UNASSIGNED: The face is quite an important stimulus category for @entity1 and nonhuman primates in their social lives. Recent advances in comparative-cognitive research clearly indicate that @entity831 and @entity1 process faces in a special manner; that is, using holistic or configural processing. Both species exhibit the face-inversion effect in which the inverted presentation of a face deteriorates their perception and recognition. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that @entity1 detect @entity1 faces among non-facial objects rapidly. We report that @entity831 detected @entity831 faces among non-facial objects quite efficiently. This efficient search was not limited to own-species faces. They also found @entity1 adult and baby faces-but not monkey faces-efficiently. Additional testing showed that a front-view face was more readily detected than a profile, suggesting the important role of eye-to-eye contact. @entity831 also detected a photograph of a banana as efficiently as a face, but a further examination clearly indicated that the banana was detected mainly due to a low-level feature (i.e., color). Efficient face detection was hampered by an inverted presentation, suggesting that configural processing of faces is a critical element of efficient face detection in both species. This conclusion was supported by a simple simulation experiment using the saliency model.

Efficient search for a face by @entity831 ( XXXX ).

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human'] @entity831 :: ('9598', 'Species') :: ['chimpanzee', 'chimpanzees', 'Chimpanzees']
@entity831 :: (9598,Species) :: ['Pan troglodytes']
