PURPOSE: To describe the prevalence of retinal microvascular characteristics and their associations with @entity731 in elderly, nondiabetic @entity1 . DESIGN AND @entity1 : Population-based, cross-sectional study comprising 2050 @entity1 and @entity1 aged 69 to 97 years without @entity6 , living in four communities. METHODS: @entity1 underwent retinal photography and standardized grading of retinal microvascular characteristics, including @entity989 (e.g., microaneurysms, @entity5861 ), focal @entity543 , and arteriovenous nicking. In addition, calibers of retinal arterioles and venules were measured on digitized photographs to obtain an estimate of generalized @entity543 . @entity731 and its risk factors were obtained from clinical examination and laboratory investigations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of @entity989 and their associations with measures of @entity731 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity989 was 8.3% for @entity989 , 9.6% for focal @entity543 , and 7.7% for arteriovenous nicking. All retinal lesions were associated with @entity101 (odds ratios [OR] were 1.8 for @entity989 , 2.1 for focal @entity543 , 1.5 for arteriovenous nicking, and 1.7 for generalized @entity543 ). After controlling for age, gender, race, mean arterial blood pressure, and antihypertensive medication use, @entity989 was associated with prevalent @entity301 (OR, 1.7), prevalent @entity583 (OR, 1.7), prevalent @entity64 (OR, 2.0), presence of @entity543 (OR, 1.9), and increased intima-media thickness of the common carotid (OR, 2.3; fourth vs. first quartile) and internal carotid (OR, 1.8; fourth vs. first quartile) arteries. In contrast, focal @entity543 , arteriovenous nicking, and generalized @entity543 were not associated with any measures of @entity731 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity989 are common in older @entity1 without @entity6 and are related to @entity101 . @entity989 is associated with prevalent @entity301 , @entity64 , and carotid artery thickening, but focal and generalized @entity543 and arteriovenous nicking are not related to most measures of @entity731 . These data suggest that @entity989 reflect processes associated with @entity101 but distinct from @entity731 .

The prevalence and risk factors of XXXX in older @entity1 : The Cardiovascular Health Study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'persons', 'men'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction'] @entity5861 :: ('MESH:D012166', 'Disease') :: ['retinal hemorrhages'] @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy', 'Retinal microvascular abnormalities', 'Retinopathy', 'retinal microvascular abnormalities'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerosis'] @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery plaque', 'arteriolar narrowing']
@entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['retinal microvascular abnormalities']
