UNASSIGNED: Maternal exposure to stress or adversity during pregnancy has been associated with negative health effects for the offspring including @entity146 symptoms. Programming of the @entity2339 has been suggested as one mediating process. In order to investigate possible long term effects of stressors during pregnancy, we followed 70 @entity1 and their mothers from pregnancy up to nine years aiming to investigate if maternal @entity701 levels and distress/exposure to partner violence were associated with @entity1 @entity146 symptoms and @entity1 @entity701 levels at follow-up. @entity7310 was evaluated using The Self Reporting Questionnaire, exposure to partner violence by an instrument from WHO and @entity1 @entity146 symptoms with @entity1 Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We adjusted the analyses for gestational week, gender, SES, perinatal data and maternal distress/exposure to partner violence at @entity1 age of nine years. Elevated maternal @entity701 levels during pregnancy, as a possible marker of maternal stress load, were correlated with higher CBCL-ratings, especially concerning externalizing symptoms. Maternal @entity701 levels during pregnancy were not associated with @entity1 @entity701 levels at @entity1 age of nine years. @entity7310 and exposure to partner violence during pregnancy were neither associated with @entity1 @entity146 symptoms nor @entity1 @entity701 levels. To conclude, intrauterine exposure to elevated @entity701 levels was associated with higher ratings on offspring psychopathology at nine years of age. The lack of association between maternal @entity701 levels during pregnancy and @entity1 @entity701 levels does not support the hypothesis of fetal programming of the @entity2339 , but reliability problems may have contributed to this negative finding.

High maternal XXXX levels during pregnancy are associated with more @entity146 symptoms in offspring at age of nine - A prospective study from Nicaragua.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'child'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric'] @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis', 'HPA-axis'] @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol'] @entity7310 :: ('MESH:C536469', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal distress']
@entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['cortisol']
