OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical profile, and outcome of children with anti- @entity3391 receptor (NMDAR) @entity198 . METHODS: This is a retrospective case series of @entity1 <12 y of age, diagnosed with anti-NMDAR @entity198 at a tertiary care institute during the period, May 2013 through June 2015. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were tested for suspected anti-NMDAR @entity198 over this 2 y period. Of these, six @entity1 were positive for anti-NMDAR antibodies. Four of these six @entity1 had completed treatment and two are currently receiving immunotherapy. Behavioral changes, @entity716 , @entity410 and oro-lingual-facial @entity910 were the presenting features. Extreme @entity146 , @entity22 and @entity2798 were noted in all the @entity1 . The symptoms were persistent, and the course was progressive over 4-8 wk duration. Neuroimaging and electroencephalography were non-specific. Intravenous pulse @entity1667 and immunoglobulins were used as first-line therapeutic agents. Only one @entity1 responded to first line immunotherapy; five out of six @entity1 required second-line immunotherapy. One @entity1 recovered following rituximab, and two @entity1 showed a good response to @entity786 pulse therapy; two @entity1 are currently under treatment with second line immunotherapeutic agents. Tumor screen was negative in all children. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-NMDAR @entity198 is rare but a potentially treatable condition. Timely recognition is essential because treatment is entirely different from other @entity11410 . @entity146 immunotherapy is the key to a favourable outcome.

Childhood Anti- XXXX Receptor @entity198 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability', 'Aggressive'] @entity11410 :: ('MESH:D018792', 'Disease') :: ['viral encephalitis'] @entity2798 :: ('MESH:D009155', 'Disease') :: ['mutism'] @entity3391 :: ('D016202', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate'] @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide'] @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia'] @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis'] @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia']
@entity3391 :: (D016202,Chemical) :: ['NMDA']
