OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between antipsychotic drug use and the development of first-time @entity410 in @entity1 with @entity161 , @entity1316 , or @entity303 . METHODS: We used data from the UK-based Clinical Practice Research Datalink database to conduct a follow-up study with a nested case-control analysis between 1998 and 2013. We identified @entity1 with @entity161 , @entity1316 , or @entity303 , and estimated incidence rates of @entity410 among users of four antipsychotic drug subclasses, defined according to existing hypotheses on their @entity410 -inducing potential (1, @entity1037 or @entity1089 ; 2, @entity14867 , @entity1770 , @entity1090 , or @entity3216 ; 3, low-to-medium potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs [ @entity2644 , @entity14753 , @entity8878 , @entity36773 , @entity1038 , @entity5957 ]; 4, medium-to-high potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs [ @entity1767 , @entity6916 , @entity6105 ]), and among those who did not use antipsychotic drugs. To adjust for confounding, we estimated odds ratios for @entity410 separately among @entity1 with @entity1316 or @entity303 , stratified by antipsychotic drug use and timing of use. RESULTS: In the total cohort of 60,121 @entity1 (who had @entity161 , @entity1316 , or @entity303 ), the incidence rate of @entity410 per 10,000 @entity1 -years was 32.6 (95  % confidence interval [CI] 22.6-42.6) in users of @entity1037 or @entity1089 , 24.1 (95  % CI 13.2-34.9) in users of @entity14867 , @entity1770 , @entity1090 , or @entity3216 , 49.4 (95  % CI 27.7-71.0) in users of low-to-medium potency antipsychotic drugs, 59.1 (95  % CI 40.1-78.2) in users of medium-to-high potency antipsychotic drugs, and 11.7 (95  % CI 10.0-13.4) in non-users of antipsychotic drugs. @entity1 with @entity303 had significantly higher incidence rates of first-time @entity410 compared with @entity1 with @entity1316 , irrespective of antipsychotic drug use. In @entity1 with @entity1316 , current use of medium-to-high potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs was associated with an increased risk of @entity410 (adjusted odds ratio 2.51 [95  % CI 1.51-4.18]) compared with non-use, while use of other antipsychotic drugs was not associated with @entity410 . In @entity1 with @entity303 , current use of @entity1037 or @entity1089 (adjusted odds ratio 2.37 [95  % CI 1.35-4.15]), low-to-medium potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs (adjusted odds ratio 3.08 [95  % CI 1.34-7.08]), and medium-to-high potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs (adjusted odds ratio 2.24 [95  % CI 1.05-4.81]) was associated with an increased risk of @entity410 compared with non-use, but current use of @entity14867 , @entity1770 , @entity1090 , or @entity3216 (adjusted odds ratio 0.92 [95  % CI 0.48-1.75]) was not. Use of antipsychotic drugs in @entity1 with @entity161 could not be investigated because of small numbers. CONCLUSIONS: Current use of medium-to-high potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of @entity410 compared with non-use of antipsychotic drugs in @entity1 with @entity1316 . In these @entity1 , current use of all other antipsychotic drug subclasses was not associated with @entity410 . In @entity1 with @entity303 , current and past use of all antipsychotic drug subclasses, except @entity14867 , @entity1770 , @entity1090 , or @entity3216 , was associated with an increased risk of @entity410 .

Antipsychotic drug use and the risk of XXXX : follow-up study with a nested case-control analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'person', 'patients'] @entity8878 :: ('MESH:D005475', 'Chemical') :: ['flupenthixol'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures'] @entity14753 :: ('MESH:D003006', 'Chemical') :: ['zuclopenthixol'] @entity6916 :: ('MESH:D011346', 'Chemical') :: ['prochlorperazine'] @entity1038 :: ('MESH:D011395', 'Chemical') :: ['promazine'] @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia'] @entity6105 :: ('MESH:D014268', 'Chemical') :: ['trifluoperazine'] @entity5957 :: ('MESH:D013881', 'Chemical') :: ['thioridazine'] @entity3216 :: ('MESH:D013469', 'Chemical') :: ['sulpiride'] @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine'] @entity36773 :: ('MESH:C084584', 'Chemical') :: ['pericyazine'] @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia'] @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol'] @entity14867 :: ('MESH:C012052', 'Chemical') :: ['amisulpride'] @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine'] @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole'] @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine'] @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']
@entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']
