BACKGROUND: Over 90% of antibiotics for @entity1 use in Europe are prescribed in primary care. We assessed the congruence between primary care treatment guidelines for @entity272 and commensal @entity794 (S. aureus) antimicrobial resistance levels in community-dwelling @entity1 . METHODS: The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in @entity794 was analysed by taking nose swabs from healthy primary care @entity1 in nine European countries (total N = 32,032). Primary care treatment guidelines for @entity4577 were interpreted with respect to these antimicrobial resistance patterns. First- and second-choice recommendations were assessed and considered congruent if resistance to the antibiotic did not exceed 20%. RESULTS: We included primary care treatment guidelines for @entity9280 , @entity2688 , @entity14663 and @entity6690 . Treatment recommendations in all countries were consistent: most of the first-choice recommendations were beta-lactams, both for @entity1 and adults. Antimicrobial resistance levels were low, except for @entity114 (on average 73% resistance). Considerable variation in antimicrobial resistance levels was found between countries, with Sweden displaying the lowest levels and Spain the highest. In some countries resistance to @entity114 and @entity4580 was significantly higher in @entity1 (4-17 years) compared with adults. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the first- and second-choice recommendations in the treatment guidelines for @entity272 were congruent with commensal S. aureus antimicrobial resistance patterns in the community, except for two recommendations for @entity114 . Given the variation in antimicrobial resistance levels between countries, age groups and health care settings, national data regarding antimicrobial resistance in the community should be taken into account when updating or developing primary care treatment guidelines.

Primary care treatment guidelines for XXXX in Europe: congruence with antimicrobial resistance found in commensal @entity794 in the community.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients', 'persons'] @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin'] @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus'] @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis'] @entity14663 :: ('MESH:D005499', 'Disease') :: ['folliculitis'] @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin'] @entity9280 :: ('MESH:D007169', 'Disease') :: ['impetigo'] @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections'] @entity6690 :: ('MESH:D005667', 'Disease') :: ['furuncle'] @entity4577 :: ('MESH:D017192', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial skin infections']
@entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin infections']
