In traditional therapy with Chinese medicine, vitexin has several pharmacological properties, including antinociceptive, antispasmodic, antioxidant, antimyeloperoxidase, and a-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Recently, vitexin was shown to protect the heart against @entity63 /reperfusion injury in an in vitro model by inhibiting apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to find out whether vitexin influences the effect on @entity35 @entity1447 ( @entity1447 ) enzymes ( @entity7771 , @entity11042 , and @entity7570 ) by using cocktail probe drugs in vivo; the influence on the levels of @entity1447 mRNA was also studied. A cocktail solution at a dose of 5   mL/kg, which contained @entity8169 (10   mg/kg), @entity11243 (1   mg/kg), and @entity1363 (5   mg/kg), was given as oral administration to @entity35 treated with short or long period of intravenous vitexin via the caudal vein. Blood samples were collected at a series of time points, and the concentrations of probe drugs in plasma were determined by @entity3928 ( @entity3928 )/ @entity3928 . The corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of DAS 2.0. In addition, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the effects of vitexin on the mRNA expression of @entity7771 , @entity11042 , and @entity7570 in @entity35 liver. Treatment with short or long period of vitexin had no effects on @entity35 @entity7771 . However, @entity7570 enzyme activity was inhibited by @entity68475 in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, @entity11042 enzyme activity was induced after short period treatment but inhibited after long period of vitexin treatment. The mRNA expression results were in accordance with the pharmacokinetic results. In conclusion, vitexin can either inhibit or induce activities of @entity11042 and @entity7570 . Therefore, caution is needed when vitexin is co-administered with some @entity11042 or @entity7570 substrates in clinic, which may result in treatment failure and herb-drug interactions. Copyright    2014 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

Effects of Vitexin on the Pharmacokinetics and mRNA Expression of @entity1447 Isozymes in XXXX .

@entity1447 :: ('25251(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CYP', 'cytochrome P450'] @entity68475 :: ('MESH:C032731', 'Chemical') :: ['vitexin'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia'] @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['HPLC-mass spectrometry', 'MS'] @entity11042 :: ('29277(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CYP2C11'] @entity7570 :: ('25642(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CYP3A1'] @entity11243 :: ('MESH:D014044', 'Chemical') :: ['tolbutamide'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats'] @entity7771 :: ('24297(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CYP1A2'] @entity8169 :: ('MESH:D010615', 'Chemical') :: ['phenacetin'] @entity1363 :: ('MESH:D008874', 'Chemical') :: ['midazolam']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']
