BACKGROUND: @entity5229 ( @entity5229 ) is a common clinical problem and its incidence is thought to be increasing. The risk of recurrence is high and various studies quote rates of 20-60%. Factors which may or may not predispose to recurrence have not yet been established. METHODS: In a study period of four years 291 cases with a diagnosis of pneumothorax were reviewed; 153 @entity1 with @entity5229 were included in the study. Their risk of recurrence was analysed with particular reference to the following variables: age, sex, height and body mass index (BMI) of the @entity1 , the initial size of pneumothorax, the smoking status of the @entity1 , and the primary form of treatment employed. Univariate analysis was carried out by chi 2 testing and multivariate analysis was calculated by a logistic regression model. RESULTS: A retrospective study of 275 episodes of @entity5229 in 153 @entity1 over a four year period confirmed a high incidence of recurrence (54.2%). @entity5229 was twice as common in @entity1 as in @entity1 , though @entity1 were significantly more likely to develop a recurrence (chi 2 = 7.58, df = 1, p < 0.01). Male height was the second most important factor, and smoking cessation the only other variable which significantly influenced the risk of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of several potential risk factors revealed that recurrence was not related to the BMI of the @entity1 , the initial treatment of the pneumothorax, nor to its size. Recurrence was more common in taller @entity1 and in @entity1 . Smoking cessation appeared to reduce the risk of recurrence. These findings are discussed in the context of the possible aetiology of spontaneous pneumothorax, recurrences, and the management thereof.

Recurrence of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men'] @entity5229 :: ('MESH:D011030', 'Disease') :: ['PSP', 'Primary spontaneous pneumothorax']
@entity5229 :: (MESH:D011030,Disease) :: ['primary spontaneous pneumothorax']
