bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Local Seismic Events near a Large-N Array for Moho Reflections
Authors: Zeng Qicheng , Nowack Robert L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLocal seismic events recorded by the large-N Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Community Wavefield Experiment in Oklahoma are used to estimate Moho reflections near the array. For events within 50 km of the center of the array, normal moveout corrections and receiver stacking are applied to identify the PmP and SmS Moho reflections on the vertical and transverse components. Corrections for the reported focal depths are applied to a uniform event depth. To stack signals from multiple events, further static corrections of the envelopes of the Moho reflected arrivals from the individual event stacks are applied. The multiple-event stacks are then used to estimate the pre-critical PmP and SmS arrivals, and an average Poisson’s ratio of 1.77±0.02 was found for the crust near the array. Using a modified Oklahoma Geological Survey (OGS) velocity model with this Poisson’s ratio, the time-to-depth converted PmP and SmS arrivals resulted in a Moho depth of 41±0.6  km. The modeling of wide-angle Moho reflections for selected events at epicenter-to-station distances of 90–135 km provides additional constraints, and assuming the modified OGS model, a Moho depth of 40±1  km was inferred. The difference between the pre-critical and wide-angle Moho estimates could result from some lateral variability between the array and the wide-angle events. However, both estimates are slightly shallower than the original OGS model Moho depth of 42 km, and this could also result from a somewhat faster lower crust. This study shows that local seismic events, including induced events, can be utilized to estimate properties and structure of the crust, which, in turn, can be used to better understand the tectonics of a given region. The recording of local seismicity on large-N arrays provides increased lateral phase coherence for the better identification of precritical and wide-angle reflected arrivals.
Simultaneous Earthquake Detection on Multiple Stations via a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yang Shaobo , Hu Jing , Zhang Haijiang , Liu Guiquan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn recent years, as the amount of seismic data has grown rapidly, it is very important to develop a fast and reliable event detection and association algorithm. Generally, event detection is first performed on individual stations followed by event association through linking phase arrivals to a common event generating them. This study considers earthquake detection as the problem of image classification and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), as some of the widely used deep-learning tools in image processing, can be well used to solve this problem. In contrast to existing studies training the network using seismic data from individual stations, in this study, we train a CNN model jointly using records of multiple stations. Because the CNN automatically synthesizes information among multiple stations, the detector can more reliably detect seismic events and is less affected by spurious signals. The CNN is trained using aftershock data of the 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan earthquake. We have applied it on two very different datasets of Gofar transform fault, East Pacific Rise and Changning shale gas field in southern Sichuan basin, China. The tests show that the trained CNN has strong generalization ability and is flexible with the number of available stations, different instrument types, and different data sampling rates. It can detect many more events than the conventional short-term average/long-term average detector and is more efficient than template-matching methods.
Analysis of labor induction in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Tanwar Meenakshi , Choudhary Anjali , Mishra Shweta 
Published: October 2020

Background: Induction of labour (IOL) is a very common labour room procedure. Although labor is a natural physiological process, deliberate intervention in the form of induction may be required in many instances. It is needed in almost 20% of pregnant women for a variety of indications. The objective is to evaluate indications, different methods, and feto-maternal outcome of induced labour in tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a retrospective study of IOL conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Shri Guru Ram Rai institute of medical and health sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Women who underwent IOL beyond 28 weeks gestation with single cephalic presentation with no contraindication for vaginal birth were included in the study. Statistical analysis was done with Microsoft excel.Results: A total of 1532 women delivered in the hospital during the study period. Among them, 498 women were induced (32.5%). Most common method of induction was misoprostol (40.36%) followed by prostaglandin E2 gel (26.90%). Out of 498 inductions, 377 women delivered vaginally making success of induction around 75.70%. Among them, 335 women had normal delivery (67.26%) and 42 women required instrumental delivery (8.4%) and 121 women underwent lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) (24.29%).Conclusions: Elective inductions of labor in properly selected indications at optimized timings aid in achieving a favorable maternal and fetal outcome. Methods of inductions, timing and intrapartum monitoring plays an important role in influencing obstetric outcome.
Acute right lower limb deep venous thrombosis due to pressure from large adenomyotic uterus-laparoscopic management
Authors: Anagani Manjula , Agrawal Prabha , Agrawal Rahul 
Published: October 2020

A 48-year lady came with abnormal uterine bleeding with 22 weeks size adenomyotic uterus compressing on right common iliac, external iliac and femoral vein leading to acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT). She had history of severe anaemia secondary to menorrhagia with multiple blood transfusions and medical management with tranexamic acid and oral and intrauterine progesterone for 2 years. She presented with right leg swelling and discoloration for 1 day, and a doppler ultrasound confirmed an extensive DVT. Limb saving procedure was taken up immediately with right femoral vein catheterization and venoplasty followed by heparin infusion and thrombolysis for total 48 hours. After 12 hours of stopping heparin drip total laparoscopic hysterectomy was done in view of continuous bleeding and to decrease pressure on iliac vessels. Post-operative heparin infusion started in 8 hours and patient was discharged in stable condition 48 hours post-surgery. Histopathological examination confirmed adenomyosis with weight of specimen being 1.5 kg. Large uterine fibroids are a well-known cause of DVT and/or pulmonary embolism (PE). However, reports of large uterine adenomyosis causing DVT secondary to pelvic compression are scanty.
Vaginal leiomyoma, post hysterectomy, mimicking vault prolapse: case report
Authors: Behura Jharna , Bagga Poonam , Mathur Anjali 
Published: October 2020

Leiomyomas are common benign smooth muscle tumours of the uterus. Leiomyoma of the vagina are very rare with only about 300 reported cases. Correct diagnosis and differentiation from urethral lesions are important but is usually difficult on clinical examination alone. A 40-year P3L3, with a previous history of abdominal hysterectomy 5 years back, for multiple fibroids presented with complaints of a mass descending per-vagina since the last 2 years. Since the last 6 months she had dyspareunia, dysuria and perineal discomfort. On external appearance the mass looked like a vault prolapse. However, on vaginal examination, it appeared as a single well circumscribed mass arising from the anterior vaginal wall and the vault. Transvaginal sonography showed a hypoechoic mass arising from the anterior vaginal wall of dimension 50×54×63 mm pressing on the urethra. Contrast CT revealed a rounded homogeneous well-defined soft tissue density mass lesion measuring approximately 63×52 mm in the region of the vaginal vault interposed between the bladder base and the rectum. Bilateral ovaries and adnexa appeared normal. Surgical excision of the tumour through the vagina was done. Histopathology confirmed leiomyoma. The diagnosis of vaginal leiomyoma is based on careful examination and preoperative imaging both by ultrasonography and a CT scan/MRI for ascertaining its location, extent, its relationship to adjacent structures and characterization before attempting surgical excision. The correct clinical diagnosis of a vaginal fibroid is frequently overlooked in favour of much more common urethral diverticulum.
İSTANBUL/UZUNÇARŞI YANGINI (1911) İÇİN TRABZON VİLAYETİNDEN TOPLANAN YARDIMLAR
Authors: ÖKSÜZ Melek 
Published: October 2020

Yangınlar her dönem İstanbul’un adeta korkulu rüyası olmuştur. Şehirde meydana gelen bu yangınlar sonucunda maddi manevi pek çok kayıp yaşanmıştır. Dikkatsizlik, kundaklama başlıca yangın nedenlerini oluştururken şehrin mimari yapılanması, söndürme tekniklerinin yetersizliği ve rüzgâr gibi faktörler yangının genişlemesine sebebiyet vermiştir. 20.yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde meydana gelen önemli yangınlardan birisi 1911 yılında Uzunçarşı’da çıkmış ve kısa zamanda geniş bir alana yayılarak tahribatı büyük olmuştur.
İstanbul’da meydana gelen bu felaket, hemen Trabzon’da da yankı bulmuştur. Vali Bey başkanlığında şehrin ileri gelenlerinin yer aldığı bir komisyon oluşturularak yardım toplanmıştır. Vilayete bağlı sancak ve kazalarda da aynı şekilde yardım faaliyetleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yerel bir gazete olan “Trabzon’da Meşveret” yangın ile ilgili haberleri okuyucularla paylaşarak bu konuda halkı bilgilendirmeye çalışmıştır. Aynı zamanda Vilayet dâhilinde komisyonlar aracılığı ile toplanan yardımların listeleri de gazetede yayınlanmıştır.
Bu çalışmada, “Trabzon’da Meşveret” gazetesine göre 1911 tarihli Uzunçarşı yangınının yerele nasıl yansıdığı ortaya konulacak ve Trabzon Vilayetinden yangın-zedeler için toplanan yardımlar değerlendirilecektir.
TARİH VE LİTERATÜRDE TRABZON İMPARATORLUĞU
Authors: KEÇİŞ Murat , ALİYAZICIOĞLU Zeynep İnan 
Published: October 2020

Alexander Aleandrovich VASILIEV’in “The Empire of Trebizond in History and Literature” (Byzantion, XV/I (1940-1941), s. 316-377.) adıyla kaleme aldığı, Murat KEÇİŞ ve Zeynep İNAN ALİYAZICI-OĞLU’nun “Tarih ve Literatürde Trabzon İmparatorluğu” adıyla Türkçe literatüre kazandırdıkları yazı, 1204-1461 yılları arasında Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde hüküm sürmüş devlet hakkında okurlara yeni ve özgün bilgiler sunmaktadır.
"Yıllar önce, tam olarak 1889 yazında, Rusya’nın St. Petersburg Üniversite-sinde öğrenciyken, Kafkasya’dan İstanbul’a seyahatim sırasında, Türkiye’de ikinci sınıf bir liman şehri olan Trabzon’u ziyaret ettim. O zamanlar, Trabzon’un uzun bir süre sonra özel ilgi alanım olacağını bilmiyordum. Henüz daha çok gençken, nedenini söylemek çok zor ama Trabzon’un cazibesi hayal dünyamda güçlü bir etki bırakmıştı ve onun cazibesine kapılan tek kişi ben değildim. Bir yüzyıldan uzun zaman önce Trabzon tarihinin ilk bilimsel çalışmasını kaleme alan Alman tarihçi ve filolog Fallmerayer’e göre Trabzon “hoş ve ahenkli adıyla” “gençliğinin ilk dönem-lerinde onun hayallerinin ülkesiydi.” Hakikatten gemi güvertesinden görünen uçsuz bucaksız yemyeşil dağlar arasında yer alan Trabzon’un panoraması adeta unutul-mazdır.
XIV. yüzyılda Trabzon’un imparatorluk tarihçisi Mikhail Panaretos, sarayın sıkıcı ama güvenilir bir anlatısını kaydettiği saray Kroniğiyle başka yerlerde bilin-meyen pek çok gerçeği ortaya çıkardı ve Trabzon İmparatorluğu tarihini ilk kez bir düzene sokarak okumamıza imkân sağladı. Ayrıca İstanbul’da doğmasına rağmen din adamı olarak Trabzon’da görev yapan Panaretos’un çağdaşı Andreas Libadenos, şehrin ve şehrin tarihiyle bağlantılı bazı olayların ilgi çekici bir tasvirini ardında bırakmıştı. XV. yüzyılda Trabzon’u ziyaret eden iki İspanyol seyyah Ruy Gonzales de Clavijo ile Pero Tafur şehrin ve küçük imparatorluğun genel durumunun son derece önemli bir resmini bize sunmuştur. İmparatorluğun yıkıma yaklaştığı XV. yüzyılda bile Trabzon, yazarlara ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Bu dönemde İznikli Bessarion ve Ioannes Eugenikos, ünlü Encomialarını [Övgü] kaleme almışlardı."...
Reconciliation Needs Remembrance: The German-Polish Case
Authors: Franzenburg Geert 
Published: October 2020

Pojednanie wymaga pamięci: przypadek niemiecko-polski
Artykuł podkreśla zależności między pojednaniem i pamięcią poprzez ocenę, z ekumenicznie zorientowanej perspektywy luterańskiej, przykładów dyskursów niemiecko-polskich w XX wieku, dotyczących aspektów wewnątrzosobowych, międzyosobowych, wewnątrzkulturowych, międzykulturowych i transkulturowych. Opierając się na badaniach nad pamięcią, pojednaniem oraz na parnerstwie między Münster i Lublinem, formułuje pewien program jednającej pamięci jako narzędzia dla wspólnych projektów dialogu ekumenicznego i transkulturowego poprzez dzielenie doświadczeń oraz umożliwianie rytuałów, które czynią te projekty zrównoważonymi.
Analysis of Humor on Cartoon Comics "Be Like Bro": Pragmatics Study
Authors: Puri Anindita Dewangga , Baskara FX. Risang 
Published: October 2020

This article aims to identify the types of violation of conversational maxims created by cartoon comic entitled “Be Like Bro” in the English version and also to describe how the humorous situation can be created from those violations. There are two findings in this research. First, those six data show that there is a violation of conversational maxims, which are the maxim of quantity, the maxim of relevance, and the maxim of manner. Those six data also show that the humorous situation is creating by incongruent meaning in the conversation and releasing the feeling. Keywords: humor, cooperative principles, context, pragmatics
Sugarcane Green Harvest Effects on Arthropod Ground Predators and Lesser Cornstalk Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Damage
Authors: Sandhu Hardev , Cherry Ron , Nadeem Mubashar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA field trial was conducted to determine the effects of harvest method (green cane harvest versus preharvest burning) and different crop residue removal treatments on the populations of ground-inhabiting arthropod predators and Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the first ratoon crop. Neither preharvest burning nor percentage crop residue removal after green cane harvest had any significant effect on the numbers of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (F = 1.00; df = 4; P = 0.412) or spiders (Araneae) (F = 0.08; df = 4; P = 0.921) captured in pitfall traps. In contrast, crop residue levels remaining after green cane harvest significantly impacted E. lignosellus damage to the ratoon crop, with increased damage associated with lower levels of residue. Removal of ≥66% of the crop residue caused a significant (F = 132.68; df = 3; P &lt; 0.001) increase in E. lignosellus damage that would likely reduce sugarcane yield, while 33% of the residue could be removed without increasing damage. Overall, our data indicate that green cane harvesting will not affect arthropod ground predators but may reduce the risk of E. lignosellus damage.
«Coronavirus» como manchachi. Notas acerca de las concepciones y conductas ante el miedo
Authors: Mujica Bermúdez Luis 
Published: October 2020

El artículo analiza el significado del término manchasqa o mancharisqa (asustado) en tiempos del coronavirus o SARS-Cov-2 entre los pobladores en una zona andina quechua y las conductas que adoptan ante la amenaza de la expansión del virus en el contexto de emergencia dispuesta por el Gobierno peruano. Se revisa el concepto del «susto» (manchasqa) recurriendo a la tradición mítica quechua, a la médica, a las ciencias sociales y a las humanas, como la psicología y la filosofía. Se propone una tipología, a modo de hipótesis, de las formas de entender el mancharisqa (estar asustado) en una zona de los andes.
Calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase, calcineurin inactivation mediated by baicalein attenuates prion protein-mediated neuronal cell damage
Authors: Hong Jeong-Min , Moon Ji-Hong , Park Sang-Youel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Prion diseases are a group of unvaryingly fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by neuronal cell death. Calcineurin and autophagy mediate prion-induced neurodegeneration, suggesting that inhibition of calcineurin and autophagy could be a target for therapy. Baicalein has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects against calcium-dependent neuronal cell death. Results: In the present study, we investigated whether baicalein attenuates prion peptide-mediated neurotoxicity and reduces calcineurin. We found that baicalein treatment inhibits prion protein-induced apoptosis. Baicalein inhibited calcium up-regulation and protected the cells against prion peptide‑induced neuron cell death by calcineurin inactivation. Furthermore, baicalein increased p62 protein levels and decrease LC3-II protein levels indicating autophagic flux inhibition and baicalein inhibited prion protein-induced neurotoxicity through autophagy flux inhibition. Conclusions: Taken together, this study demonstrated that baicalein attenuated prion peptide-induced neurotoxicity via calcineurin inactivation and autophagic flux reduction, and also suggest that baicalein may be an effective therapeutic drug against neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases.
DRGs-based health system performance for breast cancer patients
Authors: Liu Xinkui , Liu Furong , Wang Lin , Wu MengFan , Yang LinPeng , Wei Le 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate health system performance for patients with breast cancer in Henan Province, China, using Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) indicators and provide data to inform practices and policies for the prevention and control of breast cancer. Methods: The data were collected from the front pages of the medical records (FPMR) of all hospitals above class II that admitted breast cancer patients in Henan Province between 2016 and 2019. Breast cancer patients were the subjects in our study. China DRGs (CN-DRGs) were used as a risk adjustment tool. Three indicators, including the Case-Mix Index (CMI), number of DRGs, and total weight, were used to evaluate the range of available services for patients with breast cancer, while indicators including the Charge Efficiency Index (CEI), Time Efficiency Index (TEI) and inpatient mortality of low-risk group cases (IMLRG) were used to evaluate the medical service efficiency and medical safety. Results: Between 2016 and 2019, there were 103,760 cases of patients with breast cancer. The number of enrolled patients and total weight increased over the study period at an average annual rate of 21.38% and 21.88%, respectively. The TEI decreased over the study period by 15.60%. The CEI exhibited an increasing trend, but the average annual rate of increase was small (2.94%). The IMLRP was 0.02%, 0%, 0% and 0.01% in 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Conclusion: The health system performance improved between 2016 and 2019 for breast cancer patients discharged from the study hospitals in Henan Province. The main areas of improvement were in the range of available services, but medical institutions must still make efforts to improve the efficiency of medical services and ensure medical safety. DRGs are an effective evaluation tool.
Evaluation of Lumbar Stiffness after Long-Level Fusion for Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis in Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Xinling , Yuan Lei , Zeng Yan , Chen Zhongqiang , Li Weishi , Sun Chuiguo , Zhong Woquan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Study Design: a retrospective study.Summary of Background Data: Long-level spinal instrumented fusion for DLS by intention eliminated spinal motion in an attempt to alleviate pain, improve deformity, and reduce disability. However, this surgery considerably impaired performance of activities of daily living (ADL) due to the resulting stiffness. The lumbar stiffness disability index (LSDI) was a validated measure of the effect of lumbar stiffness on functional activity, however, which might not be fully applicable to elderly Chinese population because of their several special lifestyles.Objective: To evaluate the lumbar stiffness in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) after long-level fusion by Chinese-LSDI (C-LSDI).Methods: 129 DLS patients underwent long-level (≧4 levels) fusion surgery with at least one-year follow-up were included. The C-LSDI was designed by modifying LSDI and Korean-LSDI (K-LSDI) considering elderly Chinese lifestyles, and the patient-reported outcome questionnaire measuring the impact of lumbar stiffness on functional abilities in elderly Chinese with DLS was assessed for internal consistency and retest repeatability.Results: All patients showed increased lumbar stiffness with significantly improvement in pain and deformity postoperatively, and for items of performing personal hygiene after toileting and getting out of a car, people performed more inconvenient with increasing fixed levels. Compared with LSDI and K-LSDI, the C-LSDI demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.902) and retest reliability (ICC=0.904) in the elderly Chinese population. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the C-LSDI questionnaire was a reliable and valid instrument for assessing functional limitations due to lumbar stiffness among elderly Chinese patients with DLS after long-level fusion. Although the effects of stiffness did trend toward greater impacts among patients underwent longer fusions, most patients were satisfied with trade-offs of function and pain relief in exchange for perceived increases in lumbar stiffness.
The Decision Not to Resuscitate Order for Terminally Ill Pediatric Patients and Ethics as a Predictor from Undergraduate Students’ Perspective
Authors: abuhammad sawsan , Mufleh Suhiab , Alzoubi Karem H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Nurses and Doctor of Pharmacy (PhrmD) must communicate and properly documented the do not resuscitate orders for terminally ill children and their relatives. They also have to offer excellent care including more family support, assisting the child with terminally ill disease in passing on peacefully, and preventing unnecessary cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This research was aimed to survey attitudes of nursing and pharmD undergraduate students about the “do not resuscitate” order for children with terminally ill diseases.Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was used. More than 400 nursing and pharmD students were recruited in this study. All the participating students were e-mailed information regarding the study, including the web survey link.Results: Approximately, 60% of the nursing and phrmD students would disclose the need for the do not resuscitate order for children with terminally ill diseases. The results showed that there was a significant difference in perception toward do not resuscitate order between nursing and pharmD students. The pharmD students had more positive attitude toward do not resuscitate than the nursing students. Demographic variables were not associated with the perception toward do not resuscitate orders. Conclusion: This study showed that Jordanian nursing and pharmD students are willing to learn more about different aspects of do not resuscitate orders for terminally ill children. Analyzing their responses to many items showed their misconception about do not resuscitate orders for terminally ill children.