Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for @entity32 /infection ( @entity697 and @entity14784 ), according to severity grade, have not yet been established in the world. Therefore we formulated flowcharts for the management of @entity32 /infection in accordance with severity grade. For mild (grade I) @entity697 , medical treatment may be sufficient/appropriate. For moderate (grade II) @entity697 , early biliary drainage should be performed. For severe (grade III) @entity697 , appropriate organ support such as ventilatory/circulatory management is required. After hemodynamic stabilization is achieved, urgent endoscopic or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage should be performed. For @entity1 with @entity697 of any grade of severity, treatment for the underlying etiology, including endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical treatment should be performed after the @entity1 's general condition has improved. For @entity1 with mild (grade I) @entity2679 , early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred treatment. For @entity1 with moderate (grade II) @entity14784 , early laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy is preferred. In @entity1 with extensive @entity32 , elective cholecystectomy is recommended after initial management with percutaneous @entity1085 . For the @entity1 with severe (grade III) @entity14784 , multiorgan support is a critical part of management. @entity298 due to perforation of the gallbladder is an indication for urgent cholecystectomy and/or drainage. Delayed elective cholecystectomy may be performed after initial treatment with gallbladder drainage and improvement of the @entity1 's general medical condition.

Flowcharts for the diagnosis and treatment of @entity697 and XXXX : Tokyo Guidelines.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['acute biliary inflammation', 'local inflammation'] @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder drainage and/or cholecystostomy'] @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute cholangitis'] @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis'] @entity14784 :: ('MESH:D041881', 'Disease') :: ['acute cholecystitis'] @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['Biliary peritonitis']
@entity2679 :: (MESH:D002764,Disease) :: ['cholecystitis']
