OBJECTIVE: The association between @entity1010 and permanent @entity71 in @entity15 and the temporal relation between @entity194 and the clinical disease course have seldom been investigated. This study aims to determine the amount of infratentorial and supratentorial @entity194 in @entity1 by comparison with healthy controls, to establish the relation between @entity194 and disability, and to derive the rates of @entity393 in individual @entity1 from their estimated disease durations. METHODS: Three dimensional acquired MRI was performed on 20 relapsing-remitting and 20 secondary progressive @entity15 @entity1 and 10 control subjects. Volume data on infratentorial and supratentorial structures were obtained using the Cavalieri method of modern design stereology in combination with point counting. Corpus callosal sectional area and @entity6402 lesion load" were also determined. RESULTS: Significantly reduced infratentorial and cerebral white matter volumes and corpus callosal sectional areas occurred in all @entity1 compared with controls (p=0.0001-0.004). Mean estimates of @entity393 in the cohort were -21%, -19%, -46%, and -12% for the brain stem, cerebellum, upper cervical cord and white matter, respectively, and -21% for the corpus callosal sectional area. Analysis of the amount of @entity194 (volume differences between @entity1 and controls) showed that upper cervical cord and cerebral white matter @entity194 correlated with the expanded disability status scale (r=-0.37 and -0.37, p=0.018-0.023) and the Scripps neurologic rating scale scores (r=+0.49 and +0.43, p=0.002-0.007). There was no relation between estimated @entity393 in the supratentorial and infratentorial compartments. The @entity6402 lesion load" was associated with ventricular enlargement and corpus callosal @entity194 (r=+0.50 and -0.55, p=0.0003-0.0012). Infratentorial @entity194 rates correlated with baseline exacerbation rates (r=-0.50 to -0.48, p=0.0016-0.0021) and were higher in relapsing-remitting than secondary progressive @entity1 (p=0.009-0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Significant cerebral and spinal cord volume reductions occurred in both @entity1 subgroups compared with controls. Functional correlates were found with estimated @entity393 in the upper cervical cord and cerebral white matter. Particularly for infratentorial structures, estimated rates of @entity194 were higher in relapsing-remitting than secondary progressive @entity1 , suggesting that @entity194 , perhaps mainly due to @entity528 , begins early in @entity15 and may relate predominantly to acute inflammatory events, with or without other gradual non-inflammatory processes later in the disease course.

Three dimensional MRI estimates of brain and spinal cord atrophy in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['functional deficits'] @entity1010 :: ('MESH:C566985', 'Disease') :: ['brain atrophy'] @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy'] @entity6402 :: ('292', 'Gene') :: ['"T2'] @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['volume loss'] @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis'] @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['tract degeneration']
@entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']
