BACKGROUND: Mexican immigrants are disproportionally affected by diet-related risk of @entity209 . Whether adhering to a traditional Mexican diet or adopting a US diet contributes to metabolic changes associated with future risk of type 2 @entity6 and other @entity102 has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test in a randomized crossover feeding trial the metabolic responses to a Mexican diet compared with a commonly consumed US diet. DESIGN: First- and second-generation healthy @entity1 of Mexican descent (n = 53) were randomly assigned in a crossover design to consume a Mexican or US diet for 24 d each, separated by a 28-d washout period. Diets were eucaloric and similar in macronutrient composition. The metabolic responses to diets were assessed by measuring fasting serum concentrations of @entity413 , insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 ( @entity442 ), @entity2301 ( @entity2301 ), @entity1254 , @entity1851 and @entity650 ( @entity650 ), as well as the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at the beginning and end of each period. Linear mixed models tested the intervention effect on the biomarkers, while adjusting for diet sequence, feeding period, baseline and washout biomarker concentrations, age, acculturation, and BMI. RESULTS: Compared with the US diet, the Mexican diet reduced insulin by 14% [geometric means (95% CIs): 9.3 (8.3, 10.3) compared with 8.0 (7.2, 8.9)  U/mL; P = 0.02], HOMA-IR by 15% [2.0 (1.8, 2.3) compared with 1.7 (1.6, 2.0); P = 0.02], and @entity2301 by 6% (mean    SEM: 2420    29 compared with 2299    29 ng/mL; P < 0.01) and tended to reduce circulating concentrations of @entity442 by 4% (149    2.6 compared with 144    2.5 ng/mL; P = 0.06). There was no significant intervention effect on serum concentrations of @entity413 , @entity1254 , @entity1851 , or @entity650 in the US compared with the Mexican diet. CONCLUSION: Compared with the commonly consumed US diet, the traditional Mexican diet modestly improved insulin sensitivity under conditions of weight stability in healthy @entity1 of Mexican descent, while having no impact on biomarkers of @entity32 . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01369173.

Metabolic responses to a traditional Mexican diet compared with a commonly consumed US diet in XXXX of Mexican descent: a randomized crossover feeding trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women'] @entity650 :: ('3569', 'Gene') :: ['IL-6', 'interleukin 6'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3', 'IGFBP-3'] @entity442 :: ('3479', 'Gene') :: ['IGF-1'] @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases'] @entity1254 :: ('9370', 'Gene') :: ['adiponectin'] @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic dysfunction'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose'] @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['CRP', 'C-reactive protein (CRP),']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']
