We have developed and evaluated an in vitro culture method for assessing @entity63 in primary @entity19 renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) in which to explore the pathobiology underlying @entity810 . RTEC were predominately of proximal tubule origin which is most susceptible to @entity63 as compared to other @entity1347 . Oxidative stress was induced by chemically depleting @entity855 using @entity8581 and @entity897 and by exposing cells to a 1% @entity26 environment. @entity39 was assessed by measuring LDH released into culture supernatants. Optimal dose and time of exposure to each injury agent was determined for induction of mild, moderate and severe @entity63 defined as LDH release of </= 20%, 21-49% and >/= 50% above baseline respectively. @entity8581 and @entity897 produced a progressive increase in LDH release which was time dependent but chemical concentration independent. A 1% @entity26 environment also induced cell injury over time but only if @entity413 was absent from the culture media. @entity8581 was most effective at inducing oxidative stress causing a mean LDH release of 61% at 48 hr compared to 19% and 50% LDH release induced by @entity897 and by exposure to 1% @entity26 respectively at the same 48 hour time point.The cell culture method described provides several advantages including the use of serum free media and the ability to grow primary cells without matrix support. The LDH assay for injury assessment is reproducible, cost effective, objective and minimizes background cell death. A simple method for the culture and injury of primary @entity19 renal tubular epithelial cells has thereby been established and provides a useful tool for future investigations of @entity8 .

Primary @entity19 renal tubular epithelial cells have variable injury tolerance to XXXX and chemical mediators of oxidative stress.

@entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic kidney injury'] @entity897 :: ('MESH:D003847', 'Chemical') :: ['2-Deoxy-D-Glucose'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse'] @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['nephron segments'] @entity8581 :: ('MESH:D000968', 'Chemical') :: ['Antimycin A'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Necrotic injury'] @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose'] @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['ATP']
@entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']
