@entity4365 ( @entity4365 ) at 1 Hz for 15 min is an effective protocol to induce homosynaptic long-term @entity308 (LTD) in visual cortical slices. It is reported that @entity4365 becomes ineffective when @entity2136 ( @entity2136 ) is applied to slices. It is not known, however, whether such a protocol induces @entity227 in vivo, and whether endogenous @entity2136 has the same or similar action. To address these questions, we recorded field potentials of @entity35 visual cortex evoked by stimulation of lateral geniculate nucleus, white matter, or cortical layer IV. We found that @entity4365 did not induce LTD of cortical responses in vivo. To test the possibility that spontaneous activity from retinas would interfere with the induction of LTD, both eyes were removed or inactivated by tetrodotoxin. LTD was not induced in these conditions either. To test whether the difference in temperature between the two preparations is a factor for the discrepancy, the temperature of slices was increased from 31 to 37 degrees C. LTD was induced in slices at either temperature. Then, we hypothesized that endogenous BNDF and its receptors, @entity10864 , prevent the induction of LTD. To test this, we infused the cortex with an inhibitor of @entity3249 receptor @entity669 kinases, anti- @entity10864 IgG1, anti- @entity2136 , and anti- @entity10863 antibodies. LTD was induced when the @entity2136 - @entity10864 system was blocked. In slices, the level of phosphorylation of Trks was found to decrease with time. These results indicate that activation of @entity10864 signal pathway prevents @entity4365 from inducing @entity308 in visual cortex in vivo.

Long-term @entity308 is not induced by low-frequency stimulation in @entity35 visual cortex in vivo: a possible preventing role of endogenous XXXX .

@entity2136 :: ('24225(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF', 'brain-derived neurotrophic factor'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['synaptic depression', 'depression'] @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['LTD in visual cortex'] @entity3249 :: ('59109(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['Trk'] @entity4365 :: ('MESH:C565121', 'Disease') :: ['LFS', 'Low-frequency stimulation'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat'] @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine'] @entity10863 :: ('25730(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['neurotrophin 4/5'] @entity10864 :: ('25054(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TrkB']
@entity2136 :: (24225(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['brain-derived neurotrophic factor']
