bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pioglitazone for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Patients with or at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yue , Huang Yajing , Ji Xiaoyun , Wang Xiang , Shen Liyan , Wang Yangang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractContextThe goal of the meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and renal adverse events in patients with or at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing pioglitazone with any control were identified through PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Cardiovascular outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs, defined as the composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death), hospitalization for heart failure, and all-cause mortality. Renal outcomes included change in urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and 24-hour urinary protein excretion. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled.ResultsA total of 26 studies with 19 645 participants were enrolled. Pioglitazone reduced the risk of MACE (RR, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.7–0.9]), with benefit only seen in patients with a history of established CVDs (0.8 [0.7–0.9]) and not in those without (1.0 [0.7–1.3]). Regarding the individual components, pioglitazone reduced the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction (0.8 [0.6–1.0]) and nonfatal stroke (0.8 [0.7–0.9]), which was confined to patients with a history of established CVDs, whereas no treatment effect was found on cardiovascular death (1.0 [0.7–1.2]) regardless of the presence of established CVDs. Pioglitazone increased the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (1.3 [1.1–1.6]) and had no treatment effect on all-cause mortality (1.0 [0.8–1.1]). Pioglitazone reduced albuminuria by 18.5% (WMD 18.5% [95% CI, 21.1-16.0]), with a similar benefit in patients with different renal function categories.ConclusionsPioglitazone should be considered in patients with or at high risk of T2DM for the prevention of cardiovascular endpoints, especially in those with a history of established CVD who might benefit the most. Robust reductions in progression of renal disease are seen regardless of baseline renal function degree.
Role of the Thyroid Gland in Expression of the Thyroid Phenotype of Sbp2-Deficient Mice
Authors: Fujisawa Haruki , Korwutthikulrangsri Manassawee , Fu Jiao , Liao Xiao-Hui , Dumitrescu Alexandra M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Selenocysteine insertion sequence-binding protein 2, SBP2 (SECISBP2), is required for selenoprotein synthesis. Partial SBP2 deficiency syndrome manifests characteristic thyroid function tests. The Sbp2 deficiency mouse model, Sbp2 inducible conditional knockout (iCKO), replicates this thyroid phenotype and was used for pathophysiologic investigations. As selenoproteins have an antioxidative role in thyroid gland function, their deficiencies have potential to affect thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis. Sbp2 iCKO mice had larger thyroids relative to body weight and increased thyroidal thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) content while 5' deiodinases enzymatic activities were decreased. Possible mechanisms for the discrepancy between the increased thyroidal T3 and normal circulating T3 were investigated in dynamic experiments. Treatment with bovine thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) resulted in increased delta T4 in Sbp2 iCKO mice, indicating increased availability of preformed thyroidal TH. Next, the recovery of TH levels was evaluated after withdrawal of chemical suppression. At one day, Sbp2 iCKO mice had higher serum and thyroidal T3 concomitant with lower TSH, confirming increased capacity of TH synthesis in Sbp2 deficiency. Decreased TH secretion was ruled out as serum and thyroidal TH were high in Sbp2 iCKO mice. Treatment with a low-iodine diet also ruled out thyroidal secretion defect as both serum levels and thyroidal TH content similarly declined over time in Sbp2-deficient mice compared to wild-type (Wt) mice.
This study provides evidence for unsuspected changes in the thyroid gland that contribute to the thyroid phenotype of Sbp2 deficiency, with increased thyroidal T4 and T3 content in the setting of increased TH synthesis capacity contributing to the circulating TH levels while thyroidal secretion is preserved.
Ultrasound-Activated Nanomaterials for Therapeutics
Authors: Paris Juan L , Vallet-Regí María 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Ultrasound has attracted much attention in recent years as an external stimulus capable of activating different types of nanomaterials for therapeutic application. One of the characteristics that makes ultrasound an especially appealing triggering stimulus for nanomedicine is its capacity to be non-invasively applied in a focused manner at deep regions of the body. Combining ultrasound with nanoparticles, different biological effects can be achieved. In this work, an overview of the four main types of inducible responses will be provided: inducing drug release, producing ultrasound-derived biological effects, modifying nanoparticle biodistribution and developing theranostic agents. Several examples of each one of these applications are presented here to illustrate the key concepts underlying recent developments in the discipline.
The Effects of Concurrent Resistance and Aerobic Exercise Training on Functional Status in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Grazioli Elisa , Tranchita Eliana , Borriello Giovanna , Cerulli Claudia , Minganti Carlo , Parisi Attilio 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Loss of balance and walking ability are two of the primary impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS), which leads to loss of autonomy, increased fatigue perception, and disease severity in patients. Physical activity has been shown to ameliorate MS functional impairments, but there is limited evidence of synergistic efficacy of exercise training interventions that have both a resistance and aerobic focus in these patients. We evaluated the effect of a 12-wk combined training intervention (resistance and aerobic exercise) on balance, walking ability, fatigue perception, quality of life, and severity of disease in patients with MS. The combined training was well tolerated by the patients and improved the quality of life of the patients as also reflected in the improvement in walking and balance ability as well as reduced depression, fatigue, and severity of disease. The results of this study confirm the beneficial effects of physical activity in patients with MS and support the use of a combination of resistance and aerobic exercise training to achieve functional and psychological therapeutic outcomes.
Unexpected Hurdle in the Race: Hypophosphatasia Unmasked by the Female Athlete Triad
Authors: Fink Dorothy A. , Pasculli Rosa M. , Wright Alana , Katz Karin , Agrawal Nidhi , Turner Ryan , Cardone Dennis A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hypophosphatasia should be considered for any patient who presents with multiple metatarsal stress fractures and a low alkaline phosphatase.
The FLASH effect depends on oxygen concentration
Authors: Adrian Gabriel , Konradsson Elise , Lempart Michael , Bäck Sven , Ceberg Crister , Petersson Kristoffer 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Recent in vivo results have shown prominent tissue sparing effect of radiotherapy with ultra-high dose rates (FLASH) compared to conventional dose rates (CONV). Oxygen depletion has been proposed as the underlying mechanism, but in vitro data to support this have been lacking. The aim of the current study was to compare FLASH to CONV irradiation under different oxygen concentrations in vitro.

Methods:
Prostate cancer cells were irradiated at different oxygen concentrations (relative partial pressure ranging between 1.6 and 20%) with a 10 MeV electron beam at a dose rate of either 600 Gy/s (FLASH) or 14 Gy/min (CONV), using a modified clinical linear accelerator. We evaluated the surviving fraction of cells using clonogenic assays after irradiation with doses ranging from 0 to 25 Gy.

Results:
Under normoxic conditions, no differences between FLASH and CONV irradiation were found. For hypoxic cells (1.6%), the radiation response was similar up to a dose of about 5–10 Gy, above which increased survival was shown for FLASH compared to CONV irradiation. The increased survival was shown to be significant at 18 Gy, and the effect was shown to depend on oxygen concentration.

Conclusion:
The in vitro FLASH effect depends on oxygen concentration. Further studies to characterize and optimize the use of FLASH in order to widen the therapeutic window are indicated.

Advances in knowledge:
This paper shows in vitro evidence for the role of oxygen concentration underlying the difference between FLASH and CONV irradiation.
Dor crônica e nível de atividade física em usuários das unidades básicas de saúde
Authors: Souza Daniele Fernandes da Silva de , Häfele Vítor , Siqueira Fernando Vinholes 
Published: December 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a prevalência de dor crônica dos usuários das unidades básicas de saúde da zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, e verificar o nível de atividade física e os fatores associados à dor crônica. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com amostra de 540 adultos com 18 anos ou mais, usuários de 36 unidades básicas de saúde. Considerou-se dor crônica aos que relataram o tempo referido de algum tipo dor de três meses ou mais. Foram estimadas razões de prevalência ajustada por meio da regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta. A prevalência de dor crônica entre os usuários foi de 41,5% (IC95%: 37,4 – 45,7). Na análise ajustada, as mulheres tiveram 50% maior probabilidade ao desfecho em relação aos homens; indivíduos de 40-59 anos e 60-90 anos, tiveram maior probabilidade de 44% e 61%, respectivamente, do que os de 18-39 anos; aqueles que perceberam sua saúde negativamente, tiveram 5,4 vezes mais probabilidade ao desfecho; utilizar três ou mais medicamentos aumentou 43% a probabilidade ao desfecho e; sujeitos que praticavam atividade física de lazer tiveram menor probabilidade de apresentar dor crônica. Conclui-se que, a prevalência de dor crônica em usuários de unidades básicas de saúde foi elevada (41,5%), sendo que a atividade física de lazer foi fator de proteção para o surgimento de dor crônica. Contudo, para o tratamento da dor crônica nas unidades básicas de saúde, a prática de atividade física torna-se de fundamental importância.
O racismo na/da política proibicionista brasileira: redução de danos como antídoto antirracista
Authors: Rosa Lucia Cristina dos Santos , Guimarães Thaís De Andrade Alves 
Published: December 2019

Neste ensaio, objetiva-se analisar o racismo constitutivo na e da política proibicionista brasileira sobre drogas, apresentando os elementos que a configuram como uma política racializada e interseccionada. Na perspectiva de enfrentamento desse quadro, é apresentada a redução de danos como antídoto antirracista. Palavras-Chave: proibicionismo; redução de danos; políticas de drogas; racismo; antirracismo.
Mulheres negras, sofrimento e cuidado colonial
Authors: Passos Rachel Gouveia 
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo suscitar o debate acerca do suposto “cuidado” social que vem sendo propagado através de ações estatais, tendo como justificativa a proteção de indivíduos vulneráveis. O Estado que alega proteger acaba promovendo violações que reafirmam a punição e o extermínio dos corpos e comportamentos negros. É nesse processo que pretendemos abordar sobre o cuidado colonial que reatualiza a captura da existência negra através dos discursos e práticas colonialistas. Além disso, abordaremos sobre a lógica manicomial e o extermínio da existência negra, entendendo-a como uma estratégia que se perpetua para além dos muros institucionais e que compõe a sociabilidade brasileira. Palavras-Chave: mulheres negras; cuidado colonial; sofrimento; racismo.
Spatial poetics, place, non-place and storyworlds: Intimate spaces for metaverse avatars
Authors: Ayiter Elif 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article will ask questions that connect the conceptions of Marc Augé's 'place/non-place' and Gaston Bachelard's 'poetic space' to the avatar of real-time, perpetual, online, three-dimensional virtual builder's worlds, also known as the metaverse. Are metaverses 'places' or 'non-places'? Do we actually live in the metaverse or do we just traverse these worlds very much in the sense that Marc Augé defines them as transitional loci that are assigned only to circumscribed and specific positions? The question following from this is whether there are nevertheless three-dimensionally embodied virtual spaces that go beyond being transitional 'non-places' to locations in which an imaginative relationship to architecture in the sense in which Bachelard describes them in his seminal work or that correspond to Marc Augé's definition of 'place' exist.
La Antigüedad clásica se recibe en las escuelas. República, valores cívicos y nacionalismo en los manuales de escuela media argentina (1920-1955)
Authors: Dell' Elicine Eleonora 
Published: December 2019

En Argentina entre 1920 y 1955, el crecimiento sistemático de corrientes de derecha fuertemente vinculadas a la iglesia y al ejército se enmarcó y fue a su vez potenciado por la crisis del 29 y del modelo único agroexportador. En este contexto, los discursos nacionalistas y antiimperialistas cobraron fuerza inédita, encontrando canales de expresión fundamentalmente en la prensa y revistas de circulación periódica. Por diferentes razones que exploraremos a lo largo del artículo, las líneas de antagonismo que caracterizaban el debate político no acusaron una repercusión lineal en los discursos pedagógicos. Este registro flexible permitió que las sociedades antiguas constituyeran objeto de interés para un público amplio y no profesionalizado en los estudios históricos. En la actualidad, la concurrencia de un discurso nacionalista y de un discurso que ensalza lo inmediato pone en crisis seria la significatividad de estos estudios.
La Antigüedad vista por dos escritores anticlericales: Carmen de Burgos y Vicente Blasco Ibáñez
Authors: Romero Recio Mirella 
Published: December 2019

Los escritores Carmen de Burgos y Vicente Blasco Ibáñez compartieron amistad, ideales y una admiración por el mundo Antiguo que quedó plasmada en su vida y en sus obras. Como tratará de mostrar este artículo, su fascinación por la Antigüedad condujo a ambos a alabar la alegría y la belleza pagana frente al fanatismo y la intransigencia cristiana. L os relatos de sus respectivos viajes a Italia dieron buena muestra de ello, aunque también lo hicieron algunas de sus obras literarias. En el caso de Blasco Ibáñez, destaca, además, su deseo de rodearse de una decoración ambientada en la Antigüedad en la casa que se hizo construir en la Malvarrosa (Valencia), donde podía contemplar el mar desde una terraza con pinturas de estilo griego y pompeyano. El artículo analiza las fotografías que la Fundación Vicente Blasco Ibáñez conserva de este espacio y donde ha sido posible identificar, en el techo, una copia del cuadro del centro de la pared sur del triclinio de la Casa de los Vetios que representa el suplicio de Dirce.
Como en las cavernas. Primitivismo y progreso en los cuentos de épocas pasadas de Emilia Pardo Bazán
Authors: Mora Rodríguez Gloria 
Published: December 2019

Entre 1880 y 1921, Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851-1921) publicó más de medio millar de cuentos y narraciones cortas en periódicos y revistas ilustradas de gran difusión en España e Hispanoamérica como El Imparcial, La Esfera, La Ilustración Artística, La España Moderna, La Ilustración Española y Americana, Blanco y Negro, etc. Algunos de estos cuentos se basaban en personajes y episodios de la Antigüedad, demostrando ser buena conocedora de las fuentes grecolatinas y bíblicas, pero me centraré en dos «cuentos prehistóricos» escritos en 1907 y 1912 (con antecedentes en algunos artículos en la prensa de los años 90), que tienen un doble interés: por un lado, presentar los avances y novedades de la investigación en la nueva y polémica ciencia de la Prehistoria, al tiempo que la autora aprovecha la confrontación barbarie-civilización de los estudios sobre la evolución humana para denunciar los problemas de la mujer en la sociedad contemporánea.
FANATISME PENGGEMAR KPOP DALAM BERMEDIA SOSIAL DI INSTAGRAM
Authors: Rinata Asfira Rachmad , Dewi Sulih Indra 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Korean wave has become a big phenomenon in Indonesia, enthusiasm and passion for K-pop culture has led to fanaticism for fans. The distribution of K-pop content on social media such as Instagram gives fans space to participate in supporting their idols and this is one of the factors forming the fanaticism of k-pop fans. This study aims to determine the fanaticism of kpop fans in social media on Instagram as well as how kpop fans respond in responding to hoax and negative information from favorite idols. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and data collection techniques used are interviews, and literature study. The selection of informants used a purposive sampling technique. The results showed the fact that fanaticism fans in social media on Instagram evaluated through fan activities such as Meaning Making, Meaning Sharing such as interpreting K-pop idol posts as motivation in research, making posts amazed and happy for K-pop idols . Poaching by following fansite accounts and making fanfiction and making videos. Collecting such as uploading pictures about the official kpop merchandise needed and knowledge building with fellow fans. Fanaticism, kpop fans, also through fan responses, asking for information, hoaxes and negatives from their idols responded with many variations such as annoyance, anger until heartache. And to seek clarification of the truth of the news that is by looking at reliable sources such as the official Instagram account K-pop idol, official Instagram account management artist to the Korean major media such as Soompi, Allkpop, and press realease provided by artist management
Cognitive Aspects of Relative Clause Production In Oral and Written Narratives
Authors: Pu Ming-Ming 
Published: December 2019

The present study aims to investigate relative clause production in Chinese and English from a cognitivefunction approach that explores underlying cognitive, semantic, and discourse-pragmatic factors operative in discourse processing. With this approach we are able to account for both general and specific distributional patterns of RCs between the two languages on the one hand and between speech and writing on the other, using narrative data elicited from native speakers of both languages.
Modelling and Analysis of PV-Based Shunt Active Filter with BESS and Conservative Power Theory for Enhancing Power Quality
Authors: Ramalingam Gomathi , Choudhary Ajay Kumar , Mikkili Suresh 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Power Quality has always been a major concern ever since the increase in the usage of many power electronic loads such as Personal Computers (PCs), TVs, variable frequency drives in nearly every household. These loads are a major source of harmonics into the distribution system. Unbalanced Three-phase loads or different single-phase loads result in unbalance in the three-phase voltages and currents in the grid. Equipment damage, Loss of data, nuisance tripping, overheating of wires, relay tripping are few of the major issues caused due to power quality. Also, there is an increase in the awareness about the various power quality issues as well as its ill-effects amongst the consumers. Hence, it is essential to improve the quality of the power supplied.
Active and Passive filters play a huge role in the mitigation of power quality issues. In recent years, usage of active filters has increased because tuning is possible for various harmonic elimination and active filters when combined with a storage system can provide active as well as reactive power compensation. The fast depletion of non-renewable sources of energy and its effect on the environment has shifted the focus on the usage of non-renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, etc for the production of electricity.
In this research work, solar energy is combined with shunt active filter for the mitigation of various power quality issues occurring in a grid-connected non-linear and unbalanced three-phase load. The active power filter will provide reactive power compensation to the non-linear load and active power delivery for unbalanced loads such the grid current and voltage will remain balanced and the stress on the grid is reduced while meeting the load demand. A battery system is also integrated to store the excess energy that may be generated by the Photo-Voltaic(PV) array and acts as a source of energy when PV array output is low or nil. Conservative Power Theory is used for controlling the power injection into the system by the Voltage Source Converter(VSC). The proposed system is verified using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Power Quality Enhancement Using Lyapunov Based Voltage Source Inverter for the Grid Integrated Renewable Energy System
Authors: R Vinifa , A Kavitha , A Immanuel Selwynraj 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The evolution of high performance power electronic converters makes a feasible way to integrate the Renewable Energy System (RES) to the grid. High performance in terms of stability, good transient and steady state response, load variations is achieved in this work using Current Controlled Voltage Source Inverters (CCVSI) by deriving the control law using Lyapunov function at the expense of a time varying reference current. In this work, a single phase equivalent circuit is represented for the three phase grid connected renewable energy system, and mathematical modeling is developed to design the controller. Analysis using Lyapunov based controller is carried out to ensure the real and reactive power flow from the renewable energy system to the grid connected with the non linear load. The reference current for the controller is generated using the Symmetrical Component theory. This theory requires no transformation and desired source power factor can be achieved. To exhibit the efficacy of the Lyapunov controller, the simulation is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink environment. It is observed that the desired power factor is obtained and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is within the IEEE limits in the grid side. The performance of the system is validated experimentally and the results are compared with the conventional hysteresis controller for the same application.
Evaluation of non-Newtonian Viscosities of Liquid Foods in Swallowing Process Using Inclined Flow Channel Instrument
Authors: Yoshida Masanori , Tsuruta Yuko , Takako Yuichiro , Kudo Ayaka , Fujiwara Ryosuke 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To evaluate the non-Newtonian viscosities of liquid foods thickened for assistance of swallowing in nursing-care practice, an inclined flow channel instrument was investigated for development into a structurally simple and easy-to-use viscometer. Experimental analysis of the flows of Newtonian and non-Newtonian test liquids in the instrument derived a dimensionless relation expressing changes of the friction coefficient in the flow process which was indicated by the relative flow length, considering the shear rate level in the swallowing process. A methodology to evaluate uniquely the viscosities of liquid foods undergoing the swallowing process was presented using the measurements such as the flow length and velocity in the instrument.