SETTING: The @entity378 Research Centre, Chennai, and its unit at Madurai, South India. OBJECTIVE: To design oral short-course regimens for the treatment of sputum-positive @entity1907 that could be more easily implemented under field conditions. DESIGN: A total of 1203 @entity1 was randomly allocated to one of three regimens. I (2EHRZ7/6EH7): 8-month daily regimen of @entity3110 (E), @entity3109 (H), @entity1215 (R) and @entity5585 (Z) for 2 months, followed by E and H for 6 months. II (2EHRZ2/4EHR2): 6-month twice-weekly regimen with the same four drugs for 2 months, followed by EHR for 4 months. III (2HRZ2/4HR2): similar to @entity16127 . II, but without @entity3110 . In @entity16127 . I, drugs were given completely unsupervised. Regs. II and III were either completely or partially supervised. RESULTS: Drug-susceptible group: At the end of treatment, 3.6% of 305 @entity1 in @entity16127 . I, 0.4% of 263 in @entity16127 . II and 9.3% of 257 in @entity16127 . III had an unfavourable bacteriological response. By 24 months after start of treatment, 5% of 290 in @entity16127 . I, 11% of 258 in @entity16127 . II and 10% of 229 in @entity16127 . III had a bacteriological relapse requiring treatment. Giving the twice-weekly regimens partly unsupervised did not influence the response to treatment, emergence of drug resistance or relapse rates. @entity3109 resistant group: Unfavourable response and relapse with @entity16127 . I (94 @entity1 ) was 17% and 8%, with @entity16127 . II (59 @entity1 ) 20% and 25%, and with @entity16127 . III (74 @entity1 ) 62% and 15%, respectively. CONCLUSION: A fully unsupervised @entity3110 -containing regimen given daily for 8 months ( @entity16127 . I) was found to be very effective even in the presence of @entity3109 -resistant bacilli. With the @entity3110 -containing twice-weekly regimen, the response at the end of treatment was near 100%, but the relapse rate was high (11%). The non- @entity3110 twice-weekly regimen was not satisfactory. All three regimens failed in the presence of bacilli resistant to @entity1215 and @entity3109 .

A controlled clinical trial of oral short-course regimens in the treatment of sputum-positive XXXX . @entity378 Research Centre.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity3110 :: ('MESH:D004977', 'Chemical') :: ['ethambutol'] @entity5585 :: ('MESH:D011718', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrazinamide'] @entity16127 :: ('5967', 'Gene') :: ['Reg'] @entity3109 :: ('MESH:D007538', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoniazid', 'isoniazid'] @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampicin'] @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['Tuberculosis'] @entity1907 :: ('MESH:D014397', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']
@entity1907 :: (MESH:D014397,Disease) :: ['pulmonary tuberculosis']
