UNASSIGNED: The plasminogen activator (PA) system consists of plasminogen activator inhibitor type  1 ( @entity2289 ), @entity2290 and its receptor ( @entity2290 and @entity10431 ). @entity2289 inhibits the activation of @entity2290 (which converts plasminogen to @entity1351 ), and is involved in @entity5 invasion and @entity3 , by remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) through regulating @entity1351 . @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cells within @entity5 , and are thought to be involved in @entity5 recurrence and @entity3 . Considering these facts, we investigated the relationship between @entity2289 and cervical CSCs. We used @entity14215 as a marker of cervical CSCs. First, we demonstrated that culturing @entity14215 -high cells and ALDH-low cells on collagen IV-coted plates increased their expression of active @entity2289 (ELISA), and these increases were suggested to be at mRNA expression levels (RT-qPCR). Secondly, we demonstrated @entity2289 was indeed involved in the ECM maintenance. With gelatin zymography assays, we found that @entity14215 -high cells and ALDH-low cells expressed pro-matrix metalloproteinase-2 (pro-MMP-2) irrespective of their coatings. With gelatinase/collagenase assay kit, we confirmed that collagenase activity was increased when @entity14215 -low cells were exposed to @entity70194 , a small molecule inhibitor of @entity2289 . Putting the data together, we hypothesized that @entity5 cells adhered to basal membrane secrete abundant @entity2289 , on the other hand, @entity5 cells (especially CSCs rather than non-CSCs) distant from basal membrane secrete less @entity2289 , which makes the ECM surrounding CSCs more susceptible to degradation. Our study could be an explanation of conflicting reports, where some researchers found negative impacts of @entity2289 expression on clinical outcomes and others not, by considering the concept of CSCs.

Decreased expression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type  1 is involved in degradation of extracellular matrix surrounding cervical XXXX stem cells.

@entity2289 :: ('5054', 'Gene') :: ['PAI-1'] @entity10431 :: ('5329', 'Gene') :: ['uPAR'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors', 'Cancer'] @entity1351 :: ('5340', 'Gene') :: ['plasmin'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis'] @entity70194 :: ('MESH:C549556', 'Chemical') :: ['TM5275'] @entity14215 :: ('216', 'Gene') :: ['ALDH1'] @entity2290 :: ('5328', 'Gene') :: ['urokinase-type plasminogen activator', 'uPA']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']
