bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Well-managed gestational diabetes mellitus is no longer a risk factor for neonatal RDS — a case-control study
Authors: Xi Guannan , Ying Qian , Wang Xuefeng , Luo Fei , Lu Chengqiu , Yang Yun , Wang Jimei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND Diabetes in pregnancy used to be considered associated with a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in neonates. However, as antenatal examinations have improved, whether well-managed gestational diabetes remains an independent risk factor is unclear. This study was to determine the associations of well-managed gestational diabetes with morbidity and complications of RDS. Method This was a case-control study conducted at the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. We collected data from 101 RDS infants and 101 RDS infants from among 1749 infants, through a standardized protocol with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Assessment of diabetes management was based on HbA1c and random blood glucose measurements. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR). An intergroup analysis was conducted between RDS infants and those without RDS, and a subgroup analysis was conducted between RDS neonates born to women with gestational diabetes and those born to women without gestational diabetes. RESULTS The mean (±SD) gestational age of the RDS infants was 35.9 (1.9) weeks, which was similar to that of the non-RDS infants (35.7 (±1.3) weeks). The HbA1c levels at diabetes diagnosed, the HbA1c levels right before delivery and the RBG levels before delivery had no significant differences, and all of them were below a well-controlled level. In the intergroup analysis, the morbidity of gestational diabetes between the two groups showed no significant differences in the adjusted analyses (adjusted OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.59-3.36). However, the case group had significantly more placental abnormalities (adjusted OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.63-8.00), fetal distress (adjusted OR 4.20, 95% CI 1.87-9.46), and asphyxia (adjusted OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.59-8.81) than the control group. In the subgroup analysis, the total dose of the PS applications, incidence of complications, and need for respiratory support (total and separate) were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Well managed gestational diabetes is no longer a significant risk factor for RDS, while acute or chronic ischemia factors are. With regards to most GDM, diet and exercise are sufficient for maintaining an HbA1c below 6.5%
A scoping review of 2019 Novel Coronavirus during the early outbreak period: Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control
Authors: Adhikari Sasmita Poudel , Meng Sha , Wu Yuju , Mao Yuping , Ye Ruixue , Wang Qingzhi , Sun Chang , Sylvia Sean , Rozelle Scott , Raat Hein , Zhou Huan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The 2019-nCoV has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China beginning in December 2019. This epidemic had spread to 19 countries with 11791 confirmed cases, including 213 deaths, as of January 31, 2020. The World Health Organization declared it as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.Methods: A scoping review of 65 research articles published until January 31, 2020 were analyzed and discussed for a better understanding of the epidemiology, causes, clinical diagnosis, prevention and control of this virus. The research domains, publishing dates, journal language, and authors’ affiliations, as well as methodological characteristics were analyzed. All findings and statements that are mentioned regarding the outbreak in this review are based on published information as listed in the references.Results: Most of the publications were in English language (89.23%). The largest proportion of articles were related to causes (38.46%) and majority (67.69%), and were published by Chinese scholars. Research articles initially focused on causes while there was an increase of the articles related to prevention and control over time. Studies thus far have shown origination in connection to a seafood market in Wuhan, but specific animal association has not been confirmed. The reported symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, pneumonia, headache, diarrhea, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. Preventive measures such as masks, hand hygiene practices, avoidance of public contact, case detection, contact tracing, and quarantines are being discussed for reducing the transmission. To date, no specific antiviral treatment is proven effective, hence, infected people primarily rely on symptomatic treatment and supportive care. Conclusions: There has been a rapid surge in research in response to the outbreak of 2019-nCoV. During this early period, published research primarily explored the epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus. Although these studies had relevance to the control of a public emergency, more high-quality research need to be conducted to provide valid and reliable ways to manage this kind of public health emergency in both short-and long-terms.
Ovarian metastasis from nongynecologic primary sites: a retrospective analysis of 177 cases and 13-year experience
Authors: Zhang Jing-Jing , Cao Dong-Yan , Yang Jia-Xin , Shen Keng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Although the most common nongynecologic primary site of ovarian metastasis is the gastrointestinal tract, metastasis to the ovary is not uncommon. Differential diagnosis between primary malignant ovarian tumor and metastatic ovarian tumor is important; otherwise, appropriate treatment cannot be determined. Furthermore, an optimal treatment strategy for ovarian metastasis from nongynecologic primary sites still needs to be explored. This study described the clinicopathologic characteristics of ovarian metastasis from nongynecologic primary sites and the significance of surgical treatment for these patients. Methods One hundred seventy-seven patients with ovarian metastasis from nongynecologic primary sites admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital between May 2005 and May 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Results The mean age was 48 years (range, 18 - 83). Approximately 60% of patients were premenopausal women. The two most common nongynecologic primary sites of ovarian metastasis were the colorectum (68 cases) and stomach (61 cases). In addition to the most common symptoms of abdominal distension (39.0%), abdominal pain (37.9%), and ascites (27.7%), 18.1% of patients presented with abnormal uterine bleeding. Half of the patients who tested serum CA-125 preoperatively had elevated CA-125 levels within the range of 35 U/ml to 200 U/ml. More than 70% of synchronous ovarian metastases were preoperatively misdiagnosed as primary ovarian cancer. Of these patients, 56.5% achieved optimal cytoreductive surgery (the diameter of the largest residual lesion < 2 cm). The overall 5-year survival rate and median survival time were 10% and 20 months, respectively. The primary site, optimal cytoreductive surgery, tumor differentiation, and postoperative adjuvant treatment were identified as prognostic indicators. Conclusions The colorectum and stomach are the most common nongynecologic primary sites of ovarian metastasis. Synchronous ovarian metastasis is easily misdiagnosed as primary ovarian cancer. Optimal cytoreductive surgery and postoperative adjuvant treatment can be performed to confer survival benefit in selected patients.
Effects of Ninjurin 2 Polymorphisms on Susceptibility of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Yan Yuping , Du Xiaoyan , Liu Xiaoxi , Li Jingjie , Xiong Zichao , Wu Jiamin , Sun Yao , Tian Gang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of NINJ2 polymorphisms on susceptibility of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods We conducted a case-control study with 499 CHD cases and 505 age- and sex- matched controls. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in NINJ2 (rs118050317, rs75750647, rs7307242, rs10849390 and rs11610368) were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY platform. Odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression to assess the association of NINJ2 polymorphism and CHD risk adjusting for age and gender.. Results NINJ2 rs118050317 significantly increased CHD risk among people older than 60 years old (allele: P = 0.010; heterozygote: P = 0.016; dominant: P = 0.015; additive: P = 0.021) and women (allele: P = 0.026; heterozygote: P = 0.015; dominant: P = 0.018; additive: P = 0.030). Rs118050317 and rs7307242 had strong relationship with hypertension risk in CHD patients. Additionally, rs75750647 significantly increased diabetes risk in multiple models among cases (allele: P = 0.014; homozygote: P = 0.037; heterozygote: P = 0.044; dominant: P = 0.019; additive: P = 0.013), whereas rs10849390 could protect CHD patients from diabetes in allele ( P = 0.035), homozygote ( P = 0.047) and additive ( P = 0.037) models. We also observed two block (block 1: rs118050317 and rs75750647; block 2: rs7307242, rs10849390 and rs11610368) in NINJ2 . Conclusion Our results suggest that NINJ2 polymorphisms are associated with CHD risk.
Subcellular localization of fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 and correlation with CTNNB1 genotype in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Haase Matthias , Thiel Anne , Scholl Ute I. , Ashmawy Hany , Schott Matthias , Ehlers Margret 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective: Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)2 regulates the development of the adrenal gland in mice. In addition, FGFR2-mediated signalling has been shown to prevent apoptosis and to enhance proliferation in adrenocortical precursor cells. The activation of the Wingless/Int-1 (WNT) / beta catenin pathway as a key mechanism of adrenocortical tumourigenesis has been linked to FGFR2 signalling in other cell types. Therefore we hypothesised that FGFR2 expression may also play a role in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). We conducted a pilot study and analysed protein expression of FGFR2 in 26 ACCs using immunohistochemistry technique. Data on the CTNNB1 mutation status and clinical data were correlated to the expression of FGFR2. Results: We observed a high variability in FGFR2 expression between the different tumour samples. There was a subset of ACC with comparatively high nuclear expression of FGFR2. We did not find a clear association between the CTNNB1 mutational status or clinical features and the FGFR2 expression. We conclude that FGFR signalling plays a role in adrenocortical carcinoma. Our data encourages further investigations of FGFR signalling in ACC, especially since new inhibitors of FGFR signalling are already entering clinical trials for the treatment of other cancer types.
Engineering central pathways for industrial-level D-(-)-acetoin biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Lu Lingxue , Mao Yufeng , Kou Mengyun , Cui Zhenzhen , Jin Biao , Chang Zhishuai , Wang Zhiwen , Ma Hongwu , Chen Tao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Acetoin, especially the optically pure L-(+)- or D-(-)-enantiomer, is a high-value-added bio-based platform chemical and important potential pharmaceutical intermediate. Over the past decades, intense efforts have been devoted to the production of acetoin through green biotechniques. However, efficient and economical methods for the production of optically pure acetoin enantiomers are rarely reported. Previously, we systematically engineered the GRAS microorganism Corynebacterium glutamicum to efficiently produce D-(-)-acetoin from glucose. Nevertheless, its yield and average productivity were still unsatisfactory for industrial bioprocesses. Results: In this study, cellular carbon fluxes in the acetoin producer CGR6 were further redirected toward acetoin synthesis using several metabolic engineering strategies, including blocking anaplerotic pathways, attenuating key genes of the TCA cycle and integrating additional copies of the alsSD operon into the genome. Among them, the combination of attenuation of citrate synthase and inactivation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase showed a significant synergistic effect on acetoin production. Finally, the optimal engineered strain CGS11 produced a titer of 102.45 g/L acetoin with a yield of 0.419 g/g glucose at a rate of 1.86 g/L/h in a 5 L fermenter. The optical purity of the resulting D-(-)-acetoin surpassed 95%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest titer of highly enantiomerically enriched D-(-)-acetoin, together with a competitive product yield and productivity, achieved in a simple, green process without expensive additives or substrates. This process therefore opens the possibility to achieve easy, efficient, economical and environmentally-friendly production of D-(-)-acetoin via microbial fermentation in the near future. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest titer of highly enantiomerically enriched D-(-)-acetoin, together with a competitive product yield and productivity, achieved in a simple, green processes without expensive additives or substrates. This process therefore opens the possibility to achieve easy, efficient, economical and environmentally-friendly production of D-(-)-acetoin via microbial fermentation in the near future.
Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives On Screening And Management Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Public Hospitals Of South India – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sahu Biswamitra , Babu Giridhara R , Gurav Kaveri Siddappa , Karthik Maithili , Deepa R , Lobo Eunice , John Daisy A , Oakley Laura , Oteng-Ntim E , Nadal Iliatha Papachristou , Kinra Sanjay 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Women developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus are subsequently at a higher risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes later in life. Screening and effective management of women with GDM is essential in preventing progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the burden of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is high in India, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus screening and management is suboptimal in public hospitals. We aimed to explore the perspectives of healthcare providers regarding the barriers and facilitators from the health system context that restrict the timely screening and effective management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Methods We conducted six in-depth interviews of health care providers- four with nurses and two with obstetricians in the public hospitals in India's major city (Bengaluru). The interviews were conducted in the preferred language of the participants ( Kannada for nurses, English for the obstetricians) and audio-recorded. All Kannada interviews were transcribed and translated into English for analysis. The primary data were analyzed using grounded theory approach by NVivo 12 plus Results Health care providers recognized and supported the need for design and implementation of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus screening and management services. While obstetricians were aware of the national guidelines regarding screening and management; nurses mentioned that they had unmet training needs in health promotion. Barriers identified to timely screening and management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus included unmet training needs of nurses regarding Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, delay in screening of pregnant women accessing antenatal care at private clinics initially and subsequently reporting at public hospital in late gestation, migration of pregnant women due to delivery of first born at natal home, lack of follow up system of deferred cases for gestational diabetes screening, resource deficit, and long waiting hours. Conclusion Provided the fact that there is effectiveness of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus screening and management services, there is a pressing need to develop and improve existing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Screening and Management services to tackle the growing burden of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in India. With the urgent need for these services, it needs to be extended to public hospitals.
Comparison Cost_Daly Of Hip Replacement Care In 12 Belgian Hospitals
Authors: Dehanne Fabian , Gourdin Maximilien , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Bihin Benoit , Wilder Philippe Van , Mareschal Bertrand , Leclercq Pol , Pirson Magali 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In view of the expected increase in expenditure on hip replacement treatment in Belgium [10], the complication rate [3] and the possible reduction in waste estimated by the OECD [1], we are not yet in a position to objectify the effectiveness of hip replacement treatment in Belgian hospitals. This objective study aims to propose a hospital comparison through the use of a cost-DALY ratio for hip replacement surgery among 12 Belgian hospitals. Methods In our study, the DALY calculation was applied at the hospital level for complications. Mortality was calculated on the basis of the Belgian mortality and life expectancy tables [15]. A DALY has been assigned to readmissions within 30 days. The costs of this study are the hospital costs of the PACHA hospital analysis. The adjusted values (costs and DALYs) were obtained by relating the observed value to the predicted value obtained from the linear regression model. Results We have 2,411 inpatients with an average age (Standard Deviation) of 69 years (13.5 years). The complication rate during hospital stays is estimated at 6.93% while the mortality rate is 1.20%. The average cost (SD) of a stay is €8,013 (€4,304). We have registered a total of 246.5 DALYs for the 12 hospital institutions in the study. Conclusion Other indicators should complete our study, including the patient's perception of the actual results experienced by the patient. Our analysis invites the authorities to create good practice guides for common diseases such as hip replacement surgery. Based on this first experience for the orthopaedic sector, we are convinced of the usefulness of our approach in evaluating the "cost-effectiveness" of other care systems.
Oligodendrocyte generation and maturation in the hippocampus may be a target of fluoxetine for delaying cognitive dysfunction during early Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhang Yi , Chao Feng-lei , Zhang Lei , Zhou Chun-ni , Jiang Lin , Tang Jing , Liang Xin , Fan Jin-hua , Dou Xiao-yun , Tang Yong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In the central nervous system, the myelin sheath and the cells that form it—oligodendrocytes—are associated with cognitive function. Oligodendrocyte abnormalities is an important early pathogenic factor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it is unclear how the hippocampal oligodendrocytes change during early AD and whether early hippocampal oligodendrocyte pathology in AD can be regarded as a novel therapeutic target.Methods To address these questions, we subjected APP/PS1 transgenic mice and nontransgenic littermates to fluoxetine interventions for 2 months. After intervention, the behaviors were assessed with open field test and Morris water maze test, the changes in hippocampal oligodendrocytes were studied using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, unbiased stereological techniques, laser scanning confocal microscope and molecular biotechnology.Results AD mice had an abnormally high number of oligodendrocyte lineage cells (Olig2 + cells) but lower expressions of CNPase and MBP and fewer mature oligodendrocytes (CNPase + cells) in the hippocampus than nontransgenic littermates. Among the oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the hippocampus of AD mice, fewer were mature oligodendrocytes and more were immature oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, decreased expression of SOX10, increased expression of LINGO1 and its ligands, and increased expression and activity of GSK3β might work together to induce oligodendrocyte maturation disorder in the hippocampus of AD mice. Fluoxetine treatment not only delayed the deficiencies in spatial learning and memory ability but also rescued the decrease in mature oligodendrocytes and reversed the abnormal increase in oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the hippocampus of AD mice, potentially by inhibiting the expression of LINGO1 and its ligands, inhibiting the expression and activity of GSK3β, reducing the levels of soluble Aβ40 and Aβ42, reducing β-amyloid plaques, reducing the ratio of oligodendrocytes expressing p16, promoting the expression of SOX10 in oligodendrocytes and promoting the maturation of newborn oligodendrocytes, and then increasing the number of mature oligodendrocytes in the hippocampus of AD mice.Conclusion There is oligodendrocyte maturation disorder in the hippocampus during early AD mice. Fluoxetine exposure during early AD may delay cognitive dysfunction by affecting hippocampal oligodendrocyte generation and maturation. Early hippocampal oligodendrocyte generation and maturation in AD might be regarded as a novel therapeutic target.
Synergic effects of decellularized bone matrix, hydroxyapatite, and extracellular vesicles on repairing of the rabbit mandibular bone defect model
Authors: Emami Asrin , Talaei-Khozani Tahereh , Tavanafar Saeid , Zareifard Nehleh , Azarpira Negar , Vojdani Zahra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (ECV) have beneficial effects on the treatment of some pathological cases such as bone defects. Besides, the bone extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used to restore bone damage. Since major bone defects showed low spontaneous repairing ability, the purpose of this study was to find the synergic effect of decellularized bone (DB) ECM and ECVs on the repair of rabbit z. Methods The quality of decellularized sheep bones was confirmed by H&E, Hoechst, and DNA quantification. Also, immunohistochemistry, histochemical staining, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were done to evaluate the retaining of ECM constitutions. Osteoblast-derived ECVs were evaluated by internalization test, Transmission electron microscopy, Dynamic light scattering, and flow cytometry for CD9, CD63, CD81 markers. The hydrogel containing DB and hydroxyapatite (HA) with or without ECVs was evaluated for osteoblast functions and bone repair both in vitro and in vivo. Results SEM, histochemistry, DNA quantification, and immunohistochemistry indicated that the ECM was preserved after decellularization, while the cell and nuclear debris were removed sufficiently. In vitro assessments revealed that mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity did not improve after treatment of MG63 cells by ECVs, while in vivo assessments showed synergic effects of ECVs and DB+HA hydrogels compared to the control, DB+HA and ECV-treated groups. Morphometric estimations revealed that the number of the bone-specific cells and vessel and bone area increased in bone defect treated with DB+HA/ECVs. Conclusion The DB enriched with ECVs can be an ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering and may provide a suitable niche for migration and differentiation of the bone cells.