bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative economic analysis of dairy characteristics focused on repeat breeding losses in selected milk pocket areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam MN , Bari MS , Habib MR , Sarkar MM , Islam MA 
Published: April 2020

Dairy farming is an important approach for farmers to increase their incomes and which has a significant contribution to the economy of Bangladesh. The present study describes the dairy characteristics and estimates the financial profitability of dairy farming in selected milk pocket districts of Bangladesh. Following study areas- Sirajganj, Bogura, Rangpur, Satkhira and Munshiganj districts were selected based on the fastest growing dairying, abundant number of dairy farms and contribution in national milk production. Two hundred and sixty-five (265) dairy farms were selected across the study areas and data were collected through direct interview method. The study revealed that dairy herd sizes from the surveyed farms varied from 5 to 19 per farm. Average milk productivity was found 7 to 10 L per cow per day, in which Satkhira district cow’s milk productivity per day (10 L/cow/d) and lactation (3,116 L/cow/lactation) was found the highest and Rangpur district was the lowest. On the contrary, significantly (p=0.000) highest milk production per farm per lactation was in the Rangpur district (33,697 L) and the lowest in the Bogura district (9,818 L). Results revealed that statistically (p=0.000) higher income generated in Munshiganj district in terms of per cow per year and/or per day compared to the other milk pocket districts. The study also indicated that repeat breeding cost and unavailable income per farm per year were higher in the Sirajganj district and lowers in the Bogura district. Repeat breeding problems increases the production cost of the animals significantly (p=0.000) and negatively affect the farm profitability of the milk pocket areas in Bangladesh. Annually gross margin and net return per cow were statistically (p=0.000) higher in Munshiganj district. Benefit-cost ratios were found more than one and indicated that benefit is much higher than the cost of production at Satkhira (annual BCR/farm=1.52) and Munshiganj districts (annual BCR/farm=1.50) compared to the other areas (0.27–0.35 units more). Dairy farming provides higher economic benefits to the farmers of Munshiganj and Satkhira districts compared to the other milk pocket districts. The research concludes that there is an ample scope and possibility for sustaining and developing dairy farming in the milk pocket districts of Bangladesh. Overall, it may be suggested that the causes of repeat breeding should be identified and corrected accordingly within the shortest possible time for the betterment of dairying. Also, milk prices should be similar across the milk pocket districts and essential inputs prices should be kept within the affordable purchase range of farmers for sustainable dairying.
Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (2): 145-154
Visual Literacy: A Bet to Be Earned, ASAP
Authors: Avraam Sachpatzidis D. 
Published: April 2020

New language produces new thought. creativity, critical thinking, educational achievement, empathy towards others, and ability to decipher technology. The gap between looking and seeing can be bridged with observing– the process of building a catalogue of visual elements, a very important argument in front of the so called “narrowness of the education system.”
The science of perception and the history of image through the ideas of Eratosthenes, Copernicus, Descartes, Aristotle, Confucius and many others, is to create meaning. Language is, and always will be, the ultimate form of communication.
A book of illustrations and not with illustrations, could make complex arguments through that medium that he couldn’t with words alone. Words have been considered for many centuries of the human history, the superior currency of intellect. So, educators don’t know where to start when it comes to teaching visual literacy.
Photos without captions can make us look only at the photo, and make judgments and inferences by ourselves. Teaching graphic design alongside poetry, could show that design it’s more than just lines and illustration. It a sophisticated way to grasp the procedure from an idea to a picture.
The sooner teachers can really abandon the Learning Styles Theory and not label students as “visual learners”, since we all learn visually, the sooner students will be empowered to become visually literate.
Not all serious ideas require words, and many are better off without them. Visual communication deserves its place, and can also serve education.
Arbitrary Detention: A Challenge Faced by Muslim Minority in India
Authors: Turrey Aijaz A. 
Published: April 2020

Muslims form the largest religious minority in India. Census of India 2011 registered about 14.4 per cent of India’s total population as Muslims. Being minority Muslims are one of the weaker sections of society and the most oppressed ones. Majority of the Muslims especially youth are going through distress and trauma of terrorism tags. Muslims are the prime targets of anti-national activities and often jailed and killed in fake encounters. They are the most suffered section of the society and a little is being done for their upliftment. An attempt has been made to analyze the condition of the Muslim minority in India in the present democratic scenario. The study mainly focused on the consequences of false charges and fake encounters on the socio-economic conditions of Muslims and their families in India. The study is actually an investigation in some thrust areas in which Muslim section of the society is being demoralized deeply in India. The government of India established The Ministry of Minority Affairs on 29th January 2006 to look after the issues of minority communities and suggest development frameworks for their benefit. The 2017 World Report of the Human Rights Watch1 also finds India as the violator of human rights with respect to freedom and treatment of minorities.1An Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analyzing crime data as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC).
A Educação física desportiva generalizada nos cursos de aperfeiçoamento didático no brasil na década de 1950
Authors: Bicalho da Cunha Luciana 
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a presença da Educação Física Desportiva Generalizada (EFDG) em cursos de aperfeiçoamento pedagógicos realizados em diferentes estados brasileiros na década de 1950 com o propósito de modernizar a atuação docente. Levou-se, portanto, em consideração a abordagem da Histórica Cultural, buscando estabelecer a conexão entre o que fora proposto e as diferentes formas de apropriação de um dado saber e prática, bem como reconhecer os sujeitos mediadores que contribuíram para a sua circulação. Com base em fontes documentais, como periódicos e materiais didáticos, e depoimentos orais, pode-se constatar que ideias e práticas postas em circulação nos cursos, simbolizadas pelos gestos, pelas demonstrações e por anotações de estruturas e atividades de aula, se tornaram a base para a divulgação da EFDG em outros espaços, como a imprensa periódica e o currículo das escolas de Educação Física do período.
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MIXED DEMENTIA COMPLICATED BY HALLUCINATORY-PARANOID DISORDERS
Authors: Shevchenko-Bitensky K. 
Published: April 2020

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MIXED DEMENTIA COMPLICATED BY HALLUCINATORY-PARANOID DISORDERS
Shevchenko-Bitensky K.
The study involved 72 patients with mixed dementia complicated by hallucinatory-paranoid disorders (main group) and 61 patients with mixed dementia not complicated by psychotic disorders (control group). It was established and proved that patients with mixed dementia complicated by psychotic disorders were characterized by more expressed cognitive impairments, which were manifested in impairments of praxis, gnosis, memory, skills of counting, attention process, thinking and orientation.
Keywords: mixed dementia, diagnosis, hallucinatory-paranoid disorders, cognitive dysfunctions.

Анотація.
ДІАГНОСТИЧНІ КРИТЕРІЇ КОГНІТИВНИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ЗМІШАНОЮ ДЕМЕНЦІЄЮ, УСКЛАДНЕННОЮ ГАЛЮЦИНАТОРНО-ПАРАНОЇДНИМИ РОЗЛАДАМИ
Шевченко-Бітенський К.
У дослідженні прийняло участь 72 пацієнтів зі змішаною деменцією, ускладненою галюцинаторно-параноїдними розладами (основна група) та 61 пацієнт зі змішаною деменцією, не ускладненою психотичними розладами (контрольна група). Встановлено та доведено, що пацієнти зі змішаною деменцією, ускладнених психотичними розладами, характеризувались більш вираженими когнітивними порушеннями, що проявлялось в порушеннях праксису, гнозису, пам’яті, навичок рахування, процесу уваги, мислення та орієнтації.
Ключові слова: змішана деменція, діагностика, галюцинаторно-параноїдні розлади, когнітивні дисфункції

Аннотация.
ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКИЕ КРИТЕРИИ КОГНИТИВНЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ СО СМЕШАННОЙ ДЕМЕНЦИЕЙ, ОСЛОЖНЕННОЙ ГАЛЛЮЦИНАТОРНО-ПАРАНОИДНЫМИ РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ
Шевченко-Битенський К.
В исследовании приняло участие 72 пациентов со смешанной деменцией, осложненной галлюцинаторно-параноидными расстройствами (основная группа) и 61 пациент со смешанной деменцией, не осложненной психотическими расстройствами (контрольная группа). Установлено и доказано, что пациенты со смешанной деменцией, осложненной психотическими расстройствами, характеризовались более выраженными когнитивными нарушениями, проявляющимися в нарушениях праксиса, гнозиса, памяти, навыков счета, процесса внимания, мышления и ориентации.
Ключевые слова: смешанная деменция, диагностика, галлюцинаторно-параноидные расстройства, когнитивные дисфункции
El uso off label de medicamento: ¿buena o mala práctica?
Authors: López G José Julián 
Published: April 2020

El término más conocido es uso off label de medicamentos, sin embargo, en un intento por castellanizarlo se le ha denominado también uso fuera de indicación, indicación no habitual, no oficial, no autorizada, no aprobada, uso alternativo o uso desvirtuado, y para el caso de Colombia se acuño el término Uso No Indicado en el Registro Sanitario (UNIRS). Todos estos conceptos tienen en común la información existente en el registro sanitario: indicación, dosis, vías de administración y población. Por lo tanto, el uso off label (de ahora en adelante UNIRS) de un medicamento varía dependiendo de las condiciones bajo las cuales fue aprobada su comercialización en cada país (1).
En el caso de Colombia, existen algunos problemas al aplicar estrictamente esta definición, ya que la dosis no está incluida en la mayoría de los registros sanitarios, y la indicación terapéutica en ocasiones se confunde con el efecto farmacológico, no se concreta a una indicación en particular o puede variar de un registro a otro.
The Effect of pH and Temperature in the Propagation of Water Treeing in XLPE Insulated Underground Cable
Authors: Promvichai Narupon , Boonraksa Terapong , Marungsri Boonruang 
Published: April 2020

Water treeing has become the major problem in XLPE insulated underground cable caused by the moisture penetration. Despite several studies performed, this problem is still not clear on how the moisture can fast damage the XLPE insulated cable under certain operating conditions. This work has studied the effect of pH and temperature of the ionic solutions to the degradation of the XLPE insulation. The study focused on the XLPE cable used in the 22 kV underground distribution systems in Thailand. The ionic solutions involved a 0.1 mole/L of NaCl and CuSO4 solutions for degrading the XLPE cable at ambient and 50 °C in 1000 hours and 4000 hours with the electric stress of 22 kV 50 Hz continuously. CuSO4 and NaCl revealed a pH of 4.04 to 3.70 and 6.49 to 6.74 from ambient to 50 °C respectively. The higher strength of acidity resulted by CuSO4 at 50 °C was observed to be more effective in the propagation of water treeing across the XLPE insulation. The propagation of water treeing across the XLPE was strongly dependent on the pH level. Temperature above ambient was concluded to be detrimental for XLPE insulation when a CuSO4 ionic solution exists over a long period due to the significant propagation of water treeing.
A Single-chord Stellar Occultation by the Extreme Trans-Neptunian Object (541132) Leleākūhonua
Authors: Buie Marc W. , Leiva Rodrigo , Keller John M. , Desmars Josselin , Sicardy Bruno , Kavelaars JJ , Bridges Terry , Weryk Robert , Herald Dave , Haley Sean L. , Strauss Ryder , Wilde Elizabeth , Baker Robert , Conway Ken , Dean Bryan , Dunham Mackenzie , Estes James J , Fiechter Naemi , Givot Rima , Glibbery Cameron , Gowe Bruce , Hayman Jennifer N. , Ireland Olivia L , Kehrli Matthew , Moore Erik M. , MacDonald Matthew A. , McCrystal Delsie , Mendoza Paola , Palmquist Bruce , Rennau Sherry , Schar Ramsey , Swanson Diana J. , Terris Emma D. , Werts Holly , Wise J. A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A stellar occultation by the extreme large-perihelion trans-Neptunian object (541132) Leleākūhonua (also known by the provisional designation of 2015 TG387) was predicted by the Lucky Star project and observed with the Research and Education Collaborative Occultation Network on 2018 October 20 UT. A single detection and a nearby nondetection provide constraints for the size and albedo. When a circular profile is assumed, the radius is

km, corresponding to a geometric albedo

, for an adopted absolute magnitude of H

V
= 5.6, typical of other objects in dynamically similar orbits. The occultation also provides a high-precision astrometric constraint.
Lithium in T Coronae Borealis
Authors: Woodward C. E. , Pavlenko Ya. V. , Evans A. , Wagner R. M. , IIyin I. , Strassmeier K. G. , Starrfield S. , Munari U. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
T Coronae Borealis is a recurrent, symbiotic nova system currently in quiescence between its periodic ≈80 yr cycle of eruptions. Observations during inter-outburst epochs provide an opportunity to study properties of the accretion disk and the M red giant. Here we present new irradiated (blackbody veiling) models, incorporating modern molecular opacities and line lists, of spectra derived from high-resolution (22,000 ≲ R ≲ 120,000) optical echelle observations obtained at two epochs, one prior to and one post the 2015 rebrightening event at similar spectroscopic system phase. We find a lithium abundance in the secondary at both epochs to be comparable. The non-irradiated (classical) model atmospheres yield a lithium abundance, A(Li) = 1.3 ± 0.1. The irradiated model (veiled) atmospheres, which are likely a better representation of the system in which the white dwarf and accretion disk illuminate the red giant, give A(Li) = 2.4 ± 0.1.
Flux Tubes Forming Instability Near the Base of the Rotating Convection Zone: A Possible Explanation for the Low Latitudes of Sunspots
Authors: Kitchatinov L. L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The rise of flux tubes with intense magnetic fields from the base of the convection zone to the solar surface has been substantiated as a probable mechanism for sunspot formation. The origin of flux tubes of a sufficient strength (∼105 G) is, however, uncertain. This paper considers the instability of a large-scale toroidal magnetic field caused by the magnetic suppression of convective heat transport as a candidate for the flux-tube formation mechanism. The consideration employs the analytical dependence of eddy diffusion on the magnetic field supplied by mean-field magnetohydrodynamics. The instability tends to produce regions of increased field strength with spatial scales of the order of 100 Mm at the base of the convection zone. Characteristic growth times of the instability are short compared to the 11 yr cycle. The threshold field strength for the onset of the instability increases from several hundred Gauss in the vicinity of the equator to some kilo-Gauss at middle latitudes. Growth rates of unstable disturbances decrease with latitude. These latitudinal trends can be the reason for the observed confinement of sunspot activity to a near-equatorial belt.
Real-time, Value-driven Data Augmentation in the Era of LSST
Authors: Sravan Niharika , Milisavljevic Dan , Reynolds Jack M. , Lentner Geoffrey , Linvill Mark 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The deluge of data from time-domain surveys is rendering traditional human-guided data collection and inference techniques impractical. We propose a novel approach for conducting data collection for science inference in the era of massive large-scale surveys that uses value-based metrics to autonomously strategize and coordinate follow-up in real time. We demonstrate the underlying principles in the Recommender Engine For Intelligent Transient Tracking (REFITT) that ingests live alerts from surveys and value-added inputs from data brokers to predict the future behavior of transients and design optimal data augmentation strategies given a set of scientific objectives. The prototype presented in this paper is tested to work given simulated Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) core-collapse supernova (CC SN) light curves from the Photometric LSST Astronomical Time-series Classification Challenge data set. CC SNe were selected for the initial development phase as they are known to be difficult to classify, with the expectation that any learning techniques for them should be at least as effective for other transients. We demonstrate the behavior of REFITT on a random LSST night given ∼32,000 live CC SNe of interest. The system makes good predictions for the photometric behavior of the events and uses them to plan follow-up using a simple data-driven metric. We argue that machine-directed follow-up maximizes the scientific potential of surveys and follow-up resources by reducing downtime and bias in data collection.
Possible Production of Solar Spicules by Microfilament Eruptions
Authors: Sterling Alphonse C. , Moore Ronald L. , Samanta Tanmoy , Yurchyshyn Vasyl 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We examine Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) Goode Solar Telescope (GST) high spatial resolution (0.″06), high-cadence (3.45 s), Hα-0.8 Å images of central-disk solar spicules, using data of Samanta et al. We compare with coronal-jet chromospheric-component observations of Sterling et al. Morphologically, bursts of spicules, referred to as “enhanced spicular activities” by Samanta et al., appear as scaled-down versions of the jet’s chromospheric component. Both the jet and the enhanced spicular activities appear as chromospheric-material strands, undergoing twisting-type motions of ∼20–50 km s−1 in the jet and ∼20–30 km s−1 in the enhanced spicular activities. Presumably, the jet resulted from a minifilament-carrying magnetic eruption. For two enhanced spicular activities that we examine in detail, we find tentative candidates for corresponding erupting microfilaments, but not the expected corresponding base brightenings. Nonetheless, the enhanced-spicular-activities’ interacting mixed-polarity base fields, frequent-apparent-twisting motions, and morphological similarities to the coronal jet’s chromospheric-temperature component, suggest that erupting microfilaments might drive the enhanced spicular activities but be hard to detect, perhaps due to Hα opacity. Degrading the BBSO/GST-image resolution with a 1.″0-FWHM smoothing function yields enhanced spicular activities resembling the “classical spicules” described by, e.g., Beckers. Thus, a microfilament eruption might be the fundamental driver of many spicules, just as a minifilament eruption is the fundamental driver of many coronal jets. Similarly, a 0.″5-FWHM smoothing renders some enhanced spicular activities to resemble previously reported “twinned” spicules, while the full-resolution features might account for spicules sometimes appearing as 2D-sheet-like structures.
Greenness, mortality and mental health prescription rates in urban Scotland - a population level, observational study
Authors: Hyam Roger 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown an association between vegetation around dwellings and mortality, with mental health as a possible mediator.
OBJECTIVES: Examine whether there is an association between greenness and mortality or greenness and the proportion of the population being prescribed drugs for anxiety, depression or psychosis in urban areas of Scotland.
METHODS: Two greenness maps were prepared based on Landsat 8 Normalised Difference Vegetation Index data from 2013 to 2016, one for summer and one for winter. Greenness was sampled from these maps around each of 91,357 urban postcodes. The greenness data was averaged by 4,883 urban Data Zones covering 71% of the Scottish population and compared with mortality and prescription rate data from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.
RESULTS: The areas least green in the summer were found to have higher mortality rates but no association was found between mortality and winter-greenness. The largest relative differences of mortality were around 9%. High levels of summer-greenness were associated with an increase in mental health prescription rates but areas with the highest differences between summer and winter-greenness had lower prescription rates than other areas. The largest relative difference in prescription rate was 17%. All models controlled for overall deprivation. It is hypothesised that the year round greenness of mown grass is associated with increased mental health prescriptions and obscures the benefits of other kinds of vegetation on both mortality and mental health.
DISCUSSION: There is an association between greenness and mortality and greenness and mental health. The association is both statistically significant and large enough to be of importance for policy making. Higher levels of non mown grass vegetation may be preferable for human wellbeing but more detailed understanding of the diversity of plant life in urban areas and how people related to it is required to make more specific recommendations.
Une esthétique de la puissance : vaisseaux et galères du roi
Authors: Vigié Marc 
Published: April 2020

Durant le règne de Louis XIV, les vaisseaux et les galères participent autant sinon davantage à la fabrication de l’image du roi qu’à la réalisation de ses ambitions guerrières. La construction navale se caractérise alors par une exceptionnelle intrication de l’art, du pouvoir et de la puissance militaire. Les unités de la flotte, notamment les vaisseaux de premier rang, reçoivent une décoration sculptée et peinte aussi profuse qu’exubérante. Toutefois, l’esthétique décorative de cette imagerie politique ignore trop les contraintes techniques de l’arme navale. La marine du roi proclame la suprématie du souverain sans pouvoir la démontrer face à l’ennemi. Dès la fin du xvii e siècle, la crise du fonctionnement « esthétique » et politique du vaisseau de guerre français est patente. Elle épargne les galères, dont la véritable mission est de rappeler en soumettant par la force les condamnés de droit commun et les protestants que le roi est source de justice et garant de la « vraie foi ».
Réflexion sur le style
Authors: Malvaux Gilles 
Published: April 2020

Comment rendre belle une victoire ? Comment en exprimer la grandeur et la gloire ? Le style classique, au sens de celui de Corneille ou de Racine, a des qualités propres que l’on retrouve en particulier dans les comptes rendus de bataille, du Grand Siècle à Churchill. Ce style, qui remonte à l’illustre Veni, Vidi, Vici de Jules César, mérite d’être comparé à celui de notre époque, davantage marqué du sceau de l’efficacité au détriment du souci du beau.
Is beauty universal?
Authors: Marchal Marion 
Published: April 2020

Nous avons renoncé à la croyance en un critère objectif du beau ; nous savons que nous sommes maintenant installés dans le relativisme esthétique. Comment en sommes-nous arrivés à ne plus pouvoir justifier nos appréciations par un critère unique ? Faut-il regretter cette nouvelle situation ? Ne faut-il pas plutôt reconnaître qu’en elle se libèrent non seulement la diversité des goûts mais surtout celle des productions artistiques ?