UNASSIGNED: Exposure to sunlight has recently been postulated as responsible for the effect that more time spent outdoors protects @entity1 from @entity1714 , while early life exposure to natural light was reported to be possibly related to onset of @entity1714 during childhood. In this study, we had two aims: to determine whether increasing natural light exposure has a protective effect on hyperopic defocus-induced @entity1714 , and to observe whether early postnatal exposure to natural light causes increased risk of @entity2516 in adolescence. Eight @entity2608 (aged 20-30 days) were treated monocularly with hyperopic-defocus (-3.0D lens) and divided randomly into two groups: @entity1582 group (n=4), reared under Artificial (indoor) Lighting (08:00-20:00); and NL group (n=4), exposed to Natural (outdoor) Light for 3 hours per day (11:00-14:00), and to indoor lighting for the rest of the light phase. After being reared with lenses for ca. 190 days, all monkeys were returned to unrestricted vision until the age of 3 years. Another eight age-matched monkeys, reared with unrestricted vision under artificial lighting since birth, were employed as controls. The ocular refraction, corneal curvature and axial dimensions were measured before lens-wearing (at 23  3 days of age), monthly during the light phase, and at the age of puberty (at 1185+3 days of age). During the lens-wearing treatment, @entity1 monkeys in the NL group were more hyperopic than those in the @entity1582 group (F=5.726, P=0.032). Furthermore, the two eyes of most NL monkeys remained isometropic, whereas 3 of 4 @entity1582 monkeys developed @entity9340 more than -2.0D. At adolescence, eyes of @entity1582 monkeys showed significant @entity9340 compared with eyes of NL monkeys ( @entity1582 vs NL: -1.66  0.87D vs -0.22  0.44D; P=0.002) and controls ( @entity1582 vs Control: -1.66  0.87D vs -0.05  0.85D; P<0.0001). All differences in refraction were associated with parallel changes in axial dimensions. Our results suggest that exposure to natural outdoor light might have an effect to reduced hyperopic defocus-induced @entity1714 . Also, the data imply that early life exposure to sunlight may help to maintain normal development of emmetropization later in life, and thus lower the risk of @entity9340 in adolescent monkey.

Exposure to Sunlight Reduces the Risk of XXXX in @entity2608 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant'] @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error'] @entity9340 :: ('MESH:D015858', 'Disease') :: ['myopic anisometropia'] @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL'] @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys'] @entity1714 :: ('MESH:D009216', 'Disease') :: ['myopia']
@entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['Myopia']
