BACKGROUND: The ability to wait and to weigh evidence is critical to behavioral regulation. These behaviors are known as waiting and reflection @entity23 . In Study 1, we examined the effects of @entity2727 , a @entity935 and @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor, on waiting and reflection @entity23 in healthy young individuals. In study 2, we assessed the role of learning from feedback in @entity74 . METHODS: We used the recently developed 4-Choice Serial Reaction Time task and the Beads task. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were tested twice in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial with 20mg @entity2727 . In the second study, we analyzed premature responses as a function of prior feedback in @entity74 . RESULTS: Study 1: @entity2727 was associated with greater waiting @entity23 to a cue predicting reward along with faster responding to target onset without a generalized effect on reaction time or attention. @entity2727 influenced reflection @entity23 based on baseline @entity23 . Study 2: More premature responses occurred after premature responses in stimulant-dependent subjects. CONCLUSIONS: We show that @entity2727 has dissociable effects on waiting and reflection @entity23 . Chronic stimulant exposure impairs learning from prior premature responses, suggesting a failure to learn that premature responding is suboptimal. These findings provide a greater mechanistic understanding of waiting @entity23 .

Waiting Impulsivity: The Influence of Acute XXXX and Feedback.

@entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine'] @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulsivity'] @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['disorders of addiction'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine'] @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['Methylphenidate', 'methylphenidate']
@entity2727 :: (MESH:D008774,Chemical) :: ['Methylphenidate']
