Effect of Coffee Consumption on Appetite Traits in Overweight and Obesity
Condition: Obesity
MeSH terms: Obesity; Overweight
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The effect of coffee consumption on appetite is not clear, there are studies that show an
      effect on the regulation of energy intake, reducing hunger and/or increasing satiety. The
      purpose of this trial is to evaluate the effect of 6 mg/caffeine/kg of body weight on hunger,
      satiety, dietary intake, biochemical variables and ghrelin and cholecystokinin concentration
      in overweight and obese women.
    

Detailed description: 
      Randomized crossover clinical trial to be realized in women between 20 and 40 years of age
      with overweight or obesity and apparently healthy who reside in the city of Guadalajara,
      Jalisco.

      Their participation involves their attendance to 3 interventions, in the first one it is
      verified whether or not they meet the inclusion criteria, a clinical history is applied to
      take information on pathological history, clinical data, nutritional aspects,
      sociodemographic and lifestyle aspects and anthropometric measurements; then they are
      randomly assigned to the two types of interventions in the next two subsequent ones.

      In the second and third interventions (with an interval of 7 days between them), participants
      will attend in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle during the experiments to avoid
      variability in appetite.

      They will arrive at the institute at 8 am after an overnight fast, consume a standard 400
      kcal breakfast with a distribution of 55% carbohydrates, 30% lipids and 15% protein. along
      with 240 ml of coffee with 6 mg/caffeine/kg body weight or the same breakfast, but with 240
      ml of water.

      On an empty stomach and every 30 min during the 3 h following the consumption of breakfast
      with the beverage, the participants recorded their level of hunger, fullness, satiety, desire
      to eat and prospective consumption, desire to eat specific foods: sweet, salty, fatty, tasty,
      and sed through visual analog scales (VAS).

      On an empty stomach, 30 minutes after consuming breakfast with the beverage and after 180
      min, a blood sample will be taken from which serum will be obtained for glucose, total
      cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, ghrelin and
      cholecystokinin determinations.

      In the first intervention, participants will be instructed to fill out a 24-hour reminder
      form to assess dietary intake, and will be asked to record all food and beverages consumed
      for 3 days prior to the two interventions. Participants will also be instructed to fill out a
      24-hour post-breakfast reminder with or without coffee.
    

Intervention name(s): breakfast with coffee; breakfast with water
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): breakfast with coffee with 6 mg/caffeine/kg body weight; breakfast with 250 mL of water
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Intervention model description: Crossover randomized clinical trial. Premenopausal women with overweight or with obesity will be included. The participants attend 3 sessions: in the first, a clinical history is applied, and anthropometric measurements are taken; in the second and third sessions they consume a standard breakfast (519 kcal) together with 240 ml of coffee with 6 mg/caffeine/kg of weight or the same breakfast but accompanied by 240 ml of water. The sequence of the type of intervention is randomly assign with a period of 1 week wash. Fasting and every 30 minutes during the 3 hours following breakfast consumption, sensations of appetite are recorded using visual analog scales. Fasting, 30 and 180 min after breakfast consumption, ghrelin and cholecystokinin levels are measured. Dietary intake is recorded on the day before the two interventions and on the day of intervention, after breakfast consumption.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Keywords: coffee; hunger; ghrelin; cholecystokinin