bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatially Resolved Properties of Galaxies from CANDELS+MUSE: Radial Extinction Profile and Insights on Quenching
Authors: Jafariyazani Marziye , Mobasher Bahram , Hemmati Shoubaneh , Fetherolf Tara , Khostovan Ali Ahmad , Chartab Nima 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Studying the internal processes of individual galaxies at kilo-parsec scales is crucial in enhancing our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution processes. In this work, we investigate the distribution of star formation rate (SFR), specific SFR (sSFR), and dust attenuation across individual galaxies for a sample of 32 galaxies selected from the MUSE-Wide Survey at 0.1 < z < 0.42 with a dynamic range in stellar masses between 107.7 and 1010.3
M
⊙. We take advantage of the high spatial resolution of the MUSE integral field spectrograph and measure reliable spatially resolved Hα and Hβ emission-line maps for individual galaxies. We also derive resolved stellar mass, SFR and dust maps using pixel-by-pixel spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting on high-resolution multiband Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Advanced Camera for Surveys and HST/Wide Field Camera 3 data from the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey survey. By combining these, we analyze the radial profile of various physical parameters across these galaxies. We observe a radial dependence in both stellar and nebular color excess profiles peaking at the inner regions of galaxies. We also find the color excess profiles to most strongly correlate with the integrated sSFRs of galaxies. The median sSFRHα
radial profiles of galaxies in our sample show a 0.8 dex increase from the central regions outward. This increase compared with the almost flat median radial profile of sSFRSED, which traces longer timescales of star formation, is in favor of the inside-out quenching of star formation. We bring further evidence for this quenching scenario from the locus of different subregions of galaxies on the SFR–M
* and sSFR–M
* relations.
Core–Envelope Coupling in Intermediate-mass Core-helium Burning Stars
Authors: Tayar Jamie , Beck Paul G. , Pinsonneault Marc H. , García Rafael A. , Mathur Savita 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Stars between two and three solar masses rotate rapidly on the main sequence, and the detection of slow core and surface rotation in the core-helium burning phase for these stars places strong constraints on their angular momentum transport and loss. From a detailed asteroseismic study of the mixed-dipole mode pattern in a carefully selected, representative sample of stars, we find that slow core rotation rates in the range reported by prior studies are a general phenomenon and not a selection effect. We show that the core rotation rates of these stars decline strongly with decreasing surface gravity during the core He-burning phase. We argue that this is a model-independent indication of significant rapid angular momentum transport between the cores and envelopes of these stars. We see a significant range in core rotation rates at all surface gravities, with little evidence for a convergence toward a uniform value. We demonstrate using evolutionary models that measured surface rotation periods are a biased tracer of the true surface rotation distribution, and we argue for using stellar models for interpreting the contrast between core and surface rotation rates. The core rotation rates we measure do not have a strong mass or metallicity dependence. We argue that the emerging data strongly favor a model where angular momentum transport is much more efficient during the core He-burning phase than in the shell-burning phases that precede and follow it.
On the Rapid Orbital Expansion in the Compact Low-mass X-Ray Binary 2A 1822–371
Authors: Xing Ze-Pei , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binary 2A 1822−371 has an orbital period of 5.57 hr. Mass transfer in such short-period binaries is thought to be driven by magnetic braking with orbital shrinking. However, 2A 1822−371 shows a very rapid orbital expansion, implying that mass transfer occurs rapidly in this system. The accretion rate of the NS is observationally estimated to be higher than the Eddington limit, which is also hard to explain by the standard magnetic braking mechanism. In this work, we construct a model to account for the peculiar properties of 2A 1822−371. We assume that the donor star possesses a relatively strong magnetic field, which is coupled with the stellar winds excited by the X-ray radiation from the NS. This would generate efficient angular momentum loss, leading to a high mass transfer rate and hence orbital expansion. We provide possible evolutionary tracks of 2A 1822−371 and study how the input parameters affect the results. The observational implications of the irradiation-driven mass loss are also briefly discussed in the context of evolution of low-mass X-ray binaries and millisecond pulsars.
Supernovae within Pre-existing Wind-blown Bubbles: Dust Injection versus Ambient Dust Destruction
Authors: Martínez-González Sergio , Wünsch Richard , Silich Sergiy , Tenorio-Tagle Guillermo , Palouš Jan , Ferrara Andrea 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
By means of 3D hydrodynamical simulations, we evaluate here the impact that supernova (SN) explosions occurring within wind-driven bubbles have on the survival or destruction of dust grains. We consider both the dust generated within the ejecta and the dust initially present in the ambient gas and later locked up in the surrounding wind-driven shell (WDS). The collision of the SN blast wave with the WDS leads to a transmitted shock that moves into the shell and a reflected shock that moves into the ejecta. The transmitted shock is capable of destroying large amounts of the dust locked in the shell, but only if the mass of the WDS is small, less than a few tens the ejected mass. Conversely, massive WDSs, with several times the ejected mass, lead upon the interaction to strong radiative cooling, which inhibits the Sedov–Taylor phase and weakens the transmitted shock, making it unable to traverse the WDS. In such a case, the destruction/disruption of the ambient dust is largely inhibited. On the other hand, the SN remnants grow rapidly in the very tenuous region excavated by the stellar winds, and thus a large fraction of the dust generated within the ejecta is not efficiently destroyed by the SN reverse shock, nor by the reflected shock. Our calculations favor a scenario in which core-collapse SNe within sufficiently massive WDSs supply more dust to the interstellar medium than they are able to destroy.
Climates of Warm Earth-like Planets. III. Fractional Habitability from a Water Cycle Perspective
Authors: Del Genio Anthony D. , Way M. J. , Kiang Nancy Y. , Aleinov Igor , Puma Michael J. , Cook Benjamin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The habitable fraction of a planet’s surface is important for the detectability of surface biosignatures. The extent and distribution of habitable areas are influenced by external parameters that control the planet’s climate, atmospheric circulation, and hydrological cycle. We explore these issues using the ROCKE-3D general circulation model, focusing on terrestrial water fluxes and thus the potential for the existence of complex life on land. Habitability is examined as a function of insolation and planet rotation for an Earth-like world with zero obliquity and eccentricity orbiting the Sun. We assess fractional habitability using an aridity index that measures the net supply of water to the land. Earth-like planets become “superhabitable” (a larger habitable surface area than Earth) as insolation and day-length increase because their climates become more equable, reminiscent of past warm periods on Earth when complex life was abundant and widespread. The most slowly rotating, most highly irradiated planets, though, occupy a hydrological regime unlike any on Earth, with extremely warm, humid conditions at high latitudes but little rain and subsurface water storage. Clouds increasingly obscure the surface as insolation increases, but visibility improves for modest increases in rotation period. Thus, moderately slowly rotating rocky planets with insolation near or somewhat greater than modern Earth’s appear to be promising targets for surface characterization by a future direct imaging mission.
Clinical Photoablation With a 500-Hz Scanning Spot Excimer Laser
Authors: Iseli Hans Peter , Mrochen Michael , Hafezi Farhad , Seiler Theo 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to use a 500-Hz scanning spot laser (Concept500, WaveLight Laser Technologie AG, Erlangen, Germany) to investigate potential side effects that might be associated with the use of a high repetition rate laser platform.
METHODS: Seven eyes were treated using a 500-Hz scanning spot laser for laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). The local frequency of the ablation was kept below 40 Hz to avoid local heating of corneal tissue. With the exception of the high repetition rate (500 Hz), all other laser parameters such as fluence, algorithm, ablation profile, and spot diameter were identical to a standard WaveLight Allegretto laser system. Patients were examined at 1 month and 1 year after initial treatment. Preoperative and postoperative examination included manifest sphere and cylinder, uncorrected and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA).
RESULTS: All eyes were treated for myopia or myopic astigmatism. Five eyes received spherocylindrical and two eyes spherical ablation only. No adverse events correlated with the use of a high repetition rate laser system were observed during surgery or at any point during follow-up. All eyes maintained or had improved BSCVA at 12 months after treatment when compared to preoperative values.
CONCLUSION: The use of an excimer laser with a maximal repetition rate of 500 Hz and a local repetition rate of less than 40 Hz was free of any specific side effect that might be associated with the use of such a high repetition rate. [J Refract Surg 2004;20:831-834]
Theoretical Elastic Response of the Cornea to Refractive Surgery: Risk Factors for Keratectasia
Authors: Guirao Antonio 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To explore the role that mechanical elastic factors may have in post-refractive surgery corneal phenomena, from mild curvature changes to keratectasia.
METHODS: The central cornea near the apex was modeled as an elastic spherical thin shell loaded by the intraocular pressure (IOP). Equations for myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) were obtained to estimate shifts and curvature changes of the posterior corneal surface at the apex. The effect of every parameter was studied, identifying potential risk factors for ectasia.
RESULTS: Theoretically, corneal thinning by ablation will produce an elastic deformation of the posterior surface that depends on the corneal parameters (curvature, Young's modulus, Poisson ratio, and thickness), the IOP, and the ablation profile. In particular, a forward shift and an increase in power of the posterior surface was predicted for myopic LASIK, in agreement with previous experimental findings. These changes rise non-linearly with the attempted correction, and are greater for thinner preoperative corneas, higher IOP, smaller Young's modulus, and thicker flaps. Corneas with Young's modulus half the average or less, or thickness <500 µm, may present high risk of ectasia, especially for high IOP and thick flaps.
CONCLUSIONS: Some postoperative effects may be explained in part by elasticity. Research efforts are needed to explain other biomechanical behaviors. The accepted criterion of 250 µm residual bed is insufficient for fine patient screening-depending on the individual ocular parameters, it could be more restrictive. Advances in technology are needed to create a preoperative examination including two-dimensional maps of topography, pachymetry, and Young's modulus. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:176-185.]
Laser in situ Keratomileusis for Correction of Myopia in Eyes After Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Barequet Irina S , Levy Jaime , Klemperer Itamar , Hirsh Ami , Pollack Ayala , Lifshitz Tova , Levinger Samuel 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correction of myopia in eyes with previous retinal detachment surgery.
METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of all consecutive eyes that underwent LASIK after retinal detachment surgery. Data was collected regarding previous ocular surgery and its time prior to LASIK, intra- and postoperative complications, and visual outcome measures pre- and postoperatively.
RESULTS: Ten eyes with previous retinal detachment surgery were scheduled for LASIK. One eye was excluded from data analysis as LASIK was aborted due to inadequate microkeratome suction because of conjunctival scarring. Nine eyes underwent an uneventful LASIK procedure. On average, LASIK was performed 130±123 months following retinal detachment surgery. Postoperative LASIK follow-up was 14.8±12.5 months. No significant intraoperative, postoperative, or retinal complications were observed. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -9.00±3.00 diopters (D), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.06±0.02, and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was 0.64 ±0.16. At the end of follow-up, the mean spherical equivalent refraction was 0.65±0.88 D, mean UCVA was 0.57±0.14, and mean BSCVA was 0.72±0.19. Differences between BSCVA before and after LASIK were statistically significant (P=.038). At final follow-up, the safety index was 1.22 and efficacy index was 1.01.
CONCLUSIONS: Laser in situ keratomileusis was found to be a safe and efficient option for treating refractive errors in eyes with previous retinal detachment surgery. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:191-193.]
Treating Keratoconus With Intacs Corneal Ring Segments
Authors: Hellstedt Timo , Mäkelä Janna , Uusitalo Raimo , Emre Sinan , Uusitalo Risto 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of Intacs inserts for the treatment of mild to moderate keratoconus.
METHODS: In a nonrandomized prospective clinical trial, 50 eyes of 37 patients with mild to moderate keratoconus were implanted with asymmetrical pairs of Intacs segments. Patients were interviewed and observed preoperative^ and 24 hours, 1 week, 1,3,6, and 12 months postoperatively. Main outcome measures were uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), refraction, satisfaction with vision and trouble with vision, Visual Function-7 score, and surgically induced change in corneal astigmatism.
RESULTS: Of the 50 operations performed, 92% were successful. Mean follow-up was 6.3 ±3.2 months. In 4 (8%) eyes, both Intacs segments were removed. In addition, 7 refractive adjustments in 7 eyes were performed successfully to improve visual and surgical outcome. Both BSCVA and UCVA improved throughout follow-up. Visual functioning index improved from 61.6 ±21.1 to 80. 8 ±22.5, and the percentage of satisfaction with vision improved from 24.3% to 87.5% at 12 months. Vector analysis of astigmatism correction showed that the mean change in corneal astigmatism was 2.9 ±2.9 D at 6 months postoperatively. By selecting patients in whom astigmatism correction was best (index of success > 0.5), an analysis was performed to determine individual factors important in successful surgery. Preoperative Iy these 11 (22%) eyes did not differ significantly from the remaining eyes and the only significant value was low K readings in the flat axis.
CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetric Intacs placement improves BSCVA and UCVA and reduces astigmatism in patients with mild to moderate keratoconus. The procedure of Intacs placement is safe and effective. The change in astigmatism correction is unpredictable. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:236-246.]
Strategic Planning in Topography-guided Ablation of Irregular Astigmatism After Laser Refractive Surgery
Authors: Stojanovic Aleksandar , Suput Dasa 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To identify an optimal customized ablation strategy in the treatment of eyes with secondary irregular astigmatism.
METHODS: Corneal anterior surface elevation maps of 50 eyes with secondary irregular astigmatism after decentered laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and 50 virgin eyes were used for customized ablation simulations. Two ablation simulations with targeted postoperative surfaces perpendicular to either the visual or corneal morphological axis were made for each eye. All ablations were programmed for correction of corneal irregularities, including corneal astigmatism. The manifest refractive error was not corrected. Optical diameter was 6.5 mm and total diameter was 7.5 mm. Maximum ablation depths and maximum transition zone gradients were registered and analyzed.
RESULTS: In eyes with secondary irregular astigmatism, mean maximum ablation depth was 48.21 ± 25.96 µm and 26.31 ± 14.08 µm, whereas mean maximum transition zone gradient was 29.07 ± 25.15 µm and 9.88 ± 6.41 µm in ablation simulations based on the visual and corneal morphological axes, respectively. The difference between the ablation strategies was highly statistically significant for both parameters (P<.001). In virgin eyes, only a minor difference was noted between the visual and corneal morphological axis ablation simulations (P=.15 for maximum ablation depths and P=.19 for maximum transition zone gradient).
CONCLUSIONS: In secondary irregular astigmatism, ablation based on the corneal morphological axis appears to minimize corneal tissue consumption and allows a smoother transition zone. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:369-376.]
Intraocular Pressure Measurement After Hyperopic and Myopic LASIK
Authors: Jarade Elias F , Nader FranÇoise C Abi , Tabbara Khaled F 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the effects of hyperopic and myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by Goldmann applanation tonometry.
METHODS: Intraocular pressure was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry pre- and postoperatively in 48 hyperopic eyes (26 patients) and 56 myopic eyes (28 patients).
RESULTS: The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was +3.97±2.48 diopters (D) in the hyperopic group and -6.73±4.79 D in the myopic group. Attempted correction was equivalent to preoperative refraction in each group. Mean preoperative IOP was 14.22±2.56 mmHg and 13.70±2.09 mmHg in the hyperopic and myopic groups, respectively. Following LASIK, the mean IOP was 11.85±2.52 mmHg and 11.38±3.08 mmHg in the hyperopic and myopic groups, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: The IOP measurement was significantly reduced (P<.001) by 2.37±2.25 mmHg and 2.32±2.89 mmHg following hyperopic and myopic LASIK, respectively. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:408-410.]
African Elephants, Roan Antelope, Language and Rock Art
Authors: Thackeray J. Francis 
Published: December 2019

Les données linguistiques et éthologiques concernant les éléphants sont examinées en lien avec l’art rupestre d’Afrique du Sud, avec une attention particulière pour le comportement de ces grands animaux à défense qui deviennent dangereux et agressifs quand ils sont blessés. C’est le cas également de l’antilope rouanne (hippotrague) qui possède de longues cornes courbes. Dans cet article, je tente de démontrer que le comportement des éléphants et des antilopes blessés a pu constituer le point de départ de l’expression de quelques concepts identifiables dans l’art rupestre. Les mots peuvent être considérés comme des « fossiles » dans le contexte de ce que je nommerais une paléontologie linguistique.
La ressource sol et les traits archéopédologiques utiles dans les structures archéologiques : vers un enregistrement systématique ?
Authors: Fechner Kai , Broes Frédéric 
Published: December 2019

Treize traits pédologiques ou unités d’altération sont proposés à des fins de description systématique. Il s’agit de différents types de micro-laminations, d’agencements en escalier des couches, d’effondrements de paroi montrant des fragments de sol, d’une concavité marquée liée à la maturation du comblement, d’une décomposition plus ou moins avancée des artefacts et écofacts minéraux, d’une décomposition plus ou moins avancée des artefacts et écofacts organiques, du remplissage rapide fait de fragments bien délimités, d’une compaction en plaquettes liée à l’impact d’une structure lourde ou au passage, d’une ornière ou d’un piétinement, d’une accumulation plus ou moins concentrée d’oxydes ou d’hydroxydes liée à l’oxydoréduction, de la rubéfaction in situ par le feu, de la mélanisation (noircissement/brunification/bleuissement) in situ par le feu, de la présence de dépôts in situ issus du feu et, enfin, de la présence de dépôts remaniés issus du feu. Cette première étape qui consiste en une meilleure description des séquences stratigraphiques, ne remplace pas les étapes ultérieures d’étude et d’interprétation par les géoarchéologues. Elle augmente le potentiel d’interprétation des structures archéologiques, si l’on systématise l’enregistrement des phénomènes de (trans) formation pédologiques dans les coupes et décapages. Cela a été expérimenté pour les fosses et tombes, fossés, palissades, chemins et enclos, horizons de surface anciens, levées de terre, structures de combustion et terres cuites, unités architecturales, entre autres pour les périodes néolithiques et post-néolithiques en Europe du nord-ouest, mais toujours de manière ponctuelle. Une application plus systématique est donc indispensable dès le terrain. Enfin, les raisons de la non-systématisation passée de cette récolte d’indices, pourtant directement disponibles, sont évoquées, ainsi qu’une recherche de solutions, initiées par les voies pédagogique et informatique.
Changshan (Chine) : l’enregistrement du corpus céramique par la MAFNEC
Authors: Duval Pauline , Sebillaud Pauline , Jing Zhongwei 
Published: December 2019

Le site de Changshan, dans la province du Jilin en Chine, occupé périodiquement du Néolithique à l’époque médiévale, a fait l’objet d’une seconde campagne de fouille en 2017. Ce chantier résulte d’une coopération entre le département d’archéologie de l’université du Jilin et la Mission Archéologique Franco-chinoise dans le Nord-Est de la Chine (la MAFNEC). La partie française de l’équipe était en charge de l’étude préliminaire du corpus céramique et de la mise en place d’un système d’enregistrement homogène. Or, la conception de l’archéologie en Europe contraste de celle appliquée en Chine, nécessitant l’adaptation des méthodes. C’est dans la conciliation de ces différents modèles que nous avons développé deux fiches d’enregistrement : l’une pour les objets isolés et l’autre de quantification.