bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of intrinsic motivation in ISSP compliance: enterprise digital rights management system case
Authors: Jeon Soohyun , Son Insoo , Han Jinyoung 
Published: May 2020

PurposeEmployee compliance with information system security policies (ISSPs) has been emphasized as a key factor in protecting information assets against insider threats. Even though previous studies have identified extrinsic factors (in the form of external pressure, rewards and social norms) influencing employee compliance, the functioning of employees' intrinsic motivation has not been clearly analyzed. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the influence of intrinsic motivations on employees' ISSP compliance.Design/methodology/approachThis study follows a survey approach and conducts structural equation modeling using WarpPLS 5.0 to test the research model and hypotheses. The survey respondents are users of an enterprise digital rights management (EDRM) system.FindingsThe analysis results demonstrate that work impediments, perceived responsibility and self-efficacy significantly influence the intention to comply with ISSP. Additionally, autonomy significantly affects self-efficacy and perceived responsibility. Furthermore, autonomy plays a moderating role in the relationship between work impediment and ISSP compliance intentions.Originality/valueThis study initiatively explores the effect of intrinsic motivations on ISSP compliance intention of employees for a specific information security system (i.e. the EDRM system). This study clarifies the enabling role of intrinsic motivations in ISSP compliance and helps organizations to understand that employee's self-motivated intention, i.e. autonomy, is an essential factor that achieves a higher level of ISSP compliance in the workplace.
Domestic abuse orders: risk, vulnerability and training
Authors: Ewin Rob , Bates Elizabeth A. , Taylor Julie C. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe use of emergency barring orders (EBO) in the form of domestic violence protection notices and orders (DVPN-O) in reported domestic abuse (DA) cases is a relatively new development in the UK; the effectiveness of these orders has been challenged. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing their issue.Design/methodology/approachFreedom of information (FOI) requests were used alongside a survey tool. Practitioners (n= 76; mainly police practitioners) were asked about approaches to EBO application, risk and training around DA.FindingsThe findings indicate that applications are impacted largely by domestic abuse stalking harassment risk grading, typically resulting in high-risk cases receiving the most attention. Criticisms suggesting that DVPN-Os are of limited use receive some support from this study; however, as their use is restricted to these higher-risk cases, the full effect of the orders may be limited. The most important factors in decision-making are the level of physical violence, repeated victimization and the victims support for a DVPN-O. Police intelligence and the presence of children also have an effect on risk ratings. Less importance was given to lower risk–graded cases, wider intelligence from family members and information from social networks. Findings also indicate that police training is largely limited to “on-the-job” experience, e-learning and e-mail bulletins.Practical implicationsRespondents proposed that training could be enhanced through victim stories, cross-discipline approaches and wider knowledge beyond isolated specialisms. A number of recommendations are made in line with: structuring professional judgment, using victim accounts in police training and movement toward an evidence-led approach.Originality/valueThis research demonstrates a clear link to the way in which risk and the use of EBO are used by police officers. This research also highlights the desire to see and hear from victims in police training. The value of this research is shown in both the combined approach of FOI requests and a survey and assessing a currently under-researched area of DA response.
Order fulfillment errors and military aircraft readiness
Authors: Weber Michael , Steeneck Daniel , Cunningham William 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to measure the effect of supply discrepancy reports (SDRs) on military aircraft readiness metrics, including aircraft availability, not mission capable supply (NMCS) hours, cannibalizations and mission-impaired capability awaiting parts (MICAP) hours.

Design/methodology/approach
Monthly SDR, NMCS, aircraft cannibalizations and MICAP data from 2009 to 2018 are analyzed using linear regression and independent samples t-tests to examine whether discrepant shipments negatively impact aircraft readiness.

Findings
Results of linear regression were significant in 4 of 12 analyses, suggesting that SDRs are a significant predictor of increased cannibalizations. Results of independent samples t-tests found MICAP hours were significantly higher on discrepant shipments compared to nondiscrepant shipments in all three analyses.

Practical implications
This research will increase awareness of the extent to which SDRs degrade aircraft readiness, and provide an opportunity for United States Department of Defense (DoD) supply chain leaders to take action to improve order fulfillment performance in their organizations.

Originality/value
Little research has been done investigating the impact of SDRs within the DoD, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous study has examined the effect of SDRs on military aircraft readiness metrics.
Optimization of special cryptocurrency portfolios
Authors: Schellinger Benjamin 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to elaborate on the optimization of two particular cryptocurrency portfolios in a mean-variance framework. In general, cryptocurrencies can be classified to as coins and tokens where the first can be thought of as a medium of exchange and the latter accounts for security or utility tokens depending upon its design.

Design/methodology/approach
Against this backdrop, this empirical study distinguishes, in particular, between pure coin and token portfolios. Both portfolios are optimized by maximizing the Sharpe ratio and, subsequently, compared with alternative portfolio strategies.

Findings
The empirical findings demonstrate that the maximum utility portfolio of coins, with a risk aversion of λ = 10, outweighs alternative frameworks. The portfolios optimized by maximizing the Sharpe ratio for both coins and tokens indicate a rather poor performance. Testing the maximized utility for different levels of risk aversion confirms the findings of this empirical study and confers them more robustness.

Research limitations/implications
Further investigation is strongly recommended as tokens represent a new phenomenon in the cryptocurrency universe, for which only a limited amount of data are available, which restricts the sampling. Furthermore, future study is to include more sophisticated optimization models using different constraints in portfolio creation.

Practical implications
In light of the persistently substantial volatility in cryptocurrency markets, the empirical findings assert that portfolio managers are advised to construct a global minimum variance portfolio. In the absence of sophisticated optimization models, private investors can invest according to the market values of cryptocurrencies. Despite minor differences in the risk and reward ratios of the portfolios tested, tokens tend to be more speculative, especially, if the Tether token is excluded, which may require enhanced supervision and investor protection by regulating authorities.

Originality/value
As the current literature investigates on diversification effects of blended cryptocurrency portfolios rather than making an explicit distinction, this paper reflects one of the first to explore the investability and role of diversifying coins and tokens using a classic Markowitz approach.
Comparing the productivity of major shipyards in China, South Korea, and Japan – an application of a metafrontier framework
Authors: Chao Shih-Liang , Yeh Yi-Hung 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis study aims to measure the productivity of 21 major shipyards in China, South Korea and Japan.Design/methodology/approachData envelopment analysis was applied to measure the productivity of shipyards. The contemporaneous and intertemporal productivity scores of each shipyard were measured. Additionally, the technical gaps among shipyards in China, South Korea and Japan were measured and compared.FindingsThe results indicate that Japan led the global shipbuilding industry in 2014 and South Korea dominated in 2015. Additionally, from 2014 to 2015, shipyards in South Korea and Japan maintained their levels of productivity. Comparatively, major shipyards in China made substantial progress from 2014 to 2015, revealing their strong ambition to improve productivity.Originality/valueThis study first used a metafrontier framework to measure the technical gap of shipyards among major shipbuilding countries. The model and approach objectively analyze the productivity of major shipyards and considers their nationalities. Additionally, this study is the first to measure changes in the productivity of shipyards. By decomposing the metafrontier Malmquist productivity index, major shipyards were categorized into eight sets. The results of this study can provide a clear direction for shipyards to improve their productivity.
Low-voiding solder pastes in LED assembly
Authors: Dziurdzia Barbara , Sobolewski Maciej , Mikołajek Janusz , Wroński Sebastian 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate voiding phenomena in solder joints under thermal pads of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) assembled in mass production environment by reflow soldering by using seven low-voiding lead-free solder pastes.

Design/methodology/approach
The solder pastes investigated are of SAC305 type, Innolot type or they are especially formulated by the manufacturers on the base of (SnAgCu) alloys with addition of some alloying elements such as Bi, In, Sb and Ti to provide low-void contents. The SnPb solder paste – OM5100 – was used as a benchmark. The solder paste coverage of LED solder pads was chosen as a measure of void contents in solder joints because of common usage of this parameter in industry practice.

Findings
It was found that the highest coverage and, related to it, the least void contents are in solder joints formed with the pastes LMPA-Q and REL61, which are characterized by the coverage of mean value 93.13% [standard deviation (SD) = 2.72%] and 92.93% (SD = 2.77%), respectively. The void diameters reach the mean value equal to 0.061 mm (SD = 0.044 mm) for LMPA-Q and 0.074 mm (SD = 0.052 mm) for REL61. The results are presented in the form of histograms, plot boxes and X-ray images. Some selected solder joints were observed with 3D computer tomography.

Originality/value
The statistical analyses are carried out on the basis of 2D X-ray images with using Origin software. They enable to compare features of various solder pastes recommended by manufacturers as low voiding. The results might be useful for solder paste manufacturers or electronic manufacturing services.
Role of SPRED1 in keratinocyte proliferation in psoriasis
Authors: Li Xinhua , Li Junqin , Lu Funa , Cao Yue , Xing Jianxiao , Li Juan , Hou Ruixia , Yin Guohua , Zhang Kaiming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPsoriasis is a recurrent inflammatory skin disease, affecting approximately 2% of the population. Previous studies have demonstrated that psoriatic dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSC) stimulated keratinocyte (KC) proliferation and that psoriasis exhibited missense SPRED1 mutations. To further investigate the molecular mechanism by which psoriatic DMSC stimulate KC proliferation, and the role of missense SPRED1 mutations in psoriasis, we assessed expression levels of miRNA, and both mRNA and protein of SPRED1 in normal human epidermal keratinocyte cells (NHEK) cocultured with either psoriatic or control DMSC. Expression levels of miRNA and mRNA were determined by RNA sequencing. Expression levels of spred1 protein were assessed using western blot analysis. Moreover, the variation in SPRED1 was also examined by whole‐genome sequencing in 665 psoriatic patients, and verified by Sanger sequencing. Our results showed that coculture of NHEK with psoriatic DMSC induced 32 differentially expressed miRNA, in which expression levels of miR‐1 increased approximately 16‐fold over control DMSC‐treated NHEK (P < 0.05). Likewise, expression levels of miR‐21‐3p increased over twofold (P < 0.05). Moreover, coculture of NHEK with psoriatic DMSC induced marked increase in expression levels of mRNA for MAPK3, CDC25B and CDC25C, while decreasing expression levels of SPRED1 mRNA and protein in comparison with control DMSC treatment (P < 0.05 for all between cocultured with control and psoriatic DMSC). Furthermore, psoriasis displayed non‐synonymous mutation of SPRED1 enriched in exon 7: c.A881T:p.Y294F (chr15:38351210). These results suggest that dysregulation and mutations of SPRED1 may participate in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including epidermal hyperproliferation.
Identification of the minimum region of Bordetella pertussis Vag8 required for interaction with C1 inhibitor
Authors: Onoda Naoki , Hiramatsu Yukihiro , Teruya Shihono , Suzuki Koichiro , Horiguchi Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn autotransporter of Bordetella pertussis, virulence‐associated gene 8 (Vag8), binds and inactivates the complement regulator, C1 inhibitor (C1‐Inh), and plays a role in evasion of the complement system. However, the molecular interaction between Vag8 and C1‐Inh remains unclear. Here, we localized the minimum region of Vag8 required for interaction with C1‐Inh by examining the differently truncated Vag8 derivatives for the ability to bind and inactivate C1‐Inh. The truncated Vag8 containing amino‐acid residues 102–548, but not 102–479 and 202–648, showed the full activity of intact Vag8, suggesting that the separate 102–202 and 548–648 amino‐acid regions of Vag8 mediate the interaction with C1‐Inh.
Correcting density/sonic logs for total organic carbon to reduce uncertainty in pore pressure prediction
Authors: Green Sam , Vernik Lev 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTPore pressure prediction in shales undergoing compaction, including both mechanical and chemical processes, is customarily related to the mechanism referred to disequilibrium compaction. However, even when this mechanism is established and the normal compaction trend in sonic velocity, as a proxy for shale porosity, is well constrained, the pore pressure prediction may be in error because of the lithological variation in shale composition. The presence of solid organic matter in excess amounts in shale formations that have never been exposed to the pressure–temperature conditions in the oil window is an example of these lithological effects, causing marked overprediction of pore pressure even in thermally immature mudrocks. This necessitates implementation of bulk density and sonic velocity log corrections in organic‐rich shales prior to performing standard pore pressure prediction workflows. In this paper, it is shown how these corrections can be made and the outcomes of the pore pressure prediction can be dramatically improved by using combination of rock physics models relating bulk density to total organic carbon and P‐wave velocity to bulk density in organic‐rich and conventional shales, respectively. To illustrate the workflow, a case study from a well drilled through the Kimmeridge Clay Formation in the North Sea, a well‐recognized source rock with total organic carbon content in the 2%–12% range and significant variation in clay content from 25% to 60%, both of which strongly affect the most commonly utilized log responses recorded in this formation. Using this old but data‐rich well, the importance of accounting for both total organic carbon and clay content variations in pore pressure prediction is demonstrated. It is also recognized that this workflow does not immediately apply to unconventional shale plays, where the pore pressure generation mechanisms are more complex and cannot be solely ascribed to compaction disequilibrium.
Shark movement strategies influence poaching risk and can guide enforcement decisions in a large, remote marine protected area
Authors: Jacoby David M. P. , Ferretti Francesco , Freeman Robin , Carlisle Aaron B. , Chapple Taylor K. , Curnick David J. , Dale Jonathan J. , Schallert Robert J. , Tickler David , Block Barbara A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Large, remote marine protected areas (MPAs) containing both reef and pelagic habitats, have been shown to offer considerable refuge to populations of reef‐associated sharks. Many large MPAs are, however, impacted by illegal fishing activity conducted by unlicensed vessels. While enforcement of these reserves is often expensive, it would likely benefit from the integration of ecological data on the mobile animals they are designed to protect. Consequently, shark populations in some protected areas continue to decline, as they remain a prime target for illegal fishers.

To understand shark movements and their vulnerability to illegal fishing, 3 years of acoustic tracking data, from 101 reef‐associated sharks, were analysed as movement networks to explore the predictability of movement patterns and identify key movement corridors within the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) MPA. We examined how space use and connectivity overlap with spatially explicit risk of illegal fishing, through data obtained from the management consultancy enforcing the MPA.

Using individual‐based models, the movement networks of two sympatric shark species were efficiently predicted with distance‐decay functions (>95% movements accurately predicted). Model outliers were used to highlight the locations with unexpectedly high movement rates where MPA enforcement patrols might most efficiently mitigate predator removal.

Activity space estimates and network metrics illustrate that silvertip sharks were more dynamic, less resident and link larger components of the MPA than grey reef sharks. However, we show that this behaviour potentially enhances their exposure to illegal fishing activity.

Synthesis and applications. Marine protected area (MPA) enforcement strategies are often limited by resources. The British Indian Ocean Territory MPA, one of the world's largest ‘no take’ MPAs, has a single patrol vessel to enforce 640,000 km2 of open ocean, atoll and reef ecosystems. We argue that to optimize the patrol vessel search strategy and thus enhance their protective capacity, ecological data on the space use and movements of desirable species, such as large‐bodied reef predators, must be incorporated into management plans. Here, we use electronic tracking data to evaluate how shark movement dynamics influence species mortality trajectories in exploited reef ecosystems. In doing so we discuss how network analyses of such data might be applied for protected area enforcement.
Chassis engineering of Escherichia coli for trans‐4‐hydroxy‐l‐proline production
Authors: Chen Xiulai , Yi Juyang , Song Wei , Liu Jia , Luo Qiuling , Liu Liming 
Published: May 2020

SummaryMicrobial production of trans‐4‐hydroxy‐l‐proline (Hyp) offers significant advantages over conventional chemical extraction. However, it is still challenging for industrial production of Hyp due to its low production efficiency. Here, chassis engineering was used for tailoring Escherichia coli cellular metabolism to enhance enzymatic production of Hyp. Specifically, four proline 4‐hydroxylases (P4H) were selected to convert l‐proline to Hyp, and the recombinant strain overexpressing DsP4H produced 32.5 g l−1 Hyp with α‐ketoglutarate addition. To produce Hyp without α‐ketoglutarate addition, α‐ketoglutarate supply was enhanced by rewiring the TCA cycle and l‐proline degradation pathway, and oxygen transfer was improved by fine‐tuning heterologous haemoglobin expression. In a 5‐l fermenter, the engineered strain E. coliΔsucCDΔputA‐VHb(L)‐DsP4H showed a significant increase in Hyp titre, conversion rate and productivity up to 49.8 g l−1, 87.4% and 1.38 g l−1 h−1 respectively. This strategy described here provides an efficient method for production of Hyp, and it has a great potential in industrial application.
Does institutional patient accrual volume impact overall survival in patients with inoperable non‐small‐cell lung cancer receiving radical (chemo)radiation? A secondary analysis of TROG 99.05
Authors: Tan Mun Yee , Fisher Richard , Ball David 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionIncreased hospital patient volume, reflecting greater experience, has been shown to be associated with improved survival for some cancers. However, there is no evidence to support the volume–outcome hypothesis for inoperable non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients within the Australasian setting. We examined the relationship between overall survival (OS) and institutional patient accrual volume (IPAV) in a large prospective Australasian NSCLC database (TROG 99.05).MethodsTROG 99.05 was an observational study which accrued patients from 1999 to 2007 to examine the relationship between primary lung cancer volume and survival. To be eligible for inclusion, patients had to have inoperable, biopsy‐proven NSCLC planned for radiotherapy to a minimum dose of 50Gy in 20 fractions, with or without chemotherapy. Participating institutions were de‐identified and grouped according to whether accrual was low, medium or high. OS was compared between groups and adjusted for prognostic factors using Cox regression.ResultsAbout 509 patients were accrued from 16 centres. Median potential follow‐up time was 60 months. Median survival for all groups was 20 months (95% CI 18.3–21.8 months). There were no statistically significant differences in OS with increasing patient accrual across the three groups after adjustment for prognostic factors (P = 0.84, 2 df). The hazard ratios (HR) for group accrual volumes, relative to that for high‐accrual volume, were as follows: low, 1.18; medium, 1.14. Test for trend: HR = 0.91 per group (95% CI 0.76–1.09, P = 0.31).ConclusionIn the setting of a clinical trial with rigorous quality assurance, we found no evidence for an association between institutional accrual and survival.