Impact of Manual Lymphatic Drainage on Postoperative Edema of the Face and the Neck After Orthognathic Surgery
Condition: Maxillofacial Abnormalities; Post Procedural Discharge
MeSH terms: Maxillofacial Abnormalities
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Orthognathic surgery aims to standardize position of the maxilla and the mandible and
      therefore chewing, breathing, phonation and swallowing functions. In postoperative, several
      physical and functional consequences are observed in patients: transient edema of the face,
      maxillo-mandibular blocking (causing difficulties to eat and occasional weight loss), pain
      and sensory disturbances (labial or/and chin paresthesias).

      Achieving sessions of manual lymphatic drainage by physiotherapist may allow faster decrease
      of postoperative edema, improved postoperative comfort and mental well-being.

      The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sessions of manual lymphatic
      drainage to reduce postoperative edema.
    

Detailed description: 
      Orthognathic surgery aims to standardize position of the maxilla and the mandible and
      therefore chewing, breathing, phonation and swallowing functions. In postoperative, several
      physical and functional consequences are observed in patients: transient edema of the face,
      maxillo-mandibular blocking (causing difficulties to eat and occasional weight loss), pain
      and sensory disturbances (labial or/and chin paresthesias).

      Achieving sessions of manual lymphatic drainage by physiotherapist may allow faster decrease
      of postoperative edema, improved postoperative comfort and mental well-being.

      The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sessions of manual lymphatic
      drainage to reduce postoperative edema. Secondary objectives of the study are to assess
      impact of sessions of manual lymphatic drainage on patient comfort (pain, aesthetic
      discomfort, difficulty in breathing and discomfort in swallowing) and on ental well-being.

      Patients allocated to the intervention group will have 13 sessions of manual lymphatic
      drainage and those allocated in control group will not.

      Edema of patients will be measured at day 1, day 8, day 15 and day 22 after surgery by a
      different physiotherapist than physiotherapist achieving drainage sessions, blind to the
      randomization group of the patient. At the same time, comfort criteria will be assessed by a
      visual analogue scale and mental well-being with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28).
    

Intervention name(s): Manual Lymphatic drainage
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Manual lymphatic drainage of the face and the neck is a massage technique that aims to remove an edema of this anatomical region. The technique consists to stimulate the lymph nodes in order to accelerate the lymph flow and to achieve a specific massage to promote the entry of lymph nodes in the initial lymphatics. Massages follow anatomical pathways of vessels and of lymph nodes of the head and the neck. The technique should be smooth and painless.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care
Keywords: Maxillofacial Orthognathic Surgery; Manual lymphatic drainage