Physical exercise is frequently recommended for the treatment of type 2 @entity6 , whether as primary therapy with diet modification or as an adjunct to drug therapy. We hypothesized that mild exercise would enhance the @entity413 -lowering effects of 2 oral antihyperglycemic drugs, @entity2449 and acarbose, in an animal model of type 2 @entity6 . Eight-week-old male C57BL/Ks (db/db) @entity19 were sorted into control and exercise groups and dosed daily for 4 weeks with vehicle, @entity2449 (150 mg/kg/d), or @entity11669 (40 mg/kg/d). Exercise consisted of swimming (initially 5 min/d and ultimately 1 h/d for the last 2 weeks). Exercise, @entity2449 , and acarbose independently reduced serum @entity413 concentrations 15% to 25% compared with the respective controls (P <.0001), but the effect on @entity413 concentration of combining drug therapy with exercise was no greater than the sum of the individual effects. Exercise training independently increased muscle glycogen (30%; P <.05) and liver glycogen (250%; P <.05) levels and slightly reduced serum high-density lipoprotein @entity165 (-8%; P <.05), whereas drug treatment had no effect on these variables. In addition, exercise but not drug treatment prevented the approximately 30% decline in serum insulin concentrations that occurred in the control animals (P <.05). Twenty-four hours after the last drug or exercise treatment, oral @entity413 tolerance and hemoglobin A1c were not significantly different between groups. Treatment also did not greatly affect @entity412 , @entity653 , or total @entity165 concentrations. In conclusion, exercise and drug therapy independently decreased serum @entity413 in db/db @entity19 , and these effects did not appear to be synergistic. In addition, exercise training maintained serum insulin concentrations and increased tissue glycogen storage. These results suggest that exercise has the potential to add to the efficacy of oral antihyperglycemic drugs.

Exercise adds to XXXX and acarbose efficacy in db/db @entity19 .

@entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol'] @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride'] @entity11669 :: ('MESH:D020909', 'Chemical') :: ['acarbose'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol'] @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']
@entity2449 :: (MESH:D008687,Chemical) :: ['metformin']
