UNASSIGNED: In Papua New Guinea, intermittent preventive treatment with @entity1484 and @entity4580 (SPAZ-IPTp) increased birthweight despite limited impact on @entity311 and @entity2953 . To explore possible nutrition-related mechanisms, we evaluated associations between gestational @entity1017 (GWG), enrolment body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and birthweight. We investigated whether the increase in birthweight associated with SPAZ-IPTp may partly be driven by a treatment effect on GWG. The mean GWG rate was 393   g/week (SD 250; n   =   948). A 100   g/week increase in GWG was associated with a 14   g (95% CI 2.6, 25.4) increase in birthweight (P   =   0.016). Enrolment BMI and MUAC also positively correlated with birthweight. SPAZ-IPTp was associated with increased GWG [58   g/week (26, 900), P   <   0.001, n   =   948] and with increased birthweight [48   g, 95% CI (8, 880), P   =   0.019] when all eligible @entity1 were considered (n   =   1947). Inclusion of GWG reduced the birthweight coefficient associated with SPAZ-IPTp by 18% from 44   to 36   g (n   =   948), although SPAZ-IPTp was not significantly associated with birthweight among @entity1 for whom GWG data were available (P   =   0.13, n   =   948). One month post-partum, fewer @entity1 who had received SPAZ-IPTp had a low post-partum BMI (<18.5   kg   m(-2) ) [adjusted risk ratio: 0.55 (95% CI 0.36, 0.82), P   =   0.004] and their babies had a reduced risk of wasting [risk ratio 0.39 (95% CI 0.21, 0.72), P   =   0.003]. SPAZ-IPTp increased GWG, which could explain its impact on birthweight and maternal post-partum BMI. Future trials of SPAZ-IPTp must incorporate detailed anthropometric evaluations to investigate mechanisms of effects on maternal and @entity1 health.

@entity4580 -containing intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy affects gestational XXXX , an important predictor of birthweight in Papua New Guinea - an exploratory analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'child'] @entity1484 :: ('MESH:C001205', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine'] @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted infections'] @entity4580 :: ('MESH:D017963', 'Chemical') :: ['azithromycin'] @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain'] @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['malaria']
@entity1017 :: (MESH:D015430,Disease) :: ['weight gain']
