bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process approach for measuring flood resilience at the individual property level
Authors: Adebimpe Oluseye Adewale , Proverbs David G. , Oladokun Victor Oluwasina 
Published: July 2020

PurposeRecent changes in climate, rainfall patterns, snow melt and rising sea levels coupled with an increase in urban development have increased the threat of flooding. To curb these threats and mitigate these damages, property-level approaches to improving resilience are now being encouraged as part of an integrated approach to flood risk management. This raises questions such as, what are the flood resilient attributes within individual properties, what is their importance and how can these be quantified. This research sought to develop a quantitative approach for the measurement of property-level flood resilience.Design/methodology/approachA synthesis of literature was undertaken to establish the main resilient attributes and their relevant sub-attributes. This process led to the development of a new method, named the Composite Flood Resilient Index (CFRI) to weight the attributes and sub-attributes of flood resilience based on their importance. The approach adopts the use of the fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) approach to quantify flood resilience.FindingsThe implications of the proposed methodology in determining the flood resilience of individual property, including the potential use in retrofitting activities, and the benefits to a range of stakeholders are considered.Social implicationsThe methodology offers the potential to support the measurement of flood resilience of individual properties, allowing the identification and prioritisation of specific interventions to improve the resilience of a property.Originality/valueWhereas previous attempts to quantify flood resilience have adopted qualitative approaches with some level of subjectivity, this proposed methodology represents an important advancement in developing a scientific and quantitative approach.
Asymmetric effect of exchange rate volatility on trade in sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Dada James Temitope 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of asymmetric structure inherent in exchange rate volatility on trade in sub-Saharan African countries from 2005 to 2017.Design/methodology/approach17 countries in sub-Saharan African Countries are used for the study. Exchange rate volatility is generated using generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedacity (1,1), while the asymmetric components of exchange rate volatility are generated using a refined approach of cumulative partial sum developed by Granger and Yoon (2002). Two-step generalised method of moments is used as the estimation technique in order to address the problem of endogeneity, commonly found in panel data.FindingsThe result from the study shows the evidence of exchange rate volatility clustering which is strictly persistent in sub-Saharan African countries. The asymmetric components (positive and negative shocks) of exchange rate volatility have negative and significant effect on trade in the region. Meanwhile, the effect of negative exchange rate volatility is higher on trade when compared with the positive exchange rate volatility. Furthermore, real exchange rate has negative and significant effect on trade in sub-Saharan African countries.Research limitations/implicationsThe outcomes of this study are important for participants in foreign exchange market. As investors in foreign exchange market react more to the negative news than positive news, investors need to diversify their risk. Also, regulators in the market need to formulate appropriate macroeconomic policies that will stabilize exchange rate in the region.Originality/valueThis study deviates from extant studies in the literature by incorporating asymmetric structure into the exchange rate trade nexus using a refined approach.
The digital Wild West: on social entrepreneurship in extended reality
Authors: Devereaux Abigail 
Published: July 2020

PurposeOur central thesis is that the dynamic, immersive and agile nature of extended reality (XR) both provides an unusually fertile ground for the development of alternative forms of governance and essentially necessitates this development by contrast with relatively inagile institutions of public governance.Design/methodology/approachI take an epistemologically aware, systems-theoretic perspective in my analysis to properly tease out the relevant micro-, meso- and macro-structures; their direct interactions; and their entanglements.FindingsThe challenges presented by rapidly advancing XR may require much more agile forms of governance than are available from public institutions, even under widespread algorithmic governance. Social entrepreneurship in blockchain solutions may very well be able to meet some of these challenges, as we show.Originality/valueThere are very few systems-aware, epistemological analyses of social entrepreneurship utilizing algorithms versus public algorithmic governance and none that focus on how these two channels of social action interact with developments in XR.
The estimation of leverage coefficients in corporate finance research: a review of the literature
Authors: Dugan Michael T. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a literature review of elasticity-based techniques for the estimation of the degree of operating leverage (DOL) and the degree of financial leverage (DFL) in empirical corporate finance research.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper describes the specific details of the estimation of DOL and DFL coefficients under both of the primary estimation techniques and documents the econometric properties of the estimates derived from each techniques.

Findings
There are tradeoffs between the two techniques, as each technique has both appealing and limiting features.

Originality/value
This paper indicates how each of the two techniques possesses limitations and suggests that future research should attempt to develop estimation techniques that overcome those limitations.
Intrapreneurship to engage employees: role of psychological capital
Authors: Pandey Jatin , Gupta Manish , Hassan Yusuf 
Published: July 2020

PurposeIntrapreneurship is gaining traction in organizations to buckle up for the dynamic business environment. Scholars have argued that intrapreneurship increases positivity at work and helps employees attach themselves better with their job. However, empirical evidence suggests that these relationships do not exist. The objective of this paper is to examine the mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap) in the relationship between intrapreneurship and work engagement.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through an online survey. Responses from 309 employees working in different industries in India were analysed. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the hypothesized relationships.FindingsThe results show that there exist positive relationships among intrapreneurship, psychological capital (PsyCap) and work engagement. Further, it was observed that the PsyCap partially mediates the relationship between intrapreneurship and work engagement.Practical implicationsManagers may not only encourage intrapreneurial behaviour in their organizations but also ensure that the employees are psychologically capable (high on PsyCap). It would enable the employees to engage themselves wholeheartedly into their work.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is one of its kinds to relate intrapreneurship with PsyCap and work engagement.
Role of support in work–family interface among university faculty in India
Authors: Gopalan Neena , Pattusamy Murugan , Gollakota Kamala 
Published: July 2020

PurposeNumerous studies on Western samples exist on work–family conflict (WFC) and work–family enrichment (WFE). Generalizing such results to other cultures may lead to erroneous interpretations of results. The present study emphasizes the role of different types of support on both work–family conflict and enrichment among university faculty in India.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was administered to university faculty in India. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults based on a sample of 199 university faculty in India indicated that supervisor and coworker support did not significantly reduce work–family conflict but increased work–family enrichment. The type of family support (instrumental versus emotional) had an impact, particularly on work-family enrichment.Originality/valueResearch on work–family dynamics in India is still in its nascent stage. This study attempted to address this gap by studying both conflict and enrichment dynamics in the family and work lives of university faculty in India.
Automatic optical inspection system for IC solder joint based on local-to-global ensemble learning
Authors: Chen Wenjie , Cai Nian , Wang Huiheng , Lin Jianfa , Wang Han 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Automatic optical inspection (AOI) systems have been widely used in many fields to evaluate the qualities of products at the end of the production line. The purpose of this paper is to propose a local-to-global ensemble learning method for the AOI system based on to inspect integrated circuit (IC) solder joints defects.

Design/methodology/approach
In the proposed method, the locally statistically modeling stage and the globally ensemble learning stage are involved to tackle the inspection problem. At the former stage, the improved visual background extraction–based algorithm is used for locally statistically modeling to grasp tiny appearance differences between the IC solder joints to achieve potential defect images for the subsequent stage. At the latter stage, mean unqualified probability is introduced based on a novel ensemble learning, in which an adaptive weighted strategy is proposed for revealing different contributions of the base classifier to the inspection performance.

Findings
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better inspection performance with an acceptable inspection time compared with some state-of-the-art methods.

Originality/value
The approach is a promising method for IC solder joint inspection, which can simultaneously grasp the local characteristics of IC solder joints and reveal inherently global relationships between IC solder joints.
High low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol as an independent risk factor for coronary restenosis in hemodialysis patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Hasegawa Shoko , Nakano Toshiaki , Mukai Yasushi , Matsukuma Yuta , Yotsueda Ryusuke , Tsuchimoto Akihiro , Fujisaki Kiichiro , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Kitazono Takanari 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHD patients have been reported to have a higher risk of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors of coronary restenosis in HD patients. We enrolled 54 HD patients (mean age: 66.5 ± 10.1 years; 72.2% men; mean HD duration: 3.7 years), who received PCI and follow‐up coronary angiography. Of the patients, 22 (40.7%) had restenosis within 3 to 12 months of PCI. Univariate logistic analysis showed low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C)/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) ratio, LDL‐C, non‐HDL‐C, and history of major adverse cardiovascular events were significantly associated with coronary restenosis (OR]: 1.89, 1.27, 1.22, and 5.79, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that LDL‐C was significantly associated with coronary restenosis (OR: 1.43). These data suggest that LDL‐C is an independent risk factor for coronary restenosis in HD patients undergoing PCI, and strict lipid management may be required.
Does economic policy uncertainty raise corporate precautionary cash holdings? Evidence from China
Authors: Su Xin , Zhou Shengshi , Xue Rui , Tian Jinfang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing China as the research setting, this paper investigates the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and corporate precautionary cash holdings. Empirical results show a U‐shaped relation between economic policy uncertainty and corporate precautionary cash holdings. Empirical analysis, in terms of ownership structure, firm size, corporate competitiveness and geographical location, further shows that (i) the effects for economic policy uncertainty in both state‐owned and non‐state‐owned enterprises are significant, but the effect is stronger for state‐owned enterprises; (ii) such significant effect is also found more strongly in small and medium‐sized enterprises and highly competitive enterprises; and (iii) the effects for eastern, central and western China are all statistically significant, but the effect is strongest for eastern China.
Long‐term outcomes of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Schreur Vivian , Brouwers Jody , Van Huet Ramon A.C. , Smeets Sandra , Phan Milan , Hoyng Carel B. , de Jong Eiko K. , Klevering B. Jeroen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the long‐term outcomes of patients who underwent vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.MethodsCumulative incidences were calculated for low vision (<0.3), re‐vitrectomy in the study eye and fellow eye vitrectomy. To identify potential prognostic factors that associate with these outcomes, we used multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsIn a total of 217 patients, we found 1‐, 5‐ and 10‐year cumulative incidences of low vision in the study eye of 24%, 31% and 39%, respectively. For both eyes, these rates were, respectively, 10%, 14% and 14%. Low vision in both eyes was associated with higher age and worse contralateral visual acuity. The 1‐, 5‐ and 10‐year cumulative incidences for re‐vitrectomy in the study eye were 16%, 27% and 27%, respectively, and for a vitrectomy in the fellow eye 24%, 40% and 54%, respectively. Re‐vitrectomy of the study eye was associated with worse contralateral visual acuity, while vitrectomy of the fellow eye was associated with shorter diabetes duration, worse contralateral visual acuity, higher HbA1c level and worse diabetic retinopathy severity stage of the fellow eye.ConclusionFunctional visual acuity in at least one eye was achieved or preserved in most patients. After 10 years, about a quarter of all patients underwent a re‐vitrectomy, while more than half of the patients needed a vitrectomy of the fellow eye. Knowledge of these long‐term outcomes is essential when counselling patients for a vitrectomy.
Langerhans cell sarcoma involving skin and showing epidermotropism: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ronen Shira , Keiser Elizabeth , Collins Katrina M. , Aung Phyu P. , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Tetzlaff Michael T. , Curry Jonathan L. , Ivan Doina , Prieto Victor G. , Hymes Sharon , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Torres‐Cabala Carlos A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLangerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is rare and aggressive; patients have an overall survival rate of less than 50%. We present a 62‐year‐old man with a history of superficial spreading melanoma of the upper back with sentinel lymph node metastasis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and LCS. The patient presented with erythematous papules and scaly areas on his face, neck, arms, chest, abdomen, and legs. A skin biopsy revealed a proliferation of large neoplastic cells involving the dermis and with epidermotropism. These cells had atypical bean‐shaped nuclei, with ample cytoplasm and abundant mitotic figures including atypical forms. Immunohistochemical studies showed the tumor to be diffusely positive for CD1a, S100 protein, and langerin (CD207) and negative for melanocytic markers. Some tumor cells were positive for cyclin D1. A diagnosis of LCS involving the skin was established. The present study is a very unusual case of LCS showing epidermotropism. The patient's history of metastatic melanoma posed additional challenges for diagnosis, underlying the need of immunophenotyping in these cases. Consensus for optimal standard therapy has not been established in LCS, and thus, early recognition is important since these neoplasms tend to recur and metastasize. LCS in skin is discussed and published cases are comprehensively reviewed.
Salivary changes in oxidative stress related to inflammation in oral and gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Janšáková Katarína , Escudier Michael , Tóthová Ľubomíra , Proctor Gordon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe early diagnosis and monitoring of Crohn's disease (CD) and orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) might be facilitated by assaying potential disease biomarkers in saliva. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were assayed in salivas from patients with CD, OFG and concurrent OFG and CD (OFG + CD).SubjectsUnstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected from 93 subjects, and immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactoferrin (LF) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined by ELISA. Markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status were assayed spectrophotometrically.ResultsImmunoglobulin A was significantly (p < .03) higher in experimental groups vs the control group. LF was significantly (p < .01) higher in OFG + CD compared to CTRL and CD. Ferric reducing antioxidant power was lower (p ≤ .009) in all experimental groups, and advanced glycation end products were higher (p ≤ .01) in CD and OFG + CD patients.ConclusionOxidative stress is increased in saliva in CD and OFG. Although MPO, a product of inflammatory cells, was not significantly increased, the other innate immune markers, IgA and LF, which are also secreted by salivary glands, were increased. This study suggests that saliva might be utilized in monitoring CD and OFG but further longitudinal studies focused on analysing a panel of salivary markers are needed.
In vitro holding strength of the laparoscopic Miller's knot compared with open Miller's knot, open surgeon's throw, and laparoscopic surgeon's throw in a vascular pedicle model
Authors: Erickson Andrea K. , Fox‐Alvarez W. Alexander , Regier Penny J. , Case J. Brad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare in vitro knot holding strength of the laparoscopic Miller's knot (LMK), open Miller's knot (MK), open surgeon's throw (Sx), and laparoscopic surgeon's throw (LSx) in a vascular pedicle model when used as the first throw for vascular ligation.Study designExperimental study.Sample populationTen constructs each of the Miller's knot and surgeon's throw performed openly and laparoscopically with 2‐0 polyglyconate suture.MethodsKnot holding strengths of the LMK, MK, LSx, and Sx knots were evaluated on balloon dilation catheters used as vascular pedicle models. Laparoscopic knots were tied in a laparoscopic box trainer. Knot constructs were pressure tested to failure. Results were compared by Kruskal‐Wallis and Steel‐Dwass comparisons.ResultsBoth MK and LMK had mean leakage pressures above 300 mm Hg. The MK leaked at higher pressure than all other knots, including the LMK (P < .001). The LMK leaked at greater pressures compared with the Sx and the LSx (P < .001). No difference was detected between leaking pressures of the Sx and the LSx (P = .226), with both leaking at pressures below 40 mm Hg.ConclusionThe LMK created a more secure first throw compared with the Sx and leaked at supraphysiologic pressures.Clinical significanceThe LMK has excellent knot holding strength on a vascular pedicle model and may be further evaluated for clinical application.
Combining parenting and economic strengthening programmes to reduce violence against children: a cluster randomised controlled trial with predominantly male caregivers in rural Tanzania
Authors: Lachman Jamie , Wamoyi Joyce , Spreckelsen Thees , Wight Daniel , Maganga Jane , Gardner Frances 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionParenting programmes may reduce the risk of violence against children and improve child well-being. However, additional economic support may be necessary in highly deprived rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, delivering programmes within farmer groups may increase male caregiver recruitment and engagement.MethodsA parallel cluster randomised controlled trial examined the combined and separate effects of parenting and economic strengthening programmes on reducing violence against children aged 0–18 years in farming communities in Tanzania (n=248 families; 63% male caregivers). Eight villages were randomly assigned to four conditions (2:2:2:2): (1) 12-session parenting programme (n=60); (2) agribusiness training (n=56); (3) parenting and agribusiness combined (n=72); (4) control (n=60). Parent-report, child-report and early childhood observation assessments were conducted at baseline, mid-treatment and post-treatment. Primary outcomes were child maltreatment and parenting behaviour. Secondary outcomes included corporal punishment endorsement, parenting stress, parent/child depression, child behaviour, economic well-being and child development.ResultsAt post-treatment, parents and children receiving the combined interventions reported less maltreatment (parents: incidence rate ratio (IRR=0.40, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.65; children: IRR=0.40, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.92). Parents reported reduced endorsement of corporal punishment (Dw=−0.43, 95% CI −0.79 to 0.07) and fewer child behaviour problems (Dw=−0.41, 95% CI −0.77 to 0.05). Parents in parenting-only villages reported less abuse (IRR=0.36, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.63) and fewer child behaviour problems (Dw=−0.47, 95% CI −0.84 to 0.11). Parents in agribusiness-only villages reported fewer child behaviour problems (Dw=−0.43, 95% CI −0.77 to 0.08) and greater household wealth (Dw=0.57, 95% CI 0.08 to 1.06). However, children in agribusiness-only villages reported increased physical abuse (IRR=2.26, 95% CI 1.00 to 5.12) and less positive parenting (Dw=−0.50, 95% CI −0.91 to 0.10). There were no other adverse effects.ConclusionParent training may be the active ingredient in reducing maltreatment in farmer groups with majority male caregivers, while agribusiness training programmes may have unintended negative consequences on children when delivered alone. Locating parenting support in existing farmer groups can engage much higher proportions of fathers than stand-alone programmes.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02633319