Effects of Different Exercise Programs on Injury Risk and Sports Performance in Adolescent Basketball Players
Condition: Sport Injury
MeSH terms: Wounds and Injuries; Athletic Injuries
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how
      to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a warm-up exercise program for
      basketball. Various warm-up programs, including neuromuscular training, are thought to reduce
      the incidence of lower extremity injuries and improve athletic performance in athletes. There
      are several neuromuscular training programs designed to improve joint position sense,
      increase joint stability, develop protective joint reflexes, and ultimately prevent lower
      extremity injuries. In the literature, there is a need for studies comparing the effects of
      various warm-up programs applied to adolescent licensed basketball players on injury risks
      and basketball-specific sportive performance parameters. Therefore, the aim of the study is
      to examine the effects of different exercise programs on injury risk and sportive performance
      in adolescent basketball players.
    

Detailed description: 
      Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how
      to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a basketball training program.
      It has been stated that injuries in basketball are injuries caused by muscle imbalances.

      Various warm-up programs, including neuromuscular training, have been shown to reduce the
      incidence of lower extremity injuries in athletes. Various neuromuscular training programs
      designed to improve joint position sense, increase joint stability, develop protective joint
      reflexes, and ultimately prevent lower extremity injuries have been explored.

      According to Zazulak et al, a lack of neuromuscular control of body core muscles can lead to
      uncontrolled trunk displacement during movement. Core strength is very important for many
      sports, including basketball, athletics, football, and jumping, to maintain correct posture
      and to perform some daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and stepping. Strong
      core stability helps in transferring high muscle strength. Core muscle function can affect
      structures from the waist to the ankle, and deficiencies in core muscle capacity can increase
      the risk of lower extremity injury.

      In a study by Sannicandro et al in 2020, in which they examined the effect of core stability
      exercises added to the warm-up program in prepubertal basketball players on sprint and jump
      performances, they showed that there was an improvement in jump and sprint performances as a
      result of training given for 4 weeks and 2 sessions per week.

      Benis et al. In 2017, in a study examining the effects of neuromuscular training with
      bodyweight on Y-balance test (YBT) performances in elite female basketball players; It was
      observed that there was an improvement in YBT scores after the 8-week program. The program
      included a sport-specific neuromuscular warm-up designed to improve athletic performance and
      prevent lower extremity injuries. Based on these findings, a neuromuscular training program
      called the "Italian Basketball Injury Prevention Program" was developed.

      Bonato, Benis et al. In the study where they examined the effects of a neuromuscular training
      program, which included lower extremity strength, agility, jumping, and general exercises
      with the ball, which were included in the routine warm-up program in 2017, on the prevention
      of lower extremity injuries in elite female basketball players during the regular season; It
      has been stated that the incidence of lower extremity injuries has decreased.

      Functional movement definition is also very important for athletes. Functional movement is
      the ability to generate and maintain a balance between mobility and stability along the
      kinetic chain while performing basic movement patterns with accuracy and efficiency.
      Performance-based mobility-competence-based tests have been established in recent years to
      identify deficits in neuromuscular status associated with increased risk of injury. In this
      context, it has been seen that the most commonly used tests in the literature are Functional
      Movement Screen (FMS), Y balance test (YBT), trunk stabilization tests, and jump tests.

      When investigators look at the literature, there is a need to investigate various warm-up
      programs that reduce the risk of injury in adolescent licensed basketball players and
      investigate their effects on explosive strength, speed, agility, and balance parameters,
      which are essential for basketball. In this study, in addition to the routine warm-up program
      consisting of programs in which muscle groups are dynamically stretched, one group only
      included core stabilization exercises; The other group will be given programs that include
      exercises to be done with the ball and neuromuscular warm-up exercises with body weight.
    

Intervention name(s): Routine Exercise Program; Core Stability Exercise Program; Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): 8 weeks of routine basketball training will be done. Dynamic stretching exercises, in which large muscle groups are exercised, can be applied for 20 minutes.; In addition to the 8-week routine basketball training, 20 min core stability exercises will be given to the Core Group. Core stability exercises will be performed on the stable surface for the first 4 weeks, and core stability exercises will be performed on unstable surfaces for the next 4 weeks.; Each 20-minute program consists of 5 different parts. The beginning of the program consists of low-speed running exercises with the ball. The running track for each exercise will include 4 basketball court areas. The second part consists of active stretching exercises. The third part consists of exercises focusing on general strength. The fourth part consists of plyometric, balance, and jump exercises. The final section consists of a sprint with sudden changes of direction and basketball movements.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Injury prevention; Exercise; Sports performance; Basketball; Warm up