OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pulmonary responses to intratracheal administration of surfactant with and without @entity619 in @entity35 with @entity6453 -induced @entity651 . DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. SETTING: University research facility. SUBJECTS: Adult male @entity35 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity35 were anesthetized and underwent a tracheostomy and arterial catheter insertion 3 days after intraperitoneal injection of @entity6453 (35 mg/kg). The @entity35 were ventilated for 90 mins after sequential designation as controls or as recipients of intratracheal surfactant alone (50 or 100 mg/kg) or surfactant (50 or 100 mg/kg) plus @entity619 (0.5 mg/kg). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Arterial blood gases were determined at 15, 30, 60, and 90 mins. After 90 mins of ventilation, a static pressure-volume curve was performed, and inflammatory cells, total protein content, and cytokines were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Postmortem histology was then examined. Treatment with 50 mg/kg @entity619 /Survanta and 100 mg/kg Survanta with and without @entity619 significantly increased oxygenation shortly after instillation when compared with the control group, with the response maintained throughout the study period. Static pressure-volume curves showed that the group receiving 100 mg/kg @entity619 / @entity52827 had significantly higher lung volumes than the control group. Total cell, neutrophil, and macrophage counts were decreased significantly in the animals treated with 100 mg/kg @entity619 /Survanta compared with untreated control @entity35 . Total protein recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the animals treated with 100 mg/kg Survanta with and without @entity619 was decreased significantly compared with control animals. The histologic appearance of the lungs was markedly better in the groups treated with surfactant with or without @entity619 . CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the combined administration of high doses of intratracheal surfactant and @entity619 improves gas exchange, @entity55 , and @entity358 after @entity6453 -induced @entity651 . Surfactant alone and lower doses of surfactant plus @entity619 had a lesser effect on these measures.

Surfactant and corticosteroid effects on lung function in a XXXX model of acute lung injury.

@entity6453 :: ('MESH:D010269', 'Chemical') :: ['paraquat'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['ameliorates lung inflammation'] @entity52827 :: ('MESH:C072197', 'Chemical') :: ['Survanta'] @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury'] @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['alleviates lung damage'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'Rats', 'rats']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']
