bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A consensus-based framework for conducting and reporting osteoarthritis phenotype research
Authors: van Spil W. E. , Bierma-Zeinstra S. M. A. , Deveza L. A. , Arden N. K. , Bay-Jensen A.-C. , Kraus V. Byers , Carlesso L. , Christensen R. , Van Der Esch M. , Kent P. , Knoop J. , Ladel C. , Little C. B. , Loeser R. F. , Losina E. , Mills K. , Mobasheri A. , Nelson A. E. , Neogi T. , Peat G. M. , Rat A.-C. , Steultjens M. , Thomas M. J. , Valdes A. M. , Hunter D. J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The concept of osteoarthritis (OA) heterogeneity is evolving and gaining renewed interest. According to this concept, distinct subtypes of OA need to be defined that will likely require recognition in research design and different approaches to clinical management. Although seemingly plausible, a wide range of views exist on how best to operationalize this concept. The current project aimed to provide consensus-based definitions and recommendations that together create a framework for conducting and reporting OA phenotype research.

Methods
A panel of 25 members with expertise in OA phenotype research was composed. First, panel members participated in an online Delphi exercise to provide a number of basic definitions and statements relating to OA phenotypes and OA phenotype research. Second, panel members provided input on a set of recommendations for reporting on OA phenotype studies.

Results
Four Delphi rounds were required to achieve sufficient agreement on 11 definitions and statements. OA phenotypes were defined as subtypes of OA that share distinct underlying pathobiological and pain mechanisms and their structural and functional consequences. Reporting recommendations pertaining to the study characteristics, study population, data collection, statistical analysis, and appraisal of OA phenotype studies were provided.

Conclusions
This study provides a number of consensus-based definitions and recommendations relating to OA phenotypes. The resulting framework is intended to facilitate research on OA phenotypes and increase combined efforts to develop effective OA phenotype classification. Success in this endeavor will hopefully translate into more effective, differentiated OA management that will benefit a multitude of OA patients.
Point-of-care ultrasound in resource-limited settings: the PURLS fellowship
Authors: Burleson Samuel L. , Pigott David C. , Gullett John P. , Greene Christopher , Gibson Courtney B. , Irvine Scott , Kaminstein Daniel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The role of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is rapidly expanding in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings (RLS). One limitation to this rapid expansion has been the lack of educators adequately trained to teach this user-dependent skill. This is particularly true in RLS, where disease presentations, infrastructure limitations, and approach to medical education present unique challenges to the direct application of resource-rich emergency department POCUS curricula.

Objectives
We describe the point-of-care ultrasound in resource-limited settings (PURLS) fellowship, a novel curriculum designed to provide advanced training and expertise in clinical care and POCUS application and education in RLS.

Conclusion
Our curriculum design is one approach to create context-specific POCUS education for use in RLS, thereby improving patient care.
The common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum
Authors: Oda Hiroki , Akiyama-Oda Yasuko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum, belonging to the Chelicerata in the phylum Arthropoda, has emerged as an experimental system for studying mechanisms of development from an evolutionary standpoint. In this article, we review the distinct characteristics of P. tepidariorum, the major research questions relevant to this organism, and the available key methods and resources. P. tepidariorum has a relatively short lifecycle and, once mated, periodically lays eggs. The morphogenetic field of the P. tepidariorum embryo is cellular from an early stage and exhibits stepwise symmetry-breaking events and stripe-forming processes that are associated with body axes formation and segmentation, respectively, before reaching the arthropod phylotypic stage. Self-regulatory capabilities of the embryonic field are a prominent feature in P. tepidariorum. The mechanisms and logic underlying the evolvability of heritable patterning systems at the phylum level could be one of the major avenues of research investigated using this animal. The sequenced genome reveals whole genome duplication (WGD) within chelicerates, which offers an invertebrate platform for investigating the potential roles of WGD in animal diversification and evolution. The development and evolution of lineage-specific organs, including the book lungs and the union of spinnerets and silk glands, are attractive subjects of study. Studies using P. tepidariorum can benefit from the use of parental RNA interference, microinjection applications (including cell labeling and embryonic RNA interference), multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization, and laser ablation as well as rich genomic and transcriptomic resources. These techniques enable functional gene discoveries and the uncovering of cellular and molecular insights.
Novel combinations to improve hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Syed Khaja , Naguib Sara , Liu Zhao-Jun , Cimmino Luisa , Yang Feng-Chun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) represents a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic disorders, which is characterized by cytopenias in the peripheral blood and bone marrow dysplasia due to ineffective hematopoiesis. Patients with MDS have an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although the molecular basis of MDS is heterogeneous, several studies demonstrated the significant contribution of the dysregulated immune system in accelerating MDS progression. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is shown to induce tolerance of MDS blasts, which may result in a further accumulation of genetic aberrations and lead to the disease progression. Increasing evidence shows an expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a population of inflammation-associated immature cells, in patients with MDS. Interestingly, the increased MDSC populations are shown to be correlated with a risk of disease progression in MDS. In addition, MDS is highly prevalent in aged individuals with non-hematology co-morbidities who are fragile for chemotherapy. Increasing research effort is devoting to identify novel agents to specific targeting of the MDSC population for MDS treatment.
Using the modified Delphi method to research the influencing factors of long-term health-related quality of life in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms after endovascular treatment
Authors: Zhai Xiao-Dong , Wang Chun-Xiu , Ma Yong-Jie , Yu Jia-Xing , Xiang Si-Shi , Jiao Han-Yi , Shao Peng , Guan Xin , Wang Jun , Zhang Hong-Qi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to use the modified Delphi method to identify the influencing factors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) after endovascular treatment.

Methods
A modified Delphi method to obtain expert consensus on the content of potential influencing factors of HRQoL in patients with UIAs treated by endovascular intervention was employed. The research team consists of three neuroradiologists and one epidemiologist from Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University. They randomly selected 21 well-known experts in cerebrovascular disease diagnosis and treatment as participating experts. The importance of the indicator is based on the 5-Likert scale. The standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), mean ($$ \overline{x} $$x¯), and minimum and maximum scores of each indicator were calculated. The consistency was described by Kendall coefficient of concordance with a p value < 0.05 indicating that the expert consistency was high.

Result
Twenty-one and 18 questionnaires were responded in 2 rounds, with effective response rates of 85.7% and 100.0%, respectively. The average authoritative coefficient (Cr) of all 21 experts was 0.88, familiarity with the indicators (Cs) was 0.82, and the judgment basis of the indicators (Ca) was 0.94. Eventually, the $$ \overline{x} $$x¯ values of arterial puncture hematoma, hyperlipidemia, gender, marital status, and hospitalization for other diseases were lower than 3.5; CV for marital status and gender was higher than 0.35. The Kendall coefficient of concordance in the first round was 0.19 (p < 0.001), and the second round was 0.15 (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
In this study, the factors affecting the recovery of HRQoL after endovascular treatment in patients with UIAs were analyzed by the modified Delphi method, which provided a valuable evidence for the clinical management and daily life guidance for UIAs patients.
Volumetric brain abnormalities in adolescents with conduct disorder with and without attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: a case control study
Authors: Seleem Mohammad A. , El-Shafey Rasha , Shahin Lamis T. , Abdel-Aziz Lina E. , Elkonaisy Noura M. , Marey Yomna K. , Rizkallah Mina , Baghdadi Michael 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Conduct disorder (CD) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder in youth with heterogeneous presentations and hazardous outcomes on family and society. Identifying potential biological markers may help in better understanding and management of the problem. This work aims to explore the potential volumetric brain abnormalities in an Arab-Egyptian sample of conduct disordered youth with and without comorbid ADHD. A total of 27 subjects with conduct disorder, 14 of which also fulfilled the criteria of ADHD, in addition to twenty healthy subjects were recruited. A validated Arabic version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents “M.I.N.I-Kid” was carried out. MRI acquisition was performed on 1.5 T Toshiba MRI scanner. Cortical reconstruction and automatic volumetric segmentation were performed with the Freesurfer image analysis suite.

Results
Youth with CD, with and without ADHD, showed significantly lower cortical thicknesses and smaller subcortical volumes in most of the hemispheric areas. When the two patient groups were compared, youth with CD + ADHD had significantly greater cortical thicknesses but smaller subcortical volumes as compared to youth with CD only.

Conclusions
Conduct disorder, comorbid with ADHD, might prove to be a distinct phenotypic entity with different biological substrates, and hence different needed management, from CD without comorbid ADHD.
Study of disturbed eating behaviors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Essawy Heba E. , Abdelgawad Ahmed A. , Khamis Marwa E. , Zakaria Alaa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is emergent evidence that disturbed eating behaviors, including emotional eating and obesity, co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The hypothesis that disturbed eating behaviors in ADHD children are related to ADHD symptom severity, so we aimed to examine the link between ADHD symptoms and eating behaviors.ResultsFifty ADHD children were included, and they completed the Emotional Eating scale adapted for children (ESS-C) to evaluate eating in response to emotions. Parents completed the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to assess children’s eating behavior. Multivariable regression analysis was used to detect the most independent factor for higher body mass index (BMI) risk. Higher rates of overweight/obesity were detected among ADHD children than among the normal population. Also, higher Conners global index was associated with higher BMIzscores. Both inattentive and combined types were linked to higher BMI, while hyperactive type with lower BMI. Regarding eating behaviors, a positive association between food approach and BMI, and a negative association between food avoidant and BMIz-scores was found. Similarly, there was a noteworthy positive relation between emotional overeating and BMI. Sixty-eight of ADHD children were high emotional eaters, mainly inattentive and combined types. Others, mainly hyperactive type, were low emotional eaters. Only ESS-C total score was confirmed as an independent factor for higher BMI risk.ConclusionOur findings provide evidence that emotional overeating and food approach eating behaviors are common among ADHD children with higher BMI associated with them. Future studies for a better understanding of this overlap will enhance potential interventions.
The Sexes Do Not Differ for Neural Responses to Submaximal Elbow Extensor Fatigue
Authors: YACYSHYN ALEXANDRA F. , MCNEIL CHRIS J. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To investigate possible sex-related differences in group III/IV muscle afferent feedback with isometric fatigue, we aimed to assess the effect of a sustained submaximal elbow extensor contraction on motoneuronal excitability (cervicomedullary motor evoked potential [CMEP]) and voluntary activation (VA).

Methods
Twenty-four participants (12 females) performed a 15-min contraction at the level of EMG activity recorded at 15% of maximal torque. Each minute, CMEP were elicited by cervicomedullary stimulation with and without conditioning transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) delivered 100 ms earlier. Unconditioned and conditioned motor evoked potentials (MEP) in response to TMS were also recorded to assess motor cortical excitability. CMEP and MEP were normalized for changes in downstream excitability and expressed as percentage of their prefatigue (control) values. Postfatigue, VA was calculated from superimposed and resting tetani evoked by stimulation over triceps brachii.

Results
Males were twice as strong as females, but the sexes did not differ for any variable during the fatigue protocol. On a 0–10 scale, RPE increased from ~2.5 to 9. The unconditioned CMEP did not change, whereas the conditioned CMEP was reduced by ~50%. By contrast, the unconditioned and conditioned MEP increased to ~200% and ~320% of the control values, respectively. At task termination, maximal torque was reduced ~40%, and VA was ~80%, down from a prefatigue value of ~96%.

Conclusions
Results support the scant published data on the elbow extensors and indicate no sex-related differences for isometric fatigue of this muscle group. The motoneuronal and VA data suggest that metabolite buildup and group III/IV muscle afferent activity were similar for females and males.
Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study
Authors: Subbarayalu Arun Vijay , Peter Manuelraj , Idhris Mohamed , Prabaharan Sivasankar , Sakthivel Muhil , Raman Vinoth , R.M. Palanivel , Ibrahim Ramzi Ola 
Published: March 2020

Background: Physiotherapy research supports the advancement of evidence-based practice and development of a highly skilled workforce. This study aims to visualize highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists from 1999 to 2018. Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted to visualize highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists using the Web of Science (WoS) database from 1999 to 2018. A search was carried out using the following term "((TS=(physiotherapy) OR TS=("physical rehabilitation") OR TS=("physical therapy")) AND AD=(India))Indexes=SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, ESCI, CCR-EXPANDED, IC Timespan=1999-2018”. Data collected were analyzed using Incites from WoS and VOSviewer software. Results: A total of 489 articles were published between 1999 and 2018, with a peak of 103 in 2016 with 2420 citations. A decline in publication count was observed after 2016. The journal International Journal of Physiotherapy published the highest number of articles (n=35). Manipal University (n=26) was found to be the most active institution for physiotherapy research in India, as determined by producing the most articles. Indian physiotherapists published the highest number of research articles in collaboration with US authors (n=24). Conclusion: There is an increasing trend in the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists over the past two decades; however, a decline is observed after 2016. It is recommended that research collaborations across the globe are increased and scientific output should be improved, leading to a higher number of citations. Future research should explore factors influencing scientific production of Indian physiotherapists and devise appropriate strategies to attain further improvement.
Wilms’ tumor 1 protein expression in embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and its association with clinical prognostic factors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Angelina Aina , Siregar Nurjati Chairani , Arisanty Riesye 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) are the two major histological types commonly found in the pediatric population, which have different morphology and genetic profile. Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) is an antigen highly expressed in solid tumors, including rhabdomyosarcoma, and a potential immunotherapy target. Only a few studies have attempted to determine WT1 expression in rhabdomyosarcoma. This study was conducted to demonstrate WT1 expression in ERMS, ARMS and associate it with established prognostic factors.
METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta using archival data from January 2011 to December 2017. 30 from 102 ERMS cases and 16 from 28 ARMS cases were included in this study. Data of age, tumor size, and location were collected. All cases were stained by WT1 immunohistochemistry. The expression was assessed semiquantitatively using histoscore (H-score) formula. An independent t-test was used to compare WT1 expression between ERMS and ARMS. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between WT1 expression and prognostic factors.
RESULTS All ERMS and ARMS cases expressed WT1 in diffuse, moderate to strong staining. ERMS show higher WT1 expression than ARMS (H-score 179.9 versus 149.5) (p = 0.014). Strong WT1 expression mostly found in patient age <20 years and non favourable location. Moderate WT1 expression mostly found in cases with tumor size >5 cm.
CONCLUSIONS WT1 expression was higher in ERMS cases than in ARMS cases, which the expressions were similar in different age, tumor size, and location groups.
A systematic review of respiratory infection due to air pollution during natural disasters
Authors: Burhan Erlina , Mukminin Ummul 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND Wildfire and volcano eruption occurred in Indonesia due to its geographical location, climate change, global warming, and human behavior. Various substances produced an increased risk of experiencing health problems, including respiratory infection. Evidence about the effect of pulmonary infection during natural disasters is still limited. This study was aimed to review and elaborate on previous studies to determine the effect of air pollution exposure during natural disasters and respiratory infection.
METHODS Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar, and was limited to the 10 last years, human studies, and the English language. Inclusion criteria were articles with representation for clinical questions, review articles, population studies, and the full-text article was available. Exclusion criteria were articles that only discussed the exposure to and not the association with the effect of the respiratory infection. The Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine tools appraised six relevant articles.
RESULTS Air pollution during a natural disaster enhances particulate matter to 10–70 μg/m3 and more than 5 times the aerosol optical depth measurement compared with the tolerated air concentration. The air level was consistently related to acute respiratory infection, pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis admissions in wildfire smoke and volcanic eruption in this review. Nevertheless, there was a diverse result for upper respiratory infection cases.
CONCLUSIONS Natural disasters increased the level of ambient air pollution that exceeded the levels recommended by the World Health Organization air quality guideline. Air pollution may play an important role in respiratory tract infection, especially among population with high exposure.
Compact wide-angle capsule endoscopic lens design
Authors: Chang Sehui , Kim Dongmok , Kwon Hyuk-Sang 
Published: March 2020

Capsule endoscopes require a high-quality imaging system in terms of the wide field of view (FOV), image brightness, and resolution to provide accurate diagnostic information. However, because of the wide-angle lens design, the first element of the lens inevitably becomes larger in diameter, making it difficult to reduce the overall size of the lens. In this study, the compact wide-angle lens for a capsule endoscope is reported. The proposed system allows the first element to be compact in diameter and increases image quality by utilizing all aspheric surfaces for optical aberration control. The specification of the proposed capsule endoscope lens shows the wide FOV of 160 deg, F-number 2.8, and total track length of 5 mm. In the overall FOV, relative illumination is still over 60%. To achieve a high image quality in the proposed system, the modulation transfer function is over 30% at 180 lp/mm for a

1920

×

1080

1/6 inch CMOS image sensor in a pixel size of 1.4 µm.
Comparison of four techniques for turbulent phase screens simulation
Authors: Charnotskii Mikhail 
Published: March 2020

In the study, we introduce a new technique, sparse spectrum with uniform wave vectors (SU), for generation of phase screen samples. In a manner similar to the known sparse spectrum (SS) technique, it uses a trigonometric series with random discrete spectral support. However, in contrast to the SS technique, random wave vectors are uniformly distributed on individual segments of the wave vector plane partition in the SU technique. We compare the accuracy and computational effectiveness of the SU technique with the subharmonics complemented discrete Fourier transform (DFT) technique, SS technique, and randomized DFT technique [ J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 36, 3249 (2019)JOBPDE0740-322410.1364/JOSAB.36.003249]. The SU and SS techniques generate unbiased samples and indicate superior computational effectiveness for 1 MP and larger screens.
Compact full-field hard x-ray microscope based on advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez mirrors
Authors: Yamada Jumpei , Matsuyama Satoshi , Hirose Raita , Takeda Yoshihiro , Kohmura Yoshiki , Yabashi Makina , Omote Kazuhiko , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Yamauchi Kazuto 
Published: March 2020

X-ray full-field microscopy is a promising method for nondestructive
observation of opaque materials because it can attain a high
resolution and wide field of view without sample scanning. We recently
developed hard x-ray objective optics, which are key devices for
full-field microscopy, based on total-reflection mirrors with high
throughput and achromatic properties. The objective optics consist of
two types of advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez mirrors configured as crossed
one-dimensional Wolter type I and type III optics. The designed optics
possessed magnification factors of 42–45 with a compact camera length
of approximately 2 m. The hard x-ray full-field microscope based on
this system was tested at the BL29XU beamline at SPring-8. We were
able to resolve 100-nm periods (50-nm line widths) of a resolution
test chart at a photon energy of 15 keV over 30 h, which demonstrated
the remarkable stability of this system. The image quality was
preserved over a wide photon energy range from 9 to 15 keV. A periodic
dot pattern with dot diameters of 300 nm, formed on a 775-µm-thick Si
substrate, was three-dimensionally visualized by computed
tomography.