In this study we show that phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( @entity2508 ; also known as @entity10861 /42MAPK) following @entity6710 ( @entity29101 ) exposure occurs via a MAPK kinase (MEK)-independent but @entity7131 -dependent pathway in @entity35 -1 fibroblasts. @entity29101 -mediated @entity2508 phosphorylation was not blocked by MEK inhibitors @entity4286 and @entity5732 . Furthermore, no increase in MEK phosphorylation was detected upon @entity29101 treatment. @entity866 was used to investigate whether @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) is involved. This was confirmed by down-regulation of @entity7131 by @entity10670 , which resulted in significant reduction of @entity2508 phosphorylation by @entity29101 , implying that activation of ERK by @entity29101 depends on activation of @entity7131 . Indeed, @entity4384 and epsilon were activated upon @entity29101 exposure. When cells were treated with @entity29101 in a @entity460 -free buffer, no activation of @entity4384 was detected. Concomitantly, a reduction of @entity2508 phosphorylation was observed suggesting that @entity460 was required for translocation of @entity4384 and ERK phosphorylation by @entity29101 . Indeed, @entity29101 exposure resulted in increased cytosolic @entity460 , which depended on the presence of extracellular @entity460 . Finally, data using G  6976, an inhibitor of @entity460 -dependent @entity7131 activation, implied that @entity29101 -mediated @entity2508 phosphorylation depends on activation of a @entity460 -dependent @entity7131 .

@entity6710 activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) via a MEK-independent pathway: a role for XXXX .

@entity5732 :: ('MESH:C113580', 'Chemical') :: ['U0126'] @entity2508 :: ('50689;116590', 'Gene') :: ['ERK1/2'] @entity4286 :: ('MESH:C093973', 'Chemical') :: ['PD98059'] @entity10861 :: ('50689(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['p44'] @entity10670 :: ('MESH:D015240', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate'] @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC'] @entity29101 :: ('CHEBI:33258', 'Chemical') :: ['ONOO(-)'] @entity866 :: ('MESH:D019311', 'Chemical') :: ['Staurosporine'] @entity6710 :: ('MESH:D030421', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxynitrite'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat'] @entity4384 :: ('24680(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PKCalpha']
@entity7131 :: (MESH:D020151,Disease) :: ['protein kinase C']
