UNASSIGNED: Paired associative stimulation (PASLTP) of the @entity1 primary motor cortex (M1) can induce LTP-like plasticity by increasing corticospinal excitability beyond the stimulation period. Previous studies showed that two consecutive PASLTP protocols interact by homeostatic metaplasticity, but animal experiments provided evidence that LTP can be augmented by repeated stimulation protocols spaced by ~30min. Here we tested in twelve healthy selected PASLTP responders the possibility that LTP-like plasticity can be augmented in the @entity1 M1 by systematically varying the interval between two consecutive PASLTP protocols. The first PASLTP protocol (PAS1) induced strong LTP-like plasticity lasting for 30-60min. The effect of a second identical PASLTP protocol ( @entity20632 ) critically depended on the time between PAS1 and @entity20632 . At 10min, @entity20632 prolonged the PAS1-induced LTP-like plasticity. At 30min, @entity20632 augmented the LTP-like plasticity induced by PAS1, by increasing both magnitude and duration. At 60min and 180min, @entity20632 had no effect on corticospinal excitability. The cumulative LTP-like plasticity after PAS1 and @entity20632 at 30min exceeded significantly the effect of PAS1 alone, and the cumulative PAS1 and @entity20632 effects at 60min and 180min. In summary, consecutive PASLTP protocols interact in @entity1 M1 in a time-dependent manner. If spaced by 30min, two consecutive PASLTP sessions can augment LTP-like plasticity in @entity1 M1. Findings may inspire further research on optimized therapeutic applications of non-invasive brain stimulation in neurological and @entity146 .

Augmenting LTP-Like Plasticity in XXXX Motor Cortex by Spaced Paired Associative Stimulation.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity20632 :: ('2995', 'Gene') :: ['PAS2'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric diseases']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']
