billchoa/3036384256-COMP7607-data huggingface dataset:
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Since then the doctrine has evolved so as to include substantive enforcement of legitimate expectations.

assistant: 自此以後，這個法則一直演變到現時包括對合理期望在實體上予以執行。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In our view, whether it is a claim does not depend so much on his knowledge of that court's decision particularly when such decision was being challenged on appeal.

assistant: 我等認爲，這封信能否構成一項聲稱，並非視乎他是否已知道上訴法庭所作出的決定，尤其是當時該決定適值在上訴期間正受到質疑。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The right to be heard is protected under the Basic Law.

assistant: 陳詞的權利乃受《基本法》保障。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: By basing its reasoning on the premise that it was functus officio, the Court of Appeal assumed that it had been properly constituted when it heard the original appeal and begged the question at issue.

assistant: 上訴法庭以提出其職份已完以作爲其理據的前設，此乃假定審理原上訴的上訴法庭已妥爲組成，根本沒有回答真正的問題。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The next question is whether it is possible to apply a remedial interpretation to the legislative provisions in question in this case so as to make them Basic Law and BOR-consistent.

assistant: 接着的問題是： 能否就本案所涉的法例條文作出補救性詮釋，使之符合《基本法》和《人權法案》？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The appropriate level of precision must depend on the subject matter of the law in question.

assistant: 甚麼是適當的明確程度，必須視乎有關法例的標的事項而定。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The following orders are appropriate:

assistant: 本院認爲以下命令乃屬恰當：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “The purpose of ordering security for costs against a plaintiff ordinarily resident outside the jurisdiction is to ensure that a successful defendant will have a fund available within the jurisdiction of this court against which it can enforce the judgment for costs.

assistant: “命令一名通常居於本司法管轄區以外地方的原告人提供訟費保證，目的是確保在本院的司法管轄範圍內有一筆儲備金，以供被告人在勝訴時強制執行訟費判決。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: To avoid being undeservedly credited (or debited) with originality, I should disclose this.

assistant: 爲免在不配的情況下獲稱許（或被指責）具有獨創性，本席應先透露：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The courts should in such matters speak with the same voice as the executive (see The Fagernes \n[1927] P 311):

assistant: 在此等事宜上法院應與行政機關口徑一致（參閱The Fagernes \n[1927] P 311):
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But if the cause of action lies in the company and not in the director, the latter’s hurt feelings have no bearing on the damages recoverable by the company.

assistant: 但如果是公司有而不是董事有訴訟因由，則後者的感情受傷對該公司可追討的損害賠償毫無關係。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Thus, in relation to the old DTROP, in AG of Hong Kong v Lee Kwong Kut,\n[94] Lord Woolf of Barnes stated:

assistant: 因此，就舊版《販毒（追討得益）條例》而言，伍爾夫勳爵（Lord Woolf of Barnes）曾在AG of Hong Kong v Lee Kwong Kut一案\n[94] 指出：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This was refused by the Master on 26 January.

assistant: 聆案官於1月26日拒絕其要求。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is said that, at the time the alleged offences were committed, the market manipulation complained of in charges 1 and 2 was effectively co-extensive with the market manipulation prohibited by s.135 of the Securities Ordinance, Cap. 333, which is now repealed.

assistant: 上訴人辯稱，被指干犯涉案罪行之時，第1和第2項控罪所指控的市場操控，實際上是與香港法例第333章《證券條例》（現已廢除）下禁止市場操控行爲的第135條範圍重疊。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Prosecution case

assistant: 控方案情
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Affirming on behalf of IRCL and Sony, Miss Tsang named Sony as the owner of subsisting copyright in the Song.

assistant: 她代表IRCL及新力，以非宗教式宣誓指名新力是該首歌曲的存續版權的擁有人。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 9.  These appeals are brought pursuant to the grant of leave to appeal by the Appeal Committee for the appellant to pursue the following point of law of great and general importance certified by the Court of Appeal :

assistant: 9.  本上訴由上訴人於獲得上訴委員會給予上訴許可後提出，目的是就以下經上訴法庭核證爲具有重大及廣泛重要性的法律論點尋求答案：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (c)   Prior to rendering a final judgment in this matter, the Court is under a duty pursuant to Article 158(3) of the Basic Law to refer, and does hereby refer, the questions set out in Section G of this judgment to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, being questions relating to the interpretation of Articles 13 and 19 of the Basic Law, those Articles being provisions which concern respectively foreign affairs within the responsibility of the Central People’s Government and the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region, the interpretation sought being necessary for the Court’s adjudication of the present case.

assistant: (c)   在予此案終局判決之前，本院有責任依據《基本法》第158（3）條將列於本判詞G部的問題提交，並特此提交，全國人民代表大會常務委員會； 該等問題與《基本法》第13和19條的解釋有關，該等條文分別爲關於中央人民政府責任範圍內管理的外交事務及中央和香港特別行政區的關係的條款，就此尋求的解釋是爲本院審理本案所必需的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: \n[10] See Section E.4 below.

assistant: \n[10] 見下文E.4部。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But by no means does it follow that this provides a basis for contending that the provision is unconstitutional although, of course, if the court concludes that a particular provision is unconstitutional, it is bound to declare it so.

assistant: 這並不表示可據之而聲稱有關條文違憲，但誠然，法院如斷定某項條文違憲，便必須作出宣告以示明此點。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 29.  And in R v Johnstone, Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead (with whom the other members of the House of Lords agreed) stated:

assistant: 29. 在R v Johnstone案中，李啓新勳爵表示（其所言獲案中上議院法庭其他法官贊同）：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 42. In considering this development, a point needs emphasis.

assistant: 42. 在考慮這個發展時，有一點需要強調：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: \n[2008] 2 WLR 311, the idea that the intelligence and other personal characteristics of the plaintiff are taken into account (adhered to by Purchas LJ) should be rejected.

assistant: \n[2008] 2 WLR 311案指出，認爲要考慮原告人的智力和其他個人特質的想法（該想法爲上訴法院法官Purchas所堅守）不應獲接納。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In any event, as we have seen, by enacting the SIA 1978, a year after Trendtex was decided, the British Parliament took over responsibility for defining the scope of and exceptions to state immunity as applied in the United Kingdom and extended to Hong Kong.

assistant: 無論如何，如我等所見，在Trendtex案判決後一年，英國議會藉制定《1978年國家豁免法》，承接了界定適用於英國和延伸適用於香港的國家豁免範圍和例外情況的責任。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: To frustrate such a legitimate expectation would be unfair to the applicants and constitute an abuse of power, according to the argument.

assistant: 按照他們的論據，使這個合理期望落空就是對各申請人不公，也是濫用權力。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (1) Oath taking is the legal prerequisite and required procedure for public officers specified in the Article to assume office.

assistant: (一) 宣誓是該條所列公職人員就職的法定條件和必經程序。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That letter also informed the Developers (as had various other government officers) that no relaxation of the 324 mPD height limit could be considered unless a higher limit could be shown to be workable after subjecting the ILS to extensive computer modelling and flight tests.

assistant: 該信函亦通知衆發展商（一如其他多名政府人員也曾作出通知），除非在儀器降落系統經廣泛的電腦模擬飛行測試後證明一項更高的限制可行，否則當局不可能考慮放寬該項主水平基準以上324米的高度限制。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It requires the defendant to satisfy the court that he “could not with reasonable diligence have ascertained” the falsity.

assistant: 它規定被告人須令法庭信納他「即使已盡合理的努力，亦不能確定」其虛假性。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But it is recorded that the generally held view is that waiver extends to execution.

assistant: 但據記載，一般所持的觀點是豁免的放棄延伸適用於執行。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The appellant seeks to distinguish these cases on the basis that the United Kingdom legislation in question provided for mandatory forfeiture and did not contain the discretionary element provided for in s.28(7).

assistant: 上訴人試圖就上述案例作出識別，所據理由是有關的英國法例規定強制性沒收，而並不載有第28(7)條所規定的酌情性元素。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: She now asks us to grant her such leave. Like the Court of Appeal, we see no good reason for doing so.

assistant: 她現正請求我等，給予她如是許可。 我等如同上訴法庭一樣，亦認爲沒有充分理由支持如是做法。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The National People's Congress and its Standing Committee exercise the legislative powers of the state. Article 58.

assistant: 全國人民代表大會及它的常務委員會行使國家立法權（第58條）。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In the witness-box Mr Lam and Miss Tsang acknowledged that they had no personal knowledge as to any copyright subsistence or ownership of any of the copyright works.

assistant: 林先生和曾小姐在庭上作供時承認，他們本身並不知悉涉案任何版權作品的任何版權的存在或任何擁有權。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (i) that the administrative decision-maker will reach that result even after taking the expectation duly into account;

assistant: 除非法庭確實認爲(i)有關的行政決策人把合理期望正式考慮後，所得的也是該項結果；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: “Is there still rule of law in Hong Kong Wrongful imprisonment!

assistant: “香港是否仍有法治？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I do not understand the courts below to be adopting the “downward” succession concept under Chinese customary law in construing s.4(7).

assistant: 按本席的理解，下級法庭在解釋第4(7)條時並無採取中國習慣法下的“向下”繼承概念。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: He can only establish his status by holding a valid travel document and a valid certificate of entitlement affixed thereto.

assistant: 此類人士只可藉持有有效旅行證件及附貼於該旅行證件上的有效居留權證明書才能確立其身分。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If such a purpose needs reinforcement then it is to be found in article 19(1) of the Bill of Rights which provides ?

assistant: 假如需要有進一步基礎以支持上述目的之存在，則可參看《人權法案》第19(1)條。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The law of defamation is, in all conscience, sufficiently complex, even tortuous, without introducing further subtle distinctions which will be hard to explain to a jury.

assistant: 憑心而論，即使沒有提出難以向陪審團解釋的進一步細微差別，關於誹謗的法律亦已夠複雜，甚或迂迴艱深。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If the disposal of the present appeal required an answer to Mr Sumption’s fifth question, I would answer it in favour of the developers. But the disposal of the present appeal does not require an answer to this question.

assistant: 假如必須回答Sumption先生所提出的第五個問題纔可處置本上訴，則本席會以對各名發展商有利的方式回答該問題。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The respondent was not exempted or excluded.

assistant: 答辯人並沒有如此獲豁免或被排除。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (2) The effect of such an order under the Ordinance is as follows :

assistant: (2) 該條例下的有關領養令效力如下：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In so concluding the New Zealand court gave careful consideration to the argument that, upon analysis, the damage suffered by the plaintiff was pure economic loss:

assistant: 新西蘭上訴法院在作出如此結論時，已仔細考慮以下論據，即經分析下，原告人所蒙受的損害乃純經濟損失：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: and (b) the value of the money and other property dealt with is an element of the offence in question;

assistant: 及 (b) 經處理的金錢和其他財產的價值是相關罪行的元素；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (2003) 6 HKCFAR 26 the statutory provision under constitutional challenge purported to make a constitutional right subject to an administrative discretion. We struck down the challenged provision.

assistant: (2003) 6 HKCFAR 26��，受到憲法質疑的法定條文看來使一項憲法權利受到一項行政酌情權規限，而本院最終廢除該項受質疑的條文。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But what of the situation where the defendant’s asserted perceptions or beliefs, even though believed, would strike others as excessively naïve or gullible or foolish in the light of objective facts known to the defendant which would have led others readily to believe that reasonable grounds existed to believe that the property was tainted?

assistant: 但假如被告人所聲稱的觀感或信念即使獲相信也會使他人感到過於天真、幼稚或愚蠢，因爲考慮到被告人所知的客觀事實，他人將容易相信存在合理理由相信有關財產有問題，則情況又如何？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 6. Mr Luk for the respondent submits as follows.

assistant: 6.  代表答辯人的副刑事檢控專員陸貽信先生陳述如下：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Mr Aitken was admitted as a solicitor in New South Wales in 1997 and was in private practice for some five or six years before spending the following two years as an in-house lawyer for an Australian telecommunications company.

assistant: 艾廸勤先生於1997年在新南威爾斯獲認許爲律師，私人執業約五、六年後，在一家澳洲電訊公司任職內務律師兩年。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Four principles appear to me to underpin the White and Miller line of cases.

assistant: 本席認爲White案和Miller案 系列的案例以4個原則爲基礎。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: A law is amended by the enactment by the legislature of a subsequent statute to amend it.

assistant: 某項法律是藉著立法機關其後所制定的法規而被修改。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Those mining rights were owned by a DRC state-owned company called La Générale des Carrières et des Mines (“Gécamines”, also known as “Congo Mining”) and the parties agreed that Gécamines would transfer those rights to the proposed joint venture company pursuant to a Joint Venture Agreement to which Gécamines would be a party, along with five subsidiaries of the two Chinese contracting parties.

assistant: 該等礦權的擁有者是名爲剛果（金）國家礦業公司 (La Générale des Carrières et des Mines )（“Gécamines”，又稱“剛果礦業”) 的DRC國有企業，而各方協定將由Gécamines，依據將以Gécamines爲一方及中國兩締約方的五家附屬公司亦參與的合資協議，轉讓該等權利予所建議的合資公司。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 19.  Finally, I should say something about the legislative history, which Mr Benjamin Yu SC, on behalf of the SFC, has set out in his printed case.

assistant: 19.  最後，本席應約略一提代表證監會的資深大律師餘若海先生在其案由述要陳述書中提到的立法歷史。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The impact of the overseas decree on the Hong Kong matrimonial processes under s. 25(1) of cap. 192 is a consequence of law.

assistant: 該項外地判令對於在香港根據第192章第25(1)條進行的婚姻法律程序的影響，乃是一項法律後果。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The contract with Whale View had to be completed by 1 pm on 2 September 1997 at the offices of TTC.

assistant: Kensland與Whale View的合約須於1997年9月2日下午1時以前在戴鄧莊李的辦事處完成。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Before discussing that rule, it is appropriate to address two aspects of the judicial system.

assistant: 討論此規則前，宜先處理香港司法制度的兩方面：
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Where the Court of Appeal is satisfied that its previous decision on a question of statutory interpretation is plainly wrong in failing to ascertain the true intent of the Legislature, it may be more prepared to depart from its previous decision, having regard to the courts’ responsibility to give effect to the legislative intent.

assistant: 假如上訴法庭信納其先前一項關於法例釋義問題的裁決因沒有確定立法機關的真正意圖而顯然錯誤，則考慮到法庭有責任體現立法意圖，上訴法庭可能更樂意背離該項先前裁決。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In our view, that argument does not sufficiently take account of Article 160 of the Basic Law, the 1997 Decision and section 2A of the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance.

assistant: 我們認爲，該項論據並沒充分顧及《基本法》第一百六十條、“1997年的決定”和《釋義及通則條例》第2A條。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: But about 35 minutes later, he returned to the same location and was seen again to have approached a few other persons who ignored him.

assistant: 但他約於35分鐘後返回同一地點，並被發現走近另外數人，但不獲他們理會。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: To read the protection as applying in both cases conforms with the vesting of judicial power in the courts of the Region (art. 80) and the vesting of the power of final adjudication in the Court of Final Appeal (art. 82).

assistant: 再者，將有關保障理解爲俱適用於這兩個情況，既符合將審判權歸屬於特區各級法院的規定（見第八十條），亦與將終審權歸屬於終審法院的做法（見第八十二條）協調一致。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The more specific question is whether the failure to conduct the PTS for the purposes of Cap. 580 was such a material change that it resulted in the abandonment of the previous system, involving the prevention of the "special bodies" responsible for pay and conditions from fulfilling their protected functions.

assistant: 較具體的問題是： 沒有爲第580章條例的目的進行薪酬趨勢調查，是否構成重大改變，以致原有制度被捨棄，包括令負責薪金及條件事宜的“專門機構”無法履行其受保障的職能？
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The next argument advanced on behalf of Mr Seeberger is that Mr Unruh failed to use his best endeavours as required by Clause 4(A) so that he does not qualify for the Special Bonus.

assistant: 史璧加先生的代表提出的下一項論點，是指Unruh先生沒有按第4(A)條的要求而盡其最大努力，因此他沒有資格獲支付該特別花紅。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: A dishonest or corrupt motive will be necessary as in situations where the officer is exercising a power or discretion with a view to conferring a benefit or advantage on himself, a relative or friend.

assistant: 在有些情況下，如果涉及公職人員爲了給自己或親友若干利益或好處而行使權力或酌情權，則必須證明該人員懷有不誠實或貪污舞弊的動機。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: With the increased involvement of sovereign states in commercial transactions there has been increasing consensus that the rule that a waiver can only be made before the court, whether in the suit proceedings or the enforcement proceedings in spite of earlier agreements to submit is unjust to those with whom sovereign states make commercial contracts.

assistant: 隨著越來越多主權國參與商業交易，越來越多人認同，只能在法庭席前 （不管是訴訟法律程序還是強制執行法律程序） 放棄豁免（即使已有接受仲裁的協議）的規則，對那些與主權國訂立商業合約的人不公平。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: For example, it may be constrained by its financial position, taking into account the continuing need to construct public housing for those on the waiting list and the desirability of improving conditions in existing estates.

assistant: 舉例說，考慮到有需要持續爲輪候冊上的申請人興建公屋以及改善現有屋邨的環境，房委會便可能受其財政狀況所限而要限制租金減幅。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Lord Mustill's dictum giving support has already been mentioned.

assistant: 本席已在上文提及Mustill勳爵表示支持上述詮釋的意見。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 9. Each of the five charges (see Annex B) alleged that Yeung dealt in sums of money in five bank accounts during periods between different dates commencing in 2001 and ending in 2007.

assistant: 9.   五項控罪（見附件B）各指楊先生從2001年起至2007止在不同時段處理五個銀行帳戶內的款項。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 16.  The answer to these arguments is that the remedies provided under s 213 serve a different purpose from the penalties which can be imposed by a criminal court or the MMT.

assistant: 16.  對於上述辯論，回應是： 第213條提供的補救方法與刑事法庭或該審裁處可施加的懲罰所擬達到的目的不同。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: If the "previous judgments unaffected" argument is correct, then two consequences ensue.

assistant: 倘若該“在此以前的判決不受影響”的論據是正確的話，那麼就會產生兩個後果。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: (6) Knowledge that any acts or omissions did or did not, as a matter of law, involve negligence is irrelevant for the purposes of subsection (1).

assistant: (6) 就第(1)款而言，對任何作爲或不作爲在法律上是否涉及疏忽知悉與否，並不相關。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Mr. MacNaughton agreed that this commonly, occurred in the market.

assistant: MacNaughton先生同意這種情況在市場上相當普遍。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [The Standing Committee] shall authorize the courts of [the HKSAR] to interpret on their own, in adjudicating cases, the provisions of this Law which are within the limits of the autonomy of the Region.

assistant: [常委會]授權[香港特區]法院在審理案件時對本法關於[香港特區]自治範圍內的條款自行解釋。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 49.  However, on 19 August 2001, the appellant was told that it had been decided to set aside his conviction and to have a re-hearing.

assistant: 49.  可是，於2001年8月19日，上訴人獲告知已決定把他的定罪作廢，並會進行重新聆訊。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The seriousness of the damage is relevant because there may be cases where, although it is known that loss has been suffered due to the negligence of another person, the loss may appear for a time so minor that no one would contemplate instituting proceedings.

assistant: 損害的嚴重程度是相關的，因爲在某些情況下，雖然有關損失已知是由他人的疏忽引致，但該損失在某段時間內可能看來非常輕微，以致沒有人會打算提起法律程序。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As a technique of concealing the proceeds of email fraud this seems potentially effective.

assistant: 作爲隱藏從電郵詐騙所得的得益的技巧，這個安排看似可能有效。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Urban development is nowadays usually left to private developers, who seek any necessary modification of the terms of their lease, rather than undertaken by the Government after resumption.

assistant: 現今城市發展通常不是由政府在收地後承擔，而是交由私人發展商進行，而他們負責尋求任何所需的租契條款修改。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In this judgment, unless otherwise stated, references to section numbers are references to sections in the Bylaw.

assistant: 於本判案書，除另行述明外，凡提述條文編號，均指該附例的條文。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: "Immigrant" is defined to mean a person who is not a Hong Kong permanent resident and would therefore include a non-permanent resident.

assistant: “入境者”的定義是指並非香港永久性居民的人（見第2條），因此包括非永久性居民。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: He was unable to adopt a similar approach to the union of concubinage between Mr Sung and Madam Sung So Chun, because Madam Sung So Chun never became resident in Hong Kong.

assistant: 另一方面，對於孫先生與宋素珍女士之間的夫妾關係，羅傑志法官認爲他不可以採取類似的處理方法，因爲宋女士從未居於香港。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Chief Justice Li : 88.

assistant: 終審法院首席法官李國能： 88.
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Regarding those benefits “underinclusive”, the Supreme Court of Canada declared that legislation unconstitutional. But the court suspended the declaration pending corrective legislation either cancelling the benefits or extending them.

assistant: 該案涉及一項授予利益的法例，加拿大最高法院認爲有關的利益“涵蓋不足”，因此宣告該項法例違憲，但暫停執行該項宣告，以等候制訂取消或延伸有關利益的糾正法例。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Another matter relied on was the litigation between the two groups of companies.

assistant: 他依賴的另一事宜是兩個集團公司之間的訴訟。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The broad terms in which the offence is cast are sufficient to enable the public officer to regulate his conduct.

assistant: 用以訂立這項罪行的概括言詞，足以讓公職人員規管自己的行爲。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Because this requirement can apply only as from 1 July 1997, art. 22(4) is therefore prospective in effect.

assistant: 由於這規定只是由1997年7月1日纔開始適用，因此，第二十二條第四款的效力是預期性從該日開始的。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: They are both permanent residents enjoying the right of abode.

assistant: 他們都是香港永久性居民，享有居留權。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: We make an order nisi that the appellants do pay the costs of the respondent in this appeal.

assistant: 各上訴人須支付答辯人在本上訴中的訟費。