At least two thirds of @entity1 with @entity788 are still unsuitable for resection, because of the extent of their disease or because of their high-risk conditions. In these cases, a palliative treatment is indicated to maximize the quality of life, in spite of the poor prognosis. During the years 1959-95, two-hundred-ninety-four @entity1 , affected with @entity788 , were observed. Resectability rate was 18%. One-hundred @entity1 underwent surgical palliation (34%): 58 biliary-bypasses, 15 gastroenterostomies and 27 double-bypasses. Sixty-nine explorative laparotomies were performed (23.4%), of which thirty-six were carried out during the years 1959-70. Sixty-three @entity1 did not undergo surgical treatment (21.6%), of which twenty-two underwent percutaneous biliary drainage, during the years 1981-95. Overall morbidity rate was 13% with decrease during the years of major @entity260 . During the years 1959-70 operative mortality rate after surgical bypass was 13.6%, during 1971-80 was 10.5% and during 1981-95 decreased to 8.1%. Major percentages were reported after explorative laparotomies. During the years 1959-70 and 1971-80, operative mortality rate was 16.6%, compared with 9.5% during the years 1981-95. @entity1 with @entity5 survived palliative surgery for about 12.8 months, compared with those with stage III and IV @entity5 , who survived for about 10.6 and 5 months, respectively. @entity1 who did not undergo surgical treatment survived 8.3, 4 and 1.3 months, respectively in II-III and IV stages. In this paper the authors examine advantages and disadvantages of palliative procedures, on the bases of their aims: relief of @entity3883 , @entity158 .

[Palliative procedures in the treatment of non-resectable XXXX . Retrospective study of 294 cases and review of the literature].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive jaundice'] @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic neoplasm', 'pancreatic cancer'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage II tumours', 'tumours'] @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal obstruction and pain']
@entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic tumors']
