BACKGROUND: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in the treatment of @entity420 is poorly defined. Previous analyses have been limited by small sample sizes and have failed to demonstrate a survival advantage. METHODS: @entity1 with resected @entity420 ( @entity5 [ @entity5 ] pathologic stage I-III) who were receiving AC (n   =   1674) or surgery alone (SA; n   =   3072) were identified in the NCDB (1998-2011). Cox regression identified covariates associated with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). AC and SA cohorts were matched (1:1) by propensity scores based on the likelihood of receiving AC or the survival hazard from Cox modeling. @entity1349 was compared with Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS: The omission of AC conferred an increased risk of @entity204 (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-1.50; P   <   .001). After propensity score matching, there was a nonsignificant trend toward improved @entity1349 with AC in @entity5 stage I @entity1 (158.8 vs 110.7 months; P   =   .226) and @entity5 stage II @entity1 (104.0 vs 79.6 months; P   =   .185), including the subset with a T4 @entity5 classification (64.0 vs 47.4 months; P   =   .130) or a positive resection margin (44.4 vs 31.0 months; P   =   .333). Median @entity1349 was superior for @entity1 with @entity5 stage III disease who were receiving AC versus SA (42.4 vs 26.1 months; P   <   .001). CONCLUSIONS: These data support the use of AC for resected @entity5 . The trend toward improved @entity1349 for @entity1 without nodal @entity3 , including those who have T4 @entity5 or have undergone positive-margin resection, may justify the use of AC in select @entity1 with earlier stage disease. @entity5 2015.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for XXXX : A propensity score-matched analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'AJCC', 'American Joint Committee on Cancer', 'stage III small bowel adenocarcinoma', 'Cancer'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death'] @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel adenocarcinoma'] @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']
@entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['small bowel adenocarcinoma']
