bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivery Route and the Outcome of Newborn Hearing Screening of Full-Term Neonates Born in a Public Maternal-Infant Hospital in the South of Brazil
Authors: Vernier Luíza Silva , Schneider Karoline Lemos , Zanini Claudia , Paniz Tatiana , Levandowski Daniela Centenaro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction The newborn hearing screening (NHS) is the most effective strategy for detecting newborns and infants suspected to have hearing loss.
Objective To verify possible associations between the route of delivery and the results of the NHS conducted at 3 independent times (24, 36, and 36 hours with a facilitator auricular maneuver [FAM]) in the lives of full-term newborns.
Methods A descriptive, observational, prospective study performed with a sample of 462 newborns, with a gestational age ≥ 37 weeks, without risk indicators of hearing loss. The NHS was conducted as a routine element of the facilities, two times: at 24 and 36 hours of life. In the presence of a “failure” in the last test, a new one was immediately performed, following the FAM. Statistic analyses were carried out on the program SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results Of the 462 newborns assessed, 304 (65.80%) were born by vaginal delivery. There was a statistical significance of “pass” in the NHS for the 24-hour evaluation (p ≤ 0.001 for a vaginal delivery and p = 0.002 for a cesarean delivery), with the prevalence of the “pass” index being higher when the baby's lifespan was greater. A statistically significant difference was not observed when the NHS results were compared by taking into account the babies' routes of delivery and the different times of life.
Conclusion These findings show that full-term babies who were born by cesarean did not show more “failure” in the NHS results, contradicting the hypothesis of the study. Furthermore, to reduce the false-negative rates, regardless of the route of delivery, this assessment should be conducted after the first 24 hours of the newborns' life.
The Role of FNAC in the Diagnosis and Management of Warthin Tumour: Analysis of 74 Cases
Authors: Zahran Mohamed , Alsedra Sundus , Cope Daron , Youssef Ahmed 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroduction After pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin tumor gets its popularity as the second most common benign neoplasm of the parotid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most cost-effective and minimally-invasive way to determine the histological character of a parotid gland tumor.Objective To determine the accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of Warthin Tumour.Methods A retrospective study conducted between 2014 and 2018. Out of 243 FNACs performed for parotid lesions, a histopathological correlation was established in 74 cases to reveal the accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of Warthin tumor.Results A total of 243 FNACs of parotid lesions were performed, and a histopathological correlation was established in 74 (30.4%) cases. Later on, we confirmed that 16 (21.6%) out of these 74 patients had cases of Warthin tumor. In total, 15 (20.3%) out of those 74 cases were confirmed as Warthin tumors on the initial cytology, which revealed a true positive concordance between the cytology and the final histological diagnosis; 55/74 (74%) were true negative results; on the other hand, 1/74 (1.4%) was a false negative, and 3/74 (4.1%) were false positive results. The sensitivity of the FNAC in the diagnosis of Warthin tumor was of 93%, while the specificity was of 94.8%, and the accuracy, of 94.6%.Conclusion In the present study, FNAC had a high diagnostic accuracy, reaching 94%.
Imaging Studies in Otosclerosis: An Up-to-date Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mangia Lucas Resende Lucinda , Coelho Luiz Otávio de Mattos , Carvalho Bettina , de Oliveira Adriana Kosma Pires , Hamerschmidt Rogerio 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the otic capsule, frequently responsible for acquired hearing loss in adults. Although the diagnostic value of imaging investigations in otosclerosis is debatable, they might still be employed with different goals within the context of the disease.
Objectives The present paper aims to review the most recent literature on the use of imaging studies in otosclerosis for the most varied purposes, from routine application and differential diagnosis to prognostic prediction and investigation of surgical failure.
Data Synthesis The diagnosis of otosclerosis is usually clinical, but computed tomography (CT) is paramount in particular cases for the differential diagnosis. The routine use, however, is not supported by strong evidence. Even so, there is growing evidence of the role of this method in surgical planning and prediction of postoperative prognosis. In specific scenarios, for example when superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) syndrome is suspected or in surgical failure, CT is crucial indeed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), however, has limited – although important – indications in the management of individuals with otosclerosis, especially in the evaluation of postoperative complications and in the follow-up of medical treatment in active ostosclerosis.
Conclusion Imaging studies have a broad range of well-established indications in otosclerosis. Besides, although the routine use of CT remains controversial, the most recent papers have shed light into new potential benefits of imaging prior to surgery.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in Human Uterine Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Mani Arunmani , Hotra John W. , Blackwell Sean C. , Goetzl Laura , Refuerzo Jerrie S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to determine if mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) would suppress the inflammatory response in human uterine cells in an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-based preterm birth (PTB) model.Study Design Cocultures of human uterine smooth muscle cells (HUtSMCs) and MSCs were exposed to 5 μg/mL LPS for 4 hours and further challenged with 1 μg/mL LPS for a subsequent 24 hours. Key elements of the parturition cascade regulated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were quantified in culture supernatant as biomarkers of MSC modulation.Results Coculture with MSCs significantly attenuated TLR-4, p-JNK, and p- extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) protein levels compared with HUtSMCs monoculture (p = 0.05). In addition, coculture was associated with significant inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 (p = 0.0001) and increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (p = 0.0001).Conclusion MSCs appear to play a role in significantly attenuating LPS-mediated inflammation via alteration of down-stream MAPKs. MSCs may represent a novel, cell-based therapy in women with increased risk of inflammatory-mediated preterm birth.
Establishing Better Evidence on Remote Monitoring for Postpartum Hypertension: A Silver Lining of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Sawyer Michala R. , Jaffe Elana F. , Naqvi Mariam , Sarma Amy , Barth William H. , Goldfarb Ilona T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe transformation of our health care system in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides a unique opportunity to examine the use of telehealth for postpartum care. The postpartum period can pose significant risks and challenges, particularly for women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Remote blood pressure monitoring has proven feasible and acceptable among women and providers but has not been widely implemented or researched. Early studies have identified improved outcomes with use of telehealth, including increased compliance with care and decreased disparity in hypertension follow-up. Preliminary data make a compelling case for remote monitoring as a promising treatment strategy to manage postpartum hypertension. Remote monitoring technology should be incorporated as a standard component for the comprehensive management of postpartum hypertension during COVID-19. As a consequence of the pandemic, we now have an opportunity to research the impact of postpartum remote blood pressure monitoring on maternal outcome and disparities within these outcomes.
Evaluation of a Fixed-Angle Wedge Osteotomy Guide
Authors: Neal Katherine M. , Frederick Steven W. , Corse Matthew R. , Cross Alan R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to evaluate a fixed-angle cutting guide designed to aid in the performance of coplanar wedge osteotomies using a proximal tibial cranial closing wedge ostectomy model.Study Design A 30-degree cranial closing wedge ostectomy was created using canine tibia models with either a standard template (method T) or a wedge osteotomy guide (method G) by two surgeons. One surgeon was experienced with both procedures, and one surgeon had no previous experience with the wedge guide. The ostectomy wedges were evaluated for wedge angle, using a digital protractor, and coplanarity by using digital photographs and screen-measuring software.Results The mean (standard deviation) wedge angles of the T and G groups were 28.16 (1.33) and 28.4 degrees (1.46) respectively. The mean (standard deviation) divergence angles of the T and G groups were 3.21 (1.86) and 2.22 degrees (1.69) respectively. The measured reference angles of the template and cut guides were 31.27 and 29.60 degrees respectively. Individual and cross-surgeon analysis of outcomes found no significant differences when comparing wedge angle or coplanarity with either method regardless of surgeon experience. However, mean wedge angle of group G was significantly closer to the measured reference angles than group T (p < 0.01).Conclusion Use of a fixed-angle surgical wedge guide was successful in consistently producing accurate closing wedge ostectomies regardless of surgeon experience. These results show that use of the guide is a valid method for performing wedge ostectomies.
Response of an Obstetric Unit during the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Experiences from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Kumaraswami Sangeeta , Pradhan Tana S. , Vrabie-Wolf Sorana , Lodhi Sadaf , Rajendran Geetha P. , Tedjarati Sean S. , Grimes Cara L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective To describe our experiences in preparing our obstetric unit in Westchester County, New York, during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) pandemic. We focus on describing our timeline, continuously evolving actions, observations, and challenges.Methods With guidance from the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH), our institutional epidemiologist, and key multidisciplinary faculty members, we evaluated emerging national data as well as expert opinions to identify issues and challenges to create action plans.Results We created and modified policies for our patients presenting for obstetrical care on the labor and delivery unit to accommodate their unique needs during this pandemic.Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has posed many unique challenges. Balancing communication, risks of infection to providers, patient autonomy and rights, and resources for testing and personal protective equipment were among the valuable lessons learnt. We have shared our experiences and described our observations and challenges in Westchester County, New York.
Associations among Discharge Opioid Prescribing and Inpatient Postpartum Opioid Usage after Delivery
Authors: Veade Ashley , McKinnish Tyler , Carter Ebony , Lewkowitz Adam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to identify an association between inpatient opioid consumption and prescription at discharge after vaginal delivery (VD) and cesarean delivery (CD).
Methods This retrospective cohort study included women with an active inpatient opioid order after VD or CD between July and October of 2018 at a single academic tertiary hospital. Women with opioid use disorder, 3rd or 4th degree lacerations, wound complications, and peripartum hysterectomy were excluded. Oxycodone 5-mg (mg) tablets consumed postpartum and prescribed at discharge and sociodemographics were recorded. Primary outcome was the number of oxycodone 5-mg tablets prescribed at discharge. Outcomes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression between quartiles of inpatient opioid consumption.
Results A total of 437 patients were included: 169 patients underwent VD, and 268 underwent CD. For VD and CD, women in the highest quartile of inpatient opioid consumption were more likely Black compared with the lowest quartile (p = 0.006 and p = 0.004, respectively). No association existed between inpatient opioid use and number of tablets prescribed at discharge for VD or CD (odds ratio [OR] 0.22 [95% confidence interval or CI 0.02–2.17] and OR 1.04 [95% CI 0.85–1.32], respectively).
Conclusion The number of opioid tablets prescribed at discharge had no association with inpatient postpartum consumption after VD or CD.
Intracranial Intradural Vascular Injury during Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Babgi Mohammed , Alsaleh Saad , Babgi Yaser , Baeesa Saleh , Ajlan Abdulrazag 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is a procedure for sellar or midline masses in the skull base. Among the reported complications are iatrogenic vascular injuries; that are rare, yet they carry devastating outcomes, with an incidence of injury between 0.34 and 2.6%. The cavernous internal carotid artery is the most commonly injured. However, intradural arterial injuries are much less reported with challenging management. We report a rare incident of intradural arterial injury during TSS, and we compared our management to the summarized few cases reported in the literatureCase Report We report a 43-year-old female who had a recurrent planum sphenoidal meningioma. She underwent trans-nasal transsphenoidal endoscopic resection that was complicated with intraoperative bleeding due to an injury to the anterior communicating artery that was challenging to control, resulted in a bilateral loss of flow in A1 segments of anterior cerebral artery and required endovascular management. The patient had a good recovery postoperatively without the typical picture of ACA syndrome.Conclusion Intradural arterial injury is exceedingly rare in TSS, with no clear standard of care for the management. Collateral blood supply allows definitive management with minimal morbidity. Identifying the risk factors beforehand, as well as performing such cases in a well-resourced center, are crucial elements of safety.
Health benefits of on-road transportation pollution control programs in China
Authors: Wang Haikun , He Xiaojing , Liang Xinyu , Choma Ernani F. , Liu Yifan , Shan Li , Zheng Haotian , Zhang Shaojun , Nielsen Chris P. , Wang Shuxiao , Wu Ye , Evans John S. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
On-road vehicles have become a significant source of air pollution in Chinese cities. Air pollution in China has substantial impacts on public health and is thought to be responsible for millions of deaths each year. The government has implemented comprehensive control measures to mitigate vehicle emissions since the late 1990s. In this paper, we analyze how the historical control actions during 1998–2015 affected air quality and public health. We constructed an integrated framework combining emission scenarios, air quality modeling, and population health risk assessment. Our results demonstrate that the control measures have led to substantial improvements in public health and provide insight into strategies for further mitigation of negative effects from China’s future motorization on air quality and public health.
Innovation on screen
Authors: Reichelt Susan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study explores marked affixation as a possible cue for characterization in scripted television dialogue. The data used here is the newly compiled TV Corpus, which encompasses over 265 million words in its North American English context. An initial corpus-based analysis quantifies the innovative use of affixes in word-formation processes across the corpus to allow for comparison with a following character analysis, which investigates how derivational word-formation supports characterization patterns within a specific series,Buffy the Vampire Slayer. For this, a list of productive prefixes (e.g.de-,un-) and suffixes (e.g. -y, -ish) is used to elicit relevant contexts. The study thus combines two approaches to word-formation processes in scripted contexts. On a large scale, it shows how derivational neologisms are spread across TV dialogue and on a much smaller scale, it highlights particular instances where these neologisms are used to aid character construction.
Towards defining reference materials for measuring extracellular vesicle refractive index, epitope abundance, size and concentration
Authors: Welsh Joshua A. , van der Pol Edwin , Bettin Britta A. , Carter David R. F. , Hendrix An , Lenassi Metka , Langlois Marc‐André , Llorente Alicia , van de Nes Arthur S. , Nieuwland Rienk , Tang Vera , Wang Lili , Witwer Kenneth W. , Jones Jennifer C. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTAccurate characterization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is critical to explore their diagnostic and therapeutic applications. As the EV research field has developed, so too have the techniques used to characterize them. The development of reference materials are required for the standardization of these techniques. This work, initiated from the ISEV 2017 Biomarker Workshop in Birmingham, UK, and with further discussion during the ISEV 2019 Standardization Workshop in Ghent, Belgium, sets out to elucidate which reference materials are required and which are currently available to standardize commonly used analysis platforms for characterizing EV refractive index, epitope abundance, size and concentration. Due to their predominant use among EV researchers, a particular focus is placed on the optical methods nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry.
Applying pulsed corona discharge in hypersaline droplets
Authors: Almada L F A , Fontes K E S , Vitoriano J O , Melo V R M , Fraga F E N , Jr C Alves 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Crystallization of salts in droplets of hypersaline solution placed on a glass slide was monitored and evaluated under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity. Pulsed corona discharge (PCD) was applied over sessil droplets on a glass surface, and its effect in the crystallization is demonstrated for the first time. These results were compared with natural evaporation. Under natural evaporation, crystals are firstly formed on surface, near edges of the drop and grow towards the center, eventually acquiring a pyramidal morphology. Under PCD, a Taylor cone is formed between electrode and droplet surface and then, 4 s after the beginning of the discharge, small crystals were formed on the cone besides a dense crystal film around the discharge incidence point in the droplet. These results are discussed considering existing knowledge about plasma–liquid interaction (PLI) and dynamical of crystal growth. This paper explores an interesting aspect of PLIs, which has both fundamental and practical usefulness, for understanding desalination processes, salt crystallization on water surface and biomedical science for advances in electrosurgical methods.
Flexible Sb-graphene-carbon nanofibers as binder-free anodes for potassium-ion batteries with enhanced properties
Authors: Huang Zhao , Ding Shuangshuang , Li Pengchao , Chen Changmiao , Zhang Ming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are emerging as attractive alternatives to lithium-ion batteries for the large scale energy storage and conversion systems, in view of the natural abundance and low cost of potassium resources. However, the lack of applicable anodes for reversible accommodation to the large K+ limits the application of KIBs. Herein, porous Sb-graphene-carbon (Sb-G-C) nanofibers are fabricated via a scalable and facile electrospinning approach. As an attempt, the nanofibers weaving into flexible mats are introduced as binder-free anode materials of KIBs, presenting a great cycle life (204.95 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1), as well as the excellent rate capability (120.83 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1). The superior performances of the Sb-G-C anodes can be derived from the dispersed graphene, which offers enhanced tolerance to the volume change and promotes the electron transportation, accounting for the outstanding cyclability and rate capability. Furthermore, the extrinsic pseudocapacitance created from the 1D porous nanostructure of the Sb-G-C also boosts the K+ storage capacity. The presented results may pave a new pathway for future high-performance KIBs.
Space weather interference in Earth communications and construction of a small-scale radio telescope for Sun observation in radio waves using Arduino
Authors: Renan Aryel F Silva , Porto Cavalcante Isabela , Hamilton Perez S Corrêa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This work describes the construction of a small-scale radio telescope using open source hardware technologies which can be used as a tool in the training of engineers and physicists, as well as in the dissemination of important technologies for space weather monitoring studies, security of radio communication networks and maintenance of essential services for contemporary society.
Surveying Kazakh high school students’ attitudes and beliefs about physics and learning with the Colorado learning attitudes about science survey
Authors: Balta Nuri , Cessna Stephen G , Kaliyeva Assem 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Colorado learning attitudes about science survey (CLASS) was given to 308 high school physics students in Almaty, Kazakhstan, where physics is taught every year through middle and high school. Student responses were tested using several different latent factor models: two based on those published in the recent literature and two new models developed through exploratory factor analysis. Four subscales containing 25 of the original CLASS items were found to be internally reliable and cross-culturally valid. These are Conceptual Connections, Personal Interests, Sense-Making/Effort, and Personal Application and Relation to the Real World. Scores on Conceptual Connections correlated significantly with grade level; Sense-Making correlated most with exam scores; and Personal Applications and Relation to Real World scale best differentiated males and females, where males score significantly higher. Our findings are compared to those in previous international reports.
A Sarong rolled around a body demonstrates that the force for separating two sheets joined by folding and rolling is very large
Authors: Akbar Fathan , Abdullah Mikrajuddin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A lot of new science has been inspired by common phenomena and even by old traditions practiced in our daily lives. Eventually, after deep exploration, this may engender unexpected new technologies. In this paper, inspired by the wearing of a traditional cloth called a sarong, by the community in South East Asian countries and others, we investigate the behavior of sheets folded in the same way as the rolling of the sarong around the stomach. Simple equipment was designed to qualitatively collect the data which was combined with simple modeling. The rolling of the sarong around the stomach generates a joining force between two sheets, increasing proportionally to the square of the number of rolls. This finding can potentially be applied for developing a method for strongly joining sheets by simply rolling them and releasing the join by unrolling. This work can also be simply duplicated elsewhere, so it is worthy of teaching materials at undergraduate level. Both the scientific and the teaching contents can be extracted simultaneously.