Get a shock absorbing subfloor. Try foam mats with a stiff middle layer of flooring. Buy pre-built sprung floor panels. Select a dance surface to top your subflooring.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

If you’re hoping to install a dance floor on a hard surface, such as concrete, the dance floor will need to be “sprung” or otherwise cushioned for comfort and safety. There are many ways to do so for professional floors. The easiest option for a home dance floor employs a layer of dense foam that is often referred to as “closed-cell” subflooring. There are lots of options even within closed-cell foam subflooring. The foam can be purchased in individual, connectable squares, or in a roll.  Contact your local hardware store or look for dance floor subflooring online. Some flooring companies provide especially easy-to-install materials that are designed for use in cushioned dance floors. Look online for close-cell foam subflooring and clip-together athletic tiles that provides a middle layer between the foam and whatever dance surface you finish your dance floor with. The cost of both of these layers together comes up to about $5/sqft (roughly $15/sq meter). You can by panels of “sprung” flooring, such as that found in high-tier dance studios and performance halls, that can be attached together and covered with a dance flooring surface. They are easily assembled and can be taken apart and moved. This is an especially convenient route if you plan to build a commercial dance floor yourself. Subflooring simply provides the cushioning necessary to absorb the impact from dancers, provide elasticity, and prevent injuries. However, you still need a layer of dance flooring to go on top of the subflooring. Depending on the type of subflooring you use, you may also need a stiff middle layer in between.  There are plenty of different dance flooring materials to choose from, such as Marley flooring. Most will be a thin, durable material similar to that of a yoga mat. This top layer usually costs $2-4 per sqft (0.2-0.4 meters squared).


Get a short, unscented pillar candle. Place a rubber band around the middle of the candle. Start tucking the cinnamon sticks behind the rubber band. Straighten the cinnamon sticks up. Cover the rubber band by wrapping some ribbon around it. Consider adding some embellishments for that final touch. Use the candle.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

The candle can be any size you want, but keep in mind that you will be wrapping the cinnamon sticks around this candle. The thicker the candle is, the more cinnamon sticks you will have to use.  Choose a candle that is the same height as your cinnamon sticks. You can also use a tea candle, and stick it in a glass candle votive instead. For a twist, try a vanilla-scented candle. The cinnamon fragrance will blend well with it. If you are using a candle votive instead, then place the rubber band around the middle of the votive instead. The rubber band will hold the cinnamon sticks in place. Don't worry about how the rubber band looks for now; you will be covering it up later. Keep adding cinnamon sticks until the candle/votive is completely covered and there are no gaps left. How many cinnamon sticks you end up using will depend on how thick or thin the candle/votive was. The cinnamon sticks don't all have to be the same height. For a more interesting-looking candle, consider cutting some of the sticks shorter, so that you get a more natural, jagged look. It's okay if the cinnamon sticks are different heights or extend past the top of the candle, but they all need to be flat on the bottom. Gently tap your candle against a flat surface, such as a table, and push down on the cinnamon sticks until they are all even on the bottom. This will make your candle more stable, and prevent it from wobbling. All cinnamon sticks have a groove or seam. You can have the sticks all facing in the same direction, so that the groove is facing inward or outward. You can also make it random, with some of the sticks facing inward, and others facing outward. For a more rustic feel, you can use burlap ribbon instead. You can also wrap some baker's twine or jute string around it, then tie the ends into a bow; you'll have to wrap the twine/string a few times in order to cover the rubber band.  You can use any type of ribbon you want, but something warm colored (burgundy, copper, or brown) will look best. You can also use fabric, gingham...


Get a small metal can. Get a larger metal can. Puncture four small holes in the small can. Slide two thin rods between the four holes in the can. Fill the small can with water. Measure the temperature of the water. Place the small can inside of the larger one. Unfold a paperclip and insert one end into a cork.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

This can will be used to contain water that will be heated as part of the calorimetric measurements. Any small metal can will work, such as those used to package vegetables, or a soda can. Make sure that it is empty, clean, and open on one end. If you are using a soda can, the opening used for drinking out of the can will suffice. You will need a second metal can, large enough that the small metal can will fit inside it with room to spare. Any larger metal can will work, such as a coffee can. Make sure that it is empty, clean, and open on both ends. Using a hole punch, ice pick, or other implement, carefully puncture four small holes (each one directly across from another) in the small metal can. Position the holes just below the rim of the open end of the can. Slide one rod through the can to the other side, then repeat with the other rod and the two remaining holes; the two rods should cross each other. These rods will be used to support the small can in the calorimeter. Temperature-resistant glass rods are ideal. If you do not have any, try any kind of sturdy, nonflammable rod. Using a graduated cylinder, flask, or other container, pour 100 mL of distilled water in the small metal can. Using a mercury thermometer (not a digital one), take the initial temperature of your water. You may need to leave the thermometer in the water for some time so that it can get an accurate reading of the water (which may change temperature as it adjusts to room temperature). Leave the thermometer in the water; you will need it to take another reading later. The small metal can should rest securely inside the larger one, supported by the rods made of glass or another nonflammable material. A standard-size paperclip will be used to hold the food inside the calorimeter. Completely unfold the paperclip so that it forms a single long strand. Insert one end of the strand into the cork. Make sure it can stand upright with the unfolded paperclip sticking up.


Get a small, plastic ring. Make your template. Trace the circle onto cotton fabric, then cut it out. Sketch out your stitching guidelines. Sew a simple straight stitch around the edge of your fabric. Gather the fabric around the ring. Tack the gathers into place. Fold the raw edges of the fabric inside. Sew the gap shut. Sew around the button, just inside the ring. Cut a circle out of felt. Stitch the felt to the back of the button. Make the shank. Reinforce the shank.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

They are often called "bone rings." You can find them in the drapery section or crochet section in a fabric store. A well-stocked craft store may also carry them. Aim for something around 1 inch (2.54 centimeters) in diameter. Measure the diameter of the ring. Multiply it by 21/2. Draw a circle on a sheet of cardstock with the new measurement as the diameter. Cut the circle out. If your fabric is a pattern on it, cut a circle out of the middle of your template. The circle needs to be the same size as your ring. Spread your fabric on a flat surface, right-side-down. Place the template on top of the fabric. Trace around the circle using a tailor's chalk or pen. Cut the circle out when you are done. If your fabric has a pattern on it, make sure that the template is centered. Use the hole in the middle as a guide. Place your fabric circle wrong-side-up on the table. Set your plastic ring down in the center. Trace around the plastic ring using a tailor's chalk or pen. Keep your line halfway between the ring and the edge of the fabric. Thread your needle and tie both ends of the thread into a knot. Start sewing on the wrong side of your fabric. Finish sewing on the right side of the fabric. Do not knot the thread when you are done. Make sure that the thread you are using is strong, preferably nylon or polyester. Place the ring on the wrong side of the fabric. Make sure that it is centered. Gently pull on the thread until the fabric gathers around the ring. Don't cut the thread yet. If your fabric has a pattern on it, check the front to make sure that it is centered. Adjust it, if needed. Using the same needle and thread, pass the needle back through some of the gathers, anchoring them in place. Be careful not to pierce through the front of the button. Tie the thread into a knot when you are done. Don't cut it yet. Use a knitting needle or small crochet hook to tuck the raw edges of the fabric under itself and into the covered button. Make two small stitches across the back of the button. Pull on the thread to close...


Get a small, thick stack of paper to make your flipbook with. Create elaborate drawings so your flipbook is more complex.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You can use a notebook or pad of sticky notes, or bind your own stack of paper using glue, staples, or a paper clip. Look for paper that is around 3 x 5 inches (7.6 x 12.7 cm). Something slightly smaller or larger will work too. Use lightweight paper for your flipbook so the pages are easy to flip. Once you’ve mastered the basics, move on from drawing stick figures and start drawing interesting scenes and characters with dimension. Use shading and perspective to make your animation look more realistic. Keep background shading consistent. If the moving item itself is casting a shadow, like a bouncing ball, then move the shadow with the item.


Get a smart phone. Download a push-to-talk app. Install the app and set up an account. Invite friends and family to download the app. Push to talk.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Purchasing a smart phone solely to have a walkie talkie may not be the most cost effective, but most people already have a smart phone.  If you don’t have access to a smart phone, you can always use the first method in this article. Push-to-talk apps are available for most major smart phone operating systems, including iPhone, Android, and Windows phones. Open the application store on your smart phone and search for push-to-talk apps. There several apps available, including:  iPTT: this is one of the App Store’s original push-to-talk apps. It provides one-to-many group communication. It also offers one-to-one communication within a group channel, called “whisper”, or straight one-to-one communication. It’s simple to use and free to download for iPhone users. TiKL Touch Talk Walkie Talkie: this is another simple but great push-to-talk app. All you need is your contact list and a data plan on your phone. TiKL supports group messaging and push-to-talk calls. It’s also free to download for iPhone and Android users. Voxer: this app functions like a walkie-talkie, but it sends messages rather than real-time dispatches. The app runs on iPhone and Android. It’s also free, and works over any data connection, including Wi-Fi. You can also send text messages, location messages, and photos. HeyTell: this app is a lot like Voxer, but with more customization. It has three levels of privacy, which allows you to add or block friends from Twitter and Facebook. Like Voxer, it works on any data connection. It’s free and can run on Windows Phone, as well as iPhone and Android. Zello: this app caters to developers, who want to add push-to-talk functionality to their own apps. But as a regular smart phone user, you can use Zello to turn your phone into a walkie-talkie. Like Voxer, Zello saves messages for replay later. The app is free and works on iPhone, Android, and Blackberry. These apps don't use your phone number or plan minutes. So you will need to set up an account to allow other users to find you via the app. One of the...


Get a smooth, heat-safe surface. Allow the hot glue gun to heat up first. Make a coin-sized glob of hot glue on your work surface. Wait for the glue to cool for about 30 seconds. Press the stamp into glue, wait 30 to 60 seconds, then pull the stamp away.Don't worry if some of the glue or wax sticks to the stamp. Wait for the wax seal to cool all the way, then peel it off. Paint the stamp using acrylic paint. Use the wax seal.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You will be making your seal on this, and then peeling it off. Make sure that the surface is smooth, and that it can take heat. A silicone mat, a glass tile, or a plate would be ideal. You can also use a sheet of aluminum foil or a metal baking sheet.  In a pinch, you can also use a sheet of paper. Keep in mind that, after you peel the seal away, some of the paper will cling to the back. This method is great if you need to make a lot of wax seals. You can use plain hot glue sticks or colored hot glue sticks. Keep in mind that you can always paint your seal when you are done. Some arts and crafts stores also sell special wax sticks meant for hot glue guns and making wax seals; you can use one of those instead.  Crayons are not recommended, as they can damage your hot glue gun. If you do decide to use a crayon, gently push the it down into the hot glue gun, otherwise, it may leak out the sides.  Consider placing your stamp on top of an ice pack. This will chill your stamp down, and help the hot glue seal set faster. Your stamp can chill while your hot glue heats up! It should be about the same size as your stamp. Keep in mind that the glue will spread about ⅛-inch (0.32 centimeter) after you press the stamp into it. During this time, you can also rub the surface of the stamp with some vegetable oil. This is especially recommended for stamps that are not made out of metal. Hot glue won't stick well to metal, but it will stick to other materials, including clay. This happens sometimes. Let the glue or wax harden up first, then pick it away with a pin or needle. You can use a metal, store-bought stamp meant for making wax seals, or you can make your own stamp using one of the methods above. If you made yours on a sheet of paper, you will likely have bits of paper clinging to the back. This should not be a problem, since you will be gluing the seal onto another surface anyway. Unless you used a colored hot glue stick, your wax seal will turn out clear or frosted-white. If you want, you can paint it a more...


Get a snow shovel. Buy flashlights and battery-powered lamps. Stock up on candles and holders. Fill some shelves with non-perishable food. Fill up some containers of water. Gather blankets and warm clothing. Locate your first aid kit. Get your hands on a camping stove or grill. Find some matches. Ensure you have a phone you can use. Stock up on diapers, formula, and baby food. Get a refill on your prescription medications. Consider investing in a battery-operated radio.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Get a quality snow shovel so you can dig yourself out if need be. You may also need to shovel to dig your car out once the storm is over.  Try the shovel out before you buy it. Check that you can use it comfortable, especially if you have physical challenges. Consider getting a small snow shovel to dig snow out of smaller corners. Rock salt is not an effective snow melter. While it can melt snow, a shovel will move much more snow quickly.  Rock salt and other ice melt treatments are meant for ice, and not effective for snow. If you need to remove snow do so physically. Rock salt and other ice melters can be devastating for your local water and soil, as well as your vehicles and sidewalk. If you must use chemical treatments on paved surfaces, use it only when necessary and only where needed. Put fresh batteries in your lamps and flashlights if a storm is coming. Go for a model that can power your cell phone if you can. You can even make a homemade flashlight. In case your flashlight suddenly gives out or you run out of batteries, you can light your home the old-fashioned way.  LED candles and lanterns are a safer alternative to traditional candles. Fire from candles during a blackout is a real risk, especially with small children. If you use candles, put them in safe holders. Keep them away from anything flammable never leave them unattended; and put them out before going to bed. Stock up on canned soups and vegetables, powdered food, and grains like rice and pasta. Make sure you have enough to last your family at least three or four days. Find a hand-operated can-opener too.  Eat the perishable food first. The non-perishable items are for eating if there is a prolonged emergency. The perishables should be used up first. Cook meats ahead of time to make them safer if the power goes up. Uncooked hamburger meat is dangerous within hours, but cooked may be safe for quite some time.   If you drink coffee, consider methods that do not require electricity: French press style, for example, or instant coffee. Your...


Get a solvent like rubbing alcohol, nail polish remover, or adhesive remover. Test the solvent on a hidden area of your clothing to see if it causes damage. Turn the clothing inside out so the backside of the printing is facing you. Pour the solvent onto the part of the clothing where the printing is. Turn the clothing back right side out and peel or scrape off the printing. Repeat the process until you have peeled off all the printing. Wash the clothing as you normally would to remove the solvent.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

These are common solvents you will be able to find in your house or at a convenience store. Get a bottle that has enough liquid in it to soak the whole area of the clothing that you want to remove printing from.  You can also look for special heat transfer vinyl remover that is designed to take vinyl lettering off of clothing. Solvents only work to remove vinyl and rubber prints from clothing. Screen printed ink is permanent on clothes. Turn the clothing inside out or find an area that doesn’t show when you wear it. Pour a drop or two of the solvent you are going to use onto the hidden area, and wait to see if it discolors or damages the fabric in any way.  If the clothing looks fine after you pour the solvent on, then it is safe to proceed. If not, then you should find another solvent to use so you don’t ruin your clothing. Don’t use solvents on delicate fabrics such as rayon, wool, or silk. You want to be able to soak the fabric behind the printing in order to take it off the front. Place the inside-out item of clothing on a flat surface in front of you. It would probably be easiest to sit or stand at a table or counter as you remove the printing. Pour out enough solvent to soak the entire back part of the fabric behind the print you want to remove. Wear a facemask if the solvent fumes bother you.  Make sure that you are working over a surface that will be easy to clean up if you accidentally spill any solvent. Stretching the fabric out so that the solvent can soak in completely can make the process easier. Just make sure not to stretch the clothing so much that you damage or distort it. Flip the clothing back so that the printing is facing outwards. Try to peel off the print with your fingers or scrape it off with the sharp edge of a knife.  Be careful when you use a knife and always scrape away from you. You can wear latex gloves if you don’t want to get the solvent on your fingers and hands. Get as much print off as you can by peeling and scraping. Flip the clothing inside out again and pour on more...


Get a spatula. Squeeze a liberal amount of lotion onto the spatula. Gently reach the spatula behind your back. Spread the lotion around your back.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You can use a plastic or rubber spatula, and a wooden one will work too, but avoid a metal spatula. If you have multiple options, opt for whichever one has the longest handle.  You may not want to use a spatula that you frequently use to cook. If possible, buy one that you can designate for the purpose of applying lotion. It’s possible to get splinters from a wooden spatula, so be careful when using one. Keep the spatula as flat as you can when you squirt the lotion onto it so that you don’t drop any onto the ground. You may do better to use a little less lotion and make more than one application. Do your best to keep the spatula flat with the lotion side up, bend your arm around to your back and place the lotion against your lower back. Move the head of the spatula around in a circle covering your lower back first and moving up to your mid-back. You can then reach over your shoulder from the top and apply lotion to your upper back as well. Add more lotion if you need to and repeat the process until you have covered all areas of your back.


Get a square piece of lightweight paper in your desired colour.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Lightweight paper works best for origami, as it is easy to fold. This helps to create sharp folds which make the end product look professional and tidy. Choose a colour that will compliment your photo. Black and white photos look great in brightly coloured frames and coloured photos tend to look good in paler coloured frames.  A 6 in (15 cm) square of paper makes a frame that is about 3 inches (7.6 cm) wide and high. Similarly, an 8 in (20 cm) square of paper makes a frame that is about 4 inches (10 cm) high and wide. Origami paper works best for this activity, as it has 1 coloured side and 1 blank (or different coloured) side. This helps to create a frame with different colours in it. However, regular paper will also work.


Get a square sheet of paper that's twice the size you want the frame to be. Mark the center on the front of the paper. Bend the fourth corner to make a stand.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

The finished frame will be suitable for a square photo that's 1 in (2.5 cm) smaller than your desired frame. If your photo is not square, then you'll have to cut it into a square first.  For example, your photo is 3 in (7.6 cm), you'll need a 4 in (10 cm) frame. Your paper will have to be 8 in (20 cm). This method assumes that your paper is patterned on one side and blank on the other. If your paper is blank on both sides, just pick a side to be the front. You can do this by measuring the paper with a ruler or by folding it diagonally both ways to create an X-shaped crease. Creasing the paper won't affect the appearance of the final frame.  If you choose to mark the paper, make sure that you do it on the front, patterned side. If you choose to fold the paper, be sure to flatten it back out so that it looks like a square again. If your paper is blank on both sides, just pick a side to be the front. Bring the fourth corner towards the middle, then run your fingernail along the edge to make a crease. Unfold the corner by about 45 to 90 degrees, then use it to prop the frame up.  The entire corner/flap should be flat against the table. If you prefer to hang the frame, leave the corner unfolded. Instead, pin the corner to the wall so that the frame looks like a house.


Get a standard tape measure. Find your starting measuring point. Extend your tape measure to the opposite corner. Convert your measurements to tenths of an inch. Convert inches to centimeters (if necessary).

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Screens are typically measured in inches, though different regions will choose metric over Imperial. If you need to, you can convert your measurement after the fact. Screens are measured diagonally, so your starting point will be either the bottom-left or bottom-right corner of the screen. The measurement only accounts for the actual screen, not the enclosure, so start your measurement at the very corner where the visible part of the screen starts. Remember that you are measuring just the visible portion of the screen, not any of the enclosure.  Screens were originally measured diagonally to make the size sound more impressive. Most retailers advertise screens in tenths of inches (15.3", 17.1", etc.), but most tape measures are marked in 16ths of an inch. If you want to know the retail number that your screen would be labeled, refer to this chart of common sizes. If you need to know the size of the screen in centimeters but only have the inches measurement, multiply the inches by 2.54 to find the measurement in centimeters.  For example, a 13.3 inch screen is 33.8 centimeters (13.3 x 2.54 = 33.782).


Get a tan. Moisturize generously. Apply a tinted oil or cream.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You may already be tan, but if not, you will need to get a tan. There are many ways to get a tan. Some are more dangerous than others. A few ways to get tan are:  Lay out in the sun. To do this, you will need to find a sunny spot, wear a bathing suit, apply sunscreen, and lay out for at least thirty minutes. Don’t lay out in the sun too long or too much. Too much exposure to the sun can cause skin cancer. Go to a tanning bed. Using a tanning bed is a quick, but potentially dangerous method. You can find a tanning salon in your area, pay for a subscription, and then use the tanning beds as much as you please. Tanning in a bed, however, can increase your chances of skin cancer more than any other method of tanning. Get a spray tan. This is a safe way to get a tan. You can go to a tanning salon in your area that does spray tans, and pay for their service. Spray tans typically do not last longer than a couple of weeks, and they may rub off on your clothing and sheets. But, they do not risk your health. Apply a self-tanner. This is the cheapest and safest way to get a spray tan. You can purchase a spray or cream and apply it in your home. It is inexpensive and safe for your health, but it can produce an unnatural color and come off on your clothing. Moisturize at least twice a day. You need to moisturize to keep your tan healthy and lasting. Apply moisturizer in the morning and at night. In the morning, apply a cream that has SPF in it. At night, use a hydrating face and body cream. Eau Soleil Body Milk is recommended for the morning. After sun exposure, Biotherm’s Crème Nacrée After Sun is recommended. Along with moisturizing, use a tinted oil or cream. Use a cream or oil with SPF in it for added protection from UV rays. Tinted products will add an extra glow to your skin, keep you moisturized, and protect you from skin damage.  BB creams are a good and common choice. You can also find tinted creams for specific needs, like oily skin, anti-aging, and dry skin.


Get a tan. Start toning your legs. Strength train Try anti-cellulite clothing.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Whether it’s a spray tan or a natural one, tanned butts and legs don’t show cellulite as much.  If you already have a dark complexion, you’re lucky because darker skin doesn’t show cellulite as much as pale skin does. Always take caution when tanning, though. The sun’s rays can lead to skin cancer, so it's usually a better choice to get an authentic looking fake tan. There are many ways to do this: airbrush or booth spray tanning at a salon and home products such as foam, lotion, or spray. When applying tanning lotion, start by exfoliating the skin with a body scrub, as well as shaving any areas where you don't want hair. Then, using gloves, apply the lotion all over your body, starting with the head area, and taking care not to get it into your eyes. Apply petroleum jelly to your eyebrows to prevent them from becoming discolored. When spray tanning, it’s very important that you wear recommended protective gear (over eyes, nose, and other body openings) so you don’t ingest the tanning particles during the process. If using a booth, you will be instructed to turn inside the booth as a nozzle sprays you with the solution. While genetics might make you more susceptible to cellulite, toned legs with strong muscle definition tend to show cellulite less.  Run up a staircase, go for a long walk or jog, and use a stair master or elliptical trainer. All of these exercises and equipment target the leg and butt areas where cellulite resides. Contrary to popular myth, cellulite is not caused by toxins in the body. It’s caused by a lack of exercise and muscle tone, excess fat, poor circulation, genetics and hormones. Leg lifts and squats are among the exercises that can help you tone your legs. . Although running and other cardio can reduce your weight, which can make cellulite less obvious, strength training will be best at getting rid of the dimpled look.  Yoga routines help tone the body and reduce the appearance of cellulite, as do strength-training routines that build muscle. Studies have shown that people who...


Get a tattoo. Change your look. Give yourself a present. Volunteer.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Mark the milestone with permanent ink. Whether your first or 15th, what a great way to remember this time in your life. Choose something that truly fits your personality and be creative.  Find something you like but personalize it to make it special and unique.  Ask the artist to design a one-of-a-kind piece. This could involve lots of time, but you want to be absolutely happy with it…forever. If you have had the same haircut since junior year in college or the same pair of glasses, switch it up a bit. Making a small tweak like this will give you an added boost of energy you didn’t know you were missing. Don’t get carried away and reinvent who you are (unless you want to). A small change will do the trick. Rather than waiting on others to spoil you, treat yourself to a phenomenal gift. It’s your birthday and you deserve to have exactly what you want.  Think outside the box too. Maybe all you want for your birthday is to finally finish writing that novel you started 10 years ago. Dig it out, dust it off and get to work. This doesn’t have to be extravagant to be special. Instead, adopt a pet from the local shelter or splurge on a killer pair of heels or golf clubs you’ve had your eye on. As a mature adult who is closing in on 40, you understand the benefits of giving back to the community. It’s also a fantastic way to meet new people and create experiences you might have missed out on.  There are dozens of organizations out there that can use your help and skills. Find something that fits your personality and schedule. Volunteering doesn’t have to be a boring chore so do something fun. All work and no play will make for a dull birthday.


Get a testing kit. Fill the plastic vessel with sample water. Add the turbidity solution. Wait one minute. Transfer the resulting solution into the test tube. Stop when the black dot disappears. Check the liquid level. Run the test over, if the level is too high or too low. Adjust your water as needed and retest.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

A turbidity testing kit, also called a "disappearing dot" test, should come with a special glass test tube, a separate plastic vessel, and chemical reagent packets. While each kit can vary by manufacturer, many also come with a plastic pipette and a spoon or stirring rod.  The glass test tube should have a black dot or black line at the bottom of the tube. This mark is crucial to the testing process, so make sure that it is there. Sometimes the test tube and the plastic vessel are connected, but there should at least be two separate compartments. Collect water into the plastic vessel of the testing kit. Be sure to use the amount indicated in the test instructions (25 ml is common). You can do this by directly scooping the water up with the plastic vessel. Some testing kits will provide a plastic vessel that has a lid. When this is the case, you can mix the reagent into the sample water by capping the vessel and shaking it for 30 seconds or so. Pour one packet of the chemical reagent into the sample water. Use the provided spoon or stirring rod to gently mix the powder into the water until it dissolves. If your kit does not have a spoon or rod provided, use a plastic or glass spoon. Doing so will allow the necessary chemical reaction to occur. The reagent reacts with the cyanuric acid in the water to create turbidity, or cloudiness. Cloudier water indicates a higher concentration of cyanuric acid. Use the pipette to transfer the testing solution into the marked test tube, one drop at a time. Stand the test tube on a white or light surface so that the black mark is easy to spot. Look into the test tube from above as you drop the testing solution inside. As soon as you are no longer able to see any of the black mark at the bottom of the tube, stop dropping water inside. Make sure that you are viewing the test tube from the top and not the side. Read the graduated line on the test tube that hits the surface of the testing liquid. This line will tell you the concentration of cyanuric acid in your sample. If the...


Get a thick chin beard. Wear a set of bushy eyebrows. Get Lincoln's gaunt cheeks with makeup. Tousle your hair.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Lincoln's beard was arguably his most distinctive attribute. His beard was based around the chin and allowed to grow quite bushy, without hiding his shirt collar. Look at pictures of Lincoln's beard and groom your facial hair to match this. You can also make a fake beard with construction paper or brown felt. Use spirit gum to attach it to your face. Although he's remembered for his beard, there were points in his life where Abraham Lincoln shaved his beard. A woman named Grace Bedell convinced him to grow it out. This had the effect of making Lincoln look more trustworthy and warm. Eyebrows are a distinctive trait of Lincoln's. Although not quite as iconic as the beard, they should be considered if you want to make a convincing Lincoln costume. Either purchase some fake eyebrows from a costume store, or make some of your own by gluing pipe cleaner onto thin strips of brown construction paper. From there, you can glue them to your face using spirit gum. Lincoln had a very striking face, with sunken cheeks and protruding cheekbones. One way to replicate this look is by using stage makeup. You should first suck n your cheeks. This way, you'll be able to see where the contours of your face are. Next, take a grey or brown stage makeup and apply it to the area that's sucked in. Blend the edges with your fingers.  Because "gaunt cheek" makeup is usually reserved for horror costumes, it's a good idea to be very moderate with the makeup you use here, provided you're going for a "realistic" Lincoln.  You can try different variations on makeup to create different looks. A "zombie" Abe Lincoln can be done by using lots of white with black around the eyes. Lincoln was known for preferring to keep his hair unruly, as opposed to smooth. If your hair length is approximately that of Lincoln's, you should tousle it up by rubbing your hands coarsely through it. If your hair is quite long, you can get some of the same untidy impression by trapping all of your hair under your top hat and letting a few strands hang loose.


Get a traditional breast lift. Opt for a laser breast lift. Get an internal bra.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

This operation is called mastopexy. Under general anesthesia, the surgeon removes excess skin, lifts your breasts, and cuts away the nipples to position them higher on your chest. Because it involves cutting around the nipple tissue, you will risk losing sensation there. As with any surgery, other risks are infection and blood loss. You can minimize the risk of blood loss by telling your doctor if you are on any medication to thin your blood, and by refraining from drinking alcohol and taking aspirin prior to the procedure. The recovery time is about three to five days for normal daily activities and four to six weeks to resume your exercise program. In this new procedure,  the surgeon uses the laser to cut away just the outer layer of the skin so that the tissue just beneath can be cut away. He or she then attaches this tissue under the breasts to form an internal bra. This process is called "pedicle de-epithelialization." Many surgeons prefer this technique as it reduces blood loss and tissue damage while also improving the skin's firmness.  Like traditional breast lifts, it is done under general anesthesia. The recovery time is the same as with a traditional breast lift. Since the nipple is not removed, you won't experience any loss of sensation. Some plastic surgeons claim that the results are longer lasting that a typical breast lift because of the internal support. The risks are the same as with any other surgery. This procedure involves the surgeon placing a cup made of hard silicone inside and under the breasts. The surgeon then secures the cups with silk straps screwed to the ribs. This forms an invisible bra that holds the breasts in a perkier position. Three women in the United Kingdom have had this done so far.  This procedure is still experimental, and it may be a while before it becomes available to everyone. No one knows how effective it will be in the long-term, as well as what the long-term risks are.


Get a trim every 6-8 weeks. Wear a hat. Be careful tying your hair up. Avoid stress. Protect hair at night. Avoid smoking, caffeine and fizzy drinks.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Hair care experts generally recommend getting a trim every six to eight weeks, to remove dead ends and to keep hair in top shape.  Usually cutting off an inch or two is enough to remove split ends, but always ask your stylist's advice.  If you want to keep your hair long, try getting layers cut into your hair to remove the most damaged parts, but keep the length. A hat can help to protect your hair from harmful UV rays and the drying effects of the sun. A hat can also help to cover up greasy roots between washes, Try wearing a bandana or wrap a scarf around your head if hats aren't your thing. Tying hair too tightly can cause hair to break or snap off, particularly if it's already dry. Pulling your hair back when it's wet is even more damaging. Aim for loose buns and ponytails, and let your hair down before going to sleep at night.  Alternate the way you tie up your hair – tie it low one day, high another and to the side the next. That way, you're not always stressing the same strands.  Avoid hair ties with metal bands, these cause even more damage to hair. Stress causes a chemical reaction in your body that negatively impacts your health. These changes are reflected in your outward appearance, including your hair, which can become thinner or fall out as a result of stress. Do your health and your hair a favor by minimizing stress. Look for ways to wind-down at the end of your day. Light exercise, massages and aroma therapy are all great ways to reduce your stress and improve the health of your hair. Avoid sleeping on a cotton pillow which can dry your hair out, instead sleep on a satin or silk pillowcase or wrap your hair in a silk headscarf at night. Don't sleep with your hair in a tight ponytail, because it can cause breakage. Eliminate smoking, caffeine and fizzy drinks from your life – it will make your hair grow stronger and longer.


Get a trim. Use products containing antioxidants. Apply botanical extracts. Use coconut oil. Condition the hair. Wash with a moisturizing shampoo. Treat your hair with protein.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Trimming your hair can get rid of breakage immediately. Have a professional stylist cut your hair to remove all of the damaged ends. If you blow dry your hair regularly and spend a lot of time in the sun, your hair should be trimmed every eight weeks.  Trimming is especially important if you have split ends. The split will continue to travel up your hair shaft and your hair will break off on its own. If you trim your ends yourself, only use hair shears. Twist your hair into one inch sections around your index finger, and cut off any of the ends that pop up. Antioxidants can correct hair damage caused by the sun and chemical treatments.  Products containing rice extract and artichoke extract can make your hair shinier and smoother and repair your hair cuticle. Products containing Vitamin E (panthenol) increase the water content of your hair and make it more elastic. Improved elasticity keeps your hair from breaking when it is being manipulated. These ingredients can be found in shampoos, conditioners, and hair serums. Plant based biopolymers help your hair maintain moisture and fill the outer layer of your hair shaft that is broken. Look for products that contain carob tree extract, Cystoseira compressed seaweed extract, and Lepidium meyenii extract.  Out of these three ingredients, carob tree extract works best for smoothing the hair cuticle.  Botanical extracts are particularly effective if your hair breakage is due to chemical treatments. These ingredients can be found in shampoos, conditioners, and hair serums. Put coconut oil on your hair every day as a pre-wash treatment.  Coconut oil will coat your hair and protect your hair from losing protein when you wash it.  This will strengthen your hair and improve its appearance. The quality of your hair will improve with long-term use of coconut oil.  If you wash your hair in the morning, you can apply coconut oil before you go to bed and wash it out in the morning. If you wash your hair at night, apply the oil as a post wash treatment so it can penetrate your...


Get a tutor. Study in chunks. Study in different places. Study in a group. Don't bother cramming instead of staying refreshed. Know how you learn Use wikiHow.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Whoever you are, there is someone smarter than you. Okay, so they may not be smarter than you at English or at math, but they could be an absolute whiz when it comes to the fall of the Roman Empire. So get a tutor! There's no shame in it. There's certainly no shame in ensuring your future. If you're in college, there are some students that have tutoring as part of their graduation requirements. They get credit, you get tutored. And it's free! If you can find a pedagogy class, go for it. No stress on you or your wallet. Double win. Studies show that if you take breaks while studying, your attention lasts a lot, lot longer. So study for half an hour, take a ten minute break, and get back to crackin'. You're not losing time -- you're letting your brain re-energize. Also try studying at different times of day. You may find that you like studying more in the morning or at night. Everyone's different! Another brain hack is to study in different places. Turns out your brain starts getting used to an environment and stops processing information (or something like that) and when you go to a new place it gets all excited and starts taking in things and remembering them better (until it gets used to it again). So if you can, find two or three places to do your dirty work. Studies also show that studying in groups can help you retain and understand information. When you get to explain something to someone else or hear other people explain it in different ways, it's a lot easier to process and remember. Here's a few other reasons studying in a group is awesome:  You can break up a boatload of content into manageable pieces. Assign each member a chapter to become an expert on. Problem-solving and consensus reaching. Especially great for the sciences and math. Predicting test questions and testing each other. Making studying more interactive and fun (and thus memorable). Turns out students who cram frantically, generally get pretty average grades. So don't do it! The last thing you want is to be sleep-deprived all the time;...


Get a variety of lures to experiment. Try spoons. Try jigs. Try a crankbait lure. Try spinning lures. Try a plug.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

The primary purpose of fishing with a lure is to imitate as best as possible the movements of a fish's natural prey.  Consequently, there is an enormous variety in the materials, colors, and shapes of fishing lures, each suited for a particular scenario, or fish. There's no such thing as "the best" lure and colour combination to use, so it's good to get a variety and see what works best for you and the fish you're trying to catch. The type and size of lure is generally determined by the fish species that you're targeting. Although there is no defined role for the various lures, the idea is to match a lure as well as possible with a fish's natural prey.  For example, a bass usually feeds on tiny crayfish, making it less likely to bite a large fish-shaped lure. However, bass tend to be attracted to more active lures like chatterbait. A spoon is a lure which resembles the head of a spoon without the handle. This shape causes the lure to flutter in the water as it sinks, which then creates the illusion of an injured bait fish.  The red devil, a red and white spoon, is very popular. The red stripes look like blood to a hungry game fish. Because spoons resemble shads, they work best in waters where shad are plentiful. Jigs are probably the most common lure used in both fresh and saltwater fishing. They consist of a weighted head and a tail made of feathers or plastic, which is used to conceal a hook. Often a piece of live bait or oil-based scent will be attached to the hook to make the lure even more enticing, though this isn't strictly necessary. Oil-based scents are an effective option because they won't clump or ruin the feathers. One of the most recognisable of fishing lures, a crankbait is usually made of plastic or wood and used primarily to fish for bass. This lure often features a bill on the front that looks a lot like a duck. Generally, the bill on the crankbait lure allows it to dive to a pre-defined depth, allowing anglers to work a particular column within the water.  Many crankbaits come with...


Get a vivarium. Add plants and branches. Provide a basking area. Create hiding areas.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

The first thing you will need to get hold of to create a great habitat to help you care for your lizard is an appropriately sized vivarium. This is a container, similar to an aquarium, that has a vented lid. This kind of container is ideal for lizards because it enables you to maintain the heat and the humidity your lizard will need to stay healthy. The size of vivarium you need will depend on the number of green anoles you get.  Anoles can be kept alone or in groups of one male and a number of females A ten-gallon vivarium is big enough for two anoles. If you have two or more male anoles they may fight.  If you have one male and two or three females you should get a 20 gallon vivarium or tank. This would be approximately 48" x 13" x 20". Once you have your tank you need to equip it with all the items your lizard needs for a stimulating and healthy habitat. Start by laying around two inches of sterile potting soil on the base of the tank and cover this with some bark mulch. Then place several potted plants in the tanks. The plants give your lizard opportunities to climb as well as contributing to the humidity.  Make sure you only include reptile safe plants. Pothos, spider plants, philodendrons, dracaena, and ficus are all good choices. You should add some extra branches propped up against the side of the tank. These are great for climbing on. You can buy prepared branches in your pet store. Be wary of bringing in branches from outside as these may have parasites. You should provide an area within the tank that is kept at a higher temperature than the rest of the tank during the day. This is the basking area where your anole will relax during the day. You should keep this area at around 85-90 Fahrenheit. You will need a secondary heat source for this area. This heat source should not cover more than around 25% of the total space of the habitat.  You could use a 50-75 watt incandescent bulb which you have secured in a ceramic base. The lizard should not be able to reach or touch the bulb itself. There are also...


Get a walking or running buddy. Join a road runner's club. Don't let the bad weather stop you. Remind yourself of all the benefits of taking a morning walk or run.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

If you're having a hard time getting yourself out of bed to go running every day, then you can find a friend to join you. It could be a friendly neighbor, a roommate, or just an early bird you know who lives nearby. Having a person to go with will make you accountable to someone else, and will make it less likely for you stay in bed instead of going for your run or walk. You can find a runner's club almost anywhere, and plenty of them meet in the mornings, before work. You will probably be expected to be able to run for at least a few miles, though you can find a club for beginners, too, so that you're running with people who are on your level. Joining this club is another great way to make sure that you actually do go for those morning walks or runs. If it's raining or really windy out, don't use that as an excuse to stay in bed for an extra hour. While you may not want to go running in freezing or rainy weather, you could join a gym so you can go running or walking in the early morning. Sure, running on a treadmill may not feel as exciting as running in the great outdoors, but it's better than nothing. Anytime you feel like staying in bed for an extra hour instead of walking or running, just remind yourself that taking a morning walk or run is one of the greatest things that you can do. It will help you start your day off right. It will give you some time to yourself, a precious 30 minutes before your busy day gets going. It will give your body some great exercise that will boost your energy levels throughout the day. Chant these reasons like a mantra, if you need to, and soon you will see that your day won't be the same without that morning walk or run.


Get a wall-mount bike rack online or at your local hardware store. Measure the bike with a tape measurer. Hold the bike rack on the wall where you want the bike to hang. Use a drill to drill into the wall at the points you marked. Push a wall plug into each hole you drilled. Line the rack up over the holes and screw it into place. Hang the bike on the bike rack.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Choose a vertical or horizontal wall mount depending on how you want your bike to be stored. A vertical bike rack is a good option if you're trying to conserve wall space. Choose a horizontal bike rack if you want your bike to hang flat against the wall. Measure the length of the bike if you're using a vertical bike rack, or the height of the bike if you're using a horizontal bike rack. Don't put the rack up too high or the bike might touch the ceiling when it's hung up. Once you have the rack in position, mark where all of the screw holes on the rack line up with the wall. Most bike racks have two screw holes.  If you’re using a horizontal rack, make sure the distance between the floor and the bike rack is greater than the height of the bike. If you’re using a vertical rack, make sure the distance between the floor and the bike rack is greater than the length of the bike. Make sure the holes you drill are deep enough that the whole length of the screws will fit in them. Use a drill bit that is slightly smaller than the screws that came with the bike rack.  For example, if the bike rack came with 6mm screws, use a 5mm drill bit. The wall plugs will give the screws you’re going to use to mount the bike rack something to grip onto. Use wall plugs that are the same size as the screws that came with the bike rack. You can find wall plugs at your local hardware store. Use a screwdriver to screw the screws that came with the bike rack into the wall plugs. Continue turning the screwdriver until the screws won't turn anymore. If you’re using a vertical bike rack, hang the bike by the front tire. If you’re using a horizontal bike rack, place the top tube of your bike frame on the rack.


Get a washing rhythm down. Learn how to use the water sprayer efficiently. Use the appropriate sponges. Get to know your food enemies. Expect some unplanned demands. Scrub all nooks and crannies. Double check the dishes. Get the clean, sanitized dishes put away.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

If you cannot create or stay with a rhythm, you will get stressed out. Dishwashers must handle just about any dish from the different sections of the restaurant: Servers and bussers may give you the typical plates, glasses, and utensils; the cooks might give you pans and pots; and the prep cooks may give you prep pans, cutting boards, whisks, and bowls. The sprayer will stop a lot of food from entering the machine, since you are pre-rinsing them. Avoid spending too much time on one rack, though. Establish the rhythm of going back and forth.—You should spend only a few seconds on a rack before pushing it. You could possibly get away using an abrasive wire sponge on a charred and greasy pan, but use a non-abrasive scrub on ceramic dishes.  If you have an automatic dishwasher, push the item through the machine and allow the hot water loosen the food from the dish. If you are required to wash by hand, add hot, soapy water to the dish and set it aside for a few minutes to allow it to soak. Never think the machine is going to do all the work for you. As you do your job, make a mental list of foods that needs to be scrubbed off in their entirety before putting sending the dish through the machine. Some foods include:  Melted cheese  Clam chowder and other chunky soups Egg yolk Sauces Mashed potatoes Cooks likely have a limited amount of saute pans to work with, so, if they need you to clean them, that should be your first priority.—The other dishes will have to be queued behind the high-priority dish of the moment.  Maintain focus on other important things used in the restaurant, such as bread holders for servers and key utensils used by the prep cooks. Always keep an eye on the silverware: Knives are given out with meat dishes, bread, and baked potatoes; spoons are given out with coffee, ice cream, and other desserts. It's frustrating beyond belief to do so, but put yourself in a diner's view. - You would like the best and most enjoyable meal when you dine out, but what if you found your meal came on a plate with a...


Get a watch with a calendar window to tell the date. Choose a watch with a stopwatch function to have timing capability. Go for a water-resistant watch for extra security. Find a watch with an extra time zone if you travel frequently. Get a watch with altitude measurements if you fly often.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Choosing a watch with a calendar function allows you to tell the date and time at the same time! When buying online, you should be able to tell that a watch has a calendar window just by looking at the picture. The retailer should also list it under the watch’s general description. Some watch calendars tell only the day and month, while others include the day of the week. Many people with watches like to be able to use them as timers as well, especially for sports. A watch with a stopwatch function will typically have an extra button or two on the side, and the capability should also be listed on the website under the watch’s description. Most high-quality watches are water-resistant to some extent, but it’s good to make sure by checking the watch’s description on the product page. You can choose a watch that’s just water-resistant, or one that’s completely waterproof, like most diving watches. Some watches include an extra hour hand or additional writing and labels around the face to indicate the time in other parts of the world. This can be helpful if you travel often, or if you’re just interested in knowing the time in other areas around the globe. When buying online, you should be able to tell if a watch has this capability. Look for time zones written around the edge of the clock or an extra, smaller clock face within the main one. Altitude measurements, first added to watches to aid pilots, might not be very relevant for the modern watch-wearer, unless you fly frequently. However, it can make your watch look more appealing and the measurement itself might be interesting to know.


Get a water-based tire dressing that contains a UV protectant. Apply the tire dressing to your dry tires with a sponge. Wipe down the rims of your tire with a microfiber cloth. Let the tire dressing dry for 5-10 minutes. Apply more tire dressing every 2 weeks.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Water-based dressings with UV protectors help prevent sun damage, which can make your tires look less black. Read the label on a tire dressing to find out what kind it is.  If you want your tires to be shiny, look for a dressing labeled “shiny finish” or “slick finish.” You can find a tire dressing online or at your local auto store. Put a drop or two of the tire dressing on the sponge and rub the sponge over the surface of your tires. Continue to apply more dressing to the sponge until you’ve covered the entirety of each of your tires. Read the label on your tire dressing for specific application instructions. The cloth will pick up any of the tire dressing that may have gotten on them. Make sure you wipe the rims down thoroughly so leftover tire dressing doesn’t damage them. Driving immediately after you apply a tire dressing could prevent the dressing from sticking to your tires. After 5-10 minutes, when the dressing is completely dry, your tires are ready to go! Check the label on your tire dressing for specific drying instructions. Routinely applying tire dressing will keep your tires looking clean and black. If you need help remembering, choose 2 days of the month, 2 weeks apart, to dress your tires and stick to those days. Make sure you thoroughly clean your tires before you apply more dressing.


Get a waterproof cast. Keep clean. Readjust your sleeping habits. Try new ways of eating. Wear clothes you can slip on easily.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Yes, they really have that kind of thing now. You can shower normally, wash your hands, and even swim. This gives you more freedom, so you won't be stuck in the house all summer with your broken arm. Though it may seem like an impossibility with a cast, you can invest in a few items to help you stay hygienic. This way you're not trapped taking bird baths or getting family and friends involved. Instead, try finding a few items like:  An electric toothbrush, or “end tuft” brush to make brushing your teeth simpler. You can also get an access flosser, which will allow you to floss one handed.  Spray deodorant. If you aren’t able to use your arm fully, this will save you the pain of trying to put on a stick. Just make sure you apply it while shirtless, as you might accidentally spray it all over your clothes. Dry hair shampoo. This is a great item if you aren't able to lift your arm fully or get your cast wet. You simply spray it on the roots of your hair and massage it in. It's a quick way to get your hair looking freshly washed, and it won't stain your clothing.  If you have the ability, you can even go to a salon for regular hair washing. Some salons may give you a discount if you are only going to have your hair washed. One of the most annoying problems with a cast can be situating yourself in bed. For example, it's hard to turn over when you can only use one arm. It can also be painful to keep your broken arm in one position all night. Try instead to prop your arm up with pillows. You can even build yourself a pillow fortress to make sure you don't roll over onto your arm during the night. If you don't have someone with you to help you cut food, you may have a slight struggle on your hands. However, if you are alone, you can problem solve by eating foods that only require a spoon or fork - or foods soft enough to be cut with either.  You can also use food delivery services like Blue Apron or Fresh Direct which will not only save you from having to carry groceries but also do the food prep for you. A lot of...


Get a website Hire professional designers. Discover your inner publicist. Spend time developing an excellent social media presence. Implement your marketing and distribution plans.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

. If you're selling online, get your ecommerce in gear and either build a website, or have one built for you. It's your storefront, so anything and everything you can do to make people want to visit, and want to stay, do it.  Alternatively, if your business is more oriented toward the "in person" experience, traditional marketing may be just as important. For example, if you're starting a landscaping business, focus on getting the word out to neighbors before starting a website When making a website keep in mind that simplicity and clarity are key. A simple design that clearly states what you do, how you do it, and what you charge is most effective. When making your website, remember to emphasize why your business is the best solution to a clients problem. If you do decide to get a website, make sure it looks professional. Designers may cost more initially, but a well presented and trustworthy site is essential. It needs to look professional and work with ease. If you are including money transactions, invest in security encryption and check that your money transfer companies are sound and reliable. You might truly believe in your product or service, but in order for it to be successful, everyone else must believe in it too. If you're new to advertising and marketing or you dislike doing the sales pitch, now is the time to overcome such feelings and put on the publicist persona. You need to develop an excellent short pitch to convince people they need your product or service, one that reflects the value, purpose and potential of what your business is offering. Write down this pitch in many ways until you find one that you feel satisfied says it all and is something you can say readily. Then practice it like crazy! This can be done well before the business is ready, increasing anticipation. Use Facebook, Google+ and Twitter, and any other social media you participate in to build excitement and spread the word. You want to build a buzz so that people will begin following your progress. (Be sure to choose...


Get a welding mask, respirator, welding gloves, and apron. Use a fume extractor or set up a fan directly next to your welding site. Ground your welder by placing the claw over the clamp or work surface.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Galvanized steel is extremely toxic when you weld it. It is covered in a zinc coating that is highly dangerous for humans when it’s ingested. You need to take several steps to avoid the fumes. Start by getting a high-quality welding mask, a heavy-duty respirator, and a pair of welding gloves. Wear a welding apron to keep sparks from ruining or damaging your clothing.  Get a respirator that is specifically designed for welding metal. A standard dust mask or dust respirator will not work. Some welders recommend drinking a glass of milk or taking a calcium supplement before welding galvanized steel. The calcium can help counteract the zinc fumes you may accidentally ingest. If you’re setting up in a workshop or job site, set up a fume extractor 2–3 feet (0.61–0.91 m) away from the exact location where you’re welding to absorb the fumes immediately as they’re emitted. If you’re a DIY enthusiast and don’t have access to a fume extractor, set up as many fans as you can behind you at to your side to blow the zinc fumes away from you.  Weld outside if you can. If you can’t, open up as many windows as you can. If you can’t open windows, find some other way to ventilate the room. You cannot weld galvanized steel in a closed room. A fume extractor is a kind of heavy-duty vacuum that sucks up fumes as they’re emitted. You may be able to rent one from a building supplies store or contractor if you don’t have one. Some welders need to be grounded to prevent electrical currents from causing shocks. If your welder has a clamp on it, similar to the jumper cables for a car, then it needs to be grounded. Open the grips and then release them around your metal clamps to ground the object itself. You can also clamp a piece of metal directly, or the work surface that you’re using.  Ground the object itself if you’re working outside. You shouldn’t be touching the object that you’re welding to begin with, but even if you do, the odds that you get electrocuted are very low. This is just another safety precaution that you need to take...


Get a whole, fresh fish from your local market or grocery store. Make slashes into the meat (otherwise known as scoring). Season the inside cavity. Coat the fish with oil. Heat the grill to medium-high heat. Place on and wait. Flip the fish. Test for doneness.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Look for shiny scales, clear eyes and bright red gills. The fisherman among us, or those who don’t mind a little extra work, might enjoy cleaning, gutting and scaling the fish themselves. The rest of us should ask to have it done at the fish counter so when we get home, the fish is ready to go. A whole fish is much harder to overcook than a small fillet; the skin protects the delicate flesh from heat and keeps the moisture in. The bones add a little extra flavor, too. Throwing the fish over direct heat on a grill is a fast and easy cooking method that gives you moist, tender flesh, and crispy, salty skin every time. Cut deep slits spaced 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm) apart along each side of the fish. Make at least 3-5 slashes in the meat perpendicular to the backbone on each side of the fish. You are doing this to open the interior of the fish to the heat, so it will cook evenly. Make more slashes closer to the head, where the fish is thicker, than toward the tail, which cooks first. Snip off any sharp fins with kitchen shears or scissors. Sprinkle on a light coating of salt and pepper. There isn’t a whole lot of room to stuff smaller fish, but at the very least you can add few slices of lemon and sprigs of your favorite herb. Other seasoning combinations to try:  Minced garlic with rosemary Orange slices and paprika Lime slices and cumin Sliced green onion and tamari Sliced red onion and basil Minced garlic mashed with butter Olive or coconut work nicely. The grates of your grill should already be oiled down, but your fish will need it too, especially to prevent sticking. Wait until the grates are nice and hot before setting the fish down. If you don't, it'll stick. Steady, medium heat is best, otherwise the skin will burn before the fish is done. If possible, set the tail farthest away from the flames, as the skinnier, tail-end of the fish cooks faster than the rest. The crucial step is what you do after you place the fish on the hot grill: You wait. Fight the impulse to mess with the fish and move it...


Get acquainted with middle or mid-level altitude clouds. Discover altocumulus clouds. Look for altostratus clouds. Look for lenticular clouds around mountain ranges.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

These clouds usually have a height between 6,500 feet and 19,500 feet (1,981 meters and 5,943 meters). They are prefaced with the prefix "alto," and are known as either altocumulus or altostratus clouds. They tend to be less defined than lower clouds, although warmer middle clouds will display sharp edges due to water content, and colder middle clouds will show distinct edges shaped by ice crystals.  Scattered middle clouds against a blue sky indicate continued fair weather, and are often succeeded by clear skies and a high pressure system. Altostratus clouds that are becoming lower and have southerly winds in the northern hemisphere (vice versa for the southern hemisphere) can indicate an oncoming storm, but this will usually be several hours away. Altocumulus clouds are the clouds that you usually see during summer days. They come in many small clouds that are spread across the sky. Altocumulus clouds form by convection (vertical atmospheric motions) and cold fronts. Altocumulus clouds usually are followed by warm and humid summer mornings then a thunderstorm in the afternoon. You can tell the difference between altocumulus clouds and high level clouds by noting the shading. Altocumulus clouds usually have shading underneath portions of the clouds. This middle cloud isn't very exciting––it tends to be grayish and sheet-like without shape. You might spot a glow of the sun behind this cloud. It's a good idea to prepare for wet or snowy weather when this type of cloud crosses the sky. These lens-shaped clouds or "cloud caps" don't happen everywhere––they tend to only form over mountain ranges and peaks due to the way that winds travel up the slopes. You're probably okay on the ground, but if you're up on the mountain or flying overhead, expect strong winds or turbulence. If you are on a mountain and a cloud cap descends, expect bad weather and seek suitable shelter.


Get acquainted with the settings. Use a digital timer. Protect your hands and arms.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Broilers usually have two settings – on and off. Look for the “broil” button or dial on your oven. Some ovens will provide different broiling options, but these are generally very basic settings like “high” and “low.” Experiment a bit and check out what each setting does. Before cooking anything, turn on the broiler at least five minutes in advance. This will ensure that it heats up completely. Because things can burn easily when you’re broiling, you must keep a very close eye on your dishes. As a backup, use a digital timer. A mechanical one is fine, too, but because the intense heat can char foods within seconds, a digital timer will help you be precise. Most foods will be ready to remove from the oven after broiling for five to ten minutes. When working around the intense heat of a broiler, you should use a high quality mitt that is long enough to protect your wrists and forearms from the heat. Look for brands that have a silicone coating on the outside – these usually can protect your skin up to 600°F. Avoid using a damp kitchen towel or mitts that are very thin or short.


Get across-the-board involvement. Determine paper pickup. Set guidelines for acceptable paper. Secure collection boxes. Provide education. Chose a central location for paper storage. Keep enthusiasm high. Work around obstacles.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

A successful recycling program depends on the support of students, teachers, staff, administrators and custodians.  Form a committee that's made up of individuals from each of these populations to develop a program that takes into account everyone's needs and addresses everyone's concerns. Designate one person as the representative for each group so that they can explain the need for recycling to their peers and ask for their support.  They can also help communicate program developments and changes and be the "point person" for questions that arise. In some cities, paper recycling is the law and collected paper will be picked up on scheduled trash days.  In other locations, you'll need to find a drop-off point or pick-up service to take your paper.  The website Earth911 has a search feature that allows you find recycling services in your area.  You can also search online to find a local materials recovery center or recycling drop-off center and see if they'll accept your paper. If you can't find a drop-off center for your paper, you may have to explore paying for a pick-up service to haul it away.  Research costs associated with this to be sure if will ultimately benefit your school. Depending on how and where you'll dispose of your recycled paper, you may have to limit or separate what you collect.  Some collection locations will accept "single stream," meaning a variety of paper grades mixed in one collection box, or they'll want "sorted stream" drop-offs, meaning you'll need to separate papers by grades (there are five basic paper grade types.)  Certain types may not be accepted at all.  Find out what and how your collection agency takes and structure your program accordingly.   Old corrugated containers.  Also known as “corrugated cardboard,” this kind of paper is typically found in boxes and product packaging.  Mixed paper.  This broad category includes things like mail, catalogs, phone books and magazines.  Old newspapers. The name of this category says it all.  High grade de-inked paper.  Your school...


Get advice. Invest in physical commodities. Invest in commodity futures. Invest in commodity-related stocks. Invest in exchange traded funds. Invest in mutual funds or index funds.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Determine if you would like to do your own research or hire someone to help you. Following and understanding the commodities market can be (and is for many) a full-time job requiring knowledge and expertise. If you do not have the time or inclination, hire a financial advisor to help you. The simplest way to invest in commodities is to just buy the actual item itself and hope that the price increases. This introduces the additional costs of storage and shipping that come with holding a physical asset. This is generally only done with precious metals, like gold or silver, because they are smaller relative to their value. These metals are bought and sold both in coin and bullion form. One way to reduce your costs in trading physical precious metals is to use a remote gold dealing and storage. Several bullion firms offer online trading and safe storage of precious metals. If you're unsure of the legitimacy of a bullion firm, always check the World Gold Council's website first. Commodities have traditionally been traded in the futures market. Futures, which allow an investor to trade contracts to buy or sell a commodity at a set date for a set price, carry a large amount of risk. Because these securities are often highly leveraged (paid for using borrowed money to increase earning potential), a small change in the price of the commodity can result in massive losses (sometimes even more than your initial deposit) or massive gains. In many cases, commodity futures trading is best left to professional traders and large corporations. Buying stocks to related to certain commodities is a way to bet on the value of a commodity without incurring all of the risk of futures trading. For example, if you want to invest in oil, you could buy stock in companies that drill, search for, transport, or sell oil. However, be advised that these stocks, while correlated with commodity prices, may not move directly with them. For example, if the commodity price jumps 10%, this does not necessarily mean that the related stock price...


Get all of the ingredients. Look for these spices at your local grocery store. Measure out all of your ingredients.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Potato curry requires many spices, and it is important to make sure you have each one before you start cooking. Here is a list of ingredients you will need:  2 cups of quartered potatoes 1/2 cup chopped onions 1 medium size tomato 1/2 tsp red chili powder 1 green chili chopped 1/2 tsp coriander powder 1/2 tsp kasuri methi (dried methi leaves) 2 tbsp finely chopped fresh curry leaves 1/8 tsp turmeric 1 tbsp oil 1/2 tsp cumin 1 pinch of hing 1 tsp salt 1 large saucepan and medium pot Stirring spoon and knife If your local grocery store does not carry them, try searching at a designated spice store or online. As you are cooking, it is much easier to have your ingredients already measured and ready so you do not have to waste time measuring each one out as you have food cooking on the stove.


Get all permission slips and money turned in. Make sure that you know what you can and can not take on the trip. Check your school's website for information on the trip or read the permission slip. Pack your bag(s). Fully charge all electronics that are coming with you and pack batteries and headphones. Eat a light meal right before the trip, then use the bathroom and take a shower. Try to get a lot of sleep the night before or take naps before the trip. Arrive at your school (or wherever you're boarding your bus) at least 20 minutes early.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You don't want to miss the trip! If your school is having meetings that will provide more information about the trip, attend them. If it's after or before school, see if you can have your parent(s) attend the meetings with you. Sometimes, schools have lists to say whether you can or cannot bring something. They will usually give you a list of what to bring or what you cannot bring. Check the weather for your destination(s) for the day(s) which you will be there. Try using www.weatherbug.com, www.accuweather.com, or any other weather website applicable to your location. Include chargers, cell phones, iPods, money, stationery, books, etc. Try packing a small pillow or pillow pet and a small blanket (fleece maybe?). Sometimes your school gives you a list of necessary items so remember to pack those.  Remember not to pack things that can't be replaced or hold personal value to anyone in case you lose, forget, or have it stolen. If you do, put a lock on your bag so no one can steal your stuff. If you're going to go swimming, remember to bring goggles, a towel, and your bathing suit. Other things you could bring are fuzzy socks, a portable DVD player, drawing material, cards, and anything else you think you may need! Keep in mind that your school might not allow electronics so check with your school's policy and ask your supervisors first. Don't forget the snacks and drinks! Put on fresh, clean clothes. And if you're a girl, do your hair and makeup. Leave for school/wherever you are meeting. Don't forget anything! Wear clean underwear. No one wants to be in an accident in unclean underwear. You want to start fresh on your trip and have loads of energy. This way you can get a good seat with your friends and beat the crowd while getting on the bus. Plus once you get there you won't have to rush or be scared that you'll miss the bus!


Get all the appropriate blood tests. Make sure to have all the essential imaging tests done. Consider a biopsy for confirmation.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

Your doctor or an oncologist (cancer specialist) will likely order a series of blood tests once you present with any or all of the above-mentioned symptoms. Several types of blood tests are useful to help diagnose pancreatic cancer and rule out other causes of abdominal symptoms, such as: complete blood count, liver function tests, serum bilirubin, kidney function test and looking for various tumor markers.  Tumor markers are substances that can sometimes be found in the bloodstream of a cancer patient. Two that are related to pancreatic cancer are called CA 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). These tumor markers are not elevated in all people with pancreatic cancer and some who don’t have any cancer might have higher levels for some other reason, so they are not really accurate indicators but are relatively cheap and non-invasive so are helpful in determining whether or not to test further. Looking at hormone levels is useful as some (such as chromogranin A, C-peptide and serotonin) are often elevated in people with pancreatic cancer. Once in the hands of an oncologist who strongly suspects pancreatic cancer (based on telltale symptoms and blood tests), a number of imaging tests will be performed. Common diagnostic tests include: a CT scan and/or an MRI of the abdomen, endoscopic ultrasound of the pancreas and endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP). Once a test strongly suggests cancer, more detailed tests are done to see if the cancer has spread — this methodology is called staging.  An endoscopic ultrasound uses a device to take images of your pancreas gland from inside your abdomen. The endoscope is sent down through your esophagus and into your stomach to take the images.  An ERCP uses an endoscope to inject dye into your pancreas, then an abdominal x-ray is taken to highlight the bile ducts and other parts of the gland.. Once a number of tests have seemingly confirmed a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, a final procedure to be completely sure and to determine which cells are most...


Get all your ingredients ready. Choose your noodles. Get the right kind of dish.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

This means any cold ingredients, like cheese, hot ingredients, like meat or grilled vegetables, and your sauces. Make sure you have a clear and clean workspace and everything is within easy reach.  Keep things organized by separating your ingredients into individual bowls on your counter space. If you are making a meat lasagna, try minced beef, chicken, or pork mixed with a little bit of bacon and seasoned with herbs. Make sure your meat is fully cooked before layering it into your lasagna. For vegetarian lasagna, try mushrooms, sliced zucchini, and fresh spinach. You can use no-boil or regular lasagna noodles. You must precook standard, dry lasagna noodles to soften them before you layer them into your lasagna, while no-boil noodles cook during the baking process. Choose your noodles based on preference and how much time you have. If you don't have a lot of experience making lasagna, you can make a lasagna a lot more quickly with no-boil noodles. For the layering effect of your lasagna to work, you'll need a deep, wide dish. You can use either a glass or metal dish. Pick the dish that is deepest and wide enough for the size of the lasagna you need to make.  A deep dish will require longer to cook than a shallow one. Glass is a poor conductor of heat, but it also distributes heat more evenly. Using a glass dish will help your lasagna cook more evenly and stay warm if you need to wait for someone to get home before serving dinner. Metals, especially aluminum, are generally better at conducting heat. They heat up quickly, but also can lose the heat quickly once removed from the oven. Using a metal dish may crisp the edges and bottom of your lasagna more than a glass dish would. Also, because metal dishes lose heat quickly, you won't want to wait too long before serving.


Get all your parts ready for assembly. Measure and mark your PVC pieces, if necessary. Cut the pipes along the mark using a hacksaw. Clean the PVC pipes with a rag.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

All the parts necessary for this project can be bought at your local hardware store if you don’t already have them at home. Some hardware stores may even cut the PVC pipe you’ll need for this project to length as a free service or for a minor fee.  You'll need a 4-in (10.1-cm) wide PVC pipe that's 2 feet (61 cm) long and a 2-in (5-cm) wide PVC pipe that is 5 feet (1.5 m) long. Only use Schedule 40 PVC pipe. "Schedule" refers to the thickness of the pipe's walls. Pipe thinner than Sch 40 will be unsafe and could burst under high pressure. If your PVC pipes weren’t cut for you, you’ll need to do it yourself. Use a felt tipped marker to mark the PVC at the following lengths so they’re ready to be cut:  4-in (10.1-cm) wide PVC marked at 2 feet (61 cm) 2-in (5-cm) wide PVC marked at 5 feet (1.5 m) It may help to clamp the pipes down to a work bench or have someone hold the pipe on a flat surface as you saw. The cuts don’t need to be perfect. Once you’re finished, remove plastic burrs by rubbing the cut edges with a medium grit sandpaper. Grit or plastic shavings from cutting the PVC can negatively impact the seal of parts when fitted together. Take a clean rag and wipe all parts of the PVC clean. If there are a lot of shavings, use a vacuum cleaner.


Get an AT&T iPhone 4. Get a prepaid AT&T GoPhone. Call AT&T. Connect to iTunes. Activate data and the Internet. Re-enable Wi-Fi if you wish.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You can find them on eBay for around $250 USD. Make sure it's not attached to any contract, and has a SIM card. They're available at the AT&T store, eBay, Target, Best Buy, and many other retail electronics stores. The phone itself is not important—only the SIM card—so get the cheapest phone you can find. Their toll-free US number is 1-800-331-0500. At the prompt, say “Customer Service” to speak with a service representative.  Tell them you need assistance transferring your old GoPhone plan to a new SIM card. Provide the GoPhone SIM card ICCID number (found on the SIM card) and the new MicroSIM ICCID (from the iPhone 4 "About" screen or from iTunes). Provide your iPhone's IMEI number, printed on the Micro SIM's caddy or from the iPhone "About" screen. AT&T will recognize from the IMEI and ICCID that you are using an iPhone 4, and will notify you that they can do the transfer, but can't enable internet usage. Agree to this, and get the GoPhone account transferred to your new MicroSIM. Start iTunes, attach your iPhone, and follow the prompts to activate the phone Once activated you will be able to make phone calls on a pay-as-you-go basis. SIM cards generally have wireless services disconnected, but try this:  Find a Wi-Fi hotspot, and launch Safari on your Go-iPhone. Navigate to unlockit.co.nz, and tap Continue, then tap Custom APN. From the list of carriers, choose "US-AT&T" or your local carrier, whichever is appropriate. Tap Create Profile to create and download the APN file. At the prompt, choose "Install," and then "Replace." When you see the "Profile Installed" screen, restart your iPhone. When it's restarted, go to Settings, and disable Wi-Fi. Check the on the upper left of the iPhone screen, and it should say Edge or 3G.


Get an Ethernet cable. Connect the Ethernet cable to your LAN port. Connect the Ethernet cable to your Internet source. Turn your console on.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You will need to have an Ethernet cable to connect your Xbox One to your Internet source. Consider the length of your cable and the distance of your console from your Internet source: you don't want to get one that is too short! Your Xbox may come with a cable included, but otherwise you will need to purchase one. Currently, Xbox Ones do not ship with a cable. At the back of the Xbox One, at the lower right corner beside the infrared output, you will find your console’s LAN port. This is where you’re going to connect your Ethernet cable. The other end of the Ethernet cable goes directly to your internet source. Remember, your Internet source could be your router or your modem itself. It may also be an Ethernet wall jack. After setting up your wired connection, you can now turn on your Xbox One. The initial boot should already give you access to the Internet. You can turn on your console by pressing the Home button on your Xbox One controller. Xbox One added a voice recognition feature that wakes your console by just saying “Xbox On”. The Xbox One Kinect can also identify you through biometric scanning by which it automatically logs in a user via face recognition.


Get an HIV test if you have a mild rash. Seek immediate medical care if the rash is severe. Consult a doctor if the symptoms worsen, especially after you take your medication. Do not take any medication that caused an allergic reaction. Ask your doctor about bacterial infections that might cause a rash.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

If you have not already been tested for HIV, your doctor should perform a blood test to check if you have the virus. If you are negative, your doctor will then determine if your rash is from an allergic reaction to food or other factors. You may also have a skin issue like eczema.  If you are HIV positive, your doctor will likely prescribe anti-HIV medication and treatment.  If you are already on anti-HIV medication and the rash is mild, your doctor will tell you to continue taking the medication as the rash should go away after one to two weeks. To reduce the rash, especially the itching, your doctor may prescribe an antihistamine, such as Benadryl or Atarax, or a corticosteroid-based cream. Your severe rash may also appear along with other symptoms of the virus, such as fever, nausea or vomiting, muscle pain, and mouth sores. If you haven’t already been tested for the HIV, your doctor should perform a blood test to check if you have HIV. Based on the results of your blood test, your doctor will then prescribe anti-HIV medication and treatment. You may develop hypersensitivity to certain medications and your HIV symptoms, including your HIV rash, may get worse. Your doctor should advise you to stop taking the medication and provide alternative medications you can take. The hypersensitivity symptoms usually disappear in 24-48 hours. There are three main classes of anti-HIV drugs that can cause skin rashes:  NNRTIs NRTIs PIs NNRTIs, such as nevirapine (Viramune) are the most common cause of medication skin rashes. Abacavir (Ziagen) is an NRTI drug that can cause skin rashes. PIs like amprenavir (Agenerase) and tipranavir (Aptivus) can also cause rashes. If your doctor advises you to stop a certain medicine due to hypersensitivity or an allergic reaction, do not take it again. By taking it again, you run the risk of causing an even more severe reaction that could progress and make your condition much worse. People with HIV have an increased incidence of bacterial infection due to abnormalities in immune cell...


Get an abacus at your local toy store or online. Push all the beads to the same side. Move one of the beads on the top row. Have your child match your beads. Repeat this with a different amount of beads. Add beads from one side to the other side of the abacus. Count the beads you have moved aloud with your child. Subtract beads from one side to the other side. Count the remaining beads with your child. Continue practicing addition and subtraction with the abacus.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

An abacus is a counting tool consisting ten rods on a wooden frame and 100 colored beads. The beads are divided into rows of ten of the same color.  Look for an abacus that has brightly colored beads, as this is usually more visually stimulating for children. The beads should consist of five rows of different colors, followed by five rows of the same colors in a different pattern. Get an abacus with larger beads, as they are easier for kids to move. Place the abacus on a table in front of your child. Then, move all the beads on the abacus to the same side on every row. This will make it easier for your child to watch you as you move and count the beads aloud. Show your child the abacus so they can see you moved one bead. Ask your child to then move one of the beads on the bottom row of the abacus. Say “1” together as they move the bead so they understand that this is one bead. Move two beads on the top row and ask your child to match your move, moving two beads on the bottom row. Continue doing this until you reach “10.” Make sure your child says the numbers aloud as they move their beads. At “10,” all the beads on your row and all the beads on your child’s row should be moved to the other side of the abacus. Push all the beads on a row to one side of the abacus. Then, move one bead to the other side of the abacus and add one bead. Point to the beads you have moved and say “1, 2” together with your child.  You can then push another bead to the other side and count the beads again. Point to both beads and say “1, 2, 3” with your child. Continue doing this, adding one bead at a time to the other side of the abacus. Work with your child to get to “10.” Make sure all the beads are on one side of the abacus. Then, push one bead to the other side. Ask your child to count the remaining beads on the side of the abacus. Say “1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9” together. Point to the beads as you count them. You can then continue to subtract beads from one side and count the remaining beads together. Do this until you reach one...


Get an ace bandage without your parents knowing. Get a pair of flats or flip-flops to wear on the day that you want to be "hurt". Wrap the bandage around your ankle a few times, then wrap it around the base of your foot. Make up a good story for how the 'injury' happened.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

You don't have to spend up to $10 for a stupid bandage at Walmart, just buy a good, sturdy $2 one at the Pharmacy. It would look strange and suspicious if you wore neon sneakers with a big ace bandage around your leg. (the part between the toes and your heel). Alternate until the bandage is too short to go any further. Tuck it in the top, pin it in place to hold it. Make sure it's realistic, for example "I was riding my bike and fell off from hitting a big rock" is much more believable than "I was hit by a plane".


Get an advanced degree. Publish your ideas. Learn to teach. Get a job.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

To successfully pursue philosophy as a career, you must acquire a doctorate or, at very least, a master's degree.  Earning a living from philosophy means using your knowledge and (hopefully) wisdom to produce original works of philosophical thought and, usually, to teach others about the field. In other words, the professional philosopher of today is typically an academic, and this requires an advanced degree. Equally important, the rigors of graduate school will help you further your philosophical thinking. In particular, you'll need to learn how to write in the very disciplined style that academic journals demand. Spend some time exploring the philosophy programs offered by a variety of different universities. Pick the ones that sound best to you and start applying for programs. Graduate school applications are highly competitive, so don't expect to be accepted to the first program you apply to. It's a good idea to apply to several schools, ideally 10 to 12. Even before you have completed your graduate studies, you should begin the work of trying to publish your philosophical insights.  There are many academic journals that focus on philosophy. Publishing in these journals will help you gain a reputation as a philosophical thinker and improve your chances of getting hired as a philosophy professor. It's also a good idea to present your work at academic conferences. Taking part in these events is a good opportunity to get more feedback from other professional thinkers and is good for your career prospects as well. Many of history's greatest philosophers have been teachers. Beyond this, any university that might want to hire you to study philosophy professionally will also expect you to teach other budding philosophers. Your graduate program will most likely give you some opportunities to teach undergraduate students and develop your pedagogical skills. After you've completed your graduate studies, start looking for a job as a philosophy professor. This process is arguably even more competitive than applying...


Get an agent if you’re new to the industry. Team up with an established reality show producer. Pitch directly to the networks. Keep shopping around your idea until you get a buyer.

Given the above summary, write a detailed text in English for it.

An agent can help you connect with potential buyers and make it easier to get your pitch package in front of the right people. Look for agents in your area that specialize in reality television and see if you can get someone to represent you. Look for a producer who’s already produced reality shows similar to the one you’re pitching. If you’re new to the industry and you don’t know any producers, pay to attend a conference like the National Association of Television Program Executives that takes place annually in Miami, Florida, or the annual RealScreen Summit in Washington, DC.  Attending a conference with high-level TV executives can cost over $1,000 (€843), so you'll want to make sure you're prepared if you decide to take this route. Make sure your pitch package is all put together and consider having multiple ideas to pitch.  At the conference, attend sessions hosted by network executives you're interested in networking with, and introduce yourself after the session. Have cards with your contact information on them that you can hand out to prospective buyers. If you have an agent, have them arrange a meeting between you and some network executives. Choose a network you could see your show airing on; if your show is about CEOs renovating their own penthouses, look for a network that airs home-improvement-style shows. Come to the meeting prepared with your pitch package (short tape, write up, headshots) and convince the network execs that your show would be a hit. If your show centers around the bold personality of a particular character, consider bringing them along to the meeting to help woo the network. If one network isn’t interested in your idea, that doesn’t mean other networks won’t be. Keep attending meetings and pitching your show. Take the feedback you get from network executives and TV producers and use it to make your pitch package better. If you’re not having any luck, consider changing the premise or structure of your show so it’s more marketable.