The activity of protein kinases IKK-   and @entity57560 ( @entity57560 ) has been shown to be associated with inflammatory diseases. As an inhibitor of IKK-   and @entity57560 , amlexanox is an anti-inflammatory, anti- @entity56 , immunomodulator and used for treatment of @entity1066 , @entity2023 and @entity565 in clinic. We hypothesized that @entity11905 may be used for treatment of @entity66 which frequently associated with a low grade of systemic @entity32 . In this study, we investigated the effects of amlexanox on @entity5271 -induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and ovariectomy-mediated @entity604 in vivo. In primary bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs), amlexanox inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption. At the molecular level, amlexanox suppressed @entity5271 -induced activation of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), @entity9830 and @entity25314 . @entity11905 decreased the expression of osteoclast-specific genes, including TRAP, @entity1235 , @entity35364 and @entity25314 . Moreover, amlexanox enhanced osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs. In ovariectomized (OVX) @entity19 model, amlexanox prevented OVX-induced @entity604 by suppressing osteoclast activity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that amlexanox suppresses osteoclastogenesis and prevents OVX-induced @entity604 . Therefore, amlexanox may be considered as a new therapeutic candidate for @entity66 , such as @entity170 and @entity309 .

Amlexanox Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis and Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced XXXX .

@entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity35364 :: ('13038(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Cathepsin K'] @entity2023 :: ('MESH:D006255', 'Disease') :: ['allergic rhinitis'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['osteoclast-related diseases'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse'] @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma'] @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer'] @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss'] @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis'] @entity57560 :: ('56480(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TANK-binding kinase 1', 'TBK1'] @entity5271 :: ('21943(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['RANKL'] @entity9830 :: ('14281(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['c-Fos'] @entity11905 :: ('MESH:C045742', 'Chemical') :: ['amlexanox', 'Amlexanox'] @entity1235 :: ('17395(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['MMP9'] @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic'] @entity25314 :: ('18018(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['NFATc1'] @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']
@entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['Bone Loss']
