bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart Failure Dashboard Design and Validation to Improve Care of Veterans
Authors: Foster Marva , Albanese Catherine , Chen Qiang , Sethares Kristen A. , Evans Stewart , Lehmann Lisa Soleymani , Spencer Jacqueline , Joseph Jacob 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Early electronic identification of patients at the highest risk for heart failure (HF) readmission presents a challenge. Data needed to identify HF patients are in a variety of areas in the electronic medical record (EMR) and in different formats.
Objective The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and data validation of a HF dashboard that monitors the overall metrics of outcomes and treatments of the veteran patient population with HF and enhancing the use of guideline-directed pharmacologic therapies.
Methods We constructed a dashboard that included several data points: care assessment need score; ejection fraction (EF); medication concordance; laboratory tests; history of HF; and specified comorbidities based on International Classification of Disease (ICD), ninth and tenth codes. Data validation testing with user test scripts was utilized to ensure output accuracy of the dashboard. Nine providers and key senior management participated in data validation.
Results A total of 43 medical records were reviewed and 66 HF dashboard data discrepancies were identified during development. Discrepancies identified included: generation of multiple EF values on a few patients, missing or incorrect ICD codes, laboratory omission, incorrect medication issue dates, patients incorrectly noted as nonconcordant for medications, and incorrect dates of last cardiology appointments. Continuous integration and builds identified defects—an important process of the verification and validation of biomedical software. Data validation and technical limitations are some challenges that were encountered during dashboard development. Evaluations by testers and their focused feedback contributed to the lessons learned from the challenges.
Conclusion Continuous refinement with input from multiple levels of stakeholders is crucial to development of clinically useful dashboards. Extraction of all relevant information from EMRs, including the use of natural language processing, is crucial to development of dashboards that will help improve care of individual patients and populations.
Delayed-Interval Delivery in Dichorionic Twin Pregnancies: A Case Report of 154 Latency Days
Authors: de Frias Catarina Alexandra Soares , Queirós Alexandra Sofia Puga Alvarez de Faria , Simões Helena Teresinha Fernandes 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPremature delivery often complicates multifetal pregnancies, placing neonates at risk of serious morbidity and mortality. In select cases, preterm birth of one sibling may not require delivery of the remaining fetus(es), which may remain in utero for a delayed-interval delivery, consequently improving neonatal morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no consensus on the best protocol for the optimal management of these cases. We report one case of delayed-interval delivery of a dichorionic pregnancy assisted in our center. In this case, prophylactic cerclage, tocolytic therapy and administration of broad-spectrum prophylactic antibiotics enabled delivery at 37 weeks, corresponding to 154 days of latency, which is, to our knowledge, the longest interval described in the literature. The attempt to defer the delivery of the second fetus in peri-viability is an option that should be offered to parents after counseling, providing that the clinical criteria of eligibility are fulfilled. The correct selection of candidates, combined with the correct performance of procedures, as well as fetal and maternal monitoring and early identification of complications increase the probability of success of this type of delivery.
The Etiology of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Death in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: A Multicenter Survey in China
Authors: Zhou Jianguo , Ba Yin , Du Yang , Lin Sam Bill , Chen Chao ,   on behalf of the Chinese Collaborative Study Group for Etiologies of NICU Deaths
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to identify causes of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) death in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants less than 1,000 g admitted in Chinese tertiary NICUs.
Study design We retrospectively collected data on 607 ELBW infants from 39 level III NICUs from July 2016 to June 2019. The primary causes of death were compared among different gestation age, postnatal age groups, and areas with variable economic status.
Results Among all 607 ELBW NICU deaths, 47.1% were multiple gestation with high rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF) (43.3%); 53.4 and 34.1% received any or full course of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS). The most common causes of ELBW NICU death were respiratory distress syndrome-related neonatal respiratory failure (RDS-NRF, 43.5%), severe infection (19.1%), necrotizing enterocolitis or bowel perforation (9.4%), severe central nervous system injury (8.4%), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia-related respiratory failure (BPD-NRF, 7.7%). Causes of ELBW NICU death varied across postnatal age groups. RDS-NRF was the leading cause of early neonatal death, while severe infection in late neonatal death and BPD in postneonatal EBLW NICU death. RDS-NRF, severe brain injury, and asphyxia were most likely to die at early neonatal age (median age [interquartile range], 2 [0–5], 6 [3–9], and 3 [1–6] days, respectively) while severe infection and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) at late neonatal age, BPD-NRF at postneonatal age.
Conclusion In Chinese tertiary NICUs, the major causes of death in extremely low birth weight infants were RDS, infection, NEC, brain injury and BPD, and they varied with postnatal age. Developing specific prevention strategies for identified causes of death in ELBW NICU may potentially improve ELBW survival.
Fundamental limits on key rates in device-independent quantum key distribution
Authors: Kaur Eneet , Wilde Mark M , Winter Andreas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce intrinsic non-locality and quantum intrinsic non-locality as quantifiers for Bell non-locality, and we prove that they satisfy certain desirable properties such as faithfulness, convexity, and monotonicity under local operations and shared randomness. We then prove that intrinsic non-locality is an upper bound on the secret-key-agreement capacity of any device-independent protocol conducted using a device characterized by a correlation p, while quantum intrinsic non-locality is an upper bound on the same capacity for a correlation arising from an underlying quantum model. We also prove that intrinsic steerability is faithful, and it is an upper bound on the secret-key-agreement capacity of any one-sided-device-independent protocol conducted using a device characterized by an assemblage

ρ

ˆ

. Finally, we prove that quantum intrinsic non-locality is bounded from above by intrinsic steerability.
A Scoping Review of Stress Beliefs: Literature Integration, Measurement Issues, and Theoretical Concerns
Authors: Kilby Christopher J , Sherman Kerry A , Wuthrich Viviana M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Individual stress beliefs are associated with stress-related behavioral responses and health consequences. The Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation may help in understanding the role of stress beliefs in these behavioral responses and consequences.

Purpose
To synthesize empirical studies exploring the relationship between stress beliefs and stress-related behavioral responses and health consequences using the Common-Sense Model as a guiding framework.

Methods
Peer-reviewed journal articles on stress beliefs in PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts were included if they were in English, reported on adult humans. Nineteen of the 1,972 unique articles reporting on 24 studies met inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed with existing reporting criteria.

Results
Four of the five Common-Sense Model representations were included across the review studies, namely Identity, Cause, Consequences, and Control. Consequences and Control-related stress beliefs are associated with stress-based health and behavioral outcomes. One study explored Identity-related stress beliefs with health outcomes, reporting no relationship. No study assessed the relationship between Cause-related stress beliefs and behaviors or health outcomes. No study has explored any aspect of Timeline-related stress beliefs. Study quality ranged from very low to very high.

Conclusions
There is limited evidence exploring stress-related beliefs and behaviors and health outcomes. According to the Common-Sense Model, the Timeline representations remains to be investigated in the stress context, and Identity and Cause are under-researched. This review highlights future directions for stress beliefs research.
Double-Hit and Triple-Hit Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Ziemba Jessica B , Wolf Zena , Weinstock Matthew , Asakrah Saja 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo better characterize the clinicopathologic presentation and outcomes of follicular lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (double-hit and triple-hit follicular lymphoma), we present three cases from our institution and perform a literature review of 37 published cases.MethodsCases were identified using institutional SoftPath software and the MEDLINE database via the PubMed search engine. Clinical and pathologic data were collected with subsequent stratification by histologic grade and treatment for comparison.ResultsSimilar to classic follicular lymphoma, patients presented most often with low-grade (1-2) but high-stage (III-IV) disease with absence of B symptoms; however, overall survival was worse than that of traditional follicular lymphoma. In a small sample size, etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (EPOCH-R) achieved better outcomes than a regimen of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). Specific pathologic features that might prompt testing for MYC rearrangement include elevated proliferation index out of proportion to cytology and aggressive features such as angioinvasion.ConclusionsDouble-hit and triple-hit follicular lymphoma may be better classified as a distinct entity from classical follicular lymphoma with a worse prognosis. Aggressive therapy with a treatment regimen used for high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements might be beneficial, but more evidence is needed to justify aggressive treatment as standard of care.
Tau immunophenotypes in chronic traumatic encephalopathy recapitulate those of ageing and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Arena John D , Smith Douglas H , Lee Edward B , Gibbons Garrett S , Irwin David J , Robinson John L , Lee Virginia M -Y , Trojanowski John Q , Stewart William , Johnson Victoria E 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease, including chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Preliminary consensus criteria define the pathognomonic lesion of CTE as patchy tau pathology within neurons and astrocytes at the depths of cortical sulci. However, the specific tau isoform composition and post-translational modifications in CTE remain largely unexplored. Using immunohistochemistry, we performed tau phenotyping of CTE neuropathologies and compared this to a range of tau pathologies, including Alzheimer’s disease, primary age-related tauopathy, ageing-related tau astrogliopathy and multiple subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau inclusions. Cases satisfying preliminary consensus diagnostic criteria for CTE neuropathological change (CTE-NC) were identified (athletes, n = 10; long-term survivors of moderate or severe TBI, n = 4) from the Glasgow TBI Archive and Penn Neurodegenerative Disease Brain Bank. In addition, material from a range of autopsy-proven ageing-associated and primary tauopathies in which there was no known history of exposure to TBI was selected as non-injured controls (n = 32). Each case was then stained with a panel of tau antibodies specific for phospho-epitopes (PHF1, CP13, AT100, pS262), microtubule-binding repeat domains (3R, 4R), truncation (Tau-C3) or conformation (GT-7, GT-38) and the extent and distribution of staining assessed. Cell types were confirmed with double immunofluorescent labelling. Results demonstrate that astroglial tau pathology in CTE is composed of 4R-immunoreactive thorn-shaped astrocytes, echoing the morphology and immunophenotype of astrocytes encountered in ageing-related tau astrogliopathy. In contrast, neurofibrillary tangles of CTE contain both 3R and 4R tau, with post-translational modifications and conformations consistent with Alzheimer’s disease and primary age-related tauopathy. Our observations establish that the astroglial and neurofibrillary tau pathologies of CTE are phenotypically distinct from each other and recapitulate the tau immunophenotypes encountered in ageing and Alzheimer’s disease. As such, the immunohistochemical distinction of CTE neuropathology from other mixed 3R/4R tauopathies of Alzheimer’s disease and ageing may rest solely on the pattern and distribution of pathology.
Maternal and Infant Outcomes Among Pregnant Women Treated for Multidrug/Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa
Authors: Loveday Marian , Hughes Jennifer , Sunkari Babu , Master Iqbal , Hlangu Sindisiwe , Reddy Tarylee , Chotoo Sunitha , Green Nathan , Seddon James A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Data on safety and efficacy of second-line tuberculosis drugs in pregnant women and their infants are severely limited due to exclusion from clinical trials and expanded access programs.

Methods
Pregnant women starting treatment for multidrug/rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR)-tuberculosis at King Dinuzulu Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017, were included. We conducted a record review to describe maternal treatment and pregnancy outcomes, and a clinical assessment to describe infant outcomes.

Results
Of 108 pregnant women treated for MDR/RR-tuberculosis, 88 (81%) were living with human immunodeficiency virus.. Favorable MDR/RR-tuberculosis treatment outcomes were reported in 72 (67%) women. Ninety-nine (91%) of the 109 babies were born alive, but overall, 52 (48%) women had unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Fifty-eight (54%) women received bedaquiline, and 49 (45%) babies were exposed to bedaquiline in utero. Low birth weight was reported in more babies exposed to bedaquiline compared to babies not exposed (45% vs 26%; P = .034). In multivariate analyses, bedaquiline and levofloxacin, drugs often used in combination, were both independently associated with increased risk of low birth weight. Of the 86 children evaluated at 12 months, 72 (84%) had favorable outcomes; 88% of babies exposed to bedaquiline were thriving and developing normally compared to 82% of the babies not exposed.

Conclusions
MDR/RR-tuberculosis treatment outcomes among pregnant women were comparable to nonpregnant women. Although more babies exposed to bedaquiline were of low birth weight, over 80% had gained weight and were developing normally at 1 year.
Computed Tomographic Imaging of 3 Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia With Negative Virus Real-time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Test
Authors: Xu Junqing , Wu Ruodai , Huang Hua , Zheng Weidong , Ren Xinling , Wu Nashan , Ji Bin , Lv Yungang , Liu Yumeng , Mi Rui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We reported computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings of 3 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with initially negative results before CT examination and finally confirmed positive for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay.
Environmental conditions and call-broadcast influence detection of eastern forest owls during standardized surveys
Authors: Lima Kyle A , Call Erynn M , Hodgman Thomas P , Potter David S , Gallo Susan , Blomberg Erik J 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOwls play crucial roles in the environment and provide ecosystem services making them important to monitor and study. However, standardized methods for most species do not exist, and we lack understanding of the effects of many environmental variables and call-broadcast on detection of owls during surveys. We performed a multispecies occupancy analysis of owl monitoring data collected from 2004 to 2013 across the state of Maine to examine the effects of environmental variables, conspecific and heterospecific call-broadcast, and general survey protocols on detection of 3 forest owls: Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus), Barred Owl (Strix varia), and Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus). We found that environmental variables such as cloud cover, precipitation, temperature, time of night, and wind had species-specific effects on detection probability, and ambient noise decreased detection probability for all species. Snow cover did not affect detection of any species. We also found that conspecific call-broadcast increased detection of each species, while heterospecific call-broadcast had variable effects. Specifically, we found that Long-eared and Barred owl broadcast increased the detection of Northern Saw-whet Owl, and our results suggest additional heterospecific effects may exist. Our study showed that, compared to the protocol of the Maine Owl Monitoring Program, surveys simultaneously examining all 3 of our focal species can increase efficiency and lower disturbance by only broadcasting Long-eared and Barred owl calls during a 10-min survey. We recommend that future owl surveys take into account species-specific effects of conspecific and heterospecific call-broadcast, and use our results when designing survey protocols that include one or more of our focal species.
Metabonomics and the Gut Microbiome Associated With Primary Response to Anti-TNF Therapy in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Ding N S , McDonald J A K , Perdones-Montero A , Rees Douglas N , Adegbola S O , Misra R , Hendy P , Penez L , Marchesi J R , Holmes E , Sarafian M H , Hart A L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] therapy is indicated for treatment of moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], but has a primary non-response rate of around 30%. We aim to use metabonomic and metataxonomic profiling to identify predictive biomarkers of anti-TNF response in Crohn’s disease.

Methods
Patients with luminal Crohn’s disease, commencing anti-TNF therapy, were recruited with urine, faeces, and serum samples being collected at baseline and 3-monthly. Primary response was defined according to a combination of clinical and objective markers of inflammation. Samples were measured using three UPLC-MS assays: lipid, bile acid, and Hydrophillic Interaction Liquid Chromatography [HILIC] profiling with 16S rRNA gene sequencing of faeces.

Results
Samples were collected from 76 Crohn’s disease patients who were anti-TNF naïve and from 13 healthy controls. There were 11 responders, 37 non-responders, and 28 partial responders in anti-TNF-treated Crohn’s patients. Histidine and cysteine were identified as biomarkers of response from polar metabolite profiling [HILIC] of serum and urine. Lipid profiling of serum and faeces found phosphocholines, ceramides, sphingomyelins, and triglycerides, and bile acid profiling identified primary bile acids to be associated with non-response to anti-TNF therapy, with higher levels of phase 2 conjugates in non-responders. Receiver operating curves for treatment response demonstrated 0.94 +/ -0.10 [faecal lipid], 0.81 +/- 0.17 [faecal bile acid], and 0.74 +/- 0.15 [serum bile acid] predictive ability for anti-TNF response in Crohn’s disease.

Conclusions
This prospective, longitudinal cohort study of metabonomic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis demonstrates that a range of metabolic biomarkers involving lipid, bile acid, and amino acid pathways may contribute to prediction of response to anti-TNF therapy in Crohn’s disease.

Podcast
This article has an associated podcast which can be accessed at https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/pages/podcast
The 2019 Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence in Eastern California: rupture on a conjugate fault structure revealed by GPS and InSAR measurements
Authors: Li Shuiping , Chen Gang , Tao Tingye , He Ping , Ding Kaihua , Zou Rong , Li Jingwei , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYOn 4 and 6 July 2019, an Mw 6.4 foreshock and an Mw 7.1 main shock successively struck the city of Ridgecrest in eastern California. These two events are the most significant earthquake sequences to strike in this part of California for the past 20 yr. We used both continuous global positioning system (GPS) measurements and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) images taken by the Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 satellites in four different viewing geometries to fully map the coseismic surface displacements associated with these two earthquakes. Using these GPS and InSAR measurements both separately and jointly, we inverted data to find the coseismic slip distributions and fault dips caused by the two earthquakes. The GPS-constrained slip models indicate that the Mw 7.1 main shock was predominately controlled by right-lateral motions on a series of northwest-trending faults, while the Mw 6.4 foreshock involved both right-lateral slipping on a northwest-trending fault and left-lateral slipping on a northeast-trending fault. The two earthquakes both generate significant surface slip, with the maximum inferred slip of 5.54 m at the surface. We estimate the cumulative geodetic moment of the two earthquakes to have been 4.93 × 1019 Nm, equivalent to Mw 7.1. Furthermore, our calculations of the changes in static Coulomb stress suggest that the Mw 7.1 main shock was promoted significantly by the Mw 6.4 foreshock. This latest Ridgecrest earthquake sequence ruptured only the northern part of the seismic gap between the 1992 Mw 7.3 Landers earthquake and the 1872 M 7.4–7.9 Owens Valley earthquake. The earthquake risk in this area, therefore, remains very high, considering the significant accumulation of strain in the Eastern California Shear Zone, especially in the southern part of the seismic gap.
Understanding the role of antibody glycosylation through the lens of severe viral and bacterial diseases
Authors: Irvine Edward B , Alter Galit 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAbundant evidence points to a critical role for antibodies in protection and pathology across infectious diseases. While the antibody variable domain facilitates antibody binding and the blockade of infection, the constant domain (Fc) mediates cross talk with the innate immune system. The biological activity of the Fc region is controlled genetically via class switch recombination, resulting in the selection of distinct antibody isotypes and subclasses. However, a second modification is made to all antibodies, via post-translational changes in antibody glycosylation. Studies from autoimmunity and oncology have established the role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc glycosylation as a key regulator of humoral immune activity. However, a growing body of literature, exploring IgG Fc glycosylation through the lens of infectious diseases, points to the role of inflammation in shaping Fc-glycan profiles, the remarkable immune plasticity in antibody glycosylation across pathogen-exposed populations, the canonical and noncanonical functions of glycans and the existence of antigen-specific control over antibody Fc glycosylation. Ultimately, this work provides critical new insights into the functional roles for antibody glycosylation as well as lays the foundation for leveraging antibody glycosylation to drive prevention or control across diseases.