bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of the gibberellin-stimulated transcript of GASA4 in Citrus
Authors: Wu Tianli , Cheng Chunzhen , Zhong Yun , Lv Yuanda , Ma Yanyan , Zhong Guangyan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractACitrus clementinagene,CcGASA4, which is involved in the responses of citrus to stress, was characterized. The gene was induced byCitrus tristeza virusinfection, wounding and gibberellic, salicylic and abscisic acid treatments. A qRT-PCR analysis showed thatCcGASA4had a very high basal expression in flowers yet was still able to be further induced independently in giberellic, salicylic and abscisic acid-treated flowers. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that the CcGASA4 protein localized to the cell membrane and nucleus. A yeast two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that CcGASA4 interacted with two proteins, the large proline-rich protein bag6-A (PRPBAG6-A) and the general negative regulator of transcription subunit 3 (CNOT3). PRPBAG6 has been reported to be involved in disease resistance. Replacing some of CcGASA4's conserved cysteines with alanines (Cys → Ala) abolished the protein’s interaction with CNOT3 but did not show any effect on the protein’s interaction with PRPBAG6-A. Thus,CcGASA4appears to play multiple roles inCitrus, probably by interacting with different proteins and/or by localizing to different subcellular compartments.
In the beginning was violence: Emmanuel Levinas on religion and violence
Authors: Welten Ruud 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIt is the aim of this contribution to question the two conceptions of violence in the later Levinas. One of the face, the other the violence that must be overcome by the face. The article argues that this cannot be understood fully without taking into account Levinas’ Talmudic philosophy. By focusing on the notion of trauma in the later work of Levinas, it is argued that Levinas’ idea of the human subject is understood as radical vulnerability. This idea is evaluated on the basis of short comparisons with the thinking of Lacan, Žižek and Camus. The claim is made that to Levinas, violence is not a phenomenon to be eliminated by rational ethics, but one that forms the very notion of humanity itself. This is elaborated by showing how the Bible takes on a central role in Levinas’ thought.
Time-resolved fluorescence study of excitation energy transfer in the cyanobacterium Anabaena PCC 7120
Authors: Akhtar Parveen , Biswas Avratanu , Petrova Nia , Zakar Tomas , van Stokkum Ivo H. M. , Lambrev Petar H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractExcitation energy transfer (EET) and trapping in Anabaena variabilis (PCC 7120) intact cells, isolated phycobilisomes (PBS) and photosystem I (PSI) complexes have been studied by picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy at room temperature. Global analysis of the time-resolved fluorescence kinetics revealed two lifetimes of spectral equilibration in the isolated PBS, 30–35 ps and 110–130 ps, assigned primarily to energy transfer within the rods and between the rods and the allophycocyanin core, respectively. An additional intrinsic kinetic component with a lifetime of 500–700 ps was found, representing non-radiative decay or energy transfer in the core. Isolated tetrameric PSI complexes exhibited biexponential fluorescence decay kinetics with lifetimes of about 10 ps and 40 ps, representing equilibration between the bulk antenna chlorophylls with low-energy “red” states and trapping of the equilibrated excitations, respectively. The cascade of EET in the PBS and in PSI could be resolved in intact filaments as well. Virtually all energy absorbed by the PBS was transferred to the photosystems on a timescale of 180–190 ps.
Modelling excitation energy transfer and trapping in the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis PCC 7120
Authors: Biswas Avratanu , Huang Xinpeng , Lambrev Petar H. , van Stokkum Ivo H. M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe phycobilisome (PBS) serves as the major light-harvesting system, funnelling excitation energy to both photosystems (PS) in cyanobacteria and red algae. The picosecond kinetics involving the excitation energy transfer has been studied within the isolated systems and intact filaments of the cyanobacteriumAnabaena variabilisPCC 7120. A target model is proposed which resolves the dynamics of the different chromophore groups. The energy transfer rate of 8.5 ± 1.0/ns from the rod to the core is the rate-limiting step, both in vivo and in vitro. The PBS-PSI-PSII supercomplex reveals efficient excitation energy migration from the low-energy allophycocyanin, which is the terminal emitter, in the PBS core to the chlorophyllain the photosystems. The terminal emitter of the phycobilisome transfers energy to both PSI and PSII with a rate of 50 ± 10/ns, equally distributing the solar energy to both photosystems. Finally, the excitation energy is trapped by charge separation in the photosystems with trapping rates estimated to be 56 ± 6/ns in PSI and 14 ± 2/ns in PSII.
School principal self-efficacy for instructional leadership: relations with engagement, emotional exhaustion and motivation to quit
Authors: Skaalvik Cecilie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe current study explored relations between principal self-efficacy for instructional leadership, emotional exhaustion, engagement, and motivation to quit the work as a principal. Participants in the study were 340 principals in elementary school and high school in five randomly selected counties in Norway. The theoretical frameworks for the study were self-efficacy theory and theoretical perspectives on instructional leadership. A new 15-item “Norwegian self-efficacy for instructional leadership scale” consisting of five subscales was developed and tested by means of confirmatory factor analyses. Both a model defining five correlated primary factors (Model 1) and a model defining a single second order factor (Model 2) had good fit to the data. SEM analysis revealed that self-efficacy for instructional leadership was negatively related to emotional exhaustion and positively related to engagement, indicating good criterion validity of the scale. Self-efficacy was also negatively related to motivation to quit. This relation was indirect and mediated through both emotional exhaustion and engagement. The dimension of self-efficacy for instructional leadership that was most strongly associated with emotional exhaustion and engagement was self-efficacy for motivating teachers. The dimension that was most weakly related to these variables was self-efficacy for creating a positive and safe learning environment for the students.
A reformulation of Murashige and Skoog medium (WPBS medium) improves embryogenesis, morphogenesis and transformation efficiency in temperate and tropical grasses and cereals
Authors: Dalton S. J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSlow callus growth is a barrier to efficient genetic transformation in some gramineous species. A reformulation of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with additional magnesium sulphate, potassium phosphate, copper sulphate, proline and glutamine, termed WPBS medium, has been developed which improves all aspects of in vitro culture when compared with MS based media. Embryogenic callus could be produced more rapidly from responsive genotypes of sixteen cereal, forage, model and energy grass species, whether using embryos, shoot tips or proliferated meristems as explants. Three species were not transformed due to contamination or unsuitable explant, but thirteen species were transformed using an identical Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, selection and regeneration protocol, including Avena sativa and Oryza sativa. Readily transformable species such as Lolium perenne, Brachypodium distachyon and Festuca arundinacea and recalcitrant species such as Lolium temulentum and Miscanthus sinensis were reliably transformed, while two new species Phalaris arundinacea and viviparous Deschampsia cespitosa were transformed at the first attempt. It is hoped that the use of WPBS media and this general transformation protocol may help to improve the efficiency of grass and cereal transformation.
Experimental Validation of the Sensitivity-Based Virtual Fields for Identification of Anisotropic Plasticity Models
Authors: Marek A. , Davis F. M. , Kim J.-H. , Pierron F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, the sensitivity-based virtual fields have been applied to identify two anisotropic plasticity models (Hill48, Yld2000-2D) using a deep-notched tensile test performed on flat samples of cold-rolled sheet of DC04 steel. The material was characterised using the standard protocol to obtain the reference sets of parameters. Deformation data was obtained during deep-notched tests using stereo digital image correlation and the virtual fields method was employed to identify material parameters. It was found that the sensitivity-based virtual fields outperform the standard user-defined virtual fields in terms of accuracy.
The role and mechanism of lncRNA NEAT1 in the fibrosis of pulmonary epithelial cell
Authors: Xu Hui , Chen YanBo , Zhuang Jinqiang , Zhu Shun , Xu Bing , Hong Jiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious clinical fatal disease. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and lncRNA NEAT1 have been implied in its development and progression.

Objective
To study the role of lncRNA NEAT1 in the progression of fibrosis in human pulmonary epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Specifically, BEAS-2B was transfected with NEAT1 and miR-29c, EMT and cell proliferation were measured and the expression level of relevant genes was determined by Western blot.

Result
Results showed that NEAT1 promotes fibrosis and proliferation of BEAS-2B cells via the up-regulation of α-SMA, Vimentin, Snail and proliferation-related genes including Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E; miR-29c is a target gene of NEAT1 and through which NEAT1 regulates EMT and expression of proliferation-related genes.

Conclusion
This study investigated the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis progression by elucidating the role of NEAT1/miR-29c in the fibrosis and proliferation of BEAS-2B cells, thus providing a basis for the new therapeutic targets of pulmonary fibrosis.
Reducing risk with end-to-end application security automation
Authors: Blake Cindy 
Published: February 2020

No one wants to be ‘that guy’ – the one that got the company hacked. The one who made a simple but stupid mistake when developing a new software application, such as including a password in the code. No one wants to be ‘the person who got the company hacked’ – the one who made a simple mistake when developing software, such as including a password in the code. The best way to reduce this kind of risk is through automation, argues Cindy Blake of GitLab. By automating application security scanning, vulnerability remediation and monitoring the application's infrastructure, human error is removed and consistency is applied. And the best way to reduce the risk of non-compliance with regulatory controls is by automating them and having traceability along the way to capture who changed what, when and why.
Rapid growth of a long-seed KDP crystal
Authors: Chen Duanyang , Wang Bin , Wang Hu , Zhu Xiangyu , Xu Ziyuan , Zhao Yuanan , Wang Shenghao , Ni Kaizao , Zheng Lili , Zhang Hui , Qi Hongji , Shao Jianda 
Published: February 2020

To reduce the seed length while maintaining the advantages of the cuboid KDP-type crystal, a long-seed KDP crystal with size

$471~\text{mm}\times 480~\text{mm}\times 400~\text{mm}$

is rapidly grown. With almost the same high cutting efficiency to obtain third harmonic generation oriented samples, this long-seed KDP-type crystal can be grown with a shorter seed than that of the cuboid KDP-type crystal. The full width at half maximum of the high-resolution X-ray diffraction of the (200) crystalline face is 28.8 arc seconds, indicating that the long-seed KDP crystal has good crystalline quality. In the wavelength range of 377–1022 nm, the transmittance of the long-seed KDP crystal is higher than 90%. The fluence for the 50% probability of laser-induced damage (LID) is

$18.5~\text{J}/\text{cm}^{2}$

(3 ns, 355 nm). Several test points survive when the laser fluence exceeds

$30~\text{J}/\text{cm}^{2}$

(3 ns, 355 nm), indicating the good LID performance of the long-seed KDP crystal. At present, the growth of a long-seed DKDP crystal is under way.
Inheritance and mapping of drought tolerance in soybean at seedling stage using bulked segregant analysis
Authors: Sreenivasa V. , Lal S. K. , Kiran Babu P. , Mahadeva Swamy H. K. , Yadav Raju R. , Talukdar A. , Rathod Darasing R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOccurrence of drought under rainfed conditions is the foremost factor responsible for yield reduction in soybean. Developing soybean cultivars with an inherent ability to withstand drought would immensely benefit the soybean production in rainfed areas. In the present study, F2 derived mapping populations were developed by crossing drought tolerant (PK 1180, SL 46) and susceptible (UPSL 298, PK 1169) genotypes to investigate the inheritance of seedling survival drought mechanisms and to identify simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers associated with them, using bulked segregant analysis. Parents as well as a F2 derived mapping population were screened for drought tolerance based on seedling survivability under controlled conditions. Segregation analysis of F2 population derived from a cross between PK 1180 × UPSL 298 was previously shown to have a 3:1 tolerant to susceptible ratio and a probability of 0.61 at a χ2(3:1) value of 0.258. This was confirmed in another F2 population derived from a cross between PK 1169 × SL 46 with a χ2(3:1) value of 0.145 obtained at a probability of 0.70. One SSR marker Satt277 showed polymorphism between contracting bulks (tolerant and susceptible) out of 50 polymorphic markers identified during parental polymorphism. Single marker analysis suggested that the marker, Satt277 is linked to seedling survival drought tolerance and is located on chromosome linkage group C2 (chr 6) with a map distance of 3.40 cM. The tolerant genotypes identified could be used as a donor in soybean improvement programs. The marker identified can be used in marker-assisted selection while screening large collection of germplasm.
Assessing potential locations for flood-based farming using satellite imagery: a case study of Afar region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gumma Murali Krishna , Amede Tilahun , Getnet Mezegebu , Pinjarla Bhavani , Panjala Pranay , Legesse Gizachew , Tilahun Gebeyaw , Van den Akker Elisabeth , Berdel Wolf , Keller Christina , Siambi Moses , Whitbread Anthony M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe dry lowlands of Ethiopia are seasonally affected by long periods of low rainfall and, coinciding with rainfall in the Amhara highlands, flood waters which flow onto the lowlands resulting in damage to landscapes and settlements. In an attempt to convert water from storm generated floods into productive use, this study proposes a methodology using remote sensing data and geographical information system tools to identify potential sites where flood spreading weirs may be installed and farming systems developed which produce food and fodder for poor rural communities. First, land use land cover maps for the study area were developed using Landsat-8 and MODIS temporal data. Sentinel-1 data at 10 and 20 m resolution on a 12-day basis were then used to determine flood prone areas. Slope and drainage maps were derived from Shuttle RADAR Topography Mission Digital Elevation Model at 90 m spatial resolution. Accuracy assessment using ground survey data showed that overall accuracies (correctness) of the land use/land cover classes were 86% with kappa 0.82. Coinciding with rainfall in the uplands, March and April are the months with flood events in the short growing season (belg) and June, July and August have flood events during the major (meher) season. In the Afar region, there is potentially >0.55 m ha land available for development using seasonal flood waters from belg or meher seasons. During the 4 years of monitoring (2015–2018), a minimum of 142,000 and 172,000 ha of land were flooded in the belg and meher seasons, respectively. The dominant flooded areas were found in slope classes of <2% with spatial coverage varying across the districts. We concluded that Afar has a huge potential for flood-based technology implementation and recommend further investigation into the investments needed to support new socio-economic opportunities and implications for the local agro-pastoral communities.
Improving Predictions of High‐Latitude Coronal Mass Ejections Throughout the Heliosphere
Authors: Scolini C. , Chané E. , Pomoell J. , Rodriguez L. , Poedts S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPredictions of the impact of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the heliosphere mostly rely on cone CME models, whose performances are optimized for locations in the ecliptic plane and at 1 AU (e.g., at Earth). Progresses in the exploration of the inner heliosphere, however, advocate the need to assess their performances at both higher latitudes and smaller heliocentric distances. In this work, we perform 3‐D magnetohydrodynamics simulations of artificial cone CMEs using the EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA), investigating the performances of cone models in the case of CMEs launched at high latitudes. We compare results obtained initializing CMEs using a commonly applied approximated (Euclidean) distance relation and using a proper (great circle) distance relation. Results show that initializing high‐latitude CMEs using the Euclidean approximation results in a teardrop‐shaped CME cross section at the model inner boundary that fails in reproducing the initial shape of high‐latitude cone CMEs as a circular cross section. Modeling errors arising from the use of an inappropriate distance relation at the inner boundary eventually propagate to the heliospheric domain. Errors are most prominent in simulations of high‐latitude CMEs and at the location of spacecraft at high latitudes and/or small distances from the Sun, with locations impacted by the CME flanks being the most error sensitive. This work shows that the low‐latitude approximations commonly employed in cone models, if not corrected, may significantly affect CME predictions at various locations compatible with the orbit of space missions such as Parker Solar Probe, Ulysses, and Solar Orbiter.
A short guide to histone deacetylases including recent progress on class II enzymes
Authors: Park Suk-Youl , Kim Jeong-Sun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe interaction between histones and DNA is important for eukaryotic gene expression. A loose interaction caused, for example, by the neutralization of a positive charge on the histone surface by acetylation, induces a less compact chromatin structure, resulting in feasible accessibility of RNA polymerase and increased gene expression. In contrast, the formation of a tight chromatin structure due to the deacetylation of histone lysine residues on the surface by histone deacetylases enforces the interaction between the histones and DNA, which minimizes the chance of RNA polymerases contacting DNA, resulting in decreased gene expression. Therefore, the balance of the acetylation of histones mediated by histone acetylases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) is an issue of transcription that has long been studied in relation to posttranslational modification. In this review, current knowledge of HDACs is briefly described with an emphasis on recent progress in research on HDACs, especially on class IIa HDACs.
Outcome of older (≥70 years) APL patients frontline treated with or without arsenic trioxide—an International Collaborative Study
Authors: Kayser Sabine , Rahmé Ramy , Martínez-Cuadrón David , Ghiaur Gabriel , Thomas Xavier , Sobas Marta , Guerci-Bresler Agnes , Garrido Ana , Pigneux Arnaud , Gil Cristina , Raffoux Emmanuel , Tormo Mar , Vey Norbert , de la Serna Javier , Salamero Olga , Lengfelder Eva , Levis Mark J. , Fenaux Pierre , Sanz Miguel A. , Platzbecker Uwe , Schlenk Richard F. , Adès Lionel , Montesinos Pau 
Published: February 2020

AbstractData on outcome in older (≥70 years) patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia after treatment with arsenic trioxide (ATO) compared with standard chemotherapy (CTX) is scarce. We evaluated 433 patients (median age, 73.4 years) treated either with ATO+ all-trans retinoic acid (ATO/ATRA;n = 26), CTX/ATRA + ATO during consolidation (CTX/ATRA/ATO;n = 148), or with CTX/ATRA (n = 259). Median follow-up for overall survival (OS) was 4.8 years. Complete remissions (CR) were achieved in 92% with ATO/ATRA and 82% with CTX/ATRA; induction death rates were 8% and 18%, respectively. For analysis of postremission outcomes we combined the ATO/ATRA and CTX/ATRA/ATO groups (ATO/ATRA ± CTX). Cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was significantly lower after ATO/ATRA ± CTX compared with CTX/ATRA (P < 0.001). The same held true when restricting the analysis according to the treatment period after the year 2000. OS of patients in CR1 was not different between ATO/ATRA ± CTX compared with CTX/ATRA (P = 0.20). High (>10 × 109/l) white blood cell (WBC) counts at diagnosis were associated with higher CIR (P < 0.001) compared with lower WBC in the CTX/ATRA group, but not in the ATO/ATRA ± CTX group (P = 0.48). ATO, when added to ATRA or CTX/ATRA is feasible and effective in elderly patients for remission induction and consolidation, particularly in patients with high WBC at diagnosis.
Genome-wide DNA methylation meta-analysis in the brains of suicide completers
Authors: Policicchio Stefania , Washer Sam , Viana Joana , Iatrou Artemis , Burrage Joe , Hannon Eilis , Turecki Gustavo , Kaminsky Zachary , Mill Jonathan , Dempster Emma L. , Murphy Therese M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSuicide is the second leading cause of death globally among young people representing a significant global health burden. Although the molecular correlates of suicide remains poorly understood, it has been hypothesised that epigenomic processes may play a role. The objective of this study was to identify suicide-associated DNA methylation changes in the human brain by utilising previously published and unpublished methylomic datasets. We analysed prefrontal cortex (PFC, n = 211) and cerebellum (CER, n = 114) DNA methylation profiles from suicide completers and non-psychiatric, sudden-death controls, meta-analysing data from independent cohorts for each brain region separately. We report evidence for altered DNA methylation at several genetic loci in suicide cases compared to controls in both brain regions with suicide-associated differentially methylated positions enriched among functional pathways relevant to psychiatric phenotypes and suicidality, including nervous system development (PFC) and regulation of long-term synaptic depression (CER). In addition, we examined the functional consequences of variable DNA methylation within a PFC suicide-associated differentially methylated region (PSORS1C3 DMR) using a dual luciferase assay and examined expression of nearby genes. DNA methylation within this region was associated with decreased expression of firefly luciferase but was not associated with expression of nearby genes, PSORS1C3 and POU5F1. Our data suggest that suicide is associated with DNA methylation, offering novel insights into the molecular pathology associated with suicidality.