bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real Estate Crowdfunding mit ICOs – Erfolgsfaktoren und Handlungsempfehlungen
Authors: Tönnissen Stefan , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungReal Estate Crowdfunding (RECF) nimmt international an Bedeutung zu. Eine besondere Form dieses RECF ist ein Crowdfunding mit Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) auf der Grundlage der Blockchain-Technologie. Zahlreiche Blockchain-Projekte konnten in den vergangenen Jahren Milliarden von US-Dollar zur Unternehmensfinanzierung einsammeln. Der Hype scheint jedoch vorbei zu sein, denn die Anzahl der ICO-Emittenten sind in den vergangenen Monaten deutlich gesunken. Die Gründe sind vielfältig, zum einen warnen Börsenaufsichten wie die Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) als auch die Finanzmarktaufsichtsbehörde BaFin vor den hohen Risiken und zum anderen ist der Vertrauensverlust der Investoren aufgrund von Betrugsvorfällen groß. Jedoch sind die mit einem ICO verbundenen Möglichkeiten zur Unternehmensfinanzierung über das Internet weiterhin hoch. Das Risiko für den Investor verbunden mit einem latenten Vertrauensverlust erfordert einen Informationsaustausch zwischen Investor und Entrepreneur, der vorhandene Zweifel ausräumt und Sicherheit schafft. Anhand der Media Richness Theorie analysieren wir das Informationsangebot und den Medieneinsatz von erfolgreichen Real Estate Crowdfundings mit ICOs (RECFICOs) und stellen in einer Clusteranalyse die erfolgreichen Kombinationen dar. Hieraus leiten wir Handlungsempfehlungen zur Durchführung eines erfolgreichen RECFIOs ab.
Breast Cancer Multidisciplinary Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences and Strategies Used by a Singapore Breast Surgical Unit
Authors: Mok Chi Wei , Melissa Seet Yert Li , Tan Su-Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The overwhelming COVID-19 pandemic has forced healthcare institutions around the world to direct resources to manage the pandemic. This has resulted in a sudden acute limitation of resources to care for non-COVID patients with critical conditions. In Singapore, the escalating situation has necessitated swift reaction in the Division of Breast Surgery in Changi General Hospital to develop strategies to support the battle against COVID-19 and yet deliver care to our breast cancer patients. This paper described the challenges faced and measures adopted by the division during this pandemic in our multidisciplinary management of non-COVID breast cancer patients. It is our fervent hope that this article will serve as a guide for physicians in similar settings who are managing breast cancer patients amidst this pandemic.
Effect of abiotic factors on sulfidogenic activity of bacteria Desulfuromonas sp.
Authors: Сhaіka O. M. , Peretyatko T. B. 
Published: August 2020

Sulfur-reducing bacteria are promising agents for the development of new methods of wastewater treatment with the removal of ions of heavy metals and organic compounds. Study of the effect of various environmental factors on the growth and sulfidogenic activity of sulfur-reducing bacteria allows one to investigate the adaptability of these microorganisms to stress factors. The paper deals with the effect of рН, different concentrations of elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and presence of various electron acceptors on the growth and sulfidogenic activity of bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3. The calculation of C/S ratio for sulfur-reducing bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3 was made, with the comparison with similar parameters of sulfate-reducing bacteria. In the medium with elemental sulfur, concentration of hydrogen sulfide increased with the concentration of elemental sulfur. Bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3 accumulated their biomass in the most effective way at the concentration of elemental sulfur of 10–100 mM. In the medium with polysulfide form of sulfur at the neutral pH, bacteria produced hydrogen sulfide and accumulated biomass the best. Hydrogen sulfide at the concentration of 3 mM did not inhibit the bacterial growth, but further increase in the hydrogen sulfide concentration inhibited the growth of bacteria. The bacteria did not grow at the hydrogen sulfide concentration of 25 mM and above. As the concentration of elemental sulfur and cell density increases, sulfidogenic activity of the bacteria grows. Presence of two electron acceptors (S and K2Cr2O7, S and MnO2, S and Fe (III)) did not affect the accumulation of biomass of the bacteria Desulfuromonas sp. YSDS-3. However, under such conditions the bacteria accumulated 1.5–2.5 times less hydrogen sulfide than in the test medium. After 12–24 h of cultivation, different concentrations of elemental sulfur had a significant effect on the sulfidogenic activity. However, during 3–16 days of cultivation, the percentage of effect of elemental sulfur concentration decreased to 31%, while the percentage of effect of cell density increased threefold. Presence in the medium of the electron acceptors (Cr (VI), MnO2, Fe (III)) alternative to elemental sulfur led to a significant decrease in the content of hydrogen sulfide produced by sulfur-reducing bacteria.
Analysis of the treatment regimen efficacy for columnaris disease in Pterophyllum scalare
Authors: Lavrinenko I. V. , Shulga L. V. , Peredera O. O. , Zhernosik I. A. 
Published: August 2020

The article presents the results of studies on the treatment scheme efficacy for columnaris in Pterophyllum scalare, common under private aquarium husbandry conditions. To establish the diagnosis, the clinical features of the diseased fish, pathological and anatomical changes and the results of microscopic and microbiological studies were taken into account. Separate chemical and microbiological parameters of aquarium water were also studied. It was established that fish disease developed against the background of adverse changes in the chemical composition and microbiocenosis of aquarium water. High alkalinity and excess of phosphates compared to the norm provoked accumulation of opportunistic microbiota, resulting in a balance disorder in the parasite-host system and development of clinical manifestation of the fish disease. During the disease outbreak, bacteriological indices of water indicated a high level of organic contamination and a low intensity of water self-purification processes. Clinically, the disease was manifested in P. scalare by decrease in appetite and motor activity, onset of ulcerative lesions of various shapes and sizes on the surface of the body and on the gill covers. Selected pure cultures of Flavobacterium columnare showed sensitivity to enrofloxacin (growth retardation zone 31.3 ± 1.0 mm); moderate resistance was found to tylosin. The microorganisms were resistant to amoxicillin, doxycycline, benzylpenicillin and tetracycline. Microscopic studies of intestinal specimens of dead P. scalare revealed numerous motile flagellates. It has been shown that an effective treatment regimen that provides recovery for 70% of diseased P. scalare is the use of enroxil 10% solution for five days, metronidazole three times a day, and “API MelaFix” for seven days. It is proved that the following measures are effective to restore the disrupted hydro-balance: periodic water replacement in the amount of 20% of the total volume, providing the aquarium with active aeration systems, planting slow-growing plants and reducing the amount of fish food provided. The measures developed were efficient, they led to elimination of the outbreak of columnaris in the P. scalare and to restoration of biological equilibrium in a closed aquatic ecosystem.
Effect of zinc nanoaquacitrate on the biochemical and productive parameters of the organism of rabbits
Authors: Boiko О. V. , Honchar О. F. , Lesyk Y. V. , Kovalchuk І. І. , Gutyj B. V. 
Published: August 2020

Zinc is an essential microelement for the organism of animals, and its deficiency reduces the synthesis and degradation of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids, and also decreases the metabolism of vital microelements. The objective of the study was determining the effect of various amounts of zinc nanoaquacitrate on the biochemical parameters of blood and productivity of the organism of rabbits after weaning on 50th to 86th days of life. Compared with the control group, intake of zinc nanoaquacitrate by the animals of the experimental groups exhibited dose-dependent effect on separate biochemical parameters which characterize the processes of lipid and mineral metabolisms, which manifested in the increase in their content in the blood on the 12th, 24th and 36th days of the experiment. Watering rabbits with zinc citrate in the dose of Zn 0.25 mg/kg after weaning determined its physiological effect on the biochemical parameters of their organism, expressed in the most statistically reliable changes compared with other tested amounts, particularly a higher level of the total protein, increase in the activities of glutathione reductase, alanine aminotransferase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase and decrease in the levels of cholesterol, lipid hydroperoxides, compared with the control, which may indicate the positive effect of the applied additives on certain biochemical parameters of the rabbits’ organism. Additional use of zinc citrate in the dose of 0.50 mg/kg of body weight was manifested in their blood by significant increase in the activities of catalase and glutathione reductase, lower level of lipid hydroperoxides and increase in the organism’s growth parameter by 3.1% in the final period of the study. Watering zinc citrate in the amount of 0.75 mg/kg of body weight provoked probable decrease in the level of cholesterol and triacylglycerols and increases in catalase and glutathione reductase, increase in activity of alanine aminotrasferase and decrease in lipid hydroperoxides, which determined the stimulating effect on the growth of the organism with 8.4% higher total gain of body weight after 36 days of the experiment. From a general perspective, the research indicates that intake of lowest amount of zinc citrate was characterized by the greatest effect on the biochemical blood parameters, whereas the use of greater amounts of organic compound of zinc showed positive effect on the processes of growth and development of the organism of rabbits after weaning. Of practical importance is the study of the effect of watering zinc nanoaquacitrate in the physiologically substantiated amounts on biochemical blood parameters and growth and survivability of the offspring and organism of the mother rabbit in the period of lactation.
The influence of carbon-containing greenhouse gases on the dynamics of radial increment of Pinus cembra and Picea abies in the conditions of the Gorgany Nature Reserve
Authors: Moroz O. I. , Kuz O. N. , Ruda M. V. 
Published: August 2020

Based on the tree-ring chronology, we studied the radial increment of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) and common spruce, or Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) as indicators of dendrochronological studies and, based on tree-ring chronology, reconstructed the annual changes of stem biomass and the amount of carbon accumulated in it by P. cembra and P. abies in the Gorgany Nature Reserve. Swiss stone pine stands are of great zoological importance as biotopes of nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes L.), crossbill (Loxia curvirostra L.), capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus L.) and other representatives of rare boreal fauna. Samples were taken from trees of the Playa forest district of the Brusturyan Forest Hunting Range State Enterprise of the Transcarpathian Regional Forestry Administration (P. cembra and P. abies) from trees that did not have visual signs of damage in the Gorgany Nature Reserve. By cross-dating the radial increments of two radii for each tree, individual chronological series were drawn up. Carbon sequestration in P. cembra and P. abies stem wood was evaluated on the basis of dendrochronological analysis of radial increment. The accuracy of cross-dating of dendrochronological series of individual trees, individual chronological series, and representativeness of the generalized series were verified by conventional methods. It was found that the average annual radial increment of the trees under study is 11.48 mm in P. cembra and 14.39 in P. abies, and varies in the range of 1.86–5.49 mm. The data obtained indicate an increase in the ability of P. cembra and P. abies to accumulate carbon with increasing age. The study of carbon sequestration in the stem wood of P. cembra and P. abies, based on dendrochronological analysis, made it possible to reconstruct the annual variation in stem biomass increment and accumulated carbon. The analysis of interdependence of the radial increment of P. cembra and P. abies in the Gorgany Nature Reserve and the value of carbon-containing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, carried out by the augmented data sample, made it possible to specify the periods most significant for the formation of annual rings. The reaction in radial increment is most pronounced from June to September, with the annual values of carbon-containing greenhouse gases being maximally reflected in radial increment for the period from October to April.
The impact of humic acid additives on mineral metabolism of rabbits in the postnatal period of ontogenesis
Authors: Rybalka M. A. , Stepchenko L. M. , Shuleshko O. O. , Zhorina L. V. 
Published: August 2020

Humic acids are characterized by chelating properties due to which they are able to influence the mineral metabolism in animals. Rabbits have species-specific characteristics of mineral metabolism, which distinguishes them from most species of mammals. For the experiment, 16 rabbits of 45-day-old of Hyplus breed were divided into the experimental and control group of 8 rabbits in each. The animals were 15 days in the preparatory period. The rabbits of the experimental group received humic acid additive individually with water in the amount of 5 mg/kg, the rabbits of the control group received pure water in the same amount. The ability of humic acid additive to increase the content of calcium, ionized calcium, iron, to correct the content of copper and zinc, and also to increase the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum of rabbits of the experimental group has been proved. We observed the early effect of the humic acid additive on increasing the content of iron and calcium ionized and a later effect on the activity of alkaline phosphatase and an increase in the content of copper in the blood serum. The influence of humic acid additive on the distribution of calcium, phosphorus, manganese, copper and zinc in bone tissue is determined. According to a histological study, there was a significant increase in the number of layers of osteons and osteoblasts in the bone tissue of the femur, an increase in the number of osteons and osteoblasts in the bone tissue of the sternum and an increase in the number of columns of chondrocytes and an increase in the number of chondrocytes in the column in the cartilaginous tissue of the sternum. The results of a histological study of bone tissue, together with an increase in structural macroelements in it and redistribution of osteotropic trace elements in the blood and bone tissue suggest the possibility of using a humic acid additive to intensify the growth and mineralization of bone tissue, which can improve the state of bone tissue of rabbits in the postnatal period ontogenesis.
Effect of Cameraria ohridella on accumulation of proteins, peroxidase activity and composition in Aesculus hippocastanum leaves
Authors: Seliutina O. V. , Shupranova L. V. , Holoborodko K. K. , Shulman M. V. , Bobylev Y. P. 
Published: August 2020

This study analyzed the dynamics of leaf damage, the content of easily soluble proteins, benzidine-peroxidase activity and the composition of acid enzyme isoforms in the leaves of Aesculus hippocastanum L. under the influence of the chestnut miner Cameraria ohridella Deschka et Dimić (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in plantations in one of the Ukraine’s largest industrial cities Dnipro, located in the steppe zone of Ukraine. During July-August, the destruction of leaves by the pest in relatively stable horse chestnut trees increased to 13.3%, while in unstable trees it increased to 97.5%. The maximum amount of protein was found in horse chestnut leaves in July, which decreased significantly in August and correlated with the level of leaf damage by the pest. The horse chestnut leaves were characterized by a more than twofold increase in cytoplasmic peroxidase activity in cases of high level of damage to the leaves by the phytophage. These observations indicate that consumption of the leaves by C. ohridella causes oxidative stress, which leads to the activation of enzyme. The horse chestnut trees have been shown to respond specifically to the attack of C. ohridella due to changes in the activity of individual peroxidase isozymes, the expression of which varies across the spectrum. In the leaves of the horse chestnut trees with a high level of damage by miner, the expression of enzyme isoforms in the pH range of 4.08–4.15 is significantly activated, which can be considered as a reliable biochemical marker of plant sensitivity of Ae. hippocastanum to phytophagous attack by C. ohridella. However, increase in the degree of phytophage invasion does not change the activity of isoperoxidase 4.21, and isoperoxidase with pI 4.25, 4.42 and 4.58 correspond to a decrease in activity compared with relatively resistant Ae. hippocastanum plants. We noted that the high total activity of peroxidase, as well as active adjustments in the spectrum of the peroxidase system, obviously, contribute to maintaining the functional integrity of the photosynthetic system of leaves of Ae. hippocastanum under the influence of the chestnut miner C. ohridella by neutralizing reactive oxygen species.
The impact of certain flavourings and preservatives on the survivability of eggs of Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis
Authors: Boyko O. O. , Brygadyrenko V. V. 
Published: August 2020

The article describes a laboratory study of nematocidal properties of flavourings with antibacterial effect against Ascaris suum (Goeze, 1782) and Trichuris suis Schrank, 1788. In the experiments, eight concentrations of food additives with antibacterial properties were used: cinnamaldehyde, benzoic acid, formic acid, linalool, citral, β-ionone. Minimum LC50 value for eggs of A. suum was observed while using cinnamaldehyde and benzoic acid – 1.62 ± 0.37% and 1.69 ± 0.14%, and for eggs of T. suis – 0.57 ± 0.03% and 1.80 ± 0.11% respectively. The lowest influence on the development of eggs of nematodes of pigs’ A. suum and T. suis was exerted by formic acid, linalool, citral and β-ionone. In eggs of A. suum and T. suis, larvae formed in 21 and 50 days even during exposure to 3% emulsions of these substances. The strongest negative impact on the eggs of parasitic nematodes was displayed by cinnamaldehyde flavouring. Further study on nematocidal properties of flavourings, as well as their mixtures, would contribute to the development of preparations which would have a strong effect on eggs and larvae of nematodes of animals and humans.
Biogas potential from apple waste
Authors: Song Yuan , Greer Timothy , Li Yuan , Wu Wenjun , Botheju Deshai , Bakke Rune 
Published: August 2020

Biogas production can be used to recover energy from wet organic waste such as food industry residues. In this study, residues from apple juice production at the Epleblomsten juice production plant (Norway) are analyzed to determine the biogas potential.A series of batch experiments with different initial feed concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5 and I 0%) of the leachate from the apple residues are carried out to find the total biogas potential and to investigate the composition of the leachate. These experiments were also simulated by the ADM I (Anaerobic digestion model No. I) in Aquasim as a method to estimate the chemical composition of the leachate.
According to the batch experimental data together with the simulation results it was estimated that the leachate organic matter consisted mainly of sugar and some organic acids. The estimated concentrations were used in a follow-up study to design and simulate a full scale process. The initial feed concentrations of I and 2% gave high biogas yields, while 5 and I 0% caused an overload and relatively low biogas yields. The biogas production potential was measured as the volume of biogas produced per I L feed consumed. There is no significant relationship between the residue leachate content and the gas compositions. The COD content of the feed was calculated to be about 160 g COD/L.
La cultura de la exclusión en el discurso político de los universitarios colombianos.
Authors: Soto Jairo Eduardo , Rodelo Molina Milys Karina 
Published: August 2020

El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los factores que determinan la exclusión en la educación superior para analizar posibles causas y proponer formas de disminuir estas conductas colectivas, realizar planes de intervención para garantizar los derechos humanos fundamentales y constituir uno de los pilares más importantes del bienestar social de los sujetos en edad universitaria: la inclusión. Los informantes claves fueron en total 166 personas encuestadas, 30 docentes, 22 egresados y 114 estudiantes, quienes a través de la data se identificaron los elementos del conflicto y posteriormente ahondar en ellos para precisar formas de solución a través de una perspectiva crítica que develaron las prácticas de exclusión más frecuentes entre los estudiantes universitarios. Existen otros factores sociales que intervienen en los procesos de fragmentación curricular, e inciden en la exclusión educativa evitando formas homogéneas entre la población universitaria. Otro de los factores, se relacionan con el estatus socioeconómico y cultural, la etnia o el género son algunas de las características que influyen en el desarrollo educativo, pero el más señalado tiene que ver con el factor ideológico, el cual ha dificultado una escolarización igualitaria y de calidad. Son estos, entre otros factores los que determinan las tasas de fracaso, abandono y retención en los programas de pregrado. En síntesis, la exclusión educativa ha sido observada desde el punto de vista de factores diversos: del acceso, la financiación de la educación, las características del currículo, la pedagogía o las relaciones de apoyo entre los diferentes agentes del sistema educativo.
Metodológica para la enseñanza del lanzamiento del disco y martillo en atletas de categorías menores
Authors: Burgos Mancilla Feliciano 
Published: August 2020

El trabajo tuvo como objetivo principal una propuesta metodológica para la enseñanza del lanzamiento del disco y martillo en atletas de categorías menores, en el departamento del Atlántico Colombia, mediante la cual se brinden estrategias metodológicas a los entrenadores deportivos de esta especialidad, relacionadas con técnicas, tácticas y aspectos motores, para que los jóvenes atletas puedan desarrollar aspectos técnicos, físicos y psicológicos que les permitan mejorar su condición biomotora con el lanzamiento de disco y martillo. La población para el estudio estuvo conformada por trece (13) entrenadores de equipos nacionales de lanzamientos de diferentes países, con un promedio de 25 años de experiencia profesional. Se elaboró una encuesta con preguntas cerradas y abiertas, considerando que el cuestionario no fuese extenso y, redactado con un lenguaje claro asequible para lograr la efectividad esperada. Los entrevistados emitieron sus valoraciones sobre la edad de iniciación de los atletas en las especialidades atléticas de lanzamiento del disco y martillo. Como conclusión se pudo establecer que la propuesta metodológica logra enriquecer la teoría y metodología respecto a las pruebas atléticas de lanzamiento del disco y martillo y desde el punto de vista práctico se considera una herramienta eficaz para estas disciplinas del atletismo.