UNASSIGNED: Nano- @entity6701 (nano- @entity3759 ) is one of the most universal engineered nano-materials while @entity14911 ( @entity14912 ) is a typical new persistent organic pollutant. They are widely used and present in aquatic environment. In this study, a novel semi-static multilayer microcosm was setup to investigate the impacts of nano- @entity3759 on @entity14912 bioaccumulation in fish species [ @entity3392 ( @entity3392 ), @entity26584 ( @entity26584 ), Hypostomus plecostomus (H. plecostomus)] living in different vertical layers. As a result of aggregation and deposition, the concentration of @entity3759 increased from upper to bottom layers in the water column. Concomitantly, due to adsorption of @entity14912 on the nano- @entity3759 particles, @entity14912 also displayed an increasing trend from upper to bottom layer. Owing to ingestion of the @entity3759 - @entity14912 complexes, more @entity14912 was taken-up by fish. With the aid of intestinal fluid, @entity14912 was readily released from @entity3759 particles and absorbed by fish. As a result, accumulation of @entity14912 in whole fish was facilitated and the bioaccumulation factors of @entity14912 in @entity3392 , @entity26584 and H. plecostomus were 3.01, 2.42 and 1.11 times of that in the groups without @entity3759 . However, @entity3759 aggregates were too large to penetrate biological membranes to participate body circulation, and no significant accumulation of @entity3759 was observed in fish muscle. The results suggested that the ecological risk of @entity14912 could be enhanced due to the presence of nano- @entity3759 in water.

Effects of nano- XXXX on @entity14911 bioaccumulation in fishes living in different water layers: Implications for enhanced risk of @entity14911 .

@entity14911 :: ('MESH:C076994', 'Chemical') :: ['perfluorooctanesulfonate'] @entity3759 :: ('CHEBI:32234', 'Chemical') :: ['TiO2'] @entity26584 :: ('7959', 'Species') :: ['Ctenopharyngodon idella', 'C. idella'] @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide'] @entity14912 :: ('CHEBI:39421', 'Chemical') :: ['PFOS'] @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['D. rerio', 'Danio rerio']
@entity3759 :: (CHEBI:32234,Chemical) :: ['TiO2']
