BACKGROUND: We have previously reported an experimental @entity281 of young adults with a history of episodic and exclusive viral wheeze (EVW) using @entity1 coronavirus, in which 16 of 24 with EVW (15 @entity1097 ) and 11 of 19 healthy controls (seven @entity1097 ) developed a symptomatic cold with evidence of @entity281 , but only those with EVW developed lower respiratory tract symptoms and increased airway responsiveness. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the EVW and control groups from this study for inflammatory changes occurring in the upper and lower respiratory tracts during the experimental @entity281 , in particular, to determine whether eosinophil-driven @entity32 was associated with EVW. METHODS: Nasal lavage and induced sputum were collected prior to inoculation (day 0) and 2, 4 and 17 days later. Differential cell counts were performed and supernatant was assayed for @entity687 , @entity225 , @entity379 , and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP). RESULTS: There was no difference between the two groups in any measurement at baseline. In both groups, during colds the volume of nasal secretion increased as did leucocyte counts in both upper and lower respiratory tracts. A modest increase in nasal neutrophil count was seen in both EVW and control groups with symptomatic colds on day 2 (median (quartile) difference from baseline 5.4 (0.0, 11.0) and 1.8 (-1.1, 2.2)x10(4)/mL of secretions, respectively). The change in nasal neutrophil counts in all subjects correlated with nasal symptom scores. A significant relative increase in sputum differential neutrophil count was seen on day 4 in the EVW group with a cold but not in controls (mean difference (95% confidence interval) 20.4 (9.6, 31.1)% and 3.1 (-8.2, 14.5)%, respectively, P<0.01); however, this increase did not correlate with lower respiratory tract symptom scores. @entity687 increased in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts in both EVW and control subjects with colds, the largest change being seen on day 4 in the sputum of those with EVW (mean difference from baseline (95% confidence interval) 2.5 (0.55-4.46) ng/mL). Only modest changes were seen in @entity379 and no changes were seen in @entity225 or ECP. None of the results was influenced by the @entity1097 status of the subjects in either group. CONCLUSIONS: EVW wheeze is characterized by @entity32 in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts without @entity1712 (even in @entity1097 subjects). @entity687 is likely to be an important chemokine in this process. Symptoms and airway responsiveness were correlated with change in neutrophils.

An adult model of exclusive viral wheeze: XXXX in the upper and lower respiratory tracts.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'neutrophilic inflammation'] @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia'] @entity225 :: ('3567', 'Gene') :: ['IL-5'] @entity1097 :: ('MESH:C566404', 'Disease') :: ['atopic'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma'] @entity687 :: ('3576', 'Gene') :: ['IL-8']
@entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']
