bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating subclasses of abstract dialectical frameworks
Authors: Diller Martin , Keshavarzi Zafarghandi Atefeh , Linsbichler Thomas , Woltran Stefan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract dialectical frameworks (ADFs) are generalizations of Dung argumentation frameworks where arbitrary relationships among arguments can be formalized. This additional expressibility comes with the price of higher computational complexity, thus an understanding of potentially easier subclasses is essential. Compared to Dung argumentation frameworks, where several subclasses such as acyclic and symmetric frameworks are well understood, there has been no in-depth analysis for ADFs in such direction yet (with the notable exception of bipolar ADFs). In this work, we introduce certain subclasses of ADFs and investigate their properties. In particular, we show that for acyclic ADFs, the different semantics coincide. On the other hand, we show that the concept of symmetry is less powerful for ADFs and further restrictions are required to achieve results that are similar to the known ones for Dung’s frameworks. A particular such subclass (support-free symmetric ADFs) turns out to be closely related to argumentation frameworks with collective attacks (SETAFs); we investigate this relation in detail and obtain as a by-product that even for SETAFs symmetry is less powerful than for AFs. We also discuss the role of odd-length cycles in the subclasses we have introduced. Finally, we analyse the expressiveness of the ADF subclasses we introduce in terms of signatures.
A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory
Authors: Shaughnessy Keith A. , Hackney Kyle J. , Clark Brian C. , Kraemer William J. , Terbizan Donna J. , Bailey Ryan R. , McGrath Ryan 
Published: January 2020

Background: Measures of handgrip strength have not only emerged as a clinically viable screening tool for determining risk for morbidity, functional disability, and early mortality, but also for helping to identify cognitive deficits. However, the phenomena that links low handgrip strength with cognitive decline remains unclear. The role of the muscular and neural systems, and their adaptations to muscle strengthening activities over the life course, may provide important information for how age-related changes to muscle mass, strength, and neural capacity influence cognition. Moreover, disentangling how handgrip strength and cognitive function are associated may help to inform healthcare providers working with aging adults and guide targeted interventions aiming to preserve muscle and cognitive functioning. Objective: To 1) highlight and summarize evidence examining the associations of handgrip strength and cognitive functioning, and 2) provide directions for future research in this area. Methods: Articles from the PubMed database were searched from November 2018-May 2019. The search term algorithm, inclusion and exclusion criteria were pre-specified by investigators. Results: Several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have revealed that measures of handgrip strength were associated with cognitive declines regardless of age demographics and the presence of comorbidities. Conclusion: Handgrip strength can be used in clinical and epidemiological settings for helping to determine the onset and progression of cognitive impairment. Future research should continue to examine how handgrip strength and cognitive function are linked.
Loss of Functional Dentition is Associated with Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Han Ji Hyun , Lee Hyo-Jung , Han Ji Won , Suh Seung Wan , Lee Ju Ri , Byun Seonjeong , Kim Keun Suh , Kim Sung Yeol , Lee Jung-Tae , Yoo Eunha , Chang Na-Hee , Kim Tae Hui , Kim Ki Woong 
Published: January 2020

Background: Although tooth loss is known to increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, few studies have investigated the association between functional teeth including rehabilitated lost teeth and cognitive function Objective: We investigated the associations of the numbers of functional teeth and functional occlusal units with cognitive impairment and cognitive function in late life. Methods: The current study was conducted as a part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia (KLOSCAD), a community-based elderly cohort study. We analyzed 411 participants who have agreed with the additional dental exam. Geriatric psychiatrists and neuropsychologists administered the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease Assessment Packet Clinical and Neuropsychological Assessment Battery to all participants, and dentists examined their dental status. Results: Higher number of functional teeth (OR = 0.955, 95% CI = 0.914–0.997, p = 0.037) and higher number of functional occlusal units (OR = 0.900, 95% CI = 0.813–0.996, p = 0.042) were associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment. When we analyzed these relationships separated by the location of teeth, only the numbers of functional teeth (OR = 0.566, 95% CI = 0.373–0.857, p = 0.007) and functional occlusal units (OR = 0.399, 95% CI = 0.213–0.748, p = 0.004) in the premolar area were associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Loss of functional teeth and functional occlusal units (especially in the premolar region) were associated with increased cognitive impairment.
Patients with the Subcortical Small Vessel Type of Dementia Have Disturbed Cardiometabolic Risk Profile
Authors: Axelsson Elin , Wallin Anders , Svensson Johan 
Published: January 2020

Background: Population-based studies have shown that cardiometabolic status is associated with the amount of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, little is known of cardiometabolic risk factors in the subcortical small vessel type of dementia (SSVD), in which WMHs are one of the most prominent manifestations. Objective: To determine whether the profile of cardiometabolic risk factors differed between SSVD, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mixed dementia (combined AD and SSVD), and healthy controls. Methods: This was a mono-center, cross-sectional study of SSVD ( n = 40), AD ( n = 113), mixed dementia ( n = 62), and healthy controls ( n = 94). In the statistical analyses, we adjusted for covariates using ANCOVA and binary logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was increased in SSVD and mixed dementia ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 versus controls, respectively). Diabetes was more prevalent in SSVD patients, and body mass index was lower in AD and mixed dementia, compared to the controls (all p < 0.05). Serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were reduced in the SSVD group (both p < 0.05 versus control). These differences remained after adjustment for covariates. In the SSVD group, Trail Making Test A score correlated positively with systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. Conclusion: All dementia groups had an altered cardiometabolic risk profile compared to the controls. The SSVD patients showed increased prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, and in line with previous population-based data, TC and LDL-C in serum were reduced.
Management of abdominal distension in the preterm infant with noninvasive ventilation: Comparison of cenit versus 2x1 technique for the utilization of feeding tube
Authors: Cordero González G. , Valdés Vázquez N.O. , Izaguirre Alcántara D.D. , Michel Macías C. , Carrera Muiños S. , Morales Barquet D.A. , Fernández Carrocera L.A. 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are fed by orogastric / nasogastric tube until they reach maturation and coordination of sucking, swallowing and respiration at approximately 32–34 weeks of corrected age. While being on non-invasive ventilation (NIV), they frequently present abdominal distension. Currently at our institution two techniques are used for the management of abdominal distension in preterm infants fed by bolus via orogastric tube: cenit and 2 x 1.The aim of this study was to compare the proportion of preterm infants presenting NIV-associated abdominal distension with each of these techniques. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a randomized clinical trial including infants of <  36.6 weeks of gestation and <  1500 g of birth weight who were admitted to our NICU during the period of April 1, 2016 to April 1, 2018 and received NIV. The presence of abdominal distension >  2 cm was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were presence of reflux, regurgitation, oxygen saturation during feeding and days to reach full feedings. Feeding tube drainage, stool characteristics and the use of prokinetics were confounding variables. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients were included. Forty-six in the cenit group and 51 in the 2 x 1 group. There was no difference in the proportion of infants with abdominal distension >  2 cm between groups. Oxygen saturation during feeding at volume of 150 ml/kg/day was higher in the cenit group with statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The use of cenit or 2 x 1 technique in preterm infants with NIV did not improve abdominal distension or other indicators of feeding tolerance.
High penetration X-ray communication under physical shielding
Authors: Mu Junxu , Tang Xiaobin , Liu Yunpeng , Hang Shuang , Li Huan , Zhou Wei , Dang Peng , Lai Sheng 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: Modern industrial facilities urgently need effective wireless communication technology to monitor instruments and equipment, but electromagnetic interference and physical shielding often exist in these fields, thereby preventing traditional communication methods from working correctly. OBJECTIVE: As a special wireless optical communication technology, X-ray communication (XCOM) is expected to solve the problem of signal transmission under this extreme condition. Our goal was to prove the feasibility of XCOM for signal transmission under metal barrier condition. METHODS: The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the transmission characteristics of X-ray beam under metal barrier conditions, and the communication performance of XCOM was evaluated. Moreover, the experimental demonstration system of XCOM was developed to test the penetration and communication performance of XCOM under metal shield. RESULTS: X-ray with energy above 150 keV could achieve a bit error rate of less than 10–4 after passing through a 20 mm iron, whereas X-ray with energy above 250 keV could maintain excellent communication performance after passing through a 30 mm iron. The experimental test results were consistent with the theoretical calculation. CONCLUSIONS: As a new wireless optical communication technology, X-ray communication is expected to solve the problem of signal transmission under physical shielding conditions.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN PROFESIONALSIME GURU BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS EVALUASI PROGRAM MUSYAWARAH GURU MATA PELAJARAN
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi 
Published: January 2020

This R & D-based study aims to (i) create a model of professional development of English Language Teacher (PDELT model), and (ii) identify the effectiveness of the model. The development procedure is based on the theory of Borg and Gall (1983), comprises 4 steps, namely (i) preliminary study, (ii) development of prototype, (iii) field test, and (iv) dissemination of results. Subjects were teachers of English Language as PDLET program participants, students involved, and 4 high school principals located in the district of Sragen, Central Java as represented public high school (SMAN) and Private High School. Results showed that the PDLET program should not rely on teacher training activities only, but should considered the non-training aspects, such as climate and working conditions in the school, group dynamics, and teacher's perception toward the program PDLET. Those aspects can create a conducive atmosphere that acts as a catalyst to improve the effectiveness of implementation model MGMP. The combination of training and educational activities simultaneously affect the change of teacher professionalism.
Penelitian R & D-base ini bertujuan untuk (i) menciptakan model pengembangan profesional guru Bahasa Inggris (PDELT model), dan (ii) mengidentifikasi efektivitas model. Prosedur pengembangan didasarkan pada teori Borg dan Gall (1983), terdiri dari 4 langkah, yaitu (i) studi pendahuluan, (ii) pengembangan prototipe, (iii) uji lapangan, dan (iv) diseminasi hasil. Subyek penelitian adalah guru Bahasa Inggris sebagai peserta program PDLET, siswa yang terlibat, dan 4 kepala sekolah tinggi yang terletak di distrik Sragen, Jawa Tengah yang diwakili sekolah menengah umum (SMAN) dan Sekolah Tinggi Swasta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program PDLET tidak harus bergantung pada kegiatan pelatihan guru saja, tetapi harus dianggap sebagai non-pelatihan aspek, seperti iklim dan kondisi kerja di sekolah, dinamika kelompok, dan persepsi guru terhadap PDLET program. Aspek-aspek dapat menciptakan suasana kondusif yang bertindak sebagai katalis untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pelaksanaan model MGMP. Kombinasi pelatihan dan kegiatan pendidikan secara simultan mempengaruhi perubahan profesionalisme guru.
PENGARUH TUTORIAL ONLINE TERHADAP NILAI AKHIR SEMESTER (KASUS MATAKULIAH MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DI UPBJJ-UT BATAM)
Authors: Malau Albert Gamot , Herman Herman 
Published: January 2020

This article discusses the influence of initiations materials, discussion and assignments in online tutorial to the final scores of Strategic Management course at Batam UTs regional center. There were at least 23% of respondents who stated their disagreement on each statement in the instrument. However, initiation materials, discussion and assignments were significantly influenced the final score. The three independent variables were able to explain 72,8% of variance in courses final score.

Artikel ini membahas pengaruh inisiasi, diskusi dan tugas pada tutorial online terhadap nilai akhir semester pada matakuliah Manajemen Strategi di UPBJJ-UT Batam. Terdapat paling sedikit 23% responden menyatakan ketidak setujuan mereka sebagai jawaban terhadap pernyataan yang diberikan pada instrumen. Namun demikian, secara statistik, inisiasi, diskusi dan tugas mempengaruhi nilai akhir semester matakuliah secara signifikan. Ketiga variabel ini mampu menjelaskan varians pada nilai akhir semester sebesar 72,8%.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERHADAP POLA INTERAKSI DALAM TUTORIAL ONLINE MATAKULIAH FISIKA STATISTIK
Authors: Herawati Herawati 
Published: January 2020

The aims of this study are to analyze the patterns of student interaction in online tutorial and to reveal the students perception of the pattern during the tutorial online. The research method used survey method. The study was conducted at physics education department, FKIP-UT on statistical physics course in registration period 2012.2. The number of respondents is 12 respondents. The questionnaire uses a Likert scale. To analyze data used Pearson bivariate analysis and Cronbach alpha. The results showed that 1) the high pattern of students interaction in tutorial is student interaction with matter and student interaction with tutors; 2) online discussion can be able to provide feedback from other students and can also give students a change to argue.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola interaksi mahasiswa dalam tutorial online (Tuton) dan mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa terhadap pelaksanaan tutorial online. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey. Penelitian dilakukan di program studi pendidikan fisika FKIP-UT pada matakuliah fisika statistik masa registrasi 2012.2. Responden sebanyak 12 responden. Instrumen menggunakan skala Likert. Validitas dan reliabilitas butir instrumen dilakukan uji pearson bivariat dan analisis alfa cronbach. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa: 1) pola interaksi mahasiswa yang sering terjadi adalah pola interaksi mahasiswa dengan materi dan pola interaksi mahasiswa dengan tutor 2) diskusi online dapat menyediakan umpan balik dari mahasiswa lainnya dan memberikan kesempatan mahasiswa untuk berpendapat.
High-Yield Production of Aqueous Graphene for Electrohydrodynamic Drop-on-Demand Printing of Biocompatible Conductive Patterns
Authors: Niaraki Asli Amir Ehsan , Guo Jingshuai , Lai Pei Lun , Montazami Reza , Hashemi Nicole N. 
Published: January 2020

Presented here is a scalable and aqueous phase exfoliation of graphite to high yield and quality of few layer graphene (FLG) using Bovine Serum Albomine (BSA) and wet ball milling. The produced graphene ink is tailored for printable and flexible electronics, having shown promising results in terms of electrical conductivity and temporal stability. Shear force generated by steel balls which resulted in 2–3 layer defect-free graphene platelets with an average size of hundreds of nm, and with a concentration of about 5.1 mg/mL characterized by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. Further, a conductive ink was prepared and printed on flexible substrate (Polyimide) with controlled resolution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Profilometry revealed the effect of thermal annealing on the prints to concede consistent morphological characteristics. The resulted sheet resistance was measured to be R s = 36.75 Ω / sqr for prints as long as 100 mm. Printable inks were produced in volumes ranging from 20 mL to 1 L, with potential to facilitate large scale production of graphene for applications in biosensors, as well as flexible and printable electronics.
Along the Process Chain to Probiotic Tablets: Evaluation of Mechanical Impacts on Microbial Viability
Authors: Vorländer Karl , Kampen Ingo , Finke Jan Henrik , Kwade Arno 
Published: January 2020

Today, probiotics are predominantly used in liquid or semi-solid functionalized foods, showing a rapid loss of cell viability. Due to the increasing spread of antibiotic resistance, probiotics are promising in pharmaceutical development because of their antimicrobial effects. This increases the formulation requirements, e.g., the need for an enhanced shelf life that is achieved by drying, mainly by lyophilization. For oral administration, the process chain for production of tablets containing microorganisms is of high interest and, thus, was investigated in this study. Lyophilization as an initial process step showed low cell survival of only 12.8%. However, the addition of cryoprotectants enabled survival rates up to 42.9%. Subsequently, the dried cells were gently milled. This powder was tableted directly or after mixing with excipients microcrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate or lactose. Survival rates during tableting varied between 1.4% and 24.1%, depending on the formulation and the applied compaction stress. More detailed analysis of the tablet properties showed advantages of excipients in respect of cell survival and tablet mechanical strength. Maximum overall survival rate along the complete manufacturing process was >5%, enabling doses of 6 × 10 8 colony forming units per gram ( CFU g total − 1 ), including cryoprotectants and excipients.
Estimación de la volatilidad del tipo de cambio en México y Brasil. Un enfoque con modelos Markov Switching Garch
Authors: Caballero Martínez Rolando , Caballero Claure Benigno 
Published: January 2020

Este documento analiza la evolución de la volatilidad cambiaria en México y Brasil en el periodo 1994-2014, y presenta evidencia de que la misma tiende a disminuir con el tiempo. Además, se analiza la relación existente entre la volatilidad cambiaria y la tasa de depreciación. Nuestros hallazgos indican que tres de cinco modelos de volatilidad condicional confirman que una mayor depreciación cambiaria precede temporalmente a una mayor volatilidad cambiaria. Asimismo, para poder analizar estos efectos se emplean modelos de heterocedasticidad condicional (ARCH-M, GARCH-M, TGARCH-M, EGARCH-M, y PARCH-M), así como modelos markovianos: Switching Markov Regression. Los resultados demuestran que, una vez que la volatilidad se encuentra en un determinado régimen (alto o bajo), es muy baja la probabilidad de que pase al otro régimen de manera inmediata. Otro hallazgo importante es la persistencia alta en volatilidad en ambas economías, lo que confirmaría que los choques en ella no se disipan rápidamente.
QUO VADIS HUBUNGAN BILATERAL INDONESIA � MALAYSIA
Authors: Yovinus Yovinus 
Published: January 2020

Hubungan bilateral Indonesia � Malaysia seringkali mengalami pasang surut, yang artinya adalah beberapa kali terjadi ketegangan diplomatik antara kedua negara serumpun dan bertetangga ini. Isu dan kasus terakhir yang menjadi titik terendah dari hubungan kedua negara terutama terkait dengan kasus sengketa wilayah yang nyaris membawa keduanya terlibat kembali dalam konfrontasi ketika Pulau Sipadan dan Ligitan diklaim secara sepihak oleh pihak Malaysia, dan akhirnya masalah tersebut dibawa ke sidang mahkamah internasional di Den Haag Belanda Tanggal 17 Desember 2002. Keputusan tersebut tentu saja menimbulkan kekecewaan mendalam di pihak Indonesia, karena disinyalir putusan tersebut tidak didasari oleh fakta historis, sosiologis dan administratif. Kasus tersebut menjadi catatan diplomatik penting bagi Indonesia, karena kenyataan yang harus diterima adalah bahwa Malaysia telah memiliki kemampuan diplomasi jauh di atas Indonesia. Hal tersebut terbukti dari 17 Hakim dalam persidangan, 16 di antaranya menyetujui bahwa Sipadan dan Ligitan adalah milik Malaysia, dan hanya 1 orang yang menyatakan bahwa kedua Pulau tersebut milik Indonesia.
Kasus tersebut di atas menjadi dasar dari analisis dalam penelitian ini, dimana sesudahnya resistensi dan sensitivitas sebagian masyarakat Indonesia terhadap Malaysia menjadi meningkat. Hal ini tentu saja mempengaruhi hubungan diplomatik kedua negara. Meski demikian posisi Indonesia tetap sulit, karena ada hal lain yang mesti juga menjadi pertimbangan jika masalah diplomatik kedua negara tidak segera dicari jalan penyelesaiannya. Hal tersebut adalah tingginya angka pekerja migran Indonesia yang mencari nafkah dan bekerja di Malaysia. Pertimbangan politis dan ekonomi tersebut yang memaksa pemerintah Indonesia untuk mencari solusi dan meredam kemaraham publik Indonesia atas sengketa batas wilayah yang akan mempengaruhi nasib jutaan pekerja migran asal Indonesia di Malaysia jika terjadi konflik politik ataupun militer antar kedua negara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode studi kasus dan diharapkan mampu menjawab berbagai pertanyaan publik dan akademik tentang sikap politik pemerintah Malaysia terhadap pihak Indonesia. Penelitian ini penting untuk dilakukan mengingat agresivitas Malaysia di wilayah � wilayah perbatasan darat maupun lautan tetap saja terjadi meskipun masih dalam intensitas kecil.