There are quite a few inmate registries on the internet that provide profiles of inmates who are interested in finding a pen pal. Spend some time reading through the available profiles to find someone you would like to get to know.  Try to find someone with common interests so that you can have something to build on in conversation. Make sure you choose an inmate with the same expectations as you. You don’t want to pick someone who is looking for a romantic relationship if you are not interested in that as well. Many prisons offer inmate assistance programs of various kinds that you can become involved in. These programs are designed to benefit the inmates and help them to use their time productively while incarcerated. Some such programs provide educational or tutoring support for inmates. Print your name and address on the envelope neatly. You should do this also in the body of the letter in case something happens to the envelope. Make sure the inmate’s name, address, and inmate ID are clearly legible as well. To make sure mail does not get lost, put your pen pal's last name and correctional I.D. number on the back of each page or picture. In the first letter, give some basic background information about yourself. You can describe your hobbies, interests, or a small personal description. Be sure not to include anything too personal. Introduce yourself just as you would to any person you are meeting for the first time. You can also give some words of encouragement and respond to things in their personal ad if they have one, like their love of reading for example. Regardless of how close you become with your pen pal, try to remember that they are in prison for a reason. Unless you know them well (from real life or otherwise), be cautious about providing them with any personal information about yourself or your family.  Consider using a post office box or mailbox, rather than a home mailing address, when writing to your inmate pen pal. Limit what personal information you include in your letters. You can send...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Find an inmate on a pen pal registry. Get involved in some kind of program. Make sure the addresses are legible. Introduce yourself. Be cautious about releasing personal information.


There are services that can extract the data on your floppy disks and send it back to you, then recycle the floppy disks. Or, if you don't need the information on the disks, they will simply destroy it and then recycle the disk. Some of these services will even pay for you to ship your floppy disks to them. Most floppy disks can actually be reused. Many government programs still use floppy disks. The others are mostly sold for art projects. Electronics contain parts that can be hazardous to the environment if you throw them away in the trash. Search for Certified e-Steward Recyclers to find out where you can safely dispose of your floppy disks. Only dispose of your floppy disks if you are sure they don't contain any sensitive or important information. If you are a DIYer, try repurposing your old floppy disks into a new accessory, such as a clock. You can also use a hot glue gun to attach 5 floppy disks together to form a mini planter or pen holder. Or drill holes in two floppy disks, cut some paper down to match the size of them, and spiral bind them all together to make a notebook. Your imagination is the limit when it comes to repurposing floppy disks.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Send your disks to a recycling service specifically for floppy disks. Look for an e-waste recycling facility in your area. Make the floppy disks into a DIY craft project. Finished.


There are seven ways you can customize a player. The first one will be the Player Info. Here you can set your player’s personal details like name, birthdate, college school, team, and hometown.  Use the directional keys, the Accept button, and the Back button on your controller to select or modify any kind of customization you like on your player while inside the Create a Player screen. Use the left and right bumper buttons of your controller to switch between customization tabs. The second part of customizing a player is the Appearance tab. Here, all the aesthetics aspects of your player can be modified. Every physical aspects of your player—hair style, skin color, facial appearance, and body size—can be adjusted here. The third part is the Equipment tab. Select the equipment you want your player to wear, like helmet, facemask, neck pad, back plate, and more. The Style tab determines the kinds of stance your player will take while playing the game. The kind of stance your player can use depends on the player position you’ve set in the Player Info tab. The Ratings tab is where you can set the player’s stats like Strength, Speed, Agility, Catching, and more. Your player’s ratings determine how well he can perform during the game. The Player Traits tab adds character to your player by allowing you to set recognizable trait. Does your character fight for extra yards? Does he drop open passes? These kinds of options can be set in the The Player Traits section. The seventh and last part of creating your player is the Contract Info tab. Here, you can adjust your player’s salary, signing bonus, and years left to play. Press the “Accept” button to save the player you’ve created and a message box will appear. Select “Save Player” from the message box to confirm saving your player. ” There you have it! You’ve just created your own Madden 25 player!

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Set the Player Info. Set your player’s appearance. Choose your player’s apparel. Select your player’s style. Adjust your player’s ratings. Set your player’s traits. Set your player’s contract. Save the changes you’ve made. Enter the filename for the save file of the player you created and press “OK.


There are several approaches you can use to prune hibiscus. One light approach is to "pinch" the plant by cutting off just the ends of the branches near the top, so as to stimulate a bit of growth without losing the bulk of the plant. This is the mildest form of pruning and is the safest for beginners to accomplish. Pinching should be done primarily on young or small plants, as they don't need much pruning early in their life to promote lots of new growth. Cut the tips of each branch off at the top-most node or higher. This is the next step up from 'pinching'  your hibiscus and involves cutting off larger sections of your plant, but only in certain locations so as to maintain the general size and shape of the bush. In selective pruning, you should find nodes that are ⅓ of the way from the top of the branch, and cut just above these. Do this for most or all of your branches to develop locations for new growth. Full pruning is the process of cutting back an entire hibiscus plant early in the season, so that you produce the loveliest crop of flowers available. Full prunes are bittersweet, as although they do cause your bush to produce the most flowers, they require cutting back nearly all of the hibiscus plant to start. Cut each branch on the hibiscus bush so that only 2-3 nodes remain per branch. Remember that you should never cut off more than ⅔ of any portion of a branch. As the name implies, corrective pruning is done when you need to fix an issue on the plant. Typically corrective pruning must be done on damaged or diseased portions of a hibiscus plant. Cut down as far as you must on damaged branches, until green wood is exposed after a cut. If you prune the branch but the wood is hard and white, it is dead and will not recover with new growth. A hard prune is done only in the most drastic of situations when a hibiscus bush is nearly entirely dead or damaged. A hard prune involves cutting down all the branches to expose living growth, hopefully causing the plant to start growing again over time. A hard...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Consider a 'pinch' prune. Try selective pruning. Do a full prune. Try corrective pruning. Do a hard prune.


There are several apps that allow you to create backups of your SMS messages. The two most popular apps are "SMS Backup & Restore" and "SMS Backup +". Both of these apps will allow you to create a backup that you can read on your computer. Both are available for free. SMS Backup & Restore will create an XML file that you can open in your browser, and SMS Backup + will create a folder in your Gmail account with all of your SMS conversations. If you decided to go with SMS Backup +, you'll need to connect your Gmail account so that your messages can be backed up. You can do this by tapping the "Connect" option on the main menu. You'll be prompted to log into your Google account. IMAP will need to be enabled on your Gmail account in order for this app to work. You can do this from the Settings menu of your Gmail inbox, in the "Forwarding and POP/IMAP" section. Once you've configured the app, you can start the backup process. It's a little different depending on the app you are using.  SMS Backup +: Tap the "Backup" button and wait while your SMS messages are sent to your Gmail account. This can take a while if you have a lot of messages to backup. If this is your first backup, you'll be prompted if you want to backup all of the messages currently on the device. MMS messages are backed up by default. SMS Backup & Restore: Tap the "Backup" button and select your backup options. You can choose to include MMS messages, but this will make the backup file larger. SMS Backup & Restore allows you to upload the backup file directly to a cloud storage account, which can make transferring it to your computer much easier. If you're using SMS Backup & Restore, it will take one extra step to get the backup file onto your computer. If you uploaded the backup file to a cloud storage service, simply download it using the web browser on your computer. If you just saved the backup file to your Galaxy device, you'll need to transfer it to your computer. The quickest way to do this is to connect the Galaxy device to your computer and...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Download an SMS backup app from the Google Play Store. Connect your Gmail account (SMS Backup +). Start the backup process. Transfer the backup file to your computer (SMS Backup & Restore). View your backed up SMS files.


There are several benefits to having your cat come to you when you call her. For example, you can call her when it's playtime or mealtime. You can also call your cat if you are unable to locate her in your home. In addition, when your cat knows how to come to you when you call her, you will have the reassurance that she is safely accounted for if you have to leave the house.  If your cat is indoor/outdoor, it will be helpful to call her to come back inside.  Calling your cat is also beneficial when it is time to leave the house for her veterinary appointment. Your cat may not view a trip to the veterinarian as a pleasant experience, so you may need to allow some extra time to get her come to you when it's time to leave for her appointment. Because cats are naturally intelligent, teaching your cat to come to you when she is called is a great mental exercise for her. Although positive reinforcement (verbal praise, petting) is an important component of successful training, the key to training your cat to respond to your call is an enticing reward. The most enticing reward for her will probably be food that she thinks is delicious, such as tuna, shredded chicken, or sardines. You can also purchase cat treats at your local pet store.  Keep multiple treats on hand. When you reward her, you can vary which food you reward her with so that she does not come to expect the same reward each time.  Catnip is  not   a good reward. Your cat's desire for catnip would likely diminish if she receives it more than once a week, so it would be best to select a food treat that will consistently entice her. Whichever food reward you choose, use it only when you call her. It is preferable for your cat to associate that tasty reward with responding to your call and no other commands or verbal cues.  Playtime can also be an enticing reward. You can use any verbal cue that you would like. One common verbal cue that cat owners will use is “Here, kitty kitty.” You can also use the words “come” or “treats.” The verbal cue should not be...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Learn the benefits of calling your cat. Select a reward. Decide what verbal cue you will use to call your cat.


There are several brands of underwear (like Thinx or Fannypants) that are designed to absorb any leaks.  They are even available in sporting versions so you can wear them while you run.  Visit your local undergarments shop or search online for a specific brand's website to try out this option. If you’re too embarrassed to talk about your incontinence and need for special undies, just order online. If you feel your bladder start to leak and cannot contain it, look for an area off the jogging trail to relieve yourself.  Look ahead of you and behind you to ensure you’ll have adequate privacy.  Head off the trail about 20 feet (6 m) (seven meters) and avoid any thorns, brush, or roots that might trip you up. Don't disregard your safety in your rush.  Try to situate yourself behind some large trees or bushes so that you’ll be hidden from anyone passing by on the trail.  Try a women’s urination device like GoGirl or Shewee to make it easier to urinate off the trail.  You could pack these small devices in a fanny pack when you go running. If you are wearing safety vest, remove it when you head into the woods.  That way, even if someone runs by you while you’re urinating, you will be harder to spot.  If you’re running in an urban environment, your situation is much easier.  Just look for a restaurant or public bathroom in which to do your business. If you’re in a race, bring someone along.  Not only can they cheer you on and offer moral support, but they can also hold a spare pair of bottoms for you.  That way, if you do end up peeing, you can change once your race is run.  You probably won’t be able to change into the clean shorts or pants while running.  The best option is to have someone meet you at the end of your race with a clean pair of bottoms. Don’t forget to pack underwear, too. If you’re by yourself out on the trail while running, you probably won’t have a change of shorts or pants handy.  Your best move is to just head home, freshen up, and change there. Or, you can keep a change of clothes in your car if...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Use incontinence pads or special underwear. Empty your bladder. Bring a change of pants. Carry sanitary wipes.


There are several brands that make a 3-in-1 body wash and they are, for the most part, no more than a few dollars. These washes contain body wash, shampoo, and conditioner in one mix. Pour 1 cup (0.24 L) of 3-in-1 body wash into a large plastic bowl. The more body wash you use, the more slime you will make.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?


There are several brands that make hooks that are designed to be inserted into drywall without hammers, nails, or any other tools. These include Hercules Hooks, Super Hooks, Monkey Hooks, and Gorilla Hooks. They are made of different materials and rated to hold varying weights, but each one does require making a small hole in the wall. According to the manufacturers:  A Hercules Hook can hold as much as 150 pounds (68 kg). A Super Hook can hold up to 80 pounds (36.28 kg). A Monkey Hook can hold up to 35 pounds (15.87 kg). A Gorilla Hook can hold as much as 50 pounds (22.67 kg).

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?


There are several communities dedicated to hacking CrossFire. Because hacks are quickly detected and blocked, you'll need to find a place where all of the latest hacks are listed. One of the most popular communities is mpgh.net. The "CrossFire Hacks & Cheats" section will have all of the latest hacks that still work. You will likely need to create an account in order to access the download links for the hacks. If the forum you are using is well-maintained, all of the hacks that have been detected and blocked will be crossed out or otherwise indicated. New hacks that still work will typically be at the top of the list of threads. Browse through a few hacks that haven't been detected yet and find one that suits your needs. Many hacks follow the same basic installation procedure, which will be outlined here, but many hacks have specific steps that you will need to take in order for them to work. Pay attention to the region that the hack was made for. Hacks for North America usually won't work for the Philippines, for example. Most hacks will come in ZIP or RAR format. If you don't have a program that can open RAR files, download and install 7-Zip (7-zip.org), a free archive extractor that can open RAR files. To extract the files, right-click the downloaded file and select "Extract". You will need a program called an "injector" to run the hack files. You can find injectors on the same forums that you find hacks. Look for the "Injectors" or "Tools" section of the hack forum to find the latest injector releases.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Visit an up-to-date hacking forum. Find a working hack. Read the instructions carefully. Download and extract the hack files. Download an undetected injector.


There are several companies online that design binders specifically for trans men. There are also trans men who sell used binders that either no longer fit or aren't of any use to them. You may also be able to purchase a binder from your local sex positive merchant.  Binders are not only used for trans men but also for males who have gynecomastia. You can find binders that specialize in helping men with gynecomastia. If you can't afford a binder, there are many programs that you can apply for to receive cheap or free binders. However, most of these exchange programs are geared towards helping low income trans men when they're transitioning. If you know your bra size, most merchants will be able to help you convert your bra size to a binder size. If you're buying online, a chart or online conversion tool may be available on the merchant's website. It's important to get the right fit for your binder. A binder is not always comfortable to wear but you should always be able to breathe when you're wearing it. You should never feel restricted to a point that you can't. Short binders end right at your waist, or underneath your bust. Long binders reach several inches past your waist and about an inch before your belly button (depending on your body type).  Long binders tend to roll up and may need adjustment, while short binders stay unrolled easier. A binder that rolls can cause unsightly lines to show through your clothing. A way to counteract this problem is to fold up an inch from the bottom of your binder to stop it from rolling. Choose a long or short binder based on your body type and the comfort of your fit. If you have a heavier body type, you may benefit more with a long binder as it will not roll up as often. Binders are put on differently than regular bras or sports bra. Start by:  Putting your binder inside out and upside down. Step into your binder and pull the bottom up towards your head to your waist. Use the shoulder sleeves to pull the binder outside. Put your arms through the sleeves. Pull out the...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Find out where to buy chest binders. Choose the right size of binder to wear. Decide if you want a long or short binder. Put on your binder. Adjust your chest to fit your binder. Use tips and tricks to make binder wearing more effective and comfortable. Practice safety while wearing your binder.


There are several density grades to choose from:   Low density gel is made with 1 lb mineral oil and .9 oz resin. It allows for a light fragrance and only holds small, light objects. Medium density gel is made with 1 lb mineral oil and 1.1 oz resin. It allows for a decent amount of fragrance and will hold all but heavy objects. High-density gel is made with 1 lb mineral oil and 1.25 oz resin. It allows plenty of fragrance and holds even heavy objects. Stand alone density gel is made with 1 lb mineral oil and 1.4 oz resin. It does not require a container but does need a stand. It holds the most fragrance of all and has no trouble with the heaviest of embeds. Mix your combination of mineral oil and resin and let sit for an hour. After this time is up, heat gradually to 220 F (104 C). It should take about 2 hours for the gel wax to form and then liquify. Let cool, pour into a container, let harden and store for later use.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Obtain a combination of thermoplastic resin powder and white mineral oil with a flashpoint of 375 degrees Fahrenheit (190 C). Cook your gel wax.


There are several different species found in many areas that can be easily mistaken for Stinging Nettle.  Several of these are in the Urticaceae family, others are not. These similar species or look-a-likes include:  False Nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica) Horsebalm (Collinsonia canadensis) White Snakeroot (Eupatorium rugosum) Hemp Nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit) White Deadnettle (Lamium album) Wood Nettle (Laportea canadensis) Northern Bugleweed (Lycopus uniflorus) Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Upright Pellitory (Parietaria officinalis) Clearweed (Pilea pumila) Self Heal (Prunella vulgaris) Marsh Hedge Nettle (Stachys palustris) False nettle has finer toothed margins of the leaves, and the leaves themselves tend to be a little more bigger at the base. The stems of each flower cluster are erect and angle upward from the stem, unlike stinging nettle (which are droopy). There are no stinging hairs on any part of this plant. This is despite the fine hairs found on the leaves and stems. This plant is a part of the Mint family Lamiaceae. The plant grows to be about 2 feet (0.61 m) to 4 feet (1.2 m) in height, and the leaves are arranged opposite, like with stinging nettle. The leaves are serrated and oval, and large. It has a noticeable citronella-like odor. Flowers are in branched, terminal spikes, tubular in shape, and whitish yellow to yellow. This plant is a member of the sunflower family (Asteraceae), therefore does not have stinging hairs. This plant is relatively shorter than stinging nettle, growing around 1.5 feet (0.46 m) to 3 feet (0.91 m) in height. Stems are light green to tan, and usually hairless. Leaves are larger than stinging nettle, about 5 inches (13 cm) long and about 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) wide, and are arranged alternate along the stem. Leaf size decreases as they ascend the stem. They are typically darker green on top (light below). Leaves have serrated edges, and heart-shaped near the bottom, and lance-shaped closer to the top. Flowers are white and divided into branching...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Take note of the several species that can be confused with Stinging Nettle. Distinguish from False Nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica). Distinguish from Horse balm (Collinsonia canadensis). Distinguish from White Snakeroot (Eupatorium rugosum or Ageratina altissima). Distinguish from Hemp Nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit). Distinguish from White Deadnettle (Lamium album). Distinguish from Wood Nettle (Laportea canadensis). Distinguish from Northern Bugleweed (Lycopus uniflorus). Distinguish from Horehound (Marrubium vulgare). Distinguish from Spearmint (Mentha spicata). Distinguish from Upright Pellitory (Parietaria officinalis). Distinguish from Clearweed (Pilea pumila). Distinguish from Self Heal (Prunella vulgaris). Distinguish from Marsh Hedge Nettle (Stachys palustris).


There are several different types of debate, such as parliamentary debates and Lincoln-Douglas debates, that each have their own organizational structure. The order in which speakers present their arguments differs between each debate form. Thus, you'll have to base your debate outline on the particular structure of the debate you'll be engaging in.  Team debates are one of the most common debate forms. In the first half of the debate, each team has two segments to present arguments for their side. In the second half of the debate, each team has two segments to rebut arguments presented in the first half. Lincoln-Douglas debates are set up to allow one side to present their arguments, and then the other team to cross-examine them. The second team then presents their arguments and has the first team cross-examine them. Finally, each team has an opportunity for a final rebuttal. Use quality sources, such as peer-reviewed journals and academic books, to gather the best information possible about your debate topic. Focus on finding relevant facts, statistics, quotations, cases, and examples that are related to the topic at hand. Then, based on this evidence, decide which side of the debate has the strongest argument and take that side, if possible.  For example, if the topic of the debate is on the environmental impact of gas cars versus electric cars, gather research from academic journals and consumer watchdogs on carbon emissions, what impact carbon has on environmental degradation, and statements from experts on the topic, such as environmental scientists and car manufacturers. If you're writing the debate outline for an assignment and can't pick your own side, focus on gathering as much evidence as possible to strengthen the argument you're tasked with making. Whatever argument you ultimately make, make sure that it is logically sound and that you have convincing, relevant evidence that supports it. Be sure to note all bibliographical information on your notes. For every supporting piece of evidence you find...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Identify the form of debate your outline is for. Research the debate question and decide which side to take. Categorize all the evidence you come across in your research.


There are several drugs that can cause low blood sodium levels, and stopping the medication may be all it takes to correct the problem. Tell your doctor about any prescription, over-the-counter, or illegal drugs you take regularly. Some of the drugs that commonly cause hyponatremia include:  Thiazide diuretics Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Carbamazepine (Tegretol) Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Indapamide (Natrilex) Theophylline Amiodarone (Cordarone) Ecstasy (MDMA) If your low sodium levels are the result of another condition, it will require treatment. Treating the underlying problem may resolve the low sodium levels. However, if the condition is not treatable, then you will require medication. Health issues that may cause low blood sodium include:  Kidney disease Heart disease Liver cirrhosis Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) Hypothyroidism Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) Severe burns Gastrointestinal illnesses that cause diarrhea and vomiting If your low sodium levels don’t improve using other treatment options or if there are not any other options, then your doctor may prescribe a medication that will raise your blood sodium levels. Use it exactly as instructed and don’t take more than the recommended dose. Tolvaptan (Samsca) is a common medication that is used to treat low sodium. Tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking and follow your doctor’s instructions for how to take this medication. If you take Tolvaptan, consult with a nephrologist so you don’t increase your blood sodium levels too much. Intravenous isotonic saline solution may be required if a person goes into shock as a result of volume depletion caused by low sodium. This would be an acute or severe case of low sodium. Immediate intravenous fluids should help to restore balance, but a hospital stay will also usually be required in this situation. Sepsis or a blood infection can cause your blood sodium levels to drop severely.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Stop taking your medication if your doctor instructs you to. Treat any underlying conditions that may be causing low sodium. Ask about medications to treat low sodium levels. Get intravenous fluid for severely low sodium levels.


There are several formats to writing skits and sketches. You don’t have to have a professional format, but you should have an easy to follow one.  The top of your script should have the title of your skit. Below you may want to write out the names of the characters involved, and even the name of the actor playing that character. To write dialogue, center and capitalize the character’s name who is speaking. On the next line, left indent the cursor and type the dialogue. Actions can be written on a separate line in parentheses. When writing your first draft, don’t concern yourself too much with getting everything perfect. You just want to get the general script down. You will edit it later. Whether you’re filming or performing your skit live, your skit will most likely be under five minutes in length. This means that you have to get into the meat of your skit quickly. Don’t spend time setting up characters and backgrounds. Simply start at a point which is funny or where the action is happening.  If you’re writing the coffee shop skit, try beginning your skit with the barista asking the person at the front of the line what this person wants to order. The person who orders the drink should describe a complicated drink but not something that is so crazy that you can’t begin to build on it as the next few people order drinks. At the top of your skit, your goal is to give your audience enough information as quickly as possible. The barista can say something like “Welcome to Good Coffee, what can I get for you?” With one line you have established where you are, who the characters are, and what is happening. In a skit, every line is important. You don’t have time to waste developing elements that don’t matter in this scenario. Avoid discussion of things in the past/future, people who aren’t present, and objects that aren’t relevant to the skit. Keep your script to less than five pages. If you go over five pages in your first draft, that’s fine, you can cut parts out. On average, one page of a script equals one minute...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Write a first draft. Get into your skit quickly. Keep it short. Remember the rule of three. Build the action up. Keep working on new drafts.


There are several ingredients you can add to your hot water to enhance its cleaning properties. If your first attempt to clean with baking soda and hot water did not work, you may benefit from adding salt and/or white vinegar to the mixture.  Add a quarter cup (.06 liters) of salt for every four cups (.95 liter) of water -- the amount of salt and baking soda should be equal. If you choose to add vinegar, use a half cup (.12 liters) of white vinegar for every cup of water.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?


There are several natural substances that ants abhor so much, they won't go near them. If you use one of these substances to create lines around your windowsills, around the perimeter of your house, and in any spots where ants are getting inside, you can keep ants from coming inside. Freshen up the lines every few days, since ants will be able to get through once the lines are broken. Here are substances that work for this purpose:  Cinnamon Cayenne pepper Ground orange or lemon peels Coffee grounds This will keep the inside of your house from getting sticky, but the ants will be deterred by a strong citrus smell. You can also squirt a solution of half lemon juice, half water around the outside of your house. They hate the smell of a variety of essential oils, many of which smell very pleasant to humans. Add 10 drops of essential oil to 1 cup of water, then spray the solution both indoors and outdoors to keep ants away. Here are the oils you can try:  Lemon oil Peppermint oil Eucalyptus oil (don't use this near cats! It's toxic to them, but not to dogs) Lavender oil Cedar oil During the spring months, when ants are most likely to come inside the house, do your best to keep your floors, countertops, and cabinets spotless. This goes a long way toward keeping ants out. If they don't smell food, they won't be interested in invading your house.   Keep food containers tightly sealed, too. This is especially important for sugar, honey, syrup and other foods that ants like to eat. Clean up spills right away, especially fruit juice or syrup spills. If you don't give ants a door inside, they'll be more likely to stick to outdoor areas. Find all the little cracks and crevices where they could be getting in, like under the door, around the windowsills, and in other little cracks in the foundation. Fill the holes with caulk or other sealants to keep your house airtight. Spritz the areas with lavender or lemon water for good measure.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Make a line that ants won't cross. Squirt lemon juice along outdoor edges. Use essential oils to keep ants away. Keep your surfaces clean so ants aren't interested in coming in. Seal your house to keep them out.


There are several online hiring agencies and services you can access to help you find positions and employment opportunities, including:  GettingHired.com: An online resource for people with disabilities seeking employment that connects disabled individuals with employers committed to hiring people with disabilities, career services departments and disability advocacy groups.  Hire Disability Solutions: Provides career services for people with disabilities, veterans, their family members, and others who face challenges in their lives.  ABILITY Jobs: This site has an extensive database of employers for job seekers with disabilities, and a resume bank where employers can seek talented people with disabilities looking for work. Temporary agency employment is a great way to get back into the workforce, gain skills, and reorient yourself to the current job market. Two of the largest temporary agencies are:  Manpower  Kelly Services The Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) does not award grants to individuals with disabilities. But there are several helpful government programs and resources for disabled individuals seeking employment.  USAJOBS.com is a great resource for individuals with disabilities looking for employment through the government.  The US government also runs a program called Selective Placement that give federal agencies incentives to hire individuals with disabilities. Qualified applicants can be placed in federal agency jobs without going through the competitive placement process.  The Workforce Recruitment Program, co-sponsored by the Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment Policy and the Department of Defense, connects postsecondary students and recent graduates with disabilities with positions in the federal government. The Pathways Program provides employment opportunities and internships for students and recent graduates, including those with disabilities, in the federal government. Working from home can be a useful option for individuals who have difficulty with...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Check out online hiring sites for individuals with a disability. Look for a position through a temporary agency. Search government programs for employment. Think about working from home. Consider self employment.


There are several options for feminine hygiene products, which are the items girls and women use during their periods. Decide which type(s) will be best for you with the help of your chosen trusted person.  Disposable pads Cloth pads Tampons Menstrual cups Pantyliners You never know when you might get your first period. Prepare yourself for it by creating an emergency period kit to carry in your backpack or in a small purse.  Keep at least a couple of the feminine hygiene products listed above inside the kit. Use a small opaque makeup bag or a small plastic container to hold your supplies. There are certain hormonal and physical signs and symptoms of oncoming puberty. Be on the lookout for these signs so that you have a “heads up” that your period may start soon (most likely sometime within the upcoming months).  Breast development Growth of pubic and underarm hair White-colored vaginal discharge In addition to the hormonal changes that indicate you will soon enter puberty, most girls and women experience other symptoms that are directly related to their periods starting. PMS can happen before every period.  Cramps in your abdominal/pelvic region Headaches Mood swings Tender breasts Breakouts on your skin, particularly your face There are medical conditions that can prevent a girl from getting her period. If you are 15-16 years old and have never had a period, you need to see a medical professional to determine what is going on with your body. Your doctor will run certain tests to determine what your body's hormones are doing. He/She will also likely ask you questions about your diet and lifestyle and will consider factors such as your height, weight, and family health history.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Consider what types of supplies you want to use when you get your period. Make an emergency period kit. Know the common signs that indicate your period will start soon. Familiarize yourself with the symptoms of Pre-Menstrual Syndrome, or PMS. Talk to your chosen trusted person about scheduling a doctor's appointment if you are at least 15-16 years old and still have not gotten your first period.


There are several organizations that help needy children connect with stable adults who can guide them through school and life. These programs offer at-risk youth a vital support system. Kids who have a mentor are more likely to graduate high school and less likely to abuse drugs or alcohol. Some mentoring programs include:  Big Brothers Big Sisters of America  Children’s Aid Society  Stand Up For Kids Your local department of child services may also have a mentoring program. Children in foster care often do not have legal guardians who can represent them. A court-appointed special advocate is a representative who looks out for the best interests of a child in court. While they are not an attorney, they do represent foster children in court instead of a parent or legal guardian. CASAs often form personal bonds with their children, thus ensuring that they are protecting the rights and needs of the child.  You can locate a CASA program near you on the CASA for Children website.  You will have to undergo a thirty-hour training program before you will be assigned a case. If you have the space and finances to take in a child, you can foster a child. Foster care is intended to provide a temporary, stable home for a child who has been removed from their parents. The process for fostering takes months, but a dedicated foster parent can change the life of a disadvantaged child by providing support, stability, and consistency during a tumultuous time in their life.  In the US, you will have to apply to be a foster parent at your state Department of Child Services or Department of Social Services. You will have to complete training and pass both a home inspection and a background check.  In the UK, you can contact your local council for more information or find a nearby fostering agency. You will have to pass a Discourse and Barring Service Check as well as a health exam. You may have to go through training.  In Australia, you will have to submit both an Expression of Interest Form and an application to your state...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Become a mentor. Apply to be a court-appointed special advocate (CASA). Consider fostering a child. Start your own  non-profit.


There are several over the counter medications that you can use to help with your acid reflux. There are many different brands, but they typically have the same function. Antacids help neutralize the acid in your stomach. These are generally used to provide relief for up to 2 weeks.  If you still need antacids after that time period, it is recommended you call your physician because long-term use of antacids can affect mineral balance, affect the kidneys, and cause diarrhea. Foam barriers are a combination of antacid and a foaming agent. As the tablet dissolves in the stomach, a foam forms that helps to block the entry of acid into the esophagus. Currently, the only foam barrier on the market is Gaviscon. Follow manufacturer’s instructions and don’t overdo it. Antacids, if overdone, can cause some problems. H2 blockers are also over the counter remedies that come in many different brands. They decrease the stomach’s secretion of acid instead of just neutralizing it like antacids. H2 blockers include cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid) and ranitidine (Zantac). The over the counter variety come in small doses, but your physician can prescribe higher doses.  Keep a look out for the side effects, which include constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, hives, nausea, vomiting, and problems with urination. More serious side effects are difficulty breathing or swelling of the face, lips, throat, or tongue. If you are using H2 blockers, follow manufacturer’s instructions. PPIs block acid production by the stomach the same way that H2 blockers do. You can try many different types, including esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid), omeprazole (Prilosec), pantoprazole (Protonix),  rabeprazole (Aciphex), dexlansoprazole (Dexilant) and omeprazole sodium bicarbonate (Zegerid).  Side effects of PPIs include headache, constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, rashes, and nausea. Long-term use of PPIs are associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis-related fractures of the hip, wrist, or spine. If you are...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Take antacids to neutralize your stomach acid. Try H2 blockers to control stomach acid production. Look into proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to manage acid production.


There are several physical characteristics that will help you tell your male and female dragons apart. The male bearded dragon’s head is larger than that of a female. In addition, his abdominal girth will be smaller and he will have larger pores in his anal region. Another way to determine the sex is to look at the hemipenile bulges. To do this, hold your bearded dragon on his back in your hand and gently bend his tail toward his back at a 90-degree angle; be careful not to damage the vertebrae in his tail when you bend it. Two hemipenile bulges on either side of the tail indicate a male; one centered bulge or no bulge at all indicates a female. It is essential that your bearded dragons are in optimal condition prior to breeding. Your veterinarian can give them a thorough physical exam and let you know if they are in good health or are in need of treatment. He or she can also test your dragons for atadenovirus, which is very contagious among dragons and can cause serious disease.  Bearded dragons should not be bred if they test positive for atadenovirus, since it can be passed from mother to baby.  Keep in mind that a bearded dragon that has the virus may not be shedding it at the time of the test, leading to a false negative result. For this reason, it would be good to have your dragons tested repeatedly before breeding.  Have your veterinarian check your bearded dragons’ ages, lengths, and weights. For optimal breeding, the male should be at least 18 months old and the female should be at least 24 months old. They should both be at least 18 inches in length from snout to tail.  The female should weigh at least 350 grams. Your female will need a daily supplement that contains calcium and vitamin D. This will help ensure that her eggs will be adequately calcified and that she will not suffer from a calcium deficiency after laying her eggs. She will also need a general multivitamin. Your female should receive this supplementation at least several weeks before breeding. Talk with your veterinarian if you have...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Determine the sex of your bearded dragons. Take your bearded dragons to your veterinarian. Supplement your female bearded dragon’s diet. Prepare the breeding habitat. Prepare the lay box. Purchase an incubator. Prepare your bearded dragons for brumation.


There are several popular options for both Windows and Mac, but they may set you back a few dollars. The most popular ones are:  Dupin Lite (OS X)  DeDuper (Windows) Open the list of duplicate files in iTunes.  If you are using DeDuper, you will need to first load all of the duplicate tracks into your iTunes window. You can do this by clicking View and then selecting “Show Duplicate Items”. Highlight the list of duplicates.  Run the script. Double-click the downloaded VBS file. All but one of the duplicate files will be removed. The Played and Skipped counts will be merged together, and the best rating is kept. Removed files will be placed in the Recycle Bin in case you need to restore them. The script may take a while to run, especially for larger libraries. The largest-sized duplicate will be kept, so as to keep the highest-quality version. Run the Dupin Lite program. In the upper-left corner, select the library that you want to search for duplicates.  Select the criteria that Dupin Lite will compare to determine if the songs are duplicates. Click the Filter button to choose which copy will be kept on the computer. You can choose to keep the oldest, the most played, the highest quality, and more. Click the Get Dupes button, a list will be returned of all of your duplicate tracks. The checked tracks will be kept, and were checked according to your Filter settings. The rest can be purged.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Find a duplication removal script. Use DeDuper for Windows. Use Dupin Lite for Mac OS X.


There are several products on the market designed to lift and remove tar. Before using one of these products, first spot-test it on an inconspicuous area of carpet. If it doesn’t discolor or stain the carpet, follow the instructions on the bottle and use it on the tar stain. Most tar removers are in the form of a thick liquid that you will apply to the stained area, then dab with a clean cloth. Most people don’t realize that WD-40 can act as a powerful stain remover! To use WD-40 on the stain, spray it directly over the stained area. Let the WD-40 sit for around ten minutes so it can penetrate the stained fibers of the carpet, then use a clean cloth to blot at the area using gentle sponging motions. Blot until you stop lifting any stain or until the entire stain is lifted.  After using the WD-40, make a mixture of one part dish soap and one part water, then dip a clean cloth in the soap solution and dab at the area to remove the WD-40.  WD-40 generally does not stain, but if you are worried about it further staining your carpet, spray test an inconspicuous area of carpet with a small amount of WD-40, then let it sit for about five minutes. If you do not notice any discoloration, it is safe to use. Brake cleaner is another product that is not designed as a stain remover, but can do a great job breaking down and lifting tar stains. Spot the test brake cleaner before using, then spray it directly over the tar stain. Use a clean cloth to blot and lift any remnants of the stain.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Use a commercial tar remover. Spray WD-40 on the carpet. Spray brake cleaner on the stain.


There are several strategies called chunking strategies that could give you better results.   This strategy is done by eating your crackers in sets of three, then two, and eating the last cracker on it's own.  Your saliva is absorbed after eating two saltines separately, so when you use this strategy it is said to be easier since half of the challenge is over with in the first go. The next two crackers can be managed, knowing you're almost finished, and the last cracker isn't as daunting since there is only one. There is always a choking hazard with food competitions and this one isn't any different. When stacking the crackers, gently place them wholly in your mouth and crush them between the roof of your mouth and your tongue. It's helpful to first gum the crackers to make sure they're covered in saliva so when you open your mouth the chew there aren't stray crumbs which can fly into your throat and cause you to choke or cough. So eating 2, 2, and 2. You can set the pairs up in three stacks for a more efficient way to pick them up.  This strategy may work for people who can't fit three crackers in their mouth at once but still want to get it over with faster than one by one. Again, the advantage here is that you can crush more crackers at a time with the same amount of saliva. There is less of a choking hazard by placing only two crackers each time, but the gumming technique still applies. This strategy may feel less effective than the 3,2,1 strategy when you have the last two crackers staring you down and your mouth is already dried up from the first two sets. You'll want to stack the crackers first, then take your time figuring out how you will pick them up so none slip out. Finally, you can work on getting them in your mouth gently and efficiently.  You'll have a minute to chew and swallow but the foundation to completing the challenge in time is finding a way to place them in your mouth that works best for you. Avoid breathing with your mouth. You're not really safe from the cracker crumbs until you can...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Try the 3,2,1 strategy. Try pairing the crackers for consumption. Try eating all 6 crackers at once!


There are several suggestions for herbal medicines that are effective at treating coughs and colds.   Elderberry and elderflower has been used to relieve congestion. Slippery elm has been traditionally used by Native Americans to treat coughs and gastrointestinal conditions. Chamomile may be an effective treatment for coughs as it can help to reduce inflammation and mucus production. To make a strong tea, place a generous pinch of each herb into a cup of water in a saucepan. Heat the water and herbs to a simmer on high heat, then cover and reduce the heat. Let the tea steep for 15 to 20 minutes over the lowest heat. Strain out the herbs and reserve 1/2 cup of the tea for the cough drops. You can make DIY molds rather than using candy molds to make cough drops using sugar and a baking sheet.  In a 9 x 13 pan or any cookie sheet, add a few cups of powdered sugar. Use your finger or a measuring spoon to make indentations in the sugar. This is where you will pour the syrup for your cough lozenges. Start by putting the 1/2 cup of herbal tea from Step 1 into a saucepan, then add 1.5 cups of honey and 1/2 teaspoon of peppermint extract.  Use a medium to medium-high heat to heat up the ingredients. Stir constantly to make sure all the ingredients are mixed. Clip a candy thermometer on the side of the pan to monitor the temperature. You will want it to get to about 300 °F (149 °C). This will allow the liquid to harden into lozenges as it cools.  The mixture may get slightly foamy as it heats up. If this occurs, give the cough drop liquid a stir. You will be able to tell once the mixture gets near to the correct temperature as it will thicken. This process generally takes about 30 minutes. Once the liquid is at a temperature of 300 degrees, remove it from the heat. Pour slowly and carefully.  Pour the hot liquid into each of the small depressions in the powdered sugar on the baking sheet you prepared earlier. Alternatively, you can use a greased candy mold. If you don't have a candy mold or don't want to use sugar, you...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Make a strong herbal tea. Prepare sugar molds. Combine all of the ingredients for the cough drops and heat them. Check the temperature of the liquid frequently. Transfer the hot mixture into a Pyrex measuring cup to pour it into your sugar molds. Allow the cough drops to harden and cool in the sugar or candy molds before storing.


There are several symptoms of an anxiety attack, and each person has a unique feeling when an attack happens. In the middle of a panic attack, your body enters “fight or flight” mode. Since this response can't be sustained long-term, an attack generally fades after a few minutes. Nonetheless, some people experience repeated attacks that span hours. The most common symptoms of an attack are:  Racing heart Feeling flushed or hot Debilitating terror Experiencing chest pains Having trouble breathing Experiencing “pins and needles” in the fingers or toes Thinking that you will die Feeling claustrophobic . One of the common side effects of an attack is not being able to catch your breath. Therefore, mastering deep breathing can be one of your strongest weapons during an attack. Try to control your breathing by placing one hand on your belly and the other on your chest. Exhale sharply and let your upper body fall into a relaxed state. Now, breathe in slowly through your nose for 4 counts. You should feel the hand on your belly moving outwards. Pause and hold the breath for 1 or 2 counts. Now, gradually release the air out through your mouth for 4 counts. Repeat the process for several minutes as the natural relaxation response comes into effect. Frequently, panic attacks are set off by feeling overwhelmed in a large group of people. Go to a quiet room or corner where you can feel your back against a wall, grounding you. Sit down if you can, and drink some water. While getting away from your environment may help, you want to try your best to resume your usual activities as soon as possible. You can  stop panic attacks that occur during any activity by learning relaxation and grounding techniques. Derealization and/or depersonalization involve feeling as though you are disconnected from the surrounding environment or from your body respectively. Some people experience these sensations during anxiety attacks.  Grounding techniques are an effective remedy for derealization and depersonalization. Connect with your...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Recognize the symptoms.  Breathe deeply Try to find a quiet place. Reorient yourself to the environment. Fend off anxiety with water. Talk to a friend or someone you trust.


There are several systems of shorthand, and they differ from one another. You need to consider a few different things:  How much time do you have to learn the system? How fast do you ultimately want to be able to write? Is there a standard system of shorthand for your profession? Gregg and Pitman have been the leading competing systems in English shorthand since the 19th century, and both have been adapted to several other languages, as well.  Gregg was developed by John Robert Gregg in 1888 and has since undergone several adaptations. Gregg Pre-Anniversary and Anniversary refer to the system as outlined in 1916 and 1929, respectively. There is a heavy load of symbols to memorize, but the trade-off is writing over 200 words per minute.  Pitman was developed by Sir Isaac Pitman in 1837. New Era Pitman, a streamlined version of the original theory dating back to 1922, is quite complex but also lets you write over 200 words per minute. Since thick and thin strokes represent different pairs of sounds, you'll need a steel-tipped pen to write. Also, you need lined paper, since the lines are also part of the system. Gregg Simplified can still get up to 200 words per minute. This version, introduced by McGraw-Hill in 1949, was the first shorthand intended for business rather than court reporting. There are significantly fewer things to memorize compared with Gregg Anniversary. With these methods you can still write up to 160 words per minute, but they require a significantly shorter investment of time. Unlike symbol systems, where lines, curves and circles represent sounds, alphabetic systems are based on the alphabet. This makes them easier to learn, though you won't be able to achieve the same rapid speeds. Still, a good speedwriter could get up to 120 words per minute. Three examples of these are Speedwriting, AlphaHand, and Keyscript. Teeline is a hybrid system largely based on the forms of the alphabet. It is the preferred shorthand theory of the UK's National Council for the Training of Journalists and is...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Consider decisive factors before choosing a method. Choose Gregg Pre-Anniversary, Gregg Anniversary, or New Era Pitman for maximum speed. Go with Gregg Simplified for fast writing and a moderate learning load. Learn Gregg Diamond Jubilee or Pitman 2000 if you have less time. Use an alphabetic system if you want a fast, easy learning process. Choose Teeline Shorthand if you're a journalist.


There are several theories that emphasize the need for balance to produce wellness in our lives. An aspect of that theory includes spiritual wellness. Spiritual wellness promotes tranquility and harmony within yourself and within your life and is essential for mental wellness. This does not mean that you have to become religious if you aren’t; it means you must find something bigger than just yourself with which to connect. Try connecting to the awe of nature or outer-space, or in the bonds people form with each other. Finding something outside of yourself to connect with will help bring peace to your mind. Spiritual wellness can also help you build on your understanding of your purpose in the world. This will help you find meaning in your everyday life. If you feel fulfilled with your contribution to the world, your mind will be more at peace.  Actions that could help you build your understanding include connecting with others through volunteerism or finding other ways to help and serve others. You may also find meaning in other activities, such as taking care of your family or loved ones, or doing the best job you can at your place of employment. Another way to build spiritual wellness is by acting in ways that support your values and beliefs. To check this, take stock of your current activities and ask yourself if they are in line with what you value. Ask yourself if what the things you do bring joy and meaning to your life. Some practices that can help you to reflect on your values and purpose include meditation and prayer. Start learning and practicing meditation through group classes, books, online resources, or guided meditation recordings.  To try simple meditation, sit or lay somewhere comfortable and visualize a wise, loving, and caring presence surrounding you. Anchor your mind to the feeling of being cared for and having complete trust in the presence.  If you pray, try visualizing your higher power around you and communicate feelings of trust, love, and care.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Connect with something larger than yourself. Find meaning in your everyday life. Act in ways that support your beliefs.


There are several things you will need to do to physically prepare for your endoscopy. Some medications might interfere with the procedure or the results. Make sure your doctor is aware of all medications that you are taking.  If you are on blood thinners, you will need to stop taking them several days prior to the procedure. These medications could increase your risk of bleeding during the endoscopy. You may need to stop taking your blood pressure medication for a few days. Ask your doctor about the specific dosage you are taking. Discuss supplements with your doctor. If you take vitamins or natural medications, make sure that your doctor has that information. Always make sure that you get specific instructions from your doctor before you stop taking any medications that you are currently on. The point of an upper endoscopy is to allow your doctor to examine your upper GI tract. To get a clear picture, your system needs to be free of food and drink. It is necessary to fast before the procedure.  Do not eat any solid food for 8 hours before your endoscopy. You should also avoid chewing gum during this period. Do not drink any liquids for 8 hours before the endoscopy. Ask your doctor if you may have a small amount of water. If you smoke, avoid doing so for at least 6 hours prior to the procedure. It can interfere with the results. Take your medical history into consideration as you prepare for your endoscopy. For example, if you have asthma, take your inhaler with you. You won't be able to use it during the procedure, but you might want it before or after the endoscopy.  Make sure to empty your bladder. Going to the bathroom before the procedure will help you feel more comfortable. Know that the procedure will take about 30-45 minutes. If you wear corrective lenses, think about whether you would be more comfortable in your contacts or glasses. Remove any uncomfortable jewelry. You will wear a gown for the procedure, but bring comfortable clothes to wear home. Make sure that you arrange for someone to take you...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Stop taking certain medications. Fast before the procedure. Be mindful of your needs. Follow your doctor's orders.


There are several to choose from. Some will even let you download their program to use offline. Several sites like cram.com, http://www.flashcardmachine.com, http://www.kitzkikz.com/flashcards/, and https://www.studyblue.com are great free resources. Many online note card creation programs require you to create an account. This is essential so that you don’t lose the information you’ve put in. By creating an account, you’ll be able to access your flash cards from any computer with an internet connection. This means that you’ll be able to look at them on your desktops, laptops, and smartphones. Each site has a place for the key term, concept, or question and then another place for the important information. Some websites like cram.com give you the option of personalizing the aesthetic of your flashcards — adding color or designs. Others like http://www.kitzkikz.com/flashcards/ just have spaces for the information. Every website then has a button to click that says “create flashcards” or “process flashcards”. Click it and start using them. The biggest advantage to a mobile app is that you can take your flash cards with you wherever you go. There are many mobile apps out there that can help you make flash cards. Some are even tailored by subject, such as math and vocabulary. Most apps are free, so try out a couple to see what best suits your needs.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Choose an online flash card creator. Create an account if prompted. Insert all the relevant information. Finish your flash cards. Choose a mobile app to make flash cards.


There are several traditional training styles that you can choose for your tree. Some are meant to resemble a tree in nature, while others are more stylistic. There are dozens of bonsai styles to choose from, although the training container you use may limit your options. Here are some of the most popular:   Chokkan. This is the formal upright form; think of a tree growing strong and straight with branches that stretch evenly around it.  Moyohgi. This is the informal upright form; the tree has a more natural slant, rather than growing straight upward.  Shakan. This is the slanting form - the tree looks windblown and striking.  Bunjingi. This is the literati form. The trunk is often long and twisted, with minimal branches. "Training" the young bonsai tree involves gentle bending of the trunk and branches to guide their growth. Wrap the tree in wire to hold it in this position, as described here:  Use annealed copper wire for coniferous trees, and aluminum wire for deciduous trees. You'll need heavier gauge wire toward the bottom of the trunk, and finer wire for the branches. Firmly anchor the wire by wrapping it around a limb once or twice. Do not wrap too tightly, which can damage the tree. Wrap the wire at a 45-degree angle, using one hand to steady the tree while you work. Trees have different wiring needs depending on the time of year and whether they have just been repotted. As time goes on and the tree grows and begins to take on the shape you have designed, you'll have to rewire the tree and continue to train it until it holds the shape you want without the help of wire. tree. Use a small pruning tool to strategically clip off leaves, buds, and parts of branches to help the tree grow a certain way. Each time you prune, growth is stimulated on another part of the tree. Knowing where to prune and how often is part of the art of bonsai, and learning how to do it takes a lot of practice.  When you transfer from a larger container to a smaller one, trim the roots to the shape of the pot. Don't prune the...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Choose a training style. Train the trunk and branches.  and trim the tree.


There are several types of Chinese stocks that can be bought from non-Chinese exchanges. Different regulations, fees, and procedures apply to each one.  You can research different types of stocks and information about Chinese stock exchanges by reviewing databases such as Morningstar, Barron’s, and Bloomberg. Think about choosing stocks that have the right cost, risk level, diversity, and potential returns for your particular investment portfolio. If you are relying on translated sources for information about the Chinese market, keep in mind that the sources might not be the most current or detailed. Since foreign markets can be particularly complicated, it is a good idea to seek advice from a financial professional before investing in them. When you are ready to buy shares in Chinese companies, contact your broker, who can guide you through the process and answer any questions you may have. With internet-based stock trading, you can also purchase stocks on your own in many cases. Visit your online investment service for details on which options are available to you. Before purchasing any shares in a company, make sure you know and understand any fees, limits, and risks associated with its stock. N-shares are available for Chinese companies incorporated outside of the country, and are usually listed on foreign stock exchanges such as the NYSE and NASDAQ. A majority of the revenue or assets for companies offering N-shares must come from China. American Deposit Receipts, or ADRs, is a kind of representation of a non-U.S. company trading on a U.S. stock exchange. There are a number of Chinese ADRs available to trade.  ADRs are traded like regular stocks (listed and paying dividends in American dollars), and issues such as currency exchange, fees, and taxes may be managed by the bank issuer. Global Deposit Receipts, or GDRs, work much the same way as ADRs in other areas. Exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, are like mutual funds in many ways but have a few key differences, such as the fact that they can be bought and...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Do research to learn which stocks are available and right for you. Contact your broker or investment service when you are ready to purchase stocks. Purchase N-shares. Purchase shares in Chinese ADRs or GDRs. Consider purchasing shares in a China-focused ETF. Consider purchasing shares in a mutual fund with Chinese interests.


There are several types of business loans you can get. You should identify the type you need before talking to a lender. Consider the following options:   Line of credit. You can draw from a credit line whenever you’re short of cash. For example, you might need money to make payroll or pay a vendor. You then pay back what you drew on your credit line. A line of credit is a lot like a credit card.  Installment loan. You can get an installment loan to expand operations. You pay it back in equal monthly installments over one to seven years.  Equipment loan. You get a loan to buy equipment, and the lender takes a security interest in the equipment until the loan is paid back. If you default on your loan, the lender seizes the equipment. Some banks are hesitant to lend to small businesses, but you still should stop in and talk to a loan officer. Discuss your business and ask for the bank’s requirements. You should stop in at least a month before you intend to apply. Visit banks you’ve done business with as well as banks with whom you have no prior relationship. However, local community banks are more likely to lend to a small business than a large national bank. Credit unions have increased the number of business loans they make, so they are a good option for small business owners. You’ll need to become a member of the credit union before you can apply for a business loan, but setting up an account shouldn’t be too burdensome. Credit unions typically offer better rates and lower fees than traditional banks. Online lending has exploded over the past few years and is a good option if your credit isn’t perfect. You can find online lenders at different aggregator sites, such as LendingTree and Fundera. There are many online scammers, so thoroughly research online lenders. Look up the business with the Better Business Bureau and Google the company to check for complaints. Only do business with an online lender that has a street address. In many jurisdictions, the government will guarantee loans. This means they agree...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Determine the type of loan you need. Stop into banks. Check with credit unions. Research online lenders. Research government-backed loans. Ask friends or family for a loan.


There are several types of swings available.  For instance, you might choose a wicker porch swing, a metal porch swing, or a wooden porch swing.  You can get porch swings in a rainbow of colors, so choose a color that suits your porch and pleases the eye. There is no functional difference associated with the different types of colors or materials of the porch swing.  Your choice of swing is entirely based on your personal preference. Chains of stainless or galvanized steel are the most common option.  However, if you’d rather have a hanging porch swing with a more rustic look, you could use marine-grade braided nylon rope or polyester rope.  Your ropes or chains will likely need to be at least seven feet long. If you use rope, ensure it is at least ¾’’ (19 millimeters) thick. Whatever you choose, ensure you obtain two equal lengths of each, one for each end of your porch swing. If you choose to hang your swing with rope, check it regularly for signs of wear like fraying threads. You should plan on your porch swing moving through an arc that extends through about four feet of space.  In other words, hang your porch swing at a spot with at least three feet of space in front and in back of it.  Use a measuring tape to determine where your porch swing would fit best. If you’re hanging a prefabricated A-frame porch swing, you won’t need to look for beams and joists in your porch ceiling, but you will still need to ensure your porch is deep enough to accommodate the A-frame.  Compare the frame’s depth against your porch’s before purchasing.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Choose your swing. Choose between steel chains or rope. Give your swing lots of space.


There are several universities that offer free online lessons. Find audio and video lessons whenever possible so that you can hear the language being spoken.  North Carolina State University offers a series of 24 video lessons that include instruction on script, vocabulary, grammar, and culture, as well as exercises and quizzes.  The University of Pennsylvania offers a series of 20 audio lessons that cover the basics of Hindi grammar. Once you become familiar with the basics of Hindi vocabulary and grammar, you'll need a more in-depth source to learn the more complicated elements of the language. Try to find a textbook that includes audio elements if possible.  Rupert Snell's Teach Yourself Hindi course and book is highly recommended for beginners and includes audio.  Elementary Hindi by Richard Delacy and Sudha Joshi comprises a textbook and workbook with audio CD. Sonia Taneja's Practice Makes Perfect Basic Hindi is a workbook full of exercises to help you build on existing knowledge and practice concepts such as conjugation. Fortunately, there is a wealth of online resources available in Hindi, including newspapers, blogs, and social media. There is also a tradition of Hindi literature dating back to the 760s CE, full of poets, philosophers, and religious writers.   Dainik Jagaran is the most popular Hindi newspaper in India. Other important newspapers published in Hindi include Hindustan, Dainik Bhaskar, and Rajasthan Patrika. The BBC also has a BBC India site.  The Parikalpana Award is an annual award given to Indian blogs, much like the Bloggie Awards in English.  As in most other places, popular social media in India include Facebook, Linkedin, and Twitter. Visiting social media pages in Hindi will give you an accessible “in” to the language and to popular cultural topics. Prominent authors in Hindi literature include Chanda Bardai, author of the Prathviraj Rasau (12th century); Kabir (14th century), a devotional author; poet Ganga Das (1823-1913); novelist Munshi Premchand (19th century); Dharmavir...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Use online lessons to practice your skills. Find a good textbook. Read as much as you can in Hindi. Watch movies in Hindi. Attend Indian cultural events. Find friends who speak Hindi.


There are several varieties of Mod Podge brand products, but Puzzle Saver is definitely the best choice for this job. It comes in a large plastic jar, which is enough for at least a dozen puzzles, and a small plastic jar, which will serve at least a couple of puzzles. Look for Mod Podge Puzzle Saver at craft stores and “big box” retailers with crafting departments. Mod Podge is mostly dry once it goes from translucent white to transparent. Press your fingertip to several spots around the puzzle surface—if the Mod Podge is slightly tacky but not sticky, it’s ready for the second coat. Mod Podge may take slightly longer to dry in humid conditions.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Use Mod Podge Puzzle Saver for the best results. Allow the first layer to dry for 15-20 minutes.


There are several varieties of agricultural lime, each with its own unique chemical makeup and practical application. For the purpose of drying out saturated soil, your best bet will be to use either quicklime or hydrated lime. Both of these products are available at most major gardening stores and home improvement centers.  The supplement known as “quicklime” is actually calcium oxide, while hydrated lime is more accurately known as calcium hydroxide. Both products serve the same function, but quicklime is generally the speedier of the two products.  Avoid using standard agricultural lime. This type of lime is simply pulverized limestone, so it won’t be any more effective than drying amendments like gravel or sand. Choose a pair of gloves that are made from a thick, durable, multi-layered material and are free of holes or excessive wear. Both quicklime and hydrated lime can cause severe chemical burns if they come into contact with bare skin..   While you're at it, it’s a good idea to strap on a facemask to avoid inhaling irritating dust. Long-sleeved work clothes are also highly recommended. Be careful not to touch the lime with any unprotected part of your body, especially if your skin is wet or damp. You can either use a shovel to distribute the lime or apply it exactly where you need it by hand. If you’re dealing with a large, open area, such as a cleared construction site, it may help to use a push spreader or pneumatic bulk truck. Cover each area you want to dry completely.  Try to make sure that the lime is an even thickness over your entire work site. If necessary, you can pile on additional lime in spots with standing water or particularly muddy soil. During this time, the lime will begin to evaporate excess surface water. This gives it a major advantage over slower drying methods like aeration and amendment.. Chop, turn, and dig into the damp dirt to break it up and incorporate the particles of lime still sitting on top. Try to mix the lime to a depth of at least 6 inches (15 cm). The deeper you...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Pick up one or more bags of quicklime or hydrated lime. Pull on some gardening gloves before you get to work. Spread a minimum of 2 inches (5.1 cm) of lime over the surface of the soil. Let the lime sit for 1-2 hours before continuing. Use a shovel, rake, or hoe to work the lime into the soil. Compact the soil if you’re going to be building on it.


There are several varieties of booster seats to choose from. They vary in design, material, and price. Choose one that fits your vehicle, suits your child, and meets your current and future needs.  Backless booster seats do not have a back (as the name suggests), but rest on your vehicle's rear seat. Your child's back is supported by the back of the vehicle's seat. High back booster seats have their own support for your child's back to rest against. These fit within your vehicle's rear seat much like a forward-facing child safety seat. High back booster seats are recommended for vehicles without headrests on the rear seat.  Combination child safety seat/booster seats can be used first as a child safety seat and then converted to a booster seat when your child is old enough or big enough. Booster seats are not latched to your car in the same way that car seats are. Instead, they are held in place by your child's weight and your car's seat belt. For this reason, it is very important to find a booster seat that you child can sit comfortably on. Choose a booster seat that is neither too large nor too small for your child. A booster seat will rest on top of your car's back seat, much like a car seat. It will also be strapped in using the car's seatbelt. Therefore, it is critical that the booster seat fit properly into your car and onto the rear seat. Make sure:  The booster seat fits fully on your car's rear seat, and does not hang over the edge. The booster seat sits flat on your car's rear seat, and is not turned or tilted. At least one of your car's rear lap-shoulder seatbelts (not just a lap seatbelt) is able to fit fully around the booster seat so that you can secure it in place. As soon as you have purchased a booster seat, register it with the manufacturer, according to the instructions that are provided with the packaging. This is necessary to validate the warranty, and will also help the manufacturer notify you in the event that there is a recall on the booster seat.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Shop around and review different booster seat types. Choose a booster seat your child finds comfortable. Make sure the booster seat fits in your car. Register your booster seat.


There are several ways that you can connect your PlayStation 2 to your TV or receiver, depending on the inputs available. Different inputs will provide different levels of image quality. Inputs are typically found on the back of the TV, though they may be found on the side or the front as well.   Composite/Stereo AV - This is the most common way to connect a PlayStation 2 to a TV, receiver, or VCR. Composite cables have three plugs: Yellow (Video) and Red and White (Audio). This cable comes packaged with all new PlayStation 2 models. Newer HDTVs may not support this connection.  Component/YCbCr - This is the best way to connect a PlayStation 2 to modern TVs, as most HDTVs have these inputs. Component cables also provide the best possible picture quality for the PlayStation 2. Component cables have five plugs: Red, Blue and Green (Video) and Red and White (Audio). Component cables do not come packaged with the PlayStation 2. If purchasing a component cable, make sure that it is PlayStation 2 compatible with the PlayStation 2 plug on one end.  S-Video - This input is not very common on newer TVs. It will provide a better picture than composite cables, but not as good as component cables. The S-Video plug is typically yellow and has pins instead of a standard AV plug. The PlayStation 2 S-Video cable has the S-Video plug as well as the Red and White audio plugs.  RF - This is the worst way to connect a PlayStation 2 to a TV or VCR, as it has the blurriest picture quality. RF connects through the TV or VCR's coaxial input (the same input you would use for an old cable box or antenna). Avoid this method of connection unless you have no other options. If you bought your PlayStation 2 new, there should be a composite cable packed in the box. If you need a different cable, you'll have to order it from Sony or buy one online at a store like Amazon. Make sure that you get the PlayStation 2 version of the cable you want to use, as the PlayStation 2 requires a special plug on one end of the cable. PlayStation 2 video...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Examine your TV inputs. Obtain the correct cable. Place the PlayStation 2 near the TV or receiver. Connect the video cable to the back of the PlayStation 2. Connect the other end of the video cable to your TV. Connect the digital audio cable (optional). Connect the PlayStation 2 power cable. Connect an Ethernet cable (optional).


There are several ways to bind a book. If you send your book off to a professional printing press or an online printing company, the cost of binding the book is typically included. If you have your book printed at a print shop, you may request that the company also bind your book. You may also choose to bind your book at home. Individually fold each page down the center. If you printed more than one section of pages, keep the pages separated by section. Restack the papers in the correct order. Using a sewing machine, sew a straight line down the center fold of each section of papers. Begin sewing 1 to 2 inches away from the paper’s top edge; finish sewing 1 to 2 inches away from the paper’s bottom edge. Don’t trim the loose thread, but leave 3 to 4 inches of loose thread on each end. With a needle, Pull the loose threads to the outside of the book. Repeat this process on each section of papers. Once all batches are sewn, pull all of the loose thread from the inside of the book to the outside of the book with a needle. Trim off any excess paper with a paper cutter. If you have multiple sections, place them in the correct order. Align all of the edges. Using a Workmate, secure the book tightly between two pieces of wood. The sewn edges of the book, the side with the loose strings, should be facing up. Measure and cut a piece of scrap fabric. The fabric must be 2 inches longer than the book’s spine. When placed on the spine, there should be 2 to 4 inches of fabric on each side, or wing of the book. Use a brush to apply a coat of binding glue to the sewn edges of the book and adhere the piece of fabric to the spine. Allow the glue to dry before removing the bound book. Measure the length of your book and the width of the front cover, spine, and back cover of your book. Trace out 4 pieces from cardboard. Piece 1 should be the length and width of the front cover. Piece two should be the length and width of the spine. Piece should be the length and width of the back cover. Piece 4 is the length the book and the...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Decide how you will bind the book. Fold, sew, and trim the book at home. Bind the book. Create a cover. Cover the cardboard in fabric. Assemble the book.


There are several ways to roll a basic joint; the method depicted below is a freestyle roll.  Tear out one of the papers from the booklet and fold it in half lengthwise being sure the side with the glue is up.        Twist one of the bottom corners of the paper. This will be the front.        Place the marijuana inside. Distribute it evenly along the length of the paper to ensure an even burn.        Don't overload it or the joint won't close properly.  On the other hand, don't be stingy with the mix or you'll end up with a "pinner." Pick everything up and roll it back and forth until the mix in the rolling paper is evenly dispersed and cylindrical in shape. Lay the filter down in the center at one end of the joint. Putting the filter in before rolling saves hassle and makes it more likely that you'll get a perfect fit.        Proceed to tuck and roll up the back half of the joint.        Lick the sticky strip of the paper and seal the joint. Lightly twist the end of the joint to keep the contents from falling out.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?


There are several websites will search through all regions of Craigslist. These sites vary in the amount of control they offer, but all will allow you to search Craigslist nationwide. Some of the more popular sites include:  Search Tempest ad hunt’r Search All Junk DailyLister Some websites will just provide results for the specific term across all of Craigslist, while others will allow you to specify categories and regions.  For Search Tempest, enter the postal code and the radius you want your search to encompass. If you’d like, you can use the Preferences section to change to a state, region, or worldwide search. You can choose categories and sub-categories before you begin your search. For ad hunt’r, you’ll need to enter your search first. After the results are returned, you will be able to use the filters on the left side of the page to narrow your results to specific areas and categories. Search All Junk is a barebones search site. Enter your search, and then use the tabs at the top of your results list to view different regions. You cannot search through specific categories. Daily Lister allows you to search and specify the category. Once you have a list of search results, you can use the menu at the top to specify the region. You can also choose to search by just the title or the whole post. DailyLister does not search outside of the US. Each service will return results in a different order, and many let your further refine your search. Use the tools available to narrow your search down to something useful for you.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Find a Craigslist searching tool. Enter your search term. Browse the results.


There are so many different color combinations you can do for fancy makeup. If you are going to a more formal event you may want to stick to browns and greys. If you are going to a fun event you may choose to use a shimmery eyeshadow. If you aren't sure what looks best on you, try out some different shades before your party. It is really your personal preference, but here are some guidelines for eyeshadow colors:  For brown eyes: Because brown is a neutral color, you have a lot of options for your eyeshadow. You can go with coppers, purples, and blues. Really, brown eyes can get away with most colors, but usually darker shades look better. For hazel eyes: Pastels and metallics look best for this eye color because they help make light brown eyes sparkle. Heavy shadows can hide the subtle green and gold in your eyes. For blue eyes: Soft tones like coral and champagne often look best on blue eyes. Very dark, smoky looks can distract from your eye color, so sticking to the lighter shades will draw attention to your eyes without distracting from your eye color. For green eyes: Because your eyes have so much color, you don't have to use much color for your eyeshadow to make your eyes pop. Choose eyeshadows in shimmery browns or even a muted purple. Using a color wheel to find your eye color's opposite is a great way to make sure your eyes stand out. For example, orange is blue's opposite, so eye shadows with orange tones will help blue eyes pop, etc.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?


There are so many great benefits to HIIT that you might think you can skip your daily sustained moderate aerobic exercises for only HIIT workouts.  But you might want to only do about one or two HIIT workouts weekly.  Sustained cardio workouts are aerobic exercises that keep your heart rate at a relatively steady level.  Unlike HIIT workouts where your heart rate bounces between medium to high levels.  Although HIIT does offer a lot of great benefits, it can leave your body fatigued and over worked — especially if you're doing these types of exercises on a daily basis.  Sustained cardio comes with its own, different list of benefits including: improved endurance, better and quicker muscle recovery, maintenance of lean muscle mass and a higher likelihood you'll stick with it long-term. If you are doing one or two days of HIIT workouts during the week, you'll need to find other types of aerobic exercises to do during the week to meet the minimum recommended amount of exercise.  Most health professionals will recommend doing about 150 minutes or about 2 1/2 hours of moderate aerobic activity each week or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity, or a combination of the two.  Many HIIT workouts are only 20–30 minutes so you will likely need to do other forms of cardio to make up the difference.  Focus on low- or moderate-intensity physical activity aerobic exercises.  These can help your body recover more efficiently during the week. Try the following types of exercises to meet your 150 minute weekly goal: walking or jogging, using the elliptical, cycling or biking, hiking, dancing or swimming. In addition to HIIT and other types of aerobic activity, it's important to include adequate amounts of strength training.  It will offer different benefits compared to cardio exercises.  Strength training helps you to build and maintain lean muscle mass and helps to support your metabolism.  In addition, strength training helps prevent osteoporosis by supporting your bone density.  Most health professionals recommend doing...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Only do one to two days of HIIT. Include other low- to moderate-intensity cardio exercises. Do  two days of strength training. Include an adequate amount of rest days.


There are some Cricut machines that are made specifically to cut decorative pieces out of gum paste, frosting sheets, and fondant. Once the decorative pieces have been cut and pulled off the mat, you will need to remove all excess gum paste, frosting, or fondant by pulling it off the mat with your fingers. In some cases, the excess can be reconstituted and reused. The decorative food sheets cut with these special Cricut machines are held on to the cutting mat with a thick layer of shortening, not a sticky mat. Once you are done cutting a sheet, scrape as much of this shortening off as possible.  Cricut sells plastic scrapers that can be used on their mats. However, any small plastic scraper, such as those sold for cleaning dishes, will work. Once you cover the mat in dish soap and warm water, scrub it to remove the excess shortening. You may need to scrub the surface of the mat a bit with a normal dish sponge or brush to remove any excess shortening. You should only use cleaners on it that are non-toxic and safe for contact with kitchen equipment, so using warm water and dish soap works well on these mats. Like all other Cricut mats, the Cricut Cake mats should be left out to dry after they are washed. Once completely dry, they can be used again in your machine. Don't use a towel to dry your mat. This can leave fibers on the surface of the mat, which will be transferred to the frosting, fondant, or gum paste you cut.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Remove all frosting, fondant, or gum paste. Scrape off excess shortening with a plastic scraper. Use warm soapy water to clean the mat. Let the mat air dry.


There are some acids and bases that cannot be neutralized and disposed of down the sewer drain. Disposal of the following should be done through the proper hazardous waste collection channels:  perchloric acid concentrated nitric acid fuming (concentrated), sulfuric acid hydrofluoric acid acids or bases with dyes or surfactants acids of bases with heavy metals organic acids and bases that remain toxic after neutralization Strong acids (pH < 2.0) and strong bases (pH > 12.0) must be neutralized before dilution and disposal down the drain. The strength of the acid or base can be determined using a pH meter or pH strips. Strong acids and bases must be neutralized to a pH range between 6.0 and 9.0.  A pH meter directly measures the pH of the solution. pH paper has a color indicator that tells you the strength of the solution. Work in a fume hood (or well-ventilated area) because this process emits noxious fumes. Keep the solution constantly stirring and slowly add sodium hydroxide. This reaction will release heat so it is important that the sodium hydroxide is added slowly. Keep adding sodium hydroxide until the acid is neutralized.  Placing the container in a second container of ice will help avoid overheating and potential injury. You should also wear goggles and a mask to protect yourself from noxious fumes. The process of neutralizing a strong base is the same as neutralizing a strong acid except you use hydrochloric acid instead of sodium hydroxide. Slowly add the hydrochloric acid to the strong base while constantly stirring the solution. This reaction also releases heat, so add slowly and keep the container in a bucket of ice to avoid superheating the container. After neutralization, the pH should be in the range between 6.0 and 9.0. Use the pH meter or pH paper strips to ensure the proper neutralization of the acid or base. If the pH is not in the correct range, continue adding the neutralizing acid or base to the solution until the correct pH is reached. Acid-base indicator solutions can also be used to...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know the acids and bases that cannot be neutralized. Identify the strength of the acid or base. Neutralize strong acids with sodium hydroxide. Neutralize strong bases with hydrochloric acid. Check the pH again. Dilute by adding acid or base to water. Pour it down the drain.


There are some advantages to buying online but finding a bag in person can give you a better feel for what you are getting  Buying online may offer you more choices and a lower price. Shopping in person will enable you to try on the backpack, make sure it fits well, and examine the inside of the bag to see additional features. Backpacks are available at a variety of retailers. Big sellers may offer a lower price but specialty stores have more expertise. Consider these kinds of retailers:  Online vendors like Amazon, these have a large selection and low prices. Online shoe sellers like Zappos carry bags and sometimes offer free shipping and allow you to try on products and return them for free if they don't fit well. Big box stores. Stores like Walmart or Target sell backpacks in physical stores and online. Sporting goods stores. Stores that sell sports equipment usually sell a lot of backpacks. Luggage stores. Retailers that specialize in luggage are a great place to find backpacks. Specialty bag makers. Some companies, like Jansport focus on backpacks. You can buy directly from these companies online or find their bags in stores that carry backpacks. Outdoors stores and backpacking stores. Retailers like L.L. Bean or North Face that focus on outdoor goods stock backpacks and they often have specialized salespeople who can help you select a bag and instruct you about proper fit. It may be tempting to order a backpack online but it is best to try them on in person to make sure they fit and to see other features.  Try on the bag you want to buy to make sure it feels comfortable and can be adjusted to fit well. When viewing bags in person, open the bag to look at inside pockets and features. Often these are not visible in photos on online shopping sites.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Decide to buy online or in person. Choose a store. Try on backpacks in person.


There are some common risk factors for both bacteria and viral infections that cause testicular pain. These risk factors include:  Sexual activity Strenuous physical activity, such as frequent bicycle or motorcycle riding Prolonged sitting, such as frequent travel or truck driving History of prostate or urinary tract infection Benign enlarged prostate or prostate surgery, typical in older men Anatomic defects such as a posterior urethral meatus, which occur in prepubescent boys Testicular pain from trauma, called testicular torsion, includes pain of the testicles and of the epididymis, which is the tube that runs on the underside of the testicles. To evaluate this, it requires a meticulous physical exam. If you have experienced any testicular trauma at all, especially testicular torsion caused by a twisting of the testicles, have it checked because it is a testicle-threatening problem.  Your doctor may check your Cremasteric reflex, which is absent in cases of trauma. This is done by running a reflex hammer along the inner thigh, which will cause the testicle to rise up protectively into the scrotal sac in healthy testicles.  Testicular torsion usually represents itself as an abrupt pain. Age plays a major factor in the determination of infection. Infectious causes of testicular pain include bacterial infection of the testicles and epididymis. This is due to bacteria that make their way up from the rectum, usually in men older than 35 and younger than 14. For young men between 15 and 35, the most common reason for infections of the testicles are sexually transmitted bacteria, such as Chlamydia and Gonorrhea. You will have pain when the area is touched during examination. Your doctor may check to see if elevating the testicles will ease your pain, which is referred to as Prehn’s sign.  Treatment of the infection will help with pain relief and combat any worsening of the infection and potential sepsis. The Cremasteric reflex will still occur with pain due to infections. Orchitis is due to viral infection, which...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Recognize the risk factors. Check for trauma. Diagnose pain due to infection. Look for orchitis. Check for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Look for signs of epididymo-orchitis. Have lab tests done.