bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Spacetime Symmetry Approach to Relativistic Quantum Multi-Particle Entanglement
Authors: Ungar Abraham A. 
Published: July 2020

A Lorentz transformation group SO(m, n) of signature (m, n), m, n ∈ N, in m time and n space dimensions, is the group of pseudo-rotations of a pseudo-Euclidean space of signature (m, n). Accordingly, the Lorentz group SO(1, 3) is the common Lorentz transformation group from which special relativity theory stems. It is widely acknowledged that special relativity and quantum theories are at odds. In particular, it is known that entangled particles involve Lorentz symmetry violation. We, therefore, review studies that led to the discovery that the Lorentz group SO(m, n) forms the symmetry group by which a multi-particle system of m entangled n-dimensional particles can be understood in an extended sense of relativistic settings. Consequently, we enrich special relativity by incorporating the Lorentz transformation groups of signature (m, 3) for all m ≥ 2. The resulting enriched special relativity provides the common symmetry group SO(1, 3) of the (1 + 3)-dimensional spacetime of individual particles, along with the symmetry group SO(m, 3) of the (m + 3)-dimensional spacetime of multi-particle systems of m entangled 3-dimensional particles, for all m ≥ 2. A unified parametrization of the Lorentz groups SO(m, n) for all m, n ∈ N, shakes down the underlying matrix algebra into elegant and transparent results. The special case when (m, n) = (1, 3) is supported experimentally by special relativity. It is hoped that this review article will stimulate the search for experimental support when (m, n) = (m, 3) for all m ≥ 2.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL DENGAN PERILAKU AGRESIF REMAJA DI SMP NEGERI 278 JAKARTA
Authors: Amaliah Anita , Febrianti Thrisia , Wibowo Dwi Endrasto 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Anita Amaliah. 2015. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence with Aggressive Youth Behavior in SMP Negeri 278 Jakarta. Guidance and Counseling Studies, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, As-Syafi'iyah Islamic University. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the aggressive behaviour in SMP Negeri 278 Jakarta. The method used in this research is the correlational and ex-post facto methods. The population was 201 students and samples taken using the Slovin formula were 114 students. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is the product moment correction technique and multiple comparison analysis
Based on the results of thought when the product with the SPSS 22.v program showed a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and adolescent intelligence with r=0.447 and Sig. 0,000 < 0.05. There was no significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and adolescent intelligence with r=0.015 and Sig. 0.473 > 0.05. There is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence with aggressive intelligence where Fcount 14.438 <Ftable 3.08

Bibliography: 12 of Book, 18 Article (2010-2018)
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence, Aggressive Teen Behavior
PERAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DALAM MENANGANI MASALAH KECEMASAN PADA ANAK DI PANTI ASUHAN
Authors: Saleh Zulfa Saleh , Karneli Yeni 
Published: July 2020

Konseling adalah proses bantuann yang diberikan ahli kepada individu atau sekelompok individu untuk mengembangakan KES dan mengentaskan KES-T. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pentingnya peran layanan konseling bagi anak panti yang berlatar belakang beragam. Berkumpul hidup dalam rumah panti asuhan dimana penyesuaian diri sangatlah penting untuk dilakukan oleh setiap indivudu penghuni panti. Peneliti menggunakan instrumen DASS Indonesia untuk mengetahui kondisi psikologis yang berkenaan dengan stres, kecemasan dan depresi. Dan memberi intervensi dengan memberi layanan konseling kelompok dan konseling perorangan. Hasil pengolahan instrumen DASS diperoleh kehidupan yang bahagia dialami anak selama di panti. Namun ada 2 anak yang mengalami kecemasan berat yang harus menemui konselor dan 4 orang anak mengalami kecemasan sederhana dan perlu pengelolaan. Layanan konseling perlu diberkan agar rasa kecemasan dapat segera teratasi dan tidak berlarut-larut yang dapat menghambat perkembangan anak.
Rumah peneleh sebagai rumah pengaderan: sebuah tinjauan sejarah dan aplikasi terhadap pembangunan sumber daya manusia di indonesia
Authors: Helmi Abdul Rachman 
Published: July 2020

Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan sebagai tinjauan atas keberhasilan pembangunan Sumber Daya Manusia yang diterapkan oleh Guru Bangsa Indonesia, yaitu Bapak HOS Tjokroaminoto, selaku pimpinan Syarikat Islam, dalam menerapkan metode pengaderan di rumah beliau di Jl Peneleh VII, Surabaya. Sebagai bahan telaah serta kajian, penulis menggunakan metode studi pustaka, berbagai informasi juga penulis dapatkan dari berbagai sumber saat bergerak di sebuah lembaga pelatihan. Sebuah metode pembinaan yang lengkap, mencerahkan, menekankan kemandirian, berlandaskan ketauladanan serta keikhlasan adalah aspek penting dalam keberhasilan pengembangan SDM di Rumah Peneleh.
Kata Kunci: Tjokroaminoto, Rumah Peneleh, Sumber Daya Manusia

Abstract
This paper aims to give an understanding as well as to reflect the success of human resource development that is applied by one of the nation’s great tutor, Mr. H.O.S Tjokroaminoto, who also leads Syarikat Islam in the forming of cadre in his own house located in Peneleh Street number VII, Surabaya City. The author applied case study methodology as well as gaining various information through the author’s experiences in the training institution. A coaching method that is complete, enlightening, overcoming, independence, and based on sincerity is an important aspect in supporting the development of human resources at Rumah Peneleh.
Keywords: Tjokroaminoto, The House of Peneleh, Human Resource
Effect of dexmedetomidine as a sedative in sub-dural hematoma evacuation surgeries
Authors: Vasudevarao Sunil Baikadi , Raja Kurinchi , Rao Rammoorthi 
Published: July 2020

Background & objective: We studied the safety and effectiveness of combination of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl for chronic sub-dural hematoma (CSDH) evacuation. Main objectives of the study was to register the effects on the combination on the cardio-respiratory and analgesic outcome.
Methodology: 56 patients with CSDH were divided into two group. Patients of Group A received dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg over a period of 10 min with fentanyl 1 µg/kg, followed by an infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.3 µg/kg/min. Group B received fentanyl 1 µg/kg and midazolam 0.03 mg/kg IV. Sedation scores, hemodynamic changes and serial arterial blood gas (ABG) measurements were compared between the two groups.
Results: Heart rate and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in Group A compared to Group B throughout the observation period after premedication. Systolic blood pressure readings was significantly lower in Group A compared to Group B from 10 min onwards till the end. ABG analysis showed that Group A had significantly lower PCO2 levels during and at the end of surgery and significantly higher PO2 at the end of procedure.
Conclusion: The use of dexmedetomidine is associated with significantly higher PO2 at the end of the surgical procedure. It results in lower heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and PCO2 levels during and at the end of the subdural hematoma evacuation, but the fall remains within the physiological range.
हठयौगिक ग्रंथों में कफ संबंधी दोषों को दूर करने के लिये वर्णित यौगिक विधिया : कोविड-19 महामारी के विशेष संदर्भ में
Authors: त्रिवेदी इन्द्राणी , त्रिवेदी पंकज कुमार 
Published: July 2020

योग एक प्राचीन विद्या है जिसका अभ्यास सहस्रों शताब्दियों से आत्म कल्याण हेतु किया जाता रहा है। आत्मकल्याण का सार मानव कल्याण में निहित है इन ।दोनों ही उद्देश्यों की प्राप्ति योग के द्वारा हो सकती है। वर्तमान समय में व्याप्त कोविड-19 (कोरोना वायनस डिसीज-19) रोग के संभावित समाधान के रूप में योगाभ्यास एक प्रभावी साधन सिद्ध हो सकता है। योग केवल शरीर को ही स्वस्थ नहीं बनाता अपितु मन को भी स्वस्थ करता है। योग रूप ज्ञान गंगा की विभिन्न धाराएं हैं जैसे हठयोग, राजयोग, कर्मयोग, ज्ञानयोग, भक्तियोग। इनमें से हठयोग व्यावहारिक स्तर पर किया जाने वाला एक अभ्यास है जिसका सिद्धांत है कि शरीर के माध्यम से मन और आत्मा को भी विकसित किया जा सकता है। भारतीय ज्ञान के अक्षय भण्डार में समग्र समस्याओं का हल निहित है। योग तथा आयुर्वेद के माध्यम से विभिन्न समस्याओं का समाधान मिलता रहा है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में कफ दोषों को दूर करने के लिए हठयोग के ग्रंथों में वर्णित अभ्यासों का समावेश किया गया है जिसके ज्ञान से प्रबुद्ध जनसामानान्य लाभान्वित हो सके। इन योगाभ्यासों के अंतर्गत षट्कर्म, आसन, मुदा-बंध तथा ध्यान जैसे अभ्यासों का वर्णन किया गया है । ये सभी अभ्यास कोरोना जैसे महामारी के लिए एक संभावित सहायक चिकित्सा पद्धति सिद्ध हो सकती है।
DOS DIREITOS DAS MULHERES COMO DIREITOS HUMANOS INDIVISÍVEIS AOS DEVERES DAS MULHERES PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÓMICO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: ROCHA Custódia 
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, a par da apresentação dos discursos políticos que enformam as declarações, as convenções, as recomendações, os tratados, as directivas, entre outros e inúmeros documentos produzidos ao nível internacional, na União Europeia, e em Portugal, mostra-se como as políticas de género, no contexto do neoliberalismo, são enquadradas por diversas orientações para a acção nas quais (re)impera um sentido tecnocrático que pode ser detectado através de diversas estratégias, tais como crescimento, flexibilidade, competitividade, entre outras. Com estas estratégias tem vindo a operar-se a uma transmutação semântica do âmbito “dos direitos das mulheres como direitos humanos indivisíveis” para o âmbito “dos deveres das mulheres para a resolução dos problemas da sustentabilidade económica”. Esta problematização torna-se, então, uma referência central, sobretudo quando se pensa que as reestruturações dos espaços laborais, formativos e educativos podem estar em consonância com novos critérios de racionalidade instrumental que é preciso desocultar.
Faz Sentido Pensar a Educação de um Ponto de Vista Feminista? Feminismos e seus Contributos para uma Educação Assente na Igualdade de Género
Authors: SILVA Sofia Marques da 
Published: July 2020

Este texto tem como propósito discorrer sobre a literatura feminista, relembrando que as lutas feministas pela igualdade entre homens e mulheres clamavam por uma justiça social que contempla o reconhecimento, o direito àmemória e ao não esquecimento, o direito a uma cidadania plena e não minimalista. Outro objetivo do texto é ressaltar os contributos do movimento feminista e de feministas para o aprofundamento do debate em torno da educação para a igualdade de gênero. Suas preocupações são relevantes para a compreensão dos percursos educacionais nas suas trajetórias de acesso, sucesso, de reconhecimento e de justiça.
Educação da Mulher Indígena Umutina
Authors: CURVO Roberto Tadeu Vaz 
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho é parte integrante de um projeto de pesquisa mais abrangente, intitulado Educação da MulherIndígena e realizado junto ao Instituto de Educação da UFMT. Busca-se entender como se dá a educação escolar de mulheres pertencentes ao povo indígena Umutina, localizado em área conhecida como componente do Médio-Norte do estado de Mato Grosso. Para o desenvolvimento da investigação, emprega-se a metodologia qualitativo-descritiva de caráter indutivo e fundamenta-se no estudo teórico das legislações nacionais e internacionais. Adotam-se como instrumentos de coleta de dados entrevistas orais aplicadas aos sujeitos da investigação, quais sejam dez pessoas, envolvendo professores, o presidente do Conselho Estadual de Educação Indígena, o presidente do Conselho Deliberativo Escolar, o presidente da Associação das Mulheres Indígenas de Mato Grosso e alunas do nível superior de ensino. A escolha por este objeto depesquisa justifica-se pelo fato de proporcionar uma visão mais ampla quanto ao funcionamento da educação escolar da etnia. As indagações levantadas permitem ao pesquisador entender, de início, como se opera o sistema de educação escolar indígena do povo Umutina em geral e, em seguida, compreender a educação escolar da mulher indígena especificamente. A relevância deste trabalho reside no fato de que, ao se constituir numa denúncia dos abusos e constrangimentos sofridospelos índios, ferindo sua dignidade e seus direitos, previstos nas legislações brasileira e internacional vigentes, resulta em novos conhecimentos, indispensáveis às concretização dos direitos e ao empoderamento desses povos em sua busca constante pela sobrevivência e pela educação escolar.
Questões Postas entre a Empiria das Pesquisas Brasileiras sobre Professores Iniciantes e Sindicatos Docentes: uma Revisão Bibliográfica no IBICT
Authors: ROCHA Deise Ramos da , SILVA Katia Augusta Pinheiro Cordeiro Curado 
Published: July 2020

A investigação se pauta na emergência de estudos e proposições da sindicalização do professor em início de carreira, a partir do entendimento dos sindicatos como espaços de formação de intelectuais autores de uma ação pedagógica contra hegemônica e ciente do significado de seu trabalho. Desta forma, este trabalho justifica a necessidade em realizar pesquisas empíricas, no campo das ações sindicais, em acolher o professor em início de carreira, a partir dos dados encontrados em uma revisão bibliográfica realizada no banco de dados de teses e dissertações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT), onde se percebe a ausência de teses e dissertações que tratem do objeto em pesquisa, no último período de 2000-2014, no Brasil. Os dados analisados apontam que é precisoreconhecer e relatar a perspectiva de transformação da realidade que os sindicatos trazem, impactando as perspectivas de ações sindicais, na medida em que a militância proporciona ao docente, condições em dinamizar o ensino-aprendizado na prática comunitária e democrática, fundamentada em ações que dialogam com a realidade, além de consolidar uma identidade docente-militante.
PARA UMA DISCUSSÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA NA ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA: ALGUMAS IMPLICAÇÕES TEÓRICAS E EMPÍRICAS
Authors: PINHEIRO Daniel Calbino , PAULA Ana Paula Paes de 
Published: July 2020

O trabalho teórico-empírico teve por objetivo realizar uma discussão sobre os conceitos de eiciência na Economia Solidária. Para tal, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema, apontando que embora a eiciência seja considerada como neutra, a-histórica e apolítica, na realidade é um construto social, deliberado por cada grupo e constituído de acordo com os objetivos estabelecidos. Neste mesmo sentido, recorreu-se por meio de uma pesquisa participante em uma organização coletivista da Venezuela, com o intuito de apontar como um exemplo prático que ilustra as diversas dimensões da eiciência presente em seu modo de organização.
Les représentations des surfaces continentales dans les modèles atmosphériques : aperçu historique
Authors: Beljaars Anton , Mahfouf Jean-François 
Published: July 2020

Cet article décrit les représentations des surfaces continentales dans les modèles atmosphériques disponibles jusque dans les années 1990. Après avoir présenté les concepts de base de l'évaporation de surface, on montre les limitations du « modèle baquet ». Afin de modéliser les effets des désertifications et déforestations, des représentations plus réalistes, décrivant notamment les effets de la végétation (transpiration des plantes et interception de la pluie), ont été développées. On conclut en résumant les besoins en jeux de données (campagnes de mesures, cartographies globales des sols et de la végétation) pour mieux contraindre et valider ces représentations de surface.
This paper describes land surface schemes available in atmospheric models until the 90's. After a presentation of the basic concepts on surface evaporation, the limitations of the bucket model are shown. In order to model desertif ications and deforestations, more realistic schemes, including vegetation effects (plant transpiration and rainfall interception) have been developed. One concludes by a summary on the need of data sets (field campaigns, global vegetation and land cover maps) in order to constrain and validate such surface schemes.
La représentation des surfaces continentales pour la prévision hydrologique
Authors: Habets Florence , Etchevers Pierre , Le Moigne Patrick 
Published: July 2020

La modélisation hydrométéorologique initiée par Joël Noilhan permet aujourd'hui d'anticiper les risques de crues sur plusieurs jours, l'évolution de la ressource en eau en France sur plusieurs mois et de projeter les tendances sur le XXIe siècle. Pour cela, il a fallu intégrer des processus sous mailles dans le schéma de surface Isba, car ils sont à l'origine de la genèse d'écoulements préférentiels, et affiner la description de la physiographie. Un des co-bénéfices les plus marquants a été la production d'une réanalyse des variables météorologiques de surface sur la France, aujourd'hui disponible sur plus de 60 ans. Les collaborations initiées avec les hydrologues et acteurs de l'eau se sont encore renforcées, afin de co-construire les modèles de prévisions hydrométéorologiques de demain.
The hydrometeorological modeling initiated by Joël Noilhan leads today to short- and medium-range forecast of flood risks, seasonal forecasts of the evolution of the water resource in France and projection of its evolution during the 21st century. To do so, it was necessary to integrate subgrid processes in the land surface scheme ISBA, as they generate preferential flow, and to refine physiographic datasets. One of the most significant co-benef its is the production of a reanalysis of near-surface meteorological variables over France now available over more than 60 years. The initial collaboration with hydrologists and stakeholders has now been strengthened in order to co-design future hydrometeorological forecast models.
دراسة مقارنة في القيادة الذكية بين اللجنة الاولمبية والبارالمبية الوطنية العراقية من وجهة نظر اعضاء اتحاداتها الرياضية
Authors: Ali Ali Abdul Latif Abdul Latif , Rashid Ammar Darwish 
Published: July 2020

تكمن أهمية البحث في دراسة الجانب القيادي من خلال رؤية الاتحادات المركزية لقيادات اللجنة الاولمبية والبارالمبية ومقارنة النتائج التي تم التوصل اليها من خلال مقياس القيادة الذكية والذي يشمل على المجالات وهي (الذكاء الشخصية – ذكاء الشعوري – ذكاء العقلاني – ذكاء الروحي) وما تواجهه اللجنة الاولمبية والبارالمبية من متغيرات متعددة على المستوى الاداري مما يتطلب منها إيجاد قيادة فاعلة لتلافي الاخطاء او الازمات التي من الممكن ان يتلافاها القائد الذكي. لذا وضع الباحثان بعض الأسئلة الآتية: ما مدى امتلاك اللجنةالاولمبية و البارالمبية لقيادات ذكية تحمل مؤهلات القيادة, ما هي الذكاءات القيادية التي يحملها قادة اللجنة الاولمبية او البارالمبية ؟ هل قادة اللجنة الاولمبية والبارالمبية لديهم القدرة على تحسين انفسهم بحيث يعملون على الجمع بين انواع القيادة الذكية وبلورتها بشكل عملي يخدم الاتحادات والموظفين للارتقاء بالعمل الاداري وصنع القرار الرياضي . تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي بالاسلوب المسحي وبطريقة العلاقات الارتباطية والمقارنة وتم اختيار عينة البحث من اعضاء الاتحادات المركزية للجنة الاولمبية والبارالمبية بواقع (50) عضوا لكل لجنة , حيث تم توزيع (100) استمارة اي بنسبة (50) استمارة لاتحادات اللجنة الاولمبية و(50) استمارة لاتحادات اللجنة البارالمبية , وقد اعتمد الباحثان على استبانه جاهزة لقياس متغيرات القيادة الذكية التي تم الحصول عليها من دراسة (علي عبد اللطيف علي 2019), وتم عرض الوصف الأحصائي لبيانات مقياسي القيادة الذكية للجنة الاولمبية والبارالمبية ومناقشتها فضلا عن عرض نتائج الفروق بين الاولمبية والبارلمبية في مقياس القيادة الذكية ومناقشتها, واستنتج الباحثان أن اعضاء الاتحادات المركزية البارالمبية التي تمثل عينة البحث تتمتع ببعض الخصائص القيادية لتحقيق الأهداف المطلوبة منها إلا أن السياسات التي تتبعها اللجنة البارالمبية قد أبعدتهم عن ممارسة دورهم القيادي أو مشاركتهم الفعلية في اتخاذ القرارات واكتفت بدورها في الاتحادات مما انعكس ذلك على أن يكون دورهم سلبياً أكثر مما يكون ايجابياً في حدوث أزمة. واوصى الباحثان العمل على تطوير المهارات للقيادة العليا ، وتعزيز ما تمتلكه من مهارات قيادية عن طريق تحسين قدراتهم ومهاراتهم في مجال الذكاء الشعوري والذكاء العقلاني والذكاء الروحي. وأن تساهم اللجنةالاولمبية والبارالمبية في زج اعضاء الاتحادات الخاصين في دورات القيادة لتكون لديهم المعرفة بالقيادة الإدارية ( وخاصة القيادة الذكية)، إدارة الأزمات، نظريات القيادة، المسؤولية الاجتماعية، نظم التحفيز، حيث لمس الباحثان أن القيادات الإدارية التي شملها البحث لديهم خبرة فنية في مجال عملهم دون الثقافة الإدارية الكافية.
STATUS PEMULIHAN STOK TERIPANG DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN SERIBU
Authors: Samusamu Andreas 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian pemulihan stok teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra) telah dilakukann di Perairan Kepulauan Seribu pada dua periode yaitu tahun 2003 – 2004 dan tahun 2008-2009. Teripang yang digunakan dalam penelitian berasal dari perairan Ringgung, Teluk Lampung, ada yang berukuran benih maupun siap dilepaskan di alam. Teripang yang berukuran benih atau kurang dari 100 gram dibesarkan dahulu dalam kurungan tancap berlidah sampai berukuran matang gonad, panjang 220 ml dan berat 200 - 300 gram. Pengamatan kondisi lingkungan perairan menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Kongsi mendukung untuk lokasi pembesaran teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra), dan Pulau Pamegaran sebagai lokasi untuk pelepasan teripang di alam (Restocking). Selain mempunyai habitat sesuai dengan habitat alami, perairan Pulau Pamegaran merupakan wilayah yang semi tertutup, dan sedimen dasar perairan relatif lebih halus. Jaring tancap berlidah merupakan sarana yang paling tepat untuk pembesaran teripang sebelum dilepas di alam, karena mempunyai tingkat kelolosan yang rendah bahkan dalam penelitian tingkat kelolosan dari jaring 0%. Laju pertumbuhan teripang per hari pada beberapa kali percobaan pembesaran di Pulau Kongsi selama 8- 9 bulan pada kisaran 0,41-0,82% dengan kelolos hidupan mencapai 100%. Laju pertumbuahan per hari teripang yang dilepas di perairan Pulau Pamegaran selama 12 bulan adalah 0,4 %, dengan tingkat kelolos hidupan 4%. Melalui kegiatan pelepasan (restocking) teripang pasir, perairan Pulau Pamegaran dapat dimanfaatan sebagai daerah reservasi.
5.3. MEANING OF BANK CAPITAL FOR LOAN
Authors: Посная Е.А. , Тарасенко С.В. , Дицуленко О.И. , Казнова М.И. 
Published: July 2020

В исследовании представлены теоретический анализ и практическое значение процесса формирования капитала банка и взаимосвязь этого процесса с кредитованием. Текущий запас капитала банка должен быть достаточным для того, чтобы выдавать кредиты с повышенным уровнем риска. Поэтому банковским учреждениям целесообразно иметь размер капитала выше, чем уровень достаточного, согласно нормативным документам. От стратегически грамотно сформированного капитала банка напрямую зависит получение прибыли, что является основной целью деятельности коммерческого банка.
The study presents a theoretical analysis and practical significance of the process of bank capital formation and the relationship of this process with lending. The current capital reserve of banks must be sufficient to issue loans with a high level of risk. Therefore, it is advisable for banking institutions to have an amount of capital higher than the level of sufficient, according to regulatory documents. Profit directly depends on the strategically competently formed capital of the bank, which is the main goal of the commercial bank.