Short-term Effects of a Carob Snack on Postprandial Glycemic Responses and Energy Intake and Satiety
Condition: Potential Abnormality of Glucose Tolerance; Appetite; Lack or Loss, Nonorganic Origin
MeSH terms: Anorexia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study investigated any potential associations between two preloads offered as snacks and
      postprandial glycemic response, subjective and objective appetite and energy intake in
      healthy, normal-weight adults.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study aimed at 1. firstly determine the glycemic index (GI) of a carob snack compared
      with an isoenergetic, equal weight chocolate cookie and 2. test the hypothesis that a carob
      preload consumed as snack before a meal, compared to chocolate cookie would: (a) have greater
      short-term effect on satiety measured by subsequent ad libitum meal intake, (b) induce
      greater satiety as assessed by visual analogue scales (VAS), and (c) reduce postprandial
      glycemic response.
    

Intervention name(s): Glucose as reference food; White bread as reference food; Carob snack as test food; Chocolate cookie snack as test food; Carob preload; Chocolate cookie preload
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other; Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Ten subjects (male: 6, female: 4) consumed 25g glucose diluted in 250ml water, two times, in different weeks, within 5-10 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Ten subjects (male: 6, female: 4) consumed 25g available carbohydrate from white bread along with 250ml water, two times, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Ten subjects (male: 6, female: 4) consumed 25g available carbohydrate from carob snack along with 250ml water, one time, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Ten subjects (male: 6, female: 4) consumed 25g available carbohydrate from chocolate cookie snack along with 250ml water, one time, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Fifty healthy subjects (male: 22, female: 28) consumed a standardized breakfast (bread and honey) and 2h after were offered a preload given as snack (40g carob snack). Three hours after, subjects were given ad libitum access to a meal (lunch and dessert). The meal consisted of rice, roasted chicken breast and chocolate cake. Foods were weighed before serving and any leftovers were weighed again after meal. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken before breakfast, 120min after breakfast; before preload, 120minand 180minpost-preload consumption; before meal (lunch and dessert), 60minand 120min post-meal consumption. Subjective appetite ratings were assessed with 100mm VAS.; Fifty healthy subjects (male: 22, female: 28) consumed a standardized breakfast (bread and honey) and 2h after were offered a preload given as snack (40g chocolate cookie). Three hours after, subjects were given ad libitum access to a meal (lunch and dessert). The meal consisted of rice, roasted chicken breast and chocolate cake. Foods were weighed before serving and any leftovers were weighed again after meal. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken before breakfast, 120min after breakfast; before preload, 120minand 180minpost-preload consumption; before meal (lunch and dessert), 60minand 120min post-meal consumption. Subjective appetite ratings were assessed with 100mm VAS.
Intervention MeSH terms: Locust bean gum
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Other
Keywords: energy intake; blood glucose; carob flour