BACKGROUND: @entity3964 resistance to @entity503 (CQ) denied healthcare providers access to a cheap and effective anti-malarial drug. Resistance has been proven to be due to point mutations on the parasite's pfcrt gene, particularly on codon 76, resulting in an @entity3689 change from @entity376 to @entity1889 . This study sought to determine the prevalence of the pfcrt @entity19306 mutation 13  years after CQ cessation in Msambweni, Kenya. METHODS: Finger-prick whole blood was collected on 3MM Whatman(  ) filter paper from 99 falciparum @entity311 @entity1 . Parasite DNA was extracted via the Chelex method from individual blood spots and used as template in nested PCR amplification of pfcrt. Apo1 restriction enzyme was used to digest the amplified DNA to identify the samples as wild type or sensitive at codon 76. Prevalence figures of the mutant pfcrt 76T gene were calculated by dividing the number of samples bearing the mutant gene with the total number of samples multiplied by 100  %. Chi square tests were used to test the significance of the findings against previous prevalence figures. RESULTS: Out of 99 clinical samples collected in 2013, prevalence of the mutant pfcrt 76T gene stood at 41  %. CONCLUSION: The results indicate a significant [  (2) test, P   <=  0.05 (2006 vs 2013)] reversal to sensitivity by the @entity3964 population in the study site compared to the situation reported in 2006 at the same study site. This could primarily be driven by diminished use of CQ in the study area in line with the official policy. Studies to establish prevalence of the pfcrt 76T gene could be expanded countrywide to establish the CQ sensitivity status and predict a date when CQ may be re-introduced as part of @entity311 chemotherapy.

@entity503 sensitivity: diminished prevalence of @entity503 -resistant gene marker pfcrt-76 13  years after cessation of XXXX use in Msambweni, Kenya.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity19306 :: ('p|SUB|K|76|T', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['K76T'] @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine'] @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum', 'Plasmodium falciparum'] @entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['malaria'] @entity1889 :: ('CHEBI:26986', 'Chemical') :: ['threonine'] @entity3689 :: ('D000596', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid'] @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']
@entity503 :: (MESH:D002738,Chemical) :: ['chloroquine']
