bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Full-length Transcriptome and Gene Expression Analysis Reveal Genes and Molecular Elements Expressed During Seed Development in Gnetum Luofuense
Authors: deng Nan , Hou Chen , He Boxiang , Ma Fengfeng , Song Qingan , Shi Shengqing , Liu Caixia , Tian Yuxin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Gnetum is an economically important tropical and subtropical gymnosperm genus with various dietary, industrial and medicinal uses. Many carbohydrates, proteins and secondary metabolic compounds accumulate during the ripening of Gnetum seeds.However, the molecular mechanisms related to this process remain unknown. Results: We therefore assembled a full-length transcriptome from immature and mature G. luofuenseseeds using PacBio sequencingreads. We identified a total of 5,726 novel genes, 9,061 alternative splicing events, 3,551 lncRNAs, 2,160 transcription factors, and 359 fusion genes, and we found that 8,512 genes possessed at least one poly(A) site. In addition, gene expression comparisons of six transcriptomes generated by Illumina sequencing showed that14,323 genes were differentially expressed from an immature stage to a mature stage with 7,891 genes upregulated and 6,432 genes downregulated. The expression of 14 differentially expressed transcription factors from the MADS-box, Aux/IAA and bHLH families was validated by qRT-PCR, suggesting that they may have important roles in seed ripening of G. luofuense. Conclusions:These findings provide a valuable molecular resource for domestication and cultivation of Gnetum species.
First Report of Plum Bark Necrosis and Stem Pitting-Associated Virus Infecting Grapevine in China
Authors: Yang Yang , Sun Yifan , Li Qingliang , Yufeng Wu , Wang Deya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Virus disease is one of the main diseases in grapevine, and there has been no report on Plum bark necrosis and stem pitting-associated virus infecting grapevine in China.Objective: The leaf samples of grapevine cultivar 'Cabernet Gernischt' were collected from Shandong province, which the leaves suffered from viral-like symptoms with spotting and crinkle.Methods: Small RNA-seq combined with reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were performed to detect the potential viruses in these field samples. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor joining method in MEGA 5.1Conclusions: This is the first report of PBNSPaV infecting grapevine in China, contributing to a better understanding of the epidemiology and host range distribution of this pathogen.
Spatiotemporal expression of sonic hedgehog signaling molecules in the embryonic mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Hussein Manal T , Attaai Abdelraheim , Kamel Gamal , Mokhtar Doaa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Midbrain dopaminergic neurons (mDA) play an important role in controlling the voluntary motor movement, reward behavior and emotion-based behavior. Differentiation of mDA neurons from progenitors depends on a number of secreted proteins, such as sonic hedgehog (SHH), and transcription factors. Different groups from mDA neurons arise from the varied patterns of SHH expression during development. The present study attempted to elucidate 1) the possible role(s) of some SHH signaling components (Ptch1, Gli1, Gli2 and Gli3) in the spatiotemporal development of mDA neurons along the rostrocaudal axis of the midbrain and their possible roles in differentiation (E12, E14) and survival of mDA neurons (E18); 2) the main role of Boc (bioregional Cdon-binding protein), and Gas1 (growth arrest-specific 1) as novel accessory receptors for the SHH in the development of mDA neurons 3) the significance of using the primary culture and/or the dopaminergic cell line (MN9D) for studying the development of mDA neurons.
Results
Mice embryos from embryonic day (E)12 were used for in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The primary culture and cell line MN9D were used for in vitro investigation. At E12 and E14, but not E18, only Ptch1 and Gli1 were expressed in ventrolateral midbrain domains. All examined SHH signaling molecules were not detected in mDA area. Whereas, in MN9D cells, many SHH signaling molecules were expressed and co-localized with dopaminergic marker; tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and their expression were upregulated with SHH treatment of the MN9D cells.
Conclusion
These results suggest that mDA neurons differentiation and survival are independent of SHH. In addition, MN9D cell line is not the ideal in vitro model for investigating the differentiation of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons, and hence, the ventral midbrain primary culture might be favored over MN9D line.
Genomic Regions Associated With Important Seed Quality Traits in Food-grade Soybeans
Authors: Whiting Rachel M. , Torabi Sepideh , Lukens Lewis , Eskandari Milad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The production of soy-based food products requires specific physical and chemical characteristics of the soybean seed. Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with these traits, such as seed weight,seed protein and sucrose concentrations could accelerate the development of competitive high quality soybean cultivars for the food-grade market through marker-assisted selection (MAS). The objectives of this study were to identify and validate QTL associated with these value-added traits in two high-protein recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. Results:Two RIL populations were derived from the high-protein cultivar ‘AC X790P’ (49% protein, dry weight basis), and two high-yielding commercial cultivars, ‘S18-R6’ (41% protein) and ‘S23-T5’ (42% protein). Fourteen large-effect QTL (R2>10%) associated with seed protein concentration were identified. Five of these protein-related QTLwere co-localized with QTL associated with seed sucrose concentration or seed weight. None of the protein-related QTL did not co-localize with seed yield QTL in either population. Sixteen candidate genes with putative roles in protein metabolism were identified within seven of these protein-related regions: qPro_Gm02-3, qPro_Gm04-4, qPro_Gm06-1, qPro_Gm06-3, qPro_Gm06-6, qPro_Gm13-4 and qPro-Gm15-3.Conclusion:The use of RIL populations derived from high-protein parents created a unique opportunity to identify novel QTL that may have been masked by large-effect QTL segregating in populations developed from diverse parental cultivars. Nine QTL associated with seed protein concentration were identified and validated in both high-protein RIL populations. These QTL may be useful in the curated selection of new soybean cultivars for optimized soy-based food products.
The Effect of Oral Mucosal Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Long-Term Brain Edema and Lesion, Anxiety-Like Behavior, and Cognitive and Motor Outcomes in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Dehghanian Fatemeh , Soltani Zahra , Farsinejad Alireza , Jafari Elham , Bashiri Hamideh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the use of mesenchymal stem cells as a novel approach in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases including traumatic brain injury has been proposed. In this study, the effect of oral mucosal mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) on traumatic brain injury was evaluated in long-term. Animals were divided into 4 groups including sham, TBI, vehicle (Veh) and stem cell (SC). Brain damage was induced by the Marmarou’s method. The number of 2 × 106 OMSCs was intravenously injected 1 and 24 hours after the injury. Brain edema and pathological outcome were assessed at 24 hours and 21 days after the injury. Besides, long-term neurological, motor and cognitive outcomes were evaluated at days 3, 7, 14, and 21 after the injury. inflammation (P < 0.01), reduce axonal damage (P < 0.01, P < 0.05; respectively) and prevent microglia proliferation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01; respectively) at 24 h and 21 days after the injury. Neurological function improvement (P < 0.001), memory enhancement (P < 0.05), anxiety-like behavior reduction (P < 0.001) and motor function amelioration (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.05; respectively) at days of 3, 7, 14, 21 after the injury were observed in the treatment group. According to the results of this study, OMSCs administration after TBI reduced brain edema and inflammation, and improved neurologic, memory and motor impairments, and anxiety-like behavior in long-term. Therefore, OMSCs could be a promising and new treatment option for TBI in the future.
Soil inoculation of Trichoderma asperellum M45a regulates rhizosphere microbes and triggers watermelon resistance to Fusarium wilt
Authors: Zhang Yi , Tian Cheng , Xiao Jiling , Wei Lin , Tian Yun , Liang Zhihuai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON) is a soil-borne disease that seriously limits watermelon production. In the present study, the Trichoderma asperellum (T. asperellum) M45a was shown to be an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium wilt (FW). In a pot experiment, the application of 105 cfu/g of T. asperellum M45a granules had better control effect on FW at the blooming period (up to 67.44%) from soils subjected to five years of continuous cropping with watermelon, while the average length of watermelon vine was also significantly improved(P < 0.05). Additionally, the acid phosphatase (ACP), cellulase (CL), catalase (CAT) and sucrase (SC) activities in the M45a-inoculation group were significantly higher than in the control (CK) group, and the soil nutrients (total N, NO3-N, and available P) transformation was significantly increased. Moreover, T. asperellum M45a inoculation reduced fungal diversity and increased bacterial diversity, especially enhancing the relative abundance of PGPR (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria), such as Trichoderma, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Actinomadura and Rhodanobacter. Through functional prediction, the relative abundance of Ectomycorrhizal, Endophyte, Animal pathotroph and saprotroph in fungal community was determined to be significantly lower than observed in the M45a-treated soil. Correlation analysis revealed that Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas and Trichoderma had the most differences in microorganisms abundance, positively correlated with ACP, CL, CAT and SC. These findings will provide ecological fungicide advice for microecological control of FW in continuous cropping watermelon.
Investigation of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in the blood of hemodialysis patients from Peshawar, Pakistan.
Authors: ali Abid , Khan Gul Nabi , Salman Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Numan , Ullah Asad , Khan Abdul Haleem , Wazir Shoib , Shamim Fahad , Noureen Samra , Akbar Sher 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim: High prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Hepatitis B (HBV) has reported among dialysis patients throughout the world. The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of HCV and HBV both in Hemodialysis (HD) at District Peshawar, the capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to March 2019. The infections were investigated through serological and molecular techniques. The polymerase chain reaction was performed for only HCV RNA detection in HD patients. The data obtained were compared with available past studies from Pakistan.Results: To evaluate the frequency of HCV, HBV, and co-infection in HD patients. 200 blood samples were collected from dialysis patients who visited Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Among 200, HCV infected were diagnosed in 22%, HBV in 8%. The percentages of male to female diagnosed patients with HCV were 21% and 20% respectively. Moreover, the chi-square test of association among variables based on our empirical findings, it is clear that odds of HCV positive among males is 3.467 times greater than female, with statistically significance (P= 0.012*) against 50 and above age group.. Conclusion: The percentage of HCV positive was found higher in the overall HD patient population. Only 7.5% of patients were found Negative of HBV and HCV in both males and females visited hospitals for dialysis. The high prevalence of hepatitis viruses among HD patients indicates a close relation between HD centers and hepatitis virus transmission. Therefore, preventive control measures are essential to reduce hepatitis transmission in HD centers
Improving the Prognosis of Colon Cancer Through Knowledge-Based Clinical-Molecular Integrated Analysis
Authors: Tong Danyang , Tian Yu , Ye Qiancheng , Li Jun , Ding Kefeng , Li Jingsong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundColon cancer has high morbidity and mortality rates among cancers. Existing clinical staging systems cannot accurately assess the prognostic risk of colon cancer patients. Therefore, new prognostic factors are needed. In this study, a new pathway-based prognostic factor was discovered through a knowledge-based clinical-molecular integrated analysis.MethodsA total of 374 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas Colon Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-COAD) dataset were used as the discovery set and 98 samples from the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) dataset were used as the validation set. After converting gene expression data into pathway dysregulation scores (PDS), the random survival forest and multicovariate Cox model were used to identify the best prognostic supplementary factors. Finally, a clinical prognostic model, a molecular prognostic model and a clinical-molecular integrated prognostic model were constructed to verify the supplementary effect of the discovered prognostic supplementary factor.ResultsThe PDS of 14 pathways played important roles in prognostic prediction together with clinical prognostic factors through the random survival forest. Further screening through the multicovariate Cox model revealed that the PDS of pathway hsa00532 was the best clinical prognostic supplementary factor. The clinical-molecular integrated prognostic model constructed with clinical prognostic factors and the discovered prognostic factor was superior to the clinical prognostic model and molecular prognostic model in discriminative performance (C-indexes of 0.773, 0.746, and 0.619 in the discovery set and 0.893, 0.808, and 0.810 in the validation set, respectively). The Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves of patients grouped by PDS suggested that patients with a higher PDS had poorer prognosis, and stage II patients could be distinctly distinguished.ConclusionThe PDS of pathway hsa00532 was a considerable clinical prognostic supplementary factor for colon cancer and may represent a potential prognostic marker for stage II colon cancer. The PDS calculation involves only 16 genes, which supports its potential clinical application prospects.
Chicken proventricular necrosis virus related transmissible viral proventriculitis in broiler chickens in Poland
Authors: Śmiałek Marcin , Gesek Michał , Dziwulska Daria , Samanta-Niczyporuk Jowita , Koncicki Andrzej 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background.

Transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) is an infectious disease reported in all production types of chickens. TVP is manifested in decreased body weight gains, wide weight diversity of birds in the flock and poor feed conversion. Histopathological examination seems to be the most reliable method for confirming the disease. Although TVP etiology has not been explicitly defined, a novel virus identified as a member of the Birnaviridae family, named chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) has been isolated from clinical cases of TVP and it is now considered as a potential factor of a disease. The study was undertaken in order to reproduce the disease under laboratory conditions and to evaluate the etiology of first described Polish case of TVP.
Results.

Anatomopathological and histopathological evaluation reveled that we've succeeded to reproduce TVP in broiler chickens. Within 14 days after infection birds gained approximately 30,38% less body weight in comparison to Control group. In TVP infected group a seroconversion against FAdV and IBDV was recorded 14 days post infection (dpi). 14 dpi CPNV was detected in proventriculi, while FAdV in spleens and livers of infected birds.
Conclusions.

We have demonstrated that CPNV was involved in the development of the disease. We did not record the presence of IBDV in the TVP or control birds, despite our recording a strong seroconversion against IBDV in the birds from the TVP group. CPNV belongs to the same family as IBDV, which allows us to assume serological cross-reactivity between them. This possibility of CPNV infections affecting IBDV antibody levels detected by commonly available ELISAs should be taken into account under poultry field conditions and diagnosis. The role of FAdV in the development of TVP needs further evaluation.
The resilience as predictor of Quality of Life in participants with borderline personality disorder before and after of treatment
Authors: Guillén Verónica , Tormo Mireia Esplugues , Fonseca-Baeza Sara , Botella Cristina , Baños Rosa , García-Palacios Azucena , Marco Jose Heliodoro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Studies suggested that psychotherapy improved QoL of participants with BPD. However, there are no studies about the differential efficacy of treatments in the QoL of participants with BPD. Moreover, the relationship between QoL and resilience has rarely been studied in participants with BPD. Objectives: a) to examine whether people with BPD have worse QoL than the non-clinical population; b) to examine whether there are statistically significant differences between DBT, STEPPS, and TAU-CBT in the improvement of QoL; c) to examine whether participants show clinically significant improvements in QoL after treatment; d) to analyse whether resilience is associated with QoL before and after the BPD treatment; e) to analyse whether the resilience is a predictor of QoL at pre-treatment and posttreatment.
Method:
The sample comprised 403 participants (n = 202 participants diagnosed with BPD, and n = 201 non-clinical). MANOVA and regression analysis were performed. Results: participants diagnosed with BPD had statistically significant lower resilience than the non-clinical population, all forms of psychotherapy improved QoL, but there was no clinical change after the treatments, resilience was associated with QoL before and after the treatment of BPD and, resilience was a predictor of QoL before and after the treatment.
Conclusion
It is necessary to assess QoL in studies of psychotherapy with BPD.
Performance Evaluation of the Combination of Medical Care and Old-age Service in Old-age Institutions in China: A Two-stage DEA Approach
Authors: Du Na , Yuan Man , Wu Peng , Li Zhiwu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In the context of China’s aging population, comprehensive medical care, convenient diagnosis, comprehensive medical care and elderly care services are increasingly needed. But China's medical care and elderly care service system is still immature. This study aims to build a performance evaluation index/criteria system for the combination of medical care and elderly care services and present an empirical approach to assess them.Methods: A two-stage DEA approach is taken: 1) establish a performance evaluation index system for the combination of medical care and elderly care services, 2) adopt a two-stage DEA to evaluate the performance of 30 pension institutions in China, and 3) Determine and identify important criteria to improve the efficiency of pension institutions. Results: The results show that the two-stage DEA accounted for a relatively high affiance of medical and nursing care services, but resource allocation still needs to be further optimized. Institutions with ineffective DEA need to reduce the five factors of operations, management, fixed assets, technology and services in the input dimension. In the output dimension, the service evaluation effect and safety management effect need to be improved. The performance of combined old-age care and medical care in old-age institutions can be improved in terms of investment in fixed assets, methods of capital subsidies, supervision and management, as well as standardized operations.Conclusions: This study establish a performance evaluation index system for the combination of medical care and elderly care services and present a two-stage DEA empirical approach to evaluate the performance of 30 pension institutions in China, which provides the method supports for decision-makers and researchers in performing evaluation of pension institutions in China, outlines the suggestions in improving them.
Determinants of Successful Guideline Implementation: A National Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Jin Ying-hui , Tan Li-Ming , Khan Khalid S. , Deng Tong , Huang Chao , Han Fei , Zhang Jing , Huang Qiao , Huang Di , Wang Dan-qi , Wang Yu , Zeng Xian-tao , Wang Qiang , Wang Xing-huan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: CPGs are not uniformly successful in improving care and several instances of implementation failure have been reported. Performing a comprehensive assessment of the barriers and enablers is key to developing an informed implementation strategy. To investigate determinants of guideline implementation and explore associations of self-reported adherence to guidelines with characteristics of participants in China.Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey, using multi-stage stratified typical sampling based on China's economic regional divisions (the East, the Middle, the West and the Northeast). 2-5 provinces were selected from each region. 2-3 cities were selected in each province, and secondary and tertiary hospitals from each city were included. We developed a questionnaire underpinned by recommended methods for the design and conduct of self-administered surveys and based on conceptual framework of guideline use, in-depth related literature analysis, guideline development manuals, related behavior change theory. At last, multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression to produce adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).Results: The questionnaire consisted of four sections: knowledge on methodology for developing guidelines; barriers to accessing guideline; barriers to guideline implementation; and methods for improving guideline implementation. There were 1732 participants (87.3% response rate) from 51 hospitals. Of these, 77.2% reported to have used guidelines frequently or very frequently. The key barriers to guideline use were lack of education or training (46.2%), and overly simplistic wording or overly broad scope of recommendations (43.8%). Level of adherence to guidelines was associated with geographical regions (the northeast P＜0.001; the west P=0.02; the middle P＜0.001 compared with the east), hospital grades(P=0.028), length of practitioners’ practice (P =0.006), education background (PhD, P=0.027; Master, P=0.002), evidence-based medicine skills acquired in work unit (P=0.012), and medical specialty of practitioner (General Practice, P=0.006; Surgery, P=0.043). Conclusion: Despite general acknowledgement of the importance of guidelines, the use of guidelines was not as frequent as might have been expected. To optimize the likelihood of adherence to guidelines, guideline implementation should follow an actively developed dissemination plan incorporating features associated with adherence in our study.