bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Origin of Neptune’s Unusual Satellites from a Planetary Encounter
Authors: Li Daohai , Christou Apostolos A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Neptunian satellite system is unusual, comprising Triton, a large (∼2700 km) moon on a close-in, circular, yet retrograde orbit, flanked by Nereid, the largest irregular satellite (∼300 km) on a highly eccentric orbit. Capture origins have been previously suggested for both moons. Here we explore an alternative in situ formation model where the two satellites accreted in the circum-Neptunian disk and are imparted irregular and eccentric orbits by a deep planetary encounter with an ice giant (IG), like that predicted in the Nice scenario of early solar system development. We use N-body simulations of an IG approaching Neptune to 20 Neptunian radii (R
Nep), through a belt of circular prograde regular satellites at 10–30 R
Nep. We find that half of these primordial satellites remain bound to Neptune and that 0.4%–3% are scattered directly onto wide and eccentric orbits resembling that of Nereid. With better matches to the observed orbit, our model has a success rate comparable to or higher than capture of large Nereid-sized irregular satellites from heliocentric orbit. At the same time, the IG encounter injects a large primordial moon onto a retrograde orbit with specific angular momentum similar to Triton’s in 0.3%–3% of our runs. While less efficient than capture scenarios, our model does indicate that an in situ origin for Triton is dynamically possible. We also simulate the post-encounter collisional and tidal orbital evolution of Triton analog satellites and find they are decoupled from Nereid on timescales of ∼104 yr, in agreement with Cuk & Gladman.
Multiwavelength Follow-up of the Hyperluminous Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidate 3XMM J215022.4−055108
Authors: Lin Dacheng , Strader Jay , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Irwin Jimmy A. , Godet Olivier , Barret Didier , Webb Natalie A. , Homan Jeroen , Remillard Ronald A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We recently discovered the X-ray/optical outbursting source 3XMM J215022.4−055108. It was best explained as the tidal disruption of a star by an intermediate-mass black hole of mass of a few tens of thousand solar masses in a massive star cluster at the outskirts of a large barred lenticular galaxy at D

L
= 247 Mpc. However, we could not completely rule out a Galactic cooling neutron star as an alternative explanation for the source. In order to further pin down the nature of the source, we have obtained new multiwavelength observations by XMM-Newton and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The optical counterpart to the source in the new HST image is marginally resolved, which rules out the Galactic cooling neutron star explanation for the source and suggests a star cluster of half-light radius ∼27 pc. The new XMM-Newton observation indicates that the luminosity was decaying as expected for a tidal disruption event and that the disk was still in the thermal state with a supersoft X-ray spectrum. Therefore, the new observations confirm the source as one of the best intermediate-mass black hole candidates.
Planet-induced Vortices with Dust Coagulation in Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Li 李 Ya-Ping 亚平 , Li 李 Hui 晖 , Li 李 Shengtai 胜台 , Birnstiel Tilman , Dra̧żkowska Joanna , Stammler Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this work, we study how the dust coagulation/fragmentation will influence the evolution and observational appearances of vortices induced by a massive planet embedded in a low-viscosity disk by performing global 2D high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations. Within the vortex, due to its higher gas surface density and steeper pressure gradients, dust coagulation, fragmentation, and drift (to the vortex center) are all quite efficient, producing dust particles ranging from 1 μm to ∼1.0 cm, as well as an overall high dust-to-gas ratio (above unity). In addition, the dust size distribution is quite nonuniform inside the vortex, with the mass-weighted average dust size at the vortex center (∼4.0 mm) being a factor of ∼10 larger than other vortex regions. Both large (∼millimeter) and small (tens of microns) particles contribute strongly to affect the gas motion within the vortex. As such, we find that the inclusion of dust coagulation has a significant impact on the vortex lifetime and the typical vortex lifetime is about 1000 orbits. After the initial gaseous vortex is destroyed, the dust spreads into a ring with a few remaining smaller gaseous vortices with a high dust concentration and a large maximum size (∼millimeter). At late time, the synthetic dust continuum images for the coagulation case show as a ring inlaid with several hot spots at the 1.33 mm band, while only distinct hot spots remain at 7.0 mm.
Intravenous Administration is the Best Route of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration in Improving Liver Function Enzyme of Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Putra Agung , Rosdiana Ika , Darlan Dewi M. , Alif Iffan , Hayuningtyas Fitri , Wijaya Indriani , Aryanti Rita , Makarim Fadhli Rizal , Antari Arini Dewi 
Published: March 2020

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate and transmigrate to acute liver failure (ALF) area due to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulation as an attractant molecule then actively giving the paracrine signaling and or differentiating into primary hepatocytes, however the best route of MSCs transplanted to liver injury area remains unclear.
&nbsp;
Aim: In this study we compare intravenous (IV) and intraperitoneal (IP) route of MSCs administration by analyzing serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and bilirubin level as improvement markers of liver function and VEGF as attractant-proliferation molecule on days 2 and 5.
&nbsp;
Materials and methods: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 200 g were used in this study. They were divided in three study groups: vehicle control, IP and IV groups. The IV group was treated by MSCs at dose 1&times;106 by lateral tail vein injection and IP group received 1&times;106 MSCs via IP injection. The level of SGPT, SGOT and bilirubin were measured by an automatic analyzer, the VEGF level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the CD73 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.
&nbsp;
Results: This study showed that IV injection of MSCs was more efficient for increasing liver function than IP treatment group that confirmed by the observed significant decrease in SGPT, SGOT and bilirubin level on days 2 and 5 (p<0.001). This effect was most likely mediated by the significant increase of VEGF level (p<0.05) on days 2 and 5.
&nbsp;
Conclusion: Our result conclude that an IV administration of MSCs was more efficacious than the IP administration for liver injury &nbsp;regeneration.&nbsp;
Traumatic Brain Injury and the Importance of Neurosurgical Care: 10-year Retrospective Study on Cadavers
Authors: Nikova Alexandrina , Dimitrov Ivaylo , Birbilis Theodossios , Zaharieva Lora 
Published: March 2020

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to transport accidents is a serious cause of death and disability. In every case, however, quick response and a proper health care are required.
&nbsp;
Materials and methods: We collected 10-year data retrospectively from the laboratory of forensic science and toxicology in Montana, Bulgaria with the intention to show the importance of neurosurgical care in the traumatology and its connection to mortality rate.
&nbsp;
Results: 124 cadavers were included with significant male predominance. The data analysis shows that the mortality rate at the hospitals without neurosurgical facilities and the mortality at the scene of the accident is the same for traffic brain injuries. Furthermore, we found that the age has no correlation with the mortality rate.
&nbsp;
Conclusion: Road injuries are the most common type of brain injury. We believe that the outcome of these TBIs depends on the availability of a neurosurgical unit.
Masculinité des chiffonniers et disqualification des chiffonnières à Paris (1830-1880)
Authors: Ibos Caroline 
Published: March 2020

Observer la situation des hommes socialement dévalorisés permet d’interroger différemment la domination masculine, ou masculinité comprise non comme substantielle mais comme politique, à savoir comme un ordre de domination qui, distinguant les hommes des femmes, confère aux premiers une supériorité socialement légitimée. Fondée sur des sources littéraires et iconographiques hétérogènes, cette étude de la construction des chiffonniers au xix e siècle, groupe particulièrement stigmatisé, montre que la masculinité qui leur est reconnue par les élites culturelles s’inscrit dans un double rapport de pouvoir : un rapport de classe qui les assigne à des formes dégradées de masculinité et un rapport de genre qui les intègre à une commune humanité dont les chiffonnières sont implicitement exclues. Ces dernières subissent à la fois le mépris des hommes instruits et la tutelle des chiffonniers autorisés à exploiter leurs corps et chargés de les soumettre à leur loi domestique.
Quand la performance du corps reproducteur devient un travail
Authors: Rozée Virginie 
Published: March 2020

L’approche de la gestation pour autrui (gpa) en Inde comme travail permet d’appréhender la complexité de cette réalité. Si, depuis une perspective féministe, la reproduction est considérée comme un travail, en Inde, la gpa est concrètement organisée comme tel. Les gestatrices elles-mêmes se représentent la gestation pour autrui comme une activité salariale alternative, présentant selon elles de bien meilleures conditions que leurs précédents emplois. Mais ce travail révèle des hiérarchies et des dominations et comporte parfois des risques sociaux et de santé pour les travailleuses, liés notamment à l’optimisation de la performance de leur corps reproducteur. Si ces hiérarchies et dominations sont à mettre en regard avec les rapports sociaux de genre en Inde, l’approche de la gpa comme un travail permet d’avoir un regard beaucoup plus critique de la condition des travailleuses de la reproduction dans le pays. Certaines organisations de femmes l’ont compris : au lieu de lutter contre la pratique en soi, elles se sont mobilisées pour améliorer les conditions de travail des gestatrices. Cette mobilisation semble pour autant dépassée aujourd’hui avec le nouveau projet de loi qui vise une gestation pour autrui locale et altruiste.
Effects of an Electrocardiography Training Program: Team-Based Learning for Early-Stage Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Authors: Kim Soomi , Kim Chul-Gyu 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Team-based learning (TBL) can be one way of improving professional and practical skills for nurses. This study explored the effectiveness of an electrocardiography training program using TBL for early-stage nurses in intensive care units.

Method:
This study used a pretest–posttest nonequivalent control group. A total of 65 participants were enrolled in the study (36 in the experimental group and 29 in the control group). Participants in the experimental group were trained with TBL, and participants in the control group had lecture-based learning on electrocardiography education.

Results:

There was no statistically significant difference between the team-based and lecture-based learning groups after the training in participants' knowledge of electrocardiography and reading ability of bedside (lead II rhythm) electrocardiography monitoring (
p
> .05). However, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the reading ability of the 12-lead electrocardiography (
p
< .001).

Conclusion:

TBL was more effective in improving nurses' reading ability of the 12-lead electrocardiography.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(4):174–180.]
Le aristocrazie locali della Regio X dalla guerra sociale all’età neroniana. La parte occidentale
Authors: Bandelli Gino 
Published: March 2020

La relazione è divisa in due parti. Nella prima vengono illustrati gli obiettivi di una ricerca sulle aristocrazie locali della Regio X: ad un aggiornamento bibliografico di carattere generale per il decennio 1981-1991 (§ 1) seguono dei bilanci relativi all’argomento specifico: l’uno concernente le fonti letterarie ed epigrafiche, l’altro le più recenti analisi del fenomeno (Vicetia, Brixia, Cisalpina repubblicana) (§ 2-3) e, infine, l’esposizione dei criteri adottati nella schedatura prosopografica (§ 4). La seconda parte, limitata al settore occidentale della Regio X (Brixia, Cremona, Mantua, Verona, Vicetia, Atesta, Patavium, Tridentum, Berua, Feltria), si apre con gli Addenda et corrigenda alle prosopopografie dei notabili di questi centri (§ 5); vengono quindi esposte delle conclusioni preliminari sulle dinamiche interne alle classi dirigenti (conservazione o perdita dei livelli di potere, meccanismi di ascesa delle “genti nove” dall’aristocrazia locale all’ordo equester e all’ordo senatorius), sui fondamenti economici del loro predominio, su qualche aspetto della loro ideologia (evergetismo) (§ 6). Da tale analisi esce confermata la posizione di assoluto rilievo della Regio X (superata, in Italia, soltanto dalla Regio I).
Pompei dalla città sannitica alla colonia sillana: per un’interpretazione dei dati archeologici
Authors: Zevi Fausto 
Published: March 2020

L’Autore esamina le grandi imprese edilizie pubbliche all’indomani della istallazione dei veterani sillani (rifacimenti in edifici templari come il tempio di Apollo, il tempio di Venere, il tempio di Giove; costruzione delle terme del Foro e dell’odeion) interpretandole come espressione dei duo genera civium di cui si componeva la popolazione di Pompei dopo la deduzione coloniaria, laddove la costruzione dell’anfiteatro, non per caso opera dei primi quinquennales della colonia, intendeva evidenziare come il primo censo formalmente concludesse il passato sancendo la avvenuta fusione delle due componenti in una sola, nuova comunità cittadina. Questo modello di lettura dell’evidenza pone in risalto la disparità quantitativa tra i duo genera civium, rappresentando i veterani una minoranza rispetto alla preesistente popolazione; un rapido sguardo di insieme sugli interventi di rinnovamento decorativo, nelle case di città come nelle ville, mostra che in queste ultime sono segnalate pochissime decorazioni di pitture di I stile a fronte di molte di II stile, mentre la situazione è diversa all’interno delle mura dove molti esempi di I stile sono stati preservati fino alla fine della città, anche in ambienti particolarmente rappresentativi (atri, tablini, alae), a significare la continuità delle famiglie che abitavano le antiche dimore dell’età sannitica. Dunque i “vecchi Pompeiani” continuarono ad abitare prevalentemente le case in città, mentre furono espropriate e assegnate ai coloni le terre, soprattutto quelle a vigneto sulle pendici del Vesuvio. Tale situazione spiega come mai, secondo l’accusa sulla sua partecipazione alla congiura di Catilina, P. Silla avrebbe fomentato la discordia tra i due gruppi cercando l’appoggio, non dei coloni come ci si aspetterebbe, ma dei vecchi Pompeiani; questi rappresentavano infatti in assoluto la maggioranza, e soprattutto, concentrati come erano dentro le mura urbiche, si trovavano nella situazione migliore per impadronirsi della città.
Donne, domi nobiles ed evergeti a Paestum tra la fine della Repubblica e l’inizio dell’Impero
Authors: Torelli Mario 
Published: March 2020

Lo studio esamina due casi di evergetismo di Paestum tardo-repubblicana e augustea di cui sono responsabili donne dell’aristocrazia locale. Il primo caso riguarda Mineia M. f., moglie del senatore Cocceius Flaccus questore lectus da Cesare; la ricostruzione di sei iscrizioni pertinenti a statue e alla dedica della basilica consente di attribuire alla donna la ricostruzione augustea dell’edificio, celebrata anche da un’eccezionale emissione monetale con il nome della donna. Il secondo caso concerne il santuario di S. Venera, sede di un culto di Afrodite colà insediato dalla fondazione della colonia greca. In questo santuario sono attive due sacerdotesse, Sabina e Valeria C. f., collegate con un’altra importante famiglia equestre pestana, quella di C. Flaccius Flaccus. L’analisi delle epigrafi rinvenute a S. Venera, collegata con la documentazione archeologica, consente di ricostruire la storia di questo santuario all’inizio dell’età imperiale, assai singolare e legata al recupero antiquario di tradizioni risalenti all’epoca arcaica.
Le visage des élites
Authors: Croz Jean-François 
Published: March 2020

Malgré les nombreuses difficultés que pose l’interprétation des portraits sculptés, certains rapprochements permettent de supposer que les effigies susceptibles de représenter des notables municipaux ont parfois été marquées par un héritage grec, étrusque ou italique ; d’autres semblent accuser l’influence de portraits de personnalités romaines connues, tant certaines ressemblances de détail sont frappantes. La diversité de ces influences ne permet pas de parler d’un “style municipal” homogène. Mais un parti pris de réalisme confère cependant une certaine unité à ces portraits ; et on voit même plusieurs traits caractéristiques marquer ponctuellement le portrait urbain jusque sous l’Empire. Ainsi, le portrait “municipal” ne se contente pas de subir telle ou telle influence ; il a pu aussi exercer la sienne propre.
Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of TiAlN/CrN Nanoscale Multilayer Coatings by Multi-Arc Ion Plating in 3.5% NaCl Solution
Authors: Wang Lijun , Wang Mengchao , Chen Hui 
Published: March 2020

Multi-arc ion plating was used to deposit TiAlN/CrN multilayer coatings with different bilayer thicknesses on Type 316L stainless steel. The impacts of the bilayer thickness on the electrochemical performance of the TiAlN/CrN multilayer coatings were explored in a neutral saline (3.5% NaCl) solution. The fracture cross-sectional morphology of the as-deposited coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscope. The crystal structure and preferred orientation were analyzed by x-ray diffraction. The interface characteristic was detected by transmission electron microscopy. The potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for as-deposited coatings. Corroded surface morphology and EIS of the 15-day immersion coatings and substrate were examined to analyze the anticorrosion performance. EIS showed an increase of polarization resistance (Rp) and a decrease in constant-phase element (CPE) for multilayer coatings with a decrease in bilayer thickness. After 15 days of immersion, the EIS plot showed that the C3 coating (with 20 bilayers) had the lowest electrical double-layer capacitance (CPEdl) and highest charge transfer resistance (Rct) in all samples. The relative decay of the Rp of the C3 coating was the smallest compared with the as-deposited coatings, which shows a satisfactory corrosion resistance. The electrochemical tests and immersion corrosion morphology showed that the existence of a large number of interfaces between individual layers in a multilayer structure inhibits the pitting propagation significantly and enhances the corrosion resistance.
A dimeric oxidovanadium(V) complex derived from a hydrazonate ligand with an unusual asymmetrically bridged μ-(oxido)μ-(H2O){oxidovanadium(V)}2 core
Authors: Borges Alice Prudente , Gatto Claudia Cristina , Deflon Victor Marcelo , Maia Pedro Ivo Da Silva 
Published: March 2020

The binuclear oxidovanadium(V) complex [{VO(L)}2(μ-O)(μ-H2O)]∙2CH3CN (1), where L2– is the dianion of the Schiff base 2-salicylaldehyde-2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone, were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H, 13C and 51V NMR. Furthermore, the crystal structure of the compound 1 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry revealing a distorted octahedral O5N-coordination geometry around the V(V) acceptor centers. The vanadium ions are connected by the μ-O2– and the μ-H2O asymmetric bridges located in the edge between the two octahedrons which keeps a distance of 3.194 Å between the two vanadium centers. Crystal data for C32H28N6O10V2 (M =758.48 g/mol): orthorhombic, space group P212121 (no. 19), a = 12.9655(8) Å, b = 14.1902(9) Å, c = 18.4379(10) Å, V = 3392.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, T = 293(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.616 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.485 g/cm3, 18803 reflections measured (3.622° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 56.704°), 8263 unique (Rint = 0.0473, Rsigma = 0.1020) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0509 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1531 (all data). The (VO)2(μ-O)(μ-H2O) core in compound 1 represents a rare case and few examples of similar type have been structurally characterized.
Ozone–vegetation feedback through dry deposition and isoprene emissions in a global chemistry–carbon–climate model
Authors: Gong Cheng , Lei Yadong , Ma Yimian , Yue Xu , Liao Hong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Ozone–vegetation feedback is essential to tropospheric ozone (O3) concentrations. The O3 stomatal uptake damages leaf
photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and, in turn, influences O3 dry deposition. Further, O3 directly influences isoprene
emissions, an important precursor of O3. The effects of O3 on vegetation further alter local meteorological fields and
indirectly influence O3 concentrations. In this study, we apply a fully coupled chemistry–carbon–climate global model (ModelE2-YIBs) to
evaluate changes in O3 concentrations caused by O3–vegetation interactions. Different parameterizations and sensitivities of
the effect of O3 damage on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and isoprene emissions (IPE) are implemented in the model. The results
show that O3-induced inhibition of stomatal conductance increases surface O3 on average by +2.1 ppbv (+1.2 ppbv) in
eastern China, +1.8 ppbv (−0.3 ppbv) in the eastern US, and +1.3 ppbv (+1.0 ppbv) in western Europe at high (low) damage sensitivity.
Such positive feedback is dominated by reduced O3 dry deposition in addition to the increased temperature and decreased relative humidity
from weakened transpiration. Including the effect of O3 damage on IPE slightly reduces surface O3 concentrations by influencing
precursors. However, the reduced IPE weaken surface shortwave radiative forcing of secondary organic aerosols, leading to increased temperature and
O3 concentrations in the eastern US. This study highlights the importance of interactions between O3 and vegetation with regard
to O3 concentrations and the resultant air quality.