BACKGROUND: @entity157 is one of the most common @entity5 worldwide. Surgical resection has been the standard treatment but can only be applied to a small percentage of @entity1 . In recent years, several other treatment options, including ablative procedures and transplantation, have been used in @entity1 with @entity157 . METHODS: For 6 years, 110 @entity1 with @entity157 were managed at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Fifty-five @entity1 received only chemotherapy (n = 5) or palliative treatment (n = 50) because of advanced @entity82 (P <.03) or @entity5 . Thirty-one @entity1 had @entity5 ablation with percutaneous @entity1068 injection, cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, or arterial chemoembolization. Twenty-eight @entity1 underwent surgical resection (n = 18) or hepatic transplantation (n = 10). Relatively more @entity1 (38%; P <.001) were treated with ablation in the second period of the study (1998-2000). RESULTS: Thirty-day mortality was 3% with ablation and 0% with resection. Median survival was 6 months with no treatment, 27 months with ablation (P <.001), and 35 months with resection (P <.001). @entity1 who underwent liver transplantation had the longest median survival (53 months). A multivariate analysis suggested that treatment modality (ablation or resection; P <.001) and @entity1 -Pugh classification (P <.01) were the most important factors predicting outcome. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that treatment of @entity157 requires multidisciplinary expertise and that ablation and operation can be performed safely. Outcome is influenced most by treatment modality and @entity1 -Pugh classification. @entity1 in @entity1 -Pugh classes A and B should be treated with ablation, surgical resection, or liver transplantation.

XXXX : multimodality management.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'Patients', 'patients'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors'] @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinoma'] @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['ethanol']
@entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma']
