bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of ion acoustic solitary waves in pulsar wind
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Kakad Amar , Kakad Bharati , Saini Nareshpal Singh 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
We have studied the evolution of ion acoustic solitary waves (IASWs) in pulsar wind. The pulsar wind is modelled by considering a weakly relativistic unmagnetized collisionless plasma comprised of relativistic ions and superthermal electrons and positrons. Through fluid simulations, we have demonstrated that the localized ion density perturbations generated in the polar wind plasma can evolve the relativistic IASW pulses. It is found that the concentration of positrons, relativistic factor, superthermality of electrons, and positrons have a significant influence on the dynamical evolution of IASW pulses. Our results may provide insight to understand the evolution of IASW pulses and their role in astrophysical plasmas, especially in the relativistic pulsar winds with supernova outflow, which is responsible for the production of superthermal particles and relativistic ions.
Tidally induced stellar oscillations: converting modelled oscillations excited by hot Jupiters into observables
Authors: Bunting Andrew , Terquem Caroline 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
We calculate the conversion from non-adiabatic, non-radial oscillations tidally induced by a hot Jupiter on a star to observable spectroscopic and photometric signals. Models with both frozen convection and an approximation for a perturbation to the convective flux are discussed. Observables are calculated for some real planetary systems to give specific predictions. The photometric signal is predicted to be proportional to the inverse square of the orbital period, P−2, as in the equilibrium tide approximation. However, the radial velocity signal is predicted to be proportional to P−1, and is therefore much larger at long orbital periods than the signal corresponding to the equilibrium tide approximation, which is proportional to P−3. The prospects for detecting these oscillations and the implications for the detection and characterization of planets are discussed.
Revisiting migration in a disc cavity to explain the high eccentricities of warm Jupiters
Authors: Debras Florian , Baruteau Clément , Donati Jean-François 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
The distribution of eccentricities of warm giant exoplanets is commonly explained through planet–planet interactions, although no physically sound argument favours the ubiquity of such interactions. No simple, generic explanation has been put forward to explain the high mean eccentricity of these planets. In this paper, we revisit a simple, plausible explanation to account for the eccentricities of warm Jupiters: migration inside a cavity in the protoplanetary disc. Such a scenario allows to excite the outer eccentric resonances, a working mechanism for higher mass planets, leading to a growth in the eccentricity while preventing other, closer resonances to damp eccentricity. We test this idea with diverse numerical simulations, which show that the eccentricity of a Jupiter-mass planet around a Sun-like star can increase up to ∼0.4, a value never reached before with solely planet–disc interactions. This high eccentricity is comparable to, if not larger than, the median eccentricity of warm Saturn- to Jupiter-mass exoplanets. We also discuss the effects such a mechanism would have on exoplanet observations. This scenario could have strong consequences on the disc lifetime and the physics of inner disc dispersal, which could be constrained by the eccentricity distribution of gas giants.
HERB: a high-throughput experiment- and reference-guided database of traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Fang ShuangSang , Dong Lei , Liu Liu , Guo JinCheng , Zhao LianHe , Zhang JiaYuan , Bu DeChao , Liu XinKui , Huo PeiPei , Cao WanChen , Dong QiongYe , Wu JiaRui , Zeng Xiaoxi , Wu Yang , Zhao Yi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPharmacotranscriptomics has become a powerful approach for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of drugs and discovering new drug targets. Recently, studies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have increasingly turned to high-throughput transcriptomic screens for molecular effects of herbs/ingredients. And numerous studies have examined gene targets for herbs/ingredients, and link herbs/ingredients to various modern diseases. However, there is currently no systematic database organizing these data for TCM. Therefore, we built HERB, a high-throughput experiment- and reference-guided database of TCM, with its Chinese name as BenCaoZuJian. We re-analyzed 6164 gene expression profiles from 1037 high-throughput experiments evaluating TCM herbs/ingredients, and generated connections between TCM herbs/ingredients and 2837 modern drugs by mapping the comprehensive pharmacotranscriptomics dataset in HERB to CMap, the largest such dataset for modern drugs. Moreover, we manually curated 1241 gene targets and 494 modern diseases for 473 herbs/ingredients from 1966 references published recently, and cross-referenced this novel information to databases containing such data for drugs. Together with database mining and statistical inference, we linked 12 933 targets and 28 212 diseases to 7263 herbs and 49 258 ingredients and provided six pairwise relationships among them in HERB. In summary, HERB will intensively support the modernization of TCM and guide rational modern drug discovery efforts. And it is accessible through http://herb.ac.cn/.
Corporate Liability Design for Human Rights Abuses: Individual and Entity Liability for Due Diligence
Authors: Friedman Nick 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this article, I critically review the economic theory of corporate liability design, focusing on the allocation of liability between a corporation and its individual human agents. I apply this theory to transnational commercial contexts where human rights abuses occur and assess the likely efficacy of some putative liability regimes, including regimes requiring corporations to undertake human rights due diligence throughout their global supply chains. I advance a set of general considerations justifying the efficacy of due diligence in relation to alternative liability regimes. I argue, however, that due diligence regimes will likely under-deter severe human rights abuses unless they are supported by substantial entity-level sanctions and, in at least some cases, by supplementary liability for individual executives. The analysis has significant policy implications for current national and international efforts to enforce human rights norms against corporations.
What Would You Do with $500? Spending Responses to Gains, Losses, News, and Loans
Authors: Fuster Andreas , Kaplan Greg , Zafar Basit 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We use survey questions about spending in hypothetical scenarios to investigate features of propensities to consume that are useful for distinguishing between consumption theories. We find that (1) responses to unanticipated gains are vastly heterogeneous (either zero or substantially positive); (2) responses increase in the size of the gain, driven by the extensive margin of spending adjustments; (3) responses to losses are much larger and more widespread than responses to gains; and (4) even those with large responses to gains do not respond to news about future gains. These four findings suggest that limited access to disposable resources, and frictions in adjusting consumption, are important determinants of consumption behaviour. We also find that (5) households do not respond to the offer of a one-year interest-free loan, suggesting that this is not a consequence of short-term credit constraints; and (6) people do cut spending in response to news about future losses, suggesting that neither is this a consequence of myopia. A calibrated precautionary savings model with utility costs of changing consumption, and a sufficient fraction of low-wealth households, can account for these features of propensities to consume on both the extensive and intensive margins.
The Role of Internal M&A Teams in Takeovers
Authors: Aktas Nihat , Boone Audra , Witkowski Alexander , Xu Guosong , Yurtoglu Burcin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article provides insights into the inner workings of internal corporate M&A teams using survey evidence from sixty-five firms from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. We find that internal teams create value, especially relative to external advisors, by directing transaction rationales, screening targets, and employing performance metrics to assess post-merger success. Teams emphasizing economic rationales as a merger motive are associated with higher returns than those teams more apt to consider behavioral motives. We consider several team characteristics and find that financial experience is the most persistent and significant attribute in explaining the outcomes across various deal stages. Another key result from our survey-based evidence is that latent M&A team factors explain ∼54% of the acquirer fixed effects in announcement return regressions.
A novel computer navigation model guided unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty for vertebral compression fracture
Authors: Xu Hao-Tian , Zheng Shuang , Kang Ming-Yang , Yu Tong , Zhao Jian-Wu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rational:
Vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is one of the most common diseases in spinal surgery. Traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) under fluoroscopy is an effective method to treat vertebral compression fracture. However, there is still a risk of vascular nerve injury and infection caused by inaccurate or repeated puncture. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to assess the accuracy of unilateral PVP guided by screw view model of navigation (SVMN) for VCF.

Patient concerns:
A 59-year-old female patient suffered high falling injury, and with back pain as its main clinical symptom.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with a L1 VCF.

Interventions:
We placed the puncture needle under the guidance of SVMN to reach the ideal position designed before operation, and then injected the bone cement to complete the percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).

Outcomes:
The operative time was 29.5 minutes, the puncture time was 1 time, the fluoroscopy time was 2.9 minutes, and the bone cement distribution was satisfactory. VAS and ODI scores were significant improved postoperatively. No surgical complications, including neurovascular injury and infection, were observed during 28-month follow up.

Lessons:
The SVMN guided percutaneous puncture needle insertion in PKP operation for VCF is an effective and safety technique. Besides, the SVMN has also been a contributor to reduce radiation doses and replace conventional fluoroscopy.
Receptor for advanced glycation end-product rs1800624 polymorphism contributes to increase breast cancer risk
Authors: Zhang Wei , Deng Xiaowei , Tang Ruijun , Wang Hong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Although several studies have identified an association between the receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) rs1800624 polymorphism and breast cancer, the results have been conflicting. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between the RAGE rs1800624 polymorphism and breast cancer risk.

Methods:
Studies were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang Med Online, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases until September 20, 2019 to identify all potential literature on this association. Fixed-effect or random-effect models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses and tests for publication bias were also performed.

Results:
Five eligible studies involving 2823 subjects (1410 patients and 1413 healthy controls) were included in the current meta-analysis. The pooled analysis indicated a positive correlation between the RAGE rs1800624 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a homozygous genetic model (OR = 1.423, 95% CI = 1.043–1.941, P = .026). Ethnicity-based subgroup analysis demonstrated that RAGE rs1800624 polymorphism may increase the risk of breast cancer in the Asian population in homozygous model (OR = 1.661, 95% CI = 1.178–2.342, P = .004).

Conclusion:
The RAGE rs1800624 polymorphism may increase the risk of breast cancer in the homozygous genetic model, especially in Asian populations. Large-scale and well-designed studies are needed in different populations to further evaluate the role of the RAGE polymorphism in breast cancer.
Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome with P453T mutation in thyroid hormone receptor β gene
Authors: Yusufu Ayiguli , Chen Wen-Jing , Zhang Ming-Chen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (THRS) is an inherited condition characterized by reduced responsiveness of target tissues to thyroid hormone. Due to their nonspecific symptomatic manifestations, these patients can be misdiagnosed. This study reports a pedigree with THRS caused by a mutation in the thyroid hormone receptor β (THRβ) gene.

Patient concern:
The proband, a 36-year-old woman at 19+4 weeks of gestation, was referred to our hospital because of abnormal thyroid function results. She was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism in October 2015, and had been treated with methimazole until her pregnancy.

Diagnosis:
The proband and 2 of her children were diagnosed with THRS based on genetic analysis. Sequence analysis of the THRβ gene showed a heterozygous mutation C>A located at exon 10. The mutation results in a change in proline for threonine at amino acid position 453, P453T.

Interventions:
No treatment will fully and specifically correct the defect. All 3 patients were in normal metabolic status, and thus treatment was not required.

Outcomes:
During a 2-year follow-up period, none of them had any complaints. The 20-year-old son (167 cm in height) and the 18-year-old daughter (150 cm in height) both had low academic performance.

Lessons:
Elevated serum thyroid hormone (TH) levels associated with nonsuppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels usually leads to the diagnosis of THRS. Genetic analysis provides a short cut to diagnosis and the treatment should be based on the patient's clinical manifestations.
A retrospective controlled study protocol of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion compared with posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spondylolisthesis
Authors: Yi Ping , Tang Xiangsheng , Yang Feng , Tan Mingsheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
In the current literature, for adult lumbar spondylolisthesis, the direct comparison of clinical outcomes and perioperative complications between transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is limited. Whether the therapeutic effect of TLIF is better than that of PLIF is still controversial. In this retrospective controlled study, our aim was to compare their clinical outcomes and radiological results of the above two stabilization approaches after 1-year follow-up period.

Methods:
This investigation was approved via the Institutional Review committee of China-Japan friendship hospital. This was a retrospective single-center analysis of subjects. We reviewed the patients with spondylolisthesis treated with TLIF or PLIF between July 2016 and February 2019 in our hospital. Patients with these conditions will be included: with the radiological evidence of degenerative lumbar spondylolismia with leg pain and/or low back pain, or the neurogenic claudication after failure of conventional conservative treatment for more than 6 months. The patients who received 3 levels or more intervertebral fusion levels were excluded. Patients without a completed medical history were excluded. Patients who had a history of lumbar spine surgery were also excluded. Clinical outcomes in our follow-up included functional outcomes, complications, and radiographic such as spondylolisthesis degree. The radiographs were obtained at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months during the outpatient follow-up.

Results:
This protocol will provide a solid theoretical basis for exploring which technique is better in treatment of spondylolisthesis.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (number: researchregistry6032).
Clinical features and prognosis of duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Liu Chunshui , Wang Cong , Du Zhonghua , Xue Hongwei , Liu Zhihe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study was to investigate clinical features and prognosis of duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-DPMNs). Clinical data of thirteen CML-DPMN patients who were admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from May 2008 to December 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Female patients (9/13) were predominant in this cohort study. Nine patients were metachronous DPMNs (metachronous duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia) with 5 years median interval time from primary malignancy to secondary malignancy. The other 4 patients were diagnosed as synchronous CML-DPMNs. Seven of the metachronous duplex primary malignant neoplasms involving chronic myeloid leukemia suffered from CML following many years of comprehensive anti-cancer therapy. Two of CML-MDPMN patients had invasive ductal carcinoma of breast after many years of treatment with imatinib. There was no difference between treatment-related CML group and non-treatment-related CML group in regard as the gender, age, white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, platelet count, and risk level. The median overall survival time of these thirteen patients with CML-DPMNs was not reached. In conclusion, female patients are more likely to suffer from the CML-DPMNs in the present article. Overall survival time of patients with DPMNs involving CML could be promising if timely and effective treatment therapy is adopted.
Efficacy and safety of Sangbaipi Decoction in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Li Jiazhou , Jiang Junlin , Jing Chunxiang , Zheng Wenjiang , Pan Huashan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Chinese medicine Sangbaipi decoction is extensively applied to the therapy of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in China. However, owing to the low quality, small sample size, and methodological heterogeneity of these studies, this conclusion is not convincing. Consequently, it is necessary to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Sangbaipi Decoction in the treatment of AECOPD patients, and provide high-quality evidence for its clinical application.

Methods:
We will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) for reporting the results of the review in this study. We will utilize the Review Manage software V5.3.0 (The Nordic Cochrane Center, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark) to assess the risk of bias and visualize the results. We will use Stata software (version 15.0, StataCorp, College Station, TX) to perform the meta-analysis.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol of Sangbaipi decoction on AECOPD, participants were not recruited and data were not collected from participants, so ethical ratification is not required.

Results:
This study will provide high-quality synthesis of the effectiveness and safety of Sangbaipi decoction for AECOPD. Upon completion, the results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
The efficacy and safety assessment of Sangbaipi decoction for AECOPD will be supported by this protocol.

Registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42019138405.
Mediastinal desmoplastic small round cell tumor
Authors: Jin Dacheng , Chen Meng , Wang Bing , Gou Yunjiu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare distinct tumor with a high-grade malignancy.

Patient concerns:
A 51-year-old male visited a local hospital in April 2016 complaining of shortness of breath, chest tightness and pain, and exhibited significant swelling in both sides of the chest.

Diagnoses:
CT demonstrated thoracic symmetry and no abnormalities were observed in the soft tissues of the ribs and the chest wall. A general observation of CT-guided puncture biopsy revealed 2 stripes of gray and grayish-white puncture tissues of 0.5 and 1 cm in length, respectively, and 0.1 cm in diameter. These results preliminarily suggested a (mediastinum) malignant small round cell tumor.

Intervention:
Given the progression of the disease, the chemotherapy regimen, consisting of ifosfamide and etoposide, was altered during the course and radiotherapy (total of 70 Gy of mediastinal Y field radiation) was conducted.

Outcomes:
The patient and his family declined further treatment. Through follow-up, the total survival period was determined as 17 months.

Lessons:
DSRCT is a rare interstitial malignant tumor. Effective cytoreduction combined with comprehensive therapies could achieve partial remission or prolong the survival of patients.
Successful treatment of recurrent benign fibrous histiocytoma by complete surgical removal and appropriate ocular surface reconstruction
Authors: Wang Haixu , Zhang Shuang , Hong Jing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Ocular benign fibrous histiocytoma can involve corneoscleral limbus and adjacent cornea and usually has a good prognosis after surgical removal. Despite the low recurrence rate, we reported a rare case of ocular benign fibrous histiocytoma with twice recurrences after excision.

Patient concerns:
A 12-year-old Chinese girl presented with two painless progressively enlarging masses in the right eye for 6 years. She once had the lesions excised 1 year ago. However, the primary lesions relapsed again.

Diagnosis:
Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examinations of the excised samples supported the diagnosis of benign fibrous histiocytomas of the corneoscleral limbus.

Interventions:
The patient underwent mass resection with limbal stem cell transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation at first. As for the tumors’ second recurrence, we performed extended excision combined with lamellar keratoplasty and amniotic membrane implantation.

Outcomes:
The corneal graft remained clear with no sign of tumor recurrence 3 years after the second surgery.

Conclusion:
Complete surgical resection with tumor-free margins is critical to reduce the recurrence of benign fibrous histiocytoma and appropriate ocular surface reconstruction is necessary to remedy tissue defect and maintain epithelial integrity.