bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Trying to bring attention to your body when you’re not sure where it is’: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of drivers and barriers to mindfulness for people with spinal cord injury
Authors: Hearn Jasmine Heath , Finlay Katherine Anne , Sheffield David 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesWork is beginning to explore the impact of mindfulness in managing the physical and psychological health of people with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, no previous work has sought to understand what drives people with such conditions to try mindfulness, and what barriers are experienced in accessing mindfulness.DesignAn exploratory, qualitative, interview design, utilizing interpretative phenomenological analysis.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 11 people with SCI who had experience of mindfulness since sustaining their injury. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using IPA to understand the lived experience of mindfulness post‐SCI.ResultsAnalysis suggested that managing physical and mental health, and viewing mindfulness as proactive and protective were key drivers for exploring mindfulness. However, multiple barriers to accessing opportunities and developing capability impeded engagement. These included the focus on areas of the body that participants had reduced sensation in, physical environments that could not be navigated in a wheelchair, social stigma surrounding the use of mindfulness, and a sense of obligation and risk of failure implied by perceived requirements for engagement.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the need for specific interventions to accommodate the reduced sensory and physical function experienced by people with neurological conditions and to enhance sense of control and autonomy. In addition, recommendations include minimizing the stigma surrounding mindfulness, and the potentially demotivating impact of the perception of ‘failing’ to engage.
Surrendering to social emptiness: Chronic social exclusion longitudinally predicts resignation in asylum seekers
Authors: Marinucci Marco , Riva Paolo 
Published: August 2020

The current knowledge of the long‐term consequences of social exclusion mostly relies on theoretical assumptions. (Williams, 2009, Adv. Exp. Soc. Psychol., 41, 275) hypothesized that chronic ostracism drives individuals into a stage of resignation (depression, alienation, unworthiness, helplessness). We focused on asylum seekers (N = 112) as a social group at risk of experiencing prolonged instances of exclusion. Applying a three‐wave longitudinal design with a three‐month interval between each wave, we sought to advance the knowledge of the temporal development of chronic social exclusion. Cross‐lagged panel analyses showed that social exclusion influenced the development of feelings of resignation in the long term, from baseline to six months and between three and six months. In the same time frame, the perception of social exclusion became stable and chronic. These findings provide empirical evidence that chronic exclusion predicts resignation and shed light on the temporal development of the detrimental impact that pervasive exclusion can have on people belonging to marginalized social groups.
Efficacy of postoperative oral metronidazole for haemorrhoidectomy pain: a randomized double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Wilkie B. D. , Chandra R. , Chua J. , Lam D. C. S. , Paratz E. D. , An V. , Keck J. O. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to examine the efficacy of oral metronidazole in reducing posthaemorrhoidectomy pain versus placebo.MethodForty patients were randomized to either metronidazole and standard care or placebo and standard care (21 metronidazole, 19 placebo) in a double‐blinded, randomized controlled trial. The main outcome measure was posthaemorrhoidectomy pain scores over 21 days, measured on a 10‐point Likert scale.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups with regards to age, gender, smoking status, self‐reported general health or quality of life, haemorrhoid‐related pain, haemorrhoid‐related impact on quality of life, reported satisfaction with surgery, experience of surgery, median overall pain score or likelihood of recommending surgery to others. For reported median worst pain scores and defaecation‐related pain, a trend to significance was identified between groups on days 16 and 18–21, with the metronidazole group reporting less pain. However, these differences were not significant when prespecified Bonferroni correction criteria were used. Using multilevel mixed effects modelling, the impact of time on median worst pain score was identified to be highly significant (P < 0.0001) whereas treatment allocation (placebo versus metronidazole) did not significantly affect the improvement in patients' reported pain (P = 0.8837).ConclusionOur data do not support the hypothesis that postoperative metronidazole has a clinically meaningful effect on posthaemorrhoidectomy pain. This study adds to the previous literature, and implies that it should not be routinely used as an adjunct to analgesia.
Serum biomarkers in patients with stable and exacerbated COPD‐bronchiectasis overlap syndrome
Authors: Sever Zekiye Kula , Bircan Haci Ahmet , Sirin Fevziye Burcu , Evrimler Sehnaz , Celik Seda , Merd Neslihan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionBronchiectasis (B), commonly seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is associated with exacerbations and predicts mortality.ObjectivesTo differentiate patient groups with COPD‐(B+) or COPD‐(B−) and their exacerbations by using inflammatory markers.MethodsConsecutive COPD patients were divided into two groups according to findings on high resolution thorax CT (HRCT) images using Smith and modified Reiff scores. Patients were prospectively followed for possible future exacerbations. Serum fibrinogen, C‐reactive protein (CRP), soluble urokinase‐type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) levels were studied during exacerbation and stable periods.ResultsEighty‐seven patients were included and (85 M, 2 F), mean aged was 68.1 ± 9 (46‐87). HRCT confirmed bronchiectasis in 38 (43.7%) patients, most commonly in tubular form (89.4%) and in lower lobes. COPD‐B(+) group had lower body mass index (P = 0.036), more advanced stage of disease (P = 0.004) and more frequent exacerbation (P = 0.01). The HRCT scores were correlated with exacerbation rate (r = 0.356, P < 0.05). Fibrinogen and CRP values were higher in exacerbation (P = 0.01, P = 0.013, respectively) especially in COPD‐B(+) patients. suPAR and PAI‐1 levels were also higher in COPD‐B(+) patients although it was not statistically significant.ConclusionBronchiectasis is common and causes frequent exacerbations in COPD. Identifying of COPD‐B(+) phenotype by HRCT scoring systems has considerable importance for both therapeutic options and clinical outcome of the disease. In addition to fibrinogen and CRP, high serum levels of suPAR and PAI‐1 suggest us their significant roles in increased systemic inflammation associated with coexisting of COPD and bronchiectasis.
Determinants of Delphacidae richness and endemism in China
Authors: Zhao Zhengxue , Jin Baocheng , Zhou Zhengxiang , Yang Lin , Long Jiankun , Chen Xiangsheng 
Published: August 2020

1. Identifying the macro‐scale patterns and the underlying mechanisms of species richness are key aspects of biodiversity‐related research. In China, previous studies on the mechanisms underlying insect richness have primarily focused on the current ecological conditions. Therefore, the impact of historical climate change on these mechanisms is less well understood.2. Here, we use members of the Delphacidae family to evaluate the relative impact of the current environmental conditions and that of the Last Glacial Maximum on total species richness and endemism. Total species richness and endemic species richness were summed in 1° × 1° grid cells that the insects occupied. Generalised linear models, simultaneous autoregressive models, and random forest models were used to assess the effects of different environmental factors on total species richness and endemism.3. The two patterns of species richness are jointly regulated by the current environment and the Last Glacial Maximum, but their key determinants differ. Winter coldness and the temperature annual range strongly affected the total species richness, but temperature variation during the Last Glacial Maximum also played an important role in the development of species richness. The distribution of endemic species was most strongly affected by the Last Glacial Maximum temperature change.4. The studies confirm that historical climate change contributes to patterns of insect species richness, particularly patterns of endemism. Considering that China was mildly affected by the last glacial period, we propose that the incorporation of historical climate data into such studies will provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
What are the Conditions Associated with Subscore Added Value Noninvariance? Implications for Improving Subscore Interpretation Fairness
Authors: Rios Joseph A. , Miranda Alejandra A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSubscore added value analyses assume invariance across test taking populations; however, this assumption may be untenable in practice as differential subdomain relationships may be present among subgroups. The purpose of this simulation study was to understand the conditions associated with subscore added value noninvariance when manipulating: (a) subdomain test length, (b) differences in subgroup mean ability, and (c) subgroup differences in intersubdomain correlations. Results demonstrated that subscore added value was noninvariant for 24–100% of replications (depending on subdomain test length) when the subgroup difference in intersubdomain correlation was equal to .30. To examine if this condition was met in practice, applied invariance analyses of three operational testing programs were conducted. Across these datasets, noninvariant subscore added value was present for some subdomains across sex and ethnic subgroups. Overall, these results indicate that subscore added value noninvariance is largely driven by differential intersubdomain correlations among subgroups, which may be present in some operational testing programs.
Skin microbiota analysis in human 3D skin models—“Free your mice”
Authors: Emmert Hila , Rademacher Franziska , Gläser Regine , Harder Jürgen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the May issue of Experimental Dermatology 2018, we published a review article focusing on human 3D skin models in the context of microbiota research. The principal intention was to provide an overview of present and future concepts to use skin models in microbiota analyses. With the present viewpoint, we would like to draw the reader's attention again to the use of human skin models in microbiota research with the aim to highlight the benefits and necessity of human skin models to analyse the human skin‐microbiota interaction. This is accompanied by a critical view on mice models that often are not suitable to analyse the functional impact of the human skin microbiota. In addition, we present novel and future concepts highlighting the benefits of human 3D skin models in microbiota research.
Heterogeneity in amount of growth factors secreted by platelets in platelet‐rich plasma samples from alopecia patients
Authors: Shaik Javed A. , Estharabadi Nima , Farah Ronda S. , Hordinsky Maria K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPlatelet α‐granules release growth factors (GFs) that promote healing and tissue regeneration. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is shown to be beneficial in treating alopecia, and however, clinical response can be inconsistent. Due to several fold enrichment of platelets secreting large quantities of GFs following PRP injections, heterogeneity in amounts of GFs secreted by platelets may contribute to inconsistent clinical responses. Herein, we evaluated factors that could potentially contribute to heterogeneous secretion of GFs by platelets. We measured platelet secretion of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF‐BB), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) in aliquots of de‐identified PRP samples from female patients undergoing therapy in the hair disease clinic. Although secretion of GFs by platelets was comparable in PRP samples of patients with non‐cicatricial and cicatricial alopecia, a Shapiro‐Wilk test for normal distribution indicated significant variability across all patient samples. The amount of GF secreted by platelets was comparable when PRP prepared from two FDA‐cleared devices with distinct techniques were compared. We provide evidence of platelets secreting heterogeneous amounts of GFs within each sample as high and low secretion of random factors could be simultaneously detected. These results suggest inherent heterogeneity in secretion of GFs by platelets in patient samples that are not influenced by the device used to prepare PRP. Since some GFs could have antagonistic effects on hair growth, a balance between amounts of growth promoting and inhibiting factors may be crucial in determining clinical response to PRP therapy.
Straw utilization for biofuel production: A consequential assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from bioethanol and biomethane provision with a focus on the time dependency of emissions
Authors: Buchspies Benedikt , Kaltschmitt Martin , Junginger Martin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe shift from straw incorporation to biofuel production entails emissions from production, changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and through the provision of (co‐)products and entailed displacement effects. This paper analyses changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions arising from the shift from straw incorporation to biomethane and bioethanol production. The biomethane concept comprises comminution, anaerobic digestion and amine washing. It additionally provides an organic fertilizer. Bioethanol production comprises energetic use of lignin, steam explosion, enzymatic hydrolysis and co‐fermentation. Additionally, feed is provided. A detailed consequential GHG balance with in‐depth focus on the time dependency of emissions is conducted: (a) the change in the atmospheric load of emissions arising from the change in the temporal occurrence of emissions comparing two steady states (before the shift and once a new steady state has established); and (b) the annual change in overall emissions over time starting from the shift are assessed. The shift from straw incorporation to biomethane production results in net changes in GHG emissions of (a) −979 (−436 to −1,654) and (b) −955 (−220 to −1,623) kg CO2‐eq. per tdry matter straw converted to biomethane (minimum and maximum). The shift to bioethanol production results in net changes of (a) −409 (−107 to −610) and (b) −361 (57 to −603) kg CO2‐eq. per tdry matter straw converted to bioethanol. If the atmospheric load of emissions arising from different timing of emissions is neglected in case (a), the change in GHG emissions differs by up to 54%. Case (b) reveals carbon payback times of 0 (0–49) and 19 (1–100) years in case of biomethane and bioethanol production, respectively. These results demonstrate that the detailed inclusion of temporal aspects into GHG balances is required to get a comprehensive understanding of changes in GHG emissions induced by the introduction of advanced biofuels from agricultural residues.
Exploring the recent upsurge in productivity disparities among European regions
Authors: Gómez‐Tello Alicia , Murgui‐García María José , Sanchis‐Llopis María Teresa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper analyses thse evolution of productivity disparities across 156 European regions in the period 2000–2015. Using regional data, a battery of inequality indexes enables us to assess the extent of regional disparities. After confirming that labour productivity is the main component of income disparities, a dynamic shift‐share analysis is carried out at a 10‐industry level of disaggregation. The study evaluates the relative role of the three components underlying the disparities in regional productivity: changes in the industry mix, and within‐ and between‐industry productivity gaps. The main results can be summarised as follows. First, regional disparities are on the rise again in the EU. Second, most regions are now closer to the average, while a small group of the richest regions are moving further away. Third, the main drivers of productivity disparities are within‐industry differences in labour productivity with regard to the richest regions and, less importantly, the specialisation of the richest regions in more progressive industries. Finally, the net effect of structural change is still making a positive contribution to convergence with the leading regions.
Location choice of industrial land reduction in Metropolitan Area: Evidence from Shanghai in China
Authors: Wang Keqiang , Li Guoxiang , Liu Hongmei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnder the background of supply side structural reform of the land market, this paper constructs a location choice behavior model of reduction from the perspective of rent maximization, explores how these factors affect the industrial land reduction location choice. We consider 100 industrial parcels in the suburbs of Shanghai as an example to analyze. It is found that the enterprises in development zones have greater advantages in economies of scale, labor productivity, pollution treatment, and tax payments than enterprises outside the development zone, so the low‐efficiency enterprises outside the development zones are the preferred objects of reduction. The suburban areas have a stronger attraction than the outer suburbs in the process of location choice, and the closer the city center is, the more obvious the location advantages of enterprises in development zones. Under the control of the total amount of construction land, the land use structure should be constantly adjusted, inefficient enterprises outside the development zone should be preferred to the reduction object, and the government should actively guide enterprises to enter the development zones.
Haemophilia care in Europe: Past progress and future promise
Authors: O'Mahony Brian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHaemophilia care has experienced unprecedented advances over the past 50 years, with the promise of a functional ‘cure’ being within reach in the not so distant future. This review outlines the challenges the haemophilia community in Europe has faced over the decades since the 1970s and how it has overcome them to steadily advance care. It will also look towards the future and anticipate the hurdles to accessing the next wave of innovation and apply how past experience can help reduce or eliminate these hurdles. The lessons we can learn from the past can inform not simply treatment decisions, but shape the policy, advocacy and access environment needed to make the future promise a reality. The future is bright, but only through active participation across the haemophilia community will we be able to achieve it. We need to work together, to ensure progress will not only be realized by those with haemophilia in Western Europe, but by all those with haemophilia and other inherited bleeding disorder throughout Europe.
Shared decision making in breast cancer treatment guidelines: Development of a quality assessment tool and a systematic review
Authors: Maes‐Carballo Marta , Muñoz‐Núñez Isabel , Martín‐Díaz Manuel , Mignini Luciano , Bueno‐Cavanillas Aurora , Khan Khalid Saeed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is not clear whether clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and consensus statements (CSs) are adequately promoting shared decision making (SDM).ObjectiveTo evaluate the recommendations about SDM in CPGs and CSs concerning breast cancer (BC) treatment.Search strategyFollowing protocol registration (Prospero no.: CRD42018106643), CPGs and CSs on BC treatment were identified, without language restrictions, through systematic search of bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CDSR) and online sources (12 guideline databases and 51 professional society websites) from January 2010 to December 2019.Inclusion criteriaCPGs and CSs on BC treatment were selected whether published in a journal or in an online document.Data extraction and synthesisA 31‐item SDM quality assessment tool was developed and used to extract data in duplicate.Main resultsThere were 167 relevant CPGs (139) and CSs (28); SDM was reported in only 40% of the studies. SDM was reported more often in recent publications after 2015 (42/101 (41.6 %) vs 46/66 (69.7 %), P = .0003) but less often in medical journal publications (44/101 (43.5 %) vs 17/66 (25.7 %), P = .009). In CPGs and CSs with SDM, only 8/66 (12%) met one‐fifth (6 of 31) of the quality items; only 14/66 (8%) provided clear and precise SDM recommendations.Discussion and conclusionsSDM descriptions and recommendations in CPGs and CSs concerning BC treatment need improvement. SDM was more frequently reported in CPGs and CSs in recent years, but surprisingly it was less often covered in medical journals, a feature that needs attention.
Population dynamics of the butterflyPyrgus armoricanusafter translocation beyond its northern range margin
Authors: Widhalm Theresia , Fourcade Yoan , Frank Thomas , Öckinger Erik 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTranslocation experiments can be used to study the factors limiting species' distributions and to infer potential drivers of successful colonisation during range shifts.To study the expansion dynamics of the butterflyPyrgus armoricanusin southern Sweden and to find out whether its distribution was limited by climate, translocation experiments were carried out within and 50–60 km beyond its natural range margin. Populations were monitored for 8 years following the translocation.Although most translocation attempts failed,P. armoricanuswas able to survive in two sites north of its current range limit. One of them eventually led to expansion and establishment of a viable metapopulation. Translocation success appeared to be independent of latitude, suggesting that climate is not the main factor determining the current northern distribution limits of this butterfly.Population growth and secondary spread in the expanding population were positively related to patch area and connectivity, while local habitat quality seemed to be less important.The successful translocation and the importance of a well‐connected patch network suggest that the current distribution ofP. armoricanusis limited by its low dispersal ability combined with the fragmentation of its habitat, making it unlikely to track its changing climatic niche. Assisted migration could be an effective tool for such species, but long‐term evidence for its effectiveness is not yet available.