UNASSIGNED: @entity31860 is one of the major threats to @entity5157 colonies. The mite abundance in the colonies is affected by environmental conditions as well as by beekeeping management. The aim of this study was to recognize the main drivers associated with autumn @entity31860 @entity277 in @entity5157 colonies when different regions from Argentina are compared. A total of 361 colonies distributed in five Argentinean eco-regions were examined to evaluate Varroa mite @entity277 rate during autumn and Nosema sp. presence. Regions were different regarding annual temperature, precipitation and especially vegetation landscape. In addition, beekeeping management practices were obtained from a checklist questionnaire answered by the beekeepers. The prevalence of colonies with high @entity277 level was lower in semi-arid Chaco followed by humid and transition Chaco regions. Also, colonies that were positive for Nosema sp. showed a higher @entity277 rate. The "environmental" effect was stronger compared with the influence of secondary drivers associated with beekeeping activities. As well, a significant association between @entity31860 @entity277 rates and Nosema presence was identified. Under contrasting natural conditions, environment seems a predominant driver on @entity31860 @entity277 level in @entity5157 colonies.

Environment or beekeeping management: What explains better the prevalence of XXXX colonies with high levels of @entity31860 ?

@entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['Varroa infestation', 'infestation'] @entity5157 :: ('7460', 'Species') :: ['honey bee'] @entity31860 :: ('109461', 'Species') :: ['Varroa destructor', 'V. destructor']
@entity5157 :: (7460,Species) :: ['honey bee']
