BACKGROUND: Left-ventricular diverticulum (LD) associated with @entity2461 ( @entity2461 ) is extremely rare. We have not found any previous reports of the coexistence of these two @entity600 . Such an association presenting with @entity662 mimicking an @entity1188 with @entity951 or a @entity661 with @entity662 is difficult to differentiate clinically. Here, we discuss several diseases characterized by left-ventricular apical protrusion with @entity662 to familiarize clinicians with the differential diagnosis of these diseases. CASE PRESENTATION: A 58-year-old @entity1 was referred to our hospital because of complaints of @entity662 and dyspnoea, mainly on exertion. An electrocardiograph on admission showed a q-wave in lead I, a Q-wave in lead aVL, and an abnormal T-wave in the limb leads and leads V4 to V6. A transthoracic echocardiograph revealed a @entity2461 and a protrusion arising from the apex of the left ventricle. The diagnosis on admission was @entity2461 and @entity453 with @entity1188 . To evaluate the source of the @entity662 , further evaluations were performed. Coronary angiography showed no abnormal findings. Left ventriculography confirmed the presence of an apical contractile out-pouching. Based on these findings, we revised the diagnosis as LD associated with @entity2461 . The @entity1 underwent transcatheter occlusion of the @entity2461 and was discharged 3  days later. Unexpectedly, transcatheter occlusion resolved the paroxysmal @entity662 in this case. CONCLUSION: This is the first case report of LD combined with @entity2461 . @entity2461 should be considered in the list of differential diagnosis of @entity662 . Several diseases characterized by left-ventricular apical protrusion with @entity662 , such as LD, @entity1188 and @entity661 , can be misdiagnosed as one another. Therefore, it is important to familiarize clinicians with the differential diagnosis of these diseases.

Adult left-ventricular diverticulum and @entity2461 misdiagnosed as XXXX with @entity1188 : a case report.

@entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient'] @entity2461 :: ('MESH:D004374', 'Disease') :: ['PDA', 'patent ductus arteriosus'] @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations'] @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct aneurysm'] @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina'] @entity661 :: ('MESH:D054549', 'Disease') :: ['takotsubo cardiomyopathy'] @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']
@entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']
