INTRODUCTION: Selected @entity1 with stage III (N2/N3) @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) who are downstaged to N0 by chemoradiation therapy might benefit from subsequent surgical resection of the @entity5 . How mediastinal lymph nodes can be best reevaluated is subject of debate. Transesophageal ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a minimally invasive technique to sample mediastinal nodes. We assessed sensitivity and false-negative rate of EUS-FNA for the mediastinal restaging of @entity1 with @entity5 . METHODS: Fifty-eight consecutive @entity1 with @entity5 and tissue-proven lymph node @entity3 N2/N3) who underwent EUS-FNA for restaging purposes after chemoradiation therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical-pathological staging was used as the reference standard for nodal @entity3 . RESULTS: EUS-FNA found persistent nodal @entity3 (N2/N3) in 15 @entity1 (26%). Of the 43 @entity1 without persistent mediastinal @entity3 at EUS, 33 @entity1 subsequently underwent surgical verification of the mediastinal nodes in whom persistent @entity3 (yN2/N3) were found in 19 @entity1 (58%), and loco-regional downstaging (yN0) was achieved in the other 14 (42%). The prevalence of persistent nodal @entity3 in the 48 @entity1 who could be analyzed was 71%. Sensitivity and the false-negative rate of EUS-FNA for mediastinal restaging were 44 and 58%, respectively. DISCUSSION: For mediastinal restaging of @entity5 , EUS-FNA is a minimally invasive and safe method to confirm persistent nodal @entity3 , but this technique has a low negative predictive value and is therefore not useful for the exclusion of mediastinal @entity3 . Surgical restaging is indicated in the absence of mediastinal @entity3 at EUS-FNA.

Transesophageal ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for the mediastinal restaging of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'stage III NSCLC'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']
@entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']
