UNASSIGNED: In recent years, an increase of uropathogenic @entity526 (UPEC) strains with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that complicate therapy for @entity293 ( @entity293 ) has been observed and has directly impacted costs and extended hospital stays. The aim of this study was to determine MDR- and XDR-UPEC clinical strains, their virulence genes, their phylogenetic groups and to ascertain their relationship with integrons and genetic diversity. From a collection of 500 UPEC strains, 103 were selected with MDR and XDR characteristics. MDR-UPEC strains were mainly associated with phylogenetic groups D (54.87%) and B2 (39.02%) with a high percentage (>= 70%) of several fimbrial genes (ecpA, fimH, csgA, and papGII), an @entity68 uptake gene (chuA), and a toxin gene ( @entity24498 ). In addition, a moderate frequency (40-70%) of other genes (iutD, tosA, and bcsA) was observed. XDR-UPEC strains were predominantly associated with phylogenetic groups B2 (47.61%) and D (42.85%), which grouped with >= 80 virulence genes, including ecpA, fimH, csgA, papGII, iutD, and chuA. A moderate frequency (40-70%) of the tosA and @entity24498 genes was observed. The class 1 and 2 integrons that were identified in the MDR- and XDR-UPEC strains were associated with phylogenetic groups D, B2, and A, while the XDR-UPEC strains that were associated with phylogenetic groups B2, D, and A showed an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype. The modifying enzymes ( @entity51126 , aadB, aacC, ant1, @entity42545 , @entity58268 , and @entity69096 ) that were identified in the variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons from the MDR strains showed resistance to @entity801 (56.25 and 66.66%, respectively) and @entity206 - @entity207 (84.61 and 66.66%, respectively). The MDR- and XDR-UPEC strains were distributed into seven clusters and were closely related to phylogenic groups B2 and D. The diversity analysis by PFGE showed 42.68% of clones of MDR-UPEC and no clonal association in the XDR-UPEC strains. In conclusion, phylogenetic groups including virulence genes are widely associated with two integron classes (1 and 2) in MDR- and XDR-UPEC strains.

Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Uropathogenic XXXX Clinical Strains: Phylogenetic Groups Widely Associated with Integrons Maintain High Genetic Diversity.

@entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamycin'] @entity24498 :: ('7701379(Tax:562)', 'Gene') :: ['hlyA'] @entity68 :: ('MESH:D007501', 'Chemical') :: ['iron'] @entity58268 :: ('6275938(Tax:526563)', 'Gene') :: ['dfrA17'] @entity51126 :: ('13906545', 'Gene') :: ['aadA1'] @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim'] @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole'] @entity69096 :: ('9846059', 'Gene') :: ['aadA4'] @entity42545 :: ('10549022', 'Gene') :: ['dfrA1'] @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections', 'UTIs'] @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']
@entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']
