bioihbjkbjnl/mcl2 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-Guided Versus Conventional Injection for Caudal Block
Condition: Ultrasound Therapy; Complications
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Caudal epidural block has been widely used, especially in pediatric surgery, to provide
      intraoperative and postoperative analgesia by affecting the region between T10 and S5
      dermatomes in surgeries below the umbilical level.

      In conventional single-shot caudal block, the needle is inserted through the skin with a
      60-80 degrees angle, until the sacrococcygeal ligament is passed through. Then the angle of
      the needle is decreased to 20-30 degrees and inserted further for an additional 2-3 mm,
      entering into the sacral canal.There is a risk of dural or vascular puncture when the needle
      is passing through sacral canal. Other complications are the soft tissue bulging,
      intraosseous injections and systemic toxicity.

      Many anatomical variations have been reported for sacral hiatus and sacral cornua. Therefore,
      the success rate of the classic caudal epidural anesthesia method in pediatric patients has
      been reported to be about 75%.

      With the usage of ultrasonography in regional anesthesia, many advantages have been reported.
      Ultrasonography is helpful for visualization of the sacral hiatus, sacrococcygeal ligament,
      duramater, epidural space and the distribution of the local anesthetic agent within the
      epidural space. Therefore, this significantly increases the block success.

      The primary aim of this study was compare the success rate of ultrasound guided sacral hiatus
      injection and conventional sacral canal injection. Secondary objectives are; block performing
      time, number of needle puncture, success at first puncture and complication rate.
    


Intervention name(s): Levobupivacaine; Morphine Sulfate; Ultrasound
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Device
Intervention description(s): % 0,125 levobupivacaine; 10 mq/kg morphine sulfate; Ultrasound guided caudal block
Other intervention name(s): ultrasound guided caudal block
Intervention MeSH terms: Morphine; Levobupivacaine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: ultrasound guided caudal injection; sacral hiatus; sacral canal
A Phase 1, Two-part, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of a Liquid Formulation of Tricaprilin and Matching Placebo in Healthy Subjects
Condition: Alzheimer Disease
MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to evaluate the PK, safety, and tolerability of a new liquid
      formulation of tricaprilin.
    


Intervention name(s): AC-OLE-01-VA
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): formulation of tricaprilin or matching placebo
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Intervention model description: This is a two-part study.
Part A (Food Effect Assessment): It is a randomized, double-blind (to IMP received), placebo-controlled, four-period, single-dose design. Subjects will be dosed in the fed state or the fasted state depending on the regimen.
Part B (Titration Tolerability): Participants will be administered to either tricaprilin or a matching placebo.
Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Viewing Movie Violence & Interest in Guns
Condition: Psychology, Social; Adolescent Behavior
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      More American children die by accidental gun use than children in other developed countries.
      One factor that can influence children's interest in guns is exposure to media containing
      guns. The objective of this study is to test whether children who see a movie containing guns
      will handle a real gun longer and will pull the trigger more times than children who see the
      same movie without guns.
    

Detailed description: 
      A recent analysis of top selling films found that the depiction of guns in violent scenes in
      PG-13 films that target youth has increased from the level of G and PG files in 1985 when the
      rating was introduced, to the level of R films by 2005, to exceed the level of R films since
      2012. By definition, a PG-13 movie is supposed to have less violence than an R-rated movie.
      The Motion Picture Association of America says on its website that the violence in a PG-13
      movie "does not reach the restricted R category." Our study shows that it does. By including
      guns in violent scenes, film producers may be inadvertently increasing aggression in youth
      via a weapons effect. This experiment directly tests this hypothesis.
    

Intervention name(s): Movies with Guns
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Participants in this arm viewed movies (National Treasure, The Rocketeer) without guns. The movies, rated PG, were edited to remove guns from the scenes
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Participants are randomly assigned to watch a movie containing guns, or a movie not containing guns.
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Other
Keywords: adolescent; gun; violence; media
This is the Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness of Hydrochloric Acid-pumice Compound and Sodium Hypochlorite-pumice Compound Used in Microabrasion Technique for the Treatment of Dental Fluorosis. Change in Tooth Shade Was Checked Before and After the Procedure.
Condition: Dental Fluoroses
MeSH terms: Fluorosis, Dental; Fluoride Poisoning
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      To compare the clinical effectiveness of hydrochloric acid-pumice compound and sodium
      hypochlorite-pumice compound in treating dental fluorosis using microabrasion technique.
    

Detailed description: 
      A Randomized Clinical Trial was taken Fatima Jinnah Dental College Hospital, Karachi, from
      1st November 2019 To 30th April 2020. Total 30 teeth in each group were included.
      Preoperatively shade was checked. The mixture was applied 10 times or more during the same
      session. Total treatment time was around 30 minutes. Every patient received entire
      microabrasion treatment. At the end of the treatment, neutral sodium fluoride gel was
      applied. Then changes in shade were checked. Descriptive statistics were calculated.
    

Intervention name(s): enamel microabrasion
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): It is a non-restorative, conservative treatment that works both chemically and mechanically to remove up to 0.2 mm of affected enamel per application. Pumice either mixed with 18% hydrochloric acid or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite was used to remove fluorosis stains.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Hydrochloric Acid; Sodium Hypochlorite; Dental Fluorosis; Microabrasion Technique
Influence of Tonic and Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Characteristics on Acute Inhibition of Subjective Tinnitus
Condition: Tinnitus
MeSH terms: Tinnitus
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is already broadly used in different areas of
      neuroscience research. Last year, special attention was drawn to TMS in tinnitus. The aim of
      the researchers' study is to investigate the stimulation characteristics of TMS in tinnitus
      patients, in particularly the effect of tonic and burst stimulation of the superior temporal
      lobe.
    


Intervention name(s): TMS transcranial magnetic stimulation
Intervention type(s): Procedure
Intervention description(s): 200 pulses of tonic TMS (see Graph 1) were administered with an intensity at 50% of the maximal TMS device output (50%DO).
The frequency of the tonic pulses was randomly chosen between 1Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz or 20Hz.
Burst stimulation was delivered at a burst frequency of 5, 10 or 20Hz. Each burst consisted of 3, 5 or 10 pulses. The individual pulse rate within a burst was 50 or 100Hz.
Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Retrospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Patients presented to our Multidisciplinary Tinnitus Clinic with tinnitus as a main
        complaint.
An Exploratory Study of Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) Based on fMRI in the Treatment of Tic Disorder
Condition: Tic Disorders; Tourette Syndrome
MeSH terms: Tourette Syndrome; Tics; Tic Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is a safe and effective device for Gilles de la
      Tourette's syndrome treatment. GPi is an agreed curative target of deep brain stimulation.
      GPi-based functional connectivity peak voxel in the SMA can be the cTBS target.
    

Detailed description: 
      Tic disorder is a common neuropsychiatric disorder in children and adolescents. Medication is
      not effective and has side effect. Exploring new treatment methods is one of the research
      pathway of this disease.Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is relatively safe and
      effective, and its efficacy in psychiatric diseases has been gradually recognized. However,
      the results of current researches of tic disorder treatment are varied, and the evaluation
      method is relatively single. This project intends to adopt fmri-guided stimulation target and
      navigated cTBS to intervene patients with tics and explore individualized cTBS treatment
      parameters of tics, including stimulation frequency, intensity, type, time and stimulation
      target. Previous studies for deep brain stimulation reported that the medial globus pallidus
      (GPi) showed an obvious curative effect. And a deep brain area can be modulated indirectly by
      a superficial target via functional connectivity. Therefore, the present study attempts to
      stimulate the superficial target in supplementary motor area (SMA), lateral motor area (M1)
      which functionally connected with GPi or thalamus since the thalamus also a commonly reported
      abnormal brain area of Tic. Combined with clinical symptoms and neuroimaging, the therapeutic
      effect of cTBS in children with tic disorder was comprehensively evaluated in order to
      provide a new therapeutic method and a better therapeutic effect for the disease.
    

Intervention name(s): traditional stimulation site continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS); precise stimulation site cTBS
Intervention type(s): Device; Device
Intervention description(s): before cTBS treatment, MRI was used to confirm the stimulation site; before cTBS treatment, rs-fMRI was used to confirm the stimulation site
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: first group is traditional stimulation site group ,second group is precise position stimulation group .
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS); fMRI
Efficacy of Kinesiology Tape on Neck Disability
Condition: Pain; Myofascial Pain Syndrome; Trigger Point Pain, Myofascial
MeSH terms: Myofascial Pain Syndromes; Fibromyalgia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Sixty participants with nonspecific neck pain were randomly assigned to either the
      kinesiotaping (n=30) or exercise (n=30) group.

      At the beginning, at the 2nd week and at the 1st month, activity and rest pain with visual
      analog scale, cervical lateral flexion and rotation with goniometer, neck disability scale
      and trapezius thickness, trigger point volume, trigger point diameter, trigger point area
      (with ultrasonograpic imaging) will be evaluated.

      After the initial evaluation of the patients in the kinesiotaping group, 'I' strip
      kinesiotape will be applied with the space correction technique for the upper trapezius
      muscle, for a total of 4 sessions, 2 days a week, and the patients will be included in the
      1-month home exercise program. Patients will be evaluated at the start of treatment, Week 2,
      and Month.

      Patients in the control group will only be included in the 1-month home exercise program.
      Patients will be evaluated at the start of treatment, Week 2, and Month 1.

      The participants inclusion criteria were; age between 18 and 65 years, symptom duration of at
      least 3 months. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) a diagnosis of cervical
      radiculopathy or myelopathy, (2) a history of acute neck injury or cervical surgery (3)
      diagnosis of psychiatric disorders (4) recent trigger-point injection or participation in a
      physical treatment program witin the last 6 monhts (5) any allergies to the tape and (6)
      having already received treatment with kinesio-taping.
    


Intervention name(s): kinesiotaping and exercise; exercise
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): kinesiotaping group, ''I'' strip kinesiotape will be applied with the space correction technique for the upper trapezius muscle, for a total of 4 sessions, 2 days a week, and the patients will be included in the 1-month home exercise program.; exercise
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Intervention model description: single blinded randomized controlled trial
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Tablet-based Aphasia Therapy in the Chronic Phase
Condition: Aphasia; Stroke
MeSH terms: Aphasia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Aphasia is one of the most common and disabling disorders following stroke, in many cases
      resolving in long-term deficits. There is evidence that intensive aphasia therapy is
      effective for language recovery, even in the chronic phase post-stroke. However, as many
      patients are left with residual language disorders and intensive aphasia rehabilitation is
      difficult to achieve, the investigators are exploring tablet-based therapies to further
      facilitate language recovery in a cost-effective manner.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study will investigate the clinical effects of intensive tablet-based aphasia therapy as
      an add-on to conventional aphasia therapy (= high intensive) compared to conventional aphasia
      therapy (either alone, or in combination with recreational tablet use (= low intensive) in
      patients with aphasia following stroke, as measured by specific linguistic tests, within task
      improvements, functional communication and quality of life.

      Furthermore, the investigators want to learn more about the recovery of specific underlying
      language processes via event-related potentials (ERPs). At last, the investigators aim to
      explore whether patients with aphasia are satisfied with a tablet-based aphasia therapy,
      whether the app is user-friendly and which barriers the participants might have encountered.
    

Intervention name(s): speech app; brain games; aphasia therapy
Intervention type(s): Device; Device; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): language exercises provided by the speech therapist in hospital + independent practice of language exercises via a tablet and speech app; language exercises provided by the speech therapist in hospital + independent recreational tablet use via brain games; language exercises provided by the speech therapist in hospital
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Adjunctive Treatment for Decreasing Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Condition: Schizophrenia; Schizoaffective Disorder
MeSH terms: Schizophrenia; Psychotic Disorders
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3

Summary: 
      This study will determine the effectiveness of treatment with glycine or d-cycloserine in
      addition to a normal antipsychotic regimen in improving negative symptoms and cognitive
      impairments in patients with schizophrenia.
    

Detailed description: 
      A double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial to examine whether adjunctive treatment
      with glycine or d-cycloserine, compared to placebo, will improve negative symptoms and
      cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia who remain on their normal antipsychotic
      regimen.

      Multicenter, randomized, double-blinded placebo controlled parallel-groups clinical trial
      designed to test the hypothesis that interventions (glycine or d-cycloserine) intended to
      increase glutamatergic activity by action at the NMDA receptor will reduce persistant
      negative symptoms and cognitive impairments of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective
      disorder. After an initial screening phase to establish clinical stability and eligibility,
      patients were assigned to one of three adjunctive treatments (placebo, d-cycloserine or
      glycine)for 16 weeks of double-blind treatment. Patients remained on a stable dose of
      antipsychotic therapy (other than clozapine) throughout the study.
    

Intervention name(s): d-cycloserine; glycine; placebo
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug
Intervention MeSH terms: Cycloserine; Glycine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: schizophrenia; schizoaffective disorder; negative symptoms; cognitive impairments
Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation Plus Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Condition: Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm
MeSH terms: Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell; Plasmacytoma
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2

Summary: 
      RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so
      they stop growing or die. Combining chemotherapy with peripheral stem cell transplantation
      may allow the doctor to give higher doses of chemotherapy drugs and kill more tumor cells.

      PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of peripheral stem cell transplantation
      plus combination chemotherapy in treating patients who have multiple myeloma that has been
      treated for longer than 12 months.
    

Detailed description: 
      OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate the complete and partial response in multiple myeloma patients
      receiving peripheral blood stem cells supported by gemcitabine and high dose carmustine and
      melphalan followed by consolidation therapy with gemcitabine plus
      cyclophosphamide/dexamethasone/etoposide/cisplatin (DCEP) and
      dexamethasone/paclitaxel/cisplatin. II. Evaluate the incidence of early death in comparison
      with historical data in this patient population. III. Evaluate the feasibility of
      chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus DCEP and dexamethasone/paclitaxel/cisplatin following
      autotransplantation in these patients.

      OUTLINE: Patients receive gemcitabine IV over 100 minutes on day -5 and again 6 hours after
      administration of carmustine IV over 2 hours on day -2, followed by melphalan IV over 20
      minutes on day -1. Patients receive intravenous CD34 peripheral blood stem cells on day 0. At
      3 months and 9 months, patients with adequate hematologic counts receive cyclophosphamide IV,
      oral dexamethasone, etoposide IV, and cisplatin IV for 4 days. On day 3 of continuous
      infusions, gemcitabine is given over 100 minutes. At 6 and 12 months after autotransplant,
      patients receive oral dexamethasone on days 1-4, paclitaxel IV over 6 hours on day 2, and
      cisplatin IV over 24 hours on day 3. Patients are followed every 6 weeks to 3 months until
      death.

      PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 24-63 patients will be accrued within 2.5 years.
    

Intervention name(s): carmustine; cisplatin; cyclophosphamide; dexamethasone; etoposide; gemcitabine hydrochloride; melphalan; paclitaxel; bone marrow ablation with stem cell support; peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Procedure; Procedure
Intervention MeSH terms: Dexamethasone; Paclitaxel; Etoposide; Cyclophosphamide; Gemcitabine; Melphalan; Carmustine
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: refractory multiple myeloma; stage I multiple myeloma; stage II multiple myeloma; stage III multiple myeloma
A Study in Healthy Volunteers to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetic Food Effect and Cardiac Safety of CCX168
Condition: Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis
MeSH terms: Vasculitis; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      The primary objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of a high-fat,
      high-calorie meal on the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of CCX168, following oral
      administration of a single dose of 30 mg CCX168 to healthy volunteers.
    


Intervention name(s): CCX168
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): Administered orally.
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Sequential Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Keywords: Vasculitis; Complement; C5aR; Vascular diseases; Cardiovascular diseases; Systemic vasculitis; ANCA
A Study to Compare the Effect of Transipeg 2.95 g or Forlax Junior 4 g in Children With Constipation
Condition: Constipation
MeSH terms: Constipation
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 4

Summary: 
      The study design combines a long-term safety and a dose range determination objective. The
      first 8 weeks of the study were primarily intended for the dose range determination, while
      the later visits were used for the comparison of long-term safety between the groups.
    


Intervention name(s): Macrogol (Transipeg, BAY81-8430); Macrogol (Forlax)
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): Up to 4 sachets per day based on individual titration; Up to 4 sachets per day based on individual titration
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Macrogol
Maximizing Treatment Outcome in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Condition: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
MeSH terms: Stress Disorders, Traumatic; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of exercise + therapy to therapy alone
      to determine if they can improve the effects of prolonged exposure therapy (PE) in reducing
      symptoms of anxiety associated with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In addition the
      two strategies (i.e., exercise + therapy and therapy alone condition) will be compared in
      terms of levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF is a protein that helps to
      support the survival of existing neurons and stimulate the growth of new neurons and
      synapses. BDNF is important to learning and memory in general and therefore may be associated
      with the learning and memory as it relates to PE and corresponding symptoms PTSD improvement.
    


Intervention name(s): Prolonged Exposure; Exercise
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): 75-90 minute weekly psychotherapy sessions x 12 weeks, focused on gradually confronting distressing trauma-related memories and reminders.; 30 minutes of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise prior to the Prolonged Exposure
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: PTSD; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Prolonged Exposure; Exercise; Wellness; Post-traumatic; Stress