Three broad categories of pharmacologic support that enhance myocardial contractility and modify organ blood flow are reviewed. Appropriate selection among these compounds will minimize the occurrence of adverse effects. The @entity2661 increase cardiac work and myocardial @entity26 demand. In the setting of a failing ventricle, the increase in @entity26 requirement may be balanced by improved coronary blood flow. Problems associated with @entity2661 include @entity591 , induction of @entity943 , and unsuitable vasoconstriction. @entity1425 and @entity3044 are most likely to increase heart rate excessively. @entity1063 is most likely to be associated with poor tissue perfusion. @entity11073 , a @entity9547 , has a favorable effect on @entity26 balance in the failing ventricle and is unlikely to produce @entity591 or @entity943 . Principal concerns are the potential for accumulation in the @entity1 with @entity881 and the lack of pharmacokinetic information in critically ill @entity1 , including @entity1 . @entity882 may be a problem as well. Digitalis glycosides are venerable drugs. Acute and chronic @entity137 are problems that the intensivist is called on to treat frequently. Therapy with digitalis @entity1334 fragments is now routine for severe @entity8769 and should improve outcome.

Inotropic agents. @entity2661 , digoxin, XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient'] @entity9547 :: ('CHEBI:35545', 'Chemical') :: ['bipyridine'] @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity'] @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia'] @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['Epinephrine'] @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen'] @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia'] @entity1334 :: ('2187', 'Gene') :: ['Fab'] @entity11073 :: ('MESH:D000676', 'Chemical') :: ['Amrinone'] @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ system failure'] @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol'] @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine'] @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines'] @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['dysrhythmias'] @entity8769 :: ('MESH:D000435', 'Disease') :: ['intoxications']
@entity11073 :: (MESH:D000676,Chemical) :: ['amrinone']
