BACKGROUND: The use of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery is fast emerging in many subspecialties of neurosurgery as an effective alternative to the open procedures. OBJECTIVE: The author describe a novel technique of using an endoscope for performing a corpus callosotomy and hemispherotomy. A description of endoscopic disconnection for a @entity10128 ( @entity10128 ) and a review of the literature is also presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty four @entity1 underwent endoscopic procedures between January 2010 and March 2015. These included endoscopic-assisted inter-hemispheric trans-callosal hemispherotomy (EH; n = 11), endoscopic-assisted corpus callosotomy with anterior/posterior commissurotomy (CCWC; n = 16), and endoscopic disconnection for @entity10128 (n = 7). EH and CCWC were performed with the use of a small craniotomy (4 cm * 3 cm). The surgeries were performed using a rigid high-definition endoscope, bayonetted self-irrigating @entity162 , and other standard endoscopic instruments along with the guidance of intra-operative magnetic resonance imaging and neuronavigation. @entity10128 disconnection was performed using endoscopic neuronavigation through a burr hole. RESULTS: Hemispherotomy: Sequelae of @entity2500 (5), @entity198 (3), and @entity6788 (3). OUTCOME: Class I Engel (9) and class II (2), mean follow-up of 8.4 months, range: 3-18 months. Mean @entity190 : 85 cc, mean operating time: 210 min. CCWC: All had a diagnosis of @entity5761 ( @entity5761 ), with etiologies of @entity519 insult (10), @entity12199 (2), bilateral band heterotropia (2), microgyria and @entity12199 (2). Mean follow-up: 18    4.7 (16-27 months). Drop attacks stopped in all the @entity1 . @entity410 frequency and duration decreased >90% (11) and >50% (5). @entity10128 : Type II (2), Type III (2), Type IV (3). 5 had IA outcome. CONCLUSION: The article emphasizes the role of endoscopic procedures for @entity302 surgery and provides a review of literature. This experience may subserve to coin the term "endoscopic @entity302 surgery" for a fast emerging subspeciality in the field of @entity302 surgery.

XXXX surgery: Emergence of a new procedure.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity5761 :: ('MESH:D065768', 'Disease') :: ['LGS', 'Lennox-Gastaut syndrome'] @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar forceps'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['Seizure'] @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ["Rasmussen's syndrome"] @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery infarct'] @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss'] @entity12199 :: ('MESH:D054082', 'Disease') :: ['pachygyria', 'lissencephaly'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy'] @entity10128 :: ('MESH:C537158', 'Disease') :: ['HH', 'hypothalamic hamartoma'] @entity6788 :: ('MESH:D065705', 'Disease') :: ['hemimegalencephaly']
@entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['Endoscopic epilepsy']
