BACKGROUND: In @entity161 , medication adherence is critical to achieve better @entity1 outcomes and to avoid relapses, which are responsible for a significant proportion of total healthcare costs for this @entity102 . The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of @entity1037 long-acting injection (OLAI) compared with @entity1090 long-acting injection (RLAI) in @entity1 with @entity161 in Spain. METHODS: A discrete event simulation (DES) model was developed from a Spanish healthcare system perspective to estimate clinical and economic outcomes for @entity1 with @entity161 over a five-year period. @entity1 who had earlier responded to oral medication and have a history of relapse due to adherence problems were considered. Identical model populations were treated with either OLAI or RLAI. In the absence of a head-to-head clinical trial, discontinuation and relapse rates were obtained from open-label studies. The model accounted for age, gender, risks of relapse and discontinuation, relapse management, hospitalization, treatment switching and adverse events. Direct medical costs for the year 2011 and outcomes including relapse avoided, life years (LYs), and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were discounted at a rate of 3%. RESULTS: When comparing RLAI and OLAI, the model predicts that OLAI would decrease 5-year costs by    2,940 (Standard Deviation between replications 300.83), and result in a QALY and LY gains of 0.07 (SD 0.019) and 0.04 (SD 0.025), respectively. @entity1 on OLAI had fewer relapses compared to RLAI (1.392 [SD 0.035] vs. 1.815 [SD 0.035]) and fewer discontinuations (1.222 [SD 0.031] vs. 1.710 [SD 0.039]). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the study was robust and conclusions were largely unaffected by changes in a wide range of parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The present evaluation results in OLAI being dominant over RLAI, meaning that OLAI represents a more effective and less costly alternative compared to RLAI in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity161 in the Spanish setting.

Long-acting XXXX versus long-acting @entity1090 for @entity161 in Spain - a cost-effectiveness comparison.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia'] @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine'] @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']
@entity1037 :: (MESH:C076029,Chemical) :: ['olanzapine']
