Whether @entity1619 waves (GNT) of 1 mV or greater represent the electrocardiographic characteristics of @entity296 , particularly apical @entity1121 , is controversial. To clarify this point, a comparative study was conducted for 57 @entity1 with GNT (GNT+ group) and 57 @entity1 of @entity1121 with either @entity14087 or @entity1184 of the ventricular wall in the absence of GNT (GNT- group). @entity1 with cerebral vascular accidents, @entity583 , @entity340 , myopericarditis, and implanted pacemakers were excluded from the study because these @entity1 ' ECGs may show GNT. Left ventriculograms were investigated at end-diastole in the right anterior oblique projection. The GNT+ group showed a spade-like configuration indicating a marked reduction in the lumen of the apical cavity in 25 cases (43.9%); a @entity8 indicating the inferior wall bulging into the left ventricular cavity in its mid-zone in eight cases (14.0%), and an oval configuration which indicated no @entity1002 in 24 (42.1%). The spade-like configuration was also seen in four cases (7.0%) of the GNT- group. A study of ventricular wall thicknesses based on left ventriculography showed that 25.5% of cases with GNT did not have concomitant apical @entity1184 . Generally, the GNT+ group cases had a significantly thicker anterior left ventricular wall and apical @entity1184 compared to the GNT- group. The @entity1184 states of the apical wall and anterior wall of the left ventricle correlated well. The GNT+ group included a significantly larger percentage of @entity1 who were middle aged and older than did the GNT- group, and the frequency of accompanying @entity101 was significantly higher in the former. The confirmed or suspected familial occurrence of @entity296 ( @entity296 ) was observed in 32 cases (56.1%) of the GNT- group, and in 18 cases (31.6%) of the GNT+ group, i.e., the incidence was significantly lower in the GNT+ group. In an endomyocardial biopsy study, 40 cases (70.1%) of HCM without GNT had bizarre @entity1283 with disorganization (BMHD). The incidence of BMHD in the GNT+ group was 21/57 (36.8%)-significantly lower than in the GNT- group. In the GNT- group, there was no significant difference in the incidence of BMHD between relatively young and old @entity1 or between @entity1 with and without accompanying @entity101 ; whereas, in the GNT+ group, it was significantly lower among those with accompanying @entity101 and in older @entity1 than in those without accompanying @entity101 and in younger @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

[Do XXXX waves represent apical @entity1121 ? Left ventriculographic and cardiac biopsy studies].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'persons'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney or banana-like configuration'] @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic cardiomyopathy', 'cardiomyopathy', 'CM'] @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['giant negative T'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse hypertrophy', 'hypertrophy', 'hypertrophic'] @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial hypertrophy'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions'] @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease'] @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy'] @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['deformity of the left ventricular cavity'] @entity14087 :: ('MESH:C566005', 'Disease') :: ['asymmetric septal hypertrophy']
@entity1619 :: (MESH:D015458,Disease) :: ['giant negative T']
