The Frank system vectorcardiogram has been studied in 61 @entity1 with severe @entity339 to determine the value of the vectorcardiogram in the recognition of the relative degree of left and @entity8158 in this situation. The appearance of the usual evidence of @entity8158 is delayed in @entity339 by the vertical electrical position of the heart which may be due to alterations in the intrathoracic electrical field produced by @entity4032 . Voltage criteria for the recognition of isolated left or @entity8158 in the vectorcardiogram are not applicable to combined @entity123 in @entity339 . The present analysis is based on the spatial pattern of the QRS loop. The vectorcardiograms show a continuous gradation from posterior to anterior direction, the extremes indicating dominant left and @entity8158 , respectively. Five groups are recognized from the appearance in the horizontal plane. Long posterior loops (Fig. 1) are associated with severe @entity4346 , open posterior loops (Fig. 2) with left ventricular dominance, and wide posterior loops (Fig. 3) with moderate @entity1184 of both ventricles. Wide crossed loops (Fig. 4) indicate right ventricular dominance, and anterior clockwise loops (Fig. 5) are found with severe @entity8158 . The vectorcardiogram rarely showed large QRS voltages in @entity4346 , though these changes were often evident in the conventional electrocardiogram. The vectorcardiogram appeared to be more successful than the electrocardiogram in the recognition of severe @entity8158 . An unusual rightwards displacement of the QRS loop was found in @entity1 with @entity340 . It is concluded that the vectorcardiogram gives useful additional information for the recognition of @entity123 that is not evident in the conventional electrocardiogram in @entity339 .

The vectorcardiogram in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve disease'] @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy'] @entity8158 :: ('MESH:D017380', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular hypertrophy'] @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular hypertrophy'] @entity123 :: ('MESH:D024741', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular hypertrophy'] @entity4032 :: ('MESH:D059446', 'Disease') :: ['left atrial enlargement'] @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['tricuspid valve disease']
@entity339 :: (MESH:D008944,Disease) :: ['mitral valve disease']
