PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review and evaluate the medical literature on new treatments for periocular infantile (capillary) @entity2695 . Recent studies have shown a promising new therapy for @entity7492 using nonselective b-blockers, including oral @entity1169 and topical @entity6839 . RECENT FINDINGS: Conventional treatments for @entity7492 include the use of @entity288 , laser, surgery, and immunomodulator therapy. Recently, systemic and topical b-blockers have been used to successfully treat @entity7492 . The drugs' mechanism of action remains uncertain, but plausible theories include vasoconstriction, modulation of pro-survival signal transduction pathways, and endothelial cell apoptosis. Whereas no life-threatening adverse events from b-blocker treatment have been described, there have been reports of @entity1168 , @entity551 , @entity5143 , @entity4053 , and electrolyte disturbances resulting from systemic use of @entity1169 to treat @entity7492 . Sleep and @entity344 have also been frequently reported. Topical timolol application for localized, superficial @entity5 may confer similar efficacy as oral @entity1169 while reducing systemic effects. SUMMARY: Despite the recent explosion of interest surrounding this novel treatment, current treatment and protocol-monitoring recommendations are based largely on the experience of individual centers. Several randomized controlled studies are currently underway, the results of which will guide future standard-of-care treatment for @entity7492 .

Current concepts in the management of periocular infantile (capillary) XXXX .

@entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol'] @entity6839 :: ('MESH:D013999', 'Chemical') :: ['timolol'] @entity7492 :: ('MESH:C535860', 'Disease') :: ['infantile hemangioma'] @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangioma'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors'] @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disturbances'] @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia'] @entity5143 :: ('MESH:D001986', 'Disease') :: ['bronchospasm'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension'] @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia'] @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']
@entity2695 :: (MESH:D006391,Disease) :: ['hemangioma']
