Vaccines which are efficacious against @entity6192 , such as the @entity1 vaccine, @entity6192 Vaccine Absorbed ( @entity9012 ), contain the protective antigen (PA) component of the @entity6192 toxins as the major protective immunogen. Although @entity9012 protects against inhalational @entity6192 , the immune responses to and role in protection of PA and possibly other antigens have yet to be fully elucidated. Sera from animals immunized with a toxin-producing, unencapsulated live vaccine strain of @entity6192 have been reported to have anti-spore activities associated with the antitoxin humoral response. The authors performed studies to determine whether anti-PA antibody (Ab)-containing preparations stimulated spore uptake by phagocytes and suppressed the germination of spores in vitro. @entity9012 - and PA-immune sera from several species enhanced the phagocytosis by @entity19 peritoneal macrophages of spores of the virulent Ames and the Sterne vaccine strains. Antitoxin Abs appeared to contribute significantly, although not solely, to the enhanced uptake. Rabbit antisera to PA purified from either Sterne or a PA-producing pX01-cured recombinant, affinity-purified anti-PA IgG, and monkey antisera to @entity9012 were used to assess the role of anti-PA ABS: Rabbit anti-PA Abs promoted the uptake of spores of the PA-producing strains Sterne, Ames and RP42, a mutant of Sterne producing only PA, but not of the pX01-Sterne-1 strain, Ames strain, or RP4, a mutant of Sterne with deletions in the loci encoding PA and the @entity4 factor (EF) toxin component and producing only the lethal factor toxin component. Rabbit anti-PA and monkey anti- @entity9012 Abs also significantly inhibited spore germination in vitro compared to preimmune serum or medium. Spore-associated proteins recognized by anti-PA Abs were detected by electron microscopy and confirmed by immunoblotting of spore coat extracts. Thus, the anti-PA Ab-specific immunity induced by @entity9012 has anti-spore activity and might have a role in impeding the early stages of infection with @entity6192 spores.

The role of antibodies to @entity6192 and XXXX toxin components in inhibiting the early stages of infection by @entity6192 spores.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity6192 :: ('1392', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus anthracis', 'anthrax', 'B. anthracis', 'Anthrax'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['murine'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema'] @entity9012 :: ('CHEBI:22678', 'Chemical') :: ['AVA']
@entity6192 :: (1392,Species) :: ['anthrax']
