The study reports the frequency of @entity277 and the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in feeding adult ticks detached from @entity291 in two climatic zones of the Black Sea region of @entity233 . A total of 2160 adult ticks were collected during 2007-2008. Of these, 1062 were randomly selected, divided into 224 pools, and tested for the presence of @entity291 Theileria, @entity743 , and Anaplasma species. Eleven tick species were recognized on @entity291 in the study. Hyalomma marginatum was widely disrubuted in the semi-arid bioclimatic zone, but few specimens were collected in the humid bioclimatic zone. The most prevalent tick species in the humid climatic zone was Ixodes ricinus. Infection rates were calculated as the maximum likelihood estimation with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 4% (CI 2.87-5.44) of 224 tick pools were found to be positive for the pathoges by Reverse line blot. Maximum likelihood estimation of the @entity281 rate varied among tick species, ranging from 2.68% (CI 0.16-12.68) in Haemaphysalis sulcata to 10.49% (CI 4.07-23.66) in Rhipicephalus bursa. The most prevalent tick-borne pathogen was @entity4210 at 6.78% (CI 3.41-12.18) followed by A. centrale (6.56%, CI 0.42-31.47), Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp. (3.61%, CI 1.99-6.06), @entity743 spp. (3.33%, CI 1.65-6.03), and T. buffeli/orientalis (2.71%, CI 0.73-7.18). Sequencing results indicated that @entity743 spp. shared 99% to 100% similarity with the unnamed @entity743 sp. Kashi 1 and 2, @entity743 sp. Kayseri 1 and @entity743 sp.CS58. Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp. were 98% and 100% identical to @entity4209 and Ehrlichia sp. Omatjenne strain, respectively.

A survey of ixodid ticks feeding on XXXX and prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in the Black Sea region of @entity233 .

@entity4209 :: ('944', 'Species') :: ['Ehrlichia canis'] @entity233 :: ('9103', 'Species') :: ['Turkey'] @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['infestation'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection'] @entity743 :: ('MESH:D001404', 'Disease') :: ['Babesia'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cattle', 'bovine'] @entity4210 :: ('948', 'Species') :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']
@entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cattle']
