The Effect of Model-Based PMR Training on Anxiety and Blood Sugar Levels to Women With Gestational Diabetes
Condition: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy; Anxiety in Pregnancy
MeSH terms: Diabetes, Gestational; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Diabetes Mellitus; Anxiety Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This research is a randomized controlled experimental study to evaluate the effects of PMR
      application based on HBM in terms of blood sugar and anxiety levels in women with GDM. 34
      pregnant women who applied PMR formed the "intervention group" and 34 pregnant women who did
      not practice PMR formed the "control group". The intervention group received "Progressive
      Muscle Relaxation Training". It was determined that there was a statistically significant
      difference between the last follow-up state anxiety score averages, and the intermediate and
      final follow-up trait anxiety scores between the intervention and control groups. It was
      determined that PMR provided a decrease in psychological anxiety levels in pregnant women
      with GDM, and did not have a positive effect on physiologically fasting, 1 hour postprandial
      and 2 hour postprandial blood glucose levels. PMR training prepared based on HBM is a method
      that nurses can perform independently to ensure the psychological well-being of pregnant
      women with GDM.
    

Detailed description: 
      Aim: This research is a randomized controlled experimental study that includes evaluation of
      the effects of PMR based on the SIM model in terms of blood sugar and anxiety levels in women
      with GDM.

      Method: The sample group consisted of 68 pregnant women who were diagnosed with GDM for the
      first time in the Health Sciences University Antalya Training and Research Hospital
      Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinic. 34 pregnant women who applied PMR constituted the
      "intervention group" and 34 pregnant women who did not practice PMR constituted the "control
      group". Data collection was done by the researcher. The "Informed Consent Form", "Pregnant
      Diagnosis Form", "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-STAI" were applied to women with GDM in the
      intervention and control groups before the intervention.

      Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training was given to the intervention group. Pregnant women in
      the intervention group applied PMR 1 hour after dinner, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. The
      "International Physical Activity Questionnaire-IPAQ" and "Diet Compliance Questionnaire" were
      applied to both groups every week for eight weeks.The "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-STAI"
      was administered to both groups for interim follow-up 4 weeks after the intervention, and the
      postprandial 1st hour and 2nd hour postprandial blood glucose values were measured.The
      "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-STAI" was administered to both groups for the final follow-up,
      8 weeks after the intervention, and the postprandial 1st hour and 2nd hour postprandial blood
      glucose values were measured.The data in the research were analyzed using the IBM SPSS
      (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 25.0 program.
    

Intervention name(s): Diet therapy, Progressive Muscle Relaxation training, Progressive Muscle Relaxation group; The group who received diet therapy and practiced their daily activities.
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): The group that received Progressive Muscle Relaxation training and applied progressive muscle relaxation for 8 weeks.; The group who received diet therapy and practiced their daily activities.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Using a computer program, the researchers randomly placed pregnant women who received dietary advice into either the intervention group or the control group.
Masking: Single (Care Provider)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: gestational diabetes; Health Belief Model; Progressive Relaxation Exercise; Anxiety; Blood Sugar