Effects of Different Aerobic Exercise Programs With Nutritional Interventions in Hypertensive and Overweight People
Condition: Hypertension; Overweight; Sedentary
MeSH terms: Overweight
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Obesity and arterial hypertension (HTN) frequently coexist in the same patient. Moreover, the
      concept that obesity and HTN can be additive in terms of cardiovascular rist is widely
      accepted. Yet, clinical decision-making in obese patients is complicated by a surprising lack
      of evidence on the relative importance of obesity and HTN treatment and its efficacy and
      safety. Lifestyle interventions are the mainstay of obesity management programs and are also
      advocated in the prevention and treatment of HTN. Physical exercise and diet are recommended
      to prevent and control obesity and HTN. Aerobic exercise is firmly established as an
      effective measure for lowering blood pressure and reducing cardiovascular risk. However,
      there is no agreement about the optimal dose of frequency, intensity, duration and type of
      exercise. Therefore, the aims of the study are: 1) to assess the changes in selected
      parameters of blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and biological
      markers brought about by a period of 16-week of different aerobic exercise programs with
      hypocaloric diet for overweight or obesity and primary hypertensive adults, and 2) to examine
      the effect of six months detraining subsequent to intervention. Secondary objectives are to
      examine the additional effect of the intervention on physical activity behavior and
      health-related quality of life.
    

Detailed description: 
      METHODOLOGY: participants will perform a ramp incremental cardiopulmonary exercise bike test
      before, after 16-week of follow-up, and after 6-month detraining period (with no intervention
      only recommendations). After inclusion criteria they will be randomized to four parallel
      groups: 1) control group with only hypocaloric diet intervention and lifestyle
      recommendations; 2) Moderate (HR values between VT1 and VT2 or 50-75% of HR reserve)
      continuous exercise and high volume (from 20 to 45min) group and hypocaloric diet
      intervention; 3) high intensity (HR values up to VT2 to peak intensity or ≥76% to <100 % of
      HR reserve) interval training and high-volume (from 20 to 45min) group alternating high and
      moderate intensities at different protocols and hypocaloric diet intervention; and 4)
      high-intensity interval training and low-volume (20min) group alternating high and moderate
      intensities at different protocolsand hypocaloric diet intervention.
    

Intervention name(s): DIET; DIET & MODERATE CONTINUOUS TRAINING; DIET & HIGH VOLUME HIIT; DIET & LOW VOLUME HIIT
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral; Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Lifestyle intervention through hypocaloric diet; Lifestyle intervention through hypocaloric diet and exercise at moderate intensity (60-80%peakHR) continuous mode, and high volume (45 min).; Lifestyle intervention through hypocaloric diet and exercise at high intensity (80-95%peakHR) interval mode, and high volume (45 min).; Lifestyle intervention through diet and exercise at high intensity (80-95%peakHR) interval mode, and low volume (20 min).
Other intervention name(s): CONTROL GROUP; MCT; HV-HIIT; LV-HIIT
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: cardiovascular risk, obesity, interval training, diet