Increasing studies suggest the importance of including prospective memory measures in clinical evaluation of @entity303 due to its sensitivity and functional relevance. The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRQM) is originally a self-rated memory inventory that offers a direct comparison between prospective and episodic memory. However, the informant's report has been recognized as a more valid source of cognitive complaints. We thus aimed to examine the validity of the informant-rated form of the PRMQ in assessing memory function of the @entity1 and in detecting individuals with early @entity303 . The informants of 140 neurological outpatients with memory complaints completed the Taiwan version of the PRMQ. Tests of prospective memory, short-term memory, and general cognitive ability were also administered to non-demented @entity1 and @entity1 with early stages of @entity195 ( @entity195 ). Results showed significant relationships between the PRMQ ratings and objective cognitive measures, and showed that higher ratings on the PRMQ were associated with increasing odds of greater @entity303 severity. Receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curves showed an adequate ability of the PRMQ to identify @entity1 with @entity303 (93% sensitivity and 84% specificity). Hierarchical regression revealed that the PRMQ has additional explanatory power for @entity303 status after controlling for age, education and objective memory test results, and that the prospective memory subscale owns predictive value for @entity303 beyond the retrospective memory subscale. The present study demonstrated the external validity and diagnostic value of informants' evaluation of their respective @entity1 ' prospective and retrospective memory functioning, and highlighted the important role of prospective memory in early @entity303 detection. The proxy-version of the PRMQ is a useful tool that captures prospective and episodic @entity2414 in @entity1 with early @entity195 , in combination with standardized cognitive testing.

The clinical utility of informants' appraisals on prospective and retrospective memory in @entity1 with early XXXX .

@entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients'] @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory problems'] @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]
@entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']
