bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Quality of Commercial Beef Cattle Feeds and Feed Ingredients Used in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamal MT , Hashem MA , Mamun M Al , Hossain MM , Razzaque MA , Ritu JH 
Published: September 2020

The study was undertaken to evaluate the quality of commercial beef cattle feed and feed ingredients which are available in Bangladesh. For this purpose, chemical analysis and in vitro digestibility (IVD) were estimated for nine commercial feeds and different feed ingredients which were collected from different regions. Chemical analysis of samples was carried out in triplicate for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. Metabolizable energy (ME) was calculated mathematically for feed samples by using standard formula. The analysis revealed the difference between the manufacturer’s claim and actual analyzed value. In commercial feeds DM content ranged from 90-92%. While CP content of commercial feeds was either lower or higher than the written value of feed industries. In Provita feed CP content (20.72%) was higher and Care feed had much lower CP content (7.54%) than written value. In vitro digestibility of DM in feed ingredients varied from 18.27 in straw to 75.77% in soybean meal. The fiber component (NDF and ADF) was negatively correlated with IVDMD and CP was positively correlated with IVDMD because fiber rich components were less digestible than the non-fibrous component (protein). Analysis of commercial feed samples revealed that the values claimed by the manufacturers are quite different from the actual analyzed values. This is a matter of concern and needs to be checked through better quality control measures by systematic feed analysis and ensure that manufacturers declare the true composition of the marketed feeds.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 197-208 (2020)
Effects of Turmeric Powder on Clostridium Perfringens Load in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ali MZ , Islam MM , Zaman S 
Published: September 2020

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a major economic problem in broiler industry globally and is caused by Clostridium perfringens. The aim of the study was to know the effects of turmeric on C. perfringens in broiler chickens. A total of 3000-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were divided into 6 groups and reared in environment control sheds with similar management. Each group contains 500 chicks and again divided into two subgroups as control and treatment with 250 chicks. In treatment groups added 2gm/kg turmeric powder with basal feeds and reared up to 30 days and follow standard vaccine schedule. Intestinal samples were collected every week from each group to detect C. perfringens load. Bodyweight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rates were also calculated. The findings were loads of C. perfringens in treatment groups decreased significantly compared to control groups. At 4th week average count of C. perfringens was 4.44±0.12 log CFU/g and 2.68±0.17 log CFU/g in control and treatment groups, respectively. Average chick’s mortality decreased significantly in treatment groups. The flock mortality was decreased significantly in treatment groups (1.40%) compared to control groups (2.17%). The FCR become significantly decreased in treatment groups (1.490) compared to control groups (1.571). Therefore, use of turmeric powder in broiler ration can reduce NE by decreasing C. perfringens loads and it could be a good source of non-antibiotic growth promoter in poultry towards reduce antibiotic resistance and consumer will get a pathogen free rich protein source.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 209-218 (2020)
Investigation of Shade Tree Species Used in Tea Garden in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MA , Moni ZR , Rahman MA , Nasreen S 
Published: September 2020

The shade trees are an integral component of tea cultivation in Bangladesh. The shade trees are essential for modulating the environment of the tea ecosystem, enriching the soil fertility, reducing temperature and the evaporative capacity, conserve soil moisture and helps in the control of certain pests and diseases which are positively thermotropic in nature. The shade trees provide partial shade to the tea plants, which is important for improving the quality of the tea leaf. The right type of shade trees and their proper management is a prerequisite for successful tea crop growing. For this persists, a floristic exploration of shade trees was carried out at fifteen tea gardens in Chattogram and Moulvibazar District of Bangladesh from November 2017 to December 2018. During the investigation, a total of 44 species of Angiosperm representing 31 genera of 9 families was enlisted. For every species, scientific name, vernacular name, status, and necessary photographs are mentioned. In the assessment, the Fabaceae family shows the highest number of shade trees comprising 19 genera and 31 species. The most common permanent shade tree species among the tea gardens are Albizia odoratissima, A. chinensis, A. lebbeck, A. lucidior, A. procera, and Derris robusta. Indigofera teysmannii is frequently using as a temporary shade species in all investigated tea gardens. Cajanus cajan, Tephrosia candida, Tephrosia candida, Gliricidia sepium, Erythrina lithosperma and Desmodium gyroides species are also used as temporary shade trees in many tea gardens. Further investigations, however,are required to find out the right type of shade tree species on the growth and yield of tea plants in tea cultivation areas of Bangladesh.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 219-237 (2020)
The Scenario of Seedling Production on Floating Beds in Few Selected Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Moniruzzaman M , Kabir MA , Shahjahan M 
Published: September 2020

The study was conducted to reveal various seedling production scenario on floating beds including environmental aspects associating seedling production. Data of various seeding production were collected from total 50 households (HHs) of two villages at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh by a pre-tested survey questionnaire. The study showed that 68% farmers did seedling production for business purpose, and 30% as both own and business. During floating cultivation on beds about 50% farmers used their own producing seed and 26% from market. The farmers cultivated 21 different types of vegetables and spices seedlings where highest number of seedling was Bottle gourd (19.11%) followed by Papaya (13.82%) and Chili (12.60%). They used urea as a common fertilizer on floating bed which enriched by TSP (46%) and DAP (40%) during cultivation. It was observed that 32% farmers did seedling cultivation solely as own source of money while 26% got the help from NGOs. After end of the cultivation, 25% beds were sold as compost fertilizer for winter cultivation, 5% were used as own field and 17% farmers utilized the fertilizer as both business and own purpose. The study also revealed that, about 64% of respondent farmers were not suffered by any environmental complications. Adopting modern agrotechnology and minimization of initial cost through subsidy can make this traditional Vasoman Chas has a sustainable agricultural practice.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 239-250 (2020)
Documentation of Indigenous Technical Knowledge and Their Application in Pest Management in Western Mid Hill of Nepal
Authors: Naharki K , Jaishi M 
Published: September 2020

Indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) are based on the experiences of the local people being passed on from one generation to next and has been used for management of pest since ancient times. A study was conducted to collect and document the ITK and their application in pest management from indigenous communities in western mid hill of Nepal. A total sample size of seventy-five respondents from the indigenous communities of Magar, Gurung, and Newar in Tanahun, Lamjung and Kaski districts of Nepal were interviewed with a semi structured questionnaire. The study revealed that subsistence farmers and semi commercial farmers usually made the most use of ITK while commercial farmers rarely used such indigenous knowledge. Use of ITK was highest (85%) by the subsistence farmers, followed by semi-commercial farmers (60%), and lowest (10%) by commercial farmers in pest management. The transfer of ITK was mostly found to be through past generations. The indigenous technological knowledge being applied in pest management should be documented, promoted, and encouraged in combination with scientific knowledge among the farming communities.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 251-261 (2020)
Bone mineral density and appendicular muscle mass in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Dobrovolskaya O. V. , Toroptsova N. V. , Cherkasova M. V. , Samarkina E. Yu. , Nikitinskaya O. A. , Dyomin N. V. 
Published: September 2020

Objective. To study the bone mineral density (BMD) and appendicular muscle mass (AMM), their interrelation and relationship with calcium intake and vitamin D level in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Material and methods. 43 women (mean age 57.5 ± 7.0 years) with confirmed RA were included. All patients were interviewed using a special questionnaire. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of lumbar spine, hip and total body was performed, and dietary calcium intake and vitamin D blood serum levels were assessed.Results. Reduced BMD was detected in 76.8% of patients, including osteoporosis (OP) – in 23.3%, and osteopenia – in 53.5% of women. Low AMM was found in 11.6%, and reduced appendicular muscle index (AMI) was found in 18.6% of the examined patients. Women with low BMD had significantly lower AMM and AMI scores than patients with normal BMD. The average calcium intake was 737 mg per day, while it was lower in patients with OP compared to those with normal BMD (p = 0.038). Among all women, 56% of individuals needed additional calcium supplementation. The average level of vitamin D in the blood serum was 20.8 ng/ml, with the incidence of insufficiency – 48.8%, and deficiency – 41.9% without significant differences between individuals with OP, osteopenia and normal BMD.Conclusion. In women with RA, reduced BMD was found in 76.8%, reduced AMM – in 11.6%, and low AMI – in 18.6% of cases. Patients with low BMD had lower AMM and AMI than women with normal BMD. Calcium intake was significantly lower in patients with OP compared to those with normal BMD.
Ultrasound characteristics of osteophytes in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Fairushina I. F. , Kirillova E. R. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Sukhorukova E. V. , Mukhametshina E. I. 
Published: September 2020

Objective. To assess the relationship between ultrasound and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and osteophytes detected by ultrasound (US).Methods. Data collection: demographical, clinical, antropometric (body mass index, BMI). US examination included 868 joints and 3348 entheses (bilateral shoulders, acromioclavicular joints, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, ankles; entheses at the projection of these joints (total number is 54). In the joints – synovitis count, Power Doppler (PD) + synovitis count (SC), the number of joints with osteophytes; in entheses – Grey Scale (GS) enthesitis count (EC), PD + EC, count of entheses with structural components (erosion, enthesophytes, calcification).Results. In all, 62 PsA patients were examined: 32 (51.6%) were women, mean age was 43.0 ± 10.4 years, the duration of PsA was 7 (3; 10) years. The number of joints with osteophytes was 314 of 868 (36.2%). US osteophytes were detected in 51 (82.3%) patients. The number of joints with osteophytes correlated with GS EC (r = 0.398; p < 0.01), PD + EC (r = 0.302; p < 0.05), SC (r = 0.425; p < 0.01), and PD + SC (r = 0.322; p < 0.05). Patients without osteophytes, with local and generalized osteophytes were comparable by sex and duration of the disease. In patients with generalized osteophytes, GS EC (p < 0.05), PD + SC (p < 0.05), SC (p < 0.01), comorbid pathology (p < 0.05), BMI (p < 0.05) were significantly higher.Conclusion. The frequency of osteophytes in patients with PsA was high. The number of synovitis and enthesitis, both GC and PD+, was more common in patients with generalized osteophytes, which probably suggests an important role of entheseal and synovial inflammation in PsA in the development of osteophytes. BMI and the frequency of comorbidities in patients with generalized osteophytes were higher.
An Investigation into KLK5, KLK6 and KLK7 Expressions in Intracranial Tumors
Authors: TURNA Gamze , KILIC Nedret , KURT Gokhan , DOGULU Fikret , CEVIKER Necdet 
Published: September 2020

Aim: Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are a subgroup of serine proteases which consists of 15 genes located on the 19th (19q13.3-4) chromosome. Previous studies have shown that kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) associated with a variety of cancer types. However, few studies have investigated the role of KLKs in diagnosis and prognosis in intracranial tumors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine expression level changes of KLK5, KLK6 and KLK7 in intracranial tumors.
Materials and methods: Meningioma grade I (n=15) and glioblastoma multiforme (n=15) tumor samples were examined for KLK5, KLK6 and KLK7 mRNA gene expression using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Their protein expression were determined using Western blotting.
Results: KLK5 and KLK7 mRNAs and proteins are expressed more frequently in meningioma group whereas KLK6 mRNA and proteins are expressed more frequently in glioblastoma group.
Conclusion: To conclude, when meningioma and glioblastoma groups were compared, it was found that there were differences in mRNA and protein expression levels of KLK5, KLK6 and KLK7. These genes may have a potential as a new biomarker for diagnosis in intracranial tumors.
TEKNOLOGI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT UDANG YANG DIOPTIMALKAN KEGUNAANNYA DALAM BERBAGAI BIDANG
Authors: Iyan Iyan , Sari Dessy Agustina 
Published: September 2020

Indonesia terkenal dengan hasil maritimnya yang sangat kaya, banyak hasil laut yang bisa dikelola dalam berbagai bidangnya seperti pangan, kosmetik dan lainnya. Kulit udang di Indonesia sebagai limbah sampingan dari produksi udang baku yang dimanfaatkan dalam aspek kehidupan. Peneliti dalam penelitiannya banyak menggunakan teknologi dan metode untuk mengelola limbah kulit udang yang tidak terpakai yang dijadikan berbagai macam hasil prodak yang bernilai. Kitin dan kitosan yang dimanfaatkan dari limbah kulit udang. Kitin dan kitosan tersebut merupakan polimer alam yang keberadaan di alam sangat melimpah. Kitin dan kitosan dapat dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai bidang misalnya industri, pangan kosmetik, dan kesehatan. Kitosan diperoleh dari mentransformasikan kitin dengan larutan basa konsentrasi tinggi, dari kitosan yang dihasilkan oleh kitin dapat memunsulkan pemanfaatan lain seperti membuat membran ultrafiltrasi untuk penyaring dalm proses pemisahan air, edible coating berperan sebagai lapisan tipis untuk menjaga buah buahan tetap segar, dan glukosamin untuk menjaga kesehatan sendi.
TEKNOLOGI DAN METODE PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR SEBAGAI PENCEGAHAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Suherman Suci Dhiya Mayra , Firdaus Muhammad Arif , Ryansyah Muhammad Hafidz Dwiky , Sari Dessy Agustina 
Published: September 2020

Pengolahan limbah cair sebagai pencegahan pencemaran lingkungan, limbah cair memiliki tingkat pencemaran yang tinggi, limbah cair juga mempunyai kandungan BOD dan COD yang tinggi dan bila tidak diolah akan merusak lingkungan. Kegiatan pengolahan limbah cair bertujuan untuk mereduksi volume, agar mempermudah dalam penanganan dalam pengolahan selanjutnya. Pengolahan limbah cair harus dilengkapi dengan fasilitas yang menunjang sesuai dengan ketentuan, memenuhi frekuensi dalam pengambilan sampel limbah cair, memenuhi baku mutu efluen limbah cair, dan memenuhi penataan pelaporan hasil uji laboratorium limbah cair. Berbagai metode teknologi pengolahan limbah cair telah dikembangkan seperti elektrokoagulasi, advance oxidation process (AOP), reaktor microbial fuel cells (MFCs), elektrokoagulasi, proses film mikrobiologis (Biofilm), serta rotating biological contactors (RBC), Plasma Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD), teknologi membran.
Pembuatan Dan Pengujian Alat Praktikum Penukar Kalor Tipe Double Pipe
Authors: Setiawan Reza , Fajar Surya Ma’rufi , Fahriani Vera Pangni 
Published: September 2020

Perpindahan panas telah menjadi matakuliah dibeberapa program studi teknik diseluruh indonesia. Selain itu, matakuliah penukar kalor juga telah banyak dibuka sebagai matakuliah pilihan dibeberapa universitas. Namun, konsep perpindahan panas khususnya pada konduksi dan konveksi pada aplikasi penukar kalor yang bersifat abstak masih sulit dimengerti sebagian mahaiswa. Perlu dibuatnya alat praktikum penukar kalor untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fenomena perpindahan panas konduksi dan konveksi pada penukar kalor. Double tube dipilih karena merupakan jenis penukar kalor yang sederhana dan mudah untuk dibuat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan alur kegiatan studi literatur, perancangan alat, desain alat, pembuatan alat, pengujian alat dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa alat penukar kalor tipe double tube yang dibuat telah bekerja baik dengan variabel-variabel dalam praktikum yang dapat diatur adalah variasi aliran counter flow dan parallel flow, variasi material tembaga dan almunium, variasi media pendingin air, oli, dan coolant, variasi laju aliran dan variasi temperatur.
The Study Of Potential Agroecosystems And Management In Watershed Of Indragiri In Sangau Village District Kuantan Mudik
Authors: Seprido Seprido 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian tentang kajian potensi agroekosistem dan pengelolaannya di kawasan DAS Indragiri di desa Sangau Kecamatan Kuantan Mudik ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi unsur-unsur agroekosistem DAS dan mengkaji permasalahan yang ada pada kawasan DAS Indragiri sebagai informasi untuk menentukan langkah-langkah alternatif untuk optimalisasi pemanfaatan kawasan DAS Indrgiri yang berkelanjutan di Desa Sangau. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari –April 2017. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan metode survey yakni dengan melakukan survey kelapangan serta wawancara dengan masyarakat seedangkan data sekunder didapatkan melalui penelusuran internet. Analisi yang digunakan adalah kombinasi deskriptif dan eksploratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kegiatan pertanian sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan pada areal DAS Indragiri di Desa Sangau. Adanya sikap yang kurang proaktif dari masyarakat serta belum sesuainya dengan prinsip prinsip berkelanjutan menyebabkan penurunan produksi pada sector pertanian ini. Pemanfaatan daerah aliran sungai dengan mengikuti konsep agroekosistem dan melibatkan peran stakeholder dapat meningkatkan potensi agroekosistem dan juga dapat memberikan manfaat peningkatan ekonomi dan keberlanjutan lingkungan bagi masyarakat.
Correlation and Path Analysis Quantitative Character of 20 Genotype Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Yunandra Yunandra , Syukur Muhamad , Zuhry Elza , Deviona Deviona , Deviona Deviona 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Chili high yield is the target of plant breeding. High yielding chili selection can be done through direct selection of yield characters and indirectly through other characters. Indirect selection is more efficient than the selection of one character. This research aims to study the relationship between quantitative characters with yield as well as obtaining the selection criteria. Correlation analysis results showed that the fruit weight, fruit diameter, pericarp thickness, leaf width, and leaf length were positively correlated and were very significant on yield. Based on the path analysis, characters that have a positive direct effect on yield are fruit weight, fruit diameter, leaf width, and leaf length, while pericarp thickness had a negative direct effect but had a large indirect effect on yield.
Isolation And Identification Of Carried Seed Fungus Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. Ex Benth
Authors: Kurniati Era Kurniati , Zul Delita , Tjahyono Budi 
Published: September 2020

Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh cendawan pada bibit Acacia crassicarpa (Akasia) sangat berpotensi menimbulkan kerusakan pada bibit dan dapat terbawa benih. Bentuk kerusakan karena serangan patogen sangat bervariasi, bergantung pada jenis patogen, benih dan faktor lingkungan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk isolasi dan identifikasi patogen terbawa benih Akasia. Benih yang digunakan sebagai sumber isolat yaitu benih yang disimpan di Dry Cold Storage (DCS) dengan tahun panen benih 2012, 2015 dan 2016. Isolasi cendawan dari benih dilakukan dengan meletakkan benih di atas medium agar PPA dan dipurifikasi pada medisum PSA. Karakterisasi secara mikroskopik menunjukkan bahwa cendawan yang diisolasi terdiri dari 4 genus, yaitu Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Penicillium dan Fusarium. Isolat yang secara mikroskopis termasuk genus Fusarium diidentifikasi secara molekuler berdasarkan Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). Hasil BLAST menunjukkan bahwa sekuen (ITS) isolat 2012 dan 2016 dengan ukuran 570-580 bp memiliki kemiripan paling dekat dengan cendawan kelompok Fusarium sp. Nilai max identity isolat uji sebesar 88,87% (isolat 2012) dan 87,55% (isolat 2016). Hasil uji patogenisitas cendawan Fusarium sp. secara in vitro menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada gejala nekrosis yang muncul selama pengamatan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Fusarium yang diisolasi diduga tidak bersifat patogen.
Generational Analysis of Generations of M2 and M3 of Green Beans crop (Vigna radiata L.) Gamma-ray Radiation Results
Authors: Yanti Fitri , Rasyad Aslim , Herman Herman 
Published: September 2020

The objective of this research was to determine phenotypic variability of mung bean M2 and M3 Mutant populations resulted from gamma ray irradiation. The Field experiment was conducted by using a completely randomized design in which three populations including M2, M3 and the parent (M0) were planted in 2017. Each population was planted in a plot of 3 m x 2 m with planting space of 30 cm x 20 cm to obtain 100 individual plant per plot. Every population was repeated 5 times so to get 500 plants per population. Observations were collected on all individuals in the population including plant height, number of stem internodes, length of internode, number of primary branches, age of flowering plants, date of harvest, length of pods, number of filled pods, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per plants, and weights of 100 seeds. The results showed that gamma ray irradiation produced mung bean plants with a similar date of harvest. It could be seen from mean values ​​which were not significantly different, the values ​​of diversity, and range were almost equal which indicates the diversity of M2, M3 and M0 populations was relatively similar to the control. M2 and M3 generation of mung bean have large and high quality seeds weighing more than 6.5 g/100 seeds. The homogeneity of variance (HOV) analysis showed that variance of all population of all parameters observed were not homogeny except for plant height, number of stem internode and weight of 100 seeds.