@entity302 affects homeostasis and @entity4148 . It has been thought that the dysfunction in the autonomic neural mechanisms could be a cause of sudden unexpected @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity302 . The kindling model of @entity302 is considered to be an animal model for complex partial @entity410 with secondary generalization. The objectives of this study were to investigate the extracellular @entity1246 ( @entity1246 ), @entity2227 , @entity1063 and @entity935 levels in the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in non- @entity302 and kindled @entity302 @entity35 and to explain some of the cardiovascular changes in the kindling model of @entity302 . Stimulation electrodes were stereotaxically implanted into the basolateral amygdala and electrical stimulation was applied 3 times a day at a constant current. The @entity35 were then kindled to full stage 5 @entity410 . Microdialysis experiments were performed to demonstrate the neurotransmitter levels in the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus 3-5 days after being kindled. Decreases in @entity1063 and @entity935 levels in the dorsomedial nucleus were detected in the conscious kindled animals. This finding is in agreement with prior findings that the noradrenergic system has a negative role in the process of kindling. The basal level of @entity367 and @entity1246 remained unchanged in the kindled group when compared to non- @entity302 animals, and similarly, neither blood pressure nor heart rate responses to @entity1027 or @entity1024 were affected by the acute kindled state. These findings suggest that the autonomic changes in kindling require further studies.

Extracellular concentrations of catecholamines and amino acids in the dorsomedial hypothalamus of kindled XXXX . A microdialysis study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate'] @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate'] @entity1246 :: ('MESH:D005680', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyric acid', 'GABA'] @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine'] @entity1027 :: ('MESH:D001640', 'Chemical') :: ['bicuculline'] @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic nervous system functions'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy', 'Epilepsy'] @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamic acid'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']
