Age is the main risk factor for sporadic @entity195 . Yet, @entity73 in aged rodents has been less well studied, possibly due to concomitant changes in sensory or locomotor function that can complicate cognitive tests. We tested @entity19 that were 3, 11, and 23 months old in cognitive, sensory, and motor measures, and postmortem measures of @entity5219 and neural activity ( @entity9830 ). Hippocampal synaptic function was also examined. While age-related impairments were detectable in tests of spatial memory, greater age-dependent effects were observed in tests of associative learning [active avoidance (AA)]. Gross visual function was largely normal, but @entity427 responses to acoustic stimuli decreased with increased age, possibly due to @entity393 . Therefore, a novel AA variant in which light alone served as the conditioning stimuli was used. Age-related deficits were again observed. Mild changes in vision, as measured by optokinetic responses, were detected in 19- versus 4-month-old @entity19 , but these were not correlated to AA performance. Thus, deficits in @entity1018 are unlikely to account for the observed @entity73 . Increased @entity5219 was observed in the hippocampal formation at older ages. Age-related changes in neural function and plasticity were observed with decreased @entity9830 in the dentate gyrus, and decreased synaptic strength and paired-pulse facilitation in @entity4778 slices. This work, which carefully outlines age-dependent impairments in cognitive and synaptic function, @entity9830 activity, and @entity5219 during normal aging in the @entity19 , suggests robust translational measures that will facilitate further study of the biology of aging.

@entity73 , Changes in Synaptic Function, and Brain Pathology in a XXXX Model of Normal Aging(1,2,3).

@entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['hearing or vision'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse'] @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in cognitive measures', 'cognitive decline'] @entity5219 :: ('MESH:D005911', 'Disease') :: ['gliosis'] @entity9830 :: ('14281(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['c-Fos'] @entity4778 :: ('12346(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CA1'] @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"] @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing impairments'] @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['startle']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Mouse']
