The particulate matter represents one of the most complex environmental mixtures, whose effects on @entity1 health and environment vary according to particles characteristics and source of emissions. The present study describes an integrated approach, including in vitro tests and toxicogenomics, to highlight the effects of air particulate matter on toxicological relevant endpoints. Air samples (PM2.5) were collected in summer and winter at different sites, representative of different levels of air pollution. Samples organic extracts were tested in the BALB/c 3T3 CTA at a dose range 1-12m(3). The effect of the exposure to the samples at a dose of 8m(3) on the whole-genome transcriptomic profile was also assessed. All the collected samples induced dose-related toxic effects in the exposed cells. The modulated gene pathways confirmed that @entity137 was related to sampling season and sampling site. The analysis of the KEGG's pathways showed modulation of several gene networks related to oxidative stress and @entity32 . Even if the samples did not induce cell transformation in the treated cells, gene pathways related to the onset of @entity5 were modulated as a consequence of the exposure. This integrated approach could provide valuable information for predicting toxic risks in @entity1 exposed to air pollution.

Identification of pathway-based XXXX in the BALB/c 3T3 cell model.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']
@entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']
