OBJECTIVES: To evaluate retrospectively the indications, surgical technique, feasibility, and follow-up data of our frozen section analysis-guided organ-sparing approach to small @entity5 . Removal of a solitary testis or bilateral orchiectomy for @entity1062 results in @entity342 deprivation and @entity249 . Moreover, removal of a testis for benign lesions is to be avoided. Organ-sparing surgery aims at preserving enough testicular parenchyma to maintain physiologic endocrine function and, if possible, fertility. METHODS: Tumors of 25 mm or less in diameter were managed by an organ-sparing approach. Normal preoperative plasma levels of luteinizing hormone and @entity251 were a prerequisite. After localization of the @entity5 by ultrasonography and accurate staging, organ-sparing surgery was performed under cold @entity63 . Frozen section analyses of the @entity5 and @entity5 bed biopsies were obtained. In the case of @entity2971 with a normal contralateral testis, ablation of the @entity5 -bearing testis was performed. RESULTS: A total of 32 organ-preserving procedures were performed in 30 @entity1 without any complications. Local recurrence was observed in 1 @entity1 who refused to undergo local radiotherapy for concomitant @entity5436 ; repeat organ-sparing surgery was performed in this @entity1 . After organ-sparing surgery, ablation of the remaining testis was performed in 1 @entity1 because of positive margins on final histologic analysis and in another @entity1 because of endocrine insufficiency. In all other patients, the serum @entity251 levels remained within normal limits. No retroperitoneal, pulmonary, or other recurrences were encountered; all @entity1 were free of disease at a mean follow-up of 46.3 months. CONCLUSIONS: The organ-sparing frozen section analysis-guided approach to testicular masses represents a promising treatment alternative to orchiectomy in selected @entity1 with bilateral malignant @entity5 , @entity5 in a solitary testis, or unilateral or bilateral @entity5 . The technique is oncologically efficient, lifelong hormonal substitution can be prevented, and, in some @entity1 , even fertility may be preserved, provided certain criteria concerning @entity1 selection and surgical technique are observed.

Frozen section analysis-guided organ-sparing approach in XXXX : technique, feasibility, and long-term results.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility'] @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign tumors', 'testicular tumors', 'tumors'] @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['malignant germ cell tumor'] @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen'] @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['testicular neoplasm'] @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['testicular intraepithelial neoplasia']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['testicular tumors']
