Clinical Evaluation of Different Minimal Invasive Treatment Modalities of Mild to Moderate Dental Fluorosis Using A Visual Analog Scale
Condition: Dental Fluorosis
MeSH terms: Fluorosis, Dental; Fluoride Poisoning
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study was conducted for clinical evaluation of the quality of different minimal-invasive
      treatment modalities and combination treatments in esthetics improvement of mild to moderate
      fluorosed teeth using two different evaluation methods.

      One hundred and sixty fluorosed teeth were included in this study. Prior to the
      interventions, pre-operative photographs were taken as baseline records. After that teeth
      were randomly allocated in eight treatment protocols with twenty teeth (n=20) included in
      each protocol. Protocol one (P1) Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40%. Protocol two (P2) Opalustre™.
      Protocol three (P3) MI-Paste Plus®. In protocol four (P4) teeth were treated with Opalustre™
      followed by Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40%. In protocol five (P5) Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40% was
      applied followed by MI-Paste Plus®, while in protocol six (P6) Opalustre™ was applied
      followed by MI-Paste Plus®. Whereas protocol seven (P7) teeth were treated with Opalustre™
      followed by Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40% and lastly MI-Paste Plus®. Protocol eight (P8)
      control.

      All teeth were evaluated immediately after treatment (T1), after 14 days (T2), after 3 months
      (T3) and after 6 months (T4).

      They were rated for "improvement in appearance" and "change in white/brown opaque areas"
      using VAS through two blinded evaluators by comparing photographs of each follow-up time
      point with baseline. "Patient satisfaction", "tooth sensitivity" and "requirements for
      further treatments" were recorded by the participant.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study was conducted for clinical evaluation of the quality of different minimal-invasive
      treatment modalities and combination treatments in esthetics improvement of mild to moderate
      fluorosed teeth using two different evaluation methods.

      Materials used in this study were Opalustre™ (microabrasion paste of 6.6% hydrochloric acid
      and Silicon Carbide), Opalescence™ Boost™ PF 40% (in-office bleaching of 40% hydrogen
      peroxide) and MI-Paste Plus® (topical remineralizing tooth crème of casein phosphopeptide
      amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate).

      One hundred and sixty fluorosed teeth were included in this study. Prior to the
      interventions, pre-operative photographs were taken as baseline records. After that teeth
      were randomly allocated in eight treatment protocols with twenty teeth (n=20) included in
      each protocol. Protocol one (P1) Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40%. Protocol two (P2) Opalustre™.
      Protocol three (P3) MI-Paste Plus®. In protocol four (P4) teeth were treated with Opalustre™
      followed by Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40%. In protocol five (P5) Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40% was
      applied followed by MI-Paste Plus®, while in protocol six (P6) Opalustre™ was applied
      followed by MI-Paste Plus®. Whereas protocol seven (P7) teeth were treated with Opalustre™
      followed by Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40% and lastly MI-Paste Plus®. Protocol eight (P8)
      control.

      All teeth were evaluated immediately after treatment (T1), after 14 days (T2), after 3 months
      (T3) and after 6 months (T4).

      They were rated for "improvement in appearance" and "change in white/brown opaque areas"
      using VAS through two blinded evaluators by comparing photographs of each follow-up time
      point with baseline. "Patient satisfaction", "tooth sensitivity" and "requirements for
      further treatments" were recorded by the participant.

      Data were collected, checked, revised and organized in tables and figures using Microsoft
      Excel 2016.Improvement in appearance, change in opacity, tooth sensitivity, patient
      satisfaction and requirement for further treatment were not normally distributed (p<0.05*)
      i.e. nonparametric data, accordingly, Freidman's test to differentiate between timepoints and
      Kruskal-Wallis to compare between treatment protocols were applied at 0.05 level.
    

Intervention name(s): Opalescence™ boost™ PF 40%; Opalustre™; MI-Paste Plus®
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): 40% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching; 6.6% hydrochloric acid and silicon carbide microparticles microabrasion paste; casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP-ACFP) remineralizing tooth crème
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Fluorosed teeth
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Bleaching, microabrasion, CPP-ACFP, VAS