UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 head can be subjected to numerous impact loadings such as those produced by a fall or during sport activities. These accidents can result in skull @entity174 and in some complex cases, part of the skull may need to be replaced by a biomedical implant. Even when the skull is not damaged, such accidents can result in @entity4 treated by decompressive craniectomy. Usually, after recovery, the part of the skull that has been removed is replaced by a prosthesis. In such situations, a computational tool able to analyse the choice of prosthesis material depending on the @entity1 's specific activity has the potential to be extremely useful for clinicians. The work proposed here focusses on the development and use of a numerical model for the analysis of cranial implants under impact conditions. In particular, two main biomaterials commonly employed for this kind of prosthesis are @entity12316 ( @entity12316 ) and macroporous @entity692 (HA). In order to study the suitability of these implants, a finite element head model comprising scalp, skull, cerebral falx, cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues, with a cranial implant replacing part of the skull has been developed from magnetic resonance imaging data. The @entity1 tissues and these two biocompatible materials have been independently studied and their constitutive models are provided here. A computational model of the @entity1 head under impact loading is then implemented and validated, and a numerical comparison of the mechanical impact response of @entity12316 and HA implants is presented. This comparison was carried out in terms of the effectiveness of both implants in ensuring structural integrity and preventing @entity131 . The results obtained in this work highlight the need to take into account environmental mechanical considerations to select the optimal implant depending on the specific @entity1 : whereas HA implants present attractive biointegration properties, @entity12316 implant can potentially be a much more appropriate choice in a demanding mechanical life style. Finally, a novel methodology is proposed to assess the need for further clinical evaluation in case of impact with both implants over a large range of impact conditions.

On the mechanical behaviour of XXXX and HA cranial implants under impact loading.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient'] @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain swelling'] @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite'] @entity12316 :: ('MESH:C063834', 'Chemical') :: ['PEEK', 'polyether-ether-ketone']
@entity12316 :: (MESH:C063834,Chemical) :: ['PEEK']
