bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ĐIỀU KHIỂN HỆ CON LẮC NGƯỢC DÙNG PID KẾT HỢP TUYẾN TÍNH HÓA VÀO-RA
Authors: MINH NGỌC HUỲNH , Minh Chính Trần 
Published: December 2020

Bài báo đề nghị hệ thống điều khiển hệ con lắc ngược dựa trên điều khiển PID kết hợp phương pháp tuyến tính hóa vào-ra. Hệ con lắc ngược là hệ phi tuyến. Đầu vào là lực điều khiển. Hai tín hiệu ra là góc lệch của con lắc và vị trí xe. Trước tiên tuyến tính hóa vào-ra sẽ giúp tuyến tính hóa hệ. Sau đó bộ điều khiển PID giúp ổn định hệ con lắc ngược giữ cân bằng một cách thẳng đứng. Có dùng bộ điều khiển PID cho hệ con lắc ngược được tuyến tính hóa quanh điểm làm việc, góc lệch bằng 0. Cuối cùng kết qủa mô phỏng đươc thực hiện bằng Simulink trong MATLAB. Kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy bộ điều khiển PID làm cho tín hiệu ra bám tín hiệu vào và có chất lượng tốt như là thời gian quá độ ngắn và độ vọt lố bé. Hơn nữa, hệ thống điều khiển bền vững đối với sự thay đổi tham số của hệ như là khối lượng và chiều dài con lắc.
Pre- and post-exercise ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 Levels in Concur Horses
Authors: KANDIR Sinan , ER Cenk , KARAKURT Serdar 
Published: December 2020

A disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) proteinase family play an important role in many physiological and physiopathological processes such as the maintenance of locomotor system health in sport horses. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 levels in concour horses before and after exercise.
The Oldenburg and Selle Français horse-breed types which are healthy, 6-15 years old, around 650-750 kg, and distinct genders were used (n=10). Following the physical examinations, the horses were subjected to 50 minutes of regular exercise program. Blood samples were collected into anticoagulant-free tubes in order to determine ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 mRNA expression and ELISA levels before and after exercise.
There were no differences were observed statistically on ADAMTS-4, neither mRNA expression in spite of 25% downregulated, nor at the ELISA levels. On the other hand, ADAMTS-5 mRNA expression was upregulated 3.88 fold (p
Plateaus and jumps in the atmospheric radiocarbon record – potential origin and value as global age markers for glacial-to-deglacial paleoceanography, a synthesis
Authors: Sarnthein Michael , Küssner Kevin , Grootes Pieter M. , Ausin Blanca , Eglinton Timothy , Muglia Juan , Muscheler Raimund , Schlolaut Gordon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Changes in the geometry of ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC)
are crucial in controlling past changes of climate and the carbon inventory
of the atmosphere. However, the accurate timing and global correlation of
short-term glacial-to-deglacial changes of MOC in different ocean basins
still present a major challenge. The fine structure of jumps and plateaus in
atmospheric and planktic radiocarbon (14C) concentration reflects
changes in atmospheric 14C production, ocean–atmosphere 14C
exchange, and ocean mixing. Plateau boundaries in the atmospheric 14C
record of Lake Suigetsu, now tied to Hulu Cave U∕Th model ages instead of optical
varve counts, provide a stratigraphic “rung ladder” of up to 30 age tie
points from 29 to 10 cal ka for accurate dating of planktic oceanic 14C records. The age differences between contemporary planktic and atmospheric
14C plateaus record the global distribution of 14C reservoir ages
for surface waters of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and deglacial Heinrich
Stadial 1 (HS-1), as documented in 19 and 20 planktic 14C records, respectively. Elevated
and variable reservoir ages mark both upwelling regions and high-latitude
sites covered by sea ice and/or meltwater. 14C ventilation ages of LGM
deep waters reveal opposed geometries of Atlantic and Pacific MOC. Like
today, Atlantic deep-water formation went along with an estuarine inflow of
old abyssal waters from the Southern Ocean up to the northern North Pacific
and an outflow of upper deep waters. During early HS-1, 14C ventilation
ages suggest a reversed MOC and ∼1500-year flushing of
the deep North Pacific up to the South China Sea, when estuarine circulation
geometry marked the North Atlantic, gradually starting near 19 ka. High
14C ventilation ages of LGM deep waters reflect a major drawdown of
carbon from the atmosphere. The subsequent major deglacial age drop reflects
changes in MOC accompanied by massive carbon releases to the atmosphere as
recorded in Antarctic ice cores. These new features of MOC and the carbon
cycle provide detailed evidence in space and time to test and refine ocean
models that, in part because of insufficient spatial model resolution and
reference data, still poorly reproduce our data sets.
The Older Gamer in Games Studies: Marginalised or Idealised?
Authors: Wu Huan , Guo Chen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study concerns older gamers, who are often neglected in the gaming world. After reviewing the literature about older gamers, we have found most studies focus on the therapeutic function of videogames for solving problems related to age. Using an intersectional vision of critical gerontology studies and critical disability studies, we find that implicit compulsory youthfulness and compulsory ablebodiedness or ablemindedness colours studies about both older gamers and disabled gamers. These compulsory systems not only put older gamers and disabled gamers into a passive treatment-receiving position but also exclude them from a non-utilitarian style of game playing. Moreover, we recognise there are images of so-called ideal game players in current studies about older gamers and disabled gamers. These images further marginalise older gamers and disabled gamers. It is suggested that scholars undertaking future studies avoid ageism and ableism when studying older gamers or disabled gamers. Instead, researchers need to explore the original motivation of ageing people or people with disability to play video games, the sociocultural environment in which they are exposed to games and the specific social conditions under which games affect them.
Turning the Commission’s Farm to Fork Strategy into a far-reaching reform of EU agriculture
Authors: Stevenson Peter 
Published: December 2020

Despite the EU’s claim to lead the world on farm animal welfare, much of the EU livestock sector is industrial with poor welfare standards. Moreover, the crowded, stressful conditions of industrial livestock production contribute to the emergence, spread and amplification of pathogens, some of which are zoonotic. Industrial production is dependent on the routine use of antimicrobials to prevent the bacterial diseases that are inevitable when animals are kept in poor conditions. This leads to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in animals which can in turn be transferred to people, so undermining the efficacy of the antimicrobials that are so important in human medicine. In order to reduce disease risk and save our antibiotics, we need to move to ‘health-oriented systems’ for rearing animals in which good health is inherent in the farming methods rather than being propped up by routine use of antimicrobials. Industrial livestock production is also dependent on feeding human-edible cereals to animals who convert them very inefficiently into meat and milk. 57% of EU cereals are used to feed farm animals. Industrial production’s huge demand for cereals has fuelled intensive crop production which with its monocultures and agro-chemicals has led to soil degradation, overuse and pollution of ground- and surface-water, and biodiversity loss including sharp declines in pollinators and farmland birds. We need to transform the role of animals; they only make an efficient contribution to food security when they are converting materials we cannot consume – e.g. grass, crop residues, by-products and unavoidable food waste – into food we can eat. We need to move to regenerative agriculture such as agroecology which can minimise the use of pesticides and fertilisers, while in some cases, enhancing productivity by supporting and harnessing natural processes.
Formação continuada para tecnologias digitais em tempos de pandemia: percepções docentes sobre o curso Google Sala de Aula
Authors: Do Espírito Santo Eniel , De Lima Tatiana Polliana Pinto 
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo discutimos a formação continuada dos professores no contexto das demandas relacionadas ao ensino online decorrente do isolamento social imposto pela pandemia de Covid-19. O estudo visa analisar a percepção dos participantes do curso de extensão Google Sala de Aula para Docentes, da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, buscando-se refletir sobre o contexto da educação escolarizada diante dos desafios da pandemia bem como dos relacionados com a formação docente para as tecnologias digitais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, por meio do método de estudo de caso, realizando-se a descrição do questionário de avaliação de satisfação preenchido por 413 cursistas. Concluímos que os programas de formação docente em tecnologias digitais necessitam promover a reflexão crítica, por meio do diálogo pedagógico e apropriação tecnológica, possibilitando o traquejo com as tecnologias emergentes e, sobretudo, promovendo a aprendizagem e emancipação dos estudantes nestes tempos pandêmicos.
Os Gregos: a aprendizagem pela narrativa e representação
Authors: Ferreira Amauri Carlos 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo contempla a educação grega que teve início pelas epopeias e as formas elaboradas do processo educativo. A civilização grega contribui de forma decisiva e singular na percepção do mundo. De que maneira esta civilização desenvolveu-se, social e politicamente? Como a formação do ser grego que buscava a perfeição, a liberdade e a democracia irradiou-se culturalmente? Essas perguntas, e tantas outras, correspondem à constituição de uma identidade através da educação que, no sentido grego, seria a paideia. A paideia trata da formação do ser grego. O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar de forma didática a importância dos gregos da antiguidade para a compreensão do processo educativo ocidental. Para tal, buscou-se, a partir da aprendizagem pela narrativa dos mitos e da representação pelo teatro, um modo racional de se compreender o mundo. Assim, os gregos, em seu projeto de paideia, nos legaram um modo de narrar o mundo miticamente ao representá-lo pela arte do teatro e ao educar os indivíduos pela arte de pensar.
As Conferências de Ministros de Defesa das Américas (1995-2008): a construção do conceito de segurança
Authors: Cruz Glauber Eduardo Ribeiro 
Published: December 2020

As Conferências de Ministros de Defesa das Américas são reuniões propostas para pensar, discutir e definir um novo conceito de segurança para o continente americano. No período histórico definido como Guerra Fria, a concepção de segurança internacional vigente na região esteve direcionada para as decisões políticas e militares balizadas pela Doutrina de Segurança Nacional, a qual incluía a participação efetiva dos militares na política. A partir da década de 1990 buscou-se, por meio de fóruns, conferências, cúpulas e reuniões, rever, construir e delimitar um novo conceito de segurança, assimilando as posições políticas e as prioridades dos países latino-americanos dentro dos blocos regionais, a partir da ampliação do diálogo entre civis e militares, para definir a atuação e a ação política dos países americanos diante dos desafios impostos à segurança do continente. A ampliação do conceito de segurança e a responsabilidade de cada membro em relação ao seu país realçam o impacto da segurança como tema público relevante no início do século XXI.
Air Traffic Controllers’ Attitude to the Mistakes Hazards during Their Professional Experience
Authors: Reva Oleksii , Nevynitsyn Andrii , Borsuk Serhii , Shulgin Valerii , Kamyshyn Volodymyr 
Published: December 2020

Air traffic controllers’ (ATCs) work process can be presented as uninterrupted set of decisions. These decisions occur and are implemented in both clear and stealth forms being influenced a lot. Determined and stochastic risks are especially important in this process. Human factor (HF) effect on flight safety is proven to be better considered through operators’ attitudes toward unsafe acts and conditions. This seamlessly integrates in ICAO safety paradigm. Air traffic controllers’ preferences system (PS) is discussed in regard to typical professional mistakes set. Using paired comparison, normative part of summary hazard and differentiating part of summary hazard, the preferences system of air traffic controllers is received. For the first time, mistakes pair summary hazard is determined on the unique qualimetric 100-point scale. Systems pair has high correlation level according to Spearman coefficient (R = 0.9727). Proposed Kendall rank coefficient outweighs the traditional one twice (Wtraditional = 0.2722, Wproposed = 0.55237). The significance level for all cases is equal to 1%. Multistep procedure of marginal opinions separation is implemented. It increased Kendall rank coefficient value up to Wproposed = 0.7. Survey procedure influenced positively on the ability of mistakes memorization, recognition, and avoidance during simulation training.
Theories and Models of Human Errors Occurrence. Simulation of Aircraft Maintenance Processes
Authors: Pryimak Andrii , Orlovskyi Mykhailo , Tretyakov Yevgeny 
Published: December 2020

General issues of the errors occurrence by technical personnel were considered, their causes and consequences. Classifications of errors based on an ergonomic understanding of their nature, as well as on the results of an engineering-psychological analysis of operators’ activity are given. Much attention is paid to the methods used by ICAO to classify errors and violations. Details considered models SHELL and J. Reason. Their adaptation is presented for analysis cases of the impact of the technical maintenance quality on the flight safety of aircraft. A special place is occupied by the disclosure of assessing issues impact of technical personnel errors on flight safety. A wide range of existing methods and models is presented, allowing obtaining qualitative and quantitative assessment of this effect in order for the prevention of errors by technical personnel and mitigating their consequences.
Sea Almond as a Promising Feedstock for Green Diesel: Statistical Optimization and Power Rate Law Based Chemical Kinetics of Its Consecutive Irreversible Methanolysis
Authors: Esonye Chizoo , Donminic Onukwuli Okechukwu , Uwaoma Ofoefule Akuzuo , Sunday Ume Cyril , Jacintha Ogbodo Nkiruka 
Published: December 2020

For successful industrial scale-up and effective cost analysis of transesterification process, presentation of complimentary research data from process optimization using statistical design techniques, chemical kinetics and thermodynamics are essential. Full factorial central composite design (FFCCD) was applied for the statistical optimization of base methanolysis of sea almond (Terminalia catappa) seed oil using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with desirability function analysis on quadratic model. Reaction time had the most significant impact on the biodiesel yield. Optimum conditions for biodiesel yield of 93.09 wt% validated at 92.58 wt% were 50.03°C, 2.04 wt% catalyst concentration, 58.5 min and 4.66 methanol/oil molar ratio with overall desirability of 1.00. Ascertained fuel properties of the FAME were in compliance with international limits. GC–MS, FTIR and NMR characterizations confirmed unsaturation and good cold-flow qualities of the biodiesel. Based on power rate law, second-order kinetic model out-performed first-order kinetic model. Rate constants of the triglyceride (TG), diglycerides (DG) and monoglycerides (MG) hydrolysis were in the range of 0.00838–0.0409 wt%/min while activation energies were 12.76, 15.83 and 22.43 kcal/mol respectively. TG hydrolysis to DG was the rate determining step. The optimal conditions have minimal error and would serve as a springboard for industrial scale-up of biodiesel production from T. catappa seed oil.
Energy Use Efficiency in Irrigated and Rainfed Wheat in Pakistan
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Özçatalbaş Orhan 
Published: December 2020

Wheat is an important staple food in Pakistan and is grown in both irrigated and rainfed production systems. To meet increased demand, farmers have increased the use of input energy in wheat production. The intensive use of energy has many consequences for energy security and environmental sustainability. In this chapter, we have analyzed the energy use efficiency of wheat crop grown in two different production systems using data collected from wheat farmers of Punjab province of Pakistan through face-to-face interviews. Energy input–output analysis revealed that 49,079 MJ/ha input energy is used in irrigated wheat and 31,421 MJ/ha in rainfed wheat. The main difference between both production systems is because of irrigation water. Fertilizer has the highest share in total energy consumption followed by diesel fuel. Energy consumed per kilogram of wheat produced is less in rainfed wheat compared to irrigated. Similarly, energy efficiency values of rainfed wheat are better than irrigated wheat. Results of data envelopment analysis reveal that 38% of wheat farmers in rainfed systems and 62% in the irrigated system are using energy efficiently. The substantial difference between the energy use of inefficient and efficient indicates that there’s a significant potential to improve energy use efficiency in both systems.
Challenges of Perceived Self‐Management in Lupus
Authors: Fortin Paul R. , Da Costa Deborah , Neville Carolyn , Julien Anne‐Sophie , Rahme Elham , Haroun Vinita , Singer Wendy , Nimigon‐Young Jodie , Morrison Anna‐Lisa , Eng Davy , Peschken Christine A. , Vinet Evelyne , Hudson Marie , Smith Doug , Matsos Mark , Pope Janet E. , Clarke Ann E. , Keeling Stephanie , Avina‐Zubieta J. Antonio , Rochon Murray 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease with varied and unpredictable levels of disease activity. The ability to self‐manage lupus is important in controlling disease activity. Our objective was to determine levels of patient activation toward self‐management in lupus.MethodsWe used baseline results from the MyLupusGuide study, which had recruited 541 lupus patients from 10 lupus centers. We used the Patient Activation Measure (PAM), a validated self‐reported tool designed to measure activation toward self‐management ability, as our primary variable and examined its association with demographic, disease‐related, patient–provider communication and psychosocial variables captured in our study protocol. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were performed using linear mixed models, with a random effect for centers.ResultsThe mean ± SD age of participants was 50 ± 14 years, 93% were female, 74% were White, and the mean ± SD disease duration was 17 ± 12 years. The mean ± SD PAM score was 61.2 ± 13.5, with 36% of participants scoring in the 2 lower levels, indicating low activation. Variables associated with low activation included being single, having lower physical health status, lower self‐reported disease activity, lower self‐efficacy, use of more emotional coping and fewer distraction and instrumental coping strategies, and a perceived lack of clarity in patient–doctor communication.ConclusionLow patient activation was observed in more than one‐third of lupus patients, indicating that a large proportion of patients perceived that they are lacking in lupus self‐management skills. These results highlight a modifiable gap in perceived self‐management ability among patients with lupus.
Modeling coupled temperature and transport effects on biofilm growth using thermal lattice Boltzmann model
Authors: Delavar Mojtaba Aghajani , Wang Junye 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to develop an integrated thermal lattice Boltzmann model and cellular automata to investigate the effects of different temperatures and velocities on biofilm growth in a microbioreactor. Compared with previous studies this model accounted for direct effects of transient temperature on biofilm growth and indirect effects caused by changes of fluid properties. In addition, the algorithms have been improved on variations in solid boundary conditions, detachment and extra mass transport. Results showed that temperature affected both maximum biofilm concentration and growth rate. An increase of 10–75% in biofilm concentration was observed roughly due to increases in temperature. The time required to reach maximum concentration decreased from 30 days at a low temperature to 5 days at a high temperature. This demonstrates the capability of the present model to simulate biofilm behavior in the microbioreactor and its potential industrial and clinical applications.
Evaluating machine learning models for the fast identification of contingency cases
Authors: Schäfer Florian , Menke Jan‐Hendrik , Braun Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFast approximations of power flow results are beneficial in power system planning and live operation. In planning, millions of power flow calculations are necessary if multiple years, different control strategies, or contingency policies are to be considered. In live operation, grid operators must assess if grid states comply with contingency requirements in a short time. In this paper, we compare regression and classification methods to either predict multivariable results, for example, bus voltage magnitudes and line loadings, or binary classifications of time steps to identify critical loading situations. We test the methods on three realistic power systems based on time series in 15 and 5 minutes resolution of 1 year. We compare different machine learning models, such as multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), decision trees, k‐nearest neighbors, gradient boosting, and evaluate the required training time and prediction times as well as the prediction errors. We additionally determine the amount of training data needed for each method and show results, including the approximation of untrained curtailment of generation. Regarding the compared methods, we identified the MLPs as most suitable for the task. The MLP‐based models can predict critical situations with an accuracy of 97% to 98% and a very low number of false negative predictions of 0.0% to 0.64%.
An online compendium of treatable genetic disorders
Authors: Bick David , Bick Sarah L. , Dimmock David P. , Fowler Tom A. , Caulfield Mark J. , Scott Richard H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMore than 4,000 genes have been associated with recognizable Mendelian/monogenic diseases. When faced with a new diagnosis of a rare genetic disorder, health care providers increasingly turn to internet resources for information to understand the disease and direct care. Unfortunately, it can be challenging to find information concerning treatment for rare diseases as key details are scattered across a number of authoritative websites and numerous journal articles. The website and associated mobile device application described in this article begin to address this challenge by providing a convenient, readily available starting point to find treatment information. The site, Rx-genes.com (https://www.rx-genes.com/), is focused on those conditions where the treatment is directed against the mechanism of the disease and thereby alters the natural history of the disease. The website currently contains 633 disease entries that include references to disease information and treatment guidance, a brief summary of treatments, the inheritance pattern, a disease frequency (if known), nonmolecular confirmatory testing (if available), and a link to experimental treatments. Existing entries are continuously updated, and new entries are added as novel treatments appear in the literature.