bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D‐Printed Biocompatible Scaffolds with Built‐In Nanoplasmonic Sensors
Authors: García‐Astrain Clara , Lenzi Elisa , Jimenez de Aberasturi Dorleta , Henriksen‐Lacey Malou , Binelli Marco R. , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract3D printing strategies have acquired great relevance toward the design of 3D scaffolds with precise macroporous structures, for supported mammalian cell growth. Despite advances in 3D model designs, there is still a shortage of detection tools to precisely monitor in situ cell behavior in 3D, thereby allowing a better understanding of the progression of diseases or to test the efficacy of drugs in a more realistic microenvironment. Even if the number of available inks has exponentially increased, they do not necessarily offer the required functionalities to be used as internal sensors. Herein the potential of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy for the detection of biorelevant analytes within a plasmonic hydrogel‐based, 3D‐printed scaffold is demonstrated. Such SERS‐active scaffolds allow for the 3D detection of model molecules, such as 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid. Flexibility in the choice of plasmonic nanoparticles is demonstrated through the use of gold nanoparticles with different morphologies, gold nanorods showing the best balance between SERS enhancement and scaffold transparency. Detection of the biomarker adenosine is also demonstrated as a proof‐of‐concept toward the use of these plasmonic scaffolds for SERS sensing of cell‐secreted molecules over extended periods of time.
Tremor is a major feature of 9p13 deletion syndrome
Authors: Ferreira Susana Isabel , Cinnirella Giacomo , Ramos Lina , Suppa Antonio , Pires Luís Miguel , Nardone Anna Maria , Camerota Letizia , Lanciotti Silvia , Galasso Cinzia , De Maio Fernando , de Melo Joana Barbosa , Carreira Isabel Marques , Brancati Francesco 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProximal interstitial deletions of chromosome 9p13 have been described only in a few patients with developmental delay, moderate intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism, short stature, genital anomalies, and precocious puberty. To corroborate and expand these findings, we report on two novel syndromic male patients with 9p13 deletions suffering from a similar form of tremor and compare them with literature data. Despite genomic variability in deletion sizes, all patients displayed homogeneous dysmorphism and clinical manifestations, including very invalidating tremor. Furthermore, we outlined a region of around 2 Mb shared in common by all patients with nearly 70 genes, among which NPR2 might have a role in the phenotype. These data delineate interstitial 9p13 deletion syndrome with tremor as a major feature.
Face Masks Are Beneficial Regardless of the Level of Infection in the Fight Against COVID-19
Authors: Burnett Mervin L. , Sergi Consolato M. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently a global pandemic that has affected over 7 million people worldwide, resulting in over 400,000 deaths. In the past 20 years, they have been several viral epidemics that were primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets. The use of face masks is proven to be effective in protecting health-care workers as they perform their duties. Still, there is limited evidence about whether the widespread use of face mask would be very useful in protecting the general population. This study aimed to conduct a review to determine if face masks would be beneficial in the general population as a means of reducing the spread of COVID-19. The widespread implementation of wearing face masks by the general population is challenging due to a variety of factors. However, the extensive use of cloth masks in conjunction with other preventative measures such as social distancing and handwashing can potentially reduce the risk of transmission of COVID-19.
The power of culture: the gendered impact of family structures and living arrangements on social networks of Chinese older adults
Authors: Zhao Menghan , Yang Fan , Zhang Youlang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMost of the extant literature on the fertility history and social networks of older adults has focused on advanced societies. Nevertheless, a limited number of studies have explored how culturally preferred family structures or living arrangements are related to older adults’ social networks in developing societies. This study examined these issues in the Chinese context and paid particular attention to the filial piety and preference for sons dominating Chinese society. Using nationally representative data of adults aged 60 and over from China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey in 2016, we constructed family and friend network scores following previous studies and developed linear models using multiple imputation for the missing data. The results suggested that childless older adults were the most disadvantaged in receiving support from family networks. Despite China's patrilineal culture, daughters were important sources of support. In terms of friend networks, older men who had no sons were least likely to receive support while co-residing with a partner and a son(s) might benefit them. Further analysis revealed that older rural women, but not older urban women, also had more support from friend networks if living with sons, implying urban–rural differences. Given the impact of social networks on older adults’ health and wellbeing, older Chinese people with no sons might need more support from other sources, such as aged-care programmes from public institutions, to achieve healthy ageing.
Retrograde sharp potential resembling the his-bundle electrogram: is this a case of atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia involving twin atrioventricular nodes with the anterior node exhibiting only retrograde conduction?
Authors: Izumi Gaku , Yokoshiki Hisashi , Takeda Atsuhito 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA 2-year-old male with right isomerism was referred for supraventricular tachycardias. Atrial pacing study revealed that anterograde conduction was only through the posterior atrioventricular node. During the mapping of ventriculoatrial conduction, we identified a sharp potential resembling a His-bundle electrogram with a decremental property at the anterior wall of the common atrium. Catheter ablation for the potential eliminated the anterior ventriculoatrial conduction, thereby indicating retrograde activation of the possible anterior atrioventricular node.
Rollable metamaterial screen for magnetic resonance coupling-based high-efficiency wireless power transfer
Authors: Lee Woosol , Yoon Yong-Kyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a rollable metamaterial screen for high-efficiency wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on magnetic resonance coupling, which operates at 4.5 MHz. The rollable metamaterial screen with a fully expanded area of 750 mm × 750 mm is located in the middle between transmitter and receiver coils and focuses the magnetic field and, by such a way, significantly improves power transfer efficiency (PTE). The metamaterial screen can be rolled up, e.g. onto the ceiling when it is not used, and thus does not require any designated space for the screen saving space. A WPT system with the rollable metamaterial screen is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Improved PTE is qualitatively and quantitatively verified by light bulb experiments and vector network analyzer measurements. The PTE of the WPT system with the metamaterial screen increases from 36 to 58.52% and 10.24 to 31.36% for the distances between the transmitter and receiver coils 100 and 150 cm, respectively. The effects of lateral and angular misalignments on the PTE of the WPT system are also studied. Obtained results show that the rollable metamaterial screen improves the PTE even at the misaligned condition.
Histological Endpoints for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Trials: Lights and Shadows
Authors: Rowe Ian A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with liver fibrosis is an increasingly important cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. A diagnosis of NASH can only be made using liver biopsy. Liver histology also forms the endpoint for the expedited licensing strategies that have been approved by regulators to allow patients with NASH access to treatment before the impact of these on clinical outcomes is known. Validation of these histological surrogate endpoints is critical for the ongoing development of new therapies for NASH. The use of liver biopsy to define both trial entry and endpoints raises questions about the use of treatments for NASH in practice when the effectiveness of treatment will likely depend, at least in part, on the use of histology for patient selection in the real world.
Extracardiac Complications in Intensive Care Units after Surgical Repair for Congenital Heart Disease: Imaging Review with a Focus on Ultrasound and Radiography
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Shibuki Saki , Tanami Yutaka , Sato Yumiko , Ko Yoshihiro , Nomura Koji , Oguma Eiji 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPediatric patients show various extracardiac complications after cardiovascular surgery, and radiography and ultrasound are routinely performed in the intensive care unit to detect and evaluate these complications. This review presents images of these complications, sonographic approach, and timing of occurrence that are categorized based on their extracardiac locations and include complications pertaining to the central nervous system, mediastinum, thorax and lung parenchyma, diaphragm, liver and biliary system, and kidney along with pleural effusion and iatrogenic complications. This pictorial review will make it easier for medical doctors in intensive care units to identify and manage various extracardiac complications in pediatric patients after cardiovascular surgery.
Effect of Educational Intervention on Implementation of Neonatal Safety Standards
Authors: Raza Syed M. , Sheta Mohamed M. , Gad Suzan S. , Elmaraghy Nermine , Hussein Ahmed S. , Sahmoud Shaimaa , Al-Khalafawi Abeer I. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and Aim Patient safety in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is one of the highest priority issues on the health care quality agenda worldwide. Efforts are needed to improve neonatal safety in NICU. The present study evaluated the effect of educational intervention on neonatal safety.
Materials and Methods Quasi-experimental study was conducted in three major hospitals, including the health care workers in their NICU during the period of study from May 2016 to May 2018. Neonatal safety standards were evaluated using an observational checklist after its validation by a pilot study. An intervention educational program was conducted in the three hospitals, followed by a reevaluation of the standards. All staff members (58 physicians and 69 nurses) participated in the three stages of the study.
Results The interventional program resulted in significant improvement of the health care workers implementation of the general (90.6 ± 15.1 vs. 127.6 ± 7.02, p = 0.016) and specific (50.6 ± 17.1 vs. 96.1 ± 13.2, p = 0.04) Egyptian Neonatal Safety Standards.
Conclusion Training and increasing the awareness of health care workers of the neonatal safety standards can significantly increase the fulfilment of these standards in both secondary and tertiary care neonatal units.
Electromagnetic surface waves at exceptional points
Authors: Lakhtakia Akhlesh , Mackay Tom G , Zhou Chenzhang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Guided by the planar interface of two dissimilar linear, homogeneous mediums, a Voigt surface wave arises due to an exceptional point of either of the two matrixes necessary to describe the spatial characteristics in the direction normal to the planar interface. There is no requirement for either or both partnering mediums to be dissipative, unlike a Voigt plane wave which can propagate only in a dissipative (or active) medium.
Investigating the naturally occurring forms of TiO2 on electronic and optical properties using OLCAO-MGGA-TBO9: a hybrid DFT study
Authors: Dharmale Neerja , Chaudhury Saurabh , Dash Debashish 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a detailed study and analysis on the electronic and optical properties of anatase, rutile and brookite titanium dioxide (TiO2) which are the naturally occurring phases of TiO2 have been carried out. We have obtained these properties using the self-consistent orthogonalized linear combination of atomic orbitals with meta-generalized gradient approximation (MGGA) and Tran and Blaha (TBO9) as exchange–correlation under the framework of density functional theory. Obtained results on band gap value (E
g), dielectric constant and refractive index as calculated by considering the optimal value of c (system-dependent parameter) have been analyzed statistically and are found to be much closer to the experimental values and are better than the other approaches published in the literature. It is seen that optical absorption for all the three phases of TiO2 occurs in UV region of EM spectrum. Using statistical analysis in correlation with other effective methods such as mBJ, GGA + U, GGA + Ud + Up, LSD + U, GW and HSE06 functional, it is found that MGGA-TB09 gives a better description of electronic structure and optical properties with less computation time. This work provides good understanding of electronic and optical properties of TiO2, stems a foundation for its possible applications in photo catalytic activities of dye sensitized solar cells.
Plasma induced vibrational excitation of CH4—a window to its mode selective processing
Authors: Butterworth Tom , van de Steeg Alex , van den Bekerom Dirk , Minea Teofil , Righart Tim , Ong Qin , van Rooij Gerard 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Vibrational excitation of methane is believed to promote chemistry and improve product selectivity, compared to thermal conversion methods. We report on unique direct measurements of vibrational–rotational non-equilibrium in methane plasma. The non-equilibrium is sustained for 50 μs, after which the gas temperature equilibrates with the vibrational temperature at around 900 K. The plasma is generated by applying 200 μs, 30 Hz pulses of microwave radiation to methane at 25 mBar. We demonstrate that in microwave discharges, power transfer to vibrational modes of CH4 is the dominant power transfer mechanism, which leads to creation of a vibrational–translational (VT) non-equilibrium. VT relaxation is determined to be the dominant translational heating mechanism in the discharge. However, the high electron temperature at breakdown also leads to strong electronic excitation which may be responsible for some of the heating. Furthermore, we find that the CH4 vibrational levels are in equilibrium with each other due to fast intra-polyad relaxation (VV), and therefore bending vibrational modes population density is greatly in excess of stretching vibrational modes. The window of opportunity to exploit this non-equilibrium is limited by the VT relaxation timescale, which is approximately 50 μs in our experiment.
Sulphate-supplemented NPK nanofertilizer and its effect on maize growth
Authors: Dhlamini Bongiwe , Paumo Hugues Kamdem , Katata-Seru Lebogang , Kutu Funso Raphael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sulphate-supplemented nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPKS) fertilizer was nanoformulated through ionic gelation of chitosan (CS) and tripolyphosphate (TPP) at pH value of 5.5 to afford a series of nanofertilizers. The CS-TPP nanoparticles and CS-TPP-NPKS nanofertilizers were engineered using different dose of CS (0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1%) and NPKS fertilizer (20, 40 and 60 ppm). These nanoparticles were characterized through particle size distribution, zeta potential, SEM, XRD, FTIR, EDX and ICP-MS. The results revealed CS-TPP-NPKS particles with size range of 220–530 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) value between 0.2–0.5 and positive zeta potential. A preliminary evaluation of these nanoparticles along with inorganic NPK and NPKS fertilizers were conducted under greenhouse condition using maize (Zea mays L.) as a test crop. Findings from this study showed that inorganic NPKS (20:7:3:0.5) fertilizer, CS-TPP nanoparticles, and formulated NPKS nanofertilizers gave higher maize plants growth increases than NPK fertilizer and control treatments. The tallest plant (37.73 cm) and highest number of leaves (9) were recorded with the CS-TPP-NPKS nanofertilizer treatment obtained using 1% CS/NPKS (40 ppm). On the other hand, application of the nanoformulated derivative with 0.25% CS/NPKS (20 ppm) produced maize plants with superior chlorophyll content with 12.71 chlorophyll index value. A highly varied magnitude of the coefficient of variation in nutrient contents and uptake was recorded among the treatments. These results revealed that the incorporation of sulphur nutrient into NPK fertilizer and its transformation to nanoparticles have the potential characteristics for effective and productive growth of maize and sustainable agricultural activities.
Characterization of Buriram volcanic clay for use in cosmetics
Authors: Thuadaij Pattaranun , Duangkham Sakesit , Hobanthad Thanyapan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This research aims to analyze volcanic clays from four different Buriram sources before and after decontamination to compare their cosmetic grades, as these clays are used as cosmetic ingredients. The volcanic clays were characterized both before and after decontamination using various techniques, namely, x-ray diffraction (XRD), flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (F-AAS), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. Further, the pH levels were measured using electrical conductivity measurements. Physicochemical characterization was performed by determining the percentage of organic matter and cation exchange capacity. The decontaminated clay showed the lowest percentage of organic matter and a high cation exchange capacity. After the removal of contaminants, the clay exhibited an amorphous structure. In addition, the analyses before and after contaminant removal revealed a decrease in the content of lead, nickel, selenium and copper, which were the heavy metals prohibited in cosmetics. The primary components were SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, K2O, MgO, TiO2, and MnO2 considering the component for cosmetics. Microbiological tests revealed an absence of Escherichia coli, fecal coliforms, and total coliforms. These characteristics theoretically indicate that the samples are suitable for use in cosmetics. Moreover, Buriram volcanic clays show low levels of contaminants and can be used as cosmetic ingredients.
Graph prolongation convolutional networks: explicitly multiscale machine learning on graphs with applications to modeling of cytoskeleton
Authors: Scott Cory B , Mjolsness Eric 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe define a novel type of ensemble graph convolutional network (GCN) model. Using optimized linear projection operators to map between spatial scales of graph, this ensemble model learns to aggregate information from each scale for its final prediction. We calculate these linear projection operators as the infima of an objective function relating the structure matrices used for each GCN. Equipped with these projections, our model (a Graph Prolongation-Convolutional Network) outperforms other GCN ensemble models at predicting the potential energy of monomer subunits in a coarse-grained mechanochemical simulation of microtubule bending. We demonstrate these performance gains by measuring an estimate of the Floating Point OPerations spent to train each model, as well as wall-clock time. Because our model learns at multiple scales, it is possible to train at each scale according to a predetermined schedule of coarse vs. fine training. We examine several such schedules adapted from the algebraic multigrid literature, and quantify the computational benefit of each. We also compare this model to another model which features an optimized coarsening of the input graph. Finally, we derive backpropagation rules for the input of our network model with respect to its output, and discuss how our method may be extended to very large graphs.
Love is an Emergency Savings Fund: Suze Orman’s Advice as Affective Discipline
Authors: Cormany Diane L 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAfter retiring from The Suze Orman Show, Suze Orman remained highly visible across media. Recently, she returned with her revised bestseller Women and Money (2018a) and a weekly podcast timed to coincide with #metoo. Across media, Orman has utilized the affect associated with feminine media genres, including self-help and makeover shows, to promote a lifestyle based on proper financial self-management. Her advice to women about marriage, motherhood, and filial duty makes it clear that such discipline is particularly gendered. Orman both uses and chafes against feminist discourses to frame finance as another problem to be managed for women. I understand Orman’s advice as affective through her use of fear, shame, and pride to promote individualized financialization at the expense of interpersonal relationships. My unique approach brings affect theory to financial media through analysis of Orman’s media texts.
The United States, China and the WTO after Coronavirus
Authors: Stokes Doug , Williamson Martin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A hegemon can destroy its international regimes, but what happens when it does not possess the capacity to reconstitute a regime to its liking? Drawing on structural power theory, our article examines President Nixon’s historic attacks on the Bretton Woods international monetary regime to help illuminate President Trump’s attacks on the World Trade Organisation (WTO). In both cases regime destruction was driven to a large extent by a desire to contain rivals: Europe for Nixon, China for Trump. Drawing on original archival material, our case study analysis shows that while the United States possessed sufficient negative structural power to derail Bretton Woods, it lacked sufficient positive structural power to create the new monetary structure Nixon wanted. Trump faces a similar dilemma: he can block the WTO regime, but cannot necessarily replace it with one to the United States’ liking. China is too powerful and possesses too much structural power of its own to give up its WTO privileges without a fight. After the Coronavirus pandemic, it is unlikely that China can prevent the United States from wrecking the WTO trade regime, but very likely it can block US attempts to create a successor regime tailored exclusively to US requirements.
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair in management of aorto-oesophageal fistulas: a case series
Authors: Vijayvergiya Rajesh , Kasinadhuni Ganesh , Sinha Saroj Kant , Yadav Thakur Deen , Singh Harkant , Savlania Ajay , Lal Anupam , Kanabar Kewal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Aorto-oesophageal fistula (AOF) is a rare, catastrophic disease with an extremely poor prognosis. A ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm is a common aetiology for AOF. The clinical presentation is usually massive haematemesis and collapse. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial in managing AOF.Case summary We hereby report two cases of AOF, who underwent successful emergency thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) to control active bleed and exsanguination. Case 1, an elderly lady with atherosclerotic aneurysm had TEVAR followed by open surgery for oesophageal rent and necrosed left main bronchus. Case 2 had mycotic tubercular aneurysm who later had infected graft-stent following TEVAR.Discussion Open surgery is the conventional treatment for AOF; however, TEVAR can be an alternative and less invasive approach in selected high-risk patients. Various management issues related to TEVAR with AOF have been discussed in the article.