bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ciclo sojero y estrategias de los actores de la producción agropecuaria en el litoral uruguayo
Authors: Figueredo Soledad , Guibert Martine , Arbeletche Pedro 
Published: December 2019

Este artículo pretende contribuir a la comprensión de los procesos de intensificación agrícola en el campo uruguayo ligado al avance del modelo de agronegocios. Para ello se estudian los cambios socio-espaciales desarrollados en las regiones de producción agrícola más intensivas de Uruguay (departamentos de Río Negro y de Soriano). El enfoque de este trabajo busca poner en diálogo la perspectiva sociológica, geográfica y agro-económica, a partir de la articulación de información proveniente de datos primarios relevados en entrevistas a informantes calificados junto con datos secundarios. La idea central que aquí se defiende es que los cambios recientes que afectaron al sector agropecuario en Uruguay llevaron a que se pasara de producciones obtenidas tradicionalmente por actores locales a cadenas de valor manejadas por actores diversos aptos a captar y usar recursos tecnológicos innovadores y con fuerte integración a los mercados mundiales.
Proletarización del agro uruguayo a comienzos del siglo XXI: viejas y nuevas imágenes de un proceso histórico
Authors: Carámbula Pareja Matías , Oyhantçabal Gabriel 
Published: December 2019

El desarrollo del capitalismo en el sector agropecuario uruguayo en los últimos treinta años modificó de modo irreversible un sector que permaneció prácticamente estancado durante las primeras ocho décadas del siglo XX. Entre otros, destaca el cambio en la composición interna de los trabajadores del sector, actualizando y renovando el debate sobre la proletarización en el campo. Este trabajo no aborda este fenómeno solo desde la transición del productor familiar de mercancías al asalariado, sino que se propone entender la proletarización como un cambio de composición dentro de los trabajadores agropecuarios que consolida relaciones de asalariamiento que progresivamente diluye las diferencias entre los obreros agrarios y no agrarios (o rurales y urbanos en términos clásicos). Entre las señas de identidad más relevantes de esta transformación se encuentra el mayor peso relativo del trabajo asalariado por sobre el familiar registrado en el censo agropecuario de 2011, la generalización de la residencia urbana del trabajo agrario, la expansión del trabajo femenino y la intermediación laboral, y finalmente el proceso conjunto de normalización de las relaciones laborales e incremento de la calificación del trabajo agrario, todos rasgos que evidencian la profundización de las relaciones capitalistas en el campo uruguayo.
Aydın Vilayet Yıllıklarındaki Takvimlerde Önemli Günler
Authors: GÖKMEN Ertan 
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada Aydın vilayeti salnamelerinin ilk sayfalarında verilen takvimlerdeki bilgiler değerlendirilmiştir. Yıllıkların bazısında takvim bulunmakla birlikte bazısında
bulunmamaktadır. Takvimlerde her ay için bir sayfa tahsis edilmiştir. Genel olarak on iki sayfadan oluşan bu takvimlerde öncelikle hicrî, rûmî, ve miladî takvimin ay ve günleri, sonrasında namaz vakitleri saat ve dakika olarak verilmiştir. Takvimlerin en önemli kısmını “eyyâm-ı meşhûre” sütunu başlığı altında verilen bilgiler oluşturmaktadır. Bu kısımda Güneş’in ve Ay'ın hareketlerine, burçlara, diğer gökcisimlerinin hareketlerine, meteorolojik olaylara, hayvanların davranışlarına, tarım ürünlerinin ekim ve dikim zamanlarına, sağlık uygulamalarına, nehirlerin suyunun yükselmesine ve alçalmasına, deniz suyunun hareketine, farklı din mensuplarınca kutlanan bayramlara ve yortu günlerine ve bazı önemli tarihi olaylara dair bilgiler verilmiştir. Takvimlerde verilen bu bilgiler vasıtasıyla halkın yukarıda belirtilen hususlarda bilgi sahibi olması ve buna göre davranması amaçlanmıştır. Takvimlerde yer alan bu hususlarla ilgili aşağıdaki paragraflarda geniş bilgiler verilmiştir. Bu bilgilere geçmeden önce insanların niçin takvim kullandığı, takvim çeşitleri ve Türklerin tarih boyunca hangi takvimleri kullandığı hususunda bilgiler verilmiştir.
Un nouveau langage pour peupler le corps dans L’Amant, Marguerite Duras / A new language to inhabit the body in the Lover, Marguerite Duras
Authors: Mema Laureta 
Published: December 2019

Abstract : Dans L’Amant, résonnant les critiques poststructuralistes et féministes, Marguerite Duras déconstruit les mythes du corps féminin en renversant la dichotomie homme-femme et reconstruit un autre univers en introduisant des sujets traditionnellement tabous et marginaux comme l’homosexualité, la prostitution et l’inceste. En effet, Duras représente un langage innovateur et révolutionnaire qui rompt avec les discours patriarcaux de la première moitié du vingtième siècle. Au lieu de parler d’elle comme un sujet féminin rendu objet par le regard masculin, Duras renverse le discours patriarcal peignant la femme comme un sujet légitime qui se regarde et qui expérimente son corps ainsi que celui d’autrui. Le corps s’enrichit avec des connotations qui le libèrent, tout en reconnaissant l’aliénation qui le hante. Écrire pour Duras est une symphonie nouvelle qui ouvre les portes de la mémoire. Écoutons-la que ce soit dans son emprisonnement ou sa libération !Mots-clés : discours ; identité ; corps ; sexualité ; féminisme.Abstract: In The Lover, Marguerite Duras echoes the critical studies of the poststructuralists and feminists, when she deconstructs the myths of the female body, breaking the patriarchal dichotomy man-woman, while reconstructing another universe which includes subjects that have been traditionally marginalised (homosexuality, prostitution and incest). In fact, she represents an innovative and revolutionary language that contrasts with the patriarchal discourses of the first half of the twentieth century. Instead of speaking about her as a feminine subject objectified by the male gaze, Duras creates a new discourse that represents woman as a legitimized subject that fixes her gaze on her body, living its erotic desires and embracing those of others. Duras elaborates the discourse of the body adorning it with new connotations that liberate it, while recognizing the alienation that haunts it. Writing for Duras becomes a new symphony that opens the doors of memory. Let us listen to it both in its imprisonment and its liberation.Keywords: discourse; identity; body; sexuality; feminism.
Change of the flowering pattern as a formula of success in pea breeding aimed at increasing the early ripeness and the yielding capacity of peas
Authors: Ushakov V. A. , Kotlyar I. P. , Kaygorodova I. M. , Pronina E. P. 
Published: December 2019

Relevance. Most of the pea varieties used in the production of canned vegetables have similar morphological structure of the stalk: shortened internodes, their limited number and location in the upper part of the stalk. The deficiency of such plant architectonics is the limitation of yielding capacity in relation to small number of yielding nodes, yielding capacity instability, and high degree of affliction by plant diseases. The production of pea varieties having an increased number of yielding nodes will allow changing the relation between the nonproductive and reproductive parts to the advantage of the latter.Methods. The pea varieties from the collection of bean cultures laboratories of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center were used as the research varieties. The main method of work was intervarietal hybridization with subsequent single plant selection. In 2018-2019 the selected lines were seeded in a nursery with an area of 7 m2 . The forms with changed flowering pattern (Pervenets, Ranniy 28-11, Wenson) and the most yielding early and midseason varieties (Dakota, Ranniy Gribovsky 11, Voronezhsky Zelyony, Korsar, Orus, Viola, Zelyonaya Strela, Quartella) were used as parent components. The selection was performed on the basis of the following features: changed flowering pattern, the number of yielding nodes, the number of legumes on a node, as well as the length of a bean and the number of seeds in a legume. A finometer was used for the determination of the green pea hardness.Results. Sample 50-4-19 having a relatively low number of yielding nodes (6, 9) had the highest characteristics and was considerably superior to all the other samples by its yielding capacity during the first and the second harvesting periods (7.24 and 9.55 tons per hectare). The selection of the early forms with the changed flowering pattern and the shift of the attraction centre to the 2nd or to the 3rd node allow carrying out breeding aimed at increasing the early ripeness and the yielding capacity of peas.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Gelas dan Botol Plastik Sebagai Media Tanam Penunjang Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Melalui Pembentukan Kampung Hidroponik di Lahan Rawa
Authors: Romadhona Sukron 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRAK
Terdapat berbagai macam potensi ide-ide yang kreatif untuk menjalankan usaha dan kegiatan kewirausahaan namun belum banyak yang tergali secara optimal. Di kalangan masyarakat pedesaan yang ada di Kabupaten Jember khususnya Desa Gumukmas Kecamatan Gumukmas yang menjadi salah satu desa penempatan KKN dengan fokus pada desa wisata dan wirausaha sejahtera dengan obyek pengembangan melalui Hidroponik, pembinanan dan kegiatannya diarahkan menuju kegiatan positif yang bersifat entrepreneurship utamanya melalui karang taruna dan ibu rumah tangga. Jenis-jenis pembinaan dan kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut mengarahkan para generasi muda untuk mengisi waktu luang di sela-sela kegiatan sekolah untuk mempelajari konsep dan teori sains tanah di beberapa aspek. Penumbuhan jiwa kewirausahaan akan mampu memfasilitasi dan menjembatani konsep teori kewirausahaan dan konsep kemandirian khususnya dari sisi pertanian yang potensial yang menjadi aksi nyata dalam implementasi konsep usaha/bisnis ke praktik bisnis dengan menginternalisasikan nilai- nilai kemandirian dan semangat berwirausaha pada generasi muda melalui bercocok tanam, lebih jauh lagi kegiatan tersebut dapat merangsang geliat masyarakat untuk mengembangkan desa wisata berbasis “Kampung Hidroponik”Kegiatan wirausaha di bidang pertanian ini, salah satu faktor yang perlu diperhatikan adalah lahan yang digunakan untuk kegiatan budidaya. lahan yang ada saat ini semakin sempit akibat dari lahan-lahan yang di gunakan untuk kegiatan budidaya di alih fungsikan ke bidang lain seperti industri, perumahan, dan lain-lain meningat lokasi pengabdian yaitu Kecamatan Arjasa merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang berkembang pesat. Oleh sebab itu, kegiatan pertanian berbasis lahan sempit harus mampu mengelolah lahan terbatas untuk mendapatkan hasil yang semaksimal mungkin dengan teknik hidroponik. Berdasarkan uraian analisis situasi tersebut, perlu diadakan pelatihan hidroponik bagi masyarakat khususnya genarasi muda yang terhimpun dalam Karang Taruna dan Ibu rumah tangga, yang menjadi obyek pengembangan untuk menggali potensi yang ada. Dengan diadakannya pelatihan Hidroponik diharapkan mampu memunculkan usaha baru yang bernilai positif dikalangan generasi muda.
Detection of Nutrients and Major Ions at Al Muthanna Storage Site Soil
Authors: Et al. Al Sharaa 
Published: December 2019

In the early 90s military operations and United Nations Special Commission “UNSCOM” teams have been destroyed the past Iraqi chemical program. Both operations led an extensive number of scattered remnants of contaminated areas. The quantities of hazardous materials, incomplete destructed materials, and toxic chemicals were sealed in two bunkers. Deficiency of appropriate destruction technology led to spreading the contamination around the storage site. This paper aims to introduce the environmental detection of the contamination in the storage site area using geospatial analysis technique. The environmental contamination level of nutrients and major ions such as sulphate (SO4), potassium (K), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), phosphate (PO4) and nitrate (NO3) were detected and analyzed. The grid soil samples on the site and surrounding areas have been investigated, analyzed, and compared to the background points. The storage area grid was divided into 30 major sectors and all samples were evaluated from acquires 10 samples from each sector. The detection results have indicated that SO4 level was exceeded the permitted level by 25 times, K level also exceeded the permitted level but by 460, Na ions were 85 times greater the permitted level. Mg level was 180 times higher than that of permitted content. Activity level of Ca in the soil samples of the study area has also exhibited variability with nine times over the permitted level near the bunkers. However, very high contamination spot activity of Cl was found in destruction zone about which 44 times over the background level was found while PO4 level exceeded the permitted level by 35 times over the permitted level and there was no activity detected for the nitrate in the storage area site.
Capillary Pressure Effects on Estimating the Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Potential During Low-Salinity and Smart Waterflooding
Authors: Andersen Pål Østebø 
Published: December 2019

SummaryMany experimental studies have investigated smart water and low-salinity waterflooding and observed significant incremental oil recovery after changes in the injected-brine composition. The common approach to model such enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) mechanisms is by shifting the input relative permeability curves, particularly including a reduction of the residual oil saturation. Cores that originally display oil-wetness can retain much oil at the outlet of the flooded core because of the capillary pressure being zero at a high oil saturation. This end effect is difficult to overcome in highly permeable cores at typical laboratory rates. Injecting a brine that changes the wetting state to less-oil-wet conditions (represented by zero capillary pressure at a lower oil saturation) will lead to a release of oil previously trapped at the outlet. Although this is chemically induced incremental oil, it represents a reduction of remaining oil saturation, not necessarily of residual oil saturation.This paper illustrates the mentioned issues of interpreting the difference in remaining and residual oil saturation during chemical EOR and hence the evaluation of potential smart water effects. We present a mathematical model representing coreflooding that accounts for wettability changes caused by changes in the injected composition. For purpose of illustration, this is performed in terms of adsorption of a wettability-alteration (WA) component coupled to the shifting of relative permeability curves and capillary pressure curves. The model is parameterized in accordance with experimental data by matching brine-dependent saturation functions to experiments where wettability alteration takes place dynamically because of the changing of one chemical component. It is seen that several effects can give an apparent smart water effect without having any real reduction of the residual oil saturation, including changes in the mobility ratio, where the oil already flowing is pushed more efficiently, and the magnitude of capillary end effects can be reduced because of increased water-wetness or because of a reduction in water relative permeability giving a greater viscous drag on the oil.
Identification of two novel COL10A1 heterozygous mutations in two Chinese pedigrees with Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia
Authors: Kong Lingchi , Shi Li , Wang Wenbo , Zuo Rongtai , Wang Mengwei , Kang Qinglin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Schmid-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (MCDS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by COL10A1 mutations, which is characterized by short stature, waddling gait, coxa vara and bowing of the long bones. However, descriptions of the expressivity of MCDS are rare.
Methods: Two probands and available family members affected with MCDS were subjected to clinical and radiological examination. Genomic DNA of all affected individuals was subjected to whole-exome sequencing, and candidate mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing in all available family members and in 250 healthy donors. A spatial model of the type X collagen (α1) C-terminal noncollagenous (NC1) domain was further constructed.
Results: We found that the phenotype of affected family members exhibited incomplete dominance. Mutation analysis indicated that there were two novel heterozygous missense mutations, [c.1765T>A (p.Phe589Ile)] and [c.1846A>G (p.Lys616Glu)] in the COL10A1 gene in family 1 and 2, respectively. The two novel substitution sites were highly conserved and the mutations were predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Furthermore, protein modeling revealed that the two substitutions were located in the NC1 domain of collagen X (α1), which potentially impacted the trimerization of collagen X (α1) and combination with molecules in the pericellular matrix.
Conclusion: Two novel mutations were identified in the present study, which will facilitate diagnosis of MCDS and further expand the spectrum of the COL10A1 mutations associated with MCDS patients. In addition, our research revealed the phenomenon of incomplete dominance in MCDS.
Purification of the recombinant green fluorescent protein from tobacco plants using alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system and hydrophobic interaction chromatography
Authors: Dong Jie , Ding Xiangzhen , Wang Sheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been regarded as a valuable tool and widely applied as a biomarker in medical applications and diagnostics. A cost-efficient upstream expression system and an inexpensive downstream purification process will meet the demands of the GFP protein with high-purity. Results: The recombinant GFP was transiently expressed in an active form in agoinoculated Nicotiana benthamiana leaves by using Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) RNA-based overexpression vector (TRBO). The yield of recombinant GFP was up to ~60% of total soluble proteins (TSP). Purification of recombinant GFP from the clarified lysate of N. benthaniana leaves was achieved by using an alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and following with a further hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). The purification process takes only ~4 h and can recover 34.1 % of the protein. The purity of purified GFP was more than 95% and there were no changes in its spectroscopic characteristics. Conclusions: The strategy described here combines the advantages of both the economy and efficiency of plant virus-based expression platform and the simplicity and rapidity of environmentally friendly alcohol/salt ATPS. It has a considerable potential for the development of a cost-efficient alternative for production of recombinant GFP.
Low adaptive potential for tolerance to ethynylestradiol, but also low toxicity, in a grayling population (Thymallus thymallus)
Authors: Cunha Lucas Marques da , Maitre Diane , Wedekind Claus 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The presence of a novel pollutant can induce rapid evolution if there is additive genetic variance for the tolerance to the stressor. Continuous selection over some generations can then reduce the toxicity of the pollutant but also deplete the additive genetic variance for the tolerance and thereby slow down adaptation. One common pollutant that has been ecologically relevant for some time is 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic compound of oral contraceptives since their market launch in the 1960s. EE2 is typically found in higher concentrations in rivers than in lakes. Recent experimental work revealed significant genetic variance for the tolerance to EE2 in two lake-spawning salmonid species but no such variance in river-spawning brown trout. We used another river-spawning salmonid, the European grayling Thymallus thymallus, to study the toxicity of an ecologically relevant concentration of EE2. We also used a full-factorial in vitro breeding design and singly rearing of 1,555 embryos and larvae of 40 sib groups to test whether there is additive genetic variance for the tolerance to this pollutant. Results: We found that exposure to EE2 reduced larval growth after hatching, but contrary to what has been found in the other salmonids, there were no significant effects of EE2 on embryo growth and survival. We found additive genetic variance for embryo viability, i.e. heritability for fitness. However, there was no significant additive variance for the tolerance to EE2. Conclusions: Our findings support the hypothesis that continuous selection has reduced the toxicity of EE2 and depleted genetic variance for tolerance to this synthetic stressor.
Absorbable suture can be effectively and safely used to close the mesenteric defect in a Gastric bypass Sprague-Dawley Rat Model
Authors: Yao Libin , Dolo Ponnie Robertlee , Shao Yong , Li Chao , Widjaja Jason , Hong Jian , Zhu Xiaocheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To observe if closing the mesenteric defect with absorbable sutures creates a safe adhesion compared to non-absorbable suture after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to 5 experimental groups according to the different suture materials used in closing the mesenteric defects (Peterson’s space) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Group A (control group), Group B (non-absorbable suture, Prolene suture), Group C (biological glue), Group D (non-absorbable suture, polyester suture) and Group E (absorbable suture). All rats were followed up for 8 weeks postoperatively and underwent laparotomy to observe the degree of adhesion and closure of the mesenteric defect. Results: No significant difference was found in the decrease in food intake and body weight among all groups. No internal hernia (IH) occurred in any group. The mesenteric defects of Group A remained completely visible without any closure or adhesion. Multiple gaps were found between the Prolene suture and the mesentery along the suture line in Group B. The mesenteric defects of Group C were complete closed with multiple adhesions of the small intestine and the greater omentum. The mesenteric defects in both Group D and Group E closed completely. The average adhesion scores in Group A and Group B were 0 and 0.33±0.52 respectively. The average adhesion score in group C (3.83±0.41) was higher than the other groups (p ＜ 0.05). The average adhesion scores in Group D and E were similar (3.17±0.41 and 3.00±0.00 respectively). Conclusion: Absorbable suture created a safe adhesion score between the mesentery which was not inferior to non-absorbable sutures.