Considerable evidence exists that bacteria detect eukaryotic communication molecules and modify their virulence accordingly. In previous studies, it has been demonstrated that the increasingly antibiotic-resistant pathogen @entity796 can detect the @entity1 hormones @entity3876 ( @entity3876 ) and @entity21695 ( @entity21695 ) at micromolar concentrations. In response, the bacterium modifies its behavior to adapt to the host physiology, increasing its overall virulence. The possibility of identifying the bacterial sensor for these hormones and interfering with this sensing mechanism offers an exciting opportunity to directly affect the @entity281 process. Here, we show that @entity3876 and @entity21695 strongly decrease @entity796 biofilm formation. @entity1849 , an antagonist of @entity1 natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR), prevents this effect. Furthermore, the @entity1 @entity15580 receptor agonist cANF(4-23) mimics the effects of natriuretic peptides on @entity796 , while sANP, the @entity13380 receptor agonist, appears to be weakly active. We show in silico that @entity15580 , a preferential @entity21695 receptor, and the @entity796 protein AmiC have similar three-dimensional (3D) structures and that both @entity21695 and @entity1849 bind to AmiC. We demonstrate that @entity21695 acts as an AmiC agonist, enhancing the expression of the ami operon in @entity796 . Binding of @entity21695 and @entity15580 agonists to AmiC was confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Finally, using an amiC mutant strain, we demonstrated that AmiC is essential for @entity21695 effects on biofilm formation. In conclusion, the AmiC bacterial sensor possesses structural and pharmacological profiles similar to those of the @entity1 @entity15580 receptor and appears to be a bacterial receptor for @entity1 hormones that enables @entity796 to modulate biofilm expression. IMPORTANCE: The bacterium @entity796 is a highly dangerous opportunist pathogen for immunocompromised hosts, especially cystic @entity82 @entity1 . The sites of @entity796 @entity281 are varied, with predominance in the @entity1 lung, in which bacteria are in contact with host molecular messengers such as hormones. The @entity21695 ( @entity21695 ), a hormone produced by lung cells, has been described as a bacterial virulence enhancer. In this study, we showed that the @entity21695 hormone counteracts @entity796 biofilm formation and we identified the bacterial protein AmiC as the sensor involved in the @entity21695 effects. We showed that AmiC could bind specifically @entity21695 . These results show for the first time that a @entity1 hormone could be sensed by bacteria through a specific protein, which is an ortholog of the @entity1 receptor @entity15580 . The bacterium would be able to modify its lifestyle by favoring virulence factor production while reducing biofilm formation.

XXXX Expresses a Functional @entity1 Natriuretic Peptide Receptor Ortholog: Involvement in Biofilm Formation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients'] @entity21695 :: ('4880', 'Gene') :: ['CNP', 'C-type natriuretic peptide'] @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P.  aeruginosa'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis'] @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['BNP', 'brain natriuretic peptide'] @entity15580 :: ('4883', 'Gene') :: ['NPR-C'] @entity13380 :: ('4881', 'Gene') :: ['NPR-A'] @entity1849 :: ('MESH:D007510', 'Chemical') :: ['isatin', 'Isatin'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']
@entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']
