BACKGROUND: @entity4784 is a serious international concern with limited treatment success. @entity1 and @entity1 differ in their susceptibility to @entity4784 and response to @entity284 treatment and can therefore benefit from sex-specific treatment. We performed a systematic review of the literature on outcomes of @entity284 maintenance treatment for @entity4784 in @entity1 and @entity1 related to drug use, health status and social functioning. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL for observational or randomized controlled studies involving adults 18 years of age or older undergoing @entity284 treatment for @entity4784 . Studies were included if they investigated sex differences in @entity284 treatment outcomes. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted data. Meta-analyses were performed when possible; risk of bias and quality of evidence were also assessed. RESULTS: Twenty studies with 9732 @entity1 were included, of which 18 were observational and 2 were randomized controlled trials. @entity1 and @entity1 differed significantly in @entity285 use (odds ratio [OR] 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31 to 0.86), @entity4944 use (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.94), legal involvement (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.84) and employment during treatment (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.73). Opioid use patterns were similar among @entity1 and @entity1 . Risk of bias was moderate, and quality of evidence was generally low. INTERPRETATION: Sex differences were evident in polysubstance use, legal involvement and employment status among @entity1 and @entity1 receiving @entity284 treatment for @entity4784 . Although the quality of evidence was low, our review highlights the need for improved implementation of sex-specific treatment strategies.

Sex differences in outcomes of XXXX maintenance treatment for @entity4784 : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Men', 'men'] @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['Opioid use disorder', 'opioid use disorder', 'opioid use disorders'] @entity284 :: ('MESH:D008691', 'Chemical') :: ['methadone'] @entity4944 :: ('MESH:D000661', 'Chemical') :: ['amphetamine'] @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']
@entity284 :: (MESH:D008691,Chemical) :: ['methadone']
