OBJECTIVE: To estimate the annual risk of @entity281 with tubercle bacilli in the northern zone of India. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional tuberculin survey was conducted among @entity1 aged 1-9 years who lived in a sample of villages and urban blocks of six selected districts in a defined north zone of India. A two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select rural and urban clusters. A total of 48 624 @entity1 in 598 clusters were subjected to tuberculin testing with one tuberculin unit (1 TU) of PPD RT23 stabilized with @entity9266 . The maximum transverse diameter of induration was measured about 72 hours after the test. FINDINGS: Among the 48 624 test-read @entity1 , 22 064 (45.4%) had a bacille Calmette-Gu rin (BCG) scar. On the basis of the frequency distribution of tuberculin reaction size among 25 816 @entity1 without a BCG scar, the prevalence of @entity281 with tubercle bacilli was estimated as 10.3%. The annual risk of @entity281 was computed as 1.9%. The proportion of infected @entity1 was significantly higher in urban than rural areas. CONCLUSION: The high rate of @entity281 in the north zone of India suggests the need for further intensification of @entity378 control efforts on a sustained and long-term basis.

Annual risk of XXXX in the northern zone of India.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous infection', 'infection'] @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis'] @entity9266 :: ('MESH:D011136', 'Chemical') :: ['Tween 80']
@entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['tuberculous infection']
