billchoa/3036384256-COMP7607-data huggingface dataset:
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 3.  There is nothing unprecedented in the idea of purposive construction aimed at promoting underlying legislative policy.

assistant: 3.  旨在推展背後立法政策、以立法目的爲基礎的詮釋方法，並非前所未聞的概念。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I would stress that there is no question here of justifying an adverse impact upon a constitutional right.

assistant: 本席欲強調，這點並不涉及把一項憲法權利所受的不利影響合理化的問題。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The magistrate accepted his evidence that he knew the declared dates of birth to be wrong but he had followed the dates on his passport at the time which had resulted from a mistake made by the Nepalese authorities and which he had unsuccessfully tried to persuade them to correct.

assistant: 主審裁判官接納他的證供，相信他雖然明知其所聲明的出生日期不正確，但當時只是照樣使用其護照上顯示的出生日期，該日期是被尼泊爾當局弄錯的，而他曾試圖說服當局作出修正，但不成功。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In this situation, the exercise of the residual discretion is likely to be engaged on the approach laid down in this judgment.

assistant: 此情況相當可能牽涉按照本判決所定下的方式行使剩餘酌情權。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I would therefore dismiss the plaintiffs’ appeal against the Court of Appeal’s decision to set aside the Judge’s award of aggravated damages.

assistant: 因此，本席駁回各名原告人因不服上訴法庭撤銷原審法官判給加重損害賠償的決定而提出的上訴。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This was confirmed by the Judge's clerk on 14 November 2002 in a letter in which the SFC was requested to file skeleton submissions in advance of the hearing.

assistant: 法官書記於同年11月14日致函證監會，除了確認上述要求外，還要求證監會於聆訊前呈交陳詞綱要。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The same provision and definition have been retained in all the subsequent versions of the Companies Ordinance and have become the present s.357 and s.2(1) of the Ordinance.

assistant: 相同的規定和定義獲其後所有版本的《公司條例》保留，現爲該條例的第357條及第2(1)條。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Despite this difference between the Technic and PT Dover cases, what the Court of Appeal sought to do in each case was the same, namely to follow the Nema-Antaios guidelines as it understood them.

assistant: 儘管Technic案與PT Dover案有此分別，上訴法院在該兩案中同樣試圖按其理解而依循Nema-Antaios指引。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Section 94A of CPO

assistant: 程序條例第94A條
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 28.  A pharmacologist, Professor John Yeung Hok-keung, called by the prosecution, described all four drugs as having sedative or sleep-inducing properties.

assistant: 28.  由控方傳召的藥理學家楊鶴強教授形容上述四種藥物一律具有鎮靜或催眠效用。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Even if these letters contained the essential elements we have discussed, they were not written while she was in Hong Kong.

assistant: 就算這些信件載有我等已論及的主要元素，這些信件都不是她身處香港時所寫的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But his claim to that status must first be verified. In holding the scheme (apart from the one way permit requirement) to be constitutional as it is directed towards verification, we have taken into account that the Director must operate it lawfully in a fair and reasonable manner and that there are safeguards to which its operation is subject.

assistant: 我等裁定因居權證計劃（持有單程證的規定除外）的目的在於覈實聲稱人身分，所以是符合憲法的，同時我等亦顧及到入境處處長必須合法地，以公正合理的態度來執行居權證計劃，而且在落實計劃時還有一些制衡的保護措施。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Step 3:

assistant: 步驟3：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: At the trial, prosecuting counsel (not Mr Kevin Zervos SC) cross-examined Mrs Kissel on the submissions, the affidavit evidence and the psychiatric assessments and reports put forward on her behalf at the bail hearing.

assistant: 原審時，控方大律師（並非資深大律師薛偉成先生）就Kissel太太一方在保釋聆訊中提出的陳詞、誓章證據和精神科評估及報告盤問Kissel太太。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: By section 30 of the Police Force Ordinance,\n[2] every police officer is required to obey all lawful orders of his superior officers and to obey and conform to police regulations and orders made under the Ordinance.

assistant: 按《警隊條例》\n[2] 第30條，所有警務人員須服從其上級人員的一切合法命令，亦須服從及遵守根據該條例而訂立的警察規例及命令。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Mr McCoy SC submits that the section created an offence of being in possession (physical possession and knowledge of possession) of an imitation firearm and that it is a defence under s.20(3)(c) for the defendant to satisfy the magistrate on the balance of probabilities of one of the matters there listed.

assistant: 資深大律師麥高義先生陳詞指出，這項條文把管有（實質管有和對管有知情）仿製火器訂立爲罪行，而被告人可根據第20(3)(c)條按“相對可能性衡量”標準使裁判官信納該項條文所列的其中一個事項存在，以作爲被告人的抗辯。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 8.  Following the acquittal, defence counsel asked the magistrate to award the appellant costs.

assistant: 8.  上訴人獲判無罪後，辯方大律師要求裁判官判給上訴人訟費。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: No measure of generosity in the interpretation process can extend its width to the point required by the respondents.

assistant: 無論以多寬鬆的尺度來詮釋該條文，都無法把其涵義擴展至答辯人所提倡的程度。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: He did not notify the Official Receiver of any of his trips or his departure on 19 July 2004.

assistant: 他沒有將其任何旅程或於2004年7月19日離境一事通知破產管理署署長。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The references which I am about to make to English practice directions are made in order to do justice to the arguments addressed to us on those practice directions.

assistant: 本席即將提述英格蘭的實務指示，而此舉乃爲了要充分分析雙方代表律師就該些實務指示而向我等提出的論點。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Under s. 42(4)(b) of the Immigration Ordinance Cap. 115 ("the Ordinance"), a person found guilty of such an offence is liable, on summary conviction, to imprisonment for two years.

assistant: 根據《入境條例》（第115章）第42(4)(b)條，任何人經簡易程序就上述罪行被定罪後，可被判處監禁兩年。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (I note that the 3 applicants are not applicants to the judicial review proceedings as explained below and are therefore not dealt with by the Director's undertaking.

assistant: （本席注意到，正如下文將解釋，該三名申請人並非該司法覆核法律程序中的申請人，因此未有按照處長的承諾被處理。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Each State will allot responsibility to the executive, the legislature or the courts as the case may be, in accordance with its own constitutional arrangements.

assistant: 每個國家都根據本身的憲法安排，按照情況所需，把責任分配給行政部門、立法機構或法院。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: After he handed Wu the stone, he continued to drive the van in which the victim was being abducted.

assistant: 他把石頭交給胡氏後，繼續駕駛他們用來誘拐受害人的輕型貨車。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: First, they must have found that the article was defamatory. If it were otherwise, the verdicts would have been in favour of all the defendants.

assistant: 首先，他們必定已裁定有關文章具誹謗性，否則他們已作出對所有被告人有利的裁決，因而沒有任何被告人會被裁定須負上誹謗的法律責任。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: FACC 4/2005 (31 August 2006) FACC No. 4 of 2005 IN THE COURT OF FINAL APPEAL OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION FINAL APPEAL NO. 4 OF 2005 (CRIMINAL) (ON APPEAL FROM CACC NO. 213 OF 2003)

assistant: FACC 4/2005 (31 August 2006) [Chinese Translation – 中譯本] FACC 4/2005 香港特別行政區 終審法院 終院刑事上訴2005年第4號 （原上訴法庭刑事上訴2003年第213號）
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The legislative approach is that, if such a transaction is entered into on the market, it is prohibited unless the parties can show that they had no purpose of creating a false or misleading market appearance.

assistant: 法例的處理方式是禁止此種交易在市場內進行，除非交易雙方能夠證明他們並無造成虛假或具誤導性的市場表象的目的，才作別論。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Limiting her client's constitutional challenge to no more than what is needed for the purposes of the case at hand, Ms Audrey Eu SC for the appellant submits that para. 3(1)(c) is such an impediment and is therefore unconstitutional.

assistant: 資深大律師餘若薇女士把其當事人提出的憲法質疑侷限於符合本案的目的之所需，並陳詞指第3(1)(c)段構成上述阻礙，故屬違憲。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Is it necessary, on grounds of public policy, that the doctrine of immunity should be carried as far as this?

assistant: 是否有必要以公共政策爲理由而把豁免原則延伸至如此大的範圍？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 44. According to Mr Qiao's speech, having considered the Chief Executive's Report, the State Council submitted to the NPCSC the Motion regarding the request for an interpretation of Articles 22(4) and 24(2)(3) of the Basic Law.

assistant: 44.  喬先生在其演說中指出，國務院經考慮行政長官的報告後，向全國人大常委會提出關於提請解釋《基本法》第22(4)和24(2)(3)條的議案。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Court so held in Lau Kong Yung where the Court stated that the Standing Committee's power of interpretation of the Basic Law under art. 158(1) originating from the Chinese Constitution "is in general and unqualified terms" (at 323B).

assistant: 本院在劉港榕一案亦作如此裁定，並表示常委會根據第一百五十八條第一款的規定對《基本法》作出解釋的權力是源自《中國憲法》，而這項權力是“全面而不受限制的”（第323頁B）。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: for example by an appropriate declaration.

assistant: 例如，以適當的宣告形式作出。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The position in England and Wales 148.

assistant: 英格蘭和威爾斯的立場 148.
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 10. The expression cause of action, as it appears in the statute, has been part of the legal vocabulary for a long time.

assistant: 10. 出現在上述法規的訴訟因由一詞，長久以來都是法律詞彙的一部分。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Article 20 provides :

assistant: 第二十條規定：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (13)  Court free to decide and decide independently 78.

assistant: (13)  法院有判決自由並獨立地判決 78.
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Moreover, Benetton had meanwhile started its counter-attack by commencing NAI 1616 which included a counterclaim which might affect any ultimate recovery.

assistant: 再者，貝納通已於同時展開反擊，提起NAI 1616，這包括一項反申索，可能影響到最終可討回的任何金額。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I am in complete agreement with his judgment.

assistant: 本席完全同意其判詞。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: that is, the adjustment reflected in the 2003 Ordinance, in September 2002 a working group was formed. It comprised members of Government and staff representatives.

assistant: 即反映在2003年條例的調整，這方面的工作小組於2002年9月組成，成員包括政府人員和員工代表。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (1) the appeal is allowed;

assistant: (1) 上訴得直；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As noted in Section C.1 above, the Court has ruled in Oei Hengkyo Wiryo\n[78] and subsequent decisions that it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove, as an element of the section 25(1) offence, that the property dealt with by the defendant in fact represents the proceeds of an indictable offence.

assistant: 正如上文C.1部所述，本院曾在Oei Hengkyo Wiryo一案\n[78] 及其後的裁決中裁定，控方無必要證明被告人所處理的財產事實上代表從可公訴罪行的得益，以作爲第25(1)條罪行的元素。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Privy Council rejected this claim on the ground that she was not entitled to a minimum emolument because the minister had power under the 1948 Act to vary or revoke any order for the time being in force.

assistant: 樞密院拒絕接納這項聲稱，理由是上訴人不享有最低薪俸，因爲該名部長有權根據《1948年公務員編制法》更改或撤回任何當時有效的命令。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (ii) such conduct must result in “serious pecuniary embarrassment”;

assistant: (ii)該行爲必須導致他的「財政出現嚴重困難」；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: He denied knowing that it was intended for breaking and entering premises.

assistant: 他否認知道工具是要用來爆開某個處所以便進入該處所。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Accordingly she refused to strike out the action and gave leave to amend the Writ and re-amend the Statement of Claim.

assistant: 法官因此拒絕剔除訴訟，並准許修改令狀和再次修改申索陳述書。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Section 11(10) continues validly to apply to persons who are not non-permanent residents with an unexpired limit of stay, for example, to visitors.

assistant: 第11(10)條可繼續有效地引用於逗留期限尚未屆滿的並不是非永久性居民的人，例如訪客。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In the course of the argument it was suggested that the question of the early arrivals' liberty be postponed to some later stage when it may be possible to raise it.

assistant: 在辯論期間，曾有人建議把關於早期抵達者的人身自由的問題推遲到可以提出該問題的較後階段才予以討論。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This initial stage of the exercise proved to be one of the most important battlegrounds in this case.

assistant: 過程中的這個初步階段，正是本案最重要的戰場之一。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As we have seen, following the US State Department’s declaration in the Tate Letter in 1952, the United States courts generally followed the executive’s lead in adopting a commercial exception to absolute immunity.

assistant: 如我等所見，美國國務院於1952年在Tate Letter內作出宣稱後，美國法院普遍依循行政主導，採納絕對豁免中有商業例外。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Whether the non‑recognised court concerned was of one type or the other, the courts of Hong Kong would give effect to its order where :

assistant: 不論有關的不被承認的法院是屬於這一種或另一種，香港法院均會在下述的情況下執行該法院的命令：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 11.  Since the appellant did not testify, there was no evidence from him as to where he was on 5 August 2005, especially in the afternoon.

assistant: 11.  上訴人沒有作供，因此他沒有證言說明他於2005年8月5日 — 特別是下午時分 — 身在何處。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: A tribunal of fact was entitled to infer that they acted in pursuit of their economic interests. That is why it was generally agreed that it was safe to infer that they were doing what they did for the purpose of earning commission rebates.

assistant: 法庭在作出事實裁斷時，有權推斷他們爲尋求經濟利益而進行有關活動，因此，大家均同意法庭可穩妥地推斷他們行事的目的是賺取佣金回扣。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Privy Council, which was then Hong Kong’s court of last resort, held that the restrictive doctrine was more consonant with justice, and applied that doctrine.

assistant: 當時爲香港終局法院的樞密院裁定，限制性法則較符合公正，因而採用該法則。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As Yuen JA aptly put it in the Court of Appeal (at para.91), its purpose is to ensure that bankrupts stay within the radar of the trustee so that the trustee could if required obtain his co-operation in the administration of his estate.

assistant: 誠如上訴法庭法官袁家寧適切地表述（載於上訴法庭判案書第91段），該項限制目的是確保受託人時刻清楚破產人的去向，使受託人在有需要時可以取得破產人的合作，以管理破產人的產業。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 34.  With the economic recession, the MRIR started to exceed 10% in the 2nd quarter of 2000.

assistant: 34.  隨着經濟衰退，中位比例在2000年第二季爲10.2%，開始超逾百份之十的水平。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The words "in force" must be given their proper meaning.

assistant: 「原有」一詞必須恰當地予以解釋。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It was clearly understood that the named applicants in the Ng Ka Ling and Chan Kam Nga cases would not be affected because the judgments were given in their favour. They were the direct beneficiaries of these decisions.

assistant: 大家都清楚知道，吳嘉玲案及陳錦雅案的具名申請人不會受影響，因這是對他們有利的判決，他們是這些決定的直接受益人。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: We held that the Taiwanese trustee in bankruptcy had capacity to sue in the courts of Hong Kong on the following basis.

assistant: 本法院基於下述的依據判定該臺灣破產案受託人，有行爲能力在香港法院提起訴訟。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 13.  The eight grounds on which the court may make an order under s.30A(3) are set out in s.30A(4) as follows:

assistant: 13.  法院可據之而按照第30A(3)條作出命令的八項理由，詳列在第30A(4)條。 其具體內容如下：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 43.  The prosecution relied heavily on the appellant’s failure to make any mention of the baseball bat in her various references to the violent argument on 2 November 2003, when she reported to others what had happened.

assistant: 43.  控方極爲倚賴這一點： 上訴人在多次提述2003年11月2日的暴力爭執和向他人報告曾發生何事時，完全未有提及棒球棒。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: A child of the mother from a previous marriage, that is, the father's stepchild, claimed to be a permanent resident within art. 24(2)(3).

assistant: 該名母親在上一段婚姻所生的一名子女，即是該名父親的繼子女，聲稱自己是符合第二十四條第二款第(三)項規定的永久性居民。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: while she may have severed her ties with the father and the father’s family, she certainly retains a relationship vis-à-vis her natural child.

assistant: 雖然她可能已與其子女的父親及他的家族斷絕關係，但她與其親生子女的關係卻肯定會持續。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In the Court of Appeal, Nazareth and Mortimer VPP agreed with this approach.

assistant: 上訴法庭的兩位副庭長黎守律及馬天敏都同意原訟庭法官的取向。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Apart from the certification and facilitation functions which relate to the traditional rights and interests of indigenous villagers, the village representative represents the village as a whole in liaising with the authorities on matters affecting the village and the welfare of the villagers.

assistant: 村代表除了掌管關乎原居村民的傳統權利及利益的核證與便利職能外，還代表整個鄉村就一些影響及鄉村和村民福利的事宜跟主管當局聯絡。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: He then joined PCCW as General Manager, Regulatory Compliance on 5 March 2007 and left on 20 March 2008 to re-join CSL as Head of Regulatory and Corporate Affairs. Mr Aitken is, however, not admitted as a solicitor in Hong Kong and did not act as in-house lawyer when employed by PCCW.

assistant: 他於2008年3月20日離職，重返CSL擔任規管及企業事務主管。 然而，艾廸勤先生在香港並未獲認許爲律師，在電訊盈科任職期間亦沒有以內務律師身份行事。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “Carried to its logical conclusion, the argument would suggest that the drug-misusing community is permitted to conduct itself in the context of what would otherwise be theft from each other with impunity.

assistant: 「該項辯據一旦被推演至合乎邏輯的結論，將意味着誤用毒品的社羣獲准作出在其他情況下本會構成互相盜竊的行爲而免受懲罰。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But that officer’s reasonable suspicion may properly be based upon any of those sources of hearsay information provided that such information leads him to form a genuine suspicion on grounds which an objective observer would regard as reasonable.

assistant: 不過，逮捕人員的合理懷疑可正確地建基於上述任何一種傳聞資料來源，條件是這些資料必須導致他產生真正的懷疑，而該懷疑必須建基於一名客觀的觀察者會視爲合理的理由。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (1) that the circumstantial evidence was sufficient to support such a finding;

assistant: “裁定(1)案中環境證據足以支持這樣的裁決；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The boundaries of this exception are in some respects unclear. But this is not the occasion on which to explore them.

assistant: 此例外情況的界限在某方面並不清晰，但本席不宜在此加以探討。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If the Court decides that it is arguable, the Court would then consider whether the classification and necessity conditions are satisfied.

assistant: 如果法院決定這論點是可爭論的話，便會進一步考慮是否符合“類別條件”及“有需要條件”。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: For the purposes of this appeal, it is unnecessary to dwell on the extensive evidence which related to this issue.

assistant: 就是次上訴而言，我等沒有必要詳述與此項爭議點有關的廣泛證據。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 24.  I have examined s.12(aa) of the LRO and its legislative history in context.

assistant: 24.  本席曾審視《收地條例》第12(aa)條及它在有關背景下的立法歷史。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In rejecting the relevant MLPs the Government made itself responsible for the delays which ensued as the height issue was debated and no construction could proceed.

assistant: 政府拒絕批准各份有關的總綱發展藍圖，令到高度方面的爭論持續及令建造工程無法進行，而對於由之而生的延誤，政府須承擔責任。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Often, there may be little prospect of recovering the costs incurred.

assistant: 他們能討回其所招致的訟費的機會往往也不大。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: However, much of the work done by the Conveyancing Department might have been closely related to the instructions received as indicated by an entry under the heading “File Type”.

assistant: 然而，物業轉易部門所承辦的工作，大多可能正如在「檔案種類」類目下的記項所顯示，與所收取的指示有着密切關係。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Statements may be found in Privy Council and English decisions which equate the burden of proof in civil cases of acts which are tantamount to a criminal offence to the criminal standard of proof.

assistant: 從英國樞密院及該國案例中可見下述言論： “在民事案中證明相當於刑事罪行的行爲”的舉證責任，等同於刑事舉證標準。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is true that one of the reasons why the law of confidence provides this special remedy against solicitors is the reason which justifies LPP, namely, the policy of encouraging free communication between client and solicitor in the interests of justice.

assistant: 誠然，保密法提供這種針對律師的特別補救方法的理由之一，亦正正是法律專業特權背後的政策理念，即是爲着維護公義而鼓勵客戶與律師之間自由地進行通訊。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The seriousness of misconduct will be judged by the rules, both written or unwritten, of the profession itself.

assistant: 失當行爲的嚴重性將依據醫務行業內成文及不成文的規則加以判斷。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The declaration of right was confined to the plaintiffs in those proceedings and they were not representative parties.

assistant: 而他們並不是代表當事人。 故此，本院所宣告的權利不會令任何其他人受益。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In an action for tortious liability the cause of action accrues the moment the wrongful act or omission causes damage.

assistant: 在針對侵權行爲而追究法律責任的訴訟中，訴訟因由在錯誤作爲或不作爲造成損害的時刻產生。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The judge at first instance found that the Government was not, and I respectfully agree with him.

assistant: 原審法官裁定政府並無違約，對此本席謹表贊同。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Between July 1998 and January 1999, the Authority decided to increase rents in accordance with the central provision but froze such increases.

assistant: 而自1998年7月至1999年1月的期間，房委會雖然決定按照中心條文的規定加租，但亦決定把加租凍結。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: However, this course can only be justified if the application is made at the first practicable opportunity and in the meantime all appropriate steps have been taken to ensure that the person in whose favour the order was made will not be disadvantaged pending the hearing of the application.”

assistant: 然而，此行徑只在以下情況纔有理可據： 該人把握首個切實可行的機會提出該項申請，而且在此期間已採取所有適當步驟，以確保受惠於該命令的人不會在該項申請等待聆訊期間蒙受不利。」
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: However, there was no Mainland law on sovereign state immunity and nor has one been passed since.

assistant: 但是，並沒有有關主權國家豁免的內地法律，自從主權移交以來也沒有通過有關法律。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: From the court’s point of view, such cases are much more difficult to try.

assistant: 從法庭的角度來看，審理該等案件會特別困難。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It follows that the outcome of the debate as to the effect of the Notice on the joint venture contracts under Chinese law ultimately does not matter.

assistant: 因此，就國務院通告在中國法律下對於涉案聯營合約的影響而言，不論這項爭辯有何結果，最終都是無關宏旨的。