Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging novel technology for @entity64 rehabilitation. Little is known about how dose-response relationships for BCI therapies affect brain and behavior changes. We report preliminary results on @entity64 @entity1 (n = 16, 11 M) with persistent @entity73 who received therapy using a BCI system with functional electrical stimulation of the hand and tongue stimulation. We collected MRI scans and behavioral data using the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), and @entity64 Impact Scale (SIS) before, during, and after the therapy period. Using anatomical and functional MRI, we computed @entity894 ( @entity894 ) for brain activity in the motor network during @entity73 tapping. Changes from baseline @entity894 and behavioral scores were assessed for relationships with dose, intensity, and frequency of BCI therapy. We found that gains in SIS Strength were directly responsive to BCI therapy: therapy dose and intensity correlated positively with increased SIS Strength (p  <= 0.05), although no direct relationships were identified with ARAT or 9-HPT scores. We found behavioral measures that were not directly sensitive to differences in BCI therapy administration but were associated with concurrent brain changes correlated with BCI therapy administration parameters: therapy dose and intensity showed significant (p  <= 0.05) or trending (0.05 < p < 0.1) negative correlations with @entity894 changes, while therapy frequency did not affect @entity894 . Reductions in @entity894 were then correlated (p  <= 0.05) with increased SIS Activities of Daily Living scores and improved 9-HPT performance. Therefore, some behavioral changes may be reflected by brain changes sensitive to differences in BCI therapy administration, while others such as SIS Strength may be directly responsive to BCI therapy administration. Data preliminarily suggest that when using BCI in @entity64 rehabilitation, therapy frequency may be less important than dose and intensity.

Dose-response relationships using brain-computer interface technology impact XXXX rehabilitation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired hand finger', 'upper extremity motor impairment'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke'] @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['Laterality Index', 'LI']
@entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']
