bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General Quantum Entanglement Purification Protocol using a Controlled‐Phase‐Flip Gate
Authors: Lu Lu‐Cong , Ren Bao‐Cang , Wang Xin , Zhang Mei , Deng Fu‐Guo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEntanglement purification is an important method to guarantee the fidelity of long‐distance quantum communication. Here, a general entanglement purification protocol (EPP) for mixed state with bit‐flip error and phase‐flip error is proposed, resorting to unilateral operations and a controlled‐phase‐flip (CPF) gate. The CPF gate is working with a high fidelity under balance condition of quantum dot embedded in a double‐sided optical cavity. This general EPP scheme can purify the mixed state with both bit‐flip error and phase‐flip error to a high fidelity entangled state relatively fast in some regimes, owing to the unilateral operations and high‐fidelity CPF gate, which can largely decrease the resource consumption. This general EPP provides a convenient way for increasing the entanglement of different quantum systems, which has great potential for guaranteeing the fidelity of long‐distance quantum communication in the future.
Perspektiven gekoppelter organisch‐anorganischer Nanostrukturen für Ladungs‐ und Energietransferanwendungen
Authors: Steiner Anja Maria , Lissel Franziska , Fery Andreas , Lauth Jannika , Scheele Marcus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit dem Bereich der organisch‐anorganischen Nanokomposite, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Materialien liegt, die einen signifikanten Grad elektronischer Kopplung über die Hybridgrenzfläche aufweisen. Diese Nanokomposite durchlaufen verschiedenste Ladungs‐ und Energietransferprozesse und ermöglichen optoelektronische Anwendungen in Bauelementen, welche auf der Nutzung von Singulettspaltung, der Gewinnung von Triplett‐Exzitonen, der Photonen‐Aufwärtskonvertierung oder dem Transfer heißer Ladungsträger beruhen. Wir diskutieren die physikalische Chemie der gängigsten organischen und anorganischen Komponenten. Ausgehend davon entwickeln wir Synthese‐ und Assemblierungsstrategien sowie Designkriterien auf Material‐ und Bauelementebene, mit Hinblick auf Photovoltaik, Spin‐Speicher und optischen Hochkonvertern. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die zukünftige Forschung auf diesem Gebiet auf ein besseres Verständnis des Bindungsmotivs und der molekularen Orientierung an der Hybridgrenzfläche ausgerichtet werden sollte.
Non‐Covalent Interactions Enable the Length‐Controlled Generation of Discrete Tubes Capable of Guest Exchange
Authors: Fa Shixin , Sakata Yoko , Akine Shigehisa , Ogoshi Tomoki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSupramolecular chemistry in confined spaces constructed from macrocyclic molecules has attracted much attention because it can utilize the specific binding properties of macrocyclic cavities. Herein we report the preparation of length‐controlled discrete tubular structures by homo‐/co‐assembly of rim‐differentiated and peralkylamino‐substituted pillar[5]arenes via hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. By dimerization and trimerization, the expanded tubes show a fivefold helical structure and stepwise binding, respectively. We found that the exchange speed of guest molecules in the tubes could be controlled by varying the tube length.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid Dual‐Function Catalysis: Asymmetric Allylation with α‐Vinyl Allylboron Reagents
Authors: Gao Shang , Duan Meng , Houk Kendall N. , Chen Ming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report a dual function asymmetric catalysis by a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst that controls both enantioselective addition of an achiral α‐vinyl allylboronate to aldehydes and pseudo‐axial orientation of the α‐vinyl group in the transition state. The reaction produces dienyl homoallylic alcohols with high Z‐selectivities and enantioselectivities. Computational studies revealed that minimization of steric interactions between the alkyl groups of the diol on boron and the chiral phosphoric acid catalyst influence the orientation of α‐vinyl substituent of the allylboronate reagent to occupy a pseudo‐axial position in the transition state.
Stepwise Assembly of Turn‐on Fluorescence Sensors in Multicomponent Metal–Organic Frameworks for in Vitro Cyanide Detection
Authors: Li Jialuo , Yuan Shuai , Qin Jun‐Sheng , Pang Jiandong , Zhang Peng , Zhang Yingmu , Huang Yanyan , Drake Hannah F. , Liu Wenshe R. , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe controlled synthesis of multicomponent metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) allows for the precise placement of multiple cooperative functional groups within a framework, leading to emergent synergistic effects. Herein, we demonstrate that turn‐on fluorescence sensors can be assembled by combining a fluorophore and a recognition moiety within a complex cavity of a multicomponent MOF. An anthracene‐based fluorescent linker and a hemicyanine‐containing CN−‐responsive linker were sequentially installed into the lattice of PCN‐700. The selective binding of CN− to hemicyanine inhibited the energy transfer between the two moieties, resulting in a fluorescence turn‐on effect. Taking advantage of the high tunability of the MOF platform, the ratio between anthracene and the hemicyanine moiety could be fine‐tuned in order to maximize the sensitivity of the overall framework. The optimized MOF‐sensor had a CN−‐detection limit of 0.05 μm, which is much lower than traditional CN− fluorescent sensors (about 0.2 μm).
An Adjustable‐Porosity Plastic Crystal Electrolyte Enables High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Wang Jin , Huang Gang , Chen Kai , Zhang Xin‐Bo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe limited triple‐phase boundaries (TPBs) in solid‐state cathodes (SSCs) and high resistance imposed by solid electrolytes (SEs) make the achievement of high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium‐oxygen (ASS Li‐O2) batteries a challenge. Herein, an adjustable‐porosity plastic crystal electrolyte (PCE) has been fabricated by employing a thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique to overcome the above tricky issues. The SSC produced through the in‐situ introduction of the porous PCE on the surface of the active material, facilitates the simultaneous transfer of Li+/e−, as well as ensures fast flow of O2, forming continuous and abundant TPBs. The high Li+ conductivity, softness, and adhesion of the dense PCE significantly reduce the battery resistance to 115 Ω. As a result, the ASS Li‐O2 battery based on this adjustable‐porosity PCE exhibits superior performances with high specific capacity (5963 mAh g−1), good rate capability, and stable cycling life up to 130 cycles at 32 °C. This novel design and exciting results could open a new avenue for ASS Li‐O2 batteries.
Unconventional Secondary Structure Mimics: Ladder‐Rungs
Authors: Lin Chen‐Ming , Arancillo Maritess , Whisenant Jonathan , Burgess Kevin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSecondary structures tend to be recognizable because they have repeating structural motifs, but mimicry of these does not have to follow such well‐defined patterns. Bioinformatics studies to match side‐chain orientations of a novel hydantoin triazole chemotype (1) to protein‐protein interfaces revealed it tends to align well across parallel and antiparallel sheets, like rungs on a ladder. One set of these overlays was observed for the protein‐protein interaction uPA⋅uPAR. Consequently, chemotype 1 was made with appropriate side‐chains to mimic uPA at this interface. Biophysical assays indicate these compounds did in fact bind uPAR, and elicit cellular responses that affected invasion, migration, and wound healing.
Habla Mi Idioma? An Exploratory Review of Working Systemically with People from Diverse Cultures: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Amorin‐Woods Deisy 
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a review of the literature informed by both grounded theory and phenomenology, which explores how culture is addressed in the family therapy field with particular emphasis on Australia. The primary aim of the study is to identify the issues and relevant publications that can inform and guide Australian family therapists in working with clients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The secondary aim is to provide recommendations that may inform research directions and clinical practice. The results indicate that this challenge is not unique to Australia; indeed the issue is ubiquitous across the Western world. This paper attempts to provide an impetus for future dialogue and to precipitate discussion around the development of a culturally sensitive approach in the Australian family therapy field.
Investigation of novel intumescent flame retardant low‐density polyethylene based on SiO2@MAPP and double pentaerythritol
Authors: Xu Jiacheng , Ou Hongxiang , Shan Xueying , Liu Ben , Jiang Juncheng , Xu Guoguang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo improve the flame‐retardant property of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) composites, a novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) covered by silicon dioxide and 3‐(Methylacryloxyl) propyltrimethoxy silane (KH‐570) (SiO2@MAPP) and double pentaerythritol (DPER) was synthesized. Various methods were applied to structural characterization and property investigations of different samples. The results indicated that the solubility of APP decreased after coating with silicon dioxide (SiO2) and KH‐570. The flame retardancy of LDPE composites was improved with addition of IFR containing SiO2@MAPP/DPER. With 30 wt% addition of IFR containing SiO2@MAPP /DPER, the limiting oxygen index reached 26.8% and the tensile strength was 3.30 MPa. The tensile strength was 7.14% higher than that of 30 wt% IFR without SiO2@MAPP. The smoke density test showed that the flue gas emission was obviously improved. The addition of SiO2@MAPP effectively increased the residual carbon content of composites and thermal stability of the composites.
In‐Situ Fabrication of Bone‐Like CoSe2 Nano‐Thorn Loaded on Porous Carbon Cloth as a Flexible Electrode for Na‐Ion Storage
Authors: Guo Huinan , Liu Guishu , Wang Mengying , Zhang Yan , Li Weiqin , Chen Kai , Liu Yafei , Yue Mengyuan , Wang Yijing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) based on flexible electrode materials are being investigated recently for improving sluggish kinetics and developing energy density. Transition metal selenides present excellent conductivity and high capacity; nevertheless, their low conductivity and serious volume expansion raise challenging issues of inferior lifespan and capacity fading. Herein, an in‐situ construction method through carbonization and selenide synergistic effect is skillfully designed to synthesize a flexible electrode of bone‐like CoSe2 nano‐thorn coated on porous carbon cloth. The designed flexible CoSe2 electrode with stable structural feature displays enhanced Na‐ion storage capabilities with good rate performance and outstanding cycling stability. As expected, the designed SIBs with flexible BL−CoSe2/PCC electrode display excellent reversible capacity with 360.7 mAh g−1 after 180 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g−1.
Microbial Engineering for Production of N‐Functionalized Amino Acids and Amines
Authors: Mindt Melanie , Walter Tatjana , Kugler Pierre , Wendisch Volker F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractN‐functionalized amines play important roles in nature and occur, for example, in the antibiotic vancomycin, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, the cytostatic actinomycin, the siderophore aerobactin, the cyanogenic glucoside linamarin, and the polyamine spermidine. In the pharmaceutical and fine‐chemical industries N‐functionalized amines are used as building blocks for the preparation of bioactive molecules. Processes based on fermentation and on enzyme catalysis have been developed to provide sustainable manufacturing routes to N‐alkylated, N‐hydroxylated, N‐acylated, or other N‐functionalized amines including polyamines. Metabolic engineering for provision of precursor metabolites is combined with heterologous N‐functionalizing enzymes such as imine or ketimine reductases, opine or amino acid dehydrogenases, N‐hydroxylases, N‐acyltransferase, or polyamine synthetases. Recent progress and applications of fermentative processes using metabolically engineered bacteria and yeasts along with the employed enzymes are reviewed and the perspectives on developing new fermentative processes based on insight from enzyme catalysis are discussed.
Egocentric and allocentric spatial memory in typically developed children: Is spatial memory associated with visuospatial skills, behavior, and cortisol?
Authors: Fernandez‐Baizan Cristina , Nuñez Paula , Arias Jorge L. , Mendez Marta 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionSpatial orientation relies mainly on two frameworks. The egocentric depends on our own position and point of view. The allocentric relies on remembering, recalling, and recognizing environmental stimuli called landmarks. The aim of this study was to analyze the egocentric and allocentric spatial memory performance in children of different ages using two experimental memory card‐placing tasks. We also aimed to examine relationships between spatial memory and other cognitive, physiological, and behavioral factors that, potentially, could be associated with spatial memory performance. Those were other visuospatial functions, the regular behavior of the child, cortisol levels, and daily life spatial memory.MethodsWe assessed 62 children (5, 6, and 7 years) using card‐placing tasks. We used RIST for IQ evaluation and subtest from NEPSY‐II for visuospatial ability assessment. Collection of saliva sample was carried out for cortisol analysis. Parents completed BASC questionnaire for behavioral evaluation and ECM‐Q questionnaire for daily life spatial memory evaluation.ResultsOur results showed that older children performed better on mental rotation. Directionality, map interpretation, and daily memory were directly associated with both egocentric and allocentric orientation. Egocentric performance was positively related to leadership abilities but negatively to depression and atypicality, while allocentric performance was directly associated with adaptive behavior but inversely with hyperactivity. Finally, cortisol values were positively associated with allocentric performance.ConclusionsOur study shows the development of different spatial abilities between 5 and 7 years, as well as the relationship between orientation performance, visuospatial skills, behavior, and cortisol.
GAPT regulates cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress in the brains of learning and memory impairment mice induced by scopolamine
Authors: Liu Zhenhong , Qin Gaofeng , Mana Lulu , Dong Yunfang , Huang Shuaiyang , Wang Yahan , Wu Yiqiong , Shi Jing , Tian Jinzhou , Wang Pengwen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress are the crucial mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). GAPT, also called GEPT (a combination of several active components extracted from the Chinese herbs ginseng, epimedium, polygala and tuber curcumae) or Jinsiwei, is a patented Chinese herbal compound, has been clinically widely used to improve learning and memory impairment, but whether it can play a neuroprotective role by protecting cholinergic neurons and reducing oxidative stress injury remains unclear.MethodsMale ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine (3 mg/kg) to establish a learning and memory disordered model. An LC‐MS method was established to study the chemical compounds and in vivo metabolites of GAPT. After scopolamine injection, a step‐down passive‐avoidance test (SDPA) and a Y maze test were used to estimate learning ability and cognitive function. In addition, ELISA detected the enzymatic activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acetylcholine (ACh), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD). The protein expressions of AChE, ChAT, SOD1, and GPX1 were observed by western blot, and the distribution of ChAT, SOD1, and GPX1 was observed by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsAfter one‐half or 1 month of intragastric administration, GAPT can ameliorate scopolamine‐induced behavioral changes in learning and memory impaired mice. It can also decrease the activity of MDA and protein expression level of AChE, increase the activity of Ach, and increase activity and protein expression level of ChAT, SOD, and GPX in scopolamine‐treated mice. After one and a half month of intragastric administration of GAPT, echinacoside, salvianolic acid A, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg2, pachymic acid, and beta asarone could be absorbed into mice blood and pass through BBB.ConclusionsGAPT can improve the learning and memory ability of scopolamine‐induced mice, and its mechanism may be related to protecting cholinergic neurons and reducing oxidative stress injury.
Prostate cancer risk in patients with melanoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Acharya Prakash , Mathur Mahesh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients has been frequently assessed. However, a comprehensive meta‐analysis specifically examining this association is lacking. Our aim was to quantify the risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients based on the available evidence.MethodsA systematic review of the existing literature was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases by two authors independently. Studies reporting the effect size in the form of standardized incidence ratio (SIR) were used for quantitative analyses.ResultsOf 17 studies included in the review, a total of 15 studies with 282 592 male melanoma patients were used for the analysis. Random‐effects meta‐analysis found a 24% increased risk (SIR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 1.30) of prostate cancer in melanoma patients compared to the general population, with a prediction interval of 1.05 to 1.45. The risk was consistently significant for various geographical regions and latitude. Heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 75%).ConclusionThese results suggest that the incidence of prostate cancer is significantly higher in patients with melanoma compared to the general population.
On the Catalytic Activity of [RuH2(PPh3)3(CO)] (PPh3=triphenylphosphine) in Ruthenium‐Catalysed Generation of Hydrogen from Alcohols: a Combined Experimental and DFT study
Authors: Lorusso Patrizia , Ahmad Shahbaz , Brill (née Schmid) Karin , Cole‐Hamilton David J. , Sieffert Nicolas , Bühl Michael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing density functional theory calculations (at the B97‐D2//BP86 level) and measurements of kinetic isotope effects, we explored the mechanism of [RuH2(PPh3)3(CO)] (22) in catalytic acceptor‐less dehydrogenation of methanol to formaldehyde. 22 is found to exhibit a similar activity as the previously studied [RuH2(H2)(PPh3)3] (1 b) complex. On the computed pathway, η2→η1 slippage of Ru‐bound formaldehyde prior to decoordination is indicated to be rate‐limiting, consistent with the low kH/kD KIE of 1.3 measured for this reaction. We also explored computationally the possibility of achieving complete dehydrogenation of methanol (into CO2 and H2), through subsequent decarbonylation of formaldehyde and water‐gas shift reaction of the resulting carbonyl complex. Complete pathways of this kind are traced for 22 and for [RuH2(PPh3)2(CO)2]. An alternative mechanism, involving a gem‐diol intermediate (obtained upon attack of OH− to coordinated formaldehyde), has also been investigated. All these pathways turned out to be unfavourable kinetically, in keeping with the lack of CO2 evolution experimentally observed in this system. Our calculations show that the reactions are hampered by the low electrophilicities of the CO and HCHO ligands, making OH− uptake unfavourable. Consequently, the subsequent intermediates are too high‐lying on the reaction profiles, thus leading to high kinetic barriers and preventing full dehydrogenation of methanol to occur by this kind of mechanism.
A New Dynamic Approach for N2O Decomposition by Pre‐reduced Rh/CeZrOx Catalysts
Authors: Moreau Camille , Caravaca Ángel , Vernoux Philippe , Gil Sonia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study deals with the catalytic decomposition of N2O into harmless N2 and O2, in view of its potential application to decrease the pollution from internal combustion engines. The key of this work was to pre‐reduce a Rh/CeZrOx catalyst under a H2 based atmosphere, in order to enhance the amount of oxygen vacancies in the ceria‐based support. The results demonstrated that both, Rh species and oxygen vacancies of the ceria‐based support catalyze the N2O decomposition reaction. However, the presence of high concentrations of H2O and O2 strongly inhibited the catalytic activity. Nevertheless, small O2 concentrations maintained the performance. Therefore, the pre‐reduced Rh/CeZrOx could be potentially used for the reduction of N2O emitted by internal combustion engines working in stoichiometric conditions. In addition, a short injection of a reducing agent (e. g. H2) allowed to partially recover the initial catalytic activity of the system. All in all, this study proposes a new potential approach to mitigate the overall N2O greenhouse gas emissions.
Co2+‐coordinated NH2‐carbon Quantum Dots Hybrid Precursor for the Rational Synthesis of Co−CoOX/Co−N−C ORR Catalyst
Authors: Xu Lian‐Hua , Lu Kun‐Kun , Li Junji , Shan Dan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor the goal of practical industrial development of fuel cells, design and synthesis of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) with sustainable and high performance are of great significance. In this work, the coordination of NH2‐carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) with Co2+ on carbon black was reasonably achieved via one‐pot and low‐cost hydrothermal treatment for the first time. Citric acid (CA) and urea (UA) were taken as carbon and nitrogen sources for NCQDs, respectively. The coordination of Co2+ and NCQDs were well‐characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, UV‐visible absorption and fluorescence. Carbonization of carbon black‐supported Co/NCQDs at 800 °C under N2 atmosphere endows the pyrolysis products with high catalytic activity. The Co−CoOX/Co−N−C possesses enhanced ORR performance in terms of positive onset‐potential (∼‐0.079 V vs. SCE) and half wave potential (E1/2) (∼‐0.201 V vs. SCE), high stability, as well as the accelerated reaction kinetics.
Mechanistic Insights into the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on Cyclo[18]carbon using Density Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Qin Binhao , Zhang Qiao , Li Yuhang , Yang Guangxing , Yu Hao , Peng Feng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCyclo[18]carbon (C18) as a special molecular allotrope of carbon composed of two‐coordinate carbon atoms has recently been manufactured and characterized by atomic manipulation. Herein, we analyze the electrochemical reduction characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO2) on typical carbon materials (graphene, C60, carbon nanotubes and C18) using density functional calculations. Encouragingly, C18 shows excellent CO2 reduction activity compared to other carbon materials.