miRNAs in Periodontal Disease
Condition: Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Gingivitis
MeSH terms: Gingivitis; Periodontitis; Periodontal Diseases
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      It has been stated that microRNA (miRNA) play an important role in development, homeostasis
      and immune functions, and abnormal miRNA expression may cause faster disease progression. The
      aim of this study was to determine miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, miR-155, miR-29b
      gene expressions in saliva of the patients with periodontal disease before and after
      non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) and to evaluate the effect of smoking on these
      miRNAs. A total of 90 individuals, 30 with periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis, and 30
      periodontally healthy (control group), were included. These three groups were divided into
      subgroups as smoking and non-smoking individuals, with 15 people in each group. NSPT was
      applied to patients with periodontitis and gingivitis. Saliva samples and clinical parameters
      were taken from at baseline and repeated 6 weeks after NSPT.
    


Intervention name(s): Control; Smokers with periodontally healthy; Non-smokers with gingivitis; Smokers with gingivitis; Non-smokers with periodontitis; Smokers with periodontitis
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test; Diagnostic Test; Diagnostic Test; Diagnostic Test; Diagnostic Test; Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): probing pocket depth (PPD)≤ 3 mm (presence of normal gingival sulcus), bleeding on probing (BOP) < 10%, clinical absence of periodontal inflammation, radiological bone loss, and any prior periodontal disease, additionally presence of anatomically intact periodontium and nonsmokers if they had no previous history of smoking; probing pocket depth (PPD)≤ 3 mm (presence of normal gingival sulcus), bleeding on probing (BOP) < 10%, clinical absence of periodontal inflammation, radiological bone loss, and any prior periodontal disease, additionally presence of anatomically intact periodontium and smokers if they had smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day for ≥5 years; without attachment and alveolar bone loss who had gingival inflammation, PD ≤ 3 mm and BOP > 30% in the full mouth and nonsmokers if they had no previous history of smoking; without attachment and alveolar bone loss who had gingival inflammation, PD ≤ 3 mm and BOP > 30% in the full mouth and smokers if they had smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day for ≥5 years; interdental clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 5 mm and PPD ≥ 6 mm on at least two non-adjacent teeth, bone loss involving the middle or apical third of the root radiographically, moderate ridge defect and ≥30% of teeth and nonsmokers if they had no previous history of smoking; interdental clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 5 mm and PPD ≥ 6 mm on at least two non-adjacent teeth, bone loss involving the middle or apical third of the root radiographically, moderate ridge defect and ≥30% of teeth and smokers if they had smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day for ≥5 years
Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        1. group (Control): Periodontally and systemically healthy and non-smoking

          2. group: Periodontally and systemically healthy and smoking

          3. group: Gingivitis, Systemically healthy and non-smoking

          4. group: Gingivitis, Systemically healthy and smoking

          5. group: Periodontitis, Systemically healthy and non-smoking

          6. group: Periodontitis, Systemically healthy and smoking