bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principles of IP-Court Activity in Ukraine
Authors: Volovyk S. V. 
Published: August 2020

The principles of IP-court activity in Ukraine have been studied. It has been emphasized that the urgent issues currently are to review the existing approaches to reforming the judicial system of Ukraine, based on the gained experience of establishing specialized courts, defining principles as guidelines for the functioning of IP-court in Ukraine as the Higher Specialized Judicial System of Ukraine.
The concept of “principles” and their classification have been defined. The author has noted the importance of international principles of court activity in Ukraine. The regulatory base of courts activity has been characterized, where the principles of functioning of courts and judges in Ukraine have been defined. The author has singled out such an international legal document as the Basic Principles of Judicial Agencies’ Independence, which enshrines the following principles of IP-court activity in Ukraine: the principle of judicial agencies’ independence; the principle of freedom of speech and associations; the principle of qualification, selection and training; the principle of professional secrecy and immunity.
The category of “principles of IP-court activity in Ukraine” has been offered to understand as a set of guiding (fundamental) ideas, grounds, principles of operation and functioning of IP-court in Ukraine that ensure the proper administration of justice, respect for rights and fundamental freedoms during the trial and ensuring the right to a fair trial.
The principles of the IP-court activity in Ukraine are as follows: 1) general and legal: the rule of law principle; the principle of observance of human rights and fundamental human and civil freedoms; the principle of legality; the principle of openness and transparency of court proceedings; the principle of political or other impartiality; the principle of reasonable terms; 2) special principles of IP-court activity in Ukraine: the principle of independence of judicial agencies; the principle of freedom of speech and associations; principle of qualification; the principle of professional secrecy.
It has been concluded that enshrining the principles of operation and functioning of the Supreme Court on Intellectual Property Issues in the Law of Ukraine “On the Supreme Court on Intellectual Property Issues” will increase the efficiency of the judicial system of Ukraine and significantly affect the authority and prestige of IP-court in Ukraine.
Financial and Legal Regulation of the Security of Economic Activity
Authors: Getmanets O. P. 
Published: August 2020

The author of the article studies financial relations between the state and business entities, whose legal regulation has a significant impact on the security of economic activity as an important component of national security. The author analyzes internal and external factors affecting the finances that are at the disposal of business entities, the state of which depends on the security of economic activity. The components of financial security of business entities are studied from the point of view of organization of finances and management of the movement of financial resources, ensured by the financial and legal regulation by the state. The directions of financial and legal regulation of the security of economic activity are analyzed as an important condition for ensuring the stability, sustainability and efficiency of the movement of finances at the level of business entities.
It has been established that the legal provision of financial security of business entities is based on regulatory basis that defines the principles, methods, functions and powers of public authorities’ activity and activity of local self-government agencies in all components of the financial system, namely in budgetary, tax, currency, banking, investment, etc., in particular in the area of financial control, which facilitates the establishment of the legitimacy of financial activities and the rational use of finances. It has been determined that there is no regulatory support for financial security at all levels of the economy, including the activity of business entities, as a coherent state policy. The author proves the expediency of developing and implementing a law defining the types of threats to the stability of financial activity and the principles of counteraction, the powers of the state authorities to counteract, prevent and eliminate the threats in the financial sphere, the components of the mechanism of protection of financial interests of business entities. It has been established that financial control is the component of financial activity of business entities, and therefore the Law of Ukraine “On the Basic Principles of Exercising State Financial Control in Ukraine” needs to be improved regarding the methods and types of financial control, powers of controlling entities in order to ensure the security of economic activity.
State Control and State Supervision in the Pharmaceutical Field: Problems of Differentiation
Authors: Khovpun О. S. 
Published: August 2020

The author of the article has studied the essence and content of state control and state supervision in the pharmaceutical sphere.
The purpose of the article is to study state control and state supervision in the pharmaceutical field and substantiate the need to distinguish between these two concepts at the regulatory level.
The methodological basis of the article is a set of general scientific and special research methods. In particular, the logical and semantic method has assisted to identify shortcomings in the current legislation of Ukraine on the use of the terms of “state control” and “state supervision” in the pharmaceutical field.
Analyzed scientific views on the understanding of state control and state supervision and the provisions of regulatory acts, where these two concepts are used, allowed us to conclude that Ukraine has currently an urgent need to distinguish between the concepts of “state control” and “state supervision” within current regulatory acts. After all, these two concepts in their content are not identical, have different meanings, objectives, goals. The necessity of differentiation between the state control and state supervision in the pharmaceutical sphere has been substantiated.
It has been offered to understand state supervision in the pharmaceutical sector as a set of actions and measures aimed at monitoring and collecting information on compliance with the requirements, norms and standards regulating the activities of business entities in the pharmaceutical sector. Based on the results of the state supervision one can carry out state control, which should be understood as a set of actions and measures aimed at ensuring legality and discipline at all stages of production and sale of medicinal products, prevention of deviations and bringing into line with current legislation of Ukraine, as well as prosecuting guilty party.
It has been emphasized that a perspective area of further research is various aspects of regulating the activities of subjects of authoritative power exercising control and supervisory powers in the pharmaceutical field.
Importance of early detection of hemoglobinopathies in the pediatric population in developing countries
Authors: Aguirre Marisol , Medina Diego , Araujo Maria Valeria , Campo Maria Alejandra , Castro Andres , Fernandez Trujillo Liliana , Alcalá Mercedes , Sua Luz Fernanda 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Alertar al personal de la salud sobre la importancia de la detección temprana de las hemoglobinopatías, dado que es el trastorno monogénico recesivo más frecuente.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo del resultado de eletroforesis capilar (CE) de 152 pacientes entre 0 y 18 años que durante el año 2017 fueron evaluados por sospecha de hemoglobinopatías en un Hospital Universitario de Colombia. La información se tomó de los registros médicos y del Laboratorio de Hematología y Hemostasia, asegurando la privacidad de los datos y aprobado por el Comité de Ética local.Resultados: De 152 pacientes, 48,6% tenía entre 7 y 18 años. La frecuencia de hemoglobinopatías fue de 42,7%. La variante más frecuente fue el rasgo de células falciformes (Hb S) con 14,5%. El hematólogo fue el profesional que más frecuentemente solicitó EC.Discusión: Se detectó que las hemoglobinopatías se diagnostican usualmente en niños mayores de siete años. Esto puede favorecer las complicaciones y progresión de la enfermedad, y aumento en los costos de la salud. Se requiere más información y educación a los médicos generales y pediatras para un diagnóstico más temprano.
Percepción del equipo de salud sobre los beneficios del calostro como factor protector de enterocolitis necrotizante en recién nacidos prematuros
Authors: Rojas Beytía Juan Pablo , Cariaga Irarrázabal José , Castro Guerrero Francisca , Domingo Carrasco Paula , Fernández Pérez Keila , Pavez Ortiz Ivette , Iturrieta Guaita Nicole Ghislaine , Silva Dreyer Anamaría 
Published: August 2020

La incidencia de enterocolitis necrotizante (ECN), en Chile es de 0,3 a 2,4 por mil recién nacidos vivos, siendo principalmente afectados los neonatos prematuros, y de 8 a 12 por ciento en prematuros menores a 1.500 gramos.Objetivo: Describir la percepción de profesionales de salud sobre el uso de calostro en recién nacidos prematuros, como factor protector de enterocolitis necrotizante.Sujetos y Método: Estudio cualitativo, mediante entrevista semiestructurada a 18 profesionales de la salud en tres hospitales públicos de la región de Valparaíso. La pauta de entrevista incluyó 3 temas: Conocimientos, percepción del suministro temprano de calostro y opinión acerca de la extensión de la medida, y 6 subtemas, 2 para cada tema respectivamente: Autopercepción del nivel de conocimiento y fuentes de información; Experiencia: aspectos positivos/eventos adversos y opinión del calostro como factor protector de enterocolitis; aspectos facilitadores u obstaculizadores y opinión acerca de la medida como política nacional. Procesamiento de datos mediante análisis de contenido cualitativo, temático.Resultados: El uso de calostro en prematuros se da de modo protocolizado en dos de las tres unidades de alta complejidad neonatal de la región de Valparaíso. Los participantes opinan positivamente acerca de los resultados preventivos de esta medida. Aun cuando en un tercer establecimiento no se aplique, hay una percepción favorable acerca de su potencial beneficio y su bajo costo de implementación. Se señala, no obstante, que ésta requiere de mayor evidencia y de un protocolo de aplicación. Otras limitantes serían la insuficiente dotación y formación del personal, y la necesidad de adquirir equipamiento e insumos.Conclusiones: Profesionales que han aplicado un protocolo de administración de calostro en neonatos prematuros en la Región de Valparaíso, reportan buenos resultados de salud, y promueven la motivación del equipo hacia esta praxis. Sin embargo, se considera relevante la difusión y discusión de protocolos nacionales e internacionales, así como el desarrollo de investigación local. Dadas las experiencias en curso en Chile, y el debate internacional, se considera oportuno que el tema sea abordado y discutido en la comunidad sanitaria nacional.
Desenlace de los pacientes pediátricos con falla medular tratados en un centro de alta complejidad
Authors: Medina Valencia Diego , Estacio Mayra , Clarete Ana , Timarán Sofia , Manzi Eliana , Beltrán Gomez Estefanía , Franco Alexis A. 
Published: August 2020

Los síndromes de falla medular (SFM) son trastornos infrecuentes, con una incidencia anual de 2-4 casos por millón. Las opciones de tratamiento incluyen terapia de inmunosupresión (TIS) y restauración de la hematopoyesis con trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticas (TPH).Objetivo: Analizar los desenlaces de pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados con SFM tratados en una institución de alta complejidad.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de SFM que consultaron a la Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali. Se realizo análisis estadístico descriptivo según SFM adquirida (SFMA) y SFM congénita (SFMC). Los desenlaces incluyeron: tratamiento, complicaciones, supervivencia global (SG) en los trasplantados, calculada con el método KaplanMeier.Resultados: Se incluyeron 24 pacientes con SFM, edad 6,5 ± 4 años, 50% mujeres. El 58% fueron SFMC, 9 con anemia de Fanconi, 2 disqueratosis congénita, 2 trombocitopenia amegacariocítica congénita, uno anemia Diamond-Blackfan. Doce pacientes con TPH tuvieron SG a 5 años de 83%. SFMA correspondió al 42%, 6 recibieron TIS-TPH, 3 TIS y 1 TPH, la SG del grupo con TIS-TPH fue 86%. Seis pacientes fallecieron, 4/6 relacionadas con infección.Conclusiones: En esta serie fue mayor el número de casos con SFMC. La SG de los pacientes llevados a TPH es comparable con la reportada en estudios recientes. La causa de muerte predominante fue infecciosa que también se ha reportado previamente. El tratamiento instaurado en los pacientes de esta serie mostró resultados favorables en un centro de alta complejidad en un país latinoamericano.
Pengurusan Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan dan Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri: Satu Analisis Persamaan dan Perbezaan Fatwa Tahun 2000–2009
Authors: Mamat Zulfaqar , Mohamad Mohd Nasran , Omar Hydzulkifli Hashim 
Published: August 2020

Secara umumnya, terdapat dua institusi fatwa yang berpengaruh dan memainkan peranan dalam mengeluarkan fatwa di Malaysia iaitu Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia (MJFK) dan Jawatankuasa-Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri yang ditubuhkan pada peringkat Negeri-Negeri di Malaysia. Matlamat kajian ini ialah untuk mengenal pasti faktor-faktor persamaan dan juga perbezaan yang wujud dalam fatwa-fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh kedua-dua institusi ini dari tahun 2000 hingga 2009 dari aspek penyelarasan fatwa. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dalam usaha menganalisis beberapa keputusan fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh kedua-dua institusi fatwa untuk menyingkap persamaan dan perbezaan antara kedua-dua badan tersebut. Kata kunci: Institusi fatwa, Muzakarah Jawatankuasa Fatwa Majlis Kebangsaan bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia (MJFK), jawatankuasa fatwa negeri-negeri, penyelarasan fatwa.
Inductive Learning: Does Interleaving Exemplars Affect Long-Term Retention?
Authors: Zulkiply Norehan , Burt Jennifer S. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose – The present study investigated whether or not the benefits of interleaving of exemplars from several categories vary with retention interval in inductive learning. Methodology – Two experiments were conducted using paintings (Experiment 1) and textual materials (Experiment 2), and the experiments used a mixed factorial design. Forty students participated in each experiment for course credit. In each experiment, participants studied a series of exemplars from several categories which were presented massed and interleaved, and later their induction was tested either shortly after the study phase (short-term retention) or after a week’s delay (long- term retention). Findings – Consistent with findings from previous studies, the interleaving effect was found in the short-term retention condition, and crucially, the present study provided the initial evidence that interleaving of exemplars also affected long-term retention. Interestingly, massing was judged to be more effective than spacing (interleaving) in most groups, even when actual performance showed the opposite. Significance – The present study shows that interleaved exemplars have considerable potential in improving inductive learning in the long term. For example, induction is used in case-based reasoning which requires one to start with learning from specifi c cases, and then form generalizations of these cases by identifying the commonalities between them. In order to enhance long-term retention, educators may want to consider using interleaved presentation rather than massed presentation in teaching examples or cases from a particular category or concept.
THE EFFECTS OF CLASSROOM LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AND LABORATORY LEARNING ENVIRONMENT ON THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS LEARNING SCIENCE IN THE 21ST-CENTURY SCIENCE LESSONS
Authors: Karpudewan Mageswary , Meng Chong Keat 
Published: August 2020

Purpose – Many students associate science with negative feelings and attitudes which discourage them from continuing with science. This is supported by findings indicating a positive correlation between attitude and achievement. The learning environment is an important construct that influences students’ attitude. Following the claim that attitude is important and the learning environment is the determinant of learners’ attitude, in this study, an attempt is made to investigate the effects of classroom learning environment and laboratory learning environment on students’ attitude towards learning science. Methodology – Survey research design was used to identify the students’ perception of learning environment and attitude. A total of three sets of questionnaires on science laboratory, classroom learning and attitude towards learning science were administered to 272 (109 males and 163 females) lower secondary school students. Purposive sampling approach was used to identify the samples. Multiple linear regression was used to answer the research questions. Findings – The results show that attitude towards learning science is positively correlated with both classroom learning environment (r =.515) and science laboratory learning environment (r =.526). Both classroom learning environment and science laboratory learning environment are significant predictors of attitude. Cooperation, Equity and Investigation from the WIHIC and Integration, Material Environment and Students Cohesiveness from the SLEI are identified as significant predictors of attitude. Significance – The findings obtained from this quantitative survey suggest the presence of causal effects among the learning domains. This finding suggests that teachers should seriously consider the causal effects of the domains when designing their teaching strategies to enable the development of 21st-century skills.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USE OF INSTAGRAM IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE WRITING
Authors: Akhiar Ayuni , Mydin Al- Amin , Adi Kasuma Shaidatul Akma 
Published: August 2020

Purpose – This study examines university students’ perceptions and attitudes towards the use of Instagram in English language writing. Like other social networking sites (SNS), the design of Instagram promotes community-centeredness, and supports the dissemination of authentic content that creates opportunities for meaningful interactions among language learners. Methodology – There were 101 participants of this study who participated in a descriptive English essay writing activity on Instagram, answered a set of questionnaire with 20 closed-ended items, and five open-ended questions about using Instagram for English language learning. Focus groups’ discussions with all of the respondents were held to elaborate the open-ended items. The closed-items were analysed quantitatively using mean scores, while the open-ended items were analysed both quantitatively (mean scores) and qualitatively (content analysis). Findings – The results demonstrated students’ high positive perceptions and views towards using Instagram in improving their writing skills, but moderate attitudes. Significance – Based on the more favourable responses, it is about time that language teachers implement the preeminent social media platform such as Instagram to create conducive learning environment that could boost students’ motivation in English language learning.
The Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring in the Teaching of Mathematics
Authors: Gan Siew Ling , Hong Kian Sam 
Published: August 2020

Purpose – This study examined the effectiveness of peer tutoring in the teaching of Mathematics in a Malaysian government secondary school. This study also investigated the effects of peer tutoring on interest in learning mathematics, perceptions of instructional methods and mathematics self-efficacy, as well as gender differences for the various variables. Method – This study utilised the pretest-posttest with control group quasi-experimental research design. Two form four classes were randomly assigned to be taught using peer tutoring, and taught using lectures and exercises. The research instruments used in the study were a pretest, a posttest, and a questionnaire. Findings – Results showed that students who received peer tutoring had higher gain scores in the mathematics achievement tests compared to those receiving traditional instruction. In addition, female students performed better in the mathematics achievement tests. However, there was no interaction effect between gender and instructional methods used. Students in the peer tutoring groups showed higher interest in learning mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy. They also showed positive perceptions toward peer tutoring. In the peer tutoring group, female students showed higher interest in mathematics than male students. However, gender differences were not evident for mathematics self-efficacy and perceptions toward peer tutoring. Thus, it could be concluded that peer tutoring is a potentially effective instructional method that could be practised in secondary mathematics teaching and learning in Malaysian schools in tandem with other existing instructional methods. Value – Peer tutoring has not been widely studied in the context of the Malaysian classroom. This paper provides empirical findings supporting the effectiveness of peer tutoring as an instructional approach in enhancing students’ learning of mathematics irrespective of gender. In addition, peer tutoring can also augment students’ interest toward learning mathematics and their mathematics selfefficacy.
Influence of Entrepreneurial Innovation on Sustainable Solid: Waste Recycling in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Agbaeze Emmanuel Kalu , Ofobruku Sylvester Abomeh , Chukwu Benjamin Ibe 
Published: August 2020

One of the most serious challenges that city dwellers face in a developing nation is unsatisfactory solid waste management. This research investigates the impact of entrepreneurial innovation in solid waste recycling capacity in Abuja, federal capital city of Nigeria. The study employs a survey approach entailing the use of questionnaire for primary data collection. The data collected were analysed using a regression statistical technique. The findings of the study reveal that entrepreneurial activities can be used to enhance competencies in sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria. Specifically, we found that entrepreneurial innovation has a significant positive effect on solid waste recycling capacity (p < 0.01). The study concludes that entrepreneurial innovation will encourage efficiency and effectiveness in solid waste recycling practices in Abuja, Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommends that the government should put in place structures that encourage entrepreneurial innovation in solid management so as to enhance the sustainable solid waste recycling capacity in Abuja, Nigeria. Solid waste recycling has long been thought of as playing an important role in solid waste management. This research affirms that entrepreneurial innovation would aid the improvement of the solid waste recycling capacity thereby optimising the chances of achieving sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria. Currently there is a paucity of studies that examine the effects of entrepreneurial innovation specifically on solid waste recycling and sustainable development in Abuja, Nigeria. This study contributes an important additional dimension in the search for sustainable solid waste management in Abuja, Nigeria.