Treatment of Young Permanent Teeth With Different Adjuvant Approaches
Condition: Treatment; Periodontitis, Apical; Necrotic Pulp
MeSH terms: Periodontitis; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Periapical Periodontitis
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      To determine microbiology assessment of infected root canal in young permanent teeth, as well
      as antimicrobial efficiency of different adjuvant treatment modalities including photodynamic
      therapy (PDT), high-power diode laser, and essential oils following mechanic-chemical
      treatment in the treatment of periapical periodontitis in these teeth.
    

Detailed description: 
      To determine antimicrobial efficiency of adjuvant photodynamic therapy (PDT) and high-power
      diode laser, and essential oils in the treatment of chronic periapical periodontitis in young
      permanent teeth.

      Material and Methods: Young permanent teeth with chronic periapical periodontitis were
      selected and randomly divided into tests and control groups. Adjuvant treatment approaches
      were randomly performed following standard mechanical-chemical endodontic treatment:

        1. Experimental laser-device 1, PDT group: adjuvant PDT (n=10)

        2. Experimental laser-device 2, Diode laser (940 nm, 1W) (n=10)

        3. Experimental essential oil (n=10)

        4. Experimental sodium hypochlorite (NaoCL) group (n= 10) solely mechanical instrumentation
           with 1.5 % of NaOCl irrigation was performed (positive control).

      Afterwards, each root canal was filled with calcium hydroxide, and definitive obturation was
      done seven days respectively.

      Microbiological analyses of root canals were assessed after accessing the canal (sample 1),
      following mechanical-chemical treatment (sample 2), and adjuvant treatment approaches (sample
      3). The microbiological identification and quantification were provided by MALDI -TOF
      spectrometry and plate count assay. To evaluate the efficiency of treatment modalities,
      radiography records were additionally used.
    

Intervention name(s): Laser-device group; Essential Oil; Sodium hypochlorite group
Intervention type(s): Device; Drug; Drug
Intervention description(s): After each instrumentation, the root canals were irrigated with 1.5 % sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).
Depending on allocations, in the laser-device groups, the adjuvant treatment approaches were performed either by means of photodynamic therapy (HELBO, Photodynamic Systems GmbH) or high power diode laser (940nm, Biolase ® Technology, CA, USA). Performing photodynamic therapy the root canals were filled with the phenothiazine chloride (HELBO® Endo Blue, Bredent, Germany) for 2 min following irradiation of diode laser (HELBO® TheraLite Laser (λ = 660 nm, power = 100 mW)) for 60 s. Performing only diode laser the root canals were be irrigated with a diode laser (λ = 940 maximal power 10W) for 60 s.; After each instrumentation, the root canals were irrigated with 1.5 % sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).
Depending on allocations, in the EO group, the adjuvant treatment approaches were performed either by means of essential oil (Cymbopogon martinii and Thymus vulgaris, Herba oils, Herba d.o.o, Belgrade, Serbia); Mechanico-chemical root canal preparation and root canal disinfection were be performed by means of mechanic-chemical methods including hand instruments followed by 1.5% sodium hypochlorite (pH 12), at room temperature (21 degrees Celsius).
Other intervention name(s): Laser; EO; NaOCl group
Intervention MeSH terms: Sodium Hypochlorite; Eusol
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: young permanent teeth; periodontitis apical; treatment