BACKGROUND: Decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a biological scaffold used surgically for tissue repair. Here, we demonstrate a model of SIS as a scaffold for @entity1 adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in vitro and apply it in vivo in a @entity35 @entity4037 repair model. STUDY DESIGN: ASCs adherence was examined by confocal microscopy and proliferation rate was measured by growth curves. Multipotency of ASCs seeded onto SIS was tested using adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic induction media. For in vivo testing, midline abdominal musculofascial and peritoneal defects were created in @entity35 . Samples were evaluated for tensile strength, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: All test groups showed cell adherence and proliferation on SIS. Fibronectin-treated scaffolds retained more cells than those treated with vehicle alone (p  <  0.05). Fresh stromal vascular fraction (SVF) pellets containing ASCs were injected onto the SIS scaffold and showed similar results to cultured ASCs. Maintenance of multipotency on SIS was confirmed by lineage-specific markers and dyes. Histopathology revealed @entity2295 and cell influx to ASC-seeded SIS samples following animal implantation. ASC-seeded SIS appeared to offer a stronger repair than plain SIS, but these results were not statistically significant. Immunohistochemistry showed continued presence of cells of @entity1 origin in ASC-seeded repairs at 1  month postoperation. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment of the scaffold with fibronectin offers a method to increase cell adhesion and delivery. ASCs maintain their immunophenotype and ability to differentiate while on SIS. Seeding freshly isolated SVF onto the scaffold demonstrated that minimally manipulated cells may be useful for perioperative surgical applications within the OR suite. We have shown that this model for a "living mesh" can be successfully used in abdominal wall reconstruction.

Living scaffolds: surgical repair using scaffolds seeded with XXXX adipose-derived stem cells.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity2295 :: ('MESH:D015861', 'Disease') :: ['neovascularization'] @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hernia'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
