The purpose of the present study was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of reviewers' assessments of digital fundus photography (DFP) images, using the findings from comprehensive ophthalmologic examination as the criterion standard. One hundred and fifty-two @entity1 with @entity6 underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examination by an active duty U.S. Air Force (ADAF) staff ophthalmologist, and the examination findings were used as the criterion standard for the present study. Eight other ophthalmologists (M.D.'s) and 10 optometrists (O.D.'s), all ADAF providers, each evaluated seven nonstereo standard field DFP images from the left and right eyes (14 images per @entity1 ) of the 152 @entity6 @entity1 , assessing each @entity1 for evidence of @entity6 (yes, no, not sure). The sensitivity, specificity, and proportion of "not sure" responses were computed separately for @entity601 and OD reviewers and then compared. O.D. reviewers gave "not sure" responses more frequently than M.D.'s. With "not sure" responses treated as correct (i.e., identical to the results of ophthalmologic examination), both types of providers had 100% sensitivity for cases that are usually treated and 83% sensitivity for cases that are not usually treated but require close follow-up. Specificity (for any @entity6 ) was 92% for M.D.'s and 93% for O.D.'s. With M.D.'s as photographic reviewers, DFP-based screening required only 27 ophthalmologic examinations per 100 @entity1 screened; with O.D.'s as photographic reviewers, 31 ophthalmologic examinations were required per 100 @entity1 screened. Using either ophthalmologists or optometrists as photographic reviewers, DFP-based screening for @entity6 has very good sensitivity and excellent specificity.

Performance characteristics of digital fundus photography as a screening test for XXXX in a low-risk population.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['MD'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic retinopathy']
@entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic retinopathy']
