bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triage‐HF Plus: a novel device‐based remote monitoring pathway to identify worsening heart failure
Authors: Ahmed Fozia Zahir , Taylor Joanne K. , Green Caroline , Moore Lucy , Goode Angelic , Black Paula , Howard Lesley , Fullwood Catherine , Zaidi Amir , Seed Alison , Cunnington Colin , Motwani Manish 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsRemote monitoring of patients with physiological data derived from cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIEDs) offers potential to reconfigure clinical services. The ‘Heart Failure Risk Score' (HFRS) uses input from integrated device physiological monitoring to risk‐stratify patients as low‐risk, medium‐risk, or high‐risk of a heart failure event in the next 30 days. This study aimed to evaluate a novel clinical pathway utilizing a combination of CIED risk‐stratification and telephone triage to identify patients with worsening heart failure (WHF).Methods and resultsA prospective, single‐centre, real‐world evaluation of the ‘Triage‐HF Plus' clinical pathway (HFRS in combination with telephone triage) over a 27 month period. One hundred and fifty‐seven high‐risk HFRS transmissions were referred for telephone triage assessment. Interventions were at the discretion of the clinical assessor acting in accordance with clinical guidelines. An additional 3month consecutive sample of low and medium HFRS transmissions (control group) were also contacted for telephone triage assessment (n = 98). Successful telephone contact was made in 127 (81%) of referred high‐risk HFRS cases: 71 (55.9%) were confirmed to have WHF requiring intervention; 19 (14.9%) had an alternative acute medical problem; one patient had been recently discharged from hospital with WHF; and 36 (28.0%) had no apparent cause for the high score. In the control group, only one patient had symptoms of WHF. The sensitivity and specificity of CIED‐based remote monitoring to identify WHF 98.6% (92.5–100.0%) and 63.4% (55.2–71.0%), respectively.ConclusionsThe Triage‐HF Plus clinical pathway is a potentially useful remote monitoring tool for patients with heart failure and in situ CIEDs.
A social identity model of riot diffusion: From injustice to empowerment in the 2011 London riots
Authors: Drury John , Stott Clifford , Ball Roger , Reicher Stephen , Neville Fergus , Bell Linda , Biddlestone Mikey , Choudhury Sanjeedah , Lovell Max , Ryan Caoimhe 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrevious research has shown that riots spread across multiple locations, but has not explained underlying psychological processes. We examined rioting in three locations during the August 2011 disorders in England to test a social identity model of riot diffusion. We triangulated multiple sources to construct a narrative of events; and we analysed interviews with 68 participants to examine experiences. In line with the model, we found evidence for two pathways of influence: “cognitive” and “strategic”. For some participants, previous rioting was highly self‐relevant, and shared identity was the basis of their subsequent involvement. For others, previous rioting was empowering because it demonstrated the vulnerability of a common enemy (the police). In each location, interaction dynamics mediated the link between initial perceptions and collective action. The utility of this social identity approach is that it is able to account for both the boundaries and the sequence of urban riot diffusion.
Effects of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus supplements on growth and biochemical composition of Podohedriella sp. (MCC44) isolated from northeast India
Authors: Ghosh Ashmita , Sarkar Sambit , Gayen Kalyan , Bhowmick Tridib K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicroalgae are photosynthetic microscopic organisms, which became popular worldwide due to the promising resource of sustainable and clean energy production with economic and environmental benefits. In this study, one microalgae strain, Podohedriella sp. (MCC44), was isolated from the paddy field, located in Gomati district of Tripura state (northeast part of India). Identification of isolated strain was confirmed by 18S rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) sequencing analysis. Ultrastructure morphology and surface elemental composition of the strain were revealed for the isolated Podohedriella sp. (MCC44). Results of this study have shown isolated Podohedriella sp. is efficiently able to trap carbon from the atmosphere and can be considered as a way to mitigate CO2 gas emissions from the flue gases generated from the industries. Effects of macronutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) at different concentrations in the BG‐11 media on growth rate and biomolecular compositions such as chlorophyll, protein, carbohydrate, and lipid content were investigated. Maximum biomass (0.4 g/L) of isolated Podohedriella sp. (MCC44) was obtained when the initial nitrogen‐to‐phosphorus ratio was maintained at 8.7 in the BG‐11 media. Variation in the concentrations of macronutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) shows that isolated Podohedriella sp. (MCC44) is enriched with (~30–40%) carbohydrate, (30–45%) protein, and (15–24%) lipid. Therefore, freshwater microalgae strain with elevated growth rate and maximum protein, carbohydrate, and lipid content would grow the interest in microalgae globally for high biomass production and other multiple applications.
Agent‐based negotiation approach for feature interactions in smart home systems using calculus of the context‐aware ambient
Authors: Alfakeeh Ahmed S. , Al‐Bayatti Ali H. , Siewe Francois , Baker Thar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSmart home systems (SHSs) provide several services that are tailored to different residents' preferences. As a result, SHSs are highly exposed to undesirable interactions, known as feature interactions (FIs). FIs might occur as a result of a conflict in services' goals or a conflict with residents' preferences. Previous studies have proposed solutions based on applying priorities, in which some services or preferable features are disabled in favor of other services. Alternatively, the agent‐based negotiation approach (ABNA) utilizes agents and applies negotiation, enabling services with contrary features to work simultaneously. ABNA avoids applying priority between services or house residents' preferences whenever a space for a compromise exists. The mechanism of ABNA is based on the use of a hierarchy of features based on their contribution to the function of the service or on the importance of these features to house residents. To achieve a compromise between conflicting services, ABNA models services and residents by using agents, and implements a negotiation algorithm that allows services with conflicting features to work simultaneously. This paper presents a description of ABNA with a formal specification of ABNA in the calculus of context‐aware ambient (CCA). This enables the formal analysis of ABNA by using the execution environment of CCA.
An analytic study of architecture, security, privacy, query processing, and performance evaluation of database‐as‐a‐service
Authors: Khan Fakhri Alam , Jamjoom Mona , Ahmad Awais , Asif Muhammad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the present era of technology, the pace of data generation is very high, and the biggest challenge is the manageability of data with efficient and secure storage options as well as at lower cost. Therefore, in this article, we have elaborated the database‐as‐a‐service (DaaS) concept having its introduction, architecture, security and privacy, query processing, and an analytic performance evaluation relating to query performance on encrypted data of DaaS. We have conducted an analytic study of the state‐of‐the‐art by analyzing CPU and query execution time. According to this evaluation, it is concluded that data encryption and decryption need heavy processing power and are time‐consuming. Moreover, there is several query execution problems that exist on encrypted data. A major improvement in query performance may be achieved through parallel query execution after the deployment of multithreading having maximum possible threads.
Composite Anion Exchange Membranes from Quaternized Poly(arylene ether ketone) and Quaternized Titanate Nanotubes with Enhanced Ion Conductivity
Authors: Lu Y. , Hu Z. , Liu Y. , Buregeya I. , Pan X. , Li N. , Chen S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present work deals with the fabrications and characterizations of nanocomposite anion exchange membranes composed of quaternized titanate nanotubes (QTNT) and quaternized poly(arylene ether ketone)s (QPAEK) for fuel cell applications. QTNT was synthesized by coupling reaction of (3‐chloropropyl) trimethoxy silane on titania nanotubes (TNT) and Menshutkin reaction with trimethylamine. The nanocomposite membranes were prepared by the facile solvent casting method. The introduction of the quaternary ammonium groups generates strong interfacial interactions and contributes to the better compatibility between the QPAEK and QTNT. A rather small amount of QTNT (no more than 1 wt.%) incorporated into the membrane substantially enhanced the performance of the obtained QPAEK/QTNT nanocomposite membranes, including the better solvent resistance, dimensional stability, ion conductivity, chemical stability and fuel cell performance. The QPAEK/QTNT‐1 membrane exhibited an appreciable ion conductivity of 52.5 mS cm−1, swelling ratio of 10% at 80 °C. It also produced the maximum power density of 62.8 mW cm−2, which was 1.4 times as high as that for the control QPAEK membrane (46.1 mW cm−2) in a H2/O2 fuel cell at 80 °C and 100% relative humidity (RH). It gives good prospect for the QTNT as inorganic nanofillers in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications.
mTOR‐mediated metabolic reprogramming shapes distinct microglia functions in response to lipopolysaccharide and ATP
Authors: Hu Yaling , Mai Weihao , Chen Lunhao , Cao Kelei , Zhang Bin , Zhang Zhenjie , Liu Yijun , Lou Huifang , Duan Shumin , Gao Zhihua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicroglia constantly survey the brain microenvironment and rapidly adopt different phenotypes in response to environmental stimuli. Such dynamic functions require a unique metabolism and bioenergetics. However, little is known about the basic metabolism of microglia and how metabolic changes regulate microglia function. Here, we uncover that microglia activation is accompanied by extensive transcriptional changes in glucose and lipid metabolism‐related genes. Using metabolic flux assays, we found that LPS, a prototype of the pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), significantly enhanced glycolysis but suppressed oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in primary cultured microglia. By contrast, ATP, a known damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) that triggers sterile activation of microglia, boosted both glycolysis and OXPHOS. Importantly, both LPS and ATP activated the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and enhanced the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of mTOR activity suppressed glycolysis and ROS production in both conditions but exerted different effects on OXPHOS: it attenuated the ATP‐induced elevation of OXPHOS, yet had no impact on the LPS‐induced suppression of OXPHOS. Further, inhibition of mTOR or glycolysis decreased production of LPS‐induced proinflammatory cytokines and ATP‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in microglia. Our study reveals a critical role for mTOR in the regulation of metabolic programming of microglia to shape their distinct functions under different states and shed light on the potential application of targeting metabolism to interfere with microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation in multiple disorders.
Reliability of a functional magnetic resonance imaging task of emotional conflict in healthy participants
Authors: Hassel Stefanie , Sharma Gulshan B. , Alders Gésine L. , Davis Andrew D. , Arnott Stephen R. , Frey Benicio N. , Hall Geoffrey B. , Harris Jacqueline K. , Lam Raymond W. , Milev Roumen , Müller Daniel J. , Rotzinger Susan , Zamyadi Mojdeh , Kennedy Sidney H. , Strother Stephen C. , MacQueen Glenda M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTask‐based functional neuroimaging methods are increasingly being used to identify biomarkers of treatment response in psychiatric disorders. To facilitate meaningful interpretation of neural correlates of tasks and their potential changes with treatment over time, understanding the reliability of the blood‐oxygen‐level dependent (BOLD) signal of such tasks is essential. We assessed test–retest reliability of an emotional conflict task in healthy participants collected as part of the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression. Data for 36 participants, scanned at three time points (weeks 0, 2, and 8) were analyzed, and intra‐class correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to quantify reliability. We observed moderate reliability (median ICC values between 0.5 and 0.6), within occipital, parietal, and temporal regions, specifically for conditions of lower cognitive complexity, that is, face, congruent or incongruent trials. For these conditions, activation was also observed within frontal and sub‐cortical regions, however, their reliability was poor (median ICC < 0.2). Clinically relevant prognostic markers based on task‐based fMRI require high predictive accuracy at an individual level. For this to be achieved, reliability of BOLD responses needs to be high. We have shown that reliability of the BOLD response to an emotional conflict task in healthy individuals is moderate. Implications of these findings to further inform studies of treatment effects and biomarker discovery are discussed.
Implementing successful systematic Patient Reported Outcome and Experience Measures (PROMs and PREMs) in robotic oncological surgery—The role of physicians
Authors: Lungu Daniel Adrian , Pennucci Francesca , De Rosis Sabina , Romano Gaetano , Melfi Franca 
Published: December 2019

SummaryPatient Reported Outcome and Experience Measures (PROMs and PREMs) play an increasingly important role in monitoring the quality of the oncological pathway. The aim of this study is to describe the case of five hospitals a year after the adoption of PROMs and PREMs for robotic oncological colorectal surgery in Tuscany and to investigate how the clinicians can impact the process of implementation and the efficacy of such measures. We used 14 months of data from the five robotic centers in Tuscany. Above all, the physician's personal motivation to improve the treatment of patients, the teamwork, and the possibility to use data for research purposes proved to be the essential factors for their engagement and the successful implementation of patient reported measures. Physicians play a key role in the adoption of systematic PROMs and PREMs. The higher their level of engagement, the higher the collection success, both in terms of number of patients enrolled and response rates. Moreover, the collection of patient reported measures may become part of physicians' daily practice and may lead to a change in their relationship and communication with patients, as clinicians accept to have their job reviewed and are not afraid to be evaluated by their patients.
Detecting metabolic differences in fetal and adult sheep adipose and skeletal muscle tissues
Authors: Darby Jack R. T. , Sorvina Alexandra , Bader Christie A. , Lock Mitchell C. , Soo Jia Yin , Holman Stacey L. , Seed Mike , Kuchel Tim , Brooks Douglas A. , Plush Sally E. , Morrison Janna L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe primary metabolic pathway required to produce ATP differs as a result of tissue type, developmental stage and substrate availability. We utilized molecular and histological techniques to define the metabolic status in foetal and adult, adipose and skeletal muscle tissues. Redox ratios of these tissues were also determined optically by two‐photon microscopy. Adult perirenal adipose tissue had a higher optical redox ratio than fetal perirenal adipose tissue, which aligned with glycolysis being used for ATP production; whereas adult skeletal muscle had a lower optical redox ratio than fetal skeletal muscle, which aligned with oxygen demanding oxidative phosphorylation activity being utilized for ATP production. We have compared traditional molecular and microscopy techniques of metabolic tissue characterization with optical redox ratios to provide a more comprehensive report on the dynamics of tissue metabolism.
Raman spectral discrimination in human liquid biopsies of oesophageal transformation to adenocarcinoma
Authors: Maitra Ishaan , Morais Camilo L. M. , Lima Kássio M. G. , Ashton Katherine M. , Date Ravindra S. , Martin Francis L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometric analysis can be applied to interrogate biofluids (plasma, serum, saliva and urine) towards detecting oesophageal stages through to oesophageal adenocarcinoma [normal/squamous epithelium, inflammatory, Barrett's, low‐grade dysplasia, high‐grade dysplasia and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC)]. The chemometric analysis of the spectral data was performed using principal component analysis, successive projections algorithm or genetic algorithm (GA) followed by quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). The genetic algorithm quadratic discriminant analysis (GA‐QDA) model using a few selected wavenumbers for saliva and urine samples achieved 100% classification for all classes. For plasma and serum, the GA‐QDA model achieved excellent accuracy in all oesophageal stages (>90%). The main GA‐QDA features responsible for sample discrimination were: 1012 cm−1 (C─O stretching of ribose), 1336 cm−1 (Amide III and CH2 wagging vibrations from glycine backbone), 1450 cm−1 (methylene deformation) and 1660 cm−1 (Amide I). The results of this study are promising and support the concept that Raman on biofluids may become a useful and objective diagnostic tool to identify oesophageal disease stages from squamous epithelium to OAC.
PARP1 Hinders Histone H2B Occupancy at the NFATc1 Promoter to Restrain Osteoclast Differentiation
Authors: Wang Chun , Xiao Jianqiu , Nowak Kathrin , Gunasekera Kapila , Alippe Yael , Speckman Sheree , Yang Tong , Kress Dustin , Abu-Amer Yousef , Hottiger Michael O. , Mbalaviele Gabriel 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Induction of nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is essential for macrophage differentiation into osteoclasts (OCs), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The ability of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) to poly-ADP-ribosylate NFATc1 in T cells prompted us to investigate the PARP1 and NFATc1 interaction during osteoclastogenesis. However, extensive studies failed to directly link PARP1 to NFATc1. A combination of transcriptomics and proteomics studies was then used to identify PARP1 targets under these conditions. These unbiased approaches in conjunction with site-directed mutagenesis studies revealed that PARP1 inhibited NFATc1 expression and OC formation by ADP-ribosylating histone H2B at serine 7 and decreasing the occupancy of this histone variant at the NFATc1 promoter. The anti-osteoclastogenic function of PARP1 was confirmed in vivo in several mouse models of PARP1 loss-of-function or gain-of-function, including a novel model in which PARP1 was conditionally ablated in myeloid cells. Thus, PARP1 ADP-ribosylates H2B to negatively regulate NFATc1 expression and OC differentiation. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Functional Osteoblasts
Authors: Zhu Hui , Swami Srilatha , Yang Pinglin , Shapiro Frederic , Wu Joy Y. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Although induced pluripotent stem cells hold promise as a potential source of osteoblasts for skeletal regeneration, the induction of pluripotency followed by directed differentiation into osteoblasts is time consuming and low yield. In contrast, direct lineage reprogramming without an intervening stem/progenitor cell stage would be a more efficient approach to generate osteoblasts. We screened combinations of osteogenic transcription factors and identified four factors, Runx2, Osx, Dlx5, and ATF4, that rapidly and efficiently reprogram mouse fibroblasts derived from 2.3 kb type I collagen promoter-driven green fluorescent protein (Col2.3GFP) transgenic mice into induced osteoblast cells (iOBs). iOBs exhibit osteoblast morphology, form mineralized nodules, and express Col2.3GFP and gene markers of osteoblast differentiation. The global transcriptome profiles validated that iOBs resemble primary osteoblasts. Genomewide DNA methylation analysis demonstrates that within differentially methylated loci, the methylation status of iOBs more closely resembles primary osteoblasts than mouse fibroblasts. We further demonstrate that Col2.3GFP+ iOBs have transcriptome profiles similar to GFP+ cells harvested from Col2.3GFP mouse bone chips. Functionally, Col2.3GFP+ iOBs form mineralized bone structures after subcutaneous implantation in immunodeficient mice and contribute to bone healing in a tibia bone fracture model. These findings provide an approach to derive and study osteoblasts for skeletal regeneration. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Healing is not linear: Using photography to describe the day‐to‐day healing journeys of undergraduate women survivors of sexual violence
Authors: Sinko Laura , Munro‐Kramer Michelle , Conley Terri , Burns Courtney J. , Arnault Denise M. Saint 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe the day‐to‐day healing processes of women who experienced undergraduate sexual violence. We engaged 19 women in a photo‐elicitation experience with follow‐up individual interviews to identify themes of both healing and darker moments in survivors' everyday lives. Healing was found to function on a continuum influenced by darker moments (i.e., moments that elicited fear, anxiety, loneliness, guilt, anger, and worthlessness) and healing moments (i.e., rebuilding moments of self‐care, self‐love, connection, hope, peace, and freedom). Responses to darker moments included feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and intentional vulnerability. Healing moments were influenced by self‐reflection, authentic interactions, and resource utilization. The photographs taken in this study shed light on the impact of sexual violence in women's daily lives long after these traumatic and unjust experiences. This knowledge can be used to foster a sense of universality in survivors who are currently struggling and growing after their experiences as well as give service providers greater insight into what survivors' day‐to‐day needs may be.