BACKGROUND: @entity7246 , transmitted mainly by tsetse flies of the genus Glossina is a major constraint to livestock health and productivity in the sub-Saharan Africa. Knowledge of the prevalence and intensity of @entity7246 is important in understanding the epidemiology of the disease. The objectives of this study were to (a) assess the prevalence and intensity of trypanosome @entity281 in @entity291 , and (b) to investigate the reasons for the heterogeneity of the disease in the tsetse infested districts of Amuru and Nwoya, northern Uganda. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September, 2011 to January, 2012. Blood samples were collected from 816 @entity291 following jugular vein puncture, and screened for trypanosomes by HCT and ITS-PCR. A Pearson chi-squared test and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between location, age, sex, and prevalence of trypanosome @entity281 . RESULTS: Out of the 816 blood samples examined, 178 (22 %) and 338 (41 %) tested positive for @entity7246 by HCT and ITS-PCR, respectively. @entity3177 vivax infection accounted for 77 % of @entity281 detected by ITS-PCR, T. congolense (16 %), @entity3177 s.l (4 %) and mixed (T. vivax/ T. congolense/ @entity3177 ) @entity281 (3 %). The risk of trypanosome infection was significantly associated with @entity291 age (   (2)     =   220.4, df   =   3, P   <   0.001). The highest proportions of infected animals were adult males (26.7 %) and the least infected were the less than one year old @entity291 (2.0 %). In addition, the risk of trypanosome infection was significantly associated with sex (   (2)    =   16.64, df   =   1, P   <   0.001), and males had a significantly higher prevalence of @entity281 (26.8 %) than females (14.6 %). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the prevalence and intensity of trypanosome @entity281 are highly heterogeneous being associated with @entity291 age, location and sex.

Heterogeneity in the prevalence and intensity of @entity291 XXXX in the districts of Amuru and Nwoya, Northern Uganda.

@entity7246 :: ('MESH:D014352', 'Disease') :: ['trypanosomiasis', 'Livestock trypanosomiasis'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cattle', 'calves'] @entity3177 :: ('5691', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma', 'T. brucei', 'T.brucei']
@entity7246 :: (MESH:D014352,Disease) :: ['trypanosomiasis']
