bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isoagglutinin removal by plasma centrifugation or filtration (single or double): A prospective study in a single center
Authors: Naciri Bennani Hamza , Noble Johan , Chevallier Eloi , Terrec Florian , Motte Lionel , Giroux‐Lathuile Claudine , Bugnazet Mathilde , Imerzoukene Farida , Janbon Bénédicte , Malvezzi Paolo , Rostaing Lionel , Jouve Thomas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionABO‐incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation, a well‐established procedure, has good long‐term results provided pretransplant desensitization that includes immunosuppression and apheresis.ObjectiveTo compare, within the first pretransplant apheresis session given to 29 ABOi kidney‐transplant candidates, the effect on isoagglutinin titers (both IgG and IgM isotypes) of three modalities: centrifugation therapeutic plasmapheresis (cTP; n = 10), filtration TP (fTP; n = 9), and double‐filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP; n = 10).ResultsThe three groups were comparable according to baseline demographics. Treated plasma volumes were similar across the three groups, that is, 4111 ± 403 mL (cTP), 3861 ± 282 mL (fTP), and 3699 ± 820 mL (DFPP): that is, 54 ± 7, 53 ± 7, and 53 ± 10 mL/kg respectively. One session of centrifugation or filtration TP reduced IgG anti‐A/anti‐B isoagglutinin titer by ~4, whereas one DFPP session reduced it by ~2. One session of cTP reduced IgM anti‐A isoagglutinin titer by a little less than 4, whereas fTP and DFPP sessions reduced it by ~3. There were no statistical differences across the three groups regarding isoagglutinin rebound (IgG and IgM). However, isoagglutinin IgG rebound was >4 dilutions for anti‐B titers compared with ~2 dilutions for anti‐A titers. The median decreases in IgG level were −3.9 g/L (DFPP), −5.9 g/L (cTP), and − 6.06 g/L (fTP) (p = ns). Median fibrinogen depletions were ~ 60% (fTP), 64% (DFPP), and 76% (cTP).ConclusionsIsoagglutinin depletions within the first apheresis session were similar across cTP, fTP, and DFPP: this was numerically lower for DFPP.
Assessment of root canal transportation of 2Shape and ProTaper gold in mandibular molar mesial canals: A micro–computed tomographic study
Authors: Nehme Walid , Araji Stephanie , Michetti Jérôme , Zogheib Carla , Naaman Alfred , Khalil Issam , Pages Raphaël , Basarab Adrian , Mallet Jean Philippe , Diemer Franck 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare shaping abilities of Protaper Gold® (PTG) and 2Shape® (TS) by using a new automatic process and micro‐computed tomography (Micro‐CT). 32 first mandibular molars with two separate mesial canals were selected. Only mesial roots were prepared with PTG and TS. Pre‐ and post‐operative scans were performed using Micro‐CT to provide volumes with a voxel size of 20 μm. Volumes, non‐instrumented area, amount of transportation and centering ability in coronal, middle and apical third shaping time and procedural errors were recorded. TS and PTG increased the endodontic volume of 2.98 mm3 (±1.56) and 3.21 mm3 (±1.78) respectively with no statistical difference (p = .168) and no procedural errors. No significant difference was found concerning canal transportation among groups but only within the same group PTG (p value < .001) and TS (p value < .001). The mean centering ratio was significantly different only between the section levels for PTG (p value < .001) and TS (p value = .01); it was significantly reduced in the cervical third. The percentage of untouched canal walls ranged between 29.78% (±15.145) and 36.60% (±11.968) respectively for PTG and TS with no statistical difference among groups (p value = .168). TS and PTG with post machining heat treatment were able to produce centered preparations with no significant difference or procedural errors. TS system provided a shorter preparation time than PTG files.
Morphological description of the white grub Melolontha incana (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Melolonthini)
Authors: Jia Zhi‐Chao , Fang Hong , Jiang Lu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMelolonthinae are the largest subfamily of Scarabaeidae, considered as serious pests for their larvae attacking plant roots and tubers. The edaphic larvae are difficult to be identified because the study on larval taxonomy is far from satisfactory. In this study, multivoltine white grubs Melolontha incana (Motschulsky, 1853) were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy, in order to provide more morphological characters for the pest identification. The white grubs are atypical for the epipharynx bearing 14 heli arranged in two rows; the mandible is furnished with a patch of minute granules; the maxilla is equipped with 18 acute stridulatory teeth arranged in line; each femur and tibiotarsus is furnished ventrally with a cluster of fossorial setae. The morphological comparisons with the other melolonthine species were provided. The adaptative relationship between the morphological feature and the multivoltine life history were briefly discussed.
Climatological conditions of the Black Sea‐effect snowfall events in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Baltaci Hakki , da Silva Maria Cristina Lemos , Gomes Helber Barros 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA climatological analysis and overlying synoptic conditions of Black Sea‐effect snowfall events were investigated for Istanbul, Turkey, during the 1971–2006 winter (DJF) periods. Using the synoptic climatological approach, the Lamb Weather Type (LWT) method was applied to NCEP/NCAR daily mean sea level pressure data. Basically, northwesterly (NW), northerly (N), and northeasterly (NE) circulation types (CTs), which blow from the Black Sea (BS), were thought to be important for sea‐effect snowfall events to occur. Wind speeds and flows at 850‐hPa, directional shear, and temperature difference between sea surface and 850‐hPa level (SST‐T850) thresholds were applied to these three CTs in order to find suitable snowfall cases originating from the Black‐Sea. The results showed that 4, 14, and 111 snowfall episodes occurred during NW, N, and NE circulation types over Istanbul with the 2.8, 4.1, and 3.5 cm daily mean snow cover depths (DMSCD), respectively. In particular, it was found that interaction between a surface high located over continental Europe and a low pressure located over the central Black Sea, and a relatively warm sea surface temperature (SST), and cold temperature anomaly at the low level of the atmosphere (SST‐T850 > 17°C) are a favourable environment for the development of intense Black Sea‐effect snowstorms (DMSCD > 10 cm) sourced by NE cases. A statistically significant positive relation between snow cover depths and SST‐Tmax (daily maximum temperature) under NE cases (r = 0.28, p < .05) indicated that we observe intense daily snow accumulation when land‐sea temperature contrast increases (>7°C) in the region.
What Good is Charitable Giving for the Giver? The Combined Effect of Charitable Giving and Construal Level on Giver Creativity
Authors: Shin Yunchul , Lee Sujin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhat good is charitable giving for the giver? While previous research has examined ways of increasing charitable donations of money and their associated emotional benefits, extant studies have overlooked the cognitive consequences of giving for the giver. The present research examines the causal relationship between charitable donation of money and giver creativity. Data from a laboratory experiment support our hypothesis that charitable giving improves the giver’s creativity when the consequences of the giving are not specific and the giver in question has a high‐level construal (thinks of the outcome of giving rather than means). Charitable giving behavior with non‐specific consequences appears to motivate givers with a high‐level construal to imagine novel ways in which their money will be useful for others and thus activates creative cognition. Indeed, we observe the creativity‐boosting effect of charitable giving only when givers contemplated the unknown consequences of their charitable behavior.
Effects of nitrogen fertilization and drought on hydrocyanic acid accumulation and morpho‐physiological parameters of sorghums
Authors: Shehab ABD EL SALAM ABD EL , Guo Yanjun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrogen fertilization can increase sorghum yield and quality and the hydrocyanic acid (HCN) accumulation in plants, increasing the risk of animal toxicity, particularly under drought conditions. In this study, plants of three sorghum genotypes (sweet sorghum, sudangrass and hybrid sorghum) were supplemented with nitrogen (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1) under well‐watered and drought‐stressed conditions, aiming to investigate the responses of morpho‐physiological parameters and HCN accumulation to drought and nitrogen fertilization.RESULTSDrought caused a decline in growth and photosynthesis. Average HCN content increased by 27.85% in drought‐stressed plants when compared with those in well‐watered plants. Drought increased the proline and soluble protein content, the content of O2−, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of all three genotypes. Maximum plant growth and higher plant nutrient content (nitrogen and phosphorus) were observed at 120 kg N ha−1, followed by 90 and 60 kg N ha−1. However, a sharp increase in HCN content and a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities were observed when nitrogen rates increased from 90 to 120 kg N ha−1, suggesting that 90 kg N ha−1 might be better for sorghums under drought conditions.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that optimum nitrogen application on sorghum under drought conditions could achieve a balance between plant defense and food safety, attributed to the reduced MDA, O2− and H2O2 accumulation, the improvement in photosynthesis parameters, the increase in soluble protein and proline content, and the increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits
Authors: Petridis Antonios , van der Kaay Jeroen , Archibald Iain W , McCallum Susan , Graham Julie , Hancock Robert D 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn maritime growing environments, blueberry yield often exhibits excessive season‐to‐season variation, associated with poorly adapted photosynthetic responses to low light conditions. It is therefore necessary to develop methods that stabilise yield while maintaining or improving fruit quality. Here, we placed reflective mulch alongside plants at the early green fruit stage, to test the hypothesis that increasing the available seasonal light integral could enhance blueberry yield. We further determined several quality characteristics to ensure fruit marketability.RESULTSPlacement of mulch alongside plants reflected up to five times more light compared with bare ground, enhancing the amount of light reaching the canopy. This led to an adaptive increase of light saturated maximal photosynthetic rate of mulch‐treated plants, resulting in a twofold increase in yield compared with control plants. Analysis of fruit quality characteristics showed that total soluble solids, sugars and organic acids were similar between treatments. Likewise, antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanin content and the content of individual anthocyanins did not change in response to reflective mulch treatment.CONCLUSIONSThe use of reflective mulch should be explored by industry as a cost‐effective method for enhancing blueberry yield while maintaining fruit quality in maritime environments. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Frailty Is a Risk Factor for Postoperative Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis Undergoing Diverse Major Surgeries
Authors: Mahmud Nadim , Kaplan David E. , Taddei Tamar H. , Goldberg David S. 
Published: November 2020

With a rising burden of cirrhosis surgeries, understanding risk factors for postoperative mortality is more salient than ever. The role of baseline frailty has not been assessed in this context. We evaluated the association between patient frailty and postoperative risk among diverse patients with cirrhosis and determined if frailty improves prognostication of cirrhosis surgical risk scores. This was a retrospective cohort study of U.S. veterans with cirrhosis identified between 2008 and 2016 who underwent nontransplant major surgery. Frailty was ascertained using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS). Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of patient frailty on postoperative mortality. Logistic regression was used to identify incremental changes in discrimination for postoperative mortality when frailty was added to the risk prediction models, including the Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD), MELD–sodium (MELD‐Na), Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh (CTP), Mayo Risk Score (MRS), and Veterans Outcomes and Costs Associated With Liver Disease (VOCAL)–Penn. A total of 804 cirrhosis surgeries were identified. The majority of patients (48.5%) had high‐risk frailty at baseline (HFRS >15). In adjusted Cox regression models, categories of increasing frailty scores were associated with poorer postoperative survival. For example, intermediate‐risk frailty (HFRS 5‐15) conferred a 1.77‐fold increased hazard relative to low‐risk frailty (HFRS, <5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06‐2.95; P = 0.03). High‐risk frailty demonstrated a similarly increased hazard (hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.05‐2.88; P = 0.03), suggesting a threshold effect of frailty on postoperative mortality. The incorporation of frailty improved discrimination of MELD, MELD‐Na, and CTP for postoperative mortality, but did not do so for the MRS or VOCAL‐Penn score. Patient frailty was an additional important predictor of cirrhosis surgical risk. The incorporation of preoperative frailty assessments may help to risk stratify patients, especially in settings where the MELD‐Na and CTP are commonly applied.
Elucidating the Topology and Physical Properties of Triblock Copolymers Using Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Frerichs Niklas , Joswig Moritz , Fischer Taija Lena , Oevermann Yan Steffen , Vana Philipp 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA combination of electrospray ionization (ESI) and ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMMS) is used to successfully determine the characteristic ratio (Cn) of homopolymers and triblock copolymers. Two different copolymer systems are analyzed: a poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(propylene glycol) (PEG/PPG) and a poly(methyl acrylate)/poly(butyl acrylate) (PMA/PBA) based system. The monomer composition within the copolymers is chosen to be constant while changing the block sequence along the main chain, in order to ensure a reliable determination of the influence of the topology on the physical properties. It can be demonstrated that the block structure has a significant influence on Cn and therefore on the physical properties of the block copolymers. For both systems, the inner block dominates the overall physical properties.
Skin and stinger bacterial communities in two critically endangered rays from the South Atlantic in natural and aquarium settings
Authors: Gonçalves e Silva Fernanda , dos Santos Henrique Fragoso , de Assis Leite Deborah Catharine , Lutfi Daniela Silva , Vianna Marcelo , Rosado Alexandre Soares 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBacterial communities of two critically endangered rays from the South Atlantic, the butterfly ray (Gymnura altavela) and the groovebelly ray (Dasyatis hypostigma), were described using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. The study characterized the bacterial communities associated with (i) G. altavela in natural (in situ) and aquarium (ex situ) settings, (ii) skin and stinger of G. altavela, and D. hypostigma in aquaria, and (iii) newborns and adults of D. hypostigma. The results revealed potentially antibiotic‐producing bacterial groups on the skin of rays from the natural environment, and some taxa with the potential to benefit ray health, mainly in rays from the natural environment, as well as possible pathogens to other animals, including fish and humans. Differences were observed between the G. altavela and D. hypostigma bacteria composition, as well as between the skin and stinger bacterial composition. The bacterial community associated with D. hypostigma changed with the age of the ray. The aquarium environment severely impacted the G. altavela bacteria composition, which changed from a complex bacterial community to one dominated almost exclusively by two taxa, Oceanimonas sp. and Sediminibacterium sp. on the skin and stinger, respectively.
Improving FLAIR SAR efficiency at 7T by adaptive tailoring of adiabatic pulse power through deep learning estimation
Authors: Abbasi‐Rad Shahrokh , O’Brien Kieran , Kelly Samuel , Vegh Viktor , Rodell Anders , Tesiram Yasvir , Jin Jin , Barth Markus , Bollmann Steffen 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate a method for specific absorption rate (SAR) reduction for 2D T2‐FLAIR MRI sequences at 7 T by predicting the required adiabatic radiofrequency (RF) pulse power and scaling the RF amplitude in a slice‐wise fashion.MethodsWe used a time‐resampled frequency‐offset corrected inversion (TR‐FOCI) adiabatic pulse for spin inversion in a T2‐FLAIR sequence to improve homogeneity and calculated the pulse power required for adiabaticity slice‐by‐slice to minimize the SAR. Drawing on the implicit inhomogeneity in a standard localizer scan, we acquired 3D AutoAlign localizers and SA2RAGE maps in 28 volunteers. Then, we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to estimate the profile from the localizers and calculated pulse scale factors for each slice. We assessed the predicted profiles and the effect of scaled pulse amplitudes on the FLAIR inversion efficiency in oblique transverse, sagittal, and coronal orientations.ResultsThe predicted amplitude maps matched the measured ones with a mean difference of 9.5% across all slices and participants. The slice‐by‐slice scaling of the TR‐FOCI inversion pulse was most effective in oblique transverse orientation and resulted in a 1 min and 30 s reduction in SAR induced delay time while delivering identical image quality.ConclusionWe propose a SAR reduction technique based on the estimation of profiles from standard localizer scans using a CNN and show that scaling the inversion pulse power slice‐by‐slice for FLAIR sequences at 7T reduces SAR and scan time without compromising image quality.
Constructing lattice‐mismatched upconversion luminescence heterojunctions via light welding in seconds
Authors: Gao Dangli , Wang Peng , Wu Jialing , Gao Jie , Xiao Guoqing , Cai Anjiang , Ma Kaiwei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHeterostructures are an important class of materials with desirable size, morphology, and functionality because of their promising applications in biosensor and photonic communication device. However, no such technology of synthesizing heterojunctions is as convenient as electric welding. Particularly, synthesizing heterojunctions with large lattice‐mismatch has been subjected to a great challenge. Herein, the hybrid heterojunction structures are obtained by in situ chemical transformation from fluoride to oxyfluoride via a laser irradiation‐welding approach (LIWA). Single NaYbF4:Ho3+@YbOF:Ho3+ heterojunctions with unique morphologies including hollow spheres, lollipops and sponge‐like plates, are successfully prepared by deliberate control over precursor particles and light welding parameters. These unique luminescent heterojunctions can not only integrate distinctive properties of fluoride and oxide, but also exhibit the unprecedented convenience for color tunability. This work provides an ultrafast LIWA for the fabrication of lattice‐mismatched heterojunctions in seconds, and LIWA allows tunable laser parameters to control the microstructures and characteristics of heterojunctions for widespread applications.
The Gross–Saccoman conjecture is true
Authors: Romero Pablo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConsider a graph with perfect nodes but independent edge failures with identical probability ρ. The reliability is the connectedness probability of the random graph. A graph with n nodes and e edges is uniformly optimally reliable (UOR) if it has the greatest reliability among all graphs with the same number of nodes and edges, for all values of ρ. In 1997, Gross and Saccoman proved that the simple UOR graphs for e = n, e = n + 1 and e = n + 2 are also optimal when the classes are extended to include multigraphs. The authors conjectured that the UOR simple graphs for e = n + 3 are optimal in multigraphs as well. A proof of the Gross–Saccoman conjecture is introduced.
Correlation of Telomere Length in Adipose Tissue and Leukocytes and its Association with Postsurgical Weight Loss
Authors: Gurung Resham L. , M Yiamunaa , Moh Angela Mei Chung , Dorajoo Rajkumar , Liu Sylvia , Liu Jian‐Jun , Shabbir Asim , So Jimmy Bok Yan , Tan Chun Hai , Cheng Anton Kui Sing , Lim Su Chi 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between telomere length (TL) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissues (VAT), and leukocytes, as well as to examine the associations of TL in these tissues with postsurgical weight loss in Asians with severe obesity.MethodsPresurgery TL was measured in leukocytes, SAT, and VAT of 91 patients who underwent weight loss surgery. Correlation between TL in multiple tissues was assessed using Pearson correlation. The association of presurgery TL and postsurgical weight loss at 6 or 12 months, expressed as a percentage of weight loss, was determined using linear regression in 70 patients.ResultsTelomeres were longer in VAT compared with those in leukocytes and SAT (P < 0.001) but were highly correlated between tissues. The strongest correlation was observed between TL in VAT and leukocytes (r = 0.739, P = 6.22 × 10−17). Compared with individuals in the highest tertile, those in the lowest tertile of VAT TL showed greater weight loss (β = 6.23, SE = 3.10, P = 0.044) independent of age, sex, ethnicity, types of surgery, diabetes condition, preoperative BMI, and follow‐up period.ConclusionsAmong patients with severe obesity, TL in leukocytes and adipose tissue was highly correlated. However, there was variability in the association of TL in these tissues with weight loss after surgery.