INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of national pre-hospital rescue strategies on the status of severely injured @entity1 at the time of admission to a @entity130 Center (TC) in Germany or the Netherlands. @entity1 AND METHODS: This retrospective database analysis based on the TraumaRegister DGU(  ) (TR-DGU) of the German @entity130 Society compares the pre-hospital @entity130 system of Germany with three @entity130 Centers (TCs) from the Netherlands. It comprises @entity130 @entity1 from 2009 to 2012 admitted to a Level I TC, all @entity1 aged 16-80 years primarily admitted with an ISS >= 16 and data available for mode of transport, pre-hospital measures and total pre-hospital time. Additionally three subgroups were formed by mode of transportation and involved personnel: Ambulance/Physician, Helicopter/Physician, Ambulance/EMT. Primary endpoint is the @entity1 's status at the time of admission to the @entity130 room. Secondary endpoint is hospital mortality. RESULTS: A total of 12,168 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Major differences in the injury patterns, pre-hospital rescue time, transport strategy and actions are documented. The mean ISS in the German overall group was 28.6  12.2 compared to 27.4  12.8 in the Dutch overall group. In the subgroups the highest injury severity with 29.8  12.7 for German @entity1 and 31.0  14.6 for Dutch @entity1 was found in the Helicopter/Physician subgroups and the lowest in @entity1 transported by ambulance under emergency medical technician (EMT) care i.e. 24.2  8.9 for German @entity1 and 23.6  10.3 for Dutch @entity1 . The mean total pre-hospital time for @entity1 admitted to Dutch TCs of 53.8  28.7min was 15.1min shorter than for @entity1 transported to German TCs 68.7  28.6min. The overall mean pre-hospital volume replacement of 1103  821ml for German @entity1 was about twice as high as for Dutch @entity1 (541  700ml). In physician led subgroups in the Netherlands higher rates of intubation, @entity2922 administration and chest tubes are recorded. The basic vital signs from on-scene to hospital admission did not show relevant changes. Additional parameters available in the @entity130 room revealed a lower mean Base Excess (BE) for Dutch @entity1 and a diminished mean prothrombin ratio for German @entity1 . No reliable evidence was found that differences in the mortality analysis resulted from different national pre-hospital strategy. CONCLUSIONS: Many differences in the national pre-hospital strategy were demonstrated but the effect on @entity1 's status at the time of admission to @entity130 room remains unclear. A follow-up study, which mitigates the now known injury patterns has to be initiated to further substantiate the findings of this study.

Pre-hospital rescue times and actions in severe @entity130 . A comparison between two XXXX systems: Germany and the Netherlands.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS'] @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']
@entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']
