BACKGROUND: Small size at birth may be associated with @entity73 later in life. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of being born small for gestational age (SGA), with or without @entity1592 ( @entity1592 ) on cognitive ability in late adolescence. STUDY DESIGN: A follow-up study of a former cohort included 123 @entity1 (52 males); 47 born SGA and 76 born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Fetal growth velocity (FGV) was determined by serial ultrasound measurements during the third trimester. A control group matched for age and birthplace was included. The original Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was administered, and verbal, performance and full-scale Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores were calculated. RESULTS: There was no difference in IQ between adolescents born SGA and AGA. FGV or @entity1592 during the third trimester did not influence cognitive ability in late adolescence. Full-scale IQ was positively related to @entity135 ( @entity135 ) in adolescence (B: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.32-2.28, p=0.01). @entity135 at birth and three months was positively associated with full-scale IQ. Catch-up growth in the group of SGA @entity1 was associated with a significantly increased height, larger @entity135 , increased levels of @entity442 ( @entity442 ) and increased full-scale IQ compared to those born SGA without catch-up growth. CONCLUSION: SGA and @entity1592 may not be harmful for adult cognitive ability, at least not in individuals born at near-term. However, known risk factors of impaired fetal growth may explain the link between early growth and cognitive ability in adulthood.

Cognitive ability in adolescents born small for gestational age: Associations with fetal growth velocity, XXXX and postnatal growth.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children'] @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head circumference', 'HC'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognitive ability'] @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor-I', 'IGF-I'] @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['IUGR', 'intrauterine growth restriction']
@entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head circumference']
