PURPOSE: The MONICA (MONItoring of trends and determinants in @entity65 ) project in the region of Augsburg, Southern Germany, is the first population-based cohort study in Germany investigating the association of the risk factors @entity101 , @entity1007 and smoking with incident @entity583 and total mortality, and to assess their impact at the population level. METHODS: At baseline, 1074 @entity1 and 1013 @entity1 aged 45-64 years were randomly selected from the population in the Augsburg region and extensively interviewed and examined regarding their cardiovascular risk profile. They were traced over 13 years from 1984-1997. We calculated incidence rates, hazard rate ratios, population attributable risks (PAR), and rate advancement periods (RAP) according to the three risk factors and their combinations. RESULTS: Among @entity1 , 107 @entity583 and 204 total mortality events occurred during the study period; in @entity1 the number of total mortality cases was 102. The three classical risk factors were associated with incident @entity583 in @entity1 and with total mortality in @entity1 and @entity1 over a period of 13 years. Heavily smoking @entity1 had a particularly high risk of total mortality (HRR=4.2; 95% CI 2.5-7.0) and @entity583 (HRR=3.8; 1.9-7.6). @entity1 with treated @entity101 were at equally high risk for both total mortality (HRR=2.4; 1.5-3.7) and @entity583 (HRR=2.4; 1.3-4.3). In @entity1 , treated @entity101 (HRR=2.5; 1.5-4.1) and @entity1007 (HRR=2.0; 1.2-3.3) were most strongly related to total mortality. Regarding the association of risk factor combinations and @entity583 among @entity1 , the presence of all three risk factors simultaneously (HRR=7.9; 3.6-17.3) and the combination smoking/ @entity1007 (HRR=5.8; 3.2-10.5) were particularly hazardous. In total, the three risk factors contributed 54% of the burden of @entity583 in the male study population. The rate advancement periods for @entity583 related to treated @entity101 , @entity1007 and heavy smoking were 10.5, 5.8 and 15.8 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the outstanding impact of the classical risk factors on @entity583 and total mortality in a southern German population. @entity301 is largely preventable through risk factor reduction. Therefore, risk factor counselling, education and treatment are crucial to prevent @entity1 from developing the disease or dying prematurely.

[Classical risk factors for XXXX and total mortality in the community--13-year follow-up of the MONICA Augsburg cohort study].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Men', 'people', 'men'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia'] @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary heart disease'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions', 'myocardial infarction'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CArdiovascular disease']
@entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']
