Acute unilateral @entity3541 is usually a benign neurological condition that resolves in a few weeks. However, it can also be the source of a transient or long-lasting severe @entity66 , featuring disorders of @entity717 . This review is organized according to the two most easily recognizable phases in the evolution of @entity3541 : (1). Just after presentation of @entity3541 , @entity1 may exhibit an increase in their spontaneous blinking rate as well as a sustained low-level contraction of the muscles of the nonparalyzed side, occasionally leading to @entity9663 -like muscle activity. This finding may be due to an increase in the excitability of facial motoneurons and brainstem interneurons mediating trigeminofacial reflexes. (2). If @entity21 has occurred, axonal regeneration beginning at approximately 3 months after the lesion leads inevitably to clinically evident or subclinical @entity2915 of the previously paralyzed hemifacial muscles. The full-blown @entity2652 consists of synkinesis, @entity7205 , and unwanted hemifacial mass contractions accompanying normal @entity717 . The syndrome has probably multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, including abnormal axonal branching after aberrant axonal regeneration and enhanced facial motoneuronal excitability. Although the syndrome is relieved with local injections of botulinum toxin, fear of such uncomfortable contractions may lead the @entity1 to avoid certain @entity717 , with the implications that this behavior might have on their emotional expressions.

XXXX in @entity1 with peripheral facial palsy.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity7205 :: ('MESH:D020385', 'Disease') :: ['myokymia'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['motor dysfunction'] @entity2652 :: ('MESH:D005148', 'Disease') :: ['postparalytic facial syndrome'] @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity'] @entity9663 :: ('MESH:D001764', 'Disease') :: ['blepharospasm'] @entity3541 :: ('MESH:D005158', 'Disease') :: ['facial paralysis', 'facial palsy'] @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['automatic and voluntary movement', 'facial movements'] @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['axonal damage']
@entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['Movement disorders']
