BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the most common cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity717 ( @entity717 ), and intravenous @entity5505 ( @entity8353 ) is a widely used treatment for such infections. However, intravenous administration in @entity1 with @entity717 may be difficult because of insufficient vascular development. OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to determine the feasibility of subcutaneous drug administration by mentholated warm compresses (WMCs) as an alternative delivery method for @entity5505 in @entity1 with @entity717 . METHODS: @entity8353 was subcutaneously administered to the abdominal region of @entity9174 -treated hypoperfused @entity840 , which were used as a hemodynamic model of @entity1 with @entity717 . MWCs or warm compresses (WCs) were applied to the injection site to increase blood flow. We calculated the cumulative @entity8353 absorption over time by using the deconvolution method. RESULTS: Application of MWCs or WCs increased blood flow at the administration site and increased @entity8353 plasma levels. Application of MWCs or WCs after subcutaneous @entity8353 injection led to higher @entity8353 plasma levels than the mutant prevention concentration for a longer period than was observed for @entity8353 administration without the application of MWCs or WCs. CONCLUSIONS: The application of MWCs or WCs enhanced subcutaneous @entity8353 absorption by increasing blood flow. MWCs and WCs are considered to be safe and routine methods to induce defecation after surgery on the digestive system; thus, the combination of these methods and subcutaneous @entity8353 administration is a potential method for treating @entity55 in @entity1 with @entity717 .

Absorption Kinetics of Subcutaneously Administered @entity5505 in Hypoperfused XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity5505 :: ('MESH:D002442', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftazidime'] @entity9174 :: ('MESH:D009278', 'Chemical') :: ['naphazoline'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs'] @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['severe motor and intellectual disabilities', 'SMID'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death'] @entity8353 :: ('CHEBI:3508', 'Chemical') :: ['CAZ']
@entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['Guinea Pigs']
