bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐Reported Outcomes and Long‐Term Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Single‐Port Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Chia Daryl Kai Ann , Lomanto Davide , Wijerathne Sujith 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSurgical techniques for inguinal hernia repair have evolved rapidly from open methods to conventional laparoscopic totally extra‐peritoneal (CTEP) and recently single‐port TEP (STEP). As there is currently no randomized controlled trial (RCT) reporting long‐term patient‐reported outcomes between CTEP and STEP, we reviewed patients who were randomized to CTEP or STEP 5 years after surgery.MethodsTelephone interviews were administered to patients with primary unilateral inguinal hernia recruited for the RCT comparing CTEP and STEP in 2011. The modified Body Image Questionnaire was used to measure long‐term patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsForty‐two out of forty‐nine of the STEP group and forty‐one out of fifty of the CTEP group responded to phone interviews. Median follow‐up time, demographic data and clinical outcomes were comparable between both groups. The Body Image Score (5–20: 5—least dissatisfied, 20—most dissatisfied; BIS score ± SD, STEP vs. CTEP, 5.33 ± 0.90 vs. 7.17 ± 1.87, p < 0.001) and Cosmetic Score (2–20: 2—least satisfied, 20—most satisfied; CS score ± SD, STEP vs. CTEP, 19.05 ± 1.31 vs. 15.87 ± 1.57, p < 0.001) were superior in the STEP group. Similarly, self‐reported scar perception (1—cannot be seen, 2—can barely be seen, 3—visible; scar perception score ± SD, STEP vs. CTEP, 1.29 ± 0.51 vs. 2.55 ± 0.64, p < 0.001) and overall experience score (1—least satisfied, 10—most satisfied; overall satisfaction score ± SD, STEP vs. CTEP, 9.57 ± 0.67 vs. 8.22 ± 0.94, p < 0.001) were superior in the STEP group.ConclusionPatients who underwent STEP reported superior cosmetic and satisfaction scores and comparable surgical outcomes 5 years after surgery compared to the CTEP group. STEP should be strongly considered in patients who are concerned about long‐term cosmetic outcomes and should be offered if surgical expertise is available.Trial registration NCT02302937
Modified Anterior Tibial Artery Perforator‐Pedicled Propeller Flap for Soft‐Tissue Coverage of the Ankle and Heel
Authors: Lin Jian , Zhou Feng , Sun Yi‐Dan , Gao Ya‐Shan , Li Hai‐Zhou , Zheng He‐Ping , Zhang Ying‐Fan , Li Qing‐Feng , Ward Patricia J. , Yang Ya‐Li , Liu Cai‐Yue 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe ankle and heel are challenging regions to reconstruct functionally. Here, we explored the feasibility and clinical outcomes of a modified anterior tibial artery perforator‐pedicled propeller flap for the repair of soft‐tissue defects of the ankle and heel.Patients and methodsBetween January 2013 and December 2015, 12 patients with soft‐tissue defects of the ankle and/or heel underwent reconstructive surgery that included our flap technique. The flaps measured 20 × 8 cm to 7 × 4 cm. A hand‐held Doppler was used to identify a proper constant perforator in the distal ankle. In each case, the base of the flap was well preserved. The flap was transposed (180° rotation) to reach and cover the defect.ResultsThe average follow‐up time was 13 months (10–28 months). We observed good texture matches and contour in all of the flaps. All patients could walk and wear normal footwear. All but one flap survived completely without complications. Partial loss was observed in one patient, and the necrotic region was healed with secondary intention.ConclusionOur modified anterior tibial artery free‐style perforator‐pedicled propeller flap provides a novel option for functional ankle and heel reconstruction.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Radioimmunotherapy for mantle cell lymphoma: 5-year follow-up of 90 patients from the international RIT registry
Authors: Hohloch Karin , Windemuth-Kieselbach Christine , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Cacchione Roberto , Jurczak Wojciech , Suh C. , Trümper Lorenz , Scholz Christian W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo assess the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with 90yttrium-ibrutinib-tiuxetan (90Y-IT) in mantle cell lymphoma, data from 90 patients registered in the RIT Network with a median follow-up (FU) of 5.5 years after RIT were evaluated. 90Y-IT was given as first-line therapy in 45 (50%) and for relapse in 45 (50%) patients. Most patients received 90Y-IT as consolidation after chemoimmunotherapy in first line (98%) and in relapse (53%). As a first-line treatment, 30 patients (pts.) (67%) achieved CR, 10 pts. (22%) PR%. and 1 pt. (2%) PD, and for 4 pts. (9%), no response data was available. At relapse, CR was achieved in 17 pts. (38%), PR in 6 pts. (13%), SD in 2 pts. (4%), and 6 pts. (13%) had PD, while the response was not documented for 14 pts. (31%). After a median FU of 5.5 years, median PFS for all patients was 2.11 (95% CI, 1.03–2.32) years, and median OS was 4.05 (95% CI, 2.79–7.21) years. Eleven pts. (12.2%) developed second malignancy. In conclusion, this is the largest report of MCL pts. treated with 90Y-IT to date. 90Y-IT was most often used as consolidation after first- and second-line chemotherapy and may improve the results achieved using chemoimmunotherapy alone. However, the results are less encouraging compared to treatment with small molecules such as ibrutinib.
Wall shear stress measurements by white-light oil-film interferometry
Authors: Lunte J. , Schülein E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Wall shear stress and wall streamline direction measurements were conducted on a generic delta wing model to demonstrate the potential of the white-light oil-film interferometry in three-dimensional flows. With the proposed algorithm, an automatic oil-film thickness calculation is possible and yields reproducible and plausible wall shear stress distributions on the leeward side of the delta wing for various angles of attack.

Graphic abstract
Influence of wetting conditions on bubble formation from a submerged orifice
Authors: Mirsandi H. , Smit W. J. , Kong G. , Baltussen M. W. , Peters E. A. J. F. , Kuipers J. A. M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The formation of gas bubbles by submerged orifices is a fundamental process encountered in various industrial applications. The dynamics of the contact line and the contact angle may have a significant influence on the detached bubble size depending on the wettability of the system. In this study, the influence of wetting conditions on the dynamics of bubble formation from a submerged orifice is investigated experimentally and numerically. The experiments are performed using a hydrophobic orifice plate and a series of ethanol–water solutions to vary the wettability where the key characteristics of the bubbles are measured using a high-speed, high-resolution camera. An extensive analysis on the influence of wetting conditions on the bubble size, bubble growth mechanism and the behavior of the contact line is given. Bubble growth stages, termed (1) hemispherical spreading, (2) cylindrical spreading, (3) critical growth and (4) necking, are identified based on key geometrical parameters of the bubble and relevant forces acting on the bubble during the growth. The experimental results show that the apparent contact angle varies in a complicated manner as the bubble grows due to the surface roughness and heterogeneity. The experimental findings are finally used to validate the local front reconstruction method with a contact angle model to account for the contact angle hysteresis observed in the experiments.

Graphic abstract
Hernia at the stoma site after loop ileostomy reversal
Authors: Eklöv Karolina , Viktorsson Fred Zika , Frosztega Eric , Bringman Sven , Nygren Jonas , Everhov Åsa H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To estimate the incidence of and risk factors for stoma site hernia after closure of a temporary diverting ileostomy.

Method
In a non-comparative cohort study, charts (n = 216) and CT-scans (n = 169) from patients who had undergone loop ileostomy closure following low anterior resection for rectal cancer 2010–2015 (mainly open surgery) at three hospitals were evaluated retrospectively. Patients without hernia diagnosis were evaluated cross-sectionally through a questionnaire (n = 158), and patients with symptoms of bulging or pain were contacted and offered a clinical examination or a CT scan including Valsalva maneuver.

Results
In the chart review, five (2.3%) patients had a diagnosis of incisional hernia at the previous stoma site after 8 months (median). In 12 patients, the CT scan showed a hernia, of which 8 had not been detected previously. The questionnaire was returned by 130 (82%) patients, of which 31% had symptoms of bulging or pain. Less than one in five of patients who reported bulging were diagnosed with hernia, but the absolute majority of the radiologically diagnosed hernias reported symptoms. By combining clinical and radiological diagnosis, the cumulative incidence of hernia was 7.4% during a median follow up time of 30 months. Risk factors for stoma site hernia were male sex and higher BMI.

Conclusion
Hernia at the previous stoma site was underdiagnosed. Less than a third of symptomatic patients had a hernia diagnosis in routine follow up. Randomized studies are needed to evaluate if prophylactic mesh can be used to prevent hernias, especially in patients with risk factors.
Clinical and radiological results of the vascularized medial femoral condyle graft for scaphoid non-union
Authors: Keller Marco , Kastenberger Tobias , Anoar Anizar Faizi , Kaiser Peter , Schmidle Gernot , Gabl Markus , Arora Rohit 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction
This study evaluated the use of a free vascularized bone graft with and without cartilage from the medial femoral condyle (MFC) in patients with recalcitrant scaphoid non-union, with a special focus on union rates and the osteochondral graft for proximal pole destruction.

Materials and methods
Thirty-eight avascular scaphoid non-unions in 37 patients who were treated with a free osteoperiosteal or osteochondral MFC graft were retrospectively evaluated (mean follow-up 16 months). Bone union, the scapholunate and the radiolunate angles were evaluated on X-ray images. The range of motion, grip strength, VAS, DASH and PRWE scores were evaluated clinically.

Results
The overall union rate was 95%. Bone union was achieved in 27 out of 29 (93%) scaphoids treated with a free osteoperiosteal MFC grafts and in 9 out of 9 (100%) scaphoids treated with a free osteochondral MFC graft. The range of motion remained almost unchanged, while grip strength increased significantly (34 kg vs. 44 kg) and the VAS (22–5), DASH (59–19) and PRWE (62–30) score decreased significantly. The scapholunate (71°–65°) and radiolunate (28°–18°) angle decreased. No major donor site morbidity was observed. Postoperative complications were observed in eight cases (21%).

Conclusions
The vascularized medial femoral bone graft leads to a good functional outcome in the treatment of scaphoid non-unions. The graft provides adequate blood supply and structural stability to the scaphoid. A proximal pole destruction can be replaced using an osteochondral graft with promising short-term results preventing carpal osteoarthritis and collapse.
The leading role of pathology in assessing the somatic molecular alterations of cancer: Position Paper of the European Society of Pathology
Authors:   on behalf of the European Society of Pathology (ESP), Matias-Guiu Xavier , Stanta Giorgio , Carneiro Fátima , Ryska Ales , Hoefler Gerald , Moch Holger 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMolecular pathology is an essential part of pathology complementing conventional morphological tools to obtain a correct integrated diagnosis with appropriate assessment of prognosis and prediction of response to therapy, particularly in cancer. There is a concern about the situation of molecular pathology in some areas of Europe, namely, regarding the central role of pathologists in assessing somatic genomic alterations in cancer. In some countries, there are attempts that other laboratory medicine specialists perform the molecular analysis of somatic alterations in cancer, particularly now when next generation sequencing (NGS) is incorporated into clinical practice. In this scenario, pathologists may play just the role of “tissue providers,” and other specialists may take the lead in molecular analysis. Geneticists and laboratory medicine specialists have all background and skills to perform genetic analysis of germline alterations in hereditary disorders, including familial forms of cancers. However, interpretation of somatic alterations of cancer belongs to the specific scientific domain of pathology. Pathologists are necessary to guarantee the quality of the results, for several reasons: (1) The identified molecular alterations should be interpreted in the appropriate morphologic context, since most of them are context-specific; (2) pre-analytical issues must be taken into consideration; (3) it is crucial to check the proportion of tumor cells in the sample subjected to analysis and presence of inflammatory infiltrate and necrosis should be monitored; and 4) the role of pathologists is crucial to select the most appropriate methods and to control the turnaround time in which the molecular results are delivered in the context of an integrated diagnosis. Obviously, there is the possibility of having core facilities for NGS in a hospital to perform the sequence analysis that are open to other specialties (microbiologists, geneticists), but also in this scenario, pathologists should have the lead in assessing somatic alterations of cancer. In this article, we emphasize the importance of interpreting somatic molecular alterations of the tumors in the context of morphology. In this Position Paper of the European Society of Pathology, we strongly support a central role of pathology departments in the process of analysis and interpretation of somatic molecular alterations in cancer.
Error analysis for quadtree-type mesh coarsening algorithms adapted to pixelized heterogeneous microstructures
Authors: Fischer Andreas , Eidel Bernhard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor pixel-based microstructure representations we propose two different variants of adaptive, quadtree-based mesh coarsening algorithms that serve the purpose of a preprocessor for finite element analyses in the context of numerical homogenization. High resolution is preserved at interfaces for accuracy, coarse-graining in the defect-free interior of phases for efficiency. Error analysis is carried out on the micro scale by error estimation which itself is assessed by true error computation. Modified stress recovery schemes for an error indicator are proposed which overcome the deficits of the standard superconvergent recovery scheme for nodal stress computation in cases of interfaces with stiffness jump. By virtue of error analysis the improved efficiency by the reduction of unknowns is put into relation to the increase of the discretization error and thereby sets a rational basis for decisions on favorable meshes having the best trade-off between accuracy and efficiency as underpinned by various examples.
Volterra operators and Hankel forms on Bergman spaces of Dirichlet series
Authors: Bommier-Hato H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor a Dirichlet series g, we study the Volterra operator $$T_g f(s)=-\int ^{+\infty }_{s} f(w)g'(w)dw,$$

T
g

f

(
s
)

=
-

∫
s

+
∞

f

(
w
)

g
′

(
w
)

d
w
,

acting on a class of weighted Hilbert spaces $${{\mathcal {H}}^{2}_{w}}$$

H

w
2

of Dirichlet series. We obtain sufficient / necessary conditions for $$T_g$$

T
g

to be bounded (resp. compact), involving BMO and Bloch type spaces on some half-plane. We also investigate the membership of $$T_g$$

T
g

in Schatten classes. Moreover, we show that if $$T_g$$

T
g

is bounded, then g is in $${{\mathcal {H}}}^p_w$$

H

w
p

, the $$L^p$$

L
p

-version of $${{\mathcal {H}}^{2}_{w}}$$

H

w
2

, for every $$0<p<\infty $$

0
<
p
<
∞

. We also relate the boundedness of $$T_g$$

T
g

to the boundedness of a multiplicative Hankel form of symbol g, and the membership of g in the dual of $${{\mathcal {H}}}^1_w$$

H

w
1

.
The complex geometry of two exceptional flag manifolds
Authors: Kotschick D. , Thung D. K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe discuss the complex geometry of two complex five-dimensional Kähler manifolds which are homogeneous under the exceptional Lie group $$G_2$$

G
2

.
For one of these manifolds, rigidity of the complex structure among all Kählerian complex structures was proved by Brieskorn; for the other one, we prove it here. We relate the Kähler assumption in Brieskorn’s theorem to the question of existence of a complex structure on the six-dimensional sphere, and we compute the Chern numbers of all $$G_2$$

G
2

-invariant almost complex structures on these manifolds.
Individuating games
Authors: Ridge Michael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGames, which philosophers commonly invoke as models for diverse phenomena, are plausibly understood in terms of rules and goals, but this gives rise to two puzzles. The first concerns the identity of a single game over time. Intuitively one and the same game can undergo a change in rules, as when the rules of chess were modified so that a pawn could be moved two squares forward on its first move. Yet if games are individuated in terms of their constitutive rules and goals, this is incoherent—new rules mean a new game. The second concerns the individuation of games at a point in time. Intuitively, there can be different versions of a single game, where the versions differ in the details of their rules. I offer a solution to this problem that draws on an analogy with individuating languages. The resulting theory should illuminate the metaphysics of games more generally.
Metabolomics analyses in non-diabetic middle-aged individuals reveal metabolites impacting early glucose disturbances and insulin sensitivity
Authors: Bos Maxime M. , Noordam Raymond , Bennett Kate , Beekman Marian , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O. , Willems van Dijk Ko , Slagboom P. Eline , Lundstedt Torbjörn , Surowiec Izabella , van Heemst Diana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Several plasma metabolites have been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives
We aimed to identify plasma metabolites associated with different indices of early disturbances in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in a subsample of the Leiden Longevity Study comprising individuals without a history of diabetes mellitus (n = 233) with a mean age of 63.3 ± 6.7 years of which 48.1% were men. We tested for associations of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, Matsuda Index, Insulinogenic Index and glycated hemoglobin with metabolites (Swedish Metabolomics Platform) using linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and BMI. Results were validated internally using an independent metabolomics platform (Biocrates platform) and replicated externally in the independent Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study (Metabolon platform) (n = 545, mean age of 55.8 ± 6.0 years of which 48.6% were men). Moreover, in the NEO study, we replicated our analyses in individuals with diabetes mellitus (cases: n = 36; controls = 561).

Results
Out of the 34 metabolites, a total of 12 plasma metabolites were associated with different indices of disturbances in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in individuals without diabetes mellitus. These findings were validated using a different metabolomics platform as well as in an independent cohort of non-diabetics. Moreover, tyrosine, alanine, valine, tryptophan and alpha-ketoglutaric acid levels were higher in individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion
We found several plasma metabolites that are associated with early disturbances in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity of which five were also higher in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Knowledge management and entrepreneurship
Authors: Audretsch David B. , Belitski Maksim , Caiazza Rosa , Lehmann Erik E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile research on knowledge management in entrepreneurial organizations has been the subject of much scholarly attention, it has mostly been considered independently rather than in institutional, geographical or industrial contexts. The purpose of this special issue is to integrate the role of context with knowledge management research, and to discuss the subsequent implications for entrepreneurship. This paper draws on the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship, open innovation theory and the institutional perspective to knowledge management in entrepreneurial organizations, It does so in order to measure returns to investment in knowledge and knowledge spillovers across various industries and levels of economic activity (individual, firm, industry, university, region). Future research suggestions from the papers included in the special journal issue are also discussed and explained.
Zirconium Nitride for Plasmonic Cloaking of Visible Nanowire Photodetectors
Authors: Hansen Katherine , Dutta Amartya , Cardona Melissa , Yang Chen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLight scattered by a photodetector disturbs the probing field, resulting in noise. Cloaking is an effective method to reduce this noise. Here we investigate theoretically an emerging plasmonic material, zirconium nitride (ZrN), as a plasmonic cloak for silicon (Si) nanowire-based photodetectors and compare it with a traditional plasmonic material, gold (Au). Using Mie formalism, we have obtained the scattering cancelation across the visible spectrum. We found that ZrN cloaks produce a significant decrease in the scattering from bare Si nanowires, which is 40% greater than that obtained with Au cloaks in the wavelength region of 400–500 nm. The scattering cancelations become comparable at 550 nm, with Au providing a better scattering cancelation compared to ZrN over the wavelength region of 600–700 nm. To include the absorption and provide a measure of overall performance on noise reduction, a figure of merit (FOM), defined as the ratio of the absorption efficiency and the scattering efficiency of the cloaked nanowire to that of the bare Si nanowire, was calculated. We show that the optimized ZrN cloak provides up to 3 times enhancement of the FOM over a bare Si NW and a 60% improvement over an optimized Au-cloaked NW, in the wavelength region of 400–500 nm. An optimized Au-cloaked NW shows up to 17.69 times improvement in the wavelength region of 600–700 nm over a bare Si NW and up to a 2.7 times improvement over an optimized ZrN-cloaked NW. We also predicted the optimal dimensions for the cloaked NWs with respect to the largest FOM at various wavelengths between 400 and 650 nm.