Recent studies have implicated @entity32 in the initiation and progression of @entity43 , though the mechanisms underlying this effect are still not clear. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) allow immune cells to recognize pathogens and to trigger inflammatory responses. @entity5 cell expression of TLRs can promote @entity32 and cell survival in the @entity5 microenvironment. Here we sought to characterize the expression of TLRs in normal @entity1 ovaries, benign and malignant @entity43 from @entity1 , and in established @entity43 cell lines. We report that @entity2938 , @entity6800 , @entity2939 , and @entity20040 are strongly expressed on the surface epithelium of normal ovaries. In contrast to previous studies of uterus and endocervix, we found no cyclic variation in TLR expression occurred in @entity19 ovaries. @entity2938 , @entity6800 , @entity2939 , and @entity20040 are expressed in benign conditions, @entity5 , and in @entity43 cell lines. Variable expression of @entity13976 and @entity22879 was seen in benign and malignant epithelium of some @entity1 , while expression of @entity11709 , @entity6438 , and @entity6801 was weak. Normal and malignant @entity43 were negative for TLR expression. Vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, and occasional fibroblasts in @entity5 were positive. Functional activity for TLRs was demonstrated by stimulation of cell lines with specific ligands and subsequent activation and translocation of @entity2451 and release of the proinflammatory cytokines @entity650 and @entity2842 . These studies demonstrate expression of multiple TLRs in the epithelium of normal ovaries and in @entity43 cells, and may indicate a mechanism by which @entity5 manipulate inflammatory pathways to facilitate @entity5 progression.

Toll-like receptor expression in normal XXXX .

@entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'ovarian stroma', 'ovarian tumors', 'ovarian tumor'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients'] @entity6800 :: ('7098', 'Gene') :: ['TLR3'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-6'] @entity2451 :: ('4790', 'Gene') :: ['NFkappaB'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial tumors', 'tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['murine'] @entity6801 :: ('54106', 'Gene') :: ['TLR9'] @entity20040 :: ('7100', 'Gene') :: ['TLR5'] @entity2938 :: ('7097', 'Gene') :: ['TLR2'] @entity6438 :: ('51284', 'Gene') :: ['TLR7'] @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['CCL-2'] @entity11709 :: ('7096', 'Gene') :: ['TLR1'] @entity2939 :: ('7099', 'Gene') :: ['TLR4'] @entity13976 :: ('10333', 'Gene') :: ['TLR6'] @entity22879 :: ('51311', 'Gene') :: ['TLR8']
@entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovary and ovarian tumors']
