BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Influenza virus infections are serious public health concerns worldwide that cause considerable mortality and morbidity. Moreover, the emergence of resistance to anti- @entity683 viral agents underscores the need to develop new anti- @entity683 viral agents and novel treatment strategies. Recently, we identified anti- @entity683 viral activity of manuka honey. Therefore, we hypothesized that @entity14625 ( @entity11999 ), a key component of manuka honey, may impart anti- @entity683 viral activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti- @entity683 viral activity of @entity11999 and its potential in combination treatments with neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors. METHODS: MDCK cells were used to evaluate anti- @entity683 viral activity. To evaluate the mechanism of @entity11999 , plaque inhibition assays were performed. The synergistic effects of @entity11999 and viral NA inhibitors were tested. RESULTS: @entity11999 inhibited @entity683 virus A/ @entity20622 /33 replication 50% inhibitory concentration  = 240    190  mol; 50% cytotoxic concentration  = 1.4    0.4 mmol; selective index (SI)  = 5.8, which is related to its virucidal effects. Moreover, we found that @entity11999 showed promising activity against various @entity683 strains. A synergistic effect was observed by a marked increase in SI of NA inhibitors at    1/100(th) of their single usage. A synergistic effect of @entity11999 and @entity684 was also observed against @entity684 -resistant virus. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that @entity11999 has potent inhibitory activity against @entity683 viruses and also enhanced the effect of NA inhibitors. Thus, the co-administration of @entity11999 and NA inhibitors should be considered for treatment of @entity778 .

In  Vitro Evaluation of Synergistic Inhibitory Effects of Neuraminidase Inhibitors and XXXX Against Influenza @entity778 .

@entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza virus infections'] @entity14625 :: ('MESH:D011765', 'Chemical') :: ['methylglyoxal'] @entity684 :: ('MESH:D053139', 'Chemical') :: ['oseltamivir'] @entity20622 :: ('MESH:C537179', 'Disease') :: ['WSN'] @entity11999 :: ('CHEBI:31794', 'Chemical') :: ['MGO'] @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']
@entity14625 :: (MESH:D011765,Chemical) :: ['Methylglyoxal']
