OBJECTIVE: To compare cytokine expression profiles of decidua basalis (containing trophoblast cells) and decidua parietalis (without trophoblast cells) for determination of microenvironments in @entity1 first trimester decidua. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: School of Medicine, RWTH University of Aachen, Aachen Germany, and Bourgognekliniek Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. @entity1 (S): Forty-six @entity1 who had undergone elective first-trimester termination of viable pregnancy at 5 to 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Quantitative cytokine protein analysis in decidual tissues by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, qualitative cytokine messenger (m)RNA analysis in isolated decidual cell samples, and comparative mRNA and protein analysis in tissues of decidua basalis compared with decidua parietalis. RESULT(S): @entity1199 , @entity379 ( @entity1198 ), @entity3646 (Th-2), and @entity1356 proteins are expressed in the @entity1 first-trimester decidua. @entity1199 , @entity379 , and @entity3646 mRNA mainly derive from the decidual tissue leukocytes. @entity1356 mRNA is expressed by all decidual cell types. @entity379 mRNA and protein is detected predominantly in the decidua basalis, which contains trophoblast cells. CONCLUSION(S): Microenvironments are established topographically by different expression of cytokines in decidua basalis and decidua parietalis. These locally specific patterns are indicative of fetomaternal cross-talk. Higher @entity379 concentrations in decidua basalis may influence leukocyte differentiation (e.g., macrophage activation) and trophoblast invasion (e.g., by induction of expression of major histocompatibility complex).

Cytokine microenvironments in XXXX first trimester decidua are dependent on trophoblast cells.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'PATIENT'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['Interleukin-1beta', 'interleukin-1beta'] @entity1198 :: ('51497', 'Gene') :: ['Th-1'] @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['Interferon-gamma', 'interferon-gamma'] @entity1199 :: ('3558', 'Gene') :: ['Interleukin-2'] @entity3646 :: ('3565', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-4']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
