The gastric pathogen @entity1534 forms biofilms on abiotic and biotic surfaces. We have shown previously that @entity1534 perceives the quorum signal @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ) as a chemorepellent. We report here that @entity1534 chemorepulsion from endogenous @entity1605 influences the proportions and spatial organization of cells within biofilms. Strains that fail to produce @entity1605 (   luxS strains) or are defective for @entity6722 (   cheA strains) formed more spatially homogenous biofilms with a greater proportion of adherent versus planktonic cells than wild-type biofilms. Reciprocally, a strain that overproduced @entity1605 (luxS(OP)) formed biofilms with proportionally fewer adherent cells. Along with the known @entity1605 chemoreceptor, TlpB, we identified AibA and AibB, two novel periplasmic binding proteins that are required for the @entity1605 chemorepulsion response. Disruptions in any of the proteins required for @entity1605 @entity6722 recapitulated the biofilm adherence and spatial organization phenotype of the    luxS mutant. Furthermore, exogenous administration of @entity1605 was sufficient to decrease the proportion of adherent cells in biofilms and promote dispersal of cells from biofilms in a @entity6722 -dependent manner. Finally, we found that disruption of @entity1605 production or @entity1605 @entity6722 resulted in increased clustering of cells in microcolonies on cultured epithelial cells. We conclude that @entity6722 from @entity1605 is a determinant of @entity1534 biofilm spatial organization and dispersal. IMPORTANCE: Bacterial biofilms are ubiquitous in nature, but the mechanisms governing their assembly and spatial organization are not fully understood. Bacterial communication through quorum sensing has been shown to influence biofilm growth through the regulation of biofilm genes. Our study revealed a new role for quorum sensing in biofilms through rapid chemotactic responses to quorum signals. Specifically, we studied how chemorepulsion of @entity1534 from the universal quorum signal @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ) shapes the spatial organization of its biofilms. We demonstrate that the chemorepulsive response of @entity1534 to @entity1605 is necessary to promote its dispersal from biofilms grown on both abiotic and biotic surfaces and is sufficient to promote dispersal in a @entity6722 -dependent manner. This work has broad implications for understanding the mechanisms by which endogenously produced microbial compounds shape the assembly and spatial organization of microbial communities in their environments.

Chemorepulsion from the Quorum Signal Autoinducer-2 Promotes XXXX Biofilm Dispersal.

@entity6722 :: ('MESH:C565534', 'Disease') :: ['chemotaxis'] @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['AI-2', 'autoinducer-2'] @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter pylori', 'H.  pylori']
@entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']
