BACKGROUND: Chronic cough is a @entity558 , which, like @entity565 , can be associated with @entity32 . In @entity565 , airway @entity1712 is believed to be mediated by cytokines such as @entity225 and @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ). The role of these cytokines in chronic cough is unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine gene expression for @entity225 and @entity2841 in chronic cough and compare the results with those found in @entity565 . METHODS: We studied adults with @entity565 (n = 12), chronic cough responsive to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS-responsive cough) (n = 9), and chronic cough not responsive to inhaled @entity228 (non-ICS-responsive cough) (n = 4). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed, and cytokine gene expression was assessed by using a semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: @entity225 mRNA was expressed by BAL cells from nine of 12 @entity748 subjects and six of nine subjects with ICS-responsive chronic cough. @entity225 mRNA was not detected in subjects with non-ICS-responsive chronic cough (zero of four subjects, p < 0.05). @entity2841 mRNA was expressed in BAL cells from seven of 12 @entity748 subjects and six of nine subjects with ICS-responsive cough. @entity2841 mRNA was not detected in non-ICS responsive cough subjects (zero of four subjects, p < 0.05). @entity2841 gene expression was related to the degree of @entity2710 airway responsiveness in @entity748 subjects (r = -0.59). CONCLUSION: We conclude that chronic cough, like @entity565 , is associated with airway @entity32 and gene expression for @entity225 and @entity2841 . Ongoing expression of these cytokines is likely to be related to the persistence of airway @entity32 and chronic cough.

Chronic cough resembles XXXX with IL-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene expression in bronchoalveolar cells.

@entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic airway inflammation', 'inflammation'] @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['multifactorial condition'] @entity225 :: ('3567', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-5', 'IL-5'] @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic'] @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma'] @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid'] @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine'] @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']
@entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']
