bioihbjkbjnl/mcl2 huggingface dataset:
Time-based Effects of Stretching on Hamstrings Muscle Strength
Condition: Stretch
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Stretching is reported to have detrimental effects on strength and thus avoided prior to
      strength training session. Do stretching indeed decreases muscle strength? To examine the
      time course (immediate, 10- and 20-min post stretching) for the effects of 2, 4, and 8 min
      long duration of static-stretching (SS) on isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)
      force of hamstring muscles.
    

Detailed description: 
      OBJECTIVE: To examine the time course (immediate, 10- and 20-min post stretching) for the
      effects of 2, 4, and 8 min long duration of static-stretching (SS) on isometric maximum
      voluntary contraction (MVC) force of hamstring muscles.

      METHODS: Pretest-posttest experimental design. Total of 14 subjects with mean age 25 years
      participated in three experimental trials on three different days. On day-I for
      static-stretching for 2 minutes (SS2), day-II for 4 minutes (SS4), and day-III for 8 minutes
      (SS8). Testing was conducted before (pre), immediately after (post), and at 10 and 20 min
      post stretching. MVCF was measured using strain gauze as the main outcome measure.
    

Intervention name(s): Static stretching
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Static stretchings were performed by subjects that involved varied repetitions of 30-s static-stretches and 20-s relax period.
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Other
Keywords: Stretching; Muscle strength; Hamstring Muscles
Trial of Valproic Acid in Patients With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (Depakine)
Condition: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
MeSH terms: Paralysis; Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2

Summary: 
      Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative
      disorder, clinically characterized by parkinsonism with prominent axial involvement and
      postural instability, bulbar symptoms, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, and executive
      dysfunction. Abnormal neuronal and glial tau aggregations affecting the basal ganglia and
      selective brainstem structures result in dysfunction of the five frontosubcortical circuits
      and brainstem functions. There is no effective treatment for PSP. One of the key feature in
      the aggregation of tau is its phosphorylation by kinases such as glycogen synthase kinase 3b
      (GSK3b). Recent reports have shown that valproic acid was able to inhibit the activity of
      GSK3b and could exert a neuroprotective effect through this inhibition. The investigators
      thus decided to conduct this controlled study to assess the putative neuroprotective effects
      in patients with PSP.
    


Intervention name(s): valproic acid; Placebo
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): Depakine; Placebo
Intervention MeSH terms: Valproic Acid
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
China HVT Safety, PK, PD
Condition: Osteoporosis
MeSH terms: Osteoporosis
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      This study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of
      denosumab administered subcutaneously to healthy adults in China.
    

Detailed description: 
      Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal IgG2 antibody to RANKL that being investigated as a
      therapeutic agent in all bone diseases characterized by excessive bone resorption, such as
      primary and secondary osteoporosis, metastatic bone diseases, and other diseases involving
      bone loss associated with increases in osteoclast function. This will be a single-blind,
      placebo-controlled single-dose study. All subjects will be randomized to denosuamb 60 mg,
      denosumab 120 mg or placebo in a ration of 3:3:2. The purpose of this study is to evaluate
      the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of denosumab
      administered subcutaneously to healthy adults in China. The primary endpoints for safety are:
      subject incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events, including clinically significant
      changes in physical examinations, laboratory safety tests, ECG and vital signs. The secondary
      endpoints are PK and PD (s-CTX1) parameter estimates.
    

Intervention name(s): denosumab 60mg; denosumab 120 mg; placebo
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): solution; solution; solution
Intervention MeSH terms: Denosumab
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Distress Tolerance and Buprenorphine
Condition: Opioid Dependence
MeSH terms: Opioid-Related Disorders
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      The investigators propose that inability to tolerate the distress of opioid withdrawal and
      the negative affect associated with early abstinence are key factors in early illicit opioid
      lapse and subsequent buprenorphine treatment drop-out. Our intervention aimed at increasing
      distress tolerance is designed to increase treatment adherence.
    


Intervention name(s): Distress Tolerance; Health Education
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): 7 individual sessions aimed at increasing distress tolerance skills; 7 individual sessions with didactic health education information
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: opioids; distress tolerance; buprenorphine
Study of Iron Absorption and Utilization in Asymptomatic Malaria
Condition: Malaria, Falciparum
MeSH terms: Malaria; Malaria, Falciparum
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Early Phase 1

Summary: 
      Anemia is still a main public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Anemic women have an
      increased maternal and perinatal mortality and anemic adults have diminished work capacity.
      In sub-Saharan Africa, the etiology of anemia is multifactoral; the major causes are low
      dietary bioavailability and chronic parasitic infections such as malaria. These causes are
      likely to interact because infection and infection-associated inflammation may impair the
      utilization and absorption of iron. Therefore, the control of parasite infections may be
      important to improve iron bioavailability from foods.

      Malaria infections are endemic in northern Benin. To investigate the contribution of
      asymptomatic malaria (a positive blood smear for malarial parasites but without clinical
      symptoms of fever, headache or malaise) to anemia, we are planning a human iron absorption
      study in Benin. We will recruit adults with asymptomatic malaria infection. The iron
      absorption and utilization of the study subjects will be studied while infected, then they
      will be treated to clear their infections, and then iron absorption and utilization will be
      restudied. Iron absorption will be determined by incorporation of labeled iron into
      erythrocytes, 14 days after the administration of a test meal containing labeled iron (stable
      isotope technique). Subjects will be men and non-pregnant, non-breastfeeding women with a
      body weight < 65 kg and between the age of 18 - 30 years.

      The results of this study will provide important information on the influence of malaria
      infections on iron absorption and utilization in humans. The study will provide insight into
      the potential necessity of malaria control to ensure iron bioavailability from foods in
      developing countries.
    


Intervention name(s): Antimalarial treatment; Observation
Intervention type(s): Drug; Other
Intervention MeSH terms: Antimalarials
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Malaria, Iron absorption, Iron utilization, Benin
Alcohol Screening in an Ethnically Diverse Sample of Adolescents in Primary Care
Condition: Alcohol Use; Drug Use
MeSH terms: Alcohol Drinking
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Screening youth in the primary care setting is one way to identify adolescents who may be
      at-risk for future alcohol problems. The current study tests the new NIAAA screening guide
      questions, which ask about friend and adolescent drinking, to see how well these questions
      work to predict subsequent alcohol use, problems, and involvement in other risk behaviors,
      such as sexual risk-taking and delinquency. In addition, the investigators plan to provide a
      brief motivational intervention for some at-risk teens and see whether alcohol use differs
      for those teens who receive the intervention and those teens who receive enhanced usual care.
      The results of this study have the potential to significantly impact the standard of care for
      identifying and intervening with at- risk youth in primary care settings.
    


Intervention name(s): CHAT brief MI intervention; usual care
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): CHAT is one 15-20 minute session delivered in a single PC visit and utilizes motivational interviewing with youth to target alcohol and drug use in primary care.; Youth receive a brochure with information on AOD use.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: adolescents; intervention; motivational interviewing; alcohol and drug use
Childhood Anesthesia and Cognitive Function
Condition: Cognitive Deficits; Cognitive Ability, General
MeSH terms: Cognition Disorders; Cognitive Dysfunction
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to determine whether pediatric anesthesia is associated with
      long-term hippocampal dysfunction
    

Detailed description: 
      Contrary to a longstanding belief, anesthesia has lasting effects on the neonatal brain. In
      rats anesthesia causes death of brain cells, ill-timed conversion of stem cells to nerve
      cells and a certain kind of brain defect up to 8 months later. This brain defect is called a
      hippocampal deficit because it resembles the type of defect that people have when a structure
      in the brain called the hippocampus has been injured, removed or is no longer functioning.
      However, to date it is unknown if anesthesia given to human infants causes a lasting
      hippocampal deficit, which might manifest itself as memory problems and academic failure
      despite normal intelligence. The investigators will test the hypothesis that anesthesia for
      more than 2h given to children of less than 2 years of age without coexisting diseases of the
      brain or the heart causes long-term impairment of hippocampal function. Using state of the
      art hippocampal and general brain function testing the investigators will compare hippocampal
      dependent and hippocampal independent memory as well as general cognitive function and
      emotional state in 10 year-old children that underwent at least a 2h anesthetic at less than
      2 years with that of a matched control group that did not undergo an anesthetic.
    

Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Children who received an anesthetic early in life
Pharmacokinetics Study of CJ-40001 and NESP® After Single Dose Administration in Health Male Volunteers
Condition: Healthy Subjects
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetics and safety after a single
      subcutaneous or intravenous administration of CJ-40001 and NESP® in healthy male volunteers.
    

Detailed description: 
      The purpose of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetics and safety after a single
      subcutaneous or intravenous administration of CJ-40001 and NESP in healthy male volunteers.
    

Intervention name(s): CJ-40001 60ug; NESP 60ug
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): CJ-40001 60ug SC, IV injection; NESP 60ug SC, IV injection
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
MRI Targeted Focal Laser Thermal Therapy of Prostate Cancer Followed by Radical Prostatectomy
Condition: Prostate Neoplasm
MeSH terms: Prostatic Neoplasms
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      This is a clinical research study designed to measure the effectiveness of focal Interstitial
      Laser Thermal Therapy (ILTT) at killing prostate tumours. Patients with "low risk" prostate
      cancer (Trans Rectal US Guided Biopsy positive) will undergo an MRI scan to try to localize
      the tumour. If the MRI detects the tumour they will then undergo a perineal ablative
      procedure (ILTT) under general anaesthetic. Seven days following ILTT they will come back to
      the hospital for a Radical Retoropubic Prostatectomy (RRP) procedure, which is the removal of
      a prostate gland through a surgical incision. After removal, the prostate will undergo
      further analysis to determine the exact location of cancer and evaluate the extent of cancer
      death caused by ILTT.
    


Intervention name(s): Focal Phothtermal Ablation
Intervention type(s): Procedure
Intervention description(s): Under general anasthesia and in Lithotomy position 2-4 14 Fr laser fibers will be placed into the prostate using 3D US guidance.
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Prostate Neoplasm; Localized; Photothermal; Radical Prostatectomy
Effect Not Imposing COVID-19 Testing Prior to Elective Cataract Surgery
Condition: Cataract Surgery; COVID-19
MeSH terms: COVID-19; Cataract
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The world health organization declared corona virus disease (COVID19) a pandemic since march
      2020. Since then the future landscape of medical practices and procedures is being heavily
      shaped by the emergence of this pandemic. COVID 19 testing has already standardized within
      the medical field as doctors wearing scrubs or fitness examination before operation. We are
      now more than 2 years into COVID-19 pandemic with more than 6 effective vaccines available in
      the market for public to boost and build up their immunity against the virus. Every 3 to 4
      months we hear about a new strain and another wave of the virus attacking the world,
      therefore healthcare institutions face enormous challenges in balancing patients' needs and
      simultaneous safety to health care workers.

      The Indian council of medical research in June 2020 proposed that testing for Covid-19 for
      asymptomatic patients coming for elective surgeries should be performed for neurosurgery, ear
      nose, and throat (ENT) surgery, dental procedures, etc. and for non-surgical interventions
      like bronchoscopy, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and dialysis. A role of preoperative
      testing of Covid-19 for every patient is still controversial especially in asymptomatic
      healthy patients with not known exposure to a COVID positive patient.

      Most patients attending eye out patient department (EOPD) are aged 65y and older are
      considered at a higher risk for worse outcome in case of COVID-19 infection. Therefore a
      rethink of a cataract surgery pathway should include preoperative perioperative and
      postoperative care in order to maintain safety conditions for patients and for healthcare
      staff.

      COVID-19 can infect anyone and result in transmission of infection before the patient become
      symptomatic or even without ever developing symptoms. Therefore preoperative screening of
      patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery should be considered.
    


Intervention name(s): PCR for COVID-19 testing
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): PCR for asymptomatic adult undergoing elective cataract surgery
Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Asymptomatic adult undergoing cataract surgery
A Trial of Single Port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Versus Four Port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Condition: Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      This is a single-institution, prospective, one-to-one randomized controlled research study.
      Subjects medically determined to need a cholecystectomy will be consented for surgery and
      study participation prior to enrolment in this study. Patients will then be randomized to
      receive either a single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy or a four port laparoscopic
      cholecystectomy.
    


Intervention name(s): Laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery
Intervention type(s): Device
Intervention description(s): Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery versus a standard four port device.
Other intervention name(s): ACS Triport, Advanced Surgical Concepts, Ireland
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Safety and Immunogenicity of 20vPnC in Toddlers With 2 Prior Doses of Prevenar 13
Condition: Pneumococcal Disease
MeSH terms: Pneumococcal Infections
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 3

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to understand the safety and effects of a study vaccine (20vPnC)
      in toddlers who had 2 prior doses of Prevnar 13.

      This study is being conducted in children who:

        -  are between 12 to 23 months of age;

        -  are healthy as determined by the study doctors;

        -  have received 2 doses of Prevnar 13 during the first year in life.

      Participants in this study will receive either 1 dose or 2 doses of the study vaccine or 1
      dose of Prevnar 13 as a shot in the muscle. During the study, participants will have to come
      to the study clinic to receive the vaccines and have blood sample collected. The study team
      will work with participants' parents or legal guardians to monitor any unwanted reactions to
      the vaccines. Participants are expected to take part in this study for about 1 or 3 months,
      for 1 dose or 2 dose schedules, respectively.
    


Intervention name(s): 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
Intervention type(s): Biological; Biological
Intervention description(s): 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
Intervention MeSH terms: Vaccines; Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Prevention
The Effect of tDCS Applied During Sleep on Memory Consolidation
Condition: Sleep
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study will attempt to use a type of non-invasive brain stimulation technology during
      sleep to improve measures of sleep quality and memory in young healthy students and older
      adults. The type of brain stimulation is called transcranial direct current stimulation
      (tDCS), which uses small currents of electricity to increase or decrease the activity of
      specific areas of the brain.
    

Detailed description: 
      Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe, non-invasive, and inexpensive brain
      stimulation modality that has been shown to have the ability to modulate both cortical and
      deep brain structure activity. This technique has undergone a significant amount of
      investigation in varied neuropsychiatric populations and interest in this technique has
      increased dramatically as of late.

      Some researchers have studied the effects of this modality on sleep as well as memory with
      promising results. One such study demonstrated that by using bilateral tDCS with a pattern of
      stimulation in the delta frequency range (0-3 Hz) delivered during slow wave sleep, that it
      is possible to increase delta power during slow wave sleep, as well as improve sleep
      efficiency. In addition to showing that it is possible to enhance slow waves, it was also
      demonstrated that this increase was associated with an improvement of a measure of
      declarative memory consolidation (one of the theorized functions of slow wave sleep).
      Enhancing memory function in a normal healthy group raises the possibility that it would also
      be possible to enhance memory in clinical populations who would benefit from such an
      intervention.

      The investigators propose to test this intervention for replication in a similar cohort.
    

Intervention name(s): transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS); Sham
Intervention type(s): Device; Other
Intervention description(s): tDCS is a type of brain stimulation that uses low current applied directly over the scalp to increase, or decrease cortical activity under the stimulating electrodes. tDCS applied bi-frontally using Chattanooga Ionto™ Iontophoresis System - Phoresor. A square wave will be delivered at 0.75 Hz for five blocks of five minutes each with one minute inter-train interval. Stimulation will be applied following 8 epochs of consecutive stage 2 or deeper sleep.; tDCS device connected and tested, but not turned on during the night. This has been found to be an effective sham in other studies using this technique.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Basic Science