Recreational Futsal for Controlled Hypertension
Condition: Hypertension,Essential; Hypertension; Blood Pressure Disorders; Blood Pressure
MeSH terms: Hypertension; Essential Hypertension
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Arterial hypertension (HT) was the leading global contributor for premature deaths in 2015.
      Its treatment includes medication and lifestyle changes, namely diet and regular exercise,
      which has shown to have an inverse relationship with arterial HT.

      Recreational soccer (RS) has proven to be a non-pharmacological treatment for several chronic
      conditions, including arterial HT, with meaningful decreases on blood pressure (BP).
      Recreation futsal (RF) is expected to elicit comparable BP changes to RS considering that it
      imposes similar physical and physiological demands.

      However, the effects of RF on BP and other cardiovascular markers have not been previously
      investigated in participants only with controlled arterial HT. Furthermore, acute BP changes
      and double product elicited by this exercise modality were never described.

      Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to assess if RF is an effective coadjuvant
      intervention for BP control in adults with controlled arterial HT. Secondary purposes are: i)
      to determine the impact of RF on other cardiovascular markers; ii) to describe the acute BP
      changes and the double product elicited by RF; and iii) to assess the impact of 1 month of
      detraining on BP and other cardiovascular markers (4 months).
    

Detailed description: 
      Statistical analysis:

      The efficacy of the intervention will be assessed by comparing the differences between groups
      at follow-up, adjusted for the outcome baseline values, systolic blood pressure, maximum
      oxygen consumption and age (ANCOVA).

      Intention-to-treat approach will be the main analysis. The missing data will be imputed by
      using multiple linear regression.

      A per protocol analysis will also be performed (intervention group: attendance of at least
      62.5% of the training sessions; control group: participants that did not engage in regular
      and supervised physical exercise or had an increase in dose or number of antihypertensive
      medication).

      The significance level will be set at 5%.

      Randomization:

      Stratified by baseline systolic blood pressure and maximum oxygen consumption.

      Contingency plan:

      If the recruitment rate is below than expected, potential measures are to include: i) 30-35-
      and 60-65-year-old participants; ii) participants with pre-hypertension or uncontrolled
      hypertension.
    

Intervention name(s): Recreational Futsal
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Participants will participate in 2-3 weekly one hour sessions of Recreational Futsal, during 3 months, while maintaining standard care provided by the family physician.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: futsal; controlled hypertension; recreational futsal; soccer; football