Zeti Akhtar Aziz: Economic outlook and business opportunities in
Malaysia
Opening remarks by Dr Zeti Akhtar Aziz, Governor of the Central Bank of Malaysia, at the
5th IFSB Summit "Economic Outlook and Business Opportunities in Malaysia", Amman,
Jordan, 12 May 2008.
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It is my pleasure to welcome you to the Malaysia Country Showcase held in conjunction with
the 5th Islamic Financial Services Board Summit. On behalf of the Malaysian delegation, I
wish to thank you for your presence here to give us this opportunity to share with you the
Malaysian business proposition and our drive to strengthen trade and investment ties
between our regions. We have with us today a special panel to discuss the business
potentials and opportunities in Malaysia. We are very pleased to be here in Jordan and to be
given this opportunity to hold this event in this beautiful country.
The current global economic and financial environment is being confronted with new
challenges and uncertainties. The financial crisis in the United States has spread to other
parts of the world, increasing the prospects for a global economic slowdown. We are seeing
in the global financial markets, banks continuing to de-leverage and reducing lending
activities, resulting in a contraction in credit supply. Going forward, financial markets are
expected to continue to be volatile. In this environment, the fear of contagion is prompting
investors to spread their investment and business risks and to search for new asset classes
and for markets that provide stability.
Economic and business environment in Malaysia
Malaysia has entered this period of global uncertainty from a position of strength. In 2007,
the Malaysian economy expanded by 6.3 percent, the fastest pace in the past three years.
This has been largely due to strong domestic demand from the private and public sectors.
This is also the result of the increasingly more diversified structure of the Malaysian
economy. This growth has also been achieved with relative price stability, high level of
savings at 38 percent of the GDP, and a strong external balance with international reserves
that is now exceeding USD120 billion. The Malaysian economy is expected to sustain a
growth of 5 to 6 percent in 2008.
Malaysia has an open economy with a strong commitment to promote international trade and
investment. Malaysia with a population of over 26 million is ranked among the top 20 trading
nations in the world that offers a wide range of world class products. The volume of trade
activities in Malaysia is now about two times the size of our economy with the ratio of trade to
GNP being among the highest in the world. Not too long ago, Malaysia's total trade has
breached the RM1 trillion mark or USD320 billion, reflecting the robustness of the economy.
Malaysia has also been an important destination for foreign direct investment for more than a
hundred years. In 2007, Malaysia was ranked the 16th most attractive destination for such
investment.
Our pattern of trade and economic structure has evolved over several decades to become a
highly diversified economy. The macro economic stability reinforced by the long term
development plans, pro-business policies, developed physical infrastructure, conducive
business environment and trained labour force, have contributed to the advancement in our
trading and industrial sector. Malaysia, in particular, has become a global player in the export
of several products. In the electrical and electronics sector, Malaysia is a major exporter of
semiconductors, automatic data processing machines and telecommunications equipment.
While in the furniture industry, Malaysia is currently ranked among the top ten exporters of
furniture in the world.
In the services sector, Malaysian companies have ventured abroad, undertaking projects in
the construction of roads, ports, airports, highways, bridges, houses, commercial buildings,
power generation and telecommunication, in countries of the Middle East, Africa, ASEAN
and South Asia. Malaysian companies have also gained expertise in the oil and gas sector,
education and healthcare. In the ICT sector, Malaysia has been ranked globally as the third
most favoured location for outsourcing of business processes.
Business and investment opportunities
Trade has for many centuries been an important factor that has linked the Middle East to
Asia. In the recent few years, the trade between Asia and countries in the Middle East has
been on an upward trend. Today, while the world trade has on the average expanded by 10
percent over the period 2001-2005, Asia's trade with the Middle East has increased at the
average rate of 24 percent. There is also increasing interest by the Middle East investors in
the Asian region driven by the investment opportunities. While the US remains the major
recipient of investment flows from the Middle East, Asia has surpassed the Euro region as
the second most popular investment destination. Of the USD2 trillion foreign investment
flows from the Middle East in 2006, USD450 billion flowed into Asia.
Malaysia is centrally located in the ASEAN region which comprises a potential market of
about 570 million population and a combined GDP of more than US$1,000 trillion. Malaysia
is well positioned to provide the linkages to support investment flows in the region. The
development of Malaysia as an Islamic financial hub in the Asian region has facilitated this
process. In relation to this, Malaysia has become a centre for origination, distribution and
trading of Islamic bonds or sukuks. It is also becoming a centre for Islamic fund and wealth
management services and for international Islamic banking business, and for international
takaful and retakaful business as well as a centre for Islamic finance education, training,
consultancy and research.
Significant progress, in particular, has been achieved in the development of the Malaysian
sukuk market. The Malaysian sukuk market has now evolved into the world's largest Islamic
bond market. At the end of 2007, it accounted for about 60 percent of the global sukuk
outstanding which now amounts to about USD100 billion. The sukuk market has been an
important source of financing for productive investment activities, while for investors, it
provides great potential for diversification into new asset classes. The issuance of sukuk has
not only become a means of raising financing but it also provides access to a wider base of
investors, both Islamic and conventional.
The Malaysian bond market has also been liberalised to enable non-resident corporations to
raise ringgit and foreign currency denominated funds from our market. International issuers
may thus issue multi-currency sukuks or alternatively have the flexibility to swap domestic
currency funding into other currencies. Stamp duty exemption for ten years beginning 2007
has been granted on these instruments. There is also withholding tax exemption on income
earned by non-residents for investments in ringgit and non-ringgit Islamic securities. With the
growing maturity of the market, it has been able to efficiently manage significantly large size
issuances. Recently, a Malaysian telecommunications company issued the largest-ever
sukuk in the world market that amounted to an equivalent of USD4.7 billion. Though the size
was large, the issue was two times oversubscribed, indicating the depth of the market.
As an investment destination, the Malaysian capital market offers a wide range of world class
products. More than 85 percent of the companies listed on the Stock Exchange are Shariah
compliant, representing about 60 percent of total market capitalization. In addition, there are
about 130 Islamic unit trusts issued in Malaysia. Thirdly, there are two Shariah-compliant real
estate investment trust (REIT) listed on the stock exchange - a hospital REIT and an oil palm
plantation REIT. Finally, Asia's first Islamic exchange traded fund (ETF) was issued in
January 2008 valued at the equivalent of USD262.5 million. A second foreign currency
tranche is expected to be launched later in the year which is open for participation of
international investors.
In relation to this, Malaysia maintains a liberal foreign exchange administration regime where
investors are freely able to obtain ringgit and foreign currencies to fund their investments.
There continues to be free mobility of inward and outward movement of funds relating to both
foreign direct investment and portfolio investments.
Having developed a comprehensive Islamic financial system that is supported by the legal,
Shariah and regulatory infrastructure, the Islamic financial landscape has been liberalised
with the entry of new international players. In addition, the foreign equity ceiling in Islamic
financial institutions has also been raised to a maximum of 49 percent as part of the effort to
promote strategic alliances. New licences are also being offered for International Islamic
Banks and International Takaful Operators to conduct the full range of Islamic banking
business or takaful and retakaful business in international currencies. These institutions may
be established as a branch or subsidiary and are accorded a tax holiday until 2016. These
entities may be 100 percent foreign owned and have the freedom on employment in these
financial institutions. To facilitate foreign employment, an "executive green lane" is being
accorded to expedite applications by expatriates for long-term employment.
Having a sufficient pool of best talent has been key to the development of an Islamic financial
hub in Malaysia. In 2006, the International Centre for Education in Islamic Finance (INCEIF)
was established as part of Malaysia's commitment to human capital development in Islamic
finance. INCEIF, which has an international faculty and students from more than 40
countries, is envisaged to produce high quality Islamic finance professionals and specialists
not only to meet the domestic requirements but also for the global Islamic financial industry.
The Malaysian economy has for several years now been on a steady growth path. In 2006,
Malaysia launched the Ninth Malaysia Plan to be implemented in the period 2006-2010. One
of the objectives of the Plan is to achieve developed nation status in 2020. While the
Government has allocated USD53.4 billion for development under this plan, the economy will
continue to be private sector driven. Sectors emphasised in the plan are the high-technology,
knowledge-based and skills-intensive activities, and the services sector. Under the Ninth
Malaysia Plan, several new growth regions have also been identified for integrated
development.
The first growth area launched is the Iskandar Malaysia, a region covering 2,200 sq. km.
located in the state of Johor, in the south of Peninsular Malaysia. Up to USD100 billion
investments in the region are expected over the next 25 years. As at the end of April 2008,
more than USD10.4 billion of investment have been committed by investors, accounting for
about 70 percent of the USD15 billion investment targeted by 2010. The targeted sectors
identified for development in the region are financial advisory and consulting services;
creative industries; logistics; educational services; tourism related services; and healthcare.
As an international Islamic financial hub in the Asian region with a track record of almost
three decades in Islamic finance, Malaysia is well positioned to promote stronger economic
linkages between our two regions. Malaysia is not only already highly integrated to the
ASEAN region and to the greater Asia, but also has own initiatives and exciting development
projects.
On that note, it is our hope that the Malaysia Country showcase be an engaging event for the
business and financial communities from this region and the Malaysian delegation. It is
hoped that this greater engagement will lead to increased economic and financial ties
between our regions.
Thank you.