The Effects of the Breastfeeding Problems Management Model on Breastfeeding Problems, Motivation and Success
Condition: Counselling
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This randomized controlled interventional study was conducted with 50 women (25 intervention
      and 25 control). While the intervention group received an eight-week postpartum education and
      care according to the Breastfeeding Problems Management Model (BPMM) under the leadership of
      a nurse, the control group received routine care. CONSORT checklist was used to report the
      study.The women in the intervention group were provided with nursing interventions according
      to the BPMM by the researcher. The women in standard care group were not provided with any
      interventions by the researcher.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of the
      Breastfeeding Problems Management Model (BPMM) on breastfeeding problems, breastfeeding
      motivation and breastfeeding success.

      Research hypotheses H0: Mothers in the intervention and control group H01: Demonstrate no
      differences in terms of their "LATCH Assessment Tool" total mean scores.

      H02: Demonstrate no differences in terms of their "Breastfeeding Motivation Scale" total mean
      scores.

      H03: Demonstrate no differences in terms of their "Breastfeeding Experience Scale" total mean
      scores.

      H1: Mothers in the intervention and control group H11: Demonstrate differences in terms of
      their "LATCH Assessment Tool" total mean scores.

      H12: Demonstrate differences in terms of their "Breastfeeding Motivation Scale" total mean
      scores.

      H13: Demonstrate differences in terms of their "Breastfeeding Experience Scale" total mean
      scores.

      This study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic at Adana City Training and
      Research Hospital affiliated with the T.R. Ministry of Health between 01/06/2020 and
      01/04/2022. The target population of the study included women who had a vaginal delivery at
      Adana City Training and Research Hospital affiliated with the T.R. Ministry of Health. The
      sample of the study was women who had vaginal delivery in the related hospital between
      01/06/2020 and 01/04/2022, who met the research criteria, and who agreed to participate in
      the study.

      Power analysis was performed after data were collected from 20 women who had a vaginal
      delivery (10 intervention, 10 control) for the calculation of the sample size. Power analysis
      conducted using values obtained from the pilot implementation via the G*Power 3.0.10, for 4
      repeat models with 80% Power and 5% margin of error, indicated that at least 40 samples were
      adequate for 2 groups (n1:20; n2:20). Due to the probability of women's leaving the study
      during their follow-ups, the study included 50 women: 25 intervention and 25 control group
      participants.

      Data were collected through the "Personal Information Form", the "Breastfeeding Experience
      Scale", the "LATCH Assessment Tool", and the "Breastfeeding Motivation Scale (for Primiparous
      Mothers)".

      The study formed the "Breastfeeding Problems Management Model (BPMM)", and the nursing
      interventions in the intervention group were done based on this model.The BPMM was composed
      of interventions with the leadership of a nurse and included topics of the early postpartum
      period; postpartum 1st, 2nd, 6th, and 8th weeks; increasing breastfeeding motivation and
      breastfeeding success; and preventing and eliminating breastfeeding problems. The components
      of the model included meeting women face-to-face, giving education using a booklet, providing
      breastfeeding consultancy on the phone, and home visits.

      The women in the intervention group were provided with nursing interventions according to the
      BPMM by the researcher. LATCH (pre-test) was administered before discharge from the hospital;
      women were given the education booklet; and their contact information was recorded. After
      discharge from the hospital, the women were called by phone in the 1st, 2nd, and 6th weeks,
      BES was read, and the scale was filled in by the researcher based on the women's responses.
      Women who were found to experience breastfeeding problems in these phone calls were provided
      with consultancy and home visits. In the 8th week, home visits were done and the education
      was repeated. The women were administered the BES, LATCH (post-test), and BMS.

      The women in control group were not provided with any interventions by the researcher. They
      were provided with standard care at the hospital. Before discharge from the hospital, the
      LATCH (pre-test) was administered and women's contact information was recorded. After
      discharge from the hospital, the women were called by phone in the 1st, 2nd, and 6th weeks.
      BES were read on the phone, and the scale was filled in by the researcher based on the
      women's responses. Home visits were performed in the 8th week, and the women were
      administered the BES, LATCH (post-test), and BMS.
    

Intervention name(s): Breastfeeding Problems Management Model (BPMM)
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): The BPMM was composed of interventions with the leadership of a nurse and included topics of the early postpartum period; postpartum 1st, 2nd, 6th, and 8th weeks; increasing breastfeeding motivation and breastfeeding success; and preventing and eliminating breastfeeding problems. The components of the model included meeting women face-to-face, giving education using a booklet, providing breastfeeding consultancy on the phone, and home visits.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Breastfeeding