Effects of Closed and Open Kinetic Chain Exercises
Condition: Osteo Arthritis Knee
MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis, Knee
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous pathology characterized by focal cartilage
      degeneration and the formation of new bone around the subchondral bone and joint, which is
      the disruption of balance between the processes of destruction and repair in subchondral
      area. Knee OA is a considerable cause of disability and is present in 2-3% of all disability
      causes. Exercises are more noticeable than other methods because they are an easy method, low
      cost and long-lasting. To the best of our knowledge, the studies based on this topic are
      scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of open and closed
      kinetic chain exercises on pain, functional level, quality of life and muscle strength in
      patients with knee osteoarthritis.
    

Detailed description: 
      Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous pathology characterized by degeneration of the
      posterior focal cartilage and the formation of new bone around the subchondral bone and
      joint, which is the disruption of the balance between the processes of destruction and repair
      of the joint cartilage and subchondral region. Radiologically, OA was reported in the
      majority of people over 65 years old and in 80% of those over 75 years old. OA is the most
      common joint disease in the world. Knee OA is an important health problem due to pain,
      functional disability and reduced quality of life in patients. Studies have shown that knee
      OA is associated with inadequacy and pain associated with decreased quadriceps muscle
      strength. Strengthening education has been shown to have positive effects on OA.

      Knee OA is a significant disability cause and is present in 3% of all disability causes. OA
      causes disability and consequent labor loss and economic loss. Therefore, OA therapy gains
      importance. OA therapy is classified under three headings as pharmacological methods,
      non-pharmacological methods and surgical methods. In non-pharmacological methods, there are a
      number of studies showing the effectiveness of exercise in particular. Because it is an easy
      method, the cost is low and it is applicable for a long time, the exercises are more
      important than other methods. The literature on exercise programs with optimal gains for knee
      osteoarthritis has not yet been established, with numerous studies reporting the importance
      of different types of exercise for the treatment of knee OA in the literature. Open kinetic
      chain exercises are frequently used to strengthen the quadriceps muscle. Closed kinetic chain
      exercises have been shown to increase muscle strength and improve proprioceptive function by
      activating more muscle spindle and joint proprioceptors. In literature, there are researches
      that compare closed and open kinetic chain exercises. However, these studies mostly focus on
      exercises after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The aim of this study was to
      compare the effects of open and closed kinetic chain exercises on pain, functional level,
      quality of life and muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
    

Intervention name(s): Closed Cinetic Chain Exercises; Open Kinetic Chain Exercises; Control Group
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Sit to stand, mini squat, anterior lunge, step up exercises are performed as Closed Cinetic Chain Exercises.; Isometric quadriceps, isotonic quadriceps, hip extension and hip adduction exercises are performed as Open Kinetic Chain Exercises.; Control Group was followed up by conservative treatment and home program for 12 weeks and they were asked to apply the home program three days in a week. Exercise brochure was handed out for home program. Quadriceps strength and harmstring stretch exercises were applied.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: Randomized
Masking: Single (Care Provider)
Primary purpose: Treatment