Central Sensitization in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
Condition: Familial Mediterranean Fever; Central Sensitisation
MeSH terms: Brucellosis; Familial Mediterranean Fever; Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases; Fever
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease with a course
      of autoinflammation, which is characterized by the episodes of fever and serositis. Central
      sensitization (CS) is defined as increased response to normal or sub-threshold stimuli of
      central nervous system and its close relationship with many rheumatological diseases has been
      demonstrated in several studies. However, there are no data on the frequency of CS in FMF
      patients.
    

Detailed description: 
      Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a self-limiting autoinflammatory disease with
      well-defined genetic and clinical features. Recurrent episodes of fever and serositis
      accompanied by increased acute phase reactants and good response to colchicine are the core
      components of the disease. The frequency of this disease, which is common in Eastern
      Mediterranean countries, is variable according to regions, but it is reported as 1/1000. In
      the pathogenesis of the disease, the mutation of the MEFV (Mediterranean Fever) gene, which
      is located on the 16th chromosome and encodes the pyrin protein, is known as the basic
      mechanism.In rheumatic diseases, inflammatory mediators cause CS by first creating changes in
      the regulation of pain in peripheral neurons and then in spinal and supraspinal pathways.
      Stimulation of peripheral nerves by mediators released during inflammation results in
      neurogenic inflammation, which is among the peripheral sensitization (PS) mechanisms. PS is
      defined as the increased sensitivity of nociceptive neurons to normal or below-threshold
      stimuli and constitutes the first step in the development of CS.Similar to other autoimmune
      diseases, it is possible that the neuroinflammatory process triggers peripheral and central
      sensitization mechanisms in FMF patients and affects pain pathways.
    

Intervention name(s): Central Sensitization Inventory; Short form-36; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Health assessment questionnaire; Hospital anxiety and depression scale; Fibromyalgia rapid screening tool; Familial Mediterranean Fever Quality of life scale
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test; Other; Other; Other; Other; Diagnostic Test; Other
Intervention description(s): Standardized questionnaire to determine the level of central sensitization; Standardized questionnaire to investigate the quality of life in patients; Standardized questionnaire to investigate the sleep quality and disturbance; Standardized questionnaire used to detect the presence of disability; Standardized questionnaire to investigate the depression and anxiety; Standardized questionnaire to determine the presence of fibromyalgia; Standardized questionnaire to investigate the quality of life in Familial Mediterranean Fever patients
Other intervention name(s): CSI; SF-36; PSQI; HAQ; HADS; FIRST; FMFQoL
Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Patients with FMF
      
Keywords: Familial Mediterranean Fever; Central Sensitization; Central Sensitization Inventory