Cytokine Status of Covid-19 Patients
Condition: Covid19
MeSH terms: COVID-19
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      COVID-19, spreading rapidly all over the world, causes serious morbidity and mortality. In
      severe COVID-19 infections, after pulmonary inflammation, cardiovascular organ failure,
      cytokine storm, hemophagocytosis, septic shock, develops due to uncontrolled hypoxia, and
      isolated organ failure turns into multi-organ failure. It is noteworthy that it causes
      lymphopenia in patients. In the studies, the blood levels of certain inflammatory cytokines,
      interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and TNF-α, were evaluated. In addition, blood values of a
      limited number of cytokines were investigated similarly in a limited number of studies
      published in our country.
    

Detailed description: 
      The causative agent of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease, which started in Wuhan province
      of China in December 2019, was severe acute respiratory failure syndrome coronavirus 2
      (SARS-CoV-2), which quickly spread all over the world and caused a pandemic. COVID-19 can
      cause death with symptoms such as fever, cough, muscle pain, shortness of breath, and
      pneumonia (1). Pulmonary pathology of COVID-19 is diffuse alveolar damage, focal reactive
      hyperplasia of pneumocytes with patchy inflammatory cells, intravascular thrombosis,
      monocyte, macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration into pulmonary spaces. Severe infiltration
      of pulmonary tissue affects alveolar gas exchange. In addition, cardiovascular morbidity,
      tachyarrhythmia and thromboembolic events are observed in 1/5 of the hospitalized patients
      with troponin elevation, which is closely related to mortality. In severe COVID-19
      infections, after pulmonary inflammation, cardiovascular organ failure, cytokine storm,
      hemophagocytosis, septic shock, develops due to uncontrolled hypoxia, and isolated organ
      failure turns into multi-organ failure. It is noteworthy that it causes lymphopenia in
      patients. In the studies , the blood levels of certain inflammatory cytokines,
      interleukin-1β,interleukin-6 and TNF-α, were evaluated. In addition, blood values of a
      limited number of cytokines were investigated in a similar way in a limited number of studies
      published in our country.

      We aimed to study IL-1β, IFN-α2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1 (CCL2), IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-10,
      IL-12p70, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33 at Covid 19 and healthy volunteers.
    

Intervention name(s): Flow cytometric analysis
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): IL-1β, IFN-α2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1 (CCL2), IL-6, IL-8 (CXCL8), IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, IL-33 cytokine analysis of COvid-19 patients and healthy volunteers
Observational model: Case-Control
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Patients who admitted to the emergency department with the complaint of respiratory
        failure, lymphopenia in blood tests and Covid 19 (+) in the PCR tests are case group.

        Also healty volunteers who don't have complaint of respiratory failure, lymphopenia in
        blood tests and Covid 19 (-) in the PCR tests are control group.
      
Keywords: interleukin; cytokine