bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparing the Online Classroom
Authors: Hansen Bethanie L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the fourth section, Preparing, Teaching, and Ending the Course, readers will be guided through all aspects of online teaching chronologically, from preparing the classroom prior to the first day through posting final course grades. The teaching chapter focuses on the community of inquiry and clear teacher presence, and strategies are presented with which to meet the needs of students in diverse circumstances. Special attention is given to routines, efficiency strategies, and tips for working with students in various circumstances. A brief discussion of various learning management systems and organizational strategies is included to guide educators in their work for multiple institutions or in multiple online formats.
Overview
Authors: Kayama Misa , Haight Wendy L. , Ku May-Lee , Cho Minhae , Lee Hee Yun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces a cross-cultural study of the common and culturally nuanced perspectives of experienced educators from Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the U.S. on how they support the development of elementary school–age children exposed to stigmatization associated with disabilities. The authors present a cultural developmental model of disability and stigmatization focusing on children’s emerging cultural selves. They also describe the theoretical perspective guiding their inquiry, developmental cultural psychology, including the concept of universalism without uniformity. Next, the chapter presents the book’s methodological approach, which is cross-cultural and includes the deliberate integration of insider and outsider perspectives on cultural contexts and disability. Finally, the authors provide an overview and roadmap to the book.
Educational Policy and Practice Contexts
Authors: Kayama Misa , Haight Wendy L. , Ku May-Lee , Cho Minhae , Lee Hee Yun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 3 lays the groundwork for understanding how educators incorporate national special education policies into their local, culturally based practices. It examines national disability policies and services in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the U.S. Special education policies in all four nations have been influenced by the contemporary, international trend of inclusive education. Yet the ways in which policymakers and educators have responded to such international initiatives, which reinforce the individual rights of children with disabilities, vary cross-culturally. Such variation partly reflects culturally based differences in how the relative risks of disability labels and the benefits of specialized support are weighted, especially for these children whose functioning is at the border of “typical development” and “having disabilities.”
Neurointerventions and Crime Prevention
Authors: Ryberg Jesper 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter explains what motivates an ethical discussion of the use of neurointerventions as an instrument of crime prevention. Moreover, it critically discusses a number of possible objections to the ethical discussion of the use of neurointerventions on offenders. For instance: Are considerations of neurointerventions unacceptably hypothetical? Do they derail the discussion of what really matters in crime prevention? Finally, it provides an overview of the various topics that are considered in the ensuing chapters.
Neurointerventions and the Lesson from History
Authors: Ryberg Jesper 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter takes its point of departure from the fact that the idea of using neurointervention as an instrument of crime prevention carries a very dark prehistory. However, the history of the use of various types of treatment methods over the last century plays a somewhat unclarified role in the modern neuroethical debate. Some theorists seem almost to believe that the use of neurointerventions constitutes an entire novel ethical issue. Other theorists are much more explicit about the historical precedent but direct attention to how such treatment has previously been administered without devoting much effort to clarify the present relevance of past experiences. Both approaches are unsatisfactory. Thus, the purpose of this chapter is to consider the moral significance of the sordid prehistory of neurointerventions for the present ethical discussion of the use of such treatment in crime preventive.
The Other Format Wars: Cartridges, Cassettes, and Making Home Work
Authors: Hughes Kit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 4 (keyword: time-shifting) outlines industrial users’ contributions to the development of videocassettes before “the” format wars between VHS and Betamax. It argues that the key terms for cassettes were not simply “Whatever. Whenever,” but “Whenever. Whomever. Wherever.” Rather than promise freedom from the broadcast schedule, this triadic promise of flexibility responded to industrial concerns with employee management in an era when the temporal demands on worker time were becoming more complex (whenever), when workforces were becoming more diverse (whomever), and when companies were growing more expansive (wherever). Tracing the pursuit of whenever-whomever-wherever as a management strategy through a series of three case studies—8mm cartridge projectors (1961–1970s), CBS’s EVR (1960–1971), and Sony’s U-matic (1961–1980s)—this chapter also reveals how businesses drew on workers’ pleasurable associations with domestic television and transformed the home into an exhibition site for corporate communications—in both instances, intensifying claims to employees’ nonworking time.
Intimate Eruptions and the Embodied Montage
Authors: Parreñas Shimizu Celine 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter considers when the masters and servants in two films perform multiple roles, in what the author calls the “embodied montage,” where they establish character among their choices of self, and where roles come together or eclipse each other. In a sense, they perform the very process of identity: losing and finding oneself. These gaps in their performances cause “intimate eruptions” that create small openings in the fabric of mastery and servitude. In these films, mastery demands a certain order that both masters and servants do not always adhere to. Behaviors do not necessarily match the expected roles. As a result, physical and psychic eruptions occur at both expected and unexpected sites: through sensory experiences, the deployment of violence by enemies and allies, and the looming threat of madness and suicide as the only way out of patriarchal sadism. Ultimately, what they learn from intimate eruptions is the possibility of new ethical relations.
Parenting Musically and Musical Parenting
Authors: Koops Lisa Huisman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces the ideas that form the theoretical frameworks used in this book. There are two interlocking pairs of concepts. First, parenting musically~musical parenting addresses the intention or goal of parental actions and decisions surrounding their family and music. Second, practical musicking~relational musicking expands Small’s (1998) framework of musicking to consider the primary purpose of the musicking: “practical musicking” is musicking to accomplish a set goal, and “relational musicking” is musicking to develop social and emotional connections. This chapter introduces the eight Cleveland-area families who participated in a year of fieldwork as part of this project and summarizes the research process.
Conscious and Intuitive Parenting With Music at Home
Authors: Koops Lisa Huisman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Within the sphere of the home and car, the families in this study expressed and demonstrated a broad range of parenting musically and musical parenting behaviors, approaches, and perceptions that were marked by varying degrees of intentionality on the part of parents. Some parents very carefully chose to expose their children to a varied listening diet or use music to reset the mood in the home; others were seemingly unaware of the many musical elements in their daily routines until they started discussing specifics during interviews. This chapter argues that by heightening one’s awareness of the musical moments at home and in the car, parents may increase their enjoyment of family musicking and recognize the multifaceted values of it.
Hopes and Dreams
Authors: Koops Lisa Huisman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter presents portraits of the eight families’ hopes and dreams for their children. The general and musical hopes and dreams were often intertwined. The family profiles in this chapter show a wide range of aspirations as well as approaches to reaching those goals, but one unifying thread is the importance of parents, children, and teachers sharing awareness of the family motivations. This chapter argues that clarifying parents’ hopes and dreams for their children’s musicking is essential to finding the right balance of parenting musically and musical parenting; it is also valuable for school music teachers and private lesson teachers to take time to know families’ motivations for participation in music.
Justice and the Excluded, Part 2
Authors: Blake Michael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter engages with arguments provided in defense of a state’s right to exclude. It considers four such arguments. Two of these begin with the consideration of human goods and how they are distributed; arguments from the distribution of territory, and the importance of solidarity, are engaged with here. Two other arguments begin with rights and how these rights might serve to ground the right to exclude. The rights discussed here are the right to property and the right of freedom of association. All of these methods, I argue, have some power, but none places the moral emphasis where it ought to be in the consideration of the right to exclude.
Justice, Jurisdiction, and Migration
Authors: Blake Michael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter introduces the book’s positive account of the right to exclude. It grounds it in the limited and presumptive right to be free from being charged with the defense of another’s basic rights—when those rights are adequately protected in her country of origin. The chapter provides an argument for this jurisdictional ground, while showing that it is consonant with both the structure of international human rights law and consistent with the nature of states as political entities. This ground, moreover, is shown to be incapable of defending the sorts of exclusion found in political practice—which opens up the possibility of using that ground to criticize existing practices. The chapter ends by considering three forms of objection—the objections from expulsion, from reproduction, and from liberty—and shows how the jurisdictional method defended can overcome these concerns.
Migration and Mercy
Authors: Blake Michael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter differentiates between positive and negative forms of mercy, and then applies the virtue of mercy to some aspects of migration policy. It demonstrates that mercy provides a reason to defend migration policies that allow claims of affinity. It can also have a role to play in defending the right to remain for those undocumented migrants who cannot make claims of right to continued residence. It can, finally, also provide some reason to defend the right to spousal unification, by taking the marital relationship not as unique in itself but as a potential site for the operation of the virtue of mercy. The chapter concludes by offering some brief reflections about the future of migration and the continuing relevance of mercy in that future.
Learning on “The Longest Street in the World”
Authors: Moland Naomi A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChapter 2, “Learning on the Longest Street in the World,” explains the history of the international versions of Sesame Street. In the early 1970s, Sesame Workshop began working with local teams around the world to create “co-productions” of Sesame Street that are tailored to local contexts. The international network—which has grown to more than thirty co-productions viewed in over 150 countries—provides a fascinating example of a media program that is both global and local. Chapter 2 also describes how Sesame Square came to Nigeria and discusses the program’s focus on helping northern children, who were believed to be the most susceptible to recruitment by Boko Haram. It describes the details of the Sesame Square project: the goals of the program; the people involved; the steps of the production process; and the episode content. It also includes numerous examples from other Sesame co-productions to compare with Sesame Square.
Imagining the Nigerian Audience
Authors: Moland Naomi A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChapter 3, “Imagining the Nigerian Audience,” describes some Sesame Square creators’ beliefs that their audience—particularly their northern Muslim audience—is intolerant, uneducated, repressive of girls, and “backward.” These imaginings replicated prior discourses in Nigeria (and prior media initiatives) that aimed to “civilize” and “modernize” people. Creators faced a fundamental conundrum of multicultural education: How can educators respect cultural differences while simultaneously trying to change the attitudes and behaviors of their target audiences? It was more difficult for creators to maintain positive views of their target audience when they had evidence that northerners do indeed have lower education levels, and some northerners are waging a violent insurgency. This chapter explores whether it is possible to be culturally sensitive without “othering” a target audience. It supports the first overarching argument of the book—that multicultural education and efforts to be “culturally sensitive” can ironically end up reproducing stereotypes.
Conclusion
Authors: Moland Naomi A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChapter 7, “Conclusion: Multiculturalism in a Multicultural World,” discusses the implications of the book’s findings for our understandings of multiculturalism, nation-building, and counterterrorism in Nigeria and in societies around the world. Nations with risk factors similar to those of Nigeria—such as deep demographic divisions, state fragility, and escalating conflict—may not have the luxury to “celebrate diversity.” As more countries around the world are facing challenges from religious extremism and terrorism, many are questioning the feasibility of multicultural approaches. In nations experiencing ongoing conflict, multicultural educators may need to recalibrate the balance between celebrating diversity and promoting unity, focusing more on commonalities between groups. This chapter explores other approaches that may at least help to mitigate the potential negative outcomes of multicultural education. More broadly, it concludes that peacebuilding approaches—including soft power media and education interventions—must be tailored to the particular contexts in which they are implemented.
Priorities at the Bedside
Authors: Miljeteig Ingrid , Melkie Addisu , Defaye Frehiwot Berhane , Dessie Ermias , Onarheim Kristine Husøy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Out-of-pocket health expenditure is a barrier to accessing basic health care. It imposes major financial burdens, which may drive patients and their families into poverty, which again can aggravate their health conditions. This chapter offers a glimpse into real-life dilemmas and decisions by presenting Ethiopian families’ and health workers’ narratives and experiences of catastrophic health expenditures. The aim is to provide a nuanced understanding of the lived experiences of the people behind the numbers. The chapter draws on material from multiple fieldwork experiences in Ethiopia, from the authors’ experiences as health workers in Ethiopia, and from a national survey of Ethiopian physicians. This material shows how overarching global and national priorities influences families’ and health workers’ allocation decisions. Bringing out the actual dilemmas people face can supplement and inform our understanding of the more theoretical and methodological chapters in this book.
Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Verguet Stéphane , Tolla Mieraf Taddesse , Memirie Solomon Tessema , Jamison Dean T. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Health policies such as public finance of health interventions (e.g., vaccines, drug treatments) entail consequences in multiple domains. Fundamentally, health policies increase the uptake of interventions and hence lead to health benefits. However, in addition, health policies can generate distributional benefits, including, for example, the enhancement of equity (e.g., equalization of health among individuals), and non-health benefits, including, for instance, the prevention of medical impoverishment—or the provision of financial risk protection. This chapter details how the methodology of extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) can be used to evaluate the benefits of public policy in both the health and non-health (e.g., financial protection) domains and their distributional implications, which is of particular usefulness in the context of identifying efficient pathways for universal health coverage and tracking progress towards achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Inequality in Survival
Authors: Jamison Dean T. , Jamison Julian C. , Norheim Ole F. , Verguet Stéphane 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Although inequality in survival is highly correlated with life expectancy, the authors believe that this form of health inequality should be better understood and that inequality in survival could be another useful summary measure of population health. It is also a motivation for assigning priority to the worse-off in priority-setting. Inequality in survival has previously been assessed by standard economic measures of income inequality, such as the Gini coefficient and Atkinson’s index. This chapter characterizes a new measure of inequality that is motivated by the geometry of survival curves rather than the distribution of income. The rectangularity index (r-index) is the fraction of total life expectancy contributed by individuals with above- average life expectancy, where 0 represents perfect equality (i.e., a rectangular survival curve where everyone dies at the same age). Analogously to questions asked in the income literature, the authors sought to determine whether global inequality in survival was increasing or decreasing. Using life tables from the United Nations Population Division, the authors found that inequality in life expectancy between countries and interindividual inequality in survival within most countries were decreasing. However, some countries still experienced high inequality and others even had periods with rising inequality. Overall, substantial reduction in inequality in survival was found within and between countries. The relevance for priority-setting is that while policies to reduce premature mortality will both improve life expectancy and reduce inequality in survival, there remains potential for additional inequality reduction.
The Unfinished Business of Eighteenth-Century European Lexicography
Authors: Considine John 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter reviews the development and publication of dictionaries in Europe in the eighteenth century, covering advances in continental lexicography that had significant influence on the dictionaries that evolved in the nineteenth century and beyond. Dictionaries of Germanic and Romance languages; Latin, Greek, and Hebrew; and other world languages all abounded at the time. The remarkable lexicographical activity of the eighteenth century is evidenced by the vigour, high quality, and proliferation of the more prominent and scholarly dictionaries of the period discussed. The developments which took place at this level had their effect at humbler levels too, Considine argues, as the makers of modest dictionaries abridged, or drew more or less explicitly from, the flagship dictionaries of national and classical languages. But all this activity still left a number of challenges to be addressed by nineteenth-century lexicographers. Considine divides these into three groups: questions of the structure and contents of the dictionary entry; questions of the scope of the dictionary wordlist; and larger questions about the sorts of information which dictionaries should offer. In covering these three types of challenges in the course of his chapter, Considine delves into crucial issues that affected the formation of the dictionary genre and that continue to be discussed in lexicography today.
A Nineteenth-Century Garment Throughout
Authors: Ogilvie Sarah 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Ogilvie discusses how the OED represents a key development in ‘modern’ lexicography based on how it was envisioned, compiled, and executed. The chapter provides background on the state of philology throughout the seventy-year process of compiling the OED, and documents the roles played by some of the primary figures who influenced and shaped the dictionary’s development. The central features characterizing the OED’s production, Ogilvie argues, were the editors’ application of historical principles to each entry; the favouring of descriptive over prescriptive methods; the attempt to provide thorough coverage of the English lexicon; and the use of collaborative compilation practices. Ogilvie also places the OED into the context of comparative philology and lexicography, and considers the intersection of nationalism, national identity, and the codification of the English language.
The Invention of the Modern Dictionary
Authors: Sokolowski Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sokolowski details the revision process that shaped the development of Webster’s American Dictionary of the English Language (1828), the foundation of a nearly uninterrupted chain of dictionaries over almost two centuries. He discusses the role of collaboration, lexicographical scholarship, and the commercial considerations involved in the various updates to the dictionary, as well as the ‘War of the Dictionaries’, which forced Webster’s (under the purview of the Merriams) to evolve in order to conquer the market. The revisions following Webster’s death—and the innovations that accompanied them, which include many of the elements that distinguish today’s dictionaries from their pre-1864 forebears—have kept the name of Noah Webster associated with dictionaries to this day, while subverting the very notion of individual authorship for such a significant work of intellectual labour.
Lexicography of the Entrenched Empire
Authors: Saarela Mårten Söderblom 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lexicography in China under the rule of the Manchu Qing dynasty (1644–1911) was intimately tied up with empire. The Qing Empire was plurilingual; with the support of the Chinese elite, dominated by scholar-officials from the lower Yangtze region, the Manchu khans ruled as Confucian emperors, at the same time safeguarding a place for their own language in the polity. In this context, the bilingual elite undertook various lexicographical projects aspiring to greater integration of the empire’s main languages: Manchu and Chinese. Within this context, Mårten Söderblom Saarela addresses Banihûn’s and Pu-gong’s Qing-Han wenhai (Manchu–Chinese Literary Ocean), a reworking of an eighteenth-century poetic Chinese dictionary. He compares this bilingual project to an unfinished Chinese–French dictionary inspired by the same source. At a time of linguistic and social change in China, Banihûn and Pu-gong aspired to further integrate the empire’s two literary languages and thereby to provide a resource for lettered bannermen such as themselves and to maintain what they knew to be the fragile equilibrium of relations between these languages.