UNASSIGNED: The @entity5 microenvironment is composed of many immune cell subpopulations and is an important factor in the malignant progression of @entity5 , particularly @entity0 ( @entity0 ). However, the cytokine networks that coordinate various regulatory events within the @entity0 interstitium remain largely uncharacterized. Moreover, the data obtained regarding the origin of cytokine secretions, the levels of secretion associated with @entity5 development, and the possible clinical relevance of cytokines remain controversial. Therefore, we profiled 27 cytokines in 78 @entity0 interstitial fluid (TIF) samples, 43 normal interstitial fluid (NIF) samples, and 25 matched serum samples obtained from @entity0 @entity1 with Luminex xMAP multiplex technology. Eleven cytokines exhibited significantly higher levels in the TIF samples compared with the NIF samples: @entity6977 , @entity688 , @entity540 , @entity4047 , interferon (IFN)y-inducible protein ( @entity371 ), @entity1193 ( @entity1193 ), @entity6006 , @entity1356 , chemokine ligand 5 ( @entity5737 ), @entity7 , and IL-12. An immunohistochemical analysis further demonstrated that @entity1193 , @entity371 , @entity688 , @entity6006 , @entity5737 , and @entity7 are widely expressed by both @entity5 cells and @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), whereas @entity371 and @entity5737 were preferentially abundant in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) compared to @entity5 . The latter observation corresponds with the high level of TILs in the TNBC samples. @entity1356 , @entity6977 , @entity688 , and @entity6006 also exhibited a correlation between the TIF samples and matched sera. In a survival analysis, high levels of @entity225 , a hallmark TH2 cytokine, in the TIF samples were associated with a worse prognosis. These findings have important implications for @entity0 immunotherapy research.

Cytokine profiling of XXXX interstitial fluid of the breast and its relationship with lymphocyte infiltration and clinicopathological characteristics.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity5737 :: ('6352', 'Gene') :: ['RANTES'] @entity225 :: ('3567', 'Gene') :: ['IL-5'] @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'TNBCs', 'breast tumor', 'BC', 'triple-negative breast cancers'] @entity4047 :: ('3596', 'Gene') :: ['IL-13'] @entity6006 :: ('5155', 'Gene') :: ['platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-b', 'PDGF-b', 'PDGFb'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'tumor', 'cancer', 'Luminal A subtype cancers'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1b'] @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF'] @entity6977 :: ('3574', 'Gene') :: ['IL-7', 'interleukin (IL)-7'] @entity1193 :: ('3557', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1RA', 'IL-1 receptor antagonist'] @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor-2'] @entity371 :: ('3627', 'Gene') :: ['IP-10'] @entity688 :: ('3586', 'Gene') :: ['IL-10']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']
