OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence regarding the effect of time of gluten introduction and breastfeeding on the risk of developing @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ). STUDY DESIGN: We included randomized controlled trials and observational studies evaluating the proper timing for introducing gluten to the @entity1 diet, the appropriate quantity of gluten consumption at weaning, and the effect of breastfeeding on @entity1593 risk. Studies were located through the electronic databases Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE). Two independent authors collected the data. RESULTS: A total of 1982 studies were identified, 15 of which were eligible for data extraction. A meta-analysis was performed on 2 randomized controlled trials, 10 cohort studies, and 1 case-control study. There was a 25% increase in @entity1593 risk with late (>6  months) vs recommended (4-6  months) gluten introduction (risk ratio [RR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.08-1.45). There was no significant effect of breastfeeding vs no breastfeeding on @entity1593 risk (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.28-1.10), with substantial heterogeneity (I(2)  =  92%) among studies. CONCLUSION: There is currently no evidence to support that early introduction of gluten to the @entity1 diet increases the risk of @entity1593 ; however, late introduction of gluten may be associated with increased risk of @entity1593 . More studies are needed that control for potential confounders and that evaluate environmental factors in low-risk families.

Gluten Introduction to XXXX Feeding and Risk of Celiac Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infant'] @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'celiac disease']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infant']
