Microglial activation is a polarized process divided into potentially neuroprotective phenotype M2 and @entity2359 phenotype M1, predominant during chronic neuroinflammation. Endocannabinoid system provides an attractive target to control the balance between microglial phenotypes. @entity9393 as an immune modulator in the central nervous system acts via not only cannabinoid receptors ( @entity13677 and @entity10027 ) but also other targets (e.g., @entity69653 / @entity69654 ). We studied the effect of @entity9393 on @entity40675 -induced changes in @entity35 primary microglial cultures. Microglial activation was assessed based on @entity842 (NO) production. Analysis of mRNA was conducted for M1 and M2 phenotype markers possibly affected by the treatment. Our results showed that lipopolysaccharide-induced NO release in microglia was significantly attenuated, with concomitant downregulation of M1 phenotypic markers, after pretreatment with @entity9393 . This effect was not sensitive to @entity13677 or @entity69653 / @entity69654 antagonism. Administration of @entity10027 antagonist partially abolished the effects of @entity9393 on microglia. Interestingly, administration of a @entity69653 / @entity69654 antagonist by itself suppressed NO release. In summary, we showed that the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in the management of neuroinflammation by dampening the activation of an M1 phenotype. This effect was primarily controlled by the @entity10027 , although functional cross talk with @entity69653 / @entity69654 may occur.

@entity9393 , Acting via @entity10027 Receptors, Alleviates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation in XXXX Primary Microglial Cultures.

@entity10027 :: ('57302(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CB2 receptor', 'CB2'] @entity13677 :: ('25248(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['CB1'] @entity9393 :: ('MESH:C078814', 'Chemical') :: ['anandamide', 'Anandamide'] @entity40675 :: ('D008070', 'Chemical') :: ['lipopolysaccharide'] @entity69653 :: ('679957(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GPR18'] @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat'] @entity69654 :: ('501177(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['GPR55'] @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxic']
@entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rat']
