The Effect of Action Observation Therapy on Upper Extremity Function in Children With Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury
Condition: Brachial Plexus Palsy; Obstetric; Injury
MeSH terms: Wounds and Injuries
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Introduction: Musculoskeletal problems in the upper limb (UL) caused by nerve damage
      following Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury (OBPI) and disorders affecting the use of the UL
      can limit activities of daily living (ADLs) and limit the child's participation in school and
      society. Method: Twenty-six children with OBPY aged between 6-17 years participated in the
      study and were randomised AOT and Photo Observation (PO) groups in equal numbers by
      stratified randomisation. In the 15-session treatment, a total of 18 ADL activities related
      to personal care, dressing, eating and preparation, transfer and mobilisation activities,
      reaching, and sports activities were studied with six exercises per session. The AOT group
      watched each ADL activity for two minutes through pre-prepared videos and then repeated the
      movement they watched for three minutes. The PO group observed the photographs taken from the
      video for two minutes and then practised the movement described for three minutes. The same
      sequence was continued for six exercises and one session was completed in approximately 30
      minutes. Abilhand-Kids (AK), Seated Medicine Ball Throw (SMBT), Modified Push-up Test (MPT),
      Functional Reach Test (FRT), Lateral Reach Test (LRT), Brachial Plexus Outcome Measurement
      (BPOM), Gilbert and Raimondi Score (GRS), Box Block Test (BBT) were performed before and
      after the treatment.
    

Detailed description: 
      Introduction: Musculoskeletal problems in the upper limb (UL) caused by nerve damage
      following Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury (OBPI) and disorders affecting the use of the UL
      can limit activities of daily living (ADLs) and limit the child's participation in school and
      society. No study investigating the effect of EGT in children with OBPY has been found in the
      literature. Based on this deficiency, we aimed to investigate the effect of EGT in children
      with OBPY in a randomised controlled study.

      Hypotheses of our study H0: There is no difference between Action Observation Therapy and
      Photo Observation in improving upper extremity functional skills in children with OBPY.

      H1: There is a difference between Action Observation Therapy and Photo Observation in
      improving upper extremity functional skills in children with OBPY.

      Method: Twenty-six children with OBPY aged between 6-17 years participated in the study and
      were randomised AOT and Photo Observation (PO) groups in equal numbers by stratified
      randomisation. In the 15-session treatment, a total of 18 ADL activities related to personal
      care, dressing, eating and preparation, transfer and mobilisation activities, reaching, and
      sports activities were studied with six exercises per session. The AOT group watched each ADL
      activity for two minutes through pre-prepared videos and then repeated the movement they
      watched for three minutes. The PO group observed the photographs taken from the video for two
      minutes and then practised the movement described for three minutes. The same sequence was
      continued for six exercises and one session was completed in approximately 30 minutes.
      Abilhand-Kids (AK), Seated Medicine Ball Throw (SMBT), Modified Push-up Test (MPT),
      Functional Reach Test (FRT), Lateral Reach Test (LRT), Brachial Plexus Outcome Measurement
      (BPOM), Gilbert and Raimondi Score (GRS), Box Block Test (BBT) were performed before and
      after the treatment.
    

Intervention name(s): Action Observation Therapy; Photo Observation
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): The Action Observation Therapy group watched each ADL activity for two minutes through pre-prepared videos and then repeated the movement they watched for three minutes. In the 15-session treatment, a total of 18 ADL activities.; The Photo Observation group observed the photographs taken from the video for two minutes and then practised the movement described for three minutes. In the 15-session treatment, a total of 18 ADL activities.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury; Action Observation Therapy; Upper Limb Function; Visual Motor Imagination