bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Increasing Training Load on Affect and Perceived Exertion
Authors: Cavarretta Daniel J. , Hall Eric E. , Bixby Walter R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Cavarretta, DJ, Hall, EE, and Bixby, WR. The effects of increasing training load on affect and perceived exertion. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 16–21, 2022—This study was designed to investigate how affect and ratings of perceived exertion based on repetitions in reserve (RPE/RIR) change as a function of increasing load during a 10 repetition maximum (RM) test. Twenty-nine novice lifters completed a 10RM test for 2 different conditions presented in a randomized, counterbalanced fashion. RPE/RIR and affect were assessed immediately after each successful 10RM attempt. RPE/RIR was significantly different at all loads from 50 to 100% 10RM (p < 0.001) with no differences between exercise and exercise load (p = 0.059). RPE/RIR was higher for all lower body exercises compared with upper-body exercises (p < 0.001) but was not different between machine and free-weight exercises (p > 0.344). Affect became less positive only at 100% 10RM compared with all other loads (p < 0.05). Finally, affect was more positive for upper-body exercises compared to lower-body exercises (p = 0.025) and more positive for machines compared to free-weights (p = 0.015). The results of this study suggest that among novice lifters, RPE/RIR increases as load increases during a 10RM and affective valence remains relatively constant but becomes less positive when exercising at maximal intensities (100% 10RM). Further research is needed to replicate these findings and elucidate the effects of different muscles used (e.g., upper vs. lower body) and modality of exercise (e.g., machine vs. free-weight) on RPE/RIR and affect among both novice and experienced lifters.
High Resistance-Training Volume Enhances Muscle Thickness in Resistance-Trained Men
Authors: Brigatto Felipe A. , Lima Leonardo Emmanuel de Medeiros , Germano Moisés D. , Aoki Marcelo S. , Braz Tiago V. , Lopes Charles R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Brigatto, FA, Lima, LEdM, Germano, MD, Aoki, MS, Braz, TV, and Lopes, CR. High resistance-training volume enhances muscle thickness in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 22–30, 2022—This study investigated the effects of different volumes of resistance training (RT) (8 weeks of 16, 24, and 32 weekly sets per muscle group) on muscular strength and hypertrophy. Subjects were pair-matched according to baseline strength and then randomly assigned to 1 of 3 experimental groups: 16 weekly sets per muscle group (G16, n = 9), 24 weekly sets per muscle group (G24, n = 9), or 32 weekly sets per muscle group (G32, n = 9). All other RT variables (e.g., exercise performed, exercise order, weekly frequency, range of repetitions, rest interval between sets and exercises, etc.) were maintained constant. The total load lifted was calculated for every RT session to compare the accumulated external training load among experimental groups across the intervention period. Testing was conducted before intervention (pre) and after 8-week (post-8) periods for maximal voluntary muscle strength (1 repetition maximum [1RM] test for bench press and parallel back squat exercises) and muscle thickness (MT) of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and vastus lateralis. The major findings were as follows: (a) all RT volumes increased bench press and parallel back squat 1RM and (b) all RT volumes increased the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and vastus lateralis MT. The magnitude of increase in 1RM and MT of the lower body when training with 32 weekly sets per muscle group was higher than for 16 weekly sets per muscle group. The magnitude of the increase in MTTB was higher when training with 32 weekly sets than for 16 weekly sets.
Normalized Hip and Knee Strength in Two Age Groups of Adolescent Female Soccer Players
Authors: Hannon Joseph P. , Wang-Price Sharon , Garrison J. Craig , Goto Shiho , Bothwell James M. , Bush Curtis A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hannon, JP, Wang-Price, S, Garrison, JC, Goto, S, Bothwell, JM, and Bush, CA. Normalized hip and knee strength in two age groups of adolescent female soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 207–211, 2022—Limb symmetry strength measures are used for clinical decision-making considering when an athlete is ready to return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. However, changes in bilateral muscle strength occur after ACL injury resulting in potentially altered limb symmetry calculations. Adolescent female soccer players are at increased risk of sustaining ACL injuries. Published age and sex-matched strength values in this population may be of benefit to clinicians to improve clinical decision-making. The purpose of this study was to establish normative hip and knee strength data of both the dominant and nondominant limbs in adolescent female soccer players. Sixty-four female soccer players (ages 10–18) were enrolled in this study. Subjects were divided by age into 2 groups (group 1: 10–14 years; group 2: 15–18 years). Subjects underwent Biodex isokinetic strength testing at 60°·s−1 and 180°·s−1 to assess quadriceps and hamstring strength. Isometric hip strength (abduction and external rotation) was measured using a hand-held dynamometer. No significant differences were found between groups on either limb in regards to quadriceps or hamstring strength. No significant differences were found between groups on either limb for hip external rotation strength. Significant differences in hip abduction strength were found between groups on the dominant (group 1: 0.21 ± 0.04; group 2: 0.18 ± 0.04; p = 0.014) and nondominant (group 1: 0.21 ± 0.05; group 2: 0.18 ± 0.05; p = 0.019) limbs. The results of this study shed light on normative strength values for a high-risk injury population.
Biomechanical Determinants of the Modified and Traditional 505 Change of Direction Speed Test
Authors: Dos'Santos Thomas , McBurnie Alistair , Thomas Christopher , Comfort Paul , Jones Paul A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Dos'Santos, T, McBurnie, A, Thomas, C, Comfort, P, and Jones, PA. Biomechanical determinants of the modified and traditional 505 change of direction speed test. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1285–1296, 2020—The aim of this study was to investigate the whole-body biomechanical determinants of 180° change of direction (COD) performance. Sixty-one male athletes (age: 20.7 ± 3.8 years, height: 1.77 ± 0.06 m, mass: 74.7 ± 10.0 kg) from multiple sports (soccer, rugby, and cricket) completed 6 trials of the modified and traditional 505 on their right leg, whereby 3D motion and ground reaction force data were collected during the COD. Pearson's and Spearman's correlations were used to explore the relationships between biomechanical variables and COD completion time. Independent t-tests and Hedges' g effect sizes were conducted between faster (top 20) and slower (bottom 20) performers to explore differences in biomechanical variables. Key kinetic and kinematic differences were demonstrated between faster and slower performers with statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) and meaningful differences (g = 0.56–2.70) observed. Faster COD performers displayed greater peak and mean horizontal propulsive forces (PF) in shorter ground contact times, more horizontally orientated peak resultant braking and PFs, greater horizontal to vertical mean and peak braking and PF ratios, greater approach velocities, and displayed greater reductions in velocity over key instances of the COD. In addition, faster performers displayed greater penultimate foot contact (PFC) hip, knee, and ankle dorsi-flexion angles, greater medial trunk lean, and greater internal pelvic and foot rotation. These aforementioned variables were also moderately to very largely (r or ρ = 0.317–0.795, p ≤ 0.013) associated with faster COD performance. Consequently, practitioners should focus not only on developing their athletes' ability to express force rapidly, but also develop their technical ability to apply force horizontally. In addition, practitioners should consider coaching a 180° turning strategy that emphasizes high PFC triple flexion for center of mass lowering while also encouraging whole-body rotation to effectively align the body toward the exit for faster performance.
Comparison of the Gauntlet Test With Standard Laboratory Measures of Aerobic Fitness
Authors: Burnsed-Torres Marissa L. , Wichmann Therese K. , Clayton Zachary S. , Hahn Michael E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Burnsed-Torres, ML, Wichmann, TK, Clayton, ZS, and Hahn, ME. Comparison of the Gauntlet test with standard laboratory measures of aerobic fitness. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 386–391, 2022—The purpose of this study was to validate whether the Gauntlet test (GT) can accurately estimate individual aerobic endurance performance compared with standard laboratory-based physiological tests. The GT required athletes to complete 5 maximal effort running stages, with a 1-minute break between each stage, with the goal of achieving the best overall time. Eighteen men (n = 9) and women (n = 9) (age, 23.5 ± 4.13 years; body mass index, 23.1 ± 7.62 kg·m−2; 5k time, 22 ± 7 minutes; 10k time, 47 ± 15 minutes; V̇o
2max, 52.3 ± 8 ml·kg−1·min−1) completed a lactate threshold test and V̇o
2max test (laboratory measures). Four to 14 days later, subjects completed the GT on an outdoor track. Blood lactate (bLa), V̇o
2max, and heart rate (HR) were recorded during the laboratory session. Blood lactate, HR, stage completion time, and overall completion time were recorded during the GT. Linear regression correlation analyses revealed a significant inverse association between V̇o
2max (mL·kg−1·min−1) and GT completion time (r = −0.88, P < 0.0001). In addition, there were significant correlations between V̇o
2max maximum HR and GT maximum HR (r = 0.89, P < 0.0001) and V̇o
2max 3-minute post bLa and GT 3-minute post bLa (r = 0.63, P = 0.0029). Sex-specific analysis showed significant inverse associations between female and male GT completion time and V̇o
2max (r = −0.70, P = 0.0352; r = −0.94, P < 0.0002). Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate concordance between GT completion time, V̇o
2max, maximum HR, and 3-minute post bLa. Results suggest the GT is a valid assessment to accurately estimate aerobic endurance performance similar to standard laboratory methods.
Predicted Position Error Triggers Catch-Up Saccades during Sustained Smooth Pursuit
Authors: Nachmani Omri , Coutinho Jonathan , Khan Aarlenne Z. , Lefèvre Philippe , Blohm Gunnar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFor humans, visual tracking of moving stimuli often triggers catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit. The switch between these continuous and discrete eye movements is a trade-off between tolerating sustained position error (PE) when no saccade is triggered or a transient loss of vision during the saccade due to saccadic suppression. de Brouwer et al. (2002b) demonstrated that catch-up saccades were less likely to occur when the target re-crosses the fovea within 40–180 ms. To date, there is no mechanistic explanation for how the trigger decision is made by the brain. Recently, we proposed a stochastic decision model for saccade triggering during visual tracking (Coutinho et al., 2018) that relies on a probabilistic estimate of predicted PE (PEpred). Informed by model predictions, we hypothesized that saccade trigger time length and variability will increase when pre-saccadic predicted errors are small or visual uncertainty is high (e.g., for blurred targets). Data collected from human participants performing a double step-ramp task showed that large pre-saccadic PEpred(>10°) produced short saccade trigger times regardless of the level of uncertainty while saccade trigger times preceded by small PEpred(<10°) significantly increased in length and variability, and more so for blurred targets. Our model also predicted increased signal-dependent noise (SDN) as retinal slip (RS) increases; in our data, this resulted in longer saccade trigger times and more smooth trials without saccades. In summary, our data supports our hypothesized predicted error-based decision process for coordinating saccades during smooth pursuit.
Spike-and-Wave Discharges Are Not Pathological Sleep Spindles, Network-Level Aspects of Age-Dependent Absence Seizure Development in Rats
Authors: Kozák Gábor , Földi Tamás , Berényi Antal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSpike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) of absence epilepsy are considered as pathologic alterations of sleep spindles; however, their network-level relationship has never been convincingly revealed. In order to observe the development and generalization of the thalamocortical SWDs and the concomitant alterations of sleep related oscillations, we performed local field potential (LFP) and single unit recordings in rats for three months during their maturation. We found that while SWDs and spindles look similar in young, they become different with maturation and shift to appear in different brain states. Thus, despite being generated by the same network, they are likely two distinct manifestations of the thalamocortical activity. We show that while spindles are already mainly global oscillations, SWDs appear mainly only focally in young. They become capable to generalize later with maturation, when the out-of-focus brain regions develop a decreased inhibitory/excitatory balance. These results suggest that a hyperexcitable focus is not sufficient alone to drive generalized absence seizures. Importantly, we also found the gradual age dependent disappearance of sleep spindles coinciding with the simultaneous gradual emergence of spike and waves, which both could be reversed by the proper dosing of ethosuximide (ETX). Based on these observations we conclude that the absence seizure development might be a multi-step process, which might involve the functional impairment of cortical interneurons and network-level changes that negatively affect sleep quality.
Categorical Biases in Human Occipitoparietal Cortex
Authors: Ester Edward F. , Sprague Thomas C. , Serences John T. 
Published: December 2019

Categorization allows organisms to generalize existing knowledge to novel stimuli and to discriminate between physically similar yet conceptually different stimuli. Humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents can readily learn arbitrary categories defined by low-level visual features, and learning distorts perceptual sensitivity for category-defining features such that differences between physically similar yet categorically distinct exemplars are enhanced, whereas differences between equally similar but categorically identical stimuli are reduced. We report a possible basis for these distortions in human occipitoparietal cortex. In three experiments, we used an inverted encoding model to recover population-level representations of stimuli from multivoxel and multielectrode patterns of human brain activity while human participants (both sexes) classified continuous stimulus sets into discrete groups. In each experiment, reconstructed representations of to-be-categorized stimuli were systematically biased toward the center of the appropriate category. These biases were largest for exemplars near a category boundary, predicted participants' overt category judgments, emerged shortly after stimulus onset, and could not be explained by mechanisms of response selection or motor preparation. Collectively, our findings suggest that category learning can influence processing at the earliest stages of cortical visual processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCategory learning enhances perceptual sensitivity for physically similar yet categorically different stimuli. We report a possible mechanism for these changes in human occipitoparietal cortex. In three experiments, we used an inverted encoding model to recover population-level representations of stimuli from multivariate patterns in occipitoparietal cortex while participants categorized sets of continuous stimuli into discrete groups. The recovered representations were systematically biased by category membership, with larger biases for exemplars adjacent to a category boundary. These results suggest that mechanisms of categorization shape information processing at the earliest stages of the visual system.
Regulation of an ovulatory cycle
Authors: Švitra D. , Grigolienė R. , Puidokaitė A. 
Published: December 2019

In the practice of processing of metals by cutting it is necessary to overcome the vibration of the cutting tool, the processed detail and units of the machine tool. These vibrations in many cases are an obstacle to increase the productivity and quality of treatment of details on metal-cutting machine tools. Vibration at cutting of metals is a very diverse phenomenon due to both it’s nature and the form of oscillatory motion.
The most general classification of vibrations at cutting is a division them into forced vibration and autovibrations. The most difficult to remove and poorly investigated are the autovibrations, i.e. vibrations arising at the absence of external periodic forces. The autovibrations, stipulated by the process of cutting on metalcutting machine are of two types: the low-frequency autovibrations and high-frequency autovibrations. When the low-frequency autovibration there appear, the cutting process ought to be terminated and the cause of the vibrations eliminated. Otherwise, there is a danger of a break of both machine and tool. In the case of high-frequency vibration the machine operates apparently quiently, but the processed surface feature small-sized roughness. The frequency of autovibrations can reach 5000 Hz and more.
Car Seat Tolerance Screening for Late-Preterm Infants
Authors: Magnarelli Aimee , Shah Solanki Nina , Davis Natalie L. 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:
The belief that late-preterm infants have similar cardiorespiratory maturity to term infants has led many institutions to limit car seat tolerance screens (CSTSs) to those born early preterm. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and predictors of CSTS failure, focusing on late-preterm infants.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective review of late-preterm infants born from 2013 to 2017 to identify the incidence and predictors of CSTS failure, focusing on location of admission. We performed multivariable linear regression to assess the effect of CSTS results on length of stay (LOS).

RESULTS:
We identified 918 subjects who underwent CSTSs, of whom 4.6% failed. Those infants who were admitted to both the NICU and nursery before discharge had the highest failure rate (8.5%). Of those who failed, 24% failed ≥2 CSTSs. Of these, 20% (all from the nursery) were found to have obstructive apnea and desaturations, and a total of 40% required supplemental oxygen for safe discharge from the hospital. Although crude LOS was longer for those who failed an initial CSTS, when accounting for location of admission, level of prematurity, and respiratory support requirements, the CSTS result was not a significant predictor of longer LOS.

CONCLUSIONS:
A concerning number of late-preterm infants demonstrated unstable respiratory status when placed in their car seat. Those who failed repeat CSTSs frequently had underlying respiratory morbidities that required escalation of care. Although further study is warranted, LOS was not associated with CSTS results but rather with the cardiorespiratory immaturity noted or discovered by performing a CSTS.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEMAMPUAN PENGOLAH IKAN TRADISIONAL DI KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Fatchiya Anna , Amanah Siti , Sadewo Tatie 
Published: December 2019

Pengembangan usaha pengolahan ikan tradisional dapat dilakukan dengan mengembangkan kemampuan pengolah ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi tingkat kemampuan pengolah ikan tradisional di Kabupaten Cirebon dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinyanya. Penelitian dilakukan secara survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpul data. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 80 orang pengolah ikan dari tiga kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Gunungjati, Suranenggala dan Jamblang. Data dikumpulkan pada bulan Maret hingga April 2018. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) ver 24 dan diuji dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kemampuan pengolah ikan di Kabupaten Cirebon berada pada kategori rendah baik pada aspek teknis maupun manajerial. Aspek teknis yang rendah yaitu pada proses pengolahan, pengemasan, penyimpanan, perizinan dan penanganan limbah usaha. Sedangkan aspek manajerial yang rendah yaitu pada kemampuan mengakses modal, mengakses pasar dan kemampuan bermitra. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kemampuan pengolah ikan di Kabupaten Cirebon berasal dari faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang memengaruhi yaitu tingkat pendidikan formal dan jumlah pelatihan yang diikuti oleh pengolah ikan, sedangkan faktor eksternal yang memengaruhi yaitu tingkatan peran penyuluh perikanan dan ketersediaan bahan baku. Title: Factors Affecting Capacity of Fish Processor in Cirebon District Improving fish processor capacity is one of way out to develop traditional fish processing. This research aims to identify the level capacity of traditional fish processing in Cirebon District and to analyze its influencing factors. This research used questionnaire survey to 80 samples of respondents in three sub-district: Gunungjati, Suranenggala and Jamblang Data were collected from March to April 2018, and were analyzed using descriptive Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) ver 24 and tested with Partial Least Square (PLS) 3. The results showed that capacity level of fish in Cirebon District lies in low category both upon managerial and technical aspects. The low level of technical aspects were processing, packaging, storage, licensing and waste handling. While the low level of managerial ability were access to capital, access to market, and ability of partnership. Factors influencing fish processor capacity in Cirebon District come from internal and external factors. The internal factors are education level and number of training undertaken by the fish processor, while the external factors are the role of fisheries counselors and availability of raw materials.
Синтез и применение наночастиц полимеров с молекулярными отпечатками сальбутамола в распознающем слое пьезоэлектрического сенсора
Authors: Ermolaeva Tatyana N. , Farafonova Olga V. , Bessonov Oleg I. 
Published: December 2019

Изучены условия синтеза наночастиц полимеров с молекулярными отпечатками сальбутамола методом миниэмульсионной полимеризации на основе метакриловой кислоты и этиленгликольдиметакрилата, в качестве функционального и кросс-мономеров. Установлено влияние концентрации додецилсульфата натрия, природы инициатора радикальной полимеризации и наличия в системе гидрофобного агента на средний диаметр частиц ПМО и их дисперсность. Описан способ формирования распознающего слоя на поверхности электрода сенсора. Предложен состав регенерирующего раствора, позволяющего осуществлять максимальное извлечение сальбутамола из полимерного слоя и сохранять постоянное количество отпечатков для повторного связывания с молекулой темплата. Методом пьезокварцевого микровзвешивания установлены характеристики распознающего слоя на основе наночастиц ПМО сальбутамола, позволяющие оценить поверхностную концентрацию молекулярных отпечатков и устойчивость распознающего слоя, рассчитать степень импринтинг. Установлены аналитические характеристики ПМО-сенсора для определения сальбутамола в водных растворах, оценена селективность распознающего слоя