BACKGROUND: @entity1426 ( @entity12335 ) is one of the three essential @entity1718 , and it is important for @entity1 body to keep healthy and is widely used. At present, expensive materials such as @entity413 and @entity375 extract are generally reported to be optimal for @entity12335 production. A new cost-effective fermentation process including cheaper material for @entity12335 production is of great significance. METHODS: Feasibility of using @entity4336 meal and powdered @entity1460 for fungal growth and lipid accumulation was evaluated by means of single factor test. @entity2291 concentration was optimized, and the effect of temperature on biomass and @entity12335 content was examined. RESULTS: Mortierella alpina made better use of the aforementioned material as @entity505 and @entity1568 sources for both hyphae growth and @entity12335 production compared with @entity413 and @entity375 extract. Maximal levels of 10.9 g/L @entity12335 and 26.1 g/L total lipids were obtained when 66 g/L @entity4336 meal, 54 g/L @entity1460 meal and 6% (v/v) @entity2291 were supplemented. A temperature-shift strategy involved three steps, namely, 30  C (3 days) - 25  C (4 days) - 20  C (4 days), which further improved @entity12335 production by 24.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Several factors such as @entity505 and @entity1568 sources, temperature and dissolved @entity26 had great influence on biomass and microbial oil production. Mortierella alpina preferred @entity4336 and @entity1460 meal compared with @entity413 and @entity375 extract, which would surely alleviate the high cost of @entity12335 production. Based on this study, the new process is both low cost and practicable.

XXXX production by Mortierella alpina using raw crop materials.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen'] @entity12335 :: ('CHEBI:22599', 'Chemical') :: ['ARA'] @entity2291 :: ('MESH:C007932', 'Chemical') :: ['N-hexadecane', 'n-hexadecane'] @entity4336 :: ('381124', 'Species') :: ['corn'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['Arachidonic acid'] @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['soybean'] @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon'] @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast'] @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']
@entity1426 :: (MESH:D016718,Chemical) :: ['Arachidonic acid']
