BACKGROUND: Exposure to inorganic @entity3494 (iAs) from drinking water is a global public health problem yet much remains unknown about the extent of exposure in susceptible populations. OBJECTIVES: To establish the Biomarkers of Exposure to @entity3494 (BEAR) prospective pregnancy cohort in G  mez Palacio, Mexico, to better understand the effects of iAs exposure on pregnant @entity1 and their @entity1 . METHODS: Two hundred pregnant @entity1 were recruited for this study. Concentrations of iAs in drinking water (DW-iAs) and maternal urinary concentrations of iAs and its monomethylated and dimethylated metabolites (MMAs and DMAs, respectively) were determined. Birth outcomes were analyzed for their relationship to DW-iAs and to the concentrations and proportions of maternal urinary arsenicals. RESULTS: DW-iAs for the study subjects ranged from <0.5 to 236  g As/L. More than half of the @entity1 (53%) had DW-iAs that exceeded the World Health Organization's recommended guideline of 10  g As/L. DW-iAs was significantly associated with the sum of the urinary @entity52178 (U-tAs). Maternal urinary concentrations of MMAs were negatively associated with newborn birth weight and gestational age. Maternal urinary concentrations of iAs were associated with lower mean gestational age and newborn length. CONCLUSIONS: Biomonitoring results demonstrate that pregnant @entity1 in G  mez Palacio are exposed to potentially harmful levels of DW-iAs. The data support a relationship between iAs metabolism in pregnant @entity1 and adverse birth outcomes. The results underscore the risks associated with iAs exposure in vulnerable populations.

Maternal @entity3494 Exposure, XXXX Methylation Efficiency, and Birth Outcomes in the Biomarkers of Exposure to @entity3494 (BEAR) Pregnancy Cohort in Mexico.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'women'] @entity3494 :: ('MESH:D001151', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenic', 'ARsenic'] @entity52178 :: ('MESH:D001152', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenicals']
@entity3494 :: (MESH:D001151,Chemical) :: ['Arsenic']
