OBJECTIVE: Functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies suggest that @entity1 cortex shows evidence of neuroplasticity. Preclinical studies in @entity35 and monkeys suggest that motor cortical stimulation can enhance plasticity and improve recovery after @entity64 . This study assesses the safety and preliminary efficacy of targeted subthreshold epidural cortical stimulation delivered concurrently with intensive rehabilitation therapy while using an investigational device in @entity1 with chronic @entity64 . METHODS: This is a prospective, multicenter, and nonblinded trial randomizing @entity1 to rehabilitation with or without cortical stimulation. @entity1 aged 20 to 75 years who had had an @entity385 at least 4 months previously causing persistent moderate @entity425 of the arm were included. Functional magnetic resonance imaging localized hand motor function before surgery to place an epidural cortical electrode. Both groups then underwent rehabilitation for 3 weeks after which the electrode was removed. Outcome measures were obtained at baseline, during therapy, and at 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postprocedure. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 were randomized; six @entity1 to surgery, four to the control group. No @entity1 @entity16 , or @entity410 occurred. There were two infections from nonprotocol-related causes. Of the eight @entity1 completing the treatment, the stimulation plus rehabilitation group improved significantly better than controls in the Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer (P = 0.003 overall) and the hand function score of the @entity64 Impact Scale (P = 0.001 overall). CONCLUSION: The technique of cortical stimulation to enhance @entity64 recovery is well tolerated and safe.

Motor cortex stimulation for the enhancement of recovery from XXXX : a prospective, multicenter safety study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'hemiparetic stroke', 'Stroke'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['deaths, neurological deterioration'] @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']
@entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']
