OBJECTIVES To correlate renal function with the site of the ectopic orifice in @entity1 with a single @entity1698 and to evaluate the role of ureteric reimplantation in the preservation of renal function. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 (41 female, age 1.5 months to 20 years) with a single @entity1698 have been managed in our institution in the last 21 years. The classical symptom of continuous wetting with intermittent normal micturition was reported in most of the female @entity1 . The investigative evaluation included intravenous urography (i.v.U), cysto-urethroscopy, vaginoscopy with retrograde ureteric catheterization, micturating cysto-urethrography (MCU) and ultrasonography. Diuretic renography was carried out in four @entity1 after it became available in 1992. Renal function was assessed in relation to @entity5450 and with outcome after ureteric re-implantation. RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity1 (two males) had a unilateral @entity1698 ; the ectopic orifice was vaginal in 12, vestibular in 11, urethral in nine, at the @entity1494 in two, the seminal vesicle in one and undetermined in three. Twenty-one @entity1 had @entity8 , with reflux detected on MCU in three ureters. @entity154 included @entity2650 (two, one female), @entity154 (two), @entity2463 (three), cryptorchidism (two), and @entity43 (one). Two @entity1 had preoperative @entity101 . In 15 @entity1 , renal function was considered sufficient to justify ureteric reimplantation, 14 of whom regained continence. One @entity1 had suprapubic leakage from the bladder and died during secondary nephroureterectomy. Another @entity1 had persistent @entity322 ; she was found to have contralateral duplex ureters with a vestibular ectopic orifice and was cured after upper polar heminephroureterectomy. i.v.U and renography carried out in two @entity1 each within 4 weeks of surgery showed a moderate improvement in renal function. Eight @entity1 reported for follow-up after ureteric reimplantation (mean duration 11 months); none had @entity101 or @entity293 . Twenty-three @entity1 with rudimentary kidneys underwent nephroureterectomy. Histopathological examination of the excised kidneys showed moderate to severe @entity1141 with chronic @entity2885 . Six @entity1 (one male) had bilateral single ectopic ureters, with normal renal function in the five females. Unilateral reimplantation in the @entity1 resolved the symptoms; one @entity1 died before surgery and the other four underwent bilateral ureteric reimplantation, after which one was dry for up to 3 h while the other three were incontinent, one of whom subsequently underwent urinary diversion. CONCLUSIONS: There was no clear correlation of renal function with the site of the ectopic ureteric orifice, as most of the @entity1 with a @entity1698 had sufficient renal function to justify renal preservation. Ureteric reimplantation preserved renal function, although the improvement after surgery was determined by the degree of @entity8 .

The single XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'boy'] @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal anomalies', 'Associated anomalies'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysplasia', 'renal and/or ureteric abnormalities'] @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral cystic ovary'] @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['incontinence'] @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias'] @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract anomalies'] @entity2463 :: ('MESH:C537771', 'Disease') :: ['anorectal malformations'] @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis'] @entity1698 :: ('MESH:D014516', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic ureter', 'vaginal ectopic ureter'] @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection'] @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']
@entity1698 :: (MESH:D014516,Disease) :: ['ectopic ureter']
