Impact Evaluation of GAIN Egg Campaign in Two Nigerian States
Condition: Egg Consumption
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Improved infant and young child feeding, including dietary quality and diversity, is
      important for child health and development. In the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health
      Survey, only 18% of children 6-23 months of age received at least 4 food groups in the
      previous 24 hours. In Kaduna, one of the poorest states, dietary diversity is low and
      consumption of eggs is infrequent, with households reporting consuming eggs only one day per
      week. Eggs are a nutrient-dense food, which can contribute enormously to a child's dietary
      quality. This study evaluates whether a 14-month behavior change intervention about eggs can
      increase the procurement and consumption of eggs in children 6-59 months of age living in
      Nigeria. The intervention includes delivery of messages about the health benefits of eggs
      through Above-the-line methods and Below-the-line methods. The intervention is evaluated
      using a longitudinal quasi-experimental design in two states in Nigeria with pre- and
      post-test questionnaires designed to assess changes in acquisition and consumption of eggs.
    

Detailed description: 
      The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) seeks to improve dietary quality among
      children under-five years of age in Kaduna by increasing the demand for eggs through
      above-the-line and below-the-line behavior change interventions incorporating mass media,
      social media, and point-of-sale (POS) marketing. Above-the-line (ATL) interventions include
      television, radio, celebrity ambassadors and out-of-home (OOH) advertising (e.g.,
      billboards). Below-the-line interventions (BTL) include interpersonal communication (IPC)
      activation, trade promotions, point-of-sale materials, food demonstrations and giveaways and
      door-to-door activation.

      GAIN conducted a quasi-experimental longitudinal study of a demand creation campaign, using
      ATL and BTL interventions, among families of children 6-59 months of age to determine the
      impact on egg consumption among children and egg acquisition. Kaduna state was chosen as the
      intervention arm, and Kano state as the comparison arm. Within Kaduna state, the Kaduna North
      and Chikun local government areas (LGAs) were selected to receive ATL and BTL demand creation
      interventions. The comparison state, Kano, received no demand creation campaign.

      The principal comparison for measuring the effect of demand creation interventions will be
      across states, comparing the combined effects of ATL and BTL interventions with the
      comparison areas which received no intervention.

      Investigators also set out to determine the impact of this intervention on mediating outcomes
      in the hypothesized causal framework. Proximal mediators included caregivers' attitudes and
      beliefs toward eggs and willingness to pay for eggs.
    

Intervention name(s): Egg demand creation campaign
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Egg demand creation campaign including 14 months of above-the-line and below-the-line messaging.
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Longitudinal pre- post-evaluation of intervention and comparison group
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Prevention