bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filtering of pulsed lidar data using spatial information and a clustering algorithm
Authors: Alcayaga Leonardo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Wind lidars present advantages over meteorological masts, including simultaneous multipoint observations, flexibility in measuring geometry, and
reduced installation cost. But wind lidars come with the “`cost” of increased complexity in terms of data quality and analysis. Carrier-to-noise
ratio (CNR) has been the metric most commonly used to recover reliable observations from lidar measurements but with severely reduced data
recovery. In this work we apply a clustering technique to identify unreliable measurements from pulsed lidars scanning a horizontal plane, taking
advantage of all data available from the lidars – not only CNR but also line-of-sight wind speed (VLOS), spatial position, and
VLOS smoothness. The performance of this data filtering technique is evaluated in terms of data recovery and data quality against both
a median-like filter and a pure CNR-threshold filter. The results show that the clustering filter is capable of recovering more reliable data in
noisy regions of the scans, increasing the data recovery up to 38 % and reducing by at least two-thirds the acceptance of unreliable
measurements relative to the commonly used CNR threshold. Along with this, the need for user intervention in the setup of data filtering is reduced
considerably, which is a step towards a more automated and robust filter.
New strategies for vertical transport in chemistry transport models: application to the case of the Mount Etna eruption on 18 March 2012 with CHIMERE v2017r4
Authors: Lachatre Mathieu , Mailler Sylvain , Menut Laurent , Turquety Solène , Sellitto Pasquale , Guermazi Henda , Salerno Giuseppe , Caltabiano Tommaso , Carboni Elisa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Excessive numerical diffusion is one of the major limitations in the representation of long-range transport by chemistry transport models. In the present study, we focus on excessive diffusion in the vertical direction, which has been shown to be a major issue, and we explore three possible ways of addressing this problem: increasing the vertical resolution, using an advection scheme with anti-diffusive properties and more accurately representing the vertical wind. This study was carried out using the CHIMERE chemistry transport model for the 18 March 2012 eruption of Mount Etna, which released about 3 kt of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere in a plume that was observed by satellite instruments (the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer instrument, IASI, and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, OMI) for several days. The change from the classical Van Leer (1977) scheme to the Després and Lagoutière (1999) anti-diffusive scheme in the vertical direction was shown to provide the largest improvement to model outputs in terms of preserving the thin plume emitted by the volcano. To a lesser extent, the improved representation of the vertical wind field was also shown to reduce plume dispersion. Both of these changes helped to reduce vertical diffusion in the model as much as a brute-force approach (increasing vertical resolution).
Who Has the Right-of-Way?: Negotiating Environmental and Economic Impacts of Off-Highway Vehicle Use in Eastern Kentucky
Authors: Sharp Ryan , Bradley Michael J. , Maples James 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOutdoor recreation entails a careful balance between environmental impact and economic impact, particularly in rural Appalachian transitional economies. Outdoor recreation annually brings millions of dollars into rural areas in Central Appalachia by utilizing the natural features of the region for recreation. However, uneven development has fomented long-standing environmental injustices as extraction industries utilize unparalleled control over the natural environment and its use. In this article, the researchers examine Kentucky off-highway vehicle (OHV) use patterns as they pertain to the environment alongside their generalized household economic expenditures per trip. Off-highway vehicle users represent a legitimate claim to public land use, and thus findings of this article reinforce the need for caution in balancing the economic impacts and environmental costs of outdoor recreation, including OHV use.
The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Crisis Management in the Cellular Communications Sector in Jordan
Authors: ALHumeisat Ethar Khalaf Ibrahim , ALBashabsheh Samer Abdulmajid Hazeem 
Published: November 2020

The current study aimed to identify the impact of transformational leadership on crisis management in the Cellular Communications sector in Jordan. This study relies on the descriptive and analytical approach for this study.
The study population includes administrators working in Zain, Orange, and Umniah companies. A Convenience non-probability sample of 100 managers was taken to distribute the study questionnaire to them.
Moreover, the study reached the following results: There is a statistically significant impact at (&alpha; &le; 0.05) for transformational leadership with its dimensions (ideal effect, inspirational stimulation, intellectual stimulation, individual considerations) on crisis management in Jordan cellular communications sector.
In light of the previous results, the researcher recommends the following: The necessity for the administration to use the information network security system to retrieve information before the crisis occurs. Senior management&#39;s necessity to benefit from its previous experiences to generate knowledge benefits the organization&#39;s employees&mdash;the need to create an organizational culture that promotes the useful application of transformational leadership.
Kleine teksten, grootse verwachtingen
Authors: Oosterling Morris , Camps Theo 
Published: November 2020

Small texts, big expectations. The increase in demands on administrators in non-profit organizations
Changes in views on the management of non-profit organizations have implications for the role expected of administrators. This also has an important influence on the requirements placed on these administrators. In the Dutch context, it has not previously been investigated whether and how the requirements for administrators change, and to what extent this occurs in conjunction with changes in the views on the management of non-profit organizations. This is central to this study. By means of a content analysis, in which 363 recruitment texts from the period 1980-2010 were analyzed, the authors show that more and more divergent demands are made on administrators in non-profit organizations. With our study we also show that this accumulation is closely related to views on management. Regulators are advised to focus on optimizing requirements, rather than maximizing them. This allows for more targeted and more adequate recruitment. The study also shows that accountability has not previously been a specific requirement in recruitment texts, whereas this is desirable in the light of previous incidents. Our recommendation to supervisors is to pay more specific attention to this when drawing up job profiles. The relevance for practitioners is (a) that the study provides insight into the relationship between views on the management of non-profit organizations and the demands placed on directors by supervisors; (b) this also clarifies that there are or may be blind spots, as becomes clear with regard to accountability requirements; and finally (c) our study provides food for thought about the role of recruitment texts in the selection process, and whether the requirements set are really relevant to the organization.
De corona-uitbraak en het institutionele filter: naar een verklaring van West-Europese variaties in beleid
Authors: Hendriks Frank 
Published: November 2020

The corona outbreak and the institutional filter: towards an explanation of Western European variations in policy
While authorities sometimes make it appear that the coronavirus outbreak in the first half of 2020 did not allow for policies other than those in place, we saw remarkable variations in policy approaches in Western Europe. Governments almost everywhere pushed for ‘social distancing’, but differences in wording and communication, and implementation and enforcement emerged that could not be entirely explained by differences in the manifestation of the coronavirus. In order to understand and explain such differences, this article points out the institutional filter that exists between the corona threat and policy action. The interaction between two central components of the institutional filter – national culture and state tradition – is elaborated in this article for six Western European countries in particular: the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom, on the one hand, and Belgium, France and Italy, on the one hand. Policy action in these countries is largely consistent with what could be expected given the combinations of national culture and state tradition in these countries. The institutional filter forms a comprehensive framework with which more specific explanations from social trust or manifest public leadership can be placed.
De vroege geschiedenis van de (lokale) bestuurswetenschappen: Adriaan Koelma als opvolger van Gerrit van Poelje
Authors: Reussing Rik 
Published: November 2020

The early history of Dutch (local) administrative sciences: Adriaan Koelma as successor of Gerrit van Poelje
Adriaan Koelma fits in with the list of legal scholars who helped to shape the early history of the (local) administrative sciences in the Netherlands, which was dominated by a legal approach to local administration. In that respect, he was not only a follower of the first Dutch public administration scholar, Gerrit van Poelje, but also his successor. He held the chair in Public Administration in Rotterdam, which Van Poelje vacated in 1933, first as a lecturer and later as a professor (from 1946 onwards). Nowadays, Koelma is mainly remembered for the state commission named after him: he (in vain) advocated the introduction of districts (next to municipalities). He was chairman of this state commission that was installed by Minister Beel on 19 December 1946. He fulfilled his scientific activities in addition to a career in the Dutch civil service. Koelma was a typical ‘self-made man’ who worked his way up from junior employee at the municipal clerk’s office of Dordrecht to municipal clerk and, if only briefly, mayor of Alkmaar. His experiences in the Second World War had a great influence on his later life. Due to a war-related illness, he had to give up the chairmanship of the Koelma Commission in 1947 and in 1948 his professorship and role as mayor of Alkmaar. This war also gave him insight into the pernicious influence of Nazi ideology on governance theory and governance practice. He could not have suspected how hard the German occupier would put the Dutch administration and its servants to the test during his public lesson of 1934, because at that time the Nazi regime in Germany had not yet shown its true nature at the local level of government.
First records and a new genus of comb-tailed spiders (Araneae: Hahniidae) from Thailand with comments on the six-eyed species of this family
Authors: Rivera-Quiroz Francisco Andrés , Petcharad Booppa , Miller Jeremy A. 
Published: November 2020

The family Hahniidae is reported from Thailand for the first time. The genus Hexamatia gen. nov. and two new species, Hexamatia seekhaow gen. et sp. nov. and Hahnia ngai sp. nov., are described and illustrated. DNA sequences are provided for all the species reported here. The phylogenetic position of the novel genus Hexamatia gen. nov. and its relation to Hahnia are discussed. Based on these results, a new combination is proposed for Hexamatia senaria (Zhang, Li &#38; Zheng, 2011) gen. et comb. nov. = Hahnia senaria. Known distribution of the species Hahnia saccata Zhang, Li &#38; Zheng, 2011, originally described from China, is expanded. A brief review and notes on the taxonomy of the six-eyed hahniids are included.
Loss of HOXB3 correlates with the development of hormone receptor negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhu Lizhe , Yu Shibo , Jiang Siyuan , Ge Guanqun , Yan Yu , Zhou Yuhui , Niu Ligang , He Jianjun , Ren Yu , Wang Bin 
Published: November 2020

Background
The homeobox gene family, encoding a specific nuclear protein, is essential for embryonic development, differentiation, and homeostasis. The role of the HOXB3 protein varies in different tumors. This study aims to explore the role of the HOXB3 gene in breast cancer.

Method
Differentially expressed genes were screened by analyzing metastatic breast cancer gene chip data from TCGA and GEO databases. The function of the selected HOXB3 gene was also analyzed in different databases and through molecular biology methods, such as qRT-PCR, western blot and IF to verify bioinformatics findings.

Results
Both bioinformatics analyses and western blot showed that HOXB3 was lost in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue. Survival analysis also showed that lower expression of HOXB3 was associated with poor prognosis. Bioinformatics analyses further showed that HOXB3 was positively correlated with hormone receptors. Metascape for GO analysis of GEO data provided possible mechanisms that HOXB3 could positively regulate cell adhesion, inhibit cell proliferation and activate immune response in breast cancer; moreover, GSEA included several cancer-associated pathways.

Conclusion
In summary, HOXB3 expression was decreased in breast cancer, and it was associated with poor prognosis. It might become a new biomarker to predict prognosis of breast cancer.
The Human Face of ABCC6
Authors: Terry Sharon F. 
Published: November 2020

Researchers working on basic and translational clinical science related to ABC transporters are enthusiastic and dedicated investigators. As the field has grown, so has its contribution to human disease. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) International, an advocacy organization established by non‐scientists, began supporting research and convenings on these transporters, specifically ABCC6, the gene associated with PXE, 20 years ago. As a patient advocacy organization, we have spent more than 25 years creating a large research consortium, initiating, funding and conducting research. Years of basic modelling and vigorous hypothesis testing have resulted in some important advances leading to clinical trials. The synergy of basic scientists, lay advocates, clinicians and translational scientists has dramatically accelerated research on PXE and progress towards better and more effective treatments for PXE patients.
Characterization of radiotherapy component impact on MR imaging quality for an MRgRT system
Authors: Lewis Benjamin C. , Gu Bruce , Klett Ryan , Lotey Rajiv , Green Olga L. , Kim Taeho 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRadiotherapy components of an magnetic resonnace‐guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) system can alter the magnetic fields, causing spatial distortion and image deformation, altering imaging and radiation isocenter coincidence and the accuracy of dose calculations. This work presents a characterization of radiotherapy component impact on MR imaging quality in terms of imaging isocenter variation and spatial integrity changes on a 0.35T MRgRT system, pre‐ and postupgrade of the system. The impact of gantry position, MLC field size, and treatment table power state on imaging isocenter and spatial integrity were investigated. A spatial integrity phantom was used for all tests. Images were acquired for gantry angles 0–330° at 30° increments to assess the impact of gantry position. For MLC and table power state tests all images were acquired at the home gantry position (330°). MLC field sizes ranged from 1.66 to 27.4 cm edge length square fields. Imaging isocenter shift caused by gantry position was reduced from 1.7 mm at gantry 150° preupgrade to 0.9 mm at gantry 120° postupgrade. Maximum spatial integrity errors were 0.5 mm or less pre‐ and postupgrade for all gantry angles, MLC field sizes, and treatment table power states. However, when the treatment table was powered on, there was significant reduction in SNR. This study showed that gantry position can impact imaging isocenter, but spatial integrity errors were not dependent on gantry position, MLC field size, or treatment table power state. Significant isocenter variation, while reduced postupgrade, is cause for further investigation.
Biosensor vital sign detects multiple sclerosis progression
Authors: Krysko Kristen M. , Akhbardeh Alireza , Arjona Jennifer , Nourbakhsh Bardia , Waubant Emmanuelle , Antoine Gourraud Pierre , Graves Jennifer S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether a small, wearable multisensor device can discriminate between progressive versus relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) and capture limb progression over a short interval, using finger and foot tap data.MethodsPatients with MS were followed prospectively during routine clinic visits approximately every 6 months. At each visit, participants performed finger and foot taps wearing the MYO‐band, which includes accelerometer, gyroscope, and surface electromyogram sensors. Metrics of within‐patient limb progression were created by combining the change in signal waveform features over time. The resulting upper (UE) and lower (LE) extremity metrics’ discrimination of progressive versus relapsing MS were evaluated with calculation of AUROC. Comparisons with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were made with Pearson correlation.ResultsParticipants included 53 relapsing and 15 progressive MS (72% female, baseline mean age 48 years, median disease duration 11 years, median EDSS 2.5, median 10 months follow‐up). The final summary metrics differentiated relapsing from secondary progressive MS with AUROC UE 0.93 and LE 0.96. The metrics were associated with baseline EDSS (UE P = 0.0003, LE P = 0.0007). While most had no change in EDSS during the short follow‐up, several had evidence of progression by the multisensor metrics.InterpretationWithin a short follow‐up interval, this novel multisensor algorithm distinguished progressive from relapsing MS and captured changes in limb function. Inexpensive, noninvasive and easy to use, this novel outcome is readily adaptable to clinical practice and trials as a MS vital sign. This approach also holds promise to monitor limb dysfunction in other neurological diseases.
Trends in Hospitalization Rates, Major Causes of Hospitalization, and In‐Hospital Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis in the United States From 2000 to 2014
Authors: Iyer Priyanka , Gao Yubo , Field Elizabeth H. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Lynch Charles F. , Vaughan‐Sarrazin Mary , Singh Namrata 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate national trends in hospitalizations and in‐hospital mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsNational Inpatient Sample from 2000‐2014 and United States Census data were used to study temporal trends in adult RA hospitalizations, reasons for hospitalizations, and in‐hospital mortality.ResultsThe data represented 183 983 hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of RA. The annual rates of hospitalization for the primary diagnosis of RA decreased from 76.54 admissions per 1 million in 2000 to 29.96 per 1 million in 2014 (P trend < 0.0001). The hospital mortality rate declined from 0.70% to 0.41% (P trend < 0.0001) in this group. With a primary or nonprimary diagnosis of RA, the mortality rate ranged between 1.95 and 2.87 (P trend 0.08). For a nonprimary diagnosis of RA, we noted that the proportion of hospitalizations with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (6.4% in 2000 to 4.6% in 2014; P < 0.001) significantly decreased, but the absolute number of hospitalizations significantly increased. In contrast, the proportion and the absolute number of hospitalizations with any diagnosis of sepsis, congestive heart failure, lung disease, and urinary tract infection increased significantly. We also noted a significant increase in the actual rate and proportions for hospitalizations for hip and knee arthroplasty. Among in‐hospital deaths when RA was a nonprimary diagnosis, the most common primary diagnosis was pneumonia (12.5 %) in 2000, whereas sepsis accounted for the most deaths in 2014 (31.4%).ConclusionWe observed that hospitalization rates and in‐hospital mortality rates in patients with RA have changed significantly over the past 15 years.
Gate‐Controlled Polarity‐Reversible Photodiodes with Ambipolar 2D Semiconductors
Authors: Du Junli , Liao Qingliang , Liu Baishan , Zhang Xiankun , Yu Huihui , Ou Yang , Xiao Jiankun , Kang Zhuo , Si Haonan , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Yue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA photosensor with an amplitude‐tunable and polarity‐reversible response under gate modulation has potential as a computational photosensor, which can provide more recognition degree of data to enhance signal processing efficiency. Although, the ambipolar 2D semiconductors possess unique gate‐tunable properties, the question of how to utilize this property to design polarity‐reversible photodiodes for intelligent applications remains unanswered. Here, gate‐controllable polarity‐reversible photodiodes based on ambipolar 2D semiconductors with an asymmetrically metal‐contacted architecture are proposed. By controlling the gate‐field, the local carrier type and density profile can be manipulated in the channel due to the partial shielding feature of the asymmetrically metal‐contacted architecture, resulting in a polarity‐reversible photodiode. The reported WSe2‐based photodiode possesses excellent rectifying behavior with a rectification ratio over 105, photovoltaic performance with 90% external quantum efficiency, and 2.3% power conversion efficiency under gate regulation. Meanwhile, the device exhibits reversible polarity of photovoltage from a negative to positive state under gate control. By utilizing the reversible photovoltage of the WSe2 photodiode, an optoelectronic switch with a photovoltage polarity signal is demonstrated without a bias voltage. This photovoltage‐reversible homodiode paves the way to develop 2D devices with multiple operation modes for potential applications in high‐efficiency photovoltaics, intelligent vision sensors, and logic optoelectronics.
Modified Absorption and Emission Properties Leading to Intriguing Applications in Plasmonic–Excitonic Nanostructures
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Nisika Nisika , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHybrid nanostructures composed of metal and semiconducting nanocrystals have drawn tremendous attention owing to their extraordinary absorption and emission properties. The energy transfer in metal–semiconductor hybrids as a result of synergetic plasmon–exciton interactions leads to numerous applications in the field of solar energy harvesting, photocatalytic reactions, imaging, photonics, sensing, and many more. Various breakthroughs in advanced characterization techniques over the past decade have disclosed several factors affecting the energy transfer processes leading to modified absorption and emission properties in metal–semiconductor hybrids. Herein, various theoretical and experimental methodologies are summarized, covering numerous advancements in metal–semiconductor nanostructures with greater emphasis on identifying parameters such as nanostructure size, shape, surface, distance between nanocrystals, and many more, which influence the optical properties of these hybrid nanocrystals. In addition, the impact of these parameters on the performance of various applications is also illuminated. Several challenges and future opportunities in the field are discussed, that will not only increase the performance and practicality of current applications, but also pave the way for future applications.