UNASSIGNED: The purpose was to compare immediate intramammary antimicrobial treatment of all cases of clinical @entity1271 with a selective treatment protocol based on 24-h culture results. The study was conducted at a 3,500- @entity291 commercial farm in New York. Using a randomized design, mild to moderate clinical @entity1271 cases were assigned to either the blanket therapy or pathogen-based therapy group. @entity291 in the blanket therapy group received immediate on-label intramammary treatment with @entity21563 for 5 d. Upon receipt of 24 h culture results, @entity291 in the pathogen-based group followed a protocol automatically assigned via Dairy Comp 305 (Valley Agricultural Software, Tulare, CA): Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., or Enterococcus spp. were administered on-label intramammary treatment with @entity8900 for 1 d. Others, including @entity291 with no-growth or gram-negative results, received no treatment. A total of 725 cases of clinical @entity1271 were observed; 114 @entity291 were not enrolled due to severity. An additional 122 cases did not meet inclusion criteria. Distribution of treatments for the 489 qualifying events was equal between groups (pathogen-based, n = 246; blanket, n = 243). The proportions of cases assigned to the blanket and pathogen-based groups that received intramammary therapy were 100 and 32%, respectively. No significant differences existed between blanket therapy and pathogen-based therapy in days to clinical cure; means were 4.8 and 4.5 d, respectively. The difference in post-event milk production between groups was not statistically significant (blanket therapy = 34.7 kg; pathogen-based = 35.4 kg). No differences were observed in test-day linear scores between groups; least squares means of linear scores was 4.3 for pathogen-based @entity291 and 4.2 for blanket therapy @entity291 . Odds of survival 30 d postenrollment was similar between groups (odds ratio of pathogen-based = 1.6; 95% confidence interval: 0.7-3.7) as was odds of survival to 60 d (odds ratio = 1.4; 95% confidence interval: 0.7-2.6). The one significant difference found for the effect of treatment was in hospital days; pathogen-based @entity291 experienced, on average, 3 fewer days than blanket therapy @entity291 . A majority (68.5%) of moderate and mild clinical cases would not have been treated if all @entity291 on this trial were enrolled in a pathogen-based protocol. The use of a strategic treatment protocol based on 24-h postmastitis pathogen results has potential to efficiently reduce antimicrobial use.

Clinical outcome comparison of immediate blanket treatment versus a delayed pathogen-based treatment protocol for clinical XXXX in a New York dairy herd.

@entity21563 :: ('MESH:C053503', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftiofur hydrochloride'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['Cows', 'cows', 'cow'] @entity8900 :: ('MESH:D002514', 'Chemical') :: ['cephapirin sodium'] @entity1271 :: ('MESH:D008413', 'Disease') :: ['mastitis']
@entity1271 :: (MESH:D008413,Disease) :: ['mastitis']
