BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown a relationship between cigarette smoking and general diseases of the nose in a large Asian population. The current study was conducted to better understand the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on @entity66 in Koreans. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of the noninstitutionalized population in Korea. Of the 37,753 @entity1 surveyed, 11,589 adult @entity1 had completed questionnaires on rhinologic symptoms and smoking behaviors, had undergone nasal endoscopy, and had provided urine collection were enrolled. @entity66 investigated in this study included subjective @entity4838 , @entity2490 , @entity102 ( @entity102 ), and @entity5381 with obstructive symptoms. The relationship between disease and cigarette smoking was evaluated using multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: In South Korea, the weighted prevalence of subjective @entity4838 , @entity2490 , @entity102 , and @entity5381 with obstructive symptoms was 4.6%, 27.2%, 6.2%, and 4.0%, respectively. The only disease significantly associated with active smoking was @entity102 in @entity1 40 years of age and older after adjusting for age, sex, residency, house income, education, and occupation (adjusted odds ratio = 1.427, 95% confidence interval = 1.050 to 1.938). For each year of active smoking, @entity102 prevalence increased by 1.5%. None of the @entity66 examined were associated with passive smoking. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that @entity102 seems to be associated with active smoking in older @entity1 . Considering the relatively high prevalence of @entity102 in @entity3057 researches for their association and prevention are required.

Effects of cigarette smoking on XXXX : Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Rhinologic diseases', 'rhinologic diseases'] @entity5381 :: ('MESH:D061270', 'Disease') :: ['nasal septal deviation'] @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis', 'CRS'] @entity2490 :: ('MESH:D012220', 'Disease') :: ['rhinitis symptoms'] @entity4838 :: ('MESH:D000857', 'Disease') :: ['olfactory dysfunction'] @entity3057 :: ('MESH:D017887', 'Disease') :: ['Korea, further longitudinal']
@entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['rhinologic diseases']
