The Levels of the Orexin, Galanin and aMSH and CART in Patients With Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Condition: Hyperemesis Gravidarum; Pregnancy Related
MeSH terms: Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      Hyperemesis gravidarum is a disease of unknown etiology that is frequently encountered in
      pregnant women and seriously impairs their quality of life. In the United States, hyperemesis
      gravidarum is the most common cause of hospitalizations in the first half of pregnancy and is
      second only to preterm labor for hospitalizations during pregnancy overall. The prevalence of
      hyperemesis gravidarum is approximately 0.3-3% of pregnancies and varies due to different
      diagnostic criteria and ethnic differences in study populations. According to the latest
      guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) on nausea and
      vomiting during pregnancy, there is still no single accepted definition for hyperemesis
      gravidarum. The most commonly cited criteria for the diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum
      include persistent, unrelated to other causes, ketonuria, electrolyte abnormalities and
      acid-base disturbances, as well as weight loss. Weight loss is usually stated as at least 5%
      loss. In normal individuals, the appetite regulation center is the hypothalamus.
      Neuropeptides released from hypothalamic neurons play an important role in the regulation of
      nutrition by acting both in the hypothalamus and other appetite-regulating centers in the
      brain. Among the neuropeptides that are secreted by the central nervous system and peripheral
      organs and also play an important role in the regulation of energy and appetite, there are
      neuropeptides known as orexigenic neuropeptides, which reduce energy expenditure and increase
      appetite, as well as anorexigenic neuropeptides, which, on the contrary, reduce appetite and
      increase energy expenditure. It is known that disorders in these pathways cause pathologies
      in appetite and food intake in normal individuals. In our study, we plan to examine the
      levels of some neuropeptides in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum in order to investigate
      whether these pathways are affected or not. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether
      orexigenic neuropeptides (Orexin, Galanin) and anorexigenic neuropeptides (aMSH, CART) levels
      are associated with hyperemesis gravidarum.
    

Detailed description: 
      Our aim in this study is to determine the levels of orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides
      in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum and to determine whether there is a relationship
      between the function of the appetite center and the levels of these neuropeptides. For this
      purpose, approximately 50 pregnant women who were followed up with the diagnosis of
      hyperemesis gravidarum in Siirt Training and Research Hospital between 26 June 2022 and 30
      october 2022 will be included in the study. The pregnant woman's age, pregnancy history,
      medical history will be recorded. Thyroid function test results, hemogram results and
      electrolyte levels of all patients will be recorded. Whole blood will be taken from these
      patients and the levels of Orexin and Galanin, which are orexigenic hormones, and aMSH and
      CART, which are anorexigenic hormones, will be checked. In the light of the information thus
      obtained, we plan to determine whether there is a relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum
      and the appetite center and between orexigenic and anorexigenic hormone levels.
    

Intervention name(s): Blood sample
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): Orexigenic hormones (appetizing) Orexin, galanin and anorexigenic hormones (decreasing appetite) aMSH and CART blood levels will be measured
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Pregnant women diagnosed with hyperesis gravidarum
      
Keywords: vomiting; pregnant; ketonuria