bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The median sacral artery in rectal blood supply: A cadaveric study
Authors: Dimov Ivan , Sobczak Stéphane , Grabs Detlev , Nayouf Anna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionInsufficient blood supply to the posterior rectal remnant after proctectomy is a possible mechanism for anastomotic leakage. The median sacral artery (MSA) is not generally considered to participate in the rectal blood supply, although some case studies have reported the rectum being supplied by it. The aim of this study is to elucidate the anatomy of the MSA in relation to the posterior rectal wall.MethodsNineteen embalmed cadavers (12 males, seven females; mean age: 76 ± 9 years) were injected with a colored radio‐opaque mixture in the aortic bifurcation, radiographed and subsequently dissected along the sacrum. The relationship between the MSA and the rectum was observed and the diameter of the MSA was measured 2 cm below the aortic bifurcation.ResultsMSAs were identified in 16 (84.2%) of the 19 cadavers. Nine MSAs (47.4%) reached the rectal wall and penetrated it. MSAs that reached the posterior rectum took two different routes in the presacral space. Dissection and radiography showed four penetrating MSAs (21.1%) ending in a branching pattern and five (26.3%) as a tapering vessel. Seven MSAs (36.8%) did not reach the rectal wall. The mean MSA diameter was 1.98 ± 0.12 mm.ConclusionsAlmost half the MSAs reached and penetrated the posterior rectal wall, suggesting possible participation in the rectal blood supply. A large portion of the MSAs that penetrate the rectal wall run outside surgical margins and could continue to provide blood supply to the rectal remnant, potentially preventing anastomotic leakage.
Multicenter experience with the antegrade fenestration and reentry technique for chronic total occlusion recanalization
Authors: Azzalini Lorenzo , Alaswad Khaldoon , Uretsky Barry F. , Agostoni Pierfrancesco , Galassi Alfredo R. , Harada Ribeiro Marcelo , Filho Evandro Martins , Morales‐Victorino Neisser , Attallah Antonious , Gupta Ankur , Zivelonghi Carlo , Montorfano Matteo , Bellini Barbara , Carlino Mauro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antegrade fenestration and reentry (AFR) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) recanalization in a multicenter registry.BackgroundAdoption of antegrade dissection/reentry (ADR) for CTO recanalization has been limited, and novel ADR techniques are needed.MethodsAFR involves the balloon‐induced creation of multiple fenestrations between the false and true lumen. A targeted true lumen reentry is subsequently achieved with a low tip‐load polymer‐jacketed guidewire. Following the initial description and dissemination of AFR, patients undergoing AFR‐based CTO recanalization at nine centers were included in the present registry. Study endpoints were AFR success, procedural success, and target‐lesion failure (TLF) on follow‐up.ResultsWe included 41 patients. Mean J‐CTO score was 2.5 ± 1.4. In 80.5% of cases, AFR was performed after failed antegrade wire escalation. Another ADR technique was used before AFR in one‐third of cases. AFR achieved distal true lumen reentry in n = 27/41 (65.9%) cases. In n = 14/41 (34.1%) cases with AFR failure, use of alternative techniques led to successful CTO recanalization in eight additional patients. The overall technical and procedural success rates were 85.4% and 82.9%, respectively. No AFR‐related complications were observed. One‐year TLF rate was 8.3% overall, with no differences between successful and failed AFR.ConclusionsWe report on AFR feasibility in a multicenter registry of patients undergoing CTO recanalization. We observed a moderate success rate, coupled with the absence of complications. Moreover, even a failed AFR attempt did not preclude the use of alternative techniques to achieve recanalization. Further studies should confirm and extend our findings.
Research Progress in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photoluminescent Materials
Authors: Zeng Jin‐Yue , Wang Xiao‐Shuang , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging kind of crystalline porous polymers that present the precise integration of organic building blocks into extensible structures with regular pores and periodic skeletons. The diversity of organic units and covalent linkages makes COFs a rising materials platform for the design of structure and functionality. Herein, recent research progress in developing COFs for photoluminescent materials is summarised. Structural and functional design strategies are highlighted and fundamental problems that need to be solved are identified, in conjunction with potential applications from perspectives of photoluminescent materials.
Development of an Unsymmetrical Cyclopropenimine‐Guanidine Platform for Accessing Strongly Basic Proton Sponges and Boron‐Difluoride Diaminonaphthalene Fluorophores
Authors: Guest Matt , Le Sueur Richard , Pilkington Melanie , Dudding Travis 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn unsymmetrical guanidine‐cyclopropenimine proton sponge DAGUN and the related BF2‐chelate DAGBO are reported. Insight into the structural, electronic, bonding and photophysical properties of these two molecules are presented. Joint experimental and theoretical studies reveal the protonated form of DAGUN possesses an intramolecular N⋅⋅⋅H−N hydrogen bond which affords a high experimental pKBH+ of 26.6 (computed=26.3). Photophysical studies show that in solution DAGUN displays a green emission at 534 nm, with a large Stokes shift of 235 nm (14,718 cm−1). In contrast, the conjugate acid DAGUN‐H+ is only weakly emissive due to attenuated intramolecular charge transfer. X‐ray diffraction studies reveal that DAGBO contains a stable tetracoordinate boronium cation, reminiscent of the well‐established BODIPY family of dyes. In solution, DAGBO exhibits a strong blue emission at 450 nm coupled with a large Stokes shift (Δλ=158 nm, Δν=11,957 cm−1) and quantum yield of 62 %, upon excitation at 293 nm. DAGBO sets the stage as the first entry into a new class of boron‐difluoride diaminonaphthalenes (BOFDANs) that represent highly fluorescent and tunable next‐generation dyes with future promise for biosensing and bioimaging applications.
Plasmonic nanoparticles assemblies templated by helical bacteria and resulting optical activity
Authors: Feng Wenchun , Kadiyala Usha , Yan Jiao , Wang Yichun , DiRita Victor J. , VanEpps J. Scott , Kotov Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) adsorbing onto helical bacteria can lead to formation of NP helicoids with micron scale pitch. Associated chiroptical effects can be utilized as bioanalytical tool for bacterial detection and better understanding of the spectral behavior of helical self‐assembled structures with different scales. Here, we report that enantiomerically pure helices with micron scale of chirality can be assembled on Campylobacter jejuni, a helical bacterium known for severe stomach infections. These organisms have right‐handed helical shapes with a pitch of 1–2 microns and can serve as versatile templates for a variety of NPs. The bacteria itself shows no observable rotatory activity in the visible, red, and near‐IR ranges of electromagnetic spectrum. The bacterial dispersion acquires chiroptical activity at 500–750 nm upon plasmonic functionalization with Au NPs. Finite‐difference time‐domain simulations confirmed the attribution of the chiroptical activity to the helical assembly of gold nanoparticles. The position of the circular dichroism peaks observed for these chiral structures overlaps with those obtained before for Au NPs and their constructs with molecular and nanoscale chirality. This work provides an experimental and computational pathway to utilize chiroplasmonic particles assembled on bacteria for bioanalytical purposes.
Role of FNA with core biopsy or cell block in patients with nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Gupta Srishti , Long Steven R. , Natkunam Yasodha , Kong Christina S. , Gupta Neel K. , Gratzinger Dita 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundNodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) represents a diagnostic challenge on surgical excisional or incisional biopsy. Classification is further challenging on fine needle aspiration (FNA) material accompanied by needle core and/or cell block biopsy (FNA+core/CB).MethodsThe authors studied all FNA+core/CB and surgical excisional or incisional biopsies to evaluate for lymphoma in patients who had a prior history of NLPHL or subsequent diagnosis of NLPHL over a 5‐year period from 2012 through 2016.ResultsPatients who ultimately were diagnosed with NLPHL represented <0.5% of those who underwent FNA+core/CB for an initial suspicion of lymphoma. FNA+core/CB resulted in a definitive diagnosis in 7 of 13 cases, and surgical excisional or incisional biopsy specimens resulted in a definitive diagnosis in 13 of 13 cases (chi‐square statistic, 9.6; P = .002). At initial diagnosis, FNA+core/CB was negative in 2 cases and atypical or suspicious in 3 cases; all 5 of those patients required surgical excisional or incisional biopsy for a definitive lymphoma diagnosis. By contrast, patients who underwent FNA+core/CB for recurrent lymphoma required surgical excisional or incisional biopsy in only 1 of 8 cases (chi‐square statistic, 9.5; P = .002). Flow cytometry was positive for a light‐chain–restricted B‐cell population in only 1 of 11 biopsies that were involved by lymphoma.ConclusionsSurgical excisional or incisional biopsy remains the gold standard for NLPHL diagnosis and for distinguishing progression to a T‐cell/histiocyte–rich large B‐cell lymphoma pattern. At a tertiary cancer center with routine collaborative diagnosis of lymphoma on FNA+core/CB by cytopathologists and hematopathologists, FNA+core/CB performs well to assess for recurrent or transformed NLPHL, rarely requiring subsequent surgical excisional or incisional biopsy. FNA+core/CB has limited sensitivity in the initial diagnosis setting.
Conditional and biased regeneration of cone photoreceptor types in the zebrafish retina
Authors: D'Orazi Florence D. , Suzuki Sachihiro C. , Darling Nicole , Wong Rachel O. , Yoshimatsu Takeshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA major challenge in regenerative medicine is replacing cells lost through injury or disease. While significant progress has been made, much remains unknown about the accuracy of native regenerative programs in cell replacement. Here, we capitalized on the regenerative capacity and stereotypic retinal organization of zebrafish to determine the specificity with which retinal Müller glial cells replace lost neuronal cell types. By utilizing a targeted genetic ablation technique, we restricted death to all or to distinct cone photoreceptor types (red, blue, or UV‐sensitive cones), enabling us to compare the composition of cones that are regenerated. We found that Müller glia produce cones of all types upon nondiscriminate ablation of these photoreceptors, or upon selective ablation of red or UV cones. Pan‐ablation of cones led to regeneration of the various cone types in relative abundances that resembled those of nonablated controls, that is, red > green > UV ~ blue cones. Moreover, selective loss of red or UV cones biased production toward the cone type that was ablated. In contrast, ablation of blue cones alone largely failed to induce cone production at all, although it did induce cell division in Müller glia. The failure to produce cones upon selective elimination of blue cones may be due to their low abundance compared to other cone types. Alternatively, it may be that blue cone death alone does not trigger a change in progenitor competency to support cone genesis. Our findings add to the growing notion that cell replacement during regeneration does not perfectly mimic programs of cell generation during development.
Flow cytometric evaluation of peripheral blood for suspected Sézary syndrome or mycosis fungoides: International guidelines for assay characteristics
Authors: Horna Pedro , Wang Sa A. , Wolniak Kristy L. , Psarra Katherina , Almeida Julia , Illingworth Andrea J. , Johansson Ulrika , Craig Fiona E. , Torres Richard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA peripheral blood flow cytometric assay for Sézary syndrome (SS) or circulating mycosis fungoides (MF) cells must be able to reliably identify, characterize, and enumerate T‐cells with an immunophenotype that differs from non‐neoplastic T‐cells. Although it is also important to distinguish SS and MF from other subtypes of T‐cell neoplasm, this usually requires information in addition to the immunophenotype, such as clinical and morphologic features. This article outlines the approach recommended by an international group with experience and expertise in this area. The following key points are discussed: (a) At a minimum, a flow cytometric assay for SS and MF should include the following six antibodies: CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, CD26, and CD45. (b) An analysis template must reliably detect abnormal T‐cells, even when they lack staining for CD3 or CD45, or demonstrate a phenotype that is not characteristic of normal T‐cells. (c) Gating strategies to identify abnormal T‐cells should be based on the identification of subsets with distinctly homogenous immunophenotypic properties that are different from those expected for normal T‐cells. (d) The blood concentration of abnormal cells, based on any immunophenotypic abnormalities indicative of MF or SS, should be calculated by either direct enumeration or a dual‐platform method, and reported.
Historical translocations and stocking alter the genetic structure of a Mediterranean lobster fishery
Authors: Jenkins Tom L. , Ellis Charlie D. , Durieux Eric D. H. , Filippi Jean‐José , Bracconi Jérémy , Stevens Jamie R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStocking is often used to supplement wild populations that are overexploited or have collapsed, yet it is unclear how this affects the genetic diversity of marine invertebrate populations. During the 1970s, a lobster stock enhancement program was carried out around the island of Corsica in the Mediterranean using individuals translocated from the Atlantic coast of France. This included the release of thousands of hatchery‐reared postlarval lobsters and several adult individuals, but no monitoring plan was established to assess whether these animals survived and recruited to the population. In this study, we sampled European lobster (Homarus gammarus) individuals caught around Corsica and tested whether they showed Atlantic ancestry. Due to a natural marked phylogeographic break between Atlantic and Mediterranean lobsters, we hypothesized that lobsters with dominant (>0.50) Atlantic ancestry were descended from historical stocking releases. Twenty Corsican lobsters were genotyped at 79 single nucleotide polymorphisms, and assignment analysis showed that the majority (13) had dominant Atlantic ancestry. This suggests that the hatchery stocking program carried out in Corsica during the 1970s, using individuals translocated from the Atlantic coast of France, has likely augmented local recruitment but at a cost of altering the genetic structure of the Corsican lobster population.
Density‐dependent marine survival of hatchery‐origin Chinook salmon may be associated with pink salmon
Authors: Kendall Neala W. , Nelson Benjamin W. , Losee James P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how protected species influence the population dynamics of each other is an essential part of ecosystem‐based management. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are critical prey for endangered southern resident killer whales (SRKWs; Orcinus orca), and increasing releases of hatchery Chinook salmon has been proposed to aid SRKW recovery. We analyzed 30 yr of data and found that density‐dependent survival of hatchery Chinook salmon released into the central and southern parts of the Salish Sea (Washington, USA; and British Columbia, Canada) may be associated with the presence of naturally produced pink salmon (O. gorbuscha), which are highly abundant as juveniles only in even‐numbered years. We first modeled hatchery Chinook salmon marine survival as a function of the numbers of juvenile Chinook released and the presence of emigrating juvenile pink salmon between 1983 and 2012. Then, we related reconstructed numbers of hatchery Chinook salmon returning to Puget Sound to the abundance of juvenile Chinook released in even (pink emigration) and odd (non‐pink emigration) years from 1980 to 2010. We found that in some regions of the Salish Sea, both hatchery Chinook salmon marine survival and adult Chinook returns varied depending on the number of hatchery Chinook released and the presence of juvenile pink salmon. Specifically, in some regions survival of hatchery Chinook salmon decreased when greater numbers of juveniles were released into the Salish Sea in even years, when large numbers of pink salmon were present, but increased or remained stable when pink salmon were not present in large numbers (in odd years). This suggests lower, density‐dependent survival of juvenile Salish Sea Chinook salmon during even outmigration years. Our analyses suggest that scientists and managers should further investigate potential mechanisms for density‐dependent survival of hatchery Chinook salmon from Salish Sea hatcheries when designing strategies to maximize adult returns.
A novel nomogram to predict all‐cause readmission or death risk in Chinese elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Yang Mengxi , Tao Liyuan , An Hui , Liu Gang , Tu Qiang , Zhang Hu , Qin Li , Xiao Zhu , Wang Yu , Fan Jiaxai , Feng Dongping , Liang Yan , Ren Jingyi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsElderly patients with heart failure (HF) are associated with frequent all‐cause readmission or death. The present study sought to develop an accurate and easy‐to‐use model to predict all‐cause readmission or death risk in Chinese elderly patients with HF.Methods and resultsThis was a prospective cohort study in patients with HF aged 65 or older. Demographic, co‐morbidity, laboratory, and medication data were collected. A Cox regression model was used to identify factors for the prediction of readmission or death at 30 days and 1 year. A nomogram was developed with bootstrap validation. Of the included 854 patients, the cumulative all‐cause readmission and mortality rates were 10.5% and 11.6% at 30 days and 34.9% and 19.7% at 1 year, respectively. The independent risk factors associated with both 30 day and 1 year readmission or death were older age, stroke, diastolic blood pressure < 60 mmHg, body mass index ≤ 18.5 kg/m2, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and BNP > 400 pg/mL (all P < 0.05). Anaemia, abnormal neutrophils, and admission without angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers were the specific independent risk factors of 30 day all‐cause readmission or death (all P < 0.05), whereas serum sodium ≤ 140 mmol/L and admission without beta‐blockers were the specific independent risk factors of 1 year all‐cause readmission or death (all P < 0.05). The C‐index of the 30 day and 1 year diagnosis prediction model was 0.778 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.693–0.862] and 0.738 (95% CI 0.640–0.836), respectively.ConclusionsWe developed accurate and easy‐to‐use nomograms to predict all‐cause readmission or death in Chinese elderly patients with HF. The nomograms will assist in reducing the all‐cause readmission and mortality rates.
Decentralized dynamic functional network connectivity: State analysis in collaborative settings
Authors: Baker Bradley T. , Damaraju Eswar , Silva Rogers F. , Plis Sergey M. , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAs neuroimaging data increase in complexity and related analytical problems follow suite, more researchers are drawn to collaborative frameworks that leverage data sets from multiple data‐collection sites to balance out the complexity with an increased sample size. Although centralized data‐collection approaches have dominated the collaborative scene, a number of decentralized approaches—those that avoid gathering data at a shared central store—have grown in popularity. We expect the prevalence of decentralized approaches to continue as privacy risks and communication overhead become increasingly important for researchers. In this article, we develop, implement and evaluate a decentralized version of one such widely used tool: dynamic functional network connectivity. Our resulting algorithm, decentralized dynamic functional network connectivity (ddFNC), synthesizes a new, decentralized group independent component analysis algorithm (dgICA) with algorithms for decentralized k‐means clustering. We compare both individual decentralized components and the full resulting decentralized analysis pipeline against centralized counterparts on the same data, and show that both provide comparable performance. Additionally, we perform several experiments which evaluate the communication overhead and convergence behavior of various decentralization strategies and decentralized clustering algorithms. Our analysis indicates that ddFNC is a fine candidate for facilitating decentralized collaboration between neuroimaging researchers, and stands ready for the inclusion of privacy‐enabling modifications, such as differential privacy.
Development and evaluation of a health literacy training program for allied health professionals: A pre‐post study assessing impact and implementation outcomes
Authors: Muscat Danielle M. , Ceprnja Dragana , Hobbs Kim , Gibson Jodi‐Anne , Blumenthal Caron , Milad Rula , Burns Chris , Lau Timothea , Flood Victoria 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIssue addressedWe developed and evaluated a health literacy training program for allied health professionals, and explored the feasibility of a train‐the‐trainer model to support dissemination.MethodsThe program combined didactic and experiential teaching methods and behaviour change techniques, with a focus on teach‐back and developing easy‐to‐understand written materials. Outcomes included participant reactions, confidence (range: 6‐30), behavioural intentions (range: 6‐42), and dissemination of training content. Implementation outcomes were evaluated using the Normalization MeAsure Development (NoMAD) tool, assessing the constructs of coherence (range: 4‐20), cognitive participation (range: 4‐20), collective action (range: 7‐35) and reflexive monitoring (range: 5‐25).ResultsOf the 29 allied health professionals who participated, 90% rated the program as ‘excellent’/‘very good’, and 97% said the information was ‘extremely’/‘very’ helpful for their everyday practice. We observed increases in confidence (mean difference [MD] = 6.3, standard deviation [SD] = 2.7, t25 = 11.87, P < .001) and intentions (MD = 3.6, SD = 8.1, t23 = 2.2, P = .04) related to health literacy practices after 6 weeks. Improved confidence was retained over 6 months (MD = 7.1, SD = 5.2, t18 = 5.96, P < .001). After 6 months, 95% of participants (n = 19) reported using teach‐back and 50% (n = 10) reported having used a readability formula. Eight‐five per cent of participants (17/20) had trained others in health literacy, reaching n = 201 allied health professionals and students. NoMAD scores were highest in relation to cognitive participation (/20) (M = 18.2, SD = 2.1) and lowest in relation to collective action (/35) (M = 25.4, SD = 3.0).ConclusionsA train‐the‐trainer model appears to be a feasible method to disseminate health literacy training, but additional work may be needed to improve the collective work done to enable health literacy practices in real‐world clinical contexts.So whatStaff training is particularly important in highly diverse areas where patients are disproportionately affected by low health literacy.