STUDY DESIGN: An experimental study of @entity65 arising during vertebroplasty (VP) of multiple levels in @entity742 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of pressurizing vertebral bodies during VP using different materials in the development of @entity7123 ( @entity7123 ) and any associated cardiovascular changes. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ) is the material of choice for VP. However, @entity4625 has several disadvantages, such as @entity137 , exothermic curing, uncertain long-term biomechanical effects, and biocompatibility. Alternative materials are being developed for VP; however, there is the concern that an increase in intraosseous pressure and displacement of bone marrow contents could lead to @entity7123 and @entity551 during VP regardless of what type of materials is used. METHODS: In 20 @entity742 , four vertebral bodies were augmented either with @entity4625 or bone wax. Heart rate; arterial, central venous, and pulmonary artery pressure; cardiac output; and blood gas values were recorded. Postmortem the lungs were subjected to histologic evaluation. RESULTS: The consecutive augmentation of four vertebral bodies with @entity4625 induced a cumulative @entity7123 that gradually deteriorated baseline mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and blood gas values. The augmentation with bone wax resulted in similar cardiovascular changes and amount of intravascular fat in the lungs. CONCLUSION: There are potential @entity65 during VP of multiple levels regardless of the augmentation material used. The deteriorating baseline MABP during VP is associated with the pressurization of the vertebral bodies rather than with the use of @entity4625 .

Pressurization of vertebral bodies during vertebroplasty causes @entity65 : an experimental study in XXXX .

@entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate', 'Polymethylmethacrylate', 'PMMA'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity742 :: ('9940', 'Species') :: ['sheep'] @entity7123 :: ('MESH:D004620', 'Disease') :: ['fat embolism', 'FE'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']
@entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']
