bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DeepBedMap: a deep neural network for resolving the bed topography of Antarctica
Authors: Leong Wei Ji , Horgan Huw Joseph 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. To resolve the bed elevation of Antarctica, we present DeepBedMap – a novel machine learning method that can produce Antarctic bed topography with
adequate surface roughness from multiple remote sensing data inputs. The super-resolution deep convolutional neural network model is trained on
scattered regions in Antarctica where high-resolution (250 m) ground-truth bed elevation grids are available. This model is then used to
generate high-resolution bed topography in less surveyed areas. DeepBedMap improves on previous interpolation methods by not restricting itself to a
low-spatial-resolution (1000 m) BEDMAP2 raster image as its prior image. It takes in additional high-spatial-resolution datasets, such as ice
surface elevation, velocity and snow accumulation, to better inform the bed topography even in the absence of ice thickness data from direct
ice-penetrating-radar surveys. The DeepBedMap model is based on an adapted architecture of the Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network,
chosen to minimize per-pixel elevation errors while producing realistic topography. The final product is a four-times-upsampled (250 m) bed
elevation model of Antarctica that can be used by glaciologists interested in the subglacial terrain and by ice sheet modellers wanting to run
catchment- or continent-scale ice sheet model simulations. We show that DeepBedMap offers a rougher topographic profile compared to the standard
bicubically interpolated BEDMAP2 and BedMachine Antarctica and envision it being used where a high-resolution bed elevation model is required.
Thornton Wilder: At Home in the Southwest
Authors: Caldwell Ann 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Thornton Wilder is regarded by most as a New Englander, with a house in Hamden, Connecticut, built with early proceeds from The Bridge of San Luis Rey, and a second home purchased in 1966 in Edgartown on Martha's Vineyard. Throughout his adult life, however, Wilder had a recurring urgency to leave home when he was working on novels or plays. For over a third of his life, he found a temporary refuge in the American Southwest. He established deep friendships there with fellow writers Mabel Dodge Luhan and Witter Bynner and found desert retreats in which to start one novel (The Eighth Day), finish another (Heaven's My Destination), and write most of his play The Merchant of Yonkers. This article theorizes that Wilder, like characters in Heaven's My Destination and Theophilus North, might have been in Wilder biographer Penelope Niven's words, a lifelong traveler “searching for home” (672). For Wilder, the Southwest may have been as close to a creative and spiritual home as any he would ever find.
“That's What It Was To Be Alive”: A Social Gospel Reading of Our Town
Authors: Calloway Jamall A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Our Town resonates with the Social Gospel by beckoning the audience to consider the ethical implications of how we decide to use our ever-dwindling time. This undertheorized resonance with the Social Gospel, although subtle, in turn allows for a counter-reading of Tom F. Driver's theological critique that the play fails to offer constructive thoughts regarding social injustice and the problem of evil. This article illuminates more of Wilder's implicit Social Gospel qualities and outlines through key passages the significance of context for Wilder in time and history.
A Phase Transition Oxide/Graphene Interface for Incident‐Angle‐Agile, Ultrabroadband, and Deep THz Modulation
Authors: Zhu Hongfu , Li Jiang , Du Lianghui , Huang Wanxia , Liu Jingbo , Zhou Jinhao , Chen Yuanfu , Das Sujit , Shi Qiwu , Zhu Liguo , Liu Cangli 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough plenty of functional materials have been explored to dynamically control the terahertz (THz) transmission, the limits in modulation depth, operation bandwidth, or angle‐agile characteristics hinder their applications in highly active THz devices. Here, a 2D/3D (graphene/phase transition oxide VO2) interface is demonstrated for unprecedented high‐efficiency modulation of THz waves with incident‐angle‐agile and ultrabroadband. An impedance matching state can be met at the graphene/VO2 interface by adjusting the stacked graphene layers, which leads to a minimal terahertz reflection amplitude. Then the interfacial impedance can be changed continuously via the semiconductor–metal phase transition of VO2 and achieve a THz switching. Based on this mechanism, this heterostructure demonstrates giant THz average amplitude modulation of 93%, 94%, and 96% in 0.3–1.5 THz at the incident angle of 35°, 48°, and 53°, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding insertion loss is only −7.4, −4.1, and −6.5, which is much lower than most of the present THz modulation. These coupling phenomena and functions arising from the integration of 2D material and 3D phase transition oxide film broaden the previous materials system for dynamic controlling of THz wave, and would promote advanced THz smart devices for practical applications.
Thiolate‐Protected Single‐Atom Alloy Nanoclusters: Correlation between Electronic Properties and Catalytic Activities
Authors: Walsh Andrew G. , Zhang Peng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDue to their interesting chemical and optical properties, metal nanoclusters are used in various catalytic reactions and in energy conversion. By incorporating thiolate‐protecting ligands, their size and composition can be tuned. Doping these nanoclusters to form single‐atom alloy (SAA) nanoclusters is shown to further enhance these properties as a result from the synergy between the dopant and host atoms. In addition to their optical and chemical properties, SAA nanoclusters also have interesting electronic properties. However, these properties are often underdiscussed when studying SAA nanoclusters. This review provides an overview of representative studies done on the in‐depth understanding of the electronic properties and catalytic activities of Ag‐based and Au‐based thiolate‐protected SAA nanoclusters. The use of density functional theory (DFT), X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to correlate the changes in charge states of thiolate‐protected SAA nanoclusters with their superior catalytic activity versus monometallic nanoclusters. DFT, UV–vis spectroscopy, and voltammetric methods link the changes in molecular energy levels of thiolate‐protected SAA nanoclusters to their enhanced catalytic performance over monometallic nanoclusters.
A simple cultivar suitability index for low‐pH agricultural soils
Authors: Fordyce Simon , Jones Clain A. , Dahlhausen Sally J. , Lachowiec Jennifer , Eberly Jed O. , Sherman Jamie D. , McPhee Kevin E. , Carr Patrick M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPlanting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars that carry the aluminum (Al) resistance gene TaAlmt1 is a potentially lower cost alternative to lime applications in acidic agricultural soils. However, the relative importance of TaAlmt1 expression and adaptedness (to regional environmental conditions) for preserving grain yield in acidic soils is not well understood. Adaptation trials were established in low‐pH soils to compare lime‐amended (YL) and unamended grain yield (YU) among regionally adapted spring wheat cultivars with and without TaAlmt1. Averaged across YL and YU (YAVG), yield of adapted TaAlmt1 carriers was similar to adapted noncarriers (p = .939) but greater than nonadapted noncarriers (p = .024). Soil pH‐driven spatial heterogeneity appears to inflate yield coefficients of variation and the probability of committing type II errors in cultivar yield comparisons. Our results support the use of YAVG as a suitability index and decision support tool for cultivar selection in acid‐affected soils.
Exploring Community Narratives of Violence Against Women among Domestic Violence Responders in Guam
Authors: Meno Camarin G. , Allen Nicole E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the Pacific Island of Guam, recent high‐profile incidents of violence against Indigenous Chamoru women have sparked growing local concerns regarding rates of domestic violence and sexual assault. These and other indicators of elevated rates of violence against women in Guam are discordant with historical narratives of gender egalitarianism and community‐based sanctions regarding violence against women in Chamoru culture. Using qualitative interviews with responders to violence against women in Guam, this study investigated current community narratives surrounding violence against women. Findings highlighted the centrality of culture in participant understandings of violence against women, particularly the complex interplay of themes of Indigenous cultural loss and desire for revitalization alongside a preference for Western cultural ideals. Curiously, in spite of a strong cultural framework in participant understandings of violence against women, few participants framed their professional response in cultural terms, other than to describe “culturally competent” approaches for commonly scapegoated communities in Guam. Study findings highlight the need for a closer analysis of culture in understandings of and responses to violence against women in Indigenous communities.
Multi‐Modal Chiral Superstructures in Self‐Assembled Anthracene‐Terminal Amino Acids with Predictable and Adjustable Chiroptical Activities and Color Evolution
Authors: Wang Zhuoer , Li Yingzhou , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDeep understanding of structure–property relationship between packing of chiral building units and their chiroptical behaviors would significantly facilitate the rational design and fabrication of the emerging chiroptical materials such as circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) emissive materials. In this paper, we unveil the universal existence of supramolecular tilt helical superstructures in self‐assembled π‐conjugated amino acid derivatives. A series of coded amino acid methyl esters were conjugated to anthracene segments at N‐terminus, which afforded 21 and 31 symmetry supramolecular tilt chirality in solid‐states. Helical assemblies enabled diversified Cotton effects and CPL performances, which were in accordance with the tilted chirality between anthracene segments. Such correlation shows fine universality, whereby the chiroptical prediction could be realized. Furthermore, on top of charge‐transfer complexation, manipulation of CPL emission colors and handedness were realized.
Pfad‐ und Längenkontrolle von supramolekularen Polymeren im wässrigen Medium mittels eines Wasserstoffbrückenschlosses
Authors: Helmers Ingo , Ghosh Goutam , Albuquerque Rodrigo Q. , Fernández Gustavo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDie Programmierung der Selbstorganisation von π‐konjugierten Systemen in Nanostrukturen definierter Dimensionen ist eine Voraussetzung für die Herstellung funktioneller Materialien. Es wurde eine hochpräzise Kontrolle über die Selbstorganisationspfade sowie die Faserlänge eines amphiphilen BODIPY‐Farbstoffs in wässrigen Medien durch Nutzung einer schaltbaren Wasserstoffbrücke erreicht. Das Vorhandensein einer (2‐Hydroxyethyl)amid‐Gruppe am BODIPY ermöglicht verschiedene Arten von intra‐ oder intermolekularen Wasserstoffbrücken, was eine Konkurrenz zwischen kinetisch gesteuerten scheibenförmigen H‐Typ‐Aggregaten und thermodynamisch kontrollierten J‐Typ‐Fasern in Wasser induziert. Die hohe Stabilität des kinetischen Zustandes, der vom hydrophoben Effekt dominiert wird, spiegelt sich in der langsamen Umwandlung in das thermodynamische Produkt wider. Diese Verzögerungszeit kann jedoch durch Zugabe von Keimen aus der thermodynamischen Spezies unterdrückt werden, wodurch supramolekulare Polymere mit einstellbarer Länge in Wasser für mehrere Zyklen erhalten werden können.
Bioorthogonal Activation of Dual Catalytic and Anti‐Cancer Activities of Organogold(I) Complexes in Living Systems
Authors: Long Yan , Cao Bei , Xiong Xiaolin , Chan Albert S. C. , Sun Raymond Wai‐Yin , Zou Taotao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractControllably activating the bio‐reactivity of metal complexes in living systems is challenging but highly desirable because it can minimize off‐target bindings and improve spatiotemporal specificity. Herein, we report a new bioorthogonal activation approach by employing Pd(II)‐triggered transmetallation reactions to conditionally activate the bio‐reactivity of NHC–Au(I)–phenylacetylide complexes (1 a) in vitro and in vivo. A combination of1H NMR, LC‐MS, DFT calculation and fluorescence screening assays reveals that1 adisplays a reasonable stability against biological thiols, but its phenylacetylide ligand can be efficiently transferred to Pd(II), leading to in situ formation of labile NHC–Au(I) species that is catalytically active inside living cells and zebrafish, and can meanwhile effectively suppress the activity of thioredoxin reductase, potently inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and efficiently suppress angiogenesis in zebrafish models.
Einblicke in die Topologie und die Bildung einer echten ppσ‐Bindung: Experimentelle und berechnete Elektronendichte im monoanionischen Trichlor [Cl3]−
Authors: Keil Helena , Sonnenberg Karsten , Müller Carsten , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Beckers Helmut , Riedel Sebastian , Stalke Dietmar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBisher wurden in mehreren Publikationen die Bindungsverhältnisse in Polyhalogeniden auf theoretischer Basis diskutiert. Insbesondere das Trichlor‐Monoanion ist von großem Interesse, da es aufgrund seiner Symmetrie zwei gleich lange Cl‐Cl‐Bindungen aufweisen sollte. Abgesehen von Matrix‐Isolationsstudien wurde bisher jedoch nur von asymmetrischen Trichlor‐Anionen berichtet. Hier untersuchen wir die Trichlor‐Monoanionen im (2‐Chlorethyl)trimethylammoniumtrichlorid [NMe3EtCl][Cl3],1, Tetramethylammoniumtrichlorid [NMe4][Cl3],2, und Tetrapropylammoniumtrichlorid [NnPr4][Cl3],3. Kristallstrukturen aus hochaufgelösten Röntgenbeugungsdaten und experimentelle Ladungsdichteuntersuchungen, unterstützt durch periodische quantenchemische Rechnungen, geben Aufschluss über den Einfluss der kristallinen Umgebung auf die Struktur dieser [Cl3]−‐Anionen sowie über den Verlauf der Bindungsbildung zwischen einem Chlormolekül und einem Cl−‐Anion.
Metal‐Organic‐Framework‐Derived Cobalt‐Doped Carbon Material for Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Liu Anmin , Liang Xingyou , Yang Qiyue , Ren Xuefeng , Gao Mengfan , Yang Yanan , Ma Tingli 
Published: November 2020

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), as a potential alternative to industrial ammonia synthesis (Haber‐Bosch method), can achieve “green” and sustainable ammonia production under environmental conditions. However, the NRR process is still limited by the slow cleavage of the N≡N triple bond and the existence of a competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. For this reason, many researchers have studied the construction and synthesis of high‐efficiency nitrogen reduction electrocatalysts. Herein, a Co‐based metal‐organic framework (ZIF‐67) was used to prepare Co/C‐900 composites through high‐temperature pyrolysis (900 °C) for ammonia synthesis under environmental conditions. The Co/C‐900 catalysts exhibited excellent NRR performance, with a high NH3 yield of 4.66 μmol cm−2 h−1 at −0.3 V (vs. RHE) and a faradaic efficiency of 11.53 % in 0.1 M potassium hydroxide. This work provides a simple strategy for the design of porous, non‐noble‐metal electrocatalysts for electrochemical NRR.
Cyclic Octamer of Hydroxyl‐functionalized Cations with Net Charge Q=+8e Kinetically Stabilized by a ‘Molecular Island’ of Cooperative Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Philipp J. K. , Fritsch S. , Ludwig R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Ralf Ludwig at the University of Rostock. The image shows the calculated cyclic octamer of hydroxyl‐functionalized cations, being prominent constituents of ionic liquids. Strong cooperative hydrogen bonds overcome like‐charge repulsion and prevent the cluster from Coulomb explosion. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202000681.
Pharmacology‐Guided Rule‐Based Adaptive Dose Escalation in First‐in‐Human Studies
Authors: van Hoogdalem Ewoud‐Jan , van Iersel Mattheus (Thijs) , Winter Erica , Constant John , Kappler Martin 
Published: November 2020

First‐in‐human (FIH) studies typically progress through cohorts of fixed, standard size throughout the escalation scheme. This work presents and tests a pharmacology‐guided rule‐based adaptive dose escalation design that aims at making "best use" of participants in early clinical drug evaluation; it is paper based, not requiring real‐time access to computational methods. The design minimizes the number of participants exposed to dose levels with low likelihood of being therapeutically relevant. Using criteria based on dose‐limiting adverse event rate and on target exposure or target pharmacodynamics, the design increases the sample size when approaching the dose range of potential clinical relevance. The adaptive escalation design was retrospectively tested on actual data from a sample of 40 recently executed FIH studies with novel small and large molecules, and it was evaluated by simulating trials with three compounds with different therapeutic windows, i.e., representing a promising, unacceptable, and dubious profile. In retrospective evaluation of the adaptive escalation design, none of the cases overshot the actually reported top dose; one case resulted in a top dose that was within 20% under the estimated maximum tolerated dose in the original study. The median reduction of total number of participants per study was 38%. Trial simulations confirmed the retrospective evaluation, showing a similar performance of the adaptive escalation design compared with the conventional 6 + 2 design, at a reduced study size for compounds with a presumed acceptable therapeutic window. The adaptive escalation design was shown to make "best use" of participants in FIH studies without compromising safety.
Common gene variants within 3′‐untranslated regions as modulators of multiple myeloma risk and survival
Authors: Melaiu Ombretta , Macauda Angelica , Sainz Juan , Calvetti Diego , Facioni Maria Sole , Maccari Giuseppe , ter Horst Rob , Netea Mihai G. , Li Yang , Grząśko Norbert , Moreno Victor , Jurczyszyn Artur , Jerez Andrés , Watek Marzena , Varkonyi Judit , Garcia‐Sanz Ramon , Kruszewski Marcin , Dudziński Marek , Kadar Katalin , Jacobsen Svend Erik Hove , Mazur Grzegorz , Andersen Vibeke , Rybicka Malwina , Zawirska Daria , Raźny Malgorzata , Zaucha Jan Maciej , Ostrovsky Olga , Iskierka‐Jazdzewska Elzbieta , Reis Rui Manuel , Stępień Anna , Beider Katia , Nagler Arnon , Druzd‐Sitek Agnieszka , Marques Herlander , Martìnez‐Lopez Joaquin , Lesueur Fabienne , Avet‐Loiseau Hervé , Vangsted Annette Juul , Krawczyk‐Kulis Malgorzata , Butrym Aleksandra , Jamroziak Krzysztof , Dumontet Charles , Vogel Ulla , Rymko Marcin , Pelosini Matteo , Subocz Edyta , Szombath Gergely , Sarasquete Maria Eugenia , Silvestri Roberto , Morani Federica , Landi Stefano , Campa Daniele , Canzian Federico , Gemignani Federica 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the association between germline genetic variants located within the 3′‐untranlsated region (polymorphic 3′UTR, ie, p3UTR) of candidate genes involved in multiple myeloma (MM). We performed a case‐control study within the International Multiple Myeloma rESEarch (IMMEnSE) consortium, consisting of 3056 MM patients and 1960 controls recruited from eight countries. We selected p3UTR of six genes known to act in different pathways relevant in MM pathogenesis, namely KRAS (rs12587 and rs7973623), VEGFA (rs10434), SPP1 (rs1126772), IRF4 (rs12211228) and IL10 (rs3024496). We found that IL10‐rs3024496 was associated with increased risk of developing MM and with a worse overall survival of MM patients. The variant allele was assayed in a vector expressing eGFP chimerized with the IL10 3′‐UTR and it was found functionally active following transfection in human myeloma cells. In this experiment, the A‐allele caused a lower expression of the reporter gene and this was also in agreement with the in vivo expression of mRNA measured in whole blood as reported in the GTEx portal. Overall, these data are suggestive of an effect of the IL10‐rs3024496 SNP on the regulation of IL10 mRNA expression and it could have clinical implications for better characterization of MM patients in terms of prognosis.
Rapid improvement of a critically ill obstetric patient with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection after administration of convalescent plasma
Authors: Magallanes‐Garza Gerardo I. , Valdez‐Alatorre Carolina , Dávila‐González Daniel , Martínez‐Reséndez Michel F. , Sánchez‐Salazar Sergio S. , Castilleja‐Leal Fernando , Cardona‐Huerta Servando 
Published: November 2020

SynopsisConvalescent plasma may improve outcomes in critically ill pregnant women with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection who have rapid deterioration of respiratory function and seronegative status.
In vitro temporal HIF‐mediated deposition of osteochondrogenic matrix governed by hypoxia and osteogenic factors synergy
Authors: Calejo Isabel , Costa‐Almeida Raquel , Reis Rui L. , Gomes Manuela E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMusculoskeletal interfaces are naturally hypoxic. An understanding of key interactions occurring between different cell populations and their environment is critical for native tissue recapitulation. Here, an enthesis coculture model (preosteoblasts and tendon cells) was used to understand the influence of hypoxia (5% O2) and osteogenic medium (OM) supplementation in cells’ phenotype modulation. In single cultures, preosteoblasts were found to undergo osteogenic impairment, while tendon cells underwent a maturation process through extracellular matrix (ECM) rescue. When in co‐culture, hypoxia and osteoinduction promoted a temporal chondro/osteogenic pathway activation, as observed by an early deposition of cartilaginous ECM associated with HIF1A stabilization and RUNX2 activation, and later hypertrophic differentiation resulting from HIF2A translocation and SOX9 activation. Moreover, the presence of OM under hypoxia was shown to influence the extracellular ROS/HIF1A interplay. Overall, this study revealed a link between biochemical factors and cell–cell crosstalk, providing a molecular framework for hypoxic control and modulation of cells’ fate toward enthesis‐like phenotypes.