BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: @entity2893 resistance mediated by carbapenemases is increasingly being reported worldwide. This study was conducted to know the occurrence of important @entity2893 resistance encoding genes in Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) causing complicated @entity293 (CUTI), and to look at the genetic diversity of these isolates. METHODS: The study was carried out on 166 consecutive @entity2893 resistant uropathogens (CRU) isolated from cases with CUTI during 2008 and 2012. Carbapenemase production was characterized phenotypically and polymerase chain reaction was used to detect bla @entity2277 , bla IMP , bla @entity24197 , and bla NDM-1 . BOX- PCR was done on 80 randomly selected isolates for molecular typing. RESULTS: The bla @entity2277 gene was present in 34 (43.6%), bla IMP in five (6.4%) and none of the isolates from 2008 had bla NDM-1 or bla @entity24197 genes. Among the isolates from 2012, bla NDM-1 gene was present in 47 (53.4%), bla @entity2277 in 19 (24.4%), bla IMP in one (1.1%) and none had bla @entity24197 . There were nine isolates during the two years which had multiple genes encoding carbapenemases; while 66 did not have any of the genes tested. Of the 80 isolates subjected to BOX-PCR, 58 could be used for analysis and showed, presence of multiple clusters of @entity2893 resistant isolates and absence of a single dominant clone. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: The bla NDM-1 gene was absent in our isolates obtained during 2008 but was present amongst Enterobacteriaceae isolated in 2012. The bla @entity24197 gene was also not found. Nine isolates obtained during the two years had multiple genes encoding carbapenemases confirming the previous reports of emergence of GNB containing genes encoding multiple carbapenemases. Typing using BOX-PCR indicated that this emergence was not because of clonal expansion of a single strain, and multiple strains were circulating at a single point of time.

Occurrence of blaNDM-1 _ absence of blaKPC genes encoding XXXX resistance in uropathogens from a tertiary care centre from north India.

@entity24197 :: ('MESH:C565455', 'Disease') :: ['KPC'] @entity2893 :: ('CHEBI:46765', 'Chemical') :: ['carbapenem', 'Carbapenem'] @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection'] @entity2277 :: ('7431', 'Gene') :: ['VIM']
@entity2893 :: (CHEBI:46765,Chemical) :: ['carbapenem']
