PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate a fast @entity9468 ( @entity9468 ) diffusion-weighted sequence for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of recurrent @entity3540 in @entity1 who have undergone middle ear surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was obtained from all @entity1 . Twenty-four @entity1 (10 female and 14 male @entity1 ; mean age, 44 years) who had undergone resection of @entity3540 were referred for MR imaging. MR imaging was performed with a 1.5-T unit by using unenhanced diffusion-weighted fast @entity9468 imaging at b factors of 0 and 800 sec/mm(2), unenhanced T2-weighted fast @entity9468 imaging, unenhanced T1-weighted @entity9468 imaging, and delayed contrast material-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. Two radiologists evaluated the diffusion-weighted fast @entity9468 images for the presence of a high-signal-intensity @entity3540 . Results from MR imaging were compared with reports from second- or third-look surgery. Interobserver agreement was assessed with the kappa statistic. RESULTS: A recurrent @entity3540 was correctly identified in 13 of 14 @entity1 with diffusion-weighted fast @entity9468 images obtained with a b factor of 800 sec/mm(2), for a positive predictive value of 93%. In @entity1 without recurrent @entity3540 , all diffusion-weighted fast @entity9468 MR images obtained with a b factor of 800 sec/mm(2) were correctly interpreted as showing no high signal intensity. Thus, the negative predictive value was 100%. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% (13 of 13 @entity1 ) and 91% (10 of 11 @entity1 ), respectively. Interobserver agreement was excellent (kappa = 0.92). The smallest recurrent @entity3540 was 5 mm in diameter, and this was correctly detected with the diffusion-weighted fast @entity9468 sequence. CONCLUSION: Diffusion-weighted fast @entity9468 imaging enables the depiction of recurrent @entity3540 in @entity1 who have undergone middle ear surgery.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging sequence in the detection of postoperative recurrent XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity9468 :: ('MESH:D014717', 'Disease') :: ['SE', 'spin-echo'] @entity3540 :: ('MESH:D002781', 'Disease') :: ['cholesteatoma']
@entity3540 :: (MESH:D002781,Disease) :: ['cholesteatoma']
