INTRODUCTION: @entity32 is present in up to 50% of @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ) and is associated with more severe disease. Currently no reliable biomarkers exist to identify @entity1 at risk. Calprotectin is a sensitive marker of @entity32 , measurable in serum and stool. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether serum and faecal calprotectin in addition to @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) can be used to identify @entity1 with @entity1691 at risk of @entity32 . METHODS: Serum calprotectin and @entity1851 were measured in 125 @entity1 with @entity1691 . In 44 of these @entity1 , faecal samples were available for calprotectin measurement. All 125 @entity1 underwent an ileocolonoscopy to assess the presence of @entity32 . RESULTS: @entity32 was present in 53 (42.4%) @entity1 with @entity1691 . Elevated serum calprotectin and @entity1851 were independently associated with @entity32 . Faecal calprotectin was also significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity32 . @entity1 with @entity1851 and serum calprotectin elevated had a frequency of @entity32 of 64% vs 25% in @entity1 with low levels of both. When either @entity1851 or serum @entity1190 was elevated, the risk was intermediate (40%) and measuring faecal calprotectin provided further differentiation. Hence we suggest a screening approach where initially serum calprotectin and @entity1851 are assessed and, if necessary, faecal calprotectin. The model using this scenario provided an area under the ROC curve of 74.4% for detection of @entity32 . CONCLUSIONS: Calprotectin measurements in stool and serum, in addition to @entity1851 , may provide a promising strategy to identify @entity1 with @entity1691 at risk of @entity32 and could play a role in overall @entity1 stratification.

Elevated calprotectin levels reveal XXXX in @entity1691 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['microscopic bowel inflammation', 'bowel inflammation', 'Microscopic bowel inflammation', 'neutrophilic inflammation'] @entity1190 :: ('MESH:D039841', 'Chemical') :: ['calprotectin'] @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['spondyloarthritis', 'SpA'] @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']
@entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['bowel inflammation']
