BACKGROUND: @entity205 ( @entity870 )-induced @entity8 is common after liver transplantation. We evaluated the efficacy of tapering @entity870 to a very low dose and introducing @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) in long-term liver-transplant recipients with @entity8 . In addition, we assessed the impact of this strategy on calcineurin inhibition and on transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta levels. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 19 adult, long-term (>1 year) liver-transplant recipients with a decreased @entity1011 clearance greater than 25% compared with the first month posttransplant. @entity2098 was introduced, and @entity870 was tapered to 25 mg twice daily. Calcineurin inhibition and @entity2533 were measured at baseline and 3 months thereafter. RESULTS: The @entity870 dose was tapered over 13+/-3 weeks. At 1-year follow-up, serum @entity1011 decreased from 141+/-24 to 105+/-22 micromol/L (P=0.002), @entity1011 clearance increased from 53+/-9 to 71+/-19 ml/min (P=0.02), and glomerular filtration rate increased from 40+/-13 to 64+/-18 mL/min (P=0.002). The incidence of acute rejection was 29%. Antihypertensive medications were discontinued in 71% of the @entity1 . Although @entity870 levels decreased significantly, serum @entity2533 did not differ from normal controls, and calcineurin inhibition remained stable. The incidence of gastrointestinal side-effects and @entity1431 was 18% and 24%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In long-term liver-transplant recipients with @entity8 , the introduction of @entity2098 followed by tapering of @entity870 to a very low dose resulted in a significant improvement in renal function. However, this strategy maybe associated with a risk of acute rejection. The clinical pertinence of measuring serum @entity2533 levels and calcineurin inhibition remains to be determined.

Efficacy of XXXX combined with very low-dose @entity205 microemulsion in long-term liver-transplant @entity1 with @entity8 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction'] @entity870 :: ('CHEBI:55379', 'Chemical') :: ['CsA'] @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporine'] @entity2098 :: ('CHEBI:8764', 'Chemical') :: ['MMF'] @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta'] @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil'] @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia'] @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']
@entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']
