OBJECTIVE: Because of the balance between achieving complete @entity410 freedom and minimizing the postoperative @entity51 , surgery for @entity302 originating from primary motor cortex is difficult. Here, we reported the outcomes of surgery for MRI-negative @entity302 originating from primary motor cortex in a case series. METHODS: Nine @entity1 with @entity302 originating from primary motor cortex underwent intracranial electrodes implantation after preoperative evaluation. Subdural grid electrodes and depth electrodes were implanted through craniotomy assisted by stereotactic technique. We delineated @entity302 zone and executed tailored resection according to results of intracranial electroencephalography and mapping. The @entity1 were followed up for at least one year. Muscle strength was respectively evaluated at different postoperative time (the first day, 2 weeks and 1 year). RESULTS: With regard to @entity410 outcome at the last follow-up, Engel class I outcome was achieved in five @entity1 , class II in three @entity1 and class III in one @entity1 . All cases had @entity86 in different degree on the first day after operation. Three @entity1 experienced distal muscle strength of single limb with grade 3 or lower and had obvious dysfunction at 1 year after operation. Six @entity1 experienced distal muscle sterngth of grade 4 or 5(Medical Research Council six-point scale) and had no obvious dysfunction at that time. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity1 of @entity302 originating from primary motor cortex were @entity410 free and had no obvious @entity51 in the follow-up. Epileptogenic zone resection may not be always contraindication for non-lesional @entity302 @entity1 originating from primary motor cortex.

Epileptic Zone Resection for MRI-negative XXXX Originating from Primary Motor Cortex.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure'] @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits'] @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative hemiparesis'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epileptic']
@entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Refractory Epilepsy']
