bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of SDS surfactant microemulsion for removal of filter cake of oil-based drilling fluid: influence of cosurfactant
Authors: da Silva Valdic Luiz , Ribeiro Laís Sibaldo , de Oliveira Freitas Júlio Cezar , da Silva Daniel Nobre Nunes , de Carvalho Luciene Santos , Rodrigues Marcos Allyson Felipe , Wanderley Neto Alcides de Oliveira 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAfter drilling oil wells using oil-based drilling fluid, there is the occurrence of a formation of a thin layer of solids adsorbed on the surface, called filter cake, which must be removed to obtain satisfactory well cementation. The present work developed microemulsion systems from sodium dodecyl sulfate, a biodegradable surfactant, with kerosene as oil phase, n-butanol as cosurfactant and distilled water, in order to evaluate its efficiency in removing the filter cake. The results showed that the microemulsion systems composed of inverse and bicontinuous micelles removed 100% of the filter cake regardless of the content of the constituents in the formulation, while the direct micelles only reached 100% with the formulation composed by 10% kerosene and cosurfactant/surfactant ratio = 4. It was observed that the cosurfactant/surfactant ratio is a determining variable for direct micelles to remove 100% of the filter cake and that they are compatible with cement, offering desirable thermal stability and improving the wettability of the rock in water.
Experimental investigation and prediction of tribological behavior of unidirectional short castor oil fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Egala Rajesh , Jagadeesh G. V. , Setti Srinivasu Gangi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present study aims at introducing a newly developed natural fiber called castor oil fiber, termed ricinus communis, as a possible reinforcement in tribo-composites. Unidirectional short castor oil fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites of different fiber lengths with 40% volume fraction were fabricated using hand layup technique. Dry sliding wear tests were performed on a pin-on-disc tribometer based on full factorial design of experiments (DoE) at four fiber lengths (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm), three normal loads (15, 30, and 45 N), and three sliding distances (1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 m). The effect of individual parameters on the amount of wear, interfacial temperature, and coefficient of friction was studied using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The composite with 5 mm fiber length provided the best tribological properties than 10, 15, and 20 mm fiber length composites. The worn surfaces were analyzed under scanning electron microscope. Also, the tribological behavior of the composites was predicted using regression, artificial neural network (ANN)-single hidden layer, and ANN-multi hidden layer models. The confirmatory test results show the reliability of predicted models. ANN with multi hidden layers are found to predict the tribological performance accurately and then followed by ANN with single hidden layer and regression model.
Corrosion-wear behavior of a biocompatible magnesium matrix composite in simulated body fluid
Authors: Su Jinlong , Teng Jie , Xu Zili , Li Yuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMagnesium matrix composites are a new generation of biocompatible implant materials, but they will inevitably undergo simultaneous wear and corrosion in the human body. In this study, hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA) is used in a magnesium matrix composite to study its effects on the corrosion–wear behavior. Two samples (a magnesium alloy composed of Mg, Zn, and Zr (ZK60) alloy and ZK60/10HA composite) were fabricated using the powder metallurgy (PM) process. Their corrosion–wear behavior was investigated using the sliding wear test in a simulated body fluid (SBF). At all the sliding velocities tested, the corrosion-wear resistance of ZK60/10HA was superior to ZK60. At a sliding velocity of 942.5 mm/min, ZK60/10HA demonstrated a 42% improvement in corrosion–wear resistance compared to ZK60. For ZK60, the main wear mechanism under dry conditions was abrasion, while the wear mechanisms in the SBF were abrasion and corrosion. For ZK60/10HA, the wear mechanisms under dry conditions were abrasion and delamination, while in SBF they were mainly abrasion and corrosion, accompanied by slight delamination. The results indicated that HA particles can be used as an effective corrosion–wear inhibitor in biocompatible magnesium matrix composites.
Speciation by triparental hybridization in genus Sorbus (Rosaceae)
Authors: Németh Csaba , Papp Nóra , Nosková Jana , Höhn Mária 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHybridization associated with polyploidization and apomixis is a frequent mechanism of speciation.Sorbusis a genus with ongoing hybridization resulting in a polyploid complex with different parental lineage.Triparensis the smallest hybridogenous subgenus ofSorbusso far known to comprise only two taxa,S. intermediaandS. × liljeforsiithat combine the genomes of three taxa (S. ariaagg.,S. aucupariaandS. torminalis). To elucidate the origins ofS. dacica,S. paxianaandS. tauricola, three new trigenomic candidates formerly believed to be of biparental origin with eitherS. ariaagg. × S. aucupariaorS. ariaagg. × S. torminalislineage we combined data from HPLC and chloroplast DNA analysing additional 33 related taxa as well. We concluded that the ‘torminalis-type’ flavonoid profile and the ‘aucuparia-type’ plastid indicate the participation of bothS. torminalisandS. aucupariaresulting in the formation ofS. dacica,S. paxianaandS. tauricola.Sorbus ariaagg. as the third ancestor and as a necessary link to meet genes ofS. torminalisandS. aucupariain one genome is obvious from morphological features (densely tomentose undersides of leaves). The tetraploid cytotypes and obligate pseudogamy ofS. dacicaandS. paxianawere determined by flow cytometry and are published here for the first time. The most probable evolutionary scenario forTriparensspecies is: 1. a diploid sexualS. aucupariaas pollen acceptor hybridized with a tetraploid apomictic taxon from theS. ariaagg. producing a triploid apomictic taxon with ‘aucuparia-type’ plastid inherited maternally; 2. during a second crossing event this subgenusSorariahybrid as maternal progenitor hybridized with the sexual diploidS. torminalis(providing gene(s) of apigenin O-glucuronide synthesis) forming a tetraploidTriparenshybrid with ‘aucuparia-type’ plastid and ‘torminalis-type’ flavonoids.
Sustainable Neighborhood Public Outreach: I-95 GIR Archaeological Investigations in Philadelphia
Authors: Tull Stephen W. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration are undertaking a long-term, multiphase project to improve and rebuild Interstate 95 (I-95) in Pennsylvania, within the historic city of Philadelphia. Given the complex urban setting, the archaeological subsurface testing for the I-95 Girard Avenue Interchange Improvement Project is being guided by a programmatic agreement under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and a categorical exclusion under the National Environmental Policy Act. Through data-recovery excavations, the contractor for the project, AECOM, has documented 30 historical-period and Native American archaeological sites. The project includes its own professional journal, live interactive reporting, and a public archaeology center.
Spaces for Creativity in Mediterranean Archaeological Heritage Management
Authors: Almansa-Sánchez Jaime 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPublic Archaeology in the Mediterranean Context (#pubarchMED) is a project that focuses on the management of archaeological heritage in the Mediterranean context from the perspective of public archaeology. Ranging from fully public models where preventive archaeology itself is a challenge to mixed models where the outsourcing of this work has been accomplished to a full extent, the variety of solutions is wide and with a common trend: struggle with mitigation and little space for creativity. This article will delve into the range of models that exist in the Mediterranean, exploring the way they approach, first of all, preventive/rescue archaeology, and then, the relationship between archaeology and society in the process. Building on the challenges of an underfunded scheme for an extremely archaeologically rich territory, different solutions have been set in practice—in some cases, under the auspices of competent administrations in the form of public policy—in the endeavor to include public archaeology in the practice, mostly encouraged by professionals as a personal or corporate initiative, and sometimes even consciously avoided. The discussion will offer some ideas for creative mitigation in the different scenarios, built on the comparative study and the broad possibilities to engage stakeholders positively in the process.
WE SHOULDN'T WAIT FOR HEAVEN: HOW HEAD/BODY TRANSPLANTATION CAUSES US TO REEVALUATE HALAKHIC CONCEPTIONS OF LIFE AND DEATH
Authors: Bedzow Ira , Loike John , Stadlan Noam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this article, the authors examine how the potential success of head/body transplantation raises questions as to how halakha—Jewish law and jurisprudence—might draw the line between determining whether a person is dead or alive. In presenting the primary Talmudic passages that refer to determination of life and death, and their discussion among halakhists and halakhic decisors, the authors show how the halakha might determine the demarcation between life and death as it applies to head/body transplants or potentially other innovations in medical technology.
Prolonged length of stay after surgery for adult congenital heart disease: a single-centre study in a developing country
Authors: Martins Russell S. , Dawood Zaiba S. , Memon Muhammad K. Y. , Akhtar Saleem 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground:With the growing number of adults requiring operations for CHD, prolonged length of stay adds an additional burden on healthcare systems, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to identify factors associated with prolonged length of stay in adult patients undergoing operations for CHD.Methods:This retrospective study included all adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass for their CHD from 2011 to 2016 at a tertiary-care private hospital in Pakistan. Prolonged length of stay was defined as hospital stay >75th percentile of the overall cohort (>8 days).Results:This study included 166 patients (53.6% males) with a mean age of 32.05 ± 12.11 years. Comorbid disease was present in 59.0% of patients. Most patients underwent atrial septal defect repair (42.2%). A total of 38 (22.9%) patients had a prolonged length of stay. Post-operative complications occurred in 38.6% of patients. Multivariable analysis showed that pre-operative body mass index (odds ratio: 0.779; 95% confidence interval: 0.620–0.980), intraoperative aortic cross-clamp time (odds ratio: 1.035; 95% confidence interval: 1.009–1.062), and post-operative acute kidney injury (odds ratio: 7.392; 95% confidence interval: 1.036–52.755) were associated with prolonged length of stay.Conclusion:Predictors of prolonged length of stay include lower body mass index, longer aortic cross-clamp time, and development of post-operative acute kidney injury. Shorter operations, improved pre-operative nutritional optimisation, and timely management of post-operative complications could help prevent prolonged length of stay in patients undergoing operations for adult CHD.
Patterns of recurrence in patients receiving conformal radiation for intracranial meningioma: a single-institution experience
Authors: Rajkrishna B. , Rajesh Balakrishnan , Patricia Sebastian , Selvamani B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAim:To evaluate the patterns of recurrence following postoperative conformal radiotherapy (RT) for intracranial meningioma.Materials and methods:Eighty-six patients who received conformal RT for intracranial meningiomas from 2014 to 2017 were retrospectively analysed. For documented recurrences, recurrence imaging was deformably co-registered to planning CT scan. In-field recurrence was defined as recurrence within the 90% isodose line, and out-of-field recurrences were those that occurred outside the 90% isodose line. We present the demographic details, surgical and RT details, outcomes and patterns of recurrence.Results:The median age was 46 years (range 17–72); 82·6% underwent surgery [46·5% had subtotal resection (STR), 43·7% gross tumour resection (GTR), 5·6% biopsy] and 17·4% had no surgery. Among these, 53·5% were WHO grade 2; 27·9% grade 1; and 1·2% grade 3 meningioma. Fifty per cent received stereotactic RT (SRT), 46·5% 3D conformal RT (3DCRT) and 3·5% intensity-modulated RT (IMRT). The mean clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV) margins were 4·5 mm (range 0–15) and 3·9 mm (range 1–5), respectively. The doses ranged from 54 to 59·4 Gy. The median follow-up after RT was 1·7 years (range 0·2–4·7). 17·4% were lost to follow-up, 5·4% had recurrence, and the median time to recurrence after completion of RT was 2 years (range 0·7–2·9). The 3-year recurrence-free rate was 81·5%. Three patients had in-field and two had in-field and out-of-field recurrence. Among the cases with recurrence, three received SRT, one 3DCRT and one IMRT. Four were grade 2 and one was grade 3 tumour, and the CTV margin ranged from 0 to 5 mm, and the PTV margin ranged from 3 to 5 mm.Conclusion:Local recurrence was seen in grade 2 and 3 meningiomas. SRT probably had more recurrence as they had lesser CTV margin. Increased CTV margin, escalated dose up to 59·4 Gy and 3DCRT/IMRT may be helpful in preventing local recurrences in grade 2 and grade 3 meningiomas.
Bidirectional association between blood pressure and depressive symptoms in young and middle-age adults: A cohort study
Authors: Jeon Sang Won , Chang Yoosoo , Lim Se-Won , Cho Juhee , Kim Han-Na , Kim Kyoung-Beom , Kim Jinseok , Kim Young Hwan , Shin Dong-Won , Oh Kang-Seob , Shin Young-Chul , Ryu Seungho 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the bidirectional relationship between blood pressure (BP) and depressive symptoms using a large prospective cohort study.

Methods
Prospective cohort study was performed in 276 244 adults who participated in a regular health check-up and were followed annually or biennially for up to 5.9 years. BP levels were categorised according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association hypertension guidelines. Depressive symptoms were assessed using Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CESD) questionnaire and a cut-off score of ≥25 was regarded as case-level depressive symptoms.

Results
During 672 603.3 person-years of follow-up, 5222 participants developed case-level depressive symptoms. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for incident case-level depressive symptoms comparing hypotension, elevated BP, hypertension stage 1 and hypertension stage 2 to normal BP were 1.07 (0.99–1.16), 0.93 (0.82–1.05), 0.89 (0.81–0.97) and 0.81 (0.62–1.06), respectively (p for trend <0.001). During 583 615.3 person-years of follow-up, 27 787 participants developed hypertension. The multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for incident hypertension comparing CESD 16–24 and ⩾25 to CESD < 16 were 1.05 (1.01–1.11) and 1.12 (1.03–1.20), respectively (p for trend <0.001) and in the time-dependent models, corresponding HRs (95% CI) were 1.12 (1.02–1.24) and 1.29 (1.10–1.50), respectively (p for trend <0.001).

Conclusions
In this large cohort study of young and middle-aged individuals, higher BP levels were independently associated with a decreased risk for developing case-level depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms were also associated with incident hypertension. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional association between BP levels and incident depression.
Euler Potentials for the Earth Magnetic Field With Field‐Aligned Currents
Authors: Romashets E. , Vandas M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEuler potentials of the Earth's dipole magnetic field with field‐aligned currents are found. The results generalize ones obtained earlier for systems of plane currents parallel to an ambient uniform magnetic field. A real current system corresponding to an observed increase of the magnetic field measured by a low‐altitude spacecraft is used in this modeling. Parameters of charged particle trajectories, such as length and period, are determined for typical and strongly disturbed conditions. A particle distribution function is calculated.
Effective Stress Law for the Permeability and Pore Volume Change of Clayey Sandstones
Authors: Meng Fanbao , Li Xingfu , Baud Patrick , Wong Teng‐fong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe influence of confining and pore pressures on permeability and pore volume change was studied in two clayey sandstones. The coupling effect is characterized by the effective stress coefficients κ and β, respectively. Hydrostatic compression of a porous rock typically involves an initial nonlinear stage of elastic crack closure and a subsequent linear stage of pore deformation. To elucidate the influence of microcracks on the behavior, we measured the effective stress coefficients in these two stages separately. Our data show that the coefficients κ for permeability of both clayey sandstones are uniformly greater than 1, in agreement with published data and theoretical prediction for a microscopically inhomogeneous assemblage. Our data show that the presence of microcracks may homogenize the pore space, as reflected by a significantly lower κ value during the initial stage of nonlinear compression. We obtained some of the first measurements of the effective stress coefficient β for pore volume change in sandstones, which show values close to but uniformly less than 1. Synthesizing our sandstone data, recently published data on limestones, and theoretical analyses, we propose to define in the β‐κ space two fundamentally different regimes for the effective stress behavior. A comparison of our data with Berryman's model, the clay shell model, and clay particle model indicates apparent discrepancies, which we propose to resolve with a dual equivalent‐channel model based on the spatial partitioning of clayey and clay‐free pore volumes.
Basal and LPS-stimulated inflammatory markers and the course of individual symptoms of depression
Authors: van Eeden Wessel A. , van Hemert Albert M. , Carlier Ingrid V. E. , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Lamers Femke , Fried Eiko I. , Schoevers Robert , Giltay Erik J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMultiple studies show an association between inflammatory markers and major depressive disorder (MDD). People with chronic low-grade inflammation may be at an increased risk of MDD, often in the form of sickness behaviors. We hypothesized that inflammation is predictive of the severity and the course of a subset of MDD symptoms, especially symptoms that overlap with sickness behavior, such as anhedonia, anorexia, low concentration, low energy, loss of libido, psychomotor slowness, irritability, and malaise. We tested the association between basal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory markers with individual MDD symptoms (measured using the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report) over a period of up to 9 years using multivariate-adjusted mixed models in 1147–2872 Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) participants. At baseline, participants were on average 42.2 years old, 66.5% were women and 53.9% had a current mood or anxiety disorder. We found that basal and LPS-stimulated inflammatory markers were more strongly associated with sickness behavior symptoms at up to 9-year follow-up compared with non-sickness behavior symptoms of depression. However, we also found significant associations with some symptoms that are not typical of sickness behavior (e.g., sympathetic arousal among others). Inflammation was not related to depression as a unified syndrome but rather to the presence and the course of specific MDD symptoms, of which the majority were related to sickness behavior. Anti-inflammatory strategies should be tested in the subgroup of MDD patients who report depressive symptoms related to sickness behavior.
Juvenile hormone regulates the shift from migrants to residents in adult oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata
Authors: Zhang Lei , Cheng Lili , Chapman Jason W. , Sappington Thomas W. , Liu Juanjuan , Cheng Yunxia , Jiang Xingfu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn migratory insects, increasing evidence has demonstrated juvenile hormone (JH) is involved in regulating adult reproduction and flight. Our previous study demonstrated that the switch from migrants to residents in Mythimna separata could be induced by adverse environmental conditions during a sensitive period in adulthood (the first day post-emergence), but the role of JH in this switch is not clear. Here, we found a significantly different pattern of JH titers between migrants and residents, with migrants showing a slower release of JH during adulthood than residents. Application of JH analogue (JHA) in the 1-day-old adults, significantly accelerated adult reproduction and suppressed flight capacity. The pre-oviposition period and period of first oviposition of migrants treated with JHA were significantly shorter, while the total lifetime fecundity and mating percentage increased. The flight capacity and dorso-longitudinal muscle size of the migrants were decreased significantly when treated with JHA. The effect of JHA on reproduction and flight capacity indicate that JH titers during the sensitive period (first day post-emergence) regulates the shift from migrants to residents in M. separata.
Longer-term (≥ 2 years) survival in patients with glioblastoma in population-based studies pre- and post-2005: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Poon Michael T. C. , Sudlow Cathie L. M. , Figueroa Jonine D. , Brennan Paul M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTranslation of survival benefits observed in glioblastoma clinical trials to populations and to longer-term survival remains uncertain. We aimed to assess if ≥ 2-year survival has changed in relation to the trial of radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide published in 2005. We searched MEDLINE and Embase for population-based studies with ≥ 50 patients published after 2002 reporting survival at ≥ 2 years following glioblastoma diagnosis. Primary endpoints were survival at 2-, 3- and 5-years stratified by recruitment period. We meta-analysed survival estimates using a random effects model stratified according to whether recruitment ended before 2005 (earlier) or started during or after 2005 (later). PROSPERO registration number CRD42019130035. Twenty-three populations from 63 potentially eligible studies contributed to the meta-analyses. Pooled 2-year overall survival estimates for the earlier and later study periods were 9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6–12%; n/N = 1,488/17,507) and 18% (95% CI 14–22%; n/N = 5,670/32,390), respectively. Similarly, pooled 3-year survival estimates increased from 4% (95% CI 2–6%; n/N = 325/10,556) to 11% (95% CI 9–14%; n/N = 1900/16,397). One study with a within-population comparison showed similar improvement in survival among the older population. Pooled 5-year survival estimates were 3% (95% CI 1–5%; n/N = 401/14,919) and 4% (95% CI 2–5%; n/N = 1,291/28,748) for the earlier and later periods, respectively. Meta-analyses of real-world data suggested a doubling of 2- and 3-year survival in glioblastoma patients since 2005. However, 5-year survival remains poor with no apparent improvement. Detailed clinically annotated population-based data and further molecular characterization of longer-term survivors may explain the unchanged survival beyond 5 years.