@entity113 is a nonpitting @entity4 of which the presentation ranges from benign @entity4 to @entity1224 managed by intubation or tracheotomy. The presentation of this disease is reviewed, and a treatment algorithm based on initial signs and symptoms is proposed for proper airway management. We performed a retrospective review of 108 @entity1 treated in 2 tertiary care centers in the Washington, DC, area over a 5-year period. Ninety-eight @entity1 (90.7%) were African-American, and 81 (75%) were female. Seventy-four @entity1 (68.5%) were taking @entity1289 inhibitors (ACEIs). A classification system was developed based on the location of the @entity4 at initial presentation: 1) isolated @entity4 and oral cavity @entity4 , excluding the floor of the mouth; 2) @entity2133 and/or @entity4 , and 3) @entity4 with glottic and/or supraglottic involvement. Fourteen @entity1 (13%) needed airway intervention, 2 of whom underwent a cricothyrotomy after a failed intubation attempt. Eleven (78.6%) were taking ACEIs. The indication for each intubation was massive tongue and @entity2133 @entity4 . The @entity1 were extubated 48 to 72 hours later. No @entity1 demonstrated symptom progression after medical treatment was initiated. Therapy included discontinuation of the ACEI or other inciting agent, a high-humidity face tent, an initial dose of intravenous antihistamines, and a continued course of intravenous @entity230 . Within 48 hours, most @entity1 had a resolution of their @entity4 . Only cases of significant tongue and @entity4 took longer than 48 hours to resolve. The ACEIs are a common cause of @entity113 . Left untreated, @entity113 may progress to involve the oropharynx and supraglottis, resulting in a life-threatening airway compromise. Marked @entity2133 and tongue @entity4 are the indications for airway intervention. An algorithm based on the initial presentation is essential for proper airway and @entity1 management. Once treatment has begun, @entity113 is nonprogressive and often resolves within 24 to 48 hours.

XXXX inhibitor-induced @entity113 : a multicenter review and an algorithm for airway management.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient'] @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme'] @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['facial swelling', 'edema', 'oropharyngeal edema'] @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['floor of mouth'] @entity113 :: ('MESH:D000799', 'Disease') :: ['angioedema', 'Angioedema'] @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids'] @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']
@entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['Angiotensin-converting enzyme']
