OBJECTIVE: @entity161 impairs performance on explicit, but not implicit, memory tasks, indicating that conscious awareness at retrieval is a critical @entity2414 . The authors investigated implicit learning, i.e., knowledge acquisition in the absence of conscious awareness, in @entity1 with @entity161 . METHOD: An artificial grammar learning task was used to assess implicit learning in 48 @entity1 with @entity161 and 24 healthy comparison subjects. The subjects were first presented with letter strings that were generated according to the rules of a finite-state grammar paradigm. They were then required to indicate whether new letter strings were "grammatical," depending on whether or not the strings corresponded to the rules. IQ, working memory, explicit memory, verbal fluency, and speed of processing were also assessed. RESULTS: @entity1 performed significantly worse than the comparison subjects on cognitive tasks that assessed episodic memory, verbal fluency, working memory, and speed of processing. In contrast, @entity1 classified as being correct more grammatical than nongrammatical letter strings, and the magnitude of the difference was similar to that observed in healthy comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Implicit learning, as assessed with an artificial grammar learning task, is intact in @entity1 with @entity161 . Conscious awareness might be a critical @entity2414 both at encoding and at retrieval.

Intact implicit learning in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['determinant of impaired memory', 'determinant of memory impairment'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenia']
@entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']
