BACKGROUND: Undescended glands are a rare cause of primary and @entity3528 ( @entity2742 ), but they are more common, however, among @entity1 with recurrent @entity2742 or those who have undergone a failed initial cervical exploration. The currently development of more precise noninvasive imaging techniques has improved the results of preoperative diagnosis of these ectopic lesions. METHODS: The operative reports of @entity1 undergoing parathyroidectomy at our institution were reviewed to identify @entity1 with an undescended parathyroid gland @entity652 . Demographic, clinical, imaging and surgical variables were recorded. RESULTS: Three @entity1 were included: 2/598 parathyroidectomies performed for primary @entity2742 and 1/93 performed for secondary @entity2742 . One case is presented as @entity14318 ( @entity14318 ). All the @entity1 had undergone at least one operation before the definitive focused surgery and represented 6% of our parathyroid reoperations. No significant complications and no recurrences were observed in the long-term follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate preoperative localization of these lesions was possible with noninvasive studies. High cure rate is possible through selective approach when accurate preoperative localization. Thorough knowledge of parathyroid embryology and meticulous surgical technique are essential, particularly in @entity1 with previous unsuccessful explorations.

Undescended parathyroid @entity652 as cause of persistent XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity3528 :: ('MESH:D006962', 'Disease') :: ['secondary hyperparathyroidism'] @entity14318 :: ('MESH:D007573', 'Disease') :: ['jaw tumor syndrome', 'JTS'] @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas'] @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['HPT']
@entity2742 :: (MESH:D006961,Disease) :: ['hyperparathyroidism']
