BACKGROUND: The relation between the levels of dioxins in @entity1 breast milk and the smoking habits of the mothers is controversial. To clarify this relationship, we analyzed data from the @entity1 milk survey in Japan. METHODS: The @entity1 milk survey has been conducted in Japan since 1997. Healthy pregnant @entity1 aged 20-39 years were recruited and 50 ml of breast milk was collected from them at 30 days after delivery. PCDDs, PCDFs, and @entity8710 -like @entity3215 were measured by using GC/ @entity15 . The smoking habits of the mothers were established by interviewing them soon after delivery and were classified into four categories: current smokers, ever smokers who quit smoking at the pregnancy, ever smokers who quit smoking before the pregnancy, and never smokers. The levels of dioxins in breast milk were compared in the four categories of smoking among 853 primiparas. In addition, we analyzed the association between @entity8710 levels and passive smoking among never smokers. The geometric means of the @entity8710 concentrations were calculated in order to compare the differences between dioxins. RESULTS: The geometric means of @entity8710 -like @entity3215 in milk of never smokers was the highest (9.2 pg TEQ/g fat); followed by ever smokers who quit smoking before the pregnancy, ever smokers who quit smoking at the pregnancy, and current smokers (7.5, 7.2, and 6.6 pg TEQ/g fat, respectively). The differences between these levels were statistically significant (ANOVA, p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the level of dioxins in milk from never smokers subjected to passive smoking status and those who had not experienced passive smoking. CONCLUSION: The levels of @entity8710 -like @entity3215 in @entity1 milk were negatively related to the smoking habits of mothers.

Dioxins in XXXX milk and smoking of mothers.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human'] @entity8710 :: ('CHEBI:28119', 'Chemical') :: ['dioxin'] @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS'] @entity3215 :: ('MESH:D011078', 'Chemical') :: ['PCBs']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
