BACKGROUND: Observationally, reports on the association between milk intake and risk of @entity299 ( @entity299 ) and @entity583 ( @entity583 ) have produced conflicting results; and no previous large-scale study using the @entity290 persistent/non-persistent LCT @entity24327 genotype as a largely unconfounded proxy for milk intake free of reverse causation has been conducted. We tested the hypothesis that milk intake observationally and genetically through the LCT-13910 C/T genotype is associated with risk of @entity299 and @entity583 in a Mendelian randomization design. METHODS: We included 98 529 White individuals of Danish descent, aged 20-100 years, from three studies of the general population. Information on @entity299 (N = 10 372) and @entity583 (N = 4188) were obtained from national Danish registries. First, we investigated observational associations between milk intake and incident @entity299 and @entity583 . Second, we confirmed the association between the @entity41843 genetic variant LCT @entity24327 , associated with @entity290 persistence/non-persistence, and milk intake. Finally, we tested whether LCT-13910 C/T genotype was associated with risk of @entity299 and @entity583 as well as with cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up time of 5.4 years, the observational hazard ratio for a 1 glass/week higher milk intake was 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00,1.01] for both @entity299 and @entity583 . Median milk intake was 3 glasses/week (interquartile range: 0-7) in @entity290 CC non-persistent individuals compared with 5 glasses/week (0-10) in @entity290 TC/TT persistent individuals (P = 3*10(-60)). In the dominant genetic model comparing @entity290 TC/TT persistent individuals with @entity290 CC non-persistent individuals, the odds ratio was 1.00 (0.92,1.09) for @entity299 and 0.96 (0.84,1.09) for @entity583 . Finally, in the dominant genetic model genotype was not associated convincingly with plasma levels of total @entity165 , low-density lipoprotein @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein @entity165 , @entity1674 or @entity413 , nor with blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Milk intake was not associated with risk of @entity299 or @entity583 , observationally or genetically.

Milk intake is not associated with XXXX in observational or Mendelian randomization analyses in 98 529 Danish adults.

@entity290 :: ('3938', 'Gene') :: ['lactase'] @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides'] @entity41843 :: ('rs4988235', 'SNP') :: ['rs4988235'] @entity24327 :: ('c|SUB|C|-13910|T', 'DNAMutation') :: ['-13910 C/T'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic heart disease', 'IHD'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']
@entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['ischaemic heart disease']
