bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro assessment of chemical surface treatments on the shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets to CAD/CAM provisional materials
Authors: Alzaid Abdulaziz A. , Alanazi Khalid K. , Alharbi Maha N. , Alyahya Lulu A. , Alqarni Hatem , Alsaloum Mohammed , Alfallaj Hayam , Alotaibi Ghada S. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe growing demand for orthodontic treatment in patients irrespective of age highlights the need for effective bonding of brackets to provisional crowns (PCs).Aims and objectivesThis study evaluates the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets to 3D-printed and milled PC materials, comparing the effects of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) and phosphoric acid (PA) etching.Materials and methodsForty cylinders were fabricated using a 3D printer with hybrid resin, and forty were milled from cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin. Stainless steel brackets were bonded with light-cured composite resin. Twenty specimens from each group were treated with 9.5% HFA, while the rest of the specimens received 37% PA. Post-bonding, specimens underwent thermocycling and were examined with SEM. SBS testing followed ISO/TS 11405-2015 guidelines. The failure patterns and bond interface were assessed by the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data was analyzed using ANOVA, Tukey's test.ResultsIn 3D-printed materials, HFA etching yielded a significantly higher bond strength (12.59 ± 2.64 MPa) than PA etching (7.77 ± 0.83 MPa). The bond strength was inferior in milled materials: HFA (5.98 ± 0.59 MPa) and PA (5.66 ± 0.65 MPa) with no significant difference between both surface treatments. When each material was evaluated separately, a significant difference in SBS was found for surface treatments in 3D-printed materials (p &lt; 0.001) but not for milled materials (p = 0.916). ARI scores showed greater adhesive retention in 3D-printed specimens, particularly those treated with HFA. SEM revealed smoother surfaces in 3D-printed specimens compared to rougher surfaces in milled specimens.ConclusionHFA etching improves SBS in 3D-printed PC, while in milled materials, the choice of etching agent has minimal effect.
Follicular development and endometrial receptivity of different androgen phenotypes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Wen Xinling , Wang Li , Lv Shulan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an important factor contributing to infertility in reproductive-aged women. Hyperandrogenism (HA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. This study was conducted to explore the follicular development and endometrial receptivity of different androgen phenotypes in reproductive-aged patients with PCOS.MethodsA total of 268 PCOS patients with infertility were recruited and divided into two groups according to the different androgen phenotypes in this study: abnormal menstruation and hyperandrogenism (AM-HA group, n = 127) and abnormal menstruation and polycystic ovarian morphology (AM-PCOM group, n = 141). The follicular development, endometrial receptivity, pregnancy rate, and live birth rate during the natural menstrual cycle were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe number of dominant follicles, number of ovulations, and normal ovulation rate in the AM-HA group were significantly lower compared with those in the AM-PCOM group (p &lt; 0.05). The endometrial thickness (ET), endometrial volume (EV), vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) on days 14 to 24 of the menstrual cycle before ovulation were significantly lower in the AM-HA group than in the AM-PCOM group (p &lt; 0.05). The endometrial VI, FI, and VFI, the integrin αvβ3, and VEGF concentrations in the uterine fluid during the implantation window were significantly lower in the AM-HA group compared with the AM-PCOM group (p &lt; 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the uterine artery blood flow parameters, ET and EV, between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05). The biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and live birth rate in the AM-HA group were significantly lower compared with those in the AM-PCOM group (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPCOS patients with the AM-HA phenotype were vulnerable to ovulation disorders and impaired endometrial receptivity, which resulted in reduced pregnancy rate. Treatment with HA is likely to become an effective approach for improving endometrial receptivity and fecundity disorders in patients with PCOS.
Genotype-negative multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with prolactinoma, hyperparathyroidism, and subclinical Cushing’s syndrome accompanied by hyperglycemia: a case report
Authors: Kubo Haremaru , Wada Ryota , Sekikawa Naohiro , Nomura Yasuhisa , Yamada Mutsuo , Inoue Minoru , Hattori Naoki , Yamazaki Yuto , Sugimoto Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMultiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, accompanied by multiple endocrine neoplasms of the parathyroid, pancreas, pituitary, and other neoplasms in the adrenal glands. However, in some cases, patients clinically diagnosed with MEN1 may be genotype-negative.Case presentationA 56-year-old female was diagnosed with MEN1 based on a macroprolactinoma (19 mm in diameter), primary hyperparathyroidism, and a cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, without a family history. At first appearance, she had a hemoglobin A1c of 12.0% and a fasting plasma glucose level of 16.3 mmol/L (294 mg/dL). She complained of headaches and had a history of prolactinoma at 28 years of age, with concomitant elevated prolactin 1102.0 μg/L (ng/mL). Insulin therapy was initiated for glucose management following the administration of an oral hypoglycemic agent. Additionally, cabergoline was initiated for due to the prolactinoma, resulting in a normalized prolactin level. Thereafter, medication for diabetes could be withdrawn. Subsequently, surgery was performed for primary hyperparathyroidism and the cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma, which was consistent with the preoperative diagnosis. Additionally, a thyroid tumor resected with primary hyperparathyroidism revealed to be invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Target gene testing revealed a negative genotype for MEN1 gene, with only one common polymorphism that was non-pathogenic.ConclusionsGenotype-negative MEN1 typically has a favorable clinical course without a third primary MEN1 manifestation. However, the present case had a symptomatic macroprolactinoma with an apparent elevated glucose level and three manifestations of tumors (pituitary, parathyroid, and adrenal) with invasive PTC, and a delayed diagnosis could have caused crucial deterioration. Clinicians should pay attention to the clinical features of MEN1 including glucose intolerance. In such cases, the treatment of endocrine disorders can lead to the normalization of the glucose level.
Comparison of genotyping assays for detection of targeted CRISPR/Cas mutagenesis in highly polyploid sugarcane
Authors: Brant Eleanor J. , May David , Eid Ayman , Altpeter Fredy 
Published: December 2024

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important biofuel feedstock and a leading source of global table sugar. Saccharum hybrid cultivars are highly polyploid (2n = 100–130), containing large numbers of functionally redundant hom(e)ologs in their genomes. Genome editing with sequence-specific nucleases holds tremendous promise for sugarcane breeding. However, identification of plants with the desired level of co-editing within a pool of primary transformants can be difficult. While DNA sequencing provides direct evidence of targeted mutagenesis, it is cost-prohibitive as a primary screening method in sugarcane and most other methods of identifying mutant lines have not been optimized for use in highly polyploid species. In this study, non-sequencing methods of mutant screening, including capillary electrophoresis (CE), Cas9 RNP assay, and high-resolution melt analysis (HRMA), were compared to assess their potential for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutant screening in sugarcane. These assays were used to analyze sugarcane lines containing mutations at one or more of six sgRNA target sites. All three methods distinguished edited lines from wild type, with co-mutation frequencies ranging from 2% to 100%. Cas9 RNP assays were able to identify mutant sugarcane lines with as low as 3.2% co-mutation frequency, and samples could be scored based on undigested band intensity. CE was highlighted as the most comprehensive assay, delivering precise information on both mutagenesis frequency and indel size to a 1 bp resolution across all six targets. This represents an economical and comprehensive alternative to sequencing-based genotyping methods which could be applied in other polyploid species.
Improved genetic algorithm based on Shapley value for a virtual machine scheduling model in cloud computing
Authors: Chen Lili , Niu Yuxia 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIn cloud computing, a common idea to reduce operation costs and improve service quality is to study task scheduling algorithms.MethodsTo better allocate virtual machine resources, a virtual machine resource scheduling algorithm, Shapley value method–genetic algorithm (SVM-GA) is proposed. This algorithm uses the SVM to obtain the contribution values of each component of the virtual machine, refine the topological network, and achieve the optimal solution of scheduling by the genetic algorithm.Results and DiscussionCloudSim simulation results indicate that SVM-GA has the lowest total task completion time when compared with existing intelligent optimization algorithms (such as the max–min algorithm, logistic regression algorithm, and differential evolution algorithm) with the same number of tasks, and the total task time is 25, 55, 81, 112, 145, and 175 s for 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,000, and 1,200 tasks, respectively. As the number of evolutionary generations increases, the ability of SVM-GA to reach the optimal solution of the model increases. In the simulated light load case, the SVM-GA migration time and Q10 migration count optimal solutions are slightly inferior to those of the logistic regression algorithm (3.02 s &gt; 2.38 s; 1,129 times &gt;999 times), but the migration energy consumption and service level agreement violation rate optimal solutions are superior. The SVM-GAA’s performance in the heavy load case is similar to that in the light load case. The experiments show the feasibility of the algorithm proposed in the study.
SUMO2 rescues neuronal and glial cells from the toxicity of P301L Tau mutant
Authors: Orsini Franca , Pascente Rosaria , Martucci Annacarla , Palacino Sara , Fraser Paul , Arancio Ottavio , Fioriti Luana 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAbnormal intracellular accumulation of Tau aggregates is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other Tauopathies, such as Frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Tau deposits primarily affect neurons, but evidence indicates that glial cells may also be affected and contribute distinctively to disease progression. Cells can respond to toxic insults by orchestrating global changes in posttranslational modifications of their proteome. Previous studies suggest that SUMOylation, a posttranslational modification consisting of conjugation of SUMO (Small ubiquitin-like modifier) to target proteins, was decreased in the hippocampus of AD patients and in animal model of AD compared with controls. This decrease in SUMOylation was correlated with increased Tau pathology and cognitive decline. Other studies have reported increased levels of SUMO in AD brains. The goal of our study was to evaluate whether SUMO conjugation modifies the neurodegenerative disease pathology associated with the aggregation-prone mutant TauP301L, in neurons and in glial cells.MethodsWe used viral approaches to express mutant TauP301L and SUMO2 in the hippocampus of wild-type mice. We assessed Tau distribution by immunostaining and Tau aggregation by insolubility assays followed by western blotting. We assessed neuronal toxicity and performed cell count and shape descriptor analyses on astrocytes and microglial cells.ResultsWe found that mutant TauP301L, when expressed exclusively in neurons, is toxic not only to neurons but also to glial cells, and that SUMO2 counteracts TauP301L toxicity in neurons as well as in glia.DiscussionOur results uncover an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism, whereby SUMO2 conjugation reduces Tau neuropathology and protects against toxic effects of Tau in glial cells.
Efficient gaze stabilization during video Active Gaze Shift Test (vAGST) in bilateral vestibulopathy
Authors: Van Nechel Christian , Duquesne Ulla , Toupet Michel , Hautefort Charlotte 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWhile most head movements in daily life are active, most tools used to assess vestibular deficits rely on passive head movements. A single gain value is not sufficient to quantify gaze stabilization efficiency during active movements in vestibular deficit patients. Moreover, during active gaze shifts, anticipatory mechanisms come into play. Our aim was to explore the extent to which previously described compensatory mechanisms are employed in patients with bilateral vestibular loss.MethodsWe used a Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) to simultaneously record eye and head movements during a video Active Gaze Shift Test (vAGST). Thirty-eight patients with bilateral vestibular deficits and 61 control subjects were tested.ResultsDespite impaired performance on caloric tests and vHIT, most patients exhibited normal gaze stabilization (gain = 0.92 ± 0.1) during active gaze shifts up to a head speed (‘stall speed’) of approximately 140 ± 60°/sec, compared to 280 ± 65°/sec in controls. Our results indicate that BVD patients spontaneously adopt a head speed during active horizontal movements that significantly improves gaze stabilization compared to passive movements. The stall speed correlates with the spontaneous head speed typically adopted by BVD patients and controls in daily activities. As a consequence of the reduction in head speed and corrective saccades, patients also showed an increased delay in gaze stabilization (413 ± 105 ms in BVD patients versus 358 ± 82 ms in controls) at the end of the gaze shift, which might become disabling for certain tasks.DiscussionRecent model suggests that compensatory eye movements, which stabilize gaze during the counter rotation phase of active gaze shifts, are predictive in nature. vAGST is not designed to provide an etiological diagnosis but rather a functional assessment of the patient’s ability to generate predictive eye movements that compensate for vestibular sensor deficits. Understanding the quality of the patient’s sensory predictions can also shed light on vestibular symptoms, even in cases where no vestibular sensor deficit is detected. This suggest that quality of life and oscillopsia questionnaires should distinguish between predictable and unpredictable movements.
Global, regional, and national trends in gastric cancer burden: 1990-2021 and projections to 2040
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhang Yiqun , Leng Xiaofei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy of the digestive system, with significant geographical variation in its disease burden.MethodsThis study used data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to analyze three key indicators: incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Initially, a detailed analysis of the GC burden was conducted from global, regional, national, gender, and age perspectives. Subsequently, the percentage change and average annual percent change (AAPC) of GC were calculated to understand the trends in disease burden. Decomposition analysis and frontier analysis were then performed. Finally, the Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the trends in age-standardized rates (ASRs) of GC up to 2040.ResultsIn 2021, there were 1.23 million (95% UI: 1.05-1.41 million) new cases of GC globally, with 0.95 million (95% UI: 0.82-1.10million) deaths and 22.79 million (95% UI: 19.58-26.12 million) DALYs. Compared to 1990, the global ASRs of GC has declined, but new cases and deaths have increased. For females, age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate, and age-standardized DALYs rate were 8.6, 7.1, and 165.6 per 100,000, with AAPCs of -2.1, -2.4, and -2.6. For males, they were 20.9, 16.0, and 371.2 per 100,000, with AAPCs of -1.6, -2.1, and -2.3. ASRs fluctuated with increasing Socio-demographic Index (SDI), being higher in middle and high-middle SDI regions. Decomposition analysis indicated negative effects from epidemiological trends on GC burden, while population growth and aging had positive effects. Frontier analysis showed that middle and high-middle SDI regions had more potential for reducing ASRs. Predictions indicate a continued decline in ASRs for both genders by 2040.ConclusionDespite progress in controlling GC, the number of new cases and deaths globally is rising due to population growth and aging. This highlights the need for effective prevention and control strategies.
Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors rechallenge in advanced solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Jiahui , Ding Xinyao , Ji Jianan , Zhang Lin , Luo Chengyan 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe efficacy and safety of re-administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced solid tumors lacks consensus and is of great concern to clinicians. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and adverse effects of ICIs rechallenges in advanced solid tumors.MethodsWe systematically searched the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and screened the relevant literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meanwhile, we conducted a meta-analysis of objective response rates (ORR), disease control rates (DCR), and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) for reuse of ICIs using Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation method.ResultsSixty eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the results revealed that those who discontinued ICIs therapy and reused ICIs had an ORR of 21.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 17.6, 25.7] and a DCR of 55.8% (95% CI: 50.0, 61.5). The overall incidence for grade ≥ 3 irAEs was 16.7% (95% CI: 11.8, 22.2). In the subgroup analysis, patients with renal cell carcinoma presented superior efficacy with an ORR of 30.9%, which was higher than that of melanoma (24.3%) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (10.1%). Patients who have been treated with single-agent ICIs, re-treatment with a combination of ICIs directing different targets presents better outcomes, with ORR of 22.5% and DCR of 38%, respectively, compared with those patients who continue to use a single agent.ConclusionPatients with advanced solid tumors who have relapsed or progressed after prior treatment with ICIs may benefit from ICIs rechallenge, with a comparable incidence of grade ≥ 3 irAEs to those previously treated with ICIs.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023407409.
Prognostic role of bone erosion in orbital RMS: a report from the European Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG)
Authors: Di Carlo Daniela , Fichera Giulia , Minard-Colin Veronique , Coppadoro Beatrice , Orbach Daniel , Cameron Alison , Albiac Ramos Monica , Ben Arush Myriam , Merks Johannes H. M. , Bisogno Gianni 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundOrbital rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is often limited to the orbital cavity and has a favorable prognosis. In some cases, the tumor can erode the orbital bone and behave as a parameningeal RMS (PM-RMS); thus, it is treated more intensively. However, the current protocols do not provide any guidance on how to consider different grades of bone erosion (BE) that can vary widely, hampering a uniform classification and the subsequent treatment assignment. With the aim of clarifying the role of BE as a risk factor, we analyzed patients with orbital RMS included in the European Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG) protocol.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the radiological reports of 199 patients with orbital RMS (PM or not) and defined three grades of BE: minimal (thinning of the bone), moderate (focal bone lysis), and extensive (complete cortical destruction).ResultsBE was present in 55 of the 199 (27.6%) patients, which was classified as minimal in 27, moderate in 7, and extensive in 21. Tumors with extensive BE were more frequently large (&gt;5 cm, p = 0.0008) and invasive (T2, p = 0.001). With a median follow-up of 70.4 months (range = 7.1–167.7), a total of 183 patients are alive, with 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of 76% (95%CI = 69.2–81.3) and 92% (95%CI = 86.7–94.8), respectively. Patients without any BE had better OS (95% vs. 81%, p = 0.001), but not EFS. Patients with no/minimal/moderate BE had better EFS and OS compared with patients with extensive BE [EFS of 78.1 (95%CI = 71.1–83.5) vs. 57.1 (95%CI = 33.8–74.9), p = 0.0114, respectively, and OS of 94.0 (95%CI = 89.2–96.8) vs. 71.1 (95%CI = 46.6–85.9), p &lt; 0.0001, respectively]. Events and metastatic relapses (in all cases CNS/meningeal) were more frequent in patients with extensive BE.ConclusionsOnly those patients with orbital RMS and extensive BE should be considered as PM and should be treated accordingly.
Association between anthropometric indices and hypertension: identifying optimal cutoff points for U.S. adults across different populations
Authors: Zhang Xueliang , Nie Yan , Li Dan , Zhou Chunhua 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis study compares the relationships between five anthropometric indices, a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and hypertension, assessing their predictive capacities. The aim is to determine the specific numerical changes in hypertension incidence, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for each increase in standard deviation of these indices, and to identify the optimal predictive indicators for different populations, including the calculation of cutoff values.MethodsThis study used data from the NHANES datasets spanning 2007 to 2018. Logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the associations between these anthropometric indices and hypertension, calculating β coefficients and odds ratios (ORs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the predictive ability of each index for hypertension.ResultsFor each increase in standard deviation in WC, BMI, WHtR, ABSI and BRI, the prevalence of hypertension increased by 33% (95% CI: 27%–40%), 32% (95% CI: 26%–38%), 35% (95% CI: 28%–42%), 9% (95% CI: 4%–16%) and 32% (95% CI: 26%–38%), respectively. The SBP correspondingly increased by 2.36 mmHg (95% CI: 2.16–2.56), 2.41 mmHg (95% CI: 2.21–2.60), 2.48 mmHg (95% CI: 2.28–2.68), 0.42 mmHg (95% CI: 0.19–0.66) and 2.46 mmHg (95% CI: 2.26–2.66), respectively. Similarly, DBP increased by 1.83 mmHg (95% CI: 1.68–1.98), 1.72 mmHg (95% CI: 1.58–1.87), 1.72 mmHg (95% CI: 1.57–1.88), 0.44 mmHg (95% CI: 0.27–0.62) and 1.64 mmHg (95% CI: 1.48–1.79). In the youth and middle-aged groups, WC had the best predictive ability, with AUCs of 0.749 and 0.603, respectively. Among the elderly group, the AUCs for all five indices ranged between 0.5 and 0.52.ConclusionIncreases in WC, BMI, WHtR and BRI are significantly associated with higher incidences of hypertension and increases in SBP and DBP, while the impact of ABSI on blood pressure is relatively weak. Stratified analysis indicates significant age-related differences in the predictive value of these indices, with the strongest associations observed in the youth group, followed by the middle age group, and the weakest in the elderly. WC demonstrates excellent predictive ability across youth populations.