bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective, multicentre study in acute non‐cirrhotic, non‐malignant portal vein thrombosis: comparison of medical and interventional treatment
Authors: Rössle Martin , Bettinger Dominik , Trebicka Jonel , Klinger Christoph , Praktiknjo Michael , Sturm Lukas , Caca Karel , Mücke Victoria Therese , Radecke Klaus , Engelmann Cornelius , Zipprich Alexander , Heinzow Hauke , Meyer Carsten , Tappe Ulrich , Appenrodt Beate , Schmidt Arthur , Lange Christian , Strassburg Christian , Zeuzem Stefan , Grandt Daniel , Schmidt Hartmut , Moessner Joachim , Berg Thomas , Lammert Frank , Thimme Robert , Schultheiß Michael 
Published: June 2020

SummaryBackgroundTo evaluate medical versus interventional treatment (transjugular thrombus fragmentation, local thrombolysis with or without stent implantation) in patients with acute non‐cirrhotic, non‐malignant portal vein thrombosis (PVT).MethodsThis prospective, observational study enrolled 65 patients with acute (<28 days since begin of symptoms, no cavernoma) PVT in nine centres. Thirty patients received medical treatment and 35 patients received interventional treatment. PVT was graded into grade 1: short thrombosis and incomplete occlusion of the vessel lumen and grade 2: extended thrombosis or complete occlusion. Treatment response was classified as partial or complete, if thrombosis was reduced by one grade or to <25% of the vessel diameter respectively.ResultsPartial and complete response rates were 7% and 30% in the medical compared to 17% and 54% (P < 0.001) in the interventional treatment group. In the multivariate analysis, interventional treatment showed a strong positive (OR 4.32, P < 0.016) and a myeloproliferative aetiology a negative (OR 0.09, P = 0.006) prediction of complete response. Complications were rare in the medical group and consisted of septicaemia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin in one patient each. Interventional treatment was accompanied by mild and self‐limiting bleeding complications in nine patients, moderate intra‐abdominal bleeding requiring transfusions (2 units) in one patient and peritoneal bleeding requiring surgical rescue in one patient. Four patients in each group developed intestinal gangrene requiring surgery. One patient died 52 days after unsuccessful interventional treatment.ConclusionsCompared to medical treatment alone, interventional treatment doubled response rates at the cost of increased bleeding complications.
In search of a fitting moral psychology for practical wisdom: Exploring a missing link in virtuous management
Authors: Akrivou Kleio , Scalzo Germán 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile business as a social activity has involved communities of persons embedded in dense relational networks and practices for thousands of years, the modern legal, theoretical psychological, and moral foundations of business have progressively narrowed our understanding of practical wisdom. Although practical wisdom has recently regained ground in business ethics and management studies, thanks mainly to Anscombe's recovery of virtue ethics, Anscombe herself once observed that it lacks, and has even neglected, a moral psychology that genuinely complements the nuanced philosophical perspective of a virtue‐centered moral philosophy. Herein, we offer one way to fill this gap by suggesting two opposing psychological paradigms, namely the inter‐processual self and the autonomous self, which are classified according to the assumptions they make about the self, human agency and action more broadly, as well as how they relate to practical wisdom. Upon presenting these moral psychologies, we will bring this proposal into conversation with business ethics to show how the IPS paradigm can enable and support virtuous management.
Horvitz‐Thompson–like estimation with distance‐based detection probabilities for circular plot sampling of forests
Authors: Kansanen Kasper , Packalen Petteri , Maltamo Matti , Mehtätalo Lauri 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn circular plot sampling, trees within a given distance from the sample plot location constitute a sample, which is used to infer characteristics of interest for the forest area. If the sample is collected using a technical device located at the sampling point, eg, a terrestrial laser scanner, all trees of the sample plot cannot be observed because they hide behind each other. We propose a Horvitz‐Thompson–like estimator with distance‐based detection probabilities derived from stochastic geometry for estimation of population totals such as stem density and basal area in such situation. We show that our estimator is unbiased for Poisson forests and give estimates of variance and approximate confidence intervals for the estimator, unlike any previous methods. We compare the estimator to two previously published benchmark methods. The comparison is done through a simulation study where several plots are simulated either from field measured data or different marked point processes. The simulations show that the estimator produces lower or comparable error values than the other methods. In the sample plots based on the field measured data, the bias is relatively small—relative mean of errors for stem density, for example, varying from 0.3% to 2.2%, depending on the detection condition. The empirical coverage probabilities of the approximate confidence intervals are either similar to the nominal levels or conservative in these sample plots.
CRISPR/Cas9 for the treatment of haematological diseases: a journey from bacteria to the bedside
Authors: Humbert Olivier , Samuelson Clare , Kiem Hans‐Peter 
Published: June 2020

SummaryGenome editing therapies represent a significant advancement in next‐generation, precision medicine for the management of haematological diseases, and CRISPR/Cas9 has to date been the most successful implementation platform. From discovery in bacteria and archaea over three decades ago, through intensive basic research and pre‐clinical development phases involving the modification of therapeutically relevant cell types, CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is now being investigated in ongoing clinic trials. Despite the widespread enthusiasm brought by this new technology, significant challenges remain before genome editing can be routinely recommended and implemented in the clinic. These include risks of genotoxicity resulting from off‐target DNA cleavage or chromosomal rearrangement, and suboptimal efficacy of homology‐directed repair editing strategies, which thus limit therapeutic options. Practical hurdles such as high costs and inaccessibility to patients outside specialised centres must also be addressed. Future improvements in this rapidly developing field should circumvent current limitations with novel editing platforms and with the simplification of clinical protocols using in vivo delivery of editing reagents.
Comparison of STONE score, Guy’s stone score and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) score as predictive tools for percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcome: a prospective study
Authors: Biswas Krishnendu , Gupta Shailendra Kumar , Tak Gopal R. , Ganpule Arvind P. , Sabnis Ravindra B. , Desai Mahesh R. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate which among the three scoring systems used to predict stone‐free status (SFS) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), namely Guy’s stone score (GSS), STONE nephrolithometry score and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) nephrolithometry nomogram, is the most accurate predictor of SFS.Method and MaterialsWe prospectively included all patients who underwent PCNL (tract size >24 F) at our hospital between July 2017 and January 2019. All demographic and peri‐operative data were tabulated including calculation of GSS, STONE score and CROES nomogram score using preoperative computed tomography. Comparison of the ‘stone‐free’ group and ‘residual‐stone’ group was carried out using standard statistical methods.ResultsA total of 252 patients were enrolled. The mean GSS, STONE score and CROES score in the stone‐free group was 1.60, 6.98 and 212.27, respectively, and in the residual stone group group it was 2.93, 8.98 and 129.89, respectively (P < 0.001 in each). Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that all three scoring systems had similar predictive accuracy for post‐PCNL SFS, with STONE score having the highest area under the ROC curve value (0.852). GSS was significantly associated with operating time, estimated blood loss (EBL) and length of hospital stay (LOS; P < 0.001 in each). STONE score and CROES score were both significantly associated with EBL (P = 0.029 and 0.001, respectively).ConclusionAll three scoring systems are equally predictive of post‐PCNL SFS. EBL is significantly associated with all three scoring systems, while GSS is also associated with operating time and LOS.
Growing older with lifelong disability: What is “quality of life” in the middle years?
Authors: Tait Kathleen , Hussain Rafat , Wark Stuart , Fung Francis 
Published: June 2020

Accessible Summary

In the past 30 years, many people with (intellectual) learning disabilities have been moved out of large “institutions” and into their own home in their local community

These people are now often between 30 and 50 years old

We asked people with learning disabilities aged between 30 and 50 and who are living in their local community what things, including work, that they enjoyed doing

We asked people with learning disabilities aged between 30 and 50 and who are living in their local community whether they felt that they could make decisions about their life

We found out the things that make their life good, and also what might stop people enjoying their life

We learnt that people with learning disabilities should receive more support to assist them before they retire

We learnt that people with learning disabilities still need more support and choice around who they live with

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated perceived quality of life (QoL) of community‐dwelling middle‐aged adults (30–50 years) with an intellectual disability and/or developmental disability living in rural or urban areas in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. The specific aim of the current paper was to provide a descriptive evidence base of QoL and its specific domains by various key demographic characteristics of middle‐aged individuals. This cohort is likely to have either experienced or reached adulthood during and after large‐scale deinstitutionalisation in Australia.Methods and proceduresA cross‐sectional design was utilised, based on the QoL‐Q survey, testing domains of satisfaction; Competence/Productivity; Empowerment/Independence; and social belonging/community integration. The survey included demographic questions and was distributed to participants through disability support agencies across two states. The final sample included 291 respondents.ResultsThe overall QoL‐Q scores ranged from 3.0 to 29.5 (Mean = 20.4, SD, 4.1), with considerable variation in mean scores both across and within domains. The two demographic areas that showed greatest predictive value for QoL were work status and accommodation issues. The loss of agency and control in choice of co‐residents influenced perceived QoL for empowerment and independence domain of QoL‐Q.ConclusionsThe findings highlight QoL issues associated with policy decisions and support programmes for middle‐aged adults. The two key recommendations arising from the project are that future planning for post‐retirement or reduced working hours needs to commence at a much younger age than currently expected, and more attention needs to focus on facilitating individual decision‐making and choice within shared accommodation options.
RNA sequencing of plasma exosomes revealed novel functional long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Xuejing , Sun Liyuan , Wen Sha , Deng Deli , Wan Fengjie , He Xiao , Tian Li , Liang Lifang , Wei Chunmeng , Gao Kaiping , Fu Qiang , Li Yasi , Jiang Jianning , Zhai Rihong , He Min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExosomal long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been found to be associated with the development of cancers. However, the expression characteristics and the biological roles of exosomal lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. Here, by RNA sequencing, we found 9440 mRNAs and 8572 lncRNAs were differentially expressed (DE‐) in plasma exosomes between HCC patients and healthy controls. Exosomal DE‐lncRNAs displayed higher expression levels and tissue specificity, lower expression variability and splicing efficiency than DE‐mRNAs. Six candidate DE‐lncRNAs (fold change 6 or more, P ≤ .01) were high in HCC cells and cell exosomes. The knockdown of these candidate DE‐lncRNAs significantly affected the migration, proliferation, and apoptosis in HCC cells. In particular, a novel DE‐lncRNA, RP11‐85G21.1 (lnc85), promoted HCC cellular proliferation and migration by targeted binding and regulating of miR‐324‐5p. More importantly, the level of serum lnc85 was highly expressed in both Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP)‐positive and AFP‐negative HCC patients and allowed distinguishing AFP‐negative HCC from healthy control and liver cirrhosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.869; sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 76.5%) with high accuracy. Our finding offers a new insight into the association between the dysregulation of exosomal lncRNA and HCC, suggesting that lnc85 could be a potential biomarker of HCC.
MiR‐145 in cancer therapy resistance and sensitivity: A comprehensive review
Authors: Xu Wenxiu , Hua Yuting , Deng Fei , Wang Dandan , Wu Yang , Zhang Wei , Tang Jinhai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMircoRNA (miRNA) are a group of small, non–coding, regulatory RNA with an average length of approximately 22 nucleotides, which mostly modulate gene expression post–transcriptionally through complementary binding to the 3ʹ‐untranslated region (3ʹ‐UTR) of multiple target genes. Emerging evidence has shown that miRNA are frequently dysregulated in a variety of human malignancies. Among them, microRNA‐145 (miR‐145) has been increasingly identified as a critical suppressor of carcinogenesis and therapeutic resistance. Resistance to tumor therapy is a challenge in cancer treatment due to the daunting range of resistance mechanisms. We reviewed the status quo of recent advancements in the knowledge of the functional role of miR‐145 in therapeutic resistance and the tumor microenvironment. It may serve as an innovative biomarker for therapeutic response and cancer prognosis.
Silent NK/T cell reactions to dasatinib during sustained deep molecular response before cessation are associated with longer treatment‐free remission
Authors: Kumagai Takashi , Nakaseko Chiaki , Nishiwaki Kaichi , Yoshida Chikashi , Ohashi Kazuteru , Takezako Naoki , Takano Hina , Kouzai Yasuji , Murase Tadashi , Matsue Kosei , Morita Satoshi , Sakamoto Junichi , Wakita Hisashi , Sakamaki Hisashi , Inokuchi Koiti ,   the Kanto CML, Shimousa Hematology Study Groups
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study presents the final report of the multicenter, prospective tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation study, D‐STOP, after a 3‐year follow‐up of 54 patients with chronic CML who discontinued dasatinib after a sustained deep molecular response (DMR) for ≥2 years with dasatinib treatment. Estimated treatment‐free remission (TFR) rates at 12 and 36 months were 63.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 48.7‐74.3] and 59.3% (95% CI: 45.0‐71.0), respectively. CD3−CD56+ NK, CD16+CD56+ NK, and CD57+CD56+ NK large granular lymphocyte (NK‐LGL), CD8+CD4– cytotoxic T cell, and CD57+CD3+ T‐LGL cell numbers were relatively elevated throughout the 24‐month consolidation only in failed patients who molecularly relapsed within 12 months. In successful patients, these subsets elevated transiently after 12 months, but returned to basal levels after 24‐month consolidation. Therefore, smaller changes in NK/T, particularly the NK subset throughout consolidation, reflected higher TFR rates. TFR rates of those patients exhibiting elevation in CD3−CD56+ NK >376 cells/μL, CD16+CD56+ NK > 241 cells/μL, or CD57+CD56+ NK‐LGL >242 cells/μL during consolidation compared with others were 26.7% (8.3%‐49.6%) vs 78.3% (55.4%‐90.3%), HR 0.032 (0.0027‐0.38; P = .0064), 31.2% (11.4%‐53.6%) vs 85.0% (60.4%‐94.9%), HR 0.039 (0.0031‐0.48; P = .011), or 36.8% (16.5%‐57.5%) vs 77.3% (53.7%‐89.8%), HR 0.21 (0.065‐0.69; P = .010), respectively. Therefore, silent responses of T/NK subsets to dasatinib throughout consolidation were significant for longer TFR. Elevated NK/T, particularly NK lymphocytes responsive to dasatinib, may be immunologically insufficient to maintain TFR. Their decline, subsequently replaced by altered lymphocyte population with less response to dasatinib during sustained DMR, might be immunologically significant. (D‐STOP, NCT01627132).
Characterization of a 7 kDa pollen allergen belonging to the gibberellin‐regulated protein family from three Cupressaceae species
Authors: Ehrenberg Angelica E. , Klingebiel Caroline , Östling Jonas , Larsson Håkan , Mattsson Lars , Vitte Joana , Lidholm Jonas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSevere allergy to fruits mediated by a 7 kDa allergen belonging to the gibberellin‐regulated protein (GRP) family is known to be associated with Cupressaceae pollinosis.ObjectiveTo identify and characterize Cupressaceae pollen allergens involved in GRP‐related fruit allergy.MethodsPru p 7‐related proteins from pollen of Cupressus sempervirens, Juniperus ashei and Cryptomeria japonica were identified using a rabbit anti‐Pru p 7 antiserum, purified chromatographically and sequenced by mass spectrometry and bioinformatic comparisons. The C sempervirens protein was produced as a recombinant allergen in Pichia pastoris. IgE antibody binding to pollen GRP proteins was analysed in a peach allergic (n = 54) and a cypress pollen allergic (n = 88) patient population from southern France using ImmunoCAP.ResultsIn each of the three Cupressaceae species studied, a 7 kDa pollen protein related to Pru p 7 was identified and found to comprise an amino acid sequence of 63 residues in length, 92%‐98% identical to each other and 67%‐68% identical to Pru p 7. The C sempervirens, J ashei and C japonica GRP allergens have been officially recognized by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee and named Cup s 7, Jun a 7 and Cry j 7, respectively. Recombinant Cup s 7 showed IgE antibody binding capacity comparable to that of the purified natural allergen. Among 51 peach allergic subjects sensitized to Pru p 7, substantially higher levels of IgE to Cup s 7 than to Pru p 7 were found. Further, the pollen protein was able to completely outcompete IgE binding to Pru p 7, while the reverse competition effect was modest, consistent with primary sensitization by the pollen allergen.Conclusion and Clinical RelevancePru p 7‐related pollen allergens from three Cupressaceae species have been characterized and may become useful for the identification of pollinosis patients at risk of developing severe fruit allergy.
Late diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Barkai T , Somech R , Broides A , Gavrieli R , Wolach B , Marcus N , Hagin D , Stauber T 
Published: June 2020

SummaryModern era advancements in medical care, with improved treatment of infections, can result in delayed diagnosis of congenital immunodeficiencies. In this study we present a retrospective cohort of 16 patients diagnosed with Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) at adulthood. Some of the patients had a milder clinical phenotype, but others had a classic phenotype with severe infectious and inflammatory complications reflecting a profoundly impaired neutrophil function. It is therefore of great importance to investigate the individual journey of each patient through different misdiagnoses and the threads which led to the correct diagnosis. Currently the recommended definitive treatment for CGD is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although survival of our patients to adulthood might argue against the need for early HSCT during infancy, we claim that the opposite is correct, as most of them grew to be severely ill and diagnosed at a stage when HSCT is debatable with potentially an unfavorable outcome. This cohort stresses the need to increase awareness of this severe congenital immunodeficiency among clinicians of different specialties who might be treating undiagnosed adult patients with CGD.
Medical biotechnology as a paradigm for forest restoration and introduction of the transgenic American chestnut
Authors: Aucott Michael , Parker Rex A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFor over 40 years, biotechnology and genetic engineering (GE) have been used in the development of medicines and biologic agents important in protecting and augmenting human health and have been met with broad public acceptance in the health care arena. GE has also been used to improve and develop plants important to agriculture and forestry, but in these areas, it has often encountered intense opposition that has prevented or delayed the introduction of potentially useful plants. Much of the opposition to GE's application in agriculture and forestry may be driven by concerns that GE plants will serve primarily to encourage the domination of the food and wood products industries by monopolistic corporations or will be disruptive to the environment. But to conflate genetic modifications intended to promote healthy ecosystems or preserve threatened species with GE projects aimed at benefiting corporate agriculture and forestry is misleading and illogical. Further, the pervasive human disruption and damage to forest ecosystems makes it prudent to bring the best that science can offer to the protection and restoration of critical woodland denizens and broader ecosystem health. The notion that minimal human intervention in the forest environment may be the best approach ignores humanity's responsibility to help manage and protect some of the very places that have been most damaged by human intrusion. GE intended to improve forest health should be afforded the same consideration, acceptance, and support as GE intended to improve human health. These efforts should include the use of GE technology such as carefully developed transgenic trees to cure ongoing forest pathogenesis, such as the chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica), which threatens to drive the American chestnut (Castanea dentata) to extinction.