Magnesium Sulfate in Combination With Dexmedetomidine As Adjuvants to Levobupivacaine
Condition: Spermatic Cord Block
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Early Phase 1

Summary: 
      Using the spermatic cord block has been of great advantage, as it has been cost saving,
      efficient technique whether used inon its own or combination with a sedative or .
      Furthermore, it provides minimal cardiac risks, early case ambulation, satisfactory
      postoperative pain control, as well as a reduced hospital stay and cost. one of the major
      drawbacks of spermatic cord block is being a single injection technique, leading to a short
      postoperative analgesia duration. So, to overcome this flaw some adjuvants were proven to
      prolong the analgesia duration as Dexmetedomidine (Dex), and magnesium.
    

Detailed description: 
      The technique of the spermatic cord block was first described in the 1960s by Earle AS.Using
      the spermatic cord block has been of great advantage, as it has been cost saving, efficient
      technique whether used inon its own or combination with a sedative or . Furthermore, it
      provides minimal cardiac risks, early case ambulation, satisfactory postoperative pain
      control, as well as a reduced hospital stay and cost. one of the major drawbacks of spermatic
      cord block is being a single injection technique, leading to a short postoperative analgesia
      duration. So, to overcome this flaw some adjuvants were proven to prolong the analgesia
      duration as Dexmetedomidine (Dex), and magnesium.
    

Intervention name(s): Control Test; Dexmedetomidine; Dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate; magnesium sulphate
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): Spermatic cord block by18ml levobupivacaine 0.5% plus 2 ml normal saline in total volume of 20 ml.
The procedure is repeated on the contralateral side.; Spermatic cord block by total of 18ml levobupivacaine 0.5% plus 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 2 ml in total volume of 20 ml The procedure is repeated on the contralateral side.; Spermatic cord block by total of 18ml levobupivacaine 0.5% plus 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine and 100 mg magnesium sulphate in 2 ml in total volume of 20 ml .
The procedure is repeated on the contralateral side.; Spermatic cord block by total of 18ml levobupivacaine 0.5% plus 100 mg magnesium sulphate in 2 ml in total volume of 20 ml
Intervention MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate; Dexmedetomidine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Following skin sterilization and local anesthetic infiltration of the superficial tissues, an echogenic 22-G block needle is inserted in-plane to the ultrasound beam in a cranial-to-caudal direction the spermatic cord in short axis and directed towards the deferent duct, contralateral to the testicular artery. The needle tip was advanced to become contact with the deferent. Correct location of the needle tip was confirmed by injecting 0.5-1 ml to see the local anesthetic spreading around the deferent duct. A total of 18ml levobupivacaine 0.5% are then injected into the spermatic cord block .
The procedure is repeated on the contralateral side.
Masking: Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Diagnostic
Keywords: Spermatic Cord Block; Magnesium Sulfate; Dexmedetomidine