BACKGROUND: @entity8854 ( @entity367 ) is a major @entity3689 in milk and postweaning diets for mammals (including @entity1707 and @entity1 @entity1 ). However, effects of @entity367 on intestinal mucosal barrier and antioxidative functions are unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study tested the hypothesis that @entity367 may enhance the barrier function of intestinal porcine epithelial cell line 1 (IPEC-1) cells by upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins. METHODS: IPEC-1 cells were cultured with or without @entity367 in the presence or absence of 1 mmol/L @entity8229 (an oxidant) for indicated time points. Cell numbers, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), mRNA, and protein abundance for @entity3264 transporter, the release of @entity880 dehydrogenase (LDH), and the abundance for tight junction proteins were determined. RESULTS: Compared with 0 mmol/L @entity367 , 0.5-, 1-, and 2 mmol/L @entity367 stimulated (P < 0.05) cell growth by 13-37% at 24 h and 12-34% at 48 h, respectively. In addition, 0.5 mmol/L @entity367 increased (P < 0.05) TEER (by 58% at 24 h and by 98% at 48 h, respectively). These effects of @entity367 were associated with increased mRNA abundance for @entity367 transporter solute carrier family 1 member 1 ( @entity17383 ) by 30-130% and protein abundance for excitatory @entity3689 transporter 3 (encoded by @entity17383 ) by 19-34%, respectively. In a cell model of oxidative stress induced by 1 mmol/L @entity8229 , 0.5 mmol/L @entity367 enhanced cell viability, TEER, and membrane integrity (as indicated by the reduced release of LDH) in IPEC-1 cells by increasing the abundance of the tight junction proteins @entity11177 , @entity14187 , zonula occludens (ZO)-2, and ZO-3. CONCLUSION: These novel findings indicate that @entity367 plays an important role in mucosal barrier function by enhancing cell growth and maintaining membrane integrity in response to oxidative stress.

XXXX Enhances Barrier and Antioxidative Functions in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells.

@entity8854 :: ('CHEBI:29985', 'Chemical') :: ['l-Glutamate'] @entity1707 :: ('9823', 'Species') :: ['pigs'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants'] @entity17383 :: ('6505', 'Gene') :: ['SLC1A1'] @entity3264 :: ('D018698', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate'] @entity11177 :: ('100506658', 'Gene') :: ['occludin'] @entity8229 :: ('MESH:D004178', 'Chemical') :: ['diquat'] @entity14187 :: ('1365', 'Gene') :: ['claudin-3'] @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate'] @entity367 :: ('CHEBI:18237', 'Chemical') :: ['Glu'] @entity3689 :: ('D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']
@entity8854 :: (CHEBI:29985,Chemical) :: ['l-Glutamate']
