Uterine Anatomical Flexion Degree ( Uterocervical Angle) and Intrauterine Device (IUD) Dislocation
Condition: Contraception; Intrauterine Device Dislocation
MeSH terms: Joint Dislocations
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Investigators want to find numerical determination of the degree of anatomical anterior or
      posterior flexion of the uterus (uterocervical angle) at the intersection of both lines using
      a protractor, provided that straight lines are drawn from the middle of the cervical canal
      and the middle of the endometrial canal in cases where the intrauterine device is found to
      have dislocated and and cases with no dislocation. Investigators will also measure uterus
      size, uterine width, cervical canal length, endometrial canal length, endometrial canal width
      and compare the results in both groups.
    

Detailed description: 
      IUD (intrauterine device) is one of the most preferred birth control methods in our country
      and in the world, and this usage rate is approximately 23% in the world. In our country, this
      rate is around 17%. The high chance of success, ease of use and long-term effectiveness can
      be counted among the reasons for preference.Currently used IUD is a 'T' shaped, has a 380 mm
      copper surface and its arms open at the widest part of the endometrium (TCu380A), thereby
      preventing it from slipping back. Undesirable effects include pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea,
      heavy menstrual bleeding, malposition/dislocation. Malposition/dislocation occurs in
      approximately 10% of patients. Malposition/dislocation of the IUD may be associated with
      excessive menstrual bleeding, or the IUD may be displaced without any symptoms.
      Malposition/dislocation can be classified as expulsion, burial, displacement, or perforation.
      Expulsion is defined as partial or complete protrusion of the cervical canal, and
      displacement is defined as rotation of the IUD or its displacement towards the lower
      segments. At the same time, IUD may be embedded in the myometrium to such an extent that it
      does not reach the serosa of the myometrium, while it may puncture the serosa and cause
      perforation may occur. TCu380A devices have a 6% risk of expulsion in the first 1 year.
      Displacement or slippage of the IUD reduces the effectiveness of the IUD and may cause
      expulsion. Therefore, being able to predict that the IUD will not slip is very important in
      terms of preventing unwanted pregnancies. In our study, in both groups with and without
      displaced IUD, uterus size, uterine width, cervical canal length, endometrial canal length,
      endometrial canal width, and the angle at the intersection of the imaginary lines
      corresponding to the middle of the endometrium and cervical canal, which can be detected by
      transvaginal ultrasound were measured. Investigators aimed to determine the measurements and
      compare the obtained data to find associated factors related to dislocation.
    

Intervention name(s): measuring uterocervical angle and uterine dimensions
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): in both groups with and without displaced IUD, uterus size, uterine width, cervical canal length, endometrial canal length, endometrial canal width, and the angle at the intersection of the imaginary lines corresponding to the middle of the endometrium and cervical canal, which can be detected by transvaginal ultrasound will be measured
Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        patients with and without intrauterine device displacement