UNASSIGNED: Brassinosteroids ( @entity4375 ) play essential roles in modulating plant growth, development and stress responses. Here, involvement of @entity4375 in plant systemic resistance to @entity778 was studied. Treatment of local leaves in Nicotiana benthamiana with @entity4375 induced @entity778 resistance in upper untreated leaves, accompanied by accumulations of @entity5568 and NO. Scavenging of @entity5568 or NO in upper leaves blocked BR-induced systemic @entity778 resistance. BR-induced systemic @entity5568 accumulation was blocked by local pharmacological inhibition of @entity1110 oxidase or silencing of respiratory burst oxidase homolog gene NbRBOHB, but not by systemic @entity1110 oxidase inhibition or NbRBOHA silencing. Silencing of the @entity3542 -dependent @entity1507 reductase gene NbNR or systemic pharmacological inhibition of NR compromised BR-triggered systemic NO accumulation, while local inhibition of NR, silencing of NbNOA1 and inhibition of NOS had little effect. Moreover, we provide evidence that BR-activated @entity5568 is required for NO synthesis. Pharmacological scavenging or genetic inhibiting of @entity5568 generation blocked BR-induced systemic NO production, but BR-induced @entity5568 production was not sensitive to NO scavengers or silencing of NbNR. Systemically applied @entity1854 rescued BR-induced systemic @entity778 defense in NbRBOHB-silenced plants, but @entity5568 did not reverse the effect of NbNR silencing on BR-induced systemic @entity778 resistance. Finally, we demonstrate that the receptor kinase BRI1(BR insensitive 1) is an upstream component in BR-mediated systemic defense signaling, as silencing of NbBRI1 compromised the BR-induced @entity5568 and NO production associated with systemic @entity778 resistance. Together, our pharmacological and genetic data suggest the existence of a signaling pathway leading to BR-mediated systemic @entity778 resistance that involves local Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog B (RBOHB)-dependent @entity5568 production and subsequent systemic NR-dependent NO generation.

Orchestration of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in brassinosteroid-mediated systemic XXXX resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana.

@entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus'] @entity5568 :: ('D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['H2 O2'] @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite'] @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside'] @entity4375 :: ('11246', 'Species') :: ['BRs'] @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate'] @entity1110 :: ('MESH:D009249', 'Chemical') :: ['NADPH']
@entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['virus']
