billchoa/3036384256-COMP7607-data huggingface dataset:
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The policy reasons for such a scheme laid down by the legislature include the discouragement of illegal entry into Hong Kong and of illegal stay here in contravention of conditions of stay as well as the prevention as a matter of fairness of queue jumping ahead of the Mainland residents who have applied but have remained in the Mainland.

assistant: 立法機構訂立此項計劃的政策理由，包括阻止內地居民非法進入香港及在違反逗留條件下在此非法逗留； 以及爲公平起見，防止有人插隊而排在早已提出申請但仍留在內地的內地居民之前。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Because the claimants did not have constructive knowledge of any facts, the only issue was whether, on the facts known to them, they knew before 6 December 1998 “that the damage was attributable in whole or in part to the act or omission” that constituted the alleged negligence.

assistant: 由於各名申索人對於任何事實均不具有法律構定知悉，因此唯一的爭議點是，根據他們已知的事實，他們於1998年12月6日之前是否知悉「該項損害完全或部分是歸因於」被指構成疏忽的「作爲或不作爲」。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: On the other hand, in Wai, the attention of the Privy Council was not drawn to Withers where, as already pointed out, three members of the Appellate Committee seemed to be opposed to extension of the offence to non-economic loss cases outside “contrary to public duty” situations.

assistant: 另一方面，在Wai案中，與訟各方未有向樞密院提述Withers案，而正如前文指出，Withers案中上訴委員會的三位成員似乎反對將該罪行延伸至“違反公共責任”情況以外的涉及非經濟損失的案件。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The process of reading down or severance cannot be deployed in the way suggested.

assistant: 狹義解釋或分割方法不可按這種建議中的方式採用。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Her primary argument is that it is the time of adoption that is relevant, that is, one of the adoptive parents must be a permanent resident within art. 24(2)(1) or 24(2)(2) at that time.

assistant: 領養的時間纔是有關日期，即是，領養父母其中一方在當時必須是符合第二十四條第二款第(一)項或第二十四條第二款第(二)項規定的永久性居民。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The defendant Pang’s case was that he had allowed two strangers’ cheques to be paid into his account and the proceeds remitted abroad at the request of one Kwok Wing, an old friend whom he had trusted implicitly, without having any reason to suspect that those cheques had anything to do with a criminal offence.

assistant: 被告人彭先生所提出的案情是，他應一位老朋友郭榮的要求，容許把兩名陌生人的支票存入他的戶口以及把得益匯到外國。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “land in Hong Kong was regarded as belonging to the Crown, which parted with its ownership only for the duration of the lease and for the user specified in the lease.

assistant: “香港土地被視爲屬官方所有，官方只在租契訂明的期間及租契指明的用途上放棄擁有權。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 41.  It is therefore my view that the Judge and the majority in the Court of Appeal were right to refuse relief in the nature of the restrictive order sought.

assistant: 41.  因此，本席認爲，原審法官及上訴庭多數法官拒絕按請求批予限制參與令形式的濟助，實屬正確。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Each appellant is such a person.

assistant: 每名上訴人都爲這類人士。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That practice, the report said, was generally at odds with the views of the international community.

assistant: 該報告說，該種做法一般來說與國際社會的看法不一致。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Blameworthiness and causation, both on him, because he could have used a wooden ladder which he didn't use.

assistant: 過失及因果，兩者都是他的責任。 因爲他本可使用木梯，但他沒有。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 47. As the only basis for the Secretary's adverse determination is UNHCR's unexplained rejection of refugee status, the Secretary would not be able to inform the potential deportee of the reasons for such determination.

assistant: 47.  由於局長作出不利於可被遞解離境人士的裁決的唯一依據是聯合國難民署未經解釋而拒絕給予該名人士難民身分的決定，故局長無法將該裁決所建基於的理由告知該名人士。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It was urged upon us by the Bank that if Parliament legislates upon a mistaken view of the law it is open to the courts to declare that view erroneous.

assistant: 銀行向本院力陳，假如國會是根據錯誤的法律觀點而立法，則法庭可宣佈該項觀點有錯。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That offers, I think, a good way of describing what the rule of law has done and the courts must preserve.

assistant: 本席認爲，上述意見正好說明法治的成果及法庭所必須維持的東西。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: "I therefore took the view that [Exhibit 184] should form part and partial (sic) of the involuntary admissions made by aided client together with the 6 video recorded interviews.

assistant: 「因此本人認爲[證物184]應連同該六份錄影會面紀錄構成受助當事人所作的非自願招認的必要部分。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: "Anyone who by words, gesture, in writing or by any other means of public communication, desecrates the Republic, national flag or the national anthem the symbols or emblems of the Portuguese sovereignty, or in any other way fails to pay them their due respect, shall be punished with a prison sentence of up to 2 years or with a pecuniary penalty of up to 240 days."

assistant: “任何人以語言、姿勢、文字或任何其他公開傳播方式，侮辱共和國、國旗、國歌、代表葡萄牙主權的象徵或徽號、或以任何其他方式不給予它們應得的尊重，均須處以不超過2年的監禁或不超過240天的金錢上的懲罰。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: For these reasons, I would allow the plaintiffs’ appeal on the issue of whether Cathay was in breach of the Conditions, and restore the award of one month’s pay made by the Judge to each plaintiff.

assistant: 基於上述理由，在關於國泰有否違反有關條件的爭議點上，本席裁定各名原告人上訴得直，並恢復原審法官判給每名原告人一個月薪酬的裁決。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The controversy, then as now, was as to whether the Judge should have treated the requirements of relevance and the discretionary balance as satisfied in relation to the evidence of suspected poisoning.

assistant: 當時和現在的爭議，均關乎原審法官應否就懷疑下毒的證據而將相關性和酌情權衡量的規定視爲已獲符合。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But the huge difference does suggest that there were genuine reasons for the Husband to avoid if he could the detailed and meticulous scrutiny of the Hong Kong court.

assistant: 但巨大的差異的確顯示，丈夫有確實的理由避開（假如他可以的話）香港法庭的仔細嚴謹的審查。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If, contrary to the view taken by the judges below, on the proper interpretation of the Basic Law, there is no linkage between the two provisions, and Article 24 is not affected by Article 22(4), then there would be no constitutional basis for the No 3 Ordinance to the extent that it requires the permanent resident to hold the one way permit before he can enjoy the right of abode.

assistant: 如果恰當地解釋《基本法》後，本法院的意見跟原訟庭及上訴法庭的法官意見不同的話 該兩條條款並無關連，而第24條也不受第22（4）條影響，則在這情形下，“第3號條例”要求永久性居民要先持有單程證纔可享有居留權便缺乏憲法上的依據。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: However, it is worth emphasising, as Stock J did and as Ma CJHC reiterated, that the requirements of “reasonable diligence” “vary with the facts and with the legislative context”.

assistant: 然而，值得強調的是（正如司徒敬法官所強調和高等法院首席法官馬道立所重申），對「合理的努力」的要求會「因應案情及立法背景而有所不同」。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is the function of the jury, on the other hand, not only to find the facts and to draw inferences from the facts, but in modern practice also to apply the law, as they are directed upon it, to the facts as they find them to be.

assistant: 另一方面，根據現代慣常的做法，陪審團的職能除了就事實作出裁決及根據事實進行推論外，還包括按照法官的指引，將有關法律應用於他們裁定屬實的案情。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As we have just seen, Lord Hoffmann emphasises that it is erroneous to believe that a decision has to be reviewable on its merits before the reviewing court can be considered a court of full jurisdiction.

assistant: 如剛纔所見，賀輔明勳爵強調，如果以爲覆核法院須可覆核在其席前的決定的是非曲直，纔可被視爲具有全面司法管轄權的法院，這個想法是錯誤的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Can s.20(1) and (3)(c) be so interpreted as to be Basic Law and BOR compliant?

assistant: 能否對第20(1)條和第20(3)(c)條作出符合《基本法》和《人權法案》的詮釋？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In 1986, in Advisory Opinion No. OC - 6/86, on the word "laws" in Article 30 of the American Convention on Human Rights, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights expressed the view:

assistant: 1986年，美洲人權法院（Inter-American Court of Human Rights）在其發表的諮詢意見中（Advisory Opinion No. DC-6/86）就《美洲人權公約》（American Convention on Human Rights）第30條中“法規”一詞表達了以下意見：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In response to questions, Ng said that he had given Meocre Li full information about the placement, mentioning Au and the arrangement relating to the sharing of fees between Au and ICEA.

assistant: 吳氏回應問題時表示，他已向李國榮提供關於該項配售的所有資料，當中亦曾提及歐氏及有關歐氏與工商東亞之間的收費分享安排。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Neither in the item sued on nor evidently in any other information which they possessed did these defendants have any foundation for any imputation or suggestion of that kind.

assistant: 被告人無法從被控誹謗的內容中，亦顯然無法從他們持有的任何其他資料中，找到作出任何該種詆譭言論或說法的基礎。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “A desire not to think ill of a friend or a wish to view his conduct through rose-coloured glasses may operate as blinkers on the applicant's assessment of the conduct or facts known to him.

assistant: “不願相信朋友會犯惡行，又或意欲美化其行爲，這些想法都可能令申請人對已知行爲或事實的評估受到矇蔽。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Mr Wong contends that an order for an apology against an unwilling defendant would necessarily infringe :

assistant: 黃先生認爲，對一名不情願的被告人作出道歉令必會侵犯：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (3)        In any event, the rule is neither a necessary nor a proportionate restriction on the constitutional right of freedom of expression;

assistant: (3) 不論如何，作爲一項對發表自由這項憲法權利施加的限制，該規則既無必要亦非相稱；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Au Wing Lun v. Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal, CACV No.4154 of 2001, 9 September 2002 (unreported);

assistant: Au Wing Lun v Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal，高等法院上訴法庭民事上訴2001年第4154號，於2002年9月9日判決（未載入案例彙編）；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: When that application failed, he unsuccessfully renewed his application to the Appeal Committee.

assistant: 他於是向本院上訴委員會提出相同申請，但亦不成功。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As it seems to me, however, all that the subsequent decisions have done is to reiterate the public interest qualification to the general principle.

assistant: 然而，本席認爲，該等後來的案例只是重申上述總則中關於公衆利益的限制。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In my judgment an implication precluding the use of the directors' discretion in this way is strictly necessary.

assistant: 本席裁定絕對有必要加入隱含條款，以禁止各名董事以此方式行使其酌情權。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Nevertheless, Mr Pannick, QC is right in the sense that, in issuing its General Comments, the Committee is not acting as a judicial body exercising judicial power in determining disputes.

assistant: 然而，御用大律師Pannick先生所言亦正確，因爲人權委員會在發出其一般意見時，並非以司法機構的身分行使司法權力對爭議作出裁決。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In argument the respondent submitted that the SFC, having regard to its general statutory responsibilities and to its participation in the early stages of the inquiry into Allied, should be treated as part of the investigation into Allied.

assistant: 答辯人辯指，考慮到證監會的一般法定責任及其在對聯合集團進行查訊的早段的參與，證監會應被視爲對聯合集團進行調查的一分子。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This reflects the well established principle in our system that the courts' role is adjudicative and not advisory.

assistant: 這情況反映出我們的制度內一套確立已久的原則：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It should be pointed out that with a massive construction project like the new airport, it would be unrealistic to expect that an order under that Ordinance specifying height restrictions within the flight path of the new airport could be made piecemeal or in respect of individual lots.

assistant: 應指出的是，就涉及如新機場般龐大的建築項目而言，期望當局可零碎地或就個別地段根據該條例作出命令以指明在新機場航道範圍內的高度限制，將是不切實際的期望。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In all the cases on this question the plaintiff named in the Writ was an entity which, for one reason or another, had no capacity to sue or to authorise proceedings to be brought in its name.

assistant: 關於這方面的所有案例中，令狀上指名的原告人是一個實體，而基於某些原因，該實體都是無權起訴或授權他人以其名義提起法律程序的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Rules of the High Court have statutory force, being subsidiary legislation made under s.54(1) of the High Court Ordinance, Cap.4.

assistant: 《高等法院規則》是根據《高等法院條例》（香港法例第4章）第54(1)條制定的附屬法例，故具法定效力。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: They were understood generally to be "test cases".

assistant: 這兩宗案件普遍被認爲是“例案”。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is to be noted that article 16 of the Bill makes express provision for restrictions on the rights which it confers. But Article 27 of the Basic Law makes no express provision for any restriction on any of the rights which it confers.

assistant: 必須注意的是，雖然“人權法案”第十六條有明文規定對其賦予的權利施加限制，但《基本法》第二十七條並沒有明文規定對其賦予的任何權利施加任何限制。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Nor does it mean that areas which were once thought to be exclusively within the prerogative power of the Crown in the exercise of foreign relations, such as the exercise of diplomatic protection, cannot be the subject of judicial review.”  That, as one sees, has nothing to do with whether state immunity extends to commercial transactions.

assistant: 也並非指曾經認爲是專屬政府在履行對外關係上　－　比如履行外交保護　－　的特權範圍的，不可以受到司法覆核。」 可見，那與國家豁免是否引伸適用於商業交易無關。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But judicial independence and the rule of law are also to be taken seriously.

assistant: 但司法獨立和法治亦必須認真對待。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: "When the Crown, or any other person, is entrusted, whether by virtue of the prerogative or by statute, with discretionary powers to be exercised for the public good, it does not, when making a private contract in general terms, undertake (and it may be that it could not even with the use of specific language validly undertake) to fetter itself in the use of those powers, and in the exercise of its discretion."

assistant: “凡官方或任何其他人，不論憑藉特權或法規，獲委以爲公益而行使的酌情權，則官方或該人在以一般條款訂立私人合約時，並無承諾（並可能即使使用明確用語也不可有效地承諾）在運用該等權力及行使其酌情權方面作自我約束。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I regard this division of function as being of fundamental importance, and I should regret very much any tendency on the part of presiding judges to direct juries that, if they find certain facts to have been established, they must necessarily convict.

assistant: 本席認爲這種職能上的分工舉足輕重，而假如主審法官有任何傾向指示陪審團若然斷定某些案情已證明屬實便不得不作出定罪裁決，則本席對此感到非常遺憾。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (g) the conduct of each of the parties, if that conduct is such that it would in the opinion of the court be inequitable to disregard it;

assistant: (g) 婚姻雙方各別的行爲，如法庭認爲不理會有關行爲便會有違公平；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Promissory estoppel is a defensive equity which restrains the enforcement of positive rights by a person whose promises induced a change of position which makes such enforcement inequitable.

assistant: ‘承諾不容反悔’是防衛性的衡平法原則，用以制止已作出承諾的人強制執行肯定的權利，因爲該承諾促致他人轉變處境，令強制執行變得不公平。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: and (2) even if the court is minded to do so, how much time should be lost.

assistant: 及(2)即使法庭有意這樣做，應下令損失多少時間。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Subsection (d):

assistant: 第(d)款：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Those within Group A would, unless they can benefit from the Ng Ka Ling judgment, be subject to the restriction in art. 22(4) in that they have to obtain one-way exit permits for entry into Hong Kong.

assistant: 屬於甲類的申請人，除非能因吳嘉玲案的判決而受惠，否則便會受到第二十二條第四款的限制，即需領取單程證纔可進入香港。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is not in dispute that Dahoon owed the husband $4,490,926.

assistant: Dahoon欠丈夫$4,490,926，這是沒有爭議的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I do not agree with the Judge’s suggestion that the sharing principle is capable of being “displaced” by such considerations, even where there are substantial assets surplus to the parties’ needs.

assistant: 本席不同意原審法官提出的觀點，指共享原則可以因這種考慮而被“移開”，即使情況是有龐大資產盈餘，遠超婚姻雙方的需要。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As it seems to me, however, the word "born" had to be used in category (3) because the category covers persons born outside Hong Kong.

assistant: 然而，本席認爲第（三）類必須使用“所生”一詞，因爲這個類別包括在香港以外出生的人士。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: and (d) subject to subsection (6), not less than 10 days before the commencement of the hearing at which the affidavit is tendered in evidence, a copy of the affidavit is served, by or on behalf of the prosecution or plaintiff, on each of the defendants.

assistant: 及 (d) 除第(6)款另有規定外，如該誓章於某項聆訊中作爲證據提交，則該誓章的副本須在該聆訊展開前的10天之前，由控方或原告人送達或代控方或原告人送達每一名被告人。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: \n[77] Section C.1 of this judgment.

assistant: \n[77] 本判詞C.1部。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: …The key issue addressed in DPP v Stonehouse was whether it was correct for the Judge to withdraw from the jury their right to decide whether the evidence established the offences.

assistant: 法官撤回陪審團斷定案中證據是否已證實有關罪行的權利，做法是否正確？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (4) In this section and section 25A, references to an indictable offence include a reference to conduct which would constitute an indictable offence if it had occurred in Hong Kong.

assistant: (4)   在本條及第25A條中，凡提述可公訴罪行之處，包括若在香港發生即會構成可公訴罪行的行爲。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If the former was so it was argued that this would derogate from the presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial which are guaranteed by the Basic Law and the Hong Kong Bill of Rights.

assistant: 如屬前者，則該案上訴人辯稱這將減損《基本法》及《香港人權法案》所保證的無罪假定及接受公正審訊的權利。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Delivering their Lordship’s advice in McAllister’s case, Lord Jauncey of Tullichettle referred at p.398E to the statement in Lanford’s case that the standard of proof in disciplinary proceedings is the one applicable to a criminal trial.

assistant: 該意見由Jauncey of Tullichettle勳爵宣告，他在該案彙編第398頁E行提述Lanford案中所作的陳述，即紀律研訊程序中的舉證標準是適用於刑事審訊的標準。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 29.  In the first exception, where there are two previous conflicting decisions of the Court of Appeal, plainly, those decisions cannot both be binding.

assistant: 29.  在例外一的情況下，上訴法庭的兩項先前裁決互相矛盾。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In such cases, the Court is likely to disbelieve the defendant rather than to find itself having to resolve a tension between his asserted beliefs and the proposition that, on the grounds available to him, he would reasonably have been led to believe that the property dealt with was tainted.

assistant: 在這種情況下，法院相當可能不相信被告人，而不是認爲本身須解決以下兩者之間的對立： 一是被告人所聲稱的信念，二是下述主張，即根據他可用的理由，他會合理地被導致相信他所處理的有關財產有問題。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: We do not accept that it is reasonably arguable that the scope and effect of section 21 of the Ordinance is excluded by the existence of other circumstances and procedures by which a member of Legco can be disqualified from office.

assistant: 該論點指出，由於有其他可取消立法會議員任職資格的情況及程序存在，該條例第21條的範圍及作用應被摒除在該等情況和程序之外。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: What, however, of a prolonged course of violent conduct, against a single victim, over hours, or days, or perhaps a longer period?

assistant: 然而，假如某人在數小時、數天甚或更長的時間內持續長期對單一名受害者施以連串暴力行爲，則情況又如何？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 7.  The appellant company (which I will call “PCCW”) holds a Fixed Telecommunications Networks Services licence issued under the Ordinance.

assistant: 7.  上訴人公司（本席將稱之爲“電訊盈科”）持有根據《電訊條例》發出的固定電訊網絡服務牌照。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Under the scheme they cannot remain in Hong Kong. They have to go back to the Mainland and apply through the Mainland Exit-Entry Administration for a certificate of entitlement and their application to that Administration for a one way permit may be regarded as such an application.

assistant: 根據這項計劃，他們不能在香港逗留，必須返回內地向“內地出入境管理處”申請居權證，而向該管理處提出之單程證申請可視爲居權證申請。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In evaluating this balance, it is important to bear in mind that the purpose of the privilege is to respect the will of the accused to remain silent, thereby ensuring that the accused is not compelled to provide proof of his or her guilt.

assistant: 在衡量上述平衡時，必須緊記該項特權的目的爲尊重被控人保持緘默的意願，從而確保該人不被強迫提供證明其有罪的證據。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In other words, a specific charge brought before a particular disciplinary tribunal may or may not attract Article 10 protections depending on whether it involves determination of a criminal charge or of the individual’s civil rights and obligations.

assistant: 換句話說，對於在某個紀律審裁體席前提岀的某項具體指控，被控人可否援引第10條的保護，取決於該項指控是否牽涉刑事控告或有關個人的公民權利與義務的判定。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 4. If some part of the delay occurring up to April 1996 was the responsibility of the Government, what is the legal effect of that state of affairs on its right (i) to demand liquidated damages for the delay, and/or (ii) to re-enter on the expiry of the contractual period for carrying out the works;

assistant: 4. 假如在直至1996年4月的一段期間出現的延誤中有部分是政府的責任，則該事態在法律上對於政府的下列權利造成何等影響： (i)要求就延誤支付算定損害賠償，及／或(ii)於施工合約期屆滿時重收有關土地；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In this context, judges often refer to the maxim nemo debet prodere se ipsum, no one can be required to be his own betrayer and some judges refer to the right as the right to silence or the privilege against self-incrimination.

assistant: 在這方面，法官經常提及的格言是“無人須自證己罪”，意指無人可被要求背叛自己；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 11. The second pair of questions arise in relation to the sentence for murder.

assistant: 11.  另外兩項問題則關乎謀殺罪的刑罰。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 29. Of course if the only vice in the additional words lay in their use of the "right of abode" formula, that vice could be removed very easily. All that would be needed is a legislative amendment abandoning that formula and replacing it with a reference to Chinese citizenship coupled with either birth in Hong Kong or not less than seven years' ordinary and continuous residence here.

assistant: 29. 當然，假如附加字詞的唯一毛病在於使用“居留權”一詞，則此毛病極易消除，所需的只是修改法例，放棄使用該詞，並改爲提述中國公民身分再加上在香港出生或在香港通常居住連續七年或以上的規定。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The question is the proper construction of section 13 having regard to the strong presumption.

assistant: 問題在於經考慮過上述有力的推定後，第13條的正確解釋爲何。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 21. Each of the learned judges in the courts below followed a different course of reasoning.

assistant: 21.  在兩個下級法庭，諸位法官所依循的論據各不相同，而本席曾鄭重考慮每位法官所表達的意見。