Skin Stretch Sensory Stimuli and TENS in Diabetic Neuropathy
Condition: Diabetic Neuropathy
MeSH terms: Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Diabetic Neuropathies
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aim of the research was to find and compare the effects of skin stretch sensory stimuli
      and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on balance in diabetic neuropathy.
      Randomized controlled trial done at District Headquarter hospital Okara. The sample size was
      46. The subjects were divided into 3 groups, 15 subjects in skin stretch sensory stimuli
      group, 15 subjects in TENS group and 16 subjects in control group. Study duration was of 6
      month. Sampling technique applied was convenient non-probability sampling. Patients aged
      range from 45 to 80 years, having moderate peripheral neuropathy, and decrease sensations
      were included. Tools used in this study were Berg Balance scale and Toronto clinical
      neuropathy score system. Data was being analyzed through Spss 21.
    

Detailed description: 
      Literature shows that various studies was done on diabetic patients for pain reduction,
      increase proprioception, improve muscle function and muscle recruitment by using kinesio tape
      and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. There is particularly limited literature
      available on the effects of skin stretch sensory stimuli on balance in DN patients.
      Therefore, based on the literature study, there is crucial need for studying the effects of
      skin stretch sensory stimuli and TENS as a treatment approach. Thus, the current study will
      be an attempt to know the results of skin stretch sensory stimuli and TENS in DN patients.
    

Intervention name(s): Skin stretch sensory stimuli; Transcutaneous Electrical nerve stimulation; Control Group
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Skin stretch sensory stimuli will be exerted by a piece of kinesio tape that as applied above right and left lateral malleolus on posterior leg and on both side of spinous process of second thoracic vertebrae till 15cm below for 24 hours a day, 5 days/ week for 6 weeks along with conventional physiotherapy.; TENS will be applied to patient while in sitting position for 30 minutes, twice a week, and for 6 weeks (12 treatment sessions along with conventional physiotherapy). A maximum of 25 m amp electrical stimulation with a biphasic square-wave pattern and a pulse width of 0.5ms in a continuous duty cycle will be used. The intensity of the electrical stimulation will be regulated to the high tolerable level without initiating muscle contractions.; This program include balance exercises performed twice a week for 6 weeks, which consists of balance, progressive strength, and functional mobility training. Static exercise consists of heel and toe raises, one-legged stance for each limb, weight shifting forward, backward, sideward and diagonally, and turning the head to the left and then to the right keeping the feet together. This exercise comprises two 10-min sessions each, with eyes opened and eyes closed, respectively. Dynamic exercise comprises of walking, step-ups, and bipedal jumps for 10 min. Progressive balance exercises comprises of narrow walking, walking backward, walking sideward, stepping over obstacles, passing, throwing and catching a ball.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Diabetic Neuropathy; TENS; Kinesiotape; Balance