@entity11676 [ @entity11676 (GA)], a natural phytochemical, is known to have a variety of cellular functions including beneficial effects on @entity209 . However, the molecular mechanism by which GA exerts its beneficial effects is not known. Here we report that GA plays its role through the activation of @entity860 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) and by regulating mitochondrial function via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y coactivator1a ( @entity7111 ). @entity14075 ( @entity14075 ) knockdown significantly blunted GA's effect on @entity7111 activation and downstream genes, suggesting a critical role of the AMPK/ @entity14075 / @entity7111 pathway in GA's action. Moreover, diet-induced @entity28 @entity19 treated with GA showed significantly improved @entity413 and insulin homeostasis. In addition, the administration of GA protected diet-induced body @entity1017 without a change in food intake. Biochemical analyses revealed a marked activation of AMPK in the liver, muscle, and interscapular brown adipose tissue of the GA-treated @entity19 . Moreover, uncoupling protein 1 together with other genes related to energy expenditure was significantly elevated in the interscapular brown adipose tissue. Taken together, these results indicate that GA plays its beneficial metabolic roles by activating the AMPK/ @entity14075 / @entity7111 pathway and by changing the interscapular brown adipose tissue genes related to thermogenesis. Our study points out that targeting the activation of the AMPK/ @entity14075 / @entity7111 pathway by GA or its derivatives might be a potential therapeutic intervention for insulin resistance in @entity209 .

XXXX Regulates Body Weight and @entity413 Homeostasis Through AMPK Activation.

@entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity14075 :: ('93759(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Sirtuin 1', 'Sirt1'] @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain'] @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic diseases', 'metabolic syndromes'] @entity860 :: ('MESH:D000249', 'Chemical') :: ['AMP'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose'] @entity11676 :: ('MESH:D005707', 'Chemical') :: ['3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid', 'Gallic acid'] @entity7111 :: ('19017(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['PGC1a']
@entity11676 :: (MESH:D005707,Chemical) :: ['Gallic Acid']
