bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgically Facilitated Orthodontic Therapy (SFOT): Diagnosis and Indications in Interdisciplinary Dentofacial Therapy Involving Tooth Movement
Authors: Mandelaris George A. , Huang Iwei , Relle Robert , Vence Brian S. , DeGroot Bradley S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFocused Clinical QuestionWhat are the key considerations for the interdisciplinary dentofacial therapy (IDT) team in the diagnostic process to evaluate a patient for surgically facilitated orthodontic therapy (SFOT)?SummarySFOT creates a demineralized bone matrix and augments dentoalveolar deficiencies in the management of dentofacial disharmony malocclusion. Numerous indications and contraindications exist which are essential to the periodontal surgeon for proper case selection. A collaboratively focused workup by an IDT team is equally essential. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and orthodontic simulation software which identifies changes in the dentoalveolar complex influenced by tooth movement are critical in providing transparency to the patient and IDT team during the treatment planning process. Such transparency can aid the team in assessing goals and outcomes that consider and respect foundational dentoalveolar parameters while contributing to sustainable outcomes.ConclusionsThe SFOT IDT decision making process is complex, yet full of opportunities. Embracing SFOT IDT with innovative and novel 3D technology can optimize conditions leading to long‐term outcomes that align with periodontal stability as well as patient goals and preferences which permeate beyond the achievement of “straightening teeth”. Transparency of complex IDT through 3D CBCT and orthodontic simulation software engenders “collaborative accountability” and can improve patient communication which is critical to developing meaningful and essential treatment plans.
Connecting Workplace Learning and Academic Credentials via Digital Badges
Authors: Leaser David , Jona Kemi , Gallagher Sean 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis chapter explores the evolution of technology industry credentials in a rapidly changing digital skills landscape. The authors explore two interrelated case studies: the benefits of IBM's development of its own educational programs into digital badges, and the partnership between IBM and Northeastern University that articulates these industry credentials for academic degree credit.
The Development of Vanadyl Phosphate Cathode Materials for Energy Storage Systems: A Review
Authors: Shi Hua‐Yu , Jia Zhongqiu , Wu Wanlong , Zhang Xiang , Liu Xiao‐Xia , Sun Xiaoqi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVarious cathode materials have been proposed for high‐performance rechargeable batteries. Vanadyl phosphate is an important member of the polyanion cathode family. VOPO4 has seven known crystal polymorphs with tunneled or layered frameworks, which allow facile cation (de)intercalations. Two‐electron transfer per formula unit can be realized by using VV/VIV and VIV/VIII redox couples. The electrochemical performance is closely related to the structures of VOPO4 and the types of inserted cations. This Review outlines the crystal structures of VOPO4 polymorphs and their lithiated phases. The research progress of vanadyl phosphate cathode materials for different energy storage systems, including lithium‐ion batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, potassium‐ion batteries, multivalent batteries, and supercapacitors, as well as the related mechanism investigations are summarized. It is hoped that this Review will help with future directions of using vanadyl phosphate materials for energy storage.
Protein‐Mediated Suppression of Rolling Circle Amplification for Biosensing with an Aptamer‐Containing DNA Primer
Authors: Bialy Roger M. , Ali Monsur M. , Li Yingfu , Brennan John D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe report a method to detect proteins via suppression of rolling circle amplification (RCA) by using an appropriate aptamer as the linear primer (denoted as an aptaprimer) to initiate RCA. In the absence of a protein target, the aptaprimer is free to initiate RCA, which can produce long DNA products that are detected via binding of a fluorescent intercalating dye. Introduction of a target causes the primer region within the aptamer to become unavailable for binding to the circular template, inhibiting RCA. Using SYBR Gold or QuantiFluor dyes as fluorescent probes to bind to the RCA reaction product, it is possible to produce a generic protein‐modulated RCA assay system that does not require fluorophore‐ or biotin‐modified DNA species, substantially reducing complexity and cost of reagents. Based on this modulation of RCA, we demonstrate the ability to produce both solution and paper‐based assays for rapid and quantitative detection of proteins including platelet derived growth factor and thrombin.
Kristallisationsschemata in der Zuckerindustrie
Authors: Frenzel Stefan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMithilfe des Kristallisationsschemas einer Zuckerfabrik kann die technologische Arbeit so gesteuert werden, dass bei möglichst geringem Energieeinsatz ein Weißzucker möglichst hoher Qualität erzielt und die anfallende Melasse maximal erschöpft wird. Die in den einzelnen Kristallisationsstufen erreichbaren Ausbeuten beeinflussen die Gestaltung der Kristallisationsschemata entscheidend. Weitere Einflussfaktoren sind die Rohstoffqualität und die Produktanforderungen, aber auch die verfügbare apparative Ausrüstung und das gewählte Kristallisationsverfahren. Anhand ausgewählter Beispiele werden die Spielräume aber auch praktischen Limitierungen erläutert, die sich in diesem Spannungsfeld aus Qualitätsanforderungen, Ausbeute, Produktivität und Energiebedarf für eine Zuckerfabrik ergeben.
Self‐endorsed cognitive problems versus objectively assessed cognitive impairment in blood or bone marrow transplantation recipients: A longitudinal study
Authors: Murdaugh Donna L. , Bosworth Alysia , Patel Sunita K. , Sharafeldin Noha , Chen Yanjun , Francisco Liton , Forman Stephen J. , Wong F. Lennie , Bhatia Smita 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundCognitive impairment in survivors of blood or bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is well documented. However, to the authors' knowledge, the clinical relevance of self‐endorsed cognitive problems and their relation to objectively assessed cognitive impairment is not known.MethodsThe authors assessed cognitive impairment in 378 BMT recipients (median age, 52.2 years, 40% of whom were female and 68% of whom were non‐Hispanic white) and 98 healthy controls at 5 predetermined time points: at baseline (before BMT) and at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years after BMT. Self‐endorsed cognitive problems were evaluated using the Neuropsychological Impairment Scale (NIS) and correlated with a standardized 2‐hour battery of objective cognitive testing at each time point. The authors examined the magnitude of difference in self‐endorsed cognitive problems between BMT recipients and healthy controls, and the rate of change in scores over time. Multivariable analyses were used to identify clinical and/or demographic variables associated with self‐endorsed cognitive problems. The authors also examined the association between cognitive impairment and returning to work after BMT.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, BMT recipients endorsed more cognitive problems (P < .001) at all time points, and the rate of change in NIS scores was found to be significantly greater in BMT recipients. Fatigue was associated with greater endorsement of cognitive problems at 1 year after BMT (odds ratio, 4.23; 95% CI, 2.1‐8.3 [P < .001]). Overall, there was a statistically significant, modest correlation noted between self‐endorsed cognitive problems and objective cognitive impairment (range, 0.401‐0.445 [P ≤ .01]). Higher self‐endorsed cognitive problems were associated with a 3.7‐fold (P = .02) higher odds of not returning to work at 3 years after BMT.ConclusionsThe results of the current study demonstrated that self‐endorsed cognitive problems can help to identify vulnerable patient subpopulations for detailed cognitive assessment and possible cognitive remediation.
Evaluation of toxicities related to novel therapy in clinical trials for women with gynecologic cancer
Authors: Lee Yeh Chen , Wang Lisa , Kohn Elise C. , Rubinstein Lawrence , Ivy S. Percy , Harris Pamela J. , Lheureux Stephanie 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundWomen with gynecologic cancer may be at increased risk for adverse events (AEs) due to peritoneal disease burden and prior treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, and pelvic radiotherapy). This study compared the toxicity profiles of patients with and without gynecologic cancer enrolled in phase 1 trials.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Institute phase 1 database for all trials enrolling 1 or more patients with gynecologic cancer over 2 decades (1995‐2015). Clinical parameters collected included demographics, cancer history, trial information, AEs, and responses. AEs (according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) were documented for each patient during treatment, and they were counted once and analyzed on the basis of the highest grade and drug attribution. Multiple regression models were used to compare AEs at the baseline and during treatment.ResultsA total of 4269 patients enrolled in 150 trials were divided into 3 groups: 1) women with gynecologic cancer (n = 685), 2) women with nongynecologic cancer (n = 1698), and 3) men with cancer (n = 1886). The median age was 58 years. The mean number of total AEs reported during treatment was highest for women with gynecologic cancer (17.1 vs 14.7 vs 13.5; P < .001), even though they were similar at the baseline (7.0 vs 7.4 vs 7.0; P = .09). The mean number of drug‐related AEs was also highest for women with gynecologic cancer (8.3 vs 6.9 vs 6.2; P < .001). Grade 3 to 5 AEs were similar (2.3 vs 2.3 vs 2.1); however, grade 2 AEs were more frequent in women with gynecologic cancer (4.6 vs 3.9 vs 3.5). Treatment discontinuations due to AEs were similar (9% vs 9% vs 10%).ConclusionsWomen with gynecologic cancer experienced more frequent low‐grade AEs during treatment, and this warrants attention to support their symptom burden. Study dose management should be considered for recurrent grade 2 AEs, particularly during continuous therapy.
Mothulity Facilitates 16S/ITS Amplicon Diversity Analysis
Authors: Izak D. , Gromadka A. , Kaczanowski S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present Mothulity—a novel interface for Mothur, a well‐established tool for 16S/ITS biodiversity analysis. Although Mothur is a well‐documented and virtually complete software suite, its proper execution might be challenging for first‐time users, and editing the Mothur batch scripts is time consuming even for experienced users. Mothur produces little to no graphical output, leaving the generation of plots to the user. Mothulity minimizes the chance of human error through a minimalistic yet powerful interface, with most of the analysis parameters predefined or adjusted automatically. Time spent on running the analysis is drastically reduced, since Mothulity produces an HTML report with publication‐quality figures. Finally, Mothulity can be conveniently used with the SLURM workload manager, and is thereby suitable for a range of computing facilities. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Standard operational procedure (SOP)Basic Protocol 2: Generating report on pre‐processed data
Fused Tetrathiafulvalene and Benzoquinone Triads: Organic Positive‐Electrode Materials Based on a Dual Redox System
Authors: Misaki Yohji , Noda Shigenobu , Kato Minami , Yamauchi Tomokazu , Oshima Toko , Yoshimura Aya , Shirahata Takashi , Yao Masaru 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFused donor–acceptor triads composed of two tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) and benzoquinone (BQ; 1) or naphthoquinone (NQ; 2) were successfully synthesized. X‐ray structure analysis of the bis(n‐butylthio) derivative revealed that the molecules are stacked in a head‐to‐tail manner. The bis(n‐hexylthio)‐1 exhibited six‐pairs of one‐electron transfer waves in the cyclic voltammogram, corresponding to the formation of both reduction and oxidation states from −2 to +4. The unsubstituted and bis(methylthio) derivatives of 1 and 2 were active materials in positive electrodes for rechargeable batteries, several of which displayed energy densities exceeding 800 mWh g−1. The bis(methylthio)‐2 also functions as a positive electrode material for a rechargeable sodium‐ion battery.
Lignin–Inorganic Interfaces: Chemistry and Applications from Adsorbents to Catalysts and Energy Storage Materials
Authors: Budnyak Tetyana M. , Slabon Adam , Sipponen Mika H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLignin is one the most fascinating natural polymers due to its complex aromatic‐aliphatic structure. Phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups along with other functional groups provide technical lignins with reactivity and amphiphilic character. Many different lignins have been used as functional agents to facilitate the synthesis and stabilization of inorganic materials. Herein, the use of lignin in the synthesis and chemistry of inorganic materials in selected applications with relevance to sustainable energy and environmental fields is reviewed. In essence, the combination of lignin and inorganic materials creates an interface between soft and hard materials. In many cases it is either this interface or the external lignin surface that provides functionality to the hybrid and composite materials. This Minireview closes with an overview on future directions for this research field that bridges inorganic and lignin materials for a more sustainable future.
Protected areas buffer against harvest selection and rebuild phenotypic complexity
Authors: Fernández‐Chacón Albert , Villegas‐Ríos David , Moland Even , Baskett Marissa L. , Olsen Esben M. , Carlson Stephanie M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHarvest mortality typically truncates the harvested species' size structure, thereby reducing phenotypic complexity, which can lead to reduced population productivity, increased population variability, and selection on an array of life history traits that can further alter these demographic processes. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a potential tool to protect older, larger individuals and therefore mitigate such ecological and evolutionary effects of harvest, depending on the degree of connectivity among areas. Such MPA protection relies on a shift in size‐dependent mortality, the measurement of which can therefore serve as an early indicator of whether MPAs might achieve the desired longer‐term ecological and evolutionary responses. We directly measured MPA effects on size‐selective mortality and associated size structure using mark–recapture data on European lobster (Homarus gammarus) collected at three MPA–control area pairs in southern Norway during one decade (n = 5,943). Mark–recapture modeling, accounting for variation in recapture probabilities, revealed (1) that annual mean survival was higher inside MPAs (0.592) vs. control areas (0.298) and (2) that significant negative relationships between survival and body size occurred at the control areas but not in the MPAs, where the effect of body size was predominantly positive. Additionally, we found (3) that mean and maximum body size increased over time inside MPAs but not in control areas. Overall, our results suggest that MPAs can rebuild phenotypic complexity (i.e., size structure) and provide protection from harvest selection.
Long‐term photo‐id and satellite tracking reveal sex‐biased survival linked to movements in an endangered species
Authors: Schofield Gail , Klaassen Marcel , Papafitsoros Kostas , Lilley Martin K. S. , Katselidis Kostas A. , Hays Graeme C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSex‐biased survival linked to anthropogenic threats places populations at risk. We show the utility of long‐term multidecadal photo‐identification (photo‐id) combined with long‐term high‐resolution (Fastloc‐GPS) satellite telemetry to investigate the links between mortality rates and patterns of movement for a wide‐ranging, endangered marine vertebrate. Using a photo‐identification database of 947 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) compiled over 18 yr, we estimated greater annual survival rates of females (0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–0.90) compared to males (0.73; 95% CI 0.67–0.78). For males satellite‐tracked across multiple breeding seasons, 100% (26 of 26) returned to the same breeding site, suggesting the calculated lower male survival rate was likely not due to emigration to breed elsewhere. 10,111 and 2,524 tracking days for males (n = 39 individuals) and females (n = 18 individuals), respectively, revealed different habitat‐use patterns outside the breeding season: males tended to occupy foraging sites closer to shore and closer to breeding sites but, due to their generally annual breeding, compared to biennial breeding for females, males migrated further per year on average. These differences in movement patterns likely contribute to higher mortality in males through increased interaction with anthropogenic threats. Long‐term identification coupled with tracking offers great promise for estimating the survival rates of other wide‐ranging species.
YY1 control of mitochondrial‐related genes does not account for regulation of immunoglobulin class switch recombination in mice
Authors: Nandi Satabdi , Liang Guanxiang , Sindhava Vishal , Angireddy Rajesh , Basu Arindam , Banerjee Sarmistha , Hodawadekar Suchita , Zhang Yue , Avadhani Narayan G. , Sen Ranjan , Atchison Michael L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractImmunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR) occurs in activated B cells with increased mitochondrial mass and membrane potential. Transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is critical for CSR and for formation of the DNA loops involved in this process. We therefore sought to determine if YY1 knockout impacts mitochondrial gene expression and mitochondrial function in murine splenic B cells, providing a potential mechanism for regulating CSR. We identified numerous genes in splenic B cells differentially regulated when cells are induced to undergo CSR. YY1 conditional knockout caused differential expression of 1129 genes, with 59 being mitochondrial‐related genes. ChIP‐seq analyses showed YY1 was directly bound to nearly half of these mitochondrial‐related genes. Surprisingly, at the time when YY1 knockout dramatically reduces DNA loop formation and CSR, mitochondrial mass and membrane potential were not significantly impacted, nor was there a significant change in mitochondrial oxygen consumption, extracellular acidification rate, or mitochondrial complex I or IV activities. Our results indicate that YY1 regulates numerous mitochondrial‐related genes in splenic B cells, but this does not account for the impact of YY1 on CSR or long‐distance DNA loop formation.
Effect of pore structure on oil‐bearing property in the third member of Paleogene Funing Formation in Subei Basin, East China
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Xie Yuqiang , Shu Honglin , Fan Xuechun , Wang Gaocheng , Luo Yufeng , Ma Xiaoqiang , Qin Ziqiang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) tests, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), (fluorescence) thin section, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were used to describe the size and distribution of entire pore‐throat structures in the sandstones of the E1f3 (the third member of Paleogene Funing Formation) in the Subei Basin. The lithologies of E1f3 in the Subei Basin are mainly dark‐gray, very fine‐grained sandstones and siltstones, interbedded with dark mudstones. The pore systems predominantly feature secondary intergranular and intragranular dissolution pores, micropores coexisting with minor amounts of intergranular pores, and microfractures. The high threshold pressure and bulk volume of irreducible fluids values and the significant variation in the NMR and MICP parameters indicate that the E1f3 reservoirs are characterized by complex and heterogeneous microscopic pore structures. Microscopic pore‐throat parameters are linked with macroscopic properties through the reservoir quality index (RQI). The NMR T2 (transverse time relaxation) spectrum is unimodal or bimodal but with weak right peaks, indicating the rarity of large intergranular pores. However, large‐scale pore throats, though only account for a minor part of the total pore volume, significantly contribute to the total permeability. The abundance of small‐scale pore‐throat systems (short T2 components) results in high irreducible water content. Therefore, the oil saturation in E1f3 sandstones is low, and the pore structure, especially the number of micropores, determines the oil‐bearing property. Oil primarily occurs in the intragranular dissolution pores with minor amounts occurring in the large intergranular pores. Most of the micropores are bound by capillary water. The sandstones with chlorite clay minerals tend to be oil‐wet and have high oil‐bearing potential, while the abundance of detrital clay or illite contributes to a low oil‐bearing grade. The combination of core and microscopic observations and the MICP and NMR analyses have allowed the determination of the pore structure characteristics and their coupling effects on oil‐bearing property.
Recent immigrants alter the quantitative genetic architecture of paternity in song sparrows
Authors: Reid Jane M. , Arcese Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractQuantifying additive genetic variances and cross-sex covariances in reproductive traits, and identifying processes that shape and maintain such (co)variances, is central to understanding the evolutionary dynamics of reproductive systems. Gene flow resulting from among-population dispersal could substantially alter additive genetic variances and covariances in key traits in recipient populations, thereby altering forms of sexual conflict, indirect selection, and evolutionary responses. However, the degree to which genes imported by immigrants do in fact affect quantitative genetic architectures of key reproductive traits and outcomes is rarely explicitly quantified. We applied structured quantitative genetic analyses to multiyear pedigree, pairing, and paternity data from free-living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to quantify the differences in mean breeding values for major sex-specific reproductive traits, specifically female extra-pair reproduction and male paternity loss, between recent immigrants and the previously existing population. We thereby quantify effects of natural immigration on the means, variances, and cross-sex covariance in total additive genetic values for extra-pair paternity arising within the complex socially monogamous but genetically polygynandrous reproductive system. Recent immigrants had lower mean breeding values for male paternity loss, and somewhat lower values for female extra-pair reproduction, than the local recipient population, and would therefore increase the emerging degree of reproductive fidelity of social pairings. Furthermore, immigration increased the variances in total additive genetic values for these traits, but decreased the magnitudes of the negative cross-sex genetic covariation and correlation below those evident in the existing population. Immigration thereby increased the total additive genetic variance but could decrease the magnitude of indirect selection acting on sex-specific contributions to paternity outcomes. These results demonstrate that dispersal and resulting immigration and gene flow can substantially affect quantitative genetic architectures of complex local reproductive systems, implying that comprehensive theoretical and empirical efforts to understand mating system dynamics will need to incorporate spatial population processes.