@entity32933 continues to be a major concern for those experiencing @entity131 . @entity32933 accounts for 10-20% of @entity302 cases in the general population. While @entity410 prophylaxis can prevent early onset @entity410 , no available treatments effectively prevent late-onset @entity410 . Little is known about the progression of @entity130 over time and how this @entity130 contributes to late onset @entity410 development. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the epidemiology and risk factors for @entity32933 and the current pharmacologic agents used for treatment. We highlight limitations with the current approach and offer suggestions for remedying the knowledge gap. Critical to this pursuit is the design of pre-clinical models to investigate important mechanistic factors responsible for @entity32933 development. We discuss what the current models have provided in terms of understanding acute injury and what is needed to advance understanding regarding late onset @entity410 . New model designs will be used to investigate novel pathways linking acute @entity8638 . Important components of this transition are likely mediated by toll-like receptors, neuroinflammation, and @entity13859 . In the final section, we highlight current experimental therapies that may prove promising in preventing and treating @entity32933 . By increasing understanding about @entity32933 and injury expansion over time, it will be possible to design better treatments with specific molecular targets to prevent late-onset @entity410 occurrence following @entity131 .

@entity131 and XXXX : Underlying mechanisms leading to @entity410 .

@entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures'] @entity13859 :: ('MESH:D024801', 'Disease') :: ['tauopathy'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy'] @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['injury to chronic changes within the brain'] @entity32933 :: ('MESH:D004834', 'Disease') :: ['Post-traumatic epilepsy', 'post-traumatic epilepsy'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury progression', 'neural injury']
@entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']
