bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of mathematical morphology and template matching in automatic malaysian car plate number recognition
Authors: Halim S A , Zulkifli M S , Zulkipli M A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Car plate number nowadays is an essential component to be recognized because of the useful of its widely application especially in this technological era. Therefore, a method of detection, extraction and recognition of car plate image are important in order to be applied in various applications. Presently, the existing methods have several problems that lead to this study which are high time consuming for training purposes and requirement of complex steps in preparing the whole car plate recognition process. Therefore, the following objectives are set up that are to implement recognition method using Mathematical Morphology and Template Matching on car image which contain plate number. Next, is to evaluate the accuracy of the method. In implementing this study, 25 images data of car with its plate number are collected and used. Mathematical Morphology is used to detect the edge of each character on the car plate while the Template Matching as a tool to match up the detected and template character in order to recognize the registered car plate number. The accuracy of the method is evaluated using percentage recognition rate. Results show that the performance of the method successfully extracted the car plate number area by 92% of the original image. Then for the other of 23 extracted images, it was 86.95% that successfully recognized the number plate. All of these results create its own novelties which are the ability to reduce processing time and having high detection and recognition rate. In conclusion, the proposed method can be one of the alternatives in car plate recognition process in the meanwhile it can be used widely in digital data transfer such as Automatic Enforcement System (AES), automatic saved car park number in smart parking system and high technological verification application of home security system.
Seismic response of precast and IBS buildings under earthquake attacks
Authors: Hamid N H , Azmi I F , Awang H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Poor performances of precast buildings during earthquakes were due to inadequate connections between the structures components, insufficient seating and anchorage and poor workmanship and quality materials used. It is important to investigate their seismic performance by conducting experimental work, analyzing the data and modelling them using nonlinear time history analysis of the earthquakes. Three types’ structural components of precast structures and Industrialized Building System (IBS) were designed, constructed, tested, analyzed and modelling in this chapter. There structural components are precast shear-key wall panel, beam-column joints and tunnel form building system. All these specimens were tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading. The seismic performance parameters such as lateral strength capacity, stiffness, ductility and equivalent viscous damping were evaluated using the measured hysteresis loops from experimental work. The findings from this research work can be implemented and enforced by government and local authorities to pay special attention to joint detailing of precast structures components while constructing the precast buildings. The design concepts and detailing of the jointing precast structural components contribute significantly to the overall seismic performance of precast buildings under earthquakes excitations. A lot of structural damages occurred during earthquakes due to not using the current seismic code of practice and poor detailing especially at the jointing system.
Empirical modelling of wetting patterns in a controlled drip irrigation system for sandy loam soils
Authors: Rizqi FA , Murtiningrum  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The soil wetting pattern is an important factor to fulfil the adequacy of water requirements in a controlled drip irrigation system. The soil wetting pattern is a parameter that is considered in the installation of irrigation systems and control instruments in the field. This study aimed to developed estimate vertical and horizontal soil wetting in the application of control systems using soil moisture sensor in drip irrigation systems. This research conducted in laboratory experiments with surface drip irrigation involved soil sample from pepper plantation, three discharge rates, and 26 soil moisture sensors. The empirical model provides estimated the soil wetted as a parameter of application time, emitter discharge, soil bulk density, initial soil moisture content, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The development of empirical formulas for predicting wetted radius at different soil depths is carried out by non-linear regression analysis to obtain empirical best-fit coefficients. The empirical model of this study can estimate the full wetting pattern with acceptable accuracy and performs that represent a good performance of a controlled drip irrigation system. The result of performance appraisal validation for the wetted radius and wetted depth on sandy loam soils was assessed based on the lowest mean error was -2.86 and -0.284 cm as well as the highest efficiency model was 0.959 and 0.857 respectively.
Modeling the plantation area of geographical indication product under climate change: Gayo Arabica coffee (coffea arabica)
Authors: Purba P , Sukartiko A C , Ainuri M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The increase in temperature and changes in rainfall patterns over the long term can cause changes in the suitability level of the land to produce Gayo Arabica Coffee as a geographically indicated product in the future. Therefore, this paper aims to: (i) identify bioclimatic elements that affect the suitability of coffee grown areas; and (ii) finding out the impact on the suitability level of coffee grown areas in the Gayo highland. To achieve the research goals, data of bioclimatic elements from the Gayo highland and WorldClim were processed using ArcMap 10.3 and MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy) software to predict the possible effects of climate change on distribution shift of the Gayo Arabica Coffee grown areas. Based on the developed model, the suitability of the coffee grown areas is vulnerable to the effects of climate change in the future, indicated by a decrease in suitable grown-areas. Changes in a distribution shift of grown areas and required adaptation for short- and long-terms are discussed further in this paper.
Shelf life estimation of red dragon fruit jam using accelerated shelf life testing (ASLT) method
Authors: Zaidiyah  , Anwar S H , Ayun S Q , Nasution I S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Red dragon fruit contains high antioxidants and it supposed to react as anti-free radicals and cancer. The aimed of this study was to determine the shelf life of red dragon fruit jam using the Arrhenius model based on Accelerated Shelf Life Test (ASLT). The fruit jam was prepared using pectin as stabilizer and 10 minutes of cooking times. Two parameters, that were the Total Plate Count (TPC) values and the antioxidant activity, were utilized to estimate the shelf life of red dragon fruit jam using the Arrhenius equation. The zero-order kinetic model has been proved to be the most appropriate model to represent the change of TPC values whereas the first order model is best fitted for the change of antioxidant activity. According to the chosen models, the shelf life of red dragon fruit jam during storage at 28°C is estimated to be 99 days.
Influence scope of local loss for pipe flow in plane sudden expansions
Authors: Yao L , Huang X , Fitri A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A pipe with sudden expansions are used in a wide variety of engineering applications such as hydraulic, civil, and nuclear industries. Flow through a pipe with sudden expansion about its head loss becomes local head loss as the boundary changes. The dynamic water pressure for the rapidly varied flow corresponding to the local head loss has remained inconclusive and inaccurate. It is partly due to the complexity of the vortex involved and partly because of limitations of the traditional experiments. Therefore, in this study, the methods based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were employed for the prediction of the influence scope of a plane pipe with sudden expansions. A parametric study is performed for the expansion ratios are 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and in a Reynolds number range of 10 - 100000. On the basis of numerical results, an existing correlation of the influence scope is also extended to take into account the effect of the scale effect additionally. The simulation results show that the influence scope of local head loss is affected greatly by expansion ratio and Reynolds number of the plane pipe, and expansion ratios occurring from the sudden expansions are less sensitive to the Reynolds number. The obtained research results have shown that for the cases when Reynolds number is relatively small (Re < 2000), the recirculation degree (L/D, where L is the length of recirculation zone, D is the diameter of the latter pipe) increases significantly with the increase of the Reynolds number; and for the cases when the Reynolds number is larger (Re > 10000), the recirculation degree changes slowly with the Reynolds number. In general, the length of the influence scope is logarithmically related to the Reynolds number.
Organizational Commitment of Members of The Dairy Farmer Group in Banyumas Regency
Authors: Muatip K , Purwaningsih H , Setianto N A , Sugiarto M , Widiyanti R , Safitri L , Istiqomah W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Most dairy farmers in Banyumas Regency are work in groups because their milk product should be sold in the group to the cooperative. The top-down formation made the members of the dairy farmer group less involved in the motivation to the group. This study aims to analyze the relationship among the long-standing leadership and the motivating ability to the organizational commitment of members of the dairy farmers group in Banyumas Regency. This study used survey methods. The sampling area has been done by purposive sampling method by selecting Pekuncen and Cilongok districts, where a lot of dairy farmers are there. The sample of the group has been determined by the census method as many as 11 groups, 124 farmers. The respondents have been selected by random sampling method, as many as 50% of the total group members or 62 farmers. The data has been analyzed using Spearman’s Rank correlation then performed descriptively. The results showed that the leader of the dairy farmers group had long-standing leadership and they had a good motivating ability. The member had a high organizational commitment to the groups. Eventually, the length of leadership and the motivating ability had a fairly strong relationship with the organizational commitment of group members with correlation coefficients of 0.574 and 0.544.
Treatment of Rabbit Coccidiosis with Combination of Herbal Extract II toward Oocysts Excretion and Hematology Parameters
Authors: Indrasanti D , Indradji M , Yuwono E , Samsi M , Sundari P V , Ichwan M N , Anengseh E S , Hatmadifia M N , Hidayat T N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine oocysts excretion and hematological profile in coccidiosis rabbits given a combination of herbal extract II. Hematological profiles observed were red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), granulocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC). This study used 40 rabbit coccidiosis material with ± 3 months age of ± 650 g weight, a combination of herbal extracts consisting of banana stem extract (BSE), papaya seeds (PSE) and garlic (GE), a set of tools and materials for rabbit maintenance and a set of hematological examination tools. The research method was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The analysis used variance analysis followed by Honest Real Difference (HRD). The combination of herbal extract II consists of BSE: 40 mg; PSE: 20 mg; GE: 40 mg. Rabbits were divided into 8 treatments with 5 replications, namely giving a combination of herbal extracts 0 mg (D0), 10 mg (D1), 20 mg (D2), 40 mg (D3), 80 (D4) mg, 100 mg (D5) and the comparison are used herbal extract I (consist of BSE: 33 mg; PSE: 2 mg; GE: 65 mg) as much as 100 mg (D6) and Aquaprime® (D7). Blood collection is carried out through the heart on the 14th day after treatment. The combination of herbal extract II had a very significant effect on oocysts excretion, but did not have a significant effect on all hematology parameters. Hence, a combination of herbal extracts can be used as an alternative to reduce the number of oocysts in rabbits coccidiosis.
Effect of Supplementation of Combination of Curcuma and BSF Maggot Meal in Rations on Accumulative Weight of Native Chickens
Authors: Toar W L , Rumokoy L J M , Pudjihastuti E , Manangkot H , Bagau B , Untu I M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the combination of curcuma meal with maggot of insect larvae of Hermetia illucens on accumulative weight gain in native chicken. Methods: This study used 60 starter chickens, which were divided into two groups of 30 chickens as control group (P1) and the other one (P2) that received a supplement of combination of curcuma meals of 350gr/100 kg ration and maggot BSF of 150gr/100 kg ration which was maintained for fourth weeks. The ration was distributed ad libitum. Final weight gain was measured at the end of the study at the fourth week. The data obtained were analyzed by using t-test. The results indicated that the average body weight of experimental chicken P2 was 214 gr significantly higher (P <0.01) than in group P1 was 243 gr. This results show that maggot meal of H. illucens has an important nutrient content and has a positive effect when combining with curcuma meal which is able to increase consumption palatability which has a direct effect on local chicken weight gain. Conclusion: The combination between BSF maggot and curcuma meals supplementation could be applied to local chickens in supporting organic livestock production.
Population Performance of Saburai Goat at Saburai Goat Breeding Area, Tanggamus regency, Lampung Province
Authors: Sulastri  , Adhianto K , Dakhlan A , Hamdani M D I , Siswanto  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The survey method was conducted to investigate the population performance of the Saburai goat breeding area in Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province. The population performance was evaluated based on natural increase (NI) and the ability of the region to supply Saburai breeds and based on net replacement rate (NRR). Direct observations were made since the Saburai goat was designated as the Lampung Province’s local genetic resource based on the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 359 / Kpts / PK.040 / 6/2015 until 2018. The result showed that the population of Saburai goat in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were 1,469, 2,369, 2,860, and 3,293 tails, respectively. The average length of use of male and female goats was 4.44 ± 0.20 and 5,033 ± 0.21 years, respectively. The highest needs of replacement stock was in 2018 (5.40% for males and 5.47% for females). The average percentage of births of male kid was 9.72 ± 6.57% and female kid was 19.72, ± 5.18%. The NI value for male goat was 9.25% ± 6.23% and for female goat was 19.13 ± 4.22%. The highest NRR value for male goat occurred in 2015 (1028.21%) and for female goat in 2016 (528.34%). It could be concluded that the population performance of the Saburai goat from 2015 to 2018 was in a good category and was able to provide replacement stock from its own territory.
The Use of Saponification of Animal and Vegetable Oils in The Rations on The Physical Quality of Sheep Meat on Bicepsfemoris Muscles
Authors: Riyanto J , Widyawati S D , Suprayogi W P S , Wati A K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Acceptance and level of preference for sheep meat is influenced by the physical quality of the meat. This study aimed to know the effect of the use of animal oil saponification (lemuru fish oil: LFO) and vegetable oil (palm oil: PO) which was added to the ration on the physical quality of sheep meat. Twelve male local sheep were randomly divided into 3 ration treatments; P0: control ration (40% king grass : 60% concentrate), P1: 40% king grass + 57% concentrated + 3% saponified LFO and P2: 40% grass king + 57% concentrate + 3% saponified PO. Each treatment consisted of 3 replications. The observed variables were physical quality of meat (pH, cooking losses, tenderness, collagen). The data obtained were analyzed by variance analysis and real difference test between treatments. The results showed that the use of LFO and PO was not significant effect (P>0.05) on the physical quality of meat (pH, cooking losses, tenderness, collagen). It can be concluded that the use of animal and vegetable oil saponification cannot improve the physical quality of sheep meat.
The Contribution of Social Capital to the Income and Development of Beef Cattle Farmers
Authors: Solikin N , Hartono B , Fanani Z , Ihsan M N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Developing the livestock sector in Kediri, East Java Province requires an investigation on the social capital of beef cattle farmers to observe the actual condition and the strategies. The research is aimed to describe the social capital that includes the kinship, behaviours, norms and interactions and to analyze the correlation between social capital and economic income of beef cattle farming in Kediri Regency. The study was conducted from January to June 2018, collecting data from a survey and questionnaire. A multistage sampling method was applied to collect 150 farmers in eight sub-districts in Kediri. Data were subject to descriptive analysis. The result showed that the social capital of beef cattle farmers in Kediri is at the medium level as observed from the farmers’ ability to collaborate in achieving group objectives. The average annual income of beef cattle farmers in Kediri was IDR 2.700.000. The result showed a significant correlation (0,426) between the social capital and the income of beef cattle farmers in Kediri. It indicated that the higher the social capital, the higher the income. Some efforts to increase social capitals included a social gathering and farmers upskill through intensive training on technology mastery.
Mineral-Vitamin Combining Versus Herbal Supplementationto Enhance Performance Ongole Crossbred Bull
Authors: Pamungkas D , Firdaus F , Affandhy L , Luthfi M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Excellent performance of bull as sperm producer was needed to maintain and increase the high pregnancy cows rate.The study aimed to determine the effect of mineral-vitamin combining [MVC] and herbs supplementing [HS]on feed intake, feed efficiency, average daily gain[ADG], linear body, semen quality and B/C ratio of OngoleCrossbred bull. Eight animals [aged 3 to 5 years] within initial weight 505.2 ± 70.5 kg were examined. They were grouped in two feed regimes, firstly, the basal diet was given with the inclusion of Vitamin A, E and Zinc-minerals [P1] and secondly, were basal diet plus herbs supplementation [P2]. The basal diet consisted of elephant grass, gliricidia, and commercial concentrates. Feeding was assigned to dry matter[DM] of 3% of body weight [BW] to meet the balance nutrient intake. The experimental which conducted as long as three months, was designed in two treatments and four replicates. Data analysed by using the T-test. There was no significant different between P1 and P2 in the results on feed intake, efficiency, ADG, and linear body. However, the sperm concentration of P1 [1,366.7 ± 768.9 million/ml] was higher[P<0.05] than those of P2 [873,3 ± 488.7 million/ml]. Meanwhile, the sperm viability of P1[90.4 ± 8.5%] was also higher than that of P2 [78.7 ± 16.2%]. Both P1 and P2 were recommended for being usedcommercially [due to requirement of Indonesia National Standard/SNI 4869-1:2017], but the P1 was the efficient one in regards of the B/C ratios.
Characteristics, Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation Products of Rice Bran from Various Varieties of Rice
Authors: Widiyastuti T , Prayitno C H , Munasik  , Rahayu S , Muatip K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rice has much kind of varieties with varied organic ingredients. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of varied organic matter content on digestibility and fermentation products in the rumen. This study used in vitro method, using completely randomized design with 6 varieties of rice bran as treatments (Pandan Wangi, Ketan Putih, IR 64, Aek Sibundong, Ketan Hitam and Umbul). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, continued by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). The objective of the study is to evaluate VFA level, N-NH3, dry matterdigestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD). The results of analysis of variance showed that the rice bran varieties have a High significant effect on the levels of VFA (P < 0.01), but there is no significant effects on N-NH3 level, DMD and OMD. A Highly significant difference is shown by rice Bran of Pandan Wangi varieties with Ketan Putih and Ketan Hitam. Based on the results of the study can be concluded that the rice varieties effect the level of VFA but do not effect the level N-NH3, DMD and OMD. Pandan Wangi has the highest VFA rate.
Choline transporter-like 1 deficiency causes a new type of childhood-onset neurodegeneration
Authors: Fagerberg Christina R , Taylor Adrian , Distelmaier Felix , Schrøder Henrik D , Kibæk Maria , Wieczorek Dagmar , Tarnopolsky Mark , Brady Lauren , Larsen Martin J , Jamra Rami A , Seibt Annette , Hejbøl Eva Kildall , Gade Else , Markovic Ljubo , Klee Dirk , Nagy Peter , Rouse Nicholas , Agarwal Prasoon , Dolinsky Vernon W , Bakovic Marica 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cerebral choline metabolism is crucial for normal brain function, and its homoeostasis depends on carrier-mediated transport. Here, we report on four individuals from three families with neurodegenerative disease and homozygous frameshift mutations (Asp517Metfs*19, Ser126Metfs*8, and Lys90Metfs*18) in the SLC44A1 gene encoding choline transporter-like protein 1. Clinical features included progressive ataxia, tremor, cognitive decline, dysphagia, optic atrophy, dysarthria, as well as urinary and bowel incontinence. Brain MRI demonstrated cerebellar atrophy and leukoencephalopathy. Moreover, low signal intensity in globus pallidus with hyperintensive streaking and low signal intensity in substantia nigra were seen in two individuals. The Asp517Metfs*19 and Ser126Metfs*8 fibroblasts were structurally and functionally indistinguishable. The most prominent ultrastructural changes of the mutant fibroblasts were reduced presence of free ribosomes, the appearance of elongated endoplasmic reticulum and strikingly increased number of mitochondria and small vesicles. When chronically treated with choline, those characteristics disappeared and mutant ultrastructure resembled healthy control cells. Functional analysis revealed diminished choline transport yet the membrane phosphatidylcholine content remained unchanged. As part of the mechanism to preserve choline and phosphatidylcholine, choline transporter deficiency was implicated in impaired membrane homeostasis of other phospholipids. Choline treatments could restore the membrane lipids, repair cellular organelles and protect mutant cells from acute iron overload. In conclusion, we describe a novel childhood-onset neurometabolic disease caused by choline transporter deficiency with autosomal recessive inheritance.