@entity3883 produces a number of biochemical and physiologic alterations in the biliary tract. Acute @entity255 occurs in an infected, usually obstructed biliary system, at the level of the common bile duct. The most common cause of obstruction is stones. Bacterial reflux from the biliary tract to the systemic circulation is considered to be the primary etiologic factor in @entity2259 and the development of @entity295 in @entity255 . The main factors in the pathogenesis of @entity697 are biliary tract obstruction, elevated intraluminal pressure, and infection of bile. The bile is normally sterile. The route of infection may be ascending, hematogenous or by lymphatics. Bactibilia (presence of bacteria in the biliary tract) increases in the presence of @entity253 , particularly partial and in the presence of foreign bodies like stones. Obstruction produces local changes in the host defenses, both in @entity6722 and phagocytosis along with systemic changes. The absence of bile and secretary IgA from the gastrointestinal tract because of @entity253 produces changes in the bacterial flora, loss of mucosal integrity, decreased endotoxin inactivation and promotes @entity6124 , @entity5694 and increased translocation of endotoxin (LPS) to the liver, resulting in @entity295 and also serving to inhibit hepatic macrophage (Kupffer cell) function in these @entity1 . Early intervention in relieving biliary decompression is imperative in restoring normal function of the Kupffer cells in the liver and to prevent functional alterations in the liver because of @entity1030 and @entity1448 and to decrease the postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Pathogenesis of XXXX in @entity3883 -revisited.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive jaundice'] @entity6722 :: ('MESH:C565534', 'Disease') :: ['chemotaxis'] @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis'] @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute cholangitis'] @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia'] @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstruction'] @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis'] @entity6124 :: ('MESH:D001765', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial overgrowth, portal bacteremia'] @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction'] @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia'] @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']
@entity255 :: (MESH:D002761,Disease) :: ['cholangitis']
