billchoa/3036384256-COMP7607-data huggingface dataset:
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: And to cater for those situations in which our examination requirements cannot be escaped, we also asked HKSI to look at the exams – not to make them easier I hasten to add – but to refresh them and make them more relevant.

assistant: 此外，爲了顧及無法獲豁免考試規定的商號，我們已要求香港證券專業學會檢討考試內容，但我必須補充這不是要令試題變得容易，而是要更新試題及使內容更切合目前所需。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The position of a Non-Executive Chairman is a public service appointment, and as Chairman, I receive a moderate sum of honorarium.

assistant: 非執行主席的職位屬公職委任性質，而我作爲主席可獲得一筆適中的酬金。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 11. Since April 2003, all listing applications have to pass by both the Exchange and the SFC – under what is known as Dual Filing.

assistant: 11. 自 2003 年 4 月以來，所有上市申請都必須根據所謂的雙重存檔制度經由交易所及證監會覈准。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As some of you may recall, the Tracker Fund was established for purposes of the orderly disposal of the equity positions acquired by the government during the 1997-98 financial turmoil in Asia, and was the first of its kind to be authorized by the Commission.

assistant: 相信大家還記得，成立盈富基金，是爲了有秩序地出售政府於 1997 至 1998 年亞洲金融風暴期間買入的股票，而盈富基金也是首隻獲證監會認可的同類產品。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Our overall staff turnover in 2005 was 14.1% which compared with 11.8% for 2004.

assistant: 本會在 2005 年的整體職員流失率爲 14.1%，而 2004 年則爲 11.8%。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 21. So that covers the international efforts at strengthening the soundness of securities market.

assistant: 21. 上述便是國際上爲加強證券市場的穩健性而作出的努力。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Sometimes it is replacement capital for money already spent.

assistant: 有時是爲了補充已用掉的資金。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese:  Since the first RMB bond issued in 2007, total RMB bond issued in Hong Kong amounted to about RMB82 billion

assistant: 自2007年首次發行人民幣債券以來，已於香港發行總額約值人民幣820 億元的人民幣債券
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is interesting to note also that while there was no clear leader among the Asian centres in the 2005 report, the latest analysis suggests that Hong Kong leads the way from Singapore and is well ahead of other Asian centres including Tokyo.

assistant: 此外，值得注意的是，雖然 2005 年的報告認爲亞洲各金融中心之間沒有明顯領先者，但這項最新的分析卻顯示香港不單超越新加坡，還遙遙領先包括東京在內的其他亞洲中心。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In January we saw the listing of the first ETF in Hong Kong tracking a Shenzhen Stock Exchange index. This was also the first ETF managed by the Hong Kong subsidiary of a Chinese Mainland financial institution.

assistant: 今年 1 月，首隻追蹤深圳證券交易所指數的 ETF 在香港上市，這亦是首隻由內地金融機構在香港的附屬公司管理的 ETF。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: We work outside the Mainland theatre. In the new paradigm that I have just outlined, we must work inside the Mainland theatre, and seek to play an integral role in the overall design and execution of the China story as it continues to unfold.

assistant: 依照我剛纔簡介的新模式，我們必須走進內地舞臺，參與設計及執行中國整體發展藍圖，致力在內地新一章發展歷程中扮演不可或缺的角色。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The cross-listing of Hong Kong and Taiwan ETFs has landmark significance.

assistant: 港臺兩地 ETF 的跨境上市意義重大。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Intermediaries would then characterise those clients (other than professional investors) who have derivative knowledge as “clients with derivative knowledge”.

assistant: 然後，中介人應將具備衍生工具知識的客戶（專業投資者除外）歸類爲“對衍生工具有認識的客戶”。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The above data show that Hong Kong is a vibrant international financial centre with sustained growth.

assistant: 以上數據體現了香港是一個充滿動力，持續發展的國際金融中心。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The submissions that we received indicated substantial market support for this structure.

assistant: 從我們接獲的意見看來，這個架構獲得極多的市場人士支持。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Some trends in the funds sector Let me now share with you some of the trends regarding new funds that we are beginning to see in the market.

assistant: 基金業趨勢我想分享一些正在市場逐步浮現，與新基金有關的趨勢。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I hope that you will apply these skills to building better transparency regarding yourselves and your business.

assistant: 我希望你們可以運用這些技巧，提高自身及貴公司業務的透明度。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In parallel and just as importantly, you should be satisfied that your fund’s trustee has properly performed its asset segregation duties, and that you have adequate liquidity to meet a larger than normal amount of redemptions.

assistant: 與此同時，基金經理還須確保基金受託人已適當地履行分隔資產的責任，而基金亦須持有足夠流動資金，能應付較平常爲多的贖回要求。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Consumer Council Survey The Hong Kong Consumer Council also carried out a survey that was published earlier this year to assess the level of service and advice by investment advisers at 33 financial institutions.

assistant: 消費者委員會調查 香港消費者委員會亦進行了一項調查，評估33家金融機構的投資顧問所提供的服務和意見的水平，而有關結果亦已於今年較早前發表。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Roughly 60% of the newly-licensed corporations were licensed for Type 9 regulated activity, which is asset management. Meanwhile, the number of licensed representatives passed the 40,000 mark.

assistant: 在新獲發牌的法團當中，約有 60%就第 9 類受規管活動（即提供資產管理）獲發牌照。 與此同時，持牌代表的人數亦突破了 40,000 名。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This robust environment has raised concerns among many stakeholders as to the long term future of the Hong Kong market.

assistant: 這個蓬勃的環境令很多相關團體關注香港市場的長遠未來。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That is why an important objective of the Manager-In-Charge initiative is to provide more guidance on who is regarded as senior management and who should seek to become ROs, as well as guidance on the management structure information which is required to be submitted to the SFC.

assistant: 因此，核心職能主管措施的重要目的，是就誰人會被視爲高級管理層和誰人應申請成爲負責人員提供更多指引，以及就有關須向證監會呈交的管理架構資料提供指引。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Investors on the other hand have capital – what they want is a return on their money. They are prepared to take a risk in doing this.

assistant: 另一方面，投資者卻持有資金—他們想藉著資金來產生回報，也願意爲此而接受一定的風險。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: It is our policy that when we allow a fund product that is novel to retail investors in Hong Kong, an investor education programme to help investors understand the product, how it works and its risks is rolled out at the same time.

assistant: 本會的政策是每次認可一種對香港零售投資者來說是全新的基金產品時，有關方面必須同時推出投資者教育活動，以協助投資者了解產品，包括運作原理及風險。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Just ahead of Singapore but well ahead of markets such as Shanghai or even Tokyo.

assistant: 香港剛好領先於新加坡，但卻遠遠拋離上海或甚至東京等市場。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: First, given its institutional constraints (such as capital account control and the level of market sophistication), the Mainland’s capital markets are still at a developing stage.

assistant: 首先，鑑於內地存在各種制度上的限制(例如資本帳戶控制及市場成熟程度)，內地資本市場目前仍然處於發展階段。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I shall not get into details, but I mention it just to illustrate how multiple layers of complex financial products have been created based on the sub-prime loans, and held by a variety of investors that have relied on ratings of the instruments.

assistant: 我不打算在此詳細敍述，但我提及上述種種，旨在顯示多層的複雜金融產品是如何依據次級貸款而設計出來，及由依賴投資工具的評級的各類投資者所持有。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Speech at the Luncheon of the Hong Kong Institute of Directors By Mr Eddy Fong Chairman, Securities and Futures Commission “The Role of the SFC Chairman – Towards a More Effective and Efficient Securities Market” 26 January 2007 Chairman Mr Peter Wong, Fellow members, Distinguished guests Introduction It is my honour to be invited to the Institute luncheon today.

assistant: 證券及期貨事務監察委員會主席方正先生在香港董事學會午餐會的演說 “證監會主席的角色――提升證券市場的效益和效率” 2007 年 1 月 26 日 黃紹開主席、各位會員、嘉賓： 引言 今天我很榮幸獲邀出席香港董事學會的午餐會。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Therefore, the more comprehensive the statutory backing for the disclosure requirements under the Listing Rules, and the capacity to impose penalties on offenders that would be sufficiently severe to deter disclosure failures, the better the market will perform its functions and the stronger will be the protection of the interests of investors and minority shareholders alike.

assistant: 因此，對《上市規則》內的披露規定賦予的法定效力，以及對違規者施加足以阻嚇披露缺失的嚴厲懲處的能力愈全面，巿場將能夠更有效地發揮其功能，而投資者及小股東的權益亦將得到更大保障。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The aim of the MMOU is to facilitate cross border enforcement and exchange of information among the securities regulators.

assistant: 《諒解備忘錄》旨在促進證券監管者之間的跨境執法及信息交流。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 23. One needs to be fit and proper in order to be licensed by the SFC or the EAA.

assistant: 23. 不論是證監會或是監管局，要獲得牌照，都必須是適當人選。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 6. Over the coming period we are likely to see a significant number of companies and trusts listing on the stock exchange.

assistant: 6. 在未來一段時間，我們很可能會見到爲數不少的公司及信託基金在證券交易所上市。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Perhaps if I can start with Hong Kong, I will run down just some of the attributes that make Hong Kong such a superb place for investment management opportunities.

assistant: 或許我可以首先從香港說起，我會列舉使香港成爲充滿投資管理機遇的超級都會的若干優勢。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 13. I would be happy to answer any questions that the Honourable Members may have.

assistant: 13. 我很樂意回答各位議員的任何提問。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This is indicative of Hong Kong’s ability to attract capital for management, and also of the capabilities of our intermediaries, and that includes many of you here.

assistant: 這反映出香港有能力吸引外來資金進行委託管理，亦展現出香港中介人，包括在座各位的專業才能。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This just means we need to conduct a more detailed scrutiny of applications and work closer with other regulators such as the CSRC.

assistant: 這表示我們需對申請個案進行更詳細的審查，並需與其他監管機構，例如中國證監會，更緊密合作。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: We have already begun to see some adjustments in the past two weeks, as I will elaborate shortly.

assistant: 過去兩週內，市場已開始出現若干調整，而我將會對此詳加說明。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The listing of the Link REIT, the first REIT in Hong Kong, is so far the largest REIT IPO in the world.

assistant: 迄今，香港首項房地產基金――領匯基金的上市，是全球最大型的房地產基金的首次公開發售。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: A recent Retail Investor Survey found that investment funds were Hong Kong retail investors’ second most popular investment, with a participation rate that has doubled in two years to 18.1% in 2005.

assistant: 近日一項《散戶投資者調查》發現，投資基金在最受香港散戶投資者歡迎的投資產品當中排名第二，參與率在兩年內增長一倍，達到2005年的 18.1%。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: This means that the option of using the RQFII quota from other jurisdictions is open to you.

assistant: 這就意味著，大家有權選擇是否運用其他司法管轄區的 RQFII 額度。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: New legislation currently being considered by the Government - giving statutory effect to certain disclosure requirements in the Listing Rules - will significantly enhance the SFC’s ability to clamp down on inadequate and misleading information disclosed by listed companies.

assistant: 政府現時考慮中的新法例－賦予《上市規則》內若干披露規定法定效力的規定，將大幅提高證監會遏止上巿公司披露不充分及具誤導性資料的能力。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 24 October 2008 Comments made by the SFC’s Chief Executive Officer Mr Martin Wheatley on risks and exposures of structured products We have just received a number of complaints from investors in structured products – these products were related to Lehman Brothers but were not Minibonds.

assistant: 2008 年 10 月 24 日 證券及期貨事務監察委員會行政總裁韋奕禮先生（Mr Martin Wheatley）闡述結構性投資產品的風險 我們剛收到投資者向本會作出的多宗投訴，這些結構性產品投資者都是投資於與雷曼兄弟集團相關，但並非迷你債券的產品。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Our reform proposals were not just aimed at accommodating market developments in certain areas but also to address issues identified as a result of the financial crisis and the failure of Lehman Brothers.

assistant: 我們提出的改革方案，不僅是要配合市場在某些方面的發展趨勢，也是要處理金融危機及雷曼兄弟集團倒閉後浮現的一些問題。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Review of the development of retail fund industry in Hong Kong Now a bit of history.

assistant: 香港零售基金業的發展回顧 接著，讓我說說歷史吧。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Simpler products also mean that issuers do not have to scratch their heads over how to simplify and explain the product’s features and risks to their clients.

assistant: 推出較爲簡單的產品，亦意味著發行人無須就如何向客戶簡單述明產品特點及風險而傷透腦筋。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 8. We received various comments in relation to the requirement for mandatory professional indemnity, the qualification of compliance advisers as well as the avoidance of duplication between the Listing Rules requirements and the Commission’s new sponsor regime.

assistant: 8. 我們接獲有關強制專業彌償規定、合規顧問資格，以及避免《上市規則》要求與證監會的新保薦人制度互相重疊的意見。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I suggest that Hong Kong based fund managers take this opportunity to explore the possibility of how they could contribute to, and benefit from, the opportunities that QDII opens up.

assistant: 我建議以香港爲基地的基金經理應抓緊機會，探索可如何爲 QDII 所帶來的機遇作出貢獻或藉此獲益。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In view of the special features of ETFs and growing market interests, we published specific guidelines for regulating index tracking ETFs in 2003.

assistant: 鑑於交易所買賣基金的特點及投資者對其興趣日增，我們在 2003 年發表了規管跟蹤指數交易所買賣基金的具體指引。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: For financial markets to remain robust and well-functioning, it calls for self-discipline, market discipline and regulatory discipline to be exercised by the different stakeholders in the marketplace.

assistant: 爲確保金融市場持續暢旺和維持有效運作，市場上各利益相關者都要自律，並遵從市場紀律和監管紀律。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I’ll also talk a little on some of the developments for the fund industry in Hong Kong that we are actively involved in.

assistant: 此外，我亦會略爲闡述本會正積極參與其中的香港基金業的一些發展情況。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: After all, hedge fund products are sold to a limited circle of investors. The hedge fund is not systemically important.

assistant: 這是因爲對沖基金產品的銷售對象始終是一小撮投資者，而對沖基金對系統並不具重大影響力。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The SFC will share its experience with the Shenzhen Stock Exchange as it rolls out the GEM program.

assistant: 證監會將會在深圳證券交易所推出創業板的過程中與其分享經驗。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The current utilisation rate of the whole QDII quota remains low at around 45%.

assistant: 整體 QDII 額度目前的使用率仍然偏低，只有約 45%。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: A representative of SAFE’s Capital Account Management Department pointed out that the scheme’s aggregate quota of RMB300 billion each for both northbound and southbound trading is a straightforward mechanism which will keep things simple for the industry, investors and regulators.

assistant: 外匯局資本項目管理司的一名代表指出，將該計劃下的北上、南下銷售總額度各訂爲人民幣 3,000 億元，對業界、投資者及監管機構來說，是一個簡單、容易明白的機制。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 25. With that, I end my talk today. Thank you.

assistant: 25. 我今天的演說到此結束。 謝謝。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Investors need to understand new products and services before they can determine whether these are suitable for them.

assistant: 投資者需要了解新的產品及服務，才能決定它們是否適合自己。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: I look forward to working closely with all of you to improve the financial literacy of Hong Kong’s people.

assistant: 我期望與上述各方緊密合作，加強香港人對金融投資的認識。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The severity of the crash has been attributed to several factors, such as the massive number and value of margin calls that dried up liquidity, the role of program trading and the lack of reliable information.

assistant: 股災的嚴重情況可以歸咎於幾項因素，例如大量保證金（俗稱“孖展”）被追收，涉及金額龐大，令流動資金被吸乾，程式交易的影響及缺乏可靠的資訊。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The final group – and fortunately for us just the tip of the iceberg – are those who consistently and deliberately breach the rules.

assistant: 後一個組別――慶幸的是，該部分只是冰山的一角――是經常蓄意違反規則的營運者。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Thanks to those who have contributed their ideas to us and we look forward to your continued support to the Commission.

assistant: 我謹此感謝曾向我們提供意見的人士，並期望你們繼續支持證監會的工作。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Roles of Chairman and CEO Another of my priorities concerns the roles of the Chairman and the CEO. I have at the outset mentioned the background, so I won’t repeat that here.

assistant: 主席與行政總裁的角色 我的另一項首要工作關乎主席與行政總裁的角色，我在開首已提到有關背景，在此不作重複。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Unsurprisingly, when listed companies go bad, announcements issued through the Hong Kong Stock Exchange may be found to have contained false or misleading information.

assistant: 當上市公司的質素變壞，透過聯交所發出的公告亦可能被發現載有虛假或具誤導性的信息，這點毫不出奇。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Consequently, the need to usher in wider reforms to further open up the use and circulation of RMB outside its borders has taken on a more urgent note.

assistant: 因此，內地更迫切地需要推行更廣泛的改革措施來進一步開放人民幣，推廣人民幣在境外的使用及流通。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In 2009, we had a landmark issuance by the Chinese Ministry of Finance of RMB treasuries of two- and three-year tenors, a first outside the Mainland.

assistant: 於 2009 年，中國財政部在香港發行兩年期及三年期的人民幣國庫債券，開創在中國境外發行人民幣國債的先河。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As the Mainland's economy continues to bring wealth to its citizens, they increasingly see the need to grow that wealth.

assistant: 隨著內地經濟持續增長，個人財富增加，他們逼切希望爲自己的財富增值。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 46. In his recent Budget speech, the Financial Secretary announced that the SFC would explore ways of using part of its levy income to enhance investor protection and education.

assistant: 46. 財政司司長在其最近一次的財政預算案演辭中公佈，證監會將會研究如何運用其部分徵費收入來加強對投資者的保障和教育。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Importance of regulating capital markets A decade on from the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), it is worthwhile to reflect on how a combination of misconduct and excessive risk taking can destroy trust and prevent markets from functioning properly.

assistant: 監管資本市場的重要性適逢全球金融危機爆發至今十年，我們值得反思失當行爲加上過度承擔風險能夠對信心造成怎樣的破壞，及如何妨礙市場正常運作。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The size of Hong Kong is limited and Hong Kong has already got a substantial universe of listed real estate assets in the form of listed property companies.

assistant: 香港的地域面積有限，卻早已有數量龐大的房地產資產，並以上市地產公司的形式出現。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The Code casts the obligation on the bank or firm to know the product is suitable. The obligation is not on the client.

assistant: 《操守準則》規定銀行或商號有責任確定產品適合客戶，而這項責任不在於客戶。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Breaches of regulation by intermediaries and intermediaries-related conduct issue The Commission also takes action against intermediaries who fail to comply with the relevant codes and regulations.

assistant: 中介人違反法規及與中介人有關的操守事宜證監會亦對不遵守有關守則及法規的中介人採取行動。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: And these funds must first seek approval from Mainland authorities before they can be offered to Mainland investors.

assistant: 此類基金必先取得內地有關當局的批准，方可向內地投資者發售。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In addition, the impact of these hedge fund failures can be transmitted across the broader financial markets in the form of sharp price fluctuations and market turmoil.

assistant: 此外，這些對沖基金倒閉所帶來的影響可蔓延至範圍更廣的其他多個金融市場，導致出現急劇的價格波動和市場災難。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That will, in turn, promote a healthy cross fertilization of asset management skills here, adding to the vibrancy and richness of our talent pool.

assistant: 這將有助促進本港資產管理專業技能的交流和提升，爲我們的專才添注活力及多元性。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: To enhance investor education;

assistant: 加強投資者教育；
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Last year, we put in place a six-month lapse period for new fund applications.

assistant: 去年，我們對新的基金申請實施六個月的有效期。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Responses to the proposals Let me spend a few minutes on the products-related proposals.

assistant: 對諮詢建議的回應 讓我用數分鐘時間，談談各項與產品有關的一些建議。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: In this respect, the SFC will continue to work on investor education initiatives to arouse awareness, and to help investors better understand the features and risks inherent in RMB investment products.

assistant: 就此，證監會將會繼續致力推行投資者教育，以提高投資者對產品的認知程度，並且幫助投資者更好地瞭解人民幣投資產品的特點和內在風險。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Hong Kong permits only “covered” short selling, which requires the seller to have borrowed the stock or to have obtained a confirmation that the lender has the stock available to lend out at the time of sale.

assistant: 香港只容許有擔保沽空，即賣方沽售股份時必須已借入股票，或獲得借方確認有股票可供借出。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: That’s true – but not all shareholders act in the same way.

assistant: 這固然是真的—但並非所有股東都按同一方式行事。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: 36. A major concern is the impact on the prospects for economic growth in the US and the rest of the world if market confidence is not fully restored.

assistant: 36. 其中一項令人極度擔憂的問題是，假如市場信心未能完全恢復，將會對美國及其他地區的經濟增長前景構成衝擊。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: The good news is that the contents of the guidance notes have been, more or less, reflected in my speech today, although I am compelled to say that listening to me is not a substitute to actually reading the contents for yourselves.

assistant: 好消息是，我今天的演說已大致反映該些指引的內容，但我必須表明，聽我的演說並不能夠代替實際閱讀有關內容。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: Now, we have about 140 licensed hedge fund managers / advisors in Hong Kong.

assistant: 現時，我們在香港大約有 140 家持牌對沖基金經理／顧問公司。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: As capital flows reversed in 1997, the situation turned into net outflow of $40 billion.

assistant: 隨著資金流向在 1997 年逆轉，最後錄得 400 億元的淨流出。
user: Please translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: What these studies did provide however is an indication of the areas of strengths and weaknesses (or the perception of them) for each market.

assistant: 然而，該些研究卻能顯示出每個巿場的優點和弱點(或對該等優點和弱點的看法)。