Inability to breathe through the nose is an increasingly recognized cause of @entity387 . To test the hypothesis that this @entity943 could result from loss of neuronal input to respiration from receptors located in the nose, we anesthetized the nasal passages of 10 normal @entity1 during sleep. Each subject spent 4 consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory while sleep stages, @entity1353 patterns, respiratory effort, and arterial @entity26 saturation were monitored. Night 1 was for acclimatization with Nights 3 and 4 being randomized to nasal spraying with either 4% @entity3303 or placebo. On the @entity3303 and placebo nights (Nights 3 and 4) the nasal passages were also sprayed with a decongestant to prevent increased nasal air-flow resistance resulting from @entity4 . To control for the possible effects of this decongestant, an additional night (Night 2) was included during which the nasal passages were sprayed with room air. Parallel studies conducted during wakefulness demonstrated low nasal resistance during the @entity3303 -decongestant regimen. Because of the short duration of anesthesia with @entity3303 , spraying was done at lights out and 2.5 and 5 h later. On the placebo night (decongestant plus saline) there were 6.4 +/- 1.8 (SEM) disordered @entity1353 events ( @entity27 ) per subject, whereas with @entity3303 (plus decongestant) this increased fourfold to 25.8 +/- 7.8 events per subject (p less than 0.05). The majority of the disordered @entity1353 events were @entity386 and were fairly evenly distributed between central and obstructive events. The magnitude of these changes is similar to that previously reported with complete nasal obstruction. These results suggest that nasal receptors sensitive to air flow may be important in maintaining @entity1353 rhythmicity during sleep.

The effects of nasal anesthesia on XXXX during sleep.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men'] @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['disordered breathing during sleep'] @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal swelling'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apneas plus hypopneas'] @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine'] @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory dysrhythmia'] @entity386 :: ('MESH:D001049', 'Disease') :: ['apneas']
@entity1353 :: (MESH:D004417,Disease) :: ['breathing']
