PNF and Gait Training on Balance and Gait in Diabetic Neueopathy Patients
Condition: Diabetic Neuropathies
MeSH terms: Diabetic Neuropathies
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      To determine the effects of PNF and Gait Training Exercises on Balance and Gait in diabetic
      neuropathy patients . 40 patients will be explained in detail about the study procedure.
      Informed consent will be taken. Patients will be divided in two groups each consisting of 20
      people.

      Subjects will be evaluated using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Questionnaire (screening
      tool) . One group will be tested by PNF techniques and the second group will be tested by
      Gait Training exercises.

      Balance will be assessed by Berg Balance scale (BBS) and Tinetti scale before, during and
      after the study to assess risk of fall and injury. Gait will be assessed by Dynamic Gait
      index in the same manner. All patients will be followed up with the therapist regularly twice
      a week for 30 minutes session each for a duration of 8 weeks.
    

Detailed description: 
      Objective To determine the effects of PNF and Gait Training Exercises on Balance and Gait in
      diabetic neuropathy patients Hypothesis Null hypothesis : There is no difference between PNF
      and Gait Training Exercises.

      Alternative hypothesis : There is difference between PNF and Gait Training Exercises

      Methodology (Design, sample size, sampling technique, inclusion and exclusion criteria and
      tool) Study design: This study is Randomized Clinical Trial Sample size: Sample size will be
      40 (Two groups of 20 each) Assumed standard deviation=6.5 Confidence interval= 0.95 Desired
      precision=2 Calculated by epitool. Sampling technique: Convenient sampling will be used to
      collect data. Study design setting: Data will be conducted from Hospital wards and Outpatient
      departments

      Inclusion Criteria:

      Both male and female in the age group Patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1, Type
      2), suffering From effects of diabetic neuropathy such as Gait instability, imbalance,
      numbness, tingling, Paresthesia in lower limbs for a duration of at least three months.

        -  HbA1c more than 7 from 6 months.

        -  Score higher than 7 out of 15 in the Michigan Neuropathy questionnaire scale and
           Examination score higher than 2.5.

      Exclusion Criteria:

        -  Patients suffering from significant CNS dysfunctions.

        -  Musculoskeletal deformities

        -  Vestibular dysfunction

        -  Internal ear infections

        -  Complete sensory loss

        -  Hypoglycemia

        -  Lower extremity arthritis or pain that limits standing or weight bearing. Data
           collection procedure All 40 patients will be explained in detail about the study
           procedure. Informed consent will be taken. Patients will be divided in two groups each
           consisting of 20 people.

      Subjects will be evaluated using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Questionnaire (screening
      tool) . One group will be tested by PNF techniques and the second group will be tested by
      Gait Training exercises.

      PNF techniques will comprise of Warm up, Rhythmic stabilization, Hold Relax, Contract Relax
      and light exercises and performed on three muscle groups ( Hamstring, Quad and Calf).

      Gait Training exercises will comprise of One Foot Balancing, Leg raises, Heel raises,
      Tight-rope Walking.

      Balance will be assessed by Berg Balance scale (BBS) and Tinetti scale before, during and
      after the study to assess risk of fall and injury. Gait will be assessed by Dynamic Gait
      index in the same manner. All patients will be followed up with the therapist regularly twice
      a week for 30 minutes session each for a duration of 8 weeks.
    

Intervention name(s): Pnf exercises; Gait training exercises
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): PNF techniques will comprise of Warm up, Rhythmic stabilization, Hold Relax, Contract Relax and light exercises and performed on three muscle groups ( Hamstring, Quad and Calf).
20 participants will be followed up with the therapist regularly twice a week for 30 minutes session each for a duration of 8 weeks.; gait Training exercises comprised of one foot balancing, leg raises, heel raises, tight-rope walking. 20 participants will be followed up with the therapist regularly twice a week for 30 minutes session each for a duration of 8 weeks.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: PNF; DGI; BBS; TAT; MNSI