OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity1224 due to abnormal intranasal anatomy in 3 brachycephalic @entity235 breeds using computed tomography and rhinoscopy. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: A total of 132 brachycephalic @entity235 (66 Pugs, 55 French Bulldogs, and 11 English Bulldogs) with severe @entity649 due to @entity751 . METHODS: Computed tomography and anterior and posterior rhinoscopy were performed to evaluate endonasal obstruction. RESULTS: All @entity235 had abnormal conchal growth that obstructed the intranasal airways. Rostral aberrant turbinates ( @entity35 ) were common in Pugs (90.9%) but less frequent in French (56.4%) and English (36.4%) Bulldogs. Caudal aberrant turbinates (CAT) obstructing the nasopharyngeal meatus were commonly found in all breeds (66.7%). Deviation of the nasal septum was an almost consistent finding in Pugs (98.5%) but was less common in bulldogs. Obstructing turbinates had multiple points of mucosal contact responsible for obstruction of the intranasal airway. Interconchal and intraconchal mucosal contacts were evident in 91.7% of @entity235 . CONCLUSION: Selective breeding for short head conformation reduces the size of the nasal cavities to such an extent that intranasal structures grow aberrantly and malformed, leading to obstructed air conducting spaces. Intranasal @entity1224 of brachycephalic @entity235 may contribute to their exercise and heat intolerance because of @entity358 and compromised thermoregulatory functions of the @entity235 nose. Failure to address intranasal obstruction might be an explanation for lack of therapeutic success after conventional surgery for @entity751 . Future consideration should be given to the diagnosis, management, and treatment of this newly described aspect of @entity1224 .

A Novel Approach to XXXX . 1. Evaluation of Anatomical Intranasal Airway Obstruction.

@entity235 :: ('9615', 'Species') :: ['canine', 'dog', 'dogs'] @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress'] @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['impaired pulmonary ventilation'] @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['brachycephalic syndrome'] @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['RAT'] @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']
@entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['Brachycephalic Syndrome']
