BACKGROUND: Adrenergic drugs have been used for the treatment of @entity322 . However, they have generally been considered to be ineffective or to have side effects which may limit their clinical use. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of adrenergic agonists in the treatment of @entity322 in adults. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Incontinence Group trials register (January 2002) and the reference lists of relevant articles. Date of the most recent searches: January 2002. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials which include an adrenergic agonist drug in at least one arm for adults with @entity322 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility, trial quality and extracted data. Data were processed as described in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. MAIN RESULTS: Fifteen randomised trials were identified, which included 832 @entity1 , of whom 506 received an adrenergic drug ( @entity8403 in 11 trials, @entity21172 in two and @entity16959 in another two). Of these, six were crossover trials. No trials included @entity1 . The limited evidence suggested that an adrenergic agonist drug is better than placebo in reducing number of pad changes and @entity322 episodes, as well as improvement in subjective symptoms. The drugs also appeared to be better than pelvic floor muscle training in two small trials, possibly reflecting relative acceptability of the treatments to @entity1 but perhaps due to differential withdrawal of @entity1 from the trial groups. There was not enough evidence to evaluate the use of higher compared to lower doses of adrenergic agonists nor the relative merits of an adrenergic agonist drug compared with @entity2931 , whether used alone or in combination. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There was weak evidence to suggest that use of an adrenergic agonist is better than placebo treatment. There was not enough evidence to assess the effects of adrenergic agonists when compared to or combined with other treatments. @entity1 using adrenergic agonists may suffer from minor side effects, only occasionally leading them to stop treatment. Rare but serious side effects such as @entity943 and @entity101 have been reported, however.

Adrenergic drugs for XXXX in adults.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'men'] @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence'] @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension'] @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen'] @entity8403 :: ('MESH:D010665', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylpropanolamine'] @entity16959 :: ('MESH:D002976', 'Chemical') :: ['Clenbuterol'] @entity21172 :: ('MESH:D008879', 'Chemical') :: ['Midodrine'] @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']
@entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']
