Moderate @entity167 consumption is associated with a reduced risk of @entity65 . Data on @entity167 consumption and @entity731 are scarce. To determine the association between @entity167 consumption and risk of @entity3657 , the authors carried out a cross-sectional study (1990-1993) in the population-based Rotterdam Study among @entity1 and @entity1 aged 55 years or over. Data on @entity167 consumption and @entity3657 , as measured by the ankle/brachial blood pressure index, were available for 3,975 @entity1 without symptomatic @entity65 . Male drinkers consumed beer, wine, and liquor, while female drinkers consumed predominantly wine and fortified wine types. An inverse relation between moderate @entity167 consumption and @entity3657 was found in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . Because of residual confounding by smoking, analyses were repeated in nonsmokers. In nonsmoking @entity1 , odds ratios were 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46, 1.63) for daily @entity167 consumption up to and including 10 g, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.37, 1.55) for 11-20 g, and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.35, 1.34) for more than 20 g, compared with nondrinking. In nonsmoking @entity1 , corresponding odds ratios were 0.65 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.87), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.42, 1.05), and 0.41 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.77), respectively. In conclusion, an inverse association between @entity167 consumption and @entity3657 was found in nonsmoking @entity1 and @entity1 .

@entity167 consumption and risk of XXXX : the Rotterdam study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men'] @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral arterial disease'] @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']
@entity3657 :: (MESH:D058729,Disease) :: ['peripheral arterial disease']
