@entity3918 (DMs) are clinically similar but distinct @entity66 related to different repeat expansion mutations. CNS involvement is one important aspect of both, @entity3918 type 1 and type 2 ( @entity6045 , @entity4989 ). Transcran ial sonography (TCS) has become a reliable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of several @entity9555 . The aim of this study was to evaluate TCS-findings in @entity3918 - @entity1 in correlation with their clinical status. Thirty-one @entity3918 - @entity1 ( @entity6045  =  17; @entity4989  =  14) were examined clinically and sonographically by independent physicians. Echogenicities of basal ganglia and @entity3308 regions were assessed according to the examination protocol for @entity21 using a Toshiba Aplio(  ) XG ultrasound system. @entity854 were correlated to clinical findings and secondly compared to 31 controls. Ventricle diameters were additionally compared to 3T-MRI volumetry. Nine @entity1 (29  %) showed @entity16001 . @entity3308 raphe was hypoechogenic in nine (29  %) @entity3918 - @entity1 and was more frequently in @entity6045 @entity1 (p  =  0.021). Width of third ventricle was significantly larger in the @entity1 group (p  =  0.021) and correlated with MRI-based volumetry (R (2)  =  0.756). Pathological raphe signal was observed mainly in @entity1 suffering from @entity25 (sensitivity  =  42.1  %, specificity  =  88.9  %, p  =  0,044), while alterations did not correlate with symptoms of @entity308 . As a novel finding, a relation between @entity3308 raphe echogenicity and excessive @entity25 could be identified in our @entity3918 - @entity1 . An alteration of serotonergic raphe structures might be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity2147 in @entity3918 . TCS allows for measurement of third ventricle enlargement as a feasible bedside test.

Evaluation of CNS involvement in XXXX type 1 and type 2 by transcranial sonography.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity16001 :: ('MESH:D058535', 'Disease') :: ['hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression'] @entity3308 :: ('MESH:D020295', 'Disease') :: ['mesencephalic', 'Mesencephalic'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystemic diseases'] @entity6045 :: ('1760', 'Gene') :: ['DM1'] @entity9555 :: ('MESH:D001928', 'Disease') :: ['CNS disorders'] @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['hypersomnia'] @entity4989 :: ('28508', 'Gene') :: ['DM2'] @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['TCS abnormalities'] @entity21 :: ('MESH:D001480', 'Disease') :: ['extrapyramidal disorders'] @entity3918 :: ('MESH:D009223', 'Disease') :: ['DM', 'Myotonic dystrophies', 'myotonic dystrophy'] @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness']
@entity3918 :: (MESH:D009223,Disease) :: ['myotonic dystrophy']
