OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that the use of a nonmuscle relaxant anesthetic technique (NMRT) during thoracotomy would be associated with comparable surgical conditions with the standard use of neuromuscular blocking drugs. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, single-blind, controlled study. SETTING: A single university hospital. @entity1 : Sixty-six @entity1 scheduled for open thoracotomy under @entity2614 anesthesia with a target-controlled infusion (TCI) of @entity1937 . INTERVENTIONS: After ethical approval, @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive @entity2897 or saline (n = 33 for each group) during the entire study period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The four-point ordinal surgical rating scale, the intubating conditions, the use of anesthetics and vasopressors, the incidence of light anesthesia (defined as an episode with state entropy values that exceeded 50 and/or mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate values that exceeded the baseline by 20% and lasted for more than 3 consecutive minutes), and the times to clinical recovery and postanesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge, hospital stays, and @entity86 ( @entity86 ) were recorded. Compared with the use of @entity2897 , the use of NMRT resulted in comparable good-to-excellent surgical rating scales (90.9% v 94.0%, respectively; p = 0.642), good-to-excellent laryngoscopy and endobronchial intubating conditions (93.9% v 100%, respectively; p>0.09), use of anesthetic and vasopressor medications, and hospital stays, together with shorter clinical recovery, extubation times (7.6 [95% CI 6.82 to 8.39] v 19.0 [95% CI 15.76 to 22.23] minutes, respectively; p<0.001), and PACU stays (37.4 [95% CI 35.09 to 39.79] v 70.9 [95% CI 56.90 to 84.91] minutes, respectively; p<0.001). The use of @entity2897 resulted in a nonstatistical number of light anesthesia episodes upon positioning, skin incision, and rib separation (p>0.624,  with Fisher's exact test). There were no failed intubations in the 2 groups. No @entity1 received @entity2897 in the NMRT group. Two @entity1 (6.1%) in the @entity2897 group experienced @entity86 that required tracheal intubation in the PACU. CONCLUSION: The use of TCI of @entity1937 with NMRT offers acceptable laryngoscopy, intubating, and surgical conditions during @entity2614 anesthesia for open thoracotomy, especially when. the anesthesiologists have more than 10 years' experience.

Target-Controlled Infusion of @entity1937 Without Muscle Relaxants Allows Acceptable Surgical Conditions During Thoracotomy Performed Under XXXX Anesthesia.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS'] @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['PORC', 'postoperative residual curarization'] @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane'] @entity2897 :: ('MESH:C101584', 'Chemical') :: ['cisatracurium'] @entity1937 :: ('MESH:C071741', 'Chemical') :: ['remifentanil']
@entity2614 :: (MESH:C009250,Chemical) :: ['Sevoflurane']
