bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism after Hospital Discharge in Internal Medicine: Findings from the Observational FADOI-NoTEVole Study
Authors: Squizzato Alessandro , Agnelli Giancarlo , Campanini Mauro , Dentali Francesco , Agnelli Francesca , Bonizzoni Erminio , Franco Alessandro , Gallo Andrea , Gussoni Gualberto , Nitti Cinzia , Triolo Giuseppa , Valerio Antonella , Ventrella Francesco , Fontanella Andrea ,   for the FADOI-NoTEVole Study Group
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background and Aim Post-discharge prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a challenging issue in patients hospitalised in Internal Medicine Units (IMUs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and the factors associated with post-discharge prophylaxis for VTE in IMUs.
Methods Multi-centre, retrospective study including consecutive patients who were admitted for any cause and discharged from an IMU.
Results Overall, 3,740 patients (mean age 74.1 ± 15.7 years) were included in the study at 38 IMUs in Italy. At discharge, the percentage of patients receiving pharmacological thromboprophylaxis was 16.0% (20.1% after excluding patients treated with anticoagulants for indications other than VTE prophylaxis). At multivariable analysis, history of ischaemic stroke, hypomobility ≥ 7 days, central venous catheter, ≥ 10 versus ≤ 5 days of hospital stay, use of corticosteroids, cancer, history of falls, availability of a caregiver, infections and age were significantly associated with thromboprophylaxis, while an inverse correlation was observed with concomitant anti-platelet drugs and platelet count < 70,000/mm3. Patients with a Padua Prediction Score ≥ 4 versus < 4 and with an IMPROVE bleeding score ≥ 7 versus < 7 more frequently received prophylaxis at discharge (31.2% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.0001, and 25.7% vs. 19.6%, p = 0.028, respectively).
Conclusion In this study, one in five patients discharged from an Italian IMU received prophylaxis for VTE. The perceived thrombotic risk is significantly related to the use of prophylaxis.
Further Insights into Developmental Brain Malformations and Leukoencephalopathy Associated with 6p25.3 Deletion
Authors: Eid Maha , Eid Ola , Hegazy Ibrahim , Girgis Marian , Mohamed Amal , Abdel-Salam Ghada M.H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report a new patient who presented with dysmorphic features and congenital heart disease. In addition, her brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed leukoencephalopathy, cavum septum pellucidum, perisylvian polymicrogyria, and focal occipital pachygyria. Her regular karyotype showed 46,XX add 6 (p25) due to malsegregation of a maternal balanced translocation 46,XX,t(6;7)(p25;q33) while the array-comparative genomic hybridization identified a 3.307 Mb heterozygous deletion at 6p25.3-p25.2 and 23.95 Mb duplication at 7q33-q36.3. A previous patient with the same developmental brain malformations and leukoencephalopathy with 6p25 deletion including TUBB2A and TUBB2B genes had been reported. Thus, confirming that these specific developmental brain malformations are due to TUBB2A and TUBB2B haploinsufficiency. Our report is the first to present the developmental brain malformations associated with whole gene deletions of the two tubulin genes and provide further insights into the etiology of developmental brain malformations and white matter abnormalities associated with 6p25 deletions.
Neuroimaging Spectrum of Inherited Neurotransmitter Disorders
Authors: Lim Yi Ting , Mankad Kshitij , Kinali Maria , Tan Ai Peng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInherited neurotransmitter disorders are rare neurometabolic conditions which encompass genetic disorders of neurotransmitter metabolism or transport. The clinical manifestations of these rare disorders are often nonspecific, ranging from encephalopathies and seizures to movement disorders. As a consequence, neurotransmitter disorders are underrecognized and often misdiagnosed. Accurate and timely diagnosis is, however, of utmost importance, given the availability of therapeutic strategies. A high index of clinical suspicion and familiarity with the neuroimaging phenotypes is therefore crucial. While the imaging features of various neurotransmitter disorders often overlap and are nonspecific, imaging can be helpful in providing useful clues to guide the diagnostic algorithm for uncommon conditions in a neonate presenting with nonspecific neurological symptoms. In this review paper, we aim to bring together current knowledge of neuroimaging phenotypes associated with inherited (primary) disorders of neurotransmitter biosynthesis. Magnetic resonance imaging phenotypes of disorders of monoamine biosynthesis, primary cerebral folate deficiency, disorders of pyridoxine metabolism, disorders of gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism, nonketotic hyperglycinemia (glycine encephalopathy), disorders of serine biosynthesis, and cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome will be discussed and illustrated with case examples.
Novel Pathogenic Variant in the Cys110 Residue: A Genotype–Phenotype Report of a Patient with Norrie Disease
Authors: Garcha Jaspreet , Jain Angita , Atwal Herjot , Sevlam Pavalan , Atwal Paldeep S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNorrie disease is an X-linked genetic disorder caused by pathogenic mutations in the NDP. Here, we describe the clinical phenotype and genotype in a 19-week-old male infant with bilateral retinal detachment. Whole exome sequencing using available commercial methods on the proband revealed a hemizygous substitution in exon 3 of NDP, which suggests the etiology behind retinal detachment. This report not only adds to the expanding mutational spectrum of NDP-related retinopathies but also highlights the recurrence of pathogenic variants in the Cys110 residue, adding additional evidence to this residue as a potential mutational hot spot.
MicroRNA-4461 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes inhibits tumorigenesis by downregulating COPB2 expression in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Hui-Li , Li Jiu-Jiang , Jiang Fei , Shi Wen-Jing , Chang Ge-Yun 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main cause of cancer-related deaths. It’s reported that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) affects tumor development through secreting exosomes. This study aims to investigate the function of BMSCs-derived exosome miR-4461 in CRC. The results of qRT-PCR showed that miR-4461 expression in DLD1, HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells and CRC tissues was lower than that in FHC cells and normal tissues, respectively. And COPB2 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with miR-4461. Western blot was used to detect COPB2 protein expression. Dual-luciferase reporter assay results revealed that miR-4461 targeted COPB2. Transwell assay and CCK-8 assay demonstrated that COPB2 knockdown inhibited HCT116 and SW480 cells proliferation, migration and invasion abilities. Furthermore, BMSCs-derived exosome miR-4461 downregulated COPB2 expression and inhibited HCT116 and SW480 cells migration and invasion. The findings demonstrated that miR-4461 could be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Charmonium production in pp, p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions with CMS experiment
Authors: Abdulsalam Abdulla 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We report the measurements of the prompt and non-prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) nuclear modification factors (R
AA) using pp and PbPb data and the RpPb using pPb data collected by CMS at the LHC. All measurements were performed via the dimuon decay channel. The R
AA analysis is based on PbPb and pp data samples collected at √s
NN = 5.02 TeV in 2015, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 464 μb−1 and 28 pb−1. These measurements are performed in the dimuon rapidity range of |y| < 2.4 as a function of centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum (p
T) from p
T = 3GeV/c in the most forward region and up to 50 GeV/c. The R
pPb analysis based on pPb data, is performed for prompt J/ψ and ψ(2S) in different kinematic bins of p
T and rapidity.
Dark Matter and Neutrino Mass Models: Phenomenology of the Scalar Sector
Authors: Ahriche Amine , Nasri Salah 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Many standard model (SM) extensions that are motivated by the problems of dark matter (DM) and neutrino mass and oscillations, include extra scalars. The existence of extra singlets may modify the strength of the Higgs decay (h → γγ), the Hoggs triple coupling and the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). During the EWPT dynamics gravitational waves (GWs) could be generated, and could be detected by future experiments such as DECIGO and LISA. In this work, we investigate these aspects.
Quark polarimetry with a recursive fragmentation model including the spin degree of freedom
Authors: Artru X , Belghobsi Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Several estimators of the initial transverse polarization of a quark fragmenting into a jet are proposed and compared using Monte Carlo simulations. These are based on the simplified version of a recursive model [A. Kerbizi et al, Phys. Rev. D97, 074010 (2018)] which includes the quark spin degree of freedom.
Exotic searches with the ATLAS detector
Authors: Bawa Harinder Singh 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The summary is given for the exotic, non-SUSY searches for new physics with the ATLAS detector at Large Hadron Collider(LHC). The results presented use data collected at center-of-mass energies of

s

=
13
T
e
V

, for data sets corresponding to a variety of integrated luminosities. Searches using leptons, photons, missing transverse energy, and jets are performed, as well as searches requiring custom jet and track reconstruction, and searches for so-called lepton jets. No deviations from Standard Model expectations are observed, hence constraints are placed on the phase space of available theoretical models.
Improved extraction of the up- and down-quark contributions to the nucleon electromagnetic form factors
Authors: Qattan I A , Arrington J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The nucleon (proton and neutron) electromagnetic form factors (FFs) are fundamental quantities in nuclear and elementary particle physics as they are essential ingredients needed to parametrize the internal structure of composite particles. The spatial distribution of charge and magnetization within the nucleon is encoded in the electric

G
E

(

p
,
n

)

and magnetic

G
M

(

p
,
n

)

FFs. These FFs have been extensively and precisely measured using elastic electron scattering. In addition, the combination of the proton and neutron FFs allows for the separation of the up- and down-quark contributions to the nucleon FFs. In this work, we improve on and extend to low- and high-Q
2 values our original analysis and extract the up- and down-quark contributions to the nucleon electromagnetic FFs using worldwide data. In particular, we emphasize new precise data which cover the low-Q
2 region which is sensitive to the large-scale structure of the nucleon. We compare our results to previous extractions and several recent theoretical calculations and models.
Dark Matter Searches as New Physics at the Future Circular Collider (FCC)
Authors: Naseem Safa , Nasri Salah , Soualah Rachik 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We highlight the importance of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) in the search for possible Dark Matter (DM) signatures. The focus will be on well motivated Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) extensions. We consider a class of radiative neutrino mass models which extend the SM by adding heavy right handed neutrinos (RHNs), where the neutrino masses are generated at loop level. Within this class of models, the lightest RHN is considered to be stable and serves as DM candidate. We perform preliminary studies of final states which involve missing energy contributions from DM candidates to learn about the feasibility of observing these final states at the expected FCC-hh, FCC-eh and FCC-ee beam colliders. Some of our results are discussed where the topology of the the final states are analysed depending on the obtained sensitivity of the signal. The study also yields the most common promising discovery channels in exploring potential indirect DM signatures at future lepton and hadron colliders.
Quantifying inhomogeneities in the HI distributions of simulated galaxies
Authors: Al Noori Hind , Macciò Andrea V. , Dutton Aaron A. , Dixon Keri L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The NIHAO cosmological simulations form a collection of a hundred high-resolution galaxies. We used these simulations to test the impact of stellar feedback on the morphology of the HI distribution in galaxies. We ran a subsample of twenty of the galaxies with different parameterizations of stellar feedback, looking for differences in the HI spatial distribution and morphology. We found that different feedback models do leave a signature in HI, and can potentially be compared with current and future observations. These findings can help inform future modeling efforts in the parameterization of stellar feedback in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation and evolution.
Phylogenomic insights into the Fascicularia-Ochagavia group (Bromelioideae, Bromeliaceae)
Authors: Paule Juraj , Schmickl Roswitha , Fér Tomáš , Matuszak-Renger Sabine , Halbritter Heidemarie , Zizka Georg 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOchagavia (four species) and Fascicularia (one species) form a well-supported clade of the early-diverging Bromelioideae. The two genera are morphologically similar, but they can be easily discerned on the basis of generative characters. Besides the species distributed on the Chilean mainland, the group includes O. elegans, endemic to the Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernández Islands. In previous molecular phylogenetic studies, O. elegans formed a sister clade to the remainder of Fascicularia and Ochagavia. A phylogenomic approach, including nearly complete and, in five cases, full plastomes (c. 160 kbp) and the nuclear rDNA cistron (c. 6 kbp), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of pollen were used to analyse relationships in the Fascicularia-Ochagavia group. Plastome and nuclear trees were largely congruent and supported previous phylogenetic analyses of O. elegans being sister to the remainder of the group. A divergent phylogenetic position was suggested for O. carnea using different organellar trees. SEM analysis of pollen supported the division of Fascicularia and Ochagavia. Evolutionary and taxonomic implications of our results are discussed.
The influence of floral variation and geographic disjunction on the evolutionary dynamics of Ronnbergia and Wittmackia (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae)
Authors: Aguirre-Santoro Julián , Salinas Nelson R , Michelangeli Fabián A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Ronnbergia alliance is a lineage of two genera, Ronnbergia and Wittmackia, which diversified in three centres of distribution; the Pacific Forest, the Atlantic Forest and the Caribbean. In this study, we reconstructed the most plausible biogeographic scenario that explain the disjunct evolution of the Ronnbergia alliance in these centres of diversity. We also compared the evolutionary rate dynamics of lineage diversification and floral evolution in each of these areas. Our results suggested that the Ronnbergia alliance originated in the Atlantic Forest c. 5.2 Mya. Ronnbergia originated c. 3.5 Mya after a long-distance dispersal event to the Pacific Forest. The diversification of Wittmackia started in the Atlantic Forest, c. 3.2 Mya, and experienced more heterogeneous evolutionary rate dynamics than Ronnbergia during its radiation. In Wittmackia a long-distance dispersal from the Atlantic Forest to Jamaica gave rise to the Caribbean clade, which diversified rapidly and experienced significantly higher rates of floral evolution. This study helped in understanding how bromeliad diversification occurs differently among major centres of biodiversity. In our case, we found how the Caribbean is a much more dynamic area of diversification than the Atlantic Forest or the Pacific Forest.
Activation of both transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathways upon traumatic brain injury restrains pro-inflammatory and boosts tissue reparatory responses of reactive astrocytes and microglia
Authors: Divolis Georgios , Stavropoulos Athanasios , Manioudaki Maria , Apostolidou Anastasia , Doulou Athanasia , Gavriil Ariana , Dafnis Ioannis , Chroni Angeliki , Mummery Christine , Xilouri Maria , Sideras Paschalis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVarious ligands and receptors of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily have been found upregulated following traumatic brain injury; however, the role of this signalling system in brain injury pathophysiology is not fully characterized. To address this, we utilized an acute stab wound brain injury model to demonstrate that hallmarks of transforming growth factor-β superfamily system activation, such as levels of phosphorylated Smads, ligands and target genes for both transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein pathways, were upregulated within injured tissues. Using a bone morphogenetic protein-responsive reporter mouse model, we showed that activation of the bone morphogenetic protein signalling pathway involves primarily astrocytes that demarcate the wound area. Insights regarding the potential role of transforming growth factor-β superfamily activation in glia cells within the injured tissues were obtained indirectly by treating purified reactive astrocytes and microglia with bone morphogenetic protein-4 or transforming growth factor-β1 and characterizing changes in their transcriptional profiles. Astrocytes responded to both ligands with considerably overlapping profiles, whereas, microglia responded selectively to transforming growth factor-β1. Novel pathways, crucial for repair of tissue-injury and blood–brain barrier, such as activation of cholesterol biosynthesis and transport, production of axonal guidance and extracellular matrix components were upregulated by transforming growth factor-β1 and/or bone morphogenetic protein-4 in astrocytes. Moreover, both ligands in astrocytes and transforming growth factor-β1 in microglia shifted the phenotype of reactive glia cells towards the anti-inflammatory and tissue reparatory ‘A2’-like and ‘M0/M2’-like phenotypes, respectively. Increased expression of selected key components of the in vitro modulated pathways and markers of ‘A2’-like astrocytes was confirmed within the wound area, suggesting that these processes could also be modulated in situ by the integrated action of transforming growth factor-β and/or bone morphogenetic protein-mediated signalling. Collectively, our study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of transforming growth factor-β superfamily signalling in reactive astrocytes and microglia and points towards a crucial role of both transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein pathways in modulating the inflammatory and brain injury reparatory functions of activated glia cells.
Arsenite and cadmium promote the development of mammary tumors
Authors: Divekar Shailaja D , Li Heng-Hong , Parodi Daniela A , Ghafouri Tiffany Bita , Chen Renxiang , Cyrus Kedra , Foxworth Aaron E , Fornace Albert J , Byrne Celia , Martin Mary Beth 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrate that the heavy metal cadmium and the metalloid arsenite activate estrogen receptor-alpha in breast cancer cells by forming a high-affinity complex with the ligand-binding domain of the receptor and that environmentally relevant doses of cadmium have estrogen-like activity in vivo. The present study showed that in estrogen-receptor positive cells, arsenite and cadmium increased the global expression of estrogen-responsive genes and that an environmentally relevant dose of arsenite also had estrogen-like activity in vivo. Similar to estrogens, exposure of ovariectomized animals to arsenite induced the expression of the progesterone receptor, GREB1, and c-fos in the mammary gland and the expression of complement C3, c-fos, and cyclin D1 in the uterus and the increase was blocked by the antiestrogen ICI-182,780. When virgin female animals were fed a diet, that mimics exposure to either arsenite or cadmium, and challenged with the chemical carcinogen dimethylbenzanthracene, there was an increase in the incidence of mammary tumors and a decrease in the time to tumor onset, but no difference in the total number of tumors, tumor multiplicity, or total tumor volume. Together with published results, these data showed that environmentally relevant amounts of arsenite and cadmium had estrogen-like activity in vivo and promoted mammary tumorigenesis.
Ending the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Pandemic: Optimizing the Prevention and Treatment Toolkits
Authors: Eisinger Robert W , Folkers Gregory K , Fauci Anthony S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Unprecedented basic and clinical biomedical research advances over the past 4 decades have led to the development of “toolkits” of highly effective interventions for preventing and treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Despite many successes in decreasing the incidence and mortality of HIV, major challenges remain in the goal of ending the HIV pandemic in the United States and globally. Overcoming these challenges will require optimization of the implementation of existing interventions for HIV prevention and treatment together with the continued development of new and innovative approaches that can be readily utilized by individuals with HIV and those at risk of infection.
Treatment of chronic left ventricular assist device infection with local application of bacteriophages
Authors: Mulzer Johanna , Trampuz Andrej , Potapov Evgenij V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Left ventricular assist device-associated infections represent a major complication during long-term support. Driveline exit site infections harbour the risk of ascending into the pump, causing deep-seated infections. We report on the successful treatment of a chronic recurrent left ventricular assist device pump-associated infection by the local application of bacteriophages as adjunct to standard surgical and antimicrobial treatment.