bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of the mineralocorticoid receptor ligand‐binding domain in complex with a potent and selective nonsteroidal blocker, esaxerenone (CS‐3150)
Authors: Takahashi Mizuki , Ubukata Osamu , Homma Tsuyoshi , Asoh Yusuke , Honzumi Masatoshi , Hayashi Noriyuki , Saito Keiji , Tsuruoka Hiroyuki , Aoki Kazumasa , Hanzawa Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2020

Activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has long been considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It has been reported that the novel MR blocker esaxerenone shows high potency and selectivity for MR in vitro as well as great antihypertensive and renoprotective effects in salt‐sensitive hypertensive rats. Here, we determined the cocrystal structure of the MR ligand‐binding domain (MR‐LBD) with esaxerenone and found that esaxerenone binds to MR‐LBD in a unique manner with large side‐chain rearrangements, distinct from those of previously published MR antagonists. This structure also displays an antagonist form that has not been observed for MR previously. Such a unique binding mode of esaxerenone provides great insight into the novelty, potency, and selectivity of this novel antihypertensive drug.
Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of VMB‐1, a Novel Metallo‐β‐Lactamase Encoded by a Conjugative, Broad‐Host Range IncC Plasmid from Vibrio spp
Authors: Zheng Zhiwei , Cheng Qipeng , Chan Edward Wai‐Chi , Chen Sheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe increasing incidence of phenotypic resistance to carbapenems in recent years is mainly attributed to acquisition of mobile carbapenemase‐encoding genetic elements by major bacterial pathogens. Here, a novel carbapenemase known as Vibrio metallo‐β‐lactamase 1 (VMB‐1), which is encoded by a gene (blaVMB‐1) located in an integron‐bearing, highly transmissible IncC type plasmid, namely pVB1796, is identified and characterized, both genetically and functionally. Recovered from a foodborne Vibrio alginolyticus strain that exhibits resistance to all known β‐lactam antibiotics, pVB1796 is found to possess a hybrid backbone that exhibits unique features of both type 1 and type 2 IncC elements. VMB‐1 exhibits 94% sequence homology with several recently reported but poorly characterized metallo‐β‐lactamases (MBLs) produced by the marine organisms Alteromonadaceae, Glaciecola, and Thalassomonas actiniarum. Sequence alignment analysis shows that VMB‐1 shares a structurally identical active site with subclass B1 MBLs. Importantly, pVB1796 is found to be efficiently transferred from Vibrio to other Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumanni, via conjugation. These findings suggest that blaVMB‐1‐bearing plasmids have the potential to be disseminated to other Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens in the near future and render carbapenems useless in treatment of multidrug resistant infections.
Biofabrication Using Electrochemical Devices and Systems
Authors: Ino Kosuke , Ozawa Fumisato , Dang Ning , Hiramoto Kaoru , Hino Shodai , Akasaka Rise , Nashimoto Yuji , Shiku Hitoshi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBiofabrication is roughly defined as techniques producing complex 2D and 3D tissues and organs from raw materials such as living cells, matrices, biomaterials, and molecules. It is useful for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, drug screening, and organs‐on‐a‐chip. Biofabrication could be carried out by microfluidic techniques, optical methods, microfabrication, 3D bioprinting, etc. Meanwhile, electrochemical devices and/or systems have also been reported. In this progress report, the recent advances in applying these devices/systems for biofabrication are summarized. After introducing the concept of biofabrication, biofabrication strategies using electrochemical approaches are summarized. Then, various electrochemical systems such as probes and chip devices are described. Next, the biofabrication of hydrogels for 3D cell culture, electrochemical modification on cell culture surfaces, electrodeposition of conductive materials in hydrogels for cell culture, and biofabrication of cell aggregates using dielectrophoresis is discussed. In addition, electrochemical stimulation methods such as electrotaxis are mentioned as promising techniques for biofabrication. Finally, future research directions in this field and the application prospects are highlighted.
Hybrid Smart Fiber with Spontaneous Self‐Charging Mechanism for Sustainable Wearable Electronics
Authors: Cho Yuljae , Pak Sangyeon , Lee Young‐Geun , Hwang Jae Seok , Giraud Paul , An Geon‐Hyoung , Cha SeungNam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSmart wearable electronics that are fabricated on light‐weight fabrics or flexible substrates are considered to be of next‐generation and portable electronic device systems. Ideal wearable and portable applications not only require the device to be integrated into various fiber form factors, but also desire self‐powered system in such a way that the devices can be continuously supplied with power as well as simultaneously save the acquired energy for their portability and sustainability. Nevertheless, most of all self‐powered wearable electronics requiring both the generation of the electricity and storing of the harvested energy, which have been developed so far, have employed externally connected individual energy generation and storage fiber devices using external circuits. In this work, for the first time, a hybrid smart fiber that exhibits a spontaneous energy generation and storage process within a single fiber device that does not need any external electric circuit/connection is introduced. This is achieved through the employment of asymmetry coaxial structure in an electrolyte system of the supercapacitor that creates potential difference upon the creation of the triboelectric charges. This development in the self‐charging technology provides great opportunities to establish a new device platform in fiber/textile‐based electronics.
An Adaptive and Wearable Thermal Camouflage Device
Authors: Hong Sahngki , Shin Sunmi , Chen Renkun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThermal cloaking and camouflage have attracted increasing attention with the progress of infrared surveillance technologies. Previous studies have been mainly focused on emissivity manipulation or using sophisticated thermal metamaterials. However, emissivity control is only applicable for objects that are warmer than the environment and lower emissivity is usually accompanied with high reflectance of the surrounding thermal signals if they have nonuniform temperature. Metamaterial‐based thermal camouflage holds great promise but their applications on human subjects are yet to be realized. Direct temperature control represents a more desirable strategy to realize dynamically adjustable camouflage within a wide ambient temperature range, but a wearable, portable, and adjustable thermo‐regulation system that is suitable for human subjects has not been developed. This work demonstrates a wearable and adaptive infrared camouflage device responding to the background temperature change based on the thermoelectric cooling and heating effect. The flexible thermoelectric device can realize the infrared camouflage effect to effectively shield the metabolic heat from skin within a wide range of background temperature: 7 °C below and 15 °C above the ambient temperature, showing promise for a broad range of potential applications, such as security, counter‐surveillance, and adaptive heat shielding and thermal control.
Dual‐Doped Hematite Nanorod Arrays on Carbon Cloth as a Robust and Flexible Sodium Anode
Authors: Sun Menglei , Wang Zhenzhu , Ni Jiangfeng , Li Liang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRechargeable batteries with flexibility can find tremendous applications in wearable and bendable electronics. One central mission for the advancement of such high‐performance batteries is the exploration of flexible anodes with electrochemical and mechanical robustness. Herein reported is a robust and flexible sodium‐ion anode based on self‐supported hematite nanoarray grown on carbon cloth. The ammonia treatment that results in dual doping of both nitrogen and low‐valent iron renders surface reactivity and electric conductivity to the material. The dual‐doped hematite arrays afford a robust activity for sodium storage, exhibiting reversible capacities of 895 and 382 mAh g−1 at current rates of 0.1 and 5 A g−1, respectively, or 615 and 356 mAh g−1 by removing the contribution of the substrate. They also sustain 85% of the initial capacity upon 200 cycles at 0.2 A g−1. To demonstrate the flexibility, full cells composed of a hematite array anode and Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode are assembled. The cell is capable of affording an energy density of 201 Wh kg−1 and sustaining repeated bending without performance decay, demonstrating a significant potential in practical application.
Gelatin Nanoparticle‐Injectable Platelet‐Rich Fibrin Double Network Hydrogels with Local Adaptability and Bioactivity for Enhanced Osteogenesis
Authors: Mu Zhixiang , Chen Kaiwen , Yuan Shuai , Li Yihan , Huang Yuanding , Wang Chao , Zhang Yang , Liu Wenzhao , Luo Wenping , Liang Panpan , Li Xiaodong , Song Jinlin , Ji Ping , Cheng Fang , Wang Huanan , Chen Tao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBone healing is a dynamic process regulated by biochemical signals such as chemokines and growth factors, and biophysical signals such as topographical and mechanical features of extracellular matrix or mechanical stimuli. Hereby, a mechanically tough and bioactive hydrogel based on autologous injectable platelet‐rich fibrin (iPRF) modified with gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) is developed. This composite hydrogel demonstrates a double network (DN) mechanism, wherein covalent network of fibrin serves to maintain material integrity, and self‐assembled colloidal network of GNPs dissipates force upon loading. A rabbit sinus augmentation model is used to investigate the bioactivity and osteogenesis capacity of the DN hydrogels. The DN hydrogels adapt to the local environmental complexity of bone defects, i.e., accommodate the irregular shape of the defects and withstand the pressure formed in the maxillary sinus during animal's respiration process. The DN hydrogel is also demonstrated to absorb and prolong the release of the bioactive growth factors stemming from iPRF, which could have contributed to the early angiogenesis and osteogenesis observed inside the sinus. This adaptable and bioactive DN hydrogel can achieve enhanced bone regeneration in treating complex bone defects by maintaining long‐term bone mass and withstanding the functional mechanical stimuli.
Prototypic Heptamethine Cyanine Incorporating Nanomaterials for Cancer Phototheragnostic
Authors: Leitão Miguel M. , de Melo‐Diogo Duarte , Alves Cátia G. , Lima‐Sousa Rita , Correia Ilídio J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeveloping technologies that allow the simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of cancer (theragnostic) has been the quest of numerous interdisciplinary research teams. In this context, nanomaterials incorporating prototypic near infrared (NIR)‐light responsive heptamethine cyanines have been showing very promising results for cancer theragnostic. The precisely engineered features of these nanomaterials endow them with the ability to achieve a high tumor accumulation, enabling a tumor's visualization by NIR fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging modalities. Upon interaction with NIR light, the tumor‐homed heptamethine cyanine‐incorporating nanomaterials can also produce a photothermal/photodynamic effect with a high spatio‐temporal resolution and minimal side effects, leading to an improved therapeutic outcome. This progress report analyses the application of nanomaterials incorporating prototypic NIR‐light responsive heptamethine cyanines (IR775, IR780, IR783, IR797, IR806, IR808, IR820, IR825, IRDye 800CW, and Cypate) for cancer photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and imaging. Overall, the continuous development of nanomaterials incorporating the prototypic NIR absorbing heptamethine cyanines will cement their phototheragnostic capabilities.
A Colorimetric Artificial Olfactory System for Airborne Improvised Explosive Identification
Authors: Wang Guangfa , Li Yushu , Cai Zhenzhen , Dou Xincun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe detection of ultralow or nonvolatile target analytes remains a significant challenge for artificial olfactory systems even after decades of development, which severely limits their widespread application. To overcome this challenge, an artificial olfactory system based on a colorimetric hydrogel array is constructed for the first time as a universal representative. As an effective extension of conventional artificial olfactory systems that integrates the merits of its predecessors, the proposed system accurately mimics olfactory mucosa and specific odorant binding proteins using hydrogels endowed with specific colorimetric reagents for the detection of hypochlorite, chlorate, perchlorate, urea, and nitrate. Therefore, the proposed system is capable of detecting and discriminating between these five airborne improvised explosive microparticulates with a detection limit as low as 39.4 pg. Additionally, the system demonstrates good reusability over ten cycles, rapid response time of ≈0.2 s, and excellent discrimination properties, despite significant variation. This proof‐of‐concept study on colorimetric artificial olfactory systems yields a novel strategy for the direct and discriminative detection of nonvolatile airborne microparticulates.
Atorvastatin Eluting Coating for Magnesium‐Based Stents: Control of Degradation and Endothelialization in a Microfluidic Assay and In Vivo
Authors: Ye Changrong , Wang Juan , Zhao Ansha , He Dan , Maitz Manfred F. , Zhou Ningling , Huang Nan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhile absorbable magnesium (Mg) based vascular stents show promise, more progress is needed to fulfil suitable durability, fast endothelialization, anti‐restenosis, and anti‐inflammation. To design a multifunctional stent, the authors screen a common oral atorvastatin calcium (ATVC) loaded into a surface‐eroding poly(1,3‐trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) on a Mg alloy material (AZ31 wire) to achieve well‐controllable degradation rate, target drug delivery, and vascular remodeling. Moreover, to reduce cytocompatibility discrepancy between in vitro static culture and in vivo tests for Mg‐based materials, a microfluidic model is developed to mimic the microenvironment of an early‐stage stented vessel for the study of endothelial cell responses to Mg. The PTMC and PTMC‐ATVC coatings effectively reduce degradation rate of the Mg alloy in the static immersion, electrochemical measurement, microfluidic chip, and in vivo tests. The PTMC‐ATVC‐coated wires perform an outstanding growth and migration of endothelial cells in the microfluidic chip at a flow rate of 10 µL min−1, compared with uncoated and PTMC‐coated wires. In vivo rat test, the PTMC‐ATVC coating positively regulate endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, reduce intimal hyperplasia and inflammation. The target atorvastatin delivery by PTMC coating show a promising dual‐function for improving the durability and early endothelialization of Mg‐based stents.
NIR Light Driven Terahertz Wave Modulator with a Large Modulation Depth Based on a Silicon‐PEDOT:PSS‐Perovskite Hybrid System
Authors: Lai Weien , Ge Chengda , Yuan Hao , Dong Qingfeng , Yang Deren , Fang Yanjun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTerahertz (THz) all‐optical modulation, that is, the transformation from optical signal to THz signal, is critical for the THz communication system. Here, an ultrasensitive all‐optical modulator for THz waves based on a silicon‐poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)‐perovskite hybrid system is presented, with the silicon substrate as the photon absorption layer, which enables its near‐infrared (NIR) light driven THz modulation and exhibits a large modulation depth up to −45 dB under a moderate light intensity of 2.18 W cm−2. The enhanced modulation mechanism of the hybrid system is investigated, which demonstrates the essential role of PEDOT:PSS and passivated perovskite layers in promoting the charge separation at the interface and therefore increasing the surface photoconductivity of the device under light irradiation. This study opens a new window for the design and preparation of high‐performance THz photonic devices.
Printed, Highly Stable Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors with Ultra‐Thin High‐κ Oxide Dielectric
Authors: Carlos Emanuel , Leppäniemi Jaakko , Sneck Asko , Alastalo Ari , Deuermeier Jonas , Branquinho Rita , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLately, printed oxide electronics have advanced in the performance and low‐temperature solution processability that are required for the dawn of low‐cost flexible applications. However, some of the remaining limitations need to be surpassed without compromising the device electronic performance and operational stability. The printing of a highly stable ultra‐thin high‐κ aluminum‐oxide dielectric with a high‐throughput (50 m min−1) flexographic printing is accomplished while simultaneously demonstrating low‐temperature processing (≤200 °C). Thermal annealing is combined with low‐wavelength far‐ultraviolet exposure and the electrical, chemical, and morphological properties of the printed dielectric films are studied. The high‐κ dielectric exhibits a very low leakage‐current density (10−10 A cm−2) at 1 MV cm−1, a breakdown field higher than 1.75 MV cm−1, and a dielectric constant of 8.2 (at 1 Hz frequency). Printed indium oxide transistors are fabricated using the optimized dielectric and they achieve a mobility up to 2.83 ± 0.59 cm2 V−1 s−1, a subthreshold slope <80 mV dec−1, and a current ON/OFF ratio >106. The flexible devices reveal enhanced operational stability with a negligible shift in the electrical parameters after ageing, bias, and bending stresses. The present work lifts printed oxide thin film transistors a step closer to the flexible applications of future electronics.
X‐Ray Microscopy of Halide Perovskites: Techniques, Applications, and Prospects
Authors: Kodur Moses , Kumar Rishi E. , Luo Yanqi , Cakan Deniz N. , Li Xueying , Stuckelberger Michael , Fenning David P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractX‐ray microscopy can provide unique chemical, electronic, and structural insights into perovskite materials and devices leveraging bright, tunable synchrotron X‐ray sources. Over the last decade, fundamental understanding of halide perovskites and their impressive performance in optoelectronic devices has been furthered by rigorous research regarding their structural and chemical properties. Herein, studies of perovskites are reviewed that have used X‐ray imaging, spectroscopy, and scattering microscopies that have proven valuable tools toward understanding the role of defects, impurities, and processing on perovskite material properties and device performance. Together these microscopic investigations have augmented the understanding of the internal workings of perovskites and have helped to steer the perovskite community toward promising directions. In many ways, X‐ray microscopy of perovskites is still in its infancy, which leaves many exciting paths unexplored including new ptychographic, multimodal, in situ, and operando experiments. To explore possibilities, pioneering X‐ray microscopy along these lines is briefly highlighted from other semiconductor systems including silicon, CdTe, GaAs, CuInxGa1−xSe2, and organic photovoltaics. An overview is provided on the progress made in utilizing X‐ray microscopy for perovskites and present opportunities and challenges for future work.
Development of Dopant‐Free Organic Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pham Hong Duc , Yang Terry Chien‐Jen , Jain Sagar M. , Wilson Gregory J. , Sonar Prashant 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere has been considerable progress over the last decade in development of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with reported performances now surpassing 25.2% power conversion efficiency. Both long‐term stability and component costs of PSCs remain to be addressed by the research community, using hole transporting materials (HTMs) such as 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N′‐di‐pmethoxyphenylamino)‐9,9′‐spirbiuorene(Spiro‐OMeTAD) and poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA). HTMs are essential for high‐performance PSC devices. Although effective, these materials require a relatively high degree of doping with additives to improve charge mobility and interlayer/substrate compatibility, introducing doping‐induced stability issues with these HTMs, and further, additional costs and experimental complexity associated with using these doped materials. This article reviews dopant‐free organic HTMs for PSCs, outlining reports of structures with promising properties toward achieving low‐cost, effective, and scalable materials for devices with long‐term stability. It summarizes recent literature reports on non‐doped, alternative, and more stable HTMs used in PSCs as essential components for high‐efficiency cells, categorizing HTMs as reported for different PSC architectures in addition to use of dopant‐free small molecular and polymeric HTMs. Finally, an outlook and critical assessment of dopant‐free organic HTMs toward commercial application and insight into the development of stable PSC devices is provided.
Switchgrass nitrogen fertility response and nutrient cycling in a hay system
Authors: Ashworth A.J. , Moore P.A. , King R. , Pote D.H. , Douglas J.L. , Jacobs A.A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNitrogen (N) requirements for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) forage production in the Mid‐south are largely unknown. This study determined switchgrass forage yield, quality, N removal, and soil fertility response in a two‐forage harvest (pre‐anthesis) system after split applications of 0, 84, 168, 252, and 336 kg N ha–1 yr–1 from 2014 to 2016. Controls were represented by no fertilizer and a 0 N rate with supplemental P, K, Mg, and S. For all experimental years, yield did not benefit from supplemental P, K, Mg, and S, suggesting N was the limiting nutrient. Yield also did not differ between the 252 and the 336 kg N ha–1 yr–1 rates (9.2 and 9.4 Mg ha–1, respectively), indicating no further growth beyond the 252 kg N ha–1 threshold in a two‐cut forage system. At greater N fertility rates (336 kg N ha–1), the majority of the soil nutrient concentrations were reduced compared with the 252 kg N ha–1 rate, owing to greater nutrient removal in harvested plant tissue. Tissue N removal was greatest for the highest N application, albeit not different from the 252 kg N ha–1 rate; N use efficiency had an inverse relationship with N removal, peaking during the lowest N application (84 kg N ha–1). Forage quality varied, but, in general, digestibility improved under greater N fertility. Quantifying trends in forage yield and quality based on N fertility are useful for predicting break‐even prices per fertilizer response.