PURPOSE: @entity4607 are lesions marked by a disorganized arrangement of mature neural elements and represent a rare cause of medically intractable @entity1625 . We present the clinical presentation and imaging findings of this rare entity. METHODS: History and neurophysiological studies of 14 @entity1 with pathologically confirmed @entity4607 who had surgery for intractable @entity1625 were reviewed. MRIs were available for review in 10 @entity1 . RESULTS: The lesions were most commonly located in the @entity1315 . @entity410 semiology was concordant with the anatomic location of the @entity4607 in all @entity1 . Nine of the thirteen @entity1 (69%) with the @entity4607 confined to one lobe had interictal spikes and sharp waves at the corresponding electrodes. The ictal pattern was confined to the same lobe of the @entity4607 in five of nine @entity1 with ictal recordings. Although imaging characteristics were variable, all @entity1 had signal increase on T2-weighted images and 50% of them had mild mass effect. Neocortical involvement was present in the majority of @entity1 (7/10), blurring of the gray/white matter interface was seen in seven @entity1 . Five of those seven @entity1 were found to have associated @entity6795 by pathology. CONCLUSION: @entity4607 represent a rare entity and may cause devastating @entity302 . Imaging characteristics are difficult to distinguish from those of some other developmental @entity5 . @entity4607 are frequently associated with microscopic @entity6795 ( @entity6795 ), thus underlining their malformative etiology.

@entity4607 and XXXX : clinical and imaging characteristics.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Seizure'] @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['focal epilepsy'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors'] @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'cortical dysplasia'] @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal and frontal lobes'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy'] @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomas', 'hamartoma', 'Hamartomas', 'Cerebral hamartomas']
@entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']
