bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug-Induced Heart Failure (Part 2: Mechanisms of Development, Clinical Signs, Differential Diagnosis, Risk Factors, Treatment and Prevention)
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Goloborodova I. V. 
Published: June 2020

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome caused by an impaired pumping function of the heart muscle, etiologically associated with cardiovascular disease and, in the vast majority of cases, requiring complex therapeutic regimens and simultaneous prescription of several drugs. To date, we know several classes of drugs (including those used for heart failure) which can induce development/progression of heart failure in both patients with left ventricular dysfunction, and in patients who do not have cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to analyse and systematize data on development mechanisms, as well as methods of prevention and treatment of drug-induced heart failure when using diff erent groups of drugs. It has been established that drug-induced heart failure is most often associated with the use of calcium channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine), beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs (disopyramide, fl ecainide, propafenone, amiodarone, ibutilide, dofetilide, dronedarone), anthracyclines (doxorubicin) and other antitumor drugs (trastuzumab, bevacizumab, infl iximab), hypoglycemic drugs (thiazolidinediones, saxagliptin, alogliptin), and nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs, including selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. The study revealed various mechanisms of heart failure development following drug treatment. In some patients, heart failure development is associated with the cardiotoxic eff ect of a particular drug, in others with adverse eff ects on hemodynamics. Much depends on risks of developing heart failure, including specifi c risks attributable to groups of drugs and individual drugs. The identifi cation of drugs that can contribute to the development/ progression of heart failure, and possible clinical manifestations of drug-induced heart failure, as well as provision of timely information to physicians, and engagement of clinical pharmacologists with the aim of optimizing treatment of patients can facilitate timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of drug-induced heart failure.
Mycobiota in Mycobiota in the grain of the oat breeding lines produced in 2019 in competitive variety trials on the fields of Nemchinovka Federal Research Center, Moscow Provincepetitive variety trials on the fields of Nemchinovka Federal Research Center, Moscow Province
Authors: Gavrilova O. P. , Gagkaeva T. Yu. , Orina A. S. , Markova A. S. , Kabashov A. D. , Loskutov I. G. 
Published: June 2020

Background. The requirement for high-quality oat grain for food production leads to the need for studying the resistance of this cereal crop to harmful diseases and for the development of new productive cultivars.Materials and methods. A comparative characterization was performed among the breeding lines of naked oats from Nemchinovka Federal Research Center according to the parameters of microbiological purity of grain. The mycological method was applied for the analysis of infection in the oat grain, and fungal species composition was identified. The DNA amount of toxin-producing species from genus Fusarium Link in the grain was detected using the real-time PCR, and the amount of mycotoxins was measured by the enzyme immunoassay.Results. The fungi of Alternaria Nees, Fusarium, Cladosporium Link, Cochliobolus Drechsler, Epicoccum Link were associated with oat grain. Uniquely high infection of the grain by F. langsethiae Torp & Nirenberg (14%) was found under the natural conditions of the Central Region of Russia. The differences revealed among the analyzed breeding lines and cultivars in the DNA amount of F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides Sherb. were from 1.3×10-4 to 7.2×10-3 pg/ng in the total DNA, and from 5 to 1230 μg/kg in the content of T-2/ HT-2 toxins.Conclusion. All naked oat breeding lines were relatively resistant to Fusarium infection and proved the best as regards the mycotoxin contamination of the grain against the reference hulled cultivar ‘Yakov’. In the competitive variety trials, three lines – 66h2618, 54h2476 and 70h2613 – were characterized as relatively resistant to Fusarium disease, compared with the naked oat reference ‘Vyatsky golozerny’.
Changes in oat grain yield and quality with increased adaptability of cultivars
Authors: Nikolaev P. N. , Yusova O. A. , Safonova I. V. , Aniskov N. I. 
Published: June 2020

Background. Among spring cereals, oat is one of the main grain crops in Siberia. The aim of this study was to determine how the parameters of adaptability in oat cultivars are correlated with yield and basic indicators of grain quality.Material and methods. The studies were carried out from 2011 to 2019 in the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia. The content of protein, crude fat and starch in grain, and its hull content were measured according to B. V. Pleshkov and N. S. Berkutova. Mathematical processing was performed following the guidelines by B. A. Dospekhov, S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell.Results. There was a significant variation in grain yield and grain quality (CV > 20%) in oat cultivars due to a high contribution from the conditions of the year (26.7...80.9%) as well as a strong direct (r = 0,607...0.825) or strong reverse (r = –0.660...–0.994) conjugation with climatic factors. As the protein content in grain increased, starch, oil (r = 0.960...0.962) and hull content (r = 0.442) increased as well. Naked oat cultivars manifested higher grain quality (4.6% protein, 17.6% starch, and 2.2% crude fat) and reduced yield (–1.45 t/ha) compared with hulled oat cultivars.Conclusion. Increased plasticity (bi) and stability (σ2d) of oat cultivars contributed to higher yields (rbi = 0.943;rσ2d = 0.344) but reduced grain quality indicators (rbi = –0.697…–0.812;rσ2d = –0.270…–0.300). Hull content in plastic cultivars decreased (rbi = –0.201).
Record on Macroscopic Fungi at IPB University Campus Forest : Description and Potential Utilization
Authors: Putra Ivan Permana 
Published: June 2020

<p>Fungi are ubiquitous and worldwide in distribution. It is estimated that tropical region such as Indonesia has high diversity of macro fungi. Studies on the diversity and potential utilization of macrofungi have gained significance during the recent years in Indonesia. However, information provide in the term of institutional area are still limited, and campus forest is no exception. The aim of this study was to collect information of mushroom diversity at IPB Unversity Campus Forest as inital step to maximize the potential utilization in the future. All mushrooms found were Basidiomycota which dominated by the order of Agaricales. A total of 11 mushroom were identified and described in this study, namely : <em>Crinipellis</em><em> </em>sp., <em>Marasmius </em>sp.1, <em>Marasmius </em>sp.2, <em>Termitomyces</em><em> </em>sp., <em>Cortinarius </em>sp., <em>Coprinellus </em>sp., <em>Pluteus </em>sp., <em>Gymnopus </em>sp., <em>Schizophyllum</em> sp., <em>Lentinus </em>sp.1,and <em>Lentinus </em>sp.2. Some wild macroscopic fungi found to be potentially used as food source, secondary metabolites source, medicine, and also decomposer in sampling site.</p><p><strong>K</strong><strong>eywords</strong>: Macro Fungi, Diversity, Potency, IPB University.</p>
OCORRÊNCIA E DIAGNÓSTICO DO CÂNCER DE COLO DO ÚTERO EM BARRA DO GARÇAS – MT
Authors: da Silva Priscilla Nicácio , Carvalho Andiara , De Souza Thayanne Gabrielly Ribeiro , Katagiri Satie 
Published: June 2020

O câncer do colo do útero atualmente é considerado um importante problema de saúde pública, especialmente por se tratar do terceiro tipo de câncer mais prevalente em mulheres. Considerando a gravidade desta patologia, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o perfil de atendimento no rastreamento do câncer do colo de útero, correlacionando o trabalho laboratorial com o relatório de coletas do SISCOLO. O estudo possui natureza retrospectiva, descritiva, exploratória e quantitativa, com dados coletados a partir dos relatórios internos de registros citopatológicos do laboratório e do relatório anual do SISCOLO no Município de Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso. Evidenciou-se que o município coletou e analisou cerca de 65% de material citopatológico da população total de mulheres. Não houve quantidade significativa de amostra insatisfatória (0,5%), sendo a maior parte das amostras satisfatórias para análise. Persistiram no material analisado 0,8% de lesão intra-epitelial de baixo grau, 0,5% de lesão intra-epitelial de alto grau e 0,01% de adenocarcinoma in situ. Conclui-se que o Município não consegue cumprir a meta para rastreamento do câncer do colo de útero preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde sendo evidenciado baixa taxa de coleta de material e baixa prevalência de lesões intra-epiteliais precursoras do câncer do colo do útero. Desta forma, ações mais efetivas e incisivas devem ser realizadas com vistas à divulgação da importância do exame preventivo bem como dos métodos de controle e profilaxia da doença entre mulheres.
Serum biochemical and inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Yeldu Mohammed Haruna , Mus’ab Ahmed 
Published: June 2020

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of cardio-metabolic risk factors including obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and hypertension.
Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed at determining the serum concentrations of biochemical and inflammatory cytokines and assesses the correlation between the biochemical and inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Methods: Twenty rats were divided into 2 groups of 10 each: control (fructose untreated) and the fructose treated group. MetS was induced by oral administration of 10% fructose in water for 32 weeks. At the end of the experiment, rats were fasted for 12 hours and blood samples collected and body weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid profile, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using standard techniques.
Result: Result indicated significantly (P< 0.05) increased FBG, body weight, BMI, serum TC and LDL-C while, HDL-C levels significantly (P< 0.05) decreased in MetS group compared with controls. However, the levels of VLDL-C, TG and AIX were not significantly (P > 0.05) different between the groups. Significantly (P< 0.05) increased serum IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were observed in MetS group compared with controls. Serum IL-10 and TNF- α were inversely correlated with BMI. Serum IL-10 negatively correlated with FBG while, IL-6 was not correlated with either of BMI and FBG.Serum AIX and VLDL-C were positively correlated with TG while, HDL-C level was inversely correlated with TG. With the exception of serum LDL-C which positively correlated with TC, significant correlation was not established between serum TC and each of AIX, HDL-C and VLDL-C.
Conclusion: The rat model of MetS was established after treatment with 10% fructose in water. This plays an important role in the pathogenesis of components of metabolic syndrome, including dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and obesity; and serum IL-6, IL-10 and TNF- α are raised in metabolic syndrome and this underscores the role of these cytokines in inflammation associated with metabolic syndrome.
A Cadaveric Study on the Variation in the Level of Division of Sciatic Nerve in Nepalese Population
Authors: Shah Diwakar Kumar , Khatun Sanzida 
Published: June 2020

Background: Sciatic nerve, the thickest nerve of our body (around 2cm wide at its origin), leaves the pelvic cavity from the greater sciatic foramina below the piriformis muscle and between the greater trochanter of femur and ischial tuberosity. As variations have been reported in the level of division of sciatic nerve into its terminal branches, the current study aims to determine the most common site of division of sciatic nerve in Nepalese population.
Materials and Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional and descriptive study which was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Nobel Medical College, where twenty-three cadavers were used and both the lower limbs were examined. Depending upon the level of division of the sciatic nerve into its terminal branches, it was categorized into six different groups (A-F).
Results: It was seen that the sciatic nerve had already divided into its terminal branches before its exit into the gluteal regionin 23.91% extremities. The second commonestsite for the termination of sciatic nerve into its terminal branch was found to be at the middle region of the back of the thigh in 19.57% followed by its division in the popliteal fossa in 17.39%.
Conclusion: From the current study we conclude that the level of division of sciatic nerve was variable and it is wise to go for other means to find out the level of termination of sciatic nerve before performing any procedure in that area.
Association of Plasma and Aqueous Humor Ascorbic Acid Level with Morphology Pattern of Age-Related Cataract
Authors: Pokharel Shailesh Mani , Lavaju Poonam , Shrestha Bhuwan Govinda , Khan Seraj Ahmed , Shah Sangeeta 
Published: June 2020

Background: Age-related cataract is one of the most important causes of preventable blindness among elderly population in the world. Among various causes of cataract, the level of ascorbic acid in the plasma and aqueous humor is an important parameter that can prevent cataract formation. The level of ascorbic acid in the plasma and aqueous humor is also an indicator of various morphological pattern of cataract.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 136 patients with immature age-related cataract (≥50 years) who underwent Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in the Ophthalmology Department of BPKIHS for the duration of 1 year. Plasma and aqueous humor ascorbic acid levels were determined by standard competitive ELISA test.
Results: Ascorbic acid concentrations in aqueous humor as well as plasma were statistically significant with the nuclear type of cataract (p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between plasma and aqueous ascorbic acid level with r = 0.532 and p<0.001.
Conclusion: The finding of the study concludes that nuclear type of cataract has a strong association with both aqueous humor and plasma ascorbic acid level.
Analysis of Prolonged Pediatric Intensive Care Stay in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Singh Sandip Kumar , Rijal Shikha , Sah Vijay Kumar , Khanal Babita , Giri Arun 
Published: June 2020

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis is one of most serious complication of diabetes requiring intensive care management. We aim to analyze various factors responsible for prolonged duration of stay in pediatric intensive care unit in a child with Diabetic Ketoacidosis.
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based prospective observational study conducted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital among children with Diabetic ketoacidosis over the period of one year. A total of 22 cases with Diabetic ketoacidosis aged 1 month to 18 years were included and clinical profile, laboratory reports including blood gas analysis were documented.
Results: Among cases of Diabetic ketoacidosis, 4 (18%) cases were of mild Diabetic ketoacidosis, 4 cases (18%) were of moderate Diabetic ketoacidosis and 14 cases (64%) were of severe Diabetic ketoacidosis. Mean duration of Intensive care stay in new cases of Diabetic ketoacidosis was 69.46 hours which was significantly higher compared to old cases (30.66 hours) suggested by p value < 0.0001. In 15 cases (68%), acidosis resolved in less than 48-55 hours, whereas 7 cases (32%) required more than 48-55 hours for resolution of acidosis, hence required longer Intensive care stay. Cases who required prolonged Pediatric Intensive care stay, sepsis was contributing factor in 3 cases (42.85%), one case (14.28%) has associated muscular dystrophy and 3 cases (42.85%) had hyperchloremia at the end of 48 hours.
Conclusion: Presence of sepsis and Hyperchloremia are important reasons for prolonged stay in Intensive Care Unit in Diabetic ketoacidosis patients. Other associated chronic illness can also prolong intensive care stay in Diabetic ketoacidosis patients.
Neutralność Mołdawii: uwarunkowania wewnętrzne i międzynarodowe
Authors: Herbut Maciej , Kunert-Milcarz Renata 
Published: June 2020

Neutralność w Mołdawii traktowana jest przez władze państwa jako strategia, która mogłaby zagwarantować przetrwanie w środowisku międzynarodowym. Niemniej, mimo osadzenia w prawie państwowym (w ustawie zasadniczej), Mołdawia nie posiada gwarancji międzynarodowych dla swojego statusu neutralności, co wynika przede wszystkim z niekonsekwentnej polityki zagranicznej. Mołdawia stoi przed wyborem dwóch strategii: pierwszej, polegające na zacieśnieniu relacji z Zachodem; drugiej, na polepszeniu relacji z Rosją i mimo, że wybór każdej ze ścieżek wiązałby się z wysokim ryzykiem, wydają się one lepsze od polityki pozorowanej neutralności, jaką państwo to dotychczas prowadziło.
Microcellular Thermosetting Polyurethane Foams
Authors: Brondi C. , Di Caprio M. R. , Di Maio E. , Mosciatti T. , Cavalca S. , Parenti V. , Iannace S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Thermosetting polyurethane foams are nowadays produced with typical bubble size, d > 150 μm, with plenty of room for improvement towards the cellular structure refinement, to gain, among others, in the thermal insulation performances. We herein report a first example of a microcellular thermosetting polyurethane foam, i. e. with bubble size below 5 μm, produced via the gas foaming technology. In particular, high-pressure CO2, N2 and their mixtures were utilized as blowing agents: solubilized separately into the polymer precursors, they were brought into a supersaturated state by a pressure reduction to induce the bubble nucleation and growth. To achieve microcellular foams, we made use of a novel two-stage pressure reduction program, concurrent to the polymer curing. The first stage is a pressure quench O (10–2 s) from the saturation pressure to an intermediate pressure to induce the nucleation of a large amount of dense bubbles. The second stage is a slow O (102 s) further pressure decrease to ambient pressure, allowing for a slow bubble growth, designed to reach ambient pressure exactly when the curing reached completion.
Visual Semiotics of Inequality in the Structure of an Architectural Text
Authors: Fedorov Viktor Vladimirovich , Fedorov Mikhail Viktorovich , Hanygin Dmitry Aleksandrovich 
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of the architectural environment as a form of materialization of social existence. It is noted that the architectural text of a large city contains special subject and spatial inclusions – loci of power. The article focuses on the relations of topological segregation – the disproportionate distribution of structural elements in the space of a populated place. This is a set of obstacles in choosing a place, and at the same time a condition for the formation of a social hierarchy of urban spaces.
Methods. In the course of the work, the problem and thematic, structural and functional and comparative and historical methods to identify basic concepts of architectural spaces of power were applied.
Results. It is shown that social inequality and topological segregation occur in the city in a “natural” way, since it embodies various facets of inequality inherent in society. The typology of constantly reproducible principles of organization of architectural objects and spaces of power such as monumentality, static character, conciseness, verticality, hierarchy, the presence of a central structure, tradition, consistency, syncretism is clarified. It is shown that the emerging signs of inequality, embodied in architectural and urban planning decisions, participate in the formation of the social structure, reproduce and transform its value and semantic content. The basic principles of the organization of architectural objects and spaces of power are considered. Models for implementing these principles in the process of creating new loci of power are proposed.
It is concluded that the hypothesis put forward by the authors that loci of power are the spatial embodiment of complex mechanisms for maintaining the dynamic balance of the social system is confirmed by the results of research on the semiotics of inequality in the structure of the architectural text.
Organizational and Pedagogical Conditions for the Development of Research Activities of University Students
Authors: Kachalova Svetlana Mikhailovna 
Published: June 2020

The author outlines that in connection with the need to develop students' abilities and skills for organizing independent research activities, a psychological and pedagogical analysis of the organization of university students’ research activities is made, and the basic tasks of developing the students' ability to do research work are formulated.
Methods of research. To diagnose the development of this quality, research methods such as questionnaires, analysis, and comparative evaluation were used.
The study defined quality, based on which we can generate interest in students to do research activities – the ability to cognitive activity, awareness of actions, independent approach to creative problem solving, commitment to self-development and self-education. It is noted that for development of skills for doing research work it is recommended to engage students in the situations where it is necessary to find the solution to problems, help them to analyze qualitative changes and to predict the results of a particular process development. In the course of experimental work carried out by lecturers of the Lipetsk State Technical University, positive changes, indicating the development of the ability in students to do research activity in the process, organized to introduce students to research work at different stages of their training were identified.
PELATIHAN KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF DALAM RANGKA MEMBINA KETERAMPILAN BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA DI SMPN 4 SINTANG
Authors: Marganingsih Anna , Pelipa Emilia Dewiwati , Astuti Sri 
Published: June 2020

Kemajuan suatu negara perlu didukung oleh kebaradaan para wirausahawan. Pernyataan PBB mengemukakan bahwa suatu negara akan mampu membangun apabila memiliki wirausahawan sebanyak 2% dari jumlah penduduknya. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa jumlah wirausahawan di Indonesia belum mencapai angka tersebut. Hal ini menjadi keresahan yang perlu disikapi. Untuk menjadi wirausahawan sukses, perlu ditanamkan jiwa dan keterampilan berwirausaha sejak dini pada semua jenjang pendidikan. Salah satu jenjang pendidikan yang menjadi sasaran dalam program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah jenjang pendidikan menengah yaitu SMPN 4 Sintang. Kelas VII dianggap paling tepat untuk memberikan pelatihan komunikasi efektif agar sejak awal mereka memiliki keterampilan berkomunikasi yang baik untuk mendukung keterampilan berwirausaha mereka. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan komunikasi efektif dalam rangka membina keterampilan berwirausaha siswa kelas VII di SMPN 4 Sintang. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dan peningkatan pemahaman siswa Kelas VII SMPN 4 Sintang tentang pentingnya kontribusi masyarakat dalam kemajuan negara Indonesia dengan menjadi wirausahawan, peningkatan keterampilan berwirausaha melalui pelatihan kiomunikasi efektif dan peningkatan pemahaman sekolah tentang pentingnya memberikan pelatihan-pelatihan yang membekali siswa dengan keterampilan berwirausaha sejak dini. Respon siswa terhadap pelaksanaan pelatihan sebesar 71,12% masuk dalam kategori baik. Artinya secara respon siswa terhadap kegiatan pelatihan secara afeksi, kansi dan kognisi adalah baik.