OBJECTIVE: Bakumondo-to (Maimendong tang) is a traditional oriental herbal medicine that has been used as an antitussive agent. We previously demonstrated that Bakumondo-to attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness induced by @entity1787 . However, the mechanism(s) responsible for this effect remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the mechanism whereby Bakumondo-to inhibits @entity1787 -induced airway hyperresponsiveness. First, we examined the effect of Bakumondo-to on @entity2918 production, which are key mediators to airway hyperresponsiveness after @entity1787 exposure. Second, we studied its effects on the vagal neuroeffector transmission, because vagal nerve is likely to play an important role in airway hyperresponsiveness after @entity1787 . METHODS: We measured the effects of Bakumondo-to on the concentrations of @entity2918 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid before and after @entity1787 . We evaluated the effects of Bakumondo-to on the contraction of @entity840 tracheal smooth muscle evoked by electrical field stimulation (EFS) or the exogenous application of @entity934 ( @entity1617 ). Isometric tension of tracheal strips was measured in the presence of @entity3352 (10(-6) M) and of @entity2997 (10(-6) M). RESULTS: @entity1787 caused significant increase in @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) and @entity7489 (TXB2); however, Bakumondo-to did not affect the increase in these @entity2918 . Bakumondo-to (0.01 mg/ @entity64137 mg/mL) significantly suppressed the contraction evoked by EFS, but did not affect the @entity1617 -evoked contraction, indicating that Bakumondo-to suppressed tracheal smooth muscle contraction pre-junctionally. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the mechanism by which Bakumondo-to inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness depends on inhibiting the release of @entity934 from vagal nerve terminals.

Traditional oriental herbal medicine, Bakumondo-to, suppresses vagal neuro-effector transmission in XXXX trachea.

@entity2997 :: ('MESH:D006145', 'Chemical') :: ['guanethidine'] @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE2', 'prostaglandin E2'] @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pig'] @entity64137 :: ('23961(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['mL-1'] @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['prostanoids'] @entity7489 :: ('MESH:D013929', 'Chemical') :: ['thromboxane B2'] @entity1617 :: ('CHEBI:22614', 'Chemical') :: ['ACh'] @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin'] @entity1787 :: ('MESH:D010126', 'Chemical') :: ['Ozone', 'ozone'] @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']
@entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']
