Olli Rehn: Remarks - Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging
Economies' (BOFIT) 30th Anniversary Dinner
Opening remarks by Mr Olli Rehn, Governor of the Bank of Finland, at Bank of Finland Institute
for Emerging Economies' (BOFIT) 30th Anniversary Dinner, Helsinki, 9 November 2021.
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Ladies and Gentlemen, Your Excellencies, Dear Friends and Partners of BOFIT,
May I wish you a very warm welcome to this Anniversary Dinner and to the Bank of Finland. I am
delighted that you have been able to join us this evening to celebrate BOFIT's 30th Anniversary
with us. We highly appreciate our partnership with you, in academia, the media and
administration, a partnership that goes back many years.
While BOFIT is a dynamic, no doubt cool and chill zoomer at 30, its home base - the Bank of
Finland - is already a grown-up boomer at 210 years of age.
In the global history of central banking, the Bank of Finland is certainly no novice. Founded in
1811, the Bank of Finland is the fourth oldest central bank in the world today. Only the Swedish,
British and French central banks are older than us.
However, we could even make a claim to share Sweden's top position - its central bank,
Riksbanken, was founded in 1668 when Finland was still firmly part of the Kingdom of Sweden!
In fact, our best-known economist before the 2016 Nobelist Bengt Holmström, was Anders
Chydenius, who played a very active role in the economic policy debates of 18th century
Stockholm. He was so active in monetary policy that he was effectively sacked from the
Riksdagen, the Swedish Parliament, since he was calling for an end to the hard currency
approach that was ruining the nation's industries. No wonder he gained a reputation as a
champion of free speech and freedom of expression!
Anyway, following its foundation the Bank of Finland played a catalyst role in the nation-building
process in Finland. Autonomous institutions in economic and monetary policy-making were
established in parallel with the evolution of an increasingly politically aware civil society and
newspapers. These were followed by political and constitutional independence. And some
decades later on Friday 1 December 1939, the Government of the Winter War was essentially
constructed on these very premises, on the second day of the war when Helsinki was bombed
by Soviet planes. The decision was shaped in a meeting of Väinö Tanner, the great "old
menshevik" and the leader of Social Democrats, and Governor Risto Ryti, who were joined later
on the day by Kyösti Kallio, President of the Republic at the time.
Now you may wonder where the acronym "BOFIT" actually comes from. Let me tell you. As I
noted in my opening remarks today, its origins can be traced to the Bank of Finland's Bilateral
Trade Department, which focused on trade with the then Soviet Union. In Finnish, the
department's name was "idänkauppa", and research in this field was "idäntutkimus", so an 'i' and
a 't'. The next thing was to combine this IT with the BOF for Bank of Finland: BOFIT!
While we have held on to the handy BOFIT acronym all this time - and will certainly keep the
brand - the actual full name of the Institute has changed over the years. Each time this has
reflected relevant real-world changes in geopolitics and in the global economy. Until last year, the
full name was "Bank of Finland Institute for Economies in Transition".
However, the word "transition" is not necessarily the most appropriate one any longer, for various
reasons. So, we settled for the new name, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies,
which follows the currently valid taxonomy in international political economy and will certainly
serve BOFIT well.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
For those of you who were able to attend the conference today, I hope you found today's
discussions at the conference enlightening. In my view, one thing in particular is worth noting and
let me reiterate that. That is, in spite of all the ongoing global tensions, the return of power
politics, and the talk of a new Cold War, global policy cooperation among the central banks is
very much alive and functioning. Indeed, this cooperation was crucial in sparing the world
economy from a new recession or even a depression, when the Covid-19 pandemic forced the
global economy into lockdowns and slow motion began 20 months ago.
The rapid and forceful action by the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank has
supported the economy through troubled waters. For instance, the dollar swap lines agreed
between the Fed, the ECB and four other Western central banks preserved dollar funding, which
is the fuel of the financial system and thus of the world economy. And all through the crisis,
cooperation with the People's Bank of China and Bank of Russia has also remained at a very
good level.
As far as the central banks are concerned, our intention is to keep it that way. There is clearly not
a surplus of pragmatic policy cooperation in the world today. The ongoing COP26 climate
conference in Glasgow will be a key litmus test of international cooperation across a global
stage.
I hope today's BOFIT 30th Anniversary Conference has done its part and served its purpose in
sending a signal and fostering a spirit of productive and effective cooperation.
Last but not least, I would like to thank Dr. Iikka Korhonen and the whole BOFIT team for
organizing such an excellent conference.
Let's give them a big hand now!
With these words, let me wish you an enjoyable evening! Bon appétit!