Nutrition Education Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Resource Poor Setting
Condition: Diabetes Mellitus, Type II [Non-insulin Dependent Type] [NIDDM Type] Uncontrolled
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to implement a nutrition education programme that was developed
      for type 2 diabetic adults in a resource poor setting and to evaluate the programme's
      effectiveness on health outcomes

      A randomized controlled clinical trial study design will be used. One group (experimental
      group) will receive the nutrition education while the other group (control group) will
      receive the usual care.

      Setting: Two Community health centres in Moretele Health Sub-District, North West Province,
      South, Africa

      Effectiveness of the nutrition education will be evaluated for the following outcomes:

        -  clinical

             -  blood sugar control based on HbA1c levels (primary outcome)

             -  lipid profile (total cholesterol, low density cholesterol, high density cholesterol
                and triglycerides)

             -  blood pressure

             -  body mass index

        -  dietary intake

        -  others -diabetes knowledge, attitudes towards diabetes

      Outcome measurements- at six and 12 months, this will be compared with the baseline data.

      Hypotheses:

        -  the experimental group will have a significantly lower HbA1c compared to the control
           group

        -  the experimental group will have significantly better outcomes for dietary intake, blood
           lipid profile, blood pressure, body mass index, diabetes knowledge and attitudes towards
           diabetes and its treatment.
    

Detailed description: 
      Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health challenge. Low-income individuals are among
      those observed to have poorer long term outcomes of diabetes management and to spend a higher
      proportion of their income on diabetes care. Therefore, diabetic individuals from resource
      poor settings require special attention and effective management strategies to assist them
      improve their health outcomes. Patient self-management education, including nutrition
      education is a feasible strategy in resource poor settings.

      The nutrition education programme in this study is based on the target group assessed needs,
      as tailored education is shown to be more effective in improving health outcomes.

      The experimental group will receive nutrition education in group format on a weekly basis for
      eight weeks, this will include a vegetable gardening component offered in collaboration with
      the Department of Agriculture. In addition written education materials will be provided
      (pamphlet and wall/fridge flyer). A follow-up intervention on a monthly basis will follow the
      group education.This is to revise the learnt content and for group problem solving
      activities. The control control group will receive usual care plus the written education
      materials.
    

Intervention name(s): Nutrition education
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Group education on a bi-weekly basis for eight weeks plus written education materials, followed by monthly group problem solving meetings till one year.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Keywords: Nutrition education intervention; Type 2 diabetes mellitus