Articaine Infiltration in Anesthetizing Mandibular Second Primary Molars
Condition: Anesthesia, Local
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Background: Articaine hydrochloride has steadily grown in popularity, and studies have shown
      that articaine hydrochloride performs better than lidocaine due to an enhanced anes-thetic
      efficacy. The most common technique to anesthetize mandibular primary teeth is in-ferior
      alveolar nerve block (IANB) which induces a relatively sustained anesthesia and in turn may
      potentially traumatize soft-tissues. Therefore, the need of having an alternative technique
      of anesthesia with a shorter term but the same efficacy is reasonable.

      Aim: Evaluating The effectiveness of Articaine infiltration versus conventional inferior
      al-veolar nerve block in anesthetizing the second primary mandibular molars during pulpoto-my
      procedure.

      Materials and Methods: The study will be two-arm randomized controlled clinical trial,
      parallel design and it will be setup and reported according the CONSORT guidelines. A total
      of 52 healthy children aged 5-6 years, will be selected from Pediatric Dentistry and Dental
      Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt. Children will
      be selected with scores 3 or 4 according to Frankl behavioral rating scale. Each child
      selected will have at least one mandibular second primary molar that is indicat-ed for
      pulpotomy. Written informed consent will be obtained from guardian. Participants will be
      randomly and equally allocated to one of the two arms into two groups according to the
      technique of anesthesia that will be used.

      Group I (Experimental group n =26) assigned to articaine infiltration anesthesia, while group
      II (Control group n = 26) assigned to the conventional IANB injection articaine.

      Pain will be assessed by three diferent methods: physiological method using the Heart rate as
      vital parameter of pain, and will be recorded at base line, during injection, pulpotomy and
      stainless steel crown (SSC) preparation. Objective method using Sensory, Eye, Motor (SEM)
      scale, and subjective method where the pain will be evaluated by asking the child to express
      his experience using a modified face scale from the Maunuksela scale
    


Intervention name(s): Articaine infiltration technique; Articaine nerve block technique
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): infiltration will be performed with articaine and epinephrine 1/100 000 (Artinibsa, Inibsa, Barcelona, Spain) for all patients on their second pri-mary molar. The needle tip was placed in the buccal vestibule and then directed to the apex of the tooth and about one-third to one-fourth of the cartridge will be slowly discharged; this technique will be performed with articaine and epinephrine 1/100 000 for all patients on their second primary molar with conventional technique inferior alveolar nerve block. The thumb will be placed on the occlusal surface of intended side and protruded toward the inner oblique ridge of ramus and then placed in touch with retromolar pad. The syringe will be directed between the two mandibular primary molars of opposite side and the needle will be pushed forward until hitting the bone, then the injection will be slowly done. After three to five minutes, treatment will be started, after numbness in the lower lip is achieved
Intervention MeSH terms: Carticaine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Other