SCOPE: @entity44426 ( @entity10000 ) is a major citrus @entity3096 with various health benefits. Herein, we investigated the @entity694 chemopreventive effects of @entity10000 and its colonic metabolites in a @entity1960 -associated @entity694 @entity19 model as well as in @entity1 @entity694 cell models. METHODS AND RESULTS: In @entity2985 /dextran sulfate @entity1372 treated @entity19 , oral administration of @entity10000 effectively decreased both incidence and multiplicity of @entity694 . @entity10000 showed significant antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects in the @entity19 colon. HPLC analysis revealed that oral administration of @entity10000 resulted in high levels of metabolites, i.e. @entity68387 (M1), @entity68388 (M2), and @entity68389 (M3) in the @entity694 . In contrast, the colonic level of @entity10000 was about 20-fold lower than the total colonic level of three metabolites. Cell culture studies demonstrated that the colonic metabolites of @entity10000 significantly inhibited the growth of @entity1 @entity694 cells, caused cell-cycle arrest, induced apoptosis, and profoundly modulated signaling proteins related with cell proliferation and cell death. All of these effects were much stronger than those produced by @entity10000 alone. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that oral administration of @entity10000 significantly inhibited @entity1960 -associated @entity694 in @entity19 , and this chemopreventive effect was strongly associated with its colonic metabolites.

Chemopreventive effects of XXXX and its colonic metabolites on @entity694 .

@entity10000 :: ('CHEBI:9505', 'Chemical') :: ['NBT'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human'] @entity44426 :: ('MESH:C008661', 'Chemical') :: ['Nobiletin'] @entity68388 :: ('MESH:C515881', 'Chemical') :: ["4'-demethylnobiletin"] @entity68387 :: ('MESH:C515880', 'Chemical') :: ["3'-demethylnobiletin"] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse'] @entity2985 :: ('MESH:D001397', 'Chemical') :: ['azoxymethane'] @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinogenesis', 'colonic mucosa', 'colon cancer', 'colonic tumors'] @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium'] @entity68389 :: ('MESH:C534647', 'Chemical') :: ["3',4'-didemethylnobiletin"] @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['colitis'] @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']
@entity44426 :: (MESH:C008661,Chemical) :: ['nobiletin']
