bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revitalisering af inuitisk tradition i Grønland
Authors: Johannsen Sidse Birk 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: The revitalization process among indigenous people on the North American continent has been increasing since the beginning of the 20th century, especially after 1960 (Paldam 2017, 136 Fonda 2012, 172, Wallace 1956). In Greenland, there are examples of cultural revitalization dating back to the 1970s, but interest in Inuit culture and religion has especially increased over the past decade (Krutak 2014, 55 Pedersen 2014, 51). The purpose of this paper is to clarify the differences and variations of where and how the flourishing of Inuit traditions is expressed in today’s Greenlandic society. The paper highlights variations and differences between mainstream culture and niche religiosity and presents a model for categorizing different groupings in the field. Finally, the revitalization process is discussed as respectively an ethno particular niche religion or a New Age tendency with a global outlook.
DANSK RESUME: Revitaliseringstendensen blandt oprindelige folk har været stigende på det nordamerikanske kontinent siden begyndelsen af 1900-tallet og særligt efter 1960 (Paldam 2017, 136; Fonda 2012, 17, Wallace 1956). I Grønland findes der eksempler på kulturel revitalisering tilbage til 1970’erne; men opblomstringen af inuitiske traditioner og religion er særligt højnet det seneste årti (Krutak 2014, 55; Pedersen 2014, 51). Denne artikels formål er at tydeliggøre de forskellige variationer af, hvor og hvordan opblomstringen af inuitiske traditioner kommer til udtryk i nutidens grønlandske samfund. Artiklen fremhæver variationer og forskelle imellem mainstreamkultur og nichereligiøsitet og præsenterer en model til kategorisering af forskellige grupperinger i feltet. Afsluttende diskuteres revitaliseringsprocessen som henholdsvis etnopartikulær nichereligion eller New Age-tendens med globalt udsyn.
Der nordische Fremde: Historische Untersuchung des medialen Schwedenbildes im Heiligen Römischen Reich (1500–1721)
Authors: Hämmerle Tobias E. 
Published: December 2020

Until to the beginning of the 17th century the North was rather an unknown and abstract space for the average German-speaking recipient of early modern mass media (for example illustrated broadsheets, newspapers, pamphlets). In the course of the 17th century due to Denmark’s and Sweden’s participation in the Thirty Years War, the northern regions became a central topic in the early modern mass media and therefore forced the recipient to be more aware of it. In the course of the second half of the 17th century the northern kingdoms became less important for the publicists in the Holy Roman Empire and instead they laid their focus on the politics of French and the Ottoman Empire. Thus, the image of the northerners and their stereotypes, which had been introduced to the German speaking readers in the course of the Thirty Years War, lived on until the beginning of the 18th century. Nevertheless, the Great Northern War (1700–1721) brought the people from the northern regions back to the media landscape of the Holy Roman Empire and about the same time the illustrated broadsheet – an almost antiquated genre of mass media that had struggled with the upcoming of the new modern genre ‘newspaper’ – experienced a kind of a renaissance.
The aim of this article is to describe how the northern region, with a focus on Sweden, was depicted in early modern mass media between the 15th and the 18th centuries. I will show continuities and changes of the visual and textual representation of ‘northerners’ and ‘Sweden’ in early modern mass media, which were published in the Holy Roman Empire between around 1500 until the end of the Great Northern War in 1721.
The Imaginary North in Finnish Comics on Migration
Authors: Kauranen Ralf , Löytty Olli 
Published: December 2020

This article analyses three comics published in Finland that are focused on migration and offer differing insights into the representation of ‘the north’: Pentti Otsamo’s Kahvitauko (2012), Leen van Hulst’s Maitoa ja lunta / Milk and Snow (2011) and Lauri Ahtinen’s Elias (2018). These albums are both representative of the field in general and unique with respect to their treatment of the connections between place and migration. The analysis of the imaginary north is structured around the three tropes of the northern suburb, the northern climate, and the northern natural environment. What is common to them all is a construction of the north as a place without clear limitations and as an amalgamation of various relationships.
A central aspect of what a place is in the globalized world is that it constitutes a meeting place. In Kahvitauko, the drinking of coffee is used to show how ‘north’ and ‘south’ are connected on a global scale. In Elias, the symbols of the north, the snow, and the bear, are tied together with Afghanistan. Maitoa ja lunta / Milk and Snow provides another viewpoint, as it lacks the representation of xenophobia. Read in parallel with the other two comics it not only shows that migrants of different kinds are treated differently, but also highlights how a place such as the north is defined in different terms depending on reasons for migration, race and ethnicity, and privilege in general.
A place is precisely a place for articulation of networks of meanings, experiences, and people. In addition, the three albums are posited in the broader field of Finnish comics on migration. This is carried out with a focus on how the very concrete places in the comics in the field are named and visually anchored.
Kevin O’Connell’s North: Modernism, Sibelius, and Identity
Authors: McCay Jennifer 
Published: December 2020

The influence of Jean Sibelius and Scandinavian modernism can show up in unexpected quarters: the Northern Irish composer Kevin O’Connell (b. 1958) names the Finnish great as one of his crucial influences, particularly evident in the composition North. Having grown up under the shadows of the Northern Irish Troubles since the late 1960s, O’Connell’s music can be read as a way to engage with this specific identity crisis. Another northern influence on this piece, albeit non-musical in topic, includes Seamus Heaney’s collection of poetry of the same title and structure, with Heaney also hailing from Derry in Northern Ireland.
Alongside such issues of identity, this article assesses the determinacy of Kevin O’Connell's orchestral composition, entitled North (1997–98), on Sibelius’s Symphony No. 4. North displays motivic transformation as a significant element of O’Connell’s orchestral style and the central element utilized to construct an extended and coherent piece of music.
As mentioned, Sibelius’s influence is not only musical; in his position as a composer from northern Europe negotiating a path between nationalist political movements and the productive engagement with the central European artistic tradition, in the process laying claim to full membership of the exclusive club of European composers – all of which contribute to ‘Conceptualizing the North’.
Kuuk, Skrap, and the Resistance Vernacular
Authors: Ålvik Jon Mikkel Broch 
Published: December 2020

How are gendered identities enabled, contested, and performed through Nordic popular music? Building on relevant approaches in popular music analysis, this article offers an investigation into the function/s of language and musical style in enabling and engendering agency and subjectivity via two case studies in Norwegian popular music.
Gender and language are crucial factors in this. In a global context of popular music, bands and artists who choose to sing in their local language may be seen to take up marginal positions compared to artists who choose to sing in English, as the choice of language would naturally limit their audience. I argue that this overlooks the efficacy of using one’s local language to express points of view that are relevant on a local level; what is more, it overlooks the possibility of subverting globalized trends and using these to one’s own ends.
In this article, I offer close readings of Norwegian-language albums by two all-female groups: the hip-hop duo Kuuk (Live fra Blitz) and the electronica duo Skrap (Atlantis). Applying Russell A. Potter’s (1995) concept of the ‘resistance vernacular’ as it has been expanded and operationalized by Tony Mitchell (2004), I contend that the bands’ use of their local language opens their music to a broader set of possibilities when it comes to subverting gender and genre norms at the same time as it enhances the music’s political potential.
Working in discernible genres enables both bands to create music that expresses a feminist stance; in the case of Kuuk, deconstructing and subverting expectations of gendered behaviour through parodying hip-hop misogyny, and in the case of Skrap, drawing on strategic naïvety to steer clear of gender stereotypes.
Additive Manufacturable Materials for Electrochemical Biosensor Electrodes
Authors: Elbadawi Moe , Ong Jun Jie , Pollard Thomas D. , Gaisford Simon , Basit Abdul W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the impending Industrial Revolution 4.0, the information produced by sensors will be central in many applications. This includes the healthcare sector, where affordable healthcare and precision medicine are highly sought after. Electrochemical sensors have the potential to produce affordable, high sensitivity and specificity, intuitive, and rapid point‐of‐care diagnostics. Underpinning these achievements is the choice of material and the fabrication thereof. In this review, the different types of materials used in electrochemical biosensors are reported, with a focus on synthetic conductive materials. The review demonstrates that there is an abundance of materials to select from, and compositing different types of materials further widens their applicability in biosensors. In addition, the fabrication of such materials using the state‐of‐the‐art of fabrication technology, additive manufacturing (AM), is also detailed. The need for compositing is evident in AM, as the feedstock for certain AM technologies is inherently nonconductive. Both material choice and fabrication technologies limitations are also discussed to highlight opportunities for growth. The review highlights how recent technological advancements have the potential to drive the healthcare industry toward achieving its primary goals.
Near‐Infrared Light Triggered Silk Fibroin Scaffold for Photothermal Therapy and Tissue Repair of Bone Tumors
Authors: Miao Hao , Shen Runqing , Zhang Wenhai , Lin Zaifu , Wang Hao , Yang Likun , Liu Xiang‐Yang , Lin Naibo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSilk fibroin (SF) has attracted great interest in bone tissue engineering due to its extraordinary characteristics in terms of mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. SF scaffolds are assembled by biocompatible polydopamine nanoparticles at mesoscopic scale, which endows the scaffolds with a near‐infrared (NIR) light response for the treatment of bone tumors. The functionalized SF scaffold not only enhances the significant structure and performance of native SF scaffold for bone treatment and reconstruction, such as primary and mesoscopic structure, multi‐level pores, and biodegradation, as well as biocompatibility but also have excellent photothermal effect leading a significant cytotoxicity to MG63 cancer cells after NIR laser irradiation. Moreover, the penetration of NIR light in tissue is improved using an optical fiber, which demonstrates the obtained scaffolds’ great potential in the application of photothermal therapy.
Flexible Hybrid Sensor Systems with Feedback Functions
Authors: Xu Kaichen , Lu Yuyao , Takei Kuniharu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSkin‐like wearable sensors are regarded as key technologies toward home‐based healthcare, human–machine interfaces, robotics, prostheses, and enhanced augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR). Inspired by human somatosensory functions, artificial sensory feedback systems play vital roles in shaping interactions with complex environments and timely decision‐making. This study presents an overview of recent advances in feedback‐driven, closed‐loop skin‐inspired flexible sensor systems that make use of emerging functional nanomaterials and elaborate structures. Drawing on feedback solutions, four categories of sensor systems are highlighted, which include prosthesis‐ and AR/VR‐based human–machine interfaces, smartphone‐based approaches for point‐of‐care detection, and smart wearable displays for direct signal visualizations. Furthermore, the progress of machine learning on the reliable recognition of massive quantities of signals generated by flexible sensor networks is briefly discussed. The state‐of‐the‐art hybrid sensor techniques, along with other emerging strategies, will enable total sensory feedback loop systems to be developed for next‐generation electronic skins.
Bifunctional Perovskite‐BiVO4 Tandem Devices for Uninterrupted Solar and Electrocatalytic Water Splitting Cycles
Authors: Pornrungroj Chanon , Andrei Virgil , Rahaman Motiar , Uswachoke Chawit , Joyce Hannah J. , Wright Dominic S. , Reisner Erwin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) fuel synthesis depends on the intermittent solar intensity of the diurnal cycle and ceases at night. Here, an integrated device that does not only possess PEC water splitting functionality, but also operates as an electrolyzer in the nocturnal period to improve the overall capacity factor is described. The bifunctional system is based on an “artificial leaf” tandem PEC architecture that contains an inverse‐structure lead halide perovskite protected by a graphite epoxy/parylene‐C coating (conferring 96 h stability of operation in water), and a porous BiVO4 semiconductor. The light‐absorbers are interfaced with a H2 evolution catalyst (Pt) and a Co‐based water oxidation catalyst, respectively, which can also be directly driven by electricity. Thus, the device can operate in PEC mode during irradiation and switch to an electricity‐powered mode in the dark through bypassing of the semiconductor configuration. The bifunctional perovskite‐BiVO4 tandem provides a solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency of 1.3% under simulated solar irradiation and an onset for water electrolysis at 1.8 V. The compact design and low cost of the proposed device may provide an advantage over other technologies for round‐the‐clock fuel production.
Fast and High‐Strain Electrochemically Driven Yarn Actuators in Twisted and Coiled Configurations
Authors: Aziz Shazed , Martinez Jose G. , Salahuddin Bidita , Persson Nils‐Krister , Jager Edwin W. H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCommercially available yarns are promising precursor for artificial muscles for smart fabric‐based textile wearables. Electrochemically driven conductive polymer (CP) coated yarns have already shown their potential to be used in smart fabrics. Unfortunately, the practical application of these yarns is still hindered due to their slow ion exchange properties and low strain. Here, a method is demonstrated to morph poly‐3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene:poly‐styrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) coated multifilament textile yarns in highly twisted and coiled structures, providing >1% linear actuation in <1 s at a potential of +0.6 V. A potential window of +0.6 V and –1.2 V triggers the fully reversible actuation of a coiled yarn providing >1.62% strain. Compared to the untwisted, regular yarns, the twisted and coiled yarns produce >9× and >20× higher strain, respectively. The strain and speed are significantly higher than the maximum reported results from other electrochemically operated CP yarns. The yarn's actuation is explained by reversible oxidation/reduction reactions occurring at CPs. However, the helical opening/closing of the twisted or coiled yarns due to the torsional yarn untwisting/retwisting assists the rapid and large linear actuation. These PEDOT:PSS coated yarn actuators are of great interest to drive smart textile exoskeletons.
Implantable Cisplatin Synthesis Microdevice for Regional Chemotherapy
Authors: Campbell Rebecca , Shim Hyunji , Choi Je , Park Moonchul , Byun Eunjeong , Islam Sayemul , Song Seung Hyun , Kim Albert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCisplatin, the first platinum chemotherapy agent to obtain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 1978, is widely used for a number of cancers. However, the painful side effects stemming from systemic delivery are the inevitable limitation of cisplatin. A possible solution is regional chemotherapy using various drug delivery systems, which reduces the systemic toxicity and increases drug accumulation in the tumor. In this paper, a rice‐grain sized, ultrasonically powered, and implantable microdevice that can synthesize cisplatin in situ is presented. The microdevice produces 0.7 mg of cisplatin within 1 h under ultrasonic irradiation (400 mW cm−2). The effect of the microdevice‐synthesized cisplatin is evaluated using in vitro murine breast cancer cells and ex vivo liver tissue. The results suggest that cytotoxic activities of the microdevice‐mediated cisplatin delivery are significantly higher in both in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Overall, the proposed cisplatin synthesis microdevice represents a strong alternative treatment option for regional chemotherapy
Which is Better for Nanomedicines: Nanocatalysts or Single‐Atom Catalysts?
Authors: Zhao Mengyang , Zhang Nan , Yang Ruigeng , Chen Deliang , Zhao Yongxing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the rapid advancements in nanotechnology and materials science, numerous nanomaterials have been used as catalysts for nanomedical applications. Their design and modification according to the microenvironment of diseases have been shown to achieve effective treatment. Chemists are in pursuit of nanocatalysts that are more efficient, controllable, and less toxic by developing innovative synthetic technologies and improving existing ones. Recently, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with excellent catalytic activity and high selectivity have attracted increasing attention because of their accurate design as nanomaterials at the atomic level, thereby highlighting their potential for nanomedical applications. In this review, the recent advances in nanocatalysts and SACs are briefly summarized according to their synthesis, characterizations, catalytic mechanisms, and nanomedical applications. The opportunities and future scope for their development and the issues and challenges for their application as nanomedicine are also discussed. As far as it is known, the review is the systematic comparison of nanocatalysts and SACs, especially in the field of nanomedicine, which has promoted the development of nanocatalytic medicine.
mir15a/mir16‐1 cluster and its novel targeting molecules negatively regulate cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Guo Hongchang , Ma Ke , Hao Wenjing , Jiao Yao , Li Ping , Chen Jing , Xu Chen , Xu Fu‐jian , Lau Wayne Bond , Du Jie , Ma Xin‐liang , Li Yulin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn response to pathological stimuli, the heart develops ventricular hypertrophy that progressively decompensates and leads to heart failure. miRNAs are increasingly recognized as pathogenic factors, clinically relevant biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets. We identified that mir15a/mir16‐1 cluster was negatively correlated with hypertrophic severity in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The mir15a/mir16‐1 expression was enriched in cardiomyocytes (CMs), decreased in hypertrophic human hearts, and decreased in mouse hearts after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). CM‐specific mir15a/mir16‐1 knockout promoted cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction after TAC. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)β was responsible for the downregulation of mir15a/mir16‐1 cluster transcription. Mechanistically, mir15a/mir16‐1 cluster attenuated the insulin/IGF1 signal transduction cascade by inhibiting multiple targets, including INSR, IGF‐1R, AKT3, and serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1). Pro‐hypertrophic response induced by mir15a/mir16‐1 inhibition was abolished by knockdown of insulin receptor (INSR), insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), AKT3, or SGK1. In vivo systemic delivery of mir15a/mir16‐1 by nanoparticles inhibited the hypertrophic phenotype induced by TAC. Importantly, decreased serum mir15a/mir16‐1 levels predicted the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy in a cohort of patients with hypertension. Therefore, mir15a/mir16‐1 cluster is a promising therapeutic target and biomarker for cardiac hypertrophy.
Associations of coffee and tea consumption with lung cancer risk
Authors: Zhu Jingjing , Smith‐Warner Stephanie A. , Yu Danxia , Zhang Xuehong , Blot William J. , Xiang Yong‐Bing , Sinha Rashmi , Park Yikyung , Tsugane Shoichiro , White Emily , Koh Woon‐Puay , Park Sue K. , Sawada Norie , Kanemura Seiki , Sugawara Yumi , Tsuji Ichiro , Robien Kim , Tomata Yasutake , Yoo Keun‐Young , Kim Jeongseon , Yuan Jian‐Min , Gao Yu‐Tang , Rothman Nathaniel , Lazovich DeAnn , Abe Sarah K. , Rahman Md Shafiur , Loftfield Erikka , Takata Yumie , Li Xin , Lee Jung Eun , Saito Eiko , Freedman Neal D. , Inoue Manami , Lan Qing , Willett Walter C. , Zheng Wei , Shu Xiao‐Ou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAssociations of coffee and tea consumption with lung cancer risk have been inconsistent, and most lung cancer cases investigated were smokers. Included in this study were over 1.1 million participants from 17 prospective cohorts. Cox regression analyses were conducted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential effect modifications by sex, smoking, race, cancer subtype and coffee type were assessed. After a median 8.6 years of follow‐up, 20 280 incident lung cancer cases were identified. Compared with noncoffee and nontea consumption, HRs (95% CIs) associated with exclusive coffee drinkers (≥2 cups/d) among current, former and never smokers were 1.30 (1.15‐1.47), 1.49 (1.27‐1.74) and 1.35 (1.15‐1.58), respectively. Corresponding HRs for exclusive tea drinkers (≥2 cups/d) were 1.16 (1.02‐1.32), 1.10 (0.92‐1.32) and 1.37 (1.17‐1.61). In general, the coffee and tea associations did not differ significantly by sex, race or histologic subtype. Our findings suggest that higher consumption of coffee or tea is associated with increased lung cancer risk. However, these findings should not be assumed to be causal because of the likelihood of residual confounding by smoking, including passive smoking, and change of coffee and tea consumption after study enrolment.
The impacts of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and of cytoreductive surgery on 10‐year survival from advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Kim Soyoun Rachel , Kotsopoulos Joanne , Sun Ping , Bernardini Marcus Q. , Laframboise Stephane , Ferguson Sarah E. , Rosen Barry , Narod Steven A. , May Taymaa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the long‐term survival outcomes for women with advanced ovarian cancer treated with chemotherapy either before or after surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs primary cytoreductive surgery) at a single tertiary cancer center.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 326 patients with Stage IIIC or IV high‐grade serous ovarian cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or primary cytoreductive surgery between 2001 and 2011. Clinical treatments were recorded and 10‐year survival rates were measured.ResultsA total of 183 women (56.1%) underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and 143 women (43.9%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Women who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more likely to have no residual disease than those who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery (51.4% vs 41.5%; P = 0.030) but experienced inferior 10‐year overall survival (9.1% vs 19.3%; P < 0.001). Among those who had primary cytoreductive surgery, those with no residual disease had superior 10‐year overall survival than those who had any evidence of residual disease (36.0% vs 7.2%; P < 0.001).ConclusionAmong women with advanced ovarian cancer, those who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery had better survival than those who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be reserved for those in whom optimal primary cytoreductive surgery is not feasible.