BACKGROUND: A substantial minority of neurologically normal @entity1 with sickle cell disease have lesions consistent with @entity385 as seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). OBJECTIVES: To determine if transfusion therapy affects the rate at which silent @entity1188 develop and to evaluate the contribution of MRI of the brain to @entity64 prediction by transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography. STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 with elevated TCD ultrasonographic velocity were randomized to receive long-term transfusion therapy or standard care. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was obtained at randomization, annually, and with clinical neurologic events. The risk for new silent lesions and/or @entity64 was compared for each treatment arm. RESULTS: Among the 37% of subjects with silent @entity1188 , those receiving standard care were significantly more likely to develop new silent lesions or @entity64 than were those who received transfusion therapy. For subjects receiving standard care, those with lesions at baseline were significantly more likely to develop @entity64 or new silent lesions than those whose MRI studies showed no abnormality. CONCLUSIONS: Transfusion therapy lowers the risk for new silent @entity1188 or @entity64 for @entity1 having both abnormal TCD ultrasonographic velocity and silent @entity1188 . However, those with both abnormalities who are not provided transfusion therapy are at higher risk for developing a new silent @entity1188 or @entity64 than are those whose initial MRI showed no abnormality. The finding of a silent @entity1188 reinforces the need for TCD ultrasonographic screening and consideration of transfusion therapy if the abnormalities are seen. Similarly, elevated TCD ultrasonographic velocity warrants MRI of the brain because @entity1 with both abnormalities seem to be at increased risk for developing new silent @entity1188 or @entity64 .

XXXX in @entity1 with sickle cell anemia and abnormal cerebral artery velocity.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct'] @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']
@entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['Silent infarcts']
