bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active Encapsulation in Biocompatible Nanocapsules
Authors: Wu Baiheng , Yang Chenjing , Li Bo , Feng Leyun , Hai Mingtan , Zhao Chun‐Xia , Chen Dong , Liu Kai , Weitz David A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCo‐precipitation is generally refers to the co‐precipitation of two solids and is widely used to prepare active‐loaded nanoparticles. Here, it is demonstrated that liquid and solid can precipitate simultaneously to produce hierarchical core–shell nanocapsules that encapsulate an oil core in a polymer shell. During the co‐precipitation process, the polymer preferentially deposits at the oil/water interface, wetting both the oil and water phases; the behavior is determined by the spreading coefficients and driven by the energy minimization. The technique is applicable to directly encapsulate various oil actives and avoid the use of toxic solvent or surfactant during the preparation process. The obtained core–shell nanocapsules harness the advantage of biocompatibility, precise control over the shell thickness, high loading capacity, high encapsulation efficiency, good dispersity in water, and improved stability against oxidation. The applications of the nanocapsules as delivery vehicles are demonstrated by the excellent performances of natural colorant and anti‐cancer drug‐loaded nanocapsules. The core–shell nanocapsules with a controlled hierarchical structure are, therefore, ideal carriers for practical applications in food, cosmetics, and drug delivery.
Low‐Cost Permanent Magnet‐Assisted Switched Reluctance Motor for Adjustable Speed Drive Applications
Authors: Kucuk Fuat , Nakamura Taketsune 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPermanent Magnet (PM) motors have been attracting great attention in recent technology because of providing higher efficiency as well as power/volume as compared to conventional wound‐rotor type machines. Recently, it has been demonstrated that NdFeB magnets, which are one of the expensive magnets, can be replaced by Alnico magnets in the case of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) without any performance degradation. However, the performance of this machine has not been analyzed so far under a proper torque control strategy. The main objective of this work is to investigate the performance of DITC‐controlled PM‐SRM under various conditions. The possible demagnetization effect of the Alnico magnets on motor performance has also been considered. Compared to same size SRM, 3% efficiency increase has been obtained at rated operation. Overall results demonstrate that PM‐SRM drive shows valuable performance and may have potential to be used in near future motor drive technology. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Preparation of nanocellulose acetate from bleached hardwood pulp and its application for seawater desalination
Authors: Chung Nguyen Hoang , Van Binh Nguyen , Dien Le Quang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNanocellulose acetate was prepared from commercial bleached Kraft hardwood cellulose by a two‐stage process. Firstly, the pulp was purified with sodium hydroxide solution followed by an acetylation process to form cellulose triacetate. Secondly, nanocellulose acetate was produced by treating the cellulose acetate obtained from the previous step with dilute sulfuric acid in presence of hydrogen peroxide at 120 °C. The synthesized products were applied to seawater desalination. Obtained results indicates that nanocellulose acetate is a promising material for seawater treatment since it shows better behavior and efficiency in this process than cellulose acetate.
Shelf‐life determination: inter‐relationship among chemical quality indicators of black tiger shrimp under different preservation conditions
Authors: Tam Le Nhat , Anh Huynh Nguyen Que , Khue Doan Nhu , Uyen Phan Thuy Xuan , Lien Nguyen Le Phuong , Van Thi Tran Thi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this current work, the post‐harvest freshness and quality of black tiger shrimp as affected by different preservation methods during 14 days of storage at 0 °C were investigated. Especially, the different preservation methods included immersing in polyphenols solution, vacuum packaging, and a combination of polyphenol solutions and vacuum packaging, which were all compared with the control method, i.e. storage in ice. The quality indicators including total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), trimethylamine (TMA‐N), histamine, hypoxanthine, and quality index (QI) were used to evaluate the quality changes of shrimp during storage. The results showed that TVB‐N, TMA‐N and histamine increased with the increasing of storage time but at two different stages, while QI and hypoxanthine content increased linearly with preservation time. The process of black spot formation was partly and almost completely inhibited when shrimps were treated with polyphenol solution and stored under vacuum conditions. Linear regression equations between biochemical quality indicators have been developed for each sample. The remaining shelf‐life can be estimated by quality index method (QIM). The shelf‐life of treated samples appeared longer than that of the control. The vacuum packaging combined with polyphenol solutions of this study has a promise to increase the shelf‐life and quality of shrimp.
Study on Ni(II) adsorption by calcium alginate beads
Authors: Minh Vu Xuan , Dung Kim Thi Trang , Lan Pham Thi , Hanh Le Thi My , Dung Nguyen Tuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNickel is one of the toxic heavy metals, it is widely used in our daily lives, so there is a lot of risk of being released into the water to poison the human, flora, and fauna. In this study, we investigated the adsorption of Ni(II) on calcium alginate beads (CA), a natural polysaccharide with many outstanding advantages. The effects of initial pH, adsorptive times, and initial concentration of Ni(II) on the adsorption process were investigated. The results showed that the pH value of 3‐7.5 was favorable for the adsorption of Ni(II) on CA, the equilibrium adsorption started 60 minutes. The pseudo‐second order kinetic equation, both Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal models were fit to describe the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 6.48 mg/g with wet alginate calcium beads, corresponding to 144 mg/g dry beads. Materials after adsorption were also studied desorption for reuse.
Synthesis and adsorption ability of manganese ferrite/graphene oxide nanocomposites for arsenic(V) removal from water
Authors: Thy Lu Thi Mong , My Nguyen Huong Tra , Tuong Huynh Huy Phuong , Chi Chung Vi , Tu Tran Hoang , Ha Huynh Ky Phuong , Nam Hoang Minh , Phong Mai Thanh , Hieu Nguyen Huu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis work aims to synthesise manganese ferrite/graphene oxide (MnFe2O4/GO) matrrials with various MnFe2O4 contents from 20‐60 wt.% in material for arsenic(V) (As(V)) removal. The nanocomposites were studied by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller, and vibrating‐sample magnetometry. The suitable mass ratio of MnFe2O4 in nanocomposite for As(V) removal was 50 wt.% (MGO50). The adsorption process on MGO50 followed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models with the maximum adsorption amounts of 212.3 mg/g. Accordingly, MGO50 nanocomposite could be used as an effective adsorbent for removal of As(V) from water.
Mini Review: Anticancer activity of diterpenoid peroxides
Authors: Sikorsky Tatyana V. , Ermolenko Ekaterina V. , Gloriozova Tatyana A. , Dembitsky Valery M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this review, we present about 100 diterpenoid hydro‐ and endoperoxides isolated from algae, liverworts, leaves, bark, roots and other parts of plants. for the vast majority of hydroperoxides, antitumor activity dominates with a confidence of 63 % to 94 %. And for individual hydroperoxides, antiprotozoal (Plasmodium) activity was also found. For endoperoxides, antitumor activity is dominant with a confidence of 59 to 90 percent. Anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal activities have also been detected for individual endoperoxides. The data obtained are of interest to pharmacologists, medical professionals, as well as to the pharmaceutical industry.
Development of a hybrid DLT cloud architecture for the automated use of finite element simulation as a service for fine blanking
Authors: Stanke Joachim , Unterberg Martin , Trauth Daniel , Bergs Thomas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNetworking and digitization in manufacturing enable novel methods of data-driven analysis and optimization of processes through cross-process data availability. The creation of digital twins plays an important role in this. However, not all data relevant for a digital twin can be measured directly in the process. Therefore, methods are needed that enable the modelling of quantities that are difficult or impossible to measure directly in the process, such as the finite element method. In many companies, however, neither the know-how nor the necessary IT infrastructure for finite element simulations is available. External commissioning processes are also not suitable for achieving the goals of higher productivity and agility pursued with the digitization and networking of manufacturing processes. In this contribution, an architecture is presented that enables the fully automated use of finite element simulation as a service. The architecture is developed using the case study of fine blanking. First, the requirements of the architecture to be created are determined. Important characteristics of the architecture should be scalability as well as interfaces and means of payment suitable for machine communication. In addition, ensuring data integrity is an important requirement when creating the digital twin. Based on the identified requirements, an architecture is then presented that meets these requirements by using cloud computing and distributed ledger technologies and interfaces that can directly process measurement signals from the process and communicate with the architecture. Finally, the capability of the architecture is tested, possible applications and limitations are discussed, and future extensions are considered.
Adaptive stochastic Galerkin FEM for lognormal coefficients in hierarchical tensor representations
Authors: Eigel Martin , Marschall Manuel , Pfeffer Max , Schneider Reinhold 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStochastic Galerkin methods for non-affine coefficient representations are known to cause major difficulties from theoretical and numerical points of view. In this work, an adaptive Galerkin FE method for linear parametric PDEs with lognormal coefficients discretized in Hermite chaos polynomials is derived. It employs problem-adapted function spaces to ensure solvability of the variational formulation. The inherently high computational complexity of the parametric operator is made tractable by using hierarchical tensor representations. For this, a new tensor train format of the lognormal coefficient is derived and verified numerically. The central novelty is the derivation of a reliable residual-based a posteriori error estimator. This can be regarded as a unique feature of stochastic Galerkin methods. It allows for an adaptive algorithm to steer the refinements of the physical mesh and the anisotropic Wiener chaos polynomial degrees. For the evaluation of the error estimator to become feasible, a numerically efficient tensor format discretization is developed. Benchmark examples with unbounded lognormal coefficient fields illustrate the performance of the proposed Galerkin discretization and the fully adaptive algorithm.
Development and validation of a multi-analyte GC-MS method for the determination of 84 substances from plastic food contact materials
Authors: Tsochatzis Emmanouil D. , Alberto Lopes Joao , Hoekstra Eddo , Emons Hendrik 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChemical substances shall not migrate from food contact materials (FCM) at levels that are potentially harmful for the consumers. Each of the current analytical methods applied to verify the migration of substances from FCM covers only one or few substances. There is a very limited number of publications on the development of analytical methods allowing the simultaneous determination of several classes of FCM substances, and almost none of them reported methods entirely dedicated to the ones in the positive list of Commission Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011 for plastic FCMs. Therefore, a simple, sensitive and reliable multi-analyte method was developed for the analysis of FCM substances in food simulants. It employs an optimised liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane as extraction solvent in the presence of 10% m/v NaCl, followed by quantitative analysis with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A combination of total ion chromatograms (TICs) and extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) was used. The optimisation and validation of the method have been carried out according to current international guidelines. Adequate sensitivity was demonstrated in the selected concentration ranges for most of the analytes, with limits of quantification (LOQs) at least three times lower than the legislative limit, when existing. The results showed that the method is sufficiently accurate for the majority of substances, with recoveries between 70 and 115% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) smaller than 20% at three concentration levels. The method was applied to the analysis of some FCM multilayers. The method allows, for the first time, the simultaneous quantification of 84 FCM substances in two of the official food simulants (A and C) at levels of a few ng g−1.
A Fixed-Point Policy-Iteration-Type Algorithm for Symmetric Nonzero-Sum Stochastic Impulse Control Games
Authors: Zabaljauregui Diego 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNonzero-sum stochastic differential games with impulse controls offer a realistic and far-reaching modelling framework for applications within finance, energy markets, and other areas, but the difficulty in solving such problems has hindered their proliferation. Semi-analytical approaches make strong assumptions pertaining to very particular cases. To the author’s best knowledge, the only numerical method in the literature is the heuristic one we put forward in Aïd et al (ESAIM Proc Surv 65:27–45, 2019) to solve an underlying system of quasi-variational inequalities. Focusing on symmetric games, this paper presents a simpler, more precise and efficient fixed-point policy-iteration-type algorithm which removes the strong dependence on the initial guess and the relaxation scheme of the previous method. A rigorous convergence analysis is undertaken with natural assumptions on the players strategies, which admit graph-theoretic interpretations in the context of weakly chained diagonally dominant matrices. A novel provably convergent single-player impulse control solver is also provided. The main algorithm is used to compute with high precision equilibrium payoffs and Nash equilibria of otherwise very challenging problems, and even some which go beyond the scope of the currently available theory.
High-Resolution Modeling of Uplift Landscapes can Inform Micrositing of Wind Turbines for Soaring Raptors
Authors: Hanssen Frank , May Roel , Nygård Torgeir 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCollision risk of soaring birds is partly associated with updrafts to which they are attracted. To identify the risk-enhancing landscape features, a micrositing tool was developed to model orographic and thermal updraft velocities from high-resolution remote sensing data. The tool was applied to the island of Hitra, and validated using GPS-tracked white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla). Resource selection functions predicted that eagles preferred ridges with high orographic uplift, especially at flight altitudes within the rotor-swept zone (40–110 m). Flight activity was negatively associated with the widely distributed areas with high thermal uplift at lower flight altitudes (<110 m). Both the existing wind-power plant and planned extension are placed at locations rendering maximum orographic updraft velocities around the minimum sink rate for white-tailed eagles (0.75 m/s) but slightly higher thermal updraft velocities. The tool can contribute to improve micrositing of wind turbines to reduce the environmental impacts, especially for soaring raptors.
The Impact of a Laparoscopic Surgery Training Course in a Developing Country
Authors: Westwood Esther , Malla Balaram , Ward Jeremy , Lal Roshan , Aryal Kamal 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionSurgeons training junior colleagues to perform laparoscopic surgery find the ‘apprenticeship’ model of surgical training inadequate. Therefore, the use of training courses involving simulation have become an important way to teach laparoscopic surgery. An annual laparoscopic surgery course began in Nepal in 2013. It is difficult to assess the impact of the course on trainees and demonstrate a subsequent improvement in patient outcomes, but one way is to ask delegates for reflections on their experience of the course and their perception of how it has impacted patients.MethodsThe course involved simulation and patient‐based training. A questionnaire to collect quantitative data and qualitative comments was sent to all 80 previous delegates (at least 9 months after the course) in September 2018.ResultsTwenty‐eight delegates responded. The majority demonstrated career progression since completing the course (independent practitioners increased from 7 to 50%) and progression in their practice (18% had performed >20 laparoscopic procedures at the time of the course, vs 70% at the time of the questionnaire). All delegates felt that laparoscopic training is useful in the Nepalese context. Delegates felt the course was useful in developing skills, and improving confidence and safety. Suggestions for improvement included lengthening the course and increasing the amount of practical exposure.ConclusionThere was a positive outcome of the course to Kirkpatrick level 2. There is a need to expand the course's scope to an advanced level, increase its length and start courses in other centres, to ensure the most possible benefit to patients.
Mixture distributions in a stochastic gene expression model with delayed feedback: a WKB approximation approach
Authors: Bokes Pavol , Borri Alessandro , Palumbo Pasquale , Singh Abhyudai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNoise in gene expression can be substantively affected by the presence of production delay. Here we consider a mathematical model with bursty production of protein, a one-step production delay (the passage of which activates the protein), and feedback in the frequency of bursts. We specifically focus on examining the steady-state behaviour of the model in the slow-activation (i.e. large-delay) regime. Using a formal asymptotic approach, we derive an autonomous ordinary differential equation for the inactive protein that applies in the slow-activation regime. If the differential equation is monostable, the steady-state distribution of the inactive (active) protein is approximated by a single Gaussian (Poisson) mode located at the globally stable fixed point of the differential equation. If the differential equation is bistable (due to cooperative positive feedback), the steady-state distribution of the inactive (active) protein is approximated by a mixture of Gaussian (Poisson) modes located at the stable fixed points; the weights of the modes are determined from a WKB approximation to the stationary distribution. The asymptotic results are compared to numerical solutions of the chemical master equation.
The chemistry of cross-linked polymeric vesicles and their functionalization towards biocatalytic nanoreactors
Authors: Moreno Silvia , Voit Brigitte , Gaitzsch Jens 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelf-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers into polymersomes continues to be a hot topic in modern research on biomimetics. Their well-known and valued mechanical strength can be increased even further if they are cross-linked. These additional bonds prevent a collapse or disassembly of the polymersomes and open the way towards smart nanoreactors. A variety of chemistries have been applied to obtain the desired cross-linked polymersomes, and therefore, the chemical approaches performed over time will be highlighted in this mini-review. Due to the large number of studies, a selected set of photo-cross-linked and pH-sensitive polymersomes will be specifically highlighted. This system has proven to be a very potent candidate for the formation of nanoreactors and drug delivery systems, and even for the formation of functional multicompartment cell mimics.
Early cognitive and emotional outcome after stroke is independent of discharge destination
Authors: Slenders Jos P. L. , Verberne Daan P. J. , Visser-Meily Johanna M. A. , Van den Berg-Vos Renske M. , Kwa Vincent I. H. , van Heugten Caroline M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background and purpose
Cognitive and emotional problems occur frequently after stroke. Patients with minor stroke are more likely to be discharged home. This paper compares early cognitive and emotional outcomes in patients discharged home after stroke versus patients discharged to inpatient rehabilitation, and examines the effect of cognitive and emotional outcomes on long-term participation.

Methods
In this multicenter prospective cohort study, patients with stroke were assessed at two months with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Checklist for Cognitive and Emotional Consequences following Stroke (CLCE-24) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). One year post stroke, participation was assessed with the Restriction subscale of the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation—Participation (USER-P Restriction).

Results
The study included 332 patients. Two months post stroke, anxiety and cognitive problems were equally prevalent among patients discharged home (n = 243; 73%) and patients discharged to inpatient rehabilitation (n = 89; 27%) (HADS-A = 4.8 ± 3.9 versus 4.6 ± 4.0, p = 0.747; MoCA < 26: 66.7% versus 70.8%, p = 0.477; CLCE-cognition = 3.0 ± 2.9 versus 3.3 ± 2.8, p = 0.499). Depressive symptoms were less severe in patients discharged home (HADS-D = 4.3 ± 3.9 versus 5.5 ± 3.8, p = 0.010). In patients discharged home, cognitive complaints were predictive of long-term participation (B = − 2.03; 95% CI − 3.15, − 0.90), while cognitive or emotional outcomes were not predictive in patients discharged to inpatient rehabilitation.

Conclusions
Cognitive and emotional problems at two months post stroke were comparable between patients discharged home and those discharged to inpatient rehabilitation. For patients discharged home, cognitive complaints were predictive of long-term participation.