PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the risk factors and complications of difficult retrieval (DR) of embolic protection devices (EPDs) in @entity2998 ( @entity2998 ). METHODS: A total of 195 consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity2998 between December 2007 and March 2010 in a general hospital were enrolled and divided into two groups: with DR and without DR. The risk factors of DR were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses. The complications of DR were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 30 (15.4%) @entity1 with DR of EPDs were observed, of whom EPDs were successfully retrieved in 29, and in 1 was it taken out by surgical treatment. The retrieval time was significantly longer in @entity1 with DR (490.5      143.9  s) than in @entity1 without DR (157.2      15.7  s, p  =  0.000). @entity2553 was observed more frequently in @entity1 with DR than in @entity1 without DR (55.2% vs. 14.5%, p  =  0.000). Intracranial compilations were more frequent in @entity1 with DR than in those without DR (17.2% vs. 0.6%, p  =  0.000). Calcified plaques, degree of residual stenosis, types of the stents, and tortuosity index (TI  >  80  ) were all associated with DR. A logistic regression analysis indicated that calcified plaques (odds ratio (OR)  =  6.5; p  =  0.000) and TI  >  80   (OR  =  18.8; p  =  0.000) were independent predictors of DR. CONCLUSIONS: Calcified plaques and TI  >  80   may be related to DR in @entity1 with @entity2998 . DR may lengthen the retrieving time and increase the complications of the procedure.

Risk factors and complications associated with difficult retrieval of embolic protection devices in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['Vasospasm'] @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenting', 'CAS']
@entity2998 :: (MESH:D002340,Disease) :: ['carotid artery stenting']
