The Polish Version of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale: Cultural Adaptation and Validation
Condition: Infant Development
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The aim of the study was to derive a Polish version of the AIMS through its cultural
      adaptation and validation. This process was based on an analysis of intra- and interrater
      reliability, as well as concurrent validity, using PDMS-2.
    

Detailed description: 
      The monitoring infant motor development allows for detecting delays and disturbances,
      enabling, if necessary, early therapeutic interventions to prevent further structural and
      functional disorders. However, the developmental assessment should be performed using
      standardised tools, which need to undergo cultural adaptation adapted and validation. This
      process is necessary to ensure their reliability in countries, cultures, populations, and
      languages different than initially intended.

      The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) is a diagnostic tool for the developmental evaluation
      of infants from the time of birth, to the period of independent walking (0-18 months), based
      on the observation of spontaneous motor performance [9,10]. It is based on several
      assumptions of the neuromaturational model and the concepts of the dynamic systems
      development theory. The AIMS was created in the early 1990s by Piper and Darrah, validated
      and standardised on the Canadian population [9,10]. Moreover, a 2014 re-evaluation of the
      scale noted that the normative values in this population remained stable.

      The intended uses of the AIMS comprise: 1) identification of infants with motor delay, 2)
      providing medical professionals and parents information on motor achievements of the infant
      (both currently developing activities and those not observed in the infant's repertoire), 3)
      measurement of motor performance over time, or before and after an intervention, 4) as a
      research tool for the estimation of rehabilitation program efficacy in infants with motor
      delays .

      The scale has been used (as an outcome measure) in numerous studies in healthy infants and
      those affected by or at risk of developmental disorders.

      So far, research on the reliability and validity of the AIMS has been performed in Japanese,
      Chinese, Brazilian, Spanish, Thai, Greek, Dutch, Flemish and Serbian sample groups. However,
      there has not yet been a study conducted in any Middle European population.

      The aim of the study was to derive a Polish version of the AIMS through its cultural
      adaptation and validation. This process was based on an analysis of the intra- and interrater
      reliability, as well as concurrent validity, using PDMS-2.
    

Intervention name(s): The motor assessment to establish validation of the Polish version of the AIMS
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): The translation, cultural adaptation, and validation were conducted according to existing recommendations. The motor development of infants was assessed with the Polish scoresheet of the AlMS and the PDMS v.2. The examination was conducted by two peadiatric physiotherapists with a minimum 7 years of experience.The examination methodology was concordant with the recommendation of the authors of AIMS and PDMS-2.The intrarater reliability test included two assessments (with one-month interval) performed by one researcher (Rater A). For the second assessment, the videos of spontaneous motor performance of infants were recorded during the examination. The interrater reliability involved assessments by two researchers (Rater A, Rater B). The Gross Motor Scales of the PDMS v.2 was administered to estimate concurrent validity (participants at the age of 0-12 months).
Observational model: Other
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        The study included 145 healthy infants aged 0-18 months, divided into four age groups: 0-3
        months, 4-7 months, 8-11 months, and older than 12 months
      
Keywords: Infant Development