bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Level and Expression of Visfatin in the Porcine Hypothalamus During the Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy
Authors: Kaminski Tadeusz , Kiezun Marta , Zaobidna Ewa , Dobrzyń Kamil , Wasilewska Barbara , Mlyczynska Ewa , Rytelewska Edyta , Kisielewska Katarzyna , Gudelska Marlena , Bors Kinga , Kopij Grzegorz , Szymanska Karolina , Kaminska Barbara , Rak Agnieszka , Smolinska Nina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVisfatin exists in two forms: the intracellular form which is a rate limiting enzyme engaged in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis and the extracellular form considered as an adipokine, produced mainly by the adipose tissue. Visfatin could be an energy sensor involved in regulating female fertility, which creates a hormonal link integrating the control of energy homeostasis and reproduction. MethodsThe study compares the expression levels of visfatin gene (quantitative real time PCR) and protein (Western blotting and fluorescent immunohistochemistry) in the selected areas of the porcine hypothalamus responsible for gonadotropin releasing hormone synthesis: the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) and preoptic area (POA), and visfatin concentrations in the blood plasma (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The tissue samples were harvested from gilts on days 2-3, 10-12, 14-16 and 17-19 of the estrous cycle, and on days 10-11, 12-13, 15-16, 27-28 of pregnancy. Differences between groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. ResultsDuring the estrous cycle, visfatin mRNA expression in the MBH was higher on days 2-3 and 17-19, while the visfatin protein concentration on days 17-19. During early pregnancy, the most pronounced gene and protein expression in the MBH was found on days 15-16 and 10-11, respectively. In the POA during the estrous cycle, visfatin gene expression was the highest on days 17-19, and the protein level of visfatin on days 14-16. During early pregnancy, the highest expression of visfatin gene in the POA was observed on days 15-16, whereas the protein concentrations on days 27-28. Blood plasma concentrations of visfatin during the estrous cycle were higher on days 2-3 in relation to other studied phases of the cycle. During early pregnancy, the highest visfatin contents in the blood plasma were observed on days 12-13. Visfatin gene and protein expression in MBH and POA, and visfatin plasma concentrations differed during early pregnancy in relation to days 10-12 of the cycle. ConclusionsThis study demonstrated visfatin expression in the porcine hypothalamus and its dependence on hormonal milieu related to the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.
LRP4 in Hippocampal Astrocytes Serves as A Negative Feedback Factor in Seizures
Authors: Yu Zheng , Zhang Meiying , Luo Bin , Jing Hongyang , Yu Yue , Wang Shunqi , Luo Shiwen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Backgroud Epilepsy is characterized by the typical symptom of seizure, and anti-seizure medications are the main therapeutic method in clinical, but the effects of these therapy have not been satisfactory. To find a better treatment, it makes sense to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of seizures at genetic level. LRP4 regionally expresses in mice hippocampus where is key to limbic epileptogenesis. It is well known that neurons release a high level of glutamate during seizures, and it has been reported that LRP4 in astrocytes down-regulates glutamate released from neurons. However, it is still unclear whether there is a relationship between LRP4 expression level and seizures, and whether LRP4 plays a role in seizures.Results We found that seizures induced by pilocarpine decreased LRP4 expression level and increased miR-351-5p expression level in mice hippocampus. Glutamate reduced LRP4 expression and enhanced miR-351-5p expression in cultured hippocampal astrocytes, and these effects can be partially attenuated by AP5. Furthermore, miR-351-5p inhibitor lessened the reduction of LRP4 expression in glutamate treated hippocampal astrocytes. Local reduction of LRP4 in hippocampus by sh Lrp4 lentivirus injection in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures in pilocarpine or pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injected mice. Conclutions These results indicated that high released glutamate induced by seizures down-regulated astrocytic LRP4 through increasing miR-351-5p in hippocampal astrocytes via activating astrocytic NMDA receptor, and locally reduction of LRP4 in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures. LRP4 in hippocampal astrocytes appears to serve as a negative feedback factor in seizures. This provides a new potential therapeutic target for seizures regulation.
A nomogram to predict the high-risk RS in HR+/HER2-breast cancer patients older than 50 years of age
Authors: Yu Jing , Wu Jiayi , Huang Ou , He Jianrong , Zhu Li , Chen Weiguo , Li Yafen , Chen Xiaosong , Shen Kunwei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) testing can predict the prognosis for luminal breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, patients >50 years with RS >25 have improved survival with adjuvant chemotherapy. The current study aimed to develop a nomogram with routine parameters to predict RS.Methods: We included patients diagnosed with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative who underwent the 21-gene RS testing and aged >50 years. The primary outcome was high-risk RS (>25). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify significant predictors. A predictive nomogram based on logistic model was developed and evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The nomogram was internally validated for discrimination and calibration with bootstrapping method. We then assessed the nomogram in different subgroups of patients and compared it with several published models.Results: A total of 1100 patients were included. Five clinicopathological parameters were used as predictors of a high-risk RS, including tumor grade, histologic subtype, ER expression, PR expression, and Ki-67 index. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.798 (95% CI 0.772-0.825) and optimism adjusted AUC was 0.794 (95% CI, 0.781-0.822). Calibration plots indicated that the nomogram-predicted results were well fitted to the actual outcomes. The nomogram had better discriminate ability in patients who had tumors >2cm (AUC=0.847, 95% CI 0.804-0.890). When compared with four other existing models, similar AUC was observed between our nomogram and the model constructed by discriminate Lee et al.Conclusions: We developed a user-friendly nomogram to predict the high-risk RS in luminal breast cancer patients who were older than 50 years of age, which could guide treatment decision making for those who have no access to the 21-gene RS testing.
Association Between Preoperative Lipid Profiles and New-onset Diabetes After Transplantation in Chinese Kidney Transplant Recipients: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: YE Yangli , GAO Jian , LIANG Jing , YANG Yinqiu , LV Chaoyang , CHEN Minling , WANG Jina , ZHU Dong , RONG Ruiming , XU Ming , ZHU Tongyu , YU Mingxiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the association between the preoperative lipid profiles and new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in Chinese kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).Methods: In this study, of 1140 KTRs registered between January 1993 and March 2018 in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 449 were enrolled. Clinical data, obtained through a chart review of the patient records in the medical record system, were evaluated, and NODAT was diagnosed based on the American Diabetes Association guidelines. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine whether the preoperative lipid profiles in KTRs were independently associated with NODAT incidence. The preoperative lipid profiles were analyzed as continuous variables and grouped into tertiles. Smooth curve fitting was used to confirm the linear associations.Results: During a median follow-up of 28.03 (interquartile range 12.00–84.23) months, 104 of the 449 (23.16%) participants developed NODAT. In the multivariate model analysis, after adjusting for all potential covariates, increased preoperative total cholesterol (TC) [hazard ratio (HR)=1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.09–1.58, p=0.0495], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, HR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.02–1.75, p=0.0352), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C, HR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.09–1.82, p=0.0084), TC/HDL-C(HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.06–1.54, p=0.0109), and non-HDL-C/HDL-C(HR=1.26 , 95% CI: 1.05–1.52, p=0.0138) were associated with NODAT. The association between the preoperative triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, or TG/HDL-C and NODAT were not significant.Conclusions: Preoperative TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C were independent risk factors for NODAT.
Clinicopathological Features of Fibrosarcomatous Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans and the Construction of a Back-Propagation Neural Network Recognition Model
Authors: Li Yanan , Liang Jiaqi , Xu Xuewen , Jiang Xian , Wang Chuan , Chen Siyuan , Xiang Bo , Ji Yi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFibrosarcomatous dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (FS-DFSP) is a form of tumor progression of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) with an increased risk of metastasis and recurrence. Few studies have compared the clinicopathological features of FS-DFSP and conventional DFSP (C-DFSP).ObjectivesTo better understand the epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of FS-DFSP.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study of 221 patients diagnosed with DFSP and built a recognition model with a back-propagation (BP) neural network for FS-DFSP.ResultsTwenty-six patients with FS-DFSP and 195 patients with C-DFSP were included. There were no differences between FS-DFSP and C-DFSP regarding age at presentation, age at diagnosis, sex, size at diagnosis, size at presentation, and the size interval. The negative ratio of CD34 in FS-DFSP (11.5%) was significantly lower than that in C-DFSP (5.1%) (P=0.005). The average Ki-67 index of FS-DFSP (18.1%) cases was significantly higher than that of C-DFSP (8.1%) cases (P<0.001). The classification accuracy of the BP neural network model training samples was 100%. The correct rates of classification and misdiagnosis were 84.1% and 15.9%.ConclusionsThe clinical manifestations of FS-DFSP and C-DFSP are similar but have large differences in immunohistochemistry. The classification accuracy and feasibility of the BP neural network model are high in FS-DFSP.
High Boron Content and Soluble Polyborosilazanes to Amorphous SiBCN Ceramics
Authors: Chen Qingqing , Jia Dechang , Liao Xingqi , Yang Zhihua , Zhou Yu , Ralf Riedel , Yu Zhaoju , Li Daxin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To increase the content of boron in soluble polyborosilazanes (PBSZs) (the Si/B ratio should be less than 3), we introduce a successful one-pot synthesis method of a precursor by reaction with tris(dichloromethylsilylethyl)borane (TDSB), boron trichloride (BTC) and hexamethyldisilazane (HDMS) that satisfies the above conditions. The precursor was successfully transformed to SiBCN fibers by electrospinning technology. The resulting SiBCN ceramic material produced by the new route has high performance and high-temperature resistance against crystallization. Furthermore, we have analyzed the mechanism of the synthesis and ceramization of the new soluble precursor by NMR, FT- IR and TG- MS, and the high- temperature stability of the resulting SiBCN powder has been analyzed a by DTA, XRD and SEM.
Prognostic and Immunological Role of mRNA ac4C Regulator NAT10 in Pan-Cancer: New Territory&nbsp;for Cancer Research?
Authors: Yang Chuanxi , Wu Tingting , Zhang Jing , Liu Jinghui , Zhao Kun , Sun Wei , Shi Jing , Kong Xiangqing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNAT10 (also known as human N-acetyltransferase-like protein) is a critical gene that regulates N4-acetylcytidine formation in RNA, similar to the multiple regulators of N6-methyladenosine. However, the underlying functions and mechanisms of NAT10 in tumor progression and immunology are unclear.MethodsIn this study, we systematically analyzed the pan-cancer expression and correlations of NAT10, using databases including Oncomine, PrognoScan, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. The potential correlations of NAT10 with immune infiltration stages and gene marker sets were analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource and GEPIA.ResultsCompared with normal tissues, NAT10 showed higher expression in 26 of 27 cancers based on combined data from TCGA and GTEx. In different datasets, high NAT10 expression was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, and pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Moreover, there were significant positive correlations between NAT10 expression and immune infiltrates, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in LIHC. NAT10 expression showed strong correlations with diverse immune marker gene sets in LIHC.ConclusionNAT10 expression affects the prognosis of pan-cancer patients and is significantly correlated with tumor immune infiltration. Furthermore, it represents a potential target for cancer therapy.
Identification of evolutionarily stable sites across the SARS-CoV-2 proteome
Authors: Wang Chen , Konecki Daniel M. , Marciano David C. , Govindarajan Harikumar , Williams Amanda M. , Wastuwidyaningtyas Brigitta , Bourquard Thomas , Katsonis Panagiotis , Lichtarge Olivier 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Since the first recognized case of COVID-19, more than 30 million people have been infected worldwide. Despite global efforts in drug and vaccine development to fight the disease, there is currently no vaccine or drug cure for COVID-19, though some drugs reduce severity and hasten recovery. Here we interrogate the evolutionary history of the entire SARS-CoV-2 proteome to identify functional sites that can inform the search for treatments. Combining this information with the mutations observed in the current COVID-19 outbreak, we systematically and comprehensively define evolutionarily stable sites that are useful drug targets. Several experimentally-validated effective drugs interact with these proposed target sites. In addition, the same evolutionary information can prioritize cross reactive antigens that are useful in directing multi-epitope vaccine strategies to illicit broadly neutralizing immune responses to the betacoronavirus family. Although the results are focused on SARS-CoV-2, these approaches are based upon evolutionary principles and are agnostic to organism or infective agent.
Prediction of exposure risk associated with the dynamic behavior of aerosols during dental procedures in dental clinics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Baldion Paula Alejandra , Guerrero Camilo Alejandro , Cruz Alberto Carlos , Rodríguez Henry Oliveros 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop a risk prediction scale for COVID-19, based on an analysis of the dynamic behavior of aerosols generated during dental procedures.Materials and methodsThe dispersion of aerosols during dental procedures performed in six dental clinics was evaluated using standardized photographs. The digital images were processed to analyze the stained area and the dimensions of the drops. A logistic regression model was built with the following variables: ventilation, the distance from the mouth, the instrument used, the area in the mouth to be treated, and the location within the perimeter area.ResultsThe variables that were associated with a higher risk of exposure in the prediction scale were a distance of less than 78 cm; improper ventilation; the use of a high-speed handpiece; the location of the patient, operator, and assistant; and, to a lesser degree, the intervention of the anterior region of the mouth. The sizes of a large percentage of aerosolized particles ranged from 1 to 5 µm. The maximum settlement range from the mouth of the phantom head was 320 cm, with a high-risk cut-off distance of 78 cm.ConclusionsContamination by disseminating aerosols represents a significant risk for the dental team. Thus, it is advisable to improve ventilation, use extreme biosecurity measures and all the cleaning and disinfection measures.Clinical relevanceThe need to implement new clinical care strategies was evident. The scale is useful for predicting the risk of exposure to the contagion of COVID-19 in the dental office.
Balint-Holmes Syndrome due to stroke following SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single case report
Authors: Panico Francesco , Arini Angela , Cantone Pierluigi , Crisci Claudio , Trojano Luigi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the present case report we describe the clinical features of a patient showing Balint-Holmes’ syndrome following bilateral parieto-occipital damage due to a stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection. During neuropsychological assessment, the patient demonstrated severe optic ataxia, simulatanagnosia and gaze apraxia, which represent pathognomonic signs of Balint-Holmes’ syndrome. As several studies demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect the central nervous system, especially in presence of specific risks factors and neurological symptoms such as ageusia and anosmia, we considered the infection as a likely causal factor in our patient. Notwithstanding the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and stroke has not been fully comprehended, our report contributes to raising attention on the possibility that it can lead to even quite rare cognitive defects.
Does the place of residence affect the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding? A study in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Laksono Agung Dwi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Eastern Indonesia is a region that often underperforms in the health sector. The study aims to analyze the effect of the place of residence to achieve exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. The study employed data from the 2017 Nutrition Status Monitoring Survey. Toddler (7-59 months) about 8,291 were sampled. Variables included were exclusive breastfeeding status, the place of residence, mother's age, mother's education level, mother's marital status, mother's employment status, toddler's age, and toddler's gender. The final stage employed a binary logistics regression. The research results show that toddlers living in urban areas were 1.149 times more likely than toddlers living in rural areas to achieve exclusive breastfeeding (OR 1.149; 95% CI 1.022-1.291). The results of this analysis indicate that living in rural areas is a risk factor for toddlers not achieving exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. On the other hand, it was also found that all levels of education are more likely than those who do not go to school in Eastern Indonesia. Toddlers with employed mothers had 1.192 times the odds of toddlers with unemployed mothers achieving exclusive breastfeeding (OR 1.192; 95% CI 1.072-1.327). Meanwhile, toddler's age was also found to significantly affect achieving exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. It was concluded that the place of residence affects the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. Toddlers who live in urban areas have a better chance of achieving of exclusive breastfeeding.
Clinical course of COVID-19 patients needing supplemental oxygen outside the intensive care unit
Authors: Daher Ayham , Balfanz Paul , Aetou Maria , Hartmann Bojan , Müller-Wieland Dirk , Müller Tobias , Marx Nikolaus , Dreher Michael , Cornelissen Christian G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Patients suffering from CVOID-19 mostly experience a benign course of the disease. Approximately 14 % of SARS-CoV2 infected patients are admitted to a hospital. Cohorts exhibiting severe lung failure in the form of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been well characterized. Patients without ARDS but in need of supplementary oxygen have received much less attention. This study describes the diagnosis, symptoms, treatment and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 needing oxygen support during their stay on regular ward.Methods: All 133 patients admitted to the RWTH Aachen university hospital with the diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in an observational registry. Clinical data sets were extracted from the hospital information system. This analysis includes all 57 patients requiring supplemental oxygen not admitted to the ICU.Results: 57 patients needing supplemental oxygen and being treated outside the ICU were analyzed. Patients exhibited the typical set of symptoms for COVID-19. Of note, hypoxic patients mostly did not suffer from clinically relevant dyspnea despite oxygen saturations below 92 %. Patients had fever for 7 [2-11] days and needed supplemental oxygen for 8 [5-13] days resulting in an overall hospitalization time of 12 [7-20] days. In addition, patients had persisting systemic inflammation with CRP levels remaining elevated until discharge or death.Conclusion: This description of COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen therapy should be taken into account when planning treatment capacity. Patients on oxygen need long-term inpatient care.
Cell-Penetrating Peptides as a Potential Drug Delivery System for Effective Treatment of Diabetes
Authors: Korivi Mallikarjuna , Huang Yue-Wern , Liu Betty R. 
Published: October 2020

Background/Purpose:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from the
body’s inability to produce and/or use insulin. Patients with T2D often have hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation,
and oxidative stress, which then lead to hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease,
and increased risk of morbidity and mortality (9th leading cause globally). Insulin and related pharmacological
therapies are widely used to manage T2D, despite their limitations. Efficient drug delivery systems (DDS)
that control drug kinetics may decrease side effects, allow for efficient targeting, and increase the bioavailability
of drugs to achieve maximum therapeutic benefits. Thus, the development of effective DDS is crucial to beat
diabetes.

Methods:
Here, we introduced a highly bioavailable vector, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), as a powerful
DDS to overcome limitations of free drug administration.

Results:
CPPs are short peptides that serve as a potent tool for delivering therapeutic agents across cell membranes.
Various cargoes, including proteins, DNA, RNA, liposomes, therapeutic molecules, and nanomaterials,
generally retain their bioactivity upon entering cells. The mechanisms of CPPs/cargoes intracellular entry are
classified into two parts: endocytic pathways and direct membrane translocation. In this article, we focus on the
applications of CPPs/therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes. Hypoglycemic drugs with CPPs intervention
can enhance therapeutic effectiveness, and CPP-mediated drug delivery can facilitate the actions of insulin.
Numerous studies indicate that CPPs can effectively deliver insulin, produce synergistic effects with immunosuppressants
for successful pancreatic islet xenotransplantation, prolong pharmacokinetics, and retard diabetic
nephropathy.

Conclusions:
We suggest that CPPs can be a new generation of drug delivery systems for effective treatment
and management of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications.