bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development of teaching materials use an inductive-based 7E learning cycle for elementary school students
Authors: Amini R , Usmeldi  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The observation in the fourth grade of Elementary School (SDN 06 Lapai) Padang show that the teaching materials available in elementary schools have not helped students understand the subject matter. Students have not fully carried out activities on student worksheets. Students are not able to answer the questions given by the teacher, so the teacher has not been able to motivate students’ prior knowledge. The research aims to develop teaching materials consisting of syllabus, lesson plan, module, student worksheet, and assessment using inductive-based 7E learning cycle. Research and development use the IDI model which consists of three stages, namely define, develop, and evaluate. At the define stage, material analysis and analysis of students were carried out. At the develop stage, a prototype syllabus, lesson plan, module, students worksheet, and assessment using inductive-based 7E learning cycle was designed. The subjects of the teaching materials trial were fourth grade students in Elementary School. The research instruments were observation sheet, questionnaire, and learning outcomes test. The results showed that the validity of science teaching materials using inductive-based 7E learning cycle was categorized as valid. The practicality of teaching materials was include very practical categories, based on teacher and student responses. Teaching materials was included effective categories based on student activities and learning outcomes. Student activities in learning include very high categories. Learning outcomes most students achieve minimum completeness criteria.
Promoting critical thinking skills of chemistry learning students using preparing doing concluding (PDC) learning models
Authors: Andayani Y , Zulkarnain Z , Hadisaputra S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The 21st century learning paradigm emphasizes the ability of students to think at a higher level. Critical thinking skills are one part of these higher order thinking abilities. One of the learning models that can be used to answer these challenges is the PDC model. The PDC model involves students directly in the process of finding facts or information material being taught. This study aims to propoting students’ critical thinking skills using the PDC learning model. The subjects in this study were 68 students of eleventh grade at senior high school at Mataram city, Indonesia. This research is quasi-experimental with research instruments consisting of 5 open ended questions of critical thinking skills. Five indicators considered critical are studied: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference and explanation. The results showed that learning with the PDC model able to improve students’ critical thinking skills, especially in the interpretation indicator with N-gain 0.71 in the high category, evaluation with N-gain 0.68 in the medium category, and analysis with N-gain 0.64 in the medium category.
Promoting students’ argumentation skill through development science teaching materials based on guided inquiry models
Authors: Hakim A , Sahmadesti I , Hadisaputra S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Argumentation skills are an important practice in science in the 21st century to develop analytic skills and engage in arguments that can construct scientific explanations, develop critical thinking skills and evaluate alternatives. Science learning with guided inquiry model is able to facilitate students in learning to argue. However, good learning must be supported by good teaching materials. So the purpose of this research is to develop junior high school science teaching materials to improve students’ argumentation skills. This research uses the Research and Development (R & D) method which was adapted from Borg & Gall. The parameters used to determine the quality of teaching materials developed are validity and practicality. The validity and practicality of the teaching materials developed were analyzed using Aiken’s V. The results of the feasibility test based on the results of expert validation were obtained by Aiken’s V of 0.75 with valid criteria, while the practicality test results based on teacher and student responses obtained Aiken’s V scores in a row 0.84 (very practical) and 0.80 (practical). In addition, the developed teaching material includes indicators to promoting students’ argumentation skills such as claims, evidence, reasoning, and rebuttal. In conclusion, the teaching materials developed includes the criteria for developing quality products that are valid and practical.
Conceptual understanding of pressure concept through problem based learning in junior high school grade 8th
Authors: Ahied M , Ekapti R F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Understanding of a concept can be said as the ability of learners in expressing and re-explaining the information that has been received each learner. The Conceptual understanding of students said good when given the problem, learners can solve the problem well. This study aims to see the improvement of students’ concept understanding during science learning using Problem Based Learning for the concept of pressure in accordance with the curriculum of 2013. The research method used is a pre-experiment with the One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. This research was conducted in one of class 8th grade in junior high school in Sidayu-Gresik, East Java. Aspects of conceptual understanding limited a few aspects, namely translating, interpreting, and extrapolating. The result shows that there is an increase concept comprehension for each aspect of understanding the concept of pressure in accordance with the calculation of n-gain, i.e. the translate aspect is 0.52 with the medium category, the interpreting aspect is 0.62 with the medium category, and the extrapolation aspect is 0.47 in the medium category. Based on the results can be said Problem Based Learning can improve understanding the concept of pressure students Secondary high school class VIII.
The implementation of green education-based comic media on coral reef and its impact on students’ conception
Authors: Sukri A , Rizka M A , Sakti H G , Wahyuni B S , Nasir L M I H M 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of green education-based comic media on understanding the concept of elementary school students in West Nusa Tenggara. This study is a quasi-experimental study using a 2 x 2 factorial design. Two sample schools from Central Lombok and North Lombok district were taken randomly with a total of 85 students from grades IV and V. The experimental class was given treatment by using green education-based comic media, while the control class used conventional methods. Data on understanding students’ concepts was collected through test instruments and then analyzed by using the One Way Anova test with the help of SPSS Version 21 software for Windows. The results showed that (1) the conceptual understanding of students in the experimental class is higher than the control class (p = 0.001 <0.05), and (2) there is no difference in conceptual understanding of students for grade IV and grade V (p = 0.055> 0.05). It can be concluded that the implementation of green education-based comic media can improve the understanding of students’ concepts and can be used for all levels of the class, especially high classes at the elementary school level.
Optimization of first-principles calculation conditions for multiplet energies of Fe3 + and Co3 + in α-Al2O3
Authors: Fusamoto Judo , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Corundum can contain various transition metals as impurities, for example, ruby. Ruby is used as solid state laser. The prediction of the electronic state of these transition metals is very important for the development of novel optical materials. The CI calculation used finite Slater determinants, the calculated mutiplet energies is overestimated generally. In this study, we optimized the calculation multiplet energy of transition metals in α-Al2O3 by considering some corrections.
Effects of Transition Metal Doping to Cerium-Oxides in Thermal Reduction Reaction
Authors: Nishimura Takaki , Tsutsumi Yuki , Ishii Tomohiko , Kodama Tatsuya , Sakane Genta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Considering our lives, novel energy production is so required, and many scientists have been investigated this problem from a lot of views. One of the ways for the new energy productions is the solar power thermochemical production by an oxidation-reduction reaction of the ceramics CeO2 (ceria). In this research, the ceria is used for obtaining an H2 gas in vapor reaction in high-temperature thermal equipment which has a heat production system consisting by focused sun light. Nowadays technology has been also developed to keep a human living, not to harm the Earth environment. From these points, it is realized that how important the H2 gas is for our lives, so we are trying to improve the thermochemical H2 gas production by means of a ceria as a catalyst. Our purpose in this study is, to point out what effects occur in doped ceria’s thermal reduction (TR) reaction by using DV-Xα method. Comparing the models between the pure ceria and the Mn doped ceria, we have realized the difference by the reaction. In this appearance, one of the considerations is a view from p-DOSs (partial-Density of States), in which there are different O-2p DOSs by different crystal structures. From this view, we considered that the ceria structure would become more stable to keep the stable cyclic thermal reaction in Mn doped ceria.
Single-Crystal X-Ray Structural Analysis and Electronic Structures Calculation of Rare Sugar
Authors: Huy Bui Quoc , Ishii Tomohiko , Taniguchi Norito , Nagayama Natsumi , Sakane Genta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There are two types of mono-saccharide sugars in nature, which are natural monosaccharide and rare sugar. The sugar that exists in extreme few amount in nature is called as rare sugar e.g. D-psicose and D-allose. The reasons we choose the rare sugar as a research target are because the rare sugar has almost no calories and is very useful for diabetic and dieter patients. Specifically, D-psicose is a no-calorie rare sugar with the sweetness of about 70 % of a sucrose. It has been confirmed that taking the D-psicose with meals suppresses the rise of sugar into the blood. Further, it is very effective in improving and preventing the diabetes. In order to investigate a research on the rare sugars, the first step must be to obtain the correct molecular structure. However, few crystal structures of rare sugars have been reported up to now. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the single-crystal X-ray structure of unknown rare sugar ‘L-glucose’. In addition, the DV-Xα molecular orbital method is used to compare the differences in a hydrogen bonding between α-D-glucose and α-L-glucose, and to make a novel supramolecular rare sugar.
Data Mining Application with Fuzzy Logic Method for Monitoring Vehicle Position Based on Android
Authors: Ismail Munaf , Dwi Prasetyowati Sri Arttini , Widihastuti Ida 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cases of vehicles theft in the Central Java region occurred 869 cases, the percentage was 57.86% against other crimes. To prevent vehicles theft, the police need public participation by increasing awareness of their vehicles. Vehicle theft can occur due to owner negligence and lack of safety locks on the vehicle. This study aims to create data mining application as monitoring vehicle position. The transmitter WiFi 2.4 GHz placed on a vehicle, then measured the RSSI signal by an android application based on fuzzy logic. Indication of theft is that the vehicle is positioned away from the owner, so the signal RSSI is less than -90 dBm. Fuzzy logic monitors this change in distance. When the membership function is lost, fuzzy logic instruct android to activated the alarm. Fuzzy logic was able to make decision give a alarm to user when RSSI signal less than -90 dBm. RSSI signal is less than -90 dBm when the distance is 20 meters if there is a wall barrier, without obstacle the distance is up to 80 meters. RSSI signal is influenced by the measurement environment.
Coulomb blockade transport emerged in quasi one-dimensional PEDOT: PSS fiber
Authors: Akai-Kasaya Megumi , Ogawa Naoya , Kakinoki Soichiro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In organic materials, peculiar nonlinearity to current voltage appears, thought a general and comprehensive explanation of them is still controversial. Conductive segments in poorly conductive organic materials are expected to have a smaller electrical capacity, leading to a higher critical temperature for the blockade effect. Here we show an experimental evidence of Coulomb blockade taking place on quasi one-dimensional conductive polymer, PEDOT:PSS [poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene) doped with poly (styrene sulfonate) anions], fibers. The PEDOT:PSS wire grows through electro-polymerization, and bridges between electrodes immersed in EDOT monomer solution. Conducting measurement for the dried fibers shows clear nonlinear behaviour in the current-voltage characteristics as temperature decreases. The non-zero threshold voltage, which increased with decreasing temperature, appears in the current flows through a thinnest fiber. The effective percolative transport passes in thin fiber is able to consists of the connection of the Coulomb blockade islands. By considering both the charge blockade effect and the influence of structural disorder and dimensionality, it is hoped that a clear understanding of charge transport in organic materials can be achieved.
Mechanism of Optical Rotation of Amino Acids Using Electronic State Calculation
Authors: Katsumoto Shuichi , Mimura Manami , Ishii Tomohiko , Sakane Genta , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Because of the chiral nature of the building blocks of living matter, an optical phenomena associated with the chirality constitute an important topic in physical chemistry. The specific optical rotation, which is a parameter for the characterization of the natural optical activity, depends strongly on the conformation of the molecule. In this study, we investigated the dependence of the optical rotation on a molecular conformation in the gas phase by calculating the electronic states of seven kind of chiral amino acids using the DV-Xα method. As a result, we can confirm the existence of an antibonding orbital on the side chain and the optical rotations are strongly related.
Effect of Molecular Distortion of Ligand Field Splitting in Five-Coordinated Metal Complex
Authors: Fujikawa Yoshiki , Tsuneda Dan , Tsutsumi Yuki , Nakano Momoe , Oguma Takeyoshi , Ishii Tomohiko , Sakane Genta , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Metal complex indicates the significant physical properties such as magnetism, electrical conductivity and an optical property due to the electronic interaction between the ligand molecule and the central metal ion. We have evaluated the magnetism of the metal complex by controlling the ligand field splitting, which is the energy splitting of the d-orbitals. The magnetic phenomenon of such compounds are realized as a result of the electronic state based on the transition metal coordination complexes, and which can be switched between high spin (HS) and low spin (LS), that is called a spin-crossover (SCO) phenomenon. Our group have been investigated the way how to control the spin state according to the concept of a molecular distortion. The five-coordinated metal complex ML5 has been experimentally confirmed to be a molecular distortion called the Berry pseudorotation (BPR). In the BPR process, both the axial and equatorial ligands can move at the same rate of increasing the angle between the other axial or equatorial ligands in five-coordinated metal complex. The classical BPR mechanism changes its molecular symmetry between two independent trigonal bipyramidals (TBPs) of D3h symmetry via a square pyramidal (SP) of C4v symmetry. The distortion parameters in the five-coordinated metal complexes τ5 are proposed in order to represent the distortion of the BPR process quantitatively. In this work, we predicted the possibility of the SCO phenomenon in intramolecular exchange mechanism through the BPR process in a five-coordinated metal complexes.
Single Crystal X-ray Structural Analysis and Electronic Theory of Sugar Molecules
Authors: Taniguchi Norito , Ishii Tomohiko , Huy Bui Quoc , Sakane Genta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Rare sugar is a monosaccharide that there are trace amounts in nature, natural sugars present in large amounts in nature world is referred to as a naturally monosaccharide. Recently, the isomerase called D-tagatose-3-epimerase (DTE) was discovered, and it has a possibility to synthesize quantity of the rare sugar from a natural sugar through the enzymatic reaction. And all of hexoses can be synthesized by four kinds of enzymatic reactions (oxidoreductase, aldose isomerase, aldose reductase and DTE reactions). In this study, single-crystal X-ray structure analysis of a sugar alcohol and its derivative have been performed in order to determine the absolute coordinates of these sugar molecules. We have also investigated the electronic state calculation by means of DV-Xα method using the obtained data of the absolute coordinates. We also consider that mechanism of the enzymatic reaction and intermolecular energy properly such as a hydrogen bond in order to synthesize the supramolecular rare sugars (SRSs) which can be controlled structures and the hydrogen bonds.
Contribution of edge-carbon atoms and non-benzenoid rings in graphitic carbons to π* peak profiles in CK-XANES spectra
Authors: Muramatsu Yasuji , Hirai Yuma 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In order to analyze the local structure of graphitic carbons by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, CK-XANES spectra of polycyclic aromatic compounds having 5-membered pentagonal or 7-membered heptagonal rings were theoretically analyzed by first-principles calculations. Pentagonal rings in the bent graphitic structure take different π* orbital states. Hence, pentagonal rings split the π* peak into two peaks in CK-XANES spectra. Heptagonal rings create electrostatic potential holes in graphitic structures, and the carbon atoms in the heptagonal ring can be regarded as conjugated edge carbon atoms. Hence, heptagonal rings also split the π* peak into two peaks. Edge-carbon atoms split the π* peak into two peaks in CK- XANES spectra. Consequently, carbon atoms in non-benzenoid rings and the edge-carbon atoms in graphitic structures make the π* peak profile wider when compared to graphite.
Design Of Electricity Energy Sources In University Of PGRI Semarang Using Off-Grid Solar Panel Systems
Authors: Kusmantoro Adhi , Novita Mega , Th.Indriati W 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The source of electricity in each university building in PGRI Semarang is obtained from each distribution transformer or power transformer. The power transformer used to distribute electricity in the central building (GP) has a capacity of 400 KVA, while the power transformer used in the main building (GU) has a capacity of 160 KVA. In the previous study, identification of the quality of electrical power in the PGRI University Semarang building, obtained a low power data factor and a large electrical network harmonics. The problem was solved by designing and installing bank capacitors and harmonic filters. To avoid dependence on PLN electricity and not using a generator when PLN electricity goes out, the source of electrical energy is designed by using solar energy sources through Photovoltaic. Solar Panel as an important component of solar power plants, converts sunlight into electricity. In designing off-grid solar panel systems it is only used at night or when PLN electricity goes out. In the design in the Central Building (GP) four solar panels and a battery unit are needed. Each solar panel unit consists of 14 solar panels and a battery unit consisting of an array of 110 batteries. The simulation results show that the simulation output power is almost the same as the design output power, which is 280,045 Watts. This shows the results of the design can be used to make electricity resources using solar panels. The inverter’s output voltage is also in accordance with the voltage used in the load of the house, which is 220V AC.
A Novel and Fast Memory Perturbation Method to Increase Exploration in Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Anwar Muchamad Taufiq , Winarno Edy , Chasanah Iswatun , Nugrohadi Saptono 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), one of the versatile nature-inspired optimization algorithm, continue to suffer from premature convergence despite the numerous amount of research trying to improve this algorithm. Many research had tried to address this issue but often use a complex algorithm which tax on computational time and complexity. This research introduced a novel perturbation method to mitigate premature convergence / to increase exploration while keeping the computational cost at a minimum. The particles’ memories (i.e the position of personal and global best) are modified by a random multiplier which in turn will ‘perturb’ the particles’ velocity. The implementation of this novel perturbation method in early iterations had resulted in 100% success rate in finding global optima in multimodal benchmark tests including the Rastrigin problem - whereas the original PSO failed in all benchmark tests - without adding a significant amount of computational complexity and time.
3d Ions in Solids and Microscopic Crystal Field Effects: Theoretical Analysis and Relations with Experimental Spectroscopic Data
Authors: Brik Mikhail G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The transition metal ions with unfilled 3d electron shell are important activator ions for solid-state lasing and solid-state lighting. Since their spectroscopic properties depend significantly on the nearest environment, studies of the microscopic crystal field effects (influence of variation of the impurity center geometry) acquire additional importance. In the present paper, methods of calculating the crystal field strength 10Dq and its dependence on the interionic distances R are described. Relation between the 10Dq(R) functions and experimentally observed quantities such the Stokes shift is highlighted. The results of performed 10Dq(R) calculations for several crystals doped with various 3d ions are summarized and discussed.