bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft genome assembly and transcriptome data of the icefish Chionodraco myersi reveal the key role of mitochondria for a life without hemoglobin at subzero temperatures
Authors: Bargelloni Luca , Babbucci Massimiliano , Ferraresso Serena , Papetti Chiara , Vitulo Nicola , Carraro Roberta , Pauletto Marianna , Santovito Gianfranco , Lucassen Magnus , Mark Felix Christopher , Zane Lorenzo , Patarnello Tomaso 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAntarctic fish belonging to Notothenioidei represent an extraordinary example of radiation in the cold. In addition to the absence of hemoglobin, icefish show a number of other striking peculiarities including large-diameter blood vessels, high vascular densities, mitochondria-rich muscle cells, and unusual mitochondrial architecture. In order to investigate the bases of icefish adaptation to the extreme Southern Ocean conditions we sequenced the complete genome of the icefish Chionodraco myersi. Comparative analyses of the icefish genome with those of other teleost species, including two additional white-blooded and five red-blooded notothenioids, provided a new perspective on the evolutionary loss of globin genes. Muscle transcriptome comparative analyses against red-blooded notothenioids as well as temperate fish revealed the peculiar regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial function in icefish. Gene duplication and promoter sequence divergence were identified as genome-wide patterns that likely contributed to the broad transcriptional program underlying the unique features of icefish mitochondria.
The protective effect of thymoquinone on tert-butylhydroquinone induced cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Karimi Zahra , Ghaffari Maryam , Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi Jafar , Dehghan Parvin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
2-tert-Butyl-4-hydroquinone (TBHQ) is used for inhibition of oxidative rancidity in the food industry. However, this antioxidant can stimulate cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Thus, potential protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) against TBHQ-induced cytotoxicity were investigated. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via MTT, flow cytometry, DAPI staining and DNA fragmentation methods. The obtained results revealed that treatment of HUVECs with TQ enhanced the cell viability rate and it had potential to reduce the cytotoxicity effect of TBHQ in cells. Also, in a combined regime of TQ and TBHQ, apoptosis was reduced compared to the cells treated with TBHQ (p &lt; 0.05). Similarly, TQ had a protective effect on DNA and chromatin fragmentation of the cells treated with TBHQ. Finally, it can be concluded that TQ could be used as a protective agent against cytotoxicity induced by TBHQ in HUVECs.
miR-125 inhibits colorectal cancer proliferation and invasion by targeting TAZ
Authors: Yang Meiyuan , Tang Xiaoli , Wang Zheng , Wu Xiaoqing , Tang Dong , Wang Daorong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide and is a serious threat to human health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in oncogenesis and cancer progression. MiRNA-125 (miR-125) is an important miRNA that is dysregulated in several kinds of cancers. Thus, we investigated the expression and effects of miR-125 and Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) for a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of tumor progression in CRC, which may provide an emerging biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of CRC. We measured the expression levels of miR-125 in CRC tissues, adjacent tissues, and cell lines (e.g. HCT116, SW480, FHC) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effect of miR-125 on proliferation and invasion in CRC cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), clone formation assay, and transwell assay. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the expression of TAZ after knocking down miR-125 in HCT116 cells or overexpressing miR-125 in SW480 cells. MiR-125 was significantly down-regulated in CRC compared with pericarcinomatous tissue from 18 patients. An miR-125 inhibitor promoted CRC cell proliferation and invasion, while miR-125 mimic had the opposite effect. Moreover, we found that TAZ was an miR-125 target and the siRNA knockdown of TAZ could reverse the effect of the miR-125 inhibitor on proliferation and invasion in HCT116 cells. The present study shows that miR-125 suppresses CRC proliferation and invasion by targeting TAZ.
Molecular basis of arrhythmic substrate in ageing murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator deficient hearts modelling mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Edling Charlotte E. , Fazmin Ibrahim T. , Saadeh Khalil , Chadda Karan R. , Ahmad Shiraz , Valli Haseeb , Huang Christopher L.-H. , Jeevaratnam Kamalan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Ageing and chronic metabolic disorders are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac pro-arrhythmic phenotypes which were recently attributed to slowed atrial and ventricular action potential (AP) conduction in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator deficient (Pgc-1β−/−) mice. Methods: We compared expression levels of voltage-gated Na+ channel (NaV1.5) and gap junction channels, Connexins 40 and 43 (Cx40 and Cx43) in the hearts of young and old, and wild-type (WT) and Pgc-1β−/− mice. This employed Western blotting (WB) for NaV1.5, Cx40 and Cx43 in atrial/ventricular tissue lysates, and immunofluorescence (IF) from Cx43 was explored in tissue sections. Results were analysed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for independent/interacting effects of age and genotype. Results: In atria, increased age and Pgc-1β−/− genotype each independently decreased both Cx40 and Cx43 expression without interacting effects. In IF experiments, both age and Pgc-1β deletion independently reduced Cx43 expression. In ventricles, age and genotype exerted interacting effects in WB studies of NaV1.5 expression. Young Pgc-1β−/− then showed greater NaV1.5 expression than young WT ventricles. However, neither age nor Pgc-1β deletion affected Cx43 expression, independently or through interacting effects in both WB and IF studies. Conclusion: Similar pro-arrhythmic atrial/ventricular phenotypes arise in aged/Pgc-1β−/− from differing contributions of altered protein expression and functional effects that may arise from multiple acute mechanisms.
Warm dust surface chemistry
Authors: Thi W. F. , Hocuk S. , Kamp I. , Woitke P. , Rab Ch. , Cazaux S. , Caselli P. 
Published: November 2019

Context.Molecular hydrogen (H2) is the main constituent of the gas in the planet-forming disks that surround many pre-main-sequence stars. H2can be incorporated in the atmosphere of the nascent giant planets in disks. Deuterium hydride (HD) has been detected in a few disks and can be considered the most reliable tracer of H2, provided that its abundance throughout the disks with respect to H2is well understood.Aims.We wish to form H2and HD efficiently for the varied conditions encountered in protoplanetary disks: the densities vary from 104to 1016cm−3; the dust temperatures range from 5 to 1500 K, the gas temperatures go from 5 to a few 1000 Kelvin, and the ultraviolet radiation field can be 107stronger than the standard interstellar field.Methods.We implemented a comprehensive model of H2and HD formation on cold and warm grain surfaces and via hydrogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the physico-chemical code PROtoplanetary DIsk MOdel. The H2and HD formation on dust grains can proceed via the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Ridel mechanisms for physisorbed or chemisorbed H (D) atoms. H2and HD also form by H (D) abstraction from hydrogenated neutral and ionised PAHs and via gas phase reactions.Results.H2and HD are formed efficiently on dust grain surfaces from 10 to ~700 K. All the deuterium is converted into HD in UV shielded regions as soon as H2is formed by gas-phase D abstraction reactions. The detailed model compares well with standard analytical prescriptions for H2(HD) formation. At low temperature, H2is formed from the encounter of two physisorbed atoms. HD molecules form on the grain surfaces and in the gas-phase. At temperatures greater than 20 K, the encounter between a weakly bound H- (or D-) atom or a gas-phase H (D) atom and a chemisorbed atom is the most efficient H2formation route. H2formation through hydrogenated PAHs alone is efficient above 80 K. However, the contribution of hydrogenated PAHs to the overall H2and HD formation is relatively low if chemisorption on silicate is taken into account and if a small hydrogen abstraction cross-section is used. The H2and HD warm grain surface network is a first step in the construction of a network of high-temperature surface reactions.
Assessment of friction pair elements condition based on changes in the geometric surface structure isotropicity degree
Authors: Matuszewski Maciej , Słomion Małgorzata , Mazurkiewicz Adam , Pimenov Danil Yu. 
Published: November 2019

This paper regards the possibility of using the degree of the surface isotropicity to assess the condition of the surface layer friction pair elements. The analysis is based on certain changes in operational and technological surface layer. The methods of constituting the surface layer have been characterized due to the features of geometric surface structure as well as the problem of assessing the condition of surface in terms of functional features and tribological characteristics.
The evaluation of the occurring changes in the surface layer have been conducted by performing tribological tests and for descript condition of surfaces the degree of surface isotropicity and weight loss of specimens have been adopted. Whereas the assessment of technological state of the surface layer has been carried out for the surface after its coating. Based on the analysis, it has been found that the use for assessment the condition of surface layer and the degree of the surface isotropicity are useful and it is an alternative way or supplement to classical adoption of a properly selected set of roughness parameters to evaluate the potential functional characteristics of friction couples surfaces.
Präzisionsonkologie revolutioniert Nuklearmedizin mit theranostischem Ansatz
Authors: Becker Dirk Wolfram , Knopp Roger , Kunkel Falk , Schwarz Uwe , Seemann Johanna , Thieme Stefan 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungRadiopharmazeutika erleben dank spektakulärer Forschungserfolge eine Renaissance. Große Hoffnungen richten sich auf Methoden, mit denen Mediziner versteckte Krebsgeschwüre aufspüren und dann zielgenau bekämpfen können.Mit der Registrierung von 90Y als Yttriga und der bahnbrechenden weltweit ersten Zulassung des 68Ge/68Ga-Radionuklidgenerators GalliaPharm® hat Eckert & Ziegler den Weg für einen theranostischen Ansatz in der Nuklearmedizin und Onkologie geebnet.Eckert & Ziegler positioniert sich hier als Komplettanbieter für die klinische Routine und die pharmazeutische Industrie.Das Unternehmen bietet folgende Produkte aus einer Hand: Pharmazeutische Entwicklung von Liganden, die mit Nukliden für PET und Therapie auf Modular Lab-Synthesemodulen markiert werden können; Herstellung von gebrauchsfertigen Arzneimitteln für klinische Studien und Routine; Kalibrierung von Messgeräten; Herstellung von Strahlungsquellen zur Qualitätskontrolle; Kameratechnik und Strahlenschutz sowie Heißzellen für Routinesynthesen für Patienten. Eckert & Ziegler, ein starker Partner für Forscher und Kliniker, verbessert ständig seine Produkte und Dienstleistungen, um die Patienten besser zu versorgen.
Mit dem ersten Atemzug
Authors: Hagena Christian 
Published: November 2019

SummaryDie Terlusollogie® wurde nach den Methoden Erich Wilks von der Kinderärztin Charlotte Hagena begründet und durch ihren Sohn weitergeführt. Entsprechend der Sonnen- und Mondkonstellation zum Zeitpunkt der Geburt werden solare (aktive Ausatmer) von lunaren Atemtypen (aktive Einatmer) unterschieden. Werden spezifische Anforderungen des jeweiligen Typs an die Lebensweise berücksichtigt, verschwinden scheinbar therapieresistente Beschwerden.
Indikationsfremde Anwendung von Medikamenten und Medizinprodukten in der Notfallmedizin
Authors: Ittner Karl Peter , Koppenberg Joachim , Walter Ute 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungWenn zugelassene Arzneimittel außerhalb der in der entsprechenden Fachinformation dargelegten Beschreibungen angewendet werden, dann spricht man von einer nicht zulassungskonformen Anwendung oder von einem Off-Label-Use. Wie in fast allen medizinischen Fachgebieten gibt es auch im Rettungsdienst sogenannte Off-Label-Use-Pharmakotherapien. Sofern evidenzbasierte Informationen zu einer nicht zulassungskonformen Anwendung vorliegen, und insbesondere im konkreten Notfall keine zulassungskonforme Möglichkeit besteht, dann ist diese gerechtfertigt. Verwendet ein Notarzt aber ein Medizinprodukt außerhalb der Zulassung, dann stellt er ein neues Produkt her und haftet persönlich bei einem Patientenschaden.
Facial Gunshot Wounds
Authors: Volk Angela S. , Shokri Tom , Sokoya Mofiyinfolu , Ducic Yadranko , Hollier Larry H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCraniomaxillofacial gunshot injuries, resulting from assault, suicide attempts, and accidental trauma, represent a major public health dilemma in the United States. Due to the extent of injury and resulting osseous and soft tissue loss, facial gunshot wounds pose a unique challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Initial management should use advanced trauma life support principles with the goal of patient stabilization. Acute operative management should center around wound decontamination, debridement, and temporary closure. Historically, definitive surgical management focused on delayed reconstruction secondary to high rates of wound infections, necrosis, and ischemia. With improvements in imaging modalities, the advent of virtual surgical planning, and the popularization of microvascular free flaps, contemporary methods have shifted toward earlier more definitive reconstruction. Autologous free tissue transfer has resulted in a decrease in hospital stay and the number of overall surgeries. Importantly, due to the variability in injury pattern and complexity in reconstruction, a systematic approach toward intervention is needed to mitigate complications and optimize overall functional and aesthetic outcomes.
Foundations of Advanced Neuroanatomy: Technical Guidelines for Specimen Preparation, Dissection, and 3D-Photodocumentation in a Surgical Anatomy Laboratory
Authors: Leonel Luciano César PC , Carlstrom Lucas P. , Graffeo Christopher S. , Perry Avital , Pinheiro-Neto Carlos Diogenes , Sorenson Jeffrey , Link Michael J. , Peris-Celda Maria 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective This study was aimed to provide a key update to the seminal works of Prof. Albert L. Rhoton Jr., MD, with particular attention to previously unpublished insights from the oral tradition of his fellows, recent technological advances including endoscopy, and high-dynamic range (HDR) photodocumentation, and, local improvements in technique, we have developed to optimize efficient neuroanatomic study.
Methods Two formaldehyde-fixed cadaveric heads were injected with colored latex to demonstrate step-by-step specimen preparation for microscopic or endoscopic dissection. One formaldehyde-fixed brain was utilized to demonstrate optimal three-dimensional (3D) photodocumentation techniques.
Results Key steps of specimen preparation include vessel cannulation and securing, serial tap water flushing, specimen drainage, vessel injection with optimized and color-augmented latex material, and storage in 70% ethanol. Optimizations for photodocumentation included the incorporation of dry black drop cloth and covering materials, an imaging-oriented approach to specimen positioning and illumination, and single-camera stereoscopic capture techniques, emphasizing the three-exposure-times-per-eye approach to generating images for HDR postprocessing. Recommended tools, materials, and technical nuances were emphasized throughout. Relative advantages and limitations of major 3D projection systems were comparatively assessed, with sensitivity to audience size and purpose specific recommendations.
Conclusion We describe the first consolidated step-by-step approach to advanced neuroanatomy, including specimen preparation, dissection, and 3D photodocumentation, supplemented by previously unpublished insights from the Rhoton fellowship experience and lessons learned in our laboratories in the past years such that Prof. Rhoton's model can be realized, reproduced, and expanded upon in surgical neuroanatomy laboratories worldwide.
2.1.3 Gold/Organocatalyst Dual Catalysis
Authors: Shi X. , Wang J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSince the beginning of the 21st century, gold catalysis and organocatalysis have become two important branches in modern synthetic methodology thanks to the tremendous efforts the synthetic chemistry community have devoted to these two fields. While gold catalysis demonstrates superior capability in the activation of C-C multiple bonds, organocatalysis has been a remarkable tool for the activation and functionalization of carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes and ketones, in a stereoselective fashion. Combining these two powerful, yet complementary, catalytic modes in a dual-catalytic manner will lead to even more-efficient and sophisticated catalytic systems and, thus, dual gold/organocatalysis has become a hot topic in the past decade. In this chapter, a summary of reported examples of dual gold/organocatalysis are discussed, including gold/aminocatalysis, gold/Brønsted acid catalysis, and gold/hydrogen-bonding catalysis.
2.4 Organocatalyst/Photocatalyst Dual Catalysis
Authors: Zeitler K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent advances in dual-catalytic methods combining organocatalysis with (visible-light) photocatalysis are detailed within this chapter. It summarizes general aspects together with selected state-of-the-art procedures, highlighting both pioneering examples and current developments.The merger of organocatalysis with photocatalysis has proven to be enormously powerful, not only because it provides a synthetic platform to readily access radical intermediates within an organocatalytic manifold and its potential to alter the reactivity of typical organocatalytic intermediates, but also due to the new opportunities in asymmetric synthesis. The synergistic dual combination with organocatalysis enables photocatalytic reactions to be conducted in an enantioselective fashion and thereby has had a profound influence on several fields of current chemical research, including radical chemistry.
Tapered erbium-doped fibre laser system delivering 10 MW of peak power
Authors: Andrianov A.V. , Koptev M.Yu. , Anashkina E.A. , Muravyev S.V. , Kim A.V. , Lipatov D.S. , Velmiskin V.V. , Levchenko A.E. , Bubnov M.M. , Likhachev M.E. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We consider a fibre laser system generating ∼10-μJ, ∼500-fs pulses with a peak power of ∼10 MW at a repetition rate of 100 kHz and emission wavelength of 1.56 μm. The system is based on a master oscillator – power amplifier configuration. The amplifier ensures chirped-pulse amplification. The pulses are then compressed by a dispersive grating compressor. The output amplifier stage is based on a specially designed tapered large mode area erbium-doped fibre for suppressing nonlinear effects. The experimental data agree with numerical simulation results for the stretcher, amplifier and compressor. The stretcher and amplifier have been simulated using a generalised nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In addition, numerical simulation results suggest that optimising the stretcher and compressor will potentially allow the peak power of the system to be scaled up to ∼30 MW.
SRS generation of femtosecond pulses in a methane-filled revolver hollow-core optical fibre
Authors: Gladyshev A.V. , Astapovich M.S. , Yatsenko Yu.P. , Kosolapov A.F. , Okhrimchuk A.G. , Bufetov I.A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The influence of the width of pump pulses (with λ
p = 1.026 μm) on the SRS generation of femtosecond pulses in a methane-filled hollow-core fibre is investigated. The width of pump pulses is controlled by transmitting them through an optical dispersion-managed system and thus making them linear frequency-modulated (chirped). Regimes of both the preferred SRS generation of femtosecond pulses at the Stokes wavelength (λ
st = 1.464 μm) and the generation of a multiband supercontinuum are experimentally demonstrated. A quantum efficiency of 41 % and a pulse width of 590 fs at the Stokes wavelength are obtained for the 1.026 → 1.464 nm Raman generation.
Methods for compensation of nonlinear effects in multichannel data transfer systems based on dynamic neural networks
Authors: Sidelnikov O.S. , Redyuk A.A. , Sygletos S. , Fedoruk M.P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A scheme for compensation of nonlinear effects in multichannel data transfer systems based on dynamic neural networks is proposed. An improved quality of optical signal transfer in this scheme in comparison with the signal transfer in a scheme based on a neural network using symbols from only one channel is demonstrated.
Gold as a catalyst. Part III. Addition to double bonds
Authors: Alyabyev Sergey B. , Beletskaya Irina P. 
Published: November 2019

This publication is a continuation of the series of reviews devoted to the state of the art of gold catalysis in organic chemistry. The third review covers gold-catalyzed reactions of compounds containing double bonds. The reactions of alkenes, cumulated and conjugated dienes and enynes with different types of nucleophiles, including those with heteroatoms (oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur), are considered.
The bibliography includes 355 references.
Natural and synthetic cytokinins and their applications in biotechnology, agrochemistry and medicine
Authors: Oshchepkov Maxim S. , Kalistratova Antonida V. , Savelieva Ekaterina M. , Romanov Georgy A. , Bystrova Natalia A. , Kochetkov Konstantin A. 
Published: November 2019

The review is devoted to cytokinins — classical plant hormones known for more than six decades. Nevertheless, different aspects of the action of cytokinins are still being investigated. Relevant studies produced interesting, often unexpected, results, which cast doubt on the old paradigms and open new prospects for the use of these phytohormones. Particular attention is given to recent advances in the applications of natural cytokinins and their synthetic analogues in biotechnology, agriculture, medicine and cosmetics. The chemical synthesis, properties and the possible use of artificial cytokinins are considered in detail. The review is aimed at researchers interested in the development and applications of new biologically active compounds with a wide spectrum of action on diverse biological objects, from plants to humans.The bibliography includes 233 references.
Computational liquid-phase and solid-state 29Si NMR
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: November 2019

This review focuses on the computational aspects of 29Si NMR chemical shifts and spin – spin coupling constants involving the 29Si nucleus. It concentrates on the electronic and stereochemical effects manifesting in these parameters, calculated at different levels of theory with a special emphasis on their practical applications. For 29Si NMR chemical shifts, a good deal of interest is focused on the less common solid state studies, in addition to more popular liquid state data. For spin – spin coupling constants, the main interest is concentrated on the mostly common 29Si – 1H and 29Si – 13C couplings. The review is written in memory of the Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Mikhail G. Voronkov in view of his invaluable contribution to the field of organosilicon chemistry and 29Si NMR.
The bibliography includes 93 references.