bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bipolar ablation with contact force‐sensing of swine ventricles shows improved acute lesion features compared to sequential unipolar ablation
Authors: Soucek Filip , Caluori Guido , Lehar Frantisek , Jez Jiri , Pesl Martin , Wolf Jiri , Wojtaszczyk Adam , Belaskova Silvie , Starek Zdenek 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionDespite technical progress, ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrence after unipolar ablation remains relatively high (12%‐47%). Bipolar ablation has been proposed as an appealing solution that may overcome limitations associated with unipolar ablation settings. We designed an animal study to compare bipolar (BPA) vs sequential unipolar ablation (UPA) using contact force‐sensing technology on both ablation catheters.MethodsTwenty large white female pigs (6‐months‐old, 50–60 kg) underwent multiple RF ablations (30 W, 60 seconds, 30 mL/min irrigation) on the ventricular myocardium from the epicardial and endocardial sides. The hearts were fixed and scanned with high‐resolution cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Thermal lesions were located and characterized in volume, depth, width, and transmurality.ResultsLesion volume was calculated as the sum of epicardial or endocardial conjoined/isolated lesions at one location. Linear dimensions (width and depth) were measured twice for each location, on the endocardial and epicardial side. We evaluated 35 lesions across the intraventricular septum (UPA, N = 17 vs BPA, N = 18). No difference in volume, linear dimensions or impedance drop was observed in this area between UPA and BPA. However, BPA required half RF time and showed an increased transmurality trend. We then analyzed 73 lesions from the endocardial side (UPA, N = 35 vs BPA, N = 38) and 50 from the epicardial side (UPA, N = 11 vs BPA N = 39) of the ventricular free walls. Lesion transmurality was markedly improved by BPA (P = .030, odds ratio, 23.73 [4.71,31.96]). Ventricular BPA lesions were significantly deeper on the epicardial side (P < .0001) and endocardial side (P = .015).ConclusionBipolar ablation is more likely to create transmural and epicardial lesions in the ventricle wall. Half the time is needed for the creation of comparably deep and large lesions.
Following the Money: Exploring Business Financial Contributions to the European Union's Political Parties*
Authors: Katsaitis Alexander 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDo business groups donate to the European Union's (EU) political parties? Does the party's ideology influence the donations it receives? Since 2008, the EU's political parties can receive financial contributions from private actors. This paper systematically maps and analyses the entire population of donations given to EU political parties from 2008 to 2015. The results show that business interests follow a selective strategy targeting with their donations right‐wing parties; with Eurosceptic parties performing better than pro‐integration parties. Conceptually, this study provides a hard resource for conceptualizing EU lobbying beyond information‐access models, and potentially opens a path for comparatives with the US literature. Furthermore, it reveals that some parties have moved away from the public utility paradigm, raising question over donations impact on EU politics and policy‐making. Empirically, it provides a unique image of interest group donations to EU parties over time.
Content, diagnostic, correlational, and genetic similarities between common measures of childhood aggressive behaviors and related psychiatric traits
Authors: Hendriks Anne M. , Ip Hill F. , Nivard Michel G. , Finkenauer Catrin , Van Beijsterveldt Catharina E.M. , Bartels Meike , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundGiven the role of childhood aggressive behavior (AGG) in everyday child development, precise and accurate measurement is critical in clinical practice and research. This study aims to quantify agreement among widely used measures of childhood AGG regarding item content, clinical concordance, correlation, and underlying genetic construct.MethodsWe analyzed data from 1254 Dutch twin pairs (age 8–10 years, 51.1% boys) from a general population sample for whom both parents completed the A‐TAC, CBCL, and SDQ at the same occasion.ResultsThere was substantial variation in item content among AGG measures, ranging from .00 (i.e., mutually exclusive) to .50 (moderate agreement). Clinical concordance (i.e., do the same children score above a clinical threshold among AGG measures) was very weak to moderate with estimates ranging between .01 and .43 for mother‐reports and between .12 and .42 for father‐reports. Correlations among scales were weak to strong, ranging from .32 to .70 for mother‐reports and from .32 to .64 for father‐reports. We found weak to very strong genetic correlations among the measures, with estimates between .65 and .84 for mother‐reports and between .30 and .87 for father‐reports.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that degree of agreement between measures of AGG depends on the type (i.e., item content, clinical concordance, correlation, genetic correlation) of agreement considered. Because agreement was higher for correlations compared to clinical concordance (i.e., above or below a clinical cutoff), we propose the use of continuous scores to assess AGG, especially for combining data with different measures. Although item content can be different and agreement among observed measures may not be high, the genetic correlations indicate that the underlying genetic liability for childhood AGG is consistent across measures.
Assessing the quality of seven clinical practice guidelines from four professional regulatory bodies in Quebec: What's the verdict?
Authors: Ciquier Gabrielle , Azzi Michelle , Hébert Catherine , Watkins‐Martin Kia , Drapeau Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have become a common feature in the health and social care fields, as they promote evidence‐based practice and aim to improve quality of care and patient outcome. However, the benefits of the recommendations reported in CPGs are only as good as the quality of the CPGs themselves. Indeed, rigorous development and strategies for reporting are significant precursors to successful implementation of the recommendations that are proposed. Unfortunately, research has demonstrated that there is much variability in their level of quality. Furthermore, the quality of many CPGs has yet to be examined. The aim of the present study was to assess the quality of seven CPGs from four Quebec professional regulatory bodies pertaining to clinical evaluations in the fields of medicine, psychoeducation, psychotherapy, and social work.MethodsThe seven Quebec CPGs were assessed by four trained appraisers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II guideline evaluation tool.ResultsResults suggest that while some quality criteria were met, most were not, denoting that these CPGs are of sub‐optimal quality.ConclusionOur findings highlight that there is still a lot to be done in order to improve the rigour and transparency with which scientific evidence is assessed and applied when developing CPGs. Impacts regarding the implementation of these CPGs are discussed in light of their use in clinical practice.
WHAT'S IN A NAME? A CAUTIONARY TALE OF PROFITABILITY ANOMALIES AND LIMITS TO ARBITRAGE
Authors: DeLisle R. Jared , Yüksel H. Zafer , Zaynutdinova Gulnara R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe recent literature investigating profitability anomalies defines profitability in various ways (i.e., gross, operating, and cash based). We show that limits to arbitrage are associated with returns of gross and cash‐based operating profitability anomalies, suggesting mispricing. In contrast, returns from the operating profitability strategy have no relation with barriers to arbitrage and exhibit no evidence of mispricing. Additionally, we show that the differential effects of limited arbitrage‐related mispricing of gross and cash‐based operating profitability anomalies are attributable to their respective correlations with selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expense and accruals anomalies. We find that SG&A return predictability, like that of accruals, is related to limits to arbitrage. These findings suggest that investors and researchers should proceed with caution when searching for return predictability by redefining profitability measures.
Effectiveness of vialon biomaterial versus teflon catheters for peripheral intravenous placement: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kuş Betül , Büyükyılmaz Funda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThis study was to determine the effects of the two types of catheter material (vialon biomaterial and teflon) on pain intensity, dwell time, and phlebitis score for peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) placement.MethodsParticipants (N = 208) were randomly assigned to the vialon biomaterial group (n = 104), the teflon group (n = 104). After the PIVC placement, the intensity of pain and phlebitis score were evaluated. Catheter dwell mean time was determined.ResultsThe pain intensity scores were similar immediately after inserting the PIVC. No difference was observed between the pain scores in both groups (p ≥ .050). Catheter dwell mean time for the vialon biomaterial catheter group (4.72 ± 1.20 days) was significantly longer compared to the teflon catheter group (4.10 ± 0.92 days) (p ≤ .001). It was determined that the catheter was removed due to phlebitis development in 16.3% of the vialon biomaterial catheter group and 53.8% of the teflon catheter group. An advanced level of statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of phlebitis development scores (p ≤ .001).ConclusionsThis study concluded that vialon biomaterial catheter (BD Insyte™ Autoguard™ BC winged) demonstrates longer dwell time of PIVC, lower phlebitis rate and phlebitis score than teflon catheter (BD Venflon™).
Improving parent oral health literacy in Head Start programs
Authors: Dudovitz Rebecca , Teutsch Carol , Holt Katrina , Herman Ariella 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesParental low oral health literacy is thought to contribute to child oral health disparities. Few large‐scale interventions can improve oral health literacy for diverse, high‐risk populations. We sought to determine whether an oral health literacy intervention aimed at parents of children attending Head Start programs improved oral health literacy and behaviors.MethodsStaff from 29 Head Start agencies across the country were trained to deliver a parent oral health literacy intervention. Parent surveys were conducted at baseline and approximately 6 months later, following intervention completion. Surveys measured parent and child demographics, oral health knowledge, behaviors, information sources, and health care utilization. Paired t tests and mixed‐effects regression models controlling for agency, child age, and race/ethnicity evaluated whether measures improved after the intervention. In addition, at follow‐up, agency staff were asked to complete an open‐ended survey reporting how the intervention impacted their site. Responses were coded using a grounded theory approach.ResultsA total of 2,011 (87%) parents completed both the baseline and follow‐up surveys. All oral health knowledge and behaviors improved significantly from baseline to follow‐up. In addition, parents reported using more oral health information sources, using more preventative oral health care, and less emergency room (ER) use for child dental problems. Head Start staff perceived that the intervention increased parental oral health literacy, enhanced parental oral health engagement, improved child oral health behaviors, and facilitated health communication with parents.ConclusionsFindings suggest that this intervention successfully improved oral health literacy for diverse parents of children at high risk for dental caries.
Effects of calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide and encapsulated sodium bicarbonate on measures of post‐ruminal fermentation
Authors: Neiderfer Kayla P. , Barnard Amanda M. , Moyer Kassandra Z. , Trench Alexis M. , Taylor Ashley E. , Cronin Shane K. , Gressley Tanya F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEvidence suggests that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) absorbed from the large intestine may contribute to the inflammatory response to high starch feeding in dairy cows. This work evaluated the impact of buffers or alkalinizing agents with expected large intestinal activity on faecal indicators of intestinal fermentation and LPS. Ten late‐lactation cows were used in a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design with 7‐day periods. Cows were fed a diet containing 265 g/kg dry matter of starch and were abomasally infused with 1 g/kg body weight cornstarch daily. Treatments were control (CON), ration supplementation with 200 g/day sodium bicarbonate (FSB), 200 g/day calcium carbonate (FCC) or 125 g/day calcium carbonate plus 75 g/day of magnesium oxide (FCCM), or abomasal infusion of a lipid encapsulate providing 200 g/day sodium bicarbonate (ISB). The FCC, FCCM and ISB treatments were hypothesized to have large intestinal buffering effects, and FSB was included as a secondary control. Milk, feed, rumen and faecal samples were collected on day 7 of each period. Treatment did not affect intake, milk yield or milk composition. There were no effects of treatment on ruminal measures except that ISB tended to reduce and the post‐ruminal treatments as a whole (FCC, FCCM and ISB) reduced rumen butyrate compared with CON. Faecal pH was greater for FCCM compared with all other treatments. Total faecal VFA tended to increase with FCC and FCCM compared with CON and was increased by the post‐ruminal treatments as a whole compared with CON. Treatment did not affect faecal dry matter, lactate or LPS or apparent total tract nutrient digestibility. Although some treatments altered fermentation as evidenced by the change in faecal VFA, this was not accompanied by a decrease in faecal LPS. The strategies employed in this study had limited effects on large intestinal fermentation.
‘We have different needs’: Specifying support for classroom and clinical sessional educators
Authors: Snook Abigail Grover , Schram Asta B. , Arnadottir Solveig A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractContextBoth classroom and clinical sessional educators are often overlooked in faculty development, even though they play an important role in student learning. Our aim was to contrast classroom and clinical sessional educators´ experiences of and perceived needs for connectedness, appreciation and support, in relation to their teaching quality. We then utilised these results to make suggestions for supporting these educators.MethodsThe participants (11 physical therapy sessional educators: four clinical; seven clinical, and classroom) took part in three focus groups. We based the interview guide questions on previous survey results, used a critical theory research paradigm and performed thematic analysis.ResultsWe identified four emerging differences between physical therapy sessional educators with experience in the classroom and clinic. Classroom sessional educators needed: (a) more connectedness; (b) more appreciation; (c) more access to the learning management system, and (d) both different and similar faculty development when compared to clinical sessional educators. Differences were greater in classroom sessional educators who taught more hours. We also saw similarities in the need for feedback on teaching, orientations and communication, a better salary and clinical workplace support their role of an educator. Suggestions for context‐dependent support for sessional educators were designed to address these similarities and differences.ConclusionsTalking to various types of sessional educators about their teaching needs is the first step in providing effective faculty development. Varying needs for connectedness, appreciation, pedagogy and access to the learning management system amongst physical therapy sessional educators highlighted the need for an investment in classroom educators who teach multiple hours and want to grow as health science educators. Differences between classroom and clinical sessional educators brought to the forefront the importance of individualised, contextual faculty development and administrative or departmental action that supports sessional educators. The resulting context‐dependent suggestions for improvement of support of sessional educators have the potential to improve the quality of health science teaching overall.
The student is key: A realist review of educational interventions to develop analytical and non‐analytical clinical reasoning ability
Authors: Richmond Anna , Cooper Nicola , Gay Simon , Atiomo William , Patel Rakesh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesClinical reasoning refers to the cognitive processes used by individuals as they formulate a diagnosis or treatment plan. Clinical reasoning is dependent on formal and experiential knowledge. Developing the ability to acquire and recall knowledge effectively for both analytical and non‐analytical cognitive processing has patient safety implications. This realist review examines the way educational interventions develop analytical and non‐analytical reasoning ability in undergraduate education. A realist review is theory‐driven, seeking not only to identify if an intervention works, but also understand the reasons why, for whom, and in what circumstances. The aim of this study is to develop understanding about the way educational interventions develop effective analytical and non‐analytical clinical reasoning ability, when they do, for whom and in what circumstances.MethodsLiterature from a scoping search, combined with expert opinion and researcher experience was synthesised to generate an initial programme theory (IPT). Four databases were searched and articles relevant to the developing theory were selected as appropriate. Factors affecting educational outcomes at the individual student, teacher and wider organisational levels were investigated in order to further refine the IPT.ResultsA total of 28 papers contributed to the overall programme theory. The review predominantly identified evidence of mechanisms for interventions at the individual student level. Key student level factors influencing the effectiveness of interventions included an individual's self‐confidence, self‐efficacy and pre‐existing level of knowledge. These contexts influenced a variety of educational interventions, impacting both positively and negatively on educational outcomes.ConclusionsDevelopment of analytical and non‐analytical clinical reasoning ability requires activities that enhance knowledge acquisition and recall alongside the accumulation of clinical experience and opportunities to practise reasoning in real or simulated clinical environments. However, factors such as pre‐existing knowledge and self‐confidence influence their effectiveness, especially amongst individuals with ‘low knowledge.’ Promoting non‐analytical reasoning once novices acquire more clinical knowledge is important for the development of clinical reasoning in undergraduate education.
Environmental enrichment prevents chronic stress‐induced brain‐gut axis dysfunction through a GR‐mediated mechanism in the central nucleus of the amygdala
Authors: Orock Albert , Louwies Tijs , Yuan Tian , Greenwood‐Van Meerveld Beverley 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) improves quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a disorder characterized by chronic visceral pain and abnormal bowel habits. Whether CBT can actually improve visceral pain in IBS patients is still unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether environment enrichment (EE), the animal analog of CBT, can prevent stress‐induced viscero‐somatic hypersensitivity through changes in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling within the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA).MethodsRats were housed in either standard housing (SH) or EE for 7 days before and during daily water avoidance stress (WAS) exposure (1‐h/d for 7 days). In the first cohort, visceral and somatic sensitivity were assessed via visceromotor response to colorectal distention and von Frey Anesthesiometer 24 hous and 21 days after WAS. In another cohort, the CeA was isolated for GR mRNA quantification.Key ResultsEnvironment enrichment for 7 days before and during the 7 days of WAS persistently attenuated visceral and somatic hypersensitivity when compared to rats placed in SH. Environment enrichment exposure also prevented the WAS‐induced decrease in GR expression in the CeA.Conclusion & InferencesPre‐exposure to short‐term EE prevents the stress‐induced downregulation of GR, and inhibits visceral and somatic hypersensitivity induced by chronic stress. These results suggest that a positive environment can ameliorate stress‐induced pathology and provide a non‐pharmacological therapeutic option for disorders such as IBS.
Site‐specific Bioconjugation and Convergent Click Chemistry Enhances Antibody–Chromophore Conjugate Binding Efficiency
Authors: Sadiki Amissi , Kercher Eric M. , Lu Haibin , Lang Ryan T. , Spring Bryan Q. , Zhou Zhaohui Sunny 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotosensitizer (PS)–antibody conjugates (photoimmunoconjugates, PICs) enable cancer cell‐targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT). Nonspecific chemical bioconjugation is widely used to synthesize PICs but gives rise to several shortcomings. The conjugates are heterogeneous, and the process is not easily reproducible. Moreover, modifications at or near the binding sites alter both binding affinity and specificity. To overcome these limitations, we introduce convergent assembly of PICs via a chemo‐enzymatic site‐specific approach. First, an antibody is conjugated to a clickable handle via site‐specific modification of glutamine (Gln) residues catalyzed by transglutaminase (TGase, EC 2.3.2.13). Second, the modified antibody intermediate is conjugated to a compatible chromophore via click chemistry. Utilizing cetuximab, we compared this site‐specific conjugation protocol to the nonspecific chemical acylation of amines using N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) chemistry. Both the heavy and light chains were modified via the chemical route, whereas, only a glutamine 295 in the heavy chain was modified via chemo‐enzymatic conjugation. Furthermore, a 2.3‐fold increase in the number of bound antibodies per cell was observed for the site‐specific compared with nonspecific method, suggesting that multiple stochastic sites of modification perturb the antibody–antigen binding. Altogether, site‐specific bioconjugation leads to homogenous, reproducible and well‐defined PICs, conferring higher binding efficiency and probability of clinical success.