UNASSIGNED: @entity358 is used by competitive breath-hold divers and is accomplished by @entity5587 ( @entity5587 ) known to compress the heart and pulmonary vessels, increasing sympathetic activity and lowering cardiac output (CO) without known consequence for organ perfusion. Myocardial, pulmonary, skeletal muscle, kidney and liver perfusion were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in 10 elite breath-hold divers at rest and during moderate @entity5587 . Cardiac chamber volumes, @entity64 volume (SV) and thus CO were determined from cardiac short-axis cine images. Organ volumes were assessed from gradient echo-sequences and organ perfusion was evaluated from first-pass images after @entity2287 injection. During @entity5587 , lung volume increased by 5.2  1.5 L (mean  SD; P<0.001), while spleen and liver volume decreased by 46  39 and 210  160 mL, respectively (P<0.05) and inferior caval vein diameter by 4  3 mm (P<0.05). Heart rate tended to increase (67  10 to 86  20 bpm; P=0.052) as right and left ventricular volumes were reduced (P<0.05). SV (107  21 to 53  15 mL) and CO (7.2  1.6 to 4.2  0.8 L min(-1)) decreased as assessed after 1 min of @entity5587 (P<0.01). Left ventricular myocardial perfusion maximum up-slope and its perfusion index decreased by 1.52  0.15 s(-1) (P<0.001) and 0.02  0.01 (P<0.05), respectively, without transmural differences. Pulmonary tissue, spleen, kidney and pectoral-muscle perfusion also decreased (P<0.05) and yet liver perfusion was maintained. Thus, during @entity358 by @entity5587 , CO and organ perfusion including the myocardium as well as perfusion of skeletal muscles are reduced and yet perfusion of the liver is maintained. Liver perfusion seems to be prioritized when cardiac output decreases during @entity5587 .

Organ perfusion during XXXX ; a magnetic resonance imaging study.

@entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hyperinflation', 'Pulmonary hyperinflation'] @entity5587 :: ('MESH:D020435', 'Disease') :: ['glossopharyngeal insufflation', 'GPI']
@entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['voluntary pulmonary hyperinflation']
