OBJECTIVES: Sepsis is the main cause of @entity204 in the intensive care unit. New preventive measures for @entity580 have been researched, such as pre, pro and symbiotic usage, due to its immunoregulatory properties. The objective was to evaluate the effect of administration of pre, pro and symbiotic on gastrointestinal and inferior airway colonization and on @entity580 , particularly ventilator-associated @entity55 . METHODS: @entity1 who were admitted to the intensive care unit at Hospital Universit  rio Clementino Fraga Filho between November 2004 and September 2006 and mechanically ventilated were randomized in one of four groups: control (n = 16), prebiotic (n = 10), probiotic (n = 12) or symbiotic (n = 11). Treatment was administered for fourteen days. Outcomes measured were: a) Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and @entity825 ; b) incidence of @entity580 , particularly ventilator associated @entity55 ; c) duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit, duration of hospitalization, mortality rates, and d) development of @entity881 . RESULTS: Forty-nine @entity1 were evaluated. intensive care unit's mortality was 34% and in-hospital mortality was 53%, APACHE II median was 20 (13 -25). The groups were matched at admission. There was no difference between the groups in relation to the incidence of ventilator associated @entity55 or @entity580 . There was a non-significant increase in the proportion of enterobacteria in the @entity825 at the seventh day in the pre and probiotic groups compared to control. There was a non-significant decrease in the number of bacteria found in the stomach in the pre, pro and symbiotic group at day 7. No significant difference, in regards to the remaining measured parameters, could be found. CONCLUSIONS: Probiotic therapy was not efficient in the prevention of @entity580 but there was a tendency to reduction in tracheal colonization by non-fermenting bacteria.

Enteral nutritional therapy with pre, pro and symbiotic and gastrointestinal tract and inferior airway colonization in mechanically ventilated XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity825 :: ('MESH:D055090', 'Disease') :: ['trachea'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['organ dysfunction'] @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infection', 'nosocomial infections'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
