UNASSIGNED: Although reduced @entity701 reactivity to stress and increased circulating @entity251 level are hypothesized to be associated with higher levels of externalizing behavior, empirical findings are inconsistent. One factor that may account for the heterogeneity in these relationships is prenatal @entity251 exposure. This study examined whether the second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal @entity251 exposure, moderates the relationships of @entity251 and @entity701 reactivity with externalizing behavior. Left and right hand 2D:4D and self-reported externalizing behavior were measured in a sample of 353 young adolescents (M age=11.92 years; 178 females; 79.7% African American). Saliva samples were collected before and after a stress task and later assayed for @entity701 . @entity251 levels were determined from an AM saliva sample. 2D:4D interacted with @entity701 reactivity to predict externalizing behavior in males, but not females. In males, low @entity701 reactivity was associated with higher levels of aggression and rule-breaking behavior, but only among subjects with low 2D:4D (i.e., high prenatal @entity251 ). Findings suggest the importance of a multi-systems approach in which interactions between multiple hormones are taken into account. Furthermore, results demonstrate the importance of considering the organizational influence of prenatal @entity251 in order to understand the activational influence of circulating hormones during adolescence.

Digit ratio (2D:4D) moderates the relationship between XXXX reactivity and self-reported externalizing behavior in young adolescent males.

@entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone', 'Testosterone'] @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']
@entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['cortisol']
