OBJECTIVE: Certain @entity1 with treatment-refractory @entity161 may be rechallenged with @entity1088 following previous @entity1398 . Evidence guiding @entity1 selection and the effectiveness of @entity1091 and @entity1261 ( @entity1261 ) in rechallenge is limited, and factors associated with successful outcomes are unclear. METHOD: Outcomes were studied in @entity1 rechallenged with @entity1088 at a tertiary referral center between January 2007 and December 2013, following 1 or more previous trials terminated due to @entity1398 , defined as an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1.5 * 10(9)/L. Demographic characteristics, details of each @entity1088 trial including ANC, and coprescribed medication were extracted, and factors associated with rechallenge outcomes were examined. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 underwent @entity1088 rechallenge following previous @entity1398 ; 4 (21%) experienced further @entity1398 , 2 of which developed @entity3028 . Compared to successfully rechallenged @entity1 , unsuccessfully rechallenged @entity1 were significantly older (t = 2.10, P = .05), experienced onset of @entity1398 sooner (W = 10.0, P = .03), and were more commonly coprescribed @entity1092 . In addition to 5 @entity1 with @entity1398 ( @entity1398 ), 8 @entity1 not of an ethnicity associated with @entity1398 also had idiopathic low neutrophil counts at baseline; @entity1091 and @entity1261 coprescription facilitated successful rechallenge in these @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In this selected population, the initial @entity1398 was unlikely to be related to @entity1088 in a substantial proportion of cases. This group was successfully rechallenged following careful consideration of the risks and benefits, and @entity1091 and @entity1261 contributed to allowing continued @entity1088 therapy. In addition to black @entity1 , other ethnic groups can have persistently low ANC unrelated to @entity1088 .

Optimizing outcomes in XXXX rechallenge following @entity1398 : a cohort analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine'] @entity1261 :: ('1440', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'granulocyte-colony stimulating factor'] @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproate'] @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'BEN', 'benign ethnic neutropenia'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia'] @entity1091 :: ('MESH:D008094', 'Chemical') :: ['lithium'] @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['agranulocytosis']
@entity1088 :: (MESH:D003024,Chemical) :: ['clozapine']
