bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shunting Inhibition Improves Synchronization in Heterogeneous Inhibitory Interneuronal Networks with Type 1 Excitability Whereas Hyperpolarizing Inhibition Is Better for Type 2 Excitability
Authors: Tikidji-Hamburyan Ruben A. , Canavier Carmen C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAll-to-all homogeneous networks of inhibitory neurons synchronize completely under the right conditions; however, many modeling studies have shown that biological levels of heterogeneity disrupt synchrony. Our fundamental scientific question is “how can neurons maintain partial synchrony in the presence of heterogeneity and noise?” A particular subset of strongly interconnected interneurons, the PV+ fast-spiking (FS) basket neurons, are strongly implicated in γ oscillations and in phase locking of nested γ oscillations to theta. Their excitability type apparently varies between brain regions: in CA1 and the dentate gyrus they have type 1 excitability, meaning that they can fire arbitrarily slowly, whereas in the striatum and cortex they have type 2 excitability, meaning that there is a frequency thresh old below which they cannot sustain repetitive firing. We constrained the models to study the effect of excitability type (more precisely bifurcation type) in isolation from all other factors. We use sparsely connected, heterogeneous, noisy networks with synaptic delays to show that synchronization properties, namely the resistance to suppression and the strength of theta phase to γ amplitude coupling, are strongly dependent on the pairing of excitability type with the type of inhibition. Shunting inhibition performs better for type 1 and hyperpolarizing inhibition for type 2. γ Oscillations and their nesting within theta oscillations are thought to subserve cognitive functions like memory encoding and recall; therefore, it is important to understand the contribution of intrinsic properties to these rhythms.
Analisis Mekanisme Transmisi Kebijakan Moneter Jalur Ekspektasi dalam Mempengaruhi Inflasi di Indonesia
Authors: Janah Ilma Ulfatul , Pujiati Amin 
Published: March 2020

Tujuan dari Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui alur dari mekanisme transmisi kebijakan moneter jalur ekspektasi dalam mempengaruhi inflasi di Indonesia, pengaruh jangka panjang dan jangka pendek serta guncangan variabel suku bunga, nilai tukar, ekspektasi inflasi, output gap dan PDB terhadap inflasi di Indonesia. Variabel yang digunakan adalah BI Rate, Nilai Tukar, Ekspektasi Inflasi, Output Gap, PDB dan Inflasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data bulanan deret waktu dari Januari 2006-Juni 2016 yang bersumber dari Bank Indonesia dan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dengan menggunakan alat analisis Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa alur mekanisme transmisi kebijakan moneter jalur ekspektasi dalam mempengaruhi inflasi di Indonesia berjalan berkesinambungan dengan ditunjukan adanya hubungan dua arah antara variabel nilai tukar dan inflasi. Pada jangka pendek variabel BI Rate, Nilai Tukar dan Output Gap signifikan dan berpengaruh positif terhadap inflasi, variabel ekspektasi inflasi signifikan dan berpengaruh terhadap inflasi dan variabel PDB tidak signifikan terhadap inflasi di Indonesia, sedangkan dalam jangka Panjang variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap laju inflasi hanya BI Rate dan ekspektasi inflasi.
The purpose of this research is to analyze and know the flow of monetary policy transmission mechanism of expectation line in influencing inflation in Indonesia, to analyze and to know the influence of long-term and short-term and the shocks of interest rate, exchange rate, inflation expectations, output gap and GDP on inflation in Indonesia. The variables used in this research are BI Rate, Exchange Rate, Inflation Expectation, Output Gap, GDP and Inflation. The data used in this research is monthly data of time series from January 2006 until June 2016 which come from Bank Indonesia (BI) and Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). The method used in this research is Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result of research indicates that: The flow of monetary policy transmission mechanism of expectation line in influencing inflation in Indonesia runs continuously with indicated the existence of two-way relationship between exchange rate and inflation variable, in the short term, the BI Rate, Exchange Rate and Output Gap are significant and positively affect inflation, inflation expectation variables are significant and affect inflation and GDP variable is insignificant to inflation in Indonesia, while in long run variable affecting inflation rate Only the BI Rate and inflation expectations.
Marginal Propensity to Save of Workers in Textile Products Industry (TPT)
Authors: Ulya Khalwatul , Prasetyo P. Eko 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to find out the desire to save the textile industry workers in Semarang Regency and the factors that influence it. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study was Labor at 10 TPT Industries totaling 17,757. The sample was determined by 100 respondents using the Slovin formula, and was considered representative. The sampling technique used is simple random. Methods of collecting data used questionnaires, interviews and observations. Data analysis method used multiple linear regression. The variables used in this study are age, income, consumption and education level as independent variables. While the desire to save as a dependent variable. The results showed that the income variable and education level had a positive and not significant effect, the consumption variable had a negative and significant influence, the age variable had a negative and not significant effect on saving desires. Suggestions for optimizing the increase in savings, employees should be able to increase the desire to save by consuming as needed and reduce unnecessary expenses so that the amount of savings can be increased and the benefits of saving can be felt.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keinginan untuk menyelamatkan pekerja industri tekstil di Kabupaten Semarang dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Tenaga Kerja di 10 Industri TPT dengan total 17.757. Sampel ditentukan oleh 100 responden menggunakan rumus Slovin, dan dianggap representatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah acak sederhana. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara dan observasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah usia, pendapatan, konsumsi dan tingkat pendidikan sebagai variabel independen. Sedangkan keinginan untuk menabung sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel pendapatan dan tingkat pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan, variabel konsumsi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, variabel umur berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap keinginan menabung. Saran untuk mengoptimalkan peningkatan tabungan, karyawan harus dapat meningkatkan keinginan untuk menabung dengan mengkonsumsi sesuai kebutuhan dan mengurangi biaya yang tidak perlu sehingga jumlah tabungan dapat ditingkatkan dan manfaat dari tabungan dapat dirasakan.
Analysis of Willingness to Pay Integrated Waste Management
Authors: Bakara Tionarta , Bowo Prasetyo Ari 
Published: March 2020

Waste volume in Semarang City increases every year. Local Regulation Number 6 Year 2012 forces households to reduce waste through 3R. 83% pre-survey citizens in West Semarang District have not done it yet. It needs an improvement on waste management. The purpose of this research is to know the citizen’s willingness to pay rate of West Semarang District on waste management improvement and to analyze the factors affecting willingness to pay. The data used in this research is Primary Data. The population in this research is 100 households in West Semarang District. Data collection method is using interview. Data analysis method is using Contingent Valuation Method and multiple linear regression. The result shows that 68 respondents are willing to pay and 32 respondents are not. The amount of willingness to pay is Rp16.838. Influencing factors of willingness to pay are education level and staying duration. The recommendation of this research is the higher willingness to pay should be followed by better management service. Citizens can improve willingness to pay by having higher education level so that they realize the importance of maintaining environment. To increase willingness to pay, the higher family members the more they should have a good knowledge so that their perception about the payment based on head of the family will decrease.
Volume sampah di Kota Semarang meningkat setiap tahun. Peraturan Daerah Nomor 6 Tahun 2012 memaksa rumah tangga untuk mengurangi limbah melalui 3R. 83% warga pra-survei di Kabupaten Semarang Barat belum melakukannya. Perlu perbaikan dalam pengelolaan limbah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesediaan warga untuk membayar tarif Kabupaten Semarang Barat pada peningkatan pengelolaan limbah dan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan untuk membayar. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Data Primer. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 rumah tangga di Kabupaten Semarang Barat. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara. Metode analisis data menggunakan Metode Contingent Valuation dan regresi linier berganda. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa 68 responden bersedia membayar dan 32 responden tidak. Jumlah kemauan untuk membayar adalah Rp16.838. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemauan untuk membayar adalah tingkat pendidikan dan durasi tinggal. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah semakin tinggi kesediaan untuk membayar harus diikuti oleh layanan manajemen yang lebih baik. Warga dapat meningkatkan kemauan untuk membayar dengan memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang lebih tinggi sehingga mereka menyadari pentingnya menjaga lingkungan. Untuk meningkatkan kemauan membayar, semakin tinggi anggota keluarga semakin mereka harus memiliki pengetahuan yang baik sehingga persepsi mereka tentang pembayaran berdasarkan kepala keluarga akan berkurang.
Strategy of Implementation Highest Medium Rice Retail Price Policy
Authors: Rifai Riyan Nur 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out what factors influence the implementation of the policy and formulate the strategy for implementing the policy. The main data type is primary data and is equipped with secondary data. Data collection methods are used interviews, questionnaires and literature studies. Research analysis used a SWOT analysis tool. Based on the results of the study that internal factors and external factors that influence the strength of internal factors consisting of easily published policies, adequate human resources, policy objectives and clear sanctions for policy violators. The weakness side is that the level of supervision is not optimal, the implementer rejects the policy, the highest retail price level is not right and the policy information has not been clearly conveyed. Whereas the opportunity side of external factors is the ability to increase rice stocks with imports, the government's readiness to fill rice stocks in the market and the public's encouragement to maintain stability in rice price stability. The threat side is the availability of rice from limited farmers, disruption of rice production factors and a long rice distribution chain. The right strategy used today is a defensive strategy.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan tersebut dan merumuskan strategi implementasi kebijakan tersebut. Jenis data utama digunakan data primer dan dilengkapi data sekunder. Metode pengambilan data digunakan wawancara, kuisioner dan studi kepustakaan. Analisis penelitian digunakan alat analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa faktor internal dan faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi yaitu dari sisi kekuatan pada faktor internal terdiri dari kebijakan mudah dipublikasikan, sumber daya manusia memadai, tujuan kebijakan dan sanksi jelas bagi pelanggar kebijakan. Sisi kelemahan yaitu tingkat pengawasan belum optimal, pelaksana menolak kebijakan, tingkat harga eceran tertinggi belum tepat dan informasi kebijakan belum tersampaikan dengan jelas. Sedangkan sisi peluang dari faktor eksternal yaitu kemampuan menambah persediaan beras dengan impor, kesiapan pemerintah untuk mengisi persediaan beras di pasar dan dorongan masyarakat untuk menjaga stabilitas stabilitas harga beras. Sisi ancaman yaitu ketersediaan beras dari petani terbatas, gangguan faktor produksi beras dan rantai distribusi beras panjang. Strategi yang tepat digunakan saat ini yaitu strategi defensif.
Ovarian cancer cells with CD133+ phenotype is more resistant against Ngai Bun Boesenbergia pandurata extract than original ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Nguyen Oanh Thi-Kieu , Pham Phuc Van 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Due to the difficulty in early detection and treatment of ovarian cancer, many research studies and clinical trials have been developed to discover more efficient therapies. Besides Western medicine, traditional medicine has gained increased interest as a research field with potential to lead to the production of marketable therapeutic products. With the diversity of tropical plants in Asia, traditional medicine has been very popular and has served as a traditional therapy for generations. The Ngai bun (Boesenbergia pandurata) root is used not only as a food spice but also in ethnomedicine. This study aimed to compare the anti-tumor activity of Boesenbergia pandurata root extract against ovarian cancer cells and CD133+ ovarian cancer cells that were enriched from the original ovarian cancer cells.
Methods: Crude extract of Boesenbergia pandurata roots were prepared in two kinds of solvents (methanol and chloroform). The ovarian cancer cells OVP-10 were used in this study. The population of CD133+ ovarian cancer cells (CD133+OVP-10) were sorted from the OVP-10 cancer cells. Both OVP-10 cells and CD133+OVP-10 cells were treated with these crude extracts. Adiposederived stem cells (ADSCs) were used as control normal cells for all assays. The anti-tumor activity of extracts were evaluated based on the IC50 values.
Results: Based on the IC50 index, the chloroform extract had an anti-tumor activity higher than that of methanol extract, on both OVP-10 and CD133+OPV-10 cells (IC50 of methanol and chloroform extracts were 330.1 +/- 16.9 ug/mL and 246.5 +/- 21.2 ug/mL, respectively, for OVP-10 cells; IC50 of methanol and chloroform extracts were 411.8 +/- 83.7 ug/mL and 307 +/- 9.2 ug/mL respectively, for CD133+OVP-10 cells). The results also showed that CD133+OVP-10 cells were more resistant to chloroform extract than were OVP-10 cells (307 +/- 9.2 mg/mL vs. 246.5 +/- 21.2 mg/mL, respectively, for CD133+OVP-10 vs. OVP-10 cells, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The chloroform extract of Boesenbergia pandurata roots displayed strong antitumor activity against ovarian cancer cells OVP-10 and CD133+OVP-10; the latter cells were found to be more resistant than the original ovarian cancer cells.
EĞİTSEL VERİ MADENCİLİĞİ İLE İLGİLİ 2006-2016 YILLARI ARASINDA YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TEKİN Ahmet , ÖZTEKİN Zeynep 
Published: March 2020

Veri madenciliği mevcut verileri analiz
etmede, ilişkileri çıkarmada ve eldeki verilerden anlamlı bilgiler ortaya
çıkarmada kullanılan bir tekniktir. Veri madenciliği sayesinde elle açığa
çıkarılması zor olan ve zaman alan gizli bilgiler daha kolay bir şekilde açığa
çıkarılmaktadır. Bu sebeplerle günümüzde veri madenciliğine yönelik araştırmaların
sayısı artmıştır. Veri madenciliği birçok alanda olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da
kullanılmaktadır. Eğitim sistemleriyle ilgili araştırmaların artmasıyla Eğitsel
Veri Madenciliği alanına yönelen bir araştırma topluluğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Eğitim
alanında; öğrencilerin öğrenme davranışları, öğretim, rehberlik, yönetim,
öğrencilerin başarı durumları, okuldan ayrılma nedenleri, seçmeli ders
seçimleri gibi çalışmalara alanyazında rastlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada 2006-2016
yılları arasında eğitsel veri madenciliği ile ilgili yayınlanmış olan
çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Eğitsel veri
madenciliği alanı ile ilgili yayınların yer aldığı düşünülen yedi farklı
veritabanındaki makaleler, belirlenen ölçütler kapsamında taranmıştır. İncelenen
çalışmalar, yayın yılı, araştırma konusu, veri türü, çalışma grubu, veri
toplama araçları vb. ölçütlere göre betimsel istatistikî yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma bulgularına göre, çalışmaların çoğunun araştırma konusu akademik
başarı ve öğrenci performansıdır. Yine araştırma bulgularına göre, çalışma
grubunu çoğunlukla lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinin oluşturduğu görülmektedir.
Elde edilen sonuçların
gelecek çalışmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.
Kashmir Conflict: Tracing the History Suggesting the Solution
Authors: Nabi Peer Ghulam , Khan Muhammad Ammad 
Published: March 2020

Kashmir, once known for its mesmerizing beauty, peace and tolerance in the world, has now been seen as a bloody conflict zone, since 1989. Over the years, numbers of Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) were taken by India and Pakistan, but all the initiatives fail to bring long-term peace in the region. This paper examines two questions: why Kashmiris chose to go for armed struggle against India and why peace building initiatives lead by India and Pakistan failed to bring long term peace in the region? The study will further try to analyze the interests of the different stakeholders in order to find a peaceful, acceptable, and achievable solution to the conflict region. On the basis of Stakeholder Analysis the paper argues that India and Pakistan need to go beyond existing non-engagement and occasional bilateral policy of negotiation to trilateral negotiation by engaging Kashmiri political leadership to get the win-win, peaceful resolution of the conflict. The absence of Kashmiris in any negotiation process will not bring long lasting solution to the region.
JEL Classification Code: R5
Knowledge and Attitudes about HIV/AIDS among the Slum Dwellers in Dhaka City
Authors: Basher Abul Khair , Tania Fatema 
Published: March 2020

HIV/AIDS is found commonly among sexually active young adults, many of whom may live in slum. This group may serve as the gateway for HIV transmission to the general population because of their vulnerable lifestyle, and lack of information about the disease and its prevention. Cross-sectional questionnaire-based study of 116 slum dweller was carried out in a selected slum area. Among them highest age group is 43.10% (26-35) and the Mean age of population is 26.5 SD ±5.34. (43.10%) of the respondents are male and were (56.90%) of the respondents are female. The large numbers of the respondents (43.10%) cannot read and write, 34.48% people have primary education. Most of the respondents (39.67%) income level is (2000-5000) and Median income is 8500 SD±4514.9. Table shows that 83.62% were married, 72.41% respondents live in the nuclear family and 56.9% respondents have family member of 2-4 persons. Large numbers (32.76%) of the respondents are working as house maid. 87.93% of the respondents heard the name of HIV/AIDS and the source of information was Media (Radio, TV, newspaper.). Majority (60.34%) respondents thought that HIV/AIDS is a disease but 10.34% seems that it is a curse of God. Out of total respondents 66 thought that unsafe physical relation is the foremost source of infection and about prevention 46.55% respondents told that protected sexual measure can prevent the disease. Majority (64.66%) of the respondents don’t know signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS but rest of them thought that Rapid weight loss, Dry cough for more than 2/3 months, Recurring fever for more than 2/3 months and Diarrhea lasting more than a week are the symptom of HIV/AIDS. Most (41.38%) of the respondents told that HIV/AIDS cured by treatment and 89.66% respondents thought that the patients should not isolated from family. Their knowledge level is seems too reduced.
Action Research in English for Specific Purposes: English Language for the Medical Students in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Liza 
Published: March 2020

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) has flourished to meet the growing demand of the academic and professional learners. Since the tertiary level of education is the concern, ESP can be a way out to teach English as a second or foreign language. At the end of primary, secondary and higher-secondary level of English language education, a learner is expected to have a good command of the four skills of English language. Even though, if one fails to have the proficiency, s/he needs intensive teaching. ESP has very thoughtful and research-oriented arrangement for language teaching by needs analysis, formulation of goals and objectives, specific syllabus design, appropriate material development, effective teaching, and accurate evaluation.
In ESP, the practitioner, who is a needs analyst, is also a setter of goals and objectives, a syllabus designer, a material developer and a teacher as well as an evaluator. For this reason, there lies no gap among the steps of a whole project of language teaching. ESP learners are mature and more enthusiastic. In ESP, syllabus design depends on the analysis of the language used in the target area of learners. Sometimes, the syllabus designers consider the learners’ opinions. Teaching materials are collected from the area of job or study of the learners. Interests, target and levels of previous knowledge of the ESP learners usually vary. Thus, for an individual group, a tailor-made ESP course is, therefore, suitable. The goal of the present action research is to design an English language course for the medical students.
In my professional life, I used to teach English language to the medical students. Since I taught them with general English language materials, I observed a gap between their target area and English language. “They cannot relate their achieved language knowledge to the medical context. For example, in a class, when they are asked to solve some exercises of active and passive voices, they can solve properly. But when they define terms like hypertension, or nervous system, they confidently use called/ call/ calls instead of is/ are called. Medical students are really motivated by their subject specific texts. It is my assumption that, specific English language course can solve the problem by bridging the gap between their knowledge and their proficiency language.” (Sharmin, L. -2011). On the basis of the information of data, collected from one preset questionnaire, I have analyzed needs and formulated an ESP course obtaining vocabulary, topic and examples from medical context. I found the classes more effective and interesting with these special materials. I have collected another set of data. I compared the data and found the results very optimistic.