Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Patients With Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction
Condition: Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Background: Vestibular dysfunctions are common disorders in the adult population that can
      develop at any life decade. Most of the patients with vestibular dysfunction suffer from
      balance disorders and vertigo that may have a negative impact on daily living activities and
      social participation.

      Objectives: To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation added
      to vestibular physical therapy exercises on functional recovery in patients with vestibular
      dysfunction.

      Hypothesis: There is no effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation added to
      vestibular physical therapy exercises on functional recovery in patients with vestibular
      dysfunction.
    


Intervention name(s): Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; Cawthorne Cooksey exercises
Intervention type(s): Device; Other
Intervention description(s): A high frequency (10 Hz) rTMs on the dominant dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was applied with the Magstim Rapid Magnetic Stimulator, Magstim Company. Patients were seated in a chair, arms and legs relaxed, head stable, and no movement was allowed during the procedure. Motor threshold (MT) was determined before each session and was defined as the percent intensity output of the stimulator that generated a 50µV motor evoked response in the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle in five out of 10 trials. The DLPFC of dominant hemisphere was localized on the scalp 5.5 cm anterior to the hot spot for the contralateral APB muscle along the parasagittal plane. The average MT was 50 % (range, 45-55%) of the maximal output of the stimulator. The initial mapping procedure was completed with the coil oriented at 45° lateral diagonal orientation roughly perpendicular to the central sulcus and the center of the coil applied tangentially to the scalp.; Cawthorne Cooksey exercises were carried in the following sequence: First, bed exercises; eye movements (up and down, side to side, focusing on a finger that is one feet distance); head movements (bending up and down, side to side first with eye opened then closed). Second, sitting exercises involved same eye and head movements, shoulder shrugging, turning head and trunk alternately to the right and left, bending head and trunk forward, and pick an object from the ground. Third, standing exercises involved same eye, head, and shoulder movements, changing position from sitting to standing with eye open then closed, throw a ball from hand to hand above eye level, throw a ball from hand to hand beneath knee, changing position from sitting to standing and turn around in between. Fourth, moving around exercises where the patient revolved around a person sitting in the center who throw him a ball and to whom it was returned.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Vestibular dysfunction, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, vestibular physical therapy exercises, vertigo, Activities of daily living.