To evaluate prospectively the effect on mortality of wine drinking in Eastern France, we conducted an analysis on 34,014 consecutive middle-aged @entity1 coming for a comprehensive health appraisal between 1978 and 1983. We evaluated education, physical activity, smoking, and drinking habits by a questionnaire. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure, serum total @entity165 , and gamma-glutamyltransferase level were routinely measured. Seventy-seven per cent of the subjects drank wine; there was little difference between social classes in this proportion. We evaluated mortality over 10-15 years of follow-up. We estimated the relative risk (RR) of @entity204 by Cox proportional hazard models using nondrinkers as the reference and adjusting for six covariables. For an intake of 22-32 and 33-54 gm of @entity167 per day, the RR of all-cause @entity204 was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.82] and 0.76 (95% CI = 0.66-0.87), respectively. The lower mortality resulted from fewer deaths from @entity65 and @entity5 . Above 128 gm per day of @entity167 consumption, the RR was 1.37 (95% CI = 1.16-1.61). A moderate intake of wine (2-5 glasses per day) was associated with a 24-31% reduction in all-cause mortality, a proportion that was similar for smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers.

@entity167 and mortality in middle-aged XXXX from eastern France.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men'] @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease'] @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']
