num_pages: 432
description: Introduction Amsterdam is a compact, instantly likeable capital. It's appealing to look at and pleasant to walk around, an intriguing mix of the parochial and the international; it also has a welcoming attitude towards visitors and a uniquely youthful orientation, shaped by the liberal counterculture of the last three decades. It's hard not to feel drawn in by the buzz of open-air summer events, by the intimacy of the clubs and bars, or by the Dutch facility with just about everyone you meet in Amsterdam will be able to speak near- perfect English, on top of their own native Dutch and fluent German and French. The city's layout is determined by a web of canals radiating out from a historical core to loop right around the these planned, seventeenth-century extensions to the medieval town make for a uniquely elegant urban environment, with tall, gabled houses reflected in their still, green water. With its tree-lined canals, cobbled streets, tinkling bicycle bells and stately architecture, Amsterdam is a world away from the traffic and noise of other European city centres – modern and quiet, while still retaining a perfectly preserved 400-year-old centre. The conventional sights are for the most part low-key – the Anne Frank House being a notable exception – but, thanks to an active and continuing government policy of supporting the arts, Amsterdam has developed a world-class group of museums and galleries. The Van Gogh Museum is, for many people, reason enough to visit the city; add to it the Rijksmuseum, with its collections of medieval and seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, the contemporary and experimental Stedelijk Museum, and hundreds of smaller galleries, and the quality and range of art on display is evident. However, it's Amsterdam's population and politics that constitute its most enduring characteristics. Celebrated during the 1960s and 1970s for its radical permissiveness, the city mellowed only marginally during the 1980s, and, despite the inevitable gentrification of the last decade, it retains a laid-back feel. It is, however, far from being as cosmopolitan a city as London or despite the huge numbers of immigrants from former colonies in Surinam and Indonesia, as well as Morocco and Turkey (among other places), almost all live and work outside the centre and can seem almost invisible to the casual visitor. Indeed there is an ethnic and social homogeneity in the city-centre population that seems to run counter to everything you might have heard of Dutch integration. This apparent contradiction embodies much of the spirit of Amsterdam. The city is world famous as a place where the possession and sale of cannabis are effectively legal – and yet, for the most part, Amsterdammers themselves can't really be bothered with the stuff. And while Amsterdam is renowned for its tolerance towards all styles of behaviour and dress, a more prim, correct-thinking capital city, with a more mainstream dress sense, would be hard to find. Behind the cosy cafés and dreamy canals lurks the suspicion that Amsterdammers' hearts lie squarely in their wallets. And while newcomers might see the city as a haven of liberalism and tolerance, Amsterdammers can seem just as indifferent to this as well. In recent years, increasingly hard-line city mayors have taken this conservatism on board and seem to have embarked on a generally successful – if unspoken – policy of quashing Amsterdam's image as a counterculture icon and depicting it instead as a centre for business and international high finance. Most of the inner-city squats – which once defined Amsterdam's people-power for locals and visitors alike – are now either empty or legalized. Coffeeshops are now forced to choose between selling dope or alcohol, and, if only for economic reasons, many are switching to the latter. Such shifts in attitude, combined with alterations to the city's landscape, in the form of large-scale urban development projects on the outskirts and an almost continuous modernization of buildings and infrastructure in the historic centre, together generate an unmistakeable feeling that Amsterdam and its people are busy reinventing themselves, writing off their hippyish adventures and returning to earlier, more respectable days. Perhaps mercifully, this hasn't happened yet, and Amsterdam remains a casual and intimate place, modern and innovative yet comfortably familiar. Amsterdammers themselves make much of their city and its attractions being gezellig, a rather overused Dutch word roughly corresponding to a combination of "cosy", "lived-in" and "warmly convivial". The city's unparalleled selection of gezellig drinking places is a delight, whether you choose a traditional, bare-floored brown café or one of the many designer bars or "grand cafés". Amsterdam's unique approach to combating hard-drug abuse – embodied in the effective decriminalization of cannabis – has led to a large number of coffeeshops, which sell coffee only as a sideline to high-quality marijuana and hashish. The city's wide range of entertainment possibilities means you need never wonder what to multimedia complexes like the Melkweg are at the forefront of contemporary European film, dance, drama and music, while dozens of other venues present live music from all genres (the Dutch have a particular soft spot for jazz), and, resident in the world- famous Concertgebouw concert hall, Amsterdam has one of the world's leading classical orchestras. The club scene, on the other hand, is subdued by the standards of other capital cities, dominated by more or less mainstream house music, and with the emphasis far more on dancing than on posing. Gay men, however, will discover that Amsterdam has Europe's most active nightlife network, although women might be disappointed at the exclusivity of the proclaimed "Gay Capital of Europe".
language: English
title: The Rough Guide Amsterdam
titlecomplete: The Rough Guide Amsterdam
genres: Reference, Travel, Nonfiction
ratings_count: 59
publisher: Rough Guides