bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors and survival according to tumour subtype in women presenting with breast cancer bone metastases at initial diagnosis: a SEER based study
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Jie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Tumour subtype have a significant effect on bone metastasis in breast cancer, but population-based estimates of the prognosis of bone metastases at diagnosis of breast cancer are lacking. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of tumour subtype and other factors in the prognostic and survival of patients with bone metastases of breast cancer.
Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) data of 2012 to 2016 conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate patients with bone metastases in breast cancer. Patients characteristic according subtypes were compared using chi-square, overall survival (OS), prognostic factor calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model.
Results: A total of 3384 patients were included in this study. 63.42% were HR+/HER2-, 19.86% were HR+/HER2+, 9.34% were HR-/HER2-, and 7.39% were HR-/HER2+. Median OS for the whole population was 38 months, and 33.9% of the patients were alive at five-year. The median OS and five-year survival rate among the different molecular subtype of breast cancer patients are significant differences (p<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age of 55-59 ( HR=1.270 ), black race ( HR=1.320 ), grade in III or IV ( HR=1.952 ), HR-/HER2- ( HR=2.727), lung metastases (HR=1.249), live metastases (HR=1.840), brain metastases (HR=1.812) only bone metastases ( HR=1.237) are independent risk factors of prognosis; married ( HR=0.812 ), HR+/HER2+ ( HR=0.618 ), HR-/HER2+ (HR=1.237), insurance ( HR=0.597 ) and surgery (HR=0.512) are independent protection factors of prognosis.
Conclusions: There were substantial differences in OS according to tumour subtype. In addition to tumour subtype, other independent predictors of OS are age at diagnosis, race, marital status, insurance, grade, surgery and visceral metastases. Tumour subtype, as a significant prognostic factor, warrant further investigation.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Bone metastases, Tumour subtype, Prognosis factor, Survival
Government Spending, Recession, and Suicide: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Matsubayashi Tetsuya , Sekijima Kozue , Ueda Michiko 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Backgrounds: Austerity has been shown to have an adverse influence on people’s mental health and suicide rates. Most existing studies have focused on the governments’ reactions to a single event, for example, the Great Recession of 2008.
Methods: This study focused on a significant change in fiscal policy between 2001 and 2014 in Japan. The size of expenditures by national and local governments decreased dramatically between 2001 and 2006 under the neoliberalism reform and then increased after the global economic crisis and the Great East Japan Earthquake. Using the data from 47 prefectures between 2001 and 2014, we tested whether more massive spending by the local governments was associated with a lower suicide rate in their jurisdiction. We also investigated whether this relationship was particularly robust during a more severe recession.
Results: Our analysis revealed that an increase of 1% in the per-capita local government expenditures was associated with a decrease of 0.2% in the suicide rates among males and females aged between 40 and 64 and that this correlation was strengthened as the unemployment rate increased.
Conclusions: Government’s reaction to economic crises can either exacerbate or mitigate the negative impact of the economic recession on people’s mental health and suicide rates.
Quality-of-life Profile Of The Elderly Residing In A Very Low Population Density Rural Area
Authors: Goes Maria , Lopes Manuel , Oliveira Henrique , Fonseca César , João Marôco 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper describes the Quality-of-Life profile of the elderly residing in an inland region located at middle south of the Portugal main territory, presenting a larger area and low population density, which is composed of several items, extracted after statistics analysis of the data taken from the European Portuguese version of WHOQOL-BREF.
Cross-sectional, descriptive study, with a random sample composed of elderly individuals residing in the community. Data collected by health professionals in the participants’ houses, using the European Portuguese WHOQOL-BREF instrument. The factorial validity was assessed by a confirmatory factor analysis. Appropriate statistical tests were used for comparison between mean Quality-of-Life scores according to gender, age group, marital status and educational level. Regression models were used to identify the biological and sociodemographic possible predictive factors of Quality-of-Life and the possible predictive domains of the General-Health-Facet.
All Quality-of-Life domains and the General-Health-Facet decreased with advancing age. A higher and lower mean scores were observed, respectively for the Social Relationships and Physical Health domains. Males had higher mean Quality-of-Life scores than females, while widows and older women had the lowest ones when compared to other individuals. Educational level was the most significant sociodemographic predictive factor of Quality-of-Life domains, with scores increasing as the educational level increased. Moreover, Physical Health domain was the strongest predictor of the General-Health-Facet.
The authors think that all the information extracted from the proposed Quality-of-Life profile, constitutes an important empirical basis that allow for more a detailed outcome of a concrete health care needs of the elderlies, leading to a concise planning and monitoring of health interventions and health policies management, extending the current general knowledge on Quality-of-Life. With this Quality-of-Life profile, which was never been made for the elderly population residing in Region of Baixo Alentejo, the authors expect “to find out what is really important for the elderlies, based on the rule: “better to know for better care”.
Utility of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in diagnosis and staging of chondrosarcoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Qingyu , Xi Yongming , Li Dong , Yuan Zenong , Dong Jun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone sarcoma; 18 F-FDG PET and PET/CT are increasingly proposed as tools to evaluate the status of chondrosarcoma but their accuracy remains disputable. The study aims to evaluate the utility of 18 F-FDG PET and PET/CT to differentiate chondrosarcoma from benign cartilaginous lesions and to predict the histopathological grade of chondrosarcoma.Methods A comprehensive search was performed in three electronic databases including Medline/PubMed, the Cochrane library and Embase to retrieve diagnostic studies evaluating the role of 18 F-FDG PET or PET/CT for appraising status of chondrosarcoma. The reference lists of related articles were also scrutinized manually. Useful data were extracted to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odd ratio (DOR), the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC) as well as the area under the curve (AUC) of 18 F-FDG PET or PET/CT in diagnosing chondrosarcoma, and pooled weighted mean differences (WMD) of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) between different entities of cartilaginous neoplasms by using Stata 15.0.Results A total of 12 studies provided sufficient data for the quantitative analysis. For the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma, the pooled sensitivity, specificity and DOR of 18 F-FDG PET were 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46 to 0.97), 0.82 (95% CI 0.55 to 0.94) and 24.244 (95% CI 1.985 to 96.148), respectively while those of 18 F-FDG PET/CT were 0.94 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.97), 0.89 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.93) and 112.999 (95% CI 41.341 to 308.866), respectively. The pooled WMD of SUVmax were -0.89 (95% CI -1.67 to -0.10) between benign cartilaginous lesions and grade 1 (G1) chondrosarcoma, -1.94 (95% CI -2.76 to -1.12) between G1 and grade 2 (G2) chondrosarcoma, and -2.37 (95% CI -5.79 to 1.05) between G2 and grade 3 (G3) chondrosarcoma.Conclusions In a word, 18 F-FDG PET/CT revealed excellent accuracy in the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma and might assist in clinical decision-making. However, SUVmax alone showed restricted ability to differentiate benign cartilaginous lesions and chondrosarcoma, as well as between G2 and G3 chondrosarcoma. More large-scale studies are still needed to further warrant current findings.
Evolutionary relationships among bifidobacteria and their hosts and environments
Authors: Rodriguez Cynthia Itzel , Martiny Jennifer B.H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The assembly of animal microbiomes is influenced by multiple environmental factors and host genetics, although the relative importance of these factors remains unclear. Bifidobacteria (genus Bifidobacterium , phylum Actinobacteria) are common first colonizers of gut microbiomes in humans and inhabit other mammals, social insects, food, and sewages. In humans, the presence of bifidobacteria in the gut has been correlated with health-promoting benefits. Here, we compared the genome sequences of a subset of the over 400 Bifidobacterium strains publicly available to investigate the adaptation of bifidobacteria diversity. We tested 1) whether bifidobacteria show a phylogenetic signal with their isolation sources (hosts and environments) and 2) whether key traits encoded by the bifidobacteria genomes depend on the host or environment from which they were isolated. We analyzed Bifidobacterium genomes available in the PATRIC and NCBI repositories and identified the hosts and/or environment from which they were isolated. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis was conducted to compare the genetic relatedness the strains harbored by different hosts and environments. Furthermore, we examined differences in genomic traits and genes related to amino acid biosynthesis and degradation of carbohydrates. Results We found that bifidobacteria diversity appears to have evolved with their hosts as strains isolated from the same host were non-randomly associated with their phylogenetic relatedness. Moreover, bifidobacteria isolated from different sources displayed differences in genomic traits such as genome size and accessory gene composition and on particular traits related to amino acid production and degradation of carbohydrates. In contrast, when analyzing diversity within human-derived bifidobacteria, we observed no phylogenetic signal or differences on specific traits (amino acid biosynthesis genes and CAZymes). Conclusions Overall, our study shows that bifidobacteria diversity is strongly adapted to specific hosts and environments and that several genomic traits were associated with their isolation sources. However, this signal is not observed in human strains alone. Looking into the genomic signatures of bifidobacteria strains in different environments can give insights into how this bacterial group adapts to their environment and what types of traits are important for these adaptations.
Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications
Authors: Zurita-Cruz Jessie , Gutierrez-Gonzalez Alejandro , Manuel-Apolinar Leticia , Fernández-Gárate José Esteban , Arellano-Flores María Luisa , Eng Roberto Alejandro Correa Gonzalez , Sanchez-Armas Rocio , Cisneros Nelly 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Summary Background Viral respiratory infection (VRI) is a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. Prematurity or heart disease histories may be risk factors for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI.Objective To describe the epidemiological data of pediatric patients 1 to 24 months of age who were hospitalized for VRI and identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications over a period of 5 years.Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The database was compiled by doctors, electronically validated by engineers and analyzed by statisticians. Patients with VRI (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10] codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219, J22X, and J189) from 2013 to 2017 were registered. The patients were classified into 2 groups according to the absence or presence of a history of prematurity (P070, P072, P073), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (P271) and congenital heart disease (CHD) (Q20-Q26). Length of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, surgical procedures and mortality were analyzed.Statistical analysis The prevalence of hospitalization for VRI was described. For comparisons between the groups, Student's t-tests and chi2 tests were applied. To identify the factors related to in-hospital complications and mortality, a logistic regression model was constructed.Results A total of 69,093 hospitalizations were reported. The average age of patients was 14.17 weeks. The number of hospitalization events in winter was the highest (38.9%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 408 (0.59%) patients died. A total of 7,496 hospitalized patients with comorbidities were identified. Surgical procedures (OR = 16.66 & 16.64) and comorbidities (OR = 4.29 & 4.58) were risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality.Conclusions The risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRI were a history of prematurity, BPD and CHD, as well as some type of surgical procedure during hospitalization.
WITHDRAWN: A multicenter case-control study on non-genetic risk factors in infants with congenital heart disease
Authors: Ye Wei , Deng Xiao-Long , Huang Sheng , Zhang Tong-Qiang , Tang Qi-Zhu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) is growing at a rapid speed worldwide, which due to changes of both environmental and lifestyle exposures. This study aimed to explore how the non-genetic risk factors of maternal and perinatal conditions influenced onset of CHD in infants.Methods: Infants with congenital heart disease diagnosed by echocardiography from May 2012 to December 2013 were recruited as positive cases, while healthy individuals without congenital heart disease recruited at the same period were regarded as controls. The general situation of parents and the exposure to environmental factors during perinatal period in the case group and the control group were investigated by questionnaires.Results: A total of424 questionnaires of infants with congenital heart disease and 362 healthy controls were finally collected. We analyzed the risk factors during perinatal period of their mothers showed that their mothers took drugs in early pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]=4.41, 95 % confidence interval [CI]:2.41-6.73), viral infection (OR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.62-5.73), house decoration (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.43-3.75), hair dyeing and scalding (OR = 2.24, 95% CI:1.46-4.05), parents' exposures to work environment pollution (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 2.03-5.38) were independent risk factors for cardiovascular malformations. With the increase of exposure factors, the risk of congenital heart disease increased significantly. When pregnant women were exposed to three or more risk factors at the same time, the risk of infants with congenital heart disease in was 17.24 times higher than that of single-factor exposure.Conclusions: Together, the incidence of CHD in infants is correlated with the exposure to perinatal risk factors.
Post-Cesarean Section Maternal Health Outcome and its Determinants in Tigray Regional State, North Ethiopia.
Authors: Abay Mebrahtu , Gebremariam Welay , Kurie Mirkuzie Woldie , Berhane Haileselassie , Mengstu Abraham 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Back ground Cesarean section rate is increasing worldwide. However, the World Health Organization has declared that there is insufficient information on maternal outcome following cesarean section for decision making.Objective The aim of this study was to assess post cesarean section maternal outcome and its associated factors availing evidence for practice and policy.Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 mothers who underwent cesarean section in six selected public general hospitals of Tigray regional State, Ethiopia. Mothers were followed for the duration of post-operative period until they became safe for discharge. The maternal outcomes were categorized into either adverse or good outcomes depending on whether mothers develop any cesarean section related morbidity or not. Logistic regression model was constructed to determine the AOR and 95% CI of independent factors associated with maternal outcome following cesarean section.Results The proportion of adverse maternal outcome was 19.3% with 95% CI of (15.7% -23.8%). Route of anesthesia administration (AOR = 0.296, 95% CI: 0.126 - 0.695) and referral status (AOR = 0.371, 95%CI: 0.214 - 0.641) were statistically significant factors associated with maternal outcome following cesarean section.Conclusion There was high proportion of adverse maternal outcome. General anesthesia and referral from lower health facilities were associated with higher risk of post-CS adverse maternal outcome. Equipping lower level health facilities with the human and material capacity for timely detection of CS indications and provision of cesarean section services could decrease the number of referrals and subsequent delays that lead to adverse maternal outcome.
Factors influencing women's choice of place of child delivery in rural Wondo Genet District, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Kelel Henna Umer , Dasa Tamirat Tesfaye 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background - Pregnancy and childbirth complications are foremost cause of deaths and incapacity among mothers of the reproductive age group in developing countries. Around 99% of maternal mortality arisen in the low-resource settings area and most could have been avoided. Thoughtful approach for reducing maternal illness and deaths is ensuring that every baby is delivered in health institutions where a trained birth attendant will be present to take the delivery. In Ethiopia, nearly third-fourth of births occur without the help of a trained birth assistant. This study examined the factors that influenced or determined women's choice of place of child delivery in rural Wondo Genet District, Southern Ethiopia.Method- A cross-sectional study design was employed and systematic sampling method used to select eligible women. Data cleaned, coded and entered into Epi Data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression used to identify statistically significant variables for the choice of place for delivery. Hosmer and Lemeshow- goodness of fit used to check data fitness for the model.Result- a total of 402 women participated in this study. The following factors were statistically significant for the choice place of delivery Primary and above educational attainment of women, (AOR=0.14, CI, 0.03-0.68), income greater than 3000 ETB (AOR=8.35 CI, 3.6-19.4), four or more ANC frequency (AOR=4.14 CI, 2.0-8.6) and previous planned pregnancy (AOR=4.14 CI, 2.0- 8.6).Conclusion- Prevalence of institutional delivery was 61.2%. Educational status and monthly income was a statistically important factor. Recommend that the district should work on disseminating appropriate information health to enhance the knowledge of the women and help them to take the initiative to visit health facility.
Implication of environmental factors on the occurrence of pathogens in urban landscape ponds with reclaimed wastewater replenishment
Authors: Ao Dong , Huang Yue , Xue Tao , Wang Nan , Chen Rong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
One year of continuous observation of bacterial and viral pathogen concentrations in overlying water and sediment of three urban landscape ponds replenished with reclaimed wastewater (RW) ponds was carried out to establish the distribution of pathogens and investigate the effects of environmental factors on that in RW ponds. The pathogens were represented by Escherichia coli and three common viral pathogens (enterovirus, norovirus, and rotavirus). Results indicated that the peak concentrations of pathogens occur from August to October. Pathogens present in sediment should be paid much more attention than those in overlying water, as they mainly contribute to the favorable conditions for survival and regrowth of pathogens in sediments. Cluster and redundancy analyses revealed that the environmental factors of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), organic matter, and water transparency have key impacts on the occurrence of pathogens. This infers that the practical way to reduce pathogenic risks in RW ponds is to control the algae bloom and improve the transparency of water bodies. Furthermore, based on breakpoint regression analyses, the appropriate ranges of Chl-a and transparency are suggested to be less than 57 mg/m3 and greater than 68 cm, respectively, to reduce the concentration of pathogens in urban landscape ponds replenished with RW.
Analysis of water use characteristics in industrial sectors in Beijing based on an input-output method
Authors: Hong Siyang , Wang Hongrui , Cheng Tao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Beijing is a megalopolis with a serious water shortage that has been further exacerbated by an unreasonable industrial water structure. This article uses an input-output method to calculate the water use coefficients in each industrial sector in Beijing and analyses the water use characteristics of the various industrial sectors. Then, an industry association index that represents the influence and sensitivity of sectors is combined with the water use characteristics to readjust the industrial structure with the objectives of water conservation and sustainable economic development. The results indicate that the agricultural water use coefficient is the highest and that the coefficients are generally higher for sectors in secondary industry than for those in tertiary industry. In addition, all coefficients display a downward trend. The water use multipliers vary widely among sectors. In secondary industry during the study period, the number of high water use sectors remained stable, the number of potentially high water use sectors increased and the number of general water use sectors decreased. A comprehensive analysis of the water use characteristics and industrial structure correlations could provide a reference for the optimal allocation of water resources.
Spatial variability of the parameters of soil-water characteristic curves in gravel-mulched fields
Authors: Zhao Wenju , Cao Taohong , Li Zongli , Su Yu , Bao Zhiwei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Knowledge of the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and its spatial variability is essential for many agricultural, environmental, and engineering applications. We analyzed the spatial variability of the parameters of SWCC in gravel-mulched fields using classical statistics and geostatistical methods. Soil samples were collected from the layer in 64 evenly distributed 1 × 1 m quadrats 4 m apart, center to center. SWCC in the gravel-mulched fields could be fitted well by both the van Genuchten and Brooks–Corey models, but the fit was better with the van Genuchten model. The type of fitting three parameters was tested. The model parameters θs and n of each type of soil were weakly variable, and α was moderately variable. The results indicate that the gravel-mulched field has better water retention, and the water retention effect of the new gravel-mulched fields is most obvious. The spatial variation of the parameters in SWCC can therefore be used to infer soil hydraulic properties, which is important for simplifying the calculation of SWCC and quantitatively determining the retention of soil water and for managing the capacity of soil to retain water in gravel-mulched fields in arid regions.