BACKGROUND: Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a neuromodulation technique in which electrical current is applied to the peripheral nerves to ameliorate chronic @entity158 through preferential activation of myelinated fibres, inducing long-term depression of synaptic efficacy. External noninvasive peripheral nerve stimulation (EN-PNS) is a novel and simple form of PNS that involves stimulation via an external nerve-mapping probe that is placed on the skin and connected to a power source. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the clinical utility of EN-PNS in @entity1 with refractory @entity9 referred to a tertiary @entity158 treatment center. METHODS: We undertook a prospective audit of EN-PNS. @entity1 with a diagnosis of either @entity158 or @entity9 after @entity1897 who met inclusion criteria were included. @entity1 completed three stages of the audit: stage 1, six   weekly outpatient treatment sessions; stage 2, six-week equipment home loan; stage 3, six weeks of no EN-PNS treatment. The primary outcome was the average post-treatment instantaneous @entity158 intensity during the last week in stage 2 compared with baseline (11-point numerical rating scale). RESULTS: EN-PNS provided significant short-term @entity158 relief (n = 20 @entity1 , average reduction of 2.8 numerical rating scale points, 95% CI 1.6-4.0, p < 0.001, intention-to-treat analysis). Eight @entity1 (40%) improved in several outcome parameters ("responders"), including quality of life and function. CONCLUSION: In this first prospective report on the use of EN-PNS in @entity9 , this technology provided significant clinical benefit for some @entity1 . Controlled studies are required to confirm our results and the place of EN-PNS in future neuromodulation treatment algorithms. Given the refractory nature of these conditions, these results are encouraging.

External Noninvasive Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Treatment of XXXX : A Prospective Audit.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Participants'] @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injury'] @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'neuropathic pains'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'complex regional pain syndrome']
@entity9 :: (MESH:D009437,Disease) :: ['Neuropathic Pain']
