bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Exposure and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Finland: A Nationwide Case‐Control Study
Authors: Mertsalmi Tuomas H. , Pekkonen Eero , Scheperjans Filip 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundGut microbiota alterations have been found in prodromal and established Parkinson's disease (PD). Antibiotic exposure can have long‐term effects on the composition of human intestinal microbiota, but a potential connection between antibiotic exposure and risk of PD has not been studied previously.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of antibiotic exposure on the risk of PD in a nationwide, register‐based, case‐control study.MethodsWe identified all patients who were diagnosed with PD in Finland during the years 1998 to 2014. Information was obtained on individual purchases of orally administered antibiotics during the years 1993 to 2014. We assessed the association between prior antibiotic exposure and PD using conditional logistic regression.ResultsThe study population consisted of 13,976 PD cases and 40,697 controls. The strongest connection with PD risk was found for oral exposure to macrolides and lincosamides (adjusted odds ratio up to 1.416; 95% confidence interval, 1.053–1.904). After correction for multiple comparisons, exposure to antianaerobics and tetracyclines 10 to 15 years before the index date, sulfonamides and trimethoprim 1 to 5 years before the index date, and antifungal medications 1 to 5 years before the index date were positively associated with PD risk. In post hoc analyses, further positive associations were found for broad‐spectrum antibiotics.ConclusionsExposure to certain types of oral antibiotics seems to be associated with an elevated risk of PD with a delay that is consistent with the proposed duration of a prodromal period. The pattern of associations supports the hypothesis that effects on gut microbiota could link antibiotics to PD, but further studies are needed to confirm this. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Extensive genic and allelic heterogeneity underlying inherited retinal dystrophies in Mexican patients molecularly analyzed by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Zenteno Juan C. , García‐Montaño Leopoldo A. , Cruz‐Aguilar Marisa , Ronquillo Josué , Rodas‐Serrano Agustín , Aguilar‐Castul Luis , Matsui Rodrigo , Vencedor‐Meraz Carlos I. , Arce‐González Rocío , Graue‐Wiechers Federico , Gutiérrez‐Paz Mario , Urrea‐Victoria Tatiana , de Dios Cuadras Ulises , Chacón‐Camacho Oscar F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRetinal dystrophies (RDs) are one of the most genetically heterogeneous monogenic disorders with ~270 associated loci identified by early 2019. The recent application of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has greatly improved the molecular diagnosis of RD patients. Genetic characterization of RD cohorts from different ethnic groups is justified, as it would improve the knowledge of molecular basis of the disease. Here, we present the results of genetic analysis in a large cohort of 143 unrelated Mexican subjects with a variety of RDs.MethodsA targeted NGS approach covering 199 RD genes was employed for molecular screening of 143 unrelated patients. In addition to probands, 258 relatives were genotyped by Sanger sequencing for familial segregation of pathogenic variants.ResultsA solving rate of 66% (95/143) was achieved, with evidence of extensive loci (44 genes) and allelic (110 pathogenic variants) heterogeneity. Forty‐eight percent of the identified pathogenic variants were novel while ABCA4, CRB1, USH2A, and RPE65 carried the greatest number of alterations. Novel deleterious variants in IDH3B and ARL6 were identified, supporting their involvement in RD. Familial segregation of causal variants allowed the recognition of 124 autosomal or X‐linked carriers.ConclusionOur results illustrate the utility of NGS for genetic diagnosis of RDs of different populations for a better knowledge of the mutational landscape associated with the disease.
Interleukin‐1 Receptor‐1 Deficiency Impairs Metabolic Function in Pregnant and Non‐Pregnant Female Mice
Authors: Plows Jasmine F , Vickers Mark H , Ganapathy Thashma P , Bridge‐Comer Pania E , Stanley Joanna L , Reynolds Clare M 
Published: November 2019

ScopeGlucose intolerance during pregnancy is associated with short‐ and long‐term maternal and offspring health consequences. In young male mice, knockout of the major pro‐inflammatory mediator interleukin‐1‐receptor‐1 (IL1R1) protects against high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced glucose intolerance and metabolic dysfunction. This phenotype has not been examined during pregnancy. The hypothesis that IL1R1 depletion will protect females against HFD‐induced glucose intolerance and metabolic dysfunction before, during, and post pregnancy is tested.Methods and resultsC57BL/6J control and IL1R1 knockout (IL1R1−/−) mice are randomized to either a control diet (10% kcal from fat) or HFD (45% kcal from fat), and three distinct cohorts are established: nulliparous, pregnant, and postpartum females. Contrary to the authors’ hypothesis, it is found that IL1R1−/− does not protect against glucose intolerance in nulliparous or pregnant females, and while control HFD animals see a resolution of glucose tolerance postpartum, IL‐1R1−/− mice remain impaired. These effects are accompanied by adipocyte hypertrophy, hyperleptinemia, and increased adipose tissue inflammatory gene expression. Maternal genotype differentially affects fetal growth in male and female fetuses, demonstrating sexual dimorphism in this genotype prior to birth.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that IL1R1 signaling is important for normal metabolic functioning in females, during and outside of pregnancy.
Radiation characteristics enhancement of dual‐polarized antipodal Vivaldi antenna using double‐slot structure
Authors: Kim Woojoong , Park Jinsung , Park Hyeon‐Gyu , Yoon Young J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this article, a dual‐polarized double‐slot antipodal Vivaldi antenna (DP‐DsAVA) is proposed to solve the problem of conventional four‐element dual‐polarized antipodal Vivaldi antennas in that the side lobe level increases as frequency increases, and a grating lobe is generated at frequencies above one octave. The DP‐DsAVA comprises two modified double‐slot antipodal Vivaldi antennas (DsAVAs), which are suitable for dual‐polarized implementation through incision and intersection, and each crossed DsAVA implements each polarization separately. Therefore, the proposed antenna does not produce a grating lobe within the operating frequency range, and it has a lower side lobe level compared to that of a conventional antenna. Measurements of the proposed antenna indicate that its impedance bandwidth is 5.4 to 16.4 GHz, and no grating lobe occurs within this bandwidth. At the operating frequency, the gain is 8.4 to 10.6 dBi, and the cross‐polarization level is below −18 dB.
Compensation method for signal drift induced by time delay difference in phase retrieval algorithm for distributed fiber interferometry using asymmetric 3 × 3 coupler
Authors: Li Churui , Ye Zi , Yan Yuze , Wang Chao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhase retrieval algorithm is an important part of optic‐fiber interferometry system. In this article, drift of the retrieved signal caused by the time delay difference between two interference signals from asymmetric 3 × 3 coupler is theoretically analyzed, and a compensation algorithm to solve this problem is proposed. Through simulation and experiment in real sensing system, the compensation algorithm can effectively eliminate the signal drift induced by the time delay difference, and enhance the accuracy of the signal in real sensing system.
Performance comparison of prediction filters for respiratory motion tracking in radiotherapy
Authors: Jöhl Alexander , Ehrbar Stefanie , Guckenberger Matthias , Klöck Stephan , Meboldt Mirko , Zeilinger Melanie , Tanadini‐Lang Stephanie , Schmid Daners Marianne 
Published: November 2019

PurposeIn precision radiotherapy, the intrafractional motion causes substantial uncertainty. Traditionally, the target volume is expanded to cover the tumor in all positions. Alternative approaches are gating and adaptive tracking, which require a time delay as small as possible between the actual tumor motion and the reaction to effectively compensate the motion. Current treatment machines often exhibit large time delays. Prediction filters offer a promising means to mitigate these time delays by predicting the future respiratory motion.MethodsA total of 18 prediction filters were implemented and their hyperparameters optimized for various time delays and noise levels. A set of 93 traces were standardized to a sampling frequency of 25 Hz and smoothed using the Fourier transform with a 3 Hz cutoff frequency. The hyperparameter optimization was carried out with ten traces, and the optimal hyperparameters were evaluated on the remaining 83 traces.ResultsFor smooth traces, the wavelet least mean squares prediction filter and the linear filter reached normalized root mean square errors of below 0.05 for time delays of 160 and 480 ms, respectively. For noisy signals, the performance of the prediction filters deteriorated and led to similar results.ConclusionsLinear methods for prediction filters are sufficient for respiratory motion signals. Reducing the measurement noise generally improves the performance of the prediction filters investigated in this study, even during breathing irregularities.
Plasma membrane proteome of adhesion‐competent endometrial epithelial cells and its modulation by Rab11a
Authors: Kakar‐Bhanot Ruchi , Brahmbhatt Krupanshi , Kumar Vipin , Suryawanshi Amol R. , Srivastava Sanjeeva , Chaudhari Uddhav , Sachdeva Geetanjali 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHuman endometrial epithelium (EE) is composed of a multitude of proteins, amongst which those localized on the plasma membrane [plasma membrane proteins (PMPs)] are of critical relevance in the early stages of implantation. Evidence supports the key role of few PMPs in implantation. However, many remain unidentified, as efforts have not been made till date to generate the plasma membrane proteome of human EE cells, using a gel‐free approach. This study presents a protein catalog of the PMP enriched fraction of Ishikawa cell line; often used as an in vitro model for embryo‐adhesive EE. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry identified 3,598 proteins. Of these, 1,963 proteins were annotated for their membrane localization. Of 1,963 proteins, 1,321 were found to have a transmembrane domain and 43 proteins had glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Extensive data mining revealed endometrial expression of 943 proteins reported in humans and/or rodents. Further, quantitative alterations were observed in the plasma membrane proteome on the perturbation of intracellular trafficking. Silencing of Rab11a (known for its role in plasma membrane organization) expression caused alteration in the abundance of 74 proteins. Caveolin‐1 and EpCAM levels were reduced whereas Rab4a abundance increased in the PMP extracts of Rab11a deficient cells, compared with control cells. Briefly, the study reports the identity of several novel plasma membrane‐localized proteins. A major spin‐off of the study is the identification of novel proteins trafficked by Rab11a to the plasma membrane. Targeted analysis of novel PMPs may reveal their specific roles in endometrial receptivity and implantation.
Do women have an accurate perception of their pelvic floor muscle contraction? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Uechi Natalia , Fernandes Ana C. N. L. ,  Bø Kari , de Freitas Letícia M. , de la Ossa Aura M. P. , Bueno Sabrina M. , Ferreira Cristine H. J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTo assess women's self‐perception of their pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction and its agreement with an assessed PFM contraction. Further, to assess a possible correlation between women's self‐perception and reports of urinary incontinence (UI) and between PFM contraction and severity of UI.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study including 82 women. The study was conducted in a basic healthcare unit in Brazil. PFM contraction was assessed by a physiotherapist and estimated by women using the Modified Oxford Scale (MOS). UI symptoms were assessed using a validated questionnaire (ICIQ‐UI‐SF). A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. The weighted κ coefficient, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze data.ResultsEighty‐two women with a mean age of 46.83 (±17.94) were analyzed. The majority (98.8%) believed they were able to voluntarily contract their PFM, but only 33% correctly estimated their PFM considering the examiner assessment as reference. No agreement (κ = 0.139, P = .087) was found between the examiner's classification and the women's estimation of their PFM contraction. Women's self‐perception did not correlate with the ICIQ‐IU‐SF (r's = .011, P = .922). A moderate negative correlation was found between the assessed PFM contraction and the ICIQ‐UI‐SF score (r's = −.406, P = .00).ConclusionMost of the women did not show an accurate self‐perception of PFM contraction. No correlation between women's self‐perception and the ICIQ‐UI‐SF score was found, but a negative correlation was found between the assessed PFM contraction and the ICIQ‐UI‐SF score.
Optimal source placement for point coverage in active multistatic sonar networks
Authors: Craparo Emily , Karatas Mumtaz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe allocation of underwater sensors for tracking, localization, and surveillance purposes is a fundamental problem in anti‐submarine warfare. Inexpensive passive receivers have been heavily utilized in recent years; however, modern submarines are increasingly quiet and difficult to detect with receivers alone. Recently, the idea of deploying noncollocated sources and receivers has emerged as a promising alternative to purely passive sensor fields and to traditional sonar fields composed of collocated sources and receivers. Such a multistatic sonar network carries a number of advantages, but it also brings increased system complexity resulting from its unusual coverage patterns. In this work, we study the problem of optimally positioning active multistatic sonar sources for a point coverage application where all receivers and points of interest are fixed and stationary. Using a definite range sensor model, we formulate exact methods and approximation algorithms for this problem and compare these algorithms via computational experiments. We also examine the performance of these algorithms on a discrete approximation of a continuous area coverage problem and find that they offer a significant improvement over two types of random sensor deployment.
Feasibility of 31P spectroscopic imaging at 7 T in lung carcinoma patients
Authors: van Houtum Quincy (.Q.). , Mohamed Hoesein Firdaus (.F.A.A.). , Verhoeff Joost (.J.J.C.). , van Rossum Peter (.P.S.N.). , van Lindert Anne (.A.S.R.). , van der Velden Tijl (.T.A.). , van der Kemp Wybe (.W.J.M.). , Klomp Dennis (.D.W.J.). , Arteaga de Castro Catalina (.C.S.). 
Published: November 2019

Currently, it is difficult to predict effective therapy response to molecular therapies for the treatment of lung cancer based solely on anatomical images. 31P MR spectroscopic imaging could provide as a non‐invasive method to monitor potential biomarkers for early therapy evaluation, a necessity to improve personalized care and reduce cost. However, surface coils limit the imaging volume in conventional 31P MRSI. High‐energetic adiabatic RF pulses are required to achieve flip angle homogeneity but lead to high SAR. Birdcage coils permit use of conventional amplitude modulated pulses, even over large FOV, potentially decreasing overall SAR massively. Here, we investigate the feasibility of 3D 31P MRSI at 7 T in lung carcinoma patients using an integrated 31P birdcage body coil in combination with either a dual‐coil or a 16‐channel receiver.Simulations showed a maximum decrease in SNR per unit of time of 8% for flip angle deviations in short TR low flip‐angle excitation 3D CSI. The minimal SNR loss allowed for fast 3D CSI without time‐consuming calibration steps (>10:00 min.). 31P spectra from four lung carcinoma patients were acquired within 29:00 minutes and with high SNR using both receivers. The latter allowed discrimination of individual phosphodiesters, inorganic phosphate, phosphocreatine and ATP. The receiver array allowed for an increased FOV compared to the dual‐coil receiver.3D 31P‐CSI were acquired successfully in four lung carcinoma patients using the integrated 31P body coil at ultra‐high field. The increased spectral resolution at 7 T allowed differentiation of multiple 31P metabolites related to phospholipid and energy metabolism. Simulations provide motivation to exclude 31P B1 calibrations, potentially decreasing total scan duration. Employing large receiver arrays improves the field of view allowing for full organ coverage. 31P MRSI is feasible in lung carcinoma patients and has potential as a non‐invasive method for monitoring personalized therapy response in lung tumors.
A nonuniform L2 formula of Caputo derivative and its application to a fractional Benjamin–Bona–Mahony‐type equation with nonsmooth solutions
Authors: Lyu Pin , Vong Seakweng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo recover the full accuracy of discretized fractional derivatives, nonuniform mesh technique is a natural and simple approach to efficiently resolve the initial singularities that always appear in the solutions of time‐fractional linear and nonlinear differential equations. We first construct a nonuniform L2 approximation for the fractional Caputo's derivative of order 1 < α < 2 and present a global consistency analysis under some reasonable regularity assumptions. The temporal nonuniform L2 formula is then utilized to develop a linearized difference scheme for a time‐fractional Benjamin–Bona–Mahony‐type equation. The unconditional convergence of our scheme on both uniform and nonuniform (graded) time meshes are proven with respect to the discrete H1‐norm. Numerical examples are provided to justify the accuracy.
Transformation of tribological modelling of squeeze flows to simulate the flow of highly viscous adhesives and sealants in manufacturing processes
Authors: Müller Michael , Tong Yan , Fricke Holger , Vallée Till 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFor the description of the flow processes of an adhesive during pressing, existing CFD models are very complex and should be replaced by more efficient methods. The Partially Filled Gap (PFG) model developed for tribological systems, which is firmly established in practice, is used for this purpose. This paper shows an academic example of a comparison between a CFD calculation, the PFG model and an analytical solution based on the Reynolds equation, showing that the PFG method is well suitable to the problem presented. In an outlook the future potential of this approach is discussed.
Comparison of different models for stress singularities in higher order finite element methods for elastic waves
Authors: Bulling Jannis , Gravenkamp Hauke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this contribution, we present three models to capture singularities in combination with the Spectral Element Method. The first model, the continued‐fraction‐based Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method, the second model, a new approach based on enrichment with static modes, and the third model, which uses an hp‐refinement near the singularity, are compared among each other and evaluated in terms of their respective efficiency and accuracy.
Investigation of the Electrodeposition Parameters on the Coating Process on Open Porous Media
Authors: Grill Christine , Jung Anne , Diebels Stefan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPorous materials such as bones, sponges or cork are used in nature due to their light weight. Metal foams with stochastically distributed pores are such a porous bionic material based on nature. Their low weight and mechanical properties make them perfect for use in aerospace, automotive and building construction industry. To improve the mechanical properties, hybrid metal foams are produced consisting of a substrate foam with a coating applied by electrodeposition. An electrochemical coating cell consists of a positively charged anode and a negatively charged cathode. The metal of the anode is oxidised to a positively charged cation and electrons. The cation moves through the electrolyte to the cathode, where it is reduced back to the metal and electrons are consumed. Due to this process the cathode is coated with the anode material. The mass transport during the electroplating process can be divided into four parts: Convection, diffusion, migration and reaction. Convection is a forced flow, e.g. by pumping. Diffusion describes the movement caused by concentration gradients and the migration is the movement by an electric field. Reaction is the ion consumption at the cathode during the electrodeposition process and is therefore called sink. During the electrodeposition process, coating thickness inhomogeneities occur due to mass transport limitations [2,4] and lead to non‐uniform mechanical properties within the coated foams. These inhomogeneties motivate an investigation of the electrodeposition process and its parameters.
Model‐Free Adaptive Control Method Applied to Vibration Reduction of a Flexible Crane as MIMO System
Authors: Pham Hoang Anh , Söffker Dirk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractModel‐free adaptive control (MFAC) approaches are able to be used when system models are not available and some task‐ or system‐specific conditions are fulfilled. This avoids to require exact mathematical models with respect to consideration of modeling errors even in the case of nonlinear systems to be controlled. The control strategy denoted as model‐free when for controller design only the available system data is used. In this contribution based on the knowledge of MFAC, an extension of the existing approach is presented and applied to unknown multivariable systems. The main control idea is that an estimation of real‐time system parameters which represent system dynamical variations is realized by using only inputs and outputs. A novel control algorithm is derived by minimizing both output tracking error and its derivative. The designed controller is applied to a flexible crane, representing a class of MIMO systems. The simulation results demonstrate that the vibrations of a crane system could be reduced significantly.