bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian Endometrioid Carcinoma and Clear Cell Carcinoma: A 21-year Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Ling , Yao Liqing , Dai Lin , Zhu Honglan , Ye Xue , Wang Shang , Chen Hongyan , Ma Ruiqiong , Liu Huiping , Cui Heng , chang xiaohong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (EC) and clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and to assess the impact of concurrent endometriosis on this group.MethodsThe present study reviewed the medical records of patients who received initial treatment and a postoperative pathological diagnosis of EC or CCC at our center in China between 1998 and 2018. ResultsOf 211 patients, 73 had pure EC, and 91 had pure CCC, and the remaining 47 had mixed cancer. The proportion of EC and CCC remained stable over past 21 years. The proportion of EC declined with aging and the age of EC onset to incline to the young. And the age of CCC onset had two peaks, namely, 36 and 77 years. After review by the pathologist, the number of endometriosis cases found in the pathological section of the analysis increased to 114, accounting for 54% of patients. As the stage progressed, the appearance of endometriosis became increasingly scarce in pathological sections(p=0.001). Compared with CCC, EC had a higher frequency of concurrent endometrial cancer (independent endometrial lesions) and estrogen and progesterone receptor expression(p=0.000). And more patients were in premenopausal state in EC group(p=0.040). In the pure group, multivariate analysis showed that correlation existed between relevance to endometriosis and worse outcomes(p=0.041). In patients with mixed cancer, mixed endometrioid histology was associated with better survival than other subtypes, even with stage III or poorly differentiated tumors(p=0.001). ConclusionsCCC and EC which are common in ovarian cancer patients who have associated with endometriosis have distinct clinicopathological characteristics. Attention should be paid to ovarian cancer patients with a history of endometriosis and those with concurrent endometriosis in pathological sections.
LncRNA GAS5&nbsp;Suppresses Ovarian Cancer Progression by Targeting miR-96-5p/PTEN&nbsp;Axis
Authors: Dong Qian , Long Xiaoran , Cheng Jie , Yin Xia , Wang Wenjing , Tian Qi , Di Wen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play critical roles in tumor occurrence and progression, including ovarian cancer (OC). The lncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been proved to be an important modulator in the growth and metastasis of OC cells. Our studies confirm that GAS5 is down-regulated in OC; however, the potential molecular mechanism underlying it remains to be elucidated. Results In our study, we demonstrated that the expression levels of GAS5 and PTEN decreased, while miR-96-5p was up-regulated in ovarian cancer samples and cell lines compared with controls. PTEN is the downstream target gene of miR-96-5p. The up-regulation of GAS5 inhibited the expression of miR-96-5p, which directly targets PTEN. GAS5 overexpression can significantly reduce OC cell proliferation and invasion ability via suppression of miR-96-5p expression. PTEN/AKT/mTOR expression had a positive correlation with GAS5 expression. Moreover, miR-96-5p promoted OC progression by mediating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Our study identified GAS5 as a ceRNA which regulates the PTEN/AKT/mTOR axis through sponging miR-96-5p in OC.
Site-Specific Resolution of Enthesitis in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis Treated With Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors
Authors: Nissen Michael John , Möller Burkhard , Ciurea Adrain , Mueller Ruediger , Zueger Patrick , Schulz Martin , Ganz Fabiana , Scherer Almut , Papagiannoulis Eleftherios , Hügle Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Enthesitis is a hallmark of spondyloarthritis (SpA) with substantial impact on quality of life. Reports of treatment effectiveness across individual enthesitis sites in real-world patients with axial SpA (axSpA) are limited. We investigated the evolution of enthesitis following tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) initiation in axSpA patients, cumulatively and at specific axial and peripheral sites.Methods: AxSpA patients in the Swiss Clinical Quality Management Registry were included if they initiated a TNFi, had an available Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score, modified to include the plantar fascia (mMASES, 0–15), at start of treatment and after 6 and/or 12 months and ≥12 months follow-up. Logistic regression models were utilized to analyze explanatory variables for enthesitis resolution. Results: Overall, 1668 TNFi treatment courses (TCs) were included, of which 1117 (67%) had active enthesitis at baseline. Reduction in mMASES at the 6- and 12-month time points was experienced in 72% and 70% of TCs, respectively. Enthesitis resolution at 6/12 months occurred in 37.9% and 43.0% of all TNFi TCs and 40.7% and 50.9% of first TNFi TCs. At 6 months, a significant reduction in the frequency of enthesitis was observed at all sites, except for the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia among first TNFi TCs while at 12 months, reduction was significant at all sites in both TC groups. Enthesitis resolved in 60.3%–77% across anatomical sites, while new incident enthesitis occurred in 4.0%–13.5% of all TNFi TCs at 12 months. Both baseline and new-incident enthesitis occurred most frequently at the posterior superior iliac spine and the fifth lumbar spinous process. Younger age and lower mMASES at baseline were predictors of complete enthesitis resolution, while female sex and second- or later-line TNFi treatment were associated with persistence of enthesitis at 12 months. Conclusion: In real-world axSpA patients treated with a TNFi, enthesitis improved in the majority of patients across all anatomical sites. Significant improvement at the Achilles and plantar fascia entheses was observed only at 12 months. Complete and site-specific enthesitis resolution occurred in ≥40% and ≥60% of TCs evaluated at 12 months, with a low incidence of new site-specific enthesitis.Trial registration: not applicable
Preparation and Properties of C/SiC Composites Reinforced by High Thermal Conductivity Graphite Films
Authors: Zhao Jiajia , Cai Rong , Ma zhaokun , Zhang Kaixuan , Liang Hengliang , Qiu Haipeng , Liu Shanhua , xie weijie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ablation resistance as one important factor affecting the service life of SiC ceramic matrix composites that is highly valued in aerospace science and technology. In this study, high thermal conductivity (HTC) graphite films and carbon fibers reinforced C/SiC composites simultaneously, fabricating by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) technology, to improve the ablation resistance of C/SiC composites. Three C/SiC composites were prepared from different quantity ratios of 2D fiber cloth to HTC graphite film with values of 1:0, 1:1, and 1:10. The microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and ablation performance of C/SiC composites after plasma ablation test at 1500 °C for 600 s were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of graphite films’ contents, the thermal conductivity of composites was increased from 9.78 W/(m·K) to 333.34 W/(m·K). Additionally, the mass loss rate reduced from 1.18 to 0.74 mg/s and the linear ablation rate reduced from 0.64 to 0.18 mm/s, indicating that the addition of graphite films could effectively improve the ablation resistance of C/SiC composites.
Trends in Apolipoprotein B, Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Hemoglobin A1C Among US Adults with Diagnosed Diabetes, 2005-2018
Authors: Wang X , Zhu Di , Du Yang , Sun Yangbo , Snetselaar Linda 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The control of blood glucose and athero­genic cholesterol particle concentrations is fundamental for patients with diabetes. The objective of this study was to examine trends in levels of apolipoprotein B (apo B), non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and hemoglobin A1c (A1C) and changes in the proportion of patients who achieved their glycemic and lipid goals between 2005 and 2018.Methods: We conducted a serial cross-sectional analysis of the US nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys form 2005 through 2018. Results: In total, 5536 adults aged 20 years or older with diabetes were included (weighted mean age, 60.2 years; female, 50.1%). Among all adults with diabetes, the age-adjusted mean apo B levels did not decrease significantly from 2005 to 2016 (P =0.077). The age-adjusted mean non-HDL cholesterol levels reduced significantly (P =0.004) from 2005 to 2018. In 2017-2018, 55.3% of patients achieved the A1C goal of <7% and 43.8% achieved the non-HDL cholesterol goal of <130 mg/dl. In 2015-2016, 47.3% achieved the apo B goal of <90 mg/dL, 57.2% achieved the LDL cholesterol goal of <100 mg/dl, while 30.6% achieved all four glycemic and lipid goals. The success rates for achieving the goals of apo B, non-HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were higher in older compared with younger subjects, while white patients exhibited better glycemic control than Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic black patients.Conclusion: Among adults with diabetes, there was a significant reduction in non-HDL cholesterol level while there was no change in levels of apo B, LDL cholesterol or A1C over the past decade. Nevertheless, large percentages of adults with diabetes continue to have higher levels of apo B, non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and A1C.
Exosomes Derived from Cyclic Mechanical Stretch-exposed Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit RANKL-induced Osteoclastogenesis through the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xiao Fei , Zuo Bin , Wang Chuandong , Li Yang , Peng Jianping , Shen Chao , Cui Yiming , Junfeng Zhu , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Skeletal unloading usually induces severe disuse osteoporosis (DOP), which often occurs in patients subjected to prolonged immobility or in spaceflight astronauts. Increasing evidence suggests that exosomes are important mediators in maintaining the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. We hypothesized that exosomes play a pivotal role in the maintenance of bone homeostasis through intercellular communication between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and osteoclasts under mechanical loading.Methods: Cells were divided into cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS)-treated BMSCs and normal static-cultured BMSCs, and exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifugation. After incubation with CMS-treated BMSC-derived exosomes (CMS_Exos) or static-cultured BMSC-derived exosomes (static_Exos), the apoptosis rates of bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were determined by flow cytometry, and cell viability was detected with a CCK-8 assay. Osteoclast differentiation was determined with an in vitro osteoclastogenesis assay. Signaling pathway activation was evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Hindlimb unloading (HU)-induced DOP mouse models were prepared to evaluate the function of exosomes in DOP.Results: Both CMS_Exos and static_Exos could be internalized by BMMs, and CMS_Exos did not affect BMM viability or increase apoptosis. CMS_Exos effectively suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation and F-actin ring formation. Further molecular investigation demonstrated that CMS_Exos impaired osteoclast differentiation via inhibition of the RANKL-induced NF-κB signaling pathway. Both CMS_Exos and static_Exos partly rescued the osteoporosis caused by mechanical unloading; however, the CMS_Exo group showed more obvious rescue. CMS_Exo treatment significantly decreased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts.Conclusions: Exosomes derived from CMS-treated BMSCs strongly inhibited osteoclast differentiation by attenuating the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and rescued osteoporosis caused by mechanical unloading in an HU mouse model in vivo.
A Study on Efficacy of Helical Tomotherapy Combined With Concurrent Chemotherapy ± EGFR Inhibitor After Induction Chemotherapy In Patients Affected By Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (LANC) With Carotid Artery Invasion And Risk Analysis of Massive Bleeding After Radiotherapy
Authors: LIU KUN , Wei Jian , Wang qing sen , Wang Yang , Luo yan rong , Ma Lin , Yang shi ming , Zhang xin xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose:Locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANC) often invades the parapharyngeal space and internal carotid artery. Patients with LANC and carotid artery invasion have a poor prognosis, which often result from massive neck hemorrhage after radiotherapy. We examined risk factors potentially influencing the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy in LANC patients with carotid artery invasion and the risk of massive neck hemorrhage.Methods:This retrospective study included 130 LANC patients with carotid artery invasion admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and September 2019. All patients were treated with induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy ± epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor. Effects of clinical factors and treatment regimens on prognosis were evaluated.Outcomes:The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), local nodal recurrence-free survival (LNRFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), nodal recurrence-free survival (NRFS) and overall survival (OS) of the 130 patients were 75.2%, 76.8%, 90.0%, 93.9%, 95.8%, 87.2%, respectively. The incidence of fatal bleeding after radiotherapy was 2.3% (3/130). For these 3 cases, the degree of carotid artery invasion was ≥270º, the primary site was the pharyngeal recess and the patients suffered nasopharyngeal necrosis after radiotherapy.Univariate analysis showed that clinical stage was negatively correlated with DMFS and PFS (P<0.05). The induction chemotherapy TP regimen, platinum-based concurrent chemotherapy and EGFR inhibitors (Nituzumab/Cetuximab) significantly improved PFS and DMFS (P<0.05). Patients with hemoglobin levels >110 g/L had a higher PFS, DMFS and OS than patients with hemoglobin levels ≤110 g/L (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the EGFR inhibitor was an independent risk factor for PFS and DMFS, while the lowest hemoglobin level was an independent risk factor for OS.Conclusion:In LANC patients whose carotid artery invasion was <270º, helical tomotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy and EGFR inhibitor after induction chemotherapy had mild and tolerable side effects, better PFS and DMFS, and did not cause massive hemorrhage. In patients whose primary tumor was pharyngeal recess with carotid artery invasion ≥270º, diabetes or re-radiotherapy led to a higher risk of massive hemorrhage after radiotherapy.
Association of Age With Tumor Grade in Patients With Digestive Tumors: A Study Based on US SEER&nbsp;Registry
Authors: Zhang Yange , Li Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have not demonstrated an independent association of age and tumor grade. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between age and tumor grade (differentiation) in patients with digestive tumors.Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 18 registry database for 1973 through 2015 was retrieved for the present study. Both piecewise and non-piecewise linear regression model were utilized to examine the relationship between age and tumor grade. Results: The present study included a total of 938,145 patients with 13 types of primary malignancies of the digestive system. In non-piecewise regression analyses, older age was associated with higher tumor grades in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.0001) and anal squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.0001). In contrast, older age was related to lower tumor grades in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (P = 0.0177), gastric adenocarcinoma (P < 0.0001), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P < 0.0001) and rectal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.0001). In piecewise regression analyses, positive associations of age and tumor grade were only observed in specific age groups in some types of tumor, e.g., anal adenocarcinoma (> 66 years), gallbladder adenocarcinoma (> 49 years), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (> 56 years), hepatocellular carcinoma (35-90 years), rectal adenocarcinoma (<59 years in White; < 52 years in Non-White) and anal squamous cell carcinoma (<51 years in White; < 58 years in Non-White). Patients with well-differentiated tumors had better long-term prognoses compared to those with poorly-differentiated tumors (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The patterns of relationship between age and tumor grade were different in patients with different types of digestive tumor, which may be a reflection of the distinct molecular subtypes of these tumors.
Thermal and Hydrodynamic Characteristics Research of a Tree-Shaped Microchannel Network Thermal Exchanger on the High-Speed Motorized Spindle
Authors: Li Song-Hua , Zhao Zi-Chen , Wang Yong-Hua , Wang Wei-Nan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To improve the thermal dissipation of high-speed motorized spindle, core component of machine tool, according to the construction theory of mammalian circulation and respiratory system, this paper optimizes the distribution of the existing tree-shaped microchannel network structure, changes the thermal exchanger assembly mode, directly as the spindle shell, and make it possible in engineering applications. Considered the conjugate heat transfer between the spindle stator, thermal exchanger, and cooling water, a three-dimensional (3D) fluid thermodynamic model of a tree-shaped microchannel network thermal exchanger and a conventional spiral thermal exchanger are established. Both have the identical heat exchange area and inlet size. The hydrodynamic characteristics, pressure loss, temperature gradient distribution, and coefficient of performance (COP) are compared. The results indicate that the new structure proposed in this paper has more excellent hydrodynamic characteristics, smaller pressure changes, more uniform temperature gradient distribution, and greater COP. The experiment results verify the correctness of the theoretical calculation. It has a wide range of application prospects in thermal problems of high-speed spindle.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic joint analysis reveals distinct flavonoid biosynthesis regulation for variegated testa color development in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Hu Mengdie , Li Jiawei , Hou Mingyu , Liu Xiaoqing , Cui Shunli , Yang Xinlei , Liu Lifeng , Jiang Xiaoxia , Mu Guojun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the important oil and economic crops, among which the variegated testa peanut is a unique member. But the molecular mechanisms underlying the pigment synthesis in variegated testa are still unclear. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pigment metabolism pathway in colored area indicated there were 27 DEGs highly related to the synthesis of variegated testa color among 1,050 DEGs,which were 13 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated,consisting of 3 PALs, 1 C4H, 2 CHSs, 1 F3H, 1 F3'H, 2 DFRs, 2 LARs, 2 IAAs, 4 bHLHs and 9 MYBs. GO analysis indicated DEGs were similarly enriched in 3 branches.KEGG analysis suggested flavonoid biosynthesis is the most direct metabolic pathway for the synthesis of testa variegation.The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) results showed that cyanidin and delphinidin were the main metabolites that caused the color difference between the colored area and the non-colored area. Through the verification of 20 DEGs via qPCR, the results were consistent with that of transcriptome sequencing in 4 comparison groups. The results in this study lay the foundation for revealing the molecular regulation mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis in variegated testa peanut.
Simulated Sunlight Decreases the Viability of SARS-CoV-2 in Mucus
Authors: Sloan Angela , Cutts Todd , Griffin Bryan D , Kasloff Samantha , Schiffman Zachary , Chan Mable , Audet Jonathan , Leung Anders , Kobasa Darwyn , Stein Derek , Safronetz David , Poliquin Guillaume 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study examined the effect of simulated sunlight on the viability of SARS-CoV-2 spiked into tissue culture medium or mucus. The study revealed that inactivation took 37 minutes in medium and 107 minutes in mucus. These times-to-inactivation were unexpected since they are longer than have been observed in other studies.
Management of insecticides for use in disease vector control: a global survey
Authors: Berg Henk van den , Bezerra Haroldo Sergio da Silva , Chanda Emmanuel , Al-Eryani Samira , Nagpal Bhupender Nath , Gasimov Elkhan , Velayudhan Raman , Yadav Rajpal Singh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Vector control plays a critical role in the prevention, control and elimination of vector-borne diseases, and interventions of vector control continue to depend largely on the action of chemical insecticides. A global survey was conducted on the management practices of vector control insecticides at country level to identify gaps to inform future strategies on pesticide management, seeking to improve efficacy of interventions and reduce the side effects of chemicals used on health and the environment.Methods: A survey by questionnaire on the management practices of vector control insecticides was disseminated among all WHO Member States. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Responses were received from 94 countries, or a 48% response rate . Capacity for insecticide resistance monitoring was established in 68-80% of the countries in most regions, often with external support; however, this capacity was largely lacking from the European & Others Region. Procurement of vector control insecticides was in 50-75% of countries taking place by agencies other than the central-level procuring agency, over which the central authorities lacked control, for example, to select the product or assure product quality. Moreover, some countries experienced problems with estimating the correct amounts for procurement, especially for emergency purposes. Large fractions of countries across regions showed shortcomings in worker safety, pesticide storage practices, and pesticide waste disposal. Shortcomings were most pronounced in countries of the European & Others region, which has long been relatively free from mosquito-borne diseases but have recently faced challenges of re-emerging vector-borne diseases.Conclusions: Critical shortcomings in the management of vector control insecticides are common in countries across regions, with risks of adverse pesticide effects on health and the environment. Advocacy and resource mobilization are needed at regional and country level to address these challenges.