BACKGROUND: In @entity191 ( @entity191 ), @entity73 which can reduce @entity1 ' quality of life occur frequently. Data on non-pharmacological intervention effects on cognitive functions in @entity1 with @entity191 are rare. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of different cognitive group trainings (structured vs. unstructured) on cognition, @entity308 , and quality of life in @entity3257 @entity191 @entity1 . METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 65 @entity3257 @entity1 with @entity191 according to UK Brain Bank criteria (Hoehn _ Yahr I-III) were allocated to one of two cognitive multi-component treatments ("NEUROvitalis", a structured training, or the unstructured training "Mentally fit" with randomly assembled cognitive tasks, each including 12 group-sessions    90  min over 6 weeks) or a waiting list control group (CG). A neuropsychological test battery was performed before and after the training. RESULTS: Compared to the CG, @entity1 from the "NEUROvitalis" group improved in short-term memory (word list learning "Memo": p  <  .01) and working memory (digit span reverse from "DemTect": p  <  .05), whereas @entity308 scores where reduced in the "Mentally fit" group (Beck Depression Inventory-II: p  <  .05). The "NEUROvitalis" group improved significantly more in working memory than the "Mentally fit" group (DemTect: p  <  .05). DISCUSSION: Cognitive and affective functions can be improved by cognitive trainings in @entity191 @entity1 . Specific effects (e.g. on @entity2414 ) seem to be dependent on the type of training. Further research is needed to define long-term effects and the efficacy in @entity191 @entity1 with different extent of cognitive and @entity146 .

Effects of cognitive training in XXXX : A randomized controlled trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric symptoms'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunctions'] @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's Disease", 'PD'] @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory and working memory versus depression'] @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-demented']
@entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']
