BACKGROUND: There has been no longitudinal study of drug susceptibility in @entity6368 in Taiwan since 2006. METHODS: We collected 1090 gonococcal isolates from Taipei City Hospital, Taiwan from April 2006 to August 2013. We used a disk diffusion assay to determine the susceptibility to five antibiotics and an E-test to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations for @entity6727 and @entity2756 in isolates with resistance. Neisseria gonorrhoeae-multi Antigen Sequence Typing and DNA sequencing of the por and tbpB genes were used to identify sequence types. RESULTS: Among the 1090 isolates, the resistances to @entity114 , @entity2177 , @entity26397 , @entity6727 , and @entity2756 were 61.01%, 83.39%, 9.63%, 6.70%, and 2.39%, respectively. The highest minimum inhibitory concentrations of @entity6727 and @entity2756 were 0.19  mg/L and 0.50  mg/L, respectively. There were 327 sequence types. The four most common sequence types in homosexuals were ST4378, ST359, ST4654, and ST547; the two most common sequence types in heterosexuals were ST421 and ST419. Each of these sequence types had more than 25 isolates. There were significant differences in the sequence types in @entity1 with different sexual orientations (p  <  0.001). CONCLUSION: Oral @entity6727 or @entity2756 injections were used as first-line drugs for the treatment of @entity2954 from 2006 to 2013 because @entity2954 isolates had low minimum inhibitory concentrations for these two drugs. The abrupt emergence of ST4378 (closely related to the notorious ST1407) since 2009 is a cause for alarm. Changes in sexual behavior, including an increase in sexual activity without the use of condoms, may have contributed to the peak in @entity2954 in 2010. Further molecular epidemiological investigations are required.

Changes in the six most common sequence types of XXXX , including ST4378, identified by surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in northern Taiwan from 2006 to 2013.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity2954 :: ('MESH:D006069', 'Disease') :: ['gonorrhea'] @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone'] @entity6368 :: ('485', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae'] @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin'] @entity2177 :: ('MESH:D002939', 'Chemical') :: ['ciprofloxacin'] @entity26397 :: ('MESH:C053268', 'Chemical') :: ['cefpodoxime'] @entity6727 :: ('MESH:D020682', 'Chemical') :: ['cefixime']
@entity6368 :: (485,Species) :: ['Neisseria gonorrhoeae']
