bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulatory T cells participate in the recovery of ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Santamaría-Cadavid María , Rodríguez-Castro Emilio , Rodríguez-Yáñez Manuel , Arias-Rivas Susana , López-Dequidt Iria , Pérez-Mato María , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel , López-Loureiro Ignacio , Hervella Pablo , Campos Francisco , Castillo José , Iglesias-Rey Ramón , Sobrino Tomás 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Recent preclinical studies have shown that regulatory T (Treg) cells play a key role in the immune response after ischemic stroke (IS). However, the role of Treg-cells in human acute IS has been poorly investigated. Our aim was to study the relationship between circulating Treg-cells and outcome in human IS patients.Methods Methods: A total of 204 IS patients and 22 control subjects were recruited. The main study variable was good functional outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin scale ≤2) considering infarct volume, Early Neurological Deterioration (END) and risk of infections as secondary variables. The percentage of circulating Treg-cells was measured at admission, 48, 72h and at day 7 after stroke onset.Results Results: Circulating Treg-cell levels were higher in IS patients compared to control subjects. Treg-cells at 48h were independently associated with good functional outcome (OR, 3.5; CI: 1.9-7.8) after adjusting by confounding factors. Patients with lower Treg-cells at 48h showed higher frequency of END and risk of infections. In addition, a negative correlation was found between circulating Treg-cells at 48h (r=-0.414) and 72h (r=-0.418) and infarct volume.Conclusions Conclusions: These findings suggest that Treg-cells may participate in the recovery of IS patients. Therefore, Treg-cells may be considered a potential therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke.
The metabolome as a link in the genotype-phenotype map for peroxide resistance in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Harrison Benjamin R , Wang Lu , Gajda Erika , Hoffman Elise V. , Chung Brian Y. , Pletcher Scott D. , Raftery Dan , Promislow Daniel E.L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Genetic association studies that seek to explain the inheritance of complex traits typically fail to explain more than a small fraction of the heritability of the trait under study. Thus we are left with a gap in the map from genotype to phenotype. Several approaches have been used to fill this gap, including those that attempt to map endophenotype such as the transcriptome, proteome or metabolome, that underlie complex traits. Here we used metabolomics to explore the nature of genetic variation for hydrogen peroxide (H­2O2) resistance in the sequenced inbred Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP). Results We first studied genetic variation for H2O2 resistance in 180 DGRP lines and identify the insulin signaling modulator u-shaped and several regulators of feeding behavior. We then profiled a portion of the aqueous metabolome in subsets of eight ‘high resistance’ lines and eight ‘low resistance’ lines. We used these lines to represent collections of genotypes that were either resistant or sensitive to the stressor, effectively modeling a discrete trait. Across the range of genotypes in both populations, flies exhibited surprising consistency in their metabolomic signature of resistance. Metabolomic profiles were also able to distinguish stress-resistant from stress-sensitive flies with greater accuracy than the genotype of these same lines. Furthermore, we found a metabolic response to H2O2 that was shared among sensitive, but not resistant genotypes. Metabolomic data further implicated at least two pathways, glycogen and folate metabolism, as determinants of sensitivity to H2O2. We also discovered a confounding effect of feeding behavior on assays involving supplemented food. Conclusions This work suggests that the metabolome can be a point of convergence for genetic variation influencing complex traits, and efficiently elucidate the mechanisms underlying this trait variation.
Genome-wide analysis reveals dynamic epigenomic differences in soybean response to low-phosphorus stress
Authors: Chu Shanshan , Yu Kaiye , Lv Lingling , Zhang Xiangqian , Sun Chongyuan , Liu Xiaoqian , Zhang Jinyu , Jiao Yongqing , Zhang Dan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Phosphorus ( P ) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and metabolism, and low-P stress has a significant limiting effect on crop yield and quality. Although the molecular mechanisms of the transcriptional level responsible for the low-P stress response have been studied in detail, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms in gene regulation remain largely unknown. Results: In this study, we evaluated the changes in DNA methylation, gene expression and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) abundance genome-wide in response to low-P stress in two representative soybean genotypes with different P-efficiencies. The methylome analysis revealed that the soybean genome presents ~67.54% mCG (mCG/CG), ~44.57% mCHG (mCHG/CHG) and ~3.79% mCHH (mCHH/CHH), respectively. The DNA methylation levels were slightly higher under low-P stress in both genotypes. Integral methylation and transcription analysis suggested a complex regulatory relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression that may be associated with the type, region, and extent of methylation. Association analysis of low-P-induced differential methylation and gene expression showed that transcriptional alterations of a small part of genes were associated with methylation changes. Dynamic methylation alterations in transposable element ( TE ) regions in the CHH methylation context correspond with changes in the amount of siRNA under low-P conditions, indicating an important role of siRNAs in modulating TE activity by guiding CHH methylation in TE regions. Conclusions: This is the first time to investigate low-P-induced methylome alterations and their relationship with changes of gene expression and siRNA abundance in soybean. The results in our study could help to elucidate the epigenetic regulation mechanisms governing the responses of plants to abiotic stresses.
Maple Syrup Urine Disease in Brazilian Patients: Variants and Clinical Phenotype Heterogeneity
Authors: Margutti Ana Vitoria Barban , Silva Wilson Araújo , Garcia Daniel Fantozzi , de Molfetta Greice Andreotti , Marques Adriana Aparecida , Amorim Tatiana , Prazeres Vânia Mesquita Gadelha , Silva Raquel Tavares Boy da , Miura Irene Kazue , Neto João Seda , Santos Emerson de Santana , Santos Mara Lúcia Schmitz Ferreira , Lourenço Charles Marques , Tonon Tássia , Sperb-Ludwig Fernanda , de Souza Carolina Fischinger Moura , Schwartz Ida Vanessa Döederlein , Junior José Simon Camelo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disease caused by deficient activity of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) enzymatic complex. BCKD is a mitochondrial complex encoded by BCKDHA, BCKDHB, DBT, and DLD genes. MSUD is predominantly caused by Variants in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT genes encoding the E1α, E1β, and E2 subunits of BCKD complex, respectively. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic basis of MSUD by identifying the point variants in BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT genes in a cohort of Brazilian MSUD patients and to describe their phenotypic heterogeneity. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study with 21 MSUD patients involving PCR and sequencing. Results: Nine new variants predicted as pathogenic were found between 30 variants identified in the 21 patients analyzed: two in the BCKDHA gene (p.Gly56Arg, and p.Tyr120Ter); five in the BCKDHB gene (p.Gly131Val, p.Glu146Glnfs*13, p.Phe149Cysfs*9, p.Cys207Phe, and p.Lys211Asn); and two in the DBT gene (p.Glu148Ter and p.Glu417Val). Seventeen pathogenic variants were previously described and four variants showed no pathogenicity according to in silico analysis. Conclusion: Given that most of the patients received late diagnoses, the study results do not allow us to state that the molecular features of MSUD variant phenotypes are predictive of clinical severity.
Multipurpose Oxbows as a Nitrate Export Reduction Practice in the Agricultural Midwest
Authors: Schilling Keith E. , Wilke Karen , Pierce Clay L. , Kult Keegan , Kenny Aleshia 
Published: November 2019

Core Ideas
Oxbows reduce nitrate export from agricultural fields to adjacent rivers and streams.
Oxbows are important habitat for wildlife, including the endangered Topeka shiner.
Oxbows have largely disappeared from midwestern landscapes modified for agriculture.
Restoring multipurpose oxbows provides multiple benefits in the agricultural Midwest.
Nutrient export from the agricultural US Midwest influences streams and rivers and contributes to the development of hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. Oxbows are natural waterbodies formed when a river cuts off a meander loop as it migrates within its floodplain. Creation of multipurpose oxbows by restoration of former oxbows can potentially reduce export of nitrate‐nitrogen (nitrate) from agricultural land as well as provide important habitat for many species, including the endangered Topeka shiner. Recent studies of nitrate export reduction by oxbows in Iowa are encouraging, demonstrating a 45% reduction in nitrate export of water entering oxbows from subsurface tiles compared with water discharged to the adjacent stream. Oxbow restorations are as effective as several other nutrient reduction practices, are relatively inexpensive, last for decades if not centuries, remove little or no land from agricultural production, and provide significant ecosystem services. Multipurpose oxbows are a promising new best management practice for reducing nitrate export from agricultural lands.
Survey Identifies Essential Plant Genetic Resources Training Program Components
Authors: Volk Gayle M. , Bretting Peter K. , Byrne Patrick F. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTHigh‐quality plant collections are maintained by personnel with specialized skills, based on a foundation of expertise in numerous fields. The lack of formal training opportunities in plant genetic resource management, both in the United States and globally, represents a challenge to plant genebanks whenever new personnel are hired. An English‐language survey was developed and distributed to representatives of the worldwide plant genetic resources community to assess the needs for specific topics and preferred delivery methods of training materials. A total of 425 survey responses were received that were suitable for detailed analyses. Survey respondents included those from academia (higher education), the US National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS), Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) genebanks, government genebanks (non‐NPGS‐affiliated), nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector. Survey respondents agreed that there is a shortage of high‐quality learning materials on plant genetic resources, and that learning materials would be useful for researchers in their current positions, would advance careers, and would be useful in teaching or providing information to others. Training topics of high priority to the respondents include crop wild relatives, phenotyping, genotyping, and associated information. In addition, plant genetic diversity, germplasm preservation, gap analyses, prebreeding, and intellectual property are of interest. The proposed training materials must be designed to benefit multiple audiences, especially currently employed personnel and graduate students, postdocs, and visiting scientists. Overall, these results document a clear need to provide plant genetic resources training materials to ensure global plant collections are curated with the best available technologies and techniques.
Seeds of Success: Collateral Benefits to Agricultural Crop Improvement, Research, and Education
Authors: Greene Stephanie L. , Carver Daniel , Khoury Colin K. , Irish Brian M. , Olwell Peggy , Prescott Leah 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe need to restore natural landscapes impacted by environmental perturbations such as wildfires, and droughts, gave rise to Seeds of Success (SOS), a collaborative effort led by the Bureau of Land Management to collect seed of US wild native species since 2001. These collected native species are also important for agricultural activities; however, this has not been fully assessed. The SOS National Collection was evaluated for potential as sources of traits for crop improvement and direct development for agricultural purposes. Use of the collection was examined using information provided in seed requests from the USDA National Plant Germplasm System. From 2001 to 2017, SOS collected 23,577 accessions of 4761 different species, representing almost 30% of the native species in the United States. Collecting efforts have filled gaps in the conservation of native crop wild relatives; 12% of species and 18% of accessions are close and distant relatives of major and minor crops. Almost a third of the National Collection includes species with potential use in ornamental, food, medicinal, forage and feed, or material and industrial plant production. Of these species, those with ornamental potential are the most abundant in the National Collection. Requests for seed have been increasing over time, with the top three uses categorized as genetic studies, botanical or taxonomic investigations, and varietal development. Seeds of Success has positively affected the availability of native, wild plant genetic resources that have many potential uses in support of agricultural crop improvement, research, and education.
The distribution and abundance of halogens in eclogites: An in situ SIMS perspective of the Raspas Complex (Ecuador)
Authors: Urann Benjamin M. , Le Roux Véronique , John Timm , Beaudoin Grace M. , Barnes Jaime D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe present in situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and electron microprobe analyses of coexisting garnet, omphacite, phengite, amphibole, and apatite, combined with pyrohydrolysis bulk-rock analyses to constrain the distribution, abundance, and behavior of halogens (F and Cl) in six MORB-like eclogites from the Raspas Complex (Southern Ecuador). In all cases concerning lattice-hosted halogens, F compatibility decreases from apatite (1.47–3.25 wt%), to amphibole (563–4727 μg/g), phengite (610–1822 μg/g), omphacite (6.5–54.1 μg/g), and garnet (1.7–8.9 μg/g). The relative compatibility of Cl in the assemblage is greatest for apatite (192–515 μg/g), followed by amphibole (0.64–82.7 μg/g), phengite (1.2–2.1 μg/g), omphacite (&lt;0.05–1.0 μg/g), and garnet (&lt;0.05 μg/g). Congruence between SIMS-reconstructed F bulk abundances and yield-corrected bulk pyrohydrolysis analyses indicates that F is primarily hosted within the crystal lattice of eclogitic minerals. However, SIMS-reconstructed Cl abundances are a factor of five lower, on average, than pyrohydrolysis-derived bulk concentrations. This discrepancy results from the contribution of fluid inclusions, which may host at least 80% of the bulk rock Cl. The combination of SIMS and pyrohydrolysis is highly complementary. Whereas SIMS is well suited to determine bulk F abundances, pyrohydrolysis better quantifies bulk Cl concentrations, which include the contribution of fluid inclusion-hosted Cl. Raspas eclogites contain 145–258 μg/g F and at least 7–11 μg/g Cl. We estimate that ~95% of F is retained in the slab through eclogitization and returned to the upper mantle during subduction, whereas at least 95% of subducted Cl is removed from the rock by the time the slab equilibrates at eclogite facies conditions. Our calculations provide further evidence for the fractionation of F from Cl during high-pressure metamorphism in subduction zones. Although the HIMU (high U/Pb) mantle source (dehydrated oceanic crust) is often associated with enrichments in Cl/K and F/Nd, Raspas eclogites show relatively low halogen ratios identical within uncertainty to depleted MORB mantle (DMM). Thus, the observed halogen enrichments in HIMU ocean island basalts require either further fractionation during mantle processing or recycling of a halogen-enriched carrier lithology such as serpentinite into the mantle.
Transjordanite, Ni2P, a new terrestrial and meteoritic phosphide, and natural solid solutions barringerite-transjordanite (hexagonal Fe2P–Ni2P)
Authors: Britvin Sergey N. , Murashko Michail N. , Vapnik Yevgeny , Polekhovsky Yury S. , Krivovichev Sergey V. , Krzhizhanovskaya Maria G. , Vereshchagin Oleg S. , Shilovskikh Vladimir V. , Vlasenko Natalia S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper is a first detailed report of natural hexagonal solid solutions along the join Fe2P–Ni2P. Transjordanite, Ni2P, a Ni-dominant counterpart of barringerite (a low-pressure polymorph of Fe2P), is a new mineral. It was discovered in the pyrometamorphic phosphide assemblages of the Hatrurim Formation (the Dead Sea area, Southern Levant) and was named for the occurrence on the Transjordan Plateau, West Jordan. Later on, the mineral was confirmed in the Cambria meteorite (iron ungrouped, fine octahedrite), and it likely occurs in CM2 carbonaceous chondrites (Mighei group). Under reflected light, transjordanite is white with a beige tint. It is non-pleochroic and weakly anisotropic. Reflectance values for four COM recommended wavelengths are [Rmax/Rmin, % (λ, nm)]: 45.1/44.2 (470), 49.9/48.5 (546), 52.1/50.3 (589), 54.3/52.1 (650). Transjordanite is hexagonal, space group P62m; unit-cell parameters for the holotype specimen, (Ni1.72Fe0.27)1.99P1.02, are: a = 5.8897(3), c = 3.3547(2) Å, V = 100.78(1) Å3, Z = 3. Dcalc = 7.30 g/cm3. The crystal structure of holotype transjordanite was solved and refined to R1 = 0.013 based on 190 independent observed [I &gt; 2σ(I)] reflections. The crystal structure represents a framework composed of two types of infinite rods propagated along the c-axis: (1) edge-sharing tetrahedra [M(1)P4] and (2) edge-sharing [M(2)P5] square pyramids. Determination of unit-cell parameters for 12 members of the Fe2P–Ni2P solid-solution series demonstrates that substitution of Ni for Fe in transjordanite and vice versa in barringerite does not obey Vegard’s law, indicative of preferential incorporation of minor substituent into M(1) position. Terrestrial transjordanite may contain up to 3 wt% Mo, whereas meteoritic mineral bears up to 0.2 wt% S.
Natural Fused Heterocyclic Flavonoids: Potent Candidates as Anti- Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Agents in the Treatment of Asthma
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder , Kaur Kirandeep , Arora Rashmi , Saini Balraj , Arora Sandeep 
Published: November 2019

Background:
In the last two decades, the flavonoids containing fused heterocyclic nucleus in
their chemical structure have emerged to display a variety of pharmacological effects including antiallergic
and anti-inflammatory the most recent to the list. These polyphenolic compounds exert their
pharmacological effect by various mechanisms including inhibition of human neutrophil elastase, cytokines
(Interleukins- IL-3 and IL-4) and mast cells.

Methods:
We adopted a structured search of notorious journal publication websites and electronic databases
such as Science Direct, Bentham, Scopus, PubMed, Nature, Springer etc. for the collection of
peer-reviewed research and review articles for the present review. The quality papers (109) were retrieved,
studied, categorized into different sections, analyzed and used for article writing.

Results:
The backbone of this review article is based on four review articles of natural phenolics. Seventeen
papers out of total one hundred and nine were about Quercetin the main molecule of interest, five
papers outlined the potential benefits of Pycnogenol, Rutin was discussed in detail by considering eight
papers in mind, Kaempferol which can be considered as a candidate of interest was referred from six
articles.

Conclusion:
This review identified the Quercetin, Pycnogenol, Rutin and Kampferol as few bioflavonols
out of hundreds of other compounds still under clinical trials that have been studied most.
Marketed formulations of Pycnogenol are also available as nutraceuticals. These flavonoids have been
also reported to the other pharmacological effects like anti-cancer, anti-oxidants, anti-hypertensive, antiviral,
anti-ulcerogenic, anti-platelet, anti-hypotensive and anti-hepatotoxic. With all these versatile
properties heterocyclic containing flavonoids may be a powerful candidate for the discovery of their
utilization in other ailments like asthma.
Comparing the Traffic Operation, Fuel Consumption, and Pollutant Emission of Bike Lane Pattern Design with AIMSUN Microscopic Simulation Model: A Case Study of Nakhon Sawan Municipality in Thailand
Authors: Chalermwongphan Karn , Upala Prapatpong 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The present research aimed to compare and evaluate two forms of shared roadways, which were Conventional Bike Lane (CBL) and Median Bike Lane (MBL).

Methods:
The road network and traffic conditions of Nakhon Sawan Municipality, comprised of 712 links and 237 nodes, simulated by using the AIMSUN microscopic simulation software in order to compare the delay time, operating speed, total travel time, fuel consumption, and emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOX), Particulate Matter (PM), and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC).

Results:
The obtained results can be used as efficiency data for designing a campaign to encourage private car drivers to change their daily transportation mode to bicycle, which will ultimately help to solve traffic congestion problems and reduce environmental impacts in a sustainable way. The research results showed that a campaign encouraging a change in transportation mode should focus on reducing 36 percent of all private cars in the road network (at least 9,691 veh/hr).

Conclusion:
This approach will minimize the delay time in the road network by 0.89 sec/km and reduce 1,228.66 liters of fuel consumption, 2,769,764.47 g/km of carbon dioxide, 8654.86 g/km of nitrogen oxide, 1,463.33 g/km of particulate matter, and 1,383.93 g/km of volatile organic compounds.
DAMPAK KERJASAMA LUAR NEGERI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN KAMPAR DENGAN MALAYSIA TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Authors: Irdayanti Irdayanti , Febrian Weni Desti 
Published: November 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak kerjasama luar negeri yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kabupaten Kampar dengan Malaysia Technology Development Corporation untuk membangun integrated palm oil crude yang nantinya akan menhasilkan berbagai varian produk dari kelapa sawit yang ada di Kabupaten Kampar sehingga mampu memberikan kontribusi ekonomi bagi masyarat nantinya. Kerjasama ini mengacu pada UU No. 24 Tahun 2000 tentang Perjanjian Internasional wajib dikonsultasikan dan dikoordinasikan dengan Mentri artinya pemerintah daerah berhak melakukan kerjasama luar negeri atas persetujuan Kementrian Luar Neger. Untuk mengalisa keberhasilan implementasi suatu kebijakan publik dapat diukur dari proses pencapaian hasil akhir (outcomes), yaitu tercapai atau tidaknya tujuan yang ingin diraih. Sesuai dengan konsep yang dikemukakan Grindle, dimana pengukuran keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan tersebut dapat dilihat dari 2 hal proses dan hasil. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. hasil penelitian ini mengugkapkan bahwa pencapaian tujuan dapat dikatakan tidak terlaksana. Hal ini dilihat dari 5 tahun berjalan setelah penandatangan MoU tidak mampu untuk mengimplementasikan pabrik kepala sawit yang diinginkan pada awal kerjasama. tidak ditemukan perubahan fisik terhadap pembangunan PKS juga ditemukan dampak Psikologis dari masyarakat yaitu berupa kekecewaan terhadap pemerintah yang belum mampu membuat kebijakan yang mampu member kontribusi ekonomi kepada masyarakat.