BACKGROUND: @entity2258 is the most frequent form of @entity55 . We herein assessed the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in the prevention of @entity55 overall in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 at risk for @entity281 . We hypothesized that PPSV23 vaccination is superior in preventing @entity2258 compared with placebo in @entity309 @entity1 . METHODS: A prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled (1:1) trial was conducted across departments of rheumatology in Japanese National Hospital Organization hospitals. @entity309 @entity1 (n   =   900) who had been treated with biological or immunosuppressive agents were randomly assigned PPSV23 or placebo ( @entity2827 ). The primary endpoints were the incidences of all-cause @entity55 and @entity2258 . The secondary endpoint was death from @entity2258 , all-cause @entity55 , or other causes. Cox regression models were used to estimate the risk of @entity55 overall for the placebo group compared with the vaccine group. RESULTS: Seventeen (3.7%) of 464 @entity1 in the vaccine group and 15 (3.4%) of 436 @entity1 in the placebo group developed @entity55 . There was no difference in the rates of @entity55 between the two study groups. The overall rate of @entity55 was 21.8 per 1000 @entity1 -years for @entity1 with @entity309 . The presence of @entity401 (hazard ratio: 3.601, 95% confidence interval: 1.547-8.380) was associated with an increased risk of @entity55 in @entity309 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: PPSV23 does not prevent against @entity55 overall in @entity309 @entity1 at relative risk for @entity281 . Our results also confirm that the presence of @entity401 is associated with @entity55 in Japanese @entity1 with @entity309 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR UMIN000009566 . Registered 17 December 2012.

The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in XXXX with @entity309 : a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections'] @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease', 'interstitial pneumonia'] @entity2258 :: ('MESH:D011018', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal pneumonia', 'Pneumococcal pneumonia'] @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride'] @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
