BACKGROUND: GL261 cells are @entity19 @entity11 cells that demonstrate proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis when implanted in syngeneic C57BL/6 @entity19 , providing a highly useful immunocompetent animal model of @entity463 . Modification of @entity5 cells for luciferase expression enables non-invasive monitoring of orthotopic @entity5 growth, and has proven useful for studying @entity463 response to novel therapeutics. However, @entity5 modification for luciferase has the potential for evoking host immune response against otherwise syngeneic @entity5 cells, thereby mitigating the @entity5 cells' value for @entity5 immunology and immunotherapy studies. METHODS: GL261 cells were infected with lentivirus containing a gene encoding firefly luciferase (GL261.luc). In vitro proliferation of parental (unmodified) GL261 and GL261.luc was measured on days 0, 1, 2, 4, and 7 following plating, and the expression of 82 @entity19 cytokines and chemokines were analyzed by RT-PCR array. Cell lines were also evaluated for differences in invasion and migration in modified Boyden chambers. GL261 and GL261.luc cells were then implanted intracranially in C57BL/6 @entity19 , with @entity5 growth monitored by quantitative bioluminescence imaging, and all @entity19 were followed for survival to compare relative malignancy of @entity5 cells. RESULTS: No difference in proliferation was indicated for GL261 vs. GL261.luc cells (p>0.05). Of the 82 genes examined by RT-PCR array, seven (9%) exhibited statistically significant change after luciferase modification. Of these, only three changed by greater than 2-fold: @entity8385 , @entity1312 , and @entity11579 . No difference in invasion (p=0.67) or migration (p=0.26) was evident between modified vs. unmodified cells. GL261.luc cell luminescence was detectable in the brains of C57BL/6 @entity19 at day 5 post-implantation, and @entity5 bioluminescence increased exponentially to day 19. Median overall survival was 20.2 days versus 19.7 days for @entity19 receiving implantation with GL261 and GL261.luc, respectively (p=0.62). Histopathologic analysis revealed no morphological difference between @entity5 , and immunohistochemical analysis showed no significant difference for staining of @entity5168 , @entity14160 , or @entity5231 (p>0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Luciferase expression in GL261 @entity19 @entity11 cells does not affect GL261 proliferation, invasion, cytokine expression, or in vivo growth. Luciferase modification increases their utility for studying @entity5 immunology and immunotherapeutic approaches for treating @entity463 .

Stable luciferase expression does not alter immunologic or in vivo growth properties of GL261 @entity19 XXXX cells.

@entity11579 :: ('21808(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b2'] @entity14160 :: ('17345(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Ki67'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse', 'murine'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'GL261.luc tumor', 'tumors'] @entity5168 :: ('12501(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CD3'] @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma'] @entity8385 :: ('12156(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['BMP-2'] @entity5231 :: ('18613(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CD31'] @entity1312 :: ('16163(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-13'] @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']
@entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']
