BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective, blind study was to determine the minimum effective dose of hyperbaric @entity1341 required for cesarean section. METHODS: With Ethical Committee approval and written consent, 24 healthy @entity1 undergoing elective cesarean section received a combined spinal epidural anesthesia. We sought to determine the minimum effective dose of spinal @entity1341 using a staircase method. In each @entity1 an arbitrary dose of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 in relation to @entity1 height was used. The initial dose was 0.075 mg/cm height, while the outcome of each @entity1 's response determined the dose for the subsequent @entity1 . When successful spinal block (sensory level = or < T4 with complete motor blockade) was achieved within 20 min from spinal injection, the dose of spinal @entity1341 for the next @entity1 was decreased by 0.01 mg/cm height. Conversely, when successful spinal block was not observed, the dose of spinal @entity1341 for the next @entity1 was increased by 0.01 mg/cm height. Sensory and motor blocks were evaluated every 5 min by an independent, blinded observer. If successful spinal block was not achieved within the designed period, a 5-8 ml epidural bolus of 2% @entity3303 was given to achieve adequate surgical anesthesia. RESULTS: No complications were reported during the study, and all @entity1 delivered their baby uneventfully (APGAR scores 5 min after delivery ranged from 9 to 10) within 5 min from uterus incision. The duration of surgical procedure ranged from 30 to 48 minutes. The dose of hyperbaric @entity1341 providing adequate surgical anesthesia within 20 min from spinal injection in 50% of subjects was 0.036 mg/cm height (95% confidence intervals: 0.031-0.041 mg/cm height). The ED95 calculated from the probit transformation to provide effective spinal anesthesia for cesarean section was 0.06 mg/cm height. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective, blind study demonstrated that a dose as low as 0.06 mg/cm height represents the dose of intrathecal @entity1341 providing effective spinal block in 95% of @entity1 undergoing elective cesarean section.

The minimum effective dose of 0.5% hyperbaric spinal XXXX for cesarean section.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient'] @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine'] @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine']
@entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['bupivacaine']
