The pathogenesis of six pigeon-origin isolates of @entity7467 virus (NDV) was investigated in @entity1573 . Four isolates were previously defined as the variant pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1), and two isolates were classified as avian paramyxovirus 1 ( @entity26494 -1). Birds inoculated with PPMV-1 isolates were euthanatized, and tissue samples were collected at 2, 5, and 10 days postinoculation (DPI). Birds inoculated with @entity26494 -1 isolates died or were euthanatized, and tissue samples were collected at 2, 4, and 5 DPI. Tissues were examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the presence of NDV nucleoprotein, and in situ hybridization (ISH) for the presence of viral mRNA for the matrix gene. Spleen sections were stained by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated @entity1977 nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and by IHC using an anti-active @entity522 antibody (IHC- @entity8085 ) to detect apoptotic cells. Brain sections of PPMV-1-infected birds were examined by IHC to detect T and B lymphocytes and @entity538 ( @entity538 ). Histologically, birds inoculated with PPMV-1 isolates had marked lesions in the heart and brain. Presence of viral nucleoprotein and viral mRNA in the affected tissues was confirmed by IHC and ISH, respectively. Numerous reactive astrocytes were observed in brain sections stained for @entity538 Among all the isolates, the IHC- @entity8085 demonstrated that apoptosis was very prominent in the ellipsoid-associated cells of the spleen at 2 DPI. Results of the TUNEL assay indicated that apoptotic cells were prominent at 5 DPI and were more randomly distributed. The clinical signs and gross and histopathologic changes observed in the @entity26494 -1-infected birds were characteristic of an extensive @entity281 with highly virulent NDV evident by IHC.

Pathogenesis of six pigeon-origin isolates of @entity7467 virus for domestic XXXX .

@entity7467 :: ('MESH:D009521', 'Disease') :: ['Newcastle disease'] @entity522 :: ('836', 'Gene') :: ['caspase-3'] @entity1977 :: ('CHEBI:17625', 'Chemical') :: ['dUTP'] @entity8085 :: ('1523', 'Gene') :: ['Casp'] @entity538 :: ('2670', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein'] @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection'] @entity26494 :: ('12319', 'Species') :: ['APMV']
@entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chickens']
