BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization has declared @entity3458 ( @entity3458 ) a public health priority. There are 300,000 births/year, over 75% in Africa, with estimates suggesting that 6 million Africans will be living with @entity3458 if average survival reaches half the African norm. Countries such as United States of America and United Kingdom have reduced @entity3458 mortality from 3 to 0.13 per 100 @entity1 years of observation (PYO), with interventions such as newborn screening, prevention of @entity281 and comprehensive care, but implementation of interventions in African countries has been hindered by lack of locally appropriate information. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and factors associated with @entity204 from @entity3458 in Dar-es-Salaam. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A hospital-based cohort study was conducted, with prospective surveillance of 1,725 @entity3458 @entity1 recruited from 2004 to 2009, with 209 (12%) lost to follow up, while 86 died. The mortality rate was 1.9 (95%CI 1.5, 2.9) per 100 PYO, highest under 5-years old [7.3 (4.8-11.0)], adjusting for dates of birth and study enrollment. Independent risk factors, at enrollment to the cohort, predicting @entity204 were low hemoglobin (<5 g/dL) [3.8 (1.8-8.2); p=0.001] and high total @entity648 (>= 102   mol/L) [1.7 (1.0-2.9); p=0.044] as determined by logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality in @entity3458 in Africa is high, with the most vulnerable period being under 5-years old. This is most likely an underestimate, as this was a hospital cohort and may not have captured @entity3458 individuals with severe disease who died in early childhood, those with mild disease who are undiagnosed or do not utilize services at health facilities. Prompt and effective treatment for @entity417 in @entity3458 is recommended as it is likely to improve survival. Further research is required to determine the etiology, pathophysiology and the most appropriate strategies for management of @entity417 in @entity3458 .

Mortality in sickle cell XXXX in Africa: a prospective cohort study in Tanzania.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person'] @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['anemia'] @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin'] @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['SCA', 'Sickle Cell Anemia'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death']
@entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['anemia']
