Yakiv Smolii: Strategy of Ukrainian financial sector development
until 2025
Speech by Mr Yakiv Smolii, Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine, at the opening of the
meeting of the National Bank of Ukraine with stakeholders, Kyiv, 16 January 2020.
* * *
Dear Mr Prime Minister,
dear guests,
I am pleased to open the Third annual meeting of the National Bank of Ukraine with clients and
partners. These events are how we make the NBU more transparent and accountable to the
public, and its policy more comprehensible. Stakeholder meetings enable a comparison between
what was planned and what has actually been achieved.
However, today's event goes beyond summarizing the central bank's performance and unveiling
plans for 2020. The highlight of our meeting today is the Strategy of Ukrainian Financial Sector
Development until 2025.
In less than half an hour, the Minister of Finance and the heads of the National Securities and
Stock Market Commission, the National Financial Services Commission, and the Deposit
Guarantee Fund will join me in signing this milestone document.
My colleagues and I have worked on the Strategy for almost six months. We have spent
hundreds of hours studying the experience of other countries, negotiating with regulators,
planning, and consulting with financial sector participants.
And to be honest, we are satisfied with what we have accomplished, because we did it in the
spirit of maximum cooperation and transparency. We believe that this is the only way to keep our
plans realistic and to make them materialize. We are convinced that this is the only way to take
the Strategy beyond being words on paper and to make it into a full-blown vision of the future. By
signing the Strategy, my fellow signatories and I commit to making this vision a reality.
We possess the necessary and, most important, successful experience to make it happen. The
past five years have been marked by the Comprehensive Program of Ukrainian Financial Sector
Development Until 2020. For Ukraine, that document was the first of its kind. Like the new
Strategy, it was the fruit of joint efforts by financial regulators, resulting in many bold decisions
being made in that period.
But let me be specific. To evaluate the results of that effort, we tracked how the actions outlined
in the Comprehensive Program were being performed. We found that almost two thirds of those
actions had been taken.
Not all of them were brought to their conclusion, of course. Some of them were planned to last
beyond 2020 and are still being realized. Some of those actions were delayed for reasons
outside of our control. But we are not abandoning those plans. We will pursue them until they
become reality. With that in mind, we have included those actions into the Strategy of Ukrainian
Financial Sector Development until 2025. Strategy 2025 is thus a natural continuation of reforms
that were launched earlier.
Could we have done a better job implementing the previous program? As I look back, I am
inclined to say yes. But if you take into account the conditions in which we were making those
radical changes to the financial market, perhaps you can see that we did a decent job.
Be reminded that we were having a triple crisis on our hands, the kind that economists call a
perfect storm. Ukraine was simultaneously fighting a war, going through a financial crunch, and
teetering on the brink of default. That makes me certain that we can take pride in what we have
accomplished together. The list of our accomplishments is far from short.
Let me mention what the NBU has achieved:
The NBU has strengthened its institutional independence and become a technocratic
institution that makes decisions based on analysis and facts.
The NBU has undergone an unprecedented internal transformation, virtually setting an
example for other central banks in many areas. We are now at a point where not only
do we seek technical assistance from other central banks, but also we consult and
assist our colleagues.
The NBU has changed its monetary policy and is now targeting inflation rather than the
exchange rate. By the way, the NBU has floated the exchange rate so that it now
reflects market reality and is no longer maintained manually by burning through
international reserves.
The NBU has revitalized the banking sector. The banks currently in the market are
solvent, profitable, and ready to take on potential economic shocks. Which means
these banks are safe for clients.
The NBU has liberalized its currency regime - and thus revolutionized the industry - by
replacing obsolete currency laws that dated back to the 1990s.
The NBU has significantly increased the responsibility of bank owners and
management. With new laws in place, no one can lead a bank to bankruptcy without
facing criminal charges. This is a necessary dose of discipline and responsibility that
all civilized markets have, as now does the NBU.
The NBU has significantly improved the corporate governance of state-owned banks.
They are now required to have independent supervisory boards or else face the
consequences of breaking the law.
The NBU has adopted risk-based supervision and strengthened its financial monitoring
function. This enables the central bank to respond to emergencies proactively, as
opposed to putting out the quote-unquote fires after they break out.
As a matter of fact, the list of our accomplishments goes on and on, for which I would like to
thank all of the NBU's employees and our international partners and experts who helped us make
these results possible. My gratitude goes out above all to the IMF, both for providing the financing
and for sharing knowledge and expertise. I also am thankful to the European Union, the European
Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the World Bank, the United States Agency for
International Development, and central banks from around the globe.
Going back to the 2025 Strategy. I'm really glad that the NBU, the government, and other
regulators share the vision of how to enhance the quality of financial services, and how to make
them more easily accessible, more secure, and more convenient for Ukrainians. We think along
the same lines. And this is half the battle. A famous fable talks about a swan, a crayfish and a
pike that pulled a cart in different directions. This is not the case with us.
We see the implementation of the 2025 Strategy as a way to having a civilized, transparent and
effective financial sector. With that in mind, we have drawn up an understandable and clear
action plan for the next five years. To prevent there being any surprises, we've decided to put our
cards on the table and reveal our plans for the next five years.
What do we really want to achieve? We have five goals.
First. Promote sustainable economic growth in Ukraine. We want to deliver all of the
required conditions for economic growth. This will make many Ukrainian residents
confident about their future.
Second. Delivering macrofinancial stability. In effect, we'll continue to be involved in
efforts to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the financial system, including the
banking system. And to ensure that the financial system is prepared to deal with
external or internal shocks. This is one of the main preconditions for sustainable
economic growth that I have already mentioned. It's because the financial system is
like the blood circulatory system of the state: if it malfunctions, it causes problems for
other parts of the body of the state. And we definitely don't want to see that happen.
Third. We will make the entire financial system, not just banks, but other financial
institutions as well, more reliable and technologically advanced. All customers must be
confident that they will get high-quality services. And know for sure that they won't be
cheated. This will only happen when standards and requirements for service providers
are transparent, understandable and the same for all. A regulator that has zero
tolerance of the non-market behavior of financial institutions will be watching over
companies. I can guarantee that.
What is more, financial services will be available online from all devices, be it a laptop,
a smartphone, or an iPad. People will be able to get the services they need. In this
regard, Ukraine will be on a par with countries where financial services and fintech are
developing rapidly.
Fourth. We want Ukrainian financial services to be fully in line with European
standards. This will instill more confidence in clients. And this is Ukraine's direct
commitment under the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. We are gradually
discharging our obligations in order to enable Ukraine to integrate into the EU's financial
environment.
And finally, the fifth goal. We are seeking to enhance trust in the financial market. There
are many reasons why Ukrainian sometimes take a cautious approach to financial
services, and may not be always prepared to be the clients of banks, insurance
companies, and pension funds. The main culprits are the financial crises Ukrainians
had to go through, which may have led to a negative experience or even financial
losses. Our task is to minimize negative experiences and to ensure reliable protection
of the rights of financial services consumers. And not just by words, but by deeds. This
will be the financial system's contribution to restoring confidence in the state.
We hope that by 2025 we'll be able to:
generally increase the ease of doing business in Ukraine and attracting foreign
investment
make financial services reliable and transparent, while decreasing the cost of cashless
payments
provide remote access to such services and more.
Overall, it's not an exaggeration to say that the 2025 Strategy is a synonym for the continued
development of the financial sector and the entire Ukrainian economy. If you go through the
strategy, you will see that the roadmap for specific changes we want to implement accounts for
more than half of the document.
And we have already started. The NBU, for example, has as usual drawn up an action plan for
the current year and reported on its 2019 results. The action plan is based on two documents -
the strategy for financial sector development until 2025 and the central bank's medium term
strategy. The action plan has already been posted on the NBU's official website, and the
participants in this meeting also have it on paper.
To wrap up, I'd like to say that we'll definitely succeed, if we, every day, take the specified steps
and remember why we're doing that.
We have a guest of honor today, to whom I will now turn over the floor. Please welcome the
Prime Minister of Ukraine Oleksii Honcharuk.