In utero exposure to @entity1092 ( @entity2052 ) during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of @entity601 ( @entity601 ). Although the mechanism by which @entity2052 mediates these effects is unknown, @entity2052 -initiated changes in embryonic protein levels have been implicated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of in utero @entity2052 exposure on embryonic protein levels of @entity899 , @entity1991 , @entity8627 , @entity17227 , @entity1380 , and @entity1379 in the @entity2659 @entity19 . We also evaluated the protective effects of @entity1501 and @entity21410 on @entity2052 -induced @entity601 and @entity2052 -induced embryonic protein changes in this model. Pregnant @entity2659 @entity19 were administered a teratogenic dose of @entity2052 prior to neural tube closure and embryonic protein levels were analyzed. In our study, @entity2052 (400 mg/kg)-induced @entity601 (24%) and @entity2052 -exposed embryos with an NTD showed a 2-fold increase in @entity899 , and 4-fold decreases in @entity1991 , @entity8627 , and @entity17227 protein levels compared to their phenotypically normal littermates (P<0.05). Additionally, @entity2052 increased the ratio of embryonic @entity1380 / @entity1379 protein levels (P<0.05). Pretreatment of pregnant dams with either @entity1501 or @entity21410 prior to @entity2052 significantly protected against @entity2052 -induced @entity601 (P<0.05). @entity1501 also reduced @entity2052 -induced alterations in @entity899 , @entity1991 , @entity8627 , @entity17227 , and @entity1380 / @entity1379 protein levels, while @entity21410 prevented @entity2052 -induced alterations in @entity1991 , @entity8627 , and @entity17227 . We hypothesize that @entity1501 and @entity21410 protect @entity2659 embryos from @entity2052 -induced @entity601 by independent, but not mutually exclusive mechanisms, both of which may be mediated by the prevention of @entity2052 -induced alterations in proteins involved in neurulation.

XXXX and @entity21410 protection against @entity1092 -induced @entity601 in @entity2659 @entity19 .

@entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid', 'Folic acid'] @entity1380 :: ('12028(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Bax'] @entity1991 :: ('18033(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['NF-kappaB'] @entity17227 :: ('17863(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['c-Myb'] @entity899 :: ('22060(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['p53'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse'] @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid'] @entity2659 :: ('111334(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CD-1'] @entity2052 :: ('CHEBI:39867', 'Chemical') :: ['VPA'] @entity601 :: ('MESH:D009436', 'Disease') :: ['NTDs', 'neural tube defects'] @entity8627 :: ('18712(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Pim-1'] @entity1379 :: ('12043(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Bcl-2'] @entity21410 :: ('MESH:D010205', 'Chemical') :: ['pantothenic acid']
@entity1501 :: (MESH:D005492,Chemical) :: ['Folic acid']
