@entity1 with previously untreated obstetric @entity5300 frequently have abnormal elbow function because of motor recovery with aberrant reinnervation, or because of paresis or @entity912 . From 1988 to 1997 (9-year period), 62 @entity1 with obstetric @entity5300 with resulting @entity85 underwent various methods of palliative reconstruction to improve elbow function. For motor recovery with aberrant reinnervation, release of aberrantly reinnervated antagonistic muscles and augmentation of paretic muscles form the basis of surgical intervention. The surgical procedures included triceps-to-biceps transfer, biceps-to-triceps transfer, brachialis-to-triceps transfer, or combined biceps- and brachialis-to-triceps transfer. Choice of procedures was individualized and randomly determined on the basis of the degree and pattern of aberrant reinnervation between elbow flexors and extensors. In @entity1 ' motor recovery with paresis or @entity912 , persistently weak @entity14228 was salvaged with a functioning free muscle transplantation or Steindler's flexorplasty, or regional shoulder muscle transfer. In addition, @entity1 with aberrant reinnervation between shoulder abductors and elbow flexors underwent anterior deltoid-to-biceps transfer with a fascia lata graft. All @entity1 had a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Results are assessed and discussed and a reconstructive algorithm is recommended. In general, reconstruction of elbow extension should precede that of @entity14228 . Biceps-to-triceps transfer with preservation of an intact brachialis muscle, or brachialis-to-triceps transfer with preservation of an intact biceps, allows 50 percent of these @entity1 to achieve acceptable @entity14228 and extension in a single-stage procedure.

The reconstructive strategy for improving elbow function in late obstetric XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children'] @entity14228 :: ('MESH:C535618', 'Disease') :: ['elbow flexion'] @entity5300 :: ('MESH:D020516', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus palsy'] @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['elbow deformity'] @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['paralysis']
@entity5300 :: (MESH:D020516,Disease) :: ['brachial plexus palsy']
