bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low dose of liraglutide combined with metformin leads to a significant weight loss in Chinese Han women with Polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Chunyan , Liu Yi , Long Xuefeng , Zhang Ling , Liu Hengwei , Xiong Wenqian , Li Wenjin , He Haiteng , Fu Tian , Li Xiaoou 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder with complex pathophysiological mechanism. It is reported that even a modest weight loss of 5-10% substantially may improve the reproductive and metabolic profile. This study aims to assess the efficacy of the low dose of liraglutide (0.6mg QD) combined with metformin (0.85g BID) in weight loss in Chinese Han women with Polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods We included clinical data of 102 obese/overweight (≥18 years, body mass index ≥28 kg/m2 or ≥24 kg/m2) women who were diagnosed with PCOS from October 2016 to March 2018 in Wuhan Union Hospital initially. They were treated with Diane-35, low dose of liraglutide (0.6mg QD) and metformin (0.85g BID) for 12 weeks. The demographic and clinical data were retrieved retrospectively, and weight loss was the main outcome measure. Student’s paired t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences before and after therapy, p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Participants (n=102) had lost a mean of 7.20 (3.42) kg of body weight (95%CI: 6.55-7.86, p<0.001), and the mean reduction of BMI was 2.87 (1.36) kg/m2 (95%CI: 0.02-0.27, p<0.001). A total of 88.24% of participants lost more than 5% of their body weight.Conclusion The combination of low dose of liraglutide and metformin was associated with significant reduction of body weight in Chinese Han women with PCOS. However, a larger randomized double-blind multicenter controlled clinical trial is needed to confirm it.Trial registration The study was registered on http://www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR1900024384.
Piece of the Puzzle: Remdesivir disassemble the multimeric SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase Non-Structural Proteins (RdRp-NSPs) complex
Authors: Olotu Fisayo A. , Omolabi Kehinde F. , Soliman Mahmoud E. S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The recently emerged SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has continued to spread rapidly among humans with alarming upsurges in global mortality rates. A major key to tackling this virus is to disrupt its RNA replication process as previously reported for Remdesivir (Rem-P3). For the first time, we modeled the binding of Rem-P3 to SARS-CoV-2 RdRp-NSPs complex, a multimeric assembly that drives viral RNA replication in human hosts. Findings revealed that while ATP-binding stabilized the replicative tripartite, Rem-P3 disintegrated the RdRp-NSP complex, starting with the detachment of the NSP7-NSP8 heterodimer followed by minimal displacement of the second NSP8 subunit (NSP8II). More so, Rem-P3 interacted with a relatively higher affinity (ΔGbind) while inducing high perturbations across the RdRp-NSP domains. D452, T556, V557, S682, and D760 were identified for their crucial roles in stacking the cyano-adenosine and 3,4-dihydroxyoxolan rings of Rem-P3 while its flexible P3 tail extended towards the palm domain blocking D618 and K798; a residue-pair identified for essential roles in RNA replication. However, ATP folded away from D618 indicative of a more coordinated binding favorable for nucleotide polymerization. We believe findings from this study will significantly contribute to the structure-based design of novel disruptors of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA replicative machinery.
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia associated with elevated NKT cell response in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Kim Dong-Min , Seo Jun-Won , Kim Yuri , Park Uni , Ha Na-Young , Park Hyoree , Yun Na Ra , Kim Da Young , Yoon Sung Ho , Na Yong Sub , Moon Do Sik , Lim Sung-Chul , Kim Choon-Mee , Jeon Kyeongseok , Kang Jun-Gu , Kim Yeon-Sook , Cho Nam-Hyuk 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)1 and often results in fatal pneumonia.2,3 Despite the worldwide effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, the underlying mechanisms of the fatal viral pneumonia remain elusive. Here, we investigated respiratory specimens, including broncholoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) and bloods collected from three confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with varying degrees of disease severity. Surprisingly, over 35% of cells from BALFs obtained from two pneumonic patients was comprised of eosinophils, while 20% was comprised of lymphocytes. Cytological analysis of sputa and tracheal aspirates from all three patients also revealed that more than 90% of total cells were eosinophils. Infiltration of CD16+/CD24+ polymorphonuclear cells into lungs, together with elevated NKT cells in BALFs and peripheral blood samples, in patients with severe pneumonia was confirmed by flow cytometry. Moreover, rapid and profound IgE responses against the N protein of SARS-CoV-2 was only detected in plasma from a patient suffering from more severe and prolonged pneumonia. A significant reduction in oxygen demand with improved chest imaging was observed in two severe COVID-19 patients after treatment with a steroid, methylprednisolone. The present study provides evidence that acute eosinophilic pneumonia4 is associated with COVID-19.
Admission biochemical test associated with the prognosis of COVID-19: a multi-centered retrospective cohort study
Authors: Long Qi , Zhou Chen-liang , Wang Ye-ming , Song Bin , Cheng Xiao-bin , Dong Qiu-fen , Wang Liu-lin , Li Gang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Since December 2019, a outbreak of Corona Virus Disease-2019(COVID-19) started in Wuhan, China. Now we comprehended much more about the troublesome disease from studies than the beginning. But more details between admission laboratory test and prognosis of COVID-19 were still confusing. So we focused on the admission biochemical test, and tried to verify their influence to the prognosis of COVID-19.Method: 522 patients from 4 hospitals were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. We collected demographic information, comorbidities and laboratory biochemical indicators, then compared them between survivors’ and nonsurvivors’ group. Logistic regression methods were used to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Linear regression and receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC-curve) was applied to assess the efficiency of risk factors and regression model.Results:Age of nonsurvivors’ group(68.9) was older than survivors group(50.0). Diabetes(68.7%) was the most common comorbidity in the nonsurvivors’ group. In univariate regression analysis, most biochemical tests were related to the mortality except lipid metabolic results. Age, fasting blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were with a p-value less than 0.001 in multivariate regression model.Conclusion:Age, BUN and fasting blood glucose were risk factors associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 related pneumonia.Authors Qi Long, Chen-liang Zhou, Ye-ming Wang, Bin Song, Xiao-bin Cheng, Qiu-fen Dong, and Liu-lin Wang contributed equally to this work.
GLOBALIZAÇÃO E AS IMPLICAÇÕES DA ÉTICA NA ATIVIDADE EMPRESARIAL
Authors: BRASILEIRO Breno Oliveira Zatiti 
Published: April 2020

O intuito final do presente trabalho é averiguar algumas das implicações que o processo de globalização que interferem na sociedade organizacional, devido ao grande avanço tecnológico, que não só afeta as comunidades de pessoas, mas também os institutos jurídicos. A questão resumiu-se em saber: como o direito é capaz de se adequar às mudanças de mercado, sociais e regionais, perante uma ótica da ética. A presente obra propõe-se a apresentar à resposta do direito frente às necessidades das organizações, bem como o comportamento das empresas frente à internacionalização. Faz-se uma análise sobre o surgimento do fenômeno denominado globalização, nas relações econômicas, comerciais e sociais, ajustando a sua interferência frente à função social da empresa atrelado à conceituação do "direito reflexivo". Em suma, uma visão bem otimista do ordenamento jurídico, bem como a iniciativa empresarial, por meio de seus códigos de ética, e sua constante atualização e modificação de normas e outros regramentos, possibilitando um melhor ajuste da coletividade, porém também carrega consequências de ordem social. As regras que surgem com o advento dos processos de evolução são necessárias para o poder legitimador impor e elucidar as problemáticas que antes não haviam sido definidas, ao até mesmo que não poderiam ser apenas tratadas pelas relações pessoais. Contudo, ao se analisar essas questões, com foco na atividade empresarial, é evidente que os atos praticados pelos grandes personagens da globalização sempre trazem algum efeito, seja comercial, jurídico, ou simplesmente social. Todavia, com as constantes variações, o direito comprova ser flexível, e com o processo de globalização, oportuniza a proximidade das redes de conexão entre países, tornando o mundo um só.
A DESTITUIÇÃO DO PODER FAMILIAR NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO: abandono afetivo frente aos direitos da criança.
Authors: SOUSA Cíntia Barbosa Paiva Menezes 
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho, inserido no ramo do Direito Civil, tem o escopo de analisar a possibilidade de destituição do poder familiar nos casos de abandono afetivo, visando proteger o menor que não pode, por motivos alheios à sua vontade, gozar da essencial proteção para a dignidade humana. Além do carinho, amor e atenção serem fundamentais ao ser humano, torna-se importante um estudo sobre as responsabilidades que são destinadas aos genitores sobre o que tem sido feito no âmbito jurídico para efetivar essa proteção. A metodologia usada na pesquisa foi a bibliográfica sendo analisadas e comparadas doutrinas, jurisprudência e legislação existente, com base na importância das relações familiares e direitos de cada cidadão. Foi possível chegar à conclusão de que cada caso concreto deve ser analisado com muita cautela, permitindo a destituição do poder familiar como última alternativa, após todas as outras não terem sido satisfatórias, levando em consideração o bem-estar e o desenvolvimento do menor.
A STUDY ON AN EFFECT OF THE GREEN TEA EXTRACT ON QUALITY AND SHELF LIFE OF ANIMAL FATS DURING STORAGE
Authors: Lehukov Konstantin A. , Tsikin Sergei S. 
Published: April 2020

An analysis of an effect of the green tea extract on quality and shelf life of animal fats is presented. It is shown that the rate and depth of fat hydrolysis depend on a storage temperature. The higher the storage temperature, the higher the rate of fat hydrolysis and, consequently, the acid value. During storage for more than 3 days at any temperature, fats (except mutton fat) begin to change their properties. Mutton fat shows the first signs of spoilage (an increase in the acid value of more than 2.2 mg КОН, MAC ND) after 10 days of storage. An insignificant variation in the peroxide value of all tested fats during 10 days of storage, which was within the range of MAC, was established. After 10 days of storage, the rate of formation of peroxides and hydroperoxides rose sharply, which was confirmed by the peroxide value of these fats. Addition of antioxidants of the green tea extract in an amount of 10 g per 100 kg fat ensured appropriate storage of all fat types upon storage conditions that corresponded to the normative and technical documentation.
Discontinuous Galerkin well-balanced schemes using augmented Riemann solvers with application to the shallow water equations
Authors: Navas-Montilla A. , Solán-Fustero P. , Murillo J. , García-Navarro P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
High order methods are becoming increasingly popular in shallow water flow modeling motivated by their high computational efficiency (i.e. the ratio between accuracy and computational cost). In particular, Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes are very well suited for the resolution of the shallow water equations (SWE) and related models, being a competitive alternative to the traditional finite volume schemes. In this work, a novel framework for the construction of DG schemes using augmented Riemann solvers is proposed. Such solvers incorporate the source term at cell interfaces in the definition of the Riemann problem, allowing definition of two different inner states in the so-called star region. The benefits of this family of solvers lie in the exact preservation of the Rankine–Hugoniot condition at cell interfaces at the discrete level, ensuring the preservation of equilibrium solutions (i.e. the well-balanced property) without requiring extra corrections of the numerical fluxes. The semi-discrete DG operator becomes nil automatically under equilibrium conditions, provided the use of suitable quadrature rules. The proposed scheme is applied to the Burgers' equation with geometric source term and to the SWE. The numerical results evidence that the proposed scheme achieves the prescribed convergence rates and preserves the equilibrium states of relevance with machine precision.
Watershed models for assessment of hydrological behavior of the catchments: a comparative study
Authors: Gull Sarvat , Shah Shagoofta Rasool 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHydrological parameters like overland flow, soil loss and nutrient losses can be studied by using different watershed models. However, all these models vary significantly in their analysis of parameters, input and output flexibility, scale accountability, processing ability, computational efficiency and capability of modeling the changes in catchments. This paper reviews different watershed models used for analyzing overland flow, soil loss and sediment yield with their shortcomings and strengths. These watershed models are described briefly along with their capabilities and shortcomings with their examples of applications, results and comparisons. An outcome of these discussions is presented in tabular format as a screening tool to allow the researchers and decision makers to choose the appropriate watershed model for the specific purpose.
Multi-objective optimization for improving equity and reliability in intermittent water supply systems
Authors: Nyahora Passwell Pepukai , Babel Mukand Singh , Ferras David , Emen Andres 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Intermittent water systems suffer from several drawbacks such as unfair distribution among users, low reliability and poor water quality. Given limited water and financial resources, making decisions for improving intermittent water supply (IWS) becomes a complex process. The paths to continuous supply are a priori undefined, however, the provision of efficient service is crucial. In the scientific literature, limited research addresses how to improve intermittent systems, to enhance the current service while transitioning to continuous supply. A multi-objective optimization (MOO) tool using a genetic algorithm has been developed to assist in investment decision-making. This approach uses multiple cost-effective intervention options to maximize equity and reliability while minimizing cost implications in an IWS system. The costs in such interventions include expenditure on pipe replacement, booster pump and elevated tank installation. The approach was first tested on a benchmark Hanoi synthetic network, and then applied to the water distribution network of Milagro (Ecuador). The developed tool reveals the extent to which equity and reliability can be driving objectives, and how they can be factored into decision-making. The application of the MOO tool in intermittent systems in order to improve existing distribution networks with strategic infrastructure addition can provide greater equity and reliability.
Evaluation of a Mobile Phone App for Patients With Pollen-Related Allergic Rhinitis: Prospective Longitudinal Field Study
Authors: Glattacker Manuela , Boeker Martin , Anger Robin , Reichenbach Frank , Tassoni Adrian , Bredenkamp Rainer , Giesler Juergen M 
Published: April 2020

Background
Mobile health apps have great potential to support the self-management of chronic conditions such as allergic diseases, which constitute significant challenges in health care. However, the health app market is confusing for users, as it is vast, dynamic, and lacks scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of the apps on offer. To our knowledge, no health app for pollen-related allergic rhinitis has been evaluated.

Objective
The aim of our study was to evaluate the Husteblume mobile phone health app, developed in Germany to facilitate the self-management of pollen-related allergic rhinitis.

Methods
We evaluated usability and changes in quality of life, health literacy, and self-efficacy for managing one’s chronic disease. We conducted 2 online surveys of registered users of the app, 1 before and 1 after the 2017 pollen season, allowing for the analysis of both cross-sectional and longitudinal data in a field setting.

Results
The sample comprised 661 app users at the first measurement point and 143 users at follow-up. The subgroup of study participants at follow-up rated the usability of the app as good or very good. There were no significant changes in patient-reported outcomes such as quality of life, health literacy, and self-efficacy between the 2 measurement points (P>.05). However, those reached at follow-up perceived subjective improvements due to the app: 55.9% (80/143) reported being subjectively better informed about their allergy, 27.3% (39/143) noted improved quality of life, 33.6% (48/143) reported subjectively better coping with their allergy, and 28.0% (40/143) felt better prepared for the consultation with their physician. Finally, 90.9% (130/143) users did not identify any adverse effects of the app.

Conclusions
Despite some methodological caveats, the results of the evaluation of the Husteblume app are encouraging for the subgroup using the app in the long term. However, further studies evaluating the effectiveness of the app are needed.

Trial Registration
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00011897; https://tinyurl.com/yxxrg9av
Clinician Perspectives on the Design and Application of Wearable Cardiac Technologies for Older Adults: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ferguson Caleb , Inglis Sally C , Breen Paul P , Gargiulo Gaetano D , Byiers Victoria , Macdonald Peter S , Hickman Louise D 
Published: April 2020

Background
New wearable devices (for example, AliveCor or Zio patch) offer promise in detecting arrhythmia and monitoring cardiac health status, among other clinically useful parameters in older adults. However, the clinical utility and usability from the perspectives of clinicians is largely unexplored.

Objective
This study aimed to explore clinician perspectives on the use of wearable cardiac monitoring technology for older adults.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative study was conducted using semistructured focus group interviews. Clinicians were recruited through purposive sampling of physicians, nurses, and allied health staff working in 3 tertiary-level hospitals. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify themes.

Results
Clinicians representing physicians, nurses, and allied health staff working in 3 tertiary-level hospitals completed 4 focus group interviews between May 2019 and July 2019. There were 50 participants (28 men and 22 women), including cardiologists, geriatricians, nurses, and allied health staff. The focus groups generated the following 3 overarching, interrelated themes: (1) the current state of play, understanding the perceived challenges of patient cardiac monitoring in hospitals, (2) priorities in cardiac monitoring, what parameters new technologies should measure, and (3) cardiac monitoring of the future, “the ideal device.”

Conclusions
There remain pitfalls related to the design of wearable cardiac technology for older adults that present clinical challenges. These pitfalls and challenges likely negatively impact the uptake of wearable cardiac monitoring in routine clinical care. Partnering with clinicians and patients in the co-design of new wearable cardiac monitoring technologies is critical to optimize the use of these devices and their uptake in clinical care.
Petrographical and Sedimentological Study of Balambo Formation at Northeastern Iraq
Authors: ALGBURİ AMMAR , SAGULAR Enis Kemal 
Published: April 2020

This study was carried
out for Balambo Formation (Valanginian -
Turonian). Area of study alocated within Azmir anticline at Sulaimaniya area at
northeastern Iraq. From petrography study, it was found that the radiolaria
forming the main skeletal such as; Novixitus mclaughlini, Archaeodictyomitra
simplex, Xitus spinosus, Paronaella ewingi, Cryptamphorella conara,
Rhopalosyringium hispidum, Crucella messinae and Vitorfus morini .
While the planktonic foraminifera
such as; Globigerinelloides bentonensis, Globigerinelloides ultramicus, Planoheterohelix globulosal, Hedbergella
(Asterohedbergela), Planomalina buxtorfi, Ticinella praeticinensis and
Calcispheres in second order. The ground mass formed of gray to brown micrite.
The rocks effected by diagenetic processes with many types like silicification,
recrystallization, cementation, and dissolution. According to Microfacies
analysis study, the recognized main facies are tow: lime mudstone and lime
wackstone. These facies divided into four submicrofacies: radiolarian lime
mudstone submicrofacies, calcispheratic lime mudstone submicrofacies,
radiolarian lime wackestone submicrofacies and Globigerinelloids lime
wackestone submicrofacies. Based on facies and petrographic studies, its
deposited within deep sea (Bathyal Zone) .
Dynamic and quantitative Sensitivity analysis on the efficient development of tight oil
Authors: BAİ Jie , LİU Huiqing , WANG Jing , XİE Ling , Lİ Xueping 
Published: April 2020

The aim of this paper is to present dynamic and quantitative
sensitivity analysis for the tight oil development with horizontal fracturing
well. And a set of correlations predict the oil production and effective swept
scope are built correspondingly.

In this paper, a group of orthogonal schemes were designed and
simulated with the CMG IMEX Simulator. And 11 parameters are filtered after
extensive investigation of typical characteristics of tight oil in China and
abroad. The parameters include reservoir characteristics, threshold pressure
gradient and stress sensitive effect, fracturing parameters etc. And analysing
each five years’ simulation results including cumulative production, oil
recovery and effective flow area.

The analysis result
shows that the initial reservoir pressure and well bottom hole pressure, which
decides whether the energy is sufficient to drive oil flow, is the most
significant factor to influence the tight oil cumulative production. Secondly,
reservoir thickness and porosity influence whether the reservoir oil is rich.
However, for the oil recovery, the contribution of fracturing is more
essential, which directly determines whether it has industrial oil production.
In addition, threshold pressure gradient and stress sensitivity, the distinct
seepage characteristics between tight oil and traditional reservoirs, will
further exacerbate the ultra-low permeability and seepage process. The most
immediate effect is that the swept scope range becomes smaller. In addition, a
series mathematical model are also established for the development effect
estimation through the use of multivariate regression, Through data validation,
the quantitative model error ranges 5.45% from 9.29%.