UNASSIGNED: @entity3409 and lead are highly toxic heavy metals which cause a severe worldwide pollution. In addition to the toxic effect produced by the direct exposure, they can be bioconcentrated and accumulated in living organisms, including @entity1 . Herein, a miniaturized and disposable electrochemical sensor was improved for the simultaneous detection of @entity3409 and lead ions to study the bioremediation of polluted seawater in presence of the filter-feeding marine organism @entity57451 . A screen-printed electrode modified in situ with a @entity1535 film was selected using the anodic stripping analysis as detection technique. This sensor was coupled with a portable potentiostat and the detection of @entity3409 and lead ions was carried out by Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry, allowing the simultaneous detection of both heavy metals at ppb level (LOD=0.3ppb for lead, 1.5ppb for @entity3409 ). This analytical tool was then applied to assess the bioremediation capacity of @entity57451 through a bioremediation experiment, in which the organism has been exposed to seawater artificially polluted with 1000ppb of @entity3280 and @entity10781 . The matrix effect of both seawater and acid digested biological samples was evaluated. A bioconcentration phenomenon was observed for both heavy metals through the analysis of @entity57451 tissues. In details, @entity10781 resulted to be about 2.5 times more bioconcentrated than @entity3280 , giving an effective bioremediation level in seawater of 13% and 40% for @entity3280 and @entity10781 , respectively. Thus, our results demonstrate the capability of @entity57451 to bioremediate @entity3280 and @entity10781 polluted seawater as well as the suitability of the electrochemical sensor for contaminated marine environment monitoring and bioremediation evaluation.

A miniaturized XXXX -based sensor to evaluate the marine organism @entity57451 bioremediation capacity toward heavy metal polluted seawater.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans'] @entity3280 :: ('CHEBI:48775', 'Chemical') :: ['Cd(2+)'] @entity57451 :: ('7726', 'Species') :: ['S. plicata', 'Styela plicata'] @entity3409 :: ('MESH:D002104', 'Chemical') :: ['Cadmium', 'cadmium'] @entity1535 :: ('MESH:D001729', 'Chemical') :: ['bismuth'] @entity10781 :: ('CHEBI:49807', 'Chemical') :: ['Pb(2+)']
@entity1535 :: (MESH:D001729,Chemical) :: ['bismuth']
