OBJECTIVE: This double-blind, prospective, randomized, controlled trial examined the effects of @entity616 and intravenous @entity1338 and opioid treatment on the postoperative @entity1198 /Th2 cytokine ratio after lung surgery. The primary endpoint was the interferon y ( @entity379 ; @entity1198 cytokine)/ @entity3646 ( @entity3646 ; Th2 cytokine) ratio. Secondary endpoints were reductions in @entity158 and incidence of @entity55 . METHODS: Sixty @entity1 were randomized into three groups to receive @entity1937 intravenously ( @entity1937 group, n=20), @entity1937 and @entity1338 intravenously ( @entity1338 group, n=20), or @entity1342 epidurally ( @entity1342 group, n=20). @entity158 was assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS). Cytokines were measured using a cytometric bead array. RESULTS: @entity1 in the @entity1342 group ( @entity616 ) had a significantly lower @entity379 / @entity3646 ratio at the end of surgery than those in the @entity1937 group and @entity1338 group. There were no significant between-group differences in the @entity379 / @entity3646 ratio at other time-points. There were no differences in NRS scores at any time-point. No @entity1 developed @entity55 . CONCLUSION: Intraoperative @entity616 decreased the @entity379 / @entity3646 ratio immediately after lung surgery, indicating less inflammatory stimulation during surgery.

Selective neurogenic blockade and perioperative immune reactivity in XXXX undergoing lung resection.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'patient'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity1198 :: ('51497', 'Gene') :: ['Th1'] @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-y'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain'] @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine'] @entity3646 :: ('3565', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin 4', 'IL-4'] @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic epidural block'] @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
