The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-10-31 00:00:00

JUVENIU REFORMATORIES,

The next matter on the paper was the report of the
special committeeto consider the application of the Rev.
T, C. Carter for the establishment of a Juvenile Reform-
atory, who recommended the establishment of a reform-
atory on land, and the mooring of a hulk on the -Mersey,
the Corporation contributing £2,000 towards their estab-
lishment and 'maintenance.

At the suggestion of Mr. ANDERSON, the consideration
of the report was adjourned until the November meeting
of the Council.
The coroner's account, amounting to £lB 13s. 6d. was
ordered to be paid. •
A memorial from Mr. James M`Donald, praying for
assistance, was laid on the table, after an ineffectual
appeal by Mr. Bennett for an inquiry into his case.
Mr. C. TI7RNER, in some eulogistic remarks, proposed a
cordial vote of thanks to the Mayor for the able, cour-
teous and satisfactory manner in which he had discharged
the high and important duties of his office.
The proposition having been carried by acclamation,
The MATORbilefty responded, thanking the Council for
the courteous manner in which they had always received
him, and his fellow townsmen for their uniform kindness
to him on all occasions. _ . .

The Council brbke up at a quarter past five o'clock,
having sat six honrs and fifteen minutes.

LITERARY AND PIIILOSOPRICAL SOCIETY.—VARIA-
TION OF COMPASSES.—Tast- night the Rev. Dr. Scoresby
addressed the members 'of the Literary and Philosophical
Society, at the Royal Institution, on the "Magnetic
Variations of Compasses in Iron' Ships." He described
the various experiments which had been made, showing
the magnetic-variation taking plate with reference to the
change of the vessel's *Rion as concerns the earth, and
also the changes taking place iu the magnetic properties
of a bar of iron, not only by PercussiOn, but also by vibra-
tion. He then &Scribed the differenceiti the'magnetic
distribution in iron ships,h
according as they were built
with the head -to the nort Or the smith, the strength of
attraction, being strongest in the one 'case in the head; and
the other in the stern. This was his theory before he had
tried its correctness; and when he had an opportunity
of examining .three flips in Mr. Laird's yard, one is
Messrs. Getty's, and others, he found his theory quite (sir-
rect. Dr..Bcoresby proceeded to detail the results of the
experiments to ascertain the neutral plane of an iron ship,
from notes which had been taken by the 'chairman; (Pro-
fessor Traill), who was present on the occasion. By Sus-
'pending a compass Over the gunwale of an iron ship, and
markin-, its variation at intervals of three inches, they
found that on One Side the nentral.plane was at a distance
of six feet six inch& froth the gunwale, while on the other
side of 'the ship it was nearly :eighteen feet, the average
being.about eleven feet, and it was found by experiment
to be eleven feet Six incheS. Having referred to the vari-
ation a the compasses of the Tayletir,.which be remarked
was the cause of the loss of that :Vessel, he described the'
defective manner in which compasses were fitted in many
ships, in some cases' being within the direct influence of
an,iron,,tiller. In cases where the magnetic distribution
was Unfavourable, he recommended reversing the poSition
of the ship, and by subjecting, her' to yibiation, either by
collision or.,fiting guns; sitale the magnetic distribution
into- a more fav4nrable state. Great effect WAS also pro=
duced by shojis of lightning, as had ,been proved in some
instances. Variations were . also occasioned by changes
of temperature, such as occurred in coming from the warm
Gulf stream into the cold water from the Arctic Sea, on
crossing the Atlantic ; by- the sun shining. on one side Of
an iron shipp, and also from concussion occasioned by col-
lision. Ile mentioned that in surveying the coast of
Greenland some years since, the observations were made
by a compass at the mast-head of the ship, and the fellow-
'tag year they- were verified to be mathematically, correct.
On board the,lmperiadar, which :sailed the other day, the
compasses were tried on swinging the ship at an elevation
of thirty-two. feet, withoUt the slightest
perceptible varia-
tion; and he recommended in every case that a compassshould be elevated on the Mizell Mast, from which every
particle of iron gigging should be excluded.
was free e fefromc
p aon-
vinced that if in such a situation a compass
influence while in the Mersey, it would be so in every part
of the world. This, he thought, was a simple remedy for
a defect which was of the greatest Cansequence to our

the 25th.

CZERNOWITZ' OCT. 28.—Russian advices state that
the bombardmect of Sebastopol was continued vigorously
up to the 20th. _ _ _ _

loff's death, ?used by the fragment of

a shell, is confirmed
" ODESSA, OCT.

25 The bombardment of Sebastopol
was continued up to the-23rd, but nothing decisive had oc-

cured

A telegraphic despatch was received on Saturday at the
Foreign-office. from the Earl of Westmorland, our Am-
bassador at Vienna. The despatch was dated Friday,
Oct. 27. It announced that his lordship had received

—vices from Colonel Neale, at Varna, dated the 21st Oct.,
containing the following important intelligence :—" The
land batteries opened fire upon Sebastopol on the 17th
instant. A portion of the allied fleets attacked the forts
at the entrance to the harbour with success, the English
ging the left side, and the French the Quarantine
. The latter was silenced by the French fire, and it
is supposed that the fort on the left side has been partially
destroyed by the fire from the British ships. The Aga..
memnon suffered most, and the Retribution had lost one
man. The Ville de Paris (the French Admiral's ship)
had suffered by the bursting of a shell, by which one or
two of the admiral's staff had been killed. The reported
loss of the two squadrons was, 90 killed, and 200 (not 300,
as announced in another despatch) wounded. Its was
expected that, by the 21st or 22nd, the fortress would have
capitulated."

KIEL, OcTonEs 27.—Her Maj esty's screw steam-ships
Duke of Wellington, 130, carrying the flag of Vice-Admi-
ral Sir Charles Napier ; the Royal George, 120 ; Princess
Royal, 90 ; with the Vulture and Locust, have arrived
here. The Princess Royal has been aground, but without
sustaining damage.

LATER FROM THE BRAZILS.

Lis South American and General Steam Navigation
Company's screw steamship Lusitania, Captain G. H.
Haram, arrived in the Mersey, last night, from the
Brazils, with 34 passengers, and specie and diamonds
valued at upwards of £20,000. She left Rio Janeiro on
the Ist instant, Bahia oth, Pernambuco 9th, Madeira
23rd, and Lisbon 26th.

The Golden Era, from Melbourne for Liverpool, put into
Pernambuco on the 28th September. Her captain was
required to be removed, owing to intemperance, and would
be sent to England in the Royal steam-ship Thames.
The Lnsitania passed the screw steam-ship Union on
the. 27th, lat. 40 lon. 10, with loss of foremast, and cargo
shifted, in a gale in the Bay of Biscay, and wished to be
reported.
From Pernambuco we learn that the sugar crop was
likely to prove abundant, but prices had undergone no
change.
_ _

The receipts of cotton were moderate ; prices ruled at
$5'600 for first regular, and $6lOO superior.

Nothing doing in rum for export, and prices were ex
petted to decline.
The Bank rate continued
31st October. and 8 ne

at 6 per cent. for bills ul
cent. for six months. P

business has been done at 8 to 10 per cent. per annum,
according to time and quality of paper.
Freights to Liverpool : Sugar, 255. to 30s. per ton; and
cotton, id. per lb. (and 5 per cent.). To London : 50s. to
60s. per ton. Exchange on London, 271 to 28; Paris,
350 to 355.

BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 30,

LONDON.-0011 'Change, little done in Rice, and prices
barely supported. Cotton unaltered. Scotch Pig Iron,
80s. to 80s. 6d. Spelter, £24 10s. to £24 15s. Tallow,
sales limited--P. 'Y. C., 665. to 665. 6d. on the spot
French Threes telegraphed 75.65.
The Rose of. Sharon., from Sydney, I
ounces of gold

lags 160,000

THE WAR.

THE CRIMEA

(From the Second Edition of the Morning Herald.)
PARIS, MONDAYNiNci.—The Moniteur says, that
intelligence had been received at Varna, brought by a
French steamer, which left the Crimea on the 21st, con-
firmatory of of the news that the two outer forts had been
Aestroyed,• and that the batteries had effected a. breach.
The Allied Armies were waiting the opening of a second
.reach, in order to commence an assault.
No later news from the Crimea, and no general foreign
intelligence of any import..

BETTING AT TATTERSALL'S--Tnis DAY.
EPSOM AuruM HANDICAP.-6 to 4 agst Scherz, tk;
6 to 1 agst Little David, tk ; 10 to 1 agst Hungerford, tk.
—Hato struck out. -
WORCESTER HANDICAP.=.4O to 1 agst Rataplan, tk.
DERBY.--10 to 1 agst De Clare, tk ; 12 to .1 agst St.
Hubert, tk ; 15 to 1 agst Rifleman, tk ; 20 to 1 agst
Wild Dayrell, tk to a great deal of money ; 40 to 1 agst
Frederick, tk; 45 to 1 agst Westminster, tk; '5O to 1
agst.Affghan, tk ; 50 to 1 agst Prince of Wales, tk.