OBJECTIVE: To investigate the level of ROS, @entity1865 and SOD in different stages of @entity3494 -induced @entity5 in @entity1 keratinocytes. METHODS: HaCaT @entity1 immortalized keratinocytes were continuously exposed to 1.0  mol/L @entity4250 for 35 passages. The secretion of active @entity1495 , the proliferation rate and doubling time nd colony formation assay in soft agar colony were used to identify the malignant phenotype of the @entity4250 -exposed HaCaT cells. Then flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of ROS, and the level of @entity1865 and SOD were tested by biochemical method at different passages of @entity4250 exposure in HaCaT cells. RESULTS: A marked increase in the secretion of active @entity1495 in the @entity3494 -treated (1.0  mol/L @entity15827 ) cells was observed in comparison to the passage-matched untreated control (0.0  mol/L @entity15827 ) cells at 28 and 35 passages. And compared with 0.0  mol/L @entity15827 group, the proliferation rate and doubling time in 1.0  mol/L @entity15827 group was much faster at 21 ((64.37    15.92) h) and 28 ((64.04    12.84) h) passages with a significant statistical difference at passage 35 ((54.00    2.35 ) h) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the long-term @entity4250 -treated cells formed significantly higher colonies (107    11 in passage 35) in soft agar than control cells (P < 0.05). No obvious regularity changes of ROS and @entity1865 levels were found before 14 passages of @entity4250 exposure, except for passage 1. Surprisingly, after 14 passages, with the increased passages of exposure to @entity4250 , both the ROS and @entity1865 levels decreased gradually, the ROS level at passage 35 was significant lower compared to passage 0 (P < 0.05). Conversely, after passage 21, the activity of SOD was obviously enhanced and reached the highest level at passage 35. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to low concentrations of inorganic @entity3494 -induced @entity5 is accompanied by intracellular imbalance between oxidative-antioxidant, which increased expression of SOD and low levels of ROS found in the later-stage of @entity4250 -induced transformation.

[Dynamic changes of ROS, @entity1865 and SOD during XXXX -induced @entity5 in @entity1 keratinocytes].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity4250 :: ('MESH:C015001', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenite'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant transformation of HaCaT cells', 'neoplastic transformation'] @entity15827 :: ('CHEBI:29678', 'Chemical') :: ['NaAsO2'] @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9'] @entity3494 :: ('MESH:D001151', 'Chemical') :: ['arsenic'] @entity1865 :: ('CHEBI:566274', 'Chemical') :: ['MDA']
@entity3494 :: (MESH:D001151,Chemical) :: ['arsenic']
