PURPOSE:: Following preoperative chemoradiation and surgery, many @entity1 with @entity5 are unable to tolerate full-dose adjuvant chemotherapy. BrUOG R-224 was designed to assess the impact of COmplete Neoadjuvant Treatment for @entity5 (CONTRE), primary chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation and surgery, on treatment delivery, @entity137 , and pathologic response at surgery. METHODS:: @entity1 with clinical stage II to III (T3 to T4 and/or N1 to N2) @entity5 received 8 cycles of modified FOLFOX6 followed by @entity416 825 mg/m bid concurrent with 50.4 Gy intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Surgery was performed 6 to 10 weeks after chemoradiation. RESULTS:: Thirty-nine @entity1 were enrolled between August 2010 and June 2013. Median age was 61 years (30 to 79 y); 7 @entity1 (18%) were clinical stage II and 32 (82%) stage III. Thirty-six @entity1 (92%) received all 8 cycles of mFOLFOX6, of whom 35 completed subsequent chemoradiation; thus 89% of @entity1 received CONTRE as planned. No unexpected @entity137 were reported. All @entity1 had resolution of @entity548 and improvement of obstructive symptoms, with no complications requiring surgical intervention. Pathologic complete response (ypT0N0) was demonstrated in 13 @entity1 (33%; 95% CI, 18.24%-47.76%). CONCLUSIONS:: CONTRE seems to be a well-tolerated alternative to the current standard treatment sequence. Evaluating its impact on long-term outcomes would require a large randomized trial, but using pathologic response as an endpoint, it could serve as a platform for assessing the addition of novel agents to preoperative @entity5 .

Complete Neoadjuvant Treatment for XXXX : The Brown University Oncology Group CONTRE Study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities'] @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage II to III rectal cancer', 'treatment in stage II to III rectal cancer', 'REctal cancer', 'rectal cancer']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Rectal Cancer']
