bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distribution of parotid gland neoplasms in a veteran population
Authors: Hussaini Adnan S. , Prasad Navin R. , Paal Edina , Tefera Eshetu A. , Malekzadeh Sonya , Maxwell Jessica H. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveSalivary gland tumors account for 6%–8% of head and neck neoplasms with the parotid gland as the most common primary site. Pleomorphic adenomas (PA) are considered the most common benign parotid gland neoplasms, followed by Warthin tumors (WT). The goal of this study was to investigate the distribution of parotid gland neoplasms among a United States veteran population.DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingWashington DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center.ParticipantsVeterans who underwent fine needle aspiration (FNA) for a parotid gland mass from 2000 to 2018 were included. Medical records were reviewed for gender, age, tobacco use, surgery date, and pathology results.Main outcome measuresChanges in the distribution of parotid neoplasms and tobacco use over an 18‐year period.ResultsOf 141 patients with parotid gland masses, 86.5% (n = 122) were benign, 9.9% (n = 14) were malignant, and 3.5% (n = 5) were indeterminate. Of benign tumors, WT accounted for the majority at 51.6%, followed by PA at 40.2%. When stratified by decade (2000–2009 and 2010–2018), the proportion of WT compared to all other benign and malignant neoplasms increased from 31.6% to 53.6%, whereas the proportion of PA decreased from 36.8% to 33.3%. The rate of tobacco use was unchanged at approximately 32.0% among our cohort from 2000 to 2018.ConclusionAmong our cohort of veteran patients, WT was the most common benign parotid tumor and has increased in incidence over the last two decades despite an unchanged smoking rate.
Resistance is Futile? Ceramic Technology and Social Change in Later Iron Age and Early Roman Britain: Silchester Ware as a Case Study
Authors: Sutton Adam 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWhile the basic sequence of innovations that characterise ceramic production in southern Britain during the first centuriesb.c. anda.d. is well-established, our understanding of resistance to these innovations remains in its infancy. Led by the theoretical principles of social constructionism, this paper presents a detailed technological characterisation of Silchester ware, a hand-built ceramic type common in late Iron Age and early Roman Berkshire and northern Hampshire, and a conspicuous example of technological and stylistic anachronism when compared to contemporary wheel-made pottery. Multi-period analyses using radiography, petrography and typology indicate that Silchester ware was not merely a technological ‘hangover’, but a traditional form of material culture with its own role in changing socio-economic structures. Contextualisation of the findings within the local archaeological background further suggests that Silchester ware may have been instrumental in the maintenance of local community and identity at a time when these aspects of social life were under threat. Supplementary material available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X20000355) comprises a characterisation of thechaînes opératoiresof Silchester ware and its middle Iron Age antecedents, and a summarised version of the data, interpretations and the original radiographs.
The Myth of the “Civilization State”: Rising Powers and the Cultural Challenge to World Order
Authors: Acharya Amitav 
Published: July 2020

Abstract“Civilization” is back at the forefront of global policy debates. The leaders of rising powers such as China, India, Turkey, and Russia have stressed their civilizational identity in framing their domestic and foreign policy platforms. An emphasis on civilizational identity is also evident in U.S. president Donald Trump's domestic and foreign policy. Some analysts argue that the twenty-first century might belong to the civilization state, just as the past few centuries were dominated by the nation-state. But is the rise of civilization state inevitable? Will it further undermine the liberal international order and fuel a clash of civilizations, as predicted by the late Samuel Huntington? Or might ideas from East Asian and other non-Western civilizations contribute to greater pluralism in our thinking about world order and the study of international relations?
Nilpotent types and fracture squares in homotopy type theory
Authors: Scoccola Luis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe develop the basic theory of nilpotent types and their localizations away from sets of numbers in Homotopy Type Theory. For this, general results about the classifying spaces of fibrations with fiber an Eilenberg–Mac Lane space are proven. We also construct fracture squares for localizations away from sets of numbers. All of our proofs are constructive.
The Fontan outcomes network: first steps towards building a lifespan registry for individuals with Fontan circulation in the United States
Authors: Alsaied Tarek , Allen Kiona Y. , Anderson Jeffrey B. , Anixt Julia S. , Brown David W. , Cetta Frank , Cordina Rachael , D’udekem Yves , Didier Meghan , Ginde Salil , Di Maria Michael V. , Eversole Michelle , Goldberg David , Goldstein Bryan H. , Hoffmann Erin , Kovacs Adrienne H. , Lannon Carole , Lihn Stacey , Lubert Adam M. , Marino Bradley S. , Mullen Emily , Pickles Diane , Rathod Rahul H. , Rychik Jack , Tweddell James S. , Wooton Sharyl , Wright Gail , Younoszai Adel , Glenn Tom , Wilmoth Alicia , Schumacher Kurt 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Fontan Outcomes Network was created to improve outcomes for children and adults with single ventricle CHD living with Fontan circulation. The network mission is to optimise longevity and quality of life by improving physical health, neurodevelopmental outcomes, resilience, and emotional health for these individuals and their families. This manuscript describes the systematic design of this new learning health network, including the initial steps in development of a national, lifespan registry, and pilot testing of data collection forms at 10 congenital heart centres.
Analysis of the Man-Made Causes of Shiraz Flash Flood: Iran, 2019
Authors: Heidari Mohammad , Sayfouri Nasrin , Miresmaeeli Seyedeh Samaneh , Nasiri Ali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFlood is the most common natural hazard in Iran, which annually affects the environment and human lives. On March 25, 2019 in Shiraz-Iran, following a heavy rainfall, the occurrence of a flash flood caused an extensive number of deaths, injuries, and vehicle demolitions in a short time. Evidence suggests that man-made causes of the incident, including unsustainable urban development and lack of early warning services, have played a more influential role compared with its natural causes. This study has attempted to substantiate that understanding disaster risks, as the first priority of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015-2030, directly impacts the decisions and actions of policymakers, local authorities, and the public. To provide more safety, mitigation, and disaster risk reduction, attention should primarily be paid on making a cultural paradigm shift through providing sufficient training in developing appropriate disaster risk perception in the community at large.
Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver	disease severity in a Brazilian population
Authors: Dutra Jeniffer Danielle M. , Lisboa Quelson Coelho , Ferolla Silvia Marinho , Carvalho Carolina Martinelli M. L. , Mendes Camila Costa M. , Ferrari Teresa Cristina A. , Couto Cláudia Alves 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.
Changes to the Madden‐Julian Oscillation in Coupled and Uncoupled Aquaplanet Simulations With 4xCO2
Authors: Bui Hien X. , Maloney Eric D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe impacts of rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and ocean feedbacks on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) are investigated with the Community Atmospheric Model Version 5 (CAM5) in an idealized aquaplanet configuration. The climate response associated with quadrupled CO2 concentrations and sea surface temperature (SST) warming are examined in both the uncoupled CAM5 and a version coupled to a slab ocean model. Increasing CO2 concentrations while holding SST fixed produces only small impacts to MJO characteristics, while the SST change resulting from increased CO2 concentrations produces a significant increase in MJO precipitation anomaly amplitude but smaller increase in MJO circulation anomaly amplitude, consistent with previous studies. MJO propagation speed increases in both coupled simulations with quadrupling of CO2 and uncoupled simulations with the same climatological surface temperature warming imposed, although propagation speed is increased more with coupling. While climatological SST changes are identical between coupled and uncoupled runs, other aspects of the basic state such as zonal winds do not change identically. For example, climate warming produces stronger superrotation and weaker mean lower tropospheric easterlies in the coupled run, which contributes to greater increases in MJO eastward propagation speed with warming through its effect on moisture advection. The column process, representing the sum of vertical moist static energy (MSE) advection and radiative heating anomalies, also supports faster eastward propagation with warming in the coupled run. How differing basic states between coupled and uncoupled runs contribute to this behavior is discussed in more detail.
Impacts of combining anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy and radiotherapy on the tumour immune microenvironment in a murine prostate cancer model
Authors: Philippou Yiannis , Sjoberg Hanna T. , Murphy Emma , Alyacoubi Said , Jones Keaton I. , Gordon-Weeks Alex N. , Phyu Su , Parkes Eileen E. , Gillies McKenna W. , Lamb Alastair D. , Gileadi Uzi , Cerundolo Vincenzo , Scheiblin David A. , Lockett Stephen J. , Wink David A. , Mills Ian G. , Hamdy Freddie C. , Muschel Ruth J. , Bryant Richard J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy enhances innate and adaptive anti-tumour immunity. It is unclear whether this effect may be harnessed by combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy fractions used to treat prostate cancer. We investigated tumour immune microenvironment responses of pre-clinical prostate cancer models to radiotherapy. Having defined this landscape, we tested whether radiotherapy-induced tumour growth delay could be enhanced with anti-PD-L1.MethodsHypofractionated radiotherapy was delivered to TRAMP-C1 and MyC-CaP flank allografts. Tumour growth delay, tumour immune microenvironment flow-cytometry, and immune gene expression were analysed. TRAMP-C1 allografts were then treated with 3 × 5 Gy ± anti-PD-L1.Results3 × 5 Gy caused tumour growth delay in TRAMP-C1 and MyC-CaP. Tumour immune microenvironment changes in TRAMP-C1 at 7 days post-radiotherapy included increased tumour-associated macrophages and dendritic cells and upregulation of PD-1/PD-L1, CD8+T-cell, dendritic cell, and regulatory T-cell genes. At tumour regrowth post-3 × 5 Gy the tumour immune microenvironment flow-cytometry was similar to control tumours, however CD8+, natural killer and dendritic cell gene transcripts were reduced. PD-L1 inhibition plus 3 × 5 Gy in TRAMP-C1 did not enhance tumour growth delay versus monotherapy.Conclusion3 × 5 Gy hypofractionated radiotherapy can result in tumour growth delay and immune cell changes in allograft prostate cancer models. Adjuncts beyond immunomodulation may be necessary to improve the radiotherapy-induced anti-tumour response.
Impact of mammographic screening and advanced cancer definition on the percentage of advanced-stage cancers in a steady-state breast screening programme in the Netherlands
Authors: de Munck Linda , Siesling Sabine , Fracheboud Jacques , den Heeten Gerard J. , Broeders Mireille J. M. , de Bock Geertruida H. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To estimate the percentages of advanced-stage breast cancers (BCs) detected during the course of a steady-state screening programme when using different definitions of advanced BC.

Methods
Data of women aged 49–74 years, diagnosed with BC in 2006–2015, were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and linked to the screening registry. BCs were classified as screen-detected, interval or non-screened. Three definitions of advanced BC were used for comparison: TNM stage (III–IV), NM stage (N+ and/or M+) and T size (invasive tumour ≥15 mm). Analyses were performed assuming a 10% overdiagnosis rate. In sensitivity analyses, this assumption varied from 0 to 30%.

Results
We included 46,734 screen-detected, 17,362 interval and 24,189 non-screened BCs. By TNM stage, 4.9% of screen-detected BCs were advanced, compared with 19.4% and 22.8% of interval and non-screened BCs, respectively (p < 0.001). Applying the other definitions led to higher percentages of advanced BC being detected. Depending on the definition interval, non-screened BCs had a 2–5-times risk of being advanced.

Conclusion
Irrespective of the definition, screen-detected BCs were less frequently in the advanced stage. These findings provide evidence of a stage shift to early detection and support the potential of mammographic screening to reduce treatment-related burdens and the mortality associated with BC.
EPS8 phosphorylation by Src modulates its oncogenic functions
Authors: Shahoumi Linah A. , Khodadadi Hesam , Bensreti Husam , Baban Babak , Yeudall W. Andrew 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundEPS8 is a scaffolding protein that regulates proliferation, actin dynamics and receptor trafficking. Its expression is increased in cancer, enhancing mitogenesis, migration and tumorigenesis. Src phosphorylates EPS8 at four tyrosine residues, although the function is unknown. Here we investigated the pro-oncogenic role of EPS8 tyrosine phosphorylation at Src target sites in HNSCC.MethodsPlasmids expressing EPS8 Src-mediated phosphorylation site mutants (Y485F, Y525F, Y602F, Y774F and all four combined [FFFF]) were expressed in cells containing a normal endogenous level of EPS8. In addition, cells were treated with dasatinib to inhibit Src activity. EPS8 downstream targets were evaluated by western blotting. Wound closure, proliferation, immunofluorescence and tumorgenicity assays were used to investigate the impact of phenylalanine mutations on EPS8 biological functions.ResultsFOXM1, AURKA, and AURKB were decreased in cells expressing FFFF- and Y602F-EPS8 mutants, while cells harbouring the Y485F-, Y525F- and Y774F-EPS8 mutants showed no differences compared to controls. Consistent with this, dasatinib decreased the expression of EPS8 targets. Moreover, Y602F- and FFFF-EPS8 mutants reduced mitogenesis and motility. Strikingly though, FFFF- or Y602F-EPS8 mutants actually promoted tumorigenicity compared with control cells.ConclusionsPhosphorylation of EPS8 at Y602 is crucial for signalling to the cell cycle and may provide insight to explain reduced efficacy of dasatinib treatment.
Loss of Ryanodine Receptor 2 impairs neuronal activity-dependent remodeling of dendritic spines and triggers compensatory neuronal hyperexcitability
Authors: Bertan Fabio , Wischhof Lena , Sosulina Liudmila , Mittag Manuel , Dalügge Dennis , Fornarelli Alessandra , Gardoni Fabrizio , Marcello Elena , Di Luca Monica , Fuhrmann Martin , Remy Stefan , Bano Daniele , Nicotera Pierluigi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDendritic spines are postsynaptic domains that shape structural and functional properties of neurons. Upon neuronal activity, Ca2+ transients trigger signaling cascades that determine the plastic remodeling of dendritic spines, which modulate learning and memory. Here, we study in mice the role of the intracellular Ca2+ channel Ryanodine Receptor 2 (RyR2) in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. We demonstrate that loss of RyR2 in pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus impairs maintenance and activity-evoked structural plasticity of dendritic spines during memory acquisition. Furthermore, post-developmental deletion of RyR2 causes loss of excitatory synapses, dendritic sparsification, overcompensatory excitability, network hyperactivity and disruption of spatially tuned place cells. Altogether, our data underpin RyR2 as a link between spine remodeling, circuitry dysfunction and memory acquisition, which closely resemble pathological mechanisms observed in neurodegenerative disorders.
Hybrid plasmonic nano-emitters with controlled single quantum emitter positioning on the local excitation field
Authors: Ge Dandan , Marguet Sylvie , Issa Ali , Jradi Safi , Nguyen Tien Hoa , Nahra Mackrine , Béal Jéremie , Deturche Régis , Chen Hongshi , Blaize Sylvain , Plain Jérôme , Fiorini Céline , Douillard Ludovic , Soppera Olivier , Dinh Xuan Quyen , Dang Cuong , Yang Xuyong , Xu Tao , Wei Bin , Sun Xiao Wei , Couteau Christophe , Bachelot Renaud 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHybrid plasmonic nano-emitters based on the combination of quantum dot emitters (QD) and plasmonic nanoantennas open up new perspectives in the control of light. However, precise positioning of any active medium at the nanoscale constitutes a challenge. Here, we report on the optimal overlap of antenna’s near-field and active medium whose spatial distribution is controlled via a plasmon-triggered 2-photon polymerization of a photosensitive formulation containing QDs. Au nanoparticles of various geometries are considered. The response of these hybrid nano-emitters is shown to be highly sensitive to the light polarization. Different light emission states are evidenced by photoluminescence measurements. These states correspond to polarization-sensitive nanoscale overlap between the exciting local field and the active medium distribution. The decrease of the QD concentration within the monomer formulation allows trapping of a single quantum dot in the vicinity of the Au particle. The latter objects show polarization-dependent switching in the single-photon regime.
A database of human gait performance on irregular and uneven surfaces collected by wearable sensors
Authors: Luo Yue , Coppola Sarah M. , Dixon Philippe C. , Li Song , Dennerlein Jack T. , Hu Boyi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGait analysis has traditionally relied on laborious and lab-based methods. Data from wearable sensors, such as Inertial Measurement Units (IMU), can be analyzed with machine learning to perform gait analysis in real-world environments. This database provides data from thirty participants (fifteen males and fifteen females, 23.5 ± 4.2 years, 169.3 ± 21.5 cm, 70.9 ± 13.9 kg) who wore six IMUs while walking on nine outdoor surfaces with self-selected speed (16.4 ± 4.2 seconds per trial). This is the first publicly available database focused on capturing gait patterns of typical real-world environments, such as grade (up-, down-, and cross-slopes), regularity (paved, uneven stone, grass), and stair negotiation (up and down). As such, the database contains data with only subtle differences between conditions, allowing for the development of robust analysis techniques capable of detecting small, but significant changes in gait mechanics. With analysis code provided, we anticipate that this database will provide a foundation for research that explores machine learning applications for mobile sensing and real-time recognition of subtle gait adaptations.
Combined PLT and NE to predict the prognosis of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Wang Han , Chen Wen-Ming , Zhou Yong-Heng , Shi Jian-Ping , Huang Yue-qing , Wang Wen-Jie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the most common tumors in women. Neutrophils (NEs) and platelets (PLTs) are components of cells in circulating blood. NEs are one of the components of white blood cells (WBCs), accounting for the vast majority of WBCs, recognized as one of the indicators of inflammation. PLTs are associated with thrombosis and inflammation. Both of them play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. According to pre-radiotherapy PLT and NE media levels, we divided the patients into three groups: PLT and NE both high levels group, single high level group and both low group. By using COX regression models and nomogram, a prognostic model for patients was established. Both high levels of pre-radiotherapy PLT and NE group or high levels of post-radiotherapy PLT and NE group were correlated with worst overall survival (OS) compared with the other two groups. PLT and NE were correlated with outcomes of the patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.
Circuit Depth Reduction for Gate-Model Quantum Computers
Authors: Gyongyosi Laszlo , Imre Sandor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractQuantum computers utilize the fundamentals of quantum mechanics to solve computational problems more efficiently than traditional computers. Gate-model quantum computers are fundamental to implement near-term quantum computer architectures and quantum devices. Here, a quantum algorithm is defined for the circuit depth reduction of gate-model quantum computers. The proposed solution evaluates the reduced time complexity equivalent of a reference quantum circuit. We prove the complexity of the quantum algorithm and the achievable reduction in circuit depth. The method provides a tractable solution to reduce the time complexity and physical layer costs of quantum computers.
Propofol suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting NET1 through downregulating ERK/VEGF signaling pathway
Authors: Fei Guoxiong , Cao Meili , Ge Chunlin , Cui Longjiu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of tumor death in China with high mortality since its strong metastatic potential. Currently, treatment against advanced HCC is poorly efficient and thus screening new drugs to prevent the HCC invasion is of great significance to improve the survival rate of patients with HCC. From the results of this study, we concluded that propofol, a widely used anesthetics could prevent the proliferation by MTT assay. The scratch wound and invasion assays showed that migratory property and invasiveness in HCC cells SMMC-7721 was inhibited by propofol. This process was probably mediated by NET1 since NET1 overexpression offset the repressive effect of propofol on the invasiveness and migratory ability of SMMC-7721 cells. Furthermore, propofol treatment also reduced p-ERK1/2 and VEGF level by western blot analysis. Similar observation was found when NET1 was silenced. Thus, the results of this study provided valuable clinical therapy potential of propofol against liver cancer. We also disclosed molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of invasion and migration in HCC cells by NET1.