RATIONALE: @entity1 have twice the risk as @entity1 to develop @entity308 . Approximately, 24% of major @entity308 cases have comorbid disorders with @entity734 . Several central systems, including dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways, are thought to be involved in such comorbidity. OBJECTIVES: The present study established a chronic social stress model in female @entity35 , which produces some cardinal features of @entity308 -like symptoms. Further, we examined the effects of acute @entity2072 on @entity935 (DA) and @entity750 ( @entity750 ) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) using this model. METHODS: Female Long-Evans @entity35 confronted a nursing dam in its home cage for 30 min twice daily for 21 days. The non-stressed control group was handled daily throughout the experiment. During the 21 days of stress, behaviors during confrontations, weight, preference for @entity8021 , and estrous cycles were measured. Ten days after the last confrontation, the experimental @entity35 was challenged with 10 mg/kg of @entity2072 , and levels of DA and @entity750 in the NAc were measured using in vivo microdialysis. RESULTS: During the course of daily confrontations for 21 days, the experimental females significantly increased the duration of immobility, reduced @entity1017 and the preference for @entity8021 , and disrupted estrous cycles during the stress. Chronic social stress significantly attenuated @entity2072 -induced DA levels, and to some extent, attenuated a percent change of @entity750 compared to the non-stressed control group. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic social defeat stress for 21 days induced physiological and behavioral @entity308 and blunted response of dopaminergic and to some extent, serotonergic neurons to @entity2072 challenge in females.

Blunted accumbal @entity935 response to @entity2072 following chronic social stress in female @entity35 : exploring a link between XXXX and @entity734 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women', 'men'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression-relevant deficits', 'depression disorder', 'depression', 'depressive'] @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine'] @entity8021 :: ('MESH:D012439', 'Chemical') :: ['saccharin'] @entity2072 :: ('MESH:D003042', 'Chemical') :: ['cocaine'] @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain'] @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin', '5-HT'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats'] @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']
@entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']
