There is a strong graft-versus- @entity1778 (GVL) effect of allogeneic @entity8 ( @entity8 ) due to elimination of @entity5 cells by alloimmune effector lymphocytes. When @entity1778 relapses after allogeneic @entity8 , donor lymphocyte transfusions (DLTs) can induce sustained remissions in some @entity1 . This review summarizes the current status on clinical use of DLT, the basis of GVL reactions, problems associated with this therapy, and new strategies to improve DLT. Several multicenter surveys demonstrated that the GVL effect of DLT is most effective in @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ), whereas it is less pronounced in @entity3052 and @entity1582 . Cytokine stimulation to induce differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells or to up-regulate costimulatory molecules on @entity5 cells may improve the efficacy of DLT. Infections and @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) are major complications of DLT. Control of @entity2132 may be improved using suicide gene-modified T cells for DLT, allowing T-cell elimination if severe @entity2132 develops. Hopefully, in the future, GVL effect can be separated from @entity2132 through adoptive transfer of selected T cells that recognize @entity1778 -specific antigens or minor histocompatibility antigens, which are expressed predominantly on hematopoietic cells, thereby precluding attack of normal tissues. In @entity1 with @entity1778 and @entity706 with fast progression, @entity5 growth may outpace development of effector T cells. Here it may be preferable to select stem cell transplant donors with HLA-mismatches that allow alloreactive natural killer cells, which appear early after transplantation, to retain their cytolytic function. New approaches for adoptive immune therapy of @entity1778 , which promise a better prognosis for these @entity1 , are being developed.

XXXX reactions in allogeneic chimeras.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['SCT', 'stem cell transplantation'] @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor'] @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia'] @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['myeloma'] @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemia'] @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease'] @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myelogenous leukemia']
@entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['Graft-versus-leukemia']
