bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Gull-billed tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) nest survival in artificial coastal saltpans, Bohai Bay, China
Authors: Wu Fuxing , Lei Weipan , Lloyd Huw , Zhang Zhengwang 
Published: October 2020

Background
Coastal saltpans are a common supratidal human-modified wetland habitat found within many coastal landscape mosaics. Commercial salt production and aquaculture practices often result in the creation of exposed coastal substrates that could provide suitable breeding habitat for waterbird populations; however, few studies have quantified waterbird breeding success in these artificial wetlands.

Methods
Here we examine the nesting behavior of the Gull-billed tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) breeding in the Nanpu coastal saltpans of Bohai Bay, Yellow Sea, China over three consecutive nesting seasons (2017–2019) by using nest survival model in Program MARK.

Results
The results revealed that nest survival of Gull-billed terns in coastal saltpans (0.697) was higher than previously published estimates from other regions, with an estimated daily survival rate (DSR) of 0.982 ± 0.001 (±95% CI). High nest survival was mainly attributed to low levels of human disturbances and low predation rates, while exposure to strong winds, flooding and silting were the main factors causing nest failure. Model-averaged estimates revealed that eggs laid in nests located on ‘habitat islands’ with feather or clam shell substrates were most likely to hatch. Initiation date, nest age, clutch size and quadratic effects of nearest-neighbor distance, nearest distance to road and nearest distance to water were all significant predictors of nest success, but the nest survival declined overall from 2017 to 2019 due to the degradation and loss of breeding habitat anthropogenically caused by rising water levels.

Discussion
Coastal saltpans represent an alternative breeding habitat for the Gull-billed tern populations in Bohai Bay, but conservation management should prioritize flood prevention to improve the extent and quality of breeding habitat, concurrent with efforts to create further ‘habitat islands’ with suitable nesting substrate.
Application of Percent of Normal Precipitation Method for Meteorological Drought Intensity Assessment and Its Impact on Agricultural Production
Authors: Sadiq A. A. , Williams W. S. , Tukur A. I. 
Published: October 2020

Aim: To study the application of percent of normal precipitation method for meteorological drought intensity assessment and its impact on agricultural production.
Place and Duration: The study was conducted in Yola South Local Government Area (LGA), of Adamawa Sate Nigeria during the year 2020.
Methodology: Drought intensity was assessed using Percent of Normal Precipitation method (PNP) using forty (40) years of rainfall data (1987-2017) obtained from Upper Benue Development Authority, Yola (UBRBDA). In addition, data on the negative impact of drought intensity on agricultural production were obtained from the well defined and structured questionnaires administered randomly to the fifty (50) selected farmers in the area where simple descriptive statistic was used in the analysis of the sourced data.
Results: It revealed that out of the forty years under study, the extremely wet condition was reoccurred in six years (15%), very wet season (5%), while moderately wet conditions had experienced in 14 years (35%) and normal condition was identified in 16 years (40%) respectively. Under dry conditions it was found that only moderately dry condition had ever occurred in 2 years (5%) only. For the drought impact on agricultural production most farmers (55 %) perceived that drought does not happen every year in the area. However, it occurs with seasonal variability mostly in the months July-August which last for 1-2 weeks as agreed by (55%) of the farmers. Majority of the farmers (60 %) in the area revealed that the level of the drought impact on agricultural production was high affecting crop yield (18%), drying of dams, reservoirs and lakes and outbreak of crops’ pest and diseases (12 %). In contrast other effects include soil degradation, loss of profit and capital, loss of employment opportunities, dead of livestock and starvation and drop in the water table and drying of soils with (6%) each of the respondents respectively. Similarly, the use of early matured crops (30%), Early planting (18%), Delay planting (16 %) and water harvesting ( 12 %) were adopted as mitigation strategies towards curtailing the negative impact of drought impact on their agricultural production in the area.
Conclusion: The application of PNP method towards the assessment of drought intensity revealed important information of drought intensity which can serve as a valuable knowledge towards effective drought monitoring and proper agronomic mitigation strategies on its negative impact on agriculture in the area for optimum and profitable production. The application of another drought index is imperatively recommended for comparision and validation towards finding reliable information on drought in the area.
Effects of Mono-Ammonium Phosphate and K-Humate Applications on Grain Yield and Phosphorus Uptake Efficiency of Bread Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Yossif Ahmed M. , Gezgin Sait 
Published: October 2020

Study was aimed to determine the effect of mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP, NH4H2PO4) and K-Humate application on grain yield and grain phosphorus uptake efficiency which applied on Central Anatolian calcareous and basic reaction soil. The research was conducted at Bahri Dağdaş Agricultural Research Institute field in dry conditions during 2018 - 19 to determine the effect of phosphorus doses @ 0, 17.5 and 35.0 kg ha-1 and K-Humate @ 0 and 12 kg ha-1 on Bayraktar 2000 variety of bread wheat crop grain yield, agronomic (AE), physiological (PE) and apparent recovery (AR) phosphorus uptake efficiency.
Results of the research revealed that increased phosphorus rate, enhances grain yield and amount of grain phosphorus uptake increase, while the grain AE, PE and AR were decreasing significantly. Additionally, with the K-Humate application with respect to control, the grain yield was positively affected in P0 and P17.5, while the grain phosphorus uptake amount was increased by 13%, in the P35 application the grain yield and the grain phosphorus uptake amount decreased by 9% and 5% respectively. In another direction, with the K-Humate application depending on control, in P17.5 application grain AE and AR were increased by 13% and 12% respectively, while grain PE decreased by 54%. Besides, with the K-Humate application according to control and in the P35 application grain AE, PE and AR were decreased by 66%, 51% and 40% respectively.
The Sub – Acute Effects of Raw Honey on Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time and Platelet Values in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Ohale Akudo Chidinma , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Mark Happiness Alaribe , Okoli Chidindu C. Mmadu- , Ezepue Chukwuebuka Brian Ugo- , Ohanu Chibuike Ernest , Okongwu Uzoma Chinyere , Nlemadim Chidinma Ijeoma , Ekeigwe Ifeoma Blessing , Okeke Ogochukwu Adamaka 
Published: October 2020

For centuries honey has been regarded as wonderful gift of nature in which the properties of an excellent food, beneficial alike to adults and children, are combined with medicinal properties. Surprisingly, its sub-acute effect on coagulation is unknown. Hence; this present study aims at evaluating the effects of raw honey on coagulation in albino wistar rats. Thirty (30), 3-4 months old albino wistar rats both males and females were used for the study. The experimental animals were divided into five (A, B, C, D, E) groups with six rats per group. The test groups (B-E) were gavaged with graded doses (625, 1250, 2500, 5000 mg/kg body weight) respectively of the raw honey once daily for nine days. Group A served as control. Two (2) animals were bled from each group after 3, 6 and 9 days through the ocular plexus. Four (4) ml of venous blood was collected. Two (2) ml was delivered into 0.25ml trisodium citrate anticoagulant bottle for determination of Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT). The remaining two (2) ml was delivered into K3EDTA anticoagulant bottle for platelet value determination. There was no statistical significant difference (P > 0.05) recorded in all the parameters investigated among the test groups when compared with the control group on Day 3. However, group B revealed a statistical significant decrease (P < 0.05) in PT when compared with the control group on Day 6. In addition, no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) was recorded on Day 9 when all the parameters investigated among the test groups were compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was no exposure related statistical significant difference (P>0.05) in the test groups in PT and APTT in the ANOVA. However, there was a time related significant difference (P<0.05) in platelet value of group C when Days 3, 6 and 9 were compared. It can be concluded that raw honey possesses a sub-acute coagulation stimulatory potentials which is likely to be dose and duration related.
Cell Membrane Coated Particles
Authors: Spanjers Järvi M. , Städler Brigitte 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNanoformulations are widely considered in the biomedical field for drug delivery, imaging, or detoxification purposes. Cell membrane coatings are a growing concept that aims to camouflage nanomaterials. The cell membranes are the first point of contact for cells to other biological or synthetic materials and nature has established signaling pathways in this context. In contrast to using purified membrane associated proteins, the use of purified cell membranes contains the protein of interest in a very native environment. This report provides an overview over the advances in cell membrane coated (nano)particles from the past 2–3 years. The progress in using cell membranes from mammalian cells without nuclei, i.e., red blood cells and platelets, as well as nucleus‐containing cells in particular white blood cell and specific cancer cells is outlined. Additionally, highlights from recent reports considering hybrid cell membrane coating that originate from at least two different cell types are discussed. Finally, a future perspective indicating the challenges and potential of cell membrane coated nanomaterials and biomaterials is provided.
Engineering of Lipid Nanoparticles by the Multifunctionalization of the Surface with Amino Acid Derivatives for the Neutralization of a Target Toxic Peptide
Authors: Koide Hiroyuki , Hirano Satoshi , Ide Takafumi , Saito Kazuhiro , Suzuki Hikaru , Yasuno Go , Hamashima Yoshitaka , Yonezawa Sei , Oku Naoto , Asai Tomohiro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProtein affinity reagents (e.g., antibodies) are often used for basic research, diagnostics, separations, and disease therapy. Although a lot of “synthetic” protein affinity reagents have been developed as a cost‐effective alternative to antibodies, their low biocompatibility is a considerable problem for clinical application. Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) represent a highly biocompatible drug delivery agent. However, little has been reported that LNP itself works as a protein affinity reagent in living animals. Here, LNP is engineered for binding to and neutralizing a target toxic peptide in living animals by multifunctionalization with amino acid derivatives. Multifunctionalized LNP (MF‐LNP) is prepared using amino acid derivative‐conjugated lipids. Optimized MF‐LNP exhibits nanomolar affinity to the target toxic peptide and inhibits toxic peptide‐dependent hemolysis and cytotoxicity. In addition, MF‐LNP captures and neutralizes the toxic peptide after intravenous injection in the bloodstream; in addition, MF‐LNP does not release the toxic peptide in the accumulated organ. These results reveal the potential of using LNP as a highly biocompatible protein affinity reagent such as an antidote.
Connecting the Multiscale Structure with Macroscopic Response of Relaxor Ferroelectrics
Authors: Otoničar Mojca , Bradeško Andraž , Fulanović Lovro , Kos Tomaž , Uršič Hana , Benčan Andreja , Cabral Matthew J. , Henriques Alexandra , Jones Jacob L. , Riemer Lukas , Damjanovic Dragan , Dražić Goran , Malič Barbara , Rojac Tadej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLead‐based relaxor ferroelectrics are characterized by outstanding piezoelectric and dielectric properties, making them useful in a wide range of applications. Despite the numerous models proposed to describe the relation between their nanoscale polar structure and the large properties, the multiple contributions to these properties are not yet revealed. Here, by combining atomistic and mesoscopic‐scale structural analyses with macroscopic piezoelectric and dielectric measurements across the (100–x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 (PMN–xPT) phase diagram, a direct link is established between the multiscale structure and the large nonlinear macroscopic response observed in the monoclinic PMN‐xPT compositions. The approach reveals a previously unrecognized softening effect, which is common to Pb‐based relaxor ferroelectrics and arises from the displacements of low‐angle nanodomain walls, facilitated by the nanoscale polar character and lattice strain disorder. This comprehensive comparative study points to the multiple, distinct mechanisms that are responsible for the large piezoelectric response in relaxor ferroelectrics.
Integrated Wound Recognition in Bandages for Intelligent Treatment
Authors: He Xuecheng , Yang Shijie , Liu Conghui , Xu Tailin , Zhang Xueji 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe mismatch between irregular wounds and fixed dressings is an important but long‐neglected problem in wound management, which may cause imprecise or incomplete care outcomes. Continuous advances in the internet, Internet of Things, and materials science put forward higher requirements in precise wound treatment. Herein, an integrated wound recognition strategy is demonstrated by extracting digital geometric information of specific irregular wounds. Such online wound image scanning and recognition integrated with offline intelligent material fabrication can greatly reduce incomplete wound closure or potential irritation toward normal tissue around the wound site. As a proof‐of‐concept, an active matrix of Ag‐modified gelatin on bandages demonstrates promising antibacterial properties for practical application. In vivo mouse experiment reveals that wound‐customized bands enable precisely fitting in the irregular wound bed, resulting in accelerating wound healing efficiency. Such wound recognitions in a bandage involve multidisciplinary technology including image identification, computer modeling nanomaterial fabrication and modification, presenting a broad potential of personalized wound healthcare for a wide variety of clinical applications.
Bioinspired Anti‐Plateau–Rayleigh‐Instability on Dual Parallel Fibers
Authors: Wang Pengwei , Zhou Jiajia , Xu Bojie , Lu Cong , Meng Qing'an , Liu Huan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Plateau–Rayleigh instability (PRI) is a well‐known phenomenon where a liquid column always breaks up into droplets to achieve the minimization of surface energy. It normally leads to the non‐uniformity of a liquid film, which, however, is unfavorable for the fluid coating process. So far, strategies to overcome this instability rely on either the surfactants, UV/high‐temp curing treatments, or specific chemical reactions, which suffer from both limited liquid composition and complicated experimental conditions. Natural mulberry silk, a typical composite fiber, is produced by silkworms through a similar fluidic coating process, but exhibits a remarkably uniform and smooth surface. Drawing inspiration, it is revealed that the unique dual parallel fibers are capable of overcoming the PRI during the fluid coating process. Such anti‐PRI ability is attributable to the changes in the Laplace pressure difference caused by the alternative asymmetry of the liquid film, as has been demonstrated by both a force analysis on the irregular liquid film and theoretical simulation according to the stability of the liquid on parallel fibers in the fluid coating process. The strategy is applicable for preparing various smooth functional coatings on fibers, which offers new perspectives for fluid coating and microfluidic technologies.
Tunable Ferromagnetism and Thermally Induced Spin Flip in Vanadium‐Doped Tungsten Diselenide Monolayers at Room Temperature
Authors: Pham Yen Thi Hai , Liu Mingzu , Jimenez Valery Ortiz , Yu Zhuohang , Kalappattil Vijaysankar , Zhang Fu , Wang Ke , Williams Teague , Terrones Mauricio , Phan Manh‐Huong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe outstanding optoelectronic and valleytronic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have triggered intense research efforts by the scientific community. An alternative to induce long‐range ferromagnetism (FM) in TMDs is by introducing magnetic dopants to form a dilute magnetic semiconductor. Enhancing ferromagnetism in these semiconductors not only represents a key step toward modern TMD‐based spintronics, but also enables exploration of new and exciting dimensionality‐driven magnetic phenomena. To this end, tunable ferromagnetism at room temperature and a thermally induced spin flip (TISF) in monolayers of V‐doped WSe2 are shown. As vanadium concentration increases, the saturation magnetization increases, which is optimal at ≈4 at% vanadium; the highest doping level ever achieved for V‐doped WSe2 monolayers. The TISF occurs at ≈175 K and becomes more pronounced upon increasing the temperature toward room temperature. The TISF can be manipulated by changing the vanadium concentration. The TISF is attributed to the magnetic‐field‐ and temperature‐dependent flipping of the nearest W‐site magnetic moments that are antiferromagnetically coupled to the V magnetic moments in the ground state. This is fully supported by a recent spin‐polarized density functional theory study. The findings pave the way for the development of novel spintronic and valleytronic nanodevices and stimulate further research.
Six Birds with One Stone: Versatile Nanoporphyrin for Single‐Laser‐Triggered Synergistic Phototheranostics and Robust Immune Activation
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhang Yifan , Gao Ye , Wang Pan , He Gang , Blum Nicholas T. , Lin Jing , Liu Quanhong , Wang Xiaobing , Huang Peng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSimultaneous photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) can reduce the risks of drug leakage, body burden, and preparation complexity in traditional combination PDT/PTT. Here, a versatile nanoporphyrin (Pp18‐lipos) self‐assembled from lipid–purpurin 18 conjugates (Pp18‐lipids) and pure lipids is presented. The as‐prepared Pp18‐lipos with 2 mol% Pp18‐lipids can perform effective PDT and fluorescence imaging. The Pp18‐lipos with 65 mol% Pp18 can perform potent PTT and photoacoustic imaging. The chelation of Mn2+ endows the Pp18‐lipids‐Mn2+ a high T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging contrast. Notably, pretreatment of low‐dose PDT facilitates the endocytosis and tumor accumulation of Pp18‐lipos, thus achieving synergistic PDT/PTT. Upon exposure to a single 705 nm‐laser, the combination of PDT/PTT achieves a significantly higher tumor growth inhibition rate than PDT or PTT alone. In addition, it is found that the synergistic PDT/PTT triggers more potent anti‐tumor immune response including tumor infiltration of immune cells and release of related cytokines.
Polydopamine Film Self‐Assembled at Air/Water Interface for Organic Electronic Memory Devices
Authors: Wang Huaping , Jiang Qianqing , Yang Jie , Li Dong , Zhou Xiahong , Cai Le , Yu Gui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMemristive devices have shown promising applications in various fields (e.g., non‐volatile memory, reconfigurable switches, and bio‐inspired neuromorphic computing). Despite the significant advances in this field, the exploration of nanomaterials with tunable composition, thickness, dimension, and conductivity for memristive devices is still in great necessity. Here, the transformation of the ultrathin film polydopamine (PDA) obtained at air/water interface from amorphous to quasi‐ordered structure is revealed. Owing to the unique feature, the self‐assembled PDA film at air/water interface is firstly employed as the active material in constructing write‐once‐read‐many‐times (WORM) memory devices. With an increase in the applied electric field, the device shows a switching from high resistance state (HRS, OFF state) to low resistance state (LRS, ON state) with a high ON/OFF current ratio of >103. Furthermore, the abundant amidogen and phenolic hydroxyl group enable the in situ Ag nanoparticle decoration on the PDA film, which can be further used in the construction of anisotropic volatile memristors with a high ON/OFF current ratio (>104), exceptional stability and good integrability.
Anisotropic Stiffness Adhesives for High Shear Forces on Soft Substrates
Authors: van Assenbergh P. , Haring Frank , Dijksman Joshua A. , Dodou Dimitra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractReversible attachment on soft substrates is useful in a range of applications, including soft robotics and soft‐tissue surgical instrumentation. On rigid substrates, the use of micropatterned adhesives has been extensively explored. It has been shown that surface micropatterns provide conformability, thereby enabling the formation and preservation of contact with the substrate. On soft, deformable substrates, on the other hand, surface micropatterns largely lose their functionality. Alternative mechanisms have to be explored to maximize conformability and thus formation and preservation of contact on soft substrates. 3D‐printing is used to fabricate adhesives with internal cylindrical pores of various configurations leading to different combinations of high/low normal/shearing stiffness, and shear forces are measured on glass and on soft elastomeric substrates. On the glass substrate, shear forces are highest for the adhesives with the lowest normal stiffness, independently from their shear stiffness. On the soft substrates, the highest shear forces are achieved for the adhesives combining low normal stiffness, enabling contact formation, with high shear stiffness, promoting contact preservation. The beneficial effect of such anisotropic stiffness on shear forces increased with the deformability of the substrate.
Research Progresses on Interfaces in Solid‐State Sodium Batteries: A Topic Review
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhao Chen‐De , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSolid‐state sodium batteries (SSSBs) are considered as promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage applications due to the probability to achieve safer and higher energy density characteristics. However, though SSSBs can avoid using combustible organic liquid electrolytes, the development of such novel batteries is hindered by some critical challenges. Particularly, comprehensive understandings of interfacial stability between solid‐state electrolyte and two electrodes is still absent and thus there is a long way to go for practical applications of SSSBs. In this regard, this review focuses on the grand challenges, fundamental mechanisms, and viable design strategies associated with the interfaces in SSSBs. First, the differences between liquid‐ and solid‐state batteries are compared, and the challenges remaining to be conquered are pointed out. Second, a variety of interfaces, such as interphase formation, interface between electrode and electrolyte, as well as interface of interparticle, are discussed in detail to guide the engineering of the interfaces. Following the obtained insights, systematic perspectives are listed at last to form a basis for further development of advanced SSSBs.