BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity65 are the number 1 cause of @entity204 globally. Cardiac catheterization is a key step in the diagnosis and management of @entity65 . Decreasing the stress of cardiac catheterization is a key factor in improving @entity1 ' well-being. The aim of the study was to explore the effect of music on psychophysiological indices in @entity1 awaiting cardiac catheterization examination. METHODS: Using a 2-group repeated-measures design, 54 subjects aged 47 to 70 years and scheduled for cardiac catheterization examination were recruited. The subjects were randomly assigned to either the music group (27 subjects) or the usual-care group (27 subjects). Subjects in the music group listened to 30 minutes of music, whereas the usual-care group rested quietly, as in routine care. The heart rate (HR), HR variability, and skin temperature (ST) were measured at 7 time points and were recorded by the MP150 recording system (BIOPAC Systems, Inc, Goleta, California). Heart rate variability was analyzed by power spectral analysis: low frequency, high frequency, and ratio of low frequency to high frequency. The state of @entity148 was measured at baseline and at time 7. At the end of the study, the subjects' music preference was evaluated using a visual analog scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Listening to music resulted in a significantly reduced state of @entity148 (P = .003). Both the music and quiet rest groups noted the beneficial effects of decreased HR and increased ST (all P < .001). The treatment effects of both interventions on HR variability were inconclusive. Moreover, we also found that the higher the scores of the music preference, the lower the subjects' perceived @entity148 level (P = .05). Our findings provide the necessary scientific support for the use of sedative music and quiet rest as safe and effective interventions against @entity148 , as manifested in the subjects' @entity148 , HR, and ST.

Psychophysiological responses to sedative music in XXXX awaiting cardiac catheterization examination: a randomized controlled trial.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death'] @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety', 'anxiety state'] @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases', 'Cardiovascular diseases']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']
