bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel aberration of COL1A1‐PDGFB fusion as an insertion in chromosome 15 in one case of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans involving a rare location
Authors: Daoud Alexander , Cunningham Christopher R. , Kozel Jessica A. , Slutsky Jordan B. , Varade Reena , Batanian Jacqueline R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare sarcoma of the skin arising from the dermis. Its location is most commonly presented on the trunk of middle‐aged adults and rarely on the face. The characteristic genetic aberration in the form of a reciprocal translocation t(17;22)(q21;q13) or a ring fusing the COL1A1 and PDGFB genes is found in 90% of DFSP. We present a case of a 42‐year‐old man who presented with a DFSP on the left cheek with foci of myxoid‐fibrosarcomatous transformation. A conventional chromosomal analysis revealed a complex karyotype without a supernumerary ring chromosome or a linear translocation t(17;22). Comparative genome hybridization and fluorescence in‐situ hybridization revealed the fusion of COL1A1 and PDGFB probes inserted in chromosome 15. This is a unique case of DFSP characterized by a rare body location, unique histopathological features, and novel chromosome COL1A1‐PDGFB insertion, and may help guide future diagnostic and patient care modalities.
LMNA‐NTRK1 rearranged mesenchymal tumor (lipofibromatosis‐like neural tumor) mimicking pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
Authors: Panse Gauri , Reisenbichler Emily , Snuderl Matija , Wang Wei‐Lien , Laskin William , Jour George 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present the case of a 31‐year‐old female with a 1.5 cm pigmented nodule on the scalp. Histopathological examination revealed a proliferation of relatively bland spindle cells and pigmented dendritic cells, with interspersed lymphoid follicles diffusely infiltrating the adipose tissue. The microscopic differential diagnosis included pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). The spindle cells showed S‐100 and CD34 labeling but were negative for SOX‐10. Immunohistochemical stain for pan‐TRK was positive, while fluorescence in‐situ hybridization for PDGFB gene rearrangement was negative. Targeted RNA sequencing revealed an LMNA‐NTRK1 (exon2/exon10) fusion. This molecular result coupled with the histopathological findings and immunohistochemical profile supported the diagnosis of the recently characterized NTRK‐rearranged spindle cell neoplasm termed “lipofibromatosis‐like neural tumor (LPF‐NT).” These neoplasms typically occur in superficial soft tissue and are characterized by a distinctive immunoprofile (CD34+, S‐100+, SOX10−). Histopathological differential diagnosis for LPF‐NT tumors includes lipofibromatosis, DFSP, low‐grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and spindle cell/desmoplastic melanoma. The pigmented dendritic cells reminiscent of pigmented DFSP and lymphoid follicles noted in our case have not been previously reported in LPF‐NT, thus expanding the morphological spectrum of this entity. LMNA‐NTRK1 fusion serves both as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker, as cases with advanced disease may be amenable to targeted therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Psoriasis 2.0: Facebook als Quelle krankheitsbezogener Informationen für Patienten mit Psoriasis
Authors: Schuster Barbara , Ziehfreund Stefanie , Biedermann Tilo , Zink Alexander 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleDas Internet ist eine gängige Informationsquelle bezüglich gesundheitlicher Themen. Soziale Medien ermöglichen es Patienten mit Psoriasis, Informationen über ihre Erkrankung zu suchen und auszutauschen. Ihre Nutzung geht jedoch auch mit Risiken wie Fehlinformation und Neid einher. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Relevanz und Eignung von Facebook als Quelle krankheitsbezogener Informationen für Patienten mit Psoriasis zu untersuchen.Material und MethodikQuerschnittsstudie in Form einer Online‐Befragung (11/2017–01/2018). Der Link wurde auf einer deutschen Psoriasis‐Informationswebsite veröffentlicht. Daten über die allgemeine und krankheitsbezogene Facebook‐Nutzung der Teilnehmer sowie deren Einschätzung der Chancen und Risiken von Facebook in Bezug auf Psoriasis wurden erhoben.Ergebnisse101 Teilnehmer mit Psoriasis haben den Fragebogen vollständig ausgefüllt. 75 % von ihnen berichteten, Facebook mindestens einmal pro Monat zu nutzen, und 72 % der Facebook‐Nutzer gaben an, auf Facebook nach krankheitsbezogenen Informationen zu suchen. Aktive Mitglieder von Facebook‐Gruppen mit Bezug zu Psoriasis bewerteten Facebook als nützlicher im Umgang mit der Erkrankung als andere Nutzer. 60 % der Facebook‐Nutzer berichteten auf Facebook fragwürdigen Informationen über Psoriasis und 57 % Werbung mit Bezügen zu Psoriasis ausgesetzt zu sein.SchlussfolgerungenLaut den Ergebnissen dieser Studie ist Facebook eine relevante Informationsquelle für Patienten mit Psoriasis. Die Qualität der Informationen erscheint jedoch unzureichend und sollte deshalb verbessert werden.
Nebenwirkungsmanagement bei Immun‐Checkpoint‐Blockade durch CTLA‐4‐ und PD‐1‐Antikörper beim metastasierten Melanom – ein Update
Authors: Kähler Katharina C. , Hassel Jessica C. , Heinzerling Lucie , Loquai Carmen , Thoms Kai‐Martin , Ugurel Selma , Zimmer Lisa , Gutzmer Ralf ,   für das Komitee „Kutane Nebenwirkungen“ der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Onkologie (ADO)
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungCTLA‐4 und PD‐1 spielen für eine tumorbedingte Herunterregulation lymphozytärer Immunantworten eine Rolle. Immun‐Checkpoint‐Inhibitoren verändern die Immunantwort gegen viele Tumorentitäten. CTLA‐4‐ und PD‐1‐Antikörper greifen in die Interaktion von Tumor, Antigen‐präsentierenden Zellen und T‐Lymphozyten ein. Die Behandlung mit dem CTLA‐4‐Antikörper Ipilimumab und den PD‐1‐Antikörpern Nivolumab und Pembrolizumab konnte in klinischen Studien beim Melanom einen Nutzen für das Gesamtüberleben zeigen. Durch die kombinierte Gabe von Ipilimumab und Nivolumab kann ein Fünf‐Jahres‐Überleben von 52 % erreicht werden. Eine so intensivierte Immunantwort bringt unvermeidlich auch Nebenwirkungen mit sich. Das Wissen um dieses Nebenwirkungsspektrum ist für die Prophylaxe und das Management notwendig. Es kommt zu Nebenwirkungen wie Colitis, Dermatitis, Hypophysitis, Thyreoiditis, Hepatitis und weiteren, selteneren Autoimmunphänomenen. Die Erkennung und Therapie der genannten Autoimmunnebenwirkungen sind inzwischen gut bekannt. Insbesondere die frühe Diagnose seltener, aber mit einer höheren Letalität verbundenen neurologischen oder kardiologischen Nebenwirkungen ist häufig schwierig. Dieses Update beschreibt das aktuelle Nebenwirkungsspektrum und ‐Management unter Immun‐Checkpoint‐Inhibition sowie neue Erkenntnisse zu diesem Themenfeld.
Composite landscape predictors improve distribution models of ecosystem types
Authors: Simensen Trond , Horvath Peter , Vollering Julien , Erikstad Lars , Halvorsen Rune , Bryn Anders 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimDistribution modelling is a useful approach to obtain knowledge about the spatial distribution of biodiversity, required for, for example, red‐list assessments. While distribution modelling methods have been applied mostly to single species, modelling of communities and ecosystems (EDM; ecosystem‐level distribution modelling) produces results that are more directly relevant for management and decision‐making. Although the choice of predictors is a pivotal part of the modelling process, few studies have compared the suitability of different sets of predictors for EDM. In this study, we compare the performance of 50 single environmental variables with that of 11 composite landscape gradients (CLGs) for prediction of ecosystem types. The CLGs represent gradients in landscape element composition derived from multivariate analyses, for example “inner‐outer coast” and “land use intensity.”LocationNorway.MethodsWe used data from field‐based ecosystem‐type mapping of nine ecosystem types, and environmental variables with a resolution of 100 × 100 m. We built nine models for each ecosystem type with variables from different predictor sets. Logistic regression with forward selection of variables was used for EDM. Models were evaluated with independently collected data.ResultsMost ecosystem types could be predicted reliably, although model performance differed among ecosystem types. We identified significant differences in predictive power and model parsimony across models built from different predictor sets. Climatic variables alone performed poorly, indicating that the current climate alone is not sufficient to predict the current distribution of ecosystems. Used alone, the CLGs resulted in parsimonious models with relatively high predictive power. Used together with other variables, they consistently improved the models.Main conclusionsOur study highlights the importance of variable selection in EDM. We argue that the use of composite variables as proxies for complex environmental gradients has the potential to improve predictions from EDMs and thus to inform conservation planning as well as improve the precision and credibility of red lists and global change assessments.
The novel dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist tirzepatide transiently delays gastric emptying similarly to selective long‐acting GLP‐1 receptor agonists
Authors: Urva Shweta , Coskun Tamer , Loghin Corina , Cui Xuewei , Beebe Emily , O'Farrell Libbey , Briere Daniel A. , Benson Charles , Nauck Michael A. , Haupt Axel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effect of dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist (RA) tirzepatide on gastric emptying (GE) was compared to that of GLP‐1RAs in non‐clinical and clinical studies. GE was assessed following acute and chronic treatment with tirzepatide in diet‐induced obese mice versus semaglutide or long‐acting GIP analogue alone. Participants [with and without type 2 diabetes (T2DM)] from a phase 1, 4‐week multiple dose study received tirzepatide, dulaglutide or placebo. GE was assessed by acetaminophen absorption. In mice, tirzepatide delayed GE to a similar degree to that achieved with semaglutide; however, these acute inhibitory effects were abolished after 2 weeks of treatment. GIP analogue alone had no effect on GE or on GLP‐1's effect on GE. In participants with and without T2DM, once‐weekly tirzepatide (≥5 and ≥4.5 mg, respectively) delayed GE after a single dose. This effect diminished after multiple doses of tirzepatide or dulaglutide in healthy participants. In participants with T2DM treated with an escalation schedule of tirzepatide 5/5/10/10 or 5/5/10/15 mg, a residual GE delay was still observed after multiple doses. These data suggest that tirzepatide's activity on GE is comparable to that of selective GLP‐1RAs.
Premier signalement de Deudorix livia (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) dans le sud algérien
Authors: Haddad K. , Afoutni L. , Mebarki M. T. 
Published: June 2020

First report of Deudorix livia (Lepidoptera: Lycaеnidae) in the extreme south of AlgeriaAs part of a study to identify new species, an expedition was organised from the 21st to the 31st of December 2019 in the extreme south of the Algerian Sahara. The authors reported the presence of Deudorix livia (Klug, 1834) (Lepidoptera: Lycaеnidae). This is the first observation of this species in Southern Algeria.
Microbial processing of plant remains is co‐limited by multiple nutrients in global grasslands
Authors: Ochoa‐Hueso Raúl , Borer Elizabeth T. , Seabloom Eric W. , Hobbie Sarah E. , Risch Anita C. , Collins Scott L. , Alberti Juan , Bahamonde Héctor A. , Brown Cynthia S. , Caldeira Maria C. , Daleo Pedro , Dickman Chris R. , Ebeling Anne , Eisenhauer Nico , Esch Ellen H. , Eskelinen Anu , Fernández Victoria , Güsewell Sabine , Gutierrez‐Larruga Blanca , Hofmockel Kirsten , Laungani Ramesh , Lind Eric , López Andrea , McCulley Rebecca L. , Moore Joslin L. , Peri Pablo L. , Power Sally A. , Price Jodi N. , Prober Suzanne M. , Roscher Christiane , Sarneel Judith M. , Schütz Martin , Siebert Julia , Standish Rachel J. , Velasco Ayuso Sergio , Virtanen Risto , Wardle Glenda M. , Wiehl Georg , Yahdjian Laura , Zamin Tara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMicrobial processing of aggregate‐unprotected organic matter inputs is key for soil fertility, long‐term ecosystem carbon and nutrient sequestration and sustainable agriculture. We investigated the effects of adding multiple nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plus nine essential macro‐ and micro‐nutrients) on decomposition and biochemical transformation of standard plant materials buried in 21 grasslands from four continents. Addition of multiple nutrients weakly but consistently increased decomposition and biochemical transformation of plant remains during the peak‐season, concurrent with changes in microbial exoenzymatic activity. Higher mean annual precipitation and lower mean annual temperature were the main climatic drivers of higher decomposition rates, while biochemical transformation of plant remains was negatively related to temperature of the wettest quarter. Nutrients enhanced decomposition most at cool, high rainfall sites, indicating that in a warmer and drier future fertilized grassland soils will have an even more limited potential for microbial processing of plant remains.
COVID‐19 and Headache: A Primer for Trainees
Authors: Bobker Sarah M. , Robbins Matthew S. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo summarize for the trainee audience the possible mechanisms of headache in patients with COVID‐19 as well as to outline the impact of the pandemic on patients with headache disorders and headache medicine in clinical practice.BackgroundCOVID‐19 is a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, of which a large subset of patients features neurological symptoms, commonly headache. The virus is highly contagious and is, therefore, changing clinical practice by forcing limitations on in‐person visits and procedural treatments, more quickly shifting toward the widespread adaptation of telemedicine services.Design/ResultsWe review what is currently known about the pathophysiology of COVID‐19 and how it relates to possible mechanisms of headache, including indirect, potential direct, and secondary causes. Alternative options for the treatment of patients with headache disorders and the use of telemedicine are also explored.ConclusionsLimited information exists regarding the mechanisms and timing of headache in patients with COVID‐19, though causes relate to plausible direct viral invasion of the nervous system as well as the cytokine release syndrome. Though headache care in the COVID‐19 era requires alterations, the improved preventive treatment options now available and evidence for feasibility and safety of telemedicine well positions clinicians to take care of such patients, especially in the COVID‐19 epicenter of New York City.
Rotación laboral en América Latina: Intensidad y diferencias entre países
Authors: BECCARIA Luis , MAURIZIO Roxana 
Published: June 2020

ResumenEl estudio de la rotación laboral es muy importante en América Latina, dados sus marcados ciclos económicos y su limitada cobertura de protección social. Se estima aquí la intensidad de las transiciones desde la situación de empleo en seis países latinoamericanos en las dos primeras décadas del milenio, descomponiendo las diferencias observadas y evaluando los destinos laborales de estos trabajadores. Los países analizados muestran tasas de rotación muy diferentes, lo que se explica fundamentalmente por una incidencia disímil del empleo informal y del empleo temporal. En todos los casos, gran parte de las transiciones desde el empleo tienen como destino empleos precarios o el desempleo.
A six‐plex droplet digital RT‐PCR assay for seasonal influenza virus typing, subtyping, and lineage determination
Authors: Leong Nathaniel K. C. , Chu Daniel K. W. , Chu Julie T. S. , Tam Yat H. , Ip Dennis K. M. , Cowling Benjamin J. , Poon Leo L. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are two influenza A subtypes (H1 and H3) and two influenza B lineages (Victoria and Yamagata) that currently co‐circulate in humans. In this study, we report the development of a six‐plex droplet digital RT‐PCR (ddRT‐PCR) assay that can detect HA and M segments of influenza A (H1, H3, and M) and influenza B (Yamagata HA, Victoria HA, and M) viruses in a single reaction mixture. It can simultaneously detect six different nucleic acid targets in a ddRT‐PCR platform.MethodsThe six‐plex ddRT‐PCR used in this study is an amplitude‐based multiplex assay. The analytical performance of the assay was evaluated. Correlation with standard qRT‐PCR methodology was assessed using 55 clinical samples.ResultsThe assay has a wide dynamic range, and it has good reproducibility within and between runs. The limit of quantification of each target in this assay ranged from 15 copies/reaction for influenza B Victoria M gene to 45 copies/reaction for influenza B Yamagata M gene. In addition, this assay can accurately quantify each of these targets in samples containing viral RNAs from two different viruses that were mixed in a highly skewed ratio. Typing, subtyping, and lineage differentiation data of 55 tested clinical respiratory specimens were found to be identical to those deduced from standard monoplex qRT‐PCR assays.ConclusionsThe six‐plex ddRT‐PCR test was demonstrated to be highly suitable for detecting dual influenza infection cases. This assay is expected to be a useful diagnostic tool for clinical and research use.
An Honorable Harvest: Universal Owners Must Take Responsibility for Their Portfolios
Authors: Alexander Frederick 
Published: June 2020

Despite a maturing industry of ESG professionals and coordinated efforts by shareholders calling for more responsible corporate behavior, we continue to see unabated climate and water crises, growing political instability, and continuing abuses of human rights in supply chains. The founder of a movement called The Shareholder Commons argues that to help business to address these systemic challenges, corporate responsibility must move beyond the company‐by‐company decision‐making model. An economy based on market competition cannot rely on individual businesses to adopt basic sustainability rules that take priority over profit. Critical sustainability boundaries must be implemented collectively to be effective.The crux of the problem is that although shareholder returns derive mainly from efficiency and productivity gains, they can also result from careless exploitation of common resources or powerless workers. And the competition for margin and capital makes it difficult for companies to recognize, let alone forgo, profitable exploitation. A sustainable economy demands that we help companies to distinguish between honorable and dishonorable profits, and to find ways to eliminate or offset the latter. The author holds out a model of capitalism that limits the availability of choices that exploit negative externalities and inequality while preserving the principles and practices that create value and a reasonable sharing of gains among all stakeholders.Universal owners—long‐term diversified investors—appear to be in the best position to formulate and enforce such a model, given the current design and practices of our capital markets. Such global investors have the incentive and power to engage in the collective decision‐making necessary for a sustainable economy. The power exerted by institutional investors through their allocation and stewardship of equity capital can be used to insist on more sustainable business practices. Because they are diversified across thousands of companies, universal owners can bypass the competitive bottleneck for margin and capital that holds sustainability back at the company level. These large investors can work together to establish authentic sustainability boundaries for the companies they invest in; and by so doing, they can allow us to leverage all the good work done to date on disclosure and ESG integration, and so realize a world in which companies continue to compete for profits, but also for a truly honorable harvest.
Global Public‐Private Investment Partnerships: A Financing Innovation with Positive Social Impact
Authors: Bolton Patrick , Musca Xavier , Samama Frédéric 
Published: June 2020

Global bond markets, along with banks and governments, are the main source of funding for investment in environmentally friendly infrastructure and the transition to clean energy. Although such bonds are a relatively recent innovation, the green bond market has grown rapidly from its start in 2008 to around $800 billion in outstanding issues. The problem, however, is that green bonds, which represent less than 1% of global bond markets, have been issued disproportionately by government‐sponsored entities, corporations, and municipalities in developed markets. In the emerging market countries where the infrastructure investments are most needed, they barely exist.The authors describe a new investment vehicle, called the AP EGO fund, whose mission and MO are to channel the vast global pools of institutional savings that are now invested in low or (even negative) yield fixed‐income assets—as much as $17 trillion in 2019—to higher‐return emerging markets green investments, in particular sustainable infrastructure, by creating a new asset class: emerging‐market green bonds issued by banks.The AP EGO fund is premised on and involves a reworking of the public‐private partnership (PPP) into a form they call the global public‐private investment partnership (or GPPIP). Unlike the PPP, which combines a public agency with a private operator, the GPPIP has four instead of just two partners. In addition to the standard public agency and the private concession operator, there is a development bank—in this case the International Finance Corporation (IFC), which is the financial markets affiliate of the World Bank—and private investors that include emerging‐market banks as well as global institutional investors.Along with the mediating role played by a public agency like the IFC, the AP EGO Fund is fundamentally different from other PPPs in that it takes the form of a special purpose securitization vehicle whose shares are backed by a pool of green bonds issued by emerging market banks in multiple emerging market countries. And besides its application to a new asset class, the fund also breaks new ground by applying a securitization technique with a fund structure designed with an embedded “first‐loss” protection to a global pool of green bonds originated in emerging market economies. By means of this structuring, the green‐bond‐backed fund shares issued by the AP EGO are now providing developed market institutional investors with somewhat higher‐yielding fixed income securities that nevertheless carry an investment‐grade rating.