Haemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities in @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) are not well characterised. The present authors investigated the prevalence and association of abnormal Hb with clinical outcomes. Analysis of a prospective cohort of stable @entity1030 outpatients (n = 683) in a USA Veterans Administration pulmonary clinic was undertaken. @entity1 were classified as anaemic (Hb <13 g.dL(-1)), polycythemic (Hb > or =17 g.dL(-1) and > or =15 g.dL(-1) for males and females, respectively) or normal. Demographic characteristics and physiological/functional outcomes were compared between groups. Regression models adjusting for confounders examined the independent association of @entity417 with clinical outcomes. @entity417 was present in 116 (17%) @entity1 and @entity6582 in 40 (6%). While the only values that differed between polycythemic and nonpolycythemic @entity1 were mean body mass index and Hb, anaemic @entity1 showed a significantly higher modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale score (2.8 versus 2.6), lower 6-min walk distance (265 versus 325 m) and shorter median survival (49 versus 74 months) than nonanaemic @entity1 . In regression models, @entity417 independently predicted dyspnoea and reduced exercise capacity. @entity417 in @entity1030 was an independent risk factor for reduced functional capacity. @entity6582 prevalence was low and had no association with worsened outcomes. Further work is required to evaluate the effect of @entity417 correction on outcomes in @entity1030 .

Haemoglobin level and its clinical impact in a cohort of @entity1 with XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia', 'Polycythemia'] @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anaemia', 'anaemia'] @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']
@entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']
