BACKGROUND: Earlier we reported on growth and @entity1386 in a cross-sectional study of disadvantaged Brazilian preschoolers. Here we extend the work on these @entity1 , using @entity2383 ( @entity2383 ) to gather information on the complex relationships between the variables influencing height and @entity1386 . We hope this information will help improve the design and effectiveness of future interventions for preschoolers. METHODS: In 376 preschoolers aged 3-6 years attending seven philanthropic daycares in Salvador, we used @entity2383 to examine direct and indirect relationships among biological (sex, ethnicity, birth order, maternal height and weight), socio-economic, micronutrient (haemoglobin, serum @entity4259 and @entity219 ), and environmental (helminths, de-worming) variables on height and @entity1386 , as reflected by Z-scores for height-for-age (HAZ) and body mass index (BMIZ). RESULTS: Of the @entity1 , 11  % had HAZ   <   -1, 15  % had WHZ   <   -1, and 14  % had BMIZ   >   1. Of their mothers, 8  % had short stature, and 50  % were overweight or @entity28 . Based on standardized regression coefficients, significant direct effects (p   <   0.05) for HAZ were maternal height (0.39), being white (-0.07), having @entity281 (-0.09), and serum @entity219 (-0.11). For BMIZ, significant direct effects were maternal weight (0.21), extremely low SES (-0.15), and haemoglobin (0.14). Indirect (p   <   0.05) effects for HAZ were sex (being male) (-0.02), @entity281 (-0.01), de-worming treatment (0.01), and serum @entity4259 (-0.02), and for BMIZ were extremely low @entity281 (-0.004), and serum @entity4259 (0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Of the multiple factors influencing preschoolers' growth, @entity281 was a modifiable risk factor directly and indirectly affecting HAZ and BMIZ, respectively. Hence the WHO de-worming recommendation should include preschoolers living in at-risk environments as well as school-aged @entity1 .

Understanding the complex determinants of height and XXXX in disadvantaged daycare preschoolers in Salvador, NE Brazil through @entity2383 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese'] @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium'] @entity219 :: ('MESH:D015032', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['SES (-0.001), helminth infection', 'helminth infection'] @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adiposity'] @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['SEM', 'structural equation modelling']
@entity1386 :: (MESH:D018205,Disease) :: ['adiposity']
