bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Next‐Generation Sequencing Reveals Differential Responses to Acute versus Long‐Term Exposures to Graphene Oxide in Human Lung Cells
Authors: Mukherjee Sourav P. , Gupta Govind , Klöditz Katharina , Wang Jun , Rodrigues Artur Filipe , Kostarelos Kostas , Fadeel Bengt 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNumerous studies have addressed the biological impact of graphene‐based materials including graphene oxide (GO), yet few have focused on long‐term effects. Here, RNA sequencing is utilized to unearth responses of human lung cells to GO. To this end, the BEAS‐2B cell line derived from normal human bronchial epithelium is subjected to repeated, low‐dose exposures of GO (1 or 5 µg mL−1) for 28 days or to the equivalent, cumulative amount of GO for 48 h. Then, samples are analyzed by using the NovaSeq 6000 sequencing system followed by pathway analysis and gene ontology enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes. Significant differences are seen between the low‐dose, long‐term exposures and the high‐dose, short‐term exposures. Hence, exposure to GO for 48 h results in mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, exposure to GO for 28 days is characterized by engagement of apoptosis pathways with downregulation of genes belonging to the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family. Validation experiments confirm that long‐term exposure to GO affects the apoptosis threshold in lung cells, accompanied by a loss of IAPs. These studies reveal the sensitivity of RNA‐sequencing approaches and show that acute exposure to GO is not a good predictor of the long‐term effects of GO.
Low‐Dose Silver Nanoparticle Surface Chemistry and Temporal Effects on Gene Expression in Human Liver Cells
Authors: House John S. , Bouzos Evangelia , Fahy Kira M. , Francisco Victorino Miguel , Lloyd Dillon T. , Wright Fred A. , Motsinger‐Reif Alison A. , Asuri Prashanth , Wheeler Korin E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely incorporated into consumer and biomedical products for their antimicrobial and plasmonic properties with limited risk assessment of low‐dose cumulative exposure in humans. To evaluate cellular responses to low‐dose AgNP exposures across time, human liver cells (HepG2) are exposed to AgNPs with three different surface charges (1.2 µg mL−1) and complete gene expression is monitored across a 24 h period. Time and AgNP surface chemistry mediate gene expression. In addition, since cells are fed, time has marked effects on gene expression that should be considered. Surface chemistry of AgNPs alters gene transcription in a time‐dependent manner, with the most dramatic effects in cationic AgNPs. Universal to all surface coatings, AgNP‐treated cells responded by inactivating proliferation and enabling cell cycle checkpoints. Further analysis of these universal features of AgNP cellular response, as well as more detailed analysis of specific AgNP treatments, time points, or specific genes, is facilitated with an accompanying application. Taken together, these results provide a foundation for understanding hepatic response to low‐dose AgNPs for future risk assessment.
Early evolution of Coriariaceae (Cucurbitales) in light of a new early Campanian (ca. 82 Mya) pollen record from Antarctica
Authors: Renner Susanne S. , Barreda Viviana D. , Tellería María Cristina , Palazzesi Luis , Schuster Tanja M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCoriariaceae comprise only Coriaria, a genus of shrubs with nine species in Australasia (but excluding Australia), five in the Himalayas, Taiwan, the Philippines, and Japan, one in the Mediterranean, and one ranging from Patagonia to Mexico. The sister family, Corynocarpaceae, comprises five species of evergreen trees from New Guinea to New Zealand and Australia. This distribution has long fascinated biogeographers as potential support for Wegener's theory of continental drift, with alternative scenarios invoking either Antarctic or Beringian range expansions. Here, we present the discovery of pollen grains from Early Campanian (ca. 82 Mya) deposits in Antarctica, which we describe as Coriaripites goodii sp. nov., and newly generated nuclear and plastid molecular data for most of the family's species and its outgroup. This greatly expands the family's fossil record and is the so far oldest fossil of the order Cucurbitales. We used the phylogeny, new fossil, and an Oligocene flowering branch assigned to a small subclade of Coriaria to generate a chronogram and to study changes in chromosome number, deciduousness, and andromonoecy. Coriaria comprises a Northern (NH) and a Southern Hemisphere (SH) clade that diverged from each other in the Paleocene (ca. 57 Mya), with the SH clade reaching the New World once, through Antarctica, as supported by the fossil pollen. While the SH clade retained perfect flowers and evergreen leaves, the NH clade evolved andromonoecy and deciduousness. Polyploidy occurs in both clades and points to hybridization, matching weak species boundaries throughout the genus.
Concentration of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural produced by insulating paper in an oil–paper insulation system
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Shengli , He Tao , Liu Yushuang 
Published: March 2020

The transformer is a core device of the power system, and it is generally considered that the aging of insulating paper is important to the transformer. The aging process of insulating paper is the degradation process of cellulose. If it can be detected regularly, the aging of oil–paper insulating systems can be monitored conveniently. 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural is an important chemical substance produced by cellulose decomposition. It has broad prospects because of its many advantages. The oil–paper insulation system was thermally aged at 80, 90, 100, and 110 °C to measure the concentration of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural on insulating paper and in transformer oil. In this paper, the concentration of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural is detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The linear correlation coefficient of this method can reach 0.99, and the minimum detected concentration can be reduced to 10 µg/l. Experiments show that the concentration of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural increases with the aging time, and when degree of polymerization (DP) decreased, the concentration of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural increased. The correlation coefficient is greater than 0.92, which shows that there is an experimental relationship between the concentration of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural and DP. The parameters of regression curves are different at different temperatures, but in actual operation, the temperature is low and remains stable. Therefore, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural is expected to be a new indicator of the aging degree of oil–paper insulation system. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Talent management and global competition for top talent: A co‐opetition‐based perspective
Authors: Amankwah‐Amoah Joseph 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn an age of competition for top talent, lateral hiring or personnel poaching has flourished not just between rivals, but also among allies transcending across national borders. This article integrates the literature on lateral hiring and co‐opetition to develop a “novel” perspective of the co‐opetition‐based view of lateral hiring. A conceptual framework was developed to account for conditions under co‐opetition setting in different markets. Contrary to the popular belief that poaching from rivals is more beneficial, the present research demonstrates that poaching from allies may be more beneficial in mitigating the “winner's curse.” Indeed, poaching in the collaboration domain is characterized by greater access to information about the target employee before job change. Lateral hiring from allies in foreign markets can also be more beneficial given the potentially moderate stigma attached compared with those from domestic markets. The implications for firms and strategic human resource management literature are examined.
On zero-remainder conditions in the Bethe ansatz
Authors: Granet Etienne , Jacobsen Jesper Lykke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We prove that physical solutions to the Heisenberg spin chain Bethe ansatz equations are exactly obtained by imposing two zero-remainder conditions. This bridges the gap between different criteria, yielding an alternative proof of a recently devised algorithm based on QQ relations, and solving its minimality issue.
Virtual Refinements of the Vafa–Witten Formula
Authors: Göttsche Lothar , Kool Martijn 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe conjecture a formula for the generating function of virtual $$\chi _y$$χy-genera of moduli spaces of rank 2 sheaves on arbitrary surfaces with holomorphic 2-form. Specializing the conjecture to minimal surfaces of general type and to virtual Euler characteristics, we recover (part of) a formula of C. Vafa and E. Witten. These virtual $$\chi _y$$χy-genera can be written in terms of descendent Donaldson invariants. Using T. Mochizuki’s formula, the latter can be expressed in terms of Seiberg–Witten invariants and certain explicit integrals over Hilbert schemes of points. These integrals are governed by seven universal functions, which are determined by their values on $${\mathbb {P}}^2$$P2 and $${\mathbb {P}}^1 \times {\mathbb {P}}^1$$P1×P1. Using localization we calculate these functions up to some order, which allows us to check our conjecture in many cases. In an appendix by H. Nakajima and the first named author, the virtual Euler characteristic specialization of our conjecture is extended to include $$\mu $$μ-classes, thereby interpolating between Vafa–Witten’s formula and Witten’s conjecture for Donaldson invariants.
The effects of unilateral and bilateral cerebellar rTMS on human pharyngeal motor cortical activity and swallowing behavior
Authors: Sasegbon Ayodele , Smith Craig J. , Bath Philip , Rothwell John , Hamdy Shaheen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe cerebellum is recognised to bilaterally modulate sensorimotor function and has recently been shown to play a role in swallowing. Unilateral cerebellar repetitive trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) excites corticobulbar motor pathways to the pharynx but the effects of bilateral versus unilateral cerebellar rTMS on these pathways are unknown. In this three-part cross-over study, healthy participants (n = 13) were randomly allocated to receive unilateral or bilateral 10 Hz cerebellar rTMS. Participants were intubated with pharyngeal electromyography and/or manometry catheters for motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and pressure recordings. In part 1 of the study, single pulse TMS was used to measure baseline motor cortical pharyngeal MEP (PMEP) and hemispheric cerebellar MEP (CMEP) amplitudes, before cerebellar rTMS was administered. Repeat measures of PMEP amplitude were performed at 15-min intervals for an hour post unilateral and bilateral rTMS. Thereafter, in two further studies, a cortical ‘virtual lesion’ (V/L) was applied prior to cerebellar rTMS with pre and post PMEPs (part 2) and measurements of swallowing accuracy (part 3) using a behavioural task. Compared to baseline, unilateral and bilateral cerebellar rTMS provoked increases in pharyngeal cortical excitation (P = 0.028, 0.0005, respectively). Bilateral rTMS was significantly more effective than unilateral in causing cortical excitation (P = 0.0005) and in reversing the suppressive neurological (P = 0.0005) and behavioural (P = 0.0005) effects of a cortical V/L. Our findings suggest bilateral cerebellar rTMS has greater facilitatory effects on corticobulbar motor pathways to the pharynx than unilateral stimulation with the potential to be a more effective clinical therapy if its effects are reproduced in populations with neurogenic dysphagia.
Multi-bump solutions for the nonlinear magnetic Schrödinger equation with exponential critical growth in $${\mathbb {R}}^{2}$$
Authors: Ji Chao , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, using variational methods, we establish the existence and multiplicity of multi-bump solutions for the following nonlinear magnetic Schrödinger equation $$\begin{aligned} -(\nabla +\mathrm{i} A(x))^2 u+(\lambda V(x)+Z(x))u=f(\vert u\vert ^{2})u\quad \text {in}\, \,{\mathbb {R}}^{2}, \end{aligned}$$

-

(
∇
+
i
A

(
x
)

)

2

u
+

(
λ
V

(
x
)

+
Z

(
x
)

)

u
=

f
(
|
u
|

2

)
u

in

R

2

,

where $$\lambda >0$$

λ
>
0

, f(t) is a continuous function with exponential critical growth, the magnetic potential $$A:{\mathbb {R}}^2\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}^2$$

A
:

R

2

→

R

2

is in $$L^{2}_{loc}({\mathbb {R}}^2)$$

L

loc

2

(

R

2

)

and the potentials V, $$Z:{\mathbb {R}}^{2}\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}$$

Z
:

R

2

→
R

are continuous functions verifying some natural conditions. We show that if the zero set of the potential V has several isolated connected components $$\Omega _{1}, \ldots , \Omega _{k}$$

Ω
1

,
…
,

Ω
k

such that the interior of $$\Omega _{j}$$

Ω
j

is non-empty and $$\partial \Omega _{j}$$

∂

Ω
j

is smooth, then for $$\lambda >0$$

λ
>
0

large enough, the equation has at least $$2^{k}-1$$

2
k

-
1

multi-bump solutions.
Prevalence in Britain of abnormal prion protein in human appendices before and after exposure to the cattle BSE epizootic
Authors: Gill O. Noel , Spencer Yvonne , Richard-Loendt Angela , Kelly Carole , Brown David , Sinka Katy , Andrews Nick , Dabaghian Reza , Simmons Marion , Edwards Philip , Bellerby Peter , Everest David J. , McCall Mark , McCardle Linda M. , Linehan Jacqueline , Mead Simon , Hilton David A. , Ironside James W. , Brandner Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWidespread dietary exposure of the population of Britain to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions in the 1980s and 1990s led to the emergence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) in humans. Two previous appendectomy sample surveys (Appendix-1 and -2) estimated the prevalence of abnormal prion protein (PrP) in the British population exposed to BSE to be 237 per million and 493 per million, respectively. The Appendix-3 survey was recommended to measure the prevalence of abnormal PrP in population groups thought to have been unexposed to BSE. Immunohistochemistry for abnormal PrP was performed on 29,516 samples from appendices removed between 1962 and 1979 from persons born between 1891 through 1965, and from those born after 1996 that had been operated on from 2000 through 2014. Seven appendices were positive for abnormal PrP, of which two were from the pre-BSE-exposure era and five from the post BSE-exposure period. None of the seven positive samples were from appendices removed before 1977, or in patients born after 2000 and none came from individuals diagnosed with vCJD. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of abnormal PrP across birth and exposure cohorts. Two interpretations are possible. Either there is a low background prevalence of abnormal PrP in human lymphoid tissues that may not progress to vCJD. Alternatively, all positive specimens are attributable to BSE exposure, a finding that would necessitate human exposure having begun in the late 1970s and continuing through the late 1990s.
Estimating the burden of lung cancer in Canada attributed to occupational radon exposure using a novel exposure assessment method
Authors: Ge C. B. , Kim J. , Labrèche F. , Heer E. , Song C. , Arrandale V. H. , Pahwa M. , Peters C. E. , Demers P. A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
Exposure to radon causes lung cancer. The scope and impact of exposure among Canadian workers have not been assessed. Our study estimated occupational radon exposure in Canada and its associated lung cancer burden.

Methods
Exposed workers were identified among the working population during the risk exposure period (1961–2001) using data from the Canadian Census and Labour Force Survey. Exposure levels were assigned based on 12,865 workplace radon measurements for indoor workers and assumed to be 1800 mg/m3 for underground workers. Lung cancer risks were calculated using the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) VI exposure-age-concentration model. Population attributable fractions were calculated with Levin’s equation and applied to 2011 Canadian lung cancer statistics.

Results
Approximately 15.5 million Canadian workers were exposed to radon during the risk exposure period. 79% of exposed workers were exposed to radon levels < 50 Bq/m3 and 4.8% were exposed to levels > 150 Bq/m3. We estimated that 0.8% of lung cancers in Canada were attributable to occupational radon exposure, corresponding to approximately 188 incident lung cancers in 2011.

Conclusions
The lung cancer burden associated with occupational radon exposure in Canada is small, with the greatest burden occurring among those exposed to low levels of radon.
Strategies for array data retrieval from a relational back-end based on access patterns
Authors: Andrejev Andrej , Orsborn Kjell , Risch Tore 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMultidimensional numeric arrays are often serialized to binary formats for efficient storage and processing. These representations can be stored as binary objects in existing relational database management systems. To minimize data transfer overhead when arrays are large and only parts of arrays are accessed, it is favorable to split these arrays into separately stored chunks. We process queries expressed in an extended graph query language SPARQL, treating arrays as node values and having syntax for specifying array projection, element and range selection operations as part of a query. When a query selects parts of one or more arrays, only the relevant chunks of each array should be retrieved from the relational database. The retrieval is made by automatically generated SQL queries. We evaluate different strategies for partitioning the array content, and for generating the SQL queries that retrieve it on demand. For this purpose, we present a mini-benchmark, featuring a number of typical array access patterns. We draw some actionable conclusions from the performance numbers.
Ten-year changes in the psychosocial well-being, psychopathology, substance use, suicidality, bullying, and sense of coherence of 18-year-old males: a Finnish population-based time-trend study
Authors: Kronström Kim , Multimäki Petteri , Ristkari Terja , Parkkola Kai , Sillanmäki Lauri , Sourander Andre 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe studied Finnish 18-year-old males attending obligatory military call-up assessments in 1999 (n = 2340) and 2009 (n = 4309) on time-trend changes in psychosocial well-being, psychopathology, substance use, suicidality, bullying, and sense of coherence. Subjects filled in questionnaires, including the Young Adult Self-Report (YASR) for psychopathology and the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (SOC-13) for sense of coherence. The prevalence of minor mental health problems in the last 6 months decreased from 22.3% in 1999 to 18.6% in 2009 (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.9), whereas severe mental health problems remained stable. Suicidal thoughts decreased from 5.7 to 3.7% (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5–0.8). The use of illicit drugs decreased from 6.0 to 4.7% (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–0.95), but being drunk at least once a week increased from 10.3 to 13.4% (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.5). Attention problems increased in YASR syndrome domains (mean score 2.9 vs 3.2, p < 0.001) and so did somatic complains (mean score 1.7 vs 1.9, p = 0.005). The SOC-13 scores remained stable. The percentage of males who had studied during the past 6 months increased from 91.4 to 93.4% (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6), while being employed decreased from 64.9 to 49.4% (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.5–0.6). The positive findings included reductions in the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and the use of illicit drugs, but being drunk at least once a week increased. Self-reported somatic problems and attention problems increased. Despite changes in society and family structures, there were only minor overall changes in psychopathology.
A Valveless Pulsatile Pump for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Hemo- and Fluid Dynamic Feasibility
Authors: Escher Andreas , Choi Young , Callaghan Fraser , Thamsen Bente , Kertzscher Ulrich , Schweiger Martin , Hübler Michael , Granegger Marcus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTreatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a major unmet medical need. An implantable valveless pulsatile pump with a single cannula—the CoPulse pump—may provide beneficial hemodynamic support for select HFpEF patients when connected to the failing ventricle. We aimed to demonstrate hemodynamic efficacy and hemocompatible design feasibility for this novel assist device. The hemodynamic effect of the pump was investigated with an in vitro circulatory mock loop and an ex vivo isolated porcine heart model. The hydraulic design was optimized using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and validated by 4D-flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The pump reduced left atrial pressure (> 27%) and increased cardiac output (> 14%) in vitro. Ex vivo experiments revealed elevated total stroke volume at increased end-systolic volume during pump support. Asymmetric cannula positioning indicated superior washout, decreased stagnation (8.06 mm2 vs. 31.42 mm2), and marginal blood trauma potential with moderate shear stresses (< 24 Pa) in silico. Good agreement in flow velocities was evident among CFD and 4D-flow MRI data (r > 0.76). The CoPulse pump proved hemodynamically effective. Hemocompatibility metrics were comparable to those of a previously reported, typical pulsatile pump with two cannulae. The encouraging in vitro, ex vivo, and hemocompatibility results substantiate further development of the CoPulse pump.
Government control and the value of cash: evidence from listed firms in China
Authors: Yu Xinyu , Wang Ping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the impact of government control on investors’ valuation of cash held by listed firms in China. We find strong and robust evidence that government control leads to a lower value of cash. Further evidence suggests that this negative impact is associated with significant agency costs of political expropriation rather than low financial constraints of the soft-budget effect. Moreover, our extended analyses reveal that the negative impact of government control on the value of cash depends on regional institutional development. In particular, in regions with high institutional development, government control reduces the value of cash, while in areas that are less developed, this negative impact is attenuated to some extent. Overall, our findings shed new light and add a further dimension to the literature, broadening our understanding of the impact of government intervention on the listed firms under its control.