The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the changes of SUV(max) and of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) before and after neoadjuvant therapy, to enable us predict the therapy response, in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 (LARC). A total of 30 @entity1 with LARC who underwent CRT were recruited for our study. All the @entity1 underwent a whole body @entity419 -PET/CT scan and a pelvic MR examination including DW imaging for staging (PET/ @entity7487 and RM1), and after the chemoradiation therapy (PET/ @entity18246 , and RM2). Histopathologic analysis of rectal specimen, according to @entity5 regression grade (Mandard's criteria) was used as the standard reference. MR and PET-CT images were analyzed, and measurements of ADC values and SUV(max) were taken. Diagnostic performance for selection of complete responders ( @entity17198 -2) and overall diagnostic accuracy for each item were calculated. After neoadjuvant therapy, all @entity1 were submitted to surgery. According to Mandard's criteria, 21 @entity5 showed complete ( @entity17198 ) or subtotal regression ( @entity17199 ) and were classified as responders; nine @entity5 were classified as non responders ( @entity22576 , 4, and 5). In all the @entity1 , mean value of SUV(max) in PET/ @entity7487 was higher than those in PET/ @entity18246 (P  <  0.001), whereas mean ADC value was lower in RM1 than RM2 (P  <  0.001), with a significant percentage decrease of values after the treatment (P  <  0.005).The best predictors cut-off values for TRG response were SUV(max) of 4.4 and ADC of 1.28     10(3)  mm(2)/s with sensitivity, specificity accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive values of 77.3%, 88.9%, 80.7%, 61.5%, and 94.4%, respectively. We conclude from the overall data of this study that the absolute values of SUV(max) and ADC of @entity75 after CRT were the best parameters to define the response to treatment, by differentiating @entity82 from viable @entity5 tissue.

Response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced XXXX : assessment with diffusion-weighted MR imaging and 18FDG PET/CT.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity22576 :: ('7197', 'Gene') :: ['TRG3'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis'] @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['18F-FDG'] @entity7487 :: ('1489', 'Gene') :: ['CT1'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer', 'tumors'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['rectal lesion'] @entity17198 :: ('7195', 'Gene') :: ['TRG1'] @entity18246 :: ('30848', 'Gene') :: ['CT2'] @entity17199 :: ('7196', 'Gene') :: ['TRG2']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']
