bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemogram-based decision tree for predicting the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly
Authors: Hsu C -H , Chen Y -L , Hsieh C -H , Liang Y -J , Liu S -H , Pei D 
Published: June 2020

Summary

Background
This study aimed to build a hemogram-based decision tree to evaluate the association between current probability of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and prediction of future hypertension, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk.

Methods
A total of 40 395 elder participants (≥60 years) were enrolled in a standard health examination program in Taiwan from January 1999 to December 2014. A decision tree classification of the presence or absence of MetS at baseline, using age, sex and hemogram (white blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet) as independent variables, was conducted for the randomly assigned training (70%) and validation (30%) groups. Participants without MetS at baseline (n = 25 643) were followed up to observe whether they developed MetS, hypertension, type 2 diabetes or CVD in the future.

Results
Modest accuracy of the decision tree in the training and validation groups with area under the curves of 0.653 and 0.652, respectively, indicated an acceptable generalizability of results. The predicted probability of baseline MetS was obtained from decision tree analysis. Participants without MetS at baseline were categorized into three equally sized groups according to the predicted probability. Participants in the third tertile had significantly higher risks of future MetS (hazard ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval 1.25–1.58); type 2 diabetes (1.46, 1.17–1.83); hypertension (1.14, 1.01–1.28); and CVD (1.21, 1.01–1.44), compared with those in the first tertile.

Conclusions
Execution of hemogram-based decision tree analysis can assist in early identification and prompt management of elderly patients at a high risk of future hypertension, type 2 diabetes and CVD.
A patient-initiated DMARD self-monitoring service for people with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: McBain Hayley , Flood Chris , Shipley Michael , Olaleye Abigail , Moore Samantha , Newman Stanton 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
To determine whether a patient-initiated DMARD self-monitoring service for people on MTX is a cost-effective model of care for patients with RA or PsA.

Methods
An economic evaluation was undertaken alongside a randomized controlled trial involving 100 patients. Outcome measures were quality of life and ESR assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Costs were calculated for healthcare usage using a United Kingdom National Health Service economic perspective. Sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the impact of nurse-led telephone helplines. Uncertainty around the cost-effectiveness ratios was estimated by bootstrapping and analysing the cost-effectiveness planes.

Results
Fifty-two patients received the intervention and 48 usual care. The difference in mean cost per case indicated that the intervention was £263 more expensive (P &lt; 0.001; 95% CI: £149.14, £375.86) when the helpline costs were accounted for and £94 cheaper (P = 0.08; 95% CI: –£199.26, £10.41) when these costs were absorbed by the usual service. There were, however, statistically significant savings for the patient (P = 0.02; 95% CI: −£28.98, £3.00). When costs and effectiveness measures of ESR and quality of life measured, using the Short Form-12v1, were combined this did not show the patient-initiated service to be cost-effective at a statistically significant level.

Conclusion
This patient-initiated service led to reductions in primary and secondary healthcare services that translated into reduced costs, in comparison with usual care, but were not cost-effective. Further work is needed to establish how nurse-led telephone triage services are integrated into rheumatology services and the associated costs of setting up and delivering them.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, ISRCTN21613721
Ratchet-Rasquache Activism: Aesthetic and Discursive Frames within Chicago-Based Women-of-Color Activism
Authors: Gonzales Teresa Irene 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Extending the rich literature about women-of-color activism, this article analyzes the ways Chicago-based Chicanas and Black women maintain, build, and expand low-income residents’ access to and ownership of the city. I draw on 30 months of community-engaged, ethnographic fieldwork within high-poverty Mexican- and African-American neighborhoods and on interviews with 22 women-of-color activists across Chicago. Combining the cultural signifiers “ratchet” and “rasquache,” I highlight the strategic use of discursive and aesthetic frames to disrupt negative narratives of these women’s activism and their often-vilified communities. As a framework, ratchet-rasquache activism counters urban development practices that marginalize Black and Chicana/o/x communities. Emerging from African-American communities, “ratchet” connotes unruliness and low-class behavior. In Mexican communities, “rasquache” similarly connotes negative or low-class behavior but also means making the most with the tools one has. Both concepts, rooted in working-class sensibilities, can subvert narratives of racial uplift and reject normative whiteness as the standard for both activism and community development. Deploying “ratchet” and “rasquache” as positive attributes, Chicago-based women-of-color activists used nonhierarchical community-organizing tactics to operate as neighborhood strategists. Acknowledging the strength and expertise within marginalized, impoverished communities, they embraced a working-class, asset-based, ratchet and rasquache strategy, while striving to build something from something.
A telephone-based guided imagery tobacco cessation intervention: results of a randomized feasibility trial
Authors: Gordon Judith S , Bell Melanie L , Armin Julie S , Giacobbi Peter R , Nair Uma S 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundEvidence supports the use of guided imagery for smoking cessation; however, scalable delivery methods are needed to make it a viable approach. Telephone-based tobacco quitlines are a standard of care, but reach is limited. Adding guided imagery to quitline services might increase reach by offering an alternative approach.PurposeTo develop and test the feasibility and potential impact of a guided imagery-based tobacco cessation intervention delivered using a quitline model.MethodsParticipants for this randomized feasibility trial were recruited statewide through a quitline or community-based methods. Participants were randomized to guided imagery Intervention Condition (IC) or active behavioral Control Condition (CC). After withdrawals, there were 105 participants (IC = 56; CC = 49). The IC consisted of six sessions in which participants created guided imagery audio files. The CC used a standard six-session behavioral protocol. Feasibility measures included recruitment rate, retention, and adherence to treatment. We also assessed 6-month quit rates and consumer satisfaction.ResultsBoth the IC and CC protocols were feasible to deliver. We finalized protocols and materials for participants, coaches and study staff, and delivered the protocols with fidelity. We developed successful recruitment methods, and experienced high retention (6 months = 81.9%) and adherence (all sessions = 66.7%). Long-term quit rates (IC = 27.9%; CC = 38.1%) compared favorably to those of quitlines, and program satisfaction was high, suggesting that the protocols are acceptable to smokers and may contribute to smoking abstinence.ConclusionsThe guided imagery intervention is feasible and promising, suggesting that a fully powered RCT to test the efficacy of the intervention is warranted.Trial registration numberNCT02968381.
New Burmese amber fossils clarify the evolution of bethylid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea)
Authors: Jouault Corentin , Ngô-Muller Valérie , Pouillon Jean-Marc , Nel André 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTwo new bethylid wasps from Cenomanian Burmese amber, one tentatively placed in †Protopristocerinae: Cretapristocera longiscapa gen. & sp. nov. and one in †Holopsenellinae: Megalopsenella pouilloni gen. & sp. nov., are described and illustrated here. They provide new data on the Cretaceous diversity of the family and extend the Cenomanian Burmese amber records to six species. We discuss their systematic placements and provide identification keys to species of †Holopsenellinae and †Protopristocerinae to assist future taxonomic studies. We phylogenetically analyse Bethylidae, adding several fossil taxa to a recent study, suggesting a new hypothesis for the relationships between the different subfamilies. We also address the distribution and underestimated diversity of the family during the Cretaceous and the evolution of the venation of their wings. Finally, we discuss the possible misplacement of the families Plumariidae and †Falsiformicidae.
Original Research: How Magnet Hospital Status Affects Nurses, Patients, and Organizations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rodríguez-García Ma Carmen , Márquez-Hernández Verónica V. , Belmonte-García Teresa , Gutiérrez-Puertas Lorena , Granados-Gámez Genoveva 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
As the number of Magnet hospitals continues to rise in the United States and abroad, the body of literature regarding various outcomes at Magnet hospitals is increasing also. A systematic review examining and compiling the most recent evidence would be invaluable to those seeking to pursue Magnet recognition for their facility. We conducted this systematic review to investigate how Magnet hospital status affects outcomes for nursing professionals, patients, and health care organizations.

Methods:
In January 2018, the databases CINAHL, ProQuest, PubMed, and La Biblioteca Cochrane Plus were searched for relevant studies. The reference lists of selected articles were also examined to identify additional studies. The PRISMA statement was followed, and established methods for systematic review were used to produce a narrative summary. The quality of the reviewed studies was assessed according to the 22-item Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for observational studies.

Results:
Of the 163 studies identified, 21 met the eligibility criteria and are included in this review. On the whole, lower rates of nursing shortages, burnout, job dissatisfaction, and turnover were observed at Magnet hospitals compared with non-Magnet hospitals. The rates of patient mortality, falls, hospital-acquired infections, and pressure ulcers were also lower. Nursing work environments were found to be safer and were associated with a higher quality of care in Magnet hospitals than in non-Magnet hospitals, and Magnet hospitals were found to provide more cost-effective care.

Conclusion:
This review provides nursing managers and administrators with the most recent evidence demonstrating that Magnet hospitals have better nursing work environments and are associated with better outcomes for nurses, patients, and organizations than non-Magnet hospitals. This evidence should inform future decision-making with regard to pursuing Magnet designation.
Immunity to Hepatitis B is Undetectable in the Majority of Adolescents and Young Adults Seeking Outpatient Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Stull Samuel W. , McKnight Erin R. , Matson Steven C. , Bonny Andrea E. 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
To assess prevalence and predictors of hepatitis B immune status among adolescents and young adults (AYA) seeking outpatient medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD).

Study Design:
A retrospective medical chart review was conducted of AYA seeking MOUD between January 1, 2013 through December 31, 2015. Inclusion criteria included: diagnosis of opioid use disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; received hepatitis serologic testing; and no evidence of prior or current hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B immunization initiation was defined as a record of at least 1 hepatitis B vaccination; while receipt of at least 3 vaccinations indicated immunization completion. The presence of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) was the primary outcome measure.

Results:
Of the 193 patients that met eligibility criteria, the presence of anti-HBs was evident in 62 (32.1%). Hepatitis B immunization initiation and completion before presenting for MOUD was documented in 102 (52.9%) and 84 (43.5%). In multivariable logistic regression modeling, hepatitis B immunization initiation after infancy was associated with increased odds of having protective anti-HBs relative to immunization series initiation in infancy (OR 8.96, 95% CI 1.57–51.05). Completion of hepatitis B immunization series after infancy as compared to completion in infancy also increased the odds of protective anti-HBs (OR, 6.68, 95% CI 2.10–21.24).

Conclusions:
Rates of immunity to hepatitis B were low in AYA seeking MOUD. It is important to immunize patients seeking MOUD for hepatitis B and follow up with checks for seroconversion.
Photoprotection With Mineral-Based Sunscreens
Authors: Solish Nowell , Humphrey Shannon , Waller Brittany , Vanderveen Sherri 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND
Although chemical sunscreens have traditionally been at the forefront of sun protection, safety concerns and increasing awareness of the environmental impact of personal-care products have led to greater interest in the use of mineral blockers as photoprotective agents.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the safety and efficacy of mineral-based sunscreens to allow patients to make informed choices about ultraviolet (UV) protection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A review of the literature was performed using the PubMed database.

RESULTS
This article provides an overview of physical blockers and focuses on the efficacy of mineral sunscreens in offering broad-spectrum UV protection and safety concerns, including the controversy surrounding the use of nanoparticles. Practical tips for application are also reviewed.

CONCLUSION
Mineral sunscreens are an attractive, efficacious option for consumers who prefer alternative choices in sun protection.
The Last 200 Surgeon-Loaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissue Versus the First 200 Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissue
Authors: Potts Luke B. , Bauer Alex J. , Xu David N. , Chen Shin-Yi , Alqudah Asem A. , Sanchez Philip J. , Straiko Michael D. , Terry Mark A. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes from using eye bank–prepared, endothelium-out preloaded Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) tissue with those obtained with endothelium-out surgeon-loaded DMEK tissue using the same surgical technique at 1 site.

Methods:
This study retrospectively reviewed 400 consecutive cases of DMEK from March 2016 to April 2018. The last 200 cases using surgeon-loaded tissue were compared with the first 200 cases using preloaded tissue. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, binomial logistic regression, Kruskal–Wallis 1-way analysis of variance, Student t test, or Pearson χ2 tests.

Results:
Comparing surgeon-loaded versus preloaded DMEK tissue, respectively, no statistical difference was found in the mean 6-month postoperative values for endothelial cell loss (32.9% ± 18.5% vs. 29.9% ± 16.4%, P = 0.31), best corrected visual acuity (20/26 vs. 20/25, P = 0.54), or change in central corneal thickness (−14.4% ± 8.9% vs. −15.6% ± 11.7%, P = 0.43). The mean 1-year endothelial cell loss was also not significantly different (37.6% ± 17.2% vs. 33.2% ± 14.8%, P = 0.07). Overall, the rebubble rate for surgeon-loaded tissue was 17.5% and 12.5% for preloaded tissue, a statistically nonsignificant difference. Operative outcomes for mean tissue scroll tightness (1–4) and tissue unscroll time (minutes) for surgeon-loaded and preloaded tissue were similar between groups (2.4 vs. 2.2, P = 0.12 and 3.5 vs. 3.3 minutes, P = 0.50).

Conclusions:
Tissue that is trephinated, stained, and loaded into an injector by the eye bank and then shipped to the surgeon had no difference in clinical outcomes compared with tissue where the surgeon performs these steps. The safety and speed of using preloaded tissue should be considered by DMEK surgeons.
Presurgical risk model for chronic postsurgical pain based on 6 clinical predictors: a prospective external validation
Authors: Montes Antonio , Roca Gisela , Cantillo Jordi , Sabate Sergi ,   for the GENDOLCAT Study Group
Published: June 2020

Abstract
No externally validated presurgical risk score for chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is currently available. We tested the generalizability of a six-factor risk model for CPSP developed from a prospective cohort of 2929 patients in 4 surgical settings. Seventeen centers enrolled 1225 patients scheduled for inguinal hernia repair, hysterectomy (vaginal or abdominal), or thoracotomy. The 6 clinical predictors were surgical procedure, younger age, physical health (Short Form Health Survey-12), mental health (Short Form Health Survey-12), preoperative pain in the surgical field, and preoperative pain in another area. Chronic postsurgical pain was confirmed by physical examination at 4 months. The model's discrimination (c-statistic), calibration, and diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios) were calculated to assess geographic and temporal transportability in the full cohort and 2 subsamples (historical and new centers). The full data set after exclusions and losses included 1088 patients; 20.6% had developed CPSP at 4 months. The c-statistics (95% confidence interval) were similar in the full validation sample and the 2 subsamples: 0.69 (0.65-0.73), 0.69 (0.63-0.74), and 0.68 (0.63-0.74), respectively. Calibration was good (slope b and intercept close to 1 and 0, respectively, and nonsignificance in the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test). The validated model based on 6 clinical factors reliably identifies risk for CPSP risk in about 70% of patients undergoing the surgeries studied, allowing surgeons and anesthesiologists to plan and initiate risk-reduction strategies in routine practice and researchers to screen for risk when randomizing patients in trials.
A modulator of the low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channel that reverses HIV glycoprotein 120-, paclitaxel-, and spinal nerve ligation-induced peripheral neuropathies
Authors: Cai Song , Tuohy Peter , Ma Chunlong , Kitamura Naoya , Gomez Kimberly , Zhou Yuan , Ran Dongzhi , Bellampalli Shreya Sai , Yu Jie , Luo Shizhen , Dorame Angie , Yen Ngan Pham Nancy , Molnar Gabriella , Streicher John M. , Patek Marcel , Perez-Miller Samantha , Moutal Aubin , Wang Jun , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The voltage-gated calcium channels CaV3.1–3.3 constitute the T-type subfamily, whose dysfunctions are associated with epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, and chronic pain. The unique properties of low-voltage-activation, faster inactivation, and slower deactivation of these channels support their role in modulation of cellular excitability and low-threshold firing. Thus, selective T-type calcium channel antagonists are highly sought after. Here, we explored Ugi-azide multicomponent reaction products to identify compounds targeting T-type calcium channel. Of the 46 compounds tested, an analog of benzimidazolonepiperidine—5bk (1-{1-[(R)-{1-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl}(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-2-one) modulated depolarization-induced calcium influx in rat sensory neurons. Modulation of T-type calcium channels by 5bk was further confirmed in whole-cell patch clamp assays in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, where pharmacological isolation of T-type currents led to a time- and concentration-dependent regulation with a low micromolar IC50. Lack of an acute effect of 5bk argues against a direct action on T-type channels. Genetic knockdown revealed CaV3.2 to be the isoform preferentially modulated by 5bk. High voltage-gated calcium, as well as tetrodotoxin-sensitive and -resistant sodium, channels were unaffected by 5bk. 5bk inhibited spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents and depolarization-evoked release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from lumbar spinal cord slices. Notably, 5bk did not bind human mu, delta, or kappa opioid receptors. 5bk reversed mechanical allodynia in rat models of HIV-associated neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathy, without effects on locomotion or anxiety. Thus, 5bk represents a novel T-type modulator that could be used to develop nonaddictive pain therapeutics.
Effectiveness of Liver-Directed Therapy for the Management of Intractable Hypoglycemia in Metastatic Insulinoma
Authors: Habibollahi Peiman , Bai Harrison X. , Sanampudi Sreeja , Soulen Michael C. , Dagli Mandeep 
Published: June 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate efficacy of chemoembolization and radioembolization in treating patients with recurrent hypoglycemia secondary to metastatic insulinoma.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of all patients with metastatic insulinoma treated with liver-directed therapy (LDT) at a large academic medical center from January 1998 to August 2017. Primary outcomes included blood glucose levels, occurrence of symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes, and tumor imaging response rates.

Results
Seven patients were identified (4 male patients). The mean age at the first LDT was 60.9 (standard deviation [SD], 9.2) years. The median follow-up was 1.8 years. Thirty-three sessions of LDT were performed including 30 sessions of chemoembolization and 3 sessions of radioembolization. Technical success rate was 97% (32/33 procedures) with an initial clinical success rate of 100%, defined as absence of recurrent symptomatic hypoglycemia within 1 month after first cycle of LDT and overall clinical success rate of 85%. Random daytime glucose levels increased from 75.0 (SD, 26) mg/dL to 152.8 (SD, 52.4) mg/dL after LDT. The mean time to recurrence of intractable hypoglycemia was 21 (SD, 9) months. No severe complications were reported.

Conclusions
Liver-directed therapy with chemoembolization or radioembolization is effective for treatment of symptomatic hypoglycemia secondary to malignant insulinoma metastatic to liver.
Patients With Acinar Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas After 2005
Authors: Zong Yuan , Qi Changsong , Peng Zhi , Shen Lin , Zhou Jun 
Published: June 2020

Objectives
Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a rare tumor with limited data. We aim to evaluate the characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma after 2005.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma treated in Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute (2005–2018) and identified cases from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2005–2015).

Results
A total of 306 cases in our institute (n = 11) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (n = 295) were identified. The median age was 67 years, and 73.5% were male. The 5-year survival was 36.8% for all patients (median, 27 months). About 37% underwent surgical resection. The 5-year survival was 65.6% for resected patients as compared with 16.9% for unresected ones (P < 0.0001). Among locoregional and metastatic diseases, surgery significantly prolonged survival as well (P = 0.0003). Stage IV patients who received chemotherapy had a better survival than those without it (median, 16 vs 3 months; P = 0.0019). Aging, stage IV, and no surgery were independent predictors of poor overall survival.

Conclusions
For pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, surgery is a potentially curative treatment contributing to long-term survival and suggested even in advanced diseases. Chemotherapy improved survival for metastatic patients.