We have previously demonstrated that feeding a diet with a high @entity535 (60% AA diet) content, as a mixture simulating casein, induced pancreatic growth and pancreatic protease production in @entity35 . In the present study, we examined the effects of an increasing dietary content of essential @entity1522 (EAA, x1 - x3 in exp. 1 and x1 - x3.3 in exp. 2) and non-essential @entity1522 (NEAA, x1 - x3 in exp. 1 and x1 - x5.2 in exp. 2) on pancreatic growth, amylase and protease adaptation using casein-type @entity535 mixtures (exp. 1, basal diet; 20% AA diet) and egg white-type @entity535 mixtures (exp. 2, basal diet; 12% AA diet). Pancreatic growth and trypsin activity were induced as the dietary content of NEAA was increased in experiments 1 and 2. Amylase activity in the pancreas was also induced as the dietary content of NEAA was increased, even with the decrease in dietary @entity1735 in experiment 2. The values of all pancreatic variables decreased with the increase in dietary EAA (x2 and x3) without an increase in NEAA. The changes in the pancreas were coincident with increases in plasma @entity369 and @entity376 concentrations and a decrease in the plasma @entity493 concentration. In @entity35 fed a 60% AA diet (EAA and NEAA x3), in the case of which the EAA content was balanced with the NEAA content, pancreatic growth and protease production increased and reached maximum levels as the plasma @entity535 concentrations decreased, except for @entity493 . These results show that NEAA, not EAA, are associated with induction of pancreatic growth and protease production upon feeding a diet with a high AA content, and that some metabolites may be involved in the induction process. The suppression of pancreatic growth and protease production in @entity35 fed the high EAA diets without balanced NEAA may be associated with impairment of @entity535 metabolism rather than the increments in the concentration of one or more essential @entity1522 . Our results also suggest that there is an unknown mechanism or unknown factors involved in regulating pancreatic amylase.

Non-essential XXXX play an important role in adaptation of the @entity35 exocrine pancreas to high nitrogen feeding.

@entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids'] @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid'] @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate'] @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine'] @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']
@entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']
