INTRODUCTION: There is increasing interest in using imaging in the detection and localization of @entity263 ( @entity263 ). Both multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and HistoScanning (HS) have been independently evaluated in the detection and localization of @entity263 . We undertook a prospective, blinded comparison of mpMRI and HS for @entity5 localization among @entity1 undergoing radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Following approval by the institutional review board, @entity1 scheduled to undergo radical prostatectomy, who had previously undergone mpMRI at our institution, were offered inclusion in the study. Those consenting underwent preoperative HS following induction of anesthesia; mpMRI, HS, and surgical step-section pathology were independently read by a single radiologist, urologist, and pathologist, respectively, in a blinded fashion. Disease maps created by each independent reader were compared and evaluated for concordance by a 5 @entity1 committee consisting of 2 urologists, 2 pathologists, and 1 radiologist. Logistic regression for correlated data was used to assess and compare mpMRI and HS in terms of diagnostic accuracy for @entity5 detection. Generalized estimating equations based on binary logistic regression were used to model concordance between reader opinion and the reference standard assessment of the same lesion site or region as a function of imaging modality. RESULTS: Data from 31/35 @entity1 enrolled in the trial were deemed to be evaluable. On evaluation of @entity5 localization, HS identified @entity5 in 36/78 (46.2%) regions of interest, as compared with 41/78 (52.6%) on mpMRI (P = 0.3968). The overall accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and specificity for detection of disease within a region of interest were significantly better with mpMRI as compared with HS. HS detected 36/84 (42.9%) @entity5 foci as compared with 42/84 (50%) detected by mpMRI (P = 0.3678). Among @entity5 with Gleason score>6, mpMRI detected 19/22 (86.4%) whereas HS detected only 11/22 (50%, P = 0.0078). Similarly, among @entity5 >10mm in maximal diameter, mpMRI detected 28/34 (82.4%) whereas HS detected only 19/34 (55.9%, P = 0.0352). CONCLUSION: In our institution, the diagnostic accuracy of HS was inferior to that of mpMRI in @entity263 for @entity263 detection and localization. Although our study warrants validation from larger cohorts, it would suggest that the HS protocol requires further refinement before clinical implementation.

A prospective comparative analysis of the accuracy of HistoScanning and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the localization of @entity263 among XXXX undergoing radical prostatectomy.

@entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors'] @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['persons', 'men'] @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'PCa']
@entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']
