The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-12-05 00:00:00

we do not consi

At the same tim

agreement upon the vexed quest

of neutral rights

)etween Russian and American statesmen ought to

create any undue uneasiness upon our part. It is

quite competent for any two independent States to
enter into such stipulations as those alluded to
without reference to foreign G

and it

is not the first time that either Russia or America
has proclaimed the principle which, as regards each

other, both now bind themselves to hold inviolate
in all time coming. To those, indeed, who look to
a possible alliance in the present war between the
Cabinets of St. Petersburg and Washington, the

signature of such a treaty just now may appear a
circumstance of some significance. But we must
have further proof of the Russian sympathies of the
American Government and people before we jump
to the conclusion that, because they hold the same

doctrines with regard to neutral rights as are enter-
tained at St. Petersburg, they are, therefore, pre-
pared to side with the enemies of European liberty
in the present mighty struggle. We do not say
that such an alliance is impossible ; for the lust of
dominion is not less strong in a great republic than
in a military despotism ; and there are certain
points of resemblance in the past career and in the
present position of Russia and the United States
which it is impossible to overlook. They have both
grown with astonishing rapidity to their present
dimensions ; ambition, we fear, is the ruling prin-
ciple of both ; and, as the present EMPEROR of the
FRENCH remarked a long time ago, they are both
marching on with giant strides to the fulfilment of
their destiny, whatever that may be. But we trust
that Europe is not destined to witness .a close al-
-1 Hance between these Powers in the present strug-
: gle. We know that every enlightened American
would deplore it, as alike unnatural in itself, and
fraught with innumerable perils to his country.

We would, moreover, remind our friends on the
other side of the Atlantic, that of all European
Powers, ancient or modern, Russia has displayed
the least regard for treaties. No matter what may
have been their purport, no matter the solemnities
have observed in their execution, she

she may

maintains them only so long. as it s

yes her pur-

o, and not one minute longer. We do
not refer to her perfidious conduct to Poland, or to
Turkey, or to Persia, each and all of which she has
cheated and plundered in turn. The remarkable
terms of her present convention with the United
States remind us of a notorious breach of faith com-
mitted not fifty years since towards ourselves. In
1801, the long contest between Great Britain and
the armed neutrality was brought to a close by the
death of the Emperor PAUL. His successor entered

poses to do

into a treaty with us very shortly afterwards, in
which the chief point in dispute between the rival
Powers, viz., that free ships should make free goods,
was abandoned. Russia kept to her agreement
until she became a party to the famous treaty of
Tilsit, in 1807. She then simply, by means of an
Imperial manifesto, had the unparalleled effrontery
to repudiate her convention with Great Britain, and
proclaimed afresh the pretensions she had aban-
doned six years before, declaring, moreover, that
she would never more depart from them
statesmen of America would do well to remember
this instructive incident at a time when Russia is
binding herself to regard as " immutable and irre-

—fOr these, it seems, are the words of the
convention—the conditions which it now suits her

vocable

purpose to observe. It is, of course, her interest at
present to encourage and protect the commerce of
neutrals to the utmost of her power. Her own flag
is banished from the seas, but American enterprise,
she shrewdly intends, shall supply its place ; and
she enters, moreover, into this commercial connec-
tion at a time when there is every probability of
her European trade being still further circumscribed
than it yet has been. Prussia cannot long remain
neutral in a contest like the present. Her diplo-
matists flattered themselves that the storm would
soon blow over, and that some means would be
found of patching-up a peace. But, unfortunately,
from day to, day these hopes grow fainter ; and the
question of maintaining our present generous policy
towards the commerce of our enemy has assumed a
grave importance. We cannot, indeed, interfere
with this American convention without departing
from the principle which we laid clown at the com-
mencement of the war, and reviving to their full
extent our belligerent rights. But without incon-
venience to any neutral Power we can rescind that
Order in Council which permits the free importa-
tion of Russian produce into this country. By this
means a constant supply of British gold is flowing
into the coffers of our enemy which might be
stopped at once. We trust that, even during the
short session of Parliament which is about to take
place, this question will receive its due attention.

WRECK OF THE TAYLEUR.—The committee of

the Tayleur fund held a meeting on Friday, to wind up
the accounts of the subscription ; Lord Talbot de Mala-
hide in the chair. It is very satisfactory to find that, after
all outgoings, a sum of nearly £7OO remained, which has
been invested in government stock for the future relief
of " shipwrecked strangers." A well-deserved compliment
is paid in the report to Mr. H. L. Allen, the secretary to
the Waterford Steam-ship Company, to whose exertions
the sufferers were greatly indebted, amongst others, for
many comforts they were much in need of.—Freeman's
Journal.

STEEPLE - CHASING. - MRS. M`DONAGIC AND THE
KNIGHT OF GLYNN.—A short time ago, a match was
agreed upon between Mrs. A. M`Donagh and the Knight of
Glynn, to ride a steeple chase over the Confy Castle course,
for 100 sovs., to come off on the 4th December. A sporting
writer gives the following particulars :—The ground se-
lected is about nine miles from Dublin, and is almost
skirted by the Midland Great Western Railway. Mrs.
111`Donagh is to ride Seaman, winner of the Limerick
Grand National Steeple Chase, last month ; and the Knight
of Glynn his.own mare, Victory, whose cross-country per-
formances are by no means discreditable. The distance
agreed upon is three miles, over a fair hunting country,
and both riders are to mount as light as possible. Seaman
is a perfectly-trained hunter, and has been ridden to
Is regularly in the county Kildare by Mrs. M`Donagh,
who is said to be a most accomplished equestrian. It has
been said that thd gallant 'knight will suffer himself to be
beaten by his fair competitor, but the prevalent opinion is
the match is a bond fide one, and .that both riders will do
lall in their power to win.

FRANC

Gardes, (

nadiers, Volt

By 12 o'clock th

keurs of

troops had take

de of the Grand Avenue, with the

tes of th

tioned, also in line

d from the Place d
whilst the other I

►long the great r

Elyeges, their left joining. the rig

, -
regi meats, and forming thus an Mthrob
length. The coup d'ceil was magnificen
precisely, the Emperor's Staff emerged f

'ain of

At one o'

theeEniperoi wa.s noticed one of our own, belonging to the
Life Guards. [The Imperial staff was immediately fol.
lowed by the celebrated Cent Gardes, and at the same mo-
ment the balcony of the centre window of the Palace was
occupied by Her Majesty the Empress, Lord Palmerston
Lord Cowley, M. Drouyn de Lhuys, several foreign
Ministers, and a crowd of notabilities. By the account;
in the Constitutionnel we learn that the volunteering
woceeds with the utmost enthusiasm. At Nantes th
d - " 'he names of vol

order to receive t._ tunteers arrived on Friday
the 24th, and gave rise to a striking demonstration :

" The first two battalions of the 9th Light Infantry caused
themselves to be enscribed en masse," says the Union
Bretonne," and the choice will be difficult among so many
brave soldiers, animated with the same sentiment and the
The men who have served mo

same ardour

months, and those who have at least a year more to serve,
are alone to be taken." At Rouen the enthusiasm ap-
tenon PCIUDY The local journal

iews that

6t men were required

with enthusiasm by the garrison.
11,110 hatnlinne of A.A+.ll anti Al

minutes thl

gent of 240 men. Unanimous regret was felt at the
number of volunteers called on to share the success of our
arms in the East not being greater, and it was with
sorrow that a number of brave soldiers learned that they

must resign themselves to waiting for their turn of march-

ing against the enemy. The -volunteering from the
regiments belonging to the garrison of Paris took place
on Saturday. The number of volunteers far exceeded that
which was called for by the Government, and the men had
to draw lots. The soldiers on whom the lot fell were de-
lighted, and cried, " Vive l'Enzpereur
already left Paris on their way to the C

SPAIN.

A teleg

graphic despatcl

Madrid, c

30th ult., announces- that the new Spanish Ministry is
composed as follows :—Espartero, President of the Coun-
cil; O'Donnell, Minister of War ; Luzuriaga, Foreign
Affairs ; Aguirre, Justice; Collado, Finance ; Allende,
Marine; Salazar, Interior; Santa Cruz, Public Works.
A telegraphic despatch from Madrid, of the Ist instant
announces that the Cortes had deron--, '

by a majority of
;lla„ and her

206 to 21, that the throne of Queen Isabe
dynasty, are the basis of the body politic in SF

ITALY.-A letter from Rom
" At nine o'clock, the day before yesterd

of the

Ith
• nlarp in

one of the halls of the Vatican, and undei:the presidency
of Cardinals Brunelli, Catermi, and Santucci, the first
meeting of the bishop on the important question which
has just assembled at Rome so many of the lights of the
Church. Nothing is allowed to transpire, either of the
subjects to be discussed, or of the mode adopted for the
discussion. All those who are engaged in the question
are bound to secrecy. An official list has just been pub-
lished, which declares the number of prelates present at
Rome on the 18th instant to be 51 cardinals, 37 arch-
bishops, and 57 bishops. More have arrived since, and
others are coming every day."

AUSTRIA.—It is said that Lord Westmorland announced
on Friday, by electric telegraph, to Lord Clarendon, the
signature of the treaty of alliance between Austria and
the Western Powers.

Russre.—From the Baltic we are informed that Russia
has commenced new fortifications at Sweaborg and
Helsingfors. Berlin correspondence states :—" The Rus-
sian answer to the Prussian note expresses a willingness
of the Emperor to treat on the following terms :—` First,
a common guarantee by the Five Powers of the rights of
the Christian subjects of the Porte, without distinction as
to confession. Second, a common protectorate of the
Principalities to be exercised by the Five Powers on the
terms of the treaties now existing between Russia and
the Porte. Third, a revision of the treaty of 1841. Fourth,
the free navigation of the Danube.' "
GREECE.—The Independance Belge publishes the fol-
lowing letter :—" Athens, November 17.—1 have but one
piece of intelligence to communicate to you by this mail,
but it is of a serious nature, and in the high political
regions it has excited real uneasiness. England, it is
said, is still animated with a feeling of resentment against
our government, on account of the lamentable facts which
took place at the period of the insurrection of the Greco-
Turkish provinces, at the beginning of the war in the East.
The Cabinet of St. James, it appears, holds the Sovereign
himself responsible for the faults committed at the time
by the Cabinet ; and we have been assured that in a recent
interview in London between Lord Clarendon and M.
Tricoupi, the Minister of Greece in England, the words
' moral forfeiture' were pronounced. M. Tricoupi has for-
warded to his Government, in a confidential letter, the ac-
count of that interview, and the conversation that passed
between him and the English Minister. The French Go-
vernment, it is added, does not feel the same irritation as
the English Government, and endeavours to soothe the
latter by expressing a hope that the Greek Cabinet would
perceive the necessity of adopting a policy more conform-
able to the exigencies of the moment. * * The English
Cabinet had repeatedly demanded the dismissal of all that
Camarilla ; but the French Government, with a view to
conciliate, did not deem it expedient for the present to in-
sist on the execution of the measure, which, however,
would be most desirable. You are no doubt aware that
diplomatic and commercial relations are about to be re-
sumed between the Porte and Greece, and that a treaty of
commerce will be concluded between the two nations.

* Six Greek soldiers of the waggon train, who, being in
a complete state of intoxication, attacked at night a carr3age
in which were several French officers, for the sake of hav-
ing themselves conveyed to the Plexus, were lately tried
by court-martial.- Three were sentenced to ten years'
hard labour, and the others acquitted. M. Touret, a
French phil-Hellene, has been appointed Military Com-
mander of Athens," The greatest terror has been caused
at Athens, (says the Constitutionnel,) by the cholera.
Not only has a considerable part of the population taken
to flight, but the Minister of War has been obliged to
place on the retired list a number of officers, who, on the
first appearance of the malady, quitted their posts ; the
Minister of Public Instruction, M. Psyilas, locked himself
up in his cabinet, and refused to see any one even on the
business of his department ; and a number of physicians
pretended that they were -too ill to attend to the sick.
Amongst the medical men who thus neglected their duty
was M. Rezer, principal physician to the King ' • he closed
his door against everybody as long as the malady was at
its height. A steamer, with 700 fugitives from the
demic, foundered with all on board.

INDIA AND Cain a.—According to the last news, the
Embassy from Ava had reached Rangoon. The Golden-
footed Monarch is now anxious to enter into a treaty with
the English, but entreats us •to restore some portion of
his territory seized during the recent war. The dis-
turbance in the Nizam's country has ceased. The Delhi
Gazette prints letters from its special correspondent on
the Oxus, which gives reports of Russian successes in the
Kokan, the Badshah of that place having been defeated
with 50,000 men, whom he opposed to the enemy. The
King of Bokhara is said to lean to the Russians. The
Bokhara merchants have written to their agents at Cabul
to stop their investments. A slight shock of an earth-
quake was felt at Canton on the 29th Sep., and was followed
by a hurricane, which did considerable damage to the ship-
ping. At Canton matters remain much the same as previously
reported. The Mandarin forces still hold the city, but act
only on the defensive. The rebels are apparently getting
tired of starving the city into a capitulation, or there is
disorganisation amongst their bands. Trade is beginning
to be re-established. The rebels still hold on Shanghae,
but their energy is failing, and they receive no reinforce-
ments. From Singapore we learn that there is considerable
local agitation on the subject of the currency, in con-
sequence of the Government of India persisting in making
the rupee and the copper coinage of India current in the
Straits, and thereby excluding the dollar and copper cents
at present in use. The Singapore public have agreed to
petition both Houses of Parliament against the rupee
currency.

AIISTRALIA.—Dates from Sydney to Sept. 20th, Mel-
bourne 25th, and Adelaide Sept. 28th, have been received
by the overland mail. Employment was rather scarce in
Melbourne. This want of employment the Argus ac-
counts for by the difficulties of acquiring land, over-
exportation to the colony from the United Kingdom, and,
to some extent, to the conduct of " the working men
themselves, who, attracted by the high rate of wages, have
lingered in the town, and refused to diffuse themselves
over the country ; and, now that the scale of wages is de-
clining, refuse to work for lower rates. They prefer to
remain idle, to expend the produce of previous industry,
and to defer still further the commencement of those
public and private works which only the high price of
labour, in addition to the diminution of available capital,
has delayed." The most noticeable feature in connexion
with gold, at present, is the increased attention recently
given to quartz crushing. According to the Melbourne
Gold Circular, a very general feeling exists at the diggings
that mechanical agency must be introduced for the profit-
able working of the goldfields of Victoria. It is well
known that a considerable quantity of gold is to be got by
going over those fields long since deserted by the diggers,
provided sufficient machinery be employed. Several very
large nuggets have recently been discovered. One was
found at Maryborough, weighing. 500 ounces, and a quartz
specimen found at Ballarat, containing a large proportion
of gold, weighed 98 pounds. The Maryborough goldfield
is considered extremely rich, but there is a great scarcity
of water. The Melbourne and Hobson Bay Railway, the
first in Australia, was opened by Charles Hotham, the
governor; on the 12th of September. The Sydney journals
are mostly taken up with the proceedings in the legislature.
One of the most prominent topics of discussion was the
new constitution bill, and the establishment of a mint.
The revenue of the year was computed at £26,000, and the
expenditure £34,000. The colonists were contributing
liberally to the war defence fund. For the week ending
the 2nd of September, the quantity of gold received at
Melbourne was 28,941 ounces ; for the week ending on the
9th, it was 31,728 ounces. The whole quantity of gold
shipped from the colony during the present year is
1,489,800 ounces, valued at £5,923,200 sterling.
WEST INDIES.--The steam-ship Magdalena arrived at
Southampton, on Friday, with dates—Vera Cruz, Nov. 4
Tampico, 2nd; Havana, 9th ; Jamaica, 10th ; Barbadoes,
11th ; St. Thomas, 15th. She brought $2,250,000 in
specie. At Jamaica little progress had been made in the
organisation of the new form of government. Cholera
still prevailed in a mitigated form in some of the parishes.
The markets retained a steady aspect, with rather an
upward tendency of prices. Exchange at last quotations.
In Demerara the drought still continued, and the crops,
sugar excepted, were suffering severely. St. Lucia is free
of cholera, but the weather was rainy and unsettled. At
Grenada the weather was dry and hot, and the plantations
were considered as looking well. The cholera was dis-
appearing from Trinidad, but 3 few cases existed at St.
Kitt's. The weather tad been generally favourable for

DECI

Thomas's,

5, 1 854.

d. been exile'

'rom Valparaiso we have ay
Business was brisk, im

•_
.tant tbre
Peru,

Government forces laving been taken by.
President had fallen back on the capital
the
Some disturbances took place in Lima, the ,
shouting loudly for Castilla, the leader of the ins
EGYPT.—Letters from Alexandria, of the 12t.
that the Viceroy left that morning for Cairo at th as.
that
battalions of infantry and a few batteries 0
to
Said Pacha continues to pay great atteation
e organisation of the army. Before his departare,_,;
Ick to their homes a number of old soldiers out
Atwas Pacha had kept in the service fields the rO7O
term. They will be veruseful in the . sere*
hatch of troops left in the first wee
'tuber, for Constantinople on Alexandria,oard of a Turkish steanw,er
'feamers are expected for conveying the reraw

Menekli Pacha's diision to the theatre of war.
Pilussia..—The opening of the Chambers, by t
lerick in person, took place on Thursday. The. go,
:ominent and generally interesting portion of bisioo,
,esty's address will be found in the subjoined : A b„bers
conflict has broken out between three powerful Wel" bag
of the joint family of European States. This confile_iari
not as yet affected our fatherland. I have fresh ocrttar
to hope, from recent events, that the basis fortisbetter
understanding will soon, perhaps, be attained ;
ti the
draw closer the union between Prussia, Austria, ,31:, rop
rest of Germany. I shall continue to look upon "A.„",eiga
task to plead for peace, for the recognition of 'Nor
states, and for moderation. Should I, eventually, be "ily
pelled to define the true position of Prussia,
faithful people will, I am certain, bear the inevitable die
dens with resignation, and meet such eventualities. at
army will be put in a state of readiness, the improc.exa;sr,
in individual arms will strengthen our efficiency 1,,13 „er
our materiel be increased, and the loan voted by lor;ers
Chambers will be realised." Some of the Germanitsrsio
have announced, that last week Austria and rrthe
signed an additional article to the treaty g deat
20th of April. The Morning Ghroniele correspo tot
sends a translation of the text of that iln}?„e!.,, 0
.0-
document. It is as follows :—Additional ar",'";tria
the treaty of the 20th April, 1854, between 4 the
and Prussia.—The continued threatening state °,,10,4
affairs of Europe has induced the high Courts of 'C:dirig•
and Berlin to consider the necessity of au underg,nOtb
proper to complete the provisions of the treaty of t-c thin
of April. The high Sovereigns have coincides l'f the
consideration, that in as far as regards the treatY,2 oth
20th of April, extended by the Federal decision of I'Pe oa,
of July, it is above all things necessary to act in 00,111,./11,f a
in order to bring about the acceptation by the Dle`',i)ich
basis for the future negotiations of peace, a basis " ono,
which would be recognised by them as the proPe! the
They acknowledge that such a basis is to be found nitliebi
four preliminary points, in favour of the adoption of 've,„irt
Austria and Prussia have already interfered with the
of Russia; and they will endeavour, according to eire,tlio-ii•
stances, to procure for that basis a favourable roe?"eodr •
Although the hope of advancing towards a pacific 11,e•
standing depends on the adoption of that basis, Suingto
ral situation of Europe, and the necessity of pure of
object of peace with more force, requires that the idea,svu'
Germany should act with union. Guided by that or
and appreciating all the dangers which might result
Germany from an attack against the Austrian troops,o,
only if the Russians entered into the Austrian teril?„ of
but also into the Principalities, his Majesty the gll3.,:st' t
• Prussia takes, takes, by these presents, with regard to his 3,1'0
ally his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, the engg;„811 be
of giving him assistance, even in this last case , ero'
reckons that the other members of the German Conl°„itif
tion will also testify, and will prove, in case of lieee-tbd
by their acceptance of the present lditional artiele:e at
same anxiety to offer assistance to Austria. I),tjyil,
Vienna, this 23th of November, 1854. (Signed),
'-
DE BITOL. COMTE D'ARNIM.

v„bi/

BRAZIL.—The Royal Mau screw steamship .-
Captain Green, arrived on Saturday, with seventee:,oo44
stingers, gold valued at £5,212 12s. 6d and di°,:-01,0'
valued at R 44,966. She left Rio Janeiro on the
vember, Bahia on the 6th, Pernambuco on i'citl'
Funchal (Madeira) on the 24th, and Lisbon on tbf,'itDie
The Madrid packet was at Lisbon, and would sail Bri"
he,
usual mails for Southampton, on the 29th Noveinjoillt f
letter, dated Buenos Ayres, October 12th, says
stock company has been formed for establishine,lse;
steamers between this port and the Rosario. -toil%
starts for England, by the Plata, to make the 9"„Aolle'
a=rrangements. During the last fortnight our 3 ter
market has been unsettled, with a decidd upwarToiget
dency. Ounces may be quoted at $350 currency. the Y.;
on England, at 645. per doubloon. On Sunday,
inst., a boat, belonging to the British brig (Pee -cost
Exe, was swamped, and four seamen drowned." —erg
derable improvement had taken place in business ge°,oo.
at Buenos Ayres; imports particularly sharing there % tile
This is owing to a feeling of greater confidence 1,5 of
Government counteracting the effects of the rutele the,
disaffection spread by those interested in subvectolf au
a
present state of things. Produce continued scafT
high, preventing any advance in exchange, XOllll Mlrd
quoted at 645. to 645.- 3d. Freights were doll
declining ; namely, hides, 40s. ; dry hides, 80s. ; otbef
355. ; bales, 30s. Many vessels were leaving f°,,r„tobec.:
ports in ballast. At Monte Video, on the 16th vus
Gu
exchange was quoted at 40d. to 401 d. Freight vr°of the
from want of produce from Up River. The pocertYotog
internal resources of this province were daily bfic, be
more apparent, and business in import could 11ara nto
a more apathetic state. Commercial transactions kd.;f the
Janeiro, for the week previous to the deParturr„ coffee
er Bahiana, had been less extensive in imports. ." indt
there existed little disposition to effect oth than Of"
pensable purchases. The ruling price. for assortmh
were; for the Channel,: f 4 to 45300 ; and for the No.rtro;
Europe, 4.400 to 45450. The quantity shiPPed
the month of October was 175,245 bags. Sugar, tocti!;
port, was quoted at 3sloo to 35300 and at 25300
t°
Exchange on London, at 271 to 28'; on France, 34.9:,5,
Freights to Channel, 525. 6d. to 555. ; Liverpool, real
455. Bahia advices state that the demand for a
improved. Sugar was coming in very slowly, _,al/ pof
cane was beginning to suffer from drought. Ta` 010
was quite healthy. In exchange unimportant trails/ fof
had taken place at 37g. Freights to the Charls.
s, 525. 6d. to 555. ; Hamburg, 555.; Baltic, to
655. ; Liverpool, 40s. to 455. ; and to London, 50s' close'
At Pernambuco, the sugar crop was brought to ;erP.,'
having yielded 50,963 tons. The new crop was ge "e
tdmittecl to be large, but the supplies were 11'a
ow!y. The new crop of cotton was abundant, 18; °P
ality excellent. Exchange on London, 271. t° ottt
'ls, 350. Freights to Liverpool, for sup r 3°8;!,1-, 1„5
. ; hides, 40s. ; to the Channel, ar, or'',ll6
.figlish brig Earl of Derby was taken UP °3 'to the
IrS
.49vember, at 705., and 5 per cent. for suf.'', fot tti
English Channel for orders, with usual extras
'ontinent.

id. per lb
the I

e
THE BALTIC FLEET. fla" At
Nov. 27.---:The withdrawal of the line;,,°3l.
ps from their present anchorage will be grau,ylol,,i,
atervals of two or three days a few will leave for frf,
The James Watt, 91, Captain G. Elliott, and C,_tt,,as eiffto
Captain John Robb, sail on the 28th, on their J3°.i,cru
few• •oe
voyage, when the squadron at this port will be ,ctio
eight sail of the line and a few paddle-steamers, 'for
for the purpose chiefly of proceeding to Elsinor3e ,a oev.:
necessary supplies in the shape of live bullocks 1' r
tables for the various ships, and to keep up a regulagulflo°
munication with the squadron cruising off tiltd te,An'p
Finland. The Vulture, Captain F. H. Glasse, s3l" o,3dr"e,'
for Dago Ort to communicate with the blockadiny: sqerietohe
under the orders of Captain R. Watson, in the I"ll,vth pC
The Rosamond returned to port at eight Pull ;pis
pilots for the James Watt and Cresar, which
for England to-morrow morning at daylight.