BACKGROUND: @entity734 ( @entity734 ) is recommended for all @entity1 who initiate chronic opioid therapy (COT) for the treatment of @entity1118 ; however, it is infrequently utilized. Some prior research has identified factors that may predict @entity734 , but studies have been limited. The purpose of this study is to examine the rate and predictors of @entity734 among a national sample of @entity1 with @entity1118 who had new initiations of COT. METHODS: Administrative data were examined for all veterans receiving medical care at Department of Veterans Affairs medical facilities who had new initiations of chronic opioid therapy (COT) during fiscal year 2011. RESULTS: Nineteen percent of @entity1 who had new initiations of COT for chronic @entity158 received @entity734 within 90  days of starting opioids. In adjusted analyses, @entity1 -level factors that predicted increased likelihood of @entity734 included male gender (risk ratio [RR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-1.49), Black race (RR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06-1.37), divorced/separated marital status (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02-1.25), higher @entity158 intensity (RR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.05), comorbid substance use disorder (RR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.27-1.60), @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01-1.29), @entity162 or @entity161 (RR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.08-1.53), having received @entity734 prior to initiating opioid therapy (RR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.26-1.62), and a higher baseline opioid dose (RR = 1.38-1.81, 95% CIs = 1.20-1.58, 1.57-2.09). Age was also associated with @entity734 , in a nonlinear manner. Several factors were associated with lower likelihood of @entity734 , including living in a highly rural setting (RR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.29-0.99), having a VA service-connected disability (RR = 0.85-0.89, 95% CIs = 0.75-0.97, 0.79-0.99), and having a nurse practitioner or physician assistant as one's primary care clinician (RR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.61-0.85). CONCLUSIONS: @entity734 was conducted with 19% of @entity1 who had new initiations of COT. Factors that predicted @entity734 were multifaceted and included @entity1 and clinician variables. Multidimensional system-level interventions may be needed to facilitate widespread implementation of @entity734 .

Predictors of urine drug testing for @entity1 with XXXX : Results from a national cohort of U.S. veterans.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder'] @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['noncancer pain', 'pain'] @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain'] @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Urine drug testing', 'UDT']
@entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']
