BACKGROUND: @entity1030 is a heterogeneous disease characterized by airflow obstruction and diagnosed by lung function. CT imaging is emerging as an important, noninvasive tool in phenotyping @entity1030 . However, the use of CT imaging in defining the disease heterogeneity above lung function is not fully known. METHODS: Seventy-five @entity1 with @entity1030 (58 @entity1 , 17 @entity1 ) were studied with CT imaging and with measures of airway @entity32 . Airway physiology and health status were also determined. RESULTS: The presence of @entity2415 ( @entity2415 ), bronchiectasis (BE), and bronchial wall thickening (BWT) was found in 67%, 27%, and 27% of subjects, respectively. The presence of @entity2415 was associated with lower lung function (mean difference % FEV(1), -20%; 95% CI, -28 to -11; P < .001). There was no difference in airway @entity32 , exacerbation frequency, or bacterial load in @entity1 with @entity2415 alone or with BE and/or BWT    @entity2415 . The diffusing capacity of the lung for @entity1223 /alveolar volume ratio was the most sensitive and specific parameter in identifying @entity2415 (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.96). Physiologic cluster analysis identified three clusters, two of which were @entity2415 predominant and the third characterized by a heterogeneous combination of @entity2415 and BE. CONCLUSIONS: The application of CT imaging can be useful as a tool in the multidimensional approach to phenotyping @entity1 with @entity1030 .

The role of CT scanning in multidimensional phenotyping of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon monoxide'] @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['EM', 'emphysema'] @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['COPD']
@entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']
