Virtual Reality and Acupressure Applications; Effect on Pain, Anxiety, Vital Signs and Comfort
Condition: Pain; Anxiety; Vital Signs; Virtual Reality
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Coronary angiography (CAG) is an invasive method for imaging the coronary arteries. The
      femoral artery is frequently used during CAG and patients feel pain and anxiety during
      removal of the catheters placed in the femoral region. These disorders also negatively affect
      the vital signs and comfort levels of patients.

      Different methods are used in direct proportion to the development of technology for
      relieving anxiety and pain caused by invasive surgical procedures in patients. These methods
      include virtual reality (VR) applications. Innovative, up-to-date and original, virtual
      reality is the fusion of fiction and technology with reality and imagination. These programs;
      It is stated that in addition to reducing the patient's anxiety and pain, it makes them feel
      safe, increases their comfort, care satisfaction and positively affects their participation
      in care.

      Acupressure is one of the most widely used non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain and
      anxiety, and one of the applications included in the Nursing Interventions Classification
      (NIC). Applications made with manipulations such as pressure and rubbing on certain points on
      the meridians where energy flow takes place in the body are called acupressure. It has been
      determined that acupressure applications in different areas reduce pain and anxiety and
      positively affect vital signs and patient comfort.

      Although there are studies in the literature in which different non-pharmacological methods
      are applied to reduce pain and anxiety caused by catheter extraction after CAG, positively
      affect vital signs, and increase the level of comfort, no research has been found in which
      acupressure method and virtual reality methods developed with today's technology are applied
      together. In this study, it was planned to reduce the pain and anxiety of the patients, to
      observe the effects on vital signs, and to increase their comfort levels, with acupressure
      application and virtual reality methods, which have not been applied non-pharmacologically
      until now, in patients who underwent CAG.
    

Detailed description: 
      Before starting the research, permission was obtained from Çukurova University Medical
      Faculty Balcalı Hospital Cardiology Departmant, from Balcalı Hospital Chief Physician, and
      Çukurova Ethics Committee by the investigator . University Faculty of Medicine
      Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee approval was received with the date and number
      of 02.10.2020/104 An application was made to the Scientific Research Projects Unit to support
      the project with all permissions. It has been approved as a Scientific Research Project.

      Type of Research:

      The study was planned as an experimental, randomized controlled trial with 3 groups.

      Place and Date of the Research:

      The study will be applied to patients who underwent coronary angiography in the Cardiology
      Department of Çukurova University Medical Faculty Balcalı Hospital October 2021. Cardiology
      department consists of 1 outpatient clinic, 1 intensive care unit, 1 service, 2 angiography
      laboratories and 46 patient beds.

      Universe and Sample:

      The universe of the research will be all patients who will undergo CAG in the Cardiology
      Department of a university hospital date 2021. A pilot study will be conducted for sampling
      purposes and 9 patients from each group will be recruited and completed with a total of 27
      patients. Patients will be divided into 3 groups (2 experiments, 1 control) by computer
      randomization.

      Data Collection Tools In the collection of data, Informed Voluntary Consent Form (IVCF),
      Personal Information Form (PIF), Visual Assessment Scale for pain (VAS-Visuel Analog Scale),
      State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for anxiety (STAI) was created by the researcher by scanning
      the literature. Perianesthesia Comfort Scale (PCS) will be used for comfort and vital signs
      will be measured.

      Statistical analysis of the collected data will be done using a package program called SPSS
      (IBM SPSS Statistics 24).
    

Intervention name(s): Virtual Reality; Acupressure
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Intervention description(s): It is planned that VR glasses are put on 5-10 minutes before the procedure and continued throughout the procedure, and the total monitoring time will continue for 30 minutes.; Acupressure will be applied 10 minutes before catheter extraction after CAG.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: 3 Group randomized
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Prevention