PURPOSE: Little is known concerning the efficacy and adverse effects of the ketogenic diet in adults with @entity302 . This review reports preliminary results in 11 adults prospectively treated with the diet who had previously failed to gain @entity410 control with two or more medications and/or surgery. METHODS: Eleven @entity1 nine @entity1 , two @entity1 ), median age, 32.2 years (range, 19-45 years) were treated with the ketogenic diet with a 4:1 ratio with fluid restriction. Six @entity1 had symptomatic @entity302 , and five had symptomatic generalized @entity302 . The diet was administered in addition to antiepileptic medication by a multidisciplinary team geared exclusively to adult @entity1 . Medications were not changed while on the diet. @entity410 frequency at 8-month follow-up was compared with frequency during a baseline period. RESULTS: At 8 months of follow-up, three @entity1 had a 90% @entity410 decrease, three @entity1 had a 50-89% decrease in @entity410 frequency, one @entity1 had <50% @entity410 decrease, and four @entity1 discontinued the diet. Of the four @entity1 who discontinued the diet, two had no appreciable change in their @entity410 despite high @entity6178 levels. Two @entity1 were unable to maintain persistent @entity1270 at home, despite having done so in the hospital. All @entity410 types responded to the diet. Common adverse effects included @entity1142 and @entity1866 in @entity1 . Most @entity1 reported a subjective improvement in concentration. Serum @entity165 and @entity1674 increased while on the diet as well as @entity165 high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratios. CONCLUSIONS: The ketogenic diet shows promise in both adult generalized and @entity302 . Persistent @entity1270 was possible in adults, and the diet was tolerable for most @entity1 . Further study assessing the efficacy of the ketogenic diet, and the cognitive and long-term effects is ongoing.

The ketogenic diet for intractable XXXX in adults: preliminary results.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'Seizure'] @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides'] @entity1866 :: ('MESH:D008599', 'Disease') :: ['menstrual irregularities'] @entity1270 :: ('MESH:D007662', 'Disease') :: ['ketosis'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy', 'partial epilepsy'] @entity6178 :: ('CHEBI:17087', 'Chemical') :: ['ketone'] @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']
@entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']
