OBJECTIVE: Induction of cellular differentiation continues to be an attractive therapeutic strategy for @entity11 . The purpose of this study was to develop a convenient in vitro model system for @entity463 differentiation and to then characterize it using conventional techniques and flow cytometry. METHODS: A subline of @entity1 cells ("U138B") was treated with 0 to 4 mmol/L @entity11413 (or serum deprivation) for up to 96 hours. Cells were initially studied for effects on proliferation, morphology, and @entity538 ( @entity538 ) staining. Northern blot and immunoblot analyses of @entity517 expression were performed. Multiparameter flow cytometry was then used to analyze @entity538 , @entity517 protein, and total cellular protein fluorescence and to relate them to changes in cell cycle distribution. RESULTS: @entity4876 treatment produced a dose-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation and changes in morphology, @entity538 staining, and @entity517 expression consistent with a differentiation response. Detailed flow cytometric studies, including subpopulation analysis, showed that during 72 hours of treatment with 2 mmol/L @entity4876 , mean @entity538 fluorescence increased to 420%, whereas @entity517 protein decreased to 45 +/- 13% and total cellular protein increased to 181 +/- 17%. The effects of @entity4876 were distinct from those of serum deprivation and were not simply the result of cells shifting into Gzero/G1. CONCLUSION: The @entity4876 -induced responses of the U138B cell line provide a convenient model system for studying the molecular events accompanying the differentiation of @entity463 cells. Multiparameter flow cytometry is a useful technique for characterizing such differentiation.

Molecular characterization of XXXX cell differentiation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['U138 MG'] @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['Butyrate', 'butyrate'] @entity517 :: ('4609', 'Gene') :: ['c-myc'] @entity11413 :: ('CHEBI:64103', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium butyrate'] @entity538 :: ('2670', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein'] @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma'] @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']
@entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']
