An enhanced method for determining @entity998 using Doppler color flow imaging techniques to measure mitral orifice diameter was developed and validated in an experimental model and in clinical @entity1 . In an in vitro circuit model, color jet width correlated well with actual orifice dimension from 12 to 24 mm (r = 0.99). In the clinical application, mitral valve area was calculated as a X b X pi/4 where a and b represent the width of the color flow stream in the mitral orifice just distal to the annulus in @entity661 (short-diameter) and 4-chamber (90 degrees rotated, long-diameter) views, respectively. Cardiac output was then computed as the product of mitral valve area and time-velocity integral of transmitral flow from the same site. Cardiac output was also measured by thermodilution and conventional echocardiographic methods using diameters and time-velocity integrals from the left ventricular outflow tract. In 30 @entity1 with @entity299 , @entity998 measured by thermodilution ranged from 3.40 to 8.40 L/min. Cardiac output was determined in 28 of 30 @entity1 (93%) by the Doppler color flow imaging technique; it ranged from 3.00 to 8.36 L/min and correlated well with thermodilution: y = 0.90x + 0.63, r = 0.91. Cardiac output was determined in 24 of 30 @entity1 by the conventional left ventricular outflow method (80%). The @entity998 measured by the conventional method correlated less closely with thermodilution (r = 0.84), although there was no statistical difference in correlation coefficiencies between the 2 methods. These results indicate that the Doppler color flow imaging technique can be used to enhance the determination of @entity998 by echocardiography, particularly when the conventional method has resulted in technically inadequate recordings.

An enhanced method for measuring XXXX using Doppler color flow echocardiography.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['apical long-axis'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['nonvalvular heart disease'] @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac output']
@entity998 :: (MESH:D002303,Disease) :: ['cardiac output']
