Molecular markers are needed for better distinguishing of non-invasive papillary (pTa) and minimally invasive ( @entity2558 ) @entity150 and for identifying @entity5 with a high risk of recurrence or disease progression. First aim of our study was to evaluate @entity876 microsatellite and mutation analysis as an effective concept for the characterization of superficial @entity150 with different biological @entity146 . Mutation screening in the @entity876 hot spot region was performed in 55 microdissected superficial @entity150 samples by direct genomic sequencing. PCR based LOH analysis was done with two markers at 17p13. Second, there is considerable interest in the development of non-invasive techniques that would detect recurrent @entity1494 . In order to evaluate @entity876 alterations as a potential marker for a non-invasive diagnosis of recurrences or residuals and to determine whether @entity5 -specific DNA exhibiting LOH or sequences harbouring a mutation, can be detected in body fluids, mutation screening was performed in urine, plasma and serum of @entity1 with a mutated @entity5 . LOH analysis with two markers at 17p was done in the corresponding urine and blood samples of 31 @entity5 . As seen from our results, @entity876 inactivation by mutation seems to characterize higher malignant superficial @entity150 which tend to recur and in which the probability is higher that the rezidives progress to muscle invasive growth pattern. Only in 2/8 cases, the @entity876 mutation from the @entity5 could be re-detected in @entity1 urine and blood. 17p microsatellite changes with at least one marker were found in 30/31 body fluids of the @entity5 @entity1 (97%). Correlating the 17p status found in body fluids to the status of the @entity5 , the concordance is only about 52%. We conclude that @entity876 genotyping as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in outpatient samples is of limited value for clinical practice.

@entity876 alterations as a potential diagnostic marker in superficial XXXX and in patients serum, plasma and urine samples.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity2558 :: ('58492', 'Gene') :: ['pT1'] @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neoplasia'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'individual tumors', 'primary tumor'] @entity876 :: ('7157', 'Gene') :: ['TP53'] @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumor', 'bladder tumors', 'bladder carcinomas']
@entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['bladder carcinoma']
