Azacitidine After Allo Blood And Marrow Transplantation (BMT) for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Condition: Stem Cell Transplantation; Leukemia
MeSH terms: Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 2

Summary: 
      The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if Vidaza (azacitidine) when given to
      patients with CML after an donor stem cell transplant will increase the likelihood of
      achieving a complete remission of CML.
    

Detailed description: 
      Study Drug:

      Azacitidine is designed to block genes in cancer cells that stop the function of the
      tumor-fighting genes. By blocking the "bad" genes, the tumor-fighting genes may be able to
      work better.

      Study Drug Administration and Procedures before the Stem Cell Transplant:

      If you are found to be eligible to take part in this study, you will be given chemotherapy
      before the transplant of donor cells. The chemotherapy is designed to kill leukemia cells and
      will also block your body's ability to reject the donor cells that will be given to you
      during the transplant. You will receive the chemotherapy on the days before the transplant.
      You will receive the transplant on Day 0.

      This low-level test dose of busulfan is to check how fast busulfan is processed by your body
      and cleared from your blood. This information will help the doctor decide the dose of
      busulfan you will receive. You may receive the busulfan test dose as an outpatient during the
      week before you are admitted to the hospital or as an inpatient on Day -8 (8 days before your
      stem cell transplant).

      About 11 samples of blood (about 1 teaspoon each time) will be drawn for pharmacokinetic (PK)
      testing. PK testing measures the amount of study drug in the body at different time points.
      These blood samples will be drawn at various times before you receive busulfan and over the
      next 11 hours. These blood draws will be repeated again on the first day of high-dose
      busulfan treatment (Day -5).

      A heparin lock line (small IV line) will be placed in your vein to lower the number of needle
      sticks needed for these draws. If it is not possible for the PK tests to be performed for
      technical or scheduling reasons, you will receive the standard fixed dose of busulfan.

      On Days -5 through -2, you will receive fludarabine by vein over 1 hour, then busulfan by
      vein over 3 hours.

      If you are going to be receiving a transplant from an unrelated donor, or if you have a donor
      that is mismatched, you will also receive antithymocyte globulin (ATG) by vein over 4 hours
      on the 3 days before the transplant. This drug is designed to further weaken your immune
      system to reduce the risk of rejecting of the transplant.

      Stem Cell Transplant:

      After the blood-forming cells are collected from the donor, they will be given to you by
      vein. You will be given standard drugs to help decrease the risk of side effects. You may ask
      the study staff for information about how the drugs are given and their risks.

      Drugs to Prevent Infections:

      You will receive several drugs to help the stem cell transplant work and to help decrease the
      risks of infections while your immune system is weak. Tacrolimus and methotrexate will be
      given to decrease the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a problem that may occur if
      the donor's immune cells fight your body.

        -  Tacrolimus will be started 2 days before the transplant and will continue for as long as
           your doctor thinks is necessary. This is usually 3-12 months, but may be longer if you
           develop GVHD. Tacrolimus is given by vein non-stop until you are able to eat. Once you
           can eat, it will be given by mouth.

        -  Methotrexate is given by vein over about 15-30 minutes on Days 1, 3, 6, and 11.

      Several drugs will also be given to decrease the risk of other infections. Some of these
      antibiotics are given by vein, and some are given as pills. The length of time that you will
      take the antibiotics will vary. Your doctor will describe this to you in more detail.

      Study Drug Administration after the Stem Cell Transplant:

      You will receive azacitidine as an injection under the skin once a day over 5 days in a row,
      starting about 5 weeks after the transplant. This may be repeated once a month for up to 4
      months after the transplant. You will have about 23 days of "rest" between each cycle of
      treatment (a cycle is the period of 28 days). If intolerable side effects occur, treatment
      with azacitidine may be interrupted or stopped altogether.

      Study Visits:

      You will be in the hospital for about 3-4 weeks after the transplant. You will have check-ups
      every day until you leave the hospital. After you leave, the number of study visits will
      vary, depending on your condition.

      You will have bone marrow aspirations collected before chemotherapy, around 1, 6, and 12
      months after the transplant. To collect a bone marrow aspirate, an area of the hip bone is
      numbed with anesthetic, and a small amount of bone marrow is withdrawn through a large
      needle. The bone marrow samples will be used to check the status of the disease and to learn
      the way azacitidine works.

      Blood (about 2 teaspoons each time) will be drawn to learn about patterns of a process called
      methylation. Methylation is a process by which the body may turn "on and off" certain genes.
      Blood will be drawn at the following times:

        -  At baseline.

        -  Before the stem cell transplant (Day 0).

        -  Six (6), 9, and 12 months after the transplant.

        -  Before you receive your first dose of azacitidine (Day 1 of each cycle).

        -  After you receive the last dose of azacitidine (Day 5 of each cycle).

      Blood (about 8 teaspoons each time) will be drawn to learn about the body's immune system
      recovery, at the following times:

        -  Cycle 1- Day 1

        -  Cycle 1 - Day 14

        -  Cycle 3 - Day 1

      Length of Study:

      You will remain on study for up to 1 year. You may be taken off study early if the disease
      gets worse or intolerable side effects occur.

      This is an investigational study. Azacitidine is FDA approved and commercially available in
      patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Its use in patients with CML is investigational. All
      other drugs used in this study are FDA approved and commercially available.

      Up to 57 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at MD Anderson.
    

Intervention name(s): Fludarabine; Busulfan; Thymoglobulin; Azacitidine; Stem Cell Transplant
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Procedure
Intervention description(s): 40 mg/m^2 by vein over 60 minutes on Day -5 through Day -2.; Busulfan administered at the dose calculated to achieve an area under curve (AUC) of 4000 µMol-min + 12% based on the pharmacokinetic studies (days -5, -4, -3, and -2).; 2.5 mg/kg by vein over about 4-6 hours on Day -3 through Day -1.; Start cycles of 32 mg/m^2 daily as an injection under the skin once a day over 5 days in a row, starting about 5 weeks after the transplant. This may be repeated once a month for up to 4 months after the transplant.; Stem cell infusion on day 0 administered by vein after collected from donor.
Other intervention name(s): Fludarabine Phosphate; Busulfex; Myleran; Antithymocyte globulin; ATG; 5-Azacitidine; 5-Aza; 5-AZC; Ladakamycin; NSC-102816; Vidaza; allotx; allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Intervention MeSH terms: Fludarabine; Fludarabine phosphate; Azacitidine; Busulfan; Thymoglobulin; Antilymphocyte Serum
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; CML; Donor stem cell transplant; Allogeneic stem cell transplantation; Stem cell transplant; ATG; Antithymocyte globulin; Vidaza; Azacitidine; 5-Azacitidine; 5-Aza; 5-AZC; Ladakamycin; NSC-102816; allotx; Busulfan; Busulfex; Myleran; Fludarabine; Fludarabine Phosphate; Tacrolimus; Methotrexate; Azacitidine maintenance therapy; molecular remission; HLA compatible donor; Engraftment; Chimerism; Graft vs host disease; GVHD