The Bone-Myoregulation Reflex and Development of Sarcopenia in Osteoporosis
Condition: Sarcopenia; Osteoporosis
MeSH terms: Osteoporosis; Sarcopenia
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Bone and skeletal muscle are in a single unit that interacts with each other structurally and
      functionally. The aim of this study is to determine the contribution of bone myoregulation
      reflex as a neuronal crosstalk mechanism on the development of sarcopenia in postmenopausal
      and senile osteoporosis
    

Detailed description: 
      Bone and skeletal muscle are in a single unit that interacts with each other structurally and
      functionally. While myokines synthesized and released in skeletal muscle modulate the bone
      formation and destruction process, osteokines synthesized and released by bone cells have
      positive or negative effects on muscle (4,5,6,7,8,9). In addition to humoral crosstalk
      mechanisms between muscle and bone, there is also a neuronal crosstalk mechanism defined as
      bone myoregulation reflex. The aim of this study is to determine the contribution of bone
      myoregulation reflex as a neuronal crosstalk mechanism on the development of sarcopenia in
      postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis (10,11,12,13,14). Osteoporotic cases would be
      determined by standard DXA measurements.

      The vibration will be applied with the PowerPlate® Pro5 whole-body vibration (London UK)
      device. The vibration amplitude will be 2 mm. The vibration frequency will be 30, 33, and 36
      Hz. Each vibration frequency will be applied for 45 seconds. A 5-second rest period will be
      applied between vibrations of 45 seconds.

      Surface EMG recordings will be taken from the right soleus muscle using the bipolar
      technique. A pair of self-adhesive Ag/AgCl (Redline®) electrodes will be adhered to the skin
      according to the SENIAM protocol(2). Recordings will be taken in the 1-500 Hz frequency band.
      Surface electromyography (EMG) recordings will be taken with a PowerLab ® (ADInstruments,
      Oxford, UK) data recorder with a sample rate of 20 KHz. EMG recordings will be analyzed
      offline with LabChart7 Pro® version 7.3.8 (ADInstruments, Oxford, UK). The acceleration
      measurement data will be recorded with the PowerLab (ADInstrument London) data acquisition
      simultaneously with the EMG recording. Acceleration recording will be made with a sample rate
      of 20 KHz.
    

Intervention name(s): whole-body vibration to Control
Intervention type(s): Device
Intervention description(s): Whole-body vibration (WBV) will be applied while standing upright. During this position, he will be asked not to voluntarily contract the calf muscles and to remain relaxed. The vibration will be applied with the PowerPlate® Pro5 WBV (London UK) device. The vibration amplitude will be 2 mm. The vibration frequency will be 30, 33, and 36 Hz. Each vibration frequency will be applied for 45 seconds. A 5-second rest period will be applied between vibrations of 45 seconds.
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Keywords: muscle strength; bone mineral density