num_pages: 140
description: The era between empire and communism is routinely portrayed as a catastrophic interlude in China's modern history. But in this book Frank Diktter shows that the first half of the twentieth century was characterized by unprecedented openness. He argues that from 1900 to 1949 all levels of Chinese society were seeking engagement with the rest of the world and that pursuit of openness was particularly evident in four governance including advances in liberties and the rule of law; greater freedom of movement within the country and outside it; the spirited exchange of ideas in the humanities and sciences; and thriving and open markets and the resulting sustained growth in the economy. Hong Kong University Press
language: English
title: The Age of Openness: China before Mao
publisher: University of California Press