AIMS: The effects on angiogenesis of a novel @entity436 ( @entity436 ) antagonist, @entity1570 , derived from @entity1 stromal cell-derived factor-1beta (SDF-1beta), were examined in a model of hind limb ischaemia in @entity19 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The antagonistic activities of @entity1570 against @entity436 were evaluated in vitro and in vivo and compared with @entity1391 -buffered saline and @entity9019 (a small bicyclam antagonist of @entity1570 ). Angiogenesis, muscle regeneration and the expression of pro-angiogenic factors were evaluated in ischaemic gastrocnemius muscles. Distant toxic effects of @entity1570 were evaluated by inflammatory and apoptotic markers. @entity1570 induced @entity436 internalization and competitively inhibited the chemotaxis of SDF-1beta but did not mediate migration, @entity460 influx, or the phosphorylation of @entity584 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in cultured @entity1619 cells or H9C2 cells. @entity1570 enhanced blood flow, angiogenesis, and muscle regeneration in ischaemic hind limbs, and the enhancement was significantly better than that of @entity9019 . Markers of angiogenesis and progenitor cell migration, including phosphorylated @entity584 , @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity1570 and @entity436 , were up-regulated by @entity1570 and co-localized with @entity2279 -positive cells. Neutralization of @entity7 with its specific antibody abolished @entity1570 -induced blood reperfusion and angiogenesis. No apparent inflammatory and apoptotic effects were found in heart, liver, kidneys, and testes after @entity1570 administration. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the novel @entity436 antagonist, @entity1570 , can efficiently enhance @entity7499 , blood flow restoration, and muscle regeneration without apparent adverse effects, most likely through a @entity7 -dependent pathway.

A novel @entity436 antagonist derived from @entity1 SDF-1beta enhances angiogenesis in ischaemic XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity1619 :: ('MESH:D015458', 'Disease') :: ['T-lymphoblastic leukaemia'] @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic angiogenesis'] @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity1570 :: ('6387', 'Gene') :: ['SDF-1betaP2G', 'SDF-1'] @entity584 :: ('207', 'Gene') :: ['Akt'] @entity2279 :: ('5175', 'Gene') :: ['CD31'] @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity9019 :: ('MESH:C088327', 'Chemical') :: ['AMD3100'] @entity436 :: ('7852', 'Gene') :: ['CXCR4', 'CXC chemokine receptor 4']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']
