Aboriginal communities in Northern Australia with high rates of group A streptococcal (GAS) @entity272 in childhood also have high rates of @entity177 in adult life. In a cross-sectional study of one such high risk community, @entity633 was used as a marker of @entity8 . The prevalence of @entity633 increased from 0/52 in subjects aged 10-19 years to 10/29 (32.9%) in those aged 50 or more (P < 0.001). Antibodies to streptococcal M protein, markers of past @entity883 , were present in 48/52 (92%) at ages 10-19 years, 16/32 (50%) at ages 30-39, and 20/29 (69%) in those aged 50 or more. After allowing for the age-dependencies of @entity633 and of M protein antibodies (P < 0.001) @entity633 was significantly associated with M protein antibodies (P < 0.01). Thus, 72% of adults aged 30 or more with M protein antibodies also had @entity633 , compared with only 21% of those who were seronegative. More detailed modelling suggested that although most Aboriginal @entity1 in this community developed M protein antibodies following @entity883 in childhood, the development of @entity644 was associated with the persistence of such seropositivity into adult life. The models predicted that @entity644 developed at a mean age of 30 years in seropositive @entity1 , at 45 years in seronegative @entity1 who were overweight, and at 62 years in seronegative @entity1 of normal weight. We demonstrated a clear association between evidence of @entity883 and individual risk of @entity644 in adult life. This study provided a strong rationale for prevention of @entity8 through the more effective control of GAS @entity272 in childhood and through the prevention of @entity28 in adult life.

XXXX is associated with persistence of antibody to streptococcal M protein in Aboriginal Australians.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'persons'] @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease'] @entity883 :: ('MESH:D013290', 'Disease') :: ['childhood GAS infection', 'GAS infection'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity'] @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure'] @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria'] @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections', 'skin infection']
@entity644 :: (MESH:D011507,Disease) :: ['Proteinuria']
