Volunteers were orally administered invasive, non-Shiga toxin-producing @entity14342 1 to establish a challenge model to assess vaccine efficacy. In stepwise fashion, four separate groups were given 3 x 10(2), 7 x 10(3), 5 x 10(4), or 7 x 10(5) CFU. Using PBMC, proliferative responses and cytokine production were measured to @entity14342 whole-cell preparations and to purified recombinant invasion plasmid @entity17754 (Ipa) C and IpaD. Anti- @entity558 and anti-Ipa Abs and Ab-secreting cells were also evaluated. Preinoculation PBMC produced considerable quantities of IL-10 and IFN-gamma, probably secreted by monocytes and NK cells, respectively, of the innate immune system. Following inoculation, PBMC from 95 and 87% of volunteers exhibited an increased production of IFN-gamma and IL-10, respectively, in response to Shigella Ags. These increases included responses to IpaC and IpaD among those volunteers receiving the lowest inoculum. No IL-4 or IL-5 responses were detected. Whereas there were no Ab or Ab-secreting cell responses in volunteers receiving the lowest inoculum, other dose groups had moderate to strong anti- @entity558 and anti-Ipa responses. These results suggest that in @entity1 , type 1 responses play an important role in mucosal and systemic immunity to S. dysentariae 1.

Production of IFN-gamma and IL-10 to Shigella invasins by mononuclear cells from volunteers orally inoculated with a Shiga toxin-deleted XXXX type 1 strain.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans'] @entity17754 :: ('CHEBI:73350', 'Chemical') :: ['Ags'] @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['LPS'] @entity14342 :: ('622', 'Species') :: ['Shigella dysenteriae', 'S. dysenteriae']
@entity14342 :: (622,Species) :: ['Shigella dysenteriae']
