BACKGROUND: The fifth leading cause of @entity5 deaths among @entity1 is @entity43 ( @entity43 ), which originates primarily in the @entity2670 ( @entity2670 ) that surrounds the ovary. Permanent removal of the @entity2670 could provide a novel strategy to substantially reduce @entity43 risk, while retaining the @entity2670 , including gameto- and steroidogenesis. It must be determined whether ovarian surface epitheliectomy (OSEx) carries deleterious side effects, including loss of menstrual cyclicity, @entity249 or scarring (e.g. adhesions), prior to any clinical application of this strategy. To achieve this, we selected the non- @entity1 primate, @entity2608 , for long-term (12 month) studies on the effects of OSEx. METHODS: @entity2608 females underwent OSEx by detergent treatment and were then monitored for menstrual cyclicity (menstruation, steroidogenesis and follicle development) and adverse side effects (tissue scarring or adhesions). Ovaries were collected at 6 or 12 months and examined for evidence of tissue damage, follicle rupture and regression of the corpus luteum. The ovarian surface was examined immunohistologically for signs of epithelial replacement, using markers for @entity2670 and fimbrial epithelium (FE), a possible alternative source of @entity530 diagnosed as @entity43 . RESULTS: After OSEx, menstrual cycle length, @entity172 and @entity1420 production, follicle rupture and luteal regression appeared normal. No evidence of adhesions was seen. At 6 and 12 months post-OSEx, the ovarian surface was sparsely populated by cells expressing @entity2670 and FE markers. Proliferative activity in this population was notably low. CONCLUSIONS: OSEx may provide a novel method to reduce the risk of @entity43 , without sacrificing ovarian function, although the effects on fertility remain to be tested. The absence of epithelial replacement via enhanced proliferation suggests OSEx does not increase malignant potential. Complete and permanent OSEx may be feasible.

Ovarian surface epitheliectomy in the non- XXXX primate: continued cyclic ovarian function and limited epithelial replacement.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human'] @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['OC', 'ovarian cancer'] @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility'] @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic tumors'] @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['OSE', 'benefits of ovarian function', 'ovarian surface epithelium'] @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['Rhesus macaque', 'rhesus macaque']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
