Evaluation of Double Faced Transverse Preputial Onlay Island Flap for Hypospadias Repair in Pediatrics
Condition: Hypospadias
MeSH terms: Hypospadias
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Evaluation of double faced transverse preputial onlay island flap for hypospadias repair in
      pediatrics. The preputial onlay island flap technique has been popularized for hypospadias
      repair as a result of offering a consistent combination of excellent cosmetic results and
      acceptable complication rates. Like other techniques, urethrocutaneous fistulae continue to
      be the most common complications, in addition to other complications, and can be attributed
      to the affection of flaps vascularity. Some authors describe a technique that resolves some
      of these problems by combining the unique benefits of the double-faced preputial flaps.

      This study aimed to evaluate double faced preputial onlay island flap technique for
      complication rate, outcomes for urinary stream, and cosmetic results.
    

Detailed description: 
      Type of study: prospective RCT

      Review of literature:

        -  Different previous techniques for the repair of various levels of penile shaft
           hypospadias with chordee.

        -  Demonstration of two different well-established techniques for repair of anterior,
           mid-penile, and posterior penile hypospadias without or with mild curvature.

        -  Disadvantages of two-stage urethroplasty or technique as transverse inner preputial
           onlay island flap that involves dissection of the flap from its dorsal preputial tissue
           (as it affects the flap vascularity).

        -  Merits of single-stage urethroplasty double-faced preputial onlay island flap (as it
           combines the benefits of vascularized pedicled flap, provides better functional and
           cosmetic results, and low complication rate).

      This study will be conducted at pediatric surgery department at Al-Houssain and Sayed Galal
      University Medical Centers, in the period from May 2019 to February 2021, on 68 male patients
      with anterior, mid-penile, and posterior penile hypospadias without or with mild curvature.

      Patients will be investigated by routine laboratory tests for fitness for surgery. All of
      them will undergo one-stage repair using either of 2 techniques of urethroplasty;
      double-faced preputial onlay island flap versus transverse inner preputial onlay island flap.

      Written informed consent will be signed by the parents of all participants in the study.

      Institutes of the study: A multicenter study at pediatric surgery departments, Al-Azhar
      University Medical Centers in Cairo, Egypt.

      Number of cases: Sixty-eight male patients. Time frame: 3 years.

      Ethical Consideration:

      The protocol will be discussed and approved by the Ethics and Institutional Review Board
      Committee at the investigators' hospitals. The procedures and the aim of the study will be
      clearly explained to the patient and the family. Written informed consent will be obtained
      before enrollment of the patients into the study. The family's refusal to give consent for
      one-stage repair is respected but does not deprive the patient of getting surgical care by
      two-stage repair.

      Preoperative preparation:

      All patients will be subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and necessary
      laboratory investigations (CBC, Coagulation profile, Urinalysis). Participants will receive a
      dose of single broad-spectrum antibiotic 30 min-1 hour before surgery.

      Patients will be randomly divided (using non-transparent closed envelope randomization
      method) into two equal groups, each will include 34 patients; Group A will undergo double
      faced preputial onlay island flap and Group B will undergo transverse inner preputial onlay
      island flap. All operations were done by the same surgical team.

      Follow-up: patients will be followed-up at OPD at 1, 3, 12, and 24 months, for incidence of
      any complications. HOSE score questionnaire will be used for the evaluation of outcomes.

      Statistical Analysis:

      Data will be presented as mean, standard deviation, number & percentage. For qualitative
      data, Chi-square test (X2) is used to compare between the two groups and independent-samples
      t-test of significance is used when comparing between two means. The significance level is
      set at P <0.05. Statistical analysis will be performed using statistical package for social
      sciences (SPSS) version 23.0, IBM Corp, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY, USA.

      Discussion:

      It will focus on one-stage repair for anterior, mid-penile, and posterior penile hypospadias
      without or with mild penile curvature using double-faced preputial onlay island flap in
      comparison to inner preputial onlay island flap.

      The results obtained from this study will be compared between both groups and with those
      reported in the literature.

      Also, it will focus on results, complications, their management, and clinical evaluation by
      Hypospadias Objective Scoring Evaluation (HOSE) questionnaire evaluation tool. Finally, the
      investigators will conclude the reconstructive technique that gives the better results and
      least morbidity.
    

Intervention name(s): Double faced transverse preputial onlay island flap; Transverse inner preputial onlay island flap
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Intervention description(s): A well-established one-stage repair of penile hypospadias called Double faced transverse preputial onlay island flap; A second well-established one-stage repair of penile hypospadias called Transverse inner preputial onlay island flap
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: 68 pediatric patients will be randomly divided (using non-transparent closed envelope randomization method) into two equal groups, each will include 34 patients; Group A will undergo double-faced preputial onlay island flap and Group B will undergo transverse inner preputial onlay island flap.
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Double face;; Onlay island flap;; Inner preputial flap;; Hypospadias in pediatrics