The @entity649 ( @entity649 ) frequently results in a fibroproliferative response that precludes effective alveolar repair. @entity310 ( @entity7790 ), a potent epithelial and mesenchymal cell mitogen, may modulate the response to @entity651 . In this study, we determined whether bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations of @entity7790 are increased during the first 2 wk after the onset of @entity649 and, if so, whether increased @entity7790 levels in lavage fluid are associated with increased levels of procollagen peptide III (PCP III), a biological marker of fibroproliferation, and with increased fatality rates. We enrolled 74 consecutive @entity1 with @entity649 prospectively identified on admission to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital, and 11 @entity1 with chronic @entity401 . Thirteen healthy volunteers served as control subjects. @entity7790 concentrations were measured in BALF recovered on Days 3, 7, and 14 after the onset of @entity649 (total of 130 lavage samples). @entity7790 was detected in the lavage fluid of 90% of @entity1 with @entity649 (67 of 74), and in 100% of @entity1 with @entity2416 ( @entity2416 ) (10 of 10), but in none of 13 normal volunteers. At each day tested, the median lavage @entity7790 level of @entity1 with @entity649 was significantly higher than that of normals. The overall fatality rate was 45% (33 of 74 @entity1 ). In a univariate analysis, the median @entity7790 levels in nonsurvivors were 1.5-fold higher at Day 7 (p = 0.06) and 1.8-fold higher at Day 14 (p = 0.048). The fatality rate was 4 times higher (CI 1.6, 17.5) for @entity1 with both increased lavage @entity7790 and PCP III concentrations at Day 7 than for @entity1 with low @entity7790 and PCP III values, indicating a synergistic relationship between @entity7790 and PCP III. We conclude that increased levels of @entity7790 in BALF are common in @entity1 with @entity649 and that lavage @entity7790 is associated with a marker of the fibroproliferative response in sustained @entity649 .

Elevated @entity310 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of @entity1 with XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor-alpha'] @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome'] @entity7790 :: ('7039', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-alpha'] @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury'] @entity2416 :: ('MESH:D054990', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis'] @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']
@entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['acute respiratory distress syndrome']
