Optimal treatment for @entity978 during childhood is unknown. We report the treatment outcome of @entity1 with @entity978 <13 years of age seen at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) between 1980 and 1996. A retrospective review of the medical records of 24 @entity1 treated for @entity2033 at AUBMC was performed. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy alone (n = 15) or chemotherapy plus involved field radiotherapy (n = 9). Chemotherapy consisted of COPP, ABVD, or alternating cycles of each for a total of 6 to 12 cycles, depending on clinical and radiological response; three @entity1 received MOPP. Five @entity1 in the chemotherapy group had clinical stage (CS) I and II and 10 had @entity5 . In the combined modality group, eight @entity1 had CS I and II and one had @entity5 . At a median follow-up of 5 years, the event-free survival (EFS) for the combined modality group was 100% and the overall survival (OS) 100%. For the chemotherapy alone group, the EFS was 56% and the OS was 79%. Four @entity1 (27%) in the chemotherapy alone group who had Stage IIIB disease relapsed. Mean time to relapse was 4.3 years. In our experience, six cycles of COPP or (COPP plus ABVD) alone were suboptimal for the treatment of @entity978 @entity1 , especially those with involvement of lower abdominal nodes (III2B), extensive @entity358 , or mixed cellularity histology. Radiation therapy or additional chemotherapy courses are required for these @entity1 .

Treatment of XXXX with chemotherapy alone or combined modality therapy.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['CS IV disease', 'CS III disease'] @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ['HD'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease'] @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease", "Stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease"]
@entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['pediatric Hodgkin's disease']
