PURPOSE: To distinguish a @entity3 from a second @entity5 in @entity1 with a history of @entity213 and subsequent @entity957 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: For 44 @entity1 with a @entity957 of the @entity135 followed by a @entity957 of the lung, clinical data, histology, and analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) were used to differentiate @entity3 from second @entity5 . RESULTS: Clinical evaluation suggested 38 @entity1 with @entity3 and 6 with second primaries. We developed a novel interpretation strategy based on biological insight and on our observation that multiple LOH on different chromosome arms are not independent. LOH analysis indicated @entity3 in 19 cases and second @entity957 in 24 cases. In one case, LOH analysis was inconclusive. For 25 @entity1 , LOH supported the clinical scoring, and in 18 cases, it did not. These 18 discordant cases were all considered to be second @entity5 by LOH analysis. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable number of @entity358 (50% in this study), clinically interpreted as @entity3 , are suggested to be second primaries by LOH analysis. For these @entity1 , a surgical approach with curative intent may be justified.

XXXX following @entity213 : @entity3 or second primary?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumors', 'primary tumor'] @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'primary squamous cell carcinoma', 'pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell lung lesions'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'metastatic disease'] @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']
@entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma']
