BACKGROUND: Currently the best prognostic index for operable @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) is the TNM staging system. Molecular biology holds the promise of predicting outcome for the individual @entity1 and identifying novel therapeutic targets. Angiogenesis, @entity5379 , and the erb/HER type I @entity669 kinase receptors are all implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity1149 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 167 @entity1 with resected stage I-IIIa @entity1149 and >60 days postoperative survival with a minimum follow up of 2 years was undertaken. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on paraffin embedded sections for the microvessel marker @entity2280 , @entity1476 and @entity1495 , @entity470 , and @entity1722 to evaluate the relationships between and impact on survival of these molecular markers. RESULTS: Tumour cell @entity1495 (HR 1.91 (1.23-2.97)), a high microvessel count (HR 1.97 (1.28-3.03)), and stage (stage II HR 1.44 (0.87-2.40), stage IIIa HR 2.21 (1.31-3.74)) were independent prognostic factors. @entity1 with a high microvessel count and @entity5 cell @entity1495 expression had a worse outcome than cases with only one (HR 1.68 (1.04-2.73)) or neither (HR 4.43 (2.29-8.57)) of these markers. @entity470 expression correlated with @entity5 cell @entity1495 expression (p<0.001). Immunoreactivity for both of these factors within the same @entity5 was associated with a poor prognosis (HR 2.22 (1.45-3.41)). CONCLUSION: Angiogenesis, @entity470 , and @entity1495 expression provide prognostic information independent of TNM stage, allowing a more accurate outcome prediction for the individual @entity1 . The development of novel anti-angiogenic agents, @entity470 targeted therapies, and MMP inhibitors suggests that target specific adjuvant treatments may become a therapeutic option in @entity1 with resected @entity1149 .

A biological staging model for operable XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity5379 :: ('4313;4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9'] @entity1476 :: ('4313', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-2'] @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour'] @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer'] @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-9'] @entity2280 :: ('947', 'Gene') :: ['CD34'] @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine'] @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['c-erbB-2']
@entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']
