OBJECTIVE: To describe bilateral superselective prostatic arteries embolization (PAE) as a minimally invasive alternative treatment option in @entity1 with refractory @entity811 of prostatic origin (RHPO) secondary to iatrogenic urological trauma MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three @entity1 presented with RHPO. The etiologies were transurethral resection of prostate surgery, foley catheter removal with a supratherapeutic INR and self-traumatic foley removal respectively. Step wise management with conservative and medical methods failed to control @entity548 . Under local anesthesia and moderate sedation, bilateral PAE's were performed via a right common femoral artery access. An embolic mixture containing 300-500 um Embosphere   Microspheres (Biosphere Medical, Rockland, MA, USA) was injected under fluoroscopic guidance until stasis was achieved. Success was measured by cessation of @entity811 clinically. RESULTS: PAE using the described technique was a technical and clinical success in all three @entity1 . @entity811 resolved within a period of 24 hours. There were no intra or periprocedural complications. In addition there was reduction in prostate volume reduction and alleviation of the obstructive symptoms in 2 @entity1 who presented initially in urinary retention. CONCLUSION: Incidence of RHPO with an iatrogenic etiology is extremely rare. When conservative methods fail to control @entity548 , more invasive surgical methods are needed. Being minimally invasive and performed under local anesthesia, PAE offers a reasonable option in treatment of RHPO, regardless of the cause. An added advantage of the superselective and distal embolization with microspheres, is the prostatic parenchymal @entity63 leading to significant prostate volume reduction and alleviation of the obstructive symptoms.

Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE) in the Management of Refractory XXXX of Prostatic Origin Secondary to Iatrogenic Urological Trauma: a Safe and Effective Technique.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria', 'Hematuria'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding'] @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']
@entity811 :: (MESH:D006417,Disease) :: ['Hematuria']
