bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-032: Patient-centered communication: Collaborative learning and communication strategies for patients and health care providers in the new normal of COVID-19
Authors: Raymond Martha , Simonetta Margaret-Ann 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology & End Results (SEER) program estimate that in 2020 over 1.8 million new cancer diagnoses will occur. SEER data also indicate that over 15.5 million patients/survivors are currently living with a cancer diagnosis in the United States. Amid COVID-19, transitioning care beyond the clinic to minimize exposure for patients and health care providers is essential. Now more than ever, new and evolving ways to communicate openly and effectively are crucial for patients and their health care team.
Methods: In March-May, 2020, the Raymond Foundation hosted nationwide virtual focus groups and town halls for cancer patients, survivors, and caregivers to gain a better understanding of how COVID-19 is affecting their cancer care, communication with their health care team, and shared decision-making. Primary goals included reaching patients in rural, urban, and community oncology settings to gain perspective from diverse populations.
Results: 489 patients, survivors, and caregivers (54% female, 46% male) provided the following insights: 89% reported communication with their health care team had deteriorated since the pandemic; 94% indicated the need for increased communication with their health care team; 42% had a general knowledge of telehealth while 58% had little to no knowledge; 98% indicated they would like to learn more about telehealth options and would try this advanced class of service if offered by their health care team; 64% reported they were not able to accurately communicate treatment adverse effects leading to increased suffering; and 96% reported increased isolation and fear of the unknown care landscape.
Conclusion: Cancer patients realize the importance of patient-centered communication to facilitate a personalized dialogue to actively participate in their care. Empowering patients with the skills they require to comprehensively perceive telemedicine, virtual care, and remote monitoring will help minimize patient risk and provide an opportunity for patients to engage with their health care team throughout the care continuum. Implementing strategies to skillfully serve patients via telemedicine and teleconferencing may be the new normal as we virtually revive the classic house call.
Citation Format: Martha Raymond, Margaret-Ann Simonetta. Patient-centered communication: Collaborative learning and communication strategies for patients and health care providers in the new normal of COVID-19 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-032.
Abstract PO-033: Professional and psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medical and radiation oncology residents: Results of a national survey
Authors: Hilmi Marc , Boilève Alice , Ducousso Anabelle , Michalet Morgan , Turpin Anthony , Neuzillet Cindy , Naoun Natacha 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic deeply impacted clinical practices in oncology leading to organizational, ethical, and medical issues. It has raised challenges in a context of competing care priorities between COVID-19 and cancer treatment. Residents and fellows were in the front line and had to face difficulties related to increasing care needs and urgent reorganization of the health care system while managing stress and uncertainty.
Methods: We conducted a national survey (39 questions) in France among all oncology and radiation therapy residents to describe psychological impact and difficulties encountered by residents (i.e., reassignment, training/research time, supervision, teleworking, management of patients) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results: Overall, 222 residents (oncologists: 61% and radiation therapists: 39%) participated in our survey (representing around one third of all residents and fellows in France). Reassignment in COVID-19 wards involved 32% of respondents. Training and research activity were decreased for 89% and 41% of respondents, respectively. 70% have been confronted with ethical issues, 35% felt worried about their health, and 23% experienced psychological distress. According to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 32% were anxious and 17% depressive. Consumption of tobacco, psychostimulants, and alcohol was increased in 45%, 40%, and 24%, respectively.
Conclusion: French oncology residents were highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of training and emotions. This national survey can be used as a basis for improved management, medical reorganization, and training of residents during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially when further waves are not excluded.
Citation Format: Marc Hilmi, Alice Boilève, Anabelle Ducousso, Morgan Michalet, Anthony Turpin, Cindy Neuzillet, Natacha Naoun. Professional and psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on medical and radiation oncology residents: Results of a national survey [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-033.
Abstract PO-040: The Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patient encounters
Authors: London Jack W. , Fazio-Eynullayeva Elnara , Palchuk Matvey , Mossop Corinna , Sankey Peter , McNair Christopher 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has upended the health care industry and the world as a whole, with the full effects unlikely to be realized for years to come. Unfortunately, cancer patients are likely to be disproportionately impacted by the pandemic, and there are a number of key efforts under way to explore this, including the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) and the ASCO Survey on COVID-19 in Oncology registries. However, there have been few studies to quantify the immediate impact COVID-19 has had on deviation from normal cancer care, as well as declines in screening efforts. Less screening may lead to delayed diagnoses and poorer future outcomes. We were able to leverage an existing health research network platform (TriNetX) to create a cohort of 20 different institutions across the US representing over 29 million patients. We initially focused on all patients with ICD-10 diagnostic codes for neoplasms (C00-D49). Key findings include a marked decrease in the number of patients having neoplasm-related encounters for March and April of 2020 when compared to the same months in 2019, with January and February remaining largely unchanged. Specifically, comparing April 2020 to April 2019, we observed roughly a -56.9% drop in the number of patients with a neoplasm-related encounter and a -74.0% drop in the number of patients seen for the first time (e.g., screening, initial diagnosis, second opinion, treatment initiation). Similar trends were observed when querying for patients with encounters related exclusively to malignant neoplasms (ICD-10 C00-C96). Site-specific malignancies were also analyzed, with melanoma, breast cancer, and prostate cancer displaying the largest decline in patients seen, and lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and hematologic cancers the smallest drop. Finally, changes in screening were investigated, with breast cancer screening falling by -89.2% and colorectal cancer screening by -84.5% in April of 2020 compared to 2019. Ultimately, these analyses validate the vital need to study and monitor the effect of COVID-19 on cancer patients moving forward, and provide the largest study to quantify the changes in cancer encounters due to the pandemic to date.
Citation Format: Jack W. London, Elnara Fazio-Eynullayeva, Matvey Palchuk, Corinna Mossop, Peter Sankey, Christopher McNair. The Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer patient encounters [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-040.
Abstract PO-045: Multiplex analysis of coronavirus and influenza antibodies using the ZIVA multiplex platform
Authors: Schmuke Jon , Miller Ben , Meeh Linda , Witherbee Byran 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Detection of antibodies to upper respiratory pathogens is critical to surveillance, assessment of the immune status of individuals, vaccine development, and basic biology. The urgent need for antibody detection tools has proven particularly acute in the COVID-19 era. We have used Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry (AIR™), a label-free protein microarray technology that relies on the target binding-induced perturbation of an antireflective coating on the surface of a silicon chip, to create a multiplex antibody detection array. ZIVA is a new multiplex protein detection platform that leverages AIR™ technology. We have used ZIVA technology to develop an acute respiratory virus panel capable of detecting the presence of antibodies specific for coronavirus and influenza including, but not limited to, detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS, three circulating coronavirus strains (HKU1, 229E, OC43), and multiple strains of influenza. We find that the array is readily able to distinguish uninfected from convalescent COVID-19 subjects and provides quantitative information about total IgG, as well as IgG- and IgM-specific responses. Samples may also be evaluated with ZIVA cytokine assays to monitor the cytokine storm in conjunction with viral antibody response.
Citation Format: Jon Schmuke, Ben Miller, Linda Meeh, Byran Witherbee. Multiplex analysis of coronavirus and influenza antibodies using the ZIVA multiplex platform [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-045.
Abstract S02-02: Covid-19 treatment candidate hydroxychloroquine impairs tumor response to anti-PD1
Authors: Wabitsch Simon , McVey Jack C , Ma Chi , Ruf Benjamin , Diggs Laurence , Heinrich Bernd , Greten Tim F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a worldwide health crisis. As of now, only one treatment has been established for the coronavirus infection disease 2019 (Covid-19), which has disproportionally affected patients with comorbidities such as cancer. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been studied as a potential treatment for Covid-19. Here we studied whether HCQ treatment could influence the effect of immunotherapy against colorectal and liver cancer.
Methods: In vitro studies were conducted to assess the effect of HCQ on lymphocyte activation and proliferation as well as cell growth and antigen presentation. Mouse cell lines used included MC38, CT26, RIL-175, SB1, and LD1 while human tumor cell lines used were TFK-1 and EGI-1. Mice bearing subcutaneous MC38, CT26, and RIL-175 tumors were treated with HCQ, anti-PD1, or both. Tumor volume was measured over 19 days. Systemic and tumor-infiltrating immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: HCQ treatment impairs T-cell production of TNF-α and IFNγ in vitro and in vivo. Whereas cell growth was decreased in all tumor cell lines, in vitro treatment of tumor cells with HCQ revealed an upregulation of MHC-1 in CT26, SB1, LD1, TFK-1, and EGI-1 but not in MC38 and RIL-175. HCQ treatment impaired response to anti-PD1 treatment in all subcutaneous models. Compared to control, HCQ treatment led to increased tumor growth in MC38 tumors. Flow cytometry analysis revealed an impaired activation of CD4+ T cells as well as tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic antigen-specific CD8+ T cells.
Conclusion: This study shows that HCQ treatment can result in immunotherapy failure due to a systematic immunosuppressive effect that overcomes the increased MHC expression on tumor cells.
Citation Format: Simon Wabitsch, Jack C McVey, Chi Ma, Benjamin Ruf, Laurence Diggs, Bernd Heinrich, Tim F Greten. Covid-19 treatment candidate hydroxychloroquine impairs tumor response to anti-PD1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr S02-02.
Abstract S04-01: Famotidine use and quantitative symptom tracking for COVID-19 in nonhospitalized patients: A case series
Authors: Janowitz Tobias , Gablenz Eva C. , Pattinson David J. , Wang Timothy C. , Conigliaro Joseph , Tracey Kevin J. , Tuveson David A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Treatment options for nonhospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to reduce morbidity, mortality, and spread of the disease are an urgent global need. The over-the-counter histamine-2 receptor antagonist famotidine is a putative therapy for COVID-19. We quantitively assessed longitudinal changes in patient-reported outcome measures in nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19 who self-administered high-dose famotidine orally.
Design: Patients were enrolled consecutively after signing written informed consent. Data on demographics, COVID-19 diagnosis, famotidine use, drug related side-effects, temperature measurements, oxygen saturations, and symptom scores were obtained using questionnaires and telephone interviews. Based on an NIH-endorsed Protocol to research Patient Experience of COVID-19, we collected longitudinal severity scores of five symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, headaches, and anosmia) and general unwellness on a 4-point ordinal scale modeled on performance status scoring. All data are reported at the patient level. Longitudinal combined normalized symptom scores were statistically compared.
Results: Ten consecutive patients with COVID-19 who self-administered high-dose oral famotidine were identified. The most frequently used famotidine regimen was 80mg three times daily (n=6) for a median of 11 days (range: 5 to 21 days). Famotidine was well tolerated. All patients reported marked improvements of disease-related symptoms after starting famotidine. The combined symptom score improved significantly within 24 hours of starting famotidine and peripheral oxygen saturation (n=2), and device recorded activity (n=1) increased.
Conclusions: The results of this case series suggest that high-dose oral famotidine is well tolerated and associated with improved patient reported outcomes in nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19. A blinded outpatient trial is planned. The findings may be transferable and relevant to the treatment of patients with cancer and COVID-19.
Citation Format: Tobias Janowitz, Eva C. Gablenz, David J. Pattinson, Timothy C. Wang, Joseph Conigliaro, Kevin J. Tracey, David A. Tuveson. Famotidine use and quantitative symptom tracking for COVID-19 in nonhospitalized patients: A case series [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr S04-01.
Abstract S05-01: Profound CD8 T-cell responses towards SARS-CoV-2 OFR1ab in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Gangaev Anastasia , Ketelaars Steven L. , Patiwael Sanne , Dopler Anna , Isaeva Olga I. , Hoefakker Kelly , De Biasi Sara , Mussini Cristina , Guaraldi Giovanni , Girardis Massimo , Ormeno Cami M.P. Talavera , Hekking Paul J.M. , Lardy Neubury M. , Toebes Mireille , Balderas Robert , Schumacher Ton N. , Ovaa Huib , Cossarizza Andrea , Kvistborg Pia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
While there is accumulating evidence on the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2, we are only beginning to acquire knowledge regarding the SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8 T-cell response. Therefore, it is an urgent matter to gain a deeper insight into the virus specific CD8 T-cell response to both assist vaccine design and provide tools to evaluate the vaccine-induced T-cell responses. To address this issue, we have analyzed samples from 20 COVID-19 patients for CD8 T-cell recognition of 500 predicted SARS-CoV-2-derived epitopes restricted to 10 of the most common HLA-A and HLA-B alleles. For each HLA allele, the top 50 epitopes were selected based on predicted binding affinity and likelihood of successful proteasomal processing. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 epitope predictions shared by the science community were considered. To probe for CD8 T-cell recognition of the selected epitopes, we made use of our in-house technology based on multiplexing of peptide HLA (pHLA) multimers conjugated to fluorescent dyes. Our data demonstrated that CD8 T-cell reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 was common. Remarkably, a substantial fraction of the observed CD8 T-cell responses were directed towards the ORF1ab polyprotein 1ab. These CD8 T-cell responses were frequently of a profound magnitude. In particular, a CD8 T-cell response towards a potentially immunodominant epitope (TTDPSFLGRY) restricted to the HLA-A*01:01 allele was found in all patients positive for this allele. Interestingly, the fraction of SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8 T cells expressing the inhibitory receptor NKG2A was higher as compared to bulk CD8 T cells. In conclusion, the fact that a major part of the identified SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8 T-cell response is directed against a part of the viral genome that is not included in the majority of vaccine candidates currently in development may potentially influence their clinical activity and toxicity profile.
Citation Format: Anastasia Gangaev, Steven L. Ketelaars, Sanne Patiwael, Anna Dopler, Olga I. Isaeva, Kelly Hoefakker, Sara De Biasi, Cristina Mussini, Giovanni Guaraldi, Massimo Girardis, Cami M.P. Talavera Ormeno, Paul J.M. Hekking, Neubury M. Lardy, Mireille Toebes, Robert Balderas, Ton N. Schumacher, Huib Ovaa, Andrea Cossarizza, Pia Kvistborg. Profound CD8 T-cell responses towards SARS-CoV-2 OFR1ab in COVID-19 patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr S05-01.
Abstract S08-01: Highly sensitive and full-genome interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 using multiplexed PCR enrichment followed by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Li Chenyu , Debruyne David N. , Spencer Julia , Kapoor Vidushi , Liu Lily Y. , Zhou Bo , Pandey Utsav , Bootwalla Moiz , Ostrow Dejerianne , Maglinte Dennis T. , Ruble David , Ryutov Alex , Shen Lishuang , Lee Lucie , Feigelman Rounak , Burdon Grayson , Liu Jeffrey , Oliva Alejandra , Borcherding Adam , Tan Hongdong , Urban Alexander E. , Gai Xiaowu , Bard Jennifer Dien , Liu Guoying , Liu Zhitong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Many detection methods have been used or reported for the diagnosis and/or surveillance of COVID-19. Among them, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most commonly used because of its high sensitivity, typically claiming detection of about 5 copies of viruses. However, it has been reported that only 47-59% of the positive cases were identified by some RT-PCR methods, probably due to low viral load, timing of sampling, degradation of virus RNA in the sampling process, or possible mutations spanning the primer binding sites. Therefore, alternative and highly sensitive methods are imperative. With the goal of improving sensitivity and accommodating various application settings, we developed a multiplex-PCR-based method comprising 343 pairs of specific primers and demonstrated its efficiency at detecting SARS-CoV-2 at low copy numbers. The assay produced clean characteristic target peaks of defined sizes, which allowed for direct identification of positives by electrophoresis. We further amplified the entire SARS-CoV-2 genome from 8 to half a million viral copies purified from 13 COVID-19 positive specimens and detected mutations through next-generation sequencing. Finally, we developed a multiplex-PCR-based metagenomic method in parallel that required modest sequencing depth for uncovering SARS-CoV-2 mutational diversity and potentially novel or emerging isolates.
Citation Format: Chenyu Li, David N. Debruyne, Julia Spencer, Vidushi Kapoor, Lily Y. Liu, Bo Zhou, Utsav Pandey, Moiz Bootwalla, Dejerianne Ostrow, Dennis T. Maglinte, David Ruble, Alex Ryutov, Lishuang Shen, Lucie Lee, Rounak Feigelman, Grayson Burdon, Jeffrey Liu, Alejandra Oliva, Adam Borcherding, Hongdong Tan, Alexander E. Urban, Xiaowu Gai, Jennifer Dien Bard, Guoying Liu, Zhitong Liu. Highly sensitive and full-genome interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 using multiplexed PCR enrichment followed by next-generation sequencing [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr S08-01.
Abstract S10-03: Increased risk of COVID-19-related death among cancer survivors
Authors: Shen Jie , Zhao Hua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Significant variations in experience of the COVID-19 pandemic have been observed in the United States. Increased risk of COVID-19-related death has been reported among cancer survivors, but due to limited sample size in those studies, to what extent the previous cancer diagnosis may play a role in the determination of COVID-19-related death is still unclear. In this study, using aggregated real-world data extracted from TriNetx electronic medical record data from 34 hospitals around United States, we assessed the relationship between prior cancer diagnosis in the past 5 years and COVID-19-related death within one month after the diagnosis of virus contraction. A total of 24,534 patients aged 18-80 years old who contracted COVID-19 were identified from January 20th to May 4th, 2020. Among them, 3,619 were cancer survivors. In the univariate analysis, we found that cancer patients had 2.55-fold increased risk ratio (RR) of death than those without cancer (RR=2.55, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.25, 2.88), although the risk was decreased but still significant (RR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.67) after adjustment for demographics (e.g., age, gender, and race) and other pre-existing chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, chronic ischemic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, asthma, and COPD. When stratified by cancer sites, significant associations were observed between respiratory and intrathoracic, oral, digestive, breast, male genital, urinary, blood, and skin cancers with COVID-19-related death in the univariate analysis. As expected, the most significant cancer site was respiratory and intrathoracic cancer with an RR of 6.49 (95% CI: 5.21, 8.07). However, after adjustment for demographics and other pre-existing chronic diseases, the significant associations remained for respiratory and intrathoracic, digestive, and blood cancers (RR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.73; RR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.38; RR=2.08, 95% CI: 1.51, 2.86, respectively). In addition, among cancer survivors, men were found to have higher RR of death than women (RR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.78), but the RR did not differ between Blacks and Whites. In summary, our data show significant increased COVID-19-related death among cancer survivors. The elevated risk was particularly evident among those who had respiratory and intrathoracic, digestive, and blood cancers.
Citation Format: Jie Shen, Hua Zhao. Increased risk of COVID-19-related death among cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr S10-03.