bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second first language acquisition following international
adoption
Authors: Pollock Karen E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Children adopted internationally typically
experience an abrupt and total switch from the language of their
birth country to the language of their adoptive family, a process
referred to as second first language acquisition.
Age at adoption, quality of pre-adoption care, health and
developmental status, and post-adoption environment may influence
the ease with which children make the shift to the new language and
how quickly and completely they catch up to non-adopted peers. This
chapter chronicles the author’s multiple experiences with second
first language acquisition as a clinician, parent and researcher.
Longitudinal data from children adopted internationally are
presented, including case studies and larger group studies. Changing
trends in international adoption and directions for future research
are also explored.
Using Phon to analyze phonological and speech data
Authors: Rose Yvan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Phon, the software program behind the PhonBank
database, offers a set of functions useful to the analysis of
phonological and acoustic data. In this paper, I provide an
illustrated description of the most central query and reporting
functions currently available within Phon, including a discussion of
how these functions are readily applicable to research on second
language acquisition. I also describe, however with a lesser amount
of detail, how the Phon query functions can be used to obtain
acoustic measurements of audio recordings. Finally, I provide an
overview of pre-defined analyses built into Phon which are commonly
used in research on phonological development and speech disorders.
Throughout the paper, I discuss related topics, which range from
technical issues in data preparation to the larger, community-level
importance of data sharing as a condition for the future of this
software and database development projects.
Wordlikeness and nonword repetition in Spanish-speaking bilingual
children
Authors: Brea-Spahn Maria R. , Frisch Stefan A. , Bryant Judith B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Some variation in linguistic skill within the
typical bilingual (L1 and L2 learning) population may be attributed
to differences in language exposure (MacDonald & Christiansen, 2002). One
component of language exposure is the frequency of a particular
phonological pattern (e.g., syllabic and subsyllabic word
components) within a language, as well as the regularity of the
pattern, or its similarity to other patterns in the language.
Measures of language processing, such as nonword repetition, provide
a dynamic medium for analyzing the effects of language-specific
patterns on production. Currently available Spanish nonword
repetition tasks are based on Peninsular Spanish (or Castilian),
although most Latinos living in the United States represent Latin
American Spanish-speaking countries. Therefore, a Latin American
Spanish nonword repetition tool that is equivalent to English tasks
would be a beneficial addition to the research literature.
Additionally, Spanish nonword repetition tasks in the literature
vary in the degree to which they manipulate wordlikeness. In this
chapter, we describe the stages involved in developing a task
composed of two-, three-, and four- syllable nonwords which ranged
in their similarity to real Latin American Spanish words. These
nonwords were used to assess repetition performance in a group of
young Spanish-speaking children. Results suggest that wordlikeness
affects Spanish nonword repetition performance in young emerging
bilingual children, providing some support to usage-based accounts
of language learning.
The impact of learning context on L2 Chinese word order structure development
Authors: Zhang Yanyin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStudies on the impact of learning context in second language (L2) acquisition seldom look atab-initiolearners and their learning journey from the very beginning. Consequently, it is difficult to know for certain whether the findings of study-abroad vs. at-home research are applicable to this group of learners. The present study examines sixab-initiolearners’ L2 developmental processes of three Chinese word order structures in two settings: China and Australia. The analysis of two longitudinal corpora showed no impact of the learning setting on the acquisition sequence. The impact, however, was found in learning efficiency. Measured by the number of hours of formal instruction, the three learners in Australia progressed faster than the three learners in China although the latter had received much more classroom instruction and were in an immersive environment. The findings suggest that learning an L2 at home is not inferior for early L2 grammatical development.
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate-associated protein 1, a potential target of miR-296, facilitates proliferation and migration of rectal cancer cells
Authors: Ma Huan , Zhang Xianyu , Li Na , Lu Xiurong , Wei Yulei , Yuan Na , Tian Guiying , Li Shuguang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of our article was to probe the influence of GRINA on rectal cancer and how GRINA is regulated in rectal cancer. Based on the public data, we found that GRINA was highly expressed in rectal cancer tissues and related to worse prognosis in rectal cancer patients. MiR-296 was predicted as an upstream regulatory miRNA of GRINA, which was further verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, we revealed that up-regulation/down-regulation of GRINA facilitated/suppressed SW1463/SW837 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Rescue assays indicated that the facilitating impact of GRINA on SW1463 cell proliferation and motility was abolished by miR-296 over-expression whilst the suppressing influence of GRINA on SW837 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was reversed by miR-296 depletion. These consequences indicated that GRINA, which might be regulated by miR-296, acted stimulative important impact on rectal cancer cells, insinuating that GRINA might be a novel potential target for rectal cancer therapy.
Effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1-regulating hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acid
Authors: Gao Yue , Zhang Shujun , Li Jiajun , Zhao Jinqiu , Xiao Qing , Zhu Yali , Zhang Jia , Huang Wenxiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) is a bioactive phytochemical that has been found to be beneficial for the treatment of several diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). But there is a lack of literature reporting the effect of G-Rg1 on lipid metabolism balance in NAFLD. We investigated the effect and mechanism of G-Rg1 on lipid metabolism in vitro. We found that G-Rg1 decreased the levels of TG, TC, and MDA, and increased activity of SOD. Results of RT-PCR and western blotting showed that supplementation with G-Rg1 downregulated the expression of PPAR γ, FABP1, FATP2/5, CD36, SREBP1 c, and FASN, while the expression of PPAR ɑ, CPT1, ACOX1, MTTP, and ApoB100 was upregulated, after induction by a free fatty acid. Taken together, we conclude that G-Rg1 inhibits lipid synthesis and lipid uptake, and enhances lipid oxidation and lipid export to reduce hepatic steatosis of HepG2 cells by regulating PPAR ɑ and PPAR γ expression.
Optimal Control of Ship Microgrid Based on Improved Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Xiaodi Zhang , Ruicheng Dai , Jianrui Song , Jiyun Liu , Bin Ren 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Wind energy and solar energy are natural clean energy. If wind power is used to generate electricity, rational allocation of wind turbines, photovoltaic cells, storage batteries, and diesel engines to supply the ship’s electricity will be of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction. This article proposes a specific research object, that is, research on the optimal configuration of the hybrid power generation system for small-scale barges berthed at the port, the establishment of a hybrid power system mathematical model of wind turbines, photovoltaic cells, batteries and diesel engines, and the use of improved genetic algorithms to the total cost of the system is the minimum. The power supply reliability of the system is the constraint condition to solve the mathematical model of the optimized configuration. Finally, the simulation results are analyzed in MATLAB.
Study on the variable pitch control of the wind power unit based on mamdani inference and conventional control algorithm
Authors: Rashid Asif , Ying Deng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper firstly analysed the theory of the Wind Turbine (WT) pitch control algorithms to maximize energy yield, and then based on the analysis, 3 MW wind turbine model with a servo system and Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is developed. The blade pitch ß angle is controlled to ensure that the variable speed WT system operate safely and the optimum power is achieved. Variation in rotor speed as a result of unsteady wind velocity is controlled using PI(D) method. Fuzzy technique is developed and implemented simultaneously. Control Algorithms reveal dynamic performance of the blade pitch angle, rotor speed and rated power characteristics. Within the wind turbine standard operating regimes, controllers have shown promising results. Proposed Fuzzy technique validates superior performance. Finally, MATLAB/SIMULINK tool box establishes the corresponding model to simulation test in order to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the analysed algorithms. Simulation result demonstrates that the developed pitch servo control system has good dynamic, steady state performance and robustness.
Research on evaluation algorithm and index of resilience power system under energy transformation
Authors: He Hailei , Zhou Qinyong , Guo Jianbo , Zhang Yantao , Zhao Shanshan , Zhang Jian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of increasing vulnerability and decreasing stability of power system under energy transformation, the resilience indexes that should be considered are summarized and an evaluation algorithm of elastic power system is proposed. Firstly, the overall idea and framework of elastic power system evaluation under energy transformation are given; secondly, the evaluation indexes of elastic power system are studied from three aspects: power supply side, transmission network side and distribution side; finally, based on proposed elastic indexes and PSD-BPA power flow and transient program, the algorithm of resilience power system evaluation is proposed. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by IEEE RTS39 system, reasonable suggestions for resilience grid are also given.
Numerical study of the non-uniform channel width arrangement effect on mini-channel heat sink performance
Authors: Ren Kexian , Yuan Weixing , Miao Ze , Yang Bo , Yang Tongzhi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The mini/micro-channel heat sinks have already been a successful innovation for cooling of electronic devices, and many factors could affect their thermal performance. However, the flow distribution is one of the fatal factors influencing the performance of the mini/microchannel heat sinks. As we know, uniform flow strongly depends on the optimum structure design of the heat sinks. The particular focus of this work is the channel width arrangement effects on the flow uniformity and heat transfer inside mini-channel heat sinks (MCHSs). The mini-channel heat sinks with five non-uniform channel width arrangements were compared with a mini-channel heat sink with uniform channel width under four inlet flow rates and a fixed heat flux. Overall thermal resistance and pressure drop were used to evaluate the thermal performance of the heat sink. The simulation results show that the non-uniform channel width arrangement is significantly beneficial for achieving uniform flow distribution in the mini-channels and reduces the overall thermal resistance with up to 6.1%. It is found that the 5-type MCHS performs the best flow uniformity and the lowest thermal resistance with a moderate pressure drop. Besides, this study supplies a guideline to optimize the arrangement of channel width.
Design and Research of Big Data Platform Framework for Power Enterprises
Authors: Ma Rui , Li Weibing , Ma Nengwu , Zhang Xiong , Zhang Hang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Big data technology is one of the most fashionable computer science and technology. Through the rational use of big data technology, traditional enterprises can accelerate the promotion and transformation of business informatization and intelligence. After long-term accumulation and precipitation, the power industry has accumulated a large number of structured and unstructured data of production, operation and management. Based on the actual demand of the electric power industry and the characteristics of the existing information system and mass data, this paper studied the big data platform framework system of electric power enterprises, and carried out the big data framework design from the overall architecture, technical architecture, data architecture, logical deployment architecture and other aspects. The overall design idea conforms to the development concept of “big data +" and “Internet +", and has a good technical foundation and application support, which can be widely used in the design and construction of power big data platform.
An Integrated Energy System Coupling Biomass Gas and Hydrogen produced by Wind Power
Authors: Li Ren , Chen Kun , Li Tao , Wang Shunchao , He Zhao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The integrated energy system is gaining increasing attention due to its remarkable superiority in modern energy system. Hydrogen and biomass are two commonly used energy sources in integrated energy systems, but both of them have shortcomings. This paper presents a new type of integrated energy system for coupling biomass with hydrogen produced by wind power. This system not only avoids the energy loss caused by hydrogen storage and transportation, but also can increase the burning value of biomass gas, thereby improving power generation efficiency. The investment of proposed system is calculated based on a case study, which shows that the system has a relatively high return of investment.
Low Carbon Innovation: The Construction of Green Patent Pools in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: He J , Qiao L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In view of the features of technology transfer and patent licensing of low carbon technologies, it is necessary to explore a new green patent system, focusing on solving the problems of excessive licensing fees and complicated implementation conditions. Based on the analysis of the industrial foundation and technical reserves of low carbon industry in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, this paper proposes a concept of constructing green patent pools in the region. First, to construct enterprise-shared green patent pools, break through the traditional competition pattern by sharing innovative technologies, and promote the overall development of low carbon industry. Second, to construct public green patent pools, which are funded by government totally or partially, promote the innovation and application of low carbon technologies, and promote to take the road of low-carbon development in the Greater Bay Area.
Rhinoplasty Combined With Centrofacial Lipofilling to Optimize Facial Proportions
Authors: Carvas Marcelo , Tonnard Patrick , Verpaele Alexis 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
The perceived appearance of the nose is influenced by its foundations (ie, malar areas, lip, and chin). The association of nasal hump and centrofacial volume deficiency is not uncommon.

Objectives
We evaluated and analyzed the role of centrofacial lipofilling simultaneously to rhinoplasty to sculpt facial proportions and shapes all in one procedure.

Methods
Volumes and placement of fat graft were determined preoperatively. Centrofacial microfat grafting was performed concomitantly to the rhinoplasty. Treated areas were malar, upper lip, pyriform aperture, and chin.

Results
From January 2016 to January 2019, concurrent lipofilling was performed in 23 rhinoplasties. Fat graft volumes ranged from 2 to 31 mL.

Conclusions
Centrofacial lipofilling is a simple and effective tool that can easily be associated with rhinoplasty techniques to optimize the results and may even influence the procedure towards a more conservative approach.

Level of Evidence: 4
BIRD: identifying cell doublets via biallelic expression from single cells
Authors: Wainer-Katsir Kerem , Linial Michal 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Summary
Current technologies for single-cell transcriptomics allow thousands of cells to be analyzed in a single experiment. The increased scale of these methods raises the risk of cell doublets contamination. Available tools and algorithms for identifying doublets and estimating their occurrence in single-cell experimental data focus on doublets of different species, cell types or individuals. In this study, we analyze transcriptomic data from single cells having an identical genetic background. We claim that the ratio of monoallelic to biallelic expression provides a discriminating power toward doublets’ identification. We present a pipeline called BIallelic Ratio for Doublets (BIRD) that relies on heterologous genetic variations, from single-cell RNA sequencing. For each dataset, doublets were artificially created from the actual data and used to train a predictive model. BIRD was applied on Smart-seq data from 163 primary fibroblast single cells. The model achieved 100% accuracy in annotating the randomly simulated doublets. Bonafide doublets were verified based on a biallelic expression signal amongst X-chromosome of female fibroblasts. Data from 10X Genomics microfluidics of human peripheral blood cells achieved in average 83% (±3.7%) accuracy, and an area under the curve of 0.88 (±0.04) for a collection of ∼13 300 single cells. BIRD addresses instances of doublets, which were formed from cell mixtures of identical genetic background and cell identity. Maximal performance is achieved for high-coverage data from Smart-seq. Success in identifying doublets is data specific which varies according to the experimental methodology, genomic diversity between haplotypes, sequence coverage and depth.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Characteristics of GII.4 Norovirus Versus Other Genotypes in Sporadic Pediatric Infections in Davidson County, Tennessee, USA
Authors: Haddadin Zaid , Batarseh Einas , Hamdan Lubna , Stewart Laura S , Piya Bhinnata , Rahman Herdi , Spieker Andrew J , Chappell James , Wikswo Mary E , Dunn John R , Payne Daniel C , Vinjé Jan , Hall Aron J , Halasa Natasha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Norovirus is a leading cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis (AGE), with most outbreaks occurring during winter. The majority of outbreaks are caused by GII.4 noroviruses; however, data to support whether this is true for sporadic medically attended AGE are limited. Therefore, we sought to compare the clinical characteristics and seasonality of GII.4 vs non-GII.4 viruses.

Methods
Children aged 15 days -17 years with AGE symptoms were recruited from the outpatient, emergency department, and inpatient settings at Vanderbilt Children’s Hospital, Davidson County, Nashville, Tennessee, from December 2012 -November 2015. Stool specimens were tested using qRT-PCR for GI and GII noroviruses and subsequently genotyped by sequencing a partial region of the capsid gene.

Results
A total of 3705 patients were enrolled, and stool specimens were collected and tested from 2885 (78%) enrollees. Overall, 636 (22%) samples were norovirus-positive, of which 567 (89%) were GII. Of the 460 (81%) genotyped GII-positive samples, 233 (51%) were typed as GII.4 and 227 (49%) as non-GII.4. Compared with children with non-GII.4 infections, children with GII.4 infections were younger, more likely to have diarrhea, and more likely to receive oral rehydration fluids. Norovirus was detected year-round and peaked during winter.

Conclusions
Approximately 40% of sporadic pediatric norovirus AGE cases were caused by GII.4 norovirus. Children infected with GII.4 had more severe symptoms that required more medical care. Seasonal variations were noticed among different genotypes. These data highlight the importance of continuous norovirus surveillance and provide important information on which strains pediatric norovirus vaccines should protect against.
Outcomes of β-Hemolytic Streptococcal Necrotizing Skin and Soft-tissue Infections and the Impact of Clindamycin Resistance
Authors: Horn Dara L , Roberts Emma A , Shen Jolie , Chan Jeannie D , Bulger Eileen M , Weiss Noel S , Lynch John B , Bryson-Cahn Chloe , Robinson Bryce R H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
β-Hemolytic streptococci are frequently implicated in necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs). Clindamycin administration may improve outcomes in patients with serious streptococcal infections. However, clindamycin resistance is growing worldwide, and resistance patterns in NSTIs and their impact on outcomes are unknown.

Methods
Between 2015 and 2018, patients with NSTI at a quaternary referral center were followed up for the outcomes of death, limb loss, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Surgical wound cultures and resistance data were obtained within 48 hours of admission as part of routine care. Risk ratios for the association between these outcomes and the presence of β-hemolytic streptococci or clindamycin-resistant β-hemolytic streptococci were calculated using log-binomial regression, controlling for age, transfer status, and injection drug use–related etiology.

Results
Of 445 NSTIs identified, 85% had surgical wound cultures within 48 hours of admission. β-Hemolytic streptococci grew in 31%, and clindamycin resistance was observed in 31% of cultures. The presence of β-hemolytic streptococci was associated with greater risk of amputation (risk ratio, 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–3.01), as was the presence of clindamycin resistance among β-hemolytic streptococci infections (1.86; 1.10–3.16).

Conclusions
β-Hemolytic streptococci are highly prevalent in NSTIs, and in our population clindamycin resistance was more common than previously described. Greater risk of limb loss among patients with β-hemolytic streptococci—particularly clindamycin-resistant strains—may portend a more locally aggressive disease process or may represent preexisting patient characteristics that predispose to both infection and limb loss. Regardless, these findings may inform antibiotic selection and surgical management to maximize the potential for limb salvage.