bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZnCl2 treatment improves nutrient quality and Zn accumulation in peanut seeds and sprouts
Authors: Zhao Kai , Zhao Chengyin , Yang Mengli , Yin Dongmei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPeanut is a popular food due to its high nutrient content. The effects of ZnCl2on peanut seed germination, fatty acid and sugar contents, vitamin biosynthesis, antioxidant content, and Zn assimilation were evaluated in this study. Treatment with ZnCl2significantly improved the germination rate, enhanced reactive oxygen species production and reduced the content of total fatty acids in peanut seed and sprout. However, ZnCl2treatment did not reduce total sugar or total protein relative to the control. Germination promoted the biosynthesis of phenolics and resveratrol and increased the antioxidant capacity, as evaluated by Fe3+reducing power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability, especially under Zn stress conditions. The vitamin content decreased in the following order among treatments: germinated seeds with ZnCl2treatment > germinated seeds without ZnCl2treatment > dormant seeds. Interestingly, Zn content was approximately five times higher in the germinated ZnCl2-treated seeds compared to in the untreated germinated seeds and the dormant seeds. The results of this study provide a new method for producing healthy foods with enhanced vitamin content and antioxidant capacity.
On the Relationship Between General Auditory Sensitivity and Speech Perception: An Examination of Pitch and Lexical Tone Perception in 4- to 6-Year-Old Children
Authors: Wong Puisan , Cheng Man Wai 
Published: February 2020

PurposeTheoretical models and substantial research have proposed that general auditory sensitivity is a developmental foundation for speech perception and language acquisition. Nonetheless, controversies exist about the effectiveness of general auditory training in improving speech and language skills. This research investigated the relationships among general auditory sensitivity, phonemic speech perception, and word-level speech perception via the examination of pitch and lexical tone perception in children.MethodForty-eight typically developing 4- to 6-year-old Cantonese-speaking children were tested on the discrimination of the pitch patterns of lexical tones in synthetic stimuli, discrimination of naturally produced lexical tones, and identification of lexical tone in familiar words.ResultsThe findings revealed that accurate lexical tone discrimination and identification did not necessarily entail the accurate discrimination of nonlinguistic stimuli that followed the pitch levels and pitch shapes of lexical tones. Although pitch discrimination and tone discrimination abilities were strongly correlated, accuracy in pitch discrimination was lower than that in tone discrimination, and nonspeech pitch discrimination ability did not precede linguistic tone discrimination in the developmental trajectory.ConclusionsContradicting the theoretical models, the findings of this study suggest that general auditory sensitivity and speech perception may not be causally or hierarchically related. The finding that accuracy in pitch discrimination is lower than that in tone discrimination suggests that comparable nonlinguistic auditory perceptual ability may not be necessary for accurate speech perception and language learning. The results cast doubt on the use of nonlinguistic auditory perceptual training to improve children's speech, language, and literacy abilities.
A Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training Approach for Enhancing Higher Order Cognitive Functioning Following Sports- and Recreation-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Youth Using Telepractice
Authors: Cook Lori G. , Caulkins Nellie N. , Chapman Sandra B. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
There is currently a large scope of unmet need in addressing persistent cognitive difficulties after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affecting higher order aspects such as reasoning, strategic learning, and other executive functions (EFs), with potential lasting impacts on academic and everyday life functioning. This study sought to explore the potential for cognitive training delivered via telepractice to enhance cognitive performance after mTBI in adolescence, a critical stage for frontal lobe maturation and EF development.

Method
This nonrandomized pilot intervention study explored the effects of telepractice delivery of a top-down, strategy-based cognitive training approach, namely, Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training, on higher order strategic learning skills, along with related executive processes and real-life EF behaviors. Twelve adolescents (ages 12–18 years) who were at least 3 months post-mTBI completed 10 individual sessions over 4–6 weeks, delivered using Skype.

Results
After training, participants exhibited significant improvements in their ability to abstract meanings and recall facts from complex information. They also demonstrated generalized gains in untrained EFs of working memory and cognitive flexibility as well as potential gains in real-life EF behaviors, per parent report.

Conclusions
Whereas the findings need to be replicated in a larger, randomized study, the preliminary data suggest the clinical utility of training metacognitive strategies to improve top-down cognitive control functions after mTBI that are adaptable and adoptable across academic and real-life domains. Furthermore, leveraging an interactive telepractice communication platform has the potential to maximize the reach of cognitive training/intervention delivery while minimizing costs as well as time and travel demands.
PowerSpiral-Enteroskopie
Authors: Schneider Markus , Beyna Torsten , Neuhaus Horst 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungUntersuchungen des Dünndarms stellen die Untersucher stets vor eine Herausforderung, da diese komplex und zeitintensiv sind. Die neue Technologie der PowerSpiral-Enteroskopie (PSE) bietet alle Vorteile der klassischen Spiralenteroskopie und verspricht gegenüber den herkömmlichen Enteroskopieverfahren eine kürzere Behandlungsdauer bei größerer Eindringtiefe.
Herstellervergleich Reinigungs-/Desinfektionsgeräte (RDG-E) 2018/2019
Authors: Dreck Markus , Hofer Christine , Labonte Petra , Heil Franz-Josef , Beyer Albert ,   Fachgruppe Hygiene im bng e. V.
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Bund Niedergelassener Gastroenterologen (bng) erhält regelmäßig Anfragen von Mitgliedern, die die Anschaffung eines Reinigungs-/Desinfektionsgerätes für flexible Endoskope (RDG-E) betreffen.Nicht nur die Normkonformität der entsprechenden Hersteller ist immer wieder relevant, auch Themen der unterschiedlichen Installationsvoraussetzungen, des Platzbedarfs oder der zu verwendenden Chemie oder der Validierung sind sehr häufig Gegenstand dieser Anfragen.Aus diesem Grund hat sich der bng entschlossen, die einzelnen Fakten zu den verschiedenen Modellen der unterschiedlichen RDG-E-Hersteller zusammenzutragen. Hierzu wurden die einzelnen Hersteller angeschrieben und gebeten, die vom bng abgefragten Informationen entsprechend bereitzustellen.Auf diese Weise entstand einerseits eine äußerst umfangreiche Vergleichstabelle, die im internen Bereich der bng-Website von den bng-Mitgliedern eingesehen werden kann. Andererseits hat der bng aus dieser sehr umfangreichen Tabelle eine Zusammenfassung erstellt, die in diesem Artikel wiedergegeben wird.Der Artikel liefert sowohl Informationen zum Platzbedarf der RDG-E als auch zu den Installationsvoraussetzungen, zur Einzelkanalkontrolle als auch zum Zubehör für die Geräte, z. B. Körbe.Für welches RDG-E sich ein Praxisinhaber entscheidet, hängt von vielen Umständen ab, die nur der jeweilige Käufer kennt. Diese sollten mit den Repräsentanten der unterschiedlichen Hersteller erläutert werden, um dann die individuell richtige Entscheidung treffen zu können.Sowohl die Tabelle auf der bng-Website als auch diese Zusammenfassung dient lediglich zur besseren Orientierung.
Shuntflussmessungen bei Hämodialysepatienten
Authors: Haag Stefanie 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie arteriovenöse Fistel (Shunt) gilt derzeit als Goldstandard für einen Hämodialysezugang. Diesen Zugang gilt es zu pflegen. Messungen des Shuntflusses dienen zur Erkennung von Shuntthrombosen, zur Vermeidung von Shuntverschlüssen und Senkung der Hospitalisierungsrate. Des Weiteren kann durch ein hohes Shuntvolumen eine kardiale Belastung entstehen, die im Verlauf zu einer Herzinsuffizienz führt. Dieser Artikel fasst die derzeit gebräuchlichen Methoden zur Messung des Shuntflusses zusammen, zeigt die Vor- und Nachteile der einzelnen Verfahren auf und gibt einen Überblick über die derzeitigen Empfehlungen zur Überwachung eines Hämodialyseshunts.
Treatment-failure to direct antiviral HCV regimens in real world: frequency, patient characteristics and rescue therapy – data from the German hepatitis C registry (DHC-R)
Authors: Schmitt Annika , Günther Rainer , Mauss Stefan , Boeker Klaus H. W. , Buggisch Peter , Hillenbrand Heribert , John Christine , Klinker Hartwig , Pathil Anita , Simon Karl-Georg , Serfert Yvonne , Niederau Claus , Vermehren Johannes , Wedemeyer Heiner , Sarrazin Christoph 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Virologic failure to approved combinations of direct antiviral agents (DAA) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is rare. Mostly it involves difficult to treat patients with advanced liver disease and prior interferon-experience. Before approval of VOX/VEL/SOF, a restricted number of patients received rescue treatment, and the choice of DAA combinations for re-treatment were selected on an individual basis. In the present analysis, patient characteristics and rescue-regimens after virologic failure mainly based on first generation DAAs are described.
Patients and methods Data were obtained from the German Hepatitis C-Registry (DHC-R), which is a national multicenter real-world cohort currently including about 16 500 patients recruited by more than 250 centers. The present analysis is based on 6683 patients who initiated a DAA therapy and for whom follow-up data (per-protocol analysis) were available.
Results Among the patients, 188 (2.8 %) experienced a virologic relapse. Compared to SVR-patients, relapse patients were significantly more often male (77.7 % versus 56.9 %, respectively, p < 0.001), showed cirrhosis significantly more (48.4 % versus 28.1 %, respectively, p < 0.001) and a prior interferon-containing therapy (46.3 % versus 39.0 %, respectively, p = 0.049). The majority of patients who relapsed were infected with genotype 1 (47.4 %) followed by genotype 3 (29.8 %), and 95 relapse patients started DAA re-treatment. Characteristics of patients with rescue-treatment are similar to these of patients with relapse after initial DAA treatment. Thirty-one of 39 patients with complete follow-up data achieved SVR (79.5 %), and 8 patients had a relapse again (20.5 %). Patients who received rescue treatment including a new DAA class according to guidelines, except patients who received VOX/VEL/SOF, showed higher SVR rates than the entire group (21/25, 84 %). All patients who received VOX/VEL/SOF achieved SVR (n = 4, 100 %).
Conclusions Patients with failure with DAA combination therapies are a difficult but urgent to treat population with the frequent presence of cirrhosis and prior treatment failure with interferon-based therapies. Rescue therapy with inclusion of a new DAA class leads to high SVR rates, but multiple targeted therapy with VOX/VEL/SOF seems to be most effective.
Gesundheit beginnt im Darm
Authors: Tast Christa 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas gastrointestinale System ist Sinnesorgan, Hormonquelle, Blutspeicher, Immunpolizist und Ernährungsorgan. Es hat einen wesentlichen Anteil an der Funktion anderer Körpersysteme wie z. B. Herz, Kreislauf, Abwehrsystem, Wasserhaushalt und Nervensystem. Auch Übergewicht, Depressionen und Allergien können u. a. mit einem gestörten Gleichgewicht der Darmflora zusammenhängen. Der Darm von Dialysepatienten ist im Besonderen belastet und gefährdet durch die hohe Medikamentenlast, den starken Wasserentzug und Elektrolytverschiebungen während einer Dialyse. Hypokaliämien führen z. B. zu einer reduzierten neuromuskulären Erregbarkeit und daraus kann auch eine Obstipation durch die Lähmung der glatten Muskulatur resultieren. Kaum ein Dialysepatient hat keine Beschwerden mit der Verdauung. Blähungen durch Fäulnis und Gärung, Verstopfung oder Durchfall, Bauchschmerzen, Übelkeit und Appetitlosigkeit, Geschmacksstörungen, Gewichtsverlust oder Übergewicht sind sehr häufig. Mit diesem Beitrag soll dieses hochkomplexe Organ, der Darm, in den Fokus der pflegerischen Aufmerksamkeit gelangen. Pflegekräfte sind häufig durch ihren intensiven Patientenkontakt die ersten Ansprechpartner für die Patienten mit diesen unangenehmen Begleitsymptomen. Viele Darmprobleme können vermieden werden durch gute Beratung, richtige Ernährung und das Wissen über die komplexen Zusammenhänge.
Potential Beneficial Effects of Digitaria ciliaris Flower Absolute on the Wound Healing-Linked Activities of Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes
Authors: Park Soo Min , Won Kyung Jong , Hwang Dae Il , Kim Do Yoon , Kim Ha Bin , Li Yali , Lee Hwan Myung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Digitaria ciliaris is widely reported to be a problematic weed in agricultural areas and is mainly used as an indicator plant for the development of herbicides. However, its bioactivities on skin regeneration and wound healing have not been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of D. ciliaris flower absolute on skin wound healing and skin regeneration-related events, that is, proliferation, migration, and collagen biosynthesis, in human fibroblasts and keratinocytes. For this study, we extracted absolute from the D. ciliaris flower by solvent extraction and identified the composition of D. ciliaris flower absolute using GC/MS analysis. We also tested the effect of D. ciliaris flower absolute in CCD986sk fibroblasts and/or HaCaT keratinocytes using the WST assay and 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, Boyden chamber assay, ELISA, sprouting assay, and immunoblotting. GC/MS analysis of D. ciliaris flower absolute revealed that it contained 15 compounds. The absolute increased the proliferations of keratinocytes and fibroblasts and the migration of fibroblasts but did not affect cell viabilities. In addition, it enhanced the syntheses of type I and IV collagen in fibroblasts, but not in keratinocytes. The sprouting assay showed increased sprout outgrowth of fibroblasts. In addition, D. ciliaris flower absolute induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in fibroblasts. These results indicate that D. ciliaris flower absolute may promote skin wound healing/regeneration by inducing the proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis of fibroblasts, as well as the proliferation of keratinocytes. Therefore, D. ciliaris flower absolute may be a potential natural source for cosmetic or pharmaceutical agents that promote skin wound healing/regeneration.
Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury in the Elderly and Treatment-Related Mortality – Anterior or Posterior Approach
Authors: Kiskämper Anna , Meyer Carolin , Müller Lars , Eysel Peer , Christ Hildegard , Stein Gregor 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Subaxial cervical spine injury especially in the elderly can be associated to severe complications and disability. Until today there is no consensus concerning the best operative treatment. A potential superiority of anterior or posterior fixation is the subject of controversial discussions.
Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of anterior and posterior fixation after subaxial cervical spine trauma in the elderly focussing on the postoperative mortality.
Material and Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed to analyse the data of 43 patients. Especially mortality data were collected.
Results A total of 43 patients was identified. Anterior fixation was performed in 21 patients, posterior fixation was performed in 22 patients. There were no significant differences between these groups. Although statistical significance was not reached, a slightly higher mortality was found among patients undergoing anterior fixation (52,4 vs. 31,8%). Furthermore the male sex, a higher age, translation injuries, long duration of operation and hospitalisation as well as postoperative complications were slightly associated to a higher mortality.
Conclusions Subaxial cervical spine trauma is associated to a high mortality in the elderly. Although neither anterior nor posterior fixation could show a significant superiority, every surgical decision making should be performed individually for each patient balancing the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Antenatal Screening for Group B Streptococcus in the Setting of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Empiric versus Culture-based Prophylaxis
Authors: Mithal Leena B. , Shah Nirali , Romanova Anna , Miller Emily S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Imperfect culture sensitivity and increase of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) risk in preterm neonates raise concern that culture-based intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) may be insufficient after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Our objective was to compare rates of EONS after empiric versus culture-based IAP in PPROM.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included women with a singleton gestation and PPROM between 23 and 33 weeks. Outcomes after culture-based IAP were compared with empiric IAP. The primary outcome was EONS. Secondary outcomes included group B streptococcus (GBS) bacteremia, bacteremia, and neonatal GBS infection. Bivariable and multivariable logistic analyses were performed.
Results Of the 270 women who met inclusion criteria, 136 (50%) had culture-based IAP of whom 36 (26.5%) were GBS positive. There was no significant difference in bacteremia (2.2 vs. 4.5%, p = 0.30), GBS infection (0.8 vs. 0.7%, p = 1.00), or EONS (11.8 vs. 12.7%, p = 0.82) in infants of women with culture-based IAP compared with empiric IAP. Multivariable analysis confirmed a lack of advantage to empiric versus culture-based IAP in EONS risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–1.93).
Conclusion In pregnancies complicated by PPROM, infants of women who received culture-based IAP had no significant difference in EONS or GBS infection compared with infants of women with empiric IAP.
Axenfeld-Rieger Anomaly and Neuropsychiatric Problems—More than Meets the Eye
Authors: Saffari Afshin , Ziegler Andreas , Merkenschlager Andreas , Krüger Stefan , Kölker Stefan , Hoffmann Georg Friedrich , Syrbe Steffen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate the co-occurrence of Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly and neuropsychiatric problems as clinical signs of genetically determined cerebral small vessel disease in two patients.
Case Study We report on two adolescent individuals with ocular anterior segment dysgenesis (Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly) presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Both patients underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showing white matter T2-hyperintensities involving different brain regions, suspective of cerebral small vessel disease. Genetic analysis revealed pathogenic mutations in the FOXC1 gene (patient 1) and the COL4A1 gene (patient 2), respectively.
Conclusion We report on the co-occurrence of ocular anterior segment dysgenesis (Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly) and neuropsychiatric symptoms as clinical signs of genetically determined cerebral small vessel disease in two patients. In both patients, the cerebral lesions involved the frontotemporal regions, brain regions that control social behavior as well as executive and cognitive function, highlighting the fact that neuropsychiatric symptoms may be early clinical presentations of cerebral small vessel disease. We further provide a review of monogenic causes of pediatric cerebral small vessel disease, emphasizing the links to childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disease.
Novel Method of Cervicoplasty Using Autologous Peritoneum for Cervicovaginal Atresia
Authors: Fujino Kazunari , Ikemoto Yuko , Kitade Mari , Takeda Satoru 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCervicovaginal atresia with a functional uterus is rare. There are no established surgical methods to treat this condition, and only a few reports have been published on surgical techniques. Furthermore, postoperative complications, such as restenosis, often require reoperation. A 19-year-old woman was pointed out cervical hypoplasia and referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment. A pelvic examination revealed that the vagina had a slight recession with a blind end. Transrectal ultrasound and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed congenital vaginal agenesis and cervical hypoplasia. Elective surgery was performed after reshaping the vagina. A radical surgery was performed 10 months later after sufficient self-dilation by using Frank's technique in an outpatient setting. At first, we approached by laparoscopically to correct autologous peritoneum and to bladder detach, then the cervical canal was identified. Next, a skin biopsy punch was used several times to hollow out the cervical tissue to shape and expand the cervical canal. A catheter was then placed in the uterus and autologous peritoneum was wrapped around it and fixed to the cervical canal. The catheter was removed 6 weeks postoperatively, and the patient continued dilating her vagina until she was able to have sexual intercourse, and then stopped the self-dilation. Eight months postoperatively, the patient did not report any menstrual irregularities. It is important to make corrections to prevent restenosis of the vagina and cervical canal and prevent the symptoms from recurring. Make use of autologous peritoneum as graft onto the cervical canal is effective method for the treatment of cervicovaginal atresia.
Urban warming advances spring phenology but reduces the response of phenology to temperature in the conterminous United States
Authors: Meng Lin , Mao Jiafu , Zhou Yuyu , Richardson Andrew D. , Lee Xuhui , Thornton Peter E. , Ricciuto Daniel M. , Li Xuecao , Dai Yongjiu , Shi Xiaoying , Jia Gensuo 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Cities and their associated urban heat islands are ideal natural laboratories for evaluating the response of plant phenology to warming conditions. In this study, we demonstrate that the satellite-derived start of season for plants occurred earlier but showed less covariation with temperature in most of the large 85 cities across the conterminous United States for the period 2001–2014. The results show a reduction in the response of urban phenology to temperature and imply that, in nonurban environments, the onset of spring phenology will likely advance but will slow down as the general trend toward warming continues.
On the polysemy of motion verbs in Ancient Greek and Coptic
Authors: Georgakopoulos Thanasis , Lincke Eliese-Sophia , Nikiforidou Kiki , Piata Anna 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a constructional analysis of the meanings of two generic motion verbs in Ancient Greek and Coptic (Sahidic dialect), the verbsbaínōandbôk, respectively, both of which are glossed as ‘go’ and are characterized by extensive polysemy. We argue that an adequate analysis of these meanings can only be achieved in a framework that recognizes lexical constructions at the level of the verb sense, showing that each meaning correlates with encoding features (ranging from morpho-syntactic to semantic, discursive, and lexical ones) that are not predictable, or at best are only partially motivated. Through extensive corpus analysis, we identify such significant, frequency-based patterns of correlation, each of which represents a lexical construction. Our data thus argue strongly for an approach to polysemy in which individual meanings are represented as enriched lexical constructions, which include morphological and discursive specifications (in addition to standard valence information).