The targeted delivery of genes whose products arrest the cell cycle and/or induce apoptosis represent an important tool for the understanding and controlling forms of unregulated cell growth. The vpr gene product of @entity2858 has been reported to interfere with cell growth and induce apoptosis, but the mechanism of its action is not clearly understood. In order to study these important properties of Vpr, we created a recombinant adenovirus H5.010 @entity2834 -vpr (adCMV-vpr) as a tool to deliver the vpr gene to various cell lines to examine its biology. Vpr protein expression was confirmed by Western blot analysis in adCMV-vpr infected cells. We tested the effects of adCMV-vpr on cell growth of several @entity5 cell lines. Infection of both @entity876 positive and @entity876 deficient @entity5 cell lines with adCMV-vpr resulted in dramatic induction of cell death in short-term assays. We observed that apoptosis was induced through the mitochondrial pathway as we observed changes in the @entity4674 content accompanied by @entity8187 activation. As @entity588 is reported to interfere with apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway, we examined the effect of adCMV-vpr in @entity588 over expressing cell lines. We observed that @entity588 overexpression does not inhibit adCMV-vpr induced apoptosis. The properties of adCMV-vpr inducing apoptosis through @entity8187 in a @entity876 pathway independent manner suggest that this is an important reagent. Such a vector may give insight into approaches designed to limit the growth of pathogenic @entity1 cells.

Adenovirus encoding @entity2858 Vpr activates XXXX and induces apoptotic cell death in both @entity876 positive and negative @entity1 @entity5 cell lines.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity588 :: ('596', 'Gene') :: ['Bcl-2'] @entity2858 :: ('11676', 'Species') :: ['HIV-1'] @entity4674 :: ('54205', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome c'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor'] @entity8187 :: ('842', 'Gene') :: ['caspase 9'] @entity876 :: ('7157', 'Gene') :: ['p53'] @entity2834 :: ('12305', 'Species') :: ['CMV']
@entity8187 :: (842,Gene) :: ['caspase 9']
