BACKGROUND/AIMS: We aimed to investigate whether endoscopy or @entity1363 as premedication causes @entity26 desaturation and to determine factors which may affect the occurrence of @entity26 desaturation. METHODS: Totally 200 @entity1 with various indications (103 @entity1 and 97 @entity1 ), who presented to the Endoscopy Unit of Dicle University Hospital for upper @entity344 examination, were included in the study. Anamnesis and anthropometric values of the @entity1 were taken. Preoperative @entity26 saturation, hemoglobin levels and heart rate per minute were recorded. @entity1 with initial @entity26 saturation levels <90% were excluded. @entity1 were divided into two groups. The first group included 100 @entity1 who underwent endoscopic examination without sedation and the second group included 100 @entity1 who underwent endoscopic examination with sedation [ @entity1363 (2-5 mg)]. At the end of endoscopy, intravenous @entity5757 (0.2 mg) was administered to the premedication @entity1 . @entity1 were monitored for @entity26 saturation and heart rate starting before the sedation and oropharynx anesthesia and lasting until 1 min after the end of the procedure. During the endoscopic examination, minimum @entity26 saturation and maximum heart rate values were recorded. The duration of the @entity26 saturation <90% was recorded throughout the procedure and the relation of this time with the total time of the endoscopic examination was evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age of the 200 @entity1 included in the study was 45 and 44 years for Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. No differences were found between the two groups in terms of body mass index, smoking, hemoglobin and basal maximum pulse rate, duration of endoscopy, minimum basal @entity26 saturation, duration of @entity519 and time to @entity519 . No relation was determined between @entity26 desaturation and gender, duration of the endoscopy, basal pulse rate or hemoglobin level. It was found that smoking made significant contributions to the @entity26 desaturation. CONCLUSION: @entity1363 premedication for upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy is a reliable procedure and does not contribute an additional risk in individuals without serious comorbidities. Smoking habits should be taken into account in endoscopy @entity1 .

Changes in pulse oximetry levels and factors affecting @entity26 saturation during routine upper XXXX with or without sedation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia'] @entity5757 :: ('MESH:D005442', 'Chemical') :: ['flumazenil'] @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam', 'Midazolam']
@entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy']
