bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐Office Tympanostomy Tube Placement in Children Using Iontophoresis and Automated Tube Delivery
Authors: Lustig Lawrence R. , Ingram Amy , Vidrine D. Macy , Gould Andrew R. , Zeiders Jacob W. , Ow Randall A. , Thompson Christopher R. , Moss Jonathan R. , Mehta Ritvik , McClay John E. , Brenski Amy , Gavin John , Waldman Erik H. , Ansley John , Yen David M. , Chadha Neil K. , Murray Michael T. , Kozak Frederick K. , York Christopher , Brown David M. , Grunstein Eli , Sprecher Robert C. , Sherman Denise A. , Schoem Scott R. , Puchalski Robert , Hills Susannah , Calzada Audrey , Harfe Dan , England Laura J. , Syms Charles A. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives/HypothesisEvaluate technical success, tolerability, and safety of lidocaine iontophoresis and tympanostomy tube placement for children in an office setting.Study DesignProspective individual cohort study.MethodsThis prospective multicenter study evaluated in‐office tube placement in children ages 6 months through 12 years of age. Anesthesia was achieved via lidocaine/epinephrine iontophoresis. Tube placement was conducted using an integrated and automated myringotomy and tube delivery system. Anxiolytics, sedation, and papoose board were not used. Technical success and safety were evaluated. Patients 5 to 12 years old self‐reported tube placement pain using the Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS‐R) instrument, which ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (very much pain).ResultsChildren were enrolled into three cohorts with 68, 47, and 222 children in the Operating Room (OR) Lead‐In, Office Lead‐In, and Pivotal cohorts, respectively. In the Pivotal cohort, there were 120 and 102 children in the <5 and 5‐ to 12‐year‐old age groups, respectively, with a mean age of 2.3 and 7.6 years, respectively. Bilateral tube placement was indicated for 94.2% of children <5 and 88.2% of children 5 to 12 years old. Tubes were successfully placed in all indicated ears in 85.8% (103/120) of children <5 and 89.2% (91/102) of children 5 to 12 years old. Mean FPS‐R score was 3.30 (standard deviation [SD] = 3.39) for tube placement and 1.69 (SD = 2.43) at 5 minutes postprocedure. There were no serious adverse events. Nonserious adverse events occurred at rates similar to standard tympanostomy procedures.ConclusionsIn‐office tube placement in selected patients can be successfully achieved without requiring sedatives, anxiolytics, or papoose restraints via lidocaine iontophoresis local anesthesia and an automated myringotomy and tube delivery system.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 130:S1–S9, 2020
An Easy‐to‐Fabricate Hydrogel Platform with Tunable Stiffness and Cell Anchorage: Validation of Its Feasibility in Modulating Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Physically
Authors: Yu Tingting , Hu Ke , Xu Qiufan , Xu Xueqin , Du Chunyue , Zhao Yinyi , Yan Sen , Wang Wei , Tang Shijia , Yue Shen , Zhang Xiya , Wang Danlei , Zhang Feimin , Cheng Steven Yan , Gu Ning 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe biophysical factors of microenvironments have increasingly been recognized as playing key roles in driving cell functions along with biochemical cues. However, current synthetic extracellular matrix materials with tunable biophysical properties are both costly and technically complicated to prepare, therefore limiting their application in the molecular biology field. Herein, an interpenetration hydrogel group with gradient stiffness and cell anchor points is developed, and the matrix stiffness and adhesion property functions as key regulators to determine the final output of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling is reported. Specifically, it is shown that the spreading areas of mouse embryonic fibroblasts are mainly regulated by stiffness of the matrix. The Shh‐induced Gli1 expression also increases with the cell spreading area. Finally, this work shows that b1‐integrin and focal adhesion kinase, respectively, act as sensors of matrix stiffness and adhesion properties, demonstrating the significance of the precise regulation of Shh signaling by cellular microenvironments. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using this hydrogel platform to study the impact of biophysical changes of the microenvironment on particular cellular signal pathways, and can potentially be applied in low‐cost, high throughput screening of signal pathways which are responsive to the biophysical changes of microenvironments.
Highly linear fundamental up‐converter in InP DHBT technology for W‐band applications
Authors: Hossain Maruf , Stoppel Dimitri , Boppel Sebastian , Heinrich Wolfgang , Krozer Viktor 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA fundamental up‐converter with high linearity is presented, realized as full Gilbert cell (GC) mixer using a 800 nm transferred substrate (TS) InP‐DHBT technology. The LO input of the Gilbert cell conducts from 75 to 100 GHz and requires 5 dBm of input power. The GC attains a single sideband (SSB) conversion gain of 10 ± 1 dB within the frequency from 82 to 95 GHz with a saturated output power of −1 dBm at 86 GHz and >5 dB conversion gain between 75 and 100 GHz. The up‐converter exhibits 25 GHz of IF bandwidth. The DC power consumption is only 51 mW.
Association Between Fetal Exposure to Famine and Anthropometric Measures in Adulthood: A Regression Discontinuity Approach
Authors: Fang Zhe , Chen Chuanbo , Wang Hanyu , Tang Kun 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the differences in six anthropometric measurements of people born during and immediately after the 1959 to 1961 Great Chinese Famine using a regression discontinuity approach.MethodsData were drawn from the baseline of the China Kadoorie Biobank study, and a subset of data from 76,912 participants was analyzed. We performed regression discontinuity among participants who were born during the famine (October 1959 to October 1962) and immediately after the famine period (November 1962 to October 1964) by using local linear and parametric regressions. All analyses were conducted by sex and study area.ResultsSignificantly, there were increases of 0.30 kg/m2 (P = 0.007) in BMI, 0.81 kg (P = 0.028) in weight, 8.57 mm (P = 0.004) in waist circumference, and 5.07 mm (P = 0.004) in hip circumference for rural women who were exposed to famine during their fetal period compared with those who were not exposed to famine in utero. However, such statistically significant increases in anthropometric values were not observed in local linear regression and most parametric models among rural men or in the urban population.ConclusionsRural Chinese women who were exposed to famine during the fetal period were observed to have higher levels of BMI, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference in adulthood.
Outpatient low toxic regimen with bortezomib in relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatrics and AYA patients: Single‐center Mexican experience
Authors: Colunga‐Pedraza Julia E. , González‐Llano Oscar , González‐Martinez Carlos Eugenio , Gómez‐Almaguer David , Yáñez‐Reyes José Miguel , Jiménez‐Antolinez Valentine , Colunga‐Pedraza Perla R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRelapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia represents a major challenge in low‐ and middle‐income countries where new therapies are not easily accessible. Combinations of cost‐effective drugs should be considered as a bridge for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We retrospectively analyzed pediatric and adolescent and young adult patients who received reinduction with a protocol based on l‐asparaginase, doxorubicin, vincristine, dexamethasone, and bortezomib (BZ). Fifteen patients were included. Total complete response (CR) was achieved by nine of 15 patients (60%); five patients achieved CR with negative minimal residual disease, two achieved complete morphological response (CR), and two complete morphological response without platelet recovery. Eleven patients (73%) were not hospitalized and 10 (66%) did not require any blood component transfusions. There were no cases of serious toxicity or mortality. Nine patients (60%) underwent transplant. Five‐year overall survival was 40%. This BZ‐based protocol is effective and safe when administered as an outpatient regimen and feasible in a low resource setting.
Plasmas for additive manufacturing
Authors: Sui Yongkun , Zorman Christian A. , Sankaran R. Mohan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAdditive methods for manufacturing materials have recently emerged, particularly for the fabrication of three‐dimensional architectures. Because of their long history in thin‐film etching and deposition, plasmas offer unique advantages for many of the materials and surface processes associated with additive manufacturing. Here, we review recent efforts that have been primarily focused on the direct writing of patterned structures and the post‐treatment of printed materials. Different configurations, materials, and applications are presented. Current challenges and a future outlook are also provided.
Differential Protein Expression between Cystic and Solid Vestibular Schwannoma Using Tandem Mass Tag‐Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Xu Jianhui , Ma Jing , Shi Yuxuan , Yin Dongming , Zhang Yang , Dai Peidong , Zhao Weidong , Zhang Tianyu 
Published: March 2020

PurposeCystic vestibular schwannoma (CVS) and solid vestibular schwannoma (SVS) are subgroups of vestibular schwannoma (VS). The tumorigenesis of CVS and SVS have not been fully elucidated, and this study is designed to identify differentially expressed proteins involved in the tumorigenesis of CVS and SVS.Experimental DesignTandem mass tag‐based proteomics is used to determine the protein expression profiles from CVS and SVS tissues.ResultsA total of 30 differentially expressed proteins are identified between CVS and SVS, with 6 being upregulated and 24 being downregulated. Bioinformatics analyses are performed according to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. These results indicate that two selected proteins (COL1A1 and COL1A2) are potential biomarkers for distinguishing CVS and SVS.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDifferentially expressed proteins linked to CVS and SVS are identified, and these proteins might provide potential biomarkers for human VS diagnosis. Furthermore, the present study supports the notion that decreased collagen might be the reason for bleeding associated with CVS.
Predictive factors influencing pregnancy rate in frozen embryo transfer
Authors: Hayashi Nao , Enatsu Noritoshi , Iwasaki Toshiro , Otsuki Junko , Matsumoto Yukiko , Kokeguchi Shoji , Shiotani Masahide 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the outcomes of embryo transfer (ET) and to identify the parameters influencing pregnancy outcomes.MethodsThis study included 938 ET cycles involving single frozen and thawed good‐quality blastocyst (Gardner grade ≥3BB) between August 2017 and January 2018. The significance of several parameters including endometrial thickness, position of the transferred air bubble, self‐evaluation score by physicians, and uterus direction at ET as predictors of clinical pregnancy was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsAmong 938 ET cycles, 462 (49.3%) resulted in a clinical pregnancy. Endometrial thickness was positively associated with clinical pregnancy in a linear trend. Between the variable position of the transferred air bubble and clinical pregnancy rate showed a curvilinear relationship. Clinical pregnancy rate was higher in cases with good self‐evaluation score, whereas there was no difference between groups with different uterus directions. Univariate analysis of predictive parameters identified endometrial thickness, self‐evaluation score by physicians, and position of air bubbles as significant predictors of clinical pregnancy, of which endometrial thickness and position of air bubbles appeared to be independently related to clinical pregnancy.ConclusionEndometrial thickness and the position of transferred air bubbles influenced clinical pregnancy in ET cycles.
Synthesis, In Silico Studies, Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activities of Quinoline‐Biphenyl Hybrids
Authors: Coa Juan Carlos , Yepes Andrés , Carda Miguel , Conesa‐Milián Laura , Upegui Yulieth , Robledo Sara M. , Cardona‐G Wilson 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe synthesis, in silico studies, antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities of eleven quinoline‐biphenyl hybrids are described herein. The structure of the synthesized products was elucidated by a combination of spectrometric analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, and amastigotes forms both Leishmania (V) panamensis and Trypanosoma cruzi. Cytotoxicity was evaluated against human U‐937 macrophages. 8‐phenylquinoline (4 a) showed similar activity than meglumine antimoniate and 4‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)phenol (4 b) exhibited an activity similar to that of benznidazole. 8‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl) quinoline (4 k) showed the best activity against P. falciparum. Although these compounds were toxic for mammalian U‐937 cells, however they may still have potential to be considered as candidates for drug development because of their antiparasite activity. Molecular docking was used to determine the in silico inhibition of some of the designed compounds against PfLDH and cruzipain, two important pharmacological targets involved in antiparasitic diseases. All hybrids were docked to the three‐dimensional structures of PfLDH and T. cruzi cruzipain as enzymes using AutoDock Vina. Notably, the docking results showed that the most active compounds 4‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)phenol (4 b, CE50: 11.33 μg/mL for T. cruzi) and 8‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl) quinoline (4 k, CE50: 8.84 μg/mL for P. falciparum) exhibited the highest scoring pose (−7.5 and −7.7 kcal/mol, respectively). This result shows a good correlation between the predicted scores with the experimental data profile, suggesting that these ligands could act as competitive inhibitors of PfLDH or T. cruzi cruzipain enzymes, respectively. Finally, in silico ADME studies of the quinoline hybrids showed that these novel compounds have suitable drug‐like properties, making them potentially promising agents for antiprotozoal therapy.
Innovative Flame Retardant and Antibacterial Fabrics Coating Based on Inorganic Nanotubes
Authors: Elsayed Enam M. , Attia Nour F. , Alshehri L. A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNovel and cost‐effective flame retardant and antibacterial textile fabrics coating was developed. Green coating was facilely synthesized using one pot method on the surface of cotton and polyacrylic textile fabrics converting them to multifunctional smart textiles. Polyaniline were polymerized in the presence of dispersed halloysite nanotubes, as the polyaniline chains were polymerized on the surface of the nanotubes which are aligned on the surface of textile fibers. Furthermore, TiO2NPs were also incorporated in the coating layer by decoration on nanotubes and textile fibers surfaces followed by wrapping with polymer chains. Additionally, polyaniline was polymerized alone on the surface of textile fabrics for comparison. The mass loading of nanotubes was varied. The flammability, mechanical and antibacterial properties of the developed coated textile fabrics were studied. The flame retardancy properties of the smart developed coated textile fabrics were improved as the rate of burning of coated textile fabrics was reduced achieved 72% reduction compared to uncoated one. The antibacterial properties were enhanced as the clear antibacterial inhibition zone was recorded 6 mm for developed coated sample compared to zero for uncoated and polyaniline coated samples. Additionally, the tensile strength of the coated samples was maintained. Furthermore, the flame retardancy mechanism of the smart developed textile fabrics was studied.
Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Coupled with Production of Value‐Added Chemicals
Authors: Xia Bingquan , Zhang Yanzhao , Shi Bingyang , Ran Jingrun , Davey Kenneth , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe conversion of water into clean hydrogen fuel using renewable solar energy can potentially be used to address global energy and environmental issues. However, conventional photocatalytic H2 evolution from water splitting has low efficiency and poor stability. Hole scavengers are therefore added to boost separation efficiency of photoexcited electron–hole pairs and improve stability by consuming the strongly oxidative photoexcited holes. The drawbacks of this approach are increased cost and production of waste. Recently, researchers have reported the use of abundantly available hole scavengers, including biomass, biomass‐derived intermediates, plastic wastes, and a range of alcohols for H2 evolution, coupled with value‐added chemicals production using semiconductor‐based photocatalysts. It is timely, therefore, to comprehensively summarize the properties, performances, and mechanisms of these photocatalysts, and critically review recent advances, challenges, and opportunities in this emerging area. Herein, this paper: 1) outlines reaction mechanisms of photocatalysts for H2 evolution coupled with selective oxidation, C–H activation and C–C coupling, together with nonselective oxidation, using hole‐scavengers; 2) introduces equations to compute conversion/selectivity of selective oxidation; 3) summarizes and critically compares recently reported photocatalysts with particular emphasis on correlation between physicochemical characteristics and performances, together with photocatalytic mechanisms, and; 4) appraises current advances and challenges.
Selective killing of leukemia cells: Yamanaka factors’ new trick
Authors: Xie Huafeng , Graf Thomas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The four transcription factors of the Yamanaka cocktail (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and Myc, termed OSKM) are famously capable of reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In an article recently published in Nature Communications, Wang et al describe the unexpected discovery that short-term activation of OSKM expression in acute myeloid leukemia cells in vivo induces apoptosis while negligibly affecting normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (Nat Commun 2019;10:5594). These findings have potential implications for novel anticancer strategies.
Activation of the RhoA-YAP-β-catenin signaling axis promotes the expansion of inner ear progenitor cells in 3D culture
Authors: Xia Mingyu , Chen Yan , He Yingzi , Li Huawei , Li Wenyan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCellular mechanotransduction plays an essential role in the development and differentiation of many cell types, but if and how mechanical cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) influence the fate determination of inner ear progenitor cells (IEPCs) remains largely unknown. In the current study, we compared the biological behavior of IEPCs in Matrigel-based suspension and encapsulated culture systems, and we found that the mechanical cues from the ECM promote the survival and expansion of IEPCs. Furthermore, we found that the mechanical cues from the ECM induced the accumulation of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) and caused the polymerization of actin cytoskeleton in IEPCs. These changes in turn resulted in increased Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear localization and enhanced expansion of IEPCs, at least partially through upregulating the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. We therefore provide the first demonstration that the RhoA-YAP-β-catenin signaling axis senses and transduces mechanical cues from the ECM and plays crucial roles in promoting the expansion of IEPCs.
Effects of soil on the energy response of equipment–structure systems with different connection types between the equipment and structure
Authors: Jiang Nan , Luo Lanfang , Bi Jihong 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn equipment–structure systems, the soil–structure interaction and connection types between the equipment and structure significantly affect the seismic response. To understand this effect, in this study, the motion equation of an equipment–structure–soil system was derived, and energy balance equations for each part of the coupled system were obtained. Further, the effects of the soil on the energy response were analyzed based on the results of shaking table tests of an equipment–structure system and real‐time substructure shaking table tests of equipment–structure–soil systems with different connection types. The energy response of the equipment–structure system with a rigid ground was compared with that of the equipment–structure–soil systems. The analysis results showed that the energy response of the equipment–structure–soil system with different connections was quite different from that of the system with a rigid ground. The soil decreased the total energy input to the equipment and structure and significantly changed the time distribution characteristics of the input energy. Additionally, the soil weakened the energy consumption of the connections. Therefore, the influence of the soil should be considered in the design of equipment–structure systems with connections.
Wind turbine asymmetrical load reduction with pitch sensor fault compensation
Authors: Liu Yanhua , Patton Ron J. , Shi Shuo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOffshore wind turbines suffer from asymmetrical loading (blades, tower, etc), leading to enhanced structural fatigue. As well as asymmetrical loading different faults (pitch system faults etc.) can occur simultaneously, causing degradation of load mitigation performance. Individual pitch control (IPC) can achieve rotor asymmetric loads mitigation, but this is accompanied by an enhancement of pitch movements leading to the increased possibility of pitch system faults, which exerts negative effects on the IPC performance. The combined effects of asymmetrical blade and tower bending together with pitch sensor faults are considered as a “co‐design” problem to minimize performance deterioration and enhance wind turbine sustainability. The essential concept is to attempt to account for all the “fault effects” in the rotor and tower systems, which can weaken the load reduction performance through IPC. Pitch sensor faults are compensated by the proposed fault‐tolerant control (FTC) strategy to attenuate the fault effects acting in the control system. The work thus constitutes a combination of IPC‐based load mitigation and FTC acting at the pitch system level. A linear quadratic regulator (LQR)‐based IPC strategy for simultaneous blade and tower loading mitigation is proposed in which the robust fault estimation is achieved using an unknown input observer (UIO), considering four different pitch sensor faults. The analysis of the combined UIO‐based FTC scheme with the LQR‐based IPC is shown to verify the robustness and effectiveness of these two systems acting together and separately.