UNASSIGNED: Telomeres are the heterochromatic repeat regions at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, whose length is considered to be a determinant of biological ageing. Normal ageing itself is associated with telomere @entity3207 . Here, critically short telomeres trigger senescence and eventually cell death. This @entity3207 rate may be further increased by @entity32 and oxidative stress and thus affect the ageing process. Apart from shortened or dysfunctional telomeres, cells undergoing senescence are also associated with @entity2915 of the transcription factor NF-kB and overexpression of inflammatory cytokines such as @entity310 , @entity650 , and @entity379 in circulating macrophages. Interestingly, telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that elongates telomeres, is involved in modulating NF-kB activity. Furthermore, @entity32 and oxidative stress are implicated as pre-disease mechanisms for chronic diseases of ageing such as @entity179 , @entity65 , and @entity5 . To date, @entity32 and telomere @entity3207 have mostly been studied individually in terms of ageing and the @entity66 phenotype. However, the interdependent nature of the two demands a more synergistic approach in understanding the ageing process itself and for developing new therapeutic approaches. In this review, we aim to summarize the intricate association between the various inflammatory molecules and telomeres that together contribute to the ageing process and related diseases.

Ageing and the telomere connection: An intimate relationship with XXXX .

@entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['associated disease'] @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['TNF-a'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening'] @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-y'] @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative diseases'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']
@entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']
