@entity442 and @entity5100 are synthesized in osteoblasts and stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and matrix synthesis in these cells. There is some evidence that IGFs act on bone cells not only by paracrine but also by endocrine pathways, suggesting that circulating IGFs may be of importance for the regulation of bone metabolism. On the other hand, the serum @entity442 level is also thought to be a good indicator of the nutritional conditions in hemodialysis @entity1 . The present study was performed to analyze the correlations of circulating levels of @entity442 , @entity5100 , @entity10116 and @entity2301 with biochemical markers of bone metabolism and parameters of the urea kinetic model which reflect nutritional conditions in hemodialysis @entity1 . We also examined the differences between these relationships in male and female @entity1 on hemodialysis. Sixty-two hemodialysis @entity1 , 36 @entity1 (male group) and 26 @entity1 (female group), were included in this study. We measured the serum levels of @entity442 , @entity5100 , @entity10116 , and @entity2301 . The bone mineral content (BMC) of the radius was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We calculated Kt/V, protein catabolic rate, and percent @entity1011 generation rate (%CGR). We also examined the relationships between serum levels of IGFs and BMC and the parameters of the @entity1133 kinetic model. It was found that the serum levels of @entity442 in the hemodialysis @entity1 were almost the same as those in the control group. However, the serum levels of @entity5100 , @entity10116 , and @entity2301 in the hemodialysis @entity1 were significantly higher than those in the control group. In the male group, the serum @entity442 levels showed a significant correlation with both serum intact parathyroid hormone levels and BMC, but no significant correlations between these indices were found in the female group. The serum levels of both @entity442 and @entity5100 showed significant correlations with %CGR in the male group, but not in the female group. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to clarify the relationship between serum levels of IGFs and BMC or %CGR. It was found that age, hemodialysis duration, serum intact parathyroid hormone levels, and sex were independent factors associated with BMC. The %CGR was associated independently with serum levels of @entity442 , and @entity5100 and with the presence of @entity6 . In conclusion, it is thought that serum levels of @entity442 and @entity5100 can be used as indices of nutritional conditions in hemodialysis @entity1 . However, the serum @entity442 level cannot be used as a marker of bone metabolism in hemodialysis @entity1 .

Relationships of serum levels of insulinlike growth factors with indices of bone metabolism and nutritional conditions in hemodialysis XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men'] @entity1133 :: ('MESH:D014508', 'Chemical') :: ['urea'] @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['IGFBP-3'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus'] @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['Insulinlike growth factor (IGF) I', 'IGF-I'] @entity10116 :: ('3484', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1', 'IGFBP-1'] @entity5100 :: ('3481', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-II'] @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
