bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical evaluation of type p condylar head osteosynthesis using conventional small-fragment screws reinforced by a patient specific two-component plate
Authors: Pavlychuk Tetiana , Chernogorskyi Denis , Chepurnyi Yurii , Neff Andreas , Kopchak Andrii 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate via finite element analysis (FEA) the biomechanical behavior of conventional small-fragment screws reinforced by a patient-specific plate in type p condylar head. Methods. A finite element model of the mandible was created using Mimics 12.1 software. A type p condylar head fracture was simulated in the right condyle, and the left condyle was used as a control. Two patterns of fixation were investigated: conventional two-screw fixation and the same fixation system reinforced with a small, patient-specific plate. Surface models were imported into the software Ansys 5.7 for further volume mesh generation. Results. The highest stress gradients were observed in the cortical layer of the lateral fragment, located near the screw. The conventional fixation method resulted in equivalent stresses 2 to 10 times greater than the reinforced method. Rigidity of fixation in the reinforced method increased up to 1.25–3 times compared to the conventional two-screw technique. Conclusion. This study’s findings suggest significant benefits in unfavourable biomechanical conditions from reinforcement of the standard two-screw fixation of condylar head fractures with a small, patient-specific plate acting as a washer.
Difference Analysis of the Contribution of E-commerce and Modern Logistics to Regional Economy Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Tang Xiaodong , Wang Gangyi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The rapid development of e-commerce has greatly promoted the development of the modern logistics industry. The application level of e-commerce and the application status of modern logistics largely determine the development of regional economic structure in a region. Under this circumstance, it is particularly important to comprehensively strengthen the research and analysis of the impact of e-commerce and modern logistics on the regional economic structure and scope, and promote the coordinated development between each other. As one of the most developed regions in China, the Yangtze River Delta region has achieved certain achievements in the development of regional logistics industry and e-commerce, and plays an important role in the process of regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta. Therefore, this paper takes the Yangtze River Delta as the research object, and empirically analyses the development status of the logistics industry and e-commerce in the Yangtze River Delta region and its contribution to regional economic growth. On this basis, it puts forward countermeasures to further increase the contribution of the logistics industry and e-commerce in the Yangtze River Delta region to economic growth. This will provide a reference for the construction of a coordinated regional logistics-e-commerce system and the realization of regional economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta region.
Graphene oxide-silver nanocomposites induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in caprine fetal fibroblast cells
Authors: Yuan Yu-Guo , Joo Myeong-Don , Wang Jia-Lin , Mesalam Ayman , R Abu Musa Md Talimur , Wang Yi , Qian Chen , Kong Il-Keun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Graphene oxide (GO) has drawn much attention as excellent platform to which silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be anchored for the production of biomedical nanocomposites. Yet, the potential toxicity of reduced graphene oxide- silver nanoparticles (GO-AgNPs) nanocomposites to animal and human is complex to evaluate and remains largely unknown.Results: Our data indicated that GO-AgNPs caused cytotoxicity in dose-dependent manner. GO-AgNPs induced significant cytotoxicity by the loss of cell viability, over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and level of malondialdehyde (MDA), increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes and decreased expression of anti-apoptotic genes.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that GO-AgNPs potentially induced oxidative stress, which resulted in toxicity and cell apoptosis in caprine fetal fibroblast cell due to an increased generation of ROS. For antibacterial applications of GO-AgNPs nanocomposite in animal, the toxical effect must be further evaluated.
DjinniChip: Evaluation of a novel molecular rapid diagnostic device for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in trachoma-endemic areas
Authors: Derrick Tamsyn R , Sandetskaya Natalia , Pickering Harry , Kölsch Andreas , Ramadhani Athumani , Mafuru Elias , Massae Patrick , Malisa Aiweda , Mtuy Tara , Burton Matthew J , Holland Martin J , Kuhlmeier Dirk 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The clinical signs of active trachoma are often present in the absence of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection, particularly following mass drug administration. Treatment decisions following impact surveys and in post-control surveillance for communities are currently based on the prevalence of clinical signs, which may result in further unnecessary distribution of mass antibiotic treatment and the increased spread of macrolide resistance alleles in ‘off-target’ bacterial species. We therefore developed a simple, fast, low cost diagnostic assay (DjinniChip) for diagnosis of ocular C. trachomatis for use by trachoma control programmes.

Methods

The study was conducted in London, Germany and Tanzania. For clinical testing in Tanzania, specimens from a sample of 350 children between the ages of 7 to15 years, which were part of a longitudinal cohort that began in February 2012 were selected. Two ocular swabs were taken from the right eye. The second swab was collected dry, kept cool in the field and archived at -80 o C before sample lysis for DjinniChip detection and parallel nucleic acid purification and detection/quantification by qPCR assay.

Results

Djinnichip was able to reliably detect >10 copies of C. trachomatis per test and correctly identified 7/10 Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics C. trachomatis panel samples, failing to detect 3 positive samples with genome equivalent amounts >10 copies. Djinnichip performed well across a range of typical trachoma field conditions and when used by lay personnel using a series of mock samples. In the laboratory in Tanzania, using clinical samples the sensitivity and specificity of DjinniChip for C. trachomatis was 66% (95% CI 51–78) and 94.8 (95% CI 91–97%) with an overall accuracy of 90.1 (95% CI 86.4 – 93).

Conclusions

DjinniChip performance is extremely promising, particularly its ability to detect low concentrations of C. trachomatis and its usability in field conditions. The DjinniChip requires further development to reduce inhibition and advance toward a closed system. DjinniChip results did not vary between local laboratory results and typical trachoma field settings, illustrating its potential for use in low-resource areas to prevent unnecessary rounds of MDA and to monitor for C. trachomatis recrudescence.
Determinants of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Among Patients Attending Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment From Peripheral Districts, Southern Ethiopia, 2019: a Case Control Study
Authors: Digesa Lankamo Ena , Beyene Aklil Hailu , Betre Erdaw Tachbele 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a challenge for global prevention and control of the disease. MDR-TB case management is difficult because it exposes to further economic and social costs that the patients face while seeking help and treatment. Ethiopia is one of the 30 MDR-TB burden countries. There is little research evidence of MDR-TB from the peripheral parts of the country.Objective: The study was designed to identify determinants of MDR-TB among patients attending anti tuberculosis treatment from peripheral districts, Southern Nations, Nationalities and People Region, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: Hospital based case control study was conducted from March to April, 2019 in Southern Ethiopia. Cases were confirmed MDR-TB patients, while controls were those who declared cured or completed first line ant-tuberculosis treatment. The study participants were recruited by stratified random sampling. The data were entered into Epi data 4.4.3, cleaned and analyzed by SPSS 24. Bivariate and multivariable analyses was used to identify determinants of MDR-TB. Determinants with P-value <0.05 were declared as having significant association with MDR-TB and adjusted odd ratio with 95% CI was used to measure degree of association. Result: A total of 180 study participants were recruited (90 cases and 90 controls) and participated in this study. The median age for cases and controls was 29 and 30.5 years respectively. More than two third (78.89%) of case participants were from rural and 49(54.44%) of the controls were from rural. Uneducated [AOR:5.18, 95%CI (1.69-15.80)], rural resident [AOR:2.60,95%CI(1.14-6.88)], body mass index(BMI)<18.5kg/m2[AOR:3.11,95%CI(1.41-6.88], pulmonary tuberculosis[AOR:3.98,95%CI(1.11-14.22)], contact history with tuberculosis patient [AOR:3.99,95%CI (1.75-9.07)] and history of previous treatment[AOR:9.5,95%CI(4.08-22)] were found independent determinants of MDR-TB.Conclusions and Recommendation: Uneducated, rural residence, body mass index <18.5kg/m2, pulmonary tuberculosis, contact history with tuberculosis patient and history of previous treatment were associated with MDR-TB. A community level education to enhance public awareness about MDR-TB, nutritional counseling and support, strengthening contact tracing and directly observed treatment strategies with treatment adherence interventions were recommended.
Reduced Susceptibility of Coronavirus SARS Development After Earthing Due to Increased pH Values in the Respiratory Tract
Authors: Sokal Paweł , Sokal Karol , Chevalier Gaetan , Kieronska Sara , Sokal Julia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Low pH is an important factor facilitating entry of enveloped viruses including coronaviruses and further fusion with the host epithelial cell membrane. pH in the pulmonary environment can be maintained by supplying a negative electric charge. The main objective was to check if earthing (direct or indirect connection to Earth) changes the pH of the respiratory tract.Methods: Nine participants were evaluated and pH measurements were taken on the mucous membrane of the throat before and after 15 minutes of earthing.Results: Mean pH before earthing was 5.83±0.43 and after earthing was 6.33± 0.43 (p=0.000323). Conclusions: Earthing is able to supply a negative charge resulting in alkalization of the pulmonary environment. The increased pH value in the respiratory tract reduces the pH-dependent entry of coronaviruses into epithelial cells. Earthing can have an impact on the course of respiratory tract infection both viral and bacterial decreasing the susceptibility of the development of fatal forms of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome).
The Time Interval between Insemination and Ovulation as Given by Ultrasound Predicts Live Birth Rate After Intrauterine Insemination with Donor Sperm (IUI-D)
Authors: MU XIN , WANG HUI , ZHANG NA , WEN WEN , WU QIONG , LIU PEIJUN , Shi Juan-zi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: A proper interval from insemination to ovulation (I-O interval) may increase the chance of pregnancy. Due to lack of studies for I-O interval in IUI-D cycles, we aimed to determine whether short I-O interval would contribute to better IUI-D outcomes.Methods: One thousand and one hundred sixty-five couples for 209 IUI-D cycles from a single public medical center participated in this retrospective analytical study. The data were collected from the medical records of couples. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to evaluate the effects of these variables on IUI outcome. Stepwise multivariate logistic analysis was used to construct a predictive model for the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in independent samples.Results: The I-O interval was the predictor for LBR. An I-O interval ≥19 hours significantly decreased CPR (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.285, 0.171-0.475) and LBR (OR, 95%CI =0.322, 0.189-0.549). The presence of at least two follicles ≥18mm on ovulation day significantly increased the LBR (OR, 95%CI =1.274, 1.012-1.602). Women aged 35 years and older had a significant decreased LBR (OR, 95% CI =0.607, 0.377-0.976).Conclusion(s): The I-O interval, a new prognostic factor, combination with the women’s age and number of dominant follicles, can predict the outcome after IUI-D. IUI-D is best performed within 19 hours of I-O interval for a higher probability of clinical pregnancy and live birth.
Determination of a non-perturbed reference for a new version of the disturbance ionosphere index
Authors: Picanço Giorgio Arlan da Silva , Denardini Clezio Marcos , Nogueira Paulo Alexandre Bronzato , Barbosa-Neto Paulo França , Resende Láysa Cristina Araújo , Carmo Carolina de Sousa do , Romero-Hernandez Esmeralda , Chen Sony Su , Moro Juliano , Silva Regia Pereira da 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present work, we propose and evaluate a new method for the determination of a non-perturbed Total Electron Content (TEC) reference to apply it on a new version of the disturbance ionosphere index (DIX). This method is based on the calculation of a 3-hour moving average over the TEC obtained during a given reference day (named 3hMAQd method). In this context, the reference day is supposed to represent a quiet pattern considering geomagnetic and ionospheric features. To evaluate its performance, we compared the proposed method with TEC values obtained from monthly medians and the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. The results are presented and discussed in terms of a dispersion coefficient between each method and the averaged TEC from the five quietest days of each month of 2015, over three Brazilian sites. Finally, we calculated the new DIX based on our proposed method and compared it with the original DIX values obtained during the extreme space weather event of St. Patrick’s Day magnetic storm (17–18 March 2015). Differences between the two DIX approaches are discussed to show the improvements in new DIX due to the application of the proposed non-perturbed reference. Moreover, results showed that the quality of the DIX calculation can be highly influenced by the non-perturbed reference determination. In this regard, the 3-hour moving average (3hMAQd) method showed to be a quite appropriate technique for the new DIX calculation, besides the 3-hour window matches with ordinary magnetic indices resolution (e.g. Kp and Ksa).
Effects of Exogenous Adiponectin Supplementation in Early Pregnant PCOS Mice on the Metabolic Syndrome of Adult Female Offspring
Authors: Zuo Meng , Liao Guotao , Zhang Wenqian , Xu Dan , Lu Juan , Tang Manhong , Yan Yue , Hong Chenghao , Wang Yuxia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: PCOS is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder with both reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. At present, PCOS has been confirmed to have a certain genetic background. Compared with healthy women, the vast majority of PCOS patients have hyperandrogenemia, and this excessive androgen exposure during pregnancy may affect the development of female fetuses. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of adiponectin intervention during early pregnancy of PCOS mice on the metabolic phenotype of adult female offspring. Methods: After the PCOS model was established, C57BL/6J mice were divided into maternal-control, maternal-PCOS, and maternal-PCOS+APN groups. DHEA-induced PCOS mice were supplemented with adiponectin (10 mg/kg/day) in the early pregnancy in order to eliminate adverse hormone exposure and then traced for endocrine indicators in their adult female offspring, which were observed for metabolism syndrome or endocrine disturbance and exhibited the main effects of APN. To further explore the underlying mechanism, the relative expressions of phosphorylated AMPK, PI3K, and Akt were detected in the ovaries of offspring mice. Results: The serum testosterone level of the maternal-PCOS+APN group in early pregnancy was significantly lower than that of the maternal-PCOS group ( p < 0.01). The serum testosterone level in the offspring-PCOS+APN group was significantly lower than in the offspring-PCOS group ( p <0.05), the diestrus time characterized by massive granulocyte aggregation in the estrus cycle was significantly shorter than in the offspring-PCOS group ( p <0.05), and the phenotypes of PCOS-like reproductive disorders and metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and hyperlipidemia, were also significantly improved in the offspring-PCOS+APN group ( p <0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of phosphorylated AMPK, PI3K, and Akt in the offspring-PCOS group were significantly decreased ( p <0.05), while those in the offspring-PCOS+APN group were significantly increased ( p <0.05).Conclusions: APN intervention in early pregnancy significantly reduced the adverse effects of maternal high androgen levels during pregnancy on female offspring and corrected the PCOS-like endocrine phenotype and metabolic disorders of adult female offspring. This effect may be caused by the activation of the AMPK/PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in PCOS offspring mice.
Implementation of a Telemental Health Training Program Across a Mental Health Department
Authors: Felker Bradford , McGinn Meghan M , Shearer Erika M , Raza Gina T , Gold Sari D , Kim Jean , Rojas Sasha M , Varkovitzky Ruth L , Morrison Kate L , McCann Russell A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Telemental Health (TMH) is an effective way to increase access to mental health services. For this reason, many health care systems strive to make TMH a part of routine mental health services. TMH use has increased substantially in recent years; however, health care systems have found it challenging to implement TMH ubiquitously. Minimal literature addresses system wide TMH implementation efforts. To broadly expand TMH throughout a VA medical center’s mental health service, a quality improvement project was conducted to develop and implement a comprehensive, novel TMH training program for staff. Methods: This quality improvement project was informed by implementation science methodologies. PARiHS criteria and Evidence-Based QI Implementation/Facilitation guided the development and implementation of this TMH training program, which included: (a) two online TMH courses, (b) a one-day didactic training including hands-on practice and skills evaluation, and (c) weekly calls where staff could receive TMH consultation. A total of 100 interdisciplinary mental health providers from outpatient mental health clinics participated in this training over the course of two years. RE-AIM criteria were used to evaluate the effectiveness of this training program. Results: Overall, providers reported satisfaction with this TMH training program, and found that it increased their TMH knowledge and competence. The number of providers using TMH and patients who received it nearly doubled in the two years after the launch of the TMH training compared to the two years preceding. Conclusions: This novel TMH training program was well-received by staff and increased the number of providers and patients using TMH. Since this project was completed, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the demand for telehealth services. This training model offers specific strategies based upon implementation science that could be disseminated to and adopted by mental health programs looking to implement system wide TMH use.
Effect of Sand Types on the Early Swimming Performance of Green Turtle Hatchlings
Authors: Suhaimi Nadhirah Syafiqah , RUSLI MOHD UZAIR , Booth David , Joseph Juanita 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The selection of the nest site is a critical factor whereby female turtles may choose to nest at the site that minimizes energy expenditure of hatchlings and time spent to construct the nest. Nest substrate such as grain size is hypothesized to influence hatchling fitness by affecting the amount of energy reserves used by the hatchlings during emergence. Throughout Malaysia more than half a million green turtle hatchlings are released from hatcheries annually, however the question of whether this practice is producing high-quality hatchlings remains unanswered. It is crucial to hatchery management to identify which types of sand are most suitable for egg incubation and beneficial for hatchlings during nest emergence. We measured the influence of sand types on hatchlings fitness in terms of self-righting ability and swimming performance which emerged from the coarse and fine grained sand. Ten nests which had reach 45 days of incubation duration were selected as the developing embryos would be robust enough to be transported from the nesting to the laboratory for further incubation. Eggs from each clutch were split and allowed to continuing incubating in two different experimental conditions, fine and coarse grain. After hatched, the morphological characteristics and self-righting ability of hatchlings were measured then placed inside the glass aquarium to test the swimming performance for 18 hours. Results revealed that sand types only influenced the straight carapace width (SCW) of hatchlings but had no effect on their swimming. Cooler nest temperatures and longer incubation periods in nests constructed in fine sand caused the hatchlings to have larger straight carapace width than hatchlings from coarse sand. We suggest that the relocation of eggs in the late incubation period within Chagar Hutang beach is fine. Hence, we concluded that green turtle hatchlings emerging from nests in either fine or coarse grain sands of Chagar Hutang beach did not have a significant impact on their swimming performance.