BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled studies suggested that aerosolized iloprost, a stable analogue of @entity4770 , causes selective pulmonary vasodilatation and improves hemodynamics and exercise capacity in @entity1 with @entity120 . METHODS: We compared repeated daily inhalations of 2.5 or 5.0 microg of iloprost (six or nine times per day; median inhaled dose, 30 microg per day) with inhalation of placebo. A total of 203 @entity1 with selected forms of severe @entity120 and chronic @entity120 (New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class III or IV) were included. The primary end point was met if, after week 12, the NYHA class and distance walked in six minutes were improved by at least one class and at least 10 percent, respectively, in the absence of clinical deterioration according to predefined criteria and @entity204 . RESULTS: The combined clinical end point was met by 16.8 percent of the @entity1 receiving iloprost, as compared with 4.9 percent of the @entity1 receiving placebo (P=0.007). There were increases in the distance walked in six minutes of 36.4 m in the iloprost group as a whole (P=0.004) and of 58.8 m in the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity120 . Overall, 4.0 percent of @entity1 in the iloprost group (including one who died) and 13.7 percent of those in the placebo group (including four who died) did not complete the study (P=0.024); the most common reason for withdrawal was clinical deterioration. As compared with base-line values, hemodynamic values were significantly improved at 12 weeks when measured after iloprost inhalation (P<0.001), were largely unchanged when measured before iloprost inhalation, and were significantly worse in the placebo group. Further significant beneficial effects of iloprost treatment included an improvement in the NYHA class (P=0.03), @entity1353 (P=0.015), and quality of life (P=0.026). @entity1163 occurred with similar frequency in the two groups but was more frequently rated as serious in the iloprost group, although this adverse effect was not associated with clinical deterioration. CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled iloprost is an effective therapy for @entity1 with severe @entity120 .

Inhaled iloprost for severe XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['dyspnea'] @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'pulmonary arterial hypertension', 'thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension', 'primary pulmonary hypertension'] @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['Syncope'] @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['prostacyclin'] @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death']
@entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pulmonary hypertension']
