bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposed protocol for the comparison of virtual to physical health assessments and treatment plans for patients presenting for initial vascular clinic visits
Authors: Mousa Albeir Y , Broce Mike , Duvall Nancy , AbuRahma Ali F 
Published: November 2019

The current manuscript contains a protocol proposal for a prospective research trial comparing virtual vascular clinic visits to actual physical clinic visits. Patient dissatisfaction can increase because of the complexities associated with navigating modern health care systems. It is easy to speculate that some of this dissatisfaction is associated with travel, wait times and other issues that arise during routine clinic visits. The authors of recent studies have demonstrated that it is possible and feasible to conduct many routine visits remotely. It is our belief that virtual health assessments and treatment plans (VHAT) conducted remotely can be as effective, perhaps be more efficient and increase patient satisfaction when compared to regular physical health assessments and treatment plans (PHAT). Physicians want to provide optimal health care; however, in geographically isolated areas such as some locations in West Virginia that can be a challenge. It seems reasonable to believe that monitoring patients with telehealth technology, collecting on-going real time data and conducting VHAT can provide high-quality health care for patients. It can also help to classify health risk, increase patient and medical staff satisfaction, decrease staff time for visits, while at the same time increase the efficiency of the follow-up process. We plan to compare the physician assessments and future treatment plans made using VHAT to those made after PHAT. It is believed that VHAT will be in agreement with those made with PHAT. Aims/objectives: The primary objective of the current project is to compare assessment and future treatment plans for low-risk patients made via VHAT and PHAT visits. A secondary objective is to measure patient and physician satisfaction. Methods  Study hypotheses: 1. There will be good agreement (kappa coefficient ≥ 0.80) between VHAT and PHAT assessments and treatment plans. More specifically, VHAT and PHAT assessments will be used to classify patients into low, moderate and high risk for intervention and there will be good agreement between the two methods. 2. Patient satisfaction will be greater for VHAT as compared to PHAT visits.
Mortality risk comparing walking pace to handgrip strength and a healthy lifestyle: A UK Biobank study
Authors: Zaccardi Francesco , Franks Paul W , Dudbridge Frank , Davies Melanie J , Khunti Kamlesh , Yates Thomas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aims
Brisk walking and a greater muscle strength have been associated with a longer life; whether these associations are influenced by other lifestyle behaviours, however, is less well known.

Methods
Information on usual walking pace (self-defined as slow, steady/average, or brisk), dynamometer-assessed handgrip strength, lifestyle behaviours (physical activity, TV viewing, diet, alcohol intake, sleep and smoking) and body mass index was collected at baseline in 450,888 UK Biobank study participants. We estimated 10-year standardised survival for individual and combined lifestyle behaviours and body mass index across levels of walking pace and handgrip strength.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 7.0 years, 3808 (1.6%) deaths in women and 6783 (3.2%) in men occurred. Brisk walkers had a survival advantage over slow walkers, irrespective of the degree of engagement in other lifestyle behaviours, except for smoking. Estimated 10-year survival was higher in brisk walkers who otherwise engaged in an unhealthy lifestyle compared to slow walkers who engaged in an otherwise healthy lifestyle: 97.1% (95% confidence interval: 96.9–97.3) vs 95.0% (94.6–95.4) in women; 94.8% (94.7–95.0) vs 93.7% (93.3–94.2) in men. Body mass index modified the association between walking pace and survival in men, with the largest survival benefits of brisk walking observed in underweight participants. Compared to walking pace, for handgrip strength there was more overlap in 10-year survival across lifestyle behaviours.

Conclusion
Except for smoking, brisk walkers with an otherwise unhealthy lifestyle have a lower mortality risk than slow walkers with an otherwise healthy lifestyle.
Effect of Chitosan on Mineral Content of Human Tooth After Bleaching: An SEM-EDX Study
Authors: Tosun Samet 
Published: November 2019

Aim and Background: 35% carbamide peroxide can cause adverse effects on the structure and composition of teeth. However, the addition of calcium and fluoride in bleaching agents may reduce enamel demineralization. The aim of the study is to evaluate the chemical changes in a tooth submitted to 35% of carbamide peroxide containing chitosan and carbopol as a carrier system using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). Materials and Methods: 30 freshly extracted anterior teeth were given root canal treatment. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was Opalescence PF (35% carbamide peroxide), group 2 was chitosan with 35% carbamide peroxide, and group 3 was a control group (no treatment). All canals were filled with 0.06 tapered gutta-percha and AH-plus sealer. Then, intracoronal bleaching was applied. SEM-EDX analysis was performed to determine whether bleaching procedures changed the mineral content of the tooth. While SEM-EDX analysis, the tooth was analyzed based on elemental content and elemental distribution from standardized points under 300× magnification. Statistical analysis was performed with one way analysis of variance. Results: There was no significant difference in C, O, Na, P, Mg, K, and S values and the Ca/P ratio obtained by SEM-EDX analysis among groups ( P > .05), whereas the Ca level was significantly lower in Opalescence PF group than the control group ( P < .05). Conclusions: The results of this study show that chitosan does not cause mineral loss and dissolution in the inorganic content of a tooth. Thus, chitosan can be used as an alternative carrier system in the bleaching agent.
More precisely defining risk peri-HCT in pediatric ALL: pre- vs post-MRD measures, serial positivity, and risk modeling
Authors: Bader Peter , Salzmann-Manrique Emilia , Balduzzi Adriana , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Woolfrey Ann E. , Bar Merav , Verneris Michael R. , Borowitz Michael J. , Shah Nirali N. , Gossai Nathan , Shaw Peter J. , Chen Allen R. , Schultz Kirk R. , Kreyenberg Hermann , Di Maio Lucia , Cazzaniga Gianni , Eckert Cornelia , van der Velden Vincent H. J. , Sutton Rosemary , Lankester Arjan , Peters Christina , Klingebiel Thomas E. , Willasch Andre M. , Grupp Stephan A. , Pulsipher Michael A. 
Published: November 2019

Key PointsLow or nondetectable MRD pre-HCT leads to similar outcomes, suggesting that MRD negativity is not an absolute prerequisite for HCT. MRD post-HCT is more important than pre-HCT, and monitoring with sensitive techniques can detect very high-risk patients early.
Overexpression of WT1 and PRAME predicts poor outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes with thrombocytopenia
Authors: Huang Qiu-Sha , Wang Jing-Zhi , Qin Ya-Zhen , Zeng Qiao-Zhu , Jiang Qian , Jiang Hao , Lu Jin , Liu Hui-Xin , Liu Yi , Wang Jing-Bo , Su Li , Zhang Hong-Yu , Li Zhen-Ling , Gao Su-Jun , Huang Bo , Liu Yu-Ying , Liu Yan-Rong , Xu Lan-Ping , Huang Xiao-Jun , Zhang Xiao-Hui 
Published: November 2019

Key Points
Overexpression of WT1 and PRAME are common in MDS patients with thrombocytopenia. Both are independent poor prognostic factor for outcome. The evaluation of WT1/PRAME transcript analysis can better risk-stratify the patients, thus guiding individualized treatment.
Transcriptome responses to different herbivores reveal differences in defense strategies between populations of Eruca sativa
Authors: Ogran Ariel , Faigenboim Adi , Barazani Oz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntraspecific variations among induced responses might lead to understanding of adaptive variations in defense strategies against insects. We employed RNA-Seq transcriptome screening to elucidate the molecular basis for phenotypic differences between two populations ofEruca sativa(Brassicaceae), in defense against larvae of the generalist and specialist insects,Spodoptera littoralisandPieris brassicae, respectively. TheE. sativapopulations originated from desert and Mediterranean sites, where the plants grow in distinct habitats.ResultsResponses to elicitation of the plants’ defenses against wounding and insect herbivory resulted in more upregulated transcripts in plants of the Mediterranean population than in those of the desert. PCA analysis differentiated between the two populations and between the elicitation treatments. Comprehensive analysis indicated that defense responses involved induction of the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways in plants of the desert and Mediterranean populations, respectively. In general, the defense response involved upregulation of the aliphatic glucosinolates pathway in plants of the Mediterranean population, whereas herbivory caused downregulation of this pathway in desert plants. Further quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that defense response in the desert plants involved higher expression of nitrile-specifier protein (NSP) than in the Mediterranean plants, suggesting that in the desert plants glucosinolates breakdown products are directed to simple-nitriles rather than to the more toxic isothiocyanates. In addition, the defense response in plants of the desert population involved upregulation of flavonoid synthesis and sclerophylly.ConclusionsThe results indicated that differing defense responses in plants of the two populations are governed by different signaling cascades. We suggest that adaptive ecotypic differentiation in defense strategies could result from generalist and specialist herbivore pressures in the Mediterranean and desert populations, respectively. Moreover, the defense responses in plants of the desert habitat, which include upregulation of mechanical defenses, also could be associated with their dual role in defense against both biotic and abiotic stresses.
Analysis of five deep-sequenced trio-genomes of the Peninsular Malaysia Orang Asli and North Borneo populations
Authors: Deng Lian , Lou Haiyi , Zhang Xiaoxi , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Lu Dongsheng , Marshall Christian R. , Liu Chang , Xie Bo , Xu Wanxing , Wong Lai-Ping , Yew Chee-Wei , Farhang Aghakhanian , Ong Rick Twee-Hee , Hoque Mohammad Zahirul , Thuhairah Abdul Rahman , Jong Bhak , Phipps Maude E. , Scherer Stephen W. , Teo Yik-Ying , Kumar Subbiah Vijay , Hoh Boon-Peng , Xu Shuhua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecent advances in genomic technologies have facilitated genome-wide investigation of human genetic variations. However, most efforts have focused on the major populations, yet trio genomes of indigenous populations from Southeast Asia have been under-investigated.ResultsWe analyzed the whole-genome deep sequencing data (~ 30×) of five native trios from Peninsular Malaysia and North Borneo, and characterized the genomic variants, including single nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions and deletions (indels) and copy number variants (CNVs). We discovered approximately 6.9 million SNVs, 1.2 million indels, and 9000 CNVs in the 15 samples, of which 2.7% SNVs, 2.3% indels and 22% CNVs were novel, implying the insufficient coverage of population diversity in existing databases. We identified a higher proportion of novel variants in the Orang Asli (OA) samples, i.e., the indigenous people from Peninsular Malaysia, than that of the North Bornean (NB) samples, likely due to more complex demographic history and long-time isolation of the OA groups. We used the pedigree information to identify de novo variants and estimated the autosomal mutation rates to be 0.81 × 10− 8– 1.33 × 10− 8, 1.0 × 10− 9– 2.9 × 10− 9, and ~ 0.001 per site per generation for SNVs, indels, and CNVs, respectively. The trio-genomes also allowed for haplotype phasing with high accuracy, which serves as references to the future genomic studies of OA and NB populations. In addition, high-frequency inherited CNVs specific to OA or NB were identified. One example is a 50-kb duplication inDEFA1Bdetected only in the Negrito trios, implying plausible effects on host defense against the exposure of diverse microbial in tropical rainforest environment of these hunter-gatherers. The CNVs shared between OA and NB groups were much fewer than those specific to each group. Nevertheless, we identified a 142-kb duplication inAMY1Ain all the 15 samples, and this gene is associated with the high-starch diet. Moreover, novel insertions shared with archaic hominids were identified in our samples.ConclusionOur study presents a full catalogue of the genome variants of the native Malaysian populations, which is a complement of the genome diversity in Southeast Asians. It implies specific population history of the native inhabitants, and demonstrated the necessity of more genome sequencing efforts on the multi-ethnic native groups of Malaysia and Southeast Asia.
Comparative acetylome analysis reveals the potential roles of lysine acetylation for DON biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Zhou Shanyue , Wu Chunlan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Fusarium graminearum is a destructive fungal pathogen of wheat, barley and other small grain cereals. During plant infection, the pathogen produces trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), which is harmful to human and livestock. FgGCN5 encodes a GCN5 acetyltransferase. The gene deletion mutant Fggcn5 failed to produce DON. We assumed that lysine acetylation might play a key regulatory role in DON biosynthesis in the fungus.

Results
In this study, the acetylome comparison between Fggcn5 mutant and wild-type strain PH-1 was performed by using affinity enrichment and high resolution LC-MS/MS analysis. Totally, 1875 acetylated proteins were identified in Fggcn5 mutant and PH-1. Among them, 224 and 267 acetylated proteins were identified exclusively in Fggcn5 mutant and PH-1, respectively. Moreover, 95 differentially acetylated proteins were detected at a significantly different level in the gene deletion mutant:43 were up-regulated and 52 were down-regulated. GO enrichment and KEGG-pathways enrichment analyses revealed that acetylation plays a key role in metabolism process in F. graminearum.

Conclusions
Seeing that the gens playing critical roles in DON biosynthesis either in Fggcn5 mutant or PH-1. Therefore, we can draw the conclusion that the regulatory roles of lysine acetylation in DON biosynthesis in F. graminearum results from the positive and negative regulation of the related genes. The study would be a foundation to insight into the regulatory mechanism of lysine acetylation on DON biosynthesis.
Intergenomic gene transfer in diploid and allopolyploid Gossypium
Authors: Zhao Nan , Grover Corrinne E. , Chen Zhiwen , Wendel Jonathan F. , Hua Jinping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntergenomic gene transfer (IGT) between nuclear and organellar genomes is a common phenomenon during plant evolution.Gossypiumis a useful model to evaluate the genomic consequences of IGT for both diploid and polyploid species. Here, we explore IGT among nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid genomes of four cotton species, including two allopolyploids and their model diploid progenitors (genome donors,G. arboreum: A2andG. raimondii: D5).ResultsExtensive IGT events exist for both diploid and allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium) species, with the nuclear genome being the predominant recipient of transferred DNA followed by the mitochondrial genome. The nuclear genome has integrated 100 times more foreign sequences than the mitochondrial genome has in total length. In the nucleus, the integrated length of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) was between 1.87 times (in diploids) to nearly four times (in allopolyploids) greater than that of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In the mitochondrion, the length of nuclear DNA (nuDNA) was typically three times than that of cpDNA.Gossypiummitochondrial genomes integrated three nuclear retrotransposons and eight chloroplast tRNA genes, and incorporated chloroplast DNA prior to divergence between the diploids and allopolyploid formation. For mitochondrial chloroplast-tRNA genes, there were 2-6 bp conserved microhomologies flanking their insertion sites across distantly related genera, which increased to 10 bp microhomologies for the four cotton species studied. For organellar DNA sequences, there are source hotspots, e.g., theatp6-trnWintergenic region in the mitochondrion and the inverted repeat region in the chloroplast. Organellar DNAs in the nucleus were rarely expressed, and at low levels. Surprisingly, there was asymmetry in the survivorship of ancestral insertions following allopolyploidy, with mostnumts(nuclear mitochondrial insertions) decaying or being lost whereas mostnupts(nuclear plastidial insertions) were retained.ConclusionsThis study characterized and compared intracellular transfer among nuclear and organellar genomes within two cultivated allopolyploids and their ancestral diploid cotton species. A striking asymmetry in the fate of IGTs in allopolyploid cotton was discovered, withnumtsbeing preferentially lost relative tonupts.Our results connect intergenomic gene transfer with allotetraploidy and provide new insight into intracellular genome evolution.
Human gastric magnet-controlled capsule endoscopy conducted in a standing position: the phase 1 study
Authors: Cheng Chun-sheng , Sun Ting-ji , Zhang Hou-de 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Current magnet-controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) for the stomach is not yet satisfactory with respect to navigation control, especially in the gastric fundus and cardia. A newly developed MCE system conducted in a standing rather than supine position may improve capsule maneuverability within the stomach. The aim of this phase 1 study was to assess the feasibility and safety of this system for examining the human stomach in healthy volunteers.

Methods
A cohort of 31 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Each swallowed a capsule after drinking water and gas producing agents intended to produce distention. Under the newly developed standing MCE system, subjects were examined endoscopically while standing with external guide magnets placed on the abdominal wall and left lower chest. Safety, gastric preparation, maneuverability, visualization of anatomical landmarks and the gastric mucosa, and examination time were the primary parameters assessed. The gastric preparation and examination procedures were well accepted by the subjects and there were no adverse events.

Results
Gastric examination took 27.8 ± 8.3 min (12–45 min). Gastric cleanliness was good in 24 participants (77.4%) and moderate in 7 participants (22.6%). Gastric distention was good in all of 31 participants (100%). Capsule maneuverability was also graded as good in all 31 subjects (100%), and manipulation in the fundus and cardia regions was as easy as that in the antrum and body. Visualization of the gastric cardia, fundus, body, angulus, antrum and pylorus was assessed subjectively as complete in all 31 subjects (100%). Visualization of the gastric mucosa was also good (> 75%) in all 31 subjects (100%). In areas where the mucosa could not be visualized, the low visibility was due to opaque fluid or foam. Polyps and erosive lesions were found in 25 subjects.

Conclusion
MCE of the stomach conducted in a standing position is feasible and safe with satisfactory maneuverability.
Clinical manifestations and multi-slice computed tomography characteristics of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas between males and females
Authors: Shi Shuguang , Zhou Ying , Hu Chunhong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Solid-pseudo papillary neoplasms of pancreas (SPNP) are rare in men and are often misdiagnosed. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) features of patients with SPNP, and examine the differences between males and females.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, the clinical and imaging data of 29 patients with histolopathologically confirmed SPNP (seven males and 22 females) that underwent radical resection, and underwent preoperative MSCT at the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang between August 2010 and December 2018 were collected. All MSCT images were reviewed by two radiologists; disagreements were ruled by a third one.

Results
The median age of the 29 patients with SPNP was 30 (range, 12–70) years. The male patients were older than the female patients [median, 56 (28–66) vs. 29 (12–70), P = 0.012]. The median tumor size was 3.9 (range, 2.0–6.4) cm in the male SPNP patients, which was significantly lower than the 7.0 (range, 4.6–14.6) cm in the female patients (P < 0.001). The calcification rate of the SPNP was significantly higher in male than in female patients (P = 0.013). The percentage of solid tumor was higher in males than in females (P = 0.036). Capsule, bleeding, and enhancement in the arterial and venous phases were not significantly different between the male and female patients (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion
The imaging features of male SPNP are distinct from those of female patients. In males with pancreatic lesions, MSCT generally shows relatively small lesions with higher percentages of solid components and calcification, with typical enhancement suggesting SPNP.
Primary low grade myxofibrosarcoma of the liver with benign presentation but malignant outcome: a case report
Authors: Shao Zigong , Jiao Baoping , Yu Juanhan , Liu Hao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is most often found on the limbs of aged male people, but extremely uncommon in the liver.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old female patient with a liver mass was diagnosed as a primary MFS. It had no obvious abdominal symptoms, and the tumor was resected with an extended margin. Three years after the surgery, the patient was readmitted for peritoneal metastasis and passed away 4 months later. The tumor has a benign presentation, but malignant outcome.

Conclusions
Comprehensive radiological inspection, intensive preoperative evaluation, careful design of operating procedures, wide margin resection, consecutive treatment, and strict periodical follow-ups should be taken to ensure a better prognosis of this kind of neoplastic disease.