In previous studies, chronic low-dose @entity2727 ( @entity7541 ) administration during early development has been shown to increase emotional responding in adulthood. However, most studies employed male subjects, which generally show enhanced fear relative to females in laboratory tests of @entity146 . The present study examined the sex-dependent effects of @entity7541 treatment on innate and learned fear behaviors. @entity35 were treated for 4 weeks from periadolescence through early adulthood with oral @entity7541 . In open field testing, females showed greater levels of activity than males, and @entity7541 (5mg/kg) decreased locomotion relative to control and 2mg/kg treatment in both sexes. In contextual fear conditioning, females exhibited less freezing than males at all retention intervals. Both sexes treated with 5mg/kg @entity7541 showed increased fear to the shock context, although @entity7541 treatment did not interfere with contextual discrimination in either sex. Upon reexposure to the shock context at 24h, only females treated with 5mg/kg @entity7541 exhibited increases in freezing. @entity7541 treatment did not disrupt extinction of contextual fear (48 h post-conditioning) in either sex. These findings illustrate subtle sex differences in the effects of prolonged @entity7541 exposure on fear behaviors, and highlight the need to examine further the underlying mechanisms in both sexes.

Sex-dependent effects of long-term oral XXXX treatment on spontaneous and learned fear behaviors.

@entity7541 :: ('MESH:C041626', 'Chemical') :: ['MPH'] @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['methylphenidate'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Rats'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['anxious behaviors']
@entity2727 :: (MESH:D008774,Chemical) :: ['methylphenidate']
