UNASSIGNED: Molecular mechanisms underlying the responses to environmental factors, such as @entity1568 , @entity505 , and pH, involve components that regulate the production of secondary metabolites, including mycotoxins. In this study, we identified and characterized a gene in the FGSG_02083 locus, designated as FgArt1, which was predicted to encode a @entity43813 2 @entity2569 6 @entity219 finger transcription factor. An FgArt1 deletion mutant of @entity12069 exhibited @entity73 due to significantly reduced a-amylase gene expression. The deletion strain was not able to produce @entity14472 and exhibited low Tri5 and Tri6 expression levels, whereas the complemented strain showed a similar ability to produce @entity14472 as the wild-type strain. In addition, FgArt1 deletion resulted in impairment of germination in starch liquid media and reduced pathogenicity on flowering @entity3505 heads. To investigate the roles of the FgArt1 homolog in @entity18327 , we deleted the FVEG_02083 gene, and the resulting strain showed defects in starch hydrolysis, similar to the FgArt1 deletion strain, and produced no detectable level of @entity18639 . The Fum1 and Fum12 expression levels were undetectable in the deletion strain. However, when the FvArt1-deleted @entity18327 was complemented with FgArt1, the resulting strain was not able to recover production of @entity18639 , although FgArt1 expression and starch hydrolysis were induced. Thus, our results suggest that there are different regulatory pathways governed by each ART1 transcription factor in @entity26234 and @entity20695 biosynthesis. Taken together, we suggest that ART1 plays an important role in both @entity26234 and @entity20695 biosynthesis by regulating genes involved in starch hydrolysis.

Transcription Factor ART1 Mediates Starch Hydrolysis and Mycotoxin Production in XXXX and @entity18327 .

@entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen'] @entity3505 :: ('4565', 'Species') :: ['wheat'] @entity20695 :: ('CHEBI:38224', 'Chemical') :: ['fumonisin'] @entity14472 :: ('MESH:D014255', 'Chemical') :: ['trichothecenes'] @entity2569 :: ('CHEBI:17561', 'Chemical') :: ['Cys'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired starch hydrolysis'] @entity219 :: ('MESH:D015032', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc'] @entity18639 :: ('MESH:C056933', 'Chemical') :: ['fumonisin B1'] @entity26234 :: ('CHEBI:55517', 'Chemical') :: ['trichothecene'] @entity12069 :: ('5518', 'Species') :: ['F. graminearum'] @entity43813 :: ('CHEBI:29105', 'Chemical') :: ['Zn(II)'] @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon'] @entity18327 :: ('117187', 'Species') :: ['F. verticillioides strain', 'F. verticillioides']
@entity12069 :: (5518,Species) :: ['Fusarium graminearum']
