@entity2828 is defined by the expression of ews/ets fusion genes. The type of the fusion transcript impacts on the clinical biology. @entity2828 requires risk adapted treatment. A risk-adapted treatment is determined by @entity5 localisation, @entity5 stage and volume. For metastatic and relapsed disease the pattern of spread and the time of relapse are the determinants of risk stratification. Staging of @entity2828 has been considerably improved by magnetic resonance imaging and modern isotope scanning techniques. However, the determination of the extent of the metastatic spread in particular number of involved bones remains an unresolved issue. The prognosis for high-risk @entity2828 has been improved by multimodal and high-dose radio/chemotherapy (HDC). The concepts for high-dose therapy in @entity2828 are based on dose response and dose intensity relationships. In single agent HDC most experience exists with Melphalan. Several chemotherapeutic agents have been used in combination HDC with or without @entity131 such as @entity632 , @entity3600 , Busulphan, @entity3003 , @entity786 , @entity2879 , @entity3601 , Thiotepa Procarbazin and @entity1891 . To date, superiority of any high-dose chemotherapy regimen has not been established. However, the clinical biology, the pattern of spread and the time of relapse determine the prognosis of @entity1 who are eligible for HDC. In particular, @entity1 with multifocal bone or bone marrow metastases have a poorer prognosis than @entity1 with lung metastases. In addition, @entity1 with a relapse within 24 months have a poorer prognosis than @entity1 with a relapse later than 24 months after diagnosis. This review will analyze the results of single- and multi-agent chemotherapy with respect to agent combination, dose and risk stratum of @entity1 population. Future therapeutic modalities for the treatment of @entity2828 might encompass immunotherapeutic and genetic strategies including allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

High-dose chemoradiotherapy (HDC) in the XXXX ( @entity2828 ).

@entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin'] @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['Ewing tumors', 'EFT'] @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor'] @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin'] @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclophosphamide'] @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['Etoposide'] @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['Melphalan'] @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['BCNU'] @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['Vincristine']
@entity2828 :: (MESH:D012512,Disease) :: ['Ewing family of tumors']
