bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time course of conjunctival hyperemia induced by omidenepag isopropyl ophthalmic solution 0.002%: a pilot, comparative study versus ripasudil 0.4%
Authors: Terao Etsuko , Nakakura Shunsuke , Fujisawa Yasuko , Nagata Yuki , Ueda Kanae , Kobayashi Yui , Oogi Satomi , Dote Saki , Shiraishi Miku , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Yoneda Tsuyoshi , Fukushima Atsuki , Asaoka Ryo , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveWe investigated the detailed time course of conjunctival hyperemia induced by omidenepag isopropyl ophthalmic solution 0.002% (omidenepag), a selective prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 agonist.Methods and analysisWe recruited 34 healthy subjects and administered omidenepag in the right eye and ripasudil 0.4% in the left eye. We evaluated conjunctival hyperemia using slit-lamp photography at baseline and after 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 360 min. The conjunctival hyperemia score was graded by three independent observers using a scale from 0 (none) to 3 (severe). We also evaluated conjunctival hyperemia by the pixel coverage of conjunctival blood vessels (per cent coverage) determined using a conjunctival hyperemia-analysing software.ResultsIn omidenepag, the conjunctival hyperemia score and per cent coverage peaked at both 30 min (mean score±SD: 1.57±0.67 and 11.90%±3.66%, respectively) and then gradually decreased at 60 min (10.79%±3.32%) and 120 min (1.10±0.52) when they reached a level that was not significantly different from the baseline values. For ripasudil 0.4%, the peak time of the conjunctival hyperemia score and per cent coverage were both at 15 min (score: 2.42±0.54 and 15.26%±3.38%). The degree of conjunctival hyperemia was significantly higher for ripasudil 0.4% than that for omidenepag from 15 to 30 min in both the conjunctival hyperemia score and per cent coverage (p<0.007 by Bonferroni correction).ConclusionConjunctival hyperemia induced by omidenepag gradually peaks to moderate severity, though weaker compared with that induced by ripasudil 0.4%, and subsides relatively quickly.
Major GI bleeding in older persons using aspirin: incidence and risk factors in the ASPREE randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mahady Suzanne E , Margolis Karen L , Chan Andrew , Polekhina Galina , Woods Robyn L , Wolfe Rory , Nelson Mark R , Lockery Jessica E , Wood Erica M , Reid Christopher , Ernst Michael E , Murray Anne , Thao LTP , McNeil John J 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveThere is a lack of robust data on significant gastrointestinal bleeding in older people using aspirin. We calculated the incidence, risk factors and absolute risk using data from a large randomised, controlled trial.DesignData were extracted from an aspirin versus placebo primary prevention trial conducted throughout 2010–2017 (‘ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE)’, n=19 114) in community-dwelling persons aged ≥70 years. Clinical characteristics were collected at baseline and annually. The endpoint was major GI bleeding that resulted in transfusion, hospitalisation, surgery or death, adjudicated independently by two physicians blinded to trial arm.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 4.7 years (88 389 person years), there were 137 upper GI bleeds (89 in aspirin arm and 48 in placebo arm, HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.66, p<0.01) and 127 lower GI bleeds (73 in aspirin and 54 in placebo arm, HR 1.36, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.94, p=0.08) reflecting a 60% increase in bleeding overall. There were two fatal bleeds in the placebo arm. Multivariable analyses indicated age, smoking, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and obesity increased bleeding risk. The absolute 5-year risk of bleeding was 0.25% (95% CI 0.16% to 0.37%) for a 70 year old not on aspirin and up to 5.03% (2.56% to 8.73%) for an 80 year old taking aspirin with additional risk factors.ConclusionAspirin increases overall GI bleeding risk by 60%; however, the 5-year absolute risk of serious bleeding is modest in younger, well individuals. These data may assist patients and their clinicians to make informed decisions about prophylactic use of aspirin.Trial registration numberASPREE. NCT01038583.
Adsorption of alkali metals on graphitic carbon nitride: A first-principles study
Authors: Bai Kaifei , Cui Zhen , Li Enling , Ding Yingchun , Zheng Jiangshan , Zheng Yanpeng , Liu Chang 
Published: August 2020

The electronic and optical properties of the adsorption of alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N[Formula: see text] were calculated and studied based on the first principles of density functional theory. The results investigate that alkali metals adsorbed g-C3N4 has metallic properties, while intrinsic g-C3N4 was semiconducting. Importantly, the charge density differential investigated the charge transfer discovered between the alkali metal and the g-C3N4 monolayer. Meanwhile, the charges (electrons) transfer from the alkali metals to the g-C3N4 system leading to the increase of most carriers in the g-C3N4 system, reducing the resistance of sensors, which is conducive to sensor detection applications. The work function of g-C3N4 decreased from 4.82 eV to 4.09 eV. Especially, the work function of Cs-adsorbed g-C3N4 is the lowest at 4.09 eV, and the reduction rate is 15.15 %, indicating it easier to emit electrons from an external electric field. Moreover, the absorption spectrum of the alkali metal adsorbed on g-C3N4 in the visible light range shows absorption peaks at 380 nm, 412 nm, 420 nm and 476 nm, which cover the visible light area. Thus, the alkali metals adsorbed g-C3N4 system can be used for visible light catalytic. Adsorption of alkali metals can expand the application of g-C3N4 in optoelectronic devices.
Model-theoretic Elekes–Szabó in the strongly minimal case
Authors: Chernikov Artem , Starchenko Sergei 
Published: August 2020

We prove a generalization of the Elekes–Szabó theorem [G. Elekes and E. Szabó, How to find groups? (and how to use them in Erdos geometry?), Combinatorica 32(5) 537–571 (2012)] for relations definable in strongly minimal structures that are interpretable in distal structures.
Inverse Fuzzy Graphs with Applications
Authors: Borzooei R. A. , Almallah R. , Jun Y. B. , Ghaznavi H. 
Published: August 2020

Rosenfeld [A. Rosenfeld, Fuzzy Graphs, Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications, eds. L. A. Zadeh, K. S. Fu and M. Shimura (Academic Press, New York, 1975), pp. 77–95.] defined the fuzzy relations on the fuzzy sets and developed the structure of fuzzy graph, as a graph with a membership degree (between zero and one) for the vertices and edges such that the membership degree of every edge is less than or equal to the minimum of the membership degree of its endpoints. Although this model of graph has many applications in the real life, it fails to solve a lot of problems, which we can use graph for its representation. This paper aimed to demonstrate a new type of graph with a membership degree (between zero and one) for the vertices and edges so that the membership degree of every edge becomes more than or equals the minimum of the membership degrees of its endpoints. This new type of graph is called inverse fuzzy graph “or” I-fuzzy graph, which can play a role in solving many problems which are not solved by fuzzy graph.
THE SPEECHES OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK’s PRESIDENTS: AN NLP STUDY
Authors: WARIN THIERRY , SANGER WILLIAM 
Published: August 2020

This paper introduces natural language processing into the study of central banking. It studies the evolution of the ECB’s communication through time, considering its three subsequent presidents (W. Duisenberg, J. C. Trichet and M. Draghi) and the pre- and post-2008 financial crisis era. It helps understand the history of the ECB since its inception. From a methodological standpoint, we study the evolution of the ECB’s speeches. The speech analysis is based on text classification and sentiment/polarity analyses. For that purpose, we have built a unique dataset of the ECB’s speeches. We have coded algorithms to run the text analysis through time. They help us capture the evolution in the ECB’s understanding of the actual economic situation and also measure — for instance — the stress level at the ECB through a polarity analysis through time.
Effects for efficiency: asymptotic speedup with first-class control
Authors: Hillerström Daniel , Lindley Sam , Longley John 
Published: August 2020

We study the fundamental efficiency of delimited control. Specifically, we show that effect handlers enable an asymptotic improvement in runtime complexity for a certain class of functions. We consider thegeneric countproblem using a pure PCF-like base language λband its extension with effect handlers λh.We show that λhadmits an asymptotically more efficient implementation of generic count than any λbimplementation.We also show that this efficiency gap remains when λbis extended with mutable state.To our knowledge this result is the first of its kind for control operators.
Operation of SOFC Short-Stacks with Simulated Bio-Syngas: Influence of Model Tars Naphthalene and Phenol
Authors: Hauser Michael , Herrmann Stephan , Hauck Maximilian , Fendt Sebastian , Lenser Christian , Menzler Norbert H. , Spliethoff Hartmut 
Published: August 2020

Operation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with bio-syngas from the gasification of biomass is a promising approach to highly efficient and sustainable power generation. At the same time, the coupling is challenging as several biogenic impurities in the bio-syngas have a negative effect on the SOFC. For this paper the impacts of the impurities naphthalene and phenol on SOFC short-stacks were investigated experimentally for the first time. The cell in the stacks were anode-supported SOFCs with Ni/YSZ anode. The experiments were performed at 700 °C under load with simulated bio-syngas consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor. 2 g Nm−3 of naphthalene (350 ppm) caused a pronounced voltage drop and an increase in cell temperature. By analysing the anode off-gas and recording of I–V-curves, it could be shown that naphthalene blocked the electrochemical hydrogen oxidation as well as the reforming of methane and the shift reaction of carbon monoxide. Up to 8 g Nm−3 of phenol (1900 ppm), on the other hand, led to carbon deposition and irreversibly damaged the structure of the anode substrate by metal dusting. This form of degradation was not visible in the electrochemical data during operation.
Endothelin-1–Mediated Drug Resistance in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Pulido Inés , Ollosi Stephen , Aparisi Salvador , Becker Jeffrey H. , Aliena-Valero Alicia , Benet Marta , Rodríguez María L. , López Adrián , Tamayo-Torres Eva , Chuliá-Peris Lourdes , García-Cañaveras Juan Carlos , Soucheray Margaret , Dalheim Annika V. , Salom Juan B. , Qiu Wei , Kaja Simon , Fernández-Coronado Javier Alcácer , Alandes Sandra , Alcácer Javier , Al-Shahrour Fátima , Borgia Jeffrey A. , Juan Oscar , Nishimura Michael I. , Lahoz Agustín , Carretero Julián , Shimamura Takeshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Progression on therapy in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is often evaluated radiographically, however, image-based evaluation of said therapies may not distinguish disease progression due to intrinsic tumor drug resistance or inefficient tumor penetration of the drugs. Here we report that the inhibition of mutated EGFR promotes the secretion of a potent vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1 (EDN1), which continues to increase as the cells become resistant with a mesenchymal phenotype. As EDN1 and its receptor (EDNR) is linked to cancer progression, EDNR-antagonists have been evaluated in several clinical trials with disappointing results. These trials were based on a hypothesis that the EDN1-EDNR axis activates the MAPK-ERK signaling pathway that is vital to the cancer cell survival; the trials were not designed to evaluate the impact of tumor-derived EDN1 in modifying tumor microenvironment or contributing to drug resistance. Ectopic overexpression of EDN1 in cells with mutated EGFR resulted in poor drug delivery and retarded growth in vivo but not in vitro. Intratumoral injection of recombinant EDN significantly reduced blood flow and subsequent gefitinib accumulation in xenografted EGFR-mutant tumors. Furthermore, depletion of EDN1 or the use of endothelin receptor inhibitors bosentan and ambrisentan improved drug penetration into tumors and restored blood flow in tumor-associated vasculature. Correlatively, these results describe a simplistic endogenous yet previously unrealized resistance mechanism inherent to a subset of EGFR-mutant NSCLC to attenuate tyrosine kinase inhibitor delivery to the tumors by limiting drug-carrying blood flow and the drug concentration in tumors.

Significance:
EDNR antagonists can be repurposed to improve drug delivery in VEGFA–secreting tumors, which normally respond to TKI treatment by secreting EDN1, promoting vasoconstriction, and limiting blood and drug delivery.
High Tumor Mutational Burden Correlates with Longer Survival in Immunotherapy-Naïve Patients with Diverse Cancers
Authors: Riviere Paul , Goodman Aaron M. , Okamura Ryosuke , Barkauskas Donald A. , Whitchurch Theresa J. , Lee Suzanna , Khalid Noor , Collier Rachel , Mareboina Manvita , Frampton Garrett M. , Fabrizio David , Sharabi Andrew B. , Kato Shumei , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Higher tumor mutational burden (TMB) has been correlated with response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. However, it is unclear whether TMB independently serves as a prognostic biomarker for outcomes in immunotherapy-naïve patients. Here, we evaluated the relationship between TMB and overall survival in 1,415 immunotherapy-naïve patients with diverse advanced malignancies. TMB was studied both as a tiered variable (low ≤5 mutations/Mb, intermediate &gt;5 and &lt;20, high ≥20 and &lt;50, and very high ≥50) and as a continuous variable. Interestingly, we observed a parabolic correlation between TMB and overall survival, in which intermediate-range TMB correlated with decreased survival, whereas low and very high TMB correlated with improved outcomes (median survival: 238, 174, 195, and 350 weeks for low, intermediate, high, and very high TMB, respectively; multivariate P &lt; 0.01). This corresponded to an HR of 1.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.54; P &lt; 0.01) for intermediate-range TMB on multivariable survival analysis correcting for known confounders, including primary tumor of origin. These results demonstrate that TMB may have utility as a prognostic biomarker in immunotherapy-naïve patients, with a protective effect at higher TMBs, and that studies of survival in immunotherapy-treated patients may need to stratify or randomize by TMB in a nonlinear fashion to account for this confounding.
Ações coletivas de mães em luto da Zona Leste de São Paulo
Authors: Calado Maria Da Glória 
Published: August 2020

O trabalho tem o objetivo de verificar o papel da rede social digital Facebook na ressignificação do luto de mães que perderam seus filhos - em sua maioria, jovens - em decorrência de homicídios em regiões periféricas da Zona Leste de São Paulo (SP). Adotou-se a análise de conteúdo (KRIPPENDORF, 1990) em publicações feitas entre 03 de maio de 2016 e 20 de outubro de 2018 da página “Mães em Luto da Zona Leste”, no Facebook, criada por integrantes de um movimento social de mesmo nome. O levantamento revelou que a rede social é usada para compartilhar angústias, dores e indignações face à violência do Estado. Infere-se que as publicações contribuem para humanizar as mortes, mobilizar outras pessoas na luta e construir reivindicações pela garantia dos direitos humanos.
Educação ambiental e patrimonial
Authors: Costa Maurício José Morasi , Duailibe Rafael De Oliveira , Cutrim Kláutenys Dellene Guedes , Feitosa Antonio Cordeiro 
Published: August 2020

Estudo acerca das perspectivas e contribuições do diálogo entre educação patrimonial e educação ambiental para a preservação do patrimônio natural e o desenvolvimento da área Itaqui-Bacanga em São Luís do Maranhão. Aborda o patrimônio natural e a educação ambiental a partir de breve contextualização histórica e conceituação. Disserta sobre patrimônio cultural e educação patrimonial para esclarecer a relação que tais categorias estabelecem com a educação ambiental. Discute a relação necessária entre educação patrimonial, ambiental e patrimônio natural, bem como as contribuições desse diálogo para a preservação do patrimônio ambiental da área Itaqui-Bacanga. Caracteriza a área e, em seguida, aponta as perspectivas e estratégias de educação ambiental e patrimonial para preservação do patrimônio natural na região. Reforça que trabalhar a educação patrimonial e ambiental na área Itaqui-Bacanga deve ser algo conjunto, com vistas à preservação dos patrimônios culturais e naturais.
Respostas das geleiras do Monte Melimoyu, Chile, às tendências mais secas e quentes da Patagônia Norte nas últimas décadas
Authors: Idalino Filipe Daros , Rosa Kátia Kellem da , Simões Jefferson Cardia 
Published: August 2020

Neste trabalho foram investigadas variações de área nas geleiras no Monte Melimoyu (44ºS, 72ºO) no período de 1970-2017, e as possíveis relações com a variabilidade climática entre 1950 e 2017. Dados ópticos do Sentinel-2A, de elevação do Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) ASTER-GDEM v.2, e de área das geleiras do inventário GLIMS foram utilizados na análise em SIG. As séries temporais de precipitação do Explorador Climático - Chile, e dados de reanálise de temperatura da universidade de Delaware foram utilizados para a análise climática. A área das geleiras diminuiu de 80,97 km² em 1970 para 52,14 km² em 2017, representando 35,6% de área, com destaques para a retração de geleiras no Oeste, Sudoeste, Norte e Nordeste, com perdas entre 65% e 44% de área total, e variações de elevação da linha de frente entre 74 m e 570 m. A precipitação anual média aproximada foi de 2.359 mm no período de 1950 a 2017 e mostra tendência de diminuição de aproximadamente -18 mm/ano, enquanto que os dados de temperatura mostram média anual de 9,87°C e uma tendência contínua de aumento na região, de 0,04ºC entre 1948 e 2017. Os contrastes entre as geleiras em perda de área e variação de elevação da linha de frente estão relacionados às diferenças de área e geomorfometria de cada geleira. Essas geleiras são semelhantes em tamanho, altitude e declividade do setor frontal, e as variações identificadas podem estar relacionadas às tendências mais quentes e secas para o período analisado.
A Reforma agrária como elemento base para um relevante movimento territorial em Feira de Santana-Ba
Authors: Souza José Roberto Silva de , Lima José Raimundo de Oliveira 
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho pretende analisar a situação sócio jurídica das famílias acampadas em uma fazenda pertencente ao Estado da Bahia. A propriedade era utilizada por uma empresa pública conhecida pelo nome de Empresa Baiana de Desenvolvimento Rural – EBDA, como uma estação experimental, para desenvolvimento de assistência técnica, pesquisa e extensão agrícola. Utilizamos para observação o estudo de legislação, bem como, documentos que estão diretamente relacionados com a propriedade. Buscaremos dados na titulação da propriedade, informações na legislação urbana de Feira de Santana e, no plano diretor do município, enriquecendo o texto com elementos importantes da realidade feirense, principalmente no que se refere a localização. Trata-se de uma área de terra onde está localizado um acampamento do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra – MST, essas pessoas reivindicam o assentamento delas sobre a área. Por ser terra pública, transformar a fazenda em assentamento torna-se um desafio complexo, uma vez que os bens públicos se submete a leis mais rígidas. Observaremos a proposta de reforma agrária oferecida pelo MST, que propõe um programa de reforma agrária diverso do implantado pelo Estado brasileiro. Sendo a proposta uma ferramenta de uso coletivo, uma vez que não só o MST seria o único defensor da ideia proposta, mas a sociedade, levantando essa bandeira como objetivo de ver a reforma agrária ser realizada.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Terra Públicas; Reforma Agrária; Assentamento
A narratividade da cantora-atriz Martha Herr em Cantos de Tim Rescala
Authors: Borém Fausto , Nogueira Ilza 
Published: August 2020

Primeiro de uma série de três estudos de caso sobre a narratividade na performance da cantora-atriz Martha Herr (1952-2015), o presente trabalho analisa Cantos (1994), para voz sem acompanhamento, de Tim Rescala, recorrendo ao mAAVm (Método de Análise de Áudios e Vídeos de Música) de Fausto Borém (2016) e a conceitos da narratividade em música (ALMÉN, 2003; MAUS, 1991). Inicialmente, analisamos o binômio texto-música na partitura. Posteriormente, na condição de espectadores informados, observamos o trinômio (con)texto-som-imagem em um vídeo profissional (HERR, 2008), que fez parte do 42º Festival de Música Nova (2007, São Paulo). Finalmente, analisamos as interrelações entre composição e performance. Observamos que Martha Herr transcende a interpretação musical stricto sensu da partitura ao planejar e construir meticulosamente um discurso narrativo hipertextual, representando distintas personagens (que incluem sua própria persona). A construção da interpretação narrativa realiza-se através de: (1) personalização de alguns motivos musicais identificáveis na peça, (2) adição de novo efeito vocal, (3) interação com objetos de cena e iluminação de palco, (4) trasladação, contração e ampliação de sua cinesfera pelo palco, e (5) criação de um contexto cênico no qual incorpora personagens. Essas contribuições resultam de um meticuloso planejamento e construção de uma performance cênica carregada de expressões faciais, gestos e significados subliminares. Assim, ela transcende o conteúdo composicional de Cantos, revelando uma peculiar habilidade de narrar e instigar ideias vertiginosamente, fruto de imaginação, versatilidade e integração entre os estratos do (con)texto, do som e da imagem.