The macronutrient composition of a breakfast that could facilitate performance after an overnight fast remains unclear. As @entity413 is the brain' @entity9855 energy source, the interest is in investigating meals differing in their blood @entity413 -raising potential. Findings vary due to unaccounted differences in glucoregulation, arousal and @entity701 secretion. We investigated the effects of meals differing in glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) on cognition and mood in school @entity1 . A total of seventy-four school @entity1 were matched and randomly allocated either to the high-GL or low-GL group. Within each GL group, @entity1 received high-GI and low-GI breakfasts. @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and mood were measured 95-140  min after breakfast. Blood @entity413 and salivary @entity701 were measured at baseline, before and after the @entity73 tests. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to identify differences in @entity73 , mood, @entity413 and @entity701 levels between the breakfasts. @entity258 meals predicted feeling more alert and happy, and less nervous and thirsty (P  <  0  05 for each); high-GL meals predicted feeling more confident, and less sluggish, hungry and thirsty (P  <  0  05 for each). High-GL (P  <  0  001) and high-GI (P  =  0  05) meals increased @entity413 levels 90  min after breakfast, and high-GI meals increased @entity701 levels (P  <  0  01). When baseline mood, @entity413 and @entity701 levels were considered, low-GI meals predicted @entity2414 (P  =  0  03), and high-GI meals better vigilance (P  <  0  03); observed GI effects were valid across GL groups. GI effects on cognition appear to be domain specific. On balance, it would appear that the low-GI high-GL breakfast may help to improve learning, and of potential value in informing government education policies relating to dietary recommendations and implementation concerning breakfast.

Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of breakfast predict cognitive function and mood in school XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children'] @entity9855 :: ('143350', 'Species') :: ['s major'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['CF', 'Cognitive function'] @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol'] @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['better declarative-verbal memory'] @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['Low-GI'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']
