It has been proposed that cytokines mediate the acceleration of @entity604 following menopause. Because of the intimate relationship between bone marrow stromal cells and bone tissue, it is possible that marrow cells and their products contribute to the bone microenvironment and influence the regulation of bone cell differentiation and activity. We examined the production of cytokines by bone marrow stromal cells from a total of 37 @entity1 and 15 @entity1 undergoing total hip replacement for @entity2720 . Low-density mononuclear cells were isolated from bone marrow and were cultured in @entity3971 red-free alpha MEM medium supplemented with 10% @entity4434 and antibiotics. Constitutive secretion of @entity650 ( @entity650 ) was positively correlated with age in a series of 8 @entity1 and 5 @entity1 measured by bioassay (r = 0.98; P < 0.01) and in a series of 18 @entity1 and 10 @entity1 measured by immunoassay (r = 0.56; P < 0.01). The pattern of cytokine production by bone marrow stromal cells was examined in detail in 23 postmenopausal @entity1 , aged 49-88 yr. Basal secretion of immunoreactive @entity650 and @entity4382 , but not @entity2841 , increased with time in culture. Exogenous @entity1356 stimulated secretion of @entity650 and @entity4382 in a saturable, dose-dependent manner. Secretion of soluble @entity650 receptor was not correlated with secretion of @entity650 , either constitutively or in the presence of @entity1356 . In 4 of 14 samples, @entity1356 also stimulated secretion of @entity2841 . @entity1356 was undetectable in 7 of 9 cultures during the 2-week culture period. @entity650 did not stimulate secretion of @entity1356 in the 7 cultures tested. Cells were dependent upon serum for viability and growth and were not sustained by a serum substitute (1% insulin- @entity69 - @entity4259 -BSA). Cells grown in medium with 10% @entity4434 and supplemented with 1% insulin- @entity69 - @entity4259 -BSA secreted 10-fold more @entity650 than cells grown in serum alone. Marrow from 7 @entity1 receiving @entity172 replacement therapy showed lower constitutive secretion of @entity650 (75%; P < 0.006) and @entity4382 (43%; P < 0.05) than marrow from age-matched controls and had blunted stimulation of @entity650 and @entity4382 secretion by exogenous @entity1356 . These data indicate distinct patterns of cytokine production by @entity1 marrow stromal cultures dependent upon age and @entity172 status.

In vitro secretion of cytokines by @entity1 bone marrow: effects of age and XXXX status.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'men'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6', 'interleukin-6'] @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity4382 :: ('3589', 'Gene') :: ['IL-11'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1 beta'] @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium'] @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss'] @entity69 :: ('7018', 'Gene') :: ['transferrin'] @entity3971 :: ('MESH:D019800', 'Chemical') :: ['phenol'] @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['noninflammatory joint disease'] @entity4434 :: ('MESH:D005198', 'Disease') :: ['FBS'] @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor']
@entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']
