bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research Progress of Porous Liquids
Authors: Li Ying 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCompared with porous solids, porous liquids have attracted more and more attention due to their unique physical‐chemical properties such as permanent porosity, fluidity, rapid heat and mass transfer. They have broad application prospects in the fields of gas adsorption and separation, homogeneous catalysis, and others. Porous liquids are generally divided into three categories that include type I, type II and type III according to the composition of the host system in porous liquids. In this paper, the research progress of porous liquids is briefly reviewed, the examples of synthesis, characterization and application of three types of porous liquids are illustrated in detail. Finally, the main issues and challenges faced by the development of porous liquids are summarized and prospected.
Molecular Insight into the Discrepancy of Antitubercular Activity between 8‐Nitro and 8‐Cyano Benzothiazinones
Authors: Zhang Gang , Chen Daoxing , Wang Sufang , Chen Hualong , Wei Ning , Chen Guirong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBenzothiazinones with 8‐NO2 group is a novel class of compounds with potent antitubercular activity, especially BTZ043 and PBTZ169, which covalently inhibit DprE1. 8‐CN benzothiazinones is reported as another type of benzothiazinones with potent antitubercular activity. Taking this as the starting point, a series of 8‐CN benzothiazinones are synthesized and evaluated for their antitubercular activity. To better understand the antitubercular activity of this series of benzothiazinones, the difference between the molecular structures of CN01 and PBTZ169 in crystal are analyzed. CN01 and PBTZ169 show completely different conformations of the piperazine ring. Density functional theory analysis (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation are performed to provide more details to explain the different antitubercular activity. All the analysis based on crystallography, quantum chemistry, and molecular modeling lay a foundation for the subsequent structural optimization of 8‐CN benzothiazinones.
Towards the statistical construction of hybrid development methods
Authors: Tell Paolo , Klünder Jil , Küpper Steffen , Raffo David , MacDonell Stephen , Münch Jürgen , Pfahl Dietmar , Linssen Oliver , Kuhrmann Marco 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHardly any software development process is used as prescribed by authors or standards. Regardless of company size or industry sector, a majority of project teams and companies use hybrid development methods (short: hybrid methods) that combine different development methods and practices. Even though such hybrid methods are highly individualized, a common understanding of how to systematically construct synergetic practices is missing. In this article, we make a first step towards a statistical construction procedure for hybrid methods. Grounded in 1467 data points from a large‐scale practitioner survey, we study the question: What are hybrid methods made of and how can they be systematically constructed? Our findings show that only eight methods and few practices build the core of modern software development. Using an 85% agreement level in the participants' selections, we provide examples illustrating how hybrid methods can be characterized by the practices they are made of. Furthermore, using this characterization, we develop an initial construction procedure, which allows for defining a method frame and enriching it incrementally to devise a hybrid method using ranked sets of practice.
Evolutionary study of COVID‐19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) as an emerging coronavirus: Phylogenetic analysis and literature review
Authors: Tabibzadeh Alireza , Esghaei Maryam , Soltani Saber , Yousefi Parastoo , Taherizadeh Mahsa , Safarnezhad Tameshkel Fahimeh , Golahdooz Mahsa , Panahi Mahshid , Ajdarkosh Hossein , Zamani Farhad , Karbalaie Niya Mohammad Hadi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSince emerging coronaviruses have always become a human health concern globally especially severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and a novel coronavirus was introduced in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 (called SARS‐CoV‐2), many researchers focused on its epidemics, virological and clinical features. SARS‐CoV‐2 is classified as Betacoronaviruses genus and Sarbecovirus subgenus (lineage B). The virus shows a great similarity with SARS‐CoV and bat SARS‐like coronaviruses. In this study, we evaluate SARS‐CoV‐2 virus phylogeny and evolution by using current virus and related sequences.
Functional analysis of CD44 variants and xCT in canine tumours
Authors: Tanabe Atsushi , Kimura Kento , Tazawa Hana , Maruo Takuya , Taguchi Masayuki , Sahara Hiroeki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe cell surface glycoprotein CD44 has various types of splicing variants, which contribute to its multiple distinct cellular functions. Recently, it was reported that the CD44v8‐10 isoform interacts with the system Xc(‐) transporter‐related protein (xCT), and inhibits the accumulation of reactive oxygen species by promoting the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione in human tumour cells. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of CD44 variants and xCT in canine tumours. From semi‐quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, the mRNA expression of the CD44v8‐10 isoform was observed in canine tumour tissues as well as human cases. The overexpression of CD44v8‐10 may promote the synthesis of glutathione and enhance the resistance to radiation of canine breast tumour cells. Furthermore, canine xCT mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in the canine breast tumour tissues as compared to the normal tissues surrounding the tumours. To investigate the function of canine xCT, we treated canine tumour cells with the xCT inhibitor sulfasalazine. Consequently, the sulfasalazine‐treated cells were more sensitive to oxidative stress than the non‐treated cells. Taken together, these results suggested that CD44v8‐10 and xCT play important roles in the therapy resistance of canine tumours as well as human tumours.
The effects of doxapram on haematology, serum biochemical parameters and erythrocyte oxidant/ antioxidant status in dogs anaesthetized with propofol
Authors: Sabiza Soroush , Naddaf Hadi , Jalali Seyedeh Misagh , Baniadam Ali , Mosallanejad Bahman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present prospective randomized experimental study was designed to determine the effects of doxapram on haematological, serum biochemical and antioxidant status in dogs after propofol anaesthesia. Twenty‐four healthy male mixed breed dogs, aged 1–2 years, weighing 20.4 ± 2.6 kg was studied. Each dog was anaesthetized twice, with at least one week for washout. Animals were sedated with acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg) intramuscularly. Forty minutes later, anaesthesia was induced using intravenous (IV) propofol (4 mg/kg) titration and maintained for 30 min by propofol (0.2 mg kg−1 min−1). After propofol was discontinued, doxapram (2 mg/kg) hydrochloride was administrated IV in PD treatment while an equal volume of saline was administrated in PS treatment. Blood parameters were analysed in four times: immediately before sedation (T1), after treatment (T2), after complete recovery (T3) and 24 hr later (T4). Haematological assessments revealed no significant difference between treatments except in haematocrit which was significantly reduced at T4 (24 hr later) in PD. A decreasing trend of all haematological variables was observed after doxapram administration until recovery, except monocyte, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, red blood cell distribution width and platelet count. Serum urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, direct bilirubin concentration and alanine aminotransferase activity were not changed following doxapram administration compared to the PS treatment. After doxapram administration, Creatinine (T3), Albumin (T2) and Protein (T2 & T3) decreased while Glucose (T2 & T3) and BT (T3) increased. Antioxidant parameters measured showed no difference between treatments or time. Doxapram (2 mg/kg) IV did not induce any major negative effects on haematological, serum biochemical variables and oxidant/antioxidant status in dogs after propofol anaesthesia.
AQUADA: Automated quantification of damages in composite wind turbine blades for LCOE reduction
Authors: Chen Xiao , Shihavuddin ASM , Madsen Steen Hjelm , Thomsen Kenneth , Rasmussen Steffen , Branner Kim 
Published: November 2020

AbstractReliability and cost are two important driving factors in the development of wind energy. Automation and digitalization of operation and maintenance (O&M) procedures help to increase turbine reliability and reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Here, we demonstrate a novel method, coined as AQUADA, which may change the current labor‐intensive and operation‐interfering blade inspection by using thermography and computer vision. We experimentally show that structural damages below the surfaces can be detected and quantified remotely when wind turbine blades are subject to fatigue loads. The data acquisition and analysis are automatically done in one single step, which may shift the current inspection paradigm through more automated O&M procedures. The cost analysis shows that the AQUADA method has a potential to at least half the total inspection cost and reduce the LCOE by 1%–2% when applied to a baseline land‐based wind farm consisting of twenty 2.45‐MW turbines. All data and source codes are published for researchers to reproduce our results and facilitate further development of AQUADA towards more mature industrial applications.
The Homework of Response-Ability in Science Education
Authors: Higgins Marc 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to introduce response-ability as a concept and practice to (re)open science education’s understanding and enactments of responsibility towards Indigenous ways-of-living-with-nature (IWLN) and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). This is significant as even well-intentioned forms of responsibility are often and inadvertently over-coded by the (neo-)colonial logics that it sets out to refuse and resist: responsibility and the ability to respond are often not one and the same. Within this chapter, I revisit a significant personal pedagogical encounter in which this distinction made itself felt and known. Thinking with the work of Sami scholar Rauna Kuokkanen, this narrative provides a platform to explore practices of epistemic ignorance and its (co-)constitutive relation to knowledge, as well as what she refers to as “the homework of response-ability” required to (re)open the norms of responsiveness towards the possibility of heeding the call of Indigenous science from within the structure of science education. Concluding thoughts underscore the promise of deconstruction (rather than destruction) as a theoretical, methodological, and ethical tool to resist the (fore)closure of responsibility towards hospitably receiving Indigenous science on its own terms.
XcalableMP Programming Model and Language
Authors: Murai Hitoshi , Nakao Masahiro , Sato Mitsuhisa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractXcalableMP (XMP) is a directive-based language extension of Fortran and C for distributed-memory parallel computers, and can be classified as a partitioned global address space (PGAS) language. One of the remarkable characteristics of XMP is that it supports both global-view and local-view parallel programming. This chapter describes the programming model and language specification of XMP.
Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Omni Compiler
Authors: Nakao Masahiro , Murai Hitoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes the implementation and performance evaluation of Omni compiler, which is a reference implementation of the compiler for XcalableMP. For performance evaluation, this chapter also presents how to implement the HPC Challenge benchmarks, which is a benchmark suite for an HPC parallel language. The results show that the performance of XMP is comparable to that of MPI in many cases.
Mixed-Language Programming with XcalableMP
Authors: Nakao Masahiro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter presents the mixed-language programming with XcalableMP and other programming languages. It is supported by the linkage functions between XcalableMP and MPI library. We also demonstrate how to call XcalableMP program from Python program (M. Nakao et al., Linkage of XcalableMP and Python languages for high productivity on HPC cluster system, Proceedings of Workshops of HPC Asia, No .9, pp.39–47, 2018).
Multi-SPMD Programming Model with YML and XcalableMP
Authors: Tsuji Miwako , Murai Hitoshi , Boku Taisuke , Sato Mitsuhisa , Petiton Serge G. , Emad Nahid , Dufaud Thomas , Protze Joachim , Terboven Christian , Müller Matthias S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes a multi-SPMD (mSPMD) programming model and a set of software and libraries to support the mSPMD programming model. The mSPMD programming model has been proposed to realize scalable applications on huge and hierarchical systems. It has been evident that simple SPMD programs such as MPI, XMP, or hybrid programs such as OpenMP/MPI cannot exploit the postpeta- or exascale systems efficiently due to the increasing complexity of applications and systems. The mSPMD programming model has been designed to adopt multiple programming models across different architecture levels. Instead of invoking a single parallel program on millions of processor cores, multiple SPMD programs of moderate sizes can be worked together in the mSPMD programming model. As components of the mSPMD programming model, XMP has been supported. Fault-tolerance features, correctness checks, and some numerical libraries’ implementations in the mSPMD programming model have been presented.
Leptoquarks in oblique corrections and Higgs signal strength: status and prospects
Authors: Crivellin Andreas , Müller Dario , Saturnino Francesco 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Leptoquarks (LQs) are predicted within Grand Unified Theories and are well motivated by the current flavor anomalies. In this article we investigate the impact of scalar LQs on Higgs decays and oblique corrections as complementary observables in the search for them. Taking into account all five LQ representations under the Standard Model gauge group and including the most general mixing among them, we calculate the effects in h → γγ, h → gg, h → Zγ and the Peskin-Takeuchi parameters S, T and U. We find that these observables depend on the same Lagrangian parameters, leading to interesting correlations among them. While the current experimental bounds only yield weak constraints on the model, these correlations can be used to distinguish different LQ representations at future colliders (ILC, CLIC, FCC-ee and FCC-hh), whose discovery potential we are going to discuss.
Safety of conscious sedation in electroanatomical mapping procedures and cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Weinmann Karolina , Heudorfer Regina , Lenz Alexia , Aktolga Deniz , Rattka Manuel , Bothner Carlo , Pott Alexander , Öchsner Wolfgang , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Dahme Tillman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractImmobilization of patients during electrophysiological procedures, to avoid complications by patients’ unexpected bodily motion, is achieved by moderate to deep conscious sedation using benzodiazepines and propofol for sedation and opioids for analgesia. Our aim was to compare respiratory and hemodynamic safety endpoints of cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and electroanatomical mapping (EAM) procedures. Included patients underwent either cryoballoon PVI or EAM procedures. Sedation monitoring included non-invasive blood pressure measurements, transcutaneous oxygen saturation (tSpO2) and transcutaneous carbon-dioxide (tpCO2) measurements. We enrolled 125 consecutive patients, 67 patients underwent cryoballoon atrial fibrillation ablation and 58 patients had an EAM and radiofrequency ablation procedure. Mean procedure duration of EAM procedures was significantly longer (p < 0.001) and propofol doses as well as morphine equivalent doses of administered opioids were significantly higher in EAM patients compared to cryoballoon patients (p < 0.001). Cryoballoon patients display higher tpCO2levels compared to EAM patients at 30 min (cryoballoon: 51.1 ± 7.0 mmHg vs. EAM: 48.6 ± 6.2 mmHg,p = 0.009) and at 60 min (cryoballoon: 51.4 ± 7.3 mmHg vs. EAM: 48.9 ± 6.6 mmHg,p = 0.07) procedure duration. Mean arterial pressure was significantly higher after 60 min (cryoballoon: 84.7 ± 16.7 mmHg vs. EAM: 76.7 ± 13.3 mmHg,p = 0.017) in cryoballoon PVI compared to EAM procedures. Regarding respiratory and hemodynamic safety endpoints, no significant difference was detected regarding hypercapnia, hypoxia and episodes of hypotension. Despite longer procedure duration and deeper sedation requirement, conscious sedation in EAM procedures appears to be as safe as conscious sedation in cryoballoon ablation procedures regarding hemodynamic and respiratory safety endpoints.
Elevated markers of thrombo-inflammatory activation predict outcome in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities and COVID-19 disease: insights from the LEOSS registry
Authors: Cremer Sebastian , Jakob Carolin , Berkowitsch Alexander , Borgmann Stefan , Pilgram Lisa , Tometten Lukas , Classen Annika , Wille Kai , Weidlich Simon , Gruener Beate , Dimmeler Stefanie , Massberg Steffen , Rieg Siegbert , Zeiher Andreas M. ,   the LEOSS study group
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aims
SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Here, we analyzed whether specific biomarkers predict the clinical course of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.

Methods and results
We enrolled 2147 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection which were included in the Lean European Open Survey on SARS-CoV‑2 (LEOSS)-registry from March to June 2020. Clinical data and laboratory values were collected and compared between patients with and without cardiovascular comorbidities in different clinical stages of the disease. Predictors for mortality were calculated using multivariate regression analysis. We show that patients with cardiovascular comorbidities display significantly higher markers of myocardial injury and thrombo-inflammatory activation already in the uncomplicated phase of COVID-19. In multivariate analysis, elevated levels of troponin [OR 1.54; (95% CI 1.22–1.96), p < 0.001)], IL-6 [OR 1.69 (95% CI 1.26–2.27), p < 0.013)], and CRP [OR 1.32; (95% CI 1.1–1.58), p < 0.003)] were predictors of mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Conclusion
Patients with cardiovascular comorbidities show elevated markers of thrombo-inflammatory activation and myocardial injury, which predict mortality, already in the uncomplicated phase of COVID-19. Starting targeted anti-inflammatory therapy and aggressive anticoagulation already in the uncomplicated phase of the disease might improve outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.

Graphic abstract
Elevated markers of thrombo-inflammatory activation predict outcome in patients with
cardiovascular comorbidities and COVID-19 disease: insights from the LEOSS registry
Droplet vitrification technique for cryopreservation of a large diversity of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars
Authors: Rantala Saija , Kaseva Janne , Nukari Anna , Laamanen Jaana , Tuohimetsä Saara , Karhu Saila , Veteläinen Merja , Häggman Hely 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of plant gene banks is to preserve genetic resources selected based on their phenotypic, agronomic, historical or other cultural values for future utilization. In the present study the modified PVS2 droplet vitrification technique was tested and optimized for cryopreservation of a large diversity of blackcurrant (R. nigrum L.) accessions propagated in vitro and selected into a national gene bank core collection. Out of four accessions tested to optimize the method, three recovered and regenerated by 89–97% on average, but one recalcitrant in vitro line only by 25%. The tested post-cryopreservation recovery media with different macronutrient and growth regulator levels showed no generalized effect on regenerated shoots, but the effect of recovery media was different between cultivars. When the whole regeneration chain from cryopreservation via micropropagation to greenhouse conditions was tested, shoots at least 1 cm in length were found necessary for successful transfer ex vitro. The long-term cryopreservation of 22 blackcurrant accessions was finally conducted, with practices slightly modified from the tested protocol. The estimated recovery of shoot tips after 9 weeks in vitro was 17–94% with at least 75% recovery in seven accessions and at least 40% recovery in 19 out of 22 accessions. Only one accession had no cryopreservation success. The results demonstrated that the modified droplet vitrification technique is appropriate for a large diversity of blackcurrant accessions. However, cultivar-related differences and recovery procedures are to be considered for success in regeneration and ex vitro adaptation.
Biomarkers and phenotypic expression in Alzheimer’s disease: exploring the contribution of frailty in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Authors:   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Canevelli Marco , Arisi Ivan , Bacigalupo Ilaria , Arighi Andrea , Galimberti Daniela , Vanacore Nicola , D’Onofrio Mara , Cesari Matteo , Bruno Giuseppe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present study aimed at investigating if the main biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology and their association with cognitive disturbances and dementia are modified by the individual’s frailty status. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from participants with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD dementia enrolled in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2 (ADNI2) study. Frailty was operationalized by computing a 40-item Frailty Index (FI). The following AD biomarkers were considered and analyzed according to the participants’ frailty status: CSF Aβ1-42, 181P-tau, and T-tau; MRI-based hippocampus volume; cortical glucose metabolism at the FDG PET imaging; amyloid deposition at the 18F-AV-45 PET imaging. Logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, and education, were performed to explore the association of biomarkers with cognitive status at different FI levels. Subjects with higher FI scores had lower CSF levels of Aβ1-42, hippocampus volumes at the MRI, and glucose metabolism at the FDG PET imaging, and a higher amyloid deposition at the 18F-AV-45 PET. No significant differences were observed among the two frailty groups concerning ApoE genotype, CSF T-tau, and P-tau. Increasing frailty levels were associated with a weakened relationship between dementia and 18F-AV-45 uptake and hippocampus volume and with a stronger relationship of dementia with FDG PET. Frailty contributes to the discrepancies between AD pathology and clinical manifestations and influences the association of AD pathological modifications with cognitive changes. AD and dementia should increasingly be conceived as “complex diseases of aging,” determined by multiple, simultaneous, and interacting pathophysiological processes.