The purpose of this paper is to review the outcome of @entity1 with posttraumatic @entity3509 . Between April 1972 and March 1996, the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the King-Drew Medical Center managed or was consulted on 5,474 @entity130 @entity1 (4,584 @entity1 with penetrating injuries and 890 with @entity1913 ) who were admitted emergently for @entity764 and who underwent tube thoracostomy. @entity1 were not given routine prophylactic antibiotics merely because they had a chest tube placed. Based on our previous reports on @entity130 , our criteria for empiric antibiotic administration included (1) emergent or urgent thoracotomy, (2) soft-tissue destruction of the chest wall by shotgun injuries, (3) lung contusion with hemoptysis, (4) associated @entity1661 requiring exploratory laparotomy, or (5) associated open @entity174 . Eighty-seven of these 5,474 @entity1 developed posttraumatic @entity3509 , for an incidence of 1.6%. These 87 @entity1 were treated with tube thoracostomy, image-guided catheter drainage, or open thoracotomy with decortication. Seventy-nine of 87 @entity1 (91%) were cured without conversion to open thoracostomy. Four @entity1 required conversion to open thoracostomy, and there were three deaths. Even though a majority of our @entity1 required decortication, successful management of posttraumatic @entity3509 also was achieved with closed-tube thoracostomy or image-guided catheter drainage based on clinical and radiographic findings with appropriate @entity1 selection. When @entity4327 did occur in our group, @entity794 was the most common microbe isolated, followed by anaerobic bacteria. In correlating microbiologic data with outcomes, @entity794 , especially @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 , was the most frequent cause of antibiotic failure. Because of the low incidence of posttraumatic @entity3509 , we do not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for all @entity130 @entity1 who undergo closed-tube thoracostomy. A review of the role of tube thoracostomy, intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, image-guided catheter drainage, video-assisted thoracoscopy, and open thoracotomy for the management of @entity4327 is provided.

Posttraumatic @entity3509 : a 24-year experience at a major XXXX center.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['long-bone fractures'] @entity3509 :: ('MESH:D004653', 'Disease') :: ['empyema thoracis'] @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma'] @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus'] @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic and thoracoabdominal injuries'] @entity4327 :: ('MESH:D016724', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic empyema'] @entity1913 :: ('MESH:D014949', 'Disease') :: ['blunt injuries'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'thoracic trauma']
@entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']
