In this work in situ proliferation of A549 @entity1 lung @entity189 cells exposed to nanomaterials (NMs) was investigated in the presence or absence of 10% serum. NMs were selected based on chemical composition, size, charge and shape (Lys- @entity3758 , @entity3759 , @entity1948 , and multi walled @entity505 nanotubes, MWCNTs). Cells were treated with NMs and 4h later, cytochalasin-B was added. 36 h later, cell morphology was analyzed under a light microscope. Nuclearity was scored to determine the cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI). CBPI, based on percentage of mono-, bi- and multi-nucleated cells, reflects cell @entity137 and cell cycle delay. For some conditions depending on @entity9979 type ( @entity3759 and MWCNT) and serum concentration (0%) scoring of CBPI was impossible due to overload of agglomerated NMs. Moreover, where heavy agglomeration occurs, micronuclei (MN) detection and scoring under microscope was prevented. A statistically significant decrease of CBPI was found for @entity1948 @entity9979 suspended in medium in the absence or presence of 10% serum at 25  g/ml and 50  g/ml, respectively and for Lys- @entity3758 @entity9979 at 3.5  g/ml in 0% serum. Increase in MN frequency was observed in cells treated in 10% serum with 50  g/ml @entity1948 . In 0% serum, the concentrations tested led to high @entity137 . No genotoxic effects were induced by Lys- @entity3758 both in the absence or presence of serum up to 5  g/ml. No @entity137 was detected for @entity3759 and MWCNTs in both 10% and 0% serum, up to the dose of 250  g/ml. Restoration of CBPI comparable to untreated control was shown for cells cultured without serum and treated with 5  g/ml of Lys- @entity3758 @entity9979 pre-incubated in 100% serum. This observation confirms the protective effect of serum on Lys- @entity3758 @entity9979 cell @entity137 . In conclusion in situ CBPI is proposed as a simple preliminary assay to assess both NMs induced cell @entity137 and feasibility of MN scoring under microscope.

Influence of serum on in situ proliferation and genotoxicity in A549 XXXX lung cells exposed to nanomaterials.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity9979 :: ('MESH:C563515', 'Disease') :: ['NM'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial carcinoma'] @entity3758 :: ('CHEBI:30563', 'Chemical') :: ['SiO(2)'] @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon'] @entity3759 :: ('CHEBI:32234', 'Chemical') :: ['TiO(2)'] @entity1948 :: ('CHEBI:50836', 'Chemical') :: ['ZnO']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
