PURPOSE: Percutaneous treatment of @entity1 with @entity1608 in a horseshoe kidney can be challenging due to the altered anatomical relationship in the retroperitoneum. Therefore, we performed a multi-institutional review to assess the safety and efficacy of this minimally invasive technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 37 @entity1 identified with @entity1608 in a horseshoe kidney at 3 institutions 24 (65%) underwent percutaneous nephrolithotripsy as primary treatment. Average @entity1 age was 48.4 years and 75% of the @entity1 were male. In 3 @entity1 with staghorn @entity1608 mean stone size as measured by computed digitized stone surface area was 448 mm2. Mean followup was 5.8 months. The stone-free rate, complication rate, need for secondary intervention and stone composition were evaluated. RESULTS: Renal access was obtained through an upper pole calix in 63% of the cases, a lower calix in 25% and a middle calix in 4%. Access location was not documented in 1 @entity1 (4%). Of the 24 @entity1 21 (87.5%) were rendered stone-free after primary or second look procedures. Flexible nephroscopy was used in 84% of cases. Minor complications occurred in 4 @entity1 (16.7%), whereas 3 (12.5%) experienced major complications, including significant @entity548 necessitating early cessation, @entity292 and pneumothorax. No deaths occurred as a result of this treatment choice. Stone analysis was available for 21 cases (87.5%). @entity460 stones predominated (87.5%), followed by @entity414 (9.5%) and struvite (4.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous treatment of @entity1 with @entity1290 in a horseshoe kidney is technically challenging, usually requiring upper pole access and flexible nephroscopy due to the altered anatomical relationships of the fused renal units. The success rate based on stone-free results and a relatively low incidence of major complications suggest that this minimally invasive management option is an effective means of stone management in this complex @entity1 population.

Percutaneous management of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding'] @entity1608 :: ('MESH:D002137', 'Disease') :: ['calculi'] @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['renal calculi'] @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['nephropleural fistula'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['Calcium'] @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']
@entity1290 :: (MESH:D007669,Disease) :: ['calculi within horseshoe kidneys']
