bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of coffee and cocoa-based confectionery containing coffee on markers of cardiometabolic health: results from the pocket-4-life project
Authors: Martini Daniela , Rosi Alice , Tassotti Michele , Antonini Monica , Dall’Asta Margherita , Bresciani Letizia , Fantuzzi Federica , Spigoni Valentina , Domínguez-Perles Raúl , Angelino Donato , Ricci Cristian , Del Pozo-Luengo Soledad , Tornel Pedro Luis , Scazzina Francesca , Gil-Izquierdo Angel , Dei Cas Alessandra , Brighenti Furio , Bonadonna Riccardo , Del Rio Daniele , Mena Pedro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Coffee is an important source of bioactive compounds, including caffeine, trigonelline, and phenolic compounds. Several studies have highlighted the preventive effects of coffee consumption on major cardiometabolic (CM) diseases, but the impact of different coffee dosages on markers of CM risk in a real-life setting has not been fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of coffee and cocoa-based confectionery containing coffee consumption on several CM risk factors in healthy subjects.

Methods
In a three-arm, crossover, randomized trial, 21 volunteers were assigned to consume in a random order for 1 month: 1 cup of espresso coffee/day, 3 cups of espresso coffee/day, and 1 cup of espresso coffee plus 2 cocoa-based products containing coffee, twice per day. At the last day of each treatment, blood samples were collected and used for the analysis of inflammatory markers, trimethylamine N-oxide, nitric oxide, blood lipids, and markers of glucose/insulin metabolism. Moreover, anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured. Finally, food consumption during the interventions was monitored.

Results
After 1 month, energy intake did not change among treatments, while significant differences were observed in the intake of saturated fatty acids, sugars, and total carbohydrates. No significant effect on CM markers was observed following neither the consumption of different coffee dosages nor after cocoa-based products containing coffee.

Conclusions
The daily consumption of common dosages of coffee and its substitution with cocoa-based products containing coffee showed no effect on CM risk factors in healthy subjects.

Trial registration number
Registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03166540, May 21, 2017.
Opportunities, risks and challenges in global mental health and population neuroscience: a case of Sino-German cooperation
Authors: Liu Shuyan , Müller Sabine , Dolan Raymond J. , Zhao Xudong , Zheng Jialin C. , Heinz Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLarge scale prospective cohorts have now been established across several countries, and continents, and among the aims include an assessment of the developmental trajectory of mental disorders. This level of international cooperation helps transfer research findings to new social contexts as well as enabling an assessment of which findings can be replicated, and which interventions are most effective, in different social and cultural settings. However, data sharing across different regional and national health care systems requires a careful consideration of different standards in ethical research, data protection and patient care, including respect for patients’ rights, in cooperating jurisdictions. In our review, we discuss ethical, legal and practical challenges associated with such cooperation with a focus on research participants, specifically patient recruitment, by considering the instance of China and Germany. Our broader aim is to promote international cooperation by identifying key challenges that arise in international cooperation, and to facilitate an exchange in relation to legal and practical approaches.
Using Monte Carlo methods for Hp(0.07) values assessment during the handling of 18F-FDG
Authors: Albiniak Łukasz , Wrzesień Małgorzata 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe dose limit for the skin of the hand is typically converted to a surface of 1 cm2, which means that one needs to measure point doses in different places on the hand. However, the commonly used method of measuring doses on the hand, i.e., using a dosimetric ring including one or several thermoluminescent detectors worn at the base of a finger, is not adequate for manual procedures such as labeling or radiopharmaceutical injection. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to create and conduct a series of computer simulations that, by recreating the actual working conditions, would provide information on the values of ionizing radiation doses received by the most exposed parts of the hands of employees of radiopharmaceutical production facilities, as well as those of nurses during the injection of radiopharmaceuticals. The simulations were carried out using Monte Carlo radiation transport calculations. The Hp(0.07) personal dose equivalent values obtained for the fingertips of the index and middle fingers of nursing staff and chemists were within the range limited by the minimum and maximum Hp(0.07) values obtained as a result of dosimetric measurements carried out in diagnostic and production centers. Only in the case of the nurse’s fingertip, the simulated value of Hp(0.07 slightly exceeded the measured maximum Hp(0.07) value. The comparison of measured and simulated dose values showed that the largest differences in Hp(0.07) values occurred at the thumb tip, and for ring finger and middle finger of some of the nurses investigated.
Emotion recognition of morphed facial expressions in presymptomatic and symptomatic frontotemporal dementia, and Alzheimer’s dementia
Authors: Jiskoot Lize C. , Poos Jackie M. , Vollebergh Manon E. , Franzen Sanne , van Hemmen Judy , Papma Janne M. , van Swieten John C. , Kessels Roy P. C. , van den Berg Esther 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The emotion recognition task (ERT) was developed to overcome shortcomings of static emotion recognition paradigms, by identifying more subtle deficits in emotion recognition across different intensity levels. In this study, we used the ERT to investigate emotion recognition deficits across the frontotemporal (FTD) and Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) spectrum.

Methods
With the ERT, we assessed the recognition of facial emotional expressions (anger-disgust-fear-happiness-sadness-surprise) across four intensities (40–60–80–100%) in patients with behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD; n = 32), and AD (n = 32), presymptomatic FTD mutation carriers (n = 47) and controls (n = 49). We examined group differences using multilevel linear regression with age, sex and education level as covariates, and performed post hoc analyses on presymptomatic (MAPT, GRN and C9orf72) mutation carriers. Classification abilities were investigated by means of logistic regression.

Results
Lowest ERT total scores were found in patients with bvFTD and AD, whereas equal highest performance was found in presymptomatic mutation carriers and controls. For all emotions, significantly lower subscores were found in patients with bvFTD than in presymptomatic mutation carriers and in controls (highest p value = 0.025). Patients with bvFTD performed lower than patients with AD on anger (p = 0.005) and a trend towards significance was found for a lower performance on happiness (p = 0.065). Task performance increased with higher emotional intensity, and classification was better at the lowest than at the highest intensity. C9orf72 mutation carriers performed worse on recognizing anger at the lowest intensity than GRN mutation carriers (p = 0.047) and controls (p = 0.038). The ERT differentiated between patients with bvFTD and controls, and between patients with AD and controls (both p < 0.001).

Discussion
Our results demonstrate emotion recognition deficits in both bvFTD and AD, and suggest the presence of subtle emotion recognition changes in presymptomatic C9orf72-FTD. This highlights the importance of incorporating emotion recognition paradigms into standard neuropsychological assessment for early differential diagnosis, and as clinical endpoints in upcoming therapeutic trials.
Environmental factors influencing fine-scale distribution of Antarctica’s only endemic insect
Authors: Potts Leslie J. , Gantz J. D. , Kawarasaki Yuta , Philip Benjamin N. , Gonthier David J. , Law Audrey D. , Moe Luke , Unrine Jason M. , McCulley Rebecca L. , Lee Richard E. , Denlinger David L. , Teets Nicholas M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSpecies distributions are dependent on interactions with abiotic and biotic factors in the environment. Abiotic factors like temperature, moisture, and soil nutrients, along with biotic interactions within and between species, can all have strong influences on spatial distributions of plants and animals. Terrestrial Antarctic habitats are relatively simple and thus good systems to study ecological factors that drive species distributions and abundance. However, these environments are also sensitive to perturbation, and thus understanding the ecological drivers of species distribution is critical for predicting responses to environmental change. The Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica, is the only endemic insect on the continent and has a patchy distribution along the Antarctic Peninsula. While its life history and physiology are well studied, factors that underlie variation in population density within its range are unknown. Previous work on Antarctic microfauna indicates that distribution over broad scales is primarily regulated by soil moisture, nitrogen content, and the presence of suitable plant life, but whether these patterns are true over smaller spatial scales has not been investigated. Here we sampled midges across five islands on the Antarctic Peninsula and tested a series of hypotheses to determine the relative influences of abiotic and biotic factors on midge abundance. While historical literature suggests that Antarctic organisms are limited by the abiotic environment, our best-supported hypothesis indicated that abundance is predicted by a combination of abiotic and biotic conditions. Our results are consistent with a growing body of literature that biotic interactions are more important in Antarctic ecosystems than historically appreciated.
The effect of smoking on bariatric surgical 30-day outcomes: propensity-score-matched analysis of the MBSAQIP
Authors: Janik Michał R. , Aryaie Amir H. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The exact impact of smoking within the last 12 months on the safety outcome of sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-Y gastric bypass is not well known. The study aimed to assess the effects of smoking on 30-day surgical outcomes.

Methods
Preoperative characteristics and outcomes from the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program dataset 2015–2018 were selected for all patients who underwent primary sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-Y gastric bypass. 30-day postoperative outcomes were assessed. We used propensity score matching to control for potential confounding.

Results
In laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy group, 29 165 pairs were included in the analysis. Smoking increased risk for inpatients readmission rate (3.67% vs. 3.10%; RR, 1.18; 95%CI 1.08–1.29, p < 0.001), intervention rate (1.03% vs. 0.84%; RR, 1.22; 95%CI 1.00–1.24, p = 0.020), reoperation rate (0.99% vs. 0.79%; RR, 1.25; 95%CI 1.05–1.48, p = 0.010), and leak rate (0.59% vs. 0.32%; RR, 1.83; 95%CI 1.43–2.37, p < 0.001). In laparoscopic Roux-Y gastric bypass cohort,11 895 pairs were included in the ultimate analysis. Smoking increased risk for inpatients readmission rate (7.54% vs. 5.88%; RR, 1.28; 95%CI 1.16–1.41, p < 0.001), intervention rate (3.53% vs. 2.30%; RR, 1.54; 95%CI 1.32–1.80, p < 001), reoperation rate (3.17% vs. 1.86%; RR, 1.70; 95%CI 1.45–2.00, p < 0.001), leak rate (1.05% vs. 0.59%; RR, 1.78; 95%CI 1.33–2.39, p < 0.001), bleed rate (2.03% vs. 1.45%; RR, 1.39; 95%CI 1.15–1.69, p < 0.001), and morbidity (4.20% vs. 3.38%; RR, 1.24; 95%CI 1.09–1.41, p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Smoking cigarettes at any point within the 12 months before admission for surgery increased the risk for surgical short-term complications in bariatric patients. The effect was the most significant regarding leaks.
Delivery of a nutritional prescription by enteral tube feeding in children with chronic kidney disease stages 2–5 and on dialysis—clinical practice recommendations from the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce
Authors: Rees Lesley , Shaw Vanessa , Qizalbash Leila , Anderson Caroline , Desloovere An , Greenbaum Laurence , Haffner Dieter , Nelms Christina , Oosterveld Michiel , Paglialonga Fabio , Polderman Nonnie , Renken-Terhaerdt José , Tuokkola Jetta , Warady Bradley , Walle Johan Van de , Shroff Rukshana ,   on behalf of the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe nutritional prescription (whether in the form of food or liquid formulas) may be taken orally when a child has the capacity for spontaneous intake by mouth, but may need to be administered partially or completely by nasogastric tube or gastrostomy device (“enteral tube feeding”). The relative use of each of these methods varies both within and between countries. The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce (PRNT), an international team of pediatric renal dietitians and pediatric nephrologists, has developed clinical practice recommendations (CPRs) based on evidence where available, or on the expert opinion of the Taskforce members, using a Delphi process to seek consensus from the wider community of experts in the field. We present CPRs for delivery of the nutritional prescription via enteral tube feeding to children with chronic kidney disease stages 2–5 and on dialysis. We address the types of enteral feeding tubes, when they should be used, placement techniques, recommendations and contraindications for their use, and evidence for their effects on growth parameters. Statements with a low grade of evidence, or based on opinion, must be considered and adapted for the individual patient by the treating physician and dietitian according to their clinical judgement. Research recommendations have been suggested. The CPRs will be regularly audited and updated by the PRNT.
Does health securitization affect the role of global surgery?
Authors: Metelmann Isabella B. , Flessa Steffen , Busemann Alexandra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim
More and more frequently outbreaks of infectious diseases force the international community to urgent health action and lead to an increasing security focus on global health. Considering the limiting character of resource allocation, all other medical conditions must compete with the top spot of health security matters, as we currently see with the outbreak of COVID-19. Surgery is an integral part of universal health offering life-saving therapy for a variety of illnesses. Amidst the increasing nexus of infectious diseases and health security and in the view of Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC), is there a risk of global surgery falling behind?

Subject and Methods
While the global undersupply of surgical care is well recorded, contextual explanations are absent. Our research introduces the constructivist concept of securitization according to the Copenhagen School to explain the structural handicap of global surgery and by that presents a structural explanation. We investigate the securitizing potential of surgical diseases in comparison to infectious diseases.

Results
Surgical conditions are non-contagious without the risk for disease outbreaks, hardly preventable and their treatment is often infrastructurally demanding. These key features mark their low securitizing potential. Additionally, as PHEIC is the only securitizing institution in the realm of health, infectious diseases have a privileged role in health security.

Conclusion
Surgery substantially lacks securitizing potential in comparison to communicable diseases and by that is structurally given an inferior position in a securitized health order.
MaxHadoop: An Efficient Scalable Emulation Tool to Test SDN Protocols in Emulated Hadoop Environments
Authors: Calcaterra Claudio , Carmenini Alessio , Marotta Andrea , Bucci Ubaldo , Cassioli Dajana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents MaxHadoop, a flexible and scalable emulation tool, which allows the efficient and accurate emulation of Hadoop environments over Software Defined Networks (SDNs). Hadoop has been designed to manage endless data-streams over networks, making it a tailored candidate to support the new class of network services belonging to Big Data. The development of Hadoop is contemporary with the evolution of networks towards the new architectures “Software Defined.” To create our emulation environment, tailored to SDNs, we employ MaxiNet, given its capability of emulating large-scale SDNs. We make it possible to emulate realistic Hadoop scenarios on large-scale SDNs using low-cost commodity hardware, by resolving a few key limitations of MaxiNet through appropriate configuration settings. We validate the MaxHadoop emulator by executing two benchmarks, namely WordCount and TeraSort, to evaluate a set of Key Performance Indicators. The tests’ outcomes evidence that MaxHadoop outperforms other existing emulation tools running over commodity hardware. Finally, we show the potentiality of MaxHadoop by utilizing it to perform a comparison of SDN-based network protocols.
Prospective Pathways to Depressive Symptoms and Disordered Eating in Adolescence: A 7-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Lewis-Smith Helena , Bray Isabelle , Salmon Debra , Slater Amy 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEating pathology and depressive symptoms increase during adolescence, yet predictive pathways remain predominantly unexplored, despite their implications for prevention. The present study aimed to identify shared risk factors for eating pathology and depressive symptoms by evaluating an adapted Dual-Pathway Model of disordered eating, which postulated that higher BMI would predict disordered eating and depressive symptoms via pathways between body dissatisfaction, later BMI, depressive symptoms, and visible indicators of puberty (breast development for girls, height for boys). The participants were 8915 children (49% girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a population-based cohort study of British children, who were assessed at different intervals between the age of 7 to 14 years. Path analyses revealed that, for girls, childhood BMI exerted indirect effects on disordered eating via body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, and more advanced breast development, with indirect pathways identified to depressive symptoms via earlier depressive symptoms and more advanced breast development. For boys, childhood BMI had indirect effects on disordered eating via later BMI and body dissatisfaction, while only earlier depressive symptoms were found to have an independent and direct effect on adolescent depressive symptoms. This study reveals shared and independent risk factors for eating pathology and depressive symptoms in adolescence and suggests targets for preventative interventions, including higher BMI, body dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms, in addition to advanced breast development, for girls.
A quantum approach to twice-repeated $$2\times 2$$ game
Authors: Rycerz Katarzyna , Frąckiewicz Piotr 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis work proposes an extension of the well-known Eisert–Wilkens–Lewenstein scheme for playing a twice repeated $$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

game using a single quantum system with ten maximally entangled qubits. The proposed scheme is then applied to the Prisoner’s Dilemma game. Rational strategy profiles are examined in the presence of limited awareness of the players. In particular, the paper considers two cases of a classical player against a quantum player game: the first case when the classical player does not know that his opponent is a quantum one and the second case, when the classical player is aware of it. To this end, the notion of unawareness was used, and the extended Nash equilibria were determined.
Impact of Resection Volume/Stapler Firings-Ratio on Perioperative Complications and Weight Loss After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Della Penna Andrea , Lange Jessica , Archid Rami , Hönes Felix , Königsrainer Alfred , Quante Markus 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Major postoperative morbidity after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is often related to staple line leaks (SLL). Of note, a recent study suggested a central role of the absolute numbers of stapler firings as a predictive factor for postoperative morbidity due to SLL. In addition, a larger gastric remnant volume could be responsible for lower weight loss after LSG, and nevertheless, the gastric resection volume (GRV) is strictly related to the residual volume.

Methods
Prospectively, collected data of 384 consecutive patients with complete follow-up at 12 months after LSG at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were stratified according to three different variables (i.e., number of stapler firings, GRV, and GRV/stapler firings-ratio), and respective impact on postoperative complications and weight loss was analyzed.

Results
High absolute number of stapler firings was linked to increased intraoperative and postoperative bleeding and prolonged hospitalization, but was not associated with SLL, transfusion rate or revisional procedures. Absolute GRV showed no impact on both complications and outcome after LSG. Interestingly, higher ratio of GRV/stapler firings was not only linked to decreased intraoperative bleeding and shorter hospital stay but also to higher Excess Body Mass Index Loss (EBMIL) at 12 months after LSG.

Conclusions
Here, we introduce GRV/stapler firings-ratio as a simple predictive factor for identifying patients at risk for postoperative complications and impaired weight loss that is superior compared with absolute number of stapler firings or GRV alone.
Impact of MindUP Among Young Children: Improvements in Behavioral Problems, Adaptive Skills, and Executive Functioning
Authors: Crooks Claire V. , Bax Karen , Delaney Andrea , Kim Haesoo , Shokoohi Mostafa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives
We evaluated the impacts of a mindfulness-based social and emotional learning (SEL) program on behavioral problems, adaptive skills, and executive functioning among kindergarten students.

Methods
A total of 23 classrooms were assigned to the intervention group, in which the teachers implemented MindUP, and 19 classrooms were assigned to the comparison group, in which the teachers delivered their classes as usual. Teachers assessed the behavior of students (N = 584; intervention n = 261; comparison n = 323) both pre- and post-intervention with two measures: the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition, Teacher Rating Scales (BASC-3 TRS) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool and Child Version (BRIEF-P; BRIEF-2).

Results
Students who received the intervention demonstrated an improvement in adaptive skills and reduction in behavioral symptoms, internalizing composite, and externalizing composite outcomes. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in executive functioning deficits among students who participated in MindUP. There were no gender differences regarding changes in any of the five study outcomes.

Conclusions
The study suggests that mindfulness-based SEL intervention can improve psychosocial and behavioral outcomes in young children.