Effects of Daily Eating Duration on Health
Condition: Body Weight Maintenance; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases
MeSH terms: Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study would recruit about 50 healthy adult women and randomly divide the participants
      into two groups for a ten-week crossover intervention study. The investigators aimed to
      observe the impact of daily feeding/fasting time on clinical metabolic biomarkers.
    

Detailed description: 
      Many nutritional epidemiological studies conducted among various population groups (Cohort
      study, RCT study) found that chrono-nutrition factors such as morning fasting, functional
      supplements like fish oils, intermittent fasting, and time-restricted feeding were related to
      weight management, cardiovascular metabolism, blood glucose, and blood lipid metabolism. Some
      dietary intervention studies have found its effect on weight loss, sleep improvement, blood
      glucose improvement, insulin sensitivity, β cell reactivity, blood pressure, oxidative
      stress, and appetite improvement. This intervention study aims to investigate changes in
      chronic disease risk factors according to the daily meal exposure time (from the first meal
      to the last meal or snack) in healthy adult women.

      The subjects of this study are healthy adult women aged the 30s - 40s with a body mass index
      (BMI) of 23 kg/m2 or a body fat rate of 28% or higher and would be excluded if the
      participants have inconsistent eating patterns or weight changes of 5% or more over the past
      three months, are pregnant or breastfeeding, are heavy drinkers (alcohol intake of 10 g/day,
      300 cc), and are smokers.

      A total of 10 weeks of intervention are conducted. Two meal exposure time groups are
      performed for four weeks each, and there is a two-week wash-out between different exposure
      times. The total meal period per day would be limited to 8 hours ± 30 minutes for the TRF
      group, and 14 hours ± 30 minutes for the EXF group. Each group will be divided into early
      type (before 10 a.m.) and late type (after 10 a.m.) depending on the participants' first meal
      timing and will be changed to another group in the second intervention period. During the
      10-week study, blood (to collect genetic information related to blood lipids, blood sugar,
      10ml) and urine (to collect metabolic indicators such as urine sodium, 15ml) samples would be
      collected four times.

      Changes in evaluation variables (body composition indicators, urine indicators, or blood
      indicators) before and after each intervention period will be tested using the paired t-test.
      The association between meal time and changes in biomarkers will be tested by ANOVA using a
      mixed model. The analysis would be adjusted for covariates related to lifestyle (sleeping
      time, physical activity level, smoking status) and chrono-nutrition-related genetic
      information.
    

Intervention name(s): time extended feeding; time restricted feeding
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Total feeding time (from the first meal or snack to the last meal or snack) is assigned as 14 hours per day.; Total feeding time (from the first meal or snack to the last meal or snack) is assigned as 8 hours per day.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single (Investigator)
Primary purpose: Prevention