Use of PRP in Treatment of Mandibular Traumatic Bone Cyst
Condition: Traumatic Bone Cyst
MeSH terms: Cysts; Bone Cysts
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      The traumatic bone cyst (TBC) is an infrequent nonepithelial lined cavity of the jaws, which
      was first expressed by lucassin 1929, the lesion has attracted a great deal of interest in
      the dental literature, but its pathogenesis is still not evidently recognized. It determines
      a bone cavity of irregular shape which appears like a cyst on a radiograph, and
      histopathologically there are no elements to confirm a diagnosis of a cysts. TBC the
      international histological classification assumed by the World Health Organisation for
      odontogenic tumours utilizes the term "solitary bone cyst", nevertheless the term "traumatic
      bone cyst" (TBC) is more extensively used in the literature. The WHO classification explains
      TBC as a non-neoplastic osseous lesion because it demonstrates no epithelial lining, which
      differentiates this lesion from the true cysts. There is general conformity that most
      traumatic bone cysts present without symptoms or signs. Seldom, expansion of the cortical
      plate may occur with extraoral swelling, less commonly there may erosion through the cortical
      bone may take place.' Teeth in the area of involved bone usually remain vital, without root
      resorption or tooth mobility. Treatment of traumatic bone cysts has included surgical
      exploration and curettage to motivate bleeding within the bony cavity,' packing of the cyst
      cavity with Gelfoam which has been saturated with thrombin and penicillin, and bone grafting
      based on previous study Injection of autogeneic blood into the bony cavity of a traumatic
      bone cyst was followed by rapid resolution of the lesion.

      Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a rich source of growth factors. The growth factors present in
      PRP are familiar, including transforming growth factor-_ (TGF-_1 and TGF-_2), vascular
      endothelial growth factor, 3 isomers of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-__,PDGF-__, and
      PDGF-__), and endothelial growth factor. These growth factors are considered to have the
      capacity to accelerate chemotaxis, mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and synthesis of collagen
      matrix and support tissue repair when applied on bone wounds. Due to this high platelet
      content, PRP has been used in orthopaedic surgery, oral implantology, and periodontics with
      the aim of making the repair process as fast and natural as possible, as it can potentially
      afford considerable tissue improvement in bone and soft tissue in a similar way. PRP is
      easily acquired, rich in cell signalling molecules, completely autogenous and can be obtained
      from minimal blood volumes.the purpose of the present study is to determine the efficacy of
      PRP in the treatment of mandibular TBC.
    

Detailed description: 
      The study sample consisted of 12 young adult volunteers presenting with TBC of mandible.
      Local ethical committee approval will be obtained before the trial starts. Laboratory tests
      (complete blood count, glucose, creatinine, platelets, lipid profile) were performed for all
      patients. These tests provided an important overview of patient health and a baseline for
      analysis of the prognosis of PRP use. The process for obtaining PRP basically consists of
      collection of a 20-mL sample of blood, centrifugation of this sample for 8 min, isolation of
      a 1-mL aliquot of plasma collected near the erythrocyte fraction. Surgical procedure
      includes: surgical exploration and injection of PRP to stimulate bone regeneration within the
      bony cavity . Bone repair was assessed by panoramic X-rays obtained at 2, 4, and 6 months
      postoperatively. Bone density was measured by area histogram analysis.
    

Intervention name(s): PRP injection
Intervention type(s): Biological
Intervention description(s): injection of PRP to traumatic bone cyst defect
Other intervention name(s): growth factor injection
Intervention MeSH terms: Mitogens
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: PRP; TBC; Treatment