BACKGROUND: @entity2402 ( @entity2402 ) is a rare @entity74 that can affect the breast. A total of nine cases of breast involvement have been described in the literature, but there is currently no consensus in the best therapeutic approach. The objective of this study was to examine @entity1 outcomes with such therapies in @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2402 of the breast. METHODS: Consecutive cases of @entity2402 of the breast were retrospectively reviewed including @entity1 demographic variables, diagnostic criteria and type of therapies. A successful outcome was defined as complete @entity446 of chronic open breast wounds and absence of disease recurrence after cessation of therapy. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity1 (mean age, 48.4 years) diagnosed with @entity2402 of the breast were identified between 2004 and 2012. The diagnosis was confirmed with skin biopsy in 12 @entity1 and clinical diagnosis in the remaining ten @entity1 . The majority of @entity1 were @entity28 [68.2% (15/22), average body mass index (BMI), 36.9 kg/m(2)] and at the time of diagnosis, 27.3% of @entity1 were active smokers (6/22). Only two @entity1 (9.1%) received @entity10211 , neither had full recovery and both @entity1 showed recurrence when taken off of therapy. Other medical therapies showed less to no improvement. Two @entity1 underwent successful surgical treatment. One @entity1 had a successful outcome following breast reduction, although her postoperative course was complicated with delayed wound @entity446 . The other @entity1 presented with recurrence of @entity2402 following breast reduction, and was successfully managed with bilateral simple mastectomies. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that @entity2402 of the breast is associated with @entity21879 , @entity28 and @entity286 use. @entity10211 therapy is published as having favorable outcomes to other therapies, but in this series only appears to reduce symptoms rather than eradicate @entity2402 . Our findings indicate that other medical therapies have been attempted with limited success. Surgical management of @entity2402 of the breast may provide definitive treatment.

XXXX of the breast: a series of 22 cases from a single institution.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco'] @entity2402 :: ('MESH:D010015', 'Disease') :: ['DDA', 'Diffuse dermal angiomatosis'] @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity'] @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['isotretinoin', 'Isotretinoin'] @entity21879 :: ('MESH:C536821', 'Disease') :: ['macromastia'] @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous disorder'] @entity446 :: ('MESH:C563468', 'Disease') :: ['healing']
@entity2402 :: (MESH:D010015,Disease) :: ['Diffuse dermal angiomatosis']
