bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Motivasi Belajar dengan Hasil Belajar Geografi Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Kurau dan SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Makmur
Authors: Iswayuni Desy , Adyatma Sidharta , Rahman Akhmad Munaya 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Motivasi Belajar dengan Hasil Belajar Geografi siswa SMA Negeri 1 Kurau dan SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Makmur. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah angket motivasi belajar intrinsik 20 soal dan motivasi belajar ekstrinsik 13 soal. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa jurusan IPS di SMA Negeri 1 Kurau dan SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Makmur. Motivasi belajar intrinsik dan ekstrinsik siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Kurau tergolong sedang hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa motivasi belajar intrinsik siswa SMA Negeri 1 Kurau adalah sebesar 75% dan motivasi belajar ekstrinsik sebesar 67%. Motivasi belajar intrinsik dan ekstrinsik di SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Makmur juga tergolong sedang dengan nilai persentase motivasi belajar instrinsik 74% dan motivasi belajar ekstrinsik 72%.Hasil perhitungan analisis data di SMA Negeri 1 Kurau menunjukan nilai rhitung> rtabel (0,501>0,1449) dan harga sig. (2-tailed)< nilai probabilitas (0,000>0,05) yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara motivasi belajar siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Kurau. Besarnya pengaruh motivasi belajaar terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran Geografi menunjukan angka 28,2% dengan 71,8% nya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain seperti . Hasil perhitungan analisis data di SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Makmur menunjukan nilai rhitung > rtabel (0,448>0,1181) dan harga sig.(2-tailed)<nilai probabilitas (0,000>0,05) yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara motivasi belajar siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Bumi Makmur. Besarnya pengaruh motivasi belajaar terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran Geografi menunjukan angka 22,8% dengan 55,2% nya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.Kata kunci: Motivasi Belajar, Hasil Belajar, dan Geografi.
Adiposité et génétique chez le porc : état des lieux et nouveaux enjeux pour la qualité des produits
Authors: SCHWOB Sandrine , LEBRET Bénédicte , LOUVEAU Isabelle 
Published: May 2020

L’adiposité des carcasses des porcs abattus en France s’est réduite en moyenne de 45 % entre 1977 et 2016. La production d’animaux de plus en plus maigres a été initiée dans les années 1950-1960 avec la mise en place des grilles de classement commercial des carcasses et de paiement différencié en fonction de leur teneur en tissus maigres, au détriment des tissus gras. Cette évolution a conduit à une standardisation de la production, entraînant des difficultés pour répondre à la demande qualitative de certains segments de marché. Toutefois, le gras connait actuellement un regain d’intérêt au sein de la filière porcine française. Les tissus gras présentent en effet de nombreux atouts, tant pour l’aptitude à la transformation en produits de charcuterie et salaison que pour les qualités sensorielles et nutritionnelles des produits. Cette synthèse fait le point sur les évolutions de l’amélioration génétique du porc en France en lien avec l’adiposité et la qualité des produits. Après un rappel des caractéristiques des tissus gras et leur intérêt pour les qualités des viandes et produits du porc, les facteurs de variation de l’adiposité et les caractères de quantité de gras pris en compte dans les programmes d’amélioration génétique sont présentés. Un état des lieux de la variabilité génétique de l’adiposité qui demeure au sein des populations porcines françaises (races sélectionnées et races locales) est dressé. Ce bilan permettra de définir les futures stratégies de sélection, afin de mieux répondre aux diverses attentes des industriels et des consommateurs.
Identification and Mitigation of Friction- and Cutting-Action-Induced Stick/Slip Vibrations with PDC Bits
Authors: Chen Shilin , Wisinger John , Dunbar Brad , Propes Chris 
Published: May 2020

Summary
In this paper, we provide some new insights into stick/slip vibration in drilling with polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits. Fifty-six field runs under various drilling conditions were collected with the help of on-bit vibration sensors. Stick/slip vibration occurrence during drilling was analyzed. Two types of stick/slip vibrations were identified: cutting-action-induced stick/slip and friction-induced stick/slip. Methods were developed to determine whether a stick/slip occurrence is induced by cutting action or by friction. Statistical analysis found that bit drilling efficiency (DE) is well correlated with the occurrence of cutting-action-induced bit stick/slip vibration. If a PDC bit is designed so that its DE is greater than a critical value, then the cutting-action-induced bit stick/slip vibration is not expected in drilling. Increasing the aggressiveness of the cutting structure of a PDC bit within a limited critical depth of cut is found to be helpful to mitigate bit stick/slip vibration.
Shifting Care from Hospital to Community, A Strategy to Integrate Care in Singapore: Process Evaluation of Implementation Fidelity
Authors: NURJONO MILAWATY , Shrestha Pami , Ang Ian Yi Han , Shiraz Farah , Eh Ke Xin , Toh Sue-Anne Ee Shiow , Vrijhoef Hubertus Johannes Maria 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Accessibility to efficient and person-centered healthcare delivery drives healthcare transformation in many countries. In Singapore, specialist outpatient clinics (SOCs) are commonly congested due to increasing demands for chronic care. To improve this situation, the National University Health System (NUHS) Regional Health System (RHS) started an integrated care initiative, the Right-Site Care (RSC) program in 2014. Through collaborations between SOCs at the National University Hospital and primary and community care (PCC) clinics in the western region of the county, the program was designed to facilitate timely discharge and appropriate transition of patients, who no longer required specialist care, to the community. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation fidelity of the NUHS RHS RSC program using the modified Conceptual Framework for Implementation Fidelity (CFIF), at three distinct levels; providers, organizational, and system levels to explain outcomes of the program and to inform further development of (similar) programs. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed methods study using the realist evaluation approach was used. Data were collected between 2016-2018 through non-participatory observations, reviews of medical records and program database, together with semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers. Triangulation of data streams was applied guided by the modified CFIF. Results: Our findings showed four out of six program components were implemented with low level of fidelity, and 9,112 suitable patients were referred to the program while 3,032 (33.3%) declined to be enrolled. Moderating factors found to influence fidelity included: (i) complexity of program, (ii) evolving providers’ responsiveness, (iii) facilitation through synergistic partnership, training of PCC providers by specialists and supportive structures: care coordinators, guiding protocols, shared electronic medical record and shared pharmacy, (iv) lack of organization reinforcement, and (v) mismatch between program goals, healthcare financing and providers’ reimbursement. Conclusion: Functional integration alone is insufficient for a successful right-site care program implementation. Improvement in relationships between providers, organizations, and patients are also warranted for further development of the program.
Epidemiology, vaccine effectiveness, and risk factors for mortality for pneumococcal disease among hospitalised adults in Singapore: a case-control study
Authors: Chan Tyson , Tay Min Zhi , Kyaw Win Mar , Chow Angela , Ho Hanley J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). This study evaluated factors associated with pneumococcal disease, pneumococcal vaccine effectiveness, and risk factors for all-cause mortality in hospitalised adults with pneumococcal disease in Singapore. Methods: Retrospective case-control study of patients tested for pneumococcal disease with streptococcal urinary antigen testing and at least one sterile site culture, during their admission to a tertiary hospital in Singapore from 2015-2017. Patients were defined as cases of IPD or non-IPD, or as controls, based on laboratory results and clinical diagnoses. Multivariable models were constructed to determine factors associated with IPD/non-IPD, and risk factors for mortality from pneumococcal disease. Vaccine effectiveness against IPD/non-IPD was estimated using a variation of the test-negative design. Results: We identified 496 pneumococcal disease cases, of whom 92 (18.5%) had IPD. The mean age of cases was 69.1±15.4yrs, and 65.5% were male. Compared with controls (N=9,181), IPD patients were younger (mean age 61.5±16.3yrs, vs 72.2±16.1yrs in controls; p<0.001) and with less co-morbidities [median Charlson’s score 1 (IQR 0-4), vs 3 (1-5) in controls; p<0.001]. IPD patients also had the highest proportions with intensive care unit (ICU) admission (20.7%), inpatient mortality (26.1%) and longest median length of stay [9 (IQR 8-17) days]. On multivariable analysis, IPD was negatively associated with prior pneumococcal vaccination (adjusted relative risk ratio=0.20, 95%CI 0.06–0.69; p=0.011). Risk factors for mortality among pneumococcal disease patients were ICU admission, diagnosis of IPD, age ≥85yrs and Charlson’s score >3.Conclusion: Patients with pneumococcal disease (especially IPD) were younger and had less co-morbidities than controls, but had higher risk of severe clinical outcomes and mortality. Pneumococcal vaccination effectivenessagainst IPD was estimated to be about 80%, and should be encouraged among high-risk patients.
How parents cope with the care of a child with epilepsy: Based upon grounded theory
Authors: nematollahi Monirsadat , Rabori Roghayeh Mehdi pour , Keshavarz Fatemeh , bagherian behnaz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: parents of children with epilepsy face health-related problems of their children. Coping strategies of parents, major caregivers, affect not only their stresses but also the children's quality of life. This study investigated the coping strategies of parents of children with epilepsy at two educational hospitals affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Method: twenty parents (15 mothers and 5 fathers), and three nurses were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected using qualitative semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the method suggested by Corbin and Strauss version 2008. The Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Results: the coping process had five phases: disbelief, patience, change to preserve, acceptance of the current situation, and self- empowerment.In summary, the parents of children with epilepsy had a five-phase coping strategy. The core category was "continued efforts of parents to restore calm."Conclusion: properly assessing the stresses of parents of children with epilepsy and their coping strategies may help medical staff and social workers provide more targeted support and balance the family function.
Longitudinal association between housing accessibility and activities of daily living: the role of self-efficacy and control in people ageing with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gefenaite Giedre , Björk Jonas , Iwarsson Susanne , Slaug Björn , Schmidt Steven M. , Nilsson Maria H 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundExternal housing-related control beliefs (HCB) and general self-efficacy (GSE) influence different health outcomes in the general ageing population, but there is no information of their role in people ageing with Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study aimed to longitudinally assess the role of external HCB and GSE on the association between housing accessibility and activities of daily living (ADL) among people ageing with PD.MethodsBaseline and 3-year follow-up data on 130 community-living participants from the Swedish project ‘Home and Health in People Ageing with PD’ were collected. Assessments addressed housing accessibility, external HCB, GSE, generic ADL and ADL specific to PD. The moderating effects of external HCB and GSE were assessed by including an interaction term in multivariable logistic regression.ResultsThere were statistically significant interactions between housing accessibility and GSE on ADL (p=0.03), and housing accessibility and external HCB on PD specific ADL (p=0.03). After stratifying the analyses by GSE, housing accessibility problems led to more dependence and difficulty in ADL in participants with low GSE (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.02-1.28). After stratifying by external HCB, housing accessibility increased dependence and difficulty in PD specific ADL in participants with low external HCB (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.03-1.76).DiscussionThe results suggest that housing accessibility predicts ADL in people with PD with GSE and external HCB playing a moderating role for generic ADL and ADL specific to PD, respectively. Further longitudinal studies should validate these findings and explore their potential application in PD-related care and rehabilitation.
Prdx1 Promotes the Loss of Primary Cilia in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Qiongzhen , Li Jinmeng , Yang Xiaoning , Ma Junfeng , Gong Fanghua , Liu Yu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Loss of primary cilia is frequently observed in tumor cells, suggesting that the absence of this organelle may promote tumorigenesis through aberrant signal transduction, the inability to exit the cell cycle, and promotion of tumor cell invasion. Primary cilia loss also occurs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells, but the molecular mechanisms that explain how ESCC cells lose primary cilia remain poorly understood.Methods: Inhibiting the expression of Prdx1 in the ESCC cells to detect the up-regulated genes related to cilium regeneration and down-regulated genes related to cilium disassembly by Gene chip. And, mice and cell experiments were carried to confirm the role of the HEF1-Aurora A-HDAC6 signaling axis in ESCC.Results: In this study, we found that silencing Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) restores primary cilia formation, and over-expressing Prdx1 induces primary cilia loss in ESCC cells. We also showed that the expression of Prdx1 regulates the action of the HEF1-Aurora A-HDAC6 signaling axis to promote the disassembly of primary cilia, and suppression of Prdx1 results in decreased tumor formation and tumor mass volume in vivo.Conclusions: These results suggest that Prdx1 is a novel regulator of primary cilia formation in ESCC cells.
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of maltose negative Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds
Authors: Karzis Joanne , Petzer Inge-Marié , Donkin Edward F. , Naidoo Vinny , Etter Eric M. C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The discovery of antimicrobials in the 1930s was one of the greatest achievements in medicine. However, bacterial resistance to antimicrobials was already observed in the 1940s and has been reported since then in both human and veterinary medicine, including in dairy cows. Many years of monitoring milk samples in South Africa, has led to the identification of a new strain of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which is maltose negative and appears to be an emerging pathogen. In this study the differences in susceptibility to antimicrobials of this strain were evaluated over time, over different seasons, in different provinces, and according to somatic cell count (SCC) categories. Results A data set of 271 maltose negative S. aureus isolates, cultured from milk samples from 117 herds out of the estimated 2000 commercial dairy herds in South Africa between 2010 and 2017, was studied using the disk diffusion method. This analysis was done using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints in order to compare using both the previous (Intermediate category grouped with Resistant) and current definitions, (Intermediate category grouped with Susceptible). The results of the analysis between the previous and the current definitions differed for tylosin, cefalonium, oxy-tetracycline and cloxacillin. Neither the analysis using the previous nor the current systems showed an effect of province for the maltose negative S. aureus. This was in contrast to the results for maltose positive S. aureus where differences between provinces were shown in a previous study, with the lowest prevalence of resistance shown in KwaZulu-Natal during spring. For the susceptibility testing of 57 maltose negative and 57 maltose positive S. aureus isolates from 38 farms, from KwaZulu Natal, Eastern Cape and Western Cape. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results for the maltose negative S. aureus isolates confirmed the results of the disk diffusion method. Conclusions The maltose negative strains of S. aureus differed in general, in their antimicrobial resistance patterns over time, in comparison to maltose-positive S. aureus strains. MIC testing also indicated that more multidrug -resistant isolates were seen with the maltose negative S. aureus than in the maltose positive strains.
The Meta-Memory Ratio: A new cohort-independent way to measure cognitive awareness in asymptomatic individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Gagliardi Geoffroy Pierre , Houot Marion , Cacciamani Federica , Habert Marie-Odile , Dubois Bruno , Epelbaum Stéphane 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Lack of Awareness for Cognitive Decline (ACD) has been described at the preclinical and prodromal stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we introduced a meta-memory ratio (MMR), and explored how it is associated with neuroimaging AD biomarkers in asymptomatic individuals at risk for AD.Method: 448 cognitively healthy participants from two cohorts of subjective memory complainers (INSIGHT- PreAD and ADNI) were included. Regression models were used to assess the impact of AD biomarkers on the MMR.Result: In both cohorts, there was a significant quadratic effect of cerebral amyloidosis on the MMR value. In particular, participants had a high ACD up to the amyloid positivity threshold, above which a decrease of ACD was eventually observed as the amyloid load increased. Conclusion: This nonlinear evolution of ACD in very early AD must be taken into account in clinical care and for trial enrollment as well.
Differential responsiveness to BRAF inhibitors of melanoma cell lines BRAF V600E-mutated﻿
Authors: Hashmi Muna Al , Konduru Seetharama S , Silcock Lee , Chouchane Lotfi , Mattei Valentina , James Nicola , Mathew Rebecca , Bedognetti Davide , De Giorgi Valeria , Murtas Daniela , Liu Wei , Chouchane Aouatef , Temanni Ramzi , Seliger Barbara , Wang Ena , Marincola Francesco M. , Tomei Sara 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND. Most mutations in melanoma affect one critical amino acid on BRAF gene, resulting in the V600E substitution. Patient management is often based on the use of specific inhibitors targeting this mutation. METHODS. DNA and RNA mutation status were assessed in 15 melanoma cell lines by Sanger sequencing and RNA-seq. We tested the cell lines responsiveness to BRAF inhibitors (vemurafenib and PLX4720, BRAF-specific and sorafenib, BRAF non -specific). Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay. BRAF V600E RNA expression was assessed by qPCR. Expression level of phosphorylated-ERK protein was assessed by Western Blotting as marker of BRAF activation.RESULTS. Three cell lines were discordant in the mutation detection (BRAF V600E at DNA level/Sanger sequencing and BRAF WT on RNA-seq). We initially postulated that those cell lines may express only the WT allele at the RNA level although mutated at the DNA level. A more careful analysis showed that they express low level of BRAF RNA and the expression may be in favor of the WT allele.We tested whether the discordant cell lines responded differently to BRAF-specific inhibitors. Their proliferation rate decreased after treatment with vemurafenib and PLX4720 but was not affected by sorafenib, suggesting a BRAF V600E biological behavior. Yet, responsiveness to the BRAF specific inhibitors was lower as compared to the control. Western Blot analysis revealed a decreased expression of p-ERK protein in the BRAF V600E control cell line and in the discordant cell lines upon treatment with BRAF-specific inhibitors. The discordant cell lines showed a lower responsiveness to BRAF inhibitors when compared to the BRAF V600E control cell line.The results obtained from the inhibition experiment and molecular analyses were also confirmed in three additional commercial cell lines.CONCLUSION. Cell lines carrying V600E mutations at the DNA level may respond differently to BRAF targeted treatment potentially due to a lower V600E RNA expression.
Improving the effectiveness of point of care tests for malaria and anaemia: A qualitative study across three Ghanaian antenatal clinics
Authors: Palmer Tanith , Aiyenigba Abiola O , Bates Imelda , Okyere Doris Dokua , Tagbor Harry , Ampofo Gifty Dufie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Anaemia and malaria are both major contributors to maternal and child mortality, and morbidity, with some of the worst outcomes occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. Point of care tests (POCT), if used appropriately, provide a simple, inexpensive form of diagnostic testing, as a reliable alternative when laboratory tests are not readily available. In such resource limited settings, clinical staff tend to rely on symptom-based diagnosis and presumptive treatment. This study uses qualitative methods to identify the current practice of POCT use for malaria and anaemia, to explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation of these POCT, and to determine how relationships between each of the stakeholder groups may impact on POCT use. Methods Staff (clinical and laboratory) and patients (pregnant women) at three antenatal care facilities within the Ashanti Region of Ghana participated in interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). An initial coding framework was developed based on the pre-defined objectives of the study. Thematic analysis was used to identify subthemes and categories within each of the key themes. Results At the time data were collected all three facilities used malaria POCT either as an adjunct to microscopy, or as their only form of malaria testing. Although all three facilities were familiar with haemoglobin colour scale (HCS), none of the facilities used them routinely. Clinical staff perceived symptom-based diagnosis was a quick way to diagnosis because access to POCT during consultations was unreliable, but recognized disadvantages associated with symptom-based diagnosis. Perceived advantages of malaria and anaemia POCT were user-friendliness, improved diagnosis and opportunity for patient engagement, as well as lower cost implication for patients. Perceived disadvantages included likelihood of missed diagnosis of mild anaemia, as well as likelihood of human error leading to in accurate diagnosis which could impact on patient trust. Poor communication and lack of trust between staff groups was also identified as a barrier to effective uptake of POCT. Conclusions Consistent supply of POCT as well as staff training and staff and patient engagement, are fundamental to successful uptake of POCT for effective malaria and anaemia management.