Immobilized cultured @entity286 cells become polarized upon the addition of @entity14728 and start to elongate from an initial spherical shape. The question as to how a diffuse-growing cell forms a polar @entity2270 is addressed here with approaches successfully applied to the study of tip growth. With two kinds of vibrating probes the electric current flow and proton fluxes were mapped around such elongating cells. No consistent polar pattern of ion fluxes, which is typical for actively tip-growing cells, was detected. Therefore, other signals must provide the positional information needed for polar @entity2270 formation. Furthermore, neither a specific pattern of intracellular @entity141 concentration nor a polar distribution of putative ion-channel antagonist-binding sites were found in elongating @entity286 cells. Auxin flux, on the other hand, was found to be important as @entity59173 , an inhibitor of polar auxin transport, clearly inhibited elongation in a concentration-dependent way. @entity2915 with the beta-Yariv reagent also resulted in inhibition of elongation. A model is proposed for the induction of polar growth where localized auxin efflux starts a signal cascade that triggers molecules that reorient microtubules. These then guide cellulose deposition in the cell wall, which in turn alters cell wall mechanics and leads to elongation. In this scheme, arabinogalactan-proteins are not causal agents but are probably important regulators of growth and survival of the cell.

Ion fluxes, auxin and the induction of elongation growth in XXXX cells.

@entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco'] @entity59173 :: ('MESH:C052968', 'Chemical') :: ['TIBA'] @entity141 :: ('CHEBI:29108', 'Chemical') :: ['Ca(2+)'] @entity14728 :: ('CHEBI:32918', 'Chemical') :: ['naphthalene-1-acetic acid'] @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['Cross-linking of arabinogalactan-proteins'] @entity2270 :: ('MESH:C566610', 'Disease') :: ['axis']
@entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['Nicotiana tabacum']
