Study of Mutation-Targeted Therapy With Sunitinib or Everolimus in People With Advanced Low- or Intermediate-Grade Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas With or Without Cytoreductive Surgery
Condition: Neuroendocrine Tumors; Neuroendocrine Carcinoma; Neuroendocrine Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine; Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas
MeSH terms: Carcinoma; Neoplasms; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine
Intervention: Sunitinib; Everolimus
Intervention description: 37.5 mg once daily will continue until progression or unacceptable treatment-related toxicity; 10 mg daily will continue until progression or unacceptable treatment-related toxicity
Intervention MeSH terms: Everolimus; Sunitinib
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Enrollment: 16.0
Sex: All
Minimum age: 18 Years
Healthy volunteers: No
Keywords: MEN1; VHL; Neoplasm; NF1; mTOR

Summary:

      Background:

      - Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) come from cells of the hormonal and nervous systems. Some
      people have surgery to shrink the tumor. Sometimes the tumors come back. Researchers think
      that treatment with drugs based on knowing the defective gene might give better results.

      Objective:

      - To see if drugs selected based on the defective gene result in better tumor response. The
      drugs are Sunitinib and Everolimus.

      Eligibility:

      - People age 18 and older with an advanced low- or intermediate-grade gastrointestinal or
      pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.

      Design:

        -  Participants will be screened with:

        -  Medical history

        -  Physical exam

        -  Scans

        -  Blood, urine, and lab tests

        -  The study team will see if participants should have surgery.

        -  If yes, participants will:

        -  Sign a separate consent

        -  Have computed tomography (CT) scan before and after surgery

        -  Have as much of the tumor removed as possible. A small piece will be tested for mutation
           type.

        -  If no, participants will have a small piece of tumor removed for the testing.

        -  If the surgery might cure them, the participant will leave the study. The other
           participants will be assigned to take either Sunitinib or Everolimus.

        -  Participants will take their drug by mouth once a day. They will keep a medicine diary.
           Some will keep track of their blood pressure at least weekly.

        -  Screening tests may be repeated at study visits. Participants also may have their heart
           evaluated.

        -  About 30 days after the last day of their study drug, participants will have a follow-up
           visit that repeats the screening tests.

        -  Participants will be contacted every 3 months after this visit.
    

Eligibility criteria:

        -INCLUSION CRITERIA:

          1. Progressive, histologically or cytologically diagnosed low or intermediate grade,
             neuroendocrine tumors confirmed by the Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer
             Institute (NCI). Disease progression is defined according to Response Evaluation
             Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria for progression of disease or any new
             lesions seen on 68-Gallium DOTATATE within the 18 months prior to enrolment.

          2. Age greater than or equal 18 years, because the incidence and prevalence of metastatic
             pancreatic and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors in the pediatric patient
             population is exceedingly rare (children are excluded from this study, but will be
             eligible for future pediatric trials).

          3. Patients must have measurable disease according to RECIST criteria on anatomic imaging
             studies (computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)).

          4. Willingness to undergo tumor biopsy if the patient does not have a known familial
             cancer syndrome (multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)
             and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)). Archival tissue available.

          5. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status <2.

          6. Patients must have normal organ and bone marrow function as defined below:

               -  hemoglobin greater than or equal 9 g/dL *

               -  leukocytes greater than or equal 3,000/mcL *

               -  absolute neutrophil count greater than or equal 1,500/mcL *

               -  platelets greater than or equal institutional lower limit of normal

               -  total bilirubin within normal institutional limits

               -  Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase
                  (SGOT)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)
                  less than or equal 2.5 times institutional upper limit of normal

             (less than or equal 5 times upper limit of normal (ULN) in patients with liver
             metastases)

             - creatinine within normal institutional limits

             OR

               -  creatinine clearance greater than or equal 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) for patients with
                  creatinine levels above institutional normal.

               -  International Normalized Ratio (INR) less than or equal 2;

                    -  If a patient's bone marrow function falls below the indicated values and it
                       is not thought to be related to prior treatments a hematology consult will
                       be ordered. If Hematology deems the patients safe to proceed with treatment
                       they will be allowed to enroll on study. In such cases, the patients
                       absolute neutrophil count must be greater than 1,000/mcl, hemoglobin must be
                       greater than 7.5 g/dL and the platelet count must be > 75,000 mcL. Each
                       patient will also be seen by a medical oncologist at follow-up visits if
                       possible.

          7. Fasting serum cholesterol less than or equal 300 mg/dL OR less than or equal 7.75
             mmol/L AND fasting triglycerides less than or equal 2.5x ULN. NOTE: In case one or
             both of these thresholds are exceeded, the patient can only be included after
             initiation of appropriate lipid lowering medication;

          8. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) or partners of WOCBP participating in this
             study must agree to use highly effective contraception while on treatment and for at
             least 8 weeks after end of treatment, because the effects of Sunitinib and Everolimus
             on the developing human fetus are unknown. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect
             she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should
             inform her treating physician immediately.

             Highly effective contraception methods include combination of:

               1. Any two of the following:

                    -  Use of oral, injected or implanted hormonal methods of contraception or;

                    -  Placement of an intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine system (IUS);

                    -  Barrier methods of contraception: condom or occlusive cap (diaphragm or
                       cervical/vault caps) with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/ vaginal
                       suppository;

               2. Total abstinence or;

               3. Male/female sterilization.

             Women are considered post-menopausal and not of child-bearing potential if they have
             had 12 months of natural (spontaneous) amenorrhea with an appropriate clinical profile
             (e.g. age appropriate, history of vasomotor symptoms) or have had surgical bilateral
             oophorectomy (with or without hysterectomy) or tubal ligation at least six weeks prior
             to enrollment. In the case of oophorectomy alone, only when the reproductive status of
             the woman has been confirmed by follow up hormone level assessment is she considered
             not of child-bearing potential.

          9. Must have fully recovered from toxicities of any prior treatment with cytotoxic drugs,
             radiotherapy, surgery, or other anti-cancer modalities (returned to baseline status as
             noted before most recent treatment or less than or equal grade 1).

         10. Ability of subject to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed
             consent document.

        EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

          -  Uncontrolled hypertension (>150/100 mmHg).

          -  Prior external beam radiation therapy to the target lesion(s) within 1 months prior to
             enrollment

          -  Prior systemic chemotherapy or therapy with one of the investigational agents within 1
             month prior to enrollment.

          -  Patients who had therapy with one of the investigational agents more than 1 month
             prior to enrollment in whom tumor genotyping show assignment to the same
             investigational agent.

          -  Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents.

          -  Patients with known brain metastases will be excluded from this clinical trial because
             of their poor prognosis and because they often develop progressive neurologic
             dysfunction that would confound the evaluation of neurologic and other adverse events.

          -  History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic
             composition to Sunitinib or Everolimus.

          -  Patients who have any severe and/or uncontrolled medical conditions such as:

               1. unstable angina pectoris, symptomatic congestive heart failure, myocardial
                  infarction less than or equal 6 months prior to start of Everolimus, serious
                  uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, or any other clinically significant cardiac
                  disease

               2. symptomatic congestive heart failure of New York heart Association Class III or
                  IV

               3. active (acute or chronic) or uncontrolled severe infection, liver disease such as
                  cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease

               4. known severely impaired lung function

               5. Corrected QT interval (QTc) interval > 450 msec for males or > 470 msec for
                  females

               6. active, bleeding diathesis;

               7. psychiatric illness/social situations that would preclude informed consent, limit
                  compliance with study requirements

          -  Pregnant or nursing patients will be excluded from the study, because the effects of
             Sunitinib and Everolimus on the developing human fetus are unknown. Because there is
             an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to
             treatment of the mother with Sunitinib or Everolimus, breastfeeding should be
             discontinued if the mother is treated with Sunitinib or Everolimus.

          -  Current treatment with therapeutic doses of Coumadin-derivative anticoagulants (low
             dose Coumadin up to 2 mg by mouth (PO) daily for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis is
             allowed).

          -  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients on combination antiretroviral
             therapy are ineligible because of the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions with
             study agents.

          -  Lack of physical integrity of the upper gastrointestinal tract or malabsorption
             syndrome, or the inability to take oral medication

          -  Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus as defined by hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) >8% despite
             adequate therapy. Patients with a known history or diagnosis of diabetes mellitus who
             are on therapy and have had good blood sugar control may be included, even if the
             HbA1c is > 8% because this value can take up to 3-4 months to normalize

          -  Patients who have received live attenuated vaccines within 1 week of start of
             Everolimus and during the study. Patient should also avoid close contact with others
             who have received live attenuated vaccines. Examples of live attenuated vaccines
             include intranasal influenza, measles, mumps, rubella, oral polio, Bacille
             Calmette-Guerin (BCG), yellow fever, varicella and TY21a typhoid vaccines

          -  Patients who are on chronic treatment with corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive
             agents (topical or inhaled corticosteroids are allowed)

          -  Patients with a history of non-compliance to medical regimens or who are considered
             potentially unreliable or will not be able to complete the entire study

          -  Patients who are taking medications that are strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 AA4
             (CYP3A4) or PgP and need to remain on these medications. For a current table of
             Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers please access the following
             website:http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/DevelopmentResourc
             es/DrugInteractionsLabeling/ucm093664.htm

          -  Patients who have a history of another primary malignancy from which the patient has
             been disease free for < 3 years at the time of enrolment, with the exceptions of: a
             patient with a familial cancer syndrome-associated NETs including MEN1, VHL, NF-1, and
             tuberous sclerosis (TS);