bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nationwide survey of intraoperative management for one-lung ventilation in Taiwan: time to accountable for diversity in protective lung ventilation
Authors: Kuo Chuan-Yi , Liu Ying-Tung , Chen Tzu-Shan , Lam Chen-Fuh , Wu Ming-Cheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a major paradigm shift for intraoperative mechanical ventilator support by the introduction of lung protective ventilation strategies to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications and improve overall clinical outcomes in non-thoracic surgeries. However, there is currently a lack of standardized practice guideline for lung protection during thoracic surgeries that require one-lung ventilation (OLV). This study aimed to collect the expert opinions of the thoracic anesthesiologists in perioperative care for OLV surgery in Taiwan. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in 16 tertiary hospitals in Taiwan from January to February 2019. A structured survey form was distributed across the participating hospitals and the thoracic anesthesiologists were invited to complete the form voluntarily. The survey form consisted of three parts, including the basic information of the institutional anesthesia care standards, ventilatory settings for a proposed patient receiving OLV surgery and expert opinions on OLV. Results: A total of 71 thoracic anesthesiologists responded to the survey. Double-lumen tubes are the most commonly used (93.8%) airway devices for OLV. The most commonly recommended ventilator setting during OLV is a tidal volume of 6-7 ml/kg PBW (67.6%) and a PEEP level of 4-6 cmH2O (73.5%). Dual controlled ventilator modes are used by 44.1% of the anesthesiologists. During OLV, high oxygen fraction (FiO2 >0.8) is more commonly supplemented to achieve an oxygen saturation higher than 94%. The consensus of anesthesiologists on the indices for lung protection in thoracic surgery is considerably low. Large majority of the anesthesiologists (91.5%) highly recommend that an international clinical practice guideline on the protective lung ventilation strategy for thoracic anesthesia should be established. Conclusions: This study found that the thoracic anesthesiologists in Taiwan share certain common practices in ventilator support during OLV. However, they are concerned about the lack of fundamental clinical evidences to support the beneficial outcomes of the current lung protective strategies applicable to OLV. Large-scale trials are needed to form an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for thoracic anesthesia.
The changes of corneal biomechanical properties with long-term treatment of prostaglandin analogue measured by Corvis ST
Authors: Wu Na , Chen Yuhong , Yang Yaping , Sun Xinghuai 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the corneal biomechanical changes in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients treated with long-term prostaglandin analogue (PGA). Methods: 111 newly diagnosed POAG patients, including 43 high tension glaucoma (HTG) and 68 normal tension glaucoma (NTG), were measured by Corvis ST to obtain intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal biomechanical parameters at baseline and at each follow-up visit after initiation of PGA treatment. The follow-up measurements were analyzed by the generalized estimate equation model with an exchangeable correlation structure. Restricted cubic spline was employed to estimate the dose-response relation between month and corneal biomechanics． Results: The mean follow-up time was 10.3 ± 7.02 months. Deformation amplitude (DA, β=-0.0015, P =0.016), the first applanation velocity (AV1, β=-0.0004, P =0.00058) decreased and the first applanation time (AT1, β=0.0089, P <0.000001) increased statistically significantly with PGA therapy over time after adjusting for age, gender, axial length, corneal curvature, IOP and CCT. In addition, AT1 was lower (7.2950 ± 0.2707 in NTG and 7.5889 ± 0.2873 in HTG, P =0.00011) and AV1 was greater (0.1478 ± 0.0187 in NTG and 0.1314 ± 0.0191 in HTG, P =0.00002) in NTG than in HTG after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions: Chronic use of PGA probably could influence the corneal biomechanical properties directly, which is to make cornea less deformable. Besides, corneas in NTG tended to be more deformable compared to those in HTG with long-term treatment of PGA.
Summary of perioperative calcium regulation therapy and analysis of related factors in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Zhang XinSheng , zhang weibin , Dong Jia , Wu YunFei , Zheng Bin , Dai Jin , Ma Yan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background：Retrospectively register the clinical data of secondary hyperparathyroidism（SHPT）patients who received surgical treatment, summarize the postoperative calcium regulation scheme in details and analyze statistically related factors for guiding clinical early intervention and evaluating prognosis.Methods: Review the clinical data of 136 patients with chronic renal failure in uremic stage from Jinzhou Central Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, who received dialysis treatment for a long time and finally diagnosed as secondary hyperparathyroidism, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019, were accepted different operations to treat hyperparathyroidism, were given corresponding calcium regulation therapy to avoid serious complicationswere, and were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the postoperative calcium regulation time of ≤7days and > 7days, which is defined as the time from the day of operation until the day when the patients have stable blood calcium levels and no obvious discomfort symptoms.Results: The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001); Compared with the control group, the observation group were elder(54.01±9.215; P<0.01), shorter preoperative dialysis time (5.05±2.855; P<0.01); significant difference in operation mode (P=0.026); positive preoperative oral calcium(c2=9.941, P=0.002), higher preoperative calcium value (t=4.795; P<0.001), lower preoperative Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) value (t=6.327; P<0.001), lower preoperative Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) value (t=3.527; P=0.001); Multivariate analysis showed that age, preoperative calcium value, preoperative PTH value and preoperative ALP value were independent risk factors for postoperative calcium regulation therapy. Those factors, Gender, preoperative dialysis mode, complications, preoperative Hemoglobin(HB) value, were not related to postoperative calcium regulation. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Effective postoperative calcium regulation can maintain a stable level of blood calcium in the patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, so as to avoid the occurrence of severe hypocalcemia.
Markers for monitoring hydrogen peroxide resistance in the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis
Authors: Agusti-Ridaura Celia , Bakke Marit Jørgensen , Helgesen Kari Olli , Sundaram Arvind YM , Bakke Sigrid Jørgensen , Kaur Kiranpreet , Horsberg Tor Einar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the delousing agents used to control sea lice infestations in salmonid aquaculture. However, some Lepeophtheirus salmonis populations have developed resistance towards H2O2. An increased gene expression and activity of catalase, an enzyme that breaks down H2O2, have been detected in resistant lice, being therefore introduced as a resistance marker in the salmon industry. In the present study the aim was to validate the use of catalase expression as a marker and to identify new markers related to H2O2 resistance in L. salmonis.Methods: A sensitive and an H2O2 resistant laboratory strain (P0 generation, not exposed to H2O2 for several years) were batch crossed to generate a cohort with a wide range of H2O2 sensitivities (F2 generation). F2 adult females were then exposed to H2O2 to separate sensitive and resistant individuals. Those F2 lice, the P0 lice and field-collected resistant lice (exposed to H2O2 in the field) were used in an RNA sequencing study.Results: Catalase was up-regulated in resistant lice exposed to H2O2 compared to sensitive lice. This was, however, not the case for unexposed resistant P0 lice. Several other genes were found differentially expressed between sensitive and resistant lice, but most of them seemed to be related to H2O2 exposure. However, five genes were consistently up- or down- regulated in the resistant lice independent of exposure history. The up-regulated genes were: one gene in the DNA polymerase family, one gene encoding a Nesprin-like protein and an unannotated gene encoding a small protein. The down-regulated genes encoded endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 29 and an aquaporin (Glp1_v2).Conclusions: Catalase expression seems to be induced by H2O2 exposure, since it was not up-regulated in unexposed resistant lice. This may pose a challenge for its use as a resistance marker. The five new genes associated with resistance are put forward as potential good, complementary markers. The most promising was Glp1_v2, an aquaglyceroporin that may serve as a passing channel for H2O2. Lower channel number can reduce the influx or distribution of H2O2 in the salmon louse, being directly involved in the resistance mechanism.
Does Socioeconomic Position Affect Knowledge of the Risk Factors and Awareness of the Warning Signs of Stroke in the WHO European Region? A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Stack Katie , Robertson Wendy , Blackburn Clare 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cerebrovascular accidents are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. People with a lower socioeconomic position (SEP) (i.e. with regards to education, income and occupation) are at a higher risk of having a stroke and have worse clinical outcomes compared to the general population. Good knowledge levels about stroke risk factors and warning signs are key to prolonging life and reducing health issues caused by stroke. This systematic review examined differences in knowledge of stroke risk factors and awareness of stroke warning signs with regards to SEP in the WHO European region.Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and CINAHL were systematically searched to find articles looking at knowledge of risk factors and/or awareness of warning signs of stroke, with results broken down by SEP. A title and abstract screen, and, if appropriate, a full text screen, of these results was carried out, as well as screening reference lists of included studies. Only studies in the English language and those based in the WHO European region were included.Results: Screening identified 2,118 records. In the final review, 20 articles were included, with 67,309 study participants between them. Out of 17 studies that looked at stroke risk factors, 11 found increasing knowledge to be associated with higher SEP, four found no difference by SEP, one showed a mixed pattern and one outlier study found increasing knowledge of risk factors to be associated with a lower SEP. Out of 19 studies that looked at stroke warning signs or symptoms, 15 found there to be better awareness of warning signs with a higher SEP, three found there to be no difference, and the same outlier study found increasing knowledge of warning signs with a lower SEP. Studies that seemed to have a higher quality rating found increasing knowledge of stroke with a higher SEP.Conclusions: In the WHO European region, better knowledge of stroke risk factors and awareness of warning signs is associated with a higher SEP. Public health campaigns and educational interventions aiming to increase stroke awareness should be targeted at people with a lower SEP.
The Concept And Methods Of Community Participation In Animal And Human Disease Surveillance
Authors: Waziri Musa Ibrahim , Yunusa Kaltungo Bilkisu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Animal health surveillance is essential to protecting public health, controlling animal diseases and accessing international animal trade with a view to ensuring food security. The practice of subsistent agriculture makes laboratory disease surveillance and statistics difficult or impracticable to implement. Many times, the information generated through conventional approach may not reflect true field situations. Therefore, animal health project interventions from conventional data may be difficult to implement. Community engagement, however, empowers and ensures lasting solutions to developmental challenges.Methods : Field experiences and a review of the origin, concepts, methods and tools of Participatory epidemiology (PE) in disease surveillance suggest their appropriate uses.Results : Community participation in animal and public health investigation, program design, implementation and monitoring is credited with ownership, acceptability and sustainability.Conclusion : This research highlights how and why participation is an essential component of a successful disease surveillance design and implementation. However, the success of any participatory program depends on understanding the bases and applications of the right tools.
VS-5584 Inhibits Human Osteosarcoma Cells Growth by Induction of G1- phase Arrest through Regulating PI3K/mTOR and MAPK Pathways
Authors: Sun Jing-Yi , Hou Ya-Jun , Cui Hai-Juan , Zhang Cheng , Yang Ming-Feng , Wang Feng-Ze , Sun Zheng , Fan Cun-Dong , Sun Bao-Liang , Oh Jin Rok 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Activation of PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway plays key role in the
progression of human osteosarcoma. Studies have confirmed that VS-5584 was a
novel inhibitor of PI3K/mTOR pathway, and displayed potential anticancer activity.

Objective:
To explore the anticancer effect and underlying mechanism of VS-5584 against the
growth of human osteosarcoma cells.

Methods:
U2OS and MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells were cultured and the cytotoxicity, cell
apoptosis in VS-5584-treated cells were explored by the CCK8 assay, flow cytometric analysis and
western blot. Cell migration and tube formation were also employed to examine the anticancer potential.

Results:
The results showed that VS-5584 treatment dose-dependently inhibited the growth of U2OS
and MG-63 cells by induction of G1-phase arrest through regulating p21, p27, Cyclin B1 and Cdc2.
Further investigation revealed that VS-5584 treatment effectively inhibited the PI3K/mTOR signaling
pathway and triggered MAPK phosphorylation. Moreover, VS-5584 treatment dramatically suppressed
cell migration and tube formation of HUVECs, followed by the down-regulation of HIF-1α
and VEGF.

Conclusion:
Our findings validated that VS-5584 may be a promising anticancer agent with potential
application in the chemotherapy and chemoprevention of human osteosarcoma.
Fingerprint-based 2D-QSAR Models for Predicting Bcl-2 Inhibitors Affinity
Authors: Byadi Said , Eddine Hachim Mouhi , Sadik Karima , Podlipnik Črtomir , Aboulmouhajir Aziz 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Bcl-2 family plays an essential role in the cell cycle events incorporating
survival, proliferation, and differentiation in normal and neoplastic neuronal cells. Thus, it
has been validated as a principal target for the treatment of cancer. For this reason, we will build
a model based on a large number of Bcl-2 inhibitors to predict the activities of new compounds
as future Bcl-2 inhibitors.

Methods:
In this study, QSAR models were successfully used to predict the inhibitory activity
against Bcl-2 for a set of compounds collected from BDB (Binding database). The kPLS (kernelbased
Partial Least-Square) method implemented in Schrodinger's Canvas, was used for searching
the correlation between pIC50 and binary fingerprints for a set of known Bcl-2 inhibitors.

Results and Discussion:
Models based on binary fingerprints with two kPLS factors have been
found with decent predictive power (q2 > 0.58), while the optimal number of factors is about 5.
The enrichment study (148 actives, 5700 decoys) has shown excellent classification ability of
our models (AUC > 0.90) for all cases).

Conclusion:
We found that the kPLS method, in combination with binary fingerprints, is useful
for the affinity prediction and the Bcl-2 inhibitors classification. The obtained promising results,
methods, and applications highlighted in this study will help us to design more selective Bcl-2
inhibitors with better structural characteristics and improved anti-cancer activity.
Screening of Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Mujawdiya Pavan K. , Kapur Suman 
Published: April 2020

Background and Objective:
Chronic diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation
and oxidative damage. Traditional medicines have been used to manage these disorders due to their
high polyphenol content and potent antioxidant activity. We evaluated the in-vitro anti-diabetic and
antioxidant potential of extracts of several medicinal plants namely, Mangifera indica, Terminalia
arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia lebbeck, Terminalia chebula and Hippophae rhamnoides.

Methods:
Total polyphenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents were estimated by standard methods.
Antioxidant activity was measured using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging
assay. The anti-diabetic potential was evaluated using in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay.

Results:
Terminalia chebula was found to be the richest in both polyphenols (566.5 ± 21.9 μg Gallic
acid equivalents/mg of dry weight) and flavonoids (190.67 ± 10.78 quercetin equivalents/mg of dry
weight). Extract of Terminalia arjuna was the richest source of saponins (171.92 ± 12.48 μg saponin
equivalents/mg of dry weight). All plant extracts showed potent anti-oxidant activity as reflected by
their IC50 values in DPPH assay, with Albizia lebbeck (IC50 = 1.35 μg/ml) being the most potent. All
plant extracts also showed potent anti-diabetic activity as inferred from their ability to inhibit α-
glucosidase, the principal enzyme involved in the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates in the intestine.
It was observed that all tested extracts were more potent (IC50 2.53 to 227 μg/ml) in comparison
to the standard α-glucosidase inhibitor Acarbose (IC50=2.7 mg/ml).

Conclusions:
The plant extracts of Mangifera indica, Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia
lebbeck, Terminalia chebula, and Hippophae rhamnoides possess potent antioxidant and α-
glucosidase inhibitory potential and can aid in the management of postprandial hyperglycemia and
oxidative damage.
Phanginin R Induces Cytoprotective Autophagy via JNK/c-Jun Signaling Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells
Authors: Zhang Le-Le , Bao Han , Xu Yu-Lian , Jiang Xiao-Ming , Li Wei , Zou Liang , Lin Li-Gen , Lu Jin-Jian 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Cassane-type diterpenoids are widely distributed in the medical plants of genus Caesalpinia.
To date, plenty of cassane diterpenoids have been isolated from the genus Caesalpinia, and some of
them were documented to exhibit multiple biological activities. However, the effects of these compounds on
autophagy have never been reported.

Objective:
To investigate the effects and mechanisms of the cassane diterpenoids including Phanginin R (PR) on
autophagy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells.

Methods:
Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay were performed to investigate the effects of the
compounds on autophagic flux in A549 cells. The pathway inhibitor and siRNA interference were used to investigate
the mechanism of PR. MTT assay was performed to detect cell viability.

Results:
PR treatment upregulated the expression of phosphatidylethanolamine-modified microtubule-associated
protein Light-Chain 3 (LC3-II) in A549 cells. Immunofluorescence assay showed that PR treatment increased
the production of red-fluorescent puncta in mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid-transfected cells, indicating PR promoted
autophagic flux in A549 cells. PR treatment activated the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling pathway
while it did not affect the classical Akt/mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Pretreatment with
the JNK inhibitor SP600125 or siRNA targeting JNK or c-Jun suppressed PR-induced autophagy. In addition,
cotreatment with the autophagy inhibitor Chloroquine (CQ) or inhibition of the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway
increased PR-induced cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:
PR induced cytoprotective autophagy in NSCLC A549 cells via the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway,
and autophagy inhibition could further improve the anti-cancer potential of PR.
Evaluation of the Conditions for the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Orange Peels and its Antibacterial Effect
Authors: Quiroz-Hernández Jose E. , Kharissova Oxana V. , Aguirre-Arzola Victor E. , Martinez-Avila Guillermo C.G. , Castillo-Velazquez Uziel 
Published: April 2020

Aims:
To use an agroindustrial waste (orange peels) as a source of polyphenols as a reducing
medium for obtaining silver nanoparticles by greener method.

Background:
Several techniques have been employed for AgNPs synthesis, nevertheless, most of them
involve the use of toxic chemicals in the process. The use of fungi, bacteria, and plant extracts as subtracts
for green synthesis is an ecofriendly alternative, although hypothetic, route for AgNPs large
scale synthesis. In the case of plant extracts, it is believed that polyphenols are the biomolecules responsible
for the reduction and stabilization of the Ag+ ions into AgNPs, being a sustainable and ecological
option; polyphenols could be obtained from plant waste and agroindustrial subproducts.

Objective:
To develop an efficient, greener, and low-cost method of AgNPs production using natural
products.

Methods:
The basic principle of silver nanoparticles synthesis is the interaction in a mixture of silver
nitrate (source of Ag+ ions) and the orange peel extract (reducing and stabilizing agent) under certain
conditions. Five treatments were carried out, evaluating several parameters during AgNPs synthesis
such as pH, orange peel extract-silver nitrate ratio, time and conditions of incubation, irradiation of UV
light, irradiation of microwave, and temperature.

Result:
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from an agroindustrial waste as the orange peel was successfully
carried out and checked by visual evaluation, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and EDS analysis. The
particle size was estimated between 42.82 nm to 151.75 nm, having a spherical and ovoid morphology.

Discussion:
Through the analysis of several synthesis conditions, it has become possible to establish a
suitable treatment to increase antibacterial yield and evaluate morphology and size traits in order to acquire
the best conditions for a future industrial scale synthesis.

Conclusion:
The orange peel aqueous extract resulted as a great source of polyphenols, allowing the
successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles in mild conditions. Thus, obtained AgNPs revealed an increased
antibacterial effect and potential against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphyloccocus aureus.