bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considering Phase Transformation Heat When Modeling Thermal Process of Polyethylene Pipes Welding
Authors: Starostin N P , Ammosova O A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Mathematical modeling of heat process, considering phase transformation heat, is used to develop technology of welding polyethylene pipes with built-in heating elements at low outdoor temperatures.
Mathematically, task is to control technological parameters of welding in order to ensure flow of thermal process at low temperatures according to consistent patterns of welding at acceptable temperatures. With this control of thermal process, the need of ensuring certain sizes of supramolecular structures is eliminated, which allows us to simplify accounting for phase transformation heat. Instead of traditionally used crystallization kinetics equation, it is proposed to directly use differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) data to ensure given temperature field dynamics. Since during phase transformation heat is released and absorbed only by crystalline part of polymer material, special role is assigned to function of crystallinity degree. Formula is given for determining the effective heat capacity coefficient used in the shock-capturing method for solving heat conduction problem with phase transition in temperature range, based on temperature dependence on crystallinity degree. The calculation results for pipes with diameter of 63 mm at various ambient temperatures are shown. Significant increase in cooling rate at air temperatures below minus 15 ° C has been shown.
Optimization Problems of Open Spaces in Industrial Cities on the Example of Togliatti
Authors: Barsukova N , Fomina E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article reveals the modern problems of the industrial cities urban environment of the period of “great buildings” in the USSR on the example of Togliatti. The authors analyze the approaches and methods of their optimization that exist today. The role of open spaces in modern industrial cities is revealed. The compositional features and functional processes of Togliatti are studied. The authors propose a comprehensive system of measures to optimize the open spaces of the city. For the first time it is based on the methodology of design, which includes environmental, ecological, axiological approaches. The article emphasizes the need to organize open spaces taking into account the human being as an active component of the urban environment.
The Prospects of Application in Russia New Generation of Envelopes – Dynamic/Adaptive Facades
Authors: Spiridonov A , Shubin I , Gerashchenko R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Based on a review and analyses of new technologies and solutions of modern facade structures, a classification of a new generation of facades has been carried out. There are five main classes: “Bioclimatic” (or “green”) facades; “Energy” facades; facades - “Light concentrators”; “Scenic” (or “architectural”) facades; “Dynamic” (or “adaptive”) facades. Their distinctive features are given. The most typical examples of facades of various classes are considered. An assessment was made of the prospects for the use of a new generation facade in Russia.
Execution Phase’s Integrity Model of the Offshore Facility Project
Authors: Bezkorovayniy V , Bayazitov V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With using existing methods of change management for large projects, it is often not possible to track the full list of the results of making changes to a project, for example, an increase the total weight and overall dimensions of separate units. In the case of offshore oil and gas facilities (OF), this makes it impossible to locate the equipment in the available area and necessitates a new calculation, changing the piping, and complicate access to the equipment. As a result, the deadlines for completion of the facility are postponed and the total cost is increased, there is a need for a special order for equipment with higher prices.
This research presents a project execution model (PEM), which considers the detailed composition and sequence of project stages and works in the OF life cycle, which are formed based on analogues - previously executed projects and developed completion criteria of works and project stages. It is proposed to integrate PEM with the methodology of digital engineering data management (DEDM), which contains an information model (IM) of the facility with created interconnections of the technical parameters of equipment units or total process unit. The DEDM allows generating information on the number and scale of deviations in a technical project after making changes to it in an automated mode, which significantly increases the rationality and accuracy of decision making. The result is a tool for the operator departments and contracting companies involved in the design and construction of the OF, which makes it possible to more accurately plan project costs, timelines for its execution and minimizes costs at various stages of the facility’s life cycle.
Probabilistic Assessment of the Durability of Reinforced Concrete Piles under Chloride Aggression
Authors: Ovchinnikov I I , Snezhkina O V , Ovchinnikov I G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article presents a model of the deformation of a reinforced concrete pile, which is subjected to the joint action of the load and chloride corrosion. The model takes into account the probabilistic nature of corrosion processes, the variation of the geometric and strength characteristics of the pile, the probabilistic nature of the load. A method for calculating the strength and durability of the pile, which takes into account the stages of the process of interaction of the pile with chlorides, is given, a calculation analysis is performed. The influence of various parameters on the durability of reinforced concrete piles is analyzed. A correlation dependence of pile durability on compressive load and a durability histogram are constructed. It has been established that the lifetime of a pile with a 95% security is 16 years, with a security of 70% - 52 years, with a security of 50% - 80 years.
The Development of a New Membrane Equipment Type and Modeling its Work
Authors: Lobasenko B A , Sazonova E K , Torgulkin V V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the main advantages of the effective use of membrane technologies in industrial production. The key directions of development of membrane technology, their advantages and disadvantages are given. Various approaches are considered in the design of membrane devices. Methods of mathematical modeling are proposed. They allow analyzing various technological processes. A modeling technique based on transfer functions has been developed. This technique takes into account the influence of the most significant disturbing actions on the object under study. A transfer function in its general form has been constructed. The discrepancy between experimental and theoretical data does not exceed 10%, which indicates the adequacy and sufficient prognostic ability of the mathematical model. It makes it promising for the industrial equipment design.
Projected Multifunctional Hotel Complex Noise Level Prediction from Railway Trains Passing (JSC “Russian Railways” Connecting Branch Section) with Sound Insulation Measures Development
Authors: Tsukernikov I E , Tikhomirov L A , Nevenchannaya T O 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
One of the important stages of work in the building design is to assess the level of comfort and safety of people during the operation of the building. Prediction of the acoustic situation in the premises and in the territory allows, even at the design stage, to take measures to protect against noise. This is especially true of traffic noise. In this paper, forecasting and assessment of railway noise levels in the territory adjacent to the multifunctional hotel complex under construction and in the apartments of the complex are carried out, based both on the results of field measurements and on the results of calculations made by the methods of the interstate standards GOST 33325, GOST 31295-2 and the code of rules SP 276.1325800 using the data provided by GAU “Institute of the General Plan of Moscow”. The required sound insulation of the facades of the buildings of the complex is determined and constructions of sound protection windows are proposed.
Vibration Data Probability Analysis Inside Residential Premises Adjacent to Underground Train Lines
Authors: Smirnov V , Cherkasova D , Lebedev A , Smolyakov M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is well known, that the shallow underground train lines appear to be the sources of significant vibrations that spreads through the soil and transfers to the building’s foundation that are located inside the technical zone of the underground lines. These vibrations then spread through the load-bearing structures of a building and produce vibrations of walls and floors, that influence both the technical state of the building and sanitary-hygienic conditions of human stay. The vibration generated inside the premises of residential and public areas due to underground train traffic has unsteady discontinuous character with a marked predominance of signal in the frequency band of 22.5 – 90 Hz, and repeats with a period determined by the schedule of underground train passes. This article deals with probability analysis of vibration data measured inside residential dwelling adjacent to shallow underground railway line. Measurements were acquired using 24-bit resolution digital multichannel acquisition system. Measurement were performed simultaneously in the basement, on the 4th and 5th floors of the dwelling. The duration of the measurements was set as 2 weeks of continuous recordings in order to obtain maximum data for probability analysis.
Architecture of Consular Buildings in Manchuria (Lubin) During the First Half of the 20 Century
Authors: Smolianinova T A , Bazilevich M E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the architecture of the consular buildings of Manchuria (Lubin) in Inner Mongolia, during the first half of the 20th century. At present, in the Far East, in the context of the revitalization of modern construction of the cities of Northern Manchuria, located within the boundaries of the Chinese Eastern Railway, the Russian and European architecture is lost, and the remaining objects are reconstructed and become objects of tourist routes. The significance of Russian architecture of the first half of the twentieth century over time is rises, first of all, due to the preservation of the Russian and European architectural and cultural heritage. The article provides a brief historical description and architectural analysis of the objects. Also revealed two consular buildings, one of which is lost.
Outlook in Making Criteria for Assessing Progressive Collapse of Buildings and Facilities
Authors: Gabitov A I , Udalova E A , Salov A S , Chernova A R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Предстaвлен Analysis for theoretical and applied research in making regulatory and engineering provisions combining all the previous experience in design, maintenance and failure analysis of engineering structures considering wide spectrum of effects (dead, imposed, dynamic loads and outside climatic effects) on buildings and facilities, and providing safe operations thereof is presented herein. The “progressive collapse” term in addition to main properties of load-bearing building frames appeared due to specific man-made and environmental impacts occurring in emergency situations, when local failure results in far most vast destructions, i.e. expansion of damage along the whole building or large part thereof. The problem for protection against progressive collapse is given in engineering structures norms of all the developed countries. There are three basic approaches to provide reliability of buildings against progressive collapse: direct, indirect and probabilistic. Calculations of the structure on the whole or some elements thereof against the given emergency impact are referred to as the direct approach. Various organizational measures to reduce emergency situation risk and not directly referring to the structure calculations are called indirect approach. The probabilistic approach is estimation of emergency situation risk based on each scenario to be calculated. Problems of complicated system survivability under specific impact are shown to be further analyzed and considered, therewith more attention is to be paid to nonlinear statement of problems and progressive collapse of structures made of various materials.
Energy Efficient Technologies for the Construction and Buildings Reconstruction
Authors: Gabitov A I , Gaisin A M , Udalova E A , Salov A S , Yamilova V V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
All The integrated approach features to the application of energy-efficient technologies in the buildings and structures reconstruction and construction, which is accompanied by rigorous research, preparation and testing of experimental energy-efficient objects and samples with their further introduction into modern architectural solutions and construction practices are considered. Unlike energy conservation, energy efficiency in construction is aimed at using less energy to satisfy the same level of buildings energy supply or technological processes in production. It is shown that for a qualitative assessment of the improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures possibility, all areas of energy loss should be assessed. Therefore, priority in technology should be put on improving the thermal insulation efficiency, mounting recovery devices to use exhaust air heat, and also include measures to prevent the warm air infiltration through windows, doors, balconies, and indoors to use instruments to control their internal temperature. Improving energy efficiency should be attributed to the strategic objectives of the state, being at the same time the main method of ensuring energy security.
Justification of the Possibility of Changing of a Permissible Axle Load on the Road
Authors: Luchinskiy D P , Sannikov S P , Timohovets V D , Marmur A V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article includes an analysis of the possibility of changing current axle load and total weight limits for vehicles depending on the type of the vehicle and the season of the year during a transport of goods with modern vehicles. The weighing control has shown exceeding an actual weight and the axle load comparing to the maximum values limited by federal regulations. Ineffective use of a modern heavy vehicles in a transport of goods forces the construction organizations to break the rules of transporting or acquire special permissions. The limitations of the maximum values for the axle load and the total weight are established for the whole calendar period which is incorrect, since the road structure turns into “the monolith” due to freezing in the winter period. This gives a prerequisite to believe that it is required to take into account the seasonal features of the behavior of road structures while imposing maximum limitations established by federal law. An important factor that has a destructive influence on the road construction is not the load or the weight of the vehicle, but a pressure arising in a plane of a tread pattern on a road surface. The destructive influence on the road pavement could be insignificant with a large weight of vehicle and a certain diameter of tread pattern.
Increase in Efficiency of Cooling of the Frozen Basis at the Expense of the Thermal Insulation Blind Area and Vertical Self-Cooling Devices (SCD)
Authors: Plotnikov A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
At traditional decisions the bases of residential buildings of the soil constructed with preservation of a frozen state, basis temperatures in an average zone under the building are much lower, than in extreme zones. It reduces bearing capacity of piles on side axes. In this article, the constructive solutions allowing to cool more evenly the basis due to application additional of the cooling and preserving devices are considered. Regularities of formation of temperature condition of frozen soil were carried out by numerical methods by means of the TEMPA program. on the example of the residential building in permafrost zone. The constructive decision includes the pile bases and the high ventilated underground. The executed calculations showed an opportunity to lower temperature in the work area of extreme piles up to the temperature in a zone of average piles at the expense of the warmed blind area and vertical self-cooling devices (SCD).
Formation of the Appearance of Multistory Residential Complexes in Largest Cities
Authors: Pronina T V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the modern practice of development cities, the architectural and artistic expressiveness of residential buildings has become one of the important factors of their consumer qualities that determine the cost of houses. Under these conditions, the tasks of the directed application of numerous technological and constructive means of achieving the architectural and artistic expressiveness of residential areas with the aim of ensuring the maximum aesthetic and economic effect are of particular relevance. The objectives of the article is to identify the most characteristic features of the projected models of residential complexes in largest cities on the basis of pre-project analysis of the objective prerequisites of the construction site – landscape, historical-stylistic and, above all, urban planning prerequisites. The conceptual solution of any residential complex in large urban agglomerations must be based on the fact that the majority of residential areas form a discrete urban «fabric» - a polystructure into which residential complexes of increased urban planning importance, that is, complexes-reference points or monostructures must be embedded. The different town-planning role of these residential areas in the city’s system determines a fundamentally different approach to shaping their appearance, from volume-spatial and silhouette solutions to solutions to their facade planes. The conclusions given in the article and related recommendations can be useful in the real design of residential areas of the largest cities.
Innovative Tricks of Adaptations the Architectural Objects as Alternative Ecosystem
Authors: Saprykina N A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to an actual problem the formation of Adaptive space environment as the principle of creating architectural objects. The purpose of article is to consider innovative techniques of adaptation in the shaping of architectural space as alternative ecosystem. It is proposed that a promising approach to the Organization of contemporary spatial environment as adapt-system. Identified the hierarchical levels, types and methods of adaptation, enable you to maintain proper balance space habitats and environment. A leading approach to the study of this problem is based on analytical of research methods such as: integrated design object as a system, a method of structural analysis and the informational methods. Materials can be useful to the theory and practice of forming the space habitat as opens completely new possibilities in architecture and construction.
Integration of Recreational Spaces into Living Buildings Considering Ecological Aspects
Authors: Zhdanova I V , Kalinkina N A , Chernysheva I V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The main goal of this article is to explore the modern approaches to solving problems of energy saving and environmental pollution by introduction recreation areas to the residential buildings. Reviewed the popular elements of green building - green roofs and vertical greening in residential buildings. Also, identified the advantages of greened roofs, studied the different types of roofs and various types of plants. The author considered vertical gardening and constructions (such as – suspended systems, modular lattices, metal mesh). The examples of foreign houses using vertical gardening confirm this type of landscaping as a unique. They can create new favorable spaces in an urban environment. So we can conclude that using of green roofs and vertical gardening is very relevant nowadays. They make urban accommodation more comfortable, increase aesthetic conditions of urban environment and they have good effect on human health.
Consideration of Climatic Parameters Changes in the Design of Ventilation Systems for High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Agakhanova K M , Abramkina D V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Capacity of heating system is determined by transmission heat losses throught external enclosures and heating of infiltration air. Airflow rate of infiltration air depends on external pressures in the center of air-permeable openings. A major component of this parameter is wind forse pressure, which value depends on its speed changing with the height of a building. In previous research works was made a compraising analysis of existing calculation methods of wind speed chandes on the height of high-rise buildings. Based on the obtained review, two calculation methods have been chosen in the present article: method, based on speed change coefficient and power-law method. The article presents the results of air mode calculation for high-rise building in Moscow. Results of calculations based on method of speed change coefficient provides higher values of supply airflow rate than in case of excluding the impact of wind speed changes along the height of a building and using power-law method.
Impact of Automated Vehicles on Urban Form
Authors: Malysheva E V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Automated vehicles (AV) are a rapidly developing technology. It is expected that completely self-driving cars in the largest cities of the world will be by 2040-2050. All over the world technical, political, legal and economic issues of self-driving technology are being explored. Self-driving cars will not only affect daily trips, but also will change the appearance of cities. Automobiles — their size, accessibility, and environmental impact — are an important factor in urban planning in the last century. This article describes the problems of introducing self-driving cars and its impact on urban form and architecture. The technology of self-driving cars will change the urban environment. Those changes will be irreversible, so it is important to have an idea about the consequences of its implementation, in order to avoid negative developments and try to get the maximum benefit from the introduction of automated vehicles. Following the analysis of the scientific literature, two main scenarios for the introduction of automated vehicles according to the form of ownership — individual and public, including the system of a mass self-driving taxi — were considered. For these scenarios, the factors of spatial influence of AV on the urban form were combined into three groups of principles: the impact on urbanization; the impact on road infrastructure; the influence at the local level. The question of how the introduction of AV will affect the density and structure of the city, as well as the quality of human life. The problem of early obsolescence of infrastructure projects has been raised. Priority of an integrated approach is shown when choosing a strategy for further development.