UNASSIGNED: Many studies have shown that the toxic effects of local antibiotics on bone and cartilage limit orthopedic surgeons. In this study, we evaluated three antibacterial agents used locally to treat highly mortal and morbid diseases in the field of orthopedics, such as @entity5414 . Are @entity2176 , @entity11248 , and @entity5136 , which are archenemies of @entity794 , really toxic to chondrocytes? The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of antibiotics, which are used against @entity794 , on @entity1 chondrocytes in vitro. Primary cell cultures obtained from gonarthrosis @entity1 were divided into two main groups. One of these groups was designated as the control chondrocyte culture. The other group was divided into three subgroups, and each group was exposed to @entity2176 , @entity11248 , or @entity5136 . Cell culture samples were characterized by immunophenotyping following incubation with the three different antibiotics. Before and after the agents were administered, the cultures were subjected to inverted and environmental scanning electron microscopy. The number of live cells and the proliferation rate were monitored with the @entity98 -assay. We found that @entity2176 , @entity11248 , and @entity5136 do not have chondrotoxic effects. @entity2176 , @entity11248 , and @entity5136 had no chondrotoxic activity during in vitro culture, which supports the argument that these agents can safely be used in orthopedic surgery, especially against @entity3256 -resistant @entity794 agents.

Are the leading drugs against XXXX really toxic to cartilage?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients'] @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin'] @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin', 'Vancomycin'] @entity5414 :: ('MESH:D001170', 'Disease') :: ['septic arthritis'] @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus'] @entity11248 :: ('MESH:D017334', 'Chemical') :: ['teicoplanin'] @entity98 :: ('CHEBI:53233', 'Chemical') :: ['MTT'] @entity5136 :: ('MESH:C098010', 'Chemical') :: ['linezolid']
@entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']
