@entity2720 has dramatically changed the treatment options for @entity1 with @entity2720 . The materials used to manufacture implants are regarded as biologically inert; accordingly, arthroplasty is a very successful intervention for most @entity1 . However, a subset of @entity1 develops an inflammatory reaction around the prosthesis, causing implant loosening and irreversible @entity79 . To identify mechanisms leading to @entity32 , the function and composition of macrophages and T cells accumulated in the pseudosynovia were examined. Tissue-infiltrating macrophages synthesized a spectrum of proinflammatory cytokines including @entity1356 , @entity650 , and @entity2533 . T cells recruited to the periprosthetic inflammatory lesions were characterized by restricted diversity of T-cell receptors and the emergence of dominant clonal populations. T cells with identical T-cell receptor sequences, and thus with identical antigen specificity, were isolated from anatomically distinct and independent regions of the tissue. Transcription of @entity1199 , @entity379 , and, in some @entity1 , @entity3646 genes in the periprosthetic membrane indicated functional activation of infiltrating T cells. Correlation of @entity3564 with the tissue cytokine pattern demonstrated a relationship between @entity379 transcription and @entity604 . We propose that antigen-recognition events are critically involved in the development of @entity32 and that the functional commitment of T cells recruited to the periprosthetic region influences whether @entity32 is complicated by @entity79 .

Oligoclonal T-cell proliferation and XXXX production in @entity32 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic inflammation'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1beta'] @entity1199 :: ('3558', 'Gene') :: ['IL-2'] @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss'] @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction'] @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma'] @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Total joint arthroplasty', 'destructive joint disease'] @entity3646 :: ('3565', 'Gene') :: ['IL-4'] @entity3564 :: ('MESH:D057068', 'Disease') :: ['periprosthetic osteolysis']
@entity379 :: (3458,Gene) :: ['interferon-gamma']
