PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity9713 are @entity2214 characterized by the triad of a growth advantage of clonal cells, disturbed differentiation and increased apoptosis. The rarity of these disorders in @entity1 and the lack of a widely accepted classification have contributed to the paucity of reports on these @entity5 in the pediatric literature. A number of significant advances have been achieved in recent years. The present review will focus on diagnostics and therapy. RECENT FINDINGS: International consensus has been achieved on classifying these disorders into three main groups; @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ), @entity2800 of @entity1467 (ML-DS) and @entity12188 ( @entity12188 ). In the last few years we have witnessed important advances, especially regarding the therapy of these disorders, and we have gained insights into the molecular pathogenesis of ML-DS and @entity12188 . SUMMARY: Classification of myelodysplastic and @entity6961 has been facilitated. Chemotherapy regimens for ML-DS have been reduced, resulting in fewer @entity137 and improved survival. The results of stem-cell transplantation for @entity2590 and @entity12188 have improved. Insight into the molecular mechanisms involved may open new therapeutic avenues.

@entity9713 in XXXX .

@entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['clonal myeloid malignancies'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic deaths'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies'] @entity12188 :: ('MESH:D054429', 'Disease') :: ['JMML', 'juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia'] @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS'] @entity2800 :: ('MESH:D007951', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukemia'] @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome'] @entity9713 :: ('MESH:D054437', 'Disease') :: ['Myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative disorders'] @entity6961 :: ('MESH:D009196', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative disorders']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']
