OBJECTIVES: Anticyclic citrullinated protein antibodies ( @entity7134 ) are highly specific of @entity309 ( @entity309 ). However, they have also been detected in 5-10% of primary Sj  gren's syndrome (pSS). We compared @entity7134 -positive and negative @entity1 with pSS and assessed the risk of evolution to @entity309 . @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity7134 -positive and negative @entity1 with pSS were included in this study. For @entity7134 -positive @entity1 , clinical and radiological re-evaluation was systematically performed after at least 5   years of follow-up. Diagnosis was reassessed at the end of the follow-up to identify @entity1 that developed @entity309 according to the American College of Rheumatology 1987 classification criteria. RESULTS: At inclusion in the cohort 16 @entity1 with pSS were @entity7134 positive and 278 were @entity7134 negative. @entity7134 -positive @entity1 , had more frequently @entity625 (43.7% vs 12.2%; p=0.003) but not @entity4841 . They also had more frequent lung involvement (25% vs 8.1%; p=0.05). After median follow-up of 8 (5-10) years, 7/16 (43.8%) @entity1 developed @entity309 including 5 (31.25%) with typical @entity309 . Elevation of acute phase reactants at inclusion was the only parameter associated with progression to erosive @entity309 . CONCLUSIONS: Median term follow-up of @entity7134 -positive @entity1 with pSS showed that almost half of them developed @entity309 , particularly in the presence of elevation of acute phase reactants. These results support the usefulness of a close radiological monitoring of these @entity1 for early detection of erosive change not to delay initiation of effective treatment. Indeed, number of these @entity1 with @entity7134 -positive pSS may actually have @entity309 and associated SS.

XXXX -positive primary Sj  gren's syndrome: true primary or @entity309 -associated Sj  gren's syndrome?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS'] @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis'] @entity7134 :: ('5657', 'Gene') :: ['ACPA'] @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias'] @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA erosions', 'RA']
@entity7134 :: (5657,Gene) :: ['ACPA']
