PURPOSE: @entity158 is the most common symptom in @entity5 @entity1 . Standard @entity158 treatment according to the WHO three-step analgesic ladder provides effective @entity158 management in approximately 70-90  % of @entity5 @entity1 . @entity158 is defined as not responding to "standard" treatments. Interventional analgesic techniques can be used in an attempt to control @entity158 in @entity1 in whom conventional analgesic strategies fail to provide effective @entity158 relief or are intolerable due to severe adverse effects. This systematic review aims to provide the latest evidence on interventional @entity158 management in @entity5 @entity1 . METHODS: Systematic literature search in Cochrane, EMBASE and PubMed including reviews and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised controlled trials in the absence of reviews. RESULTS: Neuraxial analgesia may play a role in @entity5 pain management. @entity616 decrease the incidence of persistent post-surgical @entity158 after @entity0 . Coeliac @entity616 improve @entity158 scores in refractory pancreatic @entity5 for up to 4  weeks after the intervention with fewer burdensome side effects as compared to opioids. Cordotomy has mainly been studied in @entity2615 , and the case series suggest possible benefit for @entity158 at the expense of a relatively high risk of side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, very few RCTs have been conducted on interventional @entity158 techniques. In reality, it is very difficult to undertake large controlled trials for a number of reasons. Therefore, today's best evidence for practice may be from large case series of comparable @entity1 with careful response and @entity137 evaluation and follow-up.

Interventional options for the management of XXXX pain-what is the evidence?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['refractory cancer', 'cancer', 'cancer pain'] @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'Refractory pain', 'pain', 'refractory pain'] @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['plexus blocks', 'Paravertebral blocks']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['refractory cancer']
