CARCINOMA OF THE GALLBLADDER: Only @entity1 suffering from @entity1442 have symptoms, that is @entity158 , @entity1087 , @entity353 . Mean 5-year survival rate tends to be lower than 5%. Tumors can be resected with negative margins in 15 to 25% of the @entity1 . @entity3883 can be managed with endoscopic biliary stent in 84% of the @entity1 . After radiotherapy tumor regression is observed in 80% of the @entity1 . Their mean survival time is 10 months. CHOLANGIOCARCINOMAS: More than 90% of the @entity1 present with @entity1087 . At the time of presentation, 50% of the @entity1 already have metastases to lymph nodes. Mean total survival time of all @entity1 is 12 months. Surgical resection can successfully be performed in 30 to 40% of the @entity1 suffering from @entity201 . Distal unresectable @entity5 are best palliated with an endoscopically placed stent in 97.5% of the @entity1 . @entity1 having undergone radiotherapy will have a mean survival time of 9 to 12 months. There is a 12% response rate after chemotherapy with single agents and one of 23% after combined regimens. Intraarterial application of chemotherapy results in 44% response rate. CONCLUSION: @entity189 of the biliary tract are often diagnosed at advanced inoperable stages. @entity1 quality of life can be ameliorated by palliative treatment, i.e. biliary stents, radio-, chemotherapy. Mean survival time does normally not exceed 1 year.

[Palliative therapy of XXXX of the biliary system].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive jaundice'] @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss'] @entity1087 :: ('MESH:D007565', 'Disease') :: ['jaundice'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors'] @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinomas'] @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease'] @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['proximal cholangiocarcinomas'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain']
@entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinomas']
