Hypothetically, @entity984 mutations can be used as a marker of disseminated @entity5 cells (DTCs) in @entity1 with @entity984 mutated @entity189 . This study focused on the development of a useful assay for detecting low numbers of DTCs in potential target tissues of metastatic @entity984 codon 12 mutated @entity14 . @entity5 , liver, lymph node and bone marrow tissues from 46 @entity14 @entity1 were examined for @entity984 codon 12 mutations with a new double enriched nested ( @entity108 )-PCR and the incidence of mutations was compared to those obtained from three established assays. @entity108 -PCR followed by sequencing found one mutated cell within 107 @entity984 codon 12 wild-type cells and was more sensitive than other methods (1:106-1:102). @entity694 (26/46) and @entity652 (1/3) harbored mutations in @entity984 codon 12. Sixteen of these 27 mutated @entity5 were found with all assays, two with three methods and one with the two most sensitive assays. In 8 cases, only @entity108 -PCR identified the @entity984 mutation, and thus prevailed over the other methods used (p<0.002). Eight of 26 @entity1 with @entity984 mutated @entity14 also harbored @entity984 mutated DTCs in liver and lymph nodes, respectively, and 4 in bone marrow. For liver and lymph node samples, DTC-mutations were identical to those in the @entity189 but those in bone marrow differed from the respective mutation in the @entity189 . In conclusion, @entity108 -PCR is a highly sensitive method for detecting @entity984 mutations as marker of early and late @entity5 cell dissemination in tissues potentially harboring @entity14 metastases.

Disseminated XXXX cells in organs prone to metastasis detected by new double enriched nested-PCR in comparison with recognized assays.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity108 :: ('CHEBI:34873', 'Chemical') :: ['DEN'] @entity984 :: ('3845', 'Gene') :: ['K-ras'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors'] @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['primary carcinoma'] @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer'] @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas'] @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['Colon carcinomas']
@entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal tumor']
