The Effect of Breathing Exercise and Stabilization Exercise With Chronic Low Back Pain
Condition: Low Back Pain; Sleep Hygiene; Anxiety
MeSH terms: Back Pain; Low Back Pain
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aim of this study is to compare the effect of sleep hygiene, breathing exercises, and
      stabilization exercises on pain, sleep quality, and anxiety level in patients with
      non-specific chronic low back pain.
    

Detailed description: 
      Addressing sleep problems in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP) can
      reduce chronic pain, the risk of developing depressive illness and improve pain-related
      quality of life.

      Sleep is a concept that has physiological, psychological, and social dimensions. Sleep is one
      of the essential and indispensable daily life activities that affect individuals' quality of
      life and well-being. Decreasing pain is expected and likely to improve sleep quality. Still,
      it is unknown what will happen due to improving sleep quality to resolve the pain of unknown
      origin.

      Education about sleep hygiene with physiotherapy has not been assessed before on individuals
      with nonspecific LBP. Since this training will require a lifestyle change, individuals should
      be warned not once but several times in a certain time, and this training should be
      reinforced. This will be an advantage for the patients receiving physiotherapy, and their
      therapists will support them in applying this training during the physiotherapy sessions.

      In our study, individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain will be divided into three
      groups using the blinding method as part of a randomized controlled trial.

      The first group, as the conventional physical therapy group, will receive a hot pack and TENS
      only.

      The second group, as the stabilization group, will receive lumbar stabilization exercises and
      the conventional physical therapy program.

      The third group, as the breathing exercise group, will receive breathing exercises, including
      sleep hygiene and stabilization group program.
    

Intervention name(s): Conventional physical therapy; Lumbar stabilization exercises; Breathing exercises
Intervention type(s): Device; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Hot packs or hot water bags are superficial warming agents that will be used to heat muscle tissue, reduce muscle spasms and pain sensation. TENS is a pain reliever application.; Training about the concepts of stabilization and abdominal bracing is given before starting the study. The motor control tests for local muscles transversus abdominus and multifidi are performed after the training. The abdominal bracing test is performed in the quadruped position, in prone, and in hook lying position with the patient's spine supine with hips and knees flexed and knees in contact with the surface. The second stage consists of closed-chain segmental control exercises. It is a series of weight-bearing exercises are performed on stable and unstable surfaces. The last stage of the stabilization program is an open kinetic chain exercise to promote distal stability.; Breathing exercises consist of the techniques of diaphragmatic and pursed-lip breathing. During diaphragmatic breathing, attention is focused on the correct abdominal breathing. The pursed-lip breathing is one step further to the diaphragmatic breathing and a technique designed to have control time and volume over-breathing. This intervention also includes Sleep Hygiene education to the subjects,
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain; Sleep Quality; Breathing Exercises