Effects of Goat Milk Yogurt on Postprandial Glycemic Responses, Arterial Blood Pressure and Energy Intake
Condition: Potential Abnormality of Glucose Tolerance; Appetite; Lack or Loss, Nonorganic Origin
MeSH terms: Anorexia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study investigated any potential associations between two preloads offered as snacks and
      postprandial glycemic response, subjective appetite and energy intake in healthy, normal
      weight adults
    

Detailed description: 
      This study aimed at 1. firstly determine the glycemic index (GI) of a) goat milk yogurt b)
      goat milk yogurt with currants, c) currants and d) sultanina raisins, all containing 25 gr
      available carbohydrates and 2. test the hypothesis that a goat milk yogurt consumed as a
      snack before a meal, compared to milk with lactic acid would: a) have greater short-term
      effect on satiety measured by subsequent ad libitum meal intake, b) induce greater satiety as
      assessed by visual analogue scales (VAS) and c) reduce postprandial glycemic response.
    

Intervention name(s): Glucose as reference food; Goat milk as test food; Goat milk and currants as test food; Currants as test food; Sultanina raisins as test food; Goat milk yogurt as preload; Milk with lactic acid as preload
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other; Other; Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Twelve subjects (male: 4 female: 8) consumed 25g glucose diluted in 150ml water, two times, in different weeks, within 5-10 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Twelve subjects (male: 4 female: 8) consumed 617 g goat milk yogurt, offering 25g available carbohydrate along with 250 mL water, one time, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Twelve subjects (male: 4 female: 8) consumed 308 g goat milk yogurt and 19 g currants, offering 25g available carbohydrate along with 250 mL water, one time, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Twelve subjects (male: 4 female: 8) consumed 37.8 g currants, offering 25g available carbohydrate along with 250 mL water, one time, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Twelve subjects (male: 4 female: 8) consumed 37.5 g sultanina raisins, offering 25g available carbohydrate along with 250 mL water, one time, in different weeks, within 10-15 min. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.; Forty-five healthy subjects (male: 12, female: 33) consumed a standardized breakfast (bread and honey) and 2h after were offered a preload given as snack (200g goat milk yogurt). Three hours after, subjects were given ad libitum access to a meal (lunch and dessert). The meal consisted of rice, roasted chicken breast and chocolate vanilla cake. Foods were weighed before serving and any leftovers were weighed again after meal. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken before breakfast, 120min after breakfast; before preload, 120minand 180minpost-preload consumption; before meal (lunch and dessert), 60minand 120min post-meal consumption. Subjective appetite ratings were assessed with 100mm VAS.; Forty-five healthy subjects (male: 12, female: 33) consumed a standardized breakfast (bread and honey) and 2h after were offered a preload given as snack (200g milk with lactic acid). Three hours after, subjects were given ad libitum access to a meal (lunch and dessert). The meal consisted of rice, roasted chicken breast and chocolate vanilla cake. Foods were weighed before serving and any leftovers were weighed again after meal. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken before breakfast, 120min after breakfast; before preload, 120minand 180minpost-preload consumption; before meal (lunch and dessert), 60minand 120min post-meal consumption. Subjective appetite ratings were assessed with 100mm VAS.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Intervention model description: Other: Glucose as reference food Other: goat milk yogurt as test food Other: goat milk yogurt with currants as test food Other: currants as test food Other: sultanina raisins as test food Other: goat milk preload Other: milk with lactic acid preload
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Other