bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of Phenylalanine in Amniotic Fluid Detected by MS/MS for Screening of ma ternal PKU in the Second-Trimester
Authors: wang yanyun , Sun yun , Wang yu-guo , Jiang tao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Phenylketonuria is the most common inherited metabolism disease in China. This study aimed to identify a new, sensitive, simple, and easy method of screening maternal Phenylketonuria in the fetal stage.Methods: Samples of amniotic fluid, dried blood spots, and blood collected on the same day were obtained from women in the second-trimester (16–28 weeks). Women had to meet the following criteria: (i) isolated high risk of quadruple marker screening or cell-free DNA screening, (ii) women who gave birth to at least one child with intellectual disability of unknown etiology, and (iii) women who gave birth to a child who died young from unknown etiology. The exclusion criteria were as follows: clinically evident chorioamnionitis, multiple gestation, and laboratory signs of infection in the amniotic fluid sample. Phenylalanine levels were measured using tandem mass spectrometry. Women who met criterion (i) served as controls whose results were used to set reference values of Phenylalanine in amniotic fluid. Women who met criteria (ii) and (iii) served as the case group whose results were used to check for maternal Phenylketonuria. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation of Phenylalanine in amniotic fluid and in venous blood. Results: We analyzed 365 samples of amniotic fluid. Among them, 345 were included in the control group, with reference values of Phenylalanine in amniotic fluid of 10.79–48.47 µmol/L. Twenty cases were included in the case group. One woman in the case group was diagnosed with hyperphenylalaninemia whose fetus was diagnosed with maternal Phenylketonuria by comprehensive analysis of Phenylalanine in dried blood spots and in amniotic fluid, head circumference in fetal ultrasound, and a previous history of adverse pregnancy. The correlation between Phenylalanine concentrations in venous blood and in amniotic fluid was weak.Conclusions: Phenylalanine can be readily measured in amniotic fluid. Relative to controls, amniotic fluid levels of Phenylalanine was increased in maternal Phenylketonuria. These results can support the use of Phenylalanine as a screening tool for maternal Phenylketonuria. The significance of these change requires further study.
Identification of Risk Factors for in-hospital Death of COVID - 19 Pneumonia
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics and identify independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia.Methods: A total of 156 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at the central Hospital of Wuhan from January 29, 2020, to March 20, 2020 were enrolled in this single-centered retrospective study. Their epidemiological parameters, clinical presentations, underlying diseases, laboratory test results and disease outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: The median age of enrolled patients was 66. Underlying diseases were identified in 101 patients, with hypertension being the most common one, followed by cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The most common symptoms identified upon admission were fever, cough, dyspnea and fatigue. Compared to survival cases, patients who dead during hospitalization had higher plasma levels of D-dimer, creatinine, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate and lower percentage of lymphocytes (LYM [%]), platelet count and albumin levels. Most enrolled patients received anti-biotics and anti-viral treatment. In addition, 60 patients received corticosteroid and 51 received intravenous immunoglobulin infusion. 44 patients received noninvasive ventilation, 19 received invasive ventilation. Respiratory failure was the most frequently observed complication (106 [67.9%]), followed by sepsis (103 [66.0%]), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (67 [42.9%]) and septic shock (50 [32.1%]). Multivariable regression suggested that advanced age (OR [odds ratio]= 1.059, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.011-1.110, P= 0.016) and elevated lactate level upon admission (OR= 2.411, 95% CI: 1.177-4.941, P= 0.016) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality for COVID-19 infection. Meanwhile, increased LYM (%) at admission (OR= 0.798, 95% CI: 0.728-0.876, P< 0.001) indicated a better prognosis. Conclusions: In this study, we discovered that age, LYM (%) and lactate level upon admission were independent factors that could influence in-hospital mortality rate.
A measurement of radiographers pandemic experiences &amp; perceptions survey (PEPS) during the coronavirus pandemic in Kuwait.
Authors: AlMulla Muna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
AimCOVID-19 has present the working environment with terms such as volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, which are factors that has the potential to significantly result in the possible breakdown of the workforce as they experience more and more collapse of community, absence of fairness, and conflicting values. This study aimed to measure radiographers' experience during COVID-19 using pandemic experiences & perceptions survey (PEPS) tool. The tool provides critical information on the extent of workflow disruption, the measure and availability of resources, risk perception, impact on working dynamics (workload, control, reward, community, fairness, and values) and management.Methods:An online survey was distributed from May 2020 to June 2020 to radiographers who work in Kuwait government, private hospitals, clinics, or newly authorized medical quarantine centers. The survey consists of 2 pages, 34 questions in total, with an additional added demographic page. In total, it takes 10 to 15 minutes to complete the survey. For reporting PEPS results, we used descriptive analysis for the demographic data, average scoring, and mean and standard deviation (SD) for the tool items.Results:The number of participants who attempted to answer the survey was 347; however, only 102 participants completed the survey. 48 (47.1%) males and 54 (52.9%) females, the questionnaire had a mean (± SD) age of (35.7 ± 8.2) years. 89% of participants have indicated that they have been in direct contact with COVID-19. 57.8% have expressed that they have had the training, support, and equipment to provide minimal control over the virus. Furthermore, more than half of the participants (68.7%) have expressed fear of the virus and that the virus presented a danger to them. With regards to the five PEPS tools, the mean ± SD (table 1) were: Disruption 2.487 (±1.094), resources 2.580 (±1.196), risk perception 2.963 (±1.713), impact on work-life areas 3.810 (±0.992), and Leadership 3.795 (±0.965).Conclusion:The majority of radiographers explained fear and risk of working with COVID-19; however, they had a positive attitude toward their leadership and management. Most radiographers explained that regardless of their faith in management, additional education interventions and campaigns were required to improve their sense of safety and confidence. Working with an insensitive working environment of COVID-19, any organization will experience some burnout, depending on both the quality of the management system and how leaders react in real-time. This PEPS tool can help to contain future burnouts and conflicts.
Nomogram to predict survival of patients with advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Deng Guochao , Lv Yao , Yan Huan , Han Quan-li , Dai Guang-hai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The nomogram is increasingly being used in tumor prognosis. Few nomograms estimate the survival of patients with advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer. We aim to establish a comprehensive nomogram to predict the survival probability of advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Methods
A total of 323 patients with advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer who underwent first-line chemotherapy from January 2010 to December 2018 were identified from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital. The baseline nomogram was established with baseline variables of 323 patients. And 233 patients who had initial tumor responses to first-line chemotherapy were enrolled in chemotherapy response-based model. The 6-month survival probability was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression models. Discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were tested by the concordance index (C-index), calibration plots and Kaplan-Meier curves. The predictive accuracy and net benefit of the nomogram were performed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively.
Results
In the baseline model, the 4 variables (KPS, gender, baseline CA 19 − 9 and baseline LDH) were enrolled in the final model. In the chemotherapy response-based model, the 5 variables (KPS, gender, baseline CA 19 − 9, the initial response to chemotherapy and second-line chemotherapy) were included in nomogram. The C-index of the two nomograms was 0.704 (95%CI, 0.65–0.76) and 0.846 (95%CI, 0.79–0.89), respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test x2 statistics were 4.182 (p = 0.840) and 9.427(P = 0.323), respectively. Both two nomograms with good performance were demonstrated by the calibration plots.
Conclusion
The nomograms had been established to predict the survival probability of advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer who underwent first-line chemotherapy. And the chemotherapy response-based model was better than the baseline model.
Overexpression of C1QTNF6 Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Zhu Xin , Tong Hang , Gao Shun , Yin Hubin , Zhu Gongmin , Li Xinyuan , He Weiyang , Gou Xin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common urinary cancer. This study aimed to provide promising molecular biomarkers for bladder cancer by investigating the correlations between C1QTNF6 expressions and clinical characteristics as well as prognosis in patients with bladder cancer.Methods: C1QTNF6 RNA sequencing profiles of bladder cancer patients were collected to evaluate different expressions between normal bladder mucosa and bladder cancer from TCGA database and GEO database. The associations between C1QTNF6 expression and clinical characteristics as well as prognosis were evaluated by two independent cohorts. The cell expression of C1QTNF6 expression between normal bladder cell and bladder cancer cells were tested in western blot and PCR, and the underlying molecular mechanism was investigated.Results: RNA levels of C1QTNF6 were found to be differentially expressed in two independent public cohorts including TCGA database and GSE13507 from GEO database. The protein and RNA expressions C1QTNF6 in bladder cell lines were both significantly elevated than normal bladder cell line. High C1QTNF6 expressions were found in advanced T status, M status, pathological grade, AJCC stage compared with low C1QTNF6 expression group. The underlying mechanism may be explained by cell migration and invasion assays that bladder cancer cells 5637 and T24 were significantly reduced migration and invasion ability with the knock-down C1QTNF6 expressions. The low RNA expression group of C1QTNF6 demonstrated OS advantage over high-expression group in both TCGA and GSE13507 cohorts. Besides, protein expressions in tissues were further validated in HPA database and TMA. Survival analysis also indicated that the high expression of C1QTNF6 indicated unfavorable OS compared with low expressions group.Conclusions: High expression of C1QTNF6 predicted poor prognosis for bladder cancer patients, and the underlying mechanism is associated with cancer cell migration and invasion ability.
Predictors of adherence to prescribed exercise programs for older adults with non-musculoskeletal indications for exercise: a systematic review
Authors: Shaw Julia F , Pilon Sophie , Vierula Matthieu , McIsaac Daniel I 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Prescribed exercise to treat medical conditions and to prepare for surgery is a promising intervention to prevent adverse health outcomes for older adults; however, adherence to exercise programs may be low. Our objective was to identify and grade the quality of predictors of adherence to prescribed exercise in older adults.
METHODS

After registration (CRD42018108242), prospective experimental studies were identified using a peer-reviewed search strategy applied to MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and CINAHL from inception until April 23, 2019. Following independent and duplicate review of titles, abstracts and full texts, we included prospective studies with an average population age ≥ 65 years, where exercise was formally prescribed for a medical or surgical condition. We excluded studies where exercise was prescribed for a chronic musculoskeletal condition. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic studies tool or Cochrane risk of bias tool, as appropriate. Predictors of adherence were identified, pooled, and graded for quality using an adaptation of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework for predictor studies.
RESULTS

We included 19 observational studies and 4 randomized controlled trials (n = 5785) Indications for exercise included cardiac (n = 6), pulmonary rehabilitation (n = 7), or other (n = 10; surgical, medical, and neurologic). Overall adherence rate was reported in 20 studies (range 21%-93%; mean 68%, standard deviation 23%). Moderate-quality evidence suggested that positive predictors of adherence were self-efficacy and good self-rated mental health; negative predictors were depression (high quality) and distance from the exercise facility. Moderate-quality evidence suggested that comorbidity and age were not predictive of adherence.
CONCLUSIONS

These findings can inform design of future exercise programs as well as identification of individuals who may require extra support to benefit from prescribed exercise.
Patient Perspectives on the Implementation of Routinised Syphilis Screening With HIV Viral load Testing: Qualitative Process Evaluation of the Enhanced Syphilis Screening Among HIV-positive Men Trial
Authors: MacKinnon Kinnon R , Grewal Ramandip , Tan Darrell HS , Rousseau Rodney , Maxwell John , Walmsley Sharon , MacPherson Paul A , Rachlis Anita , Andany Nisha , Mishra Sharmistha , Allen Vanessa G , Burchell Ann Natalie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Syphilis infections have been on the rise, affecting men living with HIV in urban centres disproportionately. Since individuals in HIV care undergo routine blood testing, HIV clinics provide practical opportunities to conduct regular and frequent syphilis testing. Following the implementation of a routine syphilis testing intervention in HIV outpatient clinics, we conducted a qualitative process evaluation of patient experiences to measure patient acceptability, barriers to implementation, and facilitators of successful uptake. Methods: Upon completion of the trial, which took place at four HIV outpatient clinics in Toronto and Ottawa, Canada, we recruited male patients attending these clinics from November 2017 to April 2018. Interviews were conducted on-site and were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. All participants provided written informed consent. Interview data were analyzed using grounded theory, assessing qualitative modulators of effective uptake of routinised syphilis testing. Results: A total of 21 male patients were interviewed. Overall, interviewees found the clinical intervention acceptable, endorsing the practice of routinising syphilis testing alongside regular viral load bloodwork. Some men preferred, based on their self-assessment of syphilis risk, to opt out of testing; we considered this as a potential barrier to uptake of population-wide routinised syphilis testing. Interviewees also identified multiple facilitators of successful uptake, including the de-stigmatising of STI testing as a consequence of the universal nature of routinised testing. Participants recommended a routinised syphilis screening intervention to give patients peace of mind surrounding their sexual health. Participants identified HIV care clinics as comfortable and efficient locations to offer testing. Conclusions: Overall, most men were in support of implementing routinised syphilis testing as part of standard HIV care. From the patient perspective, HIV care clinics are convenient places to be tested for syphilis, and the routine approach was viewed to have a de-stigmatisng effect on syphilis testing. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02019043; registered December 23, 2013.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02019043; registered December 23, 2013.
Modeling of antiproliferative effects of Salvia officinalis L. essential oil optimized using Box–Behnken design
Authors: Kallel Imen , Bayoudh Ahmed , Gargouri Bochra , Khannous Lamia , Elaguel Asma , Tharhouni Nidhal , Lassoued Saloua , Messaoud Ezeddine Ben , Hadrich Bilel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Salvia officinalis L. essential oil (SoEO) was mostly traditionally used to medicate various diseases as cancer. Then, the present work aims were: (1) to model the cytotoxicity effects of Salvia officinalis L. essential oil (SoEO) related to the human cancer cell lines kind (MCF-7 and HeLa) ; (2) to optimize the hydro-distillation extraction conditions of SoEO; and, (3) to determine the in vitro scavenging capacity of the free radicals DPPH•, NO•, ABTS+, and the ability to reduce Fe3+.
Methods

The cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative abilities were evaluated by measuring cell viability and then modeled. Two human cell lines: MCF-7 and HeLa were used. The optimization of SoEO extraction by hydro-distillation was carried out with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using the Box–Behnken design
Results

The cytotoxicity activity against both tumor cell lines MCF-7 and HeLa was considerably important with IC50 = 3.125 and 8.920 µg/mL, respectively. All treated cell lines showed a significant reducing in cell viability in response to the increasing oil concentration. The relative behaviors of both cell lines under SoEO treatment were modeled. The obtained optimal extraction yield was Y = 1.85 g/100 g d.b. The main identified fractions were camphene (23.7%), α-thujone (19.62%), 1,8-cineole (10.6%), viridiflorol (5.9%), borneol (5.72%); β-thujone (5.4%); caryophyllene (3,83%). Also, SoEO was mostly able to scavenge DPPH• free radical, ABTS+ radical and hydrogen peroxide in an amount dependent manner (IC50 = 0.97, 0.279 and 0.05 mg/mL, respectively).
Conclusion

The present work provides a preliminary platform for further investigation of the possible mechanism of S. officinalis essential oils and their individual compounds in cytotoxic and antitumor activity.
PVRL2 rs6859 Modifies the Effect of Triglyceride on Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Shanghai Aging Study
Authors: Wang Ruru , Ding Ding , Atibaike Abuduaili , Xi Jianxiong , Zhao Qianhua , Liang Xiaoniu , Zheng Li , Guo Qihao , Hong Zhen , Fu Hua , Xiao Qianyi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many AD-risk variants and indicated the important role of lipid metabolism pathway in AD progression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of triglyceride (TG) and genetic risk factors on progression from MCI to AD (MCI-AD progression).Methods The current study sample comprised of 305 MCI subjects aged 50 and over who were prospectively followed up for average 4.5 years in a sub-cohort of the Shanghai Aging Study. A consensus diagnosis of incident AD was conducted according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV and the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria. Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline for analyzing serum TG. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping was performed using a MassARRAY system. The effect of TG, genetic variants and their interaction on MCI-AD progression were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results During a mean (±SD) follow-up period of 4.5±1.3 y, 58 subjects developed incident AD. The SNP, rs6859 in the Poliovirus Receptor–Related 2 (PVRL2) gene, was significantly associated with incident AD (false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P = 0.018). In multivariate cox model, the PVRL2 rs6859 AG, AA and AG+AA genotypes were associated with significantly increased incident AD, compared with the GG genotype (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.29, P = 0.029, and HR = 2.92, P = 0.013, and HR = 2.47, P =0.012, respectively). In PVRL2 rs6859 AG/AA carriers, higher ln TG was significantly associated with increased risk of incident AD (adjusted HR =2.64, P = 0.034). Ln TG and PVRL2 rs6859 had interactive effect on the MCI-AD progression (P Ln TG × rs6859 = 0.001). Conclusion The present study indicated that PVRL2 rs6859 modified the effect of TG on MCI-AD progression. Precision prevention in MCI population based on genetic information should be considered to avoid progression to AD.
Complex phase evolution of Brushite-based calcium phosphate CaHPO4·2H2O using in situ high temperature X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis
Authors: Hazzat Mouatamid El , Hamidi Adnane El , Halim Mohammed , ARSALANE said 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study focused on a detailed examination of the thermal behavior of Brushite-based calcium phosphate (CaHPO 4 .2H 2 O, DCPD) to identify and characterize the intermediate phases which have been the subject of previous several controversies. For that, in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction supported by infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy analysis were used and the results showed that the progressive thermal stress of DCPD in air resulted in a heterogeneous formulation consisting of dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous (CaHPO 4 , DCPA) and an amorphous phase, which appears at low temperatures (~160 °C) and persists up to 375 °C. The deep examination of the amorphous phase by infrared spectroscopy revealed that its chemical composition is similar to that of disordered calcium pyrophosphate (Ca 2 P 2 O 7 , CPP) with the appearance of a characteristic band δ(P-O-P), located at 740 cm -1 . This IR band is shifted to low frequencies (725 cm -1 ) as the temperature is increased, indicating the crystallization of the amorphous phase into γ-CPP. The high temperature treatment (≥ 375 °C) leads to b-CPP polymorph. According to the present characterization results, obtaining pure DCPA from the thermal dehydration of DCPD is not effective and leads to biphasic materials including an amorphous phase.
Investigation of the room temperature ferromagnetism in transition metal doped ZnO thin films
Authors: Kumar Arun , Dhiman Pooja , Aggarwal Sanjeev , Singh Mahavir 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the present work, we have studied the ferromagnetic nature of the (Fe, Ni) co-doped Zn1-x-y NiyFexO (y = 0.01 and x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) thin films fabricated through the RF magnetron sputtering on Silicon (400) substrate. Structural information of the deposited transition metal-doped ZnO thin films was studied through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The surface roughness and average grain size of the thin films examine through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The optical band gaps of the thin films have been analyzed through the UV-Vis spectroscopy and it was appropriate for the optoelectronic devices. Tau’c Plots were used for the calculation of the band gap by extrapolating the (αhν) = 0, the straight-line portion of the plot to zero absorption coefficient. The magnetic study of these thin films confirmed the ferromagnetic (FM) behavior. RT-FM in all the deposited thin films was discuses on the base of polaron percolation theory.