Upper Limb Robotic Rehabilitation During COVID-19 Outbreak
Condition: Stroke
MeSH terms: Stroke
Study type: Interventional

Summary: 
      The COVID-19 outbreak requires a rapid re-shaping of the entire organization of the
      rehabilitation services. This includes the design and planning of appropriate rehabilitation
      settings, intervention and logistics for organizing space for patients.

      The aims of this study are: (a) to evaluate the feasibility of the bedside use of a novel
      rehabilitation device for upper limb in patients with stroke; (b) to evaluate the motor and
      cognitive outcomes of the treatment; (c) to validate the instrumental outcomes provided by
      the device.
    

Detailed description: 
      This study aims to:

        1. evaluate the feasibility of the bedside use of a novel portable rehabilitation device
           for upper limb in patients with stroke in an inpatient setting;

        2. assess motor and cognitive outcomes of the treatment;

        3. validate the instrumental outcomes provided by the device.

      Forty subacute stroke patients with upper limb hemiplegia will be enrolled. Patients' upper
      limb will be treated with a novel portable robotic device (Icone, Heaxel). The robot will be
      transferred to each patient's room, where the rehabilitation session will be performed,
      thanks to the portability of the device. During the treatment, patients will execute
      "exergames" involving elbow flexion-extension, shoulder protraction-retraction,
      internal-external rotation, flexion-extension and abduction-adduction. The exercises will be
      selected among the available ones to train both motor and cognitive functions. The
      rehabilitation intervention will include 30 rehabilitation sessions, each lasting 45 minutes,
      three to five times a week. In addition to the upper limb treatment, patients will receive a
      rehabilitation treatment for the lower limbs.

      For Aim 1, the usability and the acceptability of the device and the satisfaction with the
      treatment will be evaluated at the end of the rehabilitation intervention by means of the
      System Usability Scale (SUS), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and the Likert scale,
      respectively.

      For Aim 2, the clinical effect of the treatment with the robot will be investigated by means
      of the following scales, assessed both at baseline and at discharge: the Fugl-Meyer
      Assessment for the upper extremity (FMA-UE), the Motricity Index (MI), the Modified Ashworth
      Scale (MAS), the Modified Barthel Index (mBI), the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and the
      Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

      For Aim 3, at baseline, each patient will perform the kinematic and kinetic assessment
      provided by the robot twice, one day apart, to assess the reliability of the kinematic
      parameters provided by the robot; moreover, the kinematic and kinetics assessment will be
      performed every ten rehabilitation sessions, to analyze the responsiveness of the kinematic
      parameters and possible "plateau" in the recovery process.
    

Intervention name(s): Robotic therapy
Intervention type(s): Device
Intervention description(s): The treatment with the robot Icone will include 30 sessions, each session lasting 45 minutes, with a frequency from three to five times a week. The treatment will be provided in the patient's room. Patients will execute upper limb movement involving elbow flexion-extension, shoulder protraction-retraction, internal-external rotation, flexion-extension, and abduction-adduction. Visual and auditory feedback will be provided during the tasks. The exercises will train both motor and cognitive functions.
Intervention model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary purpose: Treatment
Keywords: rehabilitation; stroke; upper extremity; robotics