Evaluation of Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Condition: Coronary Artery Disease
MeSH terms: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Coronary Artery Disease; Myocardial Ischemia; Coronary Disease
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      It is widely accepted that coronary artery disease (CAD) is related to a high mortality. It
      is predicted that an increase of approximately 21.3 million cardiovascular events and 7.7
      million cardiovascular deaths over 2010 to 2030 in China.1 Male sex, diabetes mellitus,
      hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity and smoking are all traditionally considered as
      risk factors for CAD. In recent decades, tremendous progress toward the prevention and
      treatment of traditional cardiovascular risk factors have helped decrease the morbidity and
      mortality from CAD, but the condition remains a major public health challenge worldwide.
      Looking into the other potential risk factors (OSA) for CAD, it may help to develop
      additional preventative strategies and further reduce the incidence and mortality of CAD.
    

Detailed description: 
      Before initiating the study, all potential subjects were invited to attend an educational
      program that explained the purpose and methodology of this study. After getting informed
      consent from patients, demographic data including age, sex, medical history (including
      comorbidities and risk factors), current medicine, lifestyle habits, height (cm), and weight
      (kg) were recorded, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight divided by height
      squared (kilograms per square meter, kg/m2). The included subjects need to perform
      transthoracic echocardiography or provide an echocardiographic examination within one month.
      CAD diagnosis was determined based on the results of the coronary angiography, using stenosis
      50% cutoffs considered have coronary diseases or not.

      Consecutive patients of both sexes with coronary angiography from outpatient or inpatient
      departments of Fuwai Hospital were recruited into the study. The inclusion criteria were
      Chinese, aged 35 to 75 years with CAD verified by coronary angiography, and able to give
      informed written consent. The subjects were excluded if they had New York Heart Association
      Class III-IV degree with ejection fraction < 45%, severe pulmonary disease, significant
      psychiatric disease, or history of pharyngeal surgery for OSA or current use of CPAP
      treatment for OSA. They were also excluded if they declined to participate or were unable to
      provide informed consent.
    

Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Consecutive patients of both sexes with coronary angiography from outpatient or inpatient
        departments of Fuwai Hospital were recruited into the study. The inclusion criteria were
        Chinese, aged 35 to 75 years with CAD verified by coronary angiography, and able to give
        informed written consent. The subjects were excluded if they had New York Heart Association
        Class III-IV degree with ejection fraction < 45%, severe pulmonary disease, significant
        psychiatric disease, or history of pharyngeal surgery for OSA or current use of CPAP
        treatment for OSA. They were also excluded if they declined to participate or were unable
        to provide informed consent.