bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraosseous Tophaceous Gout in Hallux Mimicking a Bone Tumor in a Young Patient
Authors: Jubashi Takahiro , Ichikawa Jiro , Haro Hirotaka 
Published: December 2019

Case:
A 17-year-old man experienced night pain in his right hallux. Radiographs revealed a lytic lesion in the proximal phalanx of the right hallux. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a low-signal intensity mass on T1-weighted sequences and isointense–high-signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences. We suspected a benign bone tumor such as osteoid osteoma or a bone cyst and consequently performed biopsy and surgical treatment. The lesion was filled with a whitish chalk-like substance, and pathologic examination revealed tophaceous gout.

Conclusions:
It can be difficult to distinguish intraosseous tophaceous gout from other diseases, including bone tumors, using imaging; hence, pathological examination may be necessary for the diagnosis.
Non-Fusion Surgical Correction of Thoracic Idiopathic Scoliosis Using a Novel, Braided Vertebral Body Tethering Device
Authors: Wong Hee-Kit , Ruiz John Nathaniel M. , Newton Peter O. , Gabriel Liu Ka-Po 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Anterior vertebral body tethering to effect scoliosis correction in a growing spine has been shown to work with varying degrees of success. This report describes the mid-term results of this technique using a new device composed of a braided ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) cord anchored to bone screws applied without segmental compression.

Methods:
This was a single-center prospective observational study of an investigational device. Five female patients aged 9 to 12 years with thoracic scoliosis underwent thoracoscopic insertion of the UHMWPE tether. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed, and the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 was administered, preoperatively and at regular intervals after surgery, with a minimum of 4 years of follow-up.

Results:
All tethering devices spanning the end vertebrae (range, 7 to 8 vertebrae) were implanted successfully. Mean blood loss was 136 mL, and the mean operative time was 205 minutes. The mean preoperative main thoracic Cobb angle was 40.1°. Curve correction of the tethered segment ranged from 0% to 133.3% at 4 years. We observed greater correction in 2 patients with open triradiate cartilage (TRC), achieving full scoliosis correction at 2 years and 121.5% at 4 years. MRI showed improvement in periapical disc wedging morphology and 55% improvement of rotation at 3 years. There were 20 adverse events, of which 16 were mild and 4 were moderate in severity. The 4 moderate events of pneumonia, distal decompensation, curve progression, and overcorrection occurred in 3 patients, 2 of whom required fusion.

Conclusions:
Anterior vertebral body tethering resulted in scoliosis deformity correction in the coronal and axial planes, with preservation of curve flexibility. Actual correction by growth modulation was noted only in patients with open TRC, whereas curve stabilization was noted in patients with closed TRC. Overcorrection, curve progression, and distal decompensation are problems with this technique.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
From megaprojects to tourism gentrification? The case of Santa Cruz Verde 2030 (Canary Islands, Spain)
Authors: Hübscher Marcus 
Published: December 2019

The inner-city oil refinery in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain, has been shaping the city’s urbanism as an employer, but also as a polluter and a physical barrier for more than 80 years. The megaproject Santa Cruz Verde 2030 aims at transforming this area into a mixed-use urban quarter. Based on a mixed methods approach, this paper analyses the impacts of the megaproject by means of document, spatial and statistical analyses. The project is estimated to increase the city’s green areas by 39 % and the number of hotel beds by 70 %, provoking a strong touristifaction. Santa Cruz Verde 2030 stands for a new type of megaprojects, offering a variety of uses and sustainability wordings. Nevertheless, the impacts might reconfigure the city’s urbanism as a whole, shifting centralities to its southwest. On a neighbourhood level, spillover effects are expected to have diverging consequences. While in the Los Llanos neighbourhood gentrification and tourism are fostered, in Buenos Aires the megaproject implies the opportunity to integrate this currently segregated quarter into the city. Against this background, the paper outlines the necessity of transparent planning and monitoring processes, in order to ensure the sustainability of this new urban quarter.
Numerical Modeling of Fracture Propagation During Temporary-Plugging Fracturing
Authors: Zou Yushi , Ma Xinfang , Zhang Shicheng 
Published: December 2019

Summary
Temporary-plugging fracturing (TPF) is becoming a promising technique for maximizing the stimulated-reservoir volume in tight reservoirs by injecting diverting agents to plug the preferred perforations and/or hydraulic fractures (HFs). Previous work has developed diverting agents and evaluated their blocking efficiency. However, the mechanism and dominant influence factors of HF growth during TPF remain poorly understood to date, which restricts the application of this technique. To understand the problem and help improve the TPF design, this study simulated the HF-propagation process during TPF in a naturally fractured formation using a previously developed 3D discrete-element-method (DEM) -based complex fracture model. Plugged fracture elements with negligible permeability were incorporated into the model to characterize the blocking intervals of diverting agents within HFs. Parameters, including horizontal differential stress (Δσh), natural-fracture (NF) properties, the number of pluggings, plugging positions, and pumping rate, were investigated to determine their effects on the HF/NF-interaction behavior and the resulting HF geometry. The change in injection pressure before and after plugging under different conditions was also recorded in detail. Modeling results show that the HF/NF-interaction behavior might surprisingly change before and after plugging the preferred HF, ranging from HF crossing of NFs to HF opening of NFs. Notably, Δσh is still the most influential geological parameter that governs the HF-growth behavior during TPF. For a moderate Δσh (=8 MPa), the growth of a single planar HF before plugging can be changed easily into a complex HF network (HFN) through opening of NFs after plugging in the target stimulated region (TSR). In this case, the complexity and covering area of the resulting HFN is closely related to the NF density (positive correlation) and plugging positions. However, for a high Δσh (=12 MPa), opening (usually partially) the NFs after plugging is difficult even in formations with a high density of NFs. In such a case, a large volume of fluid, a high pumping rate, and several repeat pluggings during TPF are necessary. The results of this study help to understand the HF-growth mechanism during TPF and help to optimize the treatment design of TPF and to adjust it in a timely manner.
Evaluation of Quality of Life among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and voiding dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Gharaagozlou Marjan Mansourian , Hajhashemi Valiollah 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Evaluating the usefulness of treatment requires a direct measurement of the health-related quality of life (QOL). Therefore, this study was carried out aiming to determine the QOL of patients with MS and voiding dysfunction . Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using multi-stage random cluster sampling method on 602 patients with MS in Isfahan, Iran. All data were collected through interviews using standard questionnaires including International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: The prevalence rate of mixed, irritative, and obstructive urinary symptoms was 52.2%, 25.5%, and 6.5%, respectively. The mixed symptom had the highest prevalence among men and women with rates of 56.5% and 51.1%, respectively. The prevalence of irritative and obstructive symptoms was, respectively, higher and statistically significant among women alone and men alone (P < 0.05). The prevalence of irritative symptoms was higher among patients with MS, EDSS score ≤ 3, disease duration of less than 5 years, and with clinically isolated syndrome. In addition, the prevalence of mixed symptoms was higher among patients with MS of over 30 years of age with a Pre-high school degree, severe disability, disease duration of over 10 years, and progressive MS; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was a difference in the combined dimensions of physical and mental health of QOL between the two groups with and without urinary symptoms (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a higher probability of a urinary problems among patients with MS and high age [3.273 (1.083-9.860); P = 0.035]. Conclusions: Mixed urinary symptoms are highly prevalent among MS patients and affect QOL dimensions. In order to improve QOL, more attention and focus should be paid to urinary problems in MS patients. Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, urinary symptoms, quality of life
Accuracy and efficacy of diagnosis using clinical characteristics integrated with metabolomics in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ni Cheng-Ming , Huang Wen-Long , Jiang Yan-min , Xu Juan , Duan Ru , Zhu Yun-Long , Zhu Xu-Ping , Fan Xue-Mei , Luo Guo-An , Wang Yi-ming , Li Yan-Yu , Xu Lan , He Qing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a complex endocrine syndrome, and the mechanisms underlying its various clinical signs and symptoms are still poorly understood. It is critical to precisely diagnose the phenotypes of PCOS in order to provide patients with individualized therapy[1, 2] . However, the criteria by which to diagnose different phenotypes, which are mostly based on symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation, remain unclear. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy and precision of metabolomic markers with common clinical characteristics to determine a more effective way to diagnose and treat two subgroups, one based on clinical indexes and another based on metabolomic indexes[3], of PCOS patients. The effects of different the interventions based on the two subgroups will also be observed. Methods This is a prospective, multicenter, analyst-blinded, randomized controlled trial. There will be one healthy control group and two parallel experimental arms in this study: (1) people without PCOS (health control group); (2) PCOS patients diagnosed based on clinical indexes (group 1); (3) PCOS patients diagnosed based on metabolomic indexes (group 2). A total of 276 eligible people will be recruited, including 60 healthy people and 216 PCOS patients, who will be randomly assigned to different diagnosis groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the two different diagnosis groups will be divided into two different subgroups based on their clinical characteristics (group 1 based on clinical indexes, group 2 based on metabolomic indexes); thereafter, they will receive a 6-month different treatment. The primary outcome for experimental groups will be the treatment effect of PCOS. Discussion The purpose of this trial is to determine whether integrated metabolomic indexes are more accurate and effective than clinical characteristics in the diagnosis of the phenotypes of reproductive females with PCOS. This trial will therefore contribute to the provision of a solid foundation for the precise clinical diagnosis of two PCOS subgroups, as well as for future research on individualized PCOS therapy.
Comparative metabolome analysis of serum changes in sheep under overgrazing or light grazing conditions
Authors: Zhang Jize , Gao Yang , Guo Huiqin , Ding Yong , Ren Weibo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Overgrazing is a primary contributor to severe reduction in forage quality and production in Inner Mongolia, leading to extensive ecosystem degradation, sheep health impairment and growth performance reduction. Further studies to identify serum biomarkers that reflect changes in sheep health and nutritional status following overgrazing would be beneficial. We hereby hypothesize that reduced sheep growth performance under overgrazing conditions would be associated with metabolic and immune response alterations. This study used an untargeted metabolomics analysis by conducting ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) of sheep serum under overgrazing and light grazing conditions to identify metabolic disruptions in response to overgrazing.
Results
The sheep body weight gains as well as serum biochemical variables associated with immune responses and nutritional metabolism (immunoglobulin G, albumin, glucose, and nonesterified fatty acids) were significantly decreased with overgrazing compared with light grazing condition. In contrast, other serum parameters such as alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, and interleukin-8 were markedly higher in the overgrazing group. Principal component analysis discriminated the metabolomes of the light grazing from the overgrazing group. Multivariate and univariate analyses revealed changes in the serum concentrations of 15 metabolites (9 metabolites exhibited a marked increase, whereas 6 metabolites showed a significant decrease) in the overgrazing group. Major changes of fatty acid oxidation, bile acid biosynthesis, and purine and protein metabolism were observed.
Conclusions
These findings offer metabolic evidence for putative biomarkers for overgrazing-induced changes in serum metabolism. Target-identification of these particular metabolites may potentially increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of altered immune responses, nutritional metabolism, and reduced sheep growth performance under overgrazing conditions.
Pregnancy outcomes of dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancies after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer : multifoetal pregnancy reduction versus expectant management
Authors: Cai Pei , Ouyang Yan , Gong Fei , Li Xihong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Trichorionic triplet pregnancy reduction to twin pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of preterm delivery but not with a lower risk of miscarriage. However, data on dichorionic triamniotic (DCTA) triplet pregnancy outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to compare the pregnancy outcomes of DCTA triplets conceived via in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) managed expectantly or reduced to a monochorionic (MC) singleton or monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins at 11-13 +6 gestational weeks.
Method s : Two hundred ninety-eight patients with DCTA triplets conceived via IVF-ET between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively analysed. DCTA triplets with three live foetuses were reduced to a MC singleton (group A) or MCDA twins (group B) or underwent expectant management (group C). Each multifoetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) was performed at 11-13 +6 gestational weeks. Pregnancy outcomes in the 3 groups were compared.
Results: Eighty-four DCTA pregnancies were reduced to MC singleton pregnancies, 149 were reduced to MCDA pregnancies, and 65 were managed expectantly.
There were no significant differences among groups A, B, and C in miscarriage rate (8.3 vs. 7.4 vs. 10.8%, respectively) and live birth rate (90.5 vs. 85.2 vs. 83.1%, respectively) (P > 0.05).
Group A had significantly lower rates of preterm birth (8.3 vs. 84.6%; odds ratio (OR) 0.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.006-0.046) and low birth weight (LBW; 9.2 vs. 93.2%; OR 0.007, 95% CI 0.003-0.020) than group C (P < 0.001).
Group B had significantly lower preterm birth (47.0 vs. 84.6%; OR 0.161, 95% CI 0.076-0.340) and LBW rates (58.7 vs. 93.2%; OR 0.103, 95% CI 0.053-0.200) than group C (P < 0.001).
Group A had significantly lower preterm birth (8.3 vs. 47.0%; OR 0.103, 95% CI 0.044-0.237; P < 0.001), LBW (9.2 vs. 58.7%; OR 0.071, 95% CI 0.032-0.162; P < 0.001) and perinatal death rates (1.3 vs. 9.1%; OR 0.132, 95% CI 0.018-0.991; P = 0.021) than group B.
Conclusion: The MFPR of DCTA triplets to singleton or MCDA pregnancies was associated with better pregnancy outcomes compared to expectant management. DCTA triplets reduced to singleton pregnancies had better perinatal outcomes than DCTA triplets reduced to MCDA pregnancies.
Men’s grief following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss: A systematic review and emerging theoretical model
Authors: Obst Kate , Due Clemence , Oxlad Melissa , Middleton Philippa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Emotional distress following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss is common, with enduring grief occurring for many parents. However, little is known about men’s grief, since the majority of existing literature and subsequent bereavement care guidelines have focused on women. To develop a comprehensive understanding of men’s grief, this systematic review sought to summarise and appraise the literature focusing on men’s grief following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss.
Methods : A systematic review was undertaken with searches completed across four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL). These were guided by two research questions: 1) what are men’s experiences of grief following pregnancy/neonatal loss; and 2) what are the predictors of men’s grief following pregnancy/neonatal loss? Eligible articles were qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods empirical studies including primary data on men’s grief, published between 1998 and October 2018. Eligibility for loss type included miscarriage or stillbirth (by any definition), termination of pregnancy for nonviable foetal anomaly, and neonatal death up to 28 days after a live birth.
Results : A final sample of 46 articles were identified, including 26 qualitative, 19 quantitative, and one mixed methods paper. Findings indicate that men’s grief experiences are highly varied, and current grief measures may not capture all of the complexities of grief for men. Qualitative studies identified that in comparison to women, men may face different challenges including expectations to support female partners, and a lack of social recognition for their grief and subsequent needs. Men may face double-disenfranchised grief in relation to the pregnancy/neonatal loss experience.
Conclusion : There is a need to increase the accessibility of support services for men following pregnancy/neonatal loss, and to provide recognition and validation of their experiences of grief. Cohort studies are required among varied groups of bereaved men to confirm grief-predictor relationships, and to refine an emerging socio-ecological model of men’s grief.
Correlations in parameters of balance between fathers and their adult sons
Authors: Naczk Mariusz , Bezulska Anna , Adach Zdzislaw , Celichowski Jan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The literature data suggest that balance control is genetically determined, however the data are inconsistent with respect to correlations in balance parameters among adult relatives. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify correlations between fathers and their adult sons in chosen balance parameters. Moreover, we tested how the relationships in balance between fathers and their adult sons change following fatigue. Methods: The balance parameters were measured twice: before and immediately after the fatigue procedure (treadmill running to exhaustion) with the pedographic platform in two groups of relatives and correlated for 30 pairs father-adult son. Results: The positive significant correlations were found for parameters describing deflection in the sagittal plane: the average deflection of center of pressure progression (COPP) and average value of COPP velocity in sagittal plane as well as the average value of velocity of COPP, the length of COPP trajectory and the surface area of the trajectory covered by COPP, both before and after the fatigue procedure. There were no significant correlations between lifestyle of participants and balance parameters. Conclusions: In summary, our study found numerous correlations in balance parameters related to deflection in the sagittal plane between fathers and their adult sons. These correlations were not abolished by fatigue. Our results suggest that the ability to maintain balance is influenced by genetics. This conclusion can be useful in many sports in which the ability to maintain balance influence on sports score.
What is the impact of fitness on injury risk during police academy training? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tomes Colin , Schram Benjamin , Pope Rodney , Orr Robin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: In the conduct of their daily duties, law enforcement officers (LEO) are often required to perform dynamic, physically demanding tasks with little or no notice, sometimes at maximal levels of exertion. Given these requirements, training for prospective LEOs must be rigorous enough to ensure that when trainees graduate, they are competent in their response to crisis and resilient enough to maintain this for the span of their career. Therefore, based on previously reported effectiveness of fitness testing in predicting injury risk in predominantly military settings, the aim of this study was to investigate relationships between a physical ability test (PAT) and risk of injury during police recruit training. Methods: Retrospective PAT results and trainee injury records were obtained from a national police department and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to investigate fitness differences between trainees who were, or were not, injured. Results: Significant differences in mean performance between groups existed for the following PAT components: pushups (injured mean 32.94±8.66 reps, uninjured mean 35.67±9.04 reps, p=0.01) and (R) grip strength (injured mean 49.61±12.51kg, uninjured mean 52.12±11.17kg, p=0.042) for all injuries; vertical jump height (injured mean 51.75±7.54cm, uninjured mean 55.06±8.19cm, p=0.032) for lower limb injuries, and all measures of grip strength for trunk injury. Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that a clinically relevant relationship between some PAT fitness components and injury risk exists during police recruit training.