UNASSIGNED: The developmental ability and gene expression pattern at 8- to 16-cell and blastocyst stages of buffalo ( @entity11520 ) nuclear transfer (NT) embryos from fetal fibroblasts (FFs), amnion mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and @entity52 ( @entity52 ) embryos were compared in the present studies. The in vitro expanded buffalo FFs showed a typical "S" shape growth curve with a doubling time of 41.4  h and stained positive for vimentin. The in vitro cultured undifferentiated AMSCs showed a doubling time of 39.5  h and stained positive for alkaline phosphatase, and these cells also showed expression of pluripotency markers ( @entity61681 , SOX 2, @entity69115 ), and mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD29, @entity69116 ) and were negative for haematopoietic marker ( @entity69117 ) genes at different passages. Further, when AMSCs were exposed to corresponding induction conditions, these cells differentiated into @entity421 which were confirmed through oil red O, @entity3737 and alizarin staining, respectively. Donor cells at 3-4 passage were employed for NT. The cleavage rate was significantly (P  <  0.05) higher in @entity52 than in FF-NT and AMSC-NT embryos (82.6      8.2 vs. 64.6      1.3 and 72.3      2.2  %, respectively). However, blastocyst rates in @entity52 and AMSC-NT embryos (30.6      2.7 and 28.9      3.1  %) did not differ and were significantly (P  <  0.05) higher than FF-NT (19.5      1.8  %). Total cell number did not show significant (P  >  0.05) differences between @entity52 and AMSC-NT embryos (186.7      4.2, 171.2      3.8, respectively) but were significantly (P  <  0.05) higher than that from FF-NT (151.3      4.1). Alterations in the expression pattern of genes implicated in transcription and pluripotency ( @entity61681 , @entity69118 , @entity69115 ), DNA methylation ( @entity59150 , @entity59151 ), histone deacetylation ( @entity69119 ), growth factor signaling and imprinting ( @entity46670 , @entity69120 ), apoptosis ( @entity69121 , @entity69122 ), metabolism ( @entity69123 ) and oxidative stress (MnSOD) regulation were observed in cloned embryos. The transcripts or expression patterns in AMSC-NT embryos more closely followed that of the in vitro derived embryos compared with FF-NT embryos. The results demonstrate that multipotent amnion MSCs have a greater potential as donor cells than FFs in achieving enhanced production of cloned buffalo embryos.

Differential developmental competence and gene expression patterns in buffalo ( XXXX ) nuclear transfer embryos reconstructed with fetal fibroblasts and amnion mesenchymal stem cells.

@entity69122 :: ('102402077', 'Gene') :: ['BCL2'] @entity69123 :: ('102392377', 'Gene') :: ['GLUT1'] @entity69118 :: ('102414888', 'Gene') :: ['STAT3'] @entity3737 :: ('MESH:D000423', 'Chemical') :: ['alcian blue'] @entity69121 :: ('102400076', 'Gene') :: ['BAX'] @entity46670 :: ('102395378', 'Gene') :: ['IGF2'] @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages'] @entity69120 :: ('102403952', 'Gene') :: ['IGF2R'] @entity69115 :: ('102395904', 'Gene') :: ['NANOG'] @entity61681 :: ('102395613', 'Gene') :: ['OCT 4', 'OCT4'] @entity69117 :: ('102390020', 'Gene') :: ['CD34'] @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in vitro fertilized', 'IVF'] @entity59151 :: ('102411368', 'Gene') :: ['DNMT3A'] @entity11520 :: ('89462', 'Species') :: ['Bubalus bubalis'] @entity69119 :: ('102400806', 'Gene') :: ['HDAC2'] @entity59150 :: ('102411201', 'Gene') :: ['DNMT1'] @entity69116 :: ('102404126', 'Gene') :: ['CD44']
@entity11520 :: (89462,Species) :: ['Bubalus bubalis']
