The pathology and clinical features of 258 cases of mitral ring @entity730 were reviewed. The overall incidence in @entity1 over 50 years of age was 8.5%; it was more than twice as high in @entity1 (11.5%) as in @entity1 (4.5%) and rose sharply with age. @entity712 and systolic murmurs were each noted in over half the @entity1 . @entity101 was slightly commoner than in age- and sex-matched groups without ring @entity730 , although the difference was not statistically significant. Small nodules of @entity730 were more frequent in @entity1 and heavy deposits in @entity1 . Distortion and atrial displacement of the posterior mitral cusp was present in 26% of the hearts with early ring @entity730 , in 56% of the hearts with moderate, and in almost all hearts with marked changes. Systolic murmurs had been heard in 73% of these cases. ;Caseation' of the calcified ring was seen in seven hearts and @entity548 in three. @entity460 had ulcerated through the cusp in 12 cases, with @entity715 and/or @entity3555 in five. @entity7874 was present in 36% of @entity1 and was quantitatively related to the severity of mitral ring @entity730 . In @entity1 the incidence was 30% and there was no corresponding quantitative relationship. Microscopy showed nonspecific chronic inflammatory changes adjacent to @entity460 in about half the cases in both sexes, with foreign body type giant cells in 6%. Similar inflammatory changes in the valve cusp were almost twice as common in @entity1 as in @entity1 . There was no evidence that previous @entity884 was responsible for mitral ring @entity730 , neither did parity influence its incidence. Severe @entity453 was unrelated but severe @entity731 was commoner in @entity1 with calcified mitral rings. The difference, in @entity1 , was statistically significant. The higher incidence of severe degrees of ring @entity730 , complications, and @entity32 in @entity1 suggests a sex-determined difference in tissue response in the mitral area. Possible provoking factors apply to both sexes and both @entity712 , and such a difference would account for the relative frequency and sex incidence of mitral ring @entity730 .

Pathological and clinical study of XXXX of the mitral valve ring.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['valvular inflammation'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['left side valves', 'Cardiac failure'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic valvulitis'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['aortic atherosclerosis'] @entity7874 :: ('MESH:C562942', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic valve calcification'] @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification'] @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary atherosclerosis'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium'] @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic'] @entity3555 :: ('MESH:D004697', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial endocarditis'] @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']
@entity730 :: (MESH:D002114,Disease) :: ['calcification']
