An Analysis of Kinesio® Tape on Mitigation of Dynamic Knee Valgus
Condition: Knee Valgus
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Participants will completed a 5 minute warm-up on a stationary bike. Next, participants will
      perform 3 practice trials of the double leg jump landing (DJL) test off of a 30 cm box. In
      order for the trial to count the participants need to maintain their landing posture for at
      least 2 seconds, if they are unable to do so the trial will be repeated.

      After the completion of three practice trials of the DJL test, the first taping condition
      will be applied. Each participant will receive 3 taping conditions to the dominant leg, a
      gluteus medius facilitation (GM), a spiral technique (ST), and no tape (NT). The order of
      conditions will be randomized.

      The use of a no tape condition will act a control for both the jumping protocol and the
      Y-balance test. For this condition, no tape or intervention of any kind will be applied to
      the subject before completing either tasks. Regardless of the order of randomly assigned
      taping condition, the participant will rest 10 minutes in a non-weight bearing position
      before completing a round of testing.

      During the 10-minute rest, 3D motion analysis sensors will be placed on the participant to
      assess hip internal rotation and knee valgus in the frontal plane. After the sensors are
      applied, the first follow-up Y Balance Test will be completed.

      Each participant will complete the Y Balance Test 3 times, once for each condition. For the
      trial to count, the reach foot is not permitted to touch the floor and the hands have to
      remain stationary on the pelvis. If the participant fails to meet the testing criteria, the
      trial will be repeated. At the end of the trial, each testing direction distance will be
      written down and a mean score will be calculated.

      Following the first Y balance test, three DJL tests will be performed, each separated by a
      60-second rest period. Once the participant completes 3 approved trials, the first taping
      condition will be removed and the procedure will be repeated for the second and third taping
      procedures.
    

Detailed description: 
      The facilitative gluteus medius application was applied from origin to insertion of the
      muscle, as specified by Dr. Kase (2013). The subject was positioned in side-lying with the
      dominant leg facing up. The CKTP cut a Y-strip of Kinesio® Tex Classic Tape the same distance
      from the participant's ASIS to the greater trochanter of the femur. The tape was anchored at
      the ASIS with no tension followed by the participant moving into approximately 90° hip
      flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. Then, each tail of the Y-strip was applied at 25%
      tension towards the greater trochanter where it was anchored again with no tension. Following
      application, the participant was instructed to remain in a position of comfort for 10 minutes
      before continuing with the study protocol.

      The second taping condition utilized is a spiral technique (ST), applied with Kinesio® Tex
      Performance Plus Tape. Participant positioning included standing in an open-packed,
      double-leg stance with feet approximately hip width apart. The CKTP anchored an I-strip of
      tape with no tension on the participant's medial aspect of the middle, tibia. With a
      stabilizing hand on the anchor, the practitioner pulled the tape with 75-100% tension and
      applied towards the lateral aspect of the tibiofemoral joint, Once the tape moved to the
      posterior side of the knee, the CKTP reduced the tension to 0% over the popliteal fossa so as
      to reduce skin tearing and provide another mechanism for pulling the knee out of valgum. When
      the tape crossed diagonally over the popliteal fossa, the CKTP again employed at 75-100%
      tension from the medial femoral condyle to the vastus lateralis. The tape was then secured to
      the posterior thigh with an anchor at 0% tension. Thus, the tape created a spiral shape up
      the participants' leg. Again, the subject was directed to rest comfortably in a non-weight
      bearing position for 10 minutes.
    

Intervention name(s): Kinesio Tape
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Gluteus medius facilitation and knee spiral taping techniques will be applied to treat dynamic knee valgus
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment