bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis conditions influencing formation of MAPbBr3 perovskite nanoparticles prepared by the ligand-assisted precipitation method
Authors: Jancik Prochazkova Anna , Scharber Markus Clark , Yumusak Cigdem , Jančík Ján , Másilko Jiří , Brüggemann Oliver , Weiter Martin , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Krajcovic Jozef , Salinas Yolanda , Kovalenko Alexander 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis work reports on an optimized procedure to synthesize methylammonium bromide perovskite nanoparticles. The ligand-assisted precipitation synthetic pathway for preparing nanoparticles is a cost-effective and promising method due to its ease of scalability, affordable equipment requirements and convenient operational temperatures. Nevertheless, there are several parameters that influence the resulting optical properties of the final nanomaterials. Here, the influence of the choice of solvent system, capping agents, temperature during precipitation and ratios of precursor chemicals is described, among other factors. Moreover, the colloidal stability and stability of the precursor solution is studied. All of the above-mentioned parameters were observed to strongly affect the resulting optical properties of the colloidal solutions. Various solvents, dispersion media, and selection of capping agents affected the formation of the perovskite structure, and thus qualitative and quantitative optimization of the synthetic procedure conditions resulted in nanoparticles of different dimensions and optical properties. The emission maxima of the nanoparticles were in the 508–519 nm range due to quantum confinement, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. This detailed study allows the selection of the best optimal conditions when using the ligand-assisted precipitation method as a powerful tool to fine-tune nanostructured perovskite features targeted for specific applications.
Quantification of regional murine ozone-induced lung inflammation using [18F]F-FDG microPET/CT imaging
Authors: Aulakh G. K. , Kaur M. , Brown V. , Ekanayake S. , Khan B. , Fonge H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOzone (O3) is a highly potent and reactive air pollutant. It has been linked to acute and chronic respiratory diseases in humans by inducing inflammation. Our studies have found evidence that 0.05 ppm of O3, within the threshold of air quality standards, is capable of inducing acute lung injury. This study was undertaken to examine O3-induced lung damage using [18F]F-FDG (2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose) microPET/CT in wild-type mice. [18F]F-FDG is a known PET tracer for inflammation. Sequential [18F]F-FDG microPET/CT was performed at baseline (i.e. before O3 exposure), immediately (0 h), at 24 h and at 28 h following 2 h of 0.05 ppm O3 exposure. The images were quantified to determine O3 induced spatial standard uptake ratio of [18F]F-FDG in relation to lung tissue density and compared with baseline values. Immediately after O3 exposure, we detected a 72.21 ± 0.79% increase in lung [18F]F-FDG uptake ratio when compared to baseline measures. At 24 h post-O3 exposure, the [18F]F-FDG uptake becomes highly variable (S.D. in [18F]F-FDG = 5.174 × 10–4 units) with a 42.54 ± 0.33% increase in lung [18F]F-FDG compared to baseline. At 28 h time-point, [18F]F-FDG uptake ratio was similar to baseline values. However, the pattern of [18F]F-FDG distribution varied and was interspersed with zones of minimal uptake. Our microPET/CT imaging protocol can quantify and identify atypical regional lung uptake of [18F]F-FDG to understand the lung response to O3 exposure.
Ultra-low-loss tunable piezoelectric-actuated metasurfaces achieving 360° or 180° dynamic phase shift at millimeter-waves
Authors: Vassos Evangelos , Churm James , Feresidis Alexandros 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhase shifting metasurfaces typically consist of an ordered metallic geometry that is patterned onto a dielectric substrate and incorporate active devices or materials that enable dynamic tuning. Existing methods at mm-wave and submillimeter bands typically suffer from high losses, which are predominantly produced by the inherent limitations of the tuning elements or materials. This report presents a new, ultra-low-loss and phase-tunable, reflection type metasurface design, which outperforms previously reported technologies in terms of phase shifting and loss. The proposed technique utilizes a variable air cavity, formed between a periodic array and a ground plane, which is controlled by means of a piezoelectric actuator. Two metasurface designs are presented and experimentally tested. Firstly, a square patch element metasurface that is capable of achieving a continuous 180° phase shift across a wide bandwidth, between 35 and 65 GHz. Also presented is a double-cross element metasurface that provides full 360° phase control between 57 and 62 GHz. The variable air cavity is controlled by means of a piezoelectric actuator that supports and varies the height of a ground plane, providing highly accurate, millisecond, displacement. Unlike conventional tuning methods, the tuning mechanism, in this case the moving ground plane, introduces no additional sources of loss and enables an average loss performance of 1 dB. Full-wave simulations are presented and experimentally validated with measurements of both metasurface prototypes. The proposed approach is scalable from microwave up to THz frequencies, due to the electro-mechanical and low loss nature of the tuning.
Dissociated leg muscle atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease: the ‘split-leg’ sign
Authors: Min Young Gi , Choi Seok-Jin , Hong Yoon-Ho , Kim Sung-Min , Shin Je-Young , Sung Jung-Joon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDisproportionate muscle atrophy is a distinct phenomenon in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); however, preferentially affected leg muscles remain unknown. We aimed to identify this split-leg phenomenon in ALS and determine its pathophysiology. Patients with ALS (n = 143), progressive muscular atrophy (PMA, n = 36), and age-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 53) were retrospectively identified from our motor neuron disease registry. We analyzed their disease duration, onset region, ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised Scores, and results of neurological examination. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB), abductor hallucis (AH), and tibialis anterior (TA) were reviewed. Defined by CMAPEDB/CMAPAH(SIEDB) and CMAPTA/CMAPAH(SITA), respectively, the values of split-leg indices (SI) were compared between these groups. SIEDBwas significantly reduced in ALS (p < 0.0001) and PMA (p < 0.0001) compared to the healthy controls (HCs). SITAreduction was more prominent in PMA (p < 0.05 vs. ALS, p < 0.01 vs. HC), but was not significant in ALS compared to the HCs. SI was found to be significantly decreased with clinical lower motor neuron signs (SIEDB), while was rather increased with clinical upper motor neuron signs (SITA). Compared to the AH, TA and EDB are more severely affected in ALS and PMA patients. Our findings help to elucidate the pathophysiology of split-leg phenomenon.
Dimethyl 3,3′-dithiobispropionimidate-functionalized diatomaceous earth particles for efficient biomolecule separation
Authors: Jang Yoon Ok , Noh Geun Su , Liu Huifang , Koo Bonhan , Qiao Zhen , Shin Yong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe early diagnosis and monitoring of cancers are key factors in effective cancer treatment. Particularly, the separation of biomolecules is an essential step for both diagnostic and analytical purposes. However, the current techniques used to isolate biomolecules are intensive, laborious, and require multiple instruments as well as repeated sample preparations to separate each biomolecule. Thus, an efficient separation system that can simultaneously separate biomolecules from scarce samples is highly desirable. Hence, in this study, we developed a biosilica-based syringe filtration system for the efficient separation of biomolecules from cancer samples using amine-modified diatomaceous earth (AD) with dimethyl 3,3′-dithiobispropionimidate (DTBP). The syringe filter can be an efficient and rapid tool for use in various procedures without complex instruments. The DTBP-based AD system was combined with the syringe filter system for nucleic acid and protein separation from various cancer cells. We demonstrated the efficacy of the DTBP-based AD in a single-filter system for the efficient separation of DNA and proteins within 40 min. This DTBP-based AD syringe filter system showed good rapidity, efficiency, and affordability in the separation of biomolecules from single samples for the early diagnosis and clinical analysis of cancers.
Metagenomic analysis of human-biting cat fleas in urban northeastern United States of America reveals an emerging zoonotic pathogen
Authors: Ferreira Francisco C. , Fonseca Dina M. , Hamilton George , Price Dana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn infestation of cat fleas in a research center led to the detection of two genotypes of Ctenocephalides felis biting humans in New Jersey, USA. The rarer flea genotype had an 83% incidence of Rickettsia asembonensis, a recently described bacterium closely related to R. felis, a known human pathogen. A metagenomics analysis developed in under a week recovered the entire R. asembonensis genome at high coverage and matched it to identical or almost identical (> 99% similarity) strains reported worldwide. Our study exposes the potential of cat fleas as vectors of human pathogens in crowded northeastern U.S, cities and suburbs where free-ranging cats are abundant. Furthermore, it demonstrates the power of metagenomics to glean large amounts of comparative data regarding both emerging vectors and their pathogens.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from leaves and flowers of Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth.
Authors: Ghavam Mansureh , Manca Maria Letizia , Manconi Maria , Bacchetta Gianluigi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe majority of essential oils obtained from vascular plants have been demonstrated to be effective in treating fungal and bacterial infections. Among others, Salvia hydrangea is an endemic half-shrub belonging to the Lamiaceae family that has been widely used from ancient times in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to compare the composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils obtained from leaves or flowers of this plant, collected from the Daran region of Iran during June 2018. The oils were obtained using Clevenger apparatus, their composition was evaluated by means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and the antimicrobial properties were assayed by measuring inhibition halos, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The yield of leaf oil was ~ 0.25% and that of flower oil was ~ 0.28%. Oil composition was affected by the part of the plants used: the most abundant bioactives contained in leaf essential oil were (+)-spathulenol (16.07%), 1,8-cineole (13.96%), trans-caryophyllene (9.58%), β-pinene (8.91%) and β-eudesmol (5.33%) and those in flower essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (35.47%), 1,8-cineole (9.54%), trans-caryophyllene (6.36%), β-eudesmol (4.11%), caryophyllenol-II (3.46%) and camphor (3.33%). Both the oils showed a significant inhibitory and lethal effect on the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC ~ 16 µg/mL), Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC ~ 62 µg/mL). Therefore, the essential oils obtained from both leaves and flowers of S. hydrangea may have potential application as bactericidal agents against some bacteria.
Conductive polymer supported and confined iron phosphide nanocrystals for boosting the photocatalytic hydrogen production of graphitic carbon nitride
Authors: Li Tao , Wang Kai , Fang Qi-Tao , Zhang Yu , Wang Bo , Li Rui , Lin Ye-Zhan , Liu Ke-Cheng , Xie Hai-Quan , Li Kui 
Published: September 2020

A green redox relay reaction between FeCl3 and pyrrole monomer was developed for synthesizing g-C3N4–PPy–FeP with a hydrogen production activity of 6 and 20 times larger than that of g-C3N4 singly loaded separately with PPy and FeP.
Sinorhizobium melilotiYrbA binds divalent metal cations using two conserved histidines
Authors: Roret Thomas , Alloing Geneviève , Girardet Jean-Michel , Perrot Thomas , Dhalleine Tiphaine , Couturier Jérémy , Frendo Pierre , Didierjean Claude , Rouhier Nicolas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSinorhizobium meliloti is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium forming symbiotic nodules with the legume Medicago truncatula. S. meliloti possesses two BolA-like proteins (BolA and YrbA), the function of which is unknown. In organisms where BolA proteins and monothiol glutaredoxins (Grxs) are present, they contribute to the regulation of iron homeostasis by bridging a [2Fe–2S] cluster into heterodimers. A role in the maturation of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) proteins is also attributed to both proteins. In the present study, we have performed a structure–function analysis of SmYrbA showing that it coordinates diverse divalent metal ions (Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) using His32 and His67 residues, that are also used for Fe–S cluster binding in BolA–Grx heterodimers. It also possesses the capacity to form heterodimers with the sole monothiol glutaredoxin (SmGrx2) present in this species. Using cellular approaches analyzing the metal tolerance of S. meliloti mutant strains inactivated in the yrbA and/or bolA genes, we provide evidence for a connection of YrbA with the regulation of iron homeostasis. The mild defects in M. truncatula nodulation reported for the yrbA bolA mutant as compared with the stronger defects in nodule development previously observed for a grx2 mutant suggest functions independent of SmGrx2. These results help in clarifying the physiological role of BolA-type proteins in bacteria.
Integration immuntherapeutischer Ansätze in individuelle
Behandlungsansätze bei rezidivierten Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
Authors: Büntzel Jens 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung10–20% aller Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten erleiden ein lokales
oder lokoregionäres Rezidiv. Gute Ergebnisse haben hier lokale
Verfahren wie eine nochmalige Strahlentherapie, Resektion oder ablative
Chirurgie, inklusive der photodynamischen Therapie. Seit einigen Jahren
kommen auch Immuntherapeutika (Checkpoint-Inhibitoren, EGFR-Inhibitoren)
immer früher bei diesen Patienten zum Einsatz. Dies führt zu
wesentlichen längeren Krankheitsverläufen mit breiten
Kombinationsmöglichkeiten einerseits (Kasuistik 1), andererseits
sind neue Interaktionen zu beachten (Kasuistik 2). Insbesondere bei aktiven
Patienten mit diversen komplementärmedizinischen
Behandlungsansätzen müssen diese Wechselwirkungen kritisch
beachtet und hinterfragt werden.
Fixação percutânea sem enxerto ósseo para pseudartrose do escafóide
Authors: Belloti João Carlos , Vasconcelos Klebson Bruno Lopes , Raduan Neto Jorge , Okamura Aldo , Fernandes Marcela , de Moraes Vinícius Ynoe 
Published: September 2020

ResumoObjetivo Descrever os resultados clínico-radiográficos de pacientes tratados por meio de fixação percutânea sem enxerto ósseo para pseudartrose do escafóide, com seguimento mínimo de seis meses.Métodos Série de casos de uma amostra de conveniência de grupo de cirurgiões de mão com avaliação prospectiva.. Foram incluídos pacientes com diagnóstico de pseudartrose do escafóide (cintura ou polo proximal) com as seguintes características: mais de seis meses de histórico; radiografias demonstrando esclerose das bordas da pseudartrose, com reabsorção do foco de pseudartrose menor do que 4 mm (Slade & Gleissler I, II, III e IV), sem deformidade angular; e sem necrose do polo proximal pela ressonância magnética (RM).Resultados Na avaliação com mais de seis meses, todas as pseudartroses estavam consolidadas e sem maiores complicações. Os resultados funcionais demonstraram boas pontuações nos questionários de disfunções do braço, ombro e mão (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand, DASH; n = 12; média: 6,9; desvio padrão [DP]: 2,1) e de avaliação do punho pelo paciente (patient-rated wrist evaluation, PRWE; n = 12; média: 7,97; DP: 1,5). Observou-se pouca dor residual de acordo com a escala visual analógica (EVA; n = 12; média: 0,71; DP: 0,2). Houve discreta diminuição da flexão (69 versus 59,1; p = 0,007), da extensão (62,4 versus 48,7; p = 0,001) e do desvio radial (29,6 versus 24.6; p = 0,014) em comparação ao lado contralateral.Conclusões Nesta série, todos os casos estavam consolidados ao sexto mês de avaliação, com bom status funcional. Trata-se de uma opção promissora (menor demanda técnica e morbidade) para o tratamento da pseudartrose do escafóide. Estudos comparativos serão úteis para avaliar a efetividade da técnica com relação a outras opções.
Estudo prospectivo das lesões musculares em três temporadas consecutivas do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol
Authors: Margato Gabriel Furlan , Andrade Júnior Edilson Ferreira , Lara Paulo Henrique Schmidt , Pagura Jorge Roberto , Cohen Moisés , Arliani Gustavo Gonçalves 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Realizar uma avaliação prospectiva das lesões musculares ocorridas durante as partidas das séries A e B do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Masculino dos anos de 2016 a 2018.
Métodos Estudo de coorte prospectivo com coleta de dados referentes às lesões musculares ocorridas durante os jogos oficiais da primeira e segunda divisões do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Masculino nas temporadas de 2016, 2017 e 2018.
Resultados O número total de lesões musculares foi de 577 ao longo das 3 temporadas, havendo uma redução gradual e anual na incidência delas (219 lesões em 2016, 195 em 2017, e 163 em 2018), com diferença estatística significativa entre os anos de 2016 e 2018. As lesões musculares representaram aproximadamente 35% de todas as lesões. A incidência das lesões musculares foi 7,66 para cada 1.000 horas de jogo. Nas 3 temporadas (2016 a 2018), a mais comum foi a lesão muscular dos isquiotibiais (41,1%, 40,5% e 33,7%, respectivamente). Os laterais foram os mais acometidos, e a escala de severidade de lesão mais comum foi a moderada (8 a 28 dias). O momento da partida com maior incidência de lesões foi no período entre 61 e 75 minutos, com um índice de 19,9%, não havendo diferença estatística em relação aos demais períodos de jogo.
Conclusão Houve uma incidência de lesões musculares de 7,7 lesões/1.000 h, e ocorreram predominantemente nos jogos em casa, em defensores (laterais e zagueiros), com idade média de 28 anos, envolvendo principalmente a musculatura isquiotibial, com tempo médio de afastamento moderado (8 a 28 dias).
Análise clínica e radiológica do resultado placa ponte versus fixador externo na fratura cominutiva do rádio distal
Authors: Carula Beatriz Canhoto , Pereira Matheus da Silva , Ferreira Ana Paula Bonilauri , Ayzemberg Henrique , Steglich Valdir , Stangarlin Tiago Salati 
Published: September 2020

ResumoObjetivo Avaliar e comparar os resultados clínicos e radiológicos de pacientes com fraturas cominutivas distais do rádio tratados com fixador externo ou placa ponte dorsal.Métodos Foram analisados 45 pacientes, sendo 18 tratados com fixador externo, e 25, com placa ponte dorsal, após 1 ano de pós-operatório. Aplicou-se uma escala analógica de dor e o questionário Disabilities of the Arm, Shouder and Hand (DASH), além de análise radiográfica, da avaliação de força, e da amplitude de movimento. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando o teste qui-quadrado e o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney.Resultados A fratura foi mais comum em mulheres acima de 60 anos por queda do mesmo nível. Ambos os métodos demonstraram resultados funcional e radiológico similares. A infecção foi mais prevalente com o uso do fixador externo, mas a força de preensão residual foi melhor. Neuropatia simpático-reflexa foi mais comum com o uso da placa ponte dorsal.Conclusão Não houve consenso da superioridade de um método em relação ao outro em nossa análise. Cada um dos métodos apresenta vantagens e desvantagens, mas ambos mostraram resultados bons e semelhantes. A escolha do tratamento deve ser atribuída ao perfil do trauma, às condições clínicas do paciente, à experiência do profissional, e à disponibilidade de materiais.
Verbal and Nonverbal Mismatch Negativity in Children with Typical Development: Variables Analysis
Authors: de Souza Amália El Hatal , Biaggio Eliara Pinto Vieira 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroduction Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a promising instrument for the investigation of different auditory disorders, as it does not need behavioral responses.Objective To analyze the influence of the ear, gender and age variables in the MMN in children with typical development; and to compare the different measures of this potential, using verbal and nonverbal stimuli in the sample studied, providing reference values.Methods Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study, with 23 children, aged from 5 to 11 years and 11 months old, divided by age group. Mismatch negativity was performed using verbal and nonverbal stimuli, and the data was analyzed by means of the statistical Student t-test.Results No significant differences were noted for the ear, gender and age variables in the MMN with both stimuli. There were significant differences for the latency, duration and area variables when the stimuli were compared. The reference values established for nonverbal stimuli were: latency 249.8 milliseconds, amplitude 2.28 µv, duration 82.97 milliseconds, and area 137.3 microvolt x microseconds (μVx μs); as for the verbal stimuli, they were: latency 265.3 milliseconds, amplitude - 2.82 µv, duration 110.5 milliseconds, and area 225.5 microvolt x microseconds (μVx μs).Conclusion The variables studied did not influence the recordings of the MMN. Latency, duration and area of the MMN with verbal stimuli were higher. It was possible to furnish reference values for children with typical development in the age group studied.
Management of Early Glottic Cancer Treated by CO2 Laser According to Surgical-Margin Status: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Verro Barbara , Greco Giuseppe , Chianetta Enzo , Saraniti Carmelo 
Published: September 2020

Introduction Transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) is the treatment of choice for Tis-T2 squamous cell glottic carcinomas due to its advantages compared with open surgery and radiotherapy. However, the CO2 laser beam causes changes and damage on the specimens, making the histological assessment of resection margins, the gold standard for confirming radical tumor resection, sometimes difficult.
Objective To assess the different ways to manage patients depending on the status of the histopathological margin according to recent studies to detect the most commonly shared therapeutic strategy.
Data Synthesis We analyzed the literature available on the PubMed and Web of Science databases, including only articles published since 2005, using specific keywords to retrieve articles whose titles and abstracts were read and analyzed independently by two authors to detect relevant studies. Therefore, we focused on disease-free survival, overall survival, local control, laryngeal preservation, and disease-specific survival. Thus, 17 studies were included in the present review; they were grouped according to the status of the histological margin, and we analyzed the different management policies described in them. This analysis showed that there is not a shared strategy, though in most studies the authors performed a second-look surgery in the cases of positive margins and a close follow-up in cases of negative ones. The main disagreement is regarding the management of close or non-valuable resection margins, since some some authors performed a second-look surgery, and others, a close follow-up.
Conclusions Definitely, the most shared policy is the second-look surgery in case of positive surgical margins, and a close follow-up in case of close or non-valuable resection margins.
Key Points