PURPOSE: To review the long-term experience of helium ion therapy as a therapeutic alternative to enucleation for @entity2184 , particularly with respect to survival, local control, and morbidity. METHODS AND MATERIALS: 347 @entity1 with @entity2184 were treated with helium ion RT from 1978-1992. A nonrandomized dose-searching study was undertaken, with doses progressively reduced from 80 GyE in five fractions to 48 GyE in four fractions, given in 3-15 days, mean of 7 days. RESULTS: Local control was achieved in 96% of @entity1 , with no difference in the rate of local control being seen at 80, 70, 60, or 50 GyE in five fractions. At the lowest dose level of 48 GyE in four fractions, the local control rate fell to 87%. Fifteen of 347 @entity1 (4%) had local regrowth in the eye requiring enucleation (12 @entity1 ), laser (1 @entity1 ) or reirradiation (2 @entity1 ). The time of appearance of local regrowth ranged from 4 months to 5 years posttreatment, with 85% occurring within 3 years. Of the 347 @entity1 , 208 are alive as of @entity4456 , 1997. The median follow up of all @entity1 is 8.5 years, range 1-17 years. Kaplan-Maier (K-M) survival is 80% at 5 years, 76% at 10 years, and 72% at 15 years posttreatment. @entity1 with @entity5 not involving the ciliary body have a 15-year K-M survival of 80%. The results for @entity1 whose @entity5 involved the ciliary body are poor, with a 15-year K-M survival of 43%. Seventy-five percent of @entity1 with @entity5 at least 3.0 mm from the fovea and optic nerve, and initial ultrasound height less than 6.0 mm, retained vision of 20/200 or better posttreatment. @entity1 with @entity5 larger than 6 mm in thickness, or with @entity5 lying close to the optic nerve or fovea, have a reduced chance of retaining useful vision. The enucleation rate is 19%, 3% for local failure and 16% because of complications of the helium RT, particularly @entity2297 , which occurred in 35% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Local control and retention of the eye are excellent. @entity227 . Twenty-four percent of @entity1 manifested distant @entity3 6 to 146 months posttreatment, mean of 43 months, median of 36 months. Late-appearing distant @entity3 do not appear to be caused by persistent @entity5 in the eye. The risk of @entity3 is high for @entity1 with @entity5 greater than 7 mm in initial ultrasound height (37%), anterior @entity5 involving the ciliary body (47%), and in those with local failure (53%). @entity1 with @entity5 not involving the ciliary body and initial dimensions less than 10 mm had only an 8% chance of death from @entity320 . A search for effective adjuvant therapy is needed for @entity1 at high risk of @entity3 (large @entity5 , ciliary body involved, local regrowth in eye).

15 years experience with helium ion radiotherapy for XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['Complications of therapy reduce vision and eye preservation'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors'] @entity2184 :: ('MESH:C536494', 'Disease') :: ['uveal melanoma'] @entity4456 :: ('5580', 'Gene') :: ['May 1'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases'] @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma'] @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['neovascular glaucoma']
@entity2184 :: (MESH:C536494,Disease) :: ['uveal melanoma']
