To compare morphological changes in the umbilical cords from chronic @entity101 and preeclamptic @entity1 having normal or pathological umbilical artery Doppler ultrasonographic results. Umbilical cords from 34 normotensive, 31 chronic @entity101 and 70 preeclamptic @entity1 with normal and abnormal Doppler flow velocity waveforms (FVW) at 35-40 gestational weeks were studied. Morphological changes in the umbilical cords were examined on @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded sections. The total umbilical cord area, total vessel area, and wall thickness of umbilical vessels were measured in systematic random samples using unbiased stereology methods. An ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis. In the chronic @entity101 and preeclamptic groups with normal Doppler FVW, the thickness of the umbilical cord vessels remained nearly constant, whereas both the total area and the lumen area were reduced. These changes correlate with the histopathological findings, suggesting a mainly vasoconstrictive effect. By contrast, analysis of the preeclamptic group with pathologic Doppler FVW showed a comparable reduction of all parameters of the umbilical cord. Histopathological findings were related to smaller, contracted smooth muscle cells of the vessel wall, which is suggestive of a predominant hypoplastic mechanism. As a result of reduced uteroplacental perfusion, fetal @entity519 and @entity1592 become unavoidable in preeclampsia. The histopathological changes in the umbilical cord between the chronic @entity101 and preeclamptic @entity1 depend on the Doppler results. In conclusion, the umbilical artery Doppler FVW indices provide good values for predicting @entity1592 in preeclamptic @entity1 .

Comparative morphological differences between umbilical cords from chronic XXXX and preeclamptic pregnancies.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive'] @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin'] @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine growth retardation'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxia'] @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']
@entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']
