UNASSIGNED: Toscana virus (TOSV) is a Phlebovirus responsible for @entity1 @entity16 in endemic Mediterranean areas. The main viral target is the central nervous system, with @entity646 as a way of dissemination throughout the host. This study was aimed at understanding the spread of TOSV in the host by identifying the cell population infected by the virus and the vehicle to the organs. In vivo studies provided evidence that endothelial cells are infected by TOSV, indicating their potential role in the diffusion of the virus following viremic spread. These results were further confirmed in vitro. @entity1 peripheral mononuclear blood cells were infected with TOSV; only monocyte-derived dendritic cells were identified as susceptible to @entity778 . Productive viral replication was then observed in @entity1 monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) and in @entity1 endothelial cells by recovery of the virus from a cell supernatant. @entity650 was produced by both cell types upon @entity778 , mostly by endothelial cells, while moDCs particularly expressed @entity310 , which is known to induce a long-lasting decrease in endothelial cell barrier function. These cells could therefore be implicated in the spread of the virus in the host and in the infection of tissues that are affected by the disease, such as the central nervous system. The identification of in vitro and in vivo TOSV cell targets is an important tool for understanding the pathogenesis of the infection, providing new insight into virus-cell interaction for improved knowledge and control of this @entity1800 .

XXXX dendritic and endothelial cells opening the way for the central nervous system.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Human'] @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['TOSV infection'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['Interleukin-6'] @entity646 :: ('MESH:D014766', 'Disease') :: ['viremia'] @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['TNF-a'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological infections'] @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral disease']
@entity778 :: (MESH:D015658,Disease) :: ['Toscana virus infects']
