Cognitive Behavioural Treatment of Intra-oral Injection-phobia in 10-16 Year Old Children and Adolescents
Condition: Dental Anxiety
MeSH terms: Phobic Disorders
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aims of the study: to explore the possible effectiveness of cognitive behavior treatment
      (CBT) among children and adolescents with formally diagnosed intra-oral injection phobia
      (DSM-IV), when performed by specially trained dentists.

      The patients diagnosed with intra-oral injection phobia according to the diagnostic manual
      DSM-IV. The effect of cognitive behavior therapy when performed by specially trained dentists
      will be evaluated. Patients referred to the Centre for Odontophobia, and who meet the
      inclusion criteria, will be allocated to an immediate treatment group (test group) and a
      waiting list group (control group) of 30 subjects in each group. After treatment they will be
      followed up during a 1-year period.

      Hypotheses are formulated based on the literature and previous population and treatment
      studies of similar designs among adults at the Centre for Odontophobia.
    

Detailed description: 
      The aims of the study: to explore the possible effectiveness of cognitive behavior treatment
      (CBT) among children and adolescents with formally diagnosed intra-oral injection phobia
      (DSM-IV), when performed by specially trained dentists.

      The patients diagnosed with intra-oral injection phobia according to the diagnostic manual
      DSM-IV. The effect of cognitive behavior therapy when performed by specially trained dentists
      will be evaluated. Patients referred to the Centre for Odontophobia, and who meet the
      inclusion criteria, will be allocated to an immediate treatment group (test group) and a
      waiting list group (control group) of 30 subjects in each group. After treatment they will be
      followed up during a 1-year period.

      Hypotheses are formulated based on the literature and previous population and treatment
      studies of similar designs among adults at the Centre for Odontophobia.

      Inclusion criteria: referred 10-17-yr-olds (N=60) who refused intra-oral injections due to
      intra-oral injection-phobia. This randomized controlled study consisted of a test group
      (immediate treatment) and a control group (5 weeks waiting list). A diagnostic interview was
      performed by trained clinical psychologists, and 5 sessions of CBT were performed by 4
      specially trained dentists. Each session had a maximum duration of one hour. Assessment at
      pre-treatment, post-treatment and 1-yr follow -up included responses from 4 different
      validated self-report instruments; Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS),
      Blood Phobia Scale (BS), Injection Phobia Scale for Children (IPS-C) and Intra-Oral
      Injection-Phobia Scale (IOIP). Paired sample t-tests were performed on the sumscores of the
      self-report instruments pre- , post waitlist, and post- treatment (n=17).
    

Intervention name(s): 5 session of CBT performed by specially trained dentists
Intervention type(s): Behavioral
Intervention description(s): A total of 60 participants are randomly assigned to a 5-weeks waiting list Control Group or directly enrolled to the 5-session of CBT treatment Group.
The participants in the waiting list Control Group are enrolled to the treatment Group (5 sessions of CBT) after 5 weeks if they still meet the diagnostic criteria of a specific phobia (according to DSM-IV).
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Basic Science
Keywords: intra-oral injections; CBT; Blood-Injury-Injection-phobia; DSM-IV. 300.29