PURPOSE: Recently, much media attention has been given to the premature @entity204 in professional wrestlers. Since no formal studies exist that have statistically examined the probability of premature mortality in professional wrestlers, we determined survival estimates for active wresters over the past quarter century to establish the factors contributing to the premature mortality of these individuals. METHODS: Data including cause of @entity204 was obtained from public records and wrestling publications in wrestlers who were active between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 2011. 557 males were considered consistently active wrestlers during this time period. 2007 published mortality rates from the Center for Disease Control were used to compare the general population to the wrestlers by age, BMI, time period, and cause of @entity204 . Survival estimates and @entity797 hazard regression models were fit to determine incident premature @entity204 and factors associated with lower survival. Cumulative incidence function (CIF) estimates given years wrestled was obtained using a competing risks model for cause of @entity204 . RESULTS: The mortality for all wrestlers over the 26-year study period was.007 @entity204 /total @entity1 -years or 708 per 100,000 per year, and 16% of @entity204 occurred below age 50 years. Among wrestlers, the leading cause of @entity204 based on CIF was cardiovascular-related (38%). For cardiovascular-related @entity204 , drug @entity204 and @entity5 @entity204 , wrestler mortality rates were respectively 15.1, 122.7 and 6.4 times greater than those of males in the general population. Survival estimates from hazard models indicated that BMI is significantly associated with the hazard of @entity204 from total time wrestling (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Professional wrestlers are more likely to die prematurely from @entity65 compared to the general population and morbidly @entity28 wrestlers are especially at risk. Results from this study may be useful for professional wrestlers, as well as wellness policy and medical care implementation.

The very high premature mortality rate among active professional wrestlers is primarily due to XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['person'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Gene') :: ['Cox'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['overdose-related deaths', 'death', 'deaths'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']
@entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']
