BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation has become an established therapy for various @entity717 but questions regarding its long-term effectiveness remain. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of deep brain stimulation for @entity717 refractory to current medical therapy based on published long-term studies. METHODS: A review was carried out of all available studies with a minimum follow-up of 5 years of @entity1 with deep brain stimulation for @entity191 , essential @entity400 and @entity3519 . RESULTS: A total of 23 studies of deep brain stimulation for @entity191 , 7 studies for essential @entity400 and 14 studies for @entity3519 were included. After a follow-up of at least 5 years, improvement of current motor scores could be observed in @entity191 (subthalamic stimulation) by approximately 40   %, by approximately 50   % for essential @entity400 and by 60   % for @entity3519 (mostly generalized forms). In @entity191 , motor improvements tend to diminish over time due to progression of @entity4653 , axial symptoms and other motor features less responsive to deep brain stimulation. Non-dopaminergic symptoms tend to progress and lessen the positive effects on the quality of life. There appears to be a subgroup of @entity1 with essential @entity400 who show decreasing effectiveness of deep brain stimulation, probably related to disease progression. Currently, no single prognostic marker has been established to identify this subgroup. Most forms of secondary @entity3519 seem to respond more variably than @entity3520 . CONCLUSION: Deep brain stimulation remains a relatively safe and effective therapy in carefully selected @entity1 after long-term follow-up according to published data, although disease progression and other disease-specific factors seem to modify its effectiveness over time.

[Long-term effects of deep brain stimulation for XXXX : A literature-based analysis].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['primary generalized dystonia'] @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"] @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['tremor'] @entity3519 :: ('MESH:D004421', 'Disease') :: ['dystonia'] @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders'] @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']
@entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['movement disorders']
