Rehabilitation Treatment of Patients With COVID-19
Condition: Rehabilitation; Pneumonia, Viral; COVID-19; Quality of Life
MeSH terms: COVID-19; Pneumonia, Viral
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This is single centre retrospective study with propensity score matching. The aim of the
      study is to develop criteria for determining groups of patients with a new coronavirus
      infection based on clinical, laboratory and instrumental data for whom rehabilitation
      programs (physical exercises, chest massage in an electrostatic field) will be effective.
      Data on predictors of effective rehabilitation in COVID-19 is limited. Knowledge of
      predictors of possibility and efficacy of rehabilitation programs could enhance patients
      recovery. The main symptoms of COVID-19 involve the respiratory system and psychological
      function. Early rehabilitation can reduce hospital length of stay. Different patients have
      different degrees of dysfunction; therefore, personal plans should be developed according to
      the patient's age, sex, lifestyle and physical condition. Regular follow-up and
      rehabilitation guidance were conducted for discharged patients, focusing on improving vital
      capacity and cardiopulmonary endurance. There is a clear consensus that early rehabilitation
      is an important strategy for the treatment of polyneuropathy and myopathy in critical
      disease, to facilitate and improve long-term recovery and patients' functional independence,
      and to reduce the duration of respiratory support and hospitalization. Early rehabilitation
      and exercise prescriptions remain to be further optimized, especially for hospitalised
      patients.
    

Detailed description: 
      The application of early rehabilitation can promote recovery of body functions; however,
      further studies are needed to determine the patient selection criteria and relevant mode of
      rehabilitation program.

      A primary concern is regarding the timing of when to start a rehabilitation protocol in the
      face of the real threat of COVID-19.

      Rehabilitation programs include physical exercises, and chest massage in an electrostatic
      field, started in the first 3 days after the patient's body temperature returned to normal.

      The demographic and clinical data will be collected. Laboratory data (white blood cells
      count, C-reactive protein), and Instrumental data (pulse oxymetry, CT-scan) will be analysed.
      Rehabilitation evaluation - Health profile according to the quality of life questionnaire
      before and after each rehabilitation mode will be analysed. Exercise termination criteria:
      (1) Fluctuations in body temperature > 37.2°C; (2) respiratory symptoms and fatigue worsen;
      (3) chest tightness, chest pain, breathing difficulties, severe cough, dizziness, headache,
      blurred vision, palpitations, sweating, trouble standing.
    

Intervention name(s): exercises; massage
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The complex of therapeutic exercises included exercises in the initial position lying, sitting and standing. In active and static motor modes under the control of saturation, blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate.
The complex included breathing exercises with the inclusion of compensatory respiratory muscles, elements of sound and drainage gymnastics, and diaphragmatic breathing. Therapeutic gymnastics was carried out in the form of individual lessons with an exercise therapy instructor, a course of 10 procedures, daily, the duration was 20 minutes.; Hardware massage in the electrostatic field with a frequency of 30/60 Hz of the chest area consisted of 10 procedures, daily, the duration of the procedure was 20 minutes.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment