UNASSIGNED: @entity528 ( @entity528 ) is the most common form of @entity299 in @entity235 , frequently leading to left-sided @entity712 and cardiac mortality. Although breed-specific disease characteristics and overrepresentation point towards a genetic origin for @entity528 , a causative mutation and complete molecular pathogenesis are unknown. Whippet @entity235 are overrepresented in incidence of @entity528 , suggesting an inherited component in this breed. Expressivity of this condition is variable with some @entity235 showing evidence of more severe disease at earlier ages than other @entity235 . This phenomenon makes a traditional case versus control genetic study prone to phenotyping error. This study sought to avoid these common pitfalls by identifying genetic loci associated with severity of @entity528 in Whippets through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). 138 Whippet @entity235 were characterized for @entity528 by echocardiographic examination and a novel disease severity score was developed and adjusted for age in each subject. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data (170k Illumina CanineHD SnpChip) was obtained for DNA isolated from blood of each study subject. Continuous variable genome wide association was performed after correction for population stratification by efficient mixed model association expedited (EMMAX) in 130 @entity235 . A genome wide significant association was identified on chromosome 15 (peak locus 57,770,326; Padj = 0.049) and secondary loci of suggestive association were identified on chromosome 2 (peak locus 37,628,875; Padj = 0.079). Positional candidate genes were identified within the primary and secondary loci including @entity68947 ( @entity68947 ) and @entity68948 ( @entity68948 ). These results support the hypothesis that severity of @entity528 in whippets has a genetic basis and warrants further study by either candidate gene sequencing or next-generation techniques.

Severity of Mitral Valve Degeneration Is Associated with Chromosome 15 Loci in Whippet XXXX .

@entity68947 :: ('482671(Tax:9615)', 'Gene') :: ['follistatin-related protein 5 precursor', 'FSTL5'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure'] @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['dogs'] @entity68948 :: ('478046(Tax:9615)', 'Gene') :: ['ARHGAP26', 'Rho GTPase-activating protein 26'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease'] @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Mitral valve degeneration', 'MVD']
@entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['Dogs']
