BACKGROUND: Yukyung karne (YK) is a traditional Tibetan formulation used for many centuries for the treatment of @entity43 . However, the pharmacological basis of its anticancer property is not well understood. In the present study, the anticancer property of YK was investigated in cell culture. METHODS: The growth inhibitory property of YK was evaluated in SKOV6, IHH, HepG2 and HEK293 cell lines using @entity98 assay. The pro-apoptotic activity of drug was analyzed by terminal deoxynuleotidyl transferase @entity1977 nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA fragmentation assays. Confocal microscopy was used to show the release of @entity4674 and its co-localization with mitochondria with the help of dsRed mitotracker in SKOV6 cells. The inhibition in cell proliferation was also visualized by confocal microscopy after @entity1603 incorporation. The activation of @entity5 suppressor @entity876 was evaluated by Western blotting while @entity7 levels in culture supernatant were measured by a colorimetric method. RESULTS: YK specifically and efficiently induced apoptotic killing of the @entity1 @entity43 SKOV6 cells as indicated by increased DNA fragmentation and nick end DNA labeling. Confocal microscopy suggested inhibition of cell proliferation and increase in @entity4674 release via perturbation in mitochondrial membrane potential (    m). Further, YK up-regulated the expression of @entity5 suppressor @entity876 and key cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor @entity3544 , and inhibited @entity7 secretion by cells. Interestingly, YK also exhibited a synergy with @entity1311 which is a well-known anti- @entity5 therapeutic drug. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacological properties of YK to impose growth arrest and trigger pro-apoptotic death in cells amply justify its usage in primary as well as adjunct therapy for @entity43 .

Molecular insights into the anti- XXXX properties of traditional Tibetan medicine Yukyung Karne.

@entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer'] @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrDU'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer'] @entity4674 :: ('54205', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome c'] @entity3544 :: ('644914', 'Gene') :: ['p21'] @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel'] @entity1977 :: ('CHEBI:17625', 'Chemical') :: ['dUTP'] @entity876 :: ('7157', 'Gene') :: ['p53'] @entity98 :: ('CHEBI:53233', 'Chemical') :: ['MTT']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']
