As the number of carotid angioplasty and stent procedures increases, vascular surgeons should anticipate the need for increased surgical correction for complications of stenting and, particularly, in-stent @entity256 . This study reviews operative technique alternatives for hemodynamically significant recurrent @entity543 following angioplasty and stent placement. Four techniques have been used for repair of carotid in-stent @entity256 . All operations were performed with continuous electroencephalographic monitoring. Stents were completely removed in two @entity1 . Operations performed were (1) longitudinal arteriotomy through the stent with patch angioplasty, (2) common carotid to distal internal carotid artery (ICA) bypass with @entity736 ( @entity736 ), (3) subclavian to distal @entity6455 bypass with PTFE, and (4) carotid endarterectomy with complete stent removal and patch angioplasty. Mean operative time was 133 +/- 22 min. Mean follow-up was 27.5 +/- 29 months. There were no postoperative @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 . No @entity128 were noted. No @entity1 developed @entity86 requiring return to the operating room. All @entity1 were stable at follow-up without evidence of recurrent @entity850 on postoperative duplex ultrasound. Repair of carotid @entity256 following angioplasty and stenting can be achieved with or without complete stent removal. Multiple technical approaches may be required, depending on the length and location of the lesion and stents, the presence of complete common @entity432 , and the degree of surrounding @entity32 .

Technical strategies for recurrent XXXX following angioplasty and stenting.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions'] @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis'] @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve injuries'] @entity6455 :: ('CHEBI:29202', 'Chemical') :: ['ICA'] @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative neck hematomas'] @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['carotid occlusion'] @entity736 :: ('CHEBI:53251', 'Chemical') :: ['PTFE', 'polytetrafluoroethylene'] @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis'] @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths']
@entity543 :: (MESH:D016893,Disease) :: ['carotid stenosis']
