@entity356 continues to be an important healthcare problem from a global perspective. Most of the cases in the Western world are diagnosed at late stages when the treatment is largely ineffective. @entity1534 ( @entity1534 ) infection is a well-established carcinogen for @entity356 . While lifestyle factors are important, the efficacy of interventions in their modification, as in the use of antioxidant supplements, is unconvincing. No organized screening programs can be found outside Asia (Japan and South Korea). Although several screening approaches have been proposed, including indirect @entity194 by measuring pepsinogen in the circulation, none of them have so far been implemented, and more study data is required to justify any implementation. Mass eradication of @entity1534 in high-risk areas tends to be cost-effective, but its adverse effects and resistance remain a concern. Searches for new screening biomarkers, including microRNA and @entity5 -autoantibody panels, as well as detection of volatile organic compounds in the breath, are in progress. Endoscopy with a proper biopsy follow-up remains the standard for early detection of @entity5 and related @entity75 . At the same time, new advanced high-resolution endoscopic technologies are showing promising results with respect to diagnosing @entity3137 visually and targeting each biopsy. New histological risk stratifications (classifications), including OLGA and OLGIM, have recently been developed. This review addresses the current means for @entity356 primary and secondary prevention, the available and emerging methods for screening, and new developments in endoscopic detection of early lesions of the stomach.

XXXX : prevention, screening and early diagnosis.

@entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant lesions'] @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy detection'] @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal lesions'] @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori'] @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'Gastric cancer']
@entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric cancer']
