num_pages: 264
description: The life of an aristocratic Carolingian man involved an array of behaviors and duties associated with his gender and rank: an education in arms and letters; training in horsemanship soldiery and hunting; betrothal marriage and the virile production of heirs; and the masterful command of a prominent household. In Be a Perfect Man  Andrew J. Romig argues that Carolingian masculinity was constituted just as centrally by the performance of caritas  defined by the early medieval scholar Alcuin of York as a complete and all-inclusive love for God and for fellow human beings flowing from the whole heart mind and soul. The authority of the Carolingian man depended not only on his skills in warfare and landholding but also on his performances of empathy devotion and asceticism.Romig maps caritas as a concept rooted in a vast body of inherited Judeo-Christian and pagan philosophies shifting in meaning and association from the patristic era to the central Middle Ages. Carolingian discussions and representations of caritas served as a discourse of power a means by which early medieval writers made claims both explicit and implicit about the hierarchies of power that they believed ought to exist within their world. During the late eighth ninth and early tenth centuries they creatively invoked caritas to link aristocratic men with divine authority. Romig gathers conduct handbooks theological tracts poetry classical philosophy church legislation and exegetical texts to outline an associative process of gender ideology in the Carolingian Middle Ages one that framed masculinity asceticism and authority as intimately interdependent. The association of power and empathy remains with us to this day Romig argues as a justification for existing hierarchies of authority privilege and prestige.
language: English
title: Be a Perfect Man: Christian Masculinity and the Carolingian Aristocracy
publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press