UNASSIGNED: @entity483 ( @entity483 )-like @entity1909 can be induced by repeated topical application of an ointment containing @entity8786 body (Dfb) extract in NC/Nga @entity19 . This @entity483 -like @entity19 model also exhibits a biphasic increase in the number of scratching behavior after topical application of Dfb ointment. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanisms underlying the scratching behavior in each phase. An increase in the content of mast cell derived mediators such as @entity112 and @entity750 in the lesional skin and increased vascular permeability were observed in the early phase after the Dfb ointment application. @entity17567 (H1 receptor antagonist) and cromoglycate (mast cell stabilizer) reduced the scratching behavior in the early phase but not that in the later phase. Furthermore, the content of various endogenous pruritogens such as @entity69132 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin in the lesional skin was increased 1 or 24 hours after the Dfb ointment application. Elevated expression of @entity23451 ( @entity23451 ) was also observed in the epidermis. Finally, @entity5722 ( @entity563 protease inhibitor) reduced the scratching behavior in both phases, and anti- @entity14655 antibody also showed a tendency to reduce both @entity146 . These findings suggest that immediate-type @entity56 caused by mast cell degranulation and @entity23451 activation by proteases are involved in the scratching behavior in this @entity483 -like model. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Immediate-type allergic and protease-mediated reactions are involved in scratching behavior induced by topical application of @entity8786 extract in NC/Nga XXXX .

@entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['Atopic dermatitis', 'AD'] @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['scratching behaviors'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'murine'] @entity14655 :: ('109447(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['PAR2'] @entity5722 :: ('MESH:D016670', 'Chemical') :: ['gabexate'] @entity8786 :: ('6954', 'Species') :: ['Dermatophagoides farinae'] @entity23451 :: ('14063(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['proteinase-activated receptor-2', 'PAR-2'] @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic reactions'] @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine'] @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine'] @entity69132 :: ('76399(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-31'] @entity17567 :: ('MESH:D002744', 'Chemical') :: ['Chlorpheniramine'] @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']
