BACKGROUND/AIMS: Licorice has been used to treat @entity66 , including palpitations, in both Eastern and Western societies for thousands of years. It has been reported that @entity13439 (GA), an aglycone @entity3857 extracted from licorice root, exerts protective effects on the cardiovascular system, limits @entity1188 sizes and protects against the development of @entity943 . However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of @entity13439 on the cardiovascular system remain poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of GA against lethal @entity943 induced via @entity63 -reperfusion in @entity35 hearts, and to examine its electropharmacological properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anesthetized @entity35 were divided into control (CTL), GA5, GA10, and GA20 groups. GA was administered intravenously 15 min before the occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, at dosages of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Single ventricular myocytes were isolated using enzymolysis. The whole-cell patch clamp technique was utilized to record Ica, L, Ito and action potentials (APs). RESULTS: During reperfusion, the incidence of @entity2224 ( @entity2224 ) was decreased in each of the groups compared with the CTL group (p<0.05). The @entity1165 ( @entity1165 )/ @entity2224 score was significantly decreased in the GA20 group. @entity2045 ( @entity2045 ) were prolonged by GA; both L-type @entity460 current (Ica-L) and transient outward @entity972 current (Ito) were blocked in a concentration-dependent manner by GA. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GA attenuates both the susceptibility to and the incidence of fatal @entity943 during reperfusion in @entity35 hearts via the prolongation of the APD and the inhibition of both Ica-L and Ito. GA appears to be a promising antiarrhythmic agent in the setting of @entity63 /reperfusion.

@entity13439 protects the heart from XXXX /reperfusion injury by attenuating the susceptibility and incidence of fatal @entity943 during the reperfusion period in the @entity35 hearts.

@entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['many diseases'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia'] @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['APDs', 'Action potential durations'] @entity3857 :: ('MESH:D012503', 'Chemical') :: ['saponin'] @entity13439 :: ('MESH:D006034', 'Chemical') :: ['glycyrrhetinic acid'] @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct'] @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation', 'VF'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats'] @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'cardiac arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']
@entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']
