UNASSIGNED: @entity302 is a serious @entity16 worldwide which affects about 1% of the population (ca. 50 million @entity1 ), the highest prevalence occurring in both @entity1 and elderly. Apart from idiopathic forms, etiology of the disease involves multiple brain risk factors - the most frequent being @entity66 , @entity5 and @entity130 . Several treatment options exist, including, for instance, pharmacotherapy, vagal nerve stimulation or @entity302 surgery. In spite of treatment, about 30% of @entity1 with @entity302 still have @entity410 and become drug-refractory. This is why other treatment options may be recommended, and ketogenic diet seems a last-chance method, especially in @entity1 and adolescents with @entity302 . The diet contains high amounts of fat and low @entity3363 with vitamin supplementation. The elevated concentrations of @entity16623 induced by the diet may result in inhibition of the synaptic activity of @entity3264 , the @entity1 target of the @entity3446 pathway, and activation of @entity855 -sensitive @entity972 channels. One of the main @entity16623 is @entity1324 , shown to increase the @entity410 threshold and potentiate the anticonvulsant activity of some antiepileptic drugs. The clinical effectiveness of the ketogenic diet has been confirmed in a number of clinical trials carried out mainly on @entity1 . A wider use of the ketogenic diet may be limited by the number of early adverse effects ( @entity344 , @entity520 , hypoglycaemia, @entity2700 and lethargy), and late adverse effects (hyperuricaemia, hyperlipidaemia, @entity1290 , easy @entity2981 , and decreases in height and weight). Recently, data are available on the negative impact of the ketogenic diet on the qualitative characteristics of lipoprotein subfractions which points to the atherogenic fenotype as a new side-effect. In conclusion, future research directed to the proper identification of @entity1 (in terms of age, @entity302 type and duration, recommended antiepileptic drugs) is necessary to answer the title question.

To treat or not to treat XXXX by the ketogenic diet? That is the question.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'children', 'patients', 'people'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures'] @entity3264 :: ('D018698', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate'] @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases'] @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic disorder'] @entity1324 :: ('MESH:D000096', 'Chemical') :: ['acetone'] @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal distress'] @entity16623 :: ('MESH:D007659', 'Chemical') :: ['ketones'] @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin'] @entity855 :: ('MESH:D000255', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine triphosphate'] @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis'] @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Epilepsy', 'epilepsy'] @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium'] @entity2981 :: ('MESH:D003288', 'Disease') :: ['bruising'] @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic injuries']
@entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['drug-refractory epilepsy']
