AIM AND OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate the effect of @entity546 vs caudal epidural on the quality of @entity1337 and surgical outcome following @entity2650 repair. BACKGROUND:     Intraoperative penile engorgement because of caudal epidural may result in tension on surgical sutures and alter surgical outcome. METHODS:     Fifty-four ASA I and II @entity1 were randomly allocated to group P ( @entity546 , 0.25% @entity1341 , 0.5   mg  kg(-1) ; n   =   27) and group C (caudal epidural, 0.25% @entity1341 , 0.5   ml  kg(-1) ; n   =   27), respectively. Quality of @entity1337 was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) score recorded at 0, 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24   h, and once a day for the next 4   days. Duration of @entity1337 was calculated from the institution of block to the first analgesic demand by @entity1 or VAS   >   5. Total @entity1286 consumption in the first 48   h and oral @entity1443 consumption till 5th day were recorded. @entity1 were regularly followed up in their respective outpatient clinic for early or late complications. RESULTS:     In group P, lower mean VAS scores were seen from 0.5   h after surgery till day 3 and @entity1337 lasted for significantly longer duration (82   min) when compared with caudal epidural, P   <   0.001. Incidence of @entity292 formation after @entity2650 repair was 19.2%, and all had received caudal epidural. An increase of 27% in penile volume from baseline value was observed 10   min after caudal epidural placement, P   <   0.05. CONCLUSION:     @entity546 provided better @entity1337 when compared with caudal epidural in @entity1 undergoing @entity2650 repair. Postoperative @entity292 formation was more likely in @entity1 who received caudal epidural.

Surgical outcome in @entity1 undergoing XXXX repair under caudal epidural vs @entity546 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'child'] @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['primary hypospadias', 'hypospadias'] @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia'] @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine'] @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['urethral fistula'] @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine'] @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol'] @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['Penile block', 'penile block']
@entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['hypospadias']
