PURPOSE: Survival in @entity1 with @entity17430 ( @entity980 ) is excellent. Therefore, new local treatment modalities, such as brachytherapy, have been developed to minimize adverse events. Since 1990, @entity1 with orbital @entity980 and a @entity41 after induction chemotherapy were eligible for resection and brachytherapy. Otherwise @entity1 received external beam radiotherapy. In this study, the authors describe the outcome for 20 @entity1 with primary orbital @entity980 . The aim was to assess risk factors for treatment failure in this single center cohort. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, the authors reviewed imaging studies, surgery reports, histology reports, and radiotherapy plans in a multidisciplinary setting. The authors included 20 consecutive @entity1 with orbital @entity980 , treated between 1990 and 2007, (median age: 7.4 years, range: 0.7-16.1; median follow up: 11.5 years). RESULTS: After induction chemotherapy, 12 @entity1 were treated with surgery and brachytherapy, 2 with external beam radiotherapy, and in 5 @entity1 who achieved complete remission, local treatment was withheld. In 1 @entity1 , brachytherapy was incorrectly withheld after delayed surgery. Seven @entity1 relapsed (no local treatment, N = 2; surgery and brachytherapy, N = 2; external beam radiotherapy, N = 2; surgery only, N = 1). The authors found no @entity1 , @entity5 , or treatment characteristics that predisposed for treatment failure. Ten-year-overall survival and event-free survival were 89% and 65%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Overall survival in this cohort of orbital @entity980 @entity1 was good, including surgery and brachytherapy as treatment modality for orbital @entity980 resulted in an effective local treatment approach with fewer adverse events than external beam radiotherapy. The authors could not identify factors predisposing for treatment failure.

Local Resection and Brachytherapy for Primary Orbital XXXX : Outcome and Failure Pattern Analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity17430 :: ('MESH:C537605', 'Disease') :: ['orbital rhabdomyosarcoma'] @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor'] @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['RMS']
@entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['Rhabdomyosarcoma']
