bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Students' Attitudes Towards Women'S Childbirth Experience - Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Health Sciences Students (Cave-St)
Authors: Rengel-Díaz Cristóbal , Riklikiene Olga , Thomson Gillian , Cazorla-Granados Olga , Abreu Wilson , Isbir Gozde Gokce , Jonsdottir Sigridur Sia , Karlsdottir Sigfridur Inga , Lalor Joan , Gonzalez-Mesa Ernesto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to report on the validation process of the Spanish version of a questionnaire that explores health science students’ attitudes towards women’s childbirth experiences. This questionnaire could help inform education programs to enhance the quality of woman-professional interactions, and to improve women’s experiences of childbirth. METHODS: A standardised procedure for the development and validation of the questionnaire included: item development and psychometric pre-validation, Cronbach’s Alpha and split-half coefficients calculation, test–retest and item-total correlation for the reliability analysis. Content validity was undertaken by Delphi method with sixteen panelists over two rounds. We determined the factor structure and refined and validated the questionnaire according to the responses of a cohort of 160 students using principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation. RESULTS: A 52-items questionnaire CAVE-st: (acronym for cuestionario de actitudes sobre vivencias y experiencias en el parto) was developed and validated. The questionnaire had a high construct validity, with a Cronbach´s alpha > 0.92. The intraclass correlations (0.80) indicated adequate test–retest reliability. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed fourteen latent components that explained more than the 70% of the observed total variance.CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the questionnaire CAVE-st has been developed and validated. Its psychometrics indicate that it is a valid and reliable tool to assess health sciences students’ attitude towards women´s childbirth experience. Further work to translate and adapt the instrument in other cultures and languages will be undertaken.
Extending the global-direction stencil with "face-area-weighted centroid" to unstructured finite volume discretization from integral form
Authors: Kong Lingfa , Dong Yidao , Liu Wei , Zhang Huaibao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Accuracy of unstructured finite volume discretization is greatly influenced by the gradient reconstruction. For the commonly used k-exact reconstruction method, the cell centroid is always chosen as the reference point to formulate the reconstructed function. But in some practical problems, such as the boundary layer, cells in this area are always set with high aspect ratio to improve the local field resolution, and if geometric centroid is still utilized for the spatial discretization, the severe grid skewness cannot be avoided, which is adverse to the numerical performance of unstructured finite volume solver. In previous work [Chinese Physics B. 2020, In press], we explored a novel global-direction stencil and combined it with the face-area-weighted centroid on unstructured finite volume methods from differential form to realize the skewness reduction and a better reflection of flow anisotropy. Greatly inspired by the differential form, in this research, we demonstrate that it is also feasible to extend this novel method to the unstructured finite volume discretization from integral form on both second and third-order finite volume solver. Numerical examples governed by linear convective, Euler and Laplacian equations are utilized to examine the correctness as well as effectiveness of this extension. Compared with traditional vertex-neighbor and face-neighbor stencils based on the geometric centroid, the grid skewness is almost eliminated and computational accuracy as well as convergence rate is greatly improved by the global-direction stencil with face-area-weighted centroid. As a result, on unstructured finite volume discretization from integral form, the method also has superiorities on both computational accuracy and convergence rate.
Fear response-based prediction for stress susceptibility to PTSD-like phenotypes
Authors: Jeong Min-Jae , Lee Changhee , Sung Ki-Bong , Jung Jung Hoon , Pyo Jung-Hyun , Kim Joung-Hun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Most individuals undergo traumatic stresses at some points in their life, but only a small proportion develop stress-related disorders such as anxiety diseases and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although stress susceptibility is one determinant of mental disorders, the underlying mechanisms and functional implication remain unclear yet. We found that an increased amount of freezing that animals exhibited in the intertrial interval (ITI) of a stress-enhanced fear learning paradigm, predicts ensuing PTSD-like symptoms whereas resilient mice show ITI freezing comparable to that of unstressed mice. To examine the behavioral features, we developed a systematic analytical approach for ITI freezing and stress susceptibility. Thus, we provide a behavioral parameter for prognosis to stress susceptibility of individuals in the development of PTSD-like symptoms as well as a new mathematical means to scrutinize freezing behavior.
Effect of Vitamin C on mortality of critically ill patients with severe pneumonia in intensive care unit
Authors: Mahmoodpoor Ata , Shadvar Kamran , Sanaie Sarvin , Hadipoor Mir Reza , Pourmoghaddam Mohammad Ata , saghaleini seied hadi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Critically ill patients are frequently suffering from vitamin C deficiency. Previous studies showed that high doses of vitamin C administration had conflicting results on clinical outcomes in patients with severe sepsis, burns and trauma. Because of high incidence and morbidity/mortality with severe pneumonia, we aimed to investigate the effect of administration of high dose vitamin C in critically ill patients with severe pneumonia.Methods: Eighty critically ill patients with pneumonia were enrolled in this randomized double blinded clinical trial. Patients with CURB-65 score >3, one major criteria, or ≥3 minor criteria were considered as severe pneumonia. Patients were randomly assigned to intervention or placebo groups receiving standard treatment plus 60 mg/kg/day vitamin C as continuous infusion or normal saline in the same volume correspondingly for 96 hours. Serum levels of vitamin C were noted at baseline and 48 hours after vitamin C administration. Duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, PaO2/FiO2 and mortality rate were noted for all patients till the 28th day. Any complications related to vitamin C administration were recorded. (IRCT registration number: IRCT20190312043030N1, Registration date: 2019-08-26, seied hadi saghaleini).Results: Duration of mechanical ventilation and vasopressor use were significantly lower in intervention group (p: <0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Baseline levels of vitamin C in both groups did not have significant difference but its levels increased in intervention group and decreased in control group during the study period. Mortality rate insignificantly decreased in intervention group (p: 0.17). Three patients showed hypotension and tachycardia during the administration of vitamin C which was self-limited with decreasing the dose of vitamin C. Conclusion: Our results showed that the intravenous administration of a relatively high dose of vitamin C to critically ill patients with severe pneumonia was safe and could decrease the inflammation, mechanical ventilation duration and vasopressor use without any significant effect on mortality.
Aß40 mutants protect Drosophila against Aß42 toxicity despite their amyloidogenic properties in the non-transgenic mouse brain
Authors: de Mena Lorena , Smith Michael A , Martin Jason , Dunton Katie L , Ceballos-Diaz Carolina , Jansen-West Karen , Cruz Pedro E , Dillon Kristy D , Rincon-Limas Diego , Golde Todd E , Moore Brenda D , Levites Yona 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSelf-assembly of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into aggregates, from small oligomers to amyloid fibrils, is fundamentally linked with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However it is clear that not all forms of Aβ are equally harmful, and that linking a specific aggregate to toxicity also depends on the assays and model systems used [1, 2]. Though a central postulate of the amyloid cascade hypothesis, there remain many gaps in our understanding regarding the links between Aβ deposition and neurodegeneration.MethodsIn this study, we examined familial mutations of Aβ that increase aggregation and oligomerization, E22G and DE22, and induce cerebral amyloid angiopathy, E22Q and D23N. We also investigated synthetic mutations that stabilize dimerization, S26C, and a phospho-mimetic, S8E, and non-phospho-mimetic, S8A. To that end, we utilized BRI2-Aβ fusion technology and rAAV2/1 based somatic brain transgenesis in mice to selectively express individual mutant Aβ species in vivo . In parallel we generated PhiC31-based transgenic Drosophila melanogaster expressing wild type (WT) and Aβ40 and Aβ42 mutants, fused to the Argos signal peptide to assess the extent of Aβ42-induced toxicity as well as to interrogate the combined effect of different Aβ40 and Aβ42 species.ResultsWhen expressed in the mouse brain for 6 months, Aβ42 E22G, Aβ42 E22Q/D23N, and Aβ42WT formed amyloid aggregates consisting of some diffuse material as well as cored plaques, whereas other mutants formed predominantly diffuse amyloid deposits. Moreover, while Aβ40WT showed no distinctive phenotype, Aβ40 E22G and E22Q/D23N formed unique aggregates that accumulated in mouse brains. This is the first evidence that mutant Aβ40 overexpression leads to deposition under certain conditions. Interestingly, we found that mutant Aβ42 E22G, E22Q, and S26C, but not Aβ40, were toxic to the eye of Drosophila . In contrast, flies expressing a copy of Aβ40 (WT or mutants) in addition to Aβ42WT, showed improved phenotypes, suggesting possible protective qualities for Aβ40.ConclusionsThese studies suggest that some Aβ40 mutants form unique amyloid aggregates in mouse brains, despite protecting against Aβ42 toxicity in Drosophila , which highlights the significance of using different systems for a better understanding of AD pathogenicity and more accurate screening for new potential therapies.
Impact of fibrinogen level on the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury: A single-center analysis of 2570 patients
Authors: Lv Ke , Yuan Qiang , Fu Pengfei , Wu Gang , Wu Xing , Du Zhuoying , Yu Jian , Li Zhiqi , Hu Jin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Fibrinogen may play an important role in the survival of trauma patients; however, its role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its correlation with disease prognosis remain poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of TBI-associated hypofibrinogenemia in patients with TBI and to evaluate the prognostic value of fibrinogen level with respect to mortality and clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 2570 consecutive TBI patients were retrospectively studied. Prognostic evaluations were determined using the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) assessment 3 months after injury. The shape of the relationship between fibrinogen level and mortality or outcome was examined using cubic spline functions. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between fibrinogen level and 3-month functional outcomes.Results: Fibrinogen concentrations < 2 g/L were observed in 992 (38.6%) patients at the time of admission. Multivariate analyses showed that for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.0 g/L, those levels were an independent prognostic factor for 3-month mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.93; P < .001). By contrast, for patients with fibrinogen levels < 2.5 g/L, the levels were an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.186–2.306; P = .003). Similar results were also seen for patients with fibrinogen levels > 3.0 g/L, with the levels being an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcomes at 3 months (OR, 0.771; 95% CI, 0.607–0.979; P = .033). Conclusions: Fibrinogen is an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes in TBI patients. Maintaining the level of fibrinogen between 2.5 and 3 g/L may improve clinical outcomes in patients with TBI.
Multiple Myeloma in Armenia During the Period 2006-2018: Facts and Discussion
Authors: Ghazaryan Narine , Danelyan Samvel , Bardakhchyan Samvel , Saharyan Anahit , Sahakyan Lusine 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: It is well known that the increased incidence of hematological malignancies is mainly caused by the growth of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM). The indicated annual increase of ММ incidence in the world is 0.7%. Despite significant advances in the MM treatment the mortality rates are reaching 0.8-1.7%. The aim of the current study was a comprehensive analysis of ММ, i.e., their prevalence, incidence and survival rates in Armenia for the period of 2006-2018. Methods: The initial data for this survey were derived from ambulance cards, hospitalization journals, and clinical data from the Registry of Blood Diseases at the Hematology Center named after Yeolyan. Additional data was acquired from the National center of oncology named after Fanarjian, as well as from death certificates. Results: Data analysis showed that during the reported time period the increase of the MM incidence was 1.23 per 100 000 population. In comparison to the results obtained for 1966-1971 and 1998-2004, a significant increase in incidence of MM was found. Conclusions: The incidence rates for the MM increased during the analyzed period and women are particularly in the risk group. Moreover, attention should be paid to the fact that the most favorable age for male with MM is 59 years and below.
The Analgesic Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block Combined With Oral Multimodal Analgesia In Comparison With Oral Multimodal Analgesia After Caesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: YU YANG , GAO Shenshan , YUEN Vivian Manying , CHOI Wai Siu , XU Xuebing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used increasing in parturients after caesarean delivery. This is a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectivenss of TAP in patients who received multimodal oral analgesia for postoperative pain relief.Methods: Parturient who were scheduled for elective caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia were recruited and randomized to receive TAP block or placebo in addition to multimodal oral analgesia which consisted of regular tramadol, celecoxib and paracetamol, with oral oxycodone used as rescue for breakthrough pain. Only parturient in TAP group would have an injection of local anaesthesia under aseptic techniques. All the parturient were evaluated for pain or related complications in the first 24 hours after surgery. Results: Eighty and 79 parturients were allocated to TAP and placebo group respectively. Nine out of 79 (11.4%) and 15 out of 73 (20.5%) parturients required oxycodone for breakthrough pain, P = 0.122. There was no difference in postoperative pain score and patient satisfactory score between the two groups. Conclusions: TAP block confers little additional benefit when multi-modal oral analgesic regimen is used for postoperative pain control after caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.Trial registration:Clinical Trial Registry of China (http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR-INR-16010130). Retrospective registered on Dec 12, 2016
Older Aboriginal Australians’ Health Concerns and Preferences for Healthy Ageing Programs
Authors: Wettasinghe Pamela Ming , Allan Wendy , Garvey Gail , Timbery Alison , Hoskins Sue , Veinovic Madeleine , Daylight Gail , Mack Holly , Minogue Cecilia , Broe Gerald A , Donovan Terrence , Radford Kylie , Delbaere Kim 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

BackgroundWhile there is strong evidence of the need for culturally appropriate healthy ageing programs for older Aboriginal Australians, there are few such available programs. There is also emerging potential and advantages of using technology as a platform for program delivery. It is important to understand older Aboriginal Australians’ perceptions of healthy ageing in order to co-design culturally appropriate healthy ageing programs, including views on technology use in this context.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 Aboriginal Australians aged 50 years and older from regional and urban communities to explore participants’ main health concerns, preferred approaches to developing healthy ageing programs, and receptiveness to technology. Qualitative data were analysed using a grounded theory approach. ResultsThis study found that older Aboriginal Australians are concerned about chronic health conditions; social and emotional wellbeing; and difficulties accessing health services. Barriers to participation in current health programs included unappealing programs, disengagement due to past negative experiences, shame or stigma, and a sense of disempowerment. Flexibility of attendance and social aspects emerged as enablers. From the perspective of older Aboriginal people, a successful model of a healthy ageing program is one that comprises physical and cognitive activities, social interaction and health education, while providing culturally safe care and transport. Such a model should maintain family, community, cultural identity and empowerment regarding ageing well as its central tenets. This study also provides preliminary evidence of the viability of technology as a platform for health program delivery amongst older Aboriginal people in urban and regional settings. ConclusionFuture research may apply these findings in the implementation and evaluation of culturally appropriate healthy ageing programs for older Aboriginal people.
Expression of adipocytokine genes and their content in various adipose tissue sites in patients with heart diseases
Authors: Gruzdeva Olga , Dyleva Yulia , Belik Ekaterina , Borodkina Daria , Sinitsky Maxim , Sotnikov Anton , Kozyrin Kiril , Karetnikova Viktoria , Bychkova Evgenia , Barbarash Olga 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Adipose tissue (AT) is an endocrine and paracrine organ that synthesizes biologically active adipocytokines, which affect inflammation, fibrosis, and atherogenesis. Epicardial and perivascular fat depots are of great interest owing to potential effects on the myocardium and blood vessels. Objective To assess expression and secretion of adipocytokine genes in adipose tissue in patients coronary artery disease (CAD) and patients with aortic or mitral valve replacement. Methods The study included 84 patients with CAD and 50 patients with aortic or mitral valve replacement. Adipocytes were isolated from subcutaneous (SAT), epicardial (EAT), and perivascular AT (PVAT) samples. Isolated adipocytes were cultured for 24 h after which, gene expression and secretion levels of selected adipokines and cytokines in the culture medium were determined. Results The study parameters differed depending on the adipose tissue location. EAT adipocytes in CAD patients were characterized by a pronounced imbalance in the adipokine system. EAT had the lowest adiponectin gene expression and secretion, regardless of nosology and high expression levels of the leptin gene, its receptor, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected. High leptin and IL-6 levels resulted in increased pro-inflammatory activity, as observed in both EAT and PVAT adipocytes, especially in individuals with coronary artery disease. Conclusion The "protective" potential of adipose tissue depends on its location.
Energetic Balance of Biogas and Fertilizing Potential of Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion of Manihot Utilissima
Authors: Nsimba Beaudrique , Mambanzulua Philippe Ngoma , Basosila Norbert Lolofo , Korangi Virginie Alleluya , Saidi Mugunda , Esole Yamba 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Optimal scale production of biogas from the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes (OWs) as substrates has become one of stimulating environment-friendly procedures to foster the replacement of fossil energies by renewable ones. AD of OWs generated from households is desirable as an effective method to fight against environmental pollution effects of the latter in developing countries. Notably in Africa where each year there are more than 600,000 premature deaths following the use of solid biomass energy (especially charcoal). Yet, if assessing the potential of biogas production, that is, biochemical methane potential (BMP) has played a prominent role in the choice of substrates, in the other hand the evaluation of the optimal ratio between the quantity of variety OWs and the amount of energy to be produced has not received several attentions. The latter is valuable not only for energetic productivity but also for profitability. Thus, in this report, an energetic balance between the amount of leaves and stems of Manihot Utilissima (MU) annually produced as well as the energetic potential of their biogas were investigated. Cow manure (CM) was employed as inoculum, under mesophilic conditions of the collection sites: Ngaba and Ndjili in Kinshasa City Province (KCP), Congo DR, where the leaves and stems of MU are among the most generated wastes. Furthermore, we evaluated the fertilizing potential of digestates from the AD of the leaves and stems by their Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratios. The annual energetic potentials of biogas produced were estimated to be 1.362 ± 0.028 109 kWh for the leaves and 0.337 ± 0.006 109 kWh for the stems. These were associated to the energy needs for the KCP households corresponding to the use of charcoal. The latter was evaluated to be 166 103 tons for leaves and 41 103 tons for the stems of MU, respectively. The fertilizing potential of digestates from the AD of the leaves and stems of MU assessed by their C/N ratios were determined to be 5 and 10, respectively; indicating that they are favorable for the cultivation of vegetables and fruit trees in KCP soils (C/N ~ 5) but also optimal for the organisms, soil conditioning and could improve the soils hydraulic conductivity (C/N ~ 10).