@entity1 are exposed to @entity172 in several forms, such as oral contraceptive pills and hormone replacement therapy. Although @entity172 was believed to be cardioprotective, lately, its beneficial effects are being questioned. Recent studies indicate that oxidative stress in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) may play a role in the development of @entity101 . Therefore, we hypothesized that chronic exposure to low levels of @entity53 -17b (E(2)) leads to @entity101 in adult-cycling female Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity35 potentially through generation of @entity224 in the RVLM. To test this hypothesis, young adult (3 or 4 mo old) female SD @entity35 were either sham-implanted or implanted (subcutaneously) with slow-release E(2) pellets (20 ng/day) for 90 days. A group of control and E(2)-treated animals were fed lab chow or chow containing @entity4025 (0.84 g/kg of chow), an antioxidant. @entity35 were implanted with telemeters to continuously monitor blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). At the end of treatment, the RVLM was isolated for measurements of @entity224 . E(2) treatment significantly increased mean arterial pressure (mmHg) and HR (beats/min) compared with sham @entity35 (119.6    0.8 vs. 105.1    0.7 mmHg and 371.7    1.5 vs. 354.4    1.3 beats/min, respectively; P < 0.0001). Diastolic and systolic BP were significantly increased in E(2)-treated @entity35 compared with control animals. @entity224 levels in the RVLM increased significantly in the E(2)-treated group (0.833    0.11 nmol/min  mg) compared with control (0.532    0.04 nmol/min  mg; P < 0.05). Treatment with @entity4025 reversed the E(2)-induced increases in BP and @entity224 levels in the RVLM. In conclusion, these findings support the hypothesis that chronic exposure to low levels of E(2) induces @entity101 and increases @entity224 levels in the RVLM and that this effect can be reversed by @entity4025 treatment.

Chronic XXXX -17b exposure increases @entity224 production in the rostral ventrolateral medulla and causes @entity101 : reversal by @entity4025 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women'] @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Rats', 'rats'] @entity4025 :: ('MESH:C059514', 'Chemical') :: ['resveratrol'] @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide', 'Superoxide']
@entity53 :: (MESH:D004958,Chemical) :: ['estradiol']
