OBJECTIVE: To establish the association between smoking and @entity73 in @entity1 undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Referral center for cardiothoracic surgery at a university hospital. @entity1 : Four hundred seventeen @entity1 undergoing CABG surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Based on preoperative data, @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: smokers (n = 185) and nonsmokers (n = 232). @entity1 who smoked half a pack of cigarettes per day within the last 2 years were identified as smokers, and @entity1 who did not smoke were included in the nonsmoker group. @entity1 with less than a seventh grade education; an inability to read; or a history of one of the following medical conditions: prior @entity64 with residual deficit, @entity146 , @entity8 ( @entity1011 > 2.0 mg/dL), or active @entity409 ; or @entity1 who quit smoking prior to surgery were excluded from the study. Both groups received similar anesthetic and surgical management. All @entity1 received a battery of neurocognitive tests both preoperatively and 6 weeks after CABG surgery. Neurocognitive test scores were separated into 4 cognitive domains, with a composite cognitive index (the mean of the four domain scores) determined for each @entity1 at every testing period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The overall rate of @entity73 at 6 weeks after surgery in smokers was 36.2%, whereas nonsmokers showed a deficit rate of 36.6%. Nonsmokers were significantly older and presented for surgery on average 6 years later than the smokers. Female sex represented a considerably larger proportion of @entity1 in the nonsmoker group. Smokers had a higher prevalence of @entity583 . The univariate analysis of @entity73 at 6 weeks adjusted for age, baseline cognitive index, and education years showed no difference between the 2 groups. Sex, history of @entity583 , @entity101 , @entity64 , transient @entity63 attack, and duration of cardiopulmonary bypass did not contribute to the multivariate logistic regression model and were dropped from the final analysis. Significant multivariate predictors of @entity149 included age, left ventricular ejection fraction, baseline education level, and baseline cognitive index. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed previous findings that age, baseline cognitive function, years of education, and impaired left ventricular function are independent predictors of @entity149 at 6 weeks after CABG surgery. Smoking is neither preventive nor causative of @entity73 after CABG surgery.

Chronic exposure to nicotine does not prevent XXXX after cardiac surgery.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease'] @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric illness'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive change', 'cognitive decline'] @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease'] @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive dysfunction', 'neurocognitive decline'] @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']
@entity149 :: (MESH:D002493,Disease) :: ['neurocognitive decline']
