Organ transplantation is very similar to the @entity4801 , the immune responses to the allograft and parasite share some general characters in acute stage. But host-parasite interplay seems harmonious and clinically asymptomatic carriers act as long-term reservoirs for transmission even several decades. It is proposed that the allograft also can survive long-term like the parasite harmonious with the host if we exploit the mechanism of the @entity4801 . How can the parasite escape the immunologic cleaning? Recent research found that: (1) Almost all the parasites infection can break the balance of @entity1198 /Th2 and induce the Th2 bias. The level of cytokine excreted by Th2 is increased. (2) Parasite infection can interfere in antigen presentation processing through @entity464 and " @entity912 ". (3) Regulatory T cells were found surrounding the local site of parasite worms. (4) Parasite infections can switch of @entity9610 metabolism, and the anti-inflammatory mediator of the plasma is increasingly manifest in the @entity281 stage. And in animal model, @entity281 can prolong the allograft survival. If the hypotheses are correct, it will give another novel therapeutic option for @entity1 with organ transplantation.

Can an allograft become harmonious with its recipient by analogous mechanisms to the long-term survival of a parasite in its host? Transplantation is similar to XXXX and chronic parasite infection can prolong allograft survival.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity464 :: ('MESH:D055333', 'Chemical') :: ['cystatins'] @entity9610 :: ('CHEBI:23899', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosanoid'] @entity1198 :: ('51497', 'Gene') :: ['Th1'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['chronic infection'] @entity4801 :: ('MESH:D010272', 'Disease') :: ['parasitism'] @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['dendritic cell paralysis']
@entity4801 :: (MESH:D010272,Disease) :: ['parasitism']
