BACKGROUND: Conversion from @entity205 to @entity500 after renal transplantation has been shown to be beneficial in terms of allograft function, @entity65 factor profile, and the incidence of @entity210 . A higher incidence of acute rejection, however, has also been reported and uncertainty still exists about the long-term outcome after conversion. We report on the extended follow-up of an open-label, randomized trial that examined conversion to @entity500 as early as three months after transplantation. METHODS: One hundred twenty-eight @entity1 were enrolled in this single-center study. Three months after transplantation they were randomly assigned to continue @entity205 treatment (N = 68), or they were converted to @entity500 (N = 60). The @entity134 dose was temporarily increased in the @entity1 who were converted. RESULTS: @entity1 survival was not different in the two groups. Graft survival tended to be lower (64.7% vs. 76.5% at 15 years) in the @entity205 continuation group (P = 0.14) when data were analyzed on an intention to treat basis. The graft survival of the @entity1 that stayed on their assigned treatment was significantly higher in the @entity500 arm, starting at two years' post-transplantation. The glomerular filtration rate was significantly higher in the @entity1 who were converted to @entity500 . More allograft biopsies were taken from @entity1 remaining on @entity205 for suspicion of @entity205 -related nephrotoxicity and prompted a high rate of late conversions (19%). The relative risk of @entity740 was significantly higher in the group that continued @entity205 [relative risk, 4.3 (95% CI, 1.4 to 12.9); P = 0.009]. Conversion to @entity500 reduced the need of blood pressure and lipid-lowering drugs. CONCLUSION: Conversion to a @entity9909 -free immunosuppressive regiment three months after renal transplantation improved allograft function, reduced the need of @entity65 factor-controlling medication, and reduced the incidence of @entity740 .

Conversion from @entity205 to XXXX at three months reduces the incidence of @entity740 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient'] @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine'] @entity9909 :: ('23523', 'Gene') :: ['calcineurin inhibitor'] @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic allograft nephropathy'] @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine'] @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid'] @entity210 :: ('MESH:D006073', 'Disease') :: ['gout'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']
@entity500 :: (MESH:D001379,Chemical) :: ['azathioprine']
