BACKGROUND: Cytosolic free @entity460 ([ @entity141 ](i)) is an important second messenger during stimulation in a wide variety of cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Its mobilization in PMNs is altered in various diseases such as @entity731 and ageing. In chronic haemodialysis (HD) @entity1 , both @entity731 and accelerated ageing are well known. Therefore [ @entity141 ](i) in resting PMNs of HD @entity1 was determined along with certain parameters which might affect it, such as recombinant @entity1 @entity1307 (rHuEpo) treatment, @entity78 balance, and biocompatibility of dialysis membranes. METHODS: PMNs were separated by density centrifugation and [ @entity141 ](i) was determined by spectrofluorimetry using @entity6028 /AM fluorescent dye. Laboratory parameters were determined by standard methods in clinical chemistry. RESULTS: It was found that [ @entity141 ](i) in resting PMNs of HD @entity1 not undergoing rHuEpo therapy was higher than that of controls. After 12-weeks of rHuEpo therapy, [ @entity141 ](i) decreased to near normal level. The role of erythropoiesis in normalization of [ @entity141 ](i) in resting PMNs was supported by PMN [ @entity141 ](i) which was elevated in @entity1 who had low haemoglobin (<100 g/l) or haematocrit (<0.30) values. In some @entity1 , including those receiving rHuEpo treatment, [ @entity141 ](i) remained high, suggesting a role for other parameters in increasing [ @entity141 ](i). One possible parameter might be the disturbed @entity78 metabolism of chronic @entity177 , because we found a strong correlation between [ @entity141 ](i) and plasma iPTH levels in HD @entity1 (r=0.743, P<0.001). [ @entity141 ](i) was also elevated in PMNs of those @entity1 who had either low plasma @entity460 or high plasma @entity1391 levels. PMN [ @entity141 ](i) of HD @entity1 correlated positively with the duration of HD (r=0.671, P<0.001). However, there was no correlation between [ @entity141 ](i) and @entity1 age. The dialysis procedure itself also transiently increased PMN [ @entity141 ](i) HD @entity1 , independently of the type of dialysis membrane. CONCLUSION: PMN [ @entity141 ](i) is modulated by various parameters in HD @entity1 , including the degree of @entity417 , disturbances of @entity460 metabolism, and duration of dialysis treatment. The elevated [ @entity141 ](i) of resting PMNs might contribute to altered functions in these cells.

Which parameters affect cytosolic free @entity460 in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of haemodialysis XXXX ?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['anaemia'] @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium-phosphate'] @entity1307 :: ('2056', 'Gene') :: ['erythropoietin'] @entity6028 :: ('MESH:C035739', 'Chemical') :: ['Quin 2'] @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure'] @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity141 :: ('CHEBI:29108', 'Chemical') :: ['Ca(2+)'] @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
