@entity11849 ( @entity11849 ) is an extremely potent toxin derived from the @entity9377 plant. As a possible bioterrorist weapon, it was categorized as a level B agent in international society. With the growing awareness and concerns of the "white powder incident" in recent years, it is indispensable to develop an effective countermeasure against @entity8769 . In this study we used site-directed mutagenesis and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques to modify the gene of ricin A-chain (RTA). As a result, we have generated a mutated and truncated ricin A-chain (mtRTA) vaccine antigen by @entity526 . The @entity137 assay was used to evaluate the safety of the as-prepared mtRTA antigen, and the results showed that there was no residual @entity137 observed when compared to the recombinant RTA (rRTA) or native @entity11849 . Furthermore, BALB/c @entity19 were subcutaneously (s.c.) vaccinated with mtRTA 3 times at an interval of 2 weeks, and then the survivals were evaluated after intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intratracheal challenge of @entity11849 . The vaccinated @entity19 developed a strong protective immune response that was wholly protective against 40 * LD50 of @entity11849 i.p. injection or 20 * LD50 of @entity11849 intratracheal spraying. The mtRTA antigen has great potential to be a vaccine candidate for future application in @entity1 .

Strong protection against ricin challenge induced by a novel modified ricin A-chain protein in XXXX model.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity'] @entity9377 :: ('3988', 'Species') :: ['castor bean'] @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['E.coli strain'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity11849 :: ('MESH:D065766', 'Disease') :: ['Ricin toxin', 'RT'] @entity8769 :: ('MESH:D000435', 'Disease') :: ['RT intoxication']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']
