OBJECTIVES: @entity1 admitted to PICUs often present with or develop @entity1576 that requires mechanical ventilation. We prospectively identified @entity1 admitted to three general PICUs, with the goal of identifying risk factors for mortality. DESIGN: Prospective multicenter observational study. SETTING: Three general PICUs, two in S  o Paulo and one in Curitiba, Brazil. @entity1 : @entity1 aged between 1 month and 15 years, consecutively admitted between August 2008 and July 2010, with @entity647 or acute @entity649 that developed at least 12 hours after invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We used logistic regression models to explore the relationship between @entity204 and independent variables. Of 3,046 @entity1 admitted to the three PICUs, 1,658 @entity1 underwent mechanical ventilation, and 84 fulfilled the @entity647 /acute @entity649 inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Nearly 60% were @entity1 , and the median age was 31 months. Pressure control/assist control was the initial mode of mechanical ventilation in 86% of cases, and the median durations of mechanical ventilation and PICU stay were 12 and 15 days, respectively. None of the eight @entity1 with @entity647 died, whereas 33 of 76 of the remaining @entity1 with acute @entity649 died, for an overall mortality rate of 39.3% (95% CI, 28.8-50.6%). In different multivariate logistic regression model, the number of organ dysfunctions at admission, peak inspiratory pressure, airway pressure gradient on day 1, and the mean airway pressure gradient over the first 7 days of mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSION: Mortality is high in pediatric @entity647 /acute @entity649 . Mechanical ventilation-associated risk factors for @entity204 among such @entity1 are potential targets for intervention.

Risk Factors for Mortality and Outcomes in Pediatric XXXX /Acute @entity649 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'PATIENTS', 'boys'] @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome'] @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death'] @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']
@entity647 :: (MESH:D055371,Disease) :: ['Acute Lung Injury']
