An 18-year-old male developed @entity327 complete @entity1688 following a motor-cycle accident in May 1975. The @entity1973 was managed by an indwelling urethral catheter. He developed recurrent episodes of @entity293 with @entity795 species. In September 1975, an X-ray of the abdomen revealed small calculi in both the kidneys. In July 1976, he underwent transurethral resection of the bladder neck and division of the external urethral sphincter; subsequently, he was put on a penile sheath drainage. He continued to suffer from repeated episodes of @entity293 with @entity795 , Providencia, and Pseudomonas species, and he was treated with antibiotics. In 1980, intravenous urography (IVU) showed two large stones in the left kidney with marked caliectasis. The IVU performed in 1984 showed an increase in the size of the calculi in the left kidney which was grossly hydronephrotic. There were clusters of small calculi in the right kidney. The @entity1290 were treated by percutaneous lithotripsy in two sessions. In 1988, an X-ray of the abdomen revealed staghorn @entity1290 and recurrence of stones in the left kidney. The staghorn @entity1290 was treated by percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in two sessions. In 1991, he was admitted with acute @entity293 . IVU showed a stone in the pelviureteric junction with no excretion of contrast in the left kidney. @entity5173 was established followed by left percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. In 1992, he was found to retain large amount of urine in the bladder; subsequently, his mother was taught to perform regular intermittent catheterisations. In 1995, he was admitted with acute urine infection. Abdominal X-ray revealed recurrence of large stones in both kidneys. With multiple sessions of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL), about 80% clearance was achieved on the left side. Right staghorn @entity1290 awaits treatment. This case shows that recurrent @entity293 in @entity1566 @entity1 is a predisposing factor for @entity8 . These @entity1 require annual urological evaluation. Urinary tract calculi, if detected, should be dealt with promptly to prevent @entity8 due to @entity1876 and urosepsis. @entity1290 can be treated effectively and safely by ESWL in @entity1566 @entity1 , thus avoiding the need for an invasive procedure. It is essential to achieve low-pressure, adequate emptying of the urinary bladder in @entity1 with @entity1566 in order to prevent recurrent @entity293 and its sequelae. Social issues involved in the care of a tetraplegic @entity1 play a vital role in the implementation of ideal medical treatment and need to be addressed promptly to avoid any compromise in the quality of medical care.

Recurrent bilateral XXXX in a tetraplegic @entity1 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['tetraplegia'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal damage', 'renal lithiasis'] @entity795 :: ('MESH:D016715', 'Disease') :: ['Proteus'] @entity327 :: ('727', 'Gene') :: ['C-5'] @entity1973 :: ('MESH:D001750', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic bladder'] @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['Percutaneous nephrostomy drainage'] @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['left renal calculi', 'Renal calculi', 'renal stone', 'calculus in the right kidney'] @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury'] @entity1876 :: ('MESH:D001748', 'Disease') :: ['urinary obstruction'] @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection', 'urinary infection']
@entity1290 :: (MESH:D007669,Disease) :: ['renal calculi']
