Twelve @entity1 with @entity6389 ( @entity6389 ) and @entity717 were studied to determine the effects of changes in head posture on the specific patterns of cervical muscle activity. Turns analysis was used to quantify muscle activity underlying @entity717 , recorded simultaneously from the agonist and antagonist muscle pairs bilaterally ( @entity12014 [ @entity12014 ] and splenius [SPL]). Muscle activity was compared between the uncompensated @entity3520 and during the maintenance of midposition. In addition, @entity1 were separated into two groups (geste = 6; no geste = 6) based on whether they had a clinically efficacious geste to determine the effect of geste on patterns of cervical muscle activity. Muscle activity was measured during the maintenance of midposition with and without a clinical or simulated geste. Differences in muscle activity between the groups and postures were compared using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyses. The four muscles tested showed a significant difference in muscle activity in the uncompensated @entity3520 as a result of the increased activity in the agonist muscle pair ( @entity12014 and SPL responsible for the @entity3520 ) (EMG amplitude: F[1,11] = 18.81, p = 0.0012; EMG frequency: F[1,11] = 32.07, p = 0.0001). Maintaining the head in the midposition was associated with a significant reduction in muscle activity compared with the uncompensated @entity3520 (EMG amplitude: F[1,9] = 6.36, p < 0.033; EMG frequency: F[1,9] = 10.96, p < 0.0091). This reduction in midposition muscle activity was significantly greater in the agonist muscle pair (EMG amplitude: F[1,10] = 19.70, p = 0.0013; EMG frequency: F[1,10] = 44.67, p < 0.0001). In the @entity1 with clinically effective geste, there was no additional reduction in muscle activity observed in the midposition when they performed their geste (EMG amplitude: F[1,9] = 4.63, p = 0.060; EMG frequency: F[1,9] = 1.22, p = 0.298). These findings suggest that @entity6389 with rotation is characterized by predominantly increased agonist muscle activation. @entity1 with @entity6389 retain the ability to modulate this involuntary agonist muscle activity to maintain the head in the midposition. The maintenance of the midposition does not seem to be facilitated by geste.

The effect of changes in head posture on the patterns of muscle activity in @entity6389 ( XXXX ).

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['dystonic posture'] @entity6389 :: ('MESH:D014103', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'cervical dystonia'] @entity12014 :: ('MESH:C535977', 'Disease') :: ['sternocleidomastoid', 'SCM'] @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['predominant rotation', 'head rotation']
@entity6389 :: (MESH:D014103,Disease) :: ['CD']
