OBJECTIVE: Bone cement augmentation procedures such as percutaneous vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty have been shown to be effective treatment for acute or subacute @entity3814 . The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of bone cement augmentation procedures for long standing osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with late @entity891 and persistent back @entity158 . METHODS: Among 278 single level @entity3814 that were treated by vertebral augmentation procedures at our institute, 18 consecutive @entity1 were included in this study. Study inclusion was limited to initially, minimal compression fractures, but showing a poor prognosis due to late @entity891 , intravertebral vacuum clefts and continuous back @entity158 despite conservative treatment for more than one year. The subjects included three @entity1 and 15 @entity1 . The mean age was 70.7 with a range from 64 to 85 years of age. After postural reduction for two days, bone cement augmentation procedures following intraoperative pressure reduction were performed. Imaging and clinical findings, including the level of the vertebra involved, vertebral height restoration, injected cement volume, local @entity1513 , clinical outcome and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period after bone cement augmentation procedures was 14.3 months (range 12-27 months). The mean injected cement volume was 4.1 mL (range 2.4-5.9 mL). The unipedicular approach was possible in 15 @entity1 . The mean @entity158 score (visual analogue scale) prior to surgery was 7.1, which decreased to 3.1 at 7 days after the procedure. The @entity158 relief was maintained at the final follow up. The kyphotic angle improved significantly from 21.2    4.9   before surgery to 10.4    3.8   after surgery. The fraction of vertebral height increased from 30% to 60% after bone cement augmentation, and the restored vertebral height was maintained at the final follow up. There were no serious complications related to cement leakage. CONCLUSION: In the management of even long-standing osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture for over one year, bone cement augmentation procedures following postural reduction were considered safe and effective treatment in cases of non-healing evidence.

The role of bone cement augmentation in the treatment of chronic symptomatic XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men'] @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['kyphosis'] @entity3814 :: ('MESH:D050815', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures'] @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral collapse'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain']
@entity3814 :: (MESH:D050815,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic compression fracture']
