UNASSIGNED: @entity1 living near highways are exposed to higher concentrations of traffic-related carcinogenic pollutants. Several studies reported an increased risk of @entity5 associated with traffic exposure, but the published evidence is inconclusive. We investigated whether @entity5 risk is associated with proximity of residence to highways in a nation-wide cohort study including all @entity1 aged <16  years from Swiss national censuses in 1990 and 2000. @entity5 incidence was investigated in time to event analyses (1990-2008) using Cox proportional hazards models and incidence density analyses (1985-2008) using Poisson regression. Adjustments were made for socio-economic factors, ionising background radiation and electromagnetic fields. In time to event analysis based on 532 cases the adjusted hazard ratio for @entity1778 comparing @entity1 living <100  m from a highway with unexposed @entity1 (>= 500  m) was 1.43 (95  % CI 0.79, 2.61). Results were similar in incidence density analysis including 1367 @entity1778 cases (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.57; 95  % CI 1.09, 2.25). Associations were similar for @entity981 (IRR 1.64; 95  % CI 1.10, 2.43) and stronger for @entity1778 in @entity1 aged <5  years (IRR 1.92; 95  % CI 1.22, 3.04). Little evidence of association was found for other @entity5 . Our study suggests that young @entity1 living close to highways are at increased risk of developing @entity1778 .

XXXX and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children'] @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia'] @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['childhood cancer', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'Cancer']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Childhood cancer']
