bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Global Awareness over Short-Term Study Abroad Sequence: A Factor Analysis
Authors: Kurt Mark , Olitsky Neal , Geis Paul 
Published: June 2020

Over the past 10 years, U.S. undergraduate participation in study abroad has increased dramatically. The majority of these study abroad experiences have durations of less than eight weeks. Due to the rapid growth in both of these areas, there has been increased interest in assessing student outcomes associated with short-term study abroad (STSA) programs. This paper investigates the impact of an STSA experience on undergraduate students' levels of global awareness over the entire STSA sequence: pre-preparatory course, post-preparatory course, and post-STSA program. We adopt and extend the measures constructed in Chieffo and Griffiths (2004),by implementing a longitudinal study across 23 separate STSA courses. Findings indicate that students’ global awareness does not change significantly after the preparatory course, but that students' levels of global awareness experience statistically significant increases along several dimensions after completing the STSA program. We also find that students who have completed a previous study abroad experience still benefit from an additional STSA course.
Adult Second Language Learners’ Pragmatic Development in the Study-abroad Context: A Review
Authors: Xiao Feng 
Published: June 2020

This article aims to further probe this complex relationship between the study abroad context and pragmatic development by synthesizing existing research studies under the guidance of two questions: 1) What pragmatic features have been examined in the study abroad context, and how have they been measured? and 2) Do adult L2 learners improve their pragmatic competence in the study abroad context over time?
Implikatur Percakapan dalam Studi Linguistik Pragmatik <em>(Conversational Implicature in Pragmatic Linguistic Studies)</em>
Authors: Saifudin Akhmad 
Published: June 2020

Â Tulisan ini membahas implikatur percakapan, yakni sebuah studi dalam ilmu linguistik pragmatik yang mengkaji maksud penutur dalam percakapan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan apa itu implikatur percakapan, bagaimana mengidentifikasi dan memaknai implikatur, serta mengapa penutur menggunakan implikatur dalam tuturannya. Untuk mengkaji permasalahan digunakan teori Grice tentang prinsip kerja sama (PK), maksim percakapan (MP), dan implikatur percakapan. Data percakapan diperoleh dari observasi percakapan natural antara penulis dan mahasiswa, serta percakapan di antara mahasiswa yang terjadi di lingkungan kampus. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada dasarnya dalam setiap percakapan digunakan implikatur. Implikatur digunakan bukan karena tidak ingin bekerja sama dalam percakapan, tetapi ada alasan yang lebih diprioritaskan dan alasan tersebut tidak dapat mematuhi semua maksim dalam MP. Implikatur percakapan digunakan untuk tujuan efisiensi verbal, pengalihan tanpa berbohong, kesopanan, dan tujuan estetika, serta ironi.Â This paper discusses the conversational implicature, which is a study in pragmatic linguistics that examines the intent of speakers in conversation. The purpose of this paper is to describe what the conversational implicature is, how to identify and interpret the implicature, and why do speakers want to engage in implicature. To study the problem Grice's theory of the cooperative principle, maxims of conversation, and the conversational implicature are used. Conversation data is obtained from observations of natural conversations between writers and students, as well as conversations between students that occur on campus. The results of the analysis show that basically in every conversation the implicature is used; The implicature is used not because they do not want to cooperate in conversation, but because there are prioritized reasons and those reasons cannot comply with all maxims in maxims of conversation. The conversationalimplicature is used for the purpose of verbal efficiency, misleading to lying, politeness, and aesthetic purposes, as well as irony.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TERWUJUDNYA SMART SOCIETY BAGI PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Anshory Muhammad Iqbal , Harisandi Yudhistira Saleh 
Published: June 2020

Pendekatan “tradisional” yang selama ini digunakan sudah tidak memadai lagi untuk mengatasi permasalahan kota yang kompleks. Esensi pendekatan tradisional ialah memecahkan permasalahan secara “satu per satu” dan ini tidak menyelesaikan permasalahan sebab satu masalah barangkali selesai, masalah lainnya muncul, begitu seterusnya. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan pendekatan “serentak” atau pendekatan “simultan” atau pendekatan “integral holistik/terintegrasi” untuk mengatasi persoalan kota yang semakin kompleks, menuju kota masa depan yang diimpikan oleh penduduknya, yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan konsep smart society atau kota “cerdas” atau kota “impian masa depan”. Konsep Smart Society adalah sebuah pendekatan cerdas dalam membangun kota impian yang bersifat “integralistik atau terintegrasi” untuk mengatasi permasalahan kota yang bertambah kompleks seiring dengan jumlah penduduknya yang makin banyak, yang berbanding lurus dengan kebutuhan-kebutuhannya, ekonomi maupun non ekonomi. Diharapkan dari penelitian ini dapat memberi pengaruh positif dengan adanya teknologi baru dan pembangunan baru bagi masyarakat, dapat mempermuda pelayanan pemerintah terhadap masyarakat.
KONTRIBUSI DHARMA PITALOKA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS BUMDES DI DESA CURAH COTTOK KECAMATAN KAPONGAN)
Authors: Kusumasari Indah Respati 
Published: June 2020

Pemerintah menerapkan pendekatan baru yang diharapkan mampu menstimulus dan menggerakkan roda perekonomian di pedesaan adalah melalui pendirian kelembagaan ekonomi yang dikelola sepenuhnya oleh masyarakat desa yaitu Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) sebagai salah satu program andalan dalam meningkatkan kemandirian perekonomian desa. BUMDes di Desa Curah Cotok yang disirikan dengan tujuan sebagai penopang atau penguat ekonomi desa adalah BUMDes yang bergerak di bidang wisata perkebunan dan rent car sebagai penguatan ekonomi Desa Curah Cotok. Tipe penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara sistematis, faktual dan akurat mengenai fenomena sosial tertentu, yang bermaksud mendeskripsikan secara terperinci tentang fakta-fakta dan data yang ada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang bersifat atau memiliki karakteristik, bahwa datanya dinyatakan dalam keadaan sewajarnya atau sebagaimana adanya (natural setting), dengan tidak dirubah dalam bentuk simbol-simbol atau bilangan. Badan Usaha Milik Desa Dharma Pitaloka sudah maksimal dalam menjalankan unit-unit usahanya. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena sumber daya manusia yang sudah mengerti dalam mengolah unit-unit tersebut.
Biology and feeding potential Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae) on green apple aphid Aphis pomi De Geer (order Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Hills of Shimla, (H.P.), India
Authors: Kumari Meena 
Published: June 2020

In the present study three species of syrphid predators were found feeding on green apple aphid on the apple nursery plants. These species are Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann), Episyrphus balteatus De Geer, and Metasyrphus confrater (Wiedemann). These syrphid species belonging to Family Syrphidae of order Diptera. Observations were made on Episyrphus balteatus De Geer a syrphid predator of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer in Shimla Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India. The larval stages of Episyrphus balteatus De Geer, was found to predate upon the green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer which is a serious pest of apple nursery plants in Himachal Pradesh which is the main apple growing state of India. Feeding potential of larval stages of Episyrphus balteatus De Geer was recorded during summer and autumn season. Present studies show that the larvae of this species can effectively control the populations of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer in the apple orchards and nurseries.
Effect of nutrient management on yield attributes and yield of milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
Authors: Gupta Monika 
Published: June 2020

The objective of this experiment is to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer dosses on the yield attributed and seed yield of silybum during rabi season 2018-19 towards development of new agrotechnology. For this purpose, different fertilizer dosses were evaluated and their responses were ascertained with respect to yield attributes and economic yield of silybum. The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of four treatments of different nitrogen doses viz., T1 (control), T2 (NPK @ 80:80:60/ha), T3 (NPK @ 100:80:60/ha) and T4 (NPK @ 120:80:60/ha kg NPK ha-1) with the spacing 50*50cm row to row & plant to plant respectively with three replicates. The result showed significant influence of higher nitrogen doses T4 (NPK @ 120:80:60/ha kg NPK ha-1) produced higher economic seed yield (9.35 q/ha-1 ­­) followed by T3 (NPK @ 100:80:60/ha) NPK produced (8.50 q/ha-1 ­) and T2 (NPK @ 80:80:60/ha) produced (6.60 q/ha­­­) seed yield, and lowest seed yield (2.55 q/ha) were recorded in T1(control) without fertilizer. The observation recorded revealed highest economic yield attribute like; plant height (288.00 cm), canopy ( 102.1 * 99.2 cm), number of leaf (10) and highest seed yield (9.35 q/ha) were recorded in T4 application of NPK @ 120:80:60/ha kg NPK ha-1 as compared to other treatments. Therefore, recommended application of NPK @ 120:80:60/ha kg NPK ha-1 is recommended for quality cultivation of silybum to get higher economic yield and return.
Psychological, clinical and instrumental-laboratory methods for the diagnosis of the usage of psychoactive substances by somatic patients in the practice of family medicine
Authors: Tabachnikov S. I. , Pinchuk I. Ya. , Kharchenko Ye. M. , Osukhovska O. S. , Tabachnikov О. Yu. , Mazbits V. B. , Chepurna A. M. , Salden V. I. , Tovalovych T. V. , Mykhalchuk N. O. 
Published: June 2020

Background. The use of psychoactive substances among the population of different countries of the world, in particular in Ukraine, is one of the most significant medical and social problems of our time. The situation is even more threatening due to not only the mental and behavioral consequences of the use of surfactants, but also somatic. These comorbid disorders are severe and sometimes complete with mortality, especially in adolescence, young or adult age. In the view of modern medical reform in Ukraine, family doctors have a wide range of professional functions at the primary level of medical care, which determines the provision of qualification assistance to the contingent under review in full. Until recently, there are no scientific and practical standards on this important topic in the country.
Objective – determination of criteria for psychological, clinical and instrumental and laboratory methods for diagnosing the use of surfactants in somatic patients in family medicine practice.
Materials and methods. With the help of clinical-anamnestic, psychodiagnostic, clinical-psychopathological and instrumental-laboratory methods, 220 somatic patients (men – 54%, women – 46%) who use psychoactive substances visited by a family doctor were examined. The study was conducted on the basis of the Center of Primary Health Care in Kiev, during 2017-2018.
Results. On the grounds of the presented diagnostics, in particular, the developed 4-step specific and quantitative use of various psychoactive substances, the ratio of the nature of psychoactive substances and their somatic consequences was found by medical evidence for the most common pathogenicity profiles: cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory. Age, gender and follow-up indicators are presented.
Conclusion. Clinical-anamnestic, socio-demographic, psychodiagnostic, clinical-psychopathological, instrumental and laboratory criteria for the characteristics of patients with comorbid pathology (use of surfactants with somatic consequences) were determined. Diagnostic psychocorrectional and preventive measures of this category of patients in the practice of family medicine are indicated.
PENANGGULANGAN POTENSI RADIKALISME MELALUI PENILAIAN BUKU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA PADA SEKOLAH DAN MADRASAH
Authors: Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy , Fauzan Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

This research aims to find out: (1) the urgency of religious literature on religious understanding’s development; (2) potential radicalism presented in religious education books both in schools and madaris (3) countermeasure of potential radicalism through evaluating religious education books assessed by the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA). The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with interviews, observation, and documentation studies as the data-gathering tool. In data analysis, researcher uses interactive model involving data reduction, data serving, data display, and conclusion drawing/verifiying. The research findings yield the evaluation policy in the books emerges various cases of religious textbooks, while the various researches and developments findings relate to educational textbooks. Other findings responsed to the law implementation number 3 year 2017 about book matters’ system, Government Regulation number 75 year 2019 on Law Enforcement Regulation, and Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation number 9 year 2018 about religious books evaluation. Quick, precise, and accurate innovation on the evaluation is highly recommended, and technology as well as application is way to solve the problems. Hence, the regulation about religious education book should be immediately issued. It is also required (special) institutions whose duties and functions are specific to writing, evaluation, and publication in terms of religious educational books (at least equivalent to the first echelon). MORA is expected to charge the issuer openly and transparently as a form of public service with measurable SOP and targets, so that all community guidances of religions could create their respective guidelines on writing and publication.Keywords: radicalism; evaluation; religious education book; MORA
The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT
Authors: Wang Yanan , Ji Long , Zhang S. N. , Méndez Mariano , Qu J. L. , Maggi Pierre , Ge M. Y. , Qiao Erlin , Tao L. , Zhang S. , Altamirano Diego , Zhang L. , Ma X. , Lu F. J. , Li T. P. , Huang Y. , Zheng S. J. , Chen Y. P. , Chang Z. , Tuo Y. L. , Güngör C. , Song L. M. , Xu Y. P. , Cao X. L. , Chen Y. , Liu C. Z. , Bu Q. C. , Cai C. , Chen G. , Chen L. , Chen T. X. , Chen Y. B. , Cui W. , Cui W. W. , Deng J. K. , Dong Y. W. , Du Y. Y. , Fu M. X. , Gao G. H. , Gao H. , Gao M. , Gu Y. D. , Guan J. , Guo C. C. , Han D. W. , Huo J. , Jia S. M. , Jiang L. H. , Jiang W. C. , Jin J. , Jin Y. J. , Kong L. D. , Li B. , Li C. K. , Li G. , Li M. S. , Li W. , Li X. , Li X. B. , Li X. F. , Li Y. G. , Li Z. W. , Liang X. H. , Liao J. Y. , Liu G. Q. , Liu H. W. , Liu X. J. , Liu Y. N. , Lu B. , Lu X. F. , Luo Q. , Luo T. , Meng B. , Nang Y. , Nie J. Y. , Ou G. , Sai N. , Shang R. C. , Song X. Y. , Sun L. , Tan Y. , Wang G. F. , Wang J. , Wang W. S. , Wang Y. D. , Wang Y. S. , Wen X. Y. , Wu B. B. , Wu B. Y. , Wu M. , Xiao G. C. , Xiao S. , Xiong S. L. , Yang J. W. , Yang S. , Yang Y. J. , Yang Y. J. , Yi Q. B. , Yin Q. Q. , You Y. , Zhang A. M. , Zhang C. M. , Zhang F. , Zhang H. M. , Zhang J. , Zhang T. , Zhang W. C. , Zhang W. , Zhang W. Z. , Zhang Y. , Zhang Y. F. , Zhang Y. J. , Zhang Y. , Zhang Z. , Zhang Z. , Zhang Z. L. , Zhao H. S. , Zhao X. F. , Zhou D. K. , Zhou J. F. , Zhuang R. L. , Zhu Y. X. , Zhu Y. , Wang Lingjun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We study the evolution of the temporal properties of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst in its hard state from MJD 58,190 to 58,289 with Insight-HXMT in a broad energy band 1–150 keV. We find different behaviors of the hardness ratio, the fractional rms and time lag before and after MJD 58,257, suggesting a transition occurred around this point. The observed time lags between the soft photons in the 1–5 keV band and the hard photons in higher energy bands, up to 150 keV, are frequency-dependent: the time lags in the low-frequency range, 2–10 mHz, are both soft and hard lags with a timescale of dozens of seconds but without a clear trend along the outburst; the time lags in the high-frequency range, 1–10 Hz, are only hard lags with a timescale of tens of milliseconds; they first increase until around MJD 58,257 and decrease after this date. The high-frequency time lags are significantly correlated to the photon index derived from the fit to the quasi-simultaneous NICER spectrum in the 1–10 keV band. This result is qualitatively consistent with a model in which the high-frequency time lags are produced by Comptonization in a jet.
Coproduction of Light and Heavy r-process Elements via Fission Deposition
Authors: Vassh Nicole , Mumpower Matthew R. , McLaughlin Gail C. , Sprouse Trevor M. , Surman Rebecca 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We apply for the first time fission yields determined across the chart of nuclides from the macroscopic-microscopic theory of the Finite Range Liquid Drop Model to simulations of rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis. With the fission rates and yields derived within the same theoretical framework utilized for other relevant nuclear data, our results represent an important step toward self-consistent applications of macroscopic-microscopic models in r-process calculations. The yields from this model are wide for nuclei with extreme neutron excess. We show that these wide distributions of neutron-rich nuclei, and particularly the asymmetric yields for key species that fission at late times in the r process, can contribute significantly to the abundances of the lighter heavy elements, specifically the light precious metals palladium and silver. Since these asymmetric yields correspondingly also deposit into the lanthanide region, we consider the possible evidence for coproduction by comparing our nucleosynthesis results directly with the trends in the elemental ratios of metal-poor stars rich in r-process material. We show that for r-process enhanced stars palladium over europium and silver over europium display mostly flat trends suggestive of coproduction and compare to the lanthanum over europium trend which is often used to justify robustness arguments in the lanthanide region. We find that such robustness arguments may be extendable down to palladium and heavier and demonstrate that fission deposition is a mechanism by which such a universality or robustness can be achieved.
Tracking the Evolutionary Stage of Protostars through the Abundances of Astrophysical Ices
Authors: Rocha W. R. M. , Pilling S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The physical evolution of young stellar objects (YSOs) is accompanied by an enrichment of the molecular complexity, mainly triggered by the heating and energetic processing of astrophysical ices. In this paper, a study of how the ice column density varies across the protostellar evolution has been performed. Tabulated data of H2O, CO2, CH3OH, and HCOOH observed by ground- and space-based telescopes toward 27 early-stage YSOs were taken from the literature. The observational data show that ice column density and spectral index (α), used to classify the evolutionary stage, are well correlated. A 2D continuum radiative transfer simulation containing bare and ice-covered grains at different levels of cosmic-ray processing were used to calculate the spectral energy distributions in different angle inclinations between face-on and edge-on configurations. The H2O:CO2 ice mixture was used to address the H2O and CO2 column density variation, whereas CH3OH and HCOOH are by-products of the virgin ice after energetic processing. The simulated spectra were used to calculate the ice column densities of YSOs in an evolutionary sequence. As a result, the models show that the ice column density variation of HCOOH with α can be justified by envelope dissipation and energetic processing of ice. On the other hand, the ice column densities are mostly overestimated in the cases of H2O, CO2 and CH3OH, even though the physical and cosmic-ray processing effects are taken into account.
Supernova Siblings: Assessing the Consistency of Properties of Type Ia Supernovae that Share the Same Parent Galaxies
Authors: Scolnic D. , Smith M. , Massiah A. , Wiseman P. , Brout D. , Kessler R. , Davis T. M. , Foley R. J. , Galbany L. , Hinton S. R. , Hounsell R. , Kelsey L. , Lidman C. , Macaulay E. , Morgan R. , Nichol R. C. , Möller A. , Popovic B. , Sako M. , Sullivan M. , Thomas B. P. , Tucker B. E. , Abbott T. M. C. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Annis J. , Avila S. , Bechtol K. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Carollo D. , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Costanzi M. , da Costa L. N. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Eckert K. , Eifler T. F. , Everett S. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Glazebrook K. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lewis G. F. , Li T. S. , Lima M. , Maia M. A. G. , Marshall J. L. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Palmese A. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Plazas A. A. , Pursiainen M. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Sommer N. E. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , Varga T. N. , Walker A. R. , Wilkinson R. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: June 2020

Abstract
While many studies have shown a correlation between properties of the light curves of SNe Ia and properties of their host galaxies, it remains unclear what is driving these correlations. We introduce a new direct method to study these correlations by analyzing “parent” galaxies that host multiple SNe Ia “siblings.” Here, we search the Dark Energy Survey SN sample, one of the largest samples of discovered SNe, and find eight galaxies that hosted two likely SNe Ia. Comparing the light-curve properties of these SNe and recovered distances from the light curves, we find no better agreement between properties of SNe in the same galaxy as any random pair of galaxies, with the exception of the SN light-curve stretch. We show at 2.8σ significance that at least one-half of the intrinsic scatter of SNe Ia distance modulus residuals is not from common host properties. We also discuss the robustness with which we could make this evaluation with LSST, which will find 100× more pairs of galaxies, and pave a new line of study on the consistency of SNe Ia in the same parent galaxies. Finally, we argue that it is unlikely that some of these SNe are actually single, lensed SN with multiple images.