Massage as Recovery Strategy After Resistance Training
Condition: Resistance Training
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Within the routine of resistance training, stimulus are implemented to meet predetermined
      goals for its practitioners. In order for there to be a balance in the imposed loads, a
      recovery period is necessary for supercompensation to occur. Recovery is a multifactorial
      process and to consider an individual recovered it is necessary to respect the integration of
      physiological, biomechanical and psychological factors, in addition, perceptual markers,
      which are not widely investigated in the literature, seem to be effective recovery markers.
      Massage is a technique that stands out for its wide use after physical exercise in order to
      help accelerate the recovery process. In the literature, studies that investigated the
      influence of massage on performance did not find positive results and some authors question
      the real need to apply the technique to aid recovery. However, in the perceptual parameters,
      massage seems to have a good influence, such as pain reduction, perception of fatigue and
      improvement in the perception of recovery. Thus, understanding the experience that massage
      can provide during a training period can be an important outcome along with variables already
      used. The hypothesis of this study is that massage will improve perceptual parameters over a
      training period and, consequently, will improve the experience between training sessions
      without positively or negatively interfering in performance.
    

Detailed description: 
      A sample of 120 participants will be recruited for the study. This is a parallel randomized
      controlled clinical trial lasting 4 weeks, each week will consist of 5 resistance training
      sessions. Participants will be randomized into three groups, control, intervention or
      placebo. Interventions will take place after training focused on the lower limbs. The
      intervention group will receive a massage for 16 minutes, in the placebo group the massage
      cream will be applied and the participants will be asked to remain in the supine position for
      16 minutes and the control group will wait the same time at rest. All participants will
      perform an initial assessment consisting of an initial screening questionnaire, referred
      morbidity index, jump test and strength test. At the beginning, during and at the end of each
      lower limb training, after the interventions over 96 hours, the perceptual parameters will be
      evaluated and the assessment of muscle tone and stiffness, elasticity, mechanical stress
      relaxation time and creep will be before and after the training and after the intervention.
      On the second day of the lower limb training on each week, the Squat Jump Test will be
      evaluated before, after training and after the intervention. At the end of the 4 weeks of
      training, the participant will perform evaluations of functional and strength outcomes. At
      the end of the study, the preference of the participant and the cost-benefit of the technique
      will also be evaluated. Participant satisfaction will be evaluated after the technique. At
      the end of each week and at the end of the study, a balance of outcomes will be carried out.
      At the end of the study, the participant will also answer a questionnaire about sensations
      during training to perform a qualitative analysis. Data will be described as mean and
      standard deviation or median and interquartile range depending on the data distribution. Data
      normality will be tested by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Comparisons between techniques and
      associations will be performed using generalized mixed models with post Bonferroni test. All
      analyzes will assume a significance level of p>0.05.
    

Intervention name(s): Massage; Placebo
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The massage will be applied for 16 minutes on the quadriceps, calf, hamstrings and lower back bilaterally with 4 different pressures.; The cream will be applied to the quadriceps, calf, hamstring and lower back bilaterally and the participant will wait 16 minutes lying down in the supine position.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: All interventions will take place 10 minutes after the end of resistance training focused on the lower limbs (twice a week for four weeks). The intervention group will receive the massage for 16 minutes in 4 muscle groups bilaterally: i) quadriceps ii) calf iii) hamstrings iv) lower back. The techniques used will be the superficial effleurage followed by the deep effleurage, petrissage and tapotement. In the placebo group, the same cream used to perform the massage will be spread over the quadriceps, calf, hamstrings and lower back with three superficial slides on each musculature to spread the cream. This process will be carried out bilaterally and the participant will be asked to remain in the supine position for 16 minutes. In the control group, participants will be asked to rest for 16 minutes and the participants can be seated, standing or walking through the space during this period.
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Other
Keywords: Massage; Physical activity; Perception; Recovery