bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed‐ratio combination (iGlarLixi) compared with premix or addition of meal‐time insulin to basal insulin in people with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta‐analysis
Authors: Home Philip , Blonde Lawrence , Kalra Sanjay , Ji Linong , Guyot Patricia , Brulle‐Wohlhueter Claire , Murray Erin , Shah Roshan , Sayre Toby , Shaunik Alka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy and safety of iGlarLixi, a fixed‐ratio combination of insulin glargine 100 U/mL and lixisenatide, relative to premix insulin and other insulin options through network meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic literature search identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing iGlarLixi, premix insulin or basal insulin (BI) in combination with meal‐time insulin, in people inadequately controlled with BI. Eligible RCTs were compared using Bayesian network meta‐analysis.ResultsEight RCTs, some open‐label, involving 3538 participants, with a study duration of 24‐30 weeks were included. The estimated difference in HbA1c reduction with iGlarLixi compared with premix insulin was −0.50%‐units (95% credible interval: −0.93 to −0.06) with 98% probability of iGlarLixi being superior to premix. Estimates for iGlarLixi versus meal‐time + BI (thrice‐daily meal‐time insulin + basal) and basal‐plus (once‐daily meal‐time insulin + BI) were −0.35 (−0.89 to +0.13)%‐units and −0.68 (−1.18 to −0.17)%‐units with probabilities of real difference of 94% and 99%, respectively. Safety outcome analysis suggested that iGlarLixi had lower rates of both confirmed and documented symptomatic hypoglycaemia compared with premix insulin (probabilities of 85% and 93%, respectively) and lower weight gain (probability 98%).ConclusionsiGlarLixi showed similar or improved efficacy and safety versus other intensification choices from BI included in this study, providing a clinically relevant treatment option in people with type 2 diabetes not well controlled on BI.
The Potential Impact of COVID‐19 on Student Learning and How Schools Can Respond
Authors: Wyse Adam E. , Stickney Eric M. , Butz David , Beckler Amanda , Close Catherine N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is no denying the impact that the coronravirus disease (COVID‐19) outbreak has had on many aspects of our lives. This article looks at the potential impact of COVID‐19 on student learning as schools abruptly morphed into virtual learning environments using data from several instructional, practice, and assessment solutions offered by Renaissance. First, three hypothetical learning scenarios are considered using normative data from Star assessments to explore the potential impact on reading and math test performace. Next, data on Focus Skills are used to highlight which grades may have missed the most foundational math and reading content if instruction was stopped or reduced. Last, data from two of Renaissance's practice tools are used to evaluate whether students were practicing key skills following school closures. The article concludes that academic decline will likely occur but may be tempered by the increased use of practice tools; effects may look different for math and reading; and may impact grades and schools differently. As such, schools may need to leverage decision‐making frameworks, such as the Multi‐tiered Systems of Support/Response‐to‐Intervention (MTSS/RTI) framework, more than ever to identify needs and target instruction where it matters most when school begins in fall 2020.
Low plasma 25(OH) vitamin D level is associated with increased risk of COVID‐19 infection: an Israeli population‐based study
Authors: Merzon Eugene , Tworowski Dmitry , Gorohovski Alessandro , Vinker Shlomo , Golan Cohen Avivit , Green Ilan , Frenkel‐Morgenstern Milana 
Published: July 2020

Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations of plasma 25(OH)D levels with the likelihood of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection and hospitalization. The study population included the 14 000 members of Leumit Health Services, who were tested for COVID‐19 infection from February 1st to April 30th, 2020, and who had at least one previous blood test for the plasma 25(OH)D level. ‘Suboptimal’ or ‘low’ plasma 25(OH)D level was defined as plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, or 25(OH)D, concentration below the level of 30 ng/mL. Of 7807 individuals, 782 (10.02%) were COVID‐19‐positive, and 7025 (89.98%) COVID‐19‐negative. The mean plasma vitamin D level was significantly lower among those who tested positive than negative for COVID‐19 [19.00 ng/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.41–19.59) vs. 20.55 (95% CI: 20.32–20.78)]. Univariate analysis demonstrated an association between the low plasma 25(OH)D level and increased likelihood of COVID‐19 infection [crude odds ratio (OR) of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.24–2.01, P < 0.001)], and of hospitalization due to the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus [crude OR of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.01–4.30, P < 0.05)]. In multivariate analyses that controlled for demographic variables, and psychiatric and somatic disorders, the adjusted OR of COVID‐19 infection [1.45 (95% CI: 1.08–1.95, P < 0.001)] and of hospitalization due to the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus [1.95 (95% CI: 0.98–4.845, P = 0.061)] were preserved. In the multivariate analyses, age over 50 years, male gender and low–medium socioeconomic status were also positively associated with the risk of COVID‐19 infection; age over 50 years was positively associated with the likelihood of hospitalization due to COVID‐19. We concluded that low plasma 25(OH)D levels appear to be an independent risk factor for COVID‐19 infection and hospitalization.
Benthic habitat is an integral part of freshwater Mysis ecology
Authors: Stockwell Jason D. , O’Malley Brian P. , Hansson Sture , Chapina Rosaura J. , Rudstam Lars G. , Weidel Brian C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Diel vertical migration (DVM) is common in aquatic organisms. The trade‐off between reduced predation risk in deeper, darker waters during the day and increased foraging opportunities closer to the surface at night is a leading hypothesis for DVM behaviour.

Diel vertical migration behaviour has dominated research and assessment frameworks for Mysis, an omnivorous mid‐trophic level macroinvertebrate that exhibits strong DVM between benthic and pelagic habitats and plays key roles in many deep lake ecosystems. However, some historical literature and more recent evidence indicate that mysids also remain on the bottom at night, counter to expectations of DVM.

We surveyed the freshwater Mysis literature using Web of Science (WoS; 1945–2019) to quantify the frequency of studies on demographics, diets, and feeding experiments that considered, assessed, or included Mysis that did not migrate vertically but remained in benthic habitats. We supplemented our WoS survey with literature searches for relevant papers published prior to 1945, journal articles and theses not listed in WoS, and additional references known to the authors but missing from WoS (e.g. only 47% of the papers used to evaluate in situ diets were identified by WoS).

Results from the survey suggest that relatively little attention has been paid to the benthic components of Mysis ecology. Moreover, the literature suggests that reliance on Mysis sampling protocols using pelagic gear at night provides an incomplete picture of Mysis populations and their role in ecosystem structure and function.

We summarise current knowledge of Mysis DVM and provide an expanded framework that more fully considers the role of benthic habitat. Acknowledging benthic habitat as an integral part of Mysis ecology will enable research to better understand the role of Mysis in food web processes.
Fermentation and aerobic stability of Napier grass silage treated with different levels of citric acid residue
Authors: Tao Xuxiong , Chen Sifan , Zhao Jie , Wang Siran , Li Junfeng , Sun Fuxin , Shao Tao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of citric acid residue (CAR) on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of Napier grass. Napier grass was ensiled with no additives control (CON), 1.2% CAR (C1), 3.6% CAR (C2) and 6.0% CAR (C3) on a fresh weight basis in laboratory silos for 3, 6, 9, 15 and 45 days. After opening the silos, the silages were subjected to analyzing the chemical and microbial compositions, and the residual silages ensiled for 45 days were evaluated for aerobic stability. Addition of CAR increased lactic acid/acetic acid, dry matter, lactic acid and water‐soluble carbohydrate contents, and decreased pH, acetic acid, ammonia nitrogen (NH3‐N), neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and cellulose contents as compared to the control. At the day 45 of ensiling, the C2 and C3 silages showed higher lactic acid contents and lactic acid/acetic acid, and lower NH3‐N and acetic acid contents than these of C1 silages. There was no significant difference in the aerobic stability between CAR‐treated silages and the control. Application of CAR effectively improved the fermentation quality of Napier grass, but had no obvious effects on the improvement of aerobic stability. In conclusion, application of CAR at the level of 3.6% or 6.0% is recommended for Napier grass silage making.
Simulation of Lake‐Groundwater Interaction under Steady‐State Flow
Authors: Lu Chuiyu , Zhang Bo , He Xin , Cao Guoliang , Sun Qingyan , Yan Lingjia , Qin Tao , Li Tianchen , Li Zepeng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMODFLOW is one of the most popular groundwater simulation tools available; however, the development of lake modules that can be coupled with MODFLOW is lacking apart from the LAK3 package. This study proposes a new approach for simulating lake‐groundwater interaction under steady‐state flow, referred to as the sloping lakebed method (SLM). In this new approach, discretization of the lakebed in the vertical direction is independent of the spatial discretization of the aquifer system, which can potentially solve the problem that the lake and groundwater are usually simulated at different scales. The lakebed is generalized by a slant at the bottom of each lake grid cell, which can be classified as fully submerged, dry, and partly submerged. The SLM method accounts for all lake sources and sinks, establishing a governing equation that can be solved using Newton's method. A benchmarking case study was conducted using a modified model setup in the LAK3 user manual. It was found that when there is a sufficient number of layers at the top of the groundwater model, SLM simulates an almost identical groundwater head as the LAK3‐based model; when the number of layers decreases, SLM is unaffected while LAK3 may be at a risk of giving unrealistic results. Additionally, the SLM can reflect the relationship between the simulated lake surface area and lake water depth more accurately. Therefore, the SLM method is a promising alternative to the LAK3 package when simulating lake‐groundwater interaction.
Successful correction of factor V deficiency of patient‐derived iPSCs by CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing
Authors: Nakamura Takayuki , Morishige Satoshi , Ozawa Hidetoshi , Kuboyama Kenji , Yamasaki Yoshitaka , Oya Shuki , Yamaguchi Maki , Aoyama Kazutoshi , Seki Ritsuko , Mouri Fumihiko , Osaki Koichi , Okamura Takashi , Mizuno Shinichi , Nagafuji Koji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundFactor V (FV) deficiency is a monogenic inherited coagulation disorder considered to be an ideal indication for gene therapy. To investigate the possibility of therapeutic application of genome editing, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a FV‐deficient patient and repaired the mutation of factor V gene (F5) using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated 9 (Cas9).MethodsThe patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells were reprogrammed for iPSCs. The targeting vector was designed with homology arms against F5 containing the corrected sequence. Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex and targeting vector were electroporated into iPSCs. Gene‐edited iPSCs were differentiated into hepatocyte‐like cells (HLCs).ResultsThe mutation of F5 in patient‐derived iPSCs was repaired by CRISPR/Cas9. In concentrated culture supernatants of patient‐derived iPS‐HLCs, neither FV antigen nor activity was detected, while in those of gene‐corrected iPS‐HLCs, FV antigen and specific activity were 67.0 ± 13.1 ng/mL and 173.2 ± 41.1 U/mg, respectively.ConclusionsWe successfully repaired the mutation of F5 using the CRISPR/Cas9 and confirmed the recovery of FV activity with gene‐corrected iPS‐HLCs. Gene‐edited iPSCs are promising for elucidating the pathophysiology as well as for a modality of gene therapy.
Covering patient’s perspective in case‐based critical review articles to improve shared decision making in complex cases
Authors: Salmi Louis‐Rachid , Côté Pierre , Cedraschi Christine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe patient has always been at the centre of the evidence‐based medicine model. Case‐based critical reviews, such as best‐evidence topics, however, are incomplete reflections of the evidence‐based medicine philosophy, because they fail to consider the patient's perspective. We propose a new framework, called the ‘Shared Decision Evidence Summary’ (ShaDES), where the patient's perspective on available treatment options is explicitly included.MethodsOur framework is grounded in the critical appraisal of a clinical scenario, and the development of a clinical question, including patient characteristics, compared options and outcomes to be improved. Answers to the clinical question are informed by the literature, the evaluation of its quality and its potential usefulness to the clinical scenario. Finally, the evidence synthesis is presented to the patient to facilitate the formulation of an evidence‐informed decision about the treatment options.Key resultsUsing three similar but contrasted clinical scenarios of patients with low back pain, we illustrate how considering the patient's preferences on the proposed treatment options impact the bottom line, a synthetic formulation of the answer to the focused question. ShaDES includes clinical and psychosocial components, transformed in a searchable question, with a full search strategy.ConclusionsShaDES is a practical framework that may facilitate clinical decisions adapted to psychological, social and other relevant non‐clinical characteristics of patients.
Gastric neuroendocrine tumours from long‐term proton pump inhibitor users are indolent tumours with good prognosis
Authors: Trinh Vincent Q‐H , Shi Chanjuan , Ma Changqing 
Published: July 2020

AimsProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used medications in the United States. Most PPI users have persistent hypergastrinaemia during treatment. However, gastric neuroendocrine tumours diagnosed in long‐term PPI users are rarely reported. Their clinicopathological features and prognosis are not characterised. It remains unclear whether or not they can be classified as Type III sporadic tumours.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively characterised 66 gastric neuroendocrine tumours from patients without atrophic gastritis and gastrinoma from two tertiary care medical centres, including 38 tumours in patients who had used PPIs for at least 1 year and 28 tumours from patients without long‐term PPI use (control group, Type III tumours). Compared to controls, tumours from long‐term PPI users tended to be in the pT1–2 category (98% versus 79%, P = 0.09) and less often invaded the serosa (3% versus 18%, P = 0.08) or lymphovascular spaces (11% versus 32%, P = 0.06). Using Kaplan–Meier analysis, long‐term PPI users had significantly longer overall survival than controls (P = 0.035). While three control patients developed distant metastasis and seven died, long‐term PPI users were without distant metastasis (P = 0.06) or death (P = 0.002) during follow‐up. However, five long‐term PPI users developed additional gastric neuroendocrine tumour(s), while none of the controls did (P = 0.07).ConclusionsOur results show that gastric neuroendocrine tumours of long‐term PPI users are probably less aggressive compared to Type III sporadic tumours and have an indolent disease course. Our findings support the classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumours in long‐term PPI users as a separate subtype.
Association analysis of miR‐499 rs3746444 gene polymorphism with periodontitis
Authors: Kaarthikeyan Gurumoorthy , Jayakumar Nadathur Doraisamy , Anand Balakrishnan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The innate immune mechanism plays a significant role in the aetiopathogenesis of periodontal destruction. The innate immune signalling molecular factors are regulated by small noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs). miR‐499 targets many inflammatory cytokine gene mRNAs and has been associated with many inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are found to be genetic factors of periodontitis. Not much information is available on miRNA SNP and periodontitis. Thus, the aim of the present study was to find the association of miR‐499 rs3746444 gene polymorphism with chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis and healthy controls.Materials and methodsThis is a case–control study and includes 80 aggressive periodontitis cases, 81 chronic periodontitis cases and 167 healthy controls. DNA extraction was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes, and the PCR amplification of rs3746444 region of miR‐499 gene was done. The amplified products were restriction‐digested using the enzyme Bcl1. The restriction‐digested products were analysed by electrophoresis on a 3% agarose gel.ResultsOur study results showed no significant association of genotypes of miR‐499 rs3746444 with chronic periodontitis (OR 0.91, CI = 0.39–2.01 and p = .813) and aggressive periodontitis in this study population (OR 0.38, CI = 0.12–1.02 and p = .054). The C allele of rs3746444 could be a protective allele in the susceptibility to aggressive periodontitis (OR 0.64; 95% CI = 0.42–0.99; p = .043). There was no significant association of chronic periodontitis as far as miR‐499 rs3746444 genotypes were concerned.ConclusionOur study concludes that there is no significant association of miR‐499 rs3746444 polymorphism with periodontitis in this study population.
Clinical and hematological characteristics of 88 patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Zhang Hongmei , Cao Xiaocui , Kong Man , Mao Xiaoli , Huang Lifeng , He Panwen , Pan Shiyao , Li Jin , Lu Zhongxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionTo retrospectively analyze epidemiological, clinical and hematological characteristics of COVID‐19 patients.MethodsThe demographic, symptoms, and physiological parameters of 88 patients were collected and analyzed. The performance of complete blood count (CBC) indexes for monitoring and predicting the severity of COVID‐19 in patients was evaluated by analyzing and comparing CBC results among different COVID‐19 patient groups.ResultsWhite blood cells (WBCs), the neutrophil percentage (Neu%), absolute neutrophil count (Neu#), and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in the critical group than in the other three groups (P < .05), while the lymphocyte percentage (Lym%), monocyte percentage (Mon%), lymphocyte count (Lym#), and lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR) were significantly lower in the critical group than in the other three groups (P < .05). WBCs, the Neu%, Neu#, NLR, and neutrophil‐to‐monocyte ratio (NMR) were significantly higher in the severe group than in the mild and moderate groups (P < .05), while the Lym% was significantly lower in the severe group than in the mild and moderate groups (P < .05). The Mon%, Lym#, and LMR were significantly lower in the severe group than in the moderate group (P < .05). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to differentiate severe and nonsevere patients, the areas under the curve (AUCs) for the NLR, Neu%, and Lym% were 0.733, 0.732, and 0.730, respectively. When differentiating critical patients from noncritical patients, the AUCs for the NLR, Neu%, and Lym% were 0.832, 0.831, and 0.831.ConclusionsThe NLR is valuable for differentiating and predicting patients who will become critical within 4 weeks after the onset of COVID‐19.
The moderation effect of locus of control on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses
Authors: Bani‐Hani Manar Ali , Hamdan‐Mansour Ayman M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundJob demand and job satisfaction in nursing profession have been identified as significant indicators of quality of nursing care. Job demand is the most influential job stressor and has been connected to negative consequences on nurses' ability to function.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of work locus of control on the relationship between job demand and job satisfaction among nurses working at public hospitals.MethodsA quantitative, cross‐sectional, correlational design was utilized to randomly recruit 427 registered nurses working at two major public hospitals. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire regarding job demand, job satisfaction and work locus of control.ResultsWork locus of control had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between job demand and satisfaction. External locus of control had a negative effect on the job demand and job satisfaction relationship, whereas internal locus of control positively buffered this correlation.ConclusionThis study adds a novel contribution to the body of knowledge that buffering effect of job demand among nurses is much dependent on appropriately enhancing internal locus of control, consequently improving job satisfaction.
Relations between patient and staff member characteristics and staff member injury on a psychiatric inpatient unit for children with intellectual or developmental disabilities
Authors: Romani Patrick W. , Ariefdjohan Merlin , Jensen Gaffey Lyndsay L. , Torres‐Dominguez Maria , Lister Jada 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProblemStaff member injuries are a pervasive and long‐standing problem for psychiatric inpatient units.MethodThe current study analyzed the prevalence of staff member injury and characteristics of patients that injured staff on a specialized psychiatric unit for children with intellectual or developmental disabilities. We evaluated staffing patterns as well as characteristics of patients (e.g., diagnoses, body mass index) between 2016 and 2018. This time period was selected because it represented an approximately equal period before and after the introduction of a new clinical model that incorporated applied behavior analysis (ABA) and other safety‐related practices (e.g., personal protective equipment).FindingsDuring this study period, there were 110 cases of staff injuries caused by 42 patients. Injuries were most likely to occur during physical management of a patient engaging in aggressive behavior, but less so when strategies requiring less physical contact were implemented. The frequency of staff injury was also significantly related to patients' diagnoses, particularly those exhibiting aggressive behavior and diagnosed with moderate‐to‐severe intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder.ConclusionsRobust staff training incorporating the principles of ABA and the provision of other safety‐related resources can be integrated to clinical guidelines to promote the safety of staff practicing in psychiatric inpatient units.