The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-10-31 00:00:00

JUVENILE REFORMATORIES.

The neat. matter on the paper was the report of the
special committee to consider the application of the Rev.
T. C. Carter for the establishment .of a Juvenile Reform.-
atory, who' recommended the establishment of a reform-
atory on land, and the-mooring of a hulk on the Mersey,
the-Corporation contributing £2,000 towards their estab-
lishment and maintenance.
At the suggestion. of Mr.-ANDERSON, the consideration
of the report was adjourned until the November meeting
Of the Council. '
The coroner's account, amounting to £lB 13s. 6d. was
ordered to be paid.
A memorial :from Mr. James rDonald, praying for
assistance, Was laid on the table, after an ineffectual
appeal by Mr. Bennett for an inquiry into his case.
Mr. C. TIIIIirER, in some eulogistic remarks, proposed a
_ _

cordial vote of thanks to the )layor.for the able, cour-
teous, and satisfactory manner in which he had discharged
the high .and iniportant duties of his office.
The 'proposition. having been r,arried,hy acclaination:

ThellAyoß briefly responded, thankium the Council for
the courteous manner in which they had always received
him, and his fellow townsmen for their uniform kindness
to him on all occasions. _ _

The Council broke up at a quarter past five &clod:
having sat six hours and,fifteen minutes.

LITERARY AND PRILOS6PRICAL SOCIETY.—VARIA-
rroN OF COMPASSES.—Last night the Rev. Dr. Scoresby
addressed the nlembers of the Literary and Philosophical
Society, at the Royal- Institution, on the " Magnetic
Variations of Compasses in Icon Ships." He described
the various expenments which had been made, showing
the magnetic variation taking place with reference to the
change of the vessel's position as concerns the.earth, and
also the changes. taking,: place in the magnetic properties
of a.bar of iron, not only by percussion, but also by vihra-
tibn: He then described-the difference in the magnetic
distribution in iron 'ships, according us they were built
with the_ head to the north or the south, the strength of
attraction being strongest in the one case in the head, and
the other in the stern. This was his theory before he had
tried its correctness; and when he had an opportunity
•of examining three ships in Mr. Laird's. yard, one in
Messrs.-Getty s, and others, he found his theory.quite cor-
rect. Dr. .Scoresby proceeded. to detail the results of the
eiperiments to ascertain thenentral plane of an iron ship,
from notes which had been taken_ by. the chairman (Pro-
fessor Traill), who was present .on the occasion. By sus-
pending atompass over the gunwale of an iron ship, and
marking its variation at intervals of three inches, they
found that on one side the.neutral plane was at a distance
of six feet six' inches from the gunwale, whge on the other
side of the ship it was nearly . eighteen feet, the average
being about eleven . feet, 'and it was found by experiment
to-be eleVen feet six inches. Having referred to the-vari,-
ation of the compasses of the Tayleur, which he remarked
was the cause of the loss of that vessel, he described the
tlefOitive manner in which compasses were fitted in many

ships; in some cases being within the direct influence
An iron tiller: In cases where the magnetic distribut-
was unavourable„ he. reconn - -
of the ship;t And by subje

collision er -firing gui
into a more favourable
duced by shocks of lightning, as had been proved in
instances. Variations were also occasioned by eh

!ct was also prc

of temperature, such as occurred in c
Gulf stream into the cold wate

crossin,

is ; by ti

He mentioned t

,e years since, tl

Greenland s
by a compass at the Mast-head
ing year they. were verified to be ma
On board the luiperiador, which
compasses were tried on swinging

s were m
id the foll
ically corr

elevatic

two feet,' witl

Lt the sl

Liid lie reeomine►3ded iu eve

I should be elevated on

.ss was free from
part

particle of iron gig, _
vinced that if in such s
influence while in the Mel.sey, it would be so in eve
of the world. This, he thought, was .a simple remedy
IC-
a defect which was of the greatest oansequence to our

The A

Fort

The fall

CZEENC

up to the 20th.
, Admiral Ki