bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are the Netherlands a Nordic Country? Reflections on Understanding the Lutheran Tradition in the Netherlands
Authors: Hiebsch Sabine 
Published: November 2019

Contrary to the German Lands and the Nordic Countries the Lutherans in the Netherlands were always a religious minority under a non-Lutheran authority.
The history of the Dutch Lutherans is closely related to the migration streams of the 16th and 17th century, especially from the German Lands and the Nordic Countries. But the Nordic countries have barely been considered in the historiography of Dutch Lutheranism.
This article shows that the relations between the Netherlands and the Nordic Countries happened on a variety of levels. Even though the confessional motivation wasn't always paramount, this Northern dimension had a decisive influence on the development of Dutch Lutheranism and provides an excellent comparative context to study it. In order to understand its place in the Dutch religious landscape and within the broader context of global Lutheranism, research on the role of the Nordic countries is indispensable.
Vi feirer Kvinnedagen med rød leppestift! Russiske migranters fortellinger om 8. mars i Norge –
Authors: Wara Tatiana 
Published: November 2019

I denne artikkelen vil jeg bruke sanselig fenomenologi for å argumentere for at ulike historiske og politiske fortellinger om Kvinnedagen etablerer hierarkiske forestillinger av vestlige og østlige feminiteter. Jeg vil illustrere hvordan 8. mars kan forstås som et kulturelt og politisk fenomen som mobiliserer følelser, og som dessuten bidrar til å både differensiere og sedimentere forståelser av «oss» og «de andre». Dette vil vi gjøre gjennom en analytisk kobling av tre ulike fortellinger om Kvinnedagen, nemlig en historisk, politisk og det vi kan kalle en empirisk fortelling om Kvinnedagen. Mens den politiske fortellingen om Kvinnedagen illustreres gjennom en kort analyse av Russlands president Vladimir Putin og Norges statsminister Erna Solbergs 8. marstaler anno 2017, så baserer analysen av den empiriske fortellingen om 8. mars på russiske kvinners erfaringer med Kvinnedagen etter å ha bosatt seg i Norge. Artikkelen viser hvordan Kvinnedagen kan brukes som et eget russisk rom innenfor majoritetskonteksten for å uttrykke likestilling på egne måter, ikke som «likhet», men som «likeverd»; og feminitet, ikke som varianter av kjønnsnøytralitet, men heller «på russisk vis» med skjørt, oppsatt hår og rød leppestift. Artikkelen viser således hvordan forestillinger om kvinnelighet og likestilling veksler mellom individuelle og kollektive fortellinger, og belyser hvordan kvinnelighet aktualiseres og kommuniseres i fortellinger om 8. marsfeiring.
Stabilizing Polymer–Lithium Interface in a Rechargeable Solid Battery
Authors: Yan Min , Liang Jia‐Yan , Zuo Tong‐Tong , Yin Ya‐Xia , Xin Sen , Tan Shuang‐Jie , Guo Yu‐Guo , Wan Li‐Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are promising candidates for developing high‐energy‐density Li metal batteries due to their flexible processability. However, the low mechanical strength as well as the inferior interfacial regulation of ions between SPEs and Li metal anode limit the suppress ion of Li dendrites and destabilize the Li anode. To meet these challenges, interfacial engineering aiming to homogenize the distribution of Li+/electron accompanied with enhanced mechanical strength by Mg3N2 layer decorating polyethylene oxide is demonstrated. The intermediary Mg3N2 in situ transforms to a mixed ion/electron conducting interlayer consisting of a fast ionic conductor Li3N and a benign electronic conductor Mg metal, which can buffer the Li+ concentration gradient and level the nonuniform electric current distribution during cycling, as demonstrated by a COMSOL Multiphysics simulation. These characteristics endow the solid full cell with a dendrite‐free Li anode and enhanced cycling stability and kinetics. The innovative interface design will accelerate the commercial application of high‐energy‐density solid batteries.
Achieving Fast Charge Separation and Low Nonradiative Recombination Loss by Rational Fluorination for High‐Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Sun Chenkai , Pan Fei , Chen Shanshan , Wang Rui , Sun Rui , Shang Ziya , Qiu Beibei , Min Jie , Lv Menglan , Meng Lei , Zhang Chunfeng , Xiao Min , Yang Changduk , Li Yongfang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFour low‐cost copolymer donors of poly(thiophene‐quinoxaline) (PTQ) derivatives are demonstrated with different fluorine substitution forms to investigate the effect of fluorination forms on charge separation and voltage loss (Vloss) of the polymer solar cells (PSCs) with the PTQ derivatives as donor and a A–DA'D–A‐structured molecule Y6 as acceptor. The four PTQ derivatives are PTQ7 without fluorination, PTQ8 with bifluorine substituents on its thiophene D‐unit, PTQ9, and PTQ10 with monofluorine and bifluorine substituents on their quinoxaline A‐unit respectively. The PTQ8‐ based PSC demonstrates a low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.90% due to the mismatch in the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels alignment between the donor and acceptor. In contrast, the devices based on PTQ9 and PTQ10 show enhanced charge‐separation behavior and gradually reduced Vloss, due to the gradually reduced nonradiative recombination loss in comparison with the PTQ7‐based device. As a result, the PTQ10‐based PSC demonstrates an impressive PCE of 16.21% with high open‐circuit voltage and large short‐circuit current density simultaneously, and its Vloss is reduced to 0.549 V. The results indicate that rational fluorination of the polymer donors is a feasible method to achieve fast charge separation and low Vloss simultaneously in the PSCs.
P3HT‐Based Polymer Solar Cells with 8.25% Efficiency Enabled by a Matched Molecular Acceptor and Smart Green‐Solvent Processing Technology
Authors: Xu Xiaopeng , Zhang Guangjun , Yu Liyang , Li Ruipeng , Peng Qiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA novel molecular acceptor of TrBTIC (2,7,12‐tris((2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydroinden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile‐7‐benzothiadiazole‐2‐)truxene) is designed by attaching the 2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydroinden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile‐benzothiadiazole (BTIC) electron‐deficient unit to an electron‐rich truxene core. TrBTIC has excellent solubility in common solvents and features good energy level matching with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT). Interestingly, P3HT can be readily dissolved in warm 1,2,4‐trimethylbenzene (TMB), a green solvent, but crystallizes slowly with long‐term aging in TMB at room temperature. A prephase separation can thus occur before active blend film deposition, and the separation degree can be easily controlled by varying the aging time. After 40 min of aging, the resulting active blend has the most appropriate phase separation with uniform nanowires, which forms favorable interpenetrating networks for exciton dissociation and charge transport. As a result, the device performance is improved from 6.62% to 8.25%. Excitingly, 8.25% is a new record for P3HT‐based solar cells. The study not only provides an efficient nonfullerene acceptor for matching P3HT donors but also develops a promising processing technology to realize high‐performance P3HT‐based polymer solar cells with an efficiency over 8%.
Large‐Area, Ultrathin Metasurface Exhibiting Strong Unpolarized Ultrabroadband Absorption
Authors: Wu Shangliang , Ye Yan , Jiang Zhouying , Yang Tianchi , Chen Linsen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLarge‐area, ultrathin devices with strong ultrabroadband absorption and high angular tolerance are in demand for applications such as ultraviolet protection, energy harvesting, photodetectors, and thermal imaging technology. Although there have been considerable efforts to design and fabricate these devices, the simultaneous realization of all desired properties has not been achieved. A 330 nm thick metasurface with an area of 3 cm2 is experimentally developed, which incorporates dielectric cylinder arrays, a titanium nitride (TiN) layer, and silicon nitride (SiNx) layers. The developed metasurface absorbs ≈87% of ultrabroadband light in the range of 250–2250 nm, which covers almost the entire solar spectrum, and has a low hemispherical thermal emittance of ≈29% in the long‐infrared range (5–13 µm). Moreover, the structure exhibits strong ultrabroadband absorption over a wide range of incident angles (82% at 60°). In addition, due to the high temperature resistance of TiN and its excellent spectral and angular performance, the device made from this material is ideal for solar‐thermal applications.
Deep‐Red Lasing and Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Nature Inspired Bay‐Annulated Indigo Derivatives
Authors: Shukla Atul , Wallwork Nicholle R. , Li Xin , Sobus Jan , Mai Van T. N. , McGregor Sarah K. M. , Chen Kay , Lepage Romain J. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Moore Evan G. , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Lo Shih‐Chun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile noteworthy progress has been made on organic solid‐state lasers with low amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) thresholds and high optical gains in blue and green colors, the same advancement has not been achieved for red laser dyes. This is mainly due to their low photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) because of “energy bandgap law.” Here, a new family of solution‐processable organic semiconductor laser dyes based on a bay‐annulated indigo derivative (Cibalackrot) with deep‐red emission is reported. They exhibit excellent PLQYs and low ASE thresholds (9.6 µJ cm−2) with deep‐red emission when blended in a mixed host of 1,3‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) and 2‐hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole (HBT). In contrast to a single blend in mCP, the co‐blend films are found to significantly enhance the photostability by retaining 90% of initial ASE intensity even after continuous pumping with over 9000 pulses at a pump input energy twice that of the ASE threshold, which can be attributed to efficient cascade energy transfer from mCP to HBT and then to the Cibalackrot chromophore. Low lasing threshold of 6 µJ cm−2 is further achieved at 641 nm by using distributed feedback gratings. Transient absorption spectroscopy measurements indicate that the dye has extremely low yield of triplet excited‐state under optical excitation. The results show Cibalackrot derivatives to be a promising new family of organic deep‐red laser dyes.
Unraveling Ferroelectric Polarization and Ionic Contributions to Electroresistance in Epitaxial Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Sulzbach Milena Cervo , Estandía Saúl , Long Xiao , Lyu Jike , Dix Nico , Gàzquez Jaume , Chisholm Matthew F. , Sánchez Florencio , Fina Ignasi , Fontcuberta Josep 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTunnel devices based on ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) barriers hold great promises for emerging data storage and computing technologies. The resistance state of the device can be changed through use of a suitable writing voltage. However, the microscopic mechanisms leading to the resistance change are an intricate interplay between ferroelectric polarization controlled barrier properties and defect‐related transport mechanisms. The fundamental role of the microstructure of HZO films determining the balance between those contributions is demonstrated. The HZO film presents coherent or incoherent grain boundaries, associated to the coexistance of monoclinic and orthorhombic phases, which are dictated by the mismatch with the substrates for epitaxial growth. These grain boundaries are the toggle that allows to obtain either large (up to ≈450%) and fully reversible genuine polarization controlled electroresistance when only the orthorhombic phase is present or an irreversible and extremely large (≈103–105%) electroresistance when both phases coexist.
Chemical Exfoliation as a Controlled Route to Enhance the Anodic Performance of COF in LIB
Authors: Haldar Sattwick , Roy Kingshuk , Kushwaha Rinku , Ogale Satishchandra , Vaidhyanathan Ramanathan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA covalent organic framework (COF), built from light atoms with a graphitic structure, could be an excellent anodic candidate for lightweight batteries, which can be of use in portable devices. But to replace the commercial graphite anode, they need more Li‐interactive sites/unit‐cell and all such sites should be made to participate. The compromise made in the volumetric density to gain the gravimetric advantage should be minimal. Exfoliation enhances surface/functional group accessibility yielding high capacity and rapid charge storage. A chemical strategy for simultaneous exfoliation and increase of Li‐loving active‐pockets can deliver a lightweight Li‐ion battery (LIB). Here, anthracene‐based COFs are chemically exfoliated into few‐layer‐thick nanosheets using maleic anhydride as a functionalizing exfoliation agent. It not only exfoliates but also introduces multiple Li‐interactive carbonyl groups, leading to a loading of 30 Li/unit‐cell (vs one Li per C6). The exfoliation enhances the specific capacity by ≈4 times (200–790 mAh g−1 @100 mA g−1). A realistic full‐cell, made using the exfoliated COF against a LiCoO2 cathode, delivers a specific capacity of 220 mAh g−1 over 200 cycles. The observed capacity stands highest among all organic polymers. For the first report of a COF derived full‐cell LIB, this is a windfall.
Cp*CoIII/Chiral Carboxylic Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,4‐Addition Reactions of Indoles to Maleimides
Authors: Kurihara Takumaru , Kojima Masahiro , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Shigeki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe report enantioselective 1,4‐addition reactions of indoles to maleimides via a C2‐selective C−H activation catalyzed by an achiral Cp*CoIII/chiral carboxylic acid system. In these reactions, a BINOL‐derived chiral carboxylic acid enables the enantioselective reactions as the sole chiral source.
A simple method for inducing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis
Authors: Yahaghi Leyla , Ebrahim‐Habibi Azadeh , Hayati‐Roodbari Nasim , Irani Shiva , Yaghmaei Parichehreh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly occurring in sedentary people, and may progress to NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is essential to design affordable animal models for the study of various diseases, including fatty liver, which was the aim of the study. In this study, a high‐fat diet was devised that triggers NASH's animal model quickly and easily. High‐fat diet (HFD) was used both with intra‐mouth oral gavage and in combination with animal pellets.MethodsTwenty‐four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into HFD and ND groups, which received a high‐fat diet and a normal diet, respectively. At the end of the experiment (fourth week of treatment), body and liver weights, biochemical parameters, PPAR‐α gene expression and histopathologic characteristics of the liver were evaluated.ResultsDuring 4 weeks, body weight of mice did not show a significant increase in the HFD group compared to the ND group, while weight gain of the liver was significant. Histological assessment of the HFD group's liver confirmed NASH symptoms. In the HFD group, HDL‐c, SOD, catalase, FRAP, adiponectin, and PPAR‐α decreased significantly, and lipid profiles, hepatic enzymes, MDA, leptin, and TNF‐α showed a significant increase compared to the ND group.ConclusionOur high‐fat diet has successfully induced all aspects of NASH with fibrosis in 4 weeks, and with low cost.
Facially Dispersed Polyhydride Cu9 and Cu16 Clusters Comprising Apex‐Truncated Supertetrahedral and Square‐Face‐Capped Cuboctahedral Copper Frameworks
Authors: Nakamae Kanako , Nakajima Takayuki , Ura Yasuyuki , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Tanase Tomoaki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBy using a linear tetraphosphine, meso‐bis[(diphenylphosphinomethyl)phenylphosphino]methane (dpmppm), nona‐ and hexadecanuclear copper hydride clusters, [Cu9H7(μ‐dpmppm)3]X2 (X=Cl (1 a), Br (1 b), I (1 c), PF6 (1 d)) and [Cu16H14(μ‐dpmppm)4]X2 (X2=I2 (2 c), (4/3) PF6⋅(2/3) OH (2 d)) were synthesized and characterized. They form copper‐hydride cages of apex‐truncated supertetrahedral {Cu9H7}2+ and square‐face‐capped cuboctahedral {Cu16H14}2+ structures. The hydride positions were estimated by DFT calculations to be facially dispersed around the copper frameworks. A kinetically controlled synthesis gave an unsymmetrical Cu8H6 cluster, [Cu8H6(μ‐dpmppm)3]2+ (3), which readily reacted with CO2 to afford linear Cu4 complexes with formate bridges, leading to an unprecedented hydrogenation of CO2 into formate catalyzed by {Cu4(μ‐dpmppm)2} platform. The results demonstrate that new motifs of copper hydride clusters could be established by the tetraphosphine ligands, and the structures influence their reactivity.
f‐Element Half‐Sandwich Complexes: A Tetrasilylcyclobutadienyl–Uranium(IV)–Tris(tetrahydroborate) Anion Pianostool Complex
Authors: Boronski Josef T. , Doyle Laurence R. , Seed John A. , Wooles Ashley J. , Liddle Stephen T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite there being numerous examples of f‐element compounds supported by cyclopentadienyl, arene, cycloheptatrienyl, and cyclooctatetraenyl ligands (C5–8), cyclobutadienyl (C4) complexes remain exceedingly rare. Here, we report that reaction of [Li2{C4(SiMe3)4}(THF)2] (1) with [U(BH4)3(THF)2] (2) gives the pianostool complex [U{C4(SiMe3)4}(BH4)3][Li(THF)4] (3), where use of a borohydride and preformed C4‐unit circumvents difficulties in product isolation and closing a C4‐ring at uranium. Complex 3 is an unprecedented example of an f‐element half‐sandwich cyclobutadienyl complex, and it is only the second example of an actinide‐cyclobutadienyl complex, the other being an inverse‐sandwich. The U−C distances are short (av. 2.513 Å), reflecting the formal 2− charge of the C4‐unit, and the SiMe3 groups are displaced from the C4‐plane, which we propose maximises U−C4 orbital overlap. DFT calculations identify two quasi‐degenerate U−C4 π‐bonds utilising the ψ2 and ψ3 molecular orbitals of the C4‐unit, but the potential δ‐bond using the ψ4 orbital is vacant.
Flame retardant application of a hypophosphite/cyclotetrasiloxane bigroup compound on polycarbonate
Authors: Shao Lushan , Xu Bo , Ma Wen , Wang Jingyu , Liu Yanting , Qian Lijun 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTA novel flame retardant aluminum 2,4,6,8‐tetramethyl‐2,4,6,8‐teravinylcyclotetrasiloxane‐hypophosphorous acid (MVC‐AlPi) constituted based on hypophosphite and cyclotetrasiloxane groups was synthesized and characterized through fourier transform infrared and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance. The synergistic flame‐retardant behavior and mechanism of MVC‐AlPi/triphenyl phosphate (TPP) in polycarbonate (PC) were investigated. 5%MVC‐AlPi/5%TPP/PC composite got a highest limited oxygen index (LOI) value of 28.4% and passed UL94 V‐0 rating. The cone calorimeter test displayed that 5%MVC‐AlPi/5%TPP system not only inhibited the maximum combustion strength of PC composites, but also suppressed the total combustion reactions, which indicates a good synergistic flame‐retardant effect for MVC‐AlPi/TPP system. The photos of the residues disclosed that the pyrolysis solid fragments by MVC‐AlPi enhanced the residues mechanical strength, and the flexible film from TPP jointly restrained the release of fuels, thereby forming a synergistic barrier effect. The results from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed TPP mainly exerted quenching effect in gas phase and MVC‐AlPi mostly promoted a charring effect in condensed phase. In addition, the thermal decomposition of MVC‐AlPi also produced some phosphoric acid derivatives which tended to capture benzene ring debris generated by combustion from TPP and to promote the formation of more high‐quality carbon barrier. At the same time, the anti‐impact and tensile strength results from electronic universal testing machine and electronic Izod impact testing machine showed that although the mechanical properties of composites were slightly deteriorated by the addition of MVC‐AlPi/TPP system into PC, the side effect for mechanical properties was still within acceptable limits. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48699.
Bottom‐Up On‐Surface Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Graphene Nanoribbon Networks and Their Thermoelectric Properties
Authors: Kojima Takahiro , Nakae Takahiro , Xu Zhen , Saravanan Chinnusamy , Watanabe Kentaro , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Sakaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGraphene, the one‐atom‐thick two‐dimensional (2D) carbon material, has attracted tremendous interest in both academia and industry due to its outstanding electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. For electronic applications, the challenging task is to make it as a semiconductor. The bottom‐up synthesis of semiconducting one‐dimensional (1D) nanometer‐wide graphene strips, namely, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), has attracted much attention owing to its promising electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. In this regard, we report the fabrication of cove‐type 2D GNR networks (GNNs) via the interconnection of 1D self‐assembled GNRs on the surface of Au(111). The cove‐type 2D GNRs networks (GNNs) were fabricated from the GNR, 5‐CGNR‐1‐1, synthesized using the precursor of DBSP. Annealing of high‐density self‐assembled GNRs on the surface of Au(111) through two‐zone chemical vapour deposition (2Z CVD) successfully generated a 2D interconnected structure with high yield via the fusion and ladder coupling reactions of GNR chains. In order to validate the later fusion reaction, we have also synthesized the GNR, 7‐AGNR‐1‐1, using the precursor of DBBA. The GNNs, which consist of hybridized metallic‐like and semiconducting GNRs, are a new class of carbon‐based materials. Further, we applied this material for thermoelectric (TE) applications and found a very low cross‐plane thermal conductivity of 0.11 Wm−1 K−1, which is one of the lowest value among the carbon‐based materials as well as inorganic semiconductors, while maintaining the cross‐plane electrical conductivity of 188 S m−1.
Decision‐makers use social information to update their preferences but choose for others as they do for themselves
Authors: Michael John , Gutoreva Alina , Lee Michele H. , Tan Peng Ning , Bruce Eleanor M. , Székely Marcell , Ankush Thobhani , Sakaguchi Hiroaki , Walasek Lukasz , Ludvig Elliot A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPeople's risky decisions are susceptible to the social context in which they take place. Across three experiments using different paradigms, we investigated the influence of three social factors upon participants' decisions: the recipient of the decision‐making outcome (self, other, or joint), the nature of the relationship with the other agent (friend, stranger, or teammate), and the type of information that participants received about others' preferences: none at all, general information about how previous participants had decided, or information about a specific partner's preference. We found that participants' decisions about risk did not differ according to whether the outcome at stake was their own, another agent's, or a joint outcome, nor according to the type of information available. Participants did, however, adjust their preferences for risky options in light of social information.