bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐Step 3 D‐Printing Approach toward Sustainable, Repairable, Fluorescent Shape‐Memory Thermosets Derived from Cellulose and Rosin
Authors: Lu Chuanwei , Wang Chunpeng , Yu Juan , Wang Jifu , Chu Fuxiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Jifu Wang at Biomass‐derived Photopolymer Materials, Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF. The image shows the application of cellulose and rosin to fabricate a class of renewable, repairable, fluorescent, and shape‐memory thermosets by a two‐step 3 D‐printing approach. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201902191.
Utilizing Cyclic Voltammetry to Understand the Energy Storage Mechanisms for Copper Oxide and its Graphene Oxide Hybrids as Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Day Cameron , Greig Katie , Massey Alexander , Peake Jennifer , Crossley David , Dryfe Robert A. W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Robert A. W. Dryfe at the University of Manchester in collaboration with William Blythe Ltd. (Lancashire). The image shows bees building a graphene‐containing battery that powers an external circuit, depicted by a purple curve. This curve represents a cyclic voltammogram, specifically of copper oxide during a charge/discharge cycle in a Li‐ion half‐cell, as presented in the article. The use of bees has both scientific and geographic significance. For the former, bees are assisting in building the honeycomb‐like hexagonal graphene lattice, just as they do in nature. Geographically, bees are symbolic to the locations of both collaborators on this project, the University of Manchester and William Blythe (Lancashire). The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201902784.
An energy‐efficient task‐scheduling algorithm based on a multi‐criteria decision‐making method in cloud computing
Authors: Khorsand Reihaneh , Ramezanpour Mohammadreza 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThe massive growth of cloud computing has led to huge amounts of energy consumption and carbon emissions by a large number of servers. One of the major aspects of cloud computing is its scheduling of many task requests submitted by users. Minimizing energy consumption while ensuring the user's QoS preferences is very important to achieving profit maximization for the cloud service providers and ensuring the user's service level agreement (SLA). Therefore, in addition to implementing user's tasks, cloud data centers should meet the different criteria in applying the cloud resources by considering the multiple requirements of different users. Mapping of user requests to cloud resources for processing in a distributed environment is a well‐known NP‐hard problem. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes an energy‐efficient task‐scheduling algorithm based on best‐worst (BWM) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodology. The main objective of this paper is to determine which cloud scheduling solution is more important to select. First, a decision‐making group identify the evaluation criteria. After that, a BWM process is applied to assign the importance weights for each criterion, because the selected criteria have varied importance. Then, TOPSIS uses these weighted criteria as inputs to evaluate and measure the performance of each alternative. The performance of the proposed and existing algorithms is evaluated using several benchmarks in the CloudSim toolkit and statistical testing through ANOVA, where the evaluation metrics include the makespan, energy consumption, and resource utilization.
Numerical methods for sedimentary‐ancient‐DNA‐based study on past biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
Authors: Chen Wentao , Ficetola Gentile Francesco 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSedimentary ancient DNA (SedaDNA) is an emerging tool to reconstruct past biodiversity with high taxonomic resolution. Its growing popularity has stimulated an increasing complexity of SedaDNA data production (e.g., DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing; authentication of molecules; bioinformatics). Conversely, less attention has been devoted to how appropriate statistical analyses can help to extract ecological information from SedaDNA. Until now, ecological studies based on SedaDNA have taken limited advantage of the multiple statistical and numerical methods available for analysis. Here, we present a range of numerical approaches that can be particularly useful to multispecies ecological analysis on SedaDNA, with a special focus on biodiversity studies on macroorganisms. We discuss the advantages and complexity of such methods and describe how some of them can be optimized for ecological analyses of SedaDNA‐based metabarcoding data, with a special focus on SedaDNA studies. First, site occupancy‐detection models can help to better ascertain the variation through time of the occurrence of target species and to identify the factors determining their detection through time. Second, several approaches can be used to estimate variation of relative abundance. Even though methods for abundance estimation have major limitations, they can provide useful information on temporal variation of ecosystem functions. Third, approaches exist to obtain better measures of species diversity, while taking into account the uncertainties of species abundance and identification. Fourth, techniques of clustering, ordination, and constrained ordination allow identification of temporal trends and testing of candidate drivers of community variation. Finally, structural equation models can be used to assess complex causal relationships among biodiversity, human activities, and environment. SedaDNA studies can make use of a broad panel of analytical approaches, which can improve our understanding of long‐term biodiversity changes, maximizing the information we can obtain from past ecosystems.
Ant colony optimization and firefly algorithms for robotic motion planning in dynamic environments
Authors: Gangadharan Mohanan M. , Salgaonkar Ambuja 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetaheuristic algorithms such as ant colony optimization (ACO) and firefly (FF) have been successfully employed to solve the optimization problems such as robot motion planning in dynamic environments. The systematic plantation of rubber trees on a rectangular grid motivated us to explore application of grid search algorithms. We compared the ACO and FF algorithms in various scenarios by changing simulation parameters like density of the environment, land size, number of robots simultaneously available, and hillock plantations. In all different scenarios, we evaluated the performance of ACO and FF in terms of path length and time of execution, we found that later is outperforming the former. Regression equations are framed to establish the contributions of different parameters. Statistical significance of the results has been in favor of this hypothesis. The shortest path on a plain land is the relatively simplest scenario, while the Hamiltonian on a concave surface is arguably the most difficult. The novelty of this work lies in the very idea of an autonomous robot for the rubber tapping and then path optimization by employing soft computing techniques. This proposal of rubber harvesting robot if implemented for latex collection, has a potential to drive the rubber farming and allied businesses to scale up the economy of the coastal areas of India, say for example, Kerala.
Mitigating distributed denial of service attacks in satellite networks
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Qaraqe Marwa , Asghar Muhammad Rizwan , Shafique Ansari Imran 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSatellite communication is becoming a complementary technology in future 5G and beyond networks due to its wider coverage. Similar to any terrestrial network, security has become a major concern in satellite networks. Due to a long distance between ground stations (GS) and satellite transponders and due to its inherited broadcast nature, satellite communication encounters certain limitations such as high bit error rate, high link delays, power control, and large round trip delays. The aforementioned limitations make security techniques proposed for terrestrial networks more challenging in satellite settings. Denial‐of‐service (DoS) and distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks have become one of the most popular security threats in both the terrestrial and satellite networks. In this article, we present a DDoS mitigation technique that can be employed at the GS end in satellite networks. In particular, we simulate Internet Control Message Protocol echo request (ping) flooding across a satellite network and propose a proactive mitigation technique by restricting the number of echo requests a network entity can generate. The simulation results demonstrate that DDoS attacks can be mitigated in satellite networks without affecting the quality of experience of legitimate users.
Connecting EEG signal decomposition and response selection processes using the theory of event coding framework
Authors: Takacs Adam , Zink Nicolas , Wolff Nicole , Münchau Alexander , Mückschel Moritz , Beste Christian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the integration of perception and action are an important topic in cognitive neuroscience. Yet, connections between neurophysiology and cognitive theoretical frameworks have rarely been established. The theory of event coding (TEC) details how perceptions and actions are associated (bound) in a common representational domain (the “event file”), but the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying these processes are hardly understood. We used complementary neurophysiological methods to examine the neurophysiology of event file processing (i.e., event‐related potentials [ERPs], temporal EEG signal decomposition, EEG source localization, time‐frequency decomposition, EEG network analysis). We show that the P3 ERP component and activity modulations in inferior parietal regions (BA40) reflect event file binding processes. The relevance of this parietal region is corroborated by source localization of temporally decomposed EEG data. We also show that temporal EEG signal decomposition reveals a pattern of results suggesting that event file processes can be dissociated from pure stimulus and response‐related processes in the EEG signal. Importantly, it is also documented that event file binding processes are reflected by modulations in the network architecture of theta frequency band activity. That is, when stimulus–response bindings in event files hamper response selection this was associated with a less efficient theta network organization. A more efficient organization was evident when stimulus–response binding in event files facilitated response selection. Small‐world network measures seem to reflect event file processing. The results show how cognitive‐theoretical assumptions of TEC can directly be mapped to the neurophysiology of response selection.
Effects of perceived overqualification on career distress and career planning: Mediating role of career identity and moderating role of leader humility
Authors: Ma Chao , Ganegoda Deshani B. , Chen (George) Zhen Xiong , Jiang Xinhui , Dong Chunyan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, we examined how perceived overqualification influences employees' career distress and career planning. Specifically, we drew on role identity theory to hypothesize that perceived overqualification is positively related to individuals' career identity. Based on internal self‐processing dynamics of role identity, we further hypothesized that career identity predicts reduced career distress and increased career planning. We expected career identity to mediate the effects of overqualification on career distress and career planning. Based on the symbolic interactionism perspective of identity, we hypothesized that this mediation is moderated by leader humility so that overqualified employees exhibit stronger career identities in the presence of a humble leader. We found support for our hypotheses in a multi‐wave time‐lagged study of 220 supervisor–subordinate dyads from 50 groups. Overall, our studies highlight that perceived overqualification can have positive effects on employees and organizations under appropriate management conditions. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of these results.
MHD rotating flow of a Maxwell fluid with Arrhenius activation energy and non‐Fourier heat flux model
Authors: Ramaiah K. Dasaradha , P. Surekha , Kotha Gangadhar , Thangavelu Kannan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present work, the effects of the transfer of heat, as well as the mass phenomenon of a Maxwell fluid in revolving flow over a unidirectional stretching surface are discussed. The result of the magnetic field within the boundary layer is considered. In the energy equation, the heat flux model of non‐Fourier Cattaneo–Christov is employed. The customized Arrhenius function for energy activation is used. By using the transformation strategy, nondimensional expressions are achieved. To predict the highlights of the current effort, the result of the emerging nonlinear differential structure is calculated with the aid of the shooting procedure as well as the Runge–Kutta Fehlberg procedure. The influence of velocity and temperature along with concentration profiles for various physical parameters is analyzed. The involvement of fluid relaxation and thermal retardation phenomena is unequivocally mentioned. The evolution of heat transfer, as well as the rate of mass in the flow of fluids, is illustrated by the use of graphs in addition to tables. Furthermore, the current effort is confirmed by examination with previously published results, which establishes a strategy for the execution of a numerical approach. It is observed that the concentration of a solute in dual combination is relative to both rotation parameters along with activation energy. Besides this, a diminishing pattern in the distribution of temperature is described within the existence of the Cattaneo–Christov flux law by association with the rate of heat transfer because of Fourier's law. The present investigation can be applied in numerous engineering and technical procedures including the development of thin sheets, modeling of plastic sheets, in the lubrication system industry related to polymers, compression, and injection shaping in the area of chemical production and bimolecular reactions. Inspired by those applications, the present work is undertaken.
The impact of aging on the subregions of the fusiform gyrus in healthy older adults
Authors: Shah Mahima , Kurth Florian , Luders Eileen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe fusiform gyrus is known to decrease in size with increasing age. However, reported findings are inconsistent and existing studies differ in terms of the cohorts examined and/or the methods applied. Here, we analyzed age‐related links in four distinct subregions of the fusiform gyrus through integrating imaging‐based intensity information with microscopically defined cytoarchitectonic probabilities. In addition to age effects we investigated sex effects as well as age‐by‐sex interactions in a relatively large sample of 468 healthy subjects (272 females/196 males) covering a broad age range (42–97 years). We observed significant negative correlations between age and all four subregions of the fusiform gyrus indicating volume decreases over time, albeit with subregion‐specific trajectories. Additionally, we observed significant negative quadratic associations with age for some subregions, suggesting an accelerating volume loss over time. These findings may serve as a frame of reference for future cross‐sectional as well as longitudinal studies, not only for normative samples but also potentially for clinical conditions that present with abnormal atrophy of the fusiform gyrus. We did not detect any significant sex differences or sex‐by‐age interactions, suggesting that the size of the fusiform gyrus is similar in male and female brains and that age‐related atrophy follows a similar trajectory in both men and women.
Volumetric Raman chemical imaging of drug delivery systems
Authors: Slipets Roman , Ilchenko Oleksii , Mazzoni Chiara , Tentor Fabio , Nielsen Line Hagner , Boisen Anja 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe ability to image drug distribution inside a several hundred micron thick polymer matrix, encapsulated by a protective coating, would greatly contribute to the understanding of the performance and shortcomings of drug delivery devices. Here, we present an experimental framework for deep volumetric Raman imaging (dVRI), where common challenges such as low Raman cross section, fluorescence, and low transparency of samples are overcome. We apply dVRI to a selection of drug delivery forms, tablets with thin protective coatings and drug‐loaded microdevices. We demonstrate three‐dimensional visualization of the different drug/polymeric materials, constituting a drug delivery device, with imaging depth of 225 μm.
Cytokine profiles in maternal serum are candidates for predicting an optimal timing for the delivery in early‐onset fetal growth restriction
Authors: Kawashima Akihiro , Oba Tomohiro , Yasuhara Rika , Sekiya Bunbu , Sekizawa Akihiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe examined whether maternal serum cytokine profiles of mothers with early‐onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) were associated with delivery within 2 weeks after sampling during the third trimester.Study designThis exploratory prospective cross‐sectional study included a total of 20 singleton fetuses with early‐onset FGR and 31 healthy controls. Maternal serum samples during the early third trimester were analyzed for 23 cytokines.ResultsOf 20 fetuses with early‐onset FGR, 14 had delivery within 2 weeks after sampling. Multivariate analysis revealed that maternal serum concentrations of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 (sVEGFR‐1) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) were independently associated with delivery within 2 weeks in early‐onset FGR. Among cases of early‐onset FGR, concentrations of almost all maternal serum cytokines were similar. Maternal serum sVEGFR‐1 concentrations were high when delivery occurred within 2 weeks. Maternal serum sCD40L concentrations were elicited only in cases in which delivery within 2 weeks occurred due to fetal deterioration.ConclusionWe identified two biomarkers, one specific for FGR and the other dependent on severity, that were significant components of angiogenic activities and inflammation factors. Imbalances in serum protein expression may have a substantial effect on the pathogenesis of FGR.
Correlation analysis of solvent effects on solvolysis rates: What can the empirical parameters of solvents actually say?
Authors: Laurence Christian , Mansour Sergui , Vuluga Daniela , Legros Julien 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe logarithm of heterolysis rates of 4‐methoxyneophyl tosylate, Et3CBr,tert‐BuCl, andtert‐BuBr in a set of 12 to 28 hydrogen‐bond (HB) and non‐HB donor solvents are correlated to four sets of solvent parameters: (a)ET(30), (b)π*,α,β, (c)SP,SdP,SA,SB, and (d)DI,ES,α1,β1. Disjointed results are found for Et3CBr because of an insufficient diversity of solvents. For the other solvolyses, the determination coefficientsr2are good to excellent, the gas‐phase values are fairly predicted, and the contributions of various intermolecular forces to the global solvent effect agree satisfactorily within the four solvent sets. However, the most complete description of the solvent effect is given by the four‐parameter sets because their parameters refer to a single intermolecular force, whereasET(30) andπ*correspond to a fixed blend of solute/solvent interactions. For the application of theDI,ES,α1, andβ1set to correlatetert‐BuCl solvolysis,r2= .976, lgk(gas) = −18.6 (experimental −19.3), and the contributions of HB donation (α1), electrostatic forces (ES), and dispersion‐induction (DI) to the solvent effect amounts to 59%, 21%, and 14%, respectively. The dependence of rates on the solvent HB basicity is nearly zero. The inclusion of the solvent cohesive energy density parameterinto the correlation equations does not improve these correlations.
Effect of pressure rise time on ventilator parameters and gas exchange during neonatal ventilation
Authors: Chong David , Kayser Sabrina , Szakmar Eniko , Morley Colin J. , Belteki Gusztav 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundPressure rise time (PRT), also known as slope time to the peak inflating pressure can be set on some modern neonatal ventilators. On other ventilators, PRT is determined by the set circuit flow. Changing slope time can affect mean airway pressure (MAP), oxygenation, and carbon dioxide elimination. Our aim was to investigate the effect of PRT on ventilator parameters and gas exchange during volume‐guaranteed ventilation.MethodsIn a crossover study, 12 infants weighing greater than 2 kg were ventilated using a Dräger Babylog VN500 ventilator with synchronized intermittent positive pressure ventilation with volume guarantee (SIPPV‐VG) and pressure support ventilation with volume guarantee (PSV‐VG). During both modes PRTs between 0.08 and 0.40 seconds were used in 15‐minute epochs. Data from the ventilator and patient monitors were downloaded with 1‐ and 100‐Hz sampling rate and analyzed using the Python computer language.ResultsDuring PSV‐VG, longer PRTs were associated with longer inspiratory time (P < .0001) and with lower peak inflating pressure (PIP; P = .003), but the MAP was similar. During SIPPV‐VG the PIP was not significantly different; however, MAP was lower with longer PRT (P = .001). With a short PRT (0.08 seconds), the PIP was higher during PSV‐VG than during SIPPV‐VG (19.8 vs 16.5 mbar; P = .042). There were no significant differences in tidal volume delivery, respiratory rate, minute volume, oxygen saturations, or end‐tidal CO2 with different PRTs in either mode.ConclusionsDuring SIPPV‐VG or PSV‐VG, using short or long PRTs affects some ventilation parameters but does not significantly change oxygenation or carbon dioxide elimination.
Science capital or STEM capital? Exploring relationships between science capital and technology, engineering, and maths aspirations and attitudes among young people aged 17/18
Authors: Moote Julie , Archer Louise , DeWitt Jennifer , MacLeod Emily 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe previously proposed that science capital (science‐related forms of cultural and social capital) can be used as a theoretical lens for explaining the patterned nature of aspirations and educational participation among young people aged 11–16. Building on these findings, the present article investigates whether science capital is related to post‐18 aspirations to pursue further STEM study and whether science capital can be extended to related disciplines including engineering, maths and technology. Specifically, we report on correlational analyses exploring the relationships between science, technology, engineering and maths attitudes and science capital. Drawing on data from a new survey of 7,013 17/18 year old English secondary school students, analyses showed that science capital, while strongly related to engineering and physical science future study aspirations, was not strongly related to the pursuit of either maths or technology postsecondary study. The findings also suggest that engineering and maths attitudes have a stronger relationship to science capital than attitudes relating to technology. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings and propose that science capital might be more usefully applied to “SEM,” with links to technology fields and aspirations needing further exploration.