Confirmed adverse reactions to foods may be caused by toxic, enzymatic, pharmacological, "pseudoallergic" or @entity56 mechanisms. True @entity5419 are mostly IgE-mediated and directed against one or only a few food proteins. They appear typically as @entity484 and @entity344 ( @entity391 , @entity294 , abdominal cramps) among @entity1 and as @entity566 , @entity110 / @entity113 , @entity7370 or @entity2021 among adults. The majority of @entity5419 among adults is caused by cross-reactivity of IgE against inhalative allergens also reacting with food proteins. This must be considered in investigations by skin-prick testing and/or specific IgE measurement, since the sensitivity of these tests for inhalative allergens is higher than for food proteins. The most frequent differential diagnoses of true @entity566 are pseudoallergic reactions to food additives or pharmacological reactions to biogenic @entity4478 . The diagnosis of these reactions can usually be based on the history and course under a corresponding diet. In clinical practice additional investigations by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges are rarely required. A positive challenge test demonstrates only the cause-and-effect relationship of the foods and the @entity1 's symptoms but does not demonstrate the underlying mechanism. The therapy of food intolerance is a corresponding diet. This requires a careful diagnosis and identification of the causative foods.

[Food intolerance and food XXXX ].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'infants'] @entity7370 :: ('OMIM:613207', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoconjunctivitis'] @entity5419 :: ('MESH:D005512', 'Disease') :: ['food allergies'] @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergies', 'oral allergy syndrome'] @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea'] @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting'] @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms'] @entity4478 :: ('MESH:D000588', 'Chemical') :: ['amines'] @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic'] @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema'] @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['urticaria'] @entity484 :: ('MESH:D004485', 'Disease') :: ['eczema'] @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']
@entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']
