The acute @entity137 of @entity107 ( @entity108 ) to the liver has been well documented in the literature, but whether @entity108 also affects the endocrine parameters has been addressed in only a few studies. We thus investigated the effects of @entity108 on pituitary, serum hormone levels, and certain sex-differentiated liver enzymes in this study. Adult male Wister @entity35 were intraperitoneally injected with @entity108 at a single dose of 200 mg/kg and were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, and 35 days after injection; @entity108 -treated females were included as controls at days 7 and 35. Electron microscopic observation showed that during the first week after injection, all types of granular cells of the anterior pituitary in male animals exhibited cellular damage, including disrupted organelles and cellular structure, as well as pyknotic or lytic nuclei. Many undamaged secretory cells exhibited dilated endoplasmic reticula, @entity1184 Golgi complexes, and peripheral location of secretory granules, which usually are morphologic features of increased cellular activities. In male rats, the serum level of total @entity251 decreased and the @entity2819 increased 1 day after @entity108 treatment. The serum level of @entity11249 ( @entity11249 ) decreased and the prolactin level increased on day 3. The hepatic expression of the male-specific @entity11042 ( @entity11042 ) decreased to 1-5% of the normal levels during the first week and was still 50% lower than the normal level on day 35, whereas the female-specific @entity13233 expression increased only slightly. Activities of the male predominant 16alpha, 16beta, and 6beta hydroxylation of @entity2671 by microsome decreased in an in vitro assay, whereas the non-sex-differentiated 7alpha hydroxylation and the female-predominant 5alpha reduction of @entity2671 were unaffected. In female rats, decreased serum @entity11249 level was observed on day 7. The @entity13233 expression in females was decreased to about 1% and 80% of the normal levels on day 7 and day 35, respectively, but the @entity11042 expression was unchanged. These data suggest that in male @entity35 , @entity108 treatment may cause @entity16 , disturb serum hormone levels, and induce long-lasting reduction of sexual dimorphism in certain liver functions.

@entity107 causes XXXX , disturbs hormone levels, and reduces sexual dimorphism of certain liver functions in the @entity35 .

@entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity108 :: ('CHEBI:34873', 'Chemical') :: ['DEN'] @entity13233 :: ('25011(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CYP2C12'] @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic'] @entity107 :: ('MESH:D004052', 'Chemical') :: ['diethylnitrosamine'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary damage'] @entity11042 :: ('29277(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome P450 2C11', 'CYP2C11'] @entity11249 :: ('81668(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['growth hormone', 'GH'] @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']
@entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['pituitary damage']
