bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to heal their psychological wounds? Effectiveness of EMDR therapy on post‐traumatic stress symptoms, mind‐wandering and suicidal ideation in Iranian child abuse victims
Authors: Jamshidi Fateme , Rajabi Soran , Dehghani Yousef 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChild abuse is increasingly known to be a risk factor for health in children across any nationality worldwide. Studies in this area have shown that child abuse, as a traumatic event, can lead to symptoms of PTSD, mind‐wandering and also suicidal ideation in adulthood. Although studies have shown significant effects of EMDR on a reduction in psychological symptoms in individuals with a history of trauma, further studies are needed regarding the specific effect of this treatment on reducing PTSD symptoms, suicidal ideations and mind‐wandering in female victims of child abuse. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of EMDR therapy on reducing PTSD symptoms, suicidal ideations and mind‐wandering in female victims of child abuse. Thirty female victims were assigned to either EMDR or waiting list control in a randomised, double‐blind trial. The participants in the EMDR group attended eight twice‐weekly sessions. The participants were examined in pre‐test and post‐test with Civilian Mississippi Scale for PTSD (CMS), Child Abuse and Self‐Report Scale (CASRS), Mind‐Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ), Beck Scale for suicidal ideation (BSSI) and Brief Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES‐B). Results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that EMDR had a significant effect on reducing PTSD symptoms with an effect size of 0.72, suicidal ideations with an effect size of 0.53, and mind‐wandering with an effect size of 0.19. It can be concluded that this treatment is effective in improving PTSD, suicidal ideations and mind‐wandering in female victims of child abuse.
Don't forget the context when you are talking about organ donation: Social representations, shared mood and behaviour
Authors: Moloney Gail , Sutherland Michael , Bowling Alison , Upcroft Leah , Jagdish Parul P. , Walker Iain , Norton Maddison 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe tenuous relationship between beliefs and behaviour is well known. What is less well‐known is how the context in which beliefs are elicited affects the salience of those beliefs and their subsequent effect on behaviour. Drawing from a dialogical approach within social representations theory, beliefs about organ donation were conceptualised as contradictory and interdependent. The context we examined was the collectively‐shared, positively charged mood at the pre‐game events of a sporting Grand Final. Two hundred and seventeen participants, who had not previously registered on the Australian Organ Donor Register (AODR), completed a survey measuring positive and negative beliefs about organ donation followed by an on‐the‐spot opportunity to register their donation decision on the AODR. Using Generalised Structural Equation Modelling, we show the salience of positive beliefs about organ donation increased with the strength of the positively shared mood; positive beliefs were negatively correlated with negative beliefs about organ donation, and the strength of negative beliefs in turn predicted the probability of registration. Positive beliefs were unrelated to registration. The findings highlight the role of themata in contradictory social thought, and how the context in which people consider organ donation can affect how people to they think about organ donation and subsequently their registration behaviour.
Follicular lymphoma associated paraneoplastic myositis
Authors: Melody Megan , Parrondo Ricardo , Alhaj Moustafa Muhamad , Wu Kevin , Menke David , Seim Lynsey , Tun Han W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis case illustrates an unusual presentation of paraneoplastic myositis in stage IV follicular lymphoma managed with high‐dose steroids, a previously unreported entity in the literature.
Regression of CD30‐positive large cell transformation arising on patch lesion of early mycosis fungoides
Authors: Kubo Naoko , Itoh Munenari , Watanabe Yoshinori , Nobeyama Yoshimasa , Asahina Akihiko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCD30‐positive large cell transformation that occurs in early mycosis fungoides potentially possesses characteristics of spontaneous regression as with CD30‐positive lymphoproliferative disorders. Such transformation may not relate to poor prognosis.
Using photoelectron elliptical dichroism (PEELD) to determine real‐time variation of enantiomeric excess
Authors: Comby Antoine , Bond Caoimhe M.M. , Bloch Etienne , Descamps Dominique , Fabre Baptiste , Petit Stephane , Mairesse Yann , Greenwood Jason B. , Blanchet Valerie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, the photoionization of chiral molecules by an elliptically polarized, high repetition rate, femtosecond laser is probed. The resulting 3D photoelectron angular distribution shows a strong forward–backward asymmetry, which is highly dependent not only on the molecular structure but also on the ellipticity of the laser pulse. By continuously varying the laser ellipticity, we can observe molecular and enantiomer changes in real time at a previously unseen speed and precision. The technique allows enantiomeric excess of a pure compound to be measured with a 5% precision within 3 s, and a 10‐min acquisition yields a precision of 0.4%. The isomers camphor and fenchone can be easily distinguished, unlike with conventional mass spectrometry. Preliminary results for the pharmaceutically interesting ibuprofen are also given, showing the capability of photoionization as a means of distinguishing larger molecular systems.
Asymmetric Catalytic [3+2] Annulation of Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropane with Cyclic Ketones: Facile Access to Enantioenriched 1‐Oxaspiro[4.5]decanes†
Authors: Zheng Zhong‐Bo , Cheng Wen‐Fu , Wang Lijia , Zhu Jun , Sun Xiu‐Li , Tang Yong 
Published: July 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionA copper catalyzed enantioselective [3+2] annulation of donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes with cyclic ketones has been developed, providing a concise protocol to enantioenriched 1‐oxaspiro[4.5]decanes in up to 98% yield with up to >99/1 dr and up to 92% ee. In addition, this method also provides a facile access to the enantioselective desymmetrisation of various 4‐substituted cyclohexanones. The resulting products were easily converted to the core structures of two natural products Heliespirones A and halogenated sesquiterpene isolated from L. saitoi.
Efficient Detection and Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Cyclodextrin‐Modified Cellulose
Authors: Racicot Joan M. , Mako Teresa L. , Healey Anna , Hos Beria , Levine Mindy 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCovalent functionalization of cellulose with β‐cyclodextrin by succinic acid‐promoted cross‐linking leads to a dual‐function material that efficiently promotes proximity‐induced energy transfer from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to squaraine fluorophores with high quantum yields, and removes PAHs from aqueous solution through non‐covalent binding. This material, which possesses a high functionalization density (0.17 μg/mm2 of cyclodextrin on cellulose), promotes energy transfer efficiencies as high as 58 % (for an anthracene donor in combination with a squaraine fluorophore acceptor), and leads to the removal of up to 91 % of a PAH (pyrene) from aqueous solution by mixing of the solution with the functionalized material. Overall, the high performance of this material in both proximity‐induced energy transfer and the removal of PAHs from water means that such a method has significant potential impact in a variety of real‐world environmental remediation scenarios.
Behavioral symptoms of eating disorders among adopted adolescents and young adults in the United States: Findings from the Add Health survey
Authors: Rossman Setareh M. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Franko Debra L. , Rose Jennifer , DuBois Russell , Weissman Ruth Striegel , Dierker Lisa C. , Thomas Jennifer J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveMore adopted individuals report experiencing general psychopathology, poor parental attachment, and early childhood eating difficulties than nonadopted individuals, yet little is known about disordered eating in this population. This study sought to describe the relationship between adoption status and behavioral eating‐disorder (ED) symptoms, and to examine potential correlates of ED symptoms that are unique to adopted individuals.MethodWe examined data from adolescents and young adults from Waves 1 (nadopted = 561, nonadopted = 20,184), 2 (nadopted = 211, nonadopted = 14,525), and 3 (nadopted = 416, nonadopted = 14,754) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. ED symptom items included dieting, breakfast skipping, binge eating, extreme weight loss behaviors (EWLBs; i.e., self‐induced vomiting, laxative use, diet pill use) and lifetime ED diagnosis.ResultsCompared to nonadopted individuals, adopted individuals were more likely to report EWLBs at Wave 2 and binge eating and lifetime ED diagnosis at Wave 3 (ps < .05). Among adopted individuals, contact with a biological parent was associated with higher rates of binge eating and lifetime ED diagnosis at Wave 3 (ps < .05), whereas age at adoption and having ever been in foster care were not associated with rates of ED symptoms.DiscussionThis study provides preliminary evidence that being adopted may be a risk factor for certain behavioral symptoms of EDs. Given the benefits of early detection and treatment of ED symptoms, mental health professionals working with adopted individuals should assess for disordered eating.
A review of the magnitude and response times for sediment yield reductions following the rehabilitation of gullied landscapes
Authors: Bartley Rebecca , Poesen Jean , Wilkinson Scott , Vanmaercke Matthias 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGully erosion is a major driver of elevated sediment yields across many areas of the globe, and considerable rehabilitation has occurred to reduce the amount of sediment eroded from gullies. However, compared to other forms of erosion, there has been little systematic review of the effectiveness of gully rehabilitation on reducing sediment yields.This study reviewed the global literature to provide an understanding of the potential sediment yield reductions that can occur following the rehabilitation of gullied landscapes. We focused on studies reporting a measured response on how gully and catchment sediment yield has changed since treatment. A total of 37 studies were found that met this criterion. The studies were partitioned into three broad categories, including those focused on: (i) treating the catchment above the gully; (ii) installing treatments in the actual gully channel; and (iii) a combination of approaches which include treating both the catchment and the gully channel.All the studies demonstrated a reduction in sediment yield following gully rehabilitation, with reported values ranging between 12 and 94%. The timeframes associated with the reductions in sediment yield varied considerably (2–80 years). Applying a variety of rehabilitation measures, which generally includes treating both the hillslope above the gully, and trapping sediment within the gully, appears to result in shorter (median) timescales for sediment yield reduction. Overall, this review indicates that gully rehabilitation strategies combining both engineering and vegetation measures are often the most successful. Engineering measures such as check dams are important for stabilizing sites in the early phases to support the revegetation of gullies and adjacent hillslopes. However, vegetation is the key to the long‐term success of gully rehabilitation. This is because many engineering structures eventually fail, or they have a limited life span as an active sediment trap. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
The Effect of Flooding and Drainage Duration on the Release of Trace Elements from Floodplain Soils
Authors: Kelly Thomas J. , Hamilton Elliott , Watts Michael J. , Ponting Jessica , Sizmur Tom 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Floodplains downstream of urban catchments are sinks for potentially toxic trace elements. An intensification of the hydrological cycle and changing land use will result in floodplains becoming inundated for longer durations in the future. We collected intact soil cores from a floodplain meadow downstream of an urban catchment and subjected them to an inundation/drainage cycle in the laboratory to investigate the effect of flood duration on trace element concentrations in the soil porewater. The porewater concentrations of Ni, Cr, and Zn increased, whereas Cu and Pb decreased with flood duration. All the Cr present in porewaters was identified as Cr(III). Copper concentrations increased after drainage but Pb mobility remained suppressed. Both pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased with flood duration but were lower in treatments that were drained for the longest duration (which were also the treatments flooded for the shortest duration). The porewater concentrations of Cr and Ni decreased after drainage to levels below those observed before inundation, mirroring the DOC concentrations. We concluded that the duration of floodplain inundation does have an influence on the environmental fate of trace elements but that flooding does not influence all trace elements in the same way. The implications of an intensification of the hydrological cycle over the coming decades are that floodplains may become a source of some trace elements to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2124–2135. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Extreme weather events that cause inundation of floodplains may result in the remobilization of historically deposited trace elements to the water column and an increase in trace element concentrations in rivers.
Inula racemosa and Digitalis purpurea from Kashmir: Fatty acid composition, antioxidant, antibacterial activities, and functional group evaluation
Authors: Rehman Nengroo Zubair , Rauf Abdul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInula racemosa Hook. f. and Digitalis purpurea L. are aromatic medicinal plants used in Ayurveda, possessing diuretic, antiseptic, antitumor, and various other therapeutic properties. This study determined fatty acid composition by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry in petroleum ether seed extracts. Moreover, antioxidant activity namely 2,2‐di‐phenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2ˈ‐azino‐bis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), catalase, peroxidase, and in vitro antibacterial activity, functional group analysis were carried on seeds extracted through petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol. Extracted yield (wt. %) of seeds was significantly high. Linoleic acid was the dominant fatty acid found in I racemosa 52.87% and D purpurea 73.36%. All extracts showed powerful antioxidant and antibacterial activities especially at 100 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy numerous functional groups were found in all extracts. Therefore, from above study the I racemosa and D purpurea seeds could have valuable application in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Analytical study of heat and mass transfer in unsteady MHD radiant flow of Williamson nanofluid over stretching sheet with heat generation and chemical reaction
Authors: Walelign Tadesse , Kebede Tesfaye , Haile Eshetu , Walelgn Assaye 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the analytical study of heat and mass transfer in a two‐dimensional time‐dependent flow of Williamson nanofluid near a permeable stretching sheet by considering the effects of external magnetic field, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, thermal radiation, heat source, and chemical reaction. Suitable transformations are introduced to reformulate the governing equations and the boundary conditions convenient for computation. The resulting sets of nonlinear differential equations are then solved by the homotopy analysis method. The study on the effects of relevant parameters on fluid velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles is analyzed and presented in graphical and tabular forms. Upon comparison of the present study with respect to some other previous studies, a very good agreement is obtained. The study points out that the transfer of heat can substantially be enhanced by decreasing viscoelasticity of the fluid and the transfer of mass can be facilitated by increasing permeability of the stretching sheet.
Thermal performance investigation of SWCNT and graphene quantum dots nanofluids in a shell and tube heat exchanger by using fin blade tubes
Authors: Rostami Mohammadreza Hasandust , Najafi Gholamhassan , Ghobadin Barat , Motevali Ali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe experimental study, thermal performance, and pressure drop of single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and graphene quantum dot (GQD) nanofluids in shell and tube heat exchanger with fin blade tubes are evaluated. The effects of the working fluid (water) volume flow rates ( 2.5–10 L/min), volume concentration of nanoparticles ( 0.0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%), Reynolds number of working fluid (Re = 850–3300), and tube building (heat exchanger with fin blade tubes and without fin blade tube) have been analyzed. Results represent that with augmentation of volume concentration of SWCNT nanoparticle up to 1%, heat transfer rate increases by ∼5% and then up to 5% volume concentration of SWCNT nanoparticle decreased about 17%, also this calculation for GQD nanoparticle conducted and results represented decreasing 6% and approximately unchanged heat transfer rate, respectively. With regard to obtained results, heat transfer rate of heat exchanger can be improved by using the fin blades by 188%, compered without fin blade heat exchanger also most related increase for pressure drop of heat exchanger was recorded about 80% for 5% SWCNT of nanofluid. At the end, the mean enhancement in effectiveness of heat exchanger with various concentrations of SWCNT and GQD nanofluids and using the fin blades is about over 100% and 85%, respectively. In fact, the present study shows that applying the new finned tubes in the heat exchanger has more impact, related to the mentioned nanoparticles on the thermal properties of heat exchanger.
Lung mechanics modifications facilitating metastasis are mediated in part by breast cancer‐derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Barenholz‐Cohen Tamar , Merkher Yulia , Haj Jozafina , Shechter Dvir , Kirchmeier Daniela , Shaked Yuval , Weihs Daphne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTumor microenvironment‐mechanics greatly affect tumor‐cell characteristics such as invasion and proliferation. We and others have previously shown that after chemotherapy, tumor cells shed more extracellular vesicles (EVs), leading to tumor growth and even spread, via angiogenesis and the mobilization of specific bone‐marrow‐derived cells contributing to metastasis. However, physical, mechanobiological and mechanostructural changes at premetastatic sites that may support tumor cell seeding, have yet to be determined. Here, we collected tumor‐derived extracellular vesicles (tEV) from breast carcinoma cells exposed to paclitaxel chemotherapy, and tested their effects on tissue mechanics (eg, elasticity and stiffness) of likely metastatic organs in cancer‐free mice, using shear rheometry. Cancer‐free mice were injected with saline or with tEVs from untreated cells and lung tissue demonstrated widely variable, viscoelastic mechanics, being more elastic than viscous. Contrastingly, tEVs from chemotherapy‐exposed cells induced more uniform, viscoelastic lung mechanics, with lower stiffness and viscosity; interestingly, livers were significantly stiffer than both controls. We observe statistically significant differences in softening of lung samples from all three groups under increasing strain‐amplitudes and in their stiffening under increasing strain‐frequencies; the groups reach similar values at high strain amplitudes and frequencies, indicating local changes in tissue microstructure. Evaluation of genes associated with the extracellular matrix and fibronectin protein‐expression revealed potential compositional changes underlying the altered mechanics. Thus, we propose that tEVs, even without cancer cells, contribute to metastasis by changing microstructures at distant organs. This is done partially by altering the composition and mechanostructure of tissues to support tumor cell invasion and seeding.
The investment behaviour of pension funds in alternative assets: Interest rates and portfolio diversification
Authors: Defau Laurens , De Moor Lieven 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the last decades, pension funds and other institutional investors have significantly increased their allocations to alternative assets: however, until today, there is no empirical research that evaluates this growth. In the pension fund industry, experts point at two important reasons for the growing interest in alternative assets: historically low interest rates and trends in portfolio diversification. The aim of this article is to assess whether these factors actually have an impact on the investment behaviour of pension funds in alternative assets. For this article, we analysed the CEM Benchmarking Inc. database with pension funds from North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. The empirical analysis includes 890 pension funds for the period 2000–2015. The results confirm that portfolio diversification trends play an essential role in the growing popularity of alternative assets, most probably because these assets allow the pension funds to optimize their portfolio structure. Furthermore, our results reject the popular belief that pension funds have increased their allocations to alternative assets because of the low interest rate environment; in contrast, our findings suggest that pension funds invest more in alternative assets when interest rates are higher.
What drives the duration of credit booms?
Authors: Castro Vítor , Martins Rodrigo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a new perspective on the study of credit booms by both examining what determines their duration and testing for relevant political features. The results from the estimation of a discrete‐time duration model show that both the economic and the political environment influence the duration of credit booms. These events are found to last longer when: (a) the economy is growing faster; (b) levels of liquidity in the banking system are lower; (c) current account position deteriorates; (d) centre parties are in office; and (e) with coalitions/minority governments. Evidence of a political cycle in the duration of credit booms is also detected. Additionally, this study shows that credit booms that end up in banking crises last longer but this effect can be offset by a higher degree of Central Bank independence. Hence, a monetary authority that is not influenced by political pressures is essential to prevent the unfolding of credit booms into banking crises.
Leverage in family firms: The moderating role of female directors and board quality
Authors: Poletti‐Hughes Jannine , Martínez Garcia Beatriz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGrounded in the agency, socioemotional wealth and resource dependence theories, we study how debt decisions are influenced by family control and how such relationship is moderated by an internal corporate governance mechanism, the quality of the board of directors. Our results show that family‐controlled firms use more leverage at lower levels of family ownership to retain family control over the business, but once their socioemotional wealth is fulfilled at higher levels of ownership, they decrease leverage in pursuit of conservative financing policies. These actions are found to be moderated by board quality (i.e., experience and expertise) and female directors (predominantly independent).