Therapeutic effects of skeletal myoblast transplantation into the @entity1562 are mediated via paracrine factors. We investigated the ability of myoblast-derived soluble mediators to protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress. Fetal @entity35 cardiac cells were treated with conditioned medium from cultures of myoblasts or cardiac fibroblasts, and oxidative stress was induced with @entity5568 . Myoblast-derived factors effectively prevented oxidative stress-induced @entity204 and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. This protective effect was mediated via @entity10816 and @entity36301 signaling, and mimicked by neuregulin 1 but not EGF. Microarray analysis of cardiac cells treated with myoblast versus cardiac fibroblast-derived mediators revealed differential regulation of genes associated with antioxidative effects: @entity3959 -y-lyase (cst), @entity3624 oxidase, and thioredoxin-interacting protein as well as @entity69777 ( @entity69777 ). Cardiac cell pretreatment with @entity2425 , an inducer of @entity69777 , also protected them against @entity5568 -induced cell death. Epicardial transplantation of myoblast sheets in a @entity35 model of @entity583 was used to evaluate the expression of CST and @entity69777 as markers of myoblasts' paracrine effect in vivo. Myoblast sheets induced expression of the CST as well as @entity69777 in infarcted @entity1562 . CST localized around blood vessels, suggesting smooth muscle cell localization. Our results provide a deeper molecular insight into the therapeutic mechanisms of myoblast-derived paracrine signaling in cardiac cells and suggest that myoblast transplantation therapy may prevent oxidative stress-induced @entity299 and progression of @entity712 .

The Paracrine Effect of Skeletal Myoblasts Is Cardioprotective Against Oxidative Stress and Involves XXXX -ErbB4 Signaling, Cystathionase, and the Unfolded Protein Response.

@entity5568 :: ('D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['H2O2'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure'] @entity69777 :: ('246273(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['tribbles homolog 3', 'trib3'] @entity10816 :: ('24329(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor'] @entity36301 :: ('24553(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['c-Met'] @entity3959 :: ('MESH:D003540', 'Chemical') :: ['cystathionine'] @entity3624 :: ('MESH:D019820', 'Chemical') :: ['xanthine'] @entity2425 :: ('MESH:D014415', 'Chemical') :: ['tunicamycin'] @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardium'] @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac deterioration'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac cell death']
@entity10816 :: (24329(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['EGFR']
