bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial distribution and determinants of iron supplementation among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: a spatial and multilevel analysis
Authors: Agegnehu Chilot Desta , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Teshale Achamyeleh Birhanu , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke , Yeshaw Yigizie , Kebede Sewnet Adem , Liyew Alemneh Mekuriaw 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Anemia remains a global public health problem. Despite WHO recommended all pregnant women to have iron supplementation, nearly 50% of maternal anemia in SSA was occurred due to lack of iron supplementation during pregnancy. Maternal anemia is associated with an increased risk of maternal death, obstetric complications, preterm birth, and low birth weight. There is limited evidence on the spatial pattern and determinants of iron supplementation using spatial and multilevel analysis methods. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the spatial pattern, and determinants of iron supplementation in Ethiopia. Methods: We used Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey in 2016 data explore the spatial distribution and associated factors of iron supplementation among women in Ethiopia. A weighted sample of 7589 women were included in the analysis. Bernoulli model was used to explore the purely spatial clusters of pregnant women using SaTScan version 9.6 and ArcGIS version10.3. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify significant individual and community level determinants of iron supplementation. Results: Spatial analysis revealed that there was significant spatial variation of iron supplementation among reproductive age women in Ethiopia with Global Moran’s index value of 0.3 (p <0.001). The primary cluster was in Southwest Somali and Central part of the Oromia region ((LLR=66.69, P<0.001, RR=1.35). ANC visit (AOR= 3.66, 95%CI: 3.21, 417), community education [AOR= 1.31, 95%CI, 1.07, 1.59), media exposure (AOR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.15, 1.53), distance to health facility (AOR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.16, 1.50), region and household wealth index were significantly associated with iron supplementation among women in Ethiopia. Conclusion: The spatial distribution of iron supplementation among reproductive age women were significantly varied across the country with significant hotspot areas located in the Southwest Somali and Central Oromia regions. Besides, ANC visit, region, household wealth index, media exposure, distance to the health facility, and community education were significant determinants of iron supplementation among reproductive age women. Therefore, the finding of this study could help to design effective public health interventions targeting areas low iron supplementation and maternal health services should be delivered in all areas of our country. Keywords : Iron supplementation, spatial analysis, women, Ethiopia
Relationship between Maternal Meat Consumption during Pregnancy and Umbilical Cord Ferritin Concentration
Authors: Castro Mario Moraes , Camacho Fabiola Ruth Castedo , Ceriani Florencia , Fares Nelson , Herrera Tamara Isabel , Ferreira Catalina Vaz , Arocena Elsa , Girona Alejandra , Cavalleri Fiorella , Colistro Valentina , Borbonet Daniel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Nutrition during pregnancy impacts the health of the fetus and the newborn, with effects at the epigenetic level determining long-term neurological consequences. Iron requirements in pregnancy are estimated at 27 mg/day. The best absorbed heme iron is found in meat: beef, pork, poultry, and fish. The determination of ferritin in umbilical cord blood can be used to assess iron deposits reached during the fetal stage. Ferritin levels were associated with long-term effects on child development. Methods A descriptive, observational study with prospectively collected data was carried out during one-year period at the Department of Neonatology of the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center (CHPR) in Montevideo, Uruguay. A total of 188 patients met the inclusion criteria. Umbilical cord blood was drawn following a strict cord clamping after one minute of life. Ferritin was measured using the chemoimmunofluorescence method. A maternal nutritional survey was applied, using a qualitative-quantitative form measuring the frequency of consumption of iron source foods and approximated quantities consumed during the last trimester of pregnancy. This survey was focused on maternal consumption of beef as the major heminic iron source in Uruguay. The relationship between these variables was analysed. Results Latent iron deficiency (ferritin in the umbilical cord <100 ng / ml) was associated with less consumption of beef during pregnancy. Fisher p-value: 0.0133, OR: 3.71, 95% CI [1.25 - 11.05]. Conclusions This study considers adequate evidence that low levels of total iron and meat consumption during pregnancy will determine an increased risk of latent iron deficiency and lower levels of ferritin in newborns, and therefore, greater risk of long-term adverse effects on myelination and neurocognitive development.
A Model of Bed Demand to Facilitate the Implementation of Data-driven Recommendations for COVID-19 Capacity Management
Authors: Zhang Teng , McFarlane Kelly , Vallon Jacqueline , Yang Linying , Xie Jin , Blanchet Jose , Glynn Peter , Staudenmayer Kristan , Schulman Kevin , Scheinker David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:We sought to build an accessible interactive model that could facilitate hospital capacity planning in the presence of significant uncertainty about the proportion of the population that is positive forcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the rate at which COVID-19 is spreading in the population. Our goal was to facilitate the implementation of data-driven recommendations for capacity management with a transparent mathematical simulation designed to answer the specific, local questions hospital leadership considered critical.Methods:The model facilitates hospital planning with estimates of the number of Intensive Care (IC) beds, Acute Care (AC) beds, and ventilators necessary to accommodate patients who require hospitalization for COVID-19 and how these compare to the available resources. Inputs to the model include estimates of the characteristics of the patient population and hospital capacity. We deployed this model as an interactive online tool with modifiable parameters.Results:The use of the model is illustrated by estimating the demand generated by COVID-19+ arrivals for a hypothetical acute care medical center. The model calculated that the number of patients requiring an IC bed would equal the number of IC beds on Day 23, the number of patients requiring a ventilator would equal the number of ventilators available on Day 27, and the number of patients requiring an AC bed and coverage by the Medicine Service would equal the capacity of the Medicine service on Day 21. The model was used to inform COVID-19 planning and decision-making, including Intensive Care Unit (ICU) staffing and ventilator procurement.Conclusion:In response to the COVID-19 epidemic, hospitals must understand their current and future capacity to care for patients with severe illness. While there is significant uncertainty around the parameters used to develop this model, the analysis is based on transparent logic and starts from observed data to provide a robust basis of projections for hospital managers. The model demonstrates the need and provides an approach to address critical questions about staffing patterns for IC and AC, and equipment capacity such as ventilators.Contributions to the literature:· Generation and implementation of data-driven recommendations for hospital capacity management early in the COVID-19 pandemic· The conceptualization, development, and deployment of an interactive simulation model in two weeks· Data-driven capacity management in the presence of significant uncertainty about the expected volume of patients, their clinical needs, and the availability of the workforceTrial Registration: Not applicable
Expression of modified snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin) protein confers insect resistance in Arabidopsis and cotton
Authors: He Peng , Wu Shuyin , Tian Lili , Hu Xiaoli , Chang Shufen , Jiang Yanli , Wu Zhiguo , Yu Jianing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cotton is a major fiber crop in the world that can be severely infested by pests in agricultural fields. Identifying new insect-resistance genes and increasing expression of known insect-resistance genes are imperative in cultivated cotton. Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, a type of plant lectin that is reportedly toxic towards Homoptera sap-sucking pests when administered in their artificial diet or when fed transgenic plant material expressing the gene. The natural GNA gene is mainly expressed in monocotyledons instead of in dicotyledons, thus modification of the gene is necessary to effectively express the GNA gene in transgenic cotton. Results: We report the artificial synthesis of a modified GNA gene (ASGNA), via codon augmentation, and its insertion into Arabidopsis thaliana and cotton to test its efficacy as an insect-resistance gene against cotton aphids and Plutella xylostella. The level of ASGNA expression in transgenic plants was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the amount of ASGNA among transgenic plants reached approximately 6.5 μg/g fresh weight. A feeding bioassay showed that survival and reproductive rates of aphids fed transgenic tissues were significantly lower than those fed wild type tissues. Likewise, larvae mortality of P. xylostella fed with transgenic plants showed significantly increased levels. Similar results were recorded of aphids feeding on cotton cotyledons with transient expression of ASGNA. Conclusions: Altogether, results show that ASGNA exhibited high insecticidal activity towards sap-sucking insects and is a promising candidate gene to improve insect resistance in cotton and other dicot plants.
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Pearl Millet and Sida cordifolia L. to investigate products distribution and bio-oil quality
Authors: LAOUGE Zakari BOUBACAR , MERDUN Hasan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fast pyrolysis is an attractive way of converting abundant biomass resources into valuable products such as bio-oil. Nevertheless, high oxygenated compounds and water content of bio-oil limit its direct use as fuel or chemicals. Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is able to improve bio-oil properties so that downstream upgrading processes can be economically feasible. In this study five different catalysts such as zeolite socony mobil-5 (ZSM-5), cerium dioxide (CeO2), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were employed due to their potential in enhancing bio-oil properties. CFP of pearl millet (PM) and Sida cordifolia (Sida) was performed to investigate the effects of catalysts on the products distribution and chemical contents of bio-oil. The results showed that bio-oil yield decreased during CFP regardless of catalyst and biomass types. Among all catalysts, CeO2 was found to be the most suitable to produce acids and alkanes from CFP of PM; and acids, ketones, and aromatics from CFP of Sida. The high production of ketones from PM and alkanes from Sida was observed with Na2CO3 catalyst. The ZrO2 catalyst indicated the high aromatics production from PM, whereas alcohols, amines, and others were abundant in bio-oil from CFP of PM using ZSM-5. Overall, PM and Sida can be used to produce fuel or value-added chemicals through CFP.
Agreement in left ventricular function measured by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with chronic total occlusion
Authors: Li Jiahui , Zhang Lijun , Wang Yueli , Zuo Huijuan , Huang Rongchong , Yang Xueyao , Han Ye , He Yi , Song Xiantao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To determine the agreement between two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2DTTE) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in left ventricular (LV) function in CTO patients: including end-systolic volume (LVESV), end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), and ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods: Eighty-eight CTO patients were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 2DTTE and CMR within one week of each other. The correlation and agreement of LVEF, LVESV and LVEDV as measured by 2DTTE and CMR were assessed using Pearson correlation, Kappa analysis and Bland-Altman method. Results: The mean age of patients enrolled was 57 ± 10 years. There was a strong correlation (r=0.71, 0.90 and 0.80, respectively, all P<0.001) and a moderately strong agreement (Kappa=0.62, P<0.001) between the two modalities in measurement of LV function. The agreement in patients with EF≧50% was better than in those with an EF <50%. CTO patients without echocardiographic WMA had stronger intermodality correlations (r=0.84, 0.96, and 0.87, respectively) and smaller biases in LV function measurement.Conclusions: The difference in measurement between 2DTTE and CMR should be noticed in CTO patients with EF<50% or abnormal ventricular motion. CMR should be considered in these conditions.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered
Power-Line Interference Removal from High Sampled ECG Signals Using Modified Version of the Subtraction Procedure
Authors: Dotsinsky Ivan , Stoyanov Todor , Mihov Georgy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe acquired ECG signals are often contaminated by residual Power-Line Interference (PLI). A lot of methods, algorithms and techniques for PLI reduction have been published over the last few decades. The so called subtraction procedure is known to eliminate almost totally the interference without affecting the signal spectrum. The goal of our research was to develop a heuristic version of the procedure intended for ECG signals with high SR up to 128 kHz.ResultsThe PLI is extracted from the corrupted signal by technique similar to second order band-pass filter but with practically zero phase error. The sample number as well as the left and right parts outside the samples belonging to a current sine wave are counted and measured. They are used to compensate the error arising with the shift between the moving averaged free of PLI signal samples and their real position along the linear segments (usually PQ and TP intervals having frequency band near to zero). The here calculated PLI components are appropriately interpolated to ‘clean’ the dynamically changed in amplitude and position contaminated samples within the non-linear segments (QRS complexes and high T waves).ConclusionsThe reported version of the subtraction procedure is tested with 5 and 128 kHz sampled ECG signals. The maximum absolute error is about 20 μV except for the edges of the recordings. Finally, an approach to PLI elimination from paced ECG signals is proposed. It includes pace pulse elimination, signal re-sampling down to 4 kHz and subtraction procedure implementation followed by adding back the pace pulses.
Deep Brain Stimulation Effects on Olfactory Dysfunction of Parkinson’s Disease - A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Chao , Chu Xue-lian , Tian Min , Li Feng , Xu Shu-jun , Zhang Chao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-motor symptoms in PD usually arise at very early stage and suffer the damage decades from diagnose. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered as a highly efficient treatment option for PD’s motor function. However, the effect of DBS on NMS, especially hyposmia, has not been fully understood and there are contradictory data among different researches.Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of DBS on hyposmia in PD patients with a cohort study and identified whether the olfactory function scores influence the final surgery effect.Methods: A meta-analysis including six studies with 326 patients were conducted to evaluate the exact therapeutic effect of DBS on hyposmia in PD. Sub-group analyses based on sample size, gender, stimulation parameters were carried out to distinguish the difference. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate studies’ heterogeneity and stability. Potential publication bias were evaluated by Egger’s tests and the funnel plots.Results: Our study showed that DBS had clearly improved olfactory function in Parkinson patients (P < 0.0001) and the group heterogeneity as well as the publication bias advocate the convince of the result (Heterogeneity: Chi² = 6.39, df = 5 (P = 0.38); I² = 22%). Subgroup analysis also found that different groups of gender, education level or stimulation parameters have no obvious discrepancy on olfactory function improvement except age groups.Conclusion: In summary, this article summarize studies about DBS and hyposmia and offer evidences for the notion that DBS has authentic therapeutic value on the hyposmia in PD.
Heart failure as a cause of hospitalization in IPF: comparison of the HFpEF, HFrEF, and PH
Authors: Yamazaki Ryo , Nishiyama Osamu , Yoshikawa Kazuya , Saeki Sho , Sano Hiroyuki , Iwanaga Takashi , Tohda Yuji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and fibrosing lung disease. Some IPF patients require hospitalization because of heart failure (HF), including HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and HF due to pulmonary hypertension (HFPH). However, the association between IPF and HF has not been clarified. We retrospectively investigated the clinical features and outcomes of patients with IPF and HF.
Methods

We examined the data of patients with IPF who were admitted for HF to the Kindai University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2018.
Results

During the study period, 37 patients with IPF were hospitalized because of HF. Among the 34 patients finally included in the study, 17 (50.0%) were diagnosed with HFpEF, 6 (17.6%) with HFrEF, and 11 (32.3%) with HFPH. Patients with HFrEF had significantly higher values for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and left ventricular (LV) end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters than patients with HFpEF and HFPH (BNP: P = 0.01 and P = 0.0004, LV end-systolic diameter: P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, and LV end-diastolic diameter: P = 0.01 and P = 0.0004, respectively). Notably, the difference between the LVEFs of the patients with HFpEF or HFPH was not significant. The patients with HFpEF had the best 30-day mortality rate (0%, P = 0.02).
Conclusions

In patients with IPF, HFpEF is the most common type of HF that requires nonelective hospitalization. Patients with HFpEF survived longer than patients with the 2 other types of HF.
A Case Report of Malaria-associated Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Duan Meili 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria-associated secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is rare. Moreover, the literature on malaria-associated HLH is sparse, and there are no similar cases reported in China.Case presentation: We report a case of a 29-year-old young woman with unexplained intermittent fever who was admitted to our hospital due to an unclear diagnosis. The patient concealed her history of travel to Nigeria and Dubai before onset. We made a diagnosis of malaria-associated secondary HLH. The treatment strategy for the patient included treatment of the inciting factor (artemether for 9 days followed by artemisinin for 5 days), the use of immunosuppressants (steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin) and supportive care. The patient was discharged in normal physical condition after 25 days of intensive care. No relapses were documented on follow-up at six months and 1 year. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of the primary disease along with timely intervention and a multidisciplinary approach can help patients achieve a satisfactory outcome.
Association Of Multispecific Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization With HLA-Class II Variants is Related to Mjor RhD Phenotypes
Authors: Maluskova Alena , Mrazek Frantisek , Kozelska Renata , Koristka Martin , Cermakova Zuzana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

It remains unclear why only some patients form alloantibodies against foreign RBC antigens. Transfusion of red blood cell (RBC) products and pregnancy are the most relevant causes of immunization against RBC alloantigens. Here we investigated the relationship between RBC alloantibodies, Rh phenotype, and HLA phenotype among patients with multiple RBC alloantibodies
Methods

In a group of 124 multi-responders—including both pregnant women and transplant recipients—we analyzed the distribution of HLA-Class II variants in subgroups of multi-responders to RBC alloantigens according to their Rh status.
Results

As expected, the RhD-negative phenotype was overrepresented in our alloimmunized group (49.2%) compared to in the general population. Importantly, HLA-DRB1*15 carriers were significantly overrepresented among D-negative multi-responders compared to D-positive multi-responders (Pc = 0.045). Furthermore, the linked HLA-DRB1*13, HLA-DQB1*06, and HLA-DQA1*01 variants were more frequent in individuals with the DCCee phenotype than in other RhD-positive phenotypes.
Conclusion

Our present findings showed that RBC multispecific alloimmunization was associated with particular HLA-Class II variants based on Rh status.
Investigation on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers for Aid in Hu Bei Province During the Outbreak of Covid-19 Based on the Network Survey
Authors: Zhpu Peng , Du Na , OuYang Yingjie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:The objective of this study isto explore the mental health of healthcare workers went to Hubei for assistance during the outbreak of COVID-19.A total of 210 medical staff who traveled to Hubei Province for assistance in the first time completed the online questionnaire, including the Sleep Self-Assessment Scale (SRSS), Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), and 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results:The average score of the SRSS of all the subjects（25.13±6.41）was significantly higher than the national norm（22.14±5.48）(p <0.001). The average score of the GAD-7 of all subjects（12.37±4.89）was at the level of moderate anxiety, while the average score of the PHQ-9 of them （8.90±5.42）was at the level of mild depression. The scores of SRSS and GAD-7 of all males（26.60±6.38, 14.45±3.80）were significantly higher than those of females（23.67±6.12, 10.28±4.99）(p <0.01).Conclusions: In this epidemic, the sleep quality of frontline medical staff in Hubei Province is poor, and the symptoms of anxiety and depression are common, while the anxiety is more prominent. Among them, the sleep and anxiety symptoms of males are more obvious than that of women, suggesting that we should pay attention to the psychological support of male doctors and nurses and provide them with appropriate psychological decompression training.