@entity1735 ( @entity435 ) ingestion during exercise, in the form of @entity435 -electrolyte beverages, leads to performance benefits during prolonged submaximal and variable intensity exercise. However, the mechanism underlying this ergogenic effect is less clear. Euglycaemia and oxidation of blood @entity413 at high rates late in exercise and a decreased rate of muscle glycogen utilisation (i.e. glycogen 'sparing') have been proposed as possible mechanisms underlying the ergogenic effect of @entity435 ingestion. The prevalence of one or the other mechanism depends on factors such as the type and intensity of exercise, amount, type and timing of @entity435 ingestion, and pre-exercise nutritional and training status of study @entity1 . The type and intensity of exercise and the effect of these on blood @entity413 , plasma @entity2690 and @entity2922 levels, may play a major role in determining the rate of muscle glycogen utilisation when @entity435 is ingested during exercise. The ingestion of @entity435 (except fructose) at a rate of > 45 g/h, accompanied by a significant increase in plasma @entity2690 levels, could lead to decreased muscle glycogen utilisation (particularly in type I fibres) during exercise. Endurance training and alterations in pre-exercise muscle glycogen levels do not seem to affect exogenous @entity413 oxidation during submaximal exercise. Thus, at least during low intensity or intermittent exercise, @entity435 ingestion could result in reduced muscle glycogen utilisation in well trained individuals with high resting muscle glycogen levels. Further research needs to concentrate on factors that regulate @entity413 uptake and energy metabolism in different types of muscle fibres during exercise with and without @entity435 ingestion.

XXXX muscle glycogen metabolism during exercise. Effect of @entity1735 supplementation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants'] @entity2690 :: ('3630', 'Gene') :: ['insulin'] @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbohydrate'] @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine'] @entity435 :: ('CHEBI:42485', 'Chemical') :: ['CHO'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']
