OBJECTIVE: @entity12288 ( @entity12288 ) is a reticulated discoloration of the skin, particularly on lower extremities. Few treatment options are reported. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of @entity576 ( @entity576 ) in idiopathic @entity12288 . The key technique points of @entity576 are also illustrated in detail. METHODS: @entity1 with idiopathic @entity12288 with a strong desire for treatment were recruited during a 2.5-year period. L3-4 CLSs were performed with 5% @entity3971 (2  mL) in each injection site. The needle tip extends to approximately one-third of the vertical dividing line of the vertebral body. The contrast along the psoas muscle fibers indicates targeting on gray rami communicans instead of the sympathetic trunk. The primary efficacy variable was achieving "clear or almost clear" of @entity12288 staying >1  hour in a 24  C air-conditioned room. Safety assessments included monitoring and recording of all adverse events and tolerability to treatment. The follow-up period was 2.5 to 4.7  years. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 (median age, 22  years) were enrolled. Seven @entity1 achieved "clear or almost clear" of @entity12288 after @entity576 . The postoperative skin surface temperature increase was 7.4  C     2.6  C. Two @entity1 achieved "major partially resolved," and one @entity1 achieved "minor partially resolved." Two of the seven with "clear or almost clear" results reported recurrence  <=1  year during the follow-up, @entity576 was repeated, and they then achieved "clear or almost clear" again. Two @entity1 reported mild @entity158 localized to the thigh area, which resolved spontaneously by the second day. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed @entity576 provides a valid option for the treatment of idiopathic @entity12288 . The efficacy of @entity576 can be long-lasting, and @entity576 can be repeated if @entity12288 recurs. Targeting at gray rami communicans, rather than the sympathetic trunk, is comparably effective and safer for sympathetic interruption.

Chemical lumbar sympathectomy in the treatment of XXXX .

@entity576 :: ('MESH:D064419', 'Disease') :: ['CLS', 'chemical lumbar sympathectomy'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'women', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity3971 :: ('MESH:D019800', 'Chemical') :: ['phenol'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain'] @entity12288 :: ('MESH:D054068', 'Disease') :: ['LR lesions', 'Livedo reticularis', 'LR']
@entity12288 :: (MESH:D054068,Disease) :: ['idiopathic livedo reticularis']
