STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart review. OBJECTIVE: To describe the presentation and the rationale for management of pathological @entity174 and complete odontoid destruction in @entity378 ( @entity378 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Presentation of @entity378 ranges from minor osteomyelitic changes to severe structural damage leading to instability. Structural damage to the odontoid process is poorly characterized in the literature. Inadequate knowledge about the radiological presentations has led to controversy in the management of @entity378 . METHODS: The cohort consisted of 15 consecutive @entity1 with @entity378 , with structural damage to the odontoid process in the form of either @entity174 (n = 7) or complete odontoid destruction (n = 8). These @entity1 presented with @entity158 , @entity51 , torticollis, @entity1282 , or respiratory distress. The cause of @entity51 was craniocervical instability characterized as anterioposterior (n = 15), rotatory (n = 4), and vertical (n = 6). Displacement reduced anatomically in 13 @entity1 . Apart from antibiotics, all @entity1 were treated surgically by either C1-C2 fusion (n = 7) or occipitocervical fusion (n = 8). RESULTS: Average duration of follow-up was 3.6 years (range, 1.5-8 yr). All @entity1 achieved normal neurological status. No complications were noted, except for 1 case, who had a loss of reduction after the use of Hartshill rectangle for occipitocervical fusion. Postoperative computed tomographic scan showed nonunion of @entity174 in 2 of 4 @entity1 . No @entity1 of odontoid destruction, of the 5 investigated, revealed structural reformation of the dens. CONCLUSION: @entity378 can severely damage the odontoid process, resulting in @entity3029 . In these @entity1 , surgery restores and maintains the craniocervical alignment and has a predictable outcome compared with conservative therapy. @entity174 have the potential to go into nonunion. Odontoid process once destroyed completely is rarely restored after antibiotic therapy.

Structural odontoid lesions in craniovertebral XXXX : a review of 15 cases.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['odontoid fracture', 'Pathological odontoid fractures'] @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain'] @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia'] @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['CVJ TB', 'craniovertebral junction tuberculosis'] @entity3029 :: ('MESH:D004204', 'Disease') :: ['atlantoaxial dislocation']
@entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']
