Testing the Combination of Two Experimental Drugs MK-3475 (Pembrolizumab) and Interferon-gamma for the Treatment of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome and Advanced Synovial Sarcoma
Condition: Metastatic Myxoid Liposarcoma; Metastatic Round Cell Liposarcoma; Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma; Recurrent Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome; Refractory Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome; Stage IB Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage II Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IIA Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IIB Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage III Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IIIA Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IIIB Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IV Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IVA Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Stage IVB Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome AJCC v7; Unresectable Synovial Sarcoma
MeSH terms: Mycoses; Sarcoma; Mycosis Fungoides; Sezary Syndrome; Liposarcoma; Sarcoma, Synovial; Liposarcoma, Myxoid; Syndrome
Intervention: Interferon Gamma-1b; Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Pembrolizumab
Intervention description: Given SC; Ancillary studies; Given IV
Intervention MeSH terms: Interferons; Interferon-gamma; Pembrolizumab
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Enrollment: 28.0
Sex: All
Minimum age: 12 Years
Healthy volunteers: No

Summary:

      This phase II trial studies how well pembrolizumab and interferon gamma-1b work in treating
      patients with stage IB-IVB mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome that has come back
      (relapsed) or has not responded to previous treatment (refractory). Immunotherapy with
      monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the
      cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Interferon
      gamma-1b may boost the immune system activity. Giving pembrolizumab and interferon gamma-1b
      together may work better in treating patients with stage IB-IVB mycosis fungoides and Sezary
      syndrome.
    

Eligibility criteria:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES /SEZARY SYNDROME (TREATMENT GROUP I)

          -  Stage IB-IVB Mycosis Fungoides or Sezary syndrome, and who have relapsed, are
             refractory, or progressed after at least one standard systemic therapy; maximal stage
             since diagnosis will determine eligibility; current disease stage at time of entry
             will also be documented but will not be used for eligibility

          -  Subjects must have the following minimum wash-out from previous treatments and without
             treatment between documentation of relapse/progression and enrollment:

               -  >= 2 weeks for local radiation therapy

               -  >= 8 weeks for low dose (12 Gy or less) Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy (TSEBT)

               -  >= 4 weeks for systemic cytotoxic anticancer agents, anticancer investigational
                  agents that are not defined as immunotherapy, or for tumor-targeting monoclonal
                  antibodies (mAbs) with the exception of alemtuzumab for which the washout is at
                  least 16 weeks

               -  >= 15 weeks for anti-CD137 or anti-CTLA-4 (including ipilimumab or any other
                  antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint
                  pathways)

               -  >= 2 weeks from resolution (i.e., < grade 1 or at baseline) from adverse event
                  (AE)s due to procedures performed or therapeutic agents administered

               -  >= 2 weeks for retinoids, interferons, vorinostat, romidepsin and denileukin
                  diftitox

               -  >= 4 weeks for doses of systemic corticosteroids greater than 10 mg/day of
                  prednisone or equivalent; patients who are on physiologic doses of
                  corticosteroids (prednisone equivalent 10 mg/day or less) may participate,
                  however, they must be on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks before enrollment;
                  patients who are on low or moderate potency topical corticosteroids may
                  participate if they are on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks before enrollment;
                  inhaled corticosteroids are acceptable; local injections of corticosteroids are
                  acceptable; all corticosteroids will be reported as concomitant medications

               -  >= 2 weeks for phototherapy

               -  >= 1 week for topical therapy (including retinoid, nitrogen mustard, or
                  imiquimod)

          -  Patients with prior treatment with IFN-gamma will be eligible, if they previously
             tolerated IFN-gamma, however patients must be off of IFN-gamma for at least three
             weeks before initiation of therapy on this trial

          -  Age >= 18 years

          -  Have measurable disease based on modified severity-weighted assessment tool (mSWAT);
             tumor lesions situated in a previously irradiated area are considered measurable if
             progression has been demonstrated in such lesions

          -  Have a performance status of 0 or 1 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)
             performance scale

          -  Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/mcL (performed within 10 days of treatment
             initiation)

          -  Platelets >= 100000/mcL (performed within 10 days of treatment initiation)

          -  Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL or >= 5.6 mmol/L (performed within 10 days of treatment
             initiation)

          -  Creatinine =< 1.5 x upper limit normal (ULN) (performed within 10 days of treatment
             initiation) OR

          -  Measured or calculated creatinine clearance >= 60 mL/min for patient with creatinine
             levels > 1.5 x institutional ULN (performed within 10 days of treatment initiation)

               -  Creatinine clearance (CrCl) should be calculated per institutional standard;
                  glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can also be used in place of creatinine or CrCl

          -  Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x ULN OR direct bilirubin =< ULN for patients with total
             bilirubin levels > 1.5 x ULN (performed within 10 days of treatment initiation)

          -  Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and
             alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 x
             ULN OR =< 5 x ULN for patients with liver metastases (performed within 10 days of
             treatment initiation)

          -  The effects of MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) and interferon-gamma on the developing human
             fetus are unknown; for this reason and because anti-PD-1 agents and interferons may be
             teratogenic, women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate
             contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) before to
             study entry and for the duration of study participation

          -  Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative urine or serum
             pregnancy test within 72 hours before receiving the first dose of study medication; if
             the urine test is positive or cannot be confirmed as negative, a serum pregnancy test
             will be required

          -  Female patients of childbearing potential must be willing to use an adequate method of
             contraception for the course of the study through 120 days after the last dose of
             study medication; Note: abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual lifestyle and
             preferred contraception for the patient

          -  Male patients of reproductive potential must agree to use an adequate method of
             contraception starting with the first dose of study therapy through 120 days after the
             last dose of study therapy; Note: abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual
             lifestyle and preferred contraception for the patient

          -  Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is
             participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately; men
             treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception
             before the study, for the duration of study participation, and 4 months after
             completion of MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) and interferon-gamma administration

          -  Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

          -  SYNOVIAL SARCOMA (TREATMENT GROUP II)

          -  Diagnosis of translocation associated sarcoma that generally expresses NY-ESO-1 (e.g.,
             synovial sarcoma or myxoid/round cell liposarcoma); tumor must have been reviewed by a
             bone and soft tissue pathologist; patient must have metastatic or unresectable disease

          -  At least one prior line of chemotherapy

          -  Age >= 12 years; patients >= 18 years of age must be able and willing to provide
             informed consent; patients under 18 years of age must have a parent or guardian
             willing and able to provide consent

          -  Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0, 1 or 2

          -  Life expectancy greater than or equal to (>=) 12 weeks

          -  Measurable disease, as defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors
             (RECIST) version 1.1

          -  Tumor safely accessible for biopsy

          -  Adequate hematologic and end organ function

          -  For female participants of childbearing potential and male participants with partners
             of childbearing potential, agreement (by participant and/or partner) to use highly
             effective form(s) of contraception

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES /SEZARY SYNDROME (TREATMENT GROUP I):

          -  Has disease that is suitable for local therapy administered with curative intent

          -  Patients who have had chemotherapy or targeted small molecule therapy within 4 weeks
             (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C) before entering the study

          -  Patients who have had an allogeneic stem cell transplant are excluded because such
             transplants disrupt the normal immune response to a very substantial degree; in
             addition, emerging data suggests exacerbation of lethal graft versus host disease
             (GVHD) may occur in such patients when treated post allotransplant with PD-1 blockade

          -  Has received prior therapy with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2

          -  Patients who have received an investigational agent or have used an investigational
             device within 4 weeks of the first dose of study drug

          -  Has a history of a well-characterized and defined immune deficiency before the
             diagnosis of mycosis fungoides or Sezary syndrome or is receiving systemic steroid
             therapy greater than 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent within 4 weeks or any other
             form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days before the first dose of trial
             treatment

          -  Has had a prior monoclonal antibody within 4 weeks before study day 1 or who has not
             recovered (i.e., =< grade 1 or at baseline) from AEs due to agents administered more
             than 4 weeks earlier

               -  Note: the following will not be exclusionary: patients may have any grade
                  alopecia or lymphopenia and still participate if other inclusion/exclusion
                  criteria are met; patients may have grade 1 or 2 neuropathy at baseline and still
                  participate if other inclusion/exclusion criteria are met

          -  Has a known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment;
             exceptions include basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the
             skin that has undergone potentially curative therapy, or in situ cervical cancer

          -  Patients with known brain metastases should be excluded from this clinical trial
             because of their poor prognosis and because they often develop progressive neurologic
             dysfunction that would confound the evaluation of neurologic and other adverse events;
             patients with carcinomatous meningitis should also be excluded; patients with
             previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are stable (without
             evidence of progression by imaging using the identical imaging modality for each
             assessment, either magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or computed tomography [CT] scan,
             for at least 4 weeks before the first dose of trial treatment and any neurologic
             symptoms have returned to baseline), have no evidence of new or enlarging brain
             metastases, and are not using steroids for at least 7 days before trial treatment

          -  History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic
             composition to MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) and interferon-gamma; patients who are
             hypersensitive to Escherichia (E). coli are also excluded

          -  Has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2
             years (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids, or
             immunosuppressive drugs); replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or
             physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency,
             etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment

          -  Has a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or current
             pneumonitis

          -  Has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality
             that might confound the results of the trial, interfere with the patient's
             participation for the full duration of the trial, or is not in the best interest of
             the patient to participate, in the opinion of the treating investigator

          -  Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active
             infection, interstitial lung disease or active, non-infectious pneumonitis, congestive
             heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) grade >= 3, unstable angina pectoris,
             cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit
             compliance with study requirements

          -  Pregnant women are excluded from this study because MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) is an
             agent with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects; because there is an
             unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to
             treatment of the mother with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab), breastfeeding should be
             discontinued if the mother is treated with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab); these potential
             risks may also apply to Interferon-gamma; MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) and Interferon-gamma
             may have adverse effects on a fetus in utero; furthermore, it is not known if MK-3475
             (pembrolizumab) or Interferon-gamma have transient adverse effects on the composition
             of sperm; patients are excluded from this study if pregnant or breastfeeding, or
             expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the trial,
             starting with the screening visit through 120 days after the last dose of trial
             treatment

          -  Patients who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive may participate IF they
             meet the following eligibility requirements:

               -  They must be stable on their anti-retroviral regimen, and they must be healthy
                  from an HIV perspective

               -  They must have a CD4 count of greater than 250 cells/mcL

               -  They must not be receiving prophylactic therapy for an opportunistic infection

               -  Must be on antiretroviral therapy and there must be minimal interactions or
                  overlapping toxicity of the antiretroviral therapy with the experimental cancer
                  treatment

               -  HIV viral load must be < 200 copies/ mm^3 by standard clinical assays

          -  Has known active hepatitis B (e.g., hepatitis B virus surface antigen [HBsAg]
             reactive) or hepatitis C (e.g., hepatitis C virus [HCV] ribonucleic acid [RNA]
             [qualitative] is detected)

               -  Note: the following will not be exclusionary:

                    -  A positive hepatitis B serology indicative of previous immunization (i.e.,
                       HBsAb positive and hepatitis B virus core antibody [HBcAb] negative), or a
                       fully resolved acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection

                    -  Patients with chronic HBV suppressed by appropriate antiretroviral therapy
                       with activity against HBV, as outlined in Department of Health and Human
                       Services (DHHS) guidelines

                    -  Positive HCV serology but no detectable HCV RNA, indicative of spontaneously
                       cleared HCV infection

                    -  Patients who have been successfully treated for HCV as long as therapy for
                       HCV has been completed

          -  Has received a live vaccine within 30 days before to the first dose of trial
             treatment; examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, the following:
             measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, yellow fever, seasonal flu (some), H1N1 flu,
             rabies, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), and typhoid vaccine; seasonal flu vaccines that
             do not contain live virus are permitted

          -  Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with
             cooperation with the requirements of the trial

          -  SYNOVIAL SARCOMA (TREATMENT GROUP II):

          -  Any approved or investigational anti-cancer therapy within 14 days prior to initiation
             of study treatment.

               -  Note: Prior treatment with anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) or anti-programmed
                  death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) therapeutic antibodies is allowed as is prior therapy
                  with other immunotherapies

          -  Active or untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastases as determined by computed
             tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation during screening and
             prior radiographic assessments; patients with prior brain metastases or CNS disease
             are permitted, but must have completed treatment and either (1) have no evidence of
             active CNS disease for at least 4 weeks prior to the first dose OR (2) have stable CNS
             lesions, or be at least 2 weeks past radiation or gamma-knife therapy; patients with
             past CNS disease must also have a screening head CT or MRI demonstrating stable
             disease compared to their most recent CNS evaluation

          -  Active therapy for malignancies other than sarcoma

          -  Pregnant and lactating women

          -  New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 3 or 4 or clinically symptomatic
             cardiovascular disease

          -  Severe infections requiring intravenous antibiotic treatment within 2 weeks prior to
             initiation of treatment

          -  Major surgical procedure other than for diagnosis within 4 weeks prior to initiation
             of treatment

          -  Active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment with steroids greater than 10
             mg/day of prednisone or who have required steroids with a dose of 40 mg/day for the
             treatment of their autoimmune disease more than twice over the past year; patients
             with an autoimmune disease who are on active therapy with a drug targeting TNF alpha

          -  Prior allogeneic stem cell or solid organ transplant

          -  History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia, drug-induced
             pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening
             chest CT scan

          -  Active tuberculosis

          -  HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy will not be excluded

          -  Uncontrolled HBV infection, defined as plasma HBV DNA detectable by polymerase chain
             reaction (PCR)

               -  Note: the following will NOT be exclusionary:

                    -  A positive hepatitis B serology indicative of previous immunization (i.e.,
                       HBsAb positive and HBcAb negative), or a fully resolved acute HBV infection

                    -  Patients with chronic HBV suppressed by appropriate antiretroviral therapy
                       with activity against HBV, as outlined in DHHS guidelines

          -  Uncontrolled HCV infection, defined as plasma HCV RNA detectable by PCR.

               -  Note: the following will NOT be exclusionary:

                    -  Positive HCV serology but no detectable HCV RNA, indicative of spontaneously
                       cleared HCV infection

                    -  Patients who have been successfully treated for HCV as long as therapy for
                       HCV has been completed