Active and Passive Distraction Techniques
Condition: Child, Only; Inhalation Therapy; Complications
MeSH terms: Respiratory Aspiration
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Treatment methods with nebulizers are used in the treatment of many diseases such as asthma,
      bronchitis, bronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis in children. Because inhalation therapy with a
      face mask is scary for children, it can be difficult to provide this therapy effectively and
      safely. Adaptation of the child and family is important for the success of inhalation
      therapy. Distraction techniques are among the most commonly used cognitive/behavioral
      methods. It determines the effect of "playing video games" and "watching cartoons" methods,
      which are active distraction methods during inhalation therapy, on the level of fear and
      anxiety.
    

Detailed description: 
      Hospitalization can be a threatening and stressful experience for children. Unfamiliar with
      the environment and medical procedures and unaware of the reasons for hospitalization can
      result in children's anger, uncertainty, anxiety and feelings of helplessness. Anxiety and
      fear are the most frequently reported among these negative reactions. In addition, high
      levels of anxiety and fear can be harmful to children's physiological and psychological
      health. Excessive anxiety and fear also inhibit children's effectiveness in coping with
      medical treatment and increase their negative emotions. It is thought that the levels of
      anxiety and fear in children will increase even more when they apply to the emergency
      services, especially in acute situations. Children who present to the emergency department
      with respiratory distress and cough can be given inhalation therapy as a result of physical
      examination and other tests. Today, inhalation therapy with a nebulizer is one of the most
      common and frequently used methods. Treatment methods with nebulizers are used in the
      treatment of many diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis in
      children. Because inhalation therapy with a face mask is scary for children, it can be
      difficult to provide this therapy effectively and safely. Adaptation of the child and family
      is important for the success of inhalation therapy.

      Evidence-based distraction methods can be used to provide effective inhalation and reduce
      fear of children. Recent research has focused on the use of non-pharmacological methods in
      the management of pain in children. Non-pharmacological methods used to manage pain and
      anxiety in children fall into three main groups; supportive methods, cognitive/behavioral
      methods, and physical methods. Distraction techniques are among the most commonly used
      cognitive/behavioral methods. It has been reported that distraction cards, watching cartoons,
      using kaleidoscope, and listening to music reduce pain, anxiety and fear levels. It is
      noteworthy that similar studies mostly focused on invasive applications. On the other hand,
      it is stated that studies on the effect of non-pharmacological methods in inhalation therapy,
      which is one of the common non-invasive procedures in children, are still limited. Another
      aim of this study is; This study determines the effect of "playing video games" and "watching
      cartoons" methods, which are active distraction methods during inhalation therapy, on the
      level of fear and anxiety.
    

Intervention name(s): Video game; Watching cartoons
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The child will be allowed to play the game they want to play throughout the entire procedure, starting 5 minutes before the inhalation therapy. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.; The cartoon is 5 min from the application. It will be started to be watched first and will continue until the application is finished. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: inhalation therapy; child; fear; cartoon; video game