OBJECTIVES: To examine the frequency and determinants of underperception of naps in older adults referred for a sleep assessment. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Outpatient geriatric sleep clinic. @entity1 : Individuals aged 60 and older referred for @entity22 complaints or suspected sleep @entity386 (N = 135). MEASUREMENTS: Tests included clinical interview, @entity25 scale, @entity148 and @entity308 scale, @entity22 Severity Index (ISI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and overnight polysomnography, followed by multiple sleep latency tests. At the end of each of four nap opportunities, @entity1 answered whether they had slept during the test. Nap underperception was defined as two or more unperceived naps. RESULTS: Of the 105 @entity1 who napped at least twice, 42 (40%) did not perceive at least two naps. These @entity1 had lower MMSE scores (P = .01) and were more likely to be taking @entity1245 (P = .008) than the 63 @entity1 who did not underperceive their naps but had similar demographic characteristics, sleep diagnoses, @entity308 and @entity148 scores, and polysomnography measures. Both groups had similarly short mean daytime sleep latencies (9.7    4.5 minutes and 9.8    3.7 minutes), but @entity1 who underperceived their naps scored lower on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (5.6    4.0, vs 9.6    4.8, P < .001). An ISI of 11 or greater, a MMSE score of 26 or less, and a @entity25 score of 8 or less were each independently associated with underperception of naps. The combination of these three factors yielded a positive predictive value of 93% and a negative predictive value of 71% for nap underperception. CONCLUSION: Older adults referred for @entity25 with @entity73 and greater @entity22 symptoms frequently underperceive naps, leading them to underestimate their level of @entity25 . In such cases, objective measures of @entity25 would be better than the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.

Underperception of Naps in Older Adults Referred for a Sleep Assessment: An XXXX Trait and a Cognitive Problem?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'PARTICIPANTS'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment'] @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['Insomnia', 'insomnia'] @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines'] @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety'] @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleepiness', 'sleep consultation', 'daytime sleepiness'] @entity386 :: ('MESH:D001049', 'Disease') :: ['apnea']
@entity22 :: (MESH:D007319,Disease) :: ['Insomnia']
