bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended hepatic metastasectomy for renal cell carcinoma—new aspects in times of targeted therapy: a single-center experience over three decades
Authors: Beetz Oliver , Söffker Rabea , Cammann Sebastian , Oldhafer Felix , Vondran Florian W. R. , Imkamp Florian , Klempnauer Jürgen , Kleine Moritz 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the introduction of novel targeted therapies on patients with renal cell carcinoma, syn- and metachronous metastases (including hepatic lesions) are observed frequently and significantly influence patient survival. With introduction of targeted therapies as an effective alternative to surgery, therapeutical strategies in stage IV disease must be reevaluated.

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of 40 patients undergoing hepatic resection of histologically confirmed RCC metastases at our institution between April 1993 and April 2017.

Results
The interval between nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma and hepatic metastasectomy was 44.0 months (3.3–278.5). Liver resections of different extents were performed, including multivisceral resections. The median follow-up was 37.8 months (0.5–286.5). Tumor recurrence after resection of hepatic metastases occurred in 19 patients resulting in a median disease-free survival of 16.2 months (0.7–265.1) and a median overall survival of 37.8 months (0.5–286.5). Multivariable analysis identified multivisceral resection as an independent risk factor for disease-free and overall survival (p = 0.043 and p = 0.001, respectively). A longer interval between nephrectomy and hepatic metastasectomy was identified as an independent significant protective factor for overall survival (p < 0.001). Patients undergoing metastasectomy after introduction of sunitinib in Europe in 2006 (n = 15) showed a significantly longer overall survival (45.2 (9.1–111.0) versus 27.5 (0.5–286.52) months in the preceding era; p = 0.038).

Conclusion
Hepatic metastasectomy, including major and extended resections, on patients with metastasized renal cell carcinoma can be performed safely and may facilitate long-term survival. Due to significant morbidity and increased mortality, multivisceral resections must be weighed against other options, such as targeted therapy.
The proton pump inhibitor, lansoprazole, prevents the development of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: an experimental and prospective clinical trial
Authors: Kosukegawa Ima , Okazaki Shunichiro , Yamamoto Motohisa , Nagoya Satoshi , Suzuki Chisako , Shimizu Junya , Takahashi Hiroki , Yamashita Toshihiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn effective prevention strategy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) has yet to be established. We previously reported that the innate immune system via the toll-like receptor (TLR) response induced by corticosteroids leads to the development of ONFH and that repression of IRF7 activity by an inhibitor could interfere with the development of ONFH while maintaining the therapeutic effect of the corticosteroids.ObjectiveIn the present study, we hypothesize that lansoprazole has the potential to suppress IRF7 activity and prevent corticosteroid-induced ONFH in rats. Furthermore, we conducted a preliminary clinical trial to prevent corticosteroid-induced ONFH in autoimmune disease patients.MethodsMale Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. On Day 1, each rat was injected with TLR4 ligand (LPS) or TLR7 ligand (imiquimod), followed by methylprednisolone with or without lansoprazole on Day 2. They were killed at 1 or 14 days after the last injection.We prospectively recruited 30 patients requiring primary high-dose corticosteroid treatment for immune diseases. All patients were administered lansoprazole, starting the night before corticosteroid treatment began. MRI was performed before corticosteroid treatment, and at 4, 12 and 24 weeks afterward.ResultsIn rats, co-treatment of lansoprazole with corticosteroids significantly repressed both IRF7 activity and the development of ONFH. Moreover, in the human patients, the incidence of ONFH was significantly decreased from 53.4 to 13.3%.ConclusionsAlthough the present study is preliminary, the results show that co-treatment of lansoprazole with corticosteroids prevents ONFH development. Lansoprazole may be both safe and effective in preventing osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients needing corticosteroid treatment.
Esophagectomy performed at institutes certified by the Japan Esophageal Society provide long-term survival advantages to esophageal cancer patients: second report analyzing 4897 cases with propensity score matching
Authors: Motoyama Satoru , Maeda Eri , Yano Masahiko , Yasuda Takushi , Ohira Masaichi , Kajiyama Yoshiaki , Higashi Takahiro , Doki Yuichiro , Matsubara Hisahiro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
It will be important for the Japan Esophageal Society (JES) to show an evident advantage of its institution certification system. To achieve this essential task, we used nationally acquired big data to re-analyze 5-year survival information.

Methods
In 2008–2009, there were 4897 thoracic esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy and were registered in the National Database of Hospital-based Cancer Registries. We divided these patients into two groups, those who underwent surgery at an Authorized Institute for Board Certified Esophageal Surgeons (AIBCES) or a Non-AIBCES. We then compared the patient backgrounds and 5-year survival rates between these two groups, with and without propensity score matching.

Results
There were 3080 (63%) patients who underwent esophagectomy at an AIBCES and 1817 (37%) who underwent surgery at a Non-AIBCES. Comparison of the Kaplan–Meier survival curves using log-rank tests indicated a significant difference between the AIBCES and Non-AIBCES groups at all cStages (cStages I–IV). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis stratified by clinical stage and adjuvant treatment revealed that AIBCES vs. Non-AIBCES is a significant independent factor (adjusted HR 0.78) for survival. After propensity score matching ensuring the backgrounds of the two groups being equivalent, there were significant differences in the 5-year survival rates for patients with cStages I–III disease between the AIBCES and Non-AIBCES groups.

Conclusions
There is a survival advantage to undergoing esophagectomy at an AIBCES. The institute certification system from the JES will contribute to the future establishment of a more appropriate surgery delivery system for thoracic esophageal cancer.
A fully differential capacitively-coupled high CMRR low-power chopper amplifier for EEG dry electrodes
Authors: Habibzadeh Tonekabony Shad Erwin , Molinas Marta , Ytterdal Trond 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe use of dry electrodes is increasing rapidly. Since their impedance is high, there is a high impedance node at the connecting node between the electrode and amplifier. This leads to absorb powerline signal and high CMRR amplifiers are essential to eliminate this. In this article, we propose a low-power low-noise chopper-stabilized amplifier with high CMRR. In order to minimise the input-referred noise, an inverter-based differential amplifier is utilized. Meanwhile, a DC servo loop is designed to reject the DC offset of the electrode. Since all of the stages required a common-mode feedback, for each of the amplifiers a suitable circuit was used. Furthermore, a chopping spike filter is implemented at the final stage to attenuate the choppers’ spike. Finally, to eliminate the offset effect from the mismatch and post-layout, a DC offset rejection technique is used. The designed circuit is simulated in a standard 180 nm CMOS technology. The designed chopper amplifier consumes just 1.1 $$\upmu \hbox {W}$$μW at a 1.2 $$\hbox {V}$$V supply. The mid-band gain is 40 dB while the bandwidth is from 0.5 to 200 Hz. The total input-referred noise is 1 $$\upmu \hbox {V}_{\mathrm{rms}}$$μVrms in its bandwidth. Thus the NEF and PEF of the designed circuit is 2.7 and 9.7, respectively. In order to analyse the performance of the proposed chopper amplifier against process and mismatch variation, Monte Carlo simulation is done. According to 200 Monte Carlo simulations, CMRR and PSRR are 124 dB with 6.9 dB standard deviation and 107 dB with 7.7 standard deviation, respectively. Ultimately, the total area consumption is 0.1 $$\hbox {mm}^2$$mm2 without pads.
The effect of modeling choices on updating intensity-duration-frequency curves and stormwater infrastructure designs for climate change
Authors: Cook Lauren M. , McGinnis Seth , Samaras Constantine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves, commonly used in stormwater infrastructure design to represent characteristics of extreme rainfall, are gradually being updated to reflect expected changes in rainfall under climate change. The modeling choices used for updating lead to large uncertainties; however, it is unclear how much these uncertainties affect the design and cost of stormwater systems. This study investigates how the choice of spatial resolution of the regional climate model (RCM) ensemble and the spatial adjustment technique affect climate-corrected IDF curves and resulting stormwater infrastructure designs in 34 US cities for the period 2020 to 2099. In most cities, IDF values are significantly different between three spatial adjustment techniques and two RCM spatial resolutions. These differences have the potential to alter the size of stormwater systems designed using these choices and affect the results of climate impact modeling more broadly. The largest change in the engineering decision results when the design storm is selected from the upper bounds of the uncertainty distribution of the IDF curve, which changes the stormwater pipe design size by five increments in some cases, nearly doubling the cost. State and local agencies can help reduce some of this variability by setting guidelines, such as avoiding the use of the upper bound of the future uncertainty range as a design storm and instead accounting for uncertainty by tracking infrastructure performance over time and preparing for adaptation using a resilience plan.
Genomic predictions for Fusarium head blight resistance in a diverse durum wheat panel: an effective incorporation of plant height and heading date as covariates
Authors: Moreno-Amores Jose , Michel Sebastian , Miedaner Thomas , Longin C. Friedrich H. , Buerstmayr Hermann 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSelection for multiple traits is a highly challenging task for breeders due to potential unfavorable associations between characters. Fusarium head blight FHB, being one of the most relevant diseases affecting durum wheat frequently shows in this respect an unfavorable correlation with morpho-agronomical traits like plant height (PH) and heading date (HD). In this study, we used a cross-validation scheme to assess the prediction ability of the genomic predictions (GP) for FHB severity relying on genomic best linear unbiased prediction models in a diverse panel of 178 durum wheat lines evaluated across five environments. Additionally, we compared three types of approaches to include HD and PH as covariates into the analysis: (1) correcting FHB severity values before training GP models, (2) tuning the GP model parameters that included multi-trait alternatives, and (3) adjusting the genomic-based predictions by restriction indexes. Models that weighted genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) by restriction indexes as well as models that predicted FHBms values corrected by regression-based methods were efficient alternatives in diminishing the HD trade-off, nonetheless they were also associated with large reductions in prediction ability for FHB severity. After a simulated round of genomic selection, considering HD as fixed effect in the GP model were the most suitable alternative to select a higher proportion of genotypes moderately resistant with lower-than-average HD and PH estimations. Hence, an appropriate GP model given unfavorable association between characters should combine high predictabilities and adequate reduction of undesired trade-offs.
Computing valuation adjustments for counterparty credit risk using a modified supervisory approach
Authors: Büchel Patrick , Kratochwil Michael , Rösch Daniel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConsidering counterparty credit risk (CCR) for derivatives using valuation adjustments (CVA) is a fundamental and challenging task for entities involved in derivative trading activities. Particularly calculating the expected exposure is time consuming and complex. This paper suggests a fast and simple semi-analytical approach for exposure calculation, which is a modified version of the new regulatory standardized approach (SA-CCR). Hence, it conforms with supervisory rules and IFRS 13. We show that our approach is applicable to multiple asset classes and derivative products, and to single transactions as well as netting sets.
Young students posing problem-solving tasks: what does posing a similar task imply to students?
Authors: Palmér Hanna , van Bommel Jorryt 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper focuses on problem solving and problem posing in mathematics education with 6-year-olds. After working on a problem-solving activity, the young students were asked to pose a similar task to a friend. This article explores how the students interpret the notion of similar. To be able to pose a problem-solving task themselves the students had to change perspective, from searching for information to providing information, and from searching for a solution to searching for a question. Also, to create a similar task the students had to reflect on the original problem-solving task. Thus, their posed tasks shed light on their interpretation of what the original problem-solving task was really about. The results show that the large majority of the students included some three-dimensional aspects from the original problem-solving task in their posed tasks. However, the questions they posed varied in terms of whether or not they included mathematical elements.
Impact of flight altitude and cover orientation on Digital Surface Model (DSM) accuracy for flood damage assessment in Murcia (Spain) using a fixed-wing UAV
Authors: Anders Niels , Smith Mike , Suomalainen Juha , Cammeraat Erik , Valente João , Keesstra Saskia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSoil erosion, rapid geomorphological change and vegetation degradation are major threats to the human and natural environment. Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) can be used as tools to provide detailed and accurate estimations of landscape change. The effect of flight strategy on the accuracy of UAS image data products, typically a digital surface model (DSM) and orthophoto, is unknown. Herein different flying altitudes (126-235 m) and area coverage orientations (N-S and SW-NE) are assessed in a semi-arid and medium-relief area where terraced and abandoned agricultural fields are heavily damaged by piping and gully erosion. The assessment was with respect to cell size, vertical and horizontal accuracy, absolute difference of DSM, and registration of recognizable landscape features. The results show increasing cell size (5-9 cm) with increasing altitude, and differences between elevation values (10-20 cm) for different flight directions. Vertical accuracy ranged 4-7 cm but showed no clear relationship with flight strategy, whilst horizontal error was stable (2-4 cm) for the different orthophotos. In all data sets, geomorphological features such as piping channels, rills and gullies and vegetation patches could be labeled by a technician. Finally, the datasets have been released in a public repository.
Clinical and Advanced MRI Techniques for Detection of Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Myocarditis
Authors: Arbune Amit , Soufer Aaron , Baldassarre Lauren A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), cancer treatment has been revolutionized; however, these agents are associated with immune-related adverse events, including myocarditis, which ranges from mild to fulminant in severity. Currently, there are no established guidelines in diagnosing ICI-associated myocarditis, and the gold standard test for diagnosis of myocarditis in general is invasive endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a noninvasive test with the advantage of providing structural, functional and tissue characterization information. Additionally, it provides high spatial and temporal resolution without exposure to ionizing radiation, iodinated contrast, or radioactive isotopes.Recent FindingsWith an increasing number of reported cases of ICI associated myocarditis, understanding of the disease process and associated CMR findings is growing. Diagnostic testing with cardiac biomarkers, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram can be nonspecific and EMB can have sampling errors. CMR as a diagnostic tool can provide functional assessment of biventricular ejection fraction, myocardial strain, tissue characterization of myocardial edema and inflammation as well as fibrosis. Furthermore, with advanced parametric mapping techniques, CMR provides even more sensitive and quantitative information about myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, including measurements of extracellular volume.SummaryICI-associated myocarditis is a serious immune adverse event, and CMR plays a vital role in establishing its diagnosis, providing prognostic information, and has the potential for use as a tool for screening and serial monitoring in patients exposed to ICIs.
Genetic analysis of male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian paternal lineages of the conquering Hungarian tribes
Authors: Fóthi Erzsébet , Gonzalez Angéla , Fehér Tibor , Gugora Ariana , Fóthi Ábel , Biró Orsolya , Keyser Christine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAccording to historical sources, ancient Hungarians were made up of seven allied tribes and the fragmented tribes that split off from the Khazars, and they arrived from the Eastern European steppes to conquer the Carpathian Basin at the end of the ninth century AD. Differentiating between the tribes is not possible based on archaeology or history, because the Hungarian Conqueror artifacts show uniformity in attire, weaponry, and warcraft. We used Y-STR and SNP analyses on male Hungarian Conqueror remains to determine the genetic source, composition of tribes, and kin of ancient Hungarians. The 19 male individuals paternally belong to 16 independent haplotypes and 7 haplogroups (C2, G2a, I2, J1, N3a, R1a, and R1b). The presence of the N3a haplogroup is interesting because it rarely appears among modern Hungarians (unlike in other Finno-Ugric-speaking peoples) but was found in 37.5% of the Hungarian Conquerors. This suggests that a part of the ancient Hungarians was of Ugric descent and that a significant portion spoke Hungarian. We compared our results with public databases and discovered that the Hungarian Conquerors originated from three distant territories of the Eurasian steppes, where different ethnicities joined them: Lake Baikal-Altai Mountains (Huns/Turkic peoples), Western Siberia-Southern Urals (Finno-Ugric peoples), and the Black Sea-Northern Caucasus (Caucasian and Eastern European peoples). As such, the ancient Hungarians conquered their homeland as an alliance of tribes, and they were the genetic relatives of Asiatic Huns, Finno-Ugric peoples, Caucasian peoples, and Slavs from the Eastern European steppes.
Don’t forget the flies: dipteran diversity and its consequences for floral ecology and evolution
Authors: Raguso Robert A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe attention of the global pollination community has been drawn to food safety and other ecosystem services provided by pollinators, in light of decline in social bee populations. Despite intensified research on bees, recent studies have revealed important contributions of flies to pollination success, reproductive isolation and floral diversification. Diptera is a highly diverse insect order, comprising over 125,000 described species in 110 families and representing a broad spectrum of ecological niches beyond the well-known agricultural pests and blood-feeding vectors of human and animal diseases. Flies are most appreciated as generalized pollinators in alpine habitats (anthomyiids and tachinids) and as specialized pollinators in brood-site deceptive plants that mimic fungi (drosophilids), feces (muscids) or carrion (sarcophagids and calliphorids). Syrphid and bombyliid flies visit many of the same flowers as bees and butterflies do, but with different impacts on plant fitness. Guilds of South African plants have evolved specialized relationships with long-tongued nemestrinid and tabanid flies, thanks to geographic isolation and climatic stability. Studies in Japan highlight the evolution of another plant guild, pollinated by sciarid and mycetophilid fungus gnats, whereas Zygothrica flies (Drosophilidae) pollinate mushroom-like Dracula orchids in Andean cloud forests.
Superforms, supercurrents, minimal manifolds and Riemannian geometry
Authors: Berndtsson Bo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSupercurrents, as introduced by Lagerberg, were mainly motivated as a way to study tropical varieties. Here we will associate a supercurrent to any smooth submanifold of $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$Rn. Positive supercurrents resemble positive currents in complex analysis, but depend on a choice of scalar product on $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$Rn and reflect the induced Riemannian structure on the submanifold. In this way we can use techniques from complex analysis to study real submanifolds. We illustrate the idea by giving area estimates of minimal manifolds and a monotonicity property of the mean curvature flow. We also use the formalism to give a relatively short proof of Weyl’s tube formula.
“Against Shameless and Systematic Calumny”: Strategies of Domination and Resistance and Their Impact on the Bodies of the Poor in Nineteenth-Century Ireland
Authors: Geber Jonny , O’Donnabhain Barra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMid-Victorian British characterizations of Ireland and much of its population blamed race and “moral character” for the widespread poverty on the island. The Irish poor were portrayed as a “race apart” whose inherent failings were at least partly to blame for the mortality they suffered during the Great Famine of 1845–1852. Recent excavations at Kilkenny workhouse and Spike Island convict prison have produced skeletal assemblages from this critical period. These collections have enabled bioarchaeological analysis of parameters mentioned by the Victorians as indicative of the distinctiveness of the Irish poor: stature, interpersonal violence, and tobacco use. Bioarchaeological data indicate that the differences between Irish and British populations in stature and risk of violence were exaggerated. Such characterizations, we argue, were part of a strategy of “Othering” that served to legitimize colonial domination. This exertion of power did not go uncontested, as the pattern of tobacco use may be indicative of forms of passive resistance.