AIM: We performed the first study on the perceived benefit and adverse effects of symptomatic management in children with anti- @entity3391 receptor (NMDAR) @entity198 . METHOD: A retrospective chart review was undertaken at two tertiary paediatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. We included 27 @entity1 (12 males, 15 females; mean age at admission 7y 1mo) with anti-NMDAR antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid with a typical clinical syndrome. RESULTS: Only two out of 27 @entity1 were white, whereas 16 out of 27 @entity1 were from the Pacific Islands/New Zealand Maori. The mean duration of admission was 69  days (10-224d) and 48% of @entity1 (13/27) needed treatment in an intensive care setting. A mean of eight medications per @entity1 was used for symptomatic management. Symptoms treated were @entity2146 (n=25), @entity410 (n=24), @entity717 (n=23), sleep disruption (n=17), @entity146 symptoms (n=10), and @entity8053 (n=four). The medications used included five different @entity1245 (n=25), seven anticonvulsants (n=25), eight sedatives and sleep medications (n=23), five antipsychotics (n=12), and five medications for @entity717 (n=10). Sedative and sleep medications other than @entity1245 were the most effective, with a mean benefit of 67.4% per medication and a mean adverse effect-benefit ratio of 0.04 per medication. Antipsychotic drugs were used for a short duration (median 9d), and had the poorest mean benefit per medication of 35.4% and an adverse effect-benefit ratio of 2.0 per medication. INTERPRETATION: Long-acting @entity1245 , anticonvulsants, and @entity1338 can treat multiple symptoms. Patients with anti-NMDAR @entity198 appear vulnerable to antipsychotic-related adverse effects. Pacific Islanders appear to have a vulnerability to anti-NMDAR @entity198 in our region.

Symptomatic treatment of children with anti-NMDAR XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric'] @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-d-aspartate'] @entity1245 :: ('MESH:D001569', 'Chemical') :: ['benzodiazepines'] @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation'] @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine'] @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['movement disorders'] @entity8053 :: ('MESH:D054969', 'Disease') :: ['dysautonomia']
@entity198 :: (MESH:D004660,Disease) :: ['encephalitis']
