UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE @entity548 ( @entity548 ) is a common complication of premature neonates with small birth weight, which often leads to @entity1276 and treatment with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting procedures. Trapped fourth ventricle (TFV) can be a devastating consequence of the subsequent occlusion of the cerebral aqueduct and foramina of Luschka and Magendie. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed 8 consecutive cases involving pediatric @entity1 with TFV following VP shunting for @entity548 due to prematurity between 2003 and 2012. The @entity1 ranged in gestational age from 23.0 to 32.0 weeks, with an average age at first shunting procedure of 6.1 weeks (range 3.1-12.7 weeks). Three @entity1 were managed with surgery. @entity1 received long-term radiographic (mean 7.1 years; range 3.4-12.2 years) and clinical (mean 7.8 years; range 4.6-12.2 years) follow-up. RESULTS The frequency of TFV following VP shunting for neonatal posthemorrhagic @entity1276 was found to be 15.4%. Three (37.5%) @entity1 presented with symptoms of posterior fossa compression and were treated surgically. All of these @entity1 showed signs of radiographic improvement with stable or improved clinical examinations during postoperative follow-up. Of the 5 @entity1 treated conservatively, 80% experienced stable ventricular size and 1 @entity1 experienced a slight increase (3 mm) on imaging. All of the nonsurgical @entity1 showed stable to improved clinical examinations over the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of TFV among @entity548 @entity1 is relatively high. Most @entity1 with TFV are asymptomatic at presentation and can be managed without surgery. Symptomatic @entity1 may be treated surgically for decompression of the fourth ventricle.

Frequency and long-term follow-up of trapped fourth ventricle following neonatal posthemorrhagic XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Intraventricular hemorrhage', 'IVH', 'premature IVH']
@entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']
