@entity1 skin is exposed to an environment that varies in humidity from 100 to 0%, leading to seasonal variations in the condition of the skin. Exposure to a low humidity environment creates an osmotic gradient across the stratum corneum, which is known to modulate cutaneous barrier function. @entity1457 proteins protect against stress-induced destabilization of proteins. We investigated whether @entity1457 ( @entity5121 ) induced a @entity1457 protein response in normal @entity1 keratinocytes, and used @entity1457 as a positive control. Both @entity1457 and osmotic stress (200 and 300 mM @entity5121 ) clearly induced @entity1457 proteins 70 and 27 mRNA levels. The induction of @entity1457 protein 70 mRNA levels by osmotic stress peaked at 16 h and persisted until 24 h, whereas upregulation of @entity1457 protein 70 mRNA levels by heat peaked at 2 h and returned to baseline levels by 6 h. @entity5121 also increased @entity1457 protein 70 levels in a concentration-dependent manner. The kinetics of @entity1457 protein 27 mRNA induction by osmotic stress and heat were similar with peak induction at 6 h. The mitogen activated protein kinase family of proteins plays an important part in the coordination of gene responses to various stress conditions. We have demonstrated that the @entity1435 mitogen activated protein kinase was strongly activated by 200 mM and 300 mM @entity5121 . The specific @entity1435 mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor @entity27601 almost completely blocked @entity1457 protein 70 mRNA induction by 200 mM and 300 mM @entity5121 and completely suppressed @entity1457 protein 27 mRNA induction with 200 mM @entity5121 . @entity27601 also counteracted upregulation of @entity1457 protein 70 levels by @entity5121 . These data indicate that keratinocytes respond to osmotic stress by @entity1435 mitogen activated protein kinase regulated induction of @entity1457 proteins. This molecular pathway may be relevant for the mechanisms regulating the response of @entity1 skin to variations in environmental humidity.

@entity1 keratinocytes respond to osmotic stress by XXXX map kinase regulated induction of HSP70 and HSP27.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Human'] @entity27601 :: ('MESH:C408604', 'Chemical') :: ['PD169316'] @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['osmotic shock', 'Heat shock', 'heat shock'] @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['Sorbitol', 'sorbitol'] @entity1435 :: ('1432', 'Gene') :: ['p38']
@entity1435 :: (1432,Gene) :: ['p38']
