OBJECT: The authors aim to identify the characteristics of primary spontaneous @entity5254 and propose a hypothesis for its pathogenesis. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2009, 21 @entity1 diagnosed with primary spontaneous @entity5254 underwent surgery in the authors' hospital. The clinical aspects were retrospectively reviewed, and their characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 18 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 , whose ages ranged from 37 to 74 years (mean 53 years). Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 22 to 58.8 kg/m(2) (mean 31.2 kg/m(2)). Eighteen @entity1 (85.7%) were overweight, and 18 (85.7%) suffered from @entity10 or @entity392 before @entity5254 . Radiological images revealed fully or partially empty sellae in 14 @entity1 (66.7%). The preoperative @entity428 ( @entity428 ) ranged from 11 to 28 cm @entity2507 (mean 17.6 cm @entity2507 ), while the postoperative @entity428 ranged from 21 to 32 cm @entity2507 (mean 25.5 cm @entity2507 , p < 0.01). An endoscope-assisted transnasal approach was chosen for the repair. Postoperatively, in 95.2% of @entity1 a cure was achieved. @entity5254 recurred in only 1 @entity1 , and a leakage from a new defect occurred in another @entity1 4 years after the operation. Both @entity1 underwent additional surgery, which was successful. The follow-up period varied from 5 to 75 months with a mean of 34 months. CONCLUSIONS: All @entity1 had direct or indirect evidence of @entity428 , most @entity1 presented with symptoms of @entity5576 ( @entity5576 ), and most @entity1 were @entity1 and @entity28 . Primary spontaneous @entity5254 may be due to @entity5576 , and it is a rare symptom of @entity5576 . When treating or monitoring these @entity1 during follow-up, @entity428 should be controlled, and other symptoms of @entity5576 should be noted.

Primary @entity5254 : a symptom of XXXX ?

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese'] @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['ICP', 'intracranial pressure', 'elevated ICP'] @entity5254 :: ('MESH:D002559', 'Disease') :: ['rhinorrhea', 'Rhinorrhea', 'CSF rhinorrhea'] @entity2507 :: ('CHEBI:33813', 'Chemical') :: ['H(2)O'] @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus'] @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache'] @entity5576 :: ('MESH:D011559', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic intracranial hypertension', 'IIH']
@entity5576 :: (MESH:D011559,Disease) :: ['idiopathic intracranial hypertension']
