bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of activation of KАTP channels on hydrogen sulfide induced renoprotective effect on diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Elbassuoni Eman A. , Аziz Neven M. , Habeeb Wagdу N. 
Published: November 2019

АbstrаctThis work aims to investigate the renal effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in the experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy, besides the role of activation of АТP‐sensitive potassium (KАTP) channel in that effect. Thirty‐two adult male albino rats randomly divided into four groups: Control, streptozotocin‐induced diabetic (diabetic nephropathy [DN]), DN+NaHS (the H2S inducer), and DN+NaHS+Glibenclamide (a selective KАTP channel blocker) groups. Results showed that kidney functions in the diabetic group improved by NaHS proved by the significant decrease in the measured renal injury markers when compared with the diabetic group with an obvious role of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the improved kidney functions produced by NaHS was reduced by the combination with Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide combination led also to a significant increase in renal total antioxidant capacity, in addition to a significant decrease in renal total nitric oxide (NO) level. Аccordingly, the results from the present work revealed that the renoprotective effects of H2S in the case of DN through its effects on renal tissue antioxidants and NO can be partially dependent on activation of KАTP channels, while its effect on renal tissue proinflammatory cytokines is independent of it.
Well‐quasi‐ordering and finite distinguishing number
Authors: Atminas Aistis , Brignall Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBalogh, Bollobás and Weinreich showed that a parameter that has since been termed the distinguishing number can be used to identify a jump in the possible speeds of hereditary classes of graphs at the sequence of Bell numbers. We prove that every hereditary class that lies above the Bell numbers and has finite distinguishing number contains a boundary class for well‐quasi‐ordering. This means that any such hereditary class which in addition is defined by finitely many minimal forbidden induced subgraphs must contain an infinite antichain. As all hereditary classes below the Bell numbers are well‐quasi‐ordered, our results complete the answer to the question of well‐quasi‐ordering for hereditary classes with finite distinguishing number. We also show that the decision procedure of Atminas, Collins, Foniok and Lozin to decide the Bell number (and which now also decides well‐quasi‐ordering for classes of finite distinguishing number) has runtime bounded by an explicit (quadruple exponential) function of the order of the largest minimal forbidden induced subgraph of the class.
Synthesis of 5‐oxo‐5H‐chromeno[3,4‐c]pyridine‐1‐carbonitriles and features of their NMR spectra
Authors: Shkoor Mohanad , Su Haw‐Lih , Ahmed Suzan , Hegazy Sarah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo different methods leading to 5‐oxo‐5H‐chromeno[3,4‐c]pyridine‐1‐carbonitriles were investigated. Reactions of 3‐aminocrotonirile with substituted salicylaldehydes provided 5‐oxo‐5H‐chromeno[3,4‐c]pyridine‐1‐carbonitriles with the same substituent on positions 2 and 4 of the system. The reaction of 3‐aminocrotonirile with variety of substituted 3‐acetylcoumarins lead to 5‐oxo‐5H‐chromeno[3,4‐c]pyridine‐1‐carbonitriles with different substituents on positions 2 and 4. The structures of the products were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. The presence of nitrile moiety in the structures with fixed geometry caused the highly downfield shift of the aromatic proton at position 10 in 1H NMR spectrum. The electronic factor of the substituents caused variation of this downfield shift.
HIV pretreatment drug resistance among cisgender MSM and transgender women from Lima, Peru
Authors: Trebelcock William L , Lama Javier R , Duerr Ann , Sanchez Hugo , Cabello Robinson , Gilada Trupti , Segura Patricia , Reisner Sari L , Mayer Kenneth H , Mullins James , Bender Ignacio Rachel A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionTransmitted, or any pretreatment drug resistance (TDR, PDR) can compromise efficacy of first‐line antiretroviral therapy (ART). In Peru, genotypic resistance testing is not routinely performed before ART initiation, and estimated PDR prevalence prior to 2012 ranged from 1.0% to 4.7%. We aimed to update estimates of PDR prevalence in men who have sex with men (cis‐MSM) and transgender women (TW).MethodsWe obtained HIV sequences from three studies of ART‐naïve cisgender‐MSM and TW (n = 470) in Lima, Peru from 2013 to 2017, almost two‐thirds of whom had acute or recent infections. Sanger sequences of HIV pol were interrogated for surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRM) using the Stanford Calibrated Population Resistance (CPR) tool and scored for resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) with the HIVdb programme. We calculated binomial proportions and 95% confidence intervals. χ2 and exact or trend tests were used to examine predictors of PDR.ResultsSeventy‐seven (16.4%) individuals had PDR (95% CI: 13.2 to 20.0); most resistance was likely TDR since 63% were incident infections. SDRM were present in 9.8% (7.3 to 12.9). Resistance to any NRTI was present in <1% of individuals, while efavirenz resistance was present in 10% (6.9% to 12.4%). TW were not statistically more likely than cis‐MSM to have PDR (11.4% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.54). Age, incident versus prevalent infection, or residence district did not predict PDR. Prevalence of SDRM increased from 3% in 2013 to 21% 2017 within incident infections (p = 0.04), but not when including prevalent infections.ConclusionsPrevalence of NNRTI resistance in three studies of ART‐naïve MSM and TW in Lima, Peru reaches 10%. Because our study reports PDR in a population in which most acquired HIV recently, the overall prevalence of PDR, including previously treated persons, is likely underestimated. These results underscore the need for a nationally representative survey of PDR in Peru and consideration of non‐NNRTI anchored first‐line ART options. This study also represents the first evaluation of PDR in cis‐MSM versus TW in South America, and demonstrates that, although TW are at higher risk of acquiring HIV, they are at similar risk of acquiring a virus with resistance mutations.
Lymph node regression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A predictor of survival in gastric cancer
Authors: Pereira Marina Alessandra , Ramos Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille , Dias Andre Roncon , Cardili Leonardo , Ribeiro Renan Ribeiro e , Charruf Amir Zeide , de Castria Tiago Biachi , Zilberstein Bruno , Ceconello Ivan , Avancini Ferreira Alves Venancio , Ribeiro Ulysses , de Mello Evandro Sobroza 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCMT) has been increasingly used in advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the prognostic impact of tumor response remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate if tumor response at the primary site and lymph nodes (LN) correlate with survival in GC patients after nCMT.MethodsPatients with gastric adenocarcinoma treated with nCMT followed by gastrectomy were evaluated. Residual tumor was graded from 0% to 100%, defining two groups: poor (PR) and major response (MR). LN regression rate (LNRR) was determined based on tumor/fibrosis examination at each LN and a cutoff value established by receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsAmong 62 cases, 20 (32.2%) had MR and 42 (67.7%) PR. Smaller size, diffuse histology, lower ypT status and less advanced stage were associated with the MR group. Based on cutoff value of 57, 45.6% and 54.4% patients were classified as low‐LNRR and high‐LNRR. High‐LNRR correlated with absence of venous, lymphatic and perineural invasion, and less advanced stage. Survival was equivalent between MR and PR (P = .956). High‐LNRR had better disease‐free survival (DFS) than low‐LNRR (P < .001). In multivariate analysis, only LNRR associated with DFS.ConclusionHigh‐LNRR associates with DFS in GC treated with nCMT. Response at the primary site does not correlate with survival.
Risk assessment of hypertension in carotid body surgeries: A NSQIP analysis
Authors: Siddiqui Emaad , Shah Aakash , Para Ashok , Baredes Soly , Park Richard Chan Woo 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesCarotid body tumors (CBT) are rare paragangliomas of the carotid body at the carotid bifurcation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hypertension on outcomes in carotid body tumor surgery.Study DesignA retrospective database review.MethodsData on carotid body resections performed from 2005 to 2014 were drawn from the American College of Surgeons’ National Surgical Quality Improvement database. Two groups were created based on the presence of preoperative hypertension. These groups were analyzed for demographics, comorbidities, and postoperative complications using bivariate and multivariate methods.ResultsOf the 452 patients included in the analysis, 49.3% had hypertension. Those with hypertension were significantly more likely to have additional comorbidities, which were controlled for by multivariate analysis to focus on hypertension. These hypertensive patients also had significantly longer hospital stays. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with hypertension undergoing carotid body resections had increased risk for overall medical complications but did not have increased risk for postoperative surgical complications or specific medical complicationsConclusionThis statistically robust study revealed that hypertension does not independently increase a patient's risk for specific postoperative surgical complications following a carotid body tumor resection. However, hypertension increases the risk for postoperative medical complications and longer hospital stays. It is notable that almost half of all CBT patients have hypertension, and these hypertensives patients are significantly more likely to carry additional comorbid conditions that may have an adverse effect on outcomes including overall medical complications.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130: 2008–2012, 2020
Clinical characteristics and treatment‐associated survival of head and neck Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Torabi Sina J. , Izreig Said , Kasle David A. , Benchetrit Liliya , Salehi Parsa P. , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesEwing sarcoma of the head and neck (ESHN) is a rare malignancy for which limited data exists. Herein we examine anatomic distribution of ESHN, demographic characteristics, and multi‐modal therapy as potential determinants in the overall survival (OS) of patients with ESHN.MethodsA retrospective study of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004–2016 was performed. A multivariate Cox regression and univariate Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses were conducted.ResultsWe identified 284 patients with ESHN eligible for demographic analysis and 223 for survival analysis. Approximately half (50.3%) of patients with ESHN were under the age of 18. Pediatric patients (<18) were less likely to present with distant metastases (≤8.0% vs. 9.5–19.0%, P = .006) and more likely to present with osseous disease (90.2% vs. 75.2%, P = .001) than adults. Adult age (HR: 2.727, 95% CI, 1.381–5.384, P = .004) and distant metastatic disease at the time of presentation (HR: 8.161, 95% CI, 2.922–22.790, P < .001) were independently associated with worse OS. The addition of local therapy (either surgery, radiotherapy, or both) to chemotherapy was not associated with improved survival when compared to treatment with chemotherapy alone.ConclusionPredictors of OS in patients with ESHN included age < 18 years and non‐metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Tumor site of origin (osseous vs. extraosseous primary) or the addition of local therapy to chemotherapy had no impact on OS. Our analysis suggests that chemotherapy serves as the primary modality in treating ESHN, while further study of this rare malignancy is required to discern the utility of combined systemic and local therapy. Laryngoscope, 130:2385–2392, 2020
“Social credit effect” in a sharing economy: A theory of mind and prisoner's dilemma game theory perspective on the two‐way review and rating system
Authors: Moriuchi Emi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUsing random samples, we conducted three studies to explore the relationships among interpersonal mentalizing in predicting future sharing economy service usage. The primary focus of this research was to examine Uber passengers' theory of mind in a broader theoretical base of human abilities. The results confirm the dimensions of interpersonal mentalizing such as their experience with the sharing economy service and their current star ratings from the Uber driver. In addition, this study confirms that the dimensions of interpersonal mentalizing are dependent on the situation and the ratings they received from the Uber driver. In extreme rating situations (1‐star rating), interpersonal dimensions did not have an effect on their negative beliefs about the two‐way evaluation system. However, with moderate (3‐star) and high ratings (4.75 and above star rating), the interpersonal dimensions such as nonverbal cues and the ability to shape behaviors and interactions serve as determinants of Uber passengers' belief in the evaluation system, which then leads to their future usage of the sharing economy services. In sum, these findings shed light on the complementary role of the autonomous abilities of Uber passengers to improve their star ratings, which then leads to their future usage of sharing economy services.
Skeletal stem cell-mediated suppression on inflammatory osteoclastogenesis occurs via concerted action of cell adhesion molecules and osteoprotegerin
Authors: Li Xin , Ding Li , Wang Yu-Xing , Li Zhong-Li , Wang Qian , Zhao Zhi-Dong , Zhao Sen , Wang Hua , Wu Chu-Tse , Mao Ning , Zhu Heng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the current study, we investigated how skeletal stem cells (SSCs) modulate inflammatory osteoclast (OC) formation and bone resorption. Notably, we found that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) play a synergistic role in SSC-mediated suppression of inflammatory osteoclastogenesis. The effect of SSCs on inflammatory osteoclastogenesis was investigated using a lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse osteolysis model in vivo and human osteoarthritis synovial fluid (OASF) in vitro. OC formation was determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Bone resorption was evaluated by microcomputerized tomography, serum C-terminal telopeptide assay, and pit formation assay. The expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and OPG in SSCs and their contribution to the suppression of osteoclastogenesis were determined by flow cytometry or enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Gene modification, neutralization antibodies, and tumor necrosis factor-α knockout mice were used to further explore the mechanism. The results demonstrated that SSCs remarkably inhibited inflammatory osteoclastogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, inflammatory OASF stimulated ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression as well as OPG secretion by SSCs. In addition, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 recruited CD11b+ OC progenitors to proximity with SSCs, which strengthened the inhibitory effects of SSC-derived OPG on osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, it was revealed that tumor necrosis factor α is closely involved in the suppressive effects. In summary, SSCs express a higher level of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and produce more OPG in inflammatory microenvironments, which are sufficient to inhibit osteoclastogenesis in a “capture and educate” manner. These results may represent a synergistic mechanism to prevent bone erosion during joint inflammation by SSCs.

Significance Statement Skeletal stem cells (SSCs), tissue-specific stem cells from the skeleton, have been highlighted in recent scientific research and translational medicine. Although SSCs have been shown to contribute to skeletal development and regeneration, the regulation in osteoclastogenesis, the bone remodeling, and the application potential of SSCs in inflammatory bone diseases are incompletely understood. This study indicates a population of murine long-bone-derived SSCs have the potential to induce the expression of OPG, as well as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 under inflammatory microenvironments and suppressed inflammatory osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vivo and in vitro. These findings indicate the possibility of using SSCs to alleviate bone loss in diseases.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Co2NiO4/Ti3C2Tx Structures through Coupled Synergistic Effects
Authors: Song Jianrong , Hu Pengfei , Liu Ying , Song Weixing , Wu Xiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, Co2NiO4/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composites as efficient electrode materials for supercapacitors are successfully synthesized by a facile one‐pot hydrothermal route. The as‐prepared products deliver a capacitance of 719.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and keep 83.1% of initial capacitance after 10000 cycles, revealing the remarkable electrochemical performance compared with other two single electrodes. An asymmetric supercapacitor is fabricated, which presents an energy density of 49.74 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 2752.21 W kg−1, demonstrating that the products can be potential candidates in high performance energy storage devices.
Construction of Urchin‐Like ZnO/TiO2 Direct Z‐Scheme System to Improve Charge Separation
Authors: Zhou Yi , Tan Yawen , Xiang Ye , Zhu Jie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Z‐scheme system urchin‐like ZnO/TiO2 composite superstructure material was successfully prepared via a facile hydrothermal method for the first time. SEM showed that the amount of ammonia can affect the morphology of ZnO. By controlled the addition amount of Ti(SO4)2, reaction time and temperature, the photocatalytic activity of urchin‐like ZnO/TiO2(UZT‐4(10.4‐150‐12)) composite was the highest. The photocatalytic degradation rate of rhodamine B was 95.5%, and the rate constant was 0.0141 min−1, which was 3.59 times than urchin‐like ZnO. XPS measurements confirmed that there is a Z‐scheme heterojunction between urchin‐like ZnO and TiO2. The improvement of photocatalytic degradation RhB activity should be attributed to a direct Z‐scheme system, which not only can increase the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs but also possesses excellent oxidation and reduction ability for high photocatalytic performances.
Razor-type dermatomes enable quick and thin vaginal dissection with less bleeding in colpocleisis
Authors: Kato Kumiko , Hayashi Yuji , Adachi Mami , Ando Ryota , Kawanishi Hideji , Matsui Hirotaka , Kato Takashi , Hirabayashi Hiroki , Suzuki Shoji , Hattori Ryohei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Although colpocleisis is a low-invasive surgical option to treat pelvic organ prolapse, it sometimes involves a long operative time with substantial bleeding. To streamline the vaginal dissection process in colpoclesis, we introduced the usage of dermatomes.

Methods
All patients were sexually inactive women with post-hysterectomy prolapse. Data of the dermatome group were retrospectively compared with those of the historical control group based on operative features, perioperative complications and pathology of dissected tissue. In the dermatome group, 34 women underwent total colpocleisis with vaginal dissection using dermatomes; 4 were done mainly with electric dermatomes, and 30 were done with razor-type dermatomes. In the control group, 20 women underwent total colpocleisis with vaginal dissection using Metzenbaum scissors.

Results
Using dermatomes in vaginal dissection was helpful to shorten total operative time (including perineoplasty) by one third from 76 to 51 min, to shorten the time of colpocleisis by half, from 62 to 32 min, and to reduce intraoperative bleeding by 76%, from 62 to 15 ml. In addition, none in the dermatome group and 2/20 patients in the control group had unintended peritoneal opening. Dissection with scissors removed not only the epithelium and submucosal layer but also the muscle layer. This was minimized with razor-type dermatomes and never occurred with electric dermatomes. Whereas electric dermatomes are difficult to get accustomed to and are expensive, razor-type dermatomes enable thinner dissection compared with scissors, are easy to handle and are inexpensive.

Conclusions
Razor-type dermatomes enable quick and thin vaginal dissection with less bleeding. Therefore, they can be recommended as a practical tool for colpocleisis, a prolapse operation mainly for frail elderly patients.
Correction to: Preclinical assessment of transiently TCR redirected T cells for solid tumour immunotherapy
Authors: Mensali Nadia , Myhre Marit Renée , Dillard Pierre , Pollmann Sylvie , Gaudernack Gustav , Kvalheim Gunnar , Wälchli Sébastien , Inderberg Else Marit 
Published: November 2019

The original version of this article unfortunately included a mistake in Fig. 2b where the images of mice in the tumour control group (right), day 30 (bottom) should be removed as the wrong images (duplicate of day 17) were inserted by mistake. At this time point the tumour control mice were no longer alive and the images were replaced by black areas.
Changes in intestinal microflora in digestive tract diseases during pregnancy
Authors: Jin Min , Li Dong , Ji Rui , Liu Wen , Xu Xiaofei , Li Yanqing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome composition in pregnant women with digestive diseases to analyze the relationships between the microflora changes and digestive diseases during pregnancy.

Methods
Fecal samples obtained from 71 pregnant women [six acute fatty liver (AF group), 21 constipation (C group), 24 excessive vomiting (V group) and 20 normal pregnancy (CP group)] and 26 non-pregnant (NP group) women were subjected to 16 s rRNA sequencing. Differential analysis of intestinal flora at the genera level was performed.

Results
The relative abundance of Coprobacillus, Acinetobacter, Enterococcus, Weissella and Lysinibacillus was increased in the digestive diseases (AF, C and V) groups compared with CP group, whereas that of five common genera, including Terrisporobacter, Dysgonomonas, Adlercreutzia, Fusicatenibacter and Blautia, was decreased in digestive diseases groups. Additionally, in digestive diseases (AF, C and V) groups, the abundance of 13 common genera, such as Carnobacterium, Coprobacillus and Psychrobacter, was higher than NP group, whereas that of 27 common genera, such as Blautia and Terrisporobacter, was lower than NP group. About 69 genera were differentially abundant between AF and C groups; two genera (Aerococcus and Senegalimassilia) were identified between AF and V groups; moreover, total 63 genera were obtained between C and V groups.

Conclusion
Our data revealed that the abundance of Acinetobacter, Enterococci, Paenibacillus, Blautia and Collinsella might be associated with the digestive diseases during pregnancy. These findings further supported the idea that targeting the gut microbiota could be a new prevention or therapeutic approach for improving digestive diseases during pregnancy.