To determine the value of transvaginal sonography in @entity1 with a previous history of second trimester miscarriage due to @entity5027 , 55 @entity1 were subjected to either elective cervical cerclage or follow-up (every second @entity1 ) with weekly evaluations of the cervix by transvaginal ultrasonography. Emergency cerclage was applied when significant cervical changes were noted. All @entity1 were evaluated with cervical cultures and ultrasound. @entity1 with @entity281 , fibroids, uterine @entity600 and multiple pregnancies were excluded from the study. The study population was divided in two groups. In group I (n=27) elective cerclage was applied during the 14th week. @entity1 in group II (n=28) were subjected to serial weekly evaluations of the cervix by transvaginal ultrasonograms. In 18 cases emergency cerclage was applied due to significant cervical changes. In group I, labor started before the 33rd week in two cases (7.4%), between 33 and 37 weeks in nine (33.3%) and after the 37th week in 16 cases (59.2%). Out of the 18 @entity1 in group II who had cervical cerclage after ultrasonographic evaluation, four (22.2%) delivered before the 33rd week, three (16.6%) between 33 and 37 weeks and 11 (61.1%) after the 37th week. No statistical difference was noted between the two groups referring to pregnancy outcome (p<0.1). We concluded that ultrasound-guided management despite cervical @entity3207 , does not result in unfavorable pregnancy outcome. A significant number of @entity1 can avoid the operation.

The value of transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosis and management of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women'] @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations'] @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection'] @entity5027 :: ('MESH:D002581', 'Disease') :: ['cervical incompetence']
@entity5027 :: (MESH:D002581,Disease) :: ['cervical incompetence']
