This population-based register study examined if factors during the fetal and neonatal period influence the risk for the @entity1 to develop @entity565 ( @entity565 ). From the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register we identified @entity1 , born between 1987 and 1999, who had been hospitalized for @entity565 up to 2001. Thus, the outcome measure contains only hospitalized cases, not all @entity1 with @entity565 . @entity1 younger than 2 yr at admission were excluded because of the uncertainty about the diagnosis of @entity565 in younger @entity1 . The remaining 14,803 @entity1 were compared with all @entity1 born the same years, recorded in the Swedish Medical Birth Registry, for information on pre- and perinatal characteristics. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with Mantel-Haenszel technique and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with Miettinen's test-based method. The presence of various maternal and neonatal confounders were identified and adjusted for in the analyses. The association between some known factors and childhood @entity565 were confirmed: young maternal age, maternal smoking, period of unwanted childlessness, low maternal level of education, @entity6 , @entity600 , low birth weight, small-for-gestational age, caesarean section, and instrumental vaginal delivery. A number of neonatal characteristics were shown to be independent risk factors: @entity295 or @entity55 , neonatal respiratory problems and treatments, neonatal icterus, and/or neonatal phototherapy. The association with icterus and phototherapy remained after exclusion of cases showing other neonatal risk factors and after adjustment for maternal factors (OR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08-1.50), and increased to 1.5 if the @entity1 had been hospitalized for @entity565 more than once. In conclusion, our results suggest an association between neonatal icterus and/or treatment with neonatal phototherapy and hospitalized childhood @entity565 . This association needs further exploration.

Is neonatal phototherapy associated with an increased risk for hospitalized childhood XXXX ?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child'] @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['maternal diabetes'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'bronchial asthma'] @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']
@entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['bronchial asthma']
