Epidemiological and experimental evidence has shown that @entity5 progression. However, its role in anti-angiogenic therapy is not well understood. We previously found that exogenous @entity1063 attenuated the effect of @entity2240 , a multi-targeted anti-angiogenic agent, in a @entity19 @entity320 model. Here, we further evaluated the effects of chronic stress on @entity2240 therapy in @entity14 models. We found that chronic restraint stress markedly weakened the efficacy of @entity2240 , primarily through promoting the expression of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ) and @entity3806 ( @entity3806 ) to stimulate @entity5 angiogenesis in vivo. This effect could be sufficiently mimicked by exogenous @entity1063 and blocked by the b-antagonist @entity1169 . In vitro, @entity1063 up-regulated expression of @entity1611 and @entity3806 in @entity2240 -treated @entity5 cells mainly through the b-adrenoceptor- @entity268 -PKA signaling pathway. @entity1063 also abrogated @entity2240 -induced @entity5 cell migration, but had no effect on direct anti-proliferative activity of @entity2240 on @entity5 cells. These findings suggest that @entity1642 might attenuate anti-angiogenic therapy primarily through activating beta-adrenergic signaling to promote @entity5 angiogenesis. It is also suggested that b-blockers might improve anti-angiogenic outcome under @entity1642 .

The effect of chronic stress on anti-angiogenesis of @entity2240 in XXXX models.

@entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol'] @entity268 :: ('CHEBI:17489', 'Chemical') :: ['cAMP'] @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'psychological stress can propel cancer', 'cancer', 'inhibition of cancer'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse'] @entity3806 :: ('20309(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-8', 'interleukin-8'] @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer'] @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine'] @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['psychological stress'] @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']
@entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']
