bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimum dose rate estimation for pulsed FLASH radiotherapy: A dimensional analysis
Authors: Zhou Sumin , Zheng Dandan , Fan Qiyong , Yan Ying , Wang Shuo , Lei Yu , Besemer Abigail , Zhou Christina , Enke Charles 
Published: April 2020

Purpose/objectivesTo provide an order of magnitude estimate of the minimum dose rate () required by pulsed ultra‐high dose rate radiotherapy (FLASH RT) using dimensional analysis.Materials/methodsIn this study, we postulate that radiation‐induced transient hypoxia inside normal tissue cells during FLASH RT results in better normal tissue sparing over conventional dose rate radiotherapy. We divide the process of cell irradiation by an ultra‐short radiation pulse into three sequential phases: (a) The radiation pulse interacts with the normal tissue cells and produces radiation‐induced species. (b) The radiation‐induced species react with oxygen molecules and reduce the cell environmental oxygen concentration (). (c) Oxygen molecules, from nearest capillaries, diffuse slowly back into the resulted low regions. By balancing the radiation‐induced oxygen depletion in phase II and diffusion‐resulted replenishment in phase III, we can estimate the maximum allowed pulse repetition interval to produce a pulse‐to‐pulse superimposed reduction against the baseline . If we impose a threshold in radiosensitivity reduction to achieve clinically observable radiotherapy oxygen effect and combine the processes mentioned above, we could estimate the required for pulsed FLASH RT through dimensional analysis.ResultsThe estimated required for pulsed FLASH RT is proportional to the product of the oxygen diffusion coefficient and inside the cell, and inversely proportional to the product of the square of the oxygen diffusion distance and the drop of intracellular per unit radiation dose. Under typical conditions, our estimation matches the order of magnitude with the dose rates observed in the recent FLASH RT experiments.ConclusionsThe introduced in this paper can be useful when designing a FLASH RT system. Additionally, our analysis of the chemical and physical processes may provide some insights into the FLASH RT mechanism.
Is laterality of congenital diaphragmatic hernia a reliable prognostic factor? French national cohort study
Authors: Pinton Anne , Boubnova Julia , Becmeur François , Kuhn Pierre , Senat Marie‐Victoire , Stirnemann Julien , Capelle Marianne , Rosenblatt Jonathan , Massardier Jérôme , Vaast Pascal , Le Bouar Gwenaelle , Desrumaux Amélie , Connant Laure , Begue Laetitia , Parmentier Benoit , Perrotin Franck , Diguet Alain , Benoist Guillaume , Muszynski Charles , Scalabre Aurélien , Winer Norbert , Michel Jean‐Luc , Casagrandre‐Magne Florence , Jouannic Jean‐Marie , Gallot Denis , Coste Mazeau Perrine , Sapin Emmanuel , Maatouk Alexis , Saliou Anne‐Hélène , Sentilhes Loïc , Biquard Florence , Mottet Nicolas , Favre Romain , Benachi Alexandra , Sananès Nicolas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess whether the laterality of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) was a prognostic factor for neonatal survival.MethodsThis was a cohort study using the French national database of the Reference Center for Diaphragmatic Hernias. The principal endpoint was survival after hospitalization in intensive care.We made a comparative study between right CDH and left CDH by univariate and multivariate analysis. Terminations and stillbirths were excluded from analyses of neonatal outcomes.ResultsA total of 506 CDH were included with 67 (13%) right CDH and 439 left CDH (87%). Rate of survival was 49% for right CDH and 74% for left CDH (P < .01). Multivariate analysis showed two factors significantly associated with mortality: thoracic herniation of liver (OR 2.27; IC 95% [1.07‐4.76]; P = .03) and lung‐to‐head‐ratio over under expected (OR 2.99; IC 95% [1.41‐6.36]; P < .01). Side of CDH was not significantly associated with mortality (OR 1.87; IC 95% [0.61‐5.51], P = .26).ConclusionRate of right CDH mortality is more important than left CDH. Nevertheless after adjusting for lung‐to‐head‐ratio and thoracic herniation of liver, right CDH does not have a higher risk of mortality than left CDH.
Spray printed conjugated polymer on tissue paper for highly sensitive pressure sensors
Authors: Zhao Xin‐Hua , Liang Xiaoguang , Sun Qi‐Jun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors are attracting global research interest because of their potential applications in wearable health monitoring, e‐skin and artificial intelligence. However, a multiple‐step fabrication process and sophisticated template are usually required in the construction of pressure sensing devices, which is time‐consuming and greatly increases the fabrication cost. It is highly desirable to achieve high‐performance pressure sensor devices via a simple and cost‐efficient fabrication process. Here, a flexible pressure sensor is realized by employing spray printed conductive conjugated polymer on tissue paper as the active layer. The pressure sensor shows a high pressure sensitivity of 3.3 kPa−1 in a broad detection range from 10 Pa to 10 kPa, a response time of 20 ms and a relaxation time of 30 ms. Additionally, the devices exhibit an excellent durability over 6000 loading/unloading cycles, demonstrating their great potential application in practice. With the merits of the excellent device performance of our pressure sensors, applications in wrist pulse monitoring and voice recognition are successfully demonstrated. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Fabrication of sulfoxaflor‐loaded natural polysaccharide floating hydrogel microspheres against Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) in rice fields
Authors: Yang Liupeng , Wang Shiying , Ma Qianli , Song Zixia , Hou Ruiquan , Huang Suqing , Cheng Dongmei , Zhang Zhixiang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNilaparvata lugens (Stal) nymphs and adults aggregate and feed on leaf sheaths at the base of rice plants. It is difficult to apply traditional spray treatments directly onto the plant stems due to the blocking agent produced by leaves. Further, spiders and mirids, the natural enemies of N. lugens (Stal), are directly exposed to the chemicals during spraying. Sulfoxaflor‐loaded natural polysaccharide microspheres with good performance were developed and tested in rice fields. The absorption, distribution, and dissipation of sulfoxaflor in rice plants, soil, and water were examined.RESULTSSulfoxaflor‐loaded natural polysaccharide microspheres were prepared through physical embedding and ionic crosslinking, using citronellol as an oil phase to provide floatation. The sustained release of sulfoxaflor was achieved through swelling and dissolution, indicating that these structures could effectively control pesticide release. Field experiments showed that these microspheres were able to float in water and gather around the stem of rice plants and that their insecticidal effect was remarkably improved compared to that achieved using the suspension concentrate. Results also showed that the residual content of stems following treatment with sulfoxaflor‐loaded natural polysaccharide microspheres reached 0.331 mg kg–1, but was reduced in other parts of the plant.CONCLUSIONIn the present study, sulfoxaflor‐loaded natural polysaccharide microspheres with optimized properties were successfully prepared. These microspheres produced a better control effect on N. lugens (Stal) compared to the use of the sulfoxaflor suspension concentrate. Their application may help promote the scientific control of target pests in rice fields. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of benzothiazole on survival for reduced reproduction and development in Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Cui Kaidi , He Leiming , Zhang Zhengqun , Zhang Lingyan , Mu Wei , Liu Feng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is an important stored‐product pest that is distributed worldwide and has developed resistance to many insecticides. Identifying novel and effective alternative insecticides is important for the control of T. castaneum. The volatile compound benzothiazole has been identified as having great acute toxic activity against T. castaneum. However, a comprehensive evaluation of a new insecticide should include both direct toxic effects and sublethal effects. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of benzothiazole on the development and reproduction of T. castaneum.RESULTSExposure of fourth‐instar larvae to lethal and sublethal concentrations of benzothiazole (LC10, LC30 and LC50) significantly decreased pupation rates, food intake and growth rates in T. castaneum. Larval duration was significantly reduced by approximately 1 day in the LC30 and LC50 treatment groups. The LC50 benzothiazole caused a significant decrease in the weight of pupae and adults, fecundity and egg hatchability. Increased and decreased nutrient (carbohydrate and lipid) contents were observed in surviving larvae and pupae, respectively. The LC30 and LC50 treatments caused the down‐regulation of five growth‐positive regulated genes (PI3K, AKT, CyclinE, S6K1 and S6K2) and the up‐regulation of two growth‐negative regulated genes (4EBP and FOXO).CONCLUSIONBenzothiazole presented adverse effects on the development and reproduction of T. castaneum, further supporting benzothiazole as a highly active compound in stored‐product protection. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Risk analysis of human error in interaction design by using a hybrid approach based on FMEA, SHERPA, and fuzzy TOPSIS
Authors: Li Yongfeng , Zhu Liping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUser experience is the focus of interaction design, and designing for errors is crucial for improving user experience. One method of designing for errors is to identify human errors and then initiate corrective actions on high‐risk errors to reduce their adverse effects. In this study, we proposed a hybrid approach for risk analysis of human error concerning user experience of interactive systems. In this approach, systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA) is first adopted to identify human error concerning user experience. Subsequently, failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is used to analyze the risk factors of the error, including occurrence, severity, and detection. Fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is then used to calculate the risk priority number to rank the errors. Finally, corrective actions for high‐risk errors are recommended. An in‐vehicle information system was used to demonstrate the proposed approach. The results indicated that the proposed approach can effectively analyze the risk of human error concerning user experience and be used as a universal reliability approach for improving user experience in interaction design.
An efficient radix trie‐based semantic visual indexing model for large‐scale image retrieval in cloud environment
Authors: Krishnaraj N. , Elhoseny Mohamed , Lydia E. Laxmi , Shankar K. , ALDabbas Omar 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn recent years, massive growth in the number of images on the web has raised the requirement of developing an effective indexing model to search digital images from a large‐scale database. Though cloud service offers effective indexing of compressed images, it remains a major issue due to the semantic gap between the user query and diverse semantics of large‐scale database. This article presents a radix trie indexing (RTI) model based on semantic visual indexing for retrieving the images from cloud platforms. Initially, an interactive optimization model is applied to identify the joint semantic and visual descriptor space. Next, an RTI model is applied to integrate the semantic visual joint space model for finding an effective solution for searching large‐scale sized dataset. Finally, a Spark distributed model is applied for deploying the online image retrieval service. The performance of the proposed method is validated on two standard dataset, namely, Holidays 1 M and Oxford 5 K in terms of mean average precision (mAP) and processing time under varying dataset sizes. During experimentation, the presented RTI model shows the maximum mAP value of 0.83 under the dataset size of 1000. Similarly, under the sample count of 1000, it is noted that the standalone server requires a maximum of 118 minutes to complete the process, whereas the spark cluster requires a minimum of around only 19 minutes to finish the process. The experimental outcome showed improvement in terms of various measures over the best rivals in the literature.
Stocked‐Fish Introgression into Wild Brook Trout Populations Depends on Habitat
Authors: Bruce Spencer A. , Kutsumi Yuka , Van Maaren Chris , Hare Matthew P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe genetic constitution of populations is affected by myriad factors, including both natural and anthropogenic habitat transformations. Previous work on the population structure of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis has suggested that supplemental stocking for fishery enhancement has transformed natural genetic diversity. We utilized microsatellite analysis of 11 loci to examine the genetic structure of over 950 Brook Trout sampled across 50 locations, including hatcheries; holding ponds; wild, unstocked waters; and repeatedly stocked waterbodies across Adirondack lakes and ponds in New York State, USA. From these data, we estimated the degree of introgressive hybridization, tested for associations with landscape and stocking variables, and tested predicted patterns of genetic diversity, effective population size, and genetic population structure. Widespread repeated stocking of a single hybrid strain has led to the dramatic genetic homogenization of Brook Trout across the sampled lakes and ponds. Model selection indicated that environmental factors were more important than stocking intensity for determining the extent of stocked‐fish introgression, and certain environmental circumstances may make some populations relatively resilient to repeated stocking activities. Known, protected heritage strains were confirmed as mostly unadmixed, but holding ponds with heritage brood populations used for supplemental stocking had become differentiated from the natal strains in two of the three cases tested. In addition to the importance of these results for understanding the effects of stocking activities on the genetic integrity of Brook Trout populations, our findings illustrate how current genetic techniques can aid in the development of management practices that are related to the conservation of species supporting economically important freshwater fisheries.
Balancing Waterfowl Hunting Opportunity and Quality to Recruit, Retain, and Reactivate
Authors: Schummer Michael L. , Simpson John , Davis J. Brian , Shirkey Brendan , Wallen Kenneth E. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTWaterfowl hunter numbers and waterfowl populations were closely correlated until the past 2 decades when hunter numbers declined despite near‐record breeding population estimates for ducks in North America. As a result, efforts to recruit, retain, and reactivate (R3) waterfowl hunters have been promoted by the North American Waterfowl Management Plan community because hunters are a key source of funding for wetland‐wildlife habitat conservation and management. Increasing access and opportunity for hunting appears to be the primary R3 strategy in North America. We suggest that hunt quality is an equal, if not more important, facet of waterfowl hunter R3 that is substantially overlooked and undervalued by current R3 initiatives. We contend that providing abundant access and opportunity to hunt waterfowl alone, especially if it jeopardizes hunting quality, is inadequate. We urge the R3 community to integrate principles and methods used within the human dimensions field to focus on the relationships between quality, motivation, and satisfaction across various audiences and market segments. Such an approach will help R3 initiatives establish an empirical evidence base to develop strategies specifically focused on identifying key hunt quality or opportunity factors. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Development and deployment of KASP markers for multiple alleles of Lr34 in wheat
Authors: Fang Tilin , Lei Lei , Li Genqiao , Powers Carol , Hunger Robert M. , Carver Brett F. , Yan Liuling 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Key message
Heterogeneous Lr34 genes for leaf rust in winter wheat cultivar ‘Duster’ and KASP markers for allelic variation in exon 11 and exon 22 of Lr34.

Abstract
Wheat, Triticum aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD), is a hexaploid species, and each of three homoeologous genomes A, B, and D should have one copy for a gene in its ancestral form if the gene has no duplication. Previously reported leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 has one copy on the short arm of chromosome 7D in hexaploid wheat, and allelic variation in Lr34 is in intron 4, exon 11, exon 12, or exon 22. In this study, we discovered that Oklahoma hard red winter wheat cultivar ‘Duster’ (PI 644,016) has two copies of the Lr34 gene, the resistance allele Lr34a and the susceptibility allele Lr34b. Both Lr34a and Lr34b were mapped in the same linkage group on chromosome 7D in a doubled-haploid population generated from a cross between Duster and a winter wheat cultivar ‘Billings’ which carries the susceptibility allele Lr34c. A chromosomal fragment including Lr34 and at least two neighboring genes on its proximal side but excluding genes on its distal side was duplicated in Duster. The Duster Lr34ab allele was associated with tip necrosis and increased resistance against leaf rust at adult plants in the Duster × Billings DH population tested in the field, demonstrating the function of the Duster Lr34ab allele in wheat. We have developed KASP markers for allelic variation in exon 11 and exon 22 of Lr34 in wheat. These markers can be utilized to accelerate the selection of Lr34 in wheat.
Painful and non-painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors: results from the population-based PROFILES registry
Authors: Bonhof C. S. , Trompetter H. R. , Vreugdenhil G. , van de Poll-Franse L. V. , Mols F. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to (1) examine the prevalence of painful versus non-painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) among long-term colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors, (2) identify sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors associated with painful and non-painful CIPN, and (3) examine the associations of painful CIPN with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in comparison with non-painful CIPN, i.e., numbness/tingling.

Methods
All CRC survivors diagnosed between 2000 and 2009 as registered by the population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry (Eindhoven region) were eligible for participation. Chemotherapy-treated survivors (n = 477) completed questions on CIPN (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20) and HRQoL (EORTC QLQ-C30).

Results
Painful CIPN was reported by 9% (n = 45) of survivors and non-painful CIPN was reported by 22% (n = 103). Time since diagnosis was related to painful CIPN, and time since diagnosis, a higher disease stage, osteoarthritis, and more anxiety symptoms were related to non-painful CIPN. Finally, survivors with painful CIPN reported a worse global quality of life and worse physical, role, cognitive, and social functioning compared to survivors with non-painful CIPN and those without any sensory CIPN. No differences were found between survivors with non-painful CIPN and those without sensory CIPN.

Conclusions
It seems that painful CIPN must be distinguished from non-painful CIPN, as only painful CIPN was related to a worse HRQoL. Future research is needed to examine whether painful CIPN must be distinguished from non-painful CIPN regarding predictors, mechanisms, and treatment.
Real-world data of the association between quality of life using the EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 Level utility value and adverse events for outpatient cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Hirose Chiemi , Fujii Hironori , Iihara Hirotoshi , Ishihara Masashi , Nawa-Nishigaki Minako , Kato-Hayashi Hiroko , Ohata Koichi , Sekiya Kumiko , Kitahora Mika , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Okuda Kumiko , Naruse Masayo , Ishihara Takuma , Sugiyama Tadashi , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Suzuki Akio 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Outpatient cancer chemotherapy may lead to improved quality of life (QOL) by allowing treatment to continue without impairing the social lives of patients compared with hospitalization. However, the occurrence of serious adverse events may cause a decline in QOL. We investigated the relationship between outpatient chemotherapy–induced adverse events and QOL.

Methods
A single-center retrospective descriptive study was conducted in patients who received outpatient chemotherapy at Gifu University Hospital (Gifu, Japan) between September 2017 and December 2018. The utility values of QOL, type and severity of adverse events, type of cancer, chemotherapy regimen, and other patient demographics were analyzed. Adverse events were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0. QOL was evaluated using the Japanese version of the EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L). Associations between the EQ-5D-5L utility value and serious adverse events were assessed using adjusted (age and sex) odds ratios obtained with a proportional odds logistic regression model.

Results
Data from 1008 patients who received 4695 chemotherapy cycles were analyzed. According to proportional odds logistic regression, the adverse events that significantly correlated with a decreased EQ-5D-5L utility value were malaise, edema of the limbs, peripheral neuropathy, pruritus, and dry skin. Based on the proportional odds logistic analysis, neither cancer type nor anticancer drugs were significantly correlated with the EQ-5D-5L utility value in patients who received chemotherapy. Pharmaceutical care for peripheral neuropathy significantly improved patients’ EQ-5D-5L utility value from 0.747 to 0.776 (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Adverse events (i.e., peripheral neuropathy, malaise, and edema of the limbs) are significantly correlated with a decrease in QOL, regardless of the type of cancer or anticancer drugs used. Pharmaceutical care provided by pharmacists in collaboration with physicians may improve QOL.
Highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction on carbonized porous conducting polymers
Authors: Lahiri Abhishek , Li Guozhu , Endres Frank 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA rational design of an efficient and inexpensive electrocatalyst for water splitting still remains a challenge. Porous conducting polymers are attractive materials which not only provide a high surface area for electrocatalysis but also absorb light which can be harnessed in photoelectrocatalysis. Here, a novel and inexpensive electrochemical approach is developed to obtain nanoporous conducting copolymers with tunable light absorbance and porosity. By fine-tuning the copolymer composition and upon heat treatment, an excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was achieved in alkaline solution with an overpotential of just 77 mV to obtain a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Such an overpotential is remarkably low compared with other reported values for polymers in an alkaline medium. The nanoporous copolymer developed here shows a great promise of using metal-free electrocatalysts and brings about new avenues for exploitation of these porous conducting polymers.