BACKGROUND: @entity11189 and @entity20695 are toxic food contaminants. Knowledge about effects of their exposure and co-exposure on @entity1 growth is inadequate. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between @entity1 growth and @entity11189 and @entity20695 exposure in Tanzania. METHODS: A total of 166 @entity1 were recruited at 6 to 14 months of age and studied at recruitment, and at the sixth and twelfth month following recruitment. Blood and urine samples were collected and analysed for plasma @entity11189 albumin adducts (AF-alb) using ELISA, and urinary @entity18639 (UFB1) using LC-MS, respectively. Anthropometric measurements were taken and growth index Z-scores were computed. RESULTS: AF-alb geometric mean concentrations (95% confidence intervals) were 4.7 (3.9, 5.6), 12.9 (9.9, 16.7) and 23.5 (19.9, 27.7) pg/mg albumin at recruitment, six months, and 12 months from recruitment, respectively. At these respective sampling times, geometric mean UFB1 concentrations (95% CI) were 313.9 (257.4, 382.9), 167.3 (135.4, 206.7) and 569.5 (464.5, 698.2) pg/mL urine, and the prevalence of stunted @entity1 were 44%, 55% and 56%, respectively. UFB1 concentrations at recruitment were negatively associated with length for age Z-scores (LAZ) at six months (p = 0.016) and at 12 months from recruitment (p = 0.014). The mean UFB1 of the three sampling times (at recruitment, at six and 12 months from recruitment) in each @entity1 was negatively associated with LAZ (p < 0.001) and length velocity (p = 0.004) at 12 months from recruitment. The negative association between AF-alb and @entity1 growth did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to @entity20695 alone, or co-exposure with @entity11189 may contribute to @entity1 growth impairment.

A Prospective Study of Growth and Biomarkers of Exposure to XXXX and @entity20695 during Early Childhood in Tanzania.

@entity20695 :: ('CHEBI:38224', 'Chemical') :: ['fumonisin'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child'] @entity18639 :: ('MESH:C056933', 'Chemical') :: ['fumonisin B1'] @entity11189 :: ('MESH:D000348', 'Chemical') :: ['aflatoxin', 'Aflatoxin', 'aflatoxins']
@entity11189 :: (MESH:D000348,Chemical) :: ['Aflatoxin']
