@entity5138 (PV)-positive fast-spiking cells in the neocortex are known to generate gamma oscillations by mutual chemical and electrical connections. Recent findings suggest that this rhythm might be responsible for higher-order brain functions, and related to @entity146 . To elucidate the precise structural rules of the connections of PV neurons, we first produced genetic tools. Using a lentiviral expression system, we developed neuron-specific promoters and a new reporter protein that labels the somatodendritic membrane of neurons. We applied the reporter protein to the generation of @entity19 , and succeeded in visualizing the dendrites and cell bodies of PV neurons efficiently. Then we analyzed excitatory and inhibitory inputs to PV neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex using the @entity19 . Corticocortical glutamatergic inputs were more frequently found on the distal dendrites than on the soma, whereas thalamocortical inputs did not differ between the proximal and distal portions. Corticocortical inhibitory inputs were more densely distributed on the soma than on the dendrites. We further investigated which types of neocortical GABAergic neurons preferred the PV soma over their dendrites. We revealed that the somatic and dendritic compartments principally received GABAergic inputs from @entity9620 ( @entity9620 )-positive and PV neurons, respectively. This compartmental organization suggests that PV neurons communicate with each other mainly via the dendrites, and that their activity is effectively controlled by the somatic inputs of @entity9620 neurons. These findings provide new insights into the neuronal circuits involving PV neurons, and contribute to a better understanding of brain functions and @entity146 .

Compartmental organization of synaptic inputs to XXXX -expressing GABAergic neurons in @entity19 primary somatosensory cortex.

@entity5138 :: ('19293(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Parvalbumin'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice'] @entity9620 :: ('22353(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['VIP', 'vasoactive intestinal polypeptide'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'psychiatric disorders']
@entity5138 :: (19293(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['parvalbumin']
