bioihbjkbjnl/mcl2 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Disease Progression in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Condition: Glomerulonephritis; Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
MeSH terms: Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Disease Progression
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most common primary glomerular
      diseases leading to end stage renal disease. In this study, our aim is to evaluate the
      effects of histopathological, clinical, and laboratory features of patients with primary FSGS
      on the disease progression.
    

Detailed description: 
      Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most common primary glomerular
      diseases leading to end stage renal disease worldwide. Numerous studies have been conducted
      in order to identify the etiology of this debilitating disease. Beyond the etiological
      research, however, few studies managed to demonstrate the possible predictors of disease
      progression in patients. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the effects of histopathological,
      clinical, and laboratory features of patients with primary FSGS on the disease progression.
    

Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Retrospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Patients with biopsy-proven primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
      
Keywords: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; disease progression
Evaluation of Different Protein Content of Formulas on Nutrition Status of Infants.
Condition: Growth & Development; Formula Feeding of Healthy Full Term Infants; Breast Feeding of Healthy Full Term Infants
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Human milk (HM) is the gold standard of early infant nutrition. The World Health Organization
      (WHO) recommend that newborns be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life. It has
      beed reported that an exclusive breast feeding at 6 months of age range from 10 to 46%. Thus,
      the intake of infant formulas (IF) is quite widespread, including infants that have less than
      6 months that are not receiving breast milk. Most of the commercial IF are cow's milk-based
      formulas that have a higher concentration of protein than breast milk and have a different
      protein composition. Commercial IF have a low proportion of alpha lactoalbumin, and A1
      β-casein; during its digestion, a β-casomorphin 7 peptide is produced. In addition, it has a
      high concentration of β-lactoglobulin. Both, β-casomorphin 7 and β-lactoglobulin have been
      associated with a higher risk of diabetes obesity and allergies. Human β-casein does not
      produce β-casomorphin 7 during its digestion, it has a high concentration of
      alpha-lactoalbumin and does not have β-lactoglobulin.

      The purpose of this study is to evaluate growth, gastrointestinal tolerance, and
      β-casomorphin 7 in urine of infants that are exclusively breastfed compared to infants fed
      three IF with different proteint content.
    

Detailed description: 
      Developing an IF with A2 β-casein, high proportion of alpha-lactoalbumin and less protein
      that commercial IF, similar to breast milk (1g/100 mL), could be and important strategy to
      decrease the risk of diseases. This infant formula was compared with breast milk and two
      other IF with different protein composition. The three formulas were packed in the same
      presentation and identified by a number. Mothers voluntarily elected to exclusively
      breast-feed or formula-feed her newborn. the present study

      Infants' mothers were recruited from six health centers from the Health Ministry in
      Querétaro, México. Directors of each health center authorized the protocol study. The field
      workers were read and explained the informed consent letter, the objectives, procedures,
      risks and benefits of the study in detail.
    

Intervention name(s): Infant formula
Intervention type(s): Other
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: The exclusively formula-fed infants were randomized to one of three study formulas with different protein profile.
A control group was selected with women that voluntarily chose to exclusively breast feed for at least 4 months.
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Other
Keywords: human milk; infant formula with low protein; alpha lactoalbumin; growth velocity; gastrointestinal events
Placental Transfusion Effect on Hemodynamics of Premature Newborns
Condition: Pre-Term
MeSH terms: Premature Birth
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3

Summary: 
      The objective of this study is to perform ultrasound Doppler measurements to evaluate the
      hemodynamic changes associated with different methods of placental transfusion (Intact
      umbilical cord milking, cut- umbilical cord milking and delayed cord clamping) in premature
      neonates over the first days of life.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study will include a randomized controlled trial carried out on preterm neonates who
      will fulfill the eligibility criteria delivered at Alexandria University Children's Hospital.
      Evaluation of the outcome will be done only for those who admitted to the neonatal intensive
      care unit (NICU) at Alexandria University Children's Hospital.
    

Intervention name(s): Intact umbilical cord milking (I-UCM); Cut-umbilical cord milking(C-UCM); Delayed Cord Clamping (DCC)
Intervention type(s): Biological; Biological; Biological
Intervention description(s): Umblical cord milking will be performed by holding the newborn at or ∼20 cm below the level of the placenta. The cord will be pinched between 2 fingers as close to the placenta as possible and milked toward the infant over a 2-second duration. The cord will then be released and allowed to refill with blood for a brief 1- to 2-second pause between each milking motion. This will be repeated for 2-4 times. After completion, the cord will be clamped, and the neonate will be handed to the resuscitation team.; This technique involves clamping and cutting a long segment of the umbilical cord immediately at birth and passing the baby and the long cord to the pediatric provider, called C-UCM untwists the cord and milks the entire contents into the baby. Milking the cord 2-3 times before clamping may produce a similar placental transfusion as C-UCM.; Infants placed on the maternal abdomen or at the introitus below the level of placenta and waiting at least 30- to 60 seconds before clamping the cord.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Chewing Side Preference and Hemispheric Laterality in Healthy Adults
Condition: Mastication
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The study is aimed to investigate if chewing side preference (CSP) can be used as another
      indicator of hemispheric laterality in healthy adults. Healthy volunteers with no oral/dental
      problems with Angle I occlusion relationship and without any missing teeth will be included
      in the study. The CSP will be determined with the visual analog scale (VAS), which is the
      highly reliable method. Laterality test will be used to determine the preferred side for
      hands, feet, ears and eyes.
    

Detailed description: 
      Lateral preference is important to determine hemispheric laterality, which is usually
      diagnosed by hand and other sidedness, including footedness, eyedness and earedness. study is
      aimed to investigate if chewing side preference (CSP) can be used as another indicator of
      hemispheric laterality in healthy adults. Healthy volunteers with no oral/dental problems
      with Angle I occlusion relationship and without any missing teeth will be included in the
      study. The CSP will be determined with the visual analog scale (VAS), which is the highly
      reliable method. Laterality test will be used to determine the preferred side for hands,
      feet, ears and eyes.
    

Intervention name(s): Evaluation of chewing side preference
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): The visual analog scale (VAS) is used. The individual will be asked to make 1 mark on a 10-cm line with " always left" and "always right" at either end and with " no preference" in the middle.
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Intervention model description: Healthy volunteers
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Other
Pager-Assisted Smoking Cessation Treatment
Condition: Smoking Cessation
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The proposed study tests the efficacy of using pager-assisted messages combined with nicotine
      patches in facilitating smoking cessation and relapse prevention in a 2-arm randomized
      clinical trial. The hypothesis is that the proportion of biochemically-verified quitters at 3
      and 12 months in the study arm randomized to receive therapeutic messages on alphanumeric
      pagers for 3 months along with individual smoking cessation counseling and nicotine patches
      will be greater that the proportion of biochemically-verified quitters who receive only
      individual smoking cessation counseling and nicotine patches.
    

Detailed description: 
      A total of 224 current smokers were enrolled in a randomized controlled smoking cessation
      trial. Participants were community-living adult smokers of ≥10 cigarettes per day during the
      pre-enrollment week who were interested in quitting and recruited from the local area by
      means of print, media, and online advertisements. To be eligible, they needed to be smoking
      10 or more cigarettes per day, aged 18 or older, motivated to quit smoking, prepared to set a
      quit date, willing to use nicotine patches, and able to come to therapy sessions and be
      followed by telephone. Participants in the pager treatment were provided with alpha-numeric
      pagers free of charge for three months. Using specially-designed communication software, text
      messages were sent to participants aimed at facilitating motivation to quit, cessation
      strategies, and coping skills to maintain abstinence. Participants in both treatment groups
      were seen for two 60-minute sessions of standard smoking cessation counseling, and received
      three follow-up phone calls and two months of nicotine patches.
    

Intervention name(s): smoking cessation counseling; Nicotine patch; alphanumeric pager
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Drug; Device
Intervention description(s): two 60-minute face-to-face treatment sessions and three 20-minute follow-up contacts at weeks 2, 3, and 9; 8 weeks' worth of nicotine patches; therapeutic messages to be delivered for three months
Other intervention name(s): Behavioral counseling; Nicoderm; Pager-assisted text messaging
Intervention MeSH terms: Nicotine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: smoking; smoking of 10 cigarettes per day
Telmisartan and Renal Perfusion in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
Condition: Metabolic Syndrome
MeSH terms: Metabolic Syndrome; Syndrome
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      A major complication of diabetes mellitus is diabetic nephropathy. In previous studies the
      investigators could demonstrate that in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus despite
      unaltered basal and stimulated nitric oxide (NO) - activity, the renal response to the
      antioxidant vitamin C was more pronounced compared to control subjects. These data suggest
      that oxidative stress is increased in the renal vasculature of diabetic patients.
      Furthermore, NO-activity in diabetic patients appears to be up regulated to compensate for
      increase in oxidative stress. This hypothesis is supported by the demonstration of increased
      endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in kidney biopsies of diabetic patients.

      Angiotensin receptor blockers have been found to reduce oxidative stress in various vascular
      beds. Some drugs of this class, Telmisartan for example, also exhibit partial agonist
      properties to the PPARγ receptor and might be of great benefit for patients with diabetes
      mellitus or metabolic syndrome due to an additional improvement in insulin resistance.
      Despite its effect on oxidative stress angiotensin receptor blockers beneficially alter renal
      haemodynamics by reducing intraglomerular pressure and thus protect against glomerular
      injury.

      Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging lead to the development of new techniques that
      allow a separate measurement of renal medullar and cortical perfusion. This magnetic
      resonance imaging technique might be a useful tool to detect alterations at an early level in
      the kidneys of patients at high risk for diabetic nephropathy. In the current study, the
      investigators want to evaluate the new magnetic resonance imaging technique by measuring
      medullar and cortical renal perfusion before and after pharmacological intervention with
      telmisartan in patients with metabolic syndrome.
    

Detailed description: 
      see above
    

Intervention name(s): Telmisartan
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): telmisartan 80 mg daily over 2 weeks
Intervention MeSH terms: Telmisartan
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Diagnostic
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome
Study Of 323U66 SR In Major Depressive Disorder
Condition: Depressive Disorder
MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder; Depression
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2

Summary: 
      This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety in major depressive disorder
      patients.
    


Intervention name(s): bupropion hydrochloride
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): Study drug
Intervention MeSH terms: Bupropion
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: MDD
Muscle Blood Flow During Exercise
Condition: Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Physical exercise triggers various physiological responses including a marked increase in
      muscle blood flow and oxygen delivery in order to support muscle activity. How muscle blood
      flow is controlled is currently unclear.

      The primary purpose of this study is to establish the respective contribution of metabolic
      (linked to energy requirements) and mechanical (linked to muscle tensions) signals in the
      exercise hyperemia and the possible role of the red blood cells.

      Vasodilation and muscle blood flow during exercise are controlled by ATP released in the
      plasma from the red blood cells in response to a combination of metabolic and mechanical
      signals applied on the vasculature.
    


Intervention name(s): Session 1-4; Session 4; Session 5
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Familiarization sessions to knee-extensor exercise separated by 72h recovery; After the last familiarization session, 1 maximal incremental test on a bicycle, followed by 72h rest; 2 maximal incremental tests of knee-extension exercise (concentric vs eccentric), separated by 3h rest.
Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Subjects will be students recruited in the Faculty, sports clubs...
      
Keywords: red blood cell; knee extension exercise
Therapeutic Oxygen for Gastrointestinal Atony (TOGA)
Condition: Ileus; Ogilvie Syndrome; Small Bowel Obstruction
MeSH terms: Intestinal Obstruction; Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction; Ileus
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      This study is a non invasive study to see if 100% oxygen therapy will help to resolve an
      intestinal obstruction.
    

Detailed description: 
      TOGA involves the provision of a 6- hour treatment with 100% oxygen via non breather mask to
      hospitalized patients with ileus, small bowel obstruction and/or colonic pseudo-obstruction
      will be a useful supplemental therapy, decreasing the diameter of the intestinal lumen and
      enhancing resolution of ileus/pseudo-obstruction
    

Intervention name(s): 100% Oxygen
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): To provide hospitalized ileus or pseudo-obstruction patient with 100% oxygen via non-rebreather face mask, for 6 hours
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: bowel ischemia; bowel perforation
Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine Xiaojidaozhi Decoction in the Treatment of Childhood Constipation
Condition: Constipation; Chinese Herbal Medicine
MeSH terms: Constipation
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Early Phase 1

Summary: 
      Constipation is the most common complaint in childhood gastrointestinal disease,affecting an
      estimated 20% of the global children.The treatment strategies consist of diet
      control,behavioural intervention and oral and sometimes rectal laxatives. Given higher
      success rate and fewer side effects,the laxative PEG3350 has been considered the first choice
      in childhood constipation.However, effectiveness of PEG 3350 laxative is not lasting,
      additional treatment interventions are still necessary.With an unsatisfactory response to
      current treatments, many patients seek help from Chinese Herbal Medicine.In view of the
      traditional theory, childhood constipation is derived from weakness of gastric and splenic
      function.The functional weakness is characterized by food stagnation and further pathological
      heat accumulation in the gastrointestine. The food stagnation can slow the gastrointestinal
      motility while heat causes constipation by drying the intestines and their content.
      Therefore, the therapeutic principles and practices for childhood constipation must focus on
      the pathophysiological basis accordingly. In the documented traditional medicine
      dictionary(Pi Wei Lun), Xiaojidaozhi Decoction is well described in improving the gastric and
      splenic function, eliminating food stagnation and removing pathological heat accumulation,
      and it has always been used in treatment of constipation throughout Asia since the first
      description in Pi Wei Lun in 1249. It comprises twelve herbs. Through the combined action of
      these herbs, Xiaojidaozhi Decoction can increase fluid in the intestines and facilitate the
      gastrointestinal motility, relieving the symptoms of constipation. Despite of the long
      history of successful use of Xiaojidaozhi Decoction in childhood constipation, a large
      randomized placebo-controlled trial is still not available.The aim of this study was to
      explore the clinical efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Xiaojidaozhi Decoction in
      the treatment of childhood constipation.
    


Intervention name(s): Xiaojidaozhi Decoction; Placebo; Fiberform; Toilet training
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Mixture of twelve Chinese herbal medicines granule; Mixture of 10% Chinese herbal medicines granule and 90% artificial gum; Fiberform is a low-phytate wheat fibre which can increase the gastrointestinal motility.; Toilet training has been considered a routine method in treatment of constipation
Other intervention name(s): XJD; Placebos
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Care Provider)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Immediate Pain Relieving Effects of Sinbaro-3 for Low Back Pain
Condition: Low Back Pain With Radiculopathy; Low Back Pain Without Radiculopathy; Herniated Intervertebral Disc
MeSH terms: Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Radiculopathy; Back Pain; Low Back Pain
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to investigate the immediate pain relieving effects of sinbaro-3
      pharmaco-acupuncture in patients with low back pain admitted for inpatient care
    

Detailed description: 
      60 patients with LBP with moderate to severe pain(NRS>6) were randomly allocated to 2 groups.
      The experimental group was treated with sinbaro-3 pharmacoacupuncture and the control group
      was treated with Hwangryun pharmacoacupuncture. All administrations were limited to 1
      session, and comparisons of measurements were made before and after treatment. Primary
      outcomes were measured using the VAS scale. Post-treatment follow-up will be performed to
      measure primary outcomes at 30 minutes, 2hours, 4hours, and 6 hours after treatment. Before
      and after each measurement, the patients are asked to stand up and rotate their torso. At
      termination of the study, satisfaction levels of the patient's current status will also be
      collected.
    

Intervention name(s): Sinbaro-3; Hwangryun
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): 1cc administered to site of pain(ashi acupoints), once and once only before any other intervention/if pain in both low back and extermities, the site of most pain; 1cc administered to site of pain(ashi acupoints), once and once only before any other intervention/if pain in both low back and extermities, the site of most pain
Other intervention name(s): Harpagophytum Procumbens
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: low back pain; pharmacoacupuncture; sinbaro-3