Abstract Background: Closed-loop control of blood @entity413 levels in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 offers the potential to reduce the incidence of @entity6 complications and reduce the @entity1 ' burden, particularly if meals do not need to be announced. We therefore tested a closed-loop algorithm that does not require meal announcement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multiple model probabilistic predictive controller (MMPPC) was assessed on four @entity1 , revised to improve performance, and then assessed on six additional @entity1 . Each inpatient admission lasted for 32   h with five unannounced meals containing approximately 1   g/kg of @entity1735 per admission. The system used an Abbott @entity6 Care (Alameda, CA) Navigator(  ) continuous @entity413 monitor (CGM) and Insulet (Bedford, MA) Omnipod(  ) insulin pump, with the MMPPC implemented through the artificial @entity788 system platform. The controller was initialized only with the @entity1 's total daily dose and daily basal pattern. RESULTS: On a 24-h basis, the first cohort had mean reference and CGM readings of 179 and 167   mg/dL, respectively, with 53% and 62%, respectively, of readings between 70 and 180   mg/dL and four treatments for @entity413 values <70   mg/dL. The second cohort had mean reference and CGM readings of 161 and 142   mg/dL, respectively, with 63% and 78%, respectively, of the time spent euglycemic. There was one controller-induced hypoglycemic episode. For the 30 unannounced meals in the second cohort, the mean reference and CGM premeal, postmeal maximum, and 3-h postmeal values were 139 and 132, 223 and 208, and 168 and 156   mg/dL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The MMPPC, tested in-clinic against repeated, large, unannounced meals, maintained reasonable glycemic control with a mean blood @entity413 level that would equate to a mean glycated hemoglobin value of 7.2%, with only one controller-induced hypoglycemic event occurring in the second cohort.

Inpatient trial of an artificial XXXX based on multiple model probabilistic predictive control with repeated large unannounced meals.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people'] @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes'] @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate'] @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']
@entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreas']
