Therapeutic Implications of Acutaping on Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy
Condition: Nausea; Vomiting of Pregnancy
MeSH terms: Nausea; Vomiting
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      This study will answer the following research question:

      Is acutaping has therapeutic implications on symptoms of nausea and vomiting during
      pregnancy?
    

Detailed description: 
      Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) are common symptoms, with prevalence rate from 50%
      to 90% . NVP symptoms often appear between weeks 5 and 6, peak at 8 to 9 weeks, and subside
      between weeks 16 and 20 .Long-term morning sickness during pregnancy increases the incidence
      of postpartum depression symptoms in women and severe NVP increases the chance of low birth
      weight .

      NVP is multifactorial and the most common causes potentially including hormone imbalances,
      placental disorders, and genetic causes . Genetic factors, Evidence in support of a genetic
      predisposition to nausea and vomiting of pregnancy includes the following: (a) the
      concordance in frequency of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy in monozygotic twins ; (b) the
      finding that siblings and mothers of patients affected with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy
      are more likely to be affected than relatives of unaffected individuals ; (c) the variation
      in frequency between ethnic groups; (d) the higher frequency of nausea and vomiting of
      pregnancy in patients with predisposing conditions that are genetically determined such as
      taste sensation; and (e) the occurrence of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy in women with
      inherited glycoprotein hormone receptor defects.

      The fundamental stimulus-a placental product, the triggering factor for nausea and vomiting
      of pregnancy has not been identified, although human chorionic gonadotropin and estrogens
      have been implicated. The principle reason for considering human chorionic gonadotropin
      initially was the close temporal association between peak human chorionic gonadotropin
      concentrations and peak nausea and vomiting of pregnancy symptoms. Conditions associated with
      higher human chorionic gonadotropin production are associated with nausea and vomiting of
      pregnancy. These include multiple gestation with hyperemesis gravidarum 4 to 5 times more
      common than in singletons .

      Whatever the specific trigger, the emetic response is fundamentally the same: there is a
      marked reduction in gastric tone and motility followed by a retrograde giant contraction
      moving small intestinal contents into the stomach. Thereafter, contractions of the diaphragm
      and abdominal muscles combine with relaxation of the gastroesophageal sphincter to facilitate
      passage of gastrointestinal contents .

      Although there are several pharmacological treatments for NVP, many medical professionals and
      expectant mothers prefer non-pharmacological therapy over pharmacological ones because of
      worry for their impact on foetal outcomes .

      For years, traditional Chinese acupuncture has been promoted as a helpful antiemetic . An
      alternative treatment for preventing nausea and vomiting is acupressure .

      Kinesio tape is an elastic therapeutic tape that is drug free and used to treat a range of
      musculoskeletal issues, including dysfunction, pain, and injury and a variety of other
      disorders .When compared to normal drugs alone, kinesio taping on the stomach area is more
      successful at relieving nausea and vomiting in emesis gravidarum patients .

      In acutaping, acupressure/acupuncture and kinesio taping are used to treat internal and
      gynecological issues like nausea and vomiting during pregnancy by stimulating acupressure
      points with kinesio tape .

      Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is a very common disorder reported in 70-80% of all pregnant
      women . The extent of vomiting may be so profound that weight loss, electrolyte imbalance,
      and dehydration requiring hospitalisation result . Women with nausea and vomiting during
      pregnancy and nausea only during pregnancy had proteinuria and preeclampsia than the symptom
      free women .NVP also has a significant detrimental impact on quality of life (QoL) ,
      especially affecting physical QoL and work function. This impact is evident across the
      spectrum of NVP, but significantly worse with more severe symptoms .

      Studies have repeatedly shown that there is a high perception of teratogenic risk among
      pregnant and planning women regarding medication use in pregnancy , and that this is also
      true for NVP , which is experienced by the vast majority of pregnant women.

      There are many studies using acustimulation on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women
      including acupressure, acupuncture, and electrical stimulation.The stimulation of this point
      can also be done by dry cupping and also auriculotherapy used for NVP .

      There is no study about the potential therapeutic implication of acutaping on nausea and
      vomiting during pregnancy, so our study will be used to detect this therapeutic implication
      of acutaping.
    

Intervention name(s): Acutaping; Doxylamine and Pyridoxine
Intervention type(s): Other; Drug
Intervention description(s): Application of the kinesio tape on finger and forearm flexor tape after localization of the acupoints of application; traditional medical treatment for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy
Intervention MeSH terms: Pyridoxine; Doxylamine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups; group (A) will receive acutaping in addition to traditional medical treatment (Doxylamine and Pyridoxine) while group (B) will receive traditional medical treatment(Doxylamine and Pyridoxine) only.
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment