The F-actin cytoskeleton is a fundamental component of all eukaryotic cells. It provides force and stability and plays an integral role in a diverse array of cellular processes. The spatiotemporal regulation of F-actin dynamics is essential for proper biological output. The basic molecular machinery underlying the assembly and disassembly of filamentous actin is conserved in all eukaryotic cells. Additionally, protein @entity669 kinases, found only in multicellular eukaryotes, provide links between extracellular signals and F-actin-dependent cellular processes. Among the @entity669 kinases, @entity1861 and its relative @entity534 are unique in binding directly to F-actin. Recent results have demonstrated a role for @entity1861 in membrane ruffling, cell spreading, cell migration, and neurite extension in response to growth factor and extracellular matrix signals. @entity1861 appears to regulate the assembly of F-actin polymers into different structures, depending on the extracellular signal. Interestingly, @entity1861 contains nuclear import and export signals, and the nuclear @entity1861 inhibits differentiation and promotes apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. The modular structure and the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of @entity1861 suggest that it integrates multiple signals to coordinate F-actin dynamics with the cellular decision to differentiate or to die.

Regulation of F-actin-dependent processes by the Abl family of XXXX kinases.

@entity1861 :: ('25', 'Gene') :: ['c-Abl'] @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine'] @entity534 :: ('CHEBI:16467', 'Chemical') :: ['Arg']
@entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']
