bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu leaf for high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and comparative proteomics
Authors: Nisar Mehvish , Hussain Hasnain 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) is a versatile crop and has been hailed as the next viable commodity in Sarawak, Malaysia. Sago palm can thrive in the harsh swampy peat, from low flooded areas to uplands and in acidic to neutral soils. Sago palm has been neglected and unfortunately, very little is known about the sago palm proteome. This study aimed to determine the best protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and its comparative analysis.

Results
To perform good proteome research, the most critical step is to establish a method that gives the best quality of extracted total proteins. Five different protein extraction protocols: polyethylene glycol (PEG) fractionation method, phenol extraction method, TCA–acetone method, the combination of phenol and TCA–acetone extraction method and imidazole method were compared to develop an optimized protein extraction method for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis of Metroxylon sagu. The PEG fractionation method was found to give the most reproducible gels with the highest number of spots and highest protein concentration followed by phenol extraction method. The lowest number of spots was observed in the imidazole method. The PEG fractionation method provides improved resolution and reproducibility of 2-DE and reduces the time required to analyze samples. Partitioning Rubisco by polyethylene glycol (PEG) fractionation provides clearer detection of low abundance protein. Hence, the results from this study propose PEG fractionation as the effective protein extraction method for 2-DE proteomic studies of Metroxylon sagu.

Conclusion
In this study, the PEG fractionation method is considered as the best extraction method for 2-DE proteomic studies of Metroxylon sagu in terms of yield, gel quality, spot numbers, and quantities of proteins.
Temperature, precipitation, ozone pollution, and daily fatal unintentional injuries in Jiangsu Province, China during 2015–2017
Authors: Robertson Leon S. , Zhou Lian , Chen Kai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe correlation of unintentional injury mortality to rising temperatures found in several studies could result from changes in behavior that increases exposure to hazards or risk when exposed. Temperature, precipitation and air pollutants may contribute to symptoms and distractions that increase risk or avoidance behavior that reduces risk. This study examines data that allows estimates of the relation of daily maximum temperature, precipitation and ozone pollution to injury mortality risk, each corrected statistically for the correlation with the others.MethodsDaily data on unintentional injury deaths and exposures to temperature, precipitation and ozone in 9 cities in Jiangsu Province, China during 2015–2017 were analyzed using Poisson regression. The regression estimates were adjusted for weekends, holidays, an anomalous difference in death rates in Nanjing, and population size.ResultsNon transport injury death risk increased substantially in relation to higher temperatures when temperatures were in the moderate range and even more so at temperatures 35 degrees (C) and higher. Transport deaths were related to increasing deaths when temperatures were low but the correlation reversed at higher temperatures. Deaths were lower on rainy days when temperatures were cool and moderate with the exception of non-transport injuries when temperatures were moderate. Higher ozone concentrations were associated with more deaths except when temperatures were low.ConclusionsThe variations in deaths in relation to temperature, precipitation and ozone suggest that people are behaving differently or are in different environments when specific combinations of the predictor variables are prevalent, putting them at greater or less risk. More study of the behaviors and circumstances that result in injury under those conditions is needed.
Testing of support tools for plagiarism detection
Authors: Foltýnek Tomáš , Dlabolová Dita , Anohina-Naumeca Alla , Razı Salim , Kravjar Július , Kamzola Laima , Guerrero-Dib Jean , Çelik Özgür , Weber-Wulff Debora 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is a general belief that software must be able to easily do things that humans find difficult. Since finding sources for plagiarism in a text is not an easy task, there is a wide-spread expectation that it must be simple for software to determine if a text is plagiarized or not. Software cannot determine plagiarism, but it can work as a support tool for identifying some text similarity that may constitute plagiarism. But how well do the various systems work? This paper reports on a collaborative test of 15 web-based text-matching systems that can be used when plagiarism is suspected. It was conducted by researchers from seven countries using test material in eight different languages, evaluating the effectiveness of the systems on single-source and multi-source documents. A usability examination was also performed. The sobering results show that although some systems can indeed help identify some plagiarized content, they clearly do not find all plagiarism and at times also identify non-plagiarized material as problematic.
Spontaneous rupture of the pancreatic arcade artery caused by neurofibromatosis type 1 successfully treated using emergency transcatheter arterial embolization, partial intra-aortic balloon occlusion, and stent graft placement: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Morita Ryo , Abo Daisuke , Soyama Takeshi , Yoshino Yuki , Yoshikawa Toru , Kimura Tasuku , Kudo Kohsuke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundVascular abnormalities in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are rare, but are the second leading cause of death in persons with NF1. In NF1 vasculopathy (NF-V), fatal bleeding due to a spontaneous arterial rupture sometimes occurs. Ruptured extracranial arteries in patients with NF1 often involve thoracic vessels, such as the intercostal and subclavian arteries; very few reports exist regarding the abdominal region. Herein, we present the first case of intraperitoneal bleeding due to spontaneous pancreatic arcade artery (PAA) rupture associated with NF1, successfully treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) combined with stent-graft placement and partial intra-aortic balloon occlusion (IABO).Case presentationA 40-year-old woman complained of back and abdominal pain. Upon admission, her blood pressure was 85/41 mmHg and heart rate was 129 beats/min. Computed tomography (CT) showed large intraperitoneal bleeding due to PAA rupture. After CT scanning, her systolic blood pressure decreased to 50 mmHg. Therefore, we performed emergency TAE with partial IABO. She was treated by TAE of the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. However, even after TAE, minor extravasation around the superior mesenteric artery continued, and her vital signs remained unstable. Stent-graft placement was selected to stop the haemorrhage, preserving normal blood flow of the superior mesenteric artery trunk. Excellent patency of the stent graft was confirmed on follow-up CT, and she was discharged on postoperative day 56.ConclusionPAA rupture associated with NF1 can be successfully treated by TAE combined with partial intra-aortic balloon occlusion, and stent-graft placement.
C-reactive protein and clinical subtypes of major depressive disorder at Zagazig University Hospitals
Authors: Mohamed Amany Elshabrawy , El-Latif Rafik Reda Abd , Youssef Amira Mohamed , Ibrahim Abdallah Saad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Although, the relation between inflammation and major depressive disorder (MDD) looks like firm, it may not exist in all patients with depression. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to compare serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level among clinical subtypes of MDD and its relation with suicidality.

Results
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for MDD, 98 patients included and categorized into five clinical subtypes groups: atypical, anxious, melancholic, psychotic, and unspecified depression with percent (11.2%, 31.6%, 19.4%, 15.3%, and 22.4%) respectively. Twenty-four (24.5%) of all patients had suicidal thoughts using Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS) with statistically significant increase (P < 0.05*) in suicidality among atypical group. On assessing CRP level, there was highly statistical significant increase (P < 0.001**) among cases with atypical type and also cases with suicidal ideation. Also, logistic regression analysis found that the significant predictors for high CRP among the studied cases were smoking, suicidality, atypical depression, and suicide depression.

Conclusions
Higher level of CRP was found among patients with atypical MDD, and there was significant relationship between CRP and suicidality.
Assessment of self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 1 diabetic children and adolescents and its influence on quality of life: practice and perspective
Authors: Elhabashy Safinaz Adel , Ezz elarab Hanan Said , Thabet Rasha Adel , Oda Asmaa Shaban 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) includes an assessment of the capillary glucose concentration as well as the interpretation of and responding to the readings. The purpose of this study was to assess patients’ compliance to self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG), identify factors and barriers that affect it, and to correlate performance of SMBG to blood glucose monitoring and patients’ quality of life. Three hundred and thirty children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were subjected to the following: (1) an interview pre-structured questionnaire which included personal, medical history, and details about SMBG; (2) Questionnaire about Quality of Life Index (Diabetes Version-III) by Ferrans and Powers for patients aging 10–16 years; and (3) glycated hemoglobin (HA1C) measurement.

Results
About 67% of the patients assessed their blood glucose 3 times per day, while 0.57% assessed blood glucose 7 times. The most influential factors affecting compliance of SMBG were the cost of strips and glucometers, the fear of pain and injection, psychological frustration, lack of availability of information to deal with high reading, and the absence of motivation for doing regular SMBG.
The more the frequency of SMBG daily, the better the HA1C of the patients (p < 0.01).
Adolescent patients aged 10–16 years who have more frequent SMBG and those with less HA1C have significant better quality of life (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
More frequent SMBG practice was associated with better glycemic control and better quality of life. Patients’ compliance is influenced by several factors which affect their frequency of SMBG.
Dark comets: the cosmic catastrophic threat to earth
Authors: Khalil M. , Said M. , Osman H. , Younis N. , Khaled N. , Amr Y. , A. Mohamed N. , Ibrahim A. 
Published: July 2020

Dark Comets are catastrophic hazardous objects that could hit Earth without warning. There are thousands of such unseen comets buzzing around. Very few of which are known. An overview of the dark comets deadly threat is presented in this paper. Moreover, detection techniques of these invisible objects are discussed.Â Â
sistemas de producción de cacao de Shushufindi y su resiliencia al cambio climático
Authors: Albiño Cargua Jose Iván 
Published: July 2020

En el cantón Shushufindi, el cacao se ha constituido en parte importante de la economía, siendo el cultivo más representativo dentro de los sistemas productivos de las familias. Dada la dependencia económica creada, esta condición le confiere un mayor riesgo ante perturbaciones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la resiliencia climática de los sistemas de producción de cacao mediante la metodología de evaluación de resiliencia y variabilidad climática en agroecosistemas planteada por Córdoba (2016, 148), la misma que fue adaptada al contexto del lugar de estudio.
Se analizaron 10 sistemas de producción, cinco monocultivos (MN) y cinco agroforestales (AF). Se evaluaron 46 indicadores de resiliencia agrupados en 11 criterios de evaluación: biofísico, aspectos sociales, salud, prácticas de cultivo, manejo del suelo, diversidad, autoconsumo, organizativo, técnico, rendimiento y económico. Se georreferenciaron los sistemas de producción y todos sus componentes mediante toma de fotografías aéreas. Se seleccionó una parcela de muestreo por sistema para recopilación de datos de diversidad vegetal y materia orgánica del suelo (MO). Cada indicador se valoró inicialmente en escala de 0 a 5 y luego se multiplicó por un coeficiente de ponderación. Los sistemas AF presentaron mayor resiliencia que los MN en 10 de los 11 criterios analizados (excepto rendimiento), sin embargo, en los dos tipos de sistema se requiere potencializar aspectos claves que mejoren su capacidad de adaptación y transformación al cambio climático.
Palabras clave: agroforestal; cacao; cambio climático; sistemas de producción; resiliencia.
Régimen Internacional del Cambio Climático: construcción de intereses comunes en la Iniciativa Yasuní ITT
Authors: Chalá Katherine Iveth , Peñafiel Daysi Mercedes 
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo cobra relevancia al destacar que desde la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales con énfasis en el Régimen Internacional del Cambio Climático, se puede explicar esta problemática desde otro enfoque, que además ha sido escasamente abordado; de esta manera, se aporta al debate académico generado hasta el momento. El objetivo general se centra en comprender cuáles son las principales dificultades que limitaron la construcción de intereses comunes entorno a la Iniciativa Yasuní ITT en el marco del Régimen en mención. Por tal sentido, la metodología empleada ha sido cualitativa, utilizando un método de estudio de caso singular. Entre los hallazgos encontrados, se destaca que tanto el Régimen como la Iniciativa presentaron contrariedades; esta última sobretodo en la aplicabilidad.
A systematic analysis of doctoral publication trends in South Africa
Authors: Van Schalkwyk Susan , Mouton Johann , Redelinghuys Herman , McKenna Sioux 
Published: July 2020

It is incumbent upon doctoral students that their work makes a substantive contribution to the field within which it is conducted. Dissemination of this work beyond the dissertation, whether whilst studying or after graduation, is necessary to ensure that the contribution does not remain largely dormant. While dissemination can take many forms, peer-reviewed journal articles are the key medium by which knowledge is shared. We aimed to establish the proportion of doctoral theses that results in journal publications by linking South African doctoral thesis metadata to journal articles authored by doctoral candidates. To effect this matching, a customised data set was created that comprised two large databases: the South African Theses Database (SATD), which documented all doctoral degrees awarded in South Africa (2005–2014), and the South African Knowledgebase (SAK), which listed all publications submitted for subsidy to the South African Department of Higher Education and Training (2005–2017). The process followed several iterations of matching and verification, including manual inspection of the data, in order to isolate only those records for which the link was established beyond doubt. Over the period under review, 47.6% of graduates, representing 22 of the 26 higher education institutions, published at least one journal article. Results further indicate increasingly higher publication rates over time. To explore whether the journal article identified was a direct product of the study, a similarity index was developed. Over 75% of records demonstrated high similarity. While the trend towards increasing publications by graduates is promising, work in this area should be ongoing.
Significance:

In spite of increasing trends in publications by graduates, many are not disseminating their work, suggesting that significant bodies of research are potentially not being shared with the academic community and are therefore not contributing to the relevant discipline or field.
This study provides baseline data from which a number of further investigations can be launched, such as exploring the extent to which doctoral candidates who are also academics are publishing their work; the factors that enable or constrain publication; the other avenues of dissemination used; and whether publishing or not publishing can serve as a proxy for the quality of the doctoral work.
BUILDING INSTITUTIONAL SYNERGICITY ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN ACEH
Authors: Syahputra Hendra , Nivada Aryos 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: This study attempted to discuss and develop concepts for the Aceh Disaster Management Agency (BPBA) to maximize their capacity in performing their function and task in any disaster management activities in Aceh Province.
Methodology: In this study, literature reviews and semi-structured interviews were adopted to obtain information regarding the implementation of disaster management in Aceh and the performance of BPBA. In total, there are 26 interviewees, consisting of top management elements in BPBA and its main stakeholders, such as the government of Aceh, research centers, search and rescue team (SAR), the military, etc.
Main Findings: This paper revealed that the implementation of disaster management activities in Aceh is still weak especially concerning the management structure of BPBA and coordination that have to be carried out with related stakeholders.
Applications of this study: The proposed concepts in this paper are expected to be fruitful inputs for BPBA in performing and synergizing their risk reduction activities with other related parties for a better disaster management implementation in Aceh Province.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Even though Aceh is one of the most disaster-prone areas in Indonesia, to the best of the author's knowledge, there are no researchers who discuss and study the importance of building institutional synergy for disaster management so far.
Nonprofessional Peer Support to Improve Mental Health: Randomized Trial of a Scalable Web-Based Peer Counseling Course
Authors: Bernecker Samantha L , Williams Joseph Jay , Caporale-Berkowitz Norian A , Wasil Akash R , Constantino Michael J 
Published: July 2020

Background
Millions of people worldwide are underserved by the mental health care system. Indeed, most mental health problems go untreated, often because of resource constraints (eg, limited provider availability and cost) or lack of interest or faith in professional help. Furthermore, subclinical symptoms and chronic stress in the absence of a mental illness diagnosis often go unaddressed, despite their substantial health impact. Innovative and scalable treatment delivery methods are needed to supplement traditional therapies to fill these gaps in the mental health care system.

Objective
This study aims to investigate whether a self-guided web-based course can teach pairs of nonprofessional peers to deliver psychological support to each other.

Methods
In this experimental study, a community sample of 30 dyads (60 participants, mostly friends), many of whom presented with mild to moderate psychological distress, were recruited to complete a web-based counseling skills course. Dyads were randomized to either immediate or delayed access to training. Before and after training, dyads were recorded taking turns discussing stressors. Participants’ skills in the helper role were assessed before and after taking the course: the first author and a team of trained research assistants coded recordings for the presence of specific counseling behaviors. When in the client role, participants rated the session on helpfulness in resolving their stressors and supportiveness of their peers. We hypothesized that participants would increase the use of skills taught by the course and decrease the use of skills discouraged by the course, would increase their overall adherence to the guidelines taught in the course, and would perceive posttraining counseling sessions as more helpful and their peers as more supportive.

Results
The course had large effects on most helper-role speech behaviors: helpers decreased total speaking time, used more restatements, made fewer efforts to influence the speaker, and decreased self-focused and off-topic utterances (ds=0.8-1.6). When rating the portion of the session in which they served as clients, participants indicated that they made more progress in addressing their stressors during posttraining counseling sessions compared with pretraining sessions (d=1.1), but they did not report substantive changes in feelings of closeness and supportiveness of their peers (d=0.3).

Conclusions
The results provide proof of concept that nonprofessionals can learn basic counseling skills from a scalable web-based course. The course serves as a promising model for the development of web-based counseling skills training, which could provide accessible mental health support to some of those underserved by traditional psychotherapy.