bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous tantalum rod implantation is associated with low survival rates in patients with type C2 osteonecrosis of the femoral head but has no effect on the clinical outcome of conversion total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective study with an average 8-year follow-up
Authors: He Mincong , Wei Qiushi , Chen Zhenqiu , Yang Fan , Chen Xiaojun , Qin Yi-Xian , Fang Bin , He Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Our study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and survival rates following porous tantalum rod surgery (PTRS) and conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) subsequent to failed PTRS.

Methods
A total of 38 subjects (40 hips) with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) were included in this retrospective study between January 2008 and December 2011. All subjects were evaluated before surgery by using the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) classification system, the Japan Investigation Committee (JIC) classification and the Harris hip score (HHS). The endpoint of this study was set as final follow-up (including the survival time of PTRS and conversion THA). The rates of radiological progression were also evaluated. Patients who received conversion THA were further followed and compared to a control group of 58 patients with ONFH who underwent primary THA.

Results
The mean follow-up time was 120.7 ± 9.2 (range, 104–143) months, and the overall survival rate was 75% at 96 months (ARCO stage II: 81.5%; stage III: 38.5%; JIC type C1: 83.3%; C2: 30%). The HHS before surgery was 59 (55–61), in contrast to 94 (91–96) at 96 months follow-up (P < 0.01). HHS in stage III show a significant poorer result compared to stage II at 24 months. HHS in Type C2 group show no significant difference compared to HHS before surgery at 24 and 60 months follow up (P = 0.91, P = 0.30). Twelve hips requiring secondary THA were followed for 66.9 ± 31.7 months, and control hips that underwent primary THA was followed for 75.4 ± 14.9 months. The HHS in the conversion group was 89 (86–93) and that in the primary THA group was 92 (79–95, P = 0.09) at the 5-year follow-up.

Conclusion
In the mid-term follow-up, porous tantalum implants showed an encouraging survival rate in symptomatic patients in early stages (ARCO stage II) or with limited necrotic lesions (JIC type C1). In addition, our results did not demonstrated any difference between primary THA and conversion THA.
Differential inhibition of gelatinase activity in human colon adenocarcinoma cells by Aloe vera and Aloe arborescens extracts
Authors: Lima Ana , Batista-Santos Paula , Veríssimo Eduarda , Rebelo Patrícia , Ferreira Ricardo Boavida 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Aloe’s reported bioactivities (anticancer, anti-inflammatory and wound healing) suggest they might inhibit a subgroup of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) called gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). The goal of the present study was to compare the MMP inhibitory potential of two Aloe species, A. vera and A. arborescens.

Methods
Different types of extraction were tested and specific bioactive compounds were quantified. Cancer cell invasion inhibitory activities were measured in vitro using the wound healing assay in human colon cancer cells (HT29). Effects on gelatinase activities were further assessed by dye-quenched gelatin and gelatin zymography.

Results
Different types of extraction yielded significantly different levels of bioactivities and of bioactive compounds, which might be due to a greater amount of extractable bioactive compounds such as anthraquinones. Both A. arborescens and A. vera have potential as inhibitory agents in cancer cell proliferation via MMP-9 and MMP-2 enzymatic activity inhibition, being able to reduce colon cancer cell proliferation and migration but A. arborescens showed to be a more effective inhibitor of cancer cell migration than A. vera.

Conclusion
This work opens novel perspectives on the mode of action of Aloe species in cancer cell migration and may provide clues as to why there are so many conflicting results on Aloe’s activities.
Heart failure documentation in outpatients with diabetes and volume overload: an observational cohort study from the Diabetes Collaborative Registry
Authors: Arnold Suzanne V. , Jones Philip G. , Beasley Michael , Cordova Jeanine , Goyal Abhinav , Fonarow Gregg C. , Seman Leo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Heart failure is a common and devastating complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Prompt recognition of heart failure may avert hospitalization, facilitate use of guideline-directed therapies, and impact choice of T2D medications. We sought to determine the rate and factors associated with heart failure documentation in T2D patients with evidence of volume overload requiring loop diuretics.

Methods
DCR is an on-going, prospective US registry of outpatient T2D patients from > 5000 cardiology, endocrinology, and primary care clinicians (current analysis used data from 2013–2019). Among T2D patients receiving loop diuretics, we examined the rate of chart documentation of heart failure. We used a 3-level hierarchical logistic regression model (patients nested within physician within practice) to examine factors associated with heart failure diagnosis.

Results
Among 1,322,640 adults with T2D, 225,125 (17.0%) were receiving a loop diuretic, of whom 91,969 (40.9%) had documentation of heart failure. Male sex, lower body mass index, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease were associated with greater odds of heart failure diagnosis. After accounting for patient factors, patients seen by cardiologists were the most likely to have HF documented followed by PCPs and then endocrinologists.

Conclusions
Among US outpatients with T2D, 17% of patients had evidence of volume overload—defined by loop diuretic prescription—of whom fewer than half had a clinical diagnosis of heart failure. While there may be non-heart failure indications for loop diuretics, our data suggest that a substantial proportion of T2D patients may have unrecognized heart failure and therefore could be missing opportunities for targeted therapies that could alter the clinical course of heart failure.
Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes bone metastasis of prostate cancer through N6-methyladenosine
Authors: Wen Simeng , Wei Yulei , Zen Chong , Xiong Wei , Niu Yuanjie , Zhao Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent messenger RNA modification in mammalian cells. However, the disease relevant function of m6A on specific oncogenic long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is not well understood.

Methods
We analyzed the m6A status using patients samples and bone metastatic PDXs. Through m6A high-throughput sequencing, we identified the m6A sites on NEAT1–1 in prostate bone metastatic PDXs. Mass spec assay showed interaction among NEAT1–1, CYCLINL1 and CDK19. RNA EMSA, RNA pull-down, mutagenesis, CLIP, western blot, ChIP and ChIRP assays were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of m6A on NEAT1–1. Loss-of function and rescued experiments were executed to detect the biological roles of m6A on NEAT1–1 in the PDX cell phenotypes in vivo.

Results
In this study, we identified 4 credible m6A sites on long ncRNA NEAT1–1. High m6A level of NEAT1–1 was related to bone metastasis of prostate cancer and m6A level of NEAT1–1 was a powerful predictor of eventual death. Transcribed NEAT1–1 served as a bridge to facility the binding between CYCLINL1 and CDK19 and promoted the Pol II ser2 phosphorylation. Importantly, depletion of NEAT1–1or decreased m6A of NEAT1–1 impaired Pol II Ser-2p level in the promoter of RUNX2. Overexpression of NEAT1–1 induced cancer cell metastasis to lung and bone; xenograft growth and shortened the survival of mice, but NEAT1–1 with m6A site mutation failed to do these.

Conclusion
Collectively, the findings indicate that m6A on ncRNA NEAT1–1 takes critical role in regulating Pol II ser2 phosphorylation and may be novel specific target for bone metastasis cancer therapy and diagnosis. New complex CYCLINL1/CDK19/NEAT1–1 might provide new insight into the potential mechanism of the pathogenesis and development of bone metastatic prostate cancer.
Video gaming addiction and its association with memory, attention and learning skills in Lebanese children
Authors: Farchakh Youssef , Haddad Chadia , Sacre Hala , Obeid Sahar , Salameh Pascale , Hallit Souheil 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Examining whether any association exists between addiction to video games and cognitive abilities in children could inform ongoing prevention and management of any possible harm. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between addiction to video games, and memory, attention and learning abilities among a sample of Lebanese school children.

Methods
This cross-sectional study, conducted between January and May 2019, enrolled 566 school children aged between 9 and 13 years. Three private schools were chosen conveniently for this study. Students were randomly chosen from the list given by the school administration. The students’ parents are those who responded to the questionnaire.

Results
The results showed that higher addiction to video gaming salience was significantly associated with worse episodic memory, problem solving, basic reading skills, written expression skills and worse clinical attention. Higher addiction to video gaming tolerance were significantly associated with worse novel problem solving and worse attention. Higher addiction to video gaming withdrawal were significantly associated with worse attention, factual memory, attention, processing speed, visual spatial organization, sustained sequential processing, working memory, novel problem solving and worse written expression skills.

Conclusion
The results suggest a correlation between addiction to video games and worse memory, attention, as well as cognitive and academic abilities among school children. Those findings indicate the need for more extensive research, and serve to highlight vital next steps needed in future papers, such as identifying predicting factors that could aid in early detection of video gaming addiction in children.
Application study of the EQ-5D-5L in oncology: linking self-reported quality of life of patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer to clinical data from a German tumor registry
Authors: Borchert Kathrin , Jacob Christian , Wetzel Natalie , Jänicke Martina , Eggers Egbert , Sauer Annette , Marschner Norbert , Altevers Julia , Mittendorf Thomas , Greiner Wolfgang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire is used in oncology to generate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) weights and corresponding health states. The purpose was to explore the relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics and HRQoL among advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients by linking clinical data of a German CRC registry to self-reported HRQoL measures from the EQ-5D-5L.

Methods
The study sample included patients with advanced or metastatic CRC currently recruited in the German Tumor Registry Colorectal Cancer. The EQ-5D-5L was administered once to patients who were at the start or at later stages of palliative treatment. Data on comorbidities, disease-specific health states, symptoms, and treatment status were drawn from the registry. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to explore the impact of patient and disease characteristics on HRQoL.

Results
In total, n = 433 questionnaires were included in the data analysis. Mean age of patients was 66.3 years and 61.2% were male. The mean EQ-5D-5L utility score was 0.82 and the mean EQ-5D-5L VAS score was 62.05. The regression analyses revealed that none of the demographic characteristics and few of the clinical characteristics, such as fatigue and pain, had a significant impact on the HRQoL.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated a reduced HRQoL of patients with advanced or metastatic CRC when compared to the general population. The symptoms fatigue and pain negatively affected the HRQoL, whereas other characteristics such as age, gender, and comorbidities did not have a significant impact on HRQoL.
Partial response to erlotinib in a patient with imatinib-refractory sacral chordoma
Authors: Verma Saurav , Vadlamani Surya Prakash , Shamim Shamim Ahmed , Barwad Adarsh , Rastogi Sameer , Raj S. T. Arun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Chordoma is a rare, slow growing and locally aggressive mesenchymal neoplasm with uncommon distant metastases. It is a chemo-resistant disease with surgery and radiotherapy being the mainstay in treatment of localized disease. In advanced disease imatinib has a role. We report a case of metastatic sacral chordoma with symptomatic and radiological response to erlotinib post-progression on imatinib.

Case presentation
A 48-year-old male with a sacral chordoma underwent partial sacrectomy followed by post-operative radiotherapy. Upon recurrence he received palliative radiotherapy to hemipelvis and was offered therapy with imatinib. However, the disease was refractory to imatinib and he was started on treatment with erlotinib—showing a partial response on imaging at two months. He is currently doing well at 13 months since start of erlotinib.

Conclusions
As seen in previously reported cases, erlotinib is a therapeutic option in advanced chordoma, even in imatinib refractory cases and thus warrants exploration of its therapeutic role in prospective clinical trials.
Spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks: threshold optimization and analysis
Authors: kockaya Kenan , Develi Ibrahim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCognitive radio is a technology developed for the effective use of radio spectrum sources. The spectrum sensing function plays a key role in the performance of cognitive radio networks. In this study, a new threshold determination method based on online learning algorithm is proposed to increase the spectrum sensing performance of spectrum sensing methods and to minimize the total error probability. The online learning algorithm looks for the optimum decision threshold, which is the most important parameter to decide the presence or absence of the primary user, using historical detection data. Energy detection- and matched filter-based spectrum sensing methods are discussed in detail. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested over non-fading and different fading channels for low signal-to-noise ratio regime with noise uncertainty. In the conclusion of the simulation studies, improvement in spectrum sensing performance according to optimal threshold selection was observed.
Storage and handling of pretreated lignocellulose affects the redox chemistry during subsequent enzymatic saccharification
Authors: Peciulyte Ausra , Xafenias Nikolaos , Galbe Mats , Scott Brian R. , Olsson Lisbeth , Johansen Katja S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe decomposition of lignocellulose in nature, as well as when used as feedstock in industrial settings, takes place in a dynamic system of biotic and abiotic reactions. In the present study, the impact of abiotic reactions during the storage of pretreated lignocellulose on the efficiency of subsequent saccharification was investigated. Abiotic decarboxylation was higher in steam-pretreated wheat straw (SWS, up till 1.5% CO2) than in dilute-acid-catalysed steam-pretreated forestry residue (SFR, up till 3.2% CO2) which could be due to higher iron content in SFR and there was no significant CO2 production in warm-water-washed slurries. Unwashed slurries rapidly consumed O2 during incubation at 50 °C; the behaviour was more dependent on storage conditions in case of SWS than SFR slurries. There was a pH drop in the slurries which did not correlate with acetic acid release. Storage of SWS under aerobic conditions led to oxidation of the substrate and reduced the extent of enzymatic saccharification by Cellic® CTec3. Catalase had no effect on the fractional conversion of the aerobically stored substrate, suggesting that the lower fractional conversion was due to reduced activity of the lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase component during saccharification. The fractional conversion of SFR was low in all cases, and cellulose hydrolysis ceased before the first sampling point. This was possibly due to excessive pretreatment of the forest residues. The conditions at which pretreated lignocellulose are stored after pretreatment significantly influenced the extent and kind of abiotic reactions that take place during storage. This in turn influenced the efficiency of subsequent saccharification. Pretreated substrates for laboratory testing must, therefore, be stored in a manner that minimizes abiotic oxidation to ensure that the properties of the substrate resemble those in an industrial setting, where pretreated lignocellulose is fed almost directly into the saccharification vessel.
Placental Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone is a Modulator of Fetal Liver Blood Perfusion
Authors: Ikenoue Satoru , Waffarn Feizal , Ohashi Masanao , Tanaka Mamoru , Gillen Daniel L , Buss Claudia , Entringer Sonja , Wadhwa Pathik D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Context
Variation in fetal liver blood flow influences fetal growth and postnatal body composition. Placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone has been implicated as a key mediator of placental-fetal perfusion.

Objective
To determine whether circulating levels of placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone across gestation are associated with variations in fetal liver blood flow.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Methods
Fetal ultrasonography was performed at 30 weeks’ gestation to characterize fetal liver blood flow (quantified by subtracting ductus venosus flow from umbilical vein flow). Placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone was measured in maternal circulation at approximately 12, 20, and 30 weeks’ gestation. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the proportion of variation in fetal liver blood flow explained by placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone. Covariates included maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and fetal sex.

Results
A total of 79 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were analyzed. Fetal liver blood flow was 68.4 ± 36.0 mL/min (mean ± SD). Placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone concentrations at 12, 20, and 30 weeks were 12.5 ± 8.1, 35.7 ± 24.5, and 247.9 ± 167.8 pg/mL, respectively. Placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone at 30 weeks, but not at 12 and 20 weeks, was significantly and positively associated with fetal liver blood flow at 30 weeks (r = 0.319; P = 0.004) and explained 10.4% of the variance in fetal liver blood flow.

Conclusions
Placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone in late gestation is a possible modulator of fetal liver blood flow and may constitute a biochemical marker in clinical investigations of fetal growth and body composition.
The PDZ Domain Protein SYNJ2BP Regulates GRK-Dependent Sst2A Phosphorylation and Downstream MAPK Signaling
Authors: Carr Heather S , Chang Jeffrey T , Frost Jeffrey A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The somatostatin receptor 2A (SST2) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is expressed in neuroendocrine tissues within the gastrointestinal tract and brain, and is commonly overexpressed in many neuroendocrine tumors. Moreover, SST2 agonists are used clinically as the primary pharmacological treatment to suppress excess hormone secretion in a variety of neuroendocrine tumors. Despite its wide clinical use, mechanisms controlling the trafficking and signaling of SST2 are not fully understood. SST2 contains a C-terminal post-synaptic density 95, Drosophila discs large, zona-occludens 1 (PDZ) domain–binding motif that has been shown to interact with 3 different PDZ domain–containing proteins. However, the consequences of these interactions are not well understood, nor is it known whether additional PDZ domain proteins interact with SST2. Through unbiased screening we have identified 10 additional PDZ domain proteins that interact with SST2. We chose one of these, SYNJ2BP, for further study. We observed that SYNJ2BP interacted with SST2 in an agonist-dependent manner, and that this required the PDZ binding site of SST2. Importantly, overexpression of SYNJ2BP enhanced ligand-stimulated receptor internalization. Mechanistically, SYNJ2BP interacted with G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and promoted GRK-dependent phosphorylation of the receptor after somatostatin stimulation. Interaction with GRK2 required the C-terminus of SYNJ2BP. Binding to SYNJ2BP did not affect the ability of SST2 to suppress 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate production, but was required for optimal agonist-stimulated extracellularly regulated kinase 1/2 activation. These data indicated that SYNJ2BP is an SST2-interacting protein that modulates agonist-stimulated receptor regulation and downstream signaling.
Literary Reading Lesson in First Grade
Authors: Kabanova A. 
Published: December 2020

The author of the article proposes for consideration one of the possible options for a lesson in literary reading in the first grade, in which N.N.
Nosov “Steps”. The process of reading and working with the text organized by the teacher allows solving subject and metasubject learning
problems. The used methodology contributes to the development of educational activities in first-graders. The article provides examples of tasks differentiated by the level of complexity, which take into account the capabilities of children who read well and not well enough. Acquaintance with the work of the writer N.N. Nosova continues at the lesson with reading another of his works - the story “On the Hill”. Conversations conducted by the teacher and collective discussion of the content of the read texts help him to determine not only the degree of their conscious perception by first graders, but also to include children in an active educational dialogue, to form their interest in independent reading.
On the Issue of Continuity of Preschool and Primary School Education
Authors: Borisova A. , Fugelova Tatiana 
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the problem of preparing a child for school from the perspective of ensuring the continuity of preschool and primary
school education. The analysis of the main educational programs that are used for this purpose in Russian preschool educational institutions,
schools, institutions of additional education, private entrepreneurs-tutors. The experience of preparing preschool children for school education,
implemented in the UK and Finland, is also considered.