bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the emission altitude of pulsating aurora using the five-wavelength photometer
Authors: Kawamura Yuki , Hosokawa Keisuke , Nozawa Satonori , Ogawa Yasunobu , Kawabata Tetsuya , Oyama Shin-Ichiro , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Kurita Satoshi , Fujii Ryoichi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing a ground-based five-wavelength photometer, which has been operative in Tromsø, Norway since February 2017, we have statistically analyzed the lifetime of O(1S) to reveal the emission altitude of pulsating aurora (PsA). For the statistics, we have extracted intervals of PsA using an EMCCD all-sky imager on 37 nights during 3 months from January to March, 2018. By performing a cross-correlation analysis between the time-series of 427.8 nm (N2+ first negative band) and 557.7 nm oxygen emissions, we derived the distribution of the lifetime of O(1S). The mean of the lifetime is 0.67 s and the mode is around 0.7 s. We estimated the emission altitude of PsA using the lifetime of O(1S) and then carried out a case study, in which we compared the temporal variations of the emission altitude with the peak height of E region ionization obtained from the simultaneous observation of the EISCAT UHF radar. We confirmed an overall agreement between the two parameters, indicating the feasibility of using the current method for estimating the energy of precipitating electrons causing PsA. In addition, we have derived the statistical characteristics of the emission altitude of PsA. The result shows that the emission altitude becomes lower in the morning side than in the midnight sector, which indicates that the energy of PsA electrons is higher in the later MLT sector. Especially, there is a decrease of the emission altitude at around 06 MLT. However, the model calculation infers that the energy of cyclotron resonance between magnetospheric electrons and whistler-mode chorus waves does not change so much depending on MLT. This implies that the observed change of the emission altitude cannot be explained only by the MLT dependence of resonance energy.
Halokinetic analysis of the Frade field area, Campos Basin, Brazil: Salt tectonics within an offshore strike-slip setting
Authors: Wischer Stephanie , Mohriak Webster 
Published: July 2020

The Frade field, located within the Campos Basin in the southeastern Brazilian margin, is a key oil field that produces from Oligo-Miocene turbidite reservoirs that derived their structural positioning due to the presence of an underlying salt diapir. The evolution of the Frade salt structure was examined using well data, selected 2D lines, and a 3D volume that were interpreted in detail focusing on the Aptian evaporite interval and its influence on the overburden. Analysis of the salt-sediment interaction indicated a complex deformation history that included five main stages of deformation, some assisted by tectonic reactivation episodes. (1) Post-Albian reactivation of a nearby north–northwest-south–southeast basement fault caused the Albian carbonate interval to fault, forming a west–northwest-east–southeast shear zone with a dextral strike-slip component. This movement initiated thin-skinned tectonics that offset the Albian carbonates and formed a pull-apart basin that accommodated a thick Late Cretaceous interval, which weakened the overburden and allowed for the initial formation of the Frade salt diapir. (2) Renewed diapir growth thickened and redistributed the Cenomanian-Maastrichtian sedimentary package proximal to the Frade salt anticline. (3) An initial and localized collapse of the Frade salt anticline occurred during early Paleogene extension. (4) Paleogene shortening caused the salt to flow, resulting in salt withdrawal in the southeast and diapir rejuvenation near its present-day apex, forming several inversion structures. In addition, the Paleogene shortening resulted in a low-relief anticlinal structure that rotated the turbidites into geometries favoring hydrocarbon accumulation. (5) A return to an extensional regime occurred during the late Oligocene/early Miocene. The results of this study provide a new insight into the development of strike-slip salt tectonic structures and show for the first time within the Campos Basin an Albian-level pull-apart basin that formed in association with salt tectonics.
Cost-Effectiveness and Efficacy of a Novel Combination Regimen in Acromegaly: A Prospective, Randomized Trial
Authors: Bonert Vivien , Mirocha James , Carmichael John , Yuen Kevin C J , Araki Takako , Melmed Shlomo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Context
Combination therapy with somatostatin receptor ligand (SRL) plus pegvisomant for patients with acromegaly is recommended after a maximizing dose on monotherapy. Lower-dose combination regimens are not well studied.

Objective
To compare cost-effectiveness and efficacy of 3 lower-dose combination regimens in controlled and uncontrolled acromegaly

Design and Setting
Prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel arm study at a tertiary referral pituitary center.

Patients
Adults with acromegaly regardless of response to prior SRL and biochemical control status at baseline, stratified by an SRL dose required for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I normalization during any 3-month period within 12 months preceding enrollment.

Intervention
Combination therapy for 24 to 32 weeks on arm A, high-dose SRL (lanreotide 120 mg/octreotide long-acting release [LAR] 30 mg) plus weekly pegvisomant (40-160 mg/week); arm B, low-dose SRL (lanreotide 60 mg/octreotide LAR 10 mg) plus weekly pegvisomant; or arm C, low-dose SRL plus daily pegvisomant (15-60 mg/day)

Main Outcome Measure
Monthly treatment cost in each arm in participants completing ≥ 24 weeks of therapy.

Results
Sixty patients were enrolled and 52 were evaluable. Fifty of 52 (96%) demonstrated IGF-I control regardless of prior SRL responsiveness (arm A, 14/15 [93.3%]; arm B, 22/23 [95.7%]; arm C, 14/14 [100%]). Arm B was least costly (mean, $9837 ± 1375 per month), arm C was most expensive (mean, $22543 ± 11158 per month), and arm A had an intermediate cost (mean, $14261 ± 1645 per month). Approximately 30% of patients required pegvisomant dose uptitration. Rates of adverse events were all &lt; 10%.

Conclusions
Low-dose SRL plus weekly pegvisomant represents a novel dosing option for achieving cost-effective, optimal biochemical control in patients with uncontrolled acromegaly requiring combination therapy.
Myotendinous junction tear of the anterior bundle of the supraspinatus muscle—a rare pattern of injury involving rotator cuff muscles
Authors: Vieira Ana C. , Montez Pérez Esther , F. Hernando Moises , Abascal Faustino , Cerezal Luis 
Published: July 2020

Myotendinous junction injuries are rare and often present with distinctive imaging findings that should be differentiated from purely tendinous degenerative ruptures.Myotendinous junction tears are common in the lower limb but rarely involve rotator cuff muscles. Considering rotator cuff muscles, the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles are the most frequently implicated.The intrinsic anatomy of the supraspinatus muscle gives it a greater contractile force and consequently a propensity for rupture. It is composed of two bundles: anterior and posterior (with the latest further divided in a deep anterior, a medial and a superficial posterior portion). These two components have distinctive anatomy with the anterior bundle having a long intramuscular tendon and bipennate configuration and the posterior bundle having a smaller intramuscular tendon and parallel muscle fibres. This distinctive anatomy grants a greater contractile force to the anterior bundle of the supraspinatus muscle and for this reason it is more prone to myotendinous rupture.This type of injury has been associated with a rapid progression to severe fatty infiltration and should be differentiated from purely tendinous tears that are more frequent and associated with degenerative changes. Myotendinous tears occur centrally located in the muscle belly and are not associated with full thickness tears of the distal tendon attachment.
Variable expression and silencing of CRISPR-Cas9 targeted transgenes identifies the AAVS1 locus as not an entirely safe harbour
Authors: Bhagwan Jamie R. , Collins Emma , Mosqueira Diogo , Bakar Mine , Johnson Benjamin B. , Thompson Alexander , Smith James G.W. , Denning Chris 
Published: July 2020

Background: Diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can lead to severe outcomes including sudden death. The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) reporter lines can be useful for disease modelling and drug screening by providing physiologically relevant in vitro models of disease. The AAVS1 locus is cited as a safe harbour that is permissive for stable transgene expression, and hence is favoured for creating gene targeted reporter lines. Methods: We generated hiPSC reporters using a plasmid-based CRISPR/Cas9 nickase strategy. The first intron of PPP1R12C, the AAVS1 locus, was targeted with constructs expressing a genetically encoded calcium indicator (R-GECO1.0) or HOXA9-T2A-mScarlet reporter under the control of a pCAG or inducible pTRE promoter, respectively. Transgene expression was compared between clones before, during and/or after directed differentiation to mesodermal lineages. Results: Successful targeting to AAVS1 was confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Of 24 hiPSC clones targeted with pCAG-R-GECO1.0, only 20 expressed the transgene and in these, the percentage of positive cells ranged from 0% to 99.5%. Differentiation of a subset of clones produced cardiomyocytes, wherein the percentage of cells positive for R-GECO1.0 ranged from 2.1% to 93.1%. In the highest expressing R-GECO1.0 clones, transgene silencing occurred during cardiomyocyte differentiation causing a decrease in expression from 98.93% to 1.3%. In HOXA9-T2A-mScarlet hiPSC reporter lines directed towards mesoderm lineages, doxycycline induced a peak in transgene expression after two days but this reduced by up to ten-thousand-fold over the next 8-10 days. Nevertheless, for R-GECO1.0 lines differentiated into cardiomyocytes, transgene expression was rescued by continuous puromycin drug selection, which allowed the Ca2+ responses associated with HCM to be investigated in vitro using single cell analysis. Conclusions: Targeted knock-ins to AAVS1 can be used to create reporter lines but variability between clones and transgene silencing requires careful attention by researchers seeking robust reporter gene expression.
Coping among adolescents with long-term health conditions: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Al-Yateem Nabeel , Subu Muhammad Arsyad , Al-Shujairi Arwa , Alrimawi Intima , Ali Hend Mohd , Hasan Khadija , Dad Nawal Peer , Brenner Maria 
Published: July 2020

Background:Adolescents with long-term health conditions may be at risk of developing psychological comorbidities and adopting ineffective coping mechanisms if they are not adequately supported at home or school.Aim:To understand the strategies adolescents use when dealing with challenging health situations, and gain an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of their preferred care environment if they have unexpected health crises.Design:The study used a concurrent mixed-methods design, with data gathered between January and May 2019. Descriptive and non-parametric tests were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data.Results:‘Problem-focused disengagement’ was the most-often used coping strategy. The second and third most common strategies were ‘problem-focused engagement’ and ‘emotion-focused engagement’. Finally, girls tended to adopt more negative coping strategies than boys. The analysis revealed that most adolescents preferred home over school as the care environment because these caring agents were close and available, knew how to care for them and had the resources to provide or access care, and listened and understood them.Conclusion:Adolescents adopted disengagement and negative coping strategies early in their attempts to cope with stressful events before adopting more positive strategies. This is alarming, especially as school health services are not sufficiently supportive of adolescents at times of stress and illness. Adolescents often perceive school providers as unavailable and lacking knowledge about their health needs.
Interventions to improve inpatients' sleep quality in intensive care units and acute wards: a literature review
Authors: Aparício Carlos , Panin Francesca 
Published: July 2020

Background: Sleep is essential for the physical and psychological restoration of inpatients, and lack of sleep results in sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality, with potentially harmful consequences. Aim: To summarise sleep-promoting interventions in the Intensive care unit (ICU) and acute ward setting. Method and results: Six databases were searched to obtain studies for review and eight studies were selected, appraised, analysed and produced two themes: sleep-disturbing factors and sleep-promoting strategies. Sleep-disturbing factors included environmental factors (such as light and noise), illness-related factors (such as pain, anxiety and discomfort), clinical care and diagnostics. Sleep-promoting strategies included using pharmacological aids (medication) and non-pharmacological aids (reducing noise and disturbances, eye masks, earplugs and educational and behavioural changes). Conclusion: The literature review showed that both ICU and acute ward settings affect patients' sleep and both use similar strategies to improve this. Nevertheless, noise and sleep disturbances remain the most critical sleep-inhibiting factors in both settings. The review recommended future research should focus on behavioural changes among health professionals to reduce noise and improve patients' sleep.
Chaos synchronization and communication in global semiconductor laser network with coupling time delay signature concealment
Authors: Liu Shiqin , Jiang Ning , Zhao Anke , Zhang Yiqun , Qiu Kun 
Published: July 2020

Chaos synchronization and pairwise bidirectional communication with coupling time delay signature (CTDS) concealment in a global heterogeneous coupled semiconductor laser (SL) network are achieved by introducing identical chaotic injections from an external SL with self-feedback. The properties of chaos synchronization and CTDSs in four indicative cases are comparatively discussed. Moreover, the influences of key parameters on the quality of chaos synchronization and the CTDS characteristics are thoroughly investigated. On the basis of the chaos synchronization, the chaotic communication performance is further analyzed. The numerical results demonstrate that with the joint contributions of heterogeneous couplings and external identical chaotic injections, isochronous chaos synchronization can be achieved between two arbitrary SLs, and simultaneously the CTDSs are suppressed to a distinguishable level close to zero, over a wide parameter range. Besides, bidirectional transmission with a bit rate beyond 6 Gbit/s can be achieved between the synchronized SLs. Comparing with the conventional two-user communication system, the proposed SL network with CTDS concealment supports flexible network-type message exchanges between pairwise SLs.
Chalcogenide glass photonic integration for improved 2  μm optical interconnection
Authors: Shen Weihong , Zeng Pingyang , Yang Zelin , Xia Di , Du Jiangbing , Zhang Bin , Xu Ke , He Zuyuan , Li Zhaohui 
Published: July 2020

In this work, on-chip chalcogenide glass photonic integrations with several fundamental photonic building blocks are designed and fabricated based on the

As
2

S
3

platform for improved 2 μm optical interconnection, achieving a broadened wavelength bandwidth and improved fabrication tolerance. A 600 nm thick

As
2

S
3

strip waveguide has low propagation loss of 1.447 dB/cm at 2 μm. Broadband vertical coupling is realized by a grating coupler with 4.3 dB coupling loss. A Bragg grating filter, power splitter, Mach–Zander interferometer, and mode converter for on-chip mode division multiplexing (MDM) are also reported at 2 μm with reliable performances. Finally, a record high MDM optical interconnection capacity of

3
×
80

Gbps

at 2 μm is experimentally demonstrated based on the proposed

As
2

S
3

chip, drawing promising prospects for future photonic integration and high-speed interconnection at the 2 μm waveband.
Chordal Hausdorff Convergence and Quasihyperbolic Distance
Authors: Herron David A. , Richard Abigail , Snipes Marie A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study Hausdorff convergence (and related topics) in the chordalization of a metric space to better understand pointed Gromov-Hausdorff convergence of quasihyperbolic distances (and other conformal distances).
Higher Dimensional Holonomy Map for Ruled Submanifolds in Graded Manifolds
Authors: Giovannardi Gianmarco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe deformability condition for submanifolds of fixed degree immersed in a graded manifold can be expressed as a system of first order PDEs. In the particular but important case of ruled submanifolds, we introduce a natural choice of coordinates, which allows to deeply simplify the formal expression of the system, and to reduce it to a system of ODEs along a characteristic direction. We introduce a notion of higher dimensional holonomy map in analogy with the one-dimensional case [29], and we provide a characterization for singularities as well as a deformability criterion.
The Impact of Economic Size of Farms on their Material and Energy Expenditure
Authors: Depo Kamil , Rabier Fabienne , Huyghebaert Bruno , Szparaga Agnieszka , Kocira Sławomir 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe study assesses the impact of the economic size of farms on the efficiency of their material and energy expenditure, based on 679 farms from the Lubelskie Voivodeship. The analysis was made for the years 2013-2015 and the farms were divided into six economic size classes. 5 indexes for the efficiency of material, energy and material-energy expenditures were calculated for all farms. The aim of the work was to select a group of farms with the highest efficiency of energy and material expenditure. It was found that economically small farms managed this expenditure most effectively, as evidenced by the highest values of 4 out of 5 analyzed indexes. Very small and medium-small farms demonstrated the highest efficiency of material expenditure. In contrast, energy expenditure was most efficiently used by medium-small farms. The farms that were the largest economically were characterized by the highest efficiency index of material and energy expenditure, calculated as the ratio of total production to the expenditure.
Rheological Enhancement of Artificial Sputum Medium
Authors: Tan Mingyang , Mao Yating , Walker Travis W. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This investigation proposes a synthetic biofluid, artificial sputum medium (ASM) and xanthan gum (XG), that mimics the mucus from a patient with cystic fibrosis, and investigates the rheological properties both macroscopically and microscopically. Macroscopic rheological characterization cannot address the heterogeneity or the behavior of particle transport inside the mucus. Microscopic rheology enables the characterization of the microenvironment by using microparticles as probes.
The addition of XG to ASM provides a tunable parameter that enables the mechanical properties to be consistent with real mucus. Particles that were suspended in a media of ASM with XG displayed a subdiffusive behavior at short timescales with a diffusive exponent that decreases with an increase in concentration of XG. At long timescales, particles that were suspended in ASM+XG with a concentration of XG of 0.1% to 0.4% displayed diffusive behavior. While in more concentrated samples (0.5% and 1.0%), the particles were constrained inside local elastic “cages”. The microscopic moduli that were calculated showed consistently lower moduli than rotational rheometry. This discrepancy suggests that the solutions of XG have a hierarchical structure that better represents the weakly associated microstructure of mucus that is found in real sputum.
Geographica digital – Ansichten und Denkmäler aus dem Oberrheingebiet in den Digitalen Sammlungen der Badischen Landesbibliothek
Authors: Schütte Jana Madlen 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Seit Beginn ihrer Digitalisierung 2010 liegt ein Fokus der Badischen Landesbibliothek auf regionalen Beständen aus und zu Baden. Unter diesen finden sich auch Reisebeschreibungen und Bildbände aus dem 19. Jahrhundert mit zahlreichen Ansichten von Städten, Landschaften, Kirchen, Burgen, Plätzen und weiteren Baudenkmälern aus dem Oberrheingebiet sowie wissenschaftliche Literatur zum Rhein. Die Abbildungen werden mit angereicherten Normdaten verknüpft und mittels Zuweisung der entsprechenden Koordinaten auf einer Landkarte verortet. Dadurch kann die Badische Landesbibliothek ihren speziell an Bildzeugnissen interessierten Nutzerinnen und Nutzern verschiedene Rechercheeinstiege anbieten: Zugriff auf die einzelnen Abbildungen bieten ein alphabetisches Ortsnamenregister, ein Suchschlitz oder die Verortung auf einer Landkarte.
Immigration Relief and Insurance Coverage: Evidence from Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
Authors: Bae Jung 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
I find that the 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which conferred protection from deportation and work authorization to undocumented immigrants who had been brought to the U.S. as children, increased eligible immigrants’ likelihood of having health insurance coverage. Exploiting a cutoff rule in the eligibility criteria of DACA, I implement a difference-in-regression-discontinuities design. The insured rate increased by up to 4.3 percentage points more for DACA-eligible immigrants than for ineligible immigrants following DACA. Two-thirds of this increase is accounted for by upticks in employer-sponsored and privately purchased insurance. The findings are also consistent with immigrants becoming less averse to approach health institutions, and taking up medical financial assistance at a higher rate.
Scalp electroencephalography (sEEG) based advanced prediction of epileptic seizure time and identification of epileptogenic region
Authors: Sharma Aarti , Rai Jaynendra Kumar , Tewari Ravi Prakash 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Epilepsy is characterized by uncontrollable seizure during which consciousness of patient is disturbed. Prediction of the seizure in advance will increase the remedial possibilities for the patients suffering from epilepsy. An automated system for seizure prediction is important for seizure enactment, prevention of sudden unexpected deaths and to avoid seizure related injuries. This paper proposes the prediction of an upcoming seizure by analyzing the 23 channel non-stationary EEG signal. EEG signal is divided into smaller segments to change it into quasi-stationary data using an overlapping moving window. Brain region is marked into four regions namely left hemisphere, right hemisphere, central region and temporal region to identify the epileptogenic region. The epileptogenic region shows significant variations during pre-ictal state in comparison to the other regions. So, seizure prediction is carried out by analyzing EEG signals from this region. Seizure prediction is proposed using features extracted from both time and frequency domain. Relative entropy and relative energy are extracted from wavelet transform and Pearson correlation coefficient is obtained from time domain EEG signal. Extracted features have been smoothened using moving average filter. First order derivative of relative features have been used to normalize the intervariability before deciding the threshold for marking the prediction of seizure. Isolated seizures where pre-ictal duration of more than 1 h is reported has been detected with an accuracy of 92.18% with precursory warning 18 min in advance and seizure confirmation 12 min in advance. An overall accuracy of 83.33% with false positive alarm rate of 0.01/h has been obtained for all seizure cases with average prediction time of 9.9 min.