Determining the Effect of Breathing Exercise Applied to Children Aged 6-12 Before Enema on Anxiety, Fear and Pain
Condition: Constipation; Distention; Child, Only
MeSH terms: Constipation
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of breathing exercise applied before the
      enema procedure, which causes fear, pain and anxiety in children aged 6-12 years who applied
      to the pediatric emergency service, on fear, pain and anxiety in children. This research is
      in pretest-posttest, parallel group, randomized controlled experimental design.

      The universe of the research consists of children aged 6-12 years who applied to the
      pediatric emergency department of Iğdır State Hospital (Turkey) between May 2022 and June
      2022.
    

Detailed description: 
      In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of breathing exercise applied before the
      enema procedure, which causes fear, pain and anxiety in children aged 6-12 years who applied
      to the pediatric emergency service, on fear, pain and anxiety in children. This research is
      in pretest-posttest, parallel group, randomized controlled experimental design.

      The universe of the research consists of children aged 6-12 years who applied to the
      pediatric emergency department of Iğdır State Hospital (Turkey) between May 2022 and June
      2022.

      In the study, the pre-test scores of the pain, fear and anxiety levels of the children were
      compared and it was found that the pain, fear and anxiety levels of the intervention and
      control groups were moderate, and there was no difference between the groups. This result is
      important in terms of evaluating the effectiveness of the initiative.

      In the study, a significant difference was found between the pain, fear and anxiety levels of
      the intervention and control groups after breathing exercise. Accordingly, the pain, fear and
      anxiety levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group.
    

Intervention name(s): Breathing exercise
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Before the enema is applied, breathing exercises will be applied to the participants in the intervention group.
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Intervention model description: The research groups consisted of 106 (per group: 53) children who met the sample selection criteria. Children were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Assignment of children to groups was done by an independent statistician to ensure confidentiality and avoid bias. In this study, stratified randomization method was used to assign children to groups. In randomized controlled experimental studies, the number of cases in each group is required to be balanced and similar in terms of prognostic factors (such as age and gender). With the stratified randomization method, differences and undesirable situations between study groups are tried to be minimized. The permutation method is used to achieve this balance (Kahan ve ark., 2015). In this study, children were stratified according to age (6-9 and 10-12) and gender (female, male) variables.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Children; Enema; Anxiety; Fear; Pain; Breathing exercise