OBJECTIVES: To examine screening patterns and the risk of cervical @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) treated or not with @entity5 necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi). METHODS: We performed a nationwide register-based cohort study in Sweden of @entity1 with @entity309 who started a first TNFi (n=9629), biologics-naive @entity1 with @entity309 (n=34   984) and general population comparators (matched 1:10, n=300   331), followed up from 1999 to 2012. Outcomes were first cytology screening with normal outcome, first ever @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ) grade 1, first ever @entity3146 2-3 or @entity420 in situ and first ever @entity3 during follow-up. HRs were assessed through Cox regressions adjusted for age, educational level, prior cervical screens, comorbidities, marital status and prior hospitalisations. RESULTS: Biologic-naive @entity1 with @entity309 had more screenings (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.10), were at greater risk of @entity3146 1 (HR 1.53, 1.23 to 1.89) and @entity3146 2-3 (HR 1.39, 1.16 to 1.66), but not of @entity3 (HR 1.09, 0.71 to 1.65) compared with the general population. @entity1 who initiated TNFi therapy had similar screening patterns (HR 1.01, 0.98 to 1.05), were not at increased risk of @entity3146 1 (HR 1.23, 0.87 to 1.74), but were at increased risk of @entity2622 (HR 2.10, 1.04 to 4.23) compared with biologics-naive @entity1 with @entity309 . Estimates varied little with successive adjustments, but were attenuated/absent in sensitivity analyses restricted to 2006-2012 and a disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs-treated comparator. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity309 in general are at elevated risk of @entity3799 . Compared with biologics-naive @entity1 , @entity1 treated with TNFi are at increased risk of @entity5 . Whether this increase is causally linked with TNFi could not be fully disentangled.

Do XXXX or TNF inhibitors increase the risk of cervical @entity5 or of recurrence of previous @entity5 ? A nationwide study from Sweden.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Women'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer', 'neoplasia', 'tumour'] @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['CIN 2-3 (HR 1.36, 1.01 to 1.82) and invasive cervical cancer'] @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical dysplasia'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cervical cancer'] @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma'] @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA'] @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']
@entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['RA']
