bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scoping review protocol: is there a role for physical activity interventions in the treatment pathway of bladder cancer?
Authors: Mehrotra Sneha , Rowland Megan , Zhang Hanyu , Russell Beth , Fox Louis , Beyer Katharina , Rammant Elke , Peat Nicola , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Bosco Cecilia 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionPatients with bladder cancer (BC) have been found to have worse experiences than those with other cancers which may partly be due to impact on quality of life. Currently, little is known about the impact of physical activity (PA) on BC outcomes. This scoping review aims to identify what interventions are available, their reported efficacy and feasibility, and a description of potential underlying biological mechanisms for their effects.Methods and analysisPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review (ScR) guidelines and the Levac methodology framework will be followed/used. Electronic databases will be searched (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PsycInfo and Health, OpenGray). Two independent reviewers will screen all abstracts and titles and during a second stage and full-text publications for inclusion. All studies describing PA (as an existing lifestyle or as part of an intervention programme) during BC management will be included. Study characteristics will be recorded; qualitative data will be extracted and evaluated using the Donabedian framework. Quantitative data will be extracted and summarised. A further consultation step will be carried out with patients, their family members and healthcare professionals.Ethics and disseminationResults will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication. Through the consultation step, we will ensure that findings will reach a wide audience and recommendations can be made for future development of PA interventions for patients with BC. Data used will be from publicly available secondary sources, and the consultation step will be carried out as part of patient and public involvement so this study does not require ethical review.
Epidemiology of adolescent trauma in England: a review of TARN data 2008–2017
Authors: Roberts Zoe , Collins Julie-Ann , James David , Bouamra Omar , Young Mike , Lyttle Mark D , Roland Damian , Mullen Stephen 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTrauma contributes significantly to adolescent morbidity and mortality. We aimed to ascertain the epidemiology of adolescent trauma to inform prevention strategies.MethodsData were abstracted from TARN (Trauma Audit Research Network) from English sites over a 10-year period (2008–2017). Adolescents were defined as 10–24 completed years. Descriptive statistical analysis was used in this study.ResultsThere were 40 680 recorded cases of adolescent trauma. The majority were male (77.3%) and aged 16–24 years old (80.5%). There was a 2.6-fold increase during the study time frame (p<0.0001) in the total annual number of cases reported to TARN. To account for increasing hospital participation, the unit trauma cases per hospital per year was used, noting an increasing trend (p=0.048). Road traffic collision (RTC) was the leading cause of adolescent trauma (50.3%). Pedestrians (41.2%) and cyclists (32.6%) were more prevalent in the 10–15 year group, while drivers (22.9%) and passengers (17.8%) predominated in the 16–24 year group. Intentional injury was reported in 20.7% (alleged assault in 17.2% and suspected self-harm in 3.5%). This was more prevalent in the 16–24 year group. The proportion of trauma reported due to violence has increased with stabbings increasing from 6.9% in 2008 to 10.2% in 2017 (p<0.0001). Evidence of alcohol or drug use was recorded in 20.1% of cases. There was an increase in the number treated in major trauma centres (45.7% 2008 vs 63.5% 2017, p<0.0001). Trauma was more likely to occur between 08:00 and 00:00, at weekends and between April and October. Overall mortality rate was 4.1%. Those with a known psychiatric diagnosis had a higher mortality (6.3% vs 4.4%, p<0.001).ConclusionsRTCs and intentional injuries are leading aetiologies. Healthcare professionals and policy-makers need to prioritise national preventative public health measures and early interventions to reduce the incidence of trauma in this vulnerable age group.
Preliminary in vitro angiographic comparison of the flow diversion behavior of Evolve and Pipeline devices
Authors: Sadasivan Chander , Fiorella David 
Published: November 2019

Background and purposeFlow diverters are increasingly used to treat a broad category of cerebral aneurysms. We conducted an in vitro study to angiographically compare the flow diversion effect of Surpass Evolve from Stryker Neurovascular with the Pipeline Shield Embolization Device from Medtronic Neurovascular.MethodsThree copies each of three carotid aneurysm geometries were manufactured from silicone. Evolve and Pipeline flow diverters were deployed in one copy of each geometry; the third copy was used as Control. High-speed angiography was acquired under pulsatile flow in each replica, contrast concentration-time curves within the aneurysms were recorded, and the curves were quantified with six parameters. The parameters were statistically evaluated to compare the flow diversion effect of both devices.ResultsThe Evolve showed greater flow diversion trends in almost all intra-geometry comparisons than the Pipeline. When aggregated over the three geometries, the Evolve was statistically significantly better than the Pipeline in four of the six parameters, and about the same or better (not statistically significant) than the Pipeline in the other two parameters.ConclusionsThe Evolve device demonstrated greater in vitro flow diversion effects than Pipeline. Comparative efficacy of the devices will need to be adjudicated based on clinical outcomes.
Experimental study of the $ \gamma p \rightarrow K^{0}\Sigma^{+}$, $ \gamma n \rightarrow K^{0} \Lambda$, and $ \gamma n \rightarrow K^{0} \Sigma^{0}$ reactions at the Mainz Microtron
Authors: Akondi C. S. , Bantawa K. , Manley D. M. , Abt S. , Achenbach P. , Afzal F. , Aguar-Bartolomé P. , Ahmed Z. , Annand J. R. M. , Arends H. J. , Bashkanov M. , Beck R. , Biroth M. , Borisov N. , Braghieri A. , Briscoe W. J. , Cividini F. , Collicott C. , Costanza S. , Denig A. , Dieterle M. , Downie E. J. , Drexler P. , Ferretti Bondy M. I. , Gardner S. , Glazier D. I. , Gorodnov I. , Gradl W. , Günther M. , Gurevich D. , Kay S. , Heijkenskjöld L. , Hornidge D. , Huber G. M. , Käser M. , Kashevarov V. L. , Korolija M. , Krusche B. , Lazarev A. , Livingston K. , Lutterer S. , McGeorge J. C. , MacGregor I. J. D. , Martel P. P. , Middleton D. G. , Miskimen R. , Mornacchi E. , Mushkarenkov A. , Mullen C. , Neganov A. , Neiser A. , Oberle M. , Ostrick M. , Otte P. B. , Oussena B. , Paudyal D. , Pedroni P. , Powell A. , Prakhov S. N. , Ron G. , Rostomyan T. , Sarty A. , Sfienti C. , Sokhoyan V. , Spieker K. , Steffen O. , Strakovsky I. I. , Strub Th. , Supek I. , Thiel A. , Thiel M. , Thomas A. , Unverzagt M. , Usov Yu. A. , Walford N. K. , Watts D. P. , Wagner S. , Werthmüller D. , Wettig J. , Witthauer L. , Wolfes M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract.This work measured$ \mathrm{d}\sigma/\mathrm{d}\Omega$dσ/dΩfor neutral kaon photoproduction reactions from threshold up to a c.m. energy of 1855MeV, focussing specifically on the$ \gamma p\rightarrow K^0\Sigma^+$γp→K0Σ+,$ \gamma n\rightarrow K^0\Lambda$γn→K0Λ, and$ \gamma n\rightarrow K^0 \Sigma^0$γn→K0Σ0reactions. Our results for$ \gamma n\rightarrow K^0 \Sigma^0$γn→K0Σ0are the first-ever measurements for that reaction. These data will provide insight into the properties of$ N^{\ast}$N*resonances and, in particular, will lead to an improved knowledge about those states that couple only weakly to the$ \pi N$πNchannel. Integrated cross sections were extracted by fitting the differential cross sections for each reaction as a series of Legendre polynomials and our results are compared with prior experimental results and theoretical predictions.
A study on the Friedmann-like Universe with torsion using Noether symmetry
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ramkumar 
Published: November 2019

This paper deals with the symmetry analysis of the Einstein Cartan Theory [E. Cartan, C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 174, 593 (1922); E. Cartan, Ann. Sci. Ec. Norm. Super 40, 325 (1923)] which is an extension of the general relativity and it accounts for the spacetime torsion [S. Basilakos et al., Phys. Rev. D 88, 103526 (2013)]. We begin by applying Noether theorem [S. Capozziello, La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento (1978–1999) 19(4), 1 (1996)] to the Lagrangian of the FRW type cosmology with torsion and choose a point transformation: [Formula: see text], such that one of the transformed variables is cyclic [S. Capozziello, M. De Laurentis and S. D. Odintsov, Eur. Phys. J. C 72, 2068 (2012)] for the Lagrangian. Then using the conserved charge [S. Capozziello, M. De Laurentis and S. D. Odintsov, Eur. Phys. J. C 72, 2068 (2012)], which is obtained by applying Noether theorem, and the constant of motion, we get the solutions and conclude that due to the presence of torsion, the FRW type cosmology is in the de Sitter phase [D. Kranas, C. G. Tsagas, J. D. Barrow and D. Iosifidis, Eur. Phys. J. C 79, 341 (2019)].
Fractional Fourier Transform for Digital Image Recognition
Authors: López-Ávila Luis Felipe , Álvarez-Borrego Josué 
Published: November 2019

In the image recognition field, there are several techniques that allow identifying patterns in digital images, correlation being one of them. In a correlation, you have to obtain an output plane that is as clean as possible. To measure the sharpness of the correlation peak and the cleanliness of the output plane, a performance metric called Peak to Correlation Energy (PCE) is used. In this paper, the fractional correlation is applied to recognize real phytoplankton images. This fractional correlation guarantees a higher PCE compared to the conventional correlation. The results of PCE are two-orders of magnitude higher than those obtained with the conventional correlation and manage to identify 91.23% of the images, while the conventional correlation only manages to identify 87.42% of them. This methodology was tested using images in salt and pepper or Gaussian noise, and the fractional correlation output plane always is cleaner and generates a better-defined correlation peak when compared with the classical correlation.
Latency of phototransduction limits transfer of higher-frequency signals in cockroach photoreceptors
Authors: Ignatova Irina I. , Saari Paulus , Frolov Roman V. 
Published: November 2019

Visual transduction in rhabdomeric photoreceptors is compartmentalized and discretized. Signals of individual microvilli, the quantum bumps, are electrotonically summed, producing a graded response. Intrinsic dispersion of quantum bump latencies is thought to introduce noise and degrade signal transfer. Here, we found profound differences in the information rate and signaling bandwidth between in vitro patch-clamp and in vivo intracellular recordings of Periplaneta americana photoreceptors and traced them to the properties of quantum bumps and membrane resistance. Comparison of macroscopic and elementary light responses revealed differences in quantum bump summation and membrane resistance in vivo versus in vitro. Modeling of voltage bumps suggested that current bumps in vivo should be much bigger and faster than those actually recorded in vitro. Importantly, the group-average latency of dark-adapted photoreceptors was 30 ± 8 ms in intracellular ( n = 34) versus 70 ± 19 ms in patch-clamp ( n = 57) recordings. Duration of composite responses increased with mean latency because bump dispersion depended on mean latency. In vivo, latency dispersion broadened the composite response by 25% on average and slowed its onset. However, in the majority of photoreceptors, the characteristic durations of multiphoton impulse responses to 1-ms stimuli did not exceed the durations of mean voltage bumps. Consistently, we found strong associations between the latency and onset kinetics of the macroscopic response, on the one hand and the higher-frequency signal gain and information rate of the photoreceptor, on the other hand, indicating a direct connection between quantum bump latency and its dispersion and the signaling bandwidth. NEW & NOTEWORTHY When stimulated by light, microvilli of rhabdomeric photoreceptors produce discrete signals characterized by variable latencies. We show that this intrinsic latency dispersion restricts signaling bandwidth and information rate of photoreceptors in Periplaneta americana. Profound differences are found between the properties of photoreceptor responses in vivo and in vitro.
Síndrome de abstinência alcoólica
Authors: Moll Marciana Fernandes , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Pires Fabiana Cristina , Boff Nathália Nunes , Silva Cristiane Borges Facuri da , Oliveira Patrícia Costa de 
Published: November 2019

Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento da equipe de Enfermagem sobre a síndrome de abstinência alcoólica e descrever os cuidados prestados por essa equipe às pessoas com síndrome de abstinência alcoólica internadas na clínica cirúrgica. Método: estudo descritivo e qualitativo com 22 profissionais de Enfermagem que atuavam na clínica cirúrgica de um hospital geral e responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada gravada e posteriormente transcrita. A Análise de Conteúdo e a Análise Temática foram utilizadas para avaliar os dados. Resultados: foram identificadas as categorias “O conhecimento da equipe de Enfermagem sobre a síndrome de abstinência alcoólica” e “Os cuidados prestados pela equipe de Enfermagem diante de pessoas em síndrome de abstinência alcoólica”. A equipe de Enfermagem reconhece os sinais e sintomas da síndrome de abstinência alcoólica, mas não os diferencia em orgânicos e psíquicos. Prioriza-se a contenção mecânica associada à farmacoterapia na prestação dos cuidados. Conclusão: recomenda-se sensibilizar e qualificar as equipes de Enfermagem para uma assistência pautada nas reais necessidades das pessoas com síndrome de abstinência alcoólica, pois esse é um desafio a ser superado para oferecer maior segurança no processo cirúrgico.
Perspectiva do usuário de drogas sobre seu tratamento e a rede de atenção psicossocial
Authors: Tibiriçá Vanessa Ayres , Luchini Eduarda Pampolin Miessi , Almeida Camila Souza de 
Published: November 2019

Objetivo: analisar a percepção do usuário de álcool e outras drogas sobre seu tratamento em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de álcool e outras drogas e de sua inserção na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, na qual se utilizaram grupos focais como forma de coleta de dados. O estudo ocorreu na cidade de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, no período de agosto a novembro de 2017. Resultados: ao todo foram cinco grupos focais em que se abordaram temas como tratamento, percurso na Rede assistencial e relação com o Sistema de Saúde da cidade. Conclusão: a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial se encontra muito fragmentada e fragilizada, o que dificulta o tratamento do usuário de álcool e outras drogas e sobrecarrega os serviços especializados em saúde mental.
Optimal Strategy and Timing of Left Ventricular Venting During Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Life Support for Adults in Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Al-Fares Abdulrahman A. , Randhawa Varinder K. , Englesakis Marina , McDonald Michael A. , Nagpal A. Dave , Estep Jerry D. , Soltesz Edward G. , Fan Eddy 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (VA-ECLS) is widely used to treat refractory cardiogenic shock. However, increased left ventricular (LV) afterload in VA-ECLS can worsen pulmonary congestion and compromise myocardial recovery. Our objectives were to explore the efficacy, safety, and optimal timing of adjunctive LV venting strategies.

Methods:
A systematic search was performed on Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CDSR, CCRCT, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.Gov, and WHO ICTRP from inception until January 2019 for all relevant studies, including LV venting. Data were analyzed for mortality and weaning from VA-ECLS on the basis of timing of LV venting, along with adverse complications.

Results:

A total of 7995 patients were included from 62 observational studies, wherein 3458 patients had LV venting during VA-ECLS. LV venting significantly improved weaning from VA-ECLS (odds ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.47–0.83];
P
=0.001) and reduced short-term (30 day; risk ratio [RR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.77–0.96];
P
=0.008) but not in-hospital (RR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.83–1.01]
P
=0.09) or long-term (6 months; RR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.90–1.03];
P
=0.27) mortality. Early (<12 hours; RR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.75–0.99];
P
=0.03) but not late (≥12 hours; RR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.71–1.38];
P
=0.93) LV venting significantly reduced short-term mortality. Patients with LV venting spent more time on VA-ECLS (3.6 versus 2.8 days,
P
<0.001), and mechanical ventilation (7.1 versus 4.6 days,
P
=0.013). With the exception of hemolysis (RR, 2.18 [95% CI, 1.58–3.01];
P
<0.00001), overall adverse events did not differ.

Conclusions:
LV venting, especially if done early (<12 hours), appears to be associated with an increased success of weaning and reduced short-term mortality. Future studies are required to delineate the importance of any or early LV venting adjuncts on mortality and morbidity outcomes.
Effect of Variable Selection Strategy on the Performance of Prognostic Models When Using Multiple Imputation
Authors: Austin Peter C. , Lee Douglas S. , Ko Dennis T. , White Ian R. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Variable selection is an important issue when developing prognostic models. Missing data occur frequently in clinical research. Multiple imputation is increasingly used to address the presence of missing data in clinical research. The effect of different variable selection strategies with multiply imputed data on the external performance of derived prognostic models has not been well examined.

Methods and Results:
We used backward variable selection with 9 different ways to handle multiply imputed data in a derivation sample to develop logistic regression models for predicting death within 1 year of hospitalization with an acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the prognostic accuracy of each derived model in a temporally distinct validation sample. The derivation and validation samples consisted of 11 524 patients hospitalized between 1999 and 2001 and 7889 patients hospitalized between 2004 and 2005, respectively. We considered 41 candidate predictor variables. Missing data occurred frequently, with only 13% of patients in the derivation sample and 31% of patients in the validation sample having complete data. Regardless of the significance level for variable selection, the prognostic model developed using only the complete cases in the derivation sample had substantially worse performance in the validation sample than did the models for which variables were selected using the multiply imputed versions of the derivation sample. The other 8 approaches to handling multiply imputed data resulted in prognostic models with performance similar to one another.

Conclusions:
Ignoring missing data and using only subjects with complete data can result in the derivation of prognostic models with poor performance. Multiple imputation should be used to account for missing data when developing prognostic models.
Comparison of In‐Hospital Mortality and Length of Stay in Acute ST‐Segment‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction Among Urban Teaching Hospitals in China and the United States
Authors: Han Hedong , Wei Xin , He Qian , Yu Yamei , Ruan Yiming , Wu Cheng , Cao Yang , Herzog Eyal , He Jia 
Published: November 2019

Background
The aim of the study is to compare in‐hospital outcomes of acute ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) between China and the United States.

Methods and Results

Urban teaching hospitals were queried for adult patients with a primary diagnosis of
acute STEMI
during 2007–2010. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was length of stay. Multivariable analyses adjusting for potential confounders were conducted for comparison between countries. Subgroup analysis was performed in
acute STEMI
patients receiving revascularization. In total, 32 228 patients in China and 76 117 patients in the United States were included. Overall in‐hospital mortality was 8.23% in China and 7.96% in the United States (
P
<0.001). Multivariable analyses revealed that the 2 countries had similar overall in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.97; 95%
CI
, 0.87–1.09;
P
=0.59), whereas China had lower 3‐day mortality (odds ratio, 0.78; 95%
CI
, 0.70–0.89;
P
<0.001). In patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary interventions, Chinese hospitals had significant higher overall mortality (odds ratio, 2.39; 95%
CI
, 1.85–3.07;
P
<0.001) and 3‐day mortality (odds ratio, 2.39; 95%
CI
, 1.78–3.20;
P
<0.001). For total acute
STEMI
patients, acute
STEMI
patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting, median length of stay in China and the United States were 10 versus 3, 9 versus 3, and 25 versus 9 days, respectively (all
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Overall in‐hospital mortality in acute
STEMI
patients was comparable among urban teaching hospitals between China and the United States during 2007–2010. In addition, 3‐day mortality was lower in China. However, worse outcomes in patients undergoing early revascularization and longer length of stay in China need to be given more attention.
Regional Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion Defect Is Associated With Early Ischemic Recurrence in Patients With a Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Nam Ki-Woong , Kim Chi Kyung , Ko Sang-Bae , Yoon Byung-Woo , Yoo Roh-Eul , Sohn Chul-Ho 
Published: November 2019

Background and Purpose—
With the lack of confirmatory examinations, the distinction of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) from various TIA-mimicking diseases is difficult, particularly in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-negative TIAs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion defects and early ischemic recurrence (FU-DWI [+]) in patients with DWI-negative TIAs.

Methods—
We assessed consecutive patients with a DWI-negative TIA within 24 hours of symptom onset, who underwent both ASL images and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging during the acute period. As markers of the ASL images, we evaluated the ASL perfusion defects in each hemisphere. Arterial transit artifact (ATA) and intraarterial high-intensity signal (IAS) were also rated as markers of collateral status and blood stagnation due to large vessel occlusion, respectively.

Results—

Among the 136 patients with a DWI-negative TIA, 33 patients had FU-DWI (+) lesions in 36 hemispheres. In the multivariable analysis, ASL defects remained an independent predictor of FU-DWI (+) (adjusted odds ratio, 13.94 [95% CI, 5.77–33.70],
P
<0.001). In the evaluation of the interactive relationship between ASL defects and ATA/IAS, the (ASL [+] ATA [−]) group showed the highest frequencies of FU-DWI (+) events (55.6%) with the highest adjusted odds ratio values (adjusted odds ratio, 14.86 [95% CI, 5.63–39.24],
P
<0.001), indicating a negative synergistic effect between the ASL defects and ATA. Meanwhile, the (ASL [+] IAS [+]) group showed higher frequencies of FU-DWI (+) and higher adjusted odds ratio values than those of the (ASL [+] IAS [−]) and (ASL [−] IAS [−]) groups, indicating a positive synergistic effect.

Conclusions—
We demonstrated that ASL perfusion defects were associated with ipsilateral FU-DWI (+) in patients with a DWI-negative TIA. Furthermore, this association was enhanced with IASs and attenuated with ATAs.