INTRODUCTION: @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) is an unpredictable @entity792 that often involves the kidney. In this study, we aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, pathological findings, and therapeutic response ofchildren presenting with @entity1988 ( @entity1988 ). METHODS: We retrospectivelystudied 50 @entity1 with @entity1252 admitted to the pediatric nephrology departments of four teaching hospitals in Baghdad between December 2009 and December 2011. RESULTS: The female to male ratio was 5:3. The median age was 11 years with a range of 5 -17 years. The commonest presenting features were @entity353 (92%), @entity221 (90%), @entity4 (88%), @entity625 (70%), hair loss (70%) and @entity1910 (60%). Examination revealed @entity828 / @entity3329 in 20% of patients. Anti-dsDNA was positive in 92% of @entity1 . Pathological examination revealed @entity1988 class I in 4%, class II (10%), class III (8%), class IV (74%) and class V (4%). All @entity1 in class I, II and III achieved full remission after treatment with @entity617 . Thirty-one @entity1 in class IV and V received induction treatment with @entity786 followed by maintenance with @entity786 (16 @entity1 ), mycophenolatemofetil (13 @entity1 ) or @entity500 (2 @entity1 ). Twenty-four of those @entity1 achieved remission, four @entity1 developed @entity740 and three @entity1 died. Five @entity1 in class IV/V were treated with @entity618 and three of them achieved remission, whilst three @entity1 were treated with @entity500 and all of them achieved remission. CONCLUSION: Diffuse proliferative @entity631 (class IV) was the most common pattern of @entity1988 encountered in our study. KEYWORDS: Baghdad; @entity1988 ; @entity1252 .

Clinical presentation and management outcome of childhood-onset XXXX in baghdad.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients'] @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy'] @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss'] @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis'] @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['malar rash'] @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine'] @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['fever'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema'] @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['Systemic Lupus Erythematosus', 'Systemic lupus erythematosus', 'SLE'] @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide'] @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease'] @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['Lupus Nephritis', 'lupus nephritis', 'LN'] @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['hepatosplenomegaly'] @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil'] @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis'] @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune systemic disorder'] @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']
@entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythamatosus']
