Avoid wearing headphones while you are out. Do not look at your phone while you are walking. Learn to recognize potential dangers. Trust your instincts.

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While it may be enjoyable to listen to music while you walk around, it is best to stay as alert as possible. Not being able to hear your surroundings will make you vulnerable to accidents or attacks. If you absolutely have to listen to music or other audio while you're out, use only one earphone or play it at a very low volume. Your phone can be incredibly distracting, between social media, games, text messages, phone calls, and viral videos. Put your phone away while you are on the move so that you can keep your head up and concentrate on your surroundings. If you do need to check your phone, stop and look at it quickly to avoid putting yourself at risk for an accident, pickpocketing, or other incident. Staying alert means noticing things that may cause you harm and avoiding them accordingly. As you travel, look out for potential dangers and keep track of them vigilantly. In particular, steer clear of:  Parked vans Groups or individuals loitering Anyone who seems to be disguising their face If you feel uneasy or uncomfortable in a situation, remove yourself immediately. Regardless of whether or not you have reason to suspect trouble, always trust your gut. If someone's behaviour has you on alert, excuse yourself and leave promptly so they do not have a chance to talk you out of it.


Avoid your migraine triggers. Stop behaviors that can worsen migraines. Manage stress. Try alternative treatments such as acupuncture and massage. Try supplements if your doctor approves.

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Researchers still don’t know exactly what causes migraines, but they seem to be linked to environmental factors. Triggers include things like bright lights, loud sounds, strong fumes, irregular sleeping and eating patterns, and certain foods. If you know what sorts of things tend to cause you to have a migraine, you can avoid or manage the triggers. For instance:  If bright lights trigger your migraines, reduce the amount of time you spend in full sunlight, in fully lit rooms, or looking at screens on computers, smartphones, and tablets. You can also buy different colored lens that will block certain wavelengths that cause issues for you.  If you tend to have migraines when you are tired, get on a regular sleep schedule so you go to bed and wake up at the same time everyday. Certain activities and habits can make migraines more likely, frequent, or severe. Eliminating these from your life can help stop your migraine problems.  Limit your consumption of alcohol and caffeine. While some patients benefit from minimal caffeine consumption, partaking more than 3 times per week can increase migraines.  Stop smoking. Stop using oral contraceptives. Don’t skip meals. Many people who have migraines find that they seem to be caused by stress or worsened because of it. Learning to deal with stress and anxiety will not only help reduce your migraine problem, it can also improve your overall quality of life. Ways to manage stress include:  Exercising Trying relaxation techniques Do breathing exercises Doing yoga Acupuncture can help lower pain, while massage may lower the frequency of migraines. Everyone responds differently to treatment, so do what works for you. You can even try self massage. Some vitamins and minerals can help prevent migraines. Vitamin B-2 (riboflavin), Coenzyme Q10, and magnesium are all great options. Always talk to your doctor before taking any vitamins or supplements. Your doctor can help you determine a proper dosage to meet your needs.


Avoid your psoriasis triggers to prevent it. Protect your skin from the sun while you're outdoors. Moisturize Take daily baths instead of showers. Do yoga Learn to manage your stress levels. Avoid drinking alcohol

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Stay away from activities, foods, and substances that aggravate your psoriasis. When you have a flare-up, write down what you ate and what you were doing before it occurred. This will help you find your triggers. While some of your triggers will be unique to you, there are common triggers to avoid:  Injuring your skin, e.g., by scraping yourself or scrubbing your skin too aggressively Over-exposure to the sun Stress Smoking Certain infections, such as strep throat, bronchitis, or tonsillitis. Protect yourself by washing your hands regularly and avoiding contact with sick people as much as possible. Although sunlight can help your psoriasis in small doses, it's very harmful if you spend a lot of time in the sun. Sunburn can trigger your flare-ups, so protect your skin! Take the following precautions when going outdoors:  Wear a large hat to protect your scalp and face. Apply a fragrance-free broad-spectrum sunscreen, especially to skin not affected by psoriasis. Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes. your skin daily to prevent dry skin. Use a heavy, oil-based moisturizer that is fragrance free. Apply the cream to your whole body right after your bath or shower to lock in moisture.  During winter, apply your moisturizer twice a day if your skin feels dry. If you're having trouble finding a moisturizer, talk to your doctor or dermatologist. Soaking in a warm bath can help relieve the scaling of your rash and calm your skin. Wash your skin with a soap that contains fats or oils. Then, run a warm bath and add .5 cups (120 mL) of bath oil, .5 cups (85 g) of colloidal oatmeal, or .5 cups (110 g) of Epsom or Dead Sea salts. Soak in the tub for 10 minutes, then rinse off. Pat yourself dry with a clean towel.  Make sure any salts or oils you use are fragrance free. You can buy colloidal oatmeal for baths at your local drugstore, or you can prepare the oatmeal yourself by grinding up rolled oats. daily to reduce inflammation and stress. Inflammation and stress can both worsen your psoriasis or trigger flare-ups. Yoga can...


Avoid “single-use plastics. Dispose of your trash with care. Reduce your greenhouse gas emissions.

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” Plastic waste, improperly disposed of, is a leading cause of harm to oceans and their wildlife. Plastic waste that finds its way to the ocean does not decompose and can collect in the bellies of wildlife or in floating islands of trash.  Bring reusable bags to the store, and look for products with minimal packaging. Bring your own mug to the coffee shop, and avoid individually packaged foods and drinks (including single-cup coffee makers).  When you cannot avoid plastic packaging, look for items you can reuse or recycle. Always place your garbage in trash cans, and do not litter. Pay particular attention to plastic items that cannot be recycled and pose a threat to marine and other wildlife. Avoid buying six-packs with plastic ring holders, as fish and birds can get caught in them and suffocate. If you must purchase items with these holders, be sure to cut the rings apart before disposing of them, or look for companies that use holders that are edible for fish. Rising water temperatures disrupt the oceans’ ecosystems. Find ways to reduce your “carbon footprint” by minimizing your use of energy produced by burning petroleum, coal, and other fossil fuels.  Buy local and in-season produce. The shorter the distance your food has to travel from its origin to your plate, the less energy spent and fewer pollutants produced to get it there. Support renewable energy. Check with your energy company to see if you can opt for wind- or solar-produced power. Make your home more energy efficient. Look for energy efficient light bulbs and household appliances. Many utility companies offer free energy audits that check your windows and doors, HVAC system, insulation, and other features of your home where heat loss frequently occurs. Reduce the amount of gasoline you use by carpooling or taking public transportation, or combining multiple errands into one trip. Or, walk or ride a bike, if you can.


Awaken your senses. Focus inward, not outward. Pick up a pen and paper. Do something uplifting that you enjoy.

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Does your routine involve lurching awake to a blaring alarm clock, jolting yourself into consciousness by dunking your face in a sink full of cold water, and scalding your throat by chugging down some coffee?  If so, trying to engage each of your senses in a more pleasant, uplifting manner may help set a better tone for your new day.  Natural sunlight signals the body to transition from sleeping to waking modes, so try to start each day by opening the shades.  Better yet, open up the window or go outside.  Breathe in the fresh air, listen to the birds chirping, and welcome the new day (if you are lucky enough to have that as your outdoor environment). Filling your room with warm, welcoming colors like reds and blues, having the color and fragrance of fresh flowers at the ready, and cueing up some uplifting music can all help engage your senses in a positive manner first thing in the morning. With many people using their smartphones as their alarm clock, a natural first move once awakened is to check emails, texts, social media updates, news feeds, etc.  Fight this urge, and make the first part of your new day all about you.  If you can give yourself fifteen minutes, great.  If you can only manage five, take it.  Start your day by practicing “mindfulness” — meditation, prayer, reflection, whatever it is that allows you to focus inward and prepare yourself for the day ahead. Many people find it beneficial to spend at least some of this “me” time focusing on gratitude.  Meditate on all the things you have to be grateful for, starting perhaps with the fact that you have risen to see another day.  Focusing on your reasons to be thankful before getting into the day’s obstacles can make them seem less overwhelming or insurmountable. It may seem quaint in today’s digital world, but taking the time to actually write down your thoughts can be a refreshing exercise.  It helps you visualize your thoughts and establish them as a guide for your day.  Some people find writing down the previous night’s dreams to be helpful,...


Babysit other children. Tutor either online, or at your residence Sell products you created. Freelance write or blog.

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If you are currently a mom, you already have a valuable skill-set and resources that can be incredibly useful to other parents. Many parents are looking for babysitting or daycare services, and with daycare often being expensive, you can likely find many parents who are willing to pay a slightly lower rate for personalized care. You can advertise on websites like Kijiji or Craigslist, or make posters for sign-posts. You can also use your Facebook or other social media to advertise. . If you have any specialized knowledge that you can share, you can run a home-based or online tutoring business for a fee. This is especially useful if you know an academic discipline very well, but can also be incredibly useful if you know a second language.  To advertise home tutoring, you can use a website like Kijiji or Craigslist, advertise through your children's or other local schools, or network with local parents. For an online business, websites like Tutor.com can be helpful. Teaching is done entirely online, and you are paid an hourly rate. The catch is you must have a college degree to teach certain disciplines, and you also must be available to tutor at least five hours per week.  If you know another language, Italki.com can allow you to teach another language online and get paid hourly to do so. If you can create something valuable, you can likely sell it. The ideas in this regard are endless, and can include things like baked goods, photos, arts & crafts, dresses, and nearly everything else. If you have something you can create, the main challenge is knowing how to market and sell it.  Using your online social networks can be a great way to advertise if you are just starting out. In addition, making a Facebook page for your business, which features photos of your product can be an excellent way to share what you do with your immediate friends, and hopefully generate referrals from them. Certain products also have corresponding websites on which to  sell them. For example, if you do photography, websites like...


Back the truck up close to the bush. Wrap a towing chain around the bush. Hook the chain to the truck’s towing hitch. Move everyone away from the area. Slowly drive the truck forward. Back the truck up and drive forward again until the bush is removed.

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Get a friend who has a pickup truck if you don’t have one yourself. It shouldn’t matter how much horsepower the truck has, but you’ll need a towing hitch. Never attempt this with any vehicle smaller than a truck. If you don’t have a truck, you can rent one. You may not want to do this in case something goes wrong. Towing chains are designed to pull cars, so they’re strong enough for bushes. Warp the chain around the bottom of the bush’s trunk as close to the ground as you can get it. Loop the end of the chain in on itself to hold it in place. Keep the rest of the chain as low to the ground as possible while doing this. The chain must always be attached to the hitch rather than a weaker part of the truck such as the bumper. Take children and pets inside of the house. Ask any onlookers to stand back in case the chain snaps or something splinters. It’s for their own safety. Press down lightly on the gas pedal and roll forward. Once the chain is off the ground and taut, stop moving. Doing this gives the bush a little tug, which may not remove it completely at first. Avoid stomping down on the gas pedal. While driving fast may seem like a good idea, this can cause the chain to break as well as damage the truck or the ground. Back the truck up towards the bush so the chain slackens, then drive forward again to give the bush another tug. Repeat this until the bush comes out of the ground.


Back up Root your tablet Enable downloads from unknown sources. Install a custom recovery. Download a custom ROM for your Android. Make sure that your tablet is fully charged.

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your tablet. Before you flash your tablet, you should make sure that all of your vital data is backed up to a secure location. This will make sure that you can recover the data if your tablet crashes or becomes unstable. if it hasn't yet been rooted. You'll need your tablet to be rooted, which is the Android equivalent of a jailbreak, in order to install custom software. This will allow you to download and install programs from websites rather than having to go through the Google Play Store:  Open Settings  Tap Security or Lock screen and security  Tap the grey "Unknown sources" switch  Tap OK if prompted. Custom recoveries allow you to select a downloaded file from on your Android, thus making the flash possible.  Open Chrome. Enter your Android's model number and custom recovery into Chrome. Find a reputable download site. Find and tap the Download button. Tap the "Download complete" notification. Tap INSTALL Once you've installed the custom recovery on your tablet, the only thing left to do is download the ROM (Read-Only Memory) file of the software that you want to install. This will depend on your exact tablet model number, so type the model number followed by custom rom into Chrome and search for the software just like you did for the custom recovery.  If given a choice, download the ROM in a ZIP folder rather than any other folder format. Don't tap the notification that appears once your ROM finishes downloading. Once your tablet's charge is at 100 percent (or the tablet is plugged in), you can proceed with actually flashing the tablet.


Back up all of your important data. Find your Windows installation disc and product key. Insert the disc into your computer and reboot. Open your BIOS setup menu. Set your boot order. Restart your computer after setting your BIOS. Follow the prompts to install Windows 7.

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One of the easiest ways to get the best performance possible out of Windows 7 is to simply wipe your computer clean and start over again. This may seem like a hassle, but once you've backed up all of your data, it should only take about an hour. Reformatting will delete all of the data stored on your computer, so make sure everything you need is backed up. Click here for tips on backing up all of your important files. You will need your Windows installation disc in order to start the reinstallation process. You will also need your product key in order to reactivate Windows. You can usually find the product key on your installation disc's case, but it may be affixed to your computer instead.  This will allow you to change the boot order for your computer and boot from the setup disc. You can access most BIOS menus immediately after startup by pressing F2, F10, F11, or Del. Navigate to the Boot menu in your BIOS and set your computer to boot from the optical drive first. This will allow you to boot from the installation disc. Press a key when prompted to boot from the Windows 7 installation disc. The installation process has gotten much more straightforward over the years, and Windows 7 requires minimal input to reinstall.  Click here for detailed instructions on reinstalling Windows 7.


Back up any data on the drive you want to save. Download DBAN. Burn DBAN to a disc. Boot from the DBAN disc. Select your hard drive. Choose your wiping method. Start the format.

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When securely wiping your hard drive, there is absolutely no way that you can recover it. A properly wiped hard drive would take a government supercomputer days to potential recover a fragment of a file. Because of this, ensure that you have everything saved that you need. See this guide for details on backing up your data. DBAN is a hard drive formatting program that is designed to securely wipe the data from the drive by overwriting it multiple times. This will prevent the data from being restored using a data recovery program. DBAN does not work for solid state drives (SSD). You will need to use a different program, such as Blancco. DBAN is downloaded as an ISO file, which is a disc image. Burning the ISO to a disc will allow you to boot directly into the DBAN interface. See this guide for details on burning ISOs to DVD. Insert the DBAN disc into your computer and reboot. Select the disc drive as your primary boot device.  Windows - You will need to set your optical drive as the boot drive from the BIOS menu. See this guide for details on setting your boot order. OS X - Press and hold C while your computer is rebooting. After a little while DBAN will boot. Press ↵ Enter on the DBAN main screen, and then select your drive with the arrow keys. Be sure to pick the correct drive if you have multiple available. "DoD" will securely erase your data, and is a good enough wiping method for the majority of users. If you have extremely sensitive information, select the "8-Pass PRNG Stream". This will wipe your hard drive eight times with random numbers, completely eradicating your data. Once you've selected your wiping method, the formatting process will begin. Wiping with DBAN can take several hours to several days, depending on the wiping method and size of the hard drive.


Back up any data on the drive you want to save. Insert your Windows installation disc. Set your computer to boot from the disc. Navigate through the installation screens. Select the drive you want to format. Reinstall Windows.

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Formatting your boot drive will erase your operating system and all the files stored on it, so be prepared to reinstall the operating system on the drive. Having a back up of your important files will make transitioning much easier. See this guide for details on backing up your data. You can also use a boot disk or LiveCD. This will allow you to boot to this disk instead of the hard drive, which will allow you to format it. You will need to set your boot order in the BIOS in order to boot from the disc. See this guide for details on setting your boot order. To open your BIOS, reboot your computer and press the setup key. This is usually F2, F10, or Del. You will need to start the installer and navigate past the first few pages until you reach the screen with a list of your installed drives. You will be initiating a Custom Installation of Windows. You will see a list of all your drives and the partitions they contain. Select the drive you want to format, and then click the "Format" button at the bottom of the list. The drive will be formatted as NTFS. You can only format your boot drive as NTFS. Now that the drive has been formatted, you can reinstall Windows, or install Linux on it. You will need an operating system on your computer in order to use it.  Reinstall Windows 7 Reinstall Windows 8 Install Linux


Back up any data on the drive you want to save. Install the hard drive. Open the Computer/My Computer/This PC window. Right-click on the drive you want to format. Select the file system. Give the drive a name. Choose whether or not to Quick Format. Start the format.

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Formatting a drive will erase all of the data on a drive, so make sure that everything you need to save is backed up to a safe location. You can then restore this data to your new drive.  You cannot back up installed programs. These will need to be reinstalled on your new drive. You can, however, usually back up settings and preference files. See this guide for details on backing up your data. If you are formatting a new drive, it will need to be installed in your system. See this guide for instructions on installing an internal hard drive. If the drive is external, plug it into the computer via USB. This can be accessed from the Start menu, or by pressing ⊞ Win+E. This window displays all of the drives connected to your computer. Select Format... This will open the Windows disk formatting tool. Make sure you select the right drive. Everything will be deleted when the drive is formatted. The file system is the way that the hard drive stores and catalogs files. The file system will determine what the drive is compatible with. If the drive is internal and you are only using it with your Windows computer, select NTFS. If the drive is external, select FAT32 or exFAT.  FAT32 and exFAT can be written to and read by all newer operating systems. FAT32 is an older system, and doesn't support files larger than 4 GB, but can be read by virtually any operating system. exFAT has no restrictions, but won't work with older operating systems like Windows 95. In general, exFAT will be the best option for an external drive. It is compatible with the most systems and can store the largest files. If you are primarily using the drive for one use, giving it a name will help you identify what's on it. For example, if you are using a second drive to store your music, movies, and pictures, naming it "Media" will quickly let you know what it contains. A Quick Format will perform the format much quicker than a standard format, and is fine for most users. Only perform a regular format if you suspect that the drive may have errors. A...


Back up any data that you would like to save. Open the Disks utility. Select your USB drive. Click the Stop (■) button. Click the Gear button and select "Format." Select "Compatible with all systems and devices (FAT)" from the "Type" menu. Give the USB drive a name. Click the "Format" button to begin the formatting process. Click the Play (▶) button.

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Formatting your drive will erase all of the data on it. Copy everything you want to save off of the USB drive before formatting. This utility allows you to format disks connected to your system. The easiest way to open it is to click the Dash button or press ⌘ and type "disks." The Disks utility should be the first result in the list. You'll find it in the list of drives on the left side of the Disks window. This will unmount the drive so that it can be formatted. This will open a new window. This will select FAT32 as the file system. If you're planning on just using the USB drive with Linux systems, select "ext4" as the file system. This name will appear whenever the drive is inserted in a computer or device. This will only take a few moments to complete. This will mount the newly-formatted drive so that you can start using it.


Back up any files you want to save. Insert your Windows XP install disc into your computer. Restart your computer. Press and hold Del or F2 to enter setup. Select the Boot tab. Select the CD-ROM Drive option. Make the CD-ROM Drive your boot option. Save your settings.

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Once you delete the files from your computer, getting them back will be nearly impossible. You can use a USB drive or an external hard drive to back up your files. You can also use a CD-RW to back up your files, but these typically have less space available than a standard USB drive or hard drive. If you no longer have your XP install disc, you'll have to buy a replacement. You can also download an XP installation file and burn it to a CD, though you'll need the accompanying purchase key. Click Start, click Turn Off Computer, and click the green Restart button when prompted. The key you're prompted to press might also be different; most computers will display a message on startup that says "Press [key] to enter setup" or something similar. You can look at your computer model's manual or online support page to confirm your computer's BIOS key. Use the arrow keys to move the selection box over to Boot. The Boot tab may instead say Boot Options, depending on your computer's manufacturer. Press ↓ until this option has a box around it. Press + until CD-ROM Drive is at the top of the list. You may have to press a different key here. Check the key legend on this screen to confirm. You should see a key prompt (e.g., F10) at the bottom of the screen that correlates to "Save and Exit"; pressing it will restart your computer, using the CD drive as a reboot point. You may have to press ↵ Enter to confirm the changes.


Back up any important files on your computer. Navigate your web browser to the Debian website. Download the Debian installation image. Burn the installation image to a CD or DVD. Boot your computer from the newly-burned disc. Test Debian Live from the disc if desired. Install Debian according to the instructions in the installation wizard.

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Installing Debian on your machine will clear your entire hard drive and reformat it, erasing all data in the process. Store your important information on a removable drive before beginning the installation. Debian is distributed through www.debian.org, and the necessary files can be found on the "Getting Debian" page. From the Debian website, choose the installation image that is suited for your processor architecture. If you don't know what type of processor your machine has, choose the "32-bit PC netinst iso" image, as this one is compatible with common 32-bit Intel or AMD processors. Once you have downloaded the image file (it will have a ".iso" extension), burn it to a disc using disk imaging software. There are several free applications available that can perform this task, though your computer must have a CD-R or DVD-R drive. Alternatively, you could burn the image to a USB drive if your computer supports booting from a USB drive. Once you mount the .iso file onto a disc, leave the disc in your optical drive and restart the computer. The computer will boot from the disc and take you directly to the Debian installation wizard. Debian includes an option that lets you run the operating system completely from the CD or DVD, without overwriting any information on your hard drive (this option is called Debian Live). Choose this option from the installation wizard if you want to test Debian before installing it completely. Note that performance will be quite slow with this option. When you are ready to proceed with the full installation, follow the prompts in the installation wizard to set up the operating system as desired. You will be given the option to partition your hard drive in case you want to run Debian alongside another operating system such as Microsoft Windows.


Back up any important files. Insert your Windows 7 installation disc. Boot your computer from your installation drive. Save your changes and reboot. Follow the prompts to start the installation. Select your Windows 8 partition when asked where you want to install. Finish the installation procedure.

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Replacing Windows 8 with Windows 7 will erase all of the data on your hard drive, so make sure you have everything you need saved backed up to a secure location. Click here for detailed instructions on quickly backing up your necessary files. If you only have an ISO file, you will need to burn it to a DVD or create a bootable USB drive. You can set your boot order in your computer's BIOS menu, which can be accessed as the computer boots up by pressing the correct key. Typical keys include F2, F10, F11, and Del. Navigate to the BOOT menu to change the order of your boot drives. Make sure that your installation drive is set to be the first boot device. You will be prompted to press a key to begin the setup process. You will be asked to select language and input settings, as well as agree to the terms and license. Your Windows 7 partition will be marked as "System" in the "Type" column. Installing over your Windows 8 partition will erase all of the data on it. You can follow the prompts to finish the installation. Click here for detailed instructions on completing the Windows 7 installation.


Back up anything on the drive you want to save. Open the Computer/This PC window. Right-click on your USB drive and select "Format." Select "FAT32" from the "File system" menu. Uncheck "Perform quick format" if the USB is performing poorly. Give the drive a label. Click "OK" to start the format process. Verify that your drive works.

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If the drive has already seen some use, you'll want to back up any data on it that you want to keep. Formatting the drive will erase all of the data on it. This window displays all of the drives connected to your computer. There are several ways to open this:  Open the Start menu and select "Computer," or double-click the Computer icon on your desktop. Click the Folder icon in your task bar. Press ⊞ Win+E. This will open the Format window. If you don't see your USB drive listed here, press ⊞ Win+R and run "diskmgmt.msc" to open the Disk Management tool. If the drive or USB port is not physically malfunctioning, the drive should be listed here. Right-click on it and select "Format." There are several options to choose from. FAT32 will work for drives up to 32 GB in size. If your USB drive is larger than 32 GB, or you need to store files larger than 4 GB, consider selecting "exFAT" instead. It is compatible with many newer devices and supports USB drives and files of any size. If your drive is larger than 32 GB and you still want to format it with the FAT32 file system, see the next section. If you've noticed slow speeds for the USB drive, or encounter errors when trying to copy files, perform a full format to look for and repair problems. This will take longer than a standard quick format. The "Volume label" field allows you to enter a name for the drive. This label will appear when the drive is connected to devices. You'll be prompted to confirm that you want to delete everything on the drive. For most drives, the format should only take a few moments. Performing a full format will take longer. After the format, you should be able to see your newly-formatted drive in the Computer/This PC window. Try copying some files to it to ensure that everything went as it should.


Back up data you don't want to lose. Manually power off. Manually power back on. Press “Restore Default Settings.

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Go to Settings>Application Saved Data Management>Saved Data in System Storage. Select "Cloud" to save to the cloud, or "USB Storage" to save to a USB device like an external hard drive. Select the game or app you wish to back up, and click "Copy." Press down on the power button for several seconds. Wait until you hear a beep, and the light turns red. Take your finger away. Press down on the power button again, and keep it held down. You will hear one initial beep, followed by a second beep about 7 seconds later. Release the button. ” When the PS4 turns on, you should be in Safe Mode. Use the left joystick to navigate down to “Restore Default Settings.” Press “X” to select it, and follow the PS4’s instructions. This will restore your PS4 to its factory settings, deleting any data that you have not backed up, such as trophies, screenshots, etc.  The controller will need to be connected to the console via USB while in Safe Mode.


Back up important data. Connect your external hard drive to your computer. Click the magnifying glass icon . Type Disk Utility.app in the search bar and press ↵ Enter. Select your external hard drive. Click Erase. Type a name for the external hard drive. Select a file format system. Click Erase. Click the Eject button next to your external hard drive.

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If there is data on the drive you need to keep, make sure to save it on another hard drive.  You can transfer files to your computer's internal hard drive, use a USB flash drive, or upload to a cloud storage service such as Google Drive, DropBox, OneDrive, or iCloud. Most external hard drives can be connected to your computer using a USB or firewire cable. In some cases, an external hard drive may need to be plugged in using an AC adapter. It's in the upper-right corner of the menu bar at the top of the screen.  This displays a search bar. This opens the Disk Utility app. Alternatively, you can find the Disk Utility app in the Utilities folder, which is inside the Applications folder in Finder. All external hard drives are listed below "External" in the sidebar to the left in Disk Utility. It's in the button in the middle at the top of the Disk Utility app window. This is the name the hard drive will be renamed to once it is formatted. Use the drop-down menu next to "Format" to select a file system:   APFS:.  This is the newest Apple file system optimized for Solid State Drives (SSDs) and Flash Drives.  Select this option only if you have an SSD or flash drive and plan to only use the drive on Mac OS High Sierra or newer.  Mac OS Extended:  This has been the standard Apple file system since 1998.  Select this option if you have a mechanical or hybrid hard drive, if you are using an older version of Mac OS, and only plan on using your external hard drive on Mac computers.  exFAT: Select this option if you need your hard drive to be compatible with multiple devices, including Windows computers. It's in the lower-right corner of the Format window in Disk Utility.  This begins formatting your external hard drive.  It may take a while depending on your Mac's hardware and the size of your hard drive. When you are finished with your external hard drive.  Click the eject button next to your hard drive name in the sidebar to the left in Disk Utility.  Do not remove your flash drive until it is completely ejected.


Back up your computer's files Find your Windows 7 product key. Obtain a USB flash drive. Download and install the USB creation tool. Partition your hard drive Find out your computer's BIOS key.

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if necessary. If you plan on wiping your current computer's hard drive to install Windows 7, consider backing up your computer's files to a hard drive before proceeding. In order to download the Windows 7 installation file (ISO), you'll need to enter your Windows 7 product key on the Microsoft website.  The product key is typically found on your Windows 7 installation disc's packaging. If you installed Windows 7 on a different computer, you can find the product key there. The product key that accompanies most computers which have Windows 7 pre-installed is not considered a valid key by Microsoft. Buy or find a USB 3.0 flash drive that can store at least 8 gigabytes of information. This is the pen drive you'll use to install Windows 7. Microsoft has a dedicated USB creation tool that you can use to burn your Windows 7 installation file onto a flash drive:  Go to the Windows USB creation tool page. Click Download in the lower-right side of the page. Check the box next to your installation language (e.g., the one ending in "US" for English). Click Next in the bottom-right side of the page to prompt the download to begin. Install the tool by double-clicking the downloaded file and following the on-screen prompts. if you like. If you want to install Windows 7 without removing the currently installed operating system, you can create a space (or "partition") for your Windows 7 installation on your hard drive. You'll use the built-in Disk Management program to do this.  Make sure your hard drive has enough space on it for you to do this. You should have at least 50 gigabytes of free space for Windows 7, though 100 gigabytes or more is preferred.  You can also buy an external hard drive and install Windows 7 onto it. The BIOS key is the key you'll need to press when restarting your computer in order to open the BIOS, which is a crucial step in installing Windows 7. To find your computer's specific BIOS key, do the following:  Find your computer's manufacturer name. Open a search engine (e.g., Google). Type in your...


Back up your computer. Restart your computer. Clean the inside of your computer case and vents.

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Many of us have what feels like our entire lives stored on our computers--photos of cherished memories, the evolution of our musical taste, school work, tax returns and, more and more, everything we need to do our work. Before making any major changes, it is always a good idea to back up essential files.  Purchase an external hard drive that is larger than the hard drive you want to back up. Inserting the USB of the external hard drive should automatically prompt your computer to give you the option to use the drive for back up. If you need more help, read the wikiHow article about how to back up a hard drive.  If you are worried about losing or damaging an external hard drive, you can back up important files online. Subscribe to a secure backup service, or a cloud-based service like Google Drive, iCloud, or Dropbox. This can temporarily speed up a slow computer by refreshing the memory. Restart, or completely shut down the computer, wait a few seconds, and then turn it back on. Make sure you save any projects you are working on before turning off your computer! Computers get dusty after a while. This can cause thermal throttling on the CPU and GPU. You can clean the inside of your computer using a can of compressed air and a dry microfiber rag. Remove the panel on the side of your computer tower or the bottom of your laptop. Use a can of compressed air to blow away all the excess dust in quick, short bursts. Use a dry microfiber rag to wipe away any remaining dust.   Warning: Before touching anything inside your computer, be sure to ground yourself by touching something metal, or wearing static wrist bands. Static discharge can permanently damage the electronic components of your computer. Don't use any liquid cleaners. If there is dust or build-up that you can't remove using a dry microfiber rag, you can use a little bit of rubbing alcohol applied to the microfiber rag, or alcohol swabs. When cleaning your fans, hold them in place with your fingers. Don't let them spin when blowing or cleaning the fans.


Back up your files Insert the installation disk or flash drive. Open Start . Click the Power button . Click Restart. Press and hold Del or F2 to open the BIOS. Select the Boot tab. Select a boot device. Move your boot option to the top of the list. Save your settings. Wait for your computer to restart. Follow the on-screen installation directions.

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. When replacing Windows 7 with a different operating system, you will lose some or all of your files. The best way to prevent permanent loss is by transferring all of the files that you want to keep to an external hard drive. Even though most modern operating systems give you the option of keeping your files when installing the operating system, backing up your files is a safety precaution that you shouldn't skip. To install a new operating system on Windows, you must have the operating system's install tool on a DVD or flash drive, and the disk or flash drive must be inserted into your computer. If you don't have a version of the operating system you want to download, you can download one for the following operating systems:  Windows 10 Windows 8 Windows 7 Click the Windows logo in the bottom-left corner of the screen. It's in the bottom-left corner of the Start window. A pop-up window will appear. You'll see this option at the top of the pop-up window. Clicking it will prompt your computer to restart. Most computers will display a message on startup that says "Press [key] to enter setup" or something similar. This key may vary, so look for this message when your computer restarts to confirm the key you should press to access the BIOS. Consult your computer's manual or online support page to confirm your computer's BIOS key. You'll use the arrow keys to select this tab. The Boot tab may instead say Boot Options, depending on your computer's manufacturer. Use the arrow keys to highlight a device from which to boot. There will be two options you can use:  For a USB flash drive, select the Removable Devices option. For a disc installation, select the CD-ROM Drive option. Press the + key until your boot option is first. This will cause your computer to restart from your selected boot option, thereby beginning the installation process for your selected operating system. On some computers, you'll instead press one of the function keys (e.g., F5) to navigate an option up to the top of the menu. The key will be...


Back up your files Make sure that your installation tool is inserted. Restart your computer. Start pressing your computer's BIOS key. Find the "Boot Order" section. Select your installation tool's option. Move the installation tool to the top of the section. Save and exit the BIOS.

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. Even though most modern operating systems give you the option of keeping your files when installing the operating system, backing up your files is a safety precaution that you shouldn't skip. Your USB flash drive or burned DVD should be attached to/inserted into your computer. Click Start in the bottom-left corner of the screen, then click the arrow to the right of Shut down and click Restart. You'll need to do this as soon as your computer begins to restart. This key is usually the Esc, Delete, or F2 key, though your computer's BIOS key may be different. Don't stop pressing the key until the BIOS is open.  If you miss the BIOS activation window, you'll need to restart your computer and try again. For a brief moment, you can usually see the key that you need to use listed at the bottom of the screen in a "Press X to enter startup" message. You can check your computer's manual or product page online to confirm the BIOS key. Each computer's BIOS varies slightly, but you'll usually see a "Boot Order" or "Boot Options" tab that you can navigate to using the arrow keys.  On some BIOS layouts, you'll find the "Boot Order" options in the Advanced Options tab. Some BIOS layouts have the "Boot Order" section right on the initial page. Using the arrow keys, select either Removable Storage (or something similarly descriptive of a flash drive) or CD Drive (or something similar). This will depend on whether you used a flash drive or a DVD to create your installation tool. Usually, you'll press the + key while the tool's option is selected to do this. With your installation option at the top of the "Boot Order" list, your computer will be able to find and recognize the Windows 7 installation file. There's normally a key legend that tells you which keys perform which actions in the lower-right side of the BIOS page. Press your BIOS' "Save and Exit" key (check the key legend), then wait for the BIOS to close. You may have to confirm this decision by selecting YES and pressing a key.


Backup all important data and files. Gather what you will need for installation. Run the Windows 7 installation. Begin the installation. Select the installation type. Format the destination drive and install to it. Finish up installation by filling out the final details.

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While the process is safe and there is little chance of a critical error, it is always a smart idea to backup important data before making large changes to your system, especially reinstallation. Copy the important data to an external hard drive, an external flash drive, or burn them onto a DVD. Your Windows 7 product key is especially important. This can be found attached to the case that the CD came in or attached to your computer. Make a list of all the programs currently on your computer that you wish to keep so that you will be able to install them again after the reinstallation. Stick the disc into the computer and reboot your computer. Be sure that your computer is set to boot from CD/DVD. You can do this by following Step 2 of the first section of this guide. You will be prompted to enter a few preferences, such as language options, and you will be asked to agree to the terms of the Windows 7 license. You cannot install Windows 7 if you do not accept the license agreement. After the booting process, you will be presented with a choice: Upgrade or Custom installation. Select the Custom installation option as this is what you'll be using to wipe your hard drive clean for a reinstallation. Formatting a drive will wipe it clean of all data and make it suitable for reinstallation. Though formatting is not necessary, it is recommended when reinstalling to prevent potential problems with the system. Typically, Windows 7 will be installed to the C: drive. Installing Windows 7 can take anywhere from 30 to 120 minutes depending on your system. Once the installation is over, you'll be asked to name your computer and create an initial user account. For the majority of users, the default name will suffice. After creating your user account, you can use it to log onto your freshly reinstalled Windows 7 operating system.


Backup your files. Restart your computer. Immediately press Del, Esc, F2, F10, or F9 when it restarts. Find your BIOS's boot options menu. Select the optical disk drive as the first boot device of your computer. Place the Windows 7 Installation disc in the disc drive. Save the changes in the settings. Shut off your computer. Start your computer from the disc. Choose your Windows Setup options. Click the Install Now button. Accept the License Terms. Select the Custom installation. Select a hard drive and partition you want to install Windows on. Install Windows on your preferred hard drive and partition.

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The installation process will delete all data on your hard drive. It is recommended that you back up all files you want to keep before installing a new operating system. You can backup your files to another hard drive, an external hard drive, a flash drive, or a cloud-based service like Google Drive, or Dropbox. Press the power button on your computer and then click Restart in the power options menu. Depending on the make and model of your computer, pressing one of these buttons immediately after you power on your computer will enter the system BIOS. Some computers tell you which button to press to enter the BIOS as the computer starts up. The boot options menu of your BIOS may vary in location or name from the illustration, but you may eventually find it if you search around. If you can't find the boot options menu, search the name of your BIOS (most likely located in the BIOS menu) online for help. Although this method may vary among computers, the boot options menu is typically a menu of movable device names where you should set your CD, DVD or Blu-ray drive as the first boot device. It can also be a list of devices that you can set the order of their boot on. Consult a manual or the internet for help if you're stuck. Press the button on your CD, DVD, or Blu-ray drive. Then place the Windows 7 installation disc in the disk tray and push it back in the drive. Press the button indicated on the screen or select the save option from the BIOS menu to save your configuration. Either turn off the computer by choosing the shut-down option in your current operating system, or hold the power button until the computer powers off. After you have placed the disc into the disc drive, start your computer. When the computer starts, press a key if you are asked if you would like to boot from the disc by pressing any key. After you choose to start from the disc. Windows Setup will begin loading. If you are not asked to boot from the disc, you may have done something wrong. Retry the previous steps and make sure you have...


Backup your system before doing anything Reformat the hard drive using the installation disk. Select the "Reformat hard drive" option when prompted. Follow all prompts pertaining to the "reformat hard drive" process.

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. You should always backup important files before wiping (or erasing) your hard drive. Erasing your hard drive will make recovering your files challenging and you do not want to lose anything important. Insert the disk into the CD-ROM tray. Reboot your computer. Watch carefully for a message to flash on the bottom of screen. This message will tell you what key you need to press in order to enter the Setup mode. Press the key indicated during the boot process and enter Setup. Common keys are F2, F8 or F11. Look for an option to boot from a disk or CD and choose it. If you have more than one partition on your hard drive, the second one likely holds recovery information. If this is the case, you can leave that partition alone. If your second partition holds an alternate operating system, you may want to delete it. Choose the NTFS option for the drive's type. Choose either Quick or Normal, depending upon your reasons for reformatting. If the computer will be going to a new owner, choose the Thorough or Normal option for higher security.


Bag or bundle your snake. Prepare your washer. Let your snake soak. Restart the washing cycle. Air-dry the snake.

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Put your snake inside a wash bag, pillowcase or something similar. Tie it shut. Alternatively, roll the snake up and then tie it up with white shoelaces or a similarly light-colored machine-safe cord. Do not use the snake's pull cord to do this, since the knots may tighten during washing, which means you might have to cut the cord to undo your bundle. First, set your washer to a small load on the delicate cycle. Start filling it with water and add a few drops of mild laundry detergent. Once the machine fills, switch it off. Once the machine has filled, place the snake in the soapy water. If it isn't too dirty, give it 15 to 20 minutes to soak. Give it 30 to 40 minutes if it's very soiled. Switch the machine back on once the snake has had a chance to soak. Let the cycle run to its end. Once the cycle completes, take the snake out of its bag or remove its ties. Pin the snake to a clothesline or hang it over a clothes hanger or drying rack so it can air-dry.


Bag your jewelry. Think about what hair supplies you really need. Remember, you can buy some things there.

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Jewelry should be wrapped separately. Using separate baggies for each piece of jewelry will keep it from tangling while you travel.  You can spread these separate baggies out among your suitcase. Keep pairs of earrings together just in case a baggie gets lost. An empty plastic-pill box is a great way to store earrings for travel. Hair supplies take up a lot of room. If the person you’re visiting has them, don’t bring double.  Hair straighteners, curling irons, and hair dryers are basic appliances that most girls have at home. Specific sized wands, hairbrushes, or hair ties are more likely to have to travel with you. Toiletries add weight quickly to your bag. Go through the list and think about what you need to bring versus what you can buy there.   Toothpaste and toothbrush Face wash Deodorant Body wash Shampoo/Conditioner Shaving cream and razor Hand sanitizer Body spray Body lotion Make-up Sunblock.


Bait the trap. Secure the funnel. Tie an anchor rope to the trap. Place the trap. Check the trap periodically.

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Place a spawn net filled with your bait into the trap, along with a large stone or piece of brick to weigh the trap down. Common bait used for catfish is chicken liver, corn, or even dog food. Other fish species should be baited with food they find most attractive. If you don’t have spawn net or another mesh cloth, you could use an onion bag or mesh fruit bag. Instead of using zip ties, use wire that can be untied later to release or remove your catch, then retied for future use. Anchor rope, available from outdoor sporting stores,  will withstand its time underwater and is strong enough to withhold the weight of the trap and any fish inside. You will use the rope to pull your trap out of the water when you are ready to check it, so it should be at least 15 feet (4.6 m) long. You could use twine rope in place of the anchor rope, but it isn’t as strong or durable. Take the whole apparatus, including the bait inside, to the fishing hole you plan to place it. Then simply drop the trap in the water in your chosen location. Secure the other end of the rope on the bank. If you’re trying to catch catfish, place the trap near their spawning grounds when the catfish are spawning. Pull the trap in slowly when you decide to check it, keeping in mind you never know what will be inside it. At the least, check the trap daily to make sure no turtles, otters or other predators have discovered it and either damaged it or gotten trapped inside. If you’re using a crab ring, pull the trap in as quickly as possible so the crab aren’t able to escape. Situate yourself downstream of the current to make the trap easier to pull out of the water.


Bake a cured or pre-cooked ham covered at 250 °F (121 °C). Remove the ham from the oven 20 minutes before it's finished baking. Score the ham Brush the ham with about a third of the glaze. Raise the oven to 350 °F (177 °C) and continue baking the ham. Brush on another third of the glaze after about 10 minutes.

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Preheat the oven, remove the ham from its package, and pat it dry. Place the ham in an oven bag, and set it cut-side down on a shallow roasting pan lined with aluminum foil. If you don’t have an oven bag, cover the ham loosely with aluminum foil. Plan on baking a cured (pre-cooked) ham for about 10 to 15 minutes per pound (about 22 to 33 minutes per kg), or until it reaches an internal temperature of 110 °F (43 °C). If you didn’t soak the ham to bring it to room temperature, plan on heating it for an hour longer. If you’re reheating a cured ham, take it out of the oven once it reaches an internal temperature of 110 °F (43 °C). For a 7 to 10 pounds (3.2 to 4.5 kg) ham soaked in hot water and baked at 250 °F (121 °C), that should take about 1 to 1 ½ hours.  Rest the hot roasting pan on a wire cooling rack. After you take out the ham, raise the oven temperature to 350 °F (177 °C). If you’re cooking an uncured ham at 325 °F (163 °C), take it out of the oven once it’s reached an internal temperature between 135 to 140 °F (57 to 60 °C), or after about 2 hours. if it’s not spiral-sliced. Make a series of 1⁄2 inch (1.3 cm) deep diagonal cuts 1 inch (2.5 cm) apart across the top surface of the ham. Then rotate the pan and make diagonal cuts in the other direction to make a grid of diamond shapes. Scoring makes for a great presentation and allows the glaze to penetrate deeper into the meat.  Since a spiral-sliced ham is pre-cut, scoring is unnecessary. If desired, press a whole clove into each point where 2 scored lines intersect. Just remember to remove them before you carve and serve the ham. Use a basting brush or a spoon to coat the ham with a portion of the glaze. Be sure to work the glaze into the ham’s scored lines or spiral cuts. The sugars in the glaze will caramelize, yielding an attractive, flavorful, and candy-like skin. Glazing the ham too early in the cooking process will lead to a scorched ham, so wait until the last 15 to 20 minutes. Return the ham to the oven and continue baking it, uncovered, until...


Bake a whole squash if you want to cut down on prep time. Bake a whole squash in your slow cooker for 3 to 4 hours for a hands-off method.

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If you don't want to cut through the hard raw squash, bake it first so it's easier to cut the cooked squash. Poke holes all over the squash with a metal skewer and put the whole squash on a baking sheet. Roast it at 400 °F (204 °C) for 60 to 70 minutes. Then, carefully cut the soft squash in half lengthwise and remove the seeds.  Wear oven mitts to turn the squash halfway through the cooking time. Although this method is easier to prep, the squash won't be as flavorful because the squash will steam instead of caramelize. Hold the squash in place on your cutting board and carefully cut 1⁄2 inch (1.3 cm) slits across it. Put the whole squash in the slow cooker and place the lid on it. Then, cook the squash on "High" for 3 to 4 hours or "Low" for 6 to 8 hours. Once the squash is soft and cool enough to handle, slice it in half lengthwise and scoop out the seeds.


Bake at a low temperature. Consider turning off the heat early.

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Ideally, you should bake your cheesecake at a temperature of 325 degrees Fahrenheit (160 degrees Celsius). Extreme temperatures and dramatic temperature changes can cause the cake to crack, but cooking the cheesecake at a fairly low temperature can minimize the risk. You can bake a cheesecake at a lower temperature if the recipe calls for it, but avoid temperatures that are higher than this. At high temperatures, the egg proteins over-coagulate and cause the cheesecake to split apart at the surface. Instead of keeping the oven on the entire time, turn the temperature off after about 45 minutes. Leave the cheesecake inside for another hour or until done. The batter should continue to bake inside the warm oven. Gently baking the cheesecake for the final hour prevents it from over-baking, which is important since over-baking can cause cracks to form.


Bake for 15-20 additional minutes, allow it to cool, then serve.

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Place the casserole back in the oven to finish cooking for an additional 15-20 minutes or until the eggs are firm. Remove the casserole from the oven and allow it to cool for 5-10 minutes before serving. Consider cutting the casserole into squares and freezing them for later.


Bake the cake. Slice the cake. Crumble the cake. Add the coarsely crumbled graham crackers and marshmallow cream. Refrigerate the mixture.

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Follow the specific recipe you are using, including ingredient amounts, utensils and baking dishes, steps or instructions, oven temperatures, and baking times. Using a damp knife, cut the cake in sections or quarters. This allows the insides of the cake to cool down faster, rather than having the cake cool down from the outside in. When the cake pieces have reached room temperature or are cool enough to handle, use your hands to crumble the cake in a large mixing bowl. Break down any chunks, especially any hard corners. Start off by adding 1/4 cup of marshmallow cream to the bowl. Use a wooden spoon to thoroughly incorporate the cake crumbs and cream together until you achieve a consistency of dough, as if you're making cookie dough. Add additional icing, if needed. Having the mixture chilled makes it easier for you to roll it into balls.


Bake the cake. Slice the cake. Crumble the cake. Add the icing. Refrigerate the mixture.

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Follow the specific recipe you are using, in addition to adding the chopped pecans and flaked coconut. Be sure to follow the regular ingredient amounts, utensils and baking dishes, steps or instructions, oven temperatures, and baking times as well. Using a damp knife, cut the cake in sections or quarters. This allows the insides of the cake to cool down faster, rather than having the cake cool down from the outside in. When the cake pieces has reached room temperature or warm to handle, use your hands to crumble the cake in a large mixing bowl. You will want to break down any chunks, especially any hard corners. Start off with 1/4 cup of icing in the bowl. Use a wooden spoon to thoroughly incorporate the cake crumbs and icing together until you achieve a consistency of dough, as if you're making cookie dough. Add additional icing, if needed. Having the mixture chilled makes it easier for you to roll it into balls.


Follow the specific recipe you are using, in addition to adding the chopped walnuts, shredded apples, and cinnamon. Be sure to follow the regular ingredient amounts, utensils and baking dishes, steps or instructions, oven temperatures, and baking times as well. Using a damp knife, cut the cake in sections or quarters. This allows the insides of the cake to cool down faster, rather than having the cake cool down from the outside in. When the cake pieces has reached room temperature or warm to handle, use your hands to crumble the cake in a large mixing bowl. You will want to break down any chunks, especially any hard corners. Start off with 1/4 cup of icing in the bowl. Use a wooden spoon to thoroughly incorporate the cake crumbs and icing together until you achieve a consistency of dough, as if you're making cookie dough. Add additional icing, if needed. Having the mixture chilled makes it easier for you to roll it into balls.


Follow the specific recipe you are using, in addition to adding the fresh blueberries. Follow the regular ingredient amounts, utensils and baking dishes, steps or instructions, oven temperatures, and baking times as well. Using a damp knife, cut the cake in sections or quarters. This allows the insides of the cake to cool faster, rather than having the cake cool down from the outside in. When the cake pieces has reached room temperature or are warm to handle, use your hands to crumble the cake in a large mixing bowl. You will want to break down any chunks, especially any hard corners. Start with 1/4 cup of icing in the bowl. Use a wooden spoon to thoroughly incorporate the cake crumbs and icing together until you achieve a consistency of dough, as if you're making cookie dough. Add additional icing, if needed. Having the mixture chilled makes it easier for you to roll it into balls.


Bake the papaya seeds for 2 to 4 hours. Mix ground papaya seeds with spices to make a flavor rub. Try baking with ground papaya seeds.

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Put the sheet in the preheated oven and leave the seeds to dry. They should harden and become slightly wrinkled once they're finished drying. If you prefer, you could use a dehydrator. Read your owner's manual to determine how long to dehydrate common seeds. Make a bold dry rub using equal parts of ground dried papaya seeds, cayenne pepper, sea salt, and garlic powder. You could also add your favorite spices or herbs, such as cumin, curry, or coriander. Massage the flavor rub into steaks, chicken breasts, pork chops, or ribs. Then, toss them on the grill to add a smoky flavor. You can add 1 to 2 teaspoons (2 to 4 g) of ground papaya seeds along with spices and baking powder or baking soda in your baked good recipes. For example, add it to papaya muffins, banana bread, or spice bread. The ground papaya seeds will add a slightly spicy flavor to your baked goods. Consider adding it to savory bread or biscuits too!


Bake the shredded coconut in the oven. Fry it in a skillet. Cook it in the microwave.

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Toasting the coconut before you process it into coconut butter gives the butter a delicious hint of toasted caramel. There are three ways that you can toast coconut, and one of the more popular is baking it in the oven.  Spread the coconut out on a baking sheet or two, depending on how much coconut you're using to make your butter. Make sure the layer is thin so that it cooks evenly. Place the coconut into an oven preheated to 300 F (149 C). Toast the coconut in the oven for about 20 minutes. Mix it around every five minutes to ensure it cooks and toasts at an even rate.  Remove the coconut from the oven and allow it to cool to room temperature before using it for coconut butter. Another way to toast coconut involves cooking it in a skillet on the stove. You will likely have to work in batches, especially if you're making seven cups of coconut butter.  Spread the coconut out in a large skillet. Place it over medium heat and cook the coconut for about five minutes.  Stir the coconut frequently to prevent burning and promote even cooking. The coconut is ready when it turns a golden brown. Remove from the heat and cool before processing. A third way to toast coconut involves cooking it in the microwave in short bursts. Coconut can burn easily in the microwave, which is why you want to cook it in small sessions.  Spread the coconut out on a microwave-safe plate or dish. Set your microwave to high and microwave the coconut in 30-second increments. Stir between every cooking session.  The coconut will take about eight minutes to cook. It’s ready when it turns golden brown. Give the coconut a few minutes to cool down after toasting, then transfer it to your blender for coconut butter processing.


Bake the yams with a marshmallow topping. Add oatmeal crunch topping. Try a flavored glaze. Add other mix-ins to your yams.

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This classic Southern preparation is a hit at holiday parties. Adding marshmallows to candied yams makes them sweet enough to serve as dessert. Here's what to do:  Pour the candied yams into a baking dish. Top the yams with a layer of mini marshmallows. Place the baking dish in the oven. Broil until the marshmallows are melted and slightly brown on top, about three minutes. Remove from the oven and serve. Oatmeal crunch provides a nice contrast to the soft sweetness of the yams. You bake the candied yams with a dry oatmeal topping that bakes up into a crispy crust. To make it, follow these steps:  Pour the candied yams into a baking dish. Mix 1/2 cup (50 grams) oatmeal, 1/4 cup (50 grams) firmly packed brown sugar, and 2 tablespoons diced butter. Spread the topping evenly over the candied yams. Bake the yams at 400°F (205°C) until the topping is crispy and brown, about 20 minutes. Remove the yams from the oven and serve hot. If you don't want to mess with the texture of your candied pecans, you might be up for experimenting with the flavor. The sweet, sticky glaze provides a good opportunity to play with your favorite flavors. Try stirring in one of the following flavors after you remove the glaze from heat:  1 tablespoon bourbon 1 tablespoon vanilla extract 1 teaspoon cinnamon 1/2 teaspoon nutmeg or cloves 1/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper Candied yams are great on their own, but you may want to spice them up a bit with some extra mix-ins. These add new textures and crunch to an otherwise soft, sweet dish. Try stirring in 1/2 to 1 cup (50 to 100 grams) of one of these mix-ins:  Dried cranberries Toasted pecans, walnuts or almonds Diced pineapple Diced apple


Bake your cupcakes and let them cool down completely. Push an apple corer into the center of the cupcake. Rotate the corer. Pull the corer out of the cupcake. Fill the cupcakes with your desired filling. Decorate the cupcake.

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You can make the cupcakes from scratch or you can use a boxed recipe. Be sure to let them cool completely, otherwise the filling will melt. You can also use a small melon scoop instead. If you are using an apple corer, be careful not to push it in too deep, or the frosting will come out of the bottom of the cupcake. Keep the corer in place as you twist it. The edges of the corer will cut into the cupcake and create a hole. Discard the cupcake that's inside the corer or save it to make cake pops. You can also eat it instead. You can fill your cupcakes with just about anything, from custard to jam to buttercream frosting. If you are using frosting, you can pipe it into the hole with a piping bag. If you are using a more fluid filling, such as custard or jam, or you can push it into the hole with a small teaspoon. While easy, this method leaves behind a hole on top of the cupcake. Use a piping back fitted with a large round or star shaped tip to pipe buttercream frosting onto the cupcake. Chocolate ganache and glace icing made from powdered sugar and water is not recommended for this method because it is too translucent and will mix into the filling.


Bake your cupcakes at 325°F to 350°F (160°C to 180°C). Bake for the proper amount of time. Do a test bake before baking all the cupcakes.

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You do not want the oven to be too hot because the water may reach boiling point before everything has had a chance to react. This can range from 8 to 10 minutes, depending on the size and amount of the cupcakes. It is best to only use a single rack in the oven for the most even baking. Use a toothpick to check for doneness; it should come out clean. You can store the extra batter in the refrigerator while you test the temperature and time for baking or you can make a new one. Be sure to let the batter temperature rise slightly after taking it out of the refrigerator and before baking because it will adjust the time needed for baking.


Balance omega 3 with omega 6 in your diet. Eat two portions of fish a week. Select grass-fed meat. Follow a Mediterranean diet.

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In the typical western diet, the average ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 is 15:1, and can be as disproportionate as 25:1. This is a problem. The idea ratio is closer to 4:1 and an overabundance of omega 6 fatty acids causes excess inflammation in the body. Increasing omega 3 fatty acids has been shown to decrease risks of heart disease, excessive inflammation and arthritis.  Both fatty acids are needed for cognitive function, immune response, reproductive health, metabolism and many other functions. Most types of fish are high in omega 3 acids and will help you achieve a healthy balance between omega 3 and omega 6. Seafood that is high in omega 3 fatty acids and low in mercury include salmon, herring, sardines, oysters, mackerel (not king mackerel), trout, and shellfish. If you’re planning to get the majority of your omega 3 from seafood other than fish, such as shellfish (mussels, oysters, lobster, etc.), you may need to eat more than two portions a week, as these items can be lower in omega 3. Check the nutrition label when purchasing food to check the omega 3 content. Most red meat is relatively low in omega 3 fats, because the animals have been fed primarily grain. However, grass-fed beef contains lower rates of omega 6 and more omega 3, making it a more balanced meat option. You’ll likely be able to find grass-fed, non-processed beef in the organic section of your local grocery store. White meats including chicken and pork are especially high in omega 6 fats. So, if you prefer these meats, make sure to avoid processed options and choose organic brands as these often contain less omega 6. This diet focuses on consuming more fish, whole grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables and decreasing red and processed meat, solid fats, and alcohol intake. Studies have shown the Mediterranean diet to have more balanced omega 6 to omega 3 ratio, lower risk of cardiovascular disease and lower total mortality rate. The Mediterranean diet is very similar to the USDA’s Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH).


Balance out your compliments. Give her good, honest, unique compliments. Show her unexpected affection.

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Girls love compliments, and no wonder: They tell her that you really care, and they make her feel good about herself. Compliment her on both her looks and her personality, and she'll feel like she's the whole package in your eyes. Try not to tell her she's "fit" or "hot," however, because that sounds plain and generic. Don't over-compliment a girl, either, because you might alarm her, or give the impression that you want something from her in return for your kindness.  Tell her that she's "beautiful," "pretty," or "gorgeous" instead. These words are a lot more heartfelt, and they have a little extra emotion behind them. Compliment aspects of her personality, too. Girls want to feel pretty on the outside and the inside. Sincere compliments about her personality let her understand that you like her for who she is deep down inside:  "Every time we're alone, you remind me of how fun it is to just do nothing together." "You are as beautiful on the inside as you are on the outside." "You make me want to be a better person every single day." "When I look at you, I know what it's like to feel completely safe and comfortable around someone." It's a good idea to have a few basic compliments to give your girl every once in a while, but it's also a good idea to take something totally unique about her and let her know that you love it, or at least appreciate it.  Maybe you're mesmerized by her eyes. Tell her what her eyes remind you of: "I love the way your shirt brings out the color of your eyes; it's such a contrast." Perhaps you love the way her hair frames her facial features: "Your hair is so soft and silky; it really is a perfect match for your eyes and your lips." What if you get tingly inside when she laughs? "Your giggle is about as cute as it can get. It puts me in such a great mood." Finally, maybe say something about her generosity. Many women are naturally born to be motherly and nurturing; if you say something about her kindness or generosity, it should hit home: "You've taught me what it means to be kind...


Balance the complete molecular equation. Identify the states of matter of each compound in the equation. Determine what species will dissociate (separate into cations and anions) in solution. Calculate the charge of each dissociated ion. Re-write the equation with the soluble ionic compounds broken down into their individual ions. Remove the spectator ions by canceling out identical ions on each side of the equation.

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Before writing a net ionic equation, you must first make sure your starting equation is completely balanced. To balance an equation, you add coefficients in front of compounds until there is an equal number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation.  Write the number of atoms that comprise each compound on either side of the equation. Add a coefficient in front of elements that are not oxygen and hydrogen to balance each side. Balance the hydrogen atoms. Balance the oxygen atoms. Re-count the number of atoms on each side of the equation to make sure they are equal. For example, Cr + NiCl2 --> CrCl3 + Ni becomes 2Cr + 3NiCl2 --> 2CrCl3 + 3Ni. Oftentimes, you will be able to identify keywords in a problem that will tell you the state of matter for each compound. There are some rules to help you determine the state of an element or compound.  If no state is provided for an element, use the state found on the periodic table. If a compound is said to be a solution, you can write it as aqueous, or (aq). If there is water in the equation, determine whether or not the ionic compound will dissolve using a solubility table. If it has high solubility, the compound will be aqueous (aq), if it has low solubility, it will be solid (s). If there is not water, the ionic compound is a solid (s). If the problem mentions an acid or a base, they will be aqueous (aq). For example, 2Cr + 3NiCl2 --> 2CrCl3 + 3Ni. Cr and Ni in their elemental forms are solids. NiCl2 and CrCl3 are soluble ionic compounds, therefore, they are aqueous. Rewritten, this equation becomes: 2Cr(s) + 3NiCl2(aq) --> 2CrCl3(aq) + 3Ni(s). When a species or compound dissociates, it separates into its positive (cation) and negative (anion) components. These will be the components that get balanced at the end for the net ionic equation.  Solids, liquids, gases, molecular compounds, low solubility ionic compounds, polyatomic ions, and weak acids will not dissociate. The oxides and hydroxides with alkali or alkaline earth metals will dissociate...


Balance the pen. Take the pen in your dominant hand. Rest the barrel on the bottom knuckle of your middle finger. Hold the pen toward the paper at a 40 to 55 degree angle. Keep the nib level with the paper.

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Depending on the size of your hand and the size of the pen, holding a fountain pen could cause weight and balance issues.  Experiment with the cap posted (i.e. placing the cap on the back of the pen), and with the cap removed.  The pen is usually more in balance when the cap is in place, but each person’s experience is different. Pinch the pen lightly between your thumb and index finger, then slide it towards the end of the index finger.  Use the bottom of your hand, including your ring and pinky fingers, to anchor against the page.  Do not press so firmly against the paper that free movement is restricted.  Do not grab the pen towards the bottom.  If the hand is placed too far towards the end, it can affect the proper writing angle and potential ink flow. This is similar to the positioning in which most people write.  If the middle finger is guiding and squeezing more than being used as a resting point, adjust the pen’s rear closer to the V created where the thumb meets the hand. It may feel more comfortable to place the pen closer towards the end of your middle finger, past the knuckle. The angle is extremely important, since it moves the tines away from the feed and allows ink to flow.  Poor ink flow is usually due to an improper angle.  Keep in mind that each fountain pen requires a slightly different angle at which the tines and feed separate. You will learn to recognize this through practice. Some nibs have been modified by technicians to accommodate angles ranging from 35 degrees to nearly 90 degrees.  The feel will be different than that of a ball-point pen, which is designed to write from various angles, including vertical.  A vertical fountain pen does not utilize the full width of the nib (the tip of the pen). You don’t want the nib to rock side to side as you write.  It’s possible for ink to flow from a variety of angles, but each pen has an optimal spot where the ink flows the best.  Writing with a fountain pen can feel inconsistent if the nib is lifted or angled incorrectly off the paper.


Balance your fluids and electrolytes. Take medications. Get a tube inserted into your stomach or colon. Get surgery for an acute or chronic bowel obstruction. Get a stent inserted.

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Since fluids are being trapped in your intestines and you may also be vomiting, you'll need intravenous fluids (IV) to stay hydrated. The treatment will also ensure that your sodium, potassium, chloride, and electrolyte levels are balanced. If you have a partial bowel obstruction, the doctor may try to fix it with medication before considering surgery. Your doctor may prescribe medications, such as antibiotics for infection or laxatives to help the intestines pass the obstruction. Your doctor can also prescribe:  Pain medication Medications to make the intestines contract Anti-nausea medications Anti-diarrhea medications If you suddenly developed the bowel obstruction and have pressure building up, a doctor may insert a tube into your nose that goes through the esophagus and into your stomach. The doctor might reduce pressure by inserting a tube through your rectum into your colon. Your medical team may use the tube to remove fluids from your stomach or colon. If you have a bowel obstruction that developed quickly or you have an obstruction that's been feeling worse as time goes on, your doctor will recommend surgically fixing the obstruction. You'll be put under general anesthesia while the surgeon removes the blockage and repairs your intestines. Sometimes surgery may not be possible. Talk with your medical support team about further treatments. A stent can help open up the blocked area of your bowels. Additionally, your surgeon might want to insert a small, flexible stent into the intestine before surgery to reduce the pressure in your bowels. The stent can make the surgery safer and improve your healing. If you can't have bowel surgery, the surgeon will just insert the stent to relieve pressure, which can improve symptoms. You'll probably need to stay in the hospital for 1 to 2 days following the procedure to ensure that the stent is in place and your bowels are working properly.


Ball your hands into fists and place them together. Count the months working with your knuckles and grooves. Do not count the knuckles on your thumbs. Remember that months that land on a knuckle have 31 days. Understand months that land on a groove have 30 days, excluding February.

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You can also use your knuckles to remember the number of days in each month. To start, ball both your hands into fists. Then, hold both your fists in front of your face. Push your two balled fists together, so your two thumbs and two index fingers touch. You should start with January at the leftmost knuckle. You will count the months by moving across your fists, counting each knuckle and groove as a month.  Start with the outermost knuckle on your left hand. This is the knuckle made by your left pinky. This is January. Move to the groove just to the right of your leftmost knuckle. This is the groove between the knuckles made by your left pinky and ring finger. This is February. Keep moving across your two hands, naming each knuckle and groove the name of a different month. When you reach the knuckle made by your left index finger, move immediately to the knuckle made by your right index finger. Do not count your thumb knuckles, or the gap between your hands. The knuckle made by your left index finger should be July. The knuckle made by your right index finger should be August. The months that land on your knuckles are January, March, May, July, August, October, and December. All these months have 31 days. The months that land on the grooves of your knuckles should be February, April, June, September, and November. These months all have 30 days. If you don't end up with these months landing on your grooves, you might have skipped a knuckle or groove, or counted the gap between your hands. Start over and go slower.


Bandage the surgical site. Change the bandages regularly. Wash your hands. Clean the wound. Use pain relievers.

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The surgeon or doctor may have you cover the area where your granuloma was removed. This helps protect the wound from infection and can absorb any blood or fluid leakage.  Put on a new covering with light pressure if you experience any bleeding. If you have a lot of bleeding, contact your doctor. Wear the bandage for at least one day after your medical professional removes the granuloma. Keep the wound as dry as you can, which helps it heal and keeps bacteria out of the site. Avoid showering for at least a day after the procedure, unless your doctor advises that it is safe. Change the bandage a day after the procedure, or sooner if necessary. The bandage keeps the site clean and dry. It can also minimize the risk of infection or serious scarring.  Use bandages that let your skin breathe. Air flow can promote healing. You can get breathable bandages at most drug stores and at many grocery stores. Your doctor may also provide you with dressings for the wound. Change the bandage until you see no open wounds or as instructed by your doctor. You may only need to keep the area bandaged for one day. Washing your hands is important any time you touch the site or change the bandages. This reduces the risk of infection or scarring. Wash with warm water and a soap of your choice. Lather your hands for at least twenty seconds. It’s important for healing and preventing infection to keep the surgical site clean. Wash the area daily with a mild cleanser or soap, which can get rid of any bacteria on your skin.  Use the same soap and water to clean the site that you would on your hands.  Stay away from scented cleansers to avoid irritation. Rinse the site thoroughly with warm water. Dab on a bit of hydrogen peroxide if your doctor instructs you or if you see any redness that may be an infection.  Pat the wound dry before putting on the covering. Any type of surgical removal may cause mild pain or tenderness at the removal site. Take an over-the-counter pain reliever to relieve discomfort and decrease any swelling. Ibuprofen,...


Bang 2 pan lids together, clap your hands, and blow a whistle. Always make noises a sufficient distance away from your dog. Take your dog to the park and call his name as he runs around.

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If your dog does not respond to any of these noises, he may be deaf. You can also turn on the vacuum or shake a tin of biscuits out of the dog’s line of sight. Do not do a home noise test too close to your dog as his other senses will be very sensitive if he is going deaf.  If, for example, he feels a breeze on his whiskers when you bang a pot or feels vibrations on the ground when the vacuum is on, he may give the impression that he can sense the noises. Keep in mind your dog may only be deaf in one ear and have hearing in the other ear, so he may still respond to these tests. The only difference is that he may look around as if puzzled, as he tries to localize the sound. Of course, some dogs may just be naughty or distracted, rather than deaf, so use your common sense as to whether his habits at the park have changed or not.  A well-behaved dog that fails to hear a recall may appear confused or distressed. His head may flick from side to side, and he may trot in circles as if lost. When he is some distance away you might notice him stop and look around as if trying to locate you by sight, even though you are shouting at him. If you call his name, his ears should tip and move towards the source of the sound, so look to see if the ears are moving in seemingly random directions or if they quickly focus in on the right direction.


Bare your arms. Bare your wrists. Wear red. Add some flair to your wardrobe.

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Showing off as much leg as possible is often used to grab men's attention, but if this isn't something you're comfortable with, don't fret. Show off as much of your arms instead. Expect this to attract a guy's eye just as much (if not more so) than your legs. Try wearing more:  Tanktops. T-shirts. Sleeveless dresses and blouses. Of course, if you live in Alaska and it's the middle of winter, you probably don't have as much opportunity to walk around in a tanktop. So don't risk hypothermia just to get noticed! However, do try to keep your wrists exposed when you're talking with that certain someone. Be aware that your wrists are one of the key areas where your body's pheromones are released. This means he probably won't take any notice of your wrists, at least as far as he's aware of. But on a subconscious level he's more likely to respond to your smell if you don't cover it up. Incorporate the color red into your wardrobe in order to hold men's attention. Expect men to find you more attractive in this color than any other. However, keep in mind that this tends to enhance their perception of you, not form it, so don't expect it to work if he doesn't like anything else about you. Don't feel like you need to wear a designer dress or tailor-made suit every day of the week. But if casual garb is your main thing, switch things up every now and then. Keep him guessing about what you'll wear next. For instance:  Opt for a dress or suit over your usual jeans and t-shirt. Make a point of showing up to the gym in your nice clothes if he only ever sees you in athletic gear.  Wear some elegant pajamas to bed instead of your flannels or sweats.


Base the villain on a real person. Use your biggest fear to create the villain. Make the villain similar to your protagonist. Avoid using abstract concepts like disease, war, or a corporation as the villain. Read examples of strong villains in fiction.

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Pick someone in your life that you think is a little bad or complicated. Choose a celebrity or a notorious criminal from the news as a model for the villain. Combine parts of several people to create the villain. For example, you may use a serial killer from your hometown as the inspiration for your villain. Or you may pick a relative who did horrible things as the model for your villain. Think about what you fear most and then use that fear to come up with a villain for your story. Maybe you fear death, and you make your villain an embodiment of death. Or maybe you fear spiders, so your villain is a giant spider. If you are afraid of your villain on some level, your reader will feel this and respond to it. For example, the villain in Stephen King’s Misery is inspired by his addiction to drugs and alcohol. King was afraid of his addiction so he turned it into a villain for his novel. Your villain should share similar traits and qualities as the protagonist, or hero, of your story. They may share them same childhood experiences or feel the same sense of loneliness in the world. You can make their morals and values different, but they should also have some overlap so the reader can sympathize with both characters. For example, you may have a villain who shares the same need to belong or feel wanted by their family as the protagonist has. The villain may decide to take violent action to achieve their goal, while the protagonist tries peaceful action instead. Abstract concepts can be difficult for readers to grasp and make them feel little empathy or sympathy. Avoid them, as they can be difficult to get readers to connect to. If you do want to use an abstract concept as the villain, make the concept into a character the reader can see on the page. For example, you may use a sinister businessman to represent a corporation. Or you may use an arms dealer as a representation of war. Look at villains in several genres of writing. Notice how the author makes the villain believable and engaging for the reader. Pay...


Base your diet around lean protein. Use whole-wheat carbs for energy. Enjoy some healthy fats. Consider taking Supplements.

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Protein is the name of the game when it comes to building muscle — it's what your body uses to construct new, stronger muscle fibers out of your old ones. For this reason, anyone aiming to get big should make sure they're eating enough lean protein. Workout resources generally recommend about 40-60 grams of protein for most adults' meals (more if you are exceptionally large already.) For the most muscle-building benefit in the smallest caloric package, try to prioritize lean protein sources. A few examples include:  White meat chicken Leaner cuts of pork and beef Beans Lentils Tofu, soy, etc. Egg whites Low-fat dairy products Carbohydrates get a bad rap today, but truthfully they're absolutely vital for a healthy, energetic lifestyle. Whole-wheat carbohydrates provide filling, long-lasting energy that keeps you going throughout the day (including during your workout. Most workout resources recommend eating about 40-80 grams of carbohydrates per meal.  Carbohydrates made from whole-wheat grains are preferable to those that aren't — whole wheat products incorporate the entire kernel of wheat, which contains more nutrients and protein than "white" breads and the like, which tend to go heavy on sugar. Examples of healthy carbs include:  Whole wheat breads, pastas, crackers, etc. Brown rice Quinoa Steel-cut or old-fashioned oats Beans and legumes   In addition, most fruits and vegetables qualify as healthy carbohydrates (especially green leafy vegetables) and are rich in vitamins and minerals. Contrary to popular belief, "fat" is not a dirty word in the world of fitness. In fact, consuming a small amount of fat each day is a great way to build up a small, healthy reserve of energy (which can be a big help during a tough workout.) It's important, however, to moderate your fat intake — you'll only need about 5-10 grams per meal. Some sources of fat are healthier than others. Avoid processed fats, which you'll usually find in snack foods and which tend to lack nutrients. Instead, try one of these healthy fat sources:...


Base your humor around unexpected situations or reactions. Use the rule of three to write funny scripts. Pattern the humor around relatable situations. Use metaphors or similes to create humorous dialogue. Try adding funny anecdotes or stories if you've got writer's block.

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At a base level, humorous situations arise from situations that you believe will happen one way that turn out an entirely different way. Plan situations or lines in your funny video that lead the viewer to one conclusion only to flip that conclusion on its head.  You could, for example, write about a character who realizes on their blind date that they used to be swim team rivals. Or, if you're writing a Star Trek parody, you could have the USS Enterprise run into the Death Star from Star Wars. Similar to unexpected situations, humor arises when established patterns are broken in sets of three. Try writing a scene where two similar ideas or situations are presented, then add a third that breaks the pattern.  You could, for example, write a slapstick scene where two characters walk through a doorway normally and the third gets hit in the face with a pie when he walks through. Or you could write about two ghosts who like living in a haunted house and a third who is afraid of other ghosts. Successful funny videos are usually based on situations that people can relate to. Think about who your video's target audience is and write in situations that this group has probably experienced.  For example, you could write a video about funny, relatable things that happen to high school students (like boring teachers, awkward first dates, and overly-enthusiastic football games). Try writing about situations that are funny to you or a community you belong to, as this will help your humor feel more authentic. Funny videos often compare one thing to a caricature of itself. Brainstorm things that remind you of a certain character or situation, and implement them into your dialogue to amplify the humor.  You could, for example, write about a mean, strict boss and have another character say, "Did Tiny Tim get on your nerves today, Mr. Scrooge?" Or you could write about a person who just got turned down by a guy and have them say, "I just hit on him but now I feel like my heart was hit by a bus." If you can't think of anything to...