OBJECTIVE:     To analyze indications and outcomes for primary premaxillary setback. DESIGN:     Retrospective. SETTING:     Academic @entity1 's hospital. @entity1 :     All @entity1 with @entity3384 age  <=2 years of age who had premaxillary setback by one surgeon (1992 to 2011). RESULTS:     Twenty-five @entity1 with @entity3384 underwent primary premaxillary setback at an average age of 9 months; the mean follow-up was 47 months. There were three indications: failed dentofacial orthopedics (n = 9), delayed referral precluding manipulation (n = 10), and intact secondary alate (n = 6). Of 19 @entity1 with @entity3384 , primary setback was combined with nasolabial repair (n = 11), adhesions (n = 2), or palatoplasty (n = 6). @entity1 who had nasolabial closure and setback were significantly younger than those who had combined palatal closure and setback (6.5 versus 16 months, P = .01). No @entity1 exhibited postoperative premaxillary instability. Serial anthropometry showed similar growth of nasolabial features after both primary setback (n = 9) and active dentofacial orthopedics (n = 35). CONCLUSIONS:     Primary premaxillary ostectomy and setback permits synchronous bilateral nasolabial-alveolar closure or alveolar-palatal repair in a @entity1 with intact secondary palate. This procedure should be considered whenever dentofacial orthopedics cannot be accomplished. Speech is paramount in an older @entity1 ; setback with palatal closure is scheduled before nasolabial repair. Disturbance of midfacial growth is likely following primary premaxillary ostectomy and setback in @entity1 with @entity3384 ; however, most already need maxillary advancement. Furthermore, premaxillary setback permits proper primary nasolabial design and construction in appreciation of expected changes with growth.

Primary Premaxillary Setback and Repair of XXXX : Indications, Technique, and Outcomes.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'child'] @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral complete cleft lip', 'bilateral complete cleft lip/palate']
@entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip']
