OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of @entity1 aged <2  years who have been asphyxiated presenting with @entity1415 in the absence of @entity130 or medical explanation and to identify the characteristics of the clinical presentation indicative of @entity2063 . STUDY DESIGN: An all-language systematic review was conducted by searching 10 databases from 1900 to 2015 and gray literature to identify high-quality studies that included @entity1 with @entity1415 aged <2  years (alive or dead) with explicit confirmation of intentional or unintentional @entity2063 ( @entity1224 ). Studies of traumatic or pathological @entity1415 were excluded. For each comparative study, the proportion of @entity1 presenting with @entity1415 that were asphyxiated is reported with 95% CI. RESULTS: Of 2706 studies identified, 100 underwent full review, resulting in 6 included studies representing 30 @entity1 with @entity2063 -related @entity1415 and 74 @entity1 with non- @entity2063 -related @entity1415 . The proportion of @entity1 presenting with @entity1415 that had been asphyxiated, reported by 3 studies, was between 7% and 24%. Features associated with @entity2063 in live @entity1 included malaise, altered skin color, respiratory difficulty, and chest radiograph abnormalities. There were no explicit associated features described among those @entity1 who were dead on arrival. CONCLUSION: There is an association between @entity1415 and @entity2063 in young @entity1 ; however, @entity1415 does not constitute a diagnosis of @entity1763 in itself. In any @entity1 presenting with @entity1415 , a thorough investigation of etiology is always warranted, which must include active exploration of @entity1763 as a possible explanation.

A Systematic Review of the Probability of XXXX in @entity1 Aged  <2  Years with Unexplained Epistaxis.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant'] @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis', 'unexplained epistaxis'] @entity2063 :: ('MESH:C537571', 'Disease') :: ['asphyxiation'] @entity1763 :: ('MESH:D001237', 'Disease') :: ['asphyxia'] @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['upper airway obstruction'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma']
@entity1763 :: (MESH:D001237,Disease) :: ['Asphyxia']
