PURPOSE: We assessed whether changes in serial multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging can help predict the pathological progression of @entity263 in @entity1 on active surveillance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 49 consecutive @entity1 with @entity263 who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and again more than 6 months later, each followed by a targeted prostate biopsy, between January 2011 and May 2015. We evaluated whether progression on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (an increase in index lesion suspicion score, increase in index lesion volume or decrease in index lesion apparent diffusion coefficient) could predict pathological progression (Gleason 3 + 4 or greater on subsequent biopsy, in systematic or targeted cores). Diagnostic performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging was determined with and without clinical data using a binary logistic regression model. RESULTS: The mean interval between baseline and followup multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging was 28.3 months (range 11 to 43). Pathological progression occurred in 19 @entity1 (39%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive  predictive value and negative predictive value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging was 37%, 90%, 69% and 70%, respectively. Area  under  the  receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.63. A logistic regression model using clinical information (maximum @entity5 core length greater than  3  mm on baseline biopsy or a @entity1486 density  greater than 0.15 ng/ml(2) at followup biopsy) had an AUC of 0.87 for predicting pathological progression. The addition of serial multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging data significantly improved the AUC to 0.91  (p=0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Serial multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging adds incremental value to @entity1486 density and baseline @entity5 core length for predicting Gleason 6 upgrading in @entity1 on active surveillance.

Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Active Surveillance of XXXX : Incremental Value.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men'] @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['Gleason 6 prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']
@entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']
