Learn to cook with low-fat dairy options. Become more versatile with yogurt. Focus on flavor instead of quantity when cooking with cheese.

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In many recipes, heavy cream or whole milk can be replaced with low-fat or skim milk. Be careful when baking to stick to reduced fat dairy rather than fat-free dairy. Yogurt is delicious eaten out of the container, but plain yogurt can also be served in soups or used as a marinade for meats. Salmon served with a lemon and dill yogurt sauce, for example, makes a nutrient-packed and elegant meal. Look to food from Middle Eastern and Indian cultures to inspire you to find more ways to use yogurt in your cooking. If you purchase a high-quality, flavorful cheese, then you can use less cheese and still add flavor to your cooking. Grate pecorino on top off a pizza and cut down on the mozzarella, or sprinkle a little bit of Gorgonzola on a salad instead of heaps of mild cheddar.


Learn to embrace being alone. Try to be happy and optimistic. Reflect on life and greater meanings of the world. Avoid over-analyzing things. Do everything you would normally do with a partner or friend. Exercise 3 times a week. Spend time outside and in nature. Get involved by volunteering.

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Solitude is a time for reflection, for thinking about things more deeply. In a world increasingly focused on speed and competitiveness, solitude is precious and something to be treasured. Being comfortable alone is a sign of healthy self-esteem. Happiness comes from within, regardless of your situation. Don't use being alone as an excuse for not enjoying your life! Choose to see the good things in life and work on having an optimistic outloook. Some of the time you spend alone can be focused on reflection. Make time to be introspective and think about your life. Consider your past, present, and future goals. Above all, contemplation is one of the most important self-building things you can do. Think about what makes you you. What do you believe in? Why? Are there any things that don't seem right to you? What do you believe at face value (or accept as a matter of faith)? It is easy to read into experiences, feelings, thoughts, and attitudes of others and make judgements that are really founded on nothing more than your own naive perception. This can quickly become a negative activity and get you down. Realize that you may not have all the facts and that's just fine. Many times it isn't the partner or friend you are missing, but the activities and hobbies you shared. Don't hold yourself back! Go out and do the things you enjoy. For example, if you would have gone out to dinner or to a movie on a date, then take yourself out to a movie or to a nice restaurant. Exercise not only gives you something to do, it also helps you stay healthy and feel good about yourself. Set aside 30 minutes 3 times a week to exercise. You can go to a gym if you want to be around people, or workout at home.  Rediscover the fun to be had in simple exercises. Riding a bike around your neighborhood becomes less work and more fun as you do it. Be consistent. Exercise takes willpower and diligence. Make a schedule and stick to it. Keep it easy at first and you will discover your limits. Or, join a gym and create new friends there. It's a...


Learn to enjoy your alone time. Do what you love. Challenge yourself. Motivate yourself with powerful goals. Keep learning.

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If you loathe spending time alone, you’ll have a harder time being happy without friends. Make a commitment to start loving your alone time by spending it doing exciting activities.  For instance, if you tend to think spending time alone is boring, come up with a list of  fun activities you can do alone. Your list might include going to a concert, binge-watching a TV show, creating a DIY home project, starting a scrapbook, planting a garden, reading a book you have always wanted to read, and exploring new parts of your city or town. Each time you’re alone, use that time to cross something off your list. Over time, you’ll start to enjoy time spent alone. The secret to a happy, fulfilling life is spending your days doing what you love. So, use your days to pursue your passions and interests. Think about ways you can add these activities to your daily life. For example, if you enjoy playing the piano, you might join a band or volunteer to play at your church. If you like writing, you might attempt to complete your first short story or novel. Some people have a tendency to shy away from difficult things, but challenges actually help us to grow and enjoy life. Take a look at your life and find small ways to kick things up a notch. For example, if you have been doing the same workout routine for a year, switch things up by signing up for a new class or trying a new workout regimen. Having something to look forward to is necessary to lead a satisfying life. Goals help give you a sense of direction in life and motivate you to keep pushing forward. Plus, once you cross the finish line, you’ll feel more accomplished and self-assured.  Think of something you have put off in the past. Set a small, actionable goal relating to it and start working towards it today. For example, maybe you want to save money to travel the world. You’ll need to figure out how much money the trip requires and then devise a plan to save it within a given time-frame. Use some of your spare time to figure out the least expensive way to do this....


Learn to float. Relax your body. Improve your buoyancy. Float face down.

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Floating is a life-saving technique that will help you catch your breath. When you’re swimming in deep water, you won’t always have the opportunity to stand up or grab on to something to take a break. Furthermore, the dog paddle is a great swimming technique for beginners but it can tire a swimmer out easily. Learn to float to reduce the risk of drowning. Practice floating in the shallow end of the pool. If you have trouble staying above the water you can stand up to catch your breath. It’s hard to float when your muscles are tensed up. Turn on your back in the water and stretch your arms and legs out, flattening your body. Relax your neck and let your head dip into the water. However, make sure that your face doesn’t become submerged.  If you’re worried about getting water in your ear, wear a swimmer cap while swimming. If you’re having trouble relaxing try closing your eyes while you float. First, breathe deeply. Filling your lungs with air will help you float above the water. If your legs are sinking too much, stretch your arms out behind your head, keeping them in the water. If you’re still having trouble keeping your legs afloat, kick your legs slightly.  If you’re having trouble breathing when you exhale, kick your legs slightly. This will help you stay afloat until you draw your next breath. Try to avoid using your hands to paddle. Instead, spread your hands and let your arms float. Most people prefer to float on their backs so that they can breathe while they float. However, if you’d like to float face down, the technique is very similar. Take a deep breath and hold it. Submerge your face in the water and stretch your arms and legs out like a starfish. When you need to breathe again, either stop floating or gently turn onto your back to take a breath.  Push your chest into the water to help keep your legs afloat. Kick your feet gently if you’re having trouble floating.


Learn to get in and out of bed properly. Sleep in the fetal position. Place a plush, supportive pillow underneath your knees, if you sleep on your back. Avoid sleeping on your stomach if you have low back pain.

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You can hurt your lower back by moving improperly into bed. Use the "log roll" whenever you want to lie down.  Sit on your side of the bed, approximately where you want your buttocks to lie while you sleep. Lower your torso down onto your left or right side as you bring your legs up. You should stay in a straight plank during this motion. To sleep on your back, roll in a plank motion from your side to your back. To go to your other side, bend the leg that is opposite from the side you want to roll onto. Press that foot down to push yourself onto your side. Learn to always move in a plank motion to avoid wrenching your back. Sleeping on your side with your knees drawn up can help relieve lower back pain by allowing the joints in the spine to open up.Place a king-sized pillow or body pillow between your legs when you are on your side.  Bend both knees and bring them up to a comfortable position. Avoid curving your spine. Place the pillow so that it fits between your ankles and between your knees at the same time. Using a pillow will help keep your hips, pelvis, and spine aligned and reduce tension. Use a thicker pillow if you’re a side sleeper. Alternate sides. If you’re a side sleeper, alternate which side you sleep on. Sleeping on the same side all the time can cause muscle imbalance or pain. Pregnant women should sleep on their side, not on their backs. Laying on your back can restrict blood flow to the fetus, which can affect the amount of oxygen and nutrients that reach the fetus. This action flattens your back, removing a large arch from your lower back region. It can relieve pain in just a few minutes.  If you are a back and side sleeper, you can use a supportive pillow and pull it under your knees or between your legs as you switch positions. You can also place a small, rolled-up towel under the small of your back for extra support. Sleeping on your stomach can place a burden on your lower back and it can create an unpleasant twist in your spine. If you find that this is the only way you can sleep, put...


Learn to groom horses properly. Brush horses properly. Check all your gear thoroughly. Catch and halter your horse. Saddle your horse. Bridle your horse.

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This is important both in "bonding" with a horse, if you are fortunate enough to ride the same one regularly, and also gives you a chance to look the horse over for problems or injuries before and after a ride. Feed and water the horse if you have opportunity, once again cementing a bond with the animal, earning its trust, and learning to trust it, as well.  Many people are surprised, when they find themselves "up close, and personal," with a horse; with how large and powerful they truly are. Use the curry comb, dandy (hard) brush, and body (soft) brush, in that order. The curry comb should be used on the neck, body, and about halfway down the horse's legs, and likewise for the hard brush. The body brush is the only brush that should be used all the way down to the horse's hooves.  Do not brush the horse's face; use a towel or a grooming glove on this area. Pick up the horse's hooves and use a hoof pick to clean out dirt and mud if they appear to be dirty. Pick them up from the side, never stand directly behind or in front of a horse's legs, for safety reasons. Bring your tack out of the tack room, check it over to make sure it is clean and in good shape, with no holes or tears in the leather. Set it down, preferably on a rail, saddle rack, or stand. Ensure that it is out of the way of other riders. Catch or call your horse, and put on the halter. This is the leather or nylon harness that goes over the horse's head, and you will want to strap it tightly enough so it doesn't slip, but not tight enough to be uncomfortable for the horse. Ensure that it is completely on the horse's head; many an escaped horse could have been avoided had they simply ensured that the halter was on completely.  Lead the horse into the barn and attach the cross ties to the metal ring on the halter near the horses mouth. If there are two rings, the cross ties should be clipped to the metal loops on the sides, closest to the horse's mouth. Standing on the horse's left side, slide the saddle blanket over the horse's back, with the front...


Learn to handle your snail correctly. Remove any eggs from the soil. Clean the tank once a month. Give your snail a bath.

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If the snail is on the side of the tank, spray your hand and the snail with water. Slip your finger under the snail's head, between the snail and the glass of the tank. Use your other hand hand to support the snail's body and gently pull as you slip your finger all the way under the snail's body. Place the snail in your palm.  Make sure your hands are wet whenever handling your snail.  If you can't get your finger under the snail's head, offer it a bit of food just out of its reach. It will stretch its head up and you can slide your finger underneath.  Wash your hands before and after handling a snail to prevent exchanging any diseases.  Don't force your snail to move. If it isn't easily detaching from the side of the tank, try to pick it up at a later time.  If you have a very small snail, try to get it to climb onto a piece of food or a leaf and transfer it into your hand. Trying to pick up a tiny snail with your hands might actually harm the snail.  Be careful not to grab the snail by the shell. If you accidentally pull off the shell, your snail will die. Unless you want dozens, maybe even hundreds of baby snails, you must remove any eggs before they hatch. The eggs are round and white or translucent. You may find single eggs or clusters of hundreds of eggs. It takes about two weeks for eggs to hatch, so check the substrate for eggs every week.  Destroy the eggs by bagging them and placing them in the freezer. Make sure they are completely frozen before throwing them out. Do not put unwanted eggs outside, especially if you have a non-native species of snail. If you are worried about eggs, don't use too much substrate on the bottom of the habitat. This will make it easier to find and manage the eggs. Put your snail in a temporary habitat and remove everything from the tank. Wash the tank with boiling water and a little gentle detergent. Rinse the tank thoroughly — any residue from the detergent could be deadly to your snail.  Wipe down the sides of the tank with water once a week to keep it from getting too...


Learn to identify oak leaves. Look closely. Look for green leaves in summer, red leaves in fall, and brown leaves in winter. Use the fall foliage to tell between red and white oaks.

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Look for a "lobe and sinus" pattern on the oak leaves--the blades of the leaf and the indentations in between.  The lobes of the leaf are the rounded and pointed protrusions that give the leaf its shape. Think of these lobes like "leaf fingers", or extensions of the stem. Different species of oak may have either pointed or rounded lobes. Red oaks tend to have pointed lobes, and white oaks tend to have rounded lobes. Between each lobe is a sinus, which is an indentation in the leaf that accentuates the lobes. Sinuses may be variably deep, shallow, wide, or narrow. Oak leaf shapes can vary across a single tree. You may need to inspect a number of leaves to make an accurate classification.  If you can't tell the species from the leaves alone, consider other characteristics, such as the acorn, the bark, and the location--both in terms of terrain and geographic location. Oak leaves grow in a spiral pattern along the branch, meaning that a fan of leaves will rarely appear "flat" or parallel in the way that, say, palm fronds grow. Oak branches tend to divert from a straight line, and they do not have opposing growth on the branches: imagine that you're looking at a fork with multiple branches originating in the same place. Most oak tree leaves sport a deep green hue during the summer months, but transform into red and brown colors for the fall.  The oak tree is one of the most colorful fall trees, which is another reason they are popular in many types of landscaping today. Some oak leaves also emerge in a red or pink shade in early spring, but quickly change to their standard green color by summer. Oaks tend to lose their leaves late in the season, and younger trees or branches will hold their dead brown leaves all the way into spring. They will begin to fall when new leaves start to grow in the spring. A telltale sign of an oak in the winter is a tree with dead brown leaves. Oak leaves have a longer decay rate and will stay around longer than most other leaves. You can usually find them near the base of an oak...


Learn to identify the Tender forms.

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The tender forms of Zantedeschia are mainly cultivars of Z. elliottiana and Z. rehmannii (also called Elliottiana hybrids and Rehmannii hybrids), but may also include Z. albomaculata and Z. jucunda. These are often referred to as calla lilies. These can be recognized by different flower colors other than white and spotted leaves. These species and their cultivars are not so adaptable to soggy soil and can't stand frost. They are best grown in well-drained situations like in a flower bed with perennials and annuals or in a container. Treat as annuals or dig/move the bulbs indoors at fall before the cold weather sets in.Thanks to plant breeding, there are also hybrids of these two groups which can be hard to tell. Check with a website or plant expert for specifics.


Learn to interpret your dog's posture. Identify playful and affectionate behavior. Interpret discomfort or unease. Recognize warning signs of aggression.

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The ways in which a dog holds its body can tell you a great deal about its mood and emotions. Many of the signals will be subtle and it can take some time to learn all of its expressions but it is well worth the effort. Dogs communicate easy confidence and a desire to play through posture and body signals.  Confident stance: A dog that is feeling confident will stand tall, have its tail up and probably wagging slowly, its ears will either be pricked up or relaxed, and it will generally look relaxed. Its eyes will have smaller pupils as they are also relaxed. Bowing: Facing you and with head and chest dipped low to the ground, front legs splayed out, and with rear end and tail up is a clear invitation to play. This is known as the "play bow". It can be mistaken by owners as an attack stance but it clearly denotes playtime. Hip swings: Hip swings or nudges are another sign of play.This involves the dog swinging around another dog and knocking them to the ground using the backside (the end of the dog without teeth!).  When the dog's rear is presented to you, it is an indication of trust and depending on your dog, it might mean your dog wants a scratch. Wiggling its rear end is a sign of excitement and friendliness.  If a dog is stretching with his butt in the air, front legs and paws stretched out in front, and head close to the ground, he is probably feeling playful. If your dog raises his/her paw to touch your knee or another part of your body, the dog wants to get attention, make a request or ask for something, or indicate a wish to play. The gesture begins as a puppy with kneading associated with obtaining mother's milk but becomes similar to that of offering a hand for a handshake – it's about connecting and friendship. Repeatedly pawing at the air is often used by puppies as an invitation to play. If a dog’s tail is in a neutral (level with body or slightly lower, he is most likely feeling secure and friendly.  If your dog’s tail is fiercely wagging and his/her tail up, he/she is feeling mischievous and...


Learn to laugh at yourself. Act confident. Own it. Blow it off.

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It can be really hard to do this when you're feeling embarrassed and self-conscious, but it is a very important step. Kids can be very cruel at times, and are often much more thoughtless in their dealings with each other than adults generally are. If you become visibly upset, it brings out the mean streak in some people – and they will tease you even worse.   It's especially important to learn to laugh it off if you've made an obvious, public mistake, like spilling a drink, tripping over something, or dropping something you are carrying. Notice how popular kids handle this situation. Typically, they'll make a joke out of it right away (“What is wrong with me today? I'm tripping all over everything!”) They'll probably still get teased by their friends for being a ditz – this happens in the “cool” cliques, too. Then, after a minute, they'll roll their eyes and tell their friends to knock it off...and they'll all start talking about something else. Let yourself off the hook. Everyone does something embarrassing once in awhile. Try to put it out of your head, and genuinely move on – this will cue the people around you that it's not a thing, any longer. This will feel unnatural at first, so you just have to force yourself to do it. It gets easier with a little practice! You don't necessarily need to feel confident all the time, but do your best to look that way; if you appear more confident, you are less likely to be made fun of. People find confidence intimidating. If they can't predict what you're going to say, they aren't going to risk teasing you – they know they'll look like an idiot if you have a clever comeback.  Try to slow down your speech. When you're nervous, you tend to speak faster...slow it down, and you will come across as more confident.  Watch your body language. It may sound clichéd, but try to stand straight with your shoulders back and your chin up. Not only will this make you look more confident, you'll actually feel more confident as well.  Strike up a conversation with your elderly next-door...


Learn to live in the present moment. Meditate. Quiet your inner critic. Cope with painful memories. Get your thoughts out.

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If you are suffering from anxiety, it may be because you are worried, uncertain, or nervous about the future. If you are suffering from depression, it may be because you are constantly dwelling on the past, ruminating about things gone wrong, or thinking self-defeating thoughts. Learning to appreciate the present moment will have a remarkable impact on your life. However, this is no easy feat, but it will help you to separate your feelings from your thoughts.  The best way to stop dwelling on the past or obsessing over the future is to notice when these kinds of thoughts arise throughout your daily life. When they do, then acknowledge them, label them thoughts, and let them fade away. Try to focus on what is happening around you and what your activities entail. Take stock of the people around you and how you feel performing whatever activity you are taking part in. It will help you come out of the past and focus on the present. Keep trying and you'll get to a state of mindfulness. Regular meditation practice has been shown to ease symptoms of stress and anxiety. Mindfulness can also help you feel more connected to other, it can help you gain more control over your emotions, and increase your ability to think about situations in a new light. Consider joining a meditation center or group in your area. Most centers offer free meditation instruction and have weekly open houses. To practice mindfulness and meditate, take a few moments every day to close your eyes, relax your muscles, and focus all of your attention on your breath. If a thought arises, then acknowledge it and let it disappear. The more you do this, the more you will eventually be able to incorporate it into your daily life. Your inner critic is self-defeating or exaggerated thoughts that keep your feelings of depression and anxiety at large. Your inner critic may say things like “I’m a failure” or “There is nothing I can do, and I’m stuck.” Your inner critic may also latch onto one of your worries or thoughts that cause anxiety and then cause a...


Learn to love yourself. Exercise Have fun Spend time with people who uplift you. Be kind to others. Work hard in school. Find yourself a talent Be yourself Remember that what constitutes "ideal" is a matter of opinion.

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Loving yourself helps you be beautiful, and have a good attitude in life. Learn to accept yourself, quirks and all. Stop comparing yourself to others, and instead be the very best version of yourself that you can.  Don't beat yourself up too much over your mistakes. Everyone messes up sometimes. It's most important that you learn from it, and keep doing your best. .  You don't need to fork out on expensive gym memberships.  You can run around the block, cycle to the local shop on errands, or get off the bus a stop early.  Every little thing helps. See if you can get out in the fresh air, whether you're doing intense exercise or just taking a nice walk. You can invite someone you care about to come, too! .  What do you love doing? Think about the activities that you enjoy, and try to do at least one of them each day. Choose people who understand you, who listen to you, and who you connect with. Friends (and more than friends) are what make you happy and successful, not jewelry or other accessories. Make a habit of treating people with understanding, respect, and patience. Help them feel valued and supported. A caring, generous attitude can get you far in life. Study for exams, keep track of your homework, and start all your assignments early so that you don't have to rush. Working hard earlier on makes life easier later on when it comes to finding a job, paying the bills, and finding the romantic partner of your dreams. . Find out what interests you, and work on it. Gaining mastery in a skill can feel really nice, and it's a good way to spend your time.   Learn a language. Play an instrument, or sing. Learn to code. Write or draw. . You don't have to change yourself, just because you've heard that being a certain way is "cool" or "ideal." Figure out what's true to you and what doesn't work for you, and stick with what feels right.  Consider feedback before changing it. If someone thinks you should do something differently, consider whether you value their opinion, and whether they have a point. You don't have...


Learn to make prudent decisions. Relax and calm your emotions. Identify the problem. Gather information and weigh your options. Make a decision.

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When it comes down to it, the skills required to be prudent are decision-making skills. There are many components to making good decisions — such as learning to calm your emotions, calculating risks and options, considering the welfare of others, and on and on. Taking the time to learn good decision-making skills will help you become a more prudent person. Though your emotions play an important part in the decision-making process, it's hard to make a sound, prudent decision if you are feeling overwhelmed by anger, sadness, etc.  Try taking a deep breath. Inhale through your nose, counting to five. Hold your breath for six seconds, then exhale through your mouth as you count to seven. Repeat this exercise ten times, or until you feel calm and relaxed.  If you are feeling stressed, you are more likely to make mental errors while trying to make a decision.  Maybe your friend is really angry with you. You might feel sad, confused, and defensive, and these emotions might make you say something you will regret or react in a negative way. Calming yourself will help you interact with your friend in a prudent manner. Ask yourself, "What is the problem?" Identifying the problem is essential to developing a good plan and making prudent decisions. To do this, you'll want to consider different points of view and look at problems from all angles. Find out as much information as you can about the problem and possible solutions. Make sure the information is sound and accurate and from a good source. Consider the pros and cons of different solutions. Understand the trade-offs with each choice.  If you have time, try listing the positive and negatives associated with each of your possible choices. You may not always have time to go on fact-finding missions before making a decision; sometimes you need to decide in the moment. Still, it's important to take the information you do have and try to make the best decision you can based on that. Based on the information you have gathered and the possible outcomes, make your decision....


Learn to meditate or try relaxation therapy. Take a prenatal yoga class. Use aromatherapy. Ask about acupuncture or massage therapy. Eat specific foods to reduce anxiety.

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Some individuals with diagnosed anxiety disorders can learn to control anxiety and prevent panic attacks with meditation, relaxation therapy, and preventive sessions of prayer or personal reflection.  Consider joining a meditation class or follow simple online instructions on how to meditate. It is important to meditate or perform relaxation techniques on a regular basis to reap the benefits of this mental calming process. Exercise can be a safe and effective way to reduce anxiety during pregnancy, and yoga is acclaimed for its ability to calm the mind and provide a sense of calm and peace.  The hormonal effects of gentle exercise – particularly when combined with meditative mental exercises – can help alleviate stress and anxiety without medication. Physical activity releases feel-good hormones, so regular exercise is essential to keeping a steady dose of these chemicals providing antianxiety effects in the brain. Certain scents, such as bergamot and sandalwood, can ease mental tension and reduce anxiety. Consider purchasing essential oils of a few calming fragrances and using them with lotion, in a bath, or in an oil burner to create a relaxing atmosphere and prevent anxiety. Aromatherapy is often used as an alternative treatment option for anxiety and pain. Some allopathic health practitioners do not recommend acupuncture in certain areas of the body for pregnant women, but the technique is typically safe and can be quite effective for anxiety. Certain foods contain nutrients that can prompt the release of calming hormones or promote a sense of calm and improve sleep. Eggs, fatty fish, nuts, bananas, turkey, spinach, dark chocolate, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products can help you manage stress and anxiety.


Learn to play an instrument Write in a journal. Draw, color, or paint. Sing. Write poetry.

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. If you are looking for hobbies that will allow you to become more expressive, consider learning an instrument. Music is often seen as a great way for expressing one’s self. Choose an instrument that you feel will allow you to express yourself accurately. This simply means that you should choose an instrument that excites you. Many choose the guitar, but if the clarinet or oboe feels right for you, then try that. Keeping a journal is believed the be a very good way to express yourself. It can help you work out problems and work through thoughts and ideas in a way that is unique to you.  You can keep your journal private, or you can share it with others if you wish. You can also keep your journal on paper or in a document on your computer. Try writing down the things that happened on any given day, and writing down how these events made you feel. In your journal you can write letters to people you don’t get to see anymore, or write letters to say things you are afraid to say. Maybe you will send them, maybe you won’t. Write down dreams and ideas. Think of things you’d like to accomplish in your life and write those down. Whichever medium you choose, do it as freely as you like. You can simply pick up a color and see where your hand takes you. Doing this on a regular basis will not only improve your skill, it will give you an outlet where you can express feelings and emotions in a way that has meaning only for you. If you enjoy singing, then do so. You can write your own song or you can just sing songs that you enjoy. If this helps you to express things you cannot or don’t want to put into words in any other way, then embrace it! If you want to, you can do this at karaoke, or open mic nights, or you can just do it in the privacy of your own home or bedroom. The important part is not who hears it, but that you have found a way that helps you express yourself. Writing poetry has been an ideal method of self-expression for hundreds of years. Many people use it to express complicated emotions in an eloquent way,...


Learn to read music. Find easy songs to play. Practice screeching your notes. Listen to great trumpet players for inspiration.

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Reading music will expand your musical knowledge and make it much easier to learn songs. Find a good guide online or work with a teacher to develop music reading skills. Then practice what you’ve read by playing it on your trumpet.  There are many resources online that teach you how to read music. For more instruction, try taking lessons from a local music store or school. After you’ve learned individual notes and scales, the best way to progress is putting those notes together to play songs. Look online for some easy songs and melodies to practice playing different notes in order. Then move on to more difficult songs like jazz and blues pieces.  Some popular, easy tunes for trumpet are "Happy Birthday", "Ode to Joy", "Kum Ba Yah", and "Frère Jacques". Songs don’t need to have trumpet parts for you to play them. Since you know how to form different notes, you can easily translate music onto the trumpet if you know the notes for the song. Screeching, or screaming, is an advanced technique where players jump several octaves in a single breath. Professional players usually use this technique in solos. Bring your playing to the next level by working on this technique.  For a screech, vibrate your lips very quickly and push out a lot of air. This drives very high notes from the trumpet. First try to drive these high-pitched sounds from the trumpet, then work on controlling them better. As with any instrument, learn from the greats if you want to be a good trumpet player. Go back and listen to some of the best trumpet players in history to hear how they used the instrument. Luckily, most of this music is available on the internet for free, so tracking it down is easy.  Some of the greatest trumpet players are Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis, and Dizzy Gillespie. Listen to their recordings to hear examples of expert playing. Also learn about how these players practiced and played. You might pick up some habits that will improve your playing.  Jazz has especially good trumpet playing. If you aren’t into it already, try...


Learn to recognize aphids by sight. Inspect the underside of your plants' leaves for the insects. Pay attention to curled or discolored foliage. Look for the presence of honeydew to see where aphids are feeding. Keep an eye out for plant galls.

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The tiny insects have rounded bodies, with long antennae and 2 slender tubes extending from either side of their rear end. Depending on the species, they may be white, black, gray, green, yellow, or even pink. Some types appear to be covered with a fuzzy, cotton-like substance when viewed up close.  There are both flying and wingless species of aphids, making them even more of a nuisance to control. Some will grow wings once their current food source is degraded and fly onto greener pastures.  Aphids are a common pest in all parts of the globe, and have been known to infest almost any type of crop, tree, shrub, or flowering plant. Turn the leaves over and examine them closely to catch aphids in the act. Though small, they're typically visible to the naked eye. There's no better evidence that you have an aphid infestation on your hands than seeing them for yourself.  While aphids prefer to make a meal of the succulent leaves of fruits and vegetables, they'll happily feed on whatever they find growing. Even a small population of aphids can present a major problem for farmers and gardeners. Take note anytime your plants appear to be failing inexplicably. After long enough, the activity of hungry aphids can weaken or spread disease in once-healthy plants, causing them to look sickly.  Along with the more obvious symptoms of disease, you may be able to spot tiny bite marks along the edges or veins of the leaves. Aphids tend to flourish during the warmer summer months. When aphids eat the sap of healthy plants, they excrete a sticky substance known as “honeydew.” If the leaves of your plants are unusually slick and shiny, or seem to be covered in a thin mucus-like material, there's a good chance that there are aphids nearby.  Honeydew can also take on a dark brown or black coloration as mold and fungi begin to grow on it.  Hosing off your affected plants periodically will help wash away not only aphids themselves, but the residue they leave behind. Once every couple weeks, scan the plants in your garden from root...


Learn to recognize garter snakes. Learn about venomous snakes in your area. Consider letting the snakes remain in their natural habitats. Invite garter snakes to your property. Survey the landscape. Scope out garter snakes' dens. Prepare your materials. Bring gloves with you.

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This small-bodied snake is the most common snake in North America—there are over thirty species of garter snakes, with many more subspecies.  While most garter snakes are a dullish-brown or green shade with stripes that run the length of their body, some species are not striped at all, some are much more brightly colored (for example, some are vermillion red, while others are bluish-green), and some exhibit a checkered pattern.  Before you hit the wilderness in search of a garter snake to catch, you'll want to learn about the specific species of garter snakes in your area. You should be able to go to the website of your local DNR (Department of Natural Resources) to see images; this will help you identify the unique markings of garter snakes in your area and avoid those which may be more dangerous. Technically, the garter snake's bite is venomous (their venom is a neurotoxin which slows down or paralyzes its prey), but the venom is not dangerous to humans.  Even so, you may be worried about mistaking a dangerous venomous snake for a harmless garter snake. There's no one venomous snake that the garter snake mimics in appearance, and because it can look so different from region to region, and because the population of dangerous snakes also varies across the country, your best bet will be to research all of the snakes found in your area before you go out in the field. You should visit the website of your DNR or purchase a field guide for your area to be able to view pictures of both the common garter snakes and the more dangerous snake species in your area. There are various reasons for deciding to catch a garter snake, of course. You may be thinking about catching one for a science project, to observe for a day or two, or perhaps even to add to an indoors tank (to become your “pet” of sorts). Many people, though, think that if they see garter snakes in their garden or yard, they must catch them to be rid of them (to either relocate them or kill them).  While there's no doubt stumbling upon a sunning garter...


Learn to recognize pheasants. Review your location's hunting regulations. Find a good bird dog. Decide on a gun. Be sure to have good all-weather boots, and dress in layers.

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Males' plumage is copper and gold and they have red faces and long tails. Females are brown and harder to spot. They are the size of large chickens.  It is often illegal to hunt females. Pheasants have very good hearing and eyesight. Depending on where you live, you will be subject to various regulations and licensing requirements.  You may need to tag and record your hunts. You may be required to wear orange. Some locations require hunting education. Be aware of your locality’s rules regarding age, as well as load and firearms. While hunting pheasant without a dog is possible, it will be much easier with a dog to track and locate birds for you.  Labradors are good at tracking and flushing pheasant out of heavy cover. They are popular options. Pointers are good for finding birds in light cover and notifying owners. There are a variety of options, and you will want to keep in mind not only your target, but long hours of walking and carrying the gun.  Stick with a gun that weighs less than 8 pounds. A 12-gauge shotgun is always popular for hunting pheasants, although 16- or 20-gauge are possibilities. Double-action shotguns are most common, although some hunters prefer semi-automatics. Lead shot is often banned on public lands, so you’ll need steel. Pheasant hunting requires a heavy shot, like size 4. It's likely to be wet and cold, and you'll be doing a lot of walking on uneven terrain.


Learn to romanticize a little. Do not judge their beliefs or perspectives. Address problems with your partner directly. Remember important dates. Pick out thoughtful gifts for anniversaries.

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A Pisces will spin a romantic narrative of your relationship, so make sure you're on board with this. A Pisces may think the two of you were fated to meet and have a fairy tale-like idea of the early days of your relationship. To avoid offending a Pisces, let them tell their own version of events. For example, a Pisces may think early attraction or infatuation was "love at first sight," so let them view your relationship through this lens. They may have a very elaborate story of your first date or interactions, even if you don't remember these details as well. Astrologers believe that Pisces are more prone to believing in things like the supernatural. If your Pisces match talks about things like spirits, ghosts, or fairies, do not dismiss their beliefs. While a Pisces will not expect you to adopt their beliefs as your own, they will expect that you'll at least respect their point of view. For example, if your Pisces believes in ghosts, allow them to express this belief without judgement. Do not say, "I don't think ghosts are real." Instead, say something like, "I'm not sure I believe that myself, but I guess you can't disprove ghosts." Some believe Pisces are shy about open, direct communication. If you're dating a Pisces, you'll need to be the one to raise issues directly. If there's a conflict, a Pisces may not address it without prompting. A Pisces may not directly tell you they're upset, but may act out in other ways. For example, a Pisces may get quiet or standoffish. Ask them directly what's wrong by saying something like, "If something's bothering you, we should talk it out." Pisces may be romantic by nature, so don't be forgetful about important dates. Pisces may be prone to celebrating anniversaries for each month you're together, so be aware of that date. You should also remember any specific, sentimental details, such as where and how you met and early conversations you had. As Pisces are romantic signs, they expect romantic gestures. When it comes to anniversaries, pick something thoughtful and...


Learn to see patterns in meltdowns. Know the warning signs of a meltdown. Intervene quickly on behalf of the autistic person. Immediately make the requested accommodations. Take them somewhere calmer. Be calm, patient, and understanding. Encourage safe stimming. Once your loved one is calm again, touch base, and find out what triggered the meltdown.

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Knowing your loved one's triggers can help you identify a potentially overwhelming situation, and defuse it before stress reaches the boiling point. Consider keeping a record of meltdown triggers to help future prevention.  For example, going to a restaurant can be very chaotic for a child. Sometimes removing them from the environment for a few minutes is enough to help them stay relaxed. Meltdowns are the result of stress buildup in autistic people, and the best treatment is prevention. Here are ways to notice when a meltdown may be coming:  Frustration Having too many verbal instructions given to them at one time. Witnessing injustice Painful/overwhelming stimuli Changes in routine Not being able to understand or communicate effectively Your loved one may not realize how badly stress is building up, or may be unable to communicate it. Remove any stressors, and ask what is bothering them.   Take them outside for a break. Get them away from crowds or other stressors. Avoid placing demands on them. If other people are doing so, ask them to give the autistic person a break. Autistic people are used to being told that their needs are over-the-top or burdensome, so if they ask for something to change, it's probably causing them real pain or distress.  Don't hold their needs hostage. Even if they don't use their words or say please properly, assume that it is urgent. You can coach them on proper delivery when they aren't on the verge of tears. Try bringing them outdoors, or leading them to their calming down corner. This will give them a chance to relax where they aren't surrounded by people and stimuli. Never shout at or blame them for a meltdown. They often feel deeply ashamed and embarrassed about losing control, and making them feel worse will only make it more difficult to calm down. Avoid crowds or staring people. Ask them to stop it, or get the autistic person somewhere less public. Stimming (aka self-stimulatory behavior) is a way to stimulate the senses, and it can be extremely calming for autistic...


Learn to single-task. Manage your system memory.

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Memory that is in use takes more power. This results in using virtual memory on your laptop hard drive which drains on your battery.  Use only what you need at any given time. If your laptop has plenty of memory, then keep necessary applications open to avoid loading repeatedly from the hard drive. Close all the applications that run in the background, like your syncing or backup software. Quit cloud storage services or video players that you aren’t using. Run simple applications that don't use much RAM, disk drive, or processing power. Close unnecessary tabs you open in your browser. Use a basic text editor rather than the processor and RAM heavy Microsoft Word. Heavy applications like games or movie watching are especially hard on the battery.


Learn to speak the language. Respect local laws and customs. Avoid offending the people around you. Be prepared to tip. Watch how you dress.

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Though not a must, it can be extremely helpful to learn a few choice words and phrases in the local dialect. Not only is speaking another language a practical skill, as it will help you find your way around, it shows that you’re taking a genuine interest in the culture. This will allow you to forge more meaningful connections with the people you interact with.  Memorize the names of important objects and places first, like the hotel, bathroom or cafe, to better orient yourself with the area. Bring along a phrasebook, or use an app like DuoLingo or Rosetta Stone to polish your handling of a foreign tongue.  If nothing else, learn to say “please,” “thank you” and other basic courtesies. In many cultures, this is a sign of good faith that you’re making an effort. Knowing how to act on foreign soil, and how not to act, can keep you from landing in hot water with the local people and authorities. For instance, it is customary in some parts of the world to greet someone with a bow or a kiss on the cheek rather than a handshake, or for couples to refrain from excessive displays of affection in public places. It’s important to abide by these regulations, even if you don’t understand or agree with them.  Some more peculiar types of laws have come to be termed "tourist traps" because of their tendency to get unsuspecting travelers in trouble. Some examples of these include a chewing gum ban in Singapore and a law prohibiting motorists from stopping for pedestrians in Beijing.  Take off your shoes before entering any private residence in Japan, Russia, Finland, Turkey or Switzerland. While you're carrying out your preliminary research, be sure to look up a list of "don'ts" for the area you'll be staying in. In the Middle East, India and some parts of Africa, for example, it's impolite to offer your left hand for a handshake due to that hand's association with unclean sanitary activities. Being informed will keep you from making an unfortunate faux pas.  Be mindful not to touch anyone's head in countries where Buddhism...


Learn to take a punch to increase your longevity in the ring. Parry your opponent’s punches by knocking them away. Slip Block punches that your opponent throws at you. Bob and weave Roll your body to deflect your opponent’s punches.

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Boxing isn't all about throwing punches. Minimizing your opponent's blows is a vital part of the game, too. To take a punch, relax your body and keep eye contact with your opponent. This will help you figure out where they are planning to land their next punch. If your opponent is aiming their punches for your body, tighten up your core muscles and absorb the punches. Develop an effective boxing defense by mixing together various methods of deflecting, blocking, and dodging your opponent’s punches. After keeping your gloves up and chin down, the parry is probably the most basic defensive technique in boxing. To parry, hold your hands at the level of your face and, when your opponent throws a punch, move your hand to strike your opponent’s gloves and misdirect the punch. You’ll need to move fast to parry quick punches like jabs and crosses. punches to dodge a punch altogether. The slip is performed by sharply rotating your hips and shoulders as your rival throws a punch aimed at your head. Also turn your chin sharply in the same direction that you’re turning your body. This will cause your opponent to miss their target (your head) altogether. It’s more difficult to slip punches directed at your body, since it presents a larger target. Instead, try to block blows aimed at your body. Slipping a punch works best if your opponent throws a punch from at least 2 feet (0.61 m) away. When blocking a punch, do not try moving your entire body out of the way to avoid the punch. Instead, absorb the impact with your gloves. Start with your gloves held defensively in front of your face, and move one or both gloves to defend an area of your body that your opponent is trying to punch. Be aware that blocking punches will gradually tire out your hands, and may reduce the effectiveness of your punches. to present a difficult target to your opponent. The bob is executed by bending the legs to avoid a high blow (e.g., a hook to the head). Bobbing is almost like ducking, although you’ll keep your head up and your eyes on your...


Learn to take care of your own feelings and emotions. Maintain feelings of self-reliance. Avoid emotional “triangles” whenever possible. Express your anxieties appropriately. Share responsibilities equitably. Ask for help when you need to. Assess whether new challenges are shared or individual responsibilities. Process emotions through journaling. Be persistent with your journal. Review your journal entries. Seek counseling if necessary.

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Emotional self-reliance means that you can process your own emotions and do not require others to validate your experience and feelings for you. Learning to process feelings and emotions on your own means learning how to be introspective and look for less obvious reasons for feelings rather than taking things at face value.  This process can lead to insight about the root of your feelings and ways to you can begin to avoid negative feelings. Ways to learn how to be more introspective and thoughtful include professional therapy, self-help books, and certain religious teachings (e.g., buddhist teaching on identity and the ways that it can contribute to suffering). If you already feel emotionally self-reliant in your relationship, you should seek to keep that feeling, even in the face of a major change, such as expecting a new child. Often people respond to hurt feelings by engaging others to help them process the experience and to avoid talking with the person that hurt them directly.  The psychologist Murray Bowen calls these situations “triangles.” If there is something weighing on your relationship, express your anxieties and share experiences without allowing other people to heighten your anxiety, make your anxiety chronic, or trying to solve the problem for you.  Put another way, people should act as resources to one another, but should not make the situation worse, and should not replace an individual’s own thinking. When two or more people have a shared responsibility, individuals must be self-reliant by meeting their individual responsibilities in a fair way.   People must also be able to meet individual responsibilities without neglecting shared responsibilities. Each person in a relationship must remain confident of the loyalty and commitment of the other people, as well as their ability to meet their responsibilities. For example, if a couple has a baby, they will have shared responsibilities as parents and individual responsibilities as a worker or primary caregiver. If one person stays at home to...


Learn to talk about language. Learn social courtesies. Learn to ask about other people (and respond. Learn to ask for help.

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As a newcomer to the Portuguese language, you'll probably find yourself struggling to communicate from time to time. Don't worry — no one learns a new language overnight. Use these handy phrases to explain your situation:   I don't speak Portuguese - Não falo Português - (Nah-oom fah-looh poor-too-gess) I speak English: Falo Inglês (Fah-looh inn-glesh) Do you speak English?: Fala inglês? (Fah-lah inn-gless) — formal Do you speak English?: Você fala inglês? (Voh-say fah-lah inn-gless) — informal I don't understand: Não percebo (Nah-oo pehr-say-boo) Could you repeat that?: Pode repetir? (Poh-day reh-peh-teer) Learning how to be polite in Portuguese is very important — you certainly don't want to tarnish your native country's reputation by accidentally being rude. Use these words and sayings to make sure you stay in the good graces of the people you talk to:  Please: Por favor (Pooh-r fah-voh-r) Thank you: Obrigado/a (Oh-bree-gah-dooh/dah) — use the male form if you are male and the female form if you are female. Obrigado is the male form, and obrigada the female form.  You're welcome: De nada (Dee nah-dah) — informal You're welcome: Não tem de quê (Nah-oomm tah-eehm the queh) — formal I'm sorry: Desculpe (Desh-cool-pee) ) Knowing how to ask a few basic questions about the Portuguese-speakers you meet will go a long way towards making you new friends. Use these questions and responses to have a very basic conversation:   What is your name?: Como o/a senhor/a se chama? (coh-moh sen-your/-ah se shahm-ah)— formal. Note that, in this case, the male form of senhor has no "o" ending. What's your name?: Qual é o seu nome? (Coh eh-oh seh-oh no-mee) — informal My name is...: Me chamo [your name] (Mee sham-oh) Where are you from?: De onde o/a senhor/a é? (Djee own-djah oh/ah sen-your/ah eh) Where are you from?: De onde você é? (Djee own-djah voh-say eh)— informal I'm from...: Eu sou de [your hometown] (Ee-oh so-oo djee) What's happening / what's going on?: O que aconteceu? (Oo key ah-cone-teh-see-oo) Not every adventure...


Learn to tell when someone is making a joke. Learn to respond when someone else tells a joke. Learn to take a joke. Learn what jokes cross the line.

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Listen for errors, for exaggerations, and for absurdity. Incongruous statements are often jokes. Check for physical signs, such as a flattened or overly animated voice, a sudden exaggerated accent, or expressive gestures and facial expressions. Someone who looks from face to face in a group might be telling a joke and checking for comprehension.  Indicators that someone might be making a joke depend on the kind of joke. Someone using sarcastic humor might roll or bug their eyes. They might act especially casual, but say the opposite of how they feel. Someone using ironic humor might use excessive slang, speak in a monotone, or profess to care deeply about a nonessential outcome. People often use humor to make fun of themselves, or others, in a friendly way. If someone is describing an embarrassing situation, they might be trying to make you laugh rather than asking for pity. How do you respond to humor? Do you tend to laugh, or smile? Not everyone laughs when they are amused, and this can lead others to believe they have no sense of humor. Try laughing or smiling when something is funny, but don't force it. If a smile doesn't feel natural, you can just say "that's funny." Learn to banter. If you understand the tenor of the joke, you can try to make the same kind of joke in return. This is a common expression of friendliness and of flirting. You might want to develop your sense of humor if you find yourself easily offended or upset. If you are being teased, try to joke back instead of getting mad. If you are not certain whether or not you are being teased, ask yourself "is it likely that this person would want to upset me? Is it just as likely that they are trying to be friendly?" If you can't tell, you can ask.  If something meant to be friendly upsets you, ask yourself what bad feelings it brings up. Humor can help you discover hidden insecurities and fears. If a joke hurts your feelings, you don't have to pretend you think it's funny. Everyone has sensitivities, and everyone has sensitive moments. If you...


Learn to trust her before digging into her past and personal life. Accept that you can never know what other people are thinking. Let her handle her emotions, and you handle yours. Investigate further if you have reasons to be suspicious, but still want the relationship to work.

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Relationships are based on trust. This doesn't mean that you never feel jealous or suspicious; it means you can put those feelings aside and believe in your girlfriend. If you can't trust your girlfriend, maybe you shouldn't be with her. Suspicion and jealous behaviors pushes people away, especially if you start rooting around her stuff without a good reason.  If she's pushing you away, seems distant, or spends all of her time away from you, then you can feel comfortable asking some questions. Your girlfriend will have other male friends -- that doesn't mean she's giving you up. Try not to feel so threatened by other men. If she's told someone else she likes them or she's made a move, that's one thing. But trying to figure out every single crush and passing infatuation is a fool's errand. Think about it -- how often have you had fleeting feelings for someone else? How often have you actually acted upon them?   Small crushes are perfectly normal, even in rock-solid relationships. If you try to uncover every one of them you won't be dating her for long.  If you look hard at your life, you'll realize that you appear to like other girls when you're just being friendly. A jealous mind invents stories where there are none. If she likes someone else, that's on her. It is her job to break up with you and move on, or to realize that her crush doesn't mean that much. At the end of the day it's her actions, not her thoughts, that matter. Paradoxically, this confidence in yourself, knowing that she's your girl and that's that, will make you much more attractive. Possessive, needy boys end up alone. She is with you already. She's your girlfriend! Unless she's cheating on you, it doesn't matter if she likes someone else temporarily as long as she still loves you. You need both parts. If you don't have a reason to be suspicious (hidden text messages, distant behavior, catching her in lies, etc.), then investigating her is rude and insensitive. If you don't want the relationship to work, or have a deep distrust you can't...


Learn to tune the mandolin to itself. Use the seventh fret. Tune to another instrument. Learn some alternate tunings to open up your repertoire.

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While it's important to get each note in tune in terms of pitch, it's also not necessary unless you want to play with other people. You also need to tune the instrument to itself, to make sure you can play and practice in a way that sounds good. You may not always have a tuner handy, so it's an important skill to learn. Practice checking your harmonics and intervals by playing notes at the 12th fret to make sure it's in key in the higher octaves. Check and double check. Adjust both E strings until they're in tune with each other, then fret the A string at the 7th fret and make that string sound the same as the 1st string played “open” or non-fretted. Keep moving down the neck, doing the same thing with the other strings. Use an in-tune piano, guitar, or banjo to tune to. Have your playing partner play each note individually (GDAE--you've got to memorize those!) and take your time getting it in tune. This is an important skill to develop in your ear training, helping you to recognize microtones and sharp and flat sounds. You'll be a better player if you can recognize when you're in and out of tune with your ear. The only difference between a violin and a fiddle is the way that it's tuned, in most cases. Most mandolin players learn to play the instrument by tuning it to GDAE, but that doesn't mean you need to always play it. Some American folk musicians even call it "Eye-talian" tuning to suggest that it's fancy and formal. Learn some alternate tunings and start messing around with new methods of fingering the same old chords. It can open up whole worlds. Try out:  Sawmill tuning (GDGD) Open G (GDGB) Irish tuning (GDAD)


Learn to use social media. Learn to edit videos. Upload your videos around your job. Listen to your audience. Become a "yes man. Don't listen to the haters. Build a vlogging community.

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When you start YouTube, you'll have to keep your audience updated on your life. That means you'll have to know how to use Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram, etc. If you don't know how to navigate any of the above social media websites, Google it and see if you can fine some detailed instructions. This is a major thing you have to know how to use. Understand what you can to do to improve your videos. At the time, you might be using Windows Movie Maker. That's fine. As stated above, you won't really need the best equipment to vlog. Eventually, you can find a better editing software of your choice. When you join YouTube, you're not going to automatically make money. Unless you're getting a good amount of views on your videos, don't quit your day job just yet. Ask them for suggestions and make them feel apart of your life. If you're looking for name suggestions, say, "Guys, I'm looking for a good name for my hamster (or whatever the case may be). Let me know in the comments below what you think." " If your subscribers want you to do something, try to do it! It will build their trust in you. Know when to say no. Some things that people will want you to do may not be healthy or good for you. Nicely tell your viewers in one of your vlogs how you feel about it. Remember! Your viewers are your family, so you must talk it through with them. Sure, you might notice a few dislikes here and there, but you should focus on what brings you joy. You should be too focused on making a difference than the negativity that is thrown at you. Comment on vlogs that address similar topics to yours. Subscribe to YouTube channels and invite vloggers to watch your content. Make friends with them!


Learn to write the Persian alphabet and numerals. Link most letters and words. Omit most vowels.

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The Persian alphabet is 32 letters long. These characters are written right to left, as are all the words. The  Practice writing and reciting the alphabet. Listen to recordings of native speakers reciting the Alphabet. Try to learn the intonation.  Make flashcards with the Persian script and Romanization on one side, and the English letter on the other. Quiz yourself in idle moments. Numerals are written as they are in Arabic, except for 4, 5, and 6. Unlike letters, numerals are written left-to-right. If you plan to study or live in Tajikstan, learn to write in Cyrillic script instead. When you write in Persian, link most of the letters. Persian script is a semi-cursive script. There are, however, exceptions. These letters " و, ژ, ﺯ, ﺭ, ﺫ, ﺩ, ﺍ" link to the letter that precedes them, but not to the letter that follows.  Most letters in Persian have four forms: initial, medial, final, and detached. The form they take depends on their position in a word. "Initial" letters are the first letter of a word, and they connect to the letter that follows. "Medial" letters are attached on both sides to the letters in a word that come before or after them. "Final" letters are those at the end of a word. They tend to take on a tail, or be written slightly larger than the letters preceding them. "Detached" letters are letters that stand alone, as in the alphabet. The seven letters that do not link take only two forms, "final" and "detached." In written Persian script, "short vowels" (a, e, o) are omitted. "Long vowels" (ā, ī, ū) are included. This makes many words appear identical when written. When you read Persian, you will have to decipher such words from their context. When vowels are indicated in writing, they are usually written with diacritics or combined consonants.


Learn traditional or local dishes. Have family dinners. Go to a restaurant.

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Cooking traditional or regional foods associated with your family heritage is a fun way to immerse yourself in the culture. Start by trying to make basic recipes from a cookbook, or browse online for authentic recipes. If possible, asks relatives for recipes, advice, or help in the kitchen to cook a meal. Bring your family together to prepare and share meals from your heritage. Children and adults alike can contribute to the cooking and preparation, allowing everyone to learn a bit more about the cultural traditions of your people. Make this kind of  supper a regular event for your family, or invite your extended family for a more elaborate celebration on a larger scale. Make an event out of going for supper at a restaurant that serves food from your heritage. Find a local restaurant that makes authentic dishes and that represents the art, music, and language of the country or region. Read restaurant reviews online to get a sense of where you will find bona fide, homemade fare. For instance, visit an Italian trattoria that serves homemade pasta and wood-fired pizza.


Learn what HPV genital warts look like. Pay attention to itching. Understand where genital warts usually appear.

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If you want to diagnosis HPV-related genital warts, the first step is familiarizing yourself with their appearance. This can help you differentiate genital warts from other skin conditions and STDs such as herpes. HPV genital warts appear in a variety of forms. They may be flat lesions or small, cauliflower-like bumps. Genital warts rarely cause pain. However, they may become quite itchy. If you notice any unusual lesions near your genitals  that itch, they may be HPV related. You can identify HPV genital warts by knowing where they generally appear. HPV warts occur in specific areas on men and women.  Genital warts usually appear around the penis or scrotum in men.  In women, genital warts usually appear on the vulva but may also appear near the anus, on the cervix, or inside the vagina.  While these are the most common areas of appearance, HPV warts can appear anywhere on the body including non-genital areas.


Learn what a carbon footprint is. Learn what contributes to your carbon footprint. Determine your carbon footprint.

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A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon and greenhouse gases you use as you lead your daily life and go about your normal activities. In other words, your carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact your life has. To live an environmentally friendly life that doesn’t contribute to global warming, you want to have the smallest carbon footprint possible.  The idea is to have a neutral or zero carbon footprint. Of all the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, carbon dioxide accounts for up to 26 percent of them, which is why people are concerned with reducing their carbon footprint. Almost everything we do that contributes to global warming is related to fossil fuel consumption. These can be direct uses of fossil fuels, like riding in a gasoline-powered car, or indirect contributions to greenhouse gases, such as eating fruits or vegetables that had to be shipped from far way to reach your table. Most of the top contributors to our carbon footprints come from the indirect use of coal, natural gas, and oil, including: domestic meat consumption, electricity consumption, personal commuting (such as driving and flying), commercial transportation (like trucks, ships and planes), and using plastic. Since greenhouse gases contribute to global warming, knowing your carbon footprint can tell you just how much your lifestyle is contributing to global warming and climate change. Use one of the many calculators available to determine the impact your lifestyle is having.


Learn what a corn looks like. Differentiate between a corn and a callous. Learn the common places where corns appear.

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In order to assess whether you have corns, you should first learn the basic physical appearance of corns. Corns are usually found on feet, due to the friction provided by footwear; however, they can be found on any part of the body exposed to friction from fabric and other materials, like the hands, elbows, and knees.  The skin texture of corns varies, but skin can be waxy, dry, transparent, or a horny mass found on a bony texture of the body.  Corns can be either hard or soft, but usually have a harder center surrounded by softer, slightly discolored skin. Callouses and corns are similar in that they develop in response to the same kinds of pressures on the feet and hands; however, there are some notable differences between callouses and corns.  Corns are usually off-white or yellow, while callouses vary in color. They can be white, gray-yellow, brown, and red.  Callouses have no distinct borders while corns are confined to distinct borders on the skin that are visible to the naked eye.  Callouses are frequently painless and, if they do cause pain, it's a tender pain like an occasionally throbbing or burning. Corns are frequently painful, especially in response to even light touch.  Callouses tend to be a lot bigger than corns and their shape is less uniform and round. Corns are more likely appear in certain areas. Knowing where you're most likely to find corns can help you tell the difference between corns and other skin problems.  Corns often appear on the bottom or sole of the foot or over the arch of the foot.  As the outside of the fifth toe, the "pinky toe," frequently rubs against footwear, corns are likely to appear here.  Corns also often appear between the fourth and fifth toe, as these toes are pressed together while walking and running.


Learn what a discharge means. Know when you can expect the discharge to occur. Prepare for debts that cannot be discharged. Realize that a discharge is not guaranteed. Consider repaying some discharged debts. Keep copies of the discharge court papers.

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If you are awarded a bankruptcy discharge, you are no longer legally required to repay some kinds of debts.  This is a permanent order.  Creditors can take no further action against you to collect the debt.  They cannot communicate with you about the debt.  They can take no legal action against you. Unless there are any objections to the discharge, it is usually granted automatically.  Creditors, debtors and their attorneys all receive copies of the order of discharge. The amount of time it takes to get a discharge varies depending on the type of bankruptcy for which you file.  The court can deny a discharge if the petitioner does not complete the required credit counseling and debt education courses.  Exemptions from this requirement can be granted in some cases if the debtor is disabled or on active military duty.  In a Chapter 7 case, the discharge can happen within 60 days of the first 341 meeting, which is usually approximately four months from the date the debtor files for bankruptcy.  It may take longer if a creditor files a complaint objecting to the discharge or a motion to dismiss the case. In Chapter 13 cases, the court grants a discharge after the debtor completes all agreed-upon payments.  Since these payment plans last three to five years, it may take several years for the discharge to be granted. The kinds of debts that can be discharged vary depending on the kind of bankruptcy filed.  Congress determines the kinds of debts that cannot be discharged.  These decisions are based on public policy.  Debtors must still repay those debts that cannot be discharged.  The categories of debt that cannot be discharged include some taxes, spousal or child support, debts for personal injury, student loans, and debts owed for driving under the influence. Under Chapter 13, some debts can be discharged that would not be dischargeable under other chapters.  These include some taxes, some personal injury debts, and debts from property settlements during a divorce.  Petitioners can also file a hardship discharge...


Learn what a number line is. Understand negative numbers. Use a basic equation to understand adding a negative number. Instead of adding a negative number, turn it into a subtraction problem using only positive numbers. Understand how subtraction and negative numbers work on a number line. Decrease the amount you're subtracting and see what happens. Notice how decreasing a decrease can result in an increase. Change minus signs to plus signs when adding negative numbers. Write subtraction of negative numbers as addition.

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If you don't know how to make a number line, go back to Adding and Subtracting Positive Numbers with a Number Line to learn how. Positive numbers are increases, or movements right on the number line. Negative numbers are decreases, or movements left on the number line. Adding a negative number moves the pointer left on the number line. For example, let's add 1 and -4. In the standard, familiar number writing you're used to, this is just:1 + (-4) On a number line, we start at 1, move 4 spaces left, and end up at -3. Notice that -3, our answer, is the same thing we'd get if we just did 1 - 4. Adding 1 + (-4) and subtracting 4 from 1 are the same. We can write this as an equation, a kind of mathematical sentence showing one things equals another:1 + (-4) = 1 - 4 = -3 As we can see from our simple equation above, we can go both ways — changing "add a negative number" to "subtract a positive number" and vice versa. You might have just been taught "change a minus-plus to a minus" without really knowing why — this is why. For example, consider -4. When we add -4 to 1, it decreases 1 by 4. We can "say this in math" by writing 1 + (-4) = 1 - 4 We'd write this on a number line, as starting with our pointer at 1, then adding a move 4 spaces to the left (in other words, adding a -4). Since it's an equation, one thing equals another - so the reverse works too:1 - 4 = 1 + (-4) On a number line, subtracting a negative is a decrease in the length of a decrease. Let's start with 5 - 8. On a number line, we start with our pointer at 5, decrease by 8, and arrive with our pointer at -3. Suppose we decrease the amount we're decreasing by one less, or in other words subtract 7 instead of 8. Now we move one less space to the left on the number line. In written terms, we started with5 - 8 = -3 Now we'll only be moving 7 left, so we have5 - 7 = -2 For our example, we decrease the amount we go left by 1. In equation terms, we could write our shorter move as:5 - 7 = -2 = 5 - (8 - 1) Using our step of "change all subtraction to...


Learn what acupressure is. Use the correct amount of pressure. Choose the proper pressing aids. Talk to your doctor about using acupressure.

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In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), acupressure is an approach that utilizes various points along 12 basic meridians. These meridians are energy pathways that are believed to carry “qi” or “chi,” which is the Chinese term for life energy. The basic concept in acupressure is that if there is a blockage in qi, illness is a consequence. The application of pressure in acupressure can unblock these energy pathways and restore the easy and unimpeded flow of qi. Acupressure has been shown to benefit migraine headaches in a number of clinical studies. When you do acupressure, you should try to use the right amount of pressure. Press the points with a deep, firm pressure when you stimulate the points. When you press the points, you may feel some soreness or pain, but it shouldn't be unbearable. It should feel somewhere between pain and pleasure.  Your overall health determines the amount of pressure you place onto the pressure points. Some pressure points will feel tense when pressed. If at any time you feel extreme or increasing pain, gradually decrease the pressure until you feel a balance between pain and pleasure. You should not try to endure any pain during acupressure. If something feels so painful that it's uncomfortable or excruciating, then stop applying pressure. Since acupressure requires the pressing of pressure points, you need to make sure you use the right things to help you press the points. Most commonly, practitioners of acupressure use their fingers to massage and stimulate the pressure points. The middle finger works best to apply pressure to the pressure points. This is because it is the longest and strongest finger. You may also use the thumb. Some smaller, hard-to-reach pressure points can be pressed using a fingernail.  Other parts of the body, such as the knuckles, elbows, knees, legs, or feet can also be used. To correctly press a pressure point, you should press with something blunt. For some pressure points, the tip of the finger may be too thick. You can try a pencil eraser for small...


Learn what formats of disc are suitable for your drive, burning software, purpose, and devices, as well as the playback equipment you intend to view it on. Look at the format symbols/icons on the packaging, the disc themselves, in the device user manuals or the device.

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Before you invest money on new blank DVD, do a little research and get to know which formats are compatible with your devices. Knowing this before you purchase a huge pack of discs will prevent frustrating and costly mistakes.   DVD+R means the disc is rewritable and you can (with appropriate software) delete files off the disc and replace with new ones. The file will just hide under the new ones and take up some disc space.  DVD-R means the disc is not erasable and cannot be reused although files can be copied to another drive and burned on a new disc.  ROM means it's Read Only Media that can not be erased and is permanently burned onto the disc.  RW states  the old file is erased completely taking no disc space at all after being rewritten or re-burned. Not every DVD disc is made for burning with a computer and some discs will allow you burn a movie and menus of a DVD on the disc but not work in DVD players. Note which brands work better on the devices too. Some players are finicky about the brands of disc being played in them. Also some brands are thicker and more durable than others. Professional movie discs are an expensive grade of disc.


Learn what hexadecimal is. Learn how to write bases. Understand place values in decimal. Learn the hexadecimal place values. Convert from hexadecimal to decimal.

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Just like the decimal number system uses ten different symbols to denote values from Zero to Nine, the hexadecimal number system uses sixteen different symbols to denote values from Zero to Fifteen. Any number can be written in either system.  Here's how to start counting in hexadecimal:  zero through fifteen: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F sixteen through thirty-two: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 20 The ten symbols used in the decimal number system form the base of the decimal number system.  Similarly, the sixteen symbols used in the hexadecimal number system form the base of the hexadecimal number system. Whenever it's unclear which base is being used, subscript numbers are added to show the base. For example, 10010 is "100 in base 10" and 10016 is "100 in base 16" (which equals 409610). Another term for "base" is "radix" (pluralized "radixes" or "radices"). We can understand long numbers written in base 10 without even pausing to think, but that's only because we've had a lot of practice.  We know automatically that "583410" means 5x103 + 8x102 + 3x101 + 4x100. Each digit in a multi-digit number has its own place value. Here are the place values in decimal, from right to left:  10010 = 1 10110 = 1010  102 = 10x10 = 100 103 = 10x10x10 = 1000 104 = 10x10x10x10 = 10000 105 = 10x10x10x10x10 = 100000 & so on. Since hexadecimal is base sixteen, the place values are based on powers of sixteen, not powers of ten. Here are the powers of sixteen, written in decimal.  16010 = 1  16110 = 1610  162=16x16=256  163=16x16x16=4096  164=16x16x16x16=65536  165=16x16x16x16x16=1048576 & so on. If we write these in hexadecimal, these would instead be written as 1016, 100, 1000, etc. Converting between two bases is a good way to become familiar with how each system works. Here's how to convert from any number in hexadecimal to the same number written in decimal:  Write out your hexadecimal number: 15B3016  Write each digit out as a decimal multiplication problem, using the place...


Learn what poking is. Go to a friend's profile. Click the ". Click "Poke. Visit the Poke page to see who has poked you. Use the buttons on the Poke page to poke your friends back.

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Before you poke someone for the first time, it's nice to know exactly what you're doing. Poking a friend does the following:  Sends your friend a notification saying "(Your name) poked you." Gives your friend the option to poke you back, dismiss the poke, or ignore it. Records the poke on your friend's poke page.  Note: Each poke is only visible to whichever friend you poke. In other words, besides your friend, no one else can see the poke. Poking a friend is easy. To start, just visit the profile of the person you'd like to poke. You can do this by entering their name into the search bar, visiting your Friends page, clicking their name in your news feed, etc. You can only poke friends — you won't get the option to poke on the pages of people you aren't friends with. .." button. At the top of your friend's profile, you'll see a profile picture on the left, a cover photo stretching across the top, and a few buttons on the right side. Look for the one with an ellipses (three dots) on it. Click this button. " This will send your friend a poke notification. Your friend can reply by poking you back or removing the poke. Facebook gives you a convenient way to view all of your pokes at once: the Pokes page. This is available at Facebook.com/pokes. Here, you can see who you've poked and who has poked you. If you've been poking back and forth with a friend, this page will also show how many times in a row you've been poked. When someone pokes you (or you poke them and they poke you back), you will see a blue "poke" button next to their name on your Pokes page. Click this to automatically poke this person back. This is a convenient way to poke lots of people at once without having to visit their profiles.


Learn what stress response syndrome is. Recognize symptoms. Identify the triggers. Know the different types of stress response syndromes.

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No two people experience stress response syndrome the same way. To help your loved one, you should learn as much about the disorder as possible. This helps you have an idea of what they are going through. Stress response syndrome occurs after a major life change or stressor occurs. It manifests as emotional or behavioral symptoms, and usually occurs within three months of the even.  Stress response syndrome usually lasts for around six months. Sometimes a few symptoms last after that. The condition is also called adjustment disorder. To learn more about the condition, consider buying a book or checking on out from the library. You can also research the condition online, or talk to a mental health care professional. Stress response syndrome occurs when the symptoms are significantly excessive or worse than the cause. The symptoms interfere with daily life, including school, work, and social interactions. This disorder can happen at any time in a person's life, though it happens more often during adolescence, midlife, and late life. Symptom include:  Impulsive behavior, acting out, defiant behavior — A person may skip school or work, get into fights, or abuse alcohol or drugs. Depressed feelings, such as sadness, and hopelessness — The person may cry or withdraw or isolate themselves. Anxiety symptoms, like nervousness or tension, including both acute and chronic stress conditions Abnormal heart rate or other physical problems Shivering, trembling, or twitching Any significant life change or emotional stressor can cause stress response syndrome. The event may be serious or mild, positive or negative, but it becomes a significant source of stress and change for the person. They cannot cope or accept what has happened, and they develop the disorder. Examples of triggers include:  Divorce Death of someone close Marriage Having a child Losing a job or financial troubles Problems at school Family problems Sexuality problems Medical diagnosis Physical trauma Surviving natural disaster Retirement There are different...


Learn what the company does. Read expert commentary on the business. Inform yourself on the macroeconomic outlook for the business. Assess the company's competitive advantage. Judge the company's management. Decide whether the business is a potential investment.

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The first step to researching any company is to find out precisely what the business produces, and how it makes money. For example, assume you have heard good things about a particular fertilizer, and you are interested in investing in the company that makes it. You would want to familiarize yourself with the types of fertilizer it produces, who the typical customers are, and if there are other other products or services the business provides.  The best way to begin this process is by visiting the "Investor Relations" section of the business's website. Once there, most businesses have a "Corporate Profile" or "Company Snapshot" document that provides a general overview of the business. After you have read that, look for the "Investor Presentations" section on the Investor Relations page. Every quarter, as well as annually, many publicly-traded companies create a Powerpoint slideshow for investors. These slides not only provide an overview of the business, but also describe new developments, challenges, and results. These documents should give you a solid overview of the business. Expect that there will be parts of the documents you do not understand. When you encounter terms or concepts you don't understand, do a Google search to better familiarize yourself. Documents prepared by the company reflect facts and interpretations by management and are skewed to be positive. It is best to have a healthy skepticism of the information presented in these documents. There is never any shortage of expert commentary on businesses, and reading what analysts and other experts have to say can help you to understand some of the major risks and rewards of buying a particular business. Look for consensus among analysts: is there a general belief that the stock has a positive outlook?  Stockchase.com is a useful resource, which lists a variety of analysts' opinion on a stock, along with their recommendation whether to buy, sell, or hold. However, you should also seek to understand the reasons behind the recommendations....


Learn what the direct object pronoun of the sentence is. Remember that reflexive pronouns also have the role of object pronouns. Learn where the indirect object or reflexive pronouns should be modified to new forms when they appear before the direct pronouns: The reflexive pronouns, mi, ti, ci, vi follow the same rules, and:

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For example: "He gave a book to me"––now, substitute "a book" by the pronoun "it"––He gave "it" to me. Now this needs to be dealt with as double object pronouns. In the basic Italian discussed here, "to me" (indirect pronoun) should come first, then "it" (direct pronoun) and, at last, the "gave" verb that in Italian includes "he" as its ending. Hence, this become in Italian: to me-it-gave, that is, me lo dà  Me is the new form of mi when used in a double object pronouns sentence.  mi + (lo, la, li, le) : mi becomes me. ti + (lo, la, li, le) : ti becomes te. Le + (lo, la, li, le) : Le becomes glie. glie attaches to the direct pronouns it precedes. For example,  glie + lo becomes glielo. glie + la becomes gliela, and so on.    gli + (lo, la, li, le) : gli becomes glie. glie attaches to the direct pronouns it precedes. For example,  glie + lo becomes glielo. glie + la becomes gliela, and so on.    le + (lo, la, li, le) : le becomes glie. glie attaches to the direct pronouns it precedes. For example,  glie + lo becomes glielo. glie + la becomes gliela, and so on.    ci + (lo, la, li, le) : ci becomes ce. vi + (lo, la, li, le) : vi becomes ve. Loro does not change and comes after the verb. loro does not change and comes after the verb. si + (lo, la, li, le) : si becomes se.


Learn what the thyroid gland does. Understand hypothyroidism. Know what Armour thyroid is.

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The thyroid gland is located at the base of your neck. It is a very important gland, producing thyroid hormones that help regulate your metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. In children, the thyroid aids in growth and development. The thyroid is responsible for releasing hormones into the body.  Thyroid problems can be divided into two types: an overactive thyroid or hyperthyroidism, and an underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is treated with Armour thyroid while hyperthyroidism is not. Hypothyroidism is also known as an underactive thyroid. This means your body produces too little thyroid hormones, causing body functions to process more slowly. All forms of hypothyroidism can be caused by viral infections, radiation damage, some medications, pregnancy, and other rarer causes.  Having an iodine deficiency can cause hypothyroidism. Iodine deficiency may be a more important cause of hypothyroidism since the primary source of iodine for many people who don’t eat fish is iodized salt. Since many people have reduced their salt intake, their iodine intake has also been reduced. Symptoms of an underactive thyroid include fatigue, constipation, depression, dry, coarse hair, hair loss, dry skin, wanting to sleep often, intolerance to cold, decreased heart rate, swelling of the thyroid gland (goiter), and unexplained weight gain or difficulty losing weight. Hypothyroidism is commonly treated with hormone-replacement therapy (HRT). HRT can be accomplished with natural hormone from animal sources, like Armour thyroid, or with synthetic, man-made hormones. Armour thyroid is an animal-source thyroid replacement used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. It is a natural mix of pig-derived thyroid hormones. It is measured as grains, and the doses range from ¼ grain to five grains. It’s used as HRT for people with hypothyroidism of any cause except for temporary hypothyroidism, and for the prevention and treatment of goiters, thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer, and multinodular goiters.  A fourth grain of...


Learn what to expect. Talk to other people about their experiences. Understand that roller coasters are supposed to be scary. Go with friends. Look at your watch. Read the regulations and restrictions before getting in line.

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It's a good idea to learn a little about roller coasters before you ride your first ones. Specific parks will usually rank the roller coasters on intensity, so you can learn more about the particular roller coasters you're going to visit when you get there and get the park map, or you can check out the specific coasters online.  Wooden roller coasters are the oldest and most classic coasters. Usually operated on chain-lifts, they'll go very fast, but never go upside down or in complicated loops, for the most part. Steel-track roller coasters are much more complex, featuring lots of twists and turns, often upside down. But some steel coasters are good because they will have more turns and not as many drops.  They will also be less rickety and smoother than wooden ones. There are some small steel coasters which are great for first time as wooden coasters are very bumpy. If you're scared of the big drops, look for a roller coaster with a curved drop instead of a straight drop, so you'll get a gradual ride and won't feel as if you're plunging. You can also choose a launched ride, which accelerates you at high speeds instead of dropping you off of a large hill, though these are just as intense in some cases.  It may seem silly, but most kid rides allow anyone to ride, and can be a great start. Try not to find out specific things like how tall the coaster is, how fast it goes, and other specific "scary" numbers. It is a good idea, though, to check out the twists and turns so you can brace your body and know what to expect from the ride and avoid rides that do stuff you're intimidated by.  Find these things out after you ride so you can tell others and be proud of yourself. Millions of people ride roller coasters every year and have a blast doing it. There's little to fear from the roller coaster, and lots of fun to be had. Talking about it with enthusiasts is a great way to get interested and excited in roller coasters for yourself.  Also talk to people who were scared but now love them as it will help you see what...


Learn what urine analysis (urinalysis) screens for. Understand the lab results that suggest a metabolic/kidney problem. Learn how to correlate symptoms of a UTI to the lab results. Recognize other important lab results.

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A urinalysis detects the byproducts of normal/abnormal metabolism, cells, protein and bacteria in urine. Healthy urine is typically clear looking, without a bad odor and sterile, which means without significant numbers of bacteria. Many metabolic and kidney disorders can be caught in their early stages by screening for abnormalities via urinalysis. These abnormalities can include higher-than-normal concentrations of glucose, protein, bilirubin, RBCs, WBCs, uric acid crystals and bacteria.  Your doctor may recommend urinalysis if she suspects a metabolic condition (like diabetes), kidney disease or a urinary tract infection (UTI).  For urinalysis, you'll need to collect 1 – 2 ounces of mid-stream urine (not the initial portion out of your urethra) into a sterile plastic cup. Collecting the sample first thing in the morning is usually recommended. Don't forget to clean your genitals thoroughly before collecting a urine sample, particularly if you're menstruating. The reason it needs to be midstream: there will be bacteria on the skin near the opening if your urethra normally. The initial flow of urine will contain some of these bacteria. Your urine sample is analyzed three ways in the lab: via visual exam, dipstick test and microscopic exam. Most metabolic and kidney problems don't create obvious symptoms, at least in their initial stages. General feelings of tiredness and lack of energy are common, but are difficult to relate to kidney or glandular dysfunction. An analysis of your urine can suggest that a problem exists, although it's not definitive by itself — blood tests, physical exam and other tests (ultrasound, MRI) are often required also.  Normally, there isn't significant amounts of protein (albumin) in urine; however, when urine protein levels are high (called proteinuria), it can be an early sign of kidney disease. Proteinuria is also common with multiple myeloma and various types of cancer. Kidney disease can also cause blood (RBCs) to be in urine, as well as high acidity and specific gravity (the...