INTRODUCTION: Nonadherence to oral antihyperglycemic agents (OHAs) leads to an increase in use of health care resources and overall expenditures due to @entity164 2 @entity6 and its complications. @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 are almost twice as likely to have @entity148 and @entity308 as the general population. Our aim was to examine health care costs associated with adherence to OHAs and the effect of @entity308 and @entity148 on these in older adults with @entity164 2 @entity6 . METHODS: We used data from a representative sample (N = 2,811) of community-dwelling adults in Quebec aged 65 years or older who participated in the   tude sur la Sant   des A  n  s survey. The final sample consisted of 301 @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity164 2 @entity6 and who were taking OHAs. Total health care costs were calculated as the sum of the costs of hospitalizations and outpatient clinic services. Adherence to OHAs was measured using the medication possession ratio. @entity308 and @entity148 were assessed using criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , 4th Edition. We also analyzed data by the Charlson Comorbidity Index, age, sex, education, and marital status, using generalized linear models. RESULTS: Nonadherence among @entity1 without @entity308 or @entity148 was associated with higher total health care costs ( 4,477; 95% confidence interval [CI],  3,754- 5,201; P < .001), as was nonadherence among @entity1 with @entity308 or @entity148 ( 11,124; 95% CI,  9,685- 12,562; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Improving adherence to OHAs among @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 , particularly those with underlying @entity146 such as @entity308 or @entity148 , can decrease health care costs.

Adherence to Oral Antihyperglycemic Agents Among Older Adults With XXXX and Its Effect on Health Care Costs, Quebec, Canada, 2005-2008.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people', 'People'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders', 'Mental Disorders'] @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'anxiety disorders'] @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['type']
@entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Mental Disorders']
