BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression, with documented roles in bone metabolism and @entity170 , suggesting potential therapeutic targets. Our aim was to identify miRNAs differentially expressed in fractured vs nonfractured bones. Additionally, we performed a miRNA profiling of primary osteoblasts to assess the origin of these differentially expressed miRNAs. METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from (a) fresh femoral neck trabecular bone from @entity1 undergoing hip replacement due to either @entity3604 (OP group, n   =   6) or @entity571 in the absence of @entity170 (Control group, n   =   6), matching the two groups by age and body mass index, and (b) primary osteoblasts obtained from knee replacement due to @entity571 (n   =   4). Samples were hybridized to a microRNA array containing more than 1900 miRNAs. Principal component analysis (PCA) plots and heat map hierarchical clustering were performed. For comparison of expression levels, the threshold was set at log fold change   >   1.5 and a p-value   <   0.05 (corrected for multiple testing). RESULTS: Both PCA and heat map analyses showed that the samples clustered according to the presence or absence of @entity174 . Overall, 790 and 315 different miRNAs were detected in fresh bone samples and in primary osteoblasts, respectively, 293 of which were common to both groups. A subset of 82 miRNAs was differentially expressed (p   <   0.05) between @entity3604 and control osteoarthritic samples. The eight miRNAs with the lowest p-values (and for which a validated miRNA qPCR assay was available) were assayed, and two were confirmed: @entity28756 and miR-483-5p. Both were over-expressed in the @entity3604 samples and expressed in primary osteoblasts. @entity28756 is known to target @entity3546 and predicted to regulate @entity8087 and @entity13156 , while miR-483-5p down-regulates @entity5100 . We observed a reduction trend for this target gene in the @entity3604 bone. CONCLUSIONS: We identified two osteoblast miRNAs over-expressed in @entity3604 , which opens novel prospects for research and therapy.

MiRNA profiling of whole trabecular bone: identification of XXXX -related changes in MiRNAs in @entity1 hip bones.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women'] @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fracture', 'osteoporotic fractures', 'osteoporotic'] @entity8087 :: ('860', 'Gene') :: ['RUNX2'] @entity13156 :: ('3953', 'Gene') :: ['LEPR'] @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture'] @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis'] @entity5100 :: ('3481', 'Gene') :: ['IGF2'] @entity28756 :: ('407037', 'Gene') :: ['miR-320a'] @entity3546 :: ('1499', 'Gene') :: ['CTNNB1']
@entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['osteoporosis']
