bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new APP for prevention and treatment of complications of intestinal peristomal skin
Authors: Cardoso Imaculada Aparecida , Salomé Geraldo Magela , Miranda Flávio Dutra , Alves José Ronaldo , Leão João Paulo Pereira , Leão Alex Sandro , Mendonça Adriana Rodrigues dos Anjos 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectives To develop an application program for prevention and treatment of complications of intestinal peristomal skin.Method The framework of the application software development were: Phase 1 – “Design, identification of the needs for the application development”: In this phase, the authors identified during their clinical practice that some professionals and caregivers find it difficult to provide care for at-risk ostomized patients or those with some kind of peristomal skin complication; Phase 2 – “Application prototype development”: this phase included the integrative literature review in the main databases; Phase 3 – “Creating the application”: this phase was intended to generate a decision tree algorithms, structure the database, and develop the software; Phase 4 – “Transition”: performing the application functionality testing.Results The application “Dermatite Periestoma App” has 36 screens and 21 figures describing the procedures for prevention and treatment of complications of intestinal peristomal skin. It is freely available from the Play Store and has been registered with the Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial Ministério do Desenvolvimento, indústria e Comércio Exterior (Brazilian Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade, National Institute of Industrial Property).Conclusion This study made it possible to describe the stages of planning and development of the mobile application “Dermatite Periestoma App”. The steps taken indicate that the “Dermatite Periestoma App” has great potential for clinical practice in the evaluation of patients with stomal complications or at risk for developing peristomal skin complications, preventive measures, therapeutic approaches, and for nursing education through the use of technology.
Observed Deep‐Reaching Signatures of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation in the Ocean Circulation of the Western Tropical Pacific
Authors: Song Lina , Li Yuanlong , Liu Chuanyu , Wang Fan , Wang Jianing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProminent intraseasonal variability (ISV) of ocean currents was detected by two subsurface moorings deployed at 140°E, 2°N, and 4.7°N during 2014–2018 and shown to be largely induced by westerly wind bursts (WWBs) associated with passages of Madden‐Julian oscillations (MJOs). The North Equatorial Countercurrent between 60 and 200 m is enhanced (attenuated) by 6–8 cm/s prior (subsequent) to the WWB. Current anomalies below 300 m are as large as 2–3 cm/s, close in magnitude to the mean velocities of the North Equatorial Subsurface Current and North Subsurface Countercurrent. The ISV in the upper 600 m shows a vertical dipole structure at 2°N and vertically coherent anomalies at 4.7°N. Further analysis combining satellite data reveals local recirculation structures generated by wind‐forced Rossby waves. Ocean model experiments confirm the importance of the MJO's wind forcing in causing these subsurface ocean ISVs.
Magnetized Dust Clouds Penetrating the Terrestrial Bow Shock Detected by Multiple Spacecraft
Authors: Lai H. R. , Russell C. T. , Jia Y. D. , Connors M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractClouds of charged nanometer dust, produced in intra‐meteoroid collisions and accelerated by the magnetized solar wind, twist the interplanetary magnetic field as they are accelerated. Depending on the cloud size, minutes to hours‐long perturbations are observed by interplanetary spacecraft and have been termed interplanetary field enhancements (IFEs). This dust‐solar wind interaction hypothesis is supported by reconstructed magnetic field geometry using IFEs detected nearly simultaneously by multiple spacecraft. On 16 January 2018, an IFE was observed by eight spacecraft in the solar wind and later by four spacecraft in the magnetosheath, after the IFE crossed the bow shock. The post‐shock magnetic field geometry differed from that in the solar wind in a way compatible with the dust cloud having interacted with the shocked solar wind. These observations of dust clouds surfing in the solar wind show us how submicron‐sized interplanetary dust is transported and ultimately expelled from the solar system.
High‐Resolution Ocean Wave and Wind Characteristics Determined by the ICESat‐2 Land Surface Algorithm
Authors: Klotz Bradley W. , Neuenschwander Amy , Magruder Lori A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite 2 (ICESat‐2) is a revolutionary remote sensing tool designed to provide high‐resolution height estimates of the Earth's surface. The photon counting LiDAR instrument onboard collects data over various surfaces and provides detailed information on regions where present observations are sparse or nonexistent. ICESat‐2 is initiating a wave of new science, and this study examines a methodology for deriving ocean surface wave and wind characteristics. Using a modified version of the ICESat‐2 land surface algorithm, individual waves are mapped along the ICESat‐2 track. Significant wave features, associated ocean wind speed, and wave energy spectra are determined from the ocean data. Validation against trustworthy data sources indicate the root mean squared error of significant wave heights is 0.3 m and is 2.4 m s−1 for wind speed. Wave spectra are more variable but peak swell and wind seas generally agree within ±8–13% of buoy estimates.
Can Tidal Forcing Alone Generate a GM‐Like Internal Wave Spectrum?
Authors: Chen Zhiwu , Chen Shaomin , Liu Zhiyu , Xu Jiexin , Xie Jieshuo , He Yinghui , Cai Shuqun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn idealized two‐dimensional numerical model is utilized to study internal wave generation by tide‐topography interaction and wind forcing. Previous studies suggest that the quasi‐universal Garrett‐Munk (GM) internal wave spectrum can be generated and maintained only when energy is supplied from both the wind and the tides, while the present study shows that M2 tidal forcing alone is sufficient to generate a GM‐like spectrum in a latitude band roughly between 17° and 29°, with the steepness parameter ε > 1, N0h0/u0 > 1 (N0 is buoyancy frequency, h0 topographic height, and u0 tidal amplitude), and a finite excursion parameter. The key lies in the generation of near‐inertial waves (NIWs) by breaking internal tides and triadic resonant interactions around supercritical topography. Remarkably, in the northern South China Sea, tidal forcing can contribute a comparable amount of near‐inertial energy as that contributed by the summer wind and thus is an important NIW generation mechanism.
Evaporation of a sessile droplet on a slope
Authors: Timm Mitchel L. , Dehdashti Esmaeil , Jarrahi Darban Amir , Masoud Hassan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe theoretically examine the drying of a stationary liquid droplet on an inclined surface. Both analytical and numerical approaches are considered, while assuming that the evaporation results from the purely diffusive transport of liquid vapor and that the contact line is a pinned circle. For the purposes of the analytical calculations, we suppose that the effect of gravity relative to the surface tension is weak, i.e. the Bond number (Bo) is small. Then, we express the shape of the drop and the vapor concentration field as perturbation expansions in terms of Bo. When the Bond number is zero, the droplet is unperturbed by the effect of gravity and takes the form of a spherical cap, for which the vapor concentration field is already known. Here, the Young-Laplace equation is solved analytically to calculate the first-order correction to the shape of the drop. Knowing the first-order perturbation to the drop geometry and the zeroth-order distribution of vapor concentration, we obtain the leading-order contribution of gravity to the rate of droplet evaporation by utilizing Green’s second identity. The analytical results are supplemented by numerical calculations, where the droplet shape is first determined by minimizing the Helmholtz free energy and then the evaporation rate is computed by solving Laplace’s equation for the vapor concentration field via a finite-volume method. Perhaps counter-intuitively, we find that even when the droplet deforms noticeably under the influence of gravity, the rate of evaporation remains almost unchanged, as if no gravitational effect is present. Furthermore, comparison between analytical and numerical calculations reveals that considering only the leading-order corrections to the shape of the droplet and vapor concentration distribution provides estimates that are valid well beyond their intended limit of very small Bo.
Fe-doped mayenite electride composite with 2D reduced Graphene Oxide: As a non-platinum based, highly durable electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Khan Karim , Tareen Ayesha Khan , Aslam Muhammad , Ali Khan Sayed , khan Qasim , Khan Qudrat Ullah , Saeed Muhammad , Siddique Saleemi Awais , Kiani Maryam , Ouyang Zhengbiao , Zhang Han , Guo Zhongyi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSince the last decades, non-precious metal catalysts (NPMC), especially iron based electrocatalysts show sufficient activity, potentially applicant in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), however they only withstand considerable current densities at low operating potentials. On the other hand iron based electrocatalysts are not stable at elevated cathode potentials, which is essential for high energy competence, and its remains difficult to deal. Therefore, via this research a simple approach is demonstrated that allows synthesis of nanosize Fe-doped mayenite electride, [Ca24Al28O64]4+·(e−)4 (can also write as, C12A7−xFex:e−, where doping level, x = 1) (thereafter, Fe-doped C12A7:e−), consist of abundantly available elements with gram level powder material production, based on simple citrate sol-gel method. The maximum achieved conductivity of this first time synthesized Fe-doped C12A7:e− composite materials was 249 S/cm. Consequently, Fe-doped C12A7:e− composite is cost-effective, more active and highly durable precious-metal free electrocatalyst, with 1.03 V onset potential, 0.89 V (RHE) half-wave potential, and ~5.9 mA/cm2 current density, which is higher than benchmark 20% Pt/C (5.65 mA/cm2, and 0.84 V). The Fe-doped C12A7:e− has also higher selectivity for desired 4e− pathway, and more stable than 20 wt% Pt/C electrode with higher immunity towards methanol poisoning. Fe-doped C12A7:e− loses was almost zero of its original activity after passing 11 h compared to the absence of methanol case, indicates that to introduce methanol has almost negligible consequence for ORR performance, which makes it highly desirable, precious-metal free electrocatalyst in ORR. This is primarily described due to coexistence of Fe-doped C12A7:e− related active sites with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with pyridinic-nitrogen, and their strong coupling consequence along their porous morphology textures. These textures assist rapid diffusion of molecules to catalyst active sites quickly. In real system maximum power densities reached to 243 and 275 mW/cm2 for Pt/C and Fe-doped C12A7:e− composite, respectively.
Quantitative peel test for thin films/layers based on a coupled parametric and statistical study
Authors: Rezaee Maysam , Tsai Li-Chih , Haider Muhammad Istiaque , Yazdi Armin , Sanatizadeh Ehsan , Salowitz Nathan P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe adhesion strength of thin films is critical to the durability of micro and nanofabricated devices. However, current testing methods are imprecise and do not produce quantitative results necessary for design specifications. The most common testing methods involve the manual application and removal of unspecified tape. This overcome many of the challenges of connecting to thin films to test their adhesion properties but different tapes, variation in manual application, and poorly controlled removal of tape can result in wide variation in resultant forces. Furthermore, the most common tests result in a qualitative ranking of film survival, not a measurement with scientific units. This paper presents a study into application and peeling parameters that can cause variation in the peeling force generated by tapes. The results of this study were then used to design a test methodology that would control the key parameters and produced repeatable quantitative measurements. Testing using the resulting method showed significant improvement over more standard methods, producing measured results with reduced variation. The new method was tested on peeling a layer of paint from a PTFE backing and was found to be sensitive enough to register variation in force due to differing peeling mechanisms within a single test.
An Evolutionary Game Model with Punishment and Protection to Promote Trust in the Sharing Economy
Authors: Chica Manuel , Chiong Raymond , Adam Marc T. P. , Teubner Timm 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we present an evolutionary trust game, taking punishment and protection into consideration, to investigate the formation of trust in the so-called sharing economy from a population perspective. This sharing economy trust model comprises four types of players: a trustworthy provider, an untrustworthy provider, a trustworthy consumer, and an untrustworthy consumer. Punishment in the form of penalty for untrustworthy providers and protection in the form of insurance for consumers are mechanisms adopted to prevent untrustworthy behaviour. Through comprehensive simulation experiments, we evaluate dynamics of the population for different initial population setups and effects of having penalty and insurance in place. Our results show that each player type influences the ‘existence’ and ‘survival’ of other types of players, and untrustworthy players do not necessarily dominate the population even when the temptation to defect (i.e., to be untrustworthy) is high. Additionally, we observe that imposing a heavier penalty or having insurance for all consumers (trustworthy and untrustworthy) can be counterproductive for promoting trustworthiness in the population and increasing the global net wealth. Our findings have important implications for understanding trust in the context of the sharing economy, and for clarifying the usefulness of protection policies within it.
Morphological stasis in the first myxomycete from the Mesozoic, and the likely role of cryptobiosis
Authors: Rikkinen Jouko , Grimaldi David A. , Schmidt Alexander R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMyxomycetes constitute a group within the Amoebozoa well known for their motile plasmodia and morphologically complex fruiting bodies. One obstacle hindering studies of myxomycete evolution is that their fossils are exceedingly rare, so evolutionary analyses of this supposedly ancient lineage of amoebozoans are restricted to extant taxa. Molecular data have significantly advanced myxomycete systematics, but the evolutionary history of individual lineages and their ecological adaptations remain unknown. Here, we report exquisitely preserved myxomycete sporocarps in amber from Myanmar, ca. 100 million years old, one of the few fossil myxomycetes, and the only definitive Mesozoic one. Six densely-arranged stalked sporocarps were engulfed in tree resin while young, with almost the entire spore mass still inside the sporotheca. All morphological features are indistinguishable from those of the modern, cosmopolitan genusStemonitis, demonstrating that sporocarp morphology has been static since at least the mid-Cretaceous. The ability of myxomycetes to develop into dormant stages, which can last years, may account for the phenotypic stasis between livingStemonitisspecies and this fossil one, similar to the situation found in other organisms that have cryptobiosis. We also interpretStemonitismorphological stasis as evidence of strong environmental selection favouring the maintenance of adaptations that promote wind dispersal.
‘Free’ inhibin α subunit is expressed by bovine ovarian theca cells and its knockdown suppresses androgen production
Authors: Laird Mhairi , Glister Claire , Cheewasopit Warakorn , Satchell Leanne S. , Bicknell Andrew B. , Knight Phil G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInhibins are ovarian dimeric glycoprotein hormones that suppress pituitary FSH production. They are synthesised by follicular granulosa cells as α plus βA/βB subunits (encoded by INHA, INHBA, INHBB, respectively). Inhibin concentrations are high in follicular fluid (FF) which is also abundant in ‘free’ α subunit, presumed to be of granulosal origin, but its role(s) remains obscure. Here, we report the unexpected finding that bovine theca cells show abundant INHA expression and ‘free’ inhibin α production. Thus, theca cells may contribute significantly to the inhibin α content of FF and peripheral blood. In vitro, knockdown of thecal INHA inhibited INSL3 and CYP17A1 expression and androgen production while INSL3 knockdown reduced INHA and inhibin α secretion. These findings suggest a positive role of thecal inhibin α on androgen production. However, exogenous inhibin α did not raise androgen production. We hypothesised that inhibin α may modulate the opposing effects of BMP and inhibin on androgen production. However, this was not supported experimentally. Furthermore, neither circulating nor intrafollicular androgen concentrations differed between control and inhibin α-immunized heifers, casting further doubt on thecal inhibin α subunit having a significant role in modulating androgen production. Role(s), if any, played by thecal inhibin α remain elusive.
Biochemical adaptation in brain Acetylcholinesterase during acclimation to sub-lethal temperatures in the eurythermal fish Tilapia mossambica
Authors: Aswani Vijay , Trabucco David 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTilapia mossambicais a eurythermal tropical fish. We studied the effect of temperature on the kinetics of brain Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) during adaptation to sublethal temperatures by acclimating the fish to 37 °C, and controls to 25 °C. Electrophoresis showed the presence of two AChE bands that did not change in position or intensity with acclimation period or temperature. The apparent Kmwas 0.23 ± 0.01 mM ATChI and remained relatively constant over thein vitroassay temperature range 10 °C to 40 °C. Biochemical characterization suggested that the enzyme is a ‘eurytolerant protein’ in its stability of kinetic and thermal properties over a wide temperature range. Thermal stability and arrhenius plots suggested that the AChE was made up of two forms that differed in their thermal properties.The two molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase were purified from the brain ofT. mossambica. Molecular weight studies revealed that the two forms were size isomers: a monomer of 59 KDa and a tetramer of 244 KDa. They differed in their Kms, thermal stabilities and energies of activation. We suggest that biochemical adaptation to temperature in the brain acetylcholinerase system of the fishTilapia mossambicais based on the aggregation-dissociation of these size isomers.
Plasmonic Nanolenses Produced by Cylindrical Vector Beam Printing for Sensing Applications
Authors: Syubaev S. A. , Zhizhchenko A. Yu. , Pavlov D. V. , Gurbatov S. O. , Pustovalov E. V. , Porfirev A. P. , Khonina S. N. , Kulinich S. A. , Rayappan J. B. B. , Kudryashov S. I. , Kuchmizhak A. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInteraction of complex-shaped light fields with specially designed plasmonic nanostructures gives rise to various intriguing optical phenomena like nanofocusing of surface waves, enhanced nonlinear optical response and appearance of specific low-loss modes, which can not be excited with ordinary Gaussian-shaped beams. Related complex-shaped nanostructures are commonly fabricated using rather expensive and time-consuming electron- and ion-beam lithography techniques limiting real-life applicability of such an approach. In this respect, plasmonic nanostructures designed to benefit from their excitation with complex-shaped light fields, as well as high-performing techniques allowing inexpensive and flexible fabrication of such structures, are of great demand for various applications. Here, we demonstrate a simple direct maskless laser-based approach for fabrication of back-reflector-coupled plasmonic nanorings arrays. The approach is based on delicate ablation of an upper metal film of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) sandwich with donut-shaped laser pulses followed by argon ion-beam polishing. After being excited with a radially polarized beam, the MIM configuration of the nanorings permitted to realize efficient nanofocusing of constructively interfering plasmonic waves excited in the gap area between the nanoring and back-reflector mirror. For optimized MIM geometry excited by radially polarized CVB, substantial enhancement of the electromagnetic near-fields at the center of the ring within a single focal spot with the size of 0.37λ2 can be achieved, which is confirmed by Finite Difference Time Domain calculations, as well as by detection of 100-fold enhanced photoluminescent signal from adsorbed organic dye molecules. Simple large-scale and cost-efficient fabrication procedure offering also a freedom in the choice of materials to design MIM structures, along with remarkable optical and plasmonic characteristics of the produced structures make them promising for realization of various nanophotonic and biosensing platforms that utilize cylindrical vector beam as a pump source.
Effect of plateletpheresis on hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte count: Meta-analysis 1980–2018
Authors: Gil-Betacur Alejandro , Mantilla-Gutiérrez Carmen Yulieth , Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe effects of platelet donation by apheresis on different parameters of the erythrogram are still unclear. The objective was to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count, with a systematic review with random effects meta-analysis of the mean difference. The PRISMA guidelines were considered, as well as 133 search strategies on four different databases. Reproducibility was guaranteed and methodological quality was evaluated. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Galbraith and DerSimonian-Laird’s, publication bias with a funnel plot and a Begg’s test, sensitivity analysis and a cumulative meta-analysis were also conducted. Eighteen (18) articles were included, 17 evaluated the effects on hematocrit in 2,564 donors; 13 on hemoglobin in 1,640 donors; and 4 on red blood cell count in 243 donors. A decrease of 2.26% (CI95% = 2.11–2.41) was observed in hematocrit, of 0.80 g/dL (CI95% = 0.75–0.86) in hemoglobin and −0.21 × 1012/L (CI95% = −0.13; −0.29) in red blood cell count. Plateletpheresis has a negative effect on the erythrogram parameters, explained by blood loss in the kits used for the procedure and cell lysis. Such evidence is relevant to secure the efficiency and safety of the procedure, improve selection processes or determine the number of donations that can be performed without affecting donors’ health.