Reliability and Validity of a Shoulder Fatigue Test
Condition: Healthy Volunteers
MeSH terms: Fatigue
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Introduction: The exercise performed with elastic tools has been appearing in the current
      scenario as a clinical tool because it presents advantages such as easy handling, low cost
      and safety. However, its use as an assessment tool, specifically for localized muscular
      resistance, is reduced and not standardized. In addition, there are no records of the
      physiological / neurofunctional effects of tests that use such a tool, since it allows a
      differentiated degree of prescription. Objective: To determine the reliability and
      reproducibility of a shoulder abduction resistance test in two tools, elastic tube and
      isokinetic dynamometer. In addition to analyzing the metabolic profile of both comparative
      order and targeting subsequent training prescription. Method: The study will consist of a
      sample of 30 participants and will be carried out in 2 stages, 15 participants will perform
      step 1 and the other 15 will perform step 2. The difference between the steps is the order of
      the tools used to perform the test . Each stage will consist of 5 sessions (Orientation,
      Familiarization 1 and 2, Test and Retest). During the test and retest sessions the
      physiological response of the test will be analyzed. In order to observe the response, will
      be analyzed the lactic anaerobic parameter (lactate concentration), allelic anaerobic
      (post-exercise oxygen uptake analysis - EPOC), aerobic parameter (VO2 values) and
      electromyographic measurements. Will be used the statistical package SPSS Statistics 22.0,
      Pearson's correlation and their respective confidence intervals will indicate the
      relationship between the numerical variables and multivariate models will be constructed by
      means of linear regression. The significance level of 5% will be adopted.
    

Detailed description: 
      Tests applied

      1RM test The 1 RM test in the elastic band is based on the study by ANDERSEN et al. (2016).
      Elastic bands of the brand Theraband® CLX (Hygienic, Corporation, Akron, Ohio, USA) with a
      standard length of 1.47m, ranging from very low to very high strength (yellow, red, green,
      blue, black, silver, gold). Due to possible changes in the mechanical properties of elastic
      bands during the initial stretching cycles, all elastics will be pre-stretched 100 times.

      Initially the research assistant will instruct the participants to sit on a chair, and place
      their feet together on the elastic band without shoes. Starting with the least elastic
      resistance (yellow), the research assistant will instruct the participants to perform a
      shoulder abduction of a unilateral (dominant) shoulder up to 90 ° and hold such a position
      for 3 seconds (statically). Thus, participants will have to perform the concentric
      contraction phase without the help of the research assistant before reaching the static test
      position. Through visual inspection, the search assistant will control the correct
      positioning of the movement. Two-minute intervals will be taught between resistance levels
      until it is not possible for the participant to reach and / or hold the position for 3
      seconds. When there is a failure, two more attempts to reach and maintain the desired
      position will be accomplished. During the essay, the research assistant will provide verbal
      encouragement. The obtained torque will be calculated by a formula based on the study of
      ANDERSEN et al. (2016).

      Isokinetic muscle strength test For the MVIC test, the participant will be seated with the
      dominant upper limb on the Biodex System Pro 4 isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical System,
      Shirley-NY, USA). Prior to the test, the participant will undergo a warm-up consisting of 10
      repetitions of concentric contraction of abduction-adduction of the shoulder at 180º / s
      throughout the range of motion. After the warm-up will be given a two-minute rest break to
      the start of the MVIC. The CIVM will be considered as the Of torque obtained between three 5
      second repetitions of abduction, with the dominant upper limb positioned at 90º horizontal
      abduction of the shoulder. A two-minute interval between replicates will be administered in
      order to minimize possible fatigue effects. The participant will be instructed to perform
      their maximum power performance and will be verbally encouraged by the evaluator in each
      attempt made. Such protocol is based on the one used by BARONI et al., (2010) for lower limb.

      Fatigue Resistance Test (TRF) TRF - Elastic Tube: To perform the fatigue resistance test on
      the elastic tube the participant will initially be positioned sitting on a chair with their
      feet together stepping on the elastic band without shoes. He will then perform a 20-second
      abduction-adduction heating of the shoulder from the neutral position to 90 °. The interval
      of 2 minutes will then be given to start the TRF. This will consist of performing the maximum
      of the possible repetition with a load of 50% of the 1RM (1½ second in the concentric phase
      and 1½ second in the eccentric phase).

      TRF - Isokinetic Dynamometer: In order to perform the fatigue resistance test in the
      isokinetic dynamometer, the participant will initially be positioned with the dominant upper
      limb attached to the dynamometer by means of the apparatus itself. He will then perform a
      warm-up of 10 concentric contractions of abduction-adduction of the shoulder at 180º / s
      throughout the range of movement (0º to 90º). The interval of 2 minutes will then be given to
      start the TRF. This will consist of performing the maximum possible repetition at 50% of the
      MVIC at the rate of 60º / s for abduction and 500º / s at the return of the movement.
    

Intervention name(s): Elastic Band; Isokinetic dynamometer
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Localized muscle resistance test for shoulder; Localized muscle resistance test for shoulder
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Diagnostic
Keywords: fatigue; resistance test