BACKGROUND: Postanesthetic shivering develops in as many as one half of @entity1 recovering from @entity5161 anesthesia. Cholinergic stimulation of the @entity2339 and adrenal medulla by @entity2607 enhances secretion of @entity5463 , @entity1425 , and @entity1063 . Because the hypothalamus is the dominant thermoregulatory controller in mammals, and these neurotransmitters may be involved in body temperature control, @entity2607 administration may influence the incidence of shivering. Accordingly, the authors tested the hypothesis that @entity2607 administration inhibits postanesthetic shivering. Its efficacy was compared with that of saline (negative control) and @entity6882 and @entity1338 (positive controls). METHODS: Sixty @entity1 having surgery of the ear or nose were tested. General anesthesia was induced with 2 mg/kg @entity1875 , 0.1 mg/kg @entity3369 , and 1.5 microg/kg @entity3575 and maintained with @entity5161 (1.5 +/- 0.4%) in 70% @entity3810 . At the end of surgery, the @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous bolus of 0.04 mg/kg @entity2607 , isotonic saline, 0.5 mg/kg @entity6882 , or 1.5 microg/kg @entity1338 . Heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, @entity26 saturation, visual analog @entity158 score, temperature, and postanesthetic shivering were measured during recovery. RESULTS: Postanesthetic shivering occurred in 6 of 15 (40%) @entity1 given saline. In contrast, postanesthetic shivering was significantly reduced in @entity2607 -treated @entity1 (1 of 15, or 7%) and was absent in @entity1 given @entity1338 or @entity6882 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity2607 inhibited shivering as well as did two established treatments, @entity6882 and @entity1338 . These data suggest that cholinergic systems contribute to the genesis and control of postanesthetic shivering.

@entity2607 prevents postanesthetic shivering as does XXXX or @entity1338 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine'] @entity5463 :: ('MESH:D001127', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine vasopressin'] @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine'] @entity3369 :: ('MESH:D014673', 'Chemical') :: ['vecuronium'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['meperidine'] @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis'] @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol'] @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain'] @entity2607 :: ('MESH:D010830', 'Chemical') :: ['physostigmine', 'Physostigmine'] @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine'] @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']
@entity6882 :: (MESH:D008614,Chemical) :: ['meperidine']
