UNASSIGNED: @entity3089 ( @entity3090 ) is the most abundant @entity12919 in green tea and may combat bacteria with few side-effects. Its selectivity for different @entity2348 remains unclear, and hence the identification of the underlying mechanism is of practical importance. Both the thioredoxin (Trx) system and the @entity2041 /glutaredoxin (Grx) system support bacterial growth. Some pathogenic bacteria are naturally deficient in the Grx system. We analyzed the effect of green tea extract (GTE) and @entity3090 on wild-type and null mutants of @entity526 with either @entity58407 and found that GTE and @entity3090 selected the Trx system as a target and killed the mutant that is exclusively dependent on Trx/Trx reductase (TrxR). @entity3090 inhibited the activity of both @entity14688 and TrxR of @entity526 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values of @entity3090 for the reduced forms of @entity526 @entity14688 /TrxR were ~ 3-4-fold lower than those for their non-reduced forms. The IC50 value of @entity3090 for the @entity526 @entity14688 system was 56-fold lower than that for the @entity1 @entity14688 system. The inhibition by @entity3090 of both @entity14688 and TrxR of @entity526 was irreversible. @entity3090 -induced inactivation of @entity526 @entity14688 was a second-order process, and that of @entity526 TrxR was an affinity-labeling process. The covalent binding sites for @entity3090 in @entity526 @entity14688 were Trp(28) , Trp(31) and @entity2569 (32) , and in @entity526 TrxR were @entity2569 (135) and @entity2569 (138) . Moreover, the sensitivity of @entity794 to @entity3090 was similar to that of an @entity526 mutant with @entity58407 . @entity3090 -induced inactivation of Trx/TrxR in @entity794 coincided with suppressed growth of this virulent pathogen. Our findings suggest a role for @entity3090 -dependent Trx/TrxR inactivation in potentiating antibacterial activity of @entity3090 .

Bacterial thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase as mediators for XXXX -induced antimicrobial action.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian'] @entity58407 :: ('MESH:C536835', 'Disease') :: ['Trx or Grx system deficiency', 'Grx system deficiency'] @entity2569 :: ('CHEBI:17561', 'Chemical') :: ['Cys'] @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione'] @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections'] @entity12919 :: ('MESH:D002392', 'Chemical') :: ['catechin'] @entity3089 :: ('MESH:C045651', 'Chemical') :: ['Epigallocatechin 3-gallate'] @entity3090 :: ('CHEBI:4806', 'Chemical') :: ['EGCG'] @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus'] @entity14688 :: ('7295', 'Gene') :: ['Trx1'] @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']
@entity3089 :: (MESH:C045651,Chemical) :: ['epigallocatechin 3-gallate']
