Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including the mass-produced component of plastics, @entity8241 (BPA) are widely prevalent in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Many aquatic species, such as fish, amphibians, aquatic reptiles and mammals, are exposed daily to high concentrations of BPA and @entity2082 ( @entity7869 ), @entity172 in birth control pills. In this review, we will predominantly focus on BPA and @entity7869 , well-described estrogenic EDCs. First, the evidence that BPA and @entity7869 are detectable in almost all bodies of water will be discussed. We will consider how BPA affects @entity4998 in these species, as these effects have been the best characterized across taxa. For instance, such chemicals have been in many cases reported to cause sex-reversal of males to females. Even if these chemicals do not overtly alter the gonadal sex, there are indications that several EDCs might demasculinize male-specific behaviors that are essential for attracting a mate. In so doing, these chemicals may reduce the likelihood that these males reproduce. If exposed males do reproduce, the concern is that they will then be passing on compromised genetic fitness to their offspring and transmitting potential transgenerational effects through their sperm epigenome. We will thus consider how diverse epigenetic changes might be a unifying mechanism of how BPA and @entity7869 disrupt several processes across species. Such changes might also serve as universal species diagnostic biomarkers of BPA and other EDCs exposure. Lastly, the evidence that estrogenic EDCs-induced effects in aquatic species might translate to @entity1 will be considered.

Effects of the environmental estrogenic contaminants XXXX and 17a-ethinyl estradiol on sexual development and adult behaviors in aquatic wildlife species.

@entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans'] @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['sexual and neural development'] @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinyl estradiol'] @entity7869 :: ('CHEBI:46616', 'Chemical') :: ['EE2'] @entity8241 :: ('MESH:C006780', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphenol A']
@entity8241 :: (MESH:C006780,Chemical) :: ['bisphenol A']
