The efficacy and safety of low internal cardioversion for the reduction of @entity955 was assessed prospectively in 104 consecutive @entity1 . Sixty-two @entity1 had chronic @entity955 (Group I). 16 @entity1 had @entity955 (Group II) and 26 @entity1 had induced @entity955 (Group III). The average duration of the current episode of @entity955 was 9 +/- 19 months in Group I, 4 +/- 2 days in Group II and 18 +/- 7 minutes in Group III. Two @entity4615 catheters were used, one (the cathode) in the right atrium and the other in the coronary sinus or left branch of the pulmonary artery (anode). These catheters were connected to an external defibrillator delivering biphasic 3/3 ms shocks with a voltage which could be programmed from 10 to 400 volts. The shocks were synchronised on the R wave. Sinus rhythm was restored in 44 of the 62 @entity1 in Group I (70%), 12 of the 16 @entity1 in Group II (75%) and 20 of the 26 @entity1 in Group III (77%). The average voltages and energies restoring sinus rhythm were 300 +/- 68 volts and 3.5 +/- 1.5 joules respectively in Group I, 245 +/- 72 volts and 2.0 +/- 2.9 joules in Group II, and 270 +/- 67 volts and 2.6 +/- 1.2 joules in Group III. These results show that the energy required to restore sinus rhythm is significantly greater in @entity1 with chronic @entity955 than in @entity1 with paroxysmal or induced @entity955 . There were no ventricular proarrhythmic effects in the 686 shocks synchronised on the R wave. This study shows that internal cardioversion of @entity955 is feasible with low energies under simple sedation. These results support the concept of an implantable @entity955 .

[Cardioversion of XXXX with low energy internal electric shock].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity4615 :: ('MESH:C538262', 'Disease') :: ['intracardiac defibrillation'] @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'paroxysmal atrial fibrillation', 'atrial defibrillator']
@entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']
