INTRODUCTION: There is a strong epidemiological relationship between high density lipoproteins and @entity453 ( @entity453 ). The process of reverse @entity165 transport (RCT) has been hypothesized to help explain this relationship. The corollary that raising HDL should reduce @entity453 is also drawn from this relationship. In recent years, the metabolism of HDL has become better understood. A hypothetical process for explaining RCT has been superimposed on the currently understood HDL metabolic pathways. METHODS: Outline of HDL metabolism and the superimposed RCT process. Literature review of studies of @entity1 with @entity74 , HDL @entity165 raising clinical trials, Mendelian randomization studies and treatments with molecules that mimic HDL. CONCLUSIONS: Mutation studies of @entity21123 , @entity18894 and @entity22579 genes in @entity1 showed expected variations in @entity9680 but little association with @entity453 and there was no significant association between @entity9680 and @entity453 in Mendelian randomization studies. Elevations in @entity9680 due to treatment with @entity1670 and cholesteryl ester transport protein inhibitors in randomized trials raised @entity9680 but did not significantly reduce risk of @entity453 . Treatment with molecules that mimic HDL did not seem to reduce @entity453 . Thus, recent evidence does not seem to support RCT as currently proposed. This hypothesis seems to need substantial revision.

Implications of reverse XXXX transport: Recent studies.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'persons'] @entity9680 :: ('MESH:D052456', 'Disease') :: ['HDLC'] @entity1670 :: ('MESH:D009525', 'Chemical') :: ['niacin'] @entity18894 :: ('3931', 'Gene') :: ['LCAT'] @entity21123 :: ('19', 'Gene') :: ['ABCA1'] @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic defects'] @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['ASCVD', 'atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol'] @entity22579 :: ('949', 'Gene') :: ['SR-B1']
@entity165 :: (MESH:D002784,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol']
