IL-32 Levels in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis
Condition: Periodontitis
MeSH terms: Periodontitis; Chronic Periodontitis
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a recently described cytokine that is a strong inducer of
      pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. A previous report have
      reported that Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived LPS significantly up-regulated IL-32
      expression compared with the unstimulated cells in monocytes (THP-1 cells). They suggested
      that IL-32 may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. In the present study
      the investigators hypothesized that IL-32 levels may increase in the gingival crevicular
      fluid (GCF) and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis compared with healthy controls
      and these levels may decrease together with treatment.
    

Detailed description: 
      The purpose of this study was to investigate IL-32 levels in the GCF and saliva of patients
      with chronic periodontitis and to evaluate changes after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

      Twenty-seven CP and 27 periodontally healthy controls were enrolled in this study.
      Periodontitis patients received nonsurgical periodontal treatment. GCF and saliva sampling
      and clinical periodontal parameters were assessed before and a month after treatment. IL-32,
      IL-10 and TNF-α levels in GCF and saliva were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

      Unstimulated salivary samples were collected using standard techniques. About 2 mL whole
      saliva was collected in disposable tubes and centrifuged immediately to remove cell debris
      (10,000 g x 10 minutes). The supernatants (50µL each) were stored at -40C until analyzed. GCF
      samples were collected from a mesio-buccal and disto-palatal site on each tooth. In the CP
      group, the samples were obtained from patients at areas with ≥5 mm CAL, ≥6 mm PD and ≥30%
      bone loss. In the healthy group, GCF samples were collected from teeth exhibiting PD<3 mm
      without CAL and BOP. The area was isolated with cotton rolls, saliva contamination
      elimination was ensured, and it was slightly air dried. GCF was sampled with paper strips.
      Paper strips were placed into the crevice until mild resistance was felt (intracrevicular
      method) and left in the position for 30 seconds. Strips contaminated with blood or saliva
      were discarded. Each sampled strip was placed into a 400µl eppendorf centrifuge tube and
      stored at -40C until analyzed.
    

Intervention name(s): nonsurgical periodontal treatment; Gingival crevicular fluid and saliva collection
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Scaling and root planning under local anaesthesia, in a total of four clinical visits Oral hygiene instructions including the modified Bass technique, regular toothpaste, and an appropriate interdental cleaning device with dental floss and interdental brush.; GCF collection with filter paper (Periopaper) using the intracrevicular method. Patients' mouths were rinsed with distilled water, and unstimulated salivary samples were collected by patients expectorating into disposable tubes.
Other intervention name(s): chronic periodontitis patients; periodontally healthy controls; chronic periodontitis patients
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Diagnostic
Keywords: Interleukin-32; periodontitis