INTRODUCTION: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision, has become the standard of care for @entity1 with clinical stages II and III @entity5 . @entity1 with pathologic complete response (pCR) to preoperative CRT have been reported to have better outcomes than those without pCR. However, the factors that predict the response to neoadjuvant CRT have not been well defined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of clinical parameters on the development of pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for @entity5 . METHODS: A total of 323 consecutive @entity1 from a single institution who had clinical stage II or III @entity5 and underwent a long-course neoadjuvant CRT, followed by curative surgery, between 2005 and 2013 were included. @entity1 were divided into two groups according to their responses to neoadjuvant therapy: the pCR and non-pCR groups. The clinical parameters were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses, with pCR as the dependent variable. RESULTS: Of the 323 @entity1 , 75 (23.2%) achieved pCR. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, body mass index, @entity5 stage, @entity5 location, @entity5 differentiation, radiation dose, and chemotherapy regimen. On multivariate analysis, a pretreatment @entity787 ( @entity787 ) level of  <=5  ng/mL [odds ratio (OR)  =  2.170, 95% confidence interval (CI)  =  1.195-3.939, P  =  0.011] and an interval of >7  weeks between the completion of chemoradiation and surgical resection (OR  =  2.588, 95% CI  =  1.484-4.512, P  =  0.001) were significantly associated with an increased rate of pCR. CONCLUSIONS: The pretreatment @entity787 level and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy-surgery interval were independent clinical predictors for achieving pCR. These results may help clinicians predict the prognosis of @entity1 and develop adaptive treatment strategies.

Clinical parameters predicting pathologic complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer'] @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['CEA', 'carcinoembryonic antigen']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']
