BACKGROUND: Fish reared under intensive conditions are repeatedly exposed to stress, which negatively impacts growth. Although most fish follow a conserved pattern of stress response, with increased concentrations of @entity701 , each species presents specificities in the cell response and stress tolerance. Therefore, culturing new species requires a detailed knowledge of these specific responses. The red @entity68927 (Genypterus chilensis) is a new economically important marine species for the Chilean aquaculture industry. However, there is no information on the stress- and @entity701 -induced mechanisms that decrease skeletal muscle growth in this teleost. RESULTS: Using Illumina RNA-seq technology, skeletal muscle sequence reads for @entity43689 were generated under control and handling stress conditions. Reads were mapped onto a reference transcriptome, resulting in the in silico identification of 785 up-regulated and 167 down-regulated transcripts. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed a significant up-regulation of catabolic genes associated with skeletal @entity2057 . These results were validated by RT-qPCR analysis for ten candidates genes involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, autophagy and skeletal muscle growth. Additionally, using a primary culture of fish skeletal muscle cells, the effect of @entity701 was evaluated in relation to red @entity68927 skeletal @entity2057 . CONCLUSIONS: The present data demonstrated that handling stress promotes skeletal @entity2057 in the marine teleost @entity43689 through the expression of components of the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome systems. Furthermore, @entity701 was a powerful inductor of skeletal @entity2057 in fish myotubes. This study is an important step towards understanding the atrophy system in non-model teleost species and provides novel insights on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control skeletal muscle growth in early vertebrates.

mRNA-seq reveals skeletal XXXX in response to handling stress in a marine teleost, the red @entity68927 (Genypterus chilensis).

@entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy'] @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol'] @entity43689 :: ('2775', 'Species') :: ['G. chilensis'] @entity68927 :: ('181397', 'Species') :: ['cusk-eel']
@entity2057 :: (MESH:D009133,Disease) :: ['muscle atrophy']
