Njuguna Ndung'u: Challenges in developing a successful bond market in
Kenya
Remarks by Prof Njuguna Ndung'u, Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya, at the Market
Leaders Forum dinner, Nairobi, 6 August 2013.
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Members of the Market Leaders Forum,
Officials from the Treasury,
Colleagues at the Central Bank of Kenya,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Let me take the opportunity to welcome you all to this event which has been organized to
take stock of our achievements for the year, review challenges encountered and develop the
plans for the future. At the outset I wish to commend the market leaders for the effort and
success in taking this market to a higher level. As you may be aware, Kenya's bond market
is now regarded among the top and fastest growing in Africa and this could not have been
without the strong partnerships that we have continuously cultivated. We are however still a
long way to achieve liquidity, market efficiency and stability.
The 2012-13 financial year was a great success with respect to raising the borrowing
requirement for the Government. The Market Leaders Forum together with market
stakeholders contributed significantly to the success of the bond market in terms of the
following:
1. Successful financing of the FY 2012-13 Borrowing Plan: Treasury's target for the
year was successfully achieved reflecting a sterling performance especially given
that this was the highest in the history of domestic borrowing at Kes. 165bn.
2. Benchmark Bonds Program Implementation: Successful implementation of this
program during the year was critical for addressing bond market fragmentation and
increasing liquidity in the market. All 17 bonds valued at Kes 209.8bn issued in the
year were benchmark tenors, out of which 5, worth Kes 5.4bn were issued through
reopen auctions. Overall, 16 benchmark bonds have been reopened since 2009
when the strategy was first employed, bringing into the market more than
Kes. 183 billion and providing critical financing for the country's fiscal gaps.
3. Longer Maturity Profile of Domestic Debt: Average maturity profile of government
bonds in the debt portfolio rose to 7.3 years by end June 2013 compared to
6.2 years at the beginning of the year. These are encouraging outcomes given that
in 2001, the average maturity of all government securities was about 8 months. This
is indeed a reflection of the continued success in reducing rollover risk associated
with short term debt which is essential for a well-functioning secondary market for
bonds.
4. Global recognition for Kenya: Infrastructure Bond program and the plan by the
government to issue a Euro bond in the current financial year also signifies that the
domestic market has matured over time and gained confidence from both local and
foreign investors. This is evidenced by the stable country's credit rating and an
attractive environment for investors.
5. Automation of primary market processes: In an effort to enhance efficiency and
safety of its operations, the Central Bank launched the T-24 system in all its
operations in April 2012. I would like to thank the stakeholders for being patient
while the bank was experiencing challenges leading to the implementation of the
new system. Going forward the bank is working towards providing internet banking
which will allow for services such as: online bidding faster dissemination of auction
results and statements for government securities.
6. Competitiveness at auctions: The use of an auction-based method in the issuance
of government securities over the years has promoted price discovery and
competitive prices at the primary market which is a key ingredient for the secondary
market.
7. Kenya Government Bond Index: In October 2012, the Nairobi Securities Exchange
(NSE) launched the FTSE NSE Kenya Shilling Government Bond Index as a
benchmark tool for measuring market performance. This was a great step in market
development because the market now has the benefit of further opening up to the
rest of the world and increasing Kenya's financial sector competitiveness.
as you all know our success has not been without challenges along
Ladies and Gentlemen,
the way. Just to mention a few, the slow pace of reforms particularly in the secondary market
has promoted market illiquidity and hampered faster growth. But above all, economic
vibrancy has been constrained by shocks in both the domestic and international environment
beyond our control and this has at times affected the momentum of our market development.
I wish to emphasize that a well-developed and proper functioning financial market is critical
to economies all over the world as it enhances effectiveness of monetary policy, cushions the
economy against external vulnerabilities while mobilizing long term financing for public and
private sector development. Therefore, the development of a robust financial market is not
only a priority of the Central Bank of Kenya but for every stakeholder in this market to
embrace.
Towards this objective I urge all the stakeholders to continue to build a competitive bond
market that supports the country's development agenda under Vision 2030. In cognizance
with today's theme of "Taking Kenya's bond market to the next level", we as stakeholders
have set for ourselves a number of initiatives which are ongoing or for the future. These
include:
1. Further support to the benchmark bonds program through strategies for building
liquidity such as bond reopening, and initiating approaches to smoothen the debt
maturity structure such as bond exchanges through switches and conversions.
2. Promoting financial literacy to ensure market confidence and increased numbers of
investors, so as to enhance further market deepening.
3. Fast-tracking financial markets reforms particularly at the secondary market
including diversification of existing products, improving the legal and operational
framework and expanding the trading platform to incorporate Over the Counter
trading. But we also need to review and develop mechanisms to reduce insider
activities and fraud so as to mitigate these risks and increase the integrity of our
financial markets.
4. At the primary market level, enhancement of products that will include; the issuance
of project specific infrastructure bonds with bond service costs matched with income
streams from the projects as well as more products to promote national savings and
attract small investors and the Kenyan diaspora.
As I conclude, I wish to thank the Market Leaders Forum for its invaluable contribution
towards market development and at the same time call upon all the stakeholders to take up
the challenge of enhancing market efficiency and transparency.
With these remarks, ladies and gentlemen, I invite all of you to relax and enjoy the rest of the
evening.
Thank you for your attention.