In the period between 1980 and 1983 smoking habits, @entity285 consumption, coffee drinking, and familial occurrences of peptic @entity1066 were studied in @entity1 with @entity2275 in North Norway. The results were compared with those in two control groups matched for sex and age but without anamnestically known previous @entity10189 . Statistically significant increased familial occurrences of peptic @entity1066 were found in relatives of @entity1 both with gastric and with duodenal @entity1066 , compared with the control group. Furthermore, significantly more smokers were found in the two groups of @entity1 than in the control groups. @entity1 with duodenal @entity1066 smoked more than those with @entity2275 . Both the consumption of coffee and that of @entity285 , however, were significantly reduced in the @entity1066 @entity1 compared with their controls. Therefore, both familial factors and smoking habits appear to have some relationship or even play etiologic roles in the development of @entity10189 , at least in the northern part of Norway. Coffee drinking and intake of @entity285 seem to be of no importance. Both @entity286 smoking and familial accumulation of peptic @entity1066 increased the relative risks of getting both @entity2275 as compared with 'non-exposed' @entity1 . Furthermore, a positive correlation was found in @entity1 between the quantity of smoking and the risk of developing duodenal @entity1066 .

Smoking, @entity285 , coffee, and familial factors: any associations with XXXX ? A clinically and radiologically prospective study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons', 'men'] @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco'] @entity10189 :: ('MESH:D010437', 'Disease') :: ['peptic ulcer disease'] @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcers'] @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol'] @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcer', 'gastric or duodenal ulcer', 'gastric and duodenal ulcer']
@entity10189 :: (MESH:D010437,Disease) :: ['peptic ulcer disease']
