BACKGROUND: @entity2718 -associated @entity294 (CDAD) is increasingly diagnosed in @entity1 in community settings. This study aims to assess recent antibiotic use and other risk factors in @entity1 with community-associated (CA-) CDAD compared with @entity1 with other @entity5163 in a tertiary care setting. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity497 evaluated at Texas @entity1 's Hospital (Houston, TX) from January 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013 were identified. Two control subjects with community-associated @entity294 who tested negative for @entity2718 were matched to case subjects. Data on demographics, medication exposure and outpatient healthcare encounters were collected from medical records. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of pediatric @entity497 . RESULTS: Of 69 @entity497 cases, most (62.3%) had an underlying chronic medical condition and 40.6% had antibiotic exposure within 30 days of illness. However, no traditional risk factor for CDAD was identified in 23.2% and 15.9% of @entity497 cases within 30 and 90 days of illness onset, respectively. Outpatient healthcare encounters within 30 days were more common among @entity497 cases than control subjects (66.7% vs. 48.6%; P = 0.01). In the final multivariate model, @entity497 was associated with @entity8509 use within 30 days [odds ratio: 3.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-10.01] and the presence of a gastrointestinal feeding device (odds ratio: 2.59; 95% confidence interval: 1.07-6.30). CONCLUSIONS: Recent use of @entity2886 and the presence of gastrointestinal feeding devices are important risk factors for community- associated CDAD in @entity1 . Reduction in the use of outpatient antibiotics may decrease the burden of @entity497 in @entity1 .

Risk Factors for Community-associated @entity2718 -associated XXXX in @entity1 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children'] @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea'] @entity2886 :: ('MESH:D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporins'] @entity497 :: ('MESH:D003147', 'Disease') :: ['CA-CDAD'] @entity2718 :: ('1496', 'Species') :: ['C. difficile', 'Clostridium difficile'] @entity8509 :: ('D002511', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin'] @entity5163 :: ('MESH:D004403', 'Disease') :: ['diarrheal illnesses']
@entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['Diarrhea']
