OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of @entity384 ( @entity384 ) vs. @entity384 ( @entity384 ) in establishing the tract for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in @entity1 with calyceal stones or staghorn stones, but with no @entity3041 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Data from selected @entity1 over 4  years were recorded retrospectively. @entity1 with complex staghorn stones, an undilated targeted calyx, or the stone filling the targeted calyx, were included in the study. In all, 97 @entity1 were included, of 235 undergoing PCNL between March 2010 and March 2014, and were divided into two groups according to the technique of primary tract dilatation. Group A included @entity1 who had @entity384 and group B those treated using @entity384 . RESULTS: In group A ( @entity384 , 55 @entity1 ) dilatation was successful in 34 (62%). The dilatation failed or there was a need for re-dilatation using @entity9321 in 21 @entity1 (38%). In one of these 21 @entity1 the dilatation failed due to extravasation. In group B ( @entity9321 , 42 @entity1 ) dilatation was successful in 38 (90%) @entity1 , with @entity384 and a need for re-dilatation in four (10%) @entity1 , and no failed procedures. Group A had a significantly higher failure rate than group B (P  <  0.001). Differences in operative duration, @entity190 , stone-removal success rate and complication rate were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: @entity384 has a higher failure rate than @entity9321 when establishing access for calyceal stones or staghorn stones that have little space around them.

Balloon dilator versus XXXX for tract dilatation during percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn stones and calyceal stones.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS'] @entity9321 :: ('MESH:D049310', 'Disease') :: ['TMD'] @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss'] @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['incomplete dilatation', 'BD', 'balloon dilatation', 'TMDs', 'telescopic metal dilators'] @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']
@entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['telescopic metal dilators']
