UNASSIGNED: Infection with Aphanomyces invadans, also known as @entity1066 , is a destructive disease of freshwater and brackishwater fishes. Although more than 130 species of fish have been confirmed to be susceptible to this disease, some of the commercially important fish species like @entity7136 , milk fish and tilapia are reported to be resistant. Species that are naturally resistant to a particular disease, provide a potential model to study the mechanisms of resistance against that disease. In the present study, following experimental @entity281 with A. invadans in @entity7136 @entity7136 , sequential changes in various innate immune parameters and histopathological alterations were monitored. Some of the studied innate immunity parameters viz. respiratory burst, alternative complement and total antiproteases activities of the infected @entity7136 were higher compared to control fish, particularly at early stages of @entity281 . On the other hand, some parameters such as myeloperoxidase, lysozyme and alpha-2 macroglobulin activities were not altered. Histopathological examination of the muscle at the site of injection revealed well developed @entity738 at 12 days post @entity281 , with subsequent regeneration of muscle fibers. From the results, it could be inferred that innate defense mechanisms of @entity7136 are able to neutralize the virulence factors secreted by A. invadans, thereby, preventing its invasive spread and containing the @entity281 . The results obtained here will help to better understand the mechanisms underlying resistance against A. @entity281 .

Innate immune response against an oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces invadans in @entity7136 ( XXXX ), a fish resistant to @entity1066 .

@entity7136 :: ('7962', 'Species') :: ['common carp', 'Cyprinus carpio'] @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['epizootic ulcerative syndrome'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'invadans infection'] @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']
@entity7136 :: (7962,Species) :: ['Cyprinus carpio']
