The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of @entity616 for @entity158 relief during labour in an obstetric unit which manages mainly high-risk pregnancies. In the majority of the 62 @entity1 studied only 5 ml of a 0,5% solution of @entity1341 was sufficient for effective @entity158 relief. In 75% of @entity1 total @entity158 relief was obtained. Complications of the procedure were @entity551 in 32% of @entity1 and bladder atony needing catheterization in 19%. The mean fall in blood pressure was greater in @entity1 with pre-existing @entity101 . The incidence of instrumental delivery was 40%, inadequate bearing-down effort being the indication in 54% of these cases. An abnormal fetal heart rate pattern on cardiotocography developed in 13 of 58 fetuses who were monitored internally, while in 3 cases an abnormal pattern because even more abnormal (in one-third of these cases this followed @entity551 in the mother). The only statistically significant change in fetal heart rate patterns on cardiotocography was a decrease in the beat-to-beat variability. Epidural block is a very effective form of @entity158 relief during labour but has potentially serious effects, especially in high-risk pregnancies. Precautions to minimize the risk of complications include the administration of intravenous fluid before the procedure and careful monitoring of the @entity1 and her unborn baby. A cardiotocographic monitor is essential for the latter purpose.

Clinical effects of XXXX during labour. A prospective study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension'] @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['epidural block']
@entity616 :: (MESH:D006327,Disease) :: ['epidural block']
