BACKGROUND: Treatment guidelines for typical @entity5 recommend observation alone after resection of stage I-IIIA disease, but there are limited data related to the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in the setting of nodal metastases found at operation. METHODS: @entity1 in the National Cancer Data Base (NDCB) who underwent lobectomy for typical @entity4303 and had metastatic nodal disease were stratified by the use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared between groups. Next, @entity1 were propensity matched using a 3:1 nearest-neighbor algorithm, and adjusted outcomes were compared. Finally, long-term survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method with comparisons based on the log-rank test. RESULTS: Overall, 4,612 @entity1 were identified, among whom 629 (13.6%) had positive lymph nodes at the time of operation. Of them, adjuvant chemotherapy was used in 37 @entity1 (5.9%). There were no baseline differences between @entity1 who did and those who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 treated with chemotherapy demonstrated a survival disadvantage at 5 years (69.7% versus 81.9%; p  = 0.042). After propensity matching, all baseline characteristics between groups were highly similar. There remained a trend toward inferior 5-year survival for @entity1 who received adjuvant chemotherapy, although the difference no longer met statistical significance (69.7% versus 80.9%; p  =  0.096). CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant chemotherapy is not associated with improved survival among @entity1 who undergo lobectomy for @entity4303 and nodal metastases. These data support current treatment guidelines.

Defining the Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Lobectomy for Typical XXXX .

@entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients'] @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['typical carcinoids', 'carcinoid']
@entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Bronchopulmonary Carcinoid Tumors']
