The mechanism of @entity9178 ( @entity378 ) infection remains elusive. Several host factors that are involved in this complex process were previously identified. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous    22 nt RNAs that play important regulatory roles in a wide range of biological processes. Several studies demonstrated the clinical usefulness of miRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in various @entity5 and in a few nonmalignant diseases. To study the role of miRNAs in the transition from latent to active @entity378 and to discover candidate biomarkers of this transition, we used @entity1 miRNA microarrays to probe the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in @entity1 with active @entity378 , @entity9178 ( @entity9178 ), and healthy controls. Using the software package BRB Array Tools for data analyses, 17 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the three groups (P<0.01). Hierarchical clustering of the 17 miRNAs expression profiles showed that individuals with active @entity378 clustered independently of individuals with @entity9178 or from healthy controls. Using the predicted target genes and previously published genome-wide transcriptional profiles, we constructed the regulatory networks of miRNAs that were differentially expressed between active @entity378 and @entity9178 . The regulatory network revealed that several miRNAs, with previously established functions in hematopoietic cell differentiation and their target genes may be involved in the transition from latent to active @entity378 . These results increase the understanding of the molecular basis of @entity9178 and confirm that some miRNAs may control gene expression of pathways that are important for the pathogenesis of this @entity166 .

Comparative miRNA expression profiles in individuals with latent and active XXXX .

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human'] @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies'] @entity9178 :: ('MESH:D055985', 'Disease') :: ['LTBI', 'latent TB infection', 'latent tuberculosis'] @entity378 :: ('MESH:D014376', 'Disease') :: ['TB'] @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']
@entity378 :: (MESH:D014376,Disease) :: ['tuberculosis']
