Express your feelings about the past. Forgive and forget. Focus on happy things. Block your memories. Work through your anxiety about the future. Get help.

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Whatever past event you focus on, you may need to express the feelings you have associated with the event, whether good or bad, before you can move on. There may be experiences in your past that were hurtful, but there also may be good memories as well. Getting out your pent up emotions, whether good or bad, can help you let go of the past and focus on the present.  Talk to a friend, family member, or counselor about your feelings. Try writing down your feelings about the past. You can journal or write a letter to someone that hurt you (just don't send it!). Even if you're dwelling on good memories, it can cause you to lose connection with the present. You may find yourself romanticizing the past or longing for things to be the way they were, instead of focusing on how to improve your present life. Focusing on who to blame for past hurts can spoil the present. Instead of dwelling on who has caused you pain, forgive them. Focus on present events and leave behind any blame or hurt you feel. If there is someone in your past that has hurt you, choose to forgive and forget. Festering in the pain doesn't harm the person who hurt you and it will cause you to stay in the past. If you have to, write the person a letter or talk to the person about how her past actions. You don't have to send the letter, but it will help you stop blaming her for the past and help you move toward the present and your happiness. If expressing your feelings about the past has not helped, focus on happy things. You can't change the past or worry about the future, so don't dwell on it. Think about happy things happening right now. If you find this hard, create a touchstone for yourself. For example, create a happy place that you can think that connects with your current life, such as your favorite reading place in your backyard. If you find yourself thinking too much about your past or worrying about the future, imagine the happy times you have there, or even picture yourself in that comforting place. If all attempts haven't worked, try...


Express your feelings. Take time to be healthy. Learn how to self-soothe. Rely on those close to you. Talk to a therapist.

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Whether you are coping with your own breakup or the breakup of someone close to you, keeping your feelings bottled up will have negative effects on your mind and body. It’s better, especially right after a breakup, to let your feelings out in some way. When there is a bad situation after a breakup it’s even more important to express how you’re feeling about the things that are going on.  Keep a journal about what is going on. Write about the events, your feelings, your hopes, and your fears. Try to write in your journal every day. Express your feelings creatively through music, art, or some other medium. For example, you could paint a picture depicting your feelings or write a song about the breakup. Talk to someone you trust like a close family member or friend. You could say, “Can I talk to you about how I’m feeling about everything that’s going on?” Coping with a bad situation after a breakup, no matter what the circumstances, can have a negative effect on your health if you don’t take care of yourself. Make the time to do things that will keep you healthy.  Stick to a regular sleep routine. Go to bed at the same time each night and try to wake-up at the same time each morning. Make time to eat healthy. Your body needs all the nutrients it can get to keep your immune system stronger during this bad situation. Do something active. Even if it’s just taking a brief walk or doing some stretches, physical activity can help calm you, clear your mind, and boost your energy. Avoid alcohol or drugs as a way to cope. This will just lead to much bigger problems. There may be times when you are feeling upset or anxious. In these situations, it is important to find a way to soothe yourself. A good way to do this is to learn how to practice some self-soothing activities that work well for you. Some things you might try include:  Using a relaxation technique such as progressive muscle relaxation, meditation, or deep breathing. Engaging with a favorite hobby, such as knitting, playing video games, painting, reading, or...


Express your interest in a sustained relationship. Discuss boundaries. Be willing to compromise.

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Even though you are seeing each other frequently and going out on dates, the other person can’t be sure of your intentions unless you tell them. Let the person know that you are ready and interested in a relationship. You should also be willing to hear whether they want the same thing or not. For example, you could say “We’ve been going out for a while, and I know that we both enjoy being around each other. I just wanted to let you know that I'm interested in a serious relationship when the time's right for both of us.” Once you agree to be in a relationship, there are certain rules that come with that. The tricky part is that these rules are not the same for every person or couple. You should both sit down and discuss what boundaries you expect to be followed in the relationship.  For example, your partner might be okay with staying friends with exes, while that makes you uncomfortable. Discuss both sides and agree on something that makes you both comfortable. Creating boundaries can help you find a happy medium between what makes you and your partner feel comfortable. For example, you might agree that being friends with exes is okay, but constantly communicating with them is crossing the line. One of the hardest things about a relationship is that both people must be willing to compromise to make it work. That means you will have to do some things that you don’t like, and so will the other person. Keep an open line of communication about the relationship, and make sure that both people are giving and taking.  For example, you might both hate doing dishes and laundry. As a compromise, one of you could do dishes, and the other do laundry. Work to keep your lines of communication open throughout the course of your relationship. Unspoken issues may arise and create even larger problems later on if not addressed.


Express your love. Kiss your spouse. Share what you both love. Show your appreciation. Use affectionate language. Be generous and giving in bed.

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Look at your spouse lovingly, and tell your spouse that you love them. Say it often, and find new ways to say it. The wife of the Prophet, 'Hazrat Ayesha, would ask him: "How is your love for me?" And he would reply, : "Like the rope's knot," meaning that it was strong and secure.  She would ask him, "How is the knot?" and he would reply, "In the same condition!"  Leave little love notes around the house. Send your spouse a loving text when you miss them. This is a simple act but one with massive impact! Kiss your spouse when you greet them, and return their kisses when they are feeling affectionate. The Prophet says that before intercourse, you should kiss and speak to one another. Spend time with your spouse doing what they like as well as what you like! This is the best way to nurture the marriage and become closer to each other. The Prophet initiated games with his spouses and was attentive to their pleasure. Thank them for all the nice things they do. Tell them what you like about them, and give them compliments when they excel or achieve a goal.  If compliments come naturally to you, give them out freely. If they don't, teach yourself to give compliments at regular intervals. For instance, when your spouse is wearing a new outfit you can tell them that they look beautiful. Thank your spouse for good things they do for you and your family, but be sure to praise them for things they do for themself as well. Tell your spouse you are proud of them when they accomplish something. You may praise meals they make, promotions they earn, sticky situations they mediate, or art they create, for instance. Invent sweet names for your partner, and you will find them more responsive and fond of you. Only use terms of endearment that your partner enjoys. The Prophet called his wife 'Ayesha "Humayra," meaning "rosy," as she had rosy cheeks. Adhere to Islamic etiquette of marriage and sex. Have a healthy intimate life with your spouse. Share your desires and encourage your spouse to share with you. Be generous with halal...


Express yourself through your style choices. Be authentic Pursue personal or career goals that are important to you. Spend your free time doing hobbies or enjoying social events. Decide what you bring to a relationship. Be honest about your flaws because everyone has them.

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Instead of trying to impress a guy, dress to impress yourself. Pick clothes that fit you well, make you feel great, and show off a bit of your personality. Additionally, style your hair in a way that flatters your face and works with your hair texture. If you wear makeup, use it to enhance your natural beauty.  For example, you might wear a fun dinosaur print to show off your quirky side or you may choose a sleek pencil skirt and cardigan if you think of yourself as studious. If you like how you look, you’ll naturally be more confident, which will catch a guy’s attention. Additionally, you’ll have more success in relationships if you meet a guy who likes you for yourself. so people get to know the real you. Opening yourself up to others can be really hard because it hurts to feel rejected. However, being yourself is the only way to find a good partner. Show off your personality from day one, and be honest about what you like and what you dislike. This will help you find a guy that’s a great fit for you.  For example, you don’t need to act like you’re extroverted if you’re happier being a homebody. Similarly, you don’t need to act meek and quiet if you normally have a big personality. You’re amazing the way you are, so don’t hide. Also, don’t pretend to like things because you think a guy will. Having goals is important because it helps you be fulfilled and happy. Additionally, men will be more attracted to you because you’ll be a more dynamic person. Set 1 or 2 goals for yourself, then break them down into actionable steps. Then, begin working on the steps so you can reach your goals. For example, you could set a goal to get a degree or get a promotion at work. Similarly, you might set a personal goal to save up for a house, write a book, or get a painting in an art show. Hobbies and social events help you be happy and interesting, so guys will be more attracted to you. Additionally, this helps you enjoy life more overall, so you’ll be less worried about your relationship status. Pick 1 or more hobbies that...


Extend the bottom ray of the angle in a straight line. Draw a vertical line connecting the top ray and the line. Measure the length of the bottom line from the vertex. Measure the length of the vertical line. Find the slope of the acute angle. Calculate the degrees of the acute angle. Subtract the degrees of the acute angle from 180.

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Mark your vertex with a dot, then use the long side of your ruler to draw a straight line to the left of the vertex. The bottom ray of the angle should be a single long line that extends below the open top ray of the angle. Make sure your line is perfectly straight. If it is angled up or down, it will ruin the accuracy of your equation. Line up the short end of your ruler with the bottom ray at a point where the long side crosses the top ray. Follow the long side to draw a line straight up from the bottom ray that connects the two. Effectively, you have created a small right angle underneath the obtuse angle you want to measure, turning the top ray of the obtuse angle into the hypotenuse of your right angle. Place your ruler below the bottom line, with the beginning at the vertical line creating the right angle. Measure the length from that point of intersection to the vertex of the original angle. You're determining the slope for the angle of the acute triangle, which you can use to calculate the degrees in the acute angle. The bottom line is the run value in the equation "slope = rise/run." Line up the short end of your ruler with the bottom line of the small acute triangle. Read up the ruler to the point where the vertical line meets the open ray of your obtuse angle. This is the length of your vertical line. The length of your vertical line is the rise value in the equation "slope = rise/run." Once you know the values for both rise and run, you can calculate the slope of the acute angle. Divide the rise value by the run value to determine the slope of the acute angle. You'll use this value to calculate the degrees of the acute angle. For example, the equation "slope = 2/4" would yield "slope = 0.5." Enter your slope value in your scientific calculator, then press the inverse tan button (tan-1). The value displayed is the number of degrees in the acute angle. To continue the example, if your slope is 0.5, the acute angle is a 26.565-degree angle. A flat line is a straight angle with 180 degrees. Since you...


Extract the pit from fully-ripe fruits. Germinate the seeds in a refrigerator. Buy a store-bought sapling (if you are not using a seed).

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Scrub off any fruit matter with a brush and allow the surface to dry. Crack open the seed by exerting pressure on the seams with a flat tool like a board, nutcracker, or knife. Take out the almond-shaped seeds, and stratify the seed (prepare it for germination) by soaking it overnight in a container of warm water.  Harvest seeds from mid- to late-season apricots. Make sure the seed comes from a fruit that is far from trees of the same genus to prevent in-breeding during pollination.  You may wish to prepare several seeds, in case some of them don’t germinate. Squeeze damp peat moss to remove excess water, place a handful of it in a jar or plastic baggie, add the seeds, and seal the jar or bag. Place the jar in a refrigerator that is between 32 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Monitor daily for sprouts; when you see those, it’s time to plant the seed!  It can take 4 to 6 weeks for a seed to sprout. Keep the seedlings on a sunny windowsill or under grow-lights until you are ready to pot or plant them in a garden. Buy dormant, bare-root, 1-year-old trees if possible. Take the tree out of the plastic container. If the sapling comes in a burlap bag, carefully remove the bag before planting the tree. Consider using a genetic dwarf species if you have limited space in your garden. Great dwarf species include “Stark Golden Glo” and “Garden Annie.” Dwarf species will produce 1-2 bushels of fruit per year, while full-size species will produce 3-4 bushels.


Extract yourself. Sit away from classmates if possible. Wait for the right moment. Have plenty of tissue at hand. Wash your hands after blowing.

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If possible, excuse yourself to go outside or to the restroom. Physically removing yourself from the presence of other people not only saves you embarrassment, but can help keep everyone else healthy, particularly if you have a cold or sinus infection.  Anyone within three feet of you can be affected by the germs spread by sneezing or blowing your nose.   Classrooms are full of people in close proximity, so for your sake and everyone else's it's best to step outside. Let the teacher know if you're needing to blow your nose or sneeze frequently on a particular day, or if you're experiencing a chronic issue. That way they will know that you may need to excuse yourself intermittently, and won't think you're trying to be disruptive or to get out of class. If you're having a particularly sneezy day, try to lessen the effect of your sneezes by sitting at the back of the class (or at least positioning yourself out of range of your crush). When the class is listening attentively to an important announcement might not be the best time to let loose a loud honk. Wait till everyone is talking and you can discreetly turn and blow your nose with minimal disruption. You can muffle your sneezes if you have a good handful of tissue. The more material mucus has to go into, the less your classmates are likely to see or feel it- and the less likely you are to experience the embarrassment of flinging a glob of snot at a cute boy or girl.  Avoid using cloth handkerchiefs; not only do they trap mucus that then stays in your pocket, turning your pockets into a breeding ground for germs and infectious bacteria, they are actually frowned on culturally in some parts of the world.   Dispose properly of your tissues. Put each tissue you use directly into the wastebasket-no one wants to see a pile of used tissues on your desk. When you're in class, it's not always possible to immediately wash your hands, but do so at the earliest opportunity to help prevent the spread of germs.  You can also carry sanitized hand wipes or a small bottle of...


FOR ANIMATED PASSAGE GO HERE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsK-BHWw-b4. Remove excess dirt. Rinse the filter under running water. Wash off heavy grime with a soap solution, if needed. Dry the filter thoroughly. Replace the filter.

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Turn the system off before touching the filter. Clean the area around the vent with a broom or vacuum before opening the vent. Open the screw(s) or latch and swing open the vent. Vacuum the encasement area, then take out the air filter.  If the system isn’t turned off first, it will suck in debris during the cleaning process. Use a step ladder if the vent is up on the ceiling or a high wall. Brush dirt off the filter into a trash container outside. Connect a hose attachment to your vacuum cleaner. Vacuum dust and debris from the filter with an upholstery attachment on the filter’s front, back and sides. Vacuum the filter outside, if possible, to avoid stirring up dust in the home. Attach a hose to your water tap. Hold the filter so that the water flows the opposite way from the airflow. Spray the filter completely to wash off dust and dirt. Use a gentle spray, not the full force of your hose, to avoid damaging the filter. If a simple rinse isn’t doing the job, you can soak your filter in a soap solution. Add a drop of mild liquid dish soap to two cups of warm water in a bowl. Stir the solution. Wet a cloth in the solution and wash both sides of your filter. Rinse the filter with water, and let it dry completely.  After the final rinse, shake off any excess water before setting the filter out to dry. You may want to wash your filter with a soap solution if it’s been exposed to grease, smoke or pet hair. Pat the filter dry with paper towels. Leave the filter outside so it can air-dry. Make sure that the filter is completely dry before re-installing it. Neglecting to let the filter dry completely can cause mold growth, which can spread spores throughout your home through the HVAC. Place the filter back in its housing. Ensure that the airflow is facing in the proper direction. Close the vent, and secure any screws or latches. The filter should sit snugly, without appearing too small or warped. Make sure there are no gaps.


Face one side of the room. Step your left foot forward. Step your right foot forward so it is parallel to your left foot. Move your left foot to meet your right foot. Step back with your right foot. Move your left foot back so it is parallel to your right foot. Place your right foot next to your left foot.

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Stand with your feet hip distance apart and your arms relaxed at your sides. Land softly to give the step a light, airy feel. Bend your left leg slightly, stepping on the ball of your foot. Your feet should be side by side, a bit more than hip distance apart. Your feet should be just touching, side by side. Bend your right leg slightly as you step back, keeping your upper body straight and relaxed. Make sure your feet are side by side, with about 1 foot (0.3 m) distance between them. This will end the “box step” or basic steps of the waltz. You will perform these steps in sequence, drawing small boxes with your feet, when you perform the waltz with a partner.


Face sideways toward your target. Drop your non-throwing leg and put your throwing leg behind you. Extend your non-throwing hand toward the target. Throw with an overhand motion and follow through.

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Often, in combat situations, you won't have the luxury of being able to throw grenades from the standing position. For instance, if you're pinned down behind cover by enemy fire, you won't want to expose your upper body by standing up to throw. Luckily, it's also possible to throw grenades from positions that minimize your exposure to the enemy. To throw a grenade from a kneeling position, start by getting in the proper stance. Bend your knees to lower yourself near to the ground, then turn your body ninety degrees away from the direction you intend to throw so that your throwing shoulder is facing away from your target. It's hard to get the same sort of throwing power in the kneeling position that you'd get while standing, so turning to side is a smart choice because it allows you to throw across your body, maximizing your power. Bend your non-throwing leg and press it into the ground in front of you so that your knee is pointing toward your target. At the same time, stretch your throwing leg back behind you so that the side of your boot makes contact with the ground. Keep your throwing leg straight and locked for maximum stability. Keep in mind that the kneeling stance you use to throw grenades is not the same as the typical kneeling stance you may use in ordinary noncombat situations (like when you need to pick something up off the floor). This modified stance gives added stability and support while throwing that you can't get by simply lowering one knee to the floor directly beneath you and bending the other in front of you. Arm the grenade against your chest by pulling the pin and holding down the lever. As you cock your throwing arm back, stretch your other arm toward your target with your fingers extended and your thumb against the side of your hand. Keep your non-throwing arm at a slightly raised angle (about 45o). If you're positioning your  arm correctly, you should look somewhat like you're flexing like a bodybuilder. As mentioned above, the kneeling stance doesn't have as much throwing power as...


Face the roots of your emotional turmoil so you can move past it. Challenge beliefs and patterns based in fear or irrationality. Start a journal to practice self-reflection. Reframe negative thoughts into positive ones. Seek professional help.

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If you experience chronic lack of emotional control, try looking deeper into your personal history to find its origins. Knowing where your emotional turmoil comes from can help you figure out how to accept it and heal from it.  Think about how conflict was handled in your family while you were growing up. Did your parents show or hide their emotions? Were certain emotions “off-limits”? What emotion is most uncomfortable for you, and how did your family handle it?  You can also think about turning points in your life, such as a divorce, a death, or a major change like moving homes or losing a job. What emotions did you feel, and how did you react to them? Figuring out where your emotional turmoil stems from gives you the power to confront and overcome the beliefs that are causing it. Take a step back from the situation and objectively identify negative beliefs, like fear or inadequacy. What is causing those toxic feelings? What can you do to confront and overcome them?  For example, feelings of not being good enough might show up as “disqualifying the positive” thinking: if somebody says something good about you, it doesn't count, but if they say something bad about you, you "knew it all along." Challenge this by noticing all the things you do right in your life. Emotional turmoil caused by fear might manifest as a tendency to jump to conclusions, when you make a negative judgment even though there aren’t any facts to back it up. Challenge this way of thinking by stopping yourself at each step and examining the evidence for your conclusions. No matter what other complex negative emotions you uncover, you can challenge almost all of them by asking yourself what the unbiased truth is and showing yourself compassion. Journaling about your emotions can help you learn to identify your feelings. It will also help you learn to recognize what may trigger certain emotions and will help you recognize helpful and unhelpful ways of dealing with them.  Use your journal to recognize your emotions, vent about things you feel...


Face the side of the ring. Step back with your less dominant foot. Lower your body by bending your hips and knees. Place the shot at the base of your fingers in your dominant hand. Hold the shot at your neck, right by the jaw line.

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Rather than directly facing your target, you should make a quarter turn so that you face the side of the ring. Beginning at a 90 degree angle from the target allows you to twist your hips in order to gain momentum when throwing the shot. If you are right-handed, you will step back with your left foot. This gives you stability and added momentum for throwing the shot. This will also help you to gain momentum as you throw. Twist toward the back of the ring and keep your non-throwing arm low. You don’t want to hold the shot in your palm, but rather at the base of your fingers, with your fingers slightly spread apart. This allows you to flick the ball off your hand. Bend your hand back in a cocked position. Imagine that you are balancing a tray or pizza box. Your hand should be steady, but not over-extended, as this may cause an injury. Make sure that your elbow is bent and parallel to the floor. Your thumb should point down toward your collarbone, and you should point your palm in the direction that you are throwing. Keep your eyes and head back, rather than focused on the shot.


Face the truth of the situation. Be honest and direct. Do things to make yourself feel better. Identify why you stayed with the friendship.

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If you've realized you want to ditch a friend, the first thing you should do is face this fact. Try to step out of denial and realize a friendship has run its course.  Ask yourself difficult questions regarding why you're staying in the relationship. Do you feel sorry for this person? Do you feel obligated to continue the friendship simply because it's been going on for so long? Try to identify any reasons you're considering not ending things. Accept the fact you have to do what's right for you. There's nothing wrong with ending a friendship if it becomes negative and draining. You may be tempted to simply let the friendship slip away. However, it's generally better to be direct. This can give you and your friend closure.  You can plan a sit down talk if you want. However, you can also just send a text or email explaining how you feel. Try to be direct without blaming the other person. You can use what are known as "I"-statements, in which you emphasize your feelings over objecting judgments. For example, say something like, "I feel a lack of connection between the two of us because we're two different people." Let the person know you appreciated the time you had, but you need to move on. For example, "I think it's better if we go our separate ways. I'll always value the time we had together as friends, and everything I learned from you." It can be as difficult to lose a friend as breaking up with a romantic partner. Therefore, you should do some things to fill the void. Take your mind off the loss by filling your days with activities. Try to take up a new hobby. Start running or swimming. Begin a craft project. Read a book. If you had to ditch a friend, you want to make sure you don't get into a negative relationship again. All relationships have benefits. There may be a reason you're drawn to a certain type of person.  What were the good things about the relationship? Maybe you liked someone pushing you out of your comfort zone. Maybe you enjoyed having a friend you competed with in some ways. Maybe this...


Face what went wrong. Learn from what went wrong. See if you need to reconsider your goal. Ask yourself what you can do about what went wrong. Decide your priorities and choose your goals. Talk about your plan with a supportive friend or family member. Make some resolutions. Give up your bad habits. Find people who'll support you through this. Hold your head up high and refuse to believe anyone who thinks you can't make a comeback.

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Write down wherever things went wrong, so they are laid out in front of you in black-and-white. Be honest about what really happened instead of making excuses. Sometimes it's harder to face a situation that was outside your control than when it was something you caused by your own procrastination or bad decisions. Other people find it harder to accept that they may have contributed to the disaster or caused it. A comeback starts with needing one. Of course, not everything that went wrong in your life may be your fault. Maybe you fell into a drug addiction or acted poorly in a relationship, but it may also be true that you didn't grow up in a supportive environment or were just a victim of plain bad luck. Don't blame yourself for things that weren't in your control, and learn to accept the bouts of bad luck and to work against them, instead of using them as excuses for your present situation. Even if it was just bad luck, there are ways to cushion the loss -- if you wind up in the situation again. If you failed a university exam, what was the problem? Did you get distracted or not study the material? Did you over-study, freeze up at the exam and forget everything due to anxiety? Were there major distractions in your life, like breaking up with a long-term relationship? Ask yourself these questions without judging the answers. You are not looking for excuses to blame other people; give that up right at the start. That's the last option - it was someone else's fault. If it turns out that it was, then you have to re-evaluate your priorities and that relationship. Did a friend, parent, partner constantly interrupt your studying with demands for attention? How can you learn to hold your boundaries so this doesn't happen next time exams come around? Though this may seem like an extreme idea, before you make your comeback plan, it may help to reconsider the direction you want your life to follow. For example, does college matter to a career you might be happier in? Would you be better off with shorter, specific...


Fact-check news sources and partisan claims. Find a mix of local, national, and global news coverage. Investigate issues of special concern to you.

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The volume of media available to consumers is greater than ever before, and more of it comes from sources that are highly partisan. Those developments make it more difficult to know if the information you’re getting is accurate, so you’ll need to fact-check the claims you hear from news sources, politicians, and other media. There are a number of good fact checking websites available. Try FactCheck.org, PolitiFact.com, ProCon.org, and Snopes.com. If you only consume news at one level, it will skew your perception of the world. It can make you magnify small problems and minimize large problems. Take special care to follow the news locally, nationally, and internationally in order to get a balanced picture of the world.  For example, sources like NPR, the New York Times, and any of the broadcast networks are primarily focused on national affairs. Al-Jazeera, PRI, and Reuters are all good sources for international coverage. Once you feel like you’ve got a handle on finding high-quality news sources, make an effort to develop your expertise on an issue of special concern to you. It will enhance your credibility on that particular issue, but developing the expertise in one issue teaches you lessons you can apply to other fields.  For example, if campaigns and elections are your thing, then regularly read sources like Politico, fivethirtyeight.com, and the Cook Political Report. If foreign policy and diplomacy is more your style, check out Foreign Policy and Foreign Affairs, two trusted sources of information on policy.


Factor Identify any common prime factors. Calculate: To demonstrate this method, study this example.

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each number completely into its prime numbers. A prime number is number greater than 1 that has no factors but itself. Examples of prime numbers include 5, 17, 97, and 331, to name just a few. Pick out any prime numbers between the set that are the same. There can be several common factors. If there's  only one prime common factor, then that's your common factor. If there are multiple prime common factors, then multiply all the prime common factors together to get your greatest common factor.


Factor in the basic cost of labor. Think about anything that could lengthen painting time. Account for potential accidents. Calculate the total cost. Ask for a professional estimate.

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If you're hiring workers to help, you need to know how much you'll pay them. If you're painting for someone else, you need to know how much is fair to charge them. One to two painters can usually paint 2,500 square feet in one to two days. It usually costs around $500 to $600 a day. For a small room, such as the 650 square foot example, it should only take a few hours. Divide 650 by 2,500 to get roughly .25. This means you will probably only pay a quarter of the cost of a full day's worth of work, meaning the paint job will be roughly $200. If there is a lot of furniture to move or if you're painting with different colors, this will tack on extra time. If you believe the job will require extra labor, tack on some extra money. For example, if you're painting your 650 square foot room two different colors, add $100 on to the labor costs. This brings labor costs to $300. Other factors to consider include:  Whether or not you need big ladders or scaffolding. If you have to paint overnight. Whether or not there are any wall repairs. Unfortunately, paint jobs do not always go as planned. Parts of a home may become damaged, paint may spill, and so on. It's a good idea to give yourself a little wiggle room. You can give consumers an estimate roughly $50 to $100 higher in case of an accident. After you have all the individual costs calculated, add them together to get a rough estimate. In the 650 square foot example, the estimate would come to around $535. In case of accidents, you can quote about $635. If you're hiring painters, it's not always a good idea to try to calculate costs yourself. Get a quote from several different companies, explaining your needs and the size of your home. This will give you a more accurate price and help you budget for a paint job.


Factor the equation Find the point at which the equation crosses the x-axis. Calculate the midway point. Plug the x value into the original equation. Write down the vertex point.

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. Rewrite the quadratic equation in its factored form. There are several ways to factor out a quadratic equation, but when done, you should be left with two sets of parentheses that, when multiplied together, equal your original equation. Example: (using decomposition)  3x2 - 6x - 45 Factor out the common factor: 3 (x2 - 2x - 15) Multiply the a and c terms: 1 * -15 = -15 Find two numbers with a product that equals -15 and a sum that equals the b value, -2: 3 * -5 = -15; 3 - 5 = -2 Substitute the two values into the equation ax2 + kx + hx + c: 3(x2 + 3x - 5x - 15) Factor the polynomial by grouping: f(x) = 3 * (x + 3) * (x - 5) Whenever the function of x, f(x), equals 0, the parabola will cross the x-axis. This will occur when either set of factors equals 0. Example: 3 * (x + 3) * (x - 5) = 0  х +3 = 0 х - 5 = 0 х = -3 ; х = 5 Therefore, the roots are: (-3, 0) and (5, 0) The axis of symmetry for the equation will lie directly in between the two roots of the equation. You need to know the axis of symmetry since the vertex lies on it. Example: x = 1; this value lies directly between -3 and 5 Plug the x value for your axis of symmetry into either equation for your parabola. The y value will be the y value for your vertex. Example: y = 3x2 - 6x - 45 = 3(1)2 - 6(1) - 45 = -48 At this point, your last calculated x and y values should give you the coordinates of your vertex. Example: (1, -48)


Factorize Remove any multiples that are a perfect square out of the radical sign. Find a perfect square in the variable. Pull any variables that are perfect squares out of the radical sign. Combine any like terms and simplify any rational expressions that result.

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an imperfect radical expression into its prime factors. The factors are the numbers that multiply to create a number -- for example, 5 and 4 are two factors of the number 20. To break down an imperfect radical expression, write down all of the factors of that number (or as many as you can think of if it's a large number) until you find one that is a perfect square. For example, try listing all the factors of the number 45: 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, and 45. 9 is a factor of 45 that is also a perfect square (9=3^2). 9 x 5 = 45. 9 is a perfect square because it is the product of 3 x 3. Take the 9 out of the radical sign and place a 3 in front of it, leaving 5 under the radical sign. If you "throw" the three back in under the radical sign, it will be multiplied by itself to create 9 again, which will multiply with 5 to create 45 again. 3 root 5 is just a simplified way of saying root 45. That is, sqrt(45) = sqrt(9*5) = sqrt(9)*sqrt(5) = 3*sqrt(5). The square root of a to the second power would be |a|. You can further simplify this to just "a" only if the variable is known to be positive. The square root of a to the third power is broken down into the square root of a squared times a -- this is because you add exponents when you multiply variables, so that a squared times a is equal to a cubed. Therefore, the perfect square in the expression a cubed is a squared. Now, take a squared and pull it out of the radical to make it a regular |a|. The simplified form of a cubed is just |a| root a.


Fake a note from your parents. Talk about your fake missed day where teachers can hear you. Ask to make up for the work that you missed.

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When you’ve skipped a day at school, your school will want to know where you’ve been. Write a pretend note from your parents to explain why you were absent.  You can choose any excuse that sounds real, like you had to go to a funeral, had a dentist appointment, or that a pet died. Type the note instead of writing it by hand. Your handwriting probably doesn’t look like an adult’s handwriting to a teacher, so it won’t be convincing. Typing the note is safer, and it will also look more official. Make up really good details about the day you had when you were out of school - what happened, who you saw, how you felt. Then, use those details to have a conversation with your friends in earshot of a teacher. Say things about how sad it was to see so many crying people at a funeral, or how long and annoying it was to wait at the dentist before you got seen to. Most teachers know that kids skip school to get out of doing work, so your teachers will never guess that you skipped if you ask for catch up work the next again day. This will also make you appear to be a responsible student. To make it even more believable, act like you really want to do the work, even if you don’t.


Fake confidence. Create a ritual.  Think positively. Get advice from a pro performer.

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Even if your hands feel like silly putty and your heart is racing, just act like the coolest person in the world. Walk with your head high and a big smile on your face, and don't tell anyone how nervous you are. Maintain this posture when you get on the stage and you'll actually start to feel confident.  Look straight ahead instead of down at the floor. Don't slouch. Come up with a fail-proof ritual for the day of your performance. This could be a three-mile (five kilometer) jog on the morning of your performance, the same "last meal" before your performance, or even singing a certain song in the shower or putting on your lucky socks. Do whatever it is you have to do to gear yourself toward success. A lucky charm is a great part of a ritual. It could be a piece of jewelry that's important to you, or a silly stuffed animal that cheers you on from your dressing room. Focus on all of the amazing results of your presentation or performance instead of everything that can go wrong. Combat every negative thought with five positive ones. Keep an index card with motivational phrases in your pocket, or do whatever you need to do to focus on all of the benefits that the performance will give you instead of honing in on all of the fear and anxiety that you may be feeling. If you have a friend who is a knockout performer, whether it's from stage acting or giving presentations, ask for their advice. You may learn some new tricks and will be comforted by the fact that almost everyone gets stage fright, no matter how confident he or she may appear on stage.


Fake confidence. Show your emotion. Speak to your audience. Mind your body language

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It's totally fine to feel nervous, but you don't have to act that way. The more confident you act, the more confident you will feel. This doesn't mean that you need to act arrogant. Try to calm yourself and remind yourself that what you're doing isn't unusual. Rather, it's necessary, interesting, and ordinary.  Remind yourself that your audience likely can't see your nerves.  Take a deep breath and exhale before you go on stage. Smile, raise your eyebrows, and otherwise tell your story through feelings as well as facts. Show your audience your own passion for the topic. Say everything as if you find it interesting and expect them to be interested by it as well. Your enthusiasm will be infectious. The more directly you address your audience, the more engaged they will feel. Be relaxed and conversational. Rather than rattling off your points, deliver them to the audience as if you are certain they will be interesting. Look directly into the faces of the people you are addressing. If there are too many people to really see faces, just look boldly into the crowd. . Stand up straight and face the audience completely. Keep your head up and your shoulders back and relaxed. Don't twist any part of your body (shoulders, hips) away from the audience. Move your hands as you speak. Don't wave them, as this will make you look nervous. Instead, try calmly gesturing with your palm out when you make a point. If you describe a shape, draw it in the air with your hands.


Fake it till you make it. Assume another identity. Set aside a specific time to freak out.

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There's a saying in Zen Buddhism that the way out is through the door. If you want to become less shy, practice going up to people and talking to them. If you admire those who read a lot, start reading. Just jump in. People fall into bad habits, and there are ways to change them. No one has to know that deep inside you feel like your death is imminent. You know why? Because soon enough that'll go away. The mind has an extraordinary ability to adapt. What once sends a shiver down your spine, with enough time, will become old hat in time. Alright, so method acting gets a bad rap, but if Dustin Hoffman did it, might as well give 'er a go. With this method, you completely immerse yourself in someone else. It's not you out there; it's this new creature you're trying to be. This is 24/7. You must adopt the habits of this new character in every situation. How do they sit? What's the resting position of their face? What are their concerns? How do they kill time? Who do they associate with? Alright, so telling you to completely abandon who you are and adopt a new persona by the simple power of thought and habit is ridiculous. There's no way you can keep it up 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Therefore, give yourself a scheduled time to feel how you want. If you have a party on Friday that you are absolutely dreading, tell yourself on Friday night or Saturday morning you can take 20 minutes just to freak out completely about it. 20 minutes of absolutely illogical, non-productivity. But beyond that, nothing. Stick to it. You know what'll happen? You'll find that you don't need to take the time after all.


Fall a long distance. Suffocate under sand or gravel. Drown. Die by cactus. Dig down to find lava. Set yourself on fire in survival mode. Seek out monsters. Show off with a flashy death.

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Leap off a tall cliff and you'll take a large amount of damage. You may need to repeat this a couple times if there are only small hills available. If you have a large amount of dirt or other worthless blocks, you can build a tower to leap from. Face the ground at your feet and jump repeatedly, clicking to place the block as you do. Dig a pit three blocks deep. Jump inside and place two blocks of sand or gravel above your head. These will fall onto you and cover your head, causing you to take damage until you die. Any water two blocks deep can drown you. Step underneath and wait until all of your air bubbles are gone. These should be located next to your hearts. If you want to die an honorable, wet death at any moment, carry around a bucket of water. Dig a pit two blocks deep, empty the bucket to fill it, and jump into your private death sauna. Walk into a cactus repeatedly for the death by a thousand spines. If you're playing multiplayer, the chat will tell everyone that you were "pricked to death." Lava is most commonly found far beneath the surface. Explore a cave or simply dig straight down and hope for a fiery doom. If you're lost in the wilderness, you can take your revenge on the wilderness by starting a forest fire. Note that this will not work on adventure mode. Here's a step by step guide for your funeral pyre:  Break gravel with a shovel until a piece of flint drops. Mine iron with a stone pickaxe. Iron can be found at ground level, but is much more common lower down.   Make a furnace and use it to smelt the iron ore into iron ingots. Craft the iron and flint together to make flint and steel. Use the flint and steel to set fire to the top of any solid block, or the side of flammable blocks such as wood. Walk into the fire to kill yourself. Enemy mobs spawn at night or deep underground. Run up to the first one you see and it will be happy to kill you.  If you're playing single player, use the settings menu to raise the difficulty to hard The black, tentacled "Endermen" won't turn hostile until you...


Fall even deeper into love. Make great friends. Improve your health.

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Going on dates one-on-one can be a fun way to spend time with your partner and can improve your feeling of connectedness.  Going on double dates has been shown to improve your bond even more than dating as a single couple.  Try going on a double date to make your relationship feel even more special. Not only will a double date help you and your loved one feel great about each other but it can also lead to you both making new friends.  It has been shown that the more personal the connection between the couples, the more the couples benefit from the date.  Couples who have more friends in common are also generally more happy within their own relationship. Beyond improving your relationship, double dating can lead to larger health benefits.  Since double-dating can be so effective at making your relationship feel secure and loving, it can reduce stress and improve health.


Fall in love with hip-hop. Listen to a wide array of music. Learn music theory and history. Buy beat-making equipment. Choose audio production software. Experiment with sounds and equipment.

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Know before you begin that the music industry is notoriously difficult to break into, so you need to be pursuing hip-hop because you love it, not to make a quick buck. Listen to as many rappers and producers as you can, discovering what sounds you love and what style of music you want to make. The more you know about hip-hop, the better equipped you will be to make it. Hip-hop is one of the easiest genres to get into, thanks to the wide variety of free music available at mixtape websites like Datpiff, LiveMixtapes, and HotNewHipHop. Hip-hop producers are famous for pulling diverse musical influences and trends together to create something new, so look for good music wherever you can find it. RZA and got famous digging through old soul albums, Russell Simmons and Rick Rubin made waves bringing rock & roll into rap, and Kanye uses a full classical orchestra behind many of his beats. There is no genre that you cannot find inspiration in as a hip-hop producer.  Listen to music for its quality, not because of its genre or reputation. Keep notes of music you like so you can find it, and potentially use it, later. Production is the process of creating an instrumental track, but in the case of hip-hop, you will usually be "playing" all of the instruments. To have full control over your sound you need to know how music works, including time signatures, chord progression, music theory, and instrumentation.  Learn how to play an instrument. Since many beats are made with a keyboard, try starting with a piano. Hip-hop has a low barrier to entry because you can theoretically make beats with nothing more than a reasonably powerful computer. These days, extra tools can plug right into your computer to give you even greater control over your music, however, and are nearly invaluable.   Keyboards: Perhaps the second most important tool next to a computer, keyboards allow you to create your own melodies and physically play your beat, which is usually much faster than inputting the notes into the computer.  Drum Machines:...


Familiarize yourself with Harley-Davidson bikes of recent decades. Search classified ads. Find the current market value of the specific model you're considering. Test ride the bike you are considering purchasing. Inspect the interior and the exterior of the bike. Verify the vehicle's mileage. Ask the owner about the vehicle's history and maintenance. Get a vehicle history report using the bike's VIN. Negotiate the price until you are satisfied.

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Many of the Harleys built in the past 25 years are still on the road. That leaves you a wide range of choices when it comes to pre-owned Harleys, and also speaks to the durability of the bike itself. Purchasing a used Harley-Davidson can be cost effective if you buy from a fair seller. You can look online, or through sections of your local or regional newspaper. You can also pick up a regional auto trader magazine to see if they have any Harleys for sale. These publications can generally be purchased at gas stations or convenience stores in racks by the door. Look at pricing guides that focus on motorcycles, such as NADA. Another thing to take into account is the cost and availability of spare parts, so you'll need to research these as well. You can research this online, or consult a professional mechanic. It should start easily, and the ride should be comfortable. Evaluate the overall performance, including acceleration, braking, motor sound, and handling. Make sure the lights, blinkers, gas tank lids, brakes, kickstands and mirrors are in working order. Check for things that might negatively affect the value.  The wiring and engine should be intact, clean and rust-free. The drive belt, drive shaft and chain should be clean, without cracks or rust. Check the condition of the tires: is there traction, or are they worn? Is the exterior free of rust, dents and scratches? These could be signs of poor maintenance or collision.  Bring along a friend with mechanical experience to help you make a clear assessment of the vehicle before purchasing. Alternatively, ask the seller if they would consent to having a mechanical check before you purchase. Mileage is a major factor in determining market value, so make sure the mileage quoted is accurate and the bike priced accordingly. Ideally, there should be written records of maintenance, major repairs, etc. Try to get a sense of how well the owner has taken care of the motorcycle. The Vehicle Identification Number allows you to access the full history of the bike,...


Familiarize yourself with UCI rules. Start as young as you can. Cycle with others. Have friends that cycle too. Ride with people who are better than you.

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The Union Cyclist Internationale (UCI) is the organization that runs most competitive bike races. Learn the rules for the type of event you want to complete before you start getting involved in races. This will give you a better understanding of what is and is not acceptable in the competitive cycling world. If possible, join a high school or college team to get a leg up on the industry. Not only will this help you develop the skills and strength that you need to succeed, but it will help you help get your name out there in the community. You'll have the head start you need and friends in all the right places. You'll have to start young in general though, as the US has rules stipulating age for cyclists in some races. Join a local cycling club and participate in weekly trainings. This will help motivate you and also give you the opportunity to learn from others. You can find local groups by searching internet forums, checking with your local gym, or looking through your local parks and recreation department. The pro cycling life can get very lonely. You'll have intense schedules and very little free time. If you want to maintain a social life, you'll want friends who are right there with you. You will feel the need to rise to the challenge, the sense of competition helping to push you harder down the road.


Familiarize yourself with basic horse body language. Always be aware of where the horses are. Create an inviting rather than demanding presence before you approach. Approach the horse diagonally from the front whenever possible. If you have to approach from the rear, approach at an angle. Use your voice to let the horse know you're approaching. Let the horse smell you. Give the horse a small treat if you have one, and if you have permission from the horse's owner. Pet the horse.

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It's very important to be able to tell the difference between a happy, inviting horse and an alarmed or frustrated one when you approach the animal. Look for the following signs:   Comfortable signs (if you see these, proceed):  Having relaxed, "soft" eyes that aren't staring at you Turning his head or front quarters toward you Licking his lips Ears pricked towards you. Having a peaceful, relaxed overall body position    Uncomfortable signs (if you see these, back off and do not approach):  Moving or running away from you as you approach Having, intense, wide eyes or eyes that are staring at you Pinning his ears (moving them back against his head) Bearing his teeth or trying to nip at you Rearing up on his legs or kicking Flicking tail repeatedly in aggressive fashion, often with back legs stomping. It takes only a moment for a horse to run up behind you and possibly rear up on you. Make sure you can see where the horses are and keep watch.  Horses can get startled by almost anything. If a horse seems to be running towards you,  to make sure you don't get trampled raise your arms to appear larger and say in firm calm, voice "whoa" or "get". This will help with getting the horse to head another direction. With horse behavior, there is an idea of pressure and release. Horses are herd animals, and will most likely not stand in an area waiting for you to approach them. Simple things, such as making eye contact, is actually putting pressure on the horse, cueing him to move away from you. The number one rule for approaching horses is to make sure that they know you're coming. This is easiest (by far) if you come at the horse from the front and slightly to the side (to avoid the blind spot right in front of it). If you can, approaching from the front-left of the horse is even better: many horses are trained specifically to work with humans on their left side and as a result are most comfortable with this.  It actually is a myth that horses prefer one side over the other. It is us humans that over the years have...


Familiarize yourself with budgets. Learn why budgeting is essential. Familiarize yourself with each component of a budget.

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A budget is like a roadmap for your business — it provides an overview of what you will be spending and making over a future time period. A proper budget will include educated estimates as to what you will make (revenues), and a precise plan for your spending. Following your budget successfully can ensure your business is profitable and achieves its goals.  For example, assume your business is planning for next year. A budget will outline your estimated revenues, and then include a plan for expenses that is less than those revenues, so that you can earn a profit. A balanced budget means your revenues are equal to your expenses. A surplus means your revenues exceed expenses, and a deficit means expenses exceed revenues. As a business, your budget should always strive to be in a surplus state. A well-formed budget is essential to the success of your business because it allows you to match what you spend to what you earn. Without a clear plan for your spending, it is very easy to outspend your revenues over time, which can lead to losses, increases in debt, and the potential closure of your business.  A budget should guide every single business expenditure. For example, if you realize midway through a year that your business desperately needs updated computers, you can consult your budget to see how much estimated surplus revenue you will generate for the remainder of the year. You can then explore costs for computer upgrades and see if that fits within the surplus figure while allowing you to earn a profit, or alternatively, if you have the additional revenue to support taking out a loan for the computers. A budget can also help you see if you are spending too much, and need to make cuts midway through the year. There are three basic components to a business budget, according to the Small Business Administration. These are sales (also known as revenues), total costs/expenses, and profits.   Sales: Sales refer to how much total money your business brings in from all sources. A budget will involve an estimate or...


Familiarize yourself with cheap, healthy foods. Download a copy of Good and Cheap. Seek out food banks and food pantries. Get coupons Throw community potlucks. Shop at discount grocery stores.

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There are many healthy foods that are available for purchase at a low cost and can be used in a variety of meals or as snacks. Familiarize yourself with healthy, affordable options.  As far as produce, grapefruit, carrots, spinach, and sweet potato usually go for no more than $1-$4 at most supermarkets. Grapefruits can serve as a good addition to breakfast, apples and carrots can be used as snacks, spinach can be added to sandwiches or salads, and sweet potatoes can be fried, grilled, or baked as a side dish to many meals.  Eggs are an excellent low cost option when it comes to saving money on food. A dozen eggs is usually less than $5. Eggs are a great source of lean protein and contain vitamin B12. They can be prepared a variety of ways, providing you with a diversity of meals at a low cost.  Canned tuna sells for less than a dollar at most supermarkets. Tuna, like eggs, is a good source of lean protein and can be added to casseroles, salads, and sandwiches.  Beans, whether canned or bagged, are a healthy legume that contain fiber and many vitamins and minerals. If you're vegetarian or vegan, beans are a good source of protein. Beans can be used in salads, stews, or burritos. You can also eat beans as a side dish or a meal. Food studies scholar Leanne Brown discovered when getting her master's from New York University that many people on government assistance eat too many processed foods. To combat this trend, she wrote a cookbook, Good and Cheap, that is available for free online.   Good and Cheap outlines how to stock your pantries with cheap staples that can be used to create a variety of meals.  Brown also encourages flexibility in terms of meals, offering a variety of alternative ingredients for each recipe. She encourages experimentation, especially with produce as costs of fruits and veggies fluctuate by season.  Brown also suggests ways to use leftovers to make new meals and how to liven up snacks with the addition of spices. If you are struggling to pay for food due to a low income or unemployment,...


Familiarize yourself with common key signatures. Practice scales and arpeggios. Learn the major and minor triad chords. Get to know some basic chord progressions.

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Being familiar with the basic musical keys will give you a solid foundation for musical improvisation. Once you’re thoroughly familiar with a few key signatures, it will be easier for you to create melodies and harmonies that sound good. Start by learning the major diatonic key signatures and their relative minors. One good way to start is to memorize the “Circle of Fifths,” which shows all the major diatonic major keys and their related minor keys. Scales and arpeggios are the basic building blocks from which melodies are built. Get thoroughly familiar with at least a few common diatonic scales and arpeggios so that you can start to develop an instinctive understanding of the different musical keys and their sounds. Start with a basic scale and arpeggio exercise book, such as Charles-Louis Hanon’s The Virtuoso Pianist. You can also find lots of scale and arpeggio exercises for free online. Learning triad chords will give you a great starting point for creating harmonies when you’re improvising. Major triads are 3-note chords that consist of the root, third, and fifth notes of the scale. To create a minor triad, lower the third note by a half-step.  Once you master the triads, you can experiment with building more complicated chords. For example, add the seventh note above the root chord to create a seventh chord. In the key of C, a basic seventh chord would consist of the notes C, E, G, and B. You can also create other interesting sounds by inverting the chords, or playing the notes of the chord in different orders. For instance, you can invert the A minor chord A-C-E by playing C-A-E instead. Most songs in western music are built around a handful of common chord progressions. Spend some time getting familiar with some of the standard chord progressions in the genre you want to play.  The chords in diatonic progressions are numbered using Roman numerals according to the position of each root note on the scale. For instance, if you’re playing in C major, the I chord is the C tonic triad (C-E-G). Minor chords...


Familiarize yourself with common mailing suffixes. Make use of seasonal phrases and expressions. Follow Japanese polite writing practices. Learn to read Japanese.

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You’ll see some suffixes over and over again in addresses and letters. There are quite a few, so don’t feel like you need to know them all, but some of the most common include:  City • shi • 市 County • gun • 郡 Master/madam • sama • 様 Neighborhood subarea • chōme • 丁目 Number (in a series) • ban • 番 Prefecture/state • ken • 県 Room • shitsu • 室 Town/neighborhood • machi/chō • 町 Wards (subdivisions for big cities) • ku • 区 There are many seasonal phrases and expressions you can use to get a letter started out. These might be just the thing you need if you’re not sure how to begin a letter. Some common examples follow:  寒さひとしお 身にしみる 今日このごろ • samusa hitoshio minishimiru kyou konogoro • In this time of piercing cold… 春の 日うららかな 今日このごろ • haru no hi uraraka na kyou konogoro • In this time of beautiful spring days… 厳しい 残暑が 続いておりますが • kibishii zansho ga tsudzuite orimasu ga • The oppressive heat continues to linger… Your writing says a lot about you in Japanese culture, so you should take your time when writing messages by hand. Avoid pencil or marker and write in blue or black ink. White stationery is preferred, especially if you’re sending a letter to a superior. Avoid writing messages or names in red ink, as this can carry negative implications for many Japanese. Where language is concerned, there are always going to be exceptions to the rules. The better you know Japanese, the more prepared you’ll be to overcome these challenges when they arise. Take a Japanese language or culture class offered by a local Japanese cultural organization. Many cross cultural events are sponsored by the Japanese consulate.


Familiarize yourself with common word roots to figure out definitions. Look up the etymology of words online to learn the origins of words. Read more books and look up words you don't know. Play word games.

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Many words are made by combining 2 or more roots that give hints on what the word means. A majority of words in English are formed with Latin or Greek roots. Make a list of common roots you find in your words. When you hear a new word, think back to the definition and the root word to figure out the spelling. For example, the word telephone is made up of the roots “tele-” which means “at a distance” and “-phone” which means voice. Knowing these roots can help you spell words like television, telekinesis, or phonograph based on their definitions. Words originating from different countries may have specific rules or patterns that can help you spell the words. For example, words originating from Japan tend to end with a vowel sound or the letter N. Study words that come from various countries and regions of the world to familiarize yourself with their patterns.  Ask a librarian or English teacher to help you find a book to help you learn etymology. Many schools have access to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) that lists the entire history of a word. Ask your librarian if your school or university has an OED login. Keep a dictionary near you as you read books at and above your grade level. If you come across a confusing word, try to guess what the word means based on the rest of the sentence, and then look it up in your dictionary. Make a list of the words you stop for to practice with.  For example, in the sentence, “I noshed on some pretzels,” you may be unfamiliar with the word noshed. Based on the context of the sentence, you can guess that nosh means "to eat." When you look up the word, you'll find nosh means "to eat a snack." Some e-readers have a built-in dictionary that lets you look up words just by tapping on them. Look online for crosswords or practice spelling tests to help improve your spelling and increase your vocabulary. Keep track of words that are challenging so you can come back to them and practice spelling them later. If you want to play games with friends, try playing a game of Scrabble,...


Familiarize yourself with different classes of office. Find available spaces to rent. Tour spaces and work on narrowing down possibilities.

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Buildings are broken down into a class system related to their quality. A building's class designation can give you some idea of whether or not you would consider renting that space.  Class A is the highest class of office. These are generally expensive buildings with architecture and amenities designed to impress high-profile clients. Class A buildings are usually only 1 to 2 years old, operate 24 hours, and include luxury fixtures like fancy elevators. If you're targeting high earning clients, a Class A building may be worth the investment. Otherwise, aim lower. For the average business, a Class A building does not have much advantage over lower class offices.  Class B buildings come in two types. The first type is a Class A office that has recently been downgraded. This is usually for minor reasons, such as the building showing signs of age and wear or fluctuating market values. The second type of B-grade building is a structure built specifically for holding office space. Both types of Class B buildings are generally as functional as class A buildings but are simply older and less fancy.  Class C buildings are downgraded A/B buildings. This is usually due to age. If a building is more than 5 years-old, for example, it will probably be downgraded to Class C. Class C buildings are just as functional as other types but might not look as nice and some technology may be outdated. Class C buildings can be a good investment as they're significantly cheaper, but you may have to account for the possible cost of renovations. You also need to take aesthetics into account. You do not want to rent an office that looks broken as this might put off clients.  While looking through buildings, see if they're furnished or not. If a building does not include basic amenities like desks, counters, and cubicles you need to account for that cost when making decisions about renting. Most buildings are not furnished unless you are talking about an executive suite. Now that you have a sense of what you're looking for, you can begin...


Familiarize yourself with good wire hamster cages. Learn about plastic hamster cages. Consider the pros and cons of aquariums. Learn about bin cages.

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A wire cage is a popular cage type for hamsters but usually is not big enough, so when looking for wire cages often rat cages with 1/2 inch spacing can work aswell as large hamster cages. A wire cage usually has a detachable base made of solid plastic. The horizontal bars are ideal for hanging toys and chews.  Big wire cages are more suitable for Syrian hamsters, since they are relatively large and would not be able to squeeze between the wires.  Be aware that your hamster could gnaw on the wires,- if not given chews and toys-, which could lead to various dental problems that may need veterinary care. Plastic hamster cages are multi-level, with tunnels and other areas that your hamster can run through and play in. In addition to being visually appealing (plastic cages are very colorful), plastic cages can be good for a dwarf hamster, since his small size would allow him to easily run through the twists and turns of the tunnels.  It can be fun to watch your hamster run through the cage. A plastic cage is not ideal if you have a large hamster, since he could get stuck in the tunnels.  If you have a dwarf hamster, he could easily hide in the small nooks and crannies of the cage, making him hard to find. Most plastic cages are too small alone and can only be used as attachment cages to a cage of the minimum size.  Plastic hamster cages should not have any edges that your hamster could gnaw on. Aquariums are not specifically made for hamsters, but could be an ideal housing option for your hamster. They are typically made of either solid glass or plexi-glass, which makes them very sturdy and easy to see through. To keep your hamster from escaping, the aquarium should be covered with a well-fitted mesh top. You may need to purchase this separately at your local pet store.  The minimum size aquarium that you should have for your hamster is 30-40 gallons depending on the specific aquarium. Just be sure to have the floorspace be of the minimum size or bigger.   An aquarium would be ideal if you have a dwarf or Chinese...


Familiarize yourself with other bends. Mark the position of the center bend. Mark the positions of the two other bends. Bend the center. Complete the saddle bend.

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A three-point saddle bend raises the conduit in a triangle to clear a narrow obstacle. This requires calculations and techniques described above in the offset bend method. The three-point saddle includes one bend to lift the conduit off the floor, a second bend to bend it down over the obstacle, and a third bend to make the conduit level with the floor again. Calculate the position of the center bend as though it were an offset. For example, conduct these calculations for a 30º–60º–30º saddle, the easiest setup to memorize:  A 30º creates ¼" shrinkage for each inch of rise. Multiply ¼" by the height of the obstacles in inches to find the total shrinkage. Measure the distance from the desired position of the conduit end to the center of the obstacle.  Add these two values together. Measure this length from the end of the conduit and mark it.  Note: Many benders only have a teardrop mark to show the position of a 45º saddle bend. In this case, a 22.5º–45º–22.5º saddle is the easiest type to bend. Calculate the distance between bends as you would an offset. Measure this distance twice, starting from the center mark and measuring in both directions.  For example, since a 30º angle has an offset multiplier of 2, a 3" high obstacle requires bends 2 x 3" = 6" apart. Draw a mark 6" to the left of the center mark, and another mark 6" to the right of the center. Instead of calculating this by hand, you can look up a Three-Point Saddle chart online to give you these values. Most benders have a teardrop mark used for the center of a 22.5º–45º–22.5º saddle. Others may have three notches or marks along the rim, next to a "center bend" mark that looks like a semicircle with an arrow at the center. These three notches correspond to 30º, 45º, and 60º angles. Line up the appropriate mark with the center mark on your conduit, and bend until the conduit touches the correct angle mark on your bender. Turn the conduit over and brace the handle against your foot, as you would to finish an offset bend. Rotate the conduit exactly...


Familiarize yourself with purity standards. Determine the right purity for you. Consider plated or vermeil gold. Pick your color.

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The value of gold is determined by its purity, also known as ‘fineness.' This is measured in karats. The karat measurement divides purity into 24ths. For example, 24 karat gold is 100 percent pure and 12 karat gold is 50 percent pure. While gold is generally more valuable at higher levels of purity, you or the person you are purchasing the jewelry for may prefer less pure gold for practical reasons. 24 karat gold is very soft and highly prone to scratching and damage.  Of course, pure gold is also vastly more expensive than alloyed gold.  If you plan on wearing the jewelry on a daily basis, you will probably want it to be no more than 18 karats, i.e. 75 percent pure, to avoid damage.  You should also consider how often your jewelry will come into contact with hard surfaces on a regular basis. For example, highly pure gold rings and bracelets are likely to experience damage if worn daily. Plated and vermeil describe methods of dipping other metals into molten gold to create a coating. This jewelry will be cheaper than the purer varieties but also more prone to cracking and wear.  Plating involves dipping a base metal like steel or brass into an electroplating solution with a lump of pure gold. An electric current is applied and the gold will attach itself in a thin layer around the metal. The plating is usually very thin and prone to wear.  Vermeil involves the same plating process but specifically refers to jewelry that has a base material of sterling silver. Sterling silvery is often preferred by people that have allergies to precious medals. The plating is usually very thin and prone to wear. Gold typically comes in yellow, pink, and white. There is also a rarer green variety. The pink, white, and green varieties are created by mixing gold with other metals. The non-yellow varieties are usually no more than 18 karats.  Yellow gold represents the color of the natural color of the mineral but that doesn’t mean that all yellow gold jewelry is pure. Don’t assume that yellow gold is pure and always check the...


Familiarize yourself with regional phrases.

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Germany has a rich and varied history and, as a result, uses different phrases and figures of speech in different areas.  "Moin Moin!" or just "Moin!" is another way to say "Hello!" in Northern Germany, Hamburg, East Frisia and nearby areas. It is considered an all-day greeting for everyone. "Grüß Gott" translates into "May God greet you," and is considered a way to say hello to everyone in southern Germany, Bavaria or in Austria. It is a formal phrase to greet a stranger or a teacher. "Servus!" is another greeting you'll only hear in the south of Germany or Austria, translating to "hello."


Familiarize yourself with signs of stroke. Recognize signs of a heart attack. Prepare yourself for a medical emergency.

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Stroke is a very real risk with AF because your heart is more susceptible to sending clots to your brain.  You and your family should recognize the warning signs of stroke. You may have some or all of the following signs when experiencing a stroke. Don’t ignore these warning signs, even if they go away. Seek immediate medical care. Signs of stroke include:  Numbness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body Trouble moving an arm or leg, especially on one side of the body Slurred speech, confusion, or trouble understanding others Trouble seeing in one or both eyes Trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance, or coordination Severe headache with no known cause Because AF can increase your chances of having a heart attack, it is also important to know what symptoms to look for. If you experience some or all of the following symptoms, go to the hospital immediately:  Chest discomfort, often in the center of the chest, that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes away and comes back and manifests as uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain Discomfort or pain in other areas of the upper body, such as one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach Excessive sweating Shortness of breath with or without chest discomfort Cold sweat, nausea, or lightheadedness While AF can be managed, it is always important to be prepared for a worst case scenario. There are many things you can do that will prepare you for any life-threatening situation that calls for immediate medical attention. Ways that you can prepare in case your experience a medical emergency are:  Keeping a list of emergency phone numbers with you at all times Wearing a medical bracelet indicating pertinent conditions you may have, including any allergies and devices such as a pacemaker Planning in advance the route to the nearest hospital and making sure your family knows the route Asking family members to take a basic life support course


Familiarize yourself with some common parasites. Know the symptoms. Understand the risk factors. Schedule an appointment with your doctor. Follow up with your doctor.

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There are various species of intestinal parasites, but only two main types: helminths and protozoa.  Helminths have many cells and are more commonly known as worms. Some of the most prevalent helminths are tapeworms, pinworms, and roundworms. Protozoa only have one cell, and unlike helminths, they can multiply inside the human body. The most common protozoa include giardia and cryptosporidium. The exact set of symptoms can vary depending on the parasite you have, and you may have a parasite inside you for years before any symptoms manifest.  Even so, there are some symptoms that the majority of infected people do experience. These include abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, nausea, vomiting, bloating, itching around the rectum, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. When you're infected with a helminth parasite, you may see parts of the worm in your stool. Since many of the most common symptoms appear alongside other health conditions, too, you should also assess your risk factors when determining if parasites might be the root cause of your problems.  If you live in or visit an area known to have parasites, your risk of becoming infected will dramatically increase. This is especially true if you embark on international travel to countries with poor sanitation. Poor sanitation and poor hygiene, in general, are risk factors for developing parasites. Those with weaker immune systems are more likely to become infected. This includes children and the elderly, as well as anyone with a prior health condition that weakens the immune system, such as HIV. If you think you have an intestinal parasite, make an appointment with your health care provider regardless.  You must do this first, even if you wish to get rid of the parasite with home remedies. Your doctor will test for parasites using a standard set of tests.  Most typically, the doctor will wish to collect a stool sample for examination. When testing for pinworms, the doctor may press a piece of tape against the anus for examination with a microscope. If you...


Familiarize yourself with stories in which characters support and care for each other. Spend time on your own hobbies. Seek therapeutic treatment. Try medication. Acknowledge your feelings but don’t react negatively. Understand why you’re clingy.

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Sometimes in childhood, we fail to form secure attachments.  Often this is because our parents or guardians were poor role models, and were themselves clingy or formed only unstable relationships.  By replacing your idea of what a secure, healthy, acceptable attachment looks like, you’ll be able to prime yourself to build your own healthy attachments based on the models you’ve inculcated.  Nonfiction in which people form healthy bonds borne of mutual respect include the Chicken Soup series of books. Fictional accounts of individuals forming healthy bonds and important non-dependent friendships include The Avengers, X-Men, or Justice League. In order to break yourself of clinging to one individual, distract yourself with some healthy hobbies.  Go for a walk, a bike ride, or read a book.  Whatever you like to do, do it without the person you’ve been too clingy with.  Use the time away from your friend or partner to discover what you really enjoy.  Pursuing your own hobbies will give you time away from the person you’ve been so fixated on in order to build confidence in yourself. Use your time on hobbies to take up old hobbies or try new ones.  Have you always wanted to learn to play guitar, but never did?  Now’s your chance! Psychotherapy is the best option to tackle your dependent behavior.  A good therapist will work with you to seek solutions to specific problems, such as your clingy behavior with or towards a particular person.  In order to prevent the development of a dependent relationship with the therapist, long-term therapy is ill-advised, though the specific length of your treatment will depend on your circumstances.  Trust your therapist when he or she suggests that you have had enough therapy.  If you have feelings of depression, anxiety, or a loss of self-confidence when your therapy is finally over, remind yourself of all the gains you’ve made and do not use your feelings as an excuse to prolong attending therapy. Group therapy might also be helpful.  In this approach, you will get to speak with...


Familiarize yourself with the Pokémon species. Look at the attacks and HP. Look for spelling mistakes, fancy borders around the Pokémon's picture, or a cup-like base holding the energy. Compare the energy symbol to other cards. Look at the text. Check the weakness, resistance, and the retreat cost. Check the card box. Look at the card's spellings. If it is a first edition, look at the circular first edition stamp to the lower left of the card's picture.

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Sometimes the pictures on fake cards show things that aren't even Pokémon, like Digimon (or similar imitators) or animals. Be suspicious if what a card displays looks questionable, or if there appears to be a sticker on top of the card. If the HP is anywhere over 300, or the attacks don't exist, then it's a fake for sure. Also, if it says (attack no.) HP instead of HP (attack no.), it is definitely a fake card because real cards display the HP first and not the attack no. first. That's only with old cards; new cards have HP 80 instead of 80 HP. However, a few genuine cards have the variable and the attribute name inverted as a result of a printing mistake. Do not discard the card as fake without making further checks, as if the card is a genuine with a mistake, it may be valuable.  Many fakes have energy symbols that are slightly larger, distorted, or offset from each other. On fake cards, the text is usually slightly smaller than on real cards and is usually in a different font. The weakness/resistance's maximum damage addition/subtraction is +/-40, unless the weakness is x2. The retreat cost is no more than 4. With fake cards, the box won't have trademarks and will say something like "pre-release trading cards". It will be made from cheap cardboard, without the standard bag. Fake cards often have wrong spellings. Common mistakes among them including spelling the Pokémon names incorrectly, having no accent i.e. " ` " sign on the 'e' of 'Pokémon' , etc. You may also see the cards spelling the attacks inaccurately, and not having any energy signs under the attack for the attack description. Sometimes (particularly for base set cards), people will stamp a card with their own 1st edition stamp. How can you tell the difference? First, a fake stamp is usually more imperfect and there are a few blotches on the stamp. Second, fake stamps come right off if you try to rub/scratch them off, very easily.


Familiarize yourself with the alphabet. Get a teacher. Go online. Go to the library.

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If your native language is Latinate, this will be very easy. If it's not, start with the basic sounds of each letter. There are 26 and there's a song to help you remember. Unlike many Germanic and Romance languages, English letters don't necessarily correlate with one specific sound (this is why English is regarded as one of the hardest languages to learn). Know that the vowels (and certain consonants in certain environments) have two or three sounds, depending on the word. For example, "A" sounds different in father, path, and say. Your number one resource will be a real live person that you can ask your questions to. He or she will be able to provide you with material and tasks to improve your skills. They'll also demand that you speak -- a skill that is pretty hard to learn on your own.  Headway, Face2Face, and Cutting Edge are all popular and reputable lines of books. But if you have a teacher, they'll be able to point you to (or even give you) a book that may be more catered to your interests. If you're looking for simple business English or simply conversational English, you may be better off with a book of a narrower focus. The best teacher is someone who's actually a teacher. Just because someone can speak the language does not mean they'd be a good teacher. Try to find someone who has a bit of experience tutoring or supervising others, if not teaching. It is a skill and, to top it off, more weathered teachers will probably have more resources for you. The internet is jam packed with resources to fill your time, bettering your language skills. Any English website is good, but you may find you're happier with ones geared to your abilities. There are many simple English websites or websites for recommended easy reads.  Simple Wikipedia is a great source for information on anything put into language that's easy to understand. With this site, you can study the things that interest you while simultaneously learning English. Breaking News English and BBC Learning English are good sites for news stories,...


Familiarize yourself with the alphabet. Get the pronunciation down. Know where the emphasis goes. Know what you're in for.

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If you already speak English or any language with a Latinate script, you may think you already have the alphabet down. But language is constantly evolving and while most things are the same, there are a few differences.  J, V, and W don't exist. Well, not really at least. There were 23 letters in the classic Latin alphabet. R is rolled, similar to the trill in Spanish. Y is known as "i Graeca" ("Greek i") and Z is "zeta." I can sometimes be pronounced as the English Y sound and Y is pronounced like the French "u." If you know the IPA, that means the letter I is sometimes pronounced as /j/ and the letter Y is sometimes pronounced as /y/. See the reasoning?  U is sometimes similar to a W -- in fact, that's where the letter comes from. It's written as "v." While pronouncing Latin doesn't offer near as many trip ups as English does (generally, each letter sticks to a sound), there are a couple of things to keep in mind: length and combinations.  An apex (´) or acute accent (like the accent aigu in French) is used to denote long vowels. With one, "a" becomes like the sound in "father" instead of the sound in "hat." "E" alone is "bed," but with the apex it's more like the sound in "café." Unfortunately, modern Latin spelling has made this very confusing by using the macron (¯) to denote length of vowels, too, when it's normally used to denote long syllables. Now it seems noting syllable and vowel length is a free-for-all and most dictionaries don't do it sufficiently. And to make matters worse, Spanish uses the same symbol to denote accented syllables. But if you find yourself in Italy and you squint a little bit, you should notice the apexes on Roman inscriptions (at least from classical and postclassical times) in all their rightful glory.   Different vowel/consonant combinations can change the sound of the letters. "Ae" becomes the sound in "kite" (or /ai/); "ch" makes a "k" sound; "ei" makes the sound in "day" (/ei/); "eu" sounds like "ee-ooo"; "oe" is the same as the sound in "toy." If you know the IPA, this...


Familiarize yourself with the anatomy of a micrometer. Clean the anvil and spindle before beginning. Hold the object in your left hand and place it against the anvil. Hold the micrometer with your right hand. Spin the ratchet counter clockwise. Twist until the spindle is against the object. Set the thimble lock while the micrometer is still on the object. Slide out the object carefully. Write down the measurements before unlocking the spindle.

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Some parts are stationary while others are movable.  Ratchet stop Thimble Frame Thimble lock Spindle Anvil Sleeve Use either a clean sheet of paper or soft cloth, and hold it between the anvil and the spindle. Gently twist and close on the sheet or cloth. Slowly, pull out the sheet or the cloth. This practice isn't a necessary step for measuring, but keeping the surfaces of the anvil and spindle clean ensures precise measurements. The anvil is stationary and can withstand more pressure than the spindle. Make sure the object doesn't move or scratch the surface of the anvil. The frame will rest gently on your palm. You can also fasten the frame on a stationary vise; this helps free up both hands for the measuring process. Be sure the 0 on the thimble is lined up with the scale on the sleeve. Apply enough force. The thimble often clicks. Three clicks is a good stopping point. Even though it is on lock, the spindle can still be moved. Be sure to avoid scratching either surfaces of the anvil or spindle; the slightest scratch can ruin the micrometers measuring accuracy. If the spindle loosens, be sure to remeasure.


Familiarize yourself with the basic structure for a rap. Write a catchy intro. Chose a strong chorus. Develop your verses. Read your rap out loud.

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The general outline for most rap songs follows the pattern of Intro → Verse 1 → Chorus → Verse 2 → Chorus → Verse 3 → Chorus → Outro. Depending on your content, speed of delivery, and the effect you want to have on your audience, your verses and chorus could be long or short, your verses could be short and your chorus longer, or any arrangement you choose. As an example, if you are trying to write a rhyme to get the club hyped, you'll probably want to keep your verses short and full of punch. Opposite of this, a slam poetry jam might do better with longer verses to tell a more engaging story. If the opening of your rap doesn't have a hook, you might lose the interest of your audience with the first verse. A powerful statement works well for opening your rap, or a hook that catches the audience's interest. You might hint that things are not what they seem, or that something is about to happen. Since your chorus will likely be repeated multiple times, you'll want it to be catchy but not repetitive. This can be a difficult task, and you might have to spend some time tweaking it until you are satisfied. Your chorus should generally be related to your topic and should connect to your verses. Think of your chorus as a bridge that connects all the parts of your rap together.  You could make your chorus strong by making it the central point of your rap. For example, if you're rapping about an old friend, you might use a chorus like, "He and I, we both came up / When times were lean and days were rough / And though we were just two young pups / He said we'd never be good enough / But I told him 'I'm not giving' up' ." It may help you to determine the goal in each verse before you start writing the words and trying to rhyme. For example, in a rap about romance you might decide that Verse 1 should be about loneliness, Verse 2 about falling in love, Verse 3 about where you think that love will lead. Once you have a general idea for your verses, it's time to start writing! Use the ideas you've come up with when writing...


Familiarize yourself with the board's layout. Decide whether to play as individuals or teams. Set your house rules. Choose a playing token. Get out the question cards. Roll the die to determine who starts the game.

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The Trivial Pursuit game board is shaped like a 6-spoke wheel. Players begin at the center, then move out to earn a wedge from each of the wedge-marked spaces where a spoke meets the outer wheel, and finally return to the center to answer a final question. On all but the oldest sets, a "Roll Again" space is set two spaces to either side of each wedge space. The wedge spaces are six spaces out from the center space. Trivial Pursuit is designed for up to six players or teams. If more than six people want to play, or if players aren't comfortable playing by themselves, you may wish to divide into teams. Team play is a bit more casual and may work well if you are having a party. Before you start playing, you should figure out if you will play by any special rules. For example, you may want to set a time limit for answering questions. If you do set a time limit, make sure that you have a timer handy. Or, you may want to set a rule that players must be very specific about their answers, such as with names or dates. There are six playing tokens in different colors. The colors are blue, green, yellow, pink, brown, and orange. Playing tokens are circular in shape with slots for the wedges. Place a token at the center of the board for each player or team. Some editions of Trivial Pursuit include track pawns that match the color of the pie pieces. You can use one of these track pawns to keep track of your spot on the board and use the pie token to keep track of your score. Older editions of Trivial Pursuit come with two cardboard boxes full of questions. With these editions, if players are divided into two teams, you may wish to give one box to each team; if players are divided otherwise, you may wish to use only one box at a time. Some editions, such as the 25th Anniversary Edition, have one plastic box for each category; in this case, place each box by the matching color wedge. The player or the team with the highest roll starts the game. After the first player goes, play passes to the left (clockwise). If two or more...