bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Unstable Distal Clavicle Fractures (Neer type IIb): A Modified System using a Miniature Locking Plate with a Single Button
Authors: Ying Hua , Wang Jihuan , Sun Yuehua , Dai Kerong , Yu Chao , Yang Fei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Distal clavicle fractures were common in shoulder injuries. This study described the novel fixation technique using a miniature locking plate with a single button and reported its clinical outcomes obtained in patients with distal clavicle fractures associated with coracoclavicular ligaments disruption. Methods: Seven patients with distal clavicle fractures were included with a follow-up period of 12 months. All patients were diagnosed type IIb fractures according to the Neer classification. Distal clavicle fracture was fixed with a miniature locking plate and coracoclavicular ligaments were reconstructed using a single button. Functional outcomes were assessed at the final follow-up visit.Results: At 1-year follow-up, all patients had achieved radiographic union. There were no cases of nonunion or osteolysis. Mean Constant score at final follow-up was 88±5.13 (range, 78-93). Mean DASH score was 19.17±7.70 (range, 11.67-25). Mean UCLA score was 30±2.52 (range, 25-33).Conclusions: Internal fixation using a miniature locking plate and coracoclavicular reconstruction with a single button were reliable surgical techniques for restoring stability in patients with Neer type IIb distal clavicle fractures.
Prognostic Value of Preoperative Circulating Tumor Cell Counts in Patients with UICC-Stage I-IV Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Abdalla Thaer , Meiners Jan , König Alexandra , Melling Nathaniel , Karstens Karl , Gorges Tobias , Riethdorf Sabine , Izbicki Jakob , Pantel Klaus , Reeh Matthias 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The detection of CTCs in peripheral blood is one of the most promising approaches to identify disseminated disease in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to evaluate the prognostic relevance of preoperative CTCs using the Cellsearch® system (CS)in patients, who underwent resection with curative intent of different stages of colorectal cancer (UICC I-IV). CTC analysis was performed in 68 CRC patients at UICC stages I-IV immediately before surgery. Data were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcomes. One or more CTCs/7.5 mL were detected in 45.6% (31/68) of patients. CTCs were detected in all stages of the Union of International Cancer Control (UICC), in stage I (1/4, 25%), in stage II (4/12, 33.3%), in stage III (5/19, 26.3%) in stage IV (21/33, 63.6%).The detection of CTCs was associated to the UICC stage (p = 0.035) and to the presence of distant overt metastases (p = 0.014). The presence of ≥ 1 CTCs/ 7.5 ml correlated significantly with shorter progression-free (p = 0.013) and overall survival (p = 0.014). Multivariate analyses showed that preoperative CTCs are an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (HR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.05–6.92 7; p = 0.039, ≥ 1 CTC). In conclusion, detection of CTCs is an independent and strong prognostic factor in CRC, which might improve the identification of high-risk patients in future clinical trials.
Alternative Splicing of RNF180 Genes in Different Species Based on Comparative Genomics Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Zhou Quan , Li Hao , Yuan Yuan , Sun Li-ping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) influences gene regulation, cell differentiation, and tissue development and is involved in many human diseases. The ring finger protein 180 (RNF180), a tumor suppressor gene, has four transcripts and seven predicted transcripts. However, the role of alternatively spliced products in the function and regulation of the RNF180 gene remain unknown. We used a comparative genomics approach to investigate RNF180 AS in different species. Conserved coding sequences, alternative splicing expression profiles and intron sequences were compared, and evolutionary selection pressure analyses of exons were performed. We found that the RNF180 zinc finger structure, which was related to major ubiquitination functions, was highly conserved and exon 5 was absent in many species. Comparisons with the corresponding intron revealed that exon 5 possessed high similarity. In exon pressure selection analysis, exon 6 was in the purifying selection, which corresponded to the zinc finger domain, while exons 7 and 8 faced positive selection evolution. Finally, there were multiple alternatively spliced forms of RNF180 in four transcripts. These results suggested that complex alternative splicing of the RNF180 gene occurred in multiple species. Partial splicing variants had evolutionarily conserved regions and functional region deletions.
Transcriptome Profile of the Sinoatrial Ring Reveals Conserved and Novel Genetic Programs of the Zebrafish Pacemaker
Authors: Minhas Rashid , Loeffler-Wirth Henry , Siddiqui Yusra , Obrebski Tomasz , Vhashist Shikha , Nahia Karim Abu , Paterek Aleksandra , Brzozowska Angelika , Bugajski Lukasz , Piwocka Katarzyna , Korzh Vladimir , Binder Hans , Winata Cecilia Lanny 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Sinoatrial Node (SAN) is part of the cardiac conduction system, which controls the rhythmic contraction of the vertebrate heart. The SAN consists of a specialized pacemaker cell population that has the potential to generate electrical impulses. Although the SAN pacemaker has been extensively studied in mammalian and teleost models, including the zebrafish, their molecular nature remains inadequately comprehended. Results: To characterize the molecular profile of the SAR and elucidate the mechanism of pacemaker function, we utilized the zebrafish transgenic line sqet33mi59BEt to isolate cells of the sinoatrial ring (SAR) of developing zebrafish embryos and profiled their transcriptome. Our analyses identified novel candidate genes and well-known conserved signaling pathways involved in pacemaker development. We show that, compared to the rest of the heart, the zebrafish SAR overexpresses several mammalian SAN pacemaker signature genes, which include hcn4 as well as those encoding calcium- and potassium-gated channels. Moreover, genes encoding components of the BMP and Wnt signaling pathways, as well as members of the Tbx family, which have previously been implicated in pacemaker development, were also overexpressed in the SAR. Among SAR-overexpressed genes, 24 had human homologues implicated in 104 different ClinVar phenotype entries related to various forms of congenital heart diseases, which suggest the relevance of our transcriptomics resource to studying human heart conditions. Finally, functional analyses of three SAR-overexpressed genes, pard6a, prom2, and atp1a1a.2, uncovered their novel role in heart development and physiology. Conclusion: Our results established conserved aspects between zebrafish and mammalian pacemaker function and revealed novel factors implicated in maintaining cardiac rhythm. The transcriptome data generated in this study represents a unique and valuable resource for the study of pacemaker function and associated heart diseases.
In Situ Observations of Ions and Magnetic Field Around Phobos: The Mass Spectrum Analyzer (MSA) for the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) Mission
Authors: Yokota Shoichiro , Terada Naoki , Matsuoka Ayako , Murata Naofumi , Saito Yoshifumi , Delcourt Dominique , Futaana Yoshifumi , Seki Kanako , Schaible Micah J , Asamura Kazushi , Kasahara Satoshi , Nakagawa Hiromu , Nishino Masaki N , Nomura Reiko , Keika Kunihiro , Harada Yuki , Imajo Shun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Mass Spectrum Analyzer (MSA) will perform in-situ observations of ions and magnetic fields around Phobos as part of the Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission to investigate the origin of the Martian moons and physical processes in the Martian environment. MSA consists of an ion energy mass spectrometer and two magnetometers which will measure velocity distribution functions and mass/charge distributions of low-energy ions and magnetic field vectors, respectively. For the MMX scientific objectives, MSA will observe solar wind ions, those scattered at the Phobos surface, water-related ions generated in the predicted Martian gas torus, secondary ions sputtered from Phobos, and escaping ions from the Martian atmosphere, while monitoring the surrounding magnetic field. MSA will be developed from previous instruments for space plasma missions such as Kaguya, Arase, and BepiColombo/Mio to contribute to the MMX scientific objectives.
lncRNA-RMST Functioned as a SOX2 Transcription Co-regulator to Regulate miR-1251 in the Progression of Hirschsprung's Disease
Authors: Zhou Lingling , Zhi Zhengke , Chen Pingfa , Du Chunxia , Wang Binyu , Fang Xiang , Tang Weibing , Li Hongxing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background：Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a congenital colon disease characterized by the lack of ganglion cells which is closely related to impaired migration and proliferation of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been authenticated as an important class of regulators of biological functions. In this study, a microarray analysis was conducted and found that Rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST), a newly defined lncRNA, was down-regulated in the stenotic segment of HSCR patients. MiR-1251 is transcribed from the intron region of RMST and was also low expressed in the aganglionic tract. This study aimed to clarify the roles they played in the occurrence of HSCR. Methods：qRT-PCR was applied to validate the mRNA expression of RMST, miR-1251, SOX2 and AHNAK, while western blotting was employed to evaluate the protein level of SOX2 and AHNAK in clinical samples and cells. CCK-8 and transwell assays were used to detect cell proliferation and migration after transfection. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) was applied to confirm SOX2 could bind to the promoter region of miR-1251. RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) was used to demonstrate the interaction between RMST and SOX2. Dul-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm miR-1251 could interact with AHNAK. Results: When the expression of RMST or miR-1251 was reduced, cell proliferation and migration was attenuated. However, RMST not to influence the expression of miR-1251 directly. Through bioinformatic analysis, transcription factor SOX2 was predicted to bind to the promoter region of miR-1251 which was confirmed by CHIP assay. We also demonstrated that RMST exerted as a co-regulator of SOX2 via RIP assay. AHNAK was predicted as the downstream gene of miR-1251 confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furtherly, rescue experiments showed RMST functioned as a transcription co-regulator of SOX2 to upregulate the expression of downstream gene AHNAK by strengthening the regulation of SOX2 on miR-1251 in HSCR.Conclusions: These findings uncovered the role of RMST/SOX2/miR-1251/AHNAK pathway during the development of Hirschsprung's disease and presented potential therapeutic targets for HSCR.
Tracking Progress in Anthropometric Failure Among Under-five Children in Ethiopia: A Geospatial and Multilevel Analysis.
Authors: Seboka Binyam Tariku , Hailegebreal Samuel , Yehualashet Delelegn Emwodew , Demeke Abel Desalegn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Under-nutrition is a major public health concern among under-five children in many developing countries. This work evaluated the overall prevalence of under-nutrition by using a composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF), which helps in the detection of children with multiple anthropometric failures. Additionally, this study provides a Spatio-temporal distribution and associated factors of childhood anthropometric failures across time.Methods Secondary data was obtained from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey for the survey 2005, 2011, and 2016 years. Data included 23,864 samples of children between the ages of 0-59 months, which is a nationally representative sample in Ethiopia. Analytical methods used in this paper include multivariate multilevel logistic regression to identify associated factors and Getis-Ord spatial statistical tool to identify high and low hotspots areas of anthropometric failures. ResultThe prevalence obtained with CIAF in 2005, 2011, and 2016 was, 53.5%, 51%, and 46.2% of children were suffering from under-nutrition respectively. The spatial analysis revealed areas that are at a higher risk of anthropometric failures consistently were found in northern parts of the country, largely in the Amhara, Tigray, and Afar regions. Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of anthropometric failure was higher among older children, had low birth weight, had a mother with low BMI, was in a rural area, had mothers and fathers without formal education. Conclusion In addition to identifying wasted, stunted, and overweight children, CIAF also identified children with multiple conditions, which are generally neglected in most nutritional surveys. As revealed by this composite index, the prevalence of anthropometric failure remains considerably high and its spatial distribution also significantly varied across the regions in the country. The identified socio-demographic characteristics and districts at an increased likelihood of anthropometric failure can inform localized intervention and prevention strategies to improve the nutritional status and healthcare of children in Ethiopia.
Protective Effects of Sodium Butyrate on Rotavirus Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis Via PERK-eIF2α Signaling Pathway in IPEC-J2 Cells
Authors: Zhao Ye , Hu Ningming , Jiang Qin , Zhu Li , Zhang Ming , Jiang Jun , Xiong Manyi , Yang Mingxian , Yang Jiandong , Shen Linyuan , Zhang Shunhua , Niu Lili , Chen Lei , Chen Daiwen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Rotavirus (RV) is an important pathogens that causes severe gastroenteritis in infants and young animals. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent apoptosis played pivotal role in virus infection. However, the protective mechanisms of intestinal damage caused by RV are poorly defined, especially the molecular pathways related to enterocytes apoptosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of sodium butyrate (SB) on RV-induced apoptosis of IPEC-J2 cells. Results: The RV infection led to significant cell apoptosis, increased the expression levels of ER stress (ERS) markers, phosphorylated protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), caspase9, and caspase3. Blocking PERK pathway using specific inhibitor GSK subsequently reversed RV-induced cell apoptosis. The SB treatment significantly inhibited RV-induced ERS by decreasing the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), PERK, and eIF2α. In addition, SB treatment restrained the ERS-mediated apoptotic pathway, as indicated by downregulation of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), as well as decreased cleaved caspase 9 and 3. Furthermore, siRNA-induced GPR109a knockdown significantly suppressed the protective effect of SB on RV-induced cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings revealed that SB exerts protective effects against RV-induced cell apoptosis through inhibiting ERS mediated apoptosis via PERK-eIF2α signaling pathway in a GPR109a-dependent manner, which provide new ideas for the prevention and control of RV.
Spectral&nbsp;Computed Tomography&nbsp;Findings of Peripheral Lung Adenocarcinoma and Peripheral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Deng Liangna , Zhang Guojing , Lin Xiaoqiang , Jing Mengyuan , Han Tao , Zhang Bin , Zhou Junlin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the spectral computed tomography (CT) findings of peripheral adenocarcinoma (P-AC) and peripheral squamous cell carcinoma (P-SCC) in lung. Methods: In this retrospective study, A total of 273 patients (150 patients with P-AC and 123 patients with P-SCC) confirmed by surgery and pathology who underwent chest contrast enhanced CT scan with GSI mode, including arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP). During two phases, The CT40keV, CT70keV, CT100keV values, iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), effective atomic number (Zeff) were measured and the slope of the spectral curve (K) was calculated. Differences between two groups were compared using two-sample t-test, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was also calculated to calculate diagnostic efficacies.Results: There was significant difference in gender between the two groups (P < 0.05), No significant difference between other clinical features and symptoms (P > 0.05). For AP and VP, the CT40keV, CT70keV, K70keV, IC and Zeff of P-AC were significantly higher than those of P-SCC (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in WC and CT100keV between the two groups. ROC curve analysis showed that the combination of all quantitative parameters in AP and VP had the best diagnostic performance, with the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity of 92%, 88%, and 84%, respectively.Conclusions: Spectral CT can provide reference for the differentiation of P-AC and P-SCC.
Massive hemothorax Caused by Intercostal Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report.
Authors: Liu Caiyang , Ran Ran , Li Xiaoliang , Liu Gaohua , Wang Chuanxi , Li Ji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm is rare and at the risk of rupture. The aetiology is always reported to be iatrogenic and traumatic injury. Embolisation is the most common therapeutic method. Here, we report a case of spontaneous intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm and cured by combining covered stent grafting and surgical management.Case presentation:A 60-year-old man complained of acute right back pain for 5 hours. Computed tomography showed right massive hemothorax and a giant mass with distinct feeding vessel originated from the thoracic aorta within the right hemithorax. Thoracocentesis was performed, and then a covered stent was positioned across the origin of the feeding vessel. The patient was diagnosed with intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm. Finally, we successfully resected the pseudoaneurysm and ligated the proximal part of the artery. Histologic examination have proved the diagnosis. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 10. There is no recurrence reported during follow-up.Conclusions: Spontaneous intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm is extremly rare. Delayed hemothorax due to rupture of the pseudoaneurysm may occur years after the formation. Early diagnosis is important and a combined treatment of endovascular intervention and surgical management is feasible, especially for the case of ruptured large tumour-like mass presentation of the pseudoaneurysm.
Risk factors for Takotsubo Syndrome Following Cardiac Surgery: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Kim Yun Seok , Lim Ju Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Takotsubo syndrome following cardiac surgery is a rare occurrence. However, early diagnosis is essential to prevent treatment which could increase the left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient in patients with Takotsubo syndrome, and lead to cardiogenic shock. Therefore, our study aimed to identify the incidence of Takotsubo syndrome after cardiopulmonary bypass and the associated risk factors and prognosis.Methods: We retrospectively studied 5,773 patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass between February 2007 and July 2017. Among these, Takotsubo syndrome was diagnosed in 52 (0.9%). To evaluate the risk factors for Takotsubo syndrome, 104 of the remaining 5,721 patient were randomly selected as the control group (1:2 ratio). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for risk factor analysis. Results: Majority of patients (69.2%) in the Takotsubo syndrome group underwent mitral valve surgery, compared to 32.7% in the control group. The following risk factors of Takotsubo syndrome were identified: atrio-ventricular valve surgery (odds ratio (OR),10.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.6-42.5; P=0.001); and the immediate postoperative use of epinephrine (OR, 3.3; 95%CI, 1.0-10.7; P=0.05) and dobutamine (OR, 4.8; 95%CI, 1.72-13.3; P=0.003). Hypertension was a significant protective factor against Takotsubo syndrome following cardiac surgery (OR, 0.22; 95%CI, 0.06-0.73; P=0.01).Conclusions: Takotsubo syndrome following cardiac surgery is rare. Immediate postoperative use of epinephrine and doputamine, as well as atrio-ventricular valve surgery were factors associated with the development of Takotsubo syndrome.
Postoperative Chemotherapy after Pneumonectomy in PIIB-PIIIB Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Safe Treatment but Lack of Survival Benefits
Authors: Wu Haoxuan , Zhang Yang , Luo Xiaoyang , Zhang Yawei , Xiang Jiaqing , Sun Yihua , Hu Hong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. Few reports have focused on postoperative chemotherapy (POCT) in stage pIIB-pIIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after pneumonectomy. The safety and survival benefits of POCT have not been thoroughly evaluated among these patients. Methods. Records of patients who underwent pneumonectomy for stage pIIB-pIIIB NSCLC at a single institution between Jan. 2008 and Dec. 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.Results. Among the 169 patients included, 143 cases received R0 resection and survived over 90 days postoperatively. Among these, 98 cases received POCT (Chem(+) cohort), and 45 cases did not (Chem(-) cohort). The 5-year rate of non-cancer specific death (death caused by reasons other than cancer) after pneumonectomy was 7% in all patients, 11.1% in the Chem(-) cohort and 5.5% in the Chem(+) cohort. The recurrence rate had a tendency to decrease after POCT (HR=0.95, P=0.883), both in the local recurrence and distant recurrence (HR=0.58, P=0.290; HR=0.85, P=0.645), but the change did not reach statistical significance. pTNM stage and pleural invasion were independent factors associated with the recurrence rate (HR=1.91, P=0.003; HR=1.65, P=0.027). Cancer-specific survival (CSS) was not reduced by POCT (HR=1.27, P=0.614), neither in the N2 station negative group (N2(-) group) (HR=0.55, P=0.474), nor in the N2 station positive group (N2(+) group) (P=1.64; P=0.482).Conclusions. POCT after pneumonectomy is safe among carefully selected patients in pIIB-pIIIB NSCLC. Patients who achieved R0 resection probably benefit from POCT in terms of recurrence, but not in cancer-specific survival, particularly in stage pIIIA/pIIIB-N2 patients.
HDL Inhibited Atherosclerosis Induced by Radiation Injury
Authors: Xie Jin , Zhu Ke , Wang Qingya , Zhao Pei , Pan Lihua , Hui Jie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background- HDL inhibits atherosclerosis development from radiation damage, nonetheless, the underlying mechanism is yet to be defined.Methods-This study used radiation patients along with cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) to investigate the process. Firstly, 158 patients from the oncology department of Jingzhou hospital who received radiation after neck cancers participated, and their arterial function was monitored by B ultrasound. Similarly, HDL and other blood lipid indexes were also tested. Then, MAECs were isolated and cultured and passed through MTT assay to test the HDL protective role on UVB radiation along with western blotting to test some apoptosis protein expression and possible molecules.Results-Firstly, those patients with high HDL levels were less likely to develop atherosclerosis, with statistical differences. We observed that MAECs treated with UVB were damaged significantly however HDL reversed the cell damage in a dose-depended manner. In the meantime, the apoptosis process was assessed and found that HDL inhibited the apoptosis caused by UVB. Western blotting results showed that HDL enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in addition to Akt phosphorylation in MAECs.Conclusion-These results suggest that HDL protected UVB-mediated apoptosis by activation of a mechanism involving PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.