bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Difference Between SP-A and KL-6 Levels Responses for Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease&nbsp;
Authors: Zheng Peiyan , Zheng Xiaomao , Takehiro Hasegawa , Wang Jingxian , Xue Mingshan , Lin Quanming , Huang Zhifeng , Huang Huimin , Liao Chenxi , Sun Baoqing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The highly variable clinical course of interstitial lung disease (ILD) makes it difficult to determine patients’ prognoses. Serum surfactant protein-A (SP-A) and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) were known biomarkers as a monitor of the prognoses. However, the clinical or pathophysiological differences of those biomarkers are not well evaluated. Therefore, through the comparison of the changes of SP-A and KL-6 levels before and after treatment, we investigated the clinical or pathophysiological differences which are embodied by those markers. Methods This study included retrospective data for 71 patients treated for ILD at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between August 2015 and September 2019. Serum SP-A and KL-6 levels were measured before and after treatment. The patients were followed for at least 3 months. Results Changes in the serum biomarkers (Delta SP-A and Delta KL-6) were significantly correlated (rS = 0.482, P < 0.001); Delta SP-A and Delta KL-6 were inversely correlated with changes in pulmonary function (P < 0.05). In a cluster analysis of delta SP-A and KL-6 levels, patients were classified into three groups. In the cluster analysis, in the group in which only SP-A levels decreased after treatment, 50.0% of patients recovered respiratory function and had a significant reduction of serum LDH levels.Conclusions Reduced serum SP-A and/or KL-6 levels were associated with improved lung function in patients with ILD. However, there were patients who showed only a reduction of SP-A levels after treatment. Thus, for proper disease monitoring, measuring both markers are important.
A Clinical Control Study on the Retroperitoneal Laparoscopy for Unilateral Simple Renal Cyst Decortication in Day Surgery Mode
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Liang , Wu Song-Jiang , Bano Yasmeen , Liu Wen-Li , jiang Ming-Hui , Liu Jia-Hui , jiang Hai-Hong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Under the constraints of the increasingly tight medical environment and cost, day surgery mode has become a favorable trend and attracts attention from clinicians. Currently, there are no standards or procedures on the retroperitoneal laparoscopy for unilateral simple renal cyst decortication in day surgery mode. We attempted to investigate the feasibility and safety criteria of unilateral simple renal cyst decortication by retroperitoneal laparoscopy in the day surgery ward and to compare the advantages and the disadvantages with conventional inpatient ward mode.Methods: A total of 41 patients with unilateral simple renal cysts meeting surgical indications were enrolled in this study. To see whether patients in the day group could successfully complete the procedure and be admitted and discharged within 24 hours and to summarize the advantages and the advantages. The indexes of the operation time, time of hospitalization, postoperative complication rate, total costs of hospitalization and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results: 41 cases of unilateral simple renal cyst decortication were completed successfully. Patients were followed up 10-12 months after surgery. The results of time of hospitalization, total costs of hospitalization and time of postoperative removal of drainage tube were statistically significant between the two groups of the day ward group and the inpatient ward group (P <0.05). Conclusions: We concluded the retroperitoneal laparoscopy for unilateral simple renal cyst decortication in patients with unilateral renal cysts was safe and feasible in day surgery mode under certain indicative criteria. The criteria included patients’ age between 40 and 80 years, no previous history of abdominal surgery, CT showing a unilateral renal cyst (Bosniak I or II), preoperative ASA assessment was I or II, no contraindications to surgery or anesthesia, postoperative team management and discharge assessment. Advantage of reducing time of hospitalization and total medical cost may relieve the situation of the shortage of medical resources.
Modified Arthroscopic Double-Row Technique for Isolated Biceps Tenodesis
Authors: Li Renlong , Tao Kun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDue to certain complications with single anchor fixation reported in the literature, we proposed a modified double-row technique for arthroscopic biceps tenodesis.MethodsFrom June 2014 to January 2018, 42 patients with isolated lesions of the long head of the biceps tendon were treated with an arthroscopic modified double-row technique. The Constant-Murley shoulder score, University of California Los Angeles shoulder score, and visual analogue scale score were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively.ResultsAll patients were followed up for an average of 28.6 months. The mean Constant-Murley shoulder score, University of California Los Angeles shoulder score, and visual analogue scale score were significantly improved from 52.6, 12.8, and 6.4 preoperatively to 94.3, 33.1, and 0.6 at the last follow-up, respectively (P<0.001 for all). There was no postoperative incidence of persist bicipital groove pain or Popeye sign reported.Conclusion﻿Arthroscopic tenodesis with a modified double-row technique could achieve satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of lesions of the long head of the biceps tendon. This method could be an alternative and reliable option for the treatment of the long head of the biceps tendon lesion.
Novel Cytological Diagnostic Scoring System for Pancreatic Specimens Obtained by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration
Authors: Kiso Yuri , Matsuda Yoko , Esaka Shikine , Hamashima Yuri , Shirahata Hiroto , Fujii Yuko , Matsukawa Miho , Kakizaki Mototsune , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Arai Tomio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Cytological diagnosis of pancreatic specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is often challenging because of the small amount of sample or well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with weak cytological atypia. Therefore, the sensitivity and specificity of cytological diagnosis for pancreatic cancer should be improved. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the indices, which are used to distinguish malignant from benign lesions for the cytological diagnosis of pancreatic EUS-FNA specimens. Methods: Seven reviewers, including 3 cytotechnologists and 4 medical doctors, evaluated 20 morphological indices in pancreatic specimens obtained by EUS-FNA (malignant, n=111; benign, n=31). Statistical analyses were performed using Fisher’s exact test, logistic regression analysis, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and Youden Index.Results: Among the 20 indices, there was a high incidence rate (>40%) of the following 13 indices in malignant cases: structural atypia, hyperchromatic nucleus, irregular cell polarity, unclear cell boundary, nuclear membrane thickening, anisonucleosis, overlapping, irregular nuclei, high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, binding decline, simultaneous appearance of malignant and benign cells, enlarged nucleoli, and background necrosis. When we diagnosed pancreatic specimens using these 13 cytological indices, the cutoff value of 8/9 showed the highest Youden index (0.950) as well as high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing malignant from benign specimens (98% and 97%, respectively). Conclusion: Thirteen cytological indices showed high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating malignant and benign lesions using pancreatic EUS-FNA samples. Further validation or prospective studies are necessary to establish criteria for the cytological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Structural Design and Performance of the First Hepatic Portal Blood Flow Blocker
Authors: Shi GengQiang , Yin Shuai S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery has been gradually promoted by people because of its advantages of small trauma and quick recovery. However, the operation is difficult, the first hepatic portal should be completely fastened during the operation. In this paper, through the study of the existing structure of the blocker, a kind of blood flow blocker for the first hepatic hilum blocking under laparoscope is designed. All kinds of parameters were calibrated through equation calculation, and the pressure guiding the blood flow blocking of hepatic portal during operation was calculated. The dynamic analysis was carried out with ANSYS software, and it was found that the fluid movement state was most uniform when the airflow velocity reached 8m/s. The experimental apparatus was set up to simulate the process of hepatic portal vein being blocked in vitro, then the feasibility of blocking effect was evaluated. Finally, it is concluded that the designed blood flow blocking device can have good blocking effect on blood vessels.
Two Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Post-processing Methods for Differentiating Glioma Grades, IDH Mutation Statuses, and Heterogeneity
Authors: Bai Jie , Gao Ankang , Hong Yuan , Zhao GuoHua , Zhang Yong , Kong Dexing , Cheng Jingliang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the application of two DKI post-processing methods that DKE software and DKI histogram analysis in glioma grading, IDH mutation typing, and evaluation of tumor heterogeneity.Methods: Patients who underwent surgery and were pathologically diagnosed with glioma after MR DKI scan. DKE software was used to calculate diffusion parameters, including fractional anisotropy, mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis, and axial kurtosis. Histogram parameters were calculated, including minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, percentile values (25th, 50th, 75th, 95th), kurtosis, and skewness of Kapp and Dapp. The ROIs of the two post-processing methods were consistently and manually selected in continuous solid tumor regions. According to the result of Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, Independent-samples T test or Mann - Whitney - Wilcoxon test was used to distinguish glioma grads. The parameters with the best percentile were identified by analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: Seventy-three patients with glioma were observed, including 21 with low-grade gliomas (WHO II) and 52 with high-grade gliomas (WHO III, n=13; WHO IV, n=39), 38 of whom had IDH mutation status. There were significant differences between the high- and low-grade glioma groups regarding the maximum, mean, standard deviation, C75, and C95 of the Kapp values and the minimum, mean, C25, C50, C75, C95, and skewness of the Dapp values. The MK values were significantly different among the WHO II, III, and IV grades. MK, mean Kapp, and C75 and C95 of the Kapp could be used to predict IDH mutations in patients with glioma. Conclusions: Several quantitative DKI parameters obtained from the DKE software and histogram analysis could be used for glioma grading and predicting IDH mutations. However, DKI histogram analysis was useful for glioma heterogeneity.
Unique Patterns of Mating Pheromone Presence and Absence could Result in the Ambiguous Sexual Behaviours of Colletotrichum Species
Authors: Wilson Andrea Melissa , Lelwala RV , Taylor PWJ , Wingfield MJ , WINGFIELD BD 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Colletotrichum species are known to engage in unique sexual behaviours that differ significantly from the mating strategies of other filamentous ascomycete species. Most ascomycete fungi require the expression of both the MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 genes to regulate mating type and induce sexual reproduction. In contrast, all isolates of Colletotrichum are known to harbour only the MAT1-2-1 gene and yet, are capable of recognizing suitable mating partners and producing sexual progeny. The molecular mechanisms contributing to mating types and behaviours in Colletotrichum are thus unknown. Results: A comparative genomics approach analysing genomes from 47 Colletotrichum isolates was used to elucidate a putative molecular mechanism underlying the unique sexual behaviours observed in Colletotrichum species. The existence of only the MAT1-2 idiomorph was confirmed across all species included in this study. Comparisons at the loci harbouring the two mating pheromones and their cognate receptors revealed interesting patterns of gene presence and absence as well as gene loss. The results also showed that these genes have been lost multiple times over the evolutionary history of this genus. Conclusion: The multiple losses of the pheromone genes in these species suggest strong selection against the typical mating strategies seen in other species. This further suggests that these pheromones no longer play a role in mating type determination and that the species of this genus have undiscovered mechanisms by which to control mating type and mating partner recognition. This research thus provides a base from which further interrogation of this topic can take place.
LCM and RNA-seq analyses revealed roles of cell cycle and translational regulation in early stages of cotton fiber cell development
Authors: Ando Atsumi , Kirkbride Ryan C. , Jones Don , Grimwood Jane , Chen Z. Jeffrey 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCotton fibers provide a powerful model for studying cell differentiation and elongation. Each cotton fiber is a singular and elongated cell derived from epidermal-layer cells of a cotton seed. Efforts to understand this dramatic developmental shift have been impeded by the difficulty of isolating fiber cells from epidermal cells.ResultsHere we employed laser-capture microdissection (LCM) to separate these cell types. RNA-seq analysis revealed transitional differences between the fiber and epidermal-layer cells at 0 or 2 days post anthesis. Specifically, down-regulation of putative cell cycle genes was coupled with upregulation of ribosome biosynthesis and translation-related genes, which may suggest their respective roles in fiber cell initiation and elongation. Indeed, the amount of fibers in cultured ovules was increased by cell cycle progression inhibitor, Roscovitine, and decreased by ribosome biosynthesis inhibitor, Rbin-1. Moreover, many phytohormone-related genes were upregulated in the ovules and down-regulated in the fibers, suggesting their spatial-temporal effects on fiber cell development. Key cell cycle regulators were predicted to be epialleles, and MYB-transcription factor related genes displayed expression divergence between fibers and ovules, implying their effects on fiber traits.ConclusionsWe revealed that fiber cell initiation is accompanied by cell cycle arrest coupled with active ribosome biosynthesis, spatial-temporal regulation of phytohormones and expression divergence between MYB transcription factor genes. These valuable genomic resources and molecular insights will help develop breeding and biotechnological tools to improve cotton fiber production.
New insights into the genetic mechanisms of body size evolution in Carnivora
Authors: Huang Xin , Sun Di , Wu Tianzhen , Liu Xing , Xu Shixia , Yang Guang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background

The range of body sizes in Carnivora is unparalleled in any other mammalian order, with more than 130,000 times in body mass and 50 times in length. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the huge difference in body size of Carnivora have not been explored so far.
Results

Herein, we performed a comparative genomics analysis of 20 carnivores to explore the genetic basis of great body size variation in carnivores. Phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS) revealed that 337 genes were significantly related to both head body length and body mass, these genes were defined as body size associated genes (BSAGs). Fourteen positively related BSAGs were found to be associated with obesity and three of which were identified to be under rapid evolution in the extremely large body-sized carnivores, which suggested that these obesity-related BSAGs might have driven the body size expansion in carnivores. Interestingly, 100 BSAGs were examined to be associated with cancer control in carnivores, particularly 15 cancer-related genes were found to be under rapid evolution in extremely large carnivores. These results strongly suggested that large body-sized carnivores might have evolved effective mechanism to resist cancer, which could be regarded as molecular evidence to support for the Peto’s paradox. For small carnivores, we identified 15 rapidly evolving genes and found six genes with fixed amino acid changes that were reported to reduce body size.
Conclusion

This study brings new insights into the molecular mechanisms that drove the diversifying evolution of body size in carnivores, and provides new target genes for exploring the mysteries of body size evolution in mammals.
Effect of Diabetes Education Program on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Among Diabetic Pregnant Women: An Experimental Study
Authors: Ugwu Uchenna Cosmas , Ene Osmond Chukwuemeka 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease condition present during pregnancy and if not properly managed would have severe effect on the maternal and neonatal health. This research determined the effect of diabetes education program (DEP) on gestational diabetes mellitus knowledge (GDMK) among diabetic pregnant women (DPW) and significant differences within groups.Methods: This study was based on a pretest – posttest measures of experimental research design involving experimental (n=110) and control (n=110) groups. A total of 220 DPW were purposively recruited from public hospitals in Nigeria between October and December 2019. The DEP was delivered to DPW in experimental group. The Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Questionnaire (GDMKQ) of 0.774 was used for data collection. The statistical analysis was completed using IBM SPSS version 22. Results: The results revealed that no statistically significant difference existed on GDM history (P=0.801>0.05), smoking habit (P=0.0615>0.05), parity status (P=0.503>0.05), and level of education (P=0.720>0.05), while difference was observed on alcohol status (P=0.011<0.05), and age by birth (P=0.009<0.05). Also, while no significant difference existed between the DPW in the treatment and control groups on GDMK pretest measures (P=0.901>0.05), difference existed between the DPW in the intervention and control groups on GDMK posttest scores (P=0.026<0.05). Also, the higher percentage score (78%) of DPW in the experimental group in the posttest GDMK measures which is higher than the score in the pretest measures (55%) of the same group were indications that DEP has significant effect on GDMK among DPW.Conclusion: This demonstrates that reliable interventions are effective in combating pregnancy-related complications. This requires collaborative efforts by concerned bodies to combat notable complications during pregnancy using reliable intervention.Trial Registration: In retrospect, the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry documented the study with registration trial code (Trial No.: PACTR201903003187005)
HNRNPU Overexpression has Prognostic Value in Human Ovarian Cancer and Promotes Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: Luo Ji , Le Lulu , Tang Xiaoli , Fu Yuanping , Feng Yueying , Fu Fen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies and has the highest mortality rate worldwide. Therefore, the identification of novel targets and the development of more effective therapeutic treatments are essential.Methods: We identified genes with somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) amplification (AMP) according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) OC data. We performed a meta-analysis of five independent OC datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We retrieved cell cycle-related genes from the online database GLAD4U. The associations of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU) expression levels with clinicopathological factors and survival times were analyzed. In addition, we knocked down HNRNPU expression in two representative OC cell lines (OVCAR3 and ES2 cells) and then observed the proliferation capacity of OC cells.Results: Analysis of the SCNA AMP genes, the transcriptome data of the GEO database and cell cycle-related genes indicated that the HNRNPU gene was markedly upregulated in OC. High expression of HNRNPU in OC was related to SCNAs, poor survival and the OC proliferative molecular subtype. Based on the results in OVCAR3 and ES2 cells in vitro, we found that knocking down HNRNPU inhibited the proliferation of these two cell lines. Additionally, cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase was found in the siHNRNPU cell group in vitro.Conclusions: These results suggest that HNRNPU may serve as a candidate prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for OC.
Clinical Correlations of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Populations in Sepsis
Authors: Zhao Lei , Chen Wei , Qiao Guoliang , Wu Jiangping , Yang Duo , Wang Xiaoli , Zhou Xinna , Wang Shuo , Ren Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Our understanding of sepsis-associated immune impairment is incomplete. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate correlations of sepsis clinical manifestations with peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in lymphocyte immunity. Methods Twenty individuals without sepsis and eighteen with sepsis were enrolled. Lymphocyte phenotypes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD19+, CD4+CD25+CD127+, CD8+CD28-, and CD8+CD28+) were assessed by flow cytometry. Fresh fecal bacteria cue proportion was measured to determine intestinal dysbacteriosis. Results Compared with the non-sepsis group, the sepsis patients had clearly lower proportions of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+CD28+ cells and substantially higher proportions of CD19+ cells (p<0.05). Among 38 patients with infection, CD4+ cells and CD8+CD28+ cells in a survivor group had significantly higher presence compared with patients who had died (p<0.05), The subgroup analysis results showed that CD4+ cells in the survivor subgroups were higher than those in the deceased subgroups (p<0.05). CD8+CD28+ cells in the non-sepsis survivor subgroup were higher than those in the deceased subgroups (p<0.05).. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the intestinal dysbacteriosis was significantly correlated with the severity of sepsis and its prognosis (r2=0.2788, p=0.001, r2=0.1764, p=0.009, respectively). CD4+, CD19+, and CD8+CD28+ cells were significantly correlated with intestinal dysbacteriosis (r2=0.1024, p=0.049, r2=0.1063, p=0.046, r2=0.1909, p=0.006, respectively). Conclusions In conclusion, the lymphocyte populations of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+CD28+ and CD19+ cells were accessible for predicting the severity and mortality of sepsis patients. In addition, intestinal dysbacteriosis had a significant impact on the immune system of sepsis patients as revealed by peripheral blood lymphocyte population.