Light-at-night exposure enhances the risk of @entity5 . @entity694 is among the most @entity5 affecting humankind. Physical exercise has shown positive effects against @entity694 . Here, we investigated whether pineal gland modulates antipreneoplastic effects of physical exercise in the colon. Surgical and non-surgical @entity979 were performed to clarify the relationship between the pineal gland activity and manifestation of @entity1049 . Next, a progressive swimming training was applied in @entity35 exposed or not to either @entity979 or carcinogen treatment for 10 weeks. Both surgical and non-surgical @entity979 increased the development of @entity694 . It was further found that impairing the pineal gland function, higher rates of DNA damage were induced in colonic epithelial and enteric glial cells. Physical exercise acted positively against preneoplasia, whereas impairing the pineal function with constant light exposure disrupts its positive effects on the development of @entity1613 in the colon. This was yet related to increased DNA damage in glial cells and enteric neuronal activation aside from serum @entity2493 levels. Our findings suggest that protective effects of physical exercise against @entity694 are dependent on the pineal gland activity.

Pineal gland function is required for colon antipreneoplastic effects of physical exercise in XXXX .

@entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal impairments', 'non-surgical pineal impairment'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'dangerous tumors'] @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin'] @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['preneoplastic lesions'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon preneoplasia', 'Colon cancer', 'colon cancer'] @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colonic preneoplastic lesions']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']
