UNASSIGNED: The endocannabinoid system is widely distributed throughout the cardiovascular system. @entity12353 play a minimal role in the regulation of cardiovascular function in normal conditions, but are altered in most @entity65 . In shock, @entity12353 released within blood mediate the associated @entity551 through @entity6510 activation. In @entity101 , there is evidence for changes in the expression of @entity6510 , and @entity6510 antagonism reduces blood pressure in obese @entity101 and @entity6 @entity1 . The endocannabinoid system is also upregulated in cardiac pathologies. This is likely to be cardioprotective, via @entity12332 and @entity6510 (lesser extent). In the vasculature, @entity12353 cause vasorelaxation through activation of multiple target sites, inhibition of @entity460 channels, activation of @entity972 channels, NO production and the release of vasoactive substances. Changes in the expression or function of any of these pathways alter the vascular effect of @entity12353 . @entity12353 have positive ( @entity12332 ) and negative effects ( @entity6510 ) on the progression of @entity731 . However, any negative effects of @entity6510 may not be consequential, as chronic @entity6510 antagonism in large scale @entity1 trials was not associated with significant reductions in @entity1856 . In @entity531 such as @entity64 , @entity12353 are upregulated and protective, involving activation of @entity6510 , @entity12332 , @entity13812 and @entity5601 . Although most of this evidence is from preclinical studies, it seems likely that cannabinoid-based therapies could be beneficial in a range of @entity65 .

XXXX and the Cardiovascular System in Health and Disease.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis'] @entity6510 :: ('1268', 'Gene') :: ['CB1'] @entity12332 :: ('1269', 'Gene') :: ['CB2'] @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular disorders'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium'] @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['atheroma'] @entity12353 :: ('MESH:D063388', 'Chemical') :: ['Endocannabinoids', 'endocannabinoids'] @entity5601 :: ('5465', 'Gene') :: ['PPARa'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disorders'] @entity13812 :: ('7442', 'Gene') :: ['TRPV1']
@entity12353 :: (MESH:D063388,Chemical) :: ['Endocannabinoids']
