STUDY DESIGN: An experimental study of @entity65 arising during vertebroplasty (VP) of multiple levels. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the cardiovascular changes during multiple VP and whether a vent-hole has a preventive effect. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: An experimental study and clinical reports showed that @entity7123 ( @entity7123 ) and acute @entity551 occur during VP. There is the concern that these complications may worsen during VP of multiple levels. Vent-holes may prevent @entity7123 during VP. METHODS: In twenty-two @entity742 , four vertebral bodies were augmented with @entity4625 ( @entity4625 ). In ten @entity742 , a vent-hole was drilled into the pedicle contralateral to the injection site. Heart rate, arterial, central @entity998 and blood gas values were recorded. The lungs were subjected to histologic evaluation at postmortem. RESULTS: The consecutive augmentation of four vertebral bodies with @entity4625 induced a cumulative @entity7123 that gradually deteriorated baseline mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and blood gas values. The deterioration of MABP and change in blood gas values were attenuated, when a vent-hole was drilled. The amount of intravascular fat in the lungs after multiple VP (19%) was reduced when a vent-hole was drilled (9%). CONCLUSION: Surgeons should be aware of the potential @entity65 during VP of multiple levels. In the clinical setting, a needle in the contralateral pedicle could be used to decompress the vertebral body during the injection of bone cement.

Cardiovascular changes during multiple vertebroplasty with and without vent-hole: an experimental study in XXXX .

@entity4625 :: ('MESH:D019904', 'Chemical') :: ['polymethylmethacrylate', 'PMMA'] @entity742 :: ('9940', 'Species') :: ['sheep'] @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['venous and pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output'] @entity7123 :: ('MESH:D004620', 'Disease') :: ['fat embolism', 'FE'] @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']
@entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']
