Effects of Lumbar Strengthening Training Plus Photobiomodulation on Non-specific Low-back Pain.
Condition: Strengthening Training; Photobiomodulation; Low Back Pain; Quality of Life; Kinesiophobia
MeSH terms: Back Pain; Low Back Pain; Kinesiophobia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The present project aims to investigate the effects of lumbar strengthening training combined
      with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on functional and psychological aspects in young and
      older adults with chronic non-specific low back pain. We hypothesized that lumbar
      strengthening training combined with PBMT should promote greater improvement on functional
      and psychological variables compared to strengthening training alone (placebo PBMT).
    

Detailed description: 
      The purpose of this study will be to investigate the effects of lumbar strengthening training
      combined with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) therapy by light-emitting diode (LED) on
      functional and psychological aspects in young and older adults with chronic non-specific low
      back pain. Initially, all participants will be submitted for a 2-wk familiarization period
      with physical tests, and then randomized into two groups (N = 16/group): lumbar strengthening
      training combined with LED PBMT (TR+LED) and lumbar strengthening training combined with
      placebo PBMT (TR+PLA). Both groups will be submitted to a supervised 8-wk training program (3
      x/week) involving a specific lumbar extension exercise on the Roman bench and four
      complementary exercises to improve core strength and spine stabilization. The groups will
      receive their respective PBMT (LED or placebo) 30 minutes before each training session,
      through a device containing 264 LEDs (132 LEDs of 660 nm and 132 LEDs of 850 nm), which will
      be placed on the lumbar region (between L1 and L5) with the participants lying in the prone
      position. The placebo LED will be applied with the device turned off. Participans will be
      blinded to PBM treatments. The following variables will be assessed at pre and post-training:
      anthropometric, body composition by bioimpedance, level of physical activity by International
      Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for
      lumbar extension exercise, short physical performance battery (SPPB), postural balance on a
      force platform, Schober test for lumbar spine flexion, Tampa Scale of kinesiophobia (TSK),
      Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), quality of
      life by WHOQOL, oswestry disability index (ODI), Roland Morris disability questionnaire
      (RMDQ), McGILL pain questionnaire, and visual analogue scale (VAS). Shapiro-Wilk and Levene
      tests will be used to test the normality and homogeneity of the measurements, respectively.
      Two-way ANOVA (group x time) tests for repeated measures will be performed to assess changes
      over time and between groups for all dependent variables. Violation of sphericity will adjust
      using Greenhouse-Geisser correction. The Bonferroni post-hoc test will detect specific
      differences between groups. When appropriate, the percentage of change (∆%) will be reported
      according to the following equation: ∆% = [(pre-average post average) / pre-average mean] ×
      100. Values will be express as mean ± standard deviation. O significance level α will be
      0.05.
    

Intervention name(s): strengthening training and LED PBMT; strengthening training and placebo PBMT
Intervention type(s): Radiation; Radiation
Intervention description(s): Participants will be submitted to a supervised 8-wk training program (3 d/week) involving a specific lumbar extension exercise on the Roman bench and four complementary exercises to improve core strength and spine stabilization. Participants will receive LED PBMT 30 minutes before each training session, through a device containing 264 LEDs, which will be placed on the lumbar region (between L1 and L5).; Participants will be submitted to a supervised 8-wk training program (3 d/week) involving a specific lumbar extension exercise on the Roman bench and four complementary exercises to improve core strength and spine stabilization. Participants will receive placebo PBMT 30 minutes before each training session, through a off-line device (turned off) containing 264 LEDs, which will be placed on the lumbar region (between L1 and L5).
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Strengthening training; Photobiomodulation; Low back pain; Quality of life; kinesiophobia