**오슬로 협정**은 이스라엘과 팔레스타인 해방기구(PLO) 사이의 이뤄진 협정이다.

## 개요
팔레스타인의 자치에 대한 원칙적인 합의와 이스라엘과 PLO의 상호 인준으로 구성되며 내용은 팔레스타인 자치와 선거, 과도기협정, 이스라엘군의 재배치와 철수, 예루살렘과 점령지의 최종 지위 협상, 유대인정착촌, 경제조항, 난민문제 등이 들어 있다. 당시 미국 대통령 빌 클린턴의 중재로 이루어졌으며, 오슬로 자치안이라고도 한다.

## 상세
위의 인물은 왼쪽에서부터 이츠하크 라빈, 빌 클린턴, 아라파트이다.]]
팔레스타인 자치는 이스라엘군이 철수하는 1993년 12월 13일부터 5년 동안 시행하기로 하였으나, 이후 이행이 늦추어져 1994년 5월 4일부터 1999년 5월 4일까지로 바뀌었다. 과도기협정은 자치위원회의 구조와 권력 이양을 규정한 것으로 자치위원회의 행정 입법당국과 독립적인 사법기관에 관한 내용을 담고 있다. 경제조항은 이스라엘이 점령지에 대한 투자, 자본 및 물류이동 등의 경제활동을 통제하며 시장은 이스라엘 상품에 개방된다는 내용이 들어 있다. 이밖에 이스라엘군의 전면 철수, 동예루살렘의 지위와 유대인 정착촌, 팔레스타인 난민 등의 문제는 논의가 미루어졌다.

오슬로 협정은 외교적 상상력이 발휘된 협정이었으나, 양자 간 평화는 끝내 실현되지 못하였다. 오슬로 협정의 구체적인 이행은 1995년 11월 이츠하크 라빈 총리가 이스라엘 극우파에 의해 암살되고 1996년 하마스의 이스라엘에 대한 자살폭탄 테러 등이 발생하는 등 양측 내부의 협정반대세력의 공세로 이행에 난항을 겪게 되었다. 2023년 10월 초부터 이스라엘-팔레스타인 분쟁이 격화되면서 사실상 오슬로 협정은 유명무실해졌다.

## 오슬로 협정 전문

### 전문
오슬로 협정은 17조항을 명시한다.

### 부속서
오슬로 협정은 4개의 부속서를 포함한다:

#### 부속서 1: 팔레스타인 내 선거 조건
This annex covered election agreements, a system of elections, rules and regulations regarding election campaigns, including agreed arrangements for the organizing of mass media, and the possibility of licensing a TV station.

#### 부속서 2: 이스라엘 군의 철수
An agreement on the withdrawal of Israeli military forces from the Gaza Strip and Jericho area. This agreement will include comprehensive arrangements to apply in the Gaza Strip and the Jericho area subsequent to the Israeli withdrawal. Internal security and public order by the Palestinian police force consisting of police officers recruited locally and from abroad (holding Jordanian passports and Palestinian documents issued by Egypt). Those who will participate in the Palestinian police force coming from abroad should be trained as police and police officers.

#### 부속서 3: 경제협력
The two sides agree to establish an Israeli–Palestinian continuing Committee for economic cooperation, focusing, among other things, on the following:

#### 부속서 4: 지역 개발
The two sides will cooperate in the context of the multilateral peace efforts in promoting a Development Program for the region, including the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, to be initiated by the G7 countries.

### 합의의사록
The Oslo I Accord contains some explanations of a number of articles in the Accord, with understandings the parties had agreed on:

#### 일반적 양해사항
Any powers and responsibilities transferred to the Palestinians through the Declaration of Principles prior to the inauguration of the council will be subject to the same principles pertaining to Article IV, as set out in the agreed minutes below.

#### 구체적 양해사항
It was to be understood that: Jurisdiction of the council would cover West Bank and Gaza Strip territory, except for issues that would be negotiated in the permanent status negotiations.

It was understood that several issues were postponed to permanent status negotiations, including: Jerusalem, refugees, settlements, security arrangements, borders, relations and co-operation with other neighbours, and other issues of common interest. The outcome of these permanent status negotiations should not be prejudiced or pre-empted by the parties.

It was agreed that the transfer of authority would be as follows: The Palestinians would inform the Israelis of the names of the authorized Palestinians who would assume the powers, authorities and responsibilities that would be transferred to the Palestinians according to the Declaration of Principles in the following fields: education and culture, health, social welfare, direct taxation, tourism, and any other authorities agreed upon.

The Interim Agreement would also include arrangements for coordination and cooperation.

The withdrawal of the military government would not prevent Israel from exercising the powers and responsibilities not transferred to the council.

It was understood that the Interim Agreement would include arrangements for cooperation and coordination. It was also agreed that the transfer of powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian police would be accomplished in a phased manner. The accord stipulated that Israeli and Palestinian police would do joint patrols.

It was agreed that the Israeli and Palestinian delegations would exchange the names of the individuals designated by them as members of the Joint Israeli–Palestinian Liaison Committee which would reach decisions by agreement.

It was understood that, subsequent to the Israeli withdrawal, Israel would continue to be responsible for external security, and for internal security and public order of settlements and Israelis. Israeli military forces and civilians would be allowed to continue using roads freely within the Gaza Strip and the Jericho area.