INTRODUCTION: @entity779 is endemic in developing nations worldwide  with as many as 500,000 annual cases of @entity7643 ( @entity7643 ) and @entity7643 ( @entity7643 ).  A prompt and accurate diagnosis early in the disease course is essential for prompt identification and treatment of severe @entity778 (DVI).  We identified cross-reactivity of a rapid IgM test for @entity1682 in @entity1 with febrile illnesses that were determined to be due to @entity778 . METHODS: All @entity1 with documented DVI  during a recent epidemic in Pakistan also underwent diagnostic testing for  @entity1680 .  The diagnosis of  DVI was made based on clinical findings and the positive results for dengue non-structural protein 1 antigen (NS1Ag) and/or dengue IgM antibody (anti-D IgM) during the acute phase of @entity221 .  @entity1 with positive test results for @entity1680 ( @entity1680 ) IgM also had their blood cultures done. RESULTS: In the group of 322 @entity1 with clinical and serological evidence of DVI, 107 also tested positive for  @entity1680  IgM.  Blood cultures were negative for  @entity1680  bacteria in all @entity1 .  Principal disease features included @entity221 , @entity10 , @entity925 , @entity158 , and a @entity1910 accompanied by @entity882 and @entity1431 .  Comparisons of clinical and routine laboratory findings between the  @entity1680 -positive and negative groups showed no significant differences. @entity1 testing positive for both NS1Ag  and anti-D IgM were significantly more likely to test positive for  @entity1680  IgM, even in the absence of  @entity1682 .  No routine antibiotics were used and all @entity1 survived. CONCLUSION: One-third of a large group of @entity1 with primary DVI also demonstrated false positive results for @entity1682 . Cross-reactivity of a rapid immunoassay for @entity1682 has not been previously reported in DVI or any other @entity31713 . Until these findings can be further evaluated, clinicians should be cautious in interpreting  @entity1680  rapid immunoassays and have a high index of suspicion of DVI in @entity779 areas.

Cross-Reactivity of Rapid @entity1680 IgM Immunoassay in XXXX Without Co-Existing Infection.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['dengue virus', 'complications of the dengue virus infection'] @entity1680 :: ('90370', 'Species') :: ['S. Typhi', 'Salmonella enterica  serovar Typhi', 'Salmonella typhi'] @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['rash'] @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia'] @entity31713 :: ('MESH:D018177', 'Disease') :: ['flavivirus infections'] @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache'] @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['retro-orbital pain'] @entity7643 :: ('MESH:D019595', 'Disease') :: ['dengue hemorrhagic fever', 'dengue shock syndrome', 'DHF', 'DSS'] @entity779 :: ('MESH:D003715', 'Disease') :: ['Dengue fever', 'dengue fever endemic'] @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgia'] @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness', 'fever'] @entity1682 :: ('MESH:D014435', 'Disease') :: ['typhoid fever']
@entity779 :: (MESH:D003715,Disease) :: ['Dengue Fever']
