Study of the PD-L1 Inhibitor Atezolizumab With or Without Low-dose, Local Radiation in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Stage Follicular Lymphoma
Condition: Lymphoma
MeSH terms: Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Follicular
Intervention: atezolizumab; Low- Dose, Local Radiotherapy
Intervention description: 1200mg IV on day 1 of a 21-day cycle for a planned total of 17 cycles of therapy (1 year).; 4Gy will be administered in 2 fractions to a single nodal site amenable to radiation as identified by the radiation oncologist on day 2 and day 3 of Cycle 1 (over the two days following to the first dose of atezolizumab ).
Intervention MeSH terms: Atezolizumab
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: This is a two-arm, parallel, open-label, phase II clinical trial.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Enrollment: 2.0
Sex: All
Minimum age: 18 Years
Healthy volunteers: No
Keywords: Advanced Stage Follicular Lymphoma; Relapsed; Refractory; Atezolizumab; Dose Local Radiotherapy (2 x 2Gy); 17-360

Summary:

      The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and effects of atezolizumab with low dose
      radiation on people with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma, In this study, the
      patient will get either atezolizumab with low dose radiation or, atezolizumab alone. To be
      better, the atezolizumab and low dose radiation should increase life by 1 year or more
      compared to the usual approach.
    

Eligibility criteria:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Signed Informed Consent Form (ICF) Ability and willingness to comply with the
             requirements of the study protocol

          -  Age ≥ 18 years

          -  Relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma grade 1, 2, or 3A

               -  Relapsed disease is defined as having relapsed after greater than 6 months of
                  prior treatment for follicular lymphoma

               -  Refractory disease is defined as failure to achieve a complete response or
                  relapsed within 6 months of treatment for follicular lymphoma

               -  Pretreatment biopsy for fresh tumor tissue collection is required

               -  If patient has recently undergone a biopsy and has not received any intercurrent
                  anti-lymphoma therapy, archival tissue can be used

          -  Stage III/IV disease

             ° Stage II disease is also eligible if disease is not encompassible within a single
             radiation field, as determined by the radiation oncologist

          -  At least 1 prior treatment for follicular lymphoma (no restriction to number or type
             of prior therapies)

               -  Patient treated for transformed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who have
                  retrograde transformation are eligible provided they have received at least one
                  prior treatment for the follicular lymphoma

          -  Site of disease amenable to low-dose, local radiotherapy (2 x 2Gy), as recommended by
             the radiation oncologist

          -  At least one bi-dimensionally measurable nodal lesion > 1.5 cm in its longest diameter
             by CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging, as defined by the Lugano Classification

          -  Adequate hematologic and end organ function:

               -  ANC ≥ 1500 cells/µL

               -  If there is documented bone marrow involvement of follicular lymphoma, ANC must
                  be >/= 1000 cells/µL

               -  Platelet count ≥ 75,000/µL

               -  If there is documented bone marrow involvement of follicular lymphoma, platelet
                  count must be >/= 50,000/µL

               -  Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL

               -  If there is documented bone marrow involvement of follicular lymphoma, hemoglobin
                  must be >/= 8.0 g/dL

               -  Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)

               -  Patients with known Gilbert disease who have serum bilirubin level ≤ 3 x ULN may
                  be enrolled.

               -  AST and ALT ≤ 3.0 x ULN

               -  Patients with liver involvement: AST and/or ALT ≤ 5 x ULN Alkaline phosphatase ≤
                  2.5 x ULN

               -  Patients with documented liver involvement or bone metastases:

        alkaline phosphatase ≤ 5 x ULN

          -  Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min on the basis of the
             Cockcroft-Gault glomerular filtration rate estimation:

             (140 - age) x (weight in kg) x (0.85 if female) 72 x (serum creatinine in mg/dL)

          -  For female patients of childbearing potential and male patients with partners of
             childbearing potential, agreement (by patient and/or partner) to use highly effective
             form(s) of contraception (i.e., one that results in a low failure rate [< 1% per year]
             when used consistently and correctly) and to continue its use for 5 months after the
             last dose of ATEZOLIZUMAB. Women must refrain from donating eggs during this same
             period

               -  A woman is considered to be of childbearing potential if she is postmenarcheal,
                  has not reached a postmenopausal state (>/= 12 continuous months of amenorrhea
                  with no identified cause other than menopause), and is not permanently infertile
                  due to surgery (i.e., removal of ovaries, fallopian tubes, and/or uterus) or
                  another cause as determined by the investigator (e.g., Mullerian agenesis). The
                  definition of childbearing potential may be adapted for alignment with local
                  guidelines or regulations.

               -  Examples of contraceptive methods with a failure rate of <1% per year include
                  bilateral tubal ligation, male sterilization, hormonal contraceptives that
                  inhibit ovulation, hormone-releasing intrauterine devices, and copper
                  intrauterine devices.

               -  The reliability of sexual abstinence should be evaluated in relation to the
                  duration of the clinical trial and the preferred and usual lifestyle of the
                  patient. Periodic abstinence (e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, or
                  postovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of
                  contraception. If required per local guidelines or regulations, locally
                  recognized acceptable methods of contraception and information about the
                  reliability of abstinence will be described in the local Informed Consent Form.

          -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1

          -  Willingness to undergo on-treatment biopsies unless not clinically feasible while on
             treatment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Follicular lymphoma grade 3B

          -  Concurrent aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (e.g. diffuse large B cell lymphoma
             [DLBCL])

          -  Any anticancer therapy, including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, investigational
             therapy, or radiotherapy, within 3 weeks, or 5 half lifes, whichever is shortest,
             prior to initiation of study treatment. However, the following are allowed:

               -  Hormone-replacement therapy or oral contraceptives

               -  Herbal therapy, provided it is discontinued at least 1 week prior to Cycle 1, Day
                  1

               -  Palliative radiotherapy for bone metastases, provided most recent fraction not
                  given within 2 weeks of Cycle 1, Day 1 and most recent fraction was not
                  administered to planned area of radiation while on study.

          -  AEs from prior anticancer therapy that have not resolved to Grade ≤ 1 with exception
             of alopecia or skin/nail hyperpigmentation

          -  Bisphosphonate therapy for symptomatic hypercalcemia within 2 weeks of cycle 1, day 1

             ° Use of bisphosphonate therapy for other reasons (e.g., bone metastasis or
             osteoporosis) is allowed. Denosumab should not be used while on therapy

          -  Known clinically significant liver disease, including active viral, alcoholic, or
             other hepatitis; cirrhosis; fatty liver; and inherited liver disease

          -  Active central nervous system (CNS) involvement of lymphoma

             ° Patients with a history of CNS involvement of lymphoma are eligible, provided they
             received treatment greater than 30 days prior to cycle 1 day 1 and there is no
             evidence of involvement on most recent assessment

          -  Pregnant, or breastfeeding, or intention of becoming pregnant during study treatment
             or within 5 months after the final dose of study treatment.

             ° Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test result
             within 14 days prior to initiation of study treatment

          -  Known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products, other recombinant human
             antibodies, or to any component of the atezolizumab formulation

          -  Inability to comply with study and follow-up procedures

          -  Active or history of autoimmune disease, including but not limited to myasthenia
             gravis, myositis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid
             arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vascular thrombosis associated with
             antiphospholipid syndrome, Wegener"s granulomatosis, Sjögren"s syndrome, Bell"s palsy,
             Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune thyroid disease, vasculitis,
             or glomerulonephritis

               -  Patients with a history of autoimmune hypothyroidism on a stable dose of thyroid
                  replacement hormone may be eligible.

               -  Patients with controlled Type 1 diabetes mellitus on a stable insulin regimen may
                  be eligible.

               -  Patients with inactive inflammatory bowel disease, not currently receiving
                  therapy, may be eligible.

               -  Patients with eczema, psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus or vitiligo with
                  dermatologic manifestations only (e.g., patients with psoriatic arthritis would
                  be excluded) are permitted provided that they meet the following conditions:

               -  Rash must cover less than 10% of body surface area (BSA)

               -  Disease is well controlled at baseline and only requiring low potency topical
                  steroids (e.g., hydrocortisone 2.5%, hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1%, flucinolone
                  0.01%, desonide 0.05%, aclometasone dipropionate 0.05%)

               -  No acute exacerbations of underlying condition within the last 12 months (not
                  requiring psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation [PUVA], methotrexate, retinoids,
                  biologic agents, oral calcineurin inhibitors; high potency or oral steroids)

          -  History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis (including drug induced),
             organizing pneumonia (i.e., bronchiolitis obliterans, cryptogenic organizing
             pneumonia, etc.), or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computed
             tomography (CT) scan

             °History of radiation pneumonitis is permitted provided patient is asymptomatic and
             did not require systemic or inhaled corticosteroids for treatment of symptomatic
             radiation pneumonitis

          -  Any other diseases, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical
             laboratory finding giving reasonable suspicion of a disease or condition that
             contraindicates the use of an investigational drug or that may affect the
             interpretation of the results or render the patient at high risk from treatment
             complications

          -  History of HIV infection or active hepatitis B (chronic or acute) or hepatitis C
             infection

               -  Patients with past or resolved hepatitis B infection (defined as having a
                  negative hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] test and a positive anti-HBc
                  [antibody to hepatitis B core antigen] antibody test) are eligible.

               -  Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if
                  polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is negative for HCV RNA.

          -  Active tuberculosis

          -  Severe infections within 4 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1, including but not limited to
             hospitalization for complications of infection, bacteremia, or severe pneumonia

          -  Major surgical procedure within 28 days prior to Cycle 1, Day 1 or anticipation of
             need for a major surgical procedure during the course of the study

          -  Administration of a live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks before Cycle 1, Day 1,
             within 5 months after the final dose, or anticipation that such a live, attenuated
             vaccine will be required during the study

             ° Influenza vaccination should be given during influenza season only (approximately
             October to March). Patients must not receive live, attenuated influenza vaccine (e.g.,
             FluMist®) within 4 weeks prior to Cycle 1, Day 1 or at any time during the study.

          -  Malignancies other than the disease under study within 3 years prior to Cycle 1, Day
             1, with the exception of those with a negligible risk of metastasis or death and with
             expected curative outcome (such as adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix,
             basal or squamous cell skin cancer, localized prostate cancer treated surgically with
             curative intent, or ductal carcinoma in situ treated surgically with curative intent)
             or undergoing active surveillance per standard-of-care management (e.g., chronic
             lymphocytic leukemia Rai Stage 0, prostate cancer with Gleason score ≤ 6, and
             prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≤ 10 mg/mL, etc.)

        Medication-Related Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior treatment with anti-PD-1, or anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibody or
             pathway-targeting agents. Patients who have received prior treatment with anti-CTLA-4
             may be enrolled, provided the following requirements are met:

               -  Minimum of 12 weeks from the first dose of anti-CTLA-4 and > 6 weeks from the
                  last dose

               -  No history of severe immune-related adverse effects from ant-CTLA-4 (NCI CTCAE
                  Grade 3 and 4)

          -  Treatment with systemic immunostimulatory agents (including but not limited to
             interferon [IFN]-a of interleukin [IL]-2) within 6 weeks or five half-lives of the
             drug (whichever is shorter) prior to Cycle 1, Day 1

          -  Treatment with systemic immunosuppressive medication (including but not limited to
             prednisone, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-tumor
             necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents) within 1 week prior to Cycle 1, Day 1.

               -  Patient who have received acute, low-dose systemic immunosuppressant medication
                  (e.g., a one-time dose of dexamethasone for nausea or prednisone for intravenous
                  contrast allergy) may be enrolled

               -  Palliative systemic steroids for palliation of disease are allowed but must be
                  discontinued at least 7 days prior to cycle 1, day 1

               -  The use of inhaled corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids (e.g., fludrocortisone)
                  for patients with orthostatic hypotension or adrenocortical insufficiency is
                  allowed

          -  History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to
             chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins.

          -  Patients with prior allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or prior solid organ
             transplantation