bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
D-dimer as a thrombus biomarker for predicting 2-year mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Zhao Xueyan , Li Jianxin , Tang Xiaofang , Jiang Lin , Chen Jue , Qiao Shubin , Yang Yuejin , Gao Runlin , Xu Bo , Yuan Jinqing 
Published: March 2020

Background: D-dimer has predictive value for mortality in some diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between D-dimer and mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We examined 10,724 consecutive patients who underwent PCI between January 2013 and December 2013. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was cardiac mortality. Patients were divided according to the median D-dimer level of 0.28 μg/ml. Multivariable model were including age, sex, and risk factors after stepwise selection. Results: After a 2-year follow up, 8565 patients with D-dimer data were analyzed. There were 116 (1.35%) all-cause deaths and 64 (0.75%) cardiac deaths. D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the all-cause mortality group [0.42 (0.29, 0.68) μg/ml] and cardiac mortality group [0.48 (0.30, 0.81) μg/ml] than in the survival group [0.28 (0.20, 0.41) μg/ml] (both p < 0.001). Multivariate-adjusted Cox hazard analysis showed that high D-dimer levels (⩾0.28 μg/ml) were significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the total population [hazard ratio (HR): 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44–3.84, p = 0.001], acute coronary syndrome (ACS) subgroup (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.08–3.38, p = 0.027), and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) subgroup (HR: 3.82, 95% CI: 1.45–10.10, p = 0.007). High D-dimer levels were significantly associated with cardiac mortality in the total population (HR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.61–7.36, p = 0.001) and the ACS subgroup (HR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.38–8.03, p = 0.007), but not in the SCAD subgroup (HR: 3.68, 95% CI: 0.80–16.91, p = 0.094). Conclusions: D-dimer levels are independently associated with 2-year all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality in patients undergoing PCI.
Does Care at a Trauma Center Affect Geriatric Hip Fracture Patients?
Authors: Pasternack Jordan B. , Ciminero Matthew L. , Silver Michael , Chang Joseph , Gupta Piyush , Kang Kevin K. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: With respect to care setting, there are mixed results in the literature with respect to the role of trauma centers in management of isolated geriatric hip fractures. During a transition from a Level 3 to a Level 1 trauma center, significant protocol changes were implemented that sought to standardize and improve the care of hip fracture patients. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of this transition on the management, efficiency, morbidity, mortality, and discharge of geriatric hip fracture patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review of geriatric hip fractures treated operatively was conducted. Two cohorts were compared: hip fractures in the year prior to (2015) and year following (2017) Level 1 Trauma designation. Primary outcome measures were length of stay (LOS), transfusion rate, complication rate, and mortality rate. Secondary outcome measures were time from emergency department (ED) arrival to medical optimization, time from medical optimization to surgery, time from ED arrival to surgery, and discharge destination. Results: There were no differences in LOS, transfusion rate, or complication rate between the two cohorts. There was a nonsignificant trend toward lower in-hospital mortality after the transition (2.24% vs 0.83%). There were no differences in time from ED arrival to medical optimization, time from medical optimization to surgery, time from ED arrival to surgery, and percentage of patients discharged home between the cohorts. Discussion: Management of operative geriatric hip fractures at our institution has remained consistent following transition to a Level 1 trauma center. There was a trend toward lower mortality after transition, but this difference was not statistically significant. We attribute the variety of findings in the literature with respect to trauma center management of hip fractures to individualized institutional trauma protocols as well as the diverse patient populations these centers serve.
A Causative Approach to Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Parental Ratings of Child Oral Health
Authors: Foley M.A. , Spencer A.J. , Lalloo R. , Do L.G. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Many studies have investigated associations between demographic, socioeconomic status (SES), behavioral, and clinical factors and parental ratings of child oral health. Caries experience, pain, missing teeth, malocclusions, and conditions and treatments likely to negatively affect the child or family in the future have been consistently associated with poorer parental ratings. In contrast, effect sizes for associations between demographic and SES indicators (race/ethnicity, country of birth, family structure, household income, employment status, and parental education levels) and parental ratings vary greatly. Objectives: The primary objectives of this study were to estimate effect sizes for associations between demographic and SES variables and parental ratings of child oral health and then to consider possible causal implications. Methods: This article uses a nationally representative data set from 24,664 Australian children aged 5 to 14 y, regression analyses guided by a directed acyclic graph causal model, and sensitivity analyses to investigate effects of demographic and SES factors on parental ratings of oral health. Results: One in 8 children had oral health rated as fair or poor by a parent. Indigenous children, older boys, young children with a migrant parent, children from single-parent families, low-income households and families where no parent worked full-time, and children whose parents had lower education levels were much more likely to receive a fair or poor parental oral health rating in crude and adjusted models. Conclusion: This cross-sectional study helps to clarify inconsistent findings from previous research and shows many demographic and SES variables to be strong determinants of parental ratings of child oral health, consistent with the effects of these variables on other health outcomes. Sensitivity analyses and consideration of the potential for chance and bias to have affected these findings suggest that many of these associations may be causal. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Based on regression analyses driven by a directed acyclic graph causal model, this research shows a strong impact of demographic and socioeconomic determinants on parental ratings of child oral health, consistent with associations between these variables and other oral and general health outcomes. Many of these associations may be causal. We demonstrate the value of causal models and causal thinking when analyzing complex multilevel observational data.
Factors associated with abnormal cerebral blood flow in Egyptian children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Abd-Allah Foad , Eltagui Mona , Aboulfotooh Alshaimaa Mahmoud , Kishk Nirmeen Adel , Farrag Mohammad Ahmed , Mohammed Sandra Ahmed , Shamloul Reham Mohammed , El-Jaafary Shaimaa , Said Fadwa , Ibrahim Ahmed , Elghamrawy Mona 
Published: March 2020

Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a well-established tool for cerebrovascular assessment. Estimating the flow velocity across the intracranial arteries helps to identify children with sickle cell anaemia who are at risk for stroke. Objective: Our aim is to correlate TCD findings with clinical condition in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) to determine the value of TCD assessment as a predictive tool for stroke in SCD and to identify any association of TCD findings with disease severity, transfusion therapy and treatment administered. Methods: Eighty-five paediatric SCD patients aged from 3 years to 18 years of both genders who were followed up at the Hematology Clinic of New Children’s Hospital at Cairo University were included in this cross-sectional observational study. All our participants underwent routine laboratory investigations and TCD assessments. Results: Oof the 85 patients, two patients (2.3%) died before completing the TCD study and eventually 83 patients were included in the analysis. Seventeen (20.5%) patients had abnormal TCD findings, seven (8.4%) patients showed high-risk findings and 10 (12.1%) patients had conditional flow pattern. Logistic linear regression analysis confirmed that annual frequency of blood transfusion and hydroxyurea (HU) dose were associated with a decreased risk of abnormal TCD findings. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that our TCD data reproduce the findings of other studies and that it is very likely the results from large trials are applicable for Egyptian children. The annual frequency of blood transfusion and HU dose were associated with a decreased frequency of abnormal TCD findings.
Origin and characterisation of the extractable colour of oak heartwood used for ageing spirits
Authors: Vivas Nicolas , Bourden-Nonier Marie-Françoise , de Gaulejac Nathalie Vivas , Mouche Claire , Rossy Cybille 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, investigation is focused on the soluble part of oak heartwood colour, with the objective of defining its impact on the colour of spirits after a barrel ageing. Colour is an important parameter for estimating the quality of many beverages and food items. Acetone with 30% water permitted a fast and complete extraction of the soluble colouring matter of heartwood. Water is necessary to improve the extraction of wood fibres by hydration. In heartwood, the repartition of colour is heterogeneous. The outer heartwood, which is new wood, presents a lower soluble colour than the inner heartwood, which is older. This difference is due to the polymerisation by oxidation of the ellagitannins during the natural process of wood ageing and the copolymerisation of cell-wall polymers as polysaccharides.
Determination of high-temperature and low-humidity treatment time for larch boxed-heart timber
Authors: Kang Chun-Won , Li Chengyuan , Sun Yao-Xing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe larch boxed-heart timbers with a cross section of 100 × 100 mm were dried after steamed at 100 °C dry-bulb temperature and 0 °C wet-bulb depression for 5 h, and then dried at 120 °C dry-bulb temperature and 30 °C wet-bulb depression for 8, 12 and 16 h, respectively, in order to determine optimal treatment time for the timber. This study indicated that the pretreatment of 12 and 16 h prevented both the surface and internal check of the timber. However, the pretreatment delayed drying time by at least 19%.
Application of normalisation process theory in understanding implementation processes in primary care settings in the UK: a systematic review
Authors: Huddlestone Lisa , Turner Jessica , Eborall Helen , Hudson Nicky , Davies Melanie , Martin Graham 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) provides a framework to understand how interventions are implemented, embedded, and integrated in healthcare settings. Previous reviews of published literature have examined the application of NPT across international healthcare and reports its benefits. However, given the distinctive clinical function, organisational arrangements and the increasing management of people with a wide variety of conditions in primary care settings in the United Kingdom, it is important to understand how and why authors utilise and reflect on NPT in such settings to inform and evaluate implementation processes.

Methods
A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature using NPT in primary care settings in the United Kingdom (UK) was conducted. Eight electronic databases were searched using replicable methods to identify articles published between January 2012 and April 2018. Data were analysed using a framework approach.

Results
Thirty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. Researchers utilised NPT to explore the implementation of interventions, targeting a wide range of health services and conditions, within primary care settings in the UK. NPT was mostly applied qualitatively; however, a small number of researchers have moved towards mixed and quantitative methods. Some variation was observed in the use of NPT constructs and sub-constructs, and whether and how researchers undertook modification to make them more relevant to the implementation process and multiple stakeholder perspectives.

Conclusion
NPT provides a flexible framework for the development and evaluation of complex healthcare interventions in UK primary care settings. This review updates the literature on NPT use and indicates that its application is well suited to these environments, particularly in supporting patients with long-term conditions and co-morbidities. We recommend future research explores the receipt of interventions by multiple stakeholders and suggest that authors reflect on justifications for using NPT in their reporting.
Laparoscopic orchiopexy of palpable undescended testes_ experience of a single tertiary institution with over 773 cases
Authors: You Jia , Li Gang , Chen Haitao , Wang Jun , Li Shuang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Discuss the superiority of laparoscopic orchiopexy in the treatment of inguinal palpable undescended testes.

Methods
Inclusion criteria: Preoperative examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination confirmed that the testes were located in the inguinal canal and could not be pulled into the scrotum, except for retractive and ectopic testes. The surgical steps were depicted as follow. The retroperitoneal wall was carved by ultrasonic scalpels, separates the spermatic vessels closed to the inferior pole of the kidney if necessary, dissects the peritoneum of vas deferens, cuts the testicular gubernaculum, and pulls back the testicle into the abdominal cavity. Besides, protect the vas deferens, and descend the testes to the scrotum and fix them without tension.

Results
There were 773 patients with 869 inguinal undescended palpable testes, 218 cases on the left side, 459 cases on the right side and 96 cases with bilateral undescended testes, whose age ranged from 6 months to 8 years, with an average of 20 months. All testes were successfully operated, no converted to open surgery. The average operation time was (34.8 ± 5.4) min. There were 692 testes have an ipsilateral patent processus vaginalis (89.5%); In 677 cases of unilateral cryptorchidism, 233 cases (34.4%) have a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure the hernia sac carry out during the surgery. There was no subcutaneous emphysema during the operation, no vomiting, no abdominal distension, no wound bleeding and obvious pain after surgery, especially wound infection is rarely. Doppler ultrasound was evaluated regularly after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months. All the testes were located in the scrotum without testicular retraction and atrophy. No inguinal hernia or hydrocele was found in follow-up examination.

Conclusion
Laparoscopic orchiopexy manage inguinal palpable cryptorchidism is safe and effective, and there are obvious minimally invasive advantages. Furthermore, It could discover a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and treat at the same time, which avoid the occurrence of metachronous inguinal hernia.
Could remnant-like particle cholesterol become a risk factor in diabetic menopausal women with coronary artery disease? A cross-sectional study of single academic center in China
Authors: Feng Xunxun , Guo Qianyun , Zhou Shu , Sun Tienan , Liu Yuyang , Zhou Zhiming , Zhou Yujie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background and aims
It has been confirmed that remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) mediates the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Currently there is limited information on RLP-C in menopausal women. With the special status of diabetes mellitus (DM) combined with the special body changes of the menopausal women, the RLP-C is particularly important when studying the changes that occurred in response to CAD and its associated risk factors. This study discussed whether RLP-C could be an independent risk factor for menopausal women with CAD and DM.

Methods
The cohort consisted of 4753 menopausal women who had undergone coronary angiography. Subjects were separated into CAD and non-CAD groups, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of CAD risk factors were performed. All patients with a history of DM were divided into DM subgroups. Then, the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the risk factors of CAD and the comparison among age groups in the DM subgroup were performed. After age stratification of the DM group, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the differences of various lipid indexes among age groups.

Results
The multivariate logistic regression showed that RLP-C was an independent risk factor for CAD in menopausal women (OR 1.232, 95%CI 1.070–1.419). In the DM subgroup, it was also found that RLP-C was an independent risk factor for CAD (OR 1.366, 95%CI 1.043–1.791). Kruskal-Wallis test analysis found that RLP-C had no significant difference among three groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
RLP-C was proved to be an independent risk factor for menopausal women with CAD and DM.
The fatty acid profile of adipose tissue as a predictor of the ponderal and inflammatory response in adult women six years after bariatric surgery
Authors: Almeida Crislaine das Graças de , Viana Elaine Cristina , Moreira Ana Vládia Bandeira , Miguel Gustavo Peixoto Soares , Pedra Fernanda Semião Garcia , Oliveira Fabiana Eleotério , Quimquim Tayla Neves , Bissoli Nazaré Souza , Alves Raquel Duarte Moreira , Bressan Josefina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Adipose tissue is involved in several metabolic changes. This study investigated the association between the fatty acid (FA) composition of subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue pre-surgery and the postsurgical response regarding the evolution of weight and concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adult women who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n = 14) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG, n = 19) at one (T1), three (T3) and six (T6) years after surgery.

Methods
Blood samples were collected to obtain plasma for the measurement of IL-6 and TNF. Anthropometric measurements were performed, collecting samples of VAT and SAT during surgery to assess the FA profiles.

Results
Weight loss had a positive correlation with the percentage of VAT-C17:0 (T1, T3) and SAT-C18:2 (T1, T3, T6), and it had a negative correlation with SAT-C22:0 (T1, T3) and VAT-C22:0 (T3). Regarding the inflammatory response, SAT-C14:0 (T6), VAT-C14:0 (T6), SAT-C14:1 (baseline), SAT-C15:0 (T6), SAT-C16:1 (T6), VAT-C16:1 (baseline), SAT-C17:1 (T6), VAT-C17:1 (baseline), VAT-C18:1 (T6), and VAT-C20:1 (T6) exhibited positive correlations with the concentration of IL-6, which were different from the correlations of IL-6 concentrations with SAT-C18:2, VAT-C18:2 (T6), and VAT-C18:3 (T6). The FA SAT-C18:0 (T1) was negatively correlated with TNF concentrations.

Conclusions
Saturated FAs were predominantly proinflammatory, primarily in the late postoperative period. Alternately, the polyunsaturated FAs exhibited anti-inflammatory potential and predicted weight loss. Thus, the FA profile of the adipose tissue of obese adult women may be a predictor of the ponderal and inflammatory response 6 years after bariatric surgery.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the ethics committee of Federal University of Viçosa; Registration n. 17287913.2.0000.5153; Date: 07/05/2013.
Phytochemical analysis and Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Maytenus royleanus leaves extract against anti-tuberculosis drug induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Shabbir Maria , Afsar Tayyaba , Razak Suhail , Almajwal Ali , Khan Muhammad Rashid 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Myrin®-p Forte is an anti-tuberclosis agent that can cause hepatic injuries in clinical settings. Maytenus royleanus (Celastraceae) is a medicinal plant, possesses antioxidant and anticancer activities. The hepatoprotective effect of the methanol extract of Maytenus royleanus leaves (MEM) against Myrin®-p Forte induced hepatotoxicity in mice was investigated.

Methods
Mice were randomly parted into six groups (n = 6). Fixed-dose combination of Myrin®-p Forte (13.5 mg/kg Rifampicin, 6.75 mg/kg Isoniazid, 36.0 mg/kg Pyrazinamide and 24.8 mg/kg Ethambutol; RIPE] was administered for 15 days to induce liver injury. In treatment groups MEM (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses) and Vitamin B6 (180mg/kg) were administered prior to RIPE. Control group received 2% DMSO. Serum liver function tests, DNA damage, tissue antioxidant enzymes and histopathological alterations were studied. HPLC analysis was performed to determine the chemical composition using standard compounds.

Results
The quercitin, gallic acid, luteolin, viteixin, apigenin, kaempherol, hyperoside and myricetin contents of all samples were determined by reverse-phase HPLC. Quercetin (0.217 mg/g dry weight) and luteolin (0.141 mg/g dry weight) were the major flavonoids identified in MEM. Myrin®-p Forte markedly (p < 0.05) deteriorated lipid profile and upregulated the concentration of LDH, AST, ALP, ALT and γ-GT in serum along with DNA fragmentation (37.13 ± 0.47%) and histopathological injuries in hepatic tissues of mice compared with the control group. Myrin®-p Forte increased (p < 0.001) lipid peroxidation and H2O2 while decreased (p < 0.001) the activity level of CAT, SOD, POD, GPx, GST, GSR, γ-GT and GSH. Co-administration of MEM (200 mg/kg; 400 mg/kg) or the vitamin B6 (180 mg/kg) to Myrin®-p Forte administered mice significantly ameliorated LDL, cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride content. Furthermore, MEM dose dependently corrected serum liver function tests, decrease % DNA fragmentation (17.82 ± 0.35 and 7.21 ± 0.32 respectively), DNA damage. MEM treated protect RIPE induced oxidative damage by enhancing antioxidants to oxidants balance. Histological examination comprehends biochemical findings.

Conclusion
The antioxidant effects of MEM exerted the hepatoprotective potential against the Myrin®-p Forte induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
Antinociceptive effect of intrathecal injection of miR-9-5p modified mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on a mouse model of bone cancer pain
Authors: Zhu Chao , Wang Kun , Chen Zhi , Han Yingchao , Chen Hao , Li Quan , Liu Zude , Qian Lie , Tang Jun , Shen Hongxing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
A growing body of studies have indicated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have powerful analgesic effects in animal models of bone cancer pain. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying how BMSCs alleviate pain sensation in a mouse model of bone cancer pain.

Methods
C3H/HeN adult male mice were used to generate a bone cancer pain model. BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow, modified by transfection with microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p), and infused into the spinal cord. Spontaneous flinches, paw withdrawal latency, limb-use score, and weight-bearing score were used to assess pain-related behaviors. ELISA, RT-PCR, western blot, and luciferase assay were used to assess gene expressions.

Results
Our results show that miR-9-5p regulated the expression of both repressor element silencing transcription factor (REST) and μ-opioid receptors (MOR) by targeting REST in primary mouse BMSCs. Overexpression of miR-9-5p reversed the activation of inflammatory pathway in TNF-α- and IL-6-treated BMSCs. In addition, miR-9-5p modified BMSCs alleviated cancer pain in the sarcoma-inoculated mouse model. MiR-9-5p modified BMSCs suppressed cytokine expression in the spinal cord of sarcoma-inoculated mice by suppressing REST gene expression.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that miR-9-5p modified BMSCs can relieve bone cancer pain via modulating neuroinflammation in the central nervous system, suggesting genetically modified BMSCs could be a promising cell therapy in pain management.