bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viewpoint: using neuroscience tools in service research
Authors: Verhulst Nanouk , Vermeir Iris , Slabbinck Hendrik 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the potential of neuroscientific tools in the service research domain.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper integrates a personal viewpoint and an exemplar study to highlight the merits and obstacles of integrating neuro-tools in service experiments.

Findings
Service researchers can benefit from integrating neuro-tools in their toolbox; nevertheless, it does bring along a set of difficulties that need to be dealt with.

Originality/value
Several calls have been made to infuse service research with new methodologies such as neuroscientific tools. Yet, research effectively doing this remains scarce. This paper uses a real example study to illustrate the potential and obstacles related to adopting neuroscientific tools in service research.
Skills needs, integrative pedagogy and case-based instruction
Authors: Lyons Paul , Bandura Randall Paul 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to advance the proposition that organizations involved with training of employees should make. First, CBI is linked to skill development areas recognized as high value in the contemporary and future workplace such as analysis, problem-solving and soft skills such as active listening, collaboration and compromise. A second linkage is to an emerging, tested model of integrative pedagogy (IP) focused on improving workplace learning for adults.Design/methodology/approachReviews were completed of empirical literature and expert opinion from three different domains: current and future skills needs, IP for adult learners and CBI. Review information was analyzed and incorporated into a proposal.FindingsIdentified are some of the current and projected employee skill needs in the increasingly complex digital work place. Explained are features of IP as well as how the features help advance a learning environment for adults. The authors explain the application of CBI and how it meshes with IP to leverage workplace learning of needed current and future skills.Practical implicationsThere is sufficient information presented to enable a practitioner with little experience with CBI to apply the approach with employees. This can be especially helpful if the training objectives involve critical thinking, strategy formulation, communicating ideas, teamwork and related areas.Originality/valueMuch has been written about skills needs for current and future scenarios, and about the efficacy of CBI. Yet there are few attempts at tying the skills needs with pedagogical theory and the delivery of instruction that engages many skill needs. This paper helps address this gap.
Does servant leadership affect work role performance via knowledge sharing and psychological empowerment?
Authors: Tripathi Divya , Priyadarshi Pushpendra , Kumar Pankaj , Kumar Sushil 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how servant leaders play an essential role in employee work role performance by assessing the mediating role of knowledge sharing and psychological empowerment.Design/methodology/approachData was collected from a sample of 583 employees working in a public sector organization in India. Structural equation modeling has been used to test the proposed model.FindingsThe results contribute to new knowledge that servant leadership has a positive link to work role performance. Findings demonstrate that this relationship was partially mediated by knowledge sharing and psychological empowerment. Knowledge sharing has a positive and significant effect on psychological empowerment. Theoretical and practical implications are provided.Originality/valueBy identifying servant leadership as a determinant of knowledge-sharing behavior and psychological empowerment, this paper significantly supplements current research on the process through which leadership influences individual behavior and motivation toward work performance.
Seasonal dynamics of prokaryotes and their associations with diatoms in the Southern Ocean as revealed by an autonomous sampler
Authors: Liu Yan , Blain Stéphane , Crispi Olivier , Rembauville Mathieu , Obernosterer Ingrid 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe Southern Ocean remains one of the least explored marine environments. The investigation of temporal microbial dynamics has thus far been hampered by the limited access to this remote ocean. We present here high‐resolution seasonal observations of the prokaryotic community composition during phytoplankton blooms induced by natural iron fertilization. A total of 18 seawater samples were collected by a moored remote autonomous sampler over 4 months at 5–11 day intervals in offshore surface waters (central Kerguelen Plateau). Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that among the most abundant amplicon sequence variants, SAR92 and Aurantivirga were the first bloom responders, Pseudomonadaceae, Nitrincolaceae and Polaribacter had successive peaks during the spring bloom decline, and Amylibacter increased in relative abundance later in the season. SAR11 and SUP05 were abundant prior to and after the blooms. Using network analysis, we identified two groups of diatoms representative of the spring and summer bloom that had opposite correlation patterns with prokaryotic taxa. Our study provides the first seasonal picture of microbial community dynamics in the open Southern Ocean and thereby offers biological insights to the cycling of carbon and iron, and to an important puzzling issue that is the modest nitrate decrease associated to iron fertilization.
The effect of price support policies on food security and farmers’ income in China
Authors: Qian Jiarong , Ito Shoichi , Zhao Zhijun 
Published: August 2020

The current price support policies in China have positive impacts on grain prices and production costs. These policies mediate the impacts on grain supply and demand, and, in turn, affect food security and farmer income. This paper simulates and empirically establishes the effect of price support policies on food security and farmers’ net incomes through a partial equilibrium model that considers the policy impact mechanism. The results indicate that a 10 per cent support price increase in 2012 may result in (1) an increase of 1.38 and 6.19 percentage points in self‐sufficiency rates for rice and wheat, respectively, in the current year and (2) a respective increase of 28.6 and − 18.5 yuan/mu in net income for rice and wheat production in the year. Given the significant growth in grain support prices since 2008, the price support policies have produced a tremendous impact in terms of enhancing grain self‐sufficiency, while playing a crucial role in China’s food security strategies. However, due to the increased production costs associated with policy implementation, the income effect of the price support policies is rather small and even negative for wheat production. Hence, increasing farmers’ incomes should rely on other effective measures, such as providing income subsidies.
Prevalence and incidence of endometriosis in Australian women: a data linkage cohort study
Authors: Rowlands IJ , Abbott JA , Montgomery GW , Hockey R , Rogers P , Mishra GD 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence and incidence of endometriosis among Australian women.DesignPopulation‐based cohort study linked to administrative health records.SettingSecondary analysis of seven surveys collected between 2000 and 2018 from a population‐based cohort study.PopulationA total of 13 508 Australian women, born 1973–78, from a prospective cohort study of 14 247 women conducted between 1996 and 2018.MethodsDuring 2000 and 2018, self‐reported longitudinal survey data were linked to three administrative health databases to separately identify women with clinically confirmed or suspected endometriosis across the multiple data sources.Main outcome measuresPrevalence and incidence of clinically confirmed endometriosis in the cohort were first estimated using national hospital data. Data were then combined with other administrative health databases and the survey data to capture all clinically confirmed and suspected diagnoses of endometriosis.ResultsThe cumulative prevalence of clinically confirmed endometriosis was 6.0% (95% CI 5.8–6.2%) by age 40–44 years. The cumulative prevalence increased to 11.4% (95% CI 11.1–11.7%) when adding diagnoses of clinically suspected endometriosis. Age‐specific incidence estimates peaked to 6 per 1000 person‐years at age 30–34 years.ConclusionsAmong 13 508 Australian women followed for 20 years, one in nine women had clinically confirmed or suspected endometriosis by the age of 44, with most diagnosed during their early thirties. Endometriosis is a significant public health issue requiring increased surveillance, clinical awareness and management. Efforts to expand knowledge on the aetiology of the disease and optimal methods for disease management are crucial to women's health.Tweetable abstractIn a national study of 13 508 Australian women, one in nine women were diagnosed with endometriosis by age 44.
Viruses of freshwater bloom‐forming cyanobacteria: genomic features, infection strategies and coexistence with the host
Authors: Morimoto Daichi , Šulčius Sigitas , Yoshida Takashi 
Published: August 2020

SummaryFreshwater bloom‐forming cyanobacteria densely grow in the aquatic environments, leading to an increase in the viral‐contact rate. They possess numerous antiviral genes, as well as cell differentiation‐ and physiological performance‐related genes, owing to genome expansion. Their genomic features and unique lifestyles suggest that they coexist with cyanoviruses in ways different from marine cyanobacteria. Furthermore, genome contents of isolated freshwater bloom‐forming cyanobacterial viruses have little in common with those of marine cyanoviruses studied to date. They lack the marine cyanoviral hallmark genes that sustain photosynthetic activity and redirect host metabolism to viral reproduction; therefore, they are predicted to share metabolisms and precursor pools with host cyanobacteria to ensure efficient viral reproduction and avoid nutrient deficiencies and antiviral response. Additionally, cyanovirus–cyanobacteria coexistence strategies may change as bloom density increases. Diverse genotypic populations of cyanoviruses and hosts coexist and fluctuate under high viral‐contact rate conditions, leading to their rapid coevolution through antiviral responses. The ancestral and newly evolved genotypes coexist, thereby expanding the diversity levels of host and viral populations. Bottleneck events occurring due to season‐related decreases in bloom‐forming species abundance provide each genotype within cyanobacterial population an equal chance to increase in prevalence during the next bloom and enhance further diversification.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for clinical node‐negative esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Gao Hui‐Jiang , Wei Yu‐Cheng , Gong Lei , Ge Nan , Han Bin , Shi Guo‐Dong , Yu Zhen‐Tao 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) on early stage esophageal cancer is unknown. Here, we compared the outcomes after esophagectomy alone or nCRT plus surgery for clinically staged node‐negative esophageal cancer.MethodsWe searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for patients with clinically node‐negative (cN0) esophageal cancer from 2004 to 2016 who underwent surgery alone or nCRT plus surgery. Propensity score matching and Cox regression analysis were used to identify covariates associated with overall survival and cancer‐specific survival.ResultsA total of 1587 patients were retrospectively identified, of whom 49.8% (n = 791) received nCRT and 80.2% (n = 1273) were truly node‐negative diseases. For the entire cohort, surgery alone was associated with a statistically significant but modest absolute increase in survival outcomes (P < 0.01). After matching, nCRT was associated with improved five‐year overall survival for pT3‐4N0 (localized) disease (59.6% vs. 37.7%; P < 0.001) and pathological node‐positive disease (60.5% vs. 40.7%; P = 0.002). Cox multivariate regression analysis revealed that the addition of nCRT for truly node‐negative patients with tumor length ≥ 3 cm, pT1‐2N0 (early‐staged) and localized disease were independent risk factors for survival than surgery alone (P < 0.01).ConclusionsCompared with surgery alone, patients with cN0 esophageal cancer with pathological node‐positive or localized true node‐negative disease gain a significant survival benefit from nCRT. However, nCRT plus surgery was associated with decreased survival for early‐staged true node‐negative patients. This finding may have significant implications on the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with cN0 disease.
Inhibition of Cdc42 activity extends lifespan and decreases circulating inflammatory cytokines in aged female C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Florian Maria Carolina , Leins Hanna , Gobs Michael , Han Yang , Marka Gina , Soller Karin , Vollmer Angelika , Sakk Vadim , Nattamai Kalpana J. , Rayes Ahmad , Zhao Xueheng , Setchell Kenneth , Mulaw Medhanie , Wagner Wolfgang , Zheng Yi , Geiger Hartmut 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCdc42 is a small RhoGTPase regulating multiple functions in eukaryotic cells. The activity of Cdc42 is significantly elevated in several tissues of aged mice, while the Cdc42 gain‐of‐activity mouse model presents with a premature aging‐like phenotype and with decreased lifespan. These data suggest a causal connection between elevated activity of Cdc42, aging, and reduced lifespan. Here, we demonstrate that systemic treatment of aged (75‐week‐old) female C57BL/6 mice with a Cdc42 activity‐specific inhibitor (CASIN) for 4 consecutive days significantly extends average and maximum lifespan. Moreover, aged CASIN‐treated animals displayed a youthful level of the aging‐associated cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐1α, and INFγ in serum and a significantly younger epigenetic clock as based on DNA methylation levels in blood cells. Overall, our data show that systemic administration of CASIN to reduce Cdc42 activity in aged mice extends murine lifespan.
Total thyroidectomy is superior for initial treatment of thyroid cancer
Authors: Han Lin , Li Wenlei , Li Yingxue , Wen Wenjuan , Yao Yumin , Wang Yongkun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThe incidence of thyroid cancer has increased annually, and has a heavy psychological and economic burden on the society and individuals. Based on thyroid cancer data from patients treated in Liaocheng People's Hospital in 2017, with Chinese national and regional characteristics, in this study we addressed the controversy of which initial thyroid surgical mode, lobectomy, or total thyroidectomy is the most effective.Patients and methodsClinical and pathological data from 552 patients with thyroid cancer, who were initially diagnosed and treated surgically, were collected from the Department of Thyroid Surgery. Among them, 40 patients underwent endoscopic surgery, with resection, including lobectomy + central lymph node dissection of the affected lobe, while 512 cases underwent total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection.ResultsThe metastasis rate for all patients was 59.42%, with lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma of 46.92%; however, for patients with tumors >2 cm, the proportion developing metastasis was increased to 77.53%.ConclusionIn thyroid cancer, rates of neck lymph node metastasis are high, particularly among patients with risk factors for poor prognosis. Our data suggest that initial treatment should comprise at least total thyroidectomy + central lymph node dissection in China, at least in tumors larger than 1 cm, to avoid the risks associated with secondary surgery and effects on patient quality of life.
‘We walked side by side through the whole thing’: A mixed‐methods study of key elements of community‐based participatory research partnerships between rural Aboriginal communities and researchers
Authors: Snijder Mieke , Wagemakers Annemarie , Calabria Bianca , Byrne Bonita , O'Neill Jamie , Bamblett Ronald , Munro Alice , Shakeshaft Anthony 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo advance the rural practice in working with Aboriginal communities by (a) identifying the extent of community partners' participation in and (b) operationalising the key elements of three community‐based participatory research partnerships between university‐based researchers and Australian rural Aboriginal communities.DesignA mixed‐methods study. Quantitative survey and qualitative one‐on‐one interviews with local project implementation committee members and group interviews with other community partners and project documentation.SettingThree rural Aboriginal communities in New South Wales.ParticipantsThirty‐seven community partners in three community‐based participatory research partnerships of which 22 were members of local project implementation committees and 15 were other community partners who implemented activities.InterventionCommunity‐based participatory research partnerships to develop, implement and evaluate community‐based responses to alcohol‐related harms.Main outcomes measuresCommunity partners' extent of and experiences with participation in the community‐based participatory research partnership and their involvement in the development and implementation processes.ResultsCommunity partners' participation varied between communities and between project phases within communities. Contributing to the community‐based participatory research partnerships were four key elements of the participatory process: unique expertise of researchers and community‐based partners, openness to learn from each other, trust and community leadership.ConclusionTo advance the research practice in rural Aboriginal communities, equitable partnerships between Aboriginal community and research partners are encouraged to embrace the unique expertise of the partners, encourage co‐learning and implement community leadership to build trust.
Trajectories of antidepressant drugs during pregnancy: A cohort study from a community‐based sample
Authors: Cabaillot Aurélie , Bourset Alexandra , Mulliez Aurélien , Delorme Jessica , Orri Massimiliano , Vicard‐Olagne Mathilde , Zenut Marie Christine , Tournier Marie , Gallot Denis , Authier Nicolas , Chenaf Chouki , Laporte Catherine 
Published: August 2020

AimsThe aim of this study was to monitor the trajectories of antidepressant use during pregnancy and the postpartum period among women chronically treated with antidepressants before their pregnancy, and to assess characteristics associated with each trajectory.MethodsThis cohort study included all pregnant women whose data were included in the General Sample of Beneficiaries (EGB) database affiliated with the French Health Insurance System, from 2009 to 2014. Women were followed up until 6 months after childbirth. Chronic treatment was defined as exposure over the 6‐month period preceding pregnancy. A group‐based trajectory model (GBMT) was estimated to identify distinctive longitudinal profiles of antidepressant use.ResultsAmong 760 women chronically treated with antidepressants before their pregnancy, 55.8% stopped their treatment permanently in the first trimester, 20.4% discontinued it for a minimum of 3 months and resumed it postpartum, and 23.8% maintained it throughout pregnancy and postpartum. No sociodemographic or medical characteristics were associated with any trajectory group. Women who maintained treatment presented more frequent obstetric complications and postpartum psychiatric disorders. Among women who interrupted treatment, prescription of benzodiazepines and anxiolytics decreased initially but rose postpartum to a higher level than before pregnancy.ConclusionsPregnant women treated with antidepressant require a re‐evaluation of psychiatric treatment. It is necessary to pay attention to obstetric complications for severely depressed women. Additionally, as relapse was associated with increased benzodiazepine use, it is important to carefully monitor all women who stop antidepressant treatment during pregnancy.
Different forms of corporate philanthropy, different effects: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Luo Ben Nanfeng , Xing Lu , Zhang Rongrong , Fu Xinyu , Zhang Yucheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study investigates how different types of corporate philanthropy impact employees' life satisfaction. Grounded in signaling theory, we explore and clarify the nuances among three types of corporate philanthropy values: the absolute value of corporate philanthropy, the value of a firm's corporate philanthropy relative to its past level, and the value of corporate philanthropy relative to the firm size. Results of multilevel analyses on a large scale sample with 218 firms and 2,261 employees at two time points reveal that: the absolute value of corporate philanthropy positively influences employees' life satisfaction; the value of a firm's corporate philanthropy relative to its past philanthropy negatively impacts employees’ life satisfaction; and the value of corporate philanthropy relative to the firm size positively affects employees' life satisfaction. The results indicate that the influences of corporate philanthropy on employees' life satisfaction vary depending on the evaluation benchmarks. Firms may benefit by taking their size and past philanthropy into consideration when making corporate philanthropy investment decisions.
Vulnerability to psychological stress‐induced anorexia in female mice depends on blockade of ghrelin signal in nucleus tractus solitarius
Authors: Yamada Chihiro , Iizuka Seiichi , Nahata Miwa , Hattori Tomohisa , Takeda Hiroshi 
Published: August 2020

Background and PurposeWomen have a higher incidence of eating disorders than men. We investigated whether the effects of ghrelin on feeding are affected by sex and stress, and to elucidate the mechanisms that may cause sex differences in stress‐mediated anorexia, focusing on ghrelin.Experimental ApproachAcylated ghrelin was administered to naïve and psychologically stressed male and female C57BL/6J mice, followed by measurements of food intake and plasma hormone levels. Ovariectomy was performed to determine the effects of ovary‐derived oestrogen on stress‐induced eating disorders in female mice. The numbers of Agrp or c‐Fos mRNA‐positive cells and estrogen receptor α/c‐Fos protein‐double‐positive cells were assessed.Key ResultsGhrelin administration to naïve female mice caused a higher increase in food intake, growth hormone secretion, Agrp mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus and c‐Fos expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) than in male mice. In contrast, psychological stress caused a more sustained reduction in food intake in females than males. The high sensitivity of naïve females to exogenous ghrelin was attenuated by stress exposure. The stress‐induced decline in food intake was not abolished by ovariectomy. Estrogen receptor‐α but not ‐β antagonism prevented the decrease in food intake under stress. Estrogen receptor‐α/c‐Fos‐double‐positive cells in the NTS were significantly increased by stress only in females.Conclusion and ImplicationsStress‐mediated eating disorders in females may be due to blockade of ghrelin signalling via estrogen receptor‐α activation in the NTS. Targeting the ghrelin signal in the brain could be a new treatment strategy to prevent these disorders.