bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiling and Quantification of the Key Phytochemicals from the Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera) and Dietary Supplements by UHPLC-PDA-MS
Authors: Fantoukh Omer I. , Wang Yan-Hong , Parveen Abidah , Hawwal Mohammed F. , Al-Hamoud Gadah A. , Ali Zulfiqar , Chittiboyina Amar G. , Khan Ikhlas A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Moringa oleifera is known as a drumstick tree and is cultivated in the subtropics and tropics. It exhibits antihypertensive and antidiabetic effects. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of 9 phytochemicals in M. oleifera leaves and marketed products. The efficient separation was achieved within 7 min with a temperature of 45 °C by using a C-18 column as the stationary phase and water/acetonitrile with 0.05% formic acid as the mobile phase. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, limits of detection, and limits of quantification. The limits of detections of phenolic compounds 1 – 9 were as low as 0.2 µg/mL. The photodiode array detector at 220 and 255 nm wavelengths was recruited for quantification. The key phytochemicals were detected in the range of 0.42 to 2.57 mg/100 mg sample weight in 13 dietary supplements. This study considers the quantitative analysis for lignans in M. oleifera for the first time. Isoquercitrin (5) and quercetin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl)-β−D-glucopyranoside (6) predominates the leaves of M. oleifera with inherent degradable nature detected for compound 6. Niazirin (2) was detected in amounts between 0.010 – 0.049 mg/100 mg while compound 1 was undetectable and potentially an artifact because of the fractionation process. The characterization and confirmation of components were achieved by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry with extractive ion monitoring for the positive and negative ion modes. The developed and validated method is robust and rapid in the conclusive quantification of phytochemicals and authentication of the Moringa samples for quality assurance.
Beta-Hydroxybutyrat-Messung mit dem GlucoMen®LX Plus zur Diagnose der diabetischen Ketoazidose bei Hunden und Katzen
Authors: Schramm Fabian , Weiß Mirjam , Dahlem Dorothee 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel Die Messung des Ketonkörpers Beta-Hydroxybutyrat (BOHB) spielt für die Diagnostik, Prognose und Therapiewahl bei der diabetischen Ketoazidose von Hund und Katze eine wichtige Rolle. Ziel dieser Studie war, für beide Tierarten klinisch anwendbare Cut-off-Werte für die BOHB-Messung mit dem Glukometer GlucoMen®LX Plus zu etablieren.Material und Methoden Anhand von Anamnese und den Laborbefunden pH-Wert, Glukose-, HCO3 –-Konzentration und Anionenlücke wurden 4 Probandengruppen gebildet (diabetische Ketoazidose, Diabetes mellitus ohne Ketoazidose, katabole, nicht diabetische Stoffwechsellage, Kontrolle). Bei allen Tieren erfolgte eine Messung der BOHB-Konzentration mit dem GlucoMen®LX Plus. Die Ergebnisse wurden in einer ROC-Kurven-Analyse zur Ermittlung der Cut-off-Werte verwendet.Ergebnisse In die Studie einbezogen wurden 47 Hunde und 55 Katzen. Der Cut-off-Wert zur Differenzierung zwischen Ketose und Ketoazidose betrug beim Hund 2,55 mmol/l und bei der Katze 4,05 mmol/l bei einer Sensitivität von 100 % und einer Spezifität von 82 % bzw. 100 % (Katze). Zwischen Ketose und kataboler Stoffwechsellage ergab sich ein Cut-off-Wert von 0,25 mmol/l beim Hund und 0,35 mmol/l bei der Katze bei einer Sensitivität von 58 % bzw. 59 % und einer Spezifität von 90 %.Schlussfolgerung Die Messung mit dem GlucoMen®LX Plus eignet sich bei Hund und Katze zur sicheren Unterscheidung zwischen Ketoazidose und Ketose. Die ermittelten Cut-off-Werte liefern eine gute Sensitivität und Spezifität. Eine Unterscheidung zu anderen katabolen Stoffwechsellagen kann allerdings nicht sicher erfolgen.Klinische Relevanz Anhand der ermittelten Cut-off-Werte können sichere Entscheidungen über Therapie und Prognose der diabetischen Ketose/Ketoazidose getroffen werden. Die Auswertung und Anpassung der Therapie kann direkt am Patienten bzw. mit dem Patientenbesitzer zusammen getroffen werden. Die BOHB-Messung eignet sich zur Spezifizierung der Diagnose einer DKA, die initiale Diagnose und Differenzierung zu anderen katabolen Störungen sollten allerdings nicht allein auf diesem Parameter beruhen. Hier muss zusätzliche Diagnostik erfolgen.
Novel polyp detection technology for colonoscopy: 3D optical scanner
Authors: Refai Hakki , Koudsi Badia , Kudsi Omar Yusef 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and study aims Fifty-eight percent of American adults aged 50 to 75 undergo colonoscopies. Multiple factors result in missed lesions, at a rate of approximately 20 %, potentially subjecting patients to colorectal cancer. We report on use of a miniaturized optical scanner and accompanying processing software capable of detecting, measuring, and locating polyps with sub-millimeter accuracy, all in real time.Materials and methods A prototype 3 D optical scanner was developed that fits within the dimensions of a standard endoscope. After calibration, the system was evaluated in an ex-vivo porcine colon model, using silicon-made polyps.Results The average distance between two adjacent points in the 3 D point cloud was 94 µm. The results demonstrate high-accuracy measurements and 3 D models while operating at short distances. The scanner detected 6 mm × 3 mm polyps in every trial and identified polyp location with 95-µm accuracy. Registration errors were less than 0.8 % between point clouds based on physical features.Conclusion We demonstrated that a novel 3 D optical scanning system improves the performance of colonoscopy procedures by using a combination of 3 D and 2 D optical scanning and fast, accurate software for extracting data and generating models. Further studies of the system are warranted.
Eine Frage der Zeit und Dosierung – intraarterielle Chemotherapie beim Oropharynxkarzinom
Authors: Aigner Karl Reinhard , Selak Emir , Gailhofer Sabine , Aigner Kornelia 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren erreichen durch die Standardtherapie gute Ansprechraten. Die Lebensqualität ist aber unter Radiochemotherapie oft sehr beeinträchtigt und Hauptgrund der hohen Suizidrate. In dieser Studie wird über die Behandlung von fortgeschrittenen Oropharynxkarzinomen des Stadiums IV mit intraarterieller Kurzzeit-Chemotherapie berichtet.
Methoden 55 Patienten mit progredienten, inzwischen inoperablen Oropharynxkarzinomen des Stadiums IVA (n = 44), IVB (n = 4) und IVC (n = 7) wurden mit intraarterieller Kurzzeit-Chemotherapie (IAC) behandelt. Die IAC wurde niedrigdosiert entweder über einen Angiokatheter oder einen implantierten intraarteriellen Portkatheter über einen Zeitraum von 7–12 Minuten infundiert. Ausgeprägte Tumormassen, eine hohe Anzahl an metastasierten Lymphknoten oder Lungenmetastasen wurden mit zusätzlicher isolierter Thoraxperfusion behandelt.
Ergebnis Unterschiedliche Überlebenszeiten wurden erreicht, je nach Vorbehandlung der Patienten. Die 1-, 2- und 3-Jahres-Überlebensraten lagen bei 76 %, 54 % und 35 % für nicht vorbestrahlte Tumoren und bei 40 %, 7 % und 7 % für vorbestrahlte Tumoren. Besonders gute Überlebenszeiten hatte die Untergruppe der zuvor behandelten, aber nicht bestrahlten Patienten mit Rezidiven (n = 8), welche eine mediane Überlebenszeit von 33,5 Monaten erreichten. Demgegenüber betrug die mediane Überlebenszeit der Patienten mit bestrahlten und rezidivierten Tumoren 8,2 Monate. Tracheostomien und Ernährungssonden wurden in allen Fällen vermieden.
Diskussion Randomisierte klinische Studien sind nötig, um die Ergebnisse zu belegen. Die Gabe von kleinen Dosierungen in das begrenzte Volumen der Tumorregion erzeugt hohe Konzentrationen am Wirkort und damit eine verstärkte Wirkung.
An Acute Spinal Intradural Hematoma after an Extraforaminal Wiltse Approach: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Raymaekers Vincent , Beck Tobias , Goebel Svenja , Janssens Femke , Van den Branden Lien , Menovsky Tomas , Plazier Mark 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA nontraumatic spontaneous spinal acute subdural hematoma (sSDH) is a rare complication after spinal surgery. Although an sSDH is often associated with anticoagulation therapy, vascular malformations, or lumbar puncture, the pathogenesis of nontraumatic spontaneous sSDH remains unclear. We present the case of an intradural hematoma after an extraforaminal surgery through the Wiltse approach for an extraforaminal disk herniation at L5/S1. This 58-year-old woman experienced hypoesthesia and progressive motor dysfunction in the left leg several hours postoperation. Urgent magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intradural hematoma at the L1/L2 to L2/L3 level in the ventral dural sac proximal to the surgical level. Surgical decompression was performed. There was no evidence of trauma, coagulopathy, or anticoagulation therapy. To our knowledge, this case is the first to report an acute sSDH proximal to the surgery level after an extraforaminal spinal surgery through the Wiltse approach for an extraforaminal disk herniation. It illustrates that attentive postoperative neurologic monitoring, even in the absence of intraoperative irregularities, remains important to diagnose and treat this complication at the early stage.
A Case Series of Penile Skin Grafting in Children
Authors: Qiu Lin , Zhang Xuan , Liu Yan , Fu Yuexian , Yuan Xingang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPediatric penile skin grafting is rarely performed. We present a case series of four pediatric patients receiving skin grafting due to the loss of penile skin. The four boys were followed up for 1 to 5 years. One full-thickness skin graft and three split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) survived well with low Vancouver scar scale scores. One boy gradually developed lymphedema of the distal foreskin and underwent a second preputioplasty. He presented with normal erectile function and did not experience any pain. We propose thick STSGs as the most appropriate choice for pediatric penile skin reconstruction. Lymphedema of the foreskin is an important long-term complication of penile skin grafting.
Convalescent Plasma Therapy for COVID-19: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Seshan Jayanth , Dube Surya K. , Rajagopalan Vanitha , Panda Pragyan S. , Rath Girija P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered a global health crisis probably due to a lack of a reliable cure till date. Several clinical trials are ongoing, but initial results have not been overly promising. Convalescent plasma (CP), which refers to plasma collected from individuals recovered from an illness and developed antibodies against the pathogen, is also being proposed as a therapeutic option for COVID-19 treatment in severe cases to achieve short-term immunity against the virus. Use of CP is not new, and it has been used in various outbreaks over the past century, ranging from the Spanish influenza outbreak in 1918 to the recent Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). However, data available on its use in COVID-19 patients is limited. Use of CP so far is restricted to a “rescue therapy” and needs further trials to assess its possible use in other situations (prevention, postexposure prophylaxis) and patient populations (considering age and comorbid illnesses). In this review, we will try to summarize the current status of use of CP for COVID-19 and ongoing trials in India and elsewhere and will discuss the possible avenues for its use in future.
COVID-19 Perceptional Disparity Among Dental Healthcare Personnel at King Faisal University: Applying Health Belief Model
Authors: Nasir Elwalid Fadul , Elhag Ahmed Khalid , Almahdi Hatim Mohammed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives In Saudi Arabia, more than 100, 000 cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and more than 4,000 in Al Hofuf to date. Dental healthcare personnel are at a higher risk of COVID-19 due to their exposure to saliva, blood, and aerosol/droplet during their daily practice. Their perceptions of COVID-19 drive their behaviors.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional online survey to assess COVID-19 related perceptions and possible disparities between them.
Statistical analysis Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science, version 23 (IBM SPSS). Descriptive analyses were performed using frequencies and percentages for categorical variables, mean and (± SD) for numerical variables. Bivariate analyses were assessed using t-test and one-way ANOVA, with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results With a response of 75% (150), results showed that there were perceptional disparities: students and technical staff perceived more barriers to preventive measures compared to faculties with a mean difference of (−0.145 SD ± 0.580, p = 0.802, CI −1.29 / 1.00 and −2.433, SD ± 0.94, p = 0.010), respectively. This was also shown in threat perception with a mean difference of (2.525, SE ± 0.917, CI 0.71/4.34, p = 0. 0.007). Students perceived more threat than clerks did with a mean difference of (1.281, SE ± 0.569, CI − 0.16 / 2.41, p = 0.026), while clerks perceived less threat than the technical staff with a mean difference of (−2.790, SE ± 0.860, CI −4.49 /−1.09, p = 0.001).
Conclusions There was a clear disparity in the perceptions among the different categories of participants. More emphasis on the training and preparedness of the dental healthcare personnel is required.
Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy Assisted by Fluorescence in a 13-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Bada-Bosch Isabel , Mata David Peláez , de la Torre Manuel , Ordóñez Javier , Blanco María Dolores , de Agustin Juan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPartial splenectomy allows preserving immune function in benign splenic lesions such as epidermoid cysts. Determining the plane of resection and perfusion of the spleen remnant can be difficult, especially in centrally located lesions. We present a 13-year-old girl with a symptomatic splenic cyst of 6 cm in diameter located next to the splenic hilum. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy was performed through a 10-mm umbilical approach and three accessory 5-mm ports. Intraoperative intravenous injection of indocyanine green (ICG) at 0.2 mg/kg guided the careful dissection of the splenic hilum and checked the spleen perfusion once the upper arterial branch was clamped. The subsequent wash-out of the ICG allowed inspection of the peripheral vascular return of the splenic remnant through polar veins. Surgery was uneventful with minimal blood loss. Follow-up ultrasound scan revealed a well-perfused small splenic remnant with no signs of recurrence.Laparoscopic partial splenectomy is feasible in benign splenic tumors, especially in those cases of peripheral location. Fluorescence facilitates the safe dissection of the splenic hilum, the visualization of the transection plane of the spleen and the perfusion of the remnant in cases of anatomically and technically complicated partial splenectomies.
Experience and Technique for Zenker's Diverticulum Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy: Z-POEM
Authors: Podgaetz Eitan , Konda Vani 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective With the advent of minimally invasive surgery, incisionless surgery, and third-space endoscopy, the treatment for Zenker's diverticulum has also moved toward less invasive techniques
Methods New incisionless per oral techniques can be applied for cricopharyngeal myotomy in Zenker's diverticulum.
Results Five patients underwent Zenker's diverticulum per oral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM) without complications, minimal discomfort, and narcotic consumption, with complete resolution of their symptoms by history and Eckardt scores.
Conclusions Z-POEM is performed entirely endoscopically with very little associated pain or complication rates, with short-term follow-up having excellent functional and symptomatic results.
Presenting Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes among Patients with Venous Thromboembolism during Hospitalization for COVID-19
Authors: Fernández-Capitán Carmen , Barba Raquel , Díaz-Pedroche María del Carmen , Sigüenza Patricia , Demelo-Rodriguez Pablo , Siniscalchi Carmine , Pedrajas José María , Farfán-Sedano Ana I. , Olivera Pavel Eduardo , Gómez-Cuervo Covadonga , Llamas Pilar , Villares Paula , Sanchez Olivier , López-Reyes Raquel , Catella Judith , Bikdeli Behnood , Weinberg Ido , Tafur Alfonso J. , Jiménez David , Monreal Manuel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). However, limited data exist on patient characteristics, treatments, and outcomes. To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and short-term outcomes of patients diagnosed with VTE during hospitalization for COVID-19. This is a prospective multinational study of patients with incident VTE during the course of hospitalization for COVID-19. Data were obtained from the Registro Informatizado de la Enfermedad TromboEmbólica (RIETE) registry. All-cause mortality, VTE recurrences, and major bleeding during the first 10 days were separately investigated for patients in hospital wards versus those in intensive care units (ICUs). As of May 03, 2020, a total number of 455 patients were diagnosed with VTE (83% pulmonary embolism, 17% isolated deep vein thrombosis) during their hospital stay; 71% were male, the median age was 65 (interquartile range, 55–74) years. Most patients (68%) were hospitalized in medical wards, and 145 in ICUs. Three hundred and seventeen (88%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 84–91%) patients were receiving thromboprophylaxis at the time of VTE diagnosis. Most patients (88%) received therapeutic low-molecular-weight heparin, and 15 (3.6%) received reperfusion therapies. Among 420 patients with complete 10-day follow-up, 51 (12%; 95% CI: 9.3–15%) died, no patient recurred, and 12 (2.9%; 95% CI: 1.6–4.8%) experienced major bleeding. The 10-day mortality rate was 9.1% (95% CI: 6.1–13%) among patients in hospital wards and 19% (95% CI: 13–26%) among those in ICUs. This study provides characteristics and early outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute VTE during hospitalization for COVID-19. Additional studies are needed to identify the optimal strategies to prevent VTE and to mitigate adverse outcomes associated.
Burned Ear Reconstruction Using the Combination of an Expanded Postauricular Scar Skin Flap and a Postauricular Fascial Flap
Authors: Guo Peipei , Pan Bo , Jiang Haiyue , Yang Qinghua , Lin Lin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe external ear is highly vulnerable to burn injury due to its location and thin integument. Reconstruction of the external ear after burns is a major challenge to undertake, and surgeons face many problems, including excessive scar tissue, poor blood supply, a paucity of available skin, and a high infection rate, when designing an operative plan for patients with postburn auricular deformity. In this article, the authors describe their experience of using an expanded postauricular scar flap combined with a postauricular fascial flap as the coverage for the framework for subtotal and total ear reconstruction in 27 burned patients. Four patients developed expander exposure and two developed framework exposure, which were resolved with good results after further repair. After an average follow-up time of 6 months, all of the patients experienced very good cosmetic outcomes, high satisfaction, and low morbidity.
Accelerating the evaluation of inspiral–merger–ringdown waveforms with adapted grids
Authors: García-Quirós Cecilio , Husa Sascha , Mateu-Lucena Maite , Borchers Angela 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an algorithm to accelerate the evaluation of inspiral–merger–ringdown waveform models for gravitational wave data analysis. While the idea can also be applied in the time domain, here we focus on the frequency domain, which is most typically used to reduce computational cost in gravitational wave data analysis. Our work extends the idea of multibanding Vinciguerra S et al (2017 Class. Quantum Grav.
34 115006), which has been developed to accelerate frequency domain waveforms, to include the merger and ringdown and spherical harmonics beyond the dominant quadrupole spherical harmonic. The original method of Vinciguerra S et al (2017 Class. Quantum Grav.
34 115006) is based on a heuristic algorithm based on the inspiral to de-refine the equi-spaced frequency grid used for data analysis where a coarser grid is sufficient for accurate evaluation of a waveform model. Here we use a different criterion, based on the local interpolation error, which is more flexible and can easily be adapted to general waveforms, if their phenomenology is understood. We discuss our implementation in the LIGO Algorithms Library (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration 2015 https://lsc-group.phys.uwm.edu/daswg/projects/lalsuite.html) for the IMRPhenomXHM García Quirós C et al (2020 arXiv:2001.10914) frequency domain model, and report the acceleration in different parts of the parameter space of compact binary systems.
On the radiation gauge for spin-1 perturbations in Kerr–Newman spacetime
Authors: Hollands Stefan , Toomani Vahid 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We extend previous work (2020 Class. Quantum Grav.
37 075001) to the case of Maxwell’s equations with a source. Our work shows how to construct a vector potential for the Maxwell field on the Kerr–Newman background in a radiation gauge. The vector potential has a ‘reconstructed’ term obtained from a Hertz potential solving Teukolsky’s equation with a source, and a ‘correction’ term which is obtainable by a simple integration along outgoing principal null rays. The singularity structure of our vector potential is discussed in the case of a point particle source.
Simulating waves and macroscopic phonons
Authors: Girwidz R V 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Wave phenomena are fundamental for many branches of physics, not only for mechanics. Thus, students at university level should become familiar with the underlying theory, and especially with solutions of the wave equation. This paper refers to a multimedia program for PCs, tablets or smartphones, and introduces and discusses several animated illustrations. The introduced program can illustrate the power of the wave equation. Basic wave phenomena can be computed with numerical methods. The finite difference method which is used can be lead back to fundamental assumptions of physics. Yet, this numerical method is capable of calculating a great variety of wave phenomena. Several examples can demonstrate the power of this numerical procedure. Phenomena like the propagation of circular waves diverging from a point source, Huygens’s elementary waves, superposition of waves, reflexion, refraction and transmission at the interface between different media, scattering, interference phenomena, as well as dispersion and the Doppler effect can be studied in animated visualisations. This opens up a variety of teaching and learning strategies, e.g. the single concept principle and the inverted classroom concept, and the modelling of partial differential equations (the wave equation as well as the heat equation) can be supported. The conceptual approach is described here; an empirical study about learning will be a next step.