The Comparison of Sympathetic Blockade of Stellate Ganglion Block and Thoracic Paravertebral Block
Condition: Complex Regional Pain Syndromes; Postherpetic Neuralgia; Phantom Limb Pain; Chronic Post Surgical Pain; Post-Traumatic Neuralgia; Neuropathic Pain
MeSH terms: Neuralgia; Complex Regional Pain Syndromes; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy; Phantom Limb; Neuralgia, Postherpetic; Pain, Postoperative
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided thoracic
      paravertebral block (TPVB) when performing sympathetic block for upper limb pain control.
    

Detailed description: 
      Well-trained pain physicians performs all US-guided stellate ganglion block(SGB)s or
      US-guided thoracic paravertebrl block(TPVB)s, who is not involved in evaluating study
      variables. Electrocardiography, noninvasive blood pressure, heart rate, and peripheral oxygen
      saturation were monitored for all patients before, while, and after conducting procedure.

      For US-guided SGB, patients are supine positioned, and skin preparation on injection site is
      done with chlorohexidine. Procedure is conducted under ultrasound guidance at C6 level. 5 ml
      of 1% mepivacaine is injected for the SGB group. Syringes are prepared by one nurse who do
      not involved in other steps of this study.

      For US-guided TPVB, patients are prone positioned, and skin preparation on injection site is
      done with chlorohexidine. Procedure is conducted under ultrasound guidance at T2
      paravertebral space. 10 ml of 1% mepivacaine is injected for the TPVB group. Syringes are
      prepared by one nurse who do not involved in other steps of this study.

      Temperature measurement is conducted 2 times (before US-guided SGB or TPVB and after 20
      minutes) at both hands by one person who's not involved in other measuring in the study.
    

Intervention name(s): US-SGB; US-TPVB
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Intervention description(s): Well trained pain physician performs all the ultrasound(US)-guided stellate ganglion block(SGB)s, who is not involved in evaluating study variables. Electrocardiography, noninvasive blood pressure, heart rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation were monitored for all patients before, while, and after conducting procedure. For US-guided SGB, patients are supine positioned, and skin preparation on injection site is done with chlorohexidine. Procedure is conducted under ultrasound guidance at C6 level. 5 ml of 1% mepivacaine is injected for the US-SGB group.; Well trained pain physician performs all the ultrasound(US)-guided thoracic paravertebral block(SGB)s, who is not involved in evaluating study variables. Electrocardiography, noninvasive blood pressure, heart rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation were monitored for all patients before, while, and after conducting procedure. For US-guided TPVB, patients are prone positioned, and skin preparation on injection site is done with chlorohexidine. Procedure is conducted under ultrasound guidance at T2 paravertebral space. 10 ml of 1% mepivacaine is injected for the US-TPVB group.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment