INTRODUCTION: The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is an important mediator of placental development. However, a comprehensive expression profile for 8 key components of the placental RAS throughout @entity19 gestation has not been performed. Furthermore, maternal @entity519 induces dysregulation of RAS expression in fetal tissues but the effects on the @entity19 placental RAS are less well known. METHODS: Placentas were collected from male and female @entity2659 @entity19 fetuses at seven gestational ages for qPCR analysis of @entity15395 , @entity29604 , @entity41328 , @entity14206 , @entity24287 , @entity19729 , @entity19728 and @entity25331 . mRNA localisation of @entity19729 and @entity25331 and protein localisation of @entity14206 and @entity24287 was determined at E18.5. To determine the effects of maternal @entity519 on the placental RAS, @entity19 were housed in 12% @entity26 from E14.5-E18.5 and placentas examined at E18.5. RESULTS: All RAS genes were expressed in the placenta throughout pregnancy and expression varied with fetal sex and age. @entity19729 was expressed within the labyrinth while @entity25331 was expressed within the intraplacental yolk sac. @entity14206 and @entity24287 were localised to both labyrinth and junctional zones. In response to maternal @entity519 the expression of @entity15395 , @entity14206 and @entity24287 was decreased but expression of @entity19729 was increased. @entity14206 and @entity19729 mRNA levels were affected to a greater extent in females compared to males. DISCUSSION: Collectively, the location within the placenta as well as the expression profiles identified, support a role for the placental RAS in labyrinth development. The placental RAS is disturbed by maternal @entity519 in a sexually dimorphic manner and may contribute to impairment of placental vascular development.

The effects of gestational age and maternal @entity519 on the placental renin angiotensin system in the XXXX .

@entity25331 :: ('17171(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Mas1'] @entity41328 :: ('70495(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Atp6ap2'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'murine'] @entity15395 :: ('11606(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Agt'] @entity29604 :: ('19701(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Ren1'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity2659 :: ('111334(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CD1'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia'] @entity19728 :: ('11609(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Agtr2'] @entity14206 :: ('11421(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Ace', 'ACE'] @entity19729 :: ('11607(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Agtr1a', 'Agtr1'] @entity24287 :: ('70008(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ACE2', 'Ace2']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']
