Cabozantinib in Men With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Condition: Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate; Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer; Recurrent Prostate Cancer; Stage III Prostate Cancer; Stage IV Prostate Cancer
MeSH terms: Prostatic Neoplasms
Intervention: Cabozantinib
Intervention description: Given orally once a day
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Two separate patient population arms (metastatic CRPC and non-metastatic CRPC) but both populations are given the same interventional treatment and the same safety assessments.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Masking description: Treatment is open label and non-randomized. Split in to two patient populations - metastatic CRPC and non-metastatic CRPC.
Enrollment: 9.0
Sex: Male
Minimum age: 18 Years
Healthy volunteers: No
Keywords: Prostate cancer; Bone metastases

Summary:

      This pilot clinical trial studies cabozantinib in treating men with castration-resistant
      prostate cancer. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the
      enzymes needed for cell growth.
    

Eligibility criteria:

        INCLUSION CRITERIA

          1. The subject has a proven histologic diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma, but may have
             undergone prior surgery and/or radiation.

          2. The subject must currently have castration resistant prostate cancer defined as 2
             serial rising PSAs with a castrate level of testosterone (<50 ng/dL).

          3. A subject with non-metastatic CRPC may not have received prior chemotherapy unless in
             the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting > 24 months ago and may not have received prior
             zoledronic acid or denosumab.

          4. A subject with metastatic CRPC must have bone metastases accessible for biopsy by CT
             guidance.

          5. The subject must be willing to undergo sequential biopsy of bone or bone metastases.

          6. Subjects must have discontinued additional hormonal (eg bicalutamide, abiraterone,
             estrogen) therapy prior to the first dose of cabozantinib. No antiandrogen withdrawal
             period is required.

          7. Subjects previously treated on another investigational agent must have a 2-week or
             more washout before starting cabozantinib, depending on the agent, toxicity profile,
             and half-life. However, such patients may begin tetracycline dosing after consent is
             signed.

          8. Subjects who are currently on GnRH agonists or antagonist therapy must continue
             androgen suppression.

          9. The subject is ≥18 years old on day of consent.

         10. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) 0 or 1.

         11. Organ and marrow function as follows:

               1. ANC ≥1500/mm3 without colony stimulating factor support.

               2. Platelets ≥100,000/mm3.

               3. Hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL.

               4. Total bilirubin ≤1.5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN). For subjects with known
                  Gilbert's disease, bilirubin≤3.0 mg/dL.

               5. Serum albumin ≥2.8g/dL.

               6. Serum creatinine ≤1.5 x ULN or calculated creatinine clearance >50 mL/min. The
                  Cockcroft and Gault equation should be used: Male: CrCl (mL/min) = (140 - age) ×
                  wt (kg) / (serum creatinine × 72).

               7. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3.0 x ULN.

               8. Lipase <2.0 × ULN and no radiologic or clinical evidence of pancreatitis.

               9. Serum testosterone level <50 ng/dL.

              10. Urine protein/creatinine (UPC) ratio ≤1.0 unless the patient has a neobladder.

              11. Serum phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and potassium ≥ lower limit of normal (LLN).

         12. The subject is capable of understanding and complying with the protocol requirements
             and has signed the informed consent document.

         13. Sexually active subjects and their partners must agree to use medically accepted
             barrier methods of contraception (eg, male or female condom) during the course of the
             study and for 4 months after the last dose of study drug(s), even if oral
             contraceptives are also used. All subjects of reproductive potential must agree to use
             both a barrier method and a second method of birth control during the course of the
             study.

        EXCLUSION CRITERIA

          1. The subject has received cytotoxic chemotherapy (including investigational cytotoxic
             chemotherapy) or biologic agents (eg, cytokines or antibodies) within 3 weeks, or
             nitrosoureas/ mitomycin C within 6 weeks before the first dose of study treatment.

          2. Prior treatment with cabozantinib and other met inhibitors.

          3. Prior treatment with a small molecule kinase inhibitor or a hormonal therapy
             (including investigational kinase inhibitors or hormones) within 14 days or five
             half-lives of the compound or active metabolites, whichever is longer, or before the
             first dose of study treatment.

          4. The subject has received radiation therapy:

               1. to the thoracic cavity or gastrointestinal tract within 3 months of the first
                  dose of study treatment.

               2. to bone or brain metastasis within 14 days of the first dose of study treatment.

               3. to any other site(s) within 28 days of the first dose of study treatment.

          5. The subject has received radionuclide treatment within 6 weeks of the first dose of
             study treatment.

          6. The subject has received any other type of investigational agent within 28 days before
             the first dose of study treatment.

          7. The subject has not recovered to baseline or CTCAE ≤ Grade 1 from toxicity due to all
             prior therapies except alopecia and other non-clinically significant AEs.

          8. The subject has a primary brain tumor.

          9. The subject has active brain metastases or epidural disease (Note: Subjects with brain
             metastases previously treated with whole brain radiation or radiosurgery or subjects
             with epidural disease previously treated with radiation or surgery who are
             asymptomatic and do not require steroid treatment for at least 2 weeks before starting
             study treatment are eligible. Neurosurgical resection of brain metastases or brain
             biopsy is permitted if completed at least 3 months before starting study treatment.
             Baseline brain scans are not required to confirm eligibility.)

         10. The subject has prothrombin time (PT)/ International Normalized Ratio (INR) or partial
             thromboplastin time (PTT) test results at screening ≥ 1.3 x the laboratory ULN.

         11. The subject requires concomitant treatment, in therapeutic doses, with anticoagulants
             such as warfarin or warfarin-related agents, heparin, thrombin or Factor Xa
             inhibitors, or antiplatelet agents (eg, clopidogrel). Low dose aspirin (≤ 81 mg/day),
             low-dose warfarin (≤ 1 mg/day), and prophylactic low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
             are permitted.

         12. The subject requires chronic concomitant treatment of strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g.,
             dexamethasone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentin,
             phenobarbital, and St. John's Wort). Because the lists of these agents are constantly
             changing, it is important to regularly consult a frequently-updated list such as
             http://medicine.iupui.edu/clinpharm/ddis/table.asp; medical reference texts such as
             the Physicians' Desk Reference may also provide this information. As part of the
             enrollment/informed consent procedures, the patient will be counseled on the risk of
             interactions with other agents, and what to do if new medications need to be
             prescribed or if the patient is considering a new over-the-counter medicine or herbal
             product.

         13. The subject has experienced any of the following:

               1. clinically-significant gastrointestinal bleeding within 6 months before the first
                  dose of study treatment.

               2. hemoptysis of ≥0.5 teaspoon (2.5 mL) of red blood within 3 months before the
                  first dose of study treatment.

               3. any other signs indicative of pulmonary hemorrhage within 3 months before the
                  first dose of study treatment.

         14. The subject has radiographic evidence of cavitating pulmonary lesion(s).

         15. The subject has tumor in contact with, invading or encasing major blood vessels.

         16. The subject has evidence of tumor invading the GI tract (esophagus, stomach, small or
             large bowel, rectum or anus), or any evidence of endotracheal or endobronchial tumor
             within 28 days before the first dose of cabozantinib.

         17. The subject has uncontrolled, significant intercurrent or recent illness including,
             but not limited to, the following conditions:

             a. Cardiovascular disorders including: i. Congestive heart failure (CHF): New York
             Heart Association (NYHA) Class III (moderate) or Class IV (severe) at the time of
             screening.

             ii. Concurrent uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained BP > 140 mm Hg systolic,
             or > 90 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment within 7 days
             before the first dose of study treatment.

             iii. Any history of congenital long QT syndrome. iv. Any of the following within 6
             months before the first dose of study treatment:

               -  unstable angina pectoris

               -  clinically-significant cardiac arrhythmias

               -  stroke (including TIA, or other ischemic event)

               -  myocardial infarction

               -  thromboembolic event requiring therapeutic anticoagulation (Note: subjects with a
                  venous filter (e.g. vena cava filter) are not eligible for this study) b.
                  Gastrointestinal disorders particularly those associated with a high risk of
                  perforation or fistula formation including: i. Any of the following within 28
                  days before the first dose of study treatment:

               -  intra-abdominal tumor/metastases invading GI mucosa

               -  active peptic ulcer disease

               -  inflammatory bowel disease (including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease),
                  diverticulitis, cholecystitis, symptomatic cholangitis or appendicitis

               -  malabsorption syndrome ii. Any of the following within 6 months before the first
                  dose of study treatment:

               -  abdominal fistula

               -  gastrointestinal perforation

               -  bowel obstruction or gastric outlet obstruction

               -  intra-abdominal abscess. Note: Complete resolution of an intraabdominal abscess
                  must be confirmed prior to initiating treatment with cabozantinib even if the
                  abscess occurred more that 6 months before the first dose of study treatment.

                  c. Other disorders associated with a high risk of fistula formation including PEG
                  tube placement within 3 months before the first dose of study therapy.

                  d. Other clinically significant disorders such as: i. active infection requiring
                  systemic treatment within 28 days before the first dose of study treatment ii.
                  serious non-healing wound/ulcer/bone fracture within 28 days before the first
                  dose of study treatment iii. history of organ transplant iv. concurrent
                  uncompensated hypothyroidism or thyroid dysfunction within 7 days before the
                  first dose of study treatment v. history of major surgery as follows:

               -  Major surgery within 3 months of the first dose of cabozantinib if there were no
                  wound healing complications or within 6 months of the first dose of cabozantinib
                  if there were wound complications

               -  Minor surgery within 1 months of the first dose of cabozantinib if there were no
                  wound healing complications or within 3 months of the first dose of cabozantinib
                  if there were wound complications In addition, complete wound healing from prior
                  surgery must be confirmed at least 28 days before the first dose of cabozantinib
                  irrespective of the time from surgery

         18. The subject is unable to swallow tablets.

         19. The subject has a corrected QT interval calculated by the Fridericia formula (QTcF)
             >500 ms within 28 days before Day 1 of Cycle 1. Note: if initial QTcF is found to be >
             500 ms, two additional EKGs separated by at least 3 minutes should be performed. If
             the average of these three consecutive results for QTcF is ≤500 ms, the subject meets
             eligibility in this regard.

         20. The subject has a previously identified allergy or hypersensitivity to components of
             the study treatment formulation.

         21. The subject is unable or unwilling to abide by the study protocol or cooperate fully
             with the investigator or designee.

         22. For disease specific studies: The subject has had evidence within 2 years of the start
             of study treatment of another malignancy which required systemic treatment.

         23. The subject has a known allergy to tetracycline.