Survivors of @entity385 are at significant risk for recurrent @entity64 . Appropriate therapy for @entity64 prevention is needed given the significant morbidity and mortality associated with @entity64 , the high financial costs, and the @entity16 associated with treatment failure. A treatment strategy based on assessed risk represents an appropriate use of medical resources and results in improved outcomes. This approach requires evaluation of major risk factors, the most serious of which is a history of @entity385 or transient @entity63 attack. The annual risk for recurrent @entity64 is 6% during the first 5 years after an initial @entity64 . Non-modifiable risk factors include age, race, ethnicity, gender, family history, and geography. The most important modifiable risk factor is @entity101 . @entity6 , @entity407 , @entity4346 , @entity955 , and lifestyle factors such as smoking, @entity988 , and @entity28 contribute to @entity64 risk. Antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and antiplatelet therapies have been successful in reducing the incidence of @entity64 . Clinical trials validate the benefits of statin therapy in reducing the risk for @entity64 . Studies of antiplatelet agents, including @entity117 , @entity1397 , and @entity117 combined with extended-release @entity4341 , have evaluated the risk reduction in recurrent @entity64 and have been concerned particularly with the risk for @entity548 . Therapy for @entity64 prevention based on risk stratification can identify @entity1 who are appropriate targets for aggressive intervention.

Secondary prevention of XXXX : evolution from a stepwise to a risk stratification approach to care.

@entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['secondary stroke', 'stroke'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity'] @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcohol abuse'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic disability'] @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin'] @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage'] @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole'] @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy'] @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation'] @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']
@entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']
