Comparison of Post-operative Pain Frequency
Condition: Pain, Postoperative
MeSH terms: Pain, Postoperative
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The objective of this study is:

        -  To compare the post-operative pain frequency after single visit root canal versus
           multiple visit root canal treatment in patients with non-vital teeth

        -  Post-operative pain is less frequent after single visit root canal than multiple visit
           root canal treatment in patients with non-vital teeth.
    

Detailed description: 
      METHODOLOGY This Randomized control trial was done in Outdoor patients Department of
      Operative Dentistry at Fatima Memorial Hospital. Informed written consent was taken from all
      patients who were willing to participate in the study. Patients who were diagnosed with
      non-vital teeth were considered for this study. Socio-demographic data and symptoms were
      recorded, subjects were examined and relevant investigations (vitality tests and radiographs)
      carried out. The patients were randomly divided into two groups through lottery method. Group
      A the treatment was done in one visit while in group B treatment was completed in two visits.

      The standard procedure for both groups at first visit was administration of local anesthesia
      (1.8ml 2% Lignocaine with 1:10000 epinephrine), standard access cavity preparation followed
      by rubber dam isolation and pulp extirpation. After the confirmation of canal patency and
      working length radiograph, canals were prepared with the combination of hand files and
      engine-driven rotary nickel-titanium files (DENTSPLY Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)
      following manufacturer's instructions. 17%Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA )gel was used
      as a lubricant. Irrigation was performed with 2.5% NaOCl after each instrument in all cases.
      At the first visit, all teeth were prepared to working length and dried with paper points.
      Canals in Group A were filled with protaper universal gutta-percha (DENTSPLY Maillefer) and
      calcium hydroxide based sealer and restored with permanent restorative material in the same
      visit. In Group B after the canal preparation non-setting calcium hydroxide paste was placed
      with a sterile dry cotton pellet in the canal and tooth was restored with a minimum of 3.0mm
      Cavit. Patients in Group 2 were recalled after 1 week and the obturation technique same as
      Group 1 was followed in the second visit. After obturation, the patients in both the groups
      were recalled after 48 hours and assessed using visual analogue scale regarding presence and
      absence of post-operative pain. A value of 0-1 on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale was
      considered as absence of pain.

      The data was entered and analyzed in the SPSS-20. For descriptive analysis, mean and standard
      deviation was reported for age. Percentage for male and female participants was presented for
      gender distribution. The incidence of post-operative pain for single visit root canal and
      multiple visit root canal was determined. A chi-square test was used to determine the
      frequency of post-operative pain in both groups. A P value of 0.05 or less was taken as
      significant. Data was stratified more scientific manner in Pakistani population. So, the
      results of this study would add to the literature about the better, time saving and less
      painful (ROOT CANAL TREATMENT)RCT strategy in term of post- operative pain management.
    

Intervention name(s): ROOT CANAL TREATMENT
Intervention type(s): Procedure
Intervention description(s): Clinical endodontics involved in the goal of preventing and treating microbial contamination of pulps comprises of a number of treatments. Root canal endodontic therapy has one specific set of aims: to cure or prevent peri-radicular periodontitis, to conserve their natural teeth in function and aesthetics.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: : This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted at Department of Operative Dentistry, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, over a period of six months. A total of 302 patients presented with pulp necrosis in mandibular and maxillary first and second molar were included in this study and divided in two groups of 151. RCT of Group A patients was performed in single visit and RCT of group B patients was performed in multiple visits
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Endodontics, Non-vital teeth, Post-operative pain