Prizma Pulse Oximeter Evaluation
Condition: Oxygen Deficiency
MeSH terms: Hypoxia
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      This study is intended to evaluate performance of the new design sufficiently to support
      performance claims for an FDA 510K submission or ISO technical file. Specifically:

        -  SpO2 value range 70% to 100%

        -  10 or more subjects, at least 3 of dark pigmentation

        -  At least 200 data points

        -  Meeting the following test required by the 2013 FDA Guidance on Pulse Oximeters -
           Premarket Notification Submissions and by ISO 80601-2-61 on Pulse Oximeters:

        -  2013 FDA Guidance on Pulse Oximeters - Premarket Notification Submissions:

             -  4.1. ACCURACY OF PULSE OXIMETERS

             -  4.1.1 IN VIVO TESTING FOR SPO2 ACCURACY UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

        -  ISO 80601-2-61:2011 Annex EE.2 and clause 201.12.1.101.2

             -  201.12.1.101 SpO2 accuracy of pulse oximeter equipment

             -  201.12.1.101.2 Determination of SpO2 accuracy
    

Detailed description: 
      The device under test was the Prizma which is a phone cover biometric device that includes
      reflectance oximetry. This device is a spot checker that requires the patient to hold their
      finger on the sensor during the measurement. The subjects were asked not to move during the
      study. In order to get consistent measurements the fingers were taped to the test device. The
      tape acted mainly as a reminder, and there were some problems with finger movement. A radial
      arterial cannula was placed in either the left or right wrist of each subject.

      Blood gas analysis to determine oxyhemoglobin saturation was performed on an OSM-3®
      multi-wavelength oximeter (Hemoximeter, Radiometer, Copenhagen). No subject was anemic
      (Hemoglobin ≤ 10gm•dl-1). Each subject had control data taken at the beginning of each
      experiment, with two control blood samples drawn while breathing room air. Hypoxia was
      induced to different levels of oxyhemoglobin saturation (between 70-100%) by having subjects
      breathe mixtures of nitrogen, room air, and carbon dioxide. Oxyhemoglobin saturation was
      reduced to a series of targets and stabilized at the plateau value. Each plateau level of
      oxyhemoglobin saturation was maintained for at least 30 seconds. Two arterial blood samples
      were then obtained, approximately 30 seconds apart. A total of 24 samples were obtained per
      subject. Data were recorded by Bickler-Ye lab and provided for analysis.
    

Intervention name(s): Prizma Oxygen Saturation Measurement
Intervention type(s): Device
Intervention description(s): A radial arterial cannula was placed in either the left or right wrist of each subject.
Blood gas analysis to determine oxyhemoglobin saturation was performed on an OSM-3® multi-wavelength oximeter (Hemoximeter, Radiometer, Copenhagen). No subject was anemic (Hemoglobin ≤ 10gm•dl-1).
Observational model: Case-Only
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Selection of patients, both male and female, who meet the eligibility criteria (see below)