PURPOSE: To develop an interventional hindlimb @entity63 model and compare its angiogenic effect versus surgical ligation (SL) and excision of the femoral artery in @entity35 treated with transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) as an angiogenic stimulator. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight Lewis @entity35 randomly received interventional embolization (IE) with hydrogel wire or SL and excision of the right femoral artery. Rodents were intraarterially transplanted with 1.5   10(7) MNCs in 500  L medium from 24 isogenic donor @entity35 . Functional and structural recovery was evaluated by laser Doppler imaging (LDI), cytokine/chemokine assay, and histologic staining. RESULTS: In vivo microscopic images showed significantly dilated vasa vasorum around the embolized segment of the right femoral artery at 3 days compared with disorganized tissue structure in the SL group. However, the LDI index was significantly higher in the SL group at 3 days compared with the IE group. LDI did not significantly differ between the two groups at 2 weeks after transplantation. Cytokine assay showed higher levels of @entity8885 and @entity7270 in the SL group; the IE group had higher levels of interferon-y, @entity568 , @entity10957 , and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Histologic examination demonstrated inflammatory infiltration near the incision within nerve fibers with dilated capillaries, showing @entity528 in the SL group. At 2 weeks, histologic analysis demonstrated massive scarring under the skin spreading into the musculature in the SL group. CONCLUSIONS: A minimally invasive hindlimb @entity63 model has been successfully developed that preserves tissue integrity and minimizes @entity32 and confounding factors in the early stages of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis.

Challenging the surgical rodent hindlimb XXXX model with the miniinterventional technique.

@entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic'] @entity568 :: ('24498(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity7270 :: ('29197(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-18'] @entity8885 :: ('24493(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin (IL)-1a'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['nerve degeneration'] @entity10957 :: ('116553(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-13']
@entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']
