The Effect of Balance Training Following STARS on Postural Control
Condition: Kinesiophobia; Ankle Sprains; Sensory Deficit; Ankle Instability; Functional Performance
MeSH terms: Ankle Injuries; Kinesiophobia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is defined as the symptoms continuing 12 months after the
      first sprain and the functional and/or mechanical instability reported by the individual. The
      number of researches that include a combined treatment approach that will affect both sensory
      and motor components in rehabilitation strategies applied for CAI is limited.

      The aim of this study is to isolated sensory, isolated motor and combined targeted approaches
      for the treatment of chronic ankle instability (CAI); to compare the effects on postural
      control, range of motion, function and kinesiophobia and to contribute to an effective
      approach related to the applicability of Sensory-Targeted Ankle Rehabilitation Strategies in
      the treatment of CAI.
    

Detailed description: 
      Lateral ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in athletes and physically active
      individuals, accounting for 80% of ankle injuries. After the ankle is sprained for the first
      time, it becomes more prone to re-injury. Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is defined as the
      symptoms continuing 12 months after the first sprain and the functional and/or mechanical
      instability reported by the individual. Long-term ongoing CAI symptoms; It includes pain,
      swelling, give away that reduces the person's quality of life.

      Symptoms of CAI include both motor and sensory aspects of the sensorimotor system. Despite
      sensory and motor deficits in sensorimotor control, researches on CAI rehabilitation have
      focused on either motor or sensory components. The number of researches that include a
      combined treatment approach that will affect both sensory and motor components in
      rehabilitation strategies applied for CAI is limited.

      Sensory-Targeted Ankle Rehabilitation Strategies (STARS) and balance training have proven to
      be effective in relieving CAI-associated deficits. Although the effects of isolated STARS
      were positive, in a recent study, there was no statistically significant difference between
      the groups when the balance training given with STARS was compared with the balance training
      alone. However, the reason for the lack of difference between the groups may be the
      simultaneous application of both treatment protocols. In addition, the effects of the
      isolated use of the STARS combination in the treatment of CAI are still unclear and to our
      knowledge, there are no studies in this area.

      The aim of this study is to isolated sensory, isolated motor and combined targeted approaches
      for the treatment of chronic ankle instability (CAI); to compare the effects on postural
      control, range of motion, function and kinesiophobia and to contribute to an effective
      approach related to the applicability of STARS in the treatment of CAI.
    

Intervention name(s): Exercise; STARS (Sensory-Targeted Ankle Rehabilitation Strategies)
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The training will be given for 6 weeks, 3 times a week for 20 minutes. This phased balance training program is based on the participant's ability to maintain a single limb posture while performing balance activities. The program includes: 1) hop to stabilization, 2) hop to stabilization and reach, 3) hop to stabilization box drill, 4) progressive single-limb stance balance activities with eyes open, and 5) progressive single-limb stance activities with eyes closed. Participants will be followed up with a physiotherapist and will be able to proceed to the next stage of the test after completing the previous level without errors.; STARS includes; joint mobilization, plantar massage and triceps surae stretching. The training will be given for 6 weeks, 3 times a week for 5 minutes.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Participants between the ages of 18-25, diagnosed with chronic ankle sprain who met the inclusion criteria will be included in the study. Sample size of the study is calculated as 21. All evaluations of the participants, including postural control, weight bearing dorsiflexion angle measurement, function and kinesiophobia will be made by the same physiotherapist. The physiotherapist who made the evaluations will not know which treatment method will be applied to the participants.
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment