Most "warm-season" grasses go dormant and brown in cool temperatures, while "cool-season" grasses will not stay green during summer heat. Decide which type is best for your climate, or consult a local experienced in planting lawns, or based on the current time of year and temperature.  Cool-season grasses, such as Kentucky bluegrass, ryegrass, and fescues, should be sown in autumn, when upper soil temperatures are between 68 and 86ºF (20–30ºC).  Warm-season grasses, such as bahiagrass, centipede grass, carpet grass, and buffalo grass are best sown in spring or summer, when upper soil temperature is between 68 and 95ºF (20–35ºC). If you have one particular look in mind, you may want to pick a single grass species. More commonly, grass seeds are sold in blends (varieties of a single species) or mixtures (combinations of multiple species) to provide better resilience to disease and environmental factors. Browse blends and mixtures to find one suited to your lawn's sunlight levels, your preferred grass texture, drought resistance, and durability to foot traffic. Avoid purchasing low-quality seed blends using the following tips:  Look for advertised germination percentages above 75%, and an expiration date no more than ten months in the past, for best sprouting results.  Look for grass seed containing less than 0.5% weed seeds. Avoid annual ryegrass, which dies permanently in winter. Avoid rough "agricultural" perennial ryegrass, or mixtures that include more than 20% of any type of ryegrass, or it can take over your lawn with its rough texture and appearance.  Avoid grass seeds sold without an identifying variety. Divide large lawns into sections measuring approximately 20 ft x 20 ft (6m x 6m). Work on each section separately, following the steps below for that section before moving on to the next one. This lets you divide your work into multiple work sessions if necessary, while ensuring that every section receives all the care it needs. Spread grass seed using a seed distributor or lawn spreader if possible, to...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Narrow down seed types by climate. Choose a specific seed type. Work on the lawn in sections. Sow the grass. Lightly rake the soil. Stay off the lawn while it grows. Water the seeds. Roll the lawn once the grass is 2–3 in (5–7½cm) tall. Mow the lawn once the grass is 3-4 in (7½–10cm) tall.


Most ASL signs are produced in a space that extends from your temples to your waist. Many signs are in a 'neutral' position, at mid-chest level.  Location and palm orientation matter! When learning signs, pay careful attention to where the hands are located, and which direction the palms face. This affects the meaning of the sign produced. Comfort is important. Arthritis and tendonitis will prevent some from being able to form signs perfectly. If it hurts, adjust your position slightly. Be aware that ASL is not a language only of the hands and fingers. It involves the whole body, including the upper torso, arms, and head. The face is extremely important! Facial expressions can communicate a variety of things. For example, elevated eyebrows when signing means one is asking a question. As you are learning, move in a slow, deliberate fashion. This will help you master the motions as well as make it easier for others to understand you.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know where to hold your hands. Take your time.


Most Americans don't drink enough water during the day, which probably has the biggest negative impact on their kidneys. Being the high-volume filters that they are, the kidneys need adequate water to remove toxins, waste products and unwanted or unneeded compounds from the blood. As such, drinking plenty of water at regular intervals throughout the day will help your kidneys function properly and not get too congested or calcified. Aim for four to six 8-ounce glasses of water a day if you're sedentary, or eight glasses if you're more active or live in a warm climate.  During hot summer months or when exercising strenuously, you need to drink more water than usual to make up for fluid lost by perspiring. Your urine should be fairly clear or straw-colored when you go to the bathroom. If it's any darker than that, then it may be a sign you are dehydrated. Caffeinated beverages (coffee, black tea, soda pop) obviously contain water, but caffeine is diuretic and triggers frequent urination, so they are not great sources of hydration. Stick with filtered water and natural fruit/veggie juices. As noted above, high blood pressure is damaging to blood vessels throughout the body, including the small arteries within the kidneys that are so important for its filtrating ability. As such, keep your blood pressure at a target set by your doctor, which is typically less than 140/90 mm Hg. Blood pressure below this level can help delay or prevent kidney dysfunction and failure.  Check your blood pressure regularly, either at your local pharmacy, health clinic, or at home with some purchased equipment. Hypertension often has no obvious symptoms, so you need to keep on eye on your numbers. Eating a low-salt diet, reducing stress and maintaining a healthy weight all help maintain normal blood pressure. If lifestyle changes don't make a big impact, then blood pressure drugs called ACE inhibitors and ARBs may be able to protect your kidneys by reducing your blood pressure. In addition to watching your calories, getting regular...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Keep well hydrated. Maintain healthy blood pressure. Get regular exercise. Eat lots of fresh fruits and veggies. Consider taking helpful supplements.


Most CVs include your personal information, your education and qualifications, your work experience, your interests and achievements, your skills, and references. Also experienced people tailor your resume to the job you are applying for. Use a modern but professional format. However, there is no set format for a CV, what you include is up to you. Research the company. A good CV is tailored to the specific job and company you are applying for. What does the company do? What is their mission statement? What do you think they are looking for in an employee? What skills does the specific job you are applying for require? These are all things to keep in mind when writing your CV. See if there is any specific information they want you to list in your CV. There might be specific directions listed on the application page. Always double check this. These can be both jobs you hold currently and jobs you have held in the past. Include the dates that you began and ended your term at each particular job. Unique interests or hobbies will make you stand out. Be aware of the conclusions that might be drawn from your hobbies. Try to list hobbies that portray you as a team-oriented individual rather than as a solitary, passive person. Companies want someone who works well with others and can take charge if need be.   Hobbies and interests that paint a positive image: Being the captain of your soccer (or football) team, organizing a charity event for an orphanage, secretary of your school’s student-run government.  Hobbies that imply a passive, solitary personality: watching TV, doing puzzles, reading. If you are going to put any of these things, give a reason why. For instance, if you are applying for a job at a publishing house, put something like: I enjoy reading the great American writers such as Twain and Hemingway because I think their writing gives a unique perspective into American culture at the time they were writing. These skills often include computing skills (are you a wiz at Wordpress? Excel? inDesign? etc.),...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know what information a CV generally contains. Consider the job you are applying for. Check the company’s website for extra information about the CV. Make a list of jobs you have held. Brainstorm your hobbies and interests. Make a list of your relevant skills.


Most Epson printers operate similarly with multiple ink cartridges for every color.   Open up the printer lid, not just the top lid where the scanner is. Make sure that your printer is plugged in and turned on. To change your cartridges, your printer must be powered on. To access the ink carriage, start at the home screen on your printer. Push the right arrow button until you see the “Setup” option. Press “Ok”. Then press the right arrow until you get to the “Maintenance” option. Press “OK”. Press on your right arrow again and scroll through your options until you see the one for “Ink Carriage Replacement”. The ink cartridges will slide to the right side of your open tray. This is the replacement position. In some Epson printers, there will be an ink button identified by a small ink drop icon. Press the ink button to move the ink cartridge into the replacement position. You will then see an ink light begin to flash for the corresponding ink cartridge that needs to be removed. If there are already ink cartridges in your printer, you will have to remove these old ones. Pinch the sides of the cartridge you need to replace. Then lift the cartridge out of the printer. Take the new cartridge from its packaging and remove the protective tape.  Before removing the cartridge from the packaging, shake it a few times to help prime the ink. Don’t shake the cartridge once it’s out of the packaging as it can leak. Remove the protective tab on the ink cartridge. This is a plastic film that covers the part of your cartridge that dispels the ink. There may also be a piece of plastic over the ink nozzle, do not remove this tape or plastic. Be careful not to break the hooks on the side of the cartridges. There will also be a plastic label on the side of the cartridge. Do not remove this label as it will cause ink to leak and the cartridge to malfunction. Be careful not to touch the green IC area of the cartridge or the ink nozzles. touching this area can cause clogs, ink failure, or a disconnection if your fingerprints smudge...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Lift the printer lid to expose the cartridge carriage. Remove any existing ink cartridges which need to be changed from the printer. Remove the new ink cartridge from the packaging. Insert your new ink cartridges. Close the printer’s lid.


Most HP laptop models are fitted with a switch on the side or front of the computer than can be used to turn on the wireless functions. If not on the side or front, the switch may be above the keyboard or on one of the function keys at the top of the keyboard. The switch is indicated by an icon that looks like a wireless tower emitting signals. The indicator light on the key will turn from amber to blue when wireless is enabled.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Power on your HP laptop. Locate the external switch for the wireless function. Slide or press the switch into the on position.


Most Nokia phones come with their own data cables. Use these to plug and connect your phone to your computer. If your phone has Bluetooth, turn it on and have your phone and your computer pair up. If this is your first time to link the two devices, you will be asked for a passcode that you would need to enter in both devices.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Connect with a data cable. Connect via Bluetooth.


Most Pokémon cards have a symbol below the bottom right corner of the Pokémon's image. This symbol identifies the set. Some examples of set symbols include a flower (Jungle set, #2), a hollow star (Neo Genesis set, #8), and the letter 'R' (Team Rocket set, #5). Sets are usually released four times a year. If you have purchased cards from Pokémon International, or possess cards from this series, the set information will be located in lower right hand corner at the bottom of your card. These symbols can be small and easy to miss; look carefully! It'll be easy for you to group all like symbol cards together, but for further organization you'll need to arrange by set number. Each set has a designated number of cards, and each card is numbered within its set. This will help you organize your cards with even greater precision.  You may need to use an online card directory to determine each cards position in a set. Many online set directories will first require you to choose the set category (like Base, Aquapolis, and Jungle) before linking you to the card number directory. The base set of the first cards released in English do not have a symbol. You may want to gather these cards together and arrange them according to HP (hit points) or alphabetic order. Within sets, there are sometimes special cards that have a number higher than the set directory lists. These are "secret rare" cards. For example, you may see a card that is 63/62. This is not an error; this means that you have a special card. You'll find that some of your cards only have a card number and no set number. This indicates that the card is a promotional card, also referred to as a "promo." These are frequently given as a bonus to players when they purchase a deck.  Although promotional cards have no set number, you can still organize these according to card number or release date. You'll have to look up this information online, as there are many promo cards, each with a different number and release date.  You should also keep an eye out for "black star...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Locate the symbol. Separate your cards by set symbol and number. Look for "secret rare" cards. Collect promotional cards together. Place cards in your storage container.


Most SD cards and some USB flash drives have small levers or switches on the casing that control whether the item is writable or read-only, so look for such a lever or switch and move it if necessary.  Especially in the case of SD cards, physical locks often prove to be insurmountable forms of write protection until they're disabled. If your lock mechanism has been broken, you might be able to fix it. Windows and Mac computers use different file systems by default (Windows uses NTFS which is unsupported by Mac), and many flash drives, external hard drives, and SD cards are pre-formatted for Windows use. If you're having trouble using your drive on a Mac computer after using it on a Windows computer, you can reformat the drive by doing the following:   Plug the drive into your Mac.  Change the drive's format to the "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)" format. You may get a write protection error if there is no more space on a drive on which you're trying to write. You can check this by selecting the drive in question in This PC (Windows) or Finder (Mac) and looking at the amount of space remaining on the drive. . A computer virus can change the way that your computer responds to removable storage items, or even render all of your USB items read-only. Running a virus scan should fix any virus-related problems that you're having. Formatting erases the removable item's contents and changes the file system depending on your selected formatting options. Since formatting the item will reset it, formatting should be your last option.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Check the storage item for a physical lock. Make sure that you're using the right file system. Check to see if the drive is full. Scan your computer for viruses Format your flash drive or CD.


Most Simmental cattle have a white face with a brownish-red body.  Other Simmental cattle will be lighter in color, while some will be all black, and others mostly brown or mostly red.  Some that are otherwise all black or all red will have a white face.  In the U.S., where certain traits have continuously been selected for, Simmental are characterized by a wider range of color patterns. While American Simmental are mostly black, they may actually be any color or color pattern – from all black, to spotted or patchy, to all white. European Simmental are red or yellow with lots of white. All Simmental start life as greyish calves with shades of red and yellow hair. Pigmentation around the eyes, as well as the udder and scrotum, are common, especially in the U.S. Nearly all Simmental cattle will have ears that are the same color as their body. Flechvieh-Simmental cattle will range in color from a light buckskin-yellow to a brownish-red.  They will have a white face that almost always has a border line just before the jawline, and a white underbelly.  Some may have a patch over each eye; others may have one patch over one eye. White will likely show on the flank and elbows, sometimes forming a stripe from behind the elbows or from the flank all the way up to the topline. They will have a lot of white on their belly and legs. The tail of a Simmental-Fleckvieh will usually be all white or white half-way down. Simmental cattle do not have a white stripe down the nape of their necks, nor white dewlaps.  If these are present, the cattle are likely Hereford. Some more modern breeds of Simmental will have less white markings and will be mostly darker brownish-red to black.  If they do have some white, it will likely be lower on the leg.  White faces are common in modern Simmental, though they may have different colored eye patches and less white overall. Some Modern Simmental cattle may still have a recognizable white stripe from the shoulder down to the elbows, or from the top of the loins to the flanks. These will...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Recognize general Simmental coloration. Identify Fleckvieh-Simmental cattle. Recognize modern Simmental cattle. Identify Fullblood or Straightbred Simmental cattle.


Most VIN plates appear on the lower left-hand side of the dashboard. Sit in the driver’s seat and look on the dashboard in front of the steering wheel. Alternately, you might be able to see the VIN easier by standing outside the vehicle and looking through the windshield.  The VIN should have 17 characters if the car was manufactured after 1981. Vehicles manufactured before that date had VINs from 11 to 17 characters.  A typical VIN might read 1HGBM22JXMN109186. Pop open the hood and check the front of the engine. Some manufacturers affix a body plate that contains the VIN or a partial VIN (typically the last eight characters).  This plate should be attached to the firewall inside the engine compartment. Sometimes, the VIN will appear on the car frame, near the windshield washer container. You should crouch down in front of the car on the driver’s side and check. The VIN sometimes appears underneath the spare tire, which is usually in the trunk. Pick up the tire to check. The VIN should also appear on the Federal Safety Certification Label which is in all new cars. This label should appear on the driver’s side door in the following places:  On the driver-side doorpost. With the door open, check the spot where the door latches. It should be near the seatbelt return. Inside the driver-side doorjamb. Open the door and look straight ahead. The VIN should be inside the doorjamb, where the mirror is located when the door is shut. Crouch down beside the car, near the rear wheel on the driver’s side. Look up into the well, above the tire. The VIN might be located there, inside the wheel well. Call if you’ve looked everywhere but couldn’t find the VIN. Give them the make and model of your car and ask where the VIN is located. They should be able to help.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Check the dashboard. Look in front of the engine block. Check the front of the car frame. Pick up the spare tire. Check the driver-side door. Peek in the rear wheel well. Call the dealership or manufacturer.


Most accident report forms have a space for you to diagram how the accident took place. If you took photos at the scene, you can use them as a guide to make sure your drawing is as accurate as possible.  Just stick to the specific road or other area where the accident took place. There's no need to include adjoining blocks or side streets if they weren't directly involved in the accident. Make sure you have the correct number of lanes and that any traffic lights or signs are marked correctly. While your drawing doesn't necessarily have to be to scale, you will need to indicate the direction in which everyone was traveling. Find which direction would be north according to the way you've drawn the streets, and mark all four directions on your drawing. For example, suppose the accident occurred at an intersection. You were heading north, while the other car was headed west. Draw an arrow for the cars to indicate the direction in which they're traveling, and write out each of the directions along the four sides of your drawing. Once you have the streets sketched out, draw boxes to represent your own car and any other cars involved in the accident. Number the cars, making your own car number one since you're drawing the diagram. If there were other cars nearby that weren't involved in the accident, you can still draw boxes for them if you want, but don't worry about getting too detailed. Other cars are only really important to the extent that they affected the ability of you or the other driver to avoid the accident. In your diagram, you need to show how the cars impacted each other or other property. Include the point of impact and the approximate speed all cars were traveling. If the speed the cars were traveling is in dispute, make a note of this on your report, but keep your reported facts objective. If you thought the driver of the other car was going faster than they claimed they were going, simply say it appeared they were going one speed, but they claim they were going another speed. If you talked to...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Sketch out the streets. Orient your drawing. Place the cars in the roadway. Include information about the impact. Note the location of any witnesses. Sign and date your accident report.


Most acne treatments take at least 2-3 months to make a noticeable difference.  So it is important to be determined and willing to put in the effort to see results! Also, for people such as you with sensitive skin, it can take even longer to notice a difference...so hang in there! Consistent efforts do pay off. There are a variety that can be applied directly to the areas of skin with acne and can help to reduce or eliminate the acne.  Let your doctor know that you have sensitive skin, and he or she will likely recommend that you start with a smaller amount at less frequent intervals (perhaps every other day, rather than every day). Then, if you have trouble due to your sensitive skin, you can stop the treatment without having caused too much irritation to your skin. Or, if it is going well, you can increase the amount and/or frequency to what your doctor recommends. Any birth control pill that contains estrogen and progesterone will reduce and improve acne, although certain pills may work better for some women than others. Also, given that it is taken as a pill (rather than applied directly to the skin), it is an excellent choice for girls and women with sensitive skin.   The birth control pill provides the added benefit of contraception and reducing menstrual cramping and bleeding, if this is something you are looking for as well. Pills with more estrogen (each type of pill has varying amounts of estrogen and progesterone) tend to be more effective with acne, but they also carry more risk, so talk to your doctor about these options.  Always talk to your doctor first as certain pills and IUDs can actually worsen acne (those with less estrogen). All birth control pills have some level of risk, which is higher if you are a woman who smokes, is overweight, or has certain other medical problems. Antibiotics such as doxycycline or minocycline are often taken in pill form as a treatment for acne. Since acne is related to bacteria on the skin, diminishing the amount of bacteria can in turn improve acne. It can also...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Be persistent. Ask your doctor about topical creams and/or ointments. Try the birth control pill if you are a female who struggles with acne and sensitive skin. Learn about antibiotics that can help with acne. Inquire about other medical options with your doctor.


Most applications require that you send in a tape. Don't stick to showing yourself sitting in your room talking at a camera. Find a friend, co-worker, or family member who knows how to make videos and shoot out in the world. Capture the most exciting moments of your week on film to make your tape stand out.  Say you're auditioning for a singing show. In addition to clips of yourself singing, show yourself hanging out with friends at karaoke nights to make your personality apparent. Narratives tend to sell, so think about a story you can tell with your tape. If you are a cancer survivor, for example, make an audition tape in which you tell the story of your diagnosis and treatment. Most shows require that you fill out some kind of application, either online or a paper application. Make sure you fill everything out accurately and legibly. Application generally ask for basic information, like your name, address, and so on. The sooner you apply, the better. If your application gets in early, it may get reviewed before swarms of other applications overwhelm producers. Send in your application well before the deadline to increase your odds of getting on reality TV.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Make a tape showcasing your unique talents and skills. Fill out the application carefully. Get your application in early.


Most aquarium fish sold in stores are tropical fish. There are many types to choose from, including neon tetras, guppies, and bettas. These fish need a consistent aquarium heater in order to survive. Many warm water fish serve as a beautiful but low-maintenance addition to an aquarium. Maintaining the water temperature is very important for this type of fish. Check the heater often and consider getting an aquarium thermometer. Goldfish and minnows are a few popular fish for aquariums without heaters. Many subtropical fish survive well in cool aquariums. In addition, some tropical fish are hardy enough to live without a heater. Loaches, minnows, danios, and even crayfish and shrimp live in cooler waters.  Coldwater fish tend to be hardier than tropical fish, but they often need more room. A well-kept goldfish will grow much bigger than you expect! Coldwater fish often require a water temperature a little below what tropical fish need. A goldfish, for instance, requires water between 65 and 72 °F (18 and 22 °C). Saltwater fish are a little trickier to maintain than freshwater fish. Saltwater fish tend to be more expensive and require you to keep a close watch on the aquarium’s salinity level. If you are willing to watch the salinity, saltwater fish are almost as easy to care for as any tropical breed.  Some examples of saltwater fish include firefish, yellow shrimp goby, Klein’s butterfly fish, and coral beauty angelfish. Metal components in saltwater will rust over time. Get a tank and equipment designed for use with saltwater to reduce rusting. You may feel tempted to fill your tank with whatever colorful species you can find. Before choosing a fish, read up about what fish go well together. Stick to a limited number of fish from a few species, avoiding any that are territorial or predatory. Try to get fish that originated from the same part of the world, since they are more likely to live together peacefully in nature.  If you’re unsure about which fish to get, ask employees at the pet store for advice. For...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Start with tropical fish if your aquarium is heated. Select coldwater fish if your aquarium isn’t heated. Raise saltwater fish for hardier pets that require more maintenance. Pick fish that go well together in a tank. Pick an appropriately-sized tank for the fish you wish to keep.


Most aquariums have an air stone, which helps to regulate the water temperature in the tank and to aerate the water. If you have an air stone or an air bubbler, use your hand to move your goldfish close to the air source. This will help to give your fish more oxygen and hopefully revive your fish. If you do not have access to an air stone, you can continue to massage the fish’s underbelly in the tank water until he starts to revive, or go purchase an air stone for the fish. Some goldfish owners will do a more extensive revival procedure that uses clean de-chlorinated water, a pure oxygen container, and an air pipe. This can be done if your fish is still alive, but appears lethargic and slow moving. To perform serious CPR on your fish, go to your local hardware store and get the following materials:  An air stone. An air pipe. A pure oxygen container. A large plastic container, big enough for your fish. Plastic cling wrap. Adhesive tape. You will also need access to clean, de-chlorinated water. De-chlorinated water does not contain chlorine or chloramine, and will prevent the build up of ammonia in your fish, which could lead to illness and death. Use enough de-chlorinated water to fill the container half way. To de-chlorinate water, you will need to add a chemical additive called dechlorinator into the tap water. You can buy dechlorinator for under $10 at your local pet store. Follow the instructions on the label to determine how many drops of dechlorinator you will need to add to a certain amount of water. You will then need to connect the air stone to the oxygen container so it can pump pure oxygen into the water. Once it is connected, place the air stone into the container and make sure it sits at the bottom of the container, in the water. Avoid over oxygenating the water by pumping too much oxygen into the air stone. There should be a steady stream of small air bubbles coming out of the air stone.  During the first five minutes, the air should come out strong and steady into the water. After five minutes,...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Move the goldfish close to an air bubbler or an air stone. Use an air pipe. Place the de-chlorinated water in the container. Put your fish in the container. Turn on the pure oxygen and let oxygen into the water. Use the cling wrap to seal the container. Keep your fish in the container for at least two hours.


Most are 10 oz. but some are more 8 ounces and some more than 10. Fill the rest of the mug with milk, up to about 1/2 an inch off the top.  The mix will expand about 5% on heating, so don't over-fill. For an 8 oz cup, heat (on highest setting) for one minute, 45 seconds. For a 10 oz cup, heat 2 minutes, 10 seconds. For the best results, use a double-boiler to steam the milk over the stove.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know the capacity of the mug. Add about one inch of milk and stir to completely mix the cocoa paste and milk. Put the mug in the microwave. Enjoy your hot chocolate!


Most awnings are controlled by automatic buttons on the inside of the RV. Flip the correct switch to open up your awnings. You can use cleaners for automotive tops or all-purpose cleaner safe for fabrics. Purchase this at most camping, car, and home supply stores.  Either product will clean the dirt off of your awnings adequately. Cleaners for automotive tops are often used to clean the roof of a convertible. If your awnings are heavily stained, look at your manufacturer instructions regarding how to launder them. Rinsing off your awnings before you clean them helps remove dirt and grime. Spray water from your hose onto the awnings until they are completely damp. If you are not using a hose, fill a bucket up with water from your sink, and dip a clean towel into your water. Then, rub the damp cloth over the surface of your awnings. You want an even, thin layer over the entire surface of your awning. Pull the trigger to release the cleaning product, and do this repetitively until all of your awnings are sprayed with cleaning solution. Both soft-bristled brushes or foam sponges work well when cleaning awnings. Move your brush or sponge in a quick, circular motion to pull up any dirt or debris from the fabric. Repeat this for all of your awnings. You can attach your soft-bristled brush to your extension pole if you’d like. After you’ve scrubbed your awnings, turn on your hose and spray it over all of your awning. This gets rid of any remaining cleaner and washes away any dirt you lifted up. If you did not use a hose, use a clean towel and fresh water to wash your awnings. Dip your towel in your bucket, and rub the towel over your awnings in a circular motion. This will still remove the dirt even if you aren’t using a hose.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Open your awnings so you can easily clean them. Use a cleaning product safe for fabric to clean your awnings. Wet the awnings using your hose before you apply a cleaning solution. Spray your cleaning solution onto the surface of your awnings. Scrub away dirt using a clean foam sponge or soft-bristled brush. Rinse away any remaining cleaning product or dirt using your hose.


Most babies are pretty easy and willing to be put into a baby walker, but some may be a little resistant. The resistant babies might just be having a bad day and not be interested in exploring something new, or they could possibly be afraid of it.  If they are really adamant about not going in the baby walker, the parent can sit on the floor near the baby walker and hold the baby on their lap so that they can see and touch it. If there are toys on the baby walker, the parent can use an excited voice while playing with the toys in order to get the baby interested. When the baby is comfortable with the baby walker, whether at the initial try or after acclimating, the parent should gently lift the baby and lower them into the seat part of the baby walker.  It is important that each of the baby’s legs goes into a separate leg hole and that their toes do not get caught anywhere. Once the baby’s bottom is resting in the seat of the walker, the parent needs to fasten the restraining belt because it will help to prevent the baby from sliding out of position. If the baby just sits in the walker, it is probably because they haven't yet realized their new ability to stand up without falling.  One way to encourage the baby to stand is for the parent to hold the baby by the waist and stand them up and then move their hands away from the baby.  Another way a parent can encourage standing is to allow the baby to use the parent’s hands to pull themselves up. After several attempts, the baby will usually get the idea that it is safe to stand while in the baby walker. Babies that are not attempting to stand on their own may just need a little more patience and encouragement from the parents. Learning to stand while in the walker is only half of the equation. In order for it to be purposeful, the baby still needs to learn how to get the walker to move.  For most, the initial movement is rather accidental. The excitement causes them to kick their feet and that motion thrusts the baby walker into action. However, other babies...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Work with your baby to help him or her feel comfortable with the walker. Make sure your baby’s legs go where they are supposed to. Encourage your baby to stand. Teach your baby how to move the walker. Be patient. Try to use the walker for just 15 minutes a day.


Most banks won't allow someone not listed on your account to make transactions in your name unless you have given explicit permission. In legal terms, this means granting the person financial power of attorney (FPOA) by signing a legal document stating what transactions the person is allowed to make. By giving someone FPOA, you can authorize them to make withdrawals, write checks for you, and take other actions in your absence.  A limited FPOA puts a limit on what the person can do with your account. You can authorize them to make a few specific transactions if that's all you want them to do. If you want the person to have longer-term access to your account, you can grant a durable FPOA. This enables the person to make decisions for you and handle your finances in the event that you become incapacitated. Most major banks have a specific power of attorney form (sometimes called a third party authorization form) for you to fill out with the details of your situation.  You'll provide information on to whom you're granting power of attorney, which transactions you want the person to be able to take, and for how long they're authorized to have access to your account.  Either visit your bank in person to speak to an agent, or visit your bank's website to obtain a power of attorney form online. Fill out and submit the form according to your bank's instructions. . If your bank doesn't have a specific power of attorney form, you can create your own listing exactly what transactions the person is allowed to make. In order for the document to be legally valid, you will need to follow your state's laws in order to draw it up using the correct language. Execute (sign) the power of attorney form with the person to whom you're giving FPOA.  You may want to have a lawyer help you draw up the form to make sure it's legally sound. The execution of the document must also be done according to your state's laws. Some states require that you have a witness, and others require that you have the document notarized. Once you have...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Look into granting financial power of attorney for limited transactions. Contact your bank for a power of attorney form.  Create your own power of attorney form Present the document to your bank.


Most beaches around the world have a type of beach crab that you can find along the shore. They vary in color, from the typically dark green common shore crab in England to the invasive Asian shore crab that has spread from its natural (and non-invasive) habitat in Asia to the east coast of the United States.  While you can find these crabs on most beaches, the rockier ones tend to be better for finding them, as the crabs like to hide under the rocks. Make sure you bring along a pail and small trowel or gloves. You don't really want to pick up the crabs with your bare hands, because they can pinch you, even the little crabs. The really small shore crabs can hide under little rocks, or burrow into the sand, but the best places to find them are under larger rocks. They like to hide under these rocks and when you turn the rock over, they tend to go scurrying into the protection of the sand.  For example, the shore crabs of the Pacific Northwest, in the United States, (called Hemigrapsus nudus and H. oregonensis) can be easily found beneath rocks. They range from smaller than a fingertip to the size of a half-dollar. You can also often find Hermit crabs on rocky shorelines. Look in tide pools and beneath rocks. This is where the crabs tend to collect to feed and move around. Tide pools are great places to find all kinds of marine life, including shore crabs. If you find a tide pool and you don't see anything at first, keep watching. There's always something going on a tide pool. Put a little bit of wet sand in your bucket so that the crab doesn't dry out. You can watch it burrowing around in the sand and scuttling side to side, in the manner that crabs move. This is an especially fun activity to do with children at the beach. Handle the crabs gently, especially the small crabs. They do have hard shells, but they are still delicate to human handling. Don't take crabs home as pets. Most places have laws and rules against removing the wildlife, which are so important to maintaining a thriving ecosystem. The little...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Go to a beach. Find a large rock. Check out any tide pools. Pick up the crab and put it in your bucket. Put the crab back.


Most beginning singers feel themselves singing through their throat, and they can feel the pressure in their head and neck as they sing. While this may feel natural, it is the wrong way to sing if you want to sing beautifully. Focus instead on your chest so that you feel it vibrating as you sing. You should feel pressure in your chest as if your voice is coming from your pectoral muscles.  This is easiest if you are correctly breathing through your abdomen. Think of singing from your diaphragm (the muscle under your lungs that controls breathing) if you are having trouble singing from your chest. Typically, beautiful singing is both “clear” and “resonant.” Everyone has a different definition of beautiful, but there is some common ground between all the best singers. Think about the singers you admire and the type of music you want to sing, as you develop your beautiful voice.  "Clear:" The listener should be able to hear the words and notes without strain. "Resonant:" Resonance is the deep, almost subconscious vibrations that all beautiful singers access. Think of the long, powerful, and sustained notes of singers from Aretha Franklin to Luciano Pavarotti. At the core of beautiful singing is the ability to create resonance, which is when your notes take on a rich, full sound. Listen to any opera singer to hear resonance at its best. Your voice echoes in your chest, mouth, and throat to gain depth. When you are singing with resonance, you feel a slight buzzing or vibrating feeling.  To develop resonance, think about your voice's “placement.” Where do you feel the sound coming from? How does it move as you open your lips or move your tongue? Everyone is different, but there are some tips to keep in mind:  Start by humming a simple “ee” sound. “Move” this noise up and down from your chest to your mouth. These are your resonators. Move your tongue down towards your bottom teeth, opening up your mouth and making the biggest space you can.  Never “swallow” your vowels, or sing from the back of your throat. When you...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Sing from your chest. Aim to make your voice sound clear and resonant. Learn to hone your “resonators". Sing songs within your range or comfort zone. Hire a voice teacher for personalized, guided advice.


Most binoculars have glass lenses, which generally provide better image quality. Glass also partially reflects the light that hits it, although this can be compensated for with the right coating. If image quality is your highest priority, make sure the binoculars you plan to buy have glass lenses.  Note that glass lenses are also typically more expensive than plastic lenses. Binoculars made with Extra-low Dispersion (ED) glass produce the most high quality image, though these are also one of the most expensive types of lens material used in binoculars. Lens coatings are described with the following codes: C means that only some surfaces have been coated with a single coating layer; FC means that all glass lens surfaces other have been coated; MC means that some surfaces have been coated with multiple layers; and FMC means that all glass lens surfaces have been coated with multiple layers. Multiple-layer coatings are generally superior to single coatings but add to the cost of the binoculars. Plastic lenses might not give you the most quality image, but they’re much more rugged than glass lenses. If you intend to use your binoculars mainly outdoors and in rugged conditions where durability is an important factor, choose a pair with plastic lenses.  For example, binoculars with plastic lenses are the best choice for activities such as hiking and mountain climbing, or for children who are handling binoculars for the first time. Note that while plastic lenses are generally inexpensive, a set of plastic lenses that provide the same image quality as a set of glass lenses will cost more. The eyepiece lenses should rest a comfortable distance from your eyes, and even further if you wear glasses. This is called "eye relief" and normally ranges from 5 to 20 millimeters (0.2 to 0.98 inches). If you wear glasses, you'll need an eye relief of 14 to 15 millimeters (0.55 to 0.59 inches) or greater, as most eyeglasses rest from 9 to 13 millimeters (0.35 to 0.5 inches) from the eye. Many binoculars include rubber eye cups...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Choose glass lenses for better quality images. Opt for plastic lenses for durability. Evaluate the eyepieces. Test the focusing function. Look at the prism design to gauge how good the images will be. Check out the manufacturer's reputation and guarantees.


Most blinds can be removed by 1 person, but if the blinds are very heavy or very long, you may want to ask another person to keep both hands on the headrail while you undo the brackets. This will help prevent damage to the blinds. Wooden blinds tend to be heavier than plastic blinds, so you may want to ask someone else to help with these. For most mini blinds, you will have 2 brackets, 1 on each end of the blinds. If your blinds are very long, however, you may also have center support brackets in the middle. If you have center brackets, undo them first before opening the brackets on the end of the blinds. On the bottom of the bracket is a small opening where the bracket closes. Press up against the bottom of the bracket until the hinged front panel springs free. Lift this panel up as far as it will go. Older blinds may be more difficult to open by hand, so you may need a flat head screwdriver instead. Slide the screwdriver under the panel and use gentle pressure to pop the panel open. Press and slide the front panel away from the wall until it pops out of the bracket entirely. If it is difficult to slide the panel out with your hands, use a pair of pliers to pull them out. If you are just cleaning or moving the blinds, slide the panels back into the bracket to keep them safe until you are ready to put the blinds back. Once both brackets are open, hold onto the blinds with both hands. Pull the blinds out towards you to remove them from the brackets. You may now clean or replace the blinds. If you are temporarily removing the blinds, place a piece of masking tape on the headrail and write down where the blinds belong so that you can remember where to put them.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Ask another person to hold the blinds if they are very large. Remove center brackets first if you have them. Snap open hinged brackets with your hands or a screwdriver. Push sliding panels to the side with your hands or pliers. Slide the blinds out of the bracket.


Most blood blisters will heal on their own over time, but keeping the area clean and dry will allow the healing process to proceed as quickly as possible. Keeping it exposed to the air helps the healing process, but also limits the chances of infection. If your blood blister is in an area that would normally be rubbing up against something, such as your heel or toe, take precautions to limit the friction against the blister. It is more likely to tear or burst if it is subject to a lot of friction, which is caused when it rubs up against another surface, such as your shoe. Using a donut-shaped moleskin or felt pad is the most straight-forward way to do this. You can get donut-shaped pads made of thick adhesive felt or moleskin to reduce the friction while still leaving the blister exposed so it heals more quickly. Make sure that you position the blister in the center of the pad to relieve the pressure and friction. Blisters that rub against something regularly, such as those on the feet or fingers, can be covered with a loose bandage for additional protection. Bandages lower the pressure on the blister and reduce the friction, the two key things in helping a blood blister heal and lowering the chances of infection. Be sure to use a sterile dressing, and change it regularly. Before applying a dressing clean the blister and surrounding area. If the blister is extraordinarily large, make an appointment with your doctor. These blisters do sometimes need to be drained, and it is best to do so under professional supervision to prevent infection.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Keep it exposed to the air. Reduce any friction or pressure. Protect it with a bandage. Continue your blood blister treatment until the area heals completely.


Most blues music has four beats in a bar, use three four-bar phrases, and are built on the 12-bar blues form. Knowing this basic form will lay the foundation for your song. While most blues music follows these three rules, remember that your music can be anything you want it to be, so feel free to play around and make any changes you want. Your chord options are A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. Blues music uses only 3 chords: The tonic (chord 1), the subdominant (chord IV), and the dominant (chord V), so choose your three favorite chords to use. For example, if your first chord is C, then your fourth would be F because it is the fourth from the main one. Your fifth cord would be G because it is the fifth from the main one. After you have established the three cords you will use, you want to create your bars. There are four beats in each bar and there is a basic pattern for these bars that blues music follows.  The form is pretty simple. Your first bar is 1 (tonic), 1 (tonic), 1 (tonic), 1 (tonic). The second bar is 4 (subdominant), 4 (subdominant), 1 (tonic), 1 (tonic). Your third bar is 5 (dominant), 5 (dominant), 1 (tonic), 1 (tonic). A new bar is indicated with | so the form is written as 1 1 1 1 | 4 4 1 1 | 5 5 1 1. If you were working with the key of C your first three bars are CCCC | FFCC | GGCC  Just like that you’ve created a 12 bar blues form! You have four beats in your bar and three bars, which all adds up to be 12.  Listen to Robert Johnson’s  “Crossroad Blues” or  “Sweet Home Chicago” for some examples of the A A B / 12-bar blues form.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Understand the basics. Decide which chords you will use. Create three bars. Apply the form to the key you picked.


Most boat supply stores carry gelcoat polish. The label on the polish you choose should tell you exactly how much to use. However, you don't want to use too much, since you'll be working in small sections, no bigger than 1 ft (0.30 m) square. Hold the cloth with the polish on it in your dominant hand. Then use small circular motions to rub the polish into the gelcoat. Continue rubbing until the surface gets a glassy shine. As you finish polishing each section, move to the same size section directly next to the section you just finished. Repeat the process for applying the polish all along the hull. Then drop down to just below your last section and begin moving in the opposite direction.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Pour a small amount of polish onto a soft cloth. Rub the polish into the gelcoat. Move along the hull horizontally.


Most boutiques sell unique clothing, jewelry and accessories, but others could also offer home items like candles or knickknacks. What items do you have a natural eye for? What are you passionate about that others are interested in, too? Look for a niche in the market that you think is unfulfilled, or an item or style that your boutique could provide that others aren’t. Don’t worry if it takes a while to figure out what exactly to sell. You might even start selling different items before you hone in on what works and what doesn’t. Be patient and embrace failure as a way of learning. Look up established boutiques that sell the products you’re interested in stocking, or have a similar style to what you’d like to establish. Look over their website carefully and note down anything you think they’re doing well. Then, write down ways your boutique could be different or even better. Knowing your competition can help you brainstorm ways to stand out from the crowd.  For example, if you’re interested in selling bohemian style clothing and jewelry, search for “boho boutiques.” Click through each website’s information pages and products and see what the checkout process is like. Don’t be intimidated by established boutiques! Let their success inspire you to create a business that’s even better. Using the market research you did on your competitors, determine rough prices that you can charge for your products and their popularity at other retailers. Determine about how many people will be buying your products when you just start out--whether you have a small following already, or are starting from scratch. Then, estimate your costs, like rent, insurance, internet bills, and the costs of buying items from designers. Compare your cost and revenue estimates side by side.  You might see that your costs are higher than your revenues. Don’t panic! This is where loans and investors come in. As you grow your customer base, your revenue will grow. These financial plans are just estimates, so it’s okay if they end up being wrong....

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Decide on a product to sell. Research similar boutiques to make sure yours is unique. Draw up a preliminary budget. Write a rough business plan. Take out a bank loan Show your business plan to investors. Keep a “day job” to cover costs while you get your boutique started. Register your business to officially start your boutique.


Most box cakes come with a simple frosting as a topping. However, you can spoof this up by applying the frosting and then adding a variety of ingredients on top. Some possibilities include:  Breaking up Oreos and sprinkling them on top of the frosting. Putting whip cream on top of the frosting. Adding blueberries or another type of berry to the top of a boxed cake. Homemade frostings often take simple boxed cakes to a whole new level. By creating your favorite frosting, you’ll add your own unique character to a generic cake. Consider:  Adding several tablespoons of cream cheese to the pre-packaged frosting and putting it on top of the cake. Whipping up a chocolate frosting (or applying store-bought pre-prepared chocolate frosting) and topping your boxed vanilla cake with it. Substituting frosting for whip cream and adding strawberries or another fruit to the top of the cake. While baking a double layered cake might seem very complicated, you can easily turn a single-storied cake into a layered cake. To create your layer cake:  Bake your cake as the box instructs. Slice the cake into two layers. Do this by cutting the cake halfway up. For instance, if the cake is two inches tall, cut it at one inch. Remove the top layer. Add your frosting and toppings to the bottom layer. Place the top layer back on the cake and add frosting to it.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Add toppings on your cake. Create a homemade frosting. Create a double-layered cake.


Most bread bowls are made using sourdough, but French bread could also be tasty. Turn the bread roll on its side, and use your bread knife to slice the top part off. Set the top part you just cut off to the side. This will become the lid for your bread bowl later on. Be careful not to cut all the way through the bottom of the bread. You can use a bread knife or a paring knife for this. It should peel away from the bottom. If you want, you can hallow out the sides using a spoon or your fingers. Be careful not to make the inner walls too thin, however. You can use these cubes for dipping into the soup or sauce. If you want, you can place the lid on top to keep the soup or dip warm. Serve the bread bowl with the bread cubes for dipping.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Get a round, 6 inch (15.24) wide bread roll. Slice the top third off with a serrated bread knife and set it aside. Cut a circle inside the bread bowl, about ¼ to ½ inch (0.64 to 1.27 centimeters) away from the edge. Pull the circle out. Consider cutting the bread circle you pulled out into cubes. Pour the soup or dip into the bread bowl.


Most building codes require that balusters are no more than 4 inches (10 cm) apart. So, if you want them to be 3 inches (7.6 cm) apart, for instance, take one of the thin strips of wood you had cut. Screw the square end of one baluster to the flat surface 3 inches (7.6 cm) from one end of the strip, and another 3 inches (7.6 cm) from the other end of the strip. Screws that are 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) to 2 inches (5.1 cm) should be fine. Space the other balusters evenly along the strip between the two you already attached. Drive screws that are 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) to 2 inches (5.1 cm) through the strip and into the ends of the balusters.  For instance, you could spread your balusters every 3 inches (7.6 cm) along the strip, then screw them in. If measuring out the place for each baluster seems too tedious, take advantage of an online deck railing calculator to do the hard work for you. Once you have the tops of the balusters attached to one of the strips, lay another one along their bottoms. Drive screws that are 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) to 2 inches (5.1 cm) long through it into the balusters. This will hold them all securely in place.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Attach balusters near the ends of a thin strip of wood. Position the other balusters and attach them to the strip. Screw another thin strip to the bottom of the balusters.


Most bulletin boards are plain. They consist of a simple wooden frame with an even simpler cork board. Your board does not have to be so simple. You can paint it or cover it with fabric to make it even more special. This section will give you some customization ideas. You do not have to use all of the ideas in this section. Choose one or two that appeal the most to you. Measure the height and length of the cork part. Do not include the frame in your measurement. Cut a piece of fabric according to your measurement. Cover the entire cork part with Mod Podge using a paintbrush or foam brush. Press the fabric down onto the Mod Podge and smooth out any wrinkles. Let the Mod Podge dry before you use your board.  You can also glue your fabric down using spray adhesive. Cover the frame with painter's tape first, then spray both the fabric and the cork part with glue. Press the fabric down onto the board and smooth out any wrinkles. Remove the tape.  You can also use wrapping paper for this. Keep in mind that any holes you make in the paper using pushpins or thumbtacks, they will stay. Cover the frame part with painter's tape. Next, paint the entire cork part using acrylic paint or spray paint. Remove the tape, then wait for the paint to dry. Depending on the brand you used, this may take anywhere from 20 minutes to two hours. You may need several coats of paint to get the texture and color you want. Wait each coat to dry before applying a new one.  Use a foam brush or paintbrush to apply the acrylic paint. If your board is very large, use a foam paint roller instead.  You can also use chalkboard paint. Paint your board with a paint primer first, then apply two to three coats of chalkboard paint. Once the paint dries, cover the entire board with chalk, then wipe the chalk off. This is known as "priming." Place a stencil down where you'd like your design. Use a foam brush or a stencil brush to tap some acrylic paint over the stencil. Carefully remove the stencil before the paint dries. Allow the paint to dry (at least...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Consider customizing your board. Give your board a fresh look by covering the cork part with fabric. Make your board more colorful by painting the cork part. Stencil your board. Add a border around the cork part, just inside the frame. Paint the frame. Decorate the frame. Make your own bulletin board using a corkboard and a fancy frame.


Most capacitors are protected from damage by a metal cover on the exterior of the motor.  The cover must be removed to access the capacitor for inspection and testing.  A visual inspection might indicate oil leaking from the container, bulges in the container, or any holes in the container, burnt smell or smoke residue — all potential problems. Electrically checking a capacitor can be done with the ohm meter.  Placing the test probes on the capacitor terminals, the resistance should start low, and gradually increase as the small voltage supplied by the meter's battery gradually charges the capacitor.  If it stays shorted or does not rise, there is probably an issue with the capacitor and may need to be replaced.  The capacitor will have to be allowed 10 or more minutes to discharge before attempting this test again. Some motors have centrifugal switches used to switch the start / run capacitor (or other windings) "in" and "out" of the circuit at a specific RPM.   Check the switch contacts are not welded closed or are contaminated with dirt and grease that could prevent a good connection.  Use a screwdriver to see if the switch mechanism and any spring can be operated freely. A "TEFC" type motor is a "Totally Enclosed, Fan Cooled" type.  The fan blades are behind metal guard on the back of the motor.  Make sure it is securely fastened to the frame and is not clogged with dirt and other debris.  The openings in the rear metal guard need to have full and free air movement; otherwise, the motor will overheat and eventually fail. Check that drip-proof motors are exposed to directed water spray or moisture, and that open motors aren't exposed to any water or moisture at all.  Drip-proof motors can be installed in damp or wet locations, so long as they are installed in such a way that water (and other liquids) can not enter due to gravity and must not be subjected to a stream of water (or other liquids) directed at or in it. Open motors are, as the name implies, completely open.  The ends of the motor have rather...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Check the start or run capacitor used for starting or running some motors, if equipped. Check the rear bell housing of the motor. Check the fan. Choose the right motor for the conditions in which it will be run.


Most cases are related to chronic inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease and tuberculosis. Others may result from diverticulitis, tumors, or chronic trauma. A surgery or an injury can lead to the production of a fistula, too, as in the case of biliary or arteriovenous fistulas.  Recto-vaginal fistulas may be secondary to Crohn's disease, obstetric injuries due to birth, radiation therapy or cancer. Fistulas in children or infants are mostly congenital affecting boys more than girls. Any fistula generally comes accompanied by these symptoms:  Constant discharge (pus) Pain (related to infection) Bleeding Pain in the abdomen Diarrhea Loss of appetite Weight loss Nausea and vomiting A fistula, by definition, is a tube-like tunnel with 2 openings: 1 primary opening leading to another exterior opening called the secondary opening. Many types of fistulas are known, but 90% of all fistulas are anorectal fistulas. Physically, they can take on the following forms:   Blind Fistula: A link between two surfaces; one end is closed and the other is opened. This can turn into a complete fistula if untreated.  Incomplete Fistula: A link has only one external opening.  Complete Fistula: A link between an internal opening and external opening.  Horseshoe Fistula: A link in a U shape, between two external openings around the anus. Unfortunately, a fistula's symptoms isn't where the problem stops — it can also lead to its own complications. They are the following:  Secretions that produce inflammation around the anal area Tumors of the anal canal Radial fungus disease (very rare) Exposure to severe trauma Cracks around the anal area Infections of the digestive tract Because of this, it is highly advised that you clean the anus well after using the toilet, observe the rules of public safety and personal hygiene, and use wipes after using the toilet and throw away after each use.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know the causes and predisposing factors. Know the signs and symptoms. Know the different types of fistulas. Know the complications of an anal fistula.


Most cases of gastroenteritis are linked with the invasion of infectious agents like bacteria and viruses. Bacterial or viral infection causes diarrhea and other symptoms by triggering the inflammation of gastrointestinal tissue.  These agents tend to elevate the amount of fluid in the intestine and colon by altering the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract in absorbing water and by speeding up the motility of ingested food items which leads to diarrhea. It can also damage the intestinal cells either directly or indirectly through its secreted toxins. Many kinds of viruses can trigger gastroenteritis but the most frequent types are the following:  Norovirus (Norwalk-like virus). This is the most common type of virus that affects school age children. It may trigger epidemics in hospitals and cruise ships. Rotavirus. This is the usual cause of severe gastroenteritis among children but can also affect adults who made contact with those children carrying the virus. It may also infect those individuals living in nursing homes. Astrovirus. This causes gastroenteritis, predominantly diarrhea in children under 5 years old and has been reported in adults. Enteric adenovirus. This also causes gastroenteritis aside from respiratory infections. Signs and symptoms associated with gastroenteritis commonly appear within 4 to 48 hours following exposure to infectious agents or contact with contaminated food or water supply. Symptoms may include:  Abdominal pain. Chills, sweating and clammy skin. Diarrhea. Fever. Joint stiffness or muscle pain. Nausea and vomiting. Poor feeding or loss of appetite. Weight loss. The prevalence of gastroenteritis is globally-high as it is almost impossible to avoid exposure with any of the identified causes of the disease throughout your entire life. However, some individuals are more vulnerable to gastroenteritis, for example:   Individuals who are immunosuppressed. It may involve infants, children, adults and elderly as they may have underdeveloped or weakened immune system which...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Understand what causes stomach flu. Know which viruses can trigger gastroenteritis. Recognize the symptoms of stomach flu. Understand the risk factors for stomach flu. Be aware of how the virus is transmitted from person to person.


Most cases of hoarseness are caused by talking too much, particularly if you have to constantly raise (strain) your voice to be heard — noisy restaurants/bars, concerts and industrial environments can easily trigger a short-term bout of laryngitis; however, laryngitis from overuse heals pretty quickly, so resting your voice for a day or two is often the most important first step in getting your voice back.  If you find yourself at a noisy venue, either talk less or get closer to the ear of  the person you're trying to converse with. Avoid shouting and having to repeat yourself. In addition to hoarseness or voice loss, other symptoms of laryngitis include: a dry throat, sore throat, a tickling sensation in the throat that triggers a dry cough, and mucous build-up in the throat. Keeping yourself well-hydrated will keep the mucus membranes of your throat moist, which helps to reduce inflammation and discomfort. With less irritation, you'll find yourself coughing and clearing your throat less often — which are factors that can prolong bouts of laryngitis/hoarseness. Avoid carbonated water because it can further tickle your throat and trigger a coughing spell.  Start with drinking eight 8-ounce glasses of purified water per day to rehydrate yourself and keep the mucus membranes of your throat/larynx moist. Dairy-based beverages can thicken mucus. Sugary drinks may increase mucus production and should be avoided. Consider warming some water (not too hot) to loosen nasal and throat congestion, adding a little honey and lemon. Honey can soothe a sore or irritated throat, while lemon juice is a mild antiseptic that can combat infections, as well as clear mucus from your throat. Infections of the throat can also lead to laryngitis. Viral infections are the most common, although bacterial and fungal (Candida) infections can trigger hoarseness also. If you suspect your laryngitis is caused by an infection, then gargle with antiseptic solutions that are able to kill a variety of microorganisms. A 1/2 teaspoon of salt in a...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Rest your voice. Keep hydrated. Gargle with an antiseptic solution. Suck on lozenges. Breath moist air. Avoid whispering. Avoid throat irritants.


Most cases of sunburn are classified as first degree burns, which can be treated at home with the above advice and staying out of the sun for awhile. However, extreme sun exposure can also cause second and third degree burns, which need medical attention and treatment. Second degree sunburn is characterized by blistered and wet looking skin, redness and damage to the entire epidermis and upper layers of the dermis. Third degree sunburn is characterized by flayed and dry looking skin, dark red or ashen color and destruction of the entire epidermis and most of the dermis. Skin sensation is usually diminished with third degree burns.  Second degree sunburns heal within 10–21 days, typically without any scarring. Third degree sunburns often need skin grafts to heal and always leave scarring.  Other reasons to see a doctor after a sunburn include symptoms of dehydration (see above) or heat exhaustion (heavy sweating, faintness, fatigue, weak but rapid pulse, low blood pressure and headache).  For children, as a general guideline, seek medical attention if a blistering sunburn covers 20% or more of their body (a child's whole back, for example). . Moderate-to-severe sunburn typically involves skin blistering, which is a natural protective reaction of your body. If you notice blisters form on your sunburned skin, don't pick at them or break any. Blisters contain your natural body fluid (serum) and form a protective layer over the burned skin. Breaking blisters also increases the risk of infection. If you have minimal blistering on accessible body parts (like your forearms, for example) then cover them with dry, absorbent bandages. However, if you have lots of blistering and its on your back or other inaccessible areas, then get your doctor to care for them. Your doctor will likely apply some antibiotic cream and dress the blisters properly with sterile bandages to limit the risk of infection, minimize scarring, and promote healing.  Change the bandages one to two times daily (if accessible), but remove them...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know when to see your doctor. Get your blisters properly treated Consider silver sulfadiazine cream.


Most cemeteries these days have websites with the grave site decorating rules listed; if the one you're visiting does not, you'll need to call the office or city in charge of the cemetery. Every cemetery has different rules for decorating grave sites, and you need to know what rules apply before you decorate. What you place on the grave site will often be limited to just the grave site, meaning you can't encroach on any graves next to the one you're decorating. Even if you have space around the site, most cemeteries will limit what you place to your site. Some cemeteries will not allow you to place flags on grave sites at any time. In turn, they may put out flags on certain holidays, such as Memorial Day. Most cemeteries will allow fresh-cut flowers at any time. However, some limit the times that you can use silk flowers, such as not allowing them in the summer. Others will allow potted plants, but only if you maintain them. Anytime flowers become faded or die out, the cemetery will likely remove them.  You may also be allowed to plant a small bush or flowers in the ground over the grave, but this practice varies from cemetery to cemetery. In general, you must maintain them yourself and make sure they stay within the grave site. If the plants die, they'll likely be removed.  Similarly, other cemeteries will allow wreaths at certain times of year, such as winter wreaths only during winter months. Often, to place a wreath, you'll be required to use a tripod. Some cemeteries allow you to place holiday-related decorations. However, you'll usually have to place them and remove them within a certain time frame. Some cemeteries do not allow any other type of decoration. Items such as food, statues, rocks, lights, stuffed animals, and so on may or may not be allowed, so check before you bring them. Some cemeteries have more restrictive rules on mausoleums than grave sites. In other cemeteries, the reverse is true. Make sure you check the rules for the correct type of grave. For instance, some sites do not allow you...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Contact the cemetery. Understand the space limits. Ask about flags. Pay attention to the rules about flowers and plants. Look for information about holiday decorations. Ask about other types of decorations. Know that mausoleum rules may be different from grave site rules. Check where you can place vases and other containers. Don't leave anything that is irreplaceable.


Most charitable organizations have steps for you to follow when you are donating money. You can usually mail a check or money order. Many organizations also provide secure ways for you to make your donation online.  Make sure to specify whether or not you are making an anonymous donation. You should also specify whether you are making the donation on behalf of a group. Many organizations also offer choices of where your money goes. For example, for cancer research, you could choose to donate to research or specify that it goes to families of children with cancer. Decide ahead of time where you would like to direct your funds. Many people like to claim a tax deduction when they donate to charity. You can print off forms online so that you can provide your donors with a receipt. Just make sure that you understand how to fill out the forms in case your donors have questions for you. Keep any receipts for money you personally spend on your fundraiser. These expenses might be tax deductible, too. It takes a lot of effort to effectively fund raise. Chances are, if you've raised a lot of money, then you have had a lot of help. Make sure to take the time to personally thank each member of your team. You should also try to thank each donor. Try writing thank-you notes. People love to receive something in the mail other than bills!

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Follow procedures. Keep your records. Say thank you.


Most cheeses actually go well with sweet items, such as fruit. The next time you are eating or serving cheese, consider choosing two to three types of fruit to go with it.  Try dried fruit with hard cheeses, such as apricots, cherries, and figs. Try fresh fruit with fresh cheeses, such as apples, dates, figs, apricots, and plums. Cheese does not have to be paired with just fruit, nuts, or wine. You can also pair different types of cheese together. The next time you are eating or serving cheese, consider pairing three to five different types of cheese, all with different textures and flavors. Just remember to start eating the mildest cheeses first, and work your way towards the sharper ones. For example, you could try:  A soft, creamy cheese, such as Brie. A nutty, textured cheese, such as Comté. A dry, hard, aged goat cheese. Preheat your oven to 350°F (176.7°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Place a wedge or wheel of Brie on top of the parchment paper. Drizzle the cheese with some honey. If you want, you can top the cheese with other goodies, such as dried cranberries, figs, rosemary, thyme, or walnuts/pecans. Bake the cheese until it is soft, then serve immediately with crackers.  Bake wedges for 5 to 7 minutes.  Bake wheels for 8 to 10 minutes. Be aware that some ovens are more powerful then others, and can over or under bake your cheese Adding a handful of grated or shredded cheese to your meals can give them extra texture and a hint of flavor. Here are some ideas to get you started:  Scrambled eggs and omelets Baked potatoes and mashed potatoes French fries (with Cheddar and bacon bits) Tortilla chips (Mexican cheese blend with sour cream and salsa) Salads (Caesar salad pairs well with Parmesan)

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Try adding some fruit, but stay away from citrus. Consider eating or serving a variety of cheeses. Try baking Brie with honey. Experiment with adding grated or shredded cheese to your meals to make them more savory.


Most chickens can keep themselves reasonably clean by taking regular dust baths and grooming on their own. However, if your bird has caked on droppings or has been sprayed by a skunk, then a bath is required. Other reasons for bathing include cleaning out or assessing a wound on your bird. If your bird is sick, then it’s possible that they may stop grooming themselves. If this happens, then you’ll need to bathe them. Also, take your chicken to the vet as soon as possible. This needs to be in an area that is average room temperature, not too cold or drafty. It’s also best if the flooring is tile, concrete, or another substance that is water-resistant. You’ll need a fairly large flat surface to work on. You could use a sturdy table or even sit on the floor next to the bins. A mudroom would be an ideal place in the house or a wash rack outdoors. Lay a few old, large towels out on the floor. These should cover the entire washing area floor. Then, bring over 2 large bins or tubs and set them in the middle of the towels. The bins can be metal or plastic, just make sure that you are comfortable rinsing them out afterward.  Don’t use these same bins or towels for any other cleaning purpose. Otherwise, the chemical residue left behind on them could damage your chicken’s feathers. If the bins are at all dirty before use, rinse them out to avoid transferring this dirt to your chicken. Set another towel a little bit away from the bins. You’ll use this dry towel as a drying station for your chickens. Choose a dish soap that is gentle on the skin, such as Dawn or Softsoap. Then, place the soap drops in the tub prior to adding the water. When you add the water in the soap will create suds and bubbles to help clean your chicken.  You can always add more or less soap depending on how bubbly you’d like the water to be. Don’t make the water too soapy since it may be difficult to rinse off your chicken afterward. Dawn dish detergent is the soap preferred for use by most wildlife rehabilitators and caretakers. The other bin...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Bathe your chicken only when necessary. Choose a washing station location. Set up the washing station. Put 5-6 drops of dish soap into 1 of the bins. Fill up both bins with warm water.


Most class grades are comprised of homework, participation, and test scores. In addition to better test scores, good study habits require good time management, organization, and attention to detail. These things will help you in all aspects of your classes.   Have a goal. Studying for a test can be overwhelming if you don't have a plan and a clear place to start. Decide ahead of time how long you plan to study, and how much information you want to cover in each study session.   Read ahead. Before you come to class, read the material that will be covered. This will give you a chance to ask questions in class about anything you didn't already understand. Highlight important information as you read, so you can go back and focus on the highlighted material when you're studying. Make flash cards. These are especially good for studying foreign languages, science, or other subjects that focus on vocabulary words. Write the word on one side of the card, and the definition on the other. As you flip to a new word, give the definition. If you don't know one, put it in a separate pile and go back to focus on that pile afterward. Do practice problems. Math problems require repetition. Do as many as you can! You can find them in the back of your textbook, online, or you can ask your instructor to provide additional practice problems. Do not miss class unless it is an emergency, and do not disrupt the class by showing up late. Your instructor is paid to teach you—he can't do that if you're not there In addition, avoid bragging about your perfect attendance record! Know-it-alls are often so busy talking that they don't listen, and end up missing out on the most basic of instructions. Pay close attention to what the instructor is asking you to do, and follow those instructions closely. This will help you to score better on tests and other coursework, and reduce the amount of time you'll need to spend fixing your errors. You're working hard, and it is likely noticeable to others. You don't need to hide your test scores, but...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Develop good study habits. Practice good attendance and be on time. Follow directions. Don't brag when you get good test scores.


Most coffee makers will have a water reservoir which you'll need to fill before brewing. Only pour in as much water as you'd like to brew, since the machine will continue to brew until the reservoir is empty. Always use clean filtered water for the best taste. Filtered water can also prevent mineral deposits from building up on the machine's tubing. Use the filter that comes with the machine. Your machine may have a flat-bottomed plastic reservoir for you to put a paper filter in or your machine may have a reusable metal mesh filter that is shaped like a cone.  If you use a paper filter, be sure to use one that's large enough to fit your pot. If you use a reusable filter, take care to clean it in between brewing. Use medium to medium-fine ground coffee that you've preferably ground yourself. Grinding the beans immediately before brewing will give your coffee more flavor. Use 1 heaping tablespoon of grounds for every 5 ounces of water. Place the grounds in the filter. You can always adjust this ratio, using more or less coffee or water to get your desired coffee strength. Store unused ground coffee in an airtight container away from light, heat, and moisture. Try to use it within a week. Your coffee maker should be clean and ready to go. Make sure the machine is plugged in and the empty carafe is on the burner plate. Some coffee makers have an automatic start feature which you can set at this point. If you do, you can program the machine to start brewing coffee at a certain point during the day, so long as it's prepared. At this point, water and coffee grounds should already be in the machine. Turn on your coffee maker. For many simple coffee makers, this just means pressing a single button, but some coffee makers allow you to customize how much water you'd like to brew, how strong you want your coffee, or how long you'd like to brew it. Read your machine's owner's manual to learn about its brewing capabilities. Avoid leaving the carafe or pot on the burner while the machine is on for a long time after your...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Fill the machine with water. Insert the filter. Measure out your coffee. Prepare your machine. Brew the coffee. Clean up.


Most commercially prepared leather dyes come with leather preparer, the dye itself, and a finish (such as leather sheen). Consider the following when choosing a dye:  Alcohol-based dyes stiffen the leather, while water-based dyes leave it soft and supple. Many water-based dyes are actually coatings, which can completely change the color of the piece. The color of the dye is not representative of the final color. Test on a small sample first. If you are touching up an already dyed piece, use a color-matching service to get an exact match. Dyes can be spray-on, paint-on, or sponge-on. Choose the type that works best for you in terms of ease of use.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?


Most commonly, a dash connects an independent clause with another, with a related thought plus a conjunction like or, but, yet, as, for, and after the second dash. The dash works somewhat like  parentheses or commas, but it is used where a stronger punctuation is needed. An em dash can connect an independent clause with the related thought in sentences like, “Abby gave me a terrible haircut—and she expected a tip!” or “Evan wants me to apologize—but he didn’t even say he’s sorry!” Much like a comma, you can use an em dash to clarify information, but is not essential to the understanding of a sentence. This is most commonly done in informal writing, but may also be done sparingly in formal writing when you want to make a statement with greater emphasis than a comma would offer.  For example, you could say “I'd better have passed my test—it's ninety percent of my class grade—or I'll have to go to summer school.” This use for the em dash is sometimes called the parenthetical dash, since the dash can take the place of parentheses. An em dash can be used to mark a list placed in the middle of a sentence where commas are already used. This helps avoid confusion regarding what is part of the list, and where the list starts and stops. An example of this is, “All of my school work—physics, Academic Decathlon, sociology, and calculus—got washed away when my house was flooded.” Dashes can also be used to emphasize a point in a sentence. Typically, these points come after the dash. This is especially common in both informal writing and story writing. An example of this could include, “Of course, I'll sign a prenuptial agreement—as long as it's in my favor.”

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Use an em dash to join independent clauses. Mark non-essential information with an em dash. Use an em dash to offset lists placed in a sentence. Create emphasis in a sentence with an em dash.


Most commonly, glasses get stuck together when they are stacked immediately after they are washed. Glass expands when heated, and contracts as it cools, and this is sufficient to stick glasses together in some cases. Never fear: you can use this to separate the glasses. You will need to cool the inner glass and heat the outer glass in order to free them from each other. To avoid this problem in the future, be more careful about stacking glasses. Let glasses cool before you stack them. If you wash with cold water, this should not be a problem. If you cannot free the glasses by simply heating the outer glass, try to cool the inner glass. The outer glass will expand, and the inner glass will contract.

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Understand how glass responds to heat. Cool the inner glass.


Most communities permit keeping chickens, but there may be zoning codes you should follow. You may need to get a permit or a signed agreement from neighbors before you're allowed to set up a coop. Each state and local municipality have slightly different codes, so be sure to check up on the laws in your area before making any purchases. Check your local homeowner association rules.  Some communities limit the number of chickens you can keep. There may also be a limit on the size of the coop you can have in your yard. Others limit the number of crowing chickens, or roosters, you're allowed to have. This is more common in areas that are densely populated. Chicks might look the same when they're little, but different breeds grow up to have very different qualities. Some chickens are great egg layers, others have sweet pet-like personalities, and still others are good if you want chicken meat. Do some research to find out which breeds to get before starting your coop.  For example, if you want a breed that reliably produces good eggs, choose a layer breed. Rhode Island Reds, Buff Orpington, and Australorp are all layer breeds.  If you're interested in chickens that lay eggs and provide good meat, you need a dual-purpose breed such as Silver Laced Wyandottes, Ameraucana and New Hampshire.  Broiler chickens are raised primarily for meat. These include Jumbo Cornish Cross and Heavy Man Special. Chickens are a flock animal and perform better in flocks of at least 6 or more, so it's a good idea to get more than one. A healthy chicken will typically lay 1 egg each cycle (about 1 egg every 25 hours) five or six eggs per week, so keep that in mind when you're deciding how many to get. Most small coops start with four to six chickens. If one falls ill or gets eaten by a predator, you'll still have plenty of chickens to produce eggs.  Once you know how many you want, you can choose to buy them from a disease-free licensed hatchery, reputable breeder or at your local farm store in small quantities. If you want to order them...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Check local regulations on keeping chickens. Decide what chicken breeds to keep. Decide how many to buy. Make space for the chickens before you bring them home.


Most companies use computer software to help you match loads with trucks to haul them. To be efficient at your job, you need to learn the software as well as you can. You may need to spend some extra hours outside of work fiddling around with it and reading about it, so that when you're on the job, you know exactly what to do. This job is demanding, and you'll likely be dealing with calls and emails from both your truck drivers and your customers constantly. In other words, you must learn to handle the stress of dealing with people all day, every day in a high-demand job. Add some deep breathing tricks to your daily routine. If you find yourself getting stressed, take just a moment or 2 to close your eyes. Breathe in deeply to the count of 4. Hold the breath for 4 counts, and then breathe out to the count of 4. Repeat a few times until you feel yourself calming down. Your drivers are on the road delivering products while you're coordinating their efforts. It will help things run better if you get to know them and work hard to make things go as smoothly as possible for your drivers. When your drivers are happy, they'll be more willing to go the extra mile when needed. Plus, happy employees are more likely to stick around, and your boss will appreciate you keeping turnover low. Make sure you know all your driver's names to start. Also, when your drivers make a request or have a need, do your best to fulfill it or fix the issue to help keep them happy. When working with customers and drivers, certain language will cause the listener to get angry or upset, such as "I don't know," "We can't," or a plain "No." The key is to use phrasing that comes across better to the customer or driver. Rephrase it into positive language to leave the person feeling better about the interaction.  For instance, instead of saying, "I don't know," you can say, "I need to check with the technician to find that information for you." Instead of "No, you can't do that," you could try, "That may not be the best option, but here's something...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Know the software inside and out. Learn to stay calm. Build good relationships with your drivers. Work on using positive language. Listen carefully to what your drivers and customers are saying.


Most compound bows are set up with a peep sight attached to the string. This is simply a ring you look through to help you aim. The sight should be attached somewhere you can easily look through it with your bow drawn to your anchor points. If you don't have a peep sight, buy one online or at an archery store. A small peep sight lets you focus on targets across a wider range of distances, but make sure it is large enough to view your entire forward sight. Large sights are more useful in low-light conditions. The forward sight is attached to the front of your bow. Align the bow so the forward sight and target are visible through the peep sight. The longer the distance between the peep sight and forward sight, the more accurate your aim will be. Target archers sometimes extend their forward sight several inches in front of the bow. Archers often close one eye, so it is easier to focus through the sight. This is usually a good tactic for beginners, and plenty of experienced archers do it as well. There are advantages to leaving both eyes open, however. Two eyes provide depth perception and a more complete view of the target. They are also better at tracking the arrow in flight, so you can see whether it flew too high, too wobbly, or so on. If you shoot with both eyes open, it helps to use a bow built for your dominant eye (for instance, a bow drawn with the right hand for a right-eye dominant person). If you use the other type of bow, you'll need to learn to make side-to-side aiming compensations when shooting with both eyes open. You can determine your dominant eye with simple home tests. A typical compound bow's forward sight has several pins lined up inside. These usually mark 20 yards (the topmost pin), 30 yards, 40 yards, and 50 yards. Choose the pin that best matches your distance to the target, and move your bow so that pin is directly in front of the target.  If you're not sure which distance the pins represent, find out by trial and error. Measure 20 yards to a target and sight through each pin until...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Look through the peep sight. Sight the target through the forward sight. Close one eye (optional). Align the correct pin with your target. Check the bubble level. Float the pin (optional). Try focusing on the target (optional).


Most conferences these days have adopted a corporate, casual style of dress, which offers a variety of wardrobe choices. However, some limitations still apply for both genders. Make sure your attire is made from quality materials, is pressed, clean and in excellent condition. Shoes must be clean, not worn, and polished. Though your accessories can have a touch of flair, keep them limited and conservative.  Also keep in mind your particular industry’s codes and standards, time of day, location, and purpose. Cover any tattoos and piercings. Athletic shoes are usually not appropriate. If you want to play it safe, opt for navy blue, black, brown or grey, which are known business colors. Match with long-sleeved, button-down, solid-colored (usually light blue or white) blouses or shirts. You don’t have to wear business colors, though. Instead, choose colors that you know are personally flattering. In fact, you may find wearing colors different from the norm attracts people to you!  Avoid loud colors and patterns. For outdoor or more casual events, polo shirts are a good choice. Pack a few blazers for the inevitable air-conditioning. Bring a formal outfit just in case. Keep the hemline of your skirts just below the knee and not more than two inches above it. Skirts can have slits in the back but shouldn’t reveal your legs. Don’t let your undergarments and slips show. Avoid clothing that is too baggy or tight. Keep your cleavage and midriff covered, even outside conference events. Wear a stylish, leather wristwatch. It looks great when resting your arm on the board table! Combine smart trousers or a pencil skirt with a well-fitting jacket. Wear low-heeled, neutral-colored shoes. Comfortable heels save your back, and a light-colored shoe easily matches other colors in your wardrobe. Stay within the business casual realm style of dress, but add unique touches that make you who you are. Wear interesting but stylish accessories. Instead of long-sleeved tops, go with ¾-sleeves. Consider not wearing black or cardigan...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Assume business casual attire unless told otherwise. Wear business colors or other colors that suit you. Opt for creased pants or tailored skirts made of crisp fabrics. Select classic pieces, not trendy. Stand out in a way that highlights you and your business.


Most confrontations are strictly verbal, but depending on the people involved, there may be a potential for violence. This is where confrontations can get really scary, and the nature of such a situation needs to be carefully evaluated. Your safety, and the safety of everyone involved, should be the first concern whenever any conflict arises.  Always trust your gut. If you don't feel comfortable in a given situation, excuse yourself and leave (if possible). Don't be afraid to ask for outside help/support, whether it's someone to moderate the discussion or simply someone to be there for comfort. Determine whether or not you can safely deal with the person/people initiating the confrontation. If you can handle it, then proceed with caution and consider bringing in a third party to watch or help. If you cannot handle it, then leave. If you feel that your safety or the safety of those around you is threatened, call the police. If you feel safe proceeding with the situation, try your best to remain calm and to calm the other person. You can do this by being aware of how you carry yourself, in terms of both spoken words and unspoken body language.  Use neutral, non-confrontational body language. Avoid crossing your arms, rolling your eyes, avoiding eye contact, or turning away from the person. This can convey frustration, resentment, or disrespect, which could make the situation worse. Speak in a calm voice. Be warm, respectful, and courteous, both in your words and your tone. Apologize, even if you haven't done anything wrong. Try to sympathize with the other person. For example, say something like, "I'm sorry that happened. I understand that you must be very frustrated." Resist the urge to give commands. Don't try to order a person to calm down. Instead, let your words and actions create a calm, comfortable environment. Let the other person be responsible for what happens next by saying something like, "I would like to help you, but I need you to calm down first." Many people who escalate a conflict are...

How would you rephrase that briefly using English?

Assess the situation. Try to calm the aggressor. Hear the person out. Depersonalize the situation. Leave if you need to.