bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRIM2 directly deubiquitinates and stabilizes Snail1 protein, mediating proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lin Zhaoxian , Lin Xing , Zhu Lihuan , Huang Jianyuan , Huang Yangyun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma has surpassed lung squamous cell carcinoma as the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer. In this study, we had tested the biological role of TRIM2 in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods
TRIM2 abundance in clinical tissues and six cell lines were examined with quantitative real-time PCR test (qRT-PCR) and western blot. TRIM2 overexpression treated H322 cells and TRIM2 knockdown treated A549 cells were used to study cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, invasion, and the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) biomarkers. Moreover, ubiquitination related Snail1 degradation were studied with qRT-PCR and western blot. The relationships between TRIM2 and Snail1 were investigated with western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, migration, and invasion.

Results
TRIM2 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. TRIM2 overexpression and knockdown treatments could affect cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and the expression of EMT associated biomarkers. Moreover, TRIM2 can regulate the ubiquitination related Snail1 degradation. In addition, TRIM2 can regulate Snail1 degradation in lung adenocarcinoma via ubiquitination pathway. TRIM2 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma. Meanwhile, TRIM2 can deubiquitinate and stabilize Snail1 protein, which play important role in the function of lung adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion
A high TRIM2 expression could be detected in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells. TRIM2 could aggravate cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in colorectal cancer by regulating Snail1 ubiquitylation degradation. Our results could provide detailed information for further studies in lung adenocarcinoma.
Photo-responsive degradable hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoplatforms for drug delivery
Authors: Fan Jie , Zhang Zhipeng , Wang Yaru , Lin Shiting , Yang Shun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Stimulus-responsive degradable mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) have shown great promise as drug carriers via enhancing the efficiency of drug delivery and accelerating the degradation of nanocarriers. However, it remains a great challenge to develop novel light-enabled spatial and temporal degradable MONs with both superior responsiveness for efficient anti-cancer drug delivery and safe exocytosis.

Results
We report a novel photo-responsive degradable hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoplatform (HMONs@GOQD). The platform is based on organosilica nanoparticles (HMONs) containing singlet oxygen (1O2)-responsive bridged organoalkoxysilanes and wrapped graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs). The unique hollow mesoporous structure of the HMONs guarantees an excellent drug loading and release profile. During light irradiation, 1O2 produced by the GOQDs leads to the degradation of the organosilica nanoparticles, resulting in enhanced local drug release.

Conclusions
We carried out in vitro and in vivo experiments using DOX as a model drug; DOX-HMONs@GOQDs exhibited high biocompatibility, accelerated degradation, and superior therapeutic efficacy during light irradiation, indicating a promising platform for clinical cancer therapy.
Motivations, facilitators and barriers to accessing hepatitis C treatment among people who inject drugs in two South African cities
Authors: Versfeld Anna , McBride Angela , Scheibe Andrew , Spearman C. Wendy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Treatment of hepatitis C (HCV) among people who inject drugs (PWID) is a critical component of efforts to eliminate viral hepatitis. A recent study found high HCV prevalence among PWID in two cities, Pretoria (84%) and Cape Town (44%). Very few (< 5%) HCV-infected individuals attended follow-up appointments. This sub-study explores differences between stated desire for cure and appointment attendance in light of perceived facilitators and barriers to HCV treatment and care access among PWID.

Method
Two sets of semi-structured interviews were implemented in a group of HCV-infected participants opportunistically sampled and recruited at harm reduction service sites. Initial interviews, conducted before the planned hospital appointment date, asked participants (N = 17, 9 in Pretoria and 8 in Cape Town) about past experiences of healthcare provision, plans to attend their referral appointment and perceived barriers and facilitators to seeking hepatitis treatment. Second interviews (n = 9, 4 in Pretoria, 5 in Cape Town), conducted after the planned referral appointment date, asked about appointment attendance and treatment experience. Trained social scientists with experience with PWID conducted the interviews which were recorded in detailed written notes. Data was thematically analysed in NVivo 11.

Results
Despite routine experiences of being stigmatised by the healthcare system in the past, most participants (n = 16, 94%) indicated a desire to attend their appointments. Attendance motivators included the desire to be cured, fear of dying and the wish to assist the research project. Perceived barriers to appointment attendance included fear of again experiencing stigmatisation and concerns about waiting periods and drug withdrawal. Perceived facilitators included the knowledge they would be treated quickly, and with respect and access to opioid substitution therapy. In the end, very few participants (n = 5) went to their appointment. Actual barriers to attendance included lack of finances, lack of urgency and forgetting and fatalism about dying.

Conclusions
South Africa can learn from other countries implementing HCV treatment for PWID. Successful linkage to care will require accessible, sensitive services where waiting time is limited. Psychosocial support prior to initiating referrals that focuses on building and maintaining a sense of self-worth and emphasising that delayed treatment hampers health outcomes is needed.
Mapping analysis to predict EQ-5D-5 L utility values based on the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) questionnaires in the Spanish population suffering from lower limb osteoarthritis
Authors: Martín-Fernández Jesús , Morey-Montalvo Mariel , Tomás-García Nuria , Martín-Ramos Elena , Muñoz-García Juan Carlos , Polentinos-Castro Elena , Rodríguez-Martínez Gemma , Arenaza Juan Carlos , García-Pérez Lidia , Magdalena-Armas Laura , Bilbao Amaia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The EQ-5D-5 L is a quality-of-life questionnaire based on individuals’ preferences that is widely employed for cost-effectiveness analysis. Given the current demand for mapping algorithms to directly assign “utilities”, this study aimed to generate different mapping models for predicting EQ-5D-5 L utility values based on scores of the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) questionnaires provided by patients suffering from hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), respectively, and to assess the predictive capability of these functions.

Methods
This was a prospective, observational study. Following the criteria of the American Rheumatism Association, 361 patients with hip OA and 397 with knee OA from three regions in Spain were included. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed through the EQ-5D-5 L general questionnaire and the OHS and OKS specifically for lower limb OA.
Based on the scores on the OHS and OKS questionnaires, EQ-5D-5 L utilities were estimated using 4 models: ordinary least squares (OLS), Tobit, generalized linear model (GLM), and beta regression (Breg).
The models were validated on the same patients after 6 months: the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean squared error (MSE) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI), mean values of standard errors (SE), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland-Altman plots were obtained.

Results
The lowest MAEs were obtained using GLM and Breg models, with values of 0.1103 (0.0993–0.1214) and 0.1229 (0.1102–0.1335) for hip OA, and values of 0.1127 (0.1014–0.1239) and 0.1141 (0.1031–0.1251) for knee OA. MSE values were also lower using GLM and Breg. ICCs between predicted and observed values were around or over the 0.8 cut-off point. Bland-Altman plots showed an acceptable correlation, but precision was lower for subjects with worse HRQoL, which was also evident when comparing MAEs of the bottom and top halves of the utilities scale. Predictive equations for utilities based on OHS/OKS scores were proposed.

Conclusions
The OHS and OKS scores allow for estimating EQ-5D-5 L utility indexes for patients with hip and knee OA, respectively, with adequate validity and precision. GLM and Breg produce the best predictions. The predictive power of proposed equations is more consistent for subjects in better health condition.
Assessing the governance of the health policy-making process using a new governance tool: the case of Lebanon
Authors: Hamra Rasha , Siddiqi Sameen , Carmel Emma , Ammar Walid 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In the international agenda, it has become common to assert that the assessment of health system governance using a practical tool is crucial. This approach can help us better understand how health systems are being steered as well as to identify gaps in the decision-making process and their causes. The authors developed a new assessment tool, the Health Policymaking Governance Guidance Tool (HP-GGT), that was designed to be conceptually sound and practical. This tool enables policy-makers and stakeholders to systematically review and assess health system governance at policy-making level. This article presents first use of the HP-GGT in Lebanon, together with generated results, recommendations, and discusses how these results improve governance practices when initiating new health policy formulation processes.

Methods
The HP-GGT, which is a multidimensional structured tool, was used retrospectively to assess and review the process used to develop a new mental health strategy; this process was compared against consensus-based good governance principles, focusing on participation, transparency, accountability, information and responsiveness. The assessment was conducted through face-to-face interviews with 11 key informants who were involved in the development of the strategy.

Results
The HP-GGT enabled policy-makers to reflect on their governance practices when developing a mental health strategy and was able to identify key areas of strengths and weaknesses using good governance practice checklists given by the questions. The insights generated from the assessment equipped the national policy-makers with a better understanding of the practice and meaning of policy-making governance. Identifying weaknesses to be addressed in future attempts to develop other national health policies helped in this regard. Using the tool also increased awareness of alternative good practices among policy-makers and stakeholders.

Conclusions
Assessing a health policy formulation process from a governance perspective is essential for improved policy-making. The HP-GGT was able to provide a general overview and an in-depth assessment of a policy formulation process related to governance issues according to international good practices that should be applied while formulating health policies in any field. The HP-GGT was found to be a practical tool that was useful for policy-makers when used in Lebanon and awaits applications in other low- and middle-income countries to further show its validity and utility.
Workplace-based health research training: a qualitative study of perceived needs in a rural setting
Authors: Schmidt David , Reyment Jill , Webster Emma , Kirby Sue , Lyle David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The calls for increased numbers of researchers in rural health are growing. To meet this demand, training is needed. If training is to be effective, the value placed on research, the organisational need for research training and key targets for research skill development within a rural health organisation must be understood.

Methods
This qualitative study was underpinned by a critical realist perspective that allowed exploration of the organisational, cultural and structural contexts of research training and of the ability of individuals to act within these contexts. Individual interviews with purposively selected key informants from the organisation’s board, executive and facility management (n = 7) and two focus groups with a convenience sample of frontline health workers with interests in research (total n = 11) were held. Data were analysed using NVivo software and thematic analysis.

Results
The themes emerging from this study were the fragmentation of research activity, a need for systems that support research and collaboration for expertise.

Conclusions
This study has identified an overreliance on individual activity leading to a fragmented approach to research. There is a need for supportive structures, coordination and workplace leadership to overcome a longstanding culture that views research as out of the rural scope of practice. Identifying research training targets, partnering for educational expertise and planning for long-term sustainability are necessary steps toward increasing research activity in the longer term.
Exploring the directionality in the relationship between descriptive and injunctive parental and peer norms and snacking behavior in a three-year-cross-lagged study
Authors: Bevelander K. E. , Burk W. J. , Smit C. R. , van Woudenberg T. J. , Buijs L. , Buijzen M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
People’s eating behavior is assumed to be influenced by what other people do (perceived descriptive norms) and what others approve of (perceived injunctive norms). It has been suggested that adolescents are more susceptible to peer norms than parental norms, because they experience a strong need for group acceptance that leads to conforming to peer group norms. The current study examined changes in snacking behavior and four types of social norms (i.e., parental and peer descriptive and injunctive norms) that promoted fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents. This study was the first to examine whether snacking behavior also influenced norm perceptions by testing the directionality of these associations.

Methods
The study consisted of 819 participants (M [SD] age = 11.19 [1.36]; 46.1% boys), collected at three time points (T1 = 2016, T2 = 2017 and T3 = 2018) during the MyMovez project. Self-reported frequency of snack consumption, perceived parental and peer descriptive and injunctive norms were assessed. The primary analysis consisted of a series of cross-lagged autoregressive models specified in a structural equation modeling framework.

Results
Model comparisons testing the descriptive and injunctive norms in separate models and in an additional combined model revealed evidence for bi-directional associations between norms and snacking behavior. Descriptive peer and parent norms were not found to have an effect on subsequent snacking behaviors. Perceived injunctive parental norms were positively associated with healthy snack food intake and negatively associated with unhealthy snack intake (forward direction). Injunctive peer norms were negatively associated with healthy snack food intake. In addition, higher unhealthy snack food intake was negatively associated with the perception of descriptive and injunctive parental norms 1 year later (reversed direction). We did not find peer norms to be more closely associated with changes in snacking behaviors compared to parental norms.

Conclusions
Parents expecting their children to snack healthy had a positive influence on healthy snacking behavior whereas only acting as a healthy role model did not. Future research should address the possible interaction between descriptive and injunctive norms. Research should also take into account the bi-directional relations between eating behaviors and normative perceptions.
Development and validation of a prognostic model of resectable small-cell lung cancer: a large population-based cohort study and external validation
Authors: Wang Yu , Pang Zhaofei , Chen Xiaowei , Yan Tao , Liu Jichang , Du Jiajun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Survival outcomes of patients with resected SCLC differ widely. The aim of our study was to build a model for individualized risk assessment and accurate prediction of overall survival (OS) in resectable SCLC patients.

Methods
We collected 1052 patients with resected SCLC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Independent prognostic factors were selected by COX regression analyses, based on which a nomogram was constructed by R code. External validation were performed in 114 patients from Shandong Provincial Hospital. We conducted comparison between the new model and the AJCC staging system. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were applied to test the application of the risk stratification system.

Results
Sex, age, T stage, N stage, LNR, surgery and chemotherapy were identified to be independent predictors of OS, according which a nomogram was built. Concordance index (C-index) of the training cohort were 0.721, 0.708, 0.726 for 1-, 3- and 5-year OS, respectively. And that in the validation cohort were 0.819, 0.656, 0.708, respectively. Calibration curves also showed great prediction accuracy. In comparison with 8th AJCC staging system, improved net benefits in decision curve analyses (DCA) and evaluated integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were obtained. The risk stratification system can significantly distinguish the ones with different survival risk. We implemented the nomogram in a user-friendly webserver.

Conclusions
We built a novel nomogram and risk stratification system integrating clinicopathological characteristics and surgical procedure for resectable SCLC. The model showed superior prediction ability for resectable SCLC.
White-coat hypertension and incident end-stage renal disease in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: results from the C-STRIDE Study
Authors: Wang Qin , Wang Yu , Wang Jinwei , Zhang Luxia , Zhao Ming-hui ,   the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease (C-STRIDE), Zhao Ming-Hui , Zhang Luxia , Wang Xiaoqin , Yuan Jun , Zhou Qiaoling , Yuan Qiongjing , Chen Menghua , Zhou Xiaoling , Fu Shuxia , Li Shaomei , Zha Yan , Huang Rongsai , Liu Zhangsuo , Zhang JunJun , Wang Li , Pu Lei , Liu Jian , Li Suhua , Xiong Zuying , Liang Wei , Zhao Jinghong , Mu Jiao , Lian Xiyan , Liao Yunjuan , Gan Hua , Liao Liping , Wang Rong , Lv Zhimei , Liao Yunhua , Pan Ling , Yang Xiaoping , Lin Zhifeng , Tong Zongwu , Zhu Yun , He Qiang , Wu Fuquan , Li Rong , Rong Kai , Wang Caili , Zhang Yanhui , Wang Yue , Tang Wen , Wu Hua , Zhao Ban , Li Rongshan , Wang Lihua , Li Detian , Du Feng , Wu Yonggui , Zhang Wei , Lin Shan , Xu Pengcheng , Lin Hongli , Hu Zhao , Pei Fei , Zhang Haisong , Gao Yan , Sun Luying , Li Xia , Wang Wenke , Lv Fengling , Wang Deguang , Wang Xuerong , Xu Dongmei , Tang Lijun , Ma Yingchun , Wang Tingting , Fu Ping , Wang Tingli , Xing Changying , Zhang Chengning , Xu Xudong , He Haidong , Liao Xiaohui , Xie Shuqin , Hu Guicai , Huang Lan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundControversy remains whether white coat hypertension (WCH) is associated with renal prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsIn the present multicenter, prospective study, we analyzed data of participants with CKD stage 1–4 from the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease (C-STRIDE). WCH was defined according to two criteria as follows: A, clinical blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140/90 mm Hg and average 24-h ambulatory BP < 130/80 mm Hg; B, clinical BP ≥ 130/80 mm Hg and daytime ambulatory BP < 130/80 mm Hg. Renal outcome was defined as initiation of renal replacement therapy. The association of WCH with renal events was evaluated by Cox regression model.ResultsA total of 1714 patients with CKD were included in the present analysis. The mean age of the population was 48.9 ± 13.8 years and 56.8% were men. The mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 52.2 ± 30.1 ml/min/1.73 m2and urinary protein was 1.0 (0.4, 2.4) g/day. The overall prevalence of WCH was 4.7% and 16.6% according to criteria A and B, respectively. Incidence rates of renal events were 49.58 and 26.51 according to criteria A and B, respectively, per 1000 person-years during a median follow-up of 4.8 years. After full adjustment, WCH was associated with an increased risk of renal event (criterion A: hazard ratio 2.36, 95% confidence interval 1.29–4.34; for criterion B: hazard ratio 1.90, 95% confidence interval 1.04–3.49) compared with patients with normal BP.ConclusionsWCH is associated with a greater risk for renal events in non-dialysis dependent Chinese patients with CKD.
Neonatal Kawasaki disease with multiple arterial aneurysms: a case report
Authors: Zhao Qu-ming , Liang Xue-cun , Wu Lin , Liu Fang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis that typically occurs in children aged between 6 months and 5 years. It is extraordinarily rare in the neonatal period. KD-related systemic artery aneurysms (SAAs) have never been reported in neonates.

Case presentation
A male infant was transferred to our institution for persistent high-grade fever lasting 16 days. Symptoms started at day 14 of life, and he was admitted to a children’s hospital on the second day of fever. Physical examination at the time found no signs suggestive of KD. The only laboratory parameters which were of significance were values suggestive of systemic inflammation. However, his fever persisted and inflammatory markers continued to rise despite 2 weeks of antibiotic therapy. KD as a noninfectious cause of fever was considered when he came to our institution, and echocardiographic findings of left and right medium coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) confirmed our suspicions. Full-body magnetic resonance angiography also revealed bilateral axillary artery aneurysms. Administration of intravenous gamma globulin resulted in rapid improvement. His fever resolved on the next day and CAAs and SAAs regressed to normal at 6 months and 3 months after diagnosis, respectively.

Conclusion
This unique case of incomplete KD highlights the importance of considering KD in neonates with unexplained prolonged fever and reinforces the need to remain vigilant for SAAs in KD.