BACKGROUND AND AIMS: After ileopouch anal @entity254 (IPAA), 10-40% of @entity1 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ) but only 5% of @entity1 with @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) develop @entity5042 . @entity854 might be of importance in the pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, we characterized cytokine and chemokine transcripts in inflamed and non-inflamed pouches in @entity1 with @entity31 compared to those with @entity1412 and @entity30 ( @entity30 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Mucosal biopsies were taken from 87 @entity1 with IPAA [ @entity31 (n=70), @entity30 (n=8) or @entity1412 (n=9)]. @entity1 with active ileal @entity30 (n=14), active @entity31 (n=17) and non-inflammatory conditions (n=12) served as controls. The expression of 20 gene transcripts was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS AND FINDINGS: Pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are significantly increased in IPAA @entity1 with acute @entity5042 . This increase is independent of the underlying disease ( @entity31 or @entity30 ) and reflects the degree of @entity32 . A good correlation between @entity5042 activity (using the @entity5042 Activity Index) and the @entity7966 , @entity687 , @entity10149 and @entity3334 transcripts was observed. INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the view that @entity5042 reflects an inflammatory process that is different from that of underlying @entity29 , as the cytokine and chemokine patterns in @entity5042 are neither typical of @entity30 nor of @entity31 , but maybe due to bacterial intestinal microflora overgrowth in the pouch lumen. Quantification of transcript levels allows an estimation of the extent of @entity32 and may become helpful in the evaluation of the disease, especially in clinical trials.

Increased cytokine transcripts in @entity5042 reflect the degree of XXXX but not the underlying entity.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'mucosal inflammation'] @entity3334 :: ('4312', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-1'] @entity7966 :: ('6280', 'Gene') :: ['MRP-14'] @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['Pouchitis Disease', 'pouchitis'] @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis'] @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC'] @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases'] @entity687 :: ('3576', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-8'] @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Immunoregulatory abnormalities'] @entity10149 :: ('2920', 'Gene') :: ['macrophage inflammatory protein-2alpha'] @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis', 'FAP'] @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]
@entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']
