PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare arthroscopic versus open examination of the proximal long head of the biceps tendon ( @entity6753 ) in @entity1 undergoing open, subpectoral tenodesis. METHODS: Eighty consecutive @entity1 were prospectively enrolled, of whom 62 were included in the study. During arthroscopy, the most distal extent of the @entity6753 visualized was marked with a Bovie device. The tendon was pulled into the joint with an arthroscopic grasper, showing additional @entity6753 and was again marked with the device. @entity6753 fraying, flattening, redness, and degeneration were graded as absent, mild, moderate, or severe. During open subpectoral tenodesis, the grossly visualized @entity6753 was graded in the same manner and the locations of both marks plus the total length of the @entity6753 observed during open visualization were measured and recorded. After subpectoral tenodesis, the excised portion of the @entity6753 was histologically graded as normal, @entity82 / @entity924 , or inflamed. RESULTS: On average, during open tenodesis, 95  mm (range, 75 to 130  mm) of @entity6753 was visualized. This was greater than the length visualized during diagnostic arthroscopy of 16  mm (range, 5 to 28  mm), or 17%, and the length visualized while pulling the tendon into the joint with an arthroscopic grasper of 30  mm (range, 15 to 45  mm), or 32%. The difference in @entity6753 length observed during open versus arthroscopic examination with a grasper was statistically significant (P < .0001). In addition, when compared with @entity6753 pathology observed in an open manner, arthroscopic visualization showed only 67% of pathology, underestimated noted pathology in 56% of @entity1 , and overestimated noted pathology in 11% of @entity1 . Histologic evaluation showed @entity82 / @entity924 in 100% of cases but @entity32 in only 5%. CONCLUSIONS: When compared with open inspection during subpectoral tenodesis, arthroscopic examination of the @entity6753 visualizes only 32% of the tendon and may underestimate pathology. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, diagnostic study-development of diagnostic criteria based on consecutive @entity1 with universally applied gold standard.

Arthroscopic Versus Open Comparison of Long Head of  Biceps  Tendon Visualization and Pathology in XXXX Requiring Tenodesis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis'] @entity924 :: ('MESH:D052256', 'Disease') :: ['tendinosis'] @entity6753 :: ('3972', 'Gene') :: ['LHB']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']
