We investigated the interactions of @entity4336 meal or molasses [nonstructural @entity1735 (NSC) supplements] with a @entity1460 -sunflower meal mix or flaxseed meal [ @entity1797 ( @entity1797 ) supplements] on animal production, milk @entity1718 profile, and nutrient utilization in dairy @entity291 fed grass hay diets. Eight multiparous and 8 primiparous Jersey @entity291 averaging 135  49d in milk and 386  61kg of body weight in the beginning of the study were randomly assigned to 4 replicated 4*4 Latin squares with a 2*2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Each period lasted 19d with 14d for diet adaptation and 5d for data and sample collection. @entity291 were fed diets composed of mixed-mostly grass hay plus 1 of the following 4 concentrate blends: (1) @entity4336 meal plus a protein mix containing @entity1460 meal and sunflower meal; (2) @entity4336 meal plus flaxseed meal; (3) liquid molasses plus a protein mix containing @entity1460 meal and sunflower meal; or (4) liquid molasses plus flaxseed meal. Data were analyzed for main effects of NSC and @entity1797 supplements, and the NSC * @entity1797 supplement interactions. Significant NSC * @entity1797 supplement interactions were observed for milk urea N, milk N efficiency, and the sums of milk saturated, monounsaturated, and @entity1474 . No effect of NSC supplements was observed for nutrient intake and milk yield. However, 4% fat-corrected milk (-0.70kg/d) and energy-corrected milk (-0.60kg/d) were significantly reduced in @entity291 fed liquid molasses due to a trend to decreased concentration of milk fat (-0.17%). Diets with liquid molasses resulted in increased (+35%) concentration and yield of milk enterolactone, indicating that this @entity1 @entity24829 can be modulated by supplements with different NSC profiles. Overall, NSC and @entity1797 supplements profoundly changed the milk @entity844 profile, likely because of differences in @entity1718 intake,   (9)-desaturase indices, and ruminal biohydrogenation pathways. Feeding liquid molasses significantly reduced plasma @entity1133 N (-1.2mg/dL), urinary N excretion (-20g/d), and N digestibility (-3.2 percentage units). Flaxseed meal significantly reduced yields of milk (-1.3kg/d), milk fat (-90g/d), and milk @entity1132 (-60g/d), but significantly increased the concentration and yield of milk @entity24215 . Further research is needed to elucidate the negative responses of flaxseed meal on yields of milk and milk components.

Interactions of @entity4336 meal or molasses with a @entity1460 -sunflower meal mix or flaxseed meal on production, milk @entity844 composition, and nutrient utilization in dairy XXXX fed grass hay-based diets.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian'] @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid'] @entity1133 :: ('MESH:D014508', 'Chemical') :: ['urea'] @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['rumen-degradable protein', 'RDP'] @entity4336 :: ('381124', 'Species') :: ['corn'] @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate'] @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids'] @entity1132 :: ('MESH:D007785', 'Chemical') :: ['lactose'] @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['soybean'] @entity24829 :: ('CHEBI:25036', 'Chemical') :: ['lignan'] @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['Cows', 'cows'] @entity24215 :: ('MESH:C029497', 'Chemical') :: ['enterolactone']
@entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']
