OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association of @entity1569 with smoking habits and @entity167 consumption before first diagnosis by a dermatologist. DESIGN: A multicenter case-control study. Interviews were conducted by trained medical investigators using a structured questionnaire. SETTING: Outpatient services of 10 general and 10 teaching hospitals in northern and southern Italy. SUBJECTS: @entity1 with a first diagnosis of @entity1569 made by a dermatologist and a history of skin manifestations of no longer than 2 years after the reported disease onset. @entity1 with new diagnoses of @entity272 other than @entity1569 were selected as control subjects. A total of 404 case @entity1 (median age, 35 years) and 616 controls (median age, 36 years) were included in the analysis. RESULTS: The risk for @entity1569 was higher in ex-smokers and in current smokers than in @entity1 who never smoked. The relation with smoking was stronger and more consistent among @entity1 than @entity1 . In @entity1 , a significant association was restricted to the ex-smoker status. Smoking was strongly associated with @entity75 (29 @entity1 ) with an adjusted odds ratio of 10.5 (95% confidence interval, 3.3-33.5) for those smoking more than 15 cigarettes per day. No significant overall association with @entity167 consumption was documented after controlling for smoking habits. However, the risk seemed to vary according to sex, with a moderate association being documented in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and, in @entity1 , @entity167 consumption are associated with @entity1569 . There is a strong association between smoking and @entity75 .

Association of early-stage XXXX with smoking and male @entity167 consumption: evidence from an Italian case-control study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men'] @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis'] @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['pustular lesions'] @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin diseases']
@entity1569 :: (MESH:D011565,Disease) :: ['psoriasis']
