Importance: Previous research has documented significant variation in the prevalence of @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) depending on the type of @entity130 ( @entity130 ) and history of @entity130 exposure, but the relatively small sample sizes in these studies resulted in a number of unresolved basic questions. Objective: To examine disaggregated associations of type of @entity130 history with @entity1005 in a large cross-national community epidemiologic data set. Design, Setting, and @entity1 : The World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys assessed 29 @entity130 types (lifetime exposure, age at first exposure) with DSM-IV @entity1005 that was associated with 1 randomly selected @entity130 exposure (the random @entity130 ) for each respondent. Surveys were administered in 20 countries (n   =   34   676 respondents) from 2001 to 2012. Data were analyzed from October 1, 2015, to September 1, 2016. Main Outcomes and Measures: Prevalence of @entity1005 assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: Among the 34   676 respondents (55.4% [SE, 0.6%] @entity1 and 44.6% [SE, 0.6%] @entity1 ; mean [SE] age, 43.7 [0.2] years), lifetime @entity130 exposure was reported by a weighted 70.3% of respondents (mean [SE] number of exposures, 4.5 [0.04] among respondents with any @entity130 ). Weighted (by @entity130 frequency) prevalence of @entity1005 associated with random TEs was 4.0%. Odds ratios (ORs) of @entity1005 were elevated for TEs involving @entity458 (2.7; 95% CI, 2.0-3.8) and witnessing atrocities (4.2; 95% CI, 1.0-17.8). Prior exposure to some, but not all, same-type TEs was associated with increased vulnerability (eg, physical assault; OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3-7.9) or resilience (eg, participation in sectarian violence; OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9) to @entity1005 after the random @entity130 . The finding of earlier studies that more general history of @entity130 exposure was associated with increased vulnerability to @entity1005 across the full range of random @entity130 types was replicated, but this generalized vulnerability was limited to prior TEs involving violence, including participation in organized violence (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.6), experience of physical violence (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7), @entity4335 (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.7-3.8), and other @entity458 (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.3). Conclusion and Relevance: The World Mental Health survey findings advance understanding of the extent to which @entity1005 risk varies with the type of @entity130 and history of @entity130 exposure. Previous findings about the elevated @entity1005 risk associated with TEs involving assaultive violence was refined by showing agreement only for repeated occurrences. Some types of prior @entity130 exposures are associated with increased resilience rather than increased vulnerability, connecting the literature on @entity130 history with the literature on resilience after adversity. These results are valuable in providing an empirical rationale for more focused investigations of these specifications in future studies.

Association of DSM-IV XXXX With Traumatic Experience Type and History in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'men'] @entity4335 :: ('3708', 'Species') :: ['rape'] @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual violence', 'sexual assault'] @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['TE', 'traumatic experience']
@entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['Posttraumatic Stress Disorder']
