An artificial @entity1274 is a learning paradigm where several artificial neural networks are jointly used to solve a problem. In this paper, an automatic pathological diagnosis procedure named Neural Ensemble-based Detection (NED) is proposed, which utilizes an artificial @entity1274 to identify @entity2 cells in the images of the specimens of needle biopsies obtained from the bodies of the subjects to be diagnosed. The ensemble is built on a two-level ensemble architecture. The first-level ensemble is used to judge whether a cell is normal with high confidence where each individual network has only two outputs respectively normal cell or @entity5 cell. The predictions of those individual networks are combined by a novel method presented in this paper, i.e. full voting which judges a cell to be normal only when all the individual networks judge it is normal. The second-level ensemble is used to deal with the cells that are judged as @entity5 cells by the first-level ensemble, where each individual network has five outputs respectively @entity420 , @entity957 , @entity4153 , @entity152 , and normal, among which the former four are different types of @entity2 cells. The predictions of those individual networks are combined by a prevailing method, i.e. plurality voting. Through adopting those techniques, NED achieves not only a high rate of overall identification, but also a low rate of false negative identification, i.e. a low rate of judging @entity5 cells to be normal ones, which is important in saving lives due to reducing missing diagnoses of @entity5 @entity1 .

@entity2 cell identification based on artificial XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['small cell carcinoma'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma'] @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer'] @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural network ensemble'] @entity152 :: ('MESH:D018287', 'Disease') :: ['large cell carcinoma'] @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']
@entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['neural network ensembles']
