PURPOSE: To prospectively assess the sensitivity and specificity of low-dose multidetector computed tomography (CT) with virtual tracheobronchoscopy (VT) for evaluation of suspected airway stenoses and/or abnormalities by using @entity8364 ( @entity8364 ) as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the local ethics committee; parental consent was obtained. Forty-five @entity1 with clinically and/or radiographically suspected @entity19926 underwent @entity8364 and contrast material-enhanced single-phase multidetector CT with VT. CT was performed with an age- and weight-adjusted low-dose protocol: 120 or 80 kV; 120 or 60 mA; collimation, 1.5 or 0.75 mm; gantry rotation, 0.5 second. Mean effective dose was calculated for all examinations. Postprocessing was performed with surface rendering of VT images and multiplanar reformations. CT images were analyzed in consensus by two radiologists who were blinded to @entity8364 results. Statistical analysis was performed with 2 x 2 contingency tables; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with the Blyth-Still-Casella procedure. RESULTS: Mean @entity1 age was 4.4 years (range, 2 months to 16 years; 53% male @entity1 ). @entity854 were depicted at @entity8364 in 38 of 45 @entity1 . In 33 of 38 @entity1 , multidetector CT with VT depicted a @entity19926 . In 10 of 38 @entity1 , @entity19926 was induced by @entity455 . Five @entity1 with normal findings at multidetector CT with VT had @entity10485 with @entity1224 at @entity8364 . Sensitivity and specificity of CT with VT were 86.8% (95% CI: 73.3%, 94.7%) and 85.7% (95% CI: 44.6%, 99.3%), respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 97.1% (95% CI: 84.9%, 99.9%) and 54.5% (95% CI: 25.0%, 80.0%), respectively. Overall accuracy was 86.7% (95% CI: 74.3%, 94.0%). Mean effective dose was 1.1 @entity2073 (range, 0.5-1.8 @entity2073 ). CONCLUSION: Multidetector CT with VT with a low-dose protocol had high sensitivity and specificity for depiction of @entity19926 . However, @entity8276 due to @entity10485 was difficult to diagnose at single-phase multidetector CT with VT.

XXXX and stenoses: detection with low-dose multidetector CT with virtual tracheobronchoscopy--comparison with @entity8364 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular anomalies'] @entity10485 :: ('MESH:D055089', 'Disease') :: ['tracheobronchomalacia'] @entity19926 :: ('MESH:C566362', 'Disease') :: ['tracheobronchial narrowing and/or anomaly', 'tracheobronchial narrowings and/or anomalies', 'tracheobronchial stenosis and/or anomaly', 'tracheobronchial stenosis'] @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Tracheobronchial narrowing and/or abnormality'] @entity8364 :: ('MESH:D002375', 'Disease') :: ['FT', 'flexible tracheobronchoscopy'] @entity2073 :: ('10821', 'Species') :: ['mSv'] @entity8276 :: ('MESH:D014133', 'Disease') :: ['tracheal narrowing'] @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['inspiratory airway stenosis']
@entity19926 :: (MESH:C566362,Disease) :: ['Tracheobronchial anomalies']
