BACKGROUND: This overview is aimed at clinicians working with @entity1 in the fertile age who suffer from @entity308 . The study of adverse effects of antidepressants on the foetus is hampered by difficulty in distinguishing between the behavioural changes that are related to the disorder itself and changes that accompany its treatment with antidepressants. The current lack of solid scientific knowledge and the implications, mainly emotional, of treating pregnant or breast-feeding @entity1 often raise @entity148 and cause concern among @entity1 and clinicians. METHODS: Currently available data are evaluated and clinical recommendations given. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: @entity837 and @entity3756 can be used during pregnancy, while some controversy remains over in utero exposure to @entity903 and @entity905 , which might be associated with an increased risk of foetal @entity65 . Less data is available concerning @entity3755 and @entity837 use but current data does not indicate a specific risk. @entity837 , @entity903 and @entity3756 can be used during breast-feeding, while @entity905 probably should be avoided. @entity5080 , @entity3659 and @entity8991 can be used during pregnancy and lactation, although data are more abundant for SSRI treatment. @entity906 can be used during pregnancy, while caution is advised during breast-feeding. Other antidepressants should be avoided because of lack of data on their effect. A strongly indicated @entity1091 therapy should be continued. Close monitoring of @entity1091 levels throughout pregnancy is mandatory, as is detailed foetal echocardiography in weeks 18-22 of gestation. @entity1091 should not be used during breast-feeding. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a valid option if indicated, both during pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Pharmacological treatment of XXXX during pregnancy and breast-feeding--a clinical overview.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients'] @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorders'] @entity8991 :: ('MESH:D002997', 'Chemical') :: ['clomipramine'] @entity905 :: ('MESH:D005473', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoxetine'] @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline'] @entity5080 :: ('MESH:D009661', 'Chemical') :: ['Nortriptyline'] @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine'] @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine'] @entity3756 :: ('MESH:D020280', 'Chemical') :: ['sertraline'] @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['Citalopram', 'escitalopram'] @entity1091 :: ('MESH:D008094', 'Chemical') :: ['Lithium', 'lithium'] @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety'] @entity906 :: ('MESH:C047426', 'Chemical') :: ['Venlafaxine'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular malformation']
@entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['unipolar depression']
