BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Induction of general anaesthesia in combination with positive-pressure ventilation is often associated with a significant decrease of arterial pressure. A decreased preload may contribute to this phenomenon. The aim was to investigate whether a change in @entity299 occurs following the induction of general anaesthesia with @entity681 under typical clinical conditions. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 scheduled for elective coronary bypass grafting were studied immediately before surgery. In addition to standard monitors, a transpulmonary double-indicator dilution technique measured in vivo intrathoracic blood volume, global end-diastolic volume and total circulating blood volume. For induction of anaesthesia 2 microg kg(-1) @entity681 was given. Measurements were performed awake and after the induction of anaesthesia, intubation and mechanical ventilation of the lungs. RESULTS: To maintain arterial pressure during the induction period within -20% of baseline pressure, on average 22 +/- 6mLkg(-1) crystalloids and 8 +/- 6mLkg(-1) colloids were given. Despite these amounts of fluid, @entity299 was decreased, whereas circulating blood volume increased significantly. Both central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure increased. CONCLUSIONS: Induction of general anaesthesia with positive-pressure ventilation is regularly associated with a blood volume shift from intra- to extrathoracic compartments. Even in low-dose opioid monoanaesthesia with @entity681 --often regarded as relatively inert in haemodynamic terms--the phenomenon could be demonstrated as the primary cause of the often-observed decrease of arterial pressure. It seems, therefore, rationally justified to restore @entity299 by generous administration of intravenous fluids, at least in @entity1 with unaffected cardiac pump function. During induction of anaesthesia, central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure do not reliably indicate @entity299 .

Effects of induction of anaesthesia with XXXX and positive-pressure ventilation on the intra- to extrathoracic volume distribution.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac filling']
@entity681 :: (MESH:D017409,Chemical) :: ['sufentanil']
