PURPOSE: @entity3329 are poorly understood with few animal models. We designed a novel assay to measure lymphatic development using transgenic @entity3392 with fluorescently labeled endothelial cells. Two major branches of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) signaling pathway were examined: the MAPK and PI3K pathways. METHODS: Direct visualization of lymphatic development was performed in control embryos or under chemical inhibition. Treatment involved a 6-hour pulse of inhibitor at 3 days postfertilization. Fish were analyzed for the presence of the @entity1157 ( @entity1157 ) at 4 days postfertilization (n > 100 specimens). RESULTS: Thoracic duct formation was prevented using selective inhibitors against kinases (MAPK, PI3K/ @entity39564 , or VEGFR). These kinases were important for @entity1157 formation because the lymphatic vessel failed to form in most of treated animals. Remarkably, MAPK pathway inhibition most robustly reduced lymphangiogenesis, demonstrated by a lack of lymphatic endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: We conclude that MAPK pathway function downstream of the VEGFRs is crucial at the early stages of @entity1157 development. This study provides a novel animal model and a potential target pathway for further investigation. We suggest further examination of MAPK pathway deregulation as a potential mechanism underlying @entity3329 in @entity1 .

Novel XXXX model reveals a critical role for MAPK in lymphangiogenesis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans'] @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic disease', 'Lymphatic disorders'] @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['TD', 'thoracic duct'] @entity39564 :: ('324254(Tax:7955)', 'Gene') :: ['TOR'] @entity3392 :: ('7955', 'Species') :: ['zebrafish']
@entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['zebrafish']
