Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that inflammatory processes contribute to the pathophysiology of @entity302 , but underlying mechanisms remain mostly unknown. Using immunohistochemistry for @entity1195 (common @entity4107 ) and @entity5168 (T-lymphocytes), we show here microglial activation and infiltration of leukocytes in @entity3808 tissue from @entity1 with mesial @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ), as well as in a model of @entity1315 (intrahippocampal @entity4176 injection), characterized by spontaneous, nonconvulsive focal @entity410 . Using specific markers of lymphocytes, microglia, macrophages, and neutrophils in @entity4176 -treated @entity19 , we investigated with pharmacological and genetic approaches the contribution of innate and adaptive immunity to @entity4176 -induced @entity32 and @entity179 . Furthermore, we used EEG analysis in mutant @entity19 lacking specific subsets of lymphocytes to explore the significance of inflammatory processes for epileptogenesis. Blood-brain barrier disruption and @entity179 in the @entity4176 -lesioned hippocampus were accompanied by sustained @entity8024 upregulation, microglial cell activation, and infiltration of @entity5168 (+) T-cells. Moreover, macrophage infiltration was observed, selectively in the dentate gyrus where prominent granule cell dispersion was evident. Unexpectedly, depletion of peripheral macrophages by systemic @entity19160 liposome administration affected granule cell survival. @entity179 was aggravated in @entity4176 -lesioned @entity19 lacking T- and B-cells ( @entity5350 -knock-out), because of delayed invasion by Gr-1(+) neutrophils. Most strikingly, these mutant @entity19 exhibited early onset of spontaneous recurrent @entity410 , suggesting a strong impact of immune-mediated responses on network excitability. Together, the concerted action of adaptive and innate immunity triggered locally by intrahippocampal @entity4176 injection contributes seizure-suppressant and neuroprotective effects, shedding new light on neuroimmune interactions in @entity1315 .

Brain infiltration of leukocytes contributes to the pathophysiology of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice'] @entity5168 :: ('12501(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CD3'] @entity1195 :: ('5788', 'Gene') :: ['CD45'] @entity3808 :: ('MESH:C538213', 'Disease') :: ['sclerotic'] @entity4176 :: ('MESH:D007608', 'Chemical') :: ['kainic acid', 'kainate'] @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLE', 'temporal lobe epilepsy'] @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'Neurodegeneration'] @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy'] @entity5350 :: ('19373(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['RAG1'] @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1'] @entity19160 :: ('MESH:D004002', 'Chemical') :: ['clodronate'] @entity4107 :: ('3126', 'Gene') :: ['leukocyte antigen']
@entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']
