BACKGROUND: @entity17555 is an infrequent infection that occurs in most cases in immunocompromised hosts. Although @entity364 are common in @entity791 @entity1 , few cases of @entity17555 have been reported. METHODS: Two clinical cases of @entity791 @entity1 with @entity17555 are reported, and a review of the literature is performed. RESULTS: Clinical presentation in both cases was similar to those of other diseases involving middle and internal ear. Infection was linked to severe immunosuppression (C3 group). CONCLUSIONS: @entity17555 is an infrequent infection in @entity791 @entity1 . Different routes by which Aspergillus obtains access to the middle ear have been proposed (tympanogenic, meningogenic, hematogenous and direct spread from paranasal sinuses or external auditory canal). @entity2972 , @entity7867 , @entity393 and @entity2103 are common findings. @entity79 and invasion of brain or skull base may occur. CT or MRI are necessary to evaluate the extent of the disease. Etiologic diagnosis requires histopathologic confirmation on deep tissue biopsy or isolation from blood cultures or @entity292 exudates, because Aspergillus is a common saprophytic fungus in external auditory canal. Concurrent @entity281 (i.e. @entity796 ) frequently delay the correct diagnosis. Aggressive surgical resection and intravenous antifungal chemotherapy ( @entity2379 or @entity2059 ) are the main therapeutic options. Outcome is poor as a consequence of severity, delay of etiologic diagnosis and difficulty of aggressive surgical approach in compromised @entity1 . In @entity1 with @entity791 a low CD4 cell count would favour invasive @entity281 , implying a worse outcome.

[Otomastoiditis caused by Aspergillus in XXXX ].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa'] @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B'] @entity17555 :: ('MESH:C535390', 'Disease') :: ['Aspergillus otomastoiditis'] @entity2972 :: ('MESH:D002558', 'Disease') :: ['Otorrhea'] @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve involvement'] @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['Bone destruction'] @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections'] @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections', 'Aspergillus infection'] @entity7867 :: ('MESH:D004433', 'Disease') :: ['otalgia'] @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss'] @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS'] @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']
@entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']
