BACKGROUND: Campylobacter spp. has been identified as one of the leading causes of @entity2348 in the world. In recent years, an increase was demonstrated in the incidence of campylobacteriosis in several countries, including Israel. The incidence rate of campylobacteriosis in Israel increased from 22.3 per 100000 in 1997 to 77.4 per 100000 in 2009. The aim of this study was to explore risk factors for @entity281 with Campylobacter among young @entity1 in Israel. METHODS: A matched case-control study was performed to investigate risk factors for sporadic @entity27134 among 113 affected @entity1 1 to 5 years of age and 113 age-, gender- and neighborhood-matched controls. Information about exposure to potential risk factors was obtained via telephone interview and was evaluated by conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In the multivariable model, for each additional @entity1573 meal consumed during the week before the onset of illness, the odds for @entity27134 increased by 32% (adjusted matched odds ratios (aMOR)=1.32, 95%CI: 1.01-1.72, p-value=0.04) while consumption of fruits and vegetables decreased the odds for @entity27134 by 97% (aMOR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.00-0.28, p-value<0.01), and for each additional @entity1 living in the household, the odds for @entity281 decreased by 48% (aMOR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.33-0.83, p-value<0.01). Using diaper increased the odds for campylobacteriosis (aMOR=7.36, 95%CI: 1.66-32.70, p-value<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that focus on proper handling of @entity1573 and @entity1573 products, hand washing and encouraging consumption of fruits and vegetables could help in controlling Campylobacterinfections.

Risk Factors for Sporadic Infection with Campylobacter Spp. among XXXX in Israel: A Case-Control Study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children'] @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial gastroenteritis'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic infection', 'infection'] @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chicken'] @entity27134 :: ('MESH:D002169', 'Disease') :: ['Campylobacter infection']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']
