@entity2 generally carries a poor prognosis and the determinants of survival have been of interest. However, survival estimates in Asian populations are scarce. This study describes survival rates and their determinants in Singapore Chinese @entity1 , a primarily non-smoking population. Three hundred and twenty-six Chinese @entity1 , diagnosed with primary @entity2 in three major hospitals in Singapore between April 1996 and December 1998, were followed up till 31 December 2000. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Two hundred and eighty (85.7%) died from the disease during follow-up. The median survival time was 0.7 years and the three-year survival was 15.8%. These survival rates are similar to those of Western populations, and they provide a basis for examining trends over time. Age at diagnosis was an independent prognostic factor [adjusted hazard ratio (relative risk) 1.4, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.1-1.9 for @entity1 above 65 years relative to younger @entity1 ]. Most (70.5%) @entity5 were stage III/IV at diagnosis. Three-year survival ranged from 72% among @entity1 with @entity5 to 7% for stage IV @entity5 . Overall, there was no survival difference among different histological types in all stages combined. When limited to stages I and II @entity5 , @entity420 were associated with a better outcome relative to other histological subtypes combined (adjusted relative risk 0.4, 95% CI 0.1-1.0). Smoking was an independent risk factor (adjusted relative risk 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.8). Nevertheless, non-smokers comprised 57.4% of this series, highlighting the importance of increased awareness among health professionals and the public that @entity2 is not only a disease of smokers. The high proportion of @entity5 in this study and the impact of disease stage on outcome underline the importance of early detection in improving survival of @entity2 .

Survival among Chinese XXXX with @entity2 in Singapore: a comparison by stage, histology and smoking status.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients'] @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer', 'lung carcinoma'] @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage I tumours', 'late-stage tumours', 'cancers', 'tumours']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']
