bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customized Orbit and Frontal Bone Implants
Authors: Wang Weitao , Namin Arya , Shokri Tom , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrbitocranial reconstruction objectives include creation of a solid barrier between intracranial contents and the environment allowing restoration of physiologic homeostasis and restoration of aesthetic craniofacial contours. Historically, bone grafts have been used for reconstruction but were fraught with unpredictable resorption and imperfect contouring given the complex anatomy of the orbitofrontal bones. With advances in three-dimensional modeling technology, alloplastic custom implants in orbital and frontal bone reconstruction have allowed for rapid fixation reducing surgical times and improved cosmesis.
Back Pain and Its Effects on Early Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Singh Vivek , Zak Stephen , Yeroushalmi David , Schwarzkopf Ran , Davidovitch Roy I. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe success of total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be negatively impacted in those with back pain as evidenced by patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores. The goal of this study was to determine whether the hip–spine relationship, as it relates to the presence of preoperative back pain, affected THA outcomes, and PRO scores. We retrospectively reviewed 243 patients who underwent primary THA and completed the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Junior (HOOS Jr.), back pain questionnaire, and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) preoperatively and at 12-weeks postoperatively. Patients were separated into two cohorts: those with preoperative back pain and those who were back pain free. Analysis was performed using t-test and chi-square to determine differences in demographic data. Regression analysis was utilized to account for differences in demographic data. There were significant demographic differences, which included body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists, smoking status, and length of stay between the two cohorts. Patients with preoperative back pain had lower preoperative HOOS Jr. scores than their counterparts (44.93 vs. 55.2; p = 0.029). Additionally, the preoperative back pain free group reported better FJS-12 and HOOS Jr. scores at 12-weeks postoperatively (FJS-12:62.00 vs. 43.32, p < 0.0001; HOOS Jr.: 81.33 vs. 75.68, p = 0.029). Patients with preoperative back pain had lower preoperative PRO scores and overall experienced less postoperative satisfaction and greater disability than patients who were back pain free. However, these patients' preoperative to postoperative improvement in PRO scores (delta change) was greater than that of the back pain free patients. These results suggest that THA may alter the hip-spine mechanics and potentially provide a reprieve from back pain.
Prevalence of Coagulation Factors Deficiency among Young Adults in Saudi Arabia: A National Survey
Authors: AlSaleh Khalid A. , Al-Numair Nouf , AlSuliman Ayman , Zolaly Mohammed , Albanyan Abdul Majeed , AlOtaishan Nouf , Abudouleh Esra , Bayoumy Nervana , Tarawah Ahmad , AlZahrani Faisal , AlAllaf Faisal , AlMomen Abdul kareem , Sajid Raihan , Owaidah Tarek M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroduction Inherited bleeding disorders vary in prevalence due to genetic disparity and ethnicity. Little is known about the prevalence of coagulation factor deficiency and bleeding disorders in middle-eastern population.Methods Young Saudi adults with at least one positive bleeding symptom reported in semi-structured validated condensed MCMDM-1vWD questionnaire were tested for complete blood count, routine and special coagulation tests, serum ferritin level, and capillary zone electrophoresis. After initial testing, those with prolonged prothrombin time (PT) or activated prothrombin time (APTT) had further testing to evaluate coagulation factors level. Platelet function was tested through platelet function analyzer (PFA)-100, and multiplate aggregometer (MEA) on patients suspected of having platelet disorders.Results Six-hundred-forty patients (male = 347, 54.2%) were included. A possible platelet function defect was diagnosed in three patients with one matching Glanzmann's thrombasthenia trait pattern, and one that of Bernard-Soulier trait pattern. One patient was diagnosed with von Willebrand disease. Deficiencies in coagulation factor levels were revealed as F-VIII in 14 (7.4%), F-IX in 15 (7.6%), F-II in two (3.3%), F-V in 17 (26.1%), FVII in two (3.1%), and F-X in one (1.8%) of study subjects; low vWF activity (<50%) was found in 14 (8%). Abnormal values were found for various laboratory tests with prolongation of platelet function analyzer-epinephrine (PFA-EPI) in 11%, PFA-ADP or arachidonic acid in 15.2%, PT in 35.9%, and APTT in 63.7%. Five-hundred-seventy-six patients (90%) had normal results in the coagulation factor assays and were categorized as patients with bleeding of unknown cause (BUC). A diagnosis of a bleeding disorder was more frequently made in men than in women (38 vs. 26). Iron deficiency anemia was found in 18 (25%) females positively associated with F-IX deficiency (p-value 0.000). Male gender (73.3%, p = 0.007) was independently associated with the diagnosis of coagulation factor deficiency.Conclusion The current study reports a higher prevalence of coagulation factors deficiency in Saudi population than reported in the western population.
Language and sexuality studies today
Authors: Motschenbacher Heiko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article presents a short overview of the field of language and sexuality since the mid-1990s and discusses two issues that have repeatedly played a role in my own work in the field during the last decade: the incompatibility of the termhomosexualwith non-heteronormative language use, and the question of what counts as queer linguistic work.
Reflections on theJournal of Language and Sexualityand the view from Japan
Authors: Hiramoto Mie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses contributions of theJournal of Language and Sexualitymade in the past decade in publication in relation to a development of the field currently recognized as language, gender and sexuality. I detail the development by using studies onjoseigo‘Japanese women’s language’ and discuss how it has impacted the field as a domain of scholarship and practice in the current moment beyond the study of the Japanese language. Lastly, I end the paper by commenting on directions in which language and sexuality studies have not yet examined but ought to address in future inquiry.
Black female scholarship matters
Authors: Makoni Busi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this article, I reflect upon the persistence of racial injustice and sexism in the process of knowledge production. This gendered racial injustice is seen in publication rates, citation rates, and appointments to editorial boards. The underrepresentation of women in general, and black women in particular, discursively constructs scholarly enquiry as normatively white and masculine. The exclusion of nonwhite scholars partially emanates from a reliance on Euro-American theoretical frameworks that are applied, often uncritically, in other contexts as if the Euro-American experience were universal. The result is scholarship that is incongruous with local experiences and practices. As theJournal of Language and Sexualitycelebrates its tenth year of publication, it would benefit from including epistemic perspectives that are pluralistic in ontologies, cosmologies, and insights.
The role of linguistic prosody in the responses to recited poetry
Authors: Postarnak Svetlana , Castro São Luís , Silva Susana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Psychological studies of poetry have focused on the responses to written text, and little is known on how choices
made by reciters affect listeners’ responses. We hypothesized that syntax-compatible prosodic cues – pauses and pitch breaks –
would increase preference by increasing comprehension. Participants rated different declamations of the same poem for preference
and comprehension. The match between syntactic boundaries and linguistic prosody cues was quantified in each version, and then we
tested how this match predicted listeners’ responses. Unlike our predictions, linguistic prosody had opposite effects on
comprehension vs. preference: Comprehension was enhanced by using both sentence pauses and clause pitch breaks, while avoiding
clause pauses. When controlling for comprehension, preference was enhanced by clause pauses but hampered by clause breaks and
sentence pauses. Results are consistent with the possibility that listeners enjoyed losing track of syntactic boundaries, in line
with the idea that deviation may lead to pleasure.
Atomically thin Schottky junction with a gap-mode plasmon for enhanced photoresponsivity in MoS2-based photodetectors
Authors: Jin Hyeok Jun , Lee Khang June , Park Cheol Min , Shin Gwang Hyuk , Hong Woonggi , Oh Dongsik , Choi Sung-Yool 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials present various extraordinary properties that are advantageous in optoelectronic devices with atomically thin nature. Despite their excellent light–matter interaction, a low optical absorption that is proportional to thickness is considered to be a major limitation. In this study, a gap-mode plasmon structure is applied to the Schottky junction of Au–MoS2 to compensate for its low absorption. The magnitude of the gap-mode plasmon is generally known to be inversely proportional to the gap distance between two metal nanostructures; hence, an atomically thin 2D material can be considered to be a good candidate for a gap spacer. Owing to the gap-mode plasmon structure, the photoresponsivity of the proposed device is enhanced by approximately 11.6 times from 25 to 290 A W−1 under 1 nW of laser power, without photoresponse time degradation. Two operation modes, named the photovoltaic and the photoconductive mode, are also observed through different response times; these present different carrier transport mechanisms depending on the existence of bias voltage.
High-density Ag nanosheets for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO
Authors: Yan Shenglin , Chen Chengzhen , Zhang Fanghua , Mahyoub Samah A , Cheng Zhenmin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To increase the specific surface area, high-density (i.e. number per unit area) Ag nanosheets (ANS) with large electrochemically active surface area and rich edge active sites over Ag plates were synthesized via a facile electrodeposition approach in a double electrode system at a constant current of −1 mA for 1800 s. By adjusting the concentration of H3BO3 (0.5 M, 0.1 M and 0.05 M), which is used to control the growth direction of ANS, ANS-20, -50, -350 were obtained with varying thickness of 20 nm, 50 nm, and 350 nm, respectively. Notably, ANS-20 showed a remarkable current density of −6.48 mA cm−2 at −0.9 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which is almost 1.6 and 2.4 times as high as those of ANS-50 and -350, respectively. Furthermore, ANS-20 exhibits the best CO selectivity of 91.2% at −0.8 V versus RHE, while the other two give 84.6% and 77.9% at the same potential. The excellent performance of ANS-20 is attributed to its rich edge active sites and large electrochemically active surface area (ECSA).
Superior sponge-like carbon self-doping graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets derived from supramolecular pre-assembly of a melamine–cyanuric acid complex for photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Li Lingfeng , Zhang Juhua , Zhang Quan , Wang Xiaohao , Dai Wei-Lin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The photocatalytic evolution of hydrogen (H2) from water splitting is considered a promising route to overcome the energy crisis, and the key lies in the preparation of efficient photocatalysts. Herein, superior ordered sponge-like carbon self-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets (SCCNS) were prepared via a combined strategy of melamine–cyanuric acid complex supramolecular pre-assembly and solvothermal pre-treatment using ethylene glycol (EG) aqueous solutions (EG:water = 50:50 vol.%) as a solvent and carbon doping source. The following pyrolysis converts the naturally arranged melamine–EG–cyanuric acid supramolecular intermediates to highly crystalline SCCNS with large specific surface areas. The optimal SCCNS-180 exhibits superior photocatalytic H2 evolution activities (∼4393 and 11 320 μmol h−1 g−1) when irradiated with visible light and simulated sunlight; these values are up to ∼17- and ∼18-fold higher than that of bulk g-C3N4. The quantum efficiency of SCCNS-180 at λ = 420 nm can reach 6.0%. The excellent photocatalytic performance of SCCNS-180 derives from its distinct ordered sponge-like nanosheet structure with highly crystallinity and the carbon doping, leading to its improved optical absorption, accelerated photoinduced electron–hole pair transfer and separation rate and enlarged specific surface area (134.4 m2 g−1).
Rapid divergence of parasite infectivity and host resistance during a biological invasion
Authors: Mayer Martin , Shine Richard , Brown Gregory P 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBy perturbing co-evolved interactions, biological invasions provide an opportunity to study the evolution of interactions between hosts and their parasites on ecological timescales. We studied the interaction between the cane toad (Rhinella marina) and its direct-lifecycle lungworm (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) that was brought from South America to Australia with the toads in 1935. Compared with infective parasite larvae from long-established (range-core) toad populations, parasite larvae from toads near the invasion front were larger, lived longer and were better able to resist exposure to toxin from the parotoid glands of toads. Experimentally, we infected the common-garden-reared progeny of toads from range-core and invasion-front populations within Australia with lungworms from both populations. Infective larvae from invasion-front (vs. range-core) populations of the parasite were more successful at entering toads (by skin penetration) and establishing infections in the lungs. Toads from invasion-front populations were less prone to infection by either type of larvae. Thus, within 84 years, parasites at an invasion front have increased infectivity, whereas hosts have increased resistance to parasite infection compared with range-core populations. Rapid evolution of traits might affect host–parasite interactions during biological invasions, generating unpredictable effects both on the invaders and on native ecosystems.
Does abiotic noise promote segregation of functional diversity in Neotropical anuran assemblages?
Authors: Jiménez-Vargas Gina Marcela , Atehortua-Vallejo Michelle Andrea , Arcila-Pérez Luisa F , Carvajal-Castro Juan D , Vargas-Salinas Fernando 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe abiotic noise of streams can mask the acoustic signals of anurans with a large body size calling at low frequencies, but not the signals emitted by anurans with a small body size calling at high frequencies. As a consequence, the body size of species in assemblages alongside streams is, on average, lower and less variable than that of assemblages away from streams. Given that the body size in anurans is frequently related to life-history traits, it is expected that functional diversity (FD) will be lower in anuran assemblages alongside streams than in assemblages away from streams. We calculated and compared FD, based on six functional traits, for anuran species in seven localities in different biogeographical regions in the Neotropics. In five lowland localities, FD was lower in assemblages alongside streams than in assemblages away from streams. However, the reverse trend was found in two Andean localities. Noise from streams, acting as an environmental filter, could promote low FD because taxa whose phenotype differs from an optimal type (high call frequency, small body size and associated traits) are excluded from riparian places. However, such habitat filtering could be stronger and affect more anurans in lowland assemblages than in those at medium elevation.
African immigrant acculturation scales in the USA: A systematic review
Authors: Tonui Betty C , Ravi Kristen E , Xu Ling 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Acculturation consists of a process of learning and adapting the behaviours and cultural values of another cultural group. However, the conceptualisation and measurement of acculturation is inconsistent across scholars. Therefore, the authors systematically reviewed the acculturation literature to identify and assess the psychometric properties of acculturation measures with African immigrants in the USA. This systematic review was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Studies were included if they used a quantitative methodology, were published in English and used acculturation measure, and involved immigrants from any African country. The search resulted in 1,882 studies, of which ten studies were included in the review. This review identified that studies utilised nine different acculturation measures originally developed for other ethnic groups. Findings also indicated that some studies reported reliability and validity scores, while others did not report psychometric analysis. Our findings highlight the need to adapt and test reliable and valid acculturation measures. Future studies should consider robust psychometric assessments to ensure the accuracy of the instrument with the target population. Such information is pertinent to social workers in understanding the acculturation experiences of African immigrants and refugees and developing cultural interventions.
Striatal and cerebellar vesicular acetylcholine transporter expression is disrupted in human DYT1 dystonia
Authors: Mazere Joachim , Dilharreguy Bixente , Catheline Gwenaëlle , Vidailhet Marie , Deffains Marc , Vimont Delphine , Ribot Bastien , Barse Elodie , Cif Laura , Mazoyer Bernard , Langbour Nicolas , Pisani Antonio , Allard Michèle , Lamare Frédéric , Guehl Dominique , Fernandez Philippe , Burbaud Pierre 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Early-onset torsion dystonia (TOR1A/DYT1) is a devastating hereditary motor disorder whose pathophysiology remains unclear. Studies in transgenic mice suggested abnormal cholinergic transmission in the putamen, but this has not yet been demonstrated in humans. The role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of the disease has also been highlighted but the involvement of the intrinsic cerebellar cholinergic system is unknown. In this study, cholinergic neurons were imaged using PET with 18F-fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol, a radioligand of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Here, we found an age-related decrease in VAChT expression in the posterior putamen and caudate nucleus of DYT1 patients versus matched controls, with low expression in young but not in older patients. In the cerebellar vermis, VAChT expression was also significantly decreased in patients versus controls, but independently of age. Functional connectivity within the motor network studied in MRI and the interregional correlation of VAChT expression studied in PET were also altered in patients. These results show that the cholinergic system is disrupted in the brain of DYT1 patients and is modulated over time through plasticity or compensatory mechanisms.
CD4 Count at Entry into Care and at Antiretroviral Therapy Prescription among Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States, 2005-2018
Authors: Lee Jennifer S , Humes Elizabeth A , Hogan Brenna C , Buchacz Kate , Eron Joseph J , Gill M John , Sterling Timothy R , Rebeiro Peter F , Lima Viviane Dias , Mayor Angel , Silverberg Michael J , Horberg Michael A , Moore Richard D , Althoff Keri N ,   North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, Benson Constance A , Bosch Ronald J , Kirk Emory-Grady Gregory D , Mayer Kenneth H , Grasso Chris , Hogg Robert S , Richard Harrigan P , Montaner Julio S G , Yip Benita , Zhu Julia , Salters Kate , Gabler Karyn , Buchacz Kate , Li Jun , Gebo Kelly A , Moore Johns Richard D , Moore Richard D , Carey John T , Rodriguez Benigno , Horberg Michael A , Silverberg Michael J , Thorne Jennifer E , Brown Todd , Tien Phyllis , D’Souza Gypsyamber , Crouzat Frederic , Loutfy Mona , Smith Graham , Gupta Meenakshi , Klein Marina B , Rabkin Charles , Kroch Abigail , Burchell Ann , Betts Adrian , Lindsay Joanne , Nijhawan Ank , Hunter-Mellado Robert F , Mayor Angel M , John Gill M , Martin Jeffrey N , Li Jun , Brooks John T , Saag Michael S , Mugavero Michael J , Willig James , Bamford Laura , Karris Maile , Eron Joseph J , Napravnik Sonia , Kitahata Mari M , Crane Heidi M , Sterling Timothy R , Haas David , Rebeiro Peter , Turner Megan , Park Lesley , Justice Amy , Moore Richard D , Althoff Keri N , Gange Stephen J , Kitahata Mari M , Lee Jennifer S , Saag Michael S , Horberg Michael A , Klein Marina B , McKaig Rosemary G , Freeman Aimee M , Moore Richard D , Althoff Keri N , Freeman Aimee M , Kitahata Mari M , Van Rompaey Stephen E , Crane Heidi M , Morton Liz , McReynolds Justin , Lober William B , Gange Stephen J , Lee Jennifer S , Hogan Brenna , You Bin , Humes Elizabeth , Gerace Lucas , Stewart Cameron , Coburn Sally 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
From 2005 to 2018, among 32013 adults with human immunodeficiency virus entering care, median time to antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescription declined from 69 to 6 days, CD4 count at entry into care increased from 300 to 362 cells/μL, and CD4 count at ART prescription increased from 160 to 364 cells/μL.
Attenuated heart rate recovery is associated with higher arrhythmia recurrence and mortality following atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Donnellan Eoin , Wazni Oussama M , Chung Mina K , Elshazly , Mohamed B. , Chung Roy , Taigen Tyler , Niebauer Mark , Kochar Arshneel , Hussain Muzna , Patel Divyang R. , Il’Giovine , Zachary , Harb Serge , Cantillon Daniel J. , Kanj Mohamed , Saliba Walid , Jaber Wael 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Aims
Heart rate recovery (HRR), the decrease in heart rate occurring immediately after exercise, is caused by the increase in vagal activity and sympathetic withdrawal occurring after exercise and is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. The extent to which it impacts outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has not previously been studied. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between attenuated HRR and outcomes following AF ablation.

Methods and results
We studied 475 patients who underwent EST within 12 months of AF ablation. Patients were categorized into normal (&gt;12 b.p.m.) and attenuated (≤12 b.p.m.) HRR groups. Our main outcomes of interest included arrhythmia recurrence and all-cause mortality. During a mean follow-up of 33 months, 43% of our study population experienced arrhythmia recurrence, 74% of those with an attenuated HRR, and 30% of those with a normal HRR (P &lt; 0.0001). Death occurred in 9% of patients in the attenuated HRR group compared to 4% in the normal HRR cohort (P = 0.001). On multivariable models adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), medication use, left atrial size, ejection fraction, and renal function, attenuated HRR was predictive of increased arrhythmia recurrence (hazard ratio 2.54, 95% confidence interval 1.86–3.47, P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusion
Heart rate recovery provides additional valuable prognostic information beyond CRF. An impaired HRR is associated with significantly higher rates of arrhythmia recurrence and death following AF ablation.