The purpose of the study was to assess whether postoperative changes in the @entity5 bed after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with low-energy X-rays complicate the mammographic evaluation. 54 @entity1 receiving breast-conserving surgery and IORT were compared to a control group of 48 @entity1 with conventional breast-conserving treatment. All @entity1 were included in routine follow-ups (>= 3 years) with mammography accompanied by ultrasound. By retrospective consensus reading the mammographic changes in the @entity5 bed were classified as absent, low or distinct. Using the same grading it was classified whether mammographic evaluation was complicated due to postoperative changes. Focusing the yearly follow-ups within a period of four years, distinct changes were found significantly more often after IORT (52-62% vs. 7-30%). After IORT the evaluation was significantly more often distinctly complicated in each follow-up, except for year 1 (16-21% vs. 0-8%). In the IORT group the distribution of findings was nearly stable over time. In the control group it changed over time and a distinctly complicated evaluation was no longer seen in the follow-ups of years 3 and 4. Overall, further non-routine diagnostic procedures due to unclear findings in the @entity5 bed became necessary in 7% (IORT) vs. 8% (control group) of the @entity1 (p=0.86). Evaluation of mammograms is complicated after IORT. In contrast to conventionally treated @entity1 postoperative changes and difficulties of evaluation do not decrease over time. Overall, after IORT the diagnostic uncertainty does not seem to be increased in ultrasound supported mammographic follow-ups. The topic needs further evaluation with larger study samples.

Do structural changes in the XXXX bed after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) of breast cancer complicate the evaluation of mammograms in a long-term follow-up?

@entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']
