OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of moderately increased maternal dietary energy intake during gestation on foetal skeletal muscle development and metabolism with @entity1707 as a model. METHODS: Twelve primiparous purebred Large White sows (initial body weight 135.5      1.6  kg) were allocated to one of two energy intake treatments: normal-energy-intake group (Con, 30.96  MJ DE/day) as recommended by the National Research Council (NRC; 2012) and high-energy-intake group (HE, 34.15  MJ DE/day). The nutritional treatments were introduced from mating to day 90 of gestation. On day 90 of gestation, foetuses were examined by morphological, biochemical and molecular analysis of the longissimus muscle. Umbilical vein serum hormones were measured. RESULTS: Sow body weight was increased in HE group compared with Con group (P  <  0.05), whereas foetal myofibre density was decreased (P  <  0.05). Meanwhile, protein concentration, @entity908 kinase and @entity880 dehydrogenase activities and umbilical vein serum @entity1954 (T3) concentration were decreased in HE foetuses (P  <  0.05). Maternal HE diets decreased the mRNA abundance of muscle growth-related genes, @entity4584 (MYH/ @entity4584 ) genes ( @entity48199 and @entity70133 ) and insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin growth factor-binding protein 5 (P  <  0.05). Furthermore, the protein expressions of myogenic differentiation factor 1, myogenin and fast- @entity4584 isoforms were reduced in HE foetuses (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that moderately increased maternal dietary energy intake delays the differentiation and maturation in skeletal muscle of the foetus on day 90 of gestation.

Moderately increased maternal dietary energy intake delays foetal skeletal muscle differentiation and maturity in XXXX .

@entity1707 :: ('9823', 'Species') :: ['pig'] @entity70133 :: ('100125538(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['MYH1'] @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine'] @entity48199 :: ('397256(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['MYH2'] @entity4584 :: ('396711(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['myosin heavy-chain', 'MyHC'] @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate'] @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']
@entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']
