BACKGROUND: Accumulating studies on @entity5173 ( @entity5173 ) support the involvement of hemodynamic factors in @entity2791 . Based on a @entity1 -specific @entity5173 model, the present study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic characteristics of transplant @entity2791 (TRAS) and its alteration after stent treatment. METHODS: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) data of kidney transplant recipients in a single transplant center from April 2013 to November 2014 were reviewed. The three-dimensional geometry of transplant renal artery (TRA) was reconstructed from the qualified CTA images and categorized into three groups: the normal, stenotic, and stented groups. Hemodynamic parameters including pressure distribution, velocity, @entity1642 ( @entity1642 ), and mass flow rate (MFR) were extracted. The data of hemodynamic parameters were expressed as median (interquartile range), and Mann-Whitney U-test was used for analysis. RESULTS: Totally, 6 normal, 12 stenotic, and 6 stented TRAs were included in the analysis. TRAS presented nonuniform pressure distribution, adverse pressure gradient across @entity850 throat, flow vortex, and a separation zone at downstream @entity850 . Stenotic arteries had higher maximal velocity and maximal @entity1642 (2.94 [2.14, 3.30] vs. 1.06 [0.89, 1.15] m/s, 256.5 [149.8, 349.4] vs. 41.7 [37.8, 45.3] Pa at end diastole, P= 0.001; 3.25 [2.67, 3.56] vs. 1.65 [1.18, 1.72] m/s, 281.3 [184.3, 364.7] vs. 65.8 [61.2, 71.9] Pa at peak systole, P= 0.001) and lower minimal @entity1642 and MFRs (0.07 [0.03, 0.13] vs. 0.52 [0.45, 0.67] Pa, 1.5 [1.0, 3.0] vs. 11.0 [8.0, 11.3] g/s at end diastole, P= 0.001; 0.08 [0.03, 0.19] vs. 0.70 [0.60, 0.81] Pa, 2.0 [1.3, 3.3] vs. 16.5 [13.0, 20.3] g/s at peak systole, P= 0.001) as compared to normal arteries. Stent implantation ameliorated all the alterations of the above hemodynamic factors except low @entity1642 . CONCLUSIONS: Hemodynamic factors were significantly changed in severe TRAS. Stent implantation can restore or ameliorate deleterious change of hemodynamic factors except low @entity1642 at stent regions.

Hemodynamics in Transplant @entity2791 and its Alteration after Stent Implantation Based on a XXXX -specific Computational Fluid Dynamics Model.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient'] @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery stenosis', 'artery stenosis'] @entity5173 :: ('MESH:D065634', 'Disease') :: ['CFD', 'computational fluid dynamics'] @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis'] @entity1642 :: ('MESH:D015775', 'Disease') :: ['WSS', 'wall shear stress']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patient']
