Importance: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising @entity15 ( @entity15 ) biomarkers. Establishing the association between miRNAs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of disease severity will help define their significance and potential impact. Objective: To correlate circulating miRNAs in the serum of @entity1 with @entity15 to brain and spinal MRI. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : A cross-sectional study comparing serum miRNA samples with MRI metrics was conducted at a tertiary @entity15 referral center. Two independent cohorts (41 and 79 @entity1 ) were retrospectively identified from the Comprehensive Longitudinal Investigation of @entity15 at the Brigham and @entity1 's Hospital. Expression of miRNA was determined by locked nucleic acid-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to test the association between miRNA and @entity75 (T2 hyperintense lesion volume [T2LV]), the ratio of T1 hypointense lesion volume [T1LV] to T2LV [T1:T2]), @entity1010 (whole brain and gray matter), and cervical @entity602 (T2LV) and @entity194 . The study was conducted from December 2013 to April 2016. Main Outcomes and Measures: miRNA expression. Results: Of the 120 @entity1 included in the study, cohort 1 included 41 @entity1 (7 [17.1%] @entity1 ), with mean (SD) age of 47.7 (9.5) years; cohort 2 had 79 @entity1 (26 [32.9%] @entity1 ) with a mean (SD) age of 43.0 (7.5) years. Associations between miRNAs and MRIs were both protective and pathogenic. Regarding miRNA signatures, a topographic specificity differed for the brain vs the spinal cord, and the signature differed between T2LV and @entity194 /destructive measures. Four miRNAs showed similar significant protective correlations with T1:T2 in both cohorts, with the highest for hsa.miR.143.3p (cohort 1: Spearman correlation coefficient rs   =   -0.452, P   =   .003; cohort 2: rs   =   -0.225, P   =   .046); the others included hsa.miR.142.5p (cohort 1: rs   =   -0.424, P   =   .006; cohort 2: rs   =   -0.226, P   =   .045), hsa.miR.181c.3p (cohort 1: rs   =   -0.383, P   =   .01; cohort 2: rs   =   -0.222, P   =   .049), and hsa.miR.181c.5p (cohort 1: rs   =   -0.433, P   =   .005; cohort 2: rs   =   -0.231, P   =   .04). In the 2 cohorts, hsa.miR.486.5p (cohort 1: rs   =   0.348, P   =   .03; cohort 2: rs   =   0.254, P   =   .02) and hsa.miR.92a.3p (cohort 1: rs   =   0.392, P   =   .01; cohort 2: rs   =   0.222, P   =   .049) showed similar significant pathogenic correlations with T1:T2; hsa.miR.375 (cohort 1: rs   =   -0.345, P   =   .03; cohort 2: rs   =   -0.257, P   =   .022) and hsa.miR.629.5p (cohort 1: rs   =   -0.350, P   =   .03; cohort 2: rs   =   -0.269, P   =   .02) showed significant pathogenic correlations with @entity1010 . Although we found several miRNAs associated with MRI outcomes, none of these associations remained significant when correcting for multiple comparisons, suggesting that further validation of our findings is needed. Conclusions and Relevance: Serum miRNAs may serve as @entity15 biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and act as surrogate markers to identify underlying disease processes.

Association Between Serum MicroRNAs and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of XXXX Severity.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Women', 'Participants', 'men'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesions'] @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord lesions'] @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy'] @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy'] @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'multiple sclerosis']
@entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['Multiple Sclerosis']
