Tick @entity281 is considered a cause of major concern as it is a vector for some disease transmission. The use of chemicals to control @entity281 is increasing in farm systems. The efficacy of three chemicals was studied on the tick Boophilus annulatus. In vitro and in vivo studies were done. The active ticks were collected from naturally infected @entity291 for in vitro study. They were incubated with the three chemicals which are commercially used. An in vitro study recorded that the highest effect of the three chemicals was 100  % at 3  h postexposure (p.e.) time for @entity316 and 6  h for @entity19861 and ivermectin on the adult ticks. Egg batches were less affected. In vivo results showed more plain efficacy. The efficacy of @entity316 was increased gradually until complete cessation of ticks showed within 3rd   day posttreatment (d.p.t.), 100  % efficacy. But the tick population begins to reappear gradually within 7  d.p.t., while @entity19861 showed 100  % efficacy at 7  d.p.t. and the ticks reappear again within 14  d.p.t. The most preferred results were obtained with @entity3070 which showed 100  % efficacy at 7  d.p.t., and the @entity291 was still free from @entity281 until 21  d.p.t. only. Ticks begin to reappear within 28  d.p.t. in slight few numbers. This concluded that the powerful and safe chemical which is commercially used was ivermectin. Even so, it is used also as an anthelmintic drug.

Efficacy of XXXX , @entity19861 , and ivermectin on Boophilus annulatus ticks (in vitro and in vivo study).

@entity3070 :: ('MESH:D007559', 'Chemical') :: ['ivermectin'] @entity19861 :: ('MESH:D003976', 'Chemical') :: ['diazinon'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'tick infection'] @entity316 :: ('MESH:C017180', 'Chemical') :: ['deltamethrin'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cattle']
@entity316 :: (MESH:C017180,Chemical) :: ['deltamethrin']
