Evaluation Study on Smoke-free Teens Programme 2020-2021
Condition: Smoking Cessation
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The objectives are:

      i. To evaluate Smoke-free Teens' change in knowledge on smoking hazards, attitudes towards
      smoking, tobacco control and smoking cessation, and practices for promoting smoking
      prevention and cessation, ii. To evaluate the process and quality of smoke-free programmes
      organized by the Smoke-free Teens in their schools/community, and iii. To measure the number
      of people reached in the smoke-free programmes organized by the Smoke-free Teens.
    

Detailed description: 
      Participants Youth between Form 1 and 4 or aged 14 to 18 in the school academic year
      2019-2020 will be nominated by secondary schools, youth centres and uniform groups to
      participate in the Smoke-free Teens Programme 2020-2021.

      Outcomes The primary outcomes include the change in (1) knowledge on smoking hazards, (2)
      attitudes towards smoking, tobacco control and smoking cessation, (3) practices for promoting
      smoking prevention and cessation, and (4) the Smoke-free Teens' satisfaction on the training
      camp.

      The secondary outcomes are (1) the number of people participated in the school- or
      community-based smoke-free programmes organised by the Smoke-free Teens, and (2) the number
      of smokers advised and referred to existing smoking cessation services by the Smoke-free
      Teens.

      Smoke-free Teens Programme The Smoke-free teens will join six sessions of online classes via
      an e-platform in October 2020 and followed by virtual training day camps through Zoom in two
      days in December 2020 organized by Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH). The online
      classes will educate students the knowledge on smoking hazards, tobacco control and smoking
      cessation.In addition, the teens will be taught how to deliver a brief smoking cessation
      intervention using the "AWARD" Model: 1) Ask about smoking, 2) Warn the smokers that at least
      half will be killed by smoking, 3) Advise to quit (reduce) as soon as possible, 4) Refer to
      cessation clinics or hotlines, and 5) Do it again until the smokers quit. By the end of the
      training camp, the teens should be confident and competent in delivering the brief smoking
      cessation intervention to smokers. After the online classes, the teens will then break down
      into groups to organize smoke-free programmes in their schools or in the community.

      Survey instrument A structured questionnaire designed by the smoking cessation team, School
      of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong will be used to evaluate the training camp. The
      questionnaire covers four areas, including (1) knowledge on smoking hazards, (2) attitudes
      towards smoking, tobacco control and smoking cessation, (3) practices for promoting smoking
      prevention and cessation, and (4) self-efficacy to deliver smoking cessation advices. The
      items of the questionnaire have been adopted and modified from previous studies on smoking
      cessation, with well-established psychometric properties. A process evaluation form (Appendix
      4) will also be developed by the smoking cessation team to assess how the teens satisfy with
      the online classes and training camp, and to determine whether the content of online classes
      and training camp meets the learning needs and expectations of the teens. Table 1 shows the
      items that will be asked at each time point.

      To evaluate the smoke-free programmes organized after the training camp, each group of the
      Smoke-free Teens will be required to submit a written proposal to COSH. In addition, a final
      report that contains the information about the number of people reached by the programmes,
      publicity, and the process and outcomes of the programmes, will be submitted for review.

      Data collection Data collection will be conducted by COSH. All Smoke-free Teens will be
      invited to respond to the structured questionnaire at baseline (T1), immediately after the
      online classes (T2), and 3 months later (T4). In addition, they will be asked to complete a
      process evaluation form immediately after the training camp (T3). Comments and suggestions
      provided by the teens in the process evaluation form will be taken into account for future
      improvement of the training camp. In addition, each group of teens will have to submit the
      written proposal and final report regarding the smoke-free programme to COSH at 3 months
      (T4), respectively.

      Statistical analysis The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS: Version 23; SPSS Inc.,
      Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows will be employed to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics
      will be used to describe the demographic characteristics of the Smoke-free Teens. Paired
      samples t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test will be conducted to assess the change in
      knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Smoke-free Teens regarding smoking, tobacco control
      and smoking cessation before and after the training camp. To evaluate the smoke-free
      programmes organized by the Smoke-free Teens after the training camp, descriptive statistics
      will be used to report the number of people reached by the programmes, publicity, and the
      process and outcomes of the programmes.
    

Intervention name(s): six sessions of online classes and virtual training day camps through Zoom in two days
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): The Smoke-free teens will join six sessions of online classes via an e-platform in October 2020 and followed by virtual training day camps through Zoom in two days in December 2020 organized by COSH. The online classes will educate students the knowledge on smoking hazards, tobacco control and smoking cessation. In addition, the teens will be taught how to deliver a brief smoking cessation intervention using the "AWARD" Model. After the online classes, the teens will then break down into groups to organize smoke-free programmes in their schools or in the community.
All Smoke-free Teens will be invited to respond to the structured questionnaire at baseline (T1), immediately after the online classes (T2), and 3 months later (T4). They will be asked to complete a process evaluation form immediately after the training camp (T3). Each group of teens will have to submit the written proposal and final report regarding the smoke-free programme to COSH at 3 months (T4), respectively.
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Health Services Research
Keywords: Smoke-free; Teens