To understand the efficacy of @entity16036 , @entity23602 , milbemectin, and @entity41100 on the reproduction and development of @entity8027 , seven parameters, namely population growth, fecundity, egg hatchability, @entity2085 , percent larval development, body size, and sexual ratio, were investigated using sublethal (LC20) doses of these compounds in the laboratory. @entity16036 treatment led to a significant suppression in population size, brood size, and percent larval development with 411, 3.50, and 49.63%, respectively, compared to 20850, 24.33, and 61.43% for the negative control. The @entity2085 increased obviously from 12.47% and 13.70% to 51.37% and 75.30%, respectively. In addition, the body length was also significantly reduced for both males and females in the @entity16036 treatment. @entity23602 and @entity30635 were also effective in suppressing population growth by increasing @entity2085 and reducing larval development, although they did not affect either brood size or @entity2085 . Body length for both male and female worms was increased by @entity23602 . Thiacloprid caused no adverse reproductive effects, although it suppressed larval development. Sexual ratio was not affected by any of these four nematicides. Our results indicate that @entity16036 , milbemectin, and @entity23602 are effective against the reproduction of @entity8027 . We think these three nematicides can be useful for the control of pine wilt disease.

Efficacy of Four Nematicides Against the Reproduction and Development of @entity8027 , XXXX .

@entity23602 :: ('MESH:C019264', 'Chemical') :: ['avermectin', 'Avermectin'] @entity41100 :: ('MESH:C417209', 'Chemical') :: ['thiacloprid'] @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic and larval lethality', 'larval lethality', 'embryonic lethality'] @entity30635 :: ('MESH:C027837', 'Chemical') :: ['milbemectin'] @entity8027 :: ('6326', 'Species') :: ['B. xylophilus', 'Bursaphelenchus xylophilus'] @entity16036 :: ('MESH:C108024', 'Chemical') :: ['emamectin benzoate', 'Emamectin benzoate']
@entity8027 :: (6326,Species) :: ['Bursaphelenchus xylophilus']
