bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride Based on Nafion/Graphene Oxide/Zeolite Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Fekry Amany M. , Abdel‐Gawad Soha A. , Azab Shereen M. , Walcarius Alain 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with Nafion, Graphene oxide and zeolite has been prepared and characterized, and the resulting Nafion/Graphene oxide/Zeolite modified carbon paste electrode (N/G/Z/MCPE) has been applied to the electrochemical detection of Moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOXI). It exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity in phosphate buffer (optimum at pH 7.4), as pointed out by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and N/G/Z/MCPE can be exploited for MOXI detection by chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry. This latter was the most sensitive one and gave rise to a linear calibration curve in the 0.04 to 250 μM concentration range, with limits of detection and qualification estimated at 1.0 nM and 3.3 nM, respectively. Contrary to previous electrochemical sensors for MOXI (e. g., CPE modified with metal nanoparticles), this new sensor can be used for multiple successive analyses without needing to refresh its surface.
Electrochemical Sensing Platform Based on Lotus Stem‐derived Porous Carbon for the Simultaneous Determination of Hydroquinone, Catechol and Nitrite
Authors: Lu Zhenyong , Wang Yue , Hasebe Yasushi , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA simple and highly selective electrochemical sensor based on carbonized lotus stem (CLS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of hydroquinone (HQ), catechol (CC), and nitrite (NT) by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry (AMP) methods. The CLS was characterized by the methods including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), Raman spectrum, FT‐IR spectrum and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) method was used to evaluate the pore structure and surface area of CLS. The oxidation peaks for HQ (116.2 mV), CC (220.1 mV), and NT (818.9 mV) were well separated under optimized conditions, which improved their simultaneous determination. The CLS modified electrode showed a good linear range between 1.0×10 −6 to 7.0×10 −4 M for HQ, and the detection limit was calculated as 0.15 μM. For CC the linear relationship was 1.0×10 −6 to 3.0×10 −3 M with the detection limit of 0.11 μM. For NT the linear relationship was 5.0×10 −7 to 4.0×10 −3 M with the detection limit of 0.09 μM. The results indicated that the intrinsic structure of natural biomass can be expected to design porous carbon for electrochemical sensors.
A survey of electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics for cancer cells manipulation
Authors: Romero‐Soto Fabian O. , Polanco‐Oliva Maria I. , Gallo‐Villanueva Roberto C. , Martinez‐Chapa Sergio O. , Perez‐Gonzalez Victor H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of annual deaths worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths each year. Metastasis, the process by which cancer spreads across the patient's body, is the main cause of death in cancer patients. Because the rising trend observed in statistics of new cancer cases and cancer‐related deaths does not allow for an optimistic viewpoint on the future—in relation to this terrible disease—the scientific community has sought methods to enable early detection of cancer and prevent the apparition of metastatic tumors. One such method is known as liquid biopsy, wherein a sample is taken from a bodily fluid and analyzed for the presence of CTCs or other cancer biomarkers (e.g., growth factors). With this objective, interest is growing by year in electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics applied for the concentration, capture, filtration, transportation, and characterization of CTCs. Electrokinetic techniques—electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, electrorotation, and electrothermal and EOF—have great potential for miniaturization and integration with electronic instrumentation for the development of point‐of‐care devices, which can become a tool for early cancer diagnostics and for the design of personalized therapeutics. In this contribution, we review the state of the art of electrokinetically‐driven microfluidics for cancer cells manipulation.
Photocatalytic water splitting with noble‐metal free cocatalysts for a comprehensive study of two nonidentical photoreactors designs
Authors: Vicentini Jean César Marinozi , Manieri Rafael , Subtil Gimerson Weigert , de Oliveira Tavares Fernanda , de Oliveira Daiane Marques , Yassue‐Cordeiro Patrícia Hissae , Enzweiler Heveline , Gimenes Marcelino Luiz , Alves Maria do Carmo Martins , Morais Jonder , Scaliante Mara Heloisa Neves Olsen , de Souza Marcos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHere, the authors (i) discuss the most prominent co‐catalyst for H2 generation structured in the form of Me‐TiO2/MCM‐41 (Me: Ag, Co, Cu, Ni) based on structural, electronic, textural, morphological and optical characterization techniques, such as XRD, wide and small angle, XPS, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, B.E.T., textural analysis, photoacoustic spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy; and (ii) evaluate the difference in hydrogen production in two distinct geometric reactors based on a theoretical study of light distribution inside the reactors supported by the experimental quantum yield calculation. As a result, copper‐doped photocatalyst generated higher hydrogen amount compared to the others. The high photocatalyst performance was due to the greater lamp spectrum absorption, marked by the low bandgap value, and high photoactivity justified by the low rate of electronic recombination. The hydrogen generation in the quartz reactor was seven times higher than the annular one, and when at maximum light power, it is comparable to the most sophisticated reaction systems found in literature. The larger light exposure area per unit volume of the quartz reactor compared to the annular one is the reason why it obtained better results due to the lower emitted photon blockade, with a 1.81% apparent quantum yield.
Synthesis of iron molybdate from molybdenum spent catalyst and evaluation of its electrochemical properties
Authors: Barik Rasmita , Mukherjee Priyanka , Sahu Kishor Kumar , Sanjay Kali , Ghosh Malay Kumar , Mohapatra Mamata 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe current manuscript deals with synthesis of iron molybdate nano‐material from molybdenum spent catalyst via roasting, leaching, and hydrothermal precipitation. Experimental parameters like ratio of spent catalyst to sodium carbonate during roasting, time duration of leaching, and concentration of ammonia to obtain molybdenum into leach solution were optimized. A maximum 93% Mo was extracted from roasted catalyst in 5 M ammonia at 80°C for 5 h leaching condition. Then from the leach liquor, iron molybdate Fe2(MoO4)3 was synthesized by hydrothermal method in different iron precursors such as ferrous ammonium sulphate, ferric nitrate, and ferric sulphate. Then, different synthesis parameters were optimized for the synthesis of Fe2(MoO4)3. Based on the optimal conditions, a tentative flow‐sheet has been proposed and factors influencing the morphology of the product have been discussed. This Fe2(MoO4)3 showed capacitive behavior confirmed through cyclic voltammetry study and a maximum specific capacitance of 33 F g−1 was estimated.
Dual coating strategy of CoS2@Co@C toward fast insertion/extraction anode material for sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Abubshait Haya A. , Alshahrani Thamraa , Alhashim Hala H. , Flemban Tahani H. , Ali Ghulam , Mahmood Qasim , Laref Amel , Kattan Nessrin A 
Published: November 2020

SummaryRechargeable sodium‐ion batteries are facing the challenge of highly electrochemical active anode for their realization. In this study, we report a dual coating strategy of CoS2 with metallic Co particles and carbon to boost the charge transfer and stability. The phase of CoS2 and the existence of Co metallic particles were confirmed using x‐ray diffraction (XRD). x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results corroborate the presence of carbon and CoS bonding. The prepared CoS2@Co@C anode reveals high performance where it shows a capacity of 712 mA h g−1 at 0.05 C rate. The CoS2@Co@C electrode exhibits exceptional high rate capability where it exhibits a capacity of 260 mA h g−1 at elevated rate of 10.0 C. The cyclability of CoS2@Co@C anode is tested at 0.05 C and 0.5 C rates where the electrode shows 78% and 45% capacity retention of stabilized capacity. The reaction mechanism of the CoS2@Co@C electrode is determined using x‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and the results show reversibility of the material.
A software‐defined networks‐based measurement method of network traffic for 6G technologies
Authors: Huo Liuwei , Jiang Dingde , Lv Zhihan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn software‐defined networks (SDN) for 6G technologies, the controller should accurately and efficiently measure the flow traffic in switches for traffic engineering. Fine‐grained flow measurement can more accurately describe the traffic in the network, but it also consumes much more resources. To reduce the overhead incurred in the measurement process and obtain the approximate fine‐grained measurements, we propose a novel lightweight measurement scheme that runs in the controller. The novel lightweight measurement architecture consists of two parts: coarse‐grained measurement and interpolation‐optimization. In the first part, based on the SDN architecture, we use the pull‐based random sampling method to quickly obtain the coarse‐grained measurement of flow traffic through OpenFlow protocol. In the second part, we insert some discrete values into the coarse‐grained measurement with the interpolation theory, then we optimize interpolation results until finding the optimal fine‐grained flow traffic measurement by utilizing the multiconstraint method. We verified the feasibility of the proposed measurement method, and simulation results show that the measurement error of the proposed method is under 25%, but the flow measurement overhead of this method occupies only 3.3% compared with that of the fine‐grained method.
Forecasting US stock market volatility: How to use international volatility information
Authors: Zhang Yaojie , Wang Yudong , Ma Feng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to accurately forecast US stock market volatility by using international market volatility information flows. The results show the significant ability of the combined international volatility information to predict US stock volatility. The predictability is found to be both statistically and economically significant. Furthermore, in this framework, we compare the performance of a large set of approaches dealing with multivariate information. Dynamic model averaging (DMA) and dynamic model selection (DMS) perform better than a wide variety of competing strategies, including the heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) benchmark, kitchen sink model, popular forecast combinations, principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares (PLS), and the ridge, lasso, and elastic net shrinkage methods. A wide range of extensions and robustness checks reduce the concern regarding data mining. DMA and DMS are also able to significantly forecast international stock market volatilities.
Synergistic anticancer activity of sorafenib, paclitaxel, and radiation therapy on anaplastic thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Kim Soo Young , Kim Seok‐Mo , Chang Hojin , Chang Hang‐Seok , Park Cheong Soo , Lee Yong Sang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the antitumor activity of paclitaxel with radiation and sorafenib in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells in vitro and in vivo.MethodsThe 8505C ATC cell line was exposed to radiation, sorafenib, and paclitaxel each or in combination. The effects of combined treatment on the cell cycle and intracellular signaling pathways were assessed using flow cytometry and western blot analysis. An ATC cell line xenograft model was used to examine antitumor activity in vivo.ResultsRadiation, paclitaxel plus sorafenib synergistically decreased cell viability in ATC cells and significantly increased apoptotic cell death. The combination of paclitaxel, sorafenib with radiation reduced the antiapoptotic factor in ATC. This combination therapy significantly reduced the tumor volume and increased survival in the ATC xenograft model.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the combination of radiation and paclitaxel plus sorafenib has significant anticancer activity in preclinical models.
Preferences and perspectives on vaginal breech delivery in Ghana
Authors: Lawrence Emma R. , Appiah‐Kubi Adu , Konney Thomas O. , Bell Sarah G. , Tawiah Augustine , Compton Sarah D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate obstetrician/gynecologist and midwife perspectives and experiences with vaginal breech deliveries in Ghana.MethodsRespondents completed a survey on their experiences, training, comfort levels, and decision making about vaginal breech deliveries. Comparisons were made across obstetricians/gynecologists and midwives. Multiple logistic regression explored predictors of comfort performing vaginal breech deliveries.ResultsRespondents comprised 93 (36.5%) obstetricians/gynecologists and 162 (63.5%) midwives. Most believed that some breech fetuses should be delivered vaginally, with higher agreement from obstetricians/gynecologists than from midwives (n = 86, 97.7% versus n = 207, 80.8%, P = 0.001). Midwives were more likely to strongly agree that training was adequate for obstetricians/gynecologists (n = 65, 55.6% versus n = 8, 9.8%, P < 0.001) and midwives (n = 60, 49.6% versus n = 6, 7.4%, P < 0.001). Most (n = 192, 94%) respondents wanted more experience and/or training. Despite most providers performing only one ot five breech vaginal deliveries yearly, 77.4% (n = 199) were comfortable performing them and 79.5% (n = 202) were comfortable supervising them. Significant predictors of comfort performing vaginal breech delivery were perceived adequacy of training (odds ratio 8.74, 95% CI 3.39–22.52) and belief that vaginal breech deliveries should be performed (odds ratio 4.28, 95% CI 1.33–13.72).ConclusionRespondents were more likely to feel comfortable performing breech vaginal deliveries if they felt that their training was adequate. Vaginal breech deliveries can only be offered as safe alternatives to cesarean delivery if training and experience are maintained in low‐resource settings.
Mapping the cervical cancer screening cascade among women living with HIV in Johannesburg, South Africaa
Authors: Rohner Eliane , Mulongo Masangu , Pasipamire Tafadzwa , Oberlin Austin M. , Goeieman Bridgette , Williams Sophie , Lubeya Mwansa K. , Rahangdale Lisa , Chibwesha Carla J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo map the cervical cancer screening cascade among women living with HIV attending a public‐sector cytology screening program in Johannesburg, South Africa.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of routinely collected clinical data captured in an electronic medical record system. Women (≥18 years) living with HIV with an abnormal Pap result between January 2013 and May 2018 were included. The proportion of women who received follow‐up consistent with extant clinical guidelines, stratified by their initial Pap smear result, was examined.ResultsThe study included 2072 women: 1384 (66.8%) with a low‐risk Pap result, 681 (32.9%) with a high‐risk Pap result, and 7 (0.3%) with suspected cancer. Only 174 (25.6%) women with a high‐risk Pap result underwent guideline‐indicated management within 18 months. Among women with a low‐risk Pap result, 375 (27.1%) received follow‐up within 1 year; the cumulative incidence of follow‐up increased to 63.1% at 3 years. All women with suspected cancer either received a colposcopic biopsy or were referred for further treatment.ConclusionAttrition among South African women living with HIV who attended cervical screening in an urban public‐sector program was high. Developing tailored interventions to address bottlenecks in the care cascade and improve cervical screening outcomes will be central to eliminating cervical cancer.
Wave optical simulation of retinal images in laser safety evaluations
Authors: Kotzur Sebastian , Wahl Siegfried , Frederiksen Annette 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLasers with wavelengths in the visible and near infrared region, pose a potential hazard to vision as the radiation can be focused on the retina. The laser safety standard IEC 60825–1:2014 provides limits and evaluation methods to perform a classification for such systems. An important parameter is the retinal spot size which is described by the angular subtense of the apparent source. In laser safety evaluations, the radiation is often described as a Gaussian beam and the image on the retina is calculated using the wave optical propagation through a thin lens. For coherent radiation, this method can be insufficient as the diffraction effects of the pupil aperture influence the retinal image. In this publication, we analyze these effects and propose a general analytical calculation method for the angular subtense. The proposed formula is validated for collimated and divergent Gaussian beams.
Probing the Scope and Mechanisms of Calcitriol Actions Using Genetically Modified Mouse Models
Authors: Miao Dengshun , Goltzman David 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTGenetically modified mice have provided novel insights into the mechanisms of activation and inactivation of vitamin D, and in the process have provided phenocopies of acquired human disease such as rickets and osteomalacia and inherited diseases such as pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets, hereditary vitamin D resistant rickets, and idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia. Both global and tissue‐specific deletion studies leading to decreases of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D], and/or of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), have demonstrated the primary role of calcitriol and VDR in bone, cartilage and tooth development and in the regulation of mineral metabolism and of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and FGF23, which modulate calcium and phosphate fluxes. They have also, however, extended the spectrum of actions of calcitriol and the VDR to include, among others: modulation, jointly and independently, of skin metabolism; joint regulation of adipose tissue metabolism; cardiovascular function; and immune function. Genetic studies in older mice have also shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the important role of the calcitriol/VDR pathway in diseases of aging such as osteoporosis and cancer. In the course of these studies in diverse tissues, important upstream and downstream, often tissue‐selective, pathways have been illuminated, and intracrine, as well as endocrine actions have been described. Human studies to date have focused on acquired or genetic deficiencies of the prohormone vitamin D or the (generally inactive) precursor metabolite 25‐hyrodxyvitamin D, but have yet to probe the pleiotropic aspects of deficiency of the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, in human disease. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Burden of Disease in Patients With Tumor‐Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Jerkovich Fernando , Nuñez Selva , Mocarbel Yamile , Pignatta Analía , Elías Natalia , Cassinelli Hamilton , Díaz Adriana Graciela , Vigovich Carlos , Balonga María Celeste , Cohen Ana Carolina , Mumbach Giselle , Gonzalez Sofía , Zanchetta José Rubén , Zanchetta María Belén 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTTumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a chronic condition associated with muscle weakness and long‐term disability. We conducted a cross‐sectional study of patients diagnosed with TIO who had been referred to our institution between May 2018 and December 2019. Our aim was to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), fatigue, pain, and muscle mass and strength in these patients. Detailed information was obtained regarding general characteristics, initial symptoms and biochemical parameters measured at diagnosis and on the first visit to our institution. Fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Fatigue (FACIT‐Fatigue) scale, pain using the Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form (BPI‐sf) scale and HRQoL by the 36‐item Short Form survey (SF‐36) questionnaire. Eight patients were included in the study: three without tumor localization, four with nonremission after surgery, and one with clinical recurrence 2 years after surgery. Fatigue experienced by patients with TIO was significantly higher compared to the general population (p ˂ .0001). The physical summary measure of the SF‐36 showed significantly lower values than those of the Argentinean population with chronic conditions (mean 20.4 versus 45.9, p < .0001). According to the BPI‐sf, patients with TIO have moderate average pain and the pain interferes severely with walking, general activities, work, and mood. Seven patients had a diagnosis of sarcopenia, four of which had severe sarcopenia. To our best knowledge, this is the first study aimed to quantify fatigue, pain, HRQoL, and muscle mass and strength in a group of patients with TIO. We hope our results contribute to a better understanding of the burden of disease and to establish a basis for future studies—with larger samples—which will make it possible to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions for these conditions. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Sevelamer Use, Vitamin K Levels, Vascular Calcifications, and Vertebral Fractures in Hemodialysis Patients: Results from the VIKI Study
Authors: Fusaro Maria , Cozzolino Mario , Plebani Mario , Iervasi Giorgio , Ketteler Markus , Gallieni Maurizio , Aghi Andrea , Locatelli Francesco , Cunningham John , Salam Syazrah , Zaninotto Martina , Ravera Maura , Russo Domenico , Mereu Maria Cristina , Giannini Sandro , Brandi Maria Luisa , Ferrari Serge , Sella Stefania , Egan Colin Gerard , Bellasi Antonio , Di Lullo Luca , Tripepi Giovanni , Nickolas Thomas 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Hyperphosphatemia is a risk factor for vascular calcifications (VCs), which are part of the chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD). Vitamin K-dependent proteins such as matrix Gla protein (MGP) and bone Gla proteins (BGP, or osteocalcin) can inhibit VCs and regulate bone mineralization. In this analysis of the Vitamin K Italian (VIKI) study, the relationship between vitamin K status, vertebral fractures (VFs) and VCs in 387 hemodialysis (HD) patients with (N = 163; 42.1%) or without N = 224; 57.9%) sevelamer was evaluated. Levels of vitamin K vitamers K1 and K2 or menaquinones (MK; MK4–7), total and undercarboxylated (uc) forms for both BGP and MGP were determined. Although no differences in clinical characteristics were noted, lower levels of MK4 (0.45 versus 0.6 ng/mL, p = .01) and a greater MK4 deficiency was observed in sevelamer-treated patients (13.5% versus 5.4%, p = .005). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that MK4 deficiency was associated with sevelamer use (odds ratio [OR] = 2.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–5.58, p = .011) and aortic calcification (OR = 8.04, 95% CI 1.07–60.26, p = .04). In the same logistic model, sevelamer amplified the effect of total BGP levels on the odds of VFs in patients with total BGP &lt;150 μg/L compared with those with total BGP ≥150 μg/L (OR = 3.15, 95% CI 1.46–6.76, p = .003). In contrast, there was no such effect in those untreated (total BGP &lt;150 μg/L versus total BGP ≥150 μg/L: OR = 1.21, 95% CI 0.66–2.23, p = .54]; p = .049 for effect modification by sevelamer). Sevelamer may interfere with MK4 levels in HD patients and interact with low BGP levels to increase bone fractures in CKD patients. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).