Response of Sex Hormones and Different Functions to Exercise and Diet in Elderly Women
Condition: Cognitive Decline; Postmenopausal Disorder
MeSH terms: Cognitive Dysfunction
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      It is an interventional study in which 60 women estimated to enroll according to random
      allocation and divided into two groups. The study group will receive aerobic exercise in
      addition to diet restriction while the control group will receive diet recommendations. the
      aerobic exercise in form of treadmill training intensity of exercise moderate intensity,
      target heart rate (THR) will be 50-60% of heart maximum (HR MAX), time of session 40 min
      initial 10 min warm up exercise on treadmill in low intensity and active phase 20- 30 min
      intensity will increase until patient reach to THR then intensity decrease until session will
      be ended by cooling down phase for 10 min . The volunteers will perform exercise 3 times per
      week for 12 weeks .different functions and markers will be measured and sex hormones
      (estradiol ,testosterone. sex hormone binding globin ) pre and post
    

Detailed description: 
      PURPOSE:

      to determine the effect of aerobic exercise and diet on sex hormones and different functions
      and markers, and if is there correlation between two factors effect in postmenopausal elderly
      women

      BACKGROUND:

      Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, accounting for more
      than 50% of all dementia types. Its twice more common in females which could be due to
      increased longevity and sex difference in brain size .Estrogen has neurotrophic action in
      areas involved in memory and cognition. Post-menopausal women are at increased risk than
      their male counterpart. Women with Alzheimer have lower endogenous estrogen level which lead
      to the hypothesis that estrogen could be neuroprotective. Estrogen and androgen receptors are
      widely distributed throughout the brain e.g. in the cerebral cortex, amygdala, hypo-thalamus
      and also in the hippocampus which is important for cognitive functioning. There are shown
      clear associations between sex hormones and activities in memory, emotional and rewarding
      circuits in the brain measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging, several
      significant correlations were found between serum hormone levels and spatial ability. High
      absolute estrogen levels, a high estrogen/testosterone ratio and increasing levels during
      estrogen treatment were all associated with lower spatial ability. This is in agreement with
      many previous reports of sex differences where women in general tend to perform worse than
      men in this specific aspect of cognitive function. In menstruating women, a deterioration of
      spatial ability was demonstrated during high levels of circulating estrogen, and it was
      improved during the menstrual phase of the cycle when hormone levels are lowest.

      HYPOTHESES:

      There is no correlation between sex hormones and different functions and markers in response
      to aerobic exercise and diet in elderly postmenopausal women

      RESEARCH QUESTION:

      Is there correlation between sex hormones and different functions and markers in elderly
      postmenopausal women in response to aerobic exercise and dietary restriction?
    

Intervention name(s): aerobic exercise and MIND diet program; MIND diet program
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): the aerobic exercise in form of treadmill training intensity of exercise moderate intensity, target heart rate (THR) will be60-70% of heart maximum (HR MAX), time of session 60 min initial 10 min warm up exercise on treadmill in low intensity and target phase 40 min intensity will increase until patient reach to THR then intensity decrease until session will be ended by cooling down phase for 10 min . The volunteers will perform exercise 3 times per week for 12 weeks; control group will receive diet program for 12 weeks
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care