Use medications. Eat local honey. Be aware of lifestyle choices.

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Taking allergy pills, sprays, drops, and shots are preventative measures that millions of people in the U.S. engage in. Fifty-five percent of Americans test positive for sensitivity to one or more allergens,    so that's no surprise. As with any medication, using allergy drugs wisely is crucial to maintaining a healthy benefit.  Do not use medications in excess. Drugs should always be used as a temporary solution. Chronic overuse of drugs can lead to dependence and can harm your health.   Allergy medications are available in various forms, such as pills, drops, sprays, creams, and injections. Some are over the counter, some are available only as prescriptions. See your doctor to find out which allergy drugs may be right for you. Use antihistamines and decongestants carefully for temporary relief of runny nose and sneezing. Many of these can cause drowsiness and lethargy, possibly impairing motor skills, and if used excessively may cause organ damage. Consuming local honey, especially raw, has been an anecdotal remedy for years, which many swear by. While there is no clinical evidence that honey reduces allergies, there is some possibility that it may help.   Local honey can contain traces of local pollens, which can be allergens- and one way of treating allergies is repeated exposure to small doses of allergens. Eating local honey may also be beneficial for immune systems. Honey has been studied for possible cough-suppressing qualities. Never feed honey to children of less than one year- they may be at risk from botulism, which can be found in honey. Sometimes allergies and runny noses can be avoided, or at least the risk somewhat mitigated, by making wise decisions in your day to day life.  Don't smoke. Smoking can exacerbate symptoms of allergies. Stay away from classmates who smoke- their secondhand smoke and even the odor on their clothes while in class may trigger nasal allergies. Get plenty of exercise. Exercising won't directly relieve your nasal congestion, but will help you feel your best, and may...


Use meringue as a  pie topping.  Make meringue cookies Finished.

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This popular use of meringue requires a bit less finesse than you need to make cookies, since baking the pie with slightly softer peaks will still turn out beautifully. When your pie filling is prepared, simply spread the meringue across the top, then place it in the oven and bake it until the top of the meringue is light brown at the tips.  You can make the pie look more decorative by creating mini peaks and curls. After you spread the meringue on the pie surface, use the back of a spoon to lightly touch the surface of the meringue and lift it into a small peak. Repeat in the pattern on the rest of the pie. Be sure that your oven temperature isn't too hot when you're baking meringue pie. In order for the peaks to hold, the moisture needs to evaporate gradually with relatively low heat. . To make cookies, be sure your batch of meringue has been beaten long enough to form quite thick, stiff, glossy peaks. Spoon dollops of the meringue onto a cookie sheet. Use the back of the spoon to lightly press the center of a cookie, then lift up to form a small peak. Repeat with the remaining cookies and bake them for about 10 minutes, or until they turn golden brown.  You can flavor meringue cookies by stirring in cinnamon, pumpkin spice, small chocolate chips, or cocoa powder. For prettier cookies, fill an icing bag with meringue and pipe them onto the cookie sheet through a decorate tip. This way you can make ridged swirls and other patterns. To make peppermint meringues, mix a few drops of peppermint extract and red food coloring in a bowl. After piping the meringue onto the cookie sheet, use a small clean paintbrush to pain candy cane-like stripes around the ridges of the cookies before baking them.


Use mild cleansers. Avoid fragrances and dyes. Be gentle with your skin. Choose your moisturizer carefully. Apply your moisturizer (fragrance and dye-free) immediately upon getting out of the shower. Try natural food scrubs and lotions. Cover your elbows after moisturizing.

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If you're suffering from dry, cracked elbows or dry skin in general, it's important to avoid harsh soaps and cleansers, which can further dry out your skin. Choose a product which is formulated for dry skin. Fragrances and dyes are often irritating to the skin and can cause further redness and dryness. Choose cleansers and moisturizes which are fragrance and dye free. If you're having trouble sorting through selection at the drugstore, try looking for products designed for babies. They are typically much milder and are often fragrance and dye-free. Don't over-exfoliate; scrubbing your skin too roughly will only further strip your skin of important moisturizing oils. It's recommended that you use your hands or a soft washcloth to exfoliate. An important step to curing your cracked and dry elbows is to properly moisture and smooth them out. Not all moisturizes are created equally, though.  Products with ceramide and hyaluronic acid will help your skin retain moisture.   Products with dimethicone and glycerin are useful for drawing water to the skin.   Products with lanolin, mineral oil, and/or petroleum jelly are also recommended and are excellent at helping you retain water.   Look for lotions with lactic acid; beyond moisturizing your elbows, the lactic acid gently exfoliates your flaky skin. Don't dry off completely; it's better to apply lotion while your skin is still damp. Your dry, cracked elbows may find relief from a variety of home remedies starting in the kitchen.  Use yogurt on your elbows. Yogurt is high in lactic acid, which will gently help exfoliate your flaky skin. Greek variety yogurt is particularly thick and concentrated. Leave on your elbows for up to 15 minutes.   Try using organic honey on your ailing elbows, which has long been lauded as an excellent remedy for dry chapped skin. You can mix the honey with your yogurt spread (above), or apply straight to your elbows.   Treat your elbows with lemon. The citric acid in lemon can work to lighten the dark and dry skin on your elbows, and will...


Use mirror clips to mount mirrors that are 1⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) or thinner. Choose a location for your mirror and find the studs in the walls. Mark the placement for the mirror's bottom edge on the wall. Determine the placement of the bottom 2 clips. Drill holes in the wall where you’ve made your marks. Lower the mirror into the bottom clips and mark the wall for the top clips. Use a level to confirm all of your marks are in line. Install the top clips. Press the top edge of the mirror into the top clips.

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A set of mirror clips comes with 2 clips for the bottom of the mirror that are fixed, 2 clips for the top of the mirror that are spring loaded, and 4 anchor screws for installation. The channel on standard mirror clips is made for mirrors or glass that is 1⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) thick or less.  Mirror clips show on the front of the mirror, so select a shape, size, color, and finish that works with your space. Buy a kit that is made for your wall material (dry wall, masonry, etc.). Select a spot away from doors, since opening and shutting doors can loosen the fasteners and cause the mirror to fall. Once you decide on a spot, use a stud finder to locate the studs in the wall and mark them with a grease pencil.  You'll need to anchor the mirror to a stud for secure installation. You may want to get an assistant to help you locate and mark the studs. Choose the height you want to hang the mirror, then use a tape measure to measure the width of the mirror. Measure the desired height and make 2 marks on the wall that match the mirror's width. The bottom edge of the mirror will line up with these 2 marks. The marks should connect to make a line parallel to the floor and that line should be the same width as your glass. Depending on the width of your glass, you will want to come in 1 to 4 inches (2.5 to 10.2 cm) toward the center of your line on each side and make a mark. The greater the width of the mirror, the farther in toward center you can go with the mounts. Don't come in so far that the distance between the mounts is less than the rest of the width of the mirror. Hold your drill so that the bit is perpendicular to the wall and parallel to the floor. Press or tap the anchors into place with a hammer until they are flush with the wall. Use a Philips head bit or screwdriver to fasten the clips to the wall.  Make sure to use a drill bit that is the same size as your anchors. Before you tighten the screw down all the way, take the time to make sure the clip channel is straight. Make light pencil marks on the wall at the...


Use miswak as part of wudu. Understand the importance of oral purification. Study miswak usage in the Hadiths. Alternatively, use an ordinary toothbrush for wudu.

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For some, miswak is just a way to keep the teeth clean. However, for observant Muslims, miswak often plays a more serious role in religious worship. Muslims are required to wash themselves in a ritual form of purification (wudu) before certain acts of worship (most commonly, the daily prayers known as salat). Though cleaning the teeth isn't explicitly required as part of a Muslim's wudu ritual, it is considered optional and is often strongly encouraged. Thus, for serious Muslims, the use of a stick for performing miswak prior to prayer is something that can occur multiple times per day. Achieving a state of purity before prayer is very important for Muslims. The Quran explicitly states that "[God] loves those who purify themselves." Cleaning oneself shows devotion to God, observance of Islamic scriptures, and emulation of Muhammad the prophet, who himself practiced miswak and recommended that others do so. In addition, Miswak usage before prayer is often seen to make the prayer more worthy or desirable in God's eyes. According to one Hadith, "The preference for prayer in which a 'siwak' (miswak) is used to prayer in which it is not used is seventy times." Though use of miswak for oral purity is not discussed at great length in the Quran, it is referenced many times in the Hadiths (the scriptural accounts of the practices and sayings of the prophet Muhammad). Below are just a few quotes from the Hadiths where miswak usage is mentioned as being especially desirable or praiseworthy in the eyes of Muhammad:  "The Messenger of Allah said, 'Had I not thought it difficult for my nation, I would have commanded them to use the miswak before every Salat.'" "The first thing that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) did on entering the house, was Miswak.” “Ablution is part of faith and using a Miswak is part of ablution.” “There is a cure for every illness in Miswak besides death.” If you are an observant Muslim but you live somewhere it is difficult to get a genuine miswak stick or you have...


Use moist foods to provide the worms with water. Change the food/bedding every few weeks. Use fruits and vegetables that are less likely to get soggy.

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Slices or pieces of fruits and vegetables like potatoes and apples work well for this purpose. Potatoes are an especially good option as they take a bit longer to mold and dry out.  Don’t put any water in the container. Mealworms will crawl into a water dish and end up drowning. Use the fruit and vegetables as a source of moisture and water. Switch out dried or molded pieces of fruit and vegetables for fresh ones as needed. You will need to add more food to the container as the worms consume it, but you don’t need to actually change all of the bedding until a few weeks have passed. Keep an eye on it to make sure no mold is growing, and that there is no foul odor. You can use a sifter to gently separate the worms from the bedding when you need to change it, or even when you need to remove the worms for any other reason. If you notice the moist food you provided is making the bedding too wet or damp, change it out for something else. If your container has a lid and you notice the lid is collecting condensation, your container has a bit too much moisture. Try to let a little more air in.


Use moisturizer. Exfoliate. Experiment with home remedies. Do an overnight moisturizing treatment. Use a moisturizing hand soap for good measure.

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Whenever your hands get wet, use moisturizer. After showers, doing the dishes, playing in the rain, whenever. Heck, throw some on when you get bored. This can actually help with nail growth, too, as it keeps your entire hand hydrated and healthy.  But believe it or not, you may want to skip the lotion. The better option is hand ointments and buttery, thick creams with petrolatum or glycerin. Hand sanitizer actually dries hands out. So if you use it, be sure to negate the bad effects with extra moisturizer. If you're victim of the occasional "sandpaper hands," exfoliating is especially important. When you notice a buildup of dry, flaky skin, take it as your body's cue to exfoliate. Scrub your hands for two minutes or so with a tablespoon of sugar and a few drops of olive oil. Rinse it off and pat your hands dry.; don't rub. While they're still damp, slab on some more moisturizer for good measure. Do this once or twice a week and you'll see visible changes. Sugar and olive oil aren't the only things you probably already have lying around that can make your hands baby smooth. Here are a couple of ideas:  Sprinkle some baby powder on your hands and briefly rub lightly in. Then pour some bath salts into your hands, a few drops of hand wash, wash and rinse. Be sure to use warm water! Leave an application of coconut or palm oil on your hands for about 10 minutes. Wash away the oil with salt, not soap. Use some warm water if need be. Wash your hands in vinegar and cover with powdered sugar. Scrub your hands lightly for a minute or two and wash off with warm water. This will also remove dirt and enhance the fairness of your hands. Cocoa butter works great, too. You can even make some yourself! Take a spa night for yourself and moisturize the hours away. All you need to do is apply a thick coating of cream or hand ointment to your hands and slip on a thick pair of cotton socks over your hands -- and feet, if you'd like! Do this right before bed so you're not wondering, "How the heck am I supposed to type this email?!"...


Use mold remover to kill visible spots of mold. Place air purifiers throughout your home to kill mold in the air. Install filters on air-conditioning units and windows.

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Mold spores in the air are often directly caused by mold growing inside your home. By eliminating spots of visible mold, you will significantly reduce the amount of invisible mold spores in the air.   To identify visible mold, look for fuzzy stains that are black, green, or white in color, in enclosed spaces and rooms with a lot of moisture, such as the basement. Use sprayable mold remover to kill mold on hard surfaces, such as glass or tile. For mold on surfaces that are more difficult to clean, such as drywall, consider seeking professional help. The only way to directly kill mold spores in the air is to use an air purifier. For best results, place purifiers in each room of your house to ensure maximum efficiency in killing the spores.  You can get a quality air purifier at any home improvement store and at most mass retailers. Closely follow the instructions on the air purifier for effective results. Be sure to use air purifiers with HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filters, as these capture more than 99% of particles in the air. If mold spores in the air aren’t being caused by mold growth in the house, they are likely coming in from outside. Place HEPA filters on your air conditioners and windows to prevent outside spores from getting into your house.  Be sure to also keep the air conditioner’s drip pans and drain lines clean and dry so that mold does not grow in them. Pay special attention to your windows if you live in a humid area. Poorly insulated windows can pick up a great deal of condensation, which makes them very hospitable for mold, while open windows allow easy indoor access for mold spores from outside.


Use moringa in salads. Add leaves to smoothies. Include them in sandwiches.

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Choose whatever salad suits your fancy. Then, for each serving, cut out one cup (30 g) of whichever greens the recipe calls for. Then just substitute moringa instead! Try them in:  Garden salads Caesar salads Russian salads As with the salads, simply make whatever smoothie floats your boat. Add a cup (30 g) of moringa leaves to the other ingredients, or use it as a substitute for any other greens that are usually in it. Then blend it all up and enjoy! Grill a hamburger, chicken patties, or  some portobello mushrooms. Whip up some tuna salad, chicken salad, or chickpea salad. Or just use your favorite cold cuts. You get the idea by now: just line whatever type of sandwich you’re hankering for with some moringa leaves and chow down!


Use mosquito nets. Use bug repellent spray. Wear long sleeves and pants. Don't leave out open containers of water. Be cautious around areas where there are outbreaks.

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If you are traveling or living in an area that has outbreaks of chikungunya, take precautions so that you minimize your risk of infection. Protect your sleeping area with a mosquito net treated with insecticide. If you sleep with any part of your body pressed against the net, you may still be at risk of being bitten through the net. Use a product that contains DEET, picaridin, or IR3535 to protect yourself against bug bites. You might also try products that contain oil of lemon eucalyptus or para-menthane-diol. Reapply the spray according to the manufacturer's instructions.  Make sure your bug repellent contains sufficient insecticide to kill mosquitos.  If you're using sunscreen and bug repellent, apply the sunscreen first and then the bug repellent over it. Cover up your body to prevent mosquitos from having access to your skin. Wear long pants and shirts with long sleeves. Uncovered water catchments, cisterns and buckets are breeding grounds for mosquito larvae. Cover these up, especially if you have four or more catchments in a 10-meter radius of your dwelling. Chikungunya is spread by getting bitten by an infected mosquito, “the vector” of the species Aedes, which has caused clustered outbreaks in areas surrounding the Indian Ocean. Outbreaks continue to be a risk until the public health issue of the mosquito problem is better controlled.


Use mulch to smother the weeds. Pull visible weeds in your garden. Make a natural weed killer

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Smothering weed seeds with mulch will hinder their germination and could prevent them from growing all together. Keep your garden or lawn area well mulched in order to prevent weed growth.  Spread the mulch 2 to 4 inches deep to retain moisture and to stop weed growth. Organic mulches like hardwood mulch, shredded bark, pine needles and straw degrade over a couple of months and can provide additional nutrition to your soil.  Another mulching technique is to turn the soil, water it, allow weeds to spout, then stake down a heavy black tarpaulin over the area. The black color of the tarp causes the ground beneath to heat up in the sun and kills the weeds. After a couple of weeks the ground will be sterilized. Pulling weeds from the ground with your hands is the simplest way to rid your garden or lawn of unwanted weeds. Identify weeds as they grow and pull them. You can also opt to sever the roots of the weeds with a knife by stabbing the dirt under the weed where the roots are.  Weeds are easier to pull when the soil is moist. A single dandelion can create 15,000 seeds in a single year, which may lead to additional weeds in your garden. Pull or sever the weeds when they’re young before they can create more seeds. . You can also make your own natural weed killer to help keep weeds at bay. To make a natural weed killer, combine one gallon of white vinegar with one cup of salt and one tablespoon of liquid dish soap. Mix the ingredients well and apply the mixture to weeds during the sunniest part of the day. This is when the natural weed killer will be most effective.


Use mulch. Enjoy the tree as it grows over the years.

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Considering adding a layer of mulch around your tree to help keep moisture in and weeds out.  Cover the planting hole with 1-3 inches (2.5 cm - 7.6 cm) of shredded hardwood or leaf mulch.  Keep the mulch at least 12 inches away from the trunk or it may cause the trunk to rot.  Mulching around the tree will protect the tree from trampling and lawnmowers, which are two activities that commonly kill young trees. Appreciate its shade and beauty and thank yourself for adding another tree to the world. You won't regret it and as long as you properly care for it, the tree can grow a long time!  You’ll need to make sure that you water your plant to keep it thriving. You want to achieve a balance of giving it enough water to penetrate the roots while not drowning it. Watering your tree with a steady stream from a garden hose for about 30 seconds should be sufficient. The soil should feel moist at all times and mulch will help retain the moisture.  Check soil moisture by digging about 2” below the surface and then use your finger to test if soil is moist. If it is, you don’t need to water.


Use nail tabs if you want a more durable hold. Opt for double-sided fashion tape for a temporary look. Trim the tape to fit your nails if you’re using fashion tape.

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Some brands of fake nails come with adhesive tabs instead of glue. These sticky, double-sided tabs are already cut to fit fingernails, and they will often hold for several days. You can also buy nail tabs yourself, either at a beauty supply shop or online. Fashion tape is made to stay in place for a few hours, but it won’t hurt your skin—or your nail—when you pull it away. You can use it to adhere fake nails for up to a day.  This is great if you have a date or a wedding to attend on the weekend, but you need to be able to remove your nails in time for work on Monday! This tape is what people use to help hold up strapless dresses. It usually goes between fabric and your skin. You can find it at department stores, online, or at big box stores. You can also use double-sided wig tape. Since fashion tape comes in a long roll, you’ll need to use scissors to cut the pieces to fit your nail. Your nails are all different sizes, to try to cut each piece to fit an individual nail, rather than cutting them all the same size. If it’s easier, you can stack 2 layers of tape together and cut 2 pieces at the same time. For instance, if you measure the piece for one of your thumbs, you could cut out 2 thumb pieces together, since they’ll probably need to be about the same size.


Use nasal decongestants to relieve sinus symptoms. Use cough suppressants to relieve coughing. Use over-the-counter pain relievers to alleviate headaches, sore throats, and other pain.

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Decongestants will not reduce the duration of your cold, but they may make it easier to tolerate the symptoms. These drugs are available in pill, chewable, and liquid form; you may also consider using steroidal nasal sprays. Decongestants are generally safe to take, provided that you follow the dosage instructions listed on the package. You can find nonprescription decongestants in the aisles of most pharmacies, drugstores, and grocery stores.  The active ingredient in most commercial decongestants is either pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine. Decongestants work by narrowing blood vessels in the lining of the nose. This reduces how much blood flows through the area so that swollen tissue inside the nose shrinks and air can pass through more easily. Do not use decongestant medications for more than 3 days, lest your body becomes dependent on them. If you become dependent on these medicines, your nose may feel even more stuffed up when you quit using them. This is known as the “rebound effect.” You can find over-the-counter cough syrup in most pharmacies and grocery stores, and you can find soothing cough drops--medicated and non-medicated--in the same places. Some cough syrups are designed to facilitate your function in everyday life, while some (such as Nyquil and Z-Quil, and any medicine ending in "PM") will help you sleep when you're coughing keeps you awake.  Dextromethorphan is the primary active ingredient in most cough medicines. It is safe to ingest in moderation, but do not drink more than the recommended dose--especially if the bottle contains the expectorant guaifenesin--and avoid taking it if you are on antidepressants. Consider carrying cough drops around with you throughout the day. Cough syrup lasts much longer than cough drops, but cough drops tend to be herbal, non-medicated relievers that will not make you drowsy. Pain medications will not shorten the duration of your cold, but they may make some of the symptoms more bearable. You should only use these drugs to temporarily relieve severe pain;...


Use natural products instead of alcohol or synthetic ingredients. Be gentle with your hair at all times to avoid damages and breakage. Wrap your hair Use heating styling tools sparingly. Create protective hairstyles to avoid breakage.

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Hair products with harsh ingredients will strip your hair of any natural oils and cause excessive dryness. To prevent this, always use natural ingredients, like coconut, jojoba, or argan oils. These are best for African hair.  Shop for products at beauty or health food stores. You can also use products specifically made for African hair. Avoid products with petroleum or petrolatum. Your hair follicles are fragile after you relax them, so you always want to handle your hair with care. When you apply product, wash your hair, or brush your hair, treat it as if each strand is made of gold. Brush your hair gently, and run your fingers through your hair slowly rather than aggressively.  For example, when combing your hair, you can remove the brush from your hair at the ends, rather than combing all the way through. In addition, you can use wide-tooth combs or brushes rather than brushes with firm, hard bristles. in a silk scarf to keep it protected while you sleep. Wrap your hair around your head following its natural shape, and then place a silk scarf across the top of your head. Gather the ends of the scarf at the back of your head, and secure the scarf with 2 knots to keep it in place. Then, twist the ends of the ponytail several times so it does not come undone. Pull the end of the scarf across your forehead, and tuck it underneath the scarf near your eyebrow.  Silk scarves provide a soft buffer between your hair and your pillowcase. This prevents breakage caused by moving your head in your sleep. This also saves you time in the morning! If you wrap your hair, it will stay straight and tangle-free as you sleep. Frequent use of flat irons and curling irons eventually leads to hair dryness and damages. Use them as minimally as you can, and always use the lowest heat setting if you do decide to use them. Using styling tools occasionally is okay, just make sure to use a heat-protectant serum or spray first. There are countless options for protective hair styles! To find a protective hairstyle, search online and...


Use non sequiturs. Be oddly specific with what you are saying. Learn very specific facts and recite them regularly. Avoid "wandom" words. Speak about yourself in the third person. Make random noises. Use weird voices.

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Non sequitur is Latin for "does not follow" and describes a speaker's failure to construct an argument in a logical manner. This phrase has been used since the time of the Caesars. Today, the word "random" is used in basically this way, referring to the use of non sequitur for comedy.  The word "random" really refers to a process or a decision made without a conscious or systematic choice. True randomness is unplanned, making it somewhat difficult to provide a concrete strategy for "being random." Strictly speaking, a person is not random. A phrase or an action can seem spontaneous or unexpected, but one person is not more or less "random" than another. You can, however, learn to be wacky and spontaneous in the way that people mean when they say "random." It will sound more random, or like you've got some kind of head injury. For example, instead of saying, "A few years ago," be more specific and say, "A few years after the year before ten years ago, I was speaking to the brother of my sister's father (uncle)." Take your figures of speech to extremes. Start thinking of the most obscure, inane, and spectacularly random details under the sun and committing them to memory. The more you've got rattling around in your noggin', the more random you'll be able to be.  Don't use regular colors, like "blue," use "eggshell," or "dioxazine violet." Look through Liquitex paint names for ideas; a favorite of theirs is "hookers green" in your writing and your speech. And yes, those are real colors. The next time someone asks you to pick a number between one and ten, answer with something like "pi", "e", or "the square root of seven." "Wandom" means "wannabe random," and it can be extremely heartbreaking that someone would feel the need to invent this term. This is usually formerly random material that has been overused and is just not random anymore. Strictly speaking, anything that you've used for joke purposes before can only be "random" once. Wandom words include pickle, chicken, monkey, dino, penguin, purple, pie,...


Use non-academic sources as a starting point. Identify locations of likely sources. Search for books and scholarly articles. Get a research librarian to assist you. Keep organized notes on each of your sources. Synthesize your information and tie up loose ends. Craft your thesis statement based on what you've found.

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Books, as well as newspaper and magazine articles, can increase your familiarity with your topic. They may also introduce you to academic sources and experts whose work you can seek out.  Documentary films can also serve as good introductory sources. You won't necessarily be referencing any of these sources in your project, you're simply using them to get a better feel for your topic, the experts in the field, and the sources available. Based on your preliminary research, determine what kind of sources are most likely to have information that will help you answer your research question. In most cases, you'll use a mixture of books, scholarly articles, and online sources.  For example, if you're researching history, your likely sources will be published books and scholarly articles by historians. If you're researching the development of smart phones, on the other hand, you'll probably find most of your sources online or in tech magazines. You may need to use a university or specialty library, which likely has resources that aren't available at libraries open to the general public. Contact the library you want to use to find out how you can gain access. Published books and scholarly articles are typically preferred sources for academic research. Retrieving sources typically involves making a trip to the library. You may be able to use the catalogue on the library's website to request titles before you go.  Depending on your topic, it may be possible to do all of your research online. This is likely if you're researching something trendy or cutting edge, such as a new tech development. Many scholarly articles can be found in electronic databases. University libraries typically allow free access to these databases for students and faculty. Research librarians are specifically trained to find sources of information. They can help locate books, articles, and other sources of information that you may not have been able to find on your own.  In the library, look for the desk called the "research desk" or "reference...


Use non-verbal cues to communicate your wishes. Ask politely then move seats at movie theaters. Create a peaceful seating area on an airplane. Ask for peace so you can heal at hospitals. Quiet a cough at a stage play. Pick the right pew at church.

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Most people know the universal signs for telling someone to be quiet. They include: putting your finger in front of your mouth, or holding one or both hands out in front of you and motioning them downward. Once you make eye contact with a person, try one out. They are effective and require a minimal amount of effort and will avoid unwanted confrontation. You’ve paid for your ticket, found a seat and the lights go out. The reminders to be quiet play on the screen, but there are people who disregard them. Anytime you choose to ask a person to be quiet, you have a 50-50 chance of succeeding.   An anonymous, “Shhh” is always a quick fix. Using this tactic in a darkened movie theater will likely keep you safe from a confrontation. The person will not know who did it. Hopefully the person will think it represents what the entire crowd wants and he will succumb to peer pressure.  If the theatre is full, politely ask the person, “Is there any way you could either talk softer or not at all while the movie is playing? We would all appreciate it.” Then say to the others sitting around you, “Wouldn’t we?” Hopefully the people sitting by you will support your efforts and desire for a quiet movie theater. If the theater isn’t full, then move to another seat. Again, it’s not worth getting into a conflict with someone. If your goal is to have quiet on an airplane, you must be ready to make your own silence. Being in ever-shrinking close quarters sitting next to people you don’t know for an extended period of time, calls for quiet conditions.  There are subtle and not so subtle ways to ensure a quiet trip.  Closing your eyes while in your seat will stop others from talking to you and you can get the quiet you desire. Use earplugs or listening devices and plug them into a laptop, phone, or the earphone jack provided in the armrest of your seat. Focus your eyes on a magazine or book. It will send a message that you want to be left alone to read. Ironically, the noise in hospitals is not conducive to healing.  Sick and ailing...


Use notecards or a screen instead of sheets of paper. Focus on the audience, not on yourself. Present confident body language Control your gestures. Pause to calm mounting anxiety. Avoid wearing noisy jewelry.

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If your hands always shake while you present, you don't want to be holding a standard piece of paper. When your hand shakes, paper crinkles and amplifies your tremor. Instead, use small note cards, or read off a screen that is open on the podium or table in front of you. If you focus on yourself, you'll get self-conscious and feel more nervous. Instead, focus on delivering your message to the audience. Look at their faces if you can see them. Smile, and act emotionally engaged in what you are saying. You'll get their attention, and you'll also distract them from any shaking you might be doing. If the crowd is smaller, try bantering a little with them. Ask questions, or tell a joke or an anecdote. . Instead of focusing on the part of your body that shakes, focus on your posture and presentation. Face the audience fully. Stand as straight as you can, as if a string were pulling you up from the crown of your head. Relax your shoulders. You don't need to gesticulate wildly to emphasize every point. Instead, keep your hands resting lightly on the podium beside you, or relaxed (as much as you can) by your side. When you have a big point to make, make a single, simple gesture. If your hands are shaking and distracting you, take a break from using them. Clasp them behind your back, or tuck them in your pockets. Check in with yourself as you go. Notice if your shakiness gets worse, or if you start to feel dizzy, confused, or blank. If any anxiety symptoms arise, take a pause. Breathe deeply, take a sip of water, and remind yourself that you're okay. It can help to address yourself by name in your head. Think, "Okay, James, calm down." If you shake a lot, you don't want to wear clanking bracelets, watches, or anything else that will make noise. Confine yourself to some rings or a nice necklace or tie. If your tend to tap your toes nervously, wear shoes that won't make too much noise.


Use nutritional yeast in place of cheese in recipes. Make pizza with nutritional yeast. Whip up some vegan cheesy mashed potatoes.

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Many vegan sauces, especially those with cheese in them, use nutritional yeast as a substitute. Replace equal amounts of nutritional yeast for shredded cheese in recipes.  For non-dairy versions of cheesy dishes, like cheesy rice, cheesy pasta, or cheesy vegetables, mix in nutritional yeast to the food immediately after it is removed from the heat. If the dish is dry, drizzle olive oil over it before mixing in the yeast. When preparing a store bought or homemade pizza, leave out the cheese. Instead, lightly sprinkle nutritional yeast on top of the pizza. When the pizza comes out of the oven, the yeast will have melted to a cheesy consistency. Make mashed potatoes as you would normally. When the potatoes are well mashed, mix in nutritional yeast. The more yeast you use, the nuttier the flavor and the stringier the consistency.   You may be able to achieve a richer consistency in your “cheesy” mashed potatoes by adding a tablespoon (15 ml) of butter to the potatoes. Adding butter will make the mashed potatoes not vegan or dairy-free, so you could add oil instead to keep it vegan. Dishes of a similar consistency to mashed potatoes, like scrambled eggs, can also be made into vegan-friendly “cheesy” recipes in the same fashion described for mashed potatoes.


Use one hand to gently separate the buttocks with the thumb and forefinger, so you can see the rectum. Hold the thermometer in place with one hand on the buttocks. Remove the thermometer carefully when the thermometer beeps or signals. Clean the thermometer thoroughly before storing it.

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With your other hand, carefully insert the thermometer into the rectum, only one-half to one inch. 1⁄2 to 1 inch (1.3 to 2.5 cm).  The thermometer should be pointed toward the person’s belly button. Stop if you feel any resistance. Use the other hand to comfort the patient and prevent them from moving around. It is important the patient remain still while the thermometer is inserted so they don't get hurt during the procedure.  If the patient moves around too much, it may cause an inaccurate reading or injury to the rectum. Never leave a baby or an older patient unattended with a thermometer inside the rectum. Read the temperature and record it. Temperatures taken rectally generally read as 0.5 - 1 degree F (0.3-0.6 C) higher than temperatures taken orally. As you remove the thermometer, be sure the disposable sleeve is removed from the patient's rectum, if you used one on the thermometer. Use soapy water or apply rubbing alcohol to the thermometer. Dry it and store it in its packaging so it is ready to use next time, and make sure to  mark it for rectal use only.


Use online flight trackers to find cheap plane tickets. Rely on inexpensive public transit when you visit a city. Take your car or rent a vehicle for a picturesque road trip. Use ride-sharing apps like Uber or Lyft for quick, easy rides. Take a train ride through Southern California to visit several major cities.

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If you’re traveling to California from another state, a cheap flight is probably your best option. Check online services like SkyScanner or TripAdvisor to compare flight prices and find the cheapest dates to fly in. Typically, the cheapest times to travel are months in spring and fall, such as October, early December, and the whole month of January. Using public transit cuts down on gas money as well as parking fees, which can add up quickly in metro areas. Luckily, almost all major cities and large towns in California have reliable public transportation systems, and rides usually only cost around $1-3.  If you’re in San Francisco, you can even take a ride on a historic streetcar or an iconic cable car! Popular public transport companies include Los Angeles’ LA Metro, as well as San Francisco’s BART and SamTrans. Remember that if you’re staying outside of the metro area, public transit may be limited to evening or weekend services only. You’ll have to pay for gas, but in most cases, this is much cheaper than a plane ticket. Driving through the state also offers much more flexibility, since you have the opportunity to stop whenever you want. Take the scenic route and drive down the Pacific Coast Highway, which features cliff-side ocean views. Go the full 656 miles from Leggett to Dana Point, or try a short 4-5 hour stretch, such as the popular section between Monterey and Morro Bay. You probably wouldn’t use this option for traveling long distances, but these apps are the perfect way to get a short ride in the city. Download either Uber or Lyft onto your smartphone, then arrange a ride with a driver. They’ll drive their personal vehicle to your location and take you to your chosen destination.  Fares and times differ depending on traffic conditions, but for areas like San Francisco, a ride from the city to the outlying suburbs generally last 30 minutes and costs around $30-40. For cheaper fares, use a budget-friendly carpooling service like Lyft Line and Uber Pool. Trains like the Amtrak Pacific Surfliner let...


Use online lessons to practice your skills. Find a good textbook. Read as much as you can in Hindi. Watch movies in Hindi. Attend Indian cultural events. Find friends who speak Hindi.

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There are several universities that offer free online lessons. Find audio and video lessons whenever possible so that you can hear the language being spoken.  North Carolina State University offers a series of 24 video lessons that include instruction on script, vocabulary, grammar, and culture, as well as exercises and quizzes.  The University of Pennsylvania offers a series of 20 audio lessons that cover the basics of Hindi grammar. Once you become familiar with the basics of Hindi vocabulary and grammar, you'll need a more in-depth source to learn the more complicated elements of the language. Try to find a textbook that includes audio elements if possible.  Rupert Snell's Teach Yourself Hindi course and book is highly recommended for beginners and includes audio.  Elementary Hindi by Richard Delacy and Sudha Joshi comprises a textbook and workbook with audio CD. Sonia Taneja's Practice Makes Perfect Basic Hindi is a workbook full of exercises to help you build on existing knowledge and practice concepts such as conjugation. Fortunately, there is a wealth of online resources available in Hindi, including newspapers, blogs, and social media. There is also a tradition of Hindi literature dating back to the 760s CE, full of poets, philosophers, and religious writers.   Dainik Jagaran is the most popular Hindi newspaper in India. Other important newspapers published in Hindi include Hindustan, Dainik Bhaskar, and Rajasthan Patrika. The BBC also has a BBC India site.  The Parikalpana Award is an annual award given to Indian blogs, much like the Bloggie Awards in English.  As in most other places, popular social media in India include Facebook, Linkedin, and Twitter. Visiting social media pages in Hindi will give you an accessible “in” to the language and to popular cultural topics. Prominent authors in Hindi literature include Chanda Bardai, author of the Prathviraj Rasau (12th century); Kabir (14th century), a devotional author; poet Ganga Das (1823-1913); novelist Munshi Premchand (19th century); Dharmavir...


Use online research tools. Incorporate block quotes. Cite everything. Use graphics and images. Wield a thesaurus for impressive vocabulary.

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Once you have your base paper, use Internet resources to your benefit. Find quotes and research papers from experts on sites such as Google Scholar or Digital Dissertations. Weaving in bits of information and block quotes can bolster your argument and fill out your paper even more. As you scour the Internet for research on your topic, look out for beautiful quotes or bits of information. You can paraphrasing or weave them into your paper as a separate block quote. Paraphrasing and block quotes can easily and quickly increase the amount of writing in your paper, getting you closer to the word (or page) limit—and end of your panic! Citations are an important part of any paper that legitimate your work. Cite every fact, quote or block quote you use in the paper. Cite several different works from the same person, which can further beef up your paper. Citations tactics not only can quickly enlarge your paper, but also minimizes the risk of plagiarism. Find pictures and statistical graphics that support or are marginally relevant to your paper topic. Write a couple of separate paragraphs about each graphic or image you use in the paper. The image and your explanation of it can take up a considerable amount of space in the paper, making it easy to BS your way through the writing assignment. Make the thesaurus your best friend while you write. Search for longer synonyms for words and phrases that fluff out your paper even more. Using different words and phrases can be the difference in space of  “the ways in which” for “how” and “reinforcing patriarchal seigneurial norms” instead of “men rule.” In addition, creative use of vocabulary may distract your professor from other issues with the paper. See sentence examples of how those fancy words are used before you use them. You do not want to misuse a word!


Use only low or neutral pH detergent on leather. Use baking soda on vinyl. Finish with a protectant made for the material.

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Use a mild dish soap in cool water to blot at stains on leather. Or use a cleaner specifically intended for leather instead.  Try stirring dish soap and water together vigorously until suds is formed. Then dab just the suds onto the coffee stain to avoid over-saturating the leather, and wipe clean with a dry cloth.  Don’t use a brush to work cleaner into leather fabric, as it can wear down the leather or work the cleaner into the seams and underlying cushion. Add water to baking soda to apply to a coffee stain on vinyl car seats. Work it in very gently with a toothbrush or a larger soft brush, then blot dry with a clean cloth. Avoid using cleaners with an oil or mineral base on vinyl, as these can make vinyl harden and crack or feel stiff. Condition sensitive fabrics like vinyl and leather after cleaning a stain. This is necessary to prevent drying and cracking that can result from the cleaner chemicals or scrubbing action.  Find these conditioners in stores with auto supplies, or in cleaning supplies meant for upholstery. Many solutions meant to condition leather and vinyl will also help to prevent or lessen the severity of future stains, so it’s an important step not to be skipped in the cleaning process.


Use only well-formulated, gentle skin-care products. Exfoliate with AHA or BHA. Use a sunscreen or moisturizer that has SPF 25+ every day. Use products with antioxidant Vitamin C and retinol. Use skin lighteners. Consider medical help. Ask your doctor if you should use prescription medication.

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It's tempting to try different scrubs to get rid of discoloration, but they can tear into the skin, giving your skin a hard time to heal. Instead, use gentle facial products like a Hydralight gel face cleanser.  Apply a small amount of the cleanser to a slightly wet face and eye area. Use vigorous, yet gentle, circular motions to apply to the skin. Rinse well. To remove heavy makeup, repeat or use with a clean, wet washcloth. AHA (alpha hydroxy acids) comes from fruits, nuts, milk or sugars. They break down the bonds between cells, allowing for easier exfoliation. BHA or salicylic acid is found in willow tree bark, wintergreen oil, or sweet birch. Salicylic acid is able to penetrate the oils in the skin and clear out follicles of excess debris and skin cells. It is also a potent anti-inflammatory agent that reduces redness.  Apply a dime-sized amount over the entire face but avoid direct contact with the eyes and lips. Do not rinse.  Use once or twice daily after cleansing and toning. For daytime use apply a sunscreen rated SPF 25 or higher Unprotected exposure to UV light hurts your skin's ability to heal. This means the red marks from acne can last longer or even worsen. UV exposure damages skin cells, slowing down the healing process. Protecting your skin from UV exposure every day is critical to fading discolorations.  Use sunscreen as the last step in your morning skincare routine. Reapply at least every 2 hours if skin is exposed to sun. These two ingredients help defend skin from further damage, while also speeding up the ability for cells to repair damage. These help reduce inflammation and give discolorations a shorter time to heal. Use a toner, serum, and/or moisturizer formulated with a variety of these ingredients.  Apply after cleansing, toning and exfoliating. Avoid using around the lips and eyes. May be applied at the same time as your AHA or BHA. Some people may experience a delayed sensitized reaction to retinol. Do not assume that if no reaction is seen after a few applications that you can...


Use oral retinoids. Try methotrexate. Ask a doctor about skin injections.

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Retinoids also come in oral form and, due to the medication's relation to Vitamin A, they can reduce the production of skin cells. This helps slow the scaling and flaking associated with psoriasis.  Usually, oral retinoids are prescribed if your psoriasis does not respond to other treatment options. The main downside is that symptoms of psoriasis often return when treatment ceases.  Hair loss and lip inflammation may occur while on oral retinoids. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not take oral retinoids as they can cause severe birth defects. Methotrexate tablets help reduce psoriasis by decreasing skin cell production. They also reduce inflammation.  In low doses, most patients experience minimal side effects on methotrexate. An upside to the medication is that it can stall psoriatic arthritis in some patients.  Side effects may include upset stomach, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Longterm use is not recommended, however, as severe side effects such as liver damage and decreased production of red and white blood cells can occur if the medication is used too long.  Topical application of liposomal methotrexate hydrogel is scientifically proven to be quite effective compared to conventional medication. As many oral medication carry heavy risk of side effects and cannot be used long term, injections might be an option if your psoriasis does not respond to other treatments.  Enbrel, infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira) and ustekinumab (Stelara) are all given by intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular injection. Usually, your doctor will only recommend such procedures if your psoriasis does not respond to other therapies and is causing arthritis.  Biologically, such treatments should block interaction between certain cells in order to reduce skin inflammation.  If you are taking these medications, you will probably be screened for tuberculosis as the meds have a strong effect on the immune system. They are usually a last resort effort and should only be used with extreme caution and under...


Use ordinals to put things in order. Make ordinals agree with the thing they describe. Maintain gender agreement with abbreviations. Create multiples similar to English. Change the word form to create verbs and adverbs.

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Cardinal numbers are used to count things, or describe the number of things there are. Ordinal numbers, on the other hand, describe the placement of something in an ordered list, such as the placement of runners who finished a race. As in English, the lowest ordinals, such as primero (first), and segundo (second), typically are used the most. Since ordinals are used in a sentence as adjectives, they must use the same gender form as the thing they describe. You do this by changing the o at the end of the ordinal to an a. For example, if you were referring to "the second house" on a street, you would write "la segunda casa." In English, you've probably seen ordinals abbreviated as "1st" or "2nd." Ordinals can be abbreviated in Spanish too. For example, "1st" in Spanish would be written 1ª if the first thing is a feminine noun, and 1º to describe a masculine noun. Multiples are words such as "double" or "triple" that indicate a multiplication of a number. These words are vary similar to the words in English – for example, "double" in Spanish is "doble" – so they should be fairly easy to learn and remember if English is your first language.  All but the first seven multiples are created by adding the suffix -plo to the root of the cardinal number word. Be careful of accent marks, which indicate which syllable should be stressed. The first seven ordinals also have forms that end with the -plo suffix (such as "duplo" and "triplo"), but they are seldom used by Spanish speakers. In Spanish as in English, you might want to use multiples as a verb (doubled or tripled) or as an adverb (doubly or triply). To form these words in Spanish, you must change the word form.  To create a verb, change the -plo suffix to -plicar. To do this with the first seven multiples, you'll have to use that seldom-used -plo form. For example, "to double" in Spanish would be "duplicar." To create an adverb, you simply use the standard adverbial suffix -mente – similar to adding an -ly to form an adverb in English. For example, "triply" would...


Use oregano cough syrups. Take oregano oil for colds and coughs. Use oregano oil only when sick. Know the medicinal properties of oregano oil.

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The oregano cough syrup can be taken orally. Take a spoonful as often as you need for coughs or sore throats. Don’t give the cough syrup to children under a year old because of the honey. Oregano oil can be taken orally for any cold or cough symptoms. If you have a dropper, you can take two droppers full if you feel any cold symptoms coming on, including a cough. Another way to use oregano oil for coughs is to take three to five drops daily when you have a cough. You can put the oil in water, tea, orange juice, or directly into your mouth. Some people take oregano oil daily for a general boost. Most people believe you should only take it when you are sick. Oregano oil is considered a powerfully effective herbal remedy, so taking it when you feel a cold or cough coming on, and while you are sick, helps emphasize the effectiveness of the oil. Oregano oil is an anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial agent. It also is considered a natural pain reliever. Oregano is believed to fight coughs, colds, congestion, sinusitis, allergies, arthritis, sore muscles, tooth aches, burns, ear infections, insect bites, and digestive issues like diarrhea.


Use oven baked polymer clay. Purchase air-drying clay. Buy pottery clay.

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This clay is very popular with hobbyists for its durability and versatility. Once you form your pot, you can easily cure the pot by baking it in your oven. However, polymer clay is not food safe. If you make a pinch pot out of this clay, you won’t be able to eat or drink out of it.  Polymer clay can damage wooden or varnished surfaces in your home. If you choose to use this clay, cover your workspace with a towel or plastic bag.  This clay can be purchased online or at a craft store. Air-drying clay cures on its own without having to be baked in the oven or fired in a kiln. You can also paint a varnish onto the surface to make it safe for dry foods. However, this type of clay can’t be submerged or filled with a liquid as it will disintegrate. This clay can be purchased online, at a craft store, and at some professional pottery supply stores. If you want to make a durable, food and drink safe pinch pot, you need to use pottery clay. This kind of clay can be intimidating to beginners as you have to fire it in a kiln to cure it. However, many professional pottery supply stores also provide kiln services. Simply drop off your pottery, wait a few days, and pick it up again once it’s been fired.  Talk to a store representative to choose a particular clay and to learn about their firing services. If you’re planning on glazing your pot to make it food safe, you will have to purchase a glaze as well. A store representative can help you choose the right glaze for your needs.


Use over-the-counter medication for fevers caused by colds and flu. Try taking a bath in lukewarm water. Drink water. Take supplements to boost immune health. Administer "wet socks treatment" at home. Cool children's bodies if necessary.

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Taking an over-the-counter medication is one of the fastest and easiest ways to get rid of a fever. If your fever is from a viral infection, then it may be difficult to treat. Viruses live in the cells of the body and reproduce rapidly. They do not respond to antibiotics. You can, however, take medication to try to manage your body's fever response, no matter what the cause.  Try taking acetaminophen (Tylenol) or aspirin to help bring down your fever. Make sure that you follow the instructions on the package and do not exceed the recommended dosage. Don't give aspirin to children, because it can cause Reye's syndrome if they have viral infections. Acetaminophen is a safer option. Look for "children's" formulas, and follow dosage instructions carefully. Bathing or showering in lukewarm water may also help to cool down your body faster as well. Fill the bathtub with lukewarm water or adjust your shower until the water is lukewarm. Soak in the tub or stand in the shower for 10 to 15 minutes to help cool down your body. Do not take a freezing cold shower or add ice to the bath to bring down your fever. Just stick to lukewarm water to gently reduce your fever. A fever can dehydrate you and this may make matters worse. Make sure that you drink plenty of water to help your body combat the fever and keep yourself well-hydrated as well.   Kids may also need to drink an electrolyte fluid, such as Pedialyte, to help replenish lost electrolytes. Ask your child's pediatrician first to see if this is necessary. Gatorade or Powerade are also an option. You may want to cut these with water to reduce the sugar and calorie content. Supplements can fill nutritional needs, helping your body fight the cause of fever. Taking multivitamins will not fight the fever directly, but it will strengthen your body so it can fight.  Take a multivitamin with vitamins A, C, E, and B-complex vitamins, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and selenium. Take one or two capsules or teaspoons of fish oil every day for the omega-3 fatty acids. You can also...


Use oxygenated bleach on a wood fence. Remove mold and algae with chlorine bleach. Use a commercial wood cleaner. Use white vinegar to remove mildew.

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Mix together an oxygen bleach powder, like Oxiclean, according to the manufacturer's directions. Apply the mixture to a water dampened fence with a large painter’s brush, leave it for 15 minutes and then scrub the surface with a plastic, bristle scrub brush. Rinse the mixture and any remaining residue with a garden hose. Get rid of green residue from algae or mold by mixing two parts water to one part chlorine bleach.  Add a teaspoon of dish soap for extra cleaning power and scrub grime away with a bristle brush. Concentrate and use a little elbow grease on stained areas. Rinse your wood fence off thoroughly after you scrub all areas down. You can also buy a pre-mixed cleaning solution to clean your wood fence by hand. Go to your local hardware or home improvement store and look for a cleaner specifically for wood. They will often be geared towards wood fences and decks. Follow specific instructions given by the product's manufacturer. Mix 1⁄2 cup (120 mL) white vinegar to one gallon of warm water to remove unsightly mildew or moss. Apply the mixture with a sponge, let it sit for 15 minutes and scrub your fence with a bristle brush. Rinse with water from a garden hose thoroughly afterward.


Use pH balanced vaginal wipes as needed during the day. Change your pad, tampon, or cup frequently to avoid leaks and odor. Avoid douches and feminine deodorants. Wash your hands

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You can purchase special disposable cleansing wipes that are meant for your vagina. These are pH balanced to ensure that they won’t cause irritation or promote an infection. Wipe the outer areas of your vagina with a wipe going from front to back.  If you don’t have any wipes, you could also use a washcloth with plain warm water to wipe your vagina. Then, rinse the cloth in warm water several times and place it with your dirty laundry. Make sure that the wipes are unscented. Perfumes can cause irritation. These wipes are usually available in the feminine hygiene section in grocery and drug stores. Not changing your feminine hygiene product often enough can result in leaks, which can stain your underwear and clothing and may also cause an odor. Check your pad, tampon, or cup every time you sue the restroom and change it as needed. These products can disrupt the pH balance of your vagina, which may lead to an infection. It’s normal for your vagina to have a slight odor to it. However, if the odor is strong or if it bothers you, see a gynecologist. A strong, fishy odor can sometimes indicate an infection, such as bacterial vaginosis. before and after changing feminine hygiene products. Dirty hands can introduce harmful bacteria into your vagina, so it’s a good idea to wash them before you check your pad, tampon, or cup. Then, wash your hands after changing your feminine hygiene product to avoid spreading the bacteria to other areas.


Use pain relieving medications to help with lameness. Give your horse aspirin for mild pain. Use phenylbutazone to reduce pain and fever. Get a prescription for flunixin to reduce pain and inflammation. Be aware of the possible side effects of NSAIDs.

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Pain relief has an important role to play in the treatment of lameness. Modern painkillers (analgesics) have a dual action of reducing pain and inflammation, and belong to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory group of drugs (NSAIDS).  NSAIDs work by inhibiting the action of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX1 and COX2). It is the COX enzymes that release prostaglandins that cause inflammation and pain. By blocking COX enzymes the mediators of inflammation (prostaglandins) are reduced and so pain is reduced. The most commonly used NSAID pharmaceuticals for the relief of bone and joint problems in the horse are aspirin, flunixin, and phenylbutazone. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is effective against mild pain, swelling, and discomfort. Some aspirin products are available over the counter from pharmacies which makes them a useful first option treatment for mild lameness.  AniPrin contains powdered acetylsalicylic acid mixed with a palatable molasses flavor base, designed to be mixed into the horse's feed. The dose is 10mg/kg once daily. For a 500kg horse this equates to 5,000mg (or 5 grams) of AniPrin.  Two scoops are supplied with the product: the larger measures out 28.35grams, and the smaller 3.75grams. Thus, a typical 500kg horse requires 1.5 small scoops of AniPrin once daily on food. Never give aspirin to a horse that is taking other medications without first consulting your vet, and always provide a plentiful supply of fresh water. Commonly known as "bute" amongst horse owners, phenylbutazone reduces pain and fever. Phenylbutazone is a prescription NSAID and needs to be prescribed by your vet. It should not be used in combination with other NSAIDs, steroids, or given on an empty stomach.  Phenylbutazone interacts with some medications (such as phenytoin, sulfonamides, warfarin, barbiturates, and digoxin) so always speak to your vet before starting treatment.  A typical equine preparation is of phenylbutazone is Butazolidin. The dose for a 454kg horse is 2 to 4grams once a day with or after food. It is available...


Use papaya and apricot. Rub lemon juice on your birthmark. Try tomato juice. Try using olive oil to lighten a birthmark. Apply ice packs to your skin. Rub vitamin A cream on to your skin. Apply vitamin E oil to your birthmark. Try kojic acid.

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Papaya contains the enzyme papain, which exfoliates the skin by uncovering new cells and bringing these new cells to the surface of the skin, giving it a lighter appearance. You can get papaya soaps and creams, which you can apply to your birthmark 2 to 3 times a day. Apricots also contain enzymes that may lighten birthmarks in some individuals, and there are a number of apricot skin scrubs on the market. Alternatively, use fresh fruit and apply slices of the fruit directly onto the birthmark for 10 minutes. Repeat daily and rinse off the fruit juice with warm water. Healthcare practitioners believe that the citric acid in lemon juice may have a potent bleaching compound which can help lighten the birthmark on your skin. Lemon juice has been used traditionally to lighten areas of skin. This bleaching effect becomes stronger in the sun, though it is advisable to stay out of the sun while the lemon juice is on your skin because there is no way to predict how much of a bleaching effect the combination of sun and lemon juice might have. To use lemon juice:  Cut a lemon in half using a knife. Apply the lemon juice directly to the birthmark while squeezing it. Make sure to cover the entire area for at least 10 minutes and then wash thoroughly with warm water. Pat the area dry with a clean towel. Repeat this process 3 times a day. Apply lemon slices to the area of the birthmark if you prefer. Leave the lemon slices on for 10 minutes. Rinse off the lemon juice with warm water when done. Repeat daily. Tomato juice is slightly acidic and contains high levels of antioxidants which can, in theory, react with skin pigments and lighten the birthmark. Like lemons, it seems that tomatoes may have antioxidant properties that can help to minimize skin damage. It also may have a natural bleaching property similar to the citric acid found in lemon juice. To use a tomato to lighten your birthmark:  Take the juice of a fresh-cut tomato and apply it directly to the pigmented birthmark. Apply the juice for at least 10 minutes and...


Use parchment paper to make brownies and cakes so they don’t stick. Keep your counters clean by decorating baked goods on parchment. Line a baking sheet to keep cookies from sticking. Cut 5 inches (13 cm) squares to put in the bottom of muffin tins. Fashion a pastry bag out of parchment paper to decorate baked goods.

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Cut a piece of parchment paper to fit the bottom of a baking tray. Make it long enough so that the edges of the paper extend over the lip of the tray 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm). Cut a second piece of parchment paper to go the opposite direction across the tray so that all the edges are covered. Pour the batter in on top of the parchment paper. When the brownies or cake are done cooking, simply lift the parchment paper out of the baking tray to easily remove the baked goods.  For a round cake tin, cut a circle of parchment paper for the bottom of the tray, and then grease or butter the sides of the tin like you normally would. To keep the parchment paper itself from slipping, spray just a little bit of cooking spray or add some grease to the corners. This will make the parchment paper stick to the sheet or tray, and it won’t move when you start adding batter or cookies to it. When you need to drizzle sauces or decorate baked goods with sprinkles, lay them out on parchment paper before you begin. After you’ve finished decorating things, simply throw away the parchment paper. For extra help containing those sprinkles, lay the parchment paper on a baking sheet that has an edge around it. That way the sprinkles will stay on the parchment paper and in the baking sheet, no matter what. The next time you bake cookies, cut a piece of parchment paper to fit the bottom of your baking sheet. Place the cookies on the parchment paper, and then cook them as you normally would. The parchment paper distributes the heat to the cookies more evenly, keeps the bottoms from burning, and prevents the cookies from spreading too wide as they bake. When making muffins, cut out a parchment square for each individual tin. Place a square into each tin, and then press them down with a thin glass, so that the bottom creases around the edges of the tin. Then pour in your batter and cook the muffins according to the recipe. When the muffins are done baking, you should be able to turn them out easily onto a clean linen towel and peel the...


Use parentheses at the end of the phrase you are citing. Note the author’s full last name. Include the date the website content was published. End with a period outside the parentheses.

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Always start the in-text citation with parentheses after the phrase you are quoting. The in-text citation should appear at the end of a sentence to adhere to APA style guidelines. For example, you may write: “Mortality rates are increasing for infants in the United States (Healey, 2001).” Look for the last name of the author of the website you are citing. The author’s name may be listed on the top or bottom of the website or on the article you are citing on the website. List the author’s full last name first in your in-text citation. For example, you may write: “Mortality rates are increasing for infants in the United States (Johnson)” or “The abstract painting was sold to an anonymous buyer (Marshall).” Check the top or bottom header on the website for a publishing date or the date the website was recently updated. Some academic articles on websites will list the date published under the author’s name. Put a comma between the author’s name and the date in the citation. For example, you may write: “Mortality rates are increasing for infants in the United States (Johnson, 2002)” or “The abstract painting was sold to an anonymous buyer (Marshall, 2017).” This will ensure the sentence ends properly and the in-text citation is complete. For example, you may write: “Mortality rates are increasing for infants in the United States (Johnson, 2002).”


Use pasta water for bread. Cook rice in leftover pasta water. Loosen thick sauce with pasta water. Use the water as broth in soups.

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As pasta water retains some starch and flavor from the pasta, it can be used in bread. If your bread recipe calls for water, save your pasta water in the fridge. Later, when you make bread, you can use the leftover pasta water instead of tap water. Pasta water can add some flavor and richness to rice. Instead of boiling rice in tap water, use your leftover pasta water in rice. If you're making a big meal, it can be easy to simply transfer your pasta water to another pot when you're done cooking. You can then bring that water to a boil and use it to cook rice. If you're making your own pasta sauce, you don't have to let your pasta water go to waste. If your sauce is a little too thick, throw in a splash of pasta water. This will lighten up your sauce, making it easier to spread, while adding some flavor from the noodles. Pasta water will have some starch and flavor from the pasta. If you also boiled some vegetables with the pasta, it will have that flavor as well. Therefore, it can be great to use as a broth in soups. Instead of using vegetable or chicken stock, substitute these ingredients with leftover pasta water. This is especially good if you're watching your sodium intake. Soup broths can be very high in sodium. Replacing them with leftover pasta water will greatly cut down on your sodium intake.


Use people-search web services. Search for family members through social media. Follow up with a call or message.

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There are a number of web services through which you can find names, addresses, ages, and records: marriage, employment, and legal histories. Some sites are free, and some charge a small service fee. Compare low-cost and no-cost search options, and find something that suits your purposes. You can also run a reverse phone number search if you have a phone number that's connected to your family member.  Try a White Page search through Metacrawler's http://metacrawler.intelius.com/ page. This can be a useful tool if you think you know the town or a few possible towns where your family member might be living. Use commercial websites such as http://www.publicpeoplefinder.com/Family-Member-Finder.shtml, http://www.ussearch.com/others/consumer/services/findFamilyMembers.html, or http://www.ancestry.com/. You usually need to pay a service charge to use these websites, but they also tend to give you more information than free sites. Check out free people-search websites like FamilySearch.org, which is a service provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Check out the free resources at http://www.myheritage.com/family-tree-builder?gclid=CMGsrLq-_qcCFYS8KgodpGINqQ. You can search for people on Facebook, Google Plus, Twitter, Instagram, and most other networks, although you may need to search through long lists of people with common names. You may be able to refine your search if you know the person's email address, their community, or their schools.  If you are looking for a specific person, search for his or her full name. Try searching for nicknames and variations in addition to full legal names. For example, if you are trying to find Bob Shovels, try searching for "Robert" and "Bobby" in addition to "Bob". Search for any variations that you know a person has used. If you suspect that someone you know might be Facebook friends with the person you are trying to find, try looking through their friend list. It is possible to de-index your profile from the Facebook search tool, so just because you cannot...


Use personal service. Employ “substituted service”. Utilize “conspicuous service” if necessary. Mail copies of the papers to all tenants included in the notice.

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This is universally considered the best procedure for serving an eviction notice on a tenant. You literally hand the papers to the tenant, so there’s no dispute as to whether or not he or she received them. As mentioned above, it’s advisable to have a witness if anyone other than a professional process server does the job. This helps you to prove that service was made in case a tenant refuses to admit that he or she received the papers. Depending on your state laws, this is usually permitted if you’ve been unable to deliver the papers directly to the tenant. In many states, substituted service is the name given to the procedure of hand-delivering the eviction papers to someone in the tenant's residence other than the actual tenant.  In some states, you may only be allowed to serve the papers on an adult at the residence.  Other states may permit service on a person of suitable age and discretion (basically someone who would be considered “responsible”) who lives or works in the tenant’s home. In other words, it can’t be a stranger or visitor and certainly not a young child. This method of serving the eviction notice is more commonly known by the slang “nail and mail.”   The "nail and mail" process involves affixing the notice of eviction to the door of the tenant’s premises or slipping it under the door of the residence. Determine how your local law applies, particularly when this type of service can be used. Many times it’s not allowed unless you’ve exhausted attempts at using the other methods of serving the papers. You’ll need to mail a copy of the eviction notice to the tenant(s) if you used the “nail and mail” method and some states may also require you to mail the notice if you used substituted service.   Send any mailings by certified mail - return receipt requested (RRR) and also by regular mail. Although many states will specify this, do it even if it’s not mandated.  With certified mail RRR, you’ll have the return receipt as proof of delivery. If the tenant is dodging the notice, the certified mail...


Use persuasive hand gestures. Use hand gestures to aid in memorization. Use hand gestures to recall information.

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You can give off an air of authority and be more convincing by using hand gestures to seem persuasive. This is not going to necessarily compensate for mistakes in speaking, but can make you a more effective communicator. For example, the "steeple" is when you press your finger tips together to form a gesture that resembles a church steeple. This is a gesture commonly used by superiors talking to subordinates and people like managers and lawyers. It gives off a sign of confidence and conveyance of command over a subject. Just as talking about what you learn helps encode memories more effectively, hand gestures have a similar affect. Research shows that people who gesture while speaking or completing a task, are more likely to make it a memory than those not gesturing. Thus, gesturing while doing a task or speaking can be crucial to the first steps of storing memories away.  When you have to memorize something, such as a speech, or directions, teach yourself gestures that go with each important moment. Get in the habit of gesturing while you study. People who are taught gestures to accompany new vocabulary and language are more likely to later recall those words later on by using the gestures they have learnt.  When a child is taught a specific hand gesture to accompany new words and sentences, the memory of it is more likely to stick around. When you are having trouble remembering information, gesturing with your hands can help you bring the words to mind. If you have trouble recalling information as you speak, gesturing with your hands can help.


Use phenobarbital to prevent seizures. Give your cat diazepam to prevent seizure clusters. Understand the side effects and risks associated with these medications. Do not give these medications to cats with liver conditions.

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Most of the anticonvulsants used in dogs are either ineffective, or toxic, to cats. However, phenobarbital has been shown to be effective and safe. The medication works to keep your cat from experiencing seizures.  Phenobarbital is available as a tablet or syrup, and is generally administered two, or in some cases three, times a day. The starting dose of phenobarbital is 1 to 2mg per kg, twice a day. Thus, an average-sized cat requires 1.7 milliliters (0.06  fl oz) of 15 mg/ml phenobarbital elixir twice a day. Some cats seem to break phenobarbital down unusually quickly, in which case dosing three times a day is advised. Clusters, or groups of seizures, come about because the first seizure creates a pathway in the brain that makes it easier for another one to follow along behind the first. Diazepam works by slowing down brain activity so that it is less reactive, making it more difficult for the electrical activity associated with a seizure to build. After a seizure, the easiest way to administer diazepam is as a rectal suppository, or insertion, where it is rapidly absorbed across your cat’s rectal mucosa. The dose per cat is one 5 mg dosing syringe. The immediate side effects include sedation, and increased appetite and thirst. The sedation should wear off after a few days as your cat’s body acclimatizes to the new medication. If the sedation does not wear off in a few days time, call your vet right away. Phenobarbital is deactivated by the liver and should never be given to cats with liver disease. This is because if your cat’s body has a reduced capacity to metabolize phenobarbital, the drug could build up in your cat’s system and become toxic. If your cat is experiencing this, he may seem overly sedated, have difficulty walking, or act like he has been drugged. Diazepam is considered controversial because in rare cases the drug can trigger fatal liver failure. This is an idiosyncratic reaction, which is another way of saying scientists haven't got to the bottom of why it happens.


Use phosphorus-free fertilizer. Clean up grass, leaves, and other yard debris. Use a fertilizer with slow-release granules. Apply half of the recommended amount of fertilizer. Clean up your pet’s waste.

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Most fertilizer bags will have a ratio of nitrates-phosphorus-potassium printed on the outside of the bag. Look for a number like 32-0-25, where the middle number, denoting phosphorus content, is zero. Phosphorous is the largest source of concern when it comes to controlling fertilizer runoff, because it’s dangerous to aquatic plants and wildlife. It’s especially important to avoid getting yard debris in the road because most drains in the road lead to major water sources like streams and rivers. Keep grass clippings and leaves in the yard, raking them into a pile for later disposal.  Some cities and towns will pick up yard debris for recycling or disposal, or you can drop it off at designated locations. Check your town’s specific rules regarding yard waste disposal. Make sure you follow all parameters for yard was disposal, which may include using a specific type of bag for your clippings or bundling larger debris for easy transportation. This will prevent you from having to fertilize the garden every month. Instead, you’ll be able to apply the fertilizer every 6-8 weeks, potentially eliminating 3-4 applications every year. These will also prevent your plants from getting too much fertilizer at once, which can be harmful to their growth and the surrounding soil. A lot of runoff can be prevented by using less fertilizer. Apply it first to the perimeter of the area that you’re fertilizing, and then go back in a horizontal striped pattern across the area.  If you feel like this won’t be enough, go back over and apply the fertilizer sparsely in perpendicular stripes. It’s better to use too little fertilizer than too much, as plants and flowers will already receive some nutrients from the soil. Pet waste contains large amounts of phosphorus, the harmful chemical in some fertilizers. Always pick up and dispose of your pet waste properly in a waste bin to keep the nutrients from getting into a water supply.  This is especially important to do in your yard and parks and public spaces to prevent runoff. If you don’t...


Use pictures to make problems clearer. Use "common sense checks" (especially for word problems). Be aware that answers won't always be integers in algebra. Try expanding your skill. Practice, practice, practice! Ask your teacher to help you understand tricky algebra topics.

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If you're having a hard time visualizing an algebra problem, try using diagrams or pictures to illustrate your equation. You can even try using a group of physical objects (like blocks or coins) instead if you have some handy.  For example, let's solve the equation x + 2 = 3 by using boxes (☐)  x +2 = 3 ☒+☐☐ =☐☐☐ At this point, we'll subtract 2 from both sides by simply removing 2 boxes (☐☐) from both sides: ☒+☐☐-☐☐ =☐☐☐-☐☐ ☒=☐, or x = 1    As another example, let's try 2x = 4  ☒☒ =☐☐☐☐ At this point, we'll divide both sides by two by separate the boxes on each side into two groups: ☒|☒ =☐☐|☐☐ ☒ = ☐☐, or x = 2 When converting a word problem into algebra, try to check your formula by plugging in simple values for your variable. Does your equation make sense when x=0? When x=1? When x = -1? It's easy to make simple mistakes by writing down p=6d when you mean p=d/6, but these are easily caught if you do a quick sanity check on your work before going further. For example, let's say we're told that a football field is 30 yards (27.4 m) longer than it is wide. We use the equation l = w + 30 to represent this. We can test whether this equation makes sense by plugging in simple values for w. For instance, if the field is w = 10 yards (9.1 m) wide, it will be 10 + 30 = 40 yards (36.6 m) long. If it's 30 yards (27.4 m) wide, it will be 30 + 30 = 60 yards (54.9 m) long, and so on. This makes sense — we'd expect the field to get longer as it gets wider, so this equation is reasonable. Answers in algebra and other advanced forms of math aren't always round, easy numbers. They can often be decimals, fractions, or irrational numbers. A calculator can help you find these complicated answers, but keep in mind that your teacher may require you to give your answer in its exact form, not in an unwieldy decimal. For instance, let's say that we narrow down an algebra equation to x = 12507. If we type 12507 into a calculator, we'll get a huge string of decimals (plus, since the calculator's screen is only so large, it can't display...


Use plastic worms when fishing for largemouth bass. Use crankbaits in a variety of situations. Use spinnerbaits in situations where other lures would get hung up. Use jigs any time during the year. Use spoons for a number of different species. Use flies when fishing for trout.

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Invented in 1949 by Nick and Cosma Crème and first marketed in 1951, plastic worms are probably the best-known largemouth bass lures. Available in a host of colors and lengths from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 cm), plastic worms have spawned a number of other soft plastic artificial lures: grubs, crayfish, and salamanders among them. Occasionally fished on the surface, plastic worms are most commonly fished in timber, brush, weeds, and along rocky drop-offs, and they are usually rigged by threading the hook through the worm so that its body covers the hook point and makes a self-weedless rig. (This rig is called a Texas rig when fished with a bullet-shaped slip sinker and a Carolina rig when fished with a leader, swivel, and egg-shaped slip sinker.) Also known as plugs, crankbaits are artificial lures made of hard plastic. They are so named because they are designed to be cast out and retrieved, with some versions intended to be retrieved rapidly to trigger fish to strike them aggressively. Although some are weedless, they are usually not intended to be fished around weeds, brush, or timber. Crankbaits come in several varieties, as described below:  Topwater lures are designed to be fished on the surface. These include poppers, which feature a vertical concave surface that makes a popping noise when jerked with the rod tip; wobblers, which feature plates that cause the lure to move from side to side when retrieved; and stick baits, which are thin lures without any special attachments that are given their action solely by the fisherman. Thin minnow lures are shaped and usually colored like minnows. They feature a small lip at the front, differentiating them from stick baits; otherwise, they may be fished on the surface or underwater, usually with a twitching motion. Normark's Rapala is the best known lure of this type. Swimming crankbaits, or swim baits, are artificial lures designed to move from side to side as they are pulled through the water. One style of this type of lure is curved with a flat or concave...


Use pliers to remove the primary brake shoe springs. Pull out the brake shoe clips. Remove the parking brake cable. Pull the brake shoe set free from the backing plate.

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The primary brake shoe springs are the large springs located beneath the drum once you remove it.  Some vehicles will have one spring for each brake pad, while others may have two.  All of the springs will need to be disconnected to relieve the tension and allow you to remove the pads.  You may be able to remove the springs with your fingers, but it could pinch or injure you. Try not to bend the springs out of shape, as you will reuse them when installing the new brake pads. Use the same needle nose pliers to remove the clips that hold the brake shoe in place.  There should be two clips inside the brake system that need to be removed prior to removing the pads themselves.  Make sure to set the clips aside someplace safe for reuse when installing the new brake pads. If the clips are damaged, you can often purchase replacement ones at your local auto parts store. The parking brake cable will be much easier to remove after the spring tension has been relieved.  In some applications, it may be easier to remove the parking brake cable after you’ve pulled the brake shoe set away from the backing plate. If you can’t determine how to remove the parking brake cable easily, refer to the service manual for your specific vehicle for further guidance. Grip the brake pads on either side and pull them directly toward you to separate them from the backing plate.  The springs will come with the brake shoe set, but the parking brake cable should remain with the vehicle. Once the brake shoe set have been removed from the backing plate, you can begin replacing the pads.


Use pointy tweezers. Disinfect the area where the tick is attached. Grab the tick’s head. Use a slow and steady motion to pull the tick backwards out of the skin. Clean the wound. Dispose of the tick. Think about getting the tick tested. Monitor the site where the tick was removed for signs of infection.

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Household tweezers are too large and increase the chances of tearing the tick apart during removal, increasing the likelihood for the spread of Lyme disease or infection.  If you do not have a pair of pointy tweezers, use a pair of household tweezers. They will work better than your fingers. Do not use pliers. This will squish the tick and increase the likelihood of infection. Before you remove it, be sure to disinfect the tick and the area surrounding it. Soak a cotton swab with a disinfectant, such as hydrogen peroxide, and apply it to the area of the bite.  Applying disinfectant before removing the tick creates a sterile area and helps prevent the spread of infectious disease. With your pointy tweezers, grasp the tick as close to the skin as possible. The tick’s head is under your skin, and if it is agitated it will empty its stomach contents into your system. Therefore, the goal is to grab it by its head, and avoid squeezing the tick’s body, which will cause bacteria in its gut to squirt into the wound and possibly spread infectious disease. Getting the tick by its head will close off its throat and prevent it from regurgitating the toxins in its system into yours. Keep pulling straight back until the entire tick is out of the skin. Pulling too fast can cause the tick to tear, leaving the head of the tick still attached to the skin.  Avoid twisting or jerking the tick. Although it is best to removal the entire tick at once, do not be too concerned if the head breaks off. As long as the tick’s throat is closed, disease transmission will be limited. Rinse the wound with clean water and use an over the counter disinfectant on the area to reduce the chances of an infection. Be sure to clean off any blood or other bodily fluids, especially around the wound.   Use iodine or rubbing alcohol, as well as soap and water, to clean the wound. Do not rub too vigorously. This might irritate the bite area. Make sure that the tick is dead by squeezing it with the tweezers. Submerge the tick in alcohol, place it in a...


Use polite language to formulate your request. Start a new paragraph for any follow-up request. Thank the recipient in advance for fulfilling your request. Include any additional information the recipient might need. Add a complimentary closing before your name.

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With a personal letter, you typically provide some background information about why you're making the request, then state your request directly. A phrase such as "would you" or "could you" lets the recipient know that you aren't taking it for granted that they'll fulfill your request. For example, you might write "Would you be willing to accompany my sister to the fundraiser so she doesn't have to go alone?" If you need a response from the recipient by a certain date, or need them to do anything else related to the request, keep it separate from the main request. This lets the recipient know that the follow-up request is subordinate to the main request. To continue with the previous example, a follow-up request might be "We would also be grateful if you were willing to drive her to the event and bring her back home afterward." After you've stated your request, include a simple statement thanking the recipient. You can also include a sentence about how much their assistance would mean to you. For example, you might write "Thank you in advance for helping us out here. It would mean the world for my sister to attend the fundraiser." If the request needs to be fulfilled in a specific way, or at a specific time and place, go ahead and include this information after your thanks. You could also include contact information, if you anticipate the recipient will want to talk to you first. For example, you might write "My sister would want to get to the fundraiser at least an hour early so she could speak with the organizers." A simple closing such as "Sincerely yours" works well for personal letters. Depending on how well you know the recipient and the nature of your relationship, you may choose something warmer, such as "Love" or "Love always." Type a comma after your closing and leave a double-space for your signature. Then type your name below.


Use porcelain veneers to correct minor problems. Ask your orthodontist if veneers are right for you. Have your a cosmetic dentist put in veneers for you. Brush your teeth like normal. Protect against grinding. Replace in five to 10 years.

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Veneers essentially cover up problems with a porcelain or resin shell, rather than correcting them.  Veneers are stain-resistant (if porcelain) and look much like natural teeth.  It is suggested you get them after the age of 35, as this getting them at a younger age can affect the pulp in your teeth and decrease the longevity of the veneers. They are a simpler option than braces or retainers because the orthodontist will put them on you and leave them. You don't need to have them removed. They can also cover stains, chips, and gaps.  Veneers are permanent and can't be repaired. They're also more expensive than getting a crown, but they will definitely provide you the perfect "Hollywood" smile.  If you are practicing serious contact sports such as boxing or hockey, veneers may not be even an option. You will definitely need to protect your teeth with a mouthguard when playing these sports, regardless. A cosmetic dentist is the most appropriate dental specialist for this procedure. They will remove part of your enamel first, in essence to make room for the veneer. The dentist will already have created the veneer. He or she will examine how the veneer looks in place and then bond it to the tooth. You will likely have a follow-up visit to check on placement, but if you notice a problem, such as cracking or misalignment, contact your dentist. Veneers don't need special attention, but you do need to floss and brush as you normally would. Porcelain veneers can be broken, so if you grind your teeth, you may need to wear a guard at night. You will also need to be very careful when biting hard food such as nuts, hard candy, baked bread, hard biscuits, etc. Veneers do not last forever, and you will need to replace them within a decade.