INTRODUCTION: At the turn of the twentieth century, diagnosis of pediatric @entity1504 frequently relied exclusively on the subtle, nonspecific signs associated with these pathologies. In absence of detailed neuroimaging, erroneous diagnoses and misdirected operative explorations were common within pediatric populations. METHODS: Following institutional review board approval, and through the courtesy of the Alan Mason Chesney Archives, we reviewed the surgical files from the Johns Hopkins Hospital for the years 1896-1912. Harvey @entity699 were collected and further analyzed. RESULTS: A 9-year-old @entity1 presented with a year-long history of @entity10 and @entity1939 . His neurological examination was remarkable for focal @entity129 and cerebellar signs. Cushing diagnosed a @entity17692 with @entity1276 and performed two suboccipital explorations with negative results. The @entity1 died prior to further operative intervention, and the postmortem examination revealed a large @entity5683 within the left lateral ventricle. CONCLUSIONS: Early neurosurgical diagnosis and operative planning was fraught with difficulties, and surgeons relied solely on history and physical examination for localization of @entity1504 . Here we report a case of a @entity5683 of the lateral ventricle, which was misdiagnosed by Cushing. This case serves to emphasize the unique challenges faced by pediatric neurosurgeons at the turn of the twentieth century, who relied solely on history and examination to localize @entity1504 .

Unique challenges faced by pediatric neurosurgeon Harvey Cushing in 1909 at Johns Hopkins: a XXXX of the lateral ventricle mimicking a cerebellar lesion.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'boy'] @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial nerve deficits'] @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus'] @entity5683 :: ('MESH:D016545', 'Disease') :: ['choroid plexus tumor'] @entity699 :: ('MESH:D003480', 'Disease') :: ["Cushing's neurosurgical cases"] @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial lesions'] @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness'] @entity17692 :: ('MESH:D002528', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar tumor'] @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']
@entity5683 :: (MESH:D016545,Disease) :: ['choroid plexus tumor']
