BACKGROUND: @entity1 hospitalised with an exacerbation of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) often receive antibiotics in addition to intravenous @entity230 . However, their efficacy in this setting is unclear. AIM: To ascertain if the addition of antibiotics to intravenous @entity230 modifies short and long-term clinical outcomes. METHODS: Our study included @entity29 @entity1 hospitalised between 2009 and 2014 who received intravenous (IV) @entity230 with or without adjuvant antibiotics. Outcomes of interest included length of stay (LOS), need for medical and surgical rescue therapy during the hospitalisation, and at 90 and 365 days. A meta-analysis of previously published randomised trials was additionally performed. RESULTS: A total of 354 @entity1 were included [145 @entity31 ( @entity31 ); 209 @entity30 ( @entity30 )]. In @entity30 , combination of IV @entity230 and antibiotics did not change need for in-hospital medical rescue therapy, surgery or hospitalisations at 1 year but was associated with greater LOS (6.1 vs. 4.6 days, P = 0.02). In @entity31 , patients receiving antibiotics were less likely to require in-hospital medical rescue therapy [odds ratio (OR): 0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.19-0.93] but experienced no statistically significant differences in LOS, in-hospital surgery, re-hospitalisations or surgery by 1 year. A meta-analysis of three relevant randomised trials demonstrated no difference in clinical improvement with antibiotics over placebo (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.50-2.32). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of antibiotics to intravenous @entity230 for treatment of @entity29 exacerbations was associated with a reduced need for in-hospital medical rescue therapy in @entity31 without significant long-term benefit, and did not affect short- or long-term outcomes in @entity30 .

Adjuvant use of antibiotics with corticosteroids in XXXX exacerbations requiring hospitalisation: a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC'] @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD'] @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids'] @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]
@entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']
