Exosomes are small membrane vesicles secreted into the extracellular environment by various types of cells, including @entity5 cells. Exosomes are enriched with a discrete set of cellular proteins, and therefore expected to exert diverse biological functions according to cell origin. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the potential for differentiation into multilineages and can also function as precursors for @entity5 stroma including myofibroblast that provides a favorable environment for @entity5 progression. Although a close relationship between @entity5 cells and MSCs in a @entity5 microenvironment has already been revealed, how this communication works is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the influence of @entity5 cell-derived exosomes on MSCs by treating adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs) with @entity0 -derived exosomes. The exosome-treated ADSCs exhibited the phenotypes of @entity5 -associated myofibroblasts with increased expression of @entity1970 . Exosome treatment also induced increased expression of @entity5 -promoting factors @entity1570 , @entity7 , @entity5737 and @entity2533 . This phenomenon was correlated with increased expression of @entity2534 . Analysis of @entity2536 , a key player in the @entity2533 receptor-mediated SMAD pathway, revealed that its phosphorylation was increased by exosome treatment and was inhibited by treatment with @entity21795 , an inhibitor of the SMAD-mediated pathway, resulting in decreased expression of @entity1970 . Taken together, our results show that @entity5 -derived exosomes induced the myofibroblastic phenotype and functionality in ADSCs via the SMAD-mediated signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study suggests that @entity5 -derived exosomes can contribute to progression and malignancy of @entity5 cells by converting MSCs within @entity5 stroma into @entity5 -associated myofibroblasts in the @entity5 microenvironment.

Exosomes from XXXX cells can convert adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblast-like cells.

@entity5737 :: ('6352', 'Gene') :: ['CCL5'] @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer'] @entity2534 :: ('7048', 'Gene') :: ['TGFb receptor I and II'] @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['VEGF'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplastic tumor'] @entity1570 :: ('6387', 'Gene') :: ['SDF-1'] @entity2536 :: ('4087', 'Gene') :: ['SMAD2'] @entity1970 :: ('58', 'Gene') :: ['a-SMA'] @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGFb'] @entity21795 :: ('MESH:C459179', 'Chemical') :: ['SB431542']
@entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']
