BACKGROUND: Desensitization ( @entity6088 ) with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)  +  rituximab is effective, safe, and increases the transplantation rate in human leukocyte antigen-sensitized @entity1 . However, reports of @entity7578 ( @entity7578 ) caused by @entity8315 ( @entity8315 ) in autoimmune @entity1 treated with rituximab is concerning. Here, we report on the @entity8315 @entity646 and @entity7578 status in kidney transplant @entity1 with/without @entity6088 ( @entity6088 ). METHODS: In total 1195 and 699 DNA samples from plasma in 117 @entity6088 (78% lymphocyte-depleting [LyD] induction) and 100 @entity6088 @entity1 (45% LyD), respectively, were submitted for @entity8315 -polymerase chain reaction. Results were compared in both groups. RESULTS: No @entity1 in either @entity6088 or @entity6088 developed @entity7578 or presented with any @entity16 . The @entity8315 @entity646 rate was similar in @entity6088 and @entity6088 @entity1 (3/117 vs. 9/100, P  =  0.07). The @entity8315 levels were low (median peak levels, 1025 copies/mL) and @entity8315 @entity646 was observed only once during the study period in most @entity1 . All 3 @entity6088 @entity1 with @entity8315 (+) received 1 dose rituximab and no @entity6088 @entity1 with >1 dose rituximab showed @entity8315 (+). All 3 @entity8315 (+) @entity6088 @entity1 received LyD induction, while only 2 of 9 @entity8315 (+) @entity6088 @entity1 did so, and the remaining 7 received non-LyD or no induction. @entity8315 in leukocyte was mostly negative in @entity6088 and @entity6088 @entity1 . Immunosuppression in @entity1 with or without @entity8315 (+) was similar. @entity8999 @entity646 was observed more commonly in @entity1 with @entity8315 (+) than in those without (P  <  0.02). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with IVIG  +  rituximab @entity6088 followed by transplantation with LyD induction and additional rituximab rarely show @entity8315 @entity646 and appear at low risk for @entity7578 .

@entity8315 @entity646 and XXXX in human leukocyte antigen-sensitized kidney transplant recipients desensitized with intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab.

@entity6088 :: ('MESH:C535731', 'Disease') :: ['non-DES', 'DES'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity646 :: ('MESH:D014766', 'Disease') :: ['viremia'] @entity8999 :: ('10629', 'Species') :: ['BK polyomavirus'] @entity8315 :: ('10632', 'Species') :: ['JC polyomavirus', 'JCPyV'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological symptoms'] @entity7578 :: ('MESH:D007968', 'Disease') :: ['progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy', 'PML']
@entity7578 :: (MESH:D007968,Disease) :: ['progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy']
