PURPOSE: @entity2553 has been associated with @entity726 , but its mechanisms have not been elucidated. The present study was designed to evaluate the role of @entity2232 , a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor, in the genesis of @entity2553 in @entity726 . METHODS: Our sample contained @entity1 with @entity1538 (n = 43) and subjects with normal @entity735 and without acral @entity2553 (n = 27). After the eligibility visit, all subjects underwent a provocative cooling test, consisting of wearing for 30 minutes a head-vest cooling garment containing coolant fluid. Blood was collected before and after cooling, and plasma @entity2232 was determined by immunoassay. In addition, visual fields and retinal blood flow, measured with a confocal scanning laser and Doppler flowmeter, were measured before and after cooling. Peripheral finger flow, skin temperature, and blood pressure were monitored during the experiment. A recovery visit was performed within 1 month, when visual field and retinal blood flow measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Baseline plasma @entity2232 levels were similar between @entity1 with @entity726 and control subjects (mean +/- SD: 2.81 +/- 1.29 and 2.56 +/- 1.36 pg/mL, respectively, P = 0.465). @entity1 with @entity726 , however, had a significant increase in plasma @entity2232 after cooling (mean +/- SD increase of 34% +/- 52%, P = 0.001), not observed in control subjects (mean +/- SD increase of 7% +/- 43%, P = 0.750). No significant @entity227 was observed after cooling in either group. @entity1 with @entity726 who had evidence of acral @entity2553 , however, were more likely to show @entity227 after cooling than @entity1 without acral @entity2553 (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity726 have an abnormal increase in plasma @entity2232 after the body cools. It is possible that at least in some @entity1 , increased levels of @entity2232 in response to vasospastic stimuli may be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity16 .

Effects of cold-induced XXXX in @entity726 : the role of @entity2232 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['change in visual fields or retinal blood flow', 'deterioration in visual fields'] @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open-angle glaucoma'] @entity2232 :: ('1906', 'Gene') :: ['ET-1', 'endothelin (ET)-1'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['glaucomatous damage'] @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma'] @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['nonglaucomatous eyes'] @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['Vasospasm', 'vasospasm']
@entity2553 :: (MESH:D020301,Disease) :: ['vasospasm']
