BACKGROUND: Double inversion recovery (DIR) detects only a minority (<20%) of @entity75 ( @entity75 ) in @entity15 ( @entity15 ). Phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) was suggested to be substantially superior to DIR in the detection of @entity75 ( @entity75 ). These two sequences might be complementary. OBJECTIVES: To analyze @entity75 frequency and type in @entity15 @entity1 having @entity717 , including @entity1 at clinical onset, and to discern more correctly the artifacts, by combining DIR and PSIR images. @entity1 AND METHODS: 40 @entity1 were enrolled in the study: 10 clinically isolated syndrome/early @entity3780 (CIS/eRRMS), 24 @entity3780 ( @entity3780 ), 6 secondary progressive @entity15 (SPMS). DIR and PSIR images were jointly used to classify lesions as purely intracortical (IC), leukocortical (LC) and juxtacortical (JC). RESULTS: PSIR disclosed @entity75 in 100% of the @entity1 and was capable of identifying more than four times lesions (455.5%, p<0.00001), especially IC (mean numbers: 36.5 @entity3780 , 45.0 in @entity3780 and 52.3 in SPMS) and LC (mean numbers: 10.9 @entity3780 , 20.1 in @entity3780 and 25.3 in SPMS), compared to DIR (p<0.00001). @entity75 number was significantly higher in SPMS compared to @entity3780 (p<0.0001). Artifacts were more accurately identified by comparing the two sequences. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms the higher ability of PSIR in disclosing and classifying @entity75 . The presence of @entity75 in all CIS @entity1 further points out the relevance of cortical pathology in @entity15 . Whether the parallel analysis of DIR and PSIR images may be useful for diagnostic purposes, especially when a diagnosis of @entity15 is suspected but not confirmed by routine MRI, needs to be evaluated in larger @entity1 series. The analysis of the cortex by DIR and PSIR may also allow a better stratification of the @entity1 for prognostic and counseling purposes, as well as for their inclusion in clinical studies.

The Parallel Analysis of Phase Sensitive Inversion Recovery (PSIR) and Double Inversion Recovery (DIR) Images Significantly Improves the Detection of Cortical Lesions in @entity15 ( XXXX ) since Clinical Onset.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cortical lesions', 'CL'] @entity3780 :: ('MESH:D020529', 'Disease') :: ['relapsing remitting MS', 'in CIS/eRRMS', 'RRMS'] @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['different disease duration and disability'] @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']
@entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['MS']
