Associations Between General Movements Assessments and Cognitive Development
Condition: Cerebral Palsy; Infant Development; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cognitive Developmental Delay; Cognitive Impairment, Mild; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infant Asphyxia; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
MeSH terms: Cerebral Palsy; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Birth Weight; Asphyxia; Cognitive Dysfunction
Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Summary: 
      High risk infant is defined as infant with a negative history of environmental and biological
      factors, which can lead to neuromotor development problems. It is a heterogeneous group of
      premature infants born under thirty-seven weeks of age, with infants with low birth weight,
      term or developmental retardation for various reasons. Therefore, preterm infants with low
      birth weight can survive with a neurological sequelae such as cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy,
      hearing and vision loss, mental retardation, speech and speech problems, and learning
      difficulties. The clinical diagnosis of CP and learning diffuculties which can be observed in
      high-risk infants, is based on the combination of some neurological and clinical signs.
    

Detailed description: 
      High-risk of infant follow-up programs provide guidance for the treatment of
      neurodevelopmental delays and deterioration in terms of early development. Three methods with
      the best predictable validity that can determine CP before the adjusted age of 5-month is
      Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Prechtl's Assessment of General Movements (GMs),
      Hammersmith Infant Neurological Evaluation. In recent years, the diagnosis of high-risk of CP
      can be detected at 3 months with predictive validity and reliability by evaluating the
      quality of GMs. GMs are now considered the gold standard for early detection of CP because of
      its high sensitivity and specificity than MRI, cranial US and neurological evaluations. It
      was also found that cognitive or language skills may be inadequate in school age in patients
      with inadequate movement character and in the same postural patterns according to age,
      although GMs are normal. So new clinical care guidelines and new intervention research for
      infants with CP and learning diffuculties under the age of 1, needs to be been shown. There a
      few studies about early detection of learning diffuculties like autism spectrum disorders
      between GMs and cognitive development tests. So this study aimed to reveal the association
      between GMs and cogtinive development with a cohort of high risk of infants with one year
      floow up.
    

Intervention name(s): measurements
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): All of the infants with high risk of cerebral palsy will be assessed from birth to 12 months age with the assessments of Prechtl's General movements (GMs) until 20 weeks of age. Also BAYLEY-III Infant and Toddler Development Assessment Scale (BAYLEY-III) will be performed at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th months for the cognitive development.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Probability Sample
Study population: 
        high risk of infanst for cerebral palsy
      
Keywords: General Movements(GMs); Cognitive Development; BAYLEY-III Infant and Toddler Development Assessment; High Risk of Infants