bioihbjkbjnl/mcl2 huggingface dataset:
Randomized Controlled Trial of Ultrasound Guided Needle Placement Versus Nerve Stimulation for Coracoid Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block
Condition: Patients Undergoing Hand Surgery
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Nerve blocks for arm and hand surgery provide many advantages for patients including
      excellent pain control and reduction in general anesthesia-related adverse effects.
      Infraclavicular block is possibly the best method for performing regional anesthesia of the
      arm because of the consistent anesthesia of the whole arm and low incidence of serious
      adverse effects. Normally the anesthetist uses nerve stimulation to identify nerves supplying
      the forearm and hand. Recent research has indicated that to improve success from 60% to 79%
      two types of muscle stimulation must be sought before injection of local anesthetic. This can
      be time consuming, requires a significant learning process, increases complications and
      leaves 21% of patients with inadequate anesthesia requiring supplementation or general
      anesthesia. More recently practitioners have been using ultrasound imaging to direct the
      needle and watch local anesthetic spread around the nerves. Preliminary reports have
      documented that this technique is associated with much greater success than the nerve
      stimulation method. However a good quality study comparing the dual-endpoint infraclavicular
      technique with an ultrasound-guided technique has not been performed. This randomized study
      aims to rectify this deficiency by determining if ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block has
      a significantly greater success than the current standard, dual end-endpoint nerve
      stimulation technique.
    


Intervention name(s): Ultrasound compared to dual-endpoint nerve stimulator guided approach.; Ultrasound
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Time perspective: Prospective
Metabolic Syndrome Feasibility Study
Condition: Metabolic Syndrome
MeSH terms: Metabolic Syndrome; Syndrome
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The objective of this study is to determine whether the finger tip images captured by the
      EPIC ClearView device, when analyzed via the ClearView software, produce a Response Scale
      that characterizes trends consistent with Metabolic Syndrome identified by medical doctors.
    


Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Men and women ages 21-85 who present to the investigators clinical office and meet all of
        the inclusion criteria while having none of the exclusion criteria will be approached for
        consent to participate in the study.
Metabolic, Physical Responses To Exercise In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Condition: Type2 Diabetes Mellitus; Exercise
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aim of this study is to compare the effects of high intensity interval exercise and
      moderate intensity continuous exercise on metabolic parameters, physical measures, fitness
      level, body composition and miRNA-143 level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    

Detailed description: 
      Volunteers with type 2 diabetes mellitus will be evaluated in terms of any contra-indication
      that will restrain them from making exercise. 90 male or female volunteers who are suitable
      in terms of inclusion/exclusion criteria will be invited for the study. Volunteers will be
      randomly distributed to one of the 3 groups. Each group will contain 30 participants. 1.
      group will make aerobic exercise which is in the form of high intensity interval exercise
      2.group will make aerobic exercise which is in the form of moderate intensity continuous
      exercise 3. Control group. Exercise groups will be cycling under observation in the hospital
      setting. Control group will make simple stretching exercises at home. Participants will be
      requested to complete a 3 months of exercise. They will be evaluated before and at the end of
      the 3 months of exercise with physical measures such as waist and hip circumference, fitness
      level measured by exercise testing, body composition measured by bioimpedance, metabolic
      parameters such as blood glucose level, HbA1C and measured by blood tests.
    

Intervention name(s): exercise
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Aerobic tyep of exercise will be made at different intensities in 2 groups.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: The study has 3 arms.
Masking: Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; exercise; aerobic; interval; continuous
Effects of Nitrate in Vegetables on Blood Pressure in Subjects With Prehypertension
Condition: Hypertension; Cardiovascular Disease
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Prehypertension
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of different vegetables on cardiovascular
      function in subjects with moderately increased blood pressure. Specifically we are comparing
      the effects of vegetables with a high natural content of inorganic nitrate with those of
      vegetables with a low nitrate content.
    

Detailed description: 
      Recent studies indicate that dietary-derived inorganic nitrate can affect blood pressure in
      humans by converting into nitric oxide bioactivity. Here we will study if vegetables that
      naturally contain high amounts of nitrate (green leafy vegetables) can lower blood pressure
      and whether any effect is attributed to the nitrate anion. High nitrate vegetables are
      compared with vegetables low in nitrate (e.g. tomatoes, sweet pepper). After a 2 week run in
      period where all subjects receive vegetables low in nitrate, the participants are randomized
      to one of three interventions. One third of the patients receive high-nitrate vegetables + a
      placebo pill (KCl), one third receives low-nitrate vegetables + placebo and the third group
      receives low-nitrate vegetables + a nitrate pill (KNO3). The nitrate content in the pill is
      precisely matched to the nitrate content in the high-nitrate vegetable group.
    

Intervention name(s): High nitrate vegetables; Low nitrate vegetables + nitrate; Low nitrate vegetables
Intervention type(s): Other; Dietary Supplement; Other
Intervention description(s): vegetables naturally high in nitrate; pill containing KNO3; vegetables naturally low in nitrate
Other intervention name(s): potassium nitrate (KNO3)
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Adolescents Committed to Nutrition and Physical Activity
Condition: Overweight; Obesity; Insulin Resistance
MeSH terms: Overweight; Insulin Resistance
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2

Summary: 
      Community based participatory research principles will be used to create, implement and
      evaluate a culturally relevant and age-appropriate obesity intervention for adolescents who
      are overweight or obese. The intervention will be implemented through school-based health
      centers (SBHC) and will include clinical encounters with SBHC providers, use of Motivational
      Enhancement Therapy to help overweight/obese adolescents adopt healthier behaviors, and use
      of a community advisory council to develop obesity risk reduction strategies that will be
      delivered by print and digital video disc (DVD) media. To test efficacy of the ACTION
      intervention, overweight/obese adolescents will be recruited to either the intervention
      condition or the usual care condition. Students will have pre- and post- intervention
      measurements to assess if adolescents in the intervention condition will have improved risk
      factor profile for metabolic syndrome, improved nutrition and increased physical activity
      when compared with students in the usual care condition.
    


Intervention name(s): ACTION; Usual care
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Overweight/obese adolescents enrolled in ACTION will meet with SBHC providers over a 6 month period in one school year. SBHC providers will use Motivational Enhancement Therapy to motivate overweight/obese adolescents to adopt strategies for improving nutrition and physical activity.; Overweight/obese adolescents in the second arm will receive a well child check with usual anticipatory guidance.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Adolescent; Overweight; Obesity; Weight loss; Nutrition; Physical activity; Community-based participatory research; School-based; Primary Care; Motivational interviewing
Determining Levels of [D10] Phenanthrene Tetraol in Smokers' Urine
Condition: Tobacco Toxicant Exposure
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      The purpose of this research study is to better understand how people respond to
      cancer-causing chemicals in cigarette smoke. Some people are able to get rid of these
      chemicals as harmless agents while others suffer damage to their cells that can ultimately
      result in cancer. We hope to develop a better understanding of how we can identify the people
      who are in danger of getting cancer. Participants will complete questionnaires regarding
      their health and smoking history. We will take blood samples to look at genes which determine
      how the body breaks down some tobacco-related toxins. Participants will be given a small
      amount of liquid to drink, containing alcohol, water, and a compound called deuterated
      phenanthrene (DP), which is found in cigarette smoke and in the environment. Phenanthrene is
      non-toxic and does not cause cancer, but this compound is broken down by the body in the same
      way as cancer-causing agents. We will follow the pathway of this compound as it is broken
      down in the body.
    

Detailed description: 
      Forty apparently healthy smokers and non smokers (20 male, 20 female) will be recruited by
      advertising in the Twin Cities area. This will be done by the Tobacco Use Research Center.
      They will be screened in a phone call, then invited to come in for an orientation session at
      which consent will be obtained. Pregnant smokers will be excluded. They will visit the clinic
      weekly for 2 months and once monthly for 4 months for a total of 6 months participation.

      At each visit they will drink 5 ml of 50:50 ethanol:water containing 10 ug [D10]phenanthrene.
      They will then collect their 24h urine and return it to the clinic. The urine will be
      analyzed for [D10]phenanthrene tetraol. The goal of the study is to determine the
      longitudinal stability of the amount of [D10]phenanthrene-tetraol in urine.
    

Intervention name(s): Deuterated phenanthrene
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): Deuterated phenanthrene 10 micrograms
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Keywords: Tobacco toxicants; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Smoking
Support for Perinatal Adherence and Depression
Condition: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Depression
MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; HIV Infections; Depression; Depressive Disorder
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The main aim was to conduct a pilot field test of a group-based depression and adherence
      counseling intervention with HIV-infected women in the perinatal period. Participants were
      HIV-infected women living in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
    

Detailed description: 
      The main aim of this study was to conduct a pilot field test of a group-based counseling
      intervention with HIV-infected women in the perinatal period as delivered by a lay counselor.
      The primary goal of the intervention was to reduce symptoms of perinatal depression and
      increase adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected women during pregnancy and
      the postpartum period.
    

Intervention name(s): Integrating Nuanced Support for Perinatal adherence and Depression
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): A 5-8 session intervention to decrease depressive symptoms and improve antiretroviral adherence among HIV-infected pregnant and postpartum women
Other intervention name(s): INSPireD
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: HIV; Medication adherence; PMTCT; Depression
Information With or Without Numbers For Optimizing Reasoning About Medical Decisions
Condition: Colorectal Cancer Screening
MeSH terms: Colorectal Neoplasms
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Experts believe that increasing the low uptake of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC)
      requires educating patients about all approved tests and helping them choose one that fits
      their preferences. As one motto puts it: "The best test is the one that gets done." Screening
      tests range from more invasive and very sensitive for polyps and cancer (colonoscopy) to less
      invasive and less sensitive (e.g., fecal immunochemical testing (FIT)). But it is unclear how
      best to educate patients about the options and the tradeoffs involved. Some guidelines
      recommend that decision aids, a promising tool in this area, provide patients with detailed
      quantitative information, including baseline risk, risk reduction, and chance of negative
      outcomes. But this sort of "comparative effectiveness" data can confuse patients, especially
      those with limited mathematical ability. Previous studies have not measured the effect of
      providing quantitative information to patients with varying levels of ability or interest or
      asked them whether such data is essential for their decision-making.

      The investigators will conduct a clinical trial to determine the impact on patients who view
      a decision aid (DA) that includes quantitative information versus a DA without such data. The
      investigators will also seek to determine whether numeracy moderates the effect of
      quantitative information.
    


Intervention name(s): DA - Quantitative; DA - Verbal
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Screening
Keywords: decision aid; cancer screening; colorectal neoplasm; decision making; risk communication; numeracy; health literacy
Effect of Selenium on Serum Adiponectin, Homocystein and Malnutrition-inflammation Complex Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients
Condition: Oxidative Stress; Inflammation; Malnutrition
MeSH terms: Malnutrition; Inflammation
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      The aim of this study is to determine the effect of selenium supplementation as an
      antioxidant on serum adiponectin, HSCRP , ferritin , transferrin, albumin and homocysteine
      level.
    

Detailed description: 
      After screening all of 280 patients under regular HD in Faghihi Hospital Hemodialysis Center,
      80 stable patients in the age range of 18-80 years old were found to be eligible for
      enrollment and give their informed consent to participate in this trial.The Ethics Committee
      of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences reviewed and approved the protocol of this
      study.These patients are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into 2 groups of selenium(200µg) or
      placebo and followed for 12 weeks.Before the onset of the treatment and after the end of the
      treatment phase of the study, 10cc blood samples were taken from each patient. The blood was
      taken from the patient's arm used for hemodialysis cannulae just before the beginning of the
      HD session. The serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 g/min for 5 min and stored at
      -70°C. Serum levels of adiponectin,high sensitive C-reactive protein (HSCRP), ferritin,
      transferrin, homocysteine, calcium, phosphate, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and
      creatinine as well as hemoglobin (Hb) levels (g/dL) were measured in all patients at the
      baseline and at the end of treatment phase of study.
    

Intervention name(s): Selenium Supplement; placebo
Intervention type(s): Dietary Supplement; Other
Intervention description(s): The patients in this arm took 200 microgram selenium yeast daily for 12 weeks.; The patients in this arm took one placebo capsule daily for 12 weeks.
Intervention MeSH terms: Selenium
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: inflammation; oxidative stress; selenium; hemodialysis
Post Exercise Substrate Oxidation, Appetite and Energy Intakes in Overweight/Obese Postmenopausal Women (EScAPE)
Condition: Overweight; Postmenopausal
MeSH terms: Overweight
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      High-intensity interval exercise (HIIT), as compared to moderate intensity continuous
      training (MICT), is a time-efficient strategy to decrease total and abdominal fat mass (FM).
      However, the mechanisms underlying such adaptations are not yet elucidated and research are
      still needed to establish the optimal HIIT according to subject characteristics. The aim of
      this study was to compare acute HIIE and MICE cycling exercises on enjoyment, post-exercise
      substrate oxidation, appetite and energy intakes over 24h in postmenopausal women with
      overweight or obesity. It is hypothesized that compared with the traditional MICE, HIIE could
      favor greater enjoyment, higher 2h-post-exercise fat oxidation and a similar energy intakes
      over 24h despite different post-exercise appetite perceptions.
    

Detailed description: 
      The aim of this study was to compare acute HIIE and MICE cycling exercises on enjoyment,
      post-exercise substrate oxidation, and appetite and energy intakes over 24h in postmenopausal
      women with overweight or obesity.

      Using a randomized crossover design, 12 postmenopausal women completed 3 cycling exercises at
      6-days intervals:

      i) Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (MICE) which consisted of 35 min cycling at 60-65%
      theorical Peak Heart Rate (thPHR) ii) High Intensity Interval Exercise 1 (HIIE 1) 60 cycles
      of speeding up for 8 s at 80-90%thPHR followed by pedaling slowly for 12 s (20min) iii) High
      Intensity Interval Exercise 2 (HIIE 2) which consisted of repeated 10 x 1min at 80-90% thPHR
      followed by pedaling slowly for 1min.

      Substrate oxidation (CHO and FAT) were measured at rest and 2h- post exercise. Enjoyment,
      perceived exertion and appetite were recorded and post-exercise energy intakes were assessed
      over 24h.
    

Intervention name(s): Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise; High-Intensity Interval Exercise (1); High-Intensity Interval Exercise (2)
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Participant completed a moderate intensity continuous cycling exercise (MICE) during 35 min at 60-65% thPHRmax; Participant completed a high-intensity interval cycling exercise (HIIE 1) during 20min with 60 cycles of speeding up for 8s and pedaling slowly for 12s at 80-90% thPHRmax; Participant completed a high-intensity interval cycling exercise (HIIE 2) during 20min with 10 x 1-min bouts at 80-90% thPHRmax, separated by 1-min recovery bouts
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Exercise Modalities; Postmenopausal women; High-intensity interval exercise; CHO and FAT oxidation; Appetite; Energy intakes; Enjoyment
Single-dose Iloperidone Pharmacokinetics in Patients With Mild or Moderate Liver Disease, Compared to Healthy Volunteers
Condition: Hepatic Impairment
MeSH terms: Liver Diseases
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      This study aims to determine the pharmacokinetic profile and the tolerability of iloperidone
      in subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment comparatively to healthy matched
      subjects
    


Intervention name(s): Iloperidone
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention MeSH terms: Iloperidone
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Keywords: Hepatic impairment; Iloperidone; ILO522D; Pharmacokinetics
An Open Label Study of the Effects of SHR1459 in NMOSDs Patients
Condition: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
MeSH terms: Neuromyelitis Optica
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2

Summary: 
      This is an open-label study, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR1459 in participants
      with NMOSDs.
    

Detailed description: 
      Therefore, the investigators of this study are investigating whether SHR1459 could prevent
      relapse of NMOSDs.

      The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of SHR1459 in NMOSDs
      patients.

      The secondary objectives are to determine:

      The safety profile of SHR 1459 in patients with NMOSDs. Whether SHR1459 reduce MRI lesions
      and APQ4-Abs level.
    

Intervention name(s): Drug - SHR1459
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): Oral Tablets taken once daily for 52 weeks
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Observational Study Concerning COVID-19 Infection in Transplanted Kidney, Pancreas or Pancreatic Islet Patients
Condition: Kidney Transplant; Pancreas Tranplant; Pancreatic Islet Transplantation
MeSH terms: COVID-19
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Collect informations on the health status of transplanted patients (kidney, kidney /
      pancreas, pancreas or pancreatic islet) during the COVID-19 pandemic. All informations will
      be collected by short questionnaire via phone.
    


Intervention name(s): Practice details
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Questionnaire
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Transplanted Kidney, Pancreas or Pancreatic Islet patients
      
Keywords: COVID-19 infection; Transplanted patients; kidney transplant; pancreas transplant; pancreatic islet transplantation