Pattern of Admission of Children With COVID-19 Admitted in Assuit University Children Hospital.
Condition: Assess the Outcome for Children With Covid-19 Admitted in Assuit University Children Hospital
MeSH terms: COVID-19
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      A novel coronavirus was identified following a cluster of cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, China,
      in December 2019. It rapidly spread as an outbreak there. On the 23rd of January 2020, it was
      announced that the outbreak constituted apublic health emergency of international concern.
      Few weeks later, virus spread was recorded worldwide and was announcedas a pandemic by WHO in
      March 11, 2020.Global spread included Egypt, and the first case was recorded inEgypt
      onFebruary 14, 2020.Diagnosis of COVID-19 depend on a case definition of suspected and
      confirmed case.

      Implementation of case definition depend on the clinical presentation of the case and on
      laboratory test as well asradiological finding.The cases will be stratified according to
      these collective data to different grades of severity.

      Mild cases are either asymptomatic or symptomatic with Leucopenia and/or lymphopenia with no
      radiological evidence of pneumonia (upper respiratory tract illness ± one of the following
      symptoms: fever < 38, cough,GIT symptoms, myalgia and/or arthralgia).

      Moderate cases include patients with leucopenia and/or lymphopenia with clinical and
      radiological evidence of pneumonia, including fever > 38 °Cwith or without cough and
      tachypnea (respiratory rate > 60 breaths/min forinfants < 2 months, > 50 breaths/min for
      infants 2-12 months, > 40 breaths/min for children 1-4 years, > 30 breaths/min for children
      older than5 years old), and the condition may be associated by moderate to severe
      dehydration.

      Cases are considered as severe and critically ill if any of the following is present: - O2
      saturation ≤ 92% despite escalating O2 therapy to maximal allowed 6 L/min - O2 saturation ≤
      90 % at room air - If the patient in septic shock, confused or hemodynamically unstable
      despite fluid resuscitation - If respiratory manifestations are combined with other organ
      failure - Chest radiography > 50% lesion or progressive lesion within 24-48 hrs.

      Children may play a major role in community-based viral transmission. Available data suggest
      that children may have more upper respiratory tract involvement (including nasopharyngeal
      carriage) rather than lower respiratory tract involvement.

      The decision of the site of management either at home or in hospital depends on the clinical
      presentation, requirement for supportive care, potential risk factors for severe disease, and
      the ability of the patient to self-isolate at home. Supportive treatment including sufficient
      fluid and calories intake, and additional oxygen supplementation should be used in the
      treatment of children infected with COVID-19. The aim is to prevent ARDS, organ failure, and
      secondary nosocomial infections. If bacterial infection is suspected, broad-spectrum
      antibiotics may be used.
    


Intervention name(s): RT PCR test of COVID 19
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): diagnostic test by naso-pharyngel swab to confirm the diagnosis of covid-19 at moderate and severe cases.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        All subjects that meet the selection criteria (suspectedor confirmed cases of covid-19) in
        the period from 1st April 2022 till 31th March 2023, examined and/or admitted in AUCH.