PURPOSE: Bladder preservation surgical strategies for the treatment of @entity150 have been developed to provide options to those @entity1 who are medically unfit to undergo radical extirpative surgery or prefer conservative therapy for limited disease. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the available bladder-preserving surgical techniques for treatment of @entity150 . METHODS: We performed a thorough literature search to determine the available bladder-preserving treatments for @entity150 as well as their corresponding outcomes. RESULTS: Available surgical strategies include radical transurethral resection (TUR) with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, partial cystectomy and multi-modal therapy. @entity1 selection is critical in determining which @entity1 can safely be offered bladder preservation therapies. Disease characteristics that portend more favorable outcomes in the setting of bladder preservation include @entity16065 stage, unifocal @entity5 , the absence of @entity2735 and @entity3041 , and complete TUR. Several new technologies, including fluorescence and cryoablation treatment, have been incorporated into existing treatment modalities to improve surgical precision and margins. Ongoing studies aimed at improving the accuracy of clinical staging can further refine @entity1 selection and improve clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical bladder preservation techniques for treatment of @entity150 requires careful, long-term follow-up. Prospective, randomized studies comparing bladder sparing treatment modalities with radical cystectomy are needed, but ultimately will be difficult to accrue due to a variety of factors.

Surgical bladder-preserving techniques in the management of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient'] @entity2735 :: ('MESH:D002278', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma in situ'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor'] @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis'] @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['invasive bladder cancer', 'muscle-invasive bladder cancer'] @entity16065 :: ('386757', 'Gene') :: ['cT2']
@entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['muscle-invasive bladder cancer']
