Define credit and its broad impacts on life. Describe how interest works. Explain how credit scores are calculated. Stress the importance of using a credit card responsibly.

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Explain that credit is when a lender gives you money and expects you to pay it back by a due date or with interest, which is an added percentage. Tell them that if they don’t repay a line of credit, they’ll have a harder time getting leases, mortgages, cars, jobs, and other life essentials. Explain that they won’t have to pay interest if they pay off a credit card balance by its due date. Mention that the better credit you have, the lower your interest rate will be on credit cards, mortgages, and car loans. Explain that interest on a loan can capitalize if it’s not paid, which is when it becomes part of the principle, or original loan amount. Compare a credit balance with library books to help them understand. If they return the book they borrowed, they won’t have to pay extra. If they keep the book past its due date, they’ll have to pay extra, or interest. Tell your student that it takes time to earn a good credit score. Explain that the score is based on payment history, amounts owed, length of credit history, new credit and recently opened accounts, and types of credit in use. Stress that a low number will negatively impact their ability to get loans, leases, jobs, and other necessities. Let them know that having a credit card is an important part of building credit, but they must use it responsibly. Tell them they can’t use the card to make a purchase they can’t afford. Remind them of the library book analogy to stress the importance of paying of a balance by the due date. Mention that if they don’t pay off a balance and credit card debt piles up, their credit score will take a major hit.


Define moderation for you. Stick to appropriate portion sizes. Add in sweets that have nutritional benefits. Avoid "diet" sweet treats. Make nutritious versions of your favorite sweets at home. Track your weight gain weekly.

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If you want to incorporate some sweets into your diet while you're pregnant, it's important to make sure you're only eating them in moderation.  If you eat them too often you may gain unnecessary weight.  Determine what "moderation" means to you.  Is it one sweet a week?  Is it two sweets a week? It's a good idea to give yourself a definitive and specific rule to follow so that you don't end up eating too many sweets.  The more specific you are the more likely you are to follow your definition of moderation and not go overboard. Make sure your definition of moderation fits in with your overall guidance and dietary advice provided by your OB/GYN.  You want to be able to enjoy sweets, but not have them effect your health, your baby's health or your weight. When you're incorporating more foods that may be higher in calories or sugar, it's important to stick to appropriate portion sizes.  This is what will help keep the overall calories in check.  Always read the food label on sweets that come in a package, box or tub.  This will give you the serving size, calories, fat, sugar and other nutrient information.  Use this information to make sure the treat you plan on eating fits into your overall meal plan. If you're purchasing a "single-serving" treat, ensure the nutrition panel reads "one serving".  Sometimes a small bag may seem like one serving, but may be 2 servings instead. If you're unsure of the serving size (for example, if someone brings in cupcakes to work), aim to eat about 1/2 cup or about 4 oz.  This is about 1/2 of the size of your fist. Another trick is to split desserts and treats with your friends, family or husband.  This is an easy way to enjoy desserts that are portion controlled. When you're pregnant, you need to be vigilant with your overall nutrition to make sure you're consuming adequate amounts of every nutrient to support your pregnancy.  Use your sweet treats to your advantage and choose a treat that also has nutritional benefits.  Dark chocolate.  This tasty sweet is full of wonderful...


Define roof slope. Understand roof pitch. Find the pitch.

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Most people interested in roof "pitch" are actually measuring the slope, which is the most useful measurement when considering roofing material and rainwater. Slope is the correct term for the ratio of vertical to horizontal distance on a particular plane of the roof. Even carpenters often use the terms slope and pitch interchangeably. For example, if one side of the roof rises by 8 inches for every 12 inches of horizontal distance, it has a slope of "8 in 12" or "8:12." Technically, roof pitch is the ratio of total vertical roof height (the rise) to total horizontal distance from wall to wall (the span). Although most homeowners do not need to measure pitch, it still pays to understand this term. When you're arranging for repairs or roofing material, your calculations will be way off if you misinterpret "pitch" to mean "slope."  Again, some carpenters and manufacturers use both terms to mean "slope." Just ask if there's any confusion about which measurement they're referring to. For example, if a roof is 32 feet from wall to wall and the ridge is 8 feet above the walls, the pitch has an 8 to 32 pitch, simplifying to "1 to 4" or "1/4". If you do need to calculate the pitch, an estimate or shortcut is usually more practical than measuring the roof's overall dimensions. Here are a couple examples:  For a simple gable roof, the span (wall to wall) will be twice the size of the run (wall to ridge, horizontally). Divide the slope by two to get the pitch. For a roof with the ridge above one wall, the span is the same as the run. The slope is the same as the pitch. For more complex roofs, you may need to calculate it section by section. Carpenters use special conversion charts to estimate the roofing material required based on the slope and shape.


Define the equation for mass percent of a compound. Calculate the total mass of the compound. Identify the mass of the chemical-in-question. Plug the variables into the mass percent equation. Calculate the mass percent.

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The basic formula for mass percent of a compound is: mass percent = (mass of chemical/total mass of compound) x 100. You must multiply by 100 at the end to express the value as a percentage.  Write the equation at the beginning of every problem: mass percent = (mass of chemical/total mass of compound) x 100. Both of the values should be in grams so that they cancel each other out once you solve the equation. The mass of the chemical you’re interested in is the mass given in the problem. If the mass isn’t given, refer to the following section about solving for mass percent when the mass is not given. The total mass of the compound is calculated by summing the masses of all of the chemicals used to make the compound or solution. When you know the masses of all the elements or compounds being added together, you simply need to add them together to calculate the total mass of the final compound or solution. This will be the denominator in the mass percent calculation.  Example 1: What is the percent mass of 5g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 100g of water? The total mass of the compound is the amount of sodium hydroxide plus the amount of water: 100g + 5g for a total mass of 105g.  Example 2: What masses of sodium chloride and water are needed to make 175 g of a 15% solution? In this example, you are given the total mass and the percentage you want, but are asked to find the amount of solute to add to the solution. The total mass is 175 g. When asked to find the "mass percent", you are being asked to find the mass of a particular chemical (the chemical-in-question) as a percentage of the total mass of all elements. Write down the mass of chemical-in-question. This mass will be the numerator in the mass percent calculation.  Example 1: The mass of the chemical-in-question is 5g of sodium hydroxide. Example 2: For this example, the mass of the chemical-in-question is the unknown you are trying to calculate. Once you have determined the values for each variable, plug them into the equation.  Example 1: mass percent...


Define the equation for mass percent of a compound. Write out the chemical formula. Find the mass of each element in the compound. Multiply the masses by the mole ratio. Calculate the total mass of the compound. Identify the mass of the element-in-question. Plug the variables into the mass percent equation. Calculate the mass percent.

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The basic formula for mass percent of a compound is: mass percent = (molar mass of element/total molecular mass of compound) x 100. The molar mass of a compound is the amount of mass for one mole of an element while the molecular mass is the amount of mass for one mole of the entire compound. You must multiply by 100 at the end to express the value as a percentage.  Write out the equation at the beginning of every problem: mass percent = (molar mass of element/total molecular mass of compound) x 100. Both values have units of grams per mole (g/mol). This means the units will cancel each other out when you solve the equation. When you aren’t given masses, you can find the mass percent of an element within a compound using molar mass. Example 1: Find the mass percent of Hydrogen in a water molecule.  Example 2: Find the mass percent of carbon in a glucose molecule. If you are not given the chemical formulas for each compound, you will need to write them out. If you are given the chemical formulas you may skip this step, and proceed to the "Find the mass of each element" step.  Example 1: Write out the chemical formula for water, H2O. Example 2: Write out the chemical formula for glucose, C6H12O6. Look up the molecular weight of each element in your chemical formulas on the periodic table. The mass of an element can usually be found underneath the chemical symbol. Write down the masses of every element in the compound.  Example 1: Look up the molecular weight of Oxygen, 15.9994; and the molecular weight of Hydrogen, 1.0079.  Example 2: Look up the molecular weight of Carbon, 12.0107; Oxygen, 15.9994; and Hydrogen, 1.0079. Identify how many moles (mole ratio) of each element are in your chemical compounds. The mole ratio is given by the subscript number in the compound. Multiply the molecular mass of each element by this mole ratio.  Example 1: Hydrogen has a subscript of two while oxygen has a subscript of 1. Therefore, multiply the molecular mass of Hydrogen by 2, 1.00794 X 2 = 2.01588; and leave the molecular...


Define the equation for the force of gravity that attracts an object, Fgrav = (Gm1m2)/d2. Use the proper metric units. Determine the mass of the object in question. Measure the distance between the two objects. Solve the equation.

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In order to properly calculate the gravitational force on an object, this equation takes into account the masses of both objects and how far apart the objects are from each other. The variables are defined below.   Fgrav is the force due to gravity  G is the universal gravitation constant 6.673 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2   m1 is the mass of the first object  m2 is the mass of the second object  d is the distance between the centers of two objects Sometimes you will see the letter r instead of the letter d. Both symbols represent the distance between the two objects. For this particular equation, you must use metric units. The masses of objects need to be in kilograms (kg) and the distance needs to be in meters (m). You must convert to these units before continuing with the calculation. For smaller objects, you can weigh them on a scale or balance to determine their weight in grams. For larger objects, you will have to look-up the approximate mass in a table or online. In physics problems, the mass of the object will generally be provided to you. If you are trying to calculate the force of gravity between an object and the earth, you need to determine how far away the object is from the center of the earth.  The distance from the surface of the earth to the center is approximately 6.38 x 106 m.  You can find tables and other resources online that will provide you with approximate distances of the center of the earth to objects at various elevations on the surface. Once you have defined the variables of your equation, you can plug them in and solve. Be sure that all of your units are in metric and on the right scale. Mass should be in kilograms and distance in meters. Solve the equation using the proper order of operations.  For example: Determine the force of gravity on a 68 kg person on the surface of the earth. The mass of the earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg.  Make sure all your variables have the proper units. m1 = 5.98 x 1024 kg, m2 = 68 kg, G = 6.673 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2, and d = 6.38 x 106 m Write your equation: Fgrav =...


Define the equation to solve for surface tension. Construct a small balance beam. Fold a piece of aluminum foil to form a box or dish. Hang a needle or paper clip horizontally from the other end of the beam with thread. Place a piece of material such as clay or play-doh on the beam to counterbalance the aluminum container. Place the needle or paper clip hanging from the beam into a container of water. Weigh a batch of pins or several measured drops of water on a small postal scale. Add the pins or drops of water one at a time to your aluminum foil container until the needle is freed from the water's surface. Convert the measurement of pins into force by multiplying the number of grams by 0.00981 N/g. Plug the variables into the equation and solve.

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In this experiment, the equation for surface tension will be determined by the equation F = 2sd. F is the force in newtons (N), s is the surface tension in (N/m), and d is the length of the needle used in the experiment. Rearranging the equation to solve for surface tension yields s = F/2d.  The force will be calculated at the end of the experiment. Measure the length of the needle in meters using a ruler before starting the experiment. In this experiment, you will use a balance beam and a small needle floating on the surface of water to measure surface tension. The balance beam needs to be well constructed so that you can get an accurate result. You can use many different types of materials for this, just make sure the center beam is something sturdy like wood, plastic, or dense cardboard.  Mark the center of the material to be used for your beam (straw, plastic ruler) and drill or poke a hole through it; this will be the fulcrum point (the point that allows the beam to rotate freely). If you are using a plastic straw you can just poke a pin or nail right through it. Drill or poke a hole at each end of the beam ensuring that they are the same distance from the middle. Thread a string through each hole to serve as holders for the balance dishes. Make sure that there is 1 string for each hole at either end. Rest the nail horizontally between two stacks of books so that the center beam can rotate freely. The dish does not have to be exactly square or round. The dish will be filled with water or another weight, so make sure it is sturdy enough to support this. Hang the box or dish from one end of the beam. Poke small holes in the sides of the dish and thread the string through to hold up the dish. On the opposite side of the beam, tie a paper clip or needle to the end of the string so that it lays flat. For the experiment to work, it is important that the paper clip or needle is horizontal. Before beginning the experiment, you want to make sure that the beam is lying flat. The dish will be heavier than the...


Define the goal of your newsletter. Determine what type of content you want to produce. Identify your target audience. Decide how often your newsletter will run.

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Before you get to work printing and stapling, you should start by having a clear idea in mind of the purpose of your newsletter. In other words, what are you trying to inform or persuade people of? Pinning down why you want to start a newsletter in the first place will allow you to proceed with a definite aim.  Newsletters can be used to share news updates, market products or services, current events, explain religious beliefs or scientific principles, comment on pressing issues or simply entertain. You’re only limited by what you can envision. It may be useful to outline a literal mission statement for your newsletter and yourself as chief editor. A tagline like “to spread the love of stoneware ceramics” or “helping victims of abuse achieve inner peace” will provide a reference point for all that follows. Despite what their name suggests, not all newsletters are used to convey news. Think about what you plan to fill the pages of your newsletter with. In addition to updates and announcements, your publication might also contain special interest pieces, like self-help editorials or reporting on local politics. Since you’re the creator, the topics and scope of your newsletter are entirely up to you.  In addition to traditional writing, newsletters can make use of many different forms of media (interviews, photos, video clips, sound bites, etc.), especially when they’re distributed electronically. Your newsletter could be an overview of the local music scene and contain reviews of new record releases and live performances, or it might be filled with recipes and DIY craft projects for hobbyists. Bear in mind who your key readership is likely to be. If you’re launching a fine arts digest, for instance, it will most likely attract the attention of artists and art aficionados who live in your town. Your job is to offer this audience information and perspective on a subject of mutual interest. You’ll want to make sure the tone, writing and presentation of your newsletter matches the sensibilities of the people who...


Define the payment terms. Assign each of the parties’ obligations and responsibilities. Clarify who pays insurance. Describe how and when the property will be transferred to the buyer. Check for additional terms required by your state.

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Be sure to describe the terms fully and in plain English. Your payment terms should cover:  Monthly payments. Include the amount of principle, interest, and the total monthly payment, on what date it is due each month, and where payments should be mailed or otherwise delivered. If there is a final balloon payment due, describe it in this same manner. Interest. State the interest rate and describe how interest is calculated. For example, “Interest shall be calculated at a simple seven and one half percent (7.5%) and shall be compounded annually.”  Late payments. Describe clearly when a monthly payment will be considered late and what late fees shall apply. For example, “Payment is due on the 1st of each month, and shall be considered late if not paid by the close of business on the 15th of said month. A late fee of $25.00 shall apply to all late payments.”  Term of the contract. State when the payments will start and when they will end, as well as how many payments there will be. For example, “Payments shall be due beginning on the 1st of April, 2009 with a final balloon payment due on the 1st of May, 2019, for a contract term of one hundred twenty-one (121) months.” It should be very clear when the contract begins, as the obligations it lays out will not be in effect until that date. During the term of the contract, both the buyer and the seller have an interest in the property. Therefore, each of the party’s obligations toward the property should be described in detail in your agreement. Some common items you may wish to cover include:  Maintenance. The buyer in a contract for a deed is generally responsible for maintenance and repairs to the property. A seller, however, may wish to include language that will allow him or her to come onto the property to make certain repairs if the buyer fails to make them in a timely manner. Property taxes. A seller may bill the buyer each year when taxes come due or she may include property taxes in the monthly payments charged. The contract should describe the method...


Define the problem as you see it. State what you think the issue is. Ask the other person the problem as they see it. Listen attentively. Repeat what was said before answering. Answer all questions openly and honestly.

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To effectively solve an issue, you need to understand what that issue is. It seems obvious, but sometimes people argue and fight without even really knowing what the problem is. Take some time and think about what's troubling you. Use clear, specific, and nonthreatening language. Make sure that in defining the problem, you aren't attacking the other person. Even if the problem was caused by someone else, don't use frustrated or accusatory language. This can anger the other person and hurt your chances of resolving the conflict. When you've established why you're upset, you have to understand how the other person views the problem.  Encourage the other person to be open and honest with you. Let him know you want to solve the issue and he should feel comfortable letting you know exactly what's bothering him. When you ask the other person to explain his point of view, don't do so in an angry or challenging way. You want to make sure everyone is comfortable expressing their opinions. You may find that the other person interprets the problem very differently. Don't interrupt or put words in his mouth. Allow him to state the issue in his own way before answering. In defining what the problem is, the other person may state some problems or mistakes associated with you. Don't get insulted or defensive- remember, the only way to effectively solve problems is putting everything on the table. Again, this seems obvious, but many people hear and interpret someone's answers differently from the original intention. Make sure you're on the same page as them. Start with statements like "So what you're saying is..." This helps ensure that you've understood the problem. It also shows the other person that you're listening carefully. The other person may have questions for you as well. Respect that he is also trying to find a solution to the problem. Don't get frustrated, but instead answer as completely as you would expect your own questions to be answered.


Define the problem clearly. Define your objective. Gather information systematically.

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This is an outwardly simple but vital step. If you don’t properly understand the problem, your solutions may be ineffective or fail entirely. To define the problem you will have to ask questions and look at different angles. For example, is there one problem or actually several? Can you restate the problem in your own words? By spending time with the problem you will better understand it and be equipped to generate solutions. Try to formulate questions. Say that as a student you have very little money and want to find an effective solution. What is at issue? Is it one of income – are you not making enough money? Is it one of over-spending? Or perhaps you have run into unexpected expenses or your financial situation has changed? State your aim as another means to reach the nature of the problem. What is it that you want to achieve? What is it that you want to discover? Keep in mind that you will have to account for the problem’s knowns and unknowns and figure out where to find data that will help you reach your goal. Say that your problem is still money. What is your goal? Perhaps you never have enough to go out on the weekend and have fun at the movies or a club. You decide that your goal is to have more spending cash. Good! With a clear goal, you have better defined the problem. Along with defining your problem and goal, you should gather as many facts as you can about the problem in order to get a clear picture of it. Collect data, ask people or experts connected to the problem, look for resources online, in print, or elsewhere. Once you have data, organize it. Try to do this by rewording, condensing, or summarize it. Perhaps you could even map it out in a chart. You may not need to bother with this step for simple problems, but it will be essential for those of a more complex nature. To solve your money shortage, for example, you would want to get as detailed a picture of your financial situation as possible. Collect data through your latest bank statements and to talk to a bank teller. Track your earnings...


Define the purpose of the road trip. Decide where you're going. Know how long you'll be gone. Gauge various routes. Communicate with your traveling companions.

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Perhaps you are trying to visit a friend in another city, or perhaps you want to explore a handful of famous national parks. Perhaps you are fed up with the rigors and routines of workaday life, and you just want to go somewhere else. Keep perspective. If you want to plot out the whole trip in advance, then you'll need to do a bit of booking and organizing to make everything run smoothly. If you just want to hit the road for a few days and see where you wind up, then you don't need to plan much at all. Do you have one destination, or several destinations, or no destination? Look at a map, and mark all of the places that you want to visit. Calculate the distances and travel times between these points. Chart out an "optimal route" that touches upon all of the places that you want to see.  If time is a constraint, you may not be able to see everything that you want. Rank your priorities, and decide whether any destinations take you too far out of the way. Think about the balance of your trip. Do you want to spend most of your time rambling through wild, outdoor spaces, or do you want to see the cities along the way? How much time do you want to spend outside of the car? Try using a road trip planning app or website to chart your course. These services can help you decide how far to drive each day, which roads to take, and how to optimally hit all of your destination points. Some of these sites will even help you book hotels and other accommodations! A road trip might last a day, a week, a month, or even longer. The only limits are the length of the road and the strength of your obligations back home. The longest road trips can be hugely ambitious or lushly open-ended – and they may not even have a set "destination" in mind. Try to fit the road trip into a "free" or unscheduled block of time: a vacation from school, a break from work; any time when you don't have any serious, conflicting commitments.  Consider the basic logistics. Ensure that you have enough money to take this trip. Check that you can get the...


Define the qualities of your dream man. Define your deal breakers. Get ready to compromise -- about some things. Know where to look.

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Though you may never know exactly who the man of your dreams may be until you see him from across the room and feel like you've had the wind knocked out of you, you should definitely have a strong sense of the kind of man you're looking for as you go about your search. The qualities you want shouldn't read like a check-list that has to be completed for you to find the right guy, but you should strongly consider which qualities are a must-have for you to pursue the "perfect" relationship. Here are some things to consider:  The person's relationship style. This is an ever-important and underrated point to consider. If you're the kind of person who needs attention 24/7 (generally not a good idea), then you'll need to find a man with similar needs; if you want to find love but need time to hang out with your own friends and do your own thing, then it's important that you see eye-to-eye with your man on this too. The person's interests. Is it essential that your perfect man loves books, hiking, running, painting, tennis, or volunteering as much as you do? If you feel like your key interests must be shared by your loved one, then look for a guy who shares these interests -- or is at least enthusiastic about learning about them. Personality traits. Though you can't say what makes the "perfect" personality for you, there are a few traits that you can look out for. Do you love to make people laugh and need a guy who shares your quirky sense of humor? Are you the sensitive type and need someone who understands your emotions? Great. If you can't live without these qualities in a man, don't force it. Social stance. Are you the shy type, and need someone who brings you out of your shell? Are you outgoing and looking for someone to rein you in a bit, or do you want someone with a similar social bearing so you're understood? Sometimes opposites attract in this category (you may not want to be with someone who craves attention as much as you do, for example), but you should find your social counterpart, whatever that may be....


Define the up frame. Define the over frame. Define the down frame. Define the hit frame.

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Your button has four distinct states: up frame, over frame, down frame, and hit frame. These states are visible in the timeline. The up frame defines the appearance of your button when it is not in use. To create the up frame appearance, you may use the drawing tool. Instead of drawing your own button, you can import a graphic from the “Common Libraries.” Select Window > Common Libraries > Buttons. Choose a button graphic and drag it onto the stage. The over frame defines the appearance of the button when the user hovers over it. Click on the box directly below “Over” in the timeline. Select Insert > Timeline > Keyframe. The button you created should appear on the stage. You can alter the location and/or appearance of the button with the tool bar or the properties panel. The down frame defines the appearance of the button when the user selects, or clicks, it. Select the box directly below “Down” on the timeline. Select Insert > Timeline > Keyframe. The button you created in the up frame should appear on the stage. You can change the location and/or appearance of the button with the tool bar or the properties panel. The hit frame defines an area on the stage that is responsive to the user's cursor. The hit frame is useful if your button is small or oddly shaped. Select Insert > Timeline > Keyframe. Draw a shape that encompasses all three frames and or a larger area. This shape will not appear in the scene or the final product. Defining the hit frame is optional. If you choose not to define it, the up frame will serve as the default hit frame.


Define what it means to win in life. Do the preparation work necessary for success. Always keep learning, especially in the fields you enjoy. Work on your goals every single day instead of in big chunks. Stop and analyze your goals, making adjustments as needed, regularly. Study the habits of the very best in your field. Look at failures as challenges, not roadblocks. Prioritize wisely. Have a winner's mentality.

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What do you consider a successful life? When you see yourself 3-4 years down the line, what are you doing? If these questions are difficult, ask smaller ones to start: are you living in a city or the country? Do you want to work from home or do you want to help save the world through charity? Maybe you just want the time to pursue your hobbies at leisure. Whatever it is, winners figure out where the finish line is so that they can plan how to get there. Goals worth having aren't always easy. Don't let the difficulty or length of a task in front of you discourage you from going for it. Winners know that success requires work before the actual event or challenge occurs. "Prior preparation prevents poor performance," so sit down for a few hours and sketch out the following questions, as well as your answers:  "What are the most likely things to go wrong?" "How can I prevent problems or issues in advance?" "What tools/materials do I need for success?" "What steps can I take now to ensure success later?" Winners never "know everything." It's actually the opposite, as winners recognize that knowledge is power and you can never gain enough. Read a daily journal article in your field, pick up a new skill, and go to talks and lectures that catch your interest. While you should focus on your field, know that inspiration comes from everywhere. An open mind will take you far no matter what you're doing.  Try to be a sponge, absorbing as much information as you can whenever you can. The more you challenge yourself, the more you'll learn. Taking the difficult or longer route usually pays off in more experience and know-how. This is a lot like the difference between studying a little bit every day and cramming the night before the test. While both may do enough to help you pass, the lessons learned from cramming are quickly forgotten. You gain much more ground if you work on something every single day, building momentum and forging powerful mental pathways that make you more efficient and successful in the future. That...


Define what needs to be measured. Make your project vocabulary consistent. Define how data is to be collected. Standardize precision of calculations.

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That is, define what exactly you mean by improvement. Do you want your process to more reliable, faster, more efficient, or better in some other way? This brings clarity to the project. Be sure that your process produces an output that can be measured in some way. For example, a company wanting to improve delivery speed would measure time. A data digitizing company might measure percentage of character errors in batches, or process output. Be sure to use commonly understood definitions to ensure consistency and accuracy. This guarantees reliability of information that is shared among people from different facilities or locations. Prevent misunderstandings by providing clear definitions of all variables being measured. For example, suppose a company is measuring time in days. Different branches of the same company may define “one day” in different ways. It could mean business days only, any 24 hour period, or the 8-hour work day. These kinds of inconsistencies can be misleading. Data must be collected in a similar fashion across the company. For example, if one department uses random sampling to collect data, so must all of the others. Otherwise it will be impossible to compare their data.  Also, units of measure must be defined. Be sure that units of measure are equal wherever your output is measured. For example, delivery speed could be measured either in minutes or hours, and taking time to convert one to the other would be inefficient. This just means that you shouldn't have one department rounding off time to the hour and another specifying time in hours and hundredths of an hour. Otherwise, different levels of detail in the values will confuse the results. Keep in mind that smaller units tend to give more accurate results. For example, all departments must agree how to round off decimals.


Define what rounding is, and why we use it. Explain that we round to a particular place value. Choose a number to round. Ask students to locate the target place value in the number. Draw a number line. Ask students to determine the halfway point on the number line. Plot the number students are rounding on the number line. Ask students if the number is above or below the halfway point on the number line. Explain that we round up or down. Determine your rounded number.

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Rounding is changing a difficult number to a number close by. We round a number to make it easier to use. For example, if you are trying to figure out about how many total cookies you and your friend ate last year, and you ate 327 cookies while your friend ate 286, you could round both numbers to 300, because 300 + 300 is easier to calculate than 327 + 286. We often round to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand. Review what place value the students are rounding to. For example, you might want student to round to the nearest hundred. Review where the hundreds place is, if necessary. The number should go to at least the same place value students are rounding to. For example, if students are rounding to the nearest hundred, you might choose the number 892. Determine the value, and ask for the rounded number above it. For example, if rounding 892 to the nearest hundred, students should locate the 8, and understand that its value is 800. Ask, “What hundred is above 800? 900 is above 800.” Emphasize that students are rounding to the nearest hundred. The number on the far left of the line should be the value of the digit in the target place value. The value on the far right should be the rounded number above it. Use hash marks to skip count up the number line.  For better accuracy, it is helpful to use preprinted number lines instead of hand-drawn number lines. For example, if rounding 892 to the nearest hundred, the number on the far left of the number line would be 800, and the number on the far right of the number line would be 900. In between, the hash marks would skip count by tens: 810, 820, 830, 840, 850, 860, 870, 880, 890, 900. Mark this point on the line.  You can mark the point with a star or dot, or you can trace over the first half of the number line in one color, and trace the second half of the number line in another color. For example, if using a number line that begins with 800 and ends with 900, the halfway point would be 850, so you would draw a star on the 850 hash mark. Use the additional hash...


Define what you hope to achieve. Assess your current situation. Cut back on expenses. Increase your income. Start a savings account.

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What does financial security mean to you? If it simply means being rich, you may not have a realistic dream. However, if it means paying off your loans, saving for your kid's college fund, or saving for retirement, then you have a realistic end goal that you can work towards.  Having a clear idea of what you want to save up for and why can help keep you motivated and on-track. Once you have a well-defined financial goal, you can talk to a financial planner to help you find ways to invest or save your money. If you want to feel financially secure, you need to first evaluate your current financial situation to determine what (if anything) needs to change. This starts with examining your finances, including your savings and your expenses.  Take note of your income, as well as your savings (if any). Track your daily, weekly, and monthly expenses. Carry a small notebook in your pocket or purse and write down every single expense. That includes things you buy, bills you pay, and the dates/times those expenses were incurred. You should also make a note of how you were feeling when you made any purchases. Examine your spending patterns. Do you tend to buy things for yourself when you're feeling sad or stressed out? Are there any purchases that you made on a whim when you didn't really need that item, or could have found it cheaper somewhere else? Make sure you are not spending more than you earn. This will quickly put you in debt, and it will be hard to recover your finances once you're in the red. Find ways to reduce expenses. You don't need to deprive yourself of every single thing that makes you happy, but you also need to set limits and boundaries for yourself. Don't go on shopping sprees whenever you feel like it, and don't make useless purchases that you don't really need. Some expenses, like rent, utilities, and groceries, are unavoidable. But even with these essential expenses, you can find ways to spend less by shopping smart and avoiding unnecessary expenditures.  Any time you go grocery shopping, bring a...


Define what you want to accomplish. Write down a list of your talking points. Prepare yourself for questions they might ask. Wait until the right time to ask.

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Knowing what your goals are will help you keep your priorities straight during the conversation. Think about what you want from the conversation. Maybe you want your parents to let you get gages, or maybe you think lip piercings are cute. Having a goal will also help you gather talking points as you prepare.  Think about potential compromises, too: what if your parents won't let you get your septum pierced, but they'll say yes to double-pierced ears? Would you be satisfied by that? Ask yourself not just what you want but what you want to be during the conversation. Aim for a positive, kind, and understanding attitude. Without a plan to keep on track, your emotions can easily get the best of you and launch you into an argument. Take some time to write down the three or four most important things you want to say. Look over this list during the conversation to keep on-track. Remember: "I just want it!" is not a compelling point. Most likely, your parents will have questions. Even if they're accepting from the start, they may want to know who's giving you the piercing or what care is involved while the piercing heals. Having all necessary information will show them that you've thought about this and are responsible. Find a time when your parents are happy and comfortable to start the conversation. The week rent is due, for example, your parents will probably be stressed and less open-minded. You and your parents will both be in the best mindset if relaxed. While you can give your parents a letter or text asking for their permission, a conversation will be most convincing. If you can, have the conversation in-person.


Define what your brand is. Decide what you have to offer. Present yourself to the world. Take time to network. Take down anything that doesn't fit your brand. Curate your posts.

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That is, when you're building a brand, you have to decide what you want people to think when they hear your name. You don't have to be fake, but you do need to decide what parts of yourself you will present to the public. In other words, you want some consistency. One example of a YouTuber who created a personal brand is Hannah Hart of My Drunk Kitchen. Her personal brand relies on a pinch of silliness with a side of compassion, as she encourages people to get involved in their communities. When building your brand, you do need to offer something to the world. You know about things, and you can use what you know. In other words, your brand can be about what you are an expert on, whether it's robots, cooking, or painting pretty nails. For instance, certain bloggers rely on their expertise to build their brand, such as Joy the Baker, who began a baking blog to share her love of baking with others. She's gained a number of followers due to her precision in cooking, her imaginative recipes, and her honest writing style. With all the social media platforms out there, it's easy to start sharing content with users. You can write blogs, tweet, make videos, or take photographs. Some people do all of the above. Basically, you want to start showing off what you know about by sharing expert content. If you're serious about creating a brand for yourself, you should consider creating your own website. That way, your fan base will have one landing place to find out all about you. Being famous is a business. That means you need to continually be on top of putting yourself out there. On the internet, networking is done through bonding with other content creators. In other words, you need to comment and share other people's content to help push yourself ahead as well. You can also try techniques such as blog tours, where you ask certain blogs (relevant to what you do) to host you as a guest. The host could interview you, or you could write a guest blog post. Take a critical eye to all of your social media. Whatever content...


Define your corporate goal. Ask veteran employees about their experiences. Remain motivated in your position. Understand the company structure.

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Your ultimate goal may be to hold a top leadership position in a company or to manage a large department. Be specific about your career goals. Write your goals down and keep them in your desk so that you can remind yourself to stay motivated. Ask them to explain to you how they worked their way up the corporate ladder. Their advancement paths and strategies might resonate with you and give you inspiration. However, remember that each person's path to success is unique. Approach your co-worker when they have free time. Tell them that you admire their work, and that you hope to increase your value to the company. Ask them: "How do you recommend pursuing a promotion here?" or "How did you work your way to your current position?". You could even praise them for a specific task that they recently completed, and ask them how they went about accomplishing it. Understanding your role's value to the overall process and to the company will allow you to demonstrate the proper commitment. Maintain a positive attitude; you never know who is paying attention. There may be multiple departments with various levels of management within each. Familiarize yourself with the company structure by studying its organizational chart and learning the important players in management.


Define your current sleep pattern. Keep a sleep diary. Spend time outside.

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Your circadian rhythms are 24 hour cycles that influence your physical and mental behaviors. In addition to controlling your natural sleep cycle, they also influence your body's hormone production, body temperature and feelings of hunger. When you wake up feeling groggy in the morning or when you wake up in the middle of the night, you have most likely disrupted your natural circadian rhythm. The different, interacting circadian rhythms in your body are ultimately all controlled by a "master clock" known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus; is located in the hypothalamus of the brain. Before you abandon your alarm clock, you need to fully understand your current sleep patterns. For at least one week, note the time when you go to sleep and the time when you wake up. Studies have shown that, as the work week progresses, many people will go to sleep at a later hour while still having to wake up at the same time, resulting in a chronic loss of sleep. You should aim to correct this naturally by always going to sleep and waking up at the same time.  Disruptions in circadian rhythms occur when your biological clock does not align with your social clock; sleep specialists have called this phenomenon social jet lag. It can lead to serious health problems such as obesity and inflammatory diseases.  The CDC recommends that adults receive 7-8 hours of sleep each night and teens receive 9-10 hours of sleep. Your circadian rhythms are partly determined by your exposure to light and darkness. If you leave for work very early in the morning before sunrise and don't see the sun again for the rest of the day, this might be disrupting your body's natural tempo for sleep.  If your work schedule forces you to leave for work and return home in the dark, try to take a brief walk outside during the day so you can be exposed to daylight.  If you cannot take a walk during work, try to work near a bright window, or spend your breaks by a window so you can get exposure to daylight.


Define your demographic. Familiarize yourself with fan communities. Pose questions to fans through social media. Look at comments made on videos you like. Check fan message boards and web forums. Document a public event. Consider doing a product review. Collaborate with friends and other YouTubers.

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Knowing your audience is vital for figuring out what your next YouTube video is going to be! Who is your audience? Gamers? Locksmiths? You can easily do an Internet search to investigate these topics for video ideas, or you could:  Conduct an interview. Record your opinions about your genre. Make predictions about fan tastes. Fans are frequently vocal about their wants and opinions. Some fan-fiction has even seen commercial success. Use your knowledge of your fan-base, or the fan-base you would like to have, to better direct your creative energies. A lot of social media is integrated, making reaching out to your fans even easier. Ask people what they'd like to see, or poll the audience to get some opinions about a question that's been on your mind. Fans will often rave about their favorite parts of a video, which you can use to your advantage. Can you implement the same technique? How about making a video addressing comments? Whatever your channel, there's bound to be some forums out there about your topic. Which forums are the most active and what are the topics of conversation? Is there anything your fans are itching to see? Maybe that can be your next video! This can be anything from your local Cherry Festival to the closing of a historic local building. You can splice this footage into your videos, or add an ominous soundtrack to give the story a different spin. Theme parties are a great place for footage and inspiration. Seeing your friends dressed up as interesting characters might inspire a character of your own. Find some craft specialty items that you can review or comment on in your YouTube videos. Maybe you can recreate the item, and make a how-to video about what you learned. You can always send a message to a YouTuber you admire, asking if they would like to collaborate with you on a project. A script idea that's been floating around in your head might turn into a neat video performed by you and your friends.


Define your demographic. Sign up to advertise with a behavioral targeting company. Customize your ad according to the demographic you want to appeal to. Add behavioral targeting tools to your website. Make sure the behavioral targeting company has opt-out options.

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Consider the attributes of your ideal customers and what they would search for on the Internet. Choose gender, subject interests, geographic location, age range and more. These companies use software to gather data about your Internet interests and habits. Google, Facebook, Twitter and other sites have already implemented behavioral targeting programs that gather cookies or content to decide what interests might appeal to you. Every time a person qualifies according to the demographic categories you have chosen, a banner ad, hyperlink or sponsored listing should show up on their window. You can install plugins or services, such as Google Website Optimizer on your website to gather data about website visitors. These behavioral advertising tools can either feed you data to target via email or help to auto-populate targeted ads on your website. Behavioral advertising is increasingly regulated by The European Commission, the US Federal Trade Commission and other governing bodies.


Define your fashion angle. Choose a great name for your blog. Decide on a main theme and layout for the blog. Choose a color theme that your blog will be identified with. Choose heading and font styles wisely. Develop some brief but informative statements and name structures.

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Before anything else, you need to know what aspect or elements of the fashion world you want to blog about. It's a large industry and you don't want to make a pretense of trying to cover the whole thing. Pick a niche that is of interest to you, that you know a lot about and that inspires you to write about, keep learning about and share with others.  While there are many possible ways to break down the fashion angle, here are some suggestions just to get you thinking about your own:  Fashion for mid to late teens Fashion on the catwalks of Europe Fashion for office work in big cities Fashion for winter vacations Fashion for babies and young children Fashion on a budget Fashion fixes for thrift shop finds, etc. Many good blog names already exist, so you'll need to be very imaginative but with a little effort, it will be possible to come up with something of your own that stands out. Spend some time writing out lists of possible names, test them on family and friends and mull over the names for a few days before reaching a decision. If you're blogging with others, do a brainstorm session together. Keep the name as short as possible without being dull. While the theme will obviously be focused on fashion, it's the design elements you'll need to customize. Make the design exciting and fun so the viewers will keep coming on the site from the start. Don't make it too busy, but equally, don't make it bland; find a balance that exudes elegance, confidence and simplicity.  If you're not sure, hire a web designer to help you; this can be done easily through online sources. Decide how large your images will be. Large images are preferred by those using portable digital media, as the screens are smaller. Small images tend to have less impact and important details can be easily lost. Do you have a main color or set of colors that you think work well for your fashion statement? Do test runs of different colors and combinations of colors to see what works best for your layout. When choosing colors, bear in mind the fashion...


Define your ideal customer. Solve a problem for the customer. Apply the concepts of marketing to your product and your ideal customer.

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Think of the people who buy your product most often or those people who have a problem that your product or service can solve. Your ideal customers may be of a certain age, gender or income level.  Determining who your ideal customer is will shape all of your marketing efforts for your product. In order to get the most out of your marketing budget, target your ideal customers. You can determine you ideal customer through the client data you keep on your product sales. You can also survey your clients or analyze research generated by competitors in your industry. For example, if you sell outdoor technology equipment, your ideal customer might be a male or female between the ages of 25 and 50 years old, as these people are both more active than older people and have more disposable income that younger people. In addition, you estimate that your ideal customer lives in the western US, as people there spend more time outdoors than those in other parts of the country, and has an upper level or high level of income, as your outdoor equipment is relatively expensive. Consumers have problems that they want to solve. If you work with clients in a particular industry, use your customer knowledge to find a problem you can address.  Research a product idea. Many businesses develop great products that relate to other successful products they sell. Think about why customers use your existing products. You may be able to solve another problem that is slightly different. Say, for example, that customers tell you that they need a durable cell phone charger that will hold up if dropped or exposed to extreme weather. To solve this problem, you create a charger that is weather-proof and shock-proof. Hikers and bikers try your phone charger and like the results. Once you've identified your ideal customer and solved his problem with your product, you can think about the components of your marketing. Think broadly about what you need to do to market your product.  You'll need to plan a price for your product. Determining a price...


Define your intentions. Measure your space. Pick a general audio system. Block out your placement.

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Take stock of everything you have already (if you're building a home theater completely from scratch, you can skip to the next step). Consider the type and size of TV you have, the dimensions of the room, and your intentions going forward. How many people do you want to be able to fit? Is your entertainment room spacious--which will allow for richer sound quality--or will you have to reign your ambition in a little bit? How many speakers can you feasibly place? These are things to consider before you even start planning the physical placement of your equipment. Typically, you want your seating to be positioned between the TV and the adjacent wall, not up against it; that way, you can run speakers behind your couch or chair, creating a surround-sound experience. This is a good time to evaluate the sound flow of the room as well. High-backed furniture and superfluous items will block or distort sound; try to keep your entertainment room as clean and low-profile as possible. You've probably seen designations such as 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, and so on. In these cases, the first number stands for the quantity of speakers, and the ".1" signifies the use of a subwoofer. Pick a speaker system that pertains to the size and location of your room.  As a general rule, if you live in an apartment or similarly close-knit location, a 5.1 stereo system will probably be the largest one you need, since any considerate volume on a larger speaker system will be redundant. Similarly, you should size a speaker system for the space in which it will preside, not for the space you think it will eventually belong in. You can always purchase a 2.1 speaker system for a small room and add on later. Measure the distance from your TV to your couch, from your couch to your back wall, and from the corners of the room to where you will be sitting. Place tape where you intend to put the speakers; the main ones will sit in front of the TV, while the surround sound usually goes behind the viewer.   You want your speakers to deliver approximately the same...


Define your needs. Develop the language. Develop a method to track donations and donor information. Get staff or volunteers to do the work.

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This is the most important first step in fundraising.  To effectively raise money, you have to know what you're fundraising for in the first place.  Take the time to figure out your group's needs and budget the costs to meet them. Now that you have identified your needs, you need to articulate them.  Develop some language describing what you need, why you need it, how it will help the community you serve, and how much it will cost.  You may not need all of this written language for every fundraising effort, but you'll appreciate having it on hand when it's required. For legal, accounting and internal tracking purposes, you will need the capacity to record and track donations and donor information.   Your method can be a simple spreadsheet, or a complex, custom database, but you must have a usable tool. Fundraising is work, no doubt about it.  You will need capable, reliable people to manage records, staff events, stuff envelopes, solicit donations, write emails, update websites and more.  Your board should definitely be involved in fundraising.  You can also recruit volunteers from your constituency, from local service organizations, colleges and universities, or from online services like Volunteer Match.


Define your strengths. Use self-affirmations. Be kind to yourself Practice forgiveness with yourself and with others. Be patient Think about things before you start worrying. Slow down your life. Stop procrastinating.

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It’s hard to feel calm and collected if you don’t know your own strengths. Take a little time to examine yourself and discover the unique things that make you, you. Remind yourself how capable you are. Journaling can be a great way to discover positive things about yourself. Here are some questions to get you started:  What makes you feel like a strong person? What emotions do you feel when you’re feeling confident or strong? What qualities define your strengths? This could be things like “compassion” or “family” or “ambition” -- whatever you think communicates you. Take a moment to review each one. Which ones do you like best? You can also try writing positive statements to yourself each day. For example, remind yourself of things you’ve done well that day, or tell yourself something that you like or respect about yourself. Once you’ve figured out some of your positive attributes, remind yourself of them! It may feel awkward to say these things to yourself at first, but consider: you probably tell your loved ones how awesome they are all the time, right? Why not do the same for yourself? Try the following to help boost your self-confidence and increase your calm:  Say affirmations out loud to yourself in the mirror. Look yourself in the eyes and repeat something positive to yourself, such as “I am a great friend and loving person” or “I love how my smile lights up my face when I’m happy.” If you encounter unkind thoughts to yourself, change these into self-affirmations by reframing them. For example, imagine you find yourself thinking, “I’m so stressed, I will never be able to figure this out!” Reframe this into a positive statement: “I am stressed right now, and I am learning new things every day to make myself stronger.” . Being calm begins with being self-loving (which is completely different from being self-absorbed). It's all too commonplace for us to take a negative tone with ourselves and to be our own unkindest critic. This can happen because we hold ourselves to unrealistic expectations, or because...


Define your style. Speak your voice. Use social media. Use confident body language.

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Take a look at your wardrobe. Make sure that all your clothes feel like you, and aren’t just things that you’ve had for years and can’t bring yourself to get rid of. Your clothes are a great way to express yourself and show off your personality. If you have a very defined style, it can give your crush some idea of who you are and what you’re about, which could make your crush interested in talking to you.   If you’re a sporty guy, wear your favorite team’s jersey. If you’re feminine and cute, embrace this side of yourself by wearing pastels and lacy clothes. If you’re more of a rebel, wear band shirts and black jeans. Don’t copy your crush’s style. Just because your crush has a very preppy style, don’t think you have to dress like you’re going to a country club if that’s not your look. You need to feel comfortable and feel like yourself in your clothes. Make yourself heard when your crush is around. If you are in a class with your crush, participate and answer questions. Voice your opinions and feedback in work or club meetings. Even just try to chat with friends around your crush. This will give your crush a better idea of what kind of person you are. Try your best to be cheerful and upbeat around your crush. People are naturally attracted to happy and confident people, so do your best to be positive when they are around. Social media is a great way to reach your crush in an indirect way. Even if your crush isn’t your Facebook friend or isn’t following your social media, he still may see your posts or pictures through mutual friends.  Try to craft your social media presence to show you in the best possible light. Make sure that your posts and pictures present you as a positive and interesting person. Make sure that you aren’t tagged in any unflattering photos or photos of you doing anything inappropriate. Even if your crush makes you feel nervous, do your best to act confident. Stand up straight with a relaxed smile. Don’t cross your arms, look down at the ground or fidget; these behaviors can make you look...


Define your values. Evaluate your current performance. Consider the manner in which you did things. Cut yourself slack in tough times.

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Concrete outcomes are not the only way to measure success. You can also measure success by trying hard to live up to your values, even if you sometimes fall short of the mark. List the sort of characteristics you want to have, in order to be considered successful. These can be things like, ‘I pick myself up when I’m down’, ‘I look for the positives in every situation’, or, ‘I make an effort to speak kindly and politely to everyone, even if I’m in a bad mood.’ These values don’t come with an expiry date: they will help you gauge how you’re doing at any given stage of life. Are you living up to these characteristics most of the time? Think of examples that can show that you are or are not living up to your standards of success. Are you trying your best to be the kind of person you want to be? Think of behavior you can improve to be successful. Ask others for advice on how to do it.  Ask others for their opinion of your current performance. They can give you a perspective that you might not have thought of. Remember that this is a life long process and there often will be no concrete outcome. Decide if how you did things is more important than what you did. For example, if you managed to score goals in all of your football matches but you were arrogant and rude to your friends and lost some of those friends, are you still successful? Or, if you did NOT manage to secure straight A’s in all of your exams but you worked hard throughout the year and you learnt a lot of skills along the way, did you really fail? Keep things in perspective. Sometimes it just makes sense to reduce effort, such as if the goal you are trying to achieve is not really obtainable. Keep in mind that when you get sick or need to direct your attention elsewhere, it doesn't necessarily mean that you are not succeeding, but that your success is on pause while you deal with more pressing concerns.


Defragment Your Hard Drive. Check for viruses. Upload documents to a cloud drive.

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If you are on a Windows computer you can defragment your hard drive to put fragmented data back together and help your computer run more smoothly.  Click the Start button and then in the search bar type Disk Defragmenter, and click the “Disk Defragmenter” result. Once open, click Defragment disk to begin. This might take some time. A Mac doesn’t doesn’t work the same way as a Windows and defragging the hard drive doesn’t do the same thing it does on a Windows; and if you’re on an SSD hard drive it can be dangerous. Instead Repair Disk Permissions with Disk Utility. Launch Disk Utilities from Applications > Utilities > Disk Utilities. Select your hard drive, click “Erase” and then “Erase Free Space”. You can pick which option you want, but the “Zero out deleted files” should be sufficient for most people. Viruses can slow down your computer and take up precious space on your hard drive. Another way to clear memory on your hard drive is to remove viruses.  On windows you can use the Microsoft Security Essentials program to scan and clean your computer, or download a virus scanner application like McAfee.  While Macs are a little better at preventing viruses, they can still get them. The best way to prevent them is to ensure that you don’t download or open any program that could contain malware. To make sure that you’re always up to date on security, open your System Preferences > App Store Preference pane > and check the “Automatically check for updates” and “Install system data files and security” boxes. Using a cloud drive is another viable option to clear memory on your computer hard drive. If you don’t have a lot of memory on your hard drive, but want to keep quick access to certain files, you can use online cloud drives like Google Docs, Dropbox, Box, and iCloud Drive.


Defrost the bagel at room temperature for 2-3 hours. Preheat your oven to 400 °F (204 °C) 10-15 minutes before you’re ready to eat. Place the bagel on a baking sheet with the sliced sides facing up. Bake the bagel in the oven for 10-15 minutes. Remove the baking sheet from the oven and let the bagel cool down.

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If the bagel was individually wrapped before it went into the freezer, leave it in its wrap while it is defrosting. If it wasn’t, wrap it in plastic wrap or aluminum foil when you take it out of the freezer to help it retain its moisture level while it’s defrosting. You could also let the bagel defrost overnight, which could especially come in handy if you want to eat a bagel first thing in the morning. Once your bagel is defrosted, turn on your oven and set it to the appropriate temperature. Give the oven 5-10 minutes to fully preheat.  If you prefer a less-crispy exterior, set the oven to 350 °F (177 °C) instead of 400 °F (204 °C). For an extra-crispy bagel, set the oven to 420 °F (216 °C). Position the bagel halves so that the interior of the bagel is facing up so that the heat from the oven will cook it more evenly. Keep the exterior of the bagel against the baking sheet so it gets crispier. You can also bake bagels whole if you prefer. Just keep in mind that the interior of the bagel won’t get crispy and browned at all. Every oven bakes things at a slightly different rate, so check the bagel after 10 minutes to see if it is done yet. If it doesn’t have much color on the top, cook it for an additional 5 minutes. It is done when it’s lightly browned on top, though feel free to cook it for longer if you prefer a toastier bagel. If you’re baking an unsliced bagel, it should still need just 10-15 minutes to bake on the outside and heat all the way through. Use oven mitts to safely remove the baking sheet and set it down on a protected surface. Give the bagel 3-4 minutes to cool off before you pick it up and add your toppings of choice. Don’t forget to turn off the oven when you’re done using it.


Defrost the beef for a day in the refrigerator if it is frozen. Choose a microwave-safe container or plate. Cook and stir the beef again as necessary until it is brown.

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When using a microwave, you have to pack the beef into a microwaveable container. Frozen beef is too solid for you to do this effectively. Thaw the beef first by moving it to the refrigerator a day before you need to cook it.  You can also use the defrost or 50% power on your setting to heat the beef until it is no longer icy. Defrosting in cold water also can work. Make sure your beef is in a watertight container. Submerge the container in the water, draining and replacing the water every 30 minutes until the beef is no longer frozen. Cook ground beef only in a container or plate that can withstand the intense heat. Glass or ceramic, such as a casserole dish, usually work well. Get a shallow, circular container if you can, since the shape helps the beef cook more evenly. Choose a dish large enough to hold all of the beef or microwave it in separate batches if necessary.  A metal steamer basket or colander can be effective for microwaving ground beef. You can also place the beef in a bowl set in the basket or colander to automatically drain fat. Some plastic containers release harmful chemicals when heated. Check plastic containers to see if they have the words “microwave-safe” printed on them. Avoid using a container if you aren’t sure it is safe. Cook the beef for 2 to 5 minutes, take it out of the microwave, and stir it to bring any pink parts to the outside of the container. You may need to do this a few times before the beef is cooked all the way through. When it is finished, it should be completely brown and have an internal temperature of 160 °F (71 °C), which you can check with a thermometer. Expect the cooking process to take between 7 to 10 minutes, not counting the time spent stopping and stirring. This will depend on the heat settings you use.


Defrost the crab legs. Transfer the crab legs to a microwave-safe container. Add water. Microwave on full power. Serve warm.

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The quickest way to thaw crab legs is to place them under cold, running water for several minutes.  The recommended thawing method takes much longer. Place the crab legs in the refrigerator and let them defrost from a frozen state for 8 hours or overnight. While the microwave can be used to cook the crab legs, it is not recommended for the purpose of thawing the seafood. Place the crabs in a microwave-safe container, arranging them in a single layer if possible.  If you cannot arrange all the crab legs in a single, you may want to cook them in separate batches. You could arrange them in multiple even layers, but if you do this, you will need to toss them with a fork once or twice in the middle of the cooking cycle to ensure even cooking. A glass casserole dish with a lid is a standard choice, but any microwave-safe container will suffice. Fill the container with 1 Tbsp (15 ml) of warm to hot water for every 8 oz (225 g) of crab legs.  For this recipe, which uses 3 lbs (1350 g) of crab legs, you will need to add 6 Tbsp (180 ml) of water. It is better to use warm to hot water instead of cool water. Cook the crab legs for 3 to 4 minutes per 8 oz (225 g) of crab legs.  For 3 lbs (1350 g) of crab legs, microwave on 100 percent power for 18 to 24 minutes. You may need to stir or shift around the crab legs in the middle of the cooking process to promote even cooking. Enjoy the heated crab legs immediately, serving them with melted butter or lemon wedges, if desired.


Defrost the ribs for a day in the refrigerator. Mix a marinade. Pour the marinade into a sealable plastic sack. Place the bag in the refrigerator for four hours. Remove the ribs from the refrigerator and the plastic bag. Heat two tbsp. Remove the ribs from the Dutch oven and place them on a platter. Dice an onion, two large carrots and two celery stalks. Place the ribs inside the Dutch oven. Secure the lid on the top of the Dutch oven. Remove the ribs from the pot. Bring the remaining juice to a boil and reduce it by half.

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Make sure they have enough time to defrost. You don't want to defrost tougher pieces of meat, like this, in the microwave. There are several marinades that work well with short ribs, including red wine, dark beer and Asian-style ribs. If you're using the red wine marinade above, mix together the red wine, beef broth, garlic, tomatoes, bay leaves, black pepper and thyme. Place your defrosted beef flanken ribs in the bag. Seal it and flip the bag several times to coat the meat. The longer they marinate, the more intensely flavored they will be. Pat them dry with some paper towels. Reserve the marinade. Dry beef will brown better. of olive oil in a Dutch oven on medium heat. Place the flanken into the heated pan to brown. Brown for three minutes on each side. Remove all but two tbsp. of oil from the pan. Toss them in the Dutch oven and sauté them in the oil until browned. Loosen any brown bits with your wooden spoon. Pour in the reserved marinade. Heat until boiling. Reduce the heat to a simmer. Cook at this low temperature for one and a half hours to two hours. Set them aside and keep them warm. Separate the fat if possible, or use the full-fat reduction as sauce. Serve immediately.


Defrost the turkey in the refrigerator if possible. Put a refrigerator-thawed turkey back in the freezer if you don't cook it. Store turkeys in ice-filled coolers while transporting them.

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Using the refrigerator is the safest way to defrost a turkey. All you have to do is put the frozen turkey in the refrigerator. Expect the turkey to need 24 hours per 5 lb (2.3 kg) of meat to defrost completely. After it defrosts, it then stays fresh for 2 more days in the refrigerator.  The most common alternative to refrigerator defrosting is a cold water bath. Put the turkey in a sink filled with cold water below 40 °F (4 °C). Replace the water every 30 minutes to keep the turkey safe. If your turkey is small enough, remove the wrapping and put it in the microwave. Use the defrost setting to heat it up quickly. Leave the turkey in its original packaging to avoid exposing it to bacteria. Store the turkey in the freezer within 2 days of it thawing. It will last up to 1 year in the freezer. Turkeys thawed in water or the microwave cannot be refrozen. They will already have bacteria growing on them. If you’re traveling or don’t have a refrigerator or freezer handy, you still need to keep your turkey below 40 °F (4 °C). Line a cooler with ice packs or fresh ice. Fit the turkey into the cooler and shut the lid. Then, check the cooler every so often to make sure the turkey is still cold. The best way to gauge the cooler’s temperature is with a reprogrammable kitchen thermometer. Set the thermometer to beep when the cooler’s temperature gets close to 40 °F (4 °C).


Dehydrate petals with silica gel. Dry out petals with borax and sand. Preserve petals using cat litter. Place the petals in borax and white corn meal.

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Silica gel, which can be purchased at most craft stores, can easily be used to preserve rose petals. You'll need a large package of silica gel and an airtight, sealable container.  Place an inch of silica gel at the bottom of an airtight container. Then, add the rose petals.  Add about another half inch of silica gel, completely covering the flowers. Place the lid on the container and set aside in a safe place away from pets or children.  It can take anywhere from two to seven days for flowers to dry completely. At this point, they can be removed and used in crafts. Wetter, larger petals will take longer to dry than smaller, dryer ones. Borax and sand can also be used to preserve rose petals. As silica gel can be a hazard to pets and children, you may feel safer with this method. You'll need to buy fine sand and borax powder at a local craft store. Once again, you'll also need a container. However, you'll be leaving the container uncovered so it does not need to be sealable or airtight.  Sift the borax first, making sure to remove all the lumps. Then, mix the borax and sand. You should use a mixture of 2 parts borax, 1 part fine sand.  Line one inch of the borax/sand mixture on the bottom of your container. Add the rose petals. Then, cover them completely with borax and sand. You'll need about half an inch.  This method takes slightly longer to work than the silica gel method. You'll have to set your open container aside for 14 to 17 days before the petals dry completely. A plain, dust-free cat litter can also help preserve rose petals. You would use the same layering process as you used with silica gel. Line the bottom of an airtight, sealable container with an inch of cat litter. Then, add the rose petals. Then, add another half inch of cat litter. Seal the container and set aside for two to seven days. If you have cats, make sure to place the container out of their reach. If they see a container full of litter, they may assume it's for them and try to get into it. Borax can also be mixed with white corn...


Delete any unknown programs. Run anti-adware scans. Reset your internet browsers. Look up a guide for your specific infection.

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You may have accidentally installed adware alongside another program downloaded from the internet. The main symptoms are a lot of pop-ups when browsing the internet or redirected searches. These steps will help with most adware, though you may need to search for solutions for your specific infection.  Click here for tips on deleting programs in Windows, and click here for Mac. Remove any program on the list that you don't remember installing or that seems suspicious. Perform a Google search for the program's name if you are unsure. There are programs designed to find and remove adware from your computer. They operate differently than antivirus programs, and can detect many things that an antivirus program wouldn't. Download, install, and run each of the following programs to get rid of the adware on your computer.  AdwCleaner - general-changelog-team.fr/en/tools/15-adwcleaner  Malwarebytes Antimalware - malwarebytes.org  HitmanPro - surfright.nl/en/hitmanpro Most adware infects your web browsers to install unwanted toolbars, change your homepage, and redirect your searches. Resetting your browsers will remove everything that has been added to it.   Click here for tips on resetting Internet Explorer.  Click here for tips on resetting Chrome.  Click here for tips on resetting Firefox.  Click here for tips on resetting Safari. The steps above are general adware removal steps, but many infections require extra steps such as resetting the hosts file or fixing browser shortcuts. Perform a search on your specific infection (you can usually tell by what search engine you are redirected to). wikiHow has many articles dedicated to specific infections as well.


Delete old files. Delete any applications that you don’t need. Delete everything in your trash, as the files in trash still take up space on your computer. Restart your computer so the hard drive will refresh and cleanse itself to your saved actions.

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Old files that you no longer use or need will take up space that can really slow your computer down and clog up the memory in your hard drive.  First locate your Downloads and Documents folders. This is where a lot of your computer’s memory is dedicated. Locate files in each folder that you no longer need and move them into your trash. An easy way to go about this is to click the “Date modified” column and sort your files based on the last date a file was opened starting from earliest to most recent. Delete the files you haven’t used in a long time, or transfer them to an external hard drive if you need to save them. Like with your downloads and documents, we tend to install a fair amount of applications that we don’t end up using very often, if ever. These applications don’t just take up memory from being installed, but they also take up data that can affect your computer’s speed and memory.  If you are on a Mac, you can find your Applications folder from your Finder. Click Go > Applications. Then, just like you did with your documents and downloads, sort them by Date Modified and locate the ones you haven’t used in a while first. Delete all the applications you can live without.  If you are on a PC, click your Start button > Control Panel > Programs > Programs and Features. Select a program you don’t need and click “Uninstall”. On a Mac, just emptying your trash doesn’t completely delete all the information of your files, it just removes them from your file directory. To completely delete your files from your computer, click Finder > Secure Empty Trash.  On Windows in order to truly delete files you have to use a third party program to rid your hard drive of any leftover files after you’ve emptied your recycle bin. Popular programs are Eraser, CCleaner, or SDelete, which is a tool from Microsoft which allows you to empty files through a command line prompt.  Make absolutely sure you have appropriately deleted what you don't need or want (but be sure you don't delete something you do need, or your computer...


Delete the files you want to remove. Click and hold the trash icon. Hold down ⌘ Command. Select "Secure Empty Trash. Troubleshoot difficulty emptying trash.

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Navigate to the file or files you want permanently removed from your computer. Left-click once on the file and press Del on your keyboard or drag and drop the file into the Trash icon located on your taskbar. This should cause a Trash option menu to pop up. Usually, the two options that will appear are "Open" and "Empty Trash." On its own, the "Empty Trash" icon will only delete the link or pathway to the data in your Trash. This will clear some room on your hard disk, but it does not permanently delete the data, so that data can still be recovered later on if you only use the standard "Empty Trash" option. Press ⌘ Command on your keyboard with the Trash menu still open. Notice that the "Empty Trash" option should change to "Secure Empty Trash." " Click once on this option to securely and permanently delete the entire contents of your Trash from your computer.  Note that this option will only allow you to permanently delete the entire contents of your Trash at once. You cannot use it to delete one or two particular files while leaving the rest of your temporarily deleted files untouched. This feature is only available starting from Mac OS 10.3 and up. Some users may experience problems emptying trash and find a message like, "The operation could not be completed because the item '(item name)' is locked." In this case, first attempt to hold ⌥ Option and select "Empty Trash" from the "Finder" menu. If that doesn't work, something else may be interfering with your trash removal.  Check to see if one or more of the trashed files are locked. Users with Mac OS X 10.1 (or later) should first try to press and hold ⇧ Shift+⌥ Option while selecting "Empty Trash." Users with Mac OS X versions 10.0 to 10.0.4 can instead try right-clicking the file and selecting "Show Info," after which they should make sure the box next to "Locked" is unchecked. If those solutions don't work, read more at: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201583. Check to see if you have permissions to modify the trashed file(s). If not, you'll likely...


Delete your reviews with Google Maps. Delete your uploaded photos. Delete any additional profile information. Delete your entire Google account.

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Your local reviews will be stored in the "Your contributions" section of Google Maps. They'll be marked private and hidden. You can delete them permanently if you desire.  Log into the Google Maps website with the same Google account. Click the Menu button and select "Your contributions." Click the "Reviews" tab. A list of all the reviews you've made will appear here. Click the More button next to the review you want to remove. Select "Delete review." Confirm that you want to delete it. Deleting your Google+ profile will not delete any photos that you've uploaded. You'll need to delete these through Picasa.  Visit picasaweb.google.com/lh/myphotos. Log in with your Google account. Download any photos you want to keep. Deleting photos from Picasa will delete them across all of your Google products and devices. Make sure to save any photos that you want to keep. Select an album. This is the quickest way to delete multiple photos. Deleting an album also deletes all of the photos it contains. Click the "Actions" button and select "Delete album." You will be asked to confirm that you want to delete the photos. You will not be able to recover the photos after deleting them. Deleting your Google+ profile does not delete your Google profile. Visit aboutme.google.com to manage your public data. Check each section carefully. Remove any information that you no longer want associated with your Google account. If you want to completely remove your presence from Google, you'll want to delete your entire Google account. This is irreversible and will affect all Google products, including Gmail, Search, YouTube, Drive, and more.  Visit the Google My Account website at myaccount.google.com. Log in with the account you want to delete. Click "Delete your account or services" in the "Account preferences" section. Select "Delete Google Account and data." Review everything that will be deleted. You will be shown a summary of all of the data that will be deleted. Check the boxes to confirm that you want to delete your account and...


Deliver physical copies of your newsletter. Deliver digital copies of your newsletter. Keep track of your paper.

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If you are offering printed copies of your newsletter, you will want to make them easy to find.  Placing them in an area that doesn't see much traffic will likely result in less people reading the newsletter.  Sending them home in certain ways can work better than others.  Always make sure that your newsletter is easy to locate or is likely to be delivered successfully.  You'll likely want to create a list of people who want to subscribe to your newsletter. Try leaving it near the entrances to your school or local businesses. Bring some copies to your nearby library to put out for people to take. Leaving some copies on the front desk of the main office can be a good idea. If you have the budget, your school may mail printed copies to the community. Give the paper to students to take home.  Some have found that giving the newsletter to younger children increases the chances of it getting home. Digital publication can lower costs and increase the size of your reader base.  There are many methods that you can use to easily send your newsletter digitally to your readers.  Try using some of these methods to send your newsletter out digitally:  You can use group emails to send out your newsletter. You might post new editions on your school's homepage. Use your school's social media accounts to let people know about new editions of your paper. You could build a dedicated website or blog to post new editions of your newsletter. It can be a good idea to record and track some information about your newspaper.  Collecting this data will tell you how many people are reading it, how many copies are actually being used, or even what information people prefer to read about.  This information can help you create a better paper and will allow you to meet the needs of your readers.  Keep track of how many paper copies are taken by readers.  This can tell you if you need to print more or less copies in the future. Counting how many copies are taken from different locations will tell you where the best places are to distribute...


Deliver the news by literally putting a bun in the oven. Give him your pregnancy test as a gift. Surprise him with Daddy gear. Deliver the news by parking in a maternity parking spot.

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When your husband steps out of the house, place a hamburger, hot dog, or just an ordinary bun in the oven. Whatever you use, make sure anyone can see that it's a bun.  When your husband gets home, tell him that the oven is making a funny noise or that you can't get it to work. He'll open the oven and will be initially confused by the bun there. Stand near him and wait for him to understand that you have a bun in the oven too! Wrap up the gift and put a big bow on it. Even if there's no occasion for it, sit your husband down, and make sure you have all of his attention.  Say, "There's something I've been meaning to give you. Actually, it's already yours." When he sees the pregnancy test, he'll know what it means! Giving your husband anything with "Daddy" on it will get the point across loud and clear. It can be a lot of fun to give him a small gift that lets him know he will be a father, even if it takes a minute to figure out what you mean. Here are some things you can do:  If he's cooking or grilling, you can buy a "Daddy" apron and tie it around him. See how long it takes for him to look down and see what it says. Get a "#1 Dad" mug and serve his morning coffee in it. See how long it takes for him to notice the writing. Just get him a T-shirt that says "Proud Daddy." If you really want to be playful, you can ask him to fold your laundry or hang out while you fold your laundry and wait for him to notice the new shirt at the top of the pile. You can also give him a baby shirt or jumper that says "I love my Daddy." He may be confused for a second but will know exactly what it means. If you normally hang up your laundry to dry, hang up some baby clothes in a prominent place and wait for him to ask what's going on. Buy a pair of baby shoes and give him the box. Tell him that you got him the most perfect shoes and wait for him to open it. You can also buy a pair of baby shoes and place them near your normal shoes and wait for him to notice them. This will only work if there are grocery or convenience stores in...


Demonstrate good sportsmanship at all times. Remind your teammates of your skills. Show your love for teamwork. Be a good friend to your teammates. Be a united front with your coach.

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Though you may be the captain of your sports team and a star athlete to boot, it's important to be humble and polite.  If you're practicing with members of your own team, offer them encouragement. Instead of showing off and being mean when they make a misstep, show them how to improve their game and compliment them when appropriate. On game day, it's important to look your opponents in the eye, shake their hands, and to show that you're focused on the game, not whether or not the other team's point guard is a jerk. Even if you feel someone on the other team acted unfairly, take it up with your coach or a ref as the situation dictates, but avoid name calling and foul language. Lose with dignity. Leaders should be seen as mature - not as crybabies. If the other team kicked your butt, congratulate them without wincing. With your good attitude, you'll get another chance at them. Though it's important not to call too much attention to yourself, don't be afraid to strut your stuff to let people know why you are the captain of your team.  Help your coach demonstrate skills during drills. Your teammates will be impressed by how versatile and helpful you are. On game day, play your best. Don't slack off just because you're the captain--it's important to work your hardest on the court. You're still part of a team and should work well with others. You were chosen to be a leader partly because of your ability to work with a diverse group of people.  When you're huddling with your team or giving instructions, make sure to give everyone a chance to participate in the game. If you're dictating plays, don't revolve the entire game around your skills. Be helpful off the court. Help load equipment into your team bus, take attendance, and offer rides to any straggling team members. This will show that you care about working together on all aspects of the game, even it's just driving the freshman player to school so everyone can be a part of the game. Though you should be respected first of all, being a team captain is more...


Demonstrate responsibility. Demonstrate clear ambition. Set specific, clear goals. Practice networking. Practice time management.

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A good way to show that you are a good person to do business with is to act responsibly and honestly. That is, always deliver on your promises by delivering results as promised and on time. Always be punctual for meetings and calls. On the other side, avoid gossiping about business associates to others. Ambition refers to an innate drive to succeed, and every successful businessman has it. Developing ambition will not only provide you with the passion and drive to work hard and become successful, but it will also make you appear more confident. Think of an image of how you want your life to be in an ideal world. What does it look like? Are you a CEO? Are you giving presentations to hundreds of people? Are you driving a nice car? Having a clear image of what you want your life to look like can provide direction and motivation to create that image. A successful businessman is not simply a dreamer, but someone who can bring ideas to reality and ultimately make money. Being able to take an idea or a vision, and turn it into a series of specific goals is an essential business skill and key part of being a businessman. Make sure your goals are all SMART. That is to say Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely. If your goal is to become a high-level manager, start with the attainable goal of becoming supervisor of your team within two years, for example. Business is all about relationships, and networking is the best way to find a new job, meet new customers, get to know supervisors, or form new business relationships that can enhance your career. Networking is an essential business skill.  When networking, avoid "being false". People avoid those who are "on the make". Be a giver, not a taker. With networking practice makes perfect. A good tip to initiate conversations is to simply to approach individuals or groups and ask simple opening questions such as "What bring you here?" or even a simple, "How are you?" Listening is as important as talking. It not only allows you to get to know the person...