BACKGROUND: The study describes the demographic features, culprit foods, clinical features and outcomes for @entity1 presenting with acute fish and/or shellfish food protein-induced @entity1964 (FPIES) in four Italian @entity566 . METHODS: A retrospective/prospective study was undertaken. All @entity1 diagnosed with fish or shellfish FPIES were enrolled. The diagnosis of FPIES was based on Sicherer's or Miceli Sopo clinical criteria. Skin prick tests (SPT) were performed in all @entity1 , at the time of diagnosis and prior to OFC. RESULTS: Seventy @entity1 were enrolled. Mean age at first episode was 14 months (range 6-46 months); mean age at diagnosis was 34 months (range 6-164 months). Sole and cod were the fish most commonly implicated. Fifty-seven of 70 (81%) @entity1 had FPIES exclusively to fish, 37 of 57 (65%) @entity1 had single-fish FPIES, 20 of 57 (35%) multiple-fish FPIES, nine of 70 (13%) presented adverse reactions exclusively to shellfish, and four of 70 (6%) presented adverse reactions to both fish and shellfish. Only four (5.7%) @entity1 presented episodes of acute FPIES with different foods (2 to @entity291 's milk, 1 to egg, 1 to beef); in all cases, onset was prior to that of fish or shellfish FPIES. Fifteen of 70 (21%) @entity1 tolerated fish other than the offending fish. Twenty-four of 70 (34%) @entity1 achieved tolerance (age range 24-102 months). CONCLUSIONS: The chief peculiarities of acute fish and shellfish FPIES, compared to more frequent @entity291 's milk or soy FPIES, are (i) later age of onset, (ii) longer persistence and (iii) possibility of tolerating fish other than the offending fish. Adverse reactions with shellfish are possible.

Food protein-induced XXXX caused by fish and/or shellfish in Italy.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients'] @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['paediatric allergy centres'] @entity1964 :: ('MESH:D004760', 'Disease') :: ['enterocolitis syndrome'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cow']
@entity1964 :: (MESH:D004760,Disease) :: ['enterocolitis syndrome']
