Triphala Supplementation and High-intensity Interval Exercise and Immune System Function and Oxidative Stress
Condition: Triphala Capsule Supplementation; High-intensity Interval Training
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2

Summary: 
      One hundred and forty-one male and female participants aged 18-59 years were randomly divided
      into 4 groups: 1) control group: neither received exercise program nor supplement but
      received placebo capsule for 8 weeks 2) experiment-1: received Triphala capsule at 1,000
      mg/day, before breakfast for 500 mg and before dinner for 500 mg, for consecutive 5 days/week
      for 8 weeks 3) experiment-2: received leg cycling exercise program in the form of
      high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for 28 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks and 4)
      experiment-3: received both Triphala capsule and HIIT in the similar extent to the
      experiment-1 and experiment-2 groups for 8 weeks. Immune system function and oxidative stress
      including blood interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha),
      malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyls levels were analyzed. In addition, blood alanine
      aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme and creatinine levels were also analyzed for determining liver
      and kidney toxicity, particularly in the Triphala supplementation and combined Triphala
      supplementation and HIIT groups.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study aimed to investigate and compare immune system function and oxidative stress
      before and after supplementation with Triphala and high-intensity interval training in
      individuals with post COVID-19. One hundred and forty-one male and female participants aged
      18-59 years were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) control group: neither received exercise
      program nor supplement but received placebo capsule for 8 weeks 2) experiment-1: received
      Triphala capsule at 1,000 mg/day, before breakfast for 500 mg and before dinner for 500 mg,
      for consecutive 5 days/week for 8 weeks 3) experiment-2: received leg cycling exercise
      program in the form of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for 28 min/day, 3 days/week
      for 8 weeks and 4) experiment-3: received both Triphala capsule and HIIT in the similar
      extent to the experiment-1 and experiment-2 groups for 8 weeks. Immune system function and
      oxidative stress including blood interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha
      (TNF-alpha), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyls levels were analyzed. In addition,
      blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme and creatinine levels were also analyzed for
      determining liver and kidney toxicity, particularly in the Triphala supplementation and
      combined Triphala supplementation and HIIT groups. Results showed that levels of IFN-gamma,
      TNF-alpha, MDA, and protein carbonyls before 8-week program were not different among 4
      groups. After the program the levels of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, MDA, and protein carbonyls were
      significantly decreased in the Triphala supplementation, HIIT, and combined Triphala
      supplementation and HIIT groups (all p < 0.05). However, there were no significant
      differences between groups. Besides, levels of ALT enzyme and creatinine were not different
      among the 4 groups both before and after the 8-week program. There were also no significant
      differences between groups. This study concluded that in individuals with post COVID-19,
      Triphala supplementation at 1,000 mg/day, 5 days/week for consecutive 8 weeks can improve
      immune system function and alleviate oxidative stress. These outcomes are similar to those of
      HIIT and combined Triphala supplementation and HIIT interventions. However, prolonged
      investigation periods may help observing differences between interventions.
    

Intervention name(s): Triphala capsule supplementation and high-intensity interval training
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Triphala capsule supplementation is categorized in dietary supplement but and high-intensity interval training is included as other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Other