bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flooding Dynamics Within an Amazonian Floodplain: Water Circulation Patterns and Inundation Duration
Authors: Pinel Sebastien , Bonnet Marie‐Paule , S. Da Silva Joecila , Sampaio Tania C. , Garnier Jérémie , Catry Thibault , Calmant Stephane , Fragoso Carlos R. , Moreira Daniel , Motta Marques David , Seyler Frederique 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFlooding dynamics across a medium‐size (Janauaca Lake, 786 km2) floodplain system along the Amazon/Solimoes River over a 9‐year period (2006–2015) is studied through integration of remote sensing and limited in situ data in hydrologic‐hydrodynamic modelling based on Telemac‐2D model. Model accuracy varies through the hydrological year. We focus on seasonal and interannual spatial variability of water circulation and inundation duration. We highlight strong heterogeneities in water velocity magnitude between the different morphological domains of the floodplain, the highest velocities being encountered in the river‐floodplain channel. In addition to topography, we emphasize the importance of the main channel and the local runoff in controlling the water circulation, at least during part of the hydrological year. From low water to early rising period, local runoff constrains the river incursion across the floodplain, while the rates of main channel rising/receding controls the flood duration. The comparison of several hydrological years highlights the interannual changes of these hydraulic controls and also the influence exerted by prior inundation conditions. While we observed few changes in water velocity distribution among hydrological years, the inundation duration is highly variable. Usually defined by maximum water level, extreme flood events may paradoxically induce positive (up to 40 days) but also negative (up to −20 days) anomalies of inundation duration.
Evaluation of changes in the quality of extracted oil from olive fruits stored under different temperatures and time intervals
Authors: Saffar Taluri Samira , Jafari Seid Mahdi , Bahrami Akbar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChilling and freezing injuries of olives harvested in geographically high elevated locations may affect the quality of olive, and subsequently lead to oil with a poor quality. This study was aiming to investigate the influence of whether changes and freezing condition on the quality of extracted olive oil. The olive Koroneiki cultivar obtained from two origins was stored at three different temperatures (20, 5 and −18 °C) before oil extraction and common analyses (oil yield, acidity, peroxide value, thiobarbitorik acid value, total phenolics level, and color) were carried out in different time intervals (0, 20, 40, and 60 days) in order to assess the olive oil quality. Our data revealed that longer storage times significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the quality of olive oil. The fruits remained at 20 °C provided the lowest oil quality in all parameters. For example, the acidity of olive oil at 20 °C was 177% higher than samples kept at 5 °C after 20 days of olive storage. The general trend for comparing the quality parameters of extracted oils from olives kept at different temperatures was −18 > 5 > 20 °C. No significant negative effect (P < 0.05) was found for the samples kept at −18 °C, compared to 5 °C. Also, the geographical source of olive had a statistically significant influence (P < 0.05) on the quality of olive oil.
Effective one-component model of binary mixture: molecular arrest induced by the spatially correlated stochastic dynamics
Authors: Majka M. , Góra P. F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSpatially correlated noise (SCN), i.e. the thermal noise that affects neighbouring particles in a similar manner, is ubiquitous in soft matter systems. In this work, we apply the over-damped SCN-driven Langevin equations as an effective, one-component model of the dynamics in dense binary mixtures. We derive the thermodynamically consistent fluctuation-dissipation relation for SCN to show that it predicts the molecular arrest resembling the glass transition, i.e. the critical slow-down of dynamics in the disordered phases. We show that the mechanism of singular dissipation is embedded in the dissipation matrix, accompanying SCN. We are also able to identify the characteristic length of collective dissipation, which diverges at critical packing. This novel physical quantity conveniently describes the difference between the ergodic and non-ergodic dynamics. The model is fully analytically solvable, one-dimensional and admits arbitrary interactions between the particles. It qualitatively reproduces several different modes of arrested disorder encountered in binary mixtures, including e.g. the re-entrant arrest. The model can be effectively compared to the mode coupling theory.
Critical synchronization dynamics of the Kuramoto model on connectome and small world graphs
Authors: Ódor Géza , Kelling Jeffrey 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe hypothesis, that cortical dynamics operates near criticality also suggests, that it exhibits universal critical exponents which marks the Kuramoto equation, a fundamental model for synchronization, as a prime candidate for an underlying universal model. Here, we determined the synchronization behavior of this model by solving it numerically on a large, weighted human connectome network, containing 836733 nodes, in an assumed homeostatic state. Since this graph has a topological dimensiond < 4, a real synchronization phase transition is not possible in the thermodynamic limit, still we could locate a transition between partially synchronized and desynchronized states. At this crossover point we observe power-law–tailed synchronization durations, withτt ≃ 1.2(1), away from experimental values for the brain. For comparison, on a large two-dimensional lattice, having additional random, long-range links, we obtain a mean-field value:τt ≃ 1.6(1). However, below the transition of the connectome we found global coupling control-parameter dependent exponents 1 < τt ≤ 2, overlapping with the range of human brain experiments. We also studied the effects of random flipping of a small portion of link weights, mimicking a network with inhibitory interactions, and found similar results. The control-parameter dependent exponent suggests extended dynamical criticality below the transition point.
Almost minimum error discrimination of N-ary weak coherent states by Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian dynamics
Authors: Namkung Min , Kwon Younghun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractQuantum state discrimination of coherent states has been one of important problems in quantum information processing. Recently, R. Han et al. showed that minimum error discrimination of two coherent states can be nearly done by using Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian. In this paper, based on the result of R. Han et al., we propose the methods where minimum error discrimination of more than two weak coherent states can be nearly performed. Specially, we construct models which can do almost minimum error discrimination of three and four coherent states. Our result can be applied to quantum information processing of various coherent states.
Mitochondrial fission regulates germ cell differentiation by suppressing ROS-mediated activation of Epidermal Growth Factor Signaling in the Drosophila larval testis
Authors: Sênos Demarco Rafael , Jones D. Leanne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMitochondria are essential organelles that have recently emerged as hubs for several metabolic and signaling pathways in the cell. Mitochondrial morphology is regulated by constant fusion and fission events to maintain a functional mitochondrial network and to remodel the mitochondrial network in response to external stimuli. Although the role of mitochondria in later stages of spermatogenesis has been investigated in depth, the role of mitochondrial dynamics in regulating early germ cell behavior is relatively less-well understood. We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial fusion is required for germline stem cell (GSC) maintenance in the Drosophila testis. Here, we show that mitochondrial fission is also important for regulating the maintenance of early germ cells in larval testes. Inhibition of Drp1 in early germ cells resulted in the loss of GSCs and spermatogonia due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the EGFR pathway in adjacent somatic cyst cells. EGFR activation contributed to premature germ cell differentiation. Our data provide insights into how mitochondrial dynamics can impact germ cell maintenance and differentiation via distinct mechanisms throughout development.
Integrative transcriptome analysis discloses the molecular basis of a heterogeneous fungal phytopathogen complex, Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 subgroups
Authors: Yamamoto Naoki , Wang Yanran , Lin Runmao , Liang Yueyang , Liu Yao , Zhu Jun , Wang Lingxia , Wang Shiquan , Liu Huainian , Deng Qiming , Li Shuangcheng , Li Ping , Zheng Aiping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRhizoctonia solani is a fungal species complex that causes necrotrophic crop diseases. It comprises several anastomosis groups, some of which include intra-subgroups, such as AG-1 IA and AG-1 IB, exhibiting varying pathogenicity. Owing to its heterozygous and multinucleate features, genomic analyses of R. solani are still challenging, and understanding of its genetic diversity and genic components is limited. In this study, in order to elucidate the molecular basis of this phytopathogen complex, an integrated transcriptome analysis was undertaken for three subgroups of AG-1, i.e. AG-1 IA, AG-1 IB, and AG-1 IC. Sequence variations suggested substantial evolutionary distances within AG-1. Transcript simple sequence repeats showed comparable characteristics among AG-1, but contained polymorphic sites. Intra-subgroup polymorphisms suggested varying genic heterozygosity within AG-1, suggesting their independent evolutionary trajectory. Sequences of pathogenic factors, phytotoxin biosynthesis pathway enzymes, secreted lignocellulosic enzymes, secreted reactive oxygen species detoxification enzymes, apoplastic/cytoplasmic effector candidates, were conserved among those subgroups. dN/dS ratios of a secretome subset suggested core secreted proteins in AG-1 and distinct evolution of Cys-rich small secreted proteins after differentiation of AG-1 subgroups. Identification of likely pathogenic factors including allergen protein homologues, oxidative phosphorylation and ethylene biosynthesis pathways, and diversification of polysaccharide monooxygenases provides molecular insight into key genomic components that play a role in R. solani pathogenesis.
Detectability assessment of a satellite sensor for lower tropospheric ozone responses to its precursors emission changes in East Asian summer
Authors: Kajino Mizuo , Hayashida Sachiko , Sekiyama Tsuyoshi Thomas , Deushi Makoto , Ito Kazuki , Liu Xiong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSatellite sensors are powerful tools to monitor the spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants in large scales, but it has been challenging to detect surface O3 due to the presence of abundant stratospheric and upper tropospheric O3. East Asia is one of the most polluted regions in the world, but anthropogenic emissions such as NOx and SO2 began to decrease in 2010s. This trend was well observed by satellites, but the spatiotemporal impacts of these emission trends on O3 have not been well understood. Recent advancement in a retrieval method for the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) sensor enabled detection of lower tropospheric O3 and its legitimacy has been validated. In this study, we investigated the statistical significance for the OMI sensor to detect the lower tropospheric O3 responses to the future emission reduction of the O3 precursor gases over East Asia in summer, by utilizing a regional chemistry model. The emission reduction of 10, 25, 50, and 90% resulted in 4.4, 11, 23, and 53% decrease of the areal and monthly mean daytime simulated satellite-detectable O3 (ΔO3), respectively. The fractions of significant areas are 55, 84, 93, and 96% at a one-sided 95% confidence interval. Because of the recent advancement of satellite sensor technologies (e.g., TROPOMI), study on tropospheric photochemistry will be rapidly advanced in the near future. The current study proved the usefulness of such satellite analyses on the lower tropospheric O3 and its perturbations due to the precursor gas emission controls.
Differential Temporal Perception Abilities in Parkinson’s Disease Patients Based on Timing Magnitude
Authors: Bernardinis Matthew , Atashzar S. Farokh , Jog Mandar S. , Patel Rajni V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNon-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) predate motor symptoms and substantially decrease quality of life; however, detection, monitoring, and treatments are unavailable for many of these symptoms. Temporal perception abnormalities in PD are generally attributed to altered Basal Ganglia (BG) function. Present studies are confounded by motor control facilitating movements that are integrated into protocols assessing temporal perception. There is uncertainty regarding the BG’s influence on timing processes of different time scales and how PD therapies affect this perception. In this study, PD patients using Levodopa (n = 25), Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS; n = 6), de novo patients (n = 6), and healthy controls (n = 17) completed a visual temporal perception task in seconds and sub-section timing scales using a computer-generated graphical tool. For all patient groups, there were no impairments seen at the smaller tested magnitudes (using sub-second timing). However, all PD groups displayed significant impairments at the larger tested magnitudes (using interval timing). Neither Levodopa nor DBS therapy led to significant improvements in timing abilities. Levodopa resulted in a strong trend towards impairing timing processes and caused a deterioration in perceptual coherency according to Weber’s Law. It is shown that timing abnormalities in PD occur in the seconds range but do not extend to the sub-second range. Furthermore, observed timing deficits were shown to not be solely caused by motor deficiency. This provides evidence to support internal clock models involving the BG (among other neural regions) in interval timing, and cerebellar control of sub-second timing. This study also revealed significant temporal perception deficits in recently diagnosed PD patients; thus, temporal perception abnormalities might act as an early disease marker, with the graphical tool showing potential for disease monitoring.
Targeting alpha synuclein and amyloid beta by a multifunctional, brain-penetrant dopamine D2/D3 agonist D-520: Potential therapeutic application in Parkinson’s disease with dementia
Authors: Yedlapudi Deepthi , Xu Liping , Luo Dan , Marsh Gregory B. , Todi Sokol V. , Dutta Aloke K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA significant number of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) develop dementia in addition to cognitive dysfunction and are diagnosed as PD with dementia (PDD). This is characterized by cortical and limbic alpha synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, and high levels of diffuse amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques in the striatum and neocortical areas. In this regard, we evaluated the effect of a brain-penetrant, novel multifunctional dopamine D2/D3 agonist, D-520 on the inhibition of Aβ aggregation and disintegration of α-syn and Aβ aggregatesin vitrousing purified proteins and in a cell culture model that produces intracellular Aβ-induced toxicity. We further evaluated the effect of D-520 in aDrosophilamodel of Aβ1-42toxicity. We report that D-520 inhibits the formation of Aβ aggregatesin vitroand promotes the disaggregation of both α-syn and Aβ aggregates. Finally, in anin vivo Drosophilamodel of Aβ1-42dependent toxicity, D-520 exhibited efficacy by rescuing fly eyes from retinal degeneration caused by Aβ toxicity. Our data indicate the potential therapeutic applicability of D-520 in addressing motor dysfunction and neuroprotection in PD and PDD, as well as attenuating dementia in people with PDD.
Comparison between single and multi-locus approaches for specimen identification in Mytilus mussels
Authors: Larraín María Angélica , González Pía , Pérez Claudio , Araneda Cristián 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMytilusmussels have been the object of much research given their sentinel role in coastal ecosystems and significant value as an aquaculture resource appreciated for both, its flavour and nutritional content. Some of the most-studiedMytilusspecies areM. edulis,M. galloprovincialis,M. chilensisandM. trossulus. As species identification based on morphological characteristics ofMytilusspecimens is difficult, molecular markers are often used. Single-locus markers can give conflicting results when used independently; not all markers differentiate among all species, and the markers target genomic regions with different evolutionary histories. We evaluated the concordance between the PCR-RFLP markers most commonly-used for species identification in mussels within theMytilusgenus (Me15-16,ITS,mac-1,16S rRNAandCOI) when used alone (mono-locus approach) or together (multi-locus approach). In this study, multi-locus strategy outperformed the mono-locus methods, clearly identifying all four species and also showed similar specimen identification performance than a 49 SNPs panel. We hope that these findings will contribute to a better understanding of DNA marker-based analysis ofMytilustaxa. These results support the use of a multi-locus approach when studying this important marine resource, including research on food quality and safety, sustainable production and conservation.
Overexpression of the GmDREB6 gene enhances proline accumulation and salt tolerance in genetically modified soybean plants
Authors: Nguyen Quan Huu , Vu Lien Thi Kim , Nguyen Lan Thi Ngoc , Pham Nhan Thi Thanh , Nguyen Yen Thi Hai , Le Son Van , Chu Mau Hoang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSoybean plants are sensitive to the effects of abiotic stress and belong to the group of crops that are less drought and salt tolerant. The identification of genes involved in mechanisms targeted to cope with water shortage is an essential and indispensable task for improving the drought and salt tolerance of soybean. One of the approaches for obtaining lines with increased tolerance is genetic modification. The dehydration-responsive element binding proteins (DREBs), belonging to the AP2 family, are trans-active transcription factors that bind to the cis-sequences of the promoter for activating the expression of the target genes that mediate drought and salt tolerant responses. In this study, the GmDREB6 transgene was introduced into DT84 cultivar soybean plants, using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The efficacy of GmDREB6 overexpression in enhancing the transcriptional level of GmP5CS and proline accumulation in genetically modified (GM) soybean plants was also assayed. The results demonstrated that ten GM soybean plants (T0 generation) were successfully generated from the transformed explants after selecting with kanamycin. Among these plantlets, the presence of the GmDREB6 transgene was confirmed in nine plants by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and eight plants showed positive results in Southern blot. In the T1 generation, four GM lines, labelled T1-2, T1-4, T1-7, and T1-10, expressed the recombinant GmDREB6 protein. In the T2 generation, the transcriptional levels of the GmP5CS gene were higher in the GM lines than in the non-transgenic plants, under normal conditions and also under conditions of salt stress and drought, ranging from 1.36 to 2.01 folds and 1.58 to 3.16 folds that of the non-transgenic plants, respectively. The proline content was higher in the four GM soybean lines, T2-2, T2-4, T2-7, and T2-10 than in the non-transgenic plants, ranging from 0.82 μmol/g to 4.03 μmol/g. The proline content was the highest in the GM T2-7 line (7.77 μmol/g). In GM soybean lines, T2-2, T2-4, T2-7, and T2-10 proline content increased after plants were subjected to salt stress for seven days, in comparison to that under normal conditions, and ranged from 247.83% to 300%, while that of the non-GM plants was 238.22%. These results suggested that GmDREB6 could act as a potential candidate for genetic engineering for improving tolerance to salt stresses.
High-current density and high-asymmetry MIIM diode based on oxygen-non-stoichiometry controlled homointerface structure for optical rectenna
Authors: Matsuura Daisuke , Shimizu Makoto , Yugami Hiroo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOptical rectennas are expected to be applied as power sources for energy harvesting because they can convert a wide range of electromagnetic waves, from visible light to infrared. The critical element in these systems is a diode, which can respond to the changes in electrical polarity in the optical frequency. By considering trade-off relationship between current density and asymmetry of IV characteristic, we reveal the efficiency limitations of MIM diodes for the optical rectenna and suggest a novel tunnel diode using a double insulator with an oxygen-non-stoichiometry controlled homointerface structure (MOx/MOx−y). A double-insulator diode composed of Pt/TiO2/TiO1.4/Ti, in which a natural oxide layer of TiO1.4 is formed by annealing under atmosphere. The diode has as high-current-density of 4.6 × 106 A/m2, which is 400 times higher than the theoretical one obtained using Pt/TiO2/Ti MIM diodes. In addition, a high-asymmetry of 7.3 is realized simultaneously. These are expected to increase the optical rectenna efficiency by more than 1,000 times, compared to the state-of-the art system. Further, by optimizing the thickness of the double insulator layer, it is demonstrated that this diode can attain a current density of 108 A/m2 and asymmetry of 9.0, which are expected to increase the optical rectenna efficiency by 10,000.
Nicotinamide Inhibits Aphid Fecundity and Impacts Survival
Authors: Sattar Sampurna , Martinez Mario T. , Ruiz Andres F. , Hanna-Rose Wendy , Thompson Gary A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNicotinamide (NAM) alters behavior in C. elegans and Drosophila, serving as an agonist of TRPV channels affecting sensory neurons and mimicking the mode of action of insecticides used to control phloem-feeding insects. The impact of NAM on green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) behaviors was assessed in artificial diet assays and foliar applications to Arabidopsis plants. Aphids feeding on artificial diets supplemented with NAM impaired stylet movement causing feeding interruptions and ultimately starvation and death. Aphid feeding behaviors were negatively impacted on NAM sprayed plants at concentrations as low as 2.5 mM leading to increased mortality. In choice assays with NAM sprayed leaves aphids showed clear preference for untreated control leaves. NAM is an intermediate in the NAD salvage pathway that should accumulate in nicotinamidase (nic) mutants. LC-MS analysis showed NAM accumulates 60-fold in nic-1-1 Arabidopsis mutants as compared with Col-0. Aphid reproductive potential was significantly decreased on nic-1-1 mutant plants, resulting in a smaller colony size and arrested population development. The results support the hypothesis that dietary NAM causes behavioral changes in aphids, including altered feeding, reduced reproduction, and increased mortality. NAM is thought to bind to TRPV channels causing overstimulation of sensory neurons in the aphid feeding apparatus.