Histopathology of the eye is an essential part of @entity2194 evaluation. There are structural variations of the eye among several laboratory animals commonly used in @entity137 studies, and many cases of @entity3217 in these animals are related to anatomical and physiological characteristics of the eye. Since albino @entity35 have no melanin in the eye, findings of the fundus can be observed clearly by ophthalmoscopy. @entity2479 is observed as a hyper-reflective lesion in the fundus and is usually observed as degeneration of the retina in histopathology. Albino @entity35 are sensitive to light, and light-induced @entity2000 is commonly observed because there is no melanin in the eye. Therefore, it is important to differentiate the causes of @entity2000 because the lesion occurs spontaneously and is induced by several drugs or by lighting. In @entity235 , the tapetum lucidum, a multilayered reflective tissue of the choroid, is one of unique structures of the eye. Since tapetal cells contain reflecting crystals in which a high level of @entity219 has been demonstrated chemically, drug-induced @entity528 is possibly related to @entity219 chelation. The eye of the monkey has a macula similar to that of @entity1 . The macula consists only of cones with a high density, and light falls directly on the macula that plays an important role in visual acuity. @entity1020 occurring in monkeys resembles histopathologically that of @entity1 . Hence, the eye of the monkey is a suitable model to investigate @entity1020 and to assess drug-induced @entity75 .

Characteristics of structures and lesions of the eye in laboratory animals used in XXXX studies.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans'] @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular toxicity'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity2000 :: ('MESH:D012162', 'Disease') :: ['retinal degeneration'] @entity3217 :: ('MESH:D015821', 'Disease') :: ['ocular lesions'] @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['Retinal atrophy'] @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['dogs'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['macular lesions'] @entity219 :: ('MESH:D015032', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['Macular degeneration', 'macular degeneration'] @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['tapetum degeneration']
@entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']
