BACKGROUND: @entity21693 ( @entity21693 ) cardioplegia, a @entity460 -free, @entity6564 solution containing @entity3303 and @entity1760 has been developed to help reduce intracellular @entity460 influx and the resulting myocyte damage in the immediate postischemic period following @entity1167 . @entity21693 has been used for pediatric cardiac surgery but its use in complex reoperative surgery has not been studied. We specifically report the outcomes of @entity1 undergoing reoperative cardiac surgery after previous coronary artery bypass grafting with a patent internal mammary artery (IMA). METHODS: @entity1 undergoing reoperative cardiac surgery with prior coronary bypass grafting surgery were studied between 2010 and 2013. Fourteen @entity1 were identified who required continued retrograde cardioplegia administration. In all cases, an initial antegrade dose was given, followed by continuous retrograde administration. Demographics, co-morbidities, intra-operative variables including cardioplegia volumes, post-operative complications, and @entity1 outcomes were collected. RESULTS: The mean age of all @entity1 was 73.3+/-6.7  years, and 93  % were male. Aortic cross clamp time and cardiopulmonary bypass times were 81+/-35 and 151+/-79 mins, respectively. Antegrade, retrograde and total cardioplegia doses were 1101+/-398, 3096+/-3185 and 4367+/-3751  ml, respectively. An average of 0.93+/-0.92 inotropes and 1.50+/-0.76 pressors were used on ICU admission after surgery. ICU and total hospital lengths of stay were 5.5+/-7.4 and 9.6+/-8.0  days, respectively. Complications occurred in two @entity1 (14  %) ( @entity55 and prolonged mechanical ventilation) and new @entity943 occurred in five @entity1 (36  %) (four new-onset @entity955 and one pulseless electrical activity requiring 2  min of chest compression). No perioperative @entity583 were noted based on electrocardiograms and cardiac serum markers. Postoperatively, left ventricular function was preserved in all @entity1 whereas two @entity1 (14  %) had mild decrease in right ventricular function as assessed by echocardiography. No mortality was observed. CONCLUSION: @entity21693 cardioplegia solution provides acceptable myocardial protection for cardiac surgery that requires continuous retrograde cardioplegia administration. @entity21693 's administration in a continuous retrograde fashion with a patent IMA is believed to provide adequate myocardial protection while avoiding injuring the IMA through dissection and clamping.

Feasibility and safety of continuous retrograde administration of XXXX cardioplegia: a case series.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity21693 :: ('MESH:D054877', 'Disease') :: ['DN', 'DN cardioplegia', 'Del Nido'] @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarctions'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia'] @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest'] @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation'] @entity6564 :: ('MESH:D020513', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemic'] @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias'] @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']
@entity21693 :: (MESH:D054877,Disease) :: ['Del Nido']
