Neosporosis has a worldwide distribution and causes economic losses in farming, particularly by increasing the risk of abortion in @entity291 . This study investigated the effects of Thai piperaceae (Piper betle, P. nigrum, and P. sarmentosum) extracts on @entity16910 infections in vitro and in vivo. In an in vitro parasite growth assay based on the green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal, @entity14346 was the most effective extract at inhibiting parasite growth in @entity1 foreskin fibroblast cells (IC50 of GFP-expressing @entity16910 parasites, 22.1 g/ml). The @entity14346 extract, at 25 g per ml, inhibited parasite invasion into host cells. Furthermore, in two independent experiments, treating @entity16910 -infected @entity19 with the @entity14346 extract for 7days post-infection increased their survival. In trial one, the anti-N. caninum effects of the @entity14346 extract reduced the @entity19 clinical scores for 30days post-infection (dpi). The survival rate of the @entity19 treated with 400mg/kg was 100% compared with 66.6% for those treated with 100mg/kg and the non-treated controls. In trial two, treating the infected @entity19 with the @entity14346 extract increased their survival at 50dpi. All @entity19 in the non-treatment group died; however, the survival rates of the 400mg/kg-treated and 100mg/kg-treated @entity19 were 83.3% and 33.3%, respectively. Also, a trend towards a reduced parasite burden was noted in the brains of the @entity14346 extract-treated @entity19 , compared with the control @entity19 . Therefore @entity14346 extract has potential as a medicinal plant for treating neosporosis.

Effects of Thai piperaceae plant extracts on XXXX infection.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse'] @entity14346 :: ('40324', 'Species') :: ['P. betle'] @entity16910 :: ('29176', 'Species') :: ['N. caninum', 'Neospora caninum'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cattle']
@entity16910 :: (29176,Species) :: ['Neospora caninum']
