UNASSIGNED: In @entity35 , variations in the levels of neuromodulatory molecules and in the expression of their receptors are observed during pregnancy and postpartum. These changes may contribute to the development and management of maternal behavior. The frequency of licking the pups is used to evaluate maternal care, having mothers with low licking (LL) and @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) frequencies. Previously, we found that @entity2101 had increased levels of transcriptional expression of the receptors for @entity750 ( @entity10463 , @entity29235 ), @entity172 (Era), @entity935 ( @entity2255 ), and prolactin ( @entity34858 ) than LL in the olfactory bulb (OB); however, the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon are unknown. Since evidences pointed out that epigenetic marks, which may alter gene expression, are modulated by environmental factors such as exercise, diet, maternal care, and xenobiotic exposure, our objective was to verify the acetylation levels of histone-H4 in the OB of LL and @entity2101 @entity35 . Maternal behavior was studied for the first 7 postpartum days. LL (n  =  4) and @entity2101 (n  =  5) mothers were selected according to the behavior of licking their pups. Acetylation levels of histone-H4 were determined using the Global Histone-H4 Acetylation Assay Kit and expressed as ng/mg protein (mean      SD). Analysis revealed that @entity2101 (278.36      68.95) had increased H4 acetylation levels than LL (183.24      73.05; p  =  0.045). The enhanced expression of the previously studied receptors in the OB could be related, at least in part, to the hyperacetylation status of histone-H4 here observed. Afterward, the modulation of histone acetylation levels could exert a pivotal role through molecular mechanisms involved in the different patterns of maternal behavior.

Global Histone H4 Acetylation in the Olfactory Bulb of Lactating XXXX with Different Patterns of Maternal Behavior.

@entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine'] @entity10463 :: ('24473(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['HTR1a'] @entity34858 :: ('24684(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Prlr'] @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high licking', 'HL'] @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin'] @entity29235 :: ('25075(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['HTR1b'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity2255 :: ('24316(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['D1a']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']
