UNASSIGNED: Exposure assessment is a key step in determining risks to chemicals in consumer goods, including personal care products (PCPs). Exposure models can be used to estimate exposures to chemicals in the absence of biomonitoring data and as tools in chemical risk prioritization and screening. We apply a @entity4426 exposure model based on the product intake fraction ( @entity2761 ), which is defined as the fraction of chemical in a product that is taken in by the exposed population, to estimate chemical intake based on physicochemical properties and @entity4426 usage characteristics. The @entity2761 can be used to estimate route and pathway-specific exposures during both the use and disposal stages of a product. As a case study, we stochastically quantified population level exposures to @entity28728 in PCPs, and compared estimates with biomarker values. We estimated exposure based on the usage of PCPs in the female US population, taking into account population variability, product usage characteristics, paraben occurrence in PCPs and the @entity2761 . Intakes were converted to urine levels and compared with National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) biomonitoring data. Results suggest that for @entity28728 , chemical exposure during product use is substantially larger than environmentally mediated exposure after product disposal. Modeled urine concentrations reflect well the NHANES variation of three orders of magnitude across @entity28728 for the 50(th), 75(th), 90(th), and 95(th) percentiles and were generally in good agreement with measurements, when taking uncertainty into account. This study presents an approach to estimate multi-pathway exposure to chemicals in PCPs and can be used as a tool within exposure-based screening of chemicals as well in higher tier exposure estimates.Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology advance online publication, 13 January 2016; doi:10.1038/jes.2015.85.

Stochastic modeling of near-field exposure to XXXX in personal care products.

@entity2761 :: ('80119', 'Gene') :: ['PiF'] @entity4426 :: ('D010622', 'Chemical') :: ['PCP'] @entity28728 :: ('MESH:D010226', 'Chemical') :: ['parabens']
@entity28728 :: (MESH:D010226,Chemical) :: ['parabens']
