RATIONALE: @entity1 with @entity1030 develop increased @entity65 with structural alterations. OBJECTIVES: To investigate through a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study the effect of lung deflation on @entity65 and function using cardiac magnetic resonance. METHODS: Forty-five hyperinflated @entity1 with @entity1030 were randomized (1:1) to 7 (maximum 14) days inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting b2-agonist @entity14680 / @entity16137 100/25  g or placebo (7-day minimum washout). Primary outcome was change from baseline in right ventricular end-diastolic volume index versus placebo. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There was a 5.8 ml/m(2) (95% confidence interval, 2.74-8.91; P   <   0.001) increase in change from baseline right ventricular end-diastolic volume index and a 429 ml (P   <   0.001) reduction in residual volume with @entity14680 / @entity16137 versus placebo. @entity1002 volumes increased by 3.63 ml/m(2) (P   =   0.002) and 2.33 ml/m(2) (P   =   0.002). In post hoc analysis, right ventricular @entity64 volume increased by 4.87 ml/m(2) (P   =   0.003); right ventricular ejection fraction was unchanged. Left ventricular adaptation was similar; left atrial ejection fraction improved by +3.17% (P   <   0.001). Intrinsic myocardial function was unchanged. Pulmonary artery pulsatility increased in two of three locations (main +2.9%, P   =   0.001; left +2.67%, P   =   0.030). @entity14680 / @entity16137 safety profile was similar to placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacologic treatment of @entity1030 has consistent beneficial and plausible effects on cardiac function and pulmonary vasculature that may contribute to favorable effects of inhaled therapies. Future studies should investigate the effect of @entity1162 on @entity296 . Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01691885).

Lung Deflation and Cardiovascular Structure and Function in XXXX . A Randomized Controlled Trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['intrinsic myocardial function'] @entity16137 :: ('MESH:C550468', 'Chemical') :: ['vilanterol'] @entity14680 :: ('MESH:C523187', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone furoate', 'Fluticasone furoate'] @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease'] @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['prolonged lung deflation'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular structure', 'cardiovascular morbidity'] @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular end-diastolic and left atrial end-systolic']
@entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease']
