bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life in Severely Injured Trauma Patients with Positive and Negative Blood Alcohol Level on Admission
Authors: Riuttanen Antti , Jokihaara Jarkko , Huttunen Tuomas T. , Mattila Ville M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
PurposeThe objectives of this study were to evaluate whether pre-injury alcohol use has an influence on an injured patient’s HR-QoL and reported problems.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 227 severely injured trauma patients (age ≥ 18 years, NISS ≥ 16) treated at Tampere University Hospital’s (TAUH) Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or High Dependence Unit (HDU) in 2013. HR-QoL was assessed with the EQ-5D questionnaire, and was further compared with index values of population norms of Finland.ResultsPatients with positive BAL expressed notably more anxiety and depression (45%) before trauma compared to both patients with negative BAL (11%) and the reference population (14%). Overall, pre-injury HR-QoL was also poorer in BAL positive patients than BAL negative patients. The amount of anxiety and depression in BAL positive patients decreased after injury. In both groups, the relative number of reported problems after injury exceeded the relative number of reported problems of the reference population in all five EQ-5D dimensions.ConclusionsPatients with positive BAL upon admission report overall lower pre-injury HR-QoL than patients with negative BAL, which is most likely explained by the alcohol’s negative effect on mental health. As reported anxiety and depression decreased one year after injury, we speculate that this may partly be explained by a possible reduction in alcohol use, which has been reported to happen in injury patients. As has previously been reported, the impact of severe injury on post-injury QoL in general is detrimental and long-lasting and overall HR-QoL remains lower than the population norm.
Improvement of liver disease and inflammation in patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis after antiviral therapy
Authors: MEDRANO Luz M , BERENGUER Juan , SALGUERO Sergio , GONZÁLEZ-GARCÍA Juan , DÍEZ Cristina , HONTAÑÓN Victor , GARCIA-BRONCANO Pilar , IBAÑEZ-SAMANIEGO Luis , BELLÓN José M , JIMÉNEZ-SOUSA Mª Ángeles , García Salvador Resino 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) promotes an improvement in liver disease and deactivation of the immune system. Here, we aimed to evaluate the changes in liver disease scores and plasma biomarkers following HCV clearance with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis. We performed a prospective study of patients with advanced cirrhosis (liver decompensation or liver stiffness measurement [LSM]≥25 kPa or hepatic liver pressure gradient [HVPG]≥10 mmHg or Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CTP)≥7) who received DAA therapy. Variables were assessed at baseline and 48 weeks after HCV treatment completion. Statistical analyses were performed employing Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM). In this study, 62 patients (12 HCV-monoinfected and 50 HIV/HCV-coinfected) who achieved SVR were included in the analysis. We found significant decreases in LSM, HVPG, LBP, IP-10, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-1RA, OPG, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, TNFR-I, PAI-1, and VEF-A during follow-up. Variations in most outcome measures were similar as for HCV-monoinfected and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. We found significant positive associations between changes in LBP, IP-10, MCP-1, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, OPG, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and PAI-1 and LSM values after HCV clearance. We found variations in LBP, IL-8, IL-6, IL-18, OPG, PAI-1, and D-dimer were positively associated with changes in HVPG values; and variations in IP-10, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1RA, OPG, and sICAM-1 were related to changes in CTP score. In conclusion, the eradication of HCV with all-oral DAAs promoted a decrease in the severity of advanced cirrhosis and plasma biomarkers (inflammation, coagulopathy, and angiogenesis), which were positively associated with each other.
SSRG evolution in the genus Oryza
Authors: Freitas Karine Elise Janner de , Santos Railson Schreinert dos , Busanello Carlos , Victoria Filipe de Carvalho , Lopes Jennifer Luz , Wing Rod A. , Oliveira Antonio Costa De 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Cooking quality is an important attribute in Common/Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties, being highly dependent on grain starch composition. This composition is known to be highly dependent on a cultivar’s genetics, but the way in which their genes express different phenotypes is not well understood. Further analysis of variation of grain quality genes using new information obtained from the wild relatives of rice should provide important insights into the evolution and potential use of these genetic resources.Findings: The analysis of the protein sequences of grain quality genes across the Oryza suggest that the deletion/mutation of amino acids in active sites result in variations that can negatively affect specific steps of starch biosynthesis in the endosperm. As observed in O. sativa subsp. japonica, the lower amylose content is probably related to the absence of a C-terminal domain in PUL, characterizing what we know as japonica genotypes. On the other hand, the complete deletion of some genes in the wild species do not affect the amylose content, as observed in the absence of GBSSII in starch biosynthesis of O. meridionalis, SSIV2 in O. glaberrima and DPE1 in O. brachyantha and O. nivara in which such modifications seem not to affect the final endosperm starch composition.Conclusion: Here we present new insights for obtaining new starch-specific rice phenotypes, considering structural protein features that include both the absence and duplication of copies, once again denoting that Oryza species are a rich source of variability for use in plant breeding.
Capsaicin Analog Supplementation is not Effective to Improve 10-km Running Time-Trial Performance in Amateur Athletes: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Morano Ana Elisa von Ah , Padilha Camila S. , Soares Vinicius Aparecido Matos , Machado Fabiana Andrade , Hofmann Peter , Rossi Fabrício E , Lira Fabio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the acute effect of capsaicin analog supplementation on 10-km time-trial running performance and physiological responses in amateur athletes. Methods: Twenty-one participants (age = 29.3 ± 5.5 years), completed two randomized, double-blind trials: capsaicin analog condition [Capsiate (CAP) = 24 mg] or a placebo condition. The participants consumed two doses of 12 mg of capsaicin or placebo capsule 45 minutes before and immediately at the start of each trial. The time required to complete 10-km in minutes, lactate concentration, maximum heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. Results: 10-km time-trial performance (CAP= 44.4 ± 6.3 min vs placebo= 45.3 ± 6.8 min, P = 0.823) was not statistically significant different between conditions. No statistically significant differences between conditions were detected for lactate concentration (P = 0.507), HR (P = 0.897) and RPE (P = 0.517). Conclusion: Capsaicin analog supplementation did not improve performance and physiological responses in a 10-km running time-trial in amateur athletes.
Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of Atypical Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma With Multiple Metastases
Authors: Wang Qiushi , Yang Xiao , Jiang Minrui , Li Mengxia , Zhang Lei , He Yong , Zhao Lianhua , Ma Qiang , Chen Yan , Mao Chengyi , Fu Ping , Yang Ying , Xiao Hualiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Few patients with pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) may suffer from recurrence and oligometastasis as it is a benign tumor or has a low malignancy potential. Herein, an in-depth study, based on an extremely rare PSP case with atypical features, was carried out to elaborate the potential mechanism underlying the rapid malignant progression. Methods: The clinicopathological data of this atypical PSP (AP) case were obtained. Formalin‑fixed and paraffin‑embedded tissues from all the lesions of AP and five classic PSP cases (as control) were used for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and immunohistochemistry. Results: A 23-year-old male showed a 6.5-cm pulmonary nodule in the right middle lobe (RML) and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs). He underwent thoracoscopic RML lobectomy, systematic LNs dissection, and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. The metastases to the cervical LNs and liver were detected in a short period and then resected. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PSP in all the lesions, based on the typical histological characteristics and immunophenotypes. Furthermore, WES identified both AKT1 E17K somatic mutation and TP53 C176Y germline mutation in this AP case. The genomic evolution analysis showed different evolutionary branches in the metastatic tumors distinct from the primary lesion. Moreover, compared to the control group, the AP case showed high copy number variations (CNVs) and significantly high copy number instability (CNI). Conclusions: We speculated that the atypical histopathological features and malignant behaviors may be due to the co-mutations of somatic AKT1 E17K and germline TP53 C176Y, combined with the high CNVs and CNI.
Potential Role of the Rumen Microbiome in Modulating Milk Protein and Fat in Dairy Cow Using Microgenomic Sequencing
Authors: Wu Xin , Peng Peng , Liu Yanan , Han Bo , Sun Dongxiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The rumen is the main digestive and absorption organ of dairy cows that contains abundant microorganisms and effectively utilizes human-indigestible plant mass. Investigation on microbiome in the rumen from lactating dairy cows using metagenomic sequencing is reasonable for identifying ruminal microorganisms that contribute to milk composition traits.
Results

We used the Illumina HiSeq platform to generate the rumen microbiome of the six lactating Holstein cows with extremely high and low milk protein and fat percentages (high and low groups of PP and FP). In total, 6977 microorganism species were detected in which Bacteroidetes (51.4%) and Prevotella (38.48%) was the most predominant phylum and genus, respectively. Between high and low groups, we observed significantly differential microorganism abundances in genus and species levels. By performing LEfSe and Metastats analyses, we identified 38 top abundant species displaying differential richness between two groups in common (LDA > 3, p < 0.05, q = 0.037 ~ 0.048), in which Prevotella accounted for 68.8% of the species with higher abundance in high group. Function annotation with KEGG, eggnog and CAZy databases showed the species with significantly higher abundance in high group were enriched in carbohydrate, amino acid, pyruvate, insulin and lipid metabolism and transportation, indicating their higher capability of digesting feed and subsequently providing substrate for milk composition synthesis in mammary gland. In addition, a kind of anaerobic fungi, Neocallimastix californiae, was identified in high group that could coexist with rumen microbes and promote cellulose digestion.
Conclusion

This study investigated the rumen microbiome in lactating Holstein cows using metagenomic sequencing. Significant differential bacterial richness were observed between the cows with extremely high and low PP and FP. Function annotation showed the abundant species in high group were involved in carbohydrate, amino acid, pyruvate, insulin and lipid metabolism and transportation, indicating the significant correlation between rumen microbiota and milk compositions formation in dairy cattle.
The Perceptions of the Working Environment of Anaesthesiologists Migrating From the Public to the Private Sector in a Developing Country: An Exploratory, Qualitative Study
Authors: Kolling Matthew Graeme , Scribante Juan , Perrie Helen , Green-Thompson Lionel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

There is a significant disparity in the distribution of medical practitioners within the public and private healthcare sector of South Africa. This study explores the perceptions of anaesthesiologists of their working environment in the public sector following their migration into private practice. Their reasons for leaving are largely unknown.
Methods

Rich pictures were applied in an exploratory, qualitative research design using Checkland’s Soft Systems Methodology. Anaesthesiologists (specialist anaesthetists), who left the Department of Anaesthesiology at the University of the Witwatersrand between 2014 − 2017 and were working in the private sector in the Johannesburg Metropole were invited to a workshop. Participants were asked to draw a rich picture to illustrate their perceptions of the working environment in the Department and to then draw a picture to depict the ideal anaesthesiology working environment in the Department. Explanations of their pictures were audio recorded and deductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data, guided by Herzberg’s Motivation- Hygiene Theory.
Results

The rich data from this study suggests job dissatisfaction and a lack of satisfaction in the Department due to poor hygiene and motivator factors such as poor working conditions, challenging workplace relationships, inflexibility with work-life balance and a lack of accountability. These factors are some of the important reasons for migration of anaesthesiologists from public to private practice.
Conclusion

This study demonstrates the complexity of interactions between individuals working together in systems which are often in tension and are sensitive to multiple dynamic influences. These systems are context-specific but need to recognise the factors which may ultimately impact quality health service delivery and education.
No Predictable Relationship Between Presacral Vertebral Number and Hes7 Intron Number Across Mammals
Authors: Arnold Patrick , Gurke Marie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In mammals, the number of vertebrae and the somites they derive from is highly limited. Nevertheless, there are some lineages that have an increased number of presacral vertebrae and thus an elongated trunk. This suggests that somitogenesis, the process of somite formation in early development, is altered in these lineages. According the ‘clock and wavefront’ model of somitogenesis, temporal information of somite boundary formation is generated by a traveling wave of cyclic expression of oscillator genes. Hes7 has been suggested to be a key oscillator gene of this molecular segmentation clock. A previous study showed that reducing the number of introns within the Hes7 gene results in a more rapid tempo of Hes7 oscillation and an increased number of presacral vertebrae. Variation in Hes7 intron number could therefore be a potential evolutionary mechanism for varying vertebral number across mammals. In order to test this hypothesis, Hes7 intron number is here compared to presacral vertebral number across a variety of mammals.No significant relationship between both metrics could be detected as their variation across the mammalian phylogeny is fundamentally different. Integrating our data in the previously published mathematical model of Hes7 oscillation confirms the finding that variation in intron number does not predict variation in presacral vertebrae, rendering a direct causal relationship unlikely. However, our data support the previous suggestion that at least two introns are required for Hes7 pace making function of the segmentation clock.
Design, Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Matada Gurubasavaraja S.P. , Abbas Nahid , Dhiwar Prasad S. , Basu Rajdeep , Devasahayam Giles 
Published: July 2020

Background:The abnormal signaling from tyrosine kinase causes many types of cancers, including breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia. This research reports the in silico, synthesis, and in vitro study of novel pyrimidine derivatives as EGFR inhibitors.Objective:The objective of the research study is to discover more promising lead compounds using the drug discovery process, in which a rational drug design is achieved by molecular docking and virtual pharmacokinetic studies.Methods:The molecular docking studies were carried out using discovery studio 3.5-version software. The molecules with good docking and binding energy score were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by FT-IR, NMR, Mass and elemental analysis. Subsequently, molecules were evaluated for their anti-cancer activity using MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and A431 breast cancer cell lines by MTT and tyrosine kinase assay methodology.Results:Pyrimidine derivatives displayed anti-cancer activity. Particularly, compound R8 showed significant cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 with an IC50 value of 18.5±0.6μM. Molecular docking studies proved that the compound R8 has good binding fitting by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues at ATP binding sites of EGFR.Conclusion:Eight pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against breast cancer cell lines. Compound R8 significantly inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Molecular docking studies revealed that compound R8 has good fitting by forming different Hydrogen bonding interactions with amino acids at the ATP binding site of epidermal growth factor receptor target. Compound R8 was a promising lead molecule that showed better results as compared to other compounds in in vitro studies.
New Hybrid Scaffolds Based on Carbazole-Chalcones as Potent Anticancer Agents
Authors: Rashid Faisal , Zaib Sumera , Ibrar Aliya , Ejaz Syeda A. , Saeed Aamer , Iqbal Jamshed , Khan Imtiaz 
Published: July 2020

Background and Objectives:
Despite various technological advances for the treatment of cancer, the
identification of new chemical entities with potent anticancer effects remain an indispensable requirement of the
time due to multi-drug resistance exhibited by previously developed anticancer drugs. Particularly, the hybrid
drugs incorporating two individual bioactive pharmacophores present medicinally important structural leads,
thus improving the pharmacodynamic profile of the drug molecules. The antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic
activity of the carbazole-chalcone hybrids on human breast and cervical cancer cells will be examined.

Materials and Methods:
To overcome such complications, in the current study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of
carbazole-chalcone hybrids on human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells and normal
cells i.e., baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-21) using MTT (dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide)
assay. The mechanistic studies were performed on potent compound 4g by fluorescent microscopic studies, release of
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase-9 and -3 and flow cytometric
analysis.

Results:
As revealed by MTT assay, compound 4g was identified as the most potent derivative among the tested
series with IC50 values of 5.64 and 29.15μM against HeLa and MCF-7 cells, respectively. The results were compared
with cisplatin. Fluorescent microscopic studies using 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and Propidium
Iodide (PI) staining confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis in HeLa cells treated with the most active compound
4g. Moreover, compound 4g also triggered the release of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in treated HeLa and
MCF-7 cells while a fluorescence assay displayed a remarkable increase in the activity of caspase-9 and -3.
Moreover, flow cytometric results revealed that compound 4g caused G0/G1 arrest in the treated HeLa cells.

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated that the compound 4g possesses chemotherapeutic properties against
breast cancer and cervical adenocarcinoma cells, thus warranting further research to test the anticancer potential
of this compound at preclinical and clinical level.
Linc01559 Served as a Potential Oncogene and Promoted Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Oxaliplatin by Directly Sponging miR-6783-3p
Authors: Dong Shunbin , Fu Ying , Yang Kaibo , Zhang Xing , Miao Runchen , Long Yunxiang , Liu Chang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Oxaliplatin (L-OHP)-based chemotherapy, such as FOLFOX4 (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and LOHP), improves the prognosis of patients with late-stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). However, the development of
resistance to L-OHP leads to failure of chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of linc01559 and
miR-6783-3p in regulating resistance to L-OHP.

Methods:
Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression profile. The
Cell Counting Kit-8 test and wound healing assay were also used. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA pull-down
assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to evaluate the interaction between linc01559 and miR-6783-3p.

Result:
linc01559 expression was associated with response to FOLFOX4, as well as miR-1343-3p and miR-6783-3p
expression in vivo. A nomogram, including linc01559 and miR-1343-3p, precisely and accurately predicted the overall
survival of patients with HCC. Regarding the in vitro tests, linc01559 showed higher expression in L-OHP-resistant cell
lines, whereas miR-6783-3p was downregulated. Knockdown of linc01559 led to decreased proliferation and migration
ability, and increased expression of miR-6783-3p; however, it did not influence the expression of miR-1343-3p. We also
found that linc01559 directly interacted with miR-6783-3p. Furthermore, linc01559 and miR-6783-3p regulated the
viability of L-OHP-resistant cells following treatment with L-OHP.

Conclusion:
linc01559 promoted the proliferation of HCC by sponging miR-6783-3p. This suggests that linc01559/miR6783-3p may be key factors in regulating resistance and response to L-OHP. Moreover, they may be potential therapeutic
targets for improving sensitivity to L-OHP in patients with HCC.
iRGD Co-Administration with Paclitaxel-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Enhance Targeting and Antitumor Effect in Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Li , Yang Mi , Li Rutian , Hu Jing , Yu Lixia , Qian Xiaoping 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To explore the targeting effect of PLGA-NP and iRGD co-administration with PTXPLGA
NP (PTX-PLGA + iRGD) on colorectal cancer.

Methods:
Whether PLGA-NP co-administration with iRGD peptide could show effective tumor-targeting ability
in contrast to with PLGA-NP in colorectal cancer mice models was evaluated. Moreover, the chemotherapeutics
Paclitaxel (PTX) was loaded into the PLGA-NP to impart anti-tumor efficiency to the PTX-PLGA. Whether
iRGD co-administration with PTX-PLGA NP (PTX-PLGA + iRGD) in colorectal cancer models enabled PTX
to achieve better anti-tumor efficiency and biocompatibility was further assessed.

Results:
The targeting ability of PLGA-NP was enhanced in cell experiment and colorectal cancer mice models
by co-administration of iRGD. As a result, PTX-PLGA + iRGD achieved better anti-tumor efficacy than PTX
and PTX-PLGA.

Conlusion:
The nanocarrier based on PLGA with specific targeting ability could promote the clinical application
of various chemotherapeutics similar to PTX. The combination of drug-loaded nanoparticles and iRGD
could develop into a promising drug delivery system.