BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with isolated oral clefts have lower @entity4207 performance when compared with unaffected peers, yet few studies have examined specific attributes of clefts that may modify this risk. Oral clefts have nonrandom laterality, with left-sided clefts being more common than right-sided clefts, a pattern that may be genetically or environmentally influenced. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between cleft laterality and @entity4207 achievement in a population-based sample of @entity1 with and without isolated oral clefts. METHODS: The study included 292 @entity1 with isolated @entity3384 with or without @entity2419 identified by using the Iowa Registry for @entity74 matched with 908 unaffected classmates. This group provided 1953 @entity1 -grade observations for cases and 6829 for classmates. @entity4207 achievement was evaluated by using high-quality standardized test data on multiple @entity4207 domains as well as use of special education. RESULTS: We found that @entity1 with right-sided clefts had similar achievement scores and usage of special education services compared with their unaffected classmates. @entity1 with left-sided clefts had lower reading scores than @entity1 with right-sided clefts by nearly 7 percentiles (P < .05). They also had lower scores on all evaluated domains by 4 to 6 percentiles and greater use of special education services by 6 percentage points than their classmates. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with left-sided clefts had poorer @entity4207 performance than their classmates or @entity1 with right-sided clefts, who showed similar @entity4207 achievement compared with their unaffected classmates.

Laterality of Oral Clefts and XXXX Achievement.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child'] @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['academic', 'Academic'] @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital and Inherited Disorders'] @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft palate'] @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral cleft lip']
@entity4207 :: (MESH:D007859,Disease) :: ['Academic']
