Laparoscopy causes an increase in intraabdominal pressure and may lead to an increase in @entity354 ( @entity354 ). We designed this study to assess and compare the frequency of @entity354 and tracheal contamination in @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and gynecological laparoscopy (LG). We studied 20 LC and 17 LG @entity1 . The pH was measured using monocrystalline antimony pH electrodes positioned in the middle to upper esophagus and on the posterior wall of the @entity825 distal to the tip of the endotracheal tube. @entity354 was defined as a decrease in esophageal pH to 4.0 or less. Alkaline reflux was defined as an abrupt increase in esophageal pH of more than 1.0, not associated with previous acid reflux. More than 80% of all @entity1 at baseline had a gastric pH < or = 2. Overall, acid @entity354 alone occurred in 47% @entity1 in the LG group and in 15% @entity1 in the LC group. During recovery, a larger proportion of @entity1 had acid reflux in the LG group (47%) than in the LC group (10%). In contrast, alkaline reflux occurred in 75% of LC @entity1 and 11.7% of LG @entity1 . After cholecystectomy, there is an acute increase in the incidence of alkaline reflux. This alkaline reflux may be due to @entity20705 resulting in an alkaline gastric shift. IMPLICATIONS: We studied the incidence of reflux of stomach contents in @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery for cholecystectomy or gynecology, using pH probes in the esophagus (gullet) and the @entity825 (windpipe). @entity354 was very common but did not pass into the @entity825 . After gallbladder removal, the refluxed material became alkaline.

XXXX and tracheal contamination during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and diagnostic gynecological laparoscopy.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity825 :: ('MESH:D055090', 'Disease') :: ['trachea'] @entity20705 :: ('MESH:D004383', 'Disease') :: ['duodenogastric reflux'] @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux', 'GER', 'Acid reflux']
@entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['Gastroesophageal reflux']
