UNASSIGNED: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) 4 and 7 have important roles in neuronal differentiation and cortical development in the @entity19 brain. However @entity13062 and @entity12017 expression and functions in the developing @entity1 brain are unknown. In this study, frozen tissue @entity1 fetal leptomeninges, @entity406 -fixed tissue and primary fetal leptomeningeal cell cultures were studied. By western blot, @entity13062 , @entity12017 and BMPRIa were demonstrated in 15, 17 20, 23 week (wk) @entity1 leptomeninges. BMP receptor II was detected at 15 and 17wks. Immunohistochemically, @entity13062 immunoreactivity was also found in 20 to 39wk @entity1 leptomeninges. @entity13062 significantly reduced basal DNA synthesis at 22wks. @entity12017 100 and 300ng/ml stimulated basal DNA synthesis in the 15, 17 and 22wk leptomeninges. @entity13062 and @entity12017 increased phosphorylation of @entity12208 , 8 in most cells and had no effect on phosphorylation of p-38MAPK, or @entity10368 /42MAPK. @entity13062 and @entity12017 produced a decrease in @entity7 RNA expression in 2 of 4 leptomeninges. @entity13062 and @entity12017 increased @entity6758 RNA in 2 or 3 of 4 leptomeningeal cultures respectively. @entity13062 produced a decrease in @entity319 RNA in 2 of 4 and @entity12017 in 3 of 4 while @entity12017 reduced @entity319 protein in the leptomeninges. The findings show, for the first time, @entity13062 , @entity12017 and receptors are expressed and active in the @entity1 fetal leptomeninges. They suggest these BMPs influence vascular development in this tissue by regulating @entity7 and its receptors.

@entity13062 and 7 and receptors regulate vascular endothelial growth factor and receptors in XXXX fetal leptomeninges.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity6758 :: ('2321', 'Gene') :: ['VEGFR1'] @entity13062 :: ('652', 'Gene') :: ['BMP4'] @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['murine'] @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin'] @entity10368 :: ('10561', 'Gene') :: ['p44'] @entity12017 :: ('655', 'Gene') :: ['BMP7'] @entity319 :: ('3791', 'Gene') :: ['VEGFR2'] @entity12208 :: ('4086;4090', 'Gene') :: ['SMAD-1, 5']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
