OBJECTIVE: To estimate the direct and indirect @entity571 ( @entity571 )-attributable costs and predictors of costs of knee and @entity570 in Spain. METHODS: This study included consecutive @entity1 age > or = 50 years with symptomatic and radiologic knee and/or @entity570 who were seen at primary care centers in all provinces of Spain. Information on demographics, health status (Short Form 12 Health Survey), comorbidities (Charlson Index), clinical (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index [WOMAC]) and radiologic @entity571 severity (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] scale), data related to @entity571 health resources utilization (medical and nonmedical), and subjects' and caregivers' expenses and time lost in the previous 6 months were collected in 2 separate, structured, and detailed interviews. Costs in @entity7634 were assigned using market prices and official sources if available, and were annualized (to 2007). The predictors of costs were assessed in multivariate regression models. Costs were log-transformed before being modeled. RESULTS: A total of 1,071 subjects were analyzed (74% @entity1 , mean +/- SD age 71 +/- 9 years). Average total annual costs were euro1,502 per @entity1 . Direct costs accounted for 86% of the total cost. We estimated a national cost of euro4,738 million, representing 0.5% of the gross national product. Higher total costs were associated with comorbidity (Charlson Index odds ratio [OR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03-1.58), poorer health status (P < 0.050), worse WOMAC scores (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.08), and grade 4 K/L scores (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.15-2.69). CONCLUSION: The economic burden of knee and @entity570 is substantial. Costs increased with comorbidity, poorer health status, and clinical and radiologic @entity571 severity.

Economic burden of knee and XXXX in Spain.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA', 'Osteoarthritis'] @entity7634 :: ('9319', 'Species') :: ['euros'] @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['hip OA']
@entity570 :: (MESH:D015207,Disease) :: ['hip osteoarthritis']
