INTRODUCTION: @entity33 induced by anti-neoplastic drugs is an important, dose-limiting and costly side-effect of @entity5 therapy. AIM: To evaluate the effect of the topical application of @entity12557 ( @entity12558 ), a @entity842 donor, on @entity1487 ( @entity1487 )-induced @entity3136 in hamsters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity3136 was induced in male hamsters by two intraperitoneal administrations of @entity1487 on the first and second days of the experiment (60 and 40 mg/kg, respectively) followed by mechanical @entity130 on the fourth day. Animals received saline, HPMC or HPMC/ @entity12558 (0.1, 0.5 or 2.0 mM) 1 h prior to the @entity1487 injection and twice a day for 10 or 14 days. Samples of cheek pouches were harvested for: histopathological analysis, @entity310 and @entity1356 levels, immunohistochemical staining for @entity3623 , @entity310 , @entity1356 , Ki67 and @entity2533 RII and a TUNEL assay. The presence and levels of 39 bacterial taxa were analyzed using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. The profiles of NO released from the HPMC/ @entity12558 formulations were characterized using chemiluminescence. RESULTS: The HPMC/ @entity12558 formulations were found to provide sustained release of NO for more than 4 h at concentration-dependent rates of 14 to 80 nmol/mL/h. Treatment with HPMC/ @entity12558 (0.5 mM) significantly reduced @entity16 , inflammatory alterations and cell death associated with @entity1487 -induced @entity3136 on day 14 but not on day 10. HPMC/ @entity12558 administration also reversed the inhibitory effect of @entity1487 on cell proliferation on day 14. In addition, we observed that the chemotherapy significantly increased the levels and/or prevalence of several bacterial species. CONCLUSION: Topical HPMC/ @entity12558 accelerates mucosal recovery, reduces inflammatory parameters, speeds up re-epithelization and decreases levels of @entity9645 .

XXXX accelerates recovery from @entity1487 -induced @entity3136 .

@entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis', 'Oral mucositis'] @entity12557 :: ('MESH:D026422', 'Chemical') :: ['S-nitrosoglutathione'] @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['IL-1b'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer'] @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma'] @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['TNF-a'] @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['Mucositis'] @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['mucosal damage'] @entity9645 :: ('MESH:D019226', 'Disease') :: ['periodontopathic species in mucosal ulcers'] @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-b'] @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide'] @entity12558 :: ('CHEBI:50091', 'Chemical') :: ['GSNO'] @entity3623 :: ('4843', 'Gene') :: ['iNOS'] @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-FU', '5-fluorouracil']
@entity12557 :: (MESH:D026422,Chemical) :: ['S-nitrosoglutathione']
