bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancelamento de cirurgias eletivas em hospital escola: causas e estatísticas
Authors: Ferreira Cavalcante de Sousa Araújo Patrícia , Silva do Nascimento Joice , Barbosa de Melo Azedo Shirlane Priscilla , Mesquita Xavier Suênia , Karolyne Fernandes Costa Isabel , Martins Melo Gabriela de Sousa 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Investigar las tasas de suspensión y motivos de cancelación de las cirugías electivas en un hospital en Rio Grande do Norte.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, cuantitativo, con análisis documental de los registros archivados en el sistema informatizado MV de la unidad del Centro quirúrgico del Hospital Universitario Onofre Lopes, en el período de abril de 2015 a abril de 2016.Resultados: De las 8.622 (100%) cirugías programadas para el período investigado, el 74,2% fueron realizadas y el 25,8% canceladas. Entre las cirugías canceladas (2.227), la mayoría de las cancelaciones se hicieron por cirugía general (37,5%) y urología (21,6%). Los principales motivos de cancelación se introdujeron en las categorías relacionadas con la organización de la unidad (34,4%); relacionados con recursos humanos (27,1%); relacionados al paciente (6,5%); relacionado con materiales y equipamientos (6,2%), sin justificación (5,5%) y cirugía condicional (0,3%).Conclusiones: Este estudio se torna relevante, pues permitió identificar las causas de cancelaciones de cirugías electivas en un hospital de la red pública, contribuyendo para mejorar la actuación profesional frente a la problemática, siendo posible reducir la cantidad de suspensiones, considerando que la mayoría de los motivos de cancelación son prevenibles
Objective: To investigate the suspension rates and reasons for cancellation of elective surgery in a teaching hospital in Rio Grande do Norte. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, quantitative study, with documentary analysis of the records filed in the computerized system of the Surgical Center unit of Onofre Lopes University Hospital, from April 2015 to April 2016.Results: Of the 8.622 (100%) scheduled surgeries for the surveyed period, 74.2% were performed and 25.8% canceled. Among the canceled surgeries (2.227), most cancellations were made by General Surgery (37.5%) and Urology (21.6%). The main reasons for cancellations were included in the categories related to the following aspects: unit's organization (34.4%); related to human resources (27.1%); patient-related (6.5%); related to materials and equipment (6.2%), without justification (5.5%) and conditional surgery (0.3%).Conclusions: The study identified the cancellations causes of elective surgeries in a teaching hospital, contributing to the improvement of professional performance. This may contribute to reduce the number of suspensions, considering that most reasons for cancellation are preventable.
Hyperthyroidism in hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Leylek Ö.A. , Çetin A. , Toyaksi M. , Erselcan T. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the hormonal and hematologic parameters of 24 patients with hyperemesis gravidarum without evidence of thyroid disease compared with matched controls. Methods: Twenty‐four pregnant women with hyperemesis and 20 control subjects were included in this study. A prospective comparison of hormonal milieu of hCG and thyroid function was performed. Results: Mean serum hCG, fT3, and fT4 levels of patients were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.007), while there was no statistically significant difference in terms of TSH. Serum hCG correlated negatively with TSH and positively with fT3 and fT4 in the patient group (r = 0.66, r = 0.70, r = 0.85; P < 0.05, respectively), while there was no relationship between hCG and thyroid functions in controls (r < 0.25). The lymphocyte count of patients was significantly higher than that of controls (P < 0.007), while there were no statistically significant differences in the overall white blood count and the granulocyte count (P > 0.007). The lymphocyte count correlated positively with serum hCG, fT4 and fT3, and negatively with TSH in the patient group (r = 0.73, r = 0.72, r = 0.64 and r = −0.63; P < 0.05, respectively), while there was no relationship between lymphocyte count and serum hCG, fT4, fT3 and TSH in controls (r < 0.25). Conclusions: Maternal immune recognition of the conceptus and immune response, hypothetically, may be related to the high level of hCG and/or fT4. Patients who have hyperthyroidism in early pregnancy should be assessed for transient hyperthyroidism as it relates to hyperemesis gravidarum.
Effects of adenosine on cAMP production during early development in the optic tectum of chicks
Authors: Tasca C.I. , Vendite D. , Garcia K.L. , Souza D.O. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAccumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) elicited by adenosine was studied in slices and membrane preparations of optic tectum from chicks aged 1–13days post‐hatch. Accumulation of cAMP promoted by adenosine declined with age, chicks and the lowest in 11‐day‐old chicks. However, when the slices were incubated with adenosine and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor‐Ro 20‐1724 the differences between teh two ages were abolished, suggesting a higher phosphodiesterase activity in 11‐day‐old chicks. In membrane preparations, although basal adenylate cyclase activity was lower in three‐day‐old chicks, the guanylyl‐imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) concentration curves for stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity indicated a higher sensitivity of G protein to Gpp(NH)p at this age. This hypothesis was reinforced by the observation that the binding of [3H]Gpp(NH)p to the membrane preparation was greater in three‐day‐old animals. In spite of these differences, the percentage of adenylate cyclase activity stimulation by 2‐chloroadenosine (2CADO) + Gpp(NH)p was the same at both ages. These findings suggest that the decreased response evoked by adenosine during development is probably due to increased phosphodiesterase activity and a lower sensitivity of adenylate cyclase activity to Gpp(NH)p.
Early risk factors in schizophrenia: place and season of birth
Authors: Takei N , Sham PC , Callaghan EO' , Glover G , Murray RM 
Published: July 2002

SummaryFirst admission psychiatric patients born in England and Wales between 1938 and 1963, and discharged from hospitals in England and Wales between 1976 and 1986, were examined. Using logistic regression, we tested the hypothesis that the risk of shizophrenia varies by place, and season of birth. Persons born in city areas showed a 12% greater risk of schizophrenia (odds ratio 1.12; 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.19) than those born in non-city areas, when compared with other psychiatric patients. The increase in risk was particularly high for individuals born in city areas in winter (21%, ie odds ratio 1.21 and confidence interval 1.08 to 1.36). These findings suggest that the factor(s) responsible for the season-of-birth effect preferentially affects city born schizophrenics.
A preliminary investigation of the relationships between employee motivation/vision, service learning, and perceived service quality
Authors: Hays Julie M , Hill Arthur V 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMost experts agree that a learning organization whose employees have a clear vision of the importance of service quality and are motivated to provide that quality will achieve superior service quality. We develop a theoretical framework and conduct a cross‐sectional empirical study to investigate the inter‐relationships among these constructs. The results indicate that higher levels of both employees’ motivation/vision and organizational learning positively affect perceived service quality. Additionally, employees’ motivation/vision was found to mediate the relationship between organizational learning and perceived service quality. These results highlight the importance of employees’ motivation/vision in both the service process and the learning process.
Gliding characteristics of tendon repair in canine flexor digitorum profundus tendons
Authors: Zhao Chunfeng , Amadio Peter C. , Zobitz Mark E. , An Kai‐Nan 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe gliding resistance between the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon and the proximal pulley system was measured using the method of S. Uchiyama, J.H. Coert, L. Berglund, P.C. Amadio, K.N. An (J. Orthop. Res. 13 (1995) 83) in 108 adult dog digits in vitro. The FDP tendons were then lacerated to 80% of their transverse section. Each tendon was repaired with one of the following six suture techniques: Kessler, modified Kessler, Savage, Lee, Becker and simple running suture alone. Each repaired tendon was then tested again using the same method. The Student—Newman—Keuls test for multiple comparisons was performed for statistical analysis. The average gliding resistances of the Kessler, Savage, and Becker repairs were significantly greater than the resistances of the Lee, modified Kessler, and running suture alone repairs (P < 0.05). The Lee suture technique had a significantly greater resistance than the modified Kessler repair and the running suture (P < 0.05). The results of the peak gliding resistance followed the same trends, except that the modified Kessler repair was significantly higher than the running suture alone (P < 0.05). Suture techniques with a multi‐strand core suture, with knots located outside the tendon surface, and with multiple‐loops on the tendon surface may result in increased gliding resistance between the tendon and pulley system after tendon repair. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Regulation of regional cerebral blood flow by cholinergic fibers originating in the basal forebrain
Authors: Sato Akio , Sato Yuko , Uchida Sae 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe intracranial neural vasodilative system of cholinergic fibers projecting from the basal forebrain to the cortex was discovered by Biesold, Inanami, Sato and Sato (Biesold, D., Inanami, O., Sato, A., Sato, Y., 1989. Stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert increases cerebral cortical blood flow in rats. Neurosci. Lett. 98, 39–44) using laser Doppler flowmetry in anesthetized rats. This cholinergic vasodilative system, which operates by increasing extracellular ACh release, relies upon activation of both muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the parenchyma of the cortex. Further, the involvement of nitric oxide in this cholinergic vasodilation, indicates the necessity to this system of neurons, which contain nitric oxide synthase. The increase in cortical blood flow elicited by this cholinergic vasodilative system is independent of systemic blood pressure and is not coupled to cortical metabolic rates. This cholinergic vasodilative system may be activated by somatic afferent stimulation. Most of the data presented here were obtained in anesthetized animals.
Personality traits in social phobia
Authors: Marteinsdottir I. , Furmark T. , Tillfors M. , Fredrikson M. , Ekselius L. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe purpose was to assess personality traits in subjects with a DSM-IV diagnosis of social phobia. Thirty-two subjects were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV for Axes I and II disorders (SCID I and II). Personality traits were assessed by means of the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP). Current and lifetime axis I co-morbidity was diagnosed in 28% and 53% of the subjects, respectively. In total, 59% had at least one personality disorder and 47% were diagnosed with an avoidant personality disorder.The social phobics scored significantly higher than a Swedish normative sample on the KSP measuring anxiety proneness, irritability, detachment, and indirect aggression but lower on the scales for socialisation and social desirability. The presence as compared to absence of avoidant personality disorder in the social phobics was associated with significantly higher psychic anxiety and inhibition of aggression. In addition, symptom severity was higher in social phobics with an avoidant personality disorder. Generally, the results support the view that social phobia and avoidant personality disorder reflect different aspects of a social anxiety spectrum.
STATE REGULATION OF MIDWIVES: ISSUES AND OPTIONS
Authors: Reed Alyson , Roberts Joyce E. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTIn the United States, state governments play a central role in determining the extent to which midwives can provide care to women and babies. State laws and regulations establish midwives' scope of practice, set licensure requirements, and frequently determine their ability to get paid and obtain access to health care facilities. For certified nurse‐midwives (CNMs), state regulation has evolved from a haphazard patchwork of highly variable regulatory models into a fairly uniform set of rules and requirements from one state to the next. For direct entry midwives (DEMs), there is much less uniformity, with some states outlawing practice by any midwife who is not a CNM, whereas other states have established rigorous standards and requirements for the licensure of DEMs. This article provides a broad overview of these state regulatory variables for both CNMs and DEMs, and explores issues and options that both state regulators and midwives should consider when developing or amending state laws and regulations governing their practice. In particular, the role of the state in regulating the practice of the certified midwife (CM) is examined in the context of existing regulatory frameworks for CNMs and DEMs.
Chemical Doping of Conjugated Polymers with the Strong Oxidant Magic Blue
Authors: Hofmann Anna I. , Kroon Renee , Zokaei Sepideh , Järsvall Emmy , Malacrida Claudia , Ludwigs Sabine , Biskup Till , Müller Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMolecular doping of organic semiconductors is a powerful tool for the optimization of organic electronic devices and organic thermoelectric materials. However, there are few redox dopants that have a sufficiently high electron affinity to allow the doping of conjugated polymers with an ionization energy of more than 5.3 eV. Here, p‐doping of a broad palette of conjugated polymers with high ionization energies is achieved by using the strong oxidant tris(4‐bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate (Magic Blue). In particular diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)‐based copolymers reach a conductivity of up to 100 S cm−1 and a thermoelectric power factor of 10 µW m−1 K−2. Further, both electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) as well as a combination of spectroelectrochemistry and chronoamperometry is used to estimate the charge‐carrier density of the polymer PDPP‐3T doped with Magic Blue. A molar attenuation coefficient of 6.0 ± 0.2 × 103 m2 mol−1 is obtained for the first polaronic sub‐bandgap absorption of electrochemically oxidized PDPP‐3T. Comparison with chemically doped PDPP‐3T suggests a charge‐carrier density on the order of 1026 m−3, which yields a charge‐carrier mobility of up to 0.5 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the most heavily doped material.
Controlled Memory and Threshold Switching Behaviors in a Heterogeneous Memristor for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Li Hao‐Yang , Huang Xiao‐Di , Yuan Jun‐Hui , Lu Yi‐Fan , Wan Tian‐Qing , Li Yi , Xue Kan‐Hao , He Yu‐Hui , Xu Ming , Tong Hao , Miao Xiang‐Shui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe fully memristive neural network is emerging as a game‐changer in the artificial intelligence competition. Artificial synapses and neurons, as two fundamental elements for hardware neural networks, have been substantially implemented by different devices with memory and threshold switching (TS) behaviors, respectively. However, obtaining controllable memory and TS behaviors in the same memristive material system is still a considerable challenge that holds great potential for realizing compatible artificial neurons and synapses. Here, a heterogeneous bilayer conductive filamentary memristor comprising two different electrolytes with distinct copper ion mobility is reported: Cu/GeTe/Al2O3/Pt, which can demonstrate the governance of switching types. Experimentally, when the thickness of the Al2O3 layer is 3 nm, stable nonvolatile multilevel memory switching (MS) is observed and employed to mimic the synaptic plasticity. With increasing oxide thickness, the switching behavior under the same compliance current alters from MS to volatile TS and is used to emulate the integrate‐and‐fire neuron function. The controllable switching stems from the change in the metal filament morphology within the Al2O3 layer, which is supported by ab initio calculation results. This method enables a new pathway for constructing functionally reconfigurable neuromorphic devices for intelligence neuromorphic systems.
Synergistic effects of surface aminolysis and hydrolysis on improving fibroblast cell colonization within poly(L‐lactide) scaffolds
Authors: Bakry Ahmed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis work presents a method for overcoming the low internal cell colonization within the tissue engineering scaffolds. 3D scaffolds were fabricated by the compression molding/salt leaching technique from mixtures of aminolyzed and hydrolyzed poly(L‐lactide) single crystals (PLLAsc) with poly(D,L‐lactide) (PDLLA) microparticles. Modified PLLAsc were used to guarantee the surface hydrophilicity, while PDLLA microparticles were used to reinforce the scaffolds. Mechanical properties, morphology, water uptake and fibroblast cell response of the scaffolds were investigated in comparison with scaffolds from only pristine, hydrolyzed, or aminolyzed PLLAsc. Results showed that the scaffolds exhibited proper morphology and hydrophilicity with an enhanced strength. Water uptake by scaffolds from modified PLLAsc was 1.9 times that from pristine PLLAsc. The scaffolds' compressive moduli increased 2.5 times by using of PDLLA (30 wt%). After cell seeding for a week, the number of cells founded on aminolyzed/hydrolyzed PLLAsc scaffolds were 4.28, 2.14, and 1.36 times that founded for pristine, aminolyzed and hydrolyzed PLLAsc scaffolds, respectively. SEM studies showed that fibroblasts migrated and spread throughout the aminolyzed/hydrolyzed PLLAsc scaffolds better than other scaffolds. Hence, combining both aminolyzed and hydrolyzed PLLAsc with PDLLA could result in a mechanically stable scaffold with an enhanced cell colonization.
Rolling with resistance: A client language analysis of deliberate practice in continuing education for psychotherapists
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Alyssa A. , Shukla Serena , Westra Henny A. , Shekarak Ghashghaei Nazanin , Olson David A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractContinuing education workshops have been criticised for focusing on knowledge rather than skill acquisition by a focus on didactic teaching methods. A recent randomised controlled trial conducted by Westra et al. (2020) demonstrated that a deliberate practice (DP) training workshop for responding to ambivalence and resistance resulted in longer‐lasting skill acquisition than the same workshop in a traditional, more didactic format. The present study examined whether this same DP workshop was also efficacious at the level of client motivational language in 4‐month post‐testing interviews used to assess trainee skill in the Westra et al. parent study. Sixty therapists from the community (30 = DP and 30 = traditional) conducted an interview with either an ambivalent simulator or an ambivalent community volunteer. Interviews were coded for interviewee motivational language using the Motivational Interviewing Skills Code (MISC 1.1; Glynn & Moyers, 2009). Counterchange talk (CCT) was further classified into either Ambivalent‐CCT (uttered to disclose conflict about change) or Resistant‐CCT (statements against change uttered to oppose the therapist). Results revealed a significant difference between training groups, with the DP group eliciting less Resistant‐CCT than the traditional training group. This study provides further support for the use of DP training for potentially creating more productive conversations by minimising Resistant‐CCT; a form of speech that has been found to be negatively associated with client outcomes.
Enabling heterogeneous ray‐tracing acceleration in edge/cloud architectures
Authors: Sampaio Adrianno A. , Sena Alexandre C. , Nery Alexandre S. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe ray‐tracing algorithm is very costly regarding time complexity and while many techniques have been conceived over the years with the purpose of accelerating its execution, one stands out: parallelism exploitation of ray‐triangle intersection operations. In this sense, field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have plenty resources to run specialized accelerators that execute multiple operations in parallel. Moreover, modern FPGAs are embedded with multiprocessor systems‐on‐chip based on ARM architecture, which can be used simultaneously with the FPGA programmable logic to further accelerate the application execution. In this work, we present and analyze a reconfigurable accelerator for ray‐tracing specialized in computing ray‐triangle intersections at the network edge of a heterogeneous cloud computing environment. The accelerator is specified using Xilinx high‐level synthesis and is implemented in a Xilinx Zynq FPGA (XC7Z020‐1CLG400C). We also present an execution model which enables the exploitation of the available computing elements of the heterogeneous system: ARM Cortex‐A53, FPGA programmable logic, and cloud machines. Experimental performance and synthesis results show that the heterogeneous system can efficiently render a simplified version of the Stanford Bunny model when using the hardware accelerator with up to six instances of a ray‐triangle intersection unit together with the other computing resources.
The Pathway Forward: Insights on Factors that Facilitate Research with Pregnant Women
Authors: Mastroianni Anna C. , Franceschini Robert , Wicks Sarah L. , Henry Leslie Meltzer 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe near‐routine exclusion of pregnant women from clinical research has resulted in evidence gaps that endanger the health of pregnant women and their future offspring. Although existing literature documents numerous obstacles along the clinical trial pathway that can stymie research involving pregnant women, there is little guidance on how to facilitate such research. This qualitative study aims to fill that void by examining the experiences of individuals involved in conducting, approving, or overseeing research involving pregnant women at one academic institution. The study identifies factors throughout the clinical pathway—from protocol development, to IRB review, and ultimately trial execution—that likely contribute to the successful conduct of research with pregnant women. Attention to those factors, coupled with agreement among stakeholders that research with pregnant women should and can be done ethically and legally, is critical to shifting the narrative from “why we cannot” do such research to “how we can.”