The Effect of Low Flow Anesthesia on Postoperative Emergence Agitation in Rhinoplasty
Condition: Emergence Agitation; Anesthetics; Rhinoplasty
MeSH terms: Psychomotor Agitation; Emergence Delirium
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Emergence agitation, defined as restlessness, disorientation, arousal, and/or inconsolable
      crying, is a common phenomenon seen in the early phase of recovery from general anesthesia;
      this may cause respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, as well as an increase in blood
      pressure, heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption. Although its pathogenesis remains
      unclear, ENT (ear, nose and throat) surgical procedures have been reported to have a higher
      incidence of agitation in both adults and children. In recent years, low-flow inhalation
      anesthesia has been widely used in adult anesthesia practice. The aim of this study is to
      compare the effects of low flow anesthesia and normal flow anesthesia on emergence agitation.
    

Detailed description: 
      Emergence agitation, defined as restlessness, disorientation, arousal, and/or inconsolable
      crying, is a common phenomenon seen in the early phase of recovery from general anesthesia;
      this may cause respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, as well as an increase in blood
      pressure, heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption. Hypoxia can lead to serious
      complications such as aspiration pneumonia, bleeding or reoperation. Although its
      pathogenesis remains unclear, ENT (ear, nose and throat) surgical procedures have been
      reported to have a higher incidence of agitation in both adults and children.

      In recent years, low-flow inhalation anesthesia has been widely used in adult anesthesia
      practice. Low flow anesthesia has many advantages; the consumption of inhalation agents is
      reduced, the temperature and humidity of the airways are maintained, the cost of anesthesia
      and pollution caused by atmospheric waste gases are reduced. In addition, because the
      temperature and humidity of the tracheobronchial tree are preserved, respiratory functions
      and mucociliary activities are better preserved. In low-flow anesthesia, the concentration of
      inhaled anesthetics changes very slowly, and their concentration gradually decreases after
      the administration is terminated. Since the anesthetic concentration will slowly decrease in
      the low-flow group during termination of anesthesia, the concentration difference between the
      brain and lungs will be small. In addition, it is known that a longer period between
      discontinuation of the administration of anesthetic agents and extubation reduces emergence
      agitation. This seems possible with the low-flow anesthesia technique.

      The aim of this study is to compare the effects of low flow anesthesia and normal flow
      anesthesia on emergence agitation.
    

Intervention name(s): : Conventional flow Anesthesia; Low Flow Anesthesia
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): During the initial wash-in period 2 L/min Fresh gas flow will be used.; Fresh gas flow rate will be 0.5 L/min throughout the procedure.
Intervention MeSH terms: Anesthetics
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Screening
Keywords: Emergence Agitation; Anesthetics