Summary: Senator Lindsey Graham, Republican of South Carolina, has also criticized the program. Mr. Graham thought that there were two things going on.

Summary: Senator Lindsey Graham, the republican of South Carolina, who has also criticized the program, said Ms. Wilson's comment were a sign of a growing movement. This Judiciary Committee member said that he think there's two things going on.


Summary: Congressional Republicans have expressed growing doubts about the National Security Agency program to intercept international communications inside the United States without court warrants. Heather A. Wilson, who is the chairwoman of the subcommittee that oversees the N.S.A., had called for a full-scale Congressional investigation.

Summary: Congressional Republicans have expressed growing doubts in interviews for over several days about the National Security Agency (N.S.A.) program to intercept international communications inside the United States without court warrants.


Summary: Chuck Hagel, senator of Republican of Nebraska says that the questions merges for a very healthy debate. He includes that he don't think anyone wants any kind of constitutional showdown over this.

Summary: Republican of Nebraska, Senator Chuck Hagel, said that doesn't think anyone wants any kind of constitutional showdown over this.


Summary: A growing number of Republicans say the program appears to violate the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, the 1978 law that created a court to oversee such surveillance, and they are called for revamping the FISA law.

Summary: A growing number of Republicans who say the program appears to violate the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (1978) that created a court to oversee such surveillance, and are calling for revamping the FISA law.


Summary: The criticism became apparent on Monday, when Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales was the sole witness before the Senate Judiciary Committee in a hearing on the legality of the eavesdropping. Mr. Gonzales faced tough questioning from Republicans on the panel, including its chairman, Senator Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania.

Summary: The criticism became apparent on Monday, when Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales was the sole witness before the Senate Judiciary Committee in a hearing on the legality of the eavesdropping. He faced tough questioning from 4 of the 10 Republicans on the panel, including its chairman, Senator Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania.


Summary: Chief Robert A. Troy delivered a minute-by-minute report of the Christmas night accident in a businesslike call that the bridge needed to be lifted for a passing tugboat to the final grief-streaked radio transmissions made seconds after Officers Shawn Carson and Robert Nguyen plunged into the frigid waters of the Hackensack River. He believed the blame lay with the Department of Transportation and other factors were involved. Those factors were communication lapses within the Police Department that kept the two officers from knowing the bridge was up.  Chief Troy acknowledged that their department had communication issues.

Summary: Robert A. Troy was a chief of the Jersey City Police Department who delivered a report of the Christmas night accident, from the first businesslike call that the bridge needed to be lifted for a passing tugboat to the final grief-streaked radio transmissions made seconds after Officers Shawn Carson and Robert Nguyen plunged into the frigid waters of the Hackensack River. In a news conference, he said that bridge should never have been lifted. According to him, he believe that the blame lies with the Department of Transportation with other factors involved. The chief added that those factors were communication lapses within the Police Department that kept the two officers from knowing the bridge was up. Chief Troy announced that their department has communication issues.


Summary: Chief Robert A. Troy delivered a minute-by-minute report of the Christmas night accident, from the first businesslike call that the bridge needed to be lifted for a passing tugboat to the final grief-streaked radio transmissions made seconds after Officers Shawn Carson and Robert Nguyen plunged into the frigid waters of the Hackensack River. But the report failed to clear up an essential question that how did two officers already on the bridge know the bridge was up, but not Officers Carson and Nguyen?

Summary: Chief Robert A. Troy stated in a businesslike call that the bridge needed to be lifted for a passing tugboat to the final grief-streaked radio transmissions made seconds after Officers Shawn Carson and Robert Nguyen plunged into the frigid waters of the Hackensack River. Two Jersey City officers were initially sent to the bridge, followed by Officers Carson and Nguyen, who were dispatched to provide extra flares. After dropping off the flares, Officers Carson and Nguyen drove away, with the two other officers running frantically behind them to stop them.


Jersey City Police Department
Police Department

Summary: The chief of the Jersey City Police Department blamed state transportation officials on Friday for the deaths of two officers,  Shawn Carson and Robert Nguyen, who drove off an open vertical lift bridge, saying that the bridge was in chronic disrepair and that the operators compounded the danger by failing to tell the officers exactly when the deck was going to be raised. Chief Robert A. Troy believes the blame lies with the Department of Transportation with other factors like communication lapses within the Police Department that kept the two officers from knowing the bridge was up.

Summary: The chief of the Jersey City Police Department blamed state transportation officials for the deaths of two officers, saying that the bridge was in chronic disrepair and that the operators compounded the danger by failing to tell the officers exactly when the deck was going to be raised. In a conference, Chief Troy said that he believe that the blame lies with the Department of Transportation, and further said that it happened with other factors involved. Those factors were communication lapses within the Police Department that kept the two officers from knowing the bridge was up.


Summary: Chief Troy said that he believe the blame lies with the Department of Transportation with other factors involved, those factors were communication lapses within the Police Department that kept the two officers from knowing the bridge was up, he added. According to the Jersey City report, a Department of Transportation official called the police at 7:36 p.m. for help blocking traffic on the Lincoln Highway Bridge, which connects Jersey City and Kearny.

Summary: Chief Troy believed that the blame lay with the Department of Transportation. The chief explained that those factors were communication lapses within the Police Department that kept the two officers from knowing the bridge was up.


Summary: Followed by Officers Carson and Nguyen, who were dispatched to provide extra flares, two Jersey City officers were initially sent to the bridge.  After dropping off the flares, Officers Carson and Nguyen drove away and two other officers running frantically behind them to stop them. Officer Nguyen's family has notified state officials of plans to sue for wrongful death.

Summary: The chief of the Jersey City Police Department blamed state transportation officials on Friday for the deaths of two officers, Shawn Carson and Robert Nguyen, who drove off an open vertical lift bridge, saying that the bridge was in chronic disrepair and that the operators compounded the danger by failing to tell the officers exactly when the deck was going to be raised. Chief Robert A. Troy delivered a minute-by-minute report of the Christmas night accident, from the first businesslike call that the bridge needed to be lifted for a passing tugboat to the final grief-streaked radio transmissions made seconds after the two officers into the frigid waters of the Hackensack River. Officer Nguyen's family has notified state officials of plans to sue for wrongful death.


Summary: John Battelle, journalist and proprietor of Seachblog (battellemedia.com), reports that AT&T has had enough, and has pulled its $5 million annual ad purchase from the newspaper. Mr. Battelle further writes that the move is misguided. After all, negative press is still press, and it's an opportunity to respond, to learn, to grow, to do better. Mr. Battelle writes to Google the reason why this is their new competitor.

Summary: John Battelle, a journalist, and proprietor of Seachblog (battellemedia.com), reports that AT&T has had enough, and has pulled its $5 million annual ad purchase from the newspaper. Mr. Battelle thinks that the move is misguided, even though, negative press is still press, and it's an opportunity to respond, to learn, to grow, to do better. Mr. Battelle writes that Google has a new competitor.


Summary: The book's author asks Enron whether it is the largest fraud case in American history.

Summary: The book's author says it is ''the largest fraud case in American history.'' Enron?


Summary: The prosecutor, Patrick J. Fitzgerald, said in a letter to Mr. Libby's lawyers last month that Mr. Libby had testified before the grand jury that he had contacts with reporters in which he disclosed the content of the National Intelligence Estimate ('NIE'), that discussed Iraq's nuclear weapons capability. We also note that it is our understanding that Mr. Libby testified that he was authorized to disclose information about the NIE to the press by his superiors. The National Intelligence Estimate, which was done in October 2002, said that Iraq will probably have a nuclear weapon during this decade, but it included some dissenting views.

Summary: The prosecutor, Patrick J. Fitzgerald, said in a letter to Mr. Libby's lawyers last month that Mr. Libby had testified before the grand jury that he had contacts with reporters in which he disclosed the content of the National Intelligence Estimate ('NIE'), that discussed Iraq's nuclear weapons capability. Mr. Libby was indicted on five counts of perjury and obstruction of justice last October in what Mr. Fitzgerald has charged was a willful misleading of investigators about his role in exposing Valerie Wilson as an officer of the Central Intelligence Agency. The National Intelligence Estimate was done in October 2002, which showed that Iraq could have a nuclear weapon during this decade.


Summary: I. Lewis Libby Jr., the former chief of staff to Vice President Dick Cheney, told a grand jury that he was authorized by his ''superiors'' to disclose classified information to reporters about Iraq's weapons capability in June and July 2003. The document shows that Mr. Libby, known as Scooter, was actively engaged in the Bush administration's public relations effort to rebut complaints that there was little evidence to support the claim that Saddam Hussein possessed or sought weapons of mass destruction. The prosecutor, Patrick J. Fitzgerald, said in a letter to Mr. Libby's lawyers last month that Mr. Libby had testified before the grand jury that he had contacts with reporters in which he disclosed the content of the National Intelligence Estimate ('NIE'), that discussed Iraq's nuclear weapons capability.

Summary: I. Lewis Libby Jr., the former chief of staff to Vice President Dick Cheney, told a grand jury that he was authorized by his ''superiors'' to disclose classified information to reporters about Iraq's weapons capability, according to a document filed by a federal prosecutor. The document shows that Mr. Libby, who is known as Scooter, was actively engaged in the Bush administration's public relations effort to rebut complaints that there was little evidence to support the claim that Saddam Hussein possessed or sought weapons of mass destruction, which justified the invasion of Iraq. The document is part of the prosecutors' case against Mr. Libby, who has been indicted on charges that he lied about his role in exposing the identity of a C.I.A. operative to journalists.


Summary: Mr. Fitzgerald said in his letter that Mr. Libby discussed the contents of the classified report in a July 8 meeting -- 10 days before it was declassified -- with Judith Miller, a reporter at The Times.

Summary: Mr. Fitzgerald said in his letter that Mr. Libby discussed the contents of the classified report in a July 8 meeting with Judith Miller, then a reporter at The Times. Miller, who spent 85 days in jail before agreeing to testify in the leak case.


Wilson
Valerie Wilson
Joseph C. Wilson IV

Summary: Wilson is the wife of Joseph C. Wilson IV, a former ambassador who had accused the administration of twisting intelligence about Iraq's efforts to buy uranium from the government of Niger. Wilson's identity was first disclosed in a column by Robert D. Novak, just after Mr. Wilson wrote an Op-Ed column in The New York Times saying he had investigated the Niger claim and found little evidence to support it. He charged that destroying his wife's undercover status was a way to discredit him and his assertions.


Summary: Lewis Libby Jr., the former chief of staff to Vice President Dick Cheney, told a grand jury that he was authorized by his ''superiors'' to disclose classified information to reporters about Iraq's weapons capability in June and July 2003. The letter was first reported Thursday by the National Journal, which said its sources had identified that one of the superiors was Mr. Cheney.

Summary: According to a document filed by a federal prosecutor, the former chief of staff to Vice President Dick Cheney, I. Lewis Libby Jr., told a grand jury that he was authorized by his "superiors" to disclose classified information to reporters about Iraq's weapons capability in June and July 2003. The prosecutor, Patrick J. Fitzgerald's letter was first reported Thursday by the National Journal, which said its sources had identified that one of the superiors was Mr. Cheney.


Summary: The prosecutor, Patrick J. Fitzgerald, said in a letter to Mr. Libby's lawyers last month that Mr. Libby had testified before the grand jury that he had contacts with reporters in which he disclosed the content of the National Intelligence Estimate ('NIE'), that discussed Iraq's nuclear weapons capability. Mr. Libby was indicted on five counts of perjury and obstruction of justice last October in what Mr. Fitzgerald has charged was a willful misleading of investigators about his role in exposing Valerie Wilson of the Central Intelligence Agency. Mr. Fitzgerald said in his letter that Mr. Libby discussed the contents of the classified report in a July 8 meeting -- 10 days before it was declassified.

Summary: The prosecutor, Patrick J. Fitzgerald, said in a letter to Mr. Libby's lawyers last month that Mr. Libby had testified before the grand jury that he had contacts with reporters in which he disclosed the content of the National Intelligence Estimate ('NIE'), that discussed Iraq's nuclear weapons capability. Mr. Libby was indicted on five counts of perjury and obstruction of justice last October in what Mr. Fitzgerald has charged was a willful misleading of investigators about his role in exposing Valerie Wilson as an officer of the Central Intelligence Agency. Mr. Fitzgerald said in his letter that Mr. Libby discussed the contents of the classified report in a July 8 meeting 10 days before it was declassified with Judith Miller, then a reporter at The Times.


Summary: The document shows that Mr. Libby, known as Scooter, was actively engaged in the Bush administration's public relations effort to rebut complaints that there was little evidence to support the claim that Saddam Hussein possessed or sought weapons of mass destruction, which was used to justify the invasion of Iraq.


Maximilian
Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian

Summary: Three years earlier, in 1864, the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian was made emperor of Mexico by Napoleon III, because of French interests in the country. He was dependent on the occupying French Army, and when Napoleon withdrew his troops, Maximilian was captured by Mexican forces loyal to their government. He and his generals, Mejía and Miramón, were executed by firing squad on June 19, 1867.

Summary: In 1864, the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian was made emperor of Mexico by Napoleon III, because of French interests in the country. But he was dependent on the occupying French Army, and when Napoleon withdrew his troops, Maximilian was captured by Mexican forces loyal to their government. He and his generals, Mejía and Miramón, were executed by firing squad on June 19, 1867.


Summary: John Elderfield, the Modern's chief curator of painting and sculpture, is organizing an exhibition centered on Manet's series of paintings called ''The Execution of Maximilian'' from Oct. 29 through Jan. 29, it will unite all four paintings in the series for the first time in the United States. Mr. Elderfield has borrowed the paintings from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; the National Gallery of Art in London; the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen; and the Städtische Kunsthalle in Mannheim, Germany.  John Elderfield said that the notion of artists working in series, of working with documentation of real events as part of the practice of making paintings and of the collage aesthetic, were all very relevant today.

Summary: John Elderfield, the Modern's chief curator of painting and sculpture, is organizing an exhibition centered on Manet's series of paintings called ''The Execution of Maximilian.'' This exhibition will unite all four paintings in the series for the first time in the United States. Mr. Elderfield has borrowed the paintings from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; the National Gallery of Art in London; the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen; and the Städtische Kunsthalle in Mannheim, Germany. Not only is the series Manet's most ambitious, but Mr. Elderfield said it also particularly speaks to contemporary issues in art.


Summary: John Elderfield, the Modern's chief curator of painting and sculpture, is organizing an exhibition centered on Manet's series of paintings called ''The Execution of Maximilian" from Oct. 29 through Jan. 29, it will unite all four paintings in the series for the first time in the United States. From July 1867 to early 1869, Manet produced the four paintings and one lithograph recording the event. The show will also include five other paintings by Manet that deal with violent deaths, including ''The Dead Christ and the Angels'' from the Metropolitan Museum of Art and ''The Dead Toreador'' from the National Gallery of Art in Washington.

Summary: Manet's Maximilians Critics believes that the Museum of Modern Art does not pay enough attention to what is up to the minute or cutting edge will have yet another reason to carp this fall. John Elderfield, the Modern's chief curator of painting and sculpture, is organizing an exhibition centered on Manet's series of paintings called ''The Execution of Maximilian.'' It will unite all four paintings in the series for the first time in the United States. The series was Manet's record of the news as he saw it breaking in 1867.


Summary: Yale's Fitzgerald Link The Yale University Art Gallery acquired a painting that failed to sell at Christie's in New York in 2000. The Yale University Art Gallery purchased it from the Manhattan dealers Martha Parrish and James Reinish for an undisclosed price with money from the Leonard C. Hanna Jr.

Summary: The Yale University Art Gallery has acquired a painting that failed to sell at Christie's in New York in 2000. The Yale University Art Gallery purchased it from the Manhattan dealers Martha Parrish and James Reinish for an undisclosed price with money from the Leonard C. Hanna Jr. Jock Whitney, director of the Yale University Art Gallery, said he didn't want to lose this tremendous opportunity of acquiring the painting. One reason, he added, was that it adds to the other modern works in Yale's collection and as well as the archival materials at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.


Summary: Manet's Maximilians Critics who believe that the Museum of Modern Art does not pay enough attention to what is up to the minute or cutting edge will have yet another reason to carp this fall. John Elderfield, the Modern's chief curator of painting and sculpture, is organizing an exhibition centered on Manet's series of paintings called 'The Execution of Maximilian'.  But he was dependent on the occupying French Army, and when Napoleon withdrew his troops, Maximilian was captured by Mexican forces loyal to their government.

Summary: Manet's Maximilians Critics who believe that the Museum of Modern Art does not pay enough attention to what is up to the minute or cutting edge will have yet another reason to carp this fall. John Elderfield, the Modern's chief curator of painting and sculpture, is organizing an exhibition centered on Manet's series of paintings called ''The Execution of Maximilian.'' It will unite all four paintings in the series for the first time in the United States. Three years earlier, in 1864, the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian was made emperor of Mexico by Napoleon III, because of French interests in the country. But he was dependent on the occupying French Army, and when Napoleon withdrew his troops, Maximilian was captured by Mexican forces loyal to their government.


Summary: Alleyne said that her sister never abused her kids. Alleyne, 21, said frustration with Mr. Browne might have led her sister to take up with Mr. Calderon, who arrived in New York from Puerto Rico not long after Mr. Browne was arrested. Alleyne said her sister may not have immediately sought medical help for Quachaun for any number of reasons, including her fear of Mr. Calderon; her anxiety over the possibility that the city might take her children again; and Mr. Calderon's fear of further trouble with the police after his arrest on the stolen vehicle charge.

Summary: Leatrice Alleyne, 21, Aleshia Smith's sister, said she never saw her sister abuse her kids. Alleyne said that frustration with Mandinga Browne may have been what led her sister to take up with Jose Calderon, who arrived in New York from Puerto Rico not long after Mr. Browne was arrested. Alleyne said her sister may not have immediately sought medical help for Quachaun for any number of reasons, including her fear of Mr. Calderon, her anxiety over the possibility that the city might take her children again, and Mr. Calderon's fear of further trouble with the police after his arrest on the stolen vehicle charge.


Summary: Smith, who turns 27 on Feb. 21, dropped out of high school in Brooklyn after having her first child. In recent years, she took courses at Touro College in Manhattan. Her life was dominated by her six children, who had four different fathers.

Summary: Aleshia Smith's oldest daughter was living with a relative, but the apartment on Kossuth Avenue in the Bronx was still crowded with her five other children and two cats. Smith's 4-year-old son, Quachaun Browne, dead and the couple in jail, Mr. Calderon charged with fatally beating the boy, and he cannot stop him.


Quachaun
Browne
Mandinga Browne
Quachaun Browne

Summary: Smith broke off a relationship with Mandinga Browne, the father of Quachaun and her two youngest children. 23-year-old Mr. Browne had been arrested several times. He promised that he would become a family man. The police said that Mr. Browne and two other men tried to rob three men in front of a building on 139th Street in the Bronx on Aug. 26.

Summary: Smith broke off his relation with Mandinga Browne, the father of Quachaun and her two youngest children, whose ages 1 and 2. He promised that he would become a family man. After that, he got a job at a McDonald's.


Summary: Mr. Calderon was charged with murder and Ms. Smith with manslaughter. Alleyne said her sister may not have immediately sought medical help for Quachaun for unknown reasons, including her fear of Mr. Calderon; her anxiety over the possibility that the city might take her children again; and Mr. Calderon's fear of further trouble with the police after his arrest on the stolen vehicle charge.

Summary: On a November afternoon Aleshia Smith invited Jose Calderon, 18, a virtual stranger with a nice smile but a bad temper, to move in with her. Neighbors said that noise from the already clamorous apartment grew even louder after Mr. Calderon moved in, and that the sound of the couple's fights sometimes lasted for hours. Mr. Calderon has been charged with the murder of Ms. Smith's 4-year-old son, Quachaun Browne.


Summary: Now, Volkswagen's chief executive, Bernd Pischetsrieder, is mounting a vigorous defense of his company's practices.  Mr. Pischetsrieder explained in an interview how a U.S. business was run versus a German business is completely different. He also added that the idea that Porsche could, or would, prevent us from doing something that they thought was the right thing to do, was simply not on. He has been meeting with investors in Britain and the United States in the aftermath of Porsche's investment and a subsequent boardroom battle at Volkswagen to try to reassure them that the company is being run properly. Mr. Pischetsrieder said he welcomed the election of the two Porsche executives, Wendelin Wiedeking and Holger P. Härter, because they know the car business, and could offer a seasoned perspective.

Summary: Volkswagen's chief executive, Bernd Pischetsrieder, is mounting a vigorous defense of his company's practices. Mr. Pischetsrieder reiterates that there is no conflict between Porsche and Volkswagen. He does not think that Porsche could, or would, prevent them from doing something that they think is the right thing to do. He has been meeting with investors in Britain and the United States in the aftermath of Porsche's investment and a subsequent boardroom battle at Volkswagen to try to reassure them that the company is being run properly. Mr. Pischetsrieder said he welcomed the election of the two Porsche executives, Wendelin Wiedeking and Holger P. Härter, because they know the car business, and could offer a seasoned perspective. Mr. Pischetsrieder is making the best of the situation: he noted that the new labor chief is a one-time union official.


Summary: Jens Schattner, an auto analyst at Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein in Frankfurt, said that they didn't want to have disputes with the unions.

Summary: Jens Schattner, an auto analyst at Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein in Frankfurt said these companies don't want to have disputes with the unions.


Summary: Complicating matters, the Volkswagen chairman, Ferdinand K. Piëch, is a member of the founding family of Porsche. His dual role at Porsche and Volkswagen raised the possibility of the glamorous sports car company, in effect, controlling Europe's largest car manufacturer. Mr. Piëch was able to push through his choice because he cobbled together enough board votes from the employee and union representatives.

Summary: Ferdinand K. Piëch, the Volkswagen chairman, is a member of the founding family of Porsche. His dual role at Porsche and Volkswagen raised the possibility of the glamorous sports car company, in effect, controlling Europe's largest car manufacturer.


Summary: Volkswagen's image problem began last fall, when a rival German carmaker, Porsche, bought a nearly 20 percent stake in the company and demanded two seats on the Volkswagen supervisory board. The idea that Porsche could, or would, prevent us from doing something that we think is the right thing to do, is simply not on. The consequence of Porsche's investment and a subsequent boardroom battle at Volkswagen to try to reassure them that the company is being run properly. Porsche invested in Volkswagen to secure access to its technology and factories, where it already assembles its sport utility vehicle, the Cayenne, but Porsche needs good labor relations to push through its plans.

Summary: Volkswagen's image problem began last fall, when a rival German carmaker, Porsche, bought a nearly 20 percent stake in the company and demanded two seats on the Volkswagen supervisory board. Porsche invested in Volkswagen to secure access to its technology and factories, but Porsche needs good labor relations to push through its plans. As a financial investor, Porsche was more likely to advance, than obstruct, the campaign to cut Volkswagen's costs and restore its profits.


Summary: But Volkswagen has been a laggard, even in this undistinguished fraternity. Such interlocking of companies, which used to be commonplace in German industry, has fallen out of favor in recent years, as German industry tries to become more streamlined to appeal to investors. Volkswagen's biggest problem is with American investors.

Summary: Volkswagen, shareholder activists say, has been a laggard, even in this undistinguished fraternity. Now, Bernd Pischetsrieder, who was the chief executive of the Volkswagen, is mounting a vigorous defense of his company's practices.


Summary: RUSSIA today is not the same country it was only six years ago, when Vladimir Putin became president. Op-Ed Contributor Andrei Illarionov was an economic adviser to President Vladimir Putin of Russia until resigning in protest in December.

Summary: In today's scenario Russia is not the same country it was only six years ago, when Vladimir Putin became president. Op-Ed Contributor Andrei Illarionov was an economic adviser to President Vladimir Putin of Russia until resigning in protest.


Summary: If anyone was in a position to know that James Frey was lying about his past in the book ''A Million Little Pieces,'' it was Sean McDonald, his editor, who worked closely with Mr. Frey not only on that book but also on the follow-up, ''My Friend Leonard,'' also now known to be largely fiction. Mr. McDonald, 33, said in an interview that certainly when we were editing the book, we would talk about what was true and what was not. In a written statement released late Thursday, Mr. McDonald said that throughout the editing process, I raised questions with James about the veracity of events he recounted in the book and in each instance he assured me that his account was accurate and true.

Summary: If anyone was in a position to know that James Frey was lying about his past in the book "A Million Little Pieces," it was Sean McDonald, his editor, who worked closely with him not only on that book but also on the follow-up, "My Friend Leonard." Interviews with other authors and agents who have worked with Mr. McDonald paint a portrait of an editor who is intimately involved in every detail of a book's trip from manuscript to the bookstore. Known for combing through an author's draft line by line, Mr. McDonald even has a hand in designing the cover of many of the books he edits, and he often plays a role in planning a book's marketing.


Summary: On the day last fall when Oprah Winfrey chose ''A Million Little Pieces'' for her television book club, Mr. McDonald said he knew that Mr. Frey was telling the truth -- because he had personally checked it out. Mr. Frey himself said as much in mid-September at an author's event at McNally Robinson Booksellers in Lower Manhattan, where he and Mr. McDonald discussed their collaboration. Mr. Frey said that they  did a lot of stuff outside of publishing and writing, such as attending social events together and talking about subjects. Mr. Frey added that it had been a very important part of it, because I trusted a friend who's giving me good advice, as opposed to a boss who's giving me an order.

Summary: If anyone was in a position to know that James Frey was lying about his past in the book "A Million Little Pieces," it was Sean McDonald, his editor, who worked closely with him not only on that book but also on the follow-up, "My Friend Leonard." If Mr. Frey were found to have misrepresented himself during the negotiations, Penguin might have reason to void the contracts. The Smoking Gun first revealed Mr. Frey's deceptions and confronted him with evidence that his book was false. According to the article, Mr. Frey told the Smoking Gun reporters that the encounter had left him so rattled that he went out and hired Los Angeles attorney Martin Singer, who sent a letter to The Smoking Gun threatening to sue if its article falsely states or implies that his client is a liar.


Summary: Talese's imprint, Mr. McDonald announced his move to Riverhead Books, a division of the Penguin Group, shortly before ''A Million Little Pieces'' was published. At Penguin, he bought and edited Mr. Frey's second book, ''My Friend Leonard'', and he agreed to purchase two more books one of them a novel by Mr. Frey. His statements are important because they reflect on whether he or his bosses at Penguin were aware of Mr. Frey's deceptions when they signed the new contract with Mr. Frey.

Summary: Statements of Sean McDonald are important because they reflect on whether he or his bosses at Penguin Group were aware of James Frey's deceptions when they signed the new contract with him late last year. If Mr. Frey were found to have misrepresented himself during the negotiations, Penguin might have reason to void the contracts. The Smoking Gun first revealed Mr. Frey's deceptions and confronted him with evidence that his book was false. According to the article, Mr. Frey told the Smoking Gun reporters that the encounter had left him so rattled that he hired Los Angeles attorney Martin Singer, who sent a letter to The Smoking Gun threatening to sue if its article falsely states or implies that his client is a liar. Now that Mr. Frey has admitted his fabrications, Penguin has voiced doubts about the future of "My Friend Leonard" and the two additional books.


Summary: Mr. Frey himself said at an author's event at McNally Robinson Booksellers in Lower Manhattan, where he and Mr. McDonald discussed their collaboration.

Summary: James Frey himself said as much in mid-September at an author's event at McNally Robinson Booksellers in Lower Manhattan, where he and Sean McDonald discussed their collaboration.


Summary: The day when Oprah Winfrey chose ''A Million Little Pieces'' for her television book club, Mr. McDonald said he knew that Mr. Frey was telling the truth, because he had personally checked it out.

Summary: In fact, on the day last fall when Oprah Winfrey chose "A Million Little Pieces" for her television book club, Mr. McDonald said he knew that Mr. Frey was telling the truth, because he had personally checked it out.


Summary: Héctor Tobar, a foreign correspondent for The Los Angeles Times, sold his book ''Translation Nation: Defining a New American Identity in the Spanish-Speaking United States'' to Mr. McDonald when the editor was still at Doubleday, where Mr. Johnson said to Mr. McDonald that more editing per page than any of his other editors did with any of his other books. In a telephonic interview from Mexico City, where he is currently a correspondent, Mr. Tobar said that after he submitted his manuscript, Mr. McDonald sent him a 13-page single-spaced memorandum detailing what needed to be done with each chapter of the book. he again said that he has a vidion for the kind of book that fills out the canon of what is literature in America.

Summary: Héctor Tobar, a foreign correspondent for The Los Angeles Times, sold his book ''Translation Nation: Defining a New American Identity in the Spanish-Speaking United States'' to Mr. McDonald in 2001 when the editor was still at Doubleday. In a telephone interview, Mr. Tobar said that after he submitted his manuscript, Mr. McDonald sent him a 13-page single-spaced memorandum detailing what needed to be done with each chapter of the book. He said his book was like Mr. Frey's and added that Mr. Mcdonald helped bring his voice into mainstream America.


Summary: Ira T. Kay, global practice director for executive compensation at Watson Wyatt Worldwide, argues that despite pay packages that can easily run into eight figures and endless headlines about directors awarding raises to C.E.O.'s even as their companies underperform the competition, everyone is missing the point. He writes that those images now overshadow the reality of thousands of successful companies with appropriately paid executives and conscientious boards. Mr. Kay never defines what fair C.E.O. recompense would be.

Summary: Ira T. Kay, global practice director for executive compensation at Watson Wyatt Worldwide, argues that despite pay packages that can easily run into eight figures and endless headlines about directors awarding raises to C.E.O.'s even as their companies underperform the competition, everyone is missing the point. He remains adamant that cutting back on the boss's compensation would be wrong, stating that executives should be paid commensurate with the skills and talents they bring to the organization. He adds that pay cuts would lead to higher turnover and less talent in the executive suite as the most qualified candidates move into other professions.


Summary: New York City's health commissioner, Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, called for changing state laws so that health officials could more aggressively test people for H.I.V. and AIDS and use the medical information, whereas, the city already collects to help treat those infected. In addition apart from wanting to change those laws, he also wants to make testing for the virus a routine part of medical care, simplifying the process by which a patient consents to be tested. Dr. Frieden said that they know people are dying, as he outlined his proposals publicly for the first time.

Summary: New York City's health commissioner, Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, called yesterday for changing state laws so that health officials could more aggressively test people for H.I.V. and AIDS and use the medical information the city already collects to help treat those infected. In addition to that, he also wants to make testing for the virus a routine part of medical care, simplifying the process by which a patient consents to be tested. He believes that this disparity reflects the way efforts to test for the disease and treat it have not evolved to keep pace with the changing nature of the epidemic. His proposals would help those in a population that does not get tested early enough, who are often sick by the time they know their status, and who are often stranded without the good medical care available to the more prosperous.


Summary: Ehud Olmert, the acting Israeli prime minister, is trying to win an election and may not wish to appear soft. As soon as Mr. Olmert's rival to the right, Benjamin Netanyahu of Likud, former Prime Minister, began to deplore the idea of releasing the tax money, Mr. Olmert froze it.

Summary: But Ehud Olmert, the acting Israeli prime minister, is trying to win an election and may not wish to appear soft. As soon as his rival to the right, former Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Likud, began to deplore the idea of releasing the tax money, Mr. Olmert froze it.


Summary: Hamas, the quartet said that one must be committed to nonviolence, recognize Israel and accept the previous agreements and commitments, like the Oslo accords that set up the Palestinian Authority and the ''road map'' peace plan, which calls for the dismantling of armed groups like Hamas. The Palestinian Authority is on the verge of collapse, with large debts, great unease about Hamas and little ability to pay Feb. 1 salaries for 135,000 people, 58,000 of them in the security services, many of them armed.

Summary: The Palestinian Authority is on the verge of collapse, with large debts, great unease about Hamas, and little ability to pay salaries for 135,000 people, 58,000 of them in the security services, many of them armed. Some $60 million in direct aid, two-thirds of it from Europe, was frozen by donor countries in December, in response to what they saw as the Palestinian Authority's violation of a pledge of fiscal responsibility when it raised salaries by nearly 50 percent last summer. Once a Hamas-dominated government is formed, that will still leave the Palestinian Authority with a major fiscal crisis, probably dependent on more money coming from Arab states.


Summary: According to a Western diplomat, Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president, who also leads Fatah, as the "real" Palestinian power, had spoken about appointing a new, Hamas-supported prime minister to form a government in the next two weeks but suddenly he is talking about not putting a new Hamas-backed government into office for two or three months, until after the Israeli elections of March 28, senior Western and Israeli diplomats said. If Mr. Abbas works with a technocratic prime minister, with Hamas approving policy from behind a screen, that would be a long way from the "transformation" of Hamas, and it would not be very satisfactory for Israel.

Summary: Judging from the outcome of the quartet's meeting in London, the idea is to try to postpone the day of a Hamas government as long as possible and support Mahmoud Abbas, the Palestinian president who also leads Fatah, as the ''real'' Palestinian power, at least in the meantime. But suddenly Mr. Abbas is talking about not putting a new Hamas-backed government into the office for two or three months, until after the Israeli elections of March 28, senior Western and Israeli diplomats said. If Mr. Abbas works with a technocratic prime minister, with Hamas approving policy from behind a screen, that would be a long way from the ''transformation'' of Hamas, and it would not be very satisfactory for Israel.


Summary: Likud has already changed its campaign slogan to "Strong against Hamas." Israel is also keeping the Karni crossing between Gaza and Israel shut for a third week, while Palestinian produce rots and Israeli clothing manufacturers threaten to do their sewing elsewhere. Israel issued a security alert for Karni and said it was searching for a tunnel in the area that had been used to smuggle arms and wanted men.

Summary: Israel is keeping the Karni crossing between Gaza and Israel shut for a third week, while Palestinian produce rots and Israeli clothing manufacturers threaten to do their sewing elsewhere. Israel issued a security alert for Karni and said it was searching for a tunnel in the area that had been used to smuggle arms and wanted men.


Summary: The United States, the European Union, Russia and the United Nations have lined up in solidarity with Israel in calling on Hamas, which won the Palestinian legislative elections, to modify its radical policies. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and the European Union are talking about the need for stability, and to support the "interim" government of the Palestinian Authority and Mr. Abbas with money and aid. So the European Union, like the Americans are looking to increase the amount of their aid, or to redirect it, away from a Hamas-run government and toward these agencies and private organizations.

Summary: The United States, the European Union, Russia, and the United Nations the so-called Quartet on the Middle East have lined up in solidarity with Israel in calling on Hamas, which won the Palestinian legislative elections, to modify its radical policies. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and the European Union are talking about the need for stability, and to support the interim government of the Palestinian Authority and Mr. Abbas with money and aid. So the European Union, like the Americans are looking to increase the amount of their aid, or to redirect it, away from a Hamas-run government and toward these agencies and private organizations.


Summary: Hamas is committed to the destruction of Israel, defends the right to use arms to combat Israeli occupation, and considers Oslo null and void. The most Hamas offers is a long-term truce with Israel, as a stage to Muslim rule over all of former Palestine, if Israel agrees unilaterally to pull back to its pre-1967 boundaries and cede East Jerusalem. Hamas could also agree to prolong the current ''cease-fire'' with Israel for a year or more and work to keep a kind of unwritten temporary armistice with Israel. Under this idea, Hamas would tone down its rhetoric, as it is already doing, to try to consolidate its victory and not frighten Palestinians.

Summary: Hamas said that must be committed to nonviolence, recognize Israel and accept the previous agreements and commitments, like the Oslo accords that set up the Palestinian Authority and the ''road map'' peace plan, which calls for the dismantling of armed groups like Hamas. It is like asking Hamas to convert to Christianity, they concede. Hamas is committed to the destruction of Israel, defends the right to use arms to combat Israeli occupation, and considers Oslo null and void.


Summary: The United States, the European Union, Russia and the United Nations, the so-called quartet on the Middle East, have lined up in solidarity with Israel in calling on Hamas, which won the Palestinian legislative elections, to modify its radical policies. Much of the aid that goes to the Palestinians comes through United Nations agencies and nongovernmental organizations.

Summary: The United States, the European Union, Russia, and the United Nations the so-called Quartet on the Middle East have lined up in solidarity with Israel in calling on Hamas, which won the Palestinian legislative elections, to modify its radical policies. The United Nations said Tuesday that losses to Palestinian farmers had amounted to $500,000 a day. Much of the aid that goes to the Palestinians comes through United Nations agencies and nongovernmental organizations.


Summary: Like Amr Moussa, the head of the Arab League, some Arab countries are suggesting that Hamas endorse a Saudi-drafted peace plan unveiled at a 2002 Beirut summit meeting. That plan does not exactly recognize Israel, but says that if Israel agrees to return to boundaries before the 1967 war, accepts a sovereign Palestinian state in the rest of Palestine with East Jerusalem as its capital, and finds a "just solution" to the Palestinian refugee question, then Arab states will consider the Arab-Israeli conflict ended, and enter into a peace agreement with Israel, and provide security for all the states of the region. Israel rejected the plan, but Mr. Moussa and some diplomats believe that if Hamas can endorse it, then that would provide the words sufficient to ending its isolation.

Summary: Amr Moussa, the head of the Arab League, that Hamas endorses a Saudi-drafted peace plan unveiled at a 2002 Beirut summit meeting. That plan does not exactly recognize Israel but says that if Israel agrees to return to boundaries before the 1967 war, accepts a sovereign Palestinian state in the rest of Palestine with East Jerusalem as its capital but Mr. Moussa and some diplomats believe that if Hamas can endorse it, then that would provide the words sufficient to ending its isolation.


Summary: Hamas is the radical Islamic party is in control of Palestinian politics, that's why the village of three churches are panicking. Hamas leaders are seeking to calm both Palestinians and an anxious outside world, have projected moderation. Sheik Fadil Saleh, 53, a former imam who won a seat in Ramallah for Hamas said that one cannot force people to do what they do not want to do.

Summary: The village is of three churches, a brewer of very good beer, and no small fear, if not yet full panic, about what it means now that Hamas, the radical Islamic party, is in control of Palestinian politics. There is no certain answer to the question asked apprehensively around the West Bank and Gaza since Hamas swept the parliamentary elections last week that to what extent, by law or by social pressure, will Hamas impose its strong religious beliefs? So far Hamas leaders, seeking to calm both Palestinians and an anxious outside world, have projected moderation.


Summary: From 1976 to 2004, women made up just under 5 percent of the people who committed mass shootings and about 7 percent of those who killed in the workplace, said James Alan Fox, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston. Mr. Fox found no higher toll of victims killed by a woman in the workplace than Monday's.

Summary: James Alan Fox, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston who has studied workplace crime, said that from 1976 to 2004, women made up just under 5 percent of the people who committed mass shootings and about 7 percent of those who killed in the workplace. He also said that it is extremely rare since he found no higher toll of victims killed by a woman in the workplace than Monday's.


Summary: James Califano, the chairman of a Postal Service commission studying the violence, said that this report should shatter the myth that postal workers were more violent than other workers.

Summary: James Califano, the chairman of a Postal Service commission studying the violence, said that the report should shatter the myth that postal workers are more violent than other workers. His actual name is Joseph A. Califano Jr., not James Califano.


Summary: The authorities said identified the woman as Jennifer Sanmarco, 44, a former employee of the Santa Barbara Processing and Distribution Center, confronted employees with a 9-millimeter handgun. After working as a sorting clerk for six years, the woman went on medical disability for unspecified mental problems in June 2003 after co-workers reported her acting strangely and called sheriff's deputies. Randy DeGasperin, a United States Postal inspector, said that she wasn't considered a threat to anybody, but she was acting in a way that concerned employees.

Summary: A woman, identified as Jennifer Sanmarco, 44, of Grants, N.M., who had left her Postal Service job because of psychological problems, shot and killed five former colleagues and critically wounded another at a sorting plant here Monday night before fatally shooting herself, the authorities said Tuesday. The authorities said that she confronted employees with a 9-millimeter handgun. After working as a sorting clerk for six years, the woman went on medical disability for unspecified mental problems in June 2003 after co-workers reported her acting strangely and called sheriff's deputies, postal authorities said.


Summary: Randy DeGasperin, a United States Postal inspector, said that she wasn't considered a threat to anybody, but she was acting in a way that concerned employees. The building has no security guards, Mr. DeGasperin said, a situation that he said would be reviewed.

Summary: Randy DeGasperin, a United States Postal inspector, said of the 2003 incident, that the woman wasn't considered a threat to anybody, but she was acting in a way that concerned employees. She slso said that the building has no security guards, a situation that would be reviewed.


Summary: The authorities said a woman, who had left her Postal Service job because of psychological problems, shot and killed five former colleagues and critically wounded another at a sorting plant here Monday night before fatally shooting herself. Sheriff Anderson and Postal Service officials provided only sketchy information on the woman's background and the circumstances of her previous confrontation with employees and departure from the job. James Califano, the chairman of a Postal Service commission studying the violence, said that this report should shatter the myth that postal workers were more violent than other worker.

Summary: Jennifer Sanmarco, was that woman, who is 44, and from Grants, N.M., a former employee of the Santa Barbara Processing and Distribution Center, confronted employees with a 9-millimeter handgun, the authorities said. The authorities had not ideas if she was selecting the victims, all women except one, or shooting at random in what was one of the deadliest rampages at a Postal Service building. Sheriff Anderson and Postal Service officials provided only sketchy information on the woman's background and the circumstances of her previous confrontation with employees and departure from the job.


Summary: Jeff T. Blau, the president of Related, said his company had been working on the Third Avenue project since 2002, when it bought an adjacent building on the corner of 85th Street that houses a Gap store and an Equinox gym. He blamed the rent-control laws for the long delay. Mr. Blau said that the tenants in occupancy had taken a long time to clear out.

Summary: The president of Related, Jeff T. Blau, said his company had been working on the Third Avenue project since 2002, when it bought an adjacent building on the corner of 85th Street that houses a Gap store and an Equinox gym. He blamed the rent-control laws for the long delay. Mr. Blau said that the tenants in occupancy took a long time to clear out.


Summary: In the year of 2004, Jane Goldman, one of the daughters, had acquired the last building needed to assemble the site.

Summary: One of the daughters of Sol Goldman, Jane Goldman, had acquired the last building needed to assemble the site by 2004.


Summary: The Extell Development Company plans to demolish the tenements to develop a glassy L-shaped building that will fill the block between 85th and 86th Streets and extend east along the south side of 86th Street, occupying about a third of the block. Gary Barnett, the president of Extell, said he was negotiating leases for large spaces with a major bookseller and a clothing retailer. Extell's retail broker, Gary Trock, said the project would stimulate further development on 86th Street.

Summary: The Extell Development Company, on Lexington Avenue, plans to demolish the tenements to develop a glassy L-shaped building that will fill the block between 85th and 86th Streets and extend east along the south side of 86th Street, occupying about a third of the block. Gary Trock, who was the Extell's retail broker, a senior vice president at CB Richard Ellis, said the project would stimulate further development on 86th Street. Mr. Trock said that Extell is seeking an annual rent of $400 a square foot for the ground-floor space, a big jump for a street where rents were customarily less than $200 a square foot.


Summary: The president of Extell, Gary Barnett, said that he was negotiating leases for large spaces with a major bookseller and a clothing retailer. He said in an interview in his modest Midtown Manhattan offices, that his deal with the Goldmans was unusually complex, further he included that  the negotiations were somewhat innovative and extended.

Summary: Gary Barnett, the president of Extell, said he was negotiating leases for large spaces with a major bookseller and a clothing retailer. In an interview, Mr. Barnett said his deal with the Goldmans was unusually complex. He is also developing another Goldman property, the Stanhope Hotel on Fifth Avenue at 81st Street, which is being converted into condominiums.


Summary: Dr. Poulet at the Federal Polytechnical School of Lausanne in Switzerland, said that crickets had a very simple nervous system and made very loud noises. Several years ago, Dr. Poulet and Dr. Hedwig discovered that at the precise instant a cricket moved its forewing muscles to create a chirp, its auditory neurons became inhibited, or desensitized, presumably by some chemical neurotransmitter. Dr. Poulet used a trial and error approach to discovering the signal pathway, recording electrical discharges in neurons while a cricket was making chirping motions.

Summary: James F. A. Poulet, who is now at the Federal Polytechnical School of Lausanne in Switzerland, said that Crickets have a very simple nervous system and make very loud noises. Several years ago, Dr. Poulet and Dr. Hedwig discovered that at the precise instant a cricket moved its forewing muscles to create a chirp, its auditory neurons became inhibited, or desensitized, presumably by some chemical neurotransmitter. He also found that there were no corollary signals produced when the cricket was flying -- which it does by moving its wings, but in a different pattern than when chirping.


Summary: Mr. Jamal Abu Roub, 40, is a leader of the militant Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades in this turbulent corner of the West Bank and has spent the past five years leading his ragtag band of gunmen in frequent clashes with the Israeli military. The Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, which is made up of members of Mr. Mahmoud Abbas's Fatah party, emerged soon after the latest Palestinian uprising began in 2000. Mr. Abbas has repeatedly called on Al Aksa to lay down its weapons, but the various Al Aksa factions have largely ignored his call and have been responsible for much of the internal Palestinian chaos, like taking over government offices and election centers to demand jobs.

Summary: Mr. Roub, who is 40, is a leader of the militant Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, and he has spent the past five years leading his ragtag band of gunmen in frequent clashes with the Israeli military. The Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, which is made up of members of Mr. Abbas's Fatah party, emerged soon after the latest Palestinian uprising began in 2000.


Summary: The candidate's name is Jamal Abu Roub, but everyone here calls him Hitler because, well, that is the name he has answered to quite comfortably since he was a teenager. Mr. Roub, 40, is a leader of the militant Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades in this turbulent corner of the West Bank and has spent the past five years leading his ragtag band of gunmen in frequent clashes with the Israeli military. Mr. Roub is a candidate for the Palestinian Parliament and is virtually assured of winning a seat in the next elections. Mr. Roub has been arrested by Israel six times, starting when he was 17 and has been imprisoned for a total of more than seven years. He also has a degree in banking, and reels off the dates of his arrests and releases with a banker's precision.

Summary: Jamal Abu Roub, he is 40, but everyone calls him Hitler, that is the name he has answered to quite comfortably since he was a teenager. He is a leader of the militant Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades in this turbulent corner of the West Bank, and has spent the past five years leading his ragtag band of gunmen in frequent clashes with the Israeli military. His deeds include hauling a Palestinian suspected of collaborating with Israel and of molesting his own daughters into a town square, where the man was shot to death. When he was questioned that why he carries gun with him, he answered that he carry them for his protection.


Summary: In campaign advertisements, Mr. Roub and other candidates appeared, that vie for space among the thousands of posters plastered on every flat surface in town. The Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, which is made up of members of Mr. Abbas's Fatah party, emerged soon after the latest Palestinian uprising began in 2000. Mr. Roub mentioned that Fatah is very much divided and fragmented, and Abbas is trying to bring it together. He contends the election offers him a better way to continue his struggle with Israel.

Summary: Mr. Roub and other candidates for the Fatah movement appear in campaign advertisements that compete for space among the thousands of posters plastered on every flat surface in town. His first foray into politics was the Fatah primary election in November. Mr. Roub drew the largest number of votes out of more than 40 candidates in the Jenin region and he was given the No. 12 position on Fatah's list of parliamentary candidates, as a result.


Summary: Mr. Roub and other candidates for the Fatah movement appear in campaign advertisements that vie for space among the thousands of posters plastered on every flat surface in town. The Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, which is made up of members of Mr. Abbas's Fatah party, emerged soon after the latest Palestinian uprising began in 2000. Fatah is expected to get at least 35 percent of the vote, the most recent polls indicate.

Summary: Mr. Roub and other candidates for the Fatah movement appear in campaign advertisements that vie for space among the thousands of posters plastered on every flat surface in town. According to Mr. Roub, Fatah is very much divided and fragmented, and Abbas is trying to bring it together. He contends the election offers him a better way to continue his struggle with Israel, which has consumed his whole life. Fatah is expected to get at least 35 percent of the vote.


Summary: London will be home to what may be one of the largest initial public offerings ever when the Russian oil giant Rosneft makes its Western debut on the London Stock Exchange. The London Stock Exchange is poised to grab most of the nearly 100 planned listings from Russia in 2006, surpassing the New York Stock Exchange. Tracey Pierce, head of company services and the executive responsible for attracting foreign listings said, the exchange has employees from 14 countries who speak 17 languages.

Summary: The London Stock Exchange is poised to grab most of the nearly 100 planned listings from Russia in 2006, surpassing the New York Stock Exchange. In addition, the London exchange has engaged in running an aggressive marketing campaign to attract companies in Asia, Russia and Eastern Europe. Tracey Pierce, head of company services at the London exchange and the executive responsible for attracting foreign listings, said that the exchange has employees from 14 countries who speak 17 languages.


Summary: Recent events like Gazprom's temporary suspension of gas delivery to Ukraine are indicative of the unpredictability of these companies, he said.

Summary: Geoffrey Wood, a professor of economics at Cass Business School in London, said that recent events like Gazprom's temporary suspension of gas delivery to Ukraine are indicative of the unpredictability of these companies.


Summary: London will be home to what may be one of the largest initial public offerings ever later this year, when the Russian oil giant Rosneft makes its Western debut on the London Stock Exchange. The listing of Rosneft is one of the most visible rewards yet for London's financial markets, which have embraced the Russian and central Asian companies buoyed by the boom in energy and commodities. The Rosneft deal will be led by four banks: ABN Amro, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein, J. P. Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley.

Summary: Russian oil giant Rosneft makes its Western debut on the London Stock Exchange. The listing of Rosneft, expected in June, is one of the most visible rewards yet for London's financial markets, which have embraced the Russian and central Asian companies buoyed by the boom in energy and commodities. The Rosneft deal will be led by four banks: ABN Amro, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein, J. P. Morgan Chase, and Morgan Stanley. State-controlled Rosneft, in particular, has been a lightning rod for criticism, after the company bought the biggest asset of Yukos at a depressed price last year, as part of the government's attempt to consolidate natural resources and seize power from Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky, the founder of Yukos.


Summary: Marion Wiesel, Mr. Wiesel's wife and the translator of the new edition of ''Night,'' said in an interview that among the changes were a reference to the age of the book's narrator i.e., Mr. Wiesel -- when he arrives in 1944 at Birkenau. Wiesel expressed surprise when told of the statement in the teacher's guide, which she said neither she nor her husband had ever seen. Wiesel said that include a change to a description of furtive sexual activity by some of the young prisoners as they traveled to Auschwitz in a cattle car. Wiesel said when the publisher Arthur Wang approached her several years ago to consider making a new translation of ''Night,'' she did not believe it was necessary.

Summary: Marion Wiesel, Mr. Elie Wiesel's wife and the translator of the new edition of ''Night,'' said in an interview that among the changes were a reference to the age of the book's narrator that is, Mr. Wiesel is when he arrives in 1944 at Birkenau, the entry point for Auschwitz. Ms. Wiesel made some alterations including a changed description of furtive sexual activity by some of the young prisoners as they traveled to Auschwitz in a cattle car. Ms. Wiesel said when the publisher Arthur Wang approached her several years ago to consider making a new translation she did not believe it was necessary. Wiesel said, she came to believe that the earlier version lacked the subtlety of the French original.


Summary: Oprah Winfrey's choice of ''Night'' as the next selection for her television book club on Monday immediately sent the book to the top of national best-seller lists. Winfrey chose it last fall for her book club, but a furor erupted last week when The Smoking Gun, an investigative Web site, reported that police and other legal records contradicted portions of Mr. James Frey's accounts of his past. Winfrey's last book club selection, the memoir ''A Million Little Pieces'' by James Frey raised some questions but were not significant enough.

Summary: Oprah Winfrey's choice was Elie Wiesel's Night as the next selection for her television book club and immediately sent the book to the top of national best-seller lists. Georges Borchardt said that the differences in the new edition are not significant enough to justify the questions which raised in Mr. Winfrey's last book club selection, the memoir ''A Million Little Pieces'' by James Frey


Summary: Dr. Katherine Simms, a Celtic historian at Trinity College who advised the geneticists and was a co-author of their report, said some historians had assumed that the common ancestor of the Ui Neill was merely a mythical divine ancestor figure, imagined in order to explain the political links that existed between the dynasties themselves in the later period. But Dr. Bradley's findings, appear to confirm that the Ui Neill really did come from a common ancestor, and perhaps that the mythical narrative of Niall's birth and ascent to kingship had a genetic basis.

Summary: Dr. Katherine Simms, who is a Celtic historian at Trinity College advised the geneticists and also was a co-author of their report, said some historians had assumed that the common ancestor of the Ui Neill was merely a mythical divine ancestor figure, imagined in order to explain the political links that existed between the dynasties themselves in the later period. But Dr. Bradley founds different, she said, she appear to confirm that the Ui Neill really did come from a common ancestor, and perhaps that the mythical narrative of Niall's birth and ascent to kingship ''had a genetic basis.''


Summary: Niall is thought to be the patriarch of the Ui Neill, meaning ''the descendants of Niall,'' a group of dynasties that claimed the high kingship and ruled the northwest and other parts of Ireland. Dr. Bradley tested Irishmen with Ui Neill surnames and found the I.M.H. signature was much more common among them than among Irishmen as a whole. Dr. Catherine McKenna of Harvard University said that the evidence for the Ui Neill as a political construct was strong enough that historians wouldn't readily believe in the historical reality of Niall himself.

Summary: The evidence for the Ui Neill as a political construct is strong enough that historians wouldn't believe in the historical reality of Niall of the Nine Hostages, an Irish high king of the fifth century A.D. Dr. Katherine Simms said some historians had assumed that the common ancestor of the Ui Neill was "merely a mythical divine ancestor figure, imagined in order to explain the political links that existed between the dynasties themselves in the later period." But Dr. Bradley's findings appear to confirm that the Ui Neill really did come from a common ancestor, and perhaps that the mythical narrative of Niall's birth and ascent to kingship had a genetic basis. The new genetic evidence may convince historians that there was a common ancestor for at least one of the major branches of the Ui Neill, such as the Cenel nEogain, which lived in an area of northwest Ireland.


Summary: Elizabeth Warren, a professor at Harvard Law School who specializes in bankruptcy, said that Chapter 11 was traditionally about sharing the pain, but now it is more a game of feast and famine, starving the shareholders and creditors while the management team grows fat on big salaries. She also said that a trend of excessive pay for officials at bankrupt companies is a troubling result of the lack of pushback from other stakeholders. The lawyers and management team are running the show.

Summary: ''Chapter 11 was traditionally about sharing the pain,'' said Elizabeth Warren, a professor at Harvard Law School who specializes in bankruptcy, ''but now it is more a game of feast and famine -- starving the shareholders and creditors while the management team grows fat on big salaries.'' How fat? Warren of Harvard said a trend of excessive pay for officials at bankrupt companies is a troubling result of the lack of pushback from other stakeholders.


Summary: Dr. David F. Archer, a reproductive endocrinologist at the Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk estimates, based on what he calls the "very sparse literature," that 5 percent of women quit the pill because of side effects. He says that a larger percentage may notice lowered libido, but keep taking the pill anyway. Women who have said that they have no interest in sex can have a serum testosterone level in the high normal range. Perhaps, something besides testosterone is at work.

Summary: Dr. David F. Archer, a reproductive endocrinologist at the Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk said that "There's been limited attention paid to this area". Dr. Archer estimates, that 5 percent of women quit the pill because of side effects, based on what he calls the ''very sparse literature''. Further he said that women who have said, 'I have no interest in sex,' can have a serum testosterone level in the high normal range.


Summary: Dr. John Bancroft is a senior research fellow at the Kinsey Institute at Indiana University, living near Oxford, England, whose research indicates that at least one user of oral contraceptives in four has sexual side effects. He has found contradictory evidence. In a study that is under way, he has measured sex hormone binding globulin in women who have taken the pill in the past and has found their levels to be normal. Dr. Bancroft plans to measure testosterone levels before and after subjects start taking contraceptives.

Summary: ''I think there's been a serious neglect on the part of the medical profession and the pharmaceutical industry,'' said Dr. John Bancroft, a senior research fellow at the Kinsey Institute at Indiana University, who lives near Oxford, England. Dr. Bancroft's research indicates that at least one user of oral contraceptives in four has sexual side effects. Dr. Bancroft has found contradictory evidence. Dr. Bancroft plans to measure testosterone levels before and after subjects start taking contraceptives.


Summary: In a statement, Joseph Tacopina, Mr. Stern's new lawyer, said that Mr. Stern has been the victim of a fallacious smear campaign, and expects to be fully exonerated and reinstated in his position. The accusations aimed at Mr. Stern have put Page Six, Mr. Johnson and gossip journalism under scrutiny, turning the spotlight onto a world far removed from what most newspaper reporters and editors are accustomed to.

Summary: It is a well-known element of the glossy magazine business and was even a kind of expectation for a society columnist in the days of ''Sweet Smell of Success.'' Yesterday, as the story again dominated the front page of the Post's chief rival, The Daily News, Mr. Stern got a new lawyer, Joseph Tacopina, who replaced Edward Hayes.


Summary: L. John Doerr, a partner in the venture capital firm, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, has over 26 years has helped start dozens of ventures, including Sun Microsystems, Amazon.com and Google. He help found the New Schools Venture Fund in San Francisco six years ago for a new breed of entrepreneur -- the kind who doesn't have to produce a profit. Mr. Doerr has contributed to the New Schools Venture Fund. When asked in contrast to the high-tech entrepreneurs he has backed over the years with the educators he is financing today, Mr. Doerr said that the education entrepreneurs have it harder. They must overcome massive institutional resistance.

Summary: L. John Doerr, who over 26 years has helped start dozens of ventures, including Sun Microsystems, Amazon.com and Google has helped found the New Schools Venture Fund in San Francisco six years ago for a new breed of entrepreneur, the kind who doesn't have to produce a profit. Mr. Doerr is a partner on Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, the venture capital firm.


Summary: VNU came under attack from its shareholders, not just hedge funds, but also old-guard institutions like Fidelity, after it tried to buy IMS Health. The investors successfully pushed the company to drop the deal and to effectively oust Rob van den Bergh, the chief executive who had promoted VNU's bid. A consortium of private equity investors showed up on VNU's doorstep with a takeover offer worth $8.9 billion that conveniently found its way into the newspapers. NOW, under some duress, VNU has discloded information about the inner working of the company to the investor group, which includes AlpInvest Partners, the Blackstone Group, the Carlyle Group, Hellman & Friedman, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, Permira and Thomas H. Lee Partners to perform due diligence.

Summary: VNU came under attack from its shareholders -- not just hedge funds, but also old-guard institutions like Fidelity -- after it tried to buy IMS Health, a health care market researcher. A consortium of private equity investors showed up on VNU's doorstep with a takeover offer worth $8.9 billion that conveniently found its way into the newspapers. Inside VNU, according to people close to it, there is an internal divide about what to do -- and whether management may simply have to take the deal because the genie is already out of the bottle. If VNU doesn't agree to be acquired, it could be left in the same awkward spot that the Computer Sciences Corporation, a technology outsourcing company, is now in.


Summary: L. John Doerr, who over 26 years has helped start ventures like Sun Microsystems, Amazon.com and Google, said that they give education entrepreneurs money to start or to speed up building their companies.

Summary: L. John Doerr, for over 26 years has helped start dozens of ventures, including Sun Microsystems, Amazon.com and Google.


Summary: Last year, Theodore Mitchell was hired by the organization as the new chief executive. He was the former president of Occidental College and dean of the School of Education at the University of California, Los Angeles, now the education adviser to Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. Mr. Mitchell's first goal is to raise an additional $125 million to finance charter school expansions, as well as to help their performance by financing teacher training, information processing centers and other ancillary services. At a recent session in Silicon Valley, Mr. Mitchell grilled charter school organizers from Chicago who were seeking $4.5 million to expand from one high school to seven. According to Mr. Mitchell, the New Schools board approved the investment in Chicago because the organizers stressed the basics of improving educational performance.

Summary: Last year the organization hired a new chief executive, Theodore Mitchell, a former president of Occidental College and dean of the School of Education at the University of California, Los Angeles, now the education adviser to Gov. Mr. Mitchell's first goal is to raise an additional $125 million to finance charter school expansions, as well as to help their performance by financing teacher training, information processing centers and other ancillary services. At a recent session in Silicon Valley, Mr. Mitchell grilled charter school organizers from Chicago who were seeking $4.5 million to expand from one high school to seven. Asked to contrast the high-tech entrepreneurs he has backed over the years with the educators he is financing today, Mr. Doerr responded without hesitation that the education entrepreneurs have it harder. They must overcome massive institutional resistance.


Summary: Sporadic talks continued into the evening with the hope of finding a framework for a deal that would allow construction of the Freedom Tower, the largest of five towers planned for the site, to begin next month. In one of a flurry of meetings yesterday, Mr. Bloomberg met with Governor Pataki at state offices on Third Avenue to resolve their differences over the tentative agreement that would transfer control of the Freedom Tower from Mr. Silverstein to the Port Authority. If Mr. Silverstein sheds the financial responsibility for the Freedom Tower, he would still retain the right to build three towers on the most valuable sites, along Church Street.


Summary: Operating profits for the companies in the Standard & Poor's 500-stock index are expected to grow by 10.6 percent this year, but as recently as the end of last year the consensus forecast was a gain of 12.9 percent, David Rosenberg, an economist at Merrill Lynch, said in a note to investors.

Summary: David Rosenberg, an economist at Merrill Lynch, said Operating profits for the companies in the Standard & Poor's 500-stock index are expected to grow by 10.6 percent this year but at the end of last year the consensus forecast was a gain of 12.9 percent


Summary: Gairat B. Salimov, an automotive analyst at the investment firm, Troika, explained that they don't want to show which one of them gave up what in the settlement as he doesn't know if this is the end of their dispute, or just a truce. Mr. Salimov said that any new Russian automotive works could not begin production sooner than 2009 and would entail substantial risks, suggesting that the G.M. venture was not facing an immediate threat.

Summary: Gairat B. Salimov, an automotive analyst at Troika explained that they don't want to show which one of them gave up what in the settlement. Mr. Salimov said that he don't know if there is the end of their dispute, or just a truce any new Russian automotive works could not begin production sooner than 2009 and would entail substantial risks, and also he suggested that the G.M. venture was not facing an immediate threat.


Summary: State Senator, Leonard Lance, of Hunterdon County, said that as the first major financial decision as governor, Jon S. Corzine has chosen to borrow more.

Summary: State Senator Leonard Lance, of Hunterdon County said that He has chosen as his first major financial decision as governor to borrow more.


Summary: Veronique Hakim, general counsel for M.T.A. Capital Construction, appeared as the agency's principal spokeswoman. She told the committee was being planned in different categories of security improvements. She declined to provide details but said the authority would spend $220 million on ''hardening'' M.T.A. properties against attack, $25 million on ''peripheral'' security improvements like fences and security gates, and $80 million on firefighting and emergency equipment. She declined to identify contractors or discuss their work.

Summary: Veronique Hakim, he is the general counsel for M.T.A. He appeared as the agency's principal spokeswoman. Hakim told that for security improvements, committee was being planned in different categories. Hakim's appearance was arranged in advance by Katherine N. Lapp, who was the authority executive director. She declined to provide details, but said the authority would spend $220 million on ''hardening'' M.T.A. properties against attack, $25 million on ''peripheral'' security improvements like fences and security gates, and $80 million on firefighting and emergency equipment.


Had Bishop
Elizabeth
Bishop
Elizabeth Bishop

Summary: Elizabeth Bishop, one of the most respected American poets, published just 90-odd poems in her lifetime. She had a reputation for perfecting poems over many years and refusing to publish those that did not meet her exacting standards.

Summary: Helen Vendler takes on Alice Quinn of The New Yorker, arguably the country's most prominent poetry editor, for editing ''Edgar Allan Poe & the Juke-Box: Uncollected Poems, Drafts and Fragments,'' by Elizabeth Bishop, one of the most respected of American poets. The book, published last month by Farrar, Straus & Giroux, features nearly 120 pieces of Bishop's unpublished work. She published just 90-odd poems in her lifetime. For many readers, these manuscripts and fragments provide an important window into Bishop's creative process while also feeding a hunger for more of this spare poet's work. But some people believe that Bishop, who had a reputation for perfecting poems over many years and refusing to publish those that did not meet her exacting standards, never intended for this work to be published. Bringing it out now, more than 25 years after her death, is unfair to her legacy, they say.


Summary: The indictment of Mr. Terry N. Christensen, the lead partner of the Century City law firm, on wiretapping and conspiracy charges centered on his work for Mr. Kerkorian in 2002 during paternity and a child support battle with his former wife, Lisa Bonder Kerkorian.

Summary: Mr. Wasser was the unnamed lawyer referred to in a Feb. 15 indictment of Terry N. Christensen, the lead partner of a top Century City law firm and longtime outside counsel to Mr. Kerkorian. The indictment of Mr. Christensen on wiretapping and conspiracy charges centered on his work for Mr. Kerkorian in 2002 during a paternity and child support battle with his former wife, Lisa Bonder Kerkorian. Mr. Christensen hired Mr. Pellicano in late March 2002. On March 15, the indictment says, Mr. Pellicano was called by an unnamed lawyer -- now identified as Mr. Wasser by a lawyer involved in the case. Mr. Christensen paid Mr. Pellicano $25,000 to begin wiretapping her phone. The next day, court records show, Mr. Kerkorian and Mr. Christensen met with the philanthropist and Hollywood producer Steve Bing, the girl's real father, and asked him to take a DNA test.


Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company

Summary: Ever since Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company's hostile takeover of RJR Nabisco in 1989, leveraged-buyout shops have disavowed pursuing hostile deals and worked to remake their image as friends of management while renaming themselves ''private equity firms'', which sounds so much more civilized. Henry R. Kravis has gone to great lengths to appear as a friend of corporate America over the past decade and a half, publicly declaring that his firm won't pursue hostile deals anymore.

Summary: Ever since Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company's hostile takeover of RJR Nabisco in 1989, leveraged-buyout shops have disavowed pursuing hostile deals and worked to remake their image as friends of management while renaming themselves "private equity firms", which sounds so much more civilized. Henry R. Kravis, the original barbarian at the gate (to borrow the memorable phrase that Bryan Burrough and John Helyar used to describe the men behind that landmark hostile takeover), has gone to great lengths to appear as a friend of corporate America over the past decade and a half, publicly declaring that his firm won't pursue hostile deals anymore.


Summary: Patrick J. Lynch, president of the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association said that pattern bargaining represents an example of bad faith bargaining and lazy bargaining because there is no risk to the city for not negotiating in good faith. Mr. Lynch called for a ban on pattern bargaining and for bringing pressure on the city to speed up collective bargaining by charging it interest on money that accrues when public employees' raises are delayed.

Summary: Among the labor leaders appearing yesterday were Patrick J. Lynch, president of the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association, and Randi Weingarten, president of the United Federation of Teachers. Mr. Lynch maintained that the Taylor Law had allowed the city to avoid timely good-faith bargaining with the police union for 20 years. He also called for a ban on pattern bargaining and for bringing pressure on the city to speed up collective bargaining by charging it interest on money that accrues when public employees' raises are delayed.


Summary: Joe Nunez, the associate director of government relations for the California Teachers Association, said that they are neutral on charter schools which are good when they respond to local needs of families and teachers.

Summary: Joe Nunez, who was the associate director of government relations for the California Teachers Association said ''We are neutral on charter schools,''. He further said that they're good when they respond to local needs of families and teachers.


Summary: New Schools Venture Fund was found in San Francisco six years ago for a new breed of entrepreneur, the kind who doesn't have to produce a profit. New Schools does not earn the standard three to five times its investment in five years. Financing from New Schools and charitable foundations is used to build or buy school properties and to get elementary, middle and high schools up and running. New Schools Venture Fund is still investing its first $80 million. New Schools has begun raising another $125 million to expand the reach of charter schools as models of reform for traditional public school systems.

Summary: He help found the New Schools Venture Fund in San Francisco six years ago for a new breed of entrepreneur -- the kind who doesn't have to produce a profit. New Schools Venture Fund is still investing its first $80 million, contributed by individuals like Mr. Doerr and organizations like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which gave $22 million. New Schools has begun raising another $125 million to expand the reach of charter schools as models of reform for traditional public school systems. Burton is seeking $11 million more from New Schools Venture Fund and other donors to achieve the alliance's 20-school goal, in a collaboration with the Los Angeles Unified District for helping huge classroom needs for the area's expanding population. There goals are big.


Summary: According to Ryan Toohey, Eliot Spitzer's campaign manager, Attorney General Eliot Spitzer, a Democrat who is running for governor, does not support the Legislature's new amendment proposal but Mr. Spitzer appears to be seeking a middle ground and would be willing to work with the Legislature to craft a new constitutional amendment to prevent future abuses of this power while at the same time preserving the governor's necessary ability to propose appropriate changes.

Summary: Eliot Spitzer, an attorney general, a Democrat who is running for governor, does not support the Legislature's new amendment proposal, according to his campaign manager, Ryan Toohey. But Mr. Spitzer appears to be seeking a middle ground and it would be willing to work with the Legislature to craft a new constitutional amendment to prevent future abuses of this power while at the same time preserving the governor's necessary ability to propose appropriate changes, said by Mr. Toohey.


Summary: According to Blair Horner, legislative director of the New York Public Interest Research Group, what the Legislature ends up doing is delaying the whole process, or threatening to, unless the governor relents on various points, and the governor uses at least some of his proposals as a ploy to force concessions. She also added that the appropriations bills should be used for spending, and the policy changes should be debated separately.

Summary: So finally Legislature ends up doing is delaying or threatening the whole process, unless the governor relents on various points, and the governor uses at least some of his proposals as a ploy to force concessions, according to Blair Horner, the legislative director of the New York Public Interest Research Group. He said that the appropriations bills should be used for spending, and the policy changes should be debated separately.


Summary: Joseph L. Bruno, the Republican Senate majority leader, told reporters on Monday that passing budget bills is very difficult because of the stupid court decision that gave the governor practically all the rights.

Summary: Joseph L. Bruno, the Republican Senate majority leader, told to the reporters that passing budget bills is very, very difficult according to him. He further asked rhetorically that why? before explaining the answer it was because of the stupid court decision that gave the governor practically all the rights, explained by him. According to him, it's a great invention.


Summary: The city recently issued a report concluding that Larry A. Silverstein, the developer who controls the lease at the World Trade Center site, would run out of money for the project in 2009, then default on his lease and walk away with hundreds of millions of dollars in profit. Mr. Schumer has long argued that the trade center site should remain a commercial center.


Summary: The Gallup Poll had a 24 percent approval rating for Richard M. Nixon in July 1974.


Summary: The port agreement and the pessimism on Iraq appear to be significant factors in driving Mr. Bush's approval ratings back down to the lowest levels of his presidency. Mr. Bush's latest job performance rating is the lowest measured for him in a poll conducted by The Times or CBS News, though virtually indistinguishable from the 35 percent job approval in a CBS poll last October. Times/CBS News polls showed George Bush with 34 percent in June 1992 and Bill Clinton with 36 percent in September 1994.

Summary: The port agreement and the pessimism on Iraq appear to be significant factors in driving Mr. Bush's approval ratings back down to the lowest levels of his presidency. Mr. Bush's latest job performance rating is the lowest measured for him in a poll which is  conducted by The Times or CBS News, though virtually indistinguishable from the 35 percent job approval in a CBS poll. There has been a decline in Mr. Bush's support even among Republicans.


Summary: Altynbek Sarsenbaiuly, 43, was gunned down on a desolate street in a suburb of Almaty, Kazakhstan. Mr. Sarsenbaiuly, who once served as Kazakhstan's ambassador to Russia and was personally close to Mr. Nazarbayev, defected from the president's inner circle to help lead an opposition party called For a Just Kazakhstan. Mr. Sarsenbaiuly was widely viewed as the most promising of the candidates likely to win any future contest for president.

Summary: The victim, Altynbek Sarsenbaiuly, 43, was gunned down Feb. 11 on a desolate street in a suburb of Almaty, Kazakhstan's booming business center and largest city. Three years ago Mr. Sarsenbaiuly, who once served as Kazakhstan's ambassador to Russia and was personally close to Mr. Nazarbayev, defected from the president's inner circle to help lead an opposition party called For a Just Kazakhstan. Early statements from government officials suggested that the killings had been motivated by Mr. Sarsenbaiuly's business dealings.


Summary: Thomas Yoho, who reviewed all four audits before KPMG certified the statements, accepted a censure by the S.E.C. but was not part of the consent decree filed in federal court. Mr. Yoho remains a KPMG partner.

Summary: A fourth partner, Thomas Yoho, who reviewed all four audits before KPMG certified the statements, accepted a censure by the S.E.C. but was not part of the consent decree filed in federal court. Mr. Yoho remained a KPMG partner. A lawyer for Mr. Yoho said his client was pleased to have put the matter behind him.


Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The fines are insignificant in relation to the total of about $55 million already assessed in penalties as a result of the audits, which the S.E.C. said allowed Xerox to engage in fraudulent manipulations of leases for its equipment, inflating profits. Even after Xerox restated its results and accepted a fine of $10 million, KPMG insisted that it had acted properly and that the S.E.C. was pursuing the case to justify its large expenses in the investigation.

Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits yesterday with the Securities and Exchange Commission, with two of them agreeing to pay the largest fines ever levied by the commission against individual auditors. The fines are insignificant in relation to the total of about $55 million already assessed in penalties as a result of the audits, which according to the S.E.C., allowed Xerox to engage in fraudulent manipulations of leases for its equipment, inflating profits. Even after Xerox restated its results and accepted a fine of $10 million, KPMG insisted that it had acted properly and that the S.E.C. was pursuing the case to justify its large expenses in the investigation.


Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits with the Securities and Exchange Commission, with two of them agreeing to pay the largest fines ever levied by the commission against individual auditors. The settlements brought an end to one of the most contentious fights between the S.E.C. and an auditing firm. In addition to the fines, the three partners who accepted consent decrees were suspended from practicing before the S.E.C., which means that they cannot audit public companies.

Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits yesterday with the Securities and Exchange Commission, with two of them agreeing to pay the largest fines ever levied by the commission against individual auditors. The commission's director of enforcement, Linda Chatman Thomsen, said that this case represents the S.E.C.'s willingness to litigate important accounting fraud allegations against major accounting firms and their audit partners, even where the accounting was complex.


Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits with the Securities and Exchange Commission, with two of them agreeing to pay the largest fines ever. Even after Xerox restated its results and accepted a fine of $10 million, KPMG insisted that it had acted properly and that the S.E.C. was pursuing the case to justify its large expenses in the investigation. KPMG argued that it forced Xerox to restate earlier financial results in 2000. KPMG settled with the S.E.C. in April 2005, as new leadership at the firm sought to put the legal issues behind it.

Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits yesterday with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Even after Xerox restated its results and accepted a fine of $10 million, KPMG insisted that it had acted properly and that the S.E.C. was pursuing the case to justify its large expenses in the investigation. KPMG settled with the S.E.C. in April 2005, as new leadership at the firm sought to put the legal issues behind it.


Summary: Anthony P. Dolanski, who supervised the 1997 audit, agreed to pay $100,000. Mr. Dolanski left the firm in 1998 to take another job.

Summary: Anthony P. Dolanski, a third partner,  who supervised the 1997 audit, agreed to pay $100,000. In addition to the fines, he was also suspended from practicing before the S.E.C., which means that he could not audit public companies. He could reapply in one year but left the firm in 1998 to take another job.


Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits with the Securities and Exchange Commission, with two of them agreeing to pay the largest fines ever levied by the commission against individual auditors. The fines are insignificant about the total of about $55 million already assessed in penalties, which the S.E.C. said allowed Xerox to engage in fraudulent manipulations of leases for its equipment, inflating profits. The settlements brought an end to one of the most contentious fights between the S.E.C. and an auditing firm.

Summary: Four auditors from KPMG who were involved in its audits of the Xerox Corporation settled suits yesterday with the Securities and Exchange Commission, with two of them agreeing to pay the largest fines ever levied by the commission against individual auditors. The fines are insignificant in relation to the total of about $55 million already assessed in penalties as a result of the audits, which, according to the S.E.C., allowed Xerox to engage in fraudulent manipulations of leases for its equipment, inflating profits. The commission's director of enforcement, Linda Chatman Thomsen, said this case represents the S.E.C.'s willingness to litigate important accounting fraud allegations against major accounting firms and their audit partners, even where the accounting was complex.


Summary: Michael A. Conway, formerly the top technical accounting partner at the firm and the senior partner in the Xerox audit of 2000, agreed to pay $150,000 fines. Mr. Conway retired in 2004.

Summary: The former top technical accounting partner at the firm and the senior partner in the Xerox audit of 2000, Michael A. Conway, along with Ronald A. Safran, agreed to pay $150,000 fines each. In addition to fines, they were suspended from practicing before the S.E.C., which meant that they could not audit public companies but Mr. Conway can reapply in two years. He retired in 2004.


Summary: Kathleen Jaeger, president, and chief executive of the Generic Pharmaceutical Association, said the government would have to spend only another $15 million annually to eliminate the backlog of generic-drug applications. With federal and state governments spending hundreds of billions of dollars on drug purchases annually, such an investment would pay for itself quickly as the government could buy cheaper pills, Ms. Jaeger said.

Summary: President and chief executive of the Generic Pharmaceutical Association, Kathleen Jaeger, said the government would have to spend only another $15 million annually to eliminate the backlog of generic-drug applications. She said that with federal and state governments spending hundreds of billions of dollars on drug purchases annually, such an investment would pay for itself quickly as the government could buy cheaper pills and that the generic-drug industry would consider fees if the drug agency would close unintended loopholes and regulatory abuses that delay the introduction of generic drugs by months and years.


Summary: Flonase is one of the most popular drugs in the world, with $1.14 billion in sales last year. GlaxoSmithKline, the British drug giant that makes Flonase, filed two ''citizen petitions,'' each with supplements, asking the agency to consider or reconsider various aspects of the approval process.

Summary: Flonase, a popular allergy spray, is one of the most popular drugs in the world, with $1.14 billion in sales last year. Mark Vincent, a spokesman for Boehringer Ingelheim, which owns Roxane, said the company began shipping the generic version of Flonase, which was approved for sale by federal drug regulators, on Wednesday.