Cilia are motile and sensory organelles with critical roles in physiology. @entity154 can cause numerous @entity1 disease symptoms including @entity8767 , @entity1276 , and @entity2000 . Despite the importance of these organelles, their assembly and function is not fully understood. The unicellular green alga @entity2060 has many advantages as a model system for studies of ciliary assembly and function. Here we describe our initial efforts to build a chemical-biology toolkit to augment the genetic tools available for studying cilia in this organism, with the goal of being able to reversibly perturb ciliary function on a rapid time-scale compared to that available with traditional genetic methods. We screened a set of 5520 compounds from which we identified four candidate compounds with reproducible effects on flagella at nontoxic doses. Three of these compounds resulted in @entity912 and one induced flagellar shortening in a reversible and dose-dependent fashion, accompanied by a reduction in the speed of intraflagellar transport. This latter compound also reduced the length of cilia in @entity1 cells, hence we named the compound "ciliabrevin" due to its ability to shorten cilia. This compound also robustly and reversibly inhibited microtubule movement and retrograde actin flow in @entity238 S2 cells. @entity70101 may prove especially useful for the study of retrograde actin flow at the leading edge of cells, as it slows the retrograde flow in a tunable dose-dependent fashion until flow completely stops at high concentrations, and these effects are quickly reversed upon washout of the drug.

A cell-based screen for inhibitors of flagella-driven motility in XXXX reveals a novel modulator of ciliary length and retrograde actin flow.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human'] @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['Ciliary defects'] @entity2000 :: ('MESH:D012162', 'Disease') :: ['retinal degeneration'] @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus'] @entity70101 :: ('MESH:C558854', 'Chemical') :: ['Ciliabrevin'] @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila'] @entity8767 :: ('MESH:D007690', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic kidneys'] @entity2060 :: ('3055', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'] @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['flagellar paralysis']
@entity2060 :: (3055,Species) :: ['Chlamydomonas']
