Effect of Different Exercise Approaches on Balance and Proprioception in Individuals With Pes Planus
Condition: Pes Planus
MeSH terms: Flatfoot
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Pes planus; It can be defined as the valgus of the hindfoot while loading the foot, the
      disappearance of the medial longitudinal arch in the midfoot, and the supination of the
      forefoot relative to the hindfoot. It may also occur due to the fact that the medial
      longitudinal arch in the foot is lower than the required height according to the anatomical
      position. The parts of the foot that touch the ground are anatomically healthy in a person;
      They are the heads of the calcaneus tuberositas calcanei on the back of the foot and the 5
      metatarsal bones on the front of the foot. In the standing position, 25% of our body weight
      is on the tuber calcanei, while 25% is on the 5 metatarsal bones. In individuals with pes
      planus, convergence of the sole of the midfoot to the ground may even result in the sole of
      the midfoot touching the ground at its advanced levels. It is one of the common foot
      deformities.
    

Detailed description: 
      Pes planus can cause symptoms and dysfunction that are symptomatic or severe enough to limit
      patients' quality of life. Degeneration of the posterior tibial tendon may occur due to
      trauma, neuroarthropathy, neuromuscular disease and inflammatory arthritis. Among these, the
      most common cause of pes planus is the degeneration of the posterior tibial tendon.

      The highest arch of the foot, the medical longitudinal arch calcaneus, talus, navicular,
      cuneiform and 1-2-3. It is formed by metatarsals. It is effective in the distribution of the
      load on the feet. Plantar ligaments are important in protecting the dome of the foot.

      They used many definitions known as pes planus, that is, flat feet in the literature. Weak
      foot, relaxed foot, pes valgus, congenital hypermobile flat foot, hypermobile flat foot,
      flaccid flat food, talipes calcaneovalgus, compensated talipes equinus can be given as
      examples.

      Balance disorders and general joint hypermobility are among the clinical symptoms of pes
      planus. In a study conducted with 100 individuals aged between 18 and 45, when the balance
      time of individuals without pes planus was compared with the balance time of individuals with
      pes planus; It was determined that individuals without pes planus had better balance times.
      It has been determined that as the degree of pes planus increases, the time to stay in
      balance decreases in individuals.

      Stretching exercises; It is defined as the pulling force applied to lengthen the muscle and
      connective tissues in the human body. Stretching exercises are divided into 4 in themselves.
      These; dynamic stretching, static stretching, ballistic stretching and PNF stretching.

      Mobility exercises; It consists of low-speed, variable-intensity, repetitive, passive
      movements applied to joints and ligaments within the normal range of joint motion.

      Stability exercises; It is defined as the ability to control joint movement or position by
      coordinating the movements of the surrounding tissues and neuromuscular system.
    

Intervention name(s): Mobility and Stability Exercise; Stretching Exercise
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Mobility and stability exercises; Balance and reaching exercise
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: It is planned to randomly divide 40 individuals diagnosed with pes planus by the physician into two.
In these groups, there should be a pes planus problem on both sides. The first group will be given stretching exercises, while the second group will be given mobility and stability exercises.
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Exercise; Stability exercises; Mobility exercises; Stretching exercises