bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employee disability disclosure and managerial prejudices in the return-to-work context
Authors: Lyubykh Zhanna , Turner Nick , Barling Julian , Reich Tara C. , Batten Samantha 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper investigates the extent to which disability type contributes to differential evaluation of employees by managers. In particular, the authors examined managerial prejudice against 3 disability diagnoses (i.e. psychiatric, physical disability and pending diagnosis) compared to a control group in a return-to-work scenario.Design/methodology/approachWorking managers (N = 238) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 scenarios containing medical documentation for a fictional employee that disclosed either the employee's psychiatric disability, physical disability, or a pending diagnosis. The authors also collected a separate sample (N = 42) as a control group that received a version of the medical documentation but contained no information about the disability diagnosis.FindingsCompared with employees without stated disabilities, employees with a psychiatric disability were evaluated as more aggressive toward other employees, less trustworthy and less committed to the organization. Compared to employees with either physical disabilities or pending diagnoses, employees with psychiatric disabilities were rated as less committed to the organization. The authors discuss implications for future research and the trade-offs inherent in disability labeling and disclosure.Originality/valueThe current study extends prior research by examining a broader range of outcomes (i.e. perceived aggressiveness, trustworthiness and commitment) and moving beyond performance evaluations of employees with disabilities. The authors also assess the relative status of a “pending diagnosis” category—a type of disclosure often encountered by managers in many jurisdictions as part of accommodating employees returning to work from medical-related absence.
Effect of the factors affecting high-performance p-aramid fibre dyeing and their optimization
Authors: Iqbal Kashif , Azam Farooq , Safdar Faiza , Ashraf Munir , Rehman Abdur , Ullah Tehseen 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the dyeing of the p-aramid fibre with cationic dyes and investigate the effect of dyeing in the protection of the fibre from ultraviolet (UV) light.

Design/methodology/approach
P-aramid fabric has been dyed with cationic dyes using benzyl alcohol as swelling agent to promote the penetration of dye molecules into the fibre. The fabrics were evaluated against colour strength (K/S) value and colour fastness properties after dyed with cationic dyes using full factorial design. This design was used to study the effect of factors that affect the response variables as well as to study the interactions among the factors on response variable. The bursting strength, scanning electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of undyed and dyed p-aramid fabric were performed before and after exposure to UV light to investigate the changes in mechanical behaviour.

Findings
The results show that the p-aramid fabric dyed with cationic dyes has good K/S values and good fastness properties. The exposure of undyed p-aramid fabric to UV light causes serious loss in strength over short duration i.e. 40 h. Dyeing of p-aramid fabric enhances the resistance to UV light which reduces the loss in strength.

Originality/value
Most of the work is patented and no one has done the process optimization for the industry, so this study offers promising outcomes concerning the dyeing of p-aramid fabric with enhanced shade depth and good colour fastness characteristics.
Malta and the 2019 EP elections – maximising popular engagement with “Europe”
Authors: Cachia Jean Claude , Ellul Fabrizio , Harwood Mark , Sammut Carmen 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse why Malta continues to show the highest level of turnout for European Parliament (EP) elections in a country where voting is not obligatory. By analysing the Maltese EP elections from 2004 to 2019, the paper seeks to understand why the Maltese engage with a second order election to the degree that they do.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, first assessing the context of the 2019 elections, the historical trends and then the factors that help explain why the Maltese continue to engage with EP elections.

Findings
The paper finds that the Maltese political system, highly polarised and dominated by two parties, primarily galvanises people to engage with elections, that it is more about party leadership than actual engagement with Europe and that second order elections in Malta are often run as first order elections.

Originality/value
This paper is the only systematic evaluation of the 2019 EP elections in Malta, discusses categorically that EP elections are rarely about Europe while also showing clearly that political parties can make second-order elections appear as first-order elections should the stakes be high enough.
Correcting medical decisions: a study in nurses’ patient advocacy in (Finnish) hospital ward rounds
Authors: Kurhila Salla , Lehtimaja Inkeri , Drew Paul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring daily hospital ward rounds, medical teams, led by doctors, assess the progress of an individual patient’s health. It is widely reported in the research literature that nurses play a relatively passive role during these rounds, because although they may have valuable information about the patient’s condition and progress, and indeed their role includes advocacy on behalf of their patients, nurses nevertheless can experience difficulties in participating during case constructions. Here we report an instance from a (gastro‐surgical) ward round in a Finnish hospital, in which nurses played a key role in reversing a consultant’s initial decision to discharge a patient. They did so not by directly challenging the consultant’s opinion, but by employing indirect means to introduce their discrepant perspective: they provide descriptions and ask questions that draw attention to information that results in the doctor coming to a different assessment than theirs of the patient’s condition, and a different decision about what should be done (the patient was not discharged from hospital). The encounter reported here is taken from a corpus of ward round discussions in a Finnish hospital. The method of our study is Conversation Analysis.
The important role of immunization in alcoholic and non‐alcoholic chronic liver disease: A population‐based study
Authors: Nasir Myra , Vinsard Daniela Guerrero , Wakefield Dorothy , Karagozian Raffi 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo determine differences in frequencies of vaccine‐preventable diseases between alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non‐alcoholic liver disease (NALD) patients.MethodsThis population‐based cohort study used USA national inpatient sample ICD‐9 codes from January 2012 to September 2015. Frequencies of admissions for ALD and NALD in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, influenza, herpes zoster virus, varicella zoster virus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, human papilloma virus, meningococcal meningitis, diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus were measured. Frequencies and patients’ characteristics were compared for ALD and NALD using χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThere was no difference in admissions for hepatitis A and pneumococcal pneumonia between the ALD and NALD groups. There were fewer admissions for hepatitis B (1.17% vs 1.80%, odds ratio [OR] 0.64, P < 0.01), herpes zoster (0.12% vs 0.17%, OR 0.69, P < 0.01), influenza (0.16% vs 0.26%, OR 0.59, P < 0.01) and all others (0.005% vs 0.015%, OR 0.36, P = 0.01) in the ALD group than the NALD group. The extreme all patient refined‐diagnosis related groups mortality risk was 15.24% in ALD and 7.77% in NALD admissions (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe most frequent vaccine‐preventable disease in both groups was hepatitis B. Patients with NALD had higher odds of admissions for hepatitis B, herpes zoster virus, influenza and other vaccine‐preventable disease than ALD patients. However, the ALD group had a higher risk of mortality when admitted to hospital with a vaccine‐preventable disease than the NALD group.
The Political Value of Internal Devaluation in the Euro Area Crisis
Authors: Xifré Ramon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo overcome the euro area (EA) crisis, the core pushed the periphery to cut labour costs. However, this paper documents that internal devaluation (ID) only mildly improves exports and it can significantly harm firms’ non‐price competitiveness factors. This raises the question of whether ID entered the bail‐out conditionality only for economic reasons or also with political motivations. We argue that the economic crisis reignited a trust‐confidence crisis between the core and periphery countries, with the latter emerging as non‐credible reformers. While some adjustment to regain competitiveness was necessary in the periphery, it is hard to conceive that the policy mix adopted was the outcome of taking all costs into account. Political reasons appear to have exerted a notable influence and this may undermine the effectiveness, ownership and sustainability of present and future reforms.
Phase II study of adjuvant chemotherapy with pemetrexed and cisplatin with a short hydration method for completely resected nonsquamous non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tachihara Motoko , Dokuni Ryota , Okuno Keiko , Tokunaga Shuntaro , Nakata Kyosuke , Katsurada Naoko , Yamamoto Masatsugu , Nagano Tatsuya , Kobayashi Kazuyuki , Tanaka Yugo , Funada Yasuhiro , Maniwa Yoshimasa , Nishimura Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundCisplatin (CDDP) and vinorelbine as an adjuvant chemotherapy improve the overall survival of patients with completely resected non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the treatment completion rate is low due to severe adverse events (AEs). Pemetrexed (PEM) has been used in advanced NSCLC due to its high safety and efficacy. Additionally, the safety of a short hydration method for CDDP administration has been previously reported. Here, we investigated the feasibility of CDDP plus PEM with a short hydration method as adjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsA total of 21 completely resected nonsquamous NSCLC patients with pathological stage IIA to IIIA disease were enrolled into the study. Adjuvant chemotherapy consisted of four cycles of CDDP (75 mg/m2) plus PEM (500 mg/m2) every three weeks with a short hydration method. The primary endpoint was the treatment completion rate, and the secondary endpoints included toxicity, the two‐year relapse‐free survival (RFS) rate, and the outpatient treatment rate.ResultsA total of 21 patients (median age: 66 years; 12 males) were enrolled in two centers. All cases were adenocarcinoma with PS0 (71.4%) or PS1 (28.6%). A total of 81.0% of the patients received four cycles of therapy as scheduled and the primary endpoint was met. The rate of outpatient chemotherapy completion after the second cycle was 90.5%. The grade 3 or higher toxicities were anorexia (n = 2) and pulmonary thromboembolism (n = 1). No grade 3/4 hematological toxicities or creatinine level elevations were observed. The two‐year RFS rate was 57.3%.ConclusionsCDDP and PEM with a short hydration is well tolerated in the outpatient setting with limited toxicity.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyCDDP plus PEM adjuvant therapy with a short hydration method is well tolerated in the outpatient setting with limited toxicity.What this study addsCDDP plus PEM with a short hydration method has the potential to be one of the options of adjuvant therapy in the future.
Practitioner perceptions of the health of Australian First Nations' Peoples: Preliminary findings
Authors: Crouch Alan , Chew Bonnie , Freeman Gwenda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo probe health practitioner perceptions of Australian First Nations' Peoples' health and to compare these with reported burden of disease, social determinants and culturally safe health systems data.DesignAn online survey tool was used to collect self‐reported responses from health practitioners to answer literature‐derived questions regarding underlying issues in Australian First Nations' Peoples' health.SettingResponses to the survey were sought from rural and urban health service locations across all Australian states and territories.ParticipantsAllied health, nursing, pharmacy, psychology, social work and related discipline students and practitioners currently working or studying in Australia.Main outcome measure(s)Degrees of correspondence between health discipline student and practitioner perceptions on ‘major health issues’ and ‘health systems issues’ and published population health and health systems data. Metrics for ‘connectedness to’ and ‘preparedness to engage with’ Australian First Nations' Peoples were also reported.ResultsSignificant differences between practitioner perceptions of ‘major health issues’ and the disease burden/social determinants published evidence, and with the ‘culturally safe health systems’ published evidence, were noted. Positive impacts of social and professional relationships (connectedness) between practitioners and First Nations' Peoples were demonstrated.ConclusionsThe inclusion of basic population health and culturally safe health systems training in curricula for all genres of health practitioners appears to be indicated by these findings. Further, a meaningful role for the intentional nurture of social and professional relationships with Australian First Nations' Peoples across all health disciplines is suggested as part of efforts to address health systems and equity issues.
Time to surgery and transfer‐associated mortality for hip fractures in Western Australia
Authors: Lawless Adam M. , Narula Siddarth , D'Alessandro Peter , Jones Christopher W. , Seymour Hannah , Yates Piers J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransfer time for patients with fractured hips is a significant problem in Australia. Current guidelines support operative management of hip fractures within 48 h with delays to surgery resulting in worse outcomes. The aim of study is to evaluate transfer times and delays and their effect on outcomes.MethodsA total of 506 hip fractures undergoing surgical management were reviewed between 2017 and 2018 at a tertiary metropolitan hospital. We examined age, time to surgery, transfer time, delay to surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists grading and 30‐day and 1‐year mortality. We directly compared outcomes between patients presenting initially to the tertiary hospital and those who were referred from a peripheral site requiring inter‐hospital transfer.ResultsThe mean time to surgery was 24.4 h. Ninety‐five percent of patients received their emergency surgery within 48 h with inter‐hospital transfer patients delayed on average only by 12.08 h when compared to primary presenters. Patients who received their surgery in more than 48 h had worse mortality outcomes. Inter‐hospital transfer, regardless of time to surgery, was associated with increased mortality.ConclusionIncreased time to surgery was associated with increased mortality rates. Transfer delays from a peripheral hospital had a significant bearing on time to surgery. Transfer, regardless of time to surgery, is associated with increased mortality. Early transfer to a referral hospital or bypass of the peripheral hospital is recommended.
Measuring Black Behavior: Examining the Validity of Scales of Mindfulness, Stress, and Resilience with Black/African American Women
Authors: Adkins‐Jackson Paris B. , Levine Elana R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHistorically, instruments normed on White people have been used with other populations implying the concepts measured are acultural. Similarly, instruments developed using both women and men have assumed there aren't differences between the groups that may be salient. However, nuances exist and pervade each assessment. This article examines the construct validity of three commonly used health behavior assessments: Five‐Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, and the John Henryism Active Coping Scale. With a sample of 223 Black/African American women living in the United States, the analyses used the Rasch's partial credit model as a measure of unidimensionality. The findings reflect the complexity of measuring subpopulations using instruments normed on one group or in aggregate. Many of the items misfit due to lack of predictability or the suppression of multiple dimensions. The items that did not fit the model described activities such as “control over irritations” and having “distressing thoughts” that are experienced differently due to the intersections of discrimination that disproportionately affect Black women in comparison to their White female and Black male counterparts. Subsequently, this article advocates for the development of tailored measures of health behavior when the construct or phenomenon is experienced differently.
The condition of asset poverty of the elderly In South Korea
Authors: Weon Soyoon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecent studies on asset poverty of the elderly in South Korea have widely used the cross‐sectional method. Yet, the cross‐sectional approach is limited of use for understanding an important feature of poverty, such as changes in the poverty condition of particular individuals, as they grow older. To understand the actual living condition of the elderly over time, using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA), I examined the asset poverty condition of the elderly between 2006 and 2016 from both cross‐sectional and longitudinal approaches. In consideration of meaningful differences between different age groups, I divided the elderly population as "middle‐aged," "young‐old," and "old‐old." When using the cross‐sectional approach, findings showed that there were no substantial differences in the asset poverty across age groups although the income poverty rate of the old‐old was three times higher than that of the middle‐aged. Longitudinal analysis revealed that wealth mobility was more likely to occur among relatively younger age groups, and older people have difficulties in improving their poverty conditions over time. Our findings suggest that for the asset poor in the old‐old group, it is necessary to enhance the social security system in South Korea.
Functional diversity of phyllostomid bats in an urban–rural landscape: A scale‐dependent analysis
Authors: Ramírez‐Mejía Andrés F. , Urbina‐Cardona J. Nicolás , Sánchez Francisco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUrbanization is one of the most pervasive processes of landscape transformation, responsible for novel selection agents promoting functional community homogenization. Bats may persist in those environments, but the mechanisms responsible for their adaptability and the spatial scales in which the landscape imposes environmental filtering remain poorly studied in the Neotropics. We tested the hypothesis that landscape composition interacts with the spatial scale to affect the functional diversity of phyllostomids in an urban–rural gradient. Based on functional traits, we calculated indices of functional richness, divergence, evenness, and community‐weighted means of morphological traits, and classified species into functional groups. We evaluated the changes in those variables in response to forest, grassland, and urbanized areas at 0.5, 1.25, and 2km scales. The number of functional groups, functional richness, and functional evenness tended to be higher in areas far from cities and with higher forest cover, whereas functional divergence increased in more urbanized areas. Our results show that the mean value of wing loading in the assemblage was negatively associated with landscape transformation at several spatial scales. However, environmental filtering driven by grass cover was particularly robust at the 0.5km scale, affecting big‐sized species with long‐pointed wings. Retaining natural forest in cattle ranging systems at ~12 km2 appears to favor the functional evenness and number of functional groups of phyllostomids. Recognizing the scale of the effect on phyllostomid functional responses appears to be a fundamental issue for elucidating the spatial extent to which phyllostomid conservation planning in urban–rural landscapes should be addressed.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Floristics of forests across low nutrient soils in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Trethowan Liam A. , Eiserhardt Wolf L. , Girmansyah Deden , Kintamani Endang , Utteridge Timothy M.A. , Brearley Francis Q. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe island of Sulawesi formed from the joining of proto‐islands roughly three million years ago. Regions of zoological endemism, corresponding to the proto‐islands, have been reported. Sulawesi's tree communities, however, remain poorly documented. In better‐studied tropical regions, soil types similar to those found in Sulawesi often have distinctive tree communities. To gather data on Sulawesi's tree communities, we established ten (0.25 ha) plots on four soil types across three regions. We documented diversity, endemism, dominance, and species composition. Linear models of species composition showed greater influence of geographic distance rather than soil, and no relationship with climate. This suggests that the legacy of Sulawesi's formation may have influenced tree communities more so than the soil types we sampled. Most of our plots were on stressful soil types making it difficult to conclude on the importance of edaphic specialization in the Sulawesi tree flora. The lack of climatic effects reflects Sulawesi's position within the wet tropics where the small climatic differences are unlikely to have large influence on tree communities.Abstract in Indonesian is available with online material.
Epidemiology needs more interdisciplinary teams with expertise in molecular systematics, public health and food safety
Authors: Allard Marc W. , Brown Eric W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhat are considered fundamental principles within the Willi Hennig Society and published in their journal are not always fully appreciated by many other biological fields that have not been schooled in these disciplines of systematics principles and the reasons for why these principles are important (Wenzel, Cladistics, 2020, in press). Natural history museums and their associated programs have been a traditional source of the dissemination and training on the uses of phylogenetic systematics. Systematists should do more to expand these interdisciplinary collaborations by reaching out and supporting their local and international collaborators in public health, food and water safety, and other microbiology applications so that critical life‐saving and timely phylogenetic‐based decisions can be made.