Several @entity1 with heparin intolerance were dialysed with @entity26497 as anticoagulant without acute clinical problems (good tolerance). After some weeks however problems arose. In all @entity1 an @entity5838 developed: the pre dialysis @entity3157 level rose progressively from 27 mmol/l to 40 mmol/l. This could be tempered by lowering the dialysis fluid bicarbonate concentration from 37 mmol/l to 25 mmol/l. A second problem was a progressive rise in pre dialysis @entity1372 level from a mean of 136 mmol/l to 150 mmol/l. Adapting the dialysis fluid @entity1372 concentration from 140 mmol/l towards 132 mmol/l could solve this. The third problem was a progressive rise in serum @entity5715 level in @entity1 from 3 microg/l to 38 microg/l. After excluding water, concentrate, dialysis fluid, drug intake, etc... as possible sources, we controlled the @entity5715 level in the glass bottle containing @entity26497 . We noted the very high value of 35,300 microg/l. After replacing the glass bottles with @entity2634 bags with a negligible @entity5715 content, the serum @entity5715 levels returned back to normal. It is known that @entity1792 chelates the @entity5715 present in the glass of bottles or vials.

XXXX anticoagulation and adverse events.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity26497 :: ('MESH:C514290', 'Chemical') :: ['tri-sodium citrate'] @entity5838 :: ('MESH:D000471', 'Disease') :: ['alkalosis'] @entity2634 :: ('MESH:D011143', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinylchloride'] @entity1792 :: ('MESH:D019343', 'Chemical') :: ['citrate'] @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium'] @entity3157 :: ('CHEBI:17544', 'Chemical') :: ['bicarbonate'] @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium']
@entity1792 :: (MESH:D019343,Chemical) :: ['Citrate']
