BACKGROUND: Primary @entity2294 is a rare clinical entity characterized by the accumulation of @entity2294 without a definitive cause. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of primary @entity2294 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 9 cases of @entity1 who suffered from primary @entity2294 at our hospital from January 1993 to November 2013. RESULTS: There were two males and seven females among our @entity1 . Their ages ranged from 13 to 55  years. The most common clinical presentation was @entity1353 . The etiology was idiopathic. All @entity1 were diagnosed by pericardiocentesis, computed tomography of the chest and lymphoscintigraphy. Non-surgical therapy was adopted in all nine @entity1 and failed in six, who underwent subsequent successful surgery. Thoracic duct ligation with the creation of a pericardial window was the most common surgical procedure. All @entity1 were followed up from 3  months to 9  years, and no recurrence occurred. CONCLUSIONS: In assessing @entity1 with an enlarged cardiac silhouette, one should be aware of primary @entity2294 . The most effective treatment is ligation of the thoracic duct and the creation of a pericardial window.

Primary XXXX : a retrospective case series.

@entity2294 :: ('MESH:D010490', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic chylopericardium', 'chyle within the pericardial cavity'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['dyspnea']
@entity2294 :: (MESH:D010490,Disease) :: ['idiopathic chylopericardium']
