Ovulated @entity19 oocytes are activated by exposure to culture medium containing @entity15410 or @entity8594 or by intracytoplasmic injection of the divalent cations. It is known that in vitro matured @entity1707 oocytes are activated by the intracytoplasmic injection of @entity141 . In this study, we examined the effect of exposure and of intracytoplasmic injection of @entity15410 or @entity8594 on in vitro matured @entity1707 oocytes (MII-oocytes). When MII-oocytes were exposed to the medium containing divalent cations, no oocytes were activated. However, in the case of oocytes that were injected with @entity15410 , @entity8594 and @entity141 , at 6 h after injection, 64%, 71% and 86% of the oocytes had been released from MII-arrest, and 51%, 67% and 84% formed female pronuclei, respectively. The initial transient in intracellular @entity141 concentration ([ @entity141 ]i) was measured by the @entity141 indicator dye @entity20048 dextran. Microinjection of @entity15410 , @entity8594 or @entity141 induced a rapid elevation of [ @entity141 ]i. The exocytosis of cortical granules was examined by staining with @entity2822 ( @entity2823 )-labelled peanut agglutinin. After an injection of divalent cations, a release of cortical granules was observed in the oocytes. Maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity declined to a low level after 6 h in all the oocytes injected with divalent cations. To test their developmental ability, injected oocytes were treated with @entity2389 and then cultured for 168 h in NCSU23 medium. After 168 h, 29% ( @entity15410 ), 29% ( @entity8594 ) and 51% ( @entity141 ) of the oocytes had developed to the blastocyst stage. These results indicate that intracytoplasmic injection of @entity15410 and @entity8594 , like that of @entity141 , induces in vitro matured @entity1707 oocytes to be released from MII-arrest and leads them into a series of events related to oocyte activation.

Activation of XXXX oocytes by intracytoplasmic injection of strontium and barium.

@entity1707 :: ('9823', 'Species') :: ['pig'] @entity15410 :: ('CHEBI:16385', 'Chemical') :: ['Sr2+'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse'] @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate'] @entity8594 :: ('MESH:C080430', 'Chemical') :: ['Ba2+'] @entity2823 :: ('MESH:D016650', 'Chemical') :: ['FITC'] @entity2389 :: ('MESH:D003571', 'Chemical') :: ['cytochalasin B'] @entity141 :: ('CHEBI:29108', 'Chemical') :: ['Ca2+'] @entity20048 :: ('MESH:C409648', 'Chemical') :: ['fluo-4']
@entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']
