bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and causes of needlestick injuries among dental care providers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pournaghi-Azar Fatemeh , Mohseni Mohammad , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Derakhshani Naser , Azami-Aghdash Saber 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the prevalence and causes of NeedleStick Injuries (NSI) among dental care providers.Methods Data collection was carried out through searching the following key words: needlestick injuries, percutaneous injuries, epidemiology, prevalence, occurrence, etiology, risk factors. The following databases were searched: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, MagIran, Iranian Scientific Information Database (SID) and IranMedex. Moreover, some relevant journals and websites were searched manually and the reference lists of the selected articles were checked. In the final stage of the literature review, we searched the gray literature and contacted the experts whenever needed.Results From 765 articles reviewed, 31 cases were included in the study. In total, the needlestick injury history of 6,737 people (4,402 dentists, 1,000 Dental Health Care Workers (DHCWs) and 1,335 students) had been reported. The overall prevalence of NSI was 48% at an average of 11.1 months. About 69% of NSI cases were not reported. About 79% of the different groups of DHCWs had been vaccinated for the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The most important factors affecting the occurrence of NSI were categorized into two groups of individual factors (lapse in concentration, stress, lack of adequate trainings, and not using safety precautions) and patient-related factors (unexpected patient movements, anxious and uncooperative patients). The occurrence of NSI during treatment procedure (40.1 mean propotion), doing injections (34.2 mean propotion) and recapping (30 mean propotion) were the most important procedures causing NSI among dentists.Conclusion Results of the study show thatprevalence of NSI among DHCWs is high, incidence report of NSI is low and vaccination rate for prevention of bloodborne diseases is inadequate. In this regard it’s recommended to design and implemented comprehensive preventive measures to reduction of NSI prevalence, increase reporting of NSI and vaccination rate
NAC transcription factors in autopolyploid Saccharum spontaneum: genome-wide identification, expression pattern and a ‘Dry’ orthologous gene
Authors: Wang Hengbo , Wang Yongjun , Xiao Naiyan , Hua Xiuting , Zhang Muqing , Ming Ray , Zhang Jisen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The NAC acronym originates from these three genes (NAM, ATA1/2 and CUC2), and were proved to participate in plant development, sugar accumulation and stress tolerance. However, little information is available regarding these genes in sugarcane. The newly published sugarcane genome provided an opportunity to identify the SsNAC transcription factors. Results: In this study, a total of 151 NAC genes including 327 alleles were identified in the autopolyploid S. spontaneum genome and were distributed unevenly on eight chromosomes with the majority located on Chr 5(54, 16.51%), Chr 1(51, 15.60%) and Chr 2(51, 15.60%). 71.6%(234) and 12.53%(41) of SsNAC genes were mainly derived from segmental duplication and tandem duplication. Phylogeny analysis of NAC TF proteins by comparing NAC between sugarcane and Arabidopsis thaliana suggested that the NAC family can be divided into 15 subgroups with one subgroup unclassified. RNA-seq data analysis revealed that 82 SsNAC were expressed in 15 segments of the developmental gradient of the leaf and 74 SsNAC were presented in 12 different developmental stages, respectively. Remarkably, SsNAC genes of the ATAF subgroup presented the highest expression levels among the subgroups, and seven of eight SsNAC genes from the ATAF subgroup excluding SsNAC30 were present at much higher expression levels in the developmental gradient of the leaf than those in different developmental tissues types, indicating that the ATAF subgroup may have significant roles and participate in leaf growth and development and photosynthesis. Importantly, the NAC1 subgroup SsNAC91 gene, being orthologous to Sobic.006G147400 ( Dry gene ), displayed significantly higher expression levels in premature and mature stems of the low sucrose and low water content species S. spontaneum as opposed to the orthologous gene in the high sugar and high water content species S. officinarum . This suggests that the SsNAC91 gene may also play important roles in cellulose biosynthesis and water transport in sugarcane as it does in sorghum. Conclusions: This study provided the basis for the comprehensive genomic study of the SsNAC gene family and thus established a good foundation for the functional analyses of SsNAC genes which can be utilized to breed new varieties of sugarcane.
Exposure Assessment To Inhalable And Respirable Dust In The Post-Earthquake Construction Sites In The City Of L’aquila
Authors: Mastrantonio Riccardo , Civisca Angela , Lippolis Tamara , Inglese Enrica , Siciliano Eugenio , Pompei Domenico , Cococcetta Lucio , Scatigna Maria , Fabiani Leila 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Following an earthquake occurred in the middle Italy in 2009, the involved territory hosted in ten years thousands of construction sites. The aim of this study is to assess the chemical exposure of the construction workers involved in the reconstruction of the city. To assess the exposure we collected 91 air samples to quantify the occupational exposure to airborne dusts and free crystalline silica dusts.
Six construction companies joined the study and hosted the air sampling activities. We identified 4 work tasks: bricklayer and similar; scaffolder and carpenter; manual demolition; other tasks. Personal air sampling was performed by using the SKC AirCheck XR5000 sample pumps. Respirable dust and respirable crystalline silica dusts were collected by using a GS-3 Cyclones and 25 mm PVC filters; inhalable dust was collected by using a I.O.M. sampler and 25 mm PVC filters. The analyses were carried out by using gravimetric determination. Sampling time varied from 4 to 8 hours.
The geometric mean values of inhalable dust concentration for the work tasks was: 3,65 mg/m 3 for scaffolder and carpenter; 18,16 mg/m 3 for manual demolition workers; 8,76 mg/m 3 for bricklayer and similar; 6,33 mg/m 3 for other work tasks.
The geometric mean values of respirable dust concentration for the work tasks was: 0,67 mg/m 3 for scaffolder and carpenter; 0,92 mg/m 3 for manual demolition workers; 0,72 mg/m 3 for bricklayer and similar; 0,45 mg/m 3 for other work tasks.
About the Crystalline Free Silica dust exposure, the average concentration in mg/m 3 was: 0,0038 for manual demolition workers, 0,0057 for scaffolder and carpenter, 0,004 for bricklayer and similar, 0,0035 for other tasks.
The comparison of the results shows that manual demolition workers are exposed to considerably high levels of inhalable dusts, exceeding the ACGIH TLV-TWA limit of 10 mg/m 3 .
About the respirable dust concentration, none of the work tasks dust concentration exceeded the ACGIH TLV-TWA limit of 3 mg/m 3 .
Measurements of crystalline silica dust have shown levels below the threshold limit value of 0,025 mg/m 3 . This is in line with the average concentrations of respirable dust.
Physical Fitness and Long-term Blood Pressure Variability in Young Male Military Personnel
Authors: Lin Gen-Min , Tsai Kun-Zhe , Lin Chin-Sheng , Han Chih-Lu 
Published: November 2019

Aims:
The aim of this study is to investigate the association of physical fitness with longterm
Blood Pressure Variability (BPV) in young male adults.

Methods:
1,112 healthy military males, aged 18-40 years (mean age, 32 years), in Taiwan were
included for the current analysis. Resting blood pressures were measured over the right upper arm
in a sitting position every two years from 2012 to 2018 (2012-14, 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-18).
Long-term BPV by Standard Deviation (SDSBP and SDDBP) and Average Real Variability (ARVSBP
and ARVDBP) were assessed across 4 visits during the study period. Aerobic fitness was evaluated
by the time taken for a 3000-meter run test, and anaerobic fitness was evaluated by the number of
2-minute sit-ups and 2-minute push-ups.

Results:
After adjusting the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the time for a 3000-meter run was
associated with ARVSBP, SDSBP, and SDDBP (β [SE]: 0.007 [0.002], 0.004 [0.002], and 0.005
[0.002], respectively, all p <0.05) but not with ARVDBP. In addition, the number of 2-minute sit-ups
was inversely associated with ARVSBP (β [SE]: -0.041 [0.017], p =0.01) but not with ARVDBP,
SDSBP, and SDDBP. There was no association of the number of 2-minute push-ups with the BPV
indexes. After additionally adjusting the age, body mass index, and other covariates, all the associations
were found to be not significant.

Conclusion:
It was found that there was no association of physical fitness with long-term BPV in
young male military personnel. Previous studies have shown no association with cardiorespiratory
fitness in the elderly. This study further increased the knowledge of a null association between anaerobic
fitness and long-term BPV.
Social Media Use in Cardiovascular Imaging
Authors: Parwani Purvi , Lee James , Khalique Omar K. , Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara 
Published: November 2019

:
Social Media is a rising influence in the global world of cardiovascular medicine, allowing
for a dynamic approach to physician education, research dissemination and collaborative discussion.
The visual nature of social media platforms, particularly Twitter, lends itself particularly
well to the tremendous advances and stunning visuals of cardiac imaging. The hashtag “#cardiotwitter”
provides around the clock, asynchronous, ubiquitous, free education. It allows connection
among cardiac imagers across the world to share ideas and discuss contemporary issues pertaining
to multimodality imaging. This review highlights the role of social media in advancing the practice
of cardiac imaging and provides guidance on gaining visibility in the social media imaging community.
Activity of (-)-Camphene Derivatives Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Acidic pH
Authors: de Carvalho Hayalla Corrêa , Ieque Andressa Lorena , Valverde Tamires Leite , Baldin Vanessa Pietrowski , Meneguello Jean Eduardo , Campanerut-Sá Paula Aline Zanetti , Vandresen Fábio , Ghiraldi Lopes Luciana Dias , Passos Souza Mariana Regina , Santos Nathally Claudiane de Souza , Dias Siqueira Vera Lucia , Caleffi-Ferracioli Katiany Rizzieri , Lima Scodro Regiane Bertin , Cardoso Rosilene Fressatti 
Published: November 2019

Background:
For more than 60 years, the lack of new anti-tuberculosis drugs and the
increase of resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages exhibit a therapeutic challenge, demanding
new options for the treatment of resistant tuberculosis.

Objective:
Herein, we determined the (i) activities of (-)-camphene and its derivatives and (ii)
combinatory effect with pyrazinamide (PZA) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in acidic pH and
(iii) cytotoxicity on VERO cells.

Methods:
The activity of (-)-camphene and its 15 derivatives was determined in M. tuberculosis
H37Rv in culture medium at pH 6.0 by Resazurin Microtiter Assay Plate (REMA). The activity and
combinatory study of three (-)-camphene derivatives with PZA was carried out on seven multidrugresistant
(MDR) clinical isolates by REMA and Checkerboard, respectively. The assay of 3-(4,5-
dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) bromide in VERO cells was used to determine
the derivatives’ cytotoxicity.

Results:
Four (-)-camphene derivatives, (4), (5a) (5d) and (5h), showed a reduction in the MIC
value at pH 6.0 compared to the MIC detected at pH 6.8 in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and multidrug
resistant clinical isolates. Three (-)-camphene derivatives, (4), (5d) and (5h), showed synergistic
effect (FICI ≤ 0.5) combined with PZA and were more selective for M. tuberculosis than VERO
cell (selective index from 7.7 to 84.2).

Conclusion:
Three (-)-camphene derivatives have shown to be promising anti-TB molecule scaffolds
due to their low MIC values in acidic pH against MDR M. tuberculosis clinical isolates, synergism
with PZA and low cytotoxicity.
New Patent on Electrospinning for Increasing Rutin Loading in Nanofibers
Authors: Li Na , Qian Yongfang , Zhang Zhen , Wang Ying , Lve Lihua , Wei Chunyan 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The electrospinning and the bubble electrospinning provide facile ways for
the fabrication of functional nanofibers by incorporating rutin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion
complex (RT/HP-β-CD-IC) in Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Few patents on incorporation of rutin and cyclodextrin
in nanofibers has been reported.

Objective:
The study aimed at increasing the loading amount of rutin in the electrospun nanofibers to
obtain ultraviolet resistant property.

Methods:
Rutin was encapsulated in the cavity of RT/HP-β-CD and formed an inclusion complex.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was
used to verify the formation of inclusion complexes.

Results:
The results showed that the inclusion between rutin and HP-β-CD had been successfully
formed. The surface morphologies of nanofibrous membranes were characterized by Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM), which indicated that adding RT/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes had little influence
on the morphologies and diameters of the fibers. Ultraviolet resistant results also confirmed the
inclusion complex had increased the loading amount in the final nanofibrous mats, and thus had good
ultraviolet resistant properties.

Conclusion:
The formed inclusion complexes had obviously enhanced the loading amount of rutin in
electrospun PVA nanofibers, indicating that encapsulation of rutin in the cavity of HP-β-CD is a good
way to increase the loading amount.
An Investigation of the Anti-Parkinsonism Potential of Co-enzyme Q10 and Co-enzyme Q10 /Levodopa-carbidopa Combination in Mice
Authors: Onaolapo Olakunle J. , Odeniyi Ademola O. , Jonathan Stephen O. , Samuel Moyinoluwa O. , Amadiegwu Deborah , Olawale Ajoke , Tiamiyu Aisha O. , Ojo Folusho O. , Yahaya Hameed A. , Ayeni Oluwadamilare J. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Despite decades of research, neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson’s
disease remain a leading cause of disability worldwide, due to the insufficient reduction of disease
burden by available medications. Recently, the benefits of dietary supplements like co-enzyme Q10
in neurodegenerative diseases have been reported.

Aim:
The protective effects of supplemental co-enzyme Q10 (CQ10) and possible additive benefits
of CQ10/Levodopa-Carbidopa (LD) in Chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced Parkinsonism-like changes
in mice were investigated.

Methods:
Male mice were assigned to ten groups of 30 mice each. Groups included: Vehicle control
(fed Standard Diet (SD), and given intraperitoneal ip plus oral saline), LD group (fed SD, and given
ip saline plus oral LD), two groups fed CQ10-supplemented diet (at 60 and 120 mg/kg of feed), and
given ip plus oral saline, CPZ group (fed SD, and given ip CPZ plus oral saline), CPZ/LD group (fed
SD, and given ip CPZ plus oral LD), two groups fed CQ10-supplemented diet (at 60 and 120 mg/kg of
feed) and given ip CPZ plus oral saline, and another two groups fed CQ10-supplemented diet (at 60
and 120 mg/kg of feed) and given ip CPZ plus oral LD. The total duration of study was 21 days, and
treatments were administered daily. Bodyweight and food intake were measured weekly, while neurobehavioural
and biochemical tests were assessed at the end of the experimental period.

Results:
CQ10-supplementation was protective against CPZ-induced parkinsonism-like changes including,
reduction in mortality, the reversal of retardation of open-field behaviours and reduction of
catalepsy, increase in dopamine levels and decreased oxidative stress. CQ10 also showed significant
improvements in these parameters when co-administered with LD. CQ10 (in groups administered
CPZ/CQ10 60) showed greater benefit over LD on anxiety-related behaviours and also had additive
benefits on working-memory.

Conclusion:
Dietary CQ10-supplementation was associated with demonstrable benefits in CPZinduced
Parkinsonism-like changes in mice.
Improving the Awareness of Musculoskeletal Disorder Risks Among Dental Educators
Authors: Partido Brian B. , Henderson Rebecca P. , Kennedy Meredith 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProlonged and static postures among dental workforce personnel may lead to work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The aim of this study was to determine whether feedback involving photography and self‐assessment would improve dental educators’ postures and accuracy of ergonomic self‐assessment. This study used a randomized control design. The Modified‐Dental Operator Posture Assessment Instrument (M‐DOPAI) was used for all ergonomic evaluations over a four‐week period at one U.S. dental school. At week 1, all 30 participating dental educators were photographed and completed an M‐DOPAI without viewing the photographs. In weeks 2 and 3, the educators in the control group (N=15) completed an M‐DOPAI without any additional photographs. The educators in the training group (N=15) had additional photographs taken and used the photographs to complete an ergonomic self‐assessment with the principal investigator. From week 1 to week 4, the ergonomics training utilizing photography resulted in improvements in the dental educators’ ergonomic scores but not the accuracy of their ergonomic self‐assessments. All participants strongly agreed it was important for both dental students and dentists to understand proper ergonomics, properly apply proper ergonomics, and have accurate ergonomic self‐assessment skills in clinical practice. Although these dental educators valued ergonomic principles, they lacked training in applying these principles with dental students. Without additional training in ergonomics and self‐assessment, the development of these skills in dental students will be affected.
A Cross‐Sectional Study of Empathy Among Dental Students at King Abdulaziz University
Authors: Naguib Ghada H. , Sindi Amal M. , Attar Moaz H. , Alshouibi Ehab N. , Hamed Mohamed T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEmpathy is the fundamental substructure of moral behavior. Skillful clinicians may not necessarily be successful dentists if they do not have sufficient empathy. The aim of this study was to assess the level of empathy among dental students at King Abdulaziz University with an emphasis on the effect of gender and study level. A cross‐sectional study was carried out among third‐ to sixth‐year dental students of King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A validated, self‐administered Jefferson Scale of Empathy‐Health Care Provider Student Version was distributed in academic year 2016‐17 to all 380 students in the third to sixth years. A total of 300 students responded, for a response rate of 78.9%. The results showed that the students’ mean empathy score was 84.84±11.28 on a range from 20 to 140. The fifth‐ and sixth‐year students had higher scores than the third‐ and fourth‐year students although the differences were not statistically significant. The mean empathy score of women students was significantly higher (p<0.001) than that of men students, and the women demonstrated significantly better perspective‐taking (p<0.001) than the men. This study found that the students were empathetic and had a sense of moral obligation although their mean empathy score was not as high as expected. Integrating empathic, ethical, and professional elements into the dental curriculum is needed.
Impact of HPV Immunization Training on Dental Hygiene Students’ Attitudes and Confidence Regarding HPV Preventive Education
Authors: Cotter Jane C. , Wilson Kendra J. , Mallonee Lisa F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHuman Papilloma Virus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal cancers (OPC) have increased significantly despite availability of the HPV vaccine. HPV‐positive oropharyngeal cancer is becoming more prevalent than tobacco‐related OPC. Dental professionals screen for OPC and risk factors, but many are not prepared to address HPV immunization and prevention with patients. The aim of this study was to implement and assess a training module on HPV to increase dental providers’ knowledge, promote confidence in their ability to provide effective prevention interventions, and instill a positive attitude about recommending HPV immunization to their patients. The study used a pretest‐posttest design. Participants were dental hygiene students in one U.S. dental hygiene program in 2017. The students completed the pretest, then viewed the online training module, and completed the posttest one week later. Of the 40 students who participated in the module, 37 completed both pretest and posttest, for a response rate of 93%. From pretest to posttest, the respondents showed a significant increase (CI=0.5, p<0.001) in knowledge of HPV prevention with mean scores increasing from 8.75 to 13.32 on a 15‐point scale. The students demonstrated an increase (p<0.05) in confidence and comfort in providing HPV immunization counseling on the posttest, as well as an increase (p<0.05) in positive attitudes about recommending HPV immunization. This study found that the participants’ knowledge and confidence regarding HPV, HPV‐related OPC, and HPV immunization increased after the module, suggesting that effective education and preparation for HPV counseling can be accomplished through modular‐based education. This education would be beneficial in an institutional or professional setting.
Impact of Blended Learning on Dental Students' Performance and Satisfaction in Clinical Education
Authors: Qutieshat Abubaker S. , Abusamak Mohammad O. , Maragha Tala N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a blended learning model with a flipped classroom approach in a clinical dental education setting based on student performance and perceptions. Comparisons were made between blended learning and traditional methods for all fourth‐year dental students in two consecutive cohorts in a conservative dentistry course at a dental school in Jordan. The 2016‐17 cohort (control group) consisted of 364 students taught with conventional methods. The 2017‐18 cohort (study group) consisted of 253 students taught with blended learning using a flipped classroom method. Performance measures were two exams (online and written), two assignments, inclinic quizzes, and clinical assessment. The study also assessed the number of posts made by students in the study group on an online discussion forum. The results showed that the study group students had significantly better performance on all assessments than the control group students. The students’ overall grades in the blended learning cohort were an average 7.25 points higher than in the control cohort. Students who participated in the online forum also had better performance in the course: one participation correlated with 0.697 standard deviations higher score. Overall, students’ perceptions were positive and supported the adoption of a blended learning model in the course. These results showing improved student performance provide support for blended learning and use of an online discussion forum.