Endoscopic therapy can be employed and may be useful in @entity29 @entity1 with @entity1127 , inflammatory strictures (enteric and biliary), @entity548 , and for treatment of some complications of continent ileostomies. @entity1127 can be removed endoscopically safely and effectively without resorting to colectomy, as long as there is no other detectable @entity1141 in flat mucosa and complete removal can be assured (by biopsy of adjacent mucosa and close follow-up). Some @entity694 in @entity30 can be dilated using endoscopes of graded caliber or with through-the-scope balloons, with or without stent placement. Endoscopy is most useful in dilating anastomotic strictures and less useful for long strictures in active @entity32 . Strictures in @entity31 are suspicious for @entity5 and, if dilated at all, should be biopsied extensively and followed closely. We prefer colectomy to @entity384 for strictures in @entity31 . Biliary endoscopy can be used to dilate strictures in @entity991 and to sample these areas for @entity5 . Although dilatation may improve morbidity and prolong survival, it may not prevent progression to @entity82 . In @entity201 , @entity384 with or without stents can offer palliation and perhaps be used to deliver photodynamic therapy. Injection and sclerotherapy can be employed in @entity30 @entity548 from a discrete site. In obstructed continent ileostomies (both Kock pouches and pelvic ileoanal reservoirs), endoscopy can be employed effectively to both determine the cause of the obstruction and re-establish patency. We do not advocate endoscopic treatment of toxic megacolon because of the heightened risk of perforation. Endoscopic therapy of @entity30 is a possible emerging technology, but it has not been used in large cohorts of @entity1 .

Endoscopic Therapy for XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis'] @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic polyps', 'Dysplastic polyps'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'neoplasia'] @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic dilatation'] @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis'] @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['primary sclerosing cholangitis'] @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease'] @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinomas'] @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic strictures'] @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's fistulas", "Crohn's disease"] @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']
@entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Inflammatory Bowel Disease']
