Large scale red blood cell (RBC) antigen genotyping of donors is currently well developed. There is scarce information, however, to select @entity1 who might benefit from preemptive extended RBC antigen-matched transfusions. Female sex has been proposed as a risk factor for RBC @entity5155 after transfusion. To asses whether females respond differently to RBC alloantigens compared with males, we conducted a literature review on RBC @entity5155 . Clinical studies on RBC @entity5155 incidence were searched for in databases from 1950 through 2011. Studies were included when data were available to calculate the female-to-male risk ratio for @entity5155 . Based on the reported age, adult @entity1 (>18 years) were distinguished from pediatric @entity1 ( <=18 years), and articles were analyzed according to disease categories. Thirty articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The Mantel-Haenszel risk ratio estimate of combined adult studies showed that @entity1 with @entity3458 had an increased relative risk (27%) on RBC alloantibodies compared with @entity1 . Other groups showed equal @entity5155 risk in @entity1 and @entity1 . @entity1 slightly more often than @entity1 possess RBC antibodies. This is likely explained by more exposure to immunizing events through pregnancy and/or transfusions in females with @entity3458 . The results support the current policy implemented in many countries for Rhesus/Kell matching in @entity1 with a @entity8453 irrespective of sex. Thus, based solely on sex difference, the results do not justify recommending additional matching for @entity1 , besides preemptive K and c antigen matching for @entity1 during the (pre-) fertile age, as already applied in many European countries for the prevention of fetal morbidity.

Is female sex a risk factor for red blood cell XXXX after transfusion? A systematic review.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'men'] @entity5155 :: ('MESH:C536394', 'Disease') :: ['alloimmunization'] @entity3458 :: ('MESH:D000755', 'Disease') :: ['sickle cell disease'] @entity8453 :: ('MESH:D006453', 'Disease') :: ['hemoglobinopathy']
@entity5155 :: (MESH:C536394,Disease) :: ['alloimmunization']
