The Effect of Using Virtual Reality Glasses on Surgical Fear and Anxiety
Condition: Open Heart Surgery; Virtual Reality; Preoperative Anxiety; Fear; Nurse
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the effect of using virtual reality glasses
      on the surgical fear and anxiety levels of patients undergoing open heart surgery on the
      morning of surgery. The main hypotheses are:

        1. The surgical fear level of patients who use virtual reality glasses on the morning of
           surgery is lower than patients who do not use virtual reality glasses.

        2. The anxiety level of patients who use virtual reality glasses on the morning of surgery
           is lower than patients who do not use virtual reality glasses.

      Before the surgery, study group patients will be asked to watch videos using virtual reality
      glasses.
    

Detailed description: 
      The group distribution of the patients was made using the Random Allocation Software (Version
      2.0.0) program and the patients were divided into two groups: the study group and the control
      group.

      Patients in the study group were asked to watch videos using virtual reality glasses between
      the first, second and third evaluation before surgery.

      The researcher visited the patients in the cardiovascular surgery ward before the surgery and
      reported that the patients in the study group would watch video (including nature sounds such
      as bird sounds, water sounds, etc) with virtual reality glasses. Patients in the control
      group were informed that the normal service protocol would be applied.

      The Surgical Fear Scale was developed to measure the surgical fear levels experienced by
      patients before surgery. To assess surgical fear, patients are asked to rate their fear level
      for each question with a number ranging from 0 - 'I am not afraid at all' to 10 -'I am very
      afraid'. Visual Analog Scale - To evaluate anxiety, patients are asked to mark the anxiety
      they perceive on a line ranging from 0 -'no anxiety' to 10 -'highest level of anxiety'. The
      total score of the surgical fear scale is obtained by summing the scores of all scale
      questions; The lowest score that can be obtained is 0 and the highest score is 80. A lower
      score indicates that patients experience less surgical fear during their activities. Higher
      scores indicate a higher level of surgical fear.

      To perform the first evaluation in the study group, the researcher went to the patient and
      evaluated the patient introduction form and surgical fear and anxiety levels. Then, the
      researcher nurse explained that they were waiting for the operating room team to arrive and
      gave the patients brief information about the virtual reality glasses. Then, entrances and
      exits to the room were restricted to ensure that the room was quiet enough to watch videos
      and away from distracting elements. Patients were then asked to watch the video carefully and
      focus on the video sounds. Virtual reality glasses were fitted to the patients and videos
      were started to be watched. The nurse researcher remained in the patient's room until the
      video ended. At the end of the video, the glasses were taken from the patient and
      disinfected, and the researcher nurse left the patient room. Then, a second evaluation was
      made by the service nurse. The third evaluation was made by the researcher nurse when the
      patients were taken down to the operating room waiting room.

      In the control group, the first evaluation was made by the researcher nurse. Then, normal
      service protocol was applied to the control group patients and a second evaluation was made
      by the service nurse before going down to the operating room waiting room. The third
      evaluation was made by the researcher nurse in the operating room waiting room.
    

Intervention name(s): Experimental (with VR-G)
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Watching video with using VR-G before undergoing open heart surgery
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: The research will be conducted using randomized controlled, experimental type and single-blind research methods. For this purpose, after the data are collected, they will be coded as A and B groups, so the researcher who will make the research statistics will analyze the data without knowing the study and control groups. Randomization method will be used to determine the groups. For this, the patients who meet the study criteria and volunteer will be assigned to the groups using the randomization program 'Random Allocation Software 2.0' according to the order of hospitalization.
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care
Keywords: open heart surgery; virtual reality; preoperative anxiety; surgical fear; surgery nurse