bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arctigenin inhibits prostate tumor growth in high-fat diet fed mice through dual actions on adipose tissue and tumor
Authors: Hao Qiongyu , Diaz Tanya , Verduzco Alejandro del Rio , Magyar Clara E. , Zhong Jin , Elshimali Yahya , Rettig Matthew B. , Henning Susanne M. , Vadgama Jaydutt V. , Wang Piwen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the inhibitory effect of arctigenin, a novel anti-inflammatory lignan, on prostate cancer in obese conditions both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro obese models were established by co-culture of mouse adipocytes 3T3-L1 with androgen-sensitive LNCaP human prostate cancer cells, or by culturing LNCaP cells in adipocytes-conditioned medium. Arctigenin significantly inhibited LNCaP proliferation, along with decreased androgen receptor (AR) and increased Nkx3.1 cellular expression. Male severe combined immunodeficiency mice were subcutaneously implanted with human prostate cancer LAPC-4 xenograft tumors for in vivo study. Mice were fed high-fat (HF) diet and orally given arctigenin at 50 mg/kg body weight daily or vehicle control for 6 weeks. Tumor bearing HF control mice showed a significant increase in serum free fatty acids (FFAs) and decrease in subcutaneous/peritoneal fat depots compared to non-tumor bearing control mice. Arctigenin intervention significantly reduced tumor growth by 45%, associated with decreased circulating FFAs and adipokines/cytokines including IGF-1, VEGF, and MCP-1, along with decreased AR, Ki67, and microvessel density and increased Nkx3.1 expression in tumors. These results indicate the strong ability of arctigenin to co-target obesity and tumor itself in inhibition of prostate tumor growth at a lower concentration compared to most phytochemicals.
Association between maternal periodontal status and ultrasonographic measurement of fetal growth: A longitudinal study
Authors: Taniguchi-Tabata Ayano , Takeuchi Noriko , Uchida Yoko , Ekuni Daisuke , Morita Manabu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the association between intrauterine fetal growth patterns and periodontal status in pregnant women. Fifty-three pregnant women were recruited. Periodontitis was diagnosed based on probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Maternal urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine levels and body mass index were recorded. Ultrasonographic measurements of the biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) were recorded, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated. In addition, approximation spline curves of BPD, AC, FL, and EFW were obtained throughout the gestation period. Recorded delivery outcomes were gestational age (GA), birth weight and length, sex, placental weight, and umbilical cord length. Forty-four participants (34.1 ± 4.9 years) were analyzed. Mean neonatal birth weight was 2906.0 ± 544.4 g. On multiple regression analysis, birth weight was related with periodontitis (standardized β = −0.21, P = 0.001). For EFW and BPD, the curves of the periodontitis group were located lower than those of the non-periodontitis group, with significant differences after 32 weeks and 20 weeks of GA, respectively. In conclusion, periodontal treatment before conception may be recommended and a good periodontal condition in the early stage of pregnancy at the latest is desirable for infant growth.
C-reactive protein and post-stroke depressive symptoms
Authors: Kowalska Katarzyna , Pasinska Paulina , Klimiec-Moskal Elzbieta , Pera Joanna , Slowik Agnieszka , Klimkowicz-Mrowiec Aleksandra , Dziedzic Tomasz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOur study aimed to explore the association between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and post-stroke depressive symptoms. We prospectively recruited 572 patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in whom serum CRP level was measured within 48 h after stroke onset. Depressive symptoms were assessed at day 8 and 3 months after stroke in 405 and 306 patients, respectively. Patients with greater depressive symptoms at day 8 and patients with greater depressive symptoms 3 months after stroke had higher CRP level (median: 7.9 vs 4.3 mg/L, P < 0.01 and 6.7 vs 3.4 mg/L, P = 0.01, respectively). In the univariate analysis, CRP > 9.2 mg/L was associated with depressive symptoms at day 8 (OR: 2.06, 95%CI: 1.30–3.28, P < 0.01) and CRP > 4.3 mg/L was associated with depressive symptoms 3 months after stroke (OR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.06–3.02, P = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, higher CRP level was related to depressive symptoms at day 8 (OR: 2.23, 95%CI: 1.28–3.90, P < 0.01), but not depressive symptoms 3 months after stroke (OR: 1.13, 95%CI: 0.59–2.17, P = 0.71). In conclusion, higher levels of CRP are associated with greater depressive symptoms at day 8 after stroke, but their effects on depressive symptoms 3 months after stroke are less significant.
Weakly encoded memories due to acute sleep restriction can be rescued after one night of recovery sleep
Authors: Baena Daniel , Cantero Jose L. , Fuentemilla Lluís , Atienza Mercedes 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSleep is thought to play a complementary role in human memory processing: sleep loss impairs the formation of new memories during the following awake period and, conversely, normal sleep promotes the strengthening of the already encoded memories. However, whether sleep can strengthen deteriorated memories caused by insufficient sleep remains unknown. Here, we showed that sleep restriction in a group of participants caused a reduction in the stability of EEG activity patterns across multiple encoding of the same event during awake, compared with a group of participants that got a full night’s sleep. The decrease of neural stability patterns in the sleep-restricted group was associated with higher slow oscillation-spindle coupling during a subsequent night of normal sleep duration, thereby suggesting the instantiation of restorative neural mechanisms adaptively supporting cognition and memory. Importantly, upon awaking, the two groups of participants showed equivalent retrieval accuracy supported by subtle differences in the reinstatement of encoding-related activity: it was longer lasting in sleep-restricted individuals than in controls. In addition, sustained reinstatement over time was associated with increased coupling between spindles and slow oscillations. Taken together, these results suggest that the strength of prior encoding might be an important moderator of memory consolidation during sleep. Supporting this view, spindles nesting in the slow oscillation increased the probability of correct recognition only for weakly encoded memories. Current results demonstrate the benefit that a full night’s sleep can induce to impaired memory traces caused by an inadequate amount of sleep.
Distinct neural mechanisms of social orienting and mentalizing revealed by independent measures of neural and eye movement typicality
Authors: Ramot Michal , Walsh Catherine , Reimann Gabrielle Elise , Martin Alex 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExtensive study of typically developing individuals and those on the autism spectrum has identified a large number of brain regions associated with our ability to navigate the social world. Although it is widely appreciated that this so-called “social brain” is composed of distinct, interacting systems, these component parts have yet to be clearly elucidated. Here we used measures of eye movement and neural typicality—based on the degree to which subjects deviated from the norm—while typically developing (N = 62) and individuals with autism (N = 36) watched a large battery of movies depicting social interactions. Our findings provide clear evidence for distinct, but overlapping, neural systems underpinning two major components of the “social brain,” social orienting, and inferring the mental state of others.
Differences in Weeklong Ambulatory Vocal Behavior Between Female Patients With Phonotraumatic Lesions and Matched Controls
Authors: Van Stan Jarrad H. , Mehta Daryush D. , Ortiz Andrew J. , Burns James A. , Toles Laura E. , Marks Katherine L. , Vangel Mark , Hron Tiffiny , Zeitels Steven , Hillman Robert E. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Previous work using ambulatory voice recordings has shown no differences in average vocal behavior between patients with phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction and matched controls. This study used larger groups to replicate these results and expanded the analysis to include distributional characteristics of ambulatory voice use and measures indicative of glottal closure.

Method

Subjects included 180 adult women: 90 diagnosed with vocal fold nodules or polyps and 90 age-, sex-, and occupation-matched controls with no history of voice disorders. Weeklong summary statistics (average, variability, skewness, kurtosis) of voice use were computed from neck-surface acceleration recorded using an ambulatory voice monitor. Voice measures included estimates of sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency (
f
o
), cepstral peak prominence, and the difference between the first and second harmonic magnitudes (H1–H2).

Results

Statistical comparisons resulted in medium–large differences (Cohen's
d
≥ 0.5) between groups for SPL skewness,
f
o
variability, and H1–H2 variability. Two logistic regressions (theory-based and stepwise) found SPL skewness and H1–H2 variability to classify patients and controls based on their weekly voice data, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 and 0.82 on training and test sets, respectively.

Conclusion
Compared to controls, the weekly voice use of patients with phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction reflected higher SPL tendencies (negatively skewed SPL) with more abrupt glottal closure (reduced H1–H2 variability, especially toward higher values). Further work could examine posttreatment data (e.g., after surgery and/or therapy) to determine the extent to which these differences are associated with the etiology and pathophysiology of phonotraumatic vocal fold lesions.
Carbon quantum dots modified Bi2WO6 nanoflowers for enhancing photocatalytic activity: an experimental and DFT study
Authors: Wu Kun , Song Shaojia , Wu Huadong , Guo Jia , Zhang Linfeng 
Published: January 2020

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) decorated Bi2 WO6 nanocomposites were successfully synthesised by a facile hydrothermal method. The prepared samples were characterised by the XRD, FESEM, TEM, XPS, UV–vis DRS, photocurrent and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The DRS, photocurrent, PL spectra measurements reveal that the introduction of CQDs could broaden the absorption edge and accelerate the separation and transportation efficiency of carriers. Moreover, a reasonable charge transfer approach was given out based on the calculated work function and the differential charge difference. The CQDs/Bi2WO6‐2 sample provides the optimal activity for photodegradation of CIP under simulated sunlight irradiation. It is hopeful that this work not only gives a reference for the design of CQDs/Bi2WO6 composites, but also provides some mechanistic insights into enhanced photoactivity.
Apsidal motion in the massive binary HD 152248
Authors: Rosu S. , Rauw G. , Conroy K. E. , Gosset E. , Manfroid J. , Royer P. 
Published: January 2020

Context. The eccentric massive binary HD 152248 (also known as V1007 Sco), which hosts two O7.5 III-II(f) stars, is the most emblematic eclipsing O-star binary in the very young and rich open cluster NGC 6231. Its properties render the system an interesting target for studying tidally induced apsidal motion.
Aims. Measuring the rate of apsidal motion in such a binary system gives insight into the internal structure and evolutionary state of the stars composing it.
Methods. A large set of optical spectra was used to reconstruct the spectra of the individual binary components and establish their radial velocities using a disentangling code. Radial velocities measured over seven decades were used to establish the rate of apsidal motion. We furthermore analysed the reconstructed spectra with the CMFGEN model atmosphere code to determine stellar and wind properties of the system. Optical photometry was analysed with the Nightfall binary star code. A complete photometric and radial velocity model was constructed in PHOEBE 2 to determine robust uncertainties.
Results. We find a rate of apsidal motion of (1.843−0.083+0.064)° yr−1. The photometric data indicate an orbital inclination of (67.6−0.1+0.2)° and Roche-lobe filling factors of both stars of about 0.86. Absolute masses of 29.5−0.4+0.5 M⊙ and mean stellar radii of 15.07−0.12+0.08 R⊙ are derived for both stars. We infer an observational value for the internal structure constant of both stars of 0.0010 ± 0.0001.
Conclusions. Our in-depth analysis of the massive binary HD 152248 and the redetermination of its fundamental parameters can serve as a basis for the construction of stellar evolution models to determine theoretical rates of apsidal motion to be compared with the observational one. In addition, the system hosts two twin stars, which offers a unique opportunity to obtain direct insight into the internal structure of the stars.
Le chaos de l’éveil de coma comme organisateur du psychisme
Authors: Minjard Raphaël 
Published: January 2020

Cet article propose d’explorer, dans une perspective psychanalytique, la confusion ou le délire vécus par les patients à l’éveil de coma.Cette confusion est abordée sous l’angle du constat clinique de la désorganisation du sujet, associée au contexte de la réanimation et au vécu traumatique antérieur. Le délire est ensuite exploré comme représentant des potentialités réorganisatrices témoignant d’un processus intrasubjectif et intersubjectif à l’œuvre.
In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Anogeissus leiocarpa Bark Extract and Isolated Metabolites against Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Spalenka Jérémy , Hubert Jane , Voutquenne-Nazabadioko Laurence , Escotte-Binet Sandie , Borie Nicolas , Velard Frédéric , Villena Isabelle , Aubert Dominique , Renault Jean-Hugues 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum, is a cosmopolitan protozoan parasite that affects at least 30% of the worldʼs population. In West Africa, the leaves and bark of the tree species Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr. are used against zoonosis in traditional medicine and play a key role in controlling diseases induced by Apicomplexans such as malaria. In this study, extracts, fractions, and pure compounds obtained from an ethanol extract of the bark of A. leiocarpa were evaluated against T. gondii infection in vitro and in vivo. The crude bark extract showed significant activity on tachyzoites from the T. gondii RH strain (IC50 = 59.30 µg/mL). The crude bark extract without tannins and pure trachelosperogenin E purified by centrifugal partition chromatography showed the highest activity (IC50s = 12.83 and 26.63 µg/mL, respectively) with satisfying selectivity indexes of 9.61 and 9.75, respectively. The crude bark extract without tannins and pure trachelosperogenin E were able to significantly inhibit host cell invasion by the parasite in vitro, while the crude bark extract without tannins was able to increase mice survival in our murine model of chronic toxoplasmosis. These results provide new biological data for natural compounds that could enhance the current panoply of treatments against toxoplasmosis.
Evaluating Usability of a Touchless Image Viewer in the Operating Room
Authors: Bockhacker Markus , Syrek Hannah , Elstermann von Elster Max , Schmitt Sebastian , Roehl Henning 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Availability of patient-specific image data, gathered from preoperatively conducted studies, like computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging studies, during a surgical procedure is a key factor for surgical success and patient safety. Several alternative input methods, including recognition of hand gestures, have been proposed for surgeons to interact with medical image viewers during an operation. Previous studies pointed out the need for usability evaluation of these systems.
Objectives We describe the accuracy and usability of a novel software system, which integrates gesture recognition via machine learning into an established image viewer.
Methods This pilot study is a prospective, observational trial, which asked surgeons to interact with software to perform two standardized tasks in a sterile environment, modeled closely to a real-life situation in an operating room. To assess usability, the validated “System Usability Scale” (SUS) was used. On a technical level, we also evaluated the accuracy of the underlying neural network.
Results The neural network reached 98.94% accuracy while predicting the gestures during validation. Eight surgeons with an average of 6.5 years of experience participated in the usability study. The system was rated on average with 80.25 points on the SUS.
Conclusion The system showed good overall usability; however, additional areas of potential improvement were identified and further usability studies are needed. Because the system uses standard PC hardware, it made for easy integration into the operating room.
ALG-9 Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation: A Patient with Novel Variants and No Dysmorphism
Authors: Goswami Jyotindra Narayan , Roy Shuvendu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report a child with ALG-9 congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG9-CDG) with two novel missense variants on clinical exome sequencing. Unlike the 11 previously reported patients, index child did not have dysmorphism. The case portrays the clinical heterogeneity of ALG-9 CDG.
Acute Vestibular Syndrome
Authors: Kerber Kevin A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) is a label for presentations of new-onset severe dizziness, vertigo, or imbalance, with examination findings of nystagmus or gait unsteadiness. The prototypical AVS presentation is the acute unilateral vestibulopathy due to vestibular neuritis. Stroke is also a serious concern in patients with AVS. Most other peripheral vestibular disorders present as episodic or chronic syndromes. In this article, the diagnostic considerations, exam findings, and management of AVS are reviewed.
Treatment of Vascular Thrombosis in Antiphospholipid Syndrome: An Update
Authors: Kalmanti Lida , Lindhoff-Last Edelgard 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune disorder associated with arterial, venous, or microvascular thrombosis and/or pregnancy complications mainly in young age. The diagnosis is made by the persistent detection of anticardiolipin antibodies, β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (β2GPIA), and/or lupus anticoagulants (LAs) for at least 12 weeks. Patients should present with at least one clinical and one laboratory criterion. Patients presenting with all three types of antibodies and vascular events are high-risk patients and should receive vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) as long as the antibodies persist. In patients with prior arterial thrombosis, VKA with or without low-dose aspirin is the current treatment of choice. The international normalized ratio (INR) should be between 2 and 3 although in some cases keeping the target INR above 3 may be necessary. Patients with venous thrombosis and negative LA may alternatively be treated with direct oral anticoagulants although more data are needed. Minimizing vascular risk factors is always necessary in APS patients. Aspirin can be given as primary prevention in asymptomatic patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies without thrombosis or pregnancy complications especially when additional vascular risk factors are present. Catastrophic APS occurs in less than 1% of APS patients and presents as a thrombotic storm. Early use of a combined triple therapy such as anticoagulation, plasma exchange, and steroids with either or not addition of immunoglobulins is important to reduce mortality.
Advances in Understanding Mechanisms of Thrombophilic Disorders
Authors: Dahlbäck Björn 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVenous thromboembolism constitutes a major medical problem afflicting millions of individuals worldwide each year. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving both environmental and genetic risk factors. The most common genetic risk factor known to date is a mutation in the factor V (FV) gene (R506Q or FV Leiden), which impairs the normal regulation of FV by activated protein C (APC). APC is an important regulator of blood coagulation, cleaving and inactivating not only FV/FVa but also activated factor VIII (FVIIIa). In FVa, APC cleaves several sites, Arg506 (R506) being one of them. The R506Q mutation results in the APC resistance phenotype and a lifelong hypercoagulable state. A prothrombin gene mutation is another relatively frequent thrombosis risk factor, whereas deficiencies of the anticoagulant proteins antithrombin, protein C, or protein S are less common. As a result of the high prevalence of FV and prothrombin mutations in the general population, combinations of genetic defects are relatively common. Such individuals have highly increased risk of thrombosis.
Learning with Concept Maps versus Learning with Classical Lecture and Demonstration Methods in Neuroanatomy - A Comparison
Authors: Anand Mahindra Kumar , Singh Olive , Chhabra Prabhjot Kaur 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aims and Objectives: Concept maps as learning tool facilitate development of meaningful learning. It was developed by Novak and Gowin and is based on Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning. Present study was undertaken to sensitize students to use concept maps as a learning tool and to assess its effect on learning. The objectives of the study were to compare the learning with concept maps and traditional lecture-demonstration methods in neuroanatomy. Materials and Methods: A randomized cross sectional prospective study was conducted on 60 medical students of 1st year. Students were divided into 3 groups A, В and C. Group A studied “spinal cord and its meninges” by developing concept maps. Group C learnt through lecture and demonstration method. Group В studied with readymade concept maps, lecture and demonstration methods. Pre and post test were conducted for all groups with pre validated questionnaire. Feedback was obtained from both students and faculty through a 5 point Likert scale. Paired and unpaired t test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: There was significant improvement in knowledge in group A students in comparison to group C and В students. This improvement was more marked with regards to high cognitive type MCQs. 80% students found that development of concept maps helped them to understand topic better but it was time consuming. Conclusion: Concept mapping is a better learning tool in comparison to classical lecture and demonstration method. It facilitates higher cognitive learning. It can be included in medical undergraduate curriculum to facilitate meaningful learning.