Three batches of soft smear-ripened Taleggio PDO cheese were made in Northern Italy during the summertime 2010. A total of 129 isolates cultured from cheese surface were examined by using PCR-based methods and sequencing of both the ITS1 region and D1 and D2 domains of the 26S rRNA gene. Sequence analysis of isolates brought to the identification of 6 species: @entity18502 , @entity11900 , @entity11900 marxianus, @entity10057 , @entity18203 , and @entity53173 . Analysis of DNA directly extracted from 45 cheese surfaces permitted to detect 2 additional species Candida sake and Candida etchellsii. @entity18502   was predominant and widespread whereas the other @entity375 species were detected less frequently. To determine the relationships between @entity375 community and the environment, 39 isolates from wooden boxes used for dry salting of cheese were analyzed as well. Sequencing of ITS1 region allowed to identify @entity18502 , @entity53173 , and @entity11900 . ITS1 multiple sequence alignments of @entity18502 detected in wooden boxes showed an in-del polymorphism at position 169. ITS1 secondary structures of @entity375 were modeled to explore new applications of this region for molecular identification purposes. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study used molecular analysis to identify adventitious @entity375 population present in the surface of Taleggio smear-ripened cheese. @entity18502   was found predominant in pasteurized milk, in dry salting equipment, and in all cheese samples until the end of ripening.

Internal transcribed spacer as a target to assess XXXX biodiversity in Italian Taleggio PDO cheese.

@entity18203 :: ('4929', 'Species') :: ['Pichia guilliermondii'] @entity18502 :: ('4959', 'Species') :: ['D. hansenii', 'Debaryomyces hansenii'] @entity11900 :: ('28985', 'Species') :: ['Kluyveromyces', 'Kluyveromyces lactis', 'K. lactis'] @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast', 'yeasts'] @entity53173 :: ('4950', 'Species') :: ['Torulaspora delbrueckii', 'T. delbrueckii'] @entity10057 :: ('4952', 'Species') :: ['Yarrowia lipolytica']
@entity375 :: (4932,Species) :: ['yeast']
