The effects of treatment with anxiogenic or anxiolytic agents and exposure to acute restraint stress on emotional behavior in @entity19 were examined using an automatic hole-board apparatus. Changes in the emotional state of @entity19 were evaluated in terms of changes in exploratory activity, i.e., total locomotor activity, numbers and duration of rearing and head-dipping, and latency to the first head-dipping. The typical @entity1245 anxiolytics @entity3175 (0.05-0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and @entity8685 (0.5-4 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently increased the number and duration of head-dips at doses that did not produce sedation. In contrast with these anxiolytics, the typical anxiogenic drugs @entity12453 ( @entity12453 , 0.125-10 mg/kg, i.p.) and @entity69641 ( @entity69641 , 0.1-2 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased both the number and duration of head-dips, and increased the latency to head-dipping. Moreover, decreases in the number and duration of head-dips, and an increase in the latency to head-dipping, were also observed in animals that were exposed to acute restraint stress. These effects of acute restraint stress were suppressed by treatment with @entity3175 at a dose that alone did not produce significant behavioral effects (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.). In addition, non- @entity1245 anxiolytic @entity46160 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), a @entity19472 agonist, also had an effect on the restraint stress-induced decrease in head-dipping behavior. The present study shows that the changes in several exploratory behaviors could be objectively measured using our automatic hole-board apparatus. Therefore, this system can serve as a useful tool for evaluating the changes in various emotional states of animals. Moreover, we also found that treatment with anxiolytics or anxiogenics and exposure to acute restraint stress affected head-dipping behavior. These results suggest that changes in head-dipping behavior in the hole-board test may reflect the anxiogenic and/or anxiolytic state of animals.

Changes in head-dipping behavior in the hole-board test reflect the anxiogenic and/or anxiolytic state in XXXX .

@entity69641 :: ('MESH:C036150', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-CCM', 'methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate'] @entity3175 :: ('MESH:D003975', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepam'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity46160 :: ('MESH:C056895', 'Chemical') :: ['flesinoxan'] @entity12453 :: ('MESH:C035874', 'Chemical') :: ['FG7142', 'N-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxamide'] @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepine'] @entity8685 :: ('MESH:D002707', 'Chemical') :: ['chlordiazepoxide'] @entity19472 :: ('15550(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['5-HT1A receptor']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']
