BACKGROUND: Despite the proven efficacy of both intravenous (IV) and intra-articular (IA) @entity927 ( @entity928 ) in reducing @entity190 during @entity348 ( @entity348 ), the ideal route of administration remained debatable. This study aimed to compare the effect of IV versus IA @entity928 on transfusion incidences, perioperative @entity190 and postoperative lower limb swelling during @entity348 . METHODS: One hundred @entity1 were prospectively randomised into two groups: 1) IV @entity928 ; and 2) IA @entity928 . In both groups, @entity928 was administered intraoperatively after cementing the prostheses. The perioperative @entity190 was calculated using the haemoglobin balance method. The thigh, suprapatellar, and @entity291 girths were measured preoperatively and on postoperative day (POD) 4. RESULTS: Two @entity1 in the IV group and one @entity1 in the IA group required blood transfusion (p=0.500). The median and interquartile range (IQR) of perioperative @entity190 on @entity773 and POD4 was 530 (IQR 386,704) and 730 (IQR 523,925) ml for the IV group, compared with 613 (IQR 506,703) and 799 (IQR 563,1067) ml for the IA group (p=0.090 and p=0.232 respectively). The median increment in thigh, suprapatellar, and @entity291 girths were 1.5 (IQR 0, 3.0), 2.0 (IQR 0.5, 4.0) and 0 (IQR 0, 1.0) cm for the IV group, compared to 2.0 (IQR 1.0, 4.0), 2.0 (IQR 0, 4.5) and 0 (IQR 0, 1.5) cm for the IA group (p=0.246, p=0.562, and p=0.937 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Both IV and IA @entity928 had comparable effect on transfusion incidences, perioperative @entity190 , and postoperative lower limb swelling during @entity348 . IA @entity928 is an alternative to IV @entity928 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I.

Intravenous versus intra-articular @entity927 in XXXX : A double-blinded randomised controlled noninferiority trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss'] @entity773 :: ('79585', 'Gene') :: ['POD1'] @entity928 :: ('CHEBI:36088', 'Chemical') :: ['TXA'] @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['total knee arthroplasty', 'TKA'] @entity927 :: ('MESH:D014148', 'Chemical') :: ['tranexamic acid'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['calf']
@entity348 :: (MESH:C535338,Disease) :: ['total knee arthroplasty']
