bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Median Versus Inequality-Adjusted GNI as Core Indicator of ‘Ordinary’ Household Living Standards in Rich Countries
Authors: Nolan Brian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper first highlights the extent to which national income per head will be unreliable as an indicator of household income change over time around the middle for rich countries, in the short or long run, and will mislead as to the relative performance of countries in achieving broadly-based improvements in prosperity. It then demonstrates that ‘inequality-adjusting’ national income will not suffice to bridge the gap. The divergence between the trajectory of median household income and GDP/GNI per capita is due to a variety of factors that themselves vary in significance across countries and over time, with the distribution of the gains from growth being only one. Median income thus needs to be accorded a central role alongside GDP per capita in both official monitoring of living standards and research on inclusive growth. Growth in median incomes will not be a reliable measure of what is happening to the incomes of the poor, though, so low incomes and poverty certainly need to be separately monitored and analysed: one cannot assume that growth that transmits to the middle is also going towards the bottom.
Pooling Modalities and Pointwise Intersection: Axiomatization and Decidability
Authors: Van De Putte Frederik , Klein Dominik 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe establish completeness and the finite model property for logics featuring the pooling modalities that were introduced in Van De Putte and Klein (Pooling modalities and pointwise intersection: semantics, expressivity, and applications). The definition of our canonical models combines standard techniques with a so-called “puzzle piece construction”, which we first illustrate informally. After that, we apply it to the weakest classical logics with pooling modalities and investigate the technique’s potential for the axiomatization of stronger logics, obtained by imposing well-known frame conditions on the models.
Fear of Robots and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Hinks Tim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe use of robots and in particular next-generation robots in the production of goods and services is increasing. What impact robots are having on people’s quality of life, including workers, is as yet under-explored. This paper provides initial findings examining whether fear of robots is correlated with one aspect of quality of life: life satisfaction. After controlling for individual effects and country effects and using both standard ordinary least squares and a linear multilevel regression model, we find fear of robots correlates with lower reported life satisfaction. There are differences in the fear of robots and life satisfaction by age group, by how long countries have been members of the European Union and by whether we control for attitudes towards other things. We call for more research into attitudes towards technology and new technologies in particular, how these impact on current life satisfaction and other aspects of quality of life and to think more about how technological change and people’s attitudes towards these can be more aligned.
Microtechnological Tools to Achieve Sustainable Food Processes, Products, and Ingredients
Authors: Schroën Karin , de Ruiter Jolet , Berton-Carabin Claire C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOne of the major challenges we face as humankind is supplying a growing world population with sufficient and healthy foods. Although from a worldwide perspective sufficient food is produced, locally, the situation can be dire. Furthermore, the production needs to be increased in a sustainable manner for future generations, which also implies prevention of food waste, and making better use of the available resources. How to contribute to this as food technologists is an ultimate question, especially since the tools that can investigate processes at relevant time scales, and dimensions, are lacking. Here we propose the use of microtechnology and show examples of how this has led to new insights in the fields of ingredient isolation (filtration), and emulsion/foam formation, which will ultimately lead to better-defined products. Furthermore, microfluidic tools have been applied for testing ingredient functionality, and for this, various examples are discussed that will expectedly contribute to making better use of more sustainably sourced starting materials (e.g., novel protein sources). This review will wrap up with a section in which we discuss future developments. We expect that it will be possible to link food properties to the effects that foods create in vivo. We thus expand the scope of this review that is technical in nature, toward physiological functionality, and ultimately to rational food design that is targeted to improve human health.
Cognitive Template-Clustering Improved LineMod for Efficient Multi-object Pose Estimation
Authors: Zhang Tielin , Yang Yang , Zeng Yi , Zhao Yuxuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractVarious types of theoretical algorithms have been proposed for 6D pose estimation, e.g., the point pair method, template matching method, Hough forest method, and deep learning method. However, they are still far from the performance of our natural biological systems, which can undertake 6D pose estimation of multi-objects efficiently, especially with severe occlusion. With the inspiration of the Müller-Lyer illusion in the biological visual system, in this paper, we propose a cognitive template-clustering improved LineMod (CT-LineMod) model. The model uses a 7D cognitive feature vector to replace standard 3D spatial points in the clustering procedure of Patch-LineMod, in which the cognitive distance of different 3D spatial points will be further influenced by the additional 4D information related with direction and magnitude of features in the Müller-Lyer illusion. The 7D vector will be dimensionally reduced into the 3D vector by the gradient-descent method, and then further clustered by K-means to aggregately match templates and automatically eliminate superfluous clusters, which makes the template matching possible on both holistic and part-based scales. The model has been verified on the standard Doumanoglou dataset and demonstrates a state-of-the-art performance, which shows the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model on cognitive feature distance measurement and template selection on multiple pose estimation under severe occlusion. The powerful feature representation in the biological visual system also includes characteristics of the Müller-Lyer illusion, which, to some extent, will provide guidance towards a biologically plausible algorithm for efficient 6D pose estimation under severe occlusion.
Early Palaeogene Climate Variability Based on n-alkane and Stable Carbon Isotopic Composition Evidenced from the Barsingsar Lignite-bearing Sequence of Rajasthan
Authors: Mathews Runcie P. , Chetia Rimpy , Agrawal Shailesh , Singh Bhagwan D. , Singh Prakash K. , Singh Vikram P. , Singh Alpana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The assessment of variations and the reconstruction of palaeoclimate, based on the distribution of n-alkanes and stable carbon isotope data, during early Palaeogene have been made on the Barsingsar lignite-bearing sequence associated with Palana Formation (Bikaner-Nagaur basin). The distribution pattern of various n-alkanes and the derived indices/ratios have widely been used as palaeoclimate indicators in several depositional realms. The distribution of n-alkanes in the studied sequence varies from C13 to C34. The values of calculated n-alkane parameters range from 26.20-28.39 (aliphatic chain length (ACL) index); 0.32-7.21 (low-to-higher molecular weight (L/H) ratio); 0.42-0.85 (Proxy wax (Pwax)); 0.20-0.67 (Proxy aqueous (Paq)); 0.28-5.22 (terrigenous/aquatic ratio (TAR)); 0.16-0.79 (C23/C29 ratio); 1.14-6.31 (C27/C31 ratio) and 1.47-7.02 (C29/C31 ratio). The δ13C varies from −24.8 to −26.1‰ and the TOC varies from 9.6 to 69.5 wt.%. All these variations indicate the changes in palaeo-climate from dry and warm to cool and wet conditions during the deposition of this lignite-bearing sequence. Further, it is also suggested that the climatic condition was cooler than that of the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) event.
Radon Concentration Level in Ground and Drinking Water around Kabini River Basin, Karnataka
Authors: Yashaswini T. , Ningappa C. , Niranjan R. S. , Sannappa J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Concentration of radon in ground and drinking water samples are collected from 36 locations around Kabini River basin, Karnataka State, India was measured using Emanometry Technique and it varied from 1.1 to 38.9 Bq.L-1 with geometrical mean of 8.5 Bq.L-1. The higher radon values are found at western side of the river, this is due to the local geology of the area and the upstream water consists of higher activity concentration of radon than that of downstream of the river. The total annual effective dose received by inhalation and ingestion of radon varied from 7.58 to 106.26 μSv.y-1 with geometrical mean of 25.37 μSv.y-1. The annual effective doses were within the safe limit of 0.1 μSv.y-1 as prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO). Out of the total population in the study area, nearly 70% use underground water, 20% use river water and others use surface water (river and lakes) for drinking.
Hydrocarbon Uncertainty Based on Facies Analysis: Middle Jurassic Sequence (Jaisalmer Formation), Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan
Authors: Pandey Rajesh , Maurya A. S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The middle Jurassic transgressive limestone with intermitted fresh water clastic facies of Jaisalmer Formation contains reservoirseal assemblage with fair source rock potential, provide a target for exploration. Till date, very few exploration ventures have been made to explore this formation. The frontier exploration team need to address this sequence with possible accumulation pattern and migration pathways.
The objective of current study is to focus on the prospectivity of Jaisalmer Formation that has been established from minor discovery of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon. In the present study, an attempt has been made to establish the facies model that includes litho-micro-facies, bio-facies, source rock facies and depositional facies. This formation has been tested for hydrocarbon in several wells and in some of the well gas/oil has been flown with water. With exploration background in mind, a detailed examination of Jaisalmer Formation has been attempted in terms of its contribution to the exploration efforts in the basin.
Karstification of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in Huanghua depression and its control factors
Authors: Zhang Jinning , Zhou Jiansheng , Fu Lixin , Li Hongjun , Lou Da 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith extensive ancient karsts and abundant oil and gas resources, the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Huanghua depression have broad prospects of exploration and development. The types, characteristics, distribution and controlling factors of karsts were investigated by means of the analysis of cores, thin slices, logging, seismic, and geochemical data in this study. The study reveals that the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Huanghua depression falls into three main categories, pore type, pore-vug-fracture type and fracture type, of which, pore-vug-fracture reservoirs account for 62%. The epigenetic uniform karst mainly developed in the Late Ordovician to Early Carboniferous, while the differential karst developed in the Mesozoic. The uniform karstification mainly include chemical dissolution of the original carbonate rock, while the differential karstification not only include chemical dissolution but also hydraulic erosion and biochemical dissolution by organic acid. The burial karstification mainly involved the dissolution of the Ordovician reservoir by large amount of acidic fluids generated by the overlying Upper Paleozoic coal measure source rock while generating hydrocarbon. The dissolution caused by upwelling magmatic-tectonic hydrothermal fluids along faults also contributed to the formation of burial karst reservoirs. The sedimentation-diagenesis and paleogeomorphology-tectonic movement have certain control effects on the karstification of the Ordovician reservoirs in the Huanghua depression, determining the reservoir quality.
Variations in the atmospheric pollutant immission (2009–2015) field near a large lignite-fired power plant (in Europe/Poland)
Authors: Cichowicz R. , Wielgosiński G. , Depta A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEmissions from the energy sector are one of the causes of poor air quality. The status of air pollution caused by the operation of large-size lignite-fired power plants was analyzed (in the years 2009–2015). Emission and immission data from a monitoring station located near a power plant were analyzed (in Europe/Poland in eastern Wielkopolska). The monitoring station conducts continuous measurements of immission concentrations of the following pollutants: PM10, sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides NOx (separately and as the sum of NO and NO2), and ozone (O3) recording at the same time with meteorological parameters such as air temperature, relative air humidity, wind speed, and direction. The dependence of concentrations of selected pollutants on temperature at monitoring point was analyzed. The recorded concentrations were compared with values calculated as a result of modeling of pollutants dispersion in the atmosphere.
Knowledge on and use of the FORTA (“Fit fOR The Aged”)-list and the FORTA App by general practitioners in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Authors: Meyer Liesbeth , Wehling Martin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Drug treatment of older people is complicated as multimorbidity and polypharmacy are highly prevalent. To increase the drug appropriateness in older people, the FORTA (“Fit fOR The Aged”)-list was developed. A survey was designed to describe knowledge and use of the FORTA list and the related FORTA App in a German state.

Methods
Survey conducted among 872 general practitioners (GP) from districts (n = 694; 79.6%) or from district-free cities (n = 178; 20.4%) in Baden-Württemberg, Germany who were contacted by e-mail and/or phone.

Results
The response rate was 9.4%. 48% of GP claim to know the FORTA list, 54.5% the FORTA App. 32.5% use one of them regularly, 27% at least once a week.

Conclusions
Responding GP expose knowledge and use of the FORTA list and/or the App exceeding expectations given the limited time since the wider appearance of either tool. These results, though limited by a low response rate, tentatively indicate their successful dissemination underlining utility, implementability and teachability.
Power of the eyes: deterring sexual harassment in Tokyo subways using images of watchful eyes
Authors: CHU KIKI K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSex crime in subways poses an ever-present threat to Japanese commuters. This paper proposes a simple and viable adjunct to the current tactics by harnessing the potential of the watching eyes effect to deter sexual harassment. It attempts to observe the human biological sensitivity to gaze and to explore its application to the specific Japanese context where powerful informal control exists. The paper also identifies the possible advantages and limitations of such measure, with the goal of stimulating more discussion over evidence-based behavioural interventions in deterring crimes. A tentative proposal is composed to summarize and demonstrate a number of behaviourally informed suggestions regarding the practical implementation and configuration of the proposed measure.
Preserving Public Broadcasting Archives in the Digital Era: Circulatory Stories and Technologies, the Digital Turn, and the Return of the Past in West Africa
Authors: Losch Flora 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:Broadcasting archives have been being digitized in West Africa since the 2000s. Their digital transfer, presented as both a solution to their decay and a necessary step to take them into the new century, presents considerable challenges. This article, while emphasizing the historiographical value of the archives as sources and traces, argues that the processes they undergo, which also participate in these technical objects’ afterlife, are connected to a long and circulatory history of cooperation in broadcasting. Located at the interface of past, present, and future, they also provide an opportunity to question certain geopolitical fracture lines, especially those of knowledge and memory.
Can Latin America learn from India’s efforts at fighting poverty? The case of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
Authors: De Venanzi Augusto 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA decade of high economic growth (2003–2013) in Latin America accompanied with high social spending, produced a significant improvement in the living conditions of the region’s population. Household incomes grew, poverty and inequality rates fell, and job opportunities increased. However, beginning in 2013 the economic situation of Latin America experienced a downwards trend. The effects have been felt in reduced income due to the fewer labour opportunities afforded by a decrease in demand and investment, particularly in infrastructure. Moreover, investment in infrastructure has remained stagnant since the late 1990s. The present article is intended as a preliminary study regarding the feasibility of transferring the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act to the Latin American region. The paper contends that such a policy transfer could greatly improve the adverse employment conditions affecting large segments of the Latin American rural workforce and contribute to bridge the area’s rural-urban infrastructure gap.
Systematic review of gene expression studies in people with Lewy body dementia
Authors: Chowdhury Anisa , Rajkumar Anto P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectives:Lewy body dementia (LBD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative dementia and it causes more morbidity and mortality than Alzheimer’s disease. Several genetic associations of LBD have been reported and their functional implications remain uncertain. Hence, we aimed to do a systematic review of all gene expression studies that investigated people with LBD for improving our understanding of LBD molecular pathology and for facilitating discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LBD.Methods:We systematically reviewed five online databases (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42017080647) and assessed the functional implications of all reported differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Ingenuity Pathway Analyses.Results:We screened 3,809 articles and identified 31 eligible studies. In that, 1,242 statistically significant (p < 0.05) DEGs including 70 microRNAs have been reported in people with LBD. Expression levels of alternatively spliced transcripts of SNCA, SNCB, PRKN, APP, RELA, and ATXN2 significantly differ in LBD. Several mitochondrial genes and genes involved in ubiquitin proteasome system and autophagy–lysosomal pathway were significantly downregulated in LBD. Evidence supporting chronic neuroinflammation in LBD was inconsistent. Our functional analyses highlighted the importance of ribonucleic acid (RNA)-mediated gene silencing, neuregulin signalling, and neurotrophic factors in the molecular pathology of LBD.Conclusions:α-synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, defects in molecular networks clearing misfolded proteins, and RNA-mediated gene silencing contribute to neurodegeneration in LBD. Larger longitudinal transcriptomic studies investigating biological fluids of people living with LBD are needed for molecular subtyping and staging of LBD. Diagnostic biomarker potential and therapeutic promise of identified DEGs warrant further research.
Political Trust and Support for Immigration in the American Mass Public
Authors: Macdonald David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractImmigration is one of the most salient and important issues in contemporary American politics. While a great deal is known about how cultural attitudes and economics influence public opinion toward immigration, little is known about how attitudes toward government influence support for immigration. Using cross-sectional data from the American National Election Studies (ANES), panel data from the ANES and General Social Survey, as well a Mechanical Turk (MTurk) survey experiment, I show that political trust exerts a positive and substantively meaningful influence on Americans' support for immigration. Politically trustful individuals, both Democrats and Republicans, are more supportive of pro-immigration policies. These findings underscore the political relevance of trust in government and show that public attitudes toward immigration are not driven solely by feelings about immigrant groups, partisanship, core political values, nor personality traits, but are also affected by trust in government, the actor most responsible for managing immigration policy.
Current innovations in otolaryngology medical education in the UK: a systematic literature review
Authors: Yip H M , Soh T C F , Lim Z Z 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies have indicated a lack of ENT training at the undergraduate and post-graduate levels. This study aimed to review the impact of recent educational innovations in improving ENT training for medical students and junior doctors in the UK.MethodsThree independent investigators conducted a literature search of published articles on ENT education. Included studies were analysed using qualitative synthesis methods.ResultsAn initial search yielded 2008 articles; 44 underwent full-text evaluation and 5 were included for final analysis. Most included studies demonstrated benefits for students when compared to existing teaching standards in terms of objective assessment (knowledge and skills gained) or subjective assessment (confidence and preference) following implemented educational innovations.ConclusionThis study identified educational innovations developed in the past 15 years to enhance the teaching of core ENT competencies. More research is needed to establish their impact on the state of ENT medical education in the UK.