The neuropeptide galanin ( @entity19447 ) is widely distributed within intrinsic and extrinsic sources supplying the eye. It is involved in regulation of the vascular tone, thus important for ocular homeostasis. Since the presence/distribution of its receptors is unknown, we here screen for the presence of the various @entity19447 receptors in the @entity1 eye. Meeting the Helsinki-Declaration, @entity1 eyes (n  =  6; 45-83 years of age, of both sex, post mortem time 10-19  h) were obtained from the @entity267 bank and prepared for immunohistochemistry against @entity19447 receptors 1-3 ( @entity26776 - @entity26777 ). Over-expressing cell assays served as positive controls and confocal laser-scanning microscopy was used for documentation. Cell assays reliably detected immunoreactivity for @entity26776 -3 and cross-reactions between antibodies used were not observed. In the @entity267 , @entity26776 -3 were detected in basal layers of the epithelium, stroma, endothelium, as well as in adjacent conjunctiva. In the iris, @entity26776 -3 were detected in iris sphincter and dilator, while iris vessels displayed immunoreactivity for @entity26776 and @entity26777 . In the ciliary body, @entity26776 was exclusively found in the non-pigmented epithelium while @entity26777 was detected in the ciliary muscle and vessels. In the retina, @entity26776 was present in fibers of the IPL, OPL, @entity20698 , many cells of the INL and few cells of the ONL. @entity60534 and @entity26777 were present in few neurons of the INL, while @entity60534 was also found surrounding retinal vessels. RPE displayed weak immunoreactivity for @entity60534 but intense immunoreactivity for @entity26777 . In the choroid, @entity26776 -3 were detectable in intrinsic choroidal neurons and nerve fibers of the @entity3193 , and all three receptors were detected surrounding choroidal blood vessels, while the choriocapillaris was immunoreactive for @entity26777 only. This is the first report of the various GALRs in the @entity1 eye. While the presence of GALRs in @entity267 and conjunctiva might be relevant for wound healing or inflammatory processes, the detection in iris vessels ( @entity26776 , 2) and choroidal vessels ( @entity26776 -3) highlights the role of @entity19447 in vessel dynamics. Presence of @entity26776 in ciliary body epithelium and @entity26777 in ciliary vessels indicates involvement in aqueous humor production, whereas retinal GALR distribution might contribute to signal transduction.

Distribution of galanin receptors in the XXXX eye.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity26777 :: ('8484', 'Gene') :: ['GALR3'] @entity267 :: ('MESH:D065306', 'Disease') :: ['cornea'] @entity20698 :: ('4747', 'Gene') :: ['NFL'] @entity60534 :: ('8811', 'Gene') :: ['GALR2'] @entity3193 :: ('MESH:D015862', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal stroma'] @entity26776 :: ('2587', 'Gene') :: ['GALR1'] @entity19447 :: ('CHEBI:28260', 'Chemical') :: ['GAL']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
