BACKGROUND: @entity21063 ) is a common cause of upper @entity11127 in @entity468 worldwide. Its characteristically high mutation rate leads to escape from the humoral immune response induced by @entity281 and/or vaccination and consequently vaccines are not always effective against field isolates. Thus, there is a need to continuously investigate the ability of @entity21063 vaccine strain-induced antibodies to neutralize field isolates. METHODS: Seventy-eight field isolates of @entity21063 isolated during the years 2008-2012 from Swedish @entity468 displaying clinical signs of upper @entity11127 were examined in this study. The field isolates were tested for cross-neutralization using a panel of eight anti-sera raised in four pairs of @entity468 following infection with four vaccine strains (F9, 255, G1 and 431). RESULTS: The anti-sera raised against F9 and 255 neutralised 20.5 and 11.5 %, and 47.4 and 64.1 % of field isolates tested, respectively. The anti-sera against the more recently introduced vaccine strains G1 and 431 neutralized 33.3 and 55.1 % (strain G1) or 69.2 and 89.7 % (strain 431) of the field isolates with titres >= 5. [corrected]. Dual vaccine strains displayed a higher cross-neutralization. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms previous observations that more recently introduced vaccine strains induce antibodies with a higher neutralizing capacity compared to vaccine strains that have been used extensively over a long period of time. This study also suggests that dual @entity21063 vaccine strains might neutralize more field isolates compared to single vaccine strains. Vaccine strains should ideally be selected based on updated knowledge on the antigenic properties of field isolates in the local setting, and there is thus a need for continuously studying the evolution of @entity21063 together with the neutralizing capacity of vaccine strain induced antibodies against field isolates at a national and/or regional level.

Ability of vaccine strain induced antibodies to neutralize field isolates of caliciviruses from Swedish XXXX .

@entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['natural infection'] @entity21063 :: ('11978', 'Species') :: ['FCV', 'Feline calicivirus (FCV'] @entity468 :: ('9685', 'Species') :: ['cats'] @entity11127 :: ('MESH:D012140', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory tract disease']
@entity468 :: (9685,Species) :: ['cats']
