num_pages: 365
description: We commonly think of the psychedelic sixties as an explosion of creative energy and freedom that arose in direct revolt against the social restraint and authoritarian hierarchy of the early Cold War years. Yet as Fred Turner reveals in The Democratic Surround  the decades that brought us the Korean War and communist witch hunts also witnessed an extraordinary turn toward explicitly democratic open and inclusive ideas of communication and with them new flexible models of social order. Surprisingly he shows that it was this turn that brought us the revolutionary multimedia and wild-eyed individualism of the 1960s counterculture.In this prequel to his celebrated book From Counterculture to Cyberculture  Turner rewrites the history of postwar America showing how in the 1940s and 50s American liberalism offered a far more radical social vision than we now remember. Turner tracks the influential mid-century entwining of Bauhaus aesthetics with American social science and psychology. From the Museum of Modern Art in New York to the New Bauhaus in Chicago and Black Mountain College in North Carolina Turner shows how some of the most well-known artists and intellectuals of the forties developed new models of media new theories of interpersonal and international collaboration and new visions of an open tolerant and democratic self in direct contrast to the repression and conformity associated with the fascist and communist movements. He then shows how their work shaped some of the most significant media events of the Cold War including Edward Steichens Family of Man exhibition the multimedia performances of John Cage and ultimately the psychedelic Be-Ins of the sixties. Turner demonstrates that by the end of the 1950s this vision of the democratic self and the media built to promote it would actually become part of the mainstream even shaping American propaganda efforts in Europe.Overturning common misconceptions of these transformational years The Democratic Surround shows just how much the artistic and social radicalism of the sixties owed to the liberal ideals of Cold War America a democratic vision that still underlies our hopes for digital media today.
language: English
title: The Democratic Surround: Multimedia and American Liberalism from World War II to the Psychedelic Sixties
publisher: University of Chicago Press