@entity5967 strains or @entity1892 ( @entity1892 ) are the leading cause of bacterial @entity55 , @entity295 and @entity693 in neonates. @entity1892 is also a major cause of bacteriemia in pregnant @entity1 . Colonization of the @entity1 rectovaginal tract with @entity1892 is a risk factor associated with @entity5870 and transmission of the infection to the @entity1 . Neonatal exposure to high concentrations of @entity1892 , mainly during vaginal delivery, leads to colonisation of the lung airways and subsequent onset of severe @entity55 , @entity295 and menigitis. @entity1892 is present in the genitourinary tract of 10% to 40% of pregnant @entity1 , about 50% of the newborns of these mothers will be colonised during delivery and of these neonates, 1% to 2% present a severe invasive disease. The early-onset disease, appear in the neonates within 7 days of life and more than 90% occur within the first day of life. @entity281 is associated commonly with fulminat and overwhelming early-onset disease. @entity7310 chemoprophylaxis is able to prevent the transmission of @entity1892 to the newborn and to reduce the frequency and the severity of early onset disease. In many countries, in particular in US, several recommendations have been proposed to prevent the perinatal @entity2623 . In this paper some recommendations to prevent @entity1892 of the newborn, performed in collaboration with Italian Society of Perinatal Medicine, are presented. The most important problem in the prevention programme is the identification of the cases to treat, since it is not possible to give antibiotics to all the @entity1 . We combine two strategies for the identification of the @entity1 to be treated, one risk based and the other screening based. Intra-partum administration of @entity869 or @entity114 is recommended for the @entity1 with one or more risk-factors (labour < 37 weeks of gestation, duration of ruptured membranes > = 18 hours, intrapartum temperature > = 38 degrees C, previous @entity1 with invasive @entity1892 , @entity6 ) and for @entity1 with collect vaginal and rectal swab for @entity1892 culture at 36-38 weeks' gestation, positive for @entity1892 . No treatment is required for the babies of @entity1 intrapartum treated or with negative culture performed near term. Treatment with @entity869 is necessary, only in the new-borns of @entity1 with incomplete or unknown results or not done cultures and in those born from mothers with positive cultures, but not intrapartum treated. Collection of swabs for @entity1892 is recommended before antibiotic administration. If the culture is negative, we suggest to stop the antibiotic therapy, otherwise the treatment must be continuated for 5-7 days. In conclusion, a written protocol for prevention of @entity2623 in new-born must be adopted in every delivery centre and one possible protocol is proposed in this paper.

[Prevention of XXXX caused by group B beta-hemolytic @entity5967 ].

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'infant'] @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['sepsis'] @entity5967 :: ('1311', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus agalactiae'] @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoniae', 'diseases like pneumonia'] @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes'] @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin'] @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis'] @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis'] @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['Fatal infection'] @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['GBS', 'GBS disease', 'group B streptococci'] @entity2623 :: ('MESH:C531629', 'Disease') :: ['GBS infection'] @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin'] @entity7310 :: ('MESH:C536469', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal-intrapartum']
@entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['perinatal infection']
