bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) for Japanese patients with labral tear
Authors: Watanabe Nobuyuki , Murakami Satona , Uchida Soshi , Tateishi Satoshi , Ohara Hidetsugu , Yamamoto Yasuhiro , Kojima Taiki ,   JAHORN (Japan Arthroscopy of the Hip Outcomes Research Network)
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) was created for patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and to evaluate the conditions of patients with hip disease. Nevertheless, the validity of the JHEQ for patients with hip labral tears remains unclear. Therefore, we validated the JHEQ in patients with labral tears. There were 51 patients (mean age 44.5, range 18–60 years; 31 women). Thirty-two patients had right-sided tears, 29 underwent hip arthroscopy, 32 had femoroacetabular impingement and 15 had developmental hip dysplasia. Five PROMs included in the JHEQ were evaluated using test–retest methods. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments checklist. The intra-class correlation coefficient (1, 2) of all JHEQ scores (84 points) was 0.88 and Cronbach’s α was 0.94. Bland–Altman analysis revealed good test–retest reliability for the JHEQ. The Spearman’s rank test, including the SF-36 subscale, showed a high correlation with physical functioning [1, 0.67 (P &lt; 0.01); 2, 0.65 (P &lt; 0.01)], body pain [1, 0.54 (P &lt; 0.01); 2, 0.53 (P &lt; 0.01)] and physical component summary [1, 0.55 (P &lt; 0.01); 2, 0.55 (P &lt; 0.01)]. The value of minimal important change (22.9) was higher than that of smallest detectable change (3.21), suggesting that the JHEQ has adequate responsiveness. We demonstrated the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the JHEQ in Japanese patients with hip labral tears. JHEQ is a valid assessment tool not only for patients with hip osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis but also for those with hip labral tears.
Refugee and Asylum-Seeking Children in Mae Sot and Bangkok: An Analysis of Unmet Needs and Risks
Authors: Thoresen Paradee , Gillieatt Sue , Fielding Angela 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article reports on a longitudinal case study, which included site visits in Thailand from 2014 to 2015, and participant follow-up to mid-2018. It documents the lived experience of children from Syria, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Vietnam, and Myanmar in two different locations in Thailand: Bangkok and Mae Sot (a district close to Thailand-Myanmar border with a long history of economic migrants and refugees from Myanmar). It documents perspectives of children and the adults in their lives while in exile. It presents an analysis of the children’s perspectives on needs and how unmet needs for safety, basic materials, health care, and education put them at risk of arrest, detention, abuse, and exploitation, and impact their psychological development. Contextual factors such as available services, existing policies and laws are also discussed in relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).
On the mechanism of polarized metre-wave stellar emission
Authors: Vedantham H K 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Two coherent radio emission mechanisms operate in stellar coronae: plasma emission and cyclotron emission. They directly probe the electron density and magnetic field strength respectively. Most stellar radio detections have been made at cm-wavelengths where it is often not possible to uniquely identify the emission mechanism, hindering the utility of radio observations in probing coronal conditions. In anticipation of stellar observations from a suite of sensitive low-frequency ($\nu \sim 10^2\, {\rm MHz}$) radio telescopes, here I apply the general theory of coherent emission in non-relativistic plasma to the low-frequency case. I consider the recently reported low-frequency emission from dMe flare stars AD Leo and UV Ceti and the quiescent star GJ 1151 as test cases. My main conclusion is that unlike the cm-wave regime, for reasonable turbulence saturation regimes, the emission mechanism in metre-wave observations ($\nu \sim 10^2\, {\rm MHz}$) can often be identified based on the observed brightness temperature, emission duration, and polarization fraction. I arrive at the following heuristic: M-dwarf emission that is ≳ hour-long with ${\gtrsim}50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ circular polarized fraction at brightness temperatures of ${\gtrsim}10^{12}\,$K at ${\sim}100\, {\rm MHz}$ in M-dwarfs strongly favours a cyclotron maser interpretation.
New optically identified supernova remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Yew Miranda , Filipović Miroslav D , Stupar Milorad , Points Sean D , Sasaki Manami , Maggi Pierre , Haberl Frank , Kavanagh Patrick J , Parker Quentin A , Crawford Evan J , Vukotić Branislav , Urošević Dejan , Sano Hidetoshi , Seitenzahl Ivo R , Rowell Gavin , Leahy Denis , Bozzetto Luke M , Maitra Chandreyee , Leverenz Howard , Payne Jeffrey L , Park Laurence A F , Alsaberi Rami Z E , Pannuti Thomas G 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a new optical sample of three Supernova Remnants (SNRs) and 16 Supernova Remnant (SNR) candidates in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). These objects were originally selected using deep H α, [S ii], and [O iii] narrow-band imaging. Most of the newly found objects are located in less dense regions, near or around the edges of the LMC’s main body. Together with previously suggested MCSNR J0541–6659, we confirm the SNR nature for two additional new objects: MCSNR J0522–6740 and MCSNR J0542–7104. Spectroscopic follow-up observations for 12 of the LMC objects confirm high [S ii]/H α emission-line ratios ranging from 0.5 to 1.1. We consider the candidate J0509–6402 to be a special example of the remnant of a possible type Ia Supernova (SN) which is situated some 2° (∼1.75 kpc) north from the main body of the LMC. We also find that the SNR candidates in our sample are significantly larger in size than the currently known LMC SNRs by a factor of ∼2. This could potentially imply that we are discovering a previously unknown but predicted, older class of large LMC SNRs that are only visible optically. Finally, we suggest that most of these LMC SNRs are residing in a very rarefied environment towards the end of their evolutionary span where they become less visible to radio and X-ray telescopes.
Refeeding syndrome as described in 1507 by Antonio Benivieni in Florence
Authors: De Santo Natale G , Bisaccia Carmela , Phillips Malcolm E , De Santo Luca S 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
In 1981, Weinsier and Krumdieck described death resulting from overzealous total parenteral nutrition in two chronically malnourished, but stable, patients given aggressive total parenteral nutrition. This was the birth of what is now called the refeeding syndrome, a nutrition-related disorder associated with severe electrolyte disturbances.
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that refeeding syndrome was first described medically in Florence by Antonio Benivieni in 1507 in his book On Some Hidden and Remarkable Causes of Diseases and Cures.
What we now know as refeeding syndrome was described in Report No. LVII of that book. The condition occurred as a result of the famine that affected Florence in 1496. The report documents (i) death due to starvation, (ii) death due to ingestion of deteriorated/toxic foods (inevitable in times of famine when healthy food is scarce), (iii) death caused by excessive food ingestion after forced, prolonged abstinence from food in adults, (iv) the death of breast-fed children and of their starved mothers eating to satiety and (v) the more favourable clinical outcome of those admitted to hospitals.
It is possible that Benivieni was inspired by the description of the deaths of starved deserters in the book The Jewish War (70 AD) by the Romano-Jewish historian Flavius Josephus. Nevertheless, Benivieni wrote the first medical account of the central clinical features of refeeding syndrome. The main, broad clinical aspects of refeeding syndrome, described by Weinsier and Krumdieck in 1981, had been documented in medical literature four centuries earlier by Benivieni.
Memory in low-grade glioma patients treated with radiotherapy or temozolomide: a correlative analysis of EORTC study 22033-26033
Authors: Klein Martin , Drijver A Josephine , van den Bent Martin J , Bromberg Jacolien C , Hoang-Xuan Khê , Taphoorn Martin J B , Reijneveld Jaap C , Ben Hassel Mohamed , Vauleon Elodie , Eekers Daniëlle B P , Tzuk-Shina Tzahala , Lucas Anna , Freixa Salvador Villà , Golfinopoulos Vasilis , Gorlia Thierry , Hottinger Andreas F , Stupp Roger , Baumert Brigitta G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
EORTC study 22033–26033 showed no difference in progression-free survival between high-risk low-grade glioma receiving either radiotherapy (RT) or temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy alone as primary treatment. Considering the potential long-term deleterious impact of RT on memory functioning, this study aims to determine whether TMZ is associated with less impaired memory functioning.

Methods
Using the Visual Verbal Learning Test (VVLT), memory functioning was evaluated at baseline and subsequently every 6 months. Minimal compliance for statistical analyses was set at 60%. Conventional indices of memory performance (VVLT Immediate Recall, Total Recall, Learning Capacity, and Delayed Recall) were used as outcome measures. Using a mixed linear model, memory functioning was compared between treatment arms and over time.

Results
Neuropsychological assessment was performed in 98 patients (53 RT, 46 TMZ). At 12 months, compliance had dropped to 66%, restricting analyses to baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. At baseline, patients in either treatment arm did not differ in memory functioning, sex, age, or educational level. Over time, patients in both arms showed improvement in Immediate Recall (P = 0.017) and total number of words recalled (Total Recall; P &lt; 0.001, albeit with delayed improvement in RT patients (group by time; P = 0.011). Memory functioning was not associated with RT gross, clinical, or planned target volumes.

Conclusion
In patients with high-risk low-grade glioma there is no indication that in the first year after treatment, RT has a deleterious effect on memory function compared with TMZ chemotherapy.
Universal Polymerase Chain Reaction and Antibody Testing Demonstrate Little to No Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Rural Community
Authors: Appa Ayesha , Takahashi Saki , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Chamie Gabriel , Sawyer Aenor , Duarte Elias , Hakim Jill , Turcios Keirstinne , Vinden Joanna , Janson Owen , Manglik Aashish , Peluso Michael J , Deeks Steven G , Henrich Timothy J , Torres Leonel , Rodgers Mary , Hackett John , Chiu Charles , Havlir Diane , Greenhouse Bryan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundLimited systematic surveillance for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the early months of the US epidemic curtailed accurate appraisal of transmission intensity. Our objective was to perform case detection of an entire rural community to quantify SARS-CoV-2 transmission using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody testing.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the rural town of Bolinas, California (population 1620), 4 weeks after shelter-in-place orders. Participants were tested between April 20 and 24, 2020. Prevalence by PCR and seroprevalence from 2 forms of antibody testing were performed in parallel (Abbott ARCHITECT immunoglobulin [Ig]G and in-house IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).ResultsOf 1891 participants, 1312 were confirmed Bolinas residents (&gt;80% community ascertainment). Zero participants were PCR positive. Assuming 80% sensitivity, it would have been unlikely to observe these results (P &lt; .05) if there were &gt;3 active infections in the community. Based on antibody results, estimated prevalence of prior infection was 0.16% (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.02%–0.46%). The positive predictive value (PPV) of a positive result on both tests was 99.11% (95% CrI, 95.75%–99.94%), compared with PPV 44.19%–63.32% (95% CrI, 3.25%–98.64%) if 1 test was utilized.ConclusionsFour weeks after shelter-in-place, SARS-CoV-2 infection in a rural Northern California community was extremely rare. In this low-prevalence setting, use of 2 antibody tests increased seroprevalence estimate precision. This was one of the first community-wide studies to successfully implement synchronous PCR and antibody testing, particularly in a rural setting. Widespread testing remains an underpinning of effective disease control in conjunction with consistent uptake of public health measures.
Predictors of subclinical systemic sclerosis primary heart involvement characterised by microvasculopathy and myocardial fibrosis
Authors: Dumitru Raluca B , Bissell Lesley-Anne , Erhayiem Bara , Fent Graham , Kidambi Ananth , Swoboda Peter , Abignano Giuseppina , Donica Helena , Burska Agata , Greenwood John P , Biglands John , Del Galdo Francesco , Plein Sven , Buch Maya H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
SSc primary heart involvement (SSc-pHI) is a significant cause of mortality. We aimed to characterize and identify predictors of subclinical SSc-pHI using cardiovascular MRI.

Methods
A total of 83 SSc patients with no history of cardiovascular disease or pulmonary arterial hypertension and 44 healthy controls (HCs) underwent 3 Tesla contrast-enhanced cardiovascular MRI, including T1 mapping and quantitative stress perfusion. High-sensitivity troponin I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide were also measured.

Results
Cardiovascular MRI revealed a lower myocardial perfusion reserve in the SSc patients compared with HCs {median (interquartile range (IQR)] 1.9 (1.6–2.4) vs 3 (2–3.6), P &lt; 0.001}. Late gadolinium enhancement, indicating focal fibrosis, was observed in 17/83 patients but in none of the HCs, with significantly higher extracellular volume (ECV), suggestive of diffuse fibrosis, in SSc vs HC [mean (s.d.) 31 (4) vs 25 (2), P &lt; 0.001]. Presence of late gadolinium enhancement and higher ECV was associated with skin score [odds ratio (OR) = 1.115, P = 0.048; R2 = 0.353, P = 0.004], and ECV and myocardial perfusion reserve was associated with the presence of digital ulcers at multivariate analysis (R2 = 0.353, P &lt; 0.001; R2 = 0.238, P = 0.011). High-sensitivity troponin I was significantly higher in patients with late gadolinium enhancement, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide was associated with ECV (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Subclinical SSc-pHI is characterized by myocardial microvasculopathy, diffuse and focal myocardial fibrosis but preserved myocardial contractile function. This subclinical phenotype of SSc-pHI was associated with high-sensitivity troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, SSc disease severity and complicated peripheral vasculopathy. These data provide information regarding the underlying pathophysiological processes and provide a basis for identifying individuals at risk of SSc-pHI.
Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity of Deoxynivalenol Exposure in aDermatophagoides farinae-Induced Murine Asthma Model
Authors: Ookawara Toa , Aihara Ryota , Morimoto Ai , Iwashita Naoki , Kurata Keigo , Takagi Yoshiichi , Miyasaka Atsushi , Kushiro Masayo , Miyake Shiro , Fukuyama Tomoki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPreviously, researchers have demonstrated that mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) significantly enhances immunocyte activation. However, the interaction between DON exposure and immune disorders remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether acute and subacute oral exposure to DON exacerbates the development of respiratory allergy using a mite allergen (Dermatophagoides farina, Derf)-induced mouse model of asthma. The direct relationship between DON exposure and asthma development was examined following acute oral DON administration (0, 0.1, or 0.3 mg/kg body weight), immediately before the final mite allergen challenge. Simultaneously, the influence of subacute oral exposure via low dose DON contaminated wheat (0.33 ppm) was evaluated using the same settings. To detect the proinflammatory effects of DON exposure, we examined the total and Derf-specific serum IgE levels, histology, number of immunocytes, and cytokine and chemokine secretion. Acute oral DON significantly enhanced the inflammatory responses, including cellular infiltration into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, infiltration of immunocytes and cytokine production in local lymph nodes, and cytokine levels in lung tissues. Corresponding proinflammatory responses were observed in a mouse group exposed to subacute oral DON. In vivo results were validated by in vitro experiments using the human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) and human eosinophilic leukemia (EOL-1) cell lines. Following exposure to DON, the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and/or tumor necrosis factor-α in BEAS-2B cells, as well as EoL-1 cells, increased significantly. Our findings indicate that DON exposure is significantly involved in the proinflammatory response observed in respiratory allergy.
Phylogenetic revision of the shrimp generaEphyrina,MeningodoraandNotostomus(Acanthephyridae: Caridea)
Authors: Lunina Anastasiia A , Kulagin Dmitry N , Vereshchaka Alexander L 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe shrimp genera Ephyrina, Meningodora and Notostomus have an unusual carapace strengthened with carinae and a half-serrated mandible, which may suggest a possible monophyly of this group. Here we test this hypothesis and present the first phylogenetic study of these genera based on 95 morphological characters (all valid species coded) and six molecular markers (71% of valid species sequenced). Representatives of all genera of Oplophoridae (sister to Acanthephyridae) were outgroups, 32 species belonging to all genera and potentially different clades of Acanthephyridae were ingroups. Both morphological and molecular analyses retrieve trees with similar topology. Our results reject the hypothesis of a clade formed by Ephyrina + Meningodora + Notostomus. We show that Ephyrina and Notostomus are monophyletic, both on morphological and on molecular trees, Meningodora gains support only on morphological trees. Evolutionary traits in the Ephyrina and Meningodora + Notostomus clades are different. Synapomorphies are mostly linked to adaptations to forward motion in Ephyrina (oar-like meri and ischia of pereopods, stempost-like rostrum) and to progressive strengthening of the carapace and pleon in Meningodora and Notostomus (net of sharp carinae). Unusual mandibles evolved in the clades independently and represent convergent adaptations to feeding on gelatinous organisms.
Predictability of preoperative carotid artery-corrected flow time for hypotension after spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing caesarean section
Authors: Kim Hye Jin , Choi Yong Seon , Kim Seung Hyun , Lee Wootaek , Kwon Ja-Young , Kim Do-Hyeong 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND
Spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension is frequently reported in patients undergoing caesarean section. Mechanistically, sympathetic blockade reduces the systemic vascular resistance and the left ventricular preload, causing hypotension, which is augmented by aortocaval compression. The corrected blood flow time (FTc) is affected by the preload and is inversely related to the afterload.

OBJECTIVE
We hypothesised that the preanaesthetic carotid artery FTc could predict hypotension after induction in patients undergoing a caesarean section with spinal anaesthesia.

DESIGN
A prospective observational study.

SETTING
A tertiary referral centre in South Korea from September 2018 to November 2019.

PARTICIPANTS
Thirty-eight parturients scheduled for elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.

INTERVENTIONS
Using carotid ultrasonography, FTc was measured twice prior to inducing spinal anaesthesia. FTc was calculated using both Bazett's (B) and Wodey's (W) formulae. Hypotension was defined as an SBP decrease to less than 80 mmHg, or less than 75% of baseline, or if symptoms consistent with hypotension occurred from the time of injection of the spinal anaesthetic until delivery.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary endpoint was to determine the predictive value of preanaesthetic FTc for postspinal hypotension during caesarean delivery.

RESULTS
Among the 35 patients who completed this study, hypotension occurred in 21 (60%). The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves for FTc (B) and FTc (W) were 0.905 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.757 to 0.978, P < 0.001] and 0.922 (95% CI, 0.779 to 0.985, P < 0.001), respectively. The optimal cut-off values for predicting hypotension were 346.4 and 326.9 ms, respectively. The grey zone for FTc (B) and FTc (W) included 40 and 14% of the patients, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Preanaesthetic carotid artery FTc was a reliable indicator of postspinal hypotension in parturients. Considering the grey zone, Wodey's formula is better than Bazett's formula.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03631329.
t(1;22)(p13;q13) Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia Complicated by Hepatic Fibrosis: Antifibrosis Therapy?
Authors: Feng Jianhua , Leung Alex W.K. , Cheng Frankie W.T. , Lam Grace K.S. , Chow Terry T.W. , Ng Margaret H.L. , Chu Winnie C.W. , Chan Natalie P.H. , Li Chi-kong 
Published: October 2020

Background:
There is no established effective treatment for patients with t(1;22)(p13;q13) acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) and hepatic fibrosis.

Observation:
Here we report the outcomes of 2 t(1;22)(p13;q13) AMKL patients with hepatic fibrosis. One patient died from liver failure despite the control of leukemia. The other patient was successfully treated with reduced-intensity chemotherapy and antifibrosis therapy with tretinoin and α-tocopheryl acetate, the hepatic fibrosis resolved and leukemia was in remission for 3 years.

Conclusions:
Reduced-intensity chemotherapy plus antifibrosis therapy with tretinoin and α-tocopheryl acetate could be a treatment option for these patients with t(1;22)(p13;q13) AMKL and hepatic fibrosis.