Repeated weak electrical stimulations of @entity95 carotid artery walls with implanted electrodes cause intimal proliferations of @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) and lead to fibromuscular plaques beneath the anode. If the animals receive a @entity165 -enriched diet the plaques become typical @entity1856 . The endothelial lining is maintained. The procedure for the production of an @entity1856 with 11 +/- 4 layers of @entity3960 lasts 4 weeks. Addition of the @entity460 antagonist @entity4271 to the food during the stimulation periods inhibits the growth of the plaque. The inhibition is dose-dependent. Whether the drug inhibits atherogenesis by direct action on @entity3960 or via an effect on permeation of macromolecules through the endothelium has been studied by measurement of (1) peroxidase (MW 40,000 dalton) permeability through the stimulated endothelium of the artery and (2) the inhibitory effects of @entity4271 on cultures of arterial @entity3960 . Endothelial permeability increases for some hours after stimulation mainly beneath the anode. @entity4271 inhibits the permeation of peroxidase through the endothelial lining for the most part by its action on intercellular transport. The drug also inhibits the growth of @entity3960 in mass cultures and clone cultures. The inhibition of proliferation is not specific for @entity3960 . Skin fibroblasts obtained from the same animals as the artery @entity3960 are also inhibited in mass cultures and clone cultures. From the results it can be concluded that @entity4271 exerts its inhibitory action not only by its effect on the permeation through the endothelial lining but by a combined action on permeability and proliferation of cells in the artery wall.

Inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation and endothelial permeability with @entity4271 in vitro and in experimental XXXX .

@entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit'] @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['smooth muscle cells', 'SMC'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['atheroma', 'atheromas'] @entity4271 :: ('MESH:D005444', 'Chemical') :: ['Flunarizine'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']
@entity1856 :: (MESH:D058226,Disease) :: ['atheromas']
