OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that early postnatal @entity619 will reduce the incidence of @entity204 or @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) in ventilated @entity600 premature @entity1 . DESIGN: Multicenter randomized double-blinded controlled clinical trial. SETTING: A total of 42 neonatal intensive care units in the Vermont Oxford Network. @entity1 : @entity1 weighing 501 to 1000 g were eligible for enrollment at 12 hours of age if they needed assisted ventilation, had received surfactant replacement therapy, were physiologically stable, had no obvious life-threatening @entity154 , and had blood cultures obtained and antibiotic therapy initiated. INTERVENTION: @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity619 or saline placebo. Intravenous @entity619 was administered for 12 days according to the following dosing schedule: 0.5 mg/kg/d for 3 days, 0.25 mg/kg/d for 3 days, 0.10 mg/kg/d for 3 days, 0.05 mg/kg/d for 3 days. @entity1 in either group could receive treatment with selective late postnatal @entity230 beginning on day 14 of life if they were on assisted ventilation with supplemental @entity26 greater than 30%. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome measure was @entity1030 or @entity204 at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. RESULTS: The study was stopped before completion of sample size goals because of concern about serious side effects in the early @entity134 treatment group. A total of 542 @entity1 were enrolled (early treatment N = 273, control N = 269). The 2 groups had similar demographic characteristics. No differences were noted in the primary outcome of @entity1030 or @entity204 at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (early treatment 50% vs control: 53%, relative risk: 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79-1.09). Fewer @entity1 who received early @entity134 treatment had a patent ductus arteriosus (relative risk: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.63-0.96), and fewer @entity1 in the early @entity134 group received @entity3352 therapy (relative risk: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.64-0.86) or late @entity134 treatment (relative risk: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.58-0.81). However, more @entity1 who received early @entity134 treatment had complications associated with therapy including an increase in @entity4854 (relative risk: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.13-1.46) and an increase in the use of insulin therapy (relative risk: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.36-1.94). A trend toward increased @entity360 (relative risk: 1.55; 95% CI: 0.92-2.61), @entity344 (relative risk: 1.53; 95% CI: 0.89-2.61), and an increased systolic blood pressure (relative risk: 1.34; 95% CI: 0.97-1.85) was noted. In @entity1 receiving cranial ultrasound examinations, a marginal increase in @entity5719 was noted in the early @entity134 treatment group (relative risk: 2.23; 95% CI: 0.99-5.04). @entity1 who received early @entity134 therapy had fewer days in supplemental @entity26 but experienced poor @entity1017 . CONCLUSIONS: A 12-day course of early postnatal @entity134 therapy given to @entity600 @entity1 did not decrease the risk of @entity1030 or @entity204 at 36 weeks postmenstrual age and was associated with an increased risk of complications and poor @entity1017 .

Early postnatal @entity619 therapy for the prevention of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants', 'PARTICIPANTS'] @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly'] @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal hemorrhage'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal perforation'] @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['extremely low birth weight'] @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone'] @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid'] @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain'] @entity5719 :: ('MESH:D007969', 'Disease') :: ['periventricular leukomalacia'] @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease', 'CLD'] @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids'] @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death'] @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']
@entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic lung disease']
