Hip Abductor Strengthening With Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
Condition: Sports Physical Therapy
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Objectives: To compare effectiveness of strengthening hip abductors with Proprioceptive
      Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) technique and Range Of Motion (ROM) exercises on core
      endurance and functional performance in healthy adults using theraband.

      Methods: 66 sedentary healthy, male volunteers between ages 20-26 (mean age 21,68± 1,37
      years) participated in study. PNF, ROM exercises applied with theraband include intervention
      groups. Theraband strengthening exercises were applied 3 days a week for 6 weeks, a total of
      18 sessions. Intervention groups were compared with healthy control group. Participants hip
      abductor muscle strength was assessed with hand held dynamometer, lower extremity balance
      with y test, core endurance with flexor, extensor, right, left side endurance tests, global
      core stability with single leg squat test at baseline and at 6 weeks after exercise program.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial and conducted according to the
      Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Clinical Trials
      (21.05.2019/10). All participants were informed about the study and their written consent was
      obtained. Participants were randomly divided into three groups using the sealed envelope
      method (on the evaluation day, participants chose one of the sealed envelopes and determined
      the treatment group). Group I comprised the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
      group, Group II the Range of Motion(ROM) group, and Group III the Control (CG) group.
      Evaluations were made at baseline and at sixth week. Male participants between the ages of 20
      and 26 years, were included in the study. Participants age, body mass index (BMI), dominant
      extremity were recorded as descriptive data.

      Muscle strength assessment: Bilateral hip abductor isometric strength was assessed using a
      Hand-held Dynamometer (HHD) (Commander Power Track II; JTECH Medical Industries, Salt Lake
      City, UT) using the maximal isometric strength standard protocol. The participant was asked
      to 30 degree hip abduct by stabilizing the pelvis in the side lying position. Three
      measurements were made by placing the dynamometer pad 10 cm proximal to the lateral
      epicondyle of the femur, and the average value was recorded in kilograms.

      Balance assesment: It was done with Y balance test. While maintaining their balance on the
      dominant extremity on the test platform, the participants were asked to reach out in 3
      directions (anterior-posterior, postero-medial and postero-lateral) with the tip of the other
      foot. 3 repetitions were made for each direction, and rest intervals of 15 seconds were
      given. The mean score was recorded in cm. The lower extremity length of the participants was
      determined by measuring the distance between the anterior superior spina iliaca and the
      medial malleolus with a tape measure in the supine position. Composite scoring was obtained
      by multiply with one hundred the reach in all directions and dividing by three leg lengths.

      Global (functional) core assessment: It was done with the single leg squat test. Participants
      were asked to perform one-leg squats at 45 degree knee flexion in 30 seconds, and the number
      of squats was recorded.

      Core endurance assessment: Participants were evaluated with trunk flexion endurance,
      extension endurance and lateral bridge endurance tests, and the results were recorded in
      seconds.
    

Intervention name(s): Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercises; The Range Of Motion exercises
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The PNF group performed flexion-abduction-internal rotation and extension-abduction-internal rotation patterns as 15 repetitions, 2 sets. The metronome was used to fix the construction speed of the exercises (50bpm). PNF exercises were performed with EB at a metronome speed of 50bpm at a ratio of 1:2 sec. In other words, while transition from the antagonist to agonist pattern in 3 clicks, there was return from agonist to antagonist in 6 clicks.; The ROM group performed hip flexion abduction, neutral abduction and extension abduction exercises with an EB at 50bpm metronome speed in 3 sets of 10 repetitions. In both groups, 30 seconds of rest was given between exercises.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Participants were randomly divided into three groups using the sealed envelope method (on the evaluation day, participants chose one of the sealed envelopes and determined the treatment group). Group I comprised the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) group, Group II the Range of Motion(ROM) group, and Group III the Control (CG) group. Evaluations were made at baseline and at sixth week.
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Supportive Care
Keywords: Exercise; Muscle strenght; Balance