Recognize support is important. Connect on social media. Connect in your community. Connect outside your community. Don’t give up.

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A support group can not only help you answer questions as you transition to a vegan diet. It also can serve as emotional support and encouragement. The teen years are ones where most people are sensitive to wanting to fit in with their peers. Teasing or negative reactions to going vegan can be really upsetting. It’s important to have a support group, especially if your friends and family aren’t vegan. Social media is convenient because it can provide support anywhere, anytime.  Join Facebook groups for vegan teens. Join regular Facebook vegan groups and seek out other vegan teenagers there. Follow vegan teenagers on YouTube and Instagram. Join the vegan subreddit on Reddit. See if vegan clubs at colleges and universities you attend (or plan on applying to) have social media sites you can follow or join. Interacting face to face with supportive people can make your vegan journey much better than going it alone. Your community may have vegan and almost-vegan teenagers and vegan adults who would be happy to provide you with support and encouragement. Some vegan teens who feel alone may be surprised to learn how many people similar to themselves are already in their community.  Start a vegan and vegetarian club at school. Many vegetarians care about animals and would appreciate additional tips and education about vegan options. See if a vegan Meetup.com group exists in your area. Contact Vegan Outreach's Vegan Mentor Program. Vegan Outreach encourages people of all ages to sign up either to be a mentor or get a mentor. However, if you are between the ages of 13 and 17, they require a short email from one of your parents giving permission and stating your name and age.   See if your local university or college has a vegan student group. (Even if you’re not already in college, some may welcome you to attend meetings.) If negative reactions to your choice to go vegan is causing you distress that interferes with your life, consider calling local therapists to ask if they’re vegan-friendly and treat teenagers. Several...


Recognize suspicious requests or behavior. Look for signs that your child is being targeted by an online predator. Block the person from contacting you. Change your screen names. Contact the administrators of the website or forum. Take action on behalf of your child.

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It may not always be easy to know that you are interacting with someone that has bad intentions.  One way to keep yourself safe is to keep a look out for common signs that the person you are interacting with is an online predator.  If someone you interact with online demonstrates behavior that is in keeping with that of a predator, consider cutting off communication with them.  If someone repeatedly asks you to Skype with them or communicate via webcam, they may be an online predator.  Never send pictures or videos to anyone you are uncomfortable sending them to. If someone you speak to gets angry with you because you were unable to be online, that can by a sign that you are dealing with an online predator. If someone you are speaking too repeatedly brings up sex or sexually related material, that is also a sign that you are dealing with an online predator. Children are often targeted by online predators for a variety of reasons.  Identify if your child is being targeted by a predator by keeping an eye on their internet usage and their behavior.  If your child demonstrates any of the following symptoms, they may be at risk:  If your child suddenly becomes secretive about their online activities it may be as a result of their interactions with an online predator. If your child receives gifts in the mail from someone you do not know or receives phone calls from people you are unfamiliar with, they may be interacting with a predator. If your child becomes increasingly withdrawn from personal relationships and gets angry when they can’t gain access to the internet, that is also a sign that they may be interaction with a predator. Depending on how you have been communicating with an online predator, you may be able to easily block them from contacting you again.  If you don’t see a way to block the person readily, look in the “help” section of the software or social media site.  On Facebook you can go to their profile and click on where it says you are friends to view options that include blocking the person.  You...


Recognize that Apple has created shortcuts for you. Enter a number or symbol. Type in all capital letters. Enter a special character. Insert a period.

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Before you delve into creating your own shortcuts, make sure that you are familiar with all of the shortcuts that your iPhone's operating system has already built-in. To quickly enter a number or symbol without switching keyboards, simply tap the "123" icon at the bottom of your keypad and, without lifting your finger, slide to the number or symbol you want. Once you select it you may let go and your keyboard will return to "ABC." If you want to type in all capital letters, double-tab the shift icon until it changes to an up arrow with a line under it. To go back to normal, tap it again. To enter a special character, hold down the letter associated with it and then select from the pop up menu. For example, if you want to the letter "á" hold down "a" and select it from the given options. To quickly insert a period, double tap the space bar.


Recognize that TS is a random occurrence. Prepare for a range of possible medical and developmental challenges. Conduct regular testing for common health impacts. Live your life with TS.

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TS is caused by a missing, partly missing, or abnormal “X” chromosome in a female.  All indications are that this is a random developmental occurrence, and that family history plays no role.  This means, for instance, that you are no more likely to have a second child with TS if you already have one with the condition.  A male gets an X chromosome from his mother and a Y chromosome from his father; A female gets two X’s, one from each parent.  Females with TS, however, are either missing one of the X’s (monosomy); have one X that is damaged or partly missing (mosaicism); or have traces of Y chromosomal material mixed in.  TS occurs in about 1 in 2,500 female births worldwide.  This ratio, however, is much higher among miscarried and stillborn females, of which TS can play a significant role.  Testing improvements also mean that an indeterminate (but likely higher) ratio of fetuses with TS are aborted. Beyond the typical impacts on physical growth and reproductive development, the possible effects of TS are wide-ranging and can vary greatly from person to person.  The precise nature of the X chromosome abnormality and a host of other factors play into determining just how TS will affect a female.  Expect, however, to face numerous challenges. Complications arising from TS can include, but are by no means limited to:  heart and kidney defects; increased risks for diabetes and high blood pressure; hearing loss; vision, dental, and skeletal problems; immune disorders such as an underactive thyroid; infertility (in nearly all cases) or significant pregnancy complications; and psychological conditions such as ADHD. Females with TS are 30% more likely to have congenital heart defects, and 30% more likely to have kidney abnormalities.  All females diagnosed with TS, therefore, should undergo a cardiac evaluation and renal ultrasound, and continue to have regular checkups with specialists in these areas.  A female with TS should also undergo regular blood pressure, thyroid, and hearing tests, among other tests and...


Recognize that all voices have limits. Identify your own voice type to determine what notes you can likely reach. Remember your vocal limits. Choose appropriate repertoire and keys for your voice's current range.

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Most people have a natural range of 1 1/2 to 2 octaves, or about 16 notes. Therefore, the physicality of your voice might not allow you to sing very high notes without straining. Most professionally-trained vocalists have a range of no more than four octaves. Few singers can ever achieve a range of six octaves or more. You can expand your vocal range with practice, but that doesn't mean you can change the natural tone of your voice. No matter what exercises and training you try, your voice may not be designed to hit certain notes.  Women with higher, soprano voices can typically sing notes between middle C (C4) and “high” C. Mezzo, or second soprano voices can typically sing from A3 (the A below middle C) to A5 (the A two octaves above A3). Alto voices can usually sing from about G3 (the G below middle C) to F5 (the F in the second octave above middle C). Men with higher voices are typically tenors and can usually sing a range between the C one octave below middle C (C3) to the C one octave above middle C (C5). Baritone vocal ranges usually fall between the second F below middle C (F2) to the F above middle C (F4). Deeper bass voices can typically sing from the second E below middle C (E2) to the E above middle C (E4). Even if you're unfamiliar with the actual music notes, it's important to recognize that all voices have limits. As you begin the exercises to expand your range, you don't want fatigue or damage your vocal cords. Over time, your range will expand, but you should be mindful to protect your voice in the meantime. Doing so will enable you to be the best-possible singer at any given time.


Recognize that avoidance won’t solve commitment problems. Be honest with yourself. Prepare what you want to say. Decide what outcome you want from talking to your partner. Let go of knowing the outcome.

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It’s easier to pretend that problems do not exist. However, don’t keep putting the issue on “pause” indefinitely. This can lead to feelings of resentment building up. If this is an issue that bothers you, then it’s important enough to deal with it together.  If the issue of commitment seems to come up then go away frequently, set aside time to definitely talk about it and reach a conclusion together. Take a step back and ask yourself, “What is it that I want?” Think about what motivates you to be in this relationship and why you’ve chosen this person. What brings you happiness? What things make you think twice about this person? Some people enjoy the feelings of being in a back-and-forth relationship. Ask yourself if you enjoy the uncertainty or the tension this creates. Having an idea of what you want to say can help you stay focused and not let emotions take over during the discussion. Think about the main thing you want to discuss, and aim to keep this the focus of the conversation. Resolve not to let the conversation get off track or distracted.   Your key point may be, “I want this to be a committed, monogamous relationship.” One way to prepare is by starting at the end of the discussion. How would you like this discussion to end? Start there and find ways to prepare what to say to get to that point. Prior to having the discussion, plan what outcome you would like to see occur as a result of the conversation. Are you wanting your significant other to give you a verbal commitment? Or are you planning to give an ultimatum of “commit or the relationship is over.” Think through how you want to approach the discussion and what goals you have in mind. Be willing to commit to your plan. Prior to going into the discussion, think about your timeframe. Are you unwilling to continue in the relationship unless your significant other proposes within a certain time limit, like one year? Will you cut off the relationship right away if your significant other refuses to call you girlfriend/boyfriend? Don’t assume you...


Recognize that dreams are not a prediction of the future. Put all of the individual pieces of the dream together. Connect the dream to your real life situations. Listen to your gut. Decipher love and sex dreams. Notice recurring dreams or patterns. Talk with a therapist if your dreams are upsetting you.

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Some people believe that dreams can act as premonitions that foreshadow the future. However, experts agree that this is not the case. Instead, dreams are stories that you tell yourself while you sleep. In some cases, they may help you work through a situation in your waking life or cope with emotions. If you have a disturbing dream that scares you, don't worry about it coming true. Instead, focus on the feelings you felt. Perhaps a real-life situation is making you feel this way. Once you’ve analyzed each part of your dream, you can put it all together. This can give you a deeper interpretation of the dream.  How does the setting relate to the characters and symbols? How does each part affect the meaning of the remaining parts? Taken together, what does the dream mean to you? Some dreams are straightforward, making them easy to interpret. You may have just encountered that person or situation during your day. However, other dreams act as a metaphor for something that’s happening in your life. Use your analysis to determine how your dream connects to your waking life.  As an example, dreaming about something that happened during the previous day may have a straightforward answer. If you had a fight with your mom, and you dream about fighting with her, the dream is likely about the fight. Alternatively, if you have a dream about a house fire that you can’t escape, then it’s probably a metaphor for something that’s happening in your life. You are the only person who truly knows yourself!  That makes you the best person to interpret your dreams. If you think your dream might mean something, accept that as the meaning. These dreams rarely correspond to feelings of love and sex in your real life. Most often, love and sex dreams are about intimate connections in your real life. You may have gotten closer to the person featured in your dream, or they could represent something within yourself that you are embracing. For example, you may have a sex dream about an acquaintance. Ask yourself what that person could...


Recognize that flushing power steering is not necessarily essential. Locate the power steering fluid reservoir on your engine. Mark the current level and condition of the power steering fluid. Use a turkey baster to suction the old fluid out of the reservoir. Refill the reservoir to its prior level with fresh fluid. Repeat the process a few weeks later to fully refresh the fluid.

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Many owner's manuals never even mention steering fluid, and despite the urging of some mechanics, there is growing disagreement that a full flush is really needed for most cars. If the fluid doesn't smell burnt and there are no metallic bits in the fluid, you can get by with a simpler "flush." If your fluid is dark or you are losing sleep worrying about your car, this simple procedure will refresh your fluid for the foreseeable future. This is usually labeled with a steering wheel icon on the cap. Note the color and consistency of the fluid. If it smells burnt or has bits of metal in it, you'll need to do a full flush of the system. Note the current level of the fluid. This will take some time, and you will not get everything, but this is a simple and easy way to get old fluid out without a complicated flush. This simple procedure will protect your car, cheaply, and is just as effective a method as a full flush if you have no other problems. The power steering system is, relatively speaking, rather clean and simple. Unlike other fluids, like oil, the power steering system doesn't even need a filter. This quick "refresher" is likely all you'll need to do to keep your wheels turning easily. Many cars don't even recommend changing this fluid — you'll be ahead of the game if you even do this. Drive the car around, recirculating the fluid, and repeat a few weeks later if you want a full "flush." This won't get everything out, but more than enough to keep your car running happily.


Recognize that gonorrhea affects men and women differently. Know how gonorrhea spreads. Know what happens if you don't treat gonorrhea. Visit the doctor.

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50% of women may have no symptoms at all. Nine out of every ten men will likely experience symptoms. Painful urination, genital discharge and general abdominal/pelvic pain are obvious symptoms of gonorrhea that affect both men and women. You can get gonorrhea by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has gonorrhea. Direct contact is key. A pregnant woman with gonorrhea can also give the infection to her baby during childbirth. Take preventative steps to halt gonorrhea. Prevent Gonorrhea by using condoms, dental dams, or limiting the number of sexual partners you have. Gonorrhea can have numerous complication. In women, gonorrhea may cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). This can happen when the infection spreads to the uterus or fallopian tubes. If untreated, PID can cause chronic pelvic pain and tubal pregnancies. PID can even damage the reproductive organs and make it hard for a woman to have a baby. Gonorrhea can also make it easier for women to contract an HIV infection. Gonorrhea in men can lead to permanent painful urination. Gonorrhea is not a disease that you can cure with home remedies or sanitation. If you are sexually active or suspect that you've been with someone who has contracted gonorrhea, you should consult your doctor immediately.


Recognize that it exists. Forget about luck. Ban “undercutting” words. Cease comparing yourself to others. Let your ambition lead.

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Pauline Clance and Suzanne Imes coined the term “impostor syndrome” to describe feelings of “phoniness in people who believe that they are not intelligent, capable or creative despite evidence of high achievement.” If you worry that you are less clever than your colleagues, it is likely that you are afflicted. The first step in overcoming impostor syndrome is to acknowledge it, and to understand that many, many people experience these feelings. The funny thing about impostor syndrome is that it leads you to ignore or discount proof that you are qualified. In order to counter this, try to embrace your successes. Don’t attribute your accomplishments to “getting lucky.” It wasn’t luck; you worked hard to get where you are and you deserve it. Words like “merely,” “just,” “only,” or “simply” work to undermine your achievements and minimize your contributions, giving your impostor syndrome fuel. Work to ban these words from your vocabulary! Edit your email correspondences to remove these words and work to strike them from your vernacular at work. Often times, impostor syndrome rears its ugly head when we begin looking at the successes (or even the shortcomings) of others. Anytime you find yourself sizing yourself up in the relationship to other people, practice stopping dead in your tracks. Remind yourself that the only useful yardstick is one that measures you against yourself. Fear and self-doubt can get in the way of your achievement, but studies have shown that people who suffer from impostor syndrome tend to be very ambitious. Let your desire for success sit in the drivers seat. Take the leap, even if you are terrified to do so. You may always have bouts of self-doubt, but at least this way you’ll also have bouts of professional success.


Recognize that it’s okay to have mixed feelings. Allow yourself time to heal. Give yourself permission to feel sad. Spend time with trusted friends. Avoid dating for a while.

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You might find yourself feeling sad, depressed, anxious, exhilarated, and guilty...all within the same afternoon. These feelings might be intense and uncomfortable, but they’re all a normal part of the sadness felt after a separation.  Remember, there’s no right way to feel during a separation. It can help to remember that these feelings, while difficult, will pass. Recognize that surviving a separation isn’t an easy matter, no matter how necessary the separation might be. If this is a long-term relationship, the two of you will have built a large portion of your lives around one another. Don’t feel like you have to rush through the healing process.  Each person heals at his own pace. There’s not a set timeline within which you should be “better” or “fixed.” You might be helped by talking with a counselor or professional at any point along the healing process. Sadness is a natural stage of grief, and it’s different from clinical depression. Allowing yourself to cry when you need to, and to talk about your feelings with trusted people, will help you through the separation.  You might feel temporarily immobilized, as if stunned, by sadness during the initial stages of a separation. Trust that this will pass in time. Feelings like resentments, anger, and blame will rapidly drain your energy and attention. Rather than try to suppress these feelings, notice that they’re present, and try to recognize that they’re usually a form of fear. Watch for clinical signs of depression, such as inability to leave bed, crying for long hours of the day, sleeping too much or too little, and no improvement in your mood after several weeks of time. If you think you might be becoming depressed, talk to a professional or counselor. Talk to them about what you’re going through if you can. Talking with others can help you feel better, and you’re likely to feel less alone once you’ve shared your experience. You may find that others have had similar experiences, and you can learn from their hard times.  While talking with your friends...


Recognize that jealousy may be causing annoying behavior. Find ways to make your brother happy. Motivate your brother to get what you have.

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If your brother is jealous of some aspect of your life, he may be acting out as a way of expressing his frustration. If you think this may be the case, you may want to at least attempt to have a direct and honest conversation with your brother about how his jealousy hurts your feelings and makes things difficult between you.  Think about your situation and the times your brother has lashed out at you with annoying behavior. Is it possible he's jealous of your grades, your possessions, or your lifestyle? Your brother is probably motivated by a simple urge to vent his frustrations. If your brother is jealous because something you're doing now takes away from the time you used to spend together, the best way to calm his feelings may be to spend more time with him. However, it's important to set your limits and boundaries, and let him know that he needs to respect them. Your brother's jealousy is probably related to not getting enough attention. If you make him feel better about himself by finding things to feel good about, it might help snap him out of his jealous streak.  Even if you can't get your brother the same thing he's jealous you have, you can help him find something to be happy about. That might help curb his annoying behavior, at least temporarily. Give credit to your brother for the things he's good at. If your brother is jealous that you made the soccer team, remind him how good he is at other activities, or talk about how good he's doing in school. If your brother's annoying behavior is motivated by jealousy, one way to resolve the situation is to help him get what you have (or something like it). This obviously won't be feasible all of the time, but in certain situations, it can help calm down a jealous sibling. Plus, if your brother sees you trying to help him, he might learn to be less resentful of you.  If your brother is jealous of your good grades, offer to help him study. If he's jealous of the fact that you're better at him in sports, spend some time playing catch or practicing with him to...


Recognize that life is a journey, not a destination. Be honest with yourself and others.  Learn to accept yourself. Determine your values. Challenge negative self-talk. Embrace flexibility. Care for your body. Learn mindfulness. Stop “shoulding” yourself.

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This saying is a cliché, but it’s also true: life is as much about how you get where you’re going as where you go. Living your life to the fullest is a process that will take you your whole life to develop. Don’t get frustrated if it takes you a while to learn some things, or if you experience setbacks. This is a natural part of life. Dishonesty saps away energy and happiness. When we aren’t honest with ourselves, we hold ourselves back from learning and growth. When we aren’t honest with others, we damage trust and intimacy. We may be dishonest for a variety of reasons. Research has shown that sometimes we lie because we’re jealous and want to hurt others. Sometimes, we lie because we’re afraid we will be hurt if we reveal the truth, or we’re afraid of a confrontation. It can be hard to be honest, especially with yourself, but doing so will help you live a fuller, richer life. All too often, we spend a lot of time looking at what we don’t like about ourselves, what we’d like to change, what we think should be different. Spending all your time focused on what you don’t like or what happened in your past means that you aren’t able to focus on your future. Make a conscious decision to learn to love yourself, just as you are. Make a list of your strengths. What are you good at? These can be lofty achievements, such as inventing a new technology, or “everyday” skills, such as being friendly to others. Paying attention to what your strengths are can help you continue to develop them without focusing on yourself as a “failure.” Your core values are the beliefs that shape who you are and how you live your life. They may be spiritual beliefs or simply deeply-held beliefs that are important to you. Reflecting on your values will help you set goals for yourself that are “value-congruent,” meaning in line with your values. You are more likely to feel fulfilled and happy when you’re living in accordance with your values. Stand up for what you believe in and don’t let others push you around. It's possible to do this and...


Recognize that not all exes are friend material. Give him time. Work on yourself. Make contact.

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There are are a variety of reasons for  not  becoming friends with an ex-boyfriend. He may still have his heart set on you - in this case, hanging out with him as a mere friend is cruel. The opposite may be true - if you're still into him, you'll be setting yourself up for disappointment. Finally, your breakup may have been because of something so serious that it's impossible to look at each other without resentment. If either of you has been deeply hurt, give each other a wide berth. Even if he's calm, emotionally stable, and your history doesn't contain any gaping wounds, you simply might not want to see your ex again. This is  fine.  Exes don't necessarily have to be friends. Even the cleanest breakups can be the cause of hard feelings for both parties. Immediately after a breakup, there's a chance he'll be sad or angry. This is no time to approach him as a friend. Wait for his emotional waters to settle before proceeding.  Similarly, listen to your own heart. If you've still got lingering anger or you're a little depressed, give yourself some time to settle before you make contact.  The length of time you spend apart from each other after a breakup will likely depend on the circumstances of the breakup itself. "Messier" breakups can require months or even years before your feelings have calmed to the point where a normal, friendly relationship is possible. The period after a breakup is a great opportunity for reflection and self-improvement. After you've given your emotions some time to normalize, spend the time you previously spent with your boyfriend on yourself instead. Devote yourself to your hobbies or schoolwork. Spend time learning a new skill. Do things you like to do, alone or with friends. By improving yourself, you're also restoring your self-confidence and your sense of self-reliance, which will make it much easier to start new friendships (and, coincidentally, romances.) After a few weeks of self-improvement, you may find that you don't even think about your ex anymore! This will make it much...


Recognize that now is the most important time to feel grateful. Identify benefits of gratitude against depression. Counteract your negative feelings. Practice, practice, practice.

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While gratitude magnifies the goodness during good times, it is essential to be grateful when you face difficult times. Gratitude can help you cope with challenges by filling you with hope and healing. While feeling grateful may be difficult because feelings come and go, being grateful is a choice. Remind yourself that you have the choice to choose gratefulness. Aside from the many physical and psychological benefits of gratitude, there are specific links to gratitude lifting depressive symptoms. Gratitude helps shift thoughts from negative outcomes to positive outcomes. Being grateful boosts “feel good” hormones in your brain such as serotonin, dopamine, and oxytocin, which can help buffer against depression.  Instead of focusing on what you lack, focus your attention on what you have.  If you are reluctant to practice gratitude, remember the benefits of it against depression. Say to yourself, “I want to practice gratitude as a way to overcome depression.” Resentment, envy, regret, and symptoms of depression can be alleviated through gratefulness. The reason for this is because gratitude and feelings like envy are incompatible; you cannot feel both grateful and in lack at the same time.   If you're engaging in negative thoughts about the past, present, or future, start thinking of what you are grateful for in this moment. Notice the negative feelings when they start to appear. As soon as you notice them, say, “I am feeling regret, and it doesn't feel good. Instead, I am choosing to feel grateful for one thing right now.” Even if it's hard to change how you feel, you can always change your attitude. For more information, check out How to Change Your Attitude. Although doing a gratitude practice may feel contrived at first, keep at it. Your mental state will grow in strength as you keep practicing. Remind yourself that there is good in this world and that you are the recipient of many good things.  It may take considerable effort at first, but with consistent practice, you can begin to see and feel the...


Recognize that others' happiness is their choice. Know that not everyone will like you. Accept that you've done your best.

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It is great that you want to make others smile; it shows that you have a generous heart and care about other people. But at the end of the day, you can't force anyone to smile or be happy. Every person has to choose whether they want to be happy or not.  In order to be happy, experts say people must make a conscious effort. This can be hard for people who have been dealt a rough hand in life (such as those who struggle with poverty or illness), but anyone can choose to be happy.   Outside influences (like your lovely self) can only do so much to help someone improve their happiness, unless they are also making an effort to be happy. You could be the most likeable, generous, attractive, and intelligent person in the world and guess what? There would still be people who criticize you or dislike you.  This reflects more on them and their negative attitudes than it does on you. There are many reasons why it may be impossible to win someone over. Perhaps you remind them of someone from their past who hurt them. Or maybe they struggle with jealousy or a lack of self-confidence and seeing how happy you are only makes them more miserable. Some people even have abusive personalities and can't stand to see other people happy. So you've tried to make someone smile by doing random acts of kindness, being polite, smiling at them, offering compliments, and just generally being pleasant to be around… and they are still grumpy. If you’ve done everything you can do to make someone smile, at the end of the day you should be proud. You went out of your way for someone else. You have done your best, and that's all you can do. Keep being your pleasant self, but know that you can't fix everyone else's problems for them.


Recognize that radiation might not work on its own. Research how radiation therapy works. Get a Computerized Tomography (CT) scan. Undergo external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) 5 days a week. Have a doctor perform Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). Undergo internal radiation.

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Radiation therapy can help shrink tumors prior to surgical removal. Radiation can also help keep a tumor from returning after surgery. In conjunction with chemotherapy, radiation can help relieve thymoma symptoms in patients with late-stage tumors, such as painful breathing or chest pain. However, radiation by itself is not the most effective treatment option. Radiation involves the use of invisible high-energy rays to destroy cancerous cells. This helps stop them from increasing and multiplying. The type of radiation used depends on the amount of energy that is required to remove your thymoma as well as how far the thymoma may have spread. If you opt for radiation therapy, you will work with a doctor who is called a radiation oncologist. A CT scan is an effective way to create images of your body. It involves taking a number of X-rays at different angles and then combining them to visualize cross-sections of your body. A CT scan can help your oncology team determine the correct dose and position of your radiation therapy. The most common type of radiation that is used is external beam radiation therapy. It uses x-rays from a machine just like the usual x-ray procedure, only these x-rays emit a much more powerful radiation.  The procedure does not hurt, but it may cause side effects later including: fatigue, skin redness, weight loss, poor appetite, nausea, and vomiting. These are all due to intense amounts of radiation, which may normal cells along with cancerous cells. Many side effects are temporary and can be relieved with medications.  Another type of EBRT that is used is the three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). This procedure is able to accurately target a malignant tumor while also affecting less of the surrounding tissues. This means that this procedure has less side effects than regular radiation therapy.  Most radiation therapy is done for a few minutes at a time, for several days a week, continuing for several weeks. IMRT is an advanced form of 3D-CRT which can also be used to...


Recognize that surgical removal is possible in the early stages. Recognize that late-stage thymoma can be surgically shrunk but not always removed. Locate a thoracic surgeon. Check your surgeon's qualifications. Undergo a median sternotomy. Find out if you are a candidate for a robotic thymectomy. Ask your surgeon about the possibility for laparoscopic thoracic surgery. Have debulking surgery. Recover for three to six weeks after the thymectomy.

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If your thymoma is in its early stages and has not yet spread to the rest of your body, you are an excellent candidate for surgical removal of the tumor, the thymus gland, and some surrounding tissue. This procedure is referred to as a thymectomy. Surgery is the most likely course of treatment in Stages I and II of the disease and may be somewhat effective in Stage III. In the vast majority of cases, surgery by itself is sufficient to cure a thymoma entirely in its early stages. However, surgery can only cure about 25 – 40% of Stage III thymomas. If the thymoma has spread significantly, it might not be possible to remove the thymoma entirely. Surgery can be used, however, to drastically shrink the tumor, thereby relieving symptoms. This is referred to as debulking. This surgery may involve removing a part of the lung or the lining of the lung in cases where the tumor has spread to these areas. Some patients may require radiation therapy after getting debulking surgery to kill any cancerous cells that may have been left behind after the surgery. This is called adjuvant therapy. In most cases a thymectomy is done by a thoracic surgeon, or a surgeon who works primarily on the chest. Your thoracic surgeon should be board-certified, and you should be able to confirm her certification online. If you have some choice in the matter, try to locate a surgeon who has performed many successful thymectomies in the past. Feel free to ask your surgeon questions about his or her experience, including:  The number of successful surgeries performed  Hospital infection rates  Board certifications  Quality of the hospital This is the most common surgery that is performed to remove a Stage I or II thymoma. This involves splitting the breastbone and removing the thymoma and the surrounding tissues, such as the lining of the lung and heart.  This is an open surgery, which means that you are more at risk of blood loss and lengthy recovery time. However, this type of surgery does an excellent job of removing a tumor in its entirety....


Recognize that the shifts for flight attendants can be both flexible and inconsistent. Expect to work on holidays and other special occasions. Anticipate making a solid hourly rate as a Southwest flight attendant. Take a flight attendant training class to prepare for the job.

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Unlike other jobs in the customer service industry, you can get a lot of say in how many hours you work and when you work them. If one of your co-workers doesn’t want to take a certain flight, you can easily fill in for them. Additionally, you might have a schedule that alternates between set flight times and on-call duty. Because of the flexibility that comes with being a flight attendant, it helps to live especially close to an airport. Don’t plan on any extensive trips over the holidays, as you’ll probably be assigned to a variety of flights. Since the holiday season involves lots of traveling, there’s a very good chance that you’ll be needed aboard a variety of flights. Keep in mind that you might spend major holidays like Christmas and Thanksgiving on a plane. While your salary may differ depending on your experience level, take note of the average hourly rate for flight attendants, which is $32 per hour. Don’t be surprised if you make a bonus along the way, as the average supplemental pay for most flight attendants is $1,733. When you’re employed with Southwest, you’ll also have access to profit-sharing, as well as some stock bonuses.  Starting out, your average base salary will be closer to $22 for the first 6 months. After 1 year, it will increase to around $25 per hour. Additionally, you can expect to get a per diem, or small allowance, that lets you pay for food and other necessities while you’re traveling. Head to Dallas for 4 weeks to complete the flight attendant training program. In this class, you’ll prepare for different scenarios on the plane, and become well-rounded in different duties you’ll have to perform on a flight. Remember to ask your trainers for help whenever you have a question!  A big part of this training involves serving on practice flights. During these trips, you can shadow a more experienced crew member and learn exactly what to do. You can’t serve in a flight crew until you attend and pass this training.


Recognize that there’s no one Elvish language to rule them all. Know that you’re likely familiar with Sindarin. Learn the Feanorian letters. Learn the Tengwar alphabet’s supplementary letters.

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The Lord of the Rings series was written in part as an extension of Tolkien’s interest in creating new languages.  You could even say that the characters were literary devices through whom he could use the languages he loved to invent.  And invent he did: there are 15 different dialects of Elvish alone.  However, only two – Quenya and Sindarin – have enough established words and grammar rules to be functionally used.  People study, speak, and write in each of these languages. Sindarin was the Elvish language that Tolkien featured most frequently in the Lord of the Rings series. The names of many places and characters in the series are Sindarin, and the dialect was the most common Elvish language during the fictional time period of Middle Earth.  Sindarin is closely related to Quenya.  The distinctions between the two have to do with specific aspects of the fictional histories Tolkien created. Quenya, which uses words that mostly end in vowels or r, l, or n, is based on Finnish, a language Tolkien particularly favored. Sindarin words almost always end in consonants, and consonant clusters are more common.  Sindarin reminds many people of Celtic languages, and was based on Welsh. Though Tolkien also invented several alphabets, the Feanorian letters – which make up the Tengwar alphabet –  were most prominently featured in his work, and are most commonly used today. Depending on dialect, this alphabet is written in different modes. The Tengwar alphabet is always written left to right, in horizontal lines.  Find an image of the Feanorian letters online.  Note that different modes will affect the appearance of certain letters. Further, be aware that different renditions of Tolkien’s alphabets are extremely common.  Different renditions may appear differently depending on the fictional historical time period, or specific Tolkien piece, from which they were derived. Some common two-letter combinations in English – such as “sh”, “nd” and “ld” are replaced by individual letters of the Tengwar alphabet.   These letters...


Recognize that whey is a common form of protein. Buy only whey-free soy protein powders for workout purposes. Embrace other sources of protein.

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Most products that are promoted for protein content are likely to contain whey, which is a highly digestible form of protein for most individuals. Many sources of whey may be hidden in other protein sources, particularly in products aimed at building muscle or controlling weight. It is important to be aware of this fact before purchasing any protein powders. Protein powders made of soy, brown rice, hemp, pea, and egg proteins are often safe for those with lactose intolerance provided they do not also contain whey protein. There are a plethora of vegan protein powders that are whey free. Try MRM Veggie Elite protein powder, Vega One nutritional shakes, or S.A.N. Raw fusion for a protein boost that is guaranteed to be whey-free. Getting enough protein in your diet is an important part of a healthy lifestyle: women are encouraged to get about 46 grams of protein a day, while men are encouraged to get about 56 grams. If you suffer from lactose intolerance and need to avoid whey, you are in luck because there are many tasty alternatives to whey protein.  Eat green peas. One cup of green peas contains as much protein as a cup of milk.  Try quinoa. This tasty grain contains more than 8 grams of protein per cup and includes all the essential amino acids that the body needs for growth and repair.  Choose nuts and nut butter. Nuts contain protein as well as healthy fats; choose varieties that are raw or dry roasted for an extra healthy option.  Eat lentils, which contain 9 grams of protein per half cup and lots of fiber as well.  If you’re feeling adventurous, try spirulina. This is a blue-green algae that can be added to a smoothie along with other ingredients (like bananas or berries). It provides 4 grams of protein in one tablespoon and also gives you 80% of your daily iron needs.


Recognize that you are already the person you want to be. Look for roadblocks in your path. Find your truth. Release any thoughts that contradict your truth.

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The secret to becoming all you want to be lies in remembering that you already are! You already are the very best version of yourself. You just need to know how to be this person. Everything you desire is already inside of you, and all of the resources you need to create it are inside of you, too. What you are looking for is not out there in the world. If your level of self-love, confidence or abundance is dependent on circumstances that are external to you, then you will live in constant fear of them being taken away. True inner power comes from believing that the source of all that you desire to become is within you. There's a quote that says "the only thing holding you back is you." This is true. However, you must take stock of any attributes or habits you have that do not reflect the person you want to be. This may even require speaking to a few loved ones and asking them if they notice any unhelpful attributes that may be holding you back. Two common attributes that may be holding you back are:  Self-doubt. This is one attribute that can leave you immobile, never changing and never reaching your true potential. If you are afflicted by a fear of failure or insecurities, you need to combat them now. A great way to  combat self-doubt is to look for evidence of your successes. Identify all the wonderful achievements you have already obtained. Then, reach out to a few close friends and have them tell you a few things they admire about you.  Procrastination. This undesirable trait generally comes down to your self-talk. You tell yourself you work well under pressure, or that the task won't take that long so you don't have to do it right now. Putting it off for an hour becomes days, and the next thing you know you're pulling an all-nighter to finish.  Overcome procrastination by attempting to figure out why you put off tasks in the first place. Then, change the way you look at large tasks. Instead of trying to cram a lot of work into one sitting, tell yourself if you complete a small chunk, you can have a...


Recognize that you can substitute nearly all of the ingredients as desired. Wash, chop, and mash the fruit. Coat the tops of the cake with your jelly or jam. Pour and spread a third of your fruit on top of the cakes. Spread a third of the custard evenly over the fruit. Top the custard with a thin layer of whipped cream. Continue layering until you reach the top of the bowl.

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A trifle doesn't need to be cooked and requires little hard-core cooking skill to put together. It can be made well in advance and is particularly adaptable if you feel like new flavors. When considering your trifle, know that you have some options:   Fruit: As long as it is bite-sized, anything goes. In general, softer, sweeter fruits that pack a lot of juice do best.  Custard: Pick a custard or pudding flavor that matches your fruit, or use a vanilla-flavored custard that will go with just about anything.  Jelly or jam: Again, pick something to complement your fruits, but know that jelly isn't the only option. Adventurous cooks might use some honey, or even a chocolate spread like Nutella. Before you begin chopping, remove any seeds or stems. You can use strawberries, raspberries, and/or blueberries, for the classic recipe. Cut them into bite-sized pieces, then lightly mash the fruit. Try out a three-berry jam or raspberry if you're following the "classic" recipe, but remember that this dish is meant for experimentation. Slather the tops of the cake or ladyfingers with a generous helping of jam. Be sure to evenly coat the cakes with the fruit so the juice soaks into the cake. Don't worry if some of it drips through or clumps, you just want enough of it so that all the fruit is covered. If you want to impress some party guests, take a look at the side of the bowl and work on getting nice, even, visible layers between the cake, fruit, and custard. This optional, and is best if you're using a flavored custard. Still, the difference in textures between a thick, silky custard and light, airy whipped cream is a wonderful surprise, so feel free to use a little of the whipped stuff no matter your recipe. The order of the layers is cake, fruit, custard, then cream. Depending on the size of your trifle dish (or plain glass bowl), you may need to ration out your supplies to make sure you have enough for even layers. A little unevenness is somewhat inevitable, so don't worry about it too much.


Recognize that you cannot control others. Try the RAIN practice. Practice meditation. Do yoga Pay attention to your daily emotions.

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The only person you can fully control is yourself. While you cannot completely shield or insulate yourself from the upsetting actions of others, you can nurture yourself and build a buffer against daily frustrations and situations.  For example, you can't control irresponsible drivers, annoying peers, or conflicts in relationships. But you can control how you respond to the irritations. Try taking time to pamper yourself by giving yourself time to read a great book, taking a calming bath, or giving yourself time to go on a long walk in your neighborhood. RAIN is an acronym that can help you practice mindfulness in your daily life. Many research studies have shown that mindfulness practice can help relieve stress.   Recognize the experience. Acknowledge what is happening at the present moment. Notice how you feel, what your body is experiencing, and what you're thinking.  Allow yourself to feel these things. When you encounter thoughts and feelings brought up by an experience, allow yourself to feel them. Too often, we try to repress our emotions, which can end up making us more stressed and upset. Acknowledge that your emotions exist, and that they are neither "right" nor "wrong" -- they simply are.  Investigate the situation with kindness. Show yourself the same compassion you would show to a friend. For example, if you are feeling stressed out, you might feel that you are stupid or worthless. Investigate these thoughts. Would you say these things to a friend? Try showing yourself kindness instead by telling yourself something compassionate like "I am worthy."  Natural loving awareness will arise when you practice the first three steps. This will allow you to detach from those generalizations like "I'm a loser" or "I'm stupid." You will realize that while those feelings may show up, they most likely appear because of a fear or insecurity. Studies have shown that meditation can literally rewire how your brain responds to stressors. This is especially true for mindfulness meditation, which has been widely...


Recognize that you did something wrong. Think about the immediate and long-term consequences of your actions. Consider timing. Think about the reasons you acted as you did and what made you behave in that manner.

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Fight the urge to bury the secret. It takes a stronger person to recognize a mistake than to ignore it. Many kids get the instruction, “Think about what you’ve done.” Adults must also take time to see whom they affected, and in some cases it may be multiple people. If there are future consequences associated with a wrong, then you should try to repair the damage before it gets out of hand. On the other hand, waiting a little while to talk to the person may be the correct thing to do in cases where confrontation may hurt them and cooler heads would prevail. This is not a hunt for excuses, but rather a way to help you avoid similar behavior in the future.


Recognize that you may be labeled as the "bad guy. Weigh the pros and cons. Ask for advice. Decide if an alternative arrangement would work better.

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" If you are rescinding an invitation that you sent previously, understand that doing so may not win you any favors with the person or the other guests. Typically, it’s poor etiquette to withdraw an invitation after it has already gone out. The person will likely be offended by your decision. This may even jeopardize your relationship with them or others. Since there may be some negative fallout from revoking an invitation from a family member, you should carefully consider your reasons for doing so. What has the person done to warrant no longer being invited?  Did you have a disagreement with the person recently and are choosing to withdraw the invitation for emotional reasons? Has there been an incident that caused you to doubt their ability to behave appropriately? Make a list of pros and cons for not having this person in attendance. A pro might be “avoiding a scene after they have too much to drink.” A con might be “them causing a fuss if you take back the invite.” Review your list to help you decide if revoking the invitation is the best course of action. Keep in mind that you can't always take back the invitation. In some cases, not taking back the invitation will be the best course of action. Choosing to uninvite a relative is a difficult decision, one you shouldn’t take lightly. It may help to discuss the matter with a close friend or other relative whom you can trust. Reach out to this person and get their opinion. You might say, “I’m seriously considering uninviting Rachel from the barbecue. I heard about the fiasco she caused at the Andersons' gathering the other week and I don’t want to have that kind of drama at my event. What do you think?” Before making the leap to fully uninviting the person, determine if there are other ways you can manage their behavior while still allowing them to attend.  For instance, if your relative has trouble controlling their behavior when drinking, you might limit their access to alcohol or totally remove alcoholic beverages from the menu for all guests. If two...


Recognize that you will have to wait. Determine the eligibility for FHA and VA loans. Rebuild your credit in the meantime. Plan your finances. Prepare for a mortgage application. Consider getting professional advice.

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If you have been through a bankruptcy, you should be patient and try to rebuild your credit and financial security before making a major purchase, such as a house. Think carefully about whether or not this is the best move for you to make right now, and be prepared to spend some time getting your finances in order before making a big financial commitment.  If you filed for a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, you will generally have to wait four years before you can apply for a conventional loan, or two years for FHA or VA financing. If you filed for a Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, you will only have to wait two years for a conventional loan. For FHA or VA financing, you may be able to get a loan after a year. FHAs and VAs are government backed loans that you may be able to apply for if you can demonstrate that you have made all payments on time for a year after bankruptcy, and have your finances in order. A VA loan, specifically, is a mortgage loan in the US guaranteed by the United States Department of Veteran Affairs, issued to US veterans and their spouses. If you filed for Chapter 13, you may be able to get an FHA loan after just a year if you meet the following criteria:  Your bankruptcy was caused by circumstances beyond your control, such as a medical emergency. The circumstances leading to your bankruptcy are unlikely to recur. Your income was reduced by at least 20% for six months.  You may also require permission from the court before you are eligible to take on more debt. After filing for bankruptcy you should begin trying to rebuild your credit to give you the best chance of accessing major financing, such as a mortgage, in the future. You need to prove that you are a responsible debtor. After discharging all the debts in your bankruptcy, you should be able to get a credit card, but you will often be charged a high rate so you should be careful.  If you can’t get an unsecured card, try and get a secured one which you can later convert to an unsecured one.  If you get a new card, be sure to manage it carefully and...


Recognize that your pain is real. Cry when you need to. Journal or write poetry. Embrace your passions. Spend more time with friends and family. Enroll in a class.

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People who are in relationships for long periods of time mentally and physically affect one another. To move on, you have to recognize the impact that your partner had on your daily life and force yourself to maintain healthy habits, which do not include going on drinking benders and eating ice cream for every meal.   When you see your ex, or even photos of him or her, your brain reacts like you are experiencing physical pain. That explains why your body feels so beat down after you end a romance. Your brain can respond to a break up similarly to a person withdrawing from cocaine use—no lie. If you feel unfocused and generally out of control, that’s why. Spending so much time and sharing a bed with another person impacts your heart, body temperature, as well as how you sleep and eat. Don’t belittle yourself for having an extreme reaction to your partner’s absence. Give your body time to adjust. Shedding some tears will be therapeutic because tears from crying contain high levels of stress hormones. Crying also spurs parts of your nervous system. Therefore, after a bout of sobbing, you will feel calmer and your body will actually be more in tune.There is no shame in crying. Doing it in front of supportive people can be even more beneficial. Remind yourself that he or she was not perfect, even if you were not the one who initiated the break-up. No one has to read your journal or poem, so use them to vent about your ex, and to soothe your brain, which is off kilter right after a relationship ends. Maybe you dabble in art, writing, or playing music. Perhaps photography is something you used to love doing, or designing with Photoshop. Whatever it is, do as much of it as possible to occupy your time and mind. Hopefully, you were in continual contact with your loved ones while in the relationship. If not, however, or if you just didn’t spend as much time with them as you wanted to, now you can. Maybe there is something new you would like to try, like learning a new language or picking up some culinary skills....


Recognize that you’re feeling anxious. Get to the root of your anxiety. Consider couples therapy. Evaluate your relationship.

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It’s not easy to distinguish between healthy nervousness and anxiety and unhealthy, disruptive anxiety. If you find that your anxiety is disrupting your life or relationship, you may have relationship anxiety or even an anxiety disorder. If you think that this might be the case, talk with your doctor in addition to making healthy emotional changes.  Signs of anxiety include:  Worrying excessively Disrupted sleep Chronic indigestion Feeling depressed Sweating Relationship anxiety is often a symptom of an underlying fear.  Identifying these insecurities will help you address your feelings and reduce your anxiety. You might recognize that you’re feeling anxious but not know why.  Consider what you’re anxious about and how that might be based on an insecurity of yours.  Doctors believe that traumatic life experiences can trigger anxiety disorders in people that are already susceptible to anxiety.  We can also inherit anxiety traits.  Some medical conditions, such as thyroid problems, diabetes, heart disease, IBS, drug abuse, respiratory issues, and chronic pain problems, can bring on anxiety. If you think that you have anxiety, speak with your doctor to rule out underlying health issues.  Then, seek the assistance of a therapist to work through any life trauma that may be triggering your anxiety. Seeking therapy as a couple doesn’t mean that your relationship is a flawed or broken.  It just means that you and your partner could benefit from the assistance of a trained professional that will help you navigate communication, insecurity, and intimacy issues.  Attending couples therapy may also indicate that both partners want the relationship to succeed, and they recognize that they could benefit from professional assistance.  A couples therapist might not see you and your partner individually, as that may pose a conflict of interest. Some couple seek therapy as a pre-emptive measure, even when both partners are feeling no relationship anxiety. You need to honestly evaluate your relationship to determine if it’s...


Recognize the HUD. Familiarize yourself with the HUD.

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On your screen, you should see a bunch of green stuff. This is your HUD Starting clockwise at the top is your speed in knots. next at the top is your heading like a compass. to the far right of the screen is a small button which says 'Exit flight simulator'. Click on this if you want to exit the simulator completely. Below that is a number at the top of some lines that says 0. This will change and it is your vertical speed in feet per minute. Sometimes it will go negative, meaning you are going down. Below that is your altitude in feet above sea level. Right now it should be at 4320. In the center of the screen is an arc with some other stuff. This is your main HUD. The arc is your bank angle. The parallel lines are the pitch angle in degrees, so if it says 90 then you're pointed straight up and are stalling. At the bottom left hand corner will be a  box. The left side is the throttle. the top side is the aileron. The right side is the elevator, and the bottom is the rudder. Above this is currently nothing but this is where your flap indicator will be in percent and your landing gear status will be. The SR22 has fixed gear so you don't have to worry about that.


Recognize the appropriate personnel by saluting. Perform a salute during appropriate events. Do not perform a salute when it is not practical or against regulations.

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It is important to know who you are required or expected to salute.  Always salute the President of the United States. Perform a salute to any commissioned and warrant officers. Salute all Medal of Honor recipients, regardless of rank. Salute officers of friendly foreign nations. Perform a salute during the National Anthem. You should also salute during renditions of "To the Color," "Hail to the Chief," or other foreign national anthems are played. To an unfurled national flag outdoors. Perform a salute when the flag is about six feet away, and hold the salute until the flag is six feet past you. Salute during appropriate ceremonies. This includes military funerals, change of command ceremonies, and reveille and retreat ceremonies when the flag is raised and lowered. Perform a salute during the sounding of honors. Salute during the Pledge of Allegiance. Salute when rendering reports. When you see officers in official vehicles. Do not salute indoors unless reporting to a superior officer. Do not salute when your hands are occupied or it is impractical to salute. In such instances, a greeting can be used in place of the salute. Do not salute when operating a moving vehicle. Use good judgment in public areas. Salutes are unnecessary if you encounter a superior officer on a train or at a bus station. Soldiers on a work detail or playing a game should not stop their activity to perform a salute. Do not salute an NCO (non-commissioned officer).


Recognize the beginning of a psychotic episode. Call the person’s name. Ask the person if they have any medications for emergencies. Get rid of spectators. Err on the side of caution.

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Psychosis is a symptom of various serious mental illnesses, and is defined as a psychological break with reality. If the person seems to drift mentally, if their speech becomes slurred and incoherent, or if they respond to auditory or visual hallucinations, they might be experiencing a psychotic episode. If you know a person around you has a history of psychotic episodes, seek hints. Common behaviors in the days before a psychotic episode include: depression or irritability, alternating between inactivity and hyperactivity, and preoccupation with certain ideas, or social withdrawal. Talk to the individual, and try to get them to respond and communicate as much as possible. Make sure to keep calm as you do so and avoid making them feel judged. Just be there for them and try to keep yourself and the environment as calm as possible. If the psychosis is not too severe, gently ask the individual what they’re seeing or experiencing. Keep them calm and make the conversation as normal as possible.  If you respond to the psychotic episode with fear and anxiety, it could further trigger the psychotic individual and worsen their experience. Ask if there’s something wrong, and if they respond, try to get them to describe what they’re experiencing. Say something like, “I’m not sure what you’re experiencing, can you try to describe it to me?” If the individual answers coherently and affirmatively, get them to take the medication. Also contact the individual’s mental healthcare provider as soon as possible.  Ask the individual going through this psychotic episode if they’ve had episodes like this before. Find out what helped previously, and repeat that treatment as much as possible.  You may also want to ask if the person has taken any non-prescription drugs. For example, if the person has taken a hallucinogen such as LSD, then this would help to explain their behavior. Nobody likes to be stared at when they're struggling.  Usher away anyone who doesn't need to be here, such as children or curious strangers. Try sitting...


Recognize the benefits of getting your rabbit spayed or neutered. Neuter a male dwarf rabbit at as early as 8 to 12 weeks of age. Spay a female dwarf rabbit between 4 and 8 months of age.

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Even if you only have one rabbit, getting it fixed can improve the health and personality of your bunny. If you keep more than one rabbit, it’s essential that they each be desexed. Getting your rabbit desexed provides the following benefits:  Reduces the risk of certain cancers, especially reproductive cancers Decreases aggression Makes the rabbit a better companion Makes litter training easier Eliminates spraying in male rabbits Allows rabbits to safely live in pairs Reduces unwanted litters Your bunny’s testicles will start descend when it’s around 2- to 3-months-old. At this point, you can take it to the vet to get neutered. Desexing it early will help prevent your rabbit from developing aggressive, territorial behaviors, like biting, growling, or spraying. Separate male and female rabbits once the testicles start to descend. Don’t put them back together until the male has healed from his neutering. Your female rabbit will start to reach sexual maturity at 4 months. However, your vet may wait until your rabbit is 6 months old to make the surgery safer. Discuss the benefits of waiting with your vet to help you make the right decision for your pet.


Recognize the benefits of making small talk. Maintain good body language. Start with a small challenge each day. Find a model for social skills. Push yourself to try new things.

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Some people dislike small talk because they see it as fake or useless. However, making small talk can help you to build new relationships with people, such as for friendships, romantic relationships, or working relationships. Try to remind yourself that making small talk can lead to great things in some situations. Confident body language will help you give off the right attitude during conversations. Work on maintaining eye contact, sitting up straight, and doing other things to look social and engaged.  Be aware of your body language. Strive to look engaged with the person. Avoid gestures that make you look distant. Don't, for example, cross your arms, look at the clock or phone, or lean away from the person. If you want to build your social skills, start small. If you're shy by nature, you don't want to push yourself to do too much too soon. Set a goal to do one small thing each day to push you out of your comfort zone.  For example, you could set a goal to eat lunch in the break room instead of alone in a nearby coffee shop. This way, you'll have to be social with your co-workers. From there, work your way up. Set more and more small goals, until you're brave enough to go out for drinks with co-workers after work. It can help to model your behavior after someone you see as socially adept. You can, for example, study the behavior of a very social co-worker in your office. Pay attention to how they interact and make conversations with others. Try to emulate some of their behaviors. Shyness is often linked to a lack of confidence. If you're shy by nature, trying new things can help you feel more confident in yourself. Developing a wide skill set or a wide array of hobbies and interests can make you feel bolder. It can also give you more to talk about during small talk. Join a club. Take a class. Enroll in a sport's team. Do anything that pertains to your interests that is new and exciting for you.


Recognize the benefits of threading your eyebrows. Gather the right tools. Purchase the right thread.

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Although it sounds complicated, it’s really not. Threading your eyebrows has several advantages over other methods.  Threading the eyebrows is faster than plucking. It will also remove tiny hairs that you are likely to miss with tweezers.  Some people also consider threading a less-painful method than waxing and tweezing.   Waxing can irritate the skin, but threading is unlikely to do so. Threading your eyebrows is also faster and cheaper than using at-home wax kits. If you learn how to do it yourself, you can save a lot of money. The thread might cost you under $1. Many cities have salons that offer eyebrow threading services. If you’re not confident with your ability to do it yourself, see a professional! Threading improperly could result in eyebrows that don't look good. Professional threaders are often required to have licenses or permits.However, some studies have found dermatological complications from threading. You will need a few key tools in order to thread your eyebrows. Luckily, none of these things costs very much, and they are widely available in drug stores. You may already have most or all of them at home.  Buy a spoolie or clean lash comb or, if you don’t have those, find a fine-toothed comb. Consider purchasing loose face powder. Although not essential, it’s a trick that can make threading eyebrows easier. You will need very small scissors such as grooming scissors or those small scissors you can find in sewing kits. This is the most important tool that you will need to thread eyebrows. And here’s the key: Make sure that you buy 100 percent cotton sewing thread.  You need a piece of thread that is the length of your forearm plus about three extra inches. Other experts say the thread should be about 15-24 inches long, and longer if you have big hands. The less string you use, the more control you will have. Choose thread that won't snap easily.  Choose thread that doesn’t have a large amount of synthetic fiber in it, especially if your eyebrow hair is very coarse. If you can’t find...


Recognize the cards that make up a royal flush. Recognize which poker games are better for making a royal flush.

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A royal flush is an ace-high straight flush, a set of five cards in the sequence ace-king-queen-jack-ten of the same suit. In poker games that allow wild cards, wild cards may substitute for any of the cards in the royal flush. A royal flush made without wild cards is called a “natural” royal flush. Poker hands are ranked according to their respective rarity. The royal flush is rankest highest because it is harder to make than any other straight flush, while a straight flush is harder to make than four of a kind, which is harder to make than a full house, which is harder to make than a flush, which is harder to make than a straight, which is harder to make than three of a kind, which is harder to make than two pair, which is harder to make than a single pair. How hard it is to make a royal flush depends on the poker game you’re playing.  The hardest poker games to make a royal flush in are those where you are dealt only five cards. In five-card draw or stud poker, your chances, in general, of getting a royal flush are 1 in 649,740. (There are 2,598,960 possible five-card poker hands, only four of which can be royal flushes. The royal flushes are four of 40 possible straight flushes; the chances of getting any straight flush are 1 in 64,974.)  Your chances of getting a royal flush are better in draw poker games where you can throw away bad cards and draw new ones than in stud games where you have to play the cards you’re dealt. Your chances also improve if you have been dealt some of the cards that make up a royal flush; if you’ve been dealt four of the five cards, you have a 1 in 47 chance of getting the fifth.  Poker games where you are dealt more than five cards improve your chances of getting a royal flush. In seven-card stud or Texas hold’ em, your overall chances improve to 1 in 30,940. (In Texas hold ‘em, getting a royal flush on the “flop” or first three community cards, your chances are still 1 in 649,740, but they improve to 1 in 108,290 when the fourth or “turn” card comes out, and then to 1 in...


Recognize the cause of obstructive sleep apnea. Recognize the symptoms. Identify the causes of central sleep apnea. Note the symptoms of central sleep apnea.

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Obstructive sleep apnea is far more common than central apnea, and is most often caused by direct interference with the passage of air when your throat muscles relax, resulting in interrupted breathing.  The muscles in your throat support structures in your mouth and throat that normally remain open to let air pass through, even when you are sleeping.  The structures supported by the muscles in your throat include the soft palate, the uvula, the tonsils, and the tongue.  When the throat muscles relax too much as you fall asleep, your air passages are blocked.  This causes a 10 to 20 second lapse of time when the level of oxygen in your blood is inadequate for the amount your brain needs.  Your brain wakes you up briefly in order to restore the passage of air. In many cases, the person does not remember waking up.  This can occur as often as 5 to 30 times every hour, or even more, and continues throughout the night. Some symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea may overlap with those of central apnea. In most people, the cause of the problem clearly indicates one of the two possible types. Common symptoms that occur with obstructive sleep apnea include the following:  Excessive daytime sleepiness that may cause you to fall asleep at work, while watching television, and have trouble staying awake to drive.  Loud snoring, often loud enough to disturb the sleep of others, and is the loudest when you are positioned on your back.  Observed episodes of periods of time when breathing stops.  Waking up suddenly with a feeling of shortness of breath, often accompanied by a snorting, choking, or gasping sound.  Waking up with a headache and/or chest pain.  Difficulty concentrating during the day.  Moodiness or noticeable changes in mood.  Problems with insomnia, such as being able to stay asleep at night.  Having high blood pressure. While the symptoms are similar, the underlying possible causes of central sleep apnea are different.  Central sleep apnea occurs when the brain sends faulty signals to the muscles responsible...


Recognize the causes. Know the risk factors. Learn the symptoms. Understand the complications. Diagnose an enlarged heart.

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There are many diseases that can cause an enlarged heart. These include heart valve or heart muscle disease, arrhythmia, weakening of the heart muscle, fluid around your heart, high blood pressure, and pulmonary hypertension. You can also develop an enlarged heart after thyroid disease or chronic anemia. It can also be due to a build up of excess iron or abnormal proteins in your heart. Other situations have been associated with an enlarged heart. An enlarged heart can be caused by pregnancy, obesity, nutritional deficiencies, stressful life situations, certain infections, the ingestion of certain toxins such as drugs and alcohol, and taking some medications. There are certain individuals who are at risk for an enlarged heart. If you have high blood pressure, blocked arteries, congenital heart disease, valvular disease, or have had a heart attack. You are also at risk if your family has a history of enlarged hearts, since they tend to run in families. Your blood pressure must be above 140/90 for it to be considered high enough to be a risk factor for an enlarged heart. Although it is not a disease, there are symptoms that some people with an enlarged heart suffer. An irregular heart beat, shortness of breath, dizziness, and coughing are some of the symptoms of an enlarged heart. Your symptoms may also vary, depending on the underlying cause of your enlarged heart. You should see your doctor immediately if you have chest pain, shortness of breath, or fainting spells. There are multiple complications that can arise from an enlarged heart. You can be more susceptible to blood clots and cardiac arrest. You may also have persistent heart murmurers, which are due to friction during the flow of blood and disrupt the rhythm of your heart. If it is left untreated, an enlarged heart can also lead to sudden death. If you have an enlarged left ventricle, which is considered a severe case of an enlarged heart, you are at risk for heart failure. There are multiple ways that your doctor can diagnose your enlarged heart. The...


Recognize the challenges of ADHD. Choose a medication. Feed your teen foods that help control ADHD. Try to prevent your teen from eating harmful foods. Find therapy for ADHD. Use day-to-day strategies for managing behavior.

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It is important to keep in mind that ADHD is a serious condition. It is not simply a matter of your teen not trying hard enough or being "stupid." Strive to understand these challenges and react to them with compassion.  People with ADHD face serious obstacles as they struggle to reach their life goals. They often feel misunderstood. It is common for teens with ADHD to believe that others think they are stupid. Other people, including relatives may have a hard time understanding what you and your teen are going through. Prepare yourself for time and expense invested in therapy, trips to medication managers, and the pharmacy. There is often also a huge amount of time spent dealing with school issues. Children with impulsivity issues often rack up more trips to the emergency room or more suspensions from school. Much of this occurs during weekdays. As such, the time expended may mean lost wages or the need to take a job with decreased responsibilities or shorter hours. For many people with ADHD, medication is an important tool for coping. There are two basic categories of ADHD medication: stimulants (such as methylphenidate and amphetamine) and non-stimulants (such as guanfacine and atomoxetine).  It may seem odd to treat hyperactivity with stimulants. However, the brain circuitry being stimulated is responsible for controlling impulsivity and improving focus. Stimulants including Ritalin, Concerta, and Adderall help regulate neurotransmitters (norepinephrine and dopamine). So do non-stimulant anti-depression medications often used to treat ADHD.  Deciding on the right form and specific prescription of medication is tricky. Different people respond differently to different medications. Further, the effectiveness of the medications changes during growth spurts, hormonal fluctuations, diet and weight changes, and as resistance builds up. Medication can increase the ability to focus and decrease impulsive behavior. Many medications can be taken in an extended-release format. This erases the need to deal with...


Recognize the common symptoms of dengue fever. Understand how dengue fever is transmitted. Consider your risk factors.

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Dengue fever may not cause any noticeable symptoms if it is a mild case. In more severe cases, symptoms will start about four to 10 days after you have been bitten by an infected mosquito. The most common symptoms of dengue fever include:  High fever (up to 106°F or 41.1°C) Headache Muscle, bone, and joint pain Pain behind your eyes Rash Nausea and vomiting Bleeding from your nose and gums (rare) The Aedes mosquito is the main type of mosquito that spreads dengue fever. Mosquitoes become infected with dengue fever by biting an infected person. The dengue fever is then transmitted to someone else when an infected mosquito bites that person.  The virus is active in the blood of the infected person from day one to seven of the fever phase; therefore, anyone who might be in contact with infected patient's blood (such as a doctor or other heath care worker) can be exposed. Dengue fever may spread from an infected pregnant mother to her fetus, so extra care should be taken by pregnant women in areas where the virus may be present. If you live in or travel to a tropical or subtropical region often, you are at a higher risk of contracting dengue fever. You are also at greater risk of contracting dengue fever if you have been infected before. A previous bout of dengue fever also puts you at risk of developing severe symptoms if you are infected a second time. Many tropical countries in Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, the South Pacific, the Caribbean, South and Central America, northeastern Australia, and Africa. After 56 years of absence, dengue has also resurfaced in Hawaii.


Recognize the complications. Find your cat’s motivator. Love your cat. Take your time with a kitten. Deal with older cats. Consider your pet’s prior experience. Pay attention to your cat's personality.

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Cats can be easy or difficult to train. Dogs are more eager to please their owners, which makes them generally easier to train than cats. However, cats can be trained as long as you understand how cats think and interact with their humans. Training a cat takes a lot of patience, especially since it is so hard to motivate him. Every cat has something that will make him learn to listen to you. This key to training is called your cat’s motivator. This generally means the tastiest treat that he absolutely loves and goes crazy over. For some cats, this can be flakes of tuna while for others, a tiny taste of cooked chicken will do the trick.  Whichever treat you use, have it on hand and ready to reward the moment your cat obeys your command. Never strike a cat if he doesn’t do what you want him to do. He will end up resenting you for it and refuse to listen to you. The first step to disciplining your cat is first to make him listen to you. This won’t happen unless you develop a warm, loving relationship with your cat. This cannot be stressed enough. It's important to set up a good rapport with your cat from the beginning of your relationship. This will ensure that he respects you, will want to please you, and will listen to your commands. If you are just acquiring a cat, give him lots of attention. Spend time cuddling with him if he responds to that. If not, try to talk to him and pet him as much as you can, and give him treats once in a while. This may take a few days to a few weeks, depending on how long he takes to warm up to you and his new environment. Although it's important to discipline your cat as soon as any bad behavior starts, take the time to consider who you're dealing with. There are some cat specific factors that may affect how your pet reacts to your attempts at discipline.  If you have a kitten, you should expect him to be very rambunctious, curious, and inexperienced. It may take longer for a kitten to learn right and wrong, so be patient as he figures it out. On the other hand, having a kitten...


Recognize the dangers of lead. Don’t overreact to the situation. Look at both sides of the debate. Take practical steps to reduce lead exposure from cosmetics.

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Lead is an element that has served useful purposes from plumbing to paint and beyond for centuries, but the dangers of excessive lead levels in the body have become apparent in recent decades.  Lead is a neurotoxin that can cause behavioral, developmental, and learning difficulties.  It is therefore particularly dangerous for children and their developing brains. See the handout created by an agency of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (available at http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp13-c1-b.pdf) for detailed information about lead, how it enters the body, how it impacts the body, and how to limit exposure. Yes, 400 out of 400 cosmetics tested by the FDA in 2010 contained lead (and a separate major study also got a 100% result).  And yes, lead is a toxic substance.  That said, among the most likely sources for dangerous levels of lead exposure, your cosmetics are pretty low on the list.  Continuing to use cosmetics is unlikely to significantly alter the amount of lead in your body, and pitching all your cosmetics will not protect you from possible lead exposure from more likely sources.  You are more likely to be exposed to higher levels of lead by way of water carried through old pipes, houses built before 1978 with flaking paint, and airborne dust near industrial sites, to name some examples.  Often with good intentions, some individuals and groups have resorted to scare tactics in order to advocate for the removal of all traces of lead from cosmetics.  You may have gotten emails before that say cosmetics companies intentionally use lead because it lowers their costs, and that lead causes cancer. In reality, most lead in cosmetics occurs as a natural contaminant, and the possible links between lead exposure and certain cancers are still unclear. On one hand, then, you have organizations like the FDA that state that the small amounts of lead found in cosmetics are of no real health concern.  On the other hand, you have advocacy groups and some researchers who focus on the fact...


Recognize the difference between a cartoonist and a computer animator. Keep in mind the pay scale. Be aware of the work environment.

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A computer animator is different than a cartoonist as an animator works with 3D software to build animated objects, people, and images. Though you will need to have excellent drawing skills, you will be using software and computers to create animations, rather than pen and paper. As a computer animator, you will still be able to tell stories and be artistic but you will also need to be skilled in software and computers. You are expected to be a highly skilled visual artist who can use technology with confidence and expertise. The average yearly salary for multimedia animators was $64,470 in 2013. However, your pay can fluctuate based on the industry you are employed in. You may also be paid more or less if you work per hour rather than on a salary basis. Computer animators who work for themselves as freelancers may arrange hourly pay or pay per project, depending on their clients. The highest paying industries for computer animators are the motion picture and video industries ($84,610) and the software publishers industry ($72,230). You may also be employed in the computer systems design industry, with an annual mean wage of $67,740, the advertising and public relations industry ($65,760) and the specialized design services industry ($63,350). The work environment for a computer animator will shift depending on what industry you work in and if you work for a large animation studio or on your own as a self-employed animator.  If you work at a large animation studio, you will likely work in an office environment with other animators and designers. You may work in a team on specific projects or have a hand in several ongoing projects at a time. If you work for yourself as a freelance computer animator, you will likely work from a home office.


Recognize the difference between a rabbitat and a cage. Consider available space. Provide cozy  nooks. Leave a space for a litter pan. Secure the playground.

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You can use your rabbit playground as housing for your rabbit, or it may be part of daily playtime. In general, a rabbitat is a larger, more open space that provides elements such as grazing space, foraging opportunities, and hiding spots. Cages may be smaller and a space in which you house the rabbit when you're away.  Consider using an enclosed playground instead of a cage. The more room your rabbit has to play, the happier it is. This also integrates your rabbit more effectively into your family. Use pre-fabricated cubes, puppy pens, and stackable rabbit condos for the playground. You can also order pre-fabricated rabbit playgrounds or even boxes you have around the house. These differ from cages in their spatial dimensions and what they offer a rabbit for hiding, climbing, and foraging spaces. Rabbits naturally jump around in the wild. They also like to spend time underground. Your rabbitat will need enough space for jumping and burrowing. Ideally, your rabbitat should be at least 32 square feet.  Designate space within a room or an entire room for your rabbit playground. If you live in a small home or an apartment, you may want to invest in stackable hutches, cubes, or condos. These allow you to offer plenty of space for jumping and hiding as well as a litter pan.  Make sure your designated space is in a cooler spot. Rabbits are very sensitive to heat and don't like direct sunlight. Bedding you add can keep your rabbit warm if the room or weather is cooler. Rabbits are most active at dawn and dusk. Because of this, they often sleep during the day. Incorporate dark, cool, and cozy spaces in the playground for your rabbit to sleep. These also provide an area to hide if your rabbit feels threatened.  Use boxes or hutches as sleeping spaces. These provide shade and darkness that allow your rabbit to sleep and hide. They also offer cozy nooks and corners that your rabbit can cuddle into. Place a dark cloth over the playground if you're using stackable pieces. This can provide necessary shade and darkness for...


Recognize the difference between assertive and aggressive responses. Use assertive body language. Lean towards “I” statements. Do not be defensive. Remember you decide the worthiness of your thoughts. Explain cultural or lifestyle differences.

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Being assertive means you stand up for yourself and share your thoughts and feelings with others. You do not want to hurt others with your words. Instead, you want to make your point known. Aggressive language occurs when you belittle others. You might be proving your point at the expense of another.  Assertive communication would be: “Gretchen, I would like you to be more open to my personal situation at present. My brother is sick so I cannot come to practice as often.” See be assertive for more tips. Aggressive communication would be: “Gretchen, you’re such a mean girl. I don’t know how anyone could be so insensitive when another person has a very sick brother. Don’t you have a heart?” Stand tall with your shoulders back. Don't slouch or lean against a wall. Keep your head high and look people in their eyes. Rather than crossing your arms, keep them at your sides or even on your hips. If sitting, keep your legs uncrossed with your feet planted firmly on the floor. Instead of using the accusatory “you,” frame your responses with “I.” For example, “I feel hurt when you ignore my needs” rather than “You always forget that I need a ride.” By keeping the focus on “I,” you are less likely to issue blame. Instead, you open a dialogue. When standing up for yourself, try to state facts. Do not just defend yourself. For example, saying, “Gretchen, you’re being unfair!” will be ineffective. Although it is important to say when someone hurts your feelings, explain why. Saying that you’re sad helps if people know the reason. Try the following: You might say, “Gretchen, I feel like you do not understand why I miss practice so often. My brother is very sick and my family travels twice a week one hour to visit him in the hospital. I want to be committed to the team but right now, my brother is more important. I hope you can understand.” If someone is belittling you, realize that no one can make your thoughts worthless. If you think them, they are valuable. That does not mean they are always right. Thus, be aware of the...


Recognize the difference between wedding casual and true casual. Wear a dress shirt or dress. Include a tie if you want to. Wear everyday hair and makeup. Avoid logos and branded clothing. Keep it as casual as the hosts want.

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There is no such thing as true “casual” for a wedding ceremony. After all, weddings are meant to be the event of a lifetime! Although you should ultimately rely on the wedding hosts' definition of the term, it's safer to air on the side of caution with business casual. This includes dress pants and a polo shirt for men, and a skirt and blouse for women. A plain dress shirt is a good choice for men, with a jacket going overtop. For women, a cocktail dress will fit each stage of the casual wedding ceremony. Graphic fabrics may be worn at casual and semi-casual ceremonies. You don't need to wear a tie in a casual setting. However, it certainly won't be looked down upon, and can add a sense of class to your look regardless of what else you're wearing. The "casual" aspect of the wedding ceremony will be emphasized when it comes to makeup and hair. Although you may put in the extra effort if you want to, you shouldn't go too far with sprucing yourself up. If the hosts are stressing a casual event, you won't want to attract too much attention to yourself by going overboard. While being casual means dressing only a bit nicer than you normally would, you should still avoid any sort of clothes that feature brand names or graphic art. Keep your attire simple but elegant. If the wedding is meant to be casual, there is such a thing as being overdressed. Do your best to adhere to whatever dress instructions the wedding invitation lays out for you, and it's unlikely you'll run into problems.


Recognize the early symptoms of syphilis. Know the complications of late stage syphilis. Get a formal test for syphilis. Inform a physician if you are pregnant before beginning syphilis treatment. Ask about alternative antibiotics if you have a penicillin allergy.

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If you think you have syphilis, then you will need to seek a diagnosis and medical treatment. Syphilis has multiple stages with different types of symptoms. These symptoms may come and go, but it doesn’t mean the disease is gone unless you have been treated. In the later stages, you may have no symptoms of syphilis itself but instead suffer from severe effects such as brain, liver, nerve, and bone damage.  Early symptoms of syphilis  include:  A chancre, which is a small sore that appears near your mouth, anus, penis, or vagina. This is typically associated with swollen lymph nodes in the groin area. A rash that starts on your torso and then spreads to the rest of your body, including palms and soles which is indicative of the secondary stage of syphilis Warts around the mouth and/or genitals. Muscle aches Fever Sore throat Swollen lymph nodes In the latent or later stages of syphilis, the early symptoms disappear. Without treatment you can continue to carry syphilis for years. 10 to 30 years after the initial infection you may develop late stage syphilis. This can cause severe symptoms, including:  Difficulty coordinating your muscle movements Paralysis Numbness, Blindness Dementia Organ damage that can lead to death A variety of tests can be used to detect syphilis and the stage of its progression. These can range from examination of the sores’ fluid to spinal fluid examination and echocardiograms. Most commonly, a quick and cheap blood test is sufficient to diagnose syphilis.  Blood tests are used to confirm antibodies your body makes to fight the illness.  Testing fluid scraped from sores will show the presence of the bacteria, but can only be done when sores are present.  Spinal fluid tests should be used when you think you may have cerebral forms of this disease. Certain antibiotics can be dangerous to the developing baby if used during pregnancy. Penicillin is typically used to treat syphilis in pregnant women. Penicillin G is the only known means by which to prevent transmission of syphilis to the...