BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity11755 ( @entity11755 ) is characterized by @entity1949 , resulting in motor activity during dreams. Studies estimate that approximately half of @entity1 with @entity11755 will eventually develop @entity191 ( @entity191 ), so @entity11755 may be an indicator of presymptomatic @entity191 . Several potential early diagnostic markers of @entity191 have been proposed, but they have generally not been tested in presymptomatic @entity191 . The authors hypothesized that these markers may be abnormal in idiopathic @entity11755 . METHODS: The authors compared 25 @entity1 with polysomnography-confirmed @entity11755 without @entity191 with age- and sex-matched controls. Color vision, olfaction, quantitative motor testing, and indices of @entity308 , @entity1314 , and autonomic function were examined. RESULTS: @entity1 demonstrated significant impairment in color discrimination and olfactory function. @entity1 had @entity854 on quantitative testing of motor and gait speed. Autonomic symptoms were more common in @entity1 than controls. Abnormalities were heterogeneous, with some @entity1 scoring normally on all domains, whereas others were severely impaired on multiple domains. Dysfunction on tests of olfactory function, color vision, and motor speed were highly correlated, such that @entity1 who performed poorly on one test tended to perform poorly on the others. CONCLUSIONS: Many potential early markers of @entity191 are significantly abnormal in @entity11755 . These abnormalities are present in approximately half of the @entity1 , suggesting a heterogenous pathophysiology.

Potential early markers of XXXX in @entity11755 .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality'] @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['loss of atonia during REM sleep'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression'] @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease', 'PD'] @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['subtle abnormalities'] @entity11755 :: ('MESH:D020187', 'Disease') :: ['REM sleep behavior disorder', 'idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder', 'RBD']
@entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson disease']
