BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment for resected @entity788 is controversial because direct comparisons of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) alone and chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT) are limited. This study assessed outcomes of CT versus CRT in a national cohort to provide a modern estimate of comparative effectiveness. METHODS: @entity1 with @entity2558 -3N0-1M0 @entity788 after pancreatectomy were identified in the National @entity5 Data Base. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) was compared for CT and CRT groups with Cox regression and propensity score matching. Subset analyses by clinicopathologic characteristics were performed. RESULTS: This study identified 6165 @entity1 treated with CT (n   =   2334 or 38%) or CRT (n   =   3831 or 62%). Most were classified as @entity1803 (72%), @entity3121 (67%), and status-post R0 resection (84%). For CRT @entity1 , the median radiotherapy dose was 50.4 Gy. Compared with CT, CRT was associated with improved @entity1349 in a univariate analysis (median, 20.0 vs 22.3 months; at 5 years, 16.5% vs 19.6%; P   <   .001) and a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.893; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.837-0.953; P   =   .001). CRT remained associated with improved @entity1349 after propensity score matching (HR, 0.851; 95% CI, 0.793-0.913; P   <   .001). Subset analyses showed that CRT was associated with improved @entity1349 among @entity1 with @entity1803 (HR, 0.892; 95% CI, 0.828-0.962; P   =   .003) or @entity3121 disease (HR, 0.856; 95% CI, 0.793-0.924; P   <   .001) and both R0 resection (HR, 0.901; 95% CI, 0.839-0.969; P   =   .005) and R1 resection (HR, 0.842; 95% CI, 0.722-0.983; P   =   .030). CONCLUSIONS: CRT was independently associated with improved @entity1349 after the resection of @entity788 in a large national cohort and particularly among @entity1 with R1 resection and @entity3121 disease. Well-designed randomized comparisons of CRT and CT are urgently needed. @entity5 2015;121:4141-4149.    2015 American @entity5 Society.

Addition of radiotherapy to adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved overall survival in resected @entity788 : An analysis of the National XXXX Data Base.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma'] @entity2558 :: ('58492', 'Gene') :: ['pT1'] @entity1803 :: ('7694', 'Gene') :: ['pT3'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer'] @entity3121 :: ('5270', 'Gene') :: ['pN1'] @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']
