Male @entity35 were dosed orally with @entity23554 at a concentration of 40 mg/kg and adult @entity8072 recovered after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Surface changes to the flukes were monitored by means of SEM. After the 24 h treatment, extensive @entity4 and blebbing of the tegument was observed on both surfaces, although the dorsal anterior region was more severely affected than either the posterior dorsal region or entire ventral surface. At high magnification, microvillus-like projections were evident, giving the surface a roughened appearance. After 48 h, the changes evident at 24 h had become more severe and some tegumental loss had occurred in the oral region of the fluke. Surface disruption was particularly evident along the lateral margins of the fluke in this region. In some specimens a single large @entity4 was present in the dorsal midbody region. The @entity4 was a more typical feature of flukes recovered. After 72 h, tegumental loss was more widespread, occurring over the oral cone and anterior midbody on the dorsal surface. Overall the dorsal surface was consistently more severely affected than the ventral surface, and the anterior region of the fluke was more disrupted than the posterior region. After 24 h in vitro incubation, the oral cone and midbody exhibited considerable spine loss and @entity4 . Overall, the dorsal surface was more disrupted than the ventral surface and the anterior region of the fluke was more disrupted than the posterior region. Regional differences in the response of the fluke to @entity23554 will be compared to previously published data with other fasciolicides. The results indicate that the tegument is an important target for @entity23554 action. Disruption of this, the fluke's main line of defence, would allow the drug access to other internal tissues, leading to more widespread damage.

XXXX : tegumental surface alterations following treatment in vivo and in vitro with @entity23554 (Trodax).

@entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['swelling'] @entity8072 :: ('6192', 'Species') :: ['Fasciola hepatica'] @entity23554 :: ('MESH:D009611', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroxynil']
@entity8072 :: (6192,Species) :: ['Fasciola hepatica']
