BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: @entity3680 among cement workers is a major occupational health concern. The two most important occupational hazards for cement workers are @entity146 and @entity56 cement contact @entity1909 . The objective of this study was to investigate the severity of occupational cement contact @entity1909 and the common allergens among cement workers in Taiwan. METHODS: A total of 97 cement workers from the Cement Workers' Association of Tainan City and County participated in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the demographic data and work-related activities of these cement workers. A complete skin examination was conducted, and skin manifestations were assessed by a dermatologist. Allergens from European Standard Tray (Chemotechnique Diagnostic AB, Sweden) with a total of 25 substances were used for patch testing. RESULTS: Our results showed that 65 out of 97 cement workers were suffering from occupational cement hand contact @entity1909 . The most affected skin area was the hand. Thickening of the dorsal surface of the hand, especially around the metacarpophalangeal joint area, and @entity5656 of the palm were the major skin manifestations. The results of the patch test showed that 24 out of 97 were @entity56 to @entity24234 , nine were @entity56 to thiuram mix, nine were @entity56 to fragrance mix and seven were @entity56 to @entity5303 . The final diagnosis, based on the results of the skin examination and the patch test, showed that 43 of 97 cement workers had @entity146 cement contact @entity1909 and 22 had @entity56 cement contact @entity1909 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that occupational cement hand @entity1909 among cement workers is an important and severe issue in Taiwan, and the most common allergens among cement workers are @entity24234 , @entity36695 mix, fragrance mix and @entity5303 . The high positive rate of @entity3407 @entity56 among cement workers reflects the urgency to regulate the addition of @entity20150 to cement in Taiwan.

Occupational hand XXXX among cement workers in Taiwan.

@entity24234 :: ('MESH:D011192', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium dichromate'] @entity3680 :: ('MESH:D009783', 'Disease') :: ['Occupational dermatitis'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritant'] @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratosis'] @entity5303 :: ('MESH:C018021', 'Chemical') :: ['cobalt chloride'] @entity36695 :: ('MESH:D013893', 'Chemical') :: ['thiuram'] @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium'] @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic', 'hypersensitivity'] @entity20150 :: ('MESH:C020748', 'Chemical') :: ['ferrous sulfate'] @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']
@entity1909 :: (MESH:D003872,Disease) :: ['dermatitis']
