Proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) contributes considerably to enlargement of the arterial wall during @entity731 . The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a well-known mitogen and chemoattractant for ASMCs. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that cells appearing in @entity731 , such as ASMCs, endothelial cells, and monocytes/macrophages, expressed mRNAs for both @entity6005 and B chains in vitro, with the highest expression in endothelial cells. On proliferation, ASMCs and endothelial cells upregulated @entity6005 mRNA. Differentiation of macrophages increased the amount of both mRNAs. Thus, the regulation of @entity6005 - and B-chain expression depends on cell types and phenotypic states of the cells, which have also been found in vivo in @entity1 @entity731 . @entity6005 can be produced as short and long isoforms. The latter binds with high affinity to glycosaminoglycans. Irrespective of phenotype, only the minor part of total @entity6005 mRNA consisted of the long variant in ASMCs, while endothelial cells produced 40% of total @entity6005 as the long form. The differentiation of macrophages increased the production of the long @entity6005 mRNA from 10% to 40%. Thus, increasing numbers of stimulated cells in the @entity731 may increase the transcription of PDGF isoforms, and particularly of the long @entity6005 isoform. Together with increasing amounts of ASMC-derived proteoglycans in developing lesions, this may contribute to accumulation of PDGF in the arterial wall matrix, resulting in prolonged stimulation of ASMCs.

Effect of phenotype on the transcription of the genes for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms in XXXX smooth muscle cells, monocyte-derived macrophages, and endothelial cells in vitro.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesion', 'atherosclerotic lesions'] @entity6005 :: ('5154', 'Gene') :: ['PDGF A']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
