OBJECTIVES: To investigate the feasibility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in predicting therapeutic response to low-dose chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) against @entity150 ( @entity150 ). Accurate assessment of response to induction therapy is an essential part of bladder-sparing therapeutic protocols against @entity150 . However, conventional imaging studies are not useful in evaluating therapeutic response because of their inability to distinguish @entity5 from changes secondary to the treatment. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with clinical T2-4aN0M0 bladder @entity189 (T2/T3/T4a: n = 10/8/2) who underwent induction LCRT comprising external beam radiotherapy to the bladder (40 Gy) concomitant with 2 cycles of @entity900 administration (20 mg/d for 5 days) followed by partial (n = 13) or radical cystectomy (n = 7) were prospectively enrolled. The @entity1 underwent magnetic resonance imaging examinations with T2-weighted imaging (T2W), dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (DCE), and DWI after LCRT. A finding of each protocol was compared with a pathologic finding of cystectomy specimen. RESULTS: Pathologic examination of cystectomy specimens revealed pathologic complete response in 13 (65%) of the 20 @entity1 . The sensitivity/specificity/accuracy of T2W, DCE, and DWI in predicting pathologic response was 43/45/44%, 57/18/33%, and 57/92/80%, respectively. Despite comparable sensitivity, DWI was significantly superior in specificity and accuracy to T2W (P = .03 and .02, respectively) and DCE (P = .002 for both). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to show the feasibility of DWI over T2W and DCE for assessing therapeutic response to induction chemoradiotherapy against @entity150 . The high specificity of DWI indicates that DWI is useful to accurately predict pathologic complete response, allowing more optimal @entity1 selection in bladder-sparing protocols.

Initial experience of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to assess therapeutic response to induction chemoradiotherapy against XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['residual cancer'] @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin'] @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma'] @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['MIBC', 'muscle-invasive bladder cancer']
@entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['muscle-invasive bladder cancer']
