UNASSIGNED: Excitotoxicity, @entity3264 -induced toxic effects to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), is one of several mechanisms of RGC loss suggested in @entity726 . In this study, we focused on the role of @entity3264 transporter of glial cells as well as @entity3391 ( @entity3391 ) receptor with regard to @entity3264 @entity137 in @entity726 . We also investigated whether a2-adrenoceptor activation could modulate @entity3264 transporters and @entity3391 receptors in a chronic @entity2790 model. @entity16495 0.15% was administered topically to the eyes of experimental @entity726 and control animals twice daily. After 8 weeks of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation, staining with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated @entity1977 nick-end labeling (TUNEL) revealed an increase in the ganglion cell layer, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells was reduced by @entity16495 treatment (P<0.05). Animals with experimentally induced @entity726 exhibited an increase in retinal stress marker @entity538 ( @entity538 ) immunoreactivity; @entity16495 treatment reduced @entity538 . Excitatory @entity3689 transporter 1( @entity6485 ) expression remained stable throughout the period of chronic @entity2790 . a2-Adrenergic treatment upregulated @entity6485 protein levels (P<0.05). @entity3391 receptor ( @entity6806 ) expression was stimulated by chronic elevation of IOP, and @entity6806 -positive cells in ganglion cell layer were co-localized with TUNEL staining. @entity16495 administration suppressed @entity6806 levels (P<0.05). These results indicate that @entity16495 decreased RGC apoptosis, upregulating @entity6485 and downregulating @entity3391 receptors. We suggest that topical @entity16495 treatment may decrease the @entity3264 excitotoxicity through modulation of @entity3264 transporter and @entity3391 receptor in @entity726 .

a2-Adrenergic modulation of the @entity3264 receptor and transporter function in a chronic XXXX model.

@entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity3264 :: ('D018698', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate'] @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['NMDA', 'N-methyl-d-aspartate'] @entity6806 :: ('2902', 'Gene') :: ['GluN1'] @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma'] @entity1977 :: ('CHEBI:17625', 'Chemical') :: ['dUTP'] @entity538 :: ('2670', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein'] @entity16495 :: ('MESH:C015620', 'Chemical') :: ['Brimonidine', 'brimonidine'] @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['ocular hypertension'] @entity3689 :: ('D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid'] @entity6485 :: ('6507', 'Gene') :: ['EAAT1']
@entity2790 :: (MESH:D009798,Disease) :: ['ocular hypertension']
