Effects of Training Dose on Computerized Cognitive Training in Patients With Cognitive Impairment
Condition: Cognitive Impairment, Mild; Dementia
MeSH terms: Cognitive Dysfunction
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The goal of this observational study is to explore the optimal dose of computerized cognitive
      training in patients with cognitive impairment. The main questions it aims to answer are:

        -  Is there an optimal dose of computerized cognitive training for patients with cognitive
           impairment?

        -  Is the optimal dose different in patients in different age populations? Participants
           enrolled in the study took a reported computerized cognitive training program and the
           training data were analyzed for exploring the optimal dose.

      The researchers will compare the different dose groups to see if there is an optimal dose for
      the highest improvement in cognitive abilities.

      The researchers will additionally compare two age groups (aged younger than 60y or aged 60y
      and older) to see if the optimal doses in the two groups are different.
    

Detailed description: 
      Background: Computerized Cognitive Training (CCT) is a form of digital therapeutics that uses
      computerized cognitive tasks to train patients with cognitive impairment caused by various
      neurological or psychiatric diseases. CCT has been shown to slow the progression of cognitive
      impairment in early-stage dementia, particularly in working memory. However, there is a lack
      of research on the optimal training dose for people with cognitive impairment. Previous
      meta-analyses have explored the types, delivery methods, and training dose of cognitive
      training in healthy older adults and those with dementia risk factors, but not in those with
      cognitive impairment.

      Objectives: The study aimed to explore the dose-response relationship of CCT and estimate the
      optimal daily and weekly dose for people with cognitive impairment.

      Participants and methods: the study is a retrospective cohort study and will enroll 21845
      patients with cognitive impairment. The exposures in the study are different doses of
      cognitive training in a week and the outcome is the improvement in cognitive abilities in a
      week. The weeks with the same training dose of different patients will be classified into one
      group of exposure. The mixed effects model will be used to estimate the optimal dose.
    

Intervention name(s): Computerized cognitive training with different training doses
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): The training dose was defined as training frequency (number of training days per week) and average training duration per training day. The daily dose was divided into 13 categories with an interval of 5 minutes and the training frequency has 7 categories according to the number of training days per week.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Retrospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        The participants are outpatients who took a reported computerized cognitive training
        program at home in 2017-2022 in China.