bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scx-positive tendon cells are required for correct muscle patterning
Authors: Ono Yudai , Sato Tempei , Shukunami Chisa , Asahara Hiroshi , Inui Masafumi 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe elaborate movement of the vertebrate body is supported by the precise connection of muscle, tendon and bone. Each of the >600 distinct skeletal muscles in the human body has unique attachment sites; however, the mechanism through which muscles are reproducibly attached to designated partner tendons during embryonic development is incompletely understood. We herein show that Screlaxis-positive tendon cells have an essential role in correct muscle attachment in mouse embryos. Specific ablation of Screlaxis-positive cells resulted in dislocation of muscle attachment sites and abnormal muscle bundle morphology. Step-by-step observation of myogenic cell lineage revealed that post-fusion myofibers, but not migrating myoblasts, require tendon cells for their morphology. Furthermore, muscles could change their attachment site, even after the formation of the insertion. Our study demonstrated an essential role of tendon cells in the reproducibility and plasticity of skeletal muscle patterning, in turn revealing a novel tissue-tissue interaction in musculoskeletal morphogenesis.Graphical abstract
Elevated [CO2] concentration and nitrogen addition affects responses of foliar phosphorus fractions in invasive species to increased phosphorus supply
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Luo Xianzhen , Lambers Hans , Zhang Guihua , Liu Nan , Zang Xiaowei , Xiao Meijuan , Wen Dazhi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNo studies have explored how the invasive species ofMikania micranathaandChromolaena odoratanadjust leaf phosphorus (P) among inorganic P (Pi) and organic P fractions to adapt the low soil P availability, especially under elevated CO2concentrations ([CO2]) and nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, we address this by measuring foliar total N and P concentrations as well as functional P fractions (i.e. Pi, metabolic P, lipid P, nucleic acids P, and residual P) of both invasive species and a native species (Paederia. scandens) growing under different P supplies, N, and N+P addition under both ambient and elevated [CO2]. Phosphorus addition greatly increased plant biomass and foliar P concentrations but did not significantly affect foliar N concentration and leaf mass per unit leaf area (LMA). In response to P addition, the concentration of metabolic P increased the most, followed by that of nucleic acid P, Pi, and lipid P, in all species by an average of 754%, 82%, 53%, and 38%, respectively. However, elevated [CO2] and N addition weakened this positive effect on concentrations of foliar P fractions in the invasive species. Our results indicate that elevated [CO2] and N addition allowed the invasive species to acclimate to a low soil P availability, supporting their successful invasion, through greatly reducing P allocation to non-metabolic foliar P fractions (phospholipids and nucleic acid P) to meet their demand for metabolic P and Pi for photosynthesis, rather than altering LMA.
Structured decomposition improves systems serology prediction and interpretation
Authors: Murphy Madeleine , Taylor Scott D. , Meyer Aaron S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSystems serology measurements provide a comprehensive view of humoral immunity by profiling both the antigen-binding and Fc properties of antibodies. Identifying patterns in these measurements will help to guide vaccine and therapeutic antibody development, and improve our understanding of disorders. Furthermore, consistent patterns across diseases may reflect conserved regulatory mechanisms; recognizing these may help to combine modalities such as vaccines, antibody-based interventions, and other immunotherapies to maximize protection. A common feature of systems serology studies is structured biophysical profiling across disease-relevant antigen targets, properties of antibodies’ interaction with the immune system, and serological samples. These are typically produced alongside additional measurements that are not antigen-specific. Here, we report a new form of tensor factorization, total tensor-matrix factorization (TMTF), which can greatly reduce these data into consistently observed patterns by recognizing the structure of these data. We use a previous study of HIV-infected subjects as an example. TMTF outperforms standard methods like principal components analysis in the extent of reduction possible. Data reduction, in turn, improves the prediction of immune functional responses, classification of subjects based on their HIV control status, and interpretation of these resulting models. Interpretability is improved specifically by applying further data reduction, separation of the Fc from antigen-binding effects, and recognizing consistent patterns across individual measurements. Therefore, we propose that TMTF will be an effective general strategy for exploring and using systems serology.Summary pointsStructured decomposition provides substantial data reduction without loss of information.Predictions based on decomposed factors are accurate and robust to missing measurements.Decomposition structure improves the interpretability of modeling results.Decomposed factors represent meaningful patterns in the HIV humoral response.
Uncertainty in cell fate decision making: Lessons from potential landscapes of bifurcation systems
Authors: Guillemin Anissa , Roesch Elisabeth , Stumpf Michael P.H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCell fate decision making is known to be a complex process and is still far from being understood. The intrinsic complexity, but also features such as molecular noise represent challenges for modelling these systems. Waddington’s epigenetic landscape has become the overriding metaphor for developmental processes: it both serves as pictorial representation, and can be related to mathematical models. In this work we investigate how the landscape is affected by noise in the underlying system. Specifically, we focus on those systems where minor changes in the parameters cause major changes in the stability properties of the system, especially bifurcations. We analyse and quantify the changes in the landscape’s shape as the effects of noise increase. We find ample evidence for intricate interplay between noise and dynamics which can lead to qualitative change in a system’s dynamics and hence the corresponding landscape. In particular, we find that the effects can be most pronounced in the vicinity of the bifurcation point of the underlying deterministic dynamical systems, which would correspond to the cell fate decision event in cellular differentiation processes.
Levenshtein Distance as a Measure of Accuracy and Precision in Forensic PCR-MPS Methods
Authors: Young Brian , Faris Tom , Armogida Luigi 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTAccuracy and precision determinations are standard components of method validations where they help to describe the performance of methods. Despite their importance, a standard approach to calculating these parameters is not available for forensic PCR-MPS methods that detect sequence-based alleles. In this paper, we describe a method based on the Levenshtein distance metric which aptly summarizes method accuracy in terms of the closeness of read sequences to reference sequences, and method precision in terms of the agreement among read sequences. Inaccuracy or imprecision in forensic methods can lead to wrong allele calls. By expressing method performance in terms of a distance metric, this method places PCR-MPS on equal footing with distance-based measures in PCR-CE methods. Summary statistics based on the Levenshtein distance can be used to compare performance of different kits, markers, sequencers, or methods.
Zebrafish model of human Zellweger syndrome reveals organ specific accumulation of distinct fatty acid species and widespread gene expression changes
Authors: Takashima Shigeo , Takemoto Shoko , Toyoshi Kayoko , Ohba Akiko , Shimozawa Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTIn Zellweger syndrome (ZS), lack of peroxisome function causes physiological and developmental abnormalities in many organs such as the brain, liver, muscles, and kidneys, but little is known about the exact pathogenic mechanism. By disrupting the zebrafishpex2gene, we established a disease model for ZS and found that it exhibits a pathological condition and metabolic failures similar to that of human patients. By comprehensive analysis of fatty acid profile, we found organ specific accumulation and reduction of distinct fatty acid species such as an accumulation of ultra-very-long-chain polyunsturated fatty acids (ultra-VLCPUFAs) in the brain ofpex2mutant fish. Transcriptome analysis using microarray also revealed mutant-specific gene expression changes that might lead to the symptom, which include reduction ofcrystallin, troponin, parvalbumin, and fatty acid metabolic genes. Our data indicated that the loss of peroxisome results in widespread metabolic and gene expression changes beyond the causative peroxisomal function. These results suggest the genetic and metabolic basis of the pathology of this devastating human disease.
Assessing psychosis risk using quantitative markers of disorganised speech
Authors: Morgan Sarah E , Diederen Kelly , Vértes Petra E , Ip Samantha HY , Wang Bo , Thompson Bethany , Demjaha Arsime , De Micheli Andrea , Oliver Dominic , Liakata Maria , Fusar-Poli Paolo , Spencer Tom J , McGuire Philip 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRecent work has suggested that disorganised speech might be a powerful predictor of later psychotic illness in clinical high risk subjects. To that end, several automated measures to quantify disorganisation of transcribed speech have been proposed. However, it remains unclear which measures are most predictive of psychosis-onset, how different measures relate to each other and what the best strategies are to elicit disorganised speech from participants. Here, we assessed the ability of twelve automated Natural Language Processing markers to differentiate transcribed speech excerpts from subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis (N=25), first episode psychosis patients (N=16) and healthy control subjects (N=13; N=54 in total). In-line with previous work, several of these measures showed significant differences between groups, including semantic coherence and speech graph connectivity. We also proposed two additional measures of repetition and whether speech was on topic, the latter of which exhibited significant group differences and outperformed the prior, related measure of tangentiality. Most measures examined were only weakly related to each other, suggesting they provide complementary information and that combining different measures could provide additional power to predict the onset of psychotic illness. Finally, we compared the ability of transcribed speech generated using different tasks to differentiate the groups. Speech generated from picture descriptions of the Thematic Apperception Test and a story re-telling task outperformed free speech, suggesting that choice of speech generation method may be an important consideration. Overall, quantitative speech markers represent a promising direction for future diagnostic applications for psychosis risk.
Biogeographic position and body size jointly set lower thermal limits of wandering spiders
Authors: Monsimet Jérémy , Colinet Hervé , Devineau Olivier , Lafage Denis , Pétillon Julien 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMost species encounter large variations in abiotic conditions along their distribution range. Climate, and in particular temperature, varies along clinal gradients, which determines phenotypic plasticity, local adaptations and associated physiological responses of most terrestrial ectotherms, such as insects and spiders. This study aimed to determine how the biogeographic position of populations and the body size of two wandering spiders set their limits of cold (freezing) resistance. Using an ad-hoc design, we sampled relatively large numbers of individuals from four populations ofDolomedes fimbriatusand one population of the sister speciesDolomedes plantariusoriginating from contrasting climatic areas (temperate and continental climate), and compared their supercooling ability as an indicator of cold resistance. Results indicated that spiders from northern (continental) populations had higher cold resistance than spiders from a southern (temperate) populations. Larger spiders had a lower supercooling ability in northern populations. The red-listed and rarestD. plantariuswas slightly less cold-tolerant than the more commonD. fimbriatus, and this might be of importance in a context of climate change that could imply colder overwintering habitats in the north due to reduced snow cover protection.
Pulled Diversification Rates, Lineages-Through-Time Plots and Modern Macroevolutionary Modelling
Authors: Helmstetter Andrew J. , Glemin Sylvain , Käfer Jos , Zenil-Ferguson Rosana , Sauquet Hervé , de Boer Hugo , Dagallier Léo-Paul M. J. , Mazet Nathan , Reboud Eliette L. , Couvreur Thomas L. P. , Condamine Fabien L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEstimating time-dependent rates of speciation and extinction from dated phylogenetic trees of extant species (timetrees), and determining how and why they vary, is key to understanding how ecological and evolutionary processes shape biodiversity. Due to an increasing availability of phylogenetic trees, a growing number of process-based methods relying on the birth-death model have been developed in the last decade to address a variety of questions in macroevolution. However, this methodological progress has regularly been criticised such that one may wonder how reliable the estimations of speciation and extinction rates are. In particular, using lineages-through-time (LTT) plots, a recent study (Louca and Pennell, 2020) has shown that there are an infinite number of equally likely diversification scenarios that can generate any timetree. This has lead to questioning whether or not diversification rates should be estimated at all. Here we summarize, clarify, and highlight technical considerations on recent findings regarding the capacity of models to disentangle diversification histories. Using simulations we demonstrate the characteristics of newly-proposed “pulled rates” and their utility. We recognize that the recent findings are a step forward in understanding the behavior of macroevolutionary modelling, but they in no way suggest we should abandon diversification modelling altogether. On the contrary, the study of macroevolution using phylogenetic trees has never been more exciting and promising than today. We still face important limitations in regard to data availability and methodological shortcomings, but by acknowledging them we can better target our joint efforts as a scientific community.
Generalized cyclic contractions and coincidence points involving a control function on partial metric spaces
Authors: Mohanta Sushanta Kumar 
Published: January 2021

PurposeIn this paper, we use the notion of cyclic representation of a nonempty set with respect to a pair of mappings to obtain coincidence points and common fixed points for a pair of self-mappings satisfying some generalized contraction- type conditions involving a control function in partial metric spaces. Moreover, we provide some examples to analyze and illustrate our main results.Design/methodology/approachTheoretical method.FindingsWe establish some coincidence points and common fixed point results in partial metric spaces.Originality/valueResults of this study are new and interesting.
Disaster governance as the governance of decentralized systems: the case of the 2003 Bam earthquake in Iran
Authors: Farzadnia Armita , Fayazi Mahmood 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study aims to yield significant insight into decentralized Disaster Governance (DG), explaining the passage from selecting actors and defining actions to determining outcomes in a decentralized process.Design/methodology/approachWe adopt the systems thinking approach to investigate the reconstruction program after the 2003 Bam earthquake in Iran. In-depth interviews are our main source of data that are carefully triangulated with findings from the review of documents and our direct observations.FindingsWe detected many shortcomings in this program, among which incomplete decentralization is highly prominent. In the Bam recovery program, tasks were delegated to varied actors based on their capacities without considering potential conflicts of interests and their unbalanced authority to serve their benefits. Meanwhile, the impact of the country's unstable political climate on restricting or liberating actors' influence on the recovery program was overlooked. These split relationships between DG components finally obstructed decentralization by intensifying conflicts of interest, which eventually compromised recovery objectives.Practical implicationsThe results reveal the importance of adopting mechanisms to ensure monitoring systems' and governments' neutrality and limit any political influence over the outcomes.Originality/valueDG concept is relatively new in disaster literature and despite its advancement in the last two decades, many studies still contribute to the epistemology of DG and its assessment methodology. However, the relationship between DG's components remains still obscure. This study tries to bridge this gap and make the concept more practical.
University students’ self-regulation, engagement and performance in flipped learning
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Kim Nam Hui 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of students’ self-regulation, co-regulation and behavioral engagement on their performance in flipped learning environments in higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe subjects were college students taking an education course offered at a 4-year university in South Korea. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze 221 student responses.FindingsThe findings indicated that the more students self-regulated, the more likely they were to engage in co-regulation with other students in the class. Students’ self-regulation and co-regulation also significantly affected their behavioral engagement. Finally, students’ self-regulation positively affected their academic performance, while co-regulation and behavioral engagement did not affect their performance.Originality/valueBased on these findings, this study provides meaningful implications for scholars and practitioners on how to select and use more appropriate instructional and evaluation strategies to improve students’ positive behavior, engagement and performance in a flipped learning environment.
Employability implications of artificial intelligence in healthcare ecosystem: responding with readiness
Authors: Jain Mahima , Goel Apoorva , Sinha Shuchi , Dhir Sanjay 
Published: January 2021

PurposeIntervention of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought up the issue of future job prospects in terms of the employability of the professionals and their readiness to harness the benefits of the AI. The purpose of this study is to recognize the implications of AI on employability by analyzing the issues in the health-care sector that if not addressed, can dampen the possibilities offered by AI intervention and its pervasiveness (Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO, 2019).Design/methodology/approachTo get an insight on these concerns, an approach of total interpretive structural modelling, cross impact matrix multiplication applied to classification and path analysis have been used to understand the role of the critical factors influencing employability in the health-care sector.FindingsThis study primarily explores the driving-dependence power of the critical factors of the employability and displays hierarchical relationships. It also discusses measures which, if adopted, can enhance employability in the health-care sector with the intervention of AI.Research limitations/implicationsEmployability also has an impact on the productivity of the health-care service delivery which may provide a holistic opportunity to the management in health-care organizations to forecast the allocation and training of human resources and technological resources.Originality/valueThe paper attempts to analyze AI intervention and other driving factors (operational changes, customized training intervention, openness to learning, attitude toward technology, job-related skills and AI knowledge) to analyze their impact on employability with the changing needs. It establishes the hierarchical relationship among the critical factors influencing employability in the health-care sector because of the intervention of AI.
Consumption values and mobile banking services: understanding the urban–rural dichotomy in a developing economy
Authors: Karjaluoto Heikki , Glavee-Geo Richard , Ramdhony Dineshwar , Shaikh Aijaz A. , Hurpaul Ashna 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThis study develops a theoretical model of consumption values regarding the technology adoption of mobile banking (m-banking) services, with the financial service sector as the empirical context. This study aims to evaluate whether consumption values influence trust and intention. Furthermore, the authors explore how the consumer type (i.e. urban vs rural) differs in consumption values regarding adopting m-banking services.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study were gathered from 246 responses collected from individuals living in a country with a developing market, using a survey instrument. The six study hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsThe authors found support for effects from functional, epistemic and emotional value on intention. Functional and emotional value significantly influenced trust, while social and epistemic value did not. Social value was a significant moderator between functional value and intention. Consumers who were relatively unconcerned with social value were more motivated by functional value, while consumers who placed great emphasis on social value were motivated by epistemic value. Multigroup analysis showed that the effect from functional value on trust was stronger for urban than rural customers, while the effect from emotional value on trust was stronger for rural than urban customers.Practical implicationsOverall, functional value is the strongest predictor of trust and intention; therefore, bank managers are encouraged to promote m-banking services' functional value to increase trust and attract more users by promoting their companies' m-banking application. M-banking customers can also be classified based on the benefits in which they are most interested.Originality/valueThe study is one of the first attempts to demonstrate empirically how consumption values' dimensions drive m-banking use among different types of customers in a developing market context with a high m-banking penetration rate.