Diagnosis of @entity384 relies on the histological and immunohistological examination of endomyocardial biopsies. Only with the demonstration of the etiological agents in the myocardium specific therapy can be attempted. Whereas the spontaneous course of @entity2401 with little hemodynamic impairment is fair, the prognosis of symptomatic @entity2401 and @entity384 is poor, with complete restitution in 35% and a 10-year survival rate of 30%. Restriction of physical activity is a validated form of therapy with normalization of the heart size in 40 to 60%. Symptomatic medical therapy consists of digitalis, diuretics, ACE-inhibitors and vasodilators and betablocker therapy, where a reduction of mortality was demonstrated in clinical (sub)studies up to 60%. Specific forms of therapy in @entity296 rely on the demonstration or lack of viral persistence or signs of autoreactivity in the myocardial tissue. Immunosuppressive therapy in autoimmune forms improved cardiac function in up to 60% of the @entity1 in controlled trials, when compared to controls (40%). The double-blind randomized @entity2401 treatment trial, which unfortunately did not distinguish viral from @entity2401 could not demonstrate such a benefit, however. Depending on the etiology of the disease, immunomodulation with immunoglobulins or interferon or antiviral therapy with hyperimmunoglobulins are presently tested in clinical treatment trials (ESETCID) in @entity1 with enterovirus-positive or cytomegalovirus-positive and adenovirus-positive chronic @entity2401 . Specific therapies are aimed to avoid the progression of the disease which may ultimately lead to @entity712 with a cardiac assist device or heart transplantation as ultimate therapeutic option.

[Therapy of XXXX with and without inflammation].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure'] @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory cardiomyopathy'] @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy', 'dilated cardiomyopathy'] @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune myocarditis', 'myocarditis', 'endemic myocarditis']
@entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['dilated cardiomyopathies']
