Effect of Different Mobilization Techniques With Common Use of Interferential Therapy in Patients With Knee OA
Condition: Knee Osteoarthritis
MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study aimed to determine the effects of different manual mobilization techniques on
      pain, muscle strength, and functional limitations in individuals with knee osteoarthritis
      (Knee OA). A double-blinded pretest-posttest experimental study. This research employed a
      two-arm parallel group randomized comparative design. A total of thirty participants
      diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned and equally divided into groups 1
      and 2, each containing 15 participants. Both Group 1 and Group 2 underwent Maitland and
      Mulligan mobilization techniques, alongside a common Interferential therapy (IFT) regimen,
      over the course of three sessions per week for a duration of four weeks. The assessment of
      pain and functional disability outcomes was conducted through the application of The Western
      Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores at the baseline and
      four weeks following the intervention. To determine the effects of the intervention within
      and between the groups, the outcome scores were subjected to analysis using both dependent
      and independent t-tests.
    

Detailed description: 
      Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disorder with significant global health implications,
      its prevalence varying across populations due to intricate factors. Recent investigations
      highlight an age-related increase in knee OA prevalence, particularly impacting those aged 60
      and above, with projections indicating heightened impact due to aging demographics. Recent
      pathogenesis studies illuminate the intricate molecular and cellular processes underlying
      knee osteoarthritis (OA), encompassing cartilage degradation, subchondral bone changes, and
      inflammation.Recent advancements have expanded knee osteoarthritis (OA) management, including
      medical, surgical, and physiotherapy interventions. Pharmacological treatments such as
      analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and disease-modifying
      osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) remain fundamental for pain alleviation and inflammation
      reduction. Intra-articular therapies like corticosteroid injections and hyaluronic acid
      supplements offer localized relief and potential disease-modifying effects.Surgical
      interventions like total knee arthroplasty (TKA) provide pain relief and improved function
      for end-stage OA. Minimally invasive techniques like partial knee replacements and
      patient-specific implants aim to preserve joint function and enhance outcomes. Physiotherapy
      and rehabilitation are crucial, in improving stability, muscle strength, and mobility.
      Studies highlight tailored exercises, neuromuscular training, and proprioceptive exercises in
      managing OA symptoms. The integration of these approaches underscores comprehensive knee OA
      management, addressing pain, function, and quality of life. The outcomes of this study could
      offer evidence-based recommendations for clinicians, aiding them in selecting the most
      appropriate manual therapy approach to alleviate pain, enhance joint mobility, and improve
      functional capacity in knee OA patients. Ultimately, this research seeks to contribute to the
      optimization of knee OA management strategies, improving the well-being of those affected.
    

Intervention name(s): Maitland's mobilization technique; Mulligan's mobilization techniques; Interferential Therapy (IFT)
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Maitland's mobilization technique was performed on the patients with its all components, such as 1. Distraction 2. Anteroposterior glides 3. Posteroanterior glides 4. Medial glides and 5. Lateral glides.; Mulligan's mobilization technique was performed on the patients with its all components using a therapeutic belt, such as 1. Medial mobilization with movement (MWM) for Knee flexion 2. Medial mobilization with movement (MWM) for Knee extension 3. Lateral mobilization with movement (MWM) for Knee flexion 4. Lateral mobilization with movement (MWM) for Knee extension.; Interferential Therapy was performed on the patients with the following parameters: career frequency 4000Hz; waveform: rectangular; sweep time: 1 second rise and fall and 5 second stay; Treatment duration: 10 minutes; sweep frequency: 10 to 130 Hz. The current intensity was adjusted until the subject reported feeling a strong tingling sensation without causing muscle contraction. A aquatic gel was applied before straping the electopads over treatment area for smooth electrical conduction.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Maitland mobilization; Mulligan mobilization; Knee pain; Interferential therapy; WOMAC; Functional limitation