@entity166 are common diseases all over the world. A recent World Health Organization report indicated that @entity166 are now the world's biggest killer of @entity1 and young adults. @entity166 in non-industrialized countries caused 45% in all and 63% of death in early childhood. In developed countries, the emergence of new, rare or already-forgotten @entity166 , such as @entity645 / @entity791 , @entity3001 and @entity378 , has stimulated public interest and inspired commitments to surveillance and control. Recently, it is reported that @entity166 are responsible for more than 17 million deaths worldwide each year, most of which are associated with @entity2348 . Hence, the control of @entity166 control is still an important task in the world. The ability to control such @entity2348 is largely dependent on the ability to detect these aetiological agents in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Diagnostic medical bacteriology consists of two main components namely identification and typing. Molecular biology has the potential to revolutionise the way in which diagnostic tests are delivered in order to optimise care of the infected @entity1 , whether they occur in hospital or in the community. Since the discovery of PCR in the late 1980s, there has been an enormous amount of research performed which has enabled the introduction of molecular tests to several areas of routine clinical microbiology. Molecular biology techniques continue to evolve rapidly, so it has been problematic for many laboratories to decide upon which test to introduce before that technology becomes outdated. However the vast majority of diagnostic clinical bacteriology laboratories do not currently employ any form of molecular diagnostics but the use such technology is becoming more widespread in both specialized regional laboratories as well as in national reference laboratories. Presently molecular biology offers a wide repertoire of techniques and permutations of these analytical tools, hence this article wishes to explore the application of these in the diagnostic laboratory setting.

Molecular diagnostics of medically important XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient'] @entity3001 :: ('MESH:D008193', 'Disease') :: ['Lyme disease'] @entity645 :: ('57667', 'Species') :: ['HIV'] @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections'] @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculosis'] @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['AIDS'] @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious diseases', 'Infectious diseases']
@entity2348 :: (MESH:D001424,Disease) :: ['bacterial infections']
