@entity1 noroviruses (NoV) are the leading cause of @entity697 worldwide. Epidemiological studies of outbreaks have suggested that @entity391 facilitates transmission of @entity1 NoV, but there have been no laboratory-based studies characterizing the degree of NoV release during a @entity391 event. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that virus aerosolization occurs in a simulated @entity391 event, and to estimate the amount of virus that is released in those aerosols. A simulated @entity391 device was constructed at one-quarter scale of the @entity1 body following similitude principles. Simulated vomitus matrices at low (6.24 mPa*s) and high (177.5 mPa*s) viscosities were inoculated with low (108 PFU/mL) and high (1010 PFU/mL) concentrations of bacteriophage @entity23493 and placed in the artificial "stomach" of the device, which was then subjected to scaled physiologically relevant pressures associated with @entity391 . Bio aerosols were captured using an SKC Biosampler. In @entity258 , there were notable differences between recovered aerosolized @entity23493 as a function of pressure (i.e., greater aerosolization with increased pressure), although this was not always statistically significant. This relationship disappeared when using high viscosity simulated vomitus. The amount of @entity23493 aerosolized as a @entity778 " ranged from 7.2 x 10-5 to 2.67 x 10-2 (which corresponded to a range of 36 to 13,350 PFU total). To our knowledge, this is the first study to document and measure aerosolization of a NoV surrogate in a similitude-based physical model. This has implications for better understanding the transmission dynamics of @entity1 NoV and for risk modeling purposes, both of which can help in designing effective infection control measures.

Aerosolization of a @entity1 Norovirus Surrogate, Bacteriophage XXXX , during Simulated Vomiting.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Human'] @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['percent of total virus "vomited'] @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute gastroenteritis'] @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting'] @entity23493 :: ('100271694', 'Gene') :: ['MS2'] @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low viscosity artificial vomitus']
@entity23493 :: (100271694,Gene) :: ['MS2']
