@entity60 is capable of enhancing and limiting @entity32 . Therefore, an increase in @entity60 in autoimmune MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity19 could exacerbate or thwart @entity8 . We have established a retroviral gene transfer approach to incite @entity1986 in MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity19 that is rapid, enduring, and circumscribed. Renal tubular epithelial cells ( @entity70417 ) were genetically modified to secrete macrophage (Mphi) growth factors ( @entity70418 , @entity70417 ) and infused under the renal capsule. To determine the impact of @entity60 in Mphi growth factor-incited @entity8 , we constructed a MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity44845 ( @entity44845 )-deficient strain. Gene transfer of @entity9827 or @entity2304 incited more severe @entity1986 in @entity44845 -deficient than in @entity44845 -intact MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity19 , consisting of an increase of Mphi. To determine the mechanism responsible for the increase in Mphi in @entity44845 -deficient MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity19 , we evaluated Mphi proliferation, apoptosis, and recruitment. Proliferation of bone marrow Mphi from @entity44845 -intact MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) costimulated with @entity9827 or @entity2304 and @entity60 was reduced twofold, while the @entity44845 -deficient MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) bone marrow Mphi remained stable. Furthermore, we detected more proliferating and fewer apoptotic Mphi within the interstitium in @entity44845 -deficient MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity19 . Using unilateral ureteral ligation we established that @entity44845 signaling does not alter Mphi recruitment into the kidney. Thus, the increase in Mphi elicited by Mphi growth factors in @entity44845 -deficient MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) @entity19 is a result of enhanced proliferation and decreased apoptosis, and is independent of recruitment. Taken together, we suggest that @entity60 provides a negative regulatory pathway capable of limiting @entity32 .

XXXX limits macrophage expansion in MRL-Fas( @entity1309 ) autoimmune @entity1986 : a negative regulatory pathway.

@entity2304 :: ('12981(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['GM-CSF'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Mphi-mediated renal inflammation', 'inflammation'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal injury'] @entity9827 :: ('12977(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CSF-1'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity60 :: ('15978(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma'] @entity70418 :: ('12977;21682', 'Gene') :: ['CSF-1-TEC'] @entity44845 :: ('15979(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma-receptor', 'IFN-gammaR'] @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis'] @entity1309 :: ('14102(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['lpr'] @entity70417 :: ('21682(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['GM-CSF-1-TEC', 'TEC']
@entity60 :: (15978(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['IFN-gamma']
