@entity854 occur firstly during sleep in restrictive and obstructive @entity1576 . @entity519 is often a revealing feature of a sleep-related @entity3316 / @entity519 syndrome in @entity1 who will have later a diurnal @entity519 . On the other hand, sleep may induce @entity1353 in individuals without @entity358 , like @entity27 ( @entity27 ). In @entity27 , repeated closure and/or narrowing of the pharynx during sleep increases the inspiratory effort and induces @entity1949 . Intermittent @entity519 is another consequence of the obstructive events in @entity27 . Besides its direct consequences on sleep, @entity27 is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbi-mortality. Reduced daytime alertness and cognitive functions are usually present in @entity1 with @entity387 . These features are believed to be related to both @entity1949 and nocturnal @entity519 / @entity2944 . Sleep-related @entity3316 / @entity519 and pharyngeal obstructive events may occur together in @entity1 with @entity1576 , especially in @entity28 and/or @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) subjects. A correct qualitative and quantitative assessment of @entity387 may only be performed by recording specific physiological signals during sleep.

[Why and how to diagnose sleep XXXX ?].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep fragmentation'] @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep-disordered breathing'] @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing abnormalities'] @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese'] @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome', 'OSAS'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia', 'Nocturnal hypoxemia', 'hypoxia'] @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Gas exchange abnormalities'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung diseases'] @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['chronic respiratory failure', 'respiratory insufficiency'] @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation'] @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']
@entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory disorders']
