bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of macrotrabecular‐massive hepatocellular carcinoma through multiphasic CT‐based representation learning method
Authors: Zhang Zhenyang , Zhang Wanli , He Chutong , Xie Jincheng , Liang Fangrong , Zhao Yandong , Tan Lilian , Lai Shengsheng , Jiang Xinqing , Wei Xinhua , Zhen Xin , Yang Ruimeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMacrotrabecular‐massive hepatocellular carcinoma (MTM‐HCC) represents an aggressive subtype of HCC and is associated with poor survival.PurposeTo investigate the performance of a representation learning‐based feature fusion strategy that employs a multiphase contrast‐enhanced CT (mpCECT)‐based latent feature fusion (MCLFF) model for MTM‐HCC identification.MethodsA total of 206 patients (54 MTM HCC, 152 non‐MTM HCC) who underwent preoperative mpCECT with surgically confirmed HCC between July 2017 and December 2022 were retrospectively included from two medical centers. Multiphasic radiomics features were extracted from manually delineated volume of interest (VOI) of all lesions on each mpCECT phase. Representation learning based MCLFF model was built to fuse multiphasic features for MTM HCC prediction, and compared with competing models using other fusion methods. Conventional imaging features and clinical factors were also evaluated and analyzed. Prediction performance was validated by ROC analysis and statistical comparisons on an internal validation and an external testing dataset.ResultsFusion of radiomics features from the arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PAP) using MCLFF demonstrated superior performance in MTM HCC prediction, with a higher AUC of 0.857 compared with all competing models in the internal validation set. Integration of multiple radiological or clinical features further improved the overall performance, with the highest AUCs of 0.857 and 0.836 respectively achieved in the internal validation and external testing set.ConclusionsMultiphasic radiomics features of AP and PVP fused by the MCLFF have demonstrated substantial potential in the accurate prediction of MTM HCC. Clinical factors and Radiological features in mpCECT contribute incremental values to the developed MCLFF strategy.
A device‐dependent auto‐segmentation method based on combined generalized and single‐device datasets
Authors: Lim Hyeongjin , Gi Yongha , Ko Yousun , Jo Yunhui , Hong Jinyoung , Kim Jonghyun , Ahn Sung Hwan , Park Hee‐Chul , Kim Haeyoung , Chung Kwangzoo , Yoon Myonggeun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough generalized‐dataset‐based auto‐segmentation models that consider various computed tomography (CT) scanners have shown great clinical potential, their application to medical images from unseen scanners remains challenging because of device‐dependent image features.PurposeThis study aims to investigate the performance of a device‐dependent auto‐segmentation model based on a combined dataset of a generalized dataset and single CT scanner dataset.MethodWe constructed two training datasets for 21 chest and abdominal organs. The generalized dataset comprised 1203 publicly available multi‐scanner data. The device‐dependent dataset comprised 1253 data, including the 1203 multi‐CT scanner data and 50 single CT scanner data. Using these datasets, the generalized‐dataset‐based model (GDSM) and the device‐dependent‐dataset‐based model (DDSM) were trained. The models were trained using nnU‐Net and tested on ten data samples from a single CT scanner. The evaluation metrics included the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), the Hausdorff distance (HD), and the average symmetric surface distance (ASSD), which were used to assess the overall performance of the models. In addition, DSCdiff, HDratio, and ASSDratio, which are variations of the three existing metrics, were used to compare the performance of the models across different organs.ResultFor the average DSC, the GDSM and DDSM had values of 0.9251 and 0.9323, respectively. For the average HD, the GDSM and DDSM had values of 10.66 and 9.139 mm, respectively; for the average ASSD, the GDSM and DDSM had values of 0.8318 and 0.6656 mm, respectively. Compared with the GDSM, the DDSM showed consistent performance improvements of 0.78%, 14%, and 20% for the DSC, HD, and ASSD metrics, respectively. In addition, compared with the GDSM, the DDSM had better DSCdiff values in 14 of 21 tested organs, better HDratio values in 13 of 21 tested organs, and better ASSDratio values in 14 of 21 tested organs. The three averages of the variant metrics were all better for the DDSM than for the GDSM.ConclusionThe results suggest that combining the generalized dataset with a single scanner dataset resulted in an overall improvement in model performance for that device image.
Parameter map guided explainable segmentation framework for breast cancer using amide proton transfer weighted imaging
Authors: Yang Qiuhui , Wang Meng , Dou Weiqiang , Ren Ya , Zhang Tianyu , Qian Long , Xu Yi , Li Kefeng , Wang Mingwei , Sun Yue , Liu Zhou , Tan Tao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmide proton transfer weighted (APTw) imaging has demonstrated extensive clinical applications in diagnosing, treating evaluating, and prognosis prediction of breast cancer. There is a pressing need to automatically segment breast lesions on APTw original images to facilitate downstream quantification, which is however challenging.PurposeTo build a segmentation model on the original images of APTw imaging sequence by leveraging the varying contrasts between breast lesions and their surrounding glandular and fat tissues displayed on the original images of APTw imaging at different frequency offsets.MethodsThis paper proposes a network with multiple tasks, including a breast lesion segmentation model (task I) incorporating multiple images at different frequencies with different contrasts between tumor and surrounding tissues, an automatic classification of pathological task (task II), and an APTw parameter map fitting (task III).ResultsCompared with these advanced segmentation methods such as U‐Net, segment anything model (SAM), segment anything in medical images (Med‐SAM), and transfomer for MRI brain tumor segmentation (TransBTS), our method achieves higher accuracy (ACC). Furthermore, the model's interpretability facilitates the evaluation of how maps with varying gray contrasts contribute to the segmentation. Moreover, improving the ACC of segmentation can be accomplished through tasks such as pathological classification and parametric map fitting.ConclusionsThe pathological classification task and parameter fitting task could improve the ACC of segmentation.
An Improved Spectral Element Differential Method in Solving Nonlinear Thermoelastic Coupling Problems With Discontinuous Interfaces
Authors: Zhao Jianning , Wei Dong , Wang Yuxi , Liu Donghuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the spectral element differential method (SEDM) is improved to solve the nonlinear thermoelastic coupling problems with interface thermal resistance and interface gap in composite structures. The utilization of both Lobatto and Chebyshev node sets in SEDM significantly enhances solution efficiency by replacing integration with direct differential. Moreover, for strongly nonlinear problems caused by thermal radiation, unknown terms are incorporated into the stiffness matrix, and the relaxation iteration technique is also employed, the convergence has been improved compared to traditional methods. Importantly, the element format of the SEDM for 3D problems with discontinuous interfaces is given specifically in this paper, and element‐by‐element loop assembly of stiffness matrices is realized. Numerical examples confirm the effectiveness of the present method in efficiently and accurately solving 2D and 3D problems with discontinuous interfaces. The present method not only achieves faster convergence than the traditional finite element method, but also attains higher accuracy with fewer degrees of freedom and shorter computational time. Compared to the spectral element method (SEM), the proposed method significantly reduces the computation time of the stiffness matrix. Furthermore, by employing the coupled SEM‐SEDM approach, computational efficiency is enhanced while maintaining high precision in sensitive regions.
Indications and Outcomes of Fetal Cystoscopy for Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pierucci Ugo Maria , Paraboschi Irene , Lanfranchi Giulia , Peycelon Matthieu , Pelizzo Gloria , Ruano Rodrigo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) encompasses a spectrum of rare congenital anomalies affecting the fetal urinary system, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. This condition, arising from various anatomical anomalies such as posterior urethral valves (PUV), urethral atresia, and cloacal malformations, disrupts normal urine flow, resulting in secondary complications such as pulmonary hypoplasia and renal impairment. Current management strategies, including fetal vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) and fetal cystoscopy, aim to alleviate obstruction and mitigate associated risks. While VAS has been a longstanding intervention, fetal cystoscopy presents a promising alternative by enabling direct visualization and targeted treatment of urinary tract obstructions. However, fetal cystoscopy is not without challenges, including technical complexities and risks associated with invasive procedures. This review explores the rationale, indications, technical considerations, outcomes, and future innovations of fetal cystoscopy in managing LUTO. It highlights the critical role of accurate diagnosis, patient selection, and procedural expertise in optimizing fetal and maternal outcomes. Despite existing challenges, ongoing advancements in technology and clinical practice hold the potential for further enhancing the safety and efficacy of fetal cystoscopy, underscoring its evolving role in prenatal care.
Rational Design of Black Polyimide With High Comprehensive Properties Derived From DBF‐Based Chromophore
Authors: Liu Yiwu , Li Huipeng , Tan Jinghua , Huang Jie , Yuan Jiazhen , Liu Xueyuan , Guo Jieping , Wu Di , Chen Yue 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe market need for black polyimide (BPI) in microelectronics and optoelectronics has significantly increased. However, the current BPIs suffer from issues such as inadequate masking effectiveness, inferior electrical performance, and dimensional stability. 3,6‐Di(furan‐2‐yl)pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4(2H,5H)‐dione (DBF) is a typical dye that possesses excellent light‐absorbing ability. In this work, a novel diamine (DBFRFPDA) with DBF‐derived chromophores was successfully synthesized. Utilizing this newly developed diamine and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), an inherent BPI (DBFRFPPI) was prepared. The spectral absorption of DBFRFPPI is greatly widened and red‐shifted with the incorporation of DBF‐based chromophores, thus achieving an exceptionally dark hue. DBFRFPPI exhibits a high cut‐off wavelength (λ
cut) of 680 nm and a small CIE‐Lab coordinate L* of 1.02. Moreover, DBFRFPPI shows a small coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and demonstrates outstanding thermal and electrical characteristics. The electronic transitions of DBFRFPPI were investigated using density functional theory. The findings demonstrate that the superior light absorption of DBFRFPPI is chiefly derived from the HOMO→LUMO+1 transition, which takes place within the DBF‐based chromophore moiety. This intrinsic BPI with highly comprehensive properties has important applications in microelectronic fields, especially in flexible copper‐clad laminate (FCCL).
Plastic Bronchitis—A Promising Intervention for a Challenging Condition
Authors: Alhazmi Wedad , Alfadhel Abdulmajeed , Alghamdi Hala , Alharbi Bushra , Abusido Tamer 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis report describes the case of a 9‐year‐old boy with a single ventricular pathway land complex cardiac issue. After multiple cardiac procedures, including a non‐fenestrated Fontan shunt at the age of 5 years, the patient presented 2 years later with a recurrent history of cough with whitish, thick and rubbery sputum and shortness of breath and was eventually diagnosed with PB. The patient was treated with medical therapy and failed; at this time, ligation of the thoracic duct was performed, which was a life‐saving intervention for him.
Pituitary adenoma management and outcomes according to hospital case volume and facility type
Authors: Goshtasbi Khodayar , Michelle Lauren , Torabi Sina J. , Roman Kelsey , Vasudev Milind , Abiri Arash , Mohyeldin Ahmed , Hsu Frank P. K. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluates the influence of facility volume and type on the treatment and outcomes of pituitary adenoma (PA).MethodsThe 2004–2016 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with PA receiving definitive treatment. Tumor size represented the largest diameter of the primary tumor.ResultsA total of 89,863 patients (53.8% female) with a mean age and tumor size of (51.0 ± 18.0) years (Mean ± SD, later the same) and (19.5 ± 13.2) mm, respectively, were included. Patients were managed at 1,241 unique facilities, categorized into 1057 low‐volume (treating approximately <10 patients annually), 142 intermediate‐volume (treating approximately 10–30 patients annually), and 42 high‐volume facilities (treating approximately 31–105 patients annually). Increasing facility volume and academic centers were both associated with higher rates of surgical treatment as well as lower rates of radiotherapy and shorter postoperative length of hospitalization (all p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier log‐rank analysis showed that increasing facility volume and academic centers were both significantly associated with improved overall survival (p < 0.001). On multivariate Cox‐regression analysis after adjusting for age, gender, Charlson–Deyo comorbidity index, tumor size, treatment type, and facility type, treatment at intermediate‐volume (HR 1.238, 95% CI 1.155–1.329, p < 0.001) and low‐volume facilities (HR = 1.413, 95% CI 1.306–1.528, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors of all‐cause mortality, while facility type was not independently associated with overall survival.ConclusionManagement and outcomes of PA appear to be dependent on the treatment facility volume, with high‐volume facilities, but not necessarily facility type, being associated with improved outcomes overall.
Strategies in Electrospun Polymer and Hybrid Scaffolds for Enhanced Cell Integration and Vascularization for Bone Tissue Engineering and Organoids
Authors: Polak Martyna , Karbowniczek Joanna Ewa , Stachewicz Urszula 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAddressing the demand for bone substitutes, tissue engineering responds to the high prevalence of orthopedic surgeries worldwide and the limitations of conventional tissue reconstruction techniques. Materials, cells, and growth factors constitute the core elements in bone tissue engineering, influencing cellular behavior crucial for regenerative treatments. Scaffold design, including architectural features and porosity, significantly impacts cellular penetration, proliferation, differentiation, and vascularization. This review discusses the hierarchical structure of bone and the process of neovascularization in the context of biofabrication of scaffolds. We focus on the role of electrospinning and its modifications in scaffold fabrication to improve scaffold properties to enhance further tissue regeneration, for example, by boosting oxygen and nutrient delivery. We highlight how scaffold design impacts osteogenesis and the overall success of regenerative treatments by mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, we explore the emerging field of bone organoids—self‐assembled, three‐dimensional (3D) structures derived from stem cells that replicate native bone tissue's architecture and functionality. While bone organoids hold immense potential for modeling bone diseases and facilitating regenerative treatments, their main limitation remains insufficient vascularization. Hence, we evaluate innovative strategies for pre‐vascularization and discuss the latest techniques for assessing and improving vascularization in both scaffolds and organoids presenting the most commonly used cell lines and biological models. Moreover, we analyze cutting‐edge techniques for assessing vascularization, evaluating their advantages and drawbacks to propose complex solutions. Finally, by integrating these approaches, we aim to advance the development of bioactive materials that promote successful bone regeneration.
Bereavement and type 1 diabetes in childhood: a register-based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Wernroth Mona-Lisa , Kennedy Beatrice , Fall Katja , Nguyen Diem , Smew Awad I. , Carlsson Per-Ola , Svennblad Bodil , Almqvist Catarina , Fall Tove 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis
The potential impact of childhood bereavement—a severe psychological stressor—on childhood type 1 diabetes development remains unclear. Here, we aimed to bridge this knowledge gap and assess whether bereavement characteristics influenced any impact.

Methods
We conducted a register-based cohort study encompassing 3,598,159 children born in Sweden between 1987 and 2020. Childhood bereavement was defined as the death of a biological mother, father or sibling. Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in childhood (<18 years) was ascertained through the National Patient Register. We applied a Cox proportional hazards regression model to investigate the impact of childhood bereavement on type 1 diabetes, while adjusting for potential confounders (including parental type 1 diabetes status, country of birth and demographic characteristics).

Results
During follow-up, 86,226 children (2.4%) lost a family member, and 18,817 children (0.52%) were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (median age at onset 9.1 years). We did not detect any overall association between childhood bereavement and type 1 diabetes (adjusted HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.93, 1.17). We found no influence of age at loss, cause of death, familial relationship to the deceased, and time since loss.

Conclusions/interpretation
In this large population-based Swedish study, we observed no evidence supporting a link between childhood bereavement and type 1 diabetes.

Graphical Abstract
Injury patterns of suicide attempts in the head and neck area—a retrospective analysis over 15 years
Authors: Lehner R. , Lochbaum R. , Hoffmann T. K. , Hahn J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Suicide attempts may involve various parts of the body with different severity grades and therefore represent a multidisciplinary challenge. The head and neck region is highly vulnerable to severe self-inflicted injuries, yet literature on this topic remains limited.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed of patients with suicide attempts in an Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department of a tertiary referral hospital over a 15-year period. The aim of the study was to analyse their clinical course and injury patterns.

Results
70 patients were included (m: 42/70; f: 28/70). The mean age at suicide attempt was 43.7 years. Women were significantly younger than men (p = 0.046). Seven injury types were differentiated: strangulation (44.3%), stabbing (17.1%), jumping from a height and firearm use (10.0% each), jumping in front of a moving vehicle and ingestion of acids/bases (7.1% each) as well as ingestion of pills (4.3%). Men were dominantly involved in strangulation (14/42; 33.3%) and stabbing (11/42; 26.2%), whereas women appeared with strangulation (17/28; 60.7%) and tablet ingestion (3/28; 10.7%). Men required ORL-specific surgical care significantly more often than women (43.9% vs. 7.1%; p < 0.001). Men chose “violent” methods more frequently than women (90.5% vs. 46.4%; p < 0.001). Women were more likely to receive psychiatric treatment (p = 0.0011).

Conclusions
Violent suicide attempts were more common in males and therefore required more often surgical intervention. Soft attempts and psychiatric diagnoses were more often associated with female gender. Routine laryngoscopy is recommended within 24h after the initial trauma. All individuals were successfully treated in an interdisciplinary setting and survived with moderate morbidity.
Development of a 3D in vitro model to study corpus luteum of felids based on luteinized cells from antral follicles
Authors: Hryciuk Michał M. , Schröter Filip , Claaßen Svenja , Aurich Christine , Wauters Jella , Haße Celina , Braun Beate C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to establish a long-term 3D cell culture model using luteinized follicular cells to investigate the functionality and life cycle of the CL in felids. A mixture of cell types from antral follicles was luteinized in vitro and cultured for up to 23 days. The method, initially applied to the domestic cat, was later extended to Persian and Clouded leopards. Antral follicles were isolated and digested with enzymes; then, the cells were subjected to culture. Experimental subsets were treated with/without 1 µg/mL cloprostenol to validate the cell culture model’s suitability for functional studies. In domestic cat samples, microscopic evaluation indicated luteinization, which was confirmed by increased progestagen concentrations and IHC staining for HSD3B and CYP11A1. The gene expression of selected steroidogenic factors (HSD3B1, STAR, CYP11A1) and hormone receptors (LHCGR, PTGFR, PRLR) significantly increased, while CYP17A1 expression decreased. Cloprostenol treatment resulted in reduction of steroidogenic activity, proving its suitability for functional studies. Persian and Clouded leopards’ cell cultures exhibited similar patterns in progestagen secretion and gene expression, compared to domestic cats. This model, with its defined luteinization, as well as high and stable progestagen production, allows future investigation of factors regulating CL life cycle and function.
Explicit convex hull description of bivariate quadratic sets with indicator variables
Authors: De Rosa Antonio , Khajavirad Aida 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe consider the nonconvex set $${{\mathcal {S}}}_n = \{(x,X,z): X = x x^T, \; x (1-z) =0,\; x \ge 0,\; z \in \{0,1\}^n\}$$

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, which is closely related to the feasible region of several difficult nonconvex optimization problems such as the best subset selection and constrained portfolio optimization. Utilizing ideas from convex analysis and disjunctive programming, we obtain an explicit description for the closure of the convex hull of $${{\mathcal {S}}}_2$$

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in the space of original variables. In order to generate valid inequalities corresponding to supporting hyperplanes of the convex hull of $${{\mathcal {S}}}_2$$

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, we present a simple separation algorithm that can be incorporated in branch-and-cut based solvers to enhance the quality of existing relaxations.