BACKGROUND: Immune responses play significant roles in protection against @entity232 . Polymorphisms within the @entity9597 ( @entity9597 ) gene affect the production of cytokines, which is important for the clearance of many pathogens. The aim of the current study was to identify the relationship between @entity234 ( @entity234 ) infection and polymorphisms at positions @entity68893 and @entity68894 of @entity9597 in an Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed during 2004-2012 and included three groups of @entity1 : @entity234 @entity1 (Group 1, n = 124), seropositive healthy controls (Group 2, n = 101), and seronegative healthy controls (Group 3, n = 55). The @entity9597 @entity68893 and @entity68894 polymorphisms were evaluated using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique, and anti-Leishmania antibody titers were determined by using immunofluorescence technique. Alleles and genotypes were compared between groups of the study as well as Groups 1 and 2 based on the titer of antibodies. The validity of the data was analyzed using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and one-way analysis of variance, as well as    (2) tests. RESULTS: The polymorphisms at @entity9597 positions @entity68893 and @entity68894 were significantly associated with active @entity234 . These results demonstrated that the @entity9597 @entity68893 and @entity68894 polymorphisms were not associated with anti-Leishmania antibody production. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that these @entity9597 polymorphisms may be risk factors for the development of @entity234 .

Interleukin-4 receptor alpha XXXX and @entity68894 polymorphisms are associated with risk of @entity234 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients'] @entity9597 :: ('3566', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin 4 receptor alpha chain', 'IL-4Ra'] @entity234 :: ('MESH:D007898', 'Disease') :: ['VL', 'visceral leishmaniasis', 'VL infection'] @entity232 :: ('MESH:D007896', 'Disease') :: ['leishmaniasis'] @entity68894 :: ('c|SUB|A|1652|G', 'DNAMutation') :: ['A1652G'] @entity68893 :: ('c|SUB|T|1432|C', 'DNAMutation') :: ['T1432C']
@entity68893 :: (c|SUB|T|1432|C,DNAMutation) :: ['T1432C']
