bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ БАКАЛАВРІВ ЗА СПЕЦІАЛЬНІСТЮ «ГРОМАДСЬКЕ ЗДОРОВʼЯ» З ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «ОСНОВИ ГІГІЄНИ ХАРЧУВАННЯ» В СУМСЬКОМУ ДЕРЖАВНОМУ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ
Authors: Kasyanchuk V. V. , Bergilevich O. M. , Smiyanova O. Y. 
Published: November 2019

Мета: провести аналіз існуючої інформації в наукових виданнях щодо фахової підготовки бакалаврів за спеціальністю «Громадське здоров’я» з дисципліни «Основи гігієни харчування» для підтвердження актуальності питання та вдосконалення навчального процесу.
Матеріали і методи. Використано бібліографічний, соціологічний та аналітичний методи.
Результати. Дисципліна «Основи гігієни харчування», яку традиційно викладають у медичних закладах, потребує вдосконалення з урахуванням сучасних світових тенденцій. Це пов’язано з тим, що суспільство сьогодні стикається з більш складною ситуацією у харчуванні населення, ніж у ХХ столітті, коли основні зусилля були спрямовані на збільшення виробництва та якість продуктів. Але на сьогодні відбувається кардинальне переосмислення попередніх тенденцій щодо спрямування їх на комплекс заходів, які включають: запобігання захворюванням, пов’язаним із недостатнім або надмірним споживанням їжі; врахування усього ланцюга виробництва харчових продуктів «від поля до столу»; вирішення екологічних проблем; сприяння сталості середовища та життєдіяльності населення. Промислові викиди харчових виробництв та аграрного сектору вважають одними із основних екологічно шкідливих чинників, вони забруднюють воду, ґрунт, повітря та є суттєвим джерелом викидів вуглекислого газу в атмосферу. Все це негативно впливає на здоров’я населення. Харчові системи повинні діяти протягом усього ланцюга «від поля до столу» з екологічними обмеженнями, щоб зменшити негативний вплив на здоров’я населення та на екологію біосфери. Вирішувати ці питання потрібно у міждисциплінарному та міжсекторальному контексті. Важливо, щоб сучасна підготовка бакалаврів за спеціальністю «Громадське здоров’я» ґрунтувалась на вдосконаленій дисципліні «Основи гігієни харчування» з формуванням комплексних знань щодо гігієни харчування, екології, стійкості харчової системи та безпечності харчових продуктів вздовж усього харчового ланцюга.
Висновки. Підготовку бакалаврів за спеціальністю «Громадське здоров’я» у Сумському державному університеті з дисципліни «Основи гігієни харчування» удосконалено з урахуванням міжнародного досвіду в цій галузі. Розроблено навчальну програму з цієї дисципліни на міждисциплінарній основі шляхом інтеграції екологічних та інших суміжних наук із науками про харчування.
A new forest dwelling button spider from South Africa (Araneae, Theridiidae, Latrodectus)
Authors: WRIGHT B.M.O.G. , WRIGHT C. D. , SOLE C.L. , LYLE R. , TIPPETT R. , SHOLTO-DOUGLAS C. , VERBURGT L. , ENGELBRECHT I. 
Published: November 2019

The medically important spider genus Latrodectus Walckenaer 1805, commonly referred to as “button spiders” in South Africa, is represented by six species in the country. Using morphology and the COI barcoding gene we describe a new forest dwelling species, Latrodectus umbukwane n. sp. Wright, Wright, Lyle and Engelbrecht. Females have red markings on both the ventral and posterior dorsal surfaces of the abdomen, parallel spermathecae and three loops of the copulatory ducts. Males have an embolus with four loops and diagnostic white markings on the ventral surface of the abdomen that darken with age. Egg sacs are smooth, large, and bright purple when freshly laid, turning shiny grey with time. Latrodectus umbukwane n. sp. is known only from sand forest vegetation types in northern Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A predicted geographic distribution for this species is provided based on cartographic mapping of known habitat and altitudinal preference, from which area of occupancy (AOO; 698 km2) and extent of occurrence (EOO; 4963 km2) were calculated to assess potential IUCN Red List status. Due to the uncertainty of the distribution of this species, a Red List status of Data Deficient (DD) is recommended. An updated key to the southern African species of Latrodectus is provided.
Early signs of right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in acute severe respiratory failure: the importance of diastolic restrictive pattern
Authors: Tavazzi Guido , Bergsland Niels , Alcada Joana , Price Susanna 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The incidence and pathophysiology of right ventricular failure in patients with severe respiratory insufficiency has been largely investigated. However, there is a lack of early signs suggesting right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction prior to acute cor pulmonale development.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective analytical cohort study of patients for acute respiratory distress syndrome undertaking an echocardiography during admission in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit. Patients were divided according to treatment: conventional protective ventilation (38 patients, 38%); interventional lung assist (23 patients, 23%); veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (37 patients, 37%). Systolic and diastolic function was studied assessing, respectively: right ventricular systolic longitudinal function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion) and systolic contraction duration (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion length); right ventricular diastolic filling time and right ventricular diastolic restrictive pattern (presence of pulmonary valve presystolic ejection wave). Correlation between the respiratory mechanics and systo-diastolic parameters were analysed.

Results:
In 98 patients studied, systolic dysfunction (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion &lt;16 mm) was present in 33.6% while diastolic restrictive pattern was present in 64%. A negative correlation was found between tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion length (P&lt;0.0001; r −0.42). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion length correlated with right ventricular diastolic filling time (P&lt;0.001; r −0.39). Pulmonary valve presystolic ejection wave was associated with tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (P&lt;0.0001), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion length (P&lt;0.0001), right ventricular diastolic filling time (P&lt;0.0001), positive end-expiratory pressure (P&lt;0.0001) and peak inspiratory pressure (P&lt;0.0001).

Conclusion:
Diastolic restrictive pattern is present in a remarkable percentage of patients with respiratory distress syndrome. Bedside echocardiography allows a mechanistic evaluation of systolic and diastolic interaction of the right ventricle.
Logopenic progressive aphasia with neologisms: a case report
Authors: Watanabe Hiroyuki , Ikeda Manabu , Mori Etsuro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Neologisms are commonly encountered in patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases, particularly in those with Wernicke’s aphasia. However, few studies have investigated primary progressive aphasia with neologisms in neurodegenerative disease.

Case presentation
We describe the case of a 74-year-old, right-handed man who developed logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA) with neologisms. He was assessed with neuropsychological tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and single-photon emission computed tomography. Neologisms accounted for a relatively large portion of the paraphasic errors in the naming tests performed during the neuropsychological assessment. He had all the diagnostic features of LPA. Notably, the unique feature of this patient was the presentation of neologisms, which are seldom observed in typical LPA.

Conclusions
Neologisms are considered rare symptoms in patients with early-stage LPA. Our findings in this case report provide new insights into the spectrum of clinical features in LPA.
The epidemiological burden of obesity in childhood: a worldwide epidemic requiring urgent action
Authors: Di Cesare Mariachiara , Sorić Maroje , Bovet Pascal , Miranda J Jaime , Bhutta Zulfiqar , Stevens Gretchen A , Laxmaiah Avula , Kengne Andre-Pascal , Bentham James 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity in children has increased dramatically. This worldwide epidemic has important consequences, including psychiatric, psychological and psychosocial disorders in childhood and increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) later in life. Treatment of obesity is difficult and children with excess weight are likely to become adults with obesity. These trends have led member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) to endorse a target of no increase in obesity in childhood by 2025.

Main body
Estimates of overweight in children aged under 5 years are available jointly from the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), WHO and the World Bank. The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) has published country-level estimates of obesity in children aged 2–4 years. For children aged 5–19 years, obesity estimates are available from the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. The global prevalence of overweight in children aged 5 years or under has increased modestly, but with heterogeneous trends in low and middle-income regions, while the prevalence of obesity in children aged 2–4 years has increased moderately. In 1975, obesity in children aged 5–19 years was relatively rare, but was much more common in 2016.

Conclusions
It is recognised that the key drivers of this epidemic form an obesogenic environment, which includes changing food systems and reduced physical activity. Although cost-effective interventions such as WHO ‘best buys’ have been identified, political will and implementation have so far been limited. There is therefore a need to implement effective programmes and policies in multiple sectors to address overnutrition, undernutrition, mobility and physical activity. To be successful, the obesity epidemic must be a political priority, with these issues addressed both locally and globally. Work by governments, civil society, private corporations and other key stakeholders must be coordinated.
Determination of optimal cut-off points after a high-fat meal corresponding to fasting elevations of triglyceride and remnant cholesterol in Chinese subjects
Authors: Xu Jin , Chen Yan-Qiao , Zhao Shui-Ping , Liu Ling 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Postprandial high triglyceride (HTG), marking elevated level of remnant cholesterol (RC), is an independent risk factor of coronary heart disease (CHD). The postprandial cut-off points for HTG and high RC (HRC) after a daily meal are recommended as 2.0 mmol/L and 0.9 mmol/L, respectively, by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS), while those after a high-fat meal in Chinese subjects were not explored.

Methods
Ninety subjects, including 60 CHD patients (CHD group) and 30 non-CHD controls (CON group), were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of blood lipids, including calculated RC, were monitored at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h after a high-fat meal with 800 kcal and 50 g fat. Analysis of c-statistic was used to determine the cut-off points for postprandial HTG and HRC.

Results
Postprandial levels of triglyceride (TG) and RC significantly increased and peaked at 4 h after a high-fat meal in two groups, although those in CHD group were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The optimal cut-off point to predict HTG at 4 h corresponding to fasting TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L was 3.12 mmol/L, and that to predict HRC at 4 h corresponding to fasting RC ≥ 0.8 mmol/L was 1.36 mmol/L. According to the new cut-off points, the omissive diagnosis rates of postprandial HTG and HRC decreased obviously.

Conclusion
The cut-off points of postprandial HTG and HRC in Chinese subjects after a high-fat meal were higher than those after a daily meal recommended by the EAS, indicating that specific cut-off points should be determined after a certain high-fat meal.
S100P is a molecular determinant of E-cadherin function in gastric cancer
Authors: Carneiro Patrícia , Moreira Ana Margarida , Figueiredo Joana , Barros Rita , Oliveira Patrícia , Fernandes Maria Sofia , Ferro Anabela , Almeida Raquel , Oliveira Carla , Carneiro Fátima , Schmitt Fernando , Paredes Joana , Velho Sérgia , Seruca Raquel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
E-cadherin has been awarded a key role in the aetiology of both sporadic and hereditary forms of gastric cancer. In this study, we aimed to identify molecular interactors that influence the expression and function of E-cadherin associated to cancer.

Methods
A data mining approach was used to predict stomach-specific candidate genes, uncovering S100P as a key candidate. The role of S100P was evaluated through in vitro functional assays and its expression was studied in a gastric cancer tissue microarray (TMA).

Results
S100P was found to contribute to a cancer pathway dependent on the context of E-cadherin function. In particular, we demonstrated that S100P acts as an E-cadherin positive regulator in a wild-type E-cadherin context, and its inhibition results in decreased E-cadherin expression and function. In contrast, S100P is likely to be a pro-survival factor in gastric cancer cells with loss of functional E-cadherin, contributing to an oncogenic molecular program. Moreover, expression analysis in a gastric cancer TMA revealed that S100P expression impacts negatively among patients bearing Ecad− tumours, despite not being significantly associated with overall survival on its own.

Conclusions
We propose that S100P has a dual role in gastric cancer, acting as an oncogenic factor in the context of E-cadherin loss and as a tumour suppressor in a functional E-cadherin setting. The discovery of antagonist effects of S100P in different E-cadherin contexts will aid in the stratification of gastric cancer patients who may benefit from S100P-targeted therapies.

Graphical abstract
Renal involvement and metabolic alterations in adults patients affected by cystic fibrosis
Authors: Lai Silvia , Mazzaferro Sandro , Mitterhofer Anna Paola , Bonci Enea , Marotta Paolo Giangreco , Pelligra Francesco , Murciano Manuel , Celani Camilla , Troiani Patrizia , Cimino Giuseppe , Palange Paolo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most frequent genetic diseases and the median survival of these patients has improved in the last few decades, therefore it becomes necessary to evaluate the long-term complications as renal and cardiovascular risk factors.

Aim of the study
To evaluate the incidence, the manifestations of renal disease and the possible association with metabolic and endothelial dysfunction markers in the CF population.

Materials and methods
We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 226 CF patients. Clinical and laboratory instrumental parameters (metabolic, inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers) were evaluated.

Results
We showed 65 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 158 patients with a reduced value of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), of which 58 patients with a severe reduction of FEV1. Moreover 28 patients had undergone lung transplantation and them had a significant lower estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) with respect to the non-transplanted patients (p < 0.001). We reported also a significant association between lower eGFR value and serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (p = 0.005, p < 0.001, p = 0.040; respectively), with a significant negative correlation between eGFR and serum triglycerides (r = − 0.28; p < 0.01). Moreover we found a significant association between lower eGFR value and serum uric acid (SUA) (p = 0.005), while we did not found an association with 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D value, serum glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels.

Conclusions
Our study showed a high prevalence of CKD in CF patients. Moreover we showed an increase of endothelial dysfunction and metabolic indexes in patients with reduced renal function, as SUA, serum triglycerides and LDL, suggesting the need for an early and complete screening of the main metabolic indexes to reduce cardiovascular risk and progression of renal damage, in particular in patients with lung transplant.
BMI, irAE, and gene expression signatures associate with resistance to immune-checkpoint inhibition and outcomes in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Labadie Brian W. , Liu Ping , Bao Riyue , Crist Michael , Fernandes Ricardo , Ferreira Laura , Graupner Scott , Poklepovic Andrew S. , Duran Ignacio , Maleki Vareki Saman , Balar Arjun V. , Luke Jason J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Clinical variables may correlate with lack of response to treatment (primary resistance) or clinical benefit in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treated with anti-programmed death 1/ligand one antibodies.

Methods
In this multi-institutional collaboration, clinical characteristics of patients with primary resistance (defined as progression on initial computed tomography scan) were compared to patients with clinical benefit using Two sample t-test and Chi-square test (or Fisher’s Exact test). The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the distribution of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in all patients and the subsets of patients with clinical benefit or primary resistance. Cox’s regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between survival endpoints and variables of interest. To explore clinical factors in a larger, independent patient sample, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was analyzed. RNAseq gene expression data as well as demographic and clinical information were downloaded for primary tumors of 517 patients included within TCGA-ccRCC.

Results
Of 90 patients, 38 (42.2%) had primary resistance and 52 (57.8%) had clinical benefit. Compared with the cohort of patients with initial benefit, primary resistance was more likely to occur in patients with worse ECOG performance status (p = 0.03), earlier stage at diagnosis (p = 0.04), had no prior nephrectomy (p = 0.04) and no immune-related adverse events (irAE) (p = 0.02). In patients with primary resistance, improved OS was significantly correlated with lower International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk score (p = 0.02) and lower neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.04). In patients with clinical benefit, improved PFS was significantly associated with increased BMI (p = 0.007) and irAE occurrence (p = 0.02) while improved OS was significantly correlated with overweight BMI (BMI 25–30; p = 0.03) and no brain metastasis (p = 0.005). The cohort TCGA-ccRCC was examined for the correlations between gene expression patterns, clinical factors, and survival outcomes observing associations of T-cell inflammation and angiogenesis signatures with histologic grade, pathologic stage and OS.

Conclusions
Clinical characteristics including performance status, BMI and occurrence of an irAE associate with outcomes in patients with ccRCC treated with immunotherapy. The inverse association of angiogenesis gene signature with ccRCC histologic grade highlight opportunities for adjuvant combination VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immune-checkpoint inhibition.
Instilling innovativeness, building character, and enforcing camaraderie through interest-driven challenge-based learning approach
Authors: Md. Khambari Mas Nida 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study aims to identify how student teachers were impacted by an interest-driven challenge-based instructional design of an Educational Technology course over three semesters. The instructional design of this course was foregrounded by the Interest-Driven Creator Theory, anchoring on the two out of three concepts, namely Interest and Creation. Over the course of 14 weeks, the learning activities in each class meeting started by applying the Interest Loop. This was done by inviting students to participate in bite-sized challenges, at the same time making sure that students can extend the newly constructed knowledge from the activities to their final project. The objective of such design was to let students learn by doing or completing the weekly challenges given to them during class. Then, the students were guided to complete their final project through a series of workshops and personal group consultation with the course instructor. A focus-group discussion was conducted to gather data from the students over the course of three semesters, centering on answering the question of: How does an interest-driven challenge-based framework for learning design of an Educational Technology course impact learners? Interviews were conducted qualitatively, and the findings of the analysis that emerged were (i) instilling innovativeness, (ii) building character, and (iii) enforcing camaraderie. These findings suggests that a mesh-up between the interest-driven creator theory and challenge-based learning framework, then named as InDeC framework for learning design, could furnish learners with skills that are beyond those targeted in the course outcome. Among others, learners’ heutagogical skills can be improved when they are given the opportunity to realize their capacities and stretch their capabilities. Implicitly, this research may benefit instructors in their emerging responsibility of producing and readifying learners for future demands and challenges.
Integration of electronic patient-reported outcomes into clinical workflows within the Epic electronic medical record.
Authors: Rosett Heather A , Herring Kris , Ratliff William , Koontz Bridget F. , Zafar Yousuf , LeBlanc Thomas William 
Published: November 2019

102 Background: Electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROs) offer a new strategy for symptom assessment that can improve quality of life and prolong survival in routine cancer care. However, ePRO systems are often separate from existing electronic medical records (EMRs) and not well integrated into oncology clinics. In this pilot project, we assessed the feasibility and utility of integrating ePROs into our existing EMR and clinical workflows. Methods: The 10-question Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) was integrated into the Epic EMR at three outpatient clinics in the Duke Cancer Institute. Patients with active MyChart accounts were offered the ESAS survey prior to their visit, via the patient portal. ePRO data were routed to clinicians in tabular and graphical formats. A “SmartPhrase” facilitated easy data integration into clinical notes. We subsequently interviewed clinicians and optimized workflows. Several patient engagement strategies were used, including automated messages, phone call reminders, and electronic tablets, to increase response rate. Results: It was feasible to quickly customize and activate an ePRO in Epic. Over 10 months, 161 patients completed 208 ePRO surveys. Initially, 10-20% of eligible patients completed the MyChart questionnaire. Patient engagement strategies, including phone calls and personalized MyChart messages, had little effect. Ultimately, tablets were introduced in the clinic check-in process, increasing response rates to >90%. Clinicians reported positive regard for the system, and an impact on patient symptom management. Clinician workflow optimization resulted in minimal “clicks” in the EMR, and the SmartPhrase was used in 128 clinical notes. Conclusions: Integration of ePROs into the clinical setting poses three challenges: technical implementation, workflow optimization, and patient engagement. While technical implementation is important, it was the easiest to solve, with patient engagement as the greatest barrier. Clinicians value an integrated ePRO system that automatically routes data to the clinical note. The key to successful ePRO integration is in ease of use for both patients and clinicians.