AIMS: In vitro studies have demonstrated that formation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS) contributes to the effect of bactericidal antibiotics. The formation of ROS is not restricted to bacteria, but also occurs in @entity1 cells. Oxidative stress is linked to several diseases. This study investigates whether antibiotic drugs induce oxidative stress in healthy @entity1 as a possible mechanism for adverse reactions to the antibiotic drugs. METHODS: This study contains information from two randomised, controlled trials. @entity1 underwent one-week treatment with @entity4581 , @entity206 , @entity11121 ( @entity11121 ), or placebo. Oxidative modifications were measured as 24-hour urinary excretion of @entity20821 ( @entity20821 ), @entity47433 ( @entity47433 ), and plasma levels of @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) before and after treatment as a measurement of DNA oxidation, RNA oxidation, and lipid peroxidation, respectively. RESULTS: @entity4581 significantly increased urinary excretion of @entity20821 by 22.0 % (95% CI: 3.6-40.4 %) and @entity47433 by 14.9 % (95% CI: 3.7-26.1 %), which could be a possible mechanism to some of its adverse reactions. Further, we demonstrated that @entity206 significantly lowered urinary excretion of @entity20821 by 21.7 % (95% CI: 5.8-37.6 %), but did not influence urinary excretion of @entity47433 . @entity114 V did not influence urinary excretion of @entity20821 or @entity47433 . None of the antibiotic drugs influenced plasma levels of @entity1865 . CONCLUSION: @entity4581 significantly increases oxidative nucleic acid modifications. Increased oxidative modifications might explain some of @entity4581 's known adverse reactions. @entity206 significantly lowers DNA oxidation but not RNA oxidation. @entity11121 had no effect on oxidative nucleic acid modifications.

@entity4581 , @entity206 , and XXXX and oxidative nucleic acid modifications in @entity1 : randomised, controlled trials.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'Participants'] @entity20821 :: ('MESH:C067134', 'Chemical') :: ["8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine", '8-oxodG'] @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['Penicillin'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['Clarithromycin', 'clarithromycin'] @entity47433 :: ('MESH:C046215', 'Chemical') :: ['8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine', '8-oxoGuo'] @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde'] @entity11121 :: ('MESH:D010404', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin V', 'phenoxymethylpenicillin', 'Penicillin V'] @entity1865 :: ('CHEBI:566274', 'Chemical') :: ['MDA'] @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['Trimethoprim', 'trimethoprim']
@entity114 :: (MESH:D010406,Chemical) :: ['penicillin']
