The most common cause of @entity2023 in Japan is the @entity12261 (JC). Recently, a pullulan-conjugated antigen (CS-560) has been developed to reduce adverse effects and to enhance the effect of JC-specific immunotherapy (IT). If the mechanism of IT can be fully elucidated and the treatment can be used safely and with specificity, IT should be reconsidered as a superior treatment for @entity2023 . Thirteen @entity1 with @entity2023 who received IT were compared to 10 @entity1 who did not receive IT. All @entity1 were followed through two pollen seasons by means of @entity566 diaries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected before IT and just before each pollen season, and these were stimulated with pollen extract. The concentrations of @entity3646 , @entity225 , @entity4047 and @entity379 in the culture supernatants were determined using an ELISA. Furthermore, messenger (m)RNA expressions of @entity3646 and @entity225 from cultured PBMC were also studied. As a result of the @entity566 diaries, we confirmed the clinical efficacy of CS-560. The symptom-medication scores were significantly decreased by IT. The levels of @entity3646 , @entity225 and @entity4047 declined only in the IT group. However, the level of @entity379 did not change in either group. @entity3646 and @entity225 mRNA expressions were inhibited in the IT group compared to that in the non-IT group. In conclusion, specific IT for @entity2023 using CS-560 clearly modified cytokine expression by PBMC.

The effect of XXXX -specific immunotherapy on cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

@entity12261 :: ('3369', 'Species') :: ['Japanese cedar'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity225 :: ('3567', 'Gene') :: ['IL-5'] @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['seasonal allergic rhinitis', 'JC pollinosis'] @entity4047 :: ('3596', 'Gene') :: ['IL-13'] @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma'] @entity3646 :: ('3565', 'Gene') :: ['IL-4']
@entity12261 :: (3369,Species) :: ['Japanese cedar']
