A review of the treatment of @entity1152 ( @entity1152 ) was undertaken to examine current methods of management and to ascertain the influence of prematurity and associated medical defects on survival. One hundred @entity1 with @entity1152 presented at The @entity1 's Orthopedic Hospital and Medical Center, Seattle, between 1967 and 1979. Eighty-two percent had a blind proximal esophageal pouch and @entity4501 ( @entity4501 ). Ninety-two @entity1 were initially treated by gastrostomy. Fifty-nine @entity1 were born at term and had no major medical problems. They underwent either primary or delayed (up to 1 week) repair of the esophagus. The survival rate was 93% and surgical mortality was 3%. Twenty-two @entity1 born prematurely or having major medical problems underwent a staged repair. Survival in the staged group was 55% with a surgical mortality of 27%. Overall survival for the entire series was 79% (79/100). The use of air rather than contrast material for the radiographic diagnosis of @entity1152 was associated with fewer subsequent @entity358 . There was an 18% incidence of minor @entity834 , regardless of technique. The route of approach (transpleural, retropleural) did not influence mortality or morbidity in this series. There were more than three times as many significant strictures among @entity1 who had double-layer anastomoses (18%) as among those who had single-layer repairs (5%). The surgical treatment of @entity1 with @entity1152 has reached a level in which associated @entity154 , or prematurity are now the most significant determinants of survival.

@entity1152 and XXXX . Review of thirteen years' experience.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'infants'] @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['illness, anomalies'] @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leaks'] @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['TEF', 'distal tracheoesophageal fistula'] @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia', 'EA'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary abnormalities']
@entity4501 :: (MESH:D014138,Disease) :: ['tracheoesophageal fistula']
