Effect of Skin to Skin Contact on Sucking Efficiency of Newborns and Breastfeeding Self Efficacy of Mothers in Cesarean Deliveries
Condition: Nurse's Role; Breastfeeding
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Due to the separation of the mother and the baby after the cesarean section, initiation of
      breastfeeding by the mother of the newborn in the first hour of life is delayed. The rate of
      cesarean section in Turkey has increased to 52%, according to the 2019 data of the Center for
      Disease Control and Prevention, the rate of cesarean section has increased to 31.7% in the
      world and up to 65% in the USA. It has been reported in the literature that cesarean
      deliveries are performed with general, spinal and epidural anesthesia types, and the Apgar
      scores of newborns after cesarean section performed with spinal and epidural anesthesia are
      high. In this context, the nurse has a key role in initiating and maintaining breastfeeding
      after early SSC between the mother and the newborn within the first hour following the
      cesarean section performed with spinal anesthesia. In the literature, there are studies
      reporting that skin-to-skin contact applied after normal delivery increases the sucking
      success of newborns, the successful breastfeeding rate, and the rate of exclusive
      breastfeeding. There are studies examining the effect of early skin-to-skin contact applied
      after cesarean section on the suckling success of the newborn and only breastfeeding.
      Breastfeeding self-efficacy refers to a woman's confidence in her ability to breastfeed her
      baby. It is reported in the literature that skin-to-skin contact and only breastfeeding
      education have an effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy.
    

Detailed description: 
      Type of the research: The research was conducted in a randomized controlled experimental
      type. Mothers and newborns who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected by tossing a
      coin and assigned to the intervention or control groups. The data were collected by the
      researcher by face-to-face interview method.

      Independent variable: Skin-to-skin contact. Dependent variables: Sucking efficacy of newborns
      and breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers.

      Research Hypotheses; H1: Skin-to-skin contact applied after cesarean deliveries performed
      with spinal anesthesia has an effect on the sucking efficiency of newborns.

      H2: Skin-to-skin contact applied after cesarean section with spinal anesthesia has an effect
      on breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers

      It was performed with a total of 72 women and newborns (37 interventions, 35 control groups)
      who had a cesarean section with spinal anesthesia in a Training and Research Hospital
      Gynecology Service in the West of Turkey.

      Data were collected using the "Newborn and Parent Information Form", "Breastfeeding
      Self-Efficacy Short Form Scale" and "LATCH Scale".
    

Intervention name(s): Skin-to-Skin contact.
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Skin to skin contact: It is the laying of the newborn in the prone position on the mother's bare chest with only a diaper on.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: intervention group and control group, randomized controlled trial.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Health Services Research
Keywords: skin-to-skin contact; cesarean; newborn; breastfeeding self-efficacy