@entity3821 ( @entity3821 ) is a category of early stage, non-invasive @entity0 defined by the intraductal proliferation of malignant breast epithelial cells. @entity3821 is a heterogeneous disease composed of multiple molecular subtypes including luminal, @entity1722 and basal-like types, which are characterized by immunohistochemical analyses and gene expression profiling. Following surgical and radiation therapies, @entity1 with luminal-type, @entity172 receptor-positive @entity3821 @entity0 can benefit from adjuvant endocrine-based treatment. However, there are no available targeted therapies for @entity1 with basal-like @entity3821 (BL- @entity3821 ) tumors due to their frequent lack of endocrine receptors and @entity1722 amplification, rendering them potentially susceptible to recurrence. Moreover, multiple lines of evidence suggest that @entity3821 is a non-obligate precursor of invasive @entity0 . This raises the possibility that targeting precursor BL- @entity3821 is a promising strategy to prevent BL- @entity3821 @entity1 from the development of @entity0 . An accumulating body of evidence demonstrates the existence of @entity5 stem-like cells (CSCs) in BL- @entity3821 , which potentially determine the features of BL- @entity3821 and their ability to progress into @entity3 . This review encompasses the current knowledge in regard to the characteristics of BL- @entity3821 , identification of CSCs, and their biological properties in BL- @entity3821 . We summarize recently discovered relevant molecular signaling alterations that promote the generation of CSCs in BL- @entity3821 and the progression of BL- @entity3821 to invasive @entity0 , as well as the influence of the tissue microenvironment on CSCs and the invasive transition. Finally, we discuss the translational implications of these findings for the prognosis and prevention of BL- @entity3821 relapse and progression.

@entity5 stem cells and early stage basal-like XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['Ductal carcinoma in situ', 'DCIS'] @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'invasive basal-like breast cancer', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumors', 'breast tumor'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer'] @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['HER2']
@entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']
