UNASSIGNED: The scope of this review is to revise recent advances of the cell-based therapies of @entity409 with an emphasis on cell donor's and @entity1 's age. Regenerative medicine with cell-based technologies as its integral part is focused on the structural and functional restoration of tissues impaired by sickness or @entity1240 . Unlike drug-based medicine directed primarily at alleviation of symptoms, regenerative medicine offers a more holistic approach to disease and senescence management aimed to achieve restoration of homeostasis. Hepatocyte transplantation and organ engineering are very probable forthcoming options of @entity409 treatment in @entity1 of different ages and vigorous research and technological innovations in this area are in progress. Accordingly, availability of sufficient amounts of functional @entity1 hepatocytes is crucial. Direct isolation of autologous hepatocytes from liver biopsy is problematic due to related discomfort and difficulties with further expansion of cells, particularly those derived from @entity1240 @entity1 . Allogeneic primary @entity1 hepatocytes meeting quality standards are also in short supply. Alternatively, autologous hepatocytes can be produced by reprogramming of differentiated cells through the stage of induced pluripotent stem cells. In addition, fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells can be directly induced to undergo advanced stage hepatogenic differentiation. Reprogramming of cells derived from elderly @entity1 is accompanied by the reversal of age-associated changes at the cellular level manifesting itself by telomere elongation and the U-turn of DNA methylation. Cell reprogramming can provide high quality rejuvenated hepatocytes for cell therapy and liver tissue engineering. Further technological advancements and establishment of national and global registries of induced pluripotent stem cell lines homozygous for HLA haplotypes can allow industry-style production of livers for immunosuppression-free transplantation.

Cell-based therapies of XXXX : age-related challenges.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient', 'people'] @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases', 'liver disease'] @entity1240 :: ('MESH:D019588', 'Disease') :: ['aging']
@entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver diseases']
