Perineal Massage and Warm Application in Labor
Condition: Perineal Injury; Pain; Labor
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The aim of this study is to determine the effect of perineal massage and warm compress
      application at first and second stage of labor on perineal trauma, pain and delivery comfort.
    

Detailed description: 
      Perineal trauma is the damage caused by rupture, laceration or episiotomy during birth.
      Birth-related perineal trauma can lead to many short and long-term physical and psychological
      morbidities that affect the woman's life. Problems such as pain, bleeding and delay in the
      attachment of mother and newborn appear in the early postpartum period. In the following
      period problems such as prolapse, incontinence, sexual dysfunction and anxiety may be
      experienced.

      This randomised controlled study was executed at a research hospital between May 2018 -
      September 2019. The sample of study is made consisted of three intervention groups and a
      control group of total 120 pregnant women by randomisation method. Perineal massage, perineal
      warm compress application, perineal massage and warm compress was done to the intervention
      groups respectively. Nothing was done to the control group. Perineal massage was given for 10
      minutes, warm compress application was done 30 minutes three times when cervical dilatation
      3-4 cm, 5-7 cm and 8-10 cm respectively. The data was collected by using Socio-Demographic
      and Obstetric Data Collection Form, First and Second Stage of Labor Stage Data Collection
      Form, Childbirth Comfort Scale, Newborn Data Collection Form, Perineal Trauma and Bleeding
      Monitorisation/ Measurement Form, Visual Analogue Scale, Birth Satisfaction Scale and
      Perineal Massage and Perineal Warm Compress Application Satisfaction Evaluation Form. When
      evaluating the data; number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, ANOVA Test, Tukey
      Test, Kruskal Wallis Test, Paired Sample T Test, Friedman Test, Ki-Square Test and Fisher's
      Exact was used.
    

Intervention name(s): Perineal Massage Group; Perineal Warm Compress Application Group; Perineal Massage and Perineal Warm Compress Application Group
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): While the pregnant woman was in the lithotomy position, massage was applied with two fingers and rhythmic U-shaped movements starting from the side walls 3-4 cm inside the vagina and towards the rectum. This implementation was done for 10 minutes in three stages according to cervical dilatation. It was applied when the cervical dilatation was 3-4 cm, 5-7 cm, and 8-10 cm.; Sterile compresses kept in hot water of 40 C were placed on the perineum. Compresses that cooled down and became dirty were changed every 5-8 minutes. This implementation was done for 30 minutes in three stages according to cervical dilatation. It was applied when the cervical dilatation was 3-4 cm, 5-7 cm, and 8-10 cm.; When the cervical dilatation was 3-4 cm, 30 minutes of warm compress and 10 minutes of perineal massage were performed. These two methods were applied when the cervical dilatation was 5-7 cm and 8-10 cm as well .
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Prevention
Keywords: Labor; Perineal massage; Perineal warm compress; Perineal Trauma