bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Temporomandibular Joint Replacement: Stick to Stock or Optimization by Customization?
Authors: De Meurechy Nikolas K. G. , Zaror Carlos E. , Mommaerts Maurice Y. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose: This article aims to compare the difference in postoperative results in patients treated with either a patient-specific (PSI) or a stock temporomandibular total joint replacement system. Materials and Methods: The investigators performed a systematic review concerning postoperative results after placement of either a stock total joint replacement system or a PSI. PubMed Central, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Plus, Wiley Online Library, and EMBASE were used to conduct this search. All articles up to August 15, 2018, were scrutinized. All included articles were nonrandomized cohort studies. Maximal mouth opening (MMO) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for pain and diet before and after surgery were evaluated. The Methodological Index for NonRandomized Studies scale was used for quality assessment. Weighted mean difference was calculated and pooled by meta-analysis using random-effect models. Results: The search identified 1581 articles, of which 15 were included. The average risk of bias was low. Both systems achieved significant increases in MMO and decreased VAS pain scores at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery. No significant difference was found between the system types. Both achieved significant improvements in dietary VAS scores, with a more significant improvement for stock implants. Conclusions: Due to the lack of detailed diagnostic evaluation tools allowing proper start-point categorization, there is a significant risk for selection bias in the pooled data. The PSI is more frequently chosen for cases with more significant joint degeneration, skewing postoperative results. A patient-fitted implant can provide significant operative and patient-centered advantages over a stock implant, which will likely be confirmed when observational cohort studies have included indications like the ones for stock prostheses. Furthermore, while current US Food and Drug Administration-approved stock implants contain cobalt -chromium -molybdenum, the newly manufactured PSI are made of titanium alloy, diminishing the risks of morbidity and implant failure.
Cardiac rehabilitation of elderly patients in eight rehabilitation units in western Europe: Outcome data from the EU-CaRE multi-centre observational study
Authors: Prescott Eva , Eser Prisca , Mikkelsen Nicolai , Holdgaard Annette , Marcin Thimo , Wilhelm Matthias , Gil Carlos Peña , González-Juanatey José R , Moatemri Feriel , Iliou Marie Christine , Schneider Steffen , Schromm Eike , Zeymer Uwe , Meindersma Esther P , Crocamo Antonio , Ardissino Diego , Kolkman Evelien K , Prins Leonie F , van der Velde Astrid E , Van’t Hof Arnoud WJ , de Kluiver Ed P 
Published: February 2020

Aims The European Cardiac Rehabilitation in the Elderly (EU-CaRE) HORIZON 2020 project compares the sustainable effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in elderly patients. Methods and results A total of 1633 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or heart valve replacement (HVR), with or without revascularization, aged 65 or above, who participated in CR were included. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), smoking, body mass index, diet, physical activity, serum lipids, psychological distress and medication were assessed before and after CR (T0 and T1) and after 12 months (T2). Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery or surgical HVR had lower VO2peak at T0 and a greater increase to T1 and T2 (2.8 and 4.4 ml/kg/min, respectively) than CAD patients undergoing percutaneous or no revascularization (1.6 and 1.4 ml/kg/min, respectively). After multivariable adjustment, earlier CR uptake was associated with greater improvements in VO2peak. The proportion of CAD patients with three or more uncontrolled risk factors declined from 58.4% at T0 to 40.1% at T2 ( p < 0.0001). Psychological distress scores all improved and adherence to medication was overall good at all sites. There were significant differences in risk factor burden across sites, but no CR program was superior to others. Conclusions The outcomes of VO2peak in CR programs across Europe seemed mainly determined by timing of uptake and were maintained or even further improved at 1-year follow-up. Despite significant improvements, 40.1% of CAD patients still had three or more risk factors not at target after 1 year. Differences across sites could not be ascribed to characteristics of the CR programs offered.
“Ramp lesions” of the posterior segment of the medial meniscus: what is repaired? An anatomical and histological study
Authors: Nicolas Quentin , Francia Rémi Di , Le Henaff Goulven , Quintin-Roue Isabelle , Gunepin François-Xavier , Dubrana Frédéric 
Published: February 2020

Background: Lesions of the posterior segment of the medial meniscus are the most common intra-articular lesions associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury. “Ramp lesions” have been defined as a tear in the peripheral attachment of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (PHMM). These injuries are difficult to detect on preoperative MRI, whereas their prevalence with arthroscopy can be as high as 24%. The management of “Ramp lesions” isn’t collegiale. There are only two publications in PUBMED concerning anatomic and histological description posterior menisco-tibial ligament ( PMTL). The objective of this histological study was to analyze the posterior segment of the medial meniscus and its meniscosynovial junction, in order to identify the PMTL. Methods: We dissected ten cadaveric knees. A posterior approach to the posteromedial capsule was used. Therefore, we were able to access the posterior segment of the medial meniscus and its meniscosynovial junction. The proximal capsule, the posterior segment of the medial meniscus, the entire meniscal capsular-tibial junction, and a fragment of the tibia were removed together. For each part, three section slices were prepared for the histological study. Results: Macroscopically, the meniscotibial attachments was pellucid, homogeneous. The meniscocapsular attachments was pellucid, homogeneous but appeared to be strengthened at both the anterior and posterior portions of the capsule. The microscopic study of meniscosynovial jonction revealed loose collagen fibers, oriented but not organized parallel, network with rare fibroblasts and and adipocytes, several capillaries were seen. No histological differences were observed, and the 2 attachments merged at a common attachment site on PHMM. Conclusion: For us, “Ramp lesion” is a tear of common attachment of menicocapsular and meniscotibial junctions of PHMM. This attachment is vascularized, an outfit is possible and biomechanical role is increasingly identified.
Prague at the End of History
Authors: Sayer Derek 
Published: February 2020

The Prague Address, for the European International Studies Association (EISA) 12th Pan-European Conference on International Relations, Prague, September 12, 2018. What we call “progress” is confined to each particular world, and vanishes with it. Always and everywhere in the terrestrial arena, the same drama, the same setting, on the same narrow stage – a noisy humanity infatuated with its own grandeur, believing itself to be the universe and living in its prison as though in some immense realm, only to founder at an early date along with its globe, which has borne with deepest disdain the burden of human arrogance. Auguste Blanqui (1872, as quoted in Benjamin, 1999: 25)
Management of Revision Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Goldman Brian H , Halpern Abby L , Deal Matthew J , Richey Bradley P , Mason Eric M , Gupta Hari O , Callegari Jonathan , Bravo Cesar J 
Published: February 2020

Background The number of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty procedures performed has increased in recent years due to expanding surgical indications. There has been a proportional increase in complications, with reported complication rates for a revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty as high as 68%. Revising a reverse total shoulder is a complex procedure requiring significant preoperative planning. Methods A literature review of revision shoulder arthroplasty techniques was performed. No IRB approval was needed for this study. Results Instability is the most common reason for revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty followed by infection. Revision arthroplasty is also needed in the setting of bone loss, aseptic loosening, and periprosthetic fracture. Each case requires a comprehensive preoperative plan to address each deformity for a successful result. Conclusions For this procedure to be successful, it is imperative that the physician understands the risk factors, identifies the cause, and is familiar with current surgical techniques. This study reviews both preoperative and perioperative management of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in the revision setting.
Erdheim-Chester disease
Authors: Haroche Julien , Cohen-Aubart Fleur , Amoura Zahir 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is characterized by the infiltration of tissues by foamy CD68+CD1a− histiocytes, with 1500 known cases since 1930. Mutations activating the MAPK pathway are found in more than 80% of patients with ECD, mainly the BRAFV600E activating mutation in 57% to 70% of cases, followed by MAP2K1 in close to 20%. The discovery of BRAF mutations and of other MAP kinase pathway alterations, as well as the co-occurrence of ECD with LCH in 15% of patients with ECD, led to the 2016 revision of the classification of histiocytoses in which LCH and ECD belong to the “L” group. Both conditions are considered inflammatory myeloid neoplasms. Ten percent of ECD cases are associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms and/or myelodysplastic syndromes. Some of the most striking signs of ECD are the long bone involvement (80%-95%), as well as the hairy kidney appearance on computed tomography scan (63%), the coated aorta (40%), and the right atrium pseudo-tumoral infiltration (36%). Central nervous system involvement is a strong prognostic factor and independent predictor of death. Interferon-α seems to be the best initial treatment of ECD. Since 2012, more than 200 patients worldwide with multisystem or refractory ECD have benefitted from highly effective therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. Targeted therapies have an overall, robust, and reproducible efficacy in ECD, with no acquired resistance to date, but their use may be best reserved for the most severe manifestations of the disease, as they may be associated with serious adverse effects and as-yet-unknown long-term consequences.
In vitro Susceptibilities of Methicillin-Susceptible and Resistant Staphylococci to Traditional Antibiotics Compared to a Novel Fluoroquinolone
Authors: Fan Kenneth C. , Lin James , Yannuzzi Nicolas A. , Al-Khersan Hasenin , Patel Nimesh A. , Maestre-Mesa Jorge , Zaidi Mustafa , Miller Darlene , Flynn Harry W. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
To assess the in-vitro efficacy of delafloxacin, a new fourth generation fluoroquinolone, against Staphylococcus vitreous isolates from patients with clinically diagnosed endophthalmitis. This is the first investigation of delafloxacin in ocular tissues.

Methods
Intravitreal isolates of culture-proven S. aureus and S. epidermidis were identified between 2014 and 2018. Minimum inhibitor concentrations (MIC) were determined using ETEST strips. The antibiotic susceptibilities were tested against a panel of drugs including glycopeptides such as vancomycin, as well as traditional and newer fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and delafloxacin).

Results
Of 45 total isolates identified between 2014 and 2018, 13% (6) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), 9% (4) were methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), 53% (24) were methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE), and 24% (11) were methicillin-sensitive S. epidermidis (MSSE). Among the fluoroquinolones, resistance rates were 61% for levofloxacin, 50% for moxifloxacin, and 12% for delafloxacin. Inter-class comparisons between delafloxacin and the two other fluoroquinolones demonstrated higher Gram-positive susceptibility to delafloxacin (p < 0.01). MIC90 values were lowest for delafloxacin (1.0 μg/mL) compared to levofloxacin (8.0 μg/mL) and moxifloxacin (8.0 μg/mL). Vancomycin was 100% effective against all isolates with MIC90 value of 0.75 μg/mL.

Conclusion
Compared to levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, the newer fluoroquinolone delafloxacin demonstrated the lowest MICs values and lowest rates of resistance for Gram-positive in-vitro S. epidermidis and S. aureus vitreous isolates.
The hypotensive effect of salt substitutes in stage 2 hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jafarnejad Sadegh , Mirzaei Hamed , Clark Cain C. T. , Taghizadeh Mohsen , Ebrahimzadeh Armin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Hypertension (HTN) is a ubiquitous risk factor for numerous non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and stroke. There are currently no wholly effective pharmacological therapies for subjects with HTN. However, salt substitutes have emerged as a potential therapy for the treatment of HTN. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of salt substitutes on reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), following a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Methods
Studies were found via systematic searches of the Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Ovid, Google Scholar and Cochrane library. Ten studies, comprised of 11 trials and 1119 participants, were included in the meta-analysis.

Results
Pooled weighted mean differences showed significant reductions of SBP (WMD − 8.87 mmHg; 95% CI − 11.19, − 6.55, p < 0.001) and DBP (WMD − 4.04 mmHg; 95% CI − 5.70, − 2.39) with no statistically significant heterogeneity between the 11 included comparisons of SBPs and DBPs. The stratified analysis of trials based on the mean age of participants showed a significant reduction in the mean difference of SBP in both adults (< 65 years old) and elderly (≥65 years old). However, the DBP-lowering effect of salt substitutes was only observed in adult patients (WMD − 4.22 mmHg; 95% CI − 7.85, − 0.58), but not in the elderly subjects.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that salt-substitution strategies could be used for lowering SBP and DBP in patients with stage 2 HTN; providing a nutritional platform for the treatment, amelioration, and prevention of HTN.
The ability of different imputation methods for missing values in mental measurement questionnaires
Authors: Xu Xueying , Xia Leizhen , Zhang Qimeng , Wu Shaoning , Wu Mingcheng , Liu Hongbo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Incomplete data are of particular important influence in mental measurement questionnaires. Most experts, however, mostly focus on clinical trials and cohort studies and generally pay less attention to this deficiency. We aim is to compare the accuracy of four common methods for handling items missing from different psychology questionnaires according to the items non-response rates.

Method
All data were drawn from the previous studies including the self-acceptance scale (SAQ), the activities of daily living scale (ADL) and self-esteem scale (RSES). SAQ and ADL dataset, simulation group, were used to compare and assess the ability of four imputation methods which are direct deletion, mode imputation, Hot-deck (HD) imputation and multiple imputation (MI) by absolute deviation, the root mean square error and average relative error in missing proportions of 5, 10, 15 and 20%. RSES dataset, validation group, was used to test the application of imputation methods. All analyses were finished by SAS 9.4.

Results
The biases obtained by MI are the smallest under various missing proportions. HD imputation approach performed the lowest absolute deviation of standard deviation values. But they got the similar results and the performances of them are obviously better than direct deletion and mode imputation. In a real world situation, the respondents’ average score in complete data set was 28.22 ± 4.63, which are not much different from imputed datasets. The direction of the influence of the five factors on self-esteem was consistent, although there were some differences in the size and range of OR values in logistic regression model.

Conclusion
MI shows the best performance while it demands slightly more data analytic capacity and skills of programming. And HD could be considered to impute missing values in psychological investigation when MI cannot be performed due to limited circumstances.
Leptospirosis in Indonesia: diagnostic challenges associated with atypical clinical manifestations and limited laboratory capacity
Authors: Gasem Muhammad Hussein , Hadi Usman , Alisjahbana Bachti , Tjitra Emiliana , Hapsari M. M. D. E. A. H. , Lestari Endang Sri , Aman Abu Tholib , Lokida Dewi , Salim Gustiani , Kosasih Herman , Merati Ketut Tuti Parwati , Laras Kanti , Arif Mansyur , Lukman Nurhayati , Sudarmono Pratiwi , Lisdawati Vivi , Lau Chuen-Yen , Neal Aaron , Karyana Muhammad 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The burden of leptospirosis in Indonesia is poorly understood. Data from an observational study conducted from 2013 to 2016 in seven cities across Indonesia was used to estimate the incidence of leptospirosis and document its clinical manifestations in patients requiring hospitalization.

Methods
Specimens from patients hospitalized with acute fever were collected at enrollment, 14–28 days, and 3 months. Demographic and clinical information were collected during study visits and/or retrieved from medical records and double-entered into clinical report forms. After initially screening for dengue virus and other pathogens, specimens were tested at a central Reference Laboratory for anti-Leptospira IgM using commercial ELISA kits and for Leptospira DNA using an in-house quantitative real-time PCR assay.

Results
Of 1464 patients enrolled, 45 (3.1%) confirmed cases (by PCR and/or sero-coversion or four-fold increase of IgM) and 6 (0.4%) probable cases (by high titer IgM) of leptospirosis were identified by the Reference Laboratory. Disease incidence at sites ranged from 0 (0%) cases in Denpasar to 17 (8.9%) cases in Semarang. The median age of patients was 41.2 years (range of 5.3 to 85.0 years), and 67% of patients were male. Twenty-two patients (43.1%) were accurately diagnosed at sites, and 29 patients (56.9%) were clinically misdiagnosed as having another infection, most commonly dengue fever (11, 37.9%). Clinically, 20 patients (39.2%) did not present with hyperbilirubinemia or increased creatinine levels. Two patients (3.9%) died, both from respiratory failure. Fifteen patients (29.4%) clinically diagnosed with leptospirosis at sites were negative based on IgM ELISA and/or PCR at the Reference Laboratory.

Conclusions
Leptospirosis remains an important cause of hospitalization in Indonesia. It can have diverse clinical presentations, making it difficult to differentiate from other common tropical infections. PCR combined with ELISA is a powerful alternative to the cumbersome gold-standard microscopic agglutination test, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Paediatric glaucoma in Scotland
Authors: Beck Daniel , Galea Martin , Loo Cheng Yi , Schmoll Conrad , Burgess Frederick R. , Montgomery Donald , Tatham Andrew J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The primary aim was to estimate the incidence of primary and secondary childhood glaucoma in Scotland over a 2-year period. The secondary aim was to gauge the confidence and experience of ophthalmologists in Scotland in managing these patients.

Methods
A 7 question electronic survey was distributed to all consultant members of the Scottish Paediatric Club and Scottish Glaucoma Club. Respondents were asked to report the number of cases and types of childhood glaucoma they had managed in the last 2 years. Respondents were also asked about experience and confidence in a range of glaucoma procedures, number of patients requiring referral to specialist centres and interest in the development of a centre of excellence in Scotland.

Results
The survey returned a 56% response rate, reporting 85 new cases of paediatric glaucoma in Scotland over the preceding 2 years. 11 (12.9%) had primary glaucoma and 74 (87.1%) had secondary glaucoma. The most common subtype of secondary glaucoma was uveitic glaucoma (n = 29). None of the respondents declared confidence or experience in trabeculotomy or goniotomy procedures. Eleven children required referral to a specialist unit outside Scotland. 85.7% of respondents felt Scotland would benefit from a specialist unit for paediatric glaucoma.

Conclusions
This survey reflects an appetite for a specialist service for paediatric glaucoma in Scotland. However, further consideration is needed to determine if there is sufficient patient load to maintain such a service.
Uncommon clinical presentation of cystic fibrosis in a patient homozygous for a rare CFTR mutation: a case report
Authors: Jaworska Joanna , Marach-Mocarska Aleksandra , Sands Dorota 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, life-threatening, autosomal-recessive disorder among Caucasians. To date, approximately 2000 mutations in the CFTR gene have been reported. Some of these mutations are very rare, and some represent individual sequence changes in the gene. The introduction of newborn screening (NBS) in high prevalence countries for CF has considerably changed the diagnosing of this metabolic disease. Currently, in most cases, a diagnosis is made based on NBS, including or expanded with DNA analysis and confirmed with sweat chloride tests, rather than waiting until the child has already developed signs and symptoms. However, in rare cases, NBS does not provide enough information to confirm or reject a CF diagnosis. Not only are there small groups of patients who have false-negative or false-positive NBS results, but there is also a growing number of patients with positive NBS results in whom results of sweat tests and genetic examinations do not provide definite conclusions. Despite all knowledge and modern diagnostic tools at our disposal, sometimes the clinical presentation is so inconclusive, that making a final diagnosis remains a challenge.

Case presentation
In this case report, we present a male infant of Polish origin, whose symptoms and laboratory findings (including metabolic acidosis) were strongly suggestive of metabolic disease other than cystic fibrosis. Newborn screening for CF was positive, but the first sweat test results were equivocal, and initial and extended molecular tests were negative. Finally, after considering broad differential diagnosis, introducing treatment specific for CF and excluding other metabolic diseases, a third expanded genetic test revealed the presence of a rare pathogenic mutation in both alleles of the CFTR gene: c.4035_4038dupCCTA (p.Ser1347ProfsX13).

Conclusion
Although CF is considered a monogenic disorder, the relationship between genotype and phenotype is very complex. The reported case shows the unusual presentation of the disease. The patient’s clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, in combination with molecular test results, provide useful information for further observing the genotype-phenotype correlations in cystic fibrosis.