bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of High-Heeled Shoes on Balance and Lower-Extremity Biomechanics During Walking in Experienced and Novice High-Heeled Shoe Wearers
Authors: Lee Soul , Xu Miaomiao , Wang Lin , Li Jing Xian 
Published: September 2020

Background
Wearing high-heeled shoes and carrying asymmetrical loads are common in ladies. However, knowledge of the effects of wearing high-heeled shoes on balance and lower-extremity biomechanics in experienced and novice high-heeled shoe wearers is lacking. The study aims to examine the effects of high-heeled shoes and asymmetrical load carrying on joint kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremity during walking as well as balance in experienced and novice high-heeled shoe wearers.

Methods
Fifteen experienced and 15 novice high-heeled shoes wearers participated in this study. Using a motion analysis system, kinematic and kinetic data were collected while participants walked at their preferred speed in six conditions created from two types of shoes (9-cm high-heeled shoes and flat-heeled shoes) and three weights of symmetrical load (0%, 5%, and 10% of body weight). Stride time and length, step length, double support time, peak joint angles, and joint moments in a sagittal plane were analyzed. Single-leg and tandem-leg stance tests were performed in each condition.

Results
Compared with experienced high-heeled shoe wearers, novice high-heeled shoe wearers had longer double support time and shorter stride length during 10% of body weight asymmetrical load walking; walked with greater knee flexion angle, smaller knee range of motion, and smaller ankle dorsiflexor moment; and scored lower in the single-leg and tandem-leg stance tests.

Conclusions
Novice high-heeled shoe wearers need to alter their lower-limb joint angles and moments to adjust to high-heeled shoes to achieve balance during gait while carrying an asymmetrical load.
Clinicopathological findings and imaging features of intraductal papillary neoplasms in bile ducts
Authors: Zhang Honghui , Zhong Zhendong , Kong Gaoyin , Khan Junaid , Zou Lianhong , Jiang Yu , Liu Xiehong , Tang Yixun , Jiang Bo , Peng Chuang , Song Yinghui , Liu Sulai 
Published: September 2020

Background
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct (IPMN-B) is considered an uncommon tumor, and there is limited understanding of IPMN-B. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis and influential factors of the IPMN-B from 58 cases.

Methods
The clinical data of 58 patients with pathologically confirmed IPMN-B admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2012 to August 2017 were collected and analyzed. The patients were followed up by outpatient or telephone until January 1, 2019. SPSS 19.0 software was applied for data analysis. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method and parallel Log-rank test. Prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and multiple Cox regression model.

Results
Among of all the patients, 26 cases were benign tumors and 32 cases were malignant tumors. The preoperative tumor markers CA242 and CEA of malignant IPNM-B patients were significantly higher than those in benign tumors (P < 0.05). Survival analysis showed that patients with malignant tumors had a worse prognosis. The median survival time of malignant IPMN-B patients was 40.6 ± 3.0 months, yet median survival time of benign IPMN-B patients was not reached (P = 0.19). The one-year survival rate and three-year survival rate of benign IPMN-B were 84% and 74% respectively. The one-year survival rate and three-year survival rate of malignant IPMN-B were 88% and 64% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that combined lymph node metastasis, surgical method, and differentiation degree could affect patients’ prognosis (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed differentiation degree was an independent risk factor affecting prognosis (OR = 0.06, 95% confidence interval: 0.007∼0.486, P < 0.05).

Conclusion
The levels of CEA and CA242 were helpful to identify benign and malignant of IPNM-B. Moreover, radical surgical resection could prolong patients’ survival. Finally, differentiation degree was an independent risk factor affecting malignant IPNM-B prognosis.
A Catalogue of the Thylacine captured on film
Authors: Sleightholme Stephen R. , Campbell Cameron R. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The authors present a comprehensive catalogue of 112 known photographs of the Thylacine or Tasmanian tiger (Thylacinus cynocephalus), both from zoological collections and the small number of images that were taken in the wild. Throughout the literature, numerous inaccuracies relating to the provenance of the photographs have entered into publication. These errors often go unchallenged and are blindly replicated in subsequent publications as truths. The perpetuation of such errors can only frustrate or complicate future research effort into the species, hence the need for a reliable reference. This paper provides a summary of the work involved in developing the catalogue, together with a synopsis of the findings. The catalogue has been named the Thylacine Image Registry [TIR], and is published here for the first time.
Possible Effect of Aromatic Plants and Essential Oils against COVID-19: Review of Their Antiviral Activity
Authors: Tshibangu Damien S. T. , Matondo Aristote , Lengbiye Emmanuel M. , Inkoto Clement L. , Ngoyi Etienne M. , Kabengele Carlos N. , Bongo Gedeon N. , Gbolo Benjamin Z. , Kilembe Jason T. , Mwanangombo Domaine T. , Mbadiko Clement M. , Mihigo Shetonde O. , Tshilanda Dorothée D. , Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa , Mpiana Pius T. 
Published: September 2020

Aim: Till now, no specific treatment is available for COVID-19. This work is carried out with the aim of verifying in the literature the antiviral properties of aromatic plants and essential oils that can justify their use against the causative agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2.
Methodology: The literature review was based mainly on the usual databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central., Science Direct, SCIELO, DOAJ, Science alert, Semantic scholar and Google scholar.
Results: A survey of literature reveals that aromatic plants and their essential oils are active against a large number of viruses (Herpes virus-1, Herpes virus-2, HIV, Adeno virus, Hepatite B Virus, Enterovirus 71, JUNV, etc.) and even against SARS-CoV-1 which has 96% of the same genetic background with SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusion: Aromatic plants and their essential oils exhibit high antiviral activities against several types of viruses. This evidence stemming from several experimental studies means that some compounds derived from essential oils could act as inhibitors of COVID-19.
Molecular docking investigations and pharmacoinformatics of some compounds derived from essential oils with SARS-CoV-2 protease are in progress to identify the potential inhibitors of the virus.
Perception and Attitude of Healthcare Providers towards Clinical Pharmacists at Near East University Hospital in Northern Cyprus
Authors: Malik Sami Shabbir , Birand Nevzat , Başgut Bilgen 
Published: September 2020

Aims: The aim of study is to assess the perception and attitude of healthcare professionals towards clinical pharmacists in a university hospital North Cyprus.
Study Design: A cross-sectional survey study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Near East University Hospital in Northern Cyprus setting from May 2017 to July 2017 for 3 months.
Methodology: A total of 256 healthcare providers (45 physicians, 80 nurses, and 131 intern medical students) from a tertiary hospital in North Cyprus participated in this study. A questionnaire was distributed to assess the perception and attitude of healthcare professionals towards clinical pharmacists. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 18. A p-value of less than 0.05 (p<0.05) was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Eighty-seven (66.4%) of intern medical students have recognized the role of clinical pharmacists in minimising adverse drug reaction and improving therapeutic outcome of the patients through pharmaceutical care. Twenty-five (55.6%) of physicians were comfortable with the clinical pharmacist participating in the ward rounds and providing consultation to physicians regarding individual patients. Fifty-seven (71.3%) of the nurses have confirmed the clinical pharmacist as playing a role in the identification of the drug interactions. A significant difference exists between responses of the healthcare providers (physicians and nurses) and the intern medical students regarding the perception towards improvement in the field of the clinical pharmacist (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: This study has been shown that physicians have a positive attitude towards clinical pharmacy services. Healthcare providers are aware of the role of clinical pharmacists in the healthcare system. A multidisciplinary workspace could be created between clinical pharmacists and healthcare providers to deliver better healthcare service to patients.
Determinants Sorghum Market among Smallholder Farmers in Kafta Humera District Tigeray Ethiopia
Authors: Meleaku Tewoderos , Goshu Degye , Tegegne Bosena 
Published: September 2020

Markets are important for economic growth and development of a given country to ensure sustainable supply of food. Failure of market leads to failure of adoption of new technology which is necessary for increasing productivity. Sorghum has been considered as a strategic crop by the Ethiopian government aiming at enhancing food security and essential source of income for farmers as whole economic benefits to the country. Smallholder’s farmers producing about 95 percent of the national agricultural production increasing market participation among smallholder farmers have a big opportunity to boost their living standards. The objective of this study was analyzing factors determining smallholder sorghum farmer decision to participate in output market and level of marketed output smallholder farmers in Kafta-Humera district of Tigeray Ethiopia. A two stage sampling technique was used to select 289 sample farmers who were interviewed using a semi- structured questionnaire to obtain data pertaining to sorghum production during the year 2016/2017. Descriptive and Tobit regression analyses were used to determine the key factors that influence household participation in the market in terms of volumes of product sales. The study identified that quantity of sorghum supplied to the market was positively affected by credit, extension contact, training, sorghum farm size, current price of sorghum and education, while family size and lagged price of sesame negatively affected. These indicate that there is a room to increase in supply and intensity of sorghum in the study area. Therefore, government authorities and other concerned bodies should take into consideration the mentioned demographic, socioeconomic and institutional factors to increase supply of sorghum to the market in study area.
Impact of the addition of a clinical pharmacist to a community hospital psychiatric consult liaison team
Authors: Rainey Carly A. , Palmer Melissa C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe objective of this data analysis was to assess the impact of the addition of a clinical psychiatric pharmacist to a community hospital inpatient psychiatric consult liaison team. Consult liaison psychiatry deals with medically ill patients in general hospital settings and involves the timely recognition and treatment of mental health conditions while coordinating with other medical providers. Each patient consulted to the psychiatry team was reviewed by the clinical pharmacist. Recommendations made by the clinical pharmacist were tracked over a 9-month period. During that time frame, 596 opportunities for intervention were identified. The largest proportion of identified opportunities for intervention were related to admission medication reconciliation, equating to roughly 30%. Optimization of safe medication use had the second largest number of opportunities for intervention at approximately 27%. Additional data, such as time spent on patient care, reason for consultation, and number of accepted recommendations based on medication class/type of intervention, were collected.
Cellular senescence in cancer: from mechanisms to detection
Authors: Ou Hui‐Ling , Hoffmann Reuben , González‐López Cristina , Doherty Gary J. , Korkola James E. , Muñoz‐Espín Daniel 
Published: September 2020

Senescence refers to a cellular state featuring a stable cell‐cycle arrest triggered in response to stress. This response also involves other distinct morphological and intracellular changes including alterations in gene expression and epigenetic modifications, elevated macromolecular damage, metabolism deregulation and a complex pro‐inflammatory secretory phenotype. The initial demonstration of oncogene‐induced senescence in vitro established senescence as an important tumour‐suppressive mechanism, in addition to apoptosis. Senescence not only halts the proliferation of premalignant cells but also facilitates the clearance of affected cells through immunosurveillance. Failure to clear senescent cells owing to deficient immunosurveillance may, however, lead to a state of chronic inflammation that nurtures a pro‐tumorigenic microenvironment favouring cancer initiation, migration and metastasis. In addition, senescence is a response to post‐therapy genotoxic stress. Therefore, tracking the emergence of senescent cells becomes pivotal to detect potential pro‐tumorigenic events. Current protocols for the in vivo detection of senescence require the analysis of fixed or deep‐frozen tissues, despite a significant clinical need for real‐time bioimaging methods. Accuracy and efficiency of senescence detection are further hampered by a lack of universal and more specific senescence biomarkers. Recently, in an attempt to overcome these hurdles, an assortment of detection tools has been developed. These strategies all have significant potential for clinical utilisation and include flow cytometry combined with histo‐ or cytochemical approaches, nanoparticle‐based targeted delivery of imaging contrast agents, OFF‐ON fluorescent senoprobes, positron emission tomography senoprobes and analysis of circulating SASP factors, extracellular vesicles and cell‐free nucleic acids isolated from plasma. Here, we highlight the occurrence of senescence in neoplasia and advanced tumours, assess the impact of senescence on tumorigenesis and discuss how the ongoing development of senescence detection tools might improve early detection of multiple cancers and response to therapy in the near future.
Cryo‐EM structure of fission yeast tetrameric α‐mannosidase Ams1
Authors: Zhang Jianxiu , Wang Ying‐Ying , Du Li‐Lin , Ye Keqiong 
Published: September 2020

Fungal α‐mannosidase Ams1 and its mammalian homolog MAN2C1 hydrolyze terminal α‐linked mannoses in free oligosaccharides released from misfolded glycoproteins or lipid‐linked oligosaccharide donors. Ams1 is transported by selective autophagy into vacuoles. Here, we determine the tetrameric structure of Ams1 from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe at 3.2 Å resolution by cryo‐electron microscopy. Distinct from a low resolution structure of S. cerevisiae Ams1, S. pombe Ams1 has a prominent N‐terminal tail that mediates tetramerization and an extra β‐sheet domain. Ams1 shares a conserved active site with other enzymes in glycoside hydrolase family 38, to which Ams1 belongs, but contains extra N‐terminal domains involved in tetramerization. The atomic structure of Ams1 reported here will aid understanding of its enzymatic activity and transport mechanism.
How citizen scientists contribute to monitor protected areas thanks to automatic plant identification tools
Authors: Bonnet Pierre , Joly Alexis , Faton Jean‐Michel , Brown Susan , Kimiti David , Deneu Benjamin , Servajean Maximilien , Affouard Antoine , Lombardo Jean‐Christophe , Mary Laura , Vignau Christel , Munoz François 
Published: September 2020

Abstract1. Successful monitoring and management of plant resources worldwide needs the involvement of civil society to support natural reserve managers. Because it is difficult to correctly and quickly identify plant species for non‐specialists, the development of recent techniques based on automatic visual identification should facilitate and increase public engagement in citizen science initiatives.2. Automatic identification platforms are new to most citizen scientists and land managers. Pl@ntNet is such a platform, available since 2013 on web and mobile environments, and now included in several workflows such as invasive alien species management, endemic species monitoring, educational activities and eco‐tourism practices. The successful development of such platforms needs to identify their strengths and weaknesses in order to improve and facilitate their use in all aspects of ecosystem management.3. Here we present two Pl@ntNet citizen science initiatives used by conservation practitioners in Europe (France) and Africa (Kenya). We discuss various perspectives, including benefits and limitations. Based on the experiences of field managers, we formulate several recommendations for future initiatives. The recommendations are aimed at a diverse group of conservation managers and citizen science practitioners.
Information Seeking
Authors: Ruppel Erin K. , Kahlow Jessica A. , Pu Zhixin 
Published: September 2020

Information seeking is the intentional or purposive acquisition of stimuli that contribute to one's knowledge or beliefs. People typically seek information to reduce their uncertainty about a situation or another person. However, information seeking can also be used to manage uncertainty in other ways, such as trying to increase one's uncertainty about something. A variety of disciplines study information seeking; these include communication, library and information sciences, and psychology. Across these disciplines, information seeking research aims to understand the types of sources people use to seek information, the factors that predict whether and how people will seek information, and the consequences of information seeking that people experience.
Sources of information include interpersonal sources such as friends, family, or support groups; people with expertise on the topic; books, magazines, pamphlets, and other publications; broadcast media such as television and radio; and the Internet. Sources can vary in their orientation toward entertainment or information, their tailorability, and their credibility. Information seeking is predicted by demographic factors such as age and gender, personal factors such as self‐efficacy, and experiences such as social support. Information searches can have positive results such as increased knowledge, uncertainty management, and positive behavior change, or negative results such as information overload. Theoretical or conceptual frameworks such as the sense‐making methodology, the comprehensive model of information seeking, uncertainty management theory, and the berrypicking model help explain people's information seeking behaviors and experiences. Other, related types of information behaviors include information scanning and information avoidance.
Hematology and Biochemistry Panel Reference Intervals for Captive Saddleback Clownfish Amphiprion polymnus and Tomato Clownfish A. frenatus
Authors: Wright Sarah E. , Stacy Nicole I. , Yanong Roy P. , Juhl Reilee N. , Lewbart Gregory A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Reference intervals of blood analytes are important diagnostic tools that clinicians use as a basis for making clinical decisions and that have been documented for many fish species. Although the effects of dietary supplementation on hematology and blood biochemistry variables in clownfish have been shown, there are no published reference intervals to date for routine hematology and blood biochemistry panels for these popular cultured marine fish (including Amphiprion spp.). The objective of this study was to establish de novo reference intervals for selected hemogram data and, using whole blood analysis, commonly utilized chemistry analytes in two species of aquacultured clownfish: the Tomato Clownfish Amphiprion frenatus and Saddleback Clownfish A. polymnus. This study is based on blood samples from 25 clinically normal Tomato Clownfish and 38 clinically normal Saddleback Clownfish from two clownfish production facilities in Florida. Guidelines by the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology were followed to generate robust reference intervals from the data collected. We report descriptive statistics and reference intervals for several hematology (n = 12) and biochemistry (n = 8) analytes using a small sample size and a small amount of blood per sample. The blood analyte data from this study are comparable with hematology and biochemistry data that have been reported in other teleost species. These results provide baseline health data for clownfish species that can be used in various clinical settings while also serving as a springboard for further research studies.
Imaging‐based pregenetic screening for NOTCH3 p.R544C mutation in ischemic stroke in Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Wen , Chen Chih‐Hao , Hu Chaur‐Jong , Chiou Hung‐Yi , Tang Sung‐Chun , Jeng Jiann‐Shing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo develop an easily applicable screening score to guide NOTCH3 p.R544C genetic testing for patients who presented with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events in Taiwan.Methods1734 patients who presented with ischemic cerebrovascular events were enrolled from the Formosa Stroke Genetic Consortium stroke registry and were screened for the NOTCH3 p.R544C mutation. Clinical and MRI characteristics of NOTCH3 p.R544C mutation carriers (n = 36) and a subset of noncarriers (n = 673) were tested in a logistic regression model to identify key features associated with the NOTCH3 p.R544C carrier status. Variables and their odds ratios in the regression model were used to develop the R544C screening score to predict positive NOTCH3 p.R544C test results.ResultsWe constructed the R544C screening score using five clinical and imaging characteristics, including stroke onset before 50 years of age, the small vessel occlusion subtype, a family history of stroke/TIA in siblings, external capsule involvement, and advanced deep white matter hyperintensity. The area under the ROC curve of the screening score was 0.867 (95% CI = 0.810‐0.924). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 0.75, 0.88, 0.13, 0.99, and 0.88, respectively, for a cutoff score of 5 points. In addition, the R544C screening score was validated in another cohort composed of 235 stroke patients with comparable performance (area under the ROC curve = 0.957, 95% CI = 0.916‐0.997).InterpretationsFor Taiwanese patients presenting with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events, the R544C screening score is easily applicable and can efficiently select high‐risk patients for NOTCH3 p.R544C mutation test.