bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
[18f]Feppa Pet Imaging For Monitoring Neuroinflammation In Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Zammit Matthew , Tao Yunlong , Olsen Miles , Metzger Jeanette , Vermilyea Scott , Bjornson Kathryn , Slesarev Maxim , Block Walter , Fuchs Kerri , Phillips Sean , Bondarenko Viktorya , Zhang Su-Chun , Emborg Marina , Christian Brad 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to examine whether the translocator protein 18-kDa (TSPO) PET ligand [ 18 F]FEPPA has the sensitivity for detecting changes in microglial activation in hemiparkinsonian rhesus macaques treated with allogeneic grafts of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons (iPSC-mDA). Methods In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [ 18 F]FEPPA was used in conjunction with postmortem CD68 immunostaining to evaluate neuroinflammation in the brains of hemiparkinsonian rhesus macaques (n = 6) that received allogeneic iPSC-mDA grafts in the putamen ipsilateral to MPTP administration. Results Based on visual inspection of the imaging data and assessment of radiotracer uptake, nonhuman primates with allogeneic grafts showed increased [ 18 F]FEPPA binding at the graft sites relative to the contralateral putamen. From PET asymmetry analysis of the images, the mean asymmetry index of the monkeys was AI = -0.110 ± 0.025. Evaluation and scoring of CD68 immunoreactivity by an investigator blind to the treatment identified significantly more neuroinflammation in the grafted areas of the putamen compared to the contralateral nucleus (p = 0.0004). [ 18 F]FEPPA PET standard uptake values normalized to the contralateral putamen (SUV norm ) showed a positive correlation with CD68 immunoreactivity ratings in the monkeys (Pearson’s r = 0.83; p = 0.0008). Conclusion These findings reveal that [ 18 F]FEPPA PET is an effective marker for detecting increased microglial activation and demonstrate sufficient sensitivity to detect small changes in neuroinflammation in vivo following allogeneic cell engraftment.
The contribution of serum cortisone and glucocorticoid metabolites to detrimental bone health in patients receiving hydrocortisone therapy
Authors: Dineen Rosemary , Behan Lucy-Ann , Kelleher Grainne , Hannon Mark J , Brady Jennifer J , Rogers Bairbre , Keevil Brian G , Tormey William , Smith Diarmuid , Thompson Christopher J , McKenna Malachi J , Arlt Wiebke , Stewart Paul M , Agha Amar , Sherlock Mark 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoid therapy is the most common cause of iatrogenic osteoporosis. Less is known regarding the effect of glucocorticoids when used as replacement therapy on bone remodelling in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Enhanced intracellular conversion of inactive cortisone to active cortisol, by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β-HSD1) and other enzymes leading to alterations in glucocorticoid metabolism, may contribute to a deleterious effect on bone health in this patient group.Methods: Study design: An open crossover prospective study randomizing ten hypopituitary men, with severe ACTH deficiency, to three commonly used hydrocortisone dose regimens. Measurements: Following 6 weeks of each regimen, patients underwent 24-hour serum cortisol/cortisone sampling, measurement of bone turnover markers, and a 24-hour urine collection for measurement of urinary steroid metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Serum cortisone and cortisol were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).Results: Dose-related and circadian variations in serum cortisone were seen to parallel those for cortisol, indicating conversion of ingested hydrocortisone to cortisone. The median area under the curve (AUC) of serum cortisone was significantly higher in patients on dose A (20mg/10mg) [670.5 (IQR 621-809.2)] compared to those on dose C (10mg/5mg) [562.8 (IQR 520.1-619.6), p=0.01]. A negative correlation was observed between serum cortisone and bone formation markers, OC[1-49] (r=-0.42, p=0.03), and PINP (r=-0.49, p=0.01). There was a negative correlation between the AUC of night-time serum cortisone levels with the bone formation marker, OC[1-49] (r=-0.41, p=0.03) but there were no significant correlations between day-time serum cortisone or cortisol with bone turnover markers. There was a negative correlation between total urinary cortisol metabolites and the bone formation markers, PINP (r=-0.39, p=0.04), and OC[1-49] (r=-0.35, p=0.06).Conclusion: Serum cortisol and cortisone and total urinary corticosteroid metabolites are associated with alterations in bone turnover markers even at replacement doses of hydrocortisone suggesting a potentially negative role of tissue-specific metabolism of glucocorticoids on bone metabolism in patients receiving hydrocortisone replacement therapy.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs responding to iron deficiency in Oryza sativa
Authors: Wang Shoudong , Sun Shuo , Shou Huixia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Iron (Fe) plays a vital role in various cellular processes in plants, including chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis and respiration. Fe deficiency directly affects crop growth and development, ultimately resulting in reduced crop yield and quality. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been demonstrated to play critical regulatory roles in a multitude of pathways across numerous species. However, systematic screening of lncRNAs responding to Fe deficiency in plants has not been reported. In this work, genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs responsive to Fe deficiency were performed by strand-specific RNA sequencing in rice. Results: In total, 6477 lncRNAs were identified. In Fe-deficient conditions, 47 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 33 lncRNAs were down-regulated in shoots, while 89 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 32 lncRNAs were down-regulated in roots compared to normal conditions. The lncRNAs that were differentially expressed under Fe-sufficient and -deficient conditions appear to be clustered in the genome. Among five monocotyledon species, 88 lncRNAs were conserved, but only 3 lncRNAs responded to Fe deficiency in shoots. Two lncRNAs were identified as putative target mimics of miRNAs that respond to Fe deficiency. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that lncRNAs are involved in Fe-deficiency signaling pathway in plants, providing a new pathway for further investigation into Fe-regulatory and response mechanisms.
Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: Yang Chong , Li Juanjuan , Islam Faisal , Hu Luyang , Wang Jiansu , Wang Jian , Xu Ling , Zhou Weijun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes and will be beneficial to crop improvement.
Fine mapping of a Phytophthora -resistance locus RpsGZ in soybean using genotyping-by-sequencing
Authors: Jiang Bingzhi , Cheng Yanbo , Cai Zhandong , Li Mu , Jiang Ze , Ma Ruirui , Yuan Yeshan , Xia Qiuju , Nian Hai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Phytophthora root rot (PRR) caused by Phytophthora sojae ( P. sojae ), is one of the most serious limitation to soybean-production in the world. Identification of resistant gene(s) and incorporating them into elite varieties are an effective way for breeding to prevent soybean from being harmed by this disease. A valuable mapping population of 228 F 8:11 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of resistant cultivar Guizao1 and susceptible cultivar BRSMG68 and a high-density genetic linkage map with an average distance of 0.81 centimorgan (cM) between adjacent bin markers in this population were used to map and explore the candidate gene(s).Results: In this study, the PRR resistance in Guizao1 was controlled by a single Mendelian locus, and was fine mapped to a 367.371-kb genomic region on chromosome 3 that harbours 19 genes, including 7 disease resistance (R)-like genes in the reference Willliams 82 genome. Quantitative real-time PCR assays of possible candidate genes revealed that Glyma.03g05300 was likely involved in PRR resistance.Conclusions: These findings of fine mapping of a novel Rps locus will serve as a basis for cloning, transferring of resistant genes and breeding of P. sojae resistant soybean cultivars through marker-assisted selection.
Growth hormone alleviates oxidative stress and improves IVF outcomes in Chinese women with poor ovarian response: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gong Yan , Zhang Kun , Xiong Dongsheng , Wei Jiajing , Tan Hao , Qin Shengfang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Oxidative stress (OS), defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) excessive production and antioxidant insufficient, has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of poor ovarian response (POR). Growth hormone (GH) can function reduce OS in some types of cells. This study investigated whether GH can significantly improve OS and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) outcomes in patients with POR.Methods This study enrolled 105 and 58 patients with and without POR (controls), respectively, diagnosed according to the Bologna criteria, who underwent conventional IVF-ET. Patients with POR were randomly assigned to two groups: POR-GH group: pretreatment with GH 4IU/d on day 2 of the previous menstrual cycle before IVF till the trigger day; POR-C group: no pretreatment. The markers of OS in follicle fluid (FF),reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in granulosa cells (GC), and IVF outcomes of the patients were compared between the three groups.Result(s) The endometrial thickness on trigger day, number of cleaved embryos, higher quality embryos, the rates of implantation and clinical pregnancy were significantly increased in POR-GH group compared with POR-C group (P<0.05). Moreover, the FF malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and ROS levels in GC were significantly higher,whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were significantly lower in POR-C group compared with non-POR group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the FF TAC was significantly increased, whereas TOS, OSI and intracellular ROS levels were significantly reduced in POR-GH group compared with POR-C group (P<0.05).Conclusion(s) Pretreatment with GH alleviated OS and improved oocyte quality and IVF outcomes in patients with POR.Clinical Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. ChiCTR1900021269. Registered 8 February 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=35837&htm=4.
The determinant of National Vitamin A supplementation in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Logistic Regression Analysis
Authors: Oumer Mohammed M. , Mengestu Zelalem , Yitayih Sewbesew , Mequanent Malede , Molla Ayenew 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem in many low-income countries including Ethiopia. Globally, the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency is estimated to be 190 million among children under-five age causing one up to two million deaths annually.Its periodic supply is a major intervention program to reduce the morbidity, mortality, and blindness among the children in Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine associated factors of national vitamin A supplementationamong children aged 6-59 monthsusing the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data. Methods: A population based cross-sectional study design wasperformed to determine factors associated with the vitamin A supplyamong children aged between 6 and 59 monthswithin the last six months before the start of the survey. A univariateanalysis, bivariate analysis, binary logistic regression, and generalized linear mixed effect model were appliedto analyze the data. Results: After adjusting for covariates; the odds of taking vitamin A supply were 1.3 times, 1.7 times, and 1.8 times higher among the women who had two, three, and four and above antenatal care visits, respectively. The mothers’ employment status, health cheek up after their delivery,and theirhealth facility delivery were positively influence the uptake of the vitamin A capsule. In addition,women residing in the communities with high proportion of the media exposure[AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) = 1.17 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.37)]were positively associated with the receipt of vitamin A capsule.Random effects indicated that the variation on the uptake of vitamin A supplementation between the communities was statistically significant in all stage of the models. Conclusions: The individual and community level characteristics had a significant influence on the uptake of vitamin A supplementation. Therefore, these factors should be considered in policy formulation and programming in order to improve the coverage of vitamin A supplementation in Ethiopia. Keywords: Vitamin A supply, associated factors, multilevellogistic regression analysis, Ethiopia
Success Rate of Three Capping Materials used in Pulpotomy of Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gawad Randa Youssef Abd Al , Hatem Rasha Mohamed 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Carious primary molars, symptomless, or with reversible pulpitis are most frequently treated with pulpotomy to maintain arch integrity, otherwise they would be extracted. The present study was conducted to assess clinically and radiographically the success rate of three capping materials: Nanohydroxyapatite (NHA), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Formocresol (FC) in pulpotomy of primary molars.Methods: A clinical trial was carried out on healthy, four to eight years old children, with 72 second primary molars indicated for pulpotomy. Molars were divided into 3 equal groups (24 teeth each) designated to NHA (group 1), MTA (group 2) and FC (group 3) as pulp medicaments. Treated teeth were finally restored with stainless steel crowns. Subjects were monitored clinically and radiographically at three, six- and twelve-months time intervals. The difference in success rate between groups at the same time point was evaluated using Chi square test. Significant level was set at p <0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using a commercially available software program SPSS version 21.Results: The highest overall success was recorded in MTA group (90.5%), followed by FC group (76.2%). The least overall success was found in NHA group (72.2%). Statistical analysis of data revealed that the difference between the three groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions: MTA is still the material of choice for pulpotomy in primary molars. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the use of NHA as a potential alternative to MTA.Trial registration: This trial was registered on Clincal.Trial.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov.), on February 8, 2019 (Retrospectively registered). The protocol ID is 181053. The Identifier is NCT03833557.
The Challenges of Health Services at Senior Centers in an Urban South Korean Community: A Mixed-Method Approach, Focusing on the Role of Nurses
Authors: Yun Mi Ra , Lee Soo Jin , Song Misoon , Seo Kyoungsan , Choi Jeong Shil , Ko Ha Na , Choi Suyoung , Yu Boas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to identify the current challenges of health services provided by senior centers in South Korea and to determine recommendations for improving service to community-dwelling older adults, focusing on the nurse’s role. Methods Quantitative data were obtained from a survey of 30 nurses at senior centers in Seoul, South Korea. In addition, focus group interviews were conducted with 6 senior center nurses, 5 health experts, and 4 attendees of senior centers (n = 15). Content analysis was performed to analyze the qualitative data. Results The study results revealed several challenges, including insufficient health services; a lack of human resources; non-systematic and overlapping health services; and a lack of legal clarification of nurses’ roles. Our recommendations for improvement are that senior centers should: focus on disease prevention and chronic disease management; be hubs to connect health and welfare services; empower nurse’s role and capacity; and establish legal regulation and adequate staffing for nurses. Conclusions These findings are important for improving the senior centers in playing a key role in contributing to health promotion, disease prevention, and chronic disease management among older individuals in South Korea.
Mastery and self-esteem mediate the association between visual acuity and mental health: a population-based longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Aa Hilde PA van der , Maaswinkel Ivar M , Rens Ger HMB van , Beekman Aartjan TF , Twisk Jos WR , Nispen Ruth MA van 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background With deteriorating eyesight, people often become dependent on others for many aspects of their daily lives. As a result, they feel less ‘in control’ and experience lower self-esteem. Lower sense of mastery and self-esteem are known to predict depression, but their roles in people with visual impairment remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of mastery and self-esteem on the relationship between visual acuity and mental health. Methods A longitudinal cohort study was performed using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA). Data on vision was available from the fifth cycle (2001), with a mean follow-up of 5.9 years. A community-based population was studied, containing older adults from eleven municipalities in three culturally distinct geographical regions in the Netherlands. A total of 2599 older adults (aged 55 to 85 years at baseline) were included, who were randomly selected from population registers in 1992. The first (2001) and last (2012) included measurements contained 1961 and 1522 participants, respectively. Primary study outcomes were logMAR visual acuity, sense of mastery, self-esteem, depression and anxiety. Instead of standard questionnaire scores, latent trait scores (θ) were obtained through -) Item Response Theory (IRT-) analysis. Results Mean age was 72 years, with 56% females and 2% qualifying as low vision. Visual impairment was associated with a lower sense of mastery (β = -0.477, p < 0.001), lower self-esteem (β = -0.166, p = 0.008) and more depression (β = 0.235, p < 0.001). No significant association between visual acuity and anxiety was found. The relationship between visual acuity and depression was mediated partially by self-esteem (25%) and fully by sense of mastery (76%). Conclusions Vision loss was associated with depression. This association was mediated by self-esteem and sense of mastery. This provides us with new possibilities to identify, support and treat those at risk for developing depression by aiming to increase their self-esteem and sense of mastery.
miR-103 promotes the progression of non-Hodgkins lymphoma by inhibiting OTUD7B expression
Authors: Wang Chong , Wu Yating , Li Mengya , Wang Shujuan , Liu Yanfang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital for regulating the malignant phenotypes of tumor cells. The purpose of this work is to investigate the function and downstream mechanism of miR-103 in the progression of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Methods and Materials Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to detect miR-103 and OTU deubiquitinase 7B (OTUD7B) mRNA expressions in NHL tissues and cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of OTUD7B in NHL tissues and cells. CCK-8 experiment, flow cytometry analysis, and Transwell experiment were used to detect the role of NHL cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Bioinformatics, qRT-PCR, Western blot and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to validate the targeting relationship between miR-103 and OTUD7B. NF-κB p65 luciferase reporter assay and Western blot were applied to determine NF-κB activity and the expression of NF-κB targeted genes. Results Compared to normal tissues and cells, miR-103 expression levels were remarkably up-regulated in NHL tissues and cell lines. The up-regulation of miR-103 dramatically promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of NHL cells and inhibited apoptosis. Conversely, down-regulating miR-103 significantly inhibited malignant phenotypes of the NHL cells. Additionally, OTUD7B was identified as a target gene of miR-103, and miR-103 increased NF-κB activity indirectly via repressing OTUD7B. Conclusion The miR-103/OTUD7B/NF-κB axis is involved in NHL progression.
The ERG1 Potassium Channel is More Abundant in Skeletal Muscle from Cachectic than Healthy Humans
Authors: Zampieri Sandra , Sandri Marco , Cheatwood Joseph L. , Balaraman Rajesh P. , Anderson Luke B. , Cobb Brittan A. , Latour Chase D. , Hockerman Gregory H. , Kern Helmut , Sartori Roberta , Ravara Barbara , Merigliano Stefano , Dalt Gianfranco Da , Davie Judith K. , Kohli Punit , Carraro Ugo , Pond Amber L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The ERG1a potassium channel has been detected in the atrophying skeletal muscle of mice experiencing either muscle disuse or cancer cachexia and further evidenced to contribute to muscle deterioration by enhancing ubiquitin proteolysis; however, to our knowledge, ERG1 has not been reported in human skeletal muscle. Methods and Results: Here, using immunohistochemistry, we detect ERG1 immunofluorescence in human Rectus abdominis skeletal muscle sarcolemma. Further, using single point brightness data, we report detection of ERG1 immunofluorescence at low levels in the Rectus abdominis muscle sarcolemma of young adult humans and show that it trends toward greater levels (10.6%) in healthy aged adults. Interestingly, we detect ERG1 immunofluorescence at a statistically greater level (53.6%; p<0.05) in the skeletal muscle of older people having cancer cachexia than in age-matched adults. Importantly, using immunoblot, we reveal that ERG1 protein is 38% (p<0.09) more abundant in the skeletal muscle of cachectic older adults than in healthy age-matched controls. Additionally, we report that the ERG1 fluorescent pattern is consistent with I-band localization. Conclusions: The data suggest that ERG1 may be related to muscle loss in humans and is located in t-tubules where it could influence calcium handling.