BACKGROUND: Recent outbreaks of @entity3328 caused by vaccine-derived virus have raised concerns that vaccine-derived @entity9925 may continue to circulate after eradication. In these outbreaks, the virus appears to have replicated for > or =2 years before detection. Early detection is critical for an effective response to these outbreaks. Although @entity912 ( @entity912 ) surveillance will remain the standard for @entity9925 detection, wastewater sampling could be a useful supplement. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity of wastewater sampling by concurrently collecting stools from @entity1 aged < 3 years attending two neighbourhood clinics in Havana, Cuba, and wastewater from the same neighbourhoods. METHODS: Sample collection was begun during the third week after the national immunization campaign, continued weekly through the seventh week, and was repeated during weeks 15 and 19. Virus detection and titration were performed using both cell culture and polymerase chain reaction techniques. RESULTS: Wastewater sampling was found to be at least as sensitive as stool sampling under these conditions. @entity9925 was isolated from @entity1 through week 7, suggesting that @entity1800 reached undetectable levels between weeks 8 and 14. The last virus-positive wastewater sample was collected during week 15. CONCLUSIONS: Wastewater sampling under the conditions studied can be a sensitive supplement to @entity912 surveillance. Similar studies under different conditions are needed to determine the role of wastewater sampling in post-eradication surveillance.

XXXX detection in wastewater and stools following an immunization campaign in Havana, Cuba.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children'] @entity3328 :: ('MESH:D011051', 'Disease') :: ['poliomyelitis'] @entity9925 :: ('138950', 'Species') :: ['Poliovirus', 'poliovirus'] @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral shedding'] @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['AFP', 'acute flaccid paralysis']
@entity9925 :: (138950,Species) :: ['Poliovirus']
