BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The incidence of @entity3604 is lower in countries in the Mediterranean basin. Virgin olive oil, a key component of the Mediterranean Diet (MDiet), with recognised beneficial effects on metabolism and cardiovascular health, may decrease the risk of @entity3604 . The aim to this study was to explore the effect of chronic consumption of total olive oil and its varieties on the risk of @entity170 -related @entity174 in a middle-aged and elderly Mediterranean population. METHODS: We included all @entity1 (n  =  870) recruited in the Reus (Spain) centre of the PREvenci  n con DIeta MEDiterr  nea (PREDIMED) trial. Individuals, aged 55-80  years at high cardiovascular risk, were randomized to a MedDiet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a MedDiet supplemented with nuts, or a low-fat diet. The present analysis was an observational cohort study nested in the trial. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary habits and olive oil consumption. Information on total @entity3604 was obtained from a systematic review of medical records. The association between yearly repeated measurements of olive oil consumption and @entity174 risk was assessed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards. RESULTS: We documented 114 incident cases of @entity170 -related @entity174 during a median follow-up of 8.9 years. Treatment allocation had no effect on @entity174 risk. @entity1 in the highest tertile of extra-virgin olive oil consumption had a 51% lower risk of @entity174 (HR:0.49; 95% CI:0.29-0.81. P for trend  =  0.004) compared to those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for potential confounders. Total and @entity4135 oil consumption was not associated with @entity174 risk. CONCLUSIONS: Higher consumption of extra-virgin olive oil is associated with a lower risk of @entity170 -related @entity174 in middle-aged and elderly Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.

Extra virgin olive oil consumption reduces the risk of XXXX in the PREDIMED trial.

@entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic fractures'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants'] @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture'] @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis'] @entity4135 :: ('4146', 'Species') :: ['common olive']
@entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['osteoporotic fractures']
