OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of carotid artery @entity121 ( @entity121 ) in @entity1 with @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ). METHODS: 28 @entity1 with primary @entity1701 with at least a five year follow up, and 28 healthy subjects, matched by age and sex, were included in the study. Colour Doppler with high resolution B mode carotid ultrasonography and spectral analysis were performed in @entity1 and controls. Information on cardiovascular risk factors and the clinical course were collected. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of @entity1 and controls (12 male, 16 female in each group) was 40 (8.5) years; the mean (SD) disease duration 7.7 (3) years. Carotid artery @entity121 was found in 23/28 @entity1 (2.6 (1.14) mm) and 7/28 controls (1.2 (0.44)) (p=0.0001). A decrease in the lumen diameter was also found in 11/28 @entity1 with primary @entity1701 without @entity2998 , and 2/28 controls (p=0.004). Hyperlipidaemia, @entity6 , smoking, @entity28 , and @entity101 were not associated with carotid artery @entity121 . @entity1 with carotid artery @entity121 had @entity455 more often than @entity1 without: 9/23 v 0/5 (p<0.009). These @entity1 had @entity64 (seven @entity1 ), @entity583 (one), and @entity715 (one). Subjects with @entity121 had a threefold higher risk for @entity64 than those without @entity121 (95% CI 0.78 to 14.3). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with primary @entity1701 have a high prevalence of carotid artery @entity121 and a decreased lumen diameter. @entity121 in primary @entity1701 may be associated with @entity64 . @entity1 with primary @entity1701 with @entity121 must be considered as carriers of @entity731 .

Increased carotid artery XXXX may be associated with @entity64 in @entity1701 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['arterial vascular disease'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis'] @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid atherosclerotic plaque'] @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['primary antiphospholipid syndrome', 'APS'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction'] @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness'] @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric thrombosis']
@entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['intima-media thickness']
