bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Protein Damage Clearance Induces Broad Drug Resistance in Multitype of Cancers Revealed by an Evolution Drug‐Resistant Model and Genome‐Wide siRNA Screening
Authors: Shao Fangyuan , Lyu Xueying , Miao Kai , Xie Lisi , Wang Haitao , Xiao Hao , Li Jie , Chen Qiang , Ding Renbo , Chen Ping , Xing Fuqiang , Zhang Xu , Luo Guang‐Hui , Zhu Wenli , Cheng Gregory , Lon Ng Wai , Martin Scott E. , Wang Guanyu , Chen Guokai , Dai Yunlu , Deng Chu‐Xia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResistance to therapeutic drugs occurs in virtually all types of cancers, and the tolerance to one drug frequently becomes broad therapy resistance; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Combining a whole whole‐genome‐wide RNA interference screening and an evolutionary drug pressure model with MDA‐MB‐231 cells, it is found that enhanced protein damage clearance and reduced mitochondrial respiratory activity are responsible for cisplatin resistance. Screening drug‐resistant cancer cells and human patient‐derived organoids for breast and colon cancers with many anticancer drugs indicates that activation of mitochondrion protein import surveillance system enhances proteasome activity and minimizes caspase activation, leading to broad drug resistance that can be overcome by co‐treatment with a proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib. It is further demonstrated that cisplatin and bortezomib encapsulated into nanoparticle further enhance their therapeutic efficacy and alleviate side effects induced by drug combination treatment. These data demonstrate a feasibility for eliminating broad drug resistance by targeting its common mechanism to achieve effective therapy for multiple cancers.
Constructing Co3S4 Nanosheets Coating N‐Doped Carbon Nanofibers as Freestanding Sulfur Host for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xuzi , Shang Chaoqun , Akinoglu Eser Metin , Wang Xin , Zhou Guofu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have shown great potential as a rival for next generation batteries, for its relatively high theoretical capacity and eco‐friendly properties. Nevertheless, blocked by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LPSs, Li2S4‐Li2S8) and insulation of sulfur, LSBs show rapid capacity loss and cannot achieve the practical application. Herein, a composite of carbon nanofibers coated by Co3S4 nanosheets (denoted as CNF@Co3S4) is successfully synthesized as freestanding sulfur host to optimize the interaction with sulfur species. The combination of the two materials can lead extraordinary cycling and rate performance by alleviating the shuttle of LPSs effectively. N‐doped carbon nanofibers serve as long‐range conductive networks and Co3S4 nanosheets can accelerate the conversion of LPSs through its electrocatalytic and chemical adsorption ability. Benefiting from the unique structure, the transporting rate of Li+ can be enhanced. Distribution of Li+ is uniform for enough exposed negative active sites. As a result, the cell with CNF@Co3S4 as sulfur host is able to stabilize at 710 mA h g−1 at 1 C after 200 cycles with average coulombic efficiency of 97.8% in a sulfur loading of 1.7 mg cm−2 and deliver 4.1 mA h cm−2 at 0.1 C even in 6.8 mg cm−2 for 100 cycles.
Multiparametric Profiling of Engineered Nanomaterials: Unmasking the Surface Coating Effect
Authors: Gallud Audrey , Delaval Mathilde , Kinaret Pia , Marwah Veer Singh , Fortino Vittorio , Ytterberg Jimmy , Zubarev Roman , Skoog Tiina , Kere Juha , Correia Manuel , Loeschner Katrin , Al‐Ahmady Zahraa , Kostarelos Kostas , Ruiz Jaime , Astruc Didier , Monopoli Marco , Handy Richard , Moya Sergio , Savolainen Kai , Alenius Harri , Greco Dario , Fadeel Bengt 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite considerable efforts, the properties that drive the cytotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors inverstigate a panel of 31 ENMs with different core chemistries and a variety of surface modifications using conventional in vitro assays coupled with omics‐based approaches. Cytotoxicity screening and multiplex‐based cytokine profiling reveals a good concordance between primary human monocyte‐derived macrophages and the human monocyte‐like cell line THP‐1. Proteomics analysis following a low‐dose exposure of cells suggests a nonspecific stress response to ENMs, while microarray‐based profiling reveals significant changes in gene expression as a function of both surface modification and core chemistry. Pathway analysis highlights that the ENMs with cationic surfaces that are shown to elicit cytotoxicity downregulated DNA replication and cell cycle responses, while inflammatory responses are upregulated. These findings are validated using cell‐based assays. Notably, certain small, PEGylated ENMs are found to be noncytotoxic yet they induce transcriptional responses reminiscent of viruses. In sum, using a multiparametric approach, it is shown that surface chemistry is a key determinant of cellular responses to ENMs. The data also reveal that cytotoxicity, determined by conventional in vitro assays, does not necessarily correlate with transcriptional effects of ENMs.
A justification for continued management of turfgrass during economic contraction
Authors: Brosnan James T. , Chandra Ambika , Gaussoin Roch E. , Kowalewski Alec , Leinauer Bernd , Rossi Frank S. , Soldat Douglas J. , Stier John C. , Unruh J. Bryan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel coronavirus, termed COVID‐19, spread worldwide and become a global pandemic in 2020. Forecasts show that COVID‐19 will cause substantial economic contraction affecting almost every industry. Managed turfgrass, particularly in urban settings, has many positive societal and environmental benefits. In a contracted economy, will resources be available to manage turfgrass to achieve these benefits? In this paper, we outline the benefits of managed turfgrass on golf courses, playing fields, recreational parks, and urban landscapes to assist decision makers with resource allocation in the COVID‐19 era.
Construction of High Stable All‐Graphene‐Based FETs as Highly Sensitive Dual‐Signal miRNA Sensors by a Covalent Layer‐by‐Layer Assembling Method
Authors: Sun Mingyuan , Zhang Congcong , Wang Jian , Sun Chenfang , Ji Yanchen , Cheng Shanshan , Liu Hong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe abnormal expression of a microRNA (miRNA) is associated with many major diseases. Therefore, the stability, reliability, and sensitivity of miRNA detection are of paramount importance for early diagnosis and therapeutics. Field‐effect transistor (FET) devices, as sensors, have many advantages, including their multiparameter accessibility and ease of large‐scale manufacturing, but the electrical signals of most FETs are vulnerable in humid environments over extended periods of time, further limiting their sensing capability and performance. In this paper, sophisticated all‐graphene‐based field‐effect transistors (AG‐FETs) are designed and fabricated by means of the covalent layer‐by‐layer (LBL) assembly of graphene oxide (GO), with the electrical capability of FETs and the intrinsic properties of graphene being incorporated in a single device. Thanks to the covalent configuration and the fluorescence quenching properties of graphene, the AG‐FETs possess great electrical stability and outstanding solution resistibility and could detect miRNA sensitively, stably, and reliably through electrical and fluorescence dual signals, which mostly avoid false positives during the test process. This is done without the use of any amplification techniques and even in real samples. These dual‐signal biosensors with excellent performance have promising potential for application in early clinical diagnoses and biomedical research.
Beyond d Orbits: Steering the Selectivity of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction via Hybridized sp Band of Sulfur‐Incorporated Porous Cd Architectures with Dual Collaborative Sites
Authors: Wu Yunzhen , Zhai Panlong , Cao Shuyan , Li Zhuwei , Zhang Bo , Zhang Yanting , Nie Xiaowa , Sun Licheng , Hou Jungang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction is regarded as a promising strategy for the sustainable conversion of greenhouse gas. However, it still remains a significant challenge to manipulate the selectivity and activity. Herein, amorphous and porous Cd modified by sulfur (P–Cd|S) is synthesized by a p‐block sulfur dopant. In comparison with unmodified Cd metal, the P–Cd|S architecture exhibits superior activity for selective CO generation, indicating that the sulfur dopant enables a selectivity shift from formic acid to CO. The high selectivity of P–Cd|S is partially ascribed to the local alkalization and suppression of hydrogen evolution as indicated by the finite element analysis. In‐depth mechanistic investigations by operando Raman, Infrared, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with theory calculations indicate that the covalently hybridized sp band system with dual collaborative sites (Cdδ+ and Sδ−) gives rise to a strong interplay with CO2 molecules and carbonaceous species, leading to the natural elimination of linear correlation among intermediates binding for d‐band metals and the convenient modulation of selectivity toward CO versus HCOOH.
Zinc Oxide Sensitized Graphene Quantum Dots “ZnO‐GQDs”: A Hybrid Concept to Study Charge Transfer and its Catalytic Applicability to Synthesize Tetrasubstituted Propargylamines
Authors: Kharkwal Aneeta , Purohit Gunjan , Rahul  , Rawat Diwan S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInorganic‐organic hybrid nanostructures of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have received much intentness in industrial/academic discipline as they may replace traditional quantum semiconductors, due to their superiority in terms of chemical inertness, biocompatibility and low toxicity. In the present work, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been synthesized by an inexpensive facile bottom‐up approach exhibiting one step pyrolysis of L‐glutamic acid. The synthesized GQDs found to have an excitation wavelength dependence of the emission wavelength. The effect on optical and structural properties of GQDs are then studied by varying the synthesis reaction time. The morphological alterations in GQDs were observed when the reaction time increases i. e. spherical to sheet like which may be attributed to interconnecting graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which are termed as ‘GQD sheets.’ The synthesized GQDs are further coupled with zinc oxide (ZnO) to form ZnO : GQDs nano‐composites, which shows an effective interfacial charge transfer from ZnO to GQDs leading to an enhancement in the photo absorption of ZnO from UV to visible region. The coupled ZnO : GQDs nano‐composites were then explored for the catalytic applicability to synthesize tetrasubstituted propargylamines via KA2 mechanism showing closeness to ideal green chemistry metrics.
Infrared thermography cannot be used to approximate core body temperature in wild primates
Authors: McFarland Richard , Barrett Louise , Fuller Andrea , Hetem Robyn S. , Porter Warren P. , Young Christopher , Henzi S. Peter 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the physiological processes that underpin primate performance is key if we are to assess how a primate might respond when navigating new and changing environments. Given the connection between a mammal's ability to thermoregulate and the changing demands of its thermal environment, increasing attention is being devoted to the study of thermoregulatory processes as a means to assess primate performance. Infrared thermography can be used to record the body surface temperatures of free‐ranging animals. However, some uncertainty remains as to how these measurements can be used to approximate core body temperature. Here, we use data collected from wild vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) to examine the relationship between infrared body surface temperature, core body (intra‐abdominal) temperature, and local climate, to determine to what extent surface temperatures reflect core body temperature. While we report a positive association between surface and core body temperature—a finding that has previously been used to justify the use of surface temperature measurements as a proxy for core temperature regulation—when we controlled for the effect of the local climate in our analyses, this relationship was no longer observed. That is, body surface temperatures were solely predicted by local climate, and not core body temperatures, suggesting that surface temperatures tell us more about the environment a primate is in, and less about the thermal status of its body core in that environment. Despite the advantages of a noninvasive means to detect and record animal temperatures, infrared thermography alone cannot be used to approximate core body temperature in wild primates.
A Dinickel Catalyzed Cyclopropanation without the Formation of a Metal Carbene Intermediate
Authors: Maity Arnab K. , Kalb Annah E. , Zeller Matthias , Uyeda Christopher 
Published: October 2020

Abstract(NDI)Ni2 catalysts (NDI=naphthyridine‐diimine) promote cyclopropanation reactions of 1,3‐dienes using (Me3Si)CHN2. Mechanistic studies reveal that a metal carbene intermediate is not part of the catalytic cycle. The (NDI)Ni2(CHSiMe3) complex was independently synthesized and found to be unreactive toward dienes. Based on DFT models, we propose an alternative mechanism that begins with a Ni2‐mediated coupling of (Me3Si)CHN2 and the diene. N2 extrusion followed by radical C−C bond formation generates the cyclopropane product. This model reproduces the experimentally observed regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity of the reaction.
The HD 217107 planetary system: Twenty years of radial velocity measurements
Authors: Giovinazzi Mark R. , Blake Cullen H. , Eastman Jason D. , Wright Jason , McCrady Nate , Wittenmyer Rob , Johnson John A. , Plavchan Peter , Sliski David H. , Wilson Maurice L. , Johnson Samson A. , Horner Jonathan , Kane Stephen R. , Houghton Audrey , García‐Mejía Juliana , Glaser Joseph P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe hot Jupiter HD 217107 b was one of the first exoplanets detected using the radial velocity (RV) method, originally reported in the literature in 1999. Today, precise RV measurements of this system span more than 20 years, and there is clear evidence of a longer‐period companion, HD 217107 c. Interestingly, both the short‐period planet (Pb ∼ 7.13 d) and long‐period planet (Pc ∼ 5059 d) have significantly eccentric orbits (eb ∼ 0.13 and ec ∼ 0.40). We present 42 additional RV measurements of this system obtained with the MINERVA telescope array and carry out a joint analysis with previously published RV measurements from four different facilities. We confirm and refine the previously reported orbit of the long‐period companion. HD 217107 b is one of a relatively small number of hot Jupiters with an eccentric orbit, opening up the possibility of detecting the precession of the planetary orbit due to general relativistic effects and perturbations from other planets in the system. In this case, the argument of periastron, ω, is predicted to change at the level of ∼0.8∘ century−1. Despite the long time baseline of our observations and the high quality of the RV measurements, we are only able to constrain the precession to be century−1. We discuss the limitations of detecting the subtle effects of precession in exoplanet orbits using RV data.
Curved beam stress analysis using a binary image of the cross‐section
Authors: Narvydas Evaldas , Puodziuniene Nomeda 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCrane hooks, chain links, various rings, and many other curved structural members are widely used in mechanical engineering structures. The stress analysis procedure of this group of structural members includes two steps: definition of the cross‐section geometry properties and determination of stresses. The article presents a variation of the method for curved beam stress analysis where geometrical properties of the cross‐section are found by numerical processing of a binary image. This is suggested instead of the conventional procedure provided by many textbooks that includes decomposition of the cross‐section area into regular shapes and calculation of the area properties by analytical formulae. Having the complex shape of the cross‐section the conventional method becomes complicated and time‐consuming. The application of a numerical binary image is independent of the complexity of cross‐section, but image resolution may influence the results. The article presents procedures suitable for the alternative definition of the geometrical properties of curved beam cross‐section and gives an evaluation of how the image resolution affects the results. The rectangular and circular shape cross‐sections are analyzed in detail and stress analysis of an industrial crane hook with complex cross‐section shape is demonstrated in the case study. The results of the conventional and proposed methods are compared. The calculated stresses of the case study are also compared to finite element analysis results. The method is suggested as a convenient alternative for structural analysis students and engineers.
A genetic algorithm‐based approach for making pairs and assigning exercises in a programming course
Authors: Tehlan Kanika , Chakraverty Shampa , Chakraborty Pinaki , Khapra Shradha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPair programming is an approach where two programmers work to solve one programming problem sitting shoulder to shoulder on a computer. Several studies indicating numerous benefits of using pair programming as a teaching strategy exist. However, only a few of them take into consideration the mechanism followed for pair formation. With an aim to study the impact of pair programming on undergraduate students, we try to make the pairs compatible with a genetic algorithm‐based approach. Using a genetic algorithm, the system ensures that every pair in the class gets a particular combination of skills and personality traits. We also developed a desktop application to assign programming exercises to students dynamically. To assess the efficacy of pair programming in introductory programming course, a formal pair programming experiment was run at Netaji Subhas University of Technology. The pair programming experiment involved a total 171 undergraduate students from a computer engineering course. At the end of the program, we assessed the programming abilities of every student. We also analyzed the impact of a genetic algorithm‐based pairing mechanism. On the basis of assessments, it is observed that pair programming is a successful pedagogical tool for facilitating active learning of introductory programming courses. Responses to survey garnered from undergraduate students hint that the genetic algorithm approach leads to compatible pairs.
I feel a moving crowd surrounds me: Exploring tactile feedback during immersive walking in a virtual crowd
Authors: Koilias Alexandros , Mousas Christos , Anagnostopoulos Christos‐Nikolaos 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of our study was to investigate whether different tactile feedback conditions could affect the behavior of participants who were instructed to walk within a virtual reality environment surrounded by a virtual crowd of people. A road crossing scenario that takes place in a virtual metropolitan city was developed for this study. Participants were asked to walk toward the opposite sidewalk while wearing a tactile vest. At each road crossing, one of several tactile feedback conditions was generated, including No Tactile, Side Tactile, Back Tactile, Front Tactile, Accurate Tactile, and Random Tactile. During the virtual road crossing, the movement of the participants was captured, and movement‐related measurements were extracted and analyzed to evaluate the effects of tactile feedback on the participant's movement behavior. Additional data were collected through the distribution of a questionnaire to consider self‐reported ratings of the experimental conditions. The results revealed that tactile feedback conditions had significant effects on movement behavior, while the participants' ratings also indicated that they were affected by the tactile feedback conditions. We found that when the participants were immersed in a high‐density crowd simulation, they became sensitive to tactile feedback. However, they were not able to distinguish between the accurate feedback and the random feedback.
Adjunctive use of fluoroscopy during MitraClip implantation reduces procedural complexity: The parallax technique
Authors: Singh Gagan D. , Rogers Jason H , Chen Sarah , Yap Jonathan , Smith Thomas W.R. , Fan Dali , Stripe Benjamin , Aman Edris 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring MitraClip implantation sub‐valvular correction of trajectory and/or alignment may increase adverse clip or leaflet events. With systematic adjunctive use of fluoroscopy (“Parallax technique”), we aimed to assess parameters that minimize the need for corrective measures and help increase procedural efficiency.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 30 patients without (Fl‐) and 39 patients utilizing adjunctive fluoroscopy (Fl+) during MitraClip implantation. After establishing trajectory and supra‐valvular alignment, the Parallax technique was utilized. Trajectory and alignment are maintained during advancement.ResultsAll patients had 3 or 4+ MR. There were no differences in baseline demographics. The average number of clips (Fl‐ vs Fl+) was 1.72 ± 0.8 vs 1.59 ± 0.5, p = .57. For the first clip, the need for sub‐valvular alignment (80% vs. 36%, p = .0001), eversion with retraction back to left atrium (23% vs. 10%, p = .001) and the number of grasps (2.3 ± 1.2 vs 1.4 ± 0.9) was reduced. The time from transseptal puncture to first clip deployment (71 ± 21 vs 44 ± 16 min, p = .01) was reduced. Procedural success was achieved in all but one patient in the Fl‐ group (p = ns). There were no differences noted for in‐hospital or 30‐day outcomes.ConclusionsSystematic use of a simple and easy to implement “Parallax technique” was associated with reduced need for sub‐valvular manipulation and was associated with improved procedural times. Further larger scale studies are needed to assess the applicability of the technique.
Vanadium Hydride as an Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst
Authors: Cao Yu , Saito Ayaka , Kobayashi Yoji , Ubukata Hiroki , Tang Ya , Kageyama Hiroshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEarly 3d transition metals, such as Ti, V, or Nb are known to be inactive for the Haber‐Bosch process, due to their strong M−N bonds. However, recently some hydride compounds have been found to effectively counteract this effect, imparting catalytic activity on a wide range of elements. With these hydride catalysts, hydride (and nitride) bulk diffusion mechanisms have been proposed; if so, more open structures should enhance their activity. Here, we expand the study to hydrides of other early transition metals, V and Nb. These metals benefit from body‐centered cubic (bcc) related structures which enhance hydride diffusion, in addition to having relatively lower M−N bond strengths. The activity of vanadium hydride, most likely with an active composition of VH0.44N0.16, is superior to the previously reported BaTiO2.5H0.5, and comparable to TiH2 and Cs−Ru/MgO at 400 °C under 5 MPa. These results show that there is more potential for developing new single‐phase hydride catalysts of previously overlooked elements without sacrificing activity.
Comparison of the Operating Range of a Wetted‐Wall Column with a Packed Column for Distillation
Authors: Reitze Arnulf , Grünewald Marcus , Riese Julia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a newly designed distillation column consisting of a wetted wall with a rectangular cross section is analyzed and compared with a conventional packed column with regard to the operating range of both apparatuses. As expected, the pressure drop is considerably lower in the wetted‐wall column and, therefore, it offers a higher range of operation. However, in the wetted‐wall column, the separation efficiency decreases rapidly with increasing F factors. This effect can be overcome by the serial connection of two wetted‐wall columns.