bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of four approaches to river landscape delineation: The case of small watercourses in the Czech Republic
Authors: Jakubínský Jiří , Herber Vladimír , Cudlín Pavel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
River landscapes represent key areas of great importance to human society as they perform many functions and provide valuable services. Traditionally, these areas have been perceived as geomorphological phenomena characterised by specific soil conditions, hydrological regimes and unique habitats. Due to the availability of detailed data, it is possible to perform a spatial delineation of river landscapes by interpreting these data using several different approaches. The results of these different approaches can vary considerably, since it is particularly challenging to define the river landscape along small watercourses for which the availability of suitable data is limited. The main aim of this study is to analyse the various methodological approaches that may be used to define the river landscapes of small streams, and to evaluate the efficiency of those approaches that can be applied in nature and landscape conservation. Two medium-sized catchments in the Czech Republic were selected as the study areas in order to ensure different natural conditions and degrees of anthropogenic pressure. As a result, an approach based on combining soil characteristics and topographic information is considered the most appropriate solution to delineate the river ecosystem.
Exploring citizen science in post-socialist space: Uncovering its hidden character in the Czech Republic
Authors: Duží Barbora , Osman Robert , Lehejček Jiří , Nováková Eva , Taraba Pavel , Trojan Jakub 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Citizen science is a relatively new phenomenon in the Czech Republic and currently a general overview of existing citizen science projects is not available. This presents the challenge to uncover the ‘hidden’ citizen science landscapes. The main objective of this paper is to explore the (public) representation of citizen science (CS) projects and to describe their heterogeneity. The study aims to answer the question of what type of projects in the Czech Republic meet the definition of citizen science. Based on a specific methodological data-base search approach, we compiled a set of CS projects (N = 73). During the classification process, two general citizen science categories were identified. The first group (N = 46) consists of “pure” CS projects with a prevalence towards the natural sciences, principally ornithology, and thus corresponding to general European trends. Citizens usually participate in such research in the form of data collection and basic interpretation, and a high level of cooperation between academia and NGOs was detected. The second group of “potential” CS projects (N = 27) entails various forms of public participation in general, frequently coordinated by NGOs. Based on these results, we discuss the position of citizen science in the Czech Republic, including socially-oriented citizen science. Further research is strongly encouraged to achieve a more in-depth insight into this social phenomenon.
The Specifics of Use of Composite Materials in Consolidation of Historical Monuments
Authors: Daniel Vlăescu , Krkljus Djordje , Petrișor Dogaru 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The use of composite systems in protecting, preserving and maintaining historical monuments has become more and more used. There are several consolidation procedures with fiber-reinforced polymeric polymers that can be applied as required or on the basis of the basic material (concrete, masonry, wood, etc.). Besides the many advantages it provides, the application of composite systems in the rehabilitation of heritage buildings and historical monuments requires minimal workmanship. More and more cities are actively involved in the rehabilitation and preservation of heritage buildings and historical monuments by launching good practice guides to preserve local cultural heritage by applying composite elements as robust as possible without the need to modify the overall dimensions of the buildings through a classic covering.
Dynamics of the External Environment (Market) and Strategic Behavior of the Construction Firm
Authors: Marichova Aneta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The dynamic changes in the external (and often inside) environment place every firm in front of serious new and unknown challenges and make it more difficult to adapt to them. Under these conditions known traditional short-term models of corporate behavior have an increasingly limited role and a chance for success. The main problem and goal of the company should be a clearly defined long-term strategy that allows building competitive advantages and performance. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of a dynamic external environment (market) on strategic behavior by developing a conceptual model: “Dynamics of the external environment (market) - Strategic behavior - Competitive advantages” to be applied and tested in the activity of the construction firm.
The Topic of Penetration of Fire into Iron in Byzantine Christology
Authors: Biriukov Dmitry 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this article I seek to show in what manner the Stoic principle of total blending, illustrated by the example of the penetration of fire into iron, finds its refraction in Byzantine Christological teachings. According to the Stoics, total blending occurs when one body accepts certain qualities of the other, while remaining itself, or when both mixed bodies acquire qualities of each other while preserving their natures. I argue that Origen’s use of the example of incandescent iron had an effect on the later theological discourse. There it appears in two contexts, Christology and deification. In this article the focus is on Christology. I claim that the example was introduced into the Christological discourse by Apollinarius of Laodicea. Then, I investigate how it was transformed in later theological writings by (Ps.-) Basil of Caesarea, Theodoret of Cyrus, Cyril of Alexandria, Sever of Antioch, John of Damascus, and the Corpus Leontianum. In this context, I pay special attention to the discrepancy between John of Damascus and Leontius of Jerusalem as regards the issue of the complexity of Christ’s hypostasis. I clarify the causes of this discrepancy.
Dogmatic Questions and Practical Issues in the Unnoficial Bilateral Theological Dialogue between the Eastern Orthodox Churches and the Oriental Orthodox Churches
Authors: Florescu Marius 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the following study we will try to identify some dogmatic aspects and practical issues which have resulted from the dialogue between the Eastern Orthodox Churches and the Oriental Orthodox Churches, that occurred between the 1960’s and the 1980’s, just in the beginning of the theological dialogue, in the so-called unofficial dialogue. We will mainly underline the non-theological factors that shaped the bilateral relations between these Christians over the centuries and when the dialogue was initiated.
Photovoltaic Solar Energy: Is It Applicable in Brazil? – A Review Applied to Brazilian Case
Authors: Moreno Wilmer Emilio García , Duarte Andressa Ullmann , dos Santos Litiéle , Lourega Rogério Vescia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The photovoltaic technologies have been developed year by year in different countries; however, there are some countries where this kind of energy is being born, such as the Brazilian case. In this paper, some important parameters are analysed and applied to different solar cell materials, identifying that if the fossil fuels were substituted by solar cells, it would reduce the CO2 emissions by 93.2%. In addition, it is shown that the efficiency of solar cells is not as farther as it could be thought from coal thermoelectrical plants in Brazil and the cost of energy using solar cells could be as good as these thermoelectrical plants. Finally, the potentiality of Brazilian territory to implant this technology is presented, identifying that with the use of 0.2% of the territory, the energy demand could be supplied.
Readability of Operational Risk Disclosures of Banks
Authors: Mihaela Mocanu , Christos Grose , Theodoros Kargidis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Operational risk has been acknowledged as a major source of material failures in financial firms. Despite the increased concern of financial institutions and their stakeholders on this topic, the literature that deals specifically with the operational risk disclosure in the banking system is scarce. The present research investigates the readability in transparency reports of Romanian banks, and focuses in particular on the operational risk disclosures. The sample consists of 13 commercial banks operating in Romania in 2017. A concise transparency report is characterized by clarity in the expression of concepts, usage of as few words as possible, limited use of technical terms and avoidance of highly generic disclosures. Drawing upon prior research, we expect that banks with lower levels of performance are foggier (i.e. less concise) in order to improve the image resulting from their transparency reports. Additionally, it is expected that the longer an entity has been established, the higher the quality of disclosures, thus the transparency reports of older banks are more concise compared to the recently established banks. Moreover, we posit that larger banks are more likely to provide more readable reports. The research is part of the larger debate related to disclosure and its various impacts on both the recipient and the giver of information. The main contribution is the innovative approach consisting in the textual analysis of transparency risk reports. To the best of our knowledge, we are not aware of any study that examined conciseness in the setting of operational risk disclosure by banks.
Macroeconomic Implications of US Sanctions on Iran: A Sectoral Financial Balances Analysis
Authors: Sashi Sivramkrishna , Bhavish Sharma 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Iran is facing a severe macroeconomics crisis after the US (re)imposed sanctions on its oil and gas exports in May 2018, followed by additional sanctions on metal exports in 2019. Its exports have collapsed triggering a contraction of the economy along with accelerating inflation and depreciating currency. Using the sectoral financial balances (SFB) model, we study the interrelationship between several macroeconomic parameters maintaining stock-flow consistency across time and sectors of the economy. Fiscal and monetary policy cannot reverse the consequences of the sanctions although fiscal deficits as a percentage of GDP will see a rise to accommodate the domestic private sector’s desire to accumulate financial asset accumulation. The lack of a strong monetary policy mechanism in Iran may, however, be unable to quell the impact of expansionary fiscal policy on inflation and depreciating rial. Given the limited macroeconomic policy options open to Iran in dealing with the crisis Iran, the only option may be political – a return to the negotiating table with the US.
Picking Buy-Sell Signals: A Practitioner’s Perspective on Key Technical Indicators for Selected Indian Firms
Authors: Shalini Talwar , Pranav Shah , Utkarsh Shah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to undertake technical analysis of selected companies included in the S&P CNX Nifty 50, a leading stock market index in India. We have used the stock price data of twenty leading listed firms in India for a period from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2017. We have applied Guppy Multiple Moving Average (GMMA), Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD), Stochastic Relative Strength Index (Stoch RSI) and Average Directional Index (ADX) to Heikin Ashi charts to back test and provide entry and exit points for the players in the stock market. Analysis of the price information has revealed that the GMMA and ADX are effective indicators for most of the stocks under the study but they give late signals as compared to RSI and MACD. Further, the study has shown that though RSI and MACD give early signals, yet they are risky as the number of false signals generated by them is also found out to be quite high. The study is important as the findings can be used by investors, option traders and portfolio managers to get generate profitable trading signals and obtain good risk to reward ratios.
Labour Market and Self-Employment: The Israeli Case
Authors: Snunu Iyad 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the labour market from the perspective of self-employment. It investigates the phenomenon of this form of employment from several aspects: on the one hand, it examines the factors influencing the choice of Israelis to be self-employed among Arabs and Jews in Israel, and, on the other hand, it examines the extent to which human capital and family background characteristics determine the employment choice. The main aim of the paper is to characterize the phenomenon of self-employment in the labour market. By using 2008 data Israel Census, hypotheses concerning the effect of demographical variables on self-employment are formulated and tested, using logistic regression. The results support the research hypotheses, and the most notable predictors of self-employment are discussed. Thus, we conclude that family background, gender, age, number of children and an interaction between nationality and occupation are the most significant predictors of self-employment. Many factors affect the self-employment status of citizens of Israel, with the single strongest predictor being gender – males in Israel are more likely to be self-employed. Also, more urbanized areas such as Tel-Aviv and the Centre, have higher self-employment rate than less populated areas such as the South.
Gobio Genus Species Integrated Management System – Târnava Rivers Study Case (Transylvania, Romania)
Authors: Curtean-Bănăduc Angela , Cismaş Cristina-Ioana , Bănăduc Doru 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The lotic habitats quality indicative congeners species Gobio gobio, Gobio kessleri and Gobio albipinnatus populations’ dynamic in time (2004-2019) and space revealed a decreasing trend in these rivers ecological status. The ADONIS:CE tool has been used to build a backing management system model, based on these indicative fish species habitat needs, indicators for favourable conservation status, pressures and threats. This management system implementation in the field will favour the amelioration of lotic habitats and the ecological status recovering of two of the local fish species of conservative interest (G. kessleri and G. albipinnatus).
Pemanfaatan Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Sebagai Alternatif Penanganan Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: Sunarsi Suly 
Published: January 2020

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) merupakan penyakit akut yang mengancam jiwa yang dimediasi oleh racun, biasanya dipicu oleh infeksi Staphylococcus aureus atau grup A Streptococcus (GAS), diantaranya Streptococcus pyogenes. Pemanfaatan buah belimbing wuluh masih terbatas dibandingkan dengan ketersediannya di kalangan masyarakat, sehingga penelitian ini bermaksud untuk memanfaatkan belimbing wuluh yang diformulasi dalam bentuk Infused Water dengan pemanis alami Stevia rebaudiana yang digunakan sebagai alternatif penanganan Toxic Shock Syndrome dengan penghambatan pada bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes. Sari buah belimbing wuluh dan liofilisatnya diujikan terhadap Streptococcus pyogenes secara In Vitro dengan beberapa variasi konsentrasi untuk melihat aktivitas antibakterinya. Infused water buah belimbing wuluh dibuat dengan metode perendaman selama 12 jam dan 24 jam dengan kombinasi 500 mg daun stevia dalam 250 mL air matang dan dievaluasi menggunakan uji organoleptik, uji ALT dan uji MPN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan uji aktivitas antibakteri sari buah belimbing wuluh terdapat zona hambat dengan diameter 7,09±0,2 (1%), 7,41±0,1 (3%), 8,33±0,3 (5%), dan 8,38±0,2 (10%). Sedangkan liofilisat sari buah belimbing wuluh menunjukkan zona hambat dengan diameter 7,11±0,4 (1%), 7,34±0,3 (3%), 7,05±0,8 (5%), dan 7,44±0,9 (10%).
Hubungan Motivasi, Kegiatan dan Karakter Tempat Wisata Pada Pusaka Saujana Imogiri Yogyakarta
Authors: Rani Fitria Puspita , Kusuma Hanson E. , Tampubolon Angela C. 
Published: January 2020

Imogiri is a cultural landscape located in Yogyakarta province that possesses both natural and cultural potency. This study aims the motivation of tourist to visit Imogiri, the activities carried out, the characteristics of places visited, and the correlation of those three factors. The study applies quantitative research methods that are exploratory and explanatory. Data collection was done through an online questionnaire and distributed to several groups (nonprobability-convenience sampling). The collected data were then analyzed quantitatively using principal component analysis, factor analysis, and multivariate correlation analysis. The analysis result found that tourist motivation to visit Imogiri consists of four categories: novelty, restoration, social and actualization. Activities carried out in Imogiri are described in six categories: active recreation, cultural recreation, passive recreation, social recreation, educational recreation, and dating. Correlation between the three variables leads to two travel categories, they are nature recreation tourism and culture recreation tourism. In nature recreation tourism, people are motivated to look for novelty and tend to do recreational activities in natural environment. While the second type, culture recreation tourism, tourist travel by the social motivation and choose to do cultural activities in places with cultural characteristic.
Keywords: Tourism, Cultural landscape, Imogiri, Motivation, Activity, Place characteristic
THE EFFECT OF OUTREACH PROGRAMS ON INCREASING FEMALE ENROLLMENT IN ENGINEERING
Authors: Allen Bonneau Alyson A. , He Shihong , Singh Tanishq , Hagomer Ulla , Variawa Chirag 
Published: January 2020

The percentage of female undergraduate applicants and first-year student in engineering is increasing in the Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering (FASE) at the University of Toronto (UofT). Outreach programs are used to encourage high school students by gaining exposure and knowledge regarding the field of engineering. The effectiveness of these outreach programs in mitigating academic and social barriers is a key point of interest examined in the paper, specifically those catered directly to female students.
This research analyzes the growing number of community outreach programs offered at the University of Toronto. We examined the effect of three outreach initiatives: the DaVinci Engineering Enrichment Program (DEEP), the Girls Leadership in Engineering Experience (GLEE), and the Young Women in Engineering Symposium (YWIES). Using statistical data from the FASE outreach office and participation feedback from the events, we compared the enrollment statistics, the percentage of students who chose engineering, and what students found most useful in events. Observations prove that although the events encourage the same number of female students entering engineering, however, suggest that eliminating social barriers and stereotypes influence the increasing number of female-enrollment.
DEVELOPMENT AND INTEGRATION OF TECHNICAL WRITING SKILLS ORIENTED TOWARD ENGINEERS’ NEEDS
Authors: Desjardins Anouk , Doré Evelyne , Desjardins Raymond 
Published: January 2020

Written communication is among the skills future engineers must develop and master in order to excel in their profession. Employers and the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board also require this skill. Students in all Polytechnique Montréal programs have one course credit in their program devoted to written and oral communication. The training is provided by Polytechnique’s Centre d’études complémentaires (centre for complementary studies) for all programs.
Despite the implementation of this process, we noted that civil engineering students had difficulty employing good technical writing practices in their work, such as capstone projects, lab reports and hands-on assignments. The students saw written communication workshops as satellite training and employed their learning only to a small degree in their other courses. The students were essentially stagnating instead of making progress throughout the bachelor’s degree.
In response to these issues, a common approach was put into place for the entire civil engineering program as a complement to the trainings provided by the Centre d’études complémentaires. This approach has been a success; student response has been positive and improvement has been observed in the courses where writing is required. The students especially appreciate this when they perform their mandatory internship, because they feel this training makes a difference and helps them distinguish themselves.
A FIRST THROW OF THE STONE: A PILOT OF REDESIGNED CO-OP WORK TERM REQUIREMENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA
Authors: Gwyn Margaret , Frey Joel B. , Spalteholz Leo 
Published: January 2020

This paper describes the progress made over the past year on UVic’s project to redesign their co-op work term requirements. The new requirements are intended to increase the amount of instruction and assessment of higher-level Graduate Attributes in the program, to improve student engagement with and performance on work term requirement, and to replace a final year technical writing course that does not seem to be achieving its intended outcomes.
A pilot of the one component of this project will run from May – August 2019. In this paper we will describe the material that has been developed for the pilot. We will also discuss the process by which the material was developed and the details of organizing the pilot.
Ieskats delikta tiesībās
Authors: Dana Segale 
Published: January 2020

Rakstā tiek aplūkotas delikta tiesības, parādot paša jēdziena vēsturisko un mūsdienu piepildījumu, kā arī dodot plašāku ieskatu šajā jautājumā, proti, analizējot problēmas, kas saistītas ar aizsardzību pret nepamatotu personas tiesību aizskārumu, un sniedzot to risinājumus. Pētījumā ir analizēts tiesību aizskāruma un atlīdzinājuma vērtējums, stingri ievērojot šādu aspektu: atlīdzinājums pēc savas būtības nevar tikt uzskatīts par iespēju piepelnīties, un to nedrīkst noteikt, vērtēšanā izmantojot kādu matemātisku formulu. Šeit arī apskatīta mūsdienās pastāvošā problēma (vai drīzāk vēlēšanās, kura ir pāraugusi problēmā) visu noteikt naudas izteiksmē.

The aim of the article is to provide an insight into the Tort Law, which will reveal historical and contemporary fulfillment of the notion itself, as well as to present an insight into a broader issue of the problem of protection of unjustified infringement of the rights of a person and their solutions.