bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Economic Community of Pesantren Al-Ittifaq: Opposing Market Capitalism and the Improvement of Competitiveness
Authors: Fauroni R. Lukman 
Published: December 2019

This study aims to elaborate on the solution the pesantren economic community takes in dealing with the penetration of market capitalism in the competitive era. This case study was conducted in Pesantren Al Ittifaq Bandung. Pesantren can successfully build a strong economic community through integrated education implementation including role modeling, facilitation, empowerment, and economic culturing in social capital-based communities. This article concluded that high consciousness of cooperation can improve competitiveness and be an appropriate strategy to oppose market capitalism penetration. The community’s capital asset leads to bargaining position and independence in partnership cooperation thereby can be beneficial and results in welfare. Keywords: pesantren, economic community, social capital, capital asset, cooperation, welfare
Evaluation of Usability on Bionic Anthropomorphic (BIMO) Hand for Disability Hand Patient
Authors: Susanto Novie , Prastawa Heru , Mahachandra Manik , Rakhmawati Dinda Ayu 
Published: December 2019

One aspect that needs to be assessed to make better product is usability. Testing the level of usability on BIMO hand is performed using adapted Southampton Hand Assesment Procedure (SHAP) method. Users are given the task of using prosthetic hand to perform daily activities according to performance measurement rules. Based on the opinion of Jacob Nielsen, the theory used to measure usability are 5 main parameters, i.e: Learnability, Memorability, Efficiency, Satisfaction, and Errors. Testing is done by giving 15 task daily activity to the respondent. After testing, respondents were given USE questionnaires (Usefulness, Satisfaction and Ease of use) as a media for usability assessmentand received suggestions from respondents. Some suggestions were obtained from the respondents after the research was conducted, such as the size of the product, censoric product respond, the suitability shape and weight of product. Based on the percentage of USE questionnaire assessment known Usability Prosthetic hand level tested is in the status of GOOD, this indicates the respondents feel the product is good to use.
Editorial Preface
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin 
Published: December 2019

We gratefully thank to all authors who have contributed to the first issue of International Journal of Contemporary Law and Society (IJCILS). In this first issue (Vol. 1 issues 1) of IJCILS offers seven articles covering topics of Islamic law and society. Various issues relating to Islamic contemporary law and society are presented interestingly to contribute to the body of knowledge and practices. Academia and practitioners in Islamic law and society area may gain insight from reading these articles.
IJCILS is dedicated by Postgraduate studies of Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palu for all academia across the globe. In next issue, we expect writer and researcher over the entire world within Islamic law and society studies can contribute to IJCILS. The journal is a free access journal and we do not charge any publication fees. We expect this journal can contribute to the development of practical and theoretical knowledge within Islamic law and society.
Finally, I hope the articles presented in this issue add further empirical evidence to the growing body of research that examines various fields from Islamic law perspectives. The articles could trigger other research to study law and society with Islam perspectives in broader contexts across the globe.

Nurdin Nurdin
Editor-in-Chief
IJCILS: International Journal of Islamic Contemporary Law and Society
GENDER EQUALITY IN TEACHING MATERIALS OF ARABIC AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Akmaliyah Akmaliyah , Mohammad Ridho Rosyid , Syafiq Mughni A. 
Published: December 2019

To inculcate since the early age concept of gender equality within children is essential and needs to intensify. One way to socialize this concept is through education. Arabic language as a subject formally taught among elementary school students, especially in their integrated system schools, can be utilized as a vehicle for this particular agenda. A research conducted to study materials being taught in those schools in connection with gender equality is required. This paper is designed using analytic descriptive method to help accomplish that purpose.
COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES: WHAT INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS DO IN CASUAL CONVERSATION?
Authors: Yonata Fadhila , Saptani Dewi Amalia 
Published: December 2019

In tackling casual conversation, most foreign language learners have problems in negotiating the intended meaning smoothly. One of the reasons is the lack of optimization of communication strategies to compensate communication breakdowns. This study attempts to reveal Indonesian advance English learners actual competence in engaging in a casual conversation. The data were taken from two recorded conversations lasted for 15 minutes which were then transcribed and analyzed with respect to communication strategies by implementing spoken discourse analysis. The percentage of kind of communication strategies results suggest that filler is the most frequent strategy used by speakers, followed by repetition, appeal for help and self-repair. These findings show that the participants have enough linguistic resources but having problem in verbalizing their mental concept due to insufficient practice.
THE RELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ OPTIMISM AND LISTENING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Ansar Fithrah Auliya , Indrasari Nunun 
Published: December 2019

Learning is more about the act of transferring knowledge. However, the successfulness of students depends on their emotions in learning knowledge. Optimism is one of the factor that may influence the students’ achievement in the lesson. The purpose of the research is to find the correlation between the optimism and students’ listening achievement through knowing the way of optimism works in listening class and the significant influence between students optimism and listening achievement. The method of this research is correlation method by using quantitative data. This research was conducted in the class of listening in the third semester of University of Raden Intan Lampung in the academic year 2018-2019. The population of this study is the student of the third semester of listening class of State Islamic University Raden Intan Lampung. The instruments used in this research are Questionnaire and documentation. The finding in this result is the optimism level of students were mostly moderate. There were 81.8 % of moderate optimism by the students in listening and the result of correlation coefficient value was 0.668 which means that there was a positive correlation between them. As a result, The higher of the students’ optimism can cause the higher achievement of the students in listening class.
Comprehensive Investigation of Thermal Degradation Characteristics and Properties Changes of Plant Edible Oils by FTIR-Spectroscopy
Authors: Rexhepi Fatos , Surleva Andriana , Hyseni Arbër , Bruçi Melisa , Kodraliu Blerina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Structural characterization of edible oils after thermal treatment was made by (FTIR) spectroscopy. Olive, corn and sunflower oil samples were thermally treated at three consecutive cycles. Each cycle consisted of heating at the boiling point for 8 h, followed by cooling at room temperature for 16 h. At the end of each cycle the characteristics of oils were studied by FTIR spectroscopy and standard methods.
Study of FTIR spectra of the treated oils revealed that the heating of oils caused significant changes in the intensities of their bands and produced shifts in the position of specific bands such as 3008 cm−1 and 1745 cm−1. The level of oil oxidation during different heating period was followed by the absorbance ratio at 3530/3472 cm−1. Additionally, the absorbance ratio 2853/3008 cm−1 was used as a measure of degree of unsaturation. The thermal heating of oils produced an initial decrease in the specific absorbance ratios which could be attributed to the reduction of unsaturated fatty acid content due to oxidation process. The results in this study demonstrated that FTIR could be used for assessment of the state of oils by using specific absorbance ratios as indicators.
Comparative dissolution studies on granules with acetaminophen and caffeine using the basket and paddle methods with simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of active substances
Authors: Szumilo Michal , Belniak Piotr , Kasperek-Nowakiewicz Regina , Holody Ewelina , Poleszak Ewa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Acetaminophen and caffeine, popular therapeutic substances used to relieve pain or alleviate the symptoms of cold. The aims of the study were the comparison of granules, in terms of dissolution rate and moreover the development of spectrophotometric method to the simultaneous determination of both active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in granules. The granules were tested by two pharmacopoeial methods of dissolution for solid dosage forms, and the dissolution profiles for each formulation were compared. A method of simultaneous determination of two medicinal substances by the double calibration method using derivative spectrophotometry was used. Considering the dissolution process carried out in the paddle apparatus, it was shown that more than 80% of acetaminophen and caffeine were released from each of the preparations in a clearly shorter time than 10 minutes. Carrying out the basket test, substances dissolved gradually, much slower than in the paddle method. The time required to release 80% of both active substances from majority of tested preparations was from 30 to 45 minutes. Application of the first derivative spectrophotometric method allows simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and caffeine in the mixture, without the need to separate them first.
Challenges in technology of bilayer and multi-layer tablets: a mini-review
Authors: Blicharski Tomasz , Swiader Katarzyna , Serefko Anna , Kulczycka-Mamona Sylwia , Kolodziejczyk Michal , Szopa Aleksandra 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bilayer and multi-layer tablets are enjoying growing popularity among original drug and generic product manufacturers. Multi-layer tablets have many key benefits compared to classic immediate-release tablets. The use of such solid oral dosage forms simplifies dosing regimens in combination therapy, and thus improves patient compliance. However, the technology of multilayer tablets is demanding and requires precise choice of excipients and production parameters with regard to each technological step. The main benefits of multi-layer tablets, certain aspects of their production and the challenges encountered during the compression process are reviewed in this paper.
Support of Smart Specializations in Polish Regions Under Cohesion Policy - Example of the Lubelskie Voivodeship
Authors: Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska Agnieszka , Stawicki Maciej 
Published: December 2019

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the work is to present the possibilities and assess the use of support for smart specializations under the EU cohesion policy 2014-2020 in the Lubelskie Voivodeship. Research tasks: classification of projects implemented under the ROP of the Lubelskie Voivodeship 2014-2020 (ROP LV) depending on their adaptation to the region’s smart specializations; determining the size of support for the development of region’s smart specializations.

Materials and methods: The research material is a database of projects co-financed from EU funds for 2014-2020, projects implemented under axis 1 of ROP LV were analyzed.

Results: The total value of funding for the region’s smart specializations was PLN 194 million. The largest number of projects was implemented by enterprises within the specialization of IT and automation. About 20% of funds were acquired by entities from outside the smart specialization industries.

Conclusions: ROP LV is an important tool to support research and development activities in the Lubelskie Voivodeship.
The State of and Prospects for the Development of Cycling Tourism in Central Roztocze, According to Tourists
Authors: Kozak Agnieszka 
Published: December 2019

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The purpose of the paper is to present the state of and prospects for the development of cycling tourism in Central Roztocze, a physico-geographical mesoregion in south- eastern Poland.

Materials and methods: The research was carried out by means of a diagnostic survey using the survey technique and a literature review. It was carried out in the period from April to June 2018 on a sample of 128 tourists.

Results: The research showed that tourists most often cycle several times a week, covering distances of more than 30 km. The main reason for visiting this region is its natural values. The general assessment of the tourist routes indicates that they are not sufficiently prepared for tourists. It was also shown that in order to popularise cycling tourism, it is necessary to expand lodging facilities, and to provide more practical information about routes.

Conclusions: The main factor encouraging tourists to visit Central Roztocze is its natural beauty. The general condition of the routes was assessed by the respondents as “average”. The factor conducive to the development of cycling tourism in Central Roztocze might be the development of the cycling infrastructure, including lodging facilities and practical information on cycling trails.
The Role of Payment Cards as a Transaction Tool in Poland
Authors: Golnik Bartosz 
Published: December 2019

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The article addresses the issue of the increasing use of payment cards in Poland and related consequences in the number and volume of transactions cash and cashless. The article analyzes the growing importance of cards as a transaction medium of Poles. The topic of potential alternative payment methods was also discussed.

Materials and methods: The study used the analysis of literature and source data from, among others, National Bank of Poland, prnews.pl, Statista.com database, websites of banks and others. Descriptive and statistical methods were used in order to prepare the research.

Results: In Poland, the number of cards owned by citizens is growing rapidly, as well as the volume and number of transactions concluded with them. Customers, banks and economic and commercial units are most interested in payment cards market.

Conclusions: Transaction with cards deepens customer attachment to a particular brand of the organization and allows to gain benefit from transaction fees. The popularization of cards results in a limited share of cash in transactions. Making debit card payments requires customers to have sufficient deposits on the account, which is also an advantage for the bank. It is expected that the scope and role of mobile payments will grow dynamically.
Application of ZnO-nanoparticles to manage Rhizopus soft rot of sweet potato and prolong shelf-life
Authors: Nafady Nivien A. , Alamri Saad A.M. , Hassan Elhagag Ahmed , Hashem Mohamed , Mostafa Yasser S. , Abo-Elyousr Kamal A.M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A reduction in crop spoilage and an increase in shelf-life is the goal of effective disease control methods. This study aimed to assess ZnO-nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) as a safe, new protectant against Rhizopus soft rot of sweet potato. ZnO-NPs had a fungicidal effect against Rhizopus stolonifer when used at concentrations above 50 ppm. The results showed that tubers treated with ZnO-NPs exhibited fewer fungal populations (1.2 CFU per segment) than those that did not receive the treatment. Tubers infected with Rhizopus stolonifer and treated with ZnO-NPs showed no visible decay for up to 15 days, indicating that ZnO-NPs act as a coating layer on tuber surface. The greatest weight loss after 15 days of storage was reported in infected tubers (8.98%), followed by infected tubers treated with ZnO (6.54%) and infected tubers treated with ZnO-NPs (3.79%). The activity of cell-wall degrading enzymes, α-amylase and cellulase, were significantly increased in both infected tubers and those treated with ZnO, compared to the tubers treated with ZnO-NPs. These results confirm that coating with ZnO-NPs is an effective method of protecting sweet potato tubers from infection, maintaining their quality and increasing their shelf-life for up to 2 months in storage.
Preparedness of Pregraduate Student Nurses to Practice Their Profession in Crèches
Authors: Markova Gergana V. , Dimitrova Evgeniya K. 
Published: December 2019

Summary
Nursing degree courses in Bulgaria provide a wide range of career opportunities to graduates. These opportunities, however, do not solve the current problems of the healthcare system. This communication presents the results of a survey conducted among graduate students majoring in the nursing specialty at the Medical University in Pleven. The survey aimed to acquire information on the graduates’ willingness to practice in nurseries. A questionnaire containing 26 questions specially designed for the study was used. The data were processed with statistical software packages Statgraphics; SPSS v. 19 and Excel for Windows. Despite the sound theoretical and practical course of training, 13 (21.67%) of the students were embarrassed, and 13 said they had been cautious when they first entered a crèches during their training. Almost half of the respondents – 29 (48.33%) reported that they might work in a crèches only if it is necessary, and 16 (26.66%) – never. Only 9 (15.00%) declared they would be committed to caring for children aged one to three years. At the end of their training, student nurses did not feel sufficiently prepared for the psychological and pedagogical challenges to practice their profession in such child day care centers. The respondents had no clear idea of the role of the nurse in a crèches. Very few of the student nurses reported a willingness to work in a crèches.
The Role of Cholesterol in Assessing the Condition of the Surgical Patients
Authors: Stavrova-Hristova Ralitsa P. 
Published: December 2019

Summary
Cholesterol is a white, waxy substance that always takes part in building each cell in the human body. The role of cholesterol in the normal functioning of the human body has been known for a long time, however, it is mainly due to its elevated levels and the health risk of it. It is less well known that low serum cholesterol levels are associated with serious health problems. When it comes to intensive care unit (ICU) patients, hypocholesterolemia may indicate infectious complications, impaired hepatic synthesis, significant bodily injury. Surgical patients are judged for operative trauma and perioperative stress, as well as for the resuscitation process.
Applanation Tonometry for Assessment of Left Ventricular Systolic Load
Authors: Mileva-Popova Rene D. , Belova Nina Y. 
Published: December 2019

Summary
Vascular-ventricular coupling is a major determinant of left ventricular load. The aim of our study was to assess non- invasively left ventricular load and its dependency on central hemodynamics. Sixty-five healthy and gender-matched individuals were divided in two groups according to their age: 20y/o and 50y/o. Applanation tonometry was performed using the Sphygmocor device. Central pressures and pulse wave analysis indices were computed. Central systolic (120±3 vs. 98±2 mm Hg) and pulse pressures (43±3 vs. 29±1 mm Hg) as well as the augmentation index (AIx75) (23±3 vs. 6±2%) were significantly higher in the 50y/o group (p<0.01). These parameters are relevant markers of arterial stiffness and evidenced the development of central arterial morphological and functional alterations in the older subjects. The time-tension index (TTI) computed from the systolic pressure area was significantly higher in the 50y/o subjects as compared to the 20y/o group (2378±66 vs. 1954±73 mmHg×s, p<0.01). Moreover, we have shown the presence of significant correlation between TTI and AIx75 (p<0.01) in both age groups. This finding confirmed the contribution of arterial stiffness for the impaired vascular-ventricular coupling. In conclusion, applanation tonometry might be utilized for non-invasive evaluation of the left ventricular load, which is an important parameter of cardiovascular risk.
Comparative Analysis of Results Between Robot-Assisted and Open Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Kolev Nikolay 
Published: December 2019

Summary
We aimed to compare results between patients with early- stage prostate cancer who underwent robot-assisted and open radical prostatectomy. We examined preoperative and postoperative data, early and late complications, and analysed oncological and functional outcomes (continence and erectile function) during follow-up.
We studied the data of 123 patients with localized prostate cancer, operated with nerve-sparing retropubic radical prostatectomy, divided into two groups. Group 1 included 70 patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Group 2 included 53 patients, on whom open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) was performed. We compared preoperative data, complications rate, oncological, and functional outcome (continence and erectile function) during the follow-up period.
Operative time was significantly lower in the RRP group. Blood loss and earlier removal of the urinary catheter were significantly lower in the RARP group. The percentage of significant postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo III-IV) was 0% in the first group and 3% in the second group. During follow-up, the improvement in the functional outcome - continence and erectile function was significantly better in the robot-assisted surgery patients.
There were statistically significant better functional outcomes in patients operated on using the robot-assisted technique. The operating time was shorter in the classic radical prostatectomy. The application of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy may help achieve earlier recovery, as compared to open radical prostatectomy.
CLIL: Conceptual differences in teaching “realia” to philological and non-philological students
Authors: Javorčíková Jana , Zelenková Anna 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In Slovakia, modern Cultural Studies of English-speaking countries have been integrated into university curricula since the 1990s. However, there is a fundamental difference in the role CLIL plays in teaching “realia” (alternatively: cultural studies, country studies and area studies) for philological students and for business students of non-philological faculties. While philological students study realia with primary linguistic and cultural goals (i.e. to learn new words, terminology, context and comparative cultural aspects), non-philological students’ goals are business oriented (i.e. allow a successful graduate to function effectively in a new business environment). That affects the methodology, teaching procedure and assessment of both disciplines in debate.