UNASSIGNED: To inform risk management decisions on control and prevention of food-related disease, both the disease burden expressed in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) and the cost-of-illness of food-related pathogens are estimated and presented. Disease burden of fourteen pathogens that can be transmitted by food, the environment, animals and @entity1 was previously estimated by Havelaar et al. (2012). In this paper we complement these by cost-of-illness estimates. Together, these present a complete picture of the societal burden of food-related diseases. Using incidence estimates for 2011, community-acquired non-consulting cases, @entity1 consulting their general practitioner, hospitalized @entity1 and the incidence of sequelae and fatal cases, estimates were obtained for DALYs, direct healthcare costs (e.g. costs for doctor's fees, hospitalizations and medicines), direct non-healthcare costs (e.g. travel costs to and from the doctor), indirect non-healthcare costs (e.g. productivity loss, special education) and total costs. The updated disease burden for 2011 was equal to 13,940DALY/year (undiscounted) or 12,650DALY/year (discounted at 1.5%), and was of the same magnitude as previous estimates. At the population-level thermophilic Campylobacter spp., @entity3204 and rotavirus were associated with the highest disease burden. @entity281 was associated with the highest DALY per symptomatic case. The total cost-of-illness in 2011 of fourteen food-related pathogens and associated sequelae was estimated at     468 million/year, if undiscounted, and at     416 million/year if discounted by 4%. Direct healthcare costs accounted for 24% of total costs, direct non-healthcare costs for 2% and indirect non-healthcare costs for 74% of total costs. At the population-level, norovirus had the highest total cost-of-illness in 2011 with     106 million/year, followed by thermophilic Campylobacter spp. (    76 million/year) and rotavirus (    73 million/year). @entity221 per infected case varied from     150 for @entity3168 intoxications to     275,000 for perinatal listeriosis. Both incident cases and fatal cases are more strongly correlated with @entity4643 /year than with DALY/year. More than 40% of all cost-of-illness and DALYs can be attributed to food, in total     168 million/year and5,150 DALY/year for 2011. Beef, lamb, pork and poultry meat alone accounted for 39% of these costs. Products of animal origin accounted for     86 million/year (or 51% of the costs attributed to food) and3,320 DALY/year (or 64% of the disease burden attributed to food). Among the pathogens studied @entity794 intoxications accounted for the highest share of costs attributed to food (    47.1 million/year), followed by Campylobacter spp. (    32.0 million/year) and norovirus (    17.7 million/year).

XXXX and disease burden of food-related pathogens in the Netherlands, 2011.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients'] @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus'] @entity3168 :: ('1502', 'Species') :: ['Clostridium perfringens'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Perinatal listeriosis infection'] @entity4643 :: ('MESH:D003103', 'Disease') :: ['COI'] @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Cost-of-illness'] @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']
@entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['Cost-of-illness']
