BACKGROUND: Heightened surveillance of @entity221 in China since 2009 has led to the identification of a severe @entity221 with @entity882 (SFTS) with an unknown cause. Infection with @entity4210 has been suggested as a cause, but the pathogen has not been detected in most @entity1 on laboratory testing. METHODS: We obtained blood samples from @entity1 with the case definition of SFTS in six provinces in China. The blood samples were used to isolate the causal pathogen by inoculation of cell culture and for detection of viral RNA on polymerase-chain-reaction assay. The pathogen was characterized on electron microscopy and nucleic acid sequencing. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and neutralization testing to analyze the level of virus-specific antibody in patients' serum samples. RESULTS: We isolated a novel virus, designated SFTS bunyavirus, from @entity1 who presented with @entity221 , @entity882 , @entity1431 , and @entity409 . RNA sequence analysis revealed that the virus was a newly identified member of the genus phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family. Electron-microscopical examination revealed virions with the morphologic characteristics of a bunyavirus. The presence of the virus was confirmed in 171 @entity1 with SFTS from six provinces by detection of viral RNA, specific antibodies to the virus in blood, or both. Serologic assays showed a virus-specific immune response in all 35 pairs of serum samples collected from @entity1 during the acute and convalescent phases of the illness. CONCLUSIONS: A novel phlebovirus was identified in @entity1 with a life-threatening illness associated with @entity221 and @entity882 in China. (Funded by the China Mega-Project for @entity166 and others.).

Fever with XXXX associated with a novel bunyavirus in China.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia syndrome', 'thrombocytopenia'] @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan dysfunction'] @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['Infectious Diseases'] @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytopenia'] @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['fever', 'acute febrile illness'] @entity4210 :: ('948', 'Species') :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']
@entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']
