The optimal @entity174 remains controversial, and previously accepted indications for surgical intervention are being challenged. The goals of this study were to determine how @entity174 management has changed at a single institution across multiple disciplines and to evaluate the long-term outcomes of operative and nonoperative treatment modalities. @entity1 treated for a @entity174 at Stanford Hospital and Clinics between June 1998 and June 2009 were included in the study. Inpatient records, clinic notes, operative reports, and radiographic studies were reviewed. The @entity1 were invited for a follow-up clinic visit, physical examination, and focused sinus computed tomography. For a period of 11 years, 124 @entity1 were treated for a @entity174 by physicians from 3 surgical subspecialties: otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and neurosurgery. A low short-term complication rate was observed (5.6%), and there was a trend toward nonsurgical management within the study population. Ten @entity1 returned for a long-term follow-up. Of these, the 2 @entity1 who underwent cranialization experienced as many or more long-term complications compared with the @entity1 treated by other modalities. These complications included @entity79 with bony discontinuity and altered sensation in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve.The demonstrated trend toward nonsurgical @entity174 seems to be safe. In the limited group of @entity1 who returned for follow-up, more long-term complications were observed in the @entity1 who underwent cranialization. However, a larger long-term follow-up cohort will be necessary to elucidate the relationship between treatment modality and long-term outcomes and complications.

XXXX : treatment modality changes at a level I trauma center.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal frontal bone contour'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['frontal sinus fracture', 'management of frontal sinus fractures']
@entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Management of frontal sinus fractures']
