PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and complications of combined intravitreal melphalan and intravenous/intra-arterial chemotherapy as a primary approach for @entity995 with vitreous seeds. METHODS: In this retrospective case series, eight eyes from eight @entity995 @entity1 with vitreous seeds were included. All eyes received 20-30   g of intravitreal melphalan accompanied by intravenous and intra-arterial chemotherapy. Triple freeze-thaw cryotherapy was performed when withdrawing the needle from the eye to prevent @entity5 dissemination. RESULTS: @entity5 and vitreous seeds regressed in all eyes. The mean number of intravitreal melphalan injections was 3.25 (median 3.50, range 2-4). Globe salvage was attained in seven of eight eyes (87.5  %). Enucleation was performed in one case, in which the pathologic section showed no @entity41 and @entity5 -free resection margins. @entity1713 was observed in four eyes (50  %), and @entity548 developed in two (25  %). Retinal pigment epithelium @entity194 or mottling was found in three eyes (37.5  %). There were no cases of extraocular @entity5 extension or remote @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Combined intravitreal melphalan and intravenous/intra-arterial chemotherapy was effective for @entity5 and vitreous seeding control, but vision-threatening complications such as @entity548 or @entity1713 occurred in half the cases.

Combined intravitreal melphalan and intravenous/intra-arterial chemotherapy for XXXX with vitreous seeds.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['vitreous hemorrhage'] @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['Serous retinal detachment', 'serous retinal detachment'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors'] @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis'] @entity995 :: ('MESH:D012175', 'Disease') :: ['retinoblastoma']
@entity995 :: (MESH:D012175,Disease) :: ['retinoblastoma']
