bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic layer deposition of TiO2blocking layers for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Drygała Aleksandra , Szindler Marek , Szindler Magdalena , Jonda Ewa 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which present promising low-cost alternative to the conventional silicon solar cells mainly due to comparatively low manufacturing cost, ease of fabrication and relatively good efficiency. One of the undesirable factor in DSSCs is the electron recombination process that takes place at the transparent conductive oxide/electrolyte interface, on the side of photoelectrode. To reduce this effect in the structure of the solar cell, a TiO2blocking layer (BL) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was deposited.Design/methodology/approachScanning electron microscope, Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to evaluate the influence of BL on the photovoltaic properties. Electrical parameters of manufactured DSSCs with and without BL were characterized by measurements of current-voltage characteristics under standard AM 1.5 radiation.FindingsThe TiO2BL prevents the physical contact of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and the electrolyte and leads to increase in the cell’s overall efficiency, from 5.15 to 6.18%. Higher density of the BL, together with larger contact area and improved adherence between the TiO2layer and FTO surface provide more electron pathways from TiO2to FTO which facilitates electron transfer.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates that the introduction of a BL into the photovoltaic device structure is an important step in technology of DSSCs to improve its efficiency. Moreover, the ALD is a powerful technique which allows for the highly reproducible growth of pinhole-free thin films with excellent thickness accuracy and conformality at low temperature.
Numerical exploration of heat and mass transport for the flow of nanofluid subject to Hall and ion slip effects
Authors: Naz Rahila , Sohail Muhammad , Hayat T. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis paper addresses the three-dimensional flow of viscous nanofluid bounded by two plates. The lower plate stretches while the upper plate remains stationary. The fluid is electrically conducting in the presence of an applied magnetic field. In addition, the Hall, ion slip and Joule heating effects are retained. Governing equations for the considered physical happening are modeled under the phenomenon of boundary layer analysis.Design/methodology/approachBoth analytical and numerical solutions for the resulting nonlinear system are derived. Numerical solutions have been presented by using bvp4c and NDSolve techniques. The homotopy analysis method is utilized for the development of convergent analytical solutions. A comparative study for the presented solutions is made. An excellent agreement between analytical and numerical solutions is noticed.FindingsThe dimensionless velocities, temperature and concentration are examined physically by two-dimensional plots, stream plot and tabular values. It is observed that Hall and ion slip parameters reduce the velocity field and temperature profile increases for the mounting values of the Eckert number.Originality/valueThis manuscript contains the novel contents which comprise the Hall and ion slip effects for the transportation of heat and mass for the flow of viscous nanofluid.
Experiencing fashion: the interplay between consumer value and sustainability
Authors: Ritch Elaine L. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore consumers perceptions of sustainability, including how information is accessed, evaluated and practiced and how sustainability concepts transfer to fashion consumption.

Design/methodology/approach
The research adopts a phenomenological approach of unstructured interviews with 28 professionally working mothers. Garment labels indicating concepts of sustainability from UK fashion-retailers were used as a vehicle for discussion. Data was analysed through the theoretical lens of Holbrook’s (1999) typology of consumer value.

Findings
The findings identity that the participants struggle with understanding how sustainability is compromised within fashion-production and how their sustainability practice fluctuates depending on information, guidance and practical support. The findings also identify preferences for sustainability, where sustainable concepts are perceived as adding value.

Research limitations/implications
Limitations are assumed through the small focussed sample, however, the research does provide rich insight into micro-analytic idiographic lifeworlds to better understand how everyday deliberations of household management and sustainability concepts are practiced.

Practical implications
The findings illustrate pathways for retailers, producers and policymakers to guide sustainability and support sustainability through the use of labels and marketing which will enhance notions of value. Similarly, the findings can enable policymakers to position campaigns and practical solutions that advance the sustainability agenda.

Social implications
The research indicates that sustainability is filtering through society and drawing the attention of a broader consumer market, including passive mainstream consumers who are developing expectations that mainstream fashion-retailers address sustainability.

Originality/value
The research is novel in adopting a phenomenological approach that provides a unique insight into how sustainability is experienced in everyday households, through the adaptation of related behaviours and evaluating sustainability concepts.
Gaze and tourist-host relationship – state of the art
Authors: Lin Bingna , Fu Xiaoxiao 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to offer an up-to-date review of the gaze, proposing new research agendas with regard to the various gazes actively operating at destinations.

Design/methodology/approach
The study thoroughly and systematically reviewed the existing literature by gathering papers related to gaze research in tourism contexts. Analysis of existing knowledge is centered around the gaze and a triadic framework among three key stakeholders.

Findings
A theoretical schema of the gaze was developed via a thorough examination of existing studies. The framework disclosed the subject of the gaze, be it tourist-initiated and/or host-initiated, and tourist–host interactions. Along with five dominant types (tourist gaze, intratourist gaze, local gaze, mutual gaze and reverse gaze), a triadic framework among stakeholders was further revealed.

Originality/value
The literature review provides meaningful insights into gaze research in the tourism field, representing the first effort to delineate relationships among relevant stakeholders. Further, this study proposes future research priorities related to the tourist–host relationship for destination experience development.
A review of factors affecting mining operation
Authors: Mishra Padma Charan , Mohanty Manoj Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore operation influencing factors of mining. To collect gaps of study and to form a thematic representation of principal influencing factors and their unique influencing factors.

Design/methodology/approach
Articles were collected from different sources from 1974 to 2019 consisting of research articles, technical papers, expert blogs, working papers and conference papers covering various disciplines from psychology, human resource, finance and economics to mining engineering. Mining operation influencing factors were noted down. Four massively deposed mines were visited to observe the sequence of mining process. The field experts were also consulted to identify factors influencing their respected industry. Gaps were observed while comparing with the reviewed articles and opinions of field experts. Finally, senior experts were consulted to identify unique factors from the final list prepared and a framework of seven thematic categories consisting of unique factors was formulated.

Findings
A total of 197 sub-factors were collected from literature review and 2 sub-factors from Indian Mining experts during field study. These 199 sub-factors were initially categorised as 48 factors and one more factor was collected from Indian field experts. Finally, these 49 factors were thematically represented as principal factors and termed as operation, marketing and management, human resource, finance, resource and utility, corporate affairs and corporate social responsibility and environment.

Research limitations/implications
This study can be very helpful in the direction of different qualitative and quantitative studies, as the factors and sub-factors groups are identified.

Originality/value
The paper fulfils an identified need to provide a holistic review for understanding and documenting principal factors, unique factors and sub-factors those influence mining operation, profitability or sustainability issues of mines.
Functional characterization of pheromone receptor candidates in codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Tian Ke , Liu Wei , Feng Li‐Kai , Huang Tian‐Yu , Wang Gui‐Rong , Lin Ke‐Jian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSex pheromones serve a critical role in Lepidopterans finding mates. Male moths perceive and react to sex pheromones emitted by conspecific females through a delicate pheromone communication system. Pheromone receptors (PRs) are the key sensory elements at the beginning of that process. The codling moth (Cydia pomnonella) is an important pome fruit pest globally and a serious invasive species in China. Pheromone‐based techniques have been used successfully in monitoring and controlling this species. We conducted ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis of the codling moth antennal transcriptome and identified 66 odorant receptors (ORs) in a population from Xinjiang province, China, of which 14 were PRs, including two novel PRs (CpomOR2e and CpomOR73). Four PRs that contain full‐length open reading frames (CpomOR1, OR2a, OR5, OR7) and four PRs with ligands that have not been reported previously (CpomOR1, OR2a, OR5, OR7) were selected to deorphanize in the heterologous Xenopus oocyte expression system. Specifically, we found that CpomOR2a and CpomOR5 responded to (E,E)‐8, 10‐dodecadien‐1‐yl acetate (codlemone acetate). Furthermore, CpomOR5 (EC50 = 1.379 × 10−8 mol/L) was much more sensitive to codlemone acetate than CpomOR2a (EC50 = 1.663 × 10−6 mol/L). Since codlemone acetate is an important component of C. pomonella sex pheromone, our results improve the current understanding of pheromone communication in codling moths and will be helpful for the development of pest management strategies.
Epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non‐obese populations: Meta‐analytic assessment of its prevalence, genetic, metabolic, and histological profiles
Authors: Zou Zi Yuan , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Fan Jian Gao 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveAs a subgroup of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), patients with non‐obese NAFLD may also have an increased risk of adverse hepatic and metabolic outcomes. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of non‐obese NAFLD and to describe its clinical characteristics in this systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of 1235 citations published up to Mar 2020. Meta‐analyses, stratified analyses and meta‐regression were all performed.ResultsOf the 46 studies included, 28 cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies of 155 846 non‐obese participants reported a pooled NAFLD prevalence of 14.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.3%‐17.1%). A multivariate meta‐regression analysis showed the trend that the prevalence varied by their geographical location. Further stratified analyses showed that NAFLD was relatively prevalent among people aged ≥45 years (16.2%; 95% CI 10.8‐23.4) and those in South America (25.7%; 95% CI 24.4‐27.0). The PNPLA3 rs738409 gene polymorphism was more frequently observed in non‐obese NAFLD than in both obese NAFLD and non‐obese controls, while the metabolic profiles of non‐obese NAFLD were less severe than those of the obese NAFLD group. Patients with non‐obese NAFLD had 4.81‐fold and 5.43‐fold higher risk of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, respectively, than the non‐obese controls.ConclusionsNon‐obese NAFLD is common, particularly in South America and among people aged ≥45 years. Metabolic diseases and PNPLA3 rs738409 gene polymorphism are more frequent in the non‐obese NAFLD group than in non‐obese controls.
Presence of amniotic fluid sludge and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Pergialiotis Vasilios , Bellos Ioannis , Antsaklis Aris , Loutradis Dimitrios , Daskalakis George 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionSeveral studies acknowledge that the presence of amniotic fluid sludge (AFS) is an independent predictive factor for preterm birth. In the present systematic review, we summarize research that focuses on the comparison of pregnancy outcomes among women with and without AFS.Material and methodsMedline, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched from inception. Both observational and randomized controlled studies were considered eligible provided that they reported data on pregnancy outcomes among women with and without AFS. Outcomes were not meta‐analyzed because of the high heterogeneity in terms of selected population and outcome reporting.ResultsSeventeen studies of 2432 women were included in this review. Six studies evaluated women at high risk for preterm birth. Pregnancies complicated by AFS had a lower gestational age at delivery and increased incidence of preterm delivery at <37 weeks. Neonatal death rates and admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were also increased. Evidence in low‐risk women, those with signs of preterm labor, in those carrying twins, and in women with cervical cerclage or Arabin pessary was extremely limited.ConclusionsWomen with AFS seem to deliver at an earlier gestational age, and preterm birth rates are also increased. Limited data seem to point to neonatal morbidity and mortality being increased. However, the presence of a direct association should not be assumed because the evidence is not adjusted for the presence of confounders.
Preeclampsia was a risk factor for pulmonary interstitial emphysema in preterm infants born ≤32 weeks of gestational age
Authors: Behnke Judith , Windhorst Anita , Oehmke Frank , Berthold Lars D. , Zimmer Klaus‐Peter , Waitz Markus , Ehrhardt Harald 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimThis study determined the prenatal and postnatal risk factors for pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) in preterm infants born at up to 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) and their contribution to severe complications.MethodsWe studied 179 preterm infants, who had undergone chest X‐rays during the first five days of life at Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany, between 2016 and 2017. Of these, 33 were retrospectively classified as PIE and 146 as non‐PIE. The PIE cases were also matched with 33 non‐PIE cases by GA and gender. Risk factors were identified by univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsPreviously known risk factors for pulmonary interstitial emphysema were confirmed, including GA and birthweight and the associations with adverse outcomes like intraventricular haemorrhage and mortality. We identified preeclampsia and haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome as additional risk factors for PIE (P = .027), and lung impairment was associated with respiratory distress syndrome (P = .001), higher maximum inspired oxygen (P = .014) and needing surfactant (P = .006).ConclusionPreeclampsia and HELLP syndrome were identified as possible additional risk factors for PIE in preterm infants. These conditions should be included in future studies, to identify preterm infants at risk of PIE straight after birth.
Three cases of hybridity in learning spaces: Towards a design for a Zone of Possibility
Authors: Cook John , Mor Yishay , Santos Patricia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe paper contributes to design discourse by drawing on Educational Design Research (EDR) that has been conducted into what we call a Zone of Possibility (ZoP) over the past seven years. We define a ZoP as a place where individuals can overcome the constraints of expectations and power structures to effect desired change. Specifically, this paper presents details of how our initial research question (RQ1) has evolved to the one presented in the conclusions (RQ2); both RQs are summarised below in the section “Research Questions.” To describe this evolution, the paper is presented as 3 cases (Confer, ZoP Stokes Croft and Google Lens in HE) that have provided insights to explore the concept of the ZoP and its implications for EDR. Specifically, one of the main conclusions is the importance of bridging positioning practices as “successful communication” and an understanding of social context in hybrid contexts (ie, the ZoP).
Inferences about which of J dependent groups has the largest robust measure of location
Authors: Wilcox Rand R. 
Published: May 2020

Recently, a multiple comparisons procedure was derived with the goal of determining whether it is reasonable to make a decision about which of J independent groups has the largest robust measure of location. This was done by testing hypotheses aimed at comparing the group with the largest estimate to the remaining J − 1 groups. It was demonstrated that for the goal of controlling the familywise error rate, meaning the probability of one or more Type I errors, well‐known improvements on the Bonferroni method can perform poorly. A technique for dealing with this issue was suggested and found to perform well in simulations. However, when dealing with dependent groups, the method is unsatisfactory. This note suggests an alternative method that is designed for dependent groups.
A subaltern middle class: The case of the missing “Black bourgeoisie” in America
Authors: Darity William , Addo Fenaba R. , Smith Imari Z. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA convention, particularly in economics and sociology, for empirical identification of the “middle class” has been to mark off a segment of the population above a lower bound with respect to income, occupational status, and/or educational attainment. Instead, we argue here that wealth constitutes a superior standard for demarcation of the middle class. Wealth is an especially useful standard for identification of the middle class from subaltern communities, communities that have a generally marginalized status. We illustrate the value of the wealth criteria by examining the specific case of America's Black middle class. This alternative approach enables us to demonstrate that the Black middle class is proportionately much smaller than the White middle class and to demonstrate the limitations of several proposals recently advanced to close the racial wealth gap.
Guidelines for the management of diabetes in care homes during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Sinclair A. , Dhatariya K. , Burr O. , Nagi D. , Higgins K. , Hopkins D. , Patel M. , Kar P. , Gooday C. , Howarth D. , Abdelhafiz A. , Newland‐Jones P. , O’Neill S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe National Diabetes Stakeholders Covid‐19 Response Group was formed in early April 2020 as a rapid action by the Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care, Diabetes UK, the Association of British Clinical Diabetologists, and Diabetes Frail to address and support the special needs of residents with diabetes in UK care homes during Covid‐19. It was obvious that the care home sector was becoming a second wave of Covid‐19 infection and that those with diabetes residing in care homes were at increased risk not only of susceptibility to infection but also to poorer outcomes. Its key purposes included minimising the morbidity and mortality associated with Covid‐19 and assisting care staff to identify those residents with diabetes at highest risk of Covid‐19 infection. The guidance was particularly created for care home managers, other care home staff, and specialist and non‐specialist community nursing teams. The guidance covers the management of hyperglycaemia by discussion of various clinical scenarios that could arise, the management of hypoglycaemia, foot care and end of life care. In addition, it outlines the conditions where hospital admission is required. The guidance should be regarded as interim and will be updated as further medical and scientific evidence becomes available.
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: An event‐related potential study of working memory
Authors: Arjona Valladares Antonio , Gómez Carlos M. , Rodríguez‐Martínez Elena I. , Barriga‐Paulino Catarina I. , Gómez‐González Jaime , Diaz‐Sánchez José A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWorking memory (WM) impairments have been frequently observed as an important feature of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Event‐related potential (ERP) differences between ADHD and healthy controls (HC) would be expected during WM task performance. Especially, the so‐called slow wave (SW), which is related to the retention process, might present amplitude differences in ADHD. In this ERP study participated twenty‐nine ADHD children and adolescents and thirty‐four HC. WM performance was assessed using the Working Memory Test Battery for Children (WMTB‐C), and ERPs were analyzed with a Delayed Match‐To‐Sample (DMTS) task. ADHD sample showed worse behavioral performance in both WMTB‐C and DMTS task, and higher SW amplitude during the retention phase of the DMTS task. Additionally, the principal component analysis indicated that the scores on the component explaining the centro‐parietal SW were significantly different between ADHD subjects and HC. The observed impaired neurophysiological activity during the encoding and retention periods in ADHD, which would be the origin of the behavioral deficits in WM task performance, might be reflecting a delayed maturation of the neural processes underlying the centro‐parietal SW.
Molecular characterization, expression pattern and RNAi‐mediated silencing of vitellogenin receptor gene in almond moth, Cadra cautella
Authors: Husain M. , Rasool K. G. , Tufail M. , Aldawood A. S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe almond moth is an important pest of date fruits worldwide. The females produce several eggs; however, role of vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in oocyte development by mediating endocytosis of major yolk protein precursor Vg remains yet unexplored. To investigate the role of vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in reproduction, Cadra cautella vitellogenin receptor (CcVgR) transcript was obtained using rapid amplification of cDNA ends‐polymerase chain reaction. Expression analysis of CcVgR was performed using reverse transcriptase and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in different developmental stages. RNA interference was performed by injecting CcVgR‐based double‐stranded (ds)RNA at different exposure times. The results revealed that CcVgR is 5421 bp long, encoded 1807 amino acid, belongs to low‐density lipoprotein receptor superfamily and contains all conserved domains. Expression analysis confirmed that CcVgR is sex‐specific and starts to express in female larvae on day 19. Additionally, RNA interference (RNAi) of CcVgR‐based dsRNA inhibited CcVgR expression up to 83% after 72 h, reduced fecundity and hatchability, and confirmed involvement of CcVgR in C. cautella reproduction. This report provides a basis for gene silencing in this species, and proposes RNAi technology potential for pest management.