The Metabolic Effects of Consuming Carbohydrate With Different Protein Types
Condition: Metabolic Diseases
MeSH terms: Metabolic Diseases
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study aims to find out how consuming different proteins with rice affect metabolism.
      Most meals the investigators eat predominantly consist of a carbohydrate and protein (i.e.
      rice, noodles, bread etc with meats or seafood). However, it is still unknown how consuming
      different proteins with commonly eaten carbohydrates affect metabolism. Previous studies have
      shown that proteins stimulate hormones such as insulin, glucagon and gut hormones. However,
      the extent of the response depends on protein type. The metabolic responses to carbohydrates
      have also been shown to be greatly affected when they are eaten with proteins. However, most
      of the previous studies have used glucose as the carbohydrate and it is still unknown how
      eating proteins with carbohydrate foods such as rice affect metabolism. Therefore, this study
      has been initiated to determine the metabolic effects of eating different protein types with
      rice. Using the most common carbohydrate eaten in Asia (rice) and four commonly eaten protein
      foods (egg, chicken, fish and beancurd), this study aims to observe the metabolic effects of
      co-ingesting proteins and carbohydrate. The resulting data will provide valuable insights
      into the metabolic effects of protein-carbohydrate meals and will be useful in the
      development of practical advice and dietary guidelines for those with chronic diseases (such
      as diabetes and obesity).
    

Detailed description: 
      The study will recruit 20 healthy Chinese male subjects from the general public over a period
      of one year. The test foods will be rice, rice with egg, rice with fish, rice with chicken
      and rice with beancurd.Potential participants will have to come on one morning in an
      overnight fasted state for consenting and screening procedures. Only those fulfilling the
      inclusion and exclusion criteria will be admitted into the study. Each participant will be
      required to come on 5 non-consecutive days, with each session lasting approximately 4 hours.
      On each day, participants will arrive at the laboratory between 8-9 am following an overnight
      fast. An indwelling catheter will be inserted into a vein in their forearm or antecubital
      fossa and kept patent. Baseline blood samples will be obtained after which they will be given
      the test food to consume. Further blood samples will be taken at periodic intervals for the
      subsequent 3.5 hours. Blood samples will be taken every 15 minutes in the first 60 minutes
      and every 30 minutes for the remaining 150 minutes. At every time point blood samples will be
      extracted from a finger prick (for measuring glucose) and from the cannula (for measuring all
      other metabolites). At the same time points subjects will have to fill in visual analogue
      scales on feelings of hunger and satiety.
    

Intervention name(s): White rice; Rice with chicken breast; Rice with fish; Rice with egg white; Rice with beancurd
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Control - white rice; Treatment 1 - steamed white rice with steamed chicken breast; Treatment 2 - steamed white rice with steamed fish; Treatment 3 - steamed white rice with egg white; Treatment 4 - steamed white rice with steamed beancurd
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Other