Prevention of Weight Gain in Young Adults
Condition: Weight Gain; Obesity; Overweight
MeSH terms: Overweight; Body Weight; Weight Gain
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of the present study is to determine whether weight gain may be prevented by a
      small group seminar-based two-year educational intervention on healthy lifestyle in freshmen
      at the Faculté de médecine de l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    

Detailed description: 
      This is a 2-year randomized, controlled intervention study to test the effectiveness of a
      small group seminar-based educational intervention on healthy lifestyle to prevent weight
      gain in young healthy university students.

      Hypothesis : We hypothesize that a small group seminar-based educational intervention on
      healthy lifestyle may prevent weight gain in young healthy adults.

      PROTOCOL:

      Recrutment of participants : First and second year students will be recruted at the 'Faculté
      de médecine et des sciences de la santé' of the University of Sherbrooke.

      A pre-randomisation visit will be performed to verify eligibility and exclusion criteria and
      to perform the following:

        -  Anthropometric measurements (please, see below);

        -  medical questionnaire;

        -  physical exam;

        -  standard questionnaire on dietary and physical activity habits;

        -  Canadian fitness test (to estimate VO2
           max)(www.ecoledudos.uqat.uquebec.ca/chroniquep/03preparationphysique/evaluer/#physitest)
           ;

        -  A fasting blood sample to mesure plasma glucose, insulin, plasma lipids. Serum samples
           will be stored at -80C for future analyses (adipokines, inflammation markers).

      Randomisation: Block randomization according to gender and tertile of BMI of each participant
      to either the control (no intervention) or intervention (small group seminars) group will be
      performed once the entire cohort will be recruited at the beginning of the academic year
      using computer-generated numbers. One investigator will enroll all the study participants and
      another that will have no contact with the participants will generate the allocation
      sequence.

      Measurements :

      A standard questionnaire will be administered to collect the following data: gender, age,
      study program, medical history, and physical exam results.

      Anthropometric measures will be performed at baseline and 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months and
      include:

        -  Weight (kg),

        -  height (m) (by standing stadiometre- mean of three measures),

        -  Waist circumference (cm) (midway between iliac crest and last rib end of a normal
           expiration - mean of 3 measures),

        -  lean mass by electrical bio-impedance.

      Recording of physical activity : Using a standard questionnaire (Sallis JF et al. Am J
      Epidemiol 1985;121:91-106) (reported in METs) and performed at 0, 12 and 24 months.

      Recording of dietary habits : Standard 3-day food record at 0, 12 and 24 months.

      Physical fitness (VO2 max): Canadian Home Fitness Test at 0, 12 and 24 months.

      Blood samples (60 ml) at 0 and 24 months: Plasma (15 ml) and serum (15 ml) will be collected
      after a 8 to 12 hour fast to measure blood glucose; total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, total
      triglycerides (with calculation of LDL-c using the Friedwal formula). Samples will be stored
      at -80C for future determination of plasma insulin, adipokines and serum inflammatory
      markers. These analyses will allow us to explore the relationship between weight gain and
      change in these biological parameters in our study population and to determine whether
      prevention of weight gain may also be associated with early prevention of metabolic
      abnormalities associated with obesity.

      Intervention:

      Small group seminars (10 to 12 students) in the treatment group vs. no specific intervention
      (other than measurements described above) in the control group. The duration of seminars will
      be approximatively 30 to 60 minutes and will be given every two weeks for the first two
      months of follow up and every four weeks for the remaining follow up period, except for
      summer break (July and August) when seminars will not be given. A multidisciplinary team
      including endocrinologists, a physical education specialist and a dietician designed the
      seminars that will be delivered by an endocrinology resident and a physical education
      graduate student. The first three seminars will be aimed at increasing knowledge on weight
      gain and its complications, national dietary recommendations (Canadian Food Guide) and
      exercise categories, expected benefits and recommendations for the maintenance of health. The
      remaining seminars will be designed to introduce behavioral modification methods using
      discussion on problem-solving, goal-setting and monitoring strategies. Some seminars will
      focus on behavioral strategies to maintain a healthy lifestyle during specific periods such
      as final exams, holidays, winter and vacations. The monitors themselves as well as older
      students successful at keeping an active lifestyle will be offered as role models to promote
      a positive image of a healthy lifestyle. Compliance with the intervention will be defined as
      attending at least 60% of the seminars.
    

Intervention name(s): Small group seminar-based educational intervention
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Weight gain; obesity; overweight; young adults; lipid disorders; insulin resistance; randomized controled study