STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intrathecal @entity1286 for postoperative @entity1337 after posterolateral lumbar fusion. OBJECTIVES: To compare the early postoperative @entity1337 in @entity1 who receive a single dose of intrathecal @entity1286 intraoperatively with that of @entity1 using a @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 pump only. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Although intrathecal @entity1286 is used as an analgesic in a variety of medical and surgical conditions, very little has been published on its use after posterior lumbar spine surgery. Because the thecal sac is readily available during these procedures, the addition of a single injection of @entity1286 before wound closure can be done with technical ease. If its efficacy and safety can be verified, then it could serve as a useful adjuvant to the postoperative @entity1337 regimen. METHODS: Sixty-eight consecutive @entity1 undergoing posterolateral lumbar fusion were randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group was injected intrathecally with @entity1286 30 minutes before wound closure, and the control group was similarly injected with a placebo of normal saline solution. All @entity1 were connected to an on-demand @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 pump to provide any additional necessary @entity1337 . Their use of the @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 pump was tabulated by counting the number of demands and the actual amount of @entity1286 delivered. Additionally, a visual analog scale was used to assess @entity158 levels at pre-established regular intervals. RESULTS: The visual analog scale measurements were significantly lower for the intrathecal @entity1286 group initially, but they surpassed those of the control group after 24 hours. Likewise, the number of @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 pump demands and the amount of @entity4784 delivered initially were significantly lower in the experimental @entity1 , but again reversed after the first postoperative day. The late rebound in @entity158 and @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 pump use did not reach statistical significance. There were no significant complications related to the @entity1337 . CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal @entity1286 can be safe and efficacious as an early postoperative analgesic after lumbar fusion when respiratory monitoring is used.

The use of intrathecal @entity1286 for XXXX after posterolateral lumbar fusion: a prospective, double-blind, randomized study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['narcotic'] @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain'] @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']
@entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']
