OBJECTIVES: The most common reason for discontinuation of long-acting progestogen-only contraceptives is irregular @entity548 following local endometrial vascular changes. To reduce unpredictable @entity548 episodes among depot @entity11796 ( @entity12135 ) users, the combined injectable contraceptive, Cyclofem, was offered as an alternative. However, there is a gap in our knowledge about the effects of Cyclofem on the endometrial vasculature and patterns of @entity548 . This study aimed to compare the effects of Cyclofem and @entity12135 on endometrial vascular density, endometrial histology and pattern of @entity548 . METHODS: Sixty-eight healthy @entity1 with regular menstrual @entity548 and seeking injectable long-acting contraceptives were recruited. Two endometrial samples (before and 3 to 6 months after initial exposure to @entity12135 or Cyclofem) were collected from each @entity1 . The samples were stained using an immunohistochemical method and anti- @entity2280 to visualise the endometrial vasculature. Endometrial vascular density was assessed using standard techniques. RESULTS: Sixty-eight @entity1 were randomly assigned to Cyclofem (38 @entity1 ) or @entity12135 (30 @entity1 ). Endometrial vascular density was 149.3 +/- 6.7 (mean +/- SD)/mm(2) before injection. This significantly decreased to 132.4 +/- 12.2 after @entity12135 use, and from 151.9 +/- 5.8 to 131.8 +/- 12.8 vessels/mm(2) following Cyclofem use (paired t-test, p <0.05). However, there was no significant difference between endometrial vascular density during treatment with Cyclofem or @entity12135 . Total @entity548 days in the first and second 3-month time intervals were 28 +/- 23 and 18 +/- 12 days in @entity12135 users and 22 +/- 14 and 16 +/- 9 days in Cyclofem users, respectively, @entity1867 was the most common type of @entity548 experienced, and @entity3202 endometrium was the most common histological pattern observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that both Cyclofem and @entity12135 use are associated with decreased endometrial vascular density and @entity3202 endometrium, in addition to irregular @entity548 , mainly spotting. There was no significant difference in @entity548 patterns or endometrial findings observed for these two injectable contraceptives in Iranian @entity1 .

A comparative study of Cyclofem and depot XXXX ( @entity12135 ) effects on endometrial vasculature.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'participant'] @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding'] @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic'] @entity2280 :: ('947', 'Gene') :: ['CD34'] @entity12135 :: ('MESH:C050795', 'Chemical') :: ['DMPA'] @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['Spotting']
@entity11796 :: (MESH:D017258,Chemical) :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']
