BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: @entity82 associated @entity1200 has been proposed to switch from a pro-inflammatory phenotype in stable @entity82 to an @entity465 one in @entity1 with decompensated @entity82 and @entity879 . The aim of the present study was to compare serum cytokine levels between healthy @entity1 , stable @entity82 , and decompensated cirrhotic @entity1 with and without development of @entity879 ( @entity879 ); and to explore whether any of the measured cytokines is associated with @entity82 severity and prognosis in @entity879 @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 were enrolled from October 2013 to May 2014 in two hospitals located in Buenos Aires. Cirrhotic @entity1 with an acute decompensating event were enrolled accordingly to the development of @entity879 defined by the CANONIC study group. There were two control groups: healthy subjects (n=14) and stable cirrhotic @entity1 (n=14). Demographic, clinical and biochemical data were obtained. Seventeen cytokines were measured using Bio-Plex Pro @entity1 Cytokine 17-plex Assay. RESULTS: Of the 49 decompensated cirrhotic @entity1 enrolled, 18 (36.7%) developed @entity879 . Leukocyte count, MELD score at admission, @entity58049 -SOFA at admission and day 7 were significantly higher in the @entity879 group (p=0.046, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively) as well as short-term mortality (p<0.001) compared to stable and decompensated cirrhotic @entity1 . In comparison with healthy controls, stable cirrhotic and decompensated cirrhotic @entity1 showed increased levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines: @entity650 , @entity6977 , @entity687 , @entity688 , IL 12, and @entity310 . Decompensated cirrhotic @entity1 with the development of @entity879 showed a significant decrease of @entity6977 , @entity688 , IL-12, @entity310 , @entity2842 and @entity379 , but a sustained response of @entity650 and @entity687 . When evaluating @entity82 severity, @entity650 and @entity687 correlated positively with MELD score, whereas only @entity650 correlated positively with @entity58049 -SOFA score at day 7; @entity1199 correlated negatively with @entity58049 -SOFA at admission. In comparison with all scores, leukocyte count showed positive correlation and @entity379 negative correlation with disease severity. When evaluating survival, only MELD and @entity58049 -SOFA scores had a significant association with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemo-attractant elements are increased in @entity82 in comparison with healthy subjects, and display higher values concomitantly with @entity82 progression. However, in @entity879 an opposite cytokine pattern that can be resumed as a combination of immune paresis and excessive inflammatory response was observed. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines ( @entity1199 , @entity650 , @entity687 and @entity379 ) showed correlation with disease severity; their utility as prognostic biomarkers needs to be further studied.

@entity1200 in @entity82 : Distinct cytokines phenotypes according to XXXX severity.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Human'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis', 'Cirrhosis'] @entity58049 :: ('56938', 'Gene') :: ['Clif'] @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['TNF-a'] @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute-on-chronic liver failure', 'ACLF'] @entity6977 :: ('3574', 'Gene') :: ['IL-7'] @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['MCP-1'] @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immune dysfunction'] @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficient'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-y'] @entity1199 :: ('3558', 'Gene') :: ['IL-2'] @entity687 :: ('3576', 'Gene') :: ['IL-8'] @entity688 :: ('3586', 'Gene') :: ['IL-10']
@entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']
