1. In @entity786 -induced @entity2335 in the @entity35 , cholinergic function of the bladder and muscarinic receptor expression are altered. In the present study, we investigated whether the toad urothelial cell line TBM-54 expresses functional muscarinic receptors and whether changes in muscarinic receptors can be induced in vitro by treating cells with @entity8697 , a metabolite of @entity786 causing @entity2335 . 2. The occurrence of muscarinic receptors on cells was assessed by microphysiometry, a method analysing receptor function by measuring changes in the extracellular acidity rate (ECAR) in response to receptor stimulation. 3. Challenging untreated cells with the muscarinic receptor agonist @entity5402 gave rise to a concentration-dependent increase in changes in ECAR, with a maximal response at 1 mmol/L @entity5402 of 51 +/- 6%. Pre-incubating cells with different muscarinic receptor antagonists (i.e. @entity4140 (M(1) receptor selective), @entity10258 (M(2)/M(4) receptor selective) and @entity37784 ( @entity4139 ; M(3)/M(1)/M(5) receptor selective)), gave rise to a concentration-dependent decrease in the effects of @entity5402 (0.5 mmol/L) on changes in ECAR. 4. Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of all muscarinic receptor subtypes (M(1)-M(5)) by the cell line. Following @entity8697 treatment, cells were markedly less sensitive to @entity5402 and the expression of muscarinic M(2) receptors was decreased, whereas the expression of muscarinic M(3) receptors was increased. 5. In conclusion, the urothelial cell line TBM-54 expresses functional muscarinic receptors and exposure to @entity8697 leads to a modulation in the expression of muscarinic receptors. Consequently, @entity8697 may have direct effects on muscarinic receptor function and expression that contribute to the pathogenesis of @entity786 -induced @entity2335 .

Changes in muscarinic receptors in the toad urothelial cell line TBM-54 following XXXX treatment.

@entity10258 :: ('MESH:C054938', 'Chemical') :: ['methoctramine'] @entity37784 :: ('MESH:C519669', 'Chemical') :: ['4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methobromide'] @entity4139 :: ('MESH:C042375', 'Chemical') :: ['4-DAMP'] @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide'] @entity4140 :: ('MESH:D010890', 'Chemical') :: ['pirenzepine'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat'] @entity8697 :: ('MESH:D000171', 'Chemical') :: ['acrolein'] @entity2335 :: ('MESH:D003556', 'Disease') :: ['cystitis'] @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']
@entity8697 :: (MESH:D000171,Chemical) :: ['acrolein']
