The topography of medium (M)- and short (S)-wavelength sensitive cone photoreceptors was studied in the domestic pig retina. Antisera specific for M or S opsin as well as cone photoreceptor proteins arrestin and alpha-transducin were used to label cone types. Retinal wholemounts and their blood vessel patterns were drawn and specific regions removed. The wholemounts were immunocytochemically labelled to detect both M and S cones, and the specific regions labelled to detect S cones. Cones were counted in a 1 mm grid pattern, using the drawings as a guide. @entity1707 retina has a high cone density retinal streak extending across the retina covering the optic disc (OD) and horizontal meridian. Densities in the streak are 20,000-35,000 mm(-2). Two higher peaks occur in the streak, one in temporal retina near the OD (39,000 mm(-2)) and the other in nasal retina 5-7 mm from the OD (40,500 mm(-2)). The lowest cone density is in far peripheral inferior retina (7000 mm(-2)). The total number of cones in @entity1707 retina is 17-20 million. Both types of cones are found throughout the retina, with S cone percentages ranging from 7.4 to 17.5% in no consistent topographical pattern. S cones have an irregular local distribution which can vary from a regular hexagonal pattern to small clusters of adjacent S cones to small areas lacking S cones. Double-label immunocytochemistry found that virtually all S cone @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) contain some M opsin. M cone @entity1347 do not label at detectible levels for S opsin. @entity12526 retina is widely available, large, has a high cone density and has two types of cones. This tissue should be an excellent source for biochemical analysis of cone proteins, and for in vitro approaches to understanding cone survival factors.

Distribution and density of medium- and short-wavelength selective cones in the XXXX retina.

@entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'outer segments'] @entity1707 :: ('9823', 'Species') :: ['Pig', 'pig'] @entity12526 :: ('9825', 'Species') :: ['Domestic pig']
@entity12526 :: (9825,Species) :: ['domestic pig']
