UNASSIGNED: @entity8 in idiopathic @entity5442 is not as uncommon as was previously thought, as it develops in about one fifth of @entity1 . Clinical presentation includes either @entity810 or chronic @entity631 . The former usually develops abruptly during acute phases of @entity5925 : in this case, @entity8 is caused by the toxic effects that @entity9958 has on the kidney tubules, including cast formation and @entity68 -induced oxidative stress and the development of a third space into the injured muscles. The latter instead has an autoimmune nature, a pleomorphic histological picture, and a more indolent course, with the exception of crescentic @entity631 . Accurate diagnosis and management is crucial for these @entity1 , as timely evaluation and treatment can prevent most of the complications. In the setting of @entity5925 -induced @entity810 , the necessity of dialysis can be avoided through aggressive hydration and alkalinization, in order to force diuresis and avoid @entity520 and @entity4144 . In immune-mediated @entity631 , renal biopsy is of undoubtedly value in the diagnostic process and can add prognostic and therapeutic information. In these forms, the development of @entity740 can be prevented or at least delayed by the institution or modification of immunosuppressive treatment. Moreover, the use of drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin- @entity1369 system and some lifestyle modifications, such as smoking cessation, weight loss, and salt restriction have also value in reducing @entity644 and the progression of @entity8 . In this review, we have summarized the currently available evidence and the different case series in an attempt to provide the readers with the most complete and practical notions that are needed to handle these delicate @entity1 .

@entity8 in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal involvement', 'kidney injury', 'kidney damage'] @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['aldosterone'] @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory myopathies'] @entity4144 :: ('MESH:D006947', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemia'] @entity9958 :: ('MESH:D009212', 'Disease') :: ['myoglobinuria'] @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease'] @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyolysis'] @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['acidosis'] @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury'] @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis'] @entity68 :: ('MESH:D007501', 'Chemical') :: ['iron']
@entity5442 :: (MESH:D009220,Disease) :: ['Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies']
