OBJECTIVE: To divulge among pediatricians therapeutic modalities against @entity286 use. METHODS: Literature review of therapeutic modalities, their efficacy indications, secondary effects and scientific value. Relapse-related factors are analyzed. RESULTS: @entity286 use generates physical ( @entity1239 ) and @entity458 . Treatment strategies should consider both aspects. Different therapies have been applied with unequal results: (1) medical information; (2) pharmacologic treatment: symptomatic drugs and @entity1239 ; (3) therapy psychological including positive reinforcement, aversive techniques and hypnosis; (4) other modalities such as acupuncture, collective and self-obtainment. Relapses have been related to @entity1239 @entity6767 and individual, familiar, professional and social factors. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatricians should engage to @entity286 use treatment. Proper medical information will induce @entity1 commitment to stop smoking, aided by @entity1239 therapy and psychological support. Relapses should be anticipated and adequately approached. Pediatricians have at hand the best available treatment: to prevent adolescents and young adults to start smoking.

[Treatment of XXXX use. Pediatric aspects].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient'] @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco', 'Tobacco'] @entity6767 :: ('MESH:D009357', 'Disease') :: ['abstinence syndrome'] @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine'] @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological addiction']
@entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']
