bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Phys-Can observational study: adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with a reduction whereas physical activity level before start of treatment is associated with maintenance of maximal oxygen uptake in patients with cancer
Authors: Wiestad Tor Helge , Raastad Truls , Nordin Karin , Igelström Helena , Henriksson Anna , Demmelmaier Ingrid , Berntsen Sveinung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant therapy may cause multiple sideeffects on long term health, including reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in patients with breast cancer (1, 2). However, there is currently limited knowledge regarding the effect of different types of adjuvant cancer treatment on CRF in other cancer populations. The primary objective of the present study was to assess whether previously known correlates (age, diagnosis, initial CRF, physical activity level), type of adjuvant treatment and cancer-related fatigue were associated with changes in$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxin patients with breast, prostate or colorectal cancer.MethodsProspective study with two time points of assessment, 85 patients scheduled for adjuvant cancer treatment were included. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by$$ \dot{\ V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxduring a maximal incremental exercise test on a treadmill before start of adjuvant therapy and again six months later. Physical activity level was recorded with a physical activity monitor (Sense Wear™ Mini) at baseline as average minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) per day. Physical fatigue at baseline was reported using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 questionaire.ResultsIn multivariate linear regression analysis, 30 min higher daily MVPA at baseline was associated with a 5% higher$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxat six months follow up when adjusted for adjuvant treatment (P = 0.010). Patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had a mean decline in$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxof 10% (− 19, − 1; 95% confidence interval) compared to patients receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment (P = 0.028). Adjuvant radiotherapy, fatigue, age and diagnosis were not significantly associated with changes in$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2max.ConclusionThe results of the present study indicate that adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with a subsequent reduction in$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxin patients with cancer whereas MVPA before start of adjuvant treatment is positively associated with a higher$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxafter end of adjuvant treatment.
Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental study of the surface-display of SPA protein via Lpp-OmpA system for screening of IgG
Authors: Vahed M. , Ramezani F. , Tafakori V. , Mirbagheri V. S. , Najafi A. , Ahmadian G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStaphylococcal protein A (SpA) is a major virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus is able to escape detection by the immune system by the surface display of protein A. The SpA protein is broadly used to purify immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. This study investigates the fusion ability of Lpp′-OmpA (46–159) to anchor and display five replicate domains of protein A with 295 residues length (SpA295) of S. aureus on the surface of Escherichia coli to develop a novel bioadsorbent. First, the binding between Lpp’-OmpA-SPA295 and IgGFc and the three-dimensional structure was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. Then high IgG recovery from human serum by the surface-displayed system of Lpp′-OmpA-SPA295 performed experimentally. In silico analysis was demonstrated the binding potential of SPA295 to IgG after expression on LPP-OmpA surface. Surface-engineered E. coli displaying SpA protein and IgG-binding assay with SDS-PAGE analysis exhibited high potential of the expressed complex on the E. coli surface for IgG capture from human serum which is applicable to conventional immune precipitation.
Task offloading and resource allocation for UAV-assisted mobile edge computing with imperfect channel estimation over Rician fading channels
Authors: Wang Guangying , Yu Xiangbin , Xu Fangcheng , Cai Jiali 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we develop task offloading and resource allocation scheme for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) system with channel estimation errors over Rician fading channels. The objective is to maximize the system utility with constrained network stability, transmit power, and data arrival rate. We consider a general multi-user UAV-assisted MEC system based on frequency division multiple access (FDMA), and we assume that the computation tasks are split into separate tasks and offloaded to the server for computing. We study stochastic computational resource management based on the Lyapunov optimization algorithm. The optimal transmit power and bandwidth allocation for computation offloading are obtained alternately, and the optimal computation task admission at each time slot and the optimal value of the auxiliary variable are derived. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in the paper and evaluate the influence of various parameters to the system performance.
Fostering social innovation and building adaptive capacity for dengue control in Cambodia: a case study
Authors: Echaubard Pierre , Thy Chea , Sokha Soun , Srun Set , Nieto-Sanchez Claudia , Grietens Koen Peters , Juban Noel R. , Mier-Alpano Jana , Deacosta Sucelle , Sami Mojgan , Braack Leo , Ramirez Bernadette , Hii Jeffrey 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The social-ecological systems theory, with its unique conception of resilience (social-ecological systems & resilience, SESR), provides an operational framework that currently best meets the need for integration and adaptive governance as encouraged by the Sustainable Development Goals. SESR accounts for the complex dynamics of social-ecological systems and operationalizes transdisciplinarity by focusing on community engagement, value co-creation, decentralized leadership and social innovation. Targeting Social Innovation (SI) in the context of implementation research for vector-borne diseases (VBD) control offers a low-cost strategy to contribute to lasting and contextualized community engagement in disease control and health development in low and middle income countries of the global south. In this article we describe the processes of community engagement and transdisciplinary collaboration underpinning community-based dengue management in rural primary schools and households in two districts in Cambodia.

Methods
Multiple student-led and community-based interventions have been implemented focusing on empowering education, communication for behavioral change and participatory epidemiology mapping in order to engage Cambodian communities in dengue control. We describe in particular the significance of the participatory processes that have contributed to the design of SI products that emerged following iterative consultations with community stakeholders to address the dengue problem.

Results
The SI products that emerged following our interaction with community members are 1) adult mosquito traps made locally from solid waste collections, 2) revised dengue curriculum with hands-on activities for transformative learning, 3) guppy distribution systems led by community members, 4) co-design of dengue prevention communication material by students and community members, 5) community mapping.

Conclusions
The initiative described in this article put in motion processes of community engagement towards creating ownership of dengue control interventions tools by community stakeholders, including school children. While the project is ongoing, the project’s interventions so far implemented have contributed to the emergence of culturally relevant SI products and provided initial clues regarding 1) the conditions allowing SI to emerge, 2) specific mechanisms by which it happens and 3) how external parties can facilitate SI emergence. Overall there seems to be a strong argument to be made in supporting SI as a desirable outcome of project implementation towards building adaptive capacity and resilience and to use the protocol supporting this project implementation as an operational guiding document for other VBD adaptive management in the region.
The biological function and clinical significance of SF3B1 mutations in cancer
Authors: Zhou Zhixia , Gong Qi , Wang Yin , Li Mengkun , Wang Lu , Ding Hongfei , Li Peifeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpliceosome mutations have become the most interesting mutations detected in human cancer in recent years. The spliceosome, a large, dynamic multimegadalton small nuclear ribonucleoprotein composed of small nuclear RNAs associated with proteins, is responsible for removing introns from precursor mRNA (premRNA) and generating mature, spliced mRNAs. SF3B1 is the largest subunit of the spliceosome factor 3b (SF3B) complex, which is a core component of spliceosomes. Recurrent somatic mutations in SF3B1 have been detected in human cancers, including hematological malignancies and solid tumors, and indicated to be related to patient prognosis. This review summarizes the research progress of SF3B1 mutations in cancer, including SF3B1 mutations in the HEAT domain, the multiple roles and aberrant splicing events of SF3B1 mutations in the pathogenesis of tumors, and changes in mutated cancer cells regarding sensitivity to SF3B small-molecule inhibitors. In addition, the potential of SF3B1 or its mutations to serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cancer is discussed. The accumulated knowledge about SF3B1 mutations in cancer provides critical insight into the integral role the SF3B1 protein plays in mRNA splicing and suggests new targets for anticancer therapy.
Foraging movements of breeding Kelp Gulls in South Africa
Authors: Reusch Katharina , Suárez Nicolás , Ryan Peter G. , Pichegru Lorien 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundKelp GullsLarus dominicanusare one of the most abundant gulls in the Southern Hemisphere and can play an important role in their ecosystem. Understanding their foraging ecology is therefore important, especially in the context of anthropogenic changes of the environment. Over 35,000 Kelp Gulls breed in South Africa but little is known about their habitat use. It has been hypothesised that foraging mainly occurs in natural habitats while provisioning chicks to ensure high quality food, but knowledge on their foraging ecology during the incubation period remains poor.MethodsWe tracked incubating Kelp Gulls from six colonies distributed along the coast of South Africa, varying in their distance to urban areas and landfills, and compared foraging trip patterns and habitat selection between colonies.ResultsGulls from west coast colonies, generally located further from landfills than the other studied colonies, travelled farther from their breeding sites (11.7 ± 9.9–17.8 ± 21.7 km,n = 3 colonies) than birds from Cape Town and south and east coast colonies (1.7 ± 0.8–3.1 ± 3.7 km,n = 3) with birds travelling farthest when foraging at sea. Gulls from all colonies spent more time foraging in marine, coastal, and natural terrestrial environments than scavenging in strongly modified habitats while incubating.ConclusionsOur results suggest that Kelp Gulls in South Africa are able to exploit various resources from different foraging habitats, regardless of colony location and seem to rely less on anthropogenic habitats than expected.
CNN-based framework using spatial dropping for enhanced interpretation of neural activity in motor imagery classification
Authors: Collazos-Huertas D. F. , Álvarez-Meza A. M. , Acosta-Medina C. D. , Castaño-Duque G. A. , Castellanos-Dominguez G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInterpretation of brain activity responses using motor imagery (MI) paradigms is vital for medical diagnosis and monitoring. Assessed by machine learning techniques, identification of imagined actions is hindered by substantial intra- and inter-subject variability. Here, we develop an architecture of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with an enhanced interpretation of the spatial brain neural patterns that mainly contribute to the classification of MI tasks. Two methods of 2D-feature extraction from EEG data are contrasted: Power Spectral Density and Continuous Wavelet Transform. For preserving the spatial interpretation of extracting EEG patterns, we project the multi-channel data using a topographic interpolation. Besides, we include a spatial dropping algorithm to remove the learned weights that reflect the localities not engaged with the elicited brain response. We evaluate two labeled scenarios of MI tasks: bi-class and three-class. Obtained results in an MI database show that the thresholding strategy combined with Continuous Wavelet Transform improves the accuracy and enhances the interpretability of CNN architecture, showing that the highest contribution clusters over the sensorimotor cortex with a differentiated behavior of rhythms $$\mu $$
μ
and $$\beta $$
β
.
Solar Ultraviolet Exposure in Individuals Who Perform Outdoor Sport Activities
Authors: Snyder Alan , Valdebran Manuel , Terrero David , Amber Kyle T. , Kelly Kristen M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundSkin cancer is the most common cancer in the USA. Therefore, it is important to review the contribution of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure to skin cancer in individuals with the highest risk. Documenting the relationship between outdoor sports solar ultraviolet exposure and their risk of skin cancer along with appropriate risk mitigation strategies can help inform clinicians of practical information for counseling sun protective behaviors in this population.MethodsWe conducted a review of the current evidence using PubMed to answer the following research questions: (1) How is ultraviolet radiation measured? (2) What is the modern utility of the ultraviolet index in modifying recreational sun protection behaviors? (3) What is the risk of developing skin cancer for outdoor sport participants? (4) What is the prevalence of skin cancer in sport participants? and (5) Is the number of nevi and solar lentigines elevated in outdoor sport participants?ResultsBased on the literature, individuals who practice outdoor sport-related activities receive high ultraviolet radiation exposure, have a high risk for skin cancer, have a high prevalence for pigmented lesions, and may benefit from electronic sun protection educational interventions.ConclusionsIndividuals who practice outdoor sports experience substantially higher ultraviolet radiation exposure, routinely exceed the recommended exposure limits, and are at a higher risk of developing skin cancer. Therefore, those who are frequently engaged in outdoor leisure activities should be coached about efficient sun protective practices and relevant mobile technologies that may facilitate adherence.
Informing the development of an E-platform for monitoring wellbeing in schools: involving young people in a co-design process
Authors: Grant Claire , Widnall Emily , Cross Lauren , Simonoff Emily , Downs Johnny 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of new technologies and methodologies in young people’s mental health research is needed to allow more frequent and reliable sampling. Mobile applications and e-platforms create exciting potential for the collection of large-scale cohort data, however there are various feasibility and ethical issues to consider. Consultation with young people is needed to inform the research agenda, and ensure these technologies are engaging, useful and safe. This article describes the process of Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) with a sample of young people in London, with the aim of i) informing the development of a mood-monitoring e-platform, and ii) providing feedback and advice for researchers developing web-based technologies in the mental health field.MethodsA total of 26 young people were consulted across four advisory group co-design sessions. All young people were students enrolled at one of the participating London based sixth form colleges, and voluntarily attended a workshop session. Audio recordings of the sessions were analysed using a thematic analysis framework.ResultsWe found that young people were engaged in discussions around mobile health technologies and valued the opportunity to collaborate throughout the early stages of the development process The advisory groups identified key considerations for future web-development work to encourage engagement and prolonged use, including, the promotion of trust and transparency, consideration of accessibility, provision of support, production of engaging and functional design, and acknowledgment of specific contextual influences surrounding young people’s wellbeing.ConclusionsInvolving young people in the development process of e-health technologies contributes to optimising the successful adoption and prolonged usage of new methodologies. The thematic map and informant examples can be used to guide researchers interested in developing web-based technologies in the mental health field and will be directly applicable to the development of a mood-monitoring e-platform.
A seven-gene signature model predicts overall survival in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ling , Xiang Zijin , Chen Xueru , Zhu Xiuting , Peng Xiangdong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is a potentially fatal urogenital disease. It is a major cause of renal cell carcinoma and is often associated with late diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. More evidence is emerging that genetic models can be used to predict the prognosis of KIRC. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting the overall survival of KIRC patients.

Results
We identified 333 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between KIRC and normal tissues from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We randomly divided 591 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) into training and internal testing sets. In the training set, we used univariate Cox regression analysis to retrieve the survival-related DEGs and futher used multivariate Cox regression with the LASSO penalty to identify potential prognostic genes. A seven-gene signature was identified that included APOLD1, C9orf66, G6PC, PPP1R1A, CNN1G, TIMP1, and TUBB2B. The seven-gene signature was evaluated in the training set, internal testing set, and external validation using data from the ICGC database. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the high risk group had a significantly shorter overall survival time than the low risk group in the training, testing, and ICGC datasets. ROC analysis showed that the model had a high performance with an AUC of 0.738 in the training set, 0.706 in the internal testing set, and 0.656 in the ICGC external validation set.

Conclusion
Our findings show that a seven-gene signature can serve as an independent biomarker for predicting prognosis in KIRC patients.
Low-grade Cortisol Cosecretion Has Limited Impact on ACTH-stimulated AVS Parameters in Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: O’Toole Samuel Matthew , Sze Wing-Chiu Candy , Chung Teng-Teng , Akker Scott Alexander , Druce Maralyn Rose , Waterhouse Mona , Pitkin Sarah , Dawnay Anne , Sahdev Anju , Matson Matthew , Parvanta Laila , Drake William Martyn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
In primary aldosteronism, cosecretion of cortisol may alter cortisol-derived adrenal venous sampling indices.

Objective
To identify whether cortisol cosecretion in primary aldosteronism alters adrenal venous sampling parameters and interpretation.

Design
Retrospective case–control study

Setting
A tertiary referral center

Patients
144 adult patients with primary aldosteronism who had undergone both adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulated adrenal venous sampling and dexamethasone suppression testing between 2004 and 2018.

Main Outcome Measures
Adrenal venous sampling indices including adrenal vein aldosterone/cortisol ratios and the selectivity, lateralization, and contralateral suppression indices.

Results
21 (14.6%) patients had evidence of cortisol cosecretion (defined as a failure to suppress cortisol to ≤50 nmol/L post dexamethasone). Patients with evidence of cortisol cosecretion had a higher inferior vena cava cortisol concentration (P = .01) than those without. No difference was observed between the groups in terms of selectivity index, lateralization index, lateralization of aldosterone excess, or adrenal vein cannulation rate.

Conclusions
Cortisol cosecretion alters some parameters in adrenocorticotrophic hormone-stimulated adrenal venous sampling but does not result in alterations in patient management.
Association Between Body Size Phenotypes and Subclinical Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rossello Xavier , Fuster Valentin , Oliva Belén , Sanz Javier , Fernández Friera Leticia A , López-Melgar Beatriz , Mendiguren José María , Lara-Pezzi Enrique , Bueno Héctor , Fernández-Ortiz Antonio , Ibanez Borja , Ordovás José María 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
The underlying relationship between body mass index (BMI), cardiometabolic disorders, and subclinical atherosclerosis is poorly understood.

Objective
To evaluate the association between body size phenotypes and subclinical atherosclerosis.

Design
Cross-sectional.

Setting
Cardiovascular disease-free cohort.

Participants
Middle-aged asymptomatic subjects (n = 3909). A total of 6 cardiometabolic body size phenotypes were defined based on the presence of at least 1 cardiometabolic abnormality (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and based on BMI: normal-weight (NW; BMI &lt;25), overweight (OW; BMI = 25.0-29.9) or obese (OB; BMI &gt;30.0).

Main Outcome Measures
Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by 2D vascular ultrasonography and noncontrast cardiac computed tomography.

Results
For metabolically healthy subjects, the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis increased across BMI categories (49.6%, 58.0%, and 67.7% for NW, OW, and OB, respectively), whereas fewer differences were observed for metabolically unhealthy subjects (61.1%, 69.7%, and 70.5%, respectively). When BMI and cardiometabolic abnormalities were assessed separately, the association of body size phenotypes with the extent of subclinical atherosclerosis was mostly driven by the coexistence of cardiometabolic risk factors: adjusted OR = 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90-1.19) for OW and OR = 1.07 (95% CI, 0.88-1.30) for OB in comparison with NW, whereas there was an increasing association between the extent of subclinical atherosclerosis and the number of cardiometabolic abnormalities: adjusted OR = 1.21 (95% CI, 1.05-1.40), 1.60 (95% CI, 1.33-1.93), 1.92 (95% CI, 1.48-2.50), and 2.27 (95% CI, 1.67-3.09) for 1, 2, 3, and &gt;3, respectively, in comparison with noncardiometabolic abnormalities.

Conclusions
The prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis varies across body size phenotypes. Pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions might modify their cardiovascular risk by facilitating the transition from one phenotype to another.