Intraoperative Intravenous Lidocaine
Condition: Pain Intensity
MeSH terms: Pain
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of intraoperative intravenous
      lidocaine on postoperative pain after hysterectomy.
    

Detailed description: 
      Study design A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted according to ethical
      guidelines for research involving humans. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of
      the institution and all patients signed a free informed consent form. The patients were
      randomly allocated to two groups consisting of the same number of subjects by drawing lots.

      One physician prepared the solutions and handed them over to the anesthetist who was unaware
      of the content of the solutions. The volume of the solutions was the same. The researcher was
      unaware to which group the patient belonged until the end of the study.

      Exclusion criteria Excluded from the study were patients with cardiac arrhythmia;
      myocardiopathy; altered cardiac conduction; psychiatric, hepatic or respiratory disease; and
      patients receiving any type of analgesic during the week before surgery.

      Patients Forty women (ASA 1 or 2) aged 18 to 60 years undergoing hysterectomy were studied.

      Treatment Patients of group 1 (n = 20) received lidocaine (2 mg/kg/h) and patients of group 2
      (n = 20) received 0.9% saline infusion throughout the surgical procedure.

      Anesthesia Oral midazolam (15 mg) was administered one hour before anesthesia as
      pre-anesthetic medication. Anesthesia was induced with 5 µg/kg fentanyl and 2 mg/kg propofol.
      Neuromuscular block was maintained with atracurium. Anesthesia was maintained with
      O2/isoflurane.

      Patient assessment The supplemental morphine doses necessary during the first 24 h and the
      time to first analgesic request were recorded. Pain intensity was evaluated at rest on a
      numerical scale ranging from 0 to 10 (0 = no pain and 10 = most intense pain possible) at the
      following times: T0 (immediately after arousal), and 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after arousal. Side
      effects were recorded.

      Statistical analysis The results were analyzed statistically with the Instat Graph program
      using parametric and nonparametric tests, depending on the nature of the variables studied.
      Measures of central tendency (means) and dispersion (standard deviation) were used. The level
      of significance was set at < 0.05. The following tests were used: Mann-Whitney test for age,
      body mass index, duration of anesthesia and surgery, time to first analgesic supplementation,
      total amount of morphine, pain intensity, and isoflurane consumed; Student t-test for weight
      and height; and Friedman test for pain intensity.
    

Intervention name(s): Lidocaine
Intervention type(s): Drug
Intervention description(s): Lidocaine 2 mg/kg/h- during surgical procedure Saline
Other intervention name(s): Intravenous lidocaine
Intervention MeSH terms: Lidocaine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Intravenous lidocaine; postoperative analgesia