OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of inflammosome components ( @entity5704 , associated speck-like protein containing a CARD [ @entity938 ]) and their activation ( @entity9302 , interleukin [IL]-1b, and @entity8923 secretion) in the @entity1 endometrium from fertile and @entity1 with history of @entity393 ( @entity393 ). DESIGN: Experimental study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 (S): Ten fertile @entity1 (control group [CTR]) and 30 @entity1 with @entity393 . INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Endometrial samples were collected by hysteroscopy during the putative window of implantation and evaluated for chronic @entity1478 by hystopathological analysis. Inflammosome expression was analysed by immunohystochemical staining (27 @entity393 and 10 CTR @entity1 ). The expression of @entity5704 and @entity938 protein was quantified by Western blot (30 @entity393 and 10 CTR @entity1 ). @entity9302 activation and @entity1356 and @entity8923 secretion was quantified by ELISA (30 @entity393 and 10 CTR @entity1 ). RESULT(S): We observed a significantly increased expression of inflammasome @entity5704 and @entity938 protein, an increased activation of @entity9302 , and increased levels of @entity1356 and @entity8923 in @entity393 endometrium compared with CTR. CONCLUSION(S): Abnormal activation of endometrial innate immunity by means of inflammosome, stimulated by pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns, may represent an additional mechanism, currently not investigated, negatively interfering with endometrial receptivity. More studies are required [1] to identify the primary trigger of endometrial inflammosome activation and its clinical impact in the occurrence of @entity393 ; and [2] to validate the inflammosome components as a novel family of endometrial biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets in @entity393 .

Inflammosome in the XXXX endometrium: further step in the evaluation of the "maternal side".

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'PATIENT'] @entity5704 :: ('114548', 'Gene') :: ['NALP-3'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1b'] @entity938 :: ('29108', 'Gene') :: ['ASC'] @entity8923 :: ('3606', 'Gene') :: ['IL-18'] @entity1478 :: ('MESH:D014591', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial inflammation'] @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent pregnancy loss', 'RPL'] @entity9302 :: ('834', 'Gene') :: ['Caspase-1', 'caspase-1']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
