The Impact of the Distribution of Adipose Tissue on the Occurrence of Metabolic Disorders and the Level of Cardiopulmonary Fitness
Condition: Obesity, Abdominal
MeSH terms: Metabolic Diseases; Obesity, Abdominal
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The aim of the research was to assess the impact of the distribution of abdominal fat
      (subcutaneous SAT and visceral VAT estimated at the height of the navel) on selected
      metabolic parameters and on specific parameters of cardiopulmonary fitness in terms of people
      with obesity.
    

Detailed description: 
      The research was carried out in 3 stages. Stage 1 was carried out at the Department of
      Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition of the UMB. During the visit, the subjects were provided
      with detailed information concerning the research and every participant signed a voluntary
      consent to participate in the research. Furthermore, an interview questionnaire concerning
      the duration of obesity and past diseases was collected, and an assessment of the status of
      nutrition based on anthropometric measurements was carried out, and a body composition
      analysis was performed using the bioelectroimpedance method using the Maltron BioScan 920-2
      analyzer. Then, patients were issued a referral for laboratory examinations. Stage 2 was
      carried out at the Medical Laboratory at the University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, where
      blood was taken from the ulnar vein (in the amount of 15ml). The concentrations of the
      following parameters were determined from the blood serum: fasting glucose, fasting insulin,
      total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol fraction, HDL cholesterol fraction, triglycerides,
      C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid, creatinine, and aminotrasferases: alanine (ALT) and
      aspartate (AST). On the basis of fasting glucose and fasting insulin, the HOMA - IR insulin
      resistance index was calculated. Stage 3 was carried out at the Maniac Gym Fitness Club in
      Bialystok, where cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed using the Modified Bruce protocol.
    

Intervention name(s): body composition analysis; anthropometric measurements; Interview questionnaire; biochemical parameters; cardiopulmonary fitness test; nutritional interview
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test; Other; Other; Diagnostic Test; Diagnostic Test; Other
Intervention description(s): A body composition analysis was performed using the bioelectroimpedance method using the Maltron BioScan 920-2 analyzer; An assessment of the status of nutrition based on anthropometric measurements was carried out.; An interview questionnaire concerning the duration of obesity and past diseases was collected. Moreover, the diet and nutritional status were assessed.; The concentrations of the following parameters were determined from the blood serum: fasting glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol fraction, HDL cholesterol fraction, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid, creatinine, and aminotrasferases: alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST). On the basis of fasting glucose and fasting insulin, the HOMA - IR insulin resistance index was calculated.; Cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed using the Modified Bruce protocol; A 7-day nutrition interview was collected. The supply of energy, protein (including amino acids), fat (including fatty acids), carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals in the usual diet was assessed.
Observational model: Case-Crossover
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        The research included 91 obese people (59 women and 32 men) who met the criteria for being
        included in the study and who did not possess exclusion criteria.
      
Keywords: Adipose tissue; obesity; metabolic disorders