The Statesman.
London, England, 1824-01-02 00:00:00

'

THE s.r KiESMA

mom.
Victor Emanuel, except a little weakness, which his Majesty
experienced yesterday. qe slept at intervals, and enjoyed
his meals as u.nal ; the pulse was not sensibly &Altered, the
couch not frequent ; the pain in the head and left breast is
not increased.
Their Majesties and the Duchess of Chahlais, breakfasted
at the Palace of Moucalieri.—(The Gazette Pieintontea,
Dee 20 •
( . lite )
Gazette of Dec. 22, gives no account of his Males,
ty's health.)
!,asset.. Dec. 22.—M. de Stiunerfeld. the Minister of the
Interior, died yesterdsy, at the .tie of ti:).

MALI S.
ARR. . DUE. ABR.. DE& •
1 .... Dublin 0 0....H011and I
O ... Waterford.. • . .2 o....llainbro . r '
O ...G & Jersey. • . 2 O.... France ...... ...OC-1
1.... Lisbon 0 0 —Flanders .... .../.
O ...Lisbon
• 2 0.... Malta. •• • • ••• •

'1
DAY AT ONE OCLOC.
India Stock
Ditto Bonds. • • • • .. 81
Ex.Fllll.2d:
wow. c 63 61 52 pis.
3001. 63 61 52 pm.
Small.. Si A als pm
Lottery Tickets. .191. 196
Coo. for Acct 46i

PRICE OF STOCKS TIM.
Rank stork. .e • 234
3 per Ct. Red Si $6l
3 p. Ct. Cons
3i per Cent
4 per yenta.
Neer Fonrs
Long tnn .21 13.0..22
Imp. 3 per Ct .4. •

rot ittatestnan.

FRIDAY EVENING; JANUARY ,2, 1524.'

STOCK EXCHANGE, 12 o'Cr.ocn.—Consols opened th ,
morning, at S7:l, for the Account, and soon after rose to
12. Tile rise was owing to an Express from Paris, bring.:
ing the French Itentes at 92 Si. We do not bear of an
news from the above CapitaL
ruItEIGN 17CNDS.—Spanich Bonds opened at 2511; went
np to ; 241, at which price they remain steady, owing to
many persons still believing that the Old Spanish Loan
will be recognized. At Paris their price is 274. Themost
business doing in our Foreign Market, is in the New
Austrian Loan, and in Ituss!an Bonds, which retain ter

prices. •
The amount of the Austrian Loan contracted for lily
Messrs. Baring, Brothers. and Co., Reid, Irvine, and t
and N. M. Rothschild, is 2,500,0001. sterling, which sis
to be paid into the English Treasury, to liquidate
the debt due by Austria to this country. Purchases
and Sales wi:l be effected here at the fixed Exchange of 10
Florins per Pound Sterling ; and the Dividends made pay
able in Lundon, at the the same rate during Twelve Years,
through 31r. Rothschild (or Si Vienna, in Florins, at the
option of the Bolder), on the .first of May and Ist of Nov.
Messrs. Baring, Brothers and Co. will issue Scrip Receipts
at the price of S:.? per Cent., hearing Interest from the ht of
November 1523, and al!o %ea Discount at the rate of Foal.
per Cent. per Annum on Payments in full, or receive the
following 1 ostolments, viz.:—
T, n per Cent. on the litts January 1324 ; 25 on the 12th
Feb.; 15 on the 15th March ; 20 on the 12th April; 'A
on the 10th May.-1110.
The Bonds will all be of 1000 Florins, each equivalent
to 1001. Five per Cent Stock.
In all other Foreign securities there is very little doing.
New Spin;sh 17i to 1-o,d ditto. 251 to 20 -_Nev Ace-
trian .1/ t..s—ltossiaS':;;C:—Coloolt)ie 59 to 70i to
71 —New Prusrisn to. 1: Prussian 'JI.

Private letters from Paris, reerived to-day, asset t that the
French Ministry, of late, have accumulated great strength,
and all opposition against ti em has fallen to the ground.
The Itu.sian interest is fast dying pray, and the English.
Ambassador has the greatest ascendancy. It appears to be
their intention that peace shall be maintainet.l in Europe.

In spite of the manifest absurdity of deciding questions
of interest upon the authority of names, and in spite of h
absurdity having been so ably exposed by Lord flicon, by
Locke and other eminent writers, we still find mankind
prone to put truth to the vote, preferring an imitlicit re-
liance
upon preceding ages of ignorance, to any original
train of thought, or to any dependence upon their own
understandings. It is thus that the religious and political
absurdities of barbarous petiods, are upheld through ages
i enlightened by philosophy and wiener, and misery is often
inflicted upon inanhind merely in obedience to the dicta
of men, whose names out to have no wiight upon any
t other subjects than those immedistely connected with their

own periods.
FrW names Lave been so frequently qnote 1 to stipport
mischievous errors as Ord of Sir Mathew li tle—and he is
now referred to as an indispntsble anthority by a writer on
the st de of Ireland, whose object is to relieve that country
from its present.stderings by measures temporizing between
enlarged principles of justice, anti the present reprehensible
system of the English Government:. The slam. tells tit
that. Lord Chid justice 1141 e observes that, "the previw
Lion of poverty, idleness snd a loose disorderly education,
even of roor children, would do more good than all the
*gibbets, and cauterizations anti.whipping posts and gaols in
the Kingdom, lac." Now it peeds no 11host from the
grave to, tell us a truth so palp4.lsle, that it• has passed into
ao apborim—that extreme poverty is the source of crime,
and that the preventiot(:7of ope implies the cessation
of the other. . tilot - thin
.. question is, how to prr'l
vent poverty in society; . tied *nether question may
be entertained on tie origin -of poverty in civiiiied colp7l
:m enhirs. l'ostriy in-tbeitgregate is meaty the eseeps
of. demand over ratio of. the supply of the necessaries
'of life; B. diminlihing* demand :or increasing supply
would form- no permanent peeiention.of poverty--foc.thv
texual propensities frill alWirt increase
.population WV
it press on supply, sad create a. reaction. of want- and i
11 misery to the extreme of diosiniehing -population. This
'principle iti political • economy was-•Onknovia:, in "t be'
.days of lie Matthew hale; who_ vainly linkrioe.t: that'
ending Work - for the poor, and educating -children
._.
would-pgatestikeity. und'oiliterate crimes. All tilitia 4
sow produced is the world is Consumed, and unless 4)iricel..

tarewere improved, or new lands brought ender caltivatior,
therinployment of the poor could only modify existing sub-
stances, and not increase their amount. It is idle therefore
to reflect npon what Sir Matthew Hale has written opals
tlkis suhject, let us rather inquire how we can immediately
relieve the present mass of poverty which absolutely de-
stroys Ireland, and opprewes-Eogland and Scotland, and
let tie further inquire how we are to prevent a recurrence
(shire evil. There are hut ilia methods of attaioing the
first object—transport the superfluous population who may
be willing to emigrate, to the unoccupied and fertile lands
of healthy colonies—not in large masses and on Uncertain
data as the Secretary of the Admiralty has done to the Cape
of Good llope,,but in bodies that trill rather augment those
establish-d settlements having superfluons traels of land; the
second means is to establish equal laws,& todestroy religious
distinctidris, obliterate tithes, diminish taxes, gradually
relieve trade from all restrictions, and thus the labour of
the people will produce what will draw from South it me•
rico provision sufficiesst to prevent the possibility of poverty
• .
forages. itt the same -time, instead of teaching dogmas
itld religious theories, let religion he used as a sanction to.
morality. If the folly and wickedness of Statesmen do not
prevent it, South America sill banish want and misery
from Europe fur centuries, white tins manufacturing indite-
try of linrope will diffuse the comforts and re-
finements of life over the vast regions of South
America. There are eulogies so distant that they,
cannot exchange their raw produce for (stir ett?tartlttaus
manufactured goods—philanthropy would dictate to our
Goverement to encourage manufactures in those colonies;
hut, says Adam Smith, the statesman or politician is a
paltry animal, seeking merely isolated and selfish advan•
Cages and generally by circuitous means tbat defeat their

Objects.
But what has been the. origin 0: poverty in society,
and of all its attendant miseries and crimes—the perver-
ion of religion---and financial extortion's. What
eight not have been the happiness of mankind, if
the tithe of that time spent in learning religions theories
hail been occupied in moral studies, and in. softening the
Imams mind by literature, and the arts and science.? But
taxation has bren another :real source of human misery.
The unquestionable effects of taxation are a disproportionate
number of the upper classes of society, and the employment
of a vast mass of the population in useless labour. The
go:dirr and the sailor produce nothing to soriet. • they are
idle Lands, and the manufacturers of magnets, of swords,
and of the decorations of ',di:tory pageantry, with that
of ships and ssils to he worn out in cruizes, is a!l labour
thtowe away. Bat such expenditure Increases the number
of idle hands, and idleness is the great parent of cri.nie,
and it fills the coffers of a few, in whose service the
labourer is afterwards obliged to sacrifice the greater
portion of his toil. The industry of the mechanic cannot
1 procure him the comforts of life. He is thus ignorant of
the blessings of property, that great moralizer of all our
i,thoughts and action..

- --
Jot Semiotic,. been recei red . front Madrid to the 22.1 inst.
They costal* a frightful pietere of the wretchedness an I
disorders of that capital, and of the kingdom in general.
The only pessons that seemed to enjoy the least security.
or oho testify the least satisfaction at the late chang,s.
ire the King, the monks, the smugglers, and gipsies. The
latter classes, joined to the immense number of persons
d missed from the ranks of the army, or deprived of
their civil employments by the ashninistration of Saes,
commit the greatest disorders, and render all ecurinionit a..
lion between one part of the kingdom and another either
entirely impossible, or extremely dangerous without an
imposing escort. The Commander of the French Army
of Occupstion, General Bourinont, is exerting himself to
put .ao end to some of the disorders which the invasion has
orea,ioned, but as yet has not with little success. Ills
orders are to disregard entirely the wishes or prejudices
of the Spanish Court, when in opposition to the security
of Isis troops. Ile is, in fact, the Sovereign of Spain at
t;uis moment. The French Andmisador, Talaro, fetid& his
folly, has been rendered a cipher. .
SP.INISII Rercs:Ecs.—Ostr readers will perceive from
the advertisement, that a meeting for the benefit of the poor
palled constitotion .lists, is called by the Lord Provost, for
Wednesday, the ;Gs, at the Ton n Hall—next week we.shall
sly a few worth upon it—in the meantinio, we are glad to
arhnowledge the receipt of th;rtreo !follow from the in•
loshitants of the small village of Johnston., of whom we
beg to enquire whether they ante, d that su.n for the cow
mon fond of the Spaniards, or pa tienlarly for Itiego's
family' Their warm feelings are above our praise.—
(Wargoio Free Press of Wednesday )
'Viscount Melville transacted business at the Foreign
Otter yesterday.
31r. Secretary Canning was so far recovered from his
hawk of the gout as to. transact hesiness at the Foreign
(Office, Downing Street, on Treaday lair.
'flip Speaker of the House of Cosnmons has returned to
his official residence in Old Police Yard, from his
ex4iisive tour on the Continent. Aller visaing France
and Switzerland. he proceeded to.•Floernce apd Atom,.
where he waS present at the Voriatiatiint of the Pope ;
Mi. be returned to England . a Um days -since, aili
-I'.liii. i . . • .- -.,i .. • •.
• 1 t is -report din the politleal cierles,•tbat the paleness(
Peerage;g ranked to Chief Justice Ahboft and Sir Robert
Gifford, are limited to their natural lives, and do not ex-
tend to their children. These crerstiens are of so novel a
eliakacter, that we hesitate to believe in the repOrt.
- The Duke of YOrk bold a levee on Tuesday, as Commander
inEtief, et ills Olfice in in* !forst Guards, which was attended
hyvabont 10 military officiirs.
• Yesterday movni g. at four o'clock; the Doke of York left
hiatftidence iU the 'stable Yard, Si: James's, on a visit to
•the Earl of Westmorland, at hi/ seat at Wallets
ford, Anrtliamptonsliire, on a shooting rwcursion.. •
WlNDsota, December 31.-Os Mortis) her. Royal, Highness
the Princess 44gifstia and :,tits left Promisors+ own visit lo the
Doke and Mehra+ of Olocestcr at lilagsbot,Park. • Yesterday
theakth reel:tient 'marched in here froilltrenlfdrll.
The Deke of •ItiWeis, in tilt capacity of (TM& Waster of
telland,' la about lb receive another • IferferiugAidt•deseried
milk of respect from the Mdsonie 'fraternity in this and the
ediniaing county: a.,--llis birth Clay is, wt understand, to, be
•itiatehrated by a grand Masonic tueetiegi at which the eeiensuity
'4O installing iir Al althew White Ridley, Hart. as :Prot Weill
,erillnd Master for.Norttiumikerland, wiil take place.—(New-
castle-paper.)
. Pusot; Mtpu)siocr yo TUC PUKE or tissa,--;.The :gar
Committee hail ng Win insp.-Clod dif Cite, find made their final
' irionesmenti, stadigaing tor'iltir ientidition has connoreced
aPark Crescent,Porditisttlece; ivhervitie monument will be
toed torelveteit within the ratlines, oodwie. whole completed
144ert frirgittPll. MP AV: of the pedestal is; we ender
steed; Considered one of The burst specieseas of eremite, bulb
_auto o,aserislostid norkinanabila; , ever proueht to-this metro-,
.golisi.And with the plinth, &c. anti *nor, will sroliflk opvaNa
of 2ti tons. .