OBJECTIVE: In a recent study, performance on a certain kind of prospective memory task (PM), labeled focal PM, was sensitive to the very early stages of @entity195 ( @entity195 ; Duchek, Balota, _ Cortese, 2006). This study sought to replicate and extend these findings by investigating both focal and nonfocal PM, as well as possible influences of alleles of the @entity2204 ( @entity2204 ) gene. METHOD: Thirty-five healthy older adults and 33 adults in the very earliest stages of @entity195 , as determined by the clinical @entity303 rating scale, completed both focal and nonfocal PM tasks. Performance on these tasks has been linked to qualitatively different cognitive processes (Scullin, McDaniel, Shelton, _ Lee, 2010), thereby providing leverage to illuminate the specific processes that underlie PM failures in @entity195 . Approximately half of the adults in each group were @entity2204 e4 carriers and half were noncarriers. We also obtained @entity1 ' scores on a battery of standard psychometric tests. RESULTS: There was a significant interaction between the type of PM task and @entity303 status, p < .05,   p   = .12, demonstrating that the @entity195 -related decline was more robust for focal than for nonfocal PM. Further, focal PM performance significantly discriminated between the very earliest stages of @entity195 and normal aging, explaining variance unique to that explained by typical psychometric indices. @entity2204 status, however, was not associated with PM performance. CONCLUSION: The pronounced deficit observed in the focal PM task suggests that spontaneous retrieval processes may be compromised in @entity195 .

Focal and nonfocal prospective memory performance in very mild XXXX : a signature decline.

@entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants'] @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['ApoE', 'apolipoprotein E'] @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', 'very early AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]
@entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']
