The endoscopic approach has gained an increased popularity in recent years for the biopsy and, in selected cases, the @entity5 of the posterior third ventricle and pineal region. The authors report their experience on a series of 20 @entity1 discussing also the technical limitations and complication avoidance. This is a prospective study of 20 @entity1 with posterior third ventricle and @entity979 surgically managed by endoscopic biopsy and/or excision and simultaneous third ventriculostomy. The removal of the lesion could be achieved in 12 cases whereas in 8, only a biopsy could be performed. A histological diagnosis could be obtained in all cases. No delayed third @entity67 were recorded in any @entity1 at the latest follow-up (mean follow-up, 39 months). @entity260 were recorded in 2 out of 12 cases of @entity5 removal attempt and in zero out of eight cases of biopsy. A delayed (3 weeks) postoperative mortality occurred in a @entity1 harboring a GBM that developed an intratumoral @entity1410 48 h postoperatively, one @entity1 was in a vegetative state. Transient @entity260 included: @entity390 and @entity391 (five cases) and @entity892 (two cases). One @entity1 developed a @entity4610 that recovered within 6 months due to @entity548 . Higher rate of complications was found in the case of vascularized and/or larger lesions. Endoscopic management of posterior third @entity75 may represent an effective option. However, though biopsies remain often a safe procedure, @entity5 excision should be limited to highly selected cases (cystic, poorly vascularized, and/or smaller than 2.5-cm lesions).

Neuroendoscopic management of posterior third ventricle and XXXX : technique, limitation, and possible complication avoidance.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity390 :: ('MESH:D009325', 'Disease') :: ['nausea'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor hemorrhage'] @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal region tumors'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'removal of tumors'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['ventricle lesions'] @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting'] @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'Severe postoperative complications'] @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral ophthalmoplegia'] @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematoma'] @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia'] @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular stoma failures']
@entity979 :: (MESH:D010871,Disease) :: ['pineal region tumors']
