STUDY OBJECTIVES: @entity27 ( @entity27 ) @entity1 show brain structural @entity99 in autonomic, affective, and cognitive regulatory sites, as revealed by @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) and other imaging procedures. The time course and nature of gray and @entity62 can be revealed in more detail with mean kurtosis (MK) procedures, which can differentiate acute from @entity8638 , and better show extent of damage over @entity1893 procedures. Our objective was to examine global and regional MK changes in newly diagnosed @entity27 , relative to control subjects. METHODS: Two diffusion kurtosis image series were collected from 22 recently-diagnosed, treatment-na  ve @entity27 and 26 control subjects using a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner. MK maps were generated, normalized to a common space, smoothed, and compared voxel-by-voxel between groups using analysis of covariance (covariates; age, sex). RESULTS: No age or sex differences appeared, but body mass index, sleep, neuropsychologic, and cognitive scores significantly differed between groups. MK values were significantly increased globally in @entity27 over controls, and in multiple localized sites, including the basal forebrain, extending to the @entity2339 , hippocampus, thalamus, insular cortices, basal ganglia, limbic regions, cerebellar areas, parietal cortices, ventral temporal lobe, ventrolateral medulla, and midline pons. Multiple sites, including the insular cortices, ventrolateral medulla, and midline pons showed more @entity130 previously identified damage with @entity1893 procedures, with damage often lateralized. CONCLUSIONS: Global mean kurtosis values are significantly @entity27 ( @entity27 ), suggesting @entity3145 , and these changes are principally localized in critical sites mediating deficient functions in the condition. The mechanisms for @entity130 altered perfusion and @entity519 -induced processes, leading to acute tissue changes in recently diagnosed @entity27 .

Global and Regional Brain Non-Gaussian Diffusion Changes in Newly Diagnosed XXXX with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['acute tissue injury'] @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['Obstructive sleep apnea', 'increased in obstructive sleep apnea', 'OSA'] @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia'] @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus'] @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['chronic injury'] @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['mean diffusivity', 'MD'] @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter injury'] @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['injury and functional deficits'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury over', 'injury likely include']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']
