BACKGROUND: Nut @entity566 is a growing and potentially fatal public health problem. We have previously reported a novel @entity19 model of near-fatal hazelnut (HN) @entity566 that involves transdermal sensitization followed by oral elicitation of @entity56 . Here we studied the cardiac mast cell and cardiac tissue responses during oral nut induced @entity56 in this @entity19 model. METHODS: Groups of @entity19 were sensitized with HN and specific and total IgE were measured by ELISA. @entity56 was quantified by rectal thermometry and plasma @entity19 mast cell protease ( @entity8929 by ELISA. Cardiovascular functions were determined by a non-invasive tail cuff method. Mucosal mast cells (MMC) and intestinal connective tissue MC (CTMC) were studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for @entity8929 and @entity18797 protein expression respectively. Cardiac MC were studied by @entity11979 (TB) as well as by the above IHC methods. Cytokines and chemokines in the tissues were quantified by a multiplex protein array method. RESULTS: Oral allergen challenge (OAC) of transdermal sensitized @entity19 results in @entity2332 , @entity551 , @entity591 and rapid elevation of circulating @entity8929 . The IHC analysis of small intestine found significant expansion of @entity8929 + MMCs and @entity18797 + CTMCs. The TB analysis of cardiac tissues showed degranulation of majority of cardiac MCs. The IHC analysis of cardiac tissues showed very little @entity8929 expression, but marked @entity18797 expression. Furthermore, repeated OAC resulted in significant expansion of @entity18797 + cardiac MCs in both the pericardium and the myocardium. Protein array analysis revealed significant elevation of cardiac @entity777 and @entity68526 and @entity18510 signaling chemokines upon oral elicitation compared to sensitization alone. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that: (i) besides the intestine, cardiac mast cells and the cardiac tissue respond during oral nut induced @entity56 ; and (ii) repeated oral elicitation of reaction is associated with cardiac @entity18797 + mast cell expansion and elevation of cardiac @entity777 , and @entity68526 and @entity18510 signaling chemokines.

Cardiac XXXX + mast cell expansion and elevation of @entity777 , and @entity68526 and @entity18510 signaling chemokines in an adjuvant-free @entity19 model of tree nut @entity566 .

@entity18510 :: ('12765(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CXCR2'] @entity18797 :: ('17227(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['mMCP-4'] @entity8929 :: ('17224(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['mMCP)-1', 'mMCP-1'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse'] @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['allergy'] @entity11979 :: ('MESH:D014048', 'Chemical') :: ['toluidine blue'] @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia'] @entity777 :: ('16193(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6'] @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Oral allergic reaction', 'allergic reaction', 'allergic reactions'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension'] @entity68526 :: ('12768;12771', 'Gene') :: ['CCR1/3'] @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']
@entity18797 :: (17227(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['mMCP-4']
