UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) tend to show signs of a relatively increased inflammatory state suggesting that activation of the immune system may contribute to the development of @entity1005 . In the present study, we tested whether activation of the innate immune system can disrupt acquisition or recall of auditory fear extinction using an animal model of @entity1005 . Male adolescent @entity35 received auditory fear conditioning in context A. The next day, an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 g/kg) prior to auditory fear extinction in context B impaired acquisition and recall of extinction. LPS (100 g/kg) given after extinction training did not impair extinction recall suggesting that LPS did not affect consolidation of extinction. In contrast to cued fear extinction, contextual fear extinction was not affected by prior injection of LPS (100 g/kg). Although LPS also reduced locomotion, we could dissociate the effects of LPS on extinction and locomotion by using a lower dose of LPS (50 g/kg) which impaired locomotion without affecting extinction. In addition, 15h after an injection of 250 g/kg LPS in adult @entity35 , extinction learning and recall were impaired without affecting locomotion. A sub-chronic treatment with @entity1564 , an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, prevented the LPS-induced impairment of extinction in adult @entity35 . Our results demonstrate that activation of the innate immune system can disrupt auditory fear extinction in adolescent and adult animals. These findings also provide direction for clinical studies of novel treatments that modulate the innate immune system for stress-related disorders like @entity1005 .

XXXX ameliorates impaired fear extinction induced by innate immune activation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['post-traumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD'] @entity1564 :: ('MESH:C081643', 'Chemical') :: ['candesartan']
@entity1564 :: (MESH:C081643,Chemical) :: ['Candesartan']
