The acute @entity137 of chemicals to @entity5660 , as shown by intraperitoneal injections (IP LD50), oral dosing (oral LD50) and aqueous exposure (LC50) was compared with published values for IP LD50S and oral LD50S of @entity19 and @entity35 . The method of comparison was by simple linear regression analyses of log-transformed data, modified to recognize that X (fish @entity137 ) was neither fixed nor measured without error. Within-species comparisons demonstrated very strong linear correlations (r = 0.866-0.998) between IP and oral LD50S. Variability was least for the fish data since it was all generated in one laboratory. Comparisons between species of IP and oral LD50S gave correlation coefficients ranging from 0.59 to 0.95 with the majority over 0.80. Correlations were best (r = 0.83-0.94) between fish LD50S and @entity35 and @entity19 IP LD50S. Correlations were poorest between fish and @entity1 oral LD50S (r = 0.59-0.66) because the sample sizes and the ranges of values were very small. In all cases, the slopes were close to, or equalled, 1.0. Comparisons of fish LC50S to fish or @entity1 LD50S were not as successful. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.19 to 0.83. Presumably the cause was the aqueous exposure. Interactions of the chemicals with water (e.g. dissociation) and with lipid membranes (partitioning) should cause considerable variations in uptake efficiency. However, adjustments of LC50S for dissociation constants and partition coefficients did not improve these correlations, probably because there were few chemicals for which all data were available. These comparisons demonstrate a potential for a wider use of surrogate species in @entity137 testing and for adapting existing data from @entity1 toxicology to aquatic hazard assessments.

A comparison of the acute @entity137 of chemicals to fish, @entity35 and XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian'] @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['rainbow trout'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'rats']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']
