bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, awareness and preparedness regarding coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic among community pharmacy practitioners working in Kathmandu, Nepal: A pilot study
Authors: Shrestha Sunil , Jha Nisha , Palaian Subish , Shankar Pathyil Ravi 
Published: November 2020

Good knowledge, awareness and preparedness regarding coronavirus disease 2019, among community pharmacy practitioners (CPPs), will enable them to provide correct information and support to patients, convey instructions from the public health authorities and protect their own health. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine knowledge, awareness and preparedness regarding coronavirus disease 2019 among CPPs working in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method from 10 February to 25 March 2020. Data were analysed descriptively, and one-sample independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare scores among different subgroups of respondents ( p < 0.05). Post hoc analyses (following analysis of variance) were done using the Bonferroni test. Results: A total of 81 CPPs participated. Mean ± standard deviation age was 26.70 ± 5.29 years. Majority of the respondents were male (64.2%). Many CPPs (40.7%) had work experience between 1 and 5 years. Almost half (45.7%) had an educational qualification of Diploma in Pharmacy. Significant differences in knowledge ( p = 0.022) and preparedness ( p < 0.001) were found among individuals with differing levels of work experience. Similarly, a significant difference was found between knowledge-preparedness and work experience ( p = 0.022 and p < 0.001), location of pharmacy ( p < 0.001) and educational qualification ( p = 0.031). Awareness ( p < 0.001) and preparedness scores ( p = 0.049) were different among community pharmacies with the different number of medicines available. Conclusion: Knowledge was found to be higher in CPPs with a work experience of more than 5 years. CPPs working at larger community pharmacies were more aware and prepared. CPPs’ knowledge, awareness and preparedness should be evaluated more widely and strengthened.
Revision total knee arthroplasty longer term outcome and comparison between infection and aseptic loosening at mean follow-up of 10 years
Authors: Tse TST , Hui SHK , To CY , Wong MK , Tsang WL 
Published: November 2020

Background: Although the majority of total knee arthroplasty cases have good outcome and survival, some arthroplasty eventually required revision. While early outcomes of revision knee arthroplasty are well reported, there is relatively fewer literatures reporting on the longer term outcome of revision knee arthroplasty. This study aims to review the outcome of revision knee arthroplasty for a longer term, and also make comparison between the two common indications for revision arthroplasty of infection and aseptic loosening. Methods: This study reviews all total knee arthroplasty revision performed at a single center over a 11 year period. Of the 48 cases found, 35 cases not lost to follow-up had a mean follow-up duration of 10.6 years (SD 2.9) for aseptic loosening, and 10.1 years (SD 2.6) for infection. Data of initial arthroplasty, revision arthroplasty, demographics, follow-up outcome were obtained, analyzed and compared. Results: Revision arthroplasty due to infection had more cases that required use of varus/valgus constraints (p ∼ 0.008) and extensile surgical exposure of quadriceps snip (p ∼ 0.005) compared to aseptic loosening. The survival at 10 years for this study is 91% overall (aseptic loosening 93.3%, infection 89.3%). Infection cases had significant initial improvement for range of motion (p ∼ 0.001) and use of walking aid (p ∼ 0.04) at post-operation 1 year, but no significant differences between the infection and aseptic loosening cases at 5 years and 10 years follow-up. Comparison between the two groups on other factors including initial arthroplasty, operative details, demographics, post-operative details and X-rays showed no statistically significant difference.
Functional outcome of total knee replacement for inflammatory arthritis of knee
Authors: Jeyaraman Madhan , Chaudhary Dushyant 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disorder that involves symmetrical small and large joints. Despite DMARDs, biological agents and anti-inflammatory agents, severe damage to the joint cartilage occurs, mainly due to the growing synovium. Total knee replacement in RA has been an enormous boon to those who are suffering from pain and deformity because of severe restriction of knee joint movement. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical, functional and radiological outcomes after TKR for inflammatory arthropathy and to identify potential factors that affect the functional outcome after TKR for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis during the period 2011–2018 were recruited for the study after informed consent. The American Knee Society scores and functional scores were used for the functional outcome and assessment. Preoperative scores were obtained from previous medical records. Paired t test was done to determine the significance in changes between the preoperative and postoperative scores. Bivariate analysis using Spearman correlation and logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the influence of various factors on the postoperative knee scores. Results: The average age of patients at the time of TKR was 54 years, all were in stage IV disease, and the majority were women (n = 20). The significant improvement (p = 0.000) was observed between the preoperative (57.3) and postoperative (97.4) Knee Society scores, as well as improvement in functional scores from 36.3 preoperative to 85.2 points postoperatively after TKR. Steroid usage had a significant positive correlation. The duration of disease and involvement of the other joint had a significant negative correlation to postoperative functional scores. Conclusion: Total Knee Replacement has been proved as one of the most successful surgical interventions for reducing pain and enhancing physical function in inflammatory arthritis patients.
Repair of chronic Achilles tendon rupture using Bosworth’s technique
Authors: Borah Dhruba Narayan , Rai Siddhartha , Frank Herman Conrad , Dutta Anshuman 
Published: November 2020

Background: A large number of ruptures of the Achilles tendon occurs in the watershed hypovascular region (zone II) of the tendon which is approximately 2–6 cm proximal to the insertion of tendon at calcaneum. Chronic Achilles tendon rupture in the watershed area makes end to end repair of tendon less feasible and the neglected distal stump is often inapt for repair. A number of surgical techniques have been described for repair of chronic Achilles tendon in zone II. Our study was conducted with the objective of determining the efficacy and functional outcome of Bosworth’s technique that involves gastrocnemius-soleus turndown of proximal Achilles tendon. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a total of five patients with chronic tear of Achilles tendon and the Bosworth technique was used for repair in all the patients. All the patients were followed up for a period of 1 year and the functional outcome was assessed by scoring system devised by Leppilahti et al. Results: four out of the five patients showed excellent functional at the end of 1 year follow up. A good functional outcome was seen in one of the patients. All the patients were able to resume work 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion: The Bosworth’s technique is an excellent surgical procedure for repair of chronic Achilles tendon rupture in the watershed zone of the tendon.
Return to Play After Isolated Meniscal Repairs in Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Blanchard Erica R. , Hadley Christopher J. , Wicks Eric D. , Emper William , Cohen Steven B. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Meniscal tears are a common knee injury. Isolated meniscal tears are less common; however, unaddressed tears can be troublesome, particularly for athletes. There is currently a lack of data in the literature on athletes returning to play after isolated meniscal repair. Purpose: To evaluate the return to play rate and time to return to play for athletes with isolated meniscal injuries. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that reported the time and the rate of return to play in athletes after repair of isolated meniscal tears. Studies were excluded if there was a concomitant anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, if there was a meniscectomy instead of a meniscal repair, or if the study was a systematic review. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed by 2 examiners. Results: Overall, 21 studies were included in this review. There were 355 athletes (358 knees) with a mean age of 22.5 years (range, 9-68 years). A sex breakdown was noted in 16 of the 21 (76.2%) studies with 224 men and 71 women. The specific repair technique was described in 259 (72.3%) knees. Of the total knees, 109 (30.4%) had an open repair, 128 (35.8%) had an inside-out arthroscopic technique repair, and 22 (6.1%) had an all-inside arthroscopic technique repair. Complications were addressed in 11 studies, with 13 out of 155 (8.4%) patients across the 11 articles having a postoperative complication. Of the total 355 patients, 295 (83.1%) returned to play, and 17 of these 21 (81.0%) articles reported the time it took for athletes to return to play, with a mean return of 8.7 months. Conclusion: The study results indicate that return to play rates after isolated meniscal repair are high, with an overall return to play rate of 83.1% and a mean return to play time of 8.7 months. However, the limited number of studies, particularly ones with larger patient numbers, highlights the need for further investigation regarding isolated meniscal repair in athletes.
Treatment with antifibrotic agents in idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis with usual interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Sugino Keishi , Ono Hirotaka , Shimizu Hiroshige , Kurosawa Takeyuki , Matsumoto Keiko , Ando Masahiro , Mori Kiyoshi , Tsuboi Eiyasu , Homma Sakae , Kishi Kazuma 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThere are no established therapeutic options available for idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (IPPFE) apart from supportive care and lung transplantation. Furthermore, it is known that IPPFE with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and lower lobe predominance is a disease entity distinct from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). To our knowledge, few studies are available that report on the efficacy of antifibrotic agents for IPPFE with UIP.AimThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of antifibrotic agents between IPPFE with UIP and typical IPF in real-world clinical practice.Patients and methodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of all patients at two interstitial lung disease centres. Sixty-four patients were diagnosed as having IPPFE with UIP and 195 patients were diagnosed with typical IPF. We compared the efficacy of antifibrotic agents between these two groups.ResultsSurvival time was significantly shorter in the patients with IPPFE with UIP. Some 125 patients were administered antifibrotic agents for over 6 months (34 with IPPFE with UIP and 91 with typical IPF). Reduced forced vital capacity (FVC) 6 months after treatment with antifibrotic agents was significantly greater in the IPPFE with UIP group than in those in the typical IPF group. Moreover, the change in % predicted FVC was significantly greater during the follow-up in patients with IPPFE with UIP compared with those with typical IPF.ConclusionsThe efficacy of antifibrotic agents was limited in patients with IPPFE with UIP. Thus, IPPFE with UIP remains a fatal and progressive disease.
Validation of the Swedevox registry of continuous positive airway pressure, long-term mechanical ventilator and long-term oxygen therapy
Authors: Ekström Magnus , Albrecht Dirk , Andersson Susanne , Grote Ludger , Kärrsten Rundström Birgitta , Palm Andreas , Theorell-Haglöw Jenny , Wahlberg Josefin , Midgren Bengt 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe Swedish Registry of Respiratory Failure (Swedevox) collects nationwide data on patients starting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, long-term mechanical ventilator (LTMV) and long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). We validated key information in Swedevox against source data from medical records.MethodsThis was a retrospective validation study of patients starting CPAP (n=175), LTMV (n=177) or LTOT (n=175) across seven centres 2013–2017. Agreement with medical record data was analysed using differences in means (sd) and proportion (%) of a selection of clinically relevant variables. Variables of interest included for CPAP: apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI), height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score; for LTMV: date of blood gas, arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) (breathing air), weight and diagnosis group; and for LTOT: blood gases breathing air and oxygen, spirometry and main diagnosis.ResultsData on CPAP and LTOT had very high validity across all evaluated variables (all <5% discrepancy). For LTMV, variability was higher against source information forPaCO2(>0.5 kPa in 25.9%), weight (>5 kg in 47.5%) and diagnosis group. Inconsistency was higher for patients starting LTMV acutelyversuselectively (PaCO2difference >0.5 kPa in 36%versus21%, p<0.05, respectively). However, there were no signs of systematic bias (mean differences close to zero) across the evaluated variables.ConclusionValidity of Swedevox data, compared with medical records, was very high for CPAP, LTMV and LTOT. The large sample size and lack of systematic differences support that Swedevox data are valid for healthcare quality assessment and research.
Endoscopic lung volume reduction with endobronchial valves in very lowDLCOpatients: results from the German Registry – Lungenemphysemregister e.V.
Authors: Lenga Pavlina , Ruwwe-Glösenkamp Christoph , Grah Christian , Pfannschmidt Joachim , Rückert Jens , Eggeling Stephan , Gläser Sven , Schmidt Bernd , Schneider Paul , Kurz Sylke , Leschber Gunda , Gebhardt Andreas , Becke Birgit , Schega Olaf , Borchardt Jakob , Hübner Ralf-Harto 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundEndoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) with valves has been suggested to be the key strategy for patients with severe emphysema and concomitant low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO). However, robust evidence is still missing. We therefore aim to compare clinical outcomes in relation toDLCOfor patients treated with ELVR.MethodsWe assessedDLCOat baseline and 3 months follow-up and compared pre- and postprocedural pulmonary function test, quality of life, exercise capacity and adverse events. This is a retrospective subanalysis of prospectively collected data from the German Lung Emphysema Registry.ResultsIn total, 121 patients treated with ELVR were analysed. Thirty-four patients with aDLCO≤20% and 87 patients with aDLCO>20% showed similar baseline characteristics. After ELVR, there was a decrease of residual volume (both p<0.001 to baseline) in both groups, and both demonstrated better quality of life (p<0.01 to baseline). Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) improved significantly only in patients with aDLCO>20% (p<0.001 to baseline). Exercise capacity remained almost unchanged in both groups (p=0.3). The most frequent complication for both groups was a pneumothorax (DLCO≤20%: 17.6%versus DLCO>20%: 16.1%; p=0.728). However, there were no significant differences in other adverse events between both groups.ConclusionsELVR improves lung function as well as quality of life in patients withDLCO>20% andDLCO≤20%. Adverse events did not differ between groups. Therefore, ELVR should be considered as a treatment option, even in patients with a very lowDLCO.
Emphysematous pyelonephritis with air bubble in the inferior vena cava
Authors: Perkins Tiffany A. , Rogman Alberic , Ankem Murali K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) with gas in the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare presentation and to our knowledge, this is the first case report in the urologic literature.

Case presentation
A 35-Year-old obese diabetic Hispanic female presented to the emergency room with a clinical picture of septic shock. Prompt computerized tomography scan revealed EPN with gas throughout the right renal parenchyma and extending to the right renal vein, IVC, and pulmonary artery. She died before surgical intervention

Conclusion
This case demonstrates that patients presenting with severe EPN have a high mortality risk and providers should acknowledge that septic shock, endogenous air emboli, or a combination of both could result in cardiovascular collapse and sudden death.
Course of activities of daily living in nursing home residents with dementia from admission to 36-month follow-up
Authors: Johansen Reidun Haarr , Olsen Karoline , Bergh Sverre , Benth Jūratė Šaltytė , Selbæk Geir , Helvik Anne-Sofie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Dementia is affecting both the person with the disease and the family members. It is associated with nursing home admission, and a reduced ability to perform personal activities of daily living (P-ADL). The aim of this study was to examine the association between the severity of dementia and P-ADL function, and to study if additional factors such as neuropsychiatric symptoms, type of nursing home unit, and use of medication were associated with P-ADL function.

Methods
A total of 582 nursing home residents with dementia, included at admission to the nursing home, were followed with biannual assessments for 36 months. P-ADL was assessed using the Physical Self-Maintenance scale, and severity of dementia was measured with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. In addition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, general physical health, and use of medications were assessed at the same time points. Demographic information was collected at baseline. Linear mixed models were estimated.

Results
There was a significant (p < 0.05) non-linear decline in P-ADL function over time in analysis not adjusting for any characteristics. More severe dementia at baseline and at the follow-up assessments was associated with lower P-ADL function (p < 0.001), with the association being stable over time. A higher level of neuropsychiatric symptoms, not using anti-dementia medication, being in a regular care unit as compared to a special care unit and having poor/fair general physical health as compared to good/excellent, were associated with a lower P-ADL function.

Conclusion
The association between more severe dementia and lower P-ADL function was stable over a 36-month follow-up period of nursing home residents with dementia. Health care planners and clinicians should be aware of this when planning for and treating nursing home residents.
Radiation-induced cavernous malformation after stereotactic radiosurgery for cavernous sinus meningioma: a case report
Authors: Yu Zuan , Huang Bin , Liang Risheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Radiation-induced cavernous malformation (RICM) is a rare sequela of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treatment of intracranial tumors. To date, no study reported on RICM after SRS for meningiomas originating from the skull base. The relationship between locus of initial meningioma and RICM has not been studied.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old woman presented with persistent headaches and blepharoptosis at initial episode. MRI disclosed a right parasellar lesion, diagnosed as a cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM). After receiving a single-fractionated SRS, headache relieved, but blepharoptosis did not significantly improve. Three years and three months later, she returned with headaches and dizziness. MRI showed an enlarged CSM. Moreover, a new mass-like lesion, suspected hemangioma, appeared in the nearby right temporal lobe. After surgical removal of the new lesion and the CSM, the patient’s neurological symptoms significantly improved. Pathology confirmed CSM and temporal RICM.

Conclusions
We report the first rare case of RICM occurring after SRS for CSM. The RICM may be in the same region as the initial tumor. Surgical intervention was preferred for symptomatic RICM and initial meningioma. We recommend long-term regular followup MRIs for patients with meningioma after SRS treatment.
The first evidence for SLFN11 expression as an independent prognostic factor for patients with esophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Kagami Takuma , Yamade Mihoko , Suzuki Takahiro , Uotani Takahiro , Tani Shinya , Hamaya Yasushi , Iwaizumi Moriya , Osawa Satoshi , Sugimoto Ken , Miyajima Hiroaki , Baba Satoshi , Sugimura Haruhiko , Murai Junko , Pommier Yves , Furuta Takahisa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Schlafen 11 (SLFN11) was recently identified as a dominant determinant of sensitivity to DNA-targeting agents including platinum-based drugs. SLFN11 also reportedly enhances cellular radiosensitivity. In this study, we examined the prognostic value of SLFN11 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT), including the platinum derivative nedaplatin.

Methods
Seventy-three patients with ESCC who received dCRT were examined. SLFN11 expression was analyzed in pre-dCRT biopsies using immunohistochemistry and evaluated using a histo-score (H-score). Correlation between the H-score and overall survival was analyzed. An H-score ≥ 51 was provisionally defined as indicating high SLFN11 expression. Viability assays were performed using previously established isogenic human cell lines differentially expressing SLFN11 to test the usefulness of SLFN11 as marker of response to the dCRT regimen.

Results
High SLFN11 expression was independently associated with better prognosis in ESCC patients (hazard ratio = 0.295, 95% CI = 0.143–0.605, p = 0.001 for multivariate analysis). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the prognostic value of high SLFN11 expression was most evident in patients at clinical stages II and III (p = 0.004). In in vitro study, SLFN11-proficient cells were highly sensitive to platinum derivatives compared to SLFN11-deficient cells.

Conclusion
SLFN11 expression is an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients treated with dCRT and a potential biomarker for treatment selection of ESCC. Examination of SLFN11 may be particularly useful for clinical Stage II–III patients who wish to choose dCRT (instead of surgery) to preserve esophageal function.