bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposal of a novel predictive radiological method to assess the possibility of closed reduction in late presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip: the femoro-acetabular zones
Authors: Elghobashy Osama Hassan , Kutty Satish , Dawood Ashraf A. , Hadrawi Ahmed Taha , Alharbi Hatem H. , Barakat Ahmed S. , Zohdy Karim K. , Gaine William J. 
Published: June 2020

Late presentation of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) remains a major orthopedic problem. However, existing management is not standardized and is highly surgeon dependent.
The theory behind femoro-acetabular zones (FAZ) system is to find a relationship between acetabular maturity and severity of dislocation in one hand, and the outcome of closed reduction, on the other hand in late presenting cases. A retrospective study was performed on children with untreated DDH that underwent closed treatment. Our series consisted of 65 hips; mean patient age was 24 months (range: 9–30 months) with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. FAZ classification was applied to the pre-reduction pelvic radiograph, while the results were evaluated according to Severin’s scoring system. Overall, 37 of 65 hips (57%) achieved a satisfactory outcome (Severin I and II), while 22 hips (33%) were found to be unsatisfactory (Severin III). Six hips (10%) needed an open reduction. FAZ expressed a simple and reliable classification in predicting the success of closed reduction. This novel X-ray-based classification system can easily predict patients with DDH in whom a closed reduction is likely to succeed and defer patients with higher grades to surgical intervention. Yet, its validity has to be verified in larger cohort studies and directly compared to the established International Hip Dysplasia Institute classification.
Sclerostin regulation: a promising therapy for periodontitis by modulating alveolar bone
Authors: Li Tian-Jiao , Wang Rui , Li Qin-Yang , Li Chun-Yu , Jiang Li 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPeriodontitis is one of the most prevalent epidemics affecting human health and life recently, and exploration of the pathogenesis and treatment of periodontitis has been valued by scholars. In recent years, sclerostin, a new factor on bone resorption and reconstruction caused by inflammation and mechanical stimulation, has been a research hotspot. This article summarizes the researches on sclerostin in periodontitis development in recent years. Among them, sclerostin has been shown to be a critical negative regulator of bone formation, thereby inhibiting bone remodeling in periodontitis development, and is closely associated with tooth movement. Besides, evidence indicates that the removal of sclerostin seems to reasonably protect the alveolar bone from resorption. Regulation of sclerostin expression is a novel, promising treatment for periodontitis and addresses several complications seen with traditional therapies; accordingly, many drugs with similar mechanisms have emerged. Moreover, the application prospect of sclerostin in periodontal therapy combined with orthodontic treatment is another promising approach. There are also a lot of drugs that regulate sclerostin. Anti-sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) is the most direct one that inhibits bone resorption caused by sclerostin. At present, drugs that inhibit the expression of sclerostin have been applied to the treatment of diseases such as multiple myeloma and osteoporosis. Therefore, the application of sclerostin in the oral field is just around the corner, which provides a new therapeutic bone regulation strategy in oral and general health.
Effect of ciRS-7 expression on clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Zhao Yan-Hui , Wang Zhi , Zhang Na , Cui Tao , Zhang Yan-Hui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Circular RNA ciRS-7 has been reported to be involved in the progression of various cancers. However, ciRS-7 expression and its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ciRS-7 expression on ccRCC and the related signaling pathway.

Methods
ciRS-7 expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 87 pairs of ccRCC and matched adjacent normal tissues. The role of ciRS-7 in ccRCC cell proliferation and invasion was determined using the cell counting kit-8 and invasion assays, respectively. Potential mechanisms underlying the role of ciRS-7 in promoting ccRCC progression were explored by Western blotting. The relationship between the expression of ciRS-7 and features of ccRCC was analyzed by the Chi-square test and progression-free survival was determined using a Kaplan-Meier plot.

Results
ciRS-7 was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues compared with that in matched adjacent normal tissues. In addition, ciRS-7 up-regulation was closely associated with tumor diameter (P = 0.050), clinical stage (P = 0.009), and distant metastasis (P = 0.007). ciRS-7 knockdown in 786O and 769P cells markedly inhibited their proliferative and invasive abilities. In addition, ciRS-7 inhibition reduced phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR) and phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (p-Akt) levels.

Conclusions
ciRS-7 up-regulation could promote ccRCC cell proliferation and invasion, which may be related with the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway. ciRS-7 might be a potential ccRCC therapeutic target.
Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence, recurrence, and antibody levels
Authors: Bulka Catherine M. , Bommarito Paige A. , Aiello Allison E. , Fry Rebecca C. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
The ubiquitous metals cadmium and lead are immunotoxic, but little is known about their relations to cytomegalovirus (CMV), a widespread herpesvirus. Although CMV infections are mostly asymptomatic, congenital infections are a leading cause of birth defects. In otherwise healthy individuals, there is also some evidence linking subclinical reactivations to accelerated age-related declines in immune function and chronic disease.

Methods:
Our objective was to evaluate associations of blood cadmium and lead biomarkers with CMV infection in a representative sample of the United States population. In seropositive individuals, we also examined associations with CMV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels and suspected CMV recurrences. Using cross-sectional data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we fit multivariable survey-weighted regression models accounting for potential confounding by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and stratifying by age group to allow for heterogeneity. CMV recurrences were defined according to (1) the presence of either CMV-specific immunoglobulin M in sera or CMV viral DNA in urine, and (2) high CMV-specific IgG avidity.

Results:
We observed null associations for blood cadmium. Increasing blood lead quartiles were related to CMV seropositivity and higher CMV IgG levels (both P

trend
< 0.01), but not CMV recurrence, only among individuals who were 20–29 years of age.

Conclusion:
Blood cadmium levels do not appear to be related to immunological markers of CMV infections. The possibility that lead exposures increase the risk of CMV infection and impair immune control of the virus in young adults was suggested. Prospective studies are needed to confirm.
OCRIPLASMIN FOR VITREOMACULAR TRACTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Steel David H. W. , Patton Niall , Stappler Theodor , Karia Niral , Hoerauf Hans , Patel Nishal , Wachtlin Joachim , Raber Thomas , Kozma-Wiebe Petra ,   on behalf of the INJECT study investigators
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of ocriplasmin in patients with vitreomacular traction (VMT), including those with macular hole (MH). The INJECT study prospectively evaluated ocriplasmin in the setting of clinical practice.

Methods:
INJECT was a Phase 4, multicenter, prospective observational study. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Assessments included nonsurgical VMT resolution, nonsurgical MH closure, best-corrected visual acuity, occurrence of vitrectomy, and adverse events.

Results:
The efficacy population (N = 395) received an ocriplasmin injection and had optical coherence tomography–confirmed VMT at baseline. At Day 28, the rate of nonsurgical VMT resolution was 40.7% in the overall group, and the rate of nonsurgical MH closure was 36.0% in the VMT with MH group. At Month 12, the rate of ≥2-line best-corrected visual acuity gain (irrespective of vitrectomy) was 36.8% in the overall group and 59.6% in the VMT with MH group. The percentage of patients who underwent vitrectomy in the study eye was 29.1% in the overall group and 55.6% in the VMT with MH group. Photopsia (9.8%) and vitreous floaters (6.8%) were the most frequent adverse events.

Conclusion:
The INJECT study showed that ocriplasmin is effective in a clinical setting in patients with VMT, with or without MH. No new safety signals were identified from this large and surgeon-selected patient group, although the significant limitations of the study design without an image reading center and scheduled study visit timings should be noted.
Deployment of a computerized ward visitor registration system in coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic: Experiences of a large academic medical center in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Chia-An , Yuan Eunice J. , Fen Jun-Jeng , Lee Chung-Yuan , Ming Jin-Lain , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Lee Wui-Chiang , Chen Shih-Ann 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Visitors to hospitalized patients during an epidemic might themselves be carriers and are therefore likely to spread the disease in wards. Although measures were taken to restrict hospital visits, traditional paper-based registration is insufficient to screen and monitor the numbers of visitors to a large hospital.

Methods:
Throughout March 2020, during the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis, a computer system was deployed in the 2800-bed Taipei Veterans General Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) to register, screen, and monitor inpatient visitors. This system comprised three parts: online registration form, entrance check-in interface, and registration database. The early utilization of this newly deployed system was then analyzed.

Results:
A total of 22,336 visits were recorded between March 11, 2020, and March 31, 2020, with 1064 a day on average. Out of these visits, 18.1% (n = 4049) had made online reservations within 48 hours. On the other hand, of all 4941 online reservations, 18.1% (n = 892) were no-shows. In the last 12 days of the study period, eight prospective visitors were identified as ineligible by the computer system, and so their visits were denied.

Conclusion:
Using a computer system, the hospital was able to enforce restrictions on hospital visits. Although the online registration system had not been fully used yet in the early phase of adoption, its superiority from the standpoint of disease control should enable hospital managers to consider abolishing on-site visitor registration.
The Influence of Preoperative Anxiety, Optimism, and Pain Catastrophizing on Acute Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Tai Ai-Lin , Hsieh Hsiu-Fen , Chou Pi-Ling , Chen Hsing-Mei , Liu Yi 
Published: June 2020

Background
Acute postoperative pain (APOP) may cause complications and delay healing. Analgesics alone cannot completely relieve APOP. Preoperative anxiety, optimism, and pain catastrophizing are predictors of APOP. No study author has examined the mediating effect of pain catastrophizing on APOP in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective
The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between preoperative anxiety, optimism, pain catastrophizing, confounding factors (age, sex, type of surgery, and preoperative pain), and APOP and to examine the mediating effect of pain catastrophizing.

Methods
The authors of this cross-sectional study used a convenience sampling method and included 100 adults undergoing cardiac surgery in a southern Taiwanese medical center. The patients were asked to complete the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State subscale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Life Orientation Test-Revised questionnaires before surgery. Postoperatively, the patients were asked to report their pain intensity on a numerical rating scale. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 22.

Results
Patients had a mild level of anxiety, a moderate level of optimism, and pain catastrophizing before surgery, as well as a moderate level of APOP. Men reported lower levels of APOP than women (z = −2.0, P < .05). APOP was significantly associated with preoperative anxiety (r = 0.48, P < .01), optimism (r = −0.45, P < .01), and pain catastrophizing (r = 0.65, P < .01). Only pain catastrophizing was a significant predictor of APOP (β = 0.60, P < .001) and fully mediated the relationship between anxiety and APOP (z = 4.92, P < .001). The final model explained 42% of the variance in APOP.

Conclusions
Pain catastrophizing should be assessed before surgery. Reducing pain catastrophizing would decrease APOP and improve the quality of pain management.
Missed Nursing Care in Pediatric and Neonatal Care Settings
Authors: Ogboenyiya Anisa A. , Tubbs-Cooley Heather L. , Miller Elaine , Johnson Kimberly , Bakas Tamilyn 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Missed nursing care is required care that is delayed, incomplete, or left undone during a nurse's working shift. Missed nursing care is most often studied in adult populations; however, it may have significant consequences in pediatric and neonatal care settings. The purpose of this integrative review is to describe missed nursing care in pediatric and neonatal nursing care settings.

Methods:
SCOPUS and PubMed were used in the literature search. Multiple combinations of the keywords and phrases “missed nursing care,” “pediatric,” “neonatal,” “care left undone,” or “nursing care rationing” were used for the literature search. Missed nursing care is a relatively new topic as the first article on the subject was published in 2006; therefore, inclusion criteria were set to English articles published between January 1, 2006 and October 11, 2019 that reported on missed nursing care in pediatric and neonatal inpatient care settings.

Results:
Fourteen articles met inclusion criteria. Missed nursing care in pediatric and neonatal nursing care settings is associated with workload, patient acuity, work environment, and nurse characteristics, and is related to prolonged hospitalization of preterm infants.

Clinical Implications:
Providing nurses with an adequate amount of resources and tools to avoid missed nursing care will continue to improve care delivery. Missed nursing care and related patient and nurse outcomes in diverse pediatric and neonatal samples remains an area for future research.
Fatigue and Sleep Quality Predict Eating Behavior Among People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Zhu Bingqian , Chen Xiangfang , Park Chang G. , Zhu Daqiao , Izci-Balserak Bilgay 
Published: June 2020

Background
People with Type 2 diabetes frequently report increased fatigue and sleep disturbance. These symptoms might put them at a higher risk for unhealthy eating behavior—detrimental to diabetes control.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of fatigue and sleep on eating behavior in people with Type 2 diabetes by using a daily diary approach.

Methods
Data from 56 patients were collected during a baseline interview and an 8-day ambulatory assessment period in the free-living setting. Each day, participants completed one diary upon awakening to assess their sleep duration and sleep quality during the previous night and morning fatigue. They also completed one diary before going to bed to assess their eating behavior during the day (e.g., uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, emotional eating, and snacking). Data from 7 days were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.

Results
During the 7 days, controlling for age, gender, and body mass index, between-person fatigue was a significant predictor of uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and snacking. Similarly, controlling for the covariates, between-person sleep quality was a significant predictor of uncontrolled eating and emotional eating. No associations were found between sleep duration and eating behavior.

Discussions
At the between-person level, reporting higher fatigue or poorer sleep quality was associated with higher levels of unhealthy eating behavior. Patients with Type 2 diabetes with high fatigue or poor sleep quality may require additional attention to support their healthy eating.
Latent Profile Analysis of a Syndemic of Vulnerability Factors on Incident Sexually Transmitted Infection in a Cohort of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men Only and Black Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 061 Study
Authors: Dyer Typhanye V. , Turpin Rodman E. , Stall Ron , Khan Maria R. , Nelson LaRon E. , Brewer Russell , Friedman M. Reuel , Mimiaga Matther J. , Cook Robert L. , O'Cleirigh Conall , Mayer Kenneth H. 
Published: June 2020

Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are important public health concerns among black men who have sex with men only (BMSMO), as well as those who have sex with both men and women (BMSMW). Sexually transmitted infections also increase risk of acquiring and HIV, which is also a critical concern. Compared with BMSMO, research shows that BMSMW experience elevated levels of HIV/STI vulnerability factors occurring at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and social/structural levels. These factors may work independently, increasing one's risk of engaging in high-risk sexual behaviors, but often work in a synergistic and reinforcing manner. The synergism and reinforcement of any combination of these factors are known as a syndemic, which increases HIV/STI risk.

Methods
Data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 061 study (n = 799) was used to conduct a latent profile analysis to identify unique combinations of risk factors that may form a syndemic and that may vary between BMSMO and BMSMW. We hypothesized that the convergence of syndemic factors would differ between groups and predict sexual risk and subsequent incident STI.

Results
For BMSMO who had a high sexual risk profile, the syndemic factors characterizing this group included perceived racism, incarceration, intimate partner violence, depression, and binge drinking. For BMSMW with a high sexual risk profile, the syndemic factors that characterized this group were incarceration, depression, and binge drinking.

Conclusions
The current analysis highlights syndemic profiles that differentiated BMSMO and BMSMW from one another and supports the need for tailored interventions that address specific syndemic factors for both subpopulations of black men who have sex with men.
Primary Syphilis of the Neck Mimicking Pyodermatitis
Authors: Ramoni Stefano , Genovese Giovanni , Pastena Andrea , Cusini Marco 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The authors describe an atypical case of primary syphilis of the neck. The unusual clinical presentation and localization led to an initial diagnostic mistake. This case confirms the polymorphic character of syphilis. Considering the increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections worldwide, a high index of suspicion should be maintained by physicians.
Local Policy and Programmatic Activity to Address the US Opioid Crisis: A Cross-Sectional Survey of County Governments
Authors: Swann William L. , Schreiber Terri L. , Wright Steven L. , Davis Mark W. , Kim Sojeong , Kim Serena Y. , Osei-Kojo Alex , Lamiotte Megan 
Published: June 2020

Context:
Despite attention to federal and state governments' response to the US opioid crisis, few studies have systematically examined local governments' role in tackling this problem.

Objectives:
To determine what opioid policy and programmatic activities local governments are implementing, which activities are more challenging and require a greater latent ability to implement, and what community, environmental, and institutional factors shape such ability.

Design:
A cross-sectional survey and multistage sampling procedure.

Setting/Participants:
Of all 358 county governments in 5 purposively selected states (Colorado, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Washington) surveyed, 171 counties (response rate = 47.8%) with complete data on self-reported policy and programmatic activities and predictor variables were eligible for analysis.

Main Outcome Measures:
Nineteen opioid policy and programmatic activities were analyzed individually and combined into a latent implementation ability index using empirical Bayes means estimates.

Results:
Item response theory and bivariate analysis were applied. Item response theory estimates suggested that having police officers carry naloxone and establishing a task force of community leaders were easier to implement than more challenging activities such as establishing needle exchanges and allowing arrest alternatives for opioid offenses. Covering individuals' treatment costs was predicted to involve the highest ability. County population size (r = 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.47), population density (r = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.21-0.47), and being a Pennsylvania county (r = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.32-0.56) showed the strongest associations with latent implementation ability.

Conclusions:
Counties appear engaged in opioid policy and programmatic activity, although some activities are likely more difficult and may require greater ability to implement than others. More sparsely populated counties appear more disadvantaged in implementing activities for tackling the opioid crisis and may need additional assistance to leverage their ability to build a comprehensive policy and programmatic infrastructure.
Breast Augmentation in the Transfemale Patient: Comprehensive Principles for Planning and Obtaining Ideal Results
Authors: Coon Devin , Lee Erica , Fischer Beverly , Darrach Halley , Landford Wilmina N. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
A growing number of transgender women present to plastic surgeons seeking breast augmentation. Despite some advocating their technical similarity, the authors have found substantially different planning and techniques are needed to obtain aesthetic results in transgender patients versus cosmetic breast augmentation. The authors sought to develop an approach for operative planning and technique to elucidate these differences and obtain consistent results.

Methods:
All patients who underwent breast augmentation at the Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender Health were included in this study. Anthropometric assessments were obtained and comparative statistics between operative and nonoperative cohorts were calculated. Outcomes were analyzed and a patient-reported survey was performed to evaluate patient satisfaction.

Results:
Fifty-nine consecutive transfemale patients presented for evaluation. Anthropometric measurements included base width (median, 15.0 ± 2.1 cm), notch–to-nipple distance (median, 22.0 cm), nipple-to-midline distance (median, 12.0 cm), areolar diameter (median, 3.5 ± 1.5 cm), and upper pole pinch (mean, 1.8 ± 1.1 cm). Thirty-six patients underwent augmentation mammaplasty. Postoperative complications (8.3 percent) included a minor hematoma and grade III capsular contracture in two patients. Patients were asked to complete a brief outcomes survey and reported an improvement in psychosocial well-being and high satisfaction rate (100 percent) with the overall cosmetic result.

Conclusions:
Transgender female patients represent a unique patient population requiring special consideration of anatomical differences in key planning decisions. The authors delineate the first systematic algorithm that addresses these differences, emphasizing maneuvers such as routine inframammary fold lowering. This can allow experienced augmentation surgeons to obtain excellent aesthetic and patient-reported outcomes in this population. As with cosmetic breast augmentation, patient satisfaction rates are high.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.