Chronic Kidney Disease in Teenagers With Congenital Cardiac Disease
Condition: Chronic Kidney Failure; Congenital Heart Defects
MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Renal Insufficiency; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Heart Diseases; Heart Defects, Congenital
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The prevalence of chronic kidney injury (CKD) following cardiac surgery during childhood is
      not known, but there is evidence of CKD in young adults. In the present study assumption is
      made that CKD can already by diagnosed in patients at or just before adolescence, and the aim
      is calculate its prevalence according to the KDIGO criteria by a cross-sectional study, which
      will enroll patients aged 10 to 15 years. The second hypothesis is that events occurring
      peri-operatively during initial surgery or during follow-up could by chart review and
      regression analysis.
    

Detailed description: 
      Background. Acute kidney injury is a common complication of cardiac surgery in children. The
      prevalence of chronic kidney injury (CKD) following cardiac surgery during childhood is not
      known. The only study published to date is that of Dimopoulos et al., who has estimated the
      prevalence of CKD in young adults with congenital cardiac diseases at 40% and the prevalence
      of stage 2 CKD at 6% (Dimopoulos, Circulation 2008). The study by Dimopoulos et al. also
      showed that CKD was a risk factor of death in this population. Objectives. In the present
      study assumption is made that CKD can already by diagnosed in patients at or just before
      adolescence, and the aim is calculate its prevalence. The second hypothesis is that events
      occurring peri-operatively during initial surgery or during follow-up could be predictive of
      CKD.

      Methodology. The study has been approved by the Ethical Committee of our institution, and is
      founded by the Departement de la Recherche Clinique et du Developpement, AP-HP, Paris This is
      a prospective observational cross-sectional study which will enroll patients 10 to 15 years
      with congenital cardiac diseases, who have undergone surgical repair during childhood. Only
      patients who have undergone surgery and follow-up at our institution will be enrolled, to
      insure complete data. The patients will receive complete information about the study by mail
      that will be send home prior to the appointment for the cardiologic follow-up. After parental
      and patient consent, a sample of blood and urine will be collected for purpose of the study.
      CKD will be diagnosed according to the KDIGO criteria in children (Hogg, Pediatrics 2003). In
      case of CKD, patients will be informed and given an appointment for nephrological support and
      follow-up at our institution. The prevalence and stage of CKD will be calculated after
      completion of inclusions. The risk factors of CKD will be identified retrospectively by chart
      review and regression analysis.
    

Intervention name(s): blood and urine samples
Intervention type(s): Biological
Intervention description(s): A blood sample and urine sample will be collected for purpose of the study. CKD (Chronic kidney injury) will be diagnosed according to the KDIGO criteria in children.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Patients 10 to 15 years old with congenital cardiac diseases
      
Biospecimen description: 
      sample of blood and urine
    
Keywords: Kidney Failure, Chronic; Adolescent; Heart Defects, Congenital