Individual Metabolism and Physiology Signature Study
Condition: Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome X; Obesity
MeSH terms: Metabolic Syndrome; Insulin Resistance
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      To determine if consumption of different diet plans that both are nutritionally-adequate and
      provide energy to maintain body weight, alters fasting insulin concentrations, shifts other
      common clinical markers of metabolic disease risk, and affects metabolomic profiles that
      reflect glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism.
    

Detailed description: 
      Western Human Nutrition Research Center (WHNRC) scientists have observed rapid and
      substantial improvements in metabolic health indices in non-diabetic obese persons who
      undergo a weight-maintenance diet including prepared meals that were aligned with current
      dietary recommendations, including those of the Institute of Medicine and the United States
      Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Dietary
      Guidelines for Americans. For instance, marked reductions and often normalization of
      hyperinsulinemia were observed within days of provision of a controlled nutrient-dense high
      quality diet, and LDL was reduced by 20-30% or more within 2 weeks or possibly earlier. This
      indicates that change in diet alone would benefit many at-risk persons with respect to
      normalizing metabolic parameters and disease risk markers. Yet, surprisingly little formal
      research has focused on how a high quality, weight maintaining diet impacts health over a
      short-term period in at-risk individuals. The overall objective of this study is to determine
      if a nutrient-adequate diet closely aligned with food group recommendations set in the 2010
      Dietary Guidelines for Americans elicits a superior metabolic profile in persons at-risk for
      metabolic disease, compared to a nutrient-adequate containing foods closely aligned with the
      National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) "What We Eat In America" report.
      Further, the investigation will include effect modification of stress-related cortisol
      measures on change in cardiometabolic risk factors.
    

Intervention name(s): DGA Diet Plan; NHANES Diet Plan
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): A nutrient-adequate, balanced diet providing energy to maintain body weight, and macronutrient composition falling within the acceptable range, as recommended by the Institute of Medicine. The foods provided in this diet will be closely aligned with food group recommendations set in the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.; A nutrient-adequate, balanced diet providing energy to maintain body weight, and macronutrient composition falling within the acceptable range, as recommended by the Institute of Medicine. The foods provided in this diet will be closely aligned with the NHANES "What we eat in America" report.
Other intervention name(s): Dietary Guidelines for Americans Diet Plan
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Keywords: Insulin Resistance; Obesity; US Dietary Guidelines