Postprandial Fatty Acids and FABP2 in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Condition: Dyslipidemia; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dyslipidemias
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study will be conducted in type 2 diabetic patient's to evaluate the if there is a
      different response of serum lipids after a standard meal (rich in saturated fatty acids) in
      patients who have the presence of a genetic alteration. This alteration that will be
      evaluated is a polymorphism, change of an amino acid in the gene of FABP2. This gene that can
      influence the absorption of lipids in the intestine and subjects who have the altered
      genotype (presence of T allele) can have an abnormal lipid profile as compared to subjects
      without this genotype.
    

Detailed description: 
      Background: The presence of Ala54Thr polymorphism of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2
      gene (FABP2) might influence the intestinal absorption of dietary fatty acids (FAs) and has
      been associated with diabetic nephropathy.

      Objective: We studied the postprandial serum FAs in type 2 diabetic patients homozygous for
      Thr54 (TT; n = 11) or for Ala54 (AA; n = 15) after a standard meal.Design: Patients received
      a sandwich (7.23 kcal/kg-total energy; 43.35% fat, 21.95% protein, and 34.70% carbohydrate)
      in the morning after 12-h fasting and FAs in chylomicrons (gas chromatograph), plasma
      glucose, and serum triacylglycerols were measured at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. Results: TT and AA
      patients did not differ regarding age (61.6±6.7 vs. 62.0±7.7years), diabetes duration
      (12.7±6.9 vs. 13.1±5.6years), male proportion (72.7 vs. 86.7%), blood pressure, type of
      diabetes treatment and previous macronutrients intake as well as serum A1C test (6.5±0.6 vs.
      6.7±0.4%), LDL (3.0±1.0 vs. 3.2±0.6mmo/L), HDL (1.3±0.2 vs. 1.3±0.4mmol/L), triacylglycerols
      [1.6(1.0-3.4) vs. 1.6(0.6-3.7)mmol/L], saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs,
      and trans-unsaturated FAs. The increase in serum glucose and triacylglycerols after the meal
      (ANOVA,P<0.001) was not different in both groups. The maximum increase of FAs occurred at 6-h
      postprandial, but only in TT patients: saturated FAs increased from 464.4(56.9-1602.5) to
      1249.5(214.5-7149.8)mg/dL (P=0.041), monounsaturated FAs from 387.9(30.2-1523.8) to
      925.1(344.6-5554.0)mgd/L (P=0.026), polyunsaturated FAs from 258.9(0-1048.5) to
      713.1(143.7-7987.6)mg/dL (P=0.021), trans-unsaturated FAs from 18.5(1.9-70.6) to
      66.5(5.0-451.7)mg/dL (P=0.023). Conclusion: The presence of the T allele of Ala54Thr
      polymorphism of FABP2 gene in type 2 diabetic patients increases absorption of dietary FAs,
      including the trans-unsaturated FAs, and this might turns these patients more susceptible to
      the effect of diet composition.
    

Intervention name(s): sandwich
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): standard meal:sandwich (7.23 kcal/kg-total energy; 43.35% fat, 21.95% protein, and 34.70% carbohydrate)
Other intervention name(s): fat meal
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Keywords: Serum Fatty Acids; FABP2 Gene; Polymorphism Ala54Thr