One favored mechanism of action of @entity1638 (GA) in @entity15 ( @entity15 ) involves the induction of GA-reactive Th2 cells that are believed to enter the central nervous system and mediate bystander suppression in response to cross-reactive myelin antigens. To test this hypothesis, we examined the proliferative response and cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 12 @entity15 @entity1 treated with GA, in response to 16 myelin peptides that were previously described as immunodominant or encephalitogenic and a @entity116 peptide as a control antigen. @entity379 ( @entity379 ) and @entity225 (markers of @entity1198 and Th2 responses, respectively) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). GA-stimulated PBMCs from 9 of 12 @entity1 (75%) proliferated to one or more myelin peptides. Among the 16 peptides tested, GA-stimulated PBMCs from the majority of the @entity1 proliferated in response to MOG(21-44). PBMCs from two thirds of the @entity1 produced @entity225 in response to myelin peptides, while half of them produced @entity379 . @entity1198 /Th0/Th2 cytokine phenotypes demonstrated that responses from 10 of 12 @entity1 were either Th0- or Th2-biased. Responses from two @entity1 were @entity1198 -biased. Conversely, some myelin-specific @entity784 ( @entity784 ) responded to GA by proliferation (3 of 21 @entity784 ), @entity225 release (11 of 21 @entity784 ), and @entity379 release (3 of 21 @entity784 ). These results indicate that GA-reactive @entity784 can respond to a spectrum of myelin peptides in a Th2-biased fashion, which is consistent with the concept of bystander suppression. Furthermore, some myelin-specific @entity784 are able to recognize GA, with a tendency to produce more @entity225 than @entity379 , which would suggest a systemic modulatory effect of the drug.

XXXX -reactive peripheral blood mononuclear cells respond to multiple myelin antigens with a Th2-biased phenotype.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity225 :: ('3567', 'Gene') :: ['IL-5'] @entity1638 :: ('MESH:C089995', 'Chemical') :: ['glatiramer acetate'] @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['TCLs', 'T-cell lines'] @entity1198 :: ('51497', 'Gene') :: ['Th1'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['Interferon-gamma', 'IFN-gamma'] @entity116 :: ('MESH:D013746', 'Disease') :: ['tetanus'] @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']
@entity1638 :: (MESH:C089995,Chemical) :: ['Glatiramer acetate']
