OBJECTIVE: To examine cognitive function in individuals with @entity131 ( @entity131 ) prior to and after participation in an aerobic exercise training program. DESIGN: Pre-post intervention study. SETTING: Medical research center. @entity1 : Volunteer sample of individuals (N=7) (age, 33.3  7.9y) with chronic nonpenetrating @entity131 (injury severity: 3=mild, 4=moderate; time since most current injury: 4.0  5.5y) who were ambulatory. INTERVENTION: Twelve weeks of supervised vigorous aerobic exercise training performed 3 times a week for 30 minutes on a treadmill. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cognitive function was assessed using the Trail Making Test Part A (TMT-A), Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Sleep quality and @entity308 were measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Beck Depression Inventory, version 2 (BDI-II). Indices of @entity410 were used to examine the relation between improvements in cognitive function and @entity410 . RESULTS: After training, improvements in cognitive function were observed with greater scores on the TMT-A (10.3  6.8; P=.007), TMT-B (9.6  7.0; P=.011), and RBANS total scale (13.3  9.3; P=.009). No changes were observed in measures of the PSQI and BDI-II. The magnitude of cognitive improvements was also strongly related to the gains in @entity410 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that vigorous aerobic exercise training may improve specific aspects of cognitive function in individuals with @entity131 and @entity410 may be a determinant of these improvements.

Improved cognitive performance following aerobic exercise training in @entity1 with XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS'] @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory fitness gains', 'cardiorespiratory fitness']
@entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']
