RATIONALE: Impulsivity is associated with a number of @entity146 , most notably @entity71 ( @entity71 ). Drugs that augment @entity2922 function (e.g. @entity2727 and the selective @entity1063 reuptake inhibitor @entity4678 ) have clinical efficacy in @entity71 , but their precise mechanism of action is unclear. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the relative contribution of @entity935 (DA) and @entity1063 (NA) to the therapeutic effects of clinically effective drugs in @entity71 using @entity35 selected for high impulsivity on the five-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT). METHODS: We examined the effects of direct and indirect DA and NA receptor agonists and selective DA and NA reuptake inhibitors in @entity35 showing high and low levels of impulsivity on the 5CSRTT (designated high @entity23 ', respectively). Drugs were administered by systemic injection in a randomized, counterbalanced manner. RESULTS: Low doses of @entity11640 (a D2/D3 agonist) and @entity70337 (a D2 agonist) selectively reduced impulsivity on the 5CSRTT, whilst higher doses resulted in increased omissions and slower response latencies. The NA reuptake inhibitor, @entity4678 , and the alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, @entity1774 , dose dependently decreased premature responding. The dopaminergic reuptake inhibitor @entity11719 increased impulsivity, whereas the nonselective DA and NA reuptake inhibitor @entity2727 had no significant effect on impulsive responses in HI and @entity3162 @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that high impulsivity can be ameliorated in @entity35 by drugs that mimic the effects of DA and NA, just as in @entity71 , and that activation of D2/3 receptors selectively decreases high impulsivity on the 5CSRTT.

Modulation of high impulsivity and attentional performance in XXXX by selective direct and indirect dopaminergic and noradrenergic receptor agonists.

@entity11640 :: ('MESH:D019257', 'Chemical') :: ['quinpirole'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders'] @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine'] @entity3162 :: ('MESH:C538639', 'Disease') :: ['LI'] @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder'] @entity70337 :: ('MESH:C108539', 'Chemical') :: ['sumanirole'] @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ["impulsive 'HI' and low impulsive 'LI"] @entity4678 :: ('MESH:C041930', 'Chemical') :: ['atomoxetine'] @entity11719 :: ('MESH:C043425', 'Chemical') :: ['GBR-12909'] @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity1774 :: ('MESH:D016316', 'Chemical') :: ['guanfacine'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline'] @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']
