The present study aimed to explore altered effective connectivity in @entity161 @entity1 while performing a 2-back working memory task. Twelve right-handed, @entity161 @entity1 treated with typical or atypical antipsychotics and 6 healthy control subjects were studied with fMRI while performing a "2-back" working memory task. Effective connectivity within a @entity76 for mnemonic information processing was assessed and compared between both groups. The path model included cortico-cortical connections comprising the parietal association cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as well as a cortico-cerebellar feedback loop comprising prefrontal cortex, contralateral cerebellum, and thalamus. Group differences were analyzed with a stacked models approach. Relative to normal controls, both @entity1 groups revealed a pattern of reduced connectivity within the prefrontal-cerebellar and the cerebellar-thalamic limbs but enhanced connectivity in the thalamo-cortical limb of the cortical-cerebellar circuit. Moreover, a direct comparison of both treatment groups revealed enhanced connectivity in the interhemispheric connections between the cortical association areas in @entity1 treated with atypical antipsychotics. However, right prefrontal and left parieto-frontal path coefficients were lower in the @entity1 group receiving atypical antispychotic drugs. The findings suggest that the relationship between pathology in @entity76 and associated functional connectivity is complex and may include aspects of increased and decreased levels of connectivity consistent with the notion of " @entity73 " in @entity161 . The observed pronounced connectivity within thalamo-cortical projections could be attributed to a compensatory increase of thalamic input in the presence of disrupted effective connectivity within the preceding limb of the cortical-cerebellar circuitry. The study demonstrated the feasibility of structural equation modeling for the investigation of group and treatment-related differences in effective connectivity and provides a promising approach to further disentangle the relationship between altered functional capacity and associated fMRI signal changes.

Altered effective connectivity during working memory performance in XXXX : a study with fMRI and structural equation modeling.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysmetria'] @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia'] @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cortical-subcortical cerebellar networks', 'cortical-subcortical-cerebellar network']
@entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']
