Self-identified Participation and Environment of Children With Disabilities
Condition: Developmental Disability
MeSH terms: Developmental Disabilities
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Picture My Participation (PmP) is a child self-report tool for children and adolescents with
      disabilities. The PmP uses pictures that enable children to identify participation
      frequencies, participation goals, and environmental supports/barriers to a home, school, and
      community activities. The PmP has been translated to different languages and cultures,
      including Traditional Chinese for the use in Taiwan. Given the advances and popularity of
      mobile technologies, the PmP-Traditional Chinese version has been developed into App software
      (PmP-C App) to provide a fun and user-friendly interface to promote communication and active
      engagement in the assessment process. The PmP-C App version would be need to establish the
      usability, reliability and validity in children with various types of disabilities.

      The purposes of this study are to: establish usability, reliability, and validity using the
      PMP App version, and characterize child-identified participation goals and identify
      environmental supports and barriers in children with and without disabilities. Data will be
      collected by examination and interviews using the PmP-C App and other measures for
      validation.
    

Detailed description: 
      This is a two-year cross-sectional study to explore the use of the PmP-C App version with
      children with and without disabilities. The estimated participants are 160 pairs of children
      with disabilities 6-12 years of age and their caregivers and 160 age-matched peers with
      typical development and their caregivers (a total of 640 participants). The design enables
      validation of the responses of children with disabilities with various sources (i.e.
      caregivers' responses, children without disabilities, and other child-report measures).
      Findings of reliability and validity will provide a basis for reporting child-identified
      participation goals and environmental factors. The COnsensus-based Standards for the
      selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guideline is used to design a
      high-quality validation study. To characterize child-perceived participation and environment,
      the data are collected for two groups: one group of children with disabilities (the DD group)
      and one group of children without disabilities (the TD group). The design enables examination
      of how prioritized activities and frequent encountered environmental supports and barriers
      may vary given different capabilities of children with disabilities and peers with typical
      development.
    

Intervention name(s): PmP-C App
Intervention type(s): Device
Intervention description(s): The key features of PmP-C App include: "About Me" (entering child's demographic data e.g. age, gender, family members), "My participation" (answering frequency and involvement of activities), and "My goal" (selecting 3 important activities they desire to change and identify things that made them easy or hard to do, i.e. participation goals and environmental supports or barriers). The App is to be manipulated adult interviewers but also can be manipulated by the child if they are able to.
Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        children with disabilities 6-12 years old and their parents or primary caregivers;
        age-matched children with typical development and their caregivers