Posttranslational lipid modifications are important for proper localization of many proteins in eukaryotic cells. However, the functional interrelationships between lipid modification processes in plants remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that the two heterotrimeric G-protein gamma-subunits from @entity958 ( @entity958 ), @entity69064 and @entity69065 , are prenylated, and @entity69065 is S-acylated. In wild type, enhanced yellow fluorescent protein-fused @entity69064 and @entity69065 are associated with plasma membranes, with @entity69064 associated with internal membranes as well. Both can be prenylated by either @entity1131 ( @entity1131 ) or protein farnesyltransferase (PFT). Their membrane localization is intact in mutants lacking PFT activity and largely intact in mutants lacking @entity1131 activity but is disrupted in mutants lacking both PFT and @entity1131 activity. Unlike in mammals, @entity958 Ggammas do not rely on functional Galpha for membrane targeting. Mutation of the sixth to last @entity462 , the putative S-acylation acceptor site, causes a dramatic change in @entity69065 but not @entity69064 localization pattern, suggesting S-acylation serves as an important additional signal for @entity69065 to be targeted to the plasma membrane. Domain-swapping experiments suggest that a short charged sequence at the @entity69065 C terminus contributes to @entity69065 's efficient membrane targeting compared to @entity69064 . Our data show the large degree to which PFT and @entity1131 can compensate for each other in plants and suggest that differential lipid modification plays an important regulatory role in plant protein localization.

Dual lipid modification of XXXX Ggamma-subunits is required for efficient plasma membrane targeting.

@entity69065 :: ('825532(Tax:3702)', 'Gene') :: ['AGG2'] @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine'] @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis'] @entity1131 :: ('MESH:D011488', 'Disease') :: ['protein geranylgeranyltransferase I', 'PGGT-I'] @entity69064 :: ('825517(Tax:3702)', 'Gene') :: ['AGG1']
@entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']
