OBJECTIVE: From its first instance in 1977, resistance to @entity7776 , a matrix (M2) inhibitor has been increasing among @entity683 , thus propelling the use of @entity684 , a @entity689 (NA) inhibitor as a next line drug. Information on drug susceptibility to @entity7776 and @entity689 inhibitors for @entity683 in India is limited with no published data from Mumbai. This study aimed at examining the sensitivity to M2 and NA inhibitors of @entity683 strains isolated from 2009 to 2011 in Mumbai. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs positive for @entity778 were inoculated on Madin-Darby @entity235 kidney (MDCK) cell line for virus isolation. Molecular analysis of NA and M2 genes was used to detect known mutations contributing to resistance. Resistance to @entity689 was assayed using a commercially available chemiluminescence based NA-Star assay kit. RESULTS: Genotypically, all isolates were observed to harbor mutations known to confer resistance to @entity7776 . However, no know mutations conferring resistance to NA inhibitors were detected. The mean IC50 value for @entity684 was 0.25 nM. One strain with reduced susceptibility to the @entity689 inhibitor (IC      =4.08 nM) was isolated from a @entity1 who had received @entity684 treatment. Phylogenetic analysis postulate the emergence of @entity7776 resistance in Mumbai may be due to genetic reassortment with the strains circulating in Asia and North America. CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance of drug susceptibility helped us to identify an isolate with reduced sensitivity to @entity684 . Therefore, we infer that such surveillance would help in understanding possible trends underlying the emergence of resistant variants in @entity1 .

Drug susceptibility of XXXX strains co-circulating during 2009 @entity683 pandemic: first report from Mumbai.

@entity689 :: ('4758', 'Gene') :: ['neuraminidase'] @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A/H3N2 virus'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patient'] @entity684 :: ('MESH:D053139', 'Chemical') :: ['oseltamivir'] @entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine'] @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A/H3N2 viruses', 'influenza A/H3N2'] @entity7776 :: ('MESH:D000547', 'Chemical') :: ['amantadine']
@entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza A/H3N2']
