OBJECTIVE: To investigate the global changes accompanying @entity1 @entity384 ( @entity384 ) we performed a large-scale expression screen using myocardial biopsies from a group of @entity384 @entity1 with moderate @entity712 . By hierarchical clustering and functional annotation of the deregulated genes we examined extensive changes in the cellular and molecular processes associated to @entity384 . METHODS: The expression profiles were obtained using a whole genome covering library (UniGene RZPD1) comprising 30336 cDNA clones and amplified RNA from myocardiac biopsies from 10 @entity384 @entity1 in comparison to tissue samples from four non-failing, healthy donors. RESULTS: By setting stringent selection criteria 364 differentially expressed, sequence-verified non-redundant transcripts were identified with a false discovery rate of <0.001. Numerous genes and ESTs were identified representing previously recognised, as well as novel @entity384 -associated transcripts. Many of them were found to be upregulated and involved in cardiomyocyte energetics, muscle contraction or signalling. Two hundred and twenty-two deregulated transcripts were functionally annotated and hierarchically clustered providing an insight into the pathophysiology of @entity384 . Data was validated using the MLP-deficient @entity19 , in which several differentially expressed transcripts identified in the @entity1 @entity384 biopsies could be confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first genome-wide expression profile analysis using cardiac biopsies from @entity384 @entity1 at various stages of the disease. Although there is a diversity of links between the cytoskeleton and the initiation of @entity384 , we speculate that genes implicated in intracellular signalling and in muscle contraction are associated with early stages of the disease. Altogether this study represents the most comprehensive and inclusive molecular portrait of @entity1 @entity296 to date.

Expression profiling of XXXX idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients'] @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy'] @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure'] @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mouse'] @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['DCM', 'dilated cardiomyopathy']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']
