The Effect of Aquatic Rehabilitation on Knee Function in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Patients.
Condition: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; Hydrotherapy; Gait; Muscle Function
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the applicability and effectiveness of an
      aquatic rehabilitation training program with a conventional land-based rehabilitation program
      in terms of lower extremity biomechanics and knee function in Anterior Cruciate Ligament
      Reconstruction (ACLR) patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:

        -  Does aquatic rehabilitation accelerate the recovery of gait symmetry and muscle function
           in patients after ACLR？

        -  Previous studies have not uncovered the training characteristics of aquatic
           rehabilitation, which allow for training movements that cannot be performed on land, and
           it is unknown whether these different training movement characteristics are more
           effective for patients with ACLR.

      Participants were randomly divided into an aquatic rehabilitation group (AR) and a land-based
      rehabilitation group (LR), and each group performed 70-90 minutes of training per session for
      a total of 6 sessions. This included warm-up activities, mobility training, strength
      training, functional exercises, and finishing activities. Each training session was conducted
      1-2 days apart, 2-3 sessions per week, and the training was completed within 2-3 weeks.
    

Detailed description: 
      Twenty subjects were finally included through the screening criteria. The names of all
      subjects were entered into Microsoft Excel 2016 and the RAND function was used to generate a
      random number between 0 and 1 for each subject, each random number being different. Subjects
      with an odd number of random numbers were assigned to the aquatic rehabilitation group and
      those with an even number of random numbers were assigned to the terrestrial rehabilitation
      group. The final two intervention groups of 10 participants, including 7 males and 3 females,
      were assigned and baseline testing was performed. Different phases of the training program
      were developed and adjusted according to the subjects' postoperative time. Testing was
      repeated after completion of the intervention, and International Knee Documentation Committee
      (IKDC) 2000 follow-up was performed at one year.

      The technical route of this study was to collect basic information about the study subjects,
      including age, height, weight, injury history, surgery, and current recovery, and to test the
      muscle function, degree of knee swelling, thigh circumference, knee flexion mobility,
      closed-eye balance ability and gait of the study subjects, who filled in the IKDC2000 score.
      Each intervention group was then trained separately for 70-90 minutes each time for a total
      of 6 sessions, and post-intervention testing was performed with the same testing procedure as
      the pre-intervention testing. The IKDC score was used again for follow-up one year after the
      end of the intervention, and the relevant indexes were collected for collation and then
      compared and analyzed to discuss the effect of each intervention method on patients in the
      early postoperative period after ACLR.

      Basic information and experimental data entry and organization were performed using Microsoft
      Excel 2016, and the results of all indicators measured before and after the experiment were
      analyzed and calculated in International Business Machines (IBM) SPSS Statistics 26.0. The
      data were tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk Test (Shapiro-Wilk Test). For the
      series conforming to the normal distribution, expressed as mean (Mean) and standard deviation
      (SD), the independent samples t-test was used to compare whether there was a statistically
      significant difference in baseline values between the 2 intervention groups, the paired
      samples t-test was used to observe whether there was a statistically significant difference
      between each intervention method before and after the intervention, and the independent
      samples t-test was used to compare the post-intervention Whether there was a statistically
      significant difference in efficacy between the 2 intervention groups; the series that did not
      conform to the normal distribution were expressed as median and quartile (Q), and the
      Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the baseline values of different training groups, and
      the Wilcoxon signed rank test in the non-parametric method was used to observe whether there
      was a statistically The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the efficacy of the different
      training groups after the intervention. Significant differences were set at P < 0.05 and very
      significant differences at P < 0.01.
    

Intervention name(s): Aquatic Rehabilitation; Land-based Rehabilitation
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Reviewing the existing literature studies and related books, and combining the post-operative rehabilitation process of ACLR with the opinions of experts from the China Aquatic Rehabilitation Association, the Aquatic rehabilitation program of this study was designed.; Peking University Third Hospital Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Postoperative Rehabilitation Guidelines.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment