Evidence for therapy of neurally mediated @entity1163 is generally weak. Many drugs have been used for the treatment of @entity907 (beta-blockers, @entity7306 , @entity5591 , @entity1338 , @entity2544 , @entity7842 , @entity6358 , @entity3859 , @entity14758 , @entity21172 , @entity1338 , @entity750 reuptake inhibitors, @entity4688 ). In general, although the results have been satisfactory in uncontrolled trials or short-term controlled trials, the majority of long-term placebo-controlled prospective trials have not been able to show a benefit of the active drug over placebo. Only two well-designed double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trials have been performed-one for @entity14758 and the other for @entity2165 -and both were unable to show a superiority of the active drug versus placebo. Four randomized clinical trials of pacing therapy-three positive and one negative-have been performed in @entity1 affected by @entity907 . The relationship between @entity56 and spontaneous, otherwise unexplained, @entity1163 has been demonstrated. Cardiac pacing appears to be @entity50 ; its efficacy has been demonstrated by two randomized controlled trials and confirmed by several pre-post comparative studies, one controlled trial, and one prospective observational study. There is evidence and general agreement that cardiac pacing is useful in @entity1 with cardioinhibitory or mixed @entity50 . Usefulness of the treatment is less well established and divergence of opinion exists with regard to cardiac pacing in @entity1 with @entity907 . The evidence fails to support the efficacy of beta-blocking drugs. As yet there are insufficient data to support the use of any other pharmacologic therapy for @entity907 .

Randomized clinical trials of neurally mediated XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline'] @entity4688 :: ('MESH:D004656', 'Chemical') :: ['enalapril'] @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['ephedrine'] @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['beneficial in carotid sinus syndrome', 'carotid sinus syndrome'] @entity907 :: ('MESH:D019462', 'Disease') :: ['cardioinhibitory vasovagal syncope', 'vasovagal syncope'] @entity14758 :: ('MESH:D005039', 'Chemical') :: ['etilefrine'] @entity21172 :: ('MESH:D008879', 'Chemical') :: ['midodrine'] @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['syncope'] @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['carotid sinus hypersensitivity'] @entity7306 :: ('MESH:D004206', 'Chemical') :: ['disopyramide'] @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin'] @entity3859 :: ('MESH:D004087', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroergotamine'] @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine'] @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['scopolamine'] @entity2165 :: ('MESH:D001262', 'Chemical') :: ['atenolol'] @entity7842 :: ('MESH:D005438', 'Chemical') :: ['fludrocortisone']
@entity1163 :: (MESH:D013575,Disease) :: ['syncope']
