The Effect of Using Projector Kaleidoscope and Matching Card on Children's Fear and Physiological Parameters
Condition: Fear; Child, Only; Respiratory Disease
MeSH terms: Respiratory Tract Diseases; Respiration Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This research was planned as a randomized controlled experimental type to determine the
      effect of using a projector caleidoscope and matching card on children's fear and
      physiological parameters in 3-6-year-old children who were administered inhaler medication.

      According to the power analysis performed for the sample size, the power of the sample was
      calculated with the G*Power 3.1 program in line with the literature. While the amount of Type
      I error was 0.05 and the power of the test was 0.95 (α= 0.05, 1-β= 0.95), the minimal sample
      size was calculated as 105 children (35 children in each group). Considering the possible
      losses from the sample for any reason during the study period, it was planned to increase the
      number of samples by 10% and include 38 children in the study and control groups. The data of
      the research will be collected using the following data collection tools; Child Information
      Form and Fear Rating Scale
    

Detailed description: 
      Discovering ways to reduce/eliminate children's anxiety and fear regarding treatment
      practices will help children experience less fear and stress during these interventions.
      Examples of methods that can be used include watching cartoons, blowing up balloons, making
      bubbles, playing videos or games with virtual reality glasses, listening to music, using a
      caleidoscope, using distraction cards, clown shows, parents trying to divert attention, and
      playing toys.

      Discovering ways to reduce/eliminate children's anxiety and fear regarding treatment
      practices will help children experience less fear and stress during these interventions.

      This research was planned as a randomized controlled experimental type to determine the
      effect of using a projector collets-cope and matching card on children's fear and
      physiological parameters in 3-6-year-old children who were administered inhaler medication.

      Place and Time the Research Was Conducted The research will be conducted in Tarsus State
      Hospital pediatric services. Pediatric 1 ward has 16 beds, the pediatric 2 ward has 20 beds,
      the infant 2 ward has 20 beds, the infant 1 ward has 16 beds and the pediatric surgery ward
      has 16 beds. Hospitalizations are made due to bronchitis, tonsillitis, measles, pneumonia,
      otitis, rheumatoid arthritis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, high fever, urinary tract
      infection, appendicitis, circumcision and scabies.

      After obtaining written consent from the parent of the child to be treated with inhaler
      medication, the parent will be explained about the inhaler medication administration and what
      will be done during the procedure. Then the descriptive information form will be filled out.
      Children's physiological parameters (pulse, blood pressure, respiration, SPO2) will be
      measured before and after the procedure. The parent and nurse will evaluate the child's fear
      score before and after the procedure, which will be recorded in the follow-up form.

      Inhaler drug administration is usually applied 3 times at 20-minute intervals in the clinic.
      While the first inhaler is being administered, the application will be done with the child
      sitting, choosing a mask suitable for his/her face. The child should be given an average of
      10 minutes. After the inhaler medication is given through the mask for a period of time, the
      fear score will be evaluated simultaneously by the nurse and the parent.

      Projector caleidoscope group: Approximately 10 minutes for the child. Inhaler medication will
      be given with a mask that lasts. Before starting the procedure, the child will be introduced
      to the projector caleidoscope. Before the procedure, this device, which looks like a toy,
      will be projected onto the wall to divert attention. The projection will continue throughout
      the inhaler medication administration process. Vital signs (pulse, blood pressure, SPo2,
      respiration) before and after the application, of the Child Fear Scale will be evaluated by
      the researcher and the parent and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the
      researcher.

      Matching card group: Approximately 10 minutes for the child. Inhaler medication will be given
      with a mask that lasts. The child will be allowed to play with the matching cards 2-3 minutes
      before starting the drug treatment and will then be encouraged to play throughout the
      procedure. Vital signs (pulse, blood pressure, SPo2, respiration) before and after the
      application, of the Child Fear Scale will be evaluated by the researcher and the parent and
      recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.

      Control group: The child was given an average of 10 minutes. Inhaler medication will be
      provided with a mask that lasts. Nothing will be shown to the child during the application.
      Vital signs (pulse, blood pressure, SPo2, respiration) before and after the application, of
      the Child Fear Scale will be evaluated by the researcher and the parent and recorded by the
      researcher in the intervention follow-up form.

      Data analysis The data obtained within the scope of the research will be evaluated using the
      Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) 26.0 package program. Number, percentage, mean
      and standard deviation will be used as descriptive statistical methods in the evaluation of
      the data. Normal distribution assumptions will be taken into account in the application of
      hypothesis tests.

      Pearson chi-square test will be applied to determine whether the dependent variables are
      normally distributed according to the groups' characteristics. One Way ANOVA test will be
      used to compare quantitative continuous data between more than two independent groups.
      Repeated measurements within the group will be evaluated with the Repeated Measures test. The
      findings will be evaluated at a 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level.
    

Intervention name(s): Projector colleyscope group; Matching card group
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Projector kaleidoscope will be used in children aged 3-6 who are administered inhaler medication.; Matching card will be used in children aged 3-6 who are administered inhaler medication.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Health Services Research