OBJECTIVES: To evaluate 12-month treatment patterns, healthcare resource use (HCRU), and costs for @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ), following initiation of index @entity2874 ( @entity2874 ) and subsequent biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of adults with @entity309 newly initiating @entity2874 in the Truven Marketscan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental Databases during 2010-2013. A sub-group of @entity1 who switched to a bDMARD within 12 months post-index and within 180 days of last index @entity2874 were subsequently evaluated over 12 months. @entity2874 /bDMARD treatment patterns were characterized as: continuers, no gap >180 days in prescription/administration of index @entity2874 ; discontinuers, gap >180 days; switchers, initiated new bDMARD. Concomitant conventional synthetic DMARD use, co-morbid chronic illnesses, and @entity309 severity were assessed. All-cause/ @entity309 -related HCRU and costs were evaluated 12 months post-index. RESULTS: Of 9567 identified @entity1 , 67.2%, 17.3%, and 15.4% were continuers, discontinuers, and switchers, respectively. Switchers had the highest 12-month unadjusted mean all-cause costs of  34,585 vs  33,051 for continuers (p   =   0.1158) and  24,915 for discontinuers (p   <   0.0001; discontinuers vs continuers, p   <   0.0001). @entity309 -related costs comprised 82.8%, 31.4%, and 85.7% of total costs for continuers, discontinuers, and switchers, respectively. Of 764 switchers, 68.2% switched to alternative @entity2874 (cyclers), the rest to @entity3257 ; 36.7% of @entity1 who switched to @entity2874 switched again (to third-line bDMARD) vs 27.6% (p   =   0.0313) of those who switched to @entity3257 . Switchers to @entity3257 had higher mean 12-month all-cause costs of  76,580 compared with  50,689 for switchers to alternative @entity2874 (p   <   0.0001); biologic-administration visits comprised 78.8% of the greater total @entity309 -related costs of switchers to @entity3257 . CONCLUSIONS: Real-world @entity2874 discontinuation/switching rates correspond to randomized controlled trial non-response rates. @entity2874 cycling is common and associated with an increased likelihood of switching to third-line bDMARD. Switching to @entity3257 was associated with higher costs, mostly attributed to in-office administrations.

Real-world evaluation of TNF-inhibitor utilization in XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients'] @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-TNFi bDMARDs'] @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA'] @entity2874 :: ('MESH:C536657', 'Disease') :: ['TNFi', 'TNF inhibitors']
@entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']
