BACKGROUND: @entity16109 (NiV) is an emerging paramyxovirus distinguished by its ability to cause @entity66 in both animal and @entity1 hosts. Together with @entity18832 ( @entity4973 ), they comprise the genus Henipavirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. NiV and @entity4973 are also restricted to Biosafety Level-4 containment and this has hampered progress towards examining details of their replication and morphogenesis. Here, we have established recombinant expression systems to study NiV particle assembly and budding through the formation of virus-like particles (VLPs). RESULTS: When expressed by recombinant Modified @entity6621 Ankara (rMVA) or plasmid transfection, individual NiV matrix (M), fusion (F) and attachment (G) proteins were all released into culture supernatants in a membrane-associated state as determined by @entity969 density gradient flotation and immunoprecipitation. However, co-expression of F and G along with M revealed a shift in their distribution across the gradient, indicating association with M in VLPs. Protein release was also altered depending on the context of viral proteins being expressed, with F, G and nucleocapsid (N) protein reducing M release, and N release dependent on the co-expression of M. Immunoelectron microscopy and density analysis revealed VLPs that were similar to authentic virus. Differences in the budding dynamics of NiV proteins were also noted between rMVA and plasmid based strategies, suggesting that over-expression by poxvirus may not be appropriate for studying the details of recombinant virus particle assembly and release. CONCLUSION: Taken together, the results indicate that NiV M, F, and G each possess some ability to bud from expressing cells, and that co-expression of these viral proteins results in a more organized budding process with M playing a central role. These findings will aid our understanding of paramyxovirus particle assembly in general and could help facilitate the development of a novel vaccine approach for henipaviruses.

Quantitative analysis of XXXX proteins released as virus-like particles reveals central role for the matrix protein.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['fatal disease'] @entity16109 :: ('121791', 'Species') :: ['Nipah virus'] @entity18832 :: ('63330', 'Species') :: ['Hendra virus'] @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose'] @entity4973 :: ('42005', 'Species') :: ['HeV'] @entity6621 :: ('10245', 'Species') :: ['Vaccinia virus']
@entity16109 :: (121791,Species) :: ['Nipah virus']
