bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early identification of tubulointerstitial renal injury in hypertensive patients: a comparative evaluation of the urine biomarkers NGAL and KIM 1
Authors: Kuzmin O. B. , Zhezha V. V. , Begun D. N. , Tsareva V. A. , Gubanova T. G. 
Published: December 2019

Objective. The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of urine NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin) and KIM‑1 (kidney injury molecule‑1) as biomarkers of early detection of tubulointerstitial renal damage in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) without concomitant diabetes mellitus and kidney disease.Design and methods. The study involved 52 patients of both sexes (17 man and 35 women, mean age 60,2 ± 6,54 years) hospitalized for aggravation of HTN 1–3 degrees, which were divided into 3 groups with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) > 90 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (n = 21), 60–90 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (n = 19) and < 60 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (n = 12). In a separate group, patients with albuminuria in the range 10–29 mg/g urine creatinine were isolated. The comparison group consisted of 15 normotensive individuals (6 men and 9 women, mean age 49,8 ± 9,68 years) with no obvious signs of renal, cardiovascular or other diseases. All patients and controls underwent examination, and albumin, NGAL (Human NGAL ELISA kit) and KIM‑1 (Human KIM‑1 Immunoassay ELISA) levels were assessed in the first morning urine portion.Results. In the group of patients with GFR 67,7 ± 4,92 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (mildly reduced kidney function) and in the group of patients with GFR 55,8 ± 4,44 ml/min/1,73 m 2 (renal dysfunction) urine NGAL level increased by 3,43 (р < 0,05) and 3,92 times (р < 0,05), respectively, as compared with the control group. The urine concentration of KIM‑1 increased by 2,06 times (р < 0,05) was observed only in patients with renal dysfunction. Based on the ROC analysis AUC for the urine NGAL level in patients with mildly reduced kidney function is 0,78 (95 % confidence interval, 95 %CI: 0,70–0,86; p < 0,001), specificity — 89,6 %, sensitivity — 66,7 %. Similar indicators for KIM‑1 are 0,72 (95 % CI: 0,64–0,80; p < 0,001), specificity — 85,3 %, sensitivity — 16,7 %. In the group of patients with mildly reduced kidney function the urine level of NGAL correlated with the HTN severity (r = 0,8944, р < 0,001) and its duration (r = 0,8953, р < 0,001).Conclusions. Urine NGAL as compared with KIM‑1 is a more sensitive biomarker, which indicates tubulointerstitial injury in HTN patients without diabetes mellitus and kidney diseases in the early stage of impairment renal function.
Aortic pulse wave velocity as a prognostic tool of hypertension in obesity
Authors: Druzhilov M. A. , Druzhilova O. Y. , Kuznetsova T. Y. 
Published: December 2019

Objective. The aim was to assess the role of the aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) as additional predictor of hypertension (HTN) development in men with obesity.Design and methods. 526 men without HTN (according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) without therapy) (age 45,1 ± 5,0 years) with abdominal obesity (waist circumference > 94 cm) and SCORE < 5 %, without cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus were examined. The diagnostic tests included the lipid and glucose profiles, creatinine, albuminuria evaluation, echocardiography, carotid ultrasound, bifunctional ABPM (portable recorder BPLab®) with average daily PWVao assessment. Patients with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (n = 98) were excluded from the follow-up. Follow-up examination including ABPM was conducted on average after 46,3 ± 5,1 months.Results. Data of 406 subjects were available for analysis. HTN defined as average daily BP ≥ 130/80 mm Hg was found in 157 patients (38,7 %). The mathematical model included the following parameters: age, body mass index, mean daily systolic BP and mean daily PWVao. Among these predictors a PWVao was characterized by the highest standardized regression coefficient (0,461, p < 0,001). The area under the ROC-curve was 0,945 (95 % confidence interval 0,920–0,971, р < 0,001). At the selected cut-off point of PWVao 7,7 m/s the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 85,4 % and 96,8 %, respectively.Conclusions. The mathematical model for assessing the probability of HTN development in patients with obesity which includes the PWVao is characterized by a high overall percentage of correct classifications with comparability with actual data. Bifunctional ABPM with the PWVao evaluation in patients with obesity is the preferred method for additional prognostic assessment.
KURUMSAL YÖNETİM İLKELERİ IŞIĞINDA ANONİM ŞİRKETLERDE GENEL KURULA İLİŞKİN İLKELERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Semih Sırrı , TAMER Elanur 
Published: December 2019

Temel olarak kamuyu aydınlatma ve şeffaflık, hesap verilebilirlik,
sorumluluk ve eşitlik esaslarına dayanan kurumsal yönetim ilkeleri, şirket
yönetimi ve menfaat sahipleri arasında dürüstlük ve şeffaflık yaklaşımına
dayalı bir yönetimi esas alır. Bu sayede, özellikle halka açık anonim
şirketlerde çoğunluk karşısında azınlık pay sahiplerinin de şirket yönetim
ve faaliyetlerinde etkili olması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, genel
kurul toplantılara ilişkin ana ilkelerin ve bağlantılı kurumsal yönetim
ilkelerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM TERHADAP PERSONAL BRANDING JOKO WIDODO PADA PEMILIH PEMULA PEMILU 2019
Authors: Ma'aruf Ahnaf Rifky Saputra , Putra Dedi Kurnia Syah 
Published: December 2019

Pada era digital ini, segala kegiatan dapat dipublikasikan ke khalayak melalui media sosial. Banyak golongan masyarakat yang aktif menggunakan media sosial mulai dari pelajar, orang dewasa, pengusaha maupun pejabat negara. Salah satunya adalah Presiden Republik Indonesia ketujuh, Ir. H. Joko Widodo. Joko Widodo memiliki berbagai platform media sosial, media sosial dengan pengikut paling banyak diantara media sosial lainnya adalah Instagram. Dengan total 16,5 juta followers menjadikan dia sebagai pemimpin negara dengan pengikut terbanyak kedua di dunia. Konten unggahan di Instagram Joko Widodo beraneka ragam dan sangat masif dilakukan, Hal yang dilakukan Joo Widodo di media sosial Instagram adalah salah satu cara untuk membentuk personal branding. Personal branding merupakan fenomena yang unik karena pada dasarnya semua orang memiliki ciri khas tersendiri, ntuk mendapatkan hasil branding yang bertahan lama dan memberikan manfaat yang maksimal maka proses branding harus bersumber dari bukti-bukti otentik, nyata dan asli. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif penggunaan media sosial instagram terhadap pembentukan personal Branding Joko Widodo kepada Pemilih Pemula Pemilu 2019 yang masih bingung dan membutuhkan referensi untuk menentukan pilihan dalam menggunakan hak suaranya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dua variabel. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah efektivitas penggunaan media sosial instagram sedangkan variabel dependennya yaitu personal branding Joko Widodo. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebar kuesioner kepada 100 responden dengan menggunakan teknik Nonprobality Sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penggunaan media sosial Instagram dalam menyampaikan pesan yang yang diinginkan masuk dalam kategori eefektif dengan presentase 74,9% sedangkan pembentukan personal branding kepada pemilih pertama termasuk dalam kategori efektif dengan presentase 81,1%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh akun media sosial Instagram Joko Widodo berlangsung efektif dan berpengaruh positif terhadap pembentukan personal branding Joko Widodo pada pemilih pemula Pemilu 2019.
Epidemiological study of scarlet fever in Shenyang , China
Authors: Chen Huijie , Chen Ye , Sun Baijun , Wen Lihai , An Xiangdong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Since 2011, there has been an increase in the incidence of scarlet fever across China. The main objective of this study was to depict the spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics of the incidence of scarlet fever in Shenyang, China, in 2018 so as to provide the scientific basis for effective strategies of scarlet control and prevention. Methods: Excel 2010 was used to demonstrate the temporal distribution at the month level and ArcGIS10.3 was used to demonstrate the spatial distribution at the district/county level. Moran’s autocorrelation coefficient was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation and the Getis-Ord statistic was used to determine the hot-spot areas of scarlet fever. Results: A total of 2,314 scarlet fever cases were reported in Shenyang in 2018 with an annual incidence of 31.24 per 100,000. The incidence among males was higher than that among females（p＜0.001). A vast majority of the cases (96.89%) were among children aged 3 to 11 years. The highest incidence was 625.34/100,000 in children aged 5-9 years. In 2018 there were two seasonal peaks of scarlet fever in June (summer-peak) and December (winter-peak).The incidence of scarlet fever in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(p＜0.001).The incidence of scarlet fever was randomly distributed in Shenyang. There are hotspot areas located in seven districts. Conclusions: Urban areas are the hot spots of scarlet fever and joint prevention and control measures between districts should be applied. Children aged 3-11 are the main source of scarlet fever and therefore the introduction of prevention and control into kindergarten and primary schools may be key to the control of scarlet fever epidemics.
Assessment of weight and height of patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders and group of children with recurrent respiratory tract infections.
Authors: Pieniawska-Śmiech Karolina , Bar Kamil , Babicki Mateusz , Śmiech Karol , Lewandowicz-Uszyńska Aleksandra 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Primary immunodeficiences (PIDs) are a group of chronic, serious disorders in which the immune response is insufficient. In consequence, it leads to an increased susceptibility to infections. Up to date, there are about 300 different disorders classified in that group. There are also patients suffering from recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI), however that group doesn't present any abnormalities in terms of conducted immunological tests. Many factors, including medical, can have an impact on physical development of a child. Data such as birth weight and length, also weight, height, BMI during admission to the hospital were collected from 207 patients' medical histories from their hospitalization at Clinical Immunology and Paediatrics ward of J.Gromkowski Hospital in Wrocław. Investigated groups included patients with PIDs, RRTI and a control group of healthy children. Our purpose was to evaluate the physical growth of children with PID and children with RRTI by assessment of their height and weight. All of parameters were evaluated using centile charts suitable best for the Polish population. Results The lowest mean birth weight and height was found among the PIDs patients group. Children with PIDs during hospitalization had statistically relevant lower mean weight than the control group and almost 20% of them had their height situated below 3rd percentile. No statistically relevant differences have been found between them and RRTI group. The statistically significant difference was between the nutritional status of PID patients and the control group. Conclusions There is a higher percentage of PID patients with physical growth abnormalities in comparison to healthy children. Our findings indicate a need for further investigation of immune system irregularities and their influence on physical growth of children.
Development of a targeted client communication intervention to women using an electronic maternal and child health registry: a qualitative study
Authors: Bogale Binyam , Mørkrid Kjersti , O'Donnell Brian , Ghanem Buthaina , Ward Itimad Abu , Khader Khadija Abu , Isbeih Mervett , Frost Michael , Baniode Mohammad , Hijaz Taghreed , Awwad Tamara , Rabah Yousef , Frøen Frederik 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Targeted client communication (TCC) using text messages can inform, motivate and remind pregnant and postpartum women of timely utilization of care. The mixed results of the effectiveness of TCC interventions points to the importance of theory based interventions that are co-design with users. The aim of this paper is to describe the planning, development, and evaluation of a theory led TCC intervention, tailored to pregnant and postpartum women and automated from the Palestinian electronic maternal and child health registry. Methods: We used the Health Belief Model to develop interview guides to explore women’s perceptions of antenatal care (ANC), with a focus on high-risk pregnancy conditions (anemia, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, and fetal growth restriction), and untimely ANC attendance, issues predefined by a national expert panel as being of high interest. We performed 18 in-depth interviews with women, and eight with healthcare providers in public primary healthcare clinics in the West Bank and Gaza. Grounding on the results of the in-depth interviews, we used concepts from the Model of Actionable Feedback, social nudging and Enhanced Active Choice to compose the TCC content to be sent as text messages. We assessed the acceptability and understandability of the draft text messages through unstructured interviews with local health promotion experts, healthcare providers, and pregnant women. Results: We found low awareness of the importance of timely attendance to ANC, and the benefits of ANC for pregnancy outcomes. We identified knowledge gaps and beliefs in the domains of low awareness of susceptibility to, and severity of, anemia, hypertension, and diabetes complications in pregnancy. To increase the utilization of ANC and bridge the identified gaps, we iteratively composed actionable text messages with users, using recommended message framing models. We developed algorithms to trigger tailored text messages with higher intensity for women with a higher risk profile documented in the electronic health registry. Conclusions: We developed an optimized TCC intervention underpinned by behavior change theory and concepts, and co-designed with users following an iterative process. The electronic maternal and child health registry can serve as a unique platform for TCC interventions using text messages.
Comparative study of Revogene GBS LB Assay and GeneXpert GBS LB Assay for the detection of Group B Streptococcus in prenatal screening samples.
Authors: Author) Tsokyi Choera(Former Corresponding , Jung-Hynes Brittney , Author) Derrick J. Chen(New Corresponding 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Group B Streptococcal (GBS) infections in the United States are a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. The CDC, therefore recommends GBS screening for all pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation and administration of intrapartum prophylaxis (in those that tested positive) as an effective means of controlling disease transmission. Several FDA approved molecular diagnostic tests are available for rapid and accurate detection of GBS in antepartum women.
Method: In this study, we report a clinical comparison of the Xpert GBS LB assay and a novel FDA-cleared test, Revogene GBS LB assay. A total of 250 vaginal-rectal swabs from women undergoing prenatal screening were submitted to the University of Wisconsin’s clinical microbiology laboratory for GBS testing.
Results: We found 96.8% of samples were concordant between the two tests, while 3.2% were discordant with a positive percent agreement of 98.0% and a negative percent agreement of 96.5% between the Revogene GBS LB assay and the GeneXpert GBS LB assay.
Conclusion: Overall, we report that both assays perform well for the detection of GBS colonization in pregnant women.
Global scale transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes involve in early somatic embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour.
Authors: Chen Yukun , Xu Xiaoping , Liu Zhuanxia , Zhang Zihao , Xu XuHan , Lin Yuling , Lai Zhongxiong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a process of somatic cells that dedifferentiate to totipotent embryonic stem cells and generate embryos in vitro. Longan SE has been established and wildly used as model system for studying embryogenesis in woody plants, SE-related genes had been characterized. In spite of that, a comprehensive overview of SE at a molecular level is still absent. To understand the molecular mechanisms during longan SE, we examined the transcriptome changes by using Illumina HiSeq from the four distinct developmental stages, including NEC, EC, ICpEC, GE. Results: RNA-seq of the four samples generated a total of 243.78 million high quality reads, approximately 81.5% of the data were mapped to longan genome. The cDNA libraries of NEC, EC, ICpEC and GE, generated 22743, 19745, 21144, 21102 expressed transcripts, 1935, 1710, 1816, 1732 novel transcripts, 2645, 366, 505, 588 unique genes, respectively. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 10,642, 4,180, 5,846 and 1,785 genes were differentially expressed in the pairwise comparisons of NEC_vs_EC, EC_vs_ICpEC, EC_vs_GE, ICpEC_vs_GE, respectively. Among them, plant hormones signalling related genes were significantly enriched, especially the auxin and cytokinin signalling components. The transcripts of flavonoid biosynthesis related genes were mainly expressed in NEC, while fatty acid biosynthesis related genes mainly accumulated in early SE. In addition, the extracelluar protein encoding genes LTP, CHI, GLP, AGP, EP1 were related to longan SE. Combined with the FPKM of longan nine tissues transcription, 27 SE specific or preferential genes (LEC1, LEC1-like, PDF1.3, GH3.6, AGL80, PIN1, BBM, WOX9, WOX2, et al.) and 28 NEC preferential genes (LEA5, CNOT3, DC2.15, PR1-1, NsLTP2, DIR1, PIP1, PIP2.1 and POD5 et al.) were characterized as molecular markers for longan early SE. qRT-PCR validation of SE-related genes showed a high correlation between RNA-seq and qRT-PCR data. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the role of the transcriptome during early SE in longan. Differentially expressed genes reveal that plant hormones signalling, flavonoid and fatty acid biosynthesis, and extracelluar protein related genes were involved in longan early SE. It could serve as a valuable platform resource for further functional studies addressing embryogenesis in woody plants.
“I wouldn’t have hit you, but you would have killed your baby:” Exploring Midwives’ Perspectives on Disrespect and Abusive Care in Ghana.
Authors: Dzomeku Millicent Veronica , Bemah Boamah Mensah Adwoa , Nakua Emmanuel Kweku , Agbadi Pascal , Lori Jody R. , Donkor Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Quality maternal health reduces maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Healthcare professionals, including midwives, are significant agents for the promotion of quality maternal health. Frequents reports of disrespect and abuse of childbearing women by midwives during intrapartum care are becoming common, suggesting that many of these agents are engaging in care practices that compromise quality maternal health. Thus, understanding midwives’ descriptions and experiences of the phenomenon is critical to addressing the threat. This paper, therefore, explored the understanding of midwives on D&AC and their occurrence in professional practice in a tertiary health facility in Kumasi, Ghana. Method: An exploratory descriptive qualitative research design using an interpretative approach was employed in the study. Data were generated through individual in-depth interviews. Data saturation was reached with fifteen interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Open Code 4.03 was used to manage and analyse the data. Findings: The midwives understood D&AC. They also confirmed meting out or witnessing colleagues engage in D&AC in their professional practice. The midwives described D&AC as the provision of inadequate care and the overlooking of patient-centred care, and verbal, physical, and psychological abuse. The themes revealed that socio-economic inequalities, provider perception and victim-blaming, and health system-related factors facilitate D&AC. It emerged that the following marginalized groups were at high risk for D&AC: the non-compliant, mentally ill, HIV/AIDs+, teenagers, poor, and childbearing women on admission at the general labour ward. Conclusion: The midwives understood D&AC and revealed that it frequently occurred in their professional practice. Frequent in-service training on respectful maternity care and monitoring of care provision in healthcare facilities are needed to eliminate the incidence of D&AC. Keywords Disrespectful maternity care, childbearing women, midwives, Ghana, qualitative
Eosinopenia as a diagnostic marker of bloodstream infection in a general internal medicine setting A cohort study
Authors: Hirosawa Takanobu , Harada Yukinori , Morinaga Kohei , Takase Hiroshi , Nin Michihiro , Shimizu Taro 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Little is known about the potential use of the eosinophil count as a predictive marker of bloodstream infection. In this study, we aimed to assess the reliability of eosinopenia as a predictive marker of bloodstream infection. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study. The outpatient department and general internal medicine department of a tertiary university hospital in Japan. A total of 189 adult patients with at least 2 sets of blood cultures obtained during January 1–December 31, 2018, after excluding those with the use of antibiotic therapy within 2 weeks prior to blood culture, steroid therapy, a history of haematological cancer, or eosinophilia. The diagnostic accuracies of each univariate variable and the multivariable logistic regression models were assessed by calculating the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs). The primary outcome was a positive blood culture indicating bloodstream infection. Results Severe eosinopenia (<10 cells/mm3) alone yielded little overall predictive ability (AUROC: 0.606, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.502–0.710, P=0.035), and only moderate sensitivity (50%, 95%CI: 29–70%) and specificity (71%, 95%CI: 63–78%). The model comprising baseline variables (age, sex) and the C-reactive protein level yielded an AUROC of 0.7384, and the further addition of eosinopenia yielded a slight improvement, with an AUROC of 0.7547 (P=0.4297) and a statistically significant net reclassification improvement (NRI) (P=0.03). However, the integrated discrimination index (IDI) (P=0.282) remained non-significant. Conclusions Severe eosinopenia can be considered an inexpensive marker of bloodstream infection in a general internal medicine setting.