Simultaneous analysis of the transcripts of thousands of genes by cDNA microarrays allows the identification of genetic regulatory mechanisms involved in disease pathophysiology. The circadian clock circuitry controls essential cell processes and the functioning of organ systems, which are characterized by rhythmic variations with 24-hour periodicity. The derangement of these processes is involved in the basic mechanisms of inflammatory, metabolic, degenerative and @entity5 . We evaluated by genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis the transcriptome of endoscopic mucosal biopsies of @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) focusing on the expression of circadian genes in @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and @entity31 ( @entity31 ). Twenty-nine @entity29 @entity1 (15 with @entity30 and 14 with @entity31 ) were enrolled and mucosal biopsies were sampled at either inflamed or adjacent non-inflamed areas of the colon. A total of 150 circadian genes involved in pathways controlling crucial cell processes and tissue functions were investigated. In @entity30 specimens 50 genes were differentially expressed, and 21 genes resulted up-regulated when compared to healthy colonic mucosa. In @entity31 specimens 50 genes were differentially expressed, and 27 genes resulted up-regulated when compared to healthy colonic mucosa. Among the core clock genes @entity58049 and @entity19829 were up-regulated, while @entity37822 , @entity40555 , @entity307 and @entity5395 were down-regulated in @entity30 specimens. Conversely, @entity58049 , @entity26624 , @entity68552 , @entity19829 and @entity31128 were up-regulated, while @entity4429 and @entity5395 were down-regulated in @entity31 . In conclusion, in @entity30 and @entity31 @entity1 there are differences in the expression of circadian genes between normal and diseased intestinal mucosa. The deregulated genes evidenced by transcriptome analysis in the major IBDs may play a crucial role in the pathophysiological mechanisms and may suggest novel therapeutic approaches.

Systematic analysis of circadian genes using genome-wide cDNA microarrays in the XXXX transcriptome.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity40555 :: ('4862', 'Gene') :: ['NPAS2'] @entity26624 :: ('1407', 'Gene') :: ['CRY1'] @entity4429 :: ('9975', 'Gene') :: ['NR1D2'] @entity58049 :: ('56938', 'Gene') :: ['ARNTL2'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic diseases'] @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC'] @entity68552 :: ('1454', 'Gene') :: ['CSNK1E'] @entity5395 :: ('8863', 'Gene') :: ['PER3'] @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases', 'IBD'] @entity19829 :: ('6095', 'Gene') :: ['RORA'] @entity37822 :: ('1460', 'Gene') :: ['CSNK2B'] @entity31128 :: ('54962', 'Gene') :: ['TIPIN'] @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"] @entity307 :: ('5187', 'Gene') :: ['PER1']
@entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']
