AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of @entity2333 and to identify clinical and procedural variables that would predict complications. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed 381 consecutive @entity1 who were treated between 1977 and 1995 at our catheterization laboratory and/or medical intensive care unit. The complications considered relevant were @entity4218 requiring catheter removal, @entity1317 , @entity548 requiring transfusion, embolic events, and @entity281 . In eight @entity1 the balloon could not be inserted. The rate of complications for the remaining 373 @entity1 was 12.9%. Between 1977 and 1980, surgical insertion was performed using a 12 French catheter with a complication rate of 30.4% (seven of 23 @entity1 ). Percutaneous implantation, performed after 1981, had an overall complication rate of 11.7% (41 of 350 @entity1 ). Using thinner catheters for percutaneous placement was associated with a reduction in the rate of complications, from 20.7% (17 of 82 @entity1 ) for 12 French catheters to 9.9% (10 of 101 @entity1 ) for 10.5 French catheters (P = 0.04), and 8.4% (14 of 167 @entity1 ) for 9.5 French catheters (P = 0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified duration of counterpulsation > 48 h (odds ratio 3.6), catheter size (odds ratio 3.4 for 12 French catheters), @entity1095 (odds ratio 2.7), and shock (odds ratio 2.0) as independent risk factors for counterpulsation-associated complications. When considering 9.5 French catheters only (167 @entity1 , all after 1992), the sole remaining independent risk factor was duration of counterpulsation > 48 h (odds ratio 3.8). Those @entity1 with 9.5 French catheters in whom counterpulsation did not exceed 48 h had a low complication rate of 3.9%. CONCLUSION: The rate of percutaneous @entity2333 was thus significantly reduced by employing thinner catheters. It was at an acceptable level for 9.5 French catheters, where a long duration of counterpulsation emerged as the most significant factor associated with complications. Whether using even thinner catheters in combination with a sheathless implantation technique further minimizes the risk of counterpulsation remains to be seen.

Complications of XXXX . The role of catheter size and duration of support in a multivariate analysis of risk.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding'] @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury'] @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb ischaemia'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection'] @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation', 'intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation complications']
@entity2333 :: (MESH:D001018,Disease) :: ['intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation']
