The @entity742 seems to be a promising model of @entity170 and @entity79 . The long-term ovariectomized @entity742 model was used for the biological investigation of bone healing around uncoated and @entity692 (HA)-coated pedicle screws in osteopenic bone. Four @entity742 were ovariectomized and four @entity742 were sham-operated. Twenty-four months after surgery, the animals were implanted with uncoated and HA-coated stainless steel screws in the lumbar vertebral pedicles. Four months later, bone-to-implant contact, @entity79 , and bone @entity3358 were measured around screws. Uncoated stainless steel presented significantly (p < 0.0005) lower bone-to-implant contact in @entity79 compared with HA-coated stainless steel. HA significantly improved @entity79 in healthy bone (p < 0.05) compared with uncoated stainless steel. @entity2331 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the area of @entity79 around the screw threads for both types of implants. In the inner thread area, bone microhardness significantly increased (p < 0.05) in HA-coated surface versus uncoated for @entity79 . HA coating significantly enhances @entity79 in comparison with uncoated stainless steel surfaces. Bone ingrowth and mineralization are ameliorated by the osteoconductive HA coating. However, @entity2331 seems to greatly influence @entity79 processes around the implanted screws regardless of the characteristics of the material surface.

Biological assessment of the bone-screw interface after insertion of uncoated and @entity692 -coated pedicular screws in the osteopenic XXXX .

@entity3358 :: ('MESH:D018804', 'Disease') :: ['hardness'] @entity742 :: ('9940', 'Species') :: ['sheep'] @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis'] @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite'] @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['healthy and osteopenic bone', 'bone ingrowth', 'bone-to-implant contact also in osteopenic bone', 'biomaterial osteointegration in osteopenic bone'] @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia', 'Osteopenia']
@entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']
