BACKGROUND: Invasive @entity364 are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. METHODS: In an international, randomized, double-blind trial, we compared oral @entity7143 with oral @entity2380 for prophylaxis against invasive @entity364 in @entity1 with @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) who were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The primary end point was the incidence of proven or probable invasive @entity364 from randomization to day 112 of the fixed treatment period of the study. RESULTS: Of a total of 600 @entity1 , 301 were assigned to @entity7143 and 299 to @entity2380 . At the end of the fixed 112-day treatment period, @entity7143 was found to be as effective as @entity2380 in preventing all invasive @entity364 (incidence, 5.3% and 9.0%, respectively; odds ratio, 0.56; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 1.07; P=0.07) and was superior to @entity2380 in preventing proven or probable @entity3 (2.3% vs. 7.0%; odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.75; P=0.006). While @entity1 were receiving study medications (exposure period), in the @entity7143 group, as compared with the @entity2380 group, there were fewer @entity364 (2.4% vs. 7.6%, P=0.004), particularly @entity3 (1.0% vs. 5.9%, P=0.001). Overall mortality was similar in the two groups, but the number of @entity204 from invasive @entity364 was lower in the @entity7143 group (1%, vs. 4% in the @entity2380 group; P=0.046). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was similar in the two groups (36% in the @entity7143 group and 38% in the @entity2380 group), and the rates of treatment-related serious adverse events were 13% and 10%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7143 was similar to @entity2380 for prophylaxis against @entity364 among @entity1 with @entity2132 . It was superior in preventing @entity3 and reducing the rate of @entity204 related to @entity364 . (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00034645 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).

@entity7143 or XXXX for prophylaxis in severe @entity2132 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole'] @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections', 'breakthrough invasive fungal infections'] @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive aspergillosis'] @entity7143 :: ('MESH:C101425', 'Chemical') :: ['Posaconazole', 'posaconazole'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths']
@entity2380 :: (MESH:D015725,Chemical) :: ['fluconazole']
