OBJECTIVE: @entity2743 in pregnancy carries a risk of fetal @entity2743 from the transplacental transfer of thyroid-stimulating antibodies or @entity2241 from transplacental transfer of antithyroid drugs and thyroid-blocking antibodies. STUDY DESIGN: From 1991 through 2002, all pregnant @entity1 with @entity2743 underwent follow-up evaluations that included serial thyroid-stimulating antibody level, thyroid function, and ultrasound examinations. Umbilical blood sampling was recommended if the thyroid-stimulating antibody level was abnormally high or if fetal @entity591 , @entity5651 , @entity1592 , or @entity4 were present. For fetal @entity1378 , the mother received antithyroid drugs; for @entity2241 , maternal antithyroid treatment was reduced, and @entity1955 was injected into the amniotic sac. RESULTS: Of 40000 deliveries, 24 pregnancies (26 fetuses) occurred in 18 @entity1 with @entity2743 . Nine of 14 mothers with positive findings elected umbilical blood sampling. In 4 of the mothers, the results were normal. @entity1378 and @entity1375 were diagnosed in 2 and 3 fetuses, respectively. All the fetuses were treated successfully by the protocol with up to four repeated umbilical blood samplings. No complications were recorded in any of the 20 umbilical blood sampling. In the 5 @entity1 who had only elevated thyroid-stimulating antibody levels and who did not elect umbilical blood sampling, sonographic findings remained normal up to term, and the newborn @entity1 were normal. One of 12 @entity1 (in whose case we did not recommend umbilical blood sampling) was born with @entity1375 caused by maternal @entity5652 treatment. All @entity1 , whose cases were followed for up to 9 years, are normal. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity2743 , umbilical blood sampling in selected cases may improve the control of fetal thyroid function.

XXXX in pregnancy: prospective evaluation of a selective invasive treatment protocol.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients', 'infants'] @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['transient hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism'] @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'thyrotoxicosis'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops'] @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine'] @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroidism'] @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia'] @entity1592 :: ('MESH:D005317', 'Disease') :: ['intrauterine growth retardation'] @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['goiter'] @entity5652 :: ('MESH:D011441', 'Chemical') :: ['propylthiouracil'] @entity2241 :: ('MESH:D005315', 'Disease') :: ['fetal hypothyroidism']
@entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']
