OBJECTIVES: This study examines changes in the expression of growth factors following thermal ablation (TA) of selected @entity14 ( @entity14 ) liver @entity3 . METHODS: Using @entity19 with established @entity14 liver @entity3 , two @entity5 in each animal were thermally ablated. Liver and @entity5 tissues were collected at various time-points (days 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7) following TA treatment from the ablation site and from sites distant from ablated @entity5 . Changes in growth factor expression (epidermal growth factor [EGF], @entity1611 [ @entity1611 ], @entity851 [ @entity851 ] and transforming growth factor-b[ @entity641 ]) in comparison with baseline levels (non-ablated) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Baseline @entity641 and @entity1611 levels in the @entity409 of @entity5 -bearing @entity19 were significantly higher than levels in naive @entity409 . Levels of @entity1611 and @entity851 decreased after TA treatment in all tissues. Levels of EGF decreased in ablated and distant @entity5 tissues, but displayed a tendency to increase in liver tissue. Levels of @entity641 also decreased during the first 2 days following TA, but later increased in liver and @entity5 tissues distant from the ablation site to a level that reached significance in @entity5 tissue at day 7 (P < 0.001). Decreases in growth factor levels were also observed in animals that underwent laparotomy without TA treatment, which indicates that these decreases were caused by the experimental procedure. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 induces upregulation of @entity641 and @entity1611 in @entity409 . Growth factors decreased after TA, but this appears to be the result of the experimental procedure rather than the TA itself. However, TA resulted in increased levels of @entity641 , which may contribute to @entity5 recurrence.

Changes in growth factor levels after thermal ablation in a XXXX model of @entity14 .

@entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocyte growth factor', 'HGF'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumours', 'tumour'] @entity641 :: ('21803(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b'] @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver parenchyma'] @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases'] @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer'] @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']
@entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']
