Stressor and cytokine challenges provoke several common effects, and may synergistically influence behavioral and neurochemical functioning. In the present investigation, we assessed whether the effects of poly I:C would be influenced when administered on a backdrop of a psychosocial stressor. In na  ve @entity19 , @entity14018 (2mg/kg) modestly @entity146 , plasma @entity777 , @entity637 and @entity1618 levels, but did not affect @entity5003 , @entity58 , or @entity60 . The viral analogue also increased plasma @entity2819 levels and @entity1063 (NE) utilization within the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVN) and hippocampus. However, among @entity19 that had experienced social disruption (comprising 14 days of isolation followed by regrouping), the behavioral, @entity777 , @entity1618 , and corticoid alterations provoked by poly I:C were markedly augmented. Moreover, following social disruption the effect of poly I:C on NE utilization was increased within the PVN, prefrontal cortex and central amygdala, as was @entity750 utilization within the hippocampus. The effects of poly I:C were likewise augmented following social disruption engendered by introducing @entity19 to strangers.. However, among @entity19 that had previously been exposed to a chronic, variable psychosocial stressor regimen, the augmented behavioral, neuroendocrine and @entity1154 effects of poly I:C were absent, and @entity777 and @entity1618 levels were reduced relative to @entity19 that had not been chronically stressed. In contrast, levels of @entity635 and @entity60 were increased. Mechanisms that might be responsible for the interactive effects of social disruption and immune activation are presented, and the data were related to @entity308 symptoms associated with stressor and cytokine treatments.

Influence of poly I:C on sickness behaviors, plasma cytokines, XXXX and central @entity1154 activity: moderation by social stressors.

@entity14018 :: ('MESH:D011070', 'Chemical') :: ['poly I:C'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['increased sickness behaviors'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity635 :: ('16176(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1 beta'] @entity60 :: ('15978(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma'] @entity5003 :: ('111343(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1'] @entity1618 :: ('16153(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-10'] @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone'] @entity777 :: ('16193(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity58 :: ('16189(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-4'] @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin'] @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine'] @entity637 :: ('21926(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TNF-alpha']
@entity2819 :: (MESH:D003345,Chemical) :: ['corticosterone']
