INTRODUCTION: The term " @entity600 of cortical development" ( @entity6795 ) has come into the medical lexicon in the past 20  years as improvements and availability of advanced imaging techniques have permitted more precise diagnosis of a variety of @entity75 that affect large regions of brain. These conditions are united by their propensity to elicit @entity410 that are difficult to control with medication in the @entity1 who suffer them. PURPOSE: The goal of surgical intervention is always to achieve @entity410 freedom and thereby give the affected @entity1 the best possible hope for neurological development. Even when @entity410 freedom cannot be achieved, a reduction in @entity410 burden is necessary to permit the survival of the @entity1 in many cases of @entity6795 . EVALUATION: A presurgical evaluation of a @entity1 presenting with severe @entity302 and a possible @entity600 can be divided into three stages. The first includes an evaluation of available imaging, clinical, and genetic data to accurately diagnose the @entity1 and help determine if surgical intervention is an option. The next includes an evaluation of EEG and neurological data, although this has limited utility in many clinical circumstances. Finally, a clinical team must decide upon an appropriate surgical strategy among a variety of options. CONCLUSIONS: In this review, we will examine the set of diagnoses and associated imaging characteristics that describe the set of conditions for which surgical intervention is a possibility. We include a discussion of available surgical options, describing our own experience with surgery for @entity6795 and the associated postoperative considerations including rates of @entity410 freedom, considerations for reoperation, and @entity1276 .

XXXX of cortical development: surgical indications and approach.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'child'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures'] @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain developmental disorders'] @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['hemispheric malformation'] @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['MCD'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']
@entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['Hemispheric malformations']
