bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Insight Into the Role of Humidity and Temperature on Phenolic Retention, Powder Flow, Glass Transition, and Crystalline Changes During Non‐centrifugal Sugar Drying
Authors: Venkatesh T. , Sajeev M. S. , Venugopal V. V. , Kothakota Anjineyulu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNon‐centrifugal sugars (NCS), traditionally obtained through open pan evaporation of cane juice, typically possess a moisture content ranging from 7% to 10% (wet basis). This study introduces a dehumidified drying technique aimed at significantly reducing moisture content, enhancing flow properties, minimizing antioxidant losses, increasing the glass transition temperature, and improving both the crystallinity and surface morphology of NCS. Two drying methods were evaluated: a solar dryer, with no control over temperature and humidity, and a refrigerated adsorption dehumidified dryer (RADD) with precise control of both parameters. The RADD achieved a substantial reduction in moisture content to 4.05% ± 0.2%, leading to markedly improved flow properties and a higher retention of phenolic content (82% ± 3.05%) compared to the solar dryer (71% ± 3.83%). Additionally, the RADD resulted in enhanced crystallinity, with a percentage of 83.5%, exceeding the 70%–75% range observed in solar‐dried samples. Surface morphological analysis revealed that RADD‐dried samples exhibited a uniform crystalline structure, whereas solar‐dried samples displayed lumps and irregular particle shapes due to retained moisture. These findings highlight the practical implications of adopting dehumidified drying techniques for improving the quality of NCS. Future research should focus on exploring the scalability and energy efficiency of these techniques for industrial applications.
Dynamic Competition in Negotiated Price Markets
Authors: ALLEN JASON , LI SHAOTENG 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUsing contract‐level data for the Canadian mortgage market, this paper provides evidence of an “invest‐and‐harvest” pricing pattern. We build a dynamic model of price negotiation with search and switching frictions to capture key market features. We estimate the model and use it to investigate the effects of market frictions and the resulting dynamic competition on borrowers' and banks' payoffs. We show that dynamic pricing and the presence of search and switching costs have important implications for public policies.
Do Female State Officials Improve Corporate Social Responsibility in their Jurisdictions? A Disadvantage‐Prohibiting Perspective
Authors: Chu Jian , Tang Yi , Wan Guoguang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhile prior studies on how state officials affect firm behaviour focus on an advantage‐promoting perspective, we propose a disadvantage‐prohibiting perspective to examine the effects of female state officials on corporate social responsibility (CSR). We propose that the disadvantage resulting from a female municipal official's gender role may incentivize her to mobilize a firm's CSR to counteract such a disadvantage, leading to higher levels of CSR activities of firms in her jurisdiction. Our approach contributes to a new perspective on how political officials affect CSR. Results of our analysis of a sample of Chinese publicly listed firms between 2009 and 2019 support our predictions. The relationship is stronger in provinces that are more accepting of traditional gender roles and for first‐term leaders. A supplementary study using a global sample shows the generalizability of our findings: firms in countries with female leaders have higher levels of CSR compared with firms in countries with male leaders.
Widespread distribution of chlorophyll f‐producing Leptodesmis cyanobacteria
Authors: Shen Li‐Qin , Zhang Zhong‐Chun , Zhang Lu‐Dan , Huang Da , Yu Gongliang , Chen Min , Li Renhui , Qiu Bao‐Sheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChlorophyll (Chl) f was reported as the fifth Chl in oxygenic photoautotrophs. Chlorophyll f production expanded the utilization of photosynthetically active radiation into the far‐red light (FR) region in some cyanobacterial genera. In this study, 11 filamentous cyanobacterial strains were isolated from FR‐enriched habitats, including hydrophyte, moss, shady stone, shallow ditch, and microbial mat across Central and Southern China. Polyphasic analysis classified them into the same genus of Leptodesmis and further recognized them as four new species, including Leptodesmis atroviridis sp. nov., Leptodesmis fuscus sp. nov., Leptodesmis olivacea sp. nov., and Leptodesmis undulata sp. nov. These cyanobacteria had absorption peaks beyond 700 nm due to Chl f production and red‐shifted phycobiliprotein complexes under FR conditions. All but L. undulata produced phycoerythrin and showed varying degrees of a reddish‐brown to dark green color under white light conditions. However, the phycoerythrin contents were sharply decreased under FR conditions, and these three Leptodesmis species appeared green. In summary, the Leptodesmis genus contains diverse species with the capacity to synthesize Chl f and is likely a ubiquitous group of Chl f‐producing cyanobacteria.
Misuse of the Lower Limit of Detection in HBV DNA Testing and Anti‐HBe Positive Status Will Significantly Impact the Diagnosis of Occult HBV Infection
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Xinru , Xiao Li , Xian Jianchun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe diagnosis of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is influenced by factors such as the lower limit of detection (LOD) of the HBV DNA test. However, in clinical practice and scientific research, the lower limit of quantification (LOQ) is often misused as the LOD. This study aims to investigate the impact of misuse of the LOD of the HBV DNA test on the detection rate of OBI, as well as the risk factors for OBI. Four hundred twelve patients who were HBsAg‐negative and had undergone high‐sensitivity HBV DNA testing were included in this study. HBV DNA was detected using the Cobas 6800 System with an LOD of 2.4 IU/mL and an LOQ of 10 IU/mL. The effect of using the LOQ as the LOD on the detection rate of OBI was compared, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors for OBI. (1) Of the 412 patients, 63.3% (n = 261) were male, with a median age of 47 (range 34–55) years. A total of 473 HBV DNA test results were obtained, with 366 individuals undergoing only one HBV DNA test and the remaining 46 patients undergoing 2 to 5 HBV DNA tests (resulting in a total of 107 test results). (2) Considering only the first HBV DNA test result, the detection rate of OBI was 4.1% (17/412). However, when the LOQ (10 IU/mL) was used as the LOD, the detection rate of OBI was only 1.5% (6/412) (p < 0.001). (3) Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, anti‐HBe positivity rate and anti‐HBc positivity rate between OBI and non‐OBI individuals (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that anti‐HBe positivity was an independent risk factor for OBI in this study (odds ratio [OR] = 3.807, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.065–13.617, p = 0.040), while anti‐HBs positivity was a protective factor against OBI (OR = 0.271, 95% CI: 0.093–0.787, p = 0.016). (4) Among the 46 patients who underwent repeated testing, a total of seven individuals were found to be HBV DNA‐positive in the first test, and six individuals tested positive for HBV DNA one or more times in subsequent tests. When OBI was confirmed by ≥ 1 out of 1–5 tests with detectable HBV DNA, the detection rate of OBI in this study could increase from 4.1% to 5.6%. The detection rate of OBI among HBsAg‐negative adult patients attending hepatology departments in this region is 4.1%. Misusing the LOQ as LOD can significantly decrease the detection rate of OBI. The presence of anti‐HBe positivity and undergoing multiple HBV DNA tests can lead to a significant increase in the detection rate of OBI.
External Effect of Entry
Authors: Ziss Steffen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper provides an analysis of the external effect of entry for both differentiated and homogenous products which takes account of the integer constraint, allows for cost‐based or quality‐based differences in firm size and for variation in firm conduct. The analysis shows that the external effect of entry is positive if the entrant is sufficiently large compared to the average incumbent, but not necessarily larger than the average incumbent, market conduct is competitive, there are few incumbents, marginal cost is steep relative to demand or products are sufficiently differentiated. These results contribute to the literature by expanding the set of market settings for which the external effect of entry is positive and thus for which profitable entry raises welfare.
Assessment of Women's Discretionary Salt Intake and Household Salt Utilization in Preparation for a Salt Fortification Trial in Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Agbemafle Isaac , Woldeyohannes Meseret , Tessema Masresha , Fereja Mengistu , Arnold Charles D. , Banjaw Biniyam T. , Hussen Alemayhu , Kebebe Tadesse , Goh Yvonne E. , Arabi Mandana , Martinez Homero , McDonald Christine M. , Brown Kenneth H. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThere is a high incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Ethiopia and folate insufficiency, a primary risk factor for NTDs, is common among Ethiopian women of reproductive age (WRA). Folic acid fortification of salt has been proposed as a strategy to control these problems. In preparation for an intervention trial to assess the nutritional effects of folic acid‐fortified salt, we measured discretionary salt intakes among nonpregnant WRA using observed weighed food records, and we assessed household salt disappearance rates. We estimated the distribution of usual discretionary salt intake by adjusting for intra‐individual variability using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method, and we simulated the potential effects of two levels of folic acid fortification (30 and 90 ppm folic acid) on folic acid intakes. Mean ± SD of usual discretionary salt intake was 6.8 ± 1.9 g/day. At the 95th percentile of usual discretionary salt intake, the higher fortification level would provide 918 µg folic acid/day, which is less than the tolerable upper intake level of 1000 µg/day. At the 5th percentile of usual discretionary salt intake, the lower fortification level would provide 124 µg folic acid/day, which should produce a statistically significant increase in red blood cell folate concentration. Estimated household salt utilization was 8.8 ± 6.1 g/person/day. These findings inform plans for a randomized, dose–response intervention trial of folic acid‐fortified salt and a possible future national program to mandate folic acid fortification of refined, edible salt in Ethiopia.
Microbiota Composition Associates With Mosquito Productivity Outcomes in Belowground Larval Habitats
Authors: Zhao Serena Y. , Sommer Andrew J. , Bartlett Dan , Harbison Justin E. , Irwin Patrick , Coon Kerri L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVector mosquitoes are well‐adapted to habitats in urban areas, including belowground infrastructure such as stormwater systems. As a major source of larval habitat in population centers, control of larval populations in stormwater catch basins is an important tool for control of vector‐borne disease. Larval development and adult phenotypes driving vectorial capacity in mosquitoes are modulated by the larval gut microbiota, which is recruited from the aquatic environment in which larvae develop. Laboratory studies have quantified microbe‐mediated impacts on individual mosquito phenotypes, but more work is needed to characterise how microbiota variation shapes population‐level outcomes. Here, we evaluated the relationship between habitat microbiota variation and mosquito population dynamics by simultaneously characterising microbiota diversity, water quality, and mosquito productivity in a network of stormwater catch basins in the Chicago metropolitan area. High throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons from water samples collected from 60 basins over an entire mosquito breeding season detected highly diverse bacterial communities that varied with measures of water quality and over time. In situ measurements of mosquito abundance in the same basins further varied by microbiota composition and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Altogether, these results illustrate the importance of habitat microbiota in shaping ecological processes that affect mosquito populations. They also lay the foundation for future studies to characterise the mechanisms by which specific bacterial taxa impact individual and population‐level phenotypes related to mosquito vectorial capacity.
“It's your curse”: Perspectives on Philippine human remains in US museums
Authors: de la Cruz Deirdre , Punzalan Ricardo L. , Rhead Kristi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article examines the ethical, cultural, and legal challenges surrounding the collection and repatriation of Philippine human remains housed in US museums, with a particular focus on the University of Michigan's Museum of Anthropological Archaeology (UMMAA). Using a participatory focus group methodology, the research engages diverse stakeholders, including individuals of Filipino and Indigenous descent, community organizers, cultural and curatorial experts, and legal professionals, highlighting multifaceted perspectives on human remains from the Philippines. In examining materialist, cultural, spiritual, and legal angles, and ultimately underscoring the moral burden of holding such remains, the article advocates for reparative approaches toward improved curation, creation of culturally appropriate rituals, and meaningful engagement with both Philippine‐based and diasporic communities. These findings also contribute to broader discussions on reparative justice and decolonial methodologies in museum contexts by offering a nuanced perspective on the repatriation debate and proposing actionable steps even when immediate repatriation is not feasible.
Genome‐Wide DNA Methylation Identifies Potential Disease‐Specific Biomarkers and Pathophysiologic Mechanisms in Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Celiac Disease
Authors: Mahurkar‐Joshi Swapna , Thompson Mike , Villarruel Elizza , Lewis James D. , Lin Lisa D. , Farid Mary , Nayeb‐Hashemi Hamed , Storage Tina , Weiss Guy A. , Limketkai Berkeley N. , Sauk Jenny S. , Mayer Emeran A. , Chang Lin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and celiac disease (CeD) present with similar gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. DNA methylation‐based biomarkers have not been investigated as diagnostic biomarkers to classify these disorders. We aimed to study DNA methylation profiles of IBS, IBD, CeD, and healthy controls (HC), develop machine learning‐based classifiers, and identify associated gene ontology (GO) terms.MethodsGenome‐wide DNA methylation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 315 patients with IBS, IBD, CeD, and HC was measured using Illumina's 450K or EPIC arrays. A methylation dataset on 304 IBD and HC samples was used for external validation. Differential methylation was measured using general linear models. Classifiers were developed using penalized generalized linear models using double cross‐validation controlling for confounders. Functional enrichment was assessed using GO.ResultsThree hundred and fifteen participants (148 IBS, 47 IBD, 34 CeD, and 86 HC) had DNA methylation data. IBS‐IBD and IBD‐CeD showed the highest number of differentially methylated CpG sites followed by IBD‐HC, CeD‐HC, and IBS‐HC. IBS‐associated genes were enriched in cell adhesion and neuronal pathways, while IBD‐ and CeD‐associated markers were enriched in inflammation and MHC class II pathways, respectively (p < 0.05). Classification performances assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for IBS‐IBD, IBS‐CeD, and IBD‐CeD were 0.80 (95% CI = 0.7–0.87, p = 6.75E‐10), 0.78 (95% CI = 0.68–0.86, p = 4.57E‐10), and 0.73 (95% CI = 0.62–0.83, p = 0.03), respectively. The performance of IBD‐HC was successfully validated using external data (AUC = 0.74 [95% CI = 68–0.80, p < 0.001]).ConclusionsBlood‐based DNA methylation biomarkers can potentially distinguish chronic GI disorders that present with similar symptoms. GO suggested functional significance of the classifiers in disease‐specific pathology.
A Software Framework for the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe—Mechanics (MechView)
Authors: Halder Sourav , Kou Wenjun , Goudie Eric , Kahrilas Peter J. , Patankar Neelesh A. , Carlson Dustin A. , Pandolfino John E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) has proven to be a versatile device for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders and estimating esophageal wall compliance, but there is a lack of viable software for quantitative assessment of FLIP measurements.MethodsA Python‐based web framework was developed for a unified assessment of FLIP measurements including clinical metrics such as esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility index (DI), maximum EGJ opening diameter, mechanics‐based metrics for estimating strength, and effectiveness of contractions, such as contraction power and displaced volume, and machine learning‐based clustering and predictive algorithms such as the virtual disease landscape (VDL) and EGJ obstruction probability. The clinical and VDL probability metrics were then validated using FLIP data from 121 subjects constituting different categories of EGJ opening which were diagnosed by expert clinicians.ResultsThe clinical metrics estimated by the framework matched the manual diagnosis of the clinicians. Misclassifications were minimal and were mostly between neighboring groups, that is, normal and borderline normal or borderline normal and borderline reduced EGJ opening. Similar results were also obtained for the VDL probability metrics. The misclassifications were further analyzed by clinicians and approved.ConclusionThe FLIP web framework was developed and validated to reliably estimate various clinical, mechanical, and machine learning‐based metrics for diagnosing esophageal motility disorders.
CsIREH1 phosphorylation regulates DELLA protein affecting plant height in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Authors: Zhao Hongjiao , Sun Piaoyun , Tong Can , Li Xiangbao , Yang Tongwen , Jiang Yanxin , Zhao Bosi , Dong Junyang , Jiang Biao , Shen Junjun , Li Zheng 
Published: December 2024

Summary

Plant height is a critical agronomic trait that affects crop yield, plant architecture, and environmental adaptability. Gibberellins (GAs) regulate plant height, with DELLA proteins acting as key repressors in the GA signaling pathway by inhibiting GA‐induced growth. While DELLA phosphorylation is essential for regulating plant height, the precise mechanisms underlying this process remain incompletely understood.

In this study, we identified a cucumber mutant with delayed growth, which exhibited reduced sensitivity to GA treatment. Through bulked segregant analysis (BSA‐seq) combined with molecular marker linkage analysis, we successfully identified and cloned the gene responsible for the dwarf phenotype, CsIREH1 (INCOMPLETE ROOT HAIR ELONGATION 1), which encodes an AGC protein kinase.

Further research revealed that CsIREH1 interacts with and phosphorylates DELLA proteins, specifically targeting CsGAIP and CsGAI2. We propose that IREH1‐dependent phosphorylation of DELLA proteins prevents their excessive accumulation, thereby maintaining normal plant growth.

Therefore, investigating the role of IREH1‐mediated DELLA phosphorylation provides valuable insights and theoretical foundations for understanding how plants regulate growth mechanisms.
Temperature governs the relative contributions of cuticle and stomata to leaf minimum conductance
Authors: Garen Josef C. , Michaletz Sean T. 
Published: December 2024

Summary
During periods of stomatal closure, such as drought, plant leaves continue to lose water at a rate determined by the minimum leaf conductance, gmin. Although gmin varies with temperature, less is known about what drives this variation, including how the pathways of water loss (cuticle or stomata) vary with temperature.
We used gas exchange and bench drying methods to measure gmin and cuticular conductance, gcw, across a wide temperature range (20–50°C) in 11 broadleaf species. Vapour pressure deficit (VPD) covaried with temperature from 0.83 to 10.7 kPa.
The dominant pathway of water loss for gmin shifted from stomatal transpiration towards cuticular transpiration as temperature increased. Leaf traits had variable, temperature‐dependent relationships with gmin and gcw, with trait–conductance relationships being generally stronger at higher temperatures. Cuticular thickness varied inversely with high‐temperature gcw. Simulation results showed that gcw may impact photosynthetic capacity estimates, particularly in species with low stomatal conductance.
The pathways of water loss in leaves during times of stomatal closure depend strongly on temperature. This effect may have large implications for landscape‐scale water balance modelling and improving gas exchange measurements. We propose variation in VPD as a potential contributing factor in gmin and gcw variation among studies.
Managers in the Era of Digital Transformation: Navigating the Dual Realities of Time
Authors: Focacci Chiara N. , Pichault François , Rondeaux Giseline 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn a professional world that demands instantaneity and immediate availability, digitalisation affects not only the way we work, but also the way we think about work. In this article, we explore how the introduction of new technologies in Belgian companies specialised in different sectors impacts managers as regards their concept of time. We do so by analysing in‐depth interviews and providing qualitative evidence of managerial perspectives. In particular, we investigate the extent to which digital tools generate changes in time in relationship to work. We find that, on the one hand, digitalisation i) decreases time available due to the rising levels of work pace, workload, and people management. On the other hand, digitalization ii) increases time available due to major managerial tasks being substituted by the technology itself. The time saved transforms into either productive and creative time, or ‘emptiness’ for managers.
Bypassing the Limitations of Algorithmic Management via Out‐of‐App Activities and the Emergence of Opportunistic Agency in the Swedish Gig economy
Authors: Öborn David Regin , MacKenzie Robert , Örnebring Henrik , Van Couvering Elizabeth 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the limitations of using algorithmic management on gig platforms in the Swedish basic service sector. We critically examine how the behaviour of all three actors in the triangular relationship between worker, platform and client deviated from the logic of app‐based competitive bidding over the allocation of work; each being agential in bypassing the algorithmic management to engage in out‐of‐app activity. Our findings suggest the utility and limitations of algorithms differ between sectors of the gig economy. Crucially, the paper contributes to debates on gig worker agency by introducing the concept of opportunistic agency in the analysis of worker non‐compliance. In focusing on more instrumental motivations for out‐of‐app activity our analysis offers a critical perspective on the pervasiveness, omnipotence and universality of algorithmic management.