STUDY HYPOTHESIS: What is the impact of @entity901 on gonadal function? STUDY FINDING: Our results in both the clinical and pre-clinical settings indicate that @entity901 exerts moderate transient gonadal toxicity. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Recent studies have indicated a significant increase in survivorship of colorectal cancer @entity1 of reproductive age, who may then face fertility concerns. The impact of @entity901 on gonadal function is yet to be discovered. STUDY DESIGN, SAMPLES/MATERIALS, METHODS: Eleven female (<43 years) and eight male (<45 years) @entity1 recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer, who were candidates for @entity901 -based protocol, were enrolled into the study. FSH, @entity53 , anti-M  llerian hormone (AMH) and menstrual pattern were measured in female @entity1 , whereas FSH, inhibin-B, @entity251 , and @entity479 -hormone binding globulin were measured in male @entity1 . Hormones were measured at baseline and 6 months post-treatment (last chemotherapy administration) in @entity1 and @entity1 . In the animal model, pubertal @entity19 were injected with @entity901 and sacrificed 1 week, 1 month and 3 months later. Ovarian reserve was estimated by serum AMH measurements. Testicular function was evaluated by serum inhibin-B and sperm evaluation. Gonadal apoptosis (TUNEL), proliferation (Ki-67), repair ( @entity1364 ), ovarian reserve (AMH) and testicular reserve (DAZL) were measured by immunohistochemistry. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: In all @entity1 , AMH decreased post-treatment, but remained above the detection limit in 9/11 @entity1 (P < 0.05). FSH was elevated, but did not exceed the premenopausal range in 9/11 @entity1 . All @entity1 remain menstruating or resumed menstruation post-treatment. In female @entity19 @entity901 induced transient apoptosis at 1-month post-treatment. In @entity1 Inhibin-B was slightly reduced post-treatment. In male @entity19 @entity901 did not affect spermatozoa concentration, but was associated with transient, moderate reductions of spermatocytes-spermatogonia numbers and spermatozoa motility. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Future prospective large-scale studies are warranted in order to affirm these outcomes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Due to high survival rates of colorectal cancer @entity1 of reproductive age that were diagnosed at early stages of the disease, the issue of treatment-induced gonadotoxicity gains significance. Since at the individual level there might be a risk of infertility, a detailed discussion and referral to fertility preservation prior to initiation of treatment is recommended. Nevertheless, @entity901 -based protocols appear to be less gonadotoxic than other chemotherapeutic protocols. LARGE SCALE DATA: None STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTERESTS: This study was supported by the Israeli Science Foundation (ISF) grant 13-1816 (I.B.-A.). There is no conflict of interest.

The impact of XXXX on the gonads: from bedside to the bench.

@entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients'] @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone'] @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol'] @entity479 :: ('D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']
@entity901 :: (MESH:C030110,Chemical) :: ['oxaliplatin']
