@entity299 are the leading cause of @entity204 after noncardiac surgery. Despite theoretical benefits, @entity460 channel blockers (CCB) are not widely used in the perioperative setting. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of CCBs during noncardiac surgery. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, PubMed, and reference lists were searched without language restriction for randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating CCBs during noncardiac surgery. Two reviewers independently abstracted data on @entity204 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity63 , @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ), and @entity712 ( @entity712 ). Treatment effects were calculated as relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Eleven studies (1007 @entity1 ) were included. CCBs significantly reduced @entity63 (RR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.80; P = 0.004) and @entity4710 (RR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.37-0.72; P < 0.0001). CCBs were associated with trends towards reduced @entity204 and @entity583 . In post hoc analyses, CCBs significantly reduced @entity204 / @entity583 (RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15-0.86; P = 0.02) and major morbid events (MME), defined as @entity204 , @entity583 , or @entity712 (RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.89; P = 0.02). In subgroup analyses, @entity3988 significantly reduced @entity63 , @entity4710 , @entity204 / @entity583 , and MMEs. This meta-analysis shows CCBs significantly reduced @entity63 , @entity4710 , and combined end-points in the setting of noncardiac surgery. The majority of these benefits are attributable to @entity3988 , suggesting the need for further evaluation of this drug in a large RCT.

XXXX channel blockers for reducing cardiac morbidity after noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachyarrhythmia', 'SVT'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia'] @entity3988 :: ('MESH:D004110', 'Chemical') :: ['diltiazem'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac complications'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death']
@entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']
