BACKGROUND: We demonstrated that ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) lesions facilitate DNA synthesis, which reflects cell proliferation in abdominal organs, including the liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine and large intestine, all of which are amply innervated by the vagal nerve. OBJECTIVE: To investigate which area DNA synthesis facilitates and what factors contribute to cell proliferation in the small intestine in VMH-lesioned @entity35 . DESIGN: At 7 days after @entity75 or sham operations, a segment of @entity35 jejunum was taken for histological examination. A part of the jejunum was also removed from VMH-lesioned and sham-operated @entity35 after 3 days and examined for @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) incorporation. At 6, 12 and 24 h after @entity75 , the proximal intestine was removed from individual @entity35 , from the pylorus to the mid-jejunum. Total RNA was extracted from these tissues of each @entity35 , and the levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha mRNA were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. @entity9773 mRNA levels were determined using Northern blotting. RESULTS: : Jejunal villi in VMH-lesioned @entity35 were markedly enlarged compared to those of sham-operated @entity35 and jejunal crypts in VMH-lesioned @entity35 more markedly incorporated @entity1603 . Northern blot analysis revealed an increase in @entity9774 mRNA after 6, 12 and 24 h in the jejunum of VMH-lesioned @entity35 . @entity4665 mRNA was decreased 6 and 12 h after VMH lesioning; however, it was significantly increased 24 h after @entity75 in comparison to sham-operated @entity35 . The levels of EGF and @entity18696 mRNA were unchanged in VMH lesioned @entity35 . CONCLUSION: @entity75 induced @entity1283 and increased the gene expression of @entity9774 in the small intestine. @entity2918 , probably E(2), induced by @entity9774 may be one candidate factor responsible for the cell proliferation of the small intestinal epithelium in these @entity35 .

XXXX induce jejunal epithelial cell hyperplasia through an increase in gene expression of cyclooxygenase.

@entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BrdU', "5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine"] @entity9773 :: ('24693;29527;26195;26198', 'Gene') :: ['Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['VMH lesions'] @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['enlargement of jejunal villi'] @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandins'] @entity9774 :: ('26195(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['COX-1'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats'] @entity4665 :: ('26198(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['COX-2'] @entity18696 :: ('24827(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-alpha']
@entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Ventromedial hypothalamus lesions']
