Investigating Barriers for Decision Making in a Danish Breast Cancer Screening Context
Condition: Breast Cancer Female; Mammography Screening; Decision Making; Information Seeking Behavior
MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aim is to investigate potential barriers to informed decision making in a breast cancer
      screening context. This is a necessary step prior to developing and investigating improved
      information or decision aids in a Danish breast cancer screening context.
    

Detailed description: 
      In this study, preferences and attitudes towards breast cancer screening, invitation, and
      decision making among Danish women will be investigated. The aim is to gain knowledge about
      barriers for (informed) decision making in a Danish breast cancer screening context. The
      study will be conducted by sending out an online questionnaire to women aged 44-49 in
      Denmark. The questionnaire will be sent out using the official digital mail system, e-Boks,
      with an invitation, link, and login information to access the online questionnaire. The
      questionnaire will consist of background questions about the participants, questions related
      to the current information material and invitation to the Danish breast cancer screening
      program, and questions about decision making and informed choice. Women will be randomized to
      one of three questionnaires: 1) Questionnaire with "Stage of Decision Making" to investigate
      women's decision making process regarding participation in screening, 2) Questionnaire with
      choice framing (presentation of a choice between participation in breast cancer screening or
      no screening), or 3) Questionnaire with opportunity framing (only presentation of screening,
      no alternative) to investigate decision making process and impact of different framing. The
      main hypothesis for this study is that 80% of Danish women have already made their decision
      about screening participation when presented to the opportunity framing and 70% when
      presented to the choice framing.

      1000 women will be invited to each group in this study and thus 3000 in total, as this is the
      minimum number satisfying the requirements for both the main hypothesis and secondary aims
      (not described in detail here). No similar studies were found, therefore, this sample size
      calculation is based on proportions of 50% to have enough power in our study. With a desired
      standard error no larger than 2.5%, 400 women are required (SE of a binomial random
      variable). Assuming 40% participation, a study population of 1000 women in each group is
      required.

      Next, questionnaire data will be linked to register data on sociodemographic factors from
      Statistics Denmark.

      The study is registered at Aarhus University's internal records: 2016-051-000001, 2563.
    

Intervention name(s): Stage of Decision Making; Choice framing; Opportunity Framing
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Investigating preferences and attitudes towards breast cancer screening information, invitation, and decision making as well as barriers for breast cancer decision making. This will be done by using different framing of information (choice framing vs. opportunity framing), question about stage of decision making, and general questions about screening information and invitation.; Investigating preferences and attitudes towards breast cancer screening information, invitation, and decision making as well as barriers for breast cancer decision making. This will be done by using different framing of information (choice framing vs. opportunity framing), question about stage of decision making, and general questions about screening information and invitation.; Investigating preferences and attitudes towards breast cancer screening information, invitation, and decision making as well as barriers for breast cancer decision making. This will be done by using different framing of information (choice framing vs. opportunity framing), question about stage of decision making, and general questions about screening information and invitation.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Self administered questionnaire
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Health Services Research