BACKGROUND: The application of molecular based diagnostics in @entity295 has had limited success to date. Molecular community profiling methods have indicated that @entity325 are more common than suggested by standard clinical culture. A molecular profiling approach was developed to investigate the propensity for @entity325 in @entity1 predicted to have @entity2348 . RESULTS: Disruption of blood cells with @entity3857 and @entity2421 enabled the recovery of microbial cells with no significant changes in microbial growth when compared to CFU/ml values immediately prior to the addition of @entity3857 . DNA extraction included a cell-wall digestion step with both @entity16977 and mutanolysin, which increased the recovery of terminal restriction fragments by 2.4 fold from diverse organisms. Efficiencies of recovery and limits of detection using Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3 region were determined for both viable cells and DNA using mock bacterial communities inoculated into whole blood. Bacteria from pre-defined communities could be recovered following lysis and removal of host cells with   >   97  % recovery of total DNA present. Applying the molecular profiling methodology to three septic @entity1 in the intensive care unit revealed microbial DNA from blood had consistent alignment with cultured organisms from the @entity281 site providing evidence for a @entity281 in the absence of a clinical lab positive blood culture result in two of the three cases. In addition, the molecular profiling indicated greater diversity was present in the @entity281 sample when compared to clinical diagnostic culture. CONCLUSIONS: A method for analyzing bacterial DNA from whole blood was developed in order to characterize the bacterial DNA profile of @entity281 . Preliminary results indicated that @entity281 were polymicrobial in nature with the bacterial DNA recovered suggesting a more complex etiology when compared to blood culture data.

The development and application of a molecular community profiling strategy to identify polymicrobial bacterial DNA in the whole blood of septic XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis'] @entity16977 :: ('4069', 'Gene') :: ['lysozyme'] @entity3857 :: ('MESH:D012503', 'Chemical') :: ['saponin'] @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sepsis'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bloodstream infection', 'primary infection', 'sepsis infections'] @entity2421 :: ('MESH:D009123', 'Disease') :: ['hypotonic shock'] @entity325 :: ('MESH:D060085', 'Disease') :: ['polymicrobial infections']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
