OBJECTIVES: Further survival benefits may be gained from low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) by assessing @entity174 and bone density. We sought to assess the association between CT-measured @entity174 and bone density with all-cause mortality in @entity2 screening @entity1 . METHODS: Following a case-cohort design, @entity2 screening trial @entity1 (N   =   3,673) who died (N   =   196) during a median follow-up of 6  years (inter-quartile range: 5.7-6.3) were identified and added to a random sample of N   =   383 from the trial. We assessed @entity174 using Genant  s semiquantative method on sagittal reconstructions and measured bone density (Hounsfield Units (HU)) in vertebrae. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to determine if @entity174 or bone density were independently predictive of mortality. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity174 was 35  % (95  % confidence interval 30-40  %) among survivors and 51  % (44-58  %) amongst cases. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, pack years smoked, coronary and aortic @entity460 volume and @entity2542 , the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for @entity174 was 2.04 (1.43-2.92). For each 10 HU decline in trabecular bone density, the adjusted HR was 1.08 (1.02-1.15). CONCLUSIONS: @entity174 and bone density are independently associated with all-cause mortality. KEY POINTS:     @entity2 screening chest computed tomography contains additional, potentially useful information.     @entity174 and bone density are independently predictive of mortality.     This finding has implications for screening and management decisions.

Osteoporosis markers on low-dose XXXX screening chest computed tomography scans predict all-cause mortality.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Vertebral fractures', 'vertebral fractures', 'vertebral fracture'] @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity2542 :: ('MESH:D011656', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary emphysema']
@entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']
