UNASSIGNED: Inflammation is a condition stemming from complex host defense and tissue repair mechanisms, often simply characterized by plasma levels of a single acute reactant. We attempted to identify candidate biomarkers of systemic @entity32 within the plasma proteome. We applied quantitative proteomics using isobaric mass tags (iTRAQ) tandem mass spectrometry to quantify proteins in plasma of 500 Nepalese @entity1 6-8 years of age. We evaluated those that co-vary with @entity32 , indexed by a-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), a conventional biomarker of @entity32 in population studies. Among 982 proteins quantified in >10% of samples, 99 were strongly associated with AGP at a family-wise error rate of 0.1%. Magnitude and significance of association varied more among proteins positively (n = 41) than negatively associated (n = 58) with AGP. The former included known positive acute phase proteins including @entity1851 , serum amyloid A, complement components, protease inhibitors, transport proteins with anti-oxidative activity, and numerous unexpected intracellular signaling molecules. Negatively associated proteins exhibited distinct differences in abundance between secretory hepatic proteins involved in transporting or binding lipids, micronutrients ( @entity904 and @entity460 ), growth factors and sex hormones, and proteins of largely extra-hepatic origin involved in the formation and metabolic regulation of extracellular matrix. With the same analytical approach and the significance threshold, seventy-two out of the 99 proteins were commonly associated with CRP, an established biomarker of @entity32 , suggesting the validity of the identified proteins. Our findings have revealed a vast plasma proteome within a free-living population of @entity1 that comprise functional biomarkers of homeostatic and induced host defense, nutrient metabolism and tissue repair, representing a set of plasma proteins that may be used to assess dynamics and extent of @entity32 for future clinical and public health application.

Plasma Proteome Biomarkers of Inflammation in School Aged XXXX in Nepal.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children'] @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation'] @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A'] @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium'] @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']
