A Cross-Sectional Study of Serum Levels of Adipocytokines in Children With Febrile Seizures
Condition: Febrile Seizure
MeSH terms: Seizures; Seizures, Febrile; Hyperthermia; Fever
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      Febrile seizure (FS) is a common neurological condition in children, affecting 2 - 14% of
      children. FS is defined as seizures occurring in a child aged from six months to five years
      that is accompanied by a fever (≥38°C) without central nervous system infection. FS is
      classified into simple febrile seizure (SFS) and complex febrile seizure (CFS). SFS accounts
      for 70-75% of FS cases and is characterized by being generalized, duration of less than 15
      minutes, occurs once in 24 hours, and no previous neurologic problems. We aim to investigate
      serum levels of adipocytokines, specifically leptin, adiponectin, and IL-6, in children with
      FS.
    

Detailed description: 
      The study will include three groups of children (100 for each): children with febrile
      seizures (group 1), febrile children without seizures (group 2), and healthy control children
      (group 3). Children included in this study will undergo:

        -  Thorough medical history taking: including age, gender, and seizure details for children
           with febrile seizures (e.g., type, duration, recurrence).

        -  Physical examination: including vital signs (particularly temperature) and comprehensive
           neurological examination).

        -  Laboratory investigations:

             -  Routine investigations: complete blood count, C-reactive protein, blood glucose,
                serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium), liver and kidney
                function tests.

             -  Serum leptin and adiponectin: venous blood samples (3 ml) will be obtained from
                children with FS (within 3 hours of seizures) as well as the two control groups.
                Serum will be obtained by centrifugation at 3,500 rpm for 5 min at 4 ℃. The serum
                will be immediately separated and stored at -70 ℃. Serum leptin and adiponectin
                will be assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according
                to the manufacturer's instructions.
    

Intervention name(s): Serum Levels of Adipocytokines
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): Serum leptin and adiponectin: venous blood samples (3 ml) will be obtained from children with FS (within 3 hours of seizures) as well as the two control groups. The serum will be obtained by centrifugation at 3,500 rpm for 5 min at 4 ℃. The serum will be immediately separated and stored at -70 ℃. Serum leptin and adiponectin will be assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Chi-square test will be used in comparing qualitative data between two groups, and Fisher
        exact test will be used instead of the Chi-square test when the expected count in any cell
        is less than 5. Student's T-test will be used in the comparison between two groups with
        quantitative data and parametric distribution, and Mann-Whitney test will be used in the
        comparison between two groups with quantitative data and non-parametric distribution.
        One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis tests will be used to compare more
        than two independent groups for quantitative data with parametric and non-parametric
        distribution, respectively. Pearson's and Spearman's correlation will be used to test the
        correlation analysis.
      
Biospecimen description: 
      The serum will be obtained by centrifugation at 3,500 rpm for 5 min at 4 ℃. The serum will be
      immediately separated and stored at -70 ℃. Serum leptin and adiponectin will be assessed
      through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according to the manufacturer's
      instructions.