Investigation of the Effect of Different Eye Exercises on Hypermetropia in School-age Children
Condition: Hyperopia
MeSH terms: Hyperopia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Hypermetropia in school-aged children is a pathology which is very common and responds to
      treatments early. No studies have been found in the literature on the efficancy of the
      hypermetropia treatments with physiotherapy methods. In our study, it was aimed to
      investigate the effects of different eye exercises on hypermetropia defects in school age
      children aged 7-17 years and to determine whether exercise protocols have superiority against
      each other.
    

Detailed description: 
      60 volunteer school-aged children (30 girls, 30 boys, between 7-17 years of age) were
      included in our study. 60 participants were randomly divided into three groups: eye
      exercises, convergence exercises and oculomotor exercise groups. Home exercise protocols were
      given to all groups for 2 sessions per day for 6 weeks, and regular phone calls were made
      once a week. Participants were assessed for their hypermetropic grades by autorefractometry,
      visual acuity by snellen chart, near and sharp visual acuity by activities of daily vision
      scale, and the health-related quality of life by pediatric quality of life inventory 4.0
      version (PEDSQI 4.0) children report.
    

Intervention name(s): Eye exercises group; Convergence exercise group; Oculomotor Exercise Group (OMEG)
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): 20 times hot water, 20 times cold water washing face in the morning and evening.
Palming; 2 hands are rubbed together and warmed up, and the eyes are closed, and 8 digits are drawn with eyes in darkness.
20 blinks
Looking at a clock in a circular shape, from 12 to 6, from 6 to 12, from 3 to 9, from 9 to 3, from 2 to 8, from 8 to 2, oblique from 10 to 4, from 4 to 10, and turning the eyes starting from 12 clockwise and counterclockwise. At the end of the exercises, 2-3 minutes of light massage around the eyes and on sunny days, sunbathing was recommended by closing the eyes for 3-5 minutes and swinging to the left and right.; Close eyes for 15 s,
Focus on a point 1 to 1.5 ft away for 10 s,
Close eyes for 5 s,
Focus on a point 20 ft away for 10 s,
Close eyes for 5 s,
Focus on a point 1 to 1.5 ft away for 10 s,
Blink for 5 s,
Close eyes for 5 s.; The saccadic eye movement exercise included moving the eyes horizontally between two stationary targets while keeping the head still.
The smooth pursuit exercise included moving the target horizontally and tracking it with the eyes while keeping the head still.
The adaptation X1 exercise included moving the head horizontally while keeping the stationary target in focus.
The adaptation X2 exercise included moving the head and target in opposite directions horizontally while tracking the target with the eyes.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Study
Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: eye exercises; convergence exercise; hyperopia; oculomotor exercise; school-age children