BACKGROUND: The Thai-Myanmar border is a remaining hotspot for @entity311 transmission. @entity311 transmission in this region continues year-round, with a major peak season in July-August, and a minor peak in October-November. @entity311 elimination requires better knowledge of the mosquito community structure, dynamics and vectorial status to support effective vector control. METHODS: Adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps and @entity291 bait in 7 villages along the Thai-Myanmar border in January 2011 - March 2013. Mosquitoes were determined to species by morphological characters. @entity3965 -positivity was determined by circumsporozoite protein ELISA. RESULTS: The 2986 Anopheles mosquitoes collected were assigned to 26 species, with Anopheles minimus sensu lato (s.l.) (40.32  %), An. maculatus s.l. (21.43  %), An. annularis s.l. (14.43  %), An. kochi (5.39  %), An. tessellatus (5.26  %), and An. barbirostris s.l. (3.52  %) being the top six most abundant species. @entity3965 -infected mosquitoes were found in 22 positive samples from 2906 pooled samples of abdomens and heads/thoraxes. Four mosquito species were found infected with @entity3965 : An. minimus s.l., An. maculatus s.l., An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l. The infectivity rates of these mosquitoes were 0.76, 0.37, 0.72, and 1.74  %, respectively. Consistent with a change in @entity311 epidemiology to the predominance of @entity3965 in this area, 20 of the 22 infected mosquito samples were @entity3965 -positive. The four potential vector species all displayed apparent seasonality in relative abundance. While An. minimus s.l. was collected through the entire year, its abundance peaked in the season immediately after the wet season. In comparison, An. maculatus s.l. numbers showed a major peak during the wet season. The two potential vector species, An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l., both showed peak abundance during the transition from wet to dry season. Moreover, An. minimus s.l. was more abundant in indoor collections, whereas An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l. were more abundant in outdoor collections, suggesting their potential role in outdoor @entity311 transmission. CONCLUSIONS: This survey confirmed the major vector status of An. minimus s.l. and An. maculatus s.l. and identified An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l. as additional vectors with potential importance in @entity311 transmission after the wet season.

Natural human XXXX infections in major Anopheles mosquitoes in western Thailand.

@entity311 :: ('MESH:D008288', 'Disease') :: ['Malaria', 'malaria'] @entity3965 :: ('5855', 'Species') :: ['P. vivax', 'Plasmodium'] @entity291 :: ('9913', 'Species') :: ['cow']
@entity3965 :: (5855,Species) :: ['Plasmodium']
