Cartoons and Musical-moving Toys in Invasive Procedure Applications Reduce Pain and Fear Levels of Children
Condition: Pediatric Disorder
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the cartoon and musical-moving toy
      watched in the invasive procedure application on the pain and fear level of children.

      Material and Method: The research was carried out as a randomized controlled experiment in
      Atatürk University Health Research and Application Center Pediatric Emergency Service between
      March 2021 and February 2022. The population of the study consisted of children between the
      ages of 3 and 6 who came for treatment at the specified hospital. The sample of the research;
      40 cartoons, 40 musical-moving toys, 40 control group, totally 120 children who applied to
      the pediatric emergency service between June 2021 and January 2022 and met the research
      criteria and volunteered to participate in the research. Data collection tools were collected
      through face-to-face interviews with "Survey Form", "Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale
      (WBS)" and "Child Fear Scale (CFS)". In the research, "cartoon" and "musical-moving toy" were
      used as intervention tools.
    

Detailed description: 
      Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the cartoon and musical-moving toy
      watched in the invasive procedure application on the pain and fear level of children.

      Material and Method: The research was carried out as a randomized controlled experiment in
      Atatürk University Health Research and Application Center Pediatric Emergency Service between
      March 2021 and February 2022. There is one intervention room in the Pediatric Emergency
      Service. There are blood collection stretcher, vascular access-bleeding materials (intraket,
      cotton, 70% alcohol, tourniquet, plaster, injector, blood tubes, etc.) in this room.The
      population of the study consisted of children between the ages of 3 and 6 who came for
      treatment at the specified hospital. In order to ensure randomization, the children who met
      the criteria were included in the control group in the first week, the children in the second
      week were included in the cartoon group, and the children in the third week were included in
      the musical-moving toy group, and this cycle was continued until the end of the study and
      randomization was achieved.The sample of the research; 40 cartoons, 40 musical-moving toys,
      40 control group, totally 120 children who applied to the pediatric emergency service between
      June 2021 and January 2022 and met the research criteria and volunteered to participate in
      the research. Children from 2 experimental and 2 control groups who did not want to
      participate in the study were excluded from the study. Prior power analysis was performed to
      determine the adequacy of the sample size of the study. In the power analysis, it was
      determined that the study was at the significance level of 0.05, at the 95% confidence
      interval, and the effect size was 0.551 and the power was 0.99. Data collection tools were
      collected through face-to-face interviews with "Survey Form", "Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating
      Scale (WBS)" and "Child Fear Scale (CFS)". In the research, "cartoon" and "musical-moving
      toy" were used as intervention tools. Two different cartoons were used in the research, and
      these were the children's favorites, 'Red Fish' and 'Niloya'. Pepee is a toy suitable for the
      developmental characteristics of children aged three and over. The data were analyzed with
      the SPSS for Windows 22 package program. Ethical principles were followed in the research.
      The research sample is limited to pediatric patients who applied to Atatürk University Health
      Research and Application Center Pediatric Emergency Service between June and December 2021
      and participated in the study voluntarily. Research results can be generalized to this group.
    

Intervention name(s): Cartoons; musical-moving toys
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): cartoons were found to be effective in reducing children's pain and fear levels.; musical-moving toys were found to be effective in reducing children's pain and fear levels.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care