The underlying mechanisms responsible for the development of @entity263 ( @entity263 ) in @entity1 who have undergone @entity342 deprivation therapy are not fully understood. This is the first study to address whether b2-adrenergic receptor ( @entity2162 )- mediated signaling may affect @entity263 progression in vivo. By immunohistochemical analyses, we observed that low levels of @entity2162 is associated with a more rapid development of @entity263 in a Norwegian @entity1 cohort. To elucidate mechanisms by which @entity2162 may affect @entity263 development, we stably transfected LNCaP cells with shRNAs to mimic low and high expression of @entity2162 . Two @entity858 -glucuronosyltransferases, @entity20986 and @entity20987 , involved in phase II metabolism of @entity3800 , were strongly downregulated in two LNCaP shADRB2 cell lines. The low- @entity2162 LNCaP cell lines displayed lowered glucuronidation activities towards @entity3800 than high- @entity2162 cells. Furthermore, increased levels of @entity251 and enhanced @entity342 responsiveness were observed in LNCaP cells expressing low level of @entity2162 . Interestingly, these cells grew faster than high- @entity2162 LNCaP cells, and sustained their low glucuronidation activity in castrated NOD/ @entity915 @entity19 . @entity2162 immunohistochemical staining intensity correlated with @entity20986 staining intensity in independent TMA studies and with @entity20987 in one TMA study. Similar to @entity2162 , we show that low levels of @entity20986 are associated with a more rapid @entity263 progression. We propose a novel mechanism by which @entity2162 may affect the development of @entity263 through downregulation of @entity20986 and @entity20987 .

Low b2-adrenergic receptor level may promote development of castration resistant XXXX and altered steroid metabolism.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity2162 :: ('154', 'Gene') :: ['ADRB2'] @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone'] @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['castration-resistant prostate cancer', 'CRPC'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity858 :: ('MESH:D014530', 'Chemical') :: ['UDP'] @entity20987 :: ('7367', 'Gene') :: ['UGT2B17'] @entity915 :: ('MESH:D053632', 'Disease') :: ['SCID'] @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen'] @entity20986 :: ('7366', 'Gene') :: ['UGT2B15'] @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']
@entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']
