Rumenocentesis is commonly used to collect rumen fluid to screen for @entity520 . This study was designed to investigate whether rumenocentesis induced @entity158 and stress and, if so, whether local anaesthesia could limit this. Twenty-four dairy @entity291 were assigned to one of three treatments: (1) rumenocentesis with local anaesthesia (AR); (2) rumenocentesis without local anaesthesia (R); and (3) local anaesthesia only (A). Treatments were performed in a restraining cage. The @entity291 were placed in the cage on three consecutive days and anaesthesia and/or rumenocentesis was performed on the second day. Blood samples for @entity701 determination and heart rate were recorded from 0.25 h before treatment until 4h after. Behaviour was noted while the @entity291 were caged. Feed intake and milk production were measured the week before treatment, on the day of treatment, and the day after. With all three treatments, @entity701 concentrations and heart rate were increased while @entity291 were in the cage. @entity701 , cardiac and behavioural responses were not significantly higher in the R and AR treatments than the A group. @entity701 concentrations and heart rate did not change between days. Feed intake and milk production were unaffected by the treatments. It was concluded that rumenocentesis does not appear more stressful than local anaesthesia or handling.

An assessment of the impact of rumenocentesis on XXXX and stress in @entity291 and the effect of local anaesthesia.

@entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cows'] @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain']
@entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']
