@entity604 is an inevitable result of getting older in both sexes. This loss is accelerated in @entity1 in the early years following menopause and in both sexes with drugs and diseases, prominently @entity1378 . @entity170 and @entity1378 , both of which are widely recognized clinical entities, have been thought to arise from low @entity172 levels and high thyroid hormone levels, respectively. However, when @entity172 declines, follicle-stimulating hormone, an anterior pituitary hormone, rises. Likewise, when thyroid hormone levels rise in @entity1378 , thyroid-stimulating hormone levels fall. We have used a complement of @entity19 genetic, pharmacological, and cell biological approaches to unravel a direct action of follicle-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone on bone remodeling and bone mass. Apart from establishing a novel pituitary-bone axis of physiological significance, our studies challenge the existing 1-hormone, 1-disease paradigm in endocrinology and suggest that a plurality of hormonal disturbances involving pituitary hormones cause postmenopausal and @entity1378 . New therapeutic targets thus emerge from these studies. Mt Sinai J Med 76:474-483, 2009. (c) 2009 Mount Sinai School of Medicine.

Paradigm shift in the pathophysiology of postmenopausal and XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women'] @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse'] @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['Bone loss'] @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Postmenopausal osteoporosis'] @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroid osteoporosis', 'hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid osteoporoses']
@entity170 :: (MESH:D010024,Disease) :: ['thyrotoxic osteoporosis']
