bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendation for Cranial Upper Border of Level Ⅱb in Clinical Target Volumes (CTV) for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lijun , Huang Shengfu , Zhang Lanfang , He Xia , Liu Yatian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To recommend the cranial side of level Ⅱb in clinical target volumes (CTV) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy, to help reach a consensus on contouring level Ⅱb in CTV.Methods: From 2012 to 2016, 331 non-metastatic NPC patients treated with IMRT were retrospectively enrolled. According to the AJCC 8th staging system of NPC, there were 15 patients with stage Ⅰ, 76 stage Ⅱ, 103 stage Ⅲ, and 137 stage Ⅳ. Distribution of cervical lymph nodes in NPC was assessed based on imaging results. Comparison of the safety and the parotid dose parameters between patients with or without a reduction in the range ofⅡb was taken by SPSS 25.0 and R 2.14.2 software.Results: Metastasis rates of the most common diseased lymph nodes, lateral retropharyngeal lymph node andⅡb lymph node, were 82.8% and 64.0%, respectively. Among patients with levelⅡb involvement, the upper borders of metastatic nodes in 13.7% of cases were beyond the caudal edge of C1. The D50 and V26 values for parotid glands were significantly reduced after modified the upper bound of level Ⅱb in CTV (P = 0. 000).Conclusions: The upper bound of level IIb，in principle，should reach the lateral skull base during the delineation of the cervical CTV for NPC. To protect the parotid glands, however, individualized reduction in the upper bound of level IIb is recommended for patients who meet the formulated standard.
Adolescent BMI and Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Among Ethiopian Immigrants and Their Descendants: A Nationwide Study.
Authors: Simchoni Maya , Hamiel Uri , Pinhas-Hamiel Orit , Zucker Inbar , Cukierman-Yaffe Tali , Lutski Miri , Derazne Estela , Beer Zivan , Behar Doron , Keinan-Boker Lital , Mosenzon Ofri , Tzur Dorit , Afek Arnon , Tirosh Amir , Raz Itamar , Twig Gilad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: We assessed in a nationwide cohort the association between adolescent BMI and early-onset (<40 years) type 2 diabetes among Israelis of Ethiopian origin.Methods: Normoglycemic adolescents (range 16-20 years old), including 93,806 native Israelis (≥3rd generation in Israel) and 27,684 Israelis of Ethiopian origin, were medically assessed for military service between 1996 and 2011. Weight and height were measured. Data were linked to the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Incident type 2 diabetes by December 31, 2016 was the outcome. Cox regression models stratified by sex and BMI categories were applied. Results: 226 (0.29%) men and 79 (0.18%) women developed diabetes during 992,980 and 530,814 person-years follow-up, respectively, at a mean age of 30.4 and 27.4 years, respectively. Among native Israeli men with normal and high (overweight and obese) BMI, diabetes incidence was 9.5 and 62.0 (per 105 person-years), respectively. The respective incidences were 46.9 and 112.3 among men of Ethiopian origin. After adjustment for sociodemographic confounders, the hazard ratios for type 2 diabetes among Ethiopian men with normal and high BMI were 3.4 (2.3-5.1) and 15.8 (8.3-30.3) respectively, compared to third-generation Israelis with normal BMI. When this analysis was limited to Israeli-born Ethiopian men, the hazard ratios were 4.4 (1.7-11.4) and 29.1 (12.9-70.6), respectively. Results persisted when immigrants of other white Caucasian origin were the reference; and among women with normal, but not high, BMI.Conclusions: Ethiopian origin is a risk factor for early-onset type 2 diabetes among young men at any BMI, and may require selective interventions.
Interplay between Male Testosterone Levels and the Risk for Subsequent Invasive Respiratory Assistance among COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission
Authors: Salciccia Stefano , Gentile Vincenzo , Mastroianni Claudio M. , Pasculli Patrizia , Lascio Giovanni Di , Ciardi Maria Rosa , Sperduti Isabella , Maggi Martina , De Berardinis Ettore , Giudice Francesco Del , Eisenberg Michael L. , Sciarra Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: to evaluate the prognostic value of male serum total testosterone (TT) levels among COVID-19 patients requiring an invasive respiratory assistance at hospital admission.Methods: 29 men with full haemato-chemical blood sample panel at hospital admission for COVID-19 related respiratory syndrome were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariable logistic regression model was implemented to test the predictive role of TT levels and subsequent risk for invasive oxygenation after adjusting for age, comorbidities and life-style related confounders. Results: higher serum TT levels (ng/mL) were found independently associated with a lower odd of invasive oxygenation (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.23-0.85; p=0.016). Significant negative correlation was found between TT and C-reactive protein, pH, Interleukine-6 and D-Dimer while positive correlation was established among TT levels and Monocytes (x109/L).Conclusion: low testosterone levels may play a relevant role in the natural history of COVID-19 respiratory syndrome by making a patient with comorbidities and higher baseline levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines more susceptible to a potentially fatal clinical course at the moment of infection progression.
Short-term effects of ambient temperature and relative humidity on the risk of COVID-19 and SARS in Guangzhou, China: A time-series analysis
Authors: Wang Hui , Chen Chun , Lin Qiaoxuan , Li Tiegang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus infection has exerted a severe disease burden on the world, especially the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 that has caused worldwide pandemic. It is possible meteorological factors can influence the transmission of coronavirus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of meteorological factors on COVID-19 and SARS, and to provide evidence for disease control and prevention. Data of COVID-19 and SARS cases and daily mean temperature, relative humidity and other meteorological factors in Guangzhou in 2003 and 2020 were collected. Using a distributed lag non-linear model approach, we assessed the relationship between ambient temperature, relative humidity and the risks of COVID-19 and SARS. The numbers of cases for COVID-19 and SARS during the study period were 347 and 1072, respectively. There was a dome-shaped relation between mean temperature and COVID-19, with a threshold of 14.50°C (RR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.16) and the optimal range was 12.40-16.40°C. A similar association was found between mean temperature and SARS occurrence, with a threshold of 18.40°C (RR=1.02, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.04), and the optimal range was 15.30-19.30°C. Besides, there were non-linear negative relationships between both RH and COVID-19, SARS. In addition, the largest overall effect of RH on COVID-19 and SARS were obtained at 52% and 45%, yielding relative risk of 7.47 (95%CI: 1.66, 33.55) and 47.56 (95%CI: 11.49, 196.95), respectively. The optimal ranges were below 77.00% and below 82.70%, respectively. Meteorological parameters should be taken into consideration while developing early warning systems and risk strategies for controlling and preventing coronavirus infection.
The Preventive Efficacy of Vitamin B Supplement on the Cognitive Decline of Elderly Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: li shufeng , Guo Yuchen , Men Jie , Fu Hanlin , Xu Ting 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The irreversibility of cognitive impairment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prompts that preventing or delaying the onset of AD should be a public health priority. Vitamin B supplement can lower the serum homocysteine (Hcy) level, but whether it can prevent cognitive decline or not remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of vitamin B supplement on the cognitive decline of elderly adults.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PsycINFO from inception to December 1, 2019, and then updated the retrieved results on June 1, 2020. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated the efficacy of vitamin B in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients or elderly adults without cognitive impairment were selected. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) as well as their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by performing random effects models or fixed effects models.
Results
A total of 21 RCTs involving 7571 participants were included for meta-analysis. The forest plots showed that there is significant effect in global cognitive function (15 RCTs, SMD: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.54, P < 0.01) and Hcy (11 RCTs, MD: -4.59; 95%CI: -5.51 to -3.67, P < 0.01), but there is no effect in information processing speed (10 RCTs, SMD: 0.06; 95% CI: -0.12 to 0.25, P = 0.49), episodic memory (15 RCTs, SMD: 0.10; 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.25, P = 0.16), executive function (11 RCTs, SMD: -0.21; 95% CI: -0.49 to 0.06, P = 0.13). The value of effect size and heterogeneity did not vary apparently when excluding the low-quality studies, so we could believe that the results of meta-analysis were robust.
Conclusions
Vitamin B supplement might delay or maintain the cognitive decline of elderly adults. We can recommend that the vitamin B supplement should be considered as a preventive medication to MCI patients or elderly adults without cognitive impairment. More well-designed RCTs with large sample sizes were required to clarify the preventive efficacy in the future.
Predictors for HIV testing among Chinese workers in infrastructure construction enterprises in Kenya
Authors: Zhou Wenjuan , Deng Wenyu , Luo Junfei , Bai Yin , He Zeyi , Wang Honghong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There are more and more Chinese migrants in sub-Saharan Africa currently. Most of them engaged in infrastructure construction. Their risk of infection with high-incidence diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, such as the risk of HIV infection, is not researched among them by now. This study aimed to describe recent HIV test behaviour and related factors among those Chinese workers in Kenya.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 110 male Chinese workers from six different Chinese infrastructure construction enterprises in Kenya. And a two-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select participants. We used a structured questionnaire that includes HIV testing behavior in the recent one year, demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, HIV-related knowledge and cognition, HIV-related perceptions and attitudes, utilization of HIV testing. Logistic regression was used to explore the predictors of recent HIV test behaviour among Chinese construction workers in Kenya.Result: Of the 110 participants, 30 (27.27%) were tested for HIV in the recent one year. All participants were male, and the majority were married (73.2%). The mean age was 37.49 years (SD=9.725; range: 23 to 63), and a considerable proportion refused to answer questions about transactional sexual behaviors (83.6%) in recent one year. Most were able to obtain HIV-related information (91.8%) and exposed to HIV related information in recent one year (68.2%), but only 47.6% had sufficient HIV knowledge. More than one-fifth of participants held positive attitudes toward paying for sex, and nearly one-fifth believed that selling sex was acceptable. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that participants who said they were acceptable to pay for sex (OR: 4.51; 95% CI: 1.18, 17.34) and exposed to HIV related information (OR: 3.82; 95% CI: 1.28, 11.41) in the recent one year were more likely to test for HIV in the past one year.Conclusion: Higher recent HIV test rates were associated with the open sexual attitude towards paying for sex and exposed to HIV related information in the recent one year among Chinese workers in Kenya. More specific attention about HIV should be offered to this unique population to increase the rate of HIV testing among them.
Clinical Values of two Novel Estrogen Receptor Signaling Targeted lncRNAs in Invasive ductal breast carcinoma
Authors: ilbeigi shahrzad , Farahani Mostafa Davood Abadi , Monjezi Mohammad Rafiee , Farahani Farahnaz , Daraei Abdolreza , Dastsooz Hassan , Moradi Sepide , Amirghofran Zahra , Mansoori Yaser , Tabei Seyed Mohammad Bgher 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most frequent type of breast cancer (BC) in women, with a high clinical burden due to its high invasive properties. Despite of new data regarding the molecular heterogeneity of invasive cancers is quickly emerging; far less is known about the molecular patterns among cases of IDC. An expanding body of evidence has demonstrated that dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is involved in heterogeneity feature of the BC. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of two novel lncRNAs LOC100288637 and RP11-48B3 in 51 IDC tissues in comparison with adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs). And finally, bioinformatic evaluation has been done.The qPCR results showed that LOC100288637 and RP11-48B3 were significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues compared to normal samples (P= 0.0085 and P= 0.0002, respectively). Also, the two lncRNAs were overexpressed in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 BC cell lines, nevertheless, with a higher expression pattern in MDA-MB-231 than MCF7 cell line. Furthermore, LOC100288637 had an elevated expression level in HER-2 positive tumors compared to HER-2 negative tumors (P= 0.031). Interestingly, the lncRNA RP11-48B3.4 was upregulated in IDC subjects with age at menarche <14 compared to patients with age at menarche ≥14 (P= 0.041). It was observed in another result that lncRNA RP11-48B3.4 is significantly upregulated in tumors with a lower histological grade compared to tumor samples with higher grades (P= 0.047). And finally, using bioinformatic evaluation, we found a predicted interaction between RP11-48B3.4 and mRNA Zinc Finger and BTB Domain Containing 10 (ZBTB10).Altogether, our findings suggest that these lncRNAs with potential oncogenic roles involved in pathogenesis of IDC with clinical significance, and thus, they may serve as novel markers for diagnosis and treatment of IDC.
Proficiencies of Military Medical Officers in Intubating Difficult Airways
Authors: Lim Jonathan Zhao Min , Chew Shi Hao , Chin Benjamin Zhao Bin , Siew Raymond Chern Hwee 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction This study shed light on the proficiency of military medical officers who had received between 2-3 years of post-graduate training, in the handling of the difficult airway in a trauma manikin simulator using direct and video laryngoscopes.Method133 doctors from the Singapore Armed Forces Medical Officer Cadet Course were assessed using high-fidelity simulator models with standardised difficult airways (simulator with tongue-swelling and cervical collar). They used the Macintosh direct laryngoscope (DL), King Vision channelled-blade laryngoscope (KVC), King Vision non-channelled blade laryngoscope (KVNC), and the McGrath (MG) laryngoscope on the same model in a randomised sequence. The intubation success rates and time to intubation were recorded and analysed for the study.ResultsThe medical officers had a 71.4% intubation success rate with the DL on the difficult airway trauma simulator model and the mean time to intubation of 40.1s. With the KVC, the success rate is 86.5% with mean intubation time of 40.4s. The KVNC produced 24.8% success rate, with mean time to intubation of 53.2s. The MG laryngoscope produced 85.0% success rate, with a mean time of intubation of 37.4s.ConclusionMilitary medical officers with 2-3 years of post-graduate training had a success rate of 71.4% success rate intubating a simulated difficult airway in a trauma setting using a DL. Success rates were improved with the use of KVC and the MG laryngoscope, but was worse with the KVNC.
Diminished Adherence of Biomphalaria Glabrata Embryonic Cell Line to Sporocysts of Schistosoma Mansoni Following Programmed Knockout of the Allograft Inflammatory Factor
Authors: Coelho Fernanda Sales , Rodpai Rutchanee , Miller Andre , Karinshak Shannon E , Mann Victoria H , Carvalho Omar dos Santos , Cladeira Roberta Lima , Mourao Marina de Moraes , Brindley Paul J , Ittiprasert Wannaporn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of the larval stage of Schistosoma mansoni in an intermediate host snail of the genus Biomphalaria is an obligatory component of the life cycle. Enhanced understanding of the mechanism(s) of host defense in the snail may hasten the development of tools that block transmission of schistosomiasis. The B. glabrata embryonic cell line, termed the Bge line, is a versatile resource for investigation of the snail-schistosome relationship. A key attribute of the Bge cell is the hemocyte-like phenotype, given the central role of the snail hemocyte in innate and cellular immunity. The allograft inflammatory factor 1, AIF, is evolutionarily conserved, typically is expressed in phagocytes and granular leukocytes, is a marker of macrophage activation in mammals and in invertebrates, and enhances cell proliferation and migration. AIF is highly expressed in strains of B. glabrata resistant S. mansoni infection in comparison with susceptible strains of the snail. We hypothesized that BgAIF may play a role in hemocyte proliferation, adhesion and/or migration after exposure of the snail to schistosomes. CRISPR/Cas gene knockout of the BgAIF gene in Bge cells was undertaken to investigate the hypothesis. Gene knockout manipulation induced gene-disrupting indels, frequently 1–2 bp insertions and/or 8–30 bp deletions, at the programmed target site; a range from 9 to 17% of BgAIF genes were mutated during 12 replicate experiments, and transcript levels for BgAIF were significantly reduced by up to 73% (range, 26 to 73%, mean 49.5 ± 20.2% S.D, n = 12) when monitored for up to nine days following the gene-editing manipulation. The adherence to sporocyst of BgAIF gene-edited (ΔBgAIF) Bge cells was significantly diminished in comparison to wild type cells, even though cell morphology did not differ between ΔBgAIF treatment and control groups of Bge cells. A Bge cell adherence index (CAI) to individual sporocysts was observed at 2.66 ± 0.10 for control and 2.30 ± 0.22 in ΔBgAIF cells (P < 0.05), revealing that ΔBgAIF cells were significantly less adherent than wild type Bge cells to primary sporocysts. The findings supported the hypothesis that BgAIF plays a role in the adherence of B. glabrata hemocytes to sporocysts during schistosome infection.
Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Prognostic Factors of Atopic Children Hospitalised for Adenovirus Infection: A Single Institutional Study in Shenyang, China
Authors: Li Miao , Han Xiao-Hua , Liu Li-Yun , Yao Hui-Sheng , Yi Li-Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Atopy may be associated with the severity of disease and poor prognosis after adenovirus (Adv) infection in children. Our aim was to observe the clinical characteristics and pulmonary radiological changes in atopic children with Adv pneumonia in China.Methods: Children hospitalised for Adv pneumonia from June 2018 to Dec 2019 were analysed. All children were divided into three groups: atopic with Adv, non-atopic with Adv, and atopic without Adv infection. Each group was further divided into mild or severe infection groups according to disease severity. Standard treatment was initiated after admission and regular follow-up evaluations were conducted at 1 month after discharge. Baseline and clinical characteristics, and pulmonary radiological changes of atopic and non-atopic children were collected. Risk factors associated with small airway diseases in Adv pneumonia patients were analyzed.Results: Compared with non-atopic children with Adv infection, the cases of eosinophilic granulocyte count were significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P<0.05). Among children with mild and severe infection, the number of patients with wheezing and small airway disease as observed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was significantly higher in atopic children than non-atopic children (P<0.05). Furthermore, coughing was more severe in atopic children than non-atopic children (P<0.05). A family history of asthma (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.0]), personal history of asthma (OR 2.7 [95% CI 2.1–3.1]), atopy (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–3.2]), severe infection (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.0–2.7]), and Adv infection (OR 1.4, [95% CI 0.9–2.0]) were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease, both after admission and a month after discharge. Conclusions: Atopic children with Adv infection experience more severe coughing during hospitalisation and are prone to wheezing and small airway disease on the HRCT. Family and personal history of asthma, atopy, severe infection, and Adv infection were independent factors associated with the development of small airway disease on the chest HRCT scan.
Daidzein Supplementation Enhances Embryos Survival by Improving Hormones, Antioxidant Capacity, and Metabolic Profiles of Amniotic Fluid in Sows
Authors: Xie Kunhong , Li Yan , Chen Daiwen , Yu Bing , Luo Yuheng , Mao Xiangbing , Huang Zhiqing , Yu Jie , Luo Junqiu , Zheng Ping , Yan Hui , He Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Daidzein (DAI) is a kind of natural isoflavonic phytoestrogen with estrogenic activity. However, little is known about its influence on early fetal growth in mammalian animals. In this study, we investigated the effects dietary DAI supplementation on early fetal development in sows. To explore the potential mechanisms, the metabolic profiles of amniotic ﬂuid collected at 35 days of gestation (dg) was determined by using metabolomics. Results: Results show that DAI supplementation at a dose of 200 mg/kg significantly enhanced the number of viable embryos at the early gestation stage (P < 0.05). DAI significantly elevated the concentrations of estrogen (E) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the amniotic fluid (P < 0.05). Moreover, DAI tended to increase the concentration of progesterone, but decrease the concentration of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the amniotic ﬂuid (0.05<P<0.10). Interestingly, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was higher in the DAI group than in the CON group (P < 0.05). An 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis identified a number of metabolites in the amniotic fluid, and some critical metabolites such as arginine, creatine, and citrate were found to be significantly elevated upon DAI supplementation (P < 0.05). Importantly, the metabolic pathways involved in arginine and proline metabolisms were found to be significantly affected by DAI. Conclusions: These findings suggested that dietary DAI supplementation may improve embryos survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles in the maternal amniotic ﬂuid.