PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of chronic @entity519 on neonatal brains, and follow developmental alterations and adaptations noninvasively in a @entity840 model. @entity519 is the prime cause of @entity75 and long-term sequelae such as neurodevelopmental compromise, @entity410 , and @entity306 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity840 underwent either normoxic and hypoxemic conditions during the critical stage of brain development (0.7 gestation) and studied prenatally (n   =   16) or perinatally (n   =   14). Fourteen newborns (7 @entity519 and 7 normoxia group) were scanned longitudinally to characterize physiological and morphological alterations, and axonal myelination and injury using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), T2 mapping, and T2 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Sixteen fetuses (8 @entity519 and 8 normoxia) were studied ex vivo to assess @entity519 -induced @entity528 /loss using Nissl staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS: Developmental brains in the @entity519 group showed lower fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum (-12%, P   =   0.02) and lower T2 values in the hippocampus (-16%, P   =   0.003) compared with the normoxia group with no differences in the cortex (P   >   0.07), indicating vulnerability of the hippocampus and cerebral white matter during early development. Fetal @entity840 brains with chronic @entity519 demonstrated an over 10-fold increase in expression levels of @entity519 index genes such as @entity21229 and @entity68605 , and an over 40% reduction in neuronal density, confirming prenatal @entity75 . CONCLUSION: In vivo MRI measurement, such as DTI and T2 mapping, provides quantitative parameters to characterize @entity16 and to monitor the impact of prenatal insult on the postnatal brain maturation of @entity840 . J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014.

Chronic fetal hypoxia affects axonal maturation in XXXX during development: A longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging and T2 mapping study.

@entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity21229 :: ('100712648', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['fetal brain injury', 'brain damage'] @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental abnormalities'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic hypoxemia', 'hypoxia'] @entity68605 :: ('100713113', 'Gene') :: ['HIF-1a'] @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal injury'] @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']
@entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']
