Diagnosis of @entity4939 in the sleep laboratory is difficult since the nocturnal behavior reported by the @entity1 often does not show up in the laboratory. To test the efficacy of @entity1949 as a tool to provoke @entity4464 we investigated ten @entity1 (three @entity1 and seven @entity1 , mean age 27 +/- 3.4) with @entity4464 . Their standard polysomnographies and videomonitored nocturnal behavior was compared to that of sex- and age-matched controls and to polysomnography and behavior after @entity1949 . @entity1 with @entity4939 and controls did not show significant differences in sleep parameters with the exception of longer arousal duration in controls, which was nonsignificant. In magnetic resonance tomography, @entity1 with @entity4939 did not reveal abnormality of the brain that might explain release of nocturnal behavior. Sleep deprivation led to significantly reduced number of arousals, reduced arousal index, significantly prolonged arousal duration and more stage shifts from all sleep stages (nonsignificant). Complex behavior during sleep increased under @entity1949 , whereas @entity4464 did not increase. The majority of complex behavior during sleep is triggered by stage shifts and not by arousal in the sense of the arousal definition of the American @entity25 Society. Complex behavior in sleep is stereotypical and nonviolent. Its complexity seems to depend on the duration and intensity of arousals. Sleep deprivation can be recommended as an efficacious method of increasing complex behavior in sleep, which is a preliminary stage of @entity4464 . Concerning the underlying pathology it seems to be important to register the quality and duration of stimuli that trigger arousals instead of focusing the number of arousals alone.

[Sleep deprivation in XXXX . Effect of arousal, deep sleep and sleep stage changes].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men'] @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep deprivation'] @entity4939 :: ('MESH:D020447', 'Disease') :: ['parasomnias'] @entity4464 :: ('MESH:D013009', 'Disease') :: ['somnambulism', 'sleepwalking'] @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['Sleep Disorder']
@entity4464 :: (MESH:D013009,Disease) :: ['somnambulism']
