BACKGROUND: Chronic @entity1068 ( @entity167 ) consumption decelerates the catabolism of long-lived proteins, indicating that it slows hepatic macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy) a crucial lysosomal catabolic pathway in most eukaryotic cells. Autophagy and lysosome biogenesis are linked. Both are regulated by the @entity13383 ( @entity13383 ). Here, we tested whether @entity13383 can be used as a singular indicator of autophagic activity, by quantifying its nuclear content in livers of @entity19 subjected to acute and chronic @entity167 administration. We correlated nuclear @entity13383 to specific indices of autophagy. METHODS: In acute experiments, we gavaged GFP-LC3(tg) @entity19 with a single dose of @entity167 or with @entity4613 buffered saline (PBS). We fed @entity19 chronically by feeding them control or @entity167 liquid diets. RESULTS: Compared with PBS-gavaged controls, livers of @entity167 -gavaged @entity19 exhibited greater autophagosome (AV) numbers, a higher incidence of AV-lysosome co-localization, and elevated levels of free GFP, all indicating enhanced autophagy, which correlated with a higher nuclear content of @entity13383 . Compared with pair-fed controls, livers of @entity167 -fed @entity19 exhibited higher AV numbers, but had lower lysosome numbers, lower AV-lysosome co-localization, higher @entity42066 / @entity42066 levels, and lower free GFP levels. The latter findings correlated with lower nuclear @entity13383 levels in @entity167 -fed @entity19 . Thus, enhanced autophagy after acute @entity167 gavage correlated with a higher nuclear @entity13383 content. Conversely, chronic @entity167 feeding inhibited hepatic autophagy, associated with a lower nuclear @entity13383 content. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the effect of acute @entity167 gavage on hepatic autophagy differs significantly from that after chronic @entity167 feeding. Each regimen distinctly affects @entity13383 localization, which in turn, regulates hepatic autophagy and lysosome biogenesis.

Acute and Chronic XXXX Administration Differentially Modulate Hepatic Autophagy and @entity13383 .

@entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['EtOH'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity4613 :: ('D010710', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate'] @entity13383 :: ('21425(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TFEB', 'transcription factor EB'] @entity42066 :: ('18412(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['SQSTM1', 'P62'] @entity1068 :: ('MESH:D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['ethanol']
@entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['Ethanol']
