BACKGROUND: Islet cell transplantation holds a potential cure for type 1 @entity6 , but many islet recipients do not reach long-lasting insulin independence. In this exploratory study, we investigated whether serum cytokines, chemokines and adipokines are associated with the clinical outcome of islet transplantation. METHODS: Thirteen islet transplant @entity1 were selected on basis of good graft function (reaching insulin independence) or insufficient engraftment (insulin requiring) from our cohort receiving standardized grafts and immune suppressive therapy. @entity1 reaching insulin independence were divided in those with continued (>12 months) versus transient (<6 months) insulin independence. A panel of 94 proteins including cytokines and adipokines was measured in sera taken before and at one year after transplantation using a validated multiplex immunoassay platform. RESULTS: Ninety serum proteins were detectable in concentrations varying markedly among @entity1 at either time point. Thirteen markers changed after transplantation, while another seven markers changed in a clinical subpopulation. All other markers remained unaffected after transplantation under generalized immunosuppression. Patterns of cytokines could distinguish good graft function from insufficient function including @entity686 , @entity8020 , @entity6826 and @entity10732 before and after transplantation, by @entity17090 , @entity10557 , @entity2252 and @entity6824 only before and by @entity13236 , @entity6889 , @entity31309 , S100A12 and sCD14 after transplantation. Three other proteins ( @entity1243 , @entity17913 and S100A12) associated with loss of temporary graft function before or after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct cytokine signatures could be identified in serum that predict or associate with clinical outcome. These serum markers may help guiding @entity1 selection and choice of immunotherapy, or act as novel drug targets in islet transplantation.

Serum Cytokines as Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity10732 :: ('7850', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1RII'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity686 :: ('3438', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-a'] @entity13236 :: ('50616', 'Gene') :: ['IL-22'] @entity1243 :: ('3952', 'Gene') :: ['Leptin'] @entity17913 :: ('1514', 'Gene') :: ['Cathepsin L'] @entity17090 :: ('3603', 'Gene') :: ['IL-16'] @entity2252 :: ('627', 'Gene') :: ['BDNF'] @entity6824 :: ('1435', 'Gene') :: ['M-CSF'] @entity6826 :: ('4254', 'Gene') :: ['SCF'] @entity6889 :: ('90865', 'Gene') :: ['IL-33'] @entity10557 :: ('6348', 'Gene') :: ['CCL3'] @entity31309 :: ('26762', 'Gene') :: ['KIM-1'] @entity8020 :: ('3976', 'Gene') :: ['LIF']
@entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetes']
