Traditionally, immunosuppressive maintenance therapy in solid organ transplantation has consisted of @entity205 ( @entity870 ), @entity500 , and @entity229 . However, lung transplant recipients are far more frequently affected by acute rejection, especially during the first 6 months after the transplantation, than @entity1 with other transplanted organs. Further, they display a greater risk for chronic @entity8 and ultimate graft loss. @entity4154 ( @entity4154 ) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality among long-term survivors after lung transplantation. Acute pulmonary allograft rejection has been identified as the major risk factor for the development of @entity4154 . Based on favourable results in kidney, liver, and heart transplantation, @entity1140 and @entity618 have been used as primary prophylaxis and as rescue therapy for recurrent or persistent acute rejection and @entity4154 . A secondary indication is CsA @entity137 . This review focuses on reported results of the combination of @entity1140 and @entity618 in lung transplantation. These new immunosuppressive drugs have markedly improved the efficacy profiles without additional detrimental @entity137 , and appear to be a safe alternative to CsA and @entity500 in @entity1 following lung transplantation. However, at present, @entity4154 is not influenced by these new drugs. The optimal long-term immunosuppressive regimen remains to be established.

Lung transplants with XXXX and @entity618 : a review.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['transplant dysfunction'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities'] @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine'] @entity870 :: ('CHEBI:55379', 'Chemical') :: ['CsA'] @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone'] @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine'] @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil'] @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus'] @entity4154 :: ('MESH:D001989', 'Disease') :: ['Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome', 'BOS']
@entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['tacrolimus']
