The Effect of Breastfeeding Education and Skin-to-Skin Contact on Breastfeeding Efficiency and Maternal Attachment
Condition: Breastfeeding; Postpartum; Infant Development
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Objective: The study aimed to compare the effects of breastfeeding education and skin-to-skin
      contact on breastfeeding efficiency and maternal attachment.

      Design: This study was planned as a three-group randomized controlled study. Setting and
      participants: This study will conduct with 92 women in a delivery room in Turkey between
      October 2021 and May 2022.

      Methods: The study consists of continuous early skin-to-skin contact (SSC; Group A),
      breastfeeding education (Group B), and control groups (Group C). Group A received SSC
      education and Group B received structured breastfeeding education.
    

Detailed description: 
      Primiparous women in the latent phase will given detailed information about the study
      (purpose and benefits of the study) and the pregnant women will invited to the study.
      Pregnant women will assigned to one of three groups (1:1:1) as A, B, and C in the
      www.randomizer.org program. Prior to the interventions, the Mother-Infant Information Form
      and MAI will applied to the pregnant women. After the interventions, MAI and BBAT will
      applied at an appropriate time when the participants felt most comfortable and rested and
      their perceptions will clear (4-6 hours postpartum). Eventually, the study sample will
      composed of 93 pregnant women based on the CONSORT 2010 (http://www.consort-statement.org/)
      flow diagram: 31 participants in Group A, and 31 in the Groups B, C (Figure 1).

      SSC (Group-A) Pregnant women will assigned to Group A will informed about SSC. SSC will
      ensured postpartum in a supported diagonal-flexion position continuously by the researchers
      for 45-120 minutes. Mothers in group A will also benefit from the hospital's routine
      breastfeeding education service.

      Structured Breastfeeding Education Program (Group-B) Structured breastfeeding education
      material will prepared to increase breastfeeding awareness and level of knowledge. Opinions
      will received from 7 different experts for the education booklet and brochure. The material
      will revised based on expert opinions. A brochure and educational material will administered
      to 10 pregnant women before the study and the material will found to be understandable. The
      education booklet include breastfeeding techniques, the benefits of breast milk, the benefits
      of breastfeeding, solution suggestions for breastfeeding problems, lactation mechanism, and
      storage of breast milk. The breastfeeding brochure include educational texts, educators'
      contact information, and pictures.

      Group B will receive face-to-face breastfeeding education in the first phase of labor. A copy
      of the brochure will given to the pregnant women. In the early postpartum period,
      breastfeeding will encouraged practically and observed by the researchers. Participants'
      questions will answered.

      Control (Group-C) No intervention will made to Group C by the researchers. Participants
      benefite from the hospital's routine care and breastfeeding education services. Posttests
      will applied in a way that would not interrupt the routine care and education practices of
      the hospital.
    

Intervention name(s): Group A; Group B
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Other
Intervention description(s): Skin-to-Skin Contact (SSC) contributes to mother-infant interaction and can increase breastfeeding success; education with a structured and expert opinion-based breastfeeding brochure
Other intervention name(s): Skin-to-skin Contact; Breastfeeding education
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Randomized controlled study
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care
Keywords: Breastfeeding education; Breastfeeding efficiency; Infant; Maternal attachment; Skin-to-skin contact