OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reappearance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity for the @entity588 / @entity7513 translocation following a phase of molecular remission in autografted @entity706 ( @entity706 ) @entity1 is always associated with reappearance of the original neoplastic clone. @entity1 AND METHODS: The molecular follow-up of 119 autografted @entity588 / @entity7513 positive @entity1 was evaluated by nested PCR. In case of molecular recurrence, direct sequencing of involved rearrangements has been performed both at diagnosis and at the time of recurrence. The two sequences then were compared in terms of breakpoints, N insertions, and JH usage. RESULTS: Seventy-five @entity1 achieving molecular remission were identified in our @entity1 sample (63%). Of these @entity1 , eight (10.6%) experienced molecular recurrence. Direct sequencing of the @entity588 / @entity7513 translocation performed at diagnosis and recurrence showed identical rearrangements in six subjects and unrelated rearrangements in two. As opposed to most true molecular relapses, unrelated rearrangements always occurred several years after transplantation. To date, the two subjects carrying unrelated rearrangements show no signs of @entity1071 . CONCLUSIONS: This report is the first evidence that @entity588 / @entity7513 rearrangements unrelated to the original @entity5 clone can lead to false-positive results during the molecular follow-up of autografted @entity706 @entity1 . Based on these results, we recommend confirmation by direct sequencing, at least for @entity1 experiencing molecular relapse 2 or more years after the end of treatment. This will be particularly important for @entity1 enrolled in clinical trials that schedule additional treatment in case of molecular evidence of persistent disease activity.

Recurrence of @entity588 / @entity7513 polymerase chain reaction positivity following a prolonged molecular remission can be unrelated to the original XXXX clone.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS'] @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['active lymphoproliferative disease'] @entity588 :: ('596', 'Gene') :: ['Bcl-2'] @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['FL', 'follicular lymphoma'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor'] @entity7513 :: ('3492', 'Gene') :: ['IgH']
@entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['follicular lymphoma']
