UNASSIGNED: @entity1290 remain a unique challenge to the endourologists. Treatment options include open surgery, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), retrograde intrarenal surgery, and laparoscopy assisted PNL (LA-PNL). As a minimal invasive option, LA-PNL can decrease the risk for bowel and major @entity130 . Here, we describe our experience using the LA-PNL procedures with different combinations, to treat @entity1290 in multiple @entity1 with a @entity8 ( @entity8 ). Eight @entity1 , with @entity8 , @entity1290 , and no other treatment choice, but open surgery, were included in the study. Two different laparoscopic techniques such as mesocolon dissection and transmesocolic, and four different percutaneous procedures such as standard-PNL, mini-PNL, micro-PNL, and a PNL through the renal pelvis were used for stone extraction in these @entity1 . The mean age of @entity1 was 25.6      12.9  years and mean stone size was 524.1      430.3  mm(2). Mean operation time was 150.5      40.0 (77-210) min which was composed of retrograde catheterization (14.8      2.9  min), laparoscopic procedure (48.7      20.6  min) and PNL procedure (86.8      31.1  min). Residual stones were seen in two @entity1 (no additional treatment was need), while a 'stone-free' procedure was achieved in six @entity1 (75.0  %). On the post-operative first month visit, a stone was observed on radiological examinations in only one @entity1 (87.5  % stone-free). Mean hospitalization time was 2.8      0.9  days. No perioperative or post-operative complication was observed in all @entity1 . LA-PNL surgery is a safe and effective option for treatment of @entity8 stones, and has several alternative approaches.

Laparoscopy assisted percutaneous stone surgery can be performed in multiple ways for pelvic XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity1290 :: ('MESH:D007669', 'Disease') :: ['kidney stones', 'Pelvic kidney stones'] @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['PEK', 'pelvic ectopic kidney'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['vessel injury']
@entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['ectopic kidneys']
