bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SIRT2 modulates VEGFD‐associated lymphangiogenesis by deacetylating EPAS1 in human head and neck cancer
Authors: Hu An , Yang Li‐Yun , Liang Jia , Lu Dan , Zhang Jia‐Li , Cao Fan‐Fan , Fu Jia‐Ying , Dai Wei‐Jun , Zhang Jing‐Fei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is one of seven mammalian homologs of silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) and an NAD+‐dependent deacetylase; however, its critical role in lymphangiogenesis remains to be explored. We investigate SIRT2 mediated regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGFD) expression and lymphangiogenesis by deacetylating endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1) in head and neck cancer (HNC) in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we report that SIRT2, rather than other members of the Sir2 family, reduces the expression of VEGFD and lymphangiogenesis in hypoxia‐induced HNC cells and transplanted HNC mice models by reducing EPAS1 acetylation at Lys674 and decreasing the transcriptional activity of EPAS1 target genes. The expression of SIRT2 was closely related to the expression of VEGFD, lymphangiogenesis in subcutaneously transplanted mice models, and lymphangiogenesis in patients with HNC. Our results suggest that SIRT2 plays a central role in tumor lymphangiogenesis via deacetylating EPAS1 protein. Reagents targeting the NAD+‐dependent deacetylase activity of SIRT2 would be beneficial for inhibiting tumor lymphangiogenesis and treating other hypoxia‐related diseases.
An attention‐supervised full‐resolution residual network for the segmentation of breast ultrasound images
Authors: Qu Xiaolei , Shi Yao , Hou Yaxin , Jiang Jue 
Published: September 2020

PurposeBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Medical ultrasound imaging is one of the widely applied breast imaging methods for breast tumors. Automatic breast ultrasound (BUS) image segmentation can measure the size of tumors objectively. However, various ultrasound artifacts hinder segmentation. We proposed an attention‐supervised full‐resolution residual network (ASFRRN) to segment tumors from BUS images.MethodsIn the proposed method, Global Attention Upsample (GAU) and deep supervision were introduced into a full‐resolution residual network (FRRN), where GAU learns to merge features at different levels with attention for deep supervision. Two datasets were employed for evaluation. One (Dataset A) consisted of 163 BUS images with tumors (53 malignant and 110 benign) from UDIAT Centre Diagnostic, and the other (Dataset B) included 980 BUS images with tumors (595 malignant and 385 benign) from the Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center. The tumors from both datasets were manually segmented by medical doctors. For evaluation, the Dice coefficient (Dice), Jaccard similarity coefficient (JSC), and F1 score were calculated.ResultsFor Dataset A, the proposed method achieved higher Dice (84.3 10.0%), JSC (75.2 10.7%), and F1 score (84.3 10.0%) than the previous best method: FRRN. For Dataset B, the proposed method also achieved higher Dice (90.7 13.0%), JSC (83.7 14.8%), and F1 score (90.7 13.0%) than the previous best methods: DeepLabv3 and dual attention network (DANet). For Dataset A + B, the proposed method achieved higher Dice (90.5 13.1%), JSC (83.3 14.8%), and F1 score (90.5 13.1%) than the previous best method: DeepLabv3. Additionally, the parameter number of ASFRRN was only 10.6 M, which is less than those of DANet (71.4 M) and DeepLabv3 (41.3 M).ConclusionsWe proposed ASFRRN, which combined with FRRN, attention mechanism, and deep supervision to segment tumors from BUS images. It achieved high segmentation accuracy with a reduced parameter number.
In vivo Nakagami‐m parametric imaging of microbubble‐enhanced ultrasound regulated by RF and VF processing techniques
Authors: Wang Diya , Liu Dong , Sang Yuchao , Zhang Yu , Wan Mingxi , Diederich Chris J. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeApplication of the Nakagami statistical model and associated m parameter has the potential to suppress artifacts from adjustable system parameters and operator selections typical in echo amplitude‐coded microbubble‐enhanced ultrasound (MEUS). However, the feasibility of applying m estimation and determination of the associated Nakagami distribution features for in vivo MEUS remain to be investigated. Sensitivity and discriminability of m‐coded MEUS are often limited since raw envelopes are regulated by complex radiofrequency (RF) and video‐frequency (VF) processing. This study aims to develop an improved imaging approach for the m parameter estimation which can overcome the above limitations in in vivo condition.MethodThe regulation effects of RF processing of pulse‐inversion (PI) harmonic detection techniques and VF processing of logarithmic compression in Nakagami distributions were investigated in MEUS. A window‐modulated compounding moment estimator was developed to estimate the MEUS m values. The sensitivity and discriminability of m‐coded MEUS were quantified with contrast‐to‐tissue ratio (CTR), contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), and axial and lateral resolutions, which were validated through in vivo perfusion experiments on rabbit kidneys.ResultsRegulated by RF and VF processing, the distributions of MEUS obeyed the Nakagami statistical model. The Nakagami‐fitted correlation coefficient was 0.996 ± 0.003 (P < 0.05 in the t test and P < 0.001 in the Kolmogorov−Smirnov test). Among each of the m‐coded MEUS methods, the logarithmic m‐coded PI‐MEUS scheme effectively characterized the peripheral rim perfusion features and details within the renal cortex. The CTR and CNR in this region reached 7.9 ± 1.5 dB and 34.4 ± 1.7 dB, respectively, which were higher than those of standard amplitude‐coded MEUS; and the axial and lateral resolutions were 1.02 ± 0.02 and 0.91 ± 0.02 mm, respectively, which were slightly longer than those of amplitude‐coded MEUS.ConclusionsThe Nakagami statistical model could characterize MEUS even when the envelope distributions were regulated by RF and VF processing. The logarithmic m‐coded PI‐MEUS scheme significantly improved the sensitivity, discriminability, and robustness of m estimation in MEUS. The scheme provides an option to remove artifacts in echo amplitude‐coded MEUS and to distinctly characterize the inherent microvasculature enhanced by microbubbles, with potential to improve and expand the role of MEUS in diagnostic ultrasound.
Incontinence Quiz: Translation, validation, and reproducibility in Portuguese women
Authors: Carvalhais Alice , Araújo Fábio , Ferreira Margarida 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to translate and validate the Incontinence Quiz (IQ) questionnaire into a Portuguese version.MethodsThe Portuguese version of the 14‐item Incontinence Quiz was prepared following translation and back‐translation procedures and was tested on a pilot group of 10 women. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α), test‐retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), and construct validity (using two indicators: education level and being a qualified health professional) were assessed in 141 women from the staff of two higher education institutions. Participant's socio‐demographic characteristics were collected by questionnaire.ResultsThe translation and back‐translation process was performed without constraints. Cronbach's α ranged from 0.696 (Item 13) to 0.748 (Item 6), and global Chronbach's α was  .740. ICC values for the IQ total score were  .78, .57, and .79 for correct, wrong, and do not know answers, respectively. Both economic indicators were positively associated with the percentage of correct answers.ConclusionsValidity and reliability of the translated Portuguese IQ were achieved which will allow the comparison of results with studies in other cultures.
Characterizing voiding experiences of men choosing seated and standing positions
Authors: Namiri Nikan K. , Cheema Bhagat , Lui Hansen , Enriquez Anthony , Rios Natalie , Srirangapatanam Sudarshan , Cohen Andrew J. , Mmonu Nnenaya A. , Breyer Benjamin N. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsVoiding positions and preferences in men are not well characterized. In this study, we aim to understand the interplay of voiding characteristics and their impact on voiding position.MethodsWe designed a 27‐item survey to assess voiding characteristics and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) severity in men seen in urology and other outpatient clinics. Participants included adult men patients and adult men accompanying patients at our institution's outpatient clinics. Data collected included demographics, International Prostate Symptom Score questionnaire, stream type (single, split, and dribble), voiding behavior, positional stream quality, and voiding bother.ResultsWe received 195 completed surveys (80% response rate). Of men queried, 18% (35/195) preferred to sit while voiding. Overall, men who sit had a higher proportion of LUTS (66% [23/35] vs. 41% [66/160]; p = .01), more physical limitations affecting voiding choice (20% [7/35] vs. 3% [5/160]; (p = .001), and a lower desire to stand (6% [2/35] vs. 24% [38/160]; p = .02), compared to men who stand. Men who sit while voiding reported nearly double the amount of voiding associated bother (34% [12/35]) compared to men who stand (18% [28/160]; p = .04). Older aged men reported a similar rate of seated urination compared to younger men. The most common reasons to void seated included comfort and avoidance of spraying.ConclusionsOur findings discourage the use of anecdotal beliefs founded on generalizable characteristics, such as age and stream type, to infer a patient's voiding characteristics. Open dialog with patients regarding voiding preferences may garner important information regarding overall urologic health and better inform urologic care.
The mixed capacitated general routing problem with time‐dependent demands
Authors: Ahabchane Chahid , Langevin André , Trépanier Martin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe mixed capacitated general routing problem (MCGRP) is defined over a mixed graph, for which some nodes, arcs, and edges must be serviced. The problem consists of determining a set of routes of minimum cost that satisfy the demand. Some problems like salt spreading have a time‐dependent demand which was ignored in the previous studies. This variation of demand is due to the weather or traffic conditions. This study presents a mixed integer programming model without graph transformation to node routing. We use CPLEX to solve small instances and we develop a Slack Induction by String Removals metaheuristic for large instances adapted to this problem. The proposed model and metaheuristic were tested on problems derived from a set of classical instances of the MCGRP with some modifications to include time‐dependent demands.
Multilevel graph embedding
Authors: Quiring Benjamin , Vassilevski Panayot S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe goal of the present paper is the design of embeddings of a general sparse graph into a set of points in for appropriated ≥ 2. The embeddings that we are looking at aim to keep vertices that are grouped in communities together and keep the rest apart. To achieve this property, we utilize coarsening that respects possible community structures of the given graph. We employ a hierarchical multilevel coarsening approach that identifies communities (strongly connected groups of vertices) at every level. The multilevel strategy allows any given (presumably expensive) graph embedding algorithm to be made into a more scalable (and faster) algorithm. We demonstrate the presented approach on a number of given embedding algorithms and large‐scale graphs and achieve speed‐up over the methods in a recent paper.
A Riemannian inexact Newton‐CG method for stochastic inverse singular value problems
Authors: Ma Ru‐Ru , Bai Zheng‐Jian 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn this article, we consider the stochastic inverse singular value problem (ISVP) of constructing a stochastic matrix from the prescribed realizable singular values. We propose a Riemannian inexact Newton‐CG method with various choices of forcing terms for solving the stochastic ISVP. We show the proposed method converges linearly or superlinearly for different forcing terms under some assumptions. We also extend the proposed method to the case of prescribed entries. Finally, we report some numerical results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.MOS SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION65F18; 65F15; 15A18; 65K05; 90C26; 90C48
Household characteristics of persons with complex care needs in the community: A preliminary study
Authors: Yoshioka‐Maeda Kyoko , Fujii Hitoshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo identify the characteristics of households of persons with complex care needs and clarify the care period length required to resolve their primary health issues.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional study design.MethodsWe collected registered data and nursing records from 155 households living in City A within the Tokyo Metropolis. They were designated as complex care cases by the home care and life support centre and needed a multidisciplinary approach to care from April 2018–July 2019.ResultsMost households comprised an elderly with a single adult child (N = 47, 30.3%). Mental illness and economic distress overlapped as the most common issues. The mean length of care period was 147.7 days (SD = 120.6). The log‐rank test showed that single persons took significantly less time to resolve their primary health issues than elders with single‐child households or single‐person <65‐year‐old households.
In‐silico analysis of the strigolactone ligand‐receptor system
Authors: Bürger Marco , Chory Joanne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStrigolactones (SLs) are a diverse class of butenolide‐bearing plant hormones associated with several processes of major agricultural concern. SLs initiate symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, cause germination of crop‐devastating parasitic plants, and inhibit shoot branching in vascular plants. SLs are perceived by dual receptor‐hydrolase proteins, and capturing the intact ligand inside the receptor remains a key challenge for structural biologists. In addition, many discovered SLs are hard to obtain and too unstable to work with. In a computer‐based approach, we investigated the interaction of 20 different SL molecules with nine crystal structures of SL receptors. Our results suggest an important role of the active site for ligand binding and orientation, and that the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica has developed both promiscuous and type‐specific SL receptors as part of its host recognition strategy.
Registration of ‘Hilliard’ wheat
Authors: Griffey Carl , Malla Subas , Brooks Wynse , Seago John , Christopher Anthony , Thomason Wade , Pitman Robert , Markham Robin , Vaughn Mark , Dunaway David , Beahm Mary , Barrack C. Lin , Rucker Elizabeth , Behl Harry , Hardiman Thomas , Beahm Bruce , Browning Phillip , Schmale David , McMaster Niki , Custis J. Tommy , Gulick Steve , Ashburn S. Bobby , Jones Ned , Baik Byung‐Kee , Bockelman Harold , Marshall David , Fountain Myron , Brown‐Guedira Gina , Cowger Christina , Cambron Sue , Kolmer James , Jin Yue , Chen Xianming , Garland‐Campbell Kimberly , Sparry Ellen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract‘Hilliard’ (Reg. no. CV‐1163, PI 676271), a soft red winter (SRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed and tested as VA11W‐108 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in March 2015. Hilliard was derived from the cross ‘25R47’/‘Jamestown’. Hilliard is widely adapted, from Texas to Ontario, Canada, and provides producers with a mid‐season, medium height, awned, semi‐dwarf (Rht2) cultivar that has very high yield potential, good straw strength, and intermediate grain volume weight and quality. It expresses moderate to high levels of resistance to most diseases prevalent in the eastern United States and Ontario. In the 2016–2018 USDA‐ARS Uniform SRW Wheat nurseries, Hilliard ranked first in grain yield in the southern nursery across all 3 yr (5,147–5,758 kg ha−1). In the uniform eastern nursery, it ranked first for grain yield in 2016 (6,159 kg ha−1) and 2017 (5,633 kg ha−1) and second in 2018 (5,515 kg ha−1). Grain volume weights of Hilliard were similar to overall trial averages in the uniform southern (73.4–75.2 kg hl−1) and eastern (70–75.8 kg hl−1) nurseries. Hilliard has soft grain texture with flour softness equivalent values varying from 58.1 to 61.7 g 100 g−1. Straight grade flour yields on a Quadrumat Senior mill varied from 66.8 to 68.4 g kg−1. Flour protein concentration varied from 7.0 to 9.1 g 100 g−1 and gluten strength from 108 to 128 g 100 g−1, as measured by lactic acid solvent retention capacity. Cookie spread diameter varied from 18.3 to 18.6 cm.
Coronavirus global pandemic: An overview of current findings among pediatric patients
Authors: Perikleous Evanthia , Tsalkidis Aggelos , Bush Andrew , Paraskakis Emmanouil 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) epidemic has been emerged as a cardinal public health problem. Children have their own specific clinical features; notably, they seem to be escaping the severe respiratory adverse effects. The international scientific community is rapidly carrying out studies, driving to the need to reassess knowledge of the disease and therapeutic strategies.AimTo assess the characteristics of COVID‐19 infected children worldwide of all ages, from neonates to children and adolescents, and how they differ from their adult counterparts.Search StrategyAn electronic search in PubMed was conducted, using combinations of the following keywords: coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2, COVID‐19, children. The search included all types of articles written in English between January 1, 2019 until August 15, 2020.ResultsThe search identified 266 relevant articles. Children were mainly within family clusters of cases and have relatively milder clinical presentation compared with adults; children were reported to have better outcomes with a significantly lower mortality rate. Cough and fever were the most common symptoms while pneumonia was the cardinal respiratory manifestation of infected children. Laboratory results and thoracic imaging give varying results.ConclusionsChildren were mainly family cluster cases and usually presented with a mild infection, although cases presented with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome are becoming more apparent. Studies determining why the manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection are so variable may help to gain a better understanding of the disease and accelerate the development of vaccines and therapies.
The cerebrovascular response to norepinephrine: A scoping systematic review of the animal and human literature
Authors: Froese Logan , Dian Joshua , Gomez Alwyn , Unger Bertram , Zeiler Frederick A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntravenous norepinephrine (NE) is utilized commonly in critical care for cardiovascular support. NE’s impact on cerebrovasculature is unclear and may carry important implications during states of critical neurological illness. The aim of the study was to perform a scoping review of the literature on the cerebrovascular/cerebral blood flow (CBF) effects of NE. A search of MEDLINE, BIOSIS, EMBASE, Global Health, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library from inception to December 2019 was performed. All manuscripts pertaining to the administration of NE, in which the impact on CBF/cerebral vasculature was recorded, were included. We identified 62 animal studies and 26 human studies. Overall, there was a trend to a direct vasoconstriction effect of NE on the cerebral vasculature, with conflicting studies having demonstrated both increases and decreases in regional CBF (rCBF) or global CBF. Healthy animals and those undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation demonstrated a dose‐dependent increase in CBF with NE administration. However, animal models and human patients with acquired brain injury had varied responses in CBF to NE administration. The animal models indicate an increase in cerebral vasoconstriction with NE administration through the alpha receptors in vessels. Global and rCBF during the injection of NE displays a wide variation depending on treatment and model/patient.
Transfer of heavy metal along food chain: a mini‐review on insect susceptibility to entomopathogenic microorganisms under heavy metal stress
Authors: Jiang Dun , Tan Mingtao , Guo Qingxi , Yan Shanchun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe development and physiological status of pest insects are important factors that affect the effectiveness of biological control. Current knowledge reveals that heavy metals can be transferred to phytophagous insects through food chains and cause various chronic toxicological effects on the growth and physiology of phytophagous insects. These findings potentially attribute heavy metal contamination to an environmental factor governing biocontrol efficiency against pest insects, pointing to an urgent demand to better understand the effects of heavy metal exposure on insect susceptibility to entomopathogenic microorganisms. Here we discuss the transfer characteristics of heavy metals along the food chains to phytophagous insects and conclude that heavy metal exposure may promote insect susceptibility to entomopathogenic microorganisms in the heavy metal‐contaminated regions. Furthermore, we propose a ‘combined effect’ hypothesis that combination of entomopathogenic agent and heavy metal stress can cause a much higher overall insect mortality than does the entomopathogenic agent or the heavy metal stress alone. This is a new and relatively unexplored area in the microbial‐based biocontrol research, which might have great potential for future optimization of biocontrol strategies against economically and ecologically important agricultural or forest pests in the heavy metal polluted areas. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Immune response following infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 and other coronaviruses: A rapid review
Authors: O Murchu Eamon , Byrne Paula , Walsh Kieran A. , Carty Paul G. , Connolly Máire , De Gascun Cillian , Jordan Karen , Keoghan Mary , O'Brien Kirsty K. , O'Neill Michelle , Smith Susan M. , Teljeur Conor , Ryan Máirín , Harrington Patricia 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn this review, we systematically searched and summarized the evidence on the immune response and reinfection rate following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We also retrieved studies on SARS‐CoV and MERS‐CoV to assess the long‐term duration of antibody responses. A protocol based on Cochrane rapid review methodology was adhered to and databases were searched from 1/1/2000 until 26/5/2020.Of 4744 citations retrieved, 102 studies met our inclusion criteria. Seventy‐four studies were retrieved on SARS‐CoV‐2. While the rate and timing of IgM and IgG seroconversion were inconsistent across studies, most seroconverted for IgG within 2 weeks and 100% (N = 62) within 4 weeks. IgG was still detected at the end of follow‐up (49‐65 days) in all patients (N = 24). Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 92%‐100% of patients (up to 53 days). It is not clear if reinfection with SARS‐CoV‐2 is possible, with studies more suggestive of intermittent detection of residual RNA.Twenty‐five studies were retrieved on SARS‐CoV. In general, SARS‐CoV‐specific IgG was maintained for 1‐2 years post‐infection and declined thereafter, although one study detected IgG up to 12 years post‐infection. Neutralizing antibodies were detected up to 17 years in another study. Three studies on MERS‐CoV reported that IgG may be detected up to 2 years.In conclusion, limited early data suggest that most patients seroconvert for SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG within 2 weeks. While the long‐term duration of antibody responses is unknown, evidence from SARS‐CoV studies suggest SARS‐CoV‐specific IgG is sustained for 1‐2 years and declines thereafter.