UNASSIGNED: Neutrophils have been shown to efficiently kill @entity11937 causative agent of @entity5422 . Here, using live cell imaging, we characterize the dynamic interactions of neutrophils with @entity1327 and the underlying mechanisms in real-time. Neutrophils were directly seen to chase @entity1327 , and then rapidly internalize it. Complement C5a-C5aR signaling guided neutrophils to migrate to the @entity375 cells, resulting in an optimal phagocytosis and subsequent killing of the organisms. Addition of recombinant C5a enhanced neutrophil movement but did not induce chemotaxis, suggesting that C5a gradient is crucial. Incubation with @entity1327 resulted in enhanced activation of Erk and p38 MAP kinases in neutrophils. Inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway, but not Erk pathway, significantly impaired neutrophil @entity4222 and its subsequent killing of @entity1327 . Deficiency of CD11b or blocking of CD11b did not affect the @entity4222 of neutrophils towards @entity1327 , but almost completely abolished phagocytosis and killing of the organisms by neutrophils. C5a-C5aR signaling induced enhanced surface expression of CD11b. Interestingly, the original surface expression of CD11b was essential and sufficient for neutrophils to attach @entity1327 , but was unable to mediate phagocytosis. In contrast, the enhanced surface expression of CD11b induced by C5a-C5aR signaling was essential for neutrophil phagocytosis and subsequent killing of the @entity375 cells. Collectively, this is the first report of the dynamic interactions of neutrophils with @entity1327 , demonstrating a crucial role of C5a-C5aR for neutrophil killing of @entity1327 in real-time.

Real-time imaging of interactions of neutrophils with XXXX crucial role of C5a-C5aR signaling.

@entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration'] @entity5422 :: ('MESH:D008590', 'Disease') :: ['meningoencephalitis'] @entity1327 :: ('5207', 'Species') :: ['C. neoformans'] @entity11937 :: ('178876', 'Species') :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans, a'] @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['yeast']
@entity11937 :: (178876,Species) :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans: a']
