Physical Impairments Related to Myeloid and Lymphoid Malignancies
Condition: Stem Cell Transplantation
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Hematologic malignancies may arise from myeloid and lymphoid blood cells lineages affecting
      blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Accordingly, negative effects of malignancies on body
      systems vary. As known, muscle strength, exercise capacity, fatigue and quality of life
      deteriorate during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However,
      impacts of myeloid and lymphoid type disorders on pulmonary functions, muscle strength,
      exercise capacity, fatigue and quality of life in allogeneic-HSCT who diagnosed with
      hematologic malignancies. Therefore, current study aimed to comparatively investigate
      physical impairments between recipients with hematologic malignancies according to myeloid
      and lymphoid type disorder.
    

Detailed description: 
      Hematologic malignancies affecting blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes comprise neoplasm of
      either myeloid or lymphoid blood stem cells origin. While a lymphoid stem cell becomes a
      white blood cell, a myeloid stem cell becomes one of the red blood cells, white blood cells
      or platelets types. Due to the this reason, defects in myeloid stem cells result in acute and
      chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes or myeloproliferative diseases,
      whereas defects in lymphoid stem cells result in lymphomas, lymphocytic leukemias or myeloma.
      On the other hand, most of these hematologic malignancies are characterized with high rate of
      morbidity and mortality because of both the nature and various toxic treatments of neoplasm
      including chemotherapy with multiple agents, corticosteroids and hematopoietic stem cell
      transplantation (HSCT). Especially after allogeneic-HSCT, recipients experience more
      impairments in pulmonary functions, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, exercise
      capacity, perception of fatigue and quality of life scores which make their lives difficult
      in terms of actively trying to return to the their life. However, although it has been known
      that each hematologic disease has a different negative impact on varied body systems or
      organs after HSCT, little attention has been paid to the comparatively investigation of
      impacts of myeloid and lymphoid hematological malignancies on pulmonary functions, muscle
      strength, exercise capacity, fatigue and quality of life in allogeneic-HSCT recipients.
      Hence, current study aimed to comparatively investigate physical impairments between
      recipients with hematologic malignancies according to myeloid and lymphoid type disorder.

      Recipients undergone allogeneic-HSCT (˃100 days post-HSCT status) were included. Hematologic
      malignancies were grouped as myeloid and lymphoid. Pulmonary functions (spirometry),
      peripheral (dynamometer) and respiratory muscle strength (MIP-MEP) (mouth pressure device),
      exercise capacity (Modified Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT)), and quality of life
      (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire)
      were evaluated.
    

Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Retrospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        All patients in Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit of University were referred for
        participation in rehabilitation program as outpatient to Faculty of Health Science of
        University, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation
        unit. Patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancy were recipients who undergone
        allogeneic-HSCT. Recipients who had myeloid type disorders were included in myeloid group
        as well as recipients who had lymphoid type disorders were included in lymphoid group. A
        physiotherapist conducted all measurements in the same day for all recipients individually.
      
Keywords: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; respiratory function test; respiratory muscles; muscle strength; exercise; walk test; quality of life