Pilot Investigation of Behavioral Alternatives to Indoor Tanning
Condition: Skin Cancer
MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The goal of this research is to develop and test the feasibility of an intervention that
      stimulates uptake of healthy alternatives to tanning by providing free access to them for a
      limited time. Free access gives participants a low-risk opportunity to try something new that
      is consistent with their motivations. Free access also allows them to experience the
      reinforcing properties of the alternatives which could prime continued use after the free
      trial period. The objective of the present study is to determine the feasibility and
      short-term efficacy of providing free alternatives to indoor tanners in an effort to "nudge"
      them to switch from indoor tanning to healthy alternatives.
    

Detailed description: 
      Melanoma is the second most common cancer diagnosed in young women and is responsible for
      nearly 8,000 US deaths per year. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) increases risk for
      melanoma. The International Agency for Research on Cancer assigned indoor tanning (IT; use of
      tanning beds or booths), as a class 1 carcinogen joining arsenic, asbestos, and mustard gas.
      Unfortunately, interventions educating tanners about the risks have not been very effective.
      Many tanners are more motivated by the immediate consequences of tanning than the delayed
      consequence of possibly getting cancer. Research shows the primary motivation for indoor
      tanning is to improve physical appearance, but a secondary motivation is stress reduction.
      Behavioral economics theory suggests that the rate of a behavior depends on 1) the
      reinforcing value of that behavior relative to alternatives, 2) the cost of engaging in the
      behavior relative to alternatives, and 3) the availability of the behavior relative to
      alternatives. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether exposure to healthy
      alternatives changes the behavior of indoor tanners. The investigators will randomize tanners
      to conditions differing in physical appearance and stress reduction alternatives to determine
      whether they can get their motivational needs met in healthier ways.
    

Intervention name(s): Airbrush; Airbrush Plus; Delayed Airbrush
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): The American Academy of Dermatology Sun Smart pamphlet will be given at the baseline session. It has brief tips for reducing skin cancer risk, but does not mention sunless tanning or relaxation activities. Participants in the airbrush condition will receive 4 airbrush tan sessions, once every two weeks, over the course of 2 months.; The American Academy of Dermatology Sun Smart pamphlet will be given at the baseline session. It has brief tips for reducing skin cancer risk, but does not mention sunless tanning or relaxation activities. Participants will complete 4 airbrush tan sessions, once every two weeks, over the course of 2 months. Additionally, they may choose 8 sessions, 1 per week, of the following activities at no cost: massage, pedicure, yoga class, or dance class.; The American Academy of Dermatology Sun Smart pamphlet will be given at the baseline session. It has brief tips for reducing skin cancer risk, but does not mention sunless tanning or relaxation activities. Participants will receive access to one of each of the following after the 6-month assessment at no cost: airbrush tan, massage, pedicure, yoga class, and dance class
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention