Inflammatory Bowel @entity31 and @entity30 --are chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases of unknown etiology. @entity8884 , accelerated nutrient losses, increased requirements, and drug-nutrient interactions cause @entity3147 that require proper correction by nutritional therapy. The goals of the different forms of nutritional therapy are to correct nutritional disturbances and to modulate inflammatory response, thus influencing disease activity. Nutritional intervention may improve outcome in certain individuals; however, because of the costs and complications of such therapy, careful selection is warranted. Total parenteral nutrition has been used to correct and prevent nutritional disturbances and to promote bowel rest during active disease, mainly in cases of digestive fistulae with a high output. Its use should be reserved for @entity1 who cannot tolerate enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is effective in inducing clinical remission of disease in adults and promoting growth in @entity1 . Recent research has focused on the use of specific nutrients as primary treatment agents. Although some reports have indicated that @entity1160 , short-chain @entity1718 , antioxidants and immunonutrition with @entity9539 are an important therapeutic alternative in the management of @entity29 , the beneficial reported effects have yet to be translated into the clinical practice. The real efficacy of these nutrients still need further evaluation through prospective and randomized trials.

Pharmacological nutrition in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients'] @entity8884 :: ('MESH:D008286', 'Disease') :: ['Decreased oral intake, malabsorption'] @entity1160 :: ('CHEBI:28300', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamine'] @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['Diseases--ulcerative colitis'] @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases'] @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['nutritional and functional deficiencies'] @entity9539 :: ('MESH:D015525', 'Chemical') :: ['omega-3 fatty acids'] @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids'] @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]
@entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases']
