Effect of Physical Therapy Modalities in Osteoarthritis
Condition: Osteo Arthritis Knee; Quadriceps Muscle Atrophy
MeSH terms: Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Muscular Atrophy
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The purpose of this study was to find the most effective treatment out of both techniques;
      Dry needling and Kinesio Taping for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA) in terms of pain,
      strength, and balance
    

Detailed description: 
      Knee osteoarthritis is also associated with a 50%-60% reduction in maximum quadriceps torque,
      possibly resulting from disuse atrophy and atherogenic inhibition.

      Kinesio taping is a term that comes from the field of kinesiology, because the application of
      the tape allows the body to move normally, and reacts to fascia via biomechanical or
      proprioceptive mechanisms. Kinesio tape is an elastic therapeutic tape that finds its
      application as an adjunct to professional activities in healthcare, rehabilitation,
      prevention, and sports. In circulatory pathologies, Kinesio tape has the function to promote
      the drainage of excess fluid, activating a lymphatic drainage response. Kinesio tape promotes
      better blood circulation and lymph flow in the treated area, and this principle can be used
      to drain the swelling in trauma and bruises to speed up the process of redistribution of the
      hematoma. Kinesio tape application decreases the surplus heat via friction reduction
      resulting in lifting the skin. It also has a good stabilizing effect. Kinesio tape was also
      used for treating sports and orthopedic injuries, and a variety of musculoskeletal disorders
      like osteoarthritis. For example, the research of Murray H. has shown an increase in the
      electromyographic quadriceps muscular activity with Kinesio tape application, applied by
      patients after ACL repair in the postoperative phase.

      Dry is a specific technique for the treatment of functional disorders of the skeleton
      muscles, fascia, and connective tissue. It can also be used to reduce pain, restore function
      and reduce structural defects in muscles and joints, the dry needling treatment approaches
      are based on three models (including models of radiculopathy, spinal sensitization, and
      myofascial trigger point model). The dry needling technique can be divided into superficial
      and deep techniques.

      Conservative treatment is advocated in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis of the
      knee. Because muscles weakness is associated with pain and physical dysfunction and
      influences the progression of disease in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Muscle
      strengthening is a key component in knee osteoarthritis Therefore, local strengthening
      exercise is prescribed more frequently than general exercise. A growing body of evidence
      shows that exercise improves knee joint function and decreases symptoms.
    

Intervention name(s): Dry Needling; Kinesio tapping
Intervention type(s): Other; Other
Intervention description(s): The subject will be in the supine position and receive dry needling. The first point will be at the medial femoral condyle of the knee joint line in vastus medialis muscles. The second point will be at the lateral femoral condyle of the knee joint line in vastus lateralis muscles. The third point will be above the base of the patella in the rectus femoris muscle. The fourth point will be 2cm above the third point in rectus femoris muscles. These four points were the most common places of trigger point at quadriceps muscles. Dry needling is affected on A-delta fibers. Therefore when superficial dry needling with a noxious stimulation leads to stimulation on A-delta fibers, the excitation remains almost 72 hours and gradually decreases.
The standard 9- point dry needling technique will be applied for 20 minutes per session 3 times a week for 4 weeks.; The subject will be in the supine position and receive Kinesio taping. The Kinesio tape application with no tension one Y strip with a length of 20 cm, an anchor of 2 cm.
The Kinesio tape will be applied to the participants in supine with the knee in 90 flexions. Two Y-shaped tapes are applied above and below the patella. The tape will be removed after 48 hours after application. The Kinesio tape will be applied 3 times a week for 4 weeks.
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: dry needling; kinesio tapping; osteoarthritis; Quadriceps