Bemcentinib (BGB324) in Combination With Pembrolizumab in Patients With TNBC
Condition: Triple Negative Breast Cancer; Inflammatory Breast Cancer Stage IV
MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms
Intervention: Bemcentinib; pembrolizumab
Intervention description: Bemcentinib is a selective Axl kinase inhibitor; pembrolizumab is a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor.
Intervention MeSH terms: Pembrolizumab
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional
Primary purpose: Treatment
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Intervention model description: Extension to Simon's 2-stage design allowing termination at the end of Stage 1 for either futility or efficacy.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Enrollment: 29.0
Sex: All
Minimum age: 18 Years
Healthy volunteers: No
Keywords: bemcentinib; TNBC; pembrolizumab; Keytruda; BGB324

Summary:

      This is an open label, single arm, multi-centre phase II study to assess the anti-tumour
      activity and safety of bemcentinib (BGB324) in combination with pembrolizumab in participants
      with previously treated, locally advanced and unresectable, or metastatic TNBC or TN-IBC. The
      primary objective is objective response rate.
    

Eligibility criteria:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Provision of signed informed consent.

          2. Male and non-pregnant females who are aged 18 years or older at the time of provision
             of informed consent.

          3. Histopathologically or cytologically documented TNBC or TN-IBC. Tumors must have been
             confirmed negative for ER and partial response (PR) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (<1%
             positive tumor nuclei, as per ASCO-CAP guideline recommendations) and negative for
             human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) by IHC or fluorescent or chromogenic
             in situ hybridization (FISH or CISH). Patients with equivocal HER2 results by IHC
             should have their negativity status confirmed by FISH.

          4. Locally advanced and unresectable or metastatic TNBC or triple negative inflammatory
             breast cancer.

          5. Received one or more prior therapies for TNBC or inflammatory breast cancer in the
             metastatic setting, and prior treatment (metastatic or (neo) adjuvant) must have
             included a prior taxane and/or anthracycline-based therapy.

          6. Has measurable disease as defined by RECIST 1.1 on computed tomography (CT) or
             magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as determined by the site study team. Tumor
             lesions situated in a previously irradiated area are considered measurable if
             progression has been demonstrated in such lesions.

          7. Provision of suitable tumor tissue for the analysis of Axl kinase expression and PD-L1
             expression.

          8. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 0 or 1.

          9. Life expectancy of at least 3 months.

         10. Adequate organ function confirmed at Screening and within 10 days of initiating
             treatment, as evidenced by:

               -  Platelet count ≥100,000 /mm3;

               -  Hemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dL (≥5.6 mmol/L);.

               -  Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >1,500 /mm^3;

               -  Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤2.5 times
                  the upper limit of normal (ULN), or ≤5 times the ULN for patients with liver
                  metastases;

               -  Total bilirubin ≤1.5 times the ULN, or direct bilirubin <ULN for patients with
                  total bilirubin levels >1.5xULN;

               -  Creatinine ≤1.5 times the ULN and calculated creatinine clearance >60 mL/min (by
                  Cockcroft Gault formula);

               -  International Normalized Ratio (INR) or Prothrombin Time (PT) ≤1.5 times the ULN
                  and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) ≤1.5 times the ULN. Note: If
                  patient is receiving anticoagulant therapy, then PT or PTT must be within
                  therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants;

               -  Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≤2.5 times the ULN.

         11. Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test (either
             urine or serum pregnancy test) within 72 hours prior to the first dose of study
             treatment. If the urine test is positive or cannot be confirmed as negative, a serum
             pregnancy test will be required.

         12. Have resolution of toxic effect(s) of the most recent prior chemotherapy to Grade 1 or
             less (except alopecia). If the patient received major surgery or radiation therapy of
             >30 Gy, they must have recovered from the toxicity and/or complications from the
             intervention.

         13. Patients of reproductive potential must be willing to practice highly effective
             methods of contraception throughout the study and for 120 days after the last dose of
             study medication. Abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual lifestyle of the
             patient.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Has disease that is suitable for local therapy administered with curative intent.

          2. More than 3 previous lines of therapy in the metastatic setting.

          3. Has received prior therapy with an immunomodulatory agent.

          4. Has a known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment.
             Note: Exceptions include basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of
             the skin that has undergone potentially curative therapy or in situ cervical cancer.

          5. Has known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous
             meningitis.

          6. History of the following cardiac conditions:

               -  Congestive cardiac failure of >Grade II severity according to the New York Heart
                  Association (NYHA);

               -  Ischemic cardiac event including myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to
                  first dose;

               -  Uncontrolled cardiac disease, including unstable angina, uncontrolled
                  hypertension (i.e. sustained systolic BP >160 mmHg or diastolic BP >90 mmHg), or
                  need to change medication due to lack of disease control within 6 weeks prior to
                  the provision of consent;

               -  History or presence of sustained bradycardia (≤55 BPM), left bundle branch block,
                  cardiac pacemaker or ventricular arrhythmia. Note: Patients with a
                  supraventricular arrhythmia requiring medical treatment, but with a normal
                  ventricular rate are eligible;

               -  Family history of long QTc syndrome; personal history of long QTc syndrome or
                  previous drug-induced QTc prolongation of at least Grade 3 (QTc >500 ms).

          7. Abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction on echocardiography or Multi Gated
             Acquisition Scan (MUGA) (less than the lower limit of normal for a patient of that age
             at the treating institution or <45%, whichever is lower).

          8. Current treatment with any agent known to cause Torsades de Pointes which cannot be
             discontinued at least five half-lives or two weeks prior to the first dose of study
             treatment.

          9. Screening 12-lead ECG with a measurable QTc interval according to Fridericia's
             correction >450 ms.

         10. Is currently participating and receiving study therapy or has participated in a study
             of an investigational agent and received study therapy or used an investigational
             device within 4 weeks of the first dose of study treatment.

         11. Has had prior chemotherapy, targeted small molecule therapy, or radiation therapy
             within 2 weeks prior to study Day 1 or who has not recovered (i.e., ≤Grade 1 or at
             baseline) from AEs due to a previously administered agent.

         12. Received an anti-cancer monoclonal antibody (mAb) within 4 weeks prior to the first
             dose of study treatment or who has not recovered (i.e. ≤Grade 1 or baseline) from AEs
             due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier.

         13. Major surgery within 28 days prior to start of study treatment and failure to have
             recovered adequately from the toxicity and/or complications from the intervention
             prior to the first dose of study treatment.

         14. Received transfusion of blood products (including platelets or red blood cells) or
             administration of colony stimulating factors (including granulocyte-colony stimulating
             factor [G-CSF], Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF] or
             recombinant erythropoetin) within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment.

         15. Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving systemic steroid therapy or any
             other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study
             treatment.

         16. Active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years (i.e.
             with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs).

         17. Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1/2 antibodies)

         18. Has known active infection with Hepatitis B (e.g., HBsAg reactive) or Hepatitis C
             (e.g., Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA (qualitative) is detected).

         19. Has received a live-virus vaccination within 30 days of planned treatment start. Note:
             Seasonal flu vaccines that do not contain live virus are permitted.

         20. Has a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or current
             pneumonitis.

         21. Has a history of interstitial lung disease.

         22. Inability to swallow or tolerate oral medication.

         23. Existing gastrointestinal disease affecting drug absorption such as celiac disease or
             Crohn's disease, or previous bowel resection which is considered to be clinically
             significant or could interfere with absorption.

         24. Known lactose intolerance.

         25. Requires vitamin K antagonists. Note: Patients receiving low doses prescribed to
             maintain the patency of venous access devices may be included. Factor Xa antagonists
             are permitted.

         26. Treatment with any of the following: histamine receptor 2 inhibitors, proton pump
             inhibitors or antacids within 7 days of start of study treatment.

         27. Treatment with any medication which is predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4 and has a
             narrow therapeutic index.

         28. Known severe hypersensitivity (≥Grade 3) to bemcentinib, pembrolizumab, and/or any of
             their excipients.

         29. Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy (apart from cutaneous infections).

         30. Has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality
             that, in the opinion of the Investigator, might confound the results of the trial,
             interfere with the patient's participation and compliance in the trial, or means it is
             not in the best interests of the patient to participate.

         31. Is pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the
             projected duration of the trial, starting from Screening through to 120 days after the
             last dose of study treatment.

         32. Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with
             cooperation with the requirements of the trial.