A randomized double-blind study was carried out in @entity1 with unresolving antibiotic-associated @entity1960 due to @entity2718 , to compare the effect of @entity3637 (80,000 U/day) with @entity2176 (500 mg/day) on the resolution of symptoms, clearance of organism, and prevention of relapse. Forty-two @entity1 with @entity1960 , 9 of whom had a pseudomembrane, were randomized, 21 @entity1 to each treatment group. The two groups were comparable in age, disease severity, and antibiotic exposure. For a 50% reduction in stool frequency the mean times (+/- SE) were 4.1 +/- 0.4 days for @entity3637 and 4.2 +/- 0.4 days for @entity2176 . Sixteen @entity1 (76%) had symptom resolution after 7 days of treatment with @entity3637 , compared with 18 @entity1 (86%) given @entity2176 . @entity1 who failed to respond were crossed over (blind) to the alternative antibiotic, but tended to be refractory to the alternative medication as well. @entity2176 -treated @entity1 had negative toxin (83% vs. 53%, p = 0.04) and negative stool cultures (81% vs. 52%, p = 0.02) more frequently than did those @entity1 given @entity3637 . Similar numbers of @entity1 in each group had symptomatic relapse during 1 mo of follow-up, but most of them relapsed yet again after blinded crossover therapy. Although @entity3637 was significantly less effective than @entity2176 in clearing @entity2718 from the stools, both were of similar value in the control of symptoms in a group of @entity1 with predominantly @entity1960 . In view of its low cost, @entity3637 is a reasonable first-line alternative to @entity2176 in the treatment of antibiotic-associated @entity1960 .

Antibiotic-associated colitis due to @entity2718 : double-blind comparison of @entity2176 with XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin', 'Vancomycin'] @entity3637 :: ('MESH:D001414', 'Chemical') :: ['bacitracin'] @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['colitis', 'nonpseudomembranous colitis'] @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['C. difficile', 'Clostridium difficile']
@entity3637 :: (MESH:D001414,Chemical) :: ['bacitracin']
