The development of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is related to the expression and excretion of cytokines and growth factors. Thus, we investigated the time course of mRNA expression of cytokines known as causative factors in a model of @entity8 in @entity35 before and on day 10 after unilateral @entity1695 (UUO), when first signs of @entity82 were visible, as well as during progressive @entity8 . UUO causes a fivefold increase in mRNA expression of @entity657 15 days after surgery as compared with contralateral kidneys. The level remains elevated about three-fold up to day 25. The mRNA of the fibrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor beta 1 ( @entity1810 ) is increased two- to threefold during the time course, whereas the mRNAs of @entity672 ( @entity672 ) and its receptor beta ( @entity13963 ) increase after UUO, reaching their maxima on days 10-15. @entity672 mRNA increase up to day 15, marking the onset of @entity82 , and decreases thereafter, whereas the expression of the @entity13963 mRNA remains elevated more than threefold over the entire study period. Incubation of cultured renal fibroblasts with @entity1810 and/or @entity672 suggests that their specific action on cell growth and proliferation is maintained even when they are used in combination. The sustained elevation of @entity1810 and @entity672 / @entity13963 mRNA levels confirms the assumption of a particular involvement of these cytokines in the pathogenesis of @entity8 . The mRNA expression of the gap junctional protein @entity10277 in ureteral ligated kidneys is increased sixfold already 5 days after UUO. In this way, the increased @entity10277 mRNA levels indicate a possible function in the remodeling of the kidney tissue after @entity8 and @entity82 .

Time course of cytokine mRNA expression in kidneys of @entity35 with unilateral XXXX .

@entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal interstitial fibrosis', 'RIF', 'tubular damage'] @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis'] @entity657 :: ('24770(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein 1'] @entity1695 :: ('MESH:D014517', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral obstruction'] @entity10277 :: ('24392(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['connexin 43'] @entity1810 :: ('59086(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta1'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rats'] @entity13963 :: ('24629(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PDGF-Rbeta'] @entity672 :: ('24628(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PDGF-B', 'platelet-derived growth factor B chain']
@entity1695 :: (MESH:D014517,Disease) :: ['ureteral obstruction']
