Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in US Women
Condition: Biomarkers
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      This study is a secondary analysis of data collected in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) that
      will evaluat the association between intake of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), juice and
      artificially sweetened beverages in relation to biomarkers of hepatic function, lipid
      metabolism, inflammation and glycemic control.
    

Detailed description: 
      The investigators will analyze cross-sectional data from 8,492 participants in the Nurses'
      Health Study who were free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease to evaluate the association
      between intake of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), juice and artificially sweetened beverages
      (ASB) and biomarkers of hepatic function, lipid metabolism, inflammation and glycemic
      control. Biomarkers were measured from blood samples that were collected in 2 cycles,
      approximately 10 years apart.

      Specifically, multivariate linear regression will be used to assess the associations of SSB,
      ASB, and fruit juice intake with concentrations of fetuin-A, alanine transaminase,
      gamma-glutamyl transferase, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),
      low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP),
      intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1),
      adiponectin, insulin, and hemoglobin A1c as well as total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio.
    

Intervention name(s): Sugar sweetened beverage (SSB)
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): This is an observational study examining sugar sweetened beverage intake in relation to biomarkers in the NHS.
Other intervention name(s): Artificially sweetened beverage (ASB), juice
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        The Nurses' Health Study (NHS) is a prospective cohort study of 121,700 female registered
        nurses aged 30-55 years at baseline in 1976. Mailed questionnaires were administered
        biennially to collect data on medical, dietary, and lifestyle factors, with a follow-up
        rate exceeding 90% for each 2-year cycle. Blood samples were collected from 32,826
        participants between 1989 and 1990 (biospecimen collection cycle 1) and 18,717 participants
        between 2000 and 2001 (biospecimen collection cycle 2). Participants who provided a blood
        specimen were generally similar to those who did not in terms of diet and lifestyle
      
Biospecimen description: 
      The major goal of the project was to analyze blood samples collected from 33,000 women
      participating in the Nurses' Health Study. The aim of the original grant was to asses plasma
      sex hormone levels in relation to risk of breast cancer; plasma beta-carotene, Vitamin E and
      omega-3 fatty acids and risk of breast and colon cancer; specific lipoprotein fractions,
      apoproteins and fatty acids and risk of CVD.
    
Keywords: Sugar sweetened beverage, biomarker