bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Fluid Therapy by Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Hyperglycemic Emergencies
Authors: Dogan Serkan , Kalafat Utku Murat , Bildik Busra , Guven Ramazan , Ozucelik Dogac Niyazi , Dorter Melis , Cander Basar 
Published: October 2019

Aim: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) are among the cases where total body fluid deficit is high. Although it is known that dehydration is one of the main determinants of mortality and morbidity, it is difficult to determine and follow up fluid treatment in patients with multiple comorbidities. Measurement of the respiratory variability of the vena cava inferior diameter and vena cava inferior / aortic diameter measurement can be performed easily and quickly at the bedside and have a high objectivity compared to physical examination. In this study, we evaluated the follow-up of fluid therapy by POCUS with vena cava inferior diameter and vena cava inferior diameter / abdominal aortic diameter ratio in patients presenting with hyperglycemic emergencies (DKA, HHS, severe hyperglycemia).
Methodology: 56 patients diagnosed with severe hyperglycemia, DKA and HHS according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Vital signs, laboratory tests(venous blood gas analysis, complete urinalysis, osmolarity, fingertip blood glucose level), fluid volume and bedside ultrasonographic measurements [vena cava inferior inspiration and expiration (iVCI and eVCI) diameter,vena cava inferior colapsiability index (VCI index), abdominal aorta diameter and ratio of vena cava inferior to abdominal aorta diameter (VCI/Ao)] were recorded.
Results: Of the 56 patients, 21.4% were diagnosed with DKA 8.9%, HHS and 69.6% with severe hyperglycemia. There was a significant difference in osmolarity and although pH values ​​were not statistically significant, it tended to improve with the amount of fluid given. There was a significant difference in iVCI, VCI index and VCI/Ao.
Conclusion: We believe that planning and monitoring fluid treatment with bedside ultrasonographic VCI diameter and VCI/Ao ratio measurements will reduce the undesirable complications, the intensity of emergency services, long waiting time and follow-up periods and will contribute to patient benefit and emergency departments.
Cancer Cytotoxic and Anti-HIV Potential of Triphala Herb Mixture on from Chae Son, Lampang, Thailand
Authors: Pompimon Wilart , Sombutsiri Punchavee , Baison Wipanoot , Udomputtimekakul Phansuang , Chuajedton Angkhana , Wingwon Boonthawan , Suksen Kanoknetr , Limthongkul Jitra , Naparswad Chanita 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare the stability properties of the two years for the quality of Tri-Pha-La Herbal Drink, Thai traditional and Ayurvedic medicine. This study aimed to compare the anticancer and anti-HIV efficacy of the solvent extracts and gallic acid of the three fruits. The research was done between A.D. 2017 to A.D. 2018.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, the cancer cell lines, KB, HT 29, MCF-7, A 549, CL and ASK treated with Triphala fruits extract at concentrations of 4 mg/mL for 72 h except 48 for P-388) . The cytotoxic activity was expressed as 50% effective dose (ED50). In addition, anti-HIV activity of the all Triphala fruits solvent extracts was performed by anti-HIVs-1RT. The tested extracts were prescreened at 200 μg/mL and only those which were very active (≥70% inhibition) at this concentration were further determined for the dose, μM, that inhibited 50% HIV-1 RT activity (IC50). Moreover, anti-syncytium (MC99+1A2) was performed by the Triphala fruits extract. The results were expressed as the concentration that inhibited 50% formazan formation in uninfected cells (IC50). The therapeutic index (TI) was calculated using the equation: TI=IC50/EC50.
Results: The results were compared between years A.D. 2017/2018. Amongst six ethyl acetate and methanol extracts (A.D. 2017) showed less than 20 µg/mL cell viability in P-388 cell lines. However, the four ethyl acetate and methanol extracts (A.D. 2018) were also inhibited P-388 cell species. Furthermore, each gallic acid, isolated from three fruits Triphala (A.D.2017/2018) were also strongly inhibited to P-388 cell species. Anti-HIV-RT activity of the all Triphala fruits solvent extracts (A.D. 2017) except hexane extracts showed very active which is consistent with A.D. 2018.
Conclusion: P. emblica-ethyl acetate extract (A.D. 2018) was the most promising anti-syncytium (MC99+1A2) among evaluated all three fruits Triphala extracts: it afforded the lowest EC ₅₀ 8.85 µM and therapeutic index 2.10. The results evidently showed the capacity of Triphala as potential chemopreventive and anticancer drug and immunity.
Multiple exposures to poultry barn air and lipopolysaccharide synergistically increase the pulmonary expression of TLR-4 and IL-1β
Authors: Kaur Gaganpreet , Sethi Ram Saran 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Poultry farm workers are exposed to barn air and suffer from various respiratory disorders. Due to frequent prevalence of endotoxin in the farm settings workers can get co-exposed to barn air and endotoxin. The study was aimed to explore the pulmonary damage following long-term multiple exposures to poultry barn air with or without endotoxin.

Methods
We studied the pulmonary expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by exposing Swiss albino mice to poultry barn air for 6 days (Monday-Saturday) in a week for 5 and 10 weeks. At the end of exposure, animals were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or normal saline solution @80 μg/mouse intranasally. Histopathology, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood analysis were used to characterize lung damage. mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 and IL-1β were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Results
Histopathology along with TLC and DLC of blood and BAL fluid revealed lung damage following multiple exposures and damage was severe in combination with LPS. Exposures altered mRNA and protein expression of TLR-4 and IL-1β and the expression was more marked following 30 days of exposure. Further LPS co-challenge showed a synergistic effect on the expression of TLR4 and IL-1β.

Conclusions
The data suggest that long-term exposures with or without LPS caused lung damage and altered the pulmonary expression of TLR4 and IL-1β.
Electroencephalographic biomarkers of epilepsy development in patients with acute brain injury: a matched, parallel cohort study
Authors: Punia Vineet , Fitzgerald Zachary , Zhang Xiaoming , Huynh Huan , Bena James , Morrison Shannon , Newey Christopher R. , Hantus Stephen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study was designed to investigate if highly epileptic electroencephalogram (EEG) findings in patients with acute brain injury increase the long‐term risk of epilepsy development.MethodsAdults patients, lacking epilepsy history, with electrographic seizures or lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs) (cases) were identified and matched based on age, mental status, and etiology with the ones lacking any epileptiform activity (controls) on continuous EEG (cEEG) during hospitalization. The primary outcome of clinical seizures after hospital discharge and their antiepileptic drug (AED) status was determined using a telephonic interview. Logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations to account for the matched nature of the data were performed.ResultsA total of 70 cases [16 (22.9%) “LPDs only,” 34 (48.6%) “electrographic seizure only,” and 20 (28.6%) “both”] and controls were enrolled. A total of 22 (31.4%) cases developed epilepsy after a mean follow‐up duration of 20.6 ± 5.0 months compared to three (4.3%) controls. After adjusting for cEEG indication and follow‐up duration, the odds of cases developing epilepsy were almost 15 times higher compared to the controls (OR = 14.8, 95% CI = 2.4–92.3, P = 0.004). This elevated risk was despite a 10 times higher likelihood of cases to be taking AEDs at the last follow‐up (OR = 10.34, 95% CI = 3.7–29, P < 0.001).InterpretationHighly epileptic EEG findings in patients with acute brain injury may serve as prognostic biomarkers of epilepsy development. Although prospective studies are required to confirm our findings, it seems that with epilepsy developing in almost one‐third cases in less than 2‐year follow‐up period, such patients may potentially be ideal candidates for epilepsy prevention clinical trials.
High‐Performance Thermoresponsive Dual‐Output Dye System for Smart Textile Application
Authors: Zhang Wan , Ji Xiaozhou , Peng Bo‐Ji , Che Sai , Ge Fangqing , Liu Wenwen , Al‐Hashimi Mohammed , Wang Chaoxia , Fang Lei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSmart textiles exhibiting optical response to external temperature stimuli are promising functional materials for a wide range of applications. It is critical yet challenging to endow these materials with high‐contrast, vivid, and real‐time optical signals, such as changes in color or fluorescent emission, for the indication of heating and/or cooling. A thermoresponsive dye system featuring simultaneous thermochromism and thermofluorescence is developed and applied to dyeing of polyester fabrics. The dye system is constructed by encapsulating a solution of indenoquinacridone (IQA) in aliphatic alcohol into SiO2 nanoparticles. The dual‐output response relies on the mechanism of solvent‐modulated dissociation/aggregation of the IQA molecules. Upon heating, the dye system and the dyed fabric exhibit clear color change and high‐contrast, turned‐on fluorescence, in a real time and highly reversible manner. The thermoresponsive temperature can be tailored by varying the aliphatic alcohol solvent with different melting point. The integration of high‐contrast dual optical outputs into this programmable, robust, and reversible dye system lays the foundation for its employment in a wide range of challenging applications in smart textiles.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed β‐Indolylation of α‐Bromoenals with Indoles
Authors: Sun Shaofa , Lang Ming , Wang Jian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn unprecedented example of NHC‐catalyzed β‐indolylation of α‐bromoenals with indoles has been developed. This concise protocol features several advantages (mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope) and constructs synthetically useful building blocks, namely β‐biaryl methylene esters. Notably, the β‐biaryl methylene‐type fragment is widely found in natural products or pharmaceuticals.magnified image
Stereoselective Olefin Ring‐Opening Cross Metathesis Catalyzed by Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes
Authors: Momin Mohasin , Nagy Gergely M. , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe influence of the structure of cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts, i. e. of [Mo(N‐2‐tert‐butyl‐C6H4) (CHCMe2Ph)(NHC)X+ B(ArF)4−] (NHC=1,3‐di(2‐Pr)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (iPr), 1,3‐dimesitylimidazol‐2‐ylidene (IMes); X=pyrrolide, OCH(CF3)2, B(ArF)4−=tetrakis(3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate) and of [Mo(N‐3,5‐Me2‐C6H3)(CHCMe2Ph)(NHC)(CH3CN)X+ B(ArF)4−] (NHC=1,3‐dimesitylimidazol‐2‐ylidene, 1,3‐dimesitylimidazolin‐2‐ylidene (IMesH2); X=CF3SO3, OCPh(CF3)2) on E/Z‐selectivity in the ring‐opening cross‐metathesis (ROCM) of endo, endo‐2,3‐dicarbomethoxynorborn‐5‐ene (endo, endo‐DCMNBE), exo, exo‐2,3‐dicarbomethoxynorborn‐5‐ene (exo, exo‐DCMNBE), endo, exo‐2,3‐dicarbomethoxynorborn‐5‐ene ((+) DCMNBE) and 2,3‐exo,exo‐bis(acetoxymethyl)‐7‐oxabicyclo[2.2.l]hept‐5‐ene (7‐oxa‐NBE) with 1‐pentene, styrene, allyltrimethylsilane, allyl benzyl ether, allyl phenyl ether and allyl ethyl ether has been studied. With the exception of the ROCM reaction of endo, endo‐DCMNBE with styrene, all other ROCM reactions of endo, endo‐DCMNBE proceeded under thermodynamic control without any post‐metathesis isomerization reactions with full retention of the configuration of the newly formed 1,2‐disubstituted double bond as confirmed by kinetic studies. Similar accounts for selected homometathesis reactions. Catalyst structure‐selectivity correlations based on the buried volume, Vbur, of the N‐imido ligand are presented.magnified image
Direct Construction of Diverse Polyheterocycles Bearing Pyrrolidinediones via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Cascade C−H Activation/Spirocyclization
Authors: Devkota Shreedhar , Lee Ha‐Jin , Kim Sung Hong , Lee Yong Rok 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRh(III)‐catalyzed cascade oxidative annulation of 2‐arylquinazolinones with various maleimides to afford spiroisoindoloquinazolinones bearing pyrrolidinediones is described. Sequential ortho C−H functionalization and spirocyclization via aza‐Michael addition result in the formation of both C−C and C−N bonds in a single operation. This atom‐ and step‐economic strategy provides an efficient and novel approach for the syntheses of diverse polyheterocycles bearing pyrrolidinediones, starting from 2‐heteroarylquinazolinones and 5‐arylpyrazolopyrimidinones, in good to excellent yields.magnified image
High Performance Thick‐Film Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency over 10% and Active Layer Thickness of 600 nm
Authors: Zhang Yamin , Feng Huanran , Meng Lingxian , Wang Yanbo , Chang Meijia , Li Shitong , Guo Ziqi , Li Chenxi , Zheng Nan , Xie Zengqi , Wan Xiangjian , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDeveloping efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) with relatively thick active layer compatible with the roll to roll large area printing process is an inevitable requirement for the commercialization of this field. However, typical laboratory OSCs generally exhibit active layers with optimized thickness around 100 nm and very low thickness tolerance, which cannot be suitable for roll to roll process. In this work, high performance of thick‐film organic solar cells employing a nonfullerene acceptor F–2Cl and a polymer donor PM6 is demonstrated. High power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 13.80% in the inverted structure device and 12.83% in the conventional structure device are achieved under optimized conditions. PCE of 9.03% is obtained for the inverted device with active layer thickness of 500 nm. It is worth noting that the conventional structure device still maintains the PCE of over 10% when the film thickness of the active layer is 600 nm, which is the highest value for the NF‐OSCs with such a large active layer thickness. It is found that the performance difference between the thick active layer films based conventional and inverted devices is attributed to their different vertical phase separation in the active layers.
Der zytotoxische Naturstoff Vioprolid A interagiert mit dem für die Ribosomen‐Biogenese essentiellen nukleolären Protein 14
Authors: Kirsch Volker C. , Orgler Christina , Braig Simone , Jeremias Irmela , Auerbach David , Müller Rolf , Vollmar Angelika M. , Sieber Stephan A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFür die Behandlung schwerer Krankheiten, wie z. B. Krebs, sind neue Angriffspunkte für die Therapie von großer Bedeutung. Seit Jahrzehnten treiben Naturstoffe die Entwicklung innovativer Therapieansätze voran, da diese in zellbiologische Prozesse eingreifen. Von der potenten zytotoxischen Aktivität der myxobakteriellen Vioprolide A–D inspiriert, wurden hier umfassende Studien bezüglich ihrer Wirkmechanismen durchgeführt. Auf Grundlage der potenten Aktivität gegen akute lymphoblastische Leukämie(ALL)‐Zellen, wurde zur Identifikation der Angriffsziele des aktivsten Derivats, Vioprolid A (VioA), ein thermisches Protein‐Profiling (TPP) in Jurkat‐Zellen durchgeführt. Durch eine Vielzahl daran anschließender proteomischer und biologischer Experimente konnte das nukleoläre Protein 14 (NOP14), welches eine essentielle Rolle in der Ribosomen‐Biogenese einnimmt, als Angriffsziel von VioA validiert werden. Aufgrund der erhöhten Aktivität gegen ALL‐Krebszellen im Vergleich zu gesunden Lymphozyten weist VioA ein einzigartiges therapeutisches Potenzial über einen neuen Wirkmechanismus auf.
Protein NMR Resonance Assignment without Spectral Analysis: 5D SOlid‐State Automated Projection SpectroscopY (SO‐APSY)
Authors: Orton Henry W. , Stanek Jan , Schubeis Tobias , Foucaudeau Dylan , Ollier Claire , Draney Adrian W. , Le Marchand Tanguy , Cala‐De Paepe Diane , Felli Isabella C. , Pierattelli Roberta , Hiller Sebastian , Bermel Wolfgang , Pintacuda Guido 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNarrow proton signals, high sensitivity, and efficient coherence transfers provided by fast magic‐angle spinning at high magnetic fields make automated projection spectroscopy feasible for the solid‐state NMR analysis of proteins. We present the first ultrahigh dimensional implementation of this approach, where 5D peak lists are reconstructed from a number of 2D projections for protein samples of different molecular sizes and aggregation states, which show limited dispersion of chemical shifts or inhomogeneous broadenings. The resulting datasets are particularly suitable to automated analysis and yield rapid and unbiased assignments of backbone resonances.
Culture on Tissue‐Specific Coatings Derived from α‐Amylase‐Digested Decellularized Adipose Tissue Enhances the Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose‐Derived Stromal Cells
Authors: Shridhar Arthi , Lam Alan Y. L. , Sun Yu , Simmons Craig A. , Gillies Elizabeth R. , Flynn Lauren E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWhile extracellular matrix (ECM)‐derived coatings have the potential to direct the response of cell populations in culture, there is a need to investigate the effects of ECM sourcing and processing on substrate bioactivity. To develop improved cell culture models for studying adipogenesis, the current study examines the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of human adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) on a range of ECM‐derived coatings. Human decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) and commercially available bovine tendon collagen (COL) are digested with α‐amylase or pepsin to prepare the coatings. Physical characterization demonstrates that α‐amylase digestion generates softer, thicker, and more stable coatings, with a fibrous tissue‐like ultrastructure that is lost in the pepsin‐digested thin films. ASCs cultured on the α‐amylase‐digested ECM have a more spindle‐shaped morphology, and proliferation is significantly enhanced on the α‐amylase‐digested DAT coatings. Further, the α‐amylase‐digested DAT provides a more pro‐adipogenic microenvironment, based on higher levels of adipogenic gene expression, glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) enzyme activity, and perilipin staining. Overall, this study supports α‐amylase digestion as a new approach for generating bioactive ECM‐derived coatings, and demonstrates tissue‐specific bioactivity using adipose‐derived ECM to enhance ASC proliferation and adipogenic differentiation.
Steric Accessibility of the Cleavage Sites Dictates the Proteolytic Vulnerability of the Anti‐HIV‐1 Antibodies 2F5, 2G12, and PG9 in Plants
Authors: Puchol Tarazona Alejandro A. , Lobner Elisabeth , Taubenschmid Yvonne , Paireder Melanie , Torres Acosta Juan A. , Göritzer Kathrin , Steinkellner Herta , Mach Lukas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBroadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) hold great promise for immunoprophylaxis and the suppression of viremia in HIV‐positive individuals. Several studies have demonstrated that plants as Nicotiana benthamiana are suitable hosts for the generation of protective anti‐HIV‐1 antibodies. However, the production of the anti‐HIV‐1 bNAbs 2F5 and PG9 in N. benthamiana is associated with their processing by apoplastic proteases in the complementarity‐determining‐region (CDR) H3 loops of the heavy chains. Here, it is shown that apoplastic proteases can also cleave the CDR H3 loop of the bNAb 2G12 when the unusual domain exchange between its heavy chains is prevented by the replacement of Ile19 with Arg. It is demonstrated that CDR H3 proteolysis leads to a strong reduction of the antigen‐binding potencies of 2F5, PG9, and 2G12‐I19R. Inhibitor profiling experiments indicate that different subtilisin‐like serine proteases account for bNAb fragmentation in the apoplast. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments corroborate that the antigen‐binding domains of wild‐type 2G12 and 4E10 are more compact than those of proteolysis‐sensitive antibodies, thus shielding their CDR H3 regions from proteolytic attack. This suggests that the extent of proteolytic inactivation of bNAbs in plants is primarily dictated by the steric accessibility of their CDR H3 loops.
Colorimetric Assay for Uracil DNA Glycosylase Activity Based on Toehold‐Mediated Strand Displacement Circuit
Authors: Kim Youna , Park Yeonkyung , Lee Chang Yeol , Park Hyun Gyu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHerein, a novel enzyme‐free and label‐free strategy for colorimetric assay of uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity, which relies on a target‐activated toehold‐mediated strand displacement (TMSD) circuit is described. The strategy employs a detection duplex probe composed of a uracil‐containing strand (US) and a catalyst strand (CS). UDG present in a sample will cleave uracil bases within US and destabilize the detection duplex probe, which then leads to the dissociation of the detection duplex, releasing CS. The free CS promotes the TMSD reaction, consequently liberating a G‐quadruplex DNAzyme strand (GS) which is initially caged by a blocker strand (BS). Notably, a fuel strand (FS) is supplemented to recycle the CS to promote another cycle of TMSD reaction. As a consequence, a large number of GSs are activated by UDG activity and a distinct colorimetric signal is produced through the oxidation of ABTS promoted by the peroxidase mimicking activity of the liberated GSs. Based on this design principle, UDG activity down to 0.006 U mL−1 with excellent selectivity is successfully determined. The practical applicability of this assay is also demonstrated by reliably determining UDG activities in human serum.
Determination of rosamultin in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA specific and reliable LC–MS/MS method for the determination of rosamultin in rat plasma was validated. Plasma samples were prepared with protein precipitation method, and chromatographic separation was performed on a Thermo C18 analytical column (4.6 mm × 50 mm, 3.0 μm). The mass spectrometry (MS) analysis was conducted in positive SRM mode for the transitions of m/z 673.2 → 511.1 for rosamultin and m/z 601.1 → 330.9 for IS. The method validation was conducted over the calibration range of 1.0–500 ng/mL with the precision ≤11.03% and accuracy within ±14.64%. The assay was applied to the pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of rosamultin at a dose of 20 mg/kg in rats.
Product chain collaboration for sustainability: A business case for life cycle management
Authors: Nilsson‐Lindén Hanna , Rosén Magnus , Baumann Henrikke 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLife cycle management (LCM) is frequently described as a holistic sustainability perspective along the product chain. It has mainly been a company internal practice. However, recent developments reveal a new type of LCM where companies collaborate in product‐chain‐specific initiatives. This raises questions concerning why corporations extend “corporate LCM” toward “product chain LCM”. Here, we explore rationales and challenges for corporations engaging in one such coalition: The Sustainable Transport Initiative. The study covers five companies in different product chain positions and practitioners in different corporate functions. The results show a broad range of rationales for engaging in product chain LCM, related both to self‐interest and a shared interest in the product chain. The importance of the “business case,” both for the individual companies and the product chain, is identified. The importance of sustainability managers as actors and as facilitators in discussions between managers from different corporate functions is also identified.