bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Creative Writing with the Storyboard Task: The Role of Effort and Story Length
Authors: Taylor Christa L. , Kaufman James C. , Barbot Baptiste 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study examines effort in narrative creative writing (operationalized as time‐on‐task) using a new assessment approach, the storyboard task. Participants (N = 125) completed alternate forms of the storyboard task in two sessions five weeks apart. They also completed measures of divergent thinking and self‐reported ideational behavior. Time‐on‐task, story length, and rated creativity scores were obtained for the participants’ stories. The storyboard task demonstrated good alternate form reliability and convergent validity with the criterion measures. Although time‐on‐task was strongly, positively associated with creativity scores, this relationship was confounded by the contribution of story length. Relationships amongst these variables were similar when creativity was rated by novice raters using a rubric or experienced raters using the consensual assessment technique. Additionally, story length and time‐on‐task were moderately correlated with the external criterion measures of creativity. Thus, the strong associations between rated creativity, story length, and time in creative writing raise important issues and avenues for future research, and results for the storyboard task suggest that it is a valuable assessment of narrative creative writing.
Theoretical treatment of single‐molecule scanning Raman picoscopy in strongly inhomogeneous near fields
Authors: Zhang Yao , Dong Zhen‐Chao , Aizpurua Javier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) of a single molecule is commonly described by considering the change in the polarizability of the molecule with respect to a normal coordinate induced by homogeneous illumination. However, the local fields induced by nanoscale and atomic‐scale features at the surface of metallic clusters and nanogaps show strong inhomogeneities in their spatial distribution, which induces breaking of Raman selection rules. In this context, the spatial extension of the molecular electronic states subjected to strongly varying local fields challenges the validity of the point–dipole approximation as an adequate description of TERS in such configurations. Here, we introduce a general treatment to simulate single‐molecule TERS spectra and their energy‐filtered vibrational fingerprints maps, in which the polarization properties of the single molecule and that of the optical enhancing nanoresonator can be calculated separately and then conveniently combined to obtain the total Raman cross section of the molecule under the strongly inhomogeneous field. We apply the general method to study tip‐enhanced scanning Raman picoscopy of a 4,4′‐bipyridine and biphenyl molecules in the proximity of a silver icosahedral cluster with a few atoms at the tip apex mimicking an enhancing picocavity. The polarization of the molecules is calculated within density functional theory (DFT), and the optical response of the tip is calculated within a classical atomistic discrete–dipole approximation. The Raman spectra are found to be extremely sensitive to the spatial distribution of the local fields and to the orientation of the molecule. Our calculations show that the spatial mapping of molecular vibrational fingerprints, as probed by a tip with atomic protrusions, is capable to reveal intramolecular features of a single molecule in real space and thus establish a robust basis for scanning Raman picoscopy.
Bone grafted with β‐TCP granules in the rabbit: A microcomputed tomographic, histologic, Raman microspectrometric, and Raman imaging study
Authors: Aguado Eric , Goyenvalle Eric , Guintard Claude , Chappard Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBone grafting with synthetic substitutes is now the preferred technique in maxillofacial surgery. The biocompatibility of biomaterials such as beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) necessitates animal experimentation. Here, six rabbits received β‐TCP granules in a hole drilled in the femoral condyle and were compared with ungrafted holes with a similar critical size defect on the control‐lateral side. Microcomputed tomography confirmed that new bone trabeculae had invaded the grafted zone after 28 days, whereas only minimal remodeling had occurred at the margins of the hole in control rabbits. Histological sections, after polymethylmethacrylate (pMMA) embedding, evidenced a direct apposition of bone onto the granules. In some areas, osteoid tissue remained unmineralized, sandwiched between the biomaterial and fully calcified bone. Raman analysis was used to characterize the differences between the calcium/phosphate biomaterial and the bone matrix containing hydroxyapatite. Luminescence of β‐TCP was evidenced with a 785‐nm laser used for biological analysis but not with a 532‐nm laser. The ν1 phosphate allowed a clear differentiation of bone and the biomaterial as the subpeaks were not similar (960 cm−1 for bone, 949 and 970 cm−1 for β‐TCP). Hydration (derived from identification of pMMA at 813 cm−1) and crystallinity could be determined. Raman imaging allowed the precise localization of these different peaks or ratios; luminescence peaks of β‐TCP also allowed a clear differentiation of the material from bone.
Development of dispersive solid phase extraction utilizing folic acid as an efficient and green sorbent followed by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the extraction of some plasticizers from aqueous samples
Authors: Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Niazi Shokoufeh , Sattari Dabbagh Masoumeh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this investigation, folic acid has been used as an efficient and green sorbent in dispersive solid phase extraction for the extraction of di(2‐ethylhexyl) adipate and three phthalate esters from the plastic‐packed liquids before their determination with gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection. This is the first report on the application of pure folic acid as a sorbent. In this work, limits of detection and quantification were in the ranges of 0.13‐0.46 and 0.43‐1.50 µg/L, respectively. Relative standard deviations were in the ranges of 2‐5% for intra‐ (n = 6) and 4‐7% for interday (n = 4) precisions at a concentration of 20 µg/L for each analyte. Enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were obtained in the ranges of 365‐670 and 45‐84%, respectively. Efficiency of the method was evaluated by analyzing the analytes in various plastic‐packed liquids.
Determination of bioactive compounds in the nonmedicinal parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and chemometric analysis
Authors: Li Hui‐wei , Liu Pei , Zhang Huang‐qin , Feng Wei‐meng , Yan Hui , Guo Sheng , Qian Da‐wei , Duan Jin‐ao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough Scrophulariae Radix (root of Scrophularia ningpoensis) has received much attention, little is known about the nonmedicinal parts of S. ningpoensis. A comprehensive evaluation of the multibioactive constituents in the flowers, rhizomes, leaves, and stems of S. ningpoensis during different growth stages would be of value to fully understand the potential medicinal properties of all parts of the plant. Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was performed for accurately determining nine compounds in S. ningpoensis. The results indicated the content of total analytes in S. ningpoensis was in the order of flowers (81.82 mg/g) > roots (31.95 mg/g) > rhizomes (26.68 mg/g) > leaves (16.86 mg/g) > stems (14.35 mg/g). The chemometric analysis showed that these plant parts were rich in iridoids and should not be discarded during the processing of medicinal materials. Dynamic accumulation analysis suggested that the early flowering stage was the optimum time for harvesting flowers and appropriate amounts of stems and leaves. Moreover, considering the accumulation of constituents and biomass of medicinal materials, the medicinal parts should be harvested around December with the rhizomes attached. This research provides a theoretical basis and scientific evidence for comprehensive development and utilization of S. ningpoensis resources.
An Experimental Model of Human Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Bridge to Clinical Insights
Authors: Uloza Virgilijus , Kuzminienė Alina , Palubinskienė Jolita , Balnytė Ingrida , Ulozienė Ingrida , Valančiūtė Angelija 
Published: September 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the growth pattern of recurrent respiratory papilloma (RRP) implants on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) and to evaluate possible associations between the clinical course of the disease and the behavior of experimentally implanted RRP tumors.Study DesignExperimental study.MethodsFresh 172 RRP tissue samples from 12 patients were implanted onto chick embryo CAMs. Morphological and morphometric analysis of the experimental CAM and chorionic epithelium was performed. The microvascular network of the CAM with the RRP implant was investigated under the effect of fluoresceinated anionic dextran. The peculiarities of the clinical course of the disease were evaluated.ResultsThe implanted RRP tissue samples survived on CAMs in 86% of cases, retaining their essential morphologic characteristics and proliferative capacity of the original tumor. Implants induced thickening of both the CAM and the chorionic epithelium, but none of the RRP implants crossed the basement membrane of the hosting CAM. A “crawling film” of acellular material with newly formed papilloma sprouts located on the outer chorionic epithelium of the CAM was detected. Direct association between a recurrence rate of RRP and the number of newly formed papilloma sprouts around the implanted tumor on CAMs was revealed.ConclusionThe chicken embryo CAM‐based model is appropriate for investigations of RRP and facilitates the understanding of tumor biology and the clinical course of the disease, thus providing the basis for further research and acceleration of the identification and development of new specific therapeutic compounds that limit the spread and recurrence of RRP.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 131:E914–E920, 2021
Neural Representations of the Voice Tremor Spectrum
Authors: de Lima Xavier Laura , Simonyan Kristina 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesVoice tremor is a common movement disorder that manifests as involuntary oscillations of laryngeal muscles, leading to rhythmic alterations in voice pitch and loudness. Differential diagnosis of essential tremor of voice (ETv) is often challenging and includes dystonic tremor of voice (DTv), which is characterized by irregular, isometric contractions of laryngeal muscles during dystonic activity. Although clinical characteristics of voice tremor are well described, the pathophysiology underlying its heterogeneous phenomenology remains limited.MethodsWe used a multimodal approach of functional magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of brain activity during symptomatic speech production, high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging for the examination of cortical thickness and gray matter volume, and diffusion‐weighted imaging for evaluation of white matter integrity to identify disorder‐specific neural alterations and their relationships with the symptomatology of ETv and DTv.ResultsWe found a broad overlap between cortical alterations in ETv and DTv, involving sensorimotor regions responsible for the integration of multisensory information during speech production, such as primary sensorimotor, inferior/superior parietal, and inferior temporal cortices. In addition, ETv and DTv showed unique patterns of abnormalities in regions controlling speech motor preparation, which were localized in the cerebellum in ETv and the premotor cortex, insula, and superior temporal gyrus in DTv. Neural alterations in superior parietal and inferior temporal cortices were correlated with ETv severity, whereas changes in the left premotor cortex were associated with DTv severity.ConclusionsOur findings point to the pathophysiological spectrum underlying ETv and DTv and favor a more heterogeneous rather than dichotomous diagnostic classification of these voice tremor disorders. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
An unequal power divider based on ridge gap waveguide with an inserted conductor plate
Authors: Quan Yu , Yang Jian , Wang Hao , Zaman Ashraf Uz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA novel unequal power divider based on ridge gap waveguide is proposed and investigated in this paper. The half‐height pin gap waveguide structure is applied to acquire the required stopband. The whole divider can be divided into three parts. The first part is the core of the divider which is a gap waveguide transmission line with a thin inserted conductor plate (ICP). The ICP is printed on a thin substrate for the mechanical feasibility and stability. The position of the ICP can be changed to adjust the power division ratio (PDR). The ICP separates the divider into two different layers. Then, the second and third parts are transitions from top layer and bottom layer to normal gap waveguide transmission lines. Two power dividers with different PDRs of 1:2 and 1:4 working at 28 GHz are designed and manufactured to verify this topology.
Micro‐Doppler effect removal for inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging based on augmented Lagrange multipliers
Authors: Hongxin Yang , Fulin Su 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMicro‐Doppler (MD) effect may decrease the readability of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging results, so it is more desirable to solve the problem of MD effect removal. To overcome this issue, a new algorithm based on Augmented Lagrange Multipliers (ALM) is proposed in this paper. In our study, the MD effect in ISAR image is proven to be of low‐rank. Therefore, the MD effect can be removed by the ALM algorithm. In addition to being capable of separating the MD effect from ISAR image, the proposal is robust to a low signal to noise ratio (SNR). Comprehensive experiments are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A novel minimally invasive dynamic‐shield, intensity‐modulated brachytherapy system for the treatment of cervical cancer
Authors: Morcos Marc , Antaki Majd , Viswanathan Akila N. , Enger Shirin A. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeTo present a novel, MRI‐compatible dynamicshield intensity modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) applicator and delivery system using 192Ir, 75Se, and 169Yb radioisotopes for the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Needle‐free IMBT is a promising technique for improving target coverage and organs at risk (OAR) sparing.Methods and materialsThe IMBT delivery system dynamically controls the rotation of a novel tungsten shield placed inside an MRI‐compatible, 6‐mm wide intrauterine tandem. Using 36 cervical cancer cases, conventional intracavitary brachytherapy (IC‐BT) and intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy (IC/IS‐BT) (10Ci 192Ir) plans were compared to IMBT (10Ci 192Ir; 11.5Ci 75Se; 44Ci 169Yb). All plans were generated using the Geant4‐based Monte Carlo dose calculation engine, RapidBrachyMC. Treatment plans were optimized then normalized to the same high‐risk clinical target volume (HR‐CTV) D90 and the D2cc for bladder, rectum, and sigmoid in the research brachytherapy planning system, RapidBrachyMCTPS. Plans were renormalized until either of the three OAR reached dose limits to calculate the maximum achievable HR‐CTV D90 and D98.ResultsCompared to IC‐BT, IMBT with either of the three radionuclides significantly improves the HR‐CTV D90 and D98 by up to 5.2% ± 0.3% (P < 0.001) and 6.7% ± 0.5% (P < 0.001), respectively, with the largest dosimetric enhancement when using 169Yb followed by 75Se and then 192Ir. Similarly, D2cc for all OAR improved with IMBT by up to 7.7% ± 0.6% (P < 0.001). For IC/IS‐BT cases, needle‐free IMBT achieved clinically acceptable plans with 169Yb‐based IMBT further improving HR‐CTV D98 by 1.5% ± 0.2% (P = 0.034) and decreasing sigmoid D2cc by 1.9% ± 0.4% (P = 0.048). Delivery times for IMBT are increased by a factor of 1.7, 3.3, and 2.3 for 192Ir, 75Se, and 169Yb, respectively, relative to conventional 192Ir BT.ConclusionsDynamic shield IMBT provides a promising alternative to conventional IC‐ and IC/IS‐BT techniques with significant dosimetric enhancements and even greater improvements with intermediate energy radionuclides. The ability to deliver a highly conformal, OAR‐sparing dose without IS needles provides a simplified method for improving the therapeutic ratio less invasively and in a less resource intensive manner.
Reply to comments on “Explicit versus implicit front advancing schemes for the simulation of hydraulic fracture growth” (Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 2019, 43 (6), 1300–1315)” by Prof. Linkov
Authors: Zia Haseeb , Lecampion Brice 
Published: September 2020

SummaryWe reply to Prof. Linkov comments on our article entitled “Explicit versus implicit front advancing schemes for the simulation of hydraulic fracture growth” (Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 2019, 43 (6), 1300–1315). We present additional results indicating that both the implicit and explicit front advancement schemes are robust even in the case of a large stress contrast.
Stochastic recursive optimal control problem with mixed delay under viscosity solution's framework
Authors: Meng Weijun , Shi Jingtao 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article is concerned with the stochastic recursive optimal control problem with mixed delay. The connection between Pontryagin's maximum principle and Bellman's dynamic programming principle is discussed. Without containing any derivatives of the value function, relations among the adjoint processes and the value function are investigated by employing the notions of super‐ and sub‐jets introduced in defining the viscosity solutions. Stochastic verification theorem is also given to verify whether a given admissible control is really optimal.
Parental functioning during maintenance treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Effects of treatment intensity and dexamethasone pulses
Authors: Rensen Niki , Steur Lindsay M.H. , Grootenhuis Martha A. , van Eijkelenburg Natasha K.A. , van der Sluis Inge M. , Dors Natasja , van den Bos Cor , Tissing Wim J.E. , Kaspers Gertjan J.L. , van Litsenburg Raphaële R.L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring maintenance treatment, Dutch pediatric patients with medium‐risk (MR) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receive intravenous chemotherapy and cyclic dexamethasone. Dexamethasone affects child's sleep and behavior. Standard‐risk (SR) patients only receive oral chemotherapy, without dexamethasone. Effects of stratified therapy on parents are not well known. This study compares parental sleep, distress and quality of life (QoL) with the general population, between MR and SR groups, and on‐ and off‐dexamethasone (MR group).ProcedureOne year after diagnosis, parents of MR patients completed the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) sleep, distress thermometer for parents and Short Form‐12 (SF‐12) twice; once on‐dexamethasone and once off‐dexamethasone. SR parents completed one measurement. Sleep problems, distress and QoL scores (off‐dexamethasone) were compared to reference values and between MR and SR. Score differences on‐ and off‐dexamethasone were assessed by multilevel regression analysis.ResultsParents (80% mothers) of 121 patients (57% males; 75% MR, 25% SR) completed 191 measurements. Compared to reference values, parents reported more sleep disturbances, higher distress, and lower mental QoL. Additionally, MR parents reported clinical distress (score ≥ 4), whereas SR parents (on average) did not (mean 4.8 ± 2.4 vs 3.5 ± 2.4, P = .02). Within the MR group, outcomes did not significantly differ on‐ and off‐dexamethasone.ConclusionsParents of ALL patients report sleep problems, high distress, and QoL impairment. Within the MR group, parental functioning did not differ on‐ and off‐dexamethasone. However, MR parents reported clinical distress more often than SR parents, possibly reflecting differences in prognostic estimates and treatment burden. This perhaps includes the overall strain of cyclic dexamethasone. This study highlights the need for psychosocial support throughout treatment, regardless of risk stratification.
Bioresorbable and degradable behaviors of PGA: Current state and future prospects
Authors: Low Yan Jie , Andriyana Andri , Ang Bee Chin , Zainal Abidin Nor Ishida 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPolyglycolic acid (PGA) is a class of semicrystalline, bioresorbable polymers that have been widely used in a number of applications. No other bioresorbable materials can fully replace PGA in tissue engineering. Understanding degradation mechanisms in PGA is important for improving the efficiency and effectiveness in various fields including implantation. This review begins with a discussion on terminology of polymer degradation and hydrolytic degradation mechanism with a delineative model. This review also focus on previous degradation studies taking advantage of its fast‐degrading behavior and the mechanism behind hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) being the sole solvent for PGA. Finally, the merits of PGA are discussed with many potential future applications along with their associated challenges.
Chemical degradation and failure analyses by acoustic emission of PP/EOC blends exposed to ultraviolet radiation
Authors: da Silva Jéssica Raquel M. B. , Cavalcanti Rebecca Stéfani F. B. , Rabello Marcelo S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, acoustic emission was used to investigate the effects of ultraviolet radiation on the mechanical behavior of blends of polypropylene (PP) with ethylene‐octene copolymer (EOC) containing photo stabilizers. Together with traditional techniques, like infrared spectroscopy and microscopy, the data obtained from acoustic emission helped the understanding of the failure caused by photodegradation and the influence of the stabilizing additives. Parameters like number and intensity of hits, released energy and acoustic events were recorded and related to the estate of the degradation and to the stress‐strain behavior. The results confirmed the high sensitivity of PP/EOC blends to ultraviolet and the better performance of stabilized compounds, especially when hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) were present. Acoustic emission experiments showed that in stabilized samples the crack propagation took place over a larger time interval, releasing more energy during failure and, hence, postponing the final fracture, from a few seconds for the neat blend to more than 500 seconds for the samples with 0.5% HALS.