bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associated factors with awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among 3,579 hypertensive adults in China: data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey
Authors: Wei junxiang , Xin Bo , Li Yan , Wang Youfa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Hypertension prevalence is high and rising in China, but it is inadequately controlled. This study investigated hypertension awareness, treatment, and control and their associated factors among Chinese adults. Methods: Data collected from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 12,991 Chinese adults were used. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg, self-reported prior diagnosed hypertension, or taking antihypertensive medications. Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control were defined as a self-reported diagnosis of hypertension, current use of antihypertensive medication, and blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine factors associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control. Results: Overall, 3,579 (27.6%) of the CHNS adult participants had hypertension, of whom 55.7% were aware of their diagnosis, 46.5% were treated with antihypertensive medications, but only 20.3% had their blood pressure controlled. Rates of hypertension awareness and treatment varied across population subgroups; higher likelihood was associated with being female (OR = 1.37; 95%CI, 1.12-1.66), older age (1.57; 1.65-4.02), urban residence (1.50; 1.14-1.97), living in the Eastern region (1.52; 1.14-2.01), having overweight/obesity (1.99; 1.39-2.84), and engaging in less healthy lifestyles. Lower control rate was associated with obesity (0.56; 0.42-0.76) and minority ethnicity (0.52; 0.31-0.86). Conclusion: Hypertension is a major public health burden in China. Rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control are still low despite efforts that have been made. More intensive screening and treatment intervention programs are needed in the future.
Intensity of end-of-life health care and 30-day mortality after systemic anti-cancer treatment in patients with advanced lung cancer
Authors: Oselin Kersti , Pisarev Heti , Ilau Keit , Kiivet Raul-Allan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to study the mortality and intensity of health care in patients with advanced lung cancer assigned to systemic anti-cancer treatment (SACT) compared with patients who were not eligible for SACT (no-SACT). Methods: A retrospective cohort of lung cancer patients, who were treated at the North Estonia Medical Centre from 2015–2017, was linked to population-based health care data from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund. We calculated 14- and 30-day mortality after SACT and used a composite measure of intensity of care, comprised from the following: emergency department visit, admission to hospital, admission to intensive care unit, receipt of radiotherapy or systemic treatment. Results: The median overall survival (OS) of patients who received at least one cycle of SACT (n = 489) was 9.1 months and in patients with no-SACT (n = 289) 1.3 months (hazard ratio [HR]=4.23, 95% CI=3.60-5.00). In the SACT group 6.7% and 14.7% of patients died within 14 days and 30 days after the last cycle, respectively. During the final 30 days of life, intensive EOL care was received by 69.9% of the SACT patients and 43.7% of the no-SACT patients (p < 0.001). Among SACT patients, sepsis, bacterial infection and/or neutropenia had a significant adverse effect on survival (HR=1.7, 95% CI=1.3-2.21, p < 0.001), whereas the use of the granulocyte colony stimulating growth factor reduced the risk of death (HR= 0.71, 95% CI=0.55-0.93, p = 0.013). Conclusions: Significant proportions of patients with advanced lung cancer continue to receive intensive care near death. Our results highlight that neutropenia and infectious complications are still the primary cause of early SACT-related death.
A Transcriptomic Variation Map Provides Insights into The Genetic Basis of Pinus massoniana Evolution and Association of Oleoresin Yield
Authors: Liu Qinghua , Xie Yini , Liu Bin , New Huanhuan Yin , Zhou Zhichun , Feng Zhongping , Chen Yadong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.), the dominant native coniferous species in South China, is commercially important for timber and oleoresin. However, knowledge of the genetic variability of the masson pine germplasm is still scarce. Here, the genetic diversity and population structure of masson pine germplasm were assessed using 204 wild accessions from 10 main distribution regions by 94,194 core SNPs obtained from transcriptome sequencing data. Results: The average expected heterozygosity was 0.2724, implying abundant genetic diversity within masson pine germplasm. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 3.29% variation sourced from the genetic differentiation. Structure analysis identified two geographically distinct groups. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) showed one geographically distinct group was divided two clusters furtherly. Sichuan and Chongqing provenance is the geographical origin, and diffuses outward along two lines. Oleoresin yield might be reflected by the evolution, and exhibits two different changing trends between two diffusing line. It may be associated with the genes of chitinase, CYP720B, Cytochrome P450, ABC transporter and AP2/ERF based on SNPs and expression. Conclusions: SNP markers by transcriptome sequencing have a strong power in evaluating genetic diversity within species and the genetic control of objective trait. The function of these genes will be verified and the strong associated genes with oleoresin yield will be used in the improvement of oleoresin yield by early genotype selection or genetic engineering.
Temporal dynamics and ecophysiology of thermophilic composting analyzed through metagenome-assembled genomes
Authors: Setubal João Carlos , Braga Lucas Palma Perez , Pereira Roberta Verciano , Martins Layla Farage , Moura Livia Maria Silva , Sanchez Fabio Beltrame , Patané José Salvatore Leister , Silva Aline Maria da 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Thermophilic composting is a semi-engineered process carried out by diverse microbial communities. Composting is an environment friendly way of degrading biomass; its study may help uncover important biomass-degrading organisms and key enzymes. DNA sequence-based previous studies have presented a general description of the microbial-molecular features of composting, but they have lacked more specific information on the key organisms that are active during the process and their genomes. Methods: We present an analysis of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) obtained from time-series samples of a thermophilic composting process in the São Paulo Zoological Park (Brazil). Our results are based on a careful analysis of MAG gene content and on metabolic modeling of their interactions. Results: We recovered 60 MAGs from sequencing datasets from two separate composting cells. Phylogenetic analysis shows that 47 of these MAGs represent novel taxa at the genus or higher levels. We have analyzed the gene repertoire of these MAGs in terms of lignocellulose degradation, secondary metabolite production, antibiotic resistance genes, denitrification genes, sulfur metabolism, hydrogen metabolism, and oxygen metabolism. For one of the composting cells we also had metatranscriptome data, which allowed a deeper analysis of 49 MAGs. This analysis showed the presence of three distinct clusters of MAGs with varying activity during the 99-day composting process. The interaction model pointed to Sphaerobacter thermophilus and Thermobispora bispora as key players in the process, as well as other bacteria that are novel. Our results also show the importance of coadjuvant bacteria and of microbial functions related to efficient bioenergetic processes during biomass conversion, such as N2O reduction and hydrogenases. A novel acidobacteria MAG encodes N2O reductase hallmark genes (nosZD). Strong metabolic dependencies predicted between MAGs revealed that cross-feeding in composting can be determined by complementary functions found in the genomes of producers and consumers, supporting the Black Queen hypothesis for co-evolutionary interactions. Conclusions: This study reveals for the first time the key bacterial players in thermophilic composting and provides a model of their dynamic metabolic interactions. These findings pave the way for more rational composting procedures and provide information that could help the development of novel biomass-degrading technologies.
Adherence to World Health Organisation guidelines for treatment of early onset neonatal sepsis in low-income settings; a cohort study in Nepal
Authors: Ekman Beatrice , Paudel Prajwal , Basnet Omkar , Ashish KC , Wrammert J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of death during the first month of life and early empirical treatment with injectable antibiotics is a life-saving intervention. Adherence to World Health Organisation guidelines on first line antibiotics is crucial to mitigate the risks of increased antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this paper was to evaluate if treatment of early onset neonatal sepsis in a low-income facility setting observe current guidelines and if compliance is influenced by contextual factors. Methods This cohort study used data on antimicrobial treatment of neonatal sepsis onset within 72 hours of life from 12 regional hospitals participating in a scale-up trial of a neonatal resuscitation quality improvement package intervention in Nepal. Infants treated according to guidelines were compared with those receiving other antimicrobials. A multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for the intervention and time trend was applied. Results 1,564 infants with a preliminary diagnosis of early onset sepsis were included. A majority (74.9%) were treated according to guidelines and adherence was increasing over time. Infants born at larger facilities (adjusted Odds Ratio 5.6), those that were inborn (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.97) or belonging to a family of dis-advantaged caste (adjusted Odds Ratio 2.15) had higher odds for treatment according to guidelines. A clinical presentation of lethargy or tachypnoea was associated with adherence to guidelines. Conclusion Adherence to guidelines for antibiotic treatment of early neonatal sepsis was moderately high in this low-income setting. Odds for observing guidelines increased with facility size, for inborn infants and if the family belonged to a dis-advantaged caste. Cefotaxime was a common alternative choice when guidelines were not followed, highly relevant for the risk of increased antimicrobial resistance.
Effect of vaccine reminder and tracker bracelets on routine childhood immunization coverage and timeliness in urban Pakistan: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Siddiqi Danya Arif , Ali Rozina Feroz , Munir Mehr , Shah Mubarak Taighoon , Khan Aamir J , Chandir Subhash 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Inability to track children’s vaccination history coupled with parents’ lack of awareness of vaccination due dates compounds the problem of low immunization coverage and timeliness in developing countries. We evaluated the impact of two types of silicon immunization reminder bracelets for children in improving immunization coverage and timeliness of Pentavalent-3 and the Measles-1 vaccines. Methods Children < 3 months were enrolled in either of the 2 intervention groups (Alma Sana Bracelet Group and Star Bracelet Group) or the Control group. Children in the intervention groups were provided the 2 different bracelets at the time of recruitment. Each time the child visited the immunization center, a hole was perforated in the silicon bracelet to denote vaccine administration. Each child was followed up till administration of Measles-1 vaccine or till 12 months of age (if they did not come to the center for vaccination). Data was analyzed using the intention-to-treat population between groups. The unadjusted and adjusted Risk Ratios (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for Pentavalent-3 and Measles-1 coverage at 12 months of age were estimated through bivariate and multivariate analysis. Time-to-Pentavalent-3 and Measles-1 immunization curves were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results A total of 1,446 children were enrolled in the study between July 19, 2017 and October 10, 2017. Baseline characteristics among the three groups were similar. Up-to-date coverage for the Pentavalent-3 /Measles-1 vaccine at 12 months of age was 84.6%/72.0%, 85.4%/70.5% and 83.0%/68.5% in Alma Sana Bracelet group, Star Bracelet group and Control group respectively but the differences were not statistically significant. In the multivariate analysis, neither the Alma Sana bracelet (adjusted RR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.96-1.06), (adjusted RR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.97-1.13) nor the Star bracelet (adjusted RR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.96-1.06) (adjusted RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.95-1.11) was significantly associated with Pentavalent-3 vaccination or Measles-1 vaccination. Conclusion Although we did not observe any significant impact of the bracelets on improved immunization coverage and timeliness, our findings add to the existing literature on innovative, low cost reminders for health and make several suggestions for enhancing practical implementation of these tools.
Associations of Hyper-filtration and Proteinuria with Clinical Severity Score among Adult Sudanese Sickle anemia patients
Authors: Osman Mohamed Abdelazim , Suliman Nazeer Hassan , Kaddam Lamis AbdelGadir 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive haemoglobinopathy with high morbidity and mortality. Global survival of sickle patients is increased and subsequently, prevalence of chronic complications including renal manifestations due to advances in management. Therefore, early detection and management of these complications become mandatory. This study aimed to investigate the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), proteinuria and serum uric acid as markers of renal involvement in Sudanese sickle adults and association between these parameters and clinical severity score of sickle cell disease. Methods: Cross-sectional hospital-based study included thirty-two adult Sudanese patients diagnosed with SCA and twenty-three controls. Written informed consent was obtained. Blood and urine samples were collected. Severity score was calculated using Bios online calculator and eGFR was calculated using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula without adjustment for ethnicity. Results: Protein/Creatinine Ratio (PCR) was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) in sickle cell anaemia group compared to controls. Hyper-filtration and Hyperuricemia were manifested in 75% and 6.3% of SCA group respectively. There was no association between the severity score and renal manifestations in the SCA group. Conclusions: Hyper-filtration and proteinuria were the most prevalent renal manifestations in SCA group. Further studies are recommended to determine the predictors of renal complications and early management of them.
A cross-sectional comparison of breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and perceived partners’ support among expectant couples in Mekelle Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremariam kidane , Zelenko Oksana , Mulugeta Afework , Gallegos Danielle 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Breastfeeding is considered the biological norm and essential to reduce infant morbidity and mortality. Mothers are responsible for breastfeeding but the support of others, including their partners is an influential determinant. The aim of this study was to compare and contrast antenatal breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of support of expectant couples in Mekelle, Ethiopia. Methods As part of a randomised control trial of an mHealth intervention, 128 couples in their third trimester from three selected health centres in Mekelle city were recruited to participate. Couples who each had a personal mobile phone, read and spoke Tigrigna, and lived together were included. Baseline data on breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and perceived support (breastfeeding, savvy, help, appreciation, presence, and responsiveness) were collected using previously validated tools through interview by health workers. Result Compared to mothers, male partners were more likely to indicate their intention to provide breastfeeding appreciation (p=0.02), breastfeeding presence (p=0.002), and breastfeeding responsiveness (p=0.04). The prenatal perception mothers had of their partners’ intended breastfeeding support was lower than fathers’ perceptions to support their partners. Multiparous mothers had more positive perceptions regarding their partners’ breastfeeding savvy (p=0.03), and breastfeeding help (p=0.02) compared to primiparous mothers. Conclusion Fathers in Ethiopia are potentially strong supporters of breastfeeding practice. Future breastfeeding interventions should promote the involvement of fathers in breastfeeding and encourage mothers to increase their partners’ involvement in breastfeeding.
Erenumab in Highly Therapy-refractory Migraine Patients: First Real-world Evidence
Authors: Scheffler Armin , Messel Olga , Wurthmann Sebastian , Nsaka Michael , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Glas Martin , Naegel Steffen , Holle-Lee Dagny 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAB) are the first specific migraine prophylactic medication. Erenumab is the only CGRP mAB targeting the CGRP receptor. Clinical data regarding efficacy and tolerability of erenumab in highly therapy-refractory patients are not available, yet, although many patients treated with CGRP mAB under real world conditions can be considered as highly therapy-refractory.Methods: Clinical routine data of highly therapy-refractory migraine patients treated with erenumab 70mg for three months between November 2018 and December 2019 in the West German Headache Center, University Hospital Essen, Germany, were analysed. Monthly migraine days (MMD), monthly headache days (MHD) and days of acute medication intake (AMD) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Descriptive statistics were performed to evaluate changes of vegetative symptoms, acute medication response, side effects, as well as treatment satisfaction.Results: Complete clinical data were available for 26 episodic (EM) and 74 chronic (CM) migraineurs. Sixty-six % (n=49) of CM patients had an additional medication overuse headache (MOH). After three months 57.7 % of EM patients and 41.9 % of CM patients had a 50% or greater reduction of MMD. The mean number of MMD was reduced by 3.43 (SE 1.26) in EM, and by 4.72 (SE 0.87) in CM. Thirty-nine patients (52.7%) returned from chronic to episodic course of migraine. After three months, 23 patients (46.9%) were not suffering from a MOH anymore.Conclusions: Erenumab seems to be a promising therapeutic option in highly therapy-refractory migraine patients.
A novo missense variant of the PHEX gene in patients with X-linked dominant hypophosphatemia
Authors: cao peixuan , Zhu Xiangyu , Gu Leilei , Liu Wei , Li Jie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is characterized by low serum phosphate concentration. Both males and females could be affected, and males tend to perform more severely. Identification of a pathological variation in the phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidase on the X chromosome ( PHEX ) gene regulating phosphate located in the X chromosome by molecular genetic detection confirms the diagnosis. The current pharmacologic treatments mainly focus on relieving symptoms instead of preventing it occur. A maternally inherited novo missense heterozygous variant c.1256G>A in exon 11 of the PHEX gene was found in the proband and her mother. SIFT, Polyphen2 and PROVEAN predicted it as a deleterious mutation. This mutation was also detected in an affected maternal grandmother and an affected maternal uncle, a healthy maternal uncle and three healthy maternal aunts and their offspring did not carry this mutation. We identified a novo PHEX variant c.1256G>A, p.(Gly419Glu), the heterozygous mutation may be the cause of the deformity in this family.
Collagen I in the hip capsule plays a role in postoperative clinical function in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Ning Bo , Zhang Sicheng , Sun Jun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose The aims of the present study is to evaluate the roles of collagen I and III in the hip capsule in the postoperative clinical function of patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods Hip capsules from 155 hips of 120 patients were collected during surgery. The patients were divided into three groups according to age: I: 2–3.5 years; II: 3.5–5 years; and III: 5–6 years. Patient clinical function and radiographic outcomes were evaluated with the McKay scores and Severin classification. The expression of collagen I and III was detected through immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR and analysed according to age, sex, degree of dislocation and McKay classification. All patients received similar operations and achieved good results on the basis of postoperative X-ray imaging. Results The average follow-up time was 3.4 years (range 2–4.3 years). There were no changes in the expression of collagen III in the different groups. The expression of collagen I according to age and sex was not significantly different. Lower expression of collagen I was observed in DDH patients with a higher degree of dislocation according to the Tonnis grade. The highest expression of collagen I was detected in the group with poor clinical function according to the McKay classification. Conclusion Collagen I is correlated with the degree of dislocation and is a risk factor for poor clinical function in DDH patients. Collagen I is correlated with the degree of hip dislocation and poor clinical function in DDH patients.
The Effects of Programmed Cryotherapy and Continuous Passive Motion in Patients after Computer-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: A prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Mei-Chu , Lin Chiu-Chu , Ko Jih-Yang , Kuo Feng-Chih 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cryotherapy and continuous passive motion (CPM) are commonly used for conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to reduce postoperative pain and increase of the range of motion (ROM). However, this postoperative nursing intervention remains elusive for patients undergoing computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty (CAS-TKA) Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial with a purposive sampling method was utilized. Sixty patients scheduled for a unilateral CAS-TKA at a medical center were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The intervention group applied programed cryotherapy and CPM within one hour while returning to the ward on the day of surgery, while the control group did not. Data were analyzed using mixed models to compare numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain, ROM, and swelling at postoperative day (POD) 4. Results: There was no significant difference in the NRS score between the groups ( p = 0.168). The intervention group had significantly higher ROM than the control group (98 degrees vs. 91 degrees, p = 0.004) at POD 4. Although no significant difference in joint swelling was found between groups ( p = 0.157), the intervention group had lower mean joint swelling (32.2 cm) than the control group (33.9 cm). Conclusions: Programmed cryotherapy and continuous passive motion can improve the range of motion after CAS-TKA. It should be incorporated into the daily nursing plan for patients undergoing CAS-TKA.