bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical grounds for suspending the professional licence of physicians and dentists by Regional Medical Councils between 1990 and 2014
Authors: Kordel Piotr , Kokociński Maciej , Kordel Krzysztof , Krajewski Romuald 
Published: November 2020

Cel pracyCelem badania było określenie przyczyn zdrowotnych, które spowodowały zawieszenie lub ograniczenie prawa wykonywania zawodu lekarzom i lekarzom dentystom oraz możliwości powrotu do pracy po okresie zawieszenia.MetodaPodstawą analizy była dokumentacja okręgowych rejestrów lekarzy dotycząca postępowania w przedmiocie niezdolności lekarza do wykonywania zawodu albo ograniczenia w wykonywaniu określonych czynności medycznych w latach 1990 – 2014WynikiNajczęstszą przyczyną zawieszenia lub ograniczenia PWZ lekarza albo lekarza dentysty było uzależnienie od substancji psychoaktywnej (54,1%). Nie było zależności między rozpoznaniem skutkującym zawieszeniem albo ograniczeniem PWZ a płcią oraz zawodem (lekarz/lekarz dentysta). Wśród osób w wieku 42-57 i 58-67 lat u ponad 60% przyczyną podjęcia uchwały było uzależnienie od substancji psychoaktywnych, podczas gdy wśród osób w wieku poniżej 41 lat nie było ani jednego takiego przypadku. Wśród osób powyżej 67. roku życia uzależnienie było powodem 37,5% uchwał. Wśród lekarzy posiadających specjalność zabiegową częściej niż wśród lekarzy specjalizacji niezabiegowych przyczyną zawieszenia lub ograniczenia PWZ było uzależnienie od substancji psychoaktywnych (76,5% vs 46,9%, p<0,05). Lekarze uzależnieni częściej wracali do wykonywania zawodu (57,5%) niż lekarze cierpiący na inne schorzenia (20,5%, p<0,05).WnioskiNajczęstszą przyczyną zawieszenia albo ograniczenia PWZ z powodów zdrowotnych jest uzależnienie od substancji psychoaktywnych. Liczba uchwał wydaje się niewielka w stosunku do liczby lekarzy i lekarzy dentystów wykonujących zawód i wskazuje, że potrzebne są zarówno działania w zakresie profilaktyki uzależnień, w szczególności wśród lekarzy posiadających specjalizacje zabiegowe, jak i usprawnienie procedur zgłaszania zastrzeżeń co do zdrowia lekarzy i lekarzy dentystów oraz oceny zdolności do wykonywania zawodu w przypadku osób, które same nie podejmują leczenia.
“Retirement at 67” – Findings on the Employment Situation of Older Female Workers
Authors: Zimmer Barbara , Leve Verena , Naegele Gerhard 
Published: November 2020

The Age Limit Adjustment Act, which was adopted in 2007, constitutes a climax in the developments of a paradigm shift in pension policy towards remaining at work for longer. This development entails profound changes and restrictions on benefits for assured persons. In future, many of the insurable employed will not receive a pension without incurring deductions until they reach the age of 67. Both employers and employees are faced with new challenges if they wish to avoid pension reductions in the event of an early retirement and consequently possible precarious incomes at old age. Especially women need particular support in this regard, given that in structural terms, they are in a weaker position on the labour market.Against this background, a representative nationwide survey of 1,800 female workers born between 1947 and 1964 was commissioned by the New Quality of Work Initiative (INQA) and conducted by the Institute of Gerontology at the Technical University of Dortmund in cooperation with TNS Infratest in 2007. These cohorts are to be affected by the increase of the age limit from 2012 onwards. In addition to structural data, this survey studied the respondents’ assessment of their current ability to work and to continue to work until reaching the standard age limit. Further, the survey explored specific working conditions and strains of work. The results show that more than 40 % of the female respondents are sceptical about the conditions of being able to continue their current work until reaching their statutory age limit. The only moderate to poor workability and the consequential danger of having to leave work result e.g. from work-related strains which accumulate in certain sectors and professional groups. The creation of appropriate jobs for older workers as well as the implementation of a staff policy in companies, which is sensitive to demographic developments and individual circumstances, can contribute to maintaining and nurturing the workability.
Activities in Retirement: Individual Experience of Silver Work
Authors: Maxin Leena , Deller Jürgen 
Published: November 2020

One consequence of demographic change is a longer average remaining lifetime after retirement. Many people, however, remain able and willing to continue work after reaching the statutory retirement age. Given the predicted shortage of skilled workers in the future, post-retirement activities have the potential to contribute to both organisations and society. This article elaborates the prerequisites for productivity in retirement age and the changed nature of retirement at present.It also quantifies the extent to which activities are continued at retirement age. Paid employment still occurs beyond the applicable retirement age, whereby with increasing age, self-employed persons and assistant family members make up the lion’s share of the statistics. An empirical study shows the concrete situation of active retirees and the prerequisites for post-retirement activities. At the explorative level, individual experiences of the transition into retirement, the reasons for and the framework of post-retirement activities, motivational factors in job design, and physical and intellectual demands before and after retirement are characterised. The qualitative data indicate that retirement entails changes towards more flexible structures in everyday life. Decisive reasons for taking up post-retirement activities are the desire to help, pass on knowledge or remain active; personal development and contact with others; and gaining appreciation and recognition. Flexible job design and freedom to make decisions constitute major elements in shaping post-retirement working activities. Offering autonomy, skill variety, and task significance is important for the design of post-retirement activities. The paper closes with identifying relevant research fields and the concrete need to take action at individual, organisational, and societal levels. All in all, the transition from working life to retirement should be made flexible enough to do greater justice to the realities of life.
Could Immigration Prevent Population Decline? The Demographic Prospects of Germany Revisited
Authors: Weber Hannes 
Published: November 2020

Germany has a record of more than 40 years of below-replacement fertility and annual death surplus. Hence, it is commonly accepted that Germany’s population will decline considerably in the coming decades. Recent increases in immigration may, however, challenge the official long-term demographic projections for Germany. This paper assesses the impact of a permanent higher-than-expected level of net immigration to Germany as in the past three years on the projections for population, age structure and ethnic makeup by mid-century.
The paper adds a higher immigration variant to the Federal Statistical Office’s latest Coordinated Population Projection and two variants of a (a) constant or (b) decreasing fertility rate among migrant women. It can be shown that with permanent net migration as high as in recent years (around 300,000 per annum), Germany’s population would not significantly decrease in the coming decades but would rather remain at 80 million until 2050. On the other hand, the sharp rise in the old-age dependency ratio is only mildly weakened by increased immigration rates. This issue is therefore probably best addressed by other (or additional) means. The increase in retirees will level off after 2035 in any case. The ethnic makeup of society would be affected to a greater degree than its age composition: The share of first- and second-generation immigrants among the total population is projected to rise to about 35 percent in this scenario (and to above 40 percent if the third generation is also counted).
Einfluss regionaler Faktoren auf die Kohortenfertilität: Neue Schätzwerte auf Kreisebene in Deutschland
Authors: Bujard Martin , Scheller Melanie 
Published: November 2020

Betrachtungen des regionalen Kontexts haben eine lange Tradition in der Fertilitätsforschung. Allerdings liegen für Deutschland kreisspezifische Fertilitätsdaten bisher lediglich für die zusammengefasste Geburtenziffer (TFR) vor, nicht jedoch zur endgültigen Kinderzahl (Kohortenfertilität, CTFR). Auf Basis von Zensus 2011 und Geburtenstatistik werden Schätzwerte für die CTFR auf Kreisebene generiert und Einflussfaktoren ihrer Variation analysiert.
Zunächst wird die CTFR der Geburtskohorten 1969-72 für alle 402 Kreise berechnet. Die geschätzte CTFR variiert erheblich zwischen den Kreisen bei einer Spannbreite von 1,05 bis 2,01. Sie unterscheidet sich deutlich von den bekannten Werten der TFR. Diese Unterschiede beruhen hauptsächlich auf Verzerrungen durch die Timing-Komponente der TFR, die in Ostdeutschland, bei Universitätsstädten und im Stadt-Land-Vergleich auffällig sind. Daher ermöglichen die geschätzten CTFR-Werte einen weitaus besseren Einblick in regionale Fertilitätsunterschiede.
Im zweiten Schritt werden die Unterschiede der neu gewonnenen CTFR auf Kreisebene mittels linearer Regressionen analysiert. Die drei Kompositionseffekte geringe Akademikerinnenquote, hoher Katholiken- und hoher Migrantenanteil tragen signifikant zu einer höheren CTFR in westdeutschen Kreisen bei. Allerdings spielen regionale Opportunitäten ebenfalls eine wichtige Rolle: Eine geringe Bevölkerungsdichte, das Angebot relativ großer Wohnungen und ein Männerüberschuss sind deutlich mit höherer Fertilität assoziiert, ebenso ökonomische Faktoren wie traditionelle Wirtschaftsstruktur und niedrige Arbeitslosigkeit. Insgesamt zeigen die Analysen, dass regionale Faktoren einen hohen Einfluss auf die Fertilität haben.
What about the Urban Periphery? The Effects of the Urban Renaissance in the Mersey Belt
Authors: Dembski Sebastian , Schulze Bäing Andreas , Sykes Olivier 
Published: November 2020

Cities in the UK have undergone an urban renaissance since the late 1990s, when New Labour started an initiative of the same name. However, the effects of urban growth have been limited mainly to the cores of second-tier cities, creating new challenges in the urban fringe of city regions and for cities outside the major agglomerations. In this article, we examine the process of reurbanisation in the Manchester and Liverpool city regions and to take a closer look at on one of the local authorities in the fringe of these city regions which is trying to grapple with the challenges posed by a new urban age. We find increasing evidence that places in the spatial in-between of urban regions face particular challenges as a result of the urban renaissance, with the already problematic areas requiring increased attention to avoid structural urban problems similar to that of the inner urban areas in the past. * This article belongs to a special issue on reurbanisation
The association between hope and quality of life in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Alshraifeen Ali , Al-Rawashdeh Sami , Herth Kaye , Alnuaimi Karimeh , Alzoubi Fatmeh , Khraim Fadi , Ashour Ala 
Published: November 2020

Background: Hope is important for patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis (HD) and hope is associated with quality of life (QoL). Studies examining hope among the HD population are limited and, as far as the authors know, have not been undertaken in Jordan. Aims: To examine levels of hope and QoL and to examine the association between hope and QoL in HD patients in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 202 patients from six different dialysis centres was recruited. The World Health Organization QOL-BREF and the Herth Hope Index were used. Findings: Moderate levels of hope (M=32.3±4.1) were reported. Respondents reported low mean scores for the physical domain of QoL (M=48.3±21.1) but not for the psychological and social relationship domains. Higher hope scores were associated with better QoL. Conclusion: The findings suggest a positive relationship between the level of hope and QoL in people receiving HD. Encouraging hope while caring for HD patients in clinical settings may improve their QoL. Understanding the relationship between hope and QoL may help healthcare providers to improve the quality of care for patients and their families.
Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi in Pometia pinnata against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Setyaningsih Ratna , Ari Susilowati  , Prasetyani Dina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants are able to produce bioactive compounds which potentially contain medicinal ingredients. Matoa (Pometia pinnata J. R. Forst & G. Forst) is one of Indonesian medicinal plants. This research aims to test antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate extract of matoa’s endophytic fungi to Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and also identify isolates having high antibacterial activity. Initial test on antibacterial activity was conducted by using paper disc diffusion, while advanced test was conducted by determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The fungi were identified in morphological and molecular manner with amplification and sequencing of ITS region. Bacterial cells exposed to the extract were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Isolate AM72 was found out to have the highest antibacterial activity compared to other 12 isolates tested, with inhibition zone diameter of 31.57 mm to S. aureus and 22.87 mm to MRSA. Isolate AM72 was identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Isolate BMB identified as Aspergillus oryzae produced inhibition zone with 21.96 mm diameter to S. aureus and 21.50 mm diameter to MRSA. Advanced test to isolate AM72 gave the same MIC results to S. aureus and MRSA of 1.56%. Antibacterial compound produced by isolate AM72 were found out to be able to damage bacterial cell walls.
Keywords: Antibacterial, Endohpytic Fungi, Matoa, S. aureus, MRSA
Short Communication: Morphology and genetic characteristics of potential citrus rootstock in Indonesia
Authors: Yulianti Farida , ADIREDJO AFIFUDDIN  LATIF , SOETOPO LITA , ASHARI SUMERU 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Yulianti F, Adiredjo AL, Soetopo L, Ashari S. 2020. Short Communication: Morphology and genetic characteristics of potential citrus rootstock in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5514-5520. Study on variability among the citrus rootstock genotypes is very important to classify and utilize citrus germplasm resources. The genetic variability would greatly assist the breeders in genotypes identification to develop database and maintain the germplasm repositories in Indonesia. It would also be helpful for stakeholders to choose the right rootstock. The aim of the study was to identify the morphology and genetic variability among three potential citrus rootstocks in Indonesia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to characterize three citrus rootstocks potential in Indonesia. Characteristics of plant, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, and genomic DNA polymorphisms were used to characterize three potential citrus rootstocks (Japansche citroen (JC), Citrumelo and Kanci). Morphological characterizations were based on Descriptors for Citrus (IPGRI 1999). Genetic variabilities were conducted using seven specific markers for biotic and abiotic stresses (VP, CMA, PIP1a, PIP1b, PIP2, osmotin, and Y65). The important characters of citrus rootstock for growers were tree shape, tree growth habit, number of seed, seed polyembryony, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. JC has spheroid tree shape with spreading growth habit, while Citrumelo and Kanci have ellipsoid tree shape with erect growth habit. These characters may influence scion vigor and size. All of rootstocks observed have high number of seed and polyembryony. These rootstocks amplified PIPs and osmotin markers and could not amplify VP, CMA, and Y65 marker. These plants thought to have the characteristic of tolerance to drought stress with formation of aquaporin and osmotin but susceptible to salinity and Citrus tristeza virus.
Five years of multi-depot vehicle routing problems
Authors: Jayarathna Nuwan , Lanel Jayantha , Juman Z.A.M.S. 
Published: November 2020

With vast range of applications in real life situations, the Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) have been the subject of countless studies since the late 1950s. However, a more realistic version of the classical VRP, where the distribution of goods is done from several depots is the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP), which has been the central attraction of recent researches. The objective of this problem is to find the routes for vehicles to serve all the customers at a minimal cost in terms of the number of routes and the total distance travelled without violating the capacity and travel time constraints of the vehicles, and it is handled with a variety of assumptions and constraints in the existing literature. This survey reviews the current status of the MDVRP and discuss the future direction regarding this problem.
Sustainable development in Belarus: Goals for transport and universal access indicator movements
Authors: Azemsha Siarhei , Yasinskaya Volha , Hryshchanka Tatsiana 
Published: November 2020

On September 25, 2015, UN member states adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It contains 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Two SDG targets are directly transport-related. Target 3.6: By 2020 to halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents. Target 11. 2: Aims to, by 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations - women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons. There are other goals, the achievement of which is impossible without the development of transport. All SDGs related to transport are conventionally divided into 4 groups: safety, universal access, efficiency, green mobility. The purpose of this article is to review the dynamics of changes in the Republic of Belarus of indicators for achieving the goals of the universal access group.
Economic justification for development and operationalization of rail-freight-corridors between hub-seaports and inland container depots in Nigeria
Authors: Nwokedi Theophilus Chinonyerem , Ndikom Obed C. , Hussaini Yusuf Kodo , Komolafe Bolaji Olaide , Okonko Ifiokobong I. 
Published: November 2020

The obsolesce and decay of rail transport infrastructure linking major seaports Cities to hinterland cargo origin and destination centers serviced via the seaports and the total lack of rail infrastructure connection between some hub seaports and the hinterland cargo centers in Nigeria induces enormous economic setback. Most rail routes from seaports to the inland container depots (ICDs) in all the geopolitical zones of the Country are currently inoperable. Government’s recent attempt to develop and make operable the rail routes is faced with funding challenges necessitating the need for a Public Private Partnership (PPP) approach in which government provides regulation and enablement while private sector operators fund the projects. This study was aimed at providing economic justification for private sector investment in developing, revitalizing and making operable, the rail-freight-corridors between hub-seaports and inland container depots in Nigeria. It estimated the operator-benefits and profitability potentials of investment in each of the ten rail-freight-corridors consisting of existing but inoperable and proposed rail routes from Lagos, Port-Harcourt/Onne, Warri and Calabar seaports to the Inland container depots in different geopolitical regions of Nigeria. Secondary data on the import and export (cargo generation) capacities of each of the ICD regions to and from the respectively connected hub-seaport were obtained from the Nigerian ports authority statistical report covering a period of two years (2018 – 2019) based upon which the annual expected revenue earnings of the operators (investment) were estimated as a product of the total annual TEU handled by each route and the price of delivering per TEU from the seaport to the ICD region. The cost of investment in developing and operating each rail-freight-corridor as determined in previous studies for the Nigerian Shippers Council for the same period were also obtained. Benefit-Cost-Ratio (BCR) and Net Present Value (NPV) tools were used to estimate the operator-benefits and profitability potentials of each rail route within the period using 10% interest rate. It was found that six of the rail routes have BCR > 1; and NPV>0; implying higher operator-benefits over costs within the period. The rail-routes from Lagos seaport to Gombe and Bauchi; Warri seaport to Aba; and Calabar seaport to Kano have BCR <1; and NPV <0; implying higher operator-costs over benefits and unprofitability of the routes within the first two years of service delivery. It was recommended that the PPP terms for rail freight corridors with BCR <1 and NPV<0, should have a higher contract period than the other routes to enable the private investor have a higher payback period to recoup the cost of investment and earn profit.
Abdominal syndrome in monogenic autoinflammatory disease – is it just a familial Mediterranean fever?
Authors: Salugina S. O. , Fedorov E. S. , Volf N. G. 
Published: November 2020

Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, are common autoinflammatory disease (AID) symptoms. The abdominal symptomatology reflecting serositis is one of the most important classification and diagnostic criteria for the classic monogenic AID (MAID) – familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Failure to timely diagnose FMF frequently leads to unjustified surgical interventions. Other periodic fevers may also present as abdominal symptoms; however, the latter are outside their diagnostic features. These diseases include, first of all, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). Interleukin 1 (IL1) inhibitors serve as the major targeted drugs for the treatment of TRAPS. Russia has registered the IL1 inhibitor canakinumab that prevents the development of organ damages, including those in the GI tract. The paper describes a clinical case of the classic manifestations of TRAPS (fever, rash, periorbital edema, arthritis, and elevated levels of acutephase inflammatory markers) concurrent with severe abdominalgia during attacks and with the development of severe peritoneal adhesions, which led to bowel perforation and emergency surgical intervention. The prolonged persistence of inflammatory attacks before the initiation of therapy, as well as violation of the IL1 inhibitor administration regimen facilitated the development of an urgent exacerbation. Thus, TRAPS should be included in the differential diagnostic circle for patients with severe gastrointestinal manifestations characterized by an attack-like course. These patients need timely prescription of targeted therapy, strict adherence to the dosing and intervals between drug administrations, and careful monitoring to prevent serious complications with the visceral organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, and their immediate correction.