bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression Profile of EMT-related Genes and miRNAs Involved in Signal Transduction via the Wnt Pathway and Cadherins in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zmarzły Nikola , Hermyt Ewelina , Kruszniewska-Rajs Celina , Gola Joanna , Witek Andrzej , Mazurek Urszula , Ostenda Aleksander , Boroń Dariusz 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a molecular reprogramming
that leads to an increased ability to migrate, which can promote invasion and metastasis. EMT can
be initiated in response to the activity of signaling pathways such as Wnt as well as miRNAs.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to determine the expression profile of EMT-related genes involved
in signal transduction via the Wnt pathway and cadherins and to assess which miRNAs can
participate in the regulation of their expression.

Methods:
The study material consisted of 50 endometrial samples: 40 with diagnosed endometrial
cancer and 10 without neoplastic changes. The expression profile of EMT-related genes was assessed
with microarrays and validated by RT-qPCR. MicroRNA expression profiling was performed
using microarrays. It was also determined which miRNAs may participate in the expression regulation
of EMT-related genes.

Results:
CDH1 overexpression was observed in all three endometrial cancer grades using both
mRNA microarrays and RT-qPCR. The microarray experiment showed a decrease in CDH2 level
regardless of the endometrial cancer grade, however, it was only partially validated with RT-qPCR.
Low levels of WNT2, WNT4, WNT5A have also been observed. Decreased expression of WNT2 and
WNT5A may be caused by miR-331-3p and miR-200b-5p, respectively.

Conclusions:
The Wnt signaling is disrupted in endometrial cancer, which may be due to miR-331-3p and miR-200b-5p
activity. In addition, a change in WNT5A level in endometrial cancer compared to control may indicate that it acts as a
suppressor gene and that its low expression is associated with tumor progression.
Study on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours About AIDS Among Undergraduates of China
Authors: Zhao Cong , Xiang Xiaochen , Guo Kaiwen , Liu Xiaoliu , Cao Jue , Li Chengfeng , Wang Qiang 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The prevention of AIDS among undergraduates in Wuhan is a public
health priority. An important strategy for students to prevent AIDS is to establish correct moral concepts
and cultivate a healthy lifestyle.

Introduction:
Through the investigation of MSM and non-MSM population in college students,
this study seeks for possible influencing factors and solutions for AIDS prevention in colleges and
universities.

Methods:
This study was inducted in the 15 universities in Wuhan. 127 MSM students were recruited by peer promotion, and
510 non-MSM students were selected by cluster random sampling. The two groups were investigated by anonymous
questionnaire, and the questionnaire information was statistically analyzed.

Results:
The awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge among MSM students was 90.8%, while
that among non-MSM students, it was 64.6%; neither meets the national requirements. The self-
-recognition of MSM undergraduates was 95.0%. Among the 497 non-MSM undergraduates,
65.4% were willing to make friends with the MSM undergraduates. There were statistical differences
in the social discrimination attitudes of those who knew AIDS-related knowledge (P<0.01),
and the attitudes of those with knowledge of AIDS were more positive.

Conclusion:
The MSM students reported a high incidence of high-risk sexual behaviors and a gap
between knowledge and behaviors. This study focuses on the comparison of the characteristics of
knowledge, attitude, and behavior on AIDS between the two groups of people. AIDS prevention in
colleges and universities requires a new way of thinking.
The Significance of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) in SARSCov- 2 Infection and COVID-19
Authors: Restini Carolina , Belavek Trevor , Bernal Rafael , Ibrahim Vanessa , Irwin Kelly , Kim Minjung , Merlo Courtney 
Published: December 2020

:
The new coronavirus was first reported in 2019 (China) and officially announced by the
World Health Organization as a pandemic in March 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the pneumonia-associated illnesses and shares
structural homology with the related Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-
-1). One of the mechanisms for SARS-Cov-1 and -2 infection is mediated by the angiotensin-converting
enzyme-2 (ACE2) cell receptor, enabling the virus to enter the host cells. ACE2 is an isoform
of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE). The actions of ACE2 counterbalance the classic
renin-angiotensin system (RAS) axis through the production of Ang 1-7, which promotes cardiovascular,
renal, and lung-protective effects. The ACE2 is not the only route for SARS-CoV-2 to
enter the host cells. However, due to its roles in the RAS and its participation in the SARS-CoV-2
virulence, ACE2 has gained attention regarding viral mechanisms of pathogenesis, effects of drugs
that interfere with the RAS, and as a potential target for therapeutic strategies for the damages
caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among other tissues, ACE2 gene expression seems to be increased
in the lungs upon SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, amid other variables, expression
and/or activity of ACE2 is shown as a disease, sex, and age-dependent. The present review covers
critical aspects for a comprehensive understanding of ACE2 and its current involvement in SARSCoV-
2 infection and the development of COVID-19.
Remdesivir, A Potential Drug for COVID-19 Treatment: A New Hope
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Singh Dilpreet , Razdan Karan 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic outbreak in the world
and is the leading cause of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

Methods:
Currently, many drugs/therapies have been tested for COVID-19, which responded sub-
-optimally to the patients. Remdesivir is an RNA polymerase inhibitor that found promising results
in ongoing clinical trials and shows a faster recovery rate in COVID-19 patients. Currently, USFDA
approves for emergent use of this drug in severe COVID-19 patients.

Results:
In this review, we discussed a brief overview of biopharmaceutical and pharmacological
aspects of Remdesivir. Moreover, the ongoing regulatory status of Remdesivir by official bodies
has also been described.
The Causal Relationship Between Portal Usage and Self-Efficacious Health Information–Seeking Behaviors: Secondary Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey Data
Authors: Park Jaeyoung , Liang Muxuan , Alpert Jordan M , Brown Richard F , Zhong Xiang 
Published: December 2020

Background
Patient portals have drawn much attention, as they are considered an important tool for health providers in facilitating patient engagement. However, little is known about whether the intensive use of patient portals contributes to improved management of patients’ health in terms of their confidence in acquiring health information and exercising self-care. There is a lack of randomized trials with these outcomes measured both pre- and postadoption of patient portals.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the causal relationship between the usage of patient portals and patients’ self-efficacy toward obtaining health information and performing self-care.

Methods
This study was a secondary data analysis that used data from a US national survey, the National Cancer Institute’s Health Information National Trends Survey 5 Cycle 1. Patient portal usage frequency was used to define the treatment. Survey items measuring self-efficacy on a Likert-type scale were selected as the main outcomes, including patients’ confidence in obtaining health information and performing self-care. To establish causality using survey data, we adopted the instrumental variables method. To determine the direction of the causal relationship in the presence of high-dimensional confounders, we further proposed a novel testing framework that employs conditional independence tests in a directed acyclic graph. The average causal effect was measured using the two-stage least squares regression method.

Results
We showed that frequently using patient portals improves patients’ confidence in obtaining health information. The estimand of the weighted average causal effect was 0.14 (95% CI 0.06-0.23; P<.001). This means that when increasing the portal usage intensity, for instance, from 1-2 times to 3-5 times per year, the expected average increase in confidence level measured on a Likert-type scale would be 0.14. However, we could not conclusively determine the causal effect between patient portal usage and patients’ confidence in exercising self-care.

Conclusions
The results support the use of patient portals and encourage better support and education to patients. The proposed statistical method can be used to exploit the potential of national survey data for causal inference studies.
Optimalisasi Peran Guru PAI Ideal dalam Pembelajaran Fiqh di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Mansir Firman , Purnomo Halim 
Published: December 2020

Penulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis peran dan strategi guru dalam pembelajaran fiqh pada masa pandemi saat ini. Produktifitas pembelajaran guru PAI biasa dipengaruhi pada efektivitas penggunaan strategi belajar. Pada pembelajaran fiqh memiliki corak tersendiri, sehingga guru PAI harus benar-benar dapat menentukan model dan strategi yang tepat dan efektif. Selain itu, pola efektivitas belajar yang diterapkan saat ini belum sepenuhnya efektif, bisa disebabkan kurangnya kreativitas atau strategi yang mempuni untuk diterapkan saat pembelajaran. Saat pandemi saat ini, banyak sistem pembelajaran yang dilakukan secara virtual atau online, yang memiliki berdampak positif untuk berlangsungnya pembelajaran, namun di lain sisi juga memiliki dampak negatif, disebabkan karena beberapa faktor yang menghambat proses pembelajaran secara virtual tersebut. Maka, penulisan ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui bentuk optimalisasi guru PAI yang ideal dalam penerapan pembelajaran fiqh khususnya di masa pandemi saat ini dengan aktualisasi pembelajaran secara produktif dan efektif.
Contemporary Substance Use in Guyana: The Prison Context
Authors: Ayres Tammy , Cameron Queenela , Warren Kristy , Kerrigan Dylan 
Published: December 2020

Substance use in contemporary Guyana cannot be dismantled from the historical introduction and control of substances across the British Empire, and this is true in the community as it is in prison. In a form of transhistorical repetition, some of the substances being used have changed since colonial times, but many have also stayed the same, as have the reasons for their use. This paper follows on from ‘the History of Substance Use and Control in British Guiana’ (Moss and Toner, 2020) and explores semi-structured prisoner interviews among a group of male prisoners, which shows that substance use in prison – as in the community - is often a coping mechanism, as well as a way to pass time, escape and alleviate the pains of imprisonment. In this sense substance use is an adaptive strategy to the micro level experiences of transhistorical processes, such as social control, the development of class and ethnic politics, and were central to the nexus of exploitative social and labour relationships on colonial plantations.
Detecção Automática do Teste de Winston-Lutz em Filmes Radiocrômicos
Authors: Giacomini Guilherme , Ribeiro Victor Augusto Bertotti 
Published: December 2020

Radiocirurgia estereotáxica é uma técnica altamente precisa para entrega de altas doses em um pequeno volume alvo utilizando alto gradiente de dose, exigindo precisão submilimétrica na localização e entrega de dose. Para garantir acurácia requerida, recomenda-se a verificação do alinhamento do eixo de rotação do gantry, mesa e colimador, realizada através do teste de Winston-Lutz (WL). O teste de WL realizado através de filmes é tradicionalmente analisado visualmente, mostrando-se com variabilidade inter e intra-observador. Tal limitação pode ser evitada através da digitalização dos filmes e uso de software para análise. Uma vez que o uso de filmes em programas de garantia da qualidade para radiocirurgia ainda é uma realidade comum em muitos centros de radioterapia, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um algoritmo para análise do teste de WL realizado com filme de forma tridimensional, objetiva e reprodutível. Pela análise dos resultados, o algoritmo desenvolvido conseguiu detectar com precisão o deslocamento obtido a partir do teste de WL utilizando filmes radiocrômicos de forma tridimensional, mostrando forte potencial para ser utilizado clinicamente. Sua implementação possibilita redução da subjetividade e variabilidade da análise devido à automatização do processo, possibilitando criação automática de relatórios para o programa de garantia de qualidade em radiocirurgias.
Cassius Dio and the Principate
Authors: Burden-Strevens Christopher , Madsen Jesper Majbom , Pistellato Antonio 
Published: December 2020

In the Imperial books of his Roman History, Cassius Dio focuses on individual emperors and imperial institutions to promote a political framework for the ideal monarchy, and to theorise autocracy’s typical problems and their solutions. The distinctive narrative structure of Dio’s work creates a unique sense of the past and allows us to see Roman history through a specific lens: that of a man who witnessed the Principate from the Antonines to the Severans. When Dio was writing, the Principate was a full-fledged historical fact, having experienced more than two hundred years of history, good and bad emperors, and three major civil wars. This collection of seven essays sets out to address these issues, and to see Dio not as an ‘adherent’ to or ‘advocate’ of monarchy, but rather as a theorist of its development and execution.
Between Civilitas and Tyranny: Cassius Dio’s Biographical Narrative of the Flavian Dynasty
Authors: Madsen Jesper Majbom 
Published: December 2020

In Cassius Dio’s account of imperial Rome, the Flavian Dynasty represents all the strengths and weaknesses of monarchical rule. The strength is represented with Vespasian, his display of modesty and understanding of the need to cooperate and share power with the senatorial elite. The weakness is described through the nepotism, betrayal, and uncontrolled ambition for glory and prestige that helped Domitian to power and forced the return of tyrannical rule upon the Romans. In this chapter, I shall discuss the way in which the Flavian narrative serves as a microcosm in the Roman History to demonstrate the reason for which dynastic succession was incapable of providing the stability needed for monarchical rule to reach its full constitutional and political potential.
Comparison of On-Pump and Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Our experience of participation in the international study
Authors: Gogayeva O. , Rudenko A. , Lazoryshynets V. 
Published: December 2020

Aim. To present our experience in the international, multicenter, randomized clinical trial CORONARY (CABG Off or On Pump Revascularization Study) in which on-pump and off-pump CABG was compared.
Materials and methods. Eleven patients who signed informed consent and matched at least 1 inclusion criterion according to the CORONARY study protocol were randomized in Institute site. All the patients completed the EuroQol-5D questionnaire and underwent neurocognitive tests (MOCA, DSS, Trial Making test).
Results. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 62.9 ± 6.2 years. All the patients (100%) had myocardial infarction (MI) in anamnesis, 4 (36.35%) patients had cerebrovascular disease (CVD), 5 (45.4%) patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 4 (36.35%) had diabetes mellitus (DM). The average number of hemodynamically marked coronary artery stenoses was 2.45 ± 0.78, the left main lesion was diagnosed in 2 (18.18%) cases. The severity of the patients’ condition according to the ES II scale averaged 4.9 ± 1.23%. Five (45.5%) patients underwent on-pump CABG, and offpump CABG was performed in 6 (54.5%) cases. The average on-pump time was 122.8 ± 23.5 minutes; the aortic clamp time was 68.4 ± 9.6 minutes. The average number of grafts was 3.5 ± 0.78. In the postoperative period, paroxysm of atrial fibrillation occurred in 4 (36.35%) patients. One (9.09%) patient had fatal ischemic stroke on day 5 after CABG. The patients were discharged on average within 8.5 ± 2.7 days. According to the study protocol, the condition of patients was monitored annually by telephone; 8 (72.7%) patients completed all visits. In 1 (9.09%) patient with recurrence of angina pectoris in 4 years after CABG we performed repeat CABG.
Conclusions. According to the Institute experience of participation in the CORONARY study, there was 1 (9.09%) death due fatal ischemic stroke in the on-pump CABG group. One (9.09%) patient from the off-pump CABG group had repeated CABG. These results of small studies are generating debates in terms of the effectiveness of CABG technique. In multicenter CORONARY trial the rate of mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, kidney failure, repeated revascularization of myocardium during 5 years of follow-up was similar in on-pump and off-pump CABG patients groups.
Transmissible parasitic zoonoses of the Kaluga Region
Authors: Vasilevich F. I. , Nikanorova A. M. 
Published: December 2020

the purpose of the research is monitoring population and species composition of common blood-sucking ectoparasites of the Kaluga Region, mosquitoes and ixodid ticks, and parasitic zoonoses, in the circulation of which they are involved.Materials and methods. The records were made in all districts of the Kaluga Region and in the city of Kaluga. We studied open meadow-field and forest-shrub stations, closed meadow-field and near-water stations, and settlement stations. The species was identified using the atlases of ixodid ticks by I. M. Ganiev, A. A. Aliverdiev (1968) and V. N. Shevkoplyas (2008), and the guidance of R. M. Gornostaeva (1999). The situation with transmissible parasitic zoonoses in the Kaluga Region was assessed based on the analysis of information from open sources of the Hygienic and Epidemiological Center of the Kaluga Region and the Veterinary Committee under the Government of the Kaluga Region.Results and discussion. There are two species of ixodid ticks in the Kaluga region: Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus. The abundance index of ixodid ticks of the species I. ricinus is 16.8±1.32 individuals per 1 flag-hour in forest biotopes, and 11.6±1.12 individuals per 1 flag-hour in meadow biotopes, and the abundance index of D. reticulatus is 10,8±1.14 and 15.9±1.30 individuals per 1 flag-hour, respectively. Three mosquito species prevail, namely, Stegomya communis, S. vexans, and Culex pipiens. The maximum number was 8 thousand per 1 m3. During the study period, the causative agent of infectious tick-borne borreliosis was found on average in 10.6% of ixodid ticks collected from humans and in 13.2% of ticks collected in natural biotopes. The causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis was isolated on average in 3.1% of ixodid ticks collected from humans and 6.4% of those collected in natural biotopes. Infection rate for I. ricinus ticks infected with pathogen of infectious tick-borne borreliosis was 16.9%, and D. reticulatus 12.3%.
„Ludzka twarz” górnośląskich robotników w okresie międzywojennym [Rec. Dariusz Zalega: Śląsk zbuntowany. Wołowiec 2019]
Authors: Fic Maciej 
Published: December 2020

Książka Śląsk zbuntowany Dariusza Zalegi to pozycja, która stanowi próbę nowego sposobu pisania o ruchu robotniczym: popularnego w formie i pozbawionego antykomunistycznego nastawienia. Autor zabiera czytelnika w podróż wraz z wywodzącymi się z Górnego Śląska robotnikami — ochotnikami Brygad Międzynarodowych, biorącymi udział po stronie Frontu Ludowego w wojnie domowej lat 1936—1939 w Hiszpanii. Oprócz opisu samego udziału w walkach w książce sporo miejsca poświęcono okolicznościom, które doprowadziły bohaterów rozważań do Hiszpanii, przedstawiono także pokrótce losy tych, którym udało się przeżyć zmagania przeciwko wojskom gen. Francisca Franco.
Educación en países andinos 1995-2015: Estudio comparativo sobre inversión realizada y responsabilidad social
Authors: Reyes Giovanni E , Martin-Fiorino Víctor 
Published: December 2020

La región, en medio de las dificultades recurrentes a las que se enfrenta, tiene también el desafío de fortalecer el conjunto de instituciones, puesto que la educación, juega un papel por demás determinante en los procesos de desarrollo. En este sentido, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el comportamiento de la inversión en educación, por parte de los Países Andinos, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela, en comparación con América Latina y el Caribe, a fin de considerar los elementos centrales de su incidencia en la responsabilidad social, en el período de 1995 a 2015. El estudio es descriptivo-documental, basado en la información de reconocidas bases de datos. Entre los resultados destaca que los Países Andinos muestran mayores niveles de inversión en educación que el total de América Latina y el Caribe. Asimismo, la educación, en especial en Bolivia, Ecuador y Venezuela, durante el período estudiado tendió a enfatizar, en la política social y económica general. En conclusión, la concepción de educación como un bien público accesible a la población, fortalece los mecanismos de la oferta, por tanto en el nivel universitario, las instancias públicas pueden jugar un papel primordial en la formación del capital o talento humano.
Triangulation: Establishing the Validity of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Guion Lisa A. , Diehl David C. , McDonald Debra 
Published: December 2020

Triangulation is a method used by qualitative researchers to check and establish validity in their studies by analyzing a research question from multiple perspectives. This 3-page fact sheet presents five types of triangulation. Written by Lisa A. Guion, David C. Diehl, and Debra McDonald , and published by the UF Department of Family Youth and Community Sciences, August 2011.
This is a major revision of :
Guion, Lisa. 2002. “Triangulation: Establishing the Validity of Qualitative Studies”. EDIS 2002 (6). https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-fy394-2002.
Manejo de Insectos en Cruciferas (Cultivos de Coles) (Brocoli, Repollo, Coliflor, Col, Col Rizada, Mostaza, Rabano, Nabos)
Authors: Webb Susan E. , Niño A. , Smith Hugh A. 
Published: December 2020

Los vegetales conocidos como crucíferas son un grupo de cultivos amplio y cada vez más importante en Florida. Un número de insectos se alimenta exclusivamente de crucíferas y afecta todos los cultivos enlistados en el título.­This thirty-page fact sheet is the Spanish translation of IG150: Insect Management for Crucifers (Cole Crops). Written by S.E. Webb, A. Nino, y H.A. Smith and published by the Entomology and Nematology Department.­http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ig168
Soybean Looper Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Carter Ethan T. , Gillett-Kaufman Jennifer Lynn 
Published: December 2020

The soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), is a light to dark green caterpillar which derives its name from its preferred host plant (soybean, Glycine max) and the looping movement it makes while in motion. Includes: Introduction - Distribution - Description and Life Cycle - Hosts - Damage and Economic Importance - Management - Selected References
Also published on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/field/soybean_looper.htm