BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of @entity3147 -associated @entity1448 (PNAC) has not been clarified. The objective of this study was to explore the incidence of PNAC in premature @entity1 without surgery and to identify associated risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Premature neonates who received @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) at least 14 days were included in a retrospective, dual-center study. @entity1448 was diagnosed as conjugated @entity648 >= 2 mg/dL. @entity1 with @entity409 , @entity299 , @entity7521 , @entity68895 , and those who underwent surgery were excluded. @entity1 were divided into 3 groups chronologically: group A (2000-2004, n = 50), group B (2005-2009, n = 283), and group C (2010-2014, n = 741). A case-controlled study was conducted by comparing @entity1 with PNAC to those without PNAC. RESULTS: Of 1074 premature neonates, PNAC was confirmed in 53 @entity1 (4.93%). There were 6.8% very low birth weight (BW) @entity1 and 20.0% extremely low BW @entity1 who developed PNAC. The incidence of PNAC decreased slightly during 2000-2014 (8.0%, 6.4%, and 4.2% in groups A, B, and C, respectively). Compared with those without PNAC, @entity1 with PNAC (n = 53) had significantly younger gestational age, lower BW, longer @entity3147 duration, and higher rate of @entity295 . Logistic regression showed male sex, @entity3147 duration >= 43 days, and @entity295 were statistically correlated with PNAC. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged duration (>= 43 days), male sex, and @entity295 are probably independent risk factors for developing PNAC in premature neonates.

Retrospective Dual-Center Study of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated XXXX in Premature Neonates.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants'] @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis'] @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin'] @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic liver disease'] @entity68895 :: ('MESH:D018347', 'Disease') :: ['hepadnaviridae infection'] @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis', 'Cholestasis'] @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral nutrition', 'PN'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cyanotic congenital heart disease'] @entity7521 :: ('MESH:D013590', 'Disease') :: ['congenital syphilis']
@entity1448 :: (MESH:D002779,Disease) :: ['Cholestasis']
