Integrated Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Type II Treatment and Care Among People Living With HIV/AIDS
Condition: Diabetes Mellitus; Hypertension; HIV Infections
MeSH terms: Hypertension; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      This project was a facility-based program intervention for People Living with HIV (PLHIV)
      aged 18 years and above who attended a Care and Treatment Center (CTC) in Dar es Salaam,
      Tanzania. Clients received preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services for Hypertension
      (HTN) and Type Two Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The primary health outcomes were all-cause
      mortality, disease-specific morbidity, HTN, and T2DM control rates. Secondary outcomes
      included access to care, retention in care adherence, and quality of care. Results obtained
      can be used to strengthen Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) care delivery in HIV/AIDS care in
      CTC in Tanzania.
    

Detailed description: 
      A cohort of patients who were diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes was created and
      followed up for 6 months. Patients were required to attend clinics on a monthly basis. At the
      first visit short interview using the STEPwise approach of the STEPS surveillance tool for
      NCDs from the World Health Organization (WHO) was conducted. On subsequent visits,
      hypertension and blood sugar levels and cholesterol levels will be measured and adherence to
      medication were assessed. The patient registry was developed following recommendations from
      the HEARTS (Healthy lifestyle, Evidence-based protocols, Access to essential medicines and
      technology, Risk-based Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) management, Team-based care Guidance
      Systems for monitoring)technical package of WHO with some modifications if needed. A simple
      surveillance system was developed for all patients diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes
      so that there is continuous evaluation and monitoring of all patients attending NCDs care at
      the HIV clinic.
    

Intervention name(s): Biochemical, weight measurements, Blood pressure and blood sugar level
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): At first visit short interview using the STEPwise approach of the STEPS surveillance tool for NCDs from the WHO will be conducted. On subsequent visits, hypertension and blood sugar level and cholesterol levels will be measured and adherence to medication will be assessed. The patient's registry will be developed following recommendation from the HEARTS technical package of World Health Organization (WHO) with some modification if needed.
Observational model: Other
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        The target population was PLHIV aged 18 years or above attending Temeke RRH in Temeke
        District in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We used convinient sampling to select PLHIV who
        attended CTC within the 5 days of data collection. Clients were randomly selected based on
        availability at the time of interview. The project excluded pregnant women living with
        HIV/AIDS and patients with mental diseases.