num_pages: 106
description: This edition features• a linked Table of Contents and linked Index• illustrationsCONTENTS.CHAPTER I.Ancient Iberia — The Basques — The Keltberians — The Phenicians — Cadiz FoundedCHAPTER II.Struggle between Phenicians and Assyrians — Founding of Carthage — Decline of Phenicia — Rise of Roman Power — First Punic WarCHAPTER III.Hamilcar — Hannibal — Siege and Fall of Saguntum — Rome Invades Spain — Scipio's Policy — Cadiz, (Gades) Surrendered to the Romans — By What Steps IBERIA Became SPAIN — Fall of Carthaginian Power — How Spain Became a Roman ProvinceCHAPTER IV.Sertorius — Story of the White Hind — Rome Fights Her Own Battles on Spanish Soil — Battle of Munda — Cæsar Declared Dictator — The Ides of March — Octavius Augustus — Spain Latinized — Four Hundred Years of PeaceCHAPTER V.Northern Races in the History of Civilization — Roman Empire Expiring — Ataulfus — Attila and the Huns — Theodoric — Evaric Completes Conquest of Spanish Peninsula — Europe Teutonized — Difference between Anglo-Saxon and Latin RacesCHAPTER VI.Ulfilas — Arianism — The Spanish Language — Brunhilde — Leovigild — His Son's Apostasy — Arianism Ceases to be the Established Religion of SpainCHAPTER VII.Toledo — Church of Santa Maria — WambaCHAPTER VIII.Decline of Visigoths — Roderick — Count Julian's Treachery — Mahommedanism — Tarif — Prophecy Found in the Enchanted Tower — Tarik — Roderick's Defeat and Death — Moslem Empire Established in SpainCHAPTER IX.Musa's Dream of European Conquest — Charles Martel — Characteristics of Mahommedan Rule — Mission of the Saracen in Europe — The Germ of a Christian Kingdom in the North of SpainCHAPTER X.Pelayo and the Cave of Covadonga — Alfonso I. — Berbers and Arabs at War on African Coast — War Extends to Spain — The Omeyyad Khalifs Superseded by the Abbasides — Abd-er-Rahman — Omeyyad Dynasty Established at Cordova — Ineffectual Attempt of the Abbasides to Overthrow Abd-er-Rahman — Character of This ConquerorCHAPTER XI.Charlemagne — Battle of RoncesvallesCHAPTER XII.Conditions after Death of Abd-er-Rahman — Abd-er-Rahman II. — Arab Refinements — Eulogius and the Christian Martyrs — Abd-er-Rahman III. — A Khalifate at Cordova — The Great Mosque — The City of "The Fairest" — Death of Abd-er-Rahman III.CHAPTER XIII.Rough Cradle of a Spanish Nationality in the Asturias — Alfonso III. and His Hidalgos and Dons — Guerrilla Warfare with Moors — Jealousies and Strife between Christian Kingdoms — Civil War — Almanzor — Ruin of Christian State Seemed Imminent — Death of Almanzor — Berber Revolt — Anarchy in Moorish State — A Khalif Begging a Crust of Bread — Berbers Destroy Cordova — Library Burned — City of "The Fairest" a Ruin — Asturias — Leon and Castile United — Alfonso VI. — The Cid — Triumph of Christians — Moors Ask Aid of the Almoravides — Christians Driven Back — Death of the Cid — A Dynasty of the Almoravides — The Alhomades — The Great Mahdi — Moorish People Become Subject to Emperor of Morocco — His Designs upon Europe — The Pope Proclaims a Crusade — Alhomades Driven Out of Spain by Christians — Moorish Kingdom Reduced to Province of GranadaCHAPTER XIV.European Conditions in Thirteenth Century — Visigoth Kings Recover Their Land — Its Changed Conditions — Effect of Arab Civilization upon Spanish Nation — Fernando III. — Spain Draws into Closer Companionship with European States — Alfonso X. — Spain Becoming Picturesque — The Bull-Fight — Beautiful Granada — The Alhambra...CHAPTER XXIV.Birth of an Insurgent Party in Cuba — Ten Years' War — Impossible Reforms Promised — Revolution Started by José Marti, 1895 — Attitude of the American Government — General Weyler's Methods — Effect upon Sentiment in AmericaLIST OF KINGSINDEX
title: A Short History Of Spain