Induction of oral tolerance to antigens that are targets of self-reactive immune responses is an attractive approach to antigen-specific immune therapy of @entity792 . Oral tolerization has indeed proven to be safe and effective in amelioration of @entity792 in animal models. In @entity1 , results have been somewhat controversial. The emphasis given to clinical outcome rather than to immunomodulation, and the difficulty in identifying appropriate candidate antigens contribute to the controversy. @entity1457 proteins are promising targets for immune intervention. Immune reactivity to @entity1457 proteins has indeed been correlated with @entity625 in animal models, and abnormal immune responses to @entity1457 proteins have been described in @entity1 @entity625 as well. Despite significant recent progress, little is known at a molecular level regarding the mechanisms which are responsible for a switch from @entity792 in @entity1 . This is particularly true with respect to sequential analysis of several molecular and immunologic markers during both the course and treatment of disease. Novel approaches are currently under way to fill the gaps. We will briefly detail here the experience gained to date, and identify some of the avenues which future research will explore.

Mucosal modulation of immune responses to @entity1457 proteins in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human'] @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock', 'heat shock'] @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity to tolerance', 'autoimmune diseases'] @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune arthritis', 'arthritis']
@entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['autoimmune arthritis']
