bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explanatory notes to the Geological map of Greenland, 1:500 000, Humboldt Gletscher, Sheet 6
Authors: Dawes Peter R. 
Published: April 2020

Dawes, P.R. 2004: Explanatory notes to the Geological map of Greenland, 1:500 000, Humboldt Gletscher, Sheet 6. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Map Series 1, 48 pp. + map.
These explanatory notes cover the map region bounded by latitudes 78°N and 81°N and longitudes 56°W and 74°W, with geology shown on the land areas between Nares Strait - the seaway between Greenland and Ellesmere Island, Canada - and the Inland Ice. The bedrock geology is composed of Precambrian and Lower Palaeozoic provinces that continue across Nares Strait into Canada. Map units and mineral occurrences are described in general terms and are proceeded by sections on physical environment, logistics, data sources and geoscientific research. The notes are aimed at the practical user and a guide for further reading.The bedrock is composed of three provinces separated by unconformities, each representing a hiatus of c. 500 Ma during which basic dykes were emplaced. The Palaeoproterozoic Inglefield mobile belt, forming the crystalline shield, is an E-W-trending belt of deposition and orogeny characterised by polyphase magmatism, deformation and high-grade metamorphism. Clastic deposition, with magmatism at c. 1985 Ma, are the oldest events recorded, followed by the accumulation of the Etah Group (carbonate, pelitic and psammitic sediments with supposedly coeval mafic and ultramafic rocks) between 1980 and 1950 Ma ago. These rocks were intruded 1950 to 1915 Ma ago by the Etah meta-igneous complex, that records polyphase plutonism (intermediate to felsic, with some basic and magnetite-rich rocks), followed by deformation and partial melting producing granites 1785 to 1740 Ma ago. The Mesoproterozoic Thule Basin, defined by the unmetamorphosed and little deformed Thule Supergroup, records sedimentation and basaltic volcanism at least as old as 1270 Ma. The faulted, north-eastern basin margin shown on the map preserves the passage from the basinal sequence to a relatively thin platform succession invaded by basic sills. The Palaeozoic Franklinian Basin is represented by a homoclinal Cambrian to Silurian shelf carbonate succession and a major Silurian reef complex, with coeval siliciclastic slope deposits. The map region includes the classical area for Franklinian stratigraphy, now composed of 29 formations and four groups - Ryder Gletscher, Morris Bugt, Washington Land and Peary Land Groups.The only younger units preserved in the map region are widespread Quaternary deposits, an isolated outcrop of coarse-grained fluvial deposits (Bjørnehiet Formation) and non-carbonised wood erratics of Neogene age.Five mineral occurrence types are shown on the map: in lithologies of the Inglefield mobile belt, sulphide-graphite rust zones, a magnetite deposit and copper-gold mineralisation and in the Franklinian Basin, commercially drilled, zinc-lead-silver and zinc-lead-barium mineralisations. The basic ingredients of a petroleum model exist in the Franklinian Basin but prospectivity is low.
Descriptive text to Geological map of Greenland, 1:500 000, Dove Bugt, Sheet 10
Authors: Henriksen Niels , Higgins A.K. 
Published: April 2020

The Dove Bugt 1:500 000 scale geological map sheet covers a segment of the East Greenland
Caledonian orogen extending between latitudes 75°–78°N and longitudes 16°–29°W. The region was mapped in the summers of 1988–1990 as part of a regional Survey mapping programme, and the map sheet was printed in 1997.
The region covered by the Dove Bugt map sheet is dominated by Palaeoproterozoic gneiss complexes, with smaller amounts of Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks, and isolated strips of Palaeoproterozoic and Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks. All these rock units have been reworked to a varying degree during the Caledonian orogeny. Post-Caledonian sedimentary rocks occur in the south-east corner of the map sheet area and as narrow, fault-bounded enclaves elsewhere, while Palaeogene basaltic lavas and sills crop out on the island of Shannon.
The rocks of the Caledonian orogen form a number of major thrust domains. The most extensive and structurally lowest is the Nørreland thrust sheet which is characterised by lenses and layers of medium-temperature, high-pressure eclogites. The Western thrust belt occupies a broad zone of eastern Dronning Louise Land that comprises Palaeoproterozoic gneiss complexes interleaved with Palaeoproterozoic and Palaeozoic metasedimentary rocks. This thrust domain is separated from the foreland rocks of western Dronning Louise Land by the Imbricate thrust zone. In the south-west part of the map sheet the highest structural domain, the Hagar Bjerg thrust sheet comprises three rock sequences: crystalline gneisses, the Mesoproterozoic Smallefjord sequence and the Neoproterozoic Eleonore Bay Supergroup.
The crystalline gneiss complexes that dominate the map sheet area and make up a significant proportion of the different Caledonian thrust domains have all yielded protolith ages of c . 2 Ga. They are attributed to a major period of crust formation in the Palaeoproterozoic. The gneisses have been variably affected by Caledonian deformation and metamorphism.
The implication to crime as a subject of criminal law research
Authors: Shesler Aleksander 
Published: April 2020

At a meeting of the Council D 203.012.02 for the defense of dissertations for the degree of candidate of sciences, for the degree of doctor of sciences created on the basis of the Federal State Budget Institution for Higher Education “Saint-Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation”, on February 14, 2020, Dvorzhitskaya Marina Andreyevna defended her dissertation for the degree of candidate of legal sciences on the topic "Responsibility for implication to crime in criminal law" in the specialty 12.00.08-criminal law and criminology; criminal executive law. The Dissertation Council, chaired by the chairman of the Dissertation Council D 203.012.02, Doctor of Law, Professor S. A. Denisov, decided that the dissertation of M. A. Dvorzhitskaya is a scientific qualification work, that is essential for the science of criminal law and complies with the requirements established by the Regulation on the awarding of scientific degrees. The Council decided to award M.A. Dvorzhitskaya the degree of candidate of legal sciences in the specialty 12.00.08.
The article is a review of the dissertation of the official opponent, in which the structure and content of M. A. Dvorzhitskaya's dissertation are analyzed.
PELANGGARAN ETIKA BISNIS
Authors: Qomariyah Nurul 
Published: April 2020

Violations of business ethics that occur at this time, become a problem in itself. One of the factors supporting the occurrence of these violations is due to lack of basic knowledge about business ethics and the freedom of business people in carrying out economic activities, as a result many business people are competing in improving market mechanisms, Business should be assessed from a moral standpoint, just like all other human activities also seen from a moral standpoint. Because when not looking at the moral aspect of doing business, business people only think about how to increase sales turnover, and not only increase turnover, but also do things that are not ethical, such as: bribery, corruption, collusion and nepotism, it makes people uneasy . Adverse effects that will occur if a company is immoral and enforces the norms that apply in business ethics then it can have an impact on consumers' distrust of their products and can complicate business development again.
Key words : Violation, Bussines ethic, case
Pedogenic origin of Mezezo opal hosted in Ethiopian Miocene rhyolites
Authors: Ayalew Dereje , Pik Raphael , Gibson Sally , Yirgu Gezahegn , Ali Seid , Assefa Dereje 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Opals are widespread within Miocene volcanic sequences in the North Shoa province of Central Ethiopia. The opal occurs as cavity fillings in a 5 m thick seam of glassy rhyolitic ignimbrite that is sandwiched between basaltic lava flows. The opals occur over a large area (&gt;25 km2). X-ray diffraction analyses show that they are CT-type. The opals contain lower concentrations of trace elements (up to 100 times) than the host rhyolite. Ratios of most trace elements are, however, similar in both the opals and rhyolites. The opals have high δ18O values (28.4–33.8‰) that imply a low temperature of formation, between 20.55 and 25.74 °C. We therefore propose that the opals precipitated from meteoric waters that had percolated through and interacted with the host rhyolite. Field evidence indicates that this weathering and alteration occurred immediately after emplacement of the rhyolites, but prior to the extrusion of the overlying basalt flows.
Alkali sulfates with aphthitalite-like structures from fumaroles of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. II. A new mineral, natroaphthitalite, and new data on belomarinaite
Authors: Shchipalkina Nadezhda V. , Pekov Igor V. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Belakovskiy Dmitry I. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Koshlyakova Natalia N. , Britvin Sergey N. , Sidorov Evgeny G. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Natroaphthitalite K(Na,K)2Na(SO4)2, a new aphthitalite-group mineral, was found in exhalations of the active Arsenatnaya fumarole at the Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The associated minerals are anhydrite, langbeinite, hematite, tenorite, sanidine, johillerite, tilasite, and belomarinaite. Natroaphthitalite occurs as translucent yellow to colorless roundish single-crystal individuals up to 1 cm in diameter, sometimes combined in crusts up to 2 cm across, and as aqua-transparent colorless tabular to lamellar hexagonal crystals up to 2 mm across, sometimes skeletal, typically combined in parallel intergrowths or brush-like aggregates. Dcalc is 2.664 g/cm3. Natroaphthitalite is optically uniaxial (+), ω = 1.488(2), ε = 1.490(2). The chemical composition (wt.%, electron microprobe) is: Na2O 22.54, K2O 26.39, SO3 51.78, total 100.71. The empirical formula calculated based on 8 O apfu is K1.735Na2.252S2.002O8 (average of 15 spot analyses). The crystal structures of natroaphthitalite and the associated aphthitalite-group mineral belomarinaite, ideally KNaSO4, from the Arsenatnaya fumarole were solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and refined to R1 = 0.0283 and 0.0261, respectively. The unit-cell parameters, Z, and space groups are a = 5.6014(3), c = 7.1507(5) Å, V = 194.30(2) Å3, Z = 1, and for natroaphthitalite and a = 5.6088(3), c = 7.1858(4) Å, V = 195.77(1) Å3, Z = 2, and P3m1 for belomarinaite. The crystal chemical formulae of natroaphthitalite and belomarinaite (Z = 1) are XK1.00Y(Na1.28K0.72)Σ2.00MNa1.00(TSO4)2 and XK1.00Y1(Na0.96K0.04)Σ1.00Y2(K0.94Na0.06)Σ1.00MNa1.00(TSO4)2, respectively. Natroaphthitalite is isostructural with aphthitalite K3Na(SO4)2 = XKYK2MNa(TSO4)2 (both have centrosymmetric structures) with prevailing Na over K at the Y site of the crystal structure. Belomarinaite XKY2KY1NaMNa(TSO4)2 is the fully cation-ordered species, with acentric structure, in the series of natural aphthitalite-like K-Na sulfates.
Complexes between C-Reactive Protein and Very Low Density Lipoprotein Delay Bacterial Clearance in Sepsis
Authors: Cheng Zhenxing , Abrams Simon T. , Toh Julien , Wang Susan S. , Downey Colin , Ge Xiaoling , Yu Qian , Yu Weiping , Wang Guozheng , Toh Cheng-Hock 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) can increase up to 1000-fold in blood and form complexes with very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). These complexes are associated with worse outcomes for septic patients, and this suggests a potential pathological role in sepsis. Complex formation is heightened when CRP is over 200 mg/l and levels are associated with the severity of sepsis and blood bacterial culture positivity. Using a mouse bacteremia model, blood bacterial clearance can be delayed by i.v. injection of CRP–VLDL complexes. Complexes are more efficiently taken up by activated U937 cells in vitro and Kupffer cells in vivo than VLDL alone. Both in vitro–generated and naturally occurring CRP–VLDL complexes reduce phagocytosis of bacteria by activated U937 cells. Fcγ and scavenger receptors are involved and a competitive mechanism for clearance of CRP–VLDL complexes and bacteria is demonstrated. Interaction of phosphocholine groups on VLDL with CRP is the major driver for complex formation and phosphocholine can disrupt the complexes to reverse their inhibitory effects on phagocytosis and bacterial clearance. Increased formation of CRP–VLDL complexes is therefore harmful and could be a novel target for therapy in sepsis.
Anxiety and depression in adolescents with asthma and in their parents. Is an increased basal cholinergic tone a possible further reason to explain the negative impact on asthma control?
Authors: Liccardi Gennaro , Calzetta Luigino , Milanese Manlio , Bilò Maria Beatrice , Liccardi Maria Vittoria , Matera Maria Gabriella , Rogliani Paola 
Published: April 2020

To the Editor
We read with interest the excellent article of Licari et al. reporting that anxiety and depression are common in adolescents suffering from asthma as well as in their parents, mainly in mothers. The consequence of this relationship is that emotional disorders might negatively affect also the control of asthma.
Retos en la gobernanza de las universidades españolas
Authors: Gairin Joaquín , Castro Diego 
Published: April 2020

El artículo profundiza sobre los retos a los que se enfrenta el sistema de gobernanza universitaria en España centrándose en tres aspectos básicos: la Autonomía institucional, la Participación en el gobierno y la Rendición de cuentas. El análisis considera aspectos documentales y un estudio de campo con veintitrés entrevistas.La autonomía se relaciona con la capacidad para tomar y desarrollar las propias decisiones, planteando los problemas ligados a su extensión, desarrollo y control, sin obviar las contradicciones existentes entre la autonomía institucional y la autonomía personal. La participación enlaza con la tradición y se refuerza con el desarrollo democrático de las sociedades, si bien plantea los dilemas de representatividad-rapidez y de número de participantes-responsables en la toma de decisiones. Por último, los retos de la rendición de cuentas tienen que ver con el establecimiento de indicadores y los efectos de la misma.
A multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy aerosol profile retrieval algorithm for high-altitude measurements: application to measurements at Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany
Authors: Wang Zhuoru , Chan Ka Lok , Heue Klaus-Peter , Doicu Adrian , Wagner Thomas , Holla Robert , Wiegner Matthias 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We present a new aerosol extinction profile retrieval algorithm for multi-axis differential optical absorption spectrometer (MAX-DOAS) measurements at high-altitude sites. The algorithm is based on the lookup table method. It is applied to retrieve aerosol extinction profiles from the long-term MAX-DOAS measurements (February 2012 to February 2016) at the Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Germany (47.417∘ N, 10.980∘ E), which is located near the summit of Zugspitze at an altitude of 2650 m. The lookup table consists of simulated O4 differential slant column densities (DSCDs) corresponding to numerous possible aerosol extinction profiles. The sensitivities of O4 absorption to several parameters were investigated for the design and parameterization of the lookup table. In the retrieval, simulated O4 DSCDs for each possible profile are derived by interpolating the lookup table to the observation geometries. The cost functions are calculated for each aerosol profile in the lookup table based on the simulated O4 DSCDs, the O4 DSCD observations, and the measurement uncertainties. Valid profiles are selected from all the possible profiles according to the cost function, and the optimal solution is defined as the weighted mean of all the valid profiles. A comprehensive error analysis is performed to better estimate the total uncertainty. Based on the assumption that the lookup table covers all possible profiles under clear-sky conditions, we determined a set of O4 DSCD scaling factors for different elevation angles and wavelengths. The profiles retrieved from synthetic measurement data can reproduce the synthetic profile. The results also show that the retrieval is insensitive to measurement noise, indicating the retrieval is robust and stable. The aerosol optical depths (AODs) retrieved from the long-term measurements were compared to coinciding and co-located sun photometer observations. High correlation coefficients (R) of 0.733 and 0.798 are found for measurements at 360 and 477 nm, respectively. However, especially in summer, the sun photometer AODs are systematically higher than the MAX-DOAS retrievals by a factor of ∼2. The discrepancy might be related to the limited measurement range of the MAX-DOAS and is probably also related to the decreased sensitivity of the MAX-DOAS measurements at higher altitudes. The MAX-DOAS measurements indicate the aerosol extinction decreases with increasing altitude during all seasons, which agrees with the co-located ceilometer measurements. Our results also show maximum AOD and maximum Ångström exponent in summer, which is consistent with observations at an AERONET station located ∼43 km from the UFS.
Behind the scenes of an interdisciplinary effort: conception, design and production of a flyer on climate change for the citizens of Hamburg
Authors: Steuri Bettina , Blome Tanja , Bülow Katharina , El Zohbi Juliane , Hoffmann Peter , Petersen Juliane , Pfeifer Susanne , Rechid Diana , Jacob Daniela 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The goal of an interdisciplinary team of scientists at the Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) was to make the findings of the special report IPCC SR1.5 more accessible to the citizens of Hamburg. Therefore, a flyer was created that is understandable to non-climate scientists, visually attractive and generates interest. It contains up-to-date climate information, readily understandable texts and several graphical visualisations. The team has been working intensively on analysing and processing further the consequences of a 1.5 ∘C global warming for the Hamburg metropolitan region. While the team's natural scientists elaborated the impacts on specific climate indices, other team members focused on the visualisation and communication of the results.
Statistical estimation of global surface temperature response to forcing under the assumption of temporal scaling
Authors: Myrvoll-Nilsen Eirik , Sørbye Sigrunn Holbek , Fredriksen Hege-Beate , Rue Håvard , Rypdal Martin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Reliable quantification of the global mean surface temperature (GMST) response to radiative forcing is essential for assessing the risk of dangerous anthropogenic climate change. We present the statistical foundations for an observation-based approach using a stochastic linear response model that is consistent with the long-range temporal dependence observed in global temperature variability. We have incorporated the model in a latent Gaussian modeling framework, which allows for the use of integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLAs) to perform full Bayesian analysis. As examples of applications, we estimate the GMST response to forcing from historical data and compute temperature trajectories under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) for future greenhouse gas forcing. For historic runs in the Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) ensemble, we
estimate response functions and demonstrate that one can infer the transient climate response (TCR) from the instrumental temperature record. We illustrate the effect of long-range dependence by comparing the results with those obtained from one-box and two-box energy balance models. The software developed to perform the given analyses is publicly available as the R package INLA.climate.
Česká problémová dramatika šedesátých let 20. století
Authors: Kroča David 
Published: April 2020

In his monograph Czech Problem Drama of the 1960s, David Kroča (b. 1973), a literary scholar and educator at Masaryk University, focuses on a period that can in many respects be viewed as a turning point in the poetics of the original Czech drama. From the varied production of drama in the 1960s, which was rich in genre, he chose to research a specific stream called problem drama in which an ordinary dramatic conflict is substituted with an escalated confrontation of different opinions related to a particular problem. The introductory theoretical and context chapters consider the developmental tendencies in Czech drama as well as some important foreign resources. The core of the work consists of analytical and interpretative chapters which deal with the analysis of those dramas where the authors tackle serious existential problems and question social and moral responsibility.
Transcriptome analysis revealed key prognostic genes and microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ma Xi , Zhou Lin , Zheng Shusen 
Published: April 2020

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in HCC remain unclear and are in urgent need of elucidation. Therefore, we sought to identify biomarkers in the prognosis of HCC through an integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Methods
Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) for the screening of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Function and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network construction and key gene identification were performed. The significance of key genes in HCC was validated by overall survival analysis and immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, based on TCGA data, prognostic microRNAs (miRNAs) were decoded using univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis, and their target genes were predicted by miRWalk.

Results
Eleven hub genes (upregulated ASPM, AURKA, CCNB2, CDC20, PRC1 and TOP2A and downregulated AOX1, CAT, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and HP) with the most interactions were considered as potential biomarkers in HCC and confirmed by overall survival analysis. Moreover, AURKA, PRC1, TOP2A, AOX1, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4 were considered candidate liver-biopsy markers for high risk of developing HCC and poor prognosis in HCC. Upregulation of hsa-mir-1269b, hsa-mir-518d, hsa-mir-548aq, hsa-mir-548f-1, and hsa-mir-6728, and downregulation of hsa-mir-139 and hsa-mir-4800 were determined to be risk factors of poor prognosis, and most of these miRNAs have strong potential to help regulate the expression of key genes.

Conclusions
This study undertook the first large-scale integrated bioinformatics analysis of the data from Illumina BeadArray platforms and the TCGA database. With a comprehensive analysis of transcriptional alterations, including mRNAs and miRNAs, in HCC, our study presented candidate biomarkers for the surveillance and prognosis of the disease, and also identified novel therapeutic targets at the molecular and pathway levels.