In this article the methodological basis for our knowledge within the field of driving under the influence of non- @entity285 drugs is reviewed. The experimental and epidemiological studies on drugs in relation to driving do not constitute a complete basis for conclusions to be drawn, but give at the present state nevertheless a platform to indicate increased hazard connected with the use of several drugs. It appears that the main problem with respect to therapeutic use of medicinal drugs is experienced with @entity1245 ( @entity38676 ) and related drugs, and to a lesser extent with opioids and antidepressants. @entity16206 use does not appear to be a serious problem. The major problem within the field of @entity734 as it emerges today in the US and Europe is the high dose use (abuse) of @entity38676 and related drugs, opioids and illicit drugs such as @entity835 , @entity889 , @entity2072 and related drugs with accompanying danger to traffic safety. Methods determining clinical drug effects in @entity1 combined with measurements of drug blood concentrations seem to constitute the best basis for evaluation of "influence". New methods to detect drugged drivers are under development, with saliva tests presently being the most promising. Legislation in the field can be of the "zero tolerance" type or the "impairment" type; combinations of these principles might well turn out to be the most efficient. Detection of @entity734 is presently, in relation to population size, most frequent in Norway, a country with not too pronounced drug problems, indicating a large potential for future detection of @entity734 in other countries. The prevention of @entity734 , especially in the drug-abusing group which has a high recidivism rate, is a challenge for future policy in this field.

Driving under the Influence of Non- XXXX Drugs.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people'] @entity16206 :: ('CHEBI:37956', 'Chemical') :: ['Antihistamine'] @entity835 :: ('MESH:D002189', 'Disease') :: ['cannabis'] @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines'] @entity889 :: ('MESH:D000662', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamines'] @entity2072 :: ('MESH:D003042', 'Chemical') :: ['cocaine'] @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol'] @entity38676 :: ('D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['BZDs'] @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drugged driving']
@entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']
