In the present study we highlight the epidemiology, etiologic spectrum, and evaluation of ARF in adults. We then expand on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of @entity177 and discuss the rationale for current therapeutic strategies in ARF @entity1 . A total of 79 @entity1 (45 male, female 34), aged 18-75 years (median age 51.2 +/- 17.7 years) with @entity810 were studied in 5 years (January 1990 through October 1995). Emergency hemodialysis sessions following an acute anuric episode were instituted in 39 cases (49.3% of all @entity1 ). The median number of hemodialysis procedures per @entity1 treated at our institution was 3.2 +/- 1.9. The total number of acute @entity1986 -associated ARF was 40. In 30 of them (75%) the acute renal insult included a combination of several therapeutic antimicrobial agents, in 2 cases (5%) ARF followed the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in 1 (2.5%) it resulted from a combined therapeutic regimen and in the remaining 5 (12.5%) from the application of a single drug. Acute @entity1986 developed in 2 @entity1 following a @entity1800 . In the hemodialysis-treated ARF group 12 @entity1 (29.77%) had @entity1986 and 2 @entity1 (5.13%) presented with @entity8 for an unspecified period of time preceding the development of overt ARF. In a subset of this group of @entity1 , ARF occurred in 7 @entity1 (17.95%) following an urologic intervention, in 8 @entity1 (20.51%) as a consequence of thermal or mechanical @entity130 or intoxication and in 3 cases (7.69%) it resulted from fever of unknown origin. Three @entity1 with @entity86 and 4 other (10.26%) with @entity260 were encountered in our series. No cases of @entity5852 -related or obstetric-related ARF were recorded. 92.3% of all hemodialysis-treated @entity1 seen at our Institution had received a combination of antibiotics and only 2 @entity1 had been pre-treated with a single antimicrobial agent. Our results underscore the strong tendency towards diversity in the etiologic spectrum of clinical entities causing ARF and the increase in the number of acute @entity1986 . These factors highlight the importance of precise dosing and administration of drugs, especially antibiotics, as well as the duration of antibiotic treatment.

XXXX --etiologic and therapeutic considerations. A five-year experience at a single institution.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment'] @entity5852 :: ('MESH:D000031', 'Disease') :: ['septic abortion'] @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications'] @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure'] @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection'] @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative peritonitis'] @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure'] @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial nephritis'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma']
@entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['Acute renal failure']
