bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ-МЕДИКОВ: РАЗВИТИЕ И СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРАКТИЧЕСКИХ УМЕНИЙ И НАВЫКОВ
Authors: Kovyneva I.A. , Petrova N.E. 
Published: May 2020

В статье дается методическое описание некоторых аспектов урока по РКИ, направленных на формирование и развитие профессиональных компетенций иностранных студентов-медиков, обучающихся на медицинских факультетах в вузах Российской Федерации. Несмотря на различные подходы к осуществлению теоретической профессиональной медицинской подготовки иностранцев (полное/частичное обучение на английском языке илиполное/частичное обучение на русском языке), формирование иразвитие практических навыков происходит в реальных условиях в лечебных учреждениях РФ. Такая практика предполагает хороший уровень владения навыками профессиональной коммуникации, которые можно приобрести только на практических занятиях по русскому языку. Работая в тандеме с медиками-клиницистами, русист согласовывает содержательно-тематические аспекты, разрабатывает стратегии и тактики урока, целью которого является подготовка инофонов кклинической практике в лечебных учреждениях РФ.The article provides a methodological description of some aspects of the lesson in Russian as a foreign language, aimed on the formation and development of professional competencies of foreign medical students studying at medical faculties in universities of the Russian Federation. Despite the different approaches to the implementation of theoretical professional medical training of foreigners (full/partial training in English or full/partial training in Russian), the formation and development of practical skills takes place in real conditions in medical institutions of the Russian Federation. This practice requires a good level of proficiency in professional communication skills, which can only be acquired in practical classes in the Russian language. Working in tandem with clinicians, the Russian scholar coordinates the thematic and substantive aspects, develops strategies and tactics of the lesson, the purpose of which is to prepare foreign phones for clinical practice in medical institutions of the Russian Federation.
Ключевые идеи интернет-пространства и особенности их вербализации
Authors: Marinova E.V. 
Published: May 2020

В статье рассматриваются особенности вербализации ключевых понятий и идей Рунета. Высказывается предположение о том, что формирование и обновление общей сетевой лексики происходит прежде всего в ключевых понятийных областях, отражающих деятельность человека в Интернете. Они связаны как с главным объектом информацией, так и со всеми основными составляющими этой деятельности (целью, средством, результатом, процессом). Исходя из этого выделяются такие ключевые понятийные области, какинформация, ее качества и их оценка поиск и хранение информации коммуникация техническая и технологическая база Интернета. На материале сетевой лексики русского языка, сформировавшейся за последние 20 лет, анализируется процесс неологизации, отмечаются факторы, влияющие наэтот процесс делается вывод о специфике формирования лексики Рунета.The article deals with the peculiarities of verbalization of key concepts and ideas of RuNet. The author puts forward an assumption that the formation and renewal of common Internet lexis primarily takes place in key conceptual fields reflecting mans activity in the Internet. They are connected both with the main object information, and with all the basic components of this activity (aim, means, result, process). Proceeding from this assumption the author singles out such key conceptual fields as information, its characteristics and their evaluation search and storage of information communication technical and technological base of the Internet. The case study of Russian Internet lexis formed in the last twenty years enables the author to analyse the process of neologization, to point out the facts that influence this process and make a conclusion about the peculiarities of RuNet lexis formation. Language of RuNet, key conceptual field, verbalization, common Internet lexis, factors of neologization.
ОЦЕНКА ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПОМЕХ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ LTE
Authors: Bakhtiyarova Ye. , Suleimen Zh. 
Published: May 2020

Статья посвящена оценке параметров помех экспериментальным путем. В статье рассмотрены технология LTE, основные параметры и услуги технологии LTE, проведен расчет внутренних параметров. Установлено, что потери зависят от расстояния между передатчиком и антенной. Результаты, полученные в ходе проведения данного эксперимента, показали, что при использовании аппаратуры сотовой связи в зоне обслуживания радиусом порядка 1,9 км связь в направлении АС-БС будет устанавливаться в 90 времени и мест с отношением сигнал/шум на выходе приемника не хуже 16 дБ. Как видно из расчетов, технология LTE обеспечивает эффективное радио покрытие и может работать с высокими скоростями для абонентов, находящихся в центре и на границе соты иметь достаточно хороший уровень сигнала.
The article is devoted to experimental estimation of interference parameters. The article discusses LTE technology, the main parameters and services of LTE technology, and calculates the internal parameters. Introduction of LTE technology in the Republic of Kazakhstan is currently an urgent topic. LTE technology is one of the most high-speed mobile access technologies. The main advantage of LTE is the so-called open Internet access. This means that a mobile network subscriber can access the Internet using the most convenient device at the moment a mobile phone, PDA, smartphone, or laptop that has the most suitable characteristics for the current exchange of information. It is established that the losses depend on the distance between the transmitter and the antenna. The results obtained during this experiment showed that when using cellular communication equipment in the service area with a radius of about 1.9 km, communication in the direction of the AC-BS will be established at 90 of the time and places with a signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver output is no worse 16 dB As can be seen from the calculations, LTE technology provides effective radio coverage and can operate at high speeds, for subscribers located in the center and at the cell border to have a fairly good signal level.
Redress Facilitation Orders as a Sanction Against Corporations
Authors: Fisse Brent 
Published: May 2020

The PhD thesis upon which Laura was working before her tragic death sought to resolve the intractable question of whether two key goals of anti-cartel enforcement, namely (a) deterrence and (b) compensation, can be achieved more effectively by integrating their pursuit. The potential capacity of redress facilitation orders both to facilitate compensation and to enhance deterrence is one aspect of that question. This article canvasses the possibility of redress facilitation orders designed to facilitate compensation for loss caused by cartel and other unlawful conduct and at the same time to enhance deterrence. It advances a statutory model for redress facilitation orders under the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) (CCA). The model advanced is Australian in legislative style but could readily be adapted elsewhere.
Observational Features of Exoplanetary Synchrotron Radio Bursts
Authors: Gao Yang , Qian Lei , Li Di 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The magnetic fields of exoplanets shield the planets from cosmic rays and interplanetary plasma. Due to the interaction with the electrons from their host stars, the exoplanetary magnetospheres are predicted to have both cyclotron and synchrotron radio emissions, neither of which have been definitively identified in observations. As the coherent cyclotron emission has been extensively studied in the literature, here we focus on planetary synchrotron radiation with bursty behaviors (i.e., radio flares) caused by the outbreaks of energetic electron ejections from the host star. Two key parameters of the bursty synchrotron emissions, namely the flux density and burst rate, and two key features, namely the burst light curve and frequency shift, are predicted for star–hot Jupiter systems. The planetary orbital phase–burst rate relation is also considered as the signature of star–planet interactions. As examples, previous X-ray and radio observations of two well-studied candidate systems, HD 189733 and V830 τ, are adopted to predict their specific burst rates and fluxes of bursty synchrotron emissions for further observational confirmations. The detectability of such emissions by current and upcoming radio telescopes shows that we are at the dawn of discoveries.
ALMA Observations of the Molecular Clouds in NGC 625
Authors: Imara Nia , De Looze Ilse , Faesi Christopher M. , Cormier Diane 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We present the highest-resolution (1″) 12CO observations of molecular gas in the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 625 to date, obtained with Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The molecular gas, which is distributed in discrete clouds within an area of 0.4 kpc2, does not have well-ordered large-scale motions. We measure a molecular mass in NGC 625 of 5.3 × 106

, assuming a Milky Way CO-to-

conversion factor. We use the CPROPS package to identify molecular clouds and measure their properties. The 19 resolved CO clouds have a median radius of 20 pc, a median linewidth 2.5

, and a median surface density of 169

. Larson scaling relations suggest that molecular clouds in NGC 625 are mostly in virial equilibrium. Comparison of our high-resolution CO observations with a star formation rate map, inferred from ancillary optical observations, suggests that about 40% of the molecular clouds coincide with the brightest H ii regions. These bright H ii regions have a range of molecular gas depletion timescales, all within a factor of ∼3 of the global depletion time in NGC 625 of 106–134 Myr. The highest surface density molecular clouds toward the southwest of the galaxy, in a region we call the Butterfly, do not show strong star formation activity and suggest a depletion timescale longer than 5 Gyr.
A Kinematic View of NGC 1261: Structural Parameters, Internal Dispersion, Absolute Proper Motion, and Blue Straggler Stars
Authors: Raso Silvia , Libralato Mattia , Bellini Andrea , Ferraro Francesco R. , Lanzoni Barbara , Cadelano Mario , Pallanca Cristina , Dalessandro Emanuele , Piotto Giampaolo , Anderson Jay , Sohn Sangmo Tony 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We constructed a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) astrophotometric catalog of the central region of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 1261. This catalog, complemented with Gaia DR2 data sampling the external regions, has been used to estimate the structural parameters of the system (i.e., core, half-mass, tidal radii, and concentration) from its resolved star density profile. We computed high-precision proper motions thanks to multi-epoch HST data and derived the cluster velocity dispersion profile in the plane of the sky for the innermost region, finding that the system is isotropic. The combination with the line-of-sight information collected from spectroscopy in the external regions provided us with the cluster velocity dispersion profile along the entire radial extension. We also measured the absolute proper motion of NGC 1261 using a few background galaxies as a reference. The radial distribution of the Blue Straggler Star population shows that the cluster is in a low/intermediate phase of dynamical evolution.
Supermassive Black Holes as Possible Sources of Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic Rays
Authors: Tursunov Arman , Stuchlík Zdeněk , Kološ Martin , Dadhich Naresh , Ahmedov Bobomurat 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The production and acceleration mechanisms of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) of energy >1020 eV, clearly beyond the GZK cutoff limit, remain unclear, which points to the exotic nature of the phenomena. Recent observations of extragalactic neutrinos may indicate that the source of UHECRs is an extragalactic supermassive black hole (SMBH). We demonstrate that ultraefficient energy extraction from a rotating SMBH driven by the magnetic Penrose process (MPP) could indeed fit the bill. We envision ionization of neutral particles, such as neutron beta decay, skirting close to the black hole horizon that energizes protons to over 1020 eV for an SMBH of mass 109
M
⊙ and magnetic field 104 G. Applied to the Galactic center SMBH, we have a proton energy of order ≈1015.6 eV that coincides with the knee of the cosmic-ray spectra. We show that large γ

z
factors of high-energy particles along the escaping directions occur only in the presence of an induced charge of the black hole, which is known as the Wald charge in the case of a uniform magnetic field. It is remarkable that the process requires neither an extended acceleration zone nor fine-tuning of accreting-matter parameters. Further, this leads to certain verifiable constraints on the SMBH’s mass and magnetic field strength as the source of UHECRs. This clearly makes the ultraefficient regime of the MPP one of the most promising mechanisms for fueling the UHECR powerhouse.
Does Modified Gravity Predict Fast Stellar Bars in Spiral Galaxies?
Authors: Ghafourian Neda , Roshan Mahmood , Abbassi Shahram 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The evolution of disk galaxies in modified gravity is studied by using high-resolution N-body simulations. More specifically, we use the weak field limit of two modified gravity theories, that is, nonlocal gravity and scalar–tensor–vector gravity, known as MOG, and ignore the existence of a dark matter (DM) halo. We construct the same models as in the standard DM model and compare their dynamics with the galactic models in modified gravity. It turns out that there are serious differences between galactic models in these different viewpoints. For example, we explicitly show that the galactic models in modified gravity host faster bars compared to the DM case, but the final stellar bars are weaker in modified gravity. These facts are not new and have already been reported in our previous simulations for exponential galactic models. Therefore, our main purpose is to show that the above-mentioned differences, with an emphasis on the speed of the bars, are independent of the initial density profile of the adopted disk and halo. To do so, we employ different profiles for the disk and halo and show that the results remain qualitatively independent of the initial galactic models. Moreover, a more accurate method has been used to quantify the kinematic properties of the stellar bars. Our results imply that, contrary to the DM models, bars in modified gravity are fast rotators that never leave the fast-bar region until the end of the simulation.
Col-OSSOS: Compositional Homogeneity of Three Kuiper Belt Binaries
Authors: Marsset Michaël , Fraser Wesley C. , Bannister Michele T. , Schwamb Megan E. , Pike Rosemary E , Benecchi Susan , Kavelaars J. J. , Alexandersen Mike , Chen Ying-Tung , Gladman Brett J. , Gwyn Stephen D. J. , Petit Jean-Marc , Volk Kathryn 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The surface characterization of Trans-Neptunian binaries (TNBs) is key to understanding the properties of the disk of planetesimals from which these objects formed. In the optical wavelengths, it has been demonstrated that most equal-sized component systems share similar colors, suggesting they have a similar composition. The color homogeneity of binary pairs contrasts with the overall diversity of colors in the Kuiper Belt, which was interpreted as evidence that Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) formed from a locally homogeneous and globally heterogeneous protoplanetary disk. In this paradigm, binary pairs must have formed early, before the dynamically hot TNOs were scattered out from their formation location. The latter inferences, however, relied on the assumption that the matching colors of the binary components imply matching composition. Here, we test this assumption by examining the component-resolved photometry of three TNBs found in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey: 505447 (2013 SQ99), 511551 (2014 UD225), and 506121 (2016 BP81), across the visible and J-band near-infrared wavelength range. We report similar colors within 2σ for the binary pairs, which is suggestive of similar reflectance spectra and hence surface composition. This advocates for gravitational collapse of pebble clouds as a possible TNO formation route. However, we stress that several similarly small TNOs, including at least one binary, have been shown to exhibit substantial spectral variability in the near-infrared, implying color equality of binary pairs is likely to be violated in some cases.
Recovery and Validation of Mars Ionospheric Electron Density Profiles from Viking Orbiter Radio Occultation Observations
Authors: Withers Paul , Felici Marianna , Flynn Casey , Vogt Marissa F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Viking Orbiter radio occultation experiment acquired vertical profiles of electron density in the ionosphere of Mars. As these profiles were not archived, they were thought to have been lost. Here, we report the recovery and validation of the complete set of high-quality, dayside electron density profiles from Viking Orbiters 1 and 2. Sixty-nine profiles spanning solar zenith angles of 50°–95° were deemed acceptable for scientific analysis. Relative to the widely used set of radio occultation electron density profiles from Mars Global Surveyor, these Viking profiles have better sensitivity, higher vertical extent, more global coverage, and greater solar zenith angle coverage. They are ready for use in scientific investigations of the ionosphere of Mars and related topics. They accompany this article as supplemental information.
L’impact de l’approche « appliquer ou expliquer » sur le degré de conformité des entreprises aux codes de gouvernance
Authors: Elage Adam , Dardour Ali 
Published: May 2020

Cet article vise à tester l’impact de l’adoption de l’approche « appliquer ou expliquer » (AOE) sur le score de conformité des entreprises cotées aux codes de gouvernance. De plus, il s’intéresse aux facteurs qui favorisent le degré de compliance au code de gouvernance dans le cadre de cette approche flexible. L’étude empirique montre que la mise en place de l’approche AOE, a un impact positif sur le degré de conformité aux recommandations de bonnes pratiques de gouvernance. En outre, les résultats montrent que le degré de conformité aux codes par l’approche AOE peut être expliqué par plusieurs facteurs dont la taille de l’entreprise et la structure de l’actionnariat.
Symptoms of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder After Intensive Care
Authors: Wallen Karen , Chaboyer Wendy , Thalib Lukman , Creedy Debra K. 
Published: May 2020

Background Admission to intensive care is often a sudden and unexpected event precipitated by a life-threatening condition, 2 determinants thought to influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Objectives To identify the frequency of acute symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and to describe factors predictive of these symptoms in patients 1 month after discharge from intensive care.
Methods In this prospective cohort study, all patients meeting the inclusion criteria during the study period were invited to participate. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and demographic and clinical data were accessed from an intensive care unit database.
Results During a 9-month period, 114 of 137 patients who met the inclusion criteria consented to participate in the study, and 100 (88%) completed it. The mean total score on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised was 17.8 (SD, 13.4; possible range, 0–88). A total of 13 participants (13%) scored higher than the cutoff score for clinical posttraumatic stress disorder. Neither sex nor length of stay was predictive of acute symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. In multivariate analysis, the only independent predictor of symptoms was age. Patients younger than 65 years were 5.6 times (95% confidence interval, 1.17–26.89) more likely than those 65 years and older to report symptoms.
Conclusion The rate of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder 1 month after discharge from intensive care was relatively low. Consistent with findings of previous research, being younger than 65 years was the only independent predictor of symptoms.
Assessment of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: Nursing Practices And Perceptions
Authors: Devlin John W. , Fong Jeffrey J. , Howard Elizabeth P. , Skrobik Yoanna , McCoy Nina , Yasuda Cyndi , Marshall John 
Published: May 2020

Background Despite practice guidelines promoting delirium assessment in intensive care, few data exist regarding current delirium assessment practices among nurses and how these practices compare with those for sedation assessment.
Objectives To identify current practices and perceptions of intensive care nurses regarding delirium assessment and to compare practices for assessing delirium with practices for assessing sedation.
Methods A paper/Web-based survey was administered to 601 staff nurses working in 16 intensive care units at 5 acute care hospitals with sedation guidelines specifying delirium assessment in the Boston, Massachusetts area.
Results Overall, 331 nurses (55%) responded. Only 3% ranked delirium as the most important condition to evaluate, compared with altered level of consciousness (44%), presence of pain (23%), or improper placement of an invasive device (21%). Delirium assessment was less common than sedation assessment (47% vs 98%, P &lt; .001) and was more common among nurses who worked in medical intensive care units (55% vs 40%, P = .03) and at academic centers (53% vs 13%, P &lt; .001). Preferred methods for assessing delirium included assessing ability to follow commands (78%), checking for agitation-related events (71%), the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (36%), the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (11%), and psychiatric consultation (9%). Barriers to assessment included intubation (38%), complexity of the tool for assessing delirium (34%), and sedation level (13%).
Conclusions Practice and perceptions of delirium assessment vary widely among critical care nurses despite the presence of institutional sedation guidelines that promote delirium assessment.
Maintenance of Germinal Center B Cells by Caspase-9 through Promotion of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Necroptosis
Authors: Zhang Jingting , Kodali Srikanth , Chen Min , Wang Jin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In response to T cell–dependent Ag encounter, naive B cells develop into germinal center (GC) B cells, which can further differentiate into Ab-secreting plasma cells or memory B cells. GC B cells are short lived and are prone to caspase-mediated apoptosis. However, how apoptotic caspases regulate GC B cell fate has not been fully characterized. In this study, we show that mice with B cell–specific knockout of caspase-9 had decreases in GC B cells and Ab production after immunization. Caspase-9–deficient B cells displayed defects in caspase-dependent apoptosis but increases in necroptosis signaling. Additional deletion of Ripk3 restored GC B cells and Ab production in mice with B cell–specific knockout of caspase-9. Our results indicate that caspase-9 plays an important role in the maintenance of Ab responses by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting necroptosis in B cells.