UNASSIGNED: Extramedullary @entity1582 (EMM) is defined by the presence of plasma cells outside the bone marrow in a @entity1 with @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). Using sensitive imaging techniques including MRI and PET-CT, EMM may be found in up to 30% of @entity1582 @entity1 across the overall disease course. The molecular mechanisms underlying the hematogenous spread of plasma cells outside the bone marrow are only partially known, and involve @entity519 and an altered expression of adhesion molecules. Extramedullary disease is associated with adverse prognostic factors (i.e. high @entity880 dehydrogenase level, 17p deletion, high-risk gene expression profile). The prognosis of EMM is poor and the median overall survival of @entity1 who experience an extramedullary relapse is less than 6 months. The adverse prognosis is less pronounced in @entity1 with bone-related @entity6872 than in those with hematogeneous EMM. EMM @entity1 should be considered as having high-risk @entity1582 and treated accordingly. However, EMM clinical situations are extraordinarily heterogeneous and their management is particularly challenging. In the present review, a case-and-comment format is used to describe our approach to the management of EMM.

How I treat extramedullary XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity6872 :: ('MESH:D010954', 'Disease') :: ['plasmacytomas'] @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma', 'MM'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia'] @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']
@entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['myeloma']
