bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in Association of Prescription Opioid Use and Mortality: A Propensity-Matched Analysis from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Prospective Cohort
Authors: Khodneva Yulia , Richman Joshua , Kertesz Stefan , Safford Monika M. 
Published: December 2019

Background Prescription opioids (PO) have been widely used for chronic non-cancer pain, with commensurate concerns for overdose. The long-term effect of these medications on non-overdose mortality in the general population remains poorly understood. This study's objective was to examine the association of prescription opioid use and mortality in a large cohort, accounting for gender differences and concurrent benzodiazepine use, and using propensity score matching. Methods 29,025 US community-dwellers were enrolled in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort between 2003 and 2007, and followed through December 31, 2012. At baseline there were 1907 participants with PO; 1864 of them were matched to participants without PO, based on the model-derived propensity to receive opioid prescriptions. Causes of death were expert-adjudicated. Results Over median follow-up of 6 years there were 4428 deaths (413 among persons with PO). The risk for all-cause mortality was 12% higher, in absolute terms, for persons with PO compared to those without PO in the overall sample, with gender differences (interaction p = .0008). The risk of death was increased for women with PO (hazard ratio [HR] 1.21 [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.04–1.40]), but not men (HR 0.92 [95% CI 0.77–1.10]). Women with PO were at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) death (HR 1.43 [95% CI 1.12–1.84]), sudden death (HR 2.02 [95% CI 1.29–3.15]) (a subset of CVD death), and accidents (HR 2.18 [95% CI 1.03–4.60]). These risks were not observed for men with PO. Conclusion Over 6 years of follow-up, women but not men who had opioid prescriptions were at higher risk of all-cause mortality, CVD death, sudden death, and accidents. Special caution in prescribing opioids for women may be warranted until these findings are confirmed.
In vitro thermal adaptation of mesophilic Acetobacter pasteurianus NBRC 3283 generates thermotolerant strains with evolutionary trade-offs
Authors: Matsumoto Nami , Matsutani Minenosuke , Azuma Yoshinao , Kataoka Naoya , Yakushi Toshiharu , Matsushita Kazunobu 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Thermotolerant strains are critical for low-cost high temperature fermentation. In this study, we carried out the thermal adaptation of A. pasteurianus IFO 3283–32 under acetic acid fermentation conditions using an experimental evolution approach from 37ºC to 40ºC. The adapted strain exhibited an increased growth and acetic acid fermentation ability at high temperatures, however, with the trade-off response of the opposite phenotype at low temperatures. Genome analysis followed by PCR sequencing showed that the most adapted strain had 11 mutations, a single 64-kb large deletion, and a single plasmid loss. Comparative phenotypic analysis showed that at least the large deletion (containing many ribosomal RNAs and tRNAs genes) and a mutation of DNA polymerase (one of the 11 mutations) critically contributed to this thermotolerance. The relationship between the phenotypic changes and the gene mutations are discussed, comparing with another thermally adapted A. pasteurianus strains obtained previously.
EURAMET-T.K9.1 bilateral comparison of ITS-90 SPRT calibration from the Hg TP to Zn FP
Authors: Olsen Åge Andreas Falnes , Opel Karsten , Tammik Kristjan 
Published: December 2019

Justervesenet (JV, Norway) and Metrosert (Estonia) agreed in 2016 to conduct a bilateral comparison of SPRT calibrations for the fixed points from the triple point of Hg to the freezing point of Zn, with the exception of the freezing point of In which Metrosert could not realise. The aim of the comparison was to link Metrosert to the CCT-K9 via the EURAMET-T.K9. JV was the linking laboratory to the EURAMET-T.K9 and the pilot. An SPRT was first calibrated at Metrosert, shipped to JV and calibrated there, and finally returned to Metrosert for a second calibration. The measurements were carried out and completed in 2017.
The results show that the laboratories involved are in agreement. At the triple point of Hg and the melting point of Ga the results are consistent and agree at all three reported measurements. At the freezing points of Sn and Zn Metrosert observes some change in W-values, although the difference is smaller than the reported uncertainty. The difference may suggest some drift either in the circulating probe or in the reference equipment at Metrosert, and this discrepancy increased the uncertainty in the degree of equivalence somewhat.
The resistance of the probe was measured at the triple point of water after every fixed point, and prior to and after annealing upon reception at the laboratories. In general the resistance values are stable, but may suggest some drift between the first measurements at Metrosert and the measurements at JV.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Supplementary comparison EURAMET.AUV.A-S2
Authors: Rodrigues Dominique , Rosenkranz Peter , Barrera-Figueroa Salvador , Guglielmone Claudio , Soares Zemar M Defilippo , Kling Christoph 
Published: December 2019

The Supplementary comparison EURAMET.AUV.A-S2 has been carried out under the auspices of the Consultative Committee on Acoustics, Ultrasound and Vibration (CCAUV) of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). This comparison is concerned with secondary free-field methods of microphone calibration, particularly the methods described in the International Standard IEC 61094-8 (2012). The participating NMI's are BEV (Austria), DFM (Denmark), INMETRO (Brazil), INRiM (Italy), LNE (France), NPL (UK) and PTB (Germany). The role of Pilot laboratory was undertaken by LNE (France). The measurements took place between February 2014 and June 2016. Two WS2 microphones were circulated. This report includes the measurement results from the participants, information about their calibration methods, and the analysis leading to the assignation of equivalence degrees.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCAUV, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Four-station laser tracer-based geometric error measurement of rotary table
Authors: Zha Jun , Li Linhui , Han Lin , Chen Yaolong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The geometric errors of numerical control (NC) rotary tables can be measured using a single instrument according to the conventional measurement method. This study presents an efficient method for this measurement using four-station laser tracers. A 3D coordinate measurement algorithm of the four-station laser tracer was established, the self-calibration of the laser tracer position and the spatial measuring point algorithm was realized, and the volumetric error of the measuring point on the rotary table was obtained. Then, the geometric errors of the NC rotary table were modeled using the screw theory, and a three-point measurement method was proposed to realize the separation of these geometric errors. Using the geometric error measurement experiment, six geometric errors of the NC rotary table were obtained. Compared with the conventional standard ball and laser interferometer measurement methods, the radial and axial runout results obtained using the laser tracer show differences of 0.08 and 0.07 µm, respectively, and the result of positioning error measurement shows a difference of 2.2 µrad. In addition, the method proposed in this study demonstrates an efficiency improved by five times, under the premise of ensuring the measurement accuracy, which broadens the possibilities for applications of rotation axes’ geometric error measurement in machining centers.
Plasma wakefield accelerator driven coherent spontaneous emission from an energy chirped electron pulse
Authors: Alotaibi B M , Altuijri R , Habib A F , Hala A , Hidding B , Khalil Sh M , McNeil B W J , Traczykowski P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Plasma accelerators (Esary et al 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys.
81 1229) are a potentially important source of high energy, low emittance electron beams with high peak currents generated within a relatively short distance. As such, they may have an important application in the driving of coherent light sources such as the Free Electron Laser (FEL) which operate into the x-ray region (McNeil and Thompson 2010 Nat. Photon.
4 814–21). While novel plasma photocathodes (Hidding et al 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett.
108 035001) may offer orders of magnitude improvement to the normalized emittance and brightness of electron beams compared to Radio Frequency-driven accelerators, a substantial challenge is the energy spread and chirp of beams, which can make FEL operation impossible. In this paper it is shown that such an energy-chirped, ultrahigh brightness electron beam, with dynamically evolving current profile due to ballistic bunching at moderate energies, can generate significant coherent radiation output via the process of Coherent Spontaneous Emission (CSE) (Campbell and McNeil 2012 Proc. FEL2012 (Nara, Japan)). While this CSE is seen to cause some FEL-induced electron bunching at the radiation wavelength, the dynamic evolution of the energy chirped pulse dampens out any high-gain FEL interaction. This work may offer the prospect of a future plasma driven FEL operating in the high-gain Self Amplified CSE mode.
100 years of nuclear isomers—then and now
Authors: Walker Philip , Podolyák Zsolt 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The suggestion that some atomic nuclei would be able to exist in more than one stable or metastable configuration was proposed by Soddy in 1917. Subsequently, the first experimental example of such an isomeric pair was reported by Hahn in 1921, in the form of two metastable states of 234Pa, then known as UZ and UX2. Nowadays, of the 3437 nuclides listed in the most recent NUBASE evaluation, 1318 have at least one metastable excited state with a half-life of 100 ns or longer. The present work reviews historical aspects of nuclear isomers, and the different physical mechanisms that lead to their formation. Selected frontiers of contemporary isomer research are discussed, with an emphasis on remote regions of the nuclear landscape. Some possibilities for the electromagnetic manipulation of isomers are included.
Entropy-SGD: biasing gradient descent into wide valleys*
Authors: Chaudhari Pratik , Choromanska Anna , Soatto Stefano , LeCun Yann , Baldassi Carlo , Borgs Christian , Chayes Jennifer , Sagun Levent , Zecchina Riccardo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a new optimization algorithm called Entropy-SGD for training deep neural networks that is motivated by the local geometry of the energy landscape. Local extrema with low generalization error have a large proportion of almost-zero eigenvalues in the Hessian with very few positive or negative eigenvalues. We leverage upon this observation to construct a local-entropy-based objective function that favors well-generalizable solutions lying in large flat regions of the energy landscape, while avoiding poorly-generalizable solutions located in the sharp valleys. Conceptually, our algorithm resembles two nested loops of SGD where we use Langevin dynamics in the inner loop to compute the gradient of the local entropy before each update of the weights. We show that the new objective has a smoother energy landscape and show improved generalization over SGD using uniform stability, under certain assumptions. Our experiments on convolutional and recurrent networks demonstrate that Entropy-SGD compares favorably to state-of-the-art techniques in terms of generalization error and training time.
Operational and physical characteristics of self-drilling rock bolt
Authors: Zubkov A A , Kutlubaev I M , Samigullin V A , Buzmakov V A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The key factor in the operation safety for the shaft mining is stabilization of the working surface [1]. The time required to install support element is crucial [2, 3]. Surface stabilization can be done three ways: using frame support or rock bolt or their combination [4]. The rock stabilizing method is realized using significant number of design options of rock stabilizer systems [5, 6]. Friction rock bolts with tubular profile have become widespread recently [7 -9]. Its fixation in borehole is based on generation of friction force at contact surface. There are two methods realized: Swellex and Split Set. According to the first method the closed tubular profile (after being freely inserted into borehole) that has working liquid inside forced under the high pressure is used. Under the pressure outside dimension of profile is increased and its forcing against the borehole surface is provided [10]. The second method is based on use of spindle with unclosed tubular profile and outside diameter that exceeds the spindle diameter [11]. When spindle is inserted into borehole it elastically deforms at cross section. By means of that the distributed pressure is provided on contact surface. This operating principle of spindle and borehole interaction determined name of the support as self-installing rock bolt (SARB). Usage of SARB is preferable for building temporary support because of smaller time expenditure on installation.
Features of chromatographic separation on heteropaternal sorbents
Authors: Bogoslovskii S Y , Ivankin A N , Boldyrev V S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The possibility of using a short 20x4 mm chromatographic column with a heterosurface sorbent for direct determination of theophylline and caffeine in blood plasma and a 120x4 mm column for determination of tetracycline antibiotics in cow’s milk was studied. Complete separation of tetracycline peaks was not achieved. Determination of caffeine and theophylline was performed successfully in plasma filtrates without long and time-consuming stages of preliminary preparation of the sample without protein deposition. Before backwashing, unfiltered blood plasma can be injected in an amount equivalent to 50 mg of dry matter. Retention characteristics of caffeine and theophylline are practically stable: the retention factor of theophylline for k = 4,0 + 0,1 for caffeine k = 8,5 + 0,4 eluent in composition of 0.02 M sodium hydrogen phosphate (pH = 6,0) – acetonitrile (90:10).
Low-cycle fatigue life prediction of a variable thickness disk
Authors: Veretimus D K , Veretimus N K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The turbomachines are characterized by complex geometry of the main parts and extreme operation conditions. The review of the testing results indicates that in most cases the failure of turbine disks and blades is caused by low- and high-cycle fatigue. We included the experimental dependences of the material properties of temperature, time and number of loading cycles in the fatigue life calculation. This enabled us to observe the kinetics of the part stress-strain state which is present even under constant external load. The observed increase of strain (decrease of stress) at the constant external load indicates the process of cyclic damage accumulation in the disk material. The plastic strains determine the damage fields (distribution of damage in the part material) which in turn allow predicting the area of initiation and probable growth direction of a fatigue crack in a part. We chose a material damage model, and numerically calculated the damage field by taking into account the change of the part stress-strain state with the number of cycles. The damage fields allow determining the point life (time or number of cycles to failure since the moment when a crack passes through a given point), the number of cycles before crack initiation, number of cycles to failure with a crack, crack propagation speed in the damaged and not damaged material. Finally, we determined the permissible number of cycles, time to failure and crack length with a given safety factor. The numerical investigations of the cyclic failure of machine parts should be conducted taking into account the kinetics of the accumulated damage fields.
Synthesis of highly dispersed calcium carbonate at excessive pressure of carbon dioxide
Authors: Bogoslovskii S Yu , Mechandin A G , Boldyrev V S , Kovalenko A S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the paper was to find out how the conditions for the synthesis of calcium carbonate, having the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2489355, affect the average particle size and their size distribution. The process was carried out in a transparent 1 liter plastic reactor; the excess pressure of carbon monoxide (IV) was quickly created and sharply dropped in no longer than 90 seconds at a temperature of 25ºC and in no longer than 6 minutes at 6ºC. The obtained highly dispersed carbonate was studied microscopically, and a histogram of the particle size distribution was constructed. The optimum process time at room temperature is 60 seconds. The resulting product is characterized by a narrow particle size distribution with a maximum of about 2.5 µm. The particle size reduction occurs when either the reaction time or the temperature decreases. Aggregate stability of the suspension depends on the molar ratios of calcium hydroxide and carbon monoxide (IV). The activation energy of the reaction is 59 kJ / mol.
The electromagnetic field distribution in the 1D layered quasiperiodic dispersive media
Authors: Gorelik Vladimir , Bi Dongxue , Klimova Natalia , Pichkurenko Svetlana , Filatov Vladimir 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the paper, we analyze the layer-by-layer electromagnetic field distribution in a quasiperiodic dispersive aluminum photonic crystal film. We propose the new way to calculate such structures without the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical computing agreed with both the experimental spectrum and the FDTD simulation. Also, we found the first pore electromagnetic pumping at the photonic bandgap edge which is useful for the various fundamental and engineering applications.
A study of hemodynamics and the structure of capillary blood flow using the method of laser speckle contrast analysis LASCA
Authors: Nebritova O A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The LASCA method can be applied to the study of microcirculation of superficial microvessels. A chicken embryo of the 5th - 7th day of incubation was used as a model of the vascular system. The effect of laser occlusion of a vessel on blood microcirculation in the vascular system was studied. Using the LASCA method, we can conclude about the presence or absence of the blood flow in the vascular system. The contrast value C, calculated by the method, shows the blood redistribution in the vascular system before and after occlusion.
Development of educational video materials collection as a part of special conditions for hearing impaired students while studying chemistry at technical university
Authors: Gurov A A , Oreshkina O A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BMSTU trains hearing impaired persons as engineers on inclusive programs. The subjects of the inclusive educational process are students with hearing impairment of varying severity. The key need of this contingent of students is the content accessibility of educational resources in the disciplines of fundamental engineering, including chemistry. BMSTU solves the problem of accessibility of such disciplines as chemistry for hearing impaired students through creation of special educational conditions during study, taking into account individual characteristics of restricted information perception, restricted life activities and degree of their severity in students. Special conditions form a special accessible multimodal educational environment learning process in chemistry for students with hearing impairments. An element of forming such an environment was the development of a collection of educational multimedia video materials on the chemistry course topics. Involving deaf and hard-of-hearing students themselves in development of demonstration experiments as part of the educational process in chemistry and creation of a complex of video materials are important cognitive and social factors that increase their motivation to study chemistry.
Modern X-ray refraction optics in the course of physics of Technical University
Authors: Smirnov E V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The review of modern achievements in X-ray optics taking into account the refraction of X-rays in the matter is given. The complete external reflection of X-ray radiation from the substance allowing creating mirrors for X-ray radiation is considered. Much attention is paid to the practical use of the whispering gallery effect for X-ray radiation. An analysis of the focusing and collimation of X-ray beams by refractive lenses is given. The urgent need to include this material in the course of physics, as well as in courses on X-ray optics at Technical Universities of Russia, is noted.
Relativistic positrons dynamics in the electrostatic field of perfect periodic positively charged structures
Authors: Gorev V V , Strekalov D E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the channeling effect is considered, which consists in the ability of charged particles to penetrate relatively large distances into the interior of the crystal, in which particles move in the interplanar space and are affected by an electrostatic field created by ions of the crystal lattice. Interest in this effect arises due to the fact that channeling is accompanied by directed electromagnetic radiation. This was facilitated, on the one hand, by the versatility and complexity of the problem from a theoretical point of view and, on the other hand, by the practical possibility of using such radiation, the parameters of which can vary in a wide range by changing the parameters of the crystal structure in many fields of science and technology. In the work, the electrostatic field inside an arbitrary periodic structure is considered and a mathematical model is constructed that describes the main characteristics of the field in the ellipsoidal approximation: the scalar potential of the electric field and its intensity. The paper also provides all the necessary mathematical relationships.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in Ruby
Authors: Alimkina I S , Filatov V V , Gorelik V S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the authors show new results on the electromagnetically induced transparency in ruby. At the powerful laser excitation, the authors observed the room-temperature Bose-Einstein polaritonic condensation, the ruby optical over-transparency and the traces of hidden photonic states. The results are crucial to the paraphoton lasing.