BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A @entity3809 ( @entity3809 ) is a type of @entity1462 composed of malformed, dilated blood vessels within the papillary and @entity2363 . Currently, pulsed dye laser (PDL) is considered the therapeutic gold standard, although greater than 90% of lesions may be refractory to treatment. Studies have shown that a delay in treatment results in a higher proportion of @entity1 who develop @entity1184 and nodularity within lesions that become more resistant to therapy. Therapeutic resistance is multifactorial, but is believed to be largely due to revascularization after laser treatment. Oral @entity3446 and topical imiquimod have shown promise as adjunctive therapies to minimize post-laser revascularization, but both have significant side effects. We wish to demonstrate the utility of adjunct topical @entity3446 to reduce revascularization after PDL treatment. STUDY DESIGN/ @entity1 AND METHODS: This is a single @entity1 case report of a 56-year-old male @entity1 with an extensive @entity3809 . After seeing initial improvement with PDL alone, he began to experience thickening and nodularity of his @entity3809 necessitating surgical debulking. Since this procedure, topical @entity3446 0.5% ointment has been added to his treatment regimen as an adjunct to PDL. The @entity1 is being treated with PDL (Vbeam Perfecta, Candela/Syneron, Wayland, MA) every 4-6 weeks at varied settings with the following laser parameters: fluence 9-11   J/cm(2) , pulse duration 0.45-1.5   ms, focal spot size 7   mm, cooling 30/20. @entity3446 0.5% ointment is applied to the area twice daily. RESULTS: The @entity1 showed significant improvement in color and texture of his @entity3809 . Compared to the initial therapy of PDL alone, topical @entity3446 ointment in conjunction with PDL demonstrated greater improvement and maintenance of therapeutic results with fewer overall laser treatments. CONCLUSION: Topical @entity3446 0.5% ointment is a safe and effective adjunct to PDL in the treatment of @entity3809 . Lasers Surg. Med. 48:193-196, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Port wine stain treated with a combination of pulsed dye laser and topical XXXX ointment.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS'] @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy'] @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus', 'Sirolimus'] @entity3809 :: ('MESH:D019339', 'Disease') :: ['PWS', 'port wine stain'] @entity2363 :: ('MESH:C538361', 'Disease') :: ['reticular dermis'] @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['capillary vascular malformation']
@entity3446 :: (MESH:D020123,Chemical) :: ['rapamycin']
