Brian Wynter: Quarterly Monetary Policy Report - latest economic
developments in Jamaica
Remarks by Mr Brian Wynter, Governor of the Bank of Jamaica, at the press briefing for the
June 2013 Quarterly Monetary Policy Report, Kingston, 21 August 2013.
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Good Morning Ladies and Gentlemen:
In presenting today's release of the Quarterly Monetary Policy Report for the June 2013
quarter I will take the opportunity to share with you the outturn for the quantitative
performance criteria which were agreed under the programme with the International
Monetary Fund (IMF). I will then highlight the Bank's policy actions over the review quarter
and some of the main economic developments which had an impact on these decisions. I will
also share the Bank's perspective on the near term outlook for some of the main economic
variables. Also, this quarter's report includes two special articles: The Evolution of Jamaica
Dollar Liquidity and Its Impact on Money Market Interest Rates - January to June 2013 and
Recent Developments in Remittance Inflows, both of which should be of interest.
Performance under the IMF Extended Fund Facility (EFF) - June 2013 quarter
The monetary targets under the EFF for end-June 2013 were comfortably met. In particular,
the net international reserves (NIR) amounted to US$1003.2 million relative to the target of
US$873.9 million. The target for net domestic assets (NDA) was also met. Information from
the Ministry of Finance indicates that we also met the fiscal and debt targets. In addition, the
structural benchmarks due to be achieved during the period were met.
Against this background, a team from the IMF is presently in Jamaica conducting the first
review of the country's performance under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF). Their review
will inform consideration by the IMF Executive Board in September. Approval of the review
by the Executive Board will facilitate the next drawdown from the IMF. This will also serve to
provide reassurance to other multilateral partners and the financial markets about the
Government's commitment to the reforms that are necessary to improve the country's
competitiveness and growth.
Economic developments in the June 2013 quarter
Monetary and foreign exchange policy
Turning to economic developments during the June 2013 quarter, the Bank maintained its
monetary policy rate at 5.75 per cent during the June quarter. The monetary policy rate is the
interest rate paid by the Bank on 30-day certificates of deposit (CDs). This policy stance
reflected the context of little change to the near-term outlook for inflation and some
improvements in investor confidence following the approval of the four-year EFF by the IMF's
Executive Board. During the quarter, the Bank offered nine variable rate CDs and two
USdollar indexed notes to the market. These instruments shifted $21.8 billion into longer-tenor
securities (that is, between six and 18 months) and offset the Bank's purchase from the
market of US$196.3 million, equal to about $19.3 billion.
Against the background of these developments, the weighted average selling rate of the US
dollar depreciated by 2.5 per cent for the review quarter. This adjustment followed a
depreciation of 6.0 per cent in the March 2013 quarter. The slower pace of depreciation in
the June quarter also reflected the impact of lower demand for foreign currency to meet
current account transactions.
Inflation
It is encouraging to be able to report that headline inflation was 1.2 per cent for the June
2013 quarter, below the outturn of 2.7 per cent for the March 2013 quarter and well below the
forecast range for the June quarter of 2.0 to 3.0 per cent that we announced when we last
met in May. The inflation outturn for the review quarter was largely due to the lagged
passthrough of the depreciation in the exchange rate and the impact of drought conditions on the
prices of some agriculture items. However, the impact of these factors was lower than the
Bank had anticipated. The lower than projected inflation also reflected the impact of a sharp
reduction in energy costs, which was not expected, and the effect of weaker than anticipated
demand conditions.
For the September quarter, the Bank is projecting inflation to be in the range of 2.0 per cent
to 3.0 per cent. The materialization of this forecast would be below the inflation outturn for
the September quarters of the last five years. Inflation in this quarter is expected to be driven
by increases in the prices of domestic agricultural produce and processed foods. In addition,
inflation in the period is expected to reflect the impact of higher prices for crude oil and the
effect of the seasonal increase in demand related to the summer holidays and back-to-school
preparations. However, the announced reduction in communication costs and persistent
weak demand conditions are expected to moderate the impact of these factors on the overall
price level. Headline inflation for July, at 0.5 per cent, exhibited this muting effect.
Despite the significantly lower than expected outturn of inflation for the first four months of
the fiscal year, the Bank is maintaining the FY2013/14 forecast for inflation to be in the range
of 8.5 per cent to 10.5 per cent. Domestic prices are expected to reflect the impact of higher
international commodity prices, particularly crude oil, and the pass-through of the
depreciation in the exchange rate. Additionally, seasonal increases in the prices of domestic
agricultural produce are expected to contribute to inflation for the period.
However, although the muting effect may well continue, a cautious assessment of the near
term risks suggests that inflation may also end up close to the upper bound of the forecast
range for the quarter and the fiscal year. These risks largely relate to the administrative
adjustments to transportation costs (which were recently announced) and, possibly,
adjustments to utility costs as well as higher than expected crude oil prices. Adverse
weather, in the context of a forecast for an above average hurricane season, also remains an
upside risk to the forecast. The existence of weaker than anticipated domestic demand
conditions continues to be the main downside risk.
Real GDP growth
Real GDP is estimated to have contracted in the June quarter, albeit at a slower rate than in
the previous quarter. Both the tradable and non-tradable sectors are estimated to have
declined in the quarter. The contraction reflected the impact of drought conditions, continued
weak domestic demand as well as the slow recovery in the global economy which
contributed to lower remittance inflows and low demand for Jamaica's goods and services.
Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing; Hotels & Restaurants and Electricity & Water Supplies were
estimated to be the main industries which recorded declines.
Looking ahead, the Bank is projecting that real sector activities will improve in the remaining
quarters of the fiscal year. This forecast largely reflects an expected recovery relative to the
outturn for the corresponding period of FY2012/13 when the performance of the economy
was negatively affected by Hurricane Sandy which was followed by drought conditions and a
high level of investor uncertainty related to perceived delays in concluding an agreement with
the IMF. Therefore, the projection for real GDP growth is predicated on improved investor
confidence, continued expansion in the global economy and more robust growth in credit to
the private sector given the release of resources as a result of reduction in demand from the
public sector. Against this background, real GDP growth for the September quarter as well as
FY2013/14 is projected to be in the range of 0.0 per cent to 1.0 per cent. The risks to the
forecast are assessed to be on the downside and relate to weaker than expected external
and domestic demand.
Near-term outlook
Monetary policy over the near term will continue to focus on maintaining single-digit inflation
in the context of a flexible and competitive exchange rate regime. Further, given the current
forecast for inflation and growth in the economy as well as continued fiscal consolidation, the
Bank can be expected to maintain its current monetary policy stance, including the issue of a
series of longer-dated instruments.
Over the longer term, the Bank's objective is to achieve a gradual reduction of inflation to a
rate that is consistent with that of our main trading partners. We believe that the combination
of low inflation and exchange rate flexibility is a valuable tool in maintaining the
competitiveness of the export sector. Robust expansion in the export sector will contribute to
sustained economic growth and improvements in real per capita incomes.
With respect to foreign exchange reserves, we expect to see a seasonal fall in reserves in
the quarter and the next. This pattern has been factored into the setting of the targets under
the EFF for September and December, a period when imports are highest. Thus, while we
are likely to continue to exceed the NIR targets given the margin that we already enjoy, we
should nevertheless expect to see a seasonal fall in the NIR in the September quarter.
Ladies and gentlemen: the world economy is gradually recovering from the depression which
started in 2008. Jamaica must position itself to take hold of the opportunities which will be
opened for growth and success. In this regard, I continue to urge you to take note of the
catalytic and comprehensive reforms which the Government has been implementing,
including enhancements in access to credit for the private sector and initiatives to diversify
the sources of energy, thereby lowering production costs. These reforms are aimed at
improving the macroeconomic environment and removing impediments to growth. In the
context of historically low interest rates and on-going reforms to create a more
businessfriendly environment, I am encouraging all economic agents to strengthen their resolve and
redouble their efforts.
Thank you.