OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of dual-energy contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (DE-CESM) for evaluation of suspicious malignant microcalcifications. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-six DE-CESMs were reviewed from 2012-2013, 59 cases fulfilled the following criteria and were enrolled for analysis: (1) suspicious malignant microcalcifications (BI-RADS 4) on mammogram, (2) no related mass, (3) with pathological diagnoses. The microcalcification morphology and associated enhancement were reviewed to analyse the accuracy of the diagnosis and @entity5 size measurements versus the results of pathology. RESULTS: Of the 59 microcalcifications, 22 were diagnosed as @entity5 , 19 were @entity75 and 18 were benign lesions. Twenty (76.9  %) @entity5 , three (11.55  %) atypia and three (11.55  %) benign lesions revealed enhancement. The true-positive rate of intermediate- and high-concern microcalcifications was significantly higher than that of low-concern lesions (93.75  % vs. 50  %). Overall, the diagnostic sensitivity of enhancement was 90.9  %, with 83.78  % specificity, 76.92  % positive predictive value, 93.94  % negative predictive value and 86.4  % accuracy. Performance was good (AUC   =   0.87) according to a ROC curve and @entity5 size correlation with a mean difference of 0.05  cm on a Bland-Altman plot. CONCLUSIONS: DE-CESM provides additional enhancement information for diagnosing @entity0 and measuring @entity5 sizes with high correlation to surgicohistology. KEY POINTS:     DE-CESM provides additional enhancement information for diagnosing suspicious @entity0 .     The enhanced @entity5 size closely correlates to microscopy by Bland-Altman plot.     DE-CESM could be considered for evaluation of suspicious malignant microcalcifications.

Clinical utility of dual-energy contrast-enhanced spectral mammography for XXXX without associated mass: a preliminary analysis.

@entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancers'] @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['atypical lesions'] @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast microcalcifications']
@entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast microcalcifications']
