Herbs and dietary supplements can have significant physiological effects. Garlic (Allium sativum) has shown beneficial lipid effects in a majority of trials; dried garlic preparations are superior to oil preparations. There is preliminary evidence that indicates that hawthorn (Crataegus species) may provide benefits in @entity712 . Coenzyme Q also may be of benefit in @entity712 . Although observational studies indicate a protective effect of dietary or supplemental @entity270 , controlled trails have not shown a beneficial effect on @entity951 and have been mixed on whether supplementation decreases major @entity299 . Although several observational studies have noted that fish intake protects against @entity65 , prospective studies are less impressive. Fish oil supplementation may have a mild beneficial effect on @entity101 , but there is no effect on total @entity165 levels. Trials are inconsistent on whether fish oil reduces restenosis rates following coronary angioplasty. @entity6211 appears to have beneficial effects on @entity712 and @entity951 ; there is also preliminary evidence that @entity369 may benefit @entity1 with @entity712 or @entity951 . Herbs and supplements have been associated with adverse effects and interactions; for example, @entity1423 and can cause significant anticoagulation, and the Chinese herb danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) appears to potentiate @entity1229 . Several herbs and supplements hold promise as adjuncts in the prevention and treatment of @entity65 . There is a need for definitive research on the potential risks and benefits of these compounds, including appropriate dosages and formulations, and delineation of adverse events and interactions. (c)2000 by CHF, Inc.

Herbs and dietary supplements in the prevention and treatment of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure'] @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['Carnitine'] @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['garlic inhibits platelet aggregation'] @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin'] @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events'] @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']
@entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']
