bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treaties with indigenous peoples in Canada – a not so serious essay
Authors: Moreira Felipe Kern 
Published: June 2020

In contemporary Public International Law, the term ‘treaties’ has a precise meaning: it means “an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law” . Therefore, some may think that contemporary sovereign states understand the legal concept of a treaty is different from the historical context in which the Indigenous People of Canada negotiated those constitutive rights with the British Crown. In Canada, there are several different treaties with Indigenous Peoples regarding different sorts of rights. The case of the treaties with the First Nations of Canada is a matter of searching for fairness. In the transition from colonial North America to modern Canada, the full meaning of the treaties with the Indigenous Nations was at least subverted. This statement is not a moral judgment; it is a legal as well as political issue ipso facto.
Perspectives ethnolinguistiques sur une population francophone du Nord-Est ontarien
Authors: Boissonneault Julie 
Published: June 2020

Comme sujet de sa troisième étude dans nos Cahiers Charlevoix, Julie Boissonneault a choisi d’explorer le fonds d’histoire orale, constitué par Gaétan Gervais et ses collaborateurs à l’été 1979, destiné à consigner les témoignages de pionniers franco-ontariens du Nord-Est établis entre Mattawa et Elliot Lake. Après un premier et nécessaire traitement des 230 entretiens pour assurer la sauvegarde des enregistrements de la collection, on a pu lancer l’opération de transcription. Pour ce premier essai, l’auteure a retenu 76 des 140 entretiens présentement accessibles. Elle les examine dans une perspective ethnolinguistique, qui conjugue la présentation ethnographique des discours tenus et la présentation des faits langagiers dans lesquels ils sont énoncés. La langue est ainsi mise de l’avant en tant que vecteur d’un « patrimoine culturel immatériel » : les mots de la langue commune et ceux des savoir-faire professionnels et artisanaux témoignent d’un groupe culturel donné, d’une époque précise et d’une région particulière, car les informateurs, témoins privilégiés de l’établissement de la région, y parlent de leur vécu. Cette analyse rend hommage au travail de notre regretté collègue en révélant toute la richesse d’un corpus qui sommeillait depuis quatre décennies ; la lecture de linguiste que pratique Julie Boissonneault laisse déjà entrevoir les réflexions futures que des ethnologues, des historiens, des sociologues ou des géographes voudront peut-être en tirer.
Frères, repoussoirs ou étrangers ? La « diaspora » francophone dans la conscience historique des intellectuels et militants nationalistes du Québec : l’exemple de L’Action nationale (1970-1995)
Authors: Bock Michel 
Published: June 2020

En dernier lieu, Michel Bock aborde un sujet encore peu étudié : la conception que se sont faite les nationalistes québécois des minorités francophones au lendemain des États généraux du Canada français jusqu’au second référendum sur la souveraineté du Québec (1970-1995). Les historiens présentent souvent la Révolution tranquille comme le moment au cours duquel l’ancienne conception « diasporique » de la « nation canadienne-française » se serait définitivement éteinte, renvoyant le Québec et les minorités francophones dos à dos. Pour vérifier cette assertion, il examine la place que ces minorités occupent dans la revue mensuelle L’Action nationale, l’un des principaux porte-étendard du mouvement nationaliste québécois. L’analyse de la représentation des Franco-Ontariens, des Acadiens et des autres composantes de l’Amérique française dans la conscience historique des nationalistes québécois donne des résultats parfois étonnants et montre que ces communautés ont continué, pendant toute la période à l’étude, de représenter un enjeu symbolique de première importance pour eux. Si les uns concevaient le Québec comme le foyer d’une nation transfrontalière chargé de responsabilités plus ou moins lourdes envers la « diaspora », les autres en viendraient, quoique beaucoup plus tardivement, à le concevoir comme une collectivité « neuve » ayant rompu avec la conscience historique du Canada français et « exculturé » les communautés francophones situées à l’extérieur de ses frontières. Ainsi, la représentation que l’on se faisait des groupes francophones minoritaires, tantôt « consubstantiels » au Québec, tantôt « étrangers », oscillait entre différents pôles traduisant l’existence d’un vif débat sur le type d’action politique et d’intégration nationale qu’il lui fallait privilégier.
A new large canopy-dwelling species ofPhyllodytesWagler, 1930 (Anura, Hylidae) from the Atlantic Forest of the state of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Dias Iuri R. , Novaes-e-Fagundes Gabriel , Neto Antonio Mollo , Zina Juliana , Garcia Caroline , Recoder Renato Sousa , Vechio Francisco Dal , Rodrigues Miguel Trefaut , Solé Mirco 
Published: June 2020

The known diversity of treefrogs of the genusPhyllodyteshas rapidly increased in recent years, currently comprising 14 species. Recent field work in the Atlantic Rainforest of the state of Bahia lead to the discovery of a new large species ofPhyllodyteswhich is herein described based on multiple evidence including morphological, acoustical and genetic data.Phyllodytessp. nov. is one of the largest species within the genus and presents immaculate yellowish dorsum and limbs. The advertisement call of the species is composed of 7–31 notes (half pulsed/pulsatile-half harmonic) with frequency-modulated harmonics.Phyllodytessp. nov. has a karyotype of 2n = 22 chromosomes, as also found in other species of the genus. Genetic distance values of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA amongPhyllodytessp. nov. and its congeners range between 6.4 to 10.2%. The description of another new species for this state reinforces the need for further taxonomic work withPhyllodytesin this region that has been revealed as a priority area for research and conservation of this genus.
A study of the interplay effect for VMAT SBRT using a four‐axes motion phantom
Authors: Leste Jermey , Medjahed Imene , Arnaud François‐Xavier , Ferrand Regis , Franceries Xavier , Bardies Manuel , Simon Luc 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo assess the accuracy of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) when treating moving targets (such as lung or liver lesions), focusing on the impact of the interplay effect in the event of complex breathing motion and when a gating window is used.MethodsA dedicated programmable motion platform was implemented. This platform can carry large quality assurance (QA) phantoms and achieve complex three‐dimensional (3D) motion. Volumetric modulated arc therapy SBRT plans were delivered with TrueBeam linac to this moving setup and the measured dose was compared to the computed one. Several parameters were assessed such as breathing period, dose rate, dose prescription, shape of the breathing pattern, the use of a planning target volume (PTV) margin, and the use of a gating window.ResultsLoss of dose coverage (D95%) was acceptable in most situations. The doses received by 95% of the CTV, D95% (

) ranged from 94 to 101% (mean 98%) and the doses received by 2% of the CTV D2% (

) ranged from 94% to 110% of the prescribed dose. A visible interplay effect was observed when no margin was used or when the number of breathing cycles during the treatment delivery was lower than 20.ConclusionsIn our clinical context, treating lung and liver lesions using VMAT SBRT is reasonable. The interplay effect was moderated and acceptable in all simulated situations.
Embracing complexity in research on learning from examples and from problem solving
Authors: Scheiter Katharina 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis contribution is a commentary to a special issue titled “Example‐based learning: New theoretical perspectives and advances to a contemporary instructional approach” published in Applied Cognitive Psychology (2020). In the commentary, the presented research is discussed with respect to three extensions compared with previous research, namely, theoretical frameworks, learning scenarios and domains. It concludes with some suggestions for methodological advancements.
Dirhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Alkyne‐Containing α‐Diazoacetates for the Synthesis of Cycloalkynes
Authors: Zeng Qian , He Ciwang , Zhou Su , Dong Kuiyong , Qiu Lihua , Xu Xinfang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn efficient dirhodium(II)‐catalyzed macrocyclization reaction of alkyne‐containing diazoacetates through intramolecular metal carbene cyclopropanation is described. This method provides a variety of 12‐ to 22‐membered macrocyclic alkynes, which incorporate ortho‐aryl, cyclopropane, and cyclopropene units, in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.magnified image
Why Boron Nitride is such a Selective Catalyst for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane
Authors: Venegas Juan M. , Zhang Zisheng , Agbi Theodore O. , McDermott William P. , Alexandrova Anastassia , Hermans Ive 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBoron‐containing materials, and in particular boron nitride, have recently been identified as highly selective catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes such as propane. To date, no mechanism exists that can explain both the unprecedented selectivity, the observed surface oxyfunctionalization, and the peculiar kinetic features of this reaction. We combine catalytic activity measurements with quantum chemical calculations to put forward a bold new hypothesis. We argue that the remarkable product distribution can be rationalized by a combination of surface‐mediated formation of radicals over metastable sites, and their sequential propagation in the gas phase. Based on known radical propagation steps, we quantitatively describe the oxygen pressure‐dependent relative formation of the main product propylene and by‐product ethylene. Free radical intermediates most likely differentiate this catalytic system from less selective vanadium‐based catalysts.
An Intelligent DNA Nanorobot for Autonomous Anticoagulation
Authors: Yang Linlin , Zhao Yumeng , Xu Xuemei , Xu Kangli , Zhang Mingzhi , Huang Kui , Kang Huaizhi , Lin Hsiao‐chu , Yang Yang , Han Da 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArtificial nanorobots that can recognize molecular triggers and respond with programable operations provide an inspiring proof‐of‐principle for personalized theragnostic applications. We have constructed an intelligent DNA nanorobot for autonomous blood anticoagulation in human plasma. The DNA nanorobot comprises a barrel‐shaped DNA nanostructure as the framework and molecular reaction cascades embedded as the computing core. This nanorobot can intelligently sense the concentration of thrombin in the local environment and trigger an autonomous anticoagulation when excess thrombin is present. The triggering concentration of thrombin at which the nanorobot responds can be tuned arbitrarily to avoid possible side effects induced by excess thrombin. This makes the nanorobot useful for autonomous anticoagulation in various medical scenarios and inspires a more efficient and safer strategy for future personalized medicine.
Shape memory thin films of polyurethane: Synthesis, characterization, and recovery behavior
Authors: Dehaghani Maryam Zarghami , Kaffashi Babak 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolyurethane thin films with inherent two phase segregated characters are exceptional candidates for the development of shape memory materials. However, controlling the phase behavior of such complex structures for decoding their recovery behavior still experiences its early stage of development. In this work, polyurethane thin films were synthesized based on two polyols, ester‐based polyols (ESP), and ether‐based polyols (ETP) together with diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The effects of ingredient ratio of PETP (ether‐based prepolymer)/PESP (ester‐based prepolymer) on the chemical structure and final properties of polyurethanes were studied by the Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), a tensiometer, and the atomic force microscopy (AFM). The shape memory behaviors were explored by the thermomechanical cycles applied by a DMTA device in the controlled force mode. The PU films showed various properties compared with the bulk PU since they formed spherulitic textures with different structures. All the PU films except PU‐0 showed high shape recovery ca. 90% in the first cycle with a large glassy storage modulus in the range of 2,800–4,040MPa, and a recovery ratio enhanced by increasing the number of cycle to a maximum of 95%.
Canine cruciate ligament ruptures: Implications for financial costs and human health
Authors: Toth Sharon A. , Siegel Michael I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs is homologous to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in humans. Factors that place an individual at‐risk for noncontact ruptures are not clearly defined in humans or dogs. Cyclic variation in human females as well as early spay/neuter in canines has frequently implicated hormonal variation, however these factors do not fully explain the human dimorphic or canine breed rupture rates. The present study examined dogs as a proxy model for humans to better understand the covariance. A random clinical data sample from the Oklahoma State University Veterinary Hospital was obtained on (n= 29) CCL surgical cases and nonsurgical (n= 28) controls. A statistical test for association of spay/neuter with CCL rupture was significant (chi‐square = 21.7,p < .01). Sex balance between the groups was not significantly (p > .01) different. Data on other variables related to morphometric variability such as the tibial plateau angle was not available on the nonsurgical sample and comparisons could only be made to values from the literature. Though there may have been sample bias, this preliminary study found that more large than small dogs were represented in the surgical sample. Our results also support the claim that spayed/neutered dogs are more likely to rupture their CCL than intact dogs. Given the high costs of surgical repair, both for canines and humans, we argue for multivariate studies that investigate the interaction of variables in a larger subject sample which can provide comparable data on all parameters.
Mouse period1 gene expression recording from olfactory bulb under free moving conditions with a portable optic fibre device
Authors: Ito Ryoga , Hamada Kazuko , Kasahara Shigeru , Kikuchi Yoshihiro , Nakajima Kanako , Sutherland Kenneth , Shirato Hiroki , Ozaki Michitaka , Ishikawa Masayori , Hamada Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBecause the disruption of circadian clock gene is a risk factor in many diseases such as obesity and cancer, it is important to monitor and analyzed the expression of the rhythm of the clock gene throughout the body over a long period of time. Although we previously reported on a new gene expression analysis system tracking a target position on the body surface of freely moving mice, the experimental apparatus required a large space. We have therefore developed an in vivo recording system using a portable photomultiplier tube (PMT) system attached to an optical fibre. Directly connecting the target area with the device, we could easily measure the photon counts in a very small space. However, little information is known about the characteristics of optical fibres when exposed to twisting/looping in association with a moving mouse and the effect of the surface of optical fibre. In the present study, we report on the characteristics of optical fibres to detect gene expression rhythm in freely moving mice. Using this portable optical device directly connected with a target area, we were able to measure the circadian rhythm of clock gene expression over a prolonged period in freely moving mice in a small space.
The challenges and experiences of psychotherapists working remotely during the coronavirus* pandemic
Authors: McBeath Alistair Graham , du Plock Simon , Bager‐Charleson Sofie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe experiences and challenges of psychotherapists working remotely during the coronavirus pandemic were explored using a mixed‐methods approach. An online survey completed by 335 psychotherapists produced both quantitative and qualitative data with the latter being subject to a reflexive thematic analysis. Large numbers of therapists were using video‐link platforms and the telephone to conduct client sessions. A majority of therapists felt challenged by remote working, with reduced interpersonal cues, feelings of isolation and fatigue, and technical issues frequently cited concerns. At the same time, most therapists considered that remote working had been effective and that clients were comfortable with the process. Two‐thirds of therapists indicated that remote working would now become core business for them. The great majority of therapists thought that remote working skills should be part of formal therapy trainings.
High Frequency of Previous Abuse and Missed Diagnoses Prior to Abusive Head Trauma: A Consecutive Case Series of 100 Forensic Examinations
Authors: Laurent‐Vannier Anne , Bernard Jonathan Y. , Chevignard Mathilde 
Published: June 2020

This study describes the frequency of signs and symptoms of abuse and missed diagnoses prior to the diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants. Data were from a retrospective observational study of 100 consecutive cases of infants diagnosed with AHT over a seven‐year period. The most frequent symptom leading to the diagnosis was a loss of consciousness (68%) that always occurred inside a home (parents' or nanny's), never outside. Diagnosis was established using criteria based on the child's lesions and the alleged history. Lesions leading to diagnosis were described: 99 per cent had multifocal subdural haematoma (SDH) located in four areas including lateral space, interhemispheric, tentorium cerebelli and vertex; 60 per cent had a rupture of bridging veins. Previous abuse was found in 79 per cent of cases, of whom 75 per cent underwent medical consultations that did not result in a diagnosis of abuse. The main signs and symptoms of previous abuse were repeated vomiting without fever or diarrhoea (62%), abnormal head circumference increase (49%) and bruises (38%). These results suggest a higher frequency of repeated abuse than previous studies and highlight the great challenges most professionals encounter to evoke and set the diagnosis of abuse.‘This study describes the frequency of signs and symptoms of abuse and missed diagnoses prior to the diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants’Key Practitioner Messages

Prior signs and symptoms suggestive of abuse are particularly frequent in infants diagnosed with AHT.
Abuse must be detected as early as possible in order to avoid recurrences.
Diagnostic criteria, based on clinical history and lesions including multifocal subdural haematoma, rupture of bridging veins, retinal haemorrhages, and spinal cord injury have been defined to enable diagnosis of AHT.
Tuberculous peritonitis masquerading as carcinomatosis
Authors: Motoa Gabriel , Alvarez Salvador 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTuberculous peritonitis may debut with unspecific symptoms that can pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. We present a patient with tuberculous peritonitis masquerading as carcinomatosis. High clinical suspicion, appropriate identification of bacterial isolates of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and susceptibility testing are crucial to select target therapy.
Preparation of High‐Purity Chlorine Dioxide by Combined Reduction
Authors: Qi Minghui , Yi Tan , Mo Qi , Huang Lijie , Zhao Hanyu , Xu Hao , Huang Chongxing , Wang Shuangfei , Liu Yang , Hui Zhao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn pulp bleaching, water treatment, and other applications, chlorine dioxide has the advantages of high‐efficiency oxidation. The technology of preparing chlorine dioxide by combination reduction is widely used in domestic papermaking enterprises. However, in the actual production process, the chlorine dioxide solution still contains a small amount of chlorine gas and methanol. Therefore, here, the process of preparing chlorine dioxide by combination reduction was further optimized to improve the utilization rate of raw materials and product purity. In this study, a new production process of chlorine dioxide with lower cost, higher purity, no pollution, and good security and reliability was developed.
Near‐infrared multivariate model transfer for quantification of different hydrogen bonding species in aqueous systems
Authors: Xu Jun‐Li , Dorrepaal Ronan M. , Martinez‐Gonzalez Jose , Tsenkova Roumiana , Gowen Aoife A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is challenging to achieve consistent quantification of hydrogen‐bonded water species by fitting Gaussian bands on spectra collected from different instruments, especially when the spectral resolution is low. Therefore, this work aims to propose a near‐infrared (NIR) multivariate calibration model transfer method to obtain reliable, consistent, and reproducible results from different spectroscopic instruments. A composite method of Gaussian deconvolution, multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares (MCR‐ALS), and partial least squares (PLS) was developed to quantify five water species (labeled as C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5), respectively, assigned to non‐hydrogen‐bonded, singly hydrogen‐bonded, doubly and triply hydrogen‐bonded species, distorted ice‐like structures in the liquid phase, and fully hydrogen‐bonded species showing ice‐like structure. Primary instrument (iS50) was selected due to the highest spectral resolution and spectra (7500–5845 cm−1 with spectral resolution of 0.5 cm−1) were acquired from four types of salt solutions. The developed PLS model yielded a high prediction performance when applied on two independent prediction sets with R2P higher than 0.95 and RMSEP less than 0.009 for prediction of C1‐5. Model built with primary spectra was successfully transferred to spectra of secondary instrument (iN10), producing RMSEP less than 0.010. Transferred model applied on secondary instruments (NIRECO and MPA) showed that fully H‐bonded species in deionized water decreased as temperature increased, while non‐hydrogen‐bonded and singly hydrogen‐bonded demonstrated an opposite temperature dependence. Our results confirmed that it is promising to transfer the calibration model from a sophisticated spectrometer to a simple spectroscopic instrument in terms of quantification of hydrogen‐bonded water species.
Well‐Defined, Molecular Bismuth Compounds: Catalysts in Photochemically Induced Radical Dehydrocoupling Reactions
Authors: Ramler Jacqueline , Krummenacher Ivo , Lichtenberg Crispin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series of diorgano(bismuth)chalcogenides, [Bi(di‐aryl)EPh], has been synthesised and fully characterised (E=S, Se, Te). These molecular bismuth complexes have been exploited in homogeneous photochemically‐induced radical catalysis, using the coupling of silanes with TEMPO as a model reaction (TEMPO=(tetramethyl‐piperidin‐1‐yl)‐oxyl). Their catalytic properties are complementary or superior to those of known catalysts for these coupling reactions. Catalytically competent intermediates of the reaction have been identified. Applied analytical techniques include NMR, UV/Vis, and EPR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, and (TD)‐DFT calculations.