BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence has shown the toxic effects of anesthesia to neonatal hippocampus. We used an in vivo @entity19 model to explore the role of @entity8204 ( @entity8204 ) in regulating anesthesia-induced @entity2359 . METHODS: One-month old C57/BL6 @entity19 received daily intraperitoneal injection of anesthesia ( @entity3652 , 50 mg/kg) for 7 days. One day after, @entity66 was evaluated by TUNEL staining in hippocampal @entity4778 region, and expression level of @entity8204 assessed by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Hippocampal @entity8204 was then down-regulated through lentivirus mediated cortical injection prior to anesthesia. The effects of inhibiting hippocampal @entity8204 on anesthesia-induced hippocampal @entity66 and @entity2414 were further investigated by TUNEL staining and Morris water maze (MWM) test. The predicted molecular target of @entity8204 , @entity10824 ( @entity10824 ) was down-regulated in hippocampus through siRNA-mediated cortical injection and its effect on hippocampal @entity66 was also examined. RESULTS: Anesthesia caused severe @entity66 among hippocampal @entity4778 neurons and upregulated hippocampal @entity8204 . On the other hand, lentivirual inhibition of @entity8204 protected anesthesia-induced hippocampal @entity66 and @entity2414 . Luciferase essay demonstrated @entity10824 was directly regulated by @entity8204 in hippocampus. siRNA-induced @entity10824 downregulation further exaggerated anesthesia-induced @entity66 in hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we showed that @entity8204 negatively modulated anesthesia-induced @entity2359 .

MicroRNA-34a negatively regulates anesthesia-induced hippocampal @entity66 and @entity2414 through XXXX .

@entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['apoptosis'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse'] @entity3652 :: ('MESH:D007649', 'Chemical') :: ['ketamine'] @entity8204 :: ('723848(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['microRNA 34a', 'miR-34a'] @entity4778 :: ('12346(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['CA1'] @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment'] @entity10824 :: ('14182(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor receptor 1', 'FGFR1'] @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal neurotoxicity']
@entity10824 :: (14182(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['FGFR1']
