PET Imaging of Brain mGluR1 Receptors Using [18F]FIMX
Condition: Anxiety Disorder; Major Depressive Disorder
MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Anxiety Disorders
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Objective:

      Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G-protein coupled receptors that respond to
      glutamate by activating proteins inside nerve cells that affect cell metabolism, thereby
      fine-tuning the signals sent between cells to maintain balance in neuronal activity. mGluR
      subtype 1 (mGluR1s) are located in several brain regions, including the cerebellum,
      hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and basal ganglia. mGluR1 activation stimulates phospholipase C,
      resulting in phosphoinositide hydrolysis and increased intracellular calcium levels.
      Successful development of a positron emission tomography (PET) ligand to image mGlurR1 would
      impact clinical management of brain disorders characterized by disruptions in glutamatergic
      transmission, including anxiety and stress disorders, drug addiction, epilepsy, Huntington s
      disease, and Parkinson s disease. However, detailed study of mGluR1s has heretofore been
      hindered by the lack of high affinity and selective ligands for this receptor subtype.

      The present protocol will evaluate the ability of a new PET ligand, [18F]FIMX, to image and
      quantify mGluR1 in the brain of healthy human volunteers. This protocol covers four phases:

        1. Phase 0: screening whole-body scan;

        2. Phase 1: kinetic brain imaging to quantify mGluR1 in brain relative to concurrent
           measurement of the parent radioligand in arterial plasma;

        3. Phase 2: if the tracer is successful in Phase 1, we will estimate radiation-absorbed
           doses of [18F]FIMX by performing whole body imaging;

        4. Phase 3: test-retest analysis of brain binding relative to concurrent measurement of the
           parent radioligand in arterial plasma.

      Study Population:

      Healthy adult female and male volunteers (n=22, ages 18 to 55) will undergo brain or
      whole-body imaging..

      Design:

      This study will begin with a screening whole-body scan to confirm that the radioactivity has
      fairly broad distribution in several organs. For absolute quantification of mGluR1, 22
      healthy controls will have brain PET imaging using [18F]FIMX and an arterial line. Up to 12
      of them will have a test-retest scan. Eight additional subjects will have a whole body PET
      scan for dosimetry, which does not require an arterial line.

      <TAB>

      Outcome Measures

      To assess absolute quantitation of mGluR1 with [18F]FIMX, we will primarily use two outcome
      measures: the identifiability and time stability of distribution volume calculated with
      compartmental modeling. In test-retest study, we will calculate the retest variability. To
      assess whole-body biodistribution and dosimetry of [18F]FIMX we will use the organ
      time-activity curves....
    

Detailed description: 
      Objective:

      Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G-protein coupled receptors that respond to
      glutamate by activating proteins inside nerve cells that affect cell metabolism, thereby
      fine-tuning the signals sent between cells to maintain balance in neuronal activity. mGluR
      subtype 1 (mGluR1s) are located in several brain regions, including the cerebellum,
      hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and basal ganglia. mGluR1 activation stimulates phospholipase C,
      resulting in phosphoinositide hydrolysis and increased intracellular calcium levels.
      Successful development of a positron emission tomography (PET) ligand to image mGlurR1 would
      impact clinical management of brain disorders characterized by disruptions in glutamatergic
      transmission, including anxiety and stress disorders, drug addiction, epilepsy, Huntington s
      disease, and Parkinson s disease. However, detailed study of mGluR1s has heretofore been
      hindered by the lack of high affinity and selective ligands for this receptor subtype.

      The present protocol will evaluate the ability of a new PET ligand, [18F]FIMX, to image and
      quantify mGluR1 in the brain of healthy human volunteers. This protocol covers four phases:

        1. Phase 0: screening whole-body scan;

        2. Phase 1: kinetic brain imaging to quantify mGluR1 in brain relative to concurrent
           measurement of the parent radioligand in arterial plasma;

        3. Phase 2: if the tracer is successful in Phase 1, we will estimate radiation-absorbed
           doses of [18F]FIMX by performing whole body imaging;

        4. Phase 3: test-retest analysis of brain binding relative to concurrent measurement of the
           parent radioligand in arterial plasma.

      Study Population:

      Healthy adult female and male volunteers (n=22, ages 18 to 55) will undergo brain or
      whole-body imaging.

      Design:

      This study will begin with a screening whole-body scan to confirm that the radioactivity has
      fairly broad distribution in several organs. For absolute quantification of mGluR1, 22
      healthy controls will have brain PET imaging using [18F]FIMX and an arterial line. Up to 12
      of them will have a test-retest scan. Eight additional subjects will have a whole body PET
      scan for dosimetry, which does not require an arterial line.

      <TAB>

      Outcome Measures

      To assess absolute quantitation of mGluR1 with [18F]FIMX, we will primarily use two outcome
      measures: the identifiability and time stability of distribution volume calculated with
      compartmental modeling. In test-retest study, we will calculate the retest variability. To
      assess whole-body biodistribution and dosimetry of [18F]FIMX we will use the organ
      time-activity curves.
    

Time perspective: Prospective
Keywords: PET; Metabolic Glutamate Receptors; Brain Imaging