UNASSIGNED: Little is known about adaptive within-species variation in thermotolerance in wild plants despite its likely role in both functional adaptation at range limits and in predicting response to climate change. @entity1457 protein @entity63585 , rapidly heat-induced in @entity958 , plays a central role in thermotolerance in lab studies yet little is known about variation in its expression in natural populations. We explored variation in thermotolerance and @entity63585 expression in seedlings from 16 natural populations of @entity958 sampled along an elevation and climate gradient. We tested both na  ve controls (maintained at 22(o)C until heat stress) and thermally preacclimated plants (exposed to a 38(o)C 3-hour acclimation treatment). After acclimation, seedlings were exposed to one of two heat stresses: 42 or 45(o)C. Thermotolerance was measured as post-stress seedling survival and root growth. When stressed at 45(o)C both thermotolerance and @entity63585 expression were significantly increased by pre-acclimation. However, thermotolerance did not differ between pre-acclimation and control when followed by a 42  C stress. Immediately after heat stress, pre-acclimated seedlings contained significantly more @entity63585 than control seedlings. At 45(o)C, @entity63585 expression was positively associated with survival (r(2)=0.37) and post-stress root growth (r(2)=0.15). Importantly seedling survival, post-stress root growth at 45  C, and @entity63585 expression at 42  C were significantly correlated with the home sites' first principal component of climate variation. This climate gradient mainly reflects a temperature and precipitation gradient. Thus the extent of @entity63585 expression modulation and thermotolerance appear to be interrelated and to evolve adaptively in natural populations of A. thaliana.

Natural populations of XXXX differ in seedling responses to high temperature stress.

@entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana'] @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Heat shock'] @entity63585 :: ('843771(Tax:3702)', 'Gene') :: ['Hsp101']
@entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']
