Effect of Dairy Consumption on Glycemic Control, Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Condition: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Obesity
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Body Weight
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the percentage of calories
      from dairy intake and long-term glycemic control and weight maintenance in patients with type
      2 diabetes who participate in an intensive lifestyle intervention program.

      The investigators hypothesize that overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes who
      consume higher percentage of calories from dairy products during intensive lifestyle
      intervention programs have better glycemic control and maintenance of weight loss as compared
      to those who consume lower percentage of calories from dairy products.
    

Detailed description: 
      This is a prospective, observational clinical study where the daily intake of dairy products
      will be recorded and analyzed in 50 overweight/obese subjects with type 2 diabetes enrolled
      in the Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment (Why WAIT) program. The Weight Achievement
      and Intensive Treatment (Why WAIT) program is a 12-week multidisciplinary program developed
      by Joslin Diabetes Center for intensive diabetes weight management in clinical practice. It
      includes the following components that are provided in a group setting: (1) intensive medical
      treatment provided by an endocrinologist and a registered nurse; (2) a structured dietary
      plan provided by a registered dietitian; (3) an individualized exercise training program
      provided by an exercise physiologist; (4) cognitive behavioral modification provided by a
      behavioral therapist.

      Participants will be enrolled in this study for a period of 24 weeks. They will attend the
      Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment (Why WAIT) program during the first 12 weeks of
      the study and will be followed for another 12 weeks after the program (the maintenance
      phase). During the intervention phase, participants will receive group education on a weekly
      basis for 12 consecutive weeks. During maintenance phase, participants will receive a
      monthly, 15 minute long, follow up phone call from the study dietitian.

      Participants will be instructed to complete a 3-day food log before each visit. They will
      also be asked to record their dairy intake on a daily basis in a dedicated log book. These
      logs will be collected and analyzed by the study dietitian. Dairy consumption will be
      calculated as the sum of servings per day of milk, cheese, yogurt, and other dairy foods.
    

Intervention name(s): Type 2 diabetes in WhyWAIT Program
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): The sum of servings per day of milk, cheese, yogurt, and other dairy foods.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Participants in Joslin Diabetes Center's Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment (Why
        WAIT) program
      
Biospecimen description: 
      Serum
    
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Obesity; Nutrition; Dairy