BACKGROUND: Induction of angiogenesis is essential for @entity5 growth and @entity3 . The role of angiogenetic factors and corresponding microvessel density in the development of @entity3 of nonseminomatous @entity2969 (NSGCTs) is not clearly defined. Aim of the study was to gain new insights in the expression of the above described factors in different histological subtypes of metastatic and non-metastatic NSGCTs. METHODS: @entity982 -embedded tissues of 39 NSGCTs (19 organ confined NSGCTs, pathological stage I and 20 NSGCTs with @entity3 , pathological stage II) were immunohistochemical stained with antibodies for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) with the ligands flt and flk, for the angiogenetic factor @entity12136 as well as for endothelial markers @entity2280 and CD105. Areas representative of the invasive @entity5 were selected and the different histological subtypes were microdissected. For each subtype immunohistochemical expression in metastatic and organ confined @entity5 was assessed. Additionally, @entity2295 was investigated by microvessel density and correlated to the markers of angiogenesis. RESULTS: @entity7 expression was most often seen in @entity44 components. There was no significant difference in the expression of @entity7 , flt or flk in metastatic vs. organ confined @entity5 and their different histological subtypes seen. Only frequency and intensity for @entity12136 expression differed significantly between metastatic and non-metastatic @entity5 . Using CD105 a significantly higher microvessel density was observed in @entity5 . In addition, microvessel density determined by CD105 correlated significantly with @entity12136 expression. DISCUSSION: @entity7 and its receptors flt and flk seem not be involved in the progress of metastatic development of NSGCTs. Only expression of @entity12136 , a protooncogene involved in @entity5 angiogenesis, was significantly higher and more frequently seen in metastatic NSGCTs. A difference in microvessel density between @entity5 stages could only be observed if the specific CD105 antibody was used. In contrast, no difference in microvessel distribution between histological subtypes or @entity5 stages was observed if the pan-endothelial marker @entity2280 was used. Furthermore, @entity12136 expression was significantly associated with CD105 microvessel density. Conclusively, @entity12136 together with microvessel density determined by CD105 may have prognostic value in the multistep event of @entity105 .

Angiogenetic protooncogene @entity12136 induced @entity2295 is involved in the metastatic process of XXXX .

@entity12136 :: ('2113', 'Gene') :: ['ets-1'] @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage II tumors', 'tumors'] @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization'] @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['Paraffin'] @entity2969 :: ('MESH:C563236', 'Disease') :: ['testicular germ cell tumors'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis'] @entity2280 :: ('947', 'Gene') :: ['CD34'] @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis'] @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']
@entity2969 :: (MESH:C563236,Disease) :: ['testicular germ cell tumors']
