bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Metastatic Effects of Lupeol via the Inhibition of MAPK/ERK Pathway in Lung Cancer
Authors: Bhatt Mital , Patel Mitesh , Adnan Mohd , Reddy Mandadi N. 
Published: April 2020

Background and Objective:
ERK pathway is one of the most crucial pathways in lung cancer metastasis. Targeting its
pathway is decisive in lung cancer research. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time a
significant and selective anti-metastatic effects of lupeol against lung cancer A549 cells via
perturbations in the ERK signaling pathway.

Materials and Methods:
Human protein targets of lupeol were predicted in silico. Migration and cytotoxicity assays
were carried out in vitro. Expression levels of proteins Erk1/2 and pErk1/2 were ensured
using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique
was used to estimate changes in crucial mesenchymal marker geneexpression levels of Ncadherin and vimentin.

Results:
Lupeol was found to target ERK and MEK proteins effectively. Despite having no cytotoxic
effects, lupeol also significantly inhibited cell migration in A549 cells with decreased
expression of the pErk1/2 protein along with N-cadherin and vimentin genes.

Conclusion:
Lupeol inhibits cell migration, showed no cytotoxic effects on A549 cells, decreased pErk1/2
and EMT gene expression. Thus, it can serve as a potential ERK pathway inhibitor in lung
cancer therapeutics.
Isoquinolines: Important Cores in Many Marketed and Clinical Drugs
Authors: Luo Chunying , Ampomah-Wireko Maxwell , Wang Huanhuan , Wu Chunli , Wang Qing , Zhang Hui , Cao Yaquan 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Isoquinoline analogs are an important, structurally diverse class of compounds that are
extensively used as pharmaceuticals. Derivatives containing the isoquinoline scaffold have become a focus of
therapeutic research because of their wide range of biological characteristics. Examples of these drugs, many of
which are in clinical application or at the pre-clinical stage, are used to treat a broad swathe of ailments, such as
tumors, respiratory diseases, infections, nervous system diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,
endocrine and metabolic diseases.

Methods:
Data were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and SciFinder, through searches of drug names.

Results:
At least 38 isoquinoline-based therapeutic drugs are in clinical application or clinical trials, and their
chemical structure and pharmacokinetics are described in detail.

Conclusion:
The isoquinoline ring is a privileged scaffold which is often preferred as a structural basis for drug
design, and plays an important role in drug discovery. This review provides a guide for pharmacologists to find
effective preclinical/clinical drugs and examines recent progress in the application of the isoquinoline scaffold.
Protective Potential of Ginkgo biloba Against an ADHD-like Condition
Authors: Sharma Garima , Sharma Naveen , Nguyen Bao Trong , Jeong Ji Hoon , Nah Seung-Yeol , Yoneda Yukio , Shin Eun-Joo , Kim Hyoung-Chun 
Published: April 2020

Background:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder commonly found in children, which is recognized by hyperactivity and aggressive behavior. It is known that the pathophysiology of ADHD is associated with neurobiological dysfunction. Although psychostimulants are recognized as the therapeutic drugs of choice for ADHD patients, the side effects might be of great concern. Ginkgo biloba is a promising herbal complementary supplement that may modulate the neuronal system in an ADHD-like condition. The beneficial effect of Ginkgo biloba on ADHD-like symptoms may be related to the modulation of the system by novel molecular mechanisms. Ginkgo biloba is known to modulate dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine signaling. Flavonoid glycosides and terpene trilactones are the two major phytochemical components present in the Ginkgo biloba preparations, which can exhibit antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. The pharmacological mechanisms of the phytochemical components may also contribute to the neuroprotective activity of Ginkgo biloba.Conclusion:In this review, we have summarized recent findings on the potential of various Ginkgo biloba preparations to treat ADHD-like symptoms. In addition, we have discussed the pharmacological mechanisms mediated by Ginkgo biloba against an ADHD-like condition.
Chronic Royal Jelly Administration Induced Antidepressant-Like Effects Through Increased Sirtuin1 and Oxidative Phosphorylation Protein Expression in the Amygdala of Mice
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Trung , Kambe Yuki , Miyata Atsuro 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychological disorder worldwide.
However, one-third of patients with MDD are resistant to the present antidepressant medicine which
regulates monoamine contents in the brain. Thus, another drug target is strongly required. Much
evidence strongly suggests that sirtuin1, which is the key factor to regulate mitochondrial activity,
may be implicated in MDD.

Objective:
Since it is suggested that royal jelly (RJ) ameliorated depressive-like behavior and
affected mitochondrial activity in mice, we hypothesized RJ could be an alternative medicine against
MDD which acts via sirtuin1 signaling to improve mitochondrial activity.

Methods:
In the present study, we applied a mouse model of MDD to investigate the effect of RJ on
the depressive-like behavior and the sirtuin1 signaling on mitochondrial activity.

Results:
Our results indicated that either the oral administration of RJ for 12 days or single
intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection decreased the duration of immobility in the tail suspension
test, which suggested that RJ had an antidepressant-like effect. Moreover, sirtuin1 protein expression
increased in mice following RJ treatment in the amygdala region, but not in the other brain regions.
Similarly, the expressions of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) related proteins increased in the
amygdala regions, but not in the hippocampal regions.

Conclusion:
The increase of sirtuin1 and OXPHOS protein expression may at least in part contribute
to the antidepressant-like effect of the RJ pathway, and RJ may have the potential to be a novel antidepressant drug.
Task-scheduling Algorithm based on Improved Genetic Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Weiqing G.E. , Yanru Cui 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Min-min and max-min algorithms were combined on the basis of the traditional
genetic algorithm to make up for its shortcomings.

Methods:
In this paper, a new cloud computing task-scheduling algorithm that introduces min-min
and max-min algorithms to generate initialization population, selects task completion time and load
balancing as double fitness functions, and improves the quality of initialization population, algorithm
searchability and convergence speed, was proposed.

Results:
The simulation results proved that the cloud computing task-scheduling algorithm was superior
to and more effective than the traditional genetic algorithm.

Conclusion:
The paper proposes the possibility of the fusion of the two quadratively improved algorithms
and completes the preliminary fusion of the algorithm, but the simulation results of the new
algorithm are not ideal and need to be further studied.
Virtual Reality–Based Executive Function Rehabilitation System for Children With Traumatic Brain Injury: Design and Usability Study
Authors: Shen Jiabin , Xiang Henry , Luna John , Grishchenko Alice , Patterson Jeremy , Strouse Robert V , Roland Maxwell , Lundine Jennifer P , Koterba Christine H , Lever Kimberly , Groner Jonathan I , Huang Yungui , Lin En-Ju Deborah 
Published: April 2020

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a significant threat to children’s health. Cognitive rehabilitation for pediatric TBI has the potential to improve the quality of life following the injury. Virtual reality (VR) can provide enriched cognitive training in a life-like but safe environment. However, existing VR applications for pediatric TBIs have primarily focused on physical rehabilitation.

Objective
This study aims to design and develop an integrative hardware and software VR system to provide rehabilitation of executive functions (EF) for children with TBI, particularly in 3 core EF: inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.

Methods
The VR training system was developed by an interdisciplinary team with expertise in best practices of VR design, developmental psychology, and pediatric TBI rehabilitation. Pilot usability testing of this novel system was conducted among 10 healthy children and 4 children with TBIs.

Results
Our VR-based interactive cognitive training system was developed to provide assistive training on core EF following pediatric TBI. Pilot usability testing showed adequate user satisfaction ratings for both the hardware and software components of the VR system.

Conclusions
This project designed and tested a novel VR-based system for executive function rehabilitation that is specifically adapted to children following TBI.
Impact of Online Information on Self-Isolation Intention During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Farooq Ali , Laato Samuli , Islam A K M Najmul 
Published: April 2020

Background
During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, governments issued movement restrictions and placed areas into quarantine to combat the spread of the disease. In addition, individuals were encouraged to adopt personal health measures such as social isolation. Information regarding the disease and recommended avoidance measures were distributed through a variety of channels including social media, news websites, and emails. Previous research suggests that the vast amount of available information can be confusing, potentially resulting in overconcern and information overload.

Objective
This study investigates the impact of online information on the individual-level intention to voluntarily self-isolate during the pandemic. Using the protection-motivation theory as a framework, we propose a model outlining the effects of cyberchondria and information overload on individuals’ perceptions and motivations.

Methods
To test the proposed model, we collected data with an online survey (N=225) and analyzed it using partial least square-structural equation modeling. The effects of social media and living situation were tested through multigroup analysis.

Results
Cyberchondria and information overload had a significant impact on individuals’ threat and coping perceptions, and through them on self-isolation intention. Among the appraisal constructs, perceived severity (P=.002) and self-efficacy (P=.003) positively impacted self-isolation intention, while response cost (P<.001) affected the intention negatively. Cyberchondria (P=.003) and information overload (P=.003) indirectly affected self-isolation intention through the aforementioned perceptions. Using social media as an information source increased both cyberchondria and information overload. No differences in perceptions were found between people living alone and those living with their families.

Conclusions
During COVID-19, frequent use of social media contributed to information overload and overconcern among individuals. To boost individuals’ motivation to adopt preventive measures such as self-isolation, actions should focus on lowering individuals’ perceived response costs in addition to informing them about the severity of the situation.
Damshaja Shula: A Review
Authors: Kotnalli Mahadevappa , Gopendra K , Sanath Kumar T , Hussain Gazala 
Published: April 2020

Ayurveda has mentioned the bite of Sarpa(snakes), Keeta(incects), Luta(spider), Vrischika(scorpion), Mooshaka(rat), etc., the Jangama Visha (animate poisons), their characteristic symptoms and its management, in a very special branch of Ayurveda termed as Agada tantra. Ayurveda Acharyas have given special attention to Jangama Visha(animate poisons) and are described in the classics as a special entity. Damsha(bite) is the most common in animal poisons. The most common and early symptom is pain. In the management of all types of jangama visha damsha traditional and regional knowledge are available. Administration of anti- venom and sthavaravisha(plant poison) are used as an antidote for all jangama visha damsha. Ayurveda has explained numerous medicinal plants in the management of jangama visha damsha. Pain management plays a major role in management of animal poisoning. Most of the Ayurveda formulations used in management of bite have multiple actions rather than on single symptom like pain.
Keywords: Pain, Sarpa, Keeta, Loota, damsha, Chikitsa
Formulation and Evaluation of Galantamine Hydrobromide Proniosome Gel for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sarfaraz Mohammed , Goel Tanvi , Doddayya H. 
Published: April 2020

Galantamine hydrobromide is formulated in tablets and capsules prescribed through oral delivery for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. However, oral delivery of drugs can cause severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal disturbance. In the present research work, Galantamine hydrobromide is formulated as proniosome gel by Coacervation phase separation method using different surfactants such as Tweens and Spans. Overall eight formulations were developed and evaluated for various parameters. The prepared gels were viewed by naked eye to observe the colour of gel. Microscopical observations of the gels showed vesicles of optimum size from 3.030 mm (P2) - 3.735 mm (P5). The gel also showed optimum rate of spontaneity in the range 9.60 mm3x1000 (P7) to 11.80 mm3x1000 (P4) and entrapment efficiency of vesicles in the range 66.15% (P5) to 86.92% (P3). The gels had pH in suitable range of skin (5.92-6.9). The in vitro drug diffusion studies revealed that the drug diffusion was affected by the various surfactants used. The rank order of surfactant effect on in-vitro drug diffusion was Tween 80 > Tween 60 > Tween 40 >Tween 20 > Span 80 > Span 60 > Span 40 > Span 20. The proniosomal gel containing Tween 80 showed maximum drug diffusion (99.24%) and the gel containing Span 20 showed minimum drug diffusion (71.74%). FT-IR studies of optimized proniosome gel P8 revealed the absence of any chemical interactions between drug and carriers used.
Keywords: Galantamine hydrobromide, Proniosome gel, Coacervation phase separation method, Surfactants, in vitro drug diffusion studies.
Nasal In Situ Gel: Novel Approach for Nasal Drug Delivery
Authors: Sabale Anjali Sunil , Kulkarni Abhijeet D , Sabale Ajay Sunil 
Published: April 2020

Nasal delivery is an alternative to oral or parenteral administration due to certain limitations such as absorption of the drug, drug targeting to particular organs can cause a problem for administration through oral route. The nasal route has also been successfully used for bypassing the blood-brain barrier and afterword delivering drug molecules to the central nervous system. Also, lag time related to oral drug delivery is reduces by this route and offers noninvasiveness, self-medication, patient comfort, and patient compliance. Extend drug delivery can be attained by different new dosage forms like in situ gel. In situ formulations are drug delivery systems. The in-situ gelling system is a process in which the solution forms of a gel before administration in the body, but once administrated, it undergoes gelation in-situ, to form a gel. In situ gelling system becomes very popular nowadays because of their several advantages over conventional drug delivery systems like a sustained and prolonged release of a drug, reduced Frequency of administration, improved patient compliance and comfort. Approaches towards the various formulation of in-situ gel concerning temperature, pH, and physicochemical conditions. The in situ gel-forming polymeric formulations offer several advantages like sustained and prolonged action reduced Frequency of administration, in comparison to conventional drug delivery systems. From a manufacturing point of view, the production of such systems is less complex and thus lowers the investment and manufacturing cost. Various evaluation parameters are considered during the preparation of In-Situ gel.
Keywords: Nasal Drug Delivery, In Situ gel, gelation, polymers, etc
A Pilot Study Indicating Valuation of C‑Reactive Protein for Disease Outcome in Sickle Hemoglobin Patients of Central India
Authors: Dey Sarkar Purnima , Gupta Gajendra Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Evidences support the fact that sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with a chronic inflammatory state characterized by haemolysis. C-reactive protein level (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count considered as biomarkers for inflammation. Also, elevation of serum total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels are found to be associated with haemolysis, this makes LDH a nonspecific marker which has to be interpreted in a context of other markers of disease. The present study aims to assess the role of CRP levels, WBC counts, RBC counts, haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and LDH levels in sickle hemoglobin (HbS) patients. Blood samples of 10 HbS patients (six females and four males) attending M.Y. Hospital, Indore during the period of Aug to Oct 2019 were screened for CRP, LDH and Hb levels and RBC and WBC counts using latex enhanced immune-turbidimetric assay, LDH optimize DGKC kinetic and differential automated hematology analyzer respectively. Data (mean ± SEM) was analyzed using Graphpad Prism software using Tukey’s multiple comparison post-hoc test. The mean Hb levels (7.73 ± 0.81 g/dl) and RBC counts (3.21 ± 0.53 million/µl) were found to be significantly decreased (p˂ 0.001 and 0.01 respectively) and mean WBC counts (15214.28 ± 1893.40 per mm3), CRP levels (85.73 ± 23.23 mg/l) and LDH levels (1334.00 ± 418.49 U/l) were found to be significantly increased (p˂ 0.0001, 0.01 and 0.01 respectively) in HbS patients in comparison with their respective controls. The variations in serum LDH and CRP levels are accompanied by changes in hematological parameters in HbS patients. These parameters may be considered as indicator of the severity of the disease.
Keywords: C-reactive protein, LDH, Sickle cell disease
A generalization of truncated M-fractional derivative and applications to fractional differential equations
Authors: İlhan Esin , Kıymaz İ. Onur 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, our aim is to generalize the truncated M-fractional derivative which was recently introduced [Sousa and de Oliveira, A new truncated M-fractional derivative type unifying some fractional derivative types with classical properties, Inter. of Jour. Analy. and Appl., 16 (1), 83–96, 2018]. To do that, we used generalized M-series, which has a more general form than Mittag-Leffler and hypergeometric functions. We called this generalization as truncated ℳ-series fractional derivative. This new derivative generalizes several fractional derivatives and satisfies important properties of the integer-order derivatives. Finally, we obtain the analytical solutions of some ℳ-series fractional differential equations.
Special Curves According to Bishop Frame in Minkowski 3-Space
Authors: Isah Muhammad Abubakar , Külahçı Mihriban Alyamaç 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Pseudo null curves were studied by some geometers in both Euclidean and Minkowski spaces, but some special characters of the curve are not considered. In this paper, we study weak AW (k) – type and AW (k) – type pseudo null curve in Minkowski 3-space

E
1
3

[E_1^3

. We define helix and slant helix according to Bishop frame in

E
1
3

[E_1^3

. Furthermore, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the slant helix and helix in Minkowski 3-space are obtained.
Punctuation Marks and Signs of Cessation in Qur`an: a comparative study
Authors: Mahmoud-Mukadam Abdur-Rasheed 
Published: April 2020

The subject of punctuation in Arabic writing may be one of the topics in which there was a great deal of writing. However, the close look at this paper reveals that there are some new things that the researcher is interested in highlighting in this article. To clarify positions in the Holy Quran. And that some contemporary writers do not take into account the status of these signs and interesting situation in the appropriate places, but they refuse to take into account behind their appearance when writing Arabic became randomly writing, Based on the above, the researcher can shed light on the importance of these punctuation marks and indicate the relationship between them and the signs of the Qur`anic cessation, which does not mean the use of the first place with The existence of the connection and kinship between them; because the writing of Qur`an is descriptive, it could never be treated in the places of cessation and tone as usual treatment of the normal writing.
KONTRIBUSI ANTARA KOORDINASI MATA TANGAN DAN KECEPATAN REAKSI TANGAN TERHADAP PUKULAN FOREHAND DALAM PERMAINAN TENISMEJA PADA SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 MARIORIAWA KABUPATEN SOPPENG
Authors: Syamsuddin Nurliati , Hamdiana Hamdiana , Ulfa Ulfa 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi koordinasi mata tangan dan kecepatan reaksi tangan terhadap pukulan forehand dalam permainan tenismeja. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif berkorelasional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa laki-laki SMA Negeri 1 Marioriawa Kabupaten Soppeng dengan jumlah sampel penelitian 40 orang yang dipilih secara random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis korelasi dan regresi dengan menggunakan program SPSS Versi 21.00 pada taraf signifikan 95% atau a0,05. Bertolak dari hasil analisis data, maka penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Koordinasi mata tangan berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap pukulan forehand dalam permainan tenismeja sebesar 69,1%; (2) Kecepatan reaksi tangan berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap pukulan forehand dalam permainan tenismeja sebesar 52,8%; dan (3) Koordinasi mata tangan dan kecepatan reaksi tangan berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap pukulan forehand dalam permainan tenismeja sebesar 69,5%