The Effect of Digital Stories Prepared With Digital Audio File (Podcast) on Midwifery Learning
Condition: Education
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study was conducted as a randomized controlled study to determine the effect of digital
      stories prepared with a digital audio file (podcast) on learning in midwifery education. The
      study was carried out with Kocaeli University Midwifery 3rd grade students. Between October 3
      and October 7, 2022, which is the beginning of Kocaeli University 2022-2023 academic year
      academic calendar, a meeting was held with students about working outside the classroom. The
      study was completed with 65 students as experimental (n=33) and control group (n=32). Data
      were collected with participant information form, knowledge test, digital stories evaluation
      questionnaire prepared with digital audio file (podcast). These stories, which consist of
      three parts about preparation for natural birth, ideal birth environment and natural birth,
      were recorded in an appropriate environment and quality, accompanied by a trainer who is an
      expert in digital audio files (podcast) designs. The knowledge test was applied as a pre-test
      in the first encounter with the students who accepted the study. Digital stories were sent to
      the students in the experimental group in the form of e-mails. At the end of the unit, a
      post-test was administered to both groups. Again, 21 days later, the study was completed by
      conducting a retention test (knowledge test) and a digital story evaluation questionnaire
      prepared with a digital audio file (podcast) for both groups. After the study, digital
      stories prepared with a digital audio file (podcast) were sent to all students in the control
      group who completed the study, allowing the students to reinforce the subject. While
      evaluating the findings in the study, Number Cruncher Statistical System 2020 Statistical
      Software (NCSS LLC, Kaysville, Utah, USA) program was used for statistical analysis. While
      evaluating the research data, quantitative variables were shown with mean, standard
      deviation, median, min and max values, and qualitative variables were shown with descriptive
      statistical methods such as frequency and percentage. Shapiro Wilks test and Box Plot plots
      were used to evaluate the suitability of the data for normal distribution. Student's t-test,
      Mann Whitney-U test, Kruskal Wallis test, Dunn test, Spearman correlation analysis, linear
      regression, chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, Isher's Exact test and Fisher Freeman
      Halton and F test were used. The results were evaluated at 95% confidence interval and p<0.05
      significance level.
    

Detailed description: 
      Primary aim: The study is to determine the effect of digital stories prepared with digital
      audio files (podcasts) on learning in midwifery education.

      Hypotheses:

      H0: There is no difference between the knowledge test mean scores of the students in the
      experimental and control groups.

      H1: There is a statistically significant difference between the knowledge test mean scores of
      the experimental and control group students.

      H2: There is a statistically significant difference between the satisfaction of the
      experimental and control group students.

      H3: There is no statistically significant difference between the satisfaction of the
      experimental and control group students.

      This study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental study. The study will be
      carried out at Kocaeli University Faculty of Health Sciences between October 2022-November
      2022.

      In order to facilitate data collection, the universe of the research will be composed of 70
      3rd year midwifery students of Kocaeli University Faculty of Health Sciences in the 2022-2023
      academic year. The sample size was based on a study previously published in the literature in
      2013 to evaluate the training given to midwifery students on the legal and religious aspects
      of egg donation through a digital audio file (podcast). The sample calculation was calculated
      with the G*Power 3.1.9.2 program according to the data of the relevant article.With the
      obtained values, the effect size was calculated as 0.974. G*Power 3.1.9.2 program effect size
      and minimum number of students to be included in the study sample: 0.974; a=0.05; power was
      calculated as 0.95 and the sample size was determined to be less than 16. In order to
      increase the power of the analysis, the number of samples has been increased and n=16
      midwifery students will be included in each group. The experimental group n=16 and the
      control group n=16) were designed as a digital story prepared in the form of a digital audio
      file (podcast). In which group the students included in the study will be will be determined
      from the "Research Lists" website of the random number generation program and will be divided
      into two groups.

      Randomization: The group of mothers will be determined from the random number generator site
      called "Random Lists". Students will be divided into two groups as experimental and control
      groups. Thus, the number of each student will be determined and recorded.

      Research data were collected by using the Participant Information Form, Knowledge Test and
      the Questionnaire for Evaluating the Efficiency of Digital Stories Prepared as a Digital
      Audio File (Podcast).

      Exhibitor Information Form: The participant information form was created as a result of the
      literature review. With this form, students' age, employment status, education status of
      their parents, the place where they stay during the student period, the place where they
      provide internet access, the duration and purposes of internet use, the reasons for choosing
      the midwifery department, the internet usage status in midwifery education and the digital
      audio file (podcast) before. It includes the situation of listening to the digital story
      prepared in the form of a digital story and his thoughts on the use of digital stories
      prepared in the form of a digital audio file (podcast) in midwifery education.

      Knowledge test: It was prepared as 50 questions in order to measure the learning levels of
      the students, the information conveyed by digital stories prepared in the form of digital
      audio files (podcast). For the knowledge test created, arrangements were made by 10 expert
      midwife academicians by taking expert opinions. The relevant knowledge test was applied as a
      pre-test in the first encounter with the students. After listening to the digital stories
      prepared with a digital audio file (podcast), the experimental group was administered as a
      post-test and three weeks later as a permanence test.

      Digital Stories Prepared with a Digital Audio File (Podcast): The stories created by the
      researchers as a result of the literature review consisted of three parts: preparation for
      natural birth, ideal birth environment and storytelling of a natural birth. In the first
      part, Eda and Melisa's Birth Journey, in the second part, Eda and Melisa's Birth Circle, and
      in the third part, Eda and Melisa's Meeting Moment. These stories were turned into digital
      audio files (podcasts) by an educator from Kocaeli University Faculty of Communication who
      are experts in digital audio files (podcast) designs, in an appropriate environment and
      quality, and transmitted to the students.

      Questionnaire for Evaluating the Efficiency of Digital Stories Prepared with a Digital Audio
      File (Podcast): It is a form consisting of seven questions and 28 statements and was used to
      evaluate the effectiveness of digital stories to the experimental group students.

      Before the research, a pilot study will be conducted with the 3rd year students of the
      Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Selcuk University. This pilot study will
      be carried out between 26.09.2022 and 30.09.2022 by the researcher using face-to-face
      interview technique. Students will be asked not to share the study with other students and on
      social media platforms by signing a consent form and confidentiality agreement.

      The main study will be carried out with Kocaeli University Midwifery 3rd year students.
      Between October 3 and October 7, 2022, which is the beginning of Kocaeli University 2022-2023
      academic year academic calendar, a meeting will be held with students about extracurricular
      work and details will be shared. Participants will be informed that they can leave the
      research at any time and the study will be completed with volunteer participants. All
      students participating in the study will sign a confidentiality agreement and it will be
      ensured that they do not share their work with other students and on platforms such as social
      media. A participant information form consisting of 22 questions and a knowledge test
      consisting of 50 statements (pre/post test for natural birth and permanence test) will be
      applied to both groups.

      Randomization will be made among the students who accepted to participate in the study, and
      two groups will be formed as experimental and control groups. Digital stories prepared with a
      digital audio file (podcast) will be sent to the students in the experimental group via
      e-mail. At the end of the relevant topic at the time planned in the academic calendar, a
      face-to-face interview will be provided to both groups, and a post-test will be applied to
      both groups. A questionnaire for evaluating the effectiveness of digital stories prepared
      with a digital audio file (podcast) will be applied to the experimental group students. All
      students will be given a retention test 21 days after the post-test. After the permanence
      test is applied, digital stories will be sent to the students in the control group via
      e-mail.
    

Intervention name(s): Digital Story Group Prepared With Digital Audio File (Podcast); Control Group
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The students determined as a result of the randomization will be given a pre-test before the introduction to the "Normal Birth and Postpartum Period " course, which is planned according to the academic calendar. Simultaneously with the subject, digital stories prepared with a digital audio file (podcast) will be sent to the students via e-mail and they will be listened to. At the end of the subject on the date planned according to the academic calendar, the students will be interviewed again and a questionnaire will be applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the digital stories prepared with the post-test and digital audio file (podcast). The retention test will be applied 21 days after the last test application.; After the students in the control group are determined, a pre-test will be conducted before the subject receives education. The same knowledge test will be repeated as a post-test after the students receive the classical course education and after the end of the subject. Students will be given a retention test 21 days after the last test. After the retention test application, digital stories prepared with a digital audio file (podcast) will be sent to the students in the control group. In this way, all students participating in the study will have access to the training material used in addition.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Other
Keywords: Digital audio file; podcast; digital story; midwifery; education; natural birth