Chronic discrimination in both minority and non-minority populations is linked to adverse health outcomes, including increased risk of @entity65 and increased mortality, but the biological processes through which discrimination affects health are unclear. The current study tested the hypothesis that discrimination in a sample of Caucasians would predict elevated serum levels of @entity4105 , an indication of @entity409 which itself is associated with @entity731 and @entity65 risk. @entity1 (N=804) in the biomarker sample from the Survey of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) provided information about experiences of both major and everyday discrimination at two times separated by a 9-10 year interval. The discrimination measures were designed to assess perceived unfair treatment (e.g. being fired unfairly) independently of the perceived reasons for the unfair treatment (e.g. race, gender). Serum @entity4105 was measured at the second wave of data collection. @entity1 reported significantly more instances of major (P<0.05) and everyday P<0.001) discrimination than @entity1 . Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed that both greater lifetime exposure to major discrimination (P<0.05) and chronic exposure to everyday discrimination (P<0.05) predicted higher circulating levels of @entity4105 , but only in @entity1 . These associations remained statistically significant after adjustments for potential confounding variables, including age, race, socioeconomic status, health status, and health behavior. These results highlight a potential biological mechanism by which exposure to unfair treatment may be related to health, particularly cardiovascular function. Moreover, they add to a growing literature suggesting that unfair treatment in general may predict adverse health outcomes.

Chronic discrimination predicts higher circulating levels of XXXX in a national sample: the MIDUS study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Women', 'Participants', 'men'] @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction'] @entity4105 :: ('6401', 'Gene') :: ['E-selectin'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']
@entity4105 :: (6401,Gene) :: ['E-selectin']
