bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient classification of chronic kidney disease by using multi‐kernel support vector machine and fruit fly optimization algorithm
Authors: Jerlin Rubini L. , Perumal Eswaran 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn recent days, the gigantic generation of medical data from smart healthcare applications requires the development of big data classification methodologies. Medical data classification can be utilized for visualizing the hidden patterns and finding the presence of disease from the medical data. In this article, we present an efficient multi‐kernel support vector machine (MKSVM) and fruit fly optimization algorithm (FFOA) for disease classification. Initially, FFOA is employed to choose the finest features from the available set of features. The selected features from the medical dataset are processed and provided to the MKSVM for medical data classification purposes. The proposed chronic kidney disease (CKD) classification method has been simulated in MATLAB. Next, testing of the dataset takes place using the own benchmark CKD dataset from UCI machine learning repositories such as Kidney chronic, Cleveland, Hungarian, and Switzerland. The performance of the proposed CKD classification method is elected by accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false positive rate, and false negative rate. The investigational outcome specifies that the proposed CKD classification method achieves maximum classification precision value of 98.5% for chronic kidney dataset, 90.42904% for Cleveland, 89.11565% for Hungarian, and 86.17886% for Switzerland dataset than existing hybrid kernel SVM, fuzzy min‐max GSO neural network, and SVM methods.
A laminin‐211‐derived bioactive peptide promotes the osseointegration of a sandblasted, large‐grit, acid‐etched titanium implant
Authors: Choi Jung‐Yoo , Kim Sungjin , Jo Seung Bin , Kang Hyun Ki , Jung Sung Youn , Kim Sang Wha , Min Byung‐Moo , Yeo In‐Sung Luke 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEarly implant loading is very important for reducing the duration of missing teeth in human patients. The laminin‐derived peptide, DLTIDDSYWYRI motif (Ln2‐P3), accelerates bone healing. Therefore, to investigate the hypothesis that Ln2‐P3 increases the bone response to sandblasted, large‐grit, acid‐etched (SLA) titanium implants, the effect of the Ln2‐P3 peptide on the osseointegration of SLA titanium implants was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Human osteoblast‐like cells were cultured on untreated, scrambled peptide (SP)‐treated, and Ln2‐P3‐treated SLA titanium discs, and the cellular responses of these cells were evaluated. The Ln2‐P3 treatment augmented osteoblast attachment and spreading, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the expression of osteogenic marker genes. Furthermore, the untreated and Ln2‐P3‐treated SLA titanium implants were inserted into the tibiae of rabbits for 9 and 11 days. Compared with the untreated implants, the Ln2‐P3‐treated implants showed a significantly higher bone‐to‐implant contact ratio at Day 9 after implantation and an increased bone area. The Ln2‐P3 treatment of the SLA titanium implant surface augmented osteoblastic activity and accelerated peri‐implant bone formation at the bone–implant interface. Overall, these results indicated that compared with the SLA titanium surface alone, the Ln2‐P3 peptide‐treated SLA titanium surface enhances initial osseointegration, thereby facilitating earlier implant loading.
Cell alignment by smectic liquid crystal elastomer coatings with nanogrooves
Authors: Babakhanova Greta , Krieger Jess , Li Bing‐Xiang , Turiv Taras , Kim Min‐Ho , Lavrentovich Oleg D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractControl of cells behavior through topography of substrates is an important theme in biomedical applications. Among many materials used as substrates, polymers show advantages since they can be tailored by chemical functionalization. Fabrication of polymer substrates with nano‐ and microscale topography requires processing by lithography, microprinting, etching, and so forth. In this work, we introduce a different approach based on anisotropic elastic properties of polymerized smectic A (SmA) liquid crystal elastomer (LCE). When the SmA liquid crystal coating is deposited onto a substrate with planar alignment of the molecules, it develops nanogrooves at its free surface. After photopolymerization, these nanogrooves show an excellent ability to align human dermal fibroblasts over large areas. The alignment quality is good for both bare SmA LCE substrates and for substrates coated with fibronectin. The SmA LCE nano‐topographies show a high potential for tissue engineering.
In vivo degradation rate of alginate–chitosan hydrogels influences tissue repair following physeal injury
Authors: Erickson Christopher B. , Newsom Jake P. , Fletcher Nathan A. , Feuer Zachary M. , Yu Yangyi , Rodriguez‐Fontan Francisco , Hadley Miller Nancy , Krebs Melissa D. , Payne Karin A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe physis is a cartilaginous tissue in children's long bones that is responsible for bone elongation. Physeal injuries can heal with bony repair tissue known as a “bony bar,” and this can cause growth deformities. Current treatments involve surgical resection of the bony bar and insertion of inert materials in hopes of preventing bony bar re‐formation and preserving bone elongation. However, these materials frequently fail and the bony bar commonly returns. This study investigated alginate–chitosan hydrogels as interpositional materials to block bony bar formation in a rat model of physeal injury. Further, biomaterial properties such as substrate stiffness, permeability, and degradation rate were studied. Different ratio alginate:chitosan hydrogels with or without calcium cross‐linking were tested for their inhibition of bony bar formation and restoration of the injured physis. Alginate:chitosan were mixed (a) 90:10 with calcium (90:10 + Ca); (b) 50:50 with calcium (50:50 + Ca); (c) 50:50 without calcium (50:50 − Ca); and (d) 50:50 made with irradiated alginate (IA) and without calcium. We found that repair tissue was determined primarily by the in vivo degradation rate of alginate–chitosan hydrogels. 90:10 + Ca had a slow degradation rate, prevented cellular infiltration, and produced the most bony bar tissue while having softer, more permeable material properties. IA had the fastest degradation, showed high cellular infiltration, and produced the most cartilage‐like tissue while having stiffer, less permeable material properties. Our results suggest that the in vivo biomaterial degradation rate is a dynamic property that can be optimized to influence cell fate and tissue repair in physeal injuries.
Effect of PET‐CT on disease recurrence and management in patients with potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. Long‐term results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Serrano Pablo E. , Gu Chu‐Shu , Moulton Carol‐Anne , Husien Mohamed , Jalink Diederick , Martel Guillaume , Tsang Melanie E. , Hallet Julie , McAlister Vivian , Gallinger Steven , Levine Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative evaluation of resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases with positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (PET‐CT) is used extensively. The PETCAM trial evaluated the effect of PET‐CT (intervention) vs no PET‐CT (control) on surgical management. PET‐CT resulted in 8% change in surgical management, therefore, we aimed to compare long‐term outcomes (disease‐free [DFS], overall survival [OS]).MethodsTrial recruitment (2005‐2010) had prospective follow‐up until 2013. Events from 2013 to 2017 were collected retrospectively. Survival was described by the Kaplan‐Meier method and compared with log‐rank test. Oncologic risk factors were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsAmong 404 patients randomized, there were no differences in DFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89 to 1.43) or OS (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.78‐1.32) between groups. For all patients randomized, median DFS (PET‐CT vs no PET‐CT) was 16 months (95% CI, 13‐18) and 15 months (95% CI, 11‐22), P = .33. For patients who underwent liver resection (n = 368), DFS (17 vs 16 months, P = .51) and OS (58 months vs 52 months, P = .90) were similar between groups, respectively. Risk factors for DFS and OS were age, tumor size, node‐positive disease, extrahepatic metastases and disease‐free duration.ConclusionPreoperative PET‐CT changes surgical management in a small percentage of cases, without effect on recurrence rates or long‐term survival.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Patients With Vocal Fold Atrophy
Authors: Okui Ayako , Konomi Ujimoto , Kanazawa Takeharu , Komazawa Daigo , Nakamura Kazuhiro , Matsushima Koji , Watanabe Yusuke 
Published: February 2020

Objectives/HypothesisIn recent years, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) injection has been used in the treatment of aging‐related vocal fold atrophy. This injection not only improves closure by increasing the mass of the vocal fold but also improves its viscoelasticity. However, it has been reported that fibroblasts targeted by bFGF treatment decrease in number with age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of local injection of bFGF on age‐related vocal atrophy as well as the influence of age on phonological outcomes.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsFifty‐three patients with age‐related vocal fold atrophy underwent single injections of bFGF in their vocal folds. Phonological outcomes were evaluated 3 and 6 months after injection by acoustic and aerodynamic measurements.ResultsVoice Handicap Index (VHI), maximum phonation time (MPT), jitter, shimmer, and pitch range improved after injection, and the effects continued for 6 months. In those over 70 years of age, VHI and MPT showed improvement at 3 and 6 months after injection. In addition, the degree of improvement in VHI and MPT did not differ significantly between those older than 70 years and those younger than 70 years.ConclusionsRegenerative treatments dependent on bFGF single injection was safe and effective for both early and late elderly patients suffering of vocal fold atrophy.Level of Evidence2c Laryngoscope, 2020
Prevalence of denervation in the intrinsic foot muscles in patients with distal predominantly small fiber neuropathy
Authors: Parikh Prachi , Polston David , Li Yuebing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the significance of electromyographic findings in the intrinsic foot muscles (IFMs) of patients with skin biopsy proven small fiber neuropathy (SFN).MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective analysis of patients who underwent skin biopsy for intra‐epidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) measurement and electrodiagnostic (EDX) study for evaluation of polyneuropathy.ResultsA total of 1416 patents with normal lower extremity EDX studies proximal to the foot were included. Active denervation was seen in 16.1% of IFMs in patients with skin biopsy proven SFN and 4.1% of patients without SFN (P < .0001). Reinnervation changes without active denervation were observed in 30.4% of SFN patients and 23.8% of patients without SFN (P = .01). IENFD was lower in SFN patients with active denervation in IFMs than without (P < .0001).ConclusionsEvaluation of active denervation in the IFMs can reveal large fiber dysfunction in SFN patients with otherwise normal routine EDX findings.
Manufacturing and characterization of hemp‐reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: del Borrello Michele , Mele Mattia , Campana Giampaolo , Secchi Matteo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe adoption of natural‐based fibers in place of inorganic reinforcements is an effective approach to reduce the environmental and economic impact of composite materials. In particular, hemp is an attractive solution due to its mechanical, physical, and growing properties. The present article deals with the manufacturing of thermoset hemp‐reinforced composite materials. In particular, the investigation moves into the production by resin transfer molding and by resin powder molding with the use of epoxy polymeric material. To describe the effects of the technological cycle onto the characteristic of realized products, different manufacturing parameters have been combined during the braiding of reinforcement and the polymerization of the final composite. Computed tomography, microscopical analysis, and tensile tests have been used to observe the main effects of the manufacturing process and mechanical properties of the materials. Furthermore, elastic moduli of the materials have been estimated by means of modified rule of mixture and Halpin‐Tsai models in order to verify their effectiveness in forecasting stiffness of the hemp‐reinforced composites in the early design phase. The article extends the existing knowledge base on hemp‐reinforced thermoset composites manufactured with different processes. Results also illustrate relations existing between error introduced by calculation models and the intrinsic variability in mechanical properties.
PEGylated hollow pH‐responsive polymeric nanocapsules for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Massoumi Bakhshali , Abbasian Mojtaba , Jahanban‐Esfahlan Rana , Motamedi Sanaz , Samadian Hadi , Rezaei Aram , Derakhshankhah Hossein , Farnudiyan‐Habibi Amir , Jaymand Mehdi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNovel pH‐responsive PEGylated hollow nanocapsules (HNCaps) were fabricated through a combination of distillation–precipitation copolymerization and surface thiol–ene ‘click’ grafting reaction. For this purpose, SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using the Stöber approach, and then modified using 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS). Afterward, a mixture of triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (as crosslinker), acrylic acid (AA; as pH‐responsive monomer) and MPS‐modified SiO2 nanoparticles (as sacrificial template) was copolymerized using the distillation–precipitation approach to afford SiO2@PAA core–shell nanoparticles. The SiO2 core was etched from SiO2@PAA using HF solution, and the obtained PAA HNCaps were grafted with a thiol‐end‐capped poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) through a thiol–ene ‘click’ reaction to produce PAA‐g‐PEG HNCaps. The fabricated HNCaps were loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) as a model anticancer drug, and their drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies as well as pH‐dependent drug release behavior were investigated. The anticancer activity of the drug‐loaded HNCaps was extensively evaluated using MTT assay against human breast cancer cells (MCF7). The cytotoxicity assay results as well as superior physicochemical and biological features of the fabricated HNCaps mean that the developed DOX‐loaded HNCaps have excellent potential for cancer chemotherapy. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of ionic polymers by free radical polymerization using aprotic trimethylsilylmethyl‐substituted monomers
Authors: Kaestner Pia , Strehmel Veronika 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAprotic ionic polymers containing trimethylsilylmethyl‐substituted imidazolium structures are synthesized using free radical polymerization of monomers comprising a vinyl group either at the cation or at the anion. Bulk polymerization is used for the room temperature ionic liquid monomer 1‐trimethylsilylmethyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. In contrast to this, solution polymerization is applied for 1‐trimethylsilylmethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium p‐styrene sulfonate because this monomer undergoes self‐polymerization during melting at a higher temperature than selected for bulk polymerization. Glass transition temperature (T
g) of the ionic polymers and intrinsic viscosity measurements indicate differences between these polymers, which are composed either of a polycation with a trimethylsilylmethyl substituent at each vinylimidazolium segment of the polymer chain and mobile bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NTf2−) anions or a polyanion containing p‐styrene sulfonate segments and mobile 1‐trimethylsilylmethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cations. The new aprotic ionic polymers containing trimethylsilylmethyl substituents may be interesting for application in adhesive, interlayer and membrane manufacturing.
Nature of the chemical bonding inD3h[MH3M]+cations (M = Be, Mg)
Authors: Penotti Fabio E. , Cooper David L. , Karadakov Peter B. , Ponec Robert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMotivated by the particularly short metal‐metal distance that has been predicted for theD3h[BeH3Be]+cation, comparable to those anticipated for triple bonds, we investigate the nature of the bonding interactions in theD3h[MH3M]+cations (M = Be, Mg). CCSD(T)/cc‐pVQZ calculations are used to determine optimized geometries for all of the various species, including those “capped” by He or Ne atoms (as proxies for an inert gas matrix). The primary tools that are then used to investigate the nature of the chemical bonding are spin‐coupled generalized valence bond calculations and the analysis of localized natural orbitals and of domain‐averaged Fermi holes. The various results for all of the systems considered indicate the presence of highly polar three‐center two‐electron M─H─M bonding character instead of any significant direct metal‐metal bonding.
Head‐up display assisted endoscopic lumbar discectomy—A technical note
Authors: Liounakos Jason I. , Urakov Timur , Wang Michael Y. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive surgery is heavily dependent on indirect visualization and image guidance, often resulting in non‐ergonomic postures. Minimally invasive surgeons are more likely to experience neck pain, shoulder pain, and fatigue compared to open surgeons. Spinal endoscopy is rapidly increasing in popularity among minimally invasive spine surgeons. A primary ergonomic issue is the position of the endoscope display, which is often not in line with the operative field or the surgeon's natural line of sight.MethodsSmart glasses providing a head‐up display are used in a case of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy to bring the surgeon's line of sight into parallel with the operative field.ResultsBringing the surgeon's visual and motor axes into parallel resulted in a more comfortable and ergonomic operating position.ConclusionsHead‐up displays may provide an elegant and relatively simple solution to the issue of inadequate ergonomics in minimally invasive surgery.
The M-theory archipelago
Authors: Agmon Nathan B. , Chester Shai M. , Pufu Silviu S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We combine supersymmetric localization results and the numerical conformal bootstrap technique to study the 3d maximally supersymmetric ($$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 8) CFT on N coincident M2-branes (the U(N)k × U(N)−k ABJM theory at Chern-Simons level k = 1). In particular, we perform a mixed correlator bootstrap study of the superconformal primaries of the stress tensor multiplet and of the next possible lowest-dimension half-BPS multiplet that is allowed by 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 8 superconformal symmetry. Of all known 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 8 SCFTs, the k = 1 ABJM theory is the only one that contains both types of multiplets in its operator spectrum. By imposing the values of the short OPE coefficients that can be computed exactly using supersymmetric localization, we are able to derive precise islands in the space of semi-short OPE coefficients for an infinite number of such coefficients. We find that these islands decrease in size with increasing N. More generally, we also analyze 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 8 SCFT that contain both aforementioned multiplets in their operator spectra without inputing any additional information that is specific to ABJM theory. For such theories, we compute upper and lower bounds on the semi-short OPE coefficients as well as upper bounds on the scaling dimension of the lowest unprotected scalar operator. These latter bounds are more constraining than the analogous bounds previously derived from a single correlator bootstrap of the stress tensor multiplet. This leads us to conjecture that the U(N)2 × U(N + 1)−2 ABJ theory, and not the k = 1 ABJM theory, saturates the single correlator bounds.
Integration of robust and tolerance design in early stages of the product development process
Authors: Goetz Stefan , Schleich Benjamin , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDue to the tightening of requirements and the increasing complexity of products, robust design becomes more and more important in the context of a straightforward product development. Although various robust design methods have been evolved to support the design of products that are less sensitive to variations, these methods are not sufficiently integrated into early stages of the product development process. This is mainly due to the lack of concrete product data necessary for robustness evaluation and tolerance specification. For this reason, it is still unclear to product development engineers when and how to apply existing approaches for enhancing the robustness of products. Therefore, this paper describes a holistic methodology that supports the designer in developing a robust product layout including an initial, validated tolerance specification based on the functional requirements. The proposed framework focuses on the close linkage of robust design activities with product data along the product development process and demonstrates the resulting benefits of an early consideration of variations and tolerances. In addition to the proper choice of robust product concepts and their corresponding spatial arrangement in the product structure, the approach allows a conceptual tolerance specification and the subsequent CAD-based analysis based on the preliminary design. Thus, the proposed approach aims to reduce iterations in the conventional tolerancing. To demonstrate the process, the methodology is applied to an electric window regulator.
Digitization of the budgeting process: determinants of the use of business analytics and its effect on satisfaction with the budgeting process
Authors: Bergmann Mareike , Brück Christian , Knauer Thorsten , Schwering Anja 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince the use of business analytics promises automation of business processes and time savings, the budgeting process seems predestined for the integration of analytical methods. Therefore, this study examines the determinants of the use of business analytics in the budgeting process and its effect on satisfaction with the budgeting process. Specifically, we focus on one technical determinant (data infrastructure sophistication) and the importance of the two major budgeting functions (the planning and the evaluation function), which could affect the degree of dissemination of using analytical methods. Based on a survey among German companies, we find, as predicted, that the sophistication of the data infrastructure is positively associated with the use of business analytics in the budgeting process. Further, the more a company emphasizes the planning function, the greater the extent to which business analytics is used in the budgeting process. In contrast, we find no association between the evaluation function and the use of business analytics in the budgeting process. Finally, we find that the use of business analytics is positively associated with satisfaction with the budgeting process. Thus, the use of business analytics can help to overcome dissatisfaction with traditional budgeting systems. Overall, our findings provide practitioners with valuable indications under which circumstances the use of analytical methods appears reasonable.