Brachial Plexus Block vs. General Anesthesia for Anesthesia Anxiety Before Orthopedic Upper Extremity Surgery
Condition: Orthopedic Disorder; Anxiety; Upper Extremity Injury; Surgery
MeSH terms: Musculoskeletal Diseases; Arm Injuries; Anxiety Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Surgical procedures and anesthesia applications are situations in which people do not feel
      safe due to the current vital risks. Anxiety is a natural reaction that occurs in such
      situations, it manifests itself with worry and fear. Increased anxiety before surgery is
      associated with pathophysiological responses such as hypertension and dysrhythmia. Intense
      preoperative anxiety can increase morbidity, the need for anesthetic medication, and
      postoperative analgesia.

      For this reason, many questionnaire studies have been conducted to measure the degree of
      preoperative anxiety and to reveal its causes. The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and
      Information Scale (APAIS) test has two parts that measure anxiety and the need for
      information about anesthesia and surgery. The APAIS-A (anxiety) part is the test that
      measures strain and shows whether the patient has anxiety about anesthesia or surgery. The
      APAIS-I (information) part estimates whether the person needs information.

      In the literature, the effects of general and spinal anesthesia techniques on preoperative
      anxiety levels have been compared for some specific surgical methods such as c-sections and
      perianal region surgeries. However, no study has been reported between peripheral nerve block
      and general anesthesia techniques.

      This study aimed to determine the effects of regional and general anesthesia methods on
      preoperative anxiety levels and the factors affecting these scores in patients who will
      undergo upper extremity surgery.
    

Detailed description: 
      146 patients (ASA I-II-III) aged 18-75 years who were to undergo orthopedic upper extremity
      surgery were randomized and divided into two groups. 26 patients were dropout for different
      reasons (60 patients in each of the BPB block and general anesthesia groups). One of the
      brachial plexus blocks was performed according to the level to be operated on to the BPB
      group, and general anesthesia was performed on the GA group.

      Preoperative anxiety of the patients was measured using the APAIS test. The patients'
      preoperative anxiety score was the primary outcome measure. Postoperative numerical rating
      scale values were a secondary outcome measure.
    

Intervention name(s): Brachial plexus block; General anesthesia
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Intervention description(s): The effect of brachial plexus block method on preoperative anxiety levels in patients who will undergo orthopedic upper extremity surgery.; The effect of general anesthesia method on preoperative anxiety levels in patients who will undergo orthopedic upper extremity surgery.
Intervention MeSH terms: Anesthetics
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple (Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Diagnostic
Keywords: Brachial plexus block; General anesthesia; Orthopedic surgery; Preoperative anxiety; Upper exremity surgery