A Serum Galectin-3 Levels in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Pregnancies
Condition: Placenta Accreta, Third Trimester
MeSH terms: Placenta Accreta
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) represents a significant cause of maternal morbidity and
      mortality, causing complications that surpass those posed by most routine obstetric issues.
      As such, early detection and proper management of PAS can significantly improve pregnancy
      outcomes. This study provides an in-depth examination of the serum levels of Galectin-3, a
      β-galactoside-binding protein, in women experiencing Placenta Accreta Spectrum compared to
      those with normal pregnancies.
    

Detailed description: 
      Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) represents a significant cause of maternal morbidity and
      mortality, causing complications that surpass those posed by most routine obstetric issues.
      As such, early detection and proper management of PAS can significantly improve pregnancy
      outcomes. This study provides an in-depth examination of the serum levels of Galectin-3, a
      β-galactoside-binding protein, in women experiencing Placenta Accreta Spectrum compared to
      those with normal pregnancies.

      Galectin-3 has been implicated in various physiological processes such as cell-cell
      interaction, cell-matrix adhesion, and immune responses. Moreover, recent evidence suggests
      an increased level of Galectin-3 is also associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and adverse
      outcomes in several pathological conditions like cardiovascular diseases and cancer. These
      multiple roles of Galectin-3 underline its potential implications and predictive ability in
      many pathological conditions including PAS disease progression during pregnancy.

      In obstetric context, research on the role and level of Galectin-3 is sparse. This study aims
      at filling this gap by comparing the serum Galectin-3 levels in PAS and normal pregnancies.
      It seeks to investigate whether there is a significant difference between the two cohorts,
      which could highlight the potential use of Galectin-3 as a possible biological marker in
      predicting or diagnosing placenta accreta spectrum.
    

Intervention name(s): Galectin 3
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): Women diagnosed with Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) were invited to join the study, providing they had no known systemic diseases (e.g. chronic hypertension, diabetes, hypothyroidism, chronic renal-liver diseases, etc.), autoimmune disorders, multiple pregnancies, or the presence of fetal structural and chromosomal anomalies. They also did not have cholestasis of pregnancy, preterm delivery, or evidence of chronic and active infection.
Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Women diagnosed with Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) were invited to join the study,
        providing they had no known systemic diseases (e.g. chronic hypertension, diabetes,
        hypothyroidism, chronic renal-liver diseases, etc.), autoimmune disorders, multiple
        pregnancies, or the presence of fetal structural and chromosomal anomalies. They also did
        not have cholestasis of pregnancy, preterm delivery, or evidence of chronic and active
        infection.
      
Biospecimen description: 
      Blood serum