OBJECTIVE: In the current exploratory study, we longitudinally measured immune parameters in the blood of individuals with @entity3780 ( @entity3780 ) and @entity19383 ( @entity19383 ), and investigated their relationship to disease duration and clinical and radiologic measures of @entity130 . METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma were obtained from subjects with @entity3780 , @entity19383 , and from healthy controls on a monthly basis over the course of 1 year. MRI and Expanded Disability Status Scale evaluations were performed serially. PBMCs were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay to enumerate @entity2610 -specific interleukin (IL)-17- and interferon (IFN)-y-producing cells. Plasma concentrations of proinflammatory factors were measured using customized Luminex panels. RESULTS: Frequencies of @entity379 -producing PBMCs were higher in individuals with @entity3780 and @entity19383 compared to healthy controls. @entity1 with @entity19383 expressed elevated levels of @entity4155 -inducible chemokines that activate and recruit myeloid cells. In the cohort of @entity1 with @entity19383 without inflammatory activity, upregulation of myeloid-related factors correlated directly with MRI T2 lesion burden and inversely with brain parenchymal tissue volume. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this exploratory study raise the possibility that Th17 responses and @entity4155 -inducible myeloid factors are elevated during @entity19383 compared with @entity3780 , and correlate with lesion burden. Our data endorse further investigation of Th17- and myeloid-related factors as candidate therapeutic targets in @entity19383 .

Dysregulation of the IL-23/ XXXX axis and myeloid factors in secondary progressive MS.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity2610 :: ('4155', 'Gene') :: ['myelin basic protein'] @entity3780 :: ('MESH:D020529', 'Disease') :: ['relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis', 'RRMS'] @entity4155 :: ('3605', 'Gene') :: ['IL-17'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['myelin basic protein-specific IL-17- and IFN-y'] @entity19383 :: ('MESH:D020528', 'Disease') :: ['secondary progressive multiple sclerosis', 'SPMS'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['CNS injury']
@entity4155 :: (3605,Gene) :: ['IL-17']
