BACKGROUND: Genetics and environmental factors play a role in the pathogenesis of the complex disease, @entity6 . Two major pathophysiological defects coexist in this disease: impairment of insulin secretion by beta-cells and decreased insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. The aim of the study was to examine whether two polymorphisms: the @entity15646 substitution in the promoter region of @entity310 gene and the @entity40100 @entity535 variant of the @entity13704 gene; influence insulin resistance in individuals with positive family history of @entity6 . METHODS: Sixty individuals were included into this study: 28 @entity1 and 32 @entity1 , all of them with normal @entity413 tolerance. Insulin and @entity413 serum levels were were assessed during the OGTT on fasting and at 30 and 120 minutes. Secondary indices of insulin resistance were calculated based on these measurements. Genotyping of the both examined polymorphisms was performed using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method (RFLP). RESULTS: Homozygous and heterozygous carriers of the A allele in position -308 of the @entity310 gene promoter showed higher plasma insulin levels at 120 min OGTT versus GG carriers (44.77 microliters/ml; SD 40.4 vs. 26.82; SD 19.9; p = 0.04) and a higher ratio of the 30 min increment in insulin to the 30 min increment in @entity413 (35.4; SD 21.5 vs. 22.6: SD 21.5; p = 0.03). In addition, homo- and heterozygous carriers of the Q allele at residue 121 of the @entity13704 gene showed higher plasma @entity413 levels at 120 min OGTT compared to the KK subjects (5.38 mmol/l, SD 1.19 vs. 4.48, SD 1.11; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that both examined polymorphisms: the @entity15646 in the promoter region of @entity310 and @entity40100 @entity535 variant of the @entity13704 ; influence the development of insulin resistance as a prediabetic quantitative trait in a Polish population.

[ XXXX @entity13704 gene polymorphisms and pre- @entity6 quantitative features in the Polish population].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women'] @entity40100 :: ('p|SUB|K|121|Q', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['K121Q'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus'] @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['TNF-alpha'] @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid'] @entity13704 :: ('5310', 'Gene') :: ['PC-1'] @entity15646 :: ('c|SUB|G|-308|A', 'DNAMutation') :: ['-308 G/A'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']
@entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['TNF-alpha']
