OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and type of vascular changes and @entity16 in @entity1 with @entity8249 . DESIGN: Prospective study of @entity1 with no spontaneous symptoms at the time of their visit and with provoked symptoms. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity1 : Sixty-seven @entity1 presenting with @entity8249 at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, from 1999 through 2001. INTERVENTIONS: Testing nerve and vascular function in @entity1 without symptoms present; testing vascular function after provoking symptoms with exercise or by increasing ambient temperature. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In @entity1 in whom symptoms could be elicited, vascular function with and without symptoms was assessed by measurement of local skin temperature, laser Doppler flow, and transcutaneous oximetry. Neurologic assessment included electromyography, nerve conduction studies, and autonomic reflex screening (using the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test, adrenergic function testing, heart rate response to deep breathing, and the Valsalva ratio). RESULTS: Autonomic reflex screening was performed on 57 (85%) of the 67 @entity1 . Of these 57 @entity1 , 46 (81%) had abnormal quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test results; 14 (25%) had abnormal adrenergic function; and 15 (26%) had abnormal cardiovagal function. Put in another way, results were abnormal for 49 (86%) of the 57 @entity1 who had autonomic reflex screening. Severe @entity854 (ie, absent or markedly reduced sweat production) were present in 46 (94%) of these 49 @entity1 ; 14 (29%) had abnormal adrenergic function, and 15 (31%) had a @entity854 . Electromyography and nerve conduction studies were performed in 24 (36%) of the 67 @entity1 . Of these 24 @entity1 , 14 (58%) had abnormal electromyographic results and 10 (42%) had abnormal nerve conduction study results. Vascular function studies, with and without symptoms present, were performed in 13 of the 67 @entity1 . During symptoms, the mean temperature of the toe skin increased by 7.8 degrees C, and blood flow increased 10.2-fold. Paradoxically, mean transcutaneous oximetry measurements did not change. CONCLUSION: This prospective study extends and confirms our previous observation that, in addition to other forms of @entity16 , most @entity1 with @entity8249 have @entity8249 .

@entity8249 : vasculopathy, XXXX , or both? A prospective study of vascular and neurophysiologic studies in @entity8249 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS'] @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['sudomotor abnormalities', 'cardiovagal abnormality'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy', 'neurologic abnormalities'] @entity8249 :: ('MESH:D004916', 'Disease') :: ['small-fiber neuropathy', 'erythromelalgia']
@entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['neuropathy']
