bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Megalithic Circle from Ǝmba Dǝrho: Some Significant Aspects of Culture
Authors: Rao S. Krishna , Libsekal Yosief 
Published: July 2020

The archeological evidence of megalithic stone circles at Ǝmba Dǝrho sheds some light on the development of prehistoric religion, with particular regard to death and burial. With the exception of slight changes from the prehistoric era, the material culture of megalithic burial at Ǝmba Dǝrho reflects the prehistoric tradition. It is thus direct proof of an historical continuum of prehistoric religion. An interesting aspect of the finds at Ǝmba Dǝrho concerns the evidence of cowry shells and teeth. The Eastern Cushitic speaking community – the Saho, who claim to have descended from the ʿAfar – trade cowry shells and are involved in certain smuggling activities on the coast with Saudi Arabia. It is therefore logical to assume that the builders of the megalithic circles at Ǝmba Dǝrho may also have been involved in similar activities. The type of pottery found at the burial site suggests it was used by an individual and associated with different routine activities during his lifetime. In Ǝmba Dǝrho two types of megalithic circles were found: single stone circles, and double stone circles (an inner circle within a larger circle); these may have been arranged by two different groups. Such differences, however, could also have been the result of the influence of micro-environmental variations within the same ecological zone. With regard to the ethnicity and origins of megalithic circles, there exists a general disagree­ment. A few hundred megalithic burial sites were excavated in India. Some scholars suggest they have Celtic or Scythian origins, and others suggest Iranian origins, but it is only a few that emphasize indigenous Dravidian origin on the basis of living megalithic traditions (Deo 1978: 451). With the discovery of megalithic stone circles in Eritrea and other parts of Africa, we now have new examples of indigenous origins reflected in living traditions. ATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.
The ak’aat k’aal movement among the Aari people of south-west Ethiopia
Authors: Naty Alexander , Kaneko (ed.) Morie , Shigeta (ed.) Masayoshi 
Published: July 2020

Students of African studies have reported a variety of religious movements under the rubric of independent churches. These include the Cherubim and Seraphim, the Church of the Lord, the Church of Simon Kimbangu, the Zionist and Ethiopianist’s independent churches in southern Africa. Most of these churches emerged in those countries that were under European colonial domination. Ethiopia did not experience European colonialism. Indeed, imperial Ethiopia conquered militarily less powerful kingdoms and chiefdoms that were located to the south and south-western of the then Abyssinia. The conquest of formerly independent populations in southern Ethiopia during the late nineteenth century introduced unequal power relations between the indigenous people and the new settlers. This paper examines the evolution of a religious movement referred to as ak’aat k’aal among the Aari people of south-west Ethiopia in the context of the indigenous forms of domination. Although the movement was short-lived, it was meant to enable the Aari to cope with the social psychological stress that the serfdom system generated. The Aari were not able to practice their traditional religion because of the serfdom. Therefore, they had to abandon their religion. However, doing this without finding a substitute was incompatible with Aari religious ideology. The ak’aat k’aal was a substitute just for a short period. ATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.
Fakoemülsifikasyon Cerrahisinin Kornea Endoteli Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KADIOĞLU Ekrem , FEYZA Önder 
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Fakoemülsifikasyon cerrahisi yapılan hastalarda kornea endotel hücre değişikliklerini ve hasar risk faktörlerini araştırmak.Gereç ve Yöntem: Katarakt tanısı alıp komplikasyonsuz fakoemülsifikasyon cerrahisi yapılan 35 vaka çalışma kapsamına alındı. Hastaların santral kornea kalınlığı (SKK) ile endotel hücreverileri preoperatif ve postoperatif birinci hafta, birinci ay, üçüncü ayda speküler mikroskopla ölçüldü.Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 64.8±10.7 yıl, endotelin ameliyat öncesi hücre yoğunluğu (HY) ortalaması 2344.8±340.7 hücre/mm² idi. Ameliyat sonrası 3. aydaki HY ortalaması 1920.4±456.0 hücre/mm² olarak bulundu. Ortalama %18.3’lük bir HY kaybı gözlendi. Endotel hücre varyasyon katsayısı (VK), preoperatif ortalama 32.9±7.3 ve postoperatif 3. ayda ortalama 30±3.7 olarak bulundu. Hekzagonal hücre yüzdesi (HG) preoperatif ortalama 60±10.2 %, postoperatif 3. ayda 55.1±8.9 % olarak bulundu. VK ve HG postoperatif 3. ayda preoperatif değerlerine göre istatiksel olarak anlamlı düşük bulundu (p&lt;0.05). Ortalama SKK, ameliyat öncesinde 535±32.30 μm, 1. haftada 568.74±43.46 μm, 1. ayda 539.60±37.51 μm ve 3. ayda 533.46±34.78 μm olarak ölçüldü. SKK ortalamasının 1. haftada artıp 1. ayda preoperatif değerine döndüğü ve bu değişimlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görüldü (p&lt;0.001). Endotel hücre kaybı risk faktörü olarak; yaşın (p=0.002), toplam ultrason zamanının (p=0.004), efektif fako süresinin (p=0.001) ve katarakt evresinin (p&lt;0.001) endotel hücre yoğunluğu kayıp yüzdesiyle istatiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif bir korelasyon sergilediği saptandı.Sonuç: Speküler mikroskopik değerlendirme, özellikle ileri kataraktı olan yaşlı hastalarda, istenmeyen kornea komplikasyonlarının önlenmesinde etkili olacaktır.
Remembering Stanley Cavell
Authors: Davies Byron 
Published: July 2020

This memorial notice for Stanley Cavell was first published on the Harvard Philosophy Department website on June 25, 2018 and appears here with the department’s permission.
For over four decades one of the most distinctive and original contributors to American letters—and one of the world’s most significant proponents of what philosophy could learn from the arts—was a member of the community of Emerson Hall. But so long as Stanley Cavell is best known just as a philosopher who wrote about Shakespeare and movies (as he was first introduced to me), and even if his unassailable institutional legacy is as the advisor of generations of accomplished philosophers (and film and literary scholars), the task for philosophers memorializing Cavell is to communicate what he taught us, and in particular what he taught us to do.
Denúncias, anúncios, lamentos e lutas: a educação escolar indígena em foco / Complaints, announcements, laments and struggles...
Authors: Santos Benerval Pinheiro 
Published: July 2020

Neste pequeno texto, apresentamos formas de agressões e retiradas de direitos experienciados contra a população indígena após o golpe de 2016. Abordamos as ações autoritárias do governo de Bolsonaro/Mourão contra a população brasileira, no geral, e contra os povos indígenas, em particular. Apresentamos ainda duas experiências que consideramos exitosas: a primeira em termos de ações pedagógicas voltadas para a formação de professores indígenas e a segunda voltada para a formação continuada de professores não indígenas. Ambas se inserem dentro da temática da educação escolar indígena. Para a construção da narrativa, nos pautamos em materiais produzidos/gerados por estas experiências, em documentos oficiais, publicações eletrônicas e, particularmente, em produções sobre a temática da educação escolar indígena.Palavras-chave: Golpe; Autoritarismo; Indígena; Educação escolar indígena; Lei 11.645/2008. Abstract: In this short text, we present forms of aggression and withdrawal of rights experienced against the indigenous population after the 2016 coup. We address the authoritarian actions of the Bolsonaro/Mourão government against the Brazilian population in general and against indigenous peoples in particular. We also present two experiences that we consider successful: the first in terms of pedagogical actions focused on the formation of indigenous teachers and the second on the continuing education of non-indigenous teachers. Both fall within the theme of indigenous school education. For the construction of the narrative, we are guided by materials produced / generated by these experiences, official documents, electronic publications and, particularly, productions on the theme of indigenous school education.Keywords: Coup; Authoritarianism; Indigenous school education; Law 11,645/ 2008.
PEMBERDAYAAN PELAKU UMKM MERESPON PERGESERAN KARATERISTIK KONSUMEN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Sutinah Sutinah , Suyanto Bagong , Prasetyo Ratna Aziz 
Published: July 2020

The growth of Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) is able to reduce unemployment and poverty in Indonesia MSMEs can create new jobs and create new work units that use new personnel, so as to support household income. Therefore, UMKM Managers and actors must keep up with technology, so that the marketing and product promotion concepts that are implemented are widespread and attractive among buyers both at the domestic, regional and international levels. strategic. Especially with the enactment of the ASEAN Economic Community (MEA), Indonesian UMKM increasingly have greater market access. This activity is intended to empower local UMKM actors in Tuban Regency. The participants in this empowerment activity were as many as 50 people and were carried out by lecturing, discussion, training and mentoring in product marketing using digital technology. As a result of the community service activities, participants were enthusiastic about the activities carried out and proposed concrete follow-up actions such as training and mentoring in marketing digital-based products.abstrakPertumbuhan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) mampu mengurangi angka pengangguran dan kemiskinan di Indonesia. UMKM dapat menciptakan lapangan kerja baru dan unit-unit kerja baru menggunakan tenaga-tenaga baru, sehingga dapat mendukung pendapatan rumah tangga. Karena itu, Para pengelola dan pelaku UMKM harus mengikuti perkembangan teknologi, sehingga konsep pemasaran dan promosi produk yang dilaksanakan tersebar luas dan menarik dikalangan pembeli baik domestik, regional maupun internasional. UMKM di era digital sebagai motor penggerak perekonomian Indonesia, maka menjadi sangat strategis. Apalagi dengan telah berlakunya Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA), UMKM Indonesia semakin memiliki akses pasar yang lebih besar. Kegiatan ini dimaksudkan untuk memberdayakan para pelaku UMKM lokal di Kabupaten Tuban. Peserta dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan ini sebanyak 50 orang dan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam pemasaran produk menggunakan teknologi digital. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini peserta antusias dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan dan mengusulkan adanya tindak lanjut yang konkrit seperti pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam memasarkan produk berbasis digital.
REVITALISASI FUNGSI SANGGAR AGAMA SEBAGAI UPAYA MEWUJUDKAN MASYARAKAT DESA BUNGKAL YANG MAJU, BERBUDAYA, DAN RELIGIUS
Authors: Rusdiana Ika 
Published: July 2020

Pendidikan merupakan investasi terpenting dalam mengembangkan dan meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Tanpa pendidikan yang memadai, tampaknya sulit mewujudkan kehidupan masyarakat yang maju, berbudaya dan religius, yang siap menghadapi tantangan global. Secara umum, capaian pendidikan di Desa Bungkal, baik yang ada di Dusun Sembung maupun di Dusun Goran, belum mencapai target ideal, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan prosentase masyarakat yang menamatkan wajib belajar 9 tahun, yakni sebesar 14,70%, menamatkan wajib belajar 12 tahun sebesar 28, 66%, selebihnya hanya menamatkan jenjang SD. Di satu sisi, untuk mewujudkan visi desa, yakni menjadi desa yang maju, berbudaya dan religius, tentunya harus didukung oleh kualitas pendidikan formal yang ideal, di mana dalam pelaksanaanya menuntut adanya sinergi antara pihak sekolah, keluarga, dan masyarakat secara umum untuk bersama-sama mewujudkan pendidikan yang lebih baik. Berangkat dari latar belakang inilah, penulis tertarik untuk mengeksplorasi peran “sanggar agama” yang ada di Desa Bungkal dalam mewujudkan masyarakat yang maju, berbudaya dan religius.
Unraveling the Molecular Heterogeneity in type 2 Diabetes: A Potential Subtype Discovery Study Followed by Metabolic Modeling
Authors: Khoshnejat Maryam , Kavousi Kaveh , Banaei-Moghaddam Ali Mohammad , Moosavi-Movahedi Ali Akbar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex multifactorial disease with a high prevalence in the world. Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are the two major abnormalities in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Skeletal muscle is responsible for over 75% of the glucose uptake, thus plays a critical role in T2DM. Here, we attempted to provide a better understanding of abnormalities in this tissue. Methods We have explored the muscle gene expression pattern in healthy and newly diagnosed T2DM individuals using supervised and unsupervised classification along with examining the potential of sub-typing based on the gene expression pattern in patients.Results A machine-learning technique applied to identify a pattern of gene expression that could potentially discriminate between normoglycemic and diabetic groups. A gene set comprises 26 genes identified, which was able to discriminate healthy from diabetic individuals with 94% accuracy after 10-fold stratified cross-validation. In addition, three distinct clusters with different dysregulated genes and metabolic pathways identified in diabetic patients. Conclusion This study implies that it seems the disease has triggered through different cellular/molecular mechanisms and it has the potential to be sub-typing. Possibly, subtyping of T2DM patients in combination with their real clinical profiles will provide a better understanding of abnormalities in each group and lead to the recommendation of the appropriate precision therapy for each subtype in the future.
Prevalence and associated factors of chlamydial infection among patients seeking clinic-based STI services in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Wang Hong-Lin , Cai Yu-Mao , Chen Xiang-Sheng , Yu Wei-Ye , Hong Fu-Chang , Feng Tie-Jian , Liu Jin-Hong , Zhang Chun-Lai , Wen Li-Zhang , Wang Feng , Ye Jian-Bin , Weng Rong-Xing , Tang Fen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
Recovery and Maintenance of NESTIN Expression in Umbilical Cord-MSC Using a Novel Culture Medium
Authors: Liu Yuncheng , Xiao Feidi , Hu Xiang , Tang Zan , Fu Zeqin , Liang Xiao , Zeng Guifang , Zeng Weijie , Liao Yan , Ren Yuan , Liu Zhiyu , Peng Hao , Mei Qiuhong , Liu Muyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a popular candidate in cellular therapy for many diseases. MSCs are well known by their feature of self-renewal and their differentiation potential. NESTIN is a cytoskeletal protein expressed in MSC that functions directly in cell proliferation and differentiation. Here, we demonstrated that adding UltraGRO, a medium supplement, could maintain and partially recover the expression of NESTIN in human umbilical cord derived MSCs (UC-MSCs). Furthermore, the UC-MSCs cultured with UltraGRO showed a better immunomodulation ability in a colitis mouse model compared with those cultured in other types of media. This indicates that the use of novel culture medium benefits the maintenance of NESTIN expression and NESTIN may be one of the vital factors that regulates the performance of MSCs.
Patients’ perceptions of frequent hospital admissions: A qualitative interview study with older people above 65 years of age
Authors: Huang Miaolin , Borght Carolien Van der , Leithaus Merel , Flamaing Johan , Goderis Geert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Although ‘frequent flyer’ hospital admissions represent barely 3 to 8% of the total patient population in a hospital, they are responsible for a disproportionately high percentage (12 to 28%) of all admissions. Moreover, hospital admissions are an important contributor to health care costs and overpopulation in various hospitals. The aim of this research is to obtain a deeper insight into the phenomenon of frequent flyer hospital admissions. Our objectives were to understand the patients’ perspectives on the cause of their frequent hospital admissions and to identify the perceived consequences of the frequent flyer status.Methods: This qualitative study took place at the University Hospital of Leuven. The COREQ guidelines were followed to provide rigor to the study. Patients were included when they had at least four overnight admissions in the past 12 months, an age above 65 years and hospital admission at the time of the study. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and encoded in NVivo.Results: Thirteen interviews were collected. A total of 17 perceived causes for frequent hospital admission were identified, which could be divided into the following six themes: patient, drugs, primary care, secondary care, home and family. Most of the causes were preventable or modifiable. The perceived consequences of being a frequent flyer were divided into the following six themes: body, daily life functioning, social participation, mental status and spiritual dimension. Negative experiences were linked to frequent flying and could be situated mainly in the categories of social participation, mental status and spiritual dimensions.Conclusions: Frequent hospital admissions may be conceived as an indicator, i.e., a ‘red flag’, of patients’ situations characterized by physical, mental, spiritual and social deprivation in their home situation.
Remote ischaemic preconditioning influences the levels of acylcarnitines in vascular surgery: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kasepalu Teele , Kuusik Karl , Lepner Urmas , Starkopf Joel , Zilmer Mihkel , Eha Jaan , Vähi Mare , Kals Jaak 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Vascular surgery affects tissues` blood supply and microcirculation and might lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which may result in the accumulation of acylcarnitines (ACs). It has been suggested that remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) has its organ protective effect via promoting mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of RIPC on the profile of ACs in the vascular surgery patients. Methods. This is a randomised, sham-controlled, double-blinded, single-centre study. Patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, surgical lower limb revascularisation surgery or carotid endarterectomy were recruited non-consecutively. The RIPC protocol consisting of 4 cycles of 5 minutes of ischaemia, followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion, was applied. A blood pressure cuff was used for RIPC or a sham procedure. Blood was collected preoperatively and approximately 24 hours postoperatively. The profile of ACs was analysed using the AbsoluteIDQp180 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria). Results Ninety-eight patients were recruited and randomised into the study groups and 45 patients from the RIPC group and 47 patients from the sham group were included in final analysis. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the changes in C3-OH (p=0.023) - there was a decrease (-0.007 µmol/L, ± 0.020 µmol/L, p=0.0233) in the RIPC group and increase (0.002 µmol/L, ±0.015 µmol/L, p=0.481) in the sham group. Additionally, a decrease from baseline to 24 hours after surgery (p<0.05) was detected both in the sham and the RIPC group in the levels of following ACs: C2, C8, C10, C10:1, C12, C12:1, C14:1, C14:2, C16, C16:1, C18, C18:1, C18:2. In the sham group, there was an increase (p<0.05) in the levels of C0 (carnitine) and a decrease in the level of C18:1-OH. In the RIPC group, a decrease (p<0.05) was noted in the levels of C3-OH, C3-DC (C4-OH), C6:1, C9, C10:2. Conclusions It can be concluded that RIPC may have an effect on the levels of ACs and might therefore have protective effects on mitochondria in the vascular surgery patients. Further studies conducted on metabolically more homogenous populations are needed to make more definite conclusions about the effect of RIPC on the levels of ACs. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov database, NCT02689414. Registered 24 February 2016 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02689414.
miRNA-23b as a biomarker of culture-positive neonatal sepsis
Authors: Fatmi Ahlam , Rebiahi Sid Ahmed , Chabni Nafissa , Zerrouki Hanane , Azzaoui Hafsa , Elhabiri Yamina , Benmassour Souheila , Ibáñez-Cabellos José Santiago , Aribi Mourad , García-Giménez José Luis , Pallardó Federico V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The ability to quickly and accurately diagnose neonatal sepsis based on clinical assessments and laboratory blood tests remains difficult, where haemoculture is the gold standard for detecting bacterial sepsis in blood culture. It is also very difficult to study because neonatal samples are lacking. Methods : Forty-eight newborns suspected of sepsis admitted to the Neonatology Department of the Mother-Child Specialized Hospital of Tlemcen. From each newborn, a minimum of 1-2 ml of blood was drawn by standard sterile procedures for blood culture. The miRNA-23b level in haemoculture was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Results : miR-23b levels increased in premature and full-term newborns in early onset sepsis ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.005 respectively), but lowered in late onset sepsis in full-term neonates ( p < 0.05) compared to the respective negative controls. miR-23b levels also increased in late sepsis in the negative versus early sepsis negative controls ( p < 0.05). miR-23b levels significantly lowered in the newborns who died from both sepsis types ( p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05 respectively). In early sepsis, miR-23b and death strongly and negatively correlated (correlation coefficient = -0.96, p = 0.0019). In late sepsis, miRNA-23b and number of survivors (correlation coefficient = 0.70, p = 0.506) positively correlated. Conclusions : Lowering miR-23b levels is an important factor that favours sepsis development, which would confirm their vital protective role, and strongly suggest that they act as a good marker in molecular diagnosis and patient monitoring.