bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Hypoalbuminemia is a Risk Factor for Wound Complications Following Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: He Zhongyuan , Zhou Kai , Tang Ke , Quan Zhengxue , Liu Shaoyu , Su Bao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Although serum albumin levels are increasingly used as an indicator of nutritional status in the clinic, the relationship between perioperative hypoalbuminemia and wound complications after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease remains ambiguous. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative serum albumin in relation to postoperative wound complications after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative disease. Material and methods: We reviewed patients who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery from December 2014 to April 2017 in the Department of Orthopedics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Perioperative (preoperative and early postoperative) serum albumin levels were assessed in all patients and were used to quantify nutritional status. We divided the patients into a surgical wound dehiscence (SWD) group and a normal wound healing group, and into a surgical site infection (SSI) group and a non-SSI group. To evaluate the relationship between perioperative serum albumin level and postoperative wound complications, we conducted univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses.Results: A total of 554 patients were enrolled in the study. The univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis of these differences showed that preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dl (P =0.001) and postoperative serum albumin <3.0 g/dl (P =0.001) were significantly correlated to SWD. There were also significant differences between the SSI groups in terms of preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dl (P=0.001), Chronic steroid use (P=0.003). Additionally, the increased hospitalization costs (P<0.001) and length of hospitalization (P<0.001) were statistically significant for patients with perioperative hypoalbuminemia. Conclusions: For patients who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery, we need to pay more attention to perioperative hypoalbuminemia and chronic steroid use,which are more likely to be associated with increased wound complications, hospitalization costs and length of hospitalization after surgery. Adequate assessment and management of these risk factors will help reduce wound complications and hospital stays for surgical patients and will save medical costs.
Prediction and Evolution of B Cell Epitopes of Surface Protein in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Lon Jerome Rumdon , Bai Yunmeng , Zhong Bingxu , Cai Fuqiang , Du Hongli 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background In order to obtain antibodies that recognize natural proteins, it is possible to predict the antigenic determinants of natural proteins, which are eventually embodied as polypeptides. The polypeptides can be coupled with corresponding vectors to stimulate the immune system to produce corresponding antibodies, which is also a simple and effective vaccine development method. The discovery of epitopes is helpful to the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Methods The analyses were related to epitopes on 3 proteins, including spike(S), envelope(E) and membrane(M) proteins, which were associated with the lipid envelope of the SARS-CoV-2. Based on the NCBI Reference Sequence: NC_045512.2, the conformational and linear B cell epitopes of the surface protein were predicted separately by various prediction methods. Furthermore, the conservation of the epitopes, the adaptability and other evolutionary characteristics were also analyzed, the sequences of the whole genome of SARS-CoV-2 were obtained from the GISAID. Results 7 epitopes were predicted, including 6 linear epitopes and 1 conformational epitope. One of the linear and one of the conformational consist of identical sequence, but represent different forms of epitopes. It is worth mentioning that all of the 6 dominated epitopes were conservative in nearly 3500 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, and they showed a phenomenon which is helpful to obtain stable and long-acting epitopes under the condition of high frequency of amino acid mutation, and deserved further study at the experiment level. Conclusion The findings would facilitate the vaccine development, had the potential to be directly applied on the prevention in this disease, but also have the potential to prevent the possible threats caused by other types of coronavirus.
Low Complexity Channel Estimation Algorithm Using Paired Spatial Signatures for UAV 3D MIMO Systems
Authors: Xie Peizhong , Wan Yingqing , Li Ting , Ju Renjie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a low complexity channel estimation algorithm for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) three dimension multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (3D MIMO) systems with the uniform planar array (UPA) at base station (BS) using paired spatial signatures. With the aid of antenna array theory and array signal processing, 3D channel is firstly modeled based on the angles between the direction of arrival (DOA) along x- and y-axis of the UPA. And 3D MIMO channels can be projected onto the x- and y-directions, respectively. Then, channel estimation for multi-user uplinks using small amount of training resources is divided into two phases. At the first uplink preamble phase, each user is assigned the orthogonal pilot, and the paired spatial signatures and optimal rotation angle of each user through the same pilot sequence are obtained. We also propose a user grouping strategy based on three-dimension angle-division multiple access (3D-ADMA) to ensure that the user's spatial signatures do not overlap. At the second phase during several coherence times, the same pilot sequence within a group and orthogonal pilot sequences between groups are assigned, then, the channel state information of the user's x- and y-directions are recovered by the paired space signatures and optimal rotation angle of each user obtained in the preamble phase, respectively. And dynamically updating the user's paired spatial signatures and optimal rotation angle utilizes the obtained channel parameter of x- and y-directions. Finally, the channel parameter of the x- and y-directions are reconstructed by the updated user's space signatures and the optimal rotation angle, and the 3D MIMO channel estimation is obtained through the Kronecker product. Compared with the conventional channel estimation method of the 3D MIMO system under UPA using a low-rank model, the proposed methods reduce the computational complexity without degrading the estimated performance to a large extent. Furthermore, it is carried out with limited training resources, and the pilot resource overhead of the system is greatly reduced by the 3D-ADMA packet and the two-stage pilot allocation. Simulation results verified that the proposed algorithm is effective and feasible.

Keywords 3D MIMO, 3D Channel Modeling, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Channel Estimation, Computational Complexity
Knockdown of hspg2 is associated with mandibular jaw joint fusion and neural crest cell dysfunction in zebrafish
Authors: Castellanos Barbara S. , Reyes-Nava Nayeli G , Quintana Anita 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) encodes for perlecan, a large proteoglycan that plays an important role in cartilage formation, cell adhesion, and basement membrane stability. Mutations in HSPG2 have been associated with Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome (SJS) and Dyssegmental Dysplasia Silverman-Handmaker Type (DDSH), two disorders characterized by skeletal abnormalities. These data indicate a function for HSPG2 in cartilage development/maintenance. However, the mechanisms by which HSPG2 regulates cartilage development are not completely understood. Here, we explored the relationship between this gene and craniofacial development through morpholino-mediated knockdown of hspg2 using zebrafish. Results: Knockdown of hspg2 resulted in abnormal development of the mandibular jaw joint at 5 days post fertilization (DPF). We surmised that defects in mandible development were a consequence of neural crest cell (NCC) dysfunction, as these multipotent progenitors produce the cartilage of the head. Early NCC development was normal in morphant animals as measured by distal-less homeobox 2a (dlx2a) and SRY-box transcription factor 10 (sox10) expression at 1 DPF. However, subsequent analysis at later stages of development (4 DPF) revealed a decrease in the number of Sox10 + and Collagen, type II, alpha 1a (Col2a1a)+ cells within the mandibular jaw joint region of morphants. Concurrently, morphants showed a decreased expression of NK3 homeobox 2 (nkx3.2), a jaw joint molecular marker at 4 DPF. Conclusions: Collectively, these data suggest a complex role for hspg2 in jaw joint formation and late stage NCC differentiation.
Performance of the Parasympathetic Tone activity (PTA) index to predict changes in mean arterial pressure in anaesthetized horses with different health conditions
Authors: Mansour Christelle , Mocci Rita , Santangelo Bruna , Chaaya Rana , Allaouchiche Bernard , Bonnet-Garin Jeanne-Marie , Boselli Emmanuel , Junot Stéphane A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) index is based on heart rate variability recently and has been developed in animals to assess their relative parasympathetic tone and their analgesia nociception balance. The present study aimed to evaluate the variation of PTA in anaesthetized horses according to haemodynamic status and health conditions and to determine the performance of dynamic variations of PTA (∆PTA) to predict mean arterial pressure (MAP) variations.Results: Thirty-nine client-horses admitted to the Veterinary Campus of Lyon were anaesthetized for elective or emergency surgery and divided into “Colic” and “Elective” groups. During anaesthesia, dobutamine was administered as treatment of hypotension (MAP < 60 mmHg). No significant variation of PTA and MAP were detected immediately before and after the time of cutaneous incision. PTA increased 5 min before each hypotension (+15% in Elective and +11.4% in Colic group), conversely, PTA decreased 1 min after the administration of dobutamine (-12.7% in Elective and -9% in Colic group). Horses of the Colic group had lower PTA values than those in Elective group, whereas MAP didn’t differ between groups. Globally, to predict a 10% increase in MAP, ΔPTA performance was associated with: AUC ROC [95% CI] = 0.77 [0.70 to 0.83] (p<0.0001), with a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 57.7% for a threshold value of −1%. Besides, to predict a 10% decrease in MAP, ΔPTA performance was associated with: AUC ROC [95% CI] =0.80 [0.73 to 0.85] (p<0.0001), with a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 94.6% for a threshold value of 25%.Conclusions: The PTA index in anaesthetized horses appears to be influenced by the haemodynamic status and the health condition. The shift toward lower PTA values in colic horses may potentially reflects a sympathetic tone predominance. Of clinical significance, a PTA increase of >25% in 1 min showed an acceptable performance to predict a MAP decrease of >10% within 5 min. Even though these results require further evaluation, this index may thus help to predict potential autonomic dysfunctions in sick animals.
Psychological Distress among Iranian Health-Care Providers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Qualitative Study
Authors: Alizadeh Azizeh , Khankeh Hamid Reza , Barati Mohammad , Ahmadi Yazdan , Hadian Arash , Azizi Maryam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Novel corona virus, named COVID-19, has spread rapidly to other countries like Italy, Iran and South Korea and affected all people, especially health-care providers. Therefore, due to the rapid spread of the disease in Iran, the aim of the present study was to explore psychological distress experienced by Iranian health-care providers in the first few weeks of the corona virus outbreak.Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted on 18 Iranian health-care providers exposed to COVID -19 using a content analysis method. Purposeful sampling was used to select the participants and continued until data saturation was reached. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and then the qualitative data were analyzed through direct content analysis.Results: By analyzing 236 primary codes, two main categories were extracted from the experiences of health-care providers during corona virus outbreak. The first category included Occupational demands with three sub-categories: nature of illness, Organizational demands and social demands. The second category was Supportive resources included personal support and social support.Conclusions: The results of this study found that there were some barriers and challenges to medical personnel exposed to COVID-19 that caused psychological distress. Some of these problems related to the nature of illness, others related to social and organizational demands and some of supportive resources buffer the relationship between occupational demands and psychological distress.
Young age increases the risk of lymph-node metastasis in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Tian Zijian , Meng Lingfeng , Wang Xin , Diao Tongxiang , Hu Maolin , Wang Miao , Liu Ming , Wang Jianye 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The risk of positive lymph nodes in patients with muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (MIBC) can be used to guide treatment recommendations. However, little is known about the effect of age on lymph node positivity (LN+). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of age on LN+ in MIBC. Methods: We analyzed patients with stage T2–T4 bladder urothelial carcinoma who had not received preoperative radiotherapy, had at least one lymph node examined, and underwent cystectomy between 1998 and 2015. The Cochran–Armitage trend test and logistic univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the effect of age on LN+ in all T stages.Results: In total, 15624 patients with MIBC were identified, including 747 patients aged ≤50 years (4.78%), 2614 patients aged 50–59 years (16.73%), 4914 patients aged 60–69 years (31.45%), 5225 patients aged 70–79 years old (33.44%), and 2124 patients aged >80 years (13.59%). In T2–T4 staging, LN+ was negatively correlated with age. After adjustment for several covariates, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age was an independent risk factor for LN+.Conclusions: In this large SEER analysis, Young patients with MIBC have a higher risk of lymph node metastasis. This finding is worthy of further study and may eventually affect the treatment decisions of young patients.
Uroguanylin-decorated Nanosystems Containing Etoposide, a Potential Targeted Combination Therapy for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bouzo Belén L. , Lores Sainza , Jatal Raneem , Alijas Sandra , Alonso María José , Conejos-Sánchez Inmaculada , Fuente María de la 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
Paraganglioma Not Only Secrete Catecholamines but Also Inflammatory Cytokines: A Case Report&nbsp;
Authors: Song Keke , Yang Tingting , Wang Qiang , Tan Jing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Paraganglioma not only can secrete catecholamines with vasoconstriction activity resulting in hypertension and metabolic disorders,but also cytokines which can induce inflammatory response syndrome.Case presentation: We report a 19-year-old girl with a paraganglioma that presented with fever and thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, and elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein. After paraganglioma’s resection, the little girl had no fever and the platelet, white blood cell and high sensitivity C-reactive protein recover to nomal level. Conclusion: We propose in the future we should check cytokine in patients with paroxysmal hypertension complicated with inflammatory response syndrome and thrombocytosis, and think of that it may be caused by pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma.
Improving Anti-trafficking Response in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh: Lessons Learned From a Qualitative Analysis of Stakeholder Interviews
Authors: Burns Courtney Julia , Chen Keiko , Stoklosa Hanni 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Human trafficking is a critical public health issue particularly pervasive in the Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, which share a border with Nepal. In advocating for human rights in this area, there is a need for research to identify problems hindering the efficacy of anti-trafficking programs, focusing on their success in assisting people from being re-trafficked. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Nepal. Results: Thematic analysis revealed that barriers hindering the anti-trafficking movement include police corruption, lack of enforcement of national law, discrimination toward trafficking victims, lack of funding, and lack of government involvement. Recommendations for overcoming these barriers were increasing cooperation, coordination, and communications between NGOs and the government, and empowering survivors. Conclusions: In mitigating these barriers and increasing survivor autonomy, anti-trafficking interventions have the opportunity to create individualized environments for those with an experience of trafficking to thrive. Ultimately, elevating community accountability, honoring individual autonomy, and recognizing the value of the persons with a lived experience of trafficking are critical as we continue to use a public health lens in the fight against human trafficking and for human rights.
The Demography and Aetiology of Strabismus Patients in a Tertiary Eye Centre in North China, 2014-2019
Authors: wan xiaomei , wan luqin , jiang mingming , ding yichao , wang yuan , Zhang Jing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo analyse the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of strabismus patients in north China. MethodsThe records of strabismus patients at Qingdao Eye Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The characteristics analysed included gender, regional distribution, constituent ratio of age and type of strabismus. Changes during the periods 2014–2016 and 2017–2019 were compared and analysed. ResultsA total of 5746 strabismus patients were recruited. The number of strabismus patients was relatively stable each year from 2014 to 2016 but gradually increased each year from 2017 to 2019. Of these, 51.7% (2868/5746) were male, and 48.3% (2778/5746) were female. The majority (89.8%, 5159/5746) of the patients were from Shandong Province. The statistical results of the constituent ratio of age showed that 32.4% (1860/5746) were 7–12 years old(primary school level). Patients under 12 years of age (preschool and primary school level) accounted for 60.0% (3447/5746) of all the patients. In terms of the types of strabismus, exotropia accounted for 63.5% (3650/5746), followed by esotropia and vertical rotational strabismus at 13.2% (758/5746) and 9.7% (555/5746), respectively. Intermittent exotropia was the most common type among the exotropia patients, accounting for 71.3% (2604/3650). Among the patients with intermittent exotropia, 62.5% (1627/2604) were children aged 4–12 years, and the basic type of intermittent exotropia was the main type. Four percent (231/5746) of the patients, of which adult patients comprised the main population, required reoperation.ConclusionPatients with strabismus at primary school level comprised the largest group of strabismus patients in north China. Exotropia was the most common type of strabismus, and intermittent exotropia was the most common type of exotropia. The rate of exotropia to esotropia was 5:1.
Increasing Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Improving Prognosis in China: A 30-year Retrospective Study From a Single Center
Authors: Lv Hong , Jin Meng , Zhang Huimin , Chen Xuanfu , Wu Meixu , Guo Mingyue , Zhou Runing , Wang Zheng , Qian Jiaming , Yang Hong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to characterize the trends of prognosis in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD) in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Methods: A 30-year retrospective cohort analysis was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Consecutive patients newly diagnosed with UC or CD from 1985 to 2014 were included. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Second outcomes included surgery and length of stay in hospital. Pearson correlation coefficient was performed to determine the relationship between time and prognosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality and surgery. Results: In total, 1467 patients were included in this study (898 cases with UC and 569 cases with CD). Annual admissions of UC and CD rose significantly over the last 30 years (UC, r=0.918, P<0.05; CD, r=0.898, P<0.05). Decreased in-hospital mortalities were observed in patients with UC and CD (UC, from 2.44% to 0.27%, r=-0.827, P<0.05; CD, from 12.50% to 0.00%, r=-0.978, P<0.05). A decreasing surgery rate was observed in patients with CD (r=-0.847, P<0.05) while an increasing surgery rate was observed in patients with UC (r=0.956, P<0.05). Shortened average lengths of stay in hospital were observed both in patients with UC and CD (UC, from 47.83±34.35 days to 23.58±20.05 days, r=-0.970, P<0.05; CD, from 65.50±50.57days to 26.41±18.43 days, r=-0.913, P<0.05). Toxic megacolon, sepsis shock were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with UC. Intestinal fistula, intestinal perforation were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with CD. Conclusions: In this cohort, the admissions of patients with UC and CD were increased with a significantly improved prognosis during past 30 years.
Differences in Inflammation, Apoptosis and Tissue Hypo-perfusion Indicators Caused by Using Two Different Gauges in Cecal Ligation and Puncture-induced Rat Models of Sepsis
Authors: Didari Tina , Baeeri Maryam , Rahimifard Mahban , Mozaffari Shilan , Haghi-Aminjan Hamed , Mojtahedzadeh Mojtaba , Najafi Atabak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.