bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roles of phosphatidylserine exposed on the viral envelope and cell membrane in HIV-1 replication
Authors: Chua Bernadette Anne , Ngo Jamie Ann , Situ Kathy , Morizono Kouki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is usually present only in the inner leaf of the lipid bilayers of the cell membrane, but is exposed on the outer leaf when cells are activated and/or die. Exposure of PtdSer has physiological functions. For example, the PtdSer exposed on dead cells can serve as “eat-me signals” for phagocytes to clear dead cells by phagocytosis, which prevents autoimmune reactions and inflammation. HIV-1 induces PtdSer exposure on infected and target cells and it also exposes PtdSer on its envelope. Recent studies showed that PtdSer exposed on the HIV-1 envelope and infected and target cells can facilitate or inhibit multiple steps of HIV-1 replication.At the virus binding and entry steps, interaction of the envelope PtdSer and the host’s PtdSer-binding molecules can enhance HIV-1 infection of cells by facilitating virus attachment. At the virus budding step, HIV-1 can be trapped on the cell surface by one family of PtdSer-binding receptors, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain proteins (TIM)-1, 3, and 4 expressed on virus producer cells. Although this trapping can inhibit release of HIV-1, one of the HIV-1 accessory gene products, Negative Factor (Nef), can counteract virus trapping by TIM family receptors (TIMs) by inducing the internalization of these receptors. HIV-1 infection can induce exposure of PtdSer on infected cells by inducing cell death. A soluble PtdSer-binding protein in serum, protein S, bridges PtdSer exposed on HIV-1-infected cells and a receptor tyrosine kinase, Mer, expressed on macrophages and mediate phagocytic clearance of HIV-1 infected cells. HIV-1 can also induce exposure of PtdSer on target cells at the virus binding step. Binding of HIV-1 envelope proteins to its receptor (CD4) and co-receptors (CXCR4 or CCR5) elicit signals that induce PtdSer exposure on target cells by activating TMEM16F, a phospholipid scramblase. PtdSer exposed on target cells enhances HIV-1 infection by facilitating fusion between the viral envelope and target cell membrane. Because various other phospholipid channels mediating PtdSer exposure have recently been identified, it will be of interest to examine how HIV-1 actively interacts with these molecules to manipulate PtdSer exposure levels on cells and viral envelope to support its replication.
Application of 3D printed osteotomy guide plate-assisted total knee arthroplasty in treatment of valgus knee deformity
Authors: Shen Zhimin , Wang Hong , Duan Yiqiang , Wang Jian , Wang Fengyan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionTo analyze the application of 3D printed osteotomy guide plate-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for valgus knee deformity.MethodsThe clinical data of 20 patients with valgus knee deformity admitted to our hospital from April 2012 to April 2017 were collected and analyzed. According to the treatment method, these patients were divided into two groups: 3D printed osteotomy guide plate-assisted TKA (combined treatment group,n = 10) and TKA (treatment group,n = 10). The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative mean femorotibial angle (MFTA), and Knee Society Score (KSS) of the two groups were statistically analyzed.ResultsCompared with the treatment group, the operation time was significantly shorter (P < 0.05), the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative MFTA were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the clinical and functional scores were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the combined treatment group.Conclusion3D printed osteotomy guide plate-assisted TKA for valgus knee deformity is more effective than TKA alone.
Agreement between results of meta-analyses from case reports and clinical studies, regarding efficacy and safety of idursulfase therapy in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS-II). A new tool for evidence-based medicine in rare diseases
Authors: Sampayo-Cordero Miguel , Miguel-Huguet Bernat , Pardo-Mateos Almudena , Malfettone Andrea , Pérez-García José , Llombart-Cussac Antonio , Cortés Javier , Moltó-Abad Marc , Muñoz-Delgado Cecilia , Pérez-Quintana Marta , Pérez-López Jordi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
A preliminary exploratory study shows solid agreement between the results of case reports and clinical study meta-analyses in mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPS-I) adult patients. The aim of the present study is to confirm previous results in another patient population, suffering from mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (MPS-II).

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of case reports published by April 2018 was conducted for MPS-II patients treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The study is reported in accordance with PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines (PROSPERO database code CRD42018093408). The assessed population and outcomes were the same as previously analyzed in a meta-analysis of MPS-II clinical studies. The primary endpoint was the percent of clinical cases showing improvement in efficacy outcome, or no harm in safety outcome after ERT initiation. A restrictive procedure to aggregate case reports, by selecting standardized and well-defined outcomes, was proposed. Different sensitivity analyses were able to evaluate the robustness of results.

Results
Every outcome classified as “acceptable evidence group” in our case report meta-analysis had been graded as “moderate strength of evidence” in the aforementioned meta-analysis of clinical studies. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive-negative predictive values for results of both meta-analyses reached 100%, and were deemed equivalent.

Conclusions
Aggregating case reports quantitatively, rather than analyzing them qualitatively, may improve conclusions in rare diseases and personalized medicine. Additionally, we propose some methods to evaluate publication bias and heterogeneity of the included studies in a meta-analysis of case reports.
Management and outcomes of pneumothorax in adult patients with Langerhans cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Le Guen Pierre , Chevret Sylvie , Bugnet Emmanuelle , de Margerie-Mellon Constance , Lorillon Gwenaël , Seguin-Givelet Agathe , Jouenne Fanélie , Gossot Dominique , Vassallo Robert , Tazi Abdellatif 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Pneumothorax may recur during pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) patients’ follow-up and its management is not standardised. The factors associated with pneumothorax recurrence are unknown.

Methods
In this retrospective study, PLCH patients who experienced a pneumothorax and were followed for at least 6 months after the first episode were eligible. The objectives were to describe the treatment of the initial episode and pneumothorax recurrences during follow-up. We also searched for factors associated with pneumothorax recurrence and evaluated the effect on lung function outcome. Time to recurrence was estimated by the Kaplan Meier method and the cumulative hazard of recurrence handling all recurrent events was estimated. Univariate Cox models and Andersen-Gill counting process were used for statistical analyses.

Results
Fourty-three patients (median age 26.5 years [interquartile range (IQR), 22.9–35.4]; 26 men, 39 current smokers) were included and followed for median time of 49 months. Chest tube drainage was the main management of the initial pneumothorax, which resolved in 70% of cases. Pneumothorax recurred in 23 (53%) patients, and overall 96 pneumothoraces were observed during the study period. In the subgroup of patients who experienced pneumothorax recurrence, the median number of episodes per patient was 3 [IQR, 2–4]. All but one recurrence occurred within 2 years after the first episode. Thoracic surgery neither delayed the time of occurrence of the first ipsilateral recurrence nor reduced the overall number of recurrences during the study period, although the rate of recurrence was lower after thoracotomy than following video-assisted thoracic surgery (p = 0.03). At the time of the first pneumothorax, the presence of air trapping on lung function testing was associated with increased risk of recurrence (hazard ratio = 5.08; 95% confidence interval [1.18, 21.8]; p = 0.03). Pneumothorax recurrence did not predict subsequent lung function decline (p = 0.058).

Conclusions
Our results show that pneumothorax recurrences occur during an “active” phase of PLCH. In this observational study, the time of occurrence of the first ipsilateral recurrence and the overall number of pneumothorax recurrences were similar after conservative and thoracic surgical treatments. Further studies are needed to determine the best management to reduce the risk of pneumothorax recurrence in PLCH patients.
Flight muscles degenerate by programmed cell death after migration in the wheat aphid, Sitobion avenae
Authors: Feng Honglin , Guo Xiao , Sun Hongyan , Zhang Shuai , Xi Jinghui , Yin Jiao , Cao Yazhong , Li Kebin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies showed that flight muscles degenerate after migration in some aphid species; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains virtually unknown. In this study, using the wheat aphid,Sitobion avenae, we aim to investigate aphid flight muscle degeneration and the underlying molecular mechanism.ResultsSitobion avenaestarted to differentiate winged or wingless morphs at the second instar, the winged aphids were fully determined at the third instar, and their wings were fully developed at the fourth instar. After migration, the aphid flight muscles degenerated via programmed cell death, which is evidenced by a Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling assay. Then, we identified a list of differentially expressed genes before and after tethered flights using differential-display reverse transcription-PCR. One of the differentially expressed genes, ubiquitin-ribosomal S27a, was confirmed using qPCR. Ubiquitin-ribosomal S27a is drastically up regulated following the aphids’ migration and before the flight muscle degeneration. Our data suggested that aphid flight muscles degenerate after migration. During flight muscle degeneration, endogenous proteins may be degraded to reallocate energy for reproduction.
Early initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers of aged less than 12 months children in rural eastern zone, Tigray, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study
Authors: Gebremeskel Senait Gebreslasie , Gebru Tesfay Tsegay , Gebrehiwot Berhanu Gebresilassie , Meles Hadush Negash , Tafere Betell Berhane , Gebreslassie Guesh Welu , Welay Fisseha Tekulu , Mengesha Meresa Berwo , Weldegeorges Desta Abraha 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to assess early initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers of aged less than 12 months children in the rural eastern zone, Tigray, Ethiopia.

Results
Totally 803 mother–child pairs were participated in this study with a response rate of 99.25%. Out of this, 787 mothers had ever breastfed their children. Four hundred eighty-seven (61.9%) mothers initiated breastfeeding within 1 h after they gave birth. Mothers having an educational status of primary education were about 2 times more likely to initiate breastfeeding within 1 h of birth [AOR: 1.99, 95% CI 1.36–2.92] and those mothers having secondary education and above were 3.23 times more likely to start breastfeeding [AOR = 3.23, 95% CI 1.99–5.26]. Mothers who had mistimed pregnancy were 58% less likely to initiate breastfeeding within 1 h of birth [AOR: 0.42, 95% CI 0.27–0.65]. On the other hand, mothers who had delivered their child vaginally were 4.6 times more likely to start early initiation of breast feeding [AOR: 4.59, 95% CI 1.99–10.56].
Detecting multiple differentially methylated CpG sites and regions related to dimensional psychopathology in youths
Authors: Spindola Leticia M. , Santoro Marcos L. , Pan Pedro M. , Ota Vanessa K. , Xavier Gabriela , Carvalho Carolina M. , Talarico Fernanda , Sleiman Patrick , March Michael , Pellegrino Renata , Brietzke Elisa , Grassi-Oliveira Rodrigo , Mari Jair J. , Gadelha Ary , Miguel Euripedes C. , Rohde Luis A. , Bressan Rodrigo A. , Mazzotti Diego R. , Sato João R. , Salum Giovanni A. , Hakonarson Hakon , Belangero Sintia I. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric symptomatology during late childhood and early adolescence tends to persist later in life. In the present longitudinal study, we aimed to identify changes in genome-wide DNA methylation patterns that were associated with the emergence of psychopathology in youths from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort (HRC) for psychiatric disorders. Moreover, for the differentially methylated genes, we verified whether differences in DNA methylation corresponded to differences in mRNA transcript levels by analyzing the gene expression levels in the blood and by correlating the variation of DNA methylation values with the variation of mRNA levels of the same individuals. Finally, we examined whether the variations in DNA methylation and mRNA levels were correlated with psychopathology measurements over time.MethodsWe selected 24 youths from the HRC who presented with an increase in dimensional psychopathology at a 3-year follow-up as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The DNA methylation and gene expression data were compared in peripheral blood samples (n = 48) obtained from the 24 youths before and after developing psychopathology. We implemented a methodological framework to reduce the effect of chronological age on DNA methylation using an independent population of 140 youths and the effect of puberty using data from the literature.ResultsWe identified 663 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and 90 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with the emergence of psychopathology. We observed that 15 DMPs were mapped to genes that were differentially expressed in the blood; among these, we found a correlation between the DNA methylation and mRNA levels ofRB1CC1and a correlation between the CBCL and mRNA levels ofKMT2E.Of the DMRs, three genes were differentially expressed:ASCL2, which is involved in neurogenesis;HLA-E, which is mapped to the MHC loci; andRPS6KB1, the gene expression of which was correlated with an increase in the CBCL between the time points.ConclusionsWe observed that changes in DNA methylation and, consequently, in gene expression in the peripheral blood occurred concurrently with the emergence of dimensional psychopathology in youths. Therefore, epigenomic modulations might be involved in the regulation of an individual’s development of psychopathology.
Node importance evaluation method based on multi-attribute decision-making model in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yin Rongrong , Yin Xueliang , Cui Mengdi , Xu Yinghan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIdentifying important nodes is very crucial to design efficient communication networks or contain the spreading of information such as diseases and rumors. The problem is formulated as follows: given a network, which nodes are the more important? Most current studies did not incorporate the structure change as well as application features of a network. Aiming at the node importance evaluation in wireless sensor networks, a new method which ranks nodes according to their structural importance and performance impact is proposed. Namely, this method considers two aspects of the network, network structural characteristics and application requirements. This method integrates four indicators which reflect the node importance, namely, node degree, number of spanning trees, delay, and network energy consumption. Firstly, the changes in the four indicators are analyzed using the node deletion method. Then, the TOPSIS multi-attribute decision-making method is applied to merge these four evaluation indicators. On this basis, a more comprehensive evaluation method (MADME) for node importance is obtained. Theory study reveals MADME method saves computational time. And the simulation results show the superiority of the MADME method over various algorithms such as the N-Burt method, betweenness method, DEL-Node method, and IE-Matrix method. The accuracy of the evaluation can be improved, and the key nodes determined by the MADME method have a more obvious effect on the network performance. Our method can provide guidance on influential node identification in the network.
An intermixed iteration for constrained convex minimization problem and split feasibility problem
Authors: Saechou Kanyanee , Kangtunyakarn Atid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we first introduce the two-step intermixed iteration for finding the common solution of a constrained convex minimization problem, and also we prove a strong convergence theorem for the intermixed algorithm. By using our main theorem, we prove a strong convergence theorem for the split feasibility problem. Finally, we apply our main theorem for the numerical example.
Global large solutions to the planar magnetohydrodynamics equations with constant heat conductivity
Authors: Li Wei , Shang Zhaoyang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper is concerned with global existence of large solutions to the initial-boundary value problem of the planar magnetohydrodynamic compressible flow. Under the assumptions that viscosity and heat conductivity coefficients are constants, magnetic diffusion is a function of the specific volume, we obtain the global existence of strong solutions. Some new methods are developed to deal with the complex interaction between the hydrodynamic and magnetodynamics effects.
The critical exponent for fast diffusion equation with nonlocal source
Authors: Yang Chunxiao , Kong Linghua , Wu Yingxue , Tian Qing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper considers the Cauchy problem for fast diffusion equation with nonlocal source$u_{t}=\Delta u^{m}+ (\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}u^{q}(x,t)\,dx )^{\frac{p-1}{q}}u^{r+1}$ut=Δum+(∫Rnuq(x,t)dx)p−1qur+1, which was raised in [Galaktionov et al. in Nonlinear Anal. 34:1005–1027, 1998]. We give the critical Fujita exponent$p_{c}=m+\frac{2q-n(1-m)-nqr}{n(q-1)}$pc=m+2q−n(1−m)−nqrn(q−1), namely, any solution of the problem blows up in finite time whenever$1< p\le p_{c}$1<p≤pc, and there are both global and non-global solutions if$p>p_{c}$p>pc.
Shape optimization of turbine blade cooling system using topological sensitivity analysis method
Authors: Ghezaiel Emna , Hassine Maatoug , Abdelwahed Mohamed , Chorfi Nejmeddine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The topological sensitivity analysis method gives the variation of a criterion with respect to the creation of a small hole in the domain. In this paper, we use this method to solve an inverse problem related to the turbine blade cooling. The aim is to optimize the hole characteristics created in the blade vane in order to improve the behavior of the cooling system. A topological optimization algorithm is proposed and some numerical results, showing the efficiency of our approach, are presented.
HaRD: a heterogeneity-aware replica deletion for HDFS
Authors: Ciritoglu Hilmi Egemen , Murphy John , Thorpe Christina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) is responsible for storing very large data-sets reliably on clusters of commodity machines. The HDFS takes advantage of replication to serve data requested by clients with high throughput. Data replication is a trade-off between better data availability and higher disk usage. Recent studies propose different data replication management frameworks that alter the replication factor of files dynamically in response to the popularity of the data, keeping more replicas for in-demand data to enhance the overall performance of the system. When data gets less popular, these schemes reduce the replication factor, which changes the data distribution and leads to unbalanced data distribution. Such an unbalanced data distribution causes hot spots, low data locality and excessive network usage in the cluster. In this work, we first confirm that reducing the replication factor causes unbalanced data distribution when using Hadoop’s default replica deletion scheme. Then, we show that even keeping a balanced data distribution using WBRD (data-distribution-aware replica deletion scheme) that we proposed in previous work performs sub-optimally on heterogeneous clusters. In order to overcome this issue, we propose a heterogeneity-aware replica deletion scheme (HaRD). HaRD considers the nodes’ processing capabilities when deleting replicas; hence it stores more replicas on the more powerful nodes. We implemented HaRD on top of HDFS and conducted a performance evaluation on a 23-node dedicated heterogeneous cluster. Our results show that HaRD reduced execution time by up to 60%, and 17% when compared to Hadoop and WBRD, respectively.
Are baseline ultrasound and mammographic features associated with rates of pathological completes response in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer?
Authors: Savaridas Sarah L. , Sim Yee Ting , Vinnicombe Sarah J. , Purdie Colin A. , Thompson Alastair M. , Evans Andy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Increasing numbers of breast cancer patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). We seek to investigate whether baseline mammographic and ultrasound features are associated with complete pathological response (pCR) after NACT.

Methods
A database of NACT patients was reviewed. Baseline imaging parameters assessed were ultrasound: posterior effect; echo pattern; margin and lesion diameter; mammography: spiculation and microcalcification. Core biopsy grade and immunophenotype were documented. Data were analysed for the whole study group and by immunophenotype.

Results
Of the 222 cancers, 83 (37%) were triple negative (TN), 61 (27%) ER positive/HER-2 negative and 78 (35%) HER-2 positive. A pCR occurred in 46 of 222 cancers (21%). For the whole group, response was associated with high core biopsy grade (grade 3 vs. grade 1 or 2) (26% vs. 9%, p = 0.0044), absence of posterior shadowing on ultrasound (26% vs. 10%, p <  0.001) and the absence of mammographic spiculation (26 vs. 6%, p <  0.001). Within the HER-2 positive group; the absence of shadowing and spiculation remained highly associated with pCR, in addition to small ultrasound size (AUC = 0.71, p < 0.001) and the absence of microcalcification (39% vs. 21%, p < 0.02). On multivariable analysis absence of spiculation and core grade remained significant for the whole cohort, size and absence of spiculation remained significant for HER-2 positive tumours. No feature predicted pCR in TN tumours.

Conclusion
A pCR is less likely when there is mammographic spiculation. Small ultrasound size is associated with pCR in HER-2 positive tumours. These findings may be helpful when discussing NACT and surgical options with patients.

Trial registration
UK Clinical Trials Gateway: registration number 16712.