During a six-year period (1979 to 1984), the technique of hypothermic @entity1167 was used to operate on 128 @entity1 . Our technique included induction of @entity2332 (20 degrees to 24 degrees C) by femoral artery cannulation for return of oxygenated blood, "open" aortic reconstruction, and brief periods of @entity1167 (range, 5 to 31 minutes; mean, 13 minutes). Eighty @entity1 had dissecting @entity439 of the ascending aorta (42 acute, 38 chronic), 28 had fusiform aortic arch @entity439 , and 13 had annulo-aortic @entity4122 . Seven had other procedures. Ages ranged from 14 to 79 years (mean, 54 years). Of the 113 @entity1 (88%) who survived the operation and were discharged, 107 are currently alive and well. Only 15 of the 21 @entity204 occurred within 30 days of operation, and 5 (33%) were in severely @entity551 @entity1 whose operations were begun during active resuscitation. Of the 80 @entity1 admitted with ascending aortic or arch dissection, an in-hospital mortality of 7.5% was achieved. A marked reduction was observed in such complications as @entity86 , @entity177 , and @entity338 with our current hypothermic perfusion methods. Moreover, none of the five @entity16 could be attributed to anoxic @entity131 during the period of @entity1167 . This experience indicates that moderate levels of @entity2332 provide adequate cerebral protection for most cardiovascular procedures, and our results encourage continued use of this method.

Hypothermic XXXX for cardiovascular lesions: technical considerations and results.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral injury'] @entity4122 :: ('MESH:D004108', 'Disease') :: ['ectasia'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive'] @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure'] @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency'] @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms'] @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hemorrhage'] @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths'] @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']
@entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['circulatory arrest']
