Effects of Dynamic Balance Exercise on Flexible Pes Planus
Condition: Pes Planus
MeSH terms: Flatfoot
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intrinsic strengthening and
      dynamic balance exercises in patients with flexible pes planus. Forty-five participants aged
      18 to 35 years were enrolled in the study, and the first group underwent intrinsic foot
      muscle strengthening training with short foot exercises (SFE) and used insoles. The second
      group trained using the dynamic balance board, which promotes dynamic balance and used
      insoles. The third group used only insoles. The total duration of treatment was 8 weeks/3
      days. The degree of foot deformity was assessed with the, medial longitudinal arch (MLA)
      angle, measurements of subtalar angle and navicular drop test. Foot position assessed using
      Foot Posture Index (FPI) Static balance was assessed with the Flamingo Balance Test and
      dynamic balance with the " BOBO Health Platform with Gaming®" device.
    

Detailed description: 
      Pes planus (flatfoot) is generally defined as valgus of the hindfoot, disappearance of the
      medial longitudinal arch (MLA) in the midfoot, and supination of the forefoot relative to the
      hindfoot when the foot is loaded. MLA height is the most important measurement for
      determining the degree of pes planus. The decrease in MLA disrupts this balance and causes
      the muscles and bones that are supposed to balance the effect of external forces to be
      subjected to greater stress. As a result, the balance is affected. Conservative treatment
      options that can be used as the first step in treating pes planus include activity
      modifications, exercises, manipulations, serial cast applications, weight loss, shoes
      changes, shoes modifications, use of foot orthotics. Several methods are used to strengthen
      foot intrinsic muscles, including toe towel curls, picking up objects, shin curls, unilateral
      balance activities, and the short foot exercise. The common exercises are strengthening
      exercises defined for intrinsic muscles, "short foot exercises" (SF). It is known that arch
      support insoles improve foot malalignment, correct dynamic posture, effectively support leg
      alignment and pain relief, and normalize gait. The use of silicone insoles is a product whose
      range of application has increased in recent years. The extremely soft and flexible material
      ensures that the shape of the foot is adopted. The researchers believed that the presence of
      a pes planus foot deformity, common in young people, negatively affects the balance of the
      individual, revealing small disturbances and different balance strategies. In this situation,
      the training of intrinsic muscles is of great importance. The investigators aim in this study
      is to investigate the effects of intrinsic muscle strengthening and dynamic balance exercises
      performed with silicone soles in individuals with flexible pes planus.
    

Intervention name(s): Short foot exercises, Dynamic balance exercises and insole
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Short foot exercises is used to improve muscle strenght, Dynamic balance exercises is used to improve balance and insole is used to improve MLA
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: flexible pes planus; insole; balance