bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The knowledge and process dimensions
Authors: Szelągowski Marek 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The aim of this article is to present the relationship between the nature of business processes (BPs) and the nature of knowledge used in the course of their execution on the basis of an analysis of the relevance of different dimensions of BPs. The conclusion presented herein points to the inextricable relationship between business process management (BPM) and knowledge management (KM) in the knowledge economy (KE).

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is conceptual in nature and is grounded in the theories of BPM and KM.

Findings
The article analyses the significance of the changing nature of BPs for particular dimensions of BPs, as well as the relationships between the nature of BPs and the kinds of knowledge used in subsequent stages of the BPM Lifecycle. These relationships, which are primarily tied to the dimensions of BP Unpredictability and Knowledge-intensity, should be taken into account in each element of the BPM ecosystem to a larger degree, the larger the significance of processes which require dynamic management in an organization.

Research limitations/implications
The article is a contribution to the theoretical reflection on the holistic approach to BPM. It expressly points to the inevitable necessity of integration (dynamic) BPM with KM, with the exception of the specific case of traditional BPM, which encompasses structured BPs. This integration requires us to take into account the influence of KM in virtually all of the elements of the BPM ecosystem.

Practical implications
The article points to the necessity of researching the nature of executed and managed BPs as early as in the course of preparing the organization to implement BPM in the KE. The aim is to select and/or adapt implementation methodologies and systems, supporting BPM in the organization to the real BPs nature. The analysis presented in the article on the dimensions of BPs points to the particular significance of the method of adjusting elements of the BPM ecosystem in the execution and analysis and diagnosis stages of the BPM lifecycle.

Originality/value
The article presents an original view of the interrelations between BPM and KM in the knowledge intensive organizations (KIOs) in the KE.
Expression and regulation of the mer operon in Thermus thermophilus
Authors: Norambuena Javiera , Miller Maximilian , Boyd Jeffrey M. , Barkay Tamar 
Published: February 2020

SummaryMercury (Hg) is a highly toxic and widely distributed heavy metal, which some Bacteria and Archaea detoxify by the reduction of ionic Hg (Hg[II]) to the elemental volatile form, Hg(0). This activity is specified by the mer operon. The mer operon of the deeply branching thermophile Thermus thermophilus HB27 encodes for, an O‐acetyl‐l‐homoacetylserine sulfhydrylase (Oah2), a transcriptional regulator (MerR), a hypothetical protein (hp) and a mercuric reductase (MerA). Here, we show that this operon has two convergently expressed and differentially regulated promoters. An upstream promoter, P
oah, controls the constitutive transcription of the entire operon and a second promoter (P
mer), located within merR, is responsive to Hg(II). In the absence of Hg(II), the transcription of merA is basal and when Hg(II) is present, merA transcription is induced. This response to Hg(II) is controlled by MerR and genetic evidence suggests that MerR acts as a repressor and activator of P
mer. When the whole merR, including P
mer, is removed, merA is transcribed from P
oah independently of Hg(II). These results suggest that the transcriptional regulation of mer in T. thermophilus is both similar to, and different from, the well‐documented regulation of proteobacterial mer systems, possibly representing an early step in the evolution of mer‐operon regulation.
Sociodemographic profiles of high school students across multiple types of special needs and disabilities
Authors: Lloyd Jennifer E.V. , Zou Danjie , Baumbusch Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2020

A paucity of population‐based research explores the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of high school students with varieties of special needs and disabilities. Utilising a population‐based sample of self‐reported data collected in British Columbia, Canada, we investigated the scope and sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents between and within multiple categories of physical, mental, emotional and behavioural needs – including those with two or more conditions and no conditions. First, we computed the most commonly occurring and least commonly occurring special needs categories. Second, we created profiles of the broad sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents in each special needs category. Finally, we determined whether the profiles indicated statistically significant between‐ and within‐category heterogeneity. We found that over one‐quarter of adolescents had one or more special needs, while nearly three‐quarters of the special needs subpopulation had only three of the nine special needs tracked. Also, whether adolescents with a given special need were compared to those from different categories or those within the same category, there was considerable diversity in their sociodemographic attributes. Our study is one of the first to describe adolescents with special needs in this population‐based fashion. We hope that our findings may guide programme and policy development in British Columbia and around the world.
Use of a Spray Device to Locate Touch DNA on Casework Samples
Authors: Young Jennifer M. , Linacre Adrian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe use of a fluorescent dye to visualize cellular material on surfaces offers a targeted sampling approach for locating touch DNA on casework items. However, the current application of such dye is not feasible for examination of relatively large items. As a result, development of an efficient dye application system is required to translate this approach into practice. Here, the spray pattern (area covered, intensity, and evenness) of 15 different commercial spray devices was examined visually using food coloring. From this, five devices were selected to apply Diamond Nucleic Acid Dye (DD) to three substrates (glass slide, plastic sheet, and brown packing tape) seeded with saliva and touch DNA. The cellular material was visualized using the Dino‐lite Microscope and Polilight. The inhibitory effects of DD afforded by each spray device were examined using Identifiler Plus® DNA profiling kit and a DNA input of 800 pg. The two most promising devices were further tested on a range of mock casework items seeded with touch DNA. The results presented demonstrate the feasibility of a spray system to apply DD to large surfaces and subsequently detect cellular material at both micro and macroscale. Specifically, the data suggest that a pressurized continuous‐spray system is favorable and that droplet size influences the intensity of fluorescence and surface coverage. Furthermore, this study indicates that full STR profiles can be obtained following spraying with DD solution, even with excessive application, which is essential for the widespread use of these devices in casework.
Three‐dimensional structure of the antennal lobe in the Southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Ye Zi , Liu Feng , Liu Nannan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus relies on its olfactory system to locate the human hosts for blood meals, by which several deadly diseases are transmitted. Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) housed in the sensilla on the olfactory appendages send their axons into the antennal lobes (ALs), the primary olfactory center in the brain, where the OSNs expressing the same olfactory receptors converge upon the same spherical structures known as glomeruli in the AL. The structure of the antennal lobe, that is, the spatial organization of the glomeruli, governs the insect's odor identification and discrimination. Drosophila studies have demonstrated the specific connections between receptors and glomeruli based on the 3D structure of the antennal lobe, deepening our understanding of the relationships between glomerular activities and behaviors, but as yet the structure of the Cx. quinquefasciatus antennal lobe remains unknown. We therefore constructed a 3D model of the Cx. quinquefasciatus antennal lobe using nc82 antibody staining, identifying 62 and 44 glomeruli in the female and male mosquito antennal lobe, respectively, with a significant sexual dimorphism in terms of the antennal lobe volume and glomerulus number. These results demonstrate the structural basis of mosquito odor coding and provide a platform for future studies of the mosquito olfactory signal processing mechanism.
Remote memory of drug experiences coexists with cognitive decline and abnormal adult neurogenesis in an animal model of cocaine‐altered cognition
Authors: Mañas‐Padilla M. Carmen , Gil‐Rodríguez Sara , Sampedro‐Piquero Patricia , Ávila‐Gámiz Fabiola , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando , Santín Luis J. , Castilla‐Ortega Estela 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCocaine addiction is a chronic disorder in which the person loses control over drug use. The past memories of the stimuli associated with the drug are a relevant clinical problem, since they trigger compulsive drug‐seeking and drug‐taking habits. Furthermore, these persistent drug‐related memories seemingly coexist with cognitive decline that predicts worse therapeutic output. Here, we use a new animal model of cocaine‐altered cognition that allowed to observe these events in the same individual and study their relationship. Mice were chronically administered cocaine in a conditioned place preference (CPP) apparatus for 14 days, and control mice received saline. After 28 days of cocaine withdrawal, animals were tested for retrieval of remote drug–associated memory as well as for cognitive performance in a battery of tests, including novel object and place recognition and spatial memory. The cocaine‐withdrawn mice showed persistent CPP memory while impaired in the cognitive tasks, displaying deficits in reference memory acquisition and working memory. However, the CPP expression was not associated with the defective cognitive performance, indicating that they were concomitant but independent occurrences. After completion of the experiment, adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) was studied as a relevant neurobiological correlate due to its potential role in both learning and drug addiction. Results suggested a preserved basal AHN in the cocaine‐withdrawn mice but an aberrant learning‐induced regulation of these neurons. This paradigm may be useful to investigate maladaptive cognition in drug addiction as well as related therapies.
Consumers’ perception of CSR motives in a post‐socialist society: The case of Serbia
Authors: Vuković Andrea , Miletić Ljiljana , Čurčić Radmila , Ničić Milica 
Published: February 2020

AbstractQuestionnaire‐based consumer research was conducted in Serbia, as a country in a long post‐socialist transition. The focus was on consumers’ opinions of benefits and attitudes which motivate companies to act in a socially responsible way. Analysis resulted in a division of CSR motives into two main clusters: cluster I—stakeholder and value‐driven motives, and cluster II—egoistic motives, performance, and market‐driven motives. The division obviously concerned motives which were the socialist legacy (endogenous motives in cluster I), and motives imported from open market economies (exogenous motives in cluster II). Consumers’ perceptions are significantly different for endogenous and exogenous CSR motives. Exogenous motives are perceived as principal companies’ motives to practice CSR, but there are no significant correlations between the perception of these motives and consumers’ purchase decisions. Endogenous, value, and stakeholder‐driven motives are perceived in a significantly lower degree as CSR motivators with highly divided consumers’ opinions and female consumers rating them significantly higher. Consumers’ purchase decisions are in a statistically significant positive correlation with attribution of endogenous, value, and stakeholders’ needs‐driven motives.
Regulation of ICa,L and force by PDEs in human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Saleem Umber , Ismaili Djemail , Mannhardt Ingra , Pinnschmidt Hans , Schulze Thomas , Christ Torsten , Eschenhagen Thomas , Hansen Arne 
Published: February 2020

Background and PurposePhosphodiesterases (PDEs) are important regulators of β‐adrenoceptor signalling in the heart. While PDE4 is the most important isoform that regulates ICa,L and force in rodent cardiomyocytes, the dominant isoform in adult human cardiomyocytes is PDE3.Experimental ApproachGiven the potential of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) for biomedical research, this study characterized the contribution of PDE3 and PDE4 isoforms to the regulation of ICa,L and force in hiPSC‐CMs in an engineered heart tissue (EHT) model.Key ResultsThere was a lower abundance of mRNA for PDE3A and 4A in hiPSC‐CM EHT than in non‐failing human heart samples. Selective inhibition of PDE3 and 4 with cilostamide and rolipram, respectively, showed that, in hiPSC‐CM, PDE4 was the predominant isoform for the regulation of ICa,L (cilostamide: +1.44‐fold; rolipram: +1.77‐fold). Furthermore, in contrast to cilostamide, rolipram decreased the EC50 of isoprenaline about 15‐fold.Conclusion and implicationsThe predominance of PDE4 over PDE3 is a peculiarity of hiPSC‐CMs and is probably an indicator of immaturity. This finding has implications for the use of hiPSC‐CM as pharmacological models to investigate and assess the effects of PDE inhibitors.
Advancing Scientific Integrity, Transparency, and Openness in Child Development Research: Challenges and Possible Solutions
Authors: Gilmore Rick O. , Cole Pamela M. , Verma Suman , van Aken Marcel A.G , Worthman Carol M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn 2019, the Governing Council of the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) adopted a Policy on Scientific Integrity, Transparency, and Openness (SRCD, 2019a) and accompanying Author Guidelines on Scientific Integrity and Openness in Child Development (SRCD, 2019b). In this issue, a companion article (Gennetian, Tamis‐LeMonda, & Frank) discusses the opportunities to realize SRCD’s vision for a science of child development that is open, transparent, robust, and impactful. In this article, we discuss some of the challenges associated with realizing SRCD’s vision. In identifying these challenges—protecting participants and researchers from harm, respecting diversity, and balancing the benefits of change with the costs—we also offer constructive solutions.
A recurrent pathogenic variant in TPM2 reveals further phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity in multiple pterygium syndrome‐related disorders
Authors: Vogt Julie , Al‐Saedi Atif , Willis Tracey , Male Alison , McKie Arthur , Kiely Nigel , Maher Eamonn R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultiple pterygium syndrome (MPS) disorders are a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by multiple joint contractures (arthrogryposis), pterygia (joint webbing) and other developmental defects. MPS is most frequently inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion but X‐linked and autosomal dominant forms also occur. Advances in genomic technologies have identified many genetic causes of MPS‐related disorders and genetic diagnosis requires large targeted next generation sequencing gene panels or genome‐wide sequencing approaches. Using the Illumina TruSightOne clinical exome assay, we identified a recurrent heterozygous missense substitution in TPM2 (encoding beta tropomyosin) in three unrelated individuals. This was confirmed to have arisen as a de novo event in the two patients with parental samples. TPM2 mutations have previously been described in association with a variety of dominantly inherited neuromuscular phenotypes including nemaline myopathy, congenital fibre‐type disproportion, distal arthrogryposis and trismus pseudocamptodactyly, and in a patient with autosomal recessive Escobar syndrome and a nemaline myopathy. The three cases reported here had overlapping but variable features. Our findings expand the range of TMP2‐related phenotypes and indicate that de novo TMP2 mutations should be considered in isolated cases of MPS‐related conditions.
Bone formation around two titanium implant surfaces placed in bone defects with and without a bone substitute material: A histological, histomorphometric, and micro‐computed tomography evaluation
Authors: Trento Guilherme , de A. Carvalho Pedro Henrique , de C. Reis Erik N. R. , Spin‐Neto Rubens , Bassi Ana Paula F. , Pereira‐Filho Valfrido Antonio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the histological and microtomographic response of peri‐implant bone tissue around titanium implants with different surface treatments, placed in bone defects filled or not filled with bone substitute materials.Materials and MethodsThirty rabbits were divided into two groups according to the implant surface treatment. A bone defect was created in both tibias of all the rabbits, followed by the placement of one implant in each of these defects. On the left tibia, the defect was filled with a blood clot (BC), and on the right tibia, the defect was filled with biphasic hydroxyapatite/β‐tricalcium‐phosphate (HA/TCP); thus, there were four groups in total: BC‐N: bone defect filled with a BC and porous surface titanium implant (control group); BC‐A: bone defect filled with a BC and porous‐hydrophilic surface titanium implant; HA/TCP‐N: bone defect filled with a bone substitute material and porous surface titanium implant; HA/TCP‐A: bone defect filled with a bone substitute material and porous‐hydrophilic surface titanium implant. The animals were submitted for euthanasia at three distinct periods: 15, 30, and 60 days after implant installation. The samples were evaluated histologically and histometrically, to assess the quantity and quality of cells and the remaining bone substitute material in the grafted areas. The bone quantity was assessed by micro‐computed tomography (CT).ResultsFor both surface types, the presence of a bone substitute material led to higher values in all evaluated micro‐CT parameters, except in the bone surface/volume ratio parameter. No significant statistical difference was found for new bone formation between the four groups (P < .05; CI 95%). At all periods, the HA/TCP‐A group had a higher percentage of new bone formation.ConclusionThese results suggest that a porous hydrophilic surface in the presence of bone substitute material can accelerate peri‐implant bone tissue formation.
Sex differences of hemodynamics during acute vasoreactivity testing to predict the outcomes of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Yang Yi‐Lan , Yu Yan‐Zhe , Yuan Ping , Gong Su‐Gang , Wang Chuan‐Yu , Li Yuan , Zhao Qin‐Hua , Jiang Rong , Wu Wen‐Hui , He Jing , Guo Jian , Luo Ci‐Jun , Qiu Hong‐Ling , Li Jin‐Ling , Wang Lan , Xie Wei‐Ping , Liu Jin‐Ming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute vasoreactivity testing (AVT) which reflects the compliance of the pulmonary vascular bed has been proven to be of prognostic value. The purpose of the present study is to explore the sex differences of hemodynamics during the AVT and their impact on event‐free survival in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).MethodsEighty‐six patients underwent a right heart catheterization and AVT at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from February 2009 to February 2018. Univariate and multiple stepwise regression analysis were performed to determine the predictors of independent event‐free survival, and receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to determine the cut‐off value of independent parameters in CTEPH.ResultsThere were no significant differences in both demographics and hemodynamics between male and female patients with CTEPH. Except ΔPVR/PVR showed a significantly higher difference in female than male patients (P = 0.034). Male patients had higher mRAP of pre‐ and post‐AVT than female patients in the event‐free subgroup, while, female patients showed higher PVR of pre‐AVT than male patients in the event subgroup (P < 0.05). The mRAP and SvO2 were independent predictors of event‐free survival in female patients both before and after the AVT, whereas ΔSvO2 was an independent predictor of event‐free survival in male patients.ConclusionHemodynamics during the AVT varied between male and female patients with CTEPH. Both sexes displayed unique hemodynamic responses that were independently able to predict event‐free survival. Therefore, better estimates of prognosis in CTEPH can be made when sex differences are also taken into consideration.
Relationship between nocturnal blood pressure patterns and end organ damage and diastolic dysfunction in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Oreschak Kris , Wolfel Eugene E. , Saba Laura M. , Ambardekar Amrut V. , Lindenfeld JoAnn , Aquilante Christina L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed the relationship between circadian blood pressure (BP) patterns and clinical outcomes in a contemporary cohort of adult heart transplant recipients.MethodsThis retrospective, cross‐sectional study included adult heart transplant recipients at least 6 months post‐transplant. Ambulatory BP measurements were recorded over 24 hours. Nondippers were defined as a decline in average nighttime BP ≤ 10% compared with daytime. Primary outcomes were the presence of end organ damage, that is, microalbuminuria, chronic kidney disease, and/or left ventricular hypertrophy. Secondary outcomes were measures of diastolic dysfunction (ie, mitral valve deceleration time, e/e′, E/A, and isovolumetric relaxation time), microalbumin/creatinine ratio, eGFR, interventricular septal thickness, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness.ResultsOf 30 patients, 53.3% (n = 16) were systolic nondippers and 40% (n = 12) were diastolic nondippers. Diastolic nondippers had three times higher urine microalbumin/creatinine ratios than diastolic dippers (P = .03). Systolic nondippers had 16.3% lower mitral valve deceleration time (P = .05) than systolic dippers, while diastolic nondippers had 20.4% higher e/e′ (P = .05) than diastolic dippers. There were no significant relationships between BP dipping status and any of the primary outcomes.ConclusionsThese data suggest that systolic and diastolic nondipping BP patterns are associated with subclinical kidney damage and diastolic dysfunction in heart transplant recipients.
Buyer Engagement and Labour Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Bangladesh Accord and Beyond
Authors: Oka Chikako , Egels‐Zandén Niklas , Alexander Rachel 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh (‘the Accord’) has received both praise and criticism concerning its implications for corporate responsibility and power. This article contributes to the debate by situating the Accord within a broader set of activities that buyers are engaged in to promote better labour conditions in their supply chains. The authors identify three approaches of buyer engagement: auditing, capacity building and advocacy. Drawing on interviews conducted with European brands and retailers, the article shows how buyers perceive the merits and challenges of these approaches, and whether and how they discharge responsibility and power through these activities. The study shows that the Accord is seen primarily as part of the auditing approach with a key feature being its use of collective leverage as a means of enforcement. While greater buyer power has not necessarily been accompanied by greater responsibility, the article highlights heterogeneity among buyers in how they take up different approaches, painting a more nuanced picture of buyer responsibility and power.