BACKGROUND: Nonsurgical procedures for facial rejuvenation vastly outnumber surgical procedures among board-certified plastic surgeons; interest in nonsurgical cosmetic procedures is rapidly growing for @entity1 and physicians, with less down time, less scars, and potentially less cost. Nonsurgical procedures are often a gateway for @entity1 into more invasive surgical procedures. Providing @entity1 with a comfortable, pleasant experience increases the chance of referrals and return for future procedures, surgical and nonsurgical. METHODS: In this review article, we describe basic principles for providing @entity1 with a pleasant, minimal @entity158 experience during nonsurgical facial rejuvenation procedures. The procedures are grouped into injectables, noninvasive devices, and minimally invasive devices, and basic guidelines for @entity158 management are provided. RESULTS: A review of each nonsurgical facial rejuvenation procedure is provided with typical @entity1 perception of discomfort and methods to reduce or eliminate @entity158 . This article covers the most popular procedures performed in many plastic surgery offices but is not inclusive of all devices and technologies available on the market. CONCLUSIONS: A wide range of nonsurgical options exist for rejuvenation, and there is nearly as much variety in @entity158 associated with these procedures. As with any procedure that potentially may lead to @entity158 or @entity148 for a @entity1 , it is important to assess @entity1 's @entity158 tolerance preprocedurally to determine the level of intervention needed. Providing a relaxed, calm environment and satisfactory @entity158 control helps to reduce @entity148 and improve the overall perception of the procedure and provider.

Putting it all together: recommendations for XXXX management in nonsurgical facial rejuvenation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain']
@entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']
