BACKGROUND: Bone marrow-derived cells have been shown to contribute to endothelial replacement after @entity1317 . In vitro culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells produces cells with phenotypic characteristics of endothelium. To test the hypothesis that delivery of autologous culture-modified mononuclear cells (CMMCs) to injured arteries could attenuate the vascular response to injury, a @entity95 model was studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity95 peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured in endothelial growth media for 7 to 12 days, yielding highly proliferative cells with distinct endothelial phenotype (expressing CD31 and endothelial @entity842 synthase and capable of acetylated LDL uptake). A @entity95 model of @entity130 was used to evaluate the effect of day 7 CMMC delivery on vascular responses. Animals underwent @entity130 and immediate delivery of autologous CMMCs or buffered saline by 20 minutes of local dwelling. Fluorescence-labeled CMMCs were detected in all vessel layers 4 weeks after delivery. Colonies of cells that localized to the lumen and stained for endothelial markers were also identified. Local CMMC administration at the time of @entity130 accelerated reendothelialization at 4 weeks compared with saline (P<0.05). Moreover, CMMC delivery markedly improved endothelium-dependent vasoreactivity at 4 weeks compared with saline (P<0.005). Finally, CMMC treatment reduced neointimal formation by 55% at 4 weeks (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that delivery of CMMCs to balloon-injured arteries is associated with accelerated reendothelialization, enhanced endothelium-dependent vasoreactivity, and reduced neointimal formation. Thus, delivery of autologous CMMCs represents a novel vasculoprotective approach to attenuate the response to acute @entity1317 .

Autologous culture-modified mononuclear cells confer vascular protection after XXXX .

@entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury'] @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide'] @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'Rabbit'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['balloon carotid injury', 'balloon injury']
@entity1317 :: (MESH:D057772,Disease) :: ['arterial injury']
