Cardiovascular Effects of Aerobic and Strength Training in Hypertensive Middle-aged Individuals
Condition: Arterial Hypertension
MeSH terms: Hypertension
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is characterized by elevated and sustained blood
      pressure levels, related to several risk factors. Modifying lifestyle to combat risk factors
      associated with cardiovascular disease is critical, as such factors are related alteration of
      endothelial vasodilator response leading to progressive loss of its protective function.
      However, endothelial dysfunction related to hypertension is not only related to the decrease
      in the bioavailability of endothelium relaxants, but also to the time of presence of
      hypertension, increased production of vessel contraction factors and oxidative stress related
      to the disease. In this way, physical training presents as a non-drug strategy capable of
      directly and indirectly influencing the pathophysiology of hypertension. In this way the
      objective of the present work will be to evaluate the acute and chronic effect of aerobic
      exercise and strength on blood pressure, blood markers of vasodilation and vascular
      endothelial vasoconstriction, as well as the repercussion on flow-mediated dilatation and
      oxidative stress markers, In middle-aged hypertensive individuals before and after 12 weeks
      of training. Study hypothesis: The expected results of the research are that the endothelial
      response of biochemical markers of vasodilation and vasoconstriction will change positively
      after aerobic and strength training and the responses will be similar when compared between
      groups. There will be an improvement in the antioxidant capacity in both groups and the
      magnitude of the hypotensive effect will be greater in the aerobic group when compared to
      control and strength.
    


Intervention name(s): Strength training group; Aerobic Training Group
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Individuals in the strength training group will perform exercises based on exercises with free weights and equipment, for upper and lower limbs with a weekly frequency of three times for twelve weeks. The periodization will start with 2 sets, 15 - 20 repetitions, passive rest of 120 seconds, exercises performed alternating by segments and the intensity of 50% of maximum repetition. After twelve weeks the periodization will be finished with 3 sets, 8-12 repetitions, passive rest of 120 seconds, exercises performed alternated by segments and the intensity of 70% of maximum repetition.
The following exercises will compose the strength training protocol:
Squatting
Leg press
Knee Extension
Knee Flexion
Supine Challenge
High Pull
Elbow flexion
Extension of elbows
Development
Abdominal; Individuals in the aerobic training group will perform aerobic treadmill exercise three times a week for twelve weeks. The training prescription will be performed through the percentage of maximum oxygen consumption with intensity in 60% to 80% with an average duration of 50 minutes of continuous exercise.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: hypertension; Aerobic training; Strength training