bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation Typologies: A Descriptive Study in Graduated Organizations of Technology-Based Incubators
Authors: Vepo do Nascimento Welter Clarice , Sausen Jorge Oneide , Cappellari Gabriela 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The main objective of this research was to classify the innovations developed in organizations from technology-based incubators, describing the evidence of their existence, based on the model of Wang and Hamed (2007).Method: Applied research, with a qualitative approach, exploratory and descriptive, carried out through multiple case studies, considering a sample of 21 companies located in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected through structured interviews with the entrepreneurs of these Small business. These data were analyzed by the technique of content analysis. Originality / Relevance: Original in relation to the model of innovation typologies used, because it is a model that has no empirical validation in the studied companies segment, confirming the originality of the research in relation to the segment. Understanding the process of developing innovative capacity is relevant, since the development of innovations constitutes a powerful source of competitive advantage for organizations inserted in dynamic contexts. Results: The main results allowed to identify that the organizations investigated present all the typologies presented in the model of Wang and Ahmed (2004), however, the market and strategic innovation appear to a lesser extent in relation to product, process and behavioral innovation.Theoretical / methodological contributions: It contributes to the theoretical debate by bringing dynamic capabilities under the focus of innovative capability. It also contributes to the exposition of how the companies that have graduated from IBT s develop their innovative capacity, classifying the innovations developed and pointing out the evidences of the existence of innovation typologies.
Popular Cooperatives Incubators and the University Extension: The Case Incoop-UFSCar
Authors: Matsuda Patricia Mari , MacLennan Maria Laura Ferranty 
Published: May 2020

Objective: This research analyse the link between popular cooperatives incubators and the University through the extension activity. Methodology / Approach: The methodology applied is a case study at INCOOP-UFSCar in order to evaluate how the Cooperative contributes to the development of the actors in the University. Originality / Relevance: Activities with prospective co-workers generate joint socio-economic benefits for co-workers and academics, but the benefits to the University have scarcer assessments. Main results: The Incubator, as an extension project, can be considered a mean of operationalizing the role of the University vis-a-vis the community in which it is inserted, meeting local demands and also serving as locus in the academy development. Theoretical / methodological contributions: In this study, it is observed that the Incubadora Regional de Cooperativas Populares (INCOOP) positively impacts not only cooperators but also contributes to the development of extension activities of Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar) students and administrative technicians.
Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Adults with Multiple Sclerosis and Their Family Caregivers
Authors: Halstead Elizabeth J. , Stanley Justin , Fiore Damian , Mueser Kim T. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact that cognitive symptoms have on daily life, and the effect this has on persons with MS and their relationships with spouses/partners, remains unclear. This qualitative study sought information on the nature of cognitive impairments experienced and the impact of cognitive impairments on the daily lives of adults with MS and their partners to gain further insights into how health care professionals can best support families.

Methods:
Fifteen persons with MS and their spouses/partners participated in separate semistructured telephone interviews.

Results:
Six themes and several subthemes were identified: the social impact of cognitive impairments in MS, changes to daily living, relationship quality, communication, ways of coping with MS, and the desire for help in managing MS.

Conclusions:
These results identified types of support that couples needed and wanted; ways that MS affects couples’ social lives; that there are difficulties negotiating changes in roles due to cognitive challenges; that there are difficulties coping with the impact of cognitive challenges on daily living; that couples often have difficulty communicating about the impact of cognitive changes on daily living and related issues, which also contributes to relationship strain; and finally, that most participants felt that they did not understand enough about the cognitive symptoms of MS. We outline key areas to address these identified needs.
Mitochondrial DNA variation in the Italian Heavy Draught Horse
Authors: Lancioni Hovirag , Cardinali Irene , Giontella Andrea , Antognoni Maria Teresa , Miglio Arianna 
Published: May 2020

Background
In the last decades, Italy as well as other developed countries have registered a decrease in the population size of many local horse breeds. The continuous crossbreeding has determined the dilution of genetic heritage of several native breeds. The Italian Heavy Draught Horse (IHD) is the only autochthonous Italian coldblooded horse among these breeds; therefore, it represents a resource to be preserved. In 1927, the first generation of this breed was officially created by crossing different Heavy Draught horses with local mares and recorded in a Studbook.

Methodology
To provide the first comprehensive overview of the genetic diversity of Italian Heavy Draught horses from Central Italy, we produced and phylogenetically analysed 52 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region sequences. Furthermore, we evaluated data available from GenBank (N = 568) to have a more complete scenario and to understand the relationships with other European Heavy Draught horse breeds.

Results
Among the IHD samples that were analysed, we identified ten of the 17 haplogroups described in modern horses. Most of these sequences fell into L, G, and M lineages, thus showing the overall mtDNA legacy of the ancestral mares that were probably used at the initial stages of breeding selections a long time ago. The high mitochondrial haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.969) found in our samples reflected the multiple maternal origins of the horses. Our results highlighted a considerable percentage of haplotypes shared especially with Bardigiano and Hungarian Heavy Draught breeds. Furthermore, both the presence of four unique haplotypes detected in our samples and their absence among all equine mitochondrial published data demonstrate a mitochondrial peculiarity that needs to be further investigated and preserved with careful breeding practices.
Application of High Resolution Melt analysis (HRM) for screening haplotype variation in a non-model plant genus: Cyclopia (Honeybush)
Authors: Galuszynski Nicholas C. , Potts Alastair J. 
Published: May 2020

AimThis study has three broad aims: to (a) develop genus-specific primers for High Resolution Melt analysis (HRM) of members of Cyclopia Vent., (b) test the haplotype discrimination of HRM compared to Sanger sequencing, and (c) provide an example of using HRM to detect novel haplotype variation in wildC. subternataVogel. populations.LocationThe Cape Floristic Region (CFR), located along the southern Cape of South Africa.MethodsPolymorphic loci were detected through a screening process of sequencing 12 non-coding chloroplast DNA segments across 14 Cyclopia species. Twelve genus-specific primer combinations were designed around variable cpDNA loci, four of which failed to amplify under PCR; the eight remaining were applied to test the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of HRM. The three top performing HRM Primer combinations were then applied to detect novel haplotypes in wildC. subternatapopulations, and phylogeographic patterns ofC. subternatawere explored.ResultsWe present a framework for applying HRM to non-model systems. HRM accuracy varied across the PCR products screened using the genus-specific primers developed, ranging between 56 and 100%. The nucleotide variation failing to produce distinct melt curves is discussed. The top three performing regions, having 100% specificity (i.e. different haplotypes were never grouped into the same cluster, no false negatives), were able to detect novel haplotypes in wildC. subternatapopulations with high accuracy (96%). Sensitivity below 100% (i.e. a single haplotype being clustered into multiple unique groups during HRM curve analysis, false positives) was resolved through sequence confirmation of each cluster resulting in a final accuracy of 100%. Phylogeographic analyses revealed that wildC. subternatapopulations tend to exhibit phylogeographic structuring across mountain ranges (accounting for 73.8% of genetic variation base on an AMOVA), and genetic differentiation between populations increases with distance (p < 0.05 for IBD analyses).ConclusionsAfter screening for regions with high HRM clustering specificity—akin to the screening process associated with most PCR based markers—the technology was found to be a high throughput tool for detecting genetic variation in non-model plants.
Astrocyte survival in the absence of exogenous substrate: Comparison of immature and mature cells
Authors: Hertz L. , Yager J.Y. , Juurlink B.H.J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAstrocyte cultures prepared from newborn mouse neopallium were grown for either one or three weeks (representing, respectively, immature and mature astrocytes) and then exposed to deprivation of substrate (glucose and amino acids) for up to 48 hr. Cultures which had been deprived of metabolic substrates for either 24, 30, 36 or 48 hr were examined for lactate dehydrogenase efflux into the medium (an indicator of cell death) and ATP content. Significant cell death in mature astrocytes began after 30 hr of incubation in the substrate‐deprived medium, a time when ATP had fallen to ∼10% of its initial value. Immature astrocytes survived on a substrate‐free medium for 48 hr before there was any indication at all of cell death, and this corresponded to a time when ATP values had fallen to 5% of the initial values. These findings are compared to previous observations during simulated ischemia (substrate deprivation plus anoxia) when (1) there was a faster cell death and (2) cell death occurred at higher ATP levels.
Steroid induced rare bipolar mood disorder
Authors: Mazumdar PK , Najib MA , Varma SL 
Published: July 2002

SummaryA patient with multiple psychosomatic disorder developed a steroid induced rare bipolar mood disorder (both mania and depression). The “unmasking effect” of steroids and a positive family history of psychiatric disorder as a possible risk factor, hitherto undocumented, is suggested in steroid induced psychosis.
Verapamil treatment in clozapine-induced sleep-related enuresis: a case report
Authors: Pojurovsky M , Schneidman M , Mark M , Weizman A 
Published: July 2002

SummaryEnuresis is an embarrassing rare side effect of clozapine treatment. Using single-blind placebo-control design, the antienuretic activity of the calcium channel blocker verapamil (up to 80 mg/day per os, at 21.00 hours) was evaluated in a schizophrenic patient with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who developed nocturnal functional enuresis during clozapine treatment. Verapamil (80 mg/day) displayed antienuretic activity. No correlation between the bradycardiac effect and the antienuretic activity of verapamil was detected.
Current practice of family planning in China
Authors: Xiao B.L. , Zhao B.G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCurrent practice of family planning in China is based on the population policy and strategy of the country. Comprehensive contraceptive methods are provided in family planning clinics at all levels. Among the methods used, intrauterine devices and tubal sterilization are most popular. Vasectomy is popular in some provinces. Oral pills, injectables and subdermal implants occupy a small proportion. Incidence of abortion is high due to failure of methods and unprotected intercourse. Attention is paid to the adoption of emergency contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Improvement in quality of care is the key to a successful family planning program. Basic research is essential for development of new contraceptive technology.
Antenatal ultrasonography for breech delivery
Authors: Seffah J.D. , Armah J.O. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: We studied the role of sonography in the management of 370 breech presentations ≥34 weeks maturity. Method: 185 cases had sonographic confirmation of breech presentation prior to the delivery at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. A control group of 185 cases did not have prior scanning. Results: Significantly more elective cesarean sections were done in the study group, while the control group had more emergency sections (P=0.008), and had more traumatic delivery. Birth asphyxia and perinatal mortality were significantly more common in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Sonography done before delivery improved neonatal outcome in breech presentation ≥34 weeks maturity.
Nurse‐led heart failure clinics in Sweden
Authors: Strömberg Anna , Mårtensson Jan , Fridlund Bengt , Dahlström Ulf 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to describe the nurse‐led heart failure care in Sweden.Methods:A postal questionnaire was sent to all 86 hospitals in Sweden treating heart failure patients. All hospitals completed the questionnaire, which contained 20 questions about heart failure nurses, patient education, heart failure clinics, co‐operation with primary healthcare and care programmes.Results:Sixty‐nine percent of all hospitals (n = 86) had nurses specialised in taking care of heart failure patients, in total 148 heart failure nurses. The nurses were involved in patient education and follow‐up. There were nurse‐led heart failure clinics in 66% of the hospitals. The clinics provided follow‐up after hospitalisation, telephone counselling and drug titration. The majority of the heart failure nurses had been delegated the responsibility for making protocol‐led changes in medications. Most clinics registered the number of annual visits to the clinic, and the largest clinic had up to 1000 visits. Approximately half of the hospitals had a special care plan for patients with heart failure and an organised co‐operation with primary healthcare.Conclusion:The first nurse‐led heart failure clinic started in Sweden in 1990 and since then the model has been spread to two‐thirds of the Swedish hospitals.
Ex‐Solved Ag Nanocatalysts on a Sr‐Free Parent Scaffold Authorize a Highly Efficient Route of Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Kim Jun Hyuk , Kim Jun Kyu , Seo Han Gil , Lim Dae‐Kwang , Jeong Seung Jin , Seo Jongsu , Kim Jinwook , Jung WooChul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe electrocatalytic value of nanoparticles has attracted substantial attention in relation to energy conversion devices, including solid oxide fuel cells. Among various forms of analogs, ex‐solved metal nanoparticles originating from their parent oxides display strong particle‐substrate interactions and thus have the benefits of extended durability and of course enhanced catalytic activity. Inspired by recent advances, here, novel air‐electrode materials based on BaCoO3–δ perovskites decorated with socketed Ag nanoparticles are presented. Doping with niobium (Nb5+) and tantalum (Ta5+) can significantly promote the stability of the cubic perovskite phase. The developed oxides exhibit promising performance outcomes in the highly prized low‐to‐intermediate temperature regimes (450–650 °C). Moreover, the exclusion of Ag particles further activates the parent scaffold, thereby conveying record‐level area‐specific resistance (e.g., ≈0.02 Ω cm2 at 650 °C). Coupled with the unique nanoarchitecture, the newly designed cathode showcases in this study hold great promise for future air‐electrodes in fuel cells.
Contributions of Different Functional Groups to Contact Electrification of Polymers
Authors: Li Shuyao , Nie Jinhui , Shi Yuxiang , Tao Xinglin , Wang Fan , Tian Jingwen , Lin Shiquan , Chen Xiangyu , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPolymers are commonly used to fabricate triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Here, several polymer films with similar main chains but different functional groups on the side chain are employed to clarify the contributions of each functional group to contact electrification (CE). The results show that the electron‐withdrawing (EW) ability and density of these functional groups on the main chain can determine both the polarity and density of CE‐induced surface charges. Similar results are obtained for CE in both the polymer–polymer and polymer–liquid modes. A theoretical mechanism involving electron cloud overlap is proposed to explain all of these results. More importantly, the unsaturated groups on poly(tetrafluoroethylene) molecular chain are proved to have a much stronger EW ability than the saturated groups. The density of these unsaturated groups can be increased using a sputtering technique, suggesting that this is a facile and effective method of enhancing the performance of TENGs. These results clarify the correlation between the molecular structure and macroscopic electrification behavior of polymers.
Weighted Mobility
Authors: Snyder G. Jeffrey , Snyder Alemayouh H. , Wood Maxwell , Gurunathan Ramya , Snyder Berhanu H. , Niu Changning 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEngineering semiconductor devices requires an understanding of charge carrier mobility. Typically, mobilities are estimated using Hall effect and electrical resistivity meausrements, which are are routinely performed at room temperature and below, in materials with mobilities greater than 1 cm2 V‐1 s‐1. With the availability of combined Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity measurement systems, it is now easy to measure the weighted mobility (electron mobility weighted by the density of electronic states). A simple method to calculate the weighted mobility from Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity measurements is introduced, which gives good results at room temperature and above, and for mobilities as low as 10−3 cm2 V‐1 s‐1,
Here, μw is the weighted mobility, ρ is the electrical resistivity measured in mΩ cm, T is the absolute temperature in K, S is the Seebeck coefficient, and kB/e = 86.3 µV K–1. Weighted mobility analysis can elucidate the electronic structure and scattering mechanisms in materials and is particularly helpful in understanding and optimizing thermoelectric systems.
Effect of Interlayer Interactions on the Dynamic Self‐Stiffening Behaviors of Graphene Oxide‐Based Films
Authors: Suo Xidong , Yu Yuxiu , Cao Zhuo , Liu Yaodong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe responsive behaviors of graphene oxide (GO)‐based films under external straining make it possible to develop man‐made adaptive materials. Some researches have suggested that GO nanosheet alignment plays important roles in dynamic stiffening behaviors; however, the effects of inter‐sheet interactions have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the GO interlayer interactions are tuned by third components, including hydrophilic nanofumed silica (SiO2) nanoparticles, chemically modified SiO2 nanoparticles, and waterborne polyurethane particles, and their stiffening behaviors and structural changes during periodic external straining are systematically characterized. During external dynamic straining, the storage modules (E′) of GO‐based composite films increases up to 55.5% after 12 h. It is observed that the interlayer adhesion is important for the self‐stiffening behaviors of GO‐based films. The interaction types, including reversible H‐bonding and non‐reversible chemical bonding, play different roles on the structural‐responsive behaviors. During external dynamic straining, the interlayer contact between GO nanosheets is improved, and the higher interlayer adhesion leads to improved mechanical properties, instead of the improvement of GO sheet orientation. These findings are helpful to better understand the responsive behaviors of nanomaterials as well as to develop new types of man‐made adaptive materials.
Cu(I)/KOH‐Promoted Condensation between o‐Arylenediamines and Nitroarenes to Access 2‐Aryl‐2H‐Benzotriazoles
Authors: Li Hong‐Chen , Gao Wen‐Xia , Huang Xiao‐Bo , Zhou Yun‐Bing , Liu Miao‐Chang , Wu Hua‐Yue 
Published: May 2020

AbstractReported is the condensation between o‐arylenediamines and nitroarenes enabled by a cooperative action of acid and base, providing a direct entry to 2‐aryl‐2H‐benzotriazoles. The potential practicability of this methodology was demonstrated by 100 mmol‐scale reactions and the synthesis of serotonin/dopamine receptor ligand and human growth hormone.magnified image
Intracellular Delivery of Budesonide and Polydopamine Co‐Loaded in Endosomolytic Poly(butyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) Grafted Acetalated Dextran for Macrophage Phenotype Switch from M1 to M2
Authors: Wang Shiqi , Wannasarit Saowanee , Figueiredo Patrícia , Molinaro Giuseppina , Ding Yaping , Correia Alexandra , Casettari Luca , Wiwattanapatapee Ruedeekorn , Hirvonen Jouni , Liu Dongfei , Li Wei , Santos Hélder A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, a rationally designed nanocomposite (BUDPDA@MAP) composed of polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle and anti‐inflammatory drug budesonide (BUD) encapsulated in a pH‐responsive endosomolytic polymer (poly(butyl methacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid) grafted acetalated dextran, denoted by MAP), is proposed. The uniform nanocomposite is prepared using a microfluidic device. At low endosomal pH (5.5), MAP destabilizes the endosomal membranes for the cytoplasmic delivery of PDA, and releases BUD simultaneously, resulting in a greater reactive oxygen species scavenging capability than both the free drug and PDA alone. The combined therapeutic efficacy from PDA and BUD also leads to a successful macrophage phenotype switch from pro‐inflammatory M1 to anti‐inflammatory M2.
Cacaoidin, First Member of the New Lanthidin RiPP Family
Authors: Ortiz‐López Francisco Javier , Carretero‐Molina Daniel , Sánchez‐Hidalgo Marina , Martín Jesús , González Ignacio , Román‐Hurtado Fernando , de la Cruz Mercedes , García‐Fernández Sergio , Reyes Fernando , Deisinger Julia Patricia , Müller Anna , Schneider Tanja , Genilloud Olga 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) characterized by the presence of lanthionine or methyllanthionine rings and their antimicrobial activity. Cacaoidin, a novel glycosylated lantibiotic, was isolated from a Streptomyces cacaoi strain and fully characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry, chemical derivatization approaches and genome analysis. The new molecule combines outstanding structural features, such as a high number of d‐amino acids, an uncommon glycosylated tyrosine residue and an unprecedented N,N‐dimethyl lanthionine. This latter feature places cacaoidin within a new RiPP family located between lanthipeptides and linaridins, here termed lanthidins. Cacaoidin displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive pathogens including Clostridium difficile. The biosynthetic gene cluster showed low homology with those of other known lanthipeptides or linaridins, suggesting a new RiPP biosynthetic pathway.