INTRODUCTION: Fasting and postprandial plasma @entity413 (FPG, @entity2017 ) control are both necessary to achieve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) regulation goals. Liraglutide, based on its @entity5445 ( @entity5445 )-mediated pharmacology and pharmacokinetics may reduce HbA(1c) through both FPG and @entity2017 levels. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of once-daily liraglutide (0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 mg) at steady state on FPG, @entity2017 , postprandial insulin, and gastric emptying. METHODS: Eighteen subjects with type 2 @entity6 , aged 18-70 years, with a body mass index of 18.5-40 kg/m(2) and HbA(1c) of 7.0%-9.5% were included in this single-centre, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-period, cross over trial. @entity1 were randomized into two groups (A or B). Group A received oncedaily liraglutide for 3 weeks, followed by a 3-4-week washout period and 3 weeks of oncedaily placebo. Group B was treated as for Group A, but treatment periods were reversed (ie, placebo followed by liraglutide). A meal test was performed at steady-state liraglutide/placebo doses of 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 mg/day. Plasma @entity413 , insulin, and @entity1443 ( @entity1443 ) concentrations (to assess gastric emptying) were measured pre- and postmeal. RESULTS: @entity2017 levels significantly decreased (P<0.001) after all three liraglutide doses when compared with placebo. This decrease was also apparent when corrected for baseline (incremental excursions), with the exception of average incremental increase calculated as area under the concentration curve (AUC) over the fasting value from time zero to 5 hours (iAUC (0-5 h)/5 hours) after liraglutide 0.6 mg, where there was a trend to decrease (P=0.082). In addition, FPG levels significantly decreased at all three liraglutide dose levels when compared to placebo (P<0.001). Fasting and postprandial insulin levels significantly increased with liraglutide versus placebo at all doses studied (P<0.001). A significant delay in gastric emptying during the first hour postmeal was observed at the two highest liraglutide doses versus placebo. CONCLUSION: In addition to lowering FPG levels, liraglutide improves @entity2017 levels (absolute and incremental) possibly by both stimulating postprandial insulin secretion and delaying gastric emptying.

The once-daily @entity1 @entity5445 ( @entity5445 ) analog liraglutide improves postprandial @entity413 levels in type 2 XXXX @entity1 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity2017 :: ('5552', 'Gene') :: ['PPG'] @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol', 'acetaminophen'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose'] @entity5445 :: ('2641', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide 1', 'GLP-1']
@entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']
