Thyroid Function Tests and Status of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Covid-19 Patients
Condition: COVID-19 Infection; Thyroid Function Tests; Inflammation; Thyroid; Inflammatory Markers
MeSH terms: COVID-19; Thyroid Diseases; Inflammation
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      COVID-19 infection causes a hypersensitive immune reaction and widespread inflammation
      through cytokines in various organs of the body, especially the lungs.

      This cytokine-mediated widespread inflammation can also affect the thyroid gland, causing
      thyroiditis and impaired thyroid functions.

      The researchers evaluated thyroid function tests and thyroid autoantibodies in patients
      hospitalized for COVID-19 infection. Researchers excluded patients on intensive care therapy
      and patients with known thyroid disease.

      The researchers examined the relationship of thyroid hormones and thyroid autoantibodies to
      COVID-19 disease, white blood cells, neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio, c reactive protein,
      fibrinogen, procalcitonin, ferritin, and D-dimer stages in these patients. Researchers
      compared changes in thyroid hormones and autoantibodies in people without COVID-19 infection
      and without thyroid disease.
    

Detailed description: 
      The coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) virus, which can cause severe acute respiratory syndrome
      through droplet, has caused the global Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 infection
      can be asymptomatic as well as lead to severe illness and even death. This virus causes a
      hypersensitive immune reaction and varying degrees of widespread inflammation through
      cytokines in various organs of the body, mainly the lungs.

      Cytokine-mediated widespread inflammation caused by the virus may also affect the thyroid
      gland and thyrocytes, causing thyroiditis and impairment of thyroid functions. Thus, it may
      cause changes in thyroid hormones and thyroid autoantibodies.

      In study, the researchers found that in patients who were symptomatic with COVID-19 infection
      and who were hospitalized, thyroid function tests such as serum thyrotropin (TSH), free
      triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb),
      anti-thyroglobulin evaluated antibodies (TGAb). The investigators did not recruit patients in
      intensive care and patients with known thyroid disease.

      Researchers looked at the association of patients' thyroid hormones and thyroid
      autoantibodies with white blood cells, neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio, c reactive protein,
      fibrinogen, procalcitonin, ferritin, D-dimer from hospital archives. The researchers
      determined how the thyroid hormones and autoantibodies of patients with COVID-19 infection
      were compared with healthy individuals without COVID-19 infection and thyroid disease.
    

Intervention name(s): Venous blood was collected for biochemistry testing.
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): For the measurement of blood tests, 10 ml of blood samples were taken from the right forearm veins with a syringe.
Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Retrospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        The results of screening thyroid blood tests of healthy people without thyroid disease will
        be compared with the records of the COVID 19 patient group who were hospitalized and
        treated with no known thyroid disease.