UNASSIGNED: Soluble colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (sCSF-1R) is a novel bony fish protein that contributes to the regulation of macrophage proliferation. We recently showed that this soluble receptor is highly upregulated by teleost macrophages in the presence of apoptotic cells. Further, recombinant sCSF-1R inhibited leukocyte infiltration into a challenge site in vivo. Herein, we characterized the mechanisms underlying these changes as a platform to better understand the evolutionary origins of the @entity6824 immune-regulatory axis and @entity32 control in teleosts. Using an in vivo model of self-resolving @entity298 , we show that sCSF-1R downregulates chemokine expression and inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis. Soluble @entity6823 also inhibited gene expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoted the expression of an anti-inflammatory mediator, @entity688 . Finally, the phenotype of infiltrating neutrophils changed significantly in the presence of sCSF-1R. Both a reduced capacity for phagocytosis and pathogen killing were observed. Overall, our results implicate sCSF-1R as an important regulator of neutrophil responses in teleosts. It remains unclear whether this represents an @entity32 regulatory factor that is unique to this animal group or one that may be evolutionarily conserved and continues to contribute to the regulation of antimicrobial processes at inflammatory sites in higher vertebrates.

Teleost soluble XXXX modulates cytokine profiles at an inflammatory site, and inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing.

@entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity6823 :: ('1436', 'Gene') :: ['CSF-1R'] @entity6824 :: ('1435', 'Gene') :: ['CSF-1'] @entity688 :: ('3586', 'Gene') :: ['IL-10'] @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']
@entity6823 :: (1436,Gene) :: ['CSF-1R']
