Comparison of the Effects of 5%NaHCO3, 2%CHG and 70%Alcohol in the Prevention of Infections Related to Catheter
Condition: Disinfectant Dye Adverse Reaction; Catheter-Related Infections; Nursing Caries; Children, Only; Skin Lesion; Chlorhexidine Adverse Reaction; Catheter
MeSH terms: Infections; Communicable Diseases; Catheter-Related Infections
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Intravenous catheters have become one of the indispensable tools of modern medicine.
      Peripheric intravenous catheters facilitate the work of healthcare professionals in the
      treatment phase, especially in diagnostic procedures. Intravenous catheters cause
      microorganisms to enter the bloodstream by damaging the skin, which is the body's first
      defense barrier. In this case, it causes infections, sepsis, an increase in mortality and
      morbidity rates, prolongation of hospital stay, increase in antibiotic use, and medical
      expenses. The density of the skin flora in the area where the catheter will be inserted is a
      major risk factor for infection.To prevent complications associated with peripheric
      intravenous catheters; Performing the procedure in line with the principles of surgical
      asepsis and following the correct follow-up are among the most important measures that the
      nurse should take. Also, the child and the parents should be prepared for the procedure and
      the appropriate environment should be provided. Along with correct catheter placement and
      care, antisepsis of the cannula placement area is among the indicators of nursing care.

      As well as the effectiveness and safety of skin disinfectants, topical absorption, lack of
      toxic effect, local and irritation effect are also important. Solutions with 5% NaHCO3 have
      recently come to the fore as antiseptic agents. When the literature is examined, it has not
      been found that there are very few studies on this solution and it is used in skin antisepsis
      before peripheral intravenous catheterization in children. This study was planned as a
      randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effectiveness of 5% NaHCO3 water
      solution in catheter site cleaning in pediatric patients by comparing it with the most
      commonly used antiseptic agents and to monitor the development of catheter-related
      infections.
    

Detailed description: 
      Intravenous therapy is one of the basic elements of modern health care. IV routes provided
      through catheters for pediatric patients are necessary for primary and secondary health and
      increase the possibility of mortality and morbidity depending on the treatment given and the
      factors of the patient. As in every invasive application, there are problems regarding the
      use of catheters, which is a minimal surgical procedure, and perhaps the most important of
      these is catheter-related infections.

      CRI's are defined as the accompanying of both local (redness around the catheter, increased
      temperature, discharge, drainage, tenderness, edema) and systemic (fever, chills, changes in
      laboratory tests) infection findings in patients and is an important complication for
      children. is happening. The increase in prevalence varies among patients, as well as between
      cities and countries, and is among the top three among hospital-associated infections.

      Although there are many studies on infections related to the use of a peripheric intravenous
      catheters in adult patients, it is reported that this issue is not addressed much in
      children. It is thought that there is no standardization regarding peripheric intravenous
      catheters management in the studies conducted.

      Since the risk factors for infection such as body weight, concomitant chronic disease,
      characteristics of the catheter used and the drug administered, presence of interconnection
      for pediatric patients are different from adults, catheter-related infections in the
      pediatric age group requires a separate discussion. It cannot be denied that the main step in
      the prevention of catheter-related infections is the management of peripheric intravenous
      catheters and determining an appropriate skin antiseptic is a part of this.

      In Children, 70% Alcohol, 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate, 1% Octenidine, and 10% Povidone-iodine
      type antiseptics are commonly used for skin antisepsis. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solutions
      are used in different areas such as oral hygiene and dental care in the world and our
      country, and side effects are not reported. There is limited information in the literature
      regarding its use as a skin antiseptic, and it is seen that this information belongs to the
      adult age group. There is no data on the child age group.

      In this study, which was planned in two stages to determine the effectiveness of the use of
      sodium bicarbonate as a skin antiseptic in the prevention of catheter-related infections, the
      effectiveness of the antiseptics used in the first stage was evaluated in the laboratory
      environment against the most common microorganisms in the skin flora, and in the second
      stage, the use of these antiseptic solutions in skin cleansing in pediatric patients before
      the peripheric intravenous catheters procedure their effectiveness has been evaluated.
    

Intervention name(s): Skin antisepsis with 5% NaHCO3 water solution; Skin antisepsis with 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate solution
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): In-vitro analysis of the solutions was done first. Then solutions were applied, and peripheric intravenous catheter was installed; In-vitro analysis of the solutions was done first. Then solutions were applied, and peripheric intravenous catheter was installed
Other intervention name(s): Disinfectant drugs; Chemical substance; Disinfectant drugs; Chemical substance
Intervention MeSH terms: Chlorhexidine; Chlorhexidine gluconate; Disinfectants; Pharmaceutical Solutions
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Single blind Randomized controlled Experimental
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Antiseptic; Intravenous catheterization; Catheter-related infection; Chlorhexidine gluconate; Sodium bicarbonate