BACKGROUND: Adjunctive automated whole blood or red blood cell exchange (RBCEx) can rapidly decrease malarial hyperparasitemia. Several case reports and series suggest improvement in clinical symptomatology; however, recent Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations concluded that RBCEx has no efficacy as an adjunctive therapy. We present a case of mental status changes secondary to @entity6197 treated with automated RBCEx resulting in rapid and dramatic neurologic improvement. CASE REPORT: An 84-year-old Somali @entity1 presented with a 3-day history of @entity1032 , spiking fevers, chills, bilateral leg @entity158 and @entity425 , and intermittent @entity294 . Her travel history included a recent trip to Kenya for 1 month without antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. During the hospital stay, her health declined, and she became obtunded. Physical examination revealed @entity221 , @entity7405 , @entity101 , @entity519 , and no response to verbal or physical stimuli. Her hemoglobin decreased from 12.6 to 6.5 g/dL with 12% intraerythrocytic @entity5895 by thin smear. Intraerythrocytic trophozoites and @entity18439 -shaped gametocytes were present consistent with @entity3964 . An emergent 1.5-volume RBC mass automated RBCEx and @entity5126 infusion decreased her @entity5895 to 2%. The @entity1 's mental status improved throughout the procedure, and after the 2  -hour procedure, the @entity1 was alert, oriented, and speaking coherently. The @entity1 continued to receive @entity5126 and @entity506 1 day later from CDC. CONCLUSION: Automated RBCEx transfusion reduced the parasite burden and restored neurologic functioning in a @entity1 with @entity6197 while awaiting definitive treatment with @entity506 .

A report of XXXX treated with automated red blood cell exchange.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient'] @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['altered mental status'] @entity18439 :: ('4641', 'Species') :: ['banana'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity506 :: ('MESH:C039726', 'Chemical') :: ['artesunate'] @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea'] @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness'] @entity7405 :: ('MESH:D059246', 'Disease') :: ['tachypnea'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia'] @entity5126 :: ('MESH:D011802', 'Chemical') :: ['quinidine'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain'] @entity6197 :: ('MESH:D016779', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral malaria'] @entity5895 :: ('MESH:D018512', 'Disease') :: ['parasitemia'] @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium falciparum'] @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['fever']
@entity6197 :: (MESH:D016779,Disease) :: ['cerebral malaria']
