AIM: Prolongation of P wave time and increase of its dispersion as an independent predictor of @entity955 . In @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) as in healthy @entity1 , exercise augments sympathetic activity and therefore can cause the development of @entity955 . The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on P wave dispersion and to predict the development of @entity955 . METHODS: One hundred and ninety-eight @entity1 (93 @entity1 , 105 @entity1 , mean age: 59.05 +/- 11.01 years) having the diagnosis of @entity955 were included in the study. The left atrial diameter of all these @entity1 was more than 4.0 cm. One hundred and fifty-five @entity1 (72 females, 83 males, mean age: 58.41 +/- 10.79 years), with left atrial diameter more than 4.0 cm and without @entity955 were taken as control group. Symptom limited exercise test with modified Bruce protocol was performed on all @entity1 . Rest, maximum exercise and recovery, and first, third, and fifth-minute 12-derivation ECG was taken in all @entity1 . The velocity of ECG was adjusted to 50 mm/s; shortest and largest P wave durations were measured and P wave dispersion was calculated. RESULTS: The mean left atrial diameter was 4.41 +/- 0.58 cm in @entity955 @entity1 and 4.38 +/- 0.48 cm in control group. No differences were found between @entity955 @entity1 with the controls in exercise time (10.38 +/- 2.93 vs 10.81 +/- 2.75 minutes); METs (6.98 +/- 1.72 vs 7.28 +/- 1.75 minutes); resting heart rate (79.13 +/- 14.86 vs 79.69 +/- 10.43 bpm); peak heart rate (146.83 +/- 23.21 vs 146.94 +/- 16.13 bpm). Maximum exercise P wave duration and P wave dispersion were greater than the rest measurements in @entity955 group (respectively P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0004). CONCLUSION: In @entity955 @entity1 , P wave dispersion is significantly longer at rest, maximum exercise and recovery time than in a control group without @entity955 .

The effect of exercise to P wave dispersion and its evaluation as a predictor of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men'] @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'paroxysmal atrial fibrillation', 'PAF']
@entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']
