bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF EMPLOYEES’ VALUES AND SOCIAL AND ROLE IDENTITY IN PERSONNEL TRAINING
Authors: Pismenyuk Ekaterina Sergeevna , Gryazeva-Dobshinskaya Vera Gennadievna 
Published: November 2020

Background. Market uncertainty expands the capabilities of organizations and creates the need for the development of a training system that meets modern requirements. One of the requirements for personnel training is the need to develop readiness for choice in situations of uncertainty. According to researchers, the readiness for a situation of uncertainty is mediated by the social identity and values shared by the organization members. Features of social identity and values that form effective personnel strategies in a situation of uncertainty have been insufficiently studied. Aim. This study aims to determine the features of the social and role identity and values of employees in personnel training. Materials and methods. The sample of the study consisted of sales managers (80 people) aged from 23 to 45 years. Features of the social and role identity and values of managers were studied before and after the Motivation Skills program chosen for the experiment. Social and role identity was investigated using the ROSSTL method by V.G. Griazeva-Dobshinskaya; managers' values were studied using the eflective choice method by V.A. Petrovsky. The data obtained were subjected to factor analysis. Results. A change in the social and role identity and values of personnel in a learning situation has been revealed. After the experiment, managers identified as leaders began to choose work as subordinates and the values of “development” and “career” as a working requirement. Managers with vague identifications began to choose the activities relevant for the organization and such values as “career” and “money” as a working requirement. Managers without identification began to choose creative work and such values as “money” as a working requirement. Conclusion. It has been established that personnel training contributes to a change in the choice of professional roles and reflection regarding the values chosen by personnel.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL MINUTE DATA AND THE Р300 AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIAL IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTERNET ADDICTION BEHAVIOR
Authors: Krivonogova Olga Vyacheslavovna , Krivonogova Elena Vyacheslavovna , Poskotinova Liliya Vladimirovna 
Published: November 2020

Background. The nature of changes in cerebral biopotentials as a neurobiological foundation of individual time in persons with different levels of internet addiction behavior remains insufficiently studied. However, these biopotentials reflect decision making speed and the quality of significant stimulus detection by brain structures. The paper aims to establish the correlation between the P300 cognitive evoked potential and individual minute (IM) test in young people with different levels of Internet addiction (IA) risk. Materials and methods. Healthy young people aged 16-17 years (n = 51) participated in the study. The survey was conducted according to the Chen scale (CIAS – Chen Internet Addiction Scale) modified by V. Malygin. This modification implies the calculation of the CIAS total score and the subjective assessment of time intervals by the IM test. The amplitude and latency of the P 300 auditory evoked potential were determined using the Neuron-Spectrum - 4 /VMP electroencephalograph (Neurosoft, Russia) in the frontal (F3, F4), temporal (F7, F8, T3, T4), central (C3, C4) and parietal (P3, P4) leads of the electroencephalogram. Results. No significant correlations were found between the IM time, P 300 data and the severity of IA signs in young people with a minimal risk of IA (less than 43 scores by CIAS). There was a decrease in the IM time and an increase in P300 amplitude (mainly in the frontal and anterior temporal areas) in persons with a risk of IA (43–65 scores by CIAS). In persons with a stable IA pattern (more than 65 scores by CIAS), the minimum P 300 amplitude in the F7, F8 brain areas was found against a relative increase in the IM time and the number of errors in decision making. Conclusion. An increased risk of Internet addiction behavior in young people is accompanied by phase changes in the ratios of P 300 amplitude (mainly in the anterior temporal areas), the quality of information processing and individual time perception.
DRIVERS PERCEPTION OF TIME AS A FACTOR OF ROAD SAFETY
Authors: Kuznetsov Yurii Aleksandrovich 
Published: November 2020

Background. One of the ways to reduce road traffic accident rate is to improve the driver's reliability by training his/her psychophysiological fitness. The most important parameter of human psychophysiology that affects the accuracy of road situation analysis is the perception of time. Aim. The paper aims to determine the features of time perception by drivers depending on their gender, age, general psychophysiological fitness and driving experience. Materials and methods. The results of a survey of 1000 driving school students and 500 professional drivers were used during the study. Participants were divided into four equal age groups of both sexes. The representativeness of a random sample was achieved in accordance with the method of prof. D. Mannheim separately for males and females, as well as for adolescents, young and mature people. The primary indicators were determined using the UPDK-MK Avtomobilny (Neurokom) hardware and software complex for testing the psychophysiological qualities of the driver. The data obtained were presented in the form of distribution of the surveyed according to the level of time perception depending on gender, age, driving experience and the level of psychophysiological fitness. Results. A low level of accuracy of time perception was found in the majority of participants regardless of their age, gender and driving experience. The share of persons with a satisfactory and unsatisfactory level of accuracy averaged 61% among driving school students and 56% among professional drivers, practically regardless of age. Psychophysiological fitness was of significant importance: in persons with a high level of it, the “very good” mark for the accuracy of time perception was 2.5 times higher. Conclusion. To improve the perception of time by a person and to increase road safety, it is necessary to intentionally train general psychophysiological fitness of a person and his/her perception of time.
Analysis of body composition and physical fitness traits in children using bicycle
Authors: Büyükergün Aliye , Civan Adem , Kutlu Mehmet 
Published: November 2020

Analysis of body composition and physical fitness traits in children using bicycle. A total of 113 boys aged 12-14 years participated in the study voluntarily with 38 male bicycle athletes, 29 basketball athletes, and 46 non-athletes. Participants who were close answers to each other according to the answers given after asking the participants the number of training times, daily training time and sports experiences were included in the study. According to the normality test results of the groups, one-way ANOVA, one of the parametric tests, and correlation analyses were used to determine the relationships between the parameters. In the study, a statistically significant difference was found in the parameters of flexibility, vertical jump, 30 m speed, agility, coordination, body fat ratio according to the groups (p <0.05). Considering the differences between cycling athletes, basketball athletes and non-athletes in the age group of 12-14, there were significant differences in parameters such as flexibility, body fat ratio and agility in favor of cycling athletes. In addition, according to this study, basketball sport provides positive benefits in terms of speed coordination development and anaerobic power. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Bu araştırmanın amacı; bisiklet kullanan çocuklarda vücut kompozisyonu ve fiziksel uygunluk özelliklerinin analizidir. Araştırmaya 38 erkek bisiklet sporcusu, 29 basketbol sporcusu ve 46 spor yapmayan 12-14 yaş arası toplamda 113 erkek çocuk gönüllü olarak katıldı. Katılımcıların haftalık antrenman sayısı, günlük antrenman süresi ve spor geçmişleri tespit edilerek, verilen cevaplara göre birbirine yakın olan katılımcılar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Yapılan ölçümler arasında; vücut komposiyonu ve fiziksel uygunluk ile ilişkili testler yer almaktaydı. Grupların normallik testi sonuçlarına göre parametrik testlerden One Way ANOVA ve parametreler arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi için korelasyon analizleri kullanıldı. Çalışmada gruplara göre esneklik, dikey sıçrama, 30 m sürat, çeviklik, koordinasyon ve vücut yağ oranı parametrelerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). 12-14 yaşlarındaki bisiklet sporcuları, basketbol sporcuları ve spor yapmayan grup arasında oluşan bu farklar göz önüne alındığında bisiklet sporcuları lehinde esneklik, vücut yağ oranı ve çeviklik gibi parametrelerde anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu çalışmaya göre basketbol sporunun 12-14 yaş grubu çocuklarıda sürat, koordinasyon ve anaerobik güç değişkenlerini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.
HUBUNGAN HbA1c DENGAN CRP PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE-2 DENGAN OBESITAS DAN TANPA OBESITAS
Authors: Permatasari Narulita Dyah , Rachmawati Banundari , Riansari Anugrah , Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan 
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang: Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa plasma. Kadar glukosa plasma yang tinggi dalam jangka waktu lama (hiperglikemia kronik), menstimulasi peningkatan kadar C-reactive protein (CRP). Penderita DMT2 dengan obesitas kemungkinan memiliki kadar CRP yang lebih tinggi karena penumpukan sel adiposa juga dapat memicu reaksi inflamasi di dalam tubuh. Mengetahui hubungan antara obesitas, DMT2, dan kadar CRP sangat diperlukan untuk tujuan klinis serta mencegah terjadinya komplikasi penyakit.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dan CRP pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan obesitas dan tanpa obesitasMetode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan belah lintang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro dan beberapa klinik pratama di Semarang pada Mei-Juli 2020. Subjek penelitian adalah 30 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan obesitas dan 30 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 tanpa obesitas usia 35-60 tahun Pengukuran kadar HbA1c dan CRP dilakukan menggunakan alat ichroma metode fluorescence immunoassay (FIA). Analisis statistik untuk menguji normalitas data menggunakan Shapiro wilk test, Independent t test dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata karakteristik antara kelompok obesitas dan non-obesitas, dan Spearman Rank digunakan untuk melihat korelasi antara HbA1c dengan kadar CRP.Hasil: Tidak ada korelasi antara kadar HbA1c dengan CRP pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan obesitas p = 0.420, r = 0,153 dan tanpa obesitas yaitu p= 0,182, r = 0,250.Simpulan: Kadar CRP yang terjadi pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dimana inflamasi berjalan kronis tidak dipengaruhi oleh tingginya HbA1c baik pada kondisi obesitas maupun tidak obesitas.
An Economic Instrument to Reduce the Crime Rate in Sweden
Authors: Stenis Jan 
Published: November 2020

Objectives
Crime is one of the most important social problems, affecting public safety, children’s development, and adult socioeconomic status. The Naturally Optimised Revenue Demand in Communities, the NORDIC model was applied to reduce the crime rate.
Methods
The NORDIC model that formed the basis of my study, was adapted to crime prevention. The approach was tested in a realistic case study on the crime rates in Sweden.
Results
Governments obtained a tool to monitor, manage, and evaluate criminality. End-users including law enforcement authorities and politicians could also use the tool to redesign the crime policy. The launched model produced constructed shadow costs to induce economic incentives to reduce the crime rate. The model considered the public’s awareness of the crime.
Conclusions
This paper introduced a practical, economic instrument for improved management of the crime rates. The NORDIC model could be used to reduce the Swedish crime rates and its danger to health as well as to raise the public’s awareness of crime issues.
Effect Of Governace On Performanceof County Governments In Kenya
Authors: Wahinya Grace Njeri 
Published: November 2020

This study’s purpose was to evaluate the effect of governance on performance of county governments in Kenya. The data collection instrument used was Questionnaire. The questionnaire collected primary data from seven counties in Kenya (Machakos, Kakamega, Murang’a, Kilifi, Migori, Nakuru and Nairobi) drawn from 47 county governments in Kenya. The researcher identified the best performing county from every region of the former eight provinces of the republic of Kenya. The study adopted correlational research design. The study adopted two tools of analysis namely: correlation and regression analysis. The correlation analysis portrayed the positive correlation between the predictor and the response variables. Regression analysis was used to explain the relationship between the predictor and response variables. To provide the strength of the relationship between the model and the response variable and determine its goodness fit, R-squared was used. F statistics was used to test the significance of the regression model. The findings articulated that governance significantly performance of county governance. From the findings, the study concludes that the county governments should enhance on further improvement in the area of governance in order to enhance the benefit of governance on performance of county governments.
HBCU Trains Communities of Color
Authors: Plummer Yolandra 
Published: November 2020

In June 2020, the University of the District of Columbia began a dual virtual skills certificate program in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The historically black college and university’s (HBCU) introductory program prepared individuals for careers as Contact Tracers and Community Health Workers. A sample of 55 students participated in the pilot program to learn how to investigate the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The program targeted District residents who received Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) benefits. The TANF program provided work readiness training to low-income families to enable them to move from public assistance to self-sufficiency. Program participants earned a dual certificate in Contact Tracing and Community Health Worker after completing the 20-hour program. The UDC work readiness program created a career pathway in healthcare which combines education, training, credentialing. The program includes support services to assist individuals with advancing in a high-demand occupation while earning a living wage. The demand for contact training demonstrates that HBCUs are a viable option to engage communities of colors to reduce the transmission of the COVID-19 virus.
Entopeduncular Nucleus Projections to the Lateral Habenula Contribute to Cocaine Avoidance
Authors: Li Hao , Eid Maya , Pullmann Dominika , Chao Ying S. , Thomas Alen A. , Jhou Thomas C. 
Published: November 2020

The aversive properties associated with drugs of abuse influence both the development of addiction and relapse. Cocaine produces strong aversive effects after rewarding effects wear off, accompanied by increased firing in the lateral habenula (LHb) that contributes to downstream activation of the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg). However, the sources of this LHb activation are unknown, as the LHb receives many excitatory inputs whose contributions to cocaine aversion remain uncharacterized. Using cFos activation andin vivoelectrophysiology in male rats, we demonstrated that the rostral entopeduncular nucleus (rEPN) was the most responsive region to cocaine among LHb afferents examined and that single cocaine infusions induced biphasic responses in rEPN neurons, with inhibition during cocaine's initial rewarding phase transitioning to excitation during cocaine's delayed aversive phase. Furthermore, rEPN lesions reduced cocaine-induced cFos activation by 2-fold in the LHb and by a smaller proportion in the RMTg, while inactivation of the rEPN or the rEPN-LHb pathway attenuated cocaine avoidance behaviors measured by an operant runway task and by conditioned place aversion (CPA). These data show an essential but not exclusive role of rEPN and its projections to the LHb in processing the aversive effects of cocaine, which could serve as a novel target for addiction vulnerability.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCocaine produces well-known rewarding effects but also strong aversive effects that influence addiction propensity, but whose mechanisms are poorly understood. We had previously reported that the lateral habenula (LHb) is activated by cocaine and contributes to cocaine's aversive effects, and the current findings show that the rostral entopeduncular nucleus (rEPN) is a major contributor to this LHb activation and to conditioned avoidance of cocaine. These findings show a critical, though not exclusive, rEPN role in cocaine's aversive effects, and shed light on the development of addiction.
Randomized Controlled Trial of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Preterm Infants After Extubation
Authors: Uchiyama Atsushi , Okazaki Kaoru , Kondo Masatoshi , Oka Shuntaro , Motojima Yukiko , Namba Fumihiko , Nagano Nobuhiko , Yoshikawa Kayo , Kayama Kazunori , Kobayashi Akira , Soeno Yoshiki , Numata Osamu , Suenaga Hideyo , Imai Ken , Maruyama Hidehiko , Fujinaga Hideshi , Furuya Hiroyuki , Ito Yushi ,   NON-INVASIVE PROCEDURE FOR PREMATURE NEONATES (NIPPN) STUDY GROUP
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Our aim is to compare the efficacy and safety of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) against those of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) or nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) after extubation in preterm infants.

METHODS:
This prospective, randomized, noninferiority trial was conducted in 6 tertiary NICUs. Infants born at &lt;34 weeks who needed noninvasive ventilation after extubation were enrolled. We randomly assigned infants to an HFNC group when HFNC was used or to an NCPAP/NIPPV group when NCPAP or NIPPV was used. The primary outcome was treatment failure within 7 days after extubation. We then examined clinical aspects of treatment failure with HFNC use.

RESULTS:
In total, 176 and 196 infants were assigned to the HFNC and NCPAP/NIPPV groups, respectively. The HFNC group showed a significantly higher rate of treatment failure than that of the NCPAP/NIPPV group, with treatment failure occurring in 54 infants (31%) compared with 31 infants (16%) in the NCPAP/NIPPV group (risk difference, 14.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, 6.2–23.2). Histologic chorioamnionitis (P = .02), treated patent ductus arteriosus (P = .001), and corrected gestational age at the start of treatment (P = .007) were factors independently related to treatment failure with HFNC use.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found HFNC revealed a significantly higher rate of treatment failure than NCPAP or NIPPV after extubation in preterm infants. The independent factors associated with treatment failure with HFNC use were histologic chorioamnionitis, treated patent ductus arteriosus, and a younger corrected gestational age at the start of treatment.
Iris sibirica (Iridaceae) on the territory of Western Ukraine
Authors: Scrypec K. I. , Tasenkevich L. O. , Seniv M. M. 
Published: November 2020

The state of Iris sibirica L. in the national botanical reserve "The Valley of the Irises" is characterized. In particular, it was found that I. sibirica should be classified in the group of Euro-West Siberian, and not as a Euro-Siberian or even Eurasian species. Phenological rhythms and peculiarities of fruiting have been studied. It is established that the duration of the vegetation period of I. sibirica lasts 187–246 days. The most important stages of the reproductive cycle of I. sibirica (structure of inflorescences, flowers, fruits and seeds, phenology, seed productivity) have been studied. We first discovered that on the inner surface of the flower tube there is a multilayer secretory tissue – perigonal nectar. The fruiting of I. sibirica, which lasts quite a long time: 2–3 months (60–80 days) from June to August, was studied. In this population two ways opening of the capsule were observed. Apis mellifera (Linnaeus, 1758) (honey bee) and Bombus bombus (Latreille, 1802) (bumblebee) are pollinators of I. sibirica in the reserve. The coefficient of seed productivity of I. sibirica was high and quite stable, but despite the high potential and actual seed productivity in the population there is a weak seed recovery, which is associated with high turfing and invasions of members of the phytophagous genus Ceutorhynchus. Their activity dramatically reduces the maturation and dissemination of full-fledged mature seeds due to damage to flowers, capsules and seeds in them. However, the population of I. sibirica in the "The Valley of the Irises" is mature, normal, with a slight predominance of young individuals, which provides it with positive dynamics.
Retrospective analysis of the epizootic situation of enzootic bovine leukosis in Ukraine in 1994–2019
Authors: Korniienko L. Y. , Pyskun A. V. , Tsarenko T. M. , Ukhovskyi V. V. , Kyivska G. V. , Moroz O. A. , Kovalenko V. L. , Aliekseieva G. B. 
Published: November 2020

In Ukraine, prevention and control measures of bovine leukosis were regulated by relevant legislation, regulations and instructions developed in the period 1960–1992. Currently, the instruction on prevention and rehabilitation of this disease in cattle is used (approved in 2007). According to it, the identification of infected animals is carried out from 6 months of age by serological (first scheme in AGID or another in ELISA) and genomic (PCR) methods. The infected animals are removed from the herd or slaughtered. In general, because of the diagnostic and preventive measures carried out during the analyzed period (26 years) 10 519 farms were rehabilitated from leukosis (2 346 affected farms remained from previous years). At the same time, more 4 million infected cattle were slaughtered. The majority of affected farms (more than 1 000) were registered in the period between 1994 (2 346 farms) and 2003 (1 247 farms). Since 2014, the number of affected farms has remained mostly below 10 and the number of infected cattle has decreased to 2 000 animals per year. At the same time, the number of rehabilitated farms also decreased (from 1 307 farms in 1998 to 4 farms in 2014). The same trend was registered with the dynamics of the number of animals that were removed from the herd due to leukosis. Thus, in 1995 and 1997 their numbers were 321 178 and 558 649 animals, respectively, and in 2014 it was 1 124. The obtained indicators of intensity and extensiveness of the epizootic process show that the incidence rate was maximal during 1998–2000 and amounted to 3.7–4.3%. The maximum indicators of the coefficient of affection were recorded in 1997–2000 and equal 11.8–15.3%. The rate of foci remained on the level of 90–270 throughout the all analyzed period. During 2008–2019, specialists of the Ukrainian veterinary laboratories investigated more than 47 million samples of cattle blood sera for enzootic bovine leukosis by AGID and ELISA. However, despite the significant diagnostic work, the important factor in the decrease of the number of affected farms and infected animals is the decrease in the total number of cattle in Ukraine (almost 22 million animals in 1994 against 3 million in 2019). Graphic trends of these indicators are comparable and agree with the decrease in the number of cattle in our country by analyzed period. After 2014, the number of affected farms ranged 10–17 per year (mostly in private households). However, the full recovery of cattle in Ukraine from bovine leukosis has not taken place, although our country is closer than ever to this.