bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidance concerning chiropractic practice in response to COVID-19 in the U.S.: a summary of state regulators’ web-based information
Authors: Neff Shawn M. , Roecker Christopher B. , Okamoto Casey S. , Holguin Samuel L. , Napuli Jason G. , Mattox Ross , Hinkeldey Nathan A. , Paris David J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes, as many state and local governments enacted stay-at-home orders and non-essential businesses were closed. State chiropractic licensing boards play an important role in protecting the public via regulation of licensure and provision of guidance regarding standards of practice, especially during times of change or uncertainty.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to summarize the guidance provided in each of the 50 United States, related to chiropractic practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA review of the public facing websites of governors and state chiropractic licensing boards was conducted in the United States. Data were collected regarding the official guidance provided by each state’s chiropractic licensing board as well as the issuance of stay-at-home orders and designations of essential personnel by state governors. Descriptive statistics were used to report the findings from this project.ResultsEach of the 50 state governor’s websites and individual state chiropractic licensing board’s websites were surveyed. Stay-at-home or shelter-in-place orders were issued in 86% of all states. Chiropractors were classified as essential providers in 54% of states, non-essential in one state (2%), and no guidance was provided in the remaining 44% of all states. Fourteen states (28%) recommended restricting visits to only urgent cases and the remaining states (72%) provided no guidance. Twenty-seven states (54%) provided information regarding protecting against infectious disease and the remaining states (46%) provided no guidance. Twenty-two states (44%) provided recommendations regarding chiropractic telehealth and the remaining states (56%) provided no guidance. Seventeen states (34%) altered license renewal requirements and eight states (16%) issued warnings against advertising misleading or false information regarding spinal manipulation and protection from COVID-19.ConclusionState guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic was heterogenous, widely variability in accessibility, and often no guidance was provided by state chiropractic licensing boards. Some state chiropractic licensing boards chose to assemble guidance for licensees into a single location, which we identified as a best practice for future situations where changes in chiropractic practice must be quickly communicated.
Liver metastases from pituitary carcinomas mimicking visceral well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors: a series of four cases
Authors: Venable Elise R. , Kerr Sarah E. , Lopes M. Beatriz S. , Jones Karra A. , Bellizzi Andrew M. , Mounajjed Taofic , Raghunathan Aditya , Hamidi Oksana , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. , Ryder Mabel , Graham Rondell P. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Pathologists frequently encounter neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) presenting as multiple liver masses in routine practice. Most often, these are well-differentiated tumors with characteristic histologic features. In contrast, pituitary carcinoma is very rare, and there is limited data on its natural history and pathologic characterization.

Methods
The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics, histomorphology, immunophenotype and follow-up of pituitary carcinoma involving the liver and mimicking well-differentiated NETs of visceral origin. We selected a group of well-differentiated NETs of the pancreas to use as immunophenotypic controls. We identified 4 patients (age range, 51 to 73) with pituitary corticotroph carcinoma with liver metastases. Three patients presented with Cushing syndrome.

Results
All cases histologically resembled well-differentiated NETs of visceral origin with Ki-67 proliferation indices of 5–42% and expression of T-PIT; metastatic tumors were not immunoreactive with CDX2, Islet 1 or TTF-1.

Conclusions
Frequently, these cases display adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion and pituitary-specific transcription factor immunohistochemistry may be used as a reliable marker to distinguish metastatic pituitary carcinoma from NETs of visceral origin in addition to delineating a corticotroph carcinoma from somatotroph, lactotroph, thyrotroph, and gonadotroph lineage. Although rare, the differential diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma should be considered in metastatic well-differentiated NETs in which the site of origin is uncertain. In summary, pituitary corticotroph carcinoma can metastasize to the liver and mimic well-differentiated NET.
Anthocyanin, a novel and user-friendly reporter for convenient, non-destructive, low cost, directly visual selection of transgenic hairy roots in the study of rhizobia-legume symbiosis
Authors: Fan Yinglun , Wang Xiuyuan , Li Haiyun , Liu Shuang , Jin Liangshen , Lyu Yanyan , Shi Mengdi , Liu Sirui , Yang Xinyue , Lyu Shanhua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation provides a powerful tool for investigating the functions of plant genes involved in rhizobia-legume symbiosis. However, in the traditional identification methods of transgenic hairy roots based on reporter genes, an expensive chemical substrate or equipment is required.

Results
Here, we report a novel, low cost, and robust reporter for convenient, non-destructive, and directly visual selection of transgenic hairy roots by naked eye, which can be used in the study of rhizobia-legume symbiosis. The reporter gene AtMyb75 in Arabidopsis, encoding an R2R3 type MYB transcription factor, was ectopically expressed in hairy roots-mediated by A. rhizogenes, which induced purple/red colored anthocyanin accumulation in crop species like soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and two model legume species, Lotus japonicas and Medicago truncatula. Transgenic hairy roots of legumes containing anthocyanin can establish effective symbiosis with rhizobia. We also demonstrated the reliability of AtMyb75 as a reporter gene by CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of the soybean resistance to nodulation Rfg1 gene in the soybean PI377578 (Nod-) inoculated with Sinorhizobium fredii USDA193. Without exception, mature nitrogen-fixation nodules, were formed on purple transgenic hairy roots containing anthocyanin.

Conclusions
Anthocyanin is a reliable, user-friendly, convenient, non-destructive, low cost, directly visual reporter for studying symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodule development and could be widely applied in broad leguminous plants.
Exploring neighborhoods in large metagenome assembly graphs using spacegraphcats reveals hidden sequence diversity
Authors: Brown C. Titus , Moritz Dominik , O’Brien Michael P. , Reidl Felix , Reiter Taylor , Sullivan Blair D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGenomes computationally inferred from large metagenomic data sets are often incomplete and may be missing functionally important content and strain variation. We introduce an information retrieval system for large metagenomic data sets that exploits the sparsity of DNA assembly graphs to efficiently extract subgraphs surrounding an inferred genome. We apply this system to recover missing content from genome bins and show that substantial genomic sequence variation is present in a real metagenome. Our software implementation is available at https://github.com/spacegraphcats/spacegraphcatsunder the 3-Clause BSD License.
Mapping regulatory variants controlling gene expression in drought response and tolerance in maize
Authors: Liu Shengxue , Li Cuiping , Wang Hongwei , Wang Shuhui , Yang Shiping , Liu Xiaohu , Yan Jianbing , Li Bailin , Beatty Mary , Zastrow-Hayes Gina , Song Shuhui , Qin Feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundGene expression is a key determinant of cellular response. Natural variation in gene expression bridges genetic variation to phenotypic alteration. Identification of the regulatory variants controlling the gene expression in response to drought, a major environmental threat of crop production worldwide, is of great value for drought-tolerant gene identification.ResultsA total of 627 RNA-seq analyses are performed for 224 maize accessions which represent a wide genetic diversity under three water regimes; 73,573 eQTLs are detected for about 30,000 expressing genes with high-density genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms, reflecting a comprehensive and dynamic genetic architecture of gene expression in response to drought. The regulatory variants controlling the gene expression constitutively or drought-dynamically are unraveled. Focusing on dynamic regulatory variants resolved to genes encoding transcription factors, a drought-responsive network reflecting a hierarchy of transcription factors and their target genes is built. Moreover, 97 genes are prioritized to associate with drought tolerance due to their expression variations through the Mendelian randomization analysis. One of the candidate genes,Abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase, is verified to play a negative role in plant drought tolerance.ConclusionsThis study unravels the effects of genetic variants on gene expression dynamics in drought response which allows us to better understand the role of distal and proximal genetic effects on gene expression and phenotypic plasticity. The prioritized drought-associated genes may serve as direct targets for functional investigation or allelic mining.
Transcutaneous electrical acupuncture stimulation (TEAS) for gastrointestinal dysfunction in adults undergoing abdominal surgery: study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bai Ya-Fan , Gao Chao , Li Wen-Jing , Du Yi , An Li-Xin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction (PGD) is a common problem after abdominal surgery. PGD can increase the length of hospital stay and may lead to serious complications. Acupuncture and moxibustion are alternative therapies for PGD that have been used in some settings. However, the effect of preventive application of acupuncture or transcutaneous electrical acupuncture stimulation (TEAS) is still uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of the continuous application of TEAS on GI function recovery in adults undergoing abdominal surgery. At the same time, we will try to confirm the mechanism of TEAS through the brain–gut axis.Methods/designThis study is a prospective, single-center, two-arm, randomized controlled trial that will be performed in a general hospital. In total, 280 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were stratified by type of surgery (i.e. gastric or colorectal procedure) and randomized into two treatment groups. The experimental group will receive TEAS stimulation at L14 and PC6, ST36 and ST37. The sham group will receive pseudo-TEAS at sham acupoints. The primary outcome will be the time to the first bowel motion by auscultation. The recovery time of flatus, defecation, the changes in perioperative brain–intestinal peptides, postoperative pain, perioperative complications, and hospitalization duration will be the secondary outcomes.DiscussionThe results of this study will demonstrate that continuous preventive application of TEAS can improve the GI function recovery in patients undergoing abdominal surgery and that this effect may act through brain–gut peptides.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR1900023263. Registered on 11 May 2019.
The insula, a grey matter of tastes: a volumetric MRI study in dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Philippi Nathalie , Noblet Vincent , Hamdaoui Malik , Soulier David , Botzung Anne , Ehrhard Emmanuelle , Cretin Benjamin , Blanc Frédéric ,   AlphaLewyMA study group, Martin-Hunyadi Catherine , Demuynck Catherine , Anthony Pierre , Mutter Catherine , Kemp Jennifer , Monjoint Laetitia , Albasser Timothée , Rauch Stéphanie , Phillipps Clélie , Rauch Lucie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Despite the growing number of discoveries during the past decades about its functions, the insula remains a mysterious ‘island’. In addition to its involvement in basic functions such as gustation and interoception, the insular cortex is now considered a key region for integrated functions such as emotion/motivation processing, decision-making and self-consciousness. We hypothesized that this structure, standing at the crossroads of such functions, could ground personal tastes in general, beyond food preferences and aesthetic judgements. Given that dementia with Lewy bodies is characterized by a focal atrophy within the insular cortex from the early stages, this condition provides an opportunity to test such a hypothesis.

Methods
We developed a questionnaire to assess potential changes in personal tastes, submitted it to a cohort of 23 patients with early-stage dementia with Lewy bodies and compared their questionnaire results to those of 20 age-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, we performed a global and regional neuroimaging study to test for a potential correlation between the patients’ scores for changes in personal tastes and their insular cortex volumes.

Results
Our results indicate that the patients presented significant changes in personal tastes compared to the controls, in both food and non-food domains. Moreover, imaging analyses confirmed the involvement of the insular cortex atrophy in the changes in personal tastes using global analysis, and in both food and non-food domains using regional analysis.

Conclusions
These results bring new insights into the role of the insula as a ‘grey matter of tastes’, this structure supporting personal preferences in general, beyond the food domain. The insular cortex could be involved through its role in motivational processes by the representation of subjective awareness of bodily states during the phenomenological experience of stimulus appraisal. However, we also argue that it could support the abstract representations of personal tastes as self-concepts, acutely exemplifying embodied cognition. Finally, the questionnaire on changes in tastes could constitute an interesting tool to help early diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies and to assess insular dysfunction more generally.
Cellular senescence mediates the detrimental effect of prenatal dexamethasone exposure on postnatal long bone growth in mouse offspring
Authors: Su Jianwen , Chai Yu , Ji Zhiguo , Xie Yongheng , Yu Bin , Zhang Xianrong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) induces low birth weight and retardation of fetal bone development which are associated with lower peak bone mass in adult offspring. Here we evaluated whether and how PDE affects postnatal long bone growth in mouse offspring.MethodsPregnant mice were injected subcutaneously with dexamethasone (1.2 mg/kg/day) every morning from gestational days (GD) 12–14. Femurs and tibias of 2-, 4-, 6-, and 12-week-old female offspring were harvested for histological, immunofluorescence, flow cytometric analysis, or microcomputed tomography (μCT) measurement.ResultsPDE leads to impaired bone remodeling as well as decreased bone mass in the long bone of female mouse offspring. During postnatal bone growth, significant decrease of CD45−CD29+CD105+Sca-1+bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and CD45−Nestin+cells, loss of type H vessels, and increment of cellular senescence were found in metaphysis of long bone in mouse offspring after PDE. We further show that eliminating the excessive senescent cells with dasatinib (5 mg/kg/day) and quercetin (50 mg/kg/day) during GD 12–14 rescues the above toxic effect of PDE on the postnatal long bone growth in female mouse offspring.ConclusionCellular senescence mediates the toxic effect of PDE on postnatal long bone growth in mouse offspring, and inhibition of cellular senescence may be proposed for treating the retardation of bone growth caused by PDE.
DLX5 and HOXC8 enhance the chondrogenic differentiation potential of stem cells from apical papilla via LINC01013
Authors: Yang Haoqing , Cao Yangyang , Zhang Jianpeng , Liang Yuncun , Su Xiaomin , Zhang Chen , Liu Huina , Han Xiao , Ge Lihua , Fan Zhipeng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundMesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cartilage tissue regeneration is a treatment with great potential. How to enhance the MSC chondrogenic differentiation is a key issue involved in cartilage formation. In the present study, we seek to expound the phenotypes and mechanisms of DLX5 in chondrogenic differentiation function in MSCs.MethodsStem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) were used. The Alcian Blue staining, pellet culture system, and cell transplantation in rabbit knee cartilage defect were used to evaluate the chondrogenic differentiation function of MSCs. Western blot, real-time RT-PCR, and ChIP assays were used to evaluate the molecular mechanisms.ResultsDLX5 and HOXC8 expressions were upregulated during chondrogenic differentiation. In vitro results showed that DLX5 and HOXC8 enhanced the expression of chondrogenic markers including collagen II (COL2), collagen V (COL5), and sex-determining region Y box protein 9 (SOX9) and promoted the chondrogenic differentiation and the formation of cartilage clumps in the pellet culture system. Mechanically, DLX5 and HOXC8 formed protein complexes and negatively regulated the LncRNA, LINC01013, via directly binding its promoter. In vivo transplantation experiment showed that DLX5 and HOXC8 could restore the cartilage defect in the rabbit knee model. In addition, knock-down of LINC01013 enhanced the chondrogenic differentiation of SCAPs.ConclusionsIn conclusion, DLX5 and HOXC8 enhance the chondrogenic differentiation abilities of SCAPs by negatively regulating LINC01013 in SCAPs, and provided the potential target for promoting cartilage tissue regeneration.
A reference single-cell transcriptomic atlas of human skeletal muscle tissue reveals bifurcated muscle stem cell populations
Authors: De Micheli Andrea J. , Spector Jason A. , Elemento Olivier , Cosgrove Benjamin D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSingle-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) facilitates the unbiased reconstruction of multicellular tissue systems in health and disease. Here, we present a curated scRNA-seq dataset of human muscle samples from 10 adult donors with diverse anatomical locations. We integrated ~ 22,000 single-cell transcriptomes using Scanorama to account for technical and biological variation and resolved 16 distinct populations of muscle-resident cells using unsupervised clustering of the data compendium. These cell populations included muscle stem/progenitor cells (MuSCs), which bifurcated into discrete “quiescent” and “early-activated” MuSC subpopulations. Differential expression analysis identified transcriptional profiles altered in the activated MuSCs including genes associated with aging, obesity, diabetes, and impaired muscle regeneration, as well as long non-coding RNAs previously undescribed in human myogenic cells. Further, we modeled ligand-receptor cell-communication interactions and observed enrichment of the TWEAK-FN14 pathway in activated MuSCs, a characteristic signature of muscle wasting diseases. In contrast, the quiescent MuSCs have enhanced expression of the EGFR receptor, a recognized human MuSC marker. This work provides a new benchmark reference resource to examine human muscle tissue heterogeneity and identify potential targets in MuSC diversity and dysregulation in disease contexts.
Biocompatible combinations of nisin and licorice polyphenols exert synergistic bactericidal effects against Enterococcus faecalis and inhibit NF-κB activation in monocytes
Authors: Grenier Daniel , Marcoux Eve , Azelmat Jabrane , Ben Lagha Amel , Gauthier Philippe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEnterococcus faecalis is one of the bacterial species most frequently isolated from persistent endodontic and apical periodontal infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the synergistic antibacterial effects of nisin and selected licorice polyphenols (glabridin, licoricidin, licochalcone A) against planktonic and biofilm-embedded E. faecalis cells. The biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory properties of the nisin/licorice polyphenol combinations were also investigated. The lantibiotic bacteriocin (nisin), the two isoflavonoids (glabridin, licoricidin), and the chalcone (licochalcone A) efficiently inhibited the growth of E. faecalis, with MICs ranging from 6.25 to 25 µg/mL. Combining nisin with each licorice polyphenol individually resulted in a significant synergistic antibacterial effect. Following a 30-min contact, nisin in combination with either glabridin, licoricidin, or licochalcone A caused significant biofilm killing. The nisin/licorice polyphenol combinations had no cytotoxic effects (oral epithelial cells, gingival fibroblasts, and stem cells of the apical papilla), with the exception of nisin/glabridin, when used at their MICs. Lastly, we showed that nisin/glabridin, nisin/licoricidin, and nisin/licochalcone A inhibit NF-κB activation induced by E. faecalis in a monocyte model, suggesting that these combinations possess anti-inflammatory properties. The present study provides evidence that combinations of nisin and glabridin, licoricidin, or licochalcone A show promise as root canal disinfection agents.
Lupaş blending functions with shifted knots and q-Bézier curves
Authors: Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Sharma Vinita , Khan Asif 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce blending functions of Lupaş q-Bernstein operators with shifted knots for constructing q-Bézier curves and surfaces. We study the nature of degree elevation and degree reduction for Lupaş q-Bézier Bernstein functions with shifted knots for $t \in [\frac{a}{[\mu ]_{q}+b} , \frac{[\mu ]_{q}+a}{[\mu ]_{q}+b} ]$
t
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[

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]

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. For the parameters $a=b=0$
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=
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, we get Lupaş q-Bézier curves defined on $[0,1]$
[
0
,
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]
. We show that Lupaş q-Bernstein functions with shifted knots are tangent to fore-and-aft of its polygon at end points. We present a de Casteljau algorithm to compute Bernstein Bézier curves and surfaces with shifted knots. The new curves have some properties similar to q-Bézier curves. Similarly, we discuss the properties of the tensor product for Lupaş q-Bézier surfaces with shifted knots over the rectangular domain.
Indo-Pacific cooperation: what do trade simulations indicate?
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Masudur , Kim Chanwahn , De Prabir 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the potential economic effect of ‘Indo-Pacific’ regional economic cooperation and compares with the extended CPTPP. The Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) results show that the quadrilateral alliance between the United States, Japan, Australia, and India shows although a substantial economic gain whilst South and East Asia join with the Indo-Pacific cooperation, the economic benefit would be enormous. The findings also indicate that South and East Asian improved trade facilitation could bring huge gain as a large part of Indo-Pacific trade has remained unrealized. The trade transaction cost is one of the major trading barriers prohibiting the growth of Indo-Pacific intra-regional trade. The study reinforces that improvement in infrastructure and connectivity that leads to less trade transportation costs should be a necessary step to realise Indo-Pacific trade potential.