UNASSIGNED: Nefopam is a non-opioid, non-steroidal, centrally acting analgesic drug used to prevent @entity282 , primarily in the context of multimodal @entity1337 . This paper reviews preclinical and clinical studies in which nefopam has been combined with opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds, and @entity1443 . The focus of this report is the literature during the last decade and a discussion of translational efforts between animal and clinical studies in the context of multimodal or balanced @entity1337 . In preclinical rodent models of acute and @entity158 , nefopam combinations including opioids revealed a synergistic interaction or enhanced @entity1286 @entity1337 in 6 out of 7 studies. Nefopam combinations including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( @entity117 , @entity7988 or @entity9695 ) or @entity1443 likewise showed enhanced analgesic effects for the associated compound in all instances. Clinical studies have been performed in various types of surgeries involving different @entity158 intensities. Nefopam combinations including opioids resulted in a reduction in @entity1286 consumption in 8 out of 10 studies of severe or moderate @entity158 . Nefopam combinations including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( @entity7988 or @entity12803 ) or @entity1443 also demonstrated a synergic interaction or an enhancement of the analgesic effect of the associated compound. In conclusion, this review of nefopam combinations including various analgesic drugs (opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and @entity1443 ) reveals that enhanced @entity1337 was demonstrated in most preclinical and clinical studies, suggesting a role for nefopam in multimodal @entity1337 based on its distinct characteristics as an analgesic. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the analgesic effects of nefopam combinations including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or @entity1443 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Nefopam XXXX and its role in multimodal @entity1337 : A review of preclinical and clinical studies.

@entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen'] @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin'] @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia'] @entity12803 :: ('MESH:C032801', 'Chemical') :: ['tenoxicam'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory pain', 'pain'] @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine'] @entity9695 :: ('MESH:C012655', 'Chemical') :: ['nimesulide'] @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol'] @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']
@entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']
