The management of clinically locally advanced @entity263 ( @entity16178 ) remains a controversial issue. The clinical stage @entity16178 consists of a mixture of overstaged T2 @entity189 but also contains lymph node-positive cases. Treatment options consist of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiotherapy, hormonal deprivation (early or delayed) and the so-called watchful waiting. In many cases multimodal therapy is used. Radical prostatectomy in the clinical stage T3 can achieve acceptable @entity5 -specific survival rates if @entity1 are well selected. In this way, @entity5 -specific survival rates can be reached for pT3 @entity1 which closely approach those of pT2 cases. In lymph node-positive cases after radical prostatectomy adjuvant hormonal treatment can prolong survival, but not in lymph node-negative cases. A benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy has not been proven. Although it can postpone or prevent biochemical recurrence, it does not prolong overall survival. Treatment of stage @entity16178 by external beam radiotherapy alone results in unfavourable @entity5 -specific survival rates. In these cases definite improvement can be achieved by adjuvant @entity342 deprivation with LHRH analogues. If in case of severe comorbidity or advanced age primary hormonal treatment is chosen, early vs deferred treatment seems to prolong survival marginally.

[Treatment of locally advanced XXXX ].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate carcinoma'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour'] @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas'] @entity16178 :: ('285782', 'Gene') :: ['cT3'] @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']
@entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']
