@entity10070 involves development of parenchymal granulomata that usually resolve spontaneously; however, it remains unclear what pathogenic mechanisms are responsible for the progression to local or diffuse @entity82 with irreversible lung remodeling that occurs in 20% of @entity1 . Alveolar macrophages have a pivotal role in @entity370 , releasing mediators including insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, a potent profibrogenic molecule. @entity442 bioavailability in the lung is dependent on at least six high-affinity IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP), which mainly inhibit @entity442 action. We have investigated their presence in @entity1 with established stage @entity370 to determine whether @entity442 and IGFBP contribute to the fibrogenic process in these @entity1 and as such contribute to the (clinical) progression of the disease. The fibroblast mitogenic potential of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was more than 3-fold higher (P < 0.005) in @entity370 @entity1 . Sarcoid BALF-induced activity could be inhibited (P < 0.0005) by neutralizing antibodies to @entity442 . We established the IGFBP profile of BALF with Western ligand analysis and quantified expression of @entity2301 by immunoblotting. @entity10513 and @entity12561 predominate in normal and @entity370 BALF, but @entity2301 occurs only as a modified, smaller, 29-kD form, expression of which was raised (P < 0.003) in @entity370 @entity1 . Gene expression of @entity442 and @entity2301 was demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in BAL cells. Thus, local production of pro-fibrogenic @entity442 may be subject to substantial post-translational regulation by associated IGFBP and IGFBP proteases that may contribute to enhanced fibrogenesis in @entity370 @entity1 with evidence of progression or (development) of @entity82 .

Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of XXXX with @entity10070 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis'] @entity12561 :: ('3487', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-4'] @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-3'] @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-1'] @entity10513 :: ('3485', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-2'] @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis', 'III sarcoidosis', 'sarcoid'] @entity10070 :: ('MESH:D017565', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary sarcoidosis']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
