Protective immunity to the @entity10130 , @entity10130 , has been demonstrated by immunization of pigs with antigens derived from the parasite's larval stages. We identified a protective antigen commonly expressed in the @entity1 and @entity1707 Ascaris infections as a 16-kDa protein (As16), which has no similarity at the @entity535 level to @entity1 proteins but has some similarity to those of the filarial parasites and @entity2199 gene product. Localization analysis revealed that the native As16 was highly expressed in the adult worm intestine, hypodermis, and cuticles. In addition, As16 was detected in the parasite excretory and secretory products. @entity19 intranasally vaccinated with @entity526 -expressed recombinant As16 (rAs16), coupled with cholera toxin B subunit, generated a significant increase in the level of rAs16-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgE in serum. Mucosal IgA levels were also increased. The recombinant protein evoked a mixed (both @entity630 and @entity61 ) type of immune response characterized by elevated levels of gamma interferon and interleukin-10 in the culture supernatants of activated spleen cells. An increased level of @entity9686 and @entity9749 in serum was also observed. The vaccinated @entity19 showed a reduction by 58% in the recovery of challenged larvae compared to a nonvaccinated control. These results suggest the possibility of developing a mucosal vaccine for @entity1 and @entity1707 @entity2329 .

@entity19 intranasally immunized with a recombinant 16-kilodalton antigen from @entity2199 Ascaris parasites are protected against larval migration of XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human'] @entity1707 :: ('9823', 'Species') :: ['pig'] @entity2199 :: ('6239', 'Species') :: ['Caenorhabditis elegans'] @entity630 :: ('57314(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Th1'] @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'Mice'] @entity9686 :: ('16017(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IgG1'] @entity2329 :: ('MESH:D001196', 'Disease') :: ['ascariasis'] @entity61 :: ('15111(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Th2'] @entity10130 :: ('6253', 'Species') :: ['pig roundworm', 'Ascaris suum'] @entity9749 :: ('668478(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IgG2a'] @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']
@entity10130 :: (6253,Species) :: ['Ascaris suum']
