@entity1573 3 wk old, inoculated intranasally with a mesogenic (moderately virulent) strain of @entity1800 , developed @entity39 of the mucous acini, predominantly of the middle turbinates. The infection subsequently spread to involve much of the rest of the mucosa, including mucous and ciliated epithelial cells, and other acini. The early phase of adsorption of a virulent strain of the virus to the middle turbinates of chicks 5-21 days of age was studied by giving a standard inoculum intranasally to unanesthetized animals. Variation in amounts adsorbed by individual @entity1573 was large, but was minimized by making measurements on pools of turbinates from three chicks at intervals of 1, 3, and 5 hr after exposure of the excised turbinates to antibody, by washing, and by trypsinization. The virus released from the cells into the trypsin was designated as adherent virus, and the infectious virus in the cells after destruction of the cells by water grinding, as cell virus. Paralysis of ciliary action by @entity2072 increased the number of infected cells in the turbinates about 10-fold at all three time intervals. @entity2134 injection before virus inoculation caused a large increase in the amount of infected cells 1 hr after virus administration, but was followed by a sharp drop in infected cells by 3 or 5 hr. @entity2134 given after the virus decreased the number of infected cells and changed the relationship of @entity778 . Exposure of chicks to sustained or severe cold caused a similar but less marked effect. The drop in infected cells was restored to control values if chicks were returned to brooder temperatures. The marked drop of infected cells produced by @entity2134 and cold in living chicks, and in cultures of @entity1573 @entity825 (previous study), is consonant with the idea that virus has been adsorbed on mucus granules in the mucous cells of the turbinates and then has been reexcreted, as unincorporated virus, into the moving mucous sheet. A series of accessory data support this interpretation.

Experimentally induced changes in nasalucous secretory systems and their effect on @entity778 in @entity1573 . II. Effects on adsorption of XXXX .

@entity825 :: ('MESH:D055090', 'Disease') :: ['trachea'] @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['infected cells to adherent virus'] @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic lesions'] @entity2134 :: ('MESH:D010862', 'Chemical') :: ['Pilocarpine', 'pilocarpine'] @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'Chickens', 'chicken'] @entity2072 :: ('MESH:D003042', 'Chemical') :: ['cocaine'] @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['Newcastle disease virus']
@entity1800 :: (MESH:D014777,Disease) :: ['Newcastle disease virus']
