The Effect of Bruxism on Temporomandibular Disorders
Condition: Bruxism; Temporomandibular Disorder
MeSH terms: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome; Bruxism
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      This case-control study consists of 120 participants aged between 18 and 65 years. Case group
      included 60 patients with bruxism who presented to physical medicine and rehabilitation
      outpatient clinic between May 2021 and August 2021. Control group included 60 healthy
      participant. Patients who had temporomandibular region surgery, congenital teporomandibular
      joint pathologies, and previous temporomandibular region trauma were also excluded.
      Assessments including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), education level, and symptom
      duration were recorded. Patients was evaluated according to the Diagnostic Criteria for
      Temporomandibular Disorders: Assessment Instruments. Patients was evaluated by Diagnostic
      Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: TMD Pain Screener, Symptom questionnaire, Clinical
      Examination Form from Assessment Instruments Axis I. Pain Drawing, Graded Chronic Pain
      (version 2), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-8 (JFLS-8), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4)
      , Oral Behaviors Checklist were applied within the scope of Axis II.
    

Detailed description: 
      The aim of this study was to effect of bruxism on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) diagnosed
      by means of the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD).

      This case-control study consists of 120 participants aged between 18 and 65 years. Case group
      will be included 60 patients with bruxism who presented to physical medicine and
      rehabilitation outpatient clinic between May 2021 and August 2021. Control group will be
      included 60 healthy participant. Patients who had temporomandibular region surgery,
      congenital teporomandibular joint pathologies, and previous temporomandibular region trauma
      were also excluded.

      Assessments including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), education level, and symptom
      duration will be recorded. Patients will evaluated according to the Diagnostic Criteria for
      Temporomandibular Disorders: Assessment Instruments. Patients was evaluated by Diagnostic
      Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: TMD Pain Screener, Symptom questionnaire, Clinical
      Examination Form from Assessment Instruments Axis I. Pain Drawing, Graded Chronic Pain
      (version 2), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-8 (JFLS-8), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4)
      , Oral Behaviors Checklist will applied within the scope of Axis II.
    

Intervention name(s): examination
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): The presence of bruxism was based on self-reported bruxism and examination. Self reported bruxism was recorded as "yes" or "no" . Participants were examined for the existence of four clinical signs of bruxism: (I) abnormal tooth wear, (II) impressions of teeth in the buccal area, (III) impressions of teeth on the tongue, and (IV) hypertrophy of the masseter muscle. In this study, clinical signs of bruxism were considered present if one of the four items was answered "yes."
Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        This case-control study consists of 120 participants aged between 18 and 65 years. Case
        group included 60 patients with bruxism who presented to physical medicine and
        rehabilitation outpatient clinic between May 2021 and August 2021. Control group included
        60 healthy participant.
      
Keywords: bruxism; Temporomandibular Disorder