BACKGROUND/AIMS: In our earlier studies, we reported high concentrations of intra- and extracellular @entity460 ions ( @entity141 ) in the deeper epidermis of @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and associated @entity111 . To determine the cause of this phenomenon, we measured total @entity460 (TCa) concentrations in the deeper epidermis and performed immunostaining of epidermal albumin, which binds to @entity141 . METHODS: This study included 45 @entity1 with @entity740 -stage 5, which was defined as severely reduced kidney function (i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 15 mL/min or on dialysis). Subjects were divided into the @entity111 group, consisting of @entity1 with mild, moderate, or severe @entity1381 , and the non- @entity111 group, consisting of @entity1 with no or slight @entity111 . The particle-induced X- @entity16039 emission method was used to measure elements including TCa. Furthermore, we have immunostained epidermal albumin using anti-albumin antibodies and compared the results in the @entity111 and non- @entity111 groups. RESULTS: The TCa concentration in the spinous layer of @entity1 with @entity740 with @entity740 -associated @entity111 was lower than in @entity1 with @entity740 without @entity111 (median [range], 395 [235-1,063] vs. 476 [342-1,243]  g/g). The intensity of epidermal albumin expression in the spinous layer was weaker in @entity1 with @entity740 with @entity740 -associated @entity111 than in those without. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity740 with @entity740 -associated @entity111 demonstrated higher @entity141 concentrations but lower TCa concentrations than @entity1 without @entity740 -associated @entity111 . This could be in part due to low concentrations of epidermal albumin, which binds to @entity141 , in those with @entity740 -associated @entity111 . These results clarify the pathophysiology of @entity740 -associated @entity111 , providing a valuable foundation for the future development of treatments for this condition.

Total @entity460 and Albumin Are Decreased in the Deeper Epidermis of @entity1 with XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity16039 :: ('255564', 'Species') :: ['ray'] @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease'] @entity111 :: ('MESH:D011537', 'Disease') :: ['pruritus'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['uremic pruritus'] @entity141 :: ('CHEBI:29108', 'Chemical') :: ['Ca2+']
@entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus']
