bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FPGA-based real-time simulation for EV station with multiple high-frequency chargers based on C-EMTP algorithm
Authors: Li Zirun , Xu Jin , Wang Keyou , Wu Pan , Li Guojie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe electric vehicle (EV) charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs. Real-time simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different operating modes. However, the large numbers of high-frequency power electronic switches contained in EV chargers pose great challenges for real-time simulation. This paper proposes a compact electromagnetic transient program (C-EMTP) algorithm for FPGA-based real-time simulation of an EV station with multiple high-frequency chargers. The C-EMTP algorithm transforms the traditional EMTP algorithm into two parallel sub-tasks only consisting of simple matrix operations, to fully utilize the high parallelism of FPGA. The simulation time step can be greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional EMTP algorithm, and so the simulation accuracy for high-frequency power electronics is improved. The EV chargers can be decoupled with each other and simulated in parallel. A CPU-FPGA-based real-time simulation platform is developed and the proposed simulation of the EV station is implemented. The control strategy is simulated in a CPU with 100 μs time-step, while the EV station circuit topology is simulated in a single FPGA with a 250 ns time-step. In the case studies, the EV station consists of a two-level rectifier and five dual-active bridge (DAB) EV chargers. It is tested under different scenarios, and the real-time simulation results are validated using PSCAD/EMTDC.
CIRSE standards of practice on gynaecological and obstetric haemorrhage
Authors: Rand Thomas , Patel Rafiuddin , Magerle Wolfgang , Uberoi Raman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis CIRSE Standards of Practice document provides best practices for obstetric haemorrhage embolisation (OHE) in the management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The document is aimed at interventional radiologists involved in treating postpartum haemorrhage, and has been developed by a writing group established by the CIRSE Standards of Practice Committee.CIRSE Standards of Practice documents are not clinical practice guidelines and do not intend to impose a standard of care, rather provide reasonable approaches to and best practices for specific interventional radiology treatments and techniques.
Endovascular management of traumatic pseudoaneurysms
Authors: Shreve Lauren , Jarmakani Maha , Javan Hanna , Babin Ivan , Nelson Kari , Katrivesis James , Lekawa Michael , Kuncir Eric , Fernando Dayantha , Abi-Jaoudeh Nadine 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Pseudoaneurysms (PAs) caused by traumatic injury to the arterial vasculature have a high risk of rupture, leading to life-threatening hemorrhage and mortality, requiring urgent treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the technical and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment of visceral and extremity traumatic pseudoaneurysms.

Methods
Clinical data were retrospectively collected from all patients presenting for endovascular treatment of PAs between September 2012 and September 2018 at a single academic level one trauma center. Technical success was defined as successful treatment of the PA with no residual filling on post-embolization angiogram. Clinical success was defined as technical successful treatment with no rebleeding throughout the follow-up period and no reintervention for the PA.

Results
Thirty-five patients (10F/25M), average age (± stdev) 41.7 ± 20.1 years, presented with PAs secondary to blunt (n = 31) or penetrating (n = 4) trauma. Time from trauma to intervention ranged from 2 h - 75 days (median: 4.4 h, IQR: 3.5–17.1 h) with 27 (77%) of PAs identified and treated within 24 h of trauma. Average hospitalization was 13.78 ± 13.4 days. Ten patients underwent surgery prior to intervention. PA number per patient ranged from 1 to 5 (multiple diffuse). PAs were located on the splenic (n = 12, 34.3%), pelvic (n = 11, 31.4%), hepatic (n = 9, 25.7%), upper extremity/axilla (n = 2, 5.7%), and renal arteries (n = 1, 2.9%). Technical success was 85.7%. Clinical success was 71.4%, for technical failure (n = 5), repeat embolization (n = 1) or post-IR surgical intervention (n = 4). There was no PA rebleeding or reintervention for any patient after discharge over the reported follow-up periods. Three patients died during the trauma hospitalization for reasons unrelated to the PAs.

Conclusions
Endovascular treatment of traumatic visceral and extremity PAs is efficacious with minimal complication rates and low reintervention requirements.
Influence of foliar spray with some calcium sources on flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality of olive Kalmata and Manzanillo cultivars under salt stress
Authors: El-Hady Eman S. , Merwad Mohamed A. , Shahin Mohamed F. M. , Hagagg Laila F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis work was carried out through 2017 and 2018 seasons on Kalmata and Manzanillo olive cultivars. Trees were 15 years old, grown in sandy soil and planted at 5 × 5 m apart irrigated with saline water through drip irrigation system. This investigation aimed to improve flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality of the tow olive cultivars. Trees were sprayed with calcium at 0.5% as calcium chloride (21% Ca) and chelated calcium.ResultsThe results revealed that there were significant differences with calcium source treatment regarding number of inflorescences/shoot, no. of total flowers/inflorescences, sex expression, initial fruit set, final fruit set (%) and yield/kg (tree) and decreasing fruit drop (%) of olive oil Kalmata and Manzanillo cultivars compared with unsprayed in both seasons.ConclusionsResults proved that olive trees sprayed at the end of December with 0.5% calcium as chelated calcium was the promising treatment for good flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality.
Timing of magnetic resonance imaging affects the accuracy and interobserver agreement of anterolateral ligament tears detection in anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees
Authors: Han Audrey Xinyun , Tan Tien Jin , Nguyen Tiep , Lee Dave Yee Han 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to identify the anterolateral ligament (ALL) tears in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees using standard 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
We included all patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction at our center between 2012 and 2015. Exclusion criteria included patients with multiple ligament injuries, lateral collateral ligament, posterolateral corner, and infections, and patients who underwent MRI more than 2 months after their injury. All patients (n = 148) had ACL tears that were subsequently arthroscopically reconstructed. The magnetic resonance (MR) images of the injured knees performed within 2 months of injury were reviewed by a musculoskeletal radiologist and an orthopedic surgeon. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group of patients had MRI performed within 1 month of injury. The second group of patients had MRI performed 1–2 months after the index injury. Both assessors were blinded and the MR mages were read separately to assess the presence of ALL, presence of a tear and the location of the tear. Based on their readings, interobserver agreement (kappa statistic (K)), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were compared.

Results
The ALL was identified in 100% of the patients. However, there was a discrepancy of up to 15% in the identification of tear of the ALL. In the first group in which MRI scans were performed within 1 month of injury, the ALL tear was identified by the radiologist in 92% of patients and by the surgeon in 90% of patients (Κ = 0.86). In the second group in which MRI scans were performed within 1–2 months of the injury, the ALL tear was identified by the radiologist in 78% of patients and by the surgeon in 93% of patients (K = 0.62).

Conclusion
The ALL can be accurately identified on MRI, but the presence and location of ALL tear and its location cannot be reliably identified on MRI. The accuracy in identification and characterization of a tear was affected by the interval between the time of injury and the time when the MRI was performed.

Level of evidence
Diagnostic, level IIIb, retrospective.
The clinical impact of hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Kassem Neemat M. , Kassem Hebatallah A. , Ibrahim Magdy , Zawam Hussam , Hamada Emad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a human B cell neoplasia characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Worldwide, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a public health problem. For MM patients, the clinical impact of preexisting HCV infection is still unclear. We aim to assess the clinical characteristics and the prevalence of the HCV infection in Egyptian MM patients. This observational study included 81 MM patients. HCV antibody assay was performed, and positive cases were confirmed using a reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) method.

Results
Fifteen (18.5%) patients were anti-HCV antibody positive. Only 6/15 (7.4%) patients were HCV RNA positive by RT-PCR. Liver affection in the form of hyperbilirubinemia with grade 4 adverse events was significantly higher in the anti-HCV positive/HCV RNA positive group versus anti HCV negative group (16.7% vs. 1.5%, p value = 0.005). The median HCV-RNA before the initiation of chemotherapy was 2.5 log IU/ml with mean ± SD = 4.25 ± 1.6 with no HCV reactivation. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, HCV infection was not an independent factor related to DFS. Low hemoglobin level < 10 g/dL (HR 0.59, 95% CI, 0.36–0.97, p value = 0.037) and abnormal serum total bilirubin level (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.03–3.5, p value = 0.039) influenced DFS in the univariate analysis. However, in the multivariate analysis, serum calcium level greater than 12 mg/dL (HR 7.04, 95% CI 1.12–44.45, p value = 0.038) and abnormal serum total bilirubin level (HR 10.9, 95% CI 2.92–41.02, p value = < 0.001) remained statistically significant worse prognostic factors.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our study revealed the prevalence of HCV infection in Egyptian MM patients. Serologic tests at diagnosis are necessary to identify these patients, and confirmation of positive cases by molecular techniques should be mandatory, with regular follow-up for liver dysfunction. Finally, further larger studies explaining the molecular mechanisms linking HCV and the MM pathogenesis are warranted.
CT findings of 795 COVID-19 positive cases: a multicenter study in Egypt
Authors: Sabri Youssriah Yahia , Fawzi Mohamed Mohsen Tolba , Nossair Eman Zaki , El-Mandooh Safaa Mohamed , Hegazy Amira Aly , Tadros Sally Fouad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was officially announced as a global pandemic by the WHO on March 11th 2020. Thorough understanding of CT imaging features of COVID-19 is essential for effective patient management; rationalizing the need for relevant research. The aim of this study was to analyze the chest CT findings of patients with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) proved COVID-19 admitted to four Egyptian hospitals. The recently published RSNA expert consensus statement on reporting COVID-19 chest CT findings was taken into consideration.

Results
Normal CT “negative for COVID-19” was reported in 26.1% of our RT-PCR proved COVID-19 cases. In descending order of prevalence, imaging findings of the positive CT studies (73.9%) included GGO (69%), consolidation (49.7%), crazy paving (15.4%), and peri-lobular fibrosis (40.6%). These showed a dominantly bilateral (68.2%), peripheral (72.4%), and patchy (64.7%) distribution. Remarkably, thymic hyperplasia was identified in 14.3% of studies. According to the RSNA consensus, CT findings were classified as typical in 68.9%, indeterminate in 3.6%, and atypical in 1.4% of the evaluated CT studies.

Conclusion
Although COVID-19 cannot be entirely excluded by chest CT, it can be distinguished in more than two-thirds of cases; making CT a widely available, non-invasive, and rapid diagnostic tool.
PET/CT vs CECT in assessment of therapeutic response in lymphoma
Authors: Yassin Aya , El Sheikh Radwa Hany , Ali Mona Mohamed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Lymphoma incorporates histologically variable cancers derived from the immune system cells. The distinctive feature of lymphoma is the rapid increase in size and number of lymph nodes and/or secondary lymphoid tissues.
The aim of the work is to evaluate the accuracy of PET/CT vs CECT in the assessment of response to therapy in lymphoma patients: both early and late therapeutic response assessment.
This retrospective study was conducted on 80 patients with different types of lymphoma recruited and enrolled from a university hospital. All 80 patients underwent pre-treatment, during the course of chemotherapy and at the end of planned treatment contrast-enhanced СT (СEСT) and PET-СT. Interpretation of the СEСT and the fusion images PET/СT each was done separately and comparison of the results was achieved.

Results
PET/CT and contrast-enhanced computed tomography were concurrent in results in 55% of cases during treatment and 75% at the end of treatment with CT sensitivity of 61.1%, specificity of 92.2%, and accuracy of 76.2% during treatment in comparison to 100% sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT. Sensitivity of CT at end of treatment was 57.5%, specificity 86.7%, and accuracy 71.6% as compared to 100% sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT.

Conclusion
PET/СT using 2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-d-glucose is considered one of the best oncologic imaging modalities at the time being with valuable applications in lymphoma. It is very efficient with least possible pitfalls and false results compared to either of its components alone and to side by side reading of separately acquired PET and СT. PET/CT can detect both anatomical information as well as metabolical information providing more data and thus giving more accurate results than CECT. It is becoming а standard modality for lymphoma providing а new vision to management and treatment plan.
Extended levobunolol release from Eudragit nanoparticle-laden contact lenses for glaucoma therapy
Authors: Kumar Navneet , Aggarwal Rohan , Chauhan Meenakshi K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Majorly, the reason for the permanent loss of vision is glaucoma. But the currently available common treatment methodologies such as eye drops have various disadvantages like patient incompliance due to repeated administration and poor (1–5%) bioavailability leading to poor efficiency. The objective of this research was to formulate Eudragit-based nanoparticles of levobunolol incorporated into a contact lens to obtain sustained ocular delivery of levobunolol at the therapeutics level. Eudragit nanoparticles of levobunolol were formulated by nanoprecipitation methodology utilizing different ratios of Eudragit S100 and polyvinyl alcohol. The prepared nanoparticles were evaluated and optimized by efficiency of entrapment, particle size, morphology of surface and zeta potential. The optimized nanoparticles were then entrapped into the matrix of the contact lens by the soaking method which were then characterized and compared for optical clarity study, equilibrium swelling study, shelf life and in vitro drug release in simulated tear fluid followed by ex vivo transcorneal permeation study.

Results
Formulation F3 was obtained as optimized nanoparticle formulation with 102.61 nm ± 3.92 of particle size, − 22.2 mV ± 2.76 of zeta potential and 86.995% ± 1.902 of efficiency of entrapment. The equilibrium swelling index and transmittance of nanoparticle incorporated into contact lenses showed better results when compared to drug solution-loaded lenses. In vitro release indicated more sustained drug profiles (84.33% ± 0.34 of drug release over a period of 12 days) as compared to drug solution-loaded lenses (89.282% ± 0.900 of drug release over a period of 3 days). Ex vivo transcorneal permeation studies showed more permeation (6.75% ± 0.170) through contact lenses as compared to marketed eye drops (3.03% ± 0.088).

Conclusion
This research demonstrates the remarkable results of drug-laden contact lenses to serve as a great medium for the continued delivery of ocular drugs without affecting the physical and optical characteristics of the lens content.
Proteinuria in Severe Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gondil Vijay Singh , Chandrasekaran Aarthi , Rastogi Ashu , Yadav Ashok Kumar , Sood Ashwani , Ramachandran Raja , Kumar Vivek , Rathi Manish , Kohli Harbir Singh , Jha Vivekanand , Gupta Krishan Lal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
Hypothyroidism is associated with reversible decline in kidney function as measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). eGFR and proteinuria are the most important markers for clinical assessment of kidney function. Though hypothyroidism is associated with proteinuria in cross-sectional data, the impact of treatment on proteinuria is unknown.

Objective
This study explores the effect of thyroid hormone replacement therapy on eGFR and 24-hour urine protein excretion in patients with severe primary hypothyroidism.

Design and Participants
This study was a prospective, observational cohort study in adults with severe primary hypothyroidism (serum thyrotropin [TSH] &gt; 50 µIU/mL). Individuals with preexisting or past kidney disease, kidney or urinary tract abnormalities, calculi or surgery, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension were excluded. The participants received thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Thyroid functions, eGFR, 24-hour urine protein excretion, and biochemical parameters were measured at baseline and 3 months.

Setting
This study took place at a single center, a tertiary care referral and teaching hospital.

Results
Of 44 enrolled participants, 43 completed 3 months of follow-up. At 3 months, serum TSH levels decreased and thyroxine levels increased (P &lt; .001 for both). Significant increases in eGFR (mean difference, 18.25 ± 19.49 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI, 12.25 to 24.25, P &lt; .001) and declines in 24-hour urine protein excretion (mean difference, –68.39 ± 125.89 mg/day; 95% CI, –107.14 to –29.65, P = .001) were observed. Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels also significantly decreased (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Thyroid hormone replacement therapy in patients with severe primary hypothyroidism improves eGFR and decreases 24-hour urine protein excretion, thereby suggesting reversible alterations.
A Rare Case of Adrenal Cysts Associated With Bilateral Incidentalomas and Diffuse Hyperplasia of the Zona Glomerulosa
Authors: Babaya Naru , Okuda Yuki , Noso Shinsuke , Hiromine Yoshihisa , Taketomo Yasunori , Niwano Fumimaru , Ueda Kazuki , Tanaka Yumiko , Yamazaki Yuto , Sasano Hironobu , Kawabata Yumiko , Ohno Yasuhiro , Ikegami Hiroshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Characterization of adrenocortical disorders is challenging because of varying origins, laterality, the presence or absence of hormone production, and unclarity about the benign or malignant nature of the lesion. Histopathological examination in conjunction with immunohistochemistry is generally considered mandatory in this characterization. We report a rare case of bilateral adrenocortical adenomas associated with unilateral adrenal endothelial cysts in a 65-year-old woman whose condition was not diagnosed before surgery. Detailed histological examination of the resected adrenal glands revealed hyperplasia in the zona glomerulosa. Despite hyperplasia, the patient had normal serum aldosterone levels and renin activity without clinical evidence of hypertension. The patient was treated with a sodium-glucose cotransporter protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. This may have stimulated the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in which both relatively large bilateral adrenocortical adenomas and unilateral adrenal endothelial cysts were detected. This case also highlights the complexity and difficulty of preoperative diagnosis. Furthermore, this case reports the first detailed histopathological examination of adrenal lesions with SGLT2 treatment and the possibility of SGLT2 inhibitor treatment resulting in histological hyperplasia in the zona glomerulosa; however, it is difficult to prove a causative relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and hyperplasia of the zona glomerulosa based on the data of this case. It can be confirmed only under limited conditions; therefore, further studies on adrenal gland histology employing SGLT2 inhibition are warranted.
Restoration of motor learning in a mouse model of Rett syndrome following long-term treatment with a novel small-molecule activator of TrkB
Authors: Adams Ian , Yang Tao , Longo Frank M. , Katz David M. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Reduced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and impaired activation of the BDNF receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB; also known as Ntrk2), are thought to contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of Rett syndrome (RTT), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked gene encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Previous studies from this and other laboratories have shown that enhancing BDNF expression and/or TrkB activation in Mecp2-deficient mouse models of RTT can ameliorate or reverse abnormal neurological phenotypes that mimic human RTT symptoms. The present study reports on the preclinical efficacy of a novel, small-molecule, non-peptide TrkB partial agonist, PTX-BD4-3, in heterozygous female Mecp2 mutant mice, a well-established RTT model that recapitulates the genetic mosaicism of the human disease. PTX-BD4-3 exhibited specificity for TrkB in cell-based assays of neurotrophin receptor activation and neuronal cell survival and in in vitro receptor binding assays. PTX-BD4-3 also activated TrkB following systemic administration to wild-type and Mecp2 mutant mice and was rapidly cleared from the brain and plasma with a half-life of ∼2 h. Chronic intermittent treatment of Mecp2 mutants with a low dose of PTX-BD4-3 (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, once every 3 days for 8 weeks) reversed deficits in two core RTT symptom domains – respiration and motor control – and symptom rescue was maintained for at least 24 h after the last dose. Together, these data indicate that significant clinically relevant benefit can be achieved in a mouse model of RTT with a chronic intermittent, low-dose treatment paradigm targeting the neurotrophin receptor TrkB.
A Combined Experimental and Computational Study on the Palladium-Catalyzed Sequential [2+2+1] Spirocyclization/Arene C–H Activation of 4-Iodo-2-quinolones with Diphenylacetylene
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Hirako Naohiro , Yasui Takeshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed reaction of 4-iodo-2-quinolones with diarylacetylenes in the presence of Ag2CO3 as a base in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 100 °C afforded unprecedented polyfused 2-quinolones via sequential [2+2+1] spirocyclization/arene C–H activation. A plausible mechanism is suggested based on control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.