bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expectations and Experiences with Physician Care among Patients Receiving Post-Acute Care in US Skilled Nursing Facilities
Authors: Ryskina Kira L , Foley Kierra A. , Karlawish Jason H. , Uy Joshua D. , Lott Briana , Goldberg Erica , Hodgson Nancy A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background and Objectives: In the US, post-acute care in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) is common and outcomes vary greatly across facilities. Little is known about the expectations of patients and their caregivers about physician care during the hospital to SNF transition. Our objectives were to (1) describe the experiences and expectations of patients and their caregivers with SNF physicians (or advanced practitioners such as nurse practitioners) in SNFs, and (2) identify patterns that differed between patients with vs. without cognitive impairment.Research Design and Methods: This qualitative study used grounded theory approach to analyze data collected from semi-structured interviews at five SNFs in January-August 2018. Patients admitted for short-term SNF care 5-10 days prior were eligible to participate. Thematic analysis was performed to detect recurrent themes with a focus on modifiable aspects of physician care. Analysis was stratified by patient cognitive impairment (measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment at the time of the interview). Results: Fifty patients and six caregivers were interviewed. Major themes were: (1) patients had poor awareness of the physician in charge of their care; (2) they were dissatisfied with the frequency of interaction with the physician; and (3) participants valued the perception of receiving individualized care from the physician. Less cognitively impaired patients were more concerned about limited interactions with the clinicians and were more likely to report attempts to seek out the physician. Discussion and Implications: Patient and caregiver expectations of SNF physicians were not well aligned with their experiences. SNFs aiming to improve satisfaction with care may focus efforts in this area, such as facilitating frequent communication between physicians, patients and caregivers.
Elasticity Spectra as a Tool to Investigate Actin Cortex Mechanics
Authors: Lüchtefeld Ines , Bartolozzi Alice , Morales Julian Mejia , Dobre Oana , Basso Michele , Zambelli Tomaso , Vassalli Massimo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The mechanical properties of single living cells have proven to be a powerful marker of the cell physiological state. The use of nanoindentation-based single cell force spectroscopy provided a wealth of information on the elasticity of cells, which is still largely to be exploited. The simplest model to describe cell mechanics is to treat them as a homogeneous elastic material and describe it in terms of the Young's modulus. Beside its simplicity, this approach proved to be extremely informative, allowing to assess the potential of this physical indicator towards high throughput phenotyping in diagnostic and prognostic applications. Results: Here we propose an extension of this analysis to explicitly account for the properties of the actin cortex. We present a method, the Elasticity Spectra, to calculate the apparent stiffness of the cell as a function of the indentation depth and we suggest a simple phenomenological approach to measure the thickness and stiffness of the actin cortex, in addition to the standard Young's modulus. Conclusions: The Elasticity Spectra approach is tested and validated on a set of cells treated with cytoskeleton-affecting drugs, showing the potential to extend the current representation of cell mechanics, without introducing a detailed and complex description of the intracellular structure.
Molecular characterization of G6PD mutations reveals the high frequency of G6PD Aures in the Lao Theung population
Authors: Sanephonasa Amkha , Cheepsunthorn Chalisa Louicharoen , Khaminsou Naly , Savongsy Onekham , Nuchprayoon Issarang , Leecharoenkiat Kamonlak 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence and genotypes of G6PD deficiency vary worldwide, with higher prevalence in malaria endemic areas. The first time assessment of G6PD deficiency prevalence and molecular characterization of G6PD mutations in the Lao Theung population were performed in this study.Methods: A total of 252 unrelated Lao Theung participants residing in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) were recruited. All participant samples were tested for G6PD enzyme activity and G6PD gene mutations. The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR for detecting G6PD Aures was developed.Results: The G6PD mutations were detected in 11.51% (29/252) of the participants. Eight G6PD mutations were detected. The G6PD Aures was the most common mutation identified in this cohort, which represented 58.62 % (17/29) of all mutation. The mutation pattern was homogenous, predominantly involving the G6PD Aures mutation (6.75%), followed by 1.19% G6PD Union and 0.79% each G6PD Jammu, G6PD Mahidol and G6PD Kaiping. One subject (0.4%) each carried G6PD Viangchan and G6PD Canton. Interestingly, one case of coinheritance of G6PD Aures and Quing Yan was detected in this cohort. Based on levels of G6PD enzyme activity, the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the Lao Theung population was 9.52 % (24/252).Conclusion: The G6PD Aures mutation is highly prevalent in the Lao Theung ethnic group. The common G6PD variants in continental Southeast Asian populations, G6PD Viangchan, Canton, Kaiping, Union and Mahidol, were not prevalent in this ethnic group. The technical simplicity of the developed ARMS-PCR will facilitate the final diagnosis of the G6PD Aures.
CT- 3-DimenSional airway evaluation-guided intraluminal placement of endobronchial blocker in pediatric patients: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Xu Yingyi , Zhang Na , Wei Wei , Tan Yonghong , Zeng Minting , Hou Jianning , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: One-lung ventilation (OLV) with endobronchial blocking is commonly used in anesthesia for pediatric thoracic surgery. Bronchoscopy is commonly used to guide the endobronchial blocker placement. However, when bronchoscopy is not applicable, the proper placement of endobronchial blocker is challenging. Computed tomography (CT)-3-DimenSional evaluation may be used to accurately measure the airway of pediatric patients. The present study was aimed to propose a new approach of CT-3-DimenSional airway evaluation-guided endobronchial blocker placement in pediatric patients and to determine its efficiency in clinical application. Methods: A total of 127 pediatric patients of 0.5-3 years old scheduled for elective thoracic surgery under OLV were randomized into the bronchoscopy group and the CT group. The degree of lung collapse, postoperative airway mucosal injury, pulmonary infection within 72 hour after surgery, hoarseness after tracheal extubation, Durations of postoperative mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and hospitalization, the successful rate of the first blocker positioning, and the required time and repositionings for successful blocker placement were compared between the two groups. Results: The degree of lung collapse, postoperative airway mucosal injury, pulmonary infection within 72 hour after surgery, hoarseness after tracheal extubation, durations of postoperative mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and hospitalization were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: For pediatric patients who would undergo surgery with OLV, preoperative CT 3-DimenSional airway evaluation could be used to guide endobronchial blocker placement, with a blocking efficiency similar to that of bronchoscopy-guided blocker placement.
The torsional alignment changed significantly of hindlimb in growing rabbits after patellar dislocation
Authors: Niu Jinghui , Qi Qi , Piao Kang , Hao Kuo , Sharif Iftekhar , Wang Fei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background

Torsional malalignment has been considered as a risk factor for patellar dislocation. But the influence of patellar dislocation for torsional alignment development remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate whether the torsion alteration of the hindlimb occur after patellar dislocation in growing rabbits.

Methods

In the present study, 30 one-month old rabbits were included. The experimental group consists of 30 left knees of rabbits and were underwent patellar lateral dislocation. And the control group consists of 30 right knees and no surgical procedure was performed. The Computed Tomography (CT) scan was performed on each knee when the surgery was finished and at the time the rabbits were skeletal mature (5 months post-surgery). The angles of femoral version and tibial torsion were measured using a three-dimensional method and analyzed between the experimental group and control group.

Results

The femoral version and tibia torsion in the experimental and control group immediately after surgery were not significantly different. However, 5 months after surgery, the femoral version angle of the experimental group (-5.50±6.13°) was significantly different with that of the experimental group (-10.90±4.74°)( P < 0.05). But the tibia torsion angle in the experimental group (7.17±7.25°) and control group (4.47±6.34°) were not significantly different ( P = 0.144).

Conclusion

From this study, patellar dislocation can lead to alteration of femoral version in growing rabbits. This may indicate the early treatment for patellar dislocation in children is particularly important to avoid torsional malalignment in the future. These findings may develop pathology and etiology of patellar dislocation.
Revealing the organic dye and mordant composition of Paracas textiles by a combined analytical approach
Authors: Sabatini Francesca , Bacigalupo Martina , Degano Ilaria , Javér Anna , Hacke Marei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The object of this study is a wide selection of dyed cotton and camelid samples from an important collection of 2000-year-old Paracas textiles, now at the Museo Nacional de Arqueología, Antropología e Historia del Perú (MNAAHP; Lima; Peru) and at the National Museum of World Culture (NMWC; Gothenburg; Sweden). The threads, chosen as representative of the whole palette, were selected from eighteen different textiles. A combined spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical approach was selected to characterize the organic and inorganic composition of this wide set of samples. In particular, technical photography was used to gain a general overview of the samples, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was employed for identifying the mordants and mapping the elemental distribution in the threads, while liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD, HPLC-HRMS) were used for characterizing organic dye composition.
This study provides fundamental information on the mordants or other inorganic auxiliaries used in the dyeing processes, rarely investigated up to now, and to the varieties of vegetal sources employed in Paracas textiles. The widening of the Andean dyestuff database is highly important not only to acquire knowledge on Paracas culture, but also to ease the dye characterization of archaeological textiles from Peruvian region and South American area in general.
Recognition and management of agitation in acute mental health services: A qualitative evaluation of staff perceptions
Authors: Tucker Joshua , Whitehead Lisa , Palamara Peter , Rosman Josephine , Seaman Karla 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Agitation among patients is a common and distressing behaviour across a variety of health care settings, particularly inpatient mental health. Unless recognised early and effectively managed it can lead to aggression and personal injury. The aim of this paper is to explore the experiences of mental health nurses in recognising and managing agitation in an inpatient mental health setting and the alignment of these experiences with best practice and person-centred care.

Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative methodology. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with twenty nurses working in a mental health unit in 2018. Nursing staff described their experiences of assessing and managing agitation. Descriptive and Thematic Analysis were undertaken of the transcribed focus group dialogue.

Results: Nurses combined their clinical knowledge, assessment protocols and training with information from patients to make an individualised assessment of agitation. Nurses also adopted an individualised approach to management by engaging patients in decisions about their care. In keeping with best practice recommendations, de-escalation strategies were the first choice option for management, though nurses also described using both coercive restraint and medication under certain circumstances. From the perspective of patient-centred care, the care provided aligned with elements of person-centred care nursing care.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that clinical mental health nurses assess and manage agitation, with certain exceptions, in line with best practice and a person-centred care nursing framework.

Keywords: Agitation; assessment; management; mental health; nurses, person-centred care; qualitative research
Ambient air pollutants and hospital visits for pneumonia: A case-crossover study in Qingdao, China.
Authors: Zhang Jianzhong , Ren Dunqiang , Cao Xue , Wang Tao , Geng Xue , Li Xin , Tang Jinglong , Leng Shuguang , Wang Hongmei , Zheng Yuxin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the outcome of these surveys. To explore the significance of the relationship between atmospheric pollution and hospital visits for pneumonia under the climate and pollution conditions in Qingdao, we carried out this study.Methods: The medical records of pneumonia patients were gathered from the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University during Jan 1st, 2014, and Dec 31st,2018. Daily concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, as well as CO, were collected from the national air quality monitoring stations in Qingdao. A case-crossover study design and conditional logistic regression model were used to estimate the associations. Daily temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure were adjusted as the covariates in all models. A principal component analysis was used to solve the multicollinearity between atmospheric pollutants and investigate the relationship between various air pollutants and pneumonia occurs.Results: In the single pollutant model, with interquartile range increment of the density of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 at the lag2 days, the odds ratio of hospital visits for pneumonia patients increased by 6.4% (95%CI, 2.3-10.7%), 7.7% (95%CI, 3.2-12.4%), 6.7% (95%CI, 1.0-12.7%), and 7.2% (95%CI, 1.1-13.5%). Stratified analysis showed that pollutants were more significant in the cold period. Besides, the impact of atmospheric particulates on different ages mainly occurs in the young child (0 to 3-year-old). The odds ratio was 1.042 (95%CI, 1.2-7.2%) when the principal components of atmospheric pollutants were included in the conditional logistic model.Conclusion: Our study found a significant relationship between short-term uncovering to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and hospital visits for pneumonia in Qingdao. The effect of atmospheric pollutants mainly arose in a cold period. The particulate matter might be the principal reason in inducing hospital visits for pneumonia.
Genetic Disorders With Symptoms Mimicking Rheumatologic Diseases: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Akca Ummusen Kaya , Kiper Pelin Ozlem Simsek , Demir Gizem Urel , Sag Erdal , Atalay Erdal , Utine Gulen Eda , Alikasifoglu Mehmet , Boduroglu Koray , Bilginer Yelda , Özen Seza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMusculoskeletal symptoms may be due to noninflammatory causes, including genetic disorders. We aimed to examine the final genetic diagnosis in patients who presented with musculoskeletal complaints to the rheumatology department.MethodsPatients who presented to the Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and were referred to the pediatric genetic department between January 2015 and May 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. ResultsA total of 60 patients, 19 boys (31.66%), with a mean age of 12.46 ± 1.41 years were included in the study. The total consanguinity rate was 25%. The most common (29.5%) cause of referral to the pediatric genetic department was the presence of skeletal anomalies (such as camptodactyly, clinodactyly, and short stature) with accompanying joint findings. Approximately one-third of the patients (n: 19) were diagnosed and followed up by the pediatric genetics department. The diagnoses of patients were as follows: camptodactyly, arthropathy, coxa vara, and pericarditis (CACP) syndrome (n: 3); trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (n: 1); progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (n: 2); LIG4 syndrome (n: 1); H syndrome (n: 1); spondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD) (n: 3); and nonspecific connective tissue disorders (n: 8).ConclusionsIn the differential diagnosis of patients who are referred to the Department of Pediatric Rheumatology with complaints of the musculoskeletal system, genetic disorders should also be considered.
Radiographic and Clinical Evidence: Osteoarthritic Knee Can Change Surgical Result for Lumbar Degenerative Disease Patient Undergone Surgery for 3-year Follow-up: A Retrospective Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Kim Yong-Chan , Kim Ki-Tack , Ha Kee-Yong , Ahn Joonghyun , Ko Seungnam , Luo Qiang , Kim Sung-Min , Kim Mingyu , Yoo Sunin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background : There is a paucity of reports clarifying the implication of knee osteoarthritis (OA) on spinal sagittal alignment of patients undergone surgery for lumbar spine. This study aimed to analyze how osteoarthritic knee affects radiographic and clinical results of degenerative lumbar disease patients undergone lumbar fusion.

Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiographs of 74 consecutive degenerative lumbar disease patients who underwent posterior instrumentation and fusion surgery between May 2016 and June 2017 and were followed up for minimum 3 years postoperatively. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the severity of knee OA by Kellgren-Lawrence grading (KLG) scale (group I, KLG 1 or 2 [n=39]; group II, KLG 3 or 4 [n=35]). Patient demographic data, comorbidities, spinal sagittal parameters and clinical scores were extracted and compared at preoperative, postoperative 1 month and the ultimate follow-up between the groups. In radiographic assessment, sagittal alignment parameters and sagittal balance were used. In clinical assessment, the scores of Oswestry disability index (ODI) and Scoliosis Research Society questionnaire (SRS-22) were used. For the frequency analysis of categorical variables across the groups, chi-square test was used and student t tests was used to assess the differences of continuous variables.

Results : In radiographic assessment, TLK(thoracolumbar kyphosis), LL(lumbar lordosis), PT(pelvic tilt), C7 SVA(sagittal vertical axis) in both groups improved significantly after surgery(p<0.05). However, LL, PT, C7SVA improved at postoperative 1 month in the group II were not maintained at the ultimate postoperative follow-up. In clinical assessment, preoperative Oswestry disability index (ODI, %) and all SRS-22 subscores of the group I and II were not different (p>0.05). There were significant differences between the groups at the ultimate follow-up in ODI (-25.6 vs -12.1, p<0.001), SRS total score (%) (28 vs 20, p=0.037), function subscore (1.4 vs 0.7, p=0.016), and satisfaction subscore (1.6 vs 0.6, p<0.001).

Conclusion: Osteoarthritic knee with KLG 3 or 4 have a negative influence on maintaining postoperative spinal sagittal alignment, balance, and the clinical outcomes achieved immediately by posterior instrumentation and fusion for lumbar degenerative disease.
Activation of mesenchymal stem cells promotes new bone formation within dentigerous cyst
Authors: Yu Yejia , Li Mengyu , Zhou Yuqiong , Shi Yueqi , Zhang Wenjie , Son Geehun , Ge Jing , Zhao Jun , Zhang Zhiyuan , Ye Dongxia , Yang Chi , Wang Shaoyi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Dentigerous cyst (DC) is a bone destructive disease and remains a challenge for clinicians. Marsupialization enables bone to regenerate with capsules maintaining, making it a preferred therapeutic means for DC adjacent to vital anatomical structures. Given that capsules of DC derive from odontogenic epithelium remnants at embryonic stage, we investigated whether there were mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) located in DC capsules and the role that they played in the bone regeneration after marsupialization. Methods: Samples obtained before and after marsupialization were used for histological detection and cell culture. The stemness of cells isolated from fresh tissues were analyzed by morphology, surface marker and multi-differentiation assays. Comparison of proliferation ability between Am-DCSCs and Bm-DCSCs were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), fibroblast colony-forming units (CFU-F) and 5’‐ethynyl‐2’‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Their osteogenic capacity in vitro was detected by Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red staining (ARS), combined with Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis as well as cranial bone defect model in nude mice were performed to detect their bone regeneration and bone defect repair ability. Results: Bone tissue and strong ALP activity were detected in the capsule of DC after marsupialization. Two types of MSCs were isolated from fibrous capsules of DC both before (Bm-DCSCs) and after (Am-DCSCs) marsupialization. These fibroblast-like, colony forming cells expressed MSC markers (CD44+, CD90+, CD31-, CD34-, CD45-), and they could differentiate into osteoblast-, adipocyte- and chondrocyte-like cells under induction. Notably, Am-DCSCs performed better in cell proliferation and self-renewal. Moreover, Am-DCSCs showed greater osteogenic capacity both in vitro and in vivo compared with Bm-DCSCs. Conclusions: There are MSCs residing in capsules of DC, and the cell viability as well as osteogenic capacity of them are largely enhanced after marsupialization. Our findings suggested that MSCs might play a crucial role in the healing process of DC after marsupialization, thus providing new insight into the treatment for DC by promoting the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs inside capsules.