To obtain information on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of flow-induced arterial remodeling, we analyzed the morphology and @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) characteristics in @entity35 mesenteric resistance arteries after interventions that decreased and increased flow. Juvenile male @entity35 Kyoto @entity35 were subjected to surgery that, compared with control arteries, provided arteries with chronic low flow and chronic high flow. Low flow resulted in a decreased passive lumen diameter, hypotrophy of the artery wall, and both loss and decreased size of SMCs. Time course studies, with intervention length ranging from 2 to 32 days of altered blood flow, showed that the narrowing of the lumen diameter in low-flow arteries appeared within 2 days and that an early dedifferentiation of @entity3960 phenotype was indicated by markedly reduced levels of @entity10944 mRNA. High flow resulted in an increased passive lumen diameter and in @entity1184 of the artery wall. The @entity1184 resulted from @entity3960 proliferation because @entity3960 number, measured by the 3D-dissector technique, was increased and immunohistochemical assessment of proliferating cell nuclear antigen also showed an increase. The widening of high-flow arteries required 16 days to become established, at which time @entity10944 mRNA was reduced. This time was also required to establish changed wall mass in both low-flow and high-flow arteries. Apoptotic cells detected by TdT-mediated @entity1977 - @entity1885 nick end labeling staining were mainly located in the medial layer, and evaluation of DNA fragmentation indicated that increased apoptosis occurred in both low flow and high flow. This study shows for the first time direct evidence that reduced and elevated blood flow in resistance arteries produce, respectively, decrease and increase in @entity3960 number, with dedifferentiation of the SMCs in both cases.

Smooth muscle cell changes during flow-related remodeling of XXXX mesenteric resistance arteries.

@entity1885 :: ('MESH:D001710', 'Chemical') :: ['biotin'] @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy'] @entity1977 :: ('CHEBI:17625', 'Chemical') :: ['dUTP'] @entity10944 :: ('64362(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['desmin'] @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['smooth muscle cell', 'SMC'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Wistar', 'rats']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']
