Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( @entity7421 ) is a hematopoietic @entity2140 , but it may play a role in the regulation of the neuroendocrine system activity. Only few data are available about its possible influence on the pituitary gland. We have recently reported an acute stimulatory effect of @entity7421 (and of @entity7421 ) on adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion in @entity35 in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether chronic administration of @entity7421 affects ACTH and @entity2819 secretion and growth processes of the @entity35 anterior pituitary gland and adrenal cortex in vivo. We have demonstrated that @entity7421 (at a dose of 10.0 microg/kg body weight (BW)) injected s.c. once daily (for 7 days), stimulated both ACTH and @entity2819 secretion. Simultaneously, @entity7421 treatment did not change the total anterior pituitary cell proliferation as revealed by immunohistochemical staining of @entity1975 ( @entity1975 ). On the other hand, proliferative activity of corticotrophs, detected in the sections of the anterior pituitary using double-labeling. was significantly increased after treatment with @entity7421 . Moreover, this @entity2140 induced an increase in the proliferation ratio in the entire adrenal equatorial section. These findings suggest an involvement of @entity7421 in the regulation of @entity774 and support the hypothesis of bidirectional associations between the immune system and the endocrine glands.

Pituitary-adrenocortical responses to the chronic administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in XXXX .

@entity2140 :: ('79215(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['growth factor'] @entity1975 :: ('25737(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating cell nuclear antigen'] @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats'] @entity7421 :: ('116630(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['G-CSF', 'GM-CSF'] @entity774 :: ('MESH:D000312', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary-adrenal axis']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']
