Plant survival under abiotic stress conditions requires morphological and physiological adaptations. Adverse soil conditions directly affect root development, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely to be discovered. Plant hormones regulate normal root growth and mediate root morphological responses to abiotic stress. Hormone synthesis, signal transduction, perception and cross-talk create a complex network in which metal stress can interfere, resulting in root growth alterations. We focus on @entity958 , for which gene networks in root development have been intensively studied, and supply essential terminology of anatomy and growth of roots. Knowledge of gene networks, mechanisms and interactions related to the role of plant hormones is reviewed. Most knowledge has been generated for auxin, the best-studied hormone with a pronounced primary role in root development. Furthermore, cytokinins, @entity2273 , @entity2271 , @entity1786 , @entity7214 , @entity30861 , @entity11406 and @entity3785 are discussed. Interactions between hormones that are of potential importance for root growth are described. This creates a framework that can be used for investigating the impact of abiotic stress factors on molecular mechanisms related to plant hormones, with the limited knowledge of the effects of the metals @entity3409 , @entity920 and @entity219 on plant hormones and root development included as case example.

Gene Networks Involved in Hormonal Control of Root Development in XXXX : A Framework for Studying Its Disturbance by Metal Stress.

@entity2273 :: ('MESH:D005875', 'Chemical') :: ['gibberellins'] @entity2271 :: ('MESH:D000040', 'Chemical') :: ['abscisic acid'] @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['jasmonic acid'] @entity30861 :: ('CHEBI:68487', 'Chemical') :: ['strigolactones'] @entity11406 :: ('MESH:D060406', 'Chemical') :: ['brassinosteroids'] @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid'] @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana'] @entity219 :: ('MESH:D015032', 'Chemical') :: ['zinc'] @entity3409 :: ('MESH:D002104', 'Chemical') :: ['cadmium'] @entity920 :: ('MESH:D003300', 'Chemical') :: ['copper'] @entity1786 :: ('MESH:C036216', 'Chemical') :: ['ethylene']
@entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']
