PURPOSE: Among @entity1 with multiply relapsed @entity521 refractory to conventional chemotherapy, oral @entity1945 has often been used for palliation. Although @entity137 was generally thought to be mild, the efficacy of such an approach remains unproven. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed @entity1 with multiply relapsed or refractory @entity521 who were treated with oral @entity1945 for palliation. Each course was generally 1 mg/m2/d in two divided doses, for 21 consecutive days, repeated after a 1-week rest in @entity1 without symptoms of @entity74 . Disease status was assessed by radiographic studies, urine @entity2922 levels, and multiple @entity236 and biopsies. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 between the ages of 3 and 34 (median 13 years) received 1 (n = 7), 2 (n = 3), 3 (n = 4), 4 (n = 2), 6 (n = 2), and 12 courses (n = 2). Prior treatments included multiple cycles of high-dose alkylator-based chemotherapy (n = 20), high-dose intravenous @entity1945 (n = 8), myeloablative chemotherapy or radioimmunotherapy (n = 10), or experimental biologic agents (n = 16). Anti- @entity521 effects were seen in five @entity1 lasting 6 to 12 months; two additional @entity1 remained stable for 4 months. Thirteen @entity1 had @entity74 (11 after one or two cycles). @entity137 included @entity294 (n = 12) requiring a dose adjustment in three @entity1 and discontinuation of the drug in a fourth, and myelosuppression (n = 11) requiring transfusion and/or @entity1261 support. CONCLUSIONS: Oral @entity1945 therapy has antitumor activity in a small percentage of @entity1 with relapsed or refractory @entity521 . @entity137 , including @entity294 and myelosuppression, may necessitate a dose adjustment in this @entity1 population. Low-dose oral @entity1945 may have utility in the treatment of @entity521 .

Oral XXXX for refractory and relapsed @entity521 : a retrospective analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'Toxicities'] @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-colony stimulating factor'] @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea'] @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease'] @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma'] @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine'] @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aspirations'] @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['topotecan']
@entity1945 :: (MESH:D019772,Chemical) :: ['topotecan']
