bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a Blended, In-Service, Continuing Education Course in a Public Health System: Lessons for Education Providers and Healthcare Managers
Authors: Manzini Fernanda , Diehl Eliana Elisabeth , Farias Mareni Rocha , dos Santos Rosana Isabel , Soares Luciano , Rech Norberto , Lorenzoni Andrigo Antonio , Leite Silvana Nair 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:To train pharmacists working in the public health system, the Brazilian Ministry of Health developed a specialization course called Pharmaceutical Service and Access to Medicine Management (PSAMM) between 2010 and 2016. The course was free of charge and used e-learning as its main approach. In the end, 2,500 pharmacists were trained. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an in-service and e-learning course for pharmacists working in a public health system.Materials and Methods:Three workshops involving 67 participants were conducted at the conclusion of the course to analyze the perspective of the PSAMM course's faculty (tutors, regional coordinators, professors, and management committee) and students (pharmacists). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis and qualitative analysis methods were used.Results and Discussion:The strength dimension had the greatest number of items. The qualitative analysis resulted in six categories: the category “E-learning in continuing education” had the most cited items. Internal elements such as in-service hands-on activities directly related to the professionals' roles, course contents, faculty, and the methods to offer the course (the mixed methods and materials) were positively assessed. Nonetheless, external elements were considered critical for the course's outcomes such as investments in the infrastructure of pharmaceutical services, access to the internet, local managers' support for continuing education and innovation implementation, practice of interprofessional collaboration, and political stability. The continuing education course in the public health system was affected by internal elements such as its project and structure as well as external elements such as the sociopolitical scenario. Continuing education investment must be accompanied by infrastructure investment and coordination of services.
Approach and models for using distributed ledger technology to authenticate educational documents
Authors: Kachan D. A. , Vishniakou U. A. 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyze methods, approaches, and tools of distributed ledger technology (DLT) for working with documents in education. The objectives of the article are to analyze problems with the authentication of educational documents, develop new structural solutions using block chain technology, consider two models, and evaluate their use for educational documents.Authentication of educational documents is carried out using state registers, which is a complex and resource-intensive process. There is an increase in the number of forged documents in the world, which calls into question the effectiveness of modern mechanisms. Distributed ledger technology (block chain) is a sustainable technological trend that affects the development and quality of the digital economy. The existence of a mechanism for verifying the authenticity of educational documents that is resistant to malicious manipulation is an urgent task that goes beyond the sphere of education, possible solutions to which are proposed to be considered in this paper.The article provides a brief description of DLT and considers the approach of using the technology to authenticate educational documents. It consists of two main stages: the issue of a digital educational document and its verification. The role of a trusted third party in the issue and validation process is considered. The paper presents the models for issuing and validating digital documents based on distributed ledger technology, which allows one to eliminate the limitations and shortcomings of existing approaches. The effectiveness of the approach based on the proposed models is revealed. The formulated approaches can be applied in various socio-economic areas and public administration to work with similar documents.
Unimodal electric motor-generator
Authors: Kurayev A. A. , Matveyenka V. V. 
Published: November 2020

The commissioning of nuclear power plants in Belarus sets out wide tasking for the efficient usage of electrical energy in various electrical systems, instruments and devices. Specifically, it concerns the stationary and special-purpose electric motors. At present, they use bipolar motors with a collector – the switch of the motor armature windings during its rotation. However, there is a completely different type of motors that does not require a collector – the unipolar electric motor-generator. Some of its properties allow it to be used where the commutator motor is unsuitable, for example, in explosive and fire hazardous environments (sparking on the collector is unacceptable), in precision devices where extreme smoothness and vibration lack are required, etc. Physico-mathematical foundations of the unipolar motor-generator (moving media electrodynamics, Lorentz force, unipolar induction, magnetohydrodynamics) are described in a number of monographs and textbooks, for example, in [1–4]. The purpose of this article is to pay attention to the technical feasibility of the unipolar motor-generator in a design with separated conductors in the rotor drum.
Implementation of Digital Education: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Dmitriev V. Ya. , Ignat’eva T. A. , Ivanova A. O. , Pilyavskiy V. P. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. The presented study aims to identify the key problems for the participants of the educational process caused by the introduction of digital education into the educational environment of an educational institution and to formulate possible solutions to these problems.Tasks. The authors analyze the mechanism of implementation of digital technologies in the educational process; identify weak points in the active introduction of distance learning; outline opportunities for the development of digital education.Methods. This study uses the methods of the systems approach, comparative and structural analysis, analytical and theoretical generalization.Results. The major problems of digital education implementation are identified; two principal development paths are proposed with an aim to improve the efficiency and quality of educational services based on digital technologies.Conclusions. The main problems of digital education implementation are the lack of face-to-face communication and real-life interaction between the teacher and students; insufficient technical equipment (the need for computers, laptops, tablets); poor performance of the equipment that hosts information resources combined with large amounts of transmitted data. As possible solutions to these problems, the authors outline two major development paths: improving the quality of educational content and developing efficient tools, i.e. a modern online education platform.
Concordancia de la filtración glomerular estimada según las fórmulas utilizadas en Colombia en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica no en diálisis
Authors: Coronado Daza Jorge Antonio , Fragozo Ramos María Carolina , Reyes Fontalvo Lina Fernanda 
Published: November 2020

Introducción: las guías colombianas de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) recomiendan estimar la filtración glomerular (FG) con la fórmula de Epidemiología de la Enfermedad Renal Crónica (CKD-EPI). No se han realizado estudios que comparen en la población colombiana la exactitud de esta fórmula con otras utilizadas en la práctica clínica.
Diseño y Métodos: En 757 pacientes adultos evaluamos el desempeño para estimar la FG por las fórmulas de la Modificación de la Dieta en la Enfermedad Renal (MDRD4), Cockroft-Gault (CG) y Cockroft-Gault corregida para la superficie corporal (CG-SC) comparada con la fórmula de CKD-EPI. El desempeño se evaluó con mediciones del sesgo, precisión y exactitud.
Resultados: La media de la FG por CKD-EPI fue 37.32±12.71 ml/min/1.73m2, por MDRD4 de 39.8±13.2 ml/min/1.73m2, por CG fue 35±12.6 ml/min y por CG-SC de 34.52±11.34 ml/min/1.73m2. Todas las fórmulas tuvieron un sesgo con relación a la FG por CKD-EPI. La fórmula más precisa y más exacta fue la MDRD4 que sólo difirió una proporción>15% y del 30% en el 2.9% y 0.26% de las mediciones respectivamente y la menos exacta fue la FG estimada por CG que difirió en el 40.3% y 18.23% de las mediciones. El coeficiente de correlación entre la FG por CKD-EPI y MDRD4 fue de 0.97, con CG y CG-SC de 0.78 y 0.85, respectivamente.
Conclusiones: la fórmula alterna más exacta para estimar la filtración glomerular en esta población colombiana es la MDRD-4 que tiene una alta concordancia con la fórmula de CKD-EPI. Se sugiere no utilizar la estimación de la FG con la fórmula de CG.
Caracterización de los pacientes con endocarditis infecciosa en población de Boyacá
Authors: Barón-Barón Javier Orlando , Rozo-Ortiz Edwar Jassir , Martínez-Mariño María Mónica , Najar-Molano Fransol , Vargas Rodriguez Ledmar Jovanny , Márquez-Rosales Benjamín Alexánder 
Published: November 2020

La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es una enfermedad multisistémica que resulta de una infección, generalmente bacteriana, de la superficie endocárdica. Su incidencia es de tres a nueve casos por cada 100 000 personas.
Objetivo: realizar una caracterización de los pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Rafael de Tunja con diagnóstico de endocarditis infecciosa.
Material y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo. Pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Rafael de Tunja entre el 1º. de enero del 2010 a 1º. de enero del 2019. Se tomaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, paraclínicas, imagenológicos, terapéuticas y de desenlaces.
Resultados: en total se atendieron 87 personas que presentaron diagnóstico confirmado de endocarditis infecciosa. La edad promedio fue 38.77 años con una DE ± 13.32 años. Se observó leucocitosis en 90%, neutrofilia en 85%, linfocitosis en 3%, trombocitopenia en 4%, aumento de los valores séricos de PCR en 85%, transaminitis en 45%, hiponatremia en 2% e hipernatremia en 4%. Todos los pacientes recibieron manejo antibiótico, tan solo 23% requirieron manejo quirúrgico.
Conclusiones: en esta serie de casos se encontraron características clínicas y microbiológicas similares a lo reportado en otras investigaciones nacionales e internacionales. Afectando con mayor frecuencia a personas del sexo masculino, siendo el principal agente causal el Staphylococcus aureus, el agente causal. La fiebre y los signos de vasculitis infecciosa fueron las principales manifestaciones clínicas, afectado con mayor frecuencia la válvula mitral.
Physician engagement in regularly scheduled rounds
Authors: Bass Adam , Armson Heather , McLaughlin Kevin , Lockyer Jocelyn 
Published: November 2020

Background: Physician participation in regularly scheduled series (RSS), also known as grand rounds, was explored with a particular focus on physician perceptions about the elements that affected their engagement in RSS and the unanticipated benefits to RSS.
Methods: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis examined physicians’ perception of their knowledge and educational needs and the factors that contributed to engagement in their local hospital RSS.
Results: Physician engagement in RSS was affected by four major themes: Features that Affect the RSS’ Quality; Collegial Interactions; Perceived Outcomes of RSS; and Barriers to participation in RSS. Features that Affect RSS’ Quality were specific modifiable features that impacted the perceived quality of the RSS. Collegial Interactions were interactions that occurred between colleagues directly or indirectly as a result of attending RSS. Outcomes of RSS were specific outcome measures used in RSS sessions. Barriers were seen as reasons why physicians were unwilling or unable to participate in RSS. All of the elements identified within the four themes contributed to the development of physician engagement. Physicians also identified changes directly and indirectly due to RSS.
Discussion: Specific features of RSS result in enhanced physician engagement. There are benefits that may not be accounted for in continuing medical education (CME) outcome study designs
Covid-19: Distanciamiento Social, sus Efectos Psicológicos y 10 Estrategias para Sobrellevarlo
Authors: Vides Alonzo Rory René , Alegria Barrow Eileen Mariemilia , Morales Guerra Isolina Janeth , Sagastume Roque Carlos Junior , Montejo Galdámez Juan Danilo 
Published: November 2020

El estado de alerta decretado por el gobierno para hacer frente a la crisis sanitaria en la que nos encontramos en relación a la expansión del coronavirus (COVID-19), obligó a cambios en los patrones de comportamiento y detenimiento del funcionamiento habitual del dí­a a dí­a. Cuando la situación dura más de unas pocas semanas, a menudo surgen problemas de salud relacionados con el aislamiento social. El brote de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) puede causar estrés en algunas personas, la ansiedad por la pandemia puede ser abrumadora y causar fuertes emociones en adultos y niños. En efecto, esta situación tiene una potente carga psicológica sobre nosotros.
Durante la pandemia, es razonable esperar que las enfermedades mentales se vean afectadas de diferentes formas por aislamiento prolongado. Los efectos más frecuentes son: Depresión paranoide, Esquizofrenia residual, Trastorno esquizoide de la personalidad, entre otras. Demasiada información puede provocarnos estrés, ansiedad u angustia que afecta nuestro estado emocional, que nos lleva a realizar diversas comprobaciones, como buscar información nueva y actualizada. Para mitigar estos factores estresores y sus posibles consecuencias, existen algunas estrategias que pueden utilizarse para prevenir y reducir los efectos del aislamiento.
An investigation of how relative precision of target encoding influences metacognitive performance
Authors: Kellij Sanne , Fahrenfort Johannes , Lau Hakwan , Peters Megan A. K. , Odegaard Brian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDetection failures in perceptual tasks can result from different causes: sometimes we may fail to see something because perceptual information is noisy or degraded, and sometimes we may fail to see something due to the limited capacity of attention. Previous work indicates that metacognitive capacities for detection failures may differ depending on the specific stimulus visibility manipulation employed. In this investigation, we measured metacognition while matching performance in two visibility manipulations: phase-scrambling and the attentional blink. As in previous work, metacognitive asymmetries emerged: despite matched type 1 performance, metacognitive ability (measured by area under the ROC curve) for reporting stimulus absence was higher in the attentional blink condition, which was mainly driven by metacognitive ability in correct rejection trials. We performed Signal Detection Theoretic (SDT) modeling of the results, showing that differences in metacognition under equal type I performance can be explained when the variance of the signal and noise distributions are unequal. Specifically, the present study suggests that phase scrambling signal trials have a wider distribution (more variability) than attentional blink signal trials, leading to a larger area under the ROC curve for attentional blink trials where subjects reported stimulus absence. These results provide a theoretical basis for the origin of metacognitive differences on trials where subjects report stimulus absence, and may also explain previous findings where the absence of evidence during detection tasks results in lower metacognitive performance when compared to categorization.
Strong Post-merger Gravitational Radiation of GW170817-like Events
Authors: Fan Yi-Zhong , Jiang Jin-Liang , Tang Shao-Peng , Jin Zhi-Ping , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The post-merger gravitational-wave (GW) radiation of the remnant formed in the binary neutron star (BNS) coalescence has not been directly measured yet. We show in this work that the properties of the BNS involved in GW170817, additionally constrained by PSR J0030+0451, the lower limit on the maximum gravitational mass of nonrotating neutron star (NS), and some nuclear data, are in favor of strong post-merger GW radiation. This conclusion applies to the mergers of Galactic BNS systems as well. Significant post-merger GW radiation is also preferred to improve the consistency between the maximum gravitational mass of the nonrotating NS inferred from GW170817/GRB170817A/AT2017gfo and the latest mass measurements of pulsars. The prominent post-merger gravitational radiation of GW170817-like events are expected to be detectable by advanced LIGO/Virgo detectors in the next decade and then shed valuable light on the properties of the matter in the extremely high density.
Hiding Signatures of Gravitational Instability in Protoplanetary Disks with Planets
Authors: Rowther Sahl , Meru Farzana , Kennedy Grant M. , Nealon Rebecca , Pinte Christophe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We carry out three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations to show that a migrating giant planet strongly suppresses the spiral structure in self-gravitating disks. We present mock Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) continuum observations that show that in the absence of a planet, spiral arms due to gravitational instability are easily observed. Whereas in the presence of a giant planet, the spiral structures are suppressed by the migrating planet resulting in a largely axisymmetric disk with a ring and gap structure. Our modeling of the gas kinematics shows that the planet’s presence could be inferred, for example, using optically thin 13C16O. Our results show that it is not necessary to limit the gas mass of disks by assuming high dust-to-gas mass ratios in order to explain a lack of spiral features that would otherwise be expected in high-mass disks.
The first data on the nesting biology of the invasive blue nest-renting wasp, Chalybion turanicum (Gussakovskij, 1935) (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae, Sceliphrinae) in the Crimea
Authors: Fateryga Alexander V. , Kovblyuk Mykola M. , Kvetkov Roman S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe nesting biology ofChalybion turanicum(Gussakovskij, 1935) has been studied, with a total of 31 nests being examined. All studied nests were located inside the old nest cells ofSceliphron destillatorium(Illiger, 1807). Each nest ofCh. turanicumconsisted of a single cell. Females hunted for spiders, with 18 species in five families being identified among their prey. Two most abundant victim groups were Theridiidae (eight species, 54% of specimens) and Araneidae (seven species, 33% of specimens) spiders. A spider number stored in a cell varied from five to 31 (mean = 17.6 ± 5.4). In the Crimea,Ch. turanicumhas one generation per year with reproductive success of 67%. Two species of the nest parasites were reared from cells ofCh. turanicum:Chrysis taczanovskiiRadoszkowski, 1876 andAcroricnus seductor(Scopoli, 1786).Chalybion turanicumis the seventh invasive species of Sphecidae naturalized in Europe.
Communities of ground beetles (Carabidae, Coleoptera) in broad-leaved forests of protected and urban areas of the Kaluga Oblast (European Russia)
Authors: Shashkov Maxim , Alexeev Sergei , Ivanova Natalya 
Published: November 2020

This sampling-event dataset provides primary data about species diversity, population and seasonal activity of ground beetles (Carabidae, Coleoptera). The study was carried out in broad-leaved forests of protected ("Kaluzhskiye Zaseki" Nature Reserve and Ugra National Park) and urban areas (the Kaluga City) of the Kaluga Oblast. Carabids were collected from April to October during 1995-1998 by pitfall traps. In total, 108,000 adult individuals of the Carabidae family were sampled; 105 species from 38 genera were counted.
This dataset is the first sampling-event dataset about the Carabidae family for the European part of Russia. It provides biodiversity data for new territory (Kaluga Oblast) and contributes to filling gaps in the global biodiversity distribution of the Carabidae family. Part of the data was collected from unique old-growth broad-leaved forests.
Le Parti social-démocrate suédois et la politique étrangère de la Suède
Authors: Mousson-Lestang Jean-Pierre 
Published: November 2020

La Suède contemporaine n’a inspiré que très peu de travaux en France. L’histoire des belligérances et des neutralités de 1914 à 1918 est aujourd’hui très largement écrite et nous permet de mieux comprendre la génèse et la poursuite de la grande guerre civile européenne.

Mais la Suède? Que de raisons, pourtant, pour une participation au conflit: un contentieux plus que séculaire avec la Russie, une solidarité croissante depuis 1871 avec l’Allemagne impériale à de nombreux niveaux de la Société et de l’État, un renouveau manifeste des sentiments nationalis­tes. L’histoire de la non-intervention suédoise conduit à s’interroger sur l’influence que les grands partis politiques, et plus particulièrement le parti social-démocrate, ont exercé sur la politique extérieure du pays. Cette étude s’efforce ainsi de comprendre comment les sociaux-démocrates ont contri­bué à préserver la Suède non seulement de la guerre extérieure, mais aussi des révolutions, que cette dernière suscita et qui bouleversèrent et la Russie et l’Allemagne.

Ce sont en grande partie les choix de politique étrangère qui permirent la montée fulgurante d’un parti social-démocrate qui, à l’image de son prési­dent Hjalmar Branting, sut rassurer par son réalisme et son patriotisme. C’est alors, avec l’arrivée de nouvelles équipes dirigeantes et l’émergence d’une nouvelle société politique qu’est née la Suède moderne.
Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) electrophysiological activity towards common yarrow (Asteraceae) essential oil and its components
Authors: Light Michael , Faraone Nicoletta , Shutler Dave , Cutler G. Christopher , Hillier N. Kirk 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEssential oils produced by plants are a rich source of metabolites that can have toxic or behaviour-modifying effects on arthropods. Some essential oils have shown promise in management of the mite Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman (Mesostigmata: Varroidae), a parasite of western honey bees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Essential oil and its components from common yarrow, Achillea millefolium Linnaeus (Asteraceae), are reported to have both insecticidal and repellent properties for other arthropod pests and may have activity against V. destructor. Here, we evaluate responses of V. destructor towards common yarrow essential oil using gas chromatography paired with electrotarsal detection. We identified 38 essential oil components that elicited electrophysiological responses from V. destructor. Components of common yarrow essential oil identified as electrophysiologically active in this study are reported elsewhere as active components of other management strategies for V. destructor infestations (e.g., thyme oil; Thymus sp. (Lamiaceae)). Pending behavioural assessment, the efficacy of common yarrow essential oil in honey bee colonies infested by V. destructor should be explored in field conditions.