@entity796 produces a low basal level of @entity32168 (0.002 to 0.004 IU/mg of protein when @entity3397 is used as substrate). The @entity32168 specific activity can be increased several hundredfold by growing the bacteria in the presence of @entity3405 antibiotics. This induction was studied in @entity796 1822s. The single-cell resistance to @entity3397 was 750 mug/ml. In liquid culture all concentrations of @entity3397 tested (25 to 2,000 mug/ml) affected the bacteria similarly: @entity32168 formation was induced, the cells became cholate sensitive, growth rate decreased, filaments were formed, and @entity32168 was excreted. The effect appeared earlier the higher the concentration of the antibiotic. Most of the effects obtained are concerned with the functioning of the outer membrane. The excretion of @entity32168 seems to be due to an opening of the periplasmic volume rather than to lysis of the cells. @entity7911 gave the same effects as @entity3397 at the same concentrations; the 10-fold lower resistance to @entity7911 than to @entity3397 can be explained by the inability of the inducible @entity32168 to hydrolyze @entity7911 . The induced @entity32168 was first cell bound and to a great extent located in the periplasmic volume, but later it was excreted into the medium. This extracellular activity was responsible for the detoxification of the medium. This is analogous to the behavior of gram-positive bacteria rather than to that of Enterobacteriaceae.

Effects of sublethal concentrations of @entity3397 on XXXX .

@entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa'] @entity3405 :: ('CHEBI:35627', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-lactam'] @entity32168 :: ('4290808(Tax:287)', 'Gene') :: ['beta-lactamase'] @entity7911 :: ('MESH:D002228', 'Chemical') :: ['carbenicillin', 'Carbenicillin'] @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['benzylpenicillin']
@entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']
