bioihbjkbjnl/mcl2 huggingface dataset:
Stress Hormones and IUDs
Condition: Contraception; Mood Change
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      Determine what kind of side effects women experience in the first year after they start using
      an intrauterine device.
    

Detailed description: 
      The purpose of this study is to find out if there is a difference in levels of stress
      hormones in women who use copper or hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs). This study will
      provide more information on the potential effect of levonorgestrel intrauterine system
      (LNG-IUS) use on an individual's stress response. Ultimately, this study hopes to provide
      data to better counsel women on potential mood effects of the LNG-IUS. From a research and
      clinical management perspective, hair cortisol may provide a tool to evaluate women at risk
      for discontinuation of hormonal contraception due to concern of mood symptoms.
    

Intervention name(s): Mirena; Paraguard
Intervention type(s): Device; Device
Intervention description(s): A radio-opaque T-shaped polyethylene device containing 52mg of levonorgestrel dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane on its stem. The progestin is released at a rate of 15 mcg per day.; A T-shaped polyethylene device with 380 mm2 of exposed surface area of fine copper wire wound around its arms and stem. Barium sulfate has been added to the polyethylene frame to make the device radio-opaque. A 3-mm plastic ball is located at the base of the IUD, through which the polyethylene monofilament string passes.
Other intervention name(s): levonorgestrel intrauterine system; Copper T380A IUD
Intervention MeSH terms: Levonorgestrel
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Prospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Study participants will be selected from women's health care clinics in the community.
      
Biospecimen description: 
      A hair sample of approximately 10 (up to 20) hairs cut close to the scalp of the posterior
      vertex.

      Whole blood samples collected at each study visit (approximately 10mL). The serum from those
      samples will tested for hormone levels.
    
Keywords: Intrauterine device (IUD); Depression; Stress hormones; Mood changes
Brace Versus No Brace for the Treatment of Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Without Neurologic Injury
Condition: Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Without Neurologic Deficit
MeSH terms: Neurologic Manifestations; Fractures, Bone
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Braces have been used o treat stable (not requiring surgery) burst fractures with much
      success. Recently questions have been raised in regards to the importance of the brace. Some
      studies have results that suggest a brace is not important in having a good outcome. However,
      this has never been proven. This study is being conducted to see whether or not wearing a
      brace is important to having a good outcome.
    

Detailed description: 
      The purpose of this study is to prospectively compare the outcome between patients randomly
      assigned to a thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO) treatment group or no orthosis (NO)
      treatment group, for the management of an acute AO type A3 thoracolumbar fracture.
    

Intervention name(s): TLSO; No Orthosis
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): Patients in the TLSO arm will remain on bed rest until fitted with a TLSO. They will wear the TLSO for 8-10 weeks and mobilized in the brace by a physiotherapist.; Patients in the No Orthosis group will be mobilized immediately as tolerated by a physiotherapist with restrictions to limit bending or rotating through their trunk. They will be encouraged to return to normal activities after 8 weeks.
Other intervention name(s): TLSO Aspen Medical Products, Irvine, CA, USA
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Operant Conditioning After ACL Reconstruction
Condition: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
MeSH terms: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to examine if the changes in corticospinal function that
      accompany ACL reconstruction can be improved through a form of mental coaching and
      encouragement, known as operant conditioning.
    

Detailed description: 
      It is theorized reduced corticospinal excitability contributes to quadriceps dysfunction
      after knee injury and joint disease. Current rehabilitation does not directly target the
      alterations in corticospinal excitability, which may limit recovery. Operant conditioning is
      an emerging approach capable of increasing corticospinal excitability by directly targeting
      the corticospinal pathways. However, it remains to be determined whether operant conditioning
      of the corticospinal pathway may improve corticospinal function after knee trauma. Therefore,
      this study will evaluate the ability of operant up-conditioning of the corticospinal pathway
      to improve corticospinal function after ACL reconstruction.
    

Intervention name(s): Operant Conditioning; Control
Intervention type(s): Behavioral; Behavioral
Intervention description(s): Active encouragement and feedback to increase motor evoked response during stimulation.; Absence of active encouragement and feedback to increase motor evoked response when stimulated.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: ACL; Quadriceps
AS-OCT Study of Cornea and Tear Film Parameters in SLE Patients
Condition: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      The aim of thie study to assess tear film parameters such as tear meniscus height (TMH), tear
      meniscus area (TMA), and tear meniscus depth (TMD). In addition, corneal pachymetry and
      epithelial thickness maps in SLE patients and compared to healthy subjects of similar age and
      gender.
    

Detailed description: 
      Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a relapsing and remitting autoimmune connective tissue
      disorder that can affect many organs such as skin, joints, kidneys, eye, and brain (1) . SLE
      has a global prevalence of 0.3 to 23.2 cases per 100,000. Women are more likely than men to
      develop the disease. Four out of the following 11 diagnostic criteria are sufficient for the
      diagnosis of SLE, malar rash, discoid rash, oral ulcers, non-erosive arthritis, serositis,
      photosensitivity, renal disorder, neurological disorder, hematological disorder,
      immunological disorder, and presence of antinuclear antibodies. (2,3)

      Ocular manifestations occur in about one third of SLE patients with keratoconjunctivitis
      sicca being the most common manifestation which is characterized by decreased tear film
      aqueous layer. Scleritis, retinal vasculitis (which is often associated with CNS lupus), and
      papillitis are considered as the most serious ocular manifestations. (4)

      Corneal involvement in SLE affects the superficial epithelium, resulting in superficial
      punctate keratitis, which is believed to be caused by Sjögren&#39;s syndrome (SS). However,
      some cases of non-infiltrative and infiltrative peripheral ulcerative keratitis have been
      identified (5) .

      Schirmer&#39;s test and fluorescein breakup time test (FBUT) are two common clinical tests
      used to analyze tear film. (6,7) Using an in vivo, non- contact technique, anterior segment
      optical coherence tomography (AS- OCT) is now used to image the tear film, measure the lower
      tear film height and area, measure corneal thickness (pachymetry), and measure surface
      epithelial thickness. (8,9)
    

Intervention name(s): Anterior Segment OCT
Intervention type(s): Diagnostic Test
Intervention description(s): AS-OCT for SLE patients with dry eye, SLE patients without dry eye and compare them with normal subjects.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Retrospective
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Residents of Minia Governorate diagnosed with SLE and healthy one
      
Keywords: anterior segment optical coherence tomography; tear film; dry eye; systemic lupus erythematous
The Effects of the Water-exchanged Colonoscopy on Adenoma Detection Rate
Condition: Adenoma; Pain
MeSH terms: Adenoma
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Water exchange method has been shown to reduce medication requirement and pain experienced
      during colonoscopy. It may increase the adenoma detection rate (ADR). Water exchange provides
      salvage cleansing and the refractive index of water (n equals about 1.3) is larger than that
      of air, which creates optical distortion that likely contributes to objects appearing larger
      underwater, making smaller lesions easier to visualize and it may help draw attention to
      those smaller lesions during withdraw. These principles facilitate to the higher adenoma
      detection rate.

      There is a large number of literature on the adenoma detection rate during water exchange
      colonoscopy, but most studies have been conducted in only one centre, simple-size, and under
      sedation patients, the influence of adenoma detection rate under unsedation patients was
      unclear.

      The aim of this study is to compare the ADR of colonoscopy by using the water exchange method
      versus the conventional air method in unsedation patients in multiple centers in China.
    


Intervention name(s): Water colonoscopy
Intervention type(s): Other
Intervention description(s): Colonoscopy will be performed without medications and aided by water infusion in-lieu of air insufflation during insertion of the colonoscope. The water infusion involves putting warm sterile water into the colon to open up the colon for advancement of the colonoscope until the end of the colon (cecum) is reached. The water is delivered through scope irrigation channel by an infusion pump equipped with a foot switch which will be controlled by the endoscopist. Infused water used to cleanse residual fecal matter will be suctioned as needed to clear the colonic lumen.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Screening
Keywords: colonoscopy; water; adenoma; pain
Safety and Efficacy of Lip Injections With Emervel Lips and Juvederm Ultra Smile
Condition: Local Tolerability After Lip Filler Injections
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of Emervel Lips and
      Juvederm Ultra smile
    


Intervention name(s): Emervel Lips; Juvederm Ultra Smile
Intervention type(s): Device; Device
Intervention description(s): Lip treatment of both upper and lower lip; Lip treatment of both upper and lower lip
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: lip; fillers; Hyaluronic acid
Mulligan Mobilization With Laser for Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis
Condition: Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis
MeSH terms: Bursitis
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) is a condition of uncertain etiology characterized by
      pain and progressive loss of both active and passive shoulder motion.

      Shoulder pain and stiffness are accompanied by disability. It is thought that the incidence
      is 3 to 5% in the general population. Laser therapy is widely used for treating different
      musculoskeletal diseases, because of its ability to reduce pain and improve the physical
      function. Also, MWM when used for shoulders with limited range of motion because of pain had
      shown improvement in range of motion and pressure pain threshold. Previous studies have
      investigated the efficacy of combining different manual technique with LLLT for treating pain
      in some body parts. However, up till now the combined effect of MWM with LLLT for treatment
      of patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis have not been investigated.

      So, the present randomized controlled study will be conducted to investigate the effect of
      adding mulligan mobilization with movement to low level laser therapy in treatment of
      patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis.
    


Intervention name(s): mulligan mobilization with low level laser therapy and traditional physical therapy exercises; low level laser therapy and traditional physical therapy exercises; physical therapy exercises
Intervention type(s): Other; Other; Other
Intervention description(s): for mulligan mobilization: for improving the limited range of motion of shoulder joint, the therapist will apply posterolateral mobilization for the shoulder joint. Three sets of painless glides of 10 repetitions will be applied with a rest interval of 30 s between each set.
For low level laser application: Laser specifications is as follows: 850 nm wave length and pulsed application with 8 W applied for 20 minutes. laser will be applied over painful points of the shoulder.
For traditional physical therapy exercises: the patients will receive the following exercise program: self stretching exercises for shoulder joint, pully exercises, back climbing exercises, finger ladder exercises, circumduction exercises and pendulum exercises; patients in this group will receive low level laser and traditional physical exercises as described before for group (A); The patients will receive traditional physical therapy exercises only as described before for group (A)
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Reliability of Algometry in Swimming Athletes
Condition: Athletes
Study type: Observational

Summary: 
      In the competitive swimming scenario, there is a significant incidence of pain, which can be
      justified by the high levels of training that exposes athletes to constant stress. In this
      way, the quantification of pain and its monitoring becomes extremely important for clinical
      practice. A commonly used tool with easy access and clinical applicability, capable of
      measuring the pain threshold (PT) in a standardized manner is the pressure algometer.
      However, there is a shortage in the literature of studies that evaluate the reliability of
      this instrument in healthy swimming athletes. Objectives: Evaluate the intra and
      inter-examiner reliability and to describe the profile of the PT measurements measured by the
      algometer in swimming athletes. Methods: It is a reliability study, and will be composed of
      fifty young athletes members of swimming teams, of both genders, aged between 12 and 20
      years. The evaluation will be carried out on the same day and in 2 steps: (1) Test and (2)
      Retest. In the first step, through a third examiner, the participants will be subjected to
      marking of points in pre-determined muscles and in points of referred pain. Next, they will
      perform the PT assessment through the algometer by two other distinct and trained examiners.
      The interval between each examiner will be five minutes with the participant at rest. After
      five minutes the test was performed, the step retest will begin, which will have the same
      procedures as in the previous step. The statistical package SPSS Statistics 23.0 will be used
      to conduct the analyzes.
    


Intervention name(s): Algometry
Intervention type(s): Device
Intervention description(s): The evaluation with the algometer was carried out in the same way by the two examiners, who held the instrument with the dominant hand, in order to adjust and coordinate the movements, while the non-dominant hand was used to stabilize the participant's skin, providing more security, avoiding thus small deviations. The pressure was applied at an angle of 90 ° (between the tool surface and the evaluated point), the rate of pressure increase was approximately 2 kg / cm² / s (kilogram per centimeter squared per second), up to the level that the participant reported a change in the sensation of pressure to a sensation of discomfort and immediately the examiner removed the device from the positioned location.
Observational model: Cohort
Time perspective: Cross-Sectional
Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Study population: 
        Young swimming athletes who regularly train and are members of the swimming teams of the
        4th region of the state of São Paulo, of the São Paulo Aquatic Federation (FAP), of the
        cities of Presidente Prudente, Votuporanga and São José do Rio Preto.
Assessment of Ergonomics in 3D vs 2D Thoracoscopic Lobectomy
Condition: Early Stage Non-small-cell Lung Cancer (Stage 1-2)
MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) pulmonary lobectomy is currently widely employed as
      the first treatment option for surgical management of early stage (stage I-II)
      non-small-cell-lung-cancer (NSCLC).

      Thanks to recent technological advances in high definition display systems, three dimensional
      VATS (3D) has been developed in an attempt of overcoming some optical limits of two
      dimensional (2D) VATS.

      In this single center randomized trial our aim is to comparatively assess ergonomics of 3D
      versus 2D VATS lobectomy for early stage NSCLC.
    

Detailed description: 
      Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is widely employed for pulmonary lobectomy in early
      stage non-small-cell-lung-cancer (NSCLC). Indeed, VATS is thought to represent an optimal
      minimally invasive surgical option which is deemed superior to conventional thoracotomy since
      it enables smaller incisions with no rib spreading thus minimizing both postoperative pain
      and hospital stay.

      For over than three decades, several thoracic surgeons adopted VATS for anatomical lung
      resection using two-dimensional (2D) display systems. However, a 2D image lacks depth of
      perception which may negatively affect surgical manoeuvring.

      Three dimensional (3D) display systems for VATS can offer superior magnified vision of the
      surgical field and better perception of depth during surgical manoeuvring potentially
      shortening learning curve, which may thus overcome some optical limitations of 2D systems.

      In this single center randomized trial our aim is to comparatively assess ergonomics of 3D
      versus 2D VATS lobectomy for early stage (stage I-II) NSCLC. For this purpose we compared
      three ergonomical domains: exposure, instrumentation and maneuvering with the aid of a
      scoring scale entailing analysis of 5 main technical steps: vein, artery bronchus, lymph node
      and fissure score.

      The evaluation process of the five surgical steps was carried out by 4 thoracic surgeons who
      individually scored all recorded operations.
    

Intervention name(s): 3D VATS lobectomy; 2D VATS lobectomy
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Intervention description(s): pulmonary lobectomy carried out by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with a 3 dimensional display system; pulmonary lobectomy carried out by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with a 2 dimensional display system
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention model description: One to one parallel assignment to each treatment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: VATS; Lobectomy; 3D VATS; VATS Ergonomics; Non small cell lung cancer; Three-dimensional thoracoscopy
Ultrasound Guided ESP Block Versus Intrathecal Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia in Major HPB Surgery.
Condition: Postoperative Pain
MeSH terms: Pain, Postoperative
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      To compare the efficacy of USG-guided bilateral Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with
      intrathecal morphine (ITM) for postoperative analgesia after major hepatopancreaticobiliary
      surgery (HPB)
    


Intervention name(s): Erector Spinae Plane Block; Intrathecal morphine
Intervention type(s): Procedure; Procedure
Intervention description(s): Patients will be turned into the prone position. A high-frequency linear ultrasound probe will be placed in a longitudinal parasagittal orientation 2.5-3 cm lateral to the T8 spinous process. The erector spinae muscles will be identified superficial to the tip of the T8 transverse process. After local infiltration of the needle insertion site with 2-3 ml of 2% lidocaine, a 21G 10 cm needle will be inserted using an in-plane approach in a cranial to caudal direction to contact the T8 transverse process. The location of the needle tip will be confirmed by hydrodissection with 2 mL of lidocaine 2% and visualizing linear fluid spread lifting the erector spinae muscle off the bony shadow of the transverse process on ultrasonographic imaging. A volume of 20 mL of 0.25% Bupivacaine is injected will be injected at this point. The same procedure will be repeated for the opposite side.; Patients will be placed on their right side. An intrathecal injection of morphine 200 μg (0.2 mL of morphine sulfate 1 mg/mL) diluted in 1.8 mL normal saline will be administered at the L3-L4 or L4-L5 level with a 25 G Whitacre spinal needle.
Other intervention name(s): ESP block; ITM
Intervention MeSH terms: Morphine
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Prevention
A Study on the Management of Combination Anti-HIV Drug Therapy in HIV-Positive Children With Prior Treatment
Condition: HIV Infections
MeSH terms: HIV Infections
Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase 1

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study is to determine the value of changing anti-HIV medications in
      children with progressive HIV disease who have received previous treatment.

      Plasma viral load (the level of HIV in the blood) is probably most effectively reduced by
      giving patients anti-HIV drugs which affect the virus at various stages of development.
      Changing the medications may enhance the results of treatment.
    

Detailed description: 
      The Master RAD Protocol is based on the concept that optimal suppression of viral load in
      vivo will be achieved in patients with rapidly progressing or advanced HIV disease (RAD)
      using antiretroviral combinations inhibiting viral replication at distinct sites of action.
      Antiretroviral combinations are chosen with the hypothesis that simultaneous change to as
      many new agents as possible is necessary to maximally reduce plasma viral load.

      In this open-label, multicenter study patients are randomized into 1 of 4 groups based on
      prior antiretroviral experience. Each regimen consists of 4 drugs that include a combination
      of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (stavudine, lamivudine, zidovudine,
      didanosine, zalcitabine) plus nevirapine (NVP), nelfinavir (NFV), or ritonavir (RTV).
      Patients must be naive to at least 2 of the 4 drugs in the regimen and at least 1 of the
      novel drugs must be NVP, NFV, or RTV.

      Prior to randomization to a NFV- or RTV-containing regimen, patients are stratified by HIV
      RNA (greater than or equal to 50,000 or less than 50,000) and must able to receive 2 or more
      novel drugs.
    

Intervention name(s): Ritonavir; Nelfinavir mesylate; Nevirapine; Lamivudine; Stavudine; Zidovudine; Zalcitabine; Didanosine
Intervention type(s): Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug; Drug
Intervention MeSH terms: Ritonavir; Nelfinavir; Lamivudine; Zidovudine; Nevirapine; Stavudine; Didanosine; Zalcitabine
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: Zalcitabine; Didanosine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Zidovudine; Nevirapine; Stavudine; Ritonavir; Lamivudine; RNA, Viral; Anti-HIV Agents; Nelfinavir