bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RECIST and iRECIST criteria for the evaluation of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer: the GERCOR NIPICOL phase II study
Authors: Cohen Romain , Bennouna Jaafar , Meurisse Aurélia , Tournigand Christophe , De La Fouchardière Christelle , Tougeron David , Borg Christophe , Mazard Thibault , Chibaudel Benoist , Garcia-Larnicol Marie-Line , Svrcek Magali , Vernerey Dewi , Menu Yves , André Thierry 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are highly effective in patients with microsatellite instability/mismatch repair-deficient (MSI/dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria may underestimate response to ICIs due to the pseudoprogression phenomenon. The GERCOR NIPICOL phase II study aimed to evaluate the frequency of pseudoprogressions in patients with MSI/dMMR mCRC treated with nivolumab and ipilimumab.MethodsPatients with MSI/dMMR mCRC previously treated with fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan with/without targeted therapies received nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks for four cycles then nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks until progression or a maximum of 20 cycles. Computed tomography scan tumor assessments were done every 6 weeks for 24 weeks and then every 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was disease control rate at 12 weeks according to RECIST 1.1 and iRECIST by central review.ResultsOf 57 patients included between December 2017 and November 2018, 48.0% received ≥3 prior lines of chemotherapy, 18.0% had BRAFV600E mutation, and 56.0% had Lynch syndrome-related cancer. Seven patients (12.0%) discontinued treatment due to adverse events; one died due to a treatment-related adverse event. The disease control rate (DCR) at 12 weeks was 86.0% with RECIST 1.1% and 87.7% with iRECIST. Two pseudoprogressions (3.5%) were observed, at week 6 and at week 36, representing 18% of patients with disease progression per RECIST 1.1 criteria. With a median follow-up of 18.4 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not reached. The 12-month PFS rate was 72.9% with RECIST 1.1% and 76.5% with iRECIST. The 12-month OS rate was 84%. Overall response rate was 59.7% with both criteria. RAS/BRAF status, sidedness, Lynch syndrome, and other baseline parameters were not associated with PFS.ConclusionPseudoprogression is rare in patients with MSI/dMMR mCRC treated with nivolumab and ipilimumab. This combined ICI therapy confirms impressive DCR and survival outcomes in these patients.Trial registration numberNCT03350126.
Efficacy of ultrasound guidance for lumbar punctures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Shu LiPei , Huang Jiao , Liu Jing Chen 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTUltrasound guidance has been reported to facilitate the performance of lumbar punctures (LPs). However, the use of ultrasound guidance has not yet received consistent conclusions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of ultrasound-guided LPs. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomised controlled trials comparing ultrasound guidance with traditional palpation for LPs in adults. The primary outcome was risk of failed procedures. A random-effects Mantel-Haenzsel model or random-effects inverse variance model was used to calculate relative risks (RRs) or standardised mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs. Twenty-eight trials (N=2813) met the inclusion criteria. Ultrasound-guided LPs were associated with a reduced risk of failed procedures (RR=0.58, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.85, p=0.005). No significant heterogeneity was detected (I2=27%) among these trials. It further decreased first attempt to failure (RR=0.43, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.62, p&lt;0.00001), mean attempts to success (SMD=−0.61, 95% CI −0.80 to −0.43, p=0.00001) and incidences of complications of headache and backache (RR=0.63, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.85, p=0.003). Ultrasound guidance is an effective technique for LPs in adults.
Safety and outcomes of outpatient compared to inpatient total knee arthroplasty: a national retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mai Harry T , Mukhdomi Taif , Croxford Daniel , Apruzzese Patricia , Kendall Mark C , De Oliveira Gildasio S 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundMany factors are driving total knee arthroplasty to be performed more commonly as an outpatient (<24 hour discharge) procedure. Nonetheless, the safety of total knee replacements performed in the outpatient setting is not well established when compared with inpatient setting. The purpose of this study is to compare the postoperative outcomes of outpatient and inpatient total knee arthroplasties.MethodsThe 2015 and 2016 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data sets were queried to extract patients who underwent primary, elective, unilateral total knee arthroplasty. The primary outcome was serious adverse events defined by a composite outcome including: return to operating room, wound-related infection, thromboembolic event, renal failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cerebrovascular accident, use of ventilator >48 hours, unplanned intubation, sepsis/septic shock, and death. Propensity matched analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding covariates.Results1099 patients undergoing outpatient total knee arthroplasty (1% of total cases) were successfully matched to 1099 patients undergoing inpatient surgeries. The composite rate of serious adverse events was greater in outpatient procedures compared with inpatient procedures (3.18% vs 1.36%, p=0.005). In contrast, failure to rescue and readmission rates were not different between groups.ConclusionsOutpatient total knee arthroplasty is associated with a higher composite risk of serious adverse events than inpatient procedures. Anesthesiologists and surgeons should inform patients and discuss this information when obtaining consent for surgery and planning for discharge timing.
Use of fever detection in combination with thoracic ultrasonography to identify respiratory disease, and compare treatments of antimicrobials and NSAID: a randomised study in dairy calves
Authors: Mahendran Sophie A 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThis study explored the combined use of fever detection and thoracic ultrasonography to identify calves with early onset bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Thoracic ultrasonography was then used to assess the efficacy of antimicrobial and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment for early onset BRD through a randomised study design.MethodsCalves were recruited from a single dairy farm in the UK, and fitted with a TempVerified FeverTag, which was activated when a calf developed fever (a temperature of 39.7°C for six hours). On identification of fever, a Wisconsin calf score was used to provide a diagnosis of BRD by exclusion of other causes. Calves were randomly assigned to experimental groups; group 1 (NSAID) received flunixin meglumine, group 2 (antimicrobial) received florfenicol, group 3 (both) received both drugs. A thoracic ultrasound was conducted within 48 hours of fever detection, and again 14 days later to assess lung pathology.ResultsA total of 152 calves were recruited, with a relative BRD prevalence of 49 per cent (74/152). Thirty‐two calves required a secondary treatment (due to continued fever), causing exclusion from statistical analysis of the change in ultrasound score and resulting in the study being underpowered for detecting statistical significance. Initial thoracic ultrasound scores were very low, with 70/74 calves scoring either 0 or 1, indicating few comet tails and no lung consolidation was seen and potential overdiagnosis of BRD. For assessment of therapy efficacy, no effect of experimental group was detected on average daily growth rates (mean 0.85 kg/day, P=0.89). Calves also displayed very few clinical signs at the time of fever detection. These factors combined suggest a high rate of false positive identification (low specificity) for BRD through fever detection alone. Calves given the NSAID only were more likely to require repeat treatments due to fever recurrence (OR=3.10 (95 per cent CI 0.86 to 11.15), P=0.083). Also calves affected by their first case of fever at an older age (21 v28 days old) were less likely to go on to have further fever episodes (OR=0.95 (95 per cent CI 0.90 to 0.99), P=0.026).ConclusionThis study demonstrated calves given only an NSAID at occurrence of fever due to BRD may be more likely to require repeat treatments throughout the preweaning period. The use of fever detection alone for BRD indicated a low specificity for definitive diagnosis as shown by the low thoracic ultrasound scores and lack of clinical signs. The study was underpowered to assess the ultrasonic effects of the different treatment protocols on lung pathology.
The hot GDR revisited
Authors: Santonocito Domenico , Blumenfeld Yorick 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe properties of the Isovector Giant Dipole Resonance are reviewed as a function of the temperature of the state on which it is built. The experimental methods, based on scintillation detectors efficient for the detection of high energy gamma-rays, are described. Methods for determining the excitation energy and temperature from the measurement of light charged particle energy spectra taking pre-equilibrium emission into account are presented. The resonance properties, energy, width and strength, are followed as a function of increasing temperature. The data are analyzed in the framework of the statistical model, which is briefly presented, by using the codes CASCADE and DCASCADE. Various prescriptions for the characteristics of the resonance as well as theoretical models are incorporated into these statistical codes in view of a direct comparison with the data. The successes and deficiencies of the Thermal Shape Fluctuation model at low temperatures are discussed. A salient feature is the surprisingly abrupt disappearance of dipole strength above a limiting temperature which depends on the nuclear mass. Several models taking into account the competition between the time scales of collective degrees of freedom and nuclear lifetime only roughly reproduce the trend of the data. This disappearance of strength is tentatively linked to the nuclear liquid–gas phase transition.
Noninvasive Diagnostics for Early Detection of Lung Cancer: Challenges and Potential with a Focus on Changes in DNA Methylation
Authors: Farooq Maria , Herman James G. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and the world. Early detection of this disease can reduce mortality, as demonstrated for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening. However, there remains a need for improvements in lung cancer detection to complement LDCT screening and to increase adoption of screening. Molecular changes in the tumor, and the patient's response to the presence of the tumor, have been examined as potential biomarkers for diagnosing lung cancer. There are significant challenges to developing an effective biomarker with sufficient sensitivity and specificity for the early detection of lung cancer, particularly the detection of circulating tumor DNA, which is present in very small quantities. We will review approaches to develop biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer, with special consideration to detection of rare tumor events, focus on the use of DNA methylation-based detection in plasma and sputum, and discuss the promise and challenges of lung cancer early detection. Plasma-based detection of lung cancer DNA methylation may provide a simple cost-effective method for the early detection of lung cancer.
See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, “NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible.”
Conservar ou Desconservar: “Bicho tem em qualquer lugar, até na minha casa”
Authors: Lemos Antonio Agenor Briquet de 
Published: November 2020

Os registros feitos desde longínquas eras têm tido sua conservabilidade sujeita a riscos intrínsecos aos materiais e técnicas empregados em sua feitura e a fatores extrínsecos, de ordem ambiental, política, cultural, econômica e tecnológica. Além de seu uso contribuir para acelerar os processos de desorganização, de decaimento, de desordem, próprios de tudo que existe. Se conservar é ato de intervenção humana, o seu contrário (desconservar) ocorre naturalmente, pelo simples passar do tempo, embora a ação e a inação do homem costumem contribuir para isso. A manutenção deficiente dos lugares de abrigo dos documentos é um dos fatores que contribuem para sua mais rápida desconservação. Em levantamento feito de fevereiro de 1880 a março de 2017, foram identificados 77 incêndios e 21 alagamentos em bibliotecas e arquivos, com graus variados de perdas. Práticas de conservação exigem mecanismos de cooperação, intercâmbio e definição de responsabilidades em âmbito local, regional e nacional. Da lavagem do papel à digitalização de textos, passando pela microfilmagem, o histórico das técnicas de conservação mostra que seu emprego nem sempre adotou as cautelas necessárias, às vezes contribuindo para a perda ou mutilação dos documentos. A desconservação pode ser consequência ainda da repressão de ideias, de furtos e roubos e da ocultação/destruição de documentos em casos de ilícitos, o que atinge principalmente os arquivos. A conservação, tanto em seus aspectos técnicos quanto culturais, políticos e econômicos, deve fazer parte de uma política de Estado para preservação do patrimônio cultural nacional.
Long‐Term Particulate Matter Exposure and Incidence of Arrhythmias: A Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Kang Jeonggyu , Hong Yun Soo , Chang Yoosoo , Ryu Seungho , Park Jihwan , Cho Juhee , Guallar Eliseo , Shin Ho Cheol , Zhao Di 
Published: November 2020

Background
Studies have shown that short‐term exposure to air pollution is associated with cardiac arrhythmia hospitalization and mortality. However, the relationship between long‐term particulate matter air pollution and arrhythmias is still unclear. We evaluate the prospective association between particulate matter (PM) air pollution and the risk of incident arrhythmia and its subtypes.

Methods and Results

Participants were drawn from a prospective cohort study of 178 780 men and women who attended regular health screening exams in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea, from 2002 to 2016. Exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 and ≤2.5 μm (PM
10
and PM
2.5
, respectively) was estimated using a land‐use regression model. The associations between long‐term PM air pollution and arrhythmia were examined using pooled logistic regression models with time‐varying exposure and covariables. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratios (ORs) for any arrhythmia associated with a 10 μg/m
3
increase in 12‐, 36‐, and 60‐month PM
10
exposure were 1.15 (1.09, 1.21), 1.12 (1.06, 1.18), and 1.14 (1.08, 1.20), respectively. The ORs with a 10 μg/m
3
increase in 12‐ and 36‐month PM
2.5
exposure were 1.27 (1.15, 1.40) and 1.10 (0.99, 1.23). PM
10
was associated with increased risk of incident bradycardia and premature atrial contraction. PM
2.5
was associated with increased risk of incident bradycardia and right bundle‐branch block.

Conclusions
In this large cohort study, long‐term exposure to outdoor PM air pollution was associated with increased risk of arrhythmia. Our findings indicate that PM air pollution may be a contributor to cardiac arrhythmia in the general population.
Right Atrial Pressure During Exercise Predicts Survival in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lichtblau Mona , Bader Patrick R. , Saxer Stéphanie , Berlier Charlotte , Schwarz Esther I. , Hasler Elisabeth D. , Furian Michael , Grünig Ekkehard , Bloch Konrad E. , Ulrich Silvia 
Published: November 2020

Background
We investigated changes in right atrial pressure (RAP) during exercise and their prognostic significance in patients assessed for pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Methods and Results

Consecutive right heart catheterization data, including RAP recorded during supine, stepwise cycle exercise in 270 patients evaluated for PH, were analyzed retrospectively and compared among groups of patients with PH (mean pulmonary artery pressure [mPAP] ≥25 mm Hg), exercise‐induced PH (exPH; resting mPAP <25 mm Hg, exercise mPAP >30 mm Hg, and mPAP/cardiac output >3 Wood Units (WU)), and without PH (noPH). We investigated RAP changes during exercise and survival over a median (quartiles) observation period of 3.7 (2.8–5.6) years. In 152 patients with PH, 58 with exPH, and 60 with noPH, median (quartiles) resting RAP was 8 (6–11), 6 (4–8), and 6 (4–8) mm Hg (
P
<0.005 for noPH and exPH versus PH). Corresponding peak changes (95% CI) in RAP during exercise were 5 (4–6), 3 (2–4), and −1 (−2 to 0) mm Hg (noPH versus PH
P
<0.001, noPH versus exPH
P
=0.027). RAP increase during exercise correlated with mPAP/cardiac output increase (
r
=0.528,
P
<0.001). The risk of death or lung transplantation was higher in patients with exercise‐induced RAP increase (hazard ratio, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.69–10.64;
P
=0.002) compared with patients with unaltered or decreasing RAP during exercise.

Conclusions
In patients evaluated for PH, RAP during exercise should not be assumed as constant. RAP increase during exercise, as observed in exPH and PH, reflects hemodynamic impairment and poor prognosis. Therefore, our data suggest that changes in RAP during exercise right heart catheterization are clinically important indexes of the cardiovascular function.
Plea Bargaining in Nigeria Under the Administration of Criminal Justice Act
Authors: Azubuike Lawrence 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the past decade or so, the subject of plea bargaining has assumed a, hitherto lacking, currency and has become more topical in Nigeria. This owes to the activities of the anti-corruption agencies which have, of recent, tended to use it in the resolution of cases. This increased use has resulted in outrage and condemnation of the practice. In order to ameliorate the perceived abuse of the practice of plea bargaining, the new criminal procedure statute, the Administration of Criminal Justice Act 2015 (ACJA), attempts to make comprehensive provisions to guard against its abuse. This article critically assesses the provisions of the ACJA on plea bargaining. It finds that the provisions are unduly broad, verbose and clumsy. Many are superfluous and overlap with others. It suggests an amendment of the statute in order to streamline such provisions.
Effectiveness of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Versus Mandibular Advancement Device in Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With Mandibular Retrognathia: A Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Lai Haichun , Huang Wei , Chen Wei , Wang Desheng 
Published: November 2020

Aim: Some obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients may have mandibular retrognathia (ANB > 4.7° and SNB < 76.2°). Currently, there are no studies that have compared the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) versus mandibular advancement device (MAD) in severe OSA patients with mandibular retrognathia. We explored the efficacy of CPAP versus MAD for the treatment of severe OSA patients with mandibular retrognathia. Methods: A total of 105 patients were enrolled. Outcomes were assessed by using polysomnography, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Snore Scale (SS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and compliance, before treatment and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Results: Continuous positive airway pressure was superior to MAD in improving polysomnographic outcomes and SS score, but reported compliance was higher on MAD. There is no significant difference between the 2 treatments in terms of ESS score and SAS score. Obstructive sleep apnea patients with mandibular retrognathia showed greater improvement than those without mandibular retrognathia in terms of apnea-hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index after MAD. Conclusion: Continuous positive airway pressure and MAD are both effective in treating severe OSA patients with mandibular retrognathia. Mandibular advancement device is a good alternative to CPAP in severe OSA patients with mandibular retrognathia. Mandibular advancement device is more effective in treating OSA patients with mandibular retrognathia than those without. Trial registration: ChiCTR2000032541.
Surgery is no more effective than conservative treatment for Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Bastos Robson Massi , de Carvalho Júnior Jorge Geraldo , da Silva Suellen Aline Martinez , Campos Shirley Ferreira , Rosa Matheus Vieira , de Moraes Prianti Bruno 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To summarize the effects of surgical treatment compared to conservative treatment in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome in the short, medium, and long term. Study Design: Systematic review Methods: The following databases were searched on 14/09/2020: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and PEDro. There were no date or language limits. The methodological quality assessment was performed using the PEDro scale and the quality of the evidence followed the GRADE recommendation. The outcomes pain, disability, and adverse effects were extracted. Results: Of 6264 initial studies, three met the full-text inclusion criteria. All studies were of good methodological quality. Follow up ranged from six months to two years, with 650 participants in total. The meta-analyses found no difference in disability between surgical versus conservative treatment, with a mean difference (MD) between groups of 3.91 points (95% CI –2.19 to 10.01) at six months, MD of 5.53 points (95% CI –3.11 to 14.16) at 12 months and 3.8 points (95% CI –6.0 to 13.6) at 24 months. The quality of the evidence (GRADE) varied from moderate to low across all comparisons. Conclusion: There is moderate-quality evidence that surgical treatment is not superior to conservative treatment for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome in the short term, and there is low-quality evidence that it is not superior in the medium term. Level of evidence: Therapy, level 1a. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42019134118
Informational Needs of the Families of Patients Discharged From Intensive Care Units: A Case of Iran
Authors: Hajalizadeh Asma , Ahmadinejad Mehdi , Dehghan Mahlagha , Arab Mansoor 
Published: November 2020

Background thousands of patients are admitted to intensive care units annually, which is a stressful event. Many of these patients still require particular care after discharge. In many countries, families play an essential role in taking care of these patients after discharge. This study aimed to determine the informational needs of families of patients discharged from Intensive Care Units (ICU), Kerman, southeast Iran. Methods this study had a cross-sectional design. Families were selected using the information extracted from patients’ medical records. One hundred forty family members of the ICU discharged patients participated in the survey using convenience sampling. Data collection tools were a validated researcher-made questionnaire about informational needs and a demographic characteristics form. Results the mean score of family informational needs was 31.18 ± 3.97 out of 40. Most families required a high level of information in all dimensions. However, the maximum need was associated with self-care subscale (4.89 out of 5), and the minimum need was associated with defecation (3.13 out of 5). Conclusion the families of patients discharged from intensive care units required much information about different areas of care particularly self-care. Health care providers, especially nurses, should be aware of the informational needs of the ICU patients’ families post-discharge to provide better care.