Biofeedback Balance Exercises in Parkinson's Disease
Condition: Parkinson Disease; Balance; Distorted
MeSH terms: Parkinson Disease
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of static posturography-assisted
      biofeedback exercises in PD-related balance disorder.
    

Detailed description: 
      Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive, degenerative movement disorder, the
      incidence of which increases with age, characterized by motor and non-motor findings.
      Cardinal motor findings such as bradykinesia, rigidity, rest tremor, postural instability,
      and gait dysfunction and secondary motor symptoms additional to these such as dysarthria, and
      associated movements in the arms may be seen throughout the course of the disease.
      Progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons occurs in the basal ganglia, together with a
      decrease in the speed and angle of movement. Loss of postural reflexes causes balance
      disturbance findings such as impaired postural control, rigidity in the extremities, and
      akinesia.Falls, decreased mobility, disability and quality of life impairment occur as a
      result of balance disorder. Higher rates of falls or fall-related fractures have been
      reported in PD compared to the non-PD elderly population.There are several exercise
      applications aimed at balance improving strategies in PD. Strengthening exercises combined
      with conventional balance exercises, treadmill walking training, tai chi, and biofeedback
      have been shown to improve gait and and balance control in PD. Various publications have
      shown that biofeedback therapy in elderly individuals and in healthy individuals with
      postural disorder exhibits positive effects on balance by enhancing postural stability and
      reducing body tremor. The basic aim of this study was to investigate the effects of static
      posturography-assisted visual and auditory biofeedback therapy on balance and the risk of
      falls in PD. In addition, the study was intended to determine the effects of balance training
      on the individual's daily living activities, perceived safety level, and emotional state.
    

Intervention name(s): Biofeedback exercises; Conventional Exercises
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Biofeedback system is a center of pressure-controlled video game-based exercise system designed for patients with neurological and orthopedic diseases and provides balance training using auditory, visual, and pressure biofeedback. The system contains several games, each designed to focus on a different component of balance. Biofeedback is provided by means of a monitor in front of the patient. The balance exercises program was involved a total of 18 sessions, each lasting 20 min, three times a week for six weeks, and was individually tailored based on the patient's tolerance and current motor and sensorial capacities. All patients performed conventional exercises.; Classic balance exercises were performed (two-leg stance, semi-tandem stance, tandem stance, standing on one leg, tandem walking, turning completely around, heel-to-toe stance, and standing with the eyes closed). Patients with balance disorder first could be commenced balance training in a seated position before progressing to standing exercises, to the extent that these could be tolerable.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: We have two groups. First group received biofeedback exercise and conventional exercise group, second group received only conventional exercise treatment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment