billchoa/3036384256-COMP7607-data huggingface dataset:
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I agree with the judgment of Mr Justice Bokhary PJ and the judgment of Mr Justice Ribeiro PJ.

assistant: 本席同意本院常任法官包致金的判決及本院常任法官李義的判決。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I am in no doubt but that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress had power to make the interpretation which it did on 26 June 1999.

assistant: 本席絕不懷疑全國人民代表大會常務委員會有權作出其於1999年6月26日作出的解釋。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: the Quebec Court of Appeal in Zodiak International Products Inc. v. Polish People’s Republic (1977) 81 DLR (3d) 656;

assistant: 魁北克上訴法院在Zodiak International Products Inc. v. Polish People’s Republic (1977) 81 DLR (3d) 656案中決定；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Thus, the test propounded in Seng Yuet Fong is an inculpatory test for establishing mens rea:

assistant: 因此，Seng Yuet Fong一案所提出的驗證標準是一項用於確立犯罪精神狀態的入罪式驗證標準：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But, if the defendant does not know for a fact that the property represented such proceeds (as is likely to be the case with professional money launderers who would make it their business not to know), it is sufficient for the prosecution to establish that, given the circumstances of which he was aware, surrounding his dealing with the relevant property, the defendant had reasonable grounds to believe that it represented the proceeds of someone’s indictable offence, whether committed in Hong Kong or abroad.

assistant: 另一方面，假如被告人不知道財產事實上代表從可公訴罪行的得益（涉及專業洗黑錢者的情況便很可能如此，因爲這正是他們的“職責”所在）則只要控方能證明，基於被告人所知的圍繞其處理有關財產時的情況，被告人有合理理由相信該財產代表某人從可公訴罪行的得益（不論該罪行在香港抑或香港以外的地方干犯），便足以確立被告人的罪行。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Bulova was awarded damages of US$2.8 million plus interest and costs.

assistant: 寶路華則獲判給損害賠償2,800,000美元，另加利息及訟費。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Court's conclusions may be shortly stated as follows.

assistant: 其結論可簡述如下。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This appeal is concerned with the nature and scope of the relief available to PCCW to maintain the confidentiality of information acquired by Mr Aitken as a former employee, an area where the policy against restraint of trade is of central importance.

assistant: 本上訴的焦點是確定爲着把艾廸勤先生以前僱員身份取得的資料保持機密而可批予電訊盈科的濟助的性質和範圍；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Nor has any contempt been established against either … the two named directors.”  But this was not a case of a voluntary omission to comply with a mandatory injunction, it was a case where the injunction was impossible of performance.

assistant: 案中亦未能確立……該兩名被指名董事的任何一人曾藐視法庭。」 但該案所涉的並非自願地不遵從強制性禁制令，而是涉案禁制令不可能獲得履行。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This is understandable.

assistant: 這是可以理解的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: And to take the most extreme example, the advent of an emergency might even lead to the imposition of a curfew by the Chief Executive in the exercise of his powers under s.31.

assistant: 而最極端的例子是出現緊急事故，行政長官在此情況下甚至可根據第31條行使其權力施加宵禁令。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: However, one cannot declare on the "legitimate expectation" ground on its own (as one could declare on the "previous judgments unaffected" ground) that all the appellants are Hong Kong permanent residents with the right of abode here.

assistant: 然而，法院卻不能單就“合理期望”這個理由作出宣告（但卻可以就“在此以前的判決不受影響”這個理由作出宣告），即所有上訴人均爲香港永久性居民並有居留權在港定居。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: At least in general, they are all, within limits, masters of their own procedure.

assistant: 它們至少一般都是有限度自主其程序。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This other man, who happened to be passing by with his wife, gave evidence as the third prosecution witness.

assistant: 該另一名男子當時剛與妻子經過現場，並以控方第三證人身分出庭作供。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “(11)    A defaulter\n[3] may be represented by-   (a)        an inspector or other junior police officer of his choice;

assistant: 「(11) 違紀者\n[3] 可由以下人士代表他進行辯護—  (a) 他所選定的督察或其他初級警務人員；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 35.  At the same time, the number of public housing households in receipt of CSSA has substantially increased.

assistant: 35.  與此同時，領取綜援的公屋家庭數目亦大幅增加。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That is the approach to follow when ascertaining the factual foundation on which to exercise a judicial discretion whether or not to forfeit.

assistant: 在確定行使沒收與否的司法酌情權的事實基礎時，必須依循上述做法。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The most obvious form of possible amendment is to frame a separate count for each separate offence.

assistant: 最明顯可能作出的修訂，是就每項罪行各自擬定一項罪名。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 22. The definition of permanent residents in Article 24 of the Basic Law had its origin in Part XIV in Annex I of the Joint Declaration which elaborated China's basic policies.

assistant: 22. 《基本法》第24條內有關永久性居民的定義乃源自《聯合聲明》附件一第十四部。 該附件具體說明中國的基本方針政策。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The effect of this decision was that specialist nursing services should be provided by the NHS while general nursing care should be for local authorities to purchase.

assistant: 受這個決策影響所及，國家醫療服務中心只是提供專科護理服務，至於普通科護理服務則應由地方的有關當局撥款資助。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “Everyone shall be free to leave Hong Kong”.

assistant: “人人應有自由離去香港”。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: that the public interest in maintaining confidence in the market requires swift investigation and treatment of suspected infringements;

assistant: 相信爲了維持對市場的信心的公衆利益，有需要對懷疑違犯事宜迅速作岀調查和處理；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: There was no legal obstacle to the SFC giving its consent.

assistant: 有關法律並無阻礙證監會給予同意。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The premise of Issue 5, as potentially applicable at the split trial, will of course remain that the Government was not entitled to re-enter.

assistant: 第五項爭議點的前提（而這是可能在獨立審訊中適用的）當然仍是政府無權重收有關土地。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 3. An order of mandamus to compel the Disciplinary Committee to allow the [respondents] full and unencumbered legal representation, by legal representatives of the [respondents’] own choice, at the Disciplinary Proceedings against the [respondents], including in particular the recognition of the entitlement of the [respondents’] legal advisers, as of right, to address the Disciplinary Committee (including the making of both oral and written submissions) and to examine witnesses of fact at all hearings conducted by the Disciplinary Committee against the [respondents] in the Disciplinary Proceedings.”  I. The decisions in the courts below

assistant: 3.   要求法庭發出履行義務令，強迫紀律委員會容許[答辯人]在針對[答辯人]的紀律程序中自行選擇法律代表，作爲[答辯人]的全面及不受阻礙的法律代理，尤其包括承認[答辯人的]法律顧問享有當然權利，在所有由紀律委員會針對[答辯人]而進行的紀律程序的聆訊中，向紀律委員會陳詞（包括作出口述及書面陳詞）和訊問事實方面的證人。」 I.  下級法庭的判決
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: He began discussions with Mr Unruh for the acquisition of ESCT with a view to its being injected into Egana for the purposes of the flotation.

assistant: 他開始與Unruh先生商討收購ESCT，以便將之注入聯洲國際，以達致發行股票上市買賣的目的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Since PGO 6-01(8) is a penal provision, any ambiguity in it would have to be resolved in favour of a person charged under it.

assistant: 由於警察通例第6-01(8)條是懲罰性條文，其任何意思含糊之處，都必須以對根據該條文被控告的人有利的做法消除。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But it is important to bear in mind that this was at the will of the ruling power.

assistant: 然而，必須緊記，這都要視乎當權者的意願而定。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It also contained an arbitration clause in favour of the Netherlands Arbitration Institute in The Hague (“the Tribunal”), applying the laws of the Netherlands.

assistant: 該《特許協議》還載有一項仲裁條款，選用在海牙的荷蘭仲裁協會（“仲裁庭”），並訂明荷蘭法律適用。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That is to say, when physical damage appeared.

assistant: 那即是說，實質損害出現之時。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The infrastructural works to be undertaken included the construction, upgrading, restoration or modernization of some 3,215 km of railways;

assistant: 將進行的基建工程包括建設、改良、修復或現代化約共3,215 公里鐵路；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Part of this continued lobbying activity involved enlisting the assistance of Mr Ma Xiaowen of the Civil Aviation Administration of China to query the necessity for the height restriction.

assistant: 這種持續遊說行動，有部分涉及求助於中國民用航空局馬曉文先生，以協助質疑該項高度限制的必要性。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It will be noted that, unlike our s 145(3A) (or s 541(12) of the Companies (New South Wales) Code), s 6DD says nothing about the privilege against self-incrimination or its abrogation.

assistant: 須注意，與香港《公司條例》第145(3A)條（或澳洲《公司（新南威爾士）法典》第541(12)條）不同，第6DD條對於免使自己入罪的特權或其撤銷均未置一詞。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (4)   Insofar as any laws previously in force in Hong Kong before 1 July 1997 may be inconsistent with the said position or policy of the CPG regarding state immunity, whether such laws must cease to have effect upon the establishment of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region or whether the application of such laws in Hong Kong must be subject to such modifications, adaptations, limitations or exceptions as are necessary so as to ensure that the laws previously in force in Hong Kong that are adopted as the laws of the Region are consistent with the said position or policy by virtue of art.13(1), and in view also of arts 8 and 160, the Decision of the Standing Committee dated 23 February 1997 under art.160 and s.2A of the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance, Cap.1.

assistant: (4)   在1997年7月1日以前的香港原有法律可能與中央人民政府在國家豁免方面的上述立場或政策相牴觸的範圍內，該等法律是否在香港特別行政區成立時必須停止生效，或是否爲了保證被採用爲香港特別行政區法律的香港原有法律必須與憑藉第13(1)條的上述立場或政策相符，以及由於第8及160條、常務委員會根據第160條於1997年2月23日作出的決定和《釋義及通則條例》(第1章)第2A條，該等法律在香港的適用，必須是受限於該等屬必要的變更、適應、限制或例外？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In the situation postulated, it would be plain to such an observer that the attempt to disqualify the judge is itself part and parcel of the abuse and not such as to give rise to any apprehension of bias.

assistant: 在上述的假設處境中，此名觀察者顯然會看出試圖取消法官的資格的做法本身是濫用程序的主要部分，且不會令人擔心法官會偏頗地行事。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That the Club's letter refers to this as the processing of his "permanent residency" indicates that this is what the appellant must have said and what he believed was taking place.

assistant: 該俱樂部的信函提到所處理的是上訴人的“永久居留”，這顯示上訴人必曾如此說及相信其爲事實。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: And the right to be presumed innocent is prominent even in the company of other constitutional rights.

assistant: 獲假定無罪的權利，即使與其他憲法權利放在一起，地位依然突出。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 44. I am unable to accept Ms Li's submission.

assistant: 44.  本席不能接納李資深大律師的陳詞。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Developers nevertheless persisted.

assistant: 縱然如此，衆發展商仍然堅持不懈。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The above analysis should certainly not be interpreted as encouraging a dismissed employee (or his advisers) to indulge in speculative claims or enquiries into his former employer’s state of mind at the time of the dismissal, in order to see whether evidence to support a claim exists.

assistant: 上文的分析固然不應被解讀爲鼓勵被解僱的僱員（或其顧問）一味提出基於猜測的申索，或探問其前僱主在解僱他之時的思想狀態爲何，以期查出是否有證據支持該僱員提出申索。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The context of a particular provision is to be found in the Basic Law itself as well as relevant extrinsic materials including the Joint Declaration.

assistant: 《基本法》某項條款的文意可從《基本法》本身及包括《聯合聲明》在內的其他有關外來資料中找到。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 16. That recommendation was accepted and in early August 1992, the Financial Secretary decided to appoint an inspector whose work would be monitored by a Steering Group to be chaired by Mr Tam Wing-pong ("Mr Tam"), Deputy Secretary for Monetary Affairs, on behalf of the Financial Secretary and comprising representatives from the Attorney-General's Chambers and the SFC.

assistant: 16.  財政司接納上述建議，並於1992年8月初決定委任一名審查員。 審查員的工作將由一個督導小組監察，該小組的主席由副金融事務司譚榮邦先生（下稱「譚先生」）代表財政司擔任，成員包括律政署及證監會的代表。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: \n[163] For a discussion of the position under international law, see Fox The Law of State Immunity 2d ed., (2008) at 501, cited in the Court of Appeal at §142.

assistant: \n[163] 關於國際法的立場的論述見Fox的The Law of State Immunity 2d ed., (2008)第501頁, 於上訴法庭的判案書第142段被引述。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But the committee has not yet had an opportunity to consider, in a position of knowledge rather than speculation, how the rules of procedural fairness are properly to be applied in the respondents’ situation.

assistant: 但委員會還未有機會在知悉相關情況而非單憑猜測下考慮應如何將「程序公平」規則妥爲運用到各名答辯人的情況。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (1) persons covered by an agreement and undertaking not to remove them pending the outcome of those cases;

assistant: (1) 被某個協議和承諾涵蓋的，在等待上述案件的結果期間不會被遣送離境的人士；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 3. The intention of this bill, therefore, is to provide that the rule of taking the market price as the basis of compensation is to be subject to the further rule that no compensation is to be given in respect of such mere probabilities.

assistant: 3. 因此，本條例草案的用意是規定以市價爲補償基礎的規則須受限於另一規則，即不得因上述一類純粹可能性而給予補償。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The evidence of her enquiry and the fact that she thought she had no alternative but to press on are, in the absence of other evidence, no more than facts which should be taken into account in deciding whether to accept the evidence of the complainant.

assistant: 在缺乏其他證據的情況下，關於她曾作出該項查詢的證據以及她認爲自己別無選擇而只能堅持早前所言一事，都只應被視爲在決定是否接納申訴人的證據時應當考慮的事實。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: and (ii) where the officer reasonably suspects that person of being guilty of a relevant offence.

assistant: 及(ii)警務人員合理地懷疑該人干犯了有關罪行。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If committal orders are to be set aside on purely technical grounds which have nothing to do with the justice of the case, then this has the effect of undermining the system of justice and the credibility of the court orders.

assistant: 假如交付羈押令可根據純技術性且與有關案件的公義要求毫無關係的理由而被作廢，則這會損害司法制度及法庭命令的可信性。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The meaning of the language is clear if it is free from ambiguity, that is, it is not reasonably capable of sustaining competing alternative interpretations.

assistant: 含義清晰即所用文字沒有歧義，就是在合理情況下不能得出另一對立的解釋。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: To the extent to which the LOM alleged or was based on the view that ICEA or Meocre Li had delegated to, or allowed, Au to act as dealer's representative of ICEA, it was in error, as the SFC later recognised.

assistant: ”  就有關紀律處分意向書所指稱的或所根據的“工商東亞或李國榮曾授權或准許歐雪明以工商東亞的交易代表的身分行事”此觀點而言，正如證監會其後亦承認，其屬錯誤。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The fact that an Ordinance imposes severe and perhaps unmanageable administrative burdens may present an excellent reason for its amendment.

assistant: 若然一項條例施加嚴峻且可能無法負荷的行政負擔，這或可構成極有力的理由以支持修訂該條例。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 13.  The body of the Article ran as follows:

assistant: 13.  該文章的正文內容如下：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Understandably, proceeding on the basis that the persuasive burden was on the accused, the prosecution did not think it had to adduce such evidence and the magistrate did not think such evidence necessary.

assistant: 可以理解的是，由於案件進行的基礎是被控人負有說服責任，因此控方不認爲有需要援引該等證據，裁判官亦不認爲有此需要。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That having been said, it should be made clear that notification requirements are not inherently inimical to the freedoms of assembly, procession and demonstration.

assistant: 話雖如此，本席應表明，通知的規定本質上不會損害集會、遊行和示威自由。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is that the impairment of operational efficiency is an element of the offence under PGO 6-01(8).

assistant: 那便是「影響工作效率」是警察通例第6-01(8)條下的違紀行爲的一項元素。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: or (ii) has (whether before or after commencement of the Immigration (Amendment) (No.4) Ordinance 1981 (75 of 1981) ) landed in Hong Kong unlawfully or is contravening or has contravened a condition of stay in respect of him;

assistant: 或 (ii) 已在香港非法入境（不論在《1981年人民入境（修訂）（第4號）條例》（1981年第75號）生效之前或之後），或正違反或已違反向他施加的逗留條件；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Investigation showed, however, that in fact it had been filed on 24 February 1998.

assistant: 可是，調查顯示，抗辯書其實已在1998年2月24日送交法院存檔。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is important for the court to bear in mind that the remedies granted should ensure respect for the legislation and its purpose.

assistant: 法庭務須緊記，其批予的補救應確保有關法例及其目的獲得尊重。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [Mr Kennedy] argued before this court that that was because it was thought that the arguments before the judge at that stage were restricted to points of law only.

assistant: [Kennedy先生]在本院席前辯稱，這是由於他們以爲當時只能向法官提出涉及法律論點的辯據。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: -  “(1) Everyone shall have the right to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and join trade unions for the protection of his interests.

assistant: —  “(一) 人人有自由結社之權利，包括爲保障其本身利益而組織及加入工會之權利。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: However, in his fourth affirmation, the appellant alleged that in their surveillance visits to his office, the HKQAA had examined not only his management system, but also individual files and checklists and were satisfied that they met the required ISO standards.

assistant: 然而，上訴人在其第四份誓詞中指稱，保證局在到訪其辦事處作檢查時，不但曾審視其管理系統，而且曾審視個別檔案及覈對表，並信納它們符合所需的ISO標準。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Despite Plaintiff's allegation that when he signed the photocopy there was nothing else in writing, the positions of the written words and Plaintiff's signature certainly discredit his words."

assistant: 原告指稱他簽名時，影印本未有寫上其他文字，但從文字及原告人簽名之位置觀之，他所言實不足爲信。」
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In the first place, the consideration he received for the sale of his shares in ESCT naturally reflected that uncertainty.

assistant: 首先，這種不確定性，自然反映在他售賣其ESCT股份所收取的代價上。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 4.  At their retrial, those two men each pleaded guilty and, receiving a one-third discount for that plea, were each sentenced to 18 years’ imprisonment.

assistant: 4. 該兩人在重審時認罪，並因此獲扣減三份之一刑期，每人被判監禁18年。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 28.  It is important to recognise that any question as to the interpretation of section 21 of the Ordinance arises, in the present cases, in the context of Leung and Yau having been found to have manifestly refused and wilfully omitted (and so, in the language of section 21, to have declined and neglected) to take the Legco oath when requested to do so.

assistant: 28.  認識到有關該條例第21條之釋義問題所出現的背景是很重要的。 在本案中，梁遊二人已被裁定在獲要求作出立法會誓言時，明顯不接受及蓄意遺漏（即，根據第21條的用字，已拒絕及忽略）作出該誓言。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That Act involved matters of foreign affairs and the so-called principle or theory of ‘restrictive immunity’ reflected therein was inconsistent with the consistent position of China in maintaining absolute immunity.

assistant: 該法涉及外交事務，其所反映的所謂的“限制豁免”原則或理論與我國一貫主張的絕對豁免原則立場不相符。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The common law does not in general adopt the approach that all extrinsic materials can be considered leaving their weight to be assessed.

assistant: 一般而言，普通法的處理方法是不會把所有外來資料先收入考慮之列，然後再衡量資料的分量。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I do not think the single judge procedure is intended to serve as a safeguard for the right of appeal of convicted persons or as a trial run for their applications.

assistant: 本席並不認爲單一名法官程序的目的是協助保障被定罪人士的上訴權利或是作爲許可申請的預演。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Public policy is likely to regard groups and associations pursuing legitimate objectives as possessing a sufficient common interest in related litigation to warrant their exclusion from the scope of maintenance and champerty.

assistant: 致力實踐合法目標的團體和組織，相當可能會獲公共政策視爲在相關訴訟中擁有足夠的共同權益，從而獲豁除於強行干預訴訟和分享訴訟成果的範圍之外。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 9. As Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead NPJ pointed out, the legal arguments on the issue of malice raised before the Court of Appeal and this Court were not raised before the judge.

assistant: 9. 正如非常任法官李啓新勳爵指出，關於“惡意”爭議點的法律論據只在上訴法庭及本院席前提出，並無在主審法官席前提出。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The hooks went into recesses in the granite slabs. They were then grouted in with cement thereby locking the slabs in place.

assistant: 該等嵌板是以魚尾鉤穩固在牆上，魚尾鉤則嵌入花崗石板的凹槽，然後灌上水泥薄漿從而將石板鎖穩。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: is recognised by His Majesty as a Sovereign”, so that the exact inquiry in that case was not whether the defendant is a member of the ambassadorial staff but whether he had been accepted and recognised by the Crown as such a member.

assistant: 因此，在該案確切查訊的，並非有關被告人是否大使的工作人員之一，而是他是否被政府接納和承認爲一名大使的工作成員。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The case in my opinion depends upon the answers to two simple questions.

assistant: 本席認爲，本上訴的結果須取決於以下兩個簡單問題的答案：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Accordingly, Kensland had breached the implied term.

assistant: 因此，Kensland違反了該隱含條款。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The choice made by the Court of Appeal cannot be said to fall below the wide range open to it.

assistant: 上訴法庭所作出的選擇，不能說是低於這個寬廣的範圍。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: On the contrary, justice would not be served if the Court were to proceed to judgment solely on the de minimis ground if it should transpire that 30 May 2000 was incorrectly assumed to be the date when the application was made.

assistant: 反之，假如本院僅基於關乎“瑣碎”的理由作出判決，而作出2000年5月30日爲申請日期的假設原來是錯誤的，則這將造成不公。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Occasionally, in extreme cases, an appeal may turn on counsel's conduct of the trial as a whole, for example a failure to conduct the case in accordance with any theory of a defence case where a clear line of defence is available.

assistant: 在偶然出現極端的情況中，上訴的成敗可能取決於大律師對審訊的整體處理方式，舉例說，在顯然可利用某抗辯路線的情況下，大律師卻未有按照該抗辯的任何理論處理有關案件。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The present case turns on the common law and not on statute.

assistant: 本案取決於普通法而非取決於法規。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: At the other end, the reason may be wilful such as the bankrupt's deliberate and dishonest intent to evade his obligations under bankruptcy law.

assistant: 在另一端，有關原因可能是出於故意，例如破產人蓄意及不誠實地意圖逃避他在破產法下的義務。