Article in English: Sometimes a nap helps (you never know what you'll dream about, plus sometimes, while you're lying in bed, you'll have a sudden flash of inspiration. You should write it down instantly, even if it's in the middle of the night.) or you can watch a movie or go for a walk. Seeing new things can help stimulate your brain and thus giving your imagination a boost. Cook a meal, clean the house or play with your pets. Completely forget about your story for a while. If you really can't write a word and would rather lie down and relax or do something else, don't punish yourself. Even the world's best writers can sometimes only write for an hour or a few hours a day. Gustave Flaubert, the author of the classic, Madame Bovary, was said to only write a single sentence per day! You can obsess over every sentence or every line later. If you are telling yourself that each paragraph absolutely must be absolutely perfect then you'll never get to the next paragraph! Everyone gets writer's block at least once in their lives as it's perfectly normal. You can even say that going through writer's block and breaking through it, will help you be an even more imaginative and creative writer. Okay, so maybe you don't feel up to speed with Stephen King, Louis Sachar, Emily Bronte, or Dostoevsky. That doesn't mean you should feel inadequate or like you're the worst writer on the planet. Use these writers for inspiration, as a standard you'd like to achieve, one day, not as benchmarks for your own failure or success. Once you take the pressure off, you'll be able to write much more freely.

Summary in Portuguese:

Faça intervalos de vez em quando. Não se culpe se você não conseguir pensar em nada. Não edite o texto enquanto o escreve. Não se desespere. Não se compare aos seus escritores favoritos.


Article in English: Sometimes chalkboards need tougher cleaning action. This is especially true if your chalkboard is marred with ink, fingerprint, or crayon stains.  Apply a mild cleaner to water, such as a few drops of dish soap, and use it to remove the stains with a cloth. Choose a non-oily cleaner that is not abrasive. You could try to clean the chalkboard with only water and a rag, but when it dries it may have gray residue on it from the lingering chalk.  Applying water to a chalkboard will cause a phenomenon known as ghosting. This means that, even though you’ve wiped away the chalk dust, there’s an outline left. Applying cleaner to the water should reduce the chances this will happen. You could use a squeegee to remove the water solution from the chalkboard after wiping the chalkboard with it. There are special commercial chalkboard cleaner specifically designed for this purpose. It can be found in many teacher and office supply stores, as well as some big box stores.  Some of the commercial cleaners are water-based and premixed. They come in spray bottles with applicators on the bottle’s top. Spray some of the cleaner on a towel, and use it to wipe the chalkboard clean. Other commercial cleaners are foam-based. Some cleaners can damage the chalkboard’s surface if you use them repeatedly. Commercial cleaners come in difference scents, such as mint. Foam cleaners can prevent streaking because the foam is less likely to drip down the board. You will want to let the chalkboard air dry, rather than speeding the process along.  Make sure that you leave enough time for the chalkboard to thoroughly dry before you really need to use it again. If you write with chalk on a wet chalkboard, it can cause stubborn stains that can be very difficult to remove. After you’ve cleaned the chalkboard, you can speed up the drying process by wiping down the whole board with a soft, dry cloth. Some people have chalkboard walls in their homes that can be pretty unsightly if they aren’t properly cleaned.  Try adding a drop of dish soap to a...

Summary in Portuguese:

Experimente usar água com algum produto de limpeza. Compre um produto de limpeza próprio para quadro negro. Deixe o quadro negro secar completamente. Limpe uma parede de quadro negro.


Article in English: Sometimes chemotherapy patients have mood changes after receiving treatments. Changes in mood can include anxiety, fear, uncertainty, anger, and sadness. Think about how you feel each day, or keep a journal to record your moods so you can recognize changes. Speak to your doctor if you are concerned about your mood changes. They may be able to help you determine if the changes are due to stress or are directly related to your treatments and/or medications. They may be able to change your medications to ones with fewer side effects. A mental health therapist can help you learn strategies to cope with your mood changes. You may be asked to participate in cognitive behavioral therapy or other therapeutic methods. Sometimes, medication is prescribed to combat mood changes, as long as it won’t interfere with your current treatment plan and chemotherapy medications.

Summary in Portuguese:

Aprenda a reconhecer as mudanças de humor. Fale com o médico sobre as suas mudanças de humor. Busque ajuda de um terapeuta.


Article in English: Sometimes fish can appear dead, but are actually sick or in distress. Before you dispose of the body, make sure that your fish is actually dead.Sometimes fish can swim on their side or upside down because they are constipated. Check the gills, eyes, and skin carefully.  Watch the gill covers closely. For a few moments, watch your fish to make sure it’s not just breathing very slowly. Does it respond when you gently nudge it? If the skin has become discolored or white, it may indicate rotting, parasites, or disease. Look at your fish’s eyes. If the eyes have turned grey, then the fish has passed on. If possible, look the fish over and try to figure out why it died. Especially if you have other fish in that tank or plan on getting another fish in the future, this can help you prevent future deaths. It can also give you a sense of closure, so that you aren’t continually wondering why your fish died.  Check the water levels. Was the tank too full? Did the fish jump out because the water level was too high or because there wasn’t a lid on the tank? Was there enough water in the tank? Test the water quality. Are the pH, ammonia, nitrite, etc. levels what they should be? Is there obvious injury (split fins, open wounds, etc.)? Does it appear the fish got into a fight or injured by some of the tank equipment? Do you see any signs of disease, infection, or parasites? Is the body discolored or bloated? Is it possible your fish ate too much or became poisoned by something foreign in the tank? Once you are sure your fish is dead, then you need to take care of the remains. There are several options you have for taking care of the body, and the final decision is up to you. While many people flush their fish down the toilet, this is not recommended. If the fish died of a disease, it could pollute the local water.  Don't put your dead fish in a body of water, such as a pond, river, or the ocean. Your fish could be carrying a disease which can infect wildlife.  You can bury it in the backyard, a composting area, or a flower...

Summary in Portuguese:

Certifique-se de que o peixe está mesmo morto. Tente descobrir por que o peixe morreu. Descarte o corpo com respeito e da maneira correta.


Article in English: Sometimes hamsters don’t stray further than the area around their cage and can be found easily. But your hamster may also have spots he tends to hide in when he goes missing. Usually these areas are narrow, dark, and easy to get in to. For example:  Inside boxes, such as tissue boxes or empty garbage bins. Under couches, beds, and loveseats. Behind or under bookshelves. Inside cabinets and wardrobes. Inside kitchen and dresser drawers. Keep in mind when searching drawers not to push them back too hard in the event your hamster is hiding behind a drawer. Behind large furniture like tables, vases, and mirrors that are on the ground. Most hamsters will chew through objects to get inside and burrow or hide. Your hamster can also squeeze into a hole as small as an inch in diameter, so she may try to chew or scratch through objects or even a crack in your walls. Turn off any sources of noise and then switch off the lights in the room. Sit still and listen for any scratching, chewing, or rustling noises. This may help you determine where your hamster is hiding. Sometimes, hamster who escape bring a hoard of sunflower seeds with them. Look for piles or trails of half-eaten sunflower seeds, or seed husks in any of your hamster’s usual hiding places. You may want to use a flashlight to check dark and narrow spots. Your hamster may also end up going to the bathroom when he is outside of his cage. Look for any droppings or poop trails, as this may lead you straight to your missing hamster.

Summary in Portuguese:

Olhe ao redor da gaiola e nos cantinhos preferidos dele. Fique atento aos sons de arranhões e mastigação. Procure por rastros de comida e fezes.


Article in English: Sometimes having a fever can cause you to feel very cold, even to the point of having shivers. If this happens, however, avoid piling on blankets or more layers of clothing. This will just raise your body temperature even more. The cold feeling is due to the temperature difference between your skin and the air around you. Try to avoid drafts, and get under a light blanket if you need to. Even if you feel very hot because of your fever, don't shower or bathe in cold water to lower your temperature. This can cause you to start shivering, which can actually increase your body temperature, making your fever last longer. Ideally, your shower or bath should be just a little warmer than room temperature. Applying rubbing alcohol on your skin makes your skin feel cooler. However, it is a very temporary sensation. Also, it can cause shivering, which raises your core body temperature. In addition, the skin can soak up the alcohol. This can lead to alcohol poisoning, which can be very dangerous and can even lead to a coma, especially in infants and children. In addition to the risks of lung cancer and other respiratory diseases, smoking also suppresses your body’s immune system. That means your body will have to fight harder against viruses and bacteria, so you'll be more susceptible to high fevers. Quitting can be really hard, so talk to your doctor about cessation aids or support groups that may help. Infants and children should not be exposed to secondhand smoke, especially while they have a fever. Both caffeine and alcohol can cause you to become dehydrated. When you have a fever, you're already susceptible to dehydration, so this is an especially dangerous risk. For that reason, it's best to avoid both substances until you're feeling better. In addition to increasing your risk of dehydration, alcohol weakens the immune system, making it harder for your body to recover quickly.

Summary in Portuguese:

Não vista várias camadas de roupas, nem mesmo se estiver com calafrios. Não tome banhos muito frios. Não tente refrescar a pele com álcool isopropílico. Não fume enquanto estiver com febre. Não consuma cafeína e álcool enquanto estiver com febre.


Article in English: Sometimes having inner emptiness or loneliness is filled with a busy lifestyle. What you might be missing is love and support. Visiting with friends and family can help fill that void by helping you to relax and give balance to your busy life.  Talking with people you love and trust is a good way to relieve stress, think positive, and take your mind off of work and other pressing issues. Regardless of how busy your weekly schedule is, take one day of the week to dedicate to friends and family. Your body and mind will appreciate it. Family and friends also provide companionship, camaraderie, and happier encounters that reduce feelings of loneliness and stress. Recent research illustrates that participating in meaningful work, like volunteering, is linked to increased well-being, lower rates of depression, and reduced risk of dying.  Instead of laying around the house all day, consider getting out and volunteering. The benefits of good physical activity and helping others are sure to get you in a good frame of mind. Making social connections with human beings and not your computer or cell phone will make you feel good because humans were created to see, touch, and interact with each other. Biologically, this interaction releases the hormone oxytocin, which is associated with bonding, caring, and reducing stress levels. Volunteering is a feel-good activity that should give you a deep sense of worth and happiness. There are times when even the best human being occasionally acts on impure motivations. We tell small lies to avoid larger problems, act improperly to get social approval, or console a friend or acquaintance to get a favor in return. Although these actions are not necessarily illegal, they do build up and come with guilt and other unsavory feelings.  Think about the true motivations for your actions by asking yourself what the real reason is for doing something. In other words, don’t lie to yourself or others. Believe your reason is a good reason. Believing in yourself and telling the truth about why...

Summary in Portuguese:

Passe mais tempo com amigos e familiares. Ocupe o seu tempo com o que importa. Acredite em si mesmo. Busque ajuda profissional.


Article in English: Sometimes hibernation is triggered by a lack of food or water in order to conserve energy. To avoid sending your hamster into hibernation, ensure that it always has access to plenty of food and water. The bedding in your hamster’s cage will help insulate it and protect it from the cold. Make sure your hamster has sufficient bedding to stave off hibernation. If your hamster starts hibernating, try adding more bedding to prevent this from happening again. Having more body fat will help prevent your hamster from going into hibernation mode. Try feeding your hamster more fattening food items like sunflower seeds, peanuts, or avocado. However, be sparing with the fatty foods because a little goes a long way with tiny hamsters. During the cold winter months, be more mindful of your hamster’s behavior and if it seems warm enough. Maybe give your hamster some extra bedding in its cage during the winter and provide more fatty foods than normal. Keep an eye on your pet to make sure it stays safe and alert during the cold season.

Summary in Portuguese:

Mantenha o hamster bem servido de água e comida. Coloque coberturas quentes na gaiola. Ofereça uma dieta mais rica em gorduras. Fique mais atento no inverno.


Article in English: Sometimes it's not that work is terrible or terribly slow, it's just that our heads aren't in it. To make sure you start out the day with energy to power through the seconds, start with a healthy breakfast. Ditch the doughnut that will give you the sugar crash before noon and go for something protein packed, like eggs, lean meat, and whole grain bread. That morning will go by much faster when you don't have to slog through it. Try to stay away from too much caffeine, as well. Your morning cup of joe is fine, but three cups of coffee later you could be asking for trouble come the afternoon or at night. Not sleeping is a definite way to make the work day trudge by. If you have a desk job from 9-5, the time will not pass by quickly if it physically pains you to sit at your computer. The more comfortable you are; the better you'll feel, the more you'll be able to work, and the less you'll feel inclined to just tell your boss you're going home. When your body is happy, your mind is happy too. Though an ergonomic chair and desk is a good idea, that's shoveling out money you don't necessarily have to shovel out. Aim to sit up straight and have your computer at the right height for your arms and wrists. That's half the battle won right there. There could be one giant reason the time isn't flying by: you have no coworkers to distract you with. Humans naturally are social creatures and exchanging a witty comment or two with those around you can make the clock tick by faster, improve your morale, and give you that boost to get your work done even faster. How could your boss argue with that? Not convinced this is worth it? Recent studies have shown that if you're friends with your coworkers, you may live longer. The truth is that those who are happier and more relaxed (and coworkers determine a chunk of this) are healthier in general. So if you don't want to laugh at Rich's joke just for the sake of being friendly, at least do it for your health. Work being just work is a recipe for disaster. You'll burn yourself out in...

Summary in Portuguese:

Prepare um café da manhã saudável. Transforme seu ambiente de trabalho em um lugar ergonômico. Seja social. Crie alguns rituais para seu trabalho. Cuide-se fora do trabalho.


Article in English: Sometimes itching occurs for emotional or psychosomatic reasons. Psychological factors that can trigger severe attacks of itching are:  Extreme emotional conditions Stress Anxiety Depression There are a number of skin conditions and rashes that are likely to result in a case of severe itching. These include:  Dry skin, or xerosis: Typically caused by exposure to extreme cold, heat, moisture, or dryness. Dermatitis: A general term used to refer to a rash that’s itchy, red, swollen, and possibly flaking skin, blistering, forming a crust, or oozing pus. Psoriasis: A long-term skin disorder that causes skin cells to build up and form patches of thick, scaly, and itchy skin. Scabies: A highly contagious skin disease caused by an infestation of tiny skin mites. Lice: Tiny parasitic insects that can be found on people’s bodies, and that cause extreme itchiness. Chickenpox: A viral infection that many people get at some point during their lives that produces extremely itchy blisters all over the body. Hives: An outbreak of swollen, itchy, pale red bumps that appear suddenly on the body in response to an allergic reaction, extreme stress, or some other reason. The bodily changes that accompany different types of internal diseases can also cause severe cases of itching. The internal diseases most likely to contribute to itchiness are:  Liver disease Kidney disease Thyroid disorders Cancer Many types of allergic reactions can cause extreme cases of itching. These include poor reactions to:  Drugs or medications you’ve never taken before Noxious chemicals or substances Certain types of food Insect bites or stings Infections from a wound or illness can lead to burning sensations, pain, swelling, and itchiness. Skin that’s become physically irritated by an environmental factor—temperature, clothing, or similar factors—can quickly become itchy. Any disorder that affects the nerves can sometimes lead to severe itching. The nerve conditions most likely to cause itchiness are:  Diabetes Herpes Multiple sclerosis Many women...

Summary in Portuguese:

Saiba as causas psicológicas do problema, pois algumas coceiras ocorrem por razões emocionais ou psicossomáticas. Tenha consciência de que algumas condições cutâneas poderão causar coceira. Descubra como doenças internas podem levar a coceiras. Entenda as reações alérgicas, pois muitas podem causar coceira. Tenha cuidado com as infecções, pois, advindas de uma ferida, elas podem causar sensações de queimação, dor, inchaço e coceira. Aprenda mais sobre irritações cutâneas. Entenda as condições nervosas causadoras de coceira. Saiba que a gravidez pode ser um fator subjacente.


Article in English: Sometimes it’s easy to realize what your own non-negotiables are when you ask someone close to you what theirs are. When you hear what someone has to say, it may help you to acknowledge that you have the same, or different, beliefs. Ask someone you know and trust, as they will likely be the most helpful in this situation. To get your friend to open up to you, you could say, “I’ve been trying to figure out what my beliefs are in life, and I was wondering if you felt comfortable enough to tell me what yours are? I really respect you and value what you have to say. I think listening to you could help me determine what mine are.” Do you know someone who probably knows you better than you know yourself? Is there someone in your life whose opinion you value more than anyone’s? If so, ask them what they think your non-negotiables are. Chances are, they will be right. For example, you could say, “I’m having a difficult time determining what my personal values and beliefs are. You know, the things that I feel strongly about? If you had to guess, what would you say mine are?” Then you can think about what they said and determine if they are correct. When you’re trying to determine your non-negotiables as a couple or a family, it’s important to figure them out with your partner. Talk to each other about what you believe these principles should be. Hopefully you can get on the same page.  For instance, some of your family or couple non-negotiables could be to spend time with each other on a certain day every week: no exceptions. It could also be that you eat together at the dinner table every night, or that at a certain time every night your phones and other electronic devices are turned off.  Or, you might add to the list that you will never tolerate abuse from a friend or significant other. You might decide to add this based on personal experience or after watching a friend in an abusive situation.

Summary in Portuguese:

Pergunte sobre os valores e crenças pessoais de alguém que você confia. Peça a opinião de outra pessoa. Discuta o assunto com sua parceira.


Article in English: Sometimes manual movement watches can last up to five days with one wind. This doesn’t mean your watch operates on automatic movement. Check the packaging details or research the serial code online to find out more info. You can always wait to see how long your watch lasts from one wind. If it is an automatic movement watch, the watch will operate for a long time. The automatic movement will lose wind if it is not worn regularly. Take the watch off your wrist to properly set the wind. It is important that you be cautious when handling the stem of the watch. The stem is connected to several important mechanisms inside your watch that you don't want to break. Fiddling with the stem of your watch while it's attached to your arm could bend or damage it. Automatic movement is similar to a manual movement watch, except that it is powered by a rotor which maintains the watches energy. The crown should also set the time, date, or other function on your watch. Like a manual movement watch, you’ll need to pull the crown out to expose the stem. A good way to test what each level of the stem does is to test each one. The level that winds the watch shouldn’t appear differently on the outside. Once you’ve determined which level of the stem affects the wind, you’re ready to set your watch. Twist the crown clockwise until you feel resistance. It’s important not to go past the point of resistance on your stem. You can break mechanical bits in your watch if you twist too far. Go to a watch specialist if you’ve twisted the stem too far. Once you’ve wound the watch, you can set the time and other functions. Check the face of your watch to be certain which components you’re affecting.  Use a digital watch to set an accurate time and date.

Summary in Portuguese:

Pesquise sobre seu relógio. Prepare o relógio. Localize a ponta. Gire a haste. Deixe o relógio como estava.


Article in English: Sometimes opposites attract, and this can definitely be the case when pairing beer and food. Consider the richness, spiciness, bitterness, and sweetness of a beer and pair it with foods in a yin-yang sort of way to balance the two.  Intensity of flavor in beer can involve malt character, hop bitterness, richness, and the alcoholic strength. Intensity of food flavors is all about richness, spicing, sweetness, texture, and complexity. Try matching foods heavy on sweetness or fattiness with contrasting flavors in beers like hop bitterness or roasted malt. The flavor profile of a bock is rich and warm with caramel and toasty aromas. Balance this sweetness by pairing a bock with intensely flavored or spicy foods such as slow roasted meats, Cajun food, or jerk chicken. Amber ales are known for their sweet caramel notes and citrusy aroma profiles. This is best contrasted by foods with a smoky flavor profile such as chili.

Summary in Portuguese:

Escolha uma cerveja cujo aroma e sabor contrastem o do prato. Como acompanhamento para pratos apimentados, use a Bock. Harmonize um prato defumado com uma American Amber Ale, tipo de cerveja notório pelo sabor caramelizado e o aroma cítrico, que rendem um ótimo contraste com o sabor defumado de alimentos como o chili.


Article in English: Sometimes part of procrastinating is filling our day up with so many side tasks that we have difficulty seeing what we are really doing. Look for useful indicators that you're procrastinating that include:  Sitting down to do something important and then deciding to get coffee or a snack. Filling up your day with low priority tasks. Re-reading memos or e-mails many times before deciding what to do with them. Many people are inclined to make to-do-lists. However, these can make your day seem daunting and without being tangibly incorporated into your day are little more than wishful aspirations. You need to consider how much time you have and how long each task will take in order to effectively get moving and avoid a day of laziness.  Make sure you actually account for how long tasks will take you. This reduces the chance you will procrastinate because you are working along a tangible schedule. Also, realize that things may come up that alter your schedule. This is okay. All you need to do is add this to the schedule and adjust your day. Set boundaries. People who are prone to procrastination should avoid blending life/work boundaries. Assuming you will end each work day at 5:30 P.M. forces you to be productive within a certain timespan. You may procrastinate when you feel like there are too many things to do and you shouldn't bother even starting. Most people believe that they are working harder than they actually are. This is because people feel so overwhelmed and fragmented by endless tasks. We live in a world of constant stimulation and information. Simplify your life and you'll be less likely to be overwhelmed into inactivity. Try media fasting for a week. Not all the information that we consume everyday from all kind of media is useful. Unless it's required for you to consume certain information for your work, stop everything else for a week. No TV, no newspaper, no social websites, no leisure Internet surfing, no watching videos on the Internet. You might want to create your own rule for this tip. For...

Summary in Portuguese:

Reconheça que está procrastinando. Faça uma programação para o dia. Faça menos tarefas, mas cumpra-as corretamente. Transforme em hábito fazer qualquer coisa assim que ela for vista.


Article in English: Sometimes people avoid telling children about the death of a pet right away because the conversation can be so difficult. When a pet dies, it is best to tell your child soon after it happens rather than avoiding or putting off the conversation. Your child may feel betrayed if you wait to tell him or her about the death of your pet. It is important to be honest with your child and avoid using phrases like “put to sleep” and “passed away” because these expressions may confuse your child. Tell your child in a direct manner that your pet has died and that there was nothing that could be done. Do not share any details with your child that may be traumatic. For example, do not describe the cause of your pet’s death to your child. The concept of euthanasia might be difficult for some children to understand. Other children might have an easier time understanding, but you may have to answer some difficult questions as well. For example, your child may ask if euthanasia is like killing the animal. Do your best to provide honest answers to your child, but do not go into too much detail to avoid upsetting your child. Your child’s reaction may vary depending on his or her age and prior experiences with death. For example, a young child may be very sad and then seem fine a few minutes later, while a teenager may respond with anger and storm off. Keep in mind that people respond to death in a variety of different ways. Even if your child seems fine, he or she may be working through a wide range of confusing emotions.

Summary in Portuguese:

Conte imediatamente o que aconteceu para o seu filho. Conte a verdade, mas deixe de fora detalhes que possam traumatizar a criança. Só explique o processo de eutanásia se o seu filho for maduro o suficiente para compreender. Prepare-se para a reação do seu filho.


Article in English: Sometimes people become hyper aware of themselves and worry they're coming across the wrong way which can make other people think poorly of them. Everyone feels fearful and nervous from time to time, and this is normal. But, if you are feeling fearful to the point that it affects your daily life and interactions, it may be time to address some of these fears. What is your body telling you? Is your heart racing? Are you sweating? These are all autonomic, or involuntary, bodily responses that are meant to ready us for action (like fight or flight), but sometimes these bodily sensation can create more fear and worry. How is your body feeling? Ask yourself, “What about this situation is making me nervous and fearful?” Maybe you are worried about sitting in the wrong seat at a nice dinner or you will say the wrong thing and you will be embarrassed. Determine if this fear is helping you in some way or if it's keeping you from doing things or living your life. Some other things you can ask are:  What am I afraid of happening? Am I sure it will happen? How sure? Has it happened before? What was the end result of it happening before? What is the worst that could happen? What is the best thing that could happen (that I may miss out on if I don’t try)? Will this moment affect the rest of my life? Am I being realistic with my expectations and beliefs? If my friend were in my shoes, what advice would I give her? Taking a few deep breaths can be powerful and help you keep your anxiety in check. Deep breathing slows your heart rate. If you can, try placing your hand on your belly and taking deep breaths so that only your hand on your belly moves, but not your chest. This is called, “Diaphragmatic Breathing.” Deep breathing can help you relax and reduce your anxiety. Many times we feel nervous and anxious when we feel we are not in control. If you are going into an anxiety producing situation, take a few minutes beforehand to do a few minutes of meditation or journaling before going into the situation. This way, you will be...

Summary in Portuguese:

Entenda como o medo afeta a confiança. Cheque seu estado físico. Avalie as coisas que teme. Aprenda a lidar com o medo através de respirações profundas. Pratique a meditação e a consciência plena. Coloque o pensamento que causa o medo ou a ansiedade no papel.


Article in English: Sometimes people dismiss small talk for being superficial or shallow. However, small talk serves an important social function: it allows relative strangers to become acquainted with one another without causing either party stress or discomfort. Allow yourself to engage in small-talk without feeling bad or shallow. Small-talk is important talk too! Appropriate topics of conversation can depend quite a bit on the specific event you are attending. For example, you cannot talk politics at a work event, but political conversations are appropriate at a candidate's fundraiser. Similarly, you will likely not want to "talk shop" at a friend's party, but you might want to do so at a work event. In general it is a good idea to:  Consider the common thread that brought you both to the event (work, a mutual friend, a mutual interest) Steer clear of controversial topics unrelated to the event Remain polite and casual An open-ended question is one that cannot be answered with a simple "yes" or "no" and instead requires a more in-depth, personalized response. Ask your conversation partner some simple, basic questions about their lives that will allow you to get to know them without violating their boundaries. As a rule of thumb, anything you might be asked while setting up an online profile is game.  What’s your hometown? What was it like? Where do you work? What keeps you busy? What did you think about (such-and-such) movie? What kind of music do you like? What are your top five bands? Do you read? Which three books would you bring with you onto a desert island? There are a number of traditional small-talk questions that have to do with your hobbies, job, and family. Think about a few twists you can incorporate in order to let your small-talk go a bit deeper without violating any personal boundaries. Some good options include:  What’s the best surprise your life has thrown you so far? What’s your oldest friend like? What would be your ideal job? What’s one thing you think you would be really good at if you made the time to...

Summary in Portuguese:

Aceite as conversas casuais. Fique atento ao ambiente. Faça perguntas simples e abertas. Acrescente um tempero a mais nas perguntas habituais. Descubra os interesses da outra pessoa. Concentre-se nos assuntos positivos. Concentre-se na qualidade conversa, não na quantidade de assuntos. Seja amigável. Faça perguntas complementares. Interrompa as conversas acaloradas. Elogie. Encontre interesses em comum, mas aceite as diferenças. Compartilhe o foco da conversa de forma equilibrada. Fique atento aos eventos atuais. Demonstre senso de humor. Seja você mesmo. Não tenha medo dos pensamentos convencionais ou amadores. Leve em consideração as conversas anteriores com essa pessoa. Pense nos eventos interessantes da sua própria vida. Encerre a conversa educadamente.


Article in English: Sometimes protecting yourself from humiliation is as simple as figuring out which situations and people are likely to humiliate you. Identify these triggers for humiliation and extinguish them from your life. This could be an overly negative friend who always puts you down, a demoralizing workplace that is never happy with your contributions, or a family that tries to shame you at every turn. Humility is about learning to accept and realistically assess your strengths and limitations. Being realistic about your character is a great way to protect yourself from humiliation, which tries to degrade you. A person with humility won’t fall victim to the illusion of worthlessness that humiliating experiences try to push on us. Make a list of your strengths and challenges. Have a close friend or loved one look over the list and discuss it with you. Ask for the person’s honest opinion and try to be receptive to his feedback. Research shows that self-esteem can be a powerful defense against the humiliation associated with failure. Follow these steps to increase your self-esteem:  Avoid comparing yourself to other people. Your only competition should be with yourself. The reason you should avoid doing this is because you don’t see what goes on behind the scenes in the lives of other people. You may be comparing yourself to the way they are presenting themselves rather than their true identity.  Adjust your self-talk. Replace negative thoughts like “I can’t do it” with hopeful statements such as “this is hard, but I can get through it.” Avoid putting unreasonable demands on yourself with thoughts about what you “should” or “must” do. Certain mental health conditions can make you more vulnerable to humiliation. Social phobia, narcissistic personality disorder, and major depression can leave you open to the experience of humiliation more than people who don’t struggle from these hardships. If you’ve been diagnosed with any of these disorders, seek help in order to vaccinate yourself against humiliation before it happens. ...

Summary in Portuguese:

Não coloque-se em situações “tóxicas”. Cultive a humildade, que se resume a aprender a aceitar e avaliar, de forma realista, seus pontos fortes e limitações. Eleve sua autoestima. Busque ajuda para outros problemas de saúde mental, que poderão deixá-lo mais suscetível à humilhação.


Article in English: Sometimes scratches to the cornea are caused by small objects that get trapped beneath the eyelid, such as dust, dirt, sand or even an eyelash. Before you can start to treat the scratch, you must remove this foreign object. Try blinking several times in a row to remove the object. Closing and opening your eye can stimulate the lacrimal glands to produce more tears and wash the foreign body out of the eye.  With your right hand, pull the upper eyelid over the lower eyelid of the affected eye. The lashes of the lower eyelid may brush the foreign object out of the eye. Do not try to remove any trapped items with your fingers, tweezers, or any other object as this can make the eye injury worse. If blinking didn't get the foreign object out of your eye, try rinsing your eye with water or saline solution. It's best to use a sterile or saline solution. Do not use tap water. Ideal properties for eyewash solution include a neutral pH of 7.0 and a temperature between 60°F and 100°F (15.5 to 37.8°C). Though this is anecdotally often suggested, do NOT administer the solution to your eye using a cup. If there is a foreign object in the eye, using a cup to pour water on it can cause the object to become further lodged in the eye. Follow these guidelines as to how long you should rinse your eye out:  For mildly irritating chemicals, rinse for five minutes. For moderate-to-severe irritants, rinse for at least 20 minutes. For non-penetrating corrosives such as acids, rinse for 20 minutes. For penetrating corrosives such as alkalis, rinse for at least 60 minutes. Be sure to note any additional symptoms that may indicate that a poisonous solution has gotten into the eye, including: nausea or vomiting, headaches or lightheadedness, double vision or impaired vision, dizziness  or loss of consciousness, rashes or fever. If you notice these symptoms, call poison control (800) 222-1222 and seek medical attention immediately. Another method of removing any trapped objects is to place some lubricating eye drops in the injured eye to...

Summary in Portuguese:

Experimente piscar. Enxágue o olho. Use colírios. Procure um médico se o arranhão piorar em vez de melhorar.


Article in English: Sometimes talking can really help reduce emotional triggers and promote understanding. Your family and friends know you better than anyone. They know when to anticipate your triggers, so they can help encourage you during those times.  Ask them to soothe and comfort you. A little care can go a long way in reducing triggered emotions. If your triggered emotions have to do with feeling unsafe, your friends or family could help you. For example, if you feel too afraid to go outside alone, they could go with you to the store or to the park. Quit lying and saying "I'm fine." Instead, be honest about what you need.   "I need to be alone right now so I can sort out my feelings. We can talk later." "I could use a hug." "I'm feeling sad. You can't fix it, but I could really use a friend to help me take my mind off of things. Could we do something fun?" "I'm upset about your teasing. My voice is kind of a sore spot for me... would you mind not teasing me about it anymore?" "I just need a few minutes to calm down." "I'm having trouble sorting out a problem at work. Do you have time to listen?" Find a good counselor, social worker, or psychotherapist. Lots of people have trouble managing their emotions and dealing with triggers. People with special training can help you identify your triggers, and they can teach you strategies for dealing with them. These are caring professionals who may have tools for helping people work with intense emotions, or they can refer you to someone who does. A spiritual director or pastor can also give you spiritual guidance that can help you during those times when you're trying to manage your emotions. A doctor can prescribe medication if needed that can alleviate emotions like stress and depression. Anger management and emotion regulation might be good places to start. Books dealing with trauma could help you identify the root of your triggers. If you've already identified the reasons behind your triggers, then read books about that topic. For instance, if your triggers are caused from...

Summary in Portuguese:

Converse com parentes e amigos sobre as situações que ativam seus gatilhos e seus sentimentos. Diga às pessoas como elas podem ajudá-lo quando o virem triste. Procure ajuda profissional. Procure um psicólogo. Leia livros de autoajuda que falem sobre as emoções e seus gatilhos. Pense em participar de um grupo de apoio.


Article in English: Sometimes there’s nothing more therapeutic than giving in to your heightened emotions for a while. Have a nice cry if you feel really tense and think it would help dispel your nervousness. When you are finished crying, wipe your eyes, pull yourself together and get on with what needs to be done. If you’re really stressed or nervous, then getting rid of those nervous or intense feelings can actually help you cleanse your mind and body and to be prepared to face the day. Another thing you can do to help yourself be less nervous regularly is to get into the habit of writing in a journal. You can write about your daily life or just focus on the things that are making you nervous. If you write about the things you’re worried about, then it can help you gain a sense of control or perspective about them, and will lead you to think more rationally instead of purely with your emotions. If you write in your journal at least a few times a week, it may help you feel more calm and centered. Writing about why you're nervous and what you can do to overcome the nervousness and  to get you through the moment can be beneficial. Chat with your therapist, family member, trusted friend, or significant other. Maybe they can come up with some ideas to stop your nervousness. What’s more, just opening up about your worries can make you feel better and relieved of some of those fears. Instead of keeping it all inside, make an effort to talk to people about how you’re feeling and being honest about your feelings.

Summary in Portuguese:

Libere as emoções. Escreve sobre essas coisas. Converse com alguém sobre o seu nervosismo.


Article in English: Sometimes weight loss is caused by underlying illnesses or health issues. If you believe this could be the case for you, then speak to your doctor first.  If you are gaining weight after an illness it helps to eat bland and easy to digest foods such as eggs and smoothies. Eggs are an especially good choice because they are cheap and you can prepare them in lots of different ways. Also, try to eat at least 5 ounces (150 g) of meat every day. Avoid raw fish if your immune system is compromised. Make sure to discuss the plan and take care of any concerns. Consider visiting a dietitian for a personalized meal plan tailored to your needs. It is as hard for some people to gain weight as it is to lose it. Be patient and don’t overdo your efforts. Try to gain about .5-1 lb. (.25-.5 kg) per week by adding 250-500 kcal per day into your diet. Try to eat six meals a day rather than forcing yourself to eat three huge meals a day. Eating small meals helps you maintain healthy eating habits while adding calories to your diet. Small meals also prevent you from feeling overfull and not eating later on. Rather than stuffing yourself at each meal try to eat just a little bit more than what you would normally eat. This prevents you from overfilling your stomach, which can cause stomach ache or cause you to eat less later on. Eating just a little bit more also means that you do not have to spend a lot of extra money on food. You would simply make a little bit extra for every meal you prepare. Every meal should have protein, starch, vegetables and fat. You do not have to rely on unhealthy fast food or junk food to consume extra calories and gain weight. There are healthier options for increasing your weight.  Calories count but so do nutrients. Make sure your diet is balanced and that you are getting all the right vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. It helps to start with nutritious foods and then load them up with calories by adding yogurt, nuts and healthy fats.  Make sure you eat protein with every meal if you are trying...

Summary in Portuguese:

Solucione o problema por trás da perda de peso. Procure um médico antes de iniciar uma dieta ou um programa de exercícios. Ganhe peso gradualmente. Faça refeições pequenas, mas com frequência. Coma um pouco a mais em cada refeição. Faça refeições balanceadas. Pratique exercícios. Faça treinos de força para construir músculos e não acumular gordura. Aumente o apetite. Beba bastante água. Restrinja o consumo de gorduras animais e sódio. .


Article in English: Sometimes you can find a good coach through your cycling club, but you can also look through the classifieds in cycling magazines. A good coach can help you break your own time records, build your endurance and speed, and improve your technique when racing against others. An experienced coach can also give you advice about the best nutrition for endurance sports and advise you on the best equipment. Analyze each race to see what you can improve on in terms of technique, equipment or physical stamina. Look at the track and see what challenges you're going to have to face, and what you need in order to deal with them! You can also look at videos of racers that you know you'll be competing against, if you can find them, to see how they handle similar challenges. Study professional cyclists to learn how they train and eat, and what their techniques and racing strategies are. You'll notice patterns in terms of how they approach a race and work with other cyclists in their teams. Adopt the techniques that work for you. There are several different types of cycling events, and finding your niche can help you to set yourself apart. Find a coach who can help you to develop your skills in your chosen event. For example, you could focus on time trials, criteriums, or stage races if you are a road racer. You could specialize in downhill, enduro, or cross country if you are a mountain bike racer. Or, if prefer to race on a track (aka a velodrome), then you might participate in sprint, pursuit, or scratch races.

Summary in Portuguese:

Encontre um técnico para te ajudar a melhorar seu tempo e suas técnicas. Faça um reconhecimento de terreno. Estude os ciclistas profissionais para aprender como eles treinam e se alimentam, e quais técnicas e estratégias eles usam. Domine as competências fundamentais.


Article in English: Sometimes you might opt for quantity over quality, especially if you only need a basic pen for occasional writing tasks. If this is the case, run down to your local convenience store and snag a package of non-refillable ballpoint pens for a couple bucks. You’ll have a supply that will get the job done and last you for months (or possible even years, assuming the ink doesn’t dry out), so you won’t have to worry about running out of pens for a long time.  A package of 60 Bic Stic ballpoint pens can be purchased for less than $5. Inexpensive pens like this will be a no-brainer to people who aren’t looking to spend a lot on writing utensils. What these sort of pens lack in sophistication, they make up for in sheer availability. If you do a lot of writing, make comfort a priority in picking the right pen for you. Many pen styles these days offer ergonomic designs and cushioned gripping surfaces. These features will be a benefit if you frequently spend hours signing, scribbling and outlining.  Try out different pens and see what feels the best. Pay attention to things like weight, the width of the body and how well it conforms to your hand. If you happen to use a pen you like while you’re out somewhere, make a note of what brand and model it is. Find an ink that looks good and serves your needs. People who like writing thick, smooth lines will do well with a quality ballpoint or gel ink pen. If you prefer the control and neat appearance of thin, sharp lines, go for a rollerball or fountain pen. Choosing an ink is mostly a matter of preference, as they each have distinct advantages and disadvantages. The biggest factors in deciding on an ink are how smoothly it transfers to the writing surface, how bold the color is and how likely it is to run, smear or bleed. If you plan on using the pen for a specific purpose, such as signing your name legibly on important documents or inking a drawing, look for a pen that will best serve that purpose. Artists will want to use fountain pens, since they offer the widest range of...

Summary in Portuguese:

Pegue um saco de canetas baratas e comuns. Encontre uma caneta que seja confortável de usar. Teste canetas diferentes para descobrir o tipo de tinta que você mais gosta. Escolha entre canetas diferentes baseado nas características únicas delas. Simplifique sua vida com canetas recarregáveis.


Article in English: Sometimes your emotions about another person can be so strong that they become completely overwhelming and you immediately know that something special is happening. When trying to figure out if you are attracted to someone, simply start out by asking yourself how happy you are to see the person. This can be an indicator of attraction.  Laughing at all of the person's jokes can be an indication of attraction. Smiling frequently can also be an indication of attraction. Be honest with yourself and think about whether or not you have any physical preferences. If you prefer someone who is tall, then you may not be attracted to someone who is short.  Make a list of your preferences.  Physical attractiveness is subjective and what one person finds physically appealing is not always universal. You must gaze at the person’s overall appearance to figure out if you like what you see. Physical appearance can include facial features (such as eyes, nose, lips, cheekbones), hygiene, hairstyle, attire, and anything else that affects their overall appearance. You cannot always make a sweeping statement about your preference because you can absolutely be attracted to someone who is the exact opposite of what you usually find attractive. However, sometimes your personal preference will be an overriding factor. For instance, there are some people who do not find people who smoke attractive. While this is not a physical characteristic, it is certainly something that can affect overall attractiveness.

Summary in Portuguese:

Absorva os sentimentos. Avalie as suas preferências físicas. Identifique os fatores desestimulantes.


Article in English: Sometimes, Excel documents created on older computers or versions of Excel become unstable on newer versions; similarly, Excel documents can be saved in many different file formats. By changing the Excel file format to "xlsx" (or "xls" for older programs), you can fix this problem. Click the Windows logo in the bottom-left corner of the screen. Click the folder-shaped icon in the lower-left side of the Start window. It's at the top of the File Explorer window. A toolbar will appear below this tab. This option is in the "Show/hide" section of the toolbar. Doing so will allow you to see the file type extensions at the end of files, including your Excel document. Go to the location of the Excel document that you want to recover, then click the document to select it. It's a tab in the upper-left side of the File Explorer window. This will prompt a toolbar to appear. This option is in the "Organize" section of the toolbar. Clicking Rename will cause the Excel file's name to become highlighted. Replace whatever comes after the period at the end of the file name with xlsx and then press ↵ Enter.  For example, if the document was named "Spreadsheet1.docx", you would change it to "Spreadsheet1.xlsx". If the file extension already is "xlsx", try using "xls" or "html". This will confirm your changes and change the file extension. Double-click the file to open it. If the file opens in Excel (or, if you selected "html" as the extension, a web browser), your file has successfully been recovered.  If you chose the "html" extension, you can convert the webpage into an Excel document by dragging the html file onto the Excel icon and then saving the file that opens as a new "xlsx" file. If the file still won't open, proceed to the next Windows method.

Summary in Portuguese:

Entenda por que o tipo de arquivo é importante. Abra o Iniciar. Abra o Explorador de Arquivos. Clique na guia Exibir. Marque a opção "Extensões de nomes de arquivos". Selecione o arquivo do Excel. Clique em Início. Clique em Renomear. Mude o tipo do arquivo. Clique em Sim quando o comando aparecer na tela. Tente abrir o arquivo.


Article in English: Sometimes, a person nears to hear their comment was inappropriate. If someone makes a comment that hurts your feelings, tell them directly what they did wrong. People who tease others for their weight are often taken aback to be called out on their behavior.  Be very frank. Turn to the person and say something like, "There is nothing funny about what you said. It's extremely rude to comment on my weight and I do not appreciate it." You can also turn it around on them with a piece of solid advice, "Cutting me down to increase your self-esteem is not healthy. Perhaps you should find another way to address those issues." You can also ask the person questions about their behavior. For example, "Why do you feel the need to put down my body? What good does that do for you?" Not everyone who calls you fat is trying to hurt your feelings. While this does not justify the behavior, some people think their comments may be helpful to your health and well-being. Make it clear this is not the case if you believe someone is trying to help you with their comments.  Say something like, "I appreciate your concern, but my health is between me and my doctor. If I ever wanted diet or nutrition advice, that's who I would ask." If the person persists, say something like, "You know, this really is not an appropriate conversation and I don't appreciate it." No two bodies are the same, and you should remind others this is something to celebrate. Show them you are proud of your body and they may be less likely to harass you. Say something like, "I like my body the way  it is, even if you don't. I'm happy with who I am, so your opinion does not matter much to me." If you're dealing with a friend or loved one who is calling you fat, establish firm boundaries for the future. No one should have to put up with someone constantly putting down their weight. If the behavior does not change, you may want to reevaluate your relationship with that person. People in your life should build you up not tear you down or insult you.  Let the person...

Summary in Portuguese:

Diga que o comentário é inapropriado. Explique que o seu peso é assunto seu. Lembre a pessoa de que todo mundo é diferente. Estabeleça limites para o futuro.


Article in English: Sometimes, breeding pairs spawn only days after being transferred to the spawning tank. In other cases, it can take several weeks of waiting and a little bit of prodding for them to feel comfortable enough to produce fry. Here are some things you can do to encourage breeding:  Raise the temperature a few degrees if it's currently under 80 °F (27 °C). Do a 75% water change, being careful to condition the water and make sure the pH and softness of the water is close to what the angels are accustomed to. Feed them a bit more than usual with high-quality freeze dried food. Give them more security by adding additional plants, spawning mops, or other fibrous, decontaminated props. Try a larger aquarium if your tank is at or below the 20 gallon (75.7 L) mark. Place another angelfish or another breeding pair close to, but still separate from, their aquarium. Sometimes, the sight of another angelfish will get them breeding. If you've waited in vain for your breeding pair to do the deed, and you've tried all of the above suggestions, it may be time to play matchmaker again. There's a good chance the breeding pair isn't actually compatible, and you'll want to find a different mate for each fish. Try placing them back into a bigger aquarium and wait for them to pair off with other mates. Angelfish normally care for their own spawn so leave them to it once they have spawned and disturb them as little as possible. Any form of undue stress or unexpected routine can cause the angelfish to start to eat their own fry.  As the breeding pair raises their fry, continue feeding the breeding pair as before, taking note that they may not be as hungry. Remove any unwanted or uneaten food immediately after feeding and take pains to ensure the water quality is high and uncontaminated. Occasionally you get a pair of angels that eat their fry. When this happens, you have no alternative but to remove the cone or slate with the eggs to another tank containing identical water and raise them artificially. Transfer the fry to a clean 1 gallon...

Summary in Portuguese:

Espere que seu casal reprodutor ponha os ovos. Se tudo falhar, forme pares com outros companheiros. Deixe os peixes-anjos criar seus próprios alevinos se quiser. Cuide dos alevinos artificialmente se for preciso. Espere que os alevinos eclodam por volta de 60 horas em temperatura ambiente.


Article in English: Sometimes, only certain formatting marks are set to show up in the document, which means the Show/Hide formatting marks button may not work. Instead, click on “File” and then “Options.” Under “Display” look at the section marked “Always show these formatting marks on the screen.” You should see a checked box labelled "paragraph marks". At this point you can also turn off any other formatting marks you want to remove, like spaces, hidden text and object anchors. The paragraph marks will no longer appear automatically in any of your documents.

Summary in Portuguese:

Clique em "Arquivo" e depois clique em "Opções". Clique em "Exibir". Desmarque a caixa de "Marcas de Parágrafo". Clique em "OK" na parte inferior da janela.


Article in English: Sometimes, over the course of installation, a wire might be jostled or damaged in such a way as to compromise its ability to transmit electricity to your new light. Additionally, in some cases, contractors may have used different colored wires for your electrical setup. In both of these cases you should use a circuit tester to ensure you don't make a dangerous mistake with your wiring.  A circuit tester can be purchased at most hardware stores. Turn off the electricity, free the wire you are uncertain about from the old fixture, and then turn the electricity back on, being sure that your free wire is not touching anything dangerous. Your circuit tester will have two nodes; connect one to the questionable wire and the other to a grounded, metal surface or your ground wire. If the light on your tester turns on, the wire is hot and is supplied with electricity. Some wiring jobs are done haphazardly, with poorly managed wire in the fixture box or wall or ceiling where you are working. After turning off the circuit, hold up your fixture to your mount to approximate how much wire you will need. Be sure to leave some excess. Wire can become damaged or get brittle over time, in which case, you might want to strip some insulation off the wire to tie a new fixture in to your circuit. If you are working with older wire, or if the stripped part of the wire is difficult to work with, after you have cut power to the circuit you are working on, you can strip more wire for greater ease of handling. It is recommended that you remove about ½" of wire insulation with a wire stripper or a utility knife. Be sure you exercise care when using a utility knife; you don't want to nick or damage the metal part of your wire. If you have a friend of family member available to assist, it can help a great deal to have this person hold the fixture while you're wiring. If you do not have help available, you can bend a piece of unused scrap wire to hang the light securely from the mount. With the fixture secured, you should be able to use...

Summary in Portuguese:

Verifique a corrente elétrica. Delimite uma área de trabalho. Utilize mais fio. Peça ajuda para fazer a instalação.


Article in English: Sometimes, the cloudy "film" is actually many tiny scratches. This damage is permanent. There is no great way to hide this damage, either, so don't expect to restore it to full shine. Keep reading to give it your best shot, and prevent this happening to your other glasses. Do not continue until you have tried wiping off the haze with vinegar. These solutions can make hard water films worse. If you notice a rainbow sheen to your glass, this is a related problem, called "silica film." Typically, the sheen is interrupted with white or solid-colored lines. Those lines are sites of irreversible damage, but you can scratch away the rainbow film. Add water to a bit of baking soda or toothpaste until it forms a paste. Rub gently onto the glass, then rinse.  You can scrape it away with a knife or pin as well, but take care not to chip or scratch the glass. You can use commercial glass polish instead. Different brands of toothpaste have different levels of abrasiveness. Look up your brand's "radioactive dentin abrasiveness" (RDA) rating online. Ideally, find an RDA between 200 and 250. You can still save your undamaged glasses. Etching is typically caused by very soft water or very hot water. Make one or more of these changes:  Let your sink run until its hottest point, then put a thermometer in a cup of water. If it's hotter than 140ºF (60ºC), lower your water heater settings. Use a no-heat dry cycle, if possible on your model. Do not pre-rinse dishes, unless necessary for your dishwasher. Use very little detergent, especially if pre-rinsing. (As little as ¼ full if your water is below three "grains" of hardness.) Switch to a detergent designed for soft water. Hand-dry valuable glassware. If your glasses already have etching, coat the scratches with clear nail polish and let it sit for 1 hour. Wipe any excess nail polish off with a clean cloth dipped in nail polish remover. If your dish scrubbing brush is so worn that the plastic or metal head butts against the glass, throw it away. This could be causing the...

Summary in Portuguese:

Aceite que o dano é irreversível. Lustre as partes mais brilhantes do copo. Adapte a lavadora para ela não deixar marcas na louça. Não use escovas desgastadas.


Article in English: Sometimes, you can remove dye at home using a kit or home remedy. Other times, it is best to get it done professionally at a salon. A professional hair dresser or stylist will be able to evaluate your hair and tell you whether you can remove the color yourself or if it would be better for a stylist to do it for you with professional supplies.  For example, if you have fragile hair and no experience, but your stylist specializes in this, it would be a good idea to let your stylist do it for you. Some stylists will tell you to get it done professionally in order to get more business. Don't be afraid to ask for a second opinion. The less dye you have to work with, the easier the color removal process will be, regardless of whether you do it yourself or have it done professionally. If you can't find a clarifying shampoo, consider using something that contains sulfates instead. Sulfates are harsh cleaning agents known to fade hair dye. They may make your hair feel dry afterwards, so be sure to follow up with a sulfate-free conditioner. You should still do this along with the clarifying shampoo. There is no need to burn yourself, however; just use the warmest temperature you can stand.  Hot water causes the hair cuticles to open up and become more porous. This allows the dye to come out to some extent. This may turn your hair frizzy. Consider using a good conditioner and rinsing with cool water afterwards. Not only is this wonderful for your hair, but it can help the dye fade even sooner. Apply a deep conditioning mask to your hair, then cover your hair with a shower cap. Wrap your head with a towel, then leave it on overnight. Rinse the deep conditioner out the next morning.  Rinsing the deep conditioner mask out the following morning is key as it will take some of the dye with it.  Be aware that this won't lighten the dye or make it fade completely. It will simply speed the process up and make the removal process easier. Avoid leaving a protein mask on overnight because this can make your hair brittle and lead to...

Summary in Portuguese:

Peça conselhos para um profissional no salão. Lave o cabelo com um xampu antirresíduos para desbotar a tintura. Lave o cabelo com água quente para ajudar a tintura a desbotar mais ainda. Use uma máscara de hidratação durante a noite e depois enxágue. Espere algumas semanas para que a tintura desbote sozinha.


Article in English: Sometimes, you need your parents to drive you somewhere for a school or club related reason. Your parents might be more willing to drive to these events since the events will better you in some way.  If you need your parents to drive you to school for a meeting, concert, or club meeting, explain to them that it is school-related. Tell them that you have a band concert or a drama club meeting. Most parents will be happy you are involved in extra-curricular activities and want to support you. If you need to go to the library to meet with your classmates for a group project, make sure your parents understand the ride is for a graded assignment. If you need a ride to sports practice, let them know. Explain to them that you have practice and need a ride to practice and games. If your parents are unwilling to take you despite your explanation, emphasize how important it is that you go. Sometimes, letting your parents know how important something is to you can be very persuasive.  If you need to go to a friend's house to study, tell your parents you are afraid you will fail the science test if you don't borrow your friend's notes and have them explain the concepts to you. If you need to go to practice, explain that missing practice can result in you getting kicked off the team, out of the play, or not being able to perform in the concert. If you have many after school activities or sports commitments, provide your parents with a schedule. This schedule should list days you have practice or meetings, the times you will need to be dropped off and picked up, and the locations. Giving your parents a schedule allows them to plan ahead for your rides, so you are not springing requests for rides on them all the time. Sometimes you might just want your parents to drive you to the store for a new game, or to a friend's house to spend the night. You don't have a pressing need to go, and your school work or place on the team isn't a factor. If this is the situation, ask your parents politely. Being mature, respectful, and...

Summary in Portuguese:

Tenha um bom motivo para ir até determinado lugar. Enfatize a importância da atividade. Mostre sua agenda aos seus pais. Peça educadamente. Mantenha a calma. Tente pedir quando seus pais estiverem de bom humor. Seja grato. Deixe seus pais pensarem no assunto, em vez de pedir uma resposta imediata. Se você mora com seu pai e mãe, procure a ajuda daquele entre eles que parece mais propenso a ajudá-lo. Não assuma que seus pais têm tempo livre ilimitado. Não desista. Dê-lhes um motivo para dizer sim.


Article in English: Sometimes, you will need to invest a little more time in taming your curly hair. These methods often include using hair masks and oils and tend to last a little bit longer. This section will give you some basic recipes for masks and oils that may leave your hair feeling soft and shiny. Keep in mind that everyone's curls are a little different, and that what works for your friend's curls may not work for yours. If one method does not work, do not despair: take a deep breath and try something else. You will need ½ cup honey and ¼ cup olive oil. Combine the mixture and warm it up a little bit over a stove or in the microwave, then apply it to your hair, one small section at a time. Place a shower cap over your hair and let the mask sit for 30 minutes.  You can dampen your hair prior to the treatment using a spray bottle containing conditioner diluted with water first. This method helps kinky curly hair.  You can also substitute the olive oil for 3 tablespoons of warm coconut oil. Leave this mask on your hair for 10 minutes, then rinse it out. You can create a luxurious mask for your hair using just olive oil. Simply heat up a tablespoon or so of olive oil (not hot) and apply it generously to your hair. Loosely pile your hair on top of your hair and, if necessary, secure it with a clip. Place a shower cap over your hair. Leave the mask in your hair for 20 minutes, then wash it out using shampoo and conditioner. . Vinegar may smell pungent, but when diluted with water, it can make your hair appear soft and shiny. It not only restores the natural pH of your hair, but also removes any soap residue. Dilute 1/3 cup (75 milliliters) of vinegar in 1 quart (1 liter) of cool water, and pour it over your hair at the end of your shower. The cool water will close the hair cuticles, making your hair look softer and shinier. Follow up with a regular shampoo and conditioner to remove the vinegar smell from your hair. Use this rinse once or twice a month.  You can use apple cider vinegar or distilled white vinegar. Play around...

Summary in Portuguese:

Use uma máscara, um óleo ou outras soluções de longo prazo. Faça uma máscara com mel e azeite de oliva quando o cabelo estiver bem seco. Se quiser uma opção mais simples, use apenas o azeite. Conte com o vinagre Faça uma mistura mil e uma utilidades. Corte as pontinhas.


Article in English: Sometimes, you'll be owed a sum of money by the government, which doesn't try very hard to make you aware of your right to collect. As many as a billion dollars a year go unclaimed as a result of pensions, tax returns, investments, and other reasons. If you think you may be owed some money, you can learn where to look and how to collect it.  Technically, this is money that is already yours. You can't claim money on the behalf of someone else who doesn't collect it, unless you're named as a beneficiary. Each type of money will be different, however, and vary state-to-state. You can search by the state you live in, to find unclaimed money, by clicking here. If you were laid off, or your company went out of business, you might be owed a pension that you're unaware of. Unclaimed pensions can be searched via the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (PBGC) website, by searching for the name of the employer, or the name of the business. In some cases, you may have had tax money withheld from your paychecks, but were not required to pay taxes because of your particular bracket. In this case, you're owed a tax refund that you may not be aware of. You can check the status of your return from any year, and find all the proper forms and instructions on the Forms and Publications page of the IRS website. You can also call 800-TAX-FORM (800-829-3676). If at any point you've held a Federal Housing Authority (FHA) insured mortgage, you may be eligible for a refund from the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). To find out if you're owed a refund, you can contact the department at (800) 697-6967, or email at sf_premiums@hud.gov. It's also possible to search for your case number and name on their website directly. A common Internet-era scam is to pretend to be some kind of government agency issuing refunds or unclaimed returns, in exchange for a particular "tax" or other fee. If you're ever asked to pay feeds up front to earn your "winnings" for any type of unclaimed return, this is a scam. Federal employees and...

Summary in Portuguese:

Muitas vezes, temos dinheiro para receber do governo, mas ele não se esforça muito para nos avisar disso. Se foi despedido, ou a empresa na qual trabalhava fechou as portas, é preciso verificar se tem direito a alguma indenização. Peça a restituição dos impostos. Veja se tem direito ao Abono Salarial. Muito cuidado com fraudes!


Article in English: Sometimes, your brain will jump to what it thinks is a logical conclusion, often a bad one. However, much of the time, that conclusion isn't correct. This type of thinking can lead to your brain working overtime, so learning how to notice it and change that thinking can help calm your mind.  For instance, you may notice that you automatically think someone is snubbing you because she didn't invite you to lunch. Your mind jumped to that conclusion. However, it may be that she just didn't realize you were in your office.  When you make a snap judgment, ask yourself if there could be another explanation. Your brain may latch on to the one negative part of an interaction or situation. In reality, it may be just a small part of the interaction that no one else pays attention to, but you hyper-focus on it, coloring everything negative. If you do this type of thinking all the time, your brain will be overactive, so trying to turn this filter off can help calm your mind.  For instance, maybe you've made a meal for your family. Everyone seems to love it, except one of your kids, who makes a snide remark. Instead of focusing on the fact that everyone else loves it, you hyper-focus on the negative remark, wondering what you could have done better. Instead of looking for negativity, try to focus on the positive, especially if it far outweighs the negativity. You may also find yourself overgeneralizing from one incident. In other words, you had something bad happen once in a certain situation, so you decide to never put yourself or someone else in that situation again. If you overgeneralize everything, you're constantly thinking about what bad thing is going to happen next; to calm your mind, you need to learn to turn off this kind of thinking.  For instance, say your kid cuts himself on a knife while helping you in the kitchen. You may decide that the best thing is to never let him help again to keep him safe, when really, he likely will learn from the experience and be more careful in the future. Maybe a more logical...

Summary in Portuguese:

Fique atento ao salto para conclusões. Preste atenção ao seu filtro mental. Cuidado com a generalização. Preste atenção ao pensamento de tudo ou nada. Lembre-se de não catastrofizar. Entenda que essas não são as únicas distorções cognitivas existentes.


Article in English: Somewhere nobody will interrupt you. Probably somewhere away from your desk, phone, or computer. That way you can rest in peace. You only have a short amount of time for a power nap so you want to make the best of it. If you have a secretary, you may ask them to hold all calls and stop anyone from coming in. Be careful that your quiet place is not too secluded or remote. Make sure someone knows where you are at in case they need you. Some naps last 15 minutes while others last several hours. Decide how long you want to sleep and limit yourself to that. If you have a limited amount of time for your nap, adjust to ensure you have some time to wake up before your next task. You may want to vary your nap times based on your own sleep cycle rhythms. Some naps may also be better for achieving different results. A 20 minute nap is good for improving your motor skills while a 60-90 minute nap improves decision making. When you are napping you may or may not have your usual alarm clock. If you are using your usual alarm clock, set it as you usually do. You may use a wake-up call at a hotel or the alarm on your phone. Travel alarms work well in these situations. If you are at your desk you may try setting up an alarm on your computer. Even if your usual alarm clock is available you may want to use a different alarm clock instead. If you alter your regular alarm clock you may forget to reset it later. This could cause you to be late in the morning. Anything will do here. Hotel wake-up calls. Friends, family, colleagues, and co-workers will often help too. Setting multiple alarms on multiple devices can be helpful too. That way you don't give in and sleep for too long in the middle of the day. Although you may want to turn the alarm off and fall back to sleep, don't. Stand up instead. Get moving to get your mind going. You may even want to set your alarm across the room so you have to get up to turn it off. Turn some lights on or stare out a window if it is sunny.

Summary in Portuguese:

Encontre um lugar tranquilo. Decida quanto tempo a soneca durará. Ligue o despertador. Tenha um “plano B” para acordar. Logo que acordar, levante-se.


Article in English: Sore muscles are often the result of excessive lactic acid buildup in the muscle tissue. When you use a warm compress on a sore muscle, the heat draws more blood to that area. The increased circulation flushes away excessive lactic acid, making your muscles feel less sore. It also brings more oxygen to the area, speeding up the healing process for damaged tissue. The warm sensation can distract the nervous system, decreasing the amount of pain signals sent to the brain. If you experience prolonged muscle spasms, your first step is to rest the affected muscle. Take it easy, and avoid the activity that stressed your muscle to the point of spasm in the first place. Wait 72 hours to apply heat, letting any inflammation in the area diminish. After the three days have passed, apply a moist warm compress to the affected area to speed up the healing process. Both methods can be effective in treating joint issues, though some people prefer one over the other. You might try alternating between the two until you figure out which one works better for you.  Cold ice packs numb the soreness you feel and reduce inflammation and swelling in your joints by constricting your blood vessels. Though extreme cold can uncomfortable at first, it’s very useful for numbing acute pain. Warm compresses dilate the blood vessels, increasing blood flow that speeds up the healing process. The heat also loosens the tissues and ligaments in the stiff area, increasing their range of movement.  You can also apply heat by soaking the affected area in warm water. This might mean swimming in a heated pool or simply soaking in a warm bath. Pregnancy, diabetes, poor circulation, and heart disease (like high blood pressure) can respond poorly to heat therapy. Talk to your doctor before using a warm compress to ease muscle or joint pain. You should always keep a layer of cloth between the heat source and your skin to prevent burns. Heat is best used to treat chronic issues, like ongoing muscle soreness, spasming, or chronic joint pain. Cold, on the...

Summary in Portuguese:

Aplique calor no músculo dolorido. Use calor úmido para tratar espasmos musculares. Trate rigidez nas articulações e artrite com calor ou frio. Evite a terapia de calor se tiver algumas condições. Não use calor em lesões agudas.


Article in English: Sorrel leaves taste best while they are still young. The flavor becomes bitter as they age. Pick off the young leaves before they grow too large. Not only will the young leaves taste delicious, but removing them helps the plant grow more vigorously. After you pick off a leaf, a new one will grow in its place. You can harvest sorrel all season long in this way. Don't forget to remove the flower spikes before they mature, since the plant will stop growing new leaves if the flower spikes are allowed to remain. Like other leafy vegetables, sorrel is best eaten soon after picking. It will keep in the refrigerator for about a week if you can't eat it right away. Sorrel may also be dried or frozen, but processing it causes it to lose much of its flavor. Prepare sorrel in the following ways:  Toss it in a salad Sauté it in a little butter Add it to leek and potato soup Add it to a quiche Put it on sandwiches

Summary in Portuguese:

Colha as folhas quando elas tiverem 10 ou 12 cm de altura. Faça a colheita enquanto as folhas ainda estão crescendo. Coma a azedinha enquanto ela ainda está fresca.


Article in English: Sounds obvious, right? It's good to remember that if you love your partner, you need to say so every now and then. It's very important that a burgeoning long-term relationship be built on love and trust, and you need to let both your actions and your words communicate that. Say those 3 words and say them often. Try speaking to your partner in their love language. This is the way your partner expresses and understands the emotions of love. While it might seem easy, it's important for couples in long term relationships to make that relationship a priority, taking time out of your schedule with friends and family to do things with your partner. The longer your relationship gets, the more difficult this can become. Make the effort.  You don't have to do expensive or things or go on exotic dates to keep your relationship fresh. Going out to dinner and movies is nice, but it's also great to go hiking together, or give each other massages, or spend a night gaming together. Time spent being active together is good. While it might seem unromantic, it can sometimes be necessary to schedule time to do things with your partner in a long term relationship to remain intimate with one another, and keep your emotional connection alive. Schedule weekly date nights, or monthly weekends away. Savage Love columnist and author Dan Savage coined the term "GGG" to refer to a quality in partners common to good long-term relationships: the trait of being "good, giving, and game."  Being good means acting in a way that has your partner's best interest at heart. You have to be good to your partner at all times. Being giving means going the extra mile to make your partner happy. Give a part of yourself to your partner, sharing your interests and your life with them. Be selfless when you're with your partner. Being game means being up for things you might normally not be excited about. It's easy to be a stick in the mud about things you're inexperienced or uninterested in, but if it would make your partner happy, try to be up for it....

Summary in Portuguese:

Diga que ama sua parceira. Façam coisas juntos. Seja uma boa pessoa e esteja disposto a tudo. Torne o relacionamento espontâneo. Dedique um tempo para suas atividades individuais.


Article in English: Sources of heme iron (aka organic iron) are generally the easiest for your body to absorb. About 20% of heme iron is absorbed during digestion, and that absorption level is not affected by any other dietary elements. Heme iron sources can also help your body absorb more iron from non-heme foods. Red meat tends to have the highest absorbable iron levels, but other forms of meat and seafood are also highly absorbable. To increase your hemoglobin levels, try consuming the following foods:  Beef Chicken Pork Lamb Tuna Halibut Shrimp Oysters Non-heme (or inorganic) iron is typically found in plants and plant-based foods. These iron sources are absorbed at much lower rates than heme iron sources. Generally speaking, you will only absorb 2% or less of the iron in non-heme foods; however, with proper planning (by pairing non-heme foods with other iron sources), inorganic/non-heme foods can and should be a part of any balanced diet. Common sources of non-heme iron include:  Beans Nuts Potatoes Avocados Apricots Raisins Dates Spinach Asparagus Green beans Whole wheat bread/cereal/pasta Any bread that has been fortified with additional iron Non-heme foods may have lower absorption rates than heme foods, but there are a number of things you can do to increase the amount of iron absorbed from non-heme foods. Non-heme foods are still an important part of a well-balanced diet, and with some very minor modifications, you can significantly increase the amount of iron you get from them.  Combine heme and non-heme foods to increase the absorption of iron. Heme foods help your body extract and absorb more iron from non-heme foods when paired together. Cook non-heme foods in an iron pot/pan/skillet. The food will absorb some additional organic iron from the cookware, which will help increase your absorption of the non-heme food's iron. Pair non-heme foods with vitamin C. Eat oranges, grapefruits, strawberries, tomatoes, and broccoli with your regular non-heme food items. In addition to vitamin C, you can pair any acidic food...

Summary in Portuguese:

Consuma mais alimentos com ferro heme (orgânico). Adicione mais alimentos ricos em ferro não heme à sua dieta. Aumente a absorção de ferro dos alimentos com ferro não heme. Evite alimentos/bebidas que reduzam a capacidade de absorção do ferro inorgânico.


Article in English: Soy products may help balance hormone levels during menopause. If you're experiencing things like mood swings, try upping your soy intake.  Try to swap meat for tofu a few times a week. Swap your regular milk with soy milk for things like coffee and cereal. Try breads and baked goods made with soy flour. Zinc and iron can help boost immune health during menopause. This can prevent you from easily becoming sick. Try to eat foods rich in zinc and iron during menopause.  Many meats include zinc, such as shellfish, corned beef, and liver. Non-meat options include pumpkin seeds, nuts, whole grains, and seeds. For iron, go for things like beef, pork, lamb, and seafood. You can also get iron from leafy green vegetables like spinach, mustard greens, kale, parsley, and cabbage. hoose mood-boosting foods. Mood swings can be an issue during menopause. Luckily, there are plenty of foods that can boost mood. The amino acid tryptophan can help elevate mood.  Cottage cheese has plenty of tryptophan and is fairly healthy. Try having cottage cheese and fruit for breakfast if you're feeling low. It's also found in oats, so try starting the day with a bowl of oatmeal. Tryptophan is found in turkey, so try having a turkey sandwich for lunch if you're feeling low. In addition to eating foods rich in tryptophan, make sure not to skip breakfast or miss meals. This can have an effect on your health, metabolism, and mood. Bones may become weaker during menopause. Upping your calcium intake can help counteract this. Make sure to get calcium from plenty of healthy sources to improve your health during menopause.  Go for milk and other dairy products, such as yogurt, which also contain protein. Choose low-fat or fat-free dairy, such as skim milk. This will allow you to get plenty of calcium without adding too much extra fat to your diet.

Summary in Portuguese:

Consuma alimentos feitos de soja para ajudar nas questões hormonais. Consuma ferro e zinco para melhorar o seu sistema imunológico. Opte por alimentos que melhorem o seu humor. Consuma bastante cálcio para melhorar a saúde dos ossos.


Article in English: Soybeans start to mature in September, and are ready for harvest when the pods are green and the seeds become plump and fully grown. Be sure to harvest the beans before the pods turn yellow. To harvest, simply pick the entire pod off the plant. When the seeds are ready, the pods will be between two and three inches (five to eight cm) long. Fill a large pot with water and bring it to a boil over high heat. Fill another large pot halfway with water and fill the rest with ice. When the water comes to a boil, put the full pods into the water and boil them for five minutes. Then, remove them from the hot water with a slotted spoon and plunge them into the ice bath for five minutes.  Once the pods have cooled, remove them from the cold water and place them on a clean towel. It’s important to blanch and shock the beans because you cannot properly digest raw soybeans.  Blanching also makes it much easier to remove the beans from the pods. Take a cooled pod in your hands and gently pinch both ends. As you squeeze, the seams of the pod will open and the beans will pop out. Place the beans in a bowl and repeat until you’ve removed all the beans.  Be careful when you're squeezing the pod, because the beans will shoot out!  Compost the hulls. Soybean hulls contain a lot of nutrients, and you can reclaim them by composting the hulls and putting the nutrients back into the soil. Once the soybeans have cooled, you can eat them immediately, use them in your favorite recipes, or store them for later use. The soybeans will keep in the fridge for about a week, or for storage up to a year, you can process them through:  Freezing Canning Drying

Summary in Portuguese:

Colha a vagem. Branqueie as vagens através de um choque térmico. Remova a soja das vagens. Use ou armazene a soja.


Article in English: Spain's major tourist season lasts from April to October, so try to book your trip between November and March for the best hotel deals. Visiting during this time also means you won't be surrounded by throngs of tourists, which can make the trip much more relaxing. Some cities don't follow the high season rule. For example, hotels in Seville often drop their prices by 40% during the hottest months like July and August. These smaller, B&B-style inns are known as pensiones or hostales. You can find lodging at a 10-room pension for 45-80 euros per night. Book your travel dates online to compare the ratings and prices between different locations.  At smaller inns, you may have to share a bathroom with other guests. Avoid pensiones located on the city's main plaza or strip, since these tend to be expensive and noisy. Instead, look for rooms located on side streets or further into the barrio. Practically every Spanish highland region has a selection of mountain cabins for travelers to rent. The cabins are very rustic and only include basic amenities, but they're extremely cheap, making them a really budget-friendly option. You can reserve a cabin through the website of the Spanish Federation of Mountaineering.  To book a cabin, click the “Refugios” link on the home page of http://www.fedme.es. Visitors who aren't members of the Federation will pay 15 euros, while members pay half-price. You can also purchase some affordable meal options, such as breakfast for 5 euros and dinner for 15 euros. Use websites like Craigslist, Airbnb, Homestay, or a local apartment rental agency to find private rooms. You can often rent by either the day or week, and depending on what kind of room you choose, you could pay as little as 15 euros per night. For the safest options, look for homes in the center of the city, or even in a student or international flat. You can either choose a private room, which will generally start at 40 euros for a double bed, or go for an cheaper dormitory-style room, which is usually around 30-40 euros....

Summary in Portuguese:

Reserve um quarto de hotel entre novembro e março e economize até 40%. Procure pequenos hotéis locais ou pousadas para obter uma oferta ainda melhor. Reserve uma cabana rústica na montanha se quiser uma acomodação mais barata nas serras. Alugue um quarto privado na casa de alguém para obter conforto extra. Fique em um hostel se quiser um quarto barato e conhecer viajantes. Faça couchsurf se quiser realmente economizar.


Article in English: Spanking should be a last resort, after issuing non-physical punishments like timeouts, grounding or denial of privileges. Before you announce the spanking, be 100% positive that you want to spank your child.   Spanking is illegal in many developed countries. Even if it's legal in your country, your city or region may have banned it. Recognize that some people consider spanking to be abusive, especially if you hit hard. Never hit hard, use a tool, or leave bruises on a child. Child protective services may be called if people are concerned about you hitting your child. Read up on alternatives to spanking. Many long-term studies have shown that spanking worsens behavior instead of improving it. After a spanking, children often feel rejected, resentful, and unloved. Instead of learning not to misbehave, they learn not to get caught. Children who are spanked, or subjected to other forms of corporal punishment, are more likely to...  Have less gray matter in the brain Develop learning disabilities Develop mental health problems like anxiety and depression Abuse drugs or alcohol Distrust other people Abuse spouses Engage in criminal behavior as they age Die young Spanking in front of others, especially friends or siblings, can be intensely embarrassing for your child. This can generate feelings of resentment that are counter-productive to your child learning better behavior. Especially if you spank on your child's bare bottom, privacy is important. Spanking is already harsh. You don't want to worsen it by humiliating your child in front of people. The child may get upset, becoming angry, resentful, nervous, or even panicked. You should be understanding of these reactions, even if you’re firm about the consequence.   Crying is very natural before, during and after the spanking, and should never be punished. Try giving one last warning, like "If you do not let go of her hair by the time I count to zero, then you will get a spanking." This may startle a child into behaving.

Summary in Portuguese:

Você já esgotou todas as outras opções? Saiba o que dizem as pesquisas sobre as consequências das palmadas. Escolha um local reservado para castigar seu filho. Avise à criança que a palmada será uma consequência do comportamento dela.


Article in English: Speak with a representative from your school board in order to gain access to standardized letters for parental permission as well as the standard trip planning package. If your school board has a trip planning package you will need to fill out all of the forms included in the planning package in order to get permission from the superintendent. This will vary between school boards. Talk with the principal or a senior colleague to determine the exact requirements associated with taking a class on a field trip. Each parent will also need to fill out a permission form in order for their child to attend the class trip. Permission forms should be sent out well in advance of the trip date in order to give families time to read over the forms, pay any costs associated, and arrange their schedules accordingly. Things to include on a permission form are:  Date and location of field trip as well as all transportation arrangements. Educational purpose of the field trip. Cost associated with the trip and date the money needs to be submitted. Information about meal arrangements. Trip schedule or list of activities for the day. Place for parental signature and contact information. If you are not travelling with an insurance company, you should ask parents to fill out a separate medical form which includes information regarding student health, medical insurance, and parental permission for medical treatment if required. Speak to your supervisor to determine what is required.Your school board may provide a standard form for medical releases or you can conduct an internet search for “medical release forms.”

Summary in Portuguese:

Peça permissão para a diretoria. Consiga a permissão dos pais. Peça que os pais preencham formulários de dados médicos.


Article in English: Speeches are like oral essays. They tend to follow a similar format for the most part. If you're writing your speech yourself, you should try breaking it up into sections in order to better organize your points. Even if you haven't written the speech, it's a good idea to know what structural role each part represents. Generally speaking, virtually all speeches will have three parts:  An introduction. This is where you will introduce either yourself or the topic that needs to be discussed. The main body and supporting points. This is where the details of your argument or discussion are fleshed out. This is by far the biggest part of a speech, and is analogous to all of the paragraphs in an essay between the first and last. Closing statements and summary. At the end, the audience will be looking for some closure to signal the speech's end. Take this as an opportunity to note the widespread implications of the topic, as well as a to-the-point recap of the ideas you explored in the main body. No matter how complex the subject you're talking about is, there should be a line or two from your speech that will be instantly memorable for anyone who is hearing it. This could be the thesis, or central point of what you're trying to say. A take-home message should preferably take the form of an applied request.  Telling your audience to do or reflect upon something on their own time will hopefully keep your audience attentive on your subject long after the presentation itself has ended. Any messages of particular importance should be spoken more boldly, more slowly, or repeated. While great speakers will keep their speaking pace relaxed and take cares not to speed up, you should respect the time of your audience. There is no need to have a half-hour speech where all of the same points could be covered in 20 minutes. It's much easier to revise the speech itself than to try to speed through sections of your speech.  If you think your speech could be shorter, give it a run through and decide for yourself which lines could...

Summary in Portuguese:

Dê começo, meio e fim ao seu discurso. Passe uma mensagem importante com o discurso. Fique de olho no tempo que você tem. Ensaie o discurso. Agradeça à plateia após terminar o discurso.