Gangliosides are @entity3167 -conjugated glycosphingolipids that are believed to regulate cell differentiation as well as the signals of several signal molecules, including @entity470 ( @entity470 ). These compounds are localised in a glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomain on the cell surface and regulated by the glycosphingolipid composition. However, the role of @entity7746 in porcine embryos is not yet clearly understood. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between @entity4163 (GD1a) and @entity470 activation was investigated during meiotic maturation and further development in porcine oocytes. Porcine oocytes were cultured in the NCSU-23 medium supplemented with or without EGF and GD1a for 44h. Assessment of meiotic maturation was performed by using aceto-orcein staining method. Also, protein levels in matured oocytes were evaluated by Western blot analysis. After fertilization, presumptive zygotes were cultured in the PZM-3 medium for 6 days. All experiments were repeated more than 3 times. Data were analysed by using Student's t-test and Duncan's multiple range test. The proportion of GV arrested oocytes at 22h was significantly different between the EGF+GD1a-treated and untreated group (41.6  1.5 v. 25.0  0.0%; P<0.05). After completion of meiotic maturation (44h), the proportion of MII was significantly different between the EGF+GD1a-treated and untreated group (89.9  3.6 v. 57.4  5.3%; P<0.05). Also, expression of @entity470 protein in matured porcine oocytes was increased in the presence of EGF and GD1a. After IVF, the percentage of penetrated oocytes was significantly higher in the EGF+GD1a-treated group (89.1  2.3%), resulting in higher than normal pronucleus formation (2PN of 43.1  5.2%). Finally, in result, differences in preimplantation developmental potential were detected between the oocytes that were matured with or without EGF and GD1a (50.4  6.1 v. 27.2  2.7%; P<0.05). These results suggest that GD1a improves the developmental competence of embryos via enhanced meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes by @entity470 activation.

300 XXXX improves meiotic maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes.

@entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor receptor', 'EGFR'] @entity7746 :: ('MESH:D005732', 'Chemical') :: ['gangliosides'] @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acid'] @entity4163 :: ('CHEBI:28892', 'Chemical') :: ['ganglioside']
@entity4163 :: (CHEBI:28892,Chemical) :: ['ganglioside']
