OBJECTIVES: To describe workers with @entity1643 , to identify risk factors and to assess the occupational consequences separately in @entity1 and @entity1 . METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted between 1 October 1996 and 31 December 1996 in a sample of workers selected at random from all types of small companies in the Paris area. A group of 202 occupational physicians interviewed 7129 workers with a standardised questionnaire including the Nordic questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by sex in the two groups: with @entity1643 over the previous 12 months. The group with @entity1643 was then divided into four subgroups: mild cases (without referred @entity158 ), moderate cases (with referred @entity158 above the knee), serious cases (with referred @entity158 below the knee), and @entity1643 with occupational consequences. RESULTS: 7010 questionnaires were able to be evaluated. The sample consisted of 54.8% of @entity1 (3842) and 45.2% of @entity1 (3168), with a mean age of 37.8 and 37.0 years, respectively (p < 0.05). The following risk factors occurred significantly more often in @entity1 : high weight, height, body mass index (BMI), smoking, number of @entity1 , increased driving time and work time, material handling tasks, uncomfortable working positions. Most @entity1 were clerks (53%). Non-conditional logistic regression applied to the whole sample identified female sex as a risk factor (odds ratio (OR) = 1.85, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.58 to 2.13). The following risk factors were common to both sexes: lifting weights > 10 kg, in @entity1 (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.25) and in @entity1 (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.53), uncomfortable working positions (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.17 and OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.69 to 2.43), and absence of means to achieve good quality work (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.63 and OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.65), respectively. Driving was a risk factor only in @entity1 and its importance increased with driving time (driving > 4 hours a day (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.09)). Severe @entity1643 was linked to female sex (10.2% of @entity1 v 6.6% of @entity1 ), high BMI, aging, and uncomfortable working positions. @entity1643 with occupational consequences (n = 258) was not linked to sex, but only to aging and severity. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and severity of @entity1643 were higher in @entity1 , although they seemed to be less exposed to known occupational risk factors. However, our results indicate a preponderance of these risk factors among female workers. Particular attention must therefore be paid to lifting of weights and uncomfortable working positions in female jobs (clerk, trading, health care staff).

Analysis by sex of XXXX among workers from small companies in the Paris area: severity and occupational consequences.

@entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'men'] @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain and without low back pain', 'Low back pain', 'low back pain', 'low back symptoms'] @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain']
@entity1643 :: (MESH:D017116,Disease) :: ['low back pain']
