bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote ischemic conditioning combined with intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: He Yao‐De , Guo Zhen‐Ni , Qin Chen , Jin Hang , Zhang Peng , Abuduxukuer Reziya , Yang Yi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) combined with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsPatients with AIS who underwent IVT were enrolled and 1:1 randomized to the RIC group and sham‐RIC group in this study. RIC (or sham‐RIC) was performed twice within 6–24 h of IVT. The subjects in the two groups were followed up for 90 days. The safety outcome included the ratio of hemorrhagic transformation (HT), adverse events during the follow‐up, blood pressure within the first 24 h after IVT, and laboratory tests 24 h after IVT. The efficacy outcome included the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score during the follow‐up, and level of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) tested 24 h after IVT.ResultsForty‐nine patients (24 in the RIC group and 25 in the sham‐RIC group) were recruited. No significant difference was observed in the ratio of HT, adverse events, blood pressure, coagulation function or liver function between groups. In addition, there was no significant difference in mRS score and NIHSS score during the follow‐up between groups. However, patients in the RIC group exhibited a significant lower level of hs‐CRP compared with the control group (P = 0.048).InterpretationRIC combined with IVT is safe in the treatment of AIS. The neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects of this therapy warrant further study on a larger scale.
A Metal‐Free Synthesis of N‐Aryl Oxazolidin‐2‐Ones by the One‐Pot Reaction of Carbon Dioxide with N‐Aryl Aziridines
Authors: Sonzini Paolo , Damiano Caterina , Intrieri Daniela , Manca Gabriele , Gallo Emma 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe cost‐effective TPPH2/TBACl‐catalyzed (TPPH2=dianion of tetraphenyl porphyrin; TBACl=tetrabutyl ammonium chloride) carbon dioxide cycloaddition to N‐aryl aziridines was successful in synthesizing N‐aryl oxazolidin‐2‐ones. A catalytic tandem reaction was also developed, in which N‐aryl aziridines were initially synthesized and then reacted with carbon dioxide without being purified. The procedure occurred with a very high atom economy, molecular nitrogen being the only by‐product of the entire tandem process. In addition, the mechanism of catalytic cycle was investigated by DFT calculations.magnified image
Palladium‐Catalyzed Phosphoryl‐Carbamoylation of Alkenes: Construction of Nonbenzylic C(sp3)−P(O)R2 Bonds via C(sp3)−Pd(II)−P(O)R2 Reductive Elimination
Authors: Chen Chen , Sun Wan , Yan Yan , Yang Fang , Wang Yuebo , Zhu Yan‐Ping , Liu Liying , Zhu Bolin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report the first example of palladium‐catalyzed phosphoryl‐carbamoylation of alkene‐tethered carbamoyl chlorides with P(O)H compounds. Both H‐phosphinates and secondary phosphine oxides are compatible with this reaction. DPE‐Phos was used as ligand to facilitate nonbenzylic C(sp3)−P bonds formations via C(sp3)−Pd(II)−P reductive elimination. By using this protocol, a range of phosphorylated oxindoles and lactams were obtained in moderate to good yields.magnified image
Process intensification of CO2 absorption using a 3D printed intensified packing device
Authors: Miramontes Eduardo , Jiang Ella A. , Love Lonnie J. , Lai Canhai , Sun Xin , Tsouris Costas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study presents a first of its kind demonstration of successful enhancement of CO2 chemical absorption, under selected conditions, using a process intensification approach. A multifunctional device that integrates contact of phases and heat exchange has been developed, characterized, and tested. Heat transfer analysis has demonstrated the efficacy of the device as a heat exchanger, and mass transfer results have shown substantial improvement in the uptake of CO2 under a range of operating conditions.
Visible Light‐Triggered β‐Allylation of Indoles Using Baylis‐Hillman Bromides
Authors: Kumar Gupta Prince , Kumar Yadav Arvind , Nand Singh Krishna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA facile regioselective β‐allylation of indoles has been accomplished employing Baylis‐Hillman bromides as allyl source under visible light photoredox catalysis in the presence of Ru(bpy)3Cl2.6H2O and blue LED.
Comparison of Core Features in Four Developmental Encephalopathies in the Rett Natural History Study
Authors: Cutri‐French Clare , Armstrong Dallas , Saby Joni , Gorman Casey , Lane Jane , Fu Cary , Peters Sarika U. , Percy Alan , Neul Jeffrey L. , Marsh Eric D. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveRett syndrome, CDKL5‐deficiency disorder, FOXG1 disorder, and MECP2 duplication disorder are developmental encephalopathies with shared and distinct features. Although they are historically linked, no direct comparison has been performed. The first head‐to‐head comparison of clinical features in these conditions is presented.MethodsComprehensive clinical information was collected from 793 individuals enrolled in the Rett and Rett‐Related Disorders Natural History Study. Clinical features including clinical severity, regression, and seizures were cross‐sectionally compared between diagnoses to test the hypothesis that these are 4 distinct disorders.ResultsDistinct patterns of clinical severity, seizure onset age, and regression were present. Individuals with CDKL5‐deficency disorder were the most severely affected and had the youngest age at seizure onset (2 months), whereas children with MECP2 duplication syndrome had the oldest median age at seizure onset (64 months) and lowest severity scores. Rett syndrome and FOGX1 were intermediate in both features. Smaller head circumference correlates with increased severity in all disorders and earlier age at seizure onset in MECP2 duplication syndrome. Developmental regression occurred in all Rett syndrome participants (median = 18 months) but only 23 to 34% of the other disorders. Seizure incidence prior to the baseline visit was highest for CDKL5 deficiency disorder (96.2%) and lowest for Rett syndrome (47.5%). Other clinical features including seizure types and frequency differed among groups.InterpretationAlthough these developmental encephalopathies share many clinical features, clear differences in severity, regression, and seizures warrant considering them as unique disorders. These results will aid in the development of disease‐specific severity scales, precise therapeutics, and future clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:396–406.
Distannylated Bithiophene Imide: Enabling High‐Performance n‐Type Polymer Semiconductors with an Acceptor–Acceptor Backbone
Authors: Shi Yongqiang , Guo Han , Huang Jiachen , Zhang Xianhe , Wu Ziang , Yang Kun , Zhang Yujie , Feng Kui , Woo Han Young , Ortiz Rocio Ponce , Zhou Ming , Guo Xugang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA distannylated electron‐deficient bithiophene imide (BTI‐Tin) monomer was synthesized and polymerized with imide‐functionalized co‐units to afford homopolymer PBTI and copolymer P(BTI‐BTI2), both featuring an acceptor–acceptor backbone with high molecular weight. Both polymers exhibited excellent unipolar n‐type character in transistors with electron mobility up to 2.60 cm2 V−1 s−1. When applied as acceptor materials in all‐polymer solar cells, PBTI and P(BTI‐BTI2) achieved high power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.67 % and 8.61 %, respectively. The PCE (6.67 %) of polymer PBTI, synthesized from the distannylated monomer, is much higher than that (0.14 %) of the same polymer PBTI*, synthesized from typical dibrominated monomer. The 8.61 % PCE of copolymer P(BTI‐BTI2) is also higher than those (<1 %) of homopolymers synthesized from dibrominated monomers. The results demonstrate the success of BTI‐Tin for accessing n‐type polymers with greatly improved device performance.
Counterion‐Dictated Self‐Cleaning Behavior of Polycation Coating upon Water Action: Macroscopic Dissection of Hydration of Anions
Authors: Tao Qi , Huang Shu , Li Xu , Chu Xue‐Feng , Lu Xiaolin , Wang Dayang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe counterions of polydiallyldimethylammonium (PDADMA) coatings were altered by incubation in aqueous solutions of different electrolytes. Oil de‐wetting on the resulting polycationic surfaces upon water action exhibited a straightforward connection with the Jones–Dole viscosity B‐coefficient (Bη) sign of surface counteranions. Upon water action, surface counteranions with negative Bη render PDADMA coatings oil‐adhering, but those with positive Bη furnish PDADMA coatings with excellent self‐cleaning. The oil‐adhering PDADMA surfaces can become self‐cleaning upon water action in response to the Bη of surface counteranions sign‐switching with increasing water temperature. Courtesy of surface counter‐anions with Bη>0, self‐cleaning PDADMA coatings enable not only conversion of conventional meshes into self‐cleaning membranes for oil/water separation, but also regioselective maneuver of oil flow on polycationic surfaces according to the Bη sign of surface counteranions patterned atop.
Der Einfluss von Aggregation auf die Photophysik von spiroverbrückten Heterotriangulenen
Authors: Krug Marcel , Wagner Maximilian , Schaub Tobias A. , Zhang Wen‐Shan , Schüßlbauer Christoph M. , Ascherl Johannes D. R. , Münich Peter W. , Schröder Rasmus R. , Gröhn Franziska , Dral Pavlo O. , Barbatti Mario , Guldi Dirk M. , Kivala Milan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWir berichten über den Einfluss des zentralen Heteroatoms auf strukturelle, elektronische und spektroskopische Eigenschaften innerhalb einer Serie von spirofluorenverbrückten Heterotriangulenen sowie deren Aggregationsverhalten. Die Untersuchung der Molekülstrukturen mittels NMR‐Spektroskopie und Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse wurde durch Berechnungen auf Basis von Dichtefunktionaltheorie ergänzt. Eine umfassende photophysikalische Analyse zeigte, dass sich die komplexen Fluoreszenzspektren aus Beiträgen der Fluorenseitengruppen und des heteroaromatischen Kerns zusammensetzen. Über einzelne Moleküle hinaus untersuchten wir das Aggregationsverhalten dieser Heterotriangulene in THF/H2O‐Mischungen mittels statischer und dynamischer Lichtstreuung. Im angeregten Zustand ähnelten die intermolekularen Wechselwirkungen innerhalb der Aggregate denen im Festkörper. Eine Vielzahl an Morphologien und Superstrukturen wurden mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie nach dem Drop‐Casting der Dispersionen beobachtet.
Stretchable Perovskite Solar Cells with Recoverable Performance
Authors: Meng Xiangchuan , Xing Zhi , Hu Xiaotian , Huang Zengqi , Hu Ting , Tan Licheng , Li Fengyu , Chen Yiwang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising photovoltaic technology for stretchable applications because of their flexible, light‐weight, and low‐cost characteristics. However, the fragility of crystals and poor crystallinity of perovskite on stretchable substrates results in performance loss. In fact, grain boundary defects are the “Achilles’ heel” of optoelectronic and mechanical stability. We incorporate a self‐healing polyurethane (s‐PU) with dynamic oxime–carbamate bonds as a scaffold into the perovskite films, which simultaneously enhances crystallinity and passivates the grain boundary of the perovskite films. The stretchable PSCs with s‐PU deliver a stabilized efficiency of 19.15 % with negligible hysteresis, which is comparable to the performance on rigid substrates. The PSCs can maintain over 90 % of their initial efficiency after 3000 hours in air because of their self‐encapsulating structure. Importantly, the self‐healing function of the s‐PU scaffold was verified in situ. The s‐PU can release mechanical stress and repair cracks at the grain boundary on multiple levels. The devices recover 88 % of their original efficiency after 1000 cycles at 20 % stretch. We believe that this ingenious growth strategy for crystalline semiconductors will facilitate development of flexible and stretchable electronics.
The Rb7Bi3−3xSb3xCl16 Family: A Fully Inorganic Solid Solution with Room‐Temperature Luminescent Members
Authors: Benin Bogdan M. , McCall Kyle M. , Wörle Michael , Morad Viktoriia , Aebli Marcel , Yakunin Sergii , Shynkarenko Yevhen , Kovalenko Maksym V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLow‐dimensional ns2‐metal halide compounds have received immense attention for applications in solid‐state lighting, optical thermometry and thermography, and scintillation. However, these are based primarily on the combination of organic cations with toxic Pb2+ or unstable Sn2+, and a stable inorganic luminescent material has yet to be found. Here, the zero‐dimensional Rb7Sb3Cl16 phase, comprised of isolated [SbCl6]3− octahedra and edge‐sharing [Sb2Cl10]4− dimers, shows room‐temperature photoluminescence (RT PL) centered at 560 nm with a quantum yield of 3.8±0.2 % at 296 K (99.4 % at 77 K). The temperature‐dependent PL lifetime rivals that of previous low‐dimensional materials with a specific temperature sensitivity above 0.06 K−1 at RT, making it an excellent thermometric material. Utilizing both DFT and chemical substitution with Bi3+ in the Rb7Bi3−3xSb3xCl16 (x≤1) family, we present the edge‐shared [Sb2Cl10]4− dimer as a design principle for Sb‐based luminescent materials.
A Highly Selective and Sensitive Chemiluminescent Probe for Real‐Time Monitoring of Hydrogen Peroxide in Cells and Animals
Authors: Ye Sen , Hananya Nir , Green Ori , Chen Hansen , Zhao Angela Qian , Shen Jiangang , Shabat Doron , Yang Dan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSelective and sensitive molecular probes for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which plays diverse roles in oxidative stress and redox signaling, are urgently needed to investigate the physiological and pathological effects of H2O2. A lack of reliable tools for in vivo imaging has hampered the development of H2O2 mediated therapeutics. By combining a specific tandem Payne/Dakin reaction with a chemiluminescent scaffold, H2O2‐CL‐510 was developed as a highly selective and sensitive probe for detection of H2O2 both in vitro and in vivo. A rapid 430‐fold enhancement of chemiluminescence was triggered directly by H2O2 without any laser excitation. Arsenic trioxide induced oxidative damage in leukemia was successfully detected. In particular, cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury‐induced H2O2 fluxes were visualized in rat brains using H2O2‐CL‐510, providing a new chemical tool for real‐time monitoring of H2O2 dynamics in living animals.
Crystals of Benzamide, the First Polymorphous Molecular Compound, Are Helicoidal
Authors: Shtukenberg Alexander G. , Drori Ran , Sturm Elena V. , Vidavsky Netta , Haddad Asaf , Zheng Jason , Estroff Lara A. , Weissman Haim , Wolf Sharon G. , Shimoni Eyal , Li Chao , Fellah Noalle , Efrati Efi , Kahr Bart 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe growth of spontaneously twisted crystals is a common but poorly understood phenomenon. An analysis of the formation of twisted crystals of a metastable benzamide polymorph (form II) crystallizing from highly supersaturated aqueous and ethanol solutions is given here. Benzamide, the first polymorphic molecular crystal reported (1832), would have been the first helicoidal crystal observed had the original authors undertaken an analysis by light microscopy. Polymorphism and twisting frequently concur as they are both associated with high thermodynamic driving forces for crystallization. Optical and electron microscopies as well as electron and powder X‐ray diffraction reveal a complex lamellar structure of benzamide form II needle‐like crystals. The internal stress produced by the overgrowth of lamellae is shown to be able to create a twist moment that is responsible for the observed non‐classical morphologies.
Rational Design of Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes for Three‐Photon Phosphorescence Bioimaging
Authors: Jin Chengzhi , Liang Fengyin , Wang Jinquan , Wang Lili , Liu Jiangping , Liao Xinxing , Rees Thomas W. , Yuan Bo , Wang Hui , Shen Yong , Pei Zhong , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCompared to 2PE (two‐photon excitation) microscopy, 3PE microscopy has superior spatial resolution, deeper tissue penetration, and less defocused interference. The design of suitable agents with a large Stokes shift, good three‐photon absorption (3PA), subcellular targeting, and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) properties, is challenging. Now, two IrIII complexes (3PAIr1 and 3PAIr2) were developed as efficient three‐photon phosphorescence (3PP) agents. Calculations reveal that the introduction of a new group to the molecular scaffold confers a quadruple promotion in three‐photon transition probability. Confocal and lifetime imaging of mitochondria using IrIII complexes as 3PP agents is shown. The complexes exhibit low working concentration (50 nm), fast uptake (5 min), and low threshold for three‐photon excitation power (0.5 mW at 980 nm). The impressive tissue penetration depth (ca. 450 μm) allowed the 3D imaging and reconstruction of brain vasculature from a living specimen.
Chain Mail for Catalysts
Authors: Yu Liang , Deng Dehui , Bao Xinhe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEncapsulating transition‐metal nanoparticles inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or spheres has emerged as a novel strategy for designing highly durable nonprecious‐metal catalysts. The stable carbon layer protects the inner metal core from the destructive reaction environment and thus is described as chain mail for catalysts. Electron transfer from the active metal core to the carbon layer stimulates unique catalytic activity on the carbon surface, which has been utilized extensively in a variety of catalytic reaction systems. Here, we elaborate the underlying working principle of chain mail for catalysts as well as the key factors that determine their catalytic properties, and provide insights into the physicochemical nature of such catalyst architectures for further application of the strategy in rational catalyst design.
The Impact of Aggregation on the Photophysics of Spiro‐Bridged Heterotriangulenes
Authors: Krug Marcel , Wagner Maximilian , Schaub Tobias A. , Zhang Wen‐Shan , Schüßlbauer Christoph M. , Ascherl Johannes D. R. , Münich Peter W. , Schröder Rasmus R. , Gröhn Franziska , Dral Pavlo O. , Barbatti Mario , Guldi Dirk M. , Kivala Milan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report on the impact of the central heteroatom on structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of a series of spirofluorene‐bridged heterotriangulenes and provide a detailed study on their aggregates. The in‐depth analysis of their molecular structure by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography was further complemented by density functional theory calculations. With the aid of extensive photophysical analysis the complex fluorescence spectra were deconvoluted showing contributions from the peripheral fluorenes and the heteroaromatic cores. Beyond the molecular scale, we examined the aggregation behavior of these heterotriangulenes in THF/H2O mixtures and analyzed the aggregates by static and dynamic light scattering. The excited‐state interactions within the aggregates were found to be similar to those found in the solid state. A plethora of morphologies and superstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy of drop‐casted dispersions.
Activation of a Metal‐Halogen Bond by Halogen Bonding
Authors: Wolf Julian , Huber Florian , Erochok Nikita , Heinen Flemming , Guérin Vincent , Legault Claude Y. , Kirsch Stefan F. , Huber Stefan M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn recent years, the non‐covalent interaction of halogen bonding (XB) has found increasing application in organocatalysis. However, reports of the activation of metal‐ligand bonds by XB have so far been limited to a few reactions with elemental iodine or bromine. Herein, we present the activation of metal‐halogen bonds by two classes of inert halogen bond donors and the use of the resulting activated complexes in homogenous gold catalysis. The only recently explored class of iodolium derivatives were shown to be effective activators in two test reactions and their activity could be modulated by blocking of the Lewis acidic sites. Bis(benzimidazolium)‐based halogen bonding activators provided even more rapid conversion, while the non‐iodinated reference compound showed little activity. The role of halogen bonding in the activation of metal‐halogen bonds was further investigated by NMR experiments and DFT calculations, which support the mode of activation occurring via halogen bonding.
Efficient Production of 1,3‐Dioleoyl‐2‐Palmitoylglycerol through Rhodococcus opacus Fermentation
Authors: Zhang Lin‐Shang , Chu Mei‐Yun , Zong Min‐Hua , Yang Ji‐Guo , Lou Wen‐Yong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract1,3‐Dioleoyl‐2‐palmitoylglycerol (OPO) is the main triacylglycerol species in human milk‐fat substitute. The production of OPO is of considerable research interest. In this study, a new strategy for producing OPO by fermentation with R. opacus is proposed. Chemically Interesterified fat (high oleic acid sunflower oil/hydrogenated palm oil 1.73:1 w/w), or a mixture of ethyl oleate/ethyl palmitate 2:1 (w/w) as a starting material. The highest biomass and oil content obtained were 3.3 g L−1 and 40.2% (dry cell weight), respectively. The yield of OPO was 0.62 g L−1. The fatty acid composition of produced OPO was 55.7–59.7% 18:1 and 28.3–29.8% 16:0, and the sn‐2 position was predominantly 16:0 (64.7–74.5%). 13C‐nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that the sn‐1,3 and sn‐2 positions were predominately esterified by 18:1 and 16:0, respectively. OPO (47.1%), OPL (13.9%), PPO (13.1%), and PPoO (16:0–16:1–18:1) (10.3%) were the most abundant triacylglycerol species.
Impact of operating conditions for the continuous‐flow removal of dye effluents in a fixed‐bed reactor using light expanded clay aggregate as a green adsorbent with ultrasound‐assisted desorption
Authors: Moradi Azin , Rahimpour Farshad , Salehi Mohammad Ali , Shojaeimehr Tahereh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe adsorption of Reactive Red 33 dye from aqueous solution onto light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) in a batch mode, fixed‐bed reactor has been investigated. The adsorption studies were determined as a function of dye initial concentration, pH, flow rate, temperature, and adsorbent size using response surface methodology. The maximum amount of dye removal (85.11%) was obtained in the optimized conditions (pH = 2, C0 = 20 mg/L, and T = 20°C; flow rate: 40 L/min and smaller size of LECA granules). Also, high‐frequency ultrasound waves have been applied for desorption process which improved the desorption efficiency by 81%. Equilibrium data are fitted well with Langmuir isotherm model and obeyed the Weber–Morris and external diffusion kinetic models. The exothermic nature and negative amount of Gibbs free energy change confirmed the spontaneous nature of this process. The maximum adsorption capacity, qmax, as estimated by Langmuir isotherm model was 1.363 mg/g.