OBJECTIVE: To develop an animal model to examine the pathophysiology by which S3 sacral root electrostimulation alters the micturition reflex in @entity1 with @entity1494 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chronic sacral nerve root electrostimulation was applied to spinally transected @entity35 ; 21 animals were divided into four groups. The spinal cord was completely transected at the T10-11 level and stainless-steel electrodes implanted into the sacral foramen in 17 animals; these animals were subsequently divided into two groups (1 and 2). Six @entity35 in group 1 underwent sacral root elctrostimulation for 2 h/day and five in group 2 for 6 h/day, for 21 days. The sham group (group 3, six @entity35 ) received no stimulation and four @entity35 were used as healthy controls (group 4). Voiding frequency was recorded and each animal was evaluated cystometrically at the end of the stimulation period. The results were compared with the sham and control groups. RESULTS: Spinal cord transection resulted in @entity1494 and complete urinary retention; 7-9 days after the injury, the bladder recovered its activity. Twenty-one days after transection all animals had evidence of uninhibited bladder contractions. The mean (SD) hourly frequency of urination was 0.66 (0.18) in healthy controls, 0.83 (0.21) in group 1, 0.87 (0.34) in group 2 and 1.1 (0.31) in group 3. There was a significant decrease in eh cystometric signs of @entity1494 in groups 1 and 2 when compared with group 3. CONCLUSIONS: This work reports and initial study showing that chronic electrostimulation of sacral nerve roots can reduce the signs of @entity1494 in the spinally injured @entity35 . To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the @entity35 as an animal model to determine the effects of chronic electrostimulation on the micturition reflex.

An animal model for the neuromodulation of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats'] @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder areflexia', 'bladder hyper-reflexia']
@entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['neurogenic bladder dysfunction']
