BACKGROUND: @entity1082 ) is the key risk factor for @entity5 . Continuing high rates of HPV and other @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) in young @entity1 demonstrate the need for effective behavioural interventions. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of behavioural interventions for young @entity1 to encourage safer sexual behaviours to prevent transmission of @entity2953 (including HPV) and @entity5 . SEARCH STRATEGY: Systematic literature searches were performed on the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL Issue 4, 2009) Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Review Group (CGCRG) Specialised Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Social Science Citation Index and Trials Register of Promoting Health Interventions (TRoPHI) up to the end of 2009. All references were screened for inclusion against selection criteria. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural interventions for young @entity1 up to the age of 25 years that included, amongst other things, information provision about the transmission and prevention of @entity2953 . Trials had to measure behavioural outcomes (e.g. condom use) and/or biological outcomes (e.g. incidence of @entity2953 , @entity5 ). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: A narrative synthesis was conducted. Meta-analysis was not considered appropriate due to heterogeneity between the interventions and trial populations. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 5271 references were screened and of these 23 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Most were conducted in the USA and in health-care clinics (e.g. family planning).The majority of interventions provided information about @entity2953 and taught safer sex skills (e.g. communication), occasionally supplemented with provision of resources (e.g. free @entity458 ). They were heterogeneous in duration, contact time, provider, behavioural aims and outcomes. A variety of @entity2953 were addressed including @entity645 and @entity1047 . None of the trials explicitly mentioned HPV or @entity5 prevention.Statistically significant effects for behavioural outcomes (e.g. increasing condom use) were common, though not universal and varied according to the type of outcome. There were no statistically significant effects of abstaining from or reducing sexual activity. There were few statistically significant effects on biological (STI) outcomes. Considerable uncertainty exists in the risk of bias due to incomplete or ambiguous reporting. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Behavioural interventions for young @entity1 which aim to promote sexual behaviours protective of STI transmission can be effective, primarily at encouraging condom use. Future evaluations should include a greater focus on HPV and its link to @entity5 , with long-term follow-up to assess impact on behaviour change, rates of @entity5 . Studies should use an RCT design where possible with integral process evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis where appropriate. Given the predominance of USA studies in this systematic review evaluations conducted in other countries would be particularly useful.

Interventions for encouraging sexual behaviours intended to prevent XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'people'] @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infections', 'STIs'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection and progression to cervical cancer', 'cervical cancer'] @entity645 :: ('57667', 'Species') :: ['HIV'] @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual health services'] @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV'] @entity1047 :: ('MESH:D002690', 'Disease') :: ['chlamydia']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']
