1. Although @entity5310 is a feature of @entity309 and @entity571 , the extent and nature of mast cell activation in @entity2720 have not been clearly established. 2. We have investigated the levels of mast cell tryptase and @entity112 and also of eosinophil cationic protein in synovial fluid collected from 31 @entity1 with @entity309 , 14 with seronegative @entity1691 and nine with @entity571 . Two RIAs for tryptase were employed: one with monoclonal antibody AA5, which was found to bind equally well to both alpha and beta isoforms on Western blots of the recombinant enzyme, and the other with antibody G5, which recognizes predominantly beta-tryptase. 3. alpha-Tryptase, which is likely to be released constitutively from mast cells, appeared to be the major form in synovial fluid, as the assay with antibody AA5 detected appreciably more tryptase than that with antibody G5. beta-Tryptase, which is released on anaphylactic activation of mast cells, was detected in 14 out of 45 synovial fluid samples studied, with concentrations of up to 12 micrograms/l measured by the G5 assay. The apparent levels of beta-tryptase, but not of alpha-tryptase, were closely correlated with those of @entity112 in the synovial fluid. @entity1 with @entity571 appeared to have a greater proportion of beta-tryptase in the synovial fluid than those with @entity309 , as well as higher concentrations of @entity112 . Eosinophil cationic protein was present at high levels in the synovial fluid, although eosinophil numbers were low, and its concentrations were not correlated with the concentrations of the mast cell products. 4. These data suggest that anaphylactic degranulation of mast cells may have occurred to a greater extent in @entity571 than in @entity309 , despite the relative lack of @entity32 in @entity571 . Although the eosinophil cationic protein detected may not reflect eosinophilic inflammation in the joint, the presence in synovial fluid of tryptase of both major forms, and of @entity112 , appears to indicate that mast cell products are secreted constitutively, as well as by processes of anaphylactic degranulation in @entity309 , seronegative @entity1691 and @entity571 .

Mast cell activation in arthritis: detection of alpha- and beta-tryptase, XXXX and eosinophil cationic protein in synovial fluid.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['synovial inflammation'] @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis'] @entity5310 :: ('MESH:D008415', 'Disease') :: ['mast cell hyperplasia'] @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['spondyloarthritis'] @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine'] @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['joint disease'] @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']
@entity112 :: (MESH:D006632,Chemical) :: ['histamine']
