Comparison of Smoking and Vaping in Families
Condition: Smoking
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Electronic cigarette use may be less harmful than cigarettes in adults, however, limited data
      exists examining passive electronic cigarette exposure and child health outcomes. The current
      study seeks to compare health-related outcomes among youth who reside with non-smokers,
      cigarette smokers, and electronic cigarette users. The investigators propose to conduct a
      small pilot study with 30 youth, ages 6-17 and a caregiver. Three groups of 10 parent-child
      dyads will be recruited: 1) control group: parents who are non-smokers/non-vapers, 2) smoking
      group: parents who are exclusive cigarette smokers, and 3) vaping group: parents who are
      exclusively ECIG users. Groups will be compared across the following variables: child lung
      function and biomarkers of nicotine.
    

Detailed description: 
      The current study seeks to compare health-related outcomes among youth who reside with
      non-smokers, cigarette smokers, and electronic cigarette users.

      Control Group: will consist of participants ages 6 - 17 who live in a home with adults who do
      not smoke. A brief breathing test will verify a non-smoker and/or are not around a certain
      amount of smoke in the environment (live with a smoker). The participant will be asked to
      complete a series of brief questionnaires that asks about basic demographic information,
      medical history, and that asks about their smoking history. The participant's will also be
      asked to complete two 5 minute breathing tests, provide a sample of saliva, a urine sample,
      and have their toe nails clipped.

      Vaping Group: will consist of participants ages 6 -17 who live in a home with adults who
      currently use electronic cigarettes. A brief breathing test will verify a non-tobacco smoker
      and/or are not around a certain amount of smoke in the environment (live with a tobacco
      smoker). The participant will be asked to complete a series of brief questionnaires that asks
      about basic demographic information, smoking or vaping history and patterns of use, and
      medical history. The participant will be asked to complete two 5 minute breathing tests,
      provide a sample of saliva, a urine sample, and have their toe nails clipped.

      Smoking Group: will consist of participants ages 6 - 17 who live in a home with adults who
      currently smoke cigarettes. Participants will then be asked to complete a series of brief
      questionnaires that asks about basic demographic information, smoking or vaping history and
      patterns of use, and medical history. The participant will also be asked to complete two 5
      minute breathing tests, provide a sample of saliva, a urine sample, and have their toe nails
      clipped.
    

Intervention name(s): Saliva sample; Urine Sample; Toe nail clippings; Breath carbon monoxide test
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): All participants will provide a saliva sample.; All participants will provide a urine sample.; All participants will provide toe nail clippings.; All participants will provide breath carbon monoxide tests
Intervention MeSH terms: Carbon Monoxide
Observational model: Ecologic or Community
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        In order to be included in the study, parents must: 1) be a legal guardian of a child
        between the ages of 6-17 (if caregiver has more > 1 child between 6-17 years; 2) be aged
        18-65 years; and 3) be fluent in English. Additionally, the child must reside in the same
        home as the caregiver.
      
Biospecimen description: 
      Saliva, urine, and toenail clippings