The Statesman.
London, England, 1812-10-19 00:00:00

THE STATESMAN.

Illetilmetsess
Which would not only have been destructive to the our movements have hitherto been direethd to gua-
army, but would have reduced Moscow to ashes. In l rantee Moscow, the first capital.—May She all Om-
this truly lamentable situation, and after consulting i nipotent bless our undertaking I—Such shag= be the
my Generals, amongst whom there were some of a prayer of all the Children of Russia.
different opinion, I was compelled to let the enemy I beg you, Count, to assure all the inhabitants of
enter Moscow, out of which. all the valuables, the ;.''Aloecow,„ by my gscy hairs,. that hitherto we base
stores in the arsenals, and almost all other property, ! never had a single affair with the enemy's advanced-
imperial or private, were previously conveyed, and guard, in which our troops have not had the advan-
scarcely a single inhabitant remained in the town. tuge ; and that if there has not been a grand battle,
—I take the liberty most humbly to represent to that has depended upon my command in chief.—
your Majesty, that the entrance of the enemy Prom the . Monastery or Kobuisk..w, Aug. 21 (B.•pt. 121.
Oct. 12).
.into Moscow is not yet the annihilation of the
Empire. —I am making a movement with my
army _towards the Tonla road. This will enable
to keep open my communications with the neigh-
bouring Governments. Any other measure would
bate prevented this, and also have separated them
from the armies of Torinazow and of the capital
Tschichagow. I must confess that the abandonment
of the capital is very hard; but considering the ad-
vantages which may accrue to us from it, and parti-
cularly the preservation of our armies, it is no
longer to be lamented; and I now proceed to oc-
cupy, with my forces, a line, by which I shall com-
mand the roads leading to Toula and Kalouga, annoy
the whole line of the enemy extending from Smo-
leasko to Moscow, and be enabled to cut off all re-
inforccmcnN.-; marching to join him from the rear.—
By thus occupying the attention of the enemy, 1 hope
to cemuel him to leave Moscow, and to change his
whole line of operations.
" The General \Vinzingerode had received orders
from me to post himself on the Twer road, and to
detach a regiment of Cossacks on that to Jaroslaw,
to protect the inhabitants from being molested by
small bodies of the enemy. I am at no great distance
from Moscow, and as soon as I have collected my
troops, 1 can with confidence await the approach of
the enemy. As long as the army of your Imperial
Majesty is entire, and, animated with its known I
courage and zeal, the loss of Moscow is not yet the
loss of the Empire. For the rest, your Majesty may
be assured that this event is the necessary consel
quence of the loss of Smolensko."
• The St. Petersbargh Gazette, of Sept. 6, contains
a dispatch from General Essen, Governor of Riga,
wherein he details the late successful sorties of the
garrison, which have been already published. His
dispatch concludCs thus :
Tite French have hitherto confined themselves to
a strict blockade of this fortress ; but though their
heavy artillery is arrived at Mittau, they do not
make preparations to commence the siege in form.
At present they have actually fortified the positions
they bold, as if they were afraid of being attacked ;
or rather, as if we were the besiegers, and they the
besieged. They expect to derive facilities in their
approaches to this place from the cold weather; but, .
as I am informed that their troops already complain
of the hardships they endure, they will he retained
with difficulty in the depth of winter in so arduous
a duty.
46 The Prussian Officers whom I have made pri-
Boners tell me, that they are restrained from quitting
the service by the threats that their families would be
imprisoned, their property confiscated, and them-
selves outlawed. Both Officers and men have like-
wise long arrears cf pay, which are withheld to bind
them to the service.
" I have rendered this fortress as defensible is time
and circumstances would admit, and am determined!
to defend it to the utmost of my power. With the
blessing of God, the enemy shall never obtain pos-
session of it, but find a grave beneath its walls. •
" I cannot conclude without bearing testimony to
the conduct of the English naval Officers and sea-
men, our brave Allies; they* have performed the
most essential services to his Imperial Majesty in this
quarter. Their courage prompts them to undertake
the most hazardous enterprises, which their skill
and foresight enables them to execute with success.
In every danger they are foremost, and in every diffi-
culty capable of counselling. 1 have derived great
assistance from them.
" Riga, Sept. 6.

Ps els, OCT. 13.—Private letters from Moscow
of the 25th of September, contain fresh details, the
authenticity of which we will guarantee, respecting
the catastrophe which happened in that city, and
which we hasten to publish, at a moment when every
thing that conies from the North excites the greatest
interest.
We could hardly believe that the burning of
Mosc-sw was the result of the first movement of
despair, when the impossibility of arresting the march
of the French army forced the Russians to abandon
their ancient capital. That idea was so natural, that
many persons had adopted it ; and although it cannot
justify the conduct of the Governor Rostopchin, it
a little lessens the horror which the frightful image
of an immense city, given up to the flames by those
hands who ought to have protected it, naturally in-
spires. Now that certain facts, which admit of no
doubt, prove that this fire has been before hand con-
ceived, that the means of the destruction was leisure-
ly combined, 17 deliberate reflection, astordsitment
and indignation know no bounds. Never was a de-
structive combination better combined. The agents
of Rostopchin, that is to say, 5000 banditti to whom
he had opened the prison doors, with torches in their
hands proceeded to the different parts of the city, to
set fire to the houses ; and to render the fire more de-
structive, they observed from what side the windi
blew, to burn all the buildings to windward. In
many houses were found all sorts of combustibles,
I which when discovered our soldiers found impossible
Ito extinguish. At the moment the soldiers made this
i discovery, they feared some might have been placed
in the Kremlin, but the most minute researches proved
the contrary. It appears that in their blind ob.
stinacy the enemy thought they could maintain them-
selves for some time in that fortress, from which a
few cannon shot were sufficient to drive them. It was
' the prompt arrival of our troops, which saved the
Kremlin.
All these facts explain how the fire began in build.
ings and uninhabited houses. The superb bulking
of the Bank was almost entirely consumed 'before
the iron gates could be penetrated and an entrance
made. What surpasses all belief is, that when the
• French presented themselves to arrest the progress of
the flames, a single engine could not be found. The
firemen had even been obliged to quit this unfortu-
nate city, the inevitable destruction of which was
calculated with a sang froid which makes humanity
shudder.
• There now remains to us the painful task of re-
lating a trait of barbarity with which we could have
dispensed, were it not necessary that Europe should
know the characterand tolleinefe of that peoperwho
I have often been represented as civilized. A wretched
man, named Wertigen, had been imprisoned six
'months, for having written that within six months
I the Emperor of the French would be in Moscow.—
lUpon the first news of the arrival of the French, the
Governor-General brought forth the prisoner, and
e ithout any judicial form had him executed. Ros-
topchin took a horrible pleasure in insulting this un-
fortunate, " Thou hut announced," said he to him,
" that the Emperor of the French would come to Mos-
i cow, if he comes, you shall not see him.":--By a
I retitle:limit of cruelty, Rostopchin sent for the father
of the s ictim, to be a witness of his punishment. For-
tunately he had fled.
After reading these horrible details, which will
serve to form the opinion of all Europe respecting
' the events which have just passed at Moscow, and
when we reflect upon the efforts made by the French
army, under the eyes of the Emperor, to save Mos-
cow from total detruction, very opposite sentiments
I will be felt, and one will be convinced that true
courage is always accompanied by clemency and
!generosity.
Our brave men will relax from their fatigues.—
j They have found provisions for several months.
They, without doubt, have not the same resources as
; if they were eantenecl near a city of the first order,
I but what remains of Moscow/ is, at least/ as large
as Brussels, and an exact idea of their situation
may be formed, by supposing, that the general head
,quarters are iu the latter town, and the troops can-
toned in the neighbourhood.
Since it is evident from every thing that bas passed
for some years that the ambitious projects of the lltus-
sian Government, seconded by England, must ne.
cessarily brine about a war between France and Rus-
sia—there is •no Frenchman, who, considering his
country, or children's interest, that ought not to
congratulate himself that it has broken out under
existing circumstances. Is it not fortunate for France
and Europe that their destinies are confided to the
greatest Captain of the age ; to the hero whose'pra-
deuce equals his activity, who abandons nothing to
chance, overcomes all obstacles, and seems by his
genius to enchain fcirtune and command events.—
•
(Journal de Paris, Oct. 13.) •'

" VON ESSEN"'

TREATY EETWEE#I RUSSIA AND TURKEY.
The following are the principal of the Sixteen Ar-
ticles of the Treaty of Pcace, concluded between
Russia and the Sublime Porte:—

Art. 1. There shall he peace and friendship between the two
Powers, and both the:oats-acting parties shall use every eilort
to avoid every thing that may occasion hostilities betweett their
subjects.
Art. A. Full and perfect amnesty shall he granted to the sub-
jean of both parties who have taken part in the operations of
the war against the interest of their mutual Sovereigns. •
• • -•

Art. 3. All former Treaties shall remain in forte' with the ex-
ception of such Articles which, by this present Treaty, lia!re
undergone scone alteration.

Art. 4. According to the first trticle of the Preliminuries, it
Is agreed that the rivet Prods, from its cntmse into Moldavia
until its junction with the Danube, and the left hank of the Da-
nube frous such junction o the mouth of the Kili, and from
thence to the se% shall form the boonslarios of the two empires;
the mouth of the said river being far the common use of both.
The small islands which, previous to the war, were uninhabited,
lying ;war to the left hank of the Danube, shall remain uuin-
bahited ; nor shall any fortifications be erected on the said islands.
Ou the other hand, the Ottoman Porte relinquishes to Russia
all provinces, fortress:•s. towns, &c. Ding on the left hank of
the Proth, and the mid-channel of the said river shall be the
bountlary be ween the two empires. The merchant vessels of
both nations may navigate the whole course of the Danube ; but
the Russian ships of war must conic no farther than the entrance
of tile Prod).

Art. 5. His imperial Russian Majesty, on the other hand, re- !
stores to the Ottoman Porte the territory of Moldavia, on the
right bank of the Prnth, as likewise the Greater and Lesser
Wallachia. The inhabitants of these provinces shalt be freed
from all contributions for the space of two years, and those shall
be fixed according to the present largeness of blohlavits.
Art. 6. The'buundaries on the side of Asia shall be fixed ex-
actly as they were before the war broke out.
dirt. 7. The blabometan inhabitants in the provinces ceded to
Rossia,as likewise the natives of other parts who, in conse-
quence of the war. are now in Russia, may return with their
property out of Russia, within the space of 18 months, to Tur-
key. In like mintier, the Christians belonging hi the countries
tow ceded to Russia, and who are at present in Turkey, may,
without any molestation, return to Roma.
Art. 8. The Ottoman Porte grants a pardon and general am-
Deity to the tilervians, who shall in uo wise or wane he molested
for their past actions. The fortresses lately erected in their
eoantry shalt he demolished as being unnecessary, and the
lime Porte will put garrisons into the ancient fortified places.
But that soar garrisons Shall not infrioge any of the rights belong-
ing to the *mien people the Sublime Porte will for such purpose
adopt, in concert with the Serviaa nation,such measures as may he
is for their security. The Porte grants to the bervian
nation t e same advantages as are enjoyed by her siihjecs of the
islands la the Archipelago, and of the other districts ; anti causes
it to partake of the effects of bee t city, by permitting it
to have. be sole managivocat of its imeensal concerns, by fixing
the mate of contribotiOns which it will receive from its own
bands ; and, ti wily, will regulate all these matters conjointly,
and in CAUCIif rellee with the Servian nistioo.
Art. 9. Alt printers of war, whether of the male or female
oes, shall he liberated oil both sides without reserve.
Art. 10. All &Man &Releases& of the sukocts of both par-
ties, which base been pet of on account of the war, shall not be

GOTTENBURGII MAIL.

REPORT Or THE GENERAL-IN-CIIIEF RUTUSOW, TO H!

IMPERIAL MAJESTY, PROM THE VILLAGE EMILIA,
DATED sErr. 4 (16).
After the sanguinary, though victorious, battle
fought by your Majesty's troops on tbi 46th ult.
(September 7), I was obliged to leave my position
near Borodino, for reasons of which I have already
had the honour to inform your Majesty. After that
battle the armies mere much weakened. Under such
circumstancetwe approached Moscow, having daily
much fighting with the enemy's advanced guard.—
The reinforcements which I hoped to meet with had
not yet arrived. The enemy formed two new co.
lumns, one on the Borowsk, and the other in the
Zwettigo roads, with the view of actiog 'Wiest
my reserve near 1114 sow. In consequence er Nita,
I could not risk 'another battle; thip limo of

aahonditafintecrutrh
the
ehepunishment Governor M
olf have
pm )i
es
is:::
bhaiitiirlslizn,i
mati o n , prohibiting --"wlhtehopeaisrrktaiuprrle.
joi:tf,arivaenyitriho:lifiai
chahirs:s \II 1,1
shall
jaensdty'ishe subjects,ronfisatthinonse
of
be applied to the relief of such of thean;
hivnea
mvt have
ee rCouncils
sufferedT h
ed iuloar during not:
eh
ethe n
American
rln . '
o'unl:xem.cutire until the
There is little probability of any-favouthraebwleacrliaanxeee;
mweielltbeingthofenCodogiscruessseds, w:haicnhdiistfiwreildi fboer
stheeen2dwohfe
THE EPEROR EPEROR ALEXANDER'S ADDRESS.
feay the expenees of carrying on a burdensome wNtiaioeer.r.
"FUR THE INFORMATION OF tIfE PUBLIC.. the people will hear direct taxation, in order to d[" By order of hi. Imperial Majesty.]
44 It is with a heavy heart we are compelled to in- tray
OF A LETTER, DATED nOsTON, SEPT. 12.
form every son of the country, that the enemy entered
news of the repeal of the British Orders in Council
Moscow on the 3d (15th) of Sept. The glory of the ,a . •
Russian Empire, however, is not thereby tarnished. at is generally believed in this country, that the
- has greatly embarrassed our Executive ; who neither
—On the contrary, every individual is inspired with
fresh courage, firmness, and hope, that all the evils exnected .
nor washed for such a concession; and who
meditated against us by our enemies, will eventually , al;-certain .
such farther concessions as might be deemed injurious
fall upon their own heads. The enemy bas not be ly indisposed to accommodation, eithout
to your maritime
come master of Moscow, by overcemingt or weaken-
the of the elections, they deem it prudent to feign great
ing our forces; the Commander.in.Chief, by the ad- rights. At the same time, on account
!moderation, and hold out expectations of peace, which
vice of a Council of War, has found it expedient to re.
tire at a moment of necessity, in order by the best and are not likely to be realized. The organ of the Go.
vernment, the National lntelligencer, after observ.
most effectual means to turn the transient triumph of
, lng a profound silence for some time on the subject
the euemy to his inevitable ruin. However painful
of the repeal of the Orders, makes, in a late
number
it may be to Russians, to hear that the original capi. '
of the following flimsy and partial remarks, which have
tat of the Empire is in the hands of the enemy
their country, yet it is consolatory to reflect that he been copied in some of the federal prints:—
is possessed merely of bare walls, containing within
it- rTithe British Government repeal their decrees up om THE NATIONAL INTELLTGENCEE, SEPT. .e.]on
their circuit neither istbabitants nor provisions. Th* • -i
condition the intercourse between the two countries
haughty conqueror imagined that on his entrance int 6
Moscow he would become the arbiter of the whole
is restored. Should our Administration agree to this
Russian Empire, when he might prescribe to it such . the Immediate and inevitable consequence would be,
a peace as he should think proper; but he is de-
the withdrawal by France of the decree repealing
ceived in those of' Berlin and Milan, and their re.establish-
his expectations : he will neither have ac- ,
quired the power of dictating, nor the means of sub-
! meat in full force on account of the consideration for
sistence. The assembled and daily increasing forces
the repeal failing to exist. This would leave us ex.
of the districts of Moscow, will not neglect to actly where we were four or five years ago, and the
c
,block up every avenue, and to destroy such parties ceremonies of retaliation would be gone over again.
It is plain therefore, that the repeal is an Lumen.
i
as may be detached for the purpose of collecting
9
ing change of the game, which, without producing
provisions ; until the enemy shall perceive that his
hopes of astonishing the world by the capture of Mos-
permanent peace with England, unless she would
cow were vain, and lie be compelled to open a passage disavow the present system of blockade, of seaach
fur himself by force. and impressment, would plunge us into 4 war with
" His situation is as follows :—He entered Russia
France."
with 300,000 men, the principal part consisting of 1
natives of different kingdo:ns, serving and obeying A CHALLENGE,
him, not from free will,—not in the defence of their " A passenger in the brig Lyon from Havannah to
respective countries,—but solely from terror. The New York, captured by the frigate Southampton, Sir
half of this multifarious army has been destroyed, James Yeo, Commander, is requested by Sir Jame;
partly by our brave troops, partly by desertion, and Yeo, to present his compliments to Captain Porter,
partly by hunger and sickness : with the remainder Commander of the American frigate Essex, would
he is come to Moscow. His audacious irruption, be glad to have a tele-a4ele any where between the
not only into the very heart of Russia, bat into its Capes of Delaware and the Havatinah,a hen he woad
; ancient capital, will, without doubt 9 gratify his am- have the pleasure to break his own sword over his
bition, and give him cause of boasting; but the clamed head and put him down forward in irons."
I character of that measure must be determined by its '
result. I UT. REPLY QF THE TRUE AMERICAN TAR.
" He has not entered a country where every step
We stop the press to insert the following just re.
he takes inspires all with terror, and bends both the ceised:-.Prot;. ..
troops and the inhabitants to his feet. Russia is an, I .46
his compliments to Sir James Yee,
accustomed to subjection, and will lot staffer her Essex, presents .
Captain Porter, of the United States (rip%
oath-
laws, religion, freedom, and property
to be ens. commanding
pled upon : she will defend them to the last drop of eliffiflorandr=his lite invite.
ts with pleasure po _ _
Ms Britannic Majesty!. frigate .S
us u to sr , Captain vorter
bet blood. Riffled* the general seed against the , thena
enemy clearly evinces hew powerfully our more is
.would prefer metier neer the Delaware, where Cap.
guarded by the undaunted spirit of its sons. Thus,
tam P. Pledgeshis honour to Sir 'James, that op
no one des its • nor is this a time to despair,
other American reseed shall interrupt their tete.a.tete.
pa ;
when every class of the empire is inspired with " The fPet may be knownby a flag bk‘tri"g the
courage and firmness,—when the enemy with the re- mottoes
FREE. TRALIE AND SAILORS' nprITS.
mainder of his daily increasing forces, at a distance
4t And, when that is struck to the 4outhampton2
from home, in the midst of a numerous people, is Captain „
rorter will deeerte the treatment promised
surrounded by our armies, one of which stands be- by Sir James."
fore him, and the other three are endeavouring to september 18, 1812.,
cut off his retreat, and to prevent him from receiv-
ing
any fresh re.inforcements,—when Spain has not
only thrown off his yoke, but also threatens to in.
vade his territories,—when the greatest part of
Europe (exhausted and enslaved by him), serving
him involuntarily, is anxiously and impatiently
awaiting the moment when she shall tear herself from
his heavy and insupportable chains,—when his own
country sees no end to the torrents of its blood shed
for his ambition.
" In the present disastrous state of human af-
fairs, will not that country acquire eternal fame,
'which, after encountering all the inevitable desola-
tions of war, shall at last, by its patience and intre-
pidity, succeed in procuring an equitable and per-
manent peace, not only for itself, but also for other
Powers; nay, even for those who are unwillingly
fighting against us ? It is gratifying and natural for i
a generous nation to render good for evil. ,
" Almighty God ! turn thy merciful eye to thy ' 1
supplicating Russian church. Vouchsafe courage
and patience to thy people struggling in a just caese,
so that they may thereby overcome the enemy ; and
in saving themselves, may also defend the freedom of
Kings and cations." , r

throw. up but, on the contrary, shall, after conclusion of the
peace, be again exurniord and decided according total".
Art. 11. The Ruxsian troops shall quit the pmvinces,fortremes,
and tohns restored, within three months from the day of the ra-
tification of the Treaty ; nnd, until the expiration of that term,
shall, as hitherto, be supplied w ith every thing neeeitiary.
Art. 12. Bulb the high-contending Powerx premise to keep
11w commercial treaties in force.
Art. IS. The Ottoman Porte promises her mediation with the
Persian Power far restoration of Peace with Russia.

Art. 14. Any acts of hostility which mar have happened, aficr
exchanging tbe ratification, shall be considered as not having
taken place.

To nix EDITOR or TIIE syerßsmei47.

Sta.—ln your paper of Tharsday lan, you hays
given an account of the Carriage of Lo'd Scrvom be-
ing thrown over, broke, &c. this account has doubt.
less been sent you by some evil-disposed person, for
the purpose of making you believe his Lcodanip is
disrespected in this town ; but, Sir, you mns rely no
such transaction took place ; the nch'e Lord has not
sported his fonr-inThand since theelec:ion commenced;
heints been too busily employed canvassing for Ms
friends BROUGHAW and CREEVEY,—and is too much
respected here (to be hurt in person or property) by
every well-wisher of his country. The election has
closed ; CANNING and Gascovis are returned ; the;
I were chaired this day ; every countenance was over-
' spread with gloom ; every heart sicker . d at the
sight ; not a joyous shout was heard (except from
the persons who were hired to guard them, from the
insults of an enraged populace). The cars in which
they rode were pelted with mud, &c. for, Sir, it is an
absolute Pict, that then mere forced to give them their
votes, many gave them with tears in their eyes, and
• cursed them to their faces. The corporation of this
town is more corrupt, if possible, than that of Lon-
don, and can command a majority.
I am, Sir, your's very respectfully,
Livetpeel, 0ce.111,1811. T. P.
_ __

•
The Liverpooilifercury, of Friday last, in a Se.
cond Edition, states, that the election may be con•
sidered as terminated, Mr. Brougham hiving jot
taken leave of his friends in a most impressive and
eloquent speech. The poll, however, continues open,
as there are yet some independent freemen who seem
determined to vote at the bar of Brougham sad
Creevey.
Mr. Brougham and Mr. Creevev, in retiring from
the hustings, were highly complimented by their op.
ponents on their open and honourable conduct daring
the election; and it was intended by the Committee
of those Gentlemen to have closed the poll immedi•
ately. However, as some circumstance% hare Ono
transpired, which warrant doubts of the candour el
Mr. Canning and the General, it has bee., defer'
mined, to keep the poll open by every legal (Desalt
long as possible.
Float close of the poll
dmong . tin I prisegbes -
Gasmen - >t Creels,

. 1199
108

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