@entity189 is one of the most common @entity5 . In France, 15,000 died each year from the metastatic or locoregional progression of this @entity5 . In the past, effective surgical adjuvant therapy has been an elusive goal with no evidence of benefit from chemotherapy or immunotherapy. However, a meta-analysis published in 1988 showed that one-year adjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) containing regimens may slightly improve survival. Accelerated progress has been made since 1990: in @entity694 with regional nodal @entity3 (stage @entity5 ), therapy with combined @entity1487 and @entity7305 has resulted in a 33% reduction in the death rate. Controlled clinical trials demonstrated improved @entity5 response rates when the combination of @entity1487 and @entity4181 was compared with single-agent @entity1487 in @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 . Recent results indicate that this combination is effective in preventing @entity5 relapse and improving survival in @entity1 with high risk @entity694 (especially stage @entity5 ). The comparison of @entity1487 and @entity4181 to @entity1487 and @entity7305 is ongoing; the preliminary results of these controlled trials showed that 6 months of adjuvant therapy with @entity1487 and @entity4181 is as effective as the standard 12 months @entity1487 and @entity7305 regimen and less toxic. No clear adjuvant benefit has been established in @entity1 with @entity5 . The lack of statistical power of the trials and the 80% overall survival rate of these @entity1 may explain these negative results. Almost all the specialists of these @entity5 considered that it is possible to select @entity1 who are at sufficiently high risk of recurrence so that treatment can be justified. These @entity1 are those who presented initially with @entity5 perforation or obstruction, adherence to or invasion of adjacent organs, young @entity1 . Clinical trials suggest a survival benefit from the direct portal administration of the @entity1487 in the immediate post-operative period, although the magnitude of the effect is less than that seen in the systemic therapy trials.

[Recent advances in adjuvant chemotherapy in XXXX ].

@entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'C tumor', 'tumors', 'malignant disease', 'cancer', "Dukes' stage B2 colon cancer"] @entity7305 :: ('MESH:D007978', 'Chemical') :: ['levamisole'] @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma of the large bowel'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis'] @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer'] @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer'] @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', '5-fluorouracil']
@entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colonic cancers']
