PURPOSE: The purpose was to quantify the structural integrity of @entity82 ( @entity82 ) after injuries with repair. METHODS: Punctures in the @entity82 of 6-month-old porcine spine specimens were made with 18-, 20-, 22-, 24-, and 26-gauge needles. Leakage testing was performed immediately after needle puncture (Group 1), after the puncture was repaired with a modified purse-string suture (MPSS) (Group 2), and after needle puncture with immediate repair (Group 3). @entity130 repaired with the MPSS alone, or with an @entity82 graft and MPSS were also examined. RESULTS: There was no leakage from 26-gauge needle punctures. Pressures at which the nucleus pulposus leaked from the 24-, 22-, 20- and 18-gauge needle punctures (Group 1) were 4.28, 2.03, 1.27, and 1.06  MPa, respectively. Failure pressure after repair (Group 2, 3) was significantly greater than without (Group 1). Failure pressure in Group 3 was much greater than in Group 2 with 18- and 20-gauge punctures. @entity130 repaired with a graft and MPSS had significantly greater failure pressure than repair with MPSS alone (1.88 vs. 1.02  MPa, p  =  0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The MPSS can restore the mechanical integrity of the @entity82 after needle puncture. An annular graft along with a MPSS may increase the structural integrity of the @entity82 after a @entity130 . As this was an acute animal study, the measurements and results may not directly translate to the @entity1 intervertebral disc.

The effect of annular repair on the failure strength of the porcine lumbar disc after needle puncture and XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['annulus fibrosis', 'AF'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Punch injuries', 'Punch injury', 'punch injury']
@entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['punch injury']
