UNASSIGNED: Improved vascular function after the incorporation of walnuts into controlled or high-fat diets has been reported; however, the mechanism(s) underlying this effect of walnuts is(are) poorly defined. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the acute and short-term effects of walnut intake on changes in microvascular function and the relationship of these effects to plasma @entity21807 , the @entity12325 -derived metabolites of @entity1718 . Thirty-eight @entity753 postmenopausal @entity1 were randomized to 4 weeks of 5 g or 40 g of daily walnut intake. All outcomes were measured after an overnight fast and 4 h after walnut intake. Microvascular function, assessed as the reactive @entity450 index (RHI), was the primary outcome measure, with serum lipids and plasma @entity21807 as secondary measures. Compared to 5 g of daily walnut intake, consuming 40 g/d of walnuts for 4 weeks increased the RHI and Framingham RHI. Total @entity165 and low- and high-density @entity165 did not significantly change after walnut intake. The change in RHI after 4 weeks of walnut intake was associated with the change in the sum of plasma @entity21807 (r=0.65, P=.002) but not with the change in the sum of plasma @entity11117 . Of the individual plasma @entity21807 , @entity1426 -derived @entity68412 was most strongly associated with the change in microvascular function (r=0.72, P<.001). These data support the concept that the intake of walnut-derived @entity1718 can favorably affect plasma @entity4299 production, resulting in improved microvascular function.

Effects of short-term walnut consumption on XXXX microvascular function and its relationship to plasma @entity4299 content.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women'] @entity12325 :: ('4051', 'Gene') :: ['cytochrome-P450'] @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemic'] @entity4299 :: ('CHEBI:32955', 'Chemical') :: ['epoxide'] @entity21807 :: ('MESH:D004852', 'Chemical') :: ['epoxides'] @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic-acid'] @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia'] @entity68412 :: ('MESH:C046782', 'Chemical') :: ['14(15)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid'] @entity11117 :: ('MESH:D006893', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids'] @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
