Effect of Concurrent and Aerobic Exercise on VO2max, Strength, and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Adults
Condition: Healthy Volunteers
MeSH terms: Overweight
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Concurrent and aerobic physical exercise are recognized strategies for the treatment of
      overweight and obesity. The interventions of these modalities have been performed with
      cardiovascular machines or guided execution in their majority, making it possible to improve
      the health of this population; however, the studies have used high-cost equipment that is not
      very accessible to the general population. For this reason, we propose to compare the effects
      of two 12-week programs: concurrent vs. aerobic, using an innovative methodology with
      musicalized and outdoor activities, little approached by research. The polarized training
      intensity distribution model, usually used in sports and now applied to physical activity to
      improve VO2max, muscular strength, and body composition, will be used to determine which
      intervention is superior in improving these variables.
    

Detailed description: 
      Twenty-eight people (women and men) will be randomly assigned to a concurrent exercise group
      (intervention group) and an aerobic exercise group (comparator group), with fourteen people
      per group. These interventions will be performed for 12 weeks, 3 times per week, with a
      duration of 60 minutes per session. The first 8 minutes will be of general and specific joint
      mobility preparing the participants for the central part which will be 47 minutes, and will
      end with 5 minutes of return to calm.

      The concurrent exercise group sessions will have two components, lasting 47 minutes. One of
      them will be strength exercises with a time of 23 minutes, to perform 7 exercises. In the
      first four weeks, it will be a general circuit, composed of 2 sets, 15 to 18 repetitions, for
      60 seconds, with micro-pauses of 10 seconds between exercises, and 3 minutes between sets. In
      weeks 5 to 8, it will be a block circuit, consisting of 3 sets, 12 to 15 repetitions, for 45
      seconds, with micro-pauses of 10 seconds between exercises and 70 seconds between sets. For
      weeks 9 to 12, it will be a concentrated circuit, consisting of 3 sets, 8 to 12 repetitions,
      for 35 seconds, with micro-pauses of 15 seconds between exercises and 110 seconds between
      sets.

      The aerobic component will have a duration equal to the strength component (24 minutes). A
      variable continuous method will be applied for the first 18 minutes through rumba-aerobic
      (ballroom and folkloric dance steps), at an intensity lower than the ventilatory threshold 1
      (VT 1). For the remaining 6 minutes, an intervallic method will be used at an intensity > VT
      2, with combat gestures (fists, knees, and plantar flexions). Progression of the loads during
      the 12 weeks of intervention: Weeks 1 and 2: 5 loads of 30 seconds and 30 seconds of
      recovery.

      Weeks 3 and 4: 4 loads of 45 seconds and 45 seconds of recovery. Weeks 5 to 7: 5 loads of 50
      seconds and 25 seconds of recovery. Week 8: 4 loads of 60 seconds and 30 seconds of recovery.
      Weeks 9 to 11: 3 loads of 70 seconds and 35 seconds of recovery. Week 12: 4 loads of 80 and
      40 seconds of recovery.

      The aerobic group, will perform the same methods, rumba steps, combat gestures, intensities,
      and time of the central part of the aerobic component of the concurrent exercise group, but
      will be differentiated by performing in the continuous method for a duration of 36 minutes
      and in the interval method will have the following progression:

      Weeks 1 and 2: 2 blocks by 5 loads of 35 seconds and 35 seconds of recovery. Weeks 3 and 4: 2
      blocks by 4 loads of 45 seconds and 45 seconds of recovery. Weeks 5 to 8: 2 blocks by 4 loads
      of 60 seconds and 30 seconds of recovery. Weeks 9 to 11: 2 blocks by 3 loads of 75 seconds
      and 37.5 seconds of recovery. Week 12: 2 blocks by 4 loads of 80 seconds and 40 seconds of
      recovery.

      All participants will have their maximal oxygen consumption, muscle strength, and body
      composition evaluated before the beginning of week 1 and at the end of week 12.
    

Intervention name(s): Concurrent exercise; Aerobic exercise
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Strength component (circuit-based exercise) and aerobic component (based on musicalized and outdoor activities).; Low-to-moderate-intensity continuous training and interval training based on musicalized and outdoor activities.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Obesity; Concurrent exercise; Combined training; Circuit-Based Exercise; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Muscle Strength; Body Composition