bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced insulin resistance partly mediated the association of high dietary magnesium intake with less metabolic syndrome in a large Chinese population
Authors: Yang Na , He Liyun , Li Yuxiu , Xu Lingling , Ping Fan , Li Wei , Zhang Huabing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background High dietary magnesium intake may reduce insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, previous studies were inconsistent in Asian population and there have been no study about the mediation of IR in the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and MetS. Thus, this cross-sectional analysis aimed to evaluate the association between dietary magnesium intake, IR and MetS using data from China Health and Nutrition Survey. Methods Dietary magnesium intake was defined as daily dietary magnesium intake divided by body weight. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for IRand the prevalence of MetS across the quartile categories of dietary magnesium intake. Results 8,254 participants were included in final analysis. We found a significant negative association between dietary magnesium intake and IR, the multivariable-adjusted OR for HOMA-IR comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of dietary magnesium intake was 0.435 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.376 to 0.502). The prevalence of the MetS was 33.5%, 24.9%, 18.4% and 13.4% for increasing quartiles of dietary magnesium intake (p <0.001). The direct effect and indirect effect of dietary magnesium on MetS was found significant, and the calculated percentage of mediation was 23.0%. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a significant and independent negative relationship among weight adjusted dietary magnesium intake, HOMA-IR and MetS in a large Chinese population. IR partly mediated the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and MetS.Keywords: diet magnesium intake; metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance; Chinese population; mediation effect
The clinical value of passive leg raising plus ultrasound to predict fluid responsiveness in children after cardiac surgery
Authors: Luo Deqiang , Dai Wei , Lei Lei , cai xueying 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: There are few non-invasive monitoring methods that can reliably predict FR in children, this article aims to investigate the value of the doppler ultrasound evaluation of passive leg raising (PLR) induced changes in stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output(CO) in predicting the fluid responsiveness (FR) in children with mechanical ventilation after congenital cardiac surgery. Methods: A total of 40 children with mechanical ventilation after congenital cardiac surgery who requiring volume expansion (VE) were eventually included in this observational study. Hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure, SV, and central venous pressure (CVP) were monitored before and after PLR and VE respectively, and changes of SV and CO were assessed by bedside ultrasound as well. The patients showing an increase in SV >10% in response to VE were considered responders (26 patients), and the rest were defined as nonresponders (14 patients). Results: The results showed that ΔSV-PLR and ΔCO- PLR were positively correlated with ΔSV-VE (r = 0.683, P<0.001 and r= 0.374, P = 0.017, respectively), and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of ΔSV-PLR was 0.879 (95% CI [0.745 1.000], P < 0.001). The best cut-off value of ΔSV-PLR for predicting FR was 13%, with its sensitivity and specificity was 81.8% and 86.3%, respectively. ΔCVP, ΔHR, and ΔMAP were weak predictive FR in children patients. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that SV changes assessed by noninvasive ultrasound combined with PLR could be a feasible method for evaluating fluid responsiveness in children with congenital cardiac surgery and mechanical ventilation. Keywords: congenital heart surgery; fluid responsiveness; passive leg raising; ultrasound.
Clear cell tumor of the lung Could Be Aggressive: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: shen leilei , LIN Jixing , REN Zhipeng , WANG Bailin , Liu You , Yuan Jing , ZHAN Lianbin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Clear cell tumor of the lung (CCTL) is a rare and mostly benign pulmonary neoplasm arising from perivascular epithelioid cells. Only about 100 cases have been reported and half of them were in China. Limited details about CCTL often cause diagnostic or therapeutic problems. Case presentation: We describe a case of 28-year-old woman with gradually increased and enlarged multiple nodules in the left lower lobe. The patient underwent a fine-needle aspiration biopsy and was considered as CCTL. A left lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed. The gradual changes in size (1.4 cm to 2.8 cm) and quantity (10 to 49) of CCTL in this case was the biggest difference from previously reported cases. Conclusions: CCTL is a very uncommon and mostly benign PEComatous tumor with no specific morphologic features. We present a case of CCTL with multiplicity and rapid growth, which may indicate its aggressive nature. The accumulation of similar cases will help clarify its exact disease nature and to improve our understanding of such tumor.
Applying 3D-Eco Routing Model to Reduce Environmental Footprint of Road Transports in Addis Ababa City
Authors: Busho Seifu Woldemichael , Alemayehu Daniel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Climate change has emerged as a very important threat to economic development, atmosphere, and public health. One of the driving factors for global climate change was road transportation. therefore, this sector needs a responsibility of reducing its effect on the environment. this study finds ways to mitigate climate change impacts on environment especially greenhouse gas emissions and other selected air pollutants by anew navigation concept called eco route by applying a 3D Eco -Routing Model to reduce the environmental footprints of road transports in Addis Ababa city for distribution vehicles. The applied model in this study considered the road gradient, varying velocity or speed of vehicles, and weight of vehicles to evaluate gradient effects on consumption of fuel, CO 2 and also other air pollutants emission, the model is applied in three scenarios within different vehicle weight range and three different cases in the city of Addis Ababa, political capital of Africa, The attained results imply eco-routes emission Reduction potentials up to 39.81% from fuel and CO 2 and 25.65% from other air pollutant in the tested scenarios. The results showed that Eco Routes have the ability of reducing Fuel consumption, CO 2 and other air pollutant emission rate. Such potentials of eco routes make them an ecological solution for a future sustainable transportation in Addis Ababa City. This study recommends the use of Eco Routes, rather than Fastest and Shortest Routes, where significant road gradients exist.
Acquisition of Oral Microbiota is Driven by Environment, Not Host Genetics
Authors: Mukherjee Chiranjit , Moyer Christina O. , Steinkamp Heidi M. , Hashmi Shahr B. , Guo Xiaohan , Ni Ai , Leys Eugene J. , Griffen Ann L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The oral microbiota is acquired very early, but the factors shaping its acquisition are not well understood. Previous studies comparing monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins have suggested that host genetics plays a role. However, all twins share an equal portion of their parent’s genome, so this model is not informative for studying parent-to-child transmission. We used a novel study design that allowed us to directly examine the genetics of transmission by comparing the oral microbiota of biological versus adoptive mother-child dyads. Results: No difference was observed in how closely oral bacterial community profiles matched for adoptive versus biological mother-child pairs, indicating little if any effect of host genetics on the fidelity of transmission. Both adopted and biologic children more closely resembled their own mother as compared to unrelated women, supporting the role of contact and environment. Mother-child strain similarity increased with the age of the child, ruling out early effects that are lost over time. No effect on the fidelity of mother-child strain sharing from vaginal birth or breast feeding was seen. Analysis of extended families showed that fathers and mothers were equally similar to their children, and that cohabitating couples showed even greater strain similarity than mother-child pairs. These findings support the role of contact and shared environment, and age, but not genetics, as determinants of microbial transmission, and were consistent at both species and strain level resolutions, and across multiple oral habitats. In addition, analysis of individual species all showed similar results. Conclusions: The host is clearly active in shaping the composition of the oral microbiome, since only a few of the many bacterial species in the larger environment are capable of colonizing the human oral cavity. Our findings suggest that these host mechanisms are universally shared among humans, since no effect of genetic relatedness on fidelity of microbial transmission could be detected. Instead our findings point towards contact and shared environment being the driving factors of microbial transmission, with a unique combination of these factors ultimately shaping the highly personalized human oral microbiome.
Nutrient gradients simulate different adjustments of coral-algal symbiosis
Authors: Tong Haoya , Zhou Guowei , Zhang Fang , Sun Jin , Zhang Weipeng , Huang Hui , Qian Pei-Yuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Eutrophication is one of the major causes of coral reef degradation but the effect of eutrophication on coral and its symbiont algae remains unclear, particularly for the larval stage of coral. In the present study, the physiological and transcriptomic responses of the larvae of an ecologically important scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis were analyzed after a 5-day exposure to elevated nitrate in order to assess the survival and adaptation of coral-algal symbiosis under elevated nutrients. Results: The results showed that multiple larval transcripts were significantly correlated with Symbiodiniaceae transcripts. The major differentially expressed transcripts in coral/Symbiodiniaceae included those responsible for energy synthesis/comsumption, nitrogen metabolism and stressor response. Slightly elevated nitrate concentration could in fact promote the health of coral meta-organism. With increase in nitrate concentrations, coral larvae showed significant stress response to maintain the coral-algal symbiosis and coral-algal symbiosis was impaired, while Symbiodiniaceae switched photosynthetic states for ATP synthesis, material transport and nitrogen metabolism for symbiosis maintenance under the control of the coral hosts.Conclusions: Our results suggest that adjustment of coral-algal symbiosis via coral control and a shift in Symbiodiniaceae photosynthetic states serves as the basis of coral meta-organism adaptation under eutrophication stresses. The larvae of P. damicornis and Symbiodiniaceae displayed different transcriptomic responses to nitrate enrichment. Coral larva meta-organism can adapt to moderately elevated nutrient concentration while extreme eutrophication can impair coral-algal symbiosis and affect coral larvae survival ultimately.
Fungal succession in decomposing woody debris across a tropical forest disturbance gradient: A field experiment
Authors: Dossa Gbadamassi G.O. , Yang Yun-Qiang , Hu Weiming , Paudel Ekananda , Schaefer Douglas , Yang Yong-Ping , Cao Kun-Fang , Xu Jian-Chu , Bushley Kathryn E. , Harrison Rhett D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Fungi are essential agents in decomposing woody debris (WD), an important carbon pool in forests. However, the ecology and dynamics of these fungal communities are poorly understood, especially in tropical forests. A better understanding of anthropogenic impacts, such as forest disturbances, on WD decomposition is also needed to appreciate their consequences on ecosystem functioning. Here, we examined the impacts of forest degradation and roles of fungal diversity and composition on WD decomposition rates across a disturbance gradient in a tropical montane rain forest in Xishuangbanna, SW China over three years. We measured wood specific gravity (WSG) loss from 280 logs from Litsea cubeba (low-WSG) and Castanopsis mekongensis (high-WSG). We concomitantly monitored fungal communities from 418 samples using next-generation sequencing after 0, 18 and 36 months field exposure. Results: Incubation time, habitat and termite presence were key drivers of fungal community composition. Fungal community succession showed a priority effect of precedent communities. C. mekongensis WD consistently harbored ~1.4 times less fungal species than L. cubeba , but had ~1.4 times more unique operational taxonomic unit (OTU) at 18 mo. Shared OTUs between wood species increased with time up to ~63 % at 36 mo. Regardless of wood species, fungal diversity and both saprotrophs and white-rot abundances peaked at 18 months. However, fungal diversity was not a significant predictor of WSG loss. WSG loss did not vary among habitats. This may result from compensatory changes in dominant functional traits, such as decay mechanisms (e.g., proportion of white rot-fungi, soft-rot fungi). For example white- rot fungal proportions were double in open land compared to mature forest. Likewise, more saprothrophs colonized high-WSG wood. Finally, ascomycetes (mainly Sordariomycetes and Dothiodeomycetes) and basidiomycetes (mostly Agaricomycetes) were dominant fungal groups. Open land was dominated by Trichoderma, regenerating forest by Herpothrichiellaceae and mature forest by Penicillium . Conclusions: White- and soft-rot fungi co-dominated decomposition, with the later increasing through time. A succession of different fungal functional groups yielded similar decomposition rates across the disturbance gradient. Incorporating dominant fungal functional trait dynamics into biogeochemical models may improve predictions of carbon dynamics.
Host Genetic Determinants of the Vaginal Microbiome in Kenyan Women
Authors: Mehta Supriya D , Nannini Drew R , Otieno Fredrick , Green Stefan J. , Agingu Walter , Landay Alan , Zheng Yinan , Hou Lifang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Women with vaginal microbial community state types (CST) with high diversity and a paucity of Lactobacillus crispatus have increased risk of HIV acquisition. Identifying host genetic factors associated with the vaginal microbial composition may aid in elucidating the biological mechanisms regulating these microbial traits and inter-individual variations in associated diseases. Methods We conducted genome-wide associations studies (GWASs) on vaginal microbiome traits on 171 Kenyan women. Study participants were genotyped using the Infinium Global Screening Array and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed to characterize the vaginal microbiome. Linear and logistic regression were performed, adjusting for age and principal components of genetic ancestry, to evaluate the association between L. crispatus, L. iners, G. vaginalis, Shannon diversity index, and CST with host genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify biological processes putatively associated with the vaginal microbiome traits. Results At baseline, the median age of study participants was 22 years (IQR: 22 – 25) with 22% having Bacterial vaginosis (Nugent score 7-10). L. crispatus and L. iners were present in 24% and 83% of samples with a mean relative abundance of 31% and 45%, respectively. The most significant SNPs associated were: rs73330467 located between LOC101927488-GRAMD2B ( P =4.79x10 -6 ) for L. crispatus ; rs527430 in the FOXD2-TRABD2B ( P =6.98x10 -7 ) region for L. iners ; rs1229660 in the SNX10-LOC441204 ( P =4.65x10 -6 ) region for G. vaginalis; rs972741 in the ZKSCAN2-HS3ST4 ( P =8.52x10 -7 ) region for Shannon diversity index; and rs2302902 in ELK3 ( P =3.09x10 -6 ) for CST. During pathway enrichment analysis, Toll-like receptors, cytokine production, and other components of innate immune response were associated with L. crispatus, L. iners, and CST. Multiple genomic loci were replicated, including IL-8 (Shannon, CST), TIRAP ( L. iners , Shannon), TLR2 (Shannon, CST), MBL2 ( L. iners , G. vaginalis , CST), and MYD88 ( L. iners, Shannon). Conclusions We identified numerous genetic loci on several pathways related to host immunity and infection that were associated with vaginal microbiome traits, providing insight into potential host genetic influences on vaginal microbiome composition. This new information should guide larger longitudinal studies, with genetic and functional comparison across microbiome sites within individuals, and across populations.
Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells and metabolic signatures in lung cancer after surgical removal
Authors: Yang Dawei , Yang Xiaofang , Li Yang , Zhao Peige , Fu Rao , Ren Tianying , Hu Ping , Wu Yaping , Yang Hongjun , Guo Na 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Lung cancer (LC) remains the deadliest form of cancer globally. While surgery remains the optimal treatment strategy for individuals with early-stage LC, what the metabolic consequences are of such surgical intervention remains uncertain. Methods Negative enrichment-fluorescence in situ hybridization (NE-FISH) was used in an effort to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pre- and post-surgery peripheral blood samples from 51 LC patients. In addition, targeted metabolomics analyses, multivariate statistical analyses, and pathway analyses were used to explore surgery-associated metabolic changes. Results LC patients had significantly higher CTC counts relative to healthy controls with 66.67% of LC patients having at least 1 detected CTC. CTC counts were associated with clinical outcomes following surgery. In a targeted metabolomics analysis, we detected 34 amino acids, 164 lipids, and 24 fatty acids. When comparing LC patients before and after surgery to control patients, metabolic shifts were detected via PLS-DA and pathway analysis. Further surgery-associated metabolic changes were identified when comparing LA and LB groups. We identified SM 42:4, Ser, Sar, Gln, and LPC 18:0 for inclusion in a biomarker panel for early-stage LC detection based upon an AUC of 0.965 (95% CI = 0.900–1.000). This analysis revealed that SM 42:2, SM 35:1, PC (16:0/14:0), PC (14:0/16:1), Cer (d18:1/24:1), and SM 38:3 may offer diagnostic and prognostic benefits in LC. Conclusions These findings suggest that CTC detection and plasma metabolite profiling may be an effective means of diagnosing early-stage LC and identifying patients at risk for disease recurrence.
Serum biomarkers discovery of steroid-induced femoral head osteonecrosis in Chinese female by comparative proteome
Authors: Zeng Ping , Zhang Chongxing , Zhou Yanqiong , Li Jinyi , Li Tao , Peng Dingding , Lai Chongrong , Liu Xiong , Chen Jinlong , Fan Siqi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a disabling, aseptic and ischemic disease due to excessive glucocorticoids (GCs) usage. Patients with SONFH are commonly asymptomatic, which makes its early diagnosis is challenge, the pathological mechanisms of SONFH are not well-known, the purpose of the present study was to screen diagnostic biomarkers for SONFH. Methods The differential expression of serum proteins from SONFH, traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (TONFH) patients and healthy volunteers (CK) in Chinese females was compared using iTRAQ, and potential diagnostic biomarkers were verified by western blotting. Results Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Domain and Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) analyses revealed key groups of proteins, pathways and domains differentially regulated among SONFH, TONFH and healthy volunteers in Chinese female, the results showed that peptidase S1, fibrinogen, transferrin, lipid transport domains and hematopoietic cell lineage, fat digestion, absorption, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathways were associated with the development of SONFH. Finally, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A protein (SAA1), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase were selected for verification of differential expression using western blotting. Conclusions Our data suggest that dysfunction of hematopoietic cell lineage, adhesion, fat digestion and absorption, PPAR pathways may be involved in the pathogenesis of SONFH, serum proteins SAA1, ORM1 could be used as new potential diagnostic biomarkers for SONFH.
Lactobacillus sakei suppresses collagen-induced arthritis and modulates the differentiation of T helper 17 cells and regulatory B cells
Authors: Jhun Jooyeon , Min Hong Ki , Ryu Jaeyoon , Lee Seon-Yeong , Ryu Jun-Geol , Choi Jeong Won , Na Hyun Sik , Jung Yunju , Park Sang-Jun , Park Myeong Soo , Kwon Bin , Ji Geun Eog , Cho Mi-La , Park Sung-Hwan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of Lactobacillus sakei in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in human immune cells. Methods: We evaluated whether L. sakei reduced the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and modulated interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-10 levels, as well as whether it affected the differentiation of CD4 + T cells and regulatory B cells. We evaluated osteoclastogenesis after culturing bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells with L. sakei. Results: The differentiation of T helper 17 cells and the serum level of IL-17 were suppressed by L. sakei in both human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mouse splenocytes. The serum level of IL-10 was significantly increased in the L. sakei -treated group, whereas the regulatory T cell population was unchanged. The population of regulatory B cells significantly increased the in L. sakei -treated group. Oral administration of L. sakei reduced the arthritis incidence and score in mice with CIA. Finally, osteoclastogenesis and the mRNA levels of osteoclast-related genes were suppressed in the L. sakei -treated group. Conclusion: L. sakei exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in an animal model of RA, regulated Th17 and regulatory B cell differentiation, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis. Our findings suggest that L. sakei has therapeutic potential for RA.