OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluates the management of 65 consecutive @entity1 with post-pneumonic @entity3509 thoracis (PET) treated in our department during the last ten years. MATERIALS: There were 51 male (78.5 %) and 14 female (21.5 %) aged 23 - 82 years. The initial cause of PET was @entity55 (postoperative and posttraumatic empyemas were excluded). In 2 cases, a @entity292 coexisted. Diagnosis was based on clinical, radiological and pleural fluid culture findings. Pneumonococci and staphylococci were the predominant bacterial isolates in our series. RESULTS: Tube @entity5173 ( @entity5173 ) was performed in all our @entity1 . Forty-nine @entity1 (75.4 %) were successfully treated with @entity5173 alone. The other 16 @entity1 were submitted to thoracotomy: lung decortication (n = 14) along with segmentectomy in two cases and the Eloesser procedure, also in two cases. The mortality rate reached 9.2 % (n = 6). @entity326 , @entity881 , @entity299 , and @entity454 were the causes. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Complete drainage and full lung expansion by tube thoracostomy with suction are essential in the management of post-pneumonic @entity3509 thoracis. Surgery should only be carried out right away if these conditions are not achieved. 2. Despite clinical experience and the major strategies and procedures available, the mortality remains high.

Treatment of post-pneumonic XXXX thoracis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['Septic shock'] @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['empyema'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac insufficiency'] @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['thoracostomy drainage', 'TS'] @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopleural fistula'] @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure'] @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']
@entity3509 :: (MESH:D004653,Disease) :: ['empyema']
