OBJECTIVE: Decreased bone mineral density is a common finding in untreated @entity1593 @entity1 . However, the precise pathophysiology of @entity2331 remains incompletely understood. Pathological features of @entity1593 are associated with local release of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines. We investigated the serum levels of @entity1356 , @entity650 , and IL-1 receptor antagonist in celiac @entity1 and correlated them with bone density measurements. METHODS: We assessed serum samples of 16 female @entity1 at the time of diagnosis (on an unrestricted diet) and after a mean time of 37 months on a gluten-free diet. At the same time, bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and total skeleton was determined by DEXA. RESULTS: Untreated @entity1 had high serum levels of @entity1356 and @entity650 and normal @entity1193 . Treatment produced a decrease in median @entity1356 levels (p = NS) and a significant diminution of @entity650 (p < 0.05). On the contrary, @entity1193 increased significantly after treatment (p < 0.05). Baseline lumbar spine Z-score and @entity650 levels exhibited a significant inverse correlation (r = -0.61; p < 0.01). @entity1 with more severe baseline @entity2331 (< -2 Z-scores) had a significantly lower @entity1193 than those with less bone compromise (> -2 Z-scores). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that the inflammatory process observed in active @entity1593 is associated with high serum levels of @entity1356 and @entity650 and normal levels of @entity1193 . Treatment significantly reduces both proinflammatory cytokines and significantly increases the antiinflammatory one. We also suggest that these cytokines might have a role in the @entity2331 associated with @entity1593 .

Pre- and post-treatment serum levels of cytokines @entity1356 , @entity650 , and IL-1 receptor antagonist in XXXX . Are they related to the associated @entity2331 ?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['gluten sensitivity', 'celiac disease'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1beta'] @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1-RA'] @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']
@entity1593 :: (MESH:D002446,Disease) :: ['celiac disease']
