BACKGROUND: @entity11876 may occur by itself or together with other craniofacial @entity600 , most commonly @entity2419 . @entity11876 may be also seen in association with @entity48438 and/or various degrees of craniofacial duplication. The nosology of these @entity2526 is poorly defined. CASE AND REVIEW: We report on a 22-week fetus with a protruding nasopharyngeal @entity44 , partial oral duplication, @entity10413 , multiple costo- @entity1347 , and cervical diplomyelia. A review of the literature identified 48 @entity1 published from 1931 to 2013 with co-existing clefting and duplication anomalies of the cephalic pole. @entity1514 and @entity601 were reported 13 times. CONCLUSION: The term "craniofacial @entity44 " is introduced to define this phenotype as a recognizable developmental field defect of the cephalic pole. Developmental pathogenesis is discussed with a focus on pleiotropy and stereotaxis. The observation of midline findings suggestive of @entity10146 in a few previously reported cases suggests a role for the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in this @entity600 pattern. @entity600 Research (Part A) 103:554-566, 2015.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

XXXX , oral duplication, cervical diplomyelia and @entity10413 in a 22-week fetus: A review of the craniofacial @entity44 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity48438 :: ('MESH:C538065', 'Disease') :: ['frontonasal dysplasia'] @entity11876 :: ('MESH:D009959', 'Disease') :: ['Oropharyngeal teratoma'] @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral segmentation defects'] @entity1514 :: ('MESH:D013896', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic'] @entity10413 :: ('MESH:D000757', 'Disease') :: ['anencephaly'] @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation', 'Birth Defects'] @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic disorders'] @entity10146 :: ('MESH:D016142', 'Disease') :: ['holoprosencephaly'] @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal midline anomalies'] @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['cleft palate'] @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma', 'teratoma syndrome']
@entity11876 :: (MESH:D009959,Disease) :: ['Oropharyngeal teratoma']
