Impact of Energy Drinks on the Manual Dexterity of Final Year Dental Students
Condition: Hand Skill, Relative
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 4

Summary: 
      This study aims to test the hypothesis that there was a relationship between the consumption
      of energy drinks and the manual dexterity skills of final year dental students.

      Identification of baseline caffeine consumption and selection of sample Baseline caffeine
      consumption will be identified by distributing the caffeine consumption questionnaire to all
      the final year students of the Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. The study will
      recruit 60 students who are moderate caffeine consumers. To avoid the confounding effect of
      nicotine consumption, the study will only recruit non-smokers .female candidates taken oral
      contraceptives and Subjects with any history of renal disease will be excluded.

      All subjects will be required to prepare a box 2mmx2mmx2mm using a high speed handpiece (NSK,
      Japan) and a no.330 cutting bur. Each participant will be allowed two attempts to cut the
      cavity in each test both cavities will be selected for assessment. The ability of the
      participants to reproduce the dimensions (2mmx2mmx2mm) and the time taken to complete the
      task will be used as criteria to evaluate dexterity. The participants will be required to
      perform the test before and 30 minutes after energy drink exposure.

      Energy Drink Exposure Subjects will be given 330ml of an energy three hours after the last
      meal in the other hand the control group will be receiving a placebo drink .

      Dexterity outcomes will be compared before and after exposure to the energy drink using the
      paired t test. Outcomes will be compared between different groups and different time
      intervals using the two way, multiple measures ANOVA. All data will be analyzed using the
      SPSS ver.21 data processing software.
    

Detailed description: 
      The dentistry training program has been reported to be a stressful one; and while academic
      pressures are high, the high level of dexterity skills that dentistry demands are often cited
      as a major source of stress. There is some research on the impact that caffeine in general
      and energy drinks in particular can have on academic performance, however, there is
      considerably less data on the impact of these drinks on manual dexterity. This study aims to
      test the hypothesis that there was a relationship between the consumption of energy drinks
      and the manual dexterity skills of final year dental students.

      Identification of baseline caffeine consumption and selection of sample Baseline caffeine
      consumption will be identified by distributing the caffeine consumption questionnaire to all
      the final year students of the Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. Based on the
      caffeine consumption score the study will recruit 60 moderate. To avoid the confounding
      effect of nicotine consumption, the study will only recruit non-smokers .female candidates
      taken oral contraceptives will be eliminated due to the correlation between them and
      caffeine. Subjects with any history of renal disease will be prevented from participation in
      the study Test for manual dexterity Acrylic blocks (2cmx2cmx2cm) will be prepared using a
      standardized mold. All subjects will be required to prepare a box 2mmx2mmx2mm using a high
      speed handpiece (NSK, Japan) and a no.330 cutting bur. Each participant will be allowed two
      attempts to cut the cavity in each test both cavities will be selected for assessment. The
      ability of the participants to reproduce the dimensions (2mmx2mmx2mm) and the time taken to
      complete the task will be used as criteria to evaluate dexterity. The participants will be
      required to perform the test before and 30 minutes after energy drink exposure.

      Energy Drink Exposure Subjects in the test group (n 30) will be given 330ml of an energy
      drink containing caffeine, sugar and taurine (Red Bull, Red Bull GmbH, Austria Vienna) three
      hours after the last meal in the other hand the control group (n30) will be receiving a
      placebo drink which is apple juice.

      Statistical Analysis Dexterity outcomes will be compared before and after exposure to the
      energy drink using the paired t test. Outcomes will be compared between different groups and
      different time intervals using the two way, multiple measures ANOVA. All data will be
      analyzed using the SPSS ver.21 data processing software.
    

Intervention name(s): Test Cavity Preparation; Taurine; Post intervention test cavity; Carbonated Apple Juice
Intervention type(s): Other; Drug; Other; Dietary Supplement
Intervention description(s): Subjects will be asked to prepare a cavity 2mmx 2mmx 2mm in an acrylic block using an airotor and a tungsten carbide bur prior to consuming the test drink; 250 ml of commercially available taurine containing energy drink to be administered three hours after the last meal and half an hour prior to performing the second test cavity; Subjects will be asked to prepare a cavity 2mmx 2mmx 2mm in an acrylic block 30 minutes after consuming the intervention drink using an airotor and a tungsten carbide bur prior to consuming the test drink; 250ml of commercially available carbonated apple juice to be administered three hours after the last meal and half an hour prior to performing the second test cavity
Other intervention name(s): Dexterity test; Energy Drink; Appy FIzz (Parle Agro, India)
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Diagnostic