Bevacizumab and Lapatinib in Children With Recurrent or Refractory Ependymoma
Condition: Brain Cancer; Pediatric Cancers
MeSH terms: Ependymoma; Brain Neoplasms
Intervention: Bevacizumab; Lapatinib
Intervention description: 10 mg/kg given by vein over 90 minutes for first injection (30-60 minutes for subsequent doses) every 2 weeks while on study (2 times during each 4-week "study cycle").; Pills of 700 mg/m^2/dose given orally 2 times each day.
Intervention MeSH terms: Bevacizumab; Lapatinib
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional
Primary purpose: Treatment
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Enrollment: 24.0
Sex: All
Maximum age: 21 Years
Healthy volunteers: No
Keywords: Brain Tumor; Recurrent Ependymoma; Refractory Ependymoma; Intracranial ependymoma; Ependymoblastoma; Subependymoma; Myxopapillary; Clear cell; Anaplastic; Bevacizumab; Avastin; Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody; rhuMAb-VEGF; Lapatinib; Tykerb; GW572016

Summary:

      The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if the combination of Avastin
      (bevacizumab) and Tykerb (lapatinib) can help to control ependymoma in pediatric patients.
      The safety of this drug combination will also be studied.
    

Eligibility criteria:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age: Patient must be < or = 21 years of age.

          2. Tumor: Patients must have recurrent or refractory intracranial ependymoma (including
             myxopapillary, clear cell, papillary, tanycytic, and anaplastic ependymoma) or
             subependymoma. Patients with primary diagnosis of intracranial ependymoma with spinal
             cord metastases or relapse are eligible. The diagnosis must be confirmed by the CERN
             enrolling site's pathologist on tissue from either the initial presentation or time of
             recurrence prior to registration. For central pathology review and trial biological
             studies, submission of a paraffin block with tumor measuring at least 1 cm x 1 cm in
             area is preferred, but 15 x 5micro m unstained sections on slides may be provided by
             the referring laboratory instead. Tissue must be submitted within 60 days after
             enrollment for central processing and analysis.

          3. Patients must have measureable disease which is defined as at least one measurable
             lesion that can be accurately measured in 2 planes. Diffuse leptomeningeal involvement
             ("sugar coating") that does not allow measurement of at least one lesion in 2 planes
             will not be considered measurable disease.

          4. Patients may have had any number of prior treatment regimens (including biologic)
             before or after radiotherapy. Patients may not have previously been treated with
             Bevacizumab or Lapatinib. Gliadel wafers must be approved by CERN PI (Project Leader,
             Co-Leader and Protocol PI).

          5. Neurological Deficits: Patients with neurological deficits should have deficits that
             are stable or improving for a minimum of 1 week prior to registration.

          6. Performance Score: Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS for > 16 years of age) or Lansky
             Performance Score (LPS for < or = 16 years of age) > or = 50 assessed within 2 weeks
             prior to registration.

          7. Evidence of recovery from any prior chemotherapy. No myelosuppressive anticancer
             chemotherapy or biological therapy within 3 weeks (6 weeks if a nitrosourea or
             mitomycin C agent) prior to registration.

          8. Prior/Concurrent Therapy: external beam radiation therapy (XRT): Patients must have
             had prior radiation therapy for treatment of their ependymoma. XRT must be > or = 3
             months prior to registration for craniospinal irradiation (> or = 18 Gy); > or = 4
             weeks for local radiation to primary tumor; and > or = 2 weeks prior to registration
             for focal irradiation to symptomatic metastatic sites.

          9. Prior/Concurrent Therapy: Bone Marrow Transplant: > or = 3 months prior to
             registration for autologous bone marrow/stem cell transplant.

         10. Prior/Concurrent Therapy: Anti-convulsants: Patients with seizure disorder may be
             enrolled if well controlled. Patients receiving enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants are
             not eligible for this study. Patients must be off EIACD for at least 2 weeks prior to
             registration.

         11. Prior/Concurrent Therapy: Corticosteroids: Patients who are receiving corticosteroids
             must be on a stable or decreasing dose for at least 1 week prior to registration.

         12. Prior/Concurrent Therapy: Growth Factors: Off all colony forming growth factor(s) > or
             = 2 weeks prior to registration (G-CSF, GM-CSF, Erythropoietin).

         13. Patients must not have received: cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitors within seven
             (7) days prior to registration on protocol and for the duration of the study. However,
             amiodarone, another CYP3A4 inhibitor, should have been discontinued 6 months prior to
             registration and for the duration of the study.

         14. Patient must not have received: CYP3A4 inducers within fourteen (14) days prior to
             registration and for the duration of the study.

         15. Patient must not have received: Cimetidine within 48 hours prior and for the duration
             of the study.

         16. The following laboratory values must be assessed within 7 days prior to registration
             and must be repeated if initial labs were done greater than (>seven) (7) calendar days
             prior to the start of therapy. Organ Function: Must have adequate organ function and
             marrow function as defined by the following parameters: Bone Marrow: Absolute
             neutrophil count >or =1000microliter, Platelets > or = 100,000 microliter (transfusion
             independent), Hemoglobin >or =8.0 g/dL. Renal: Serum creatinine <or = 1.5 times upper
             limit of institutional for age or glomerular filtration rate (GFR)>or =
             70ml/min/1.73m2 Hepatic: Total bilirubin < or = 1.5 times upper limit of normal for
             age: serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (ALT)<2.5x institutional upper limit
             of normal for age and albumin > or = 2g/dL. No overt renal, hepatic, cardiac or
             pulmonary disease.

         17. No overt renal, hepatic, cardiac or pulmonary disease.

         18. Adequate cardiac function, assessed within 2 weeks prior to registration, defined as:
             shortening fraction of > or = 27% by echocardiogram, or ejection fracture (LVEF) > or
             = 50% by gated radionucleotide study.

         19. Adequate pulmonary function, assessed within 2 weeks prior to registration, defined
             as: no evidence of dyspnea at rest, no exercise intolerance, and a pulse oximetry >
             94% if there is clinical indication for determination.

         20. Signed informed consent according to institutional guidelines must be obtained.

         21. Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception
             (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for
             the duration of study participation. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is
             pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician
             immediately and will be removed from the study.

         22. Patient must begin therapy within 7 calendar days of registration.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Patients may not have previously been treated with Bevacizumab or Lapatinib.

          2. Patients with any significant medical illnesses that, in the investigator's opinion,
             cannot be adequately controlled with appropriate therapy or would compromise the
             patient's ability to tolerate this therapy.

          3. Patients with any disease that would obscure toxicity or dangerously alter drug
             metabolism.

          4. Patients receiving any other anticancer or experimental drug therapy.

          5. Patients with uncontrolled infection.

          6. Patients on enzyme inducing anticonvulsants.

          7. Patients with > / = Grade 2 uncontrolled hypertension.

          8. History of a stroke, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina in the previous 6
             months.

          9. Evidence of a bleeding diathesis, coagulopathy or PT international normalized ratio
             (INR)>1.5.

         10. Patients who require the use of therapeutic anti-coagulation: except as required to
             maintain patency of preexisting permanent vascular catheter.

         11. Pre-existing coagulopathy or thrombosis: Patients must not have been previously
             diagnosed with a deep venous or arterial thrombosis (including pulmonary embolism),
             and must not have a known thrombophilic condition.

         12. Patients must have recovered from any surgical procedure before enrolling on this
             study.

         13. History of an abdominal fistula, GI perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within
             previous 6 months.

         14. A serious, non healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture.

         15. Evidence of a new intracranial or intratumoral hemorrhage that is larger than a
             punctuate size on baseline MRI obtained within 14 days prior to study registration.

         16. If there is proteinuria present on dipstick, patients must have a 24 hour urine
             collection. Patients are excluded if they have >500 mg protein on 24 hour urine
             collection.

         17. Pregnancy: Females of childbearing potential must have negative serum or urine
             pregnancy test within 7 days prior to study entry. The effects of lapatinib on the
             developing human fetus are unknown. However, bevacizumab is known to be teratogenic
             and detrimental to fetal development and endometrial proliferation, thereby having a
             negative effect on fertility.

         18. Breastfeeding: Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in
             nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with lapatinib of bevacizumab,
             breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated on this study.