BACKGROUND: A recent study reported a decreased density of nonpyramidal neurons (NPs) in layer II of the anterior cingulate (ACCx) and prefrontal (PFCx) @entity75 that was most pronounced in schizoaffective subjects. Our study assessed whether a decrease of NPs in ACCx may show a stronger covariation with @entity1316 . A cohort consisting of 12 normal control (CONs), 11 @entity161 , and 10 bipolar subjects matched for age and postmortem interval (PMI) has been analyzed. METHODS: A two-dimensional technique was employed for counting cells in a large x,y sampling column that extended across layers I through VI of ACCx. RESULTS: There was a 27% reduction in the density of NPs in layer II of the bipolar group, whereas in the @entity161 group, this density was 16.2% lower. There were no differences in NPs in layers III through VI of either the @entity161 or bipolar group. Both groups also showed modest decreases of PNs in the deeper laminae; however, these differences were only significant in layer IV of the @entity161 subjects. The density of glial cells was similar across the control, @entity161 , and @entity162 . An Abercrombie correction for cell size did not alter the nature of the results. Subjects both with and without neuroleptic exposure showed a lower density of NPs in @entity162 or PNS in deeper laminae of @entity161 subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the findings reported here suggest that local circuit cells in layer II of ACCx may be @entity162 , whereas projection neurons in deeper laminae are decreased in @entity161 .

The density of pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons in anterior cingulate cortex of XXXX .

@entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cortices of schizophrenic brain'] @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorder'] @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar groups', 'layer II of bipolar subjects', 'decreased in bipolar disorder'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia']
@entity162 :: (MESH:D001714,Disease) :: ['schizophrenic and bipolar subjects']
