INTRODUCTION: The utility of T-cell based @entity379 release assays for the diagnosis of latent @entity378 remains unclear in settings with a high burden of @entity378 . OBJECTIVES: To determine risk factors associated with positive @entity5274 ( @entity5274 ) and @entity272 ( @entity272 ) results and the level of agreement between the tests; to explore the hypotheses that positivity in @entity5274 is more related to @entity281 and less affected by @entity645 than the @entity272 . METHODS: Adult household contacts of @entity378 @entity1 were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study across 24 communities in Zambia and South Africa. @entity645 , @entity5274 and @entity272 tests were done. A questionnaire was used to assess risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 2,220 contacts were seen. 1,803 individuals had interpretable results for both tests, 1,147 (63.6%) were @entity5274 positive while 725 (40.2%) were @entity272 positive. Agreement between the tests was low (kappa=0.24). @entity5274 and @entity272 results were associated with increasing age (adjusted OR [aOR] for each 10 year increase for @entity5274 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06-1.25, and for @entity272 aOR: 1.10; 95% CI 1.01-1.20). @entity645 positivity was less common among those with positive results on @entity5274 (aOR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39-0.67) and @entity272 (aOR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.46-0.82). Smear positivity of the index case was associated with @entity5274 (aOR: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.90-1.74) and @entity272 (aOR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.98-1.98) results. We found little evidence in our data to support our hypotheses. CONCLUSION: @entity5274 may not be more sensitive than the @entity272 to detect risk factors associated with @entity281 . We found little evidence to support the hypotheses that positivity in @entity5274 is more related to @entity281 and less affected by @entity645 than the @entity272 .

Risk factors associated with positive XXXX and tuberculin skin tests results in Zambia and South Africa.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity645 :: ('57667', 'Species') :: ['HIV'] @entity5274 :: ('MESH:D005184', 'Disease') :: ['QFT-GIT', 'QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous infection', 'recent infection'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-gamma'] @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculin skin test', 'TST'] @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis infection', 'tuberculosis']
@entity5274 :: (MESH:D005184,Disease) :: ['QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube']
