Theories of @entity2415 traditionally revolved around proteolytic destruction of extracellular matrix. Models have recently been developed that show airspace enlargement with the induction of pulmonary cell apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism by which a model of epithelial cell apoptosis caused airspace enlargement. @entity19 were treated with either intratracheal microcystin (MC) to induce apoptosis, intratracheal porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE), or their respective vehicles. @entity19 from all groups were inflated and morphometry was measured at various time points. Physiology measurements were performed for airway resistance, tissue elastance, and lung volumes. The groups were further analyzed by air-saline quasistatic measurements, surfactant staining, and surfactant functional studies. @entity19 treated with MC showed evidence of reversible airspace enlargement. In contrast, @entity15978 -treated @entity19 showed irreversible airspace enlargement. The airspace enlargement in MC-treated @entity19 was associated with an increase in elastic recoil due to an increase in alveolar surface tension. PPE-treated @entity19 showed a loss of lung elastic recoil and normal alveolar surface tension, a pattern more consistent with @entity1 @entity2415 . Airspace enlargement that occurs with the MC model of pulmonary epithelial cell apoptosis displays physiology distinct from @entity1 @entity2415 . Reversibility, restrictive physiology due to changes in surface tension, and @entity1283 associated with @entity133 are most consistent with a mild @entity647 . Inflation near total lung capacity gives the appearance of enlarged alveoli as neighboring collapsed alveoli exert tethering forces.

Epithelial cell apoptosis causes @entity647 masquerading as XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Mice'] @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar enlargement'] @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema'] @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous alveolar collapse'] @entity15978 :: ('CHEBI:60744', 'Chemical') :: ['PPE'] @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury']
@entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']
