Incidence rates for @entity5 in Central Europe are among the highest in the world. The authors recruited cases and controls between 2000 and 2002 for the Central and Eastern Europe Multicenter Study to investigate the role of @entity286 and @entity167 as causes of @entity5 in this region. A total of 384 incident squamous cell cases were included, comprising 254 glottic and 108 @entity5 . Hospital controls were chosen from within the same catchment area, from diseases unrelated to @entity286 or @entity167 (n = 918). Significant dose-response trends for frequency and duration of @entity286 use were observed for both @entity5 , with potentially a more important effect for @entity5 . Quitting smoking was protective against @entity5 after 5 years. Any increases in risk for @entity167 drinking were generally moderate and nonsignificant. A greater than multiplicative interaction was observed between @entity286 and @entity167 on the risk of @entity5 (p = 0.04). Approximately 87% of @entity5 cases in Central Europe are attributable to @entity286 use, of which 75% and 12% are due to current and past smoking, respectively. Approximately 39% are attributable to the interaction between @entity167 and @entity286 . Preventive efforts to encourage current smokers to quit are likely to be the most effective way to reduce the incidence of @entity5 in this region.

Contribution of XXXX and @entity167 to the high rates of squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis and glottis in Central Europe.

@entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer', 'laryngeal cancers', 'supraglottic and glottic cancers', 'supraglottic cancer', 'supraglottic cancers'] @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco'] @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']
@entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']
