BACKGROUND: Oral @entity2931 -replacement therapy ( @entity18437 ) activates blood coagulation and increases the risk of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) in postmenopausal @entity1 . Transdermal @entity18437 has little effect on haemostasis, but data assessing its effect on @entity715 process are scarce. We aimed to examine the effect of the route of @entity2931 administration on @entity1211 risk. METHODS: We did a multicentre hospital-based case-control study of postmenopausal @entity1 in France. During 1999-2002, we recruited 155 consecutive cases with a first documented episode of idiopathic @entity1211 (92 with @entity1151 and 63 with @entity1150 ), and 381 controls matched for centre, age, and time of recruitment. FINDINGS: Overall, 32 (21%) cases and 27 (7%) controls were current users of oral @entity18437 , whereas 30 (19%) cases and 93 (24%) controls were current users of transdermal @entity18437 . After adjustment for potential confounding variables, the odds ratio for @entity1211 in current users of oral and transdermal @entity18437 compared with non-users was 3.5 (95% CI 1.8-6.8) and 0.9 (0.5-1.6), respectively. Estimated risk for @entity1211 in current users of oral @entity18437 compared with transdermal @entity18437 users was 4.0 (1.9-8.3). INTERPRETATION: Oral but not transdermal @entity18437 is associated with risk of @entity1211 in postmenopausal @entity1 . These data suggest that transdermal @entity18437 might be safer than oral @entity18437 with respect to @entity715 risk.

Differential association of oral and transdermal XXXX -replacement therapy with @entity1211 risk.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women'] @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen'] @entity18437 :: ('1999', 'Gene') :: ['ERT'] @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolisms'] @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis'] @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic'] @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']
@entity2931 :: (CHEBI:50114,Chemical) :: ['oestrogen']
