UNASSIGNED: @entity32898 ( @entity32898 ) neurons in the hypothalamic @entity1019 ( @entity1019 ) are key components of the @entity2339 , as they regulate the basal pulsatile release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). @entity1019 @entity32898 action is dependent on energy status, and unmasking metabolic factors responsible for modulating @entity1019 @entity32898 neurons is of great importance. One possible factor is @entity20647 ( @entity20647 ), an anorexigenic neuropeptide produced by brainstem preproglucagon neurons. Because GLP fiber projections and the @entity15984 ( @entity15984 ) are abundant in the @entity1019 , we hypothesized that @entity15984 signaling could modulate @entity1019 @entity32898 action. Using ovariectomized @entity19 , we found that GLP-producing fibers come in close apposition with @entity1019 @entity32898 neurons; these neurons also contain @entity15984 mRNA. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that liraglutide (a long-acting @entity15984 agonist) increased action potential firing and caused a direct membrane depolarization of @entity1019 @entity32898 cells in brain slices. We determined that brainstem preproglucagon mRNA is decreased after a 48-h fast in @entity19 , a negative energy state in which @entity1019 @entity32898 expression and downstream GnRH/luteinizing hormone (LH) release are potently suppressed. However, activation of @entity15984 signaling in fasted @entity19 with liraglutide was not sufficient to prevent LH inhibition. Furthermore, chronic central infusions of the @entity15984 antagonist, exendin(9-39), in ad libitum-fed @entity19 did not alter @entity1019 @entity32898 mRNA or plasma LH. As a whole, these data identify a novel interaction of the @entity20647 system with @entity1019 @entity32898 neurons but indicate that CNS @entity15984 signaling alone is not critical for the maintenance of LH during fasting or normal feeding.

@entity15984 Signaling Directly Activates Arcuate Nucleus XXXX Action in Brain Slices but Does not Rescue Luteinizing Hormone Inhibition in Ovariectomized @entity19 During Negative Energy Balance.

@entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity20647 :: ('14526(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide 1', 'GLP-1'] @entity15984 :: ('14652(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Glp1r', 'GLP-1R', 'GLP-1 receptor'] @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis'] @entity32898 :: ('280287(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Kisspeptin', 'Kiss1'] @entity1019 :: ('MESH:D012607', 'Disease') :: ['ARC', 'arcuate nucleus']
@entity32898 :: (280287(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Kisspeptin']
