UNASSIGNED: @entity11157 ( @entity11157 ) is defined by the presence of primary or secondary @entity2588 , for at least 4 months, before the age of 40 years associated with follicle stimulating homone levels in menopausal range, exciding 40 UI/L. The diagnosis is confirmed by two blood sample at least 1 month to measure the level of FSH (over 40 UI/L) and level of @entity53 (below 50 pmol/L). @entity2670 and/or depletion of functional primordial follicles characterized this pathology. @entity548 patterns also include oligomenrrhea and polimenorrhea; because of these irregular menstrual cycles during adolescence, diagnosis could be difficult in young @entity1 . Excluding the cases in which an etiopathogenetic agent could be identified, such as in case of chemio- and radiotherapy or extensive surgery, @entity1 with @entity792 , the etiology of @entity11157 remains idiopathic. An important genetic component exists, supported by both a frequent recurring familiar event (20-30%) and the association with other different @entity74 in particular the X chromosome defects and the implication of some different genes with significant functions in ovarian development. For most of the @entity1 the diagnosis of @entity11157 is unexpected because of there are no obvious signs or symptoms that precede the cessation of periods with a normal menstrual history, age of menarche and fertility prior to the onset of menopause. The diagnosis of @entity11157 has a deleterious psychological impact on the emotional sphere of the @entity1 affected: anger, @entity308 , @entity148 and sadness are common and the fact that the diagnosis coincides with @entity249 needs a psychological support. Oral hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) administration is not recommended as first choice of treatment because of the higher hormones concentration with respect to the real hormones necessity of the @entity1 and transdermal HRT may be preferred in @entity1 with coagulation disturbances to relief symptoms and to improve to quality of life and the sexuality of these @entity1 until the age of 50 years old which is the median age of physiological menopause. Moreover it should be considered the associate comorbidities of @entity11157 such as @entity604 , @entity65 and @entity4903 .

Genes involved in the pathogenesis of premature XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients'] @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility'] @entity11157 :: ('MESH:D016649', 'Disease') :: ['Premature ovarian insufficiency', 'POI'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['Abnormal bleeding'] @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss'] @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol'] @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety'] @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases and/or infections'] @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic disorders'] @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian follicular dysfunction'] @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease'] @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine disease']
@entity11157 :: (MESH:D016649,Disease) :: ['ovarian insufficiency']
