PURPOSE: To explore the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for the prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in @entity418 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 20 @entity1 receiving nCRT for @entity418 DW-MRI scanning was performed before nCRT, after 8-13 fractions, and before surgery. The median @entity5 apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was determined at these three time points. The predictive potential of initial @entity5 ADC, and change in ADC (  ADC) during and after treatment for pathologic complete response (pathCR) and good response were assessed. Good response was defined as pathCR or near-pathCR ( @entity5 regression grade [TRG] 1 or 2). RESULTS: A pathCR after nCRT was found in 4 of 20 @entity1 (20%), and 8 @entity1 (40%) showed a good response to nCRT. The   ADCduring was significantly higher in pathCR vs. non-pathCR @entity1 (34.6%  10.7% [mean  SD] vs. 14.0%  13.1%, p=0.016), as well as in good vs. poor responders (30.5%  8.3% vs. 9.5%  12.5%, p=0.002). The   ADCduring was predictive of @entity5 at a threshold of 29% (sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 75%, @entity2286 of 94%, and NPV of 100%), and for poor pathologic response at a threshold of 21% (sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 100%, @entity2286 of 100%, and NPV of 80%). CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory study, the treatment-induced change in ADC during the first 2-3weeks of nCRT for @entity418 seemed highly predictive of histopathologic response. Larger series are warranted to verify these results.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'residual cancer'] @entity2286 :: ('12211', 'Species') :: ['PPV'] @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']
@entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']
