OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term efficacy and safety of globus pallidus internus (GPi) stimulation for @entity191 ( @entity191 ). BACKGROUND: We previously reported 3-month data for 5 @entity1 who underwent GPi stimulation for @entity191 . We now report long-term data on these 5 @entity1 and 4 additional @entity1 . METHODS: Nine @entity191 @entity1 , 5 @entity1 and 4 @entity1 , with an average age of 49 years and disease duration of 10 years, underwent GPi stimulation. Six @entity1 had staged bilateral implants and 3 @entity1 had unilateral implants. The mean follow-up was 48.5 months. All @entity1 were evaluated with the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale (UPDRS) and completed 2-day diaries before and after surgery. RESULTS: There was a 21% improvement in UPDRS Part II (activities of daily living; ADL) scores and a 37% improvement in UPDRS Part III (motor) scores when the longest follow-up in the 'stimulation-on/medication-off' state was compared to the 'medication-off' state at baseline. The UPDRS Part II (ADL) scores improved by 30% and the UPDRS Part III (motor) scores improved by 39% when the longest follow-up in the 'stimulation-on/mediation-on' state was compared to the 'medication-on' state at baseline. As measured by @entity1 diaries, 'on' time increased from 25 to 59% and 'on with @entity910 ' decreased from 42 to 15%. Surgical- and device-related complications included @entity1269 in the operating room, postoperative @entity410 , and implantable pulse generator and lead problems. There were seven device-related events requiring additional surgical procedures. CONCLUSIONS: GPi stimulation continues to be effective for the long-term treatment of the disabling symptoms of @entity191 ; however, the physician and @entity1 should be aware that device-related problems are not uncommon and additional surgery may be necessary.

Long-term efficacy of globus pallidus stimulation for the treatment of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['transient hemiparesis'] @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia'] @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", "Parkinson's Disease", 'PD']
@entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']
