BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that postmenopausal hormone use may decrease the risk for @entity14 . OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of postmenopausal hormone therapy to @entity2513 and @entity5 . DESIGN: Prospective cohort and nested case-control studies. SETTING: Nurses' Health Study, a study of registered nurses recruited from 11 U.S. states. @entity1 : 59 002 postmenopausal @entity1 in the Nurses' Health Study. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported data on hormone use and cases of distal @entity2513 and @entity14 obtained from biennial questionnaires completed from 1980 to 1994. Cases of @entity2513 and @entity5 were confirmed by medical record review. RESULTS: 470 @entity1 developed @entity14 , and 838 developed distal @entity2513 . Current use of postmenopausal hormones was associated with a decreased risk for @entity14 (relative risk [RR], 0.65 [95% CI, 0.50 to 0.83]). This association was attenuated in past users (RR, 0.84 [CI, 0.67 to 1.05]) and disappeared 5 years after hormone use was discontinued (RR, 0.92 [CI, 0.70 to 1.21]). Longer duration of current use did not afford greater protection (RR with > or =5 years of use, 0.72 [CI, 0.53 to 0.96]). Even after exclusion of @entity1 who reported having screening sigmoidoscopy, the relative risk for @entity14 seen with current hormone use was 0.64 (CI, 0.49 to 0.82). This suggests that the apparent protection is unlikely to be due to more intensive screening among hormone users. Current users also had a lower risk for large (> or =1 cm) @entity652 than did @entity1 who had never used hormones (RR, 0.74 [CI, 0.55 to 0.99]), although no overall material association was seen between @entity2513 and current hormone use (RR, 0.91 [CI,0.77 to 1.08]). CONCLUSIONS: The risk for @entity14 was decreased among @entity1 currently receiving postmenopausal hormone therapy, but the apparent reduction substantially diminished upon cessation of therapy. Hormone use was inversely associated with large @entity2513 but not small ones.

Postmenopausal hormone use and risk for @entity14 and XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS'] @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer'] @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal adenomas', 'colorectal adenoma']
@entity652 :: (MESH:D000236,Disease) :: ['adenoma']
