@entity1707 oocytes and embryos differ from those of other species in having a large quantity of endogenous lipid, a potential role for which has yet to be identified. In the present study, the hypothesis that endogenous @entity412 acts as a metabolic substrate during in vitro maturation and early embryo development was tested. Embryos were produced by @entity52 ( @entity52 ) of in vitro-matured, abattoir-derived immature oocytes, cultured in medium NCSU23 up to the blastocyst stage. The @entity412 content of single oocytes and embryos was measured throughout development. @entity26 and @entity413 consumption and the formation of @entity880 were measured non-invasively over the same period, enabling total @entity855 production to be calculated. The @entity412 content of oocytes before maturation (135+/-4.9 ng) decreased by 13 ng (P<0.05) during in vitro maturation, but there was no apparent change in @entity412 content during embryo development (117.68 ng). @entity26 consumption was low throughout embryo cleavage before reaching a peak at the blastocyst stage (P<0.01), a pattern similar to that seen in other mammals studied. @entity413 consumption and @entity880 production were also at a maximum at the blastocyst stage (P<0.05). These data indicate that @entity1707 oocytes may use endogenous @entity412 as an energy source during in vitro maturation and that most (91-97%) of the @entity855 produced during embryo development comes from oxidative phosphorylation. The high exogenous @entity413 concentration in NCSU23 (5.5 mmol l(-1)) may be needed to form @entity2388 , which in turn, produces @entity5911 , which is required to prime the @entity6626 cycle. However, the reason for the high lipid content in early @entity1707 embryos remains to be elucidated.

Energy metabolism in XXXX oocytes and early embryos.

@entity1707 :: ('9823', 'Species') :: ['Pig', 'pig'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen'] @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride'] @entity5911 :: ('MESH:D062907', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaloacetate'] @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate'] @entity6626 :: ('CHEBI:27093', 'Chemical') :: ['tricarboxylic acid'] @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['IVF', 'in vitro fertilization'] @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose'] @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['ATP']
@entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pig']
