The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-11-25 00:00:00

CAPTURE OF GHUZNEE AND CABUL.

The proceedings of General Nott, of which we had but a
meagre account by the mail of the Ist of October, appear to
have been highly successful. Shumsooden, the Affghan
Governor of Ghuznee, having attempted to annoy the British
force on its march, was repulsed on the 23d of August, and
totally routed on the 30th. The loss of the British amounted
to 36 killed and 68 wounded. Among the former was Cap-
tains Bury and Reeves, of the 3d Bombay Cavalry. On the
sth of September Ghuznee was invested, and preparations
were made to attack it on the following day, but during the
night the enemy evacuated it. General Nott immediately
entered it, and having planted the British flag in the fortress,
made his arrangements, and within four or five days the
fortifications were destroyed, both of the city and of the
citadel. A number of the 27th Bengal Native Infantry, who
had been prisoners since March last were released.
General Pollock, who had on the 3d of September reached
Gundamuck, 26 miles to the westward of Jellalabad, left that
place on the 7th, and reached Soorkab, a distance of nearly
10 miles. On the 13th, on approaching the Tazeen Pass,
about 16,000 Affghans attempted to oppose the British from
a position of great strength. That position was soon turned,
and they sere forced to retire. Again they sought to make
resistance from another height, but they were equally unsuc-
cessful. Their loss was considerable : twelve Ghilzie Chiefs
are said to have fallen, two guns, three standards, and a large
quantity of ammunition and stores were taken by the British.
The loss of the latter was 32 killed and 130 wounded.
Among the former was H vder Allee, the Commander of the
Jezailchees, and among the latter, Captains Lushington and
Geils. and Lieutenants Norton and Montgomery. On the
14th General Pollock advanced to Boodkhah ; on the 15th he
encamped on the race-ground of Cabul, and on the 16th the
British colours were planted in the Balla Hissar.
The Delhi Gazette of Oct. 3 states that Mrs. Trevor with
eight children, Captain and Mrs. Anderson with three chil-
dren, and Captain Troass and Dr. Campbell, had come into
the British camp ; that Cabul was quiet, and supplies plenti-
ful ; that General Pollock had expectations to recover the re-
mainder of the prisoners within eight or ten days, with the
er ep tion of Captain Bygrave. who was carried off by Akhbar
Khan, and that Sir Richmond Shakespeare, with 700 Kuz-
zilbashes, had proceeded to Bameean in search of the other
prisoners.
The Governor-General issued the subjoined general order
on the receipt of the intelligence of the capture of Cabul :
" SECRET DEPARTMENT.
" BOMBAY CASTLE, OCT. 12.

"The Hon. the Governor in Council has unbounded
gratification in re-publishing for general information the
following general orders, dated Simla, the 30th of September,
published by the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India,
announcing the occupation of Ghuznee, by the Candahar
division of army under the command of Major-General
Nott, on the 6th of September, and its entire destruction,
and likewise the defeat of Mahomed Akhbar Khan, at the
head of 16,000 men at Tezeen, on the 30th of September, by
the forces under the command of Major-General Pollock,
and the occupation of Cabul on the 12th of the same month.
" The Hon. the Governor in Council is pleased to direct
that these brilliant successes, by which British supremacy
has been completely re-established throughout Affghanistan,
be fully explained to all the troops at all the stations and
garrisons of this Presidency, and that a salute of 21 guns be
fired for the capture of Ghuznee, and a similar salute for the
capture of Cabul, at each station.
" By order of the Hon. the Governor in Council,
"J. P. VvILLOUGH BY,
" Secretary to Government."

I

with China in this utmost east for more than two centuries
past; and during this time the English have suffered ill-
treatment from the Chinese officers, who, regarding them-
selves as powerful and us as weak, have thus dared to com-
mit injustice. The English, unwilling to enter into contest
with them, had borne such treatment for many years, till,
in the year 1839, the Emperor of China, having determined
to prohibit effebtually the importation of opium, sent to a
special commissioner, Tin Tsesen. to conduct the arrange_
ments for that purpose; and that officer, finding himself
unable to seize the actual offenders of each nation, in place
of consulting and concerting measures with the several nit_
tional officers residing in China (as it was his proper duty to
have done), bad the audacity forcibly to confine it, Canton
the English officer and people, at the same time threatening
them with death. His object was, by extorting from them
what opium there that year might be in China, to gain favour
with his Emperor; and the English officer at Canton seeing
this position of things, commanded the English merchants,
in the name of their Sovereign, that they should deliver up,
for the ransom of themselves from this position of extreme
danger, whatever opium they might have in the Chinese
waters. Here is one great offence 'committed by the Chinese
officers against 'the English.
" The Sovereign of Great Britain, in consequence of this
and numerous subsequent acts of injustice, appointed as her
envoys, the Admiral Elliot, and Elliot the Superintendent at
Canton, to whom jointly full powers were given for the set-
tlement of affairs with China. And having in consideration
the many past acts of injustice of the Chinese officers, Her
Majesty directed the admiral to take command of a combined
naval and land force, and to quarter it at one of the islands
of the Chinese coast ; her instructions being, that if the
Chinese Government were willing to admit its errors, and
afford redress, a peaceful arrangement of affairs should be
concluded ; but otherwise, if justice and recompense were
refused, that the standard of justice should be raised and its
claims enforced by war. The admiral, &c., hereupon pro-
ceeded to the Pieho, and there presented a letter from the
Minister of Great Britain, which the Minister and Governor
Keshen transmitted for the consideration of all the Ministers
to Pekin;. after this Keshen wrote to the Admiral, stating
that affairs which concerned Canton, &c., would proceed to
Canton, it would not need long to arrange affairs there. The
high English officers, still desiring peace, consented to this,
and proceeded to Canton, where they met Keshen, and had
frequent communications with him, both written and per-
sonal. Arrangements were not yet concluded, when the
Ministers at Pekin, men without truth or good faith, induced
the emperor to recall Keshen, and send instead a General
Yihshan, to fight and war with the English ; so that the
English were actually compelled by these proceedings to take
the Bocca Tigris and the line of defences from thence up-
wards, and to bring Canton itself to submission, and to take
from it a ransom for the punishment of such ill-faith. In
this ill-faith of the Chinese Ministers we have a second grand
instance of offence against England.
" The High Commissioner Yukien, and other High Offi-
cers, Generals, &c., in the several provinces, in repeated in.
stances, when they have found our people cast by the wea-
ther on their coast, or induced by evil men on shore, have,
being dead to all good and honest feeling, dared to put the
captives thus brought into their hands to a tyrannical and
cruel death, and have deceitfully and falsely reported the
cases to the Emperor, or published lying proclamations to
the people, wherein they have invented tales of lengthened
contest and seizures of vessels in battle with slaughter of
many people. Thus falsely did Yukien declare last year the
circumstances of the English occupation of Chusan ; thus
did the General Yishan pretend that he had destroyed many
vessels; the Governor Yen-Patao, that he had, by force of
arms, recovered Amoy ; the Taotai on Formosa, when the
shipwreck bad cast men on that island, he had gained a vic-
tory over them in battle ; and the General Yihking, in May
last, that he had destroyed many vessels and killed a multi-
tude of men at Chusan, when not one vessel was injured, nor
a single man killed. These multiplied false statements, mis-
leading the Emperor and people and hindering peaceful ar-
rangements, are a third great cause of offence against the
English.
" With reference to trade, the English merchants used to
carry their goods to many places, and buy from and sell to
the people—wholly a benefit, and in no sense hurtful. But
the officers at. Canton, seeking to confine the profits to them-
selves, induced the Emperor, by false statements, to restrict
trade to Canton alone, and permit 13 Hong merchants' to
conduct it, not even allowing intercourse with any but them
and the linguists appointed by the Government. Thus did
these officers gain the power of meddling in every matter,
extorting as they pleased, and disguising every thing under
false statements to the Emperor. This is a fourth great cause
of offence. _

" There are besides many minor grievances that excite
indignation and wrath, but that here need not be enumerated.
" Because of these grievances, the Plenipotentiary, &c.,
has been sent out by command of his Sovereign to demand
redress and satisfaction. When these are obtained, peaceful
arrangements may be made, and the former friendliness of
intercourse may be renewed. But until then the high officers
in command here of the combined naval and land forces will
continue, as commanded also by their Sovereign, to maintain
the cause of justice, and to contend with all their power for
the enforcements of such redress. When the Emperor shall
appoint a high officer with full powers to negociate and con-
clude arrangements on his own responsibility, and not till
then, will hostile operations be saved.
" Now, three principal things are requirdd for the redress
and satisfaction above spoken,—namely, compensation for
losses and expenses; a friendly and becoming intercourse on
terms of equality between officers of the two countries; and
the cession of insular territory of commerce and for the
residence of merchants, and as a security and guarantee
against future renewal of offensive acts. _ _

If these three things be acceded to, there will be no dif-
ficulty in the settlement of any minor points.
" That the people may know our objects, and not be misled
by the false representation of their officers to commit acts of
hostility that would bring home to their own persons and
familirs the horrors of war, the Plenipotentiary, &c. proclaims
for general information this clear exposition.
" Dated in Yang-tsze-keang, the sth day of July, in the
yeer 1142.
" HENRY POTTINGER,
" Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary.
" G. A. MALCOLM,
" Secretary of Legation.
" (True copy.)"

RELEASE OF LADY SALE
AND THE REST OF THE
PRISONERS AT CABU L.

We have the greatest satisfaction in laying before our
readers the following official intelligence with which we have
been favoured. It must be a matter of the highest gratifica-
tion to the British public that the noble Lady Sale, and her
companions in captivity, have been at length restored to their
relatives and friaids :
SUPPLEMENT TO THE GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRAORDI-
NARY OF THE 30TH SEPT., 1842.
Head-quarters, Simla, Oct. 5, 1842.
Since the public notification of the 30th ultimo, the Gover-
nor-General has received the gratifying intelligence of the
safety of all the European prisoners but one, in the following
extract from a communication from Major-General Pollock,
C. 8., dated the 21st ultimo.
Extract from a letter to the Governor-General from Major-
General Pollock, C. 8., dated Camp Cabul, Sept. 21, 1842:
" My Lord,—lt gives me great gratification to be enabled
to state, that the whole of the European prisoners are now
quite flee from the hands of M4homed Akhbar, except Capt.
Bygrave. I will make my official report cn the subject
whenever they reach my camp, which no doubt will be to-
morrow. I sent a lightly equipped force under Sir R. Sale
to meet them, and the whole of the party is with him, with
the following exceptions, who have already reached my
camp :
" Major Pottinger and Captain Johnson (arrived this
morning).
" Mrs. Trevor and eight children.
" Captain and Mrs. Anderson.
" Captain Troup and Dr. Campbell.
" One European woman and four privates."
By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of
India.
(Signed) T. H. MADDOCK,
Secretary to the Government of India,
with the Governor-General.

EFFECT OF TILE PEACE WITH CHINA ON TRADE.

(From Wednesday's Times.)

The conclusion of a peace with China, from more conside-
rations than one, must have a beneficial effect upon the trade
with this country. In the first place, the ruinous specula-
tion in the leaf, the great export in the Celestial Empire, the
chief consumption of which is in this country, will now cease.
This speculation has been entirely sustained by the interrup-
tion to the trade occasioned by the war, which having ter-
minated, business will return to the state in which it was
prior to the commencement of hostilities, unless indeed the
favourable terms of the treaty lead rto an increase in our sup-
plies hitherto unprecedented. This will be a vast benefit in
a commercial point of view, for besides the unsettling of the
trade in the article, which has ended in the absolute ruin of
many speculators, including several persons of the highest
respectability, the disturbed condition of the market caused
the consumer to pay a much higher price than was customary.
These evils will now be obviated by the satisfactory termina-
tion of the war, and there will probably be the further ad-
vantage to the public obtaining tea at a lower price than has
hitherto been paid. In the second place, the trade in our
domestic manufactures will be greatly extended by the open-
ing of the new ports in China, and the free intercourse es-
tablished between two countries, the prejudices of one of
which have heretofore prevented commerce from being car-
ried on with anything like reciprocal advantages. In fact,
this treaty is regarded as the precursor of a field of enterprise
opened in Asia, which, up to the present, has not only been
untried, but even uncontemplated. It was scarcely hoped.
desirable as it might appear, that any concessions of territory
would be granted, even in the event of a peace with the Ce-
lestial Empire, although it was thought that we might obtain
compensation for the expenses of the war, and the value of
the opium, the destruction of which at first occasioned the
interruption of tranquility. The Emperor, it appears, was
very unwilling to allow the British to be too near the " Bo-
hea country," at the port of Foo-tchoo-foo, which is a strong
instance of his determination to adhere to the old exclusive
Chinese policy, and to prevent the opening of a trade with
the interior. From the open expression of his caution in
this respect, the value of a trade with this spot may be ga-
d.

therea.
Among the capitalists who have long had large amounts of
money lying dormant in their coffers, the abundance being
too great to allow of profitable employment, the news has
been received with the highest interest and gratification.
The absence of commercial activity, protracted in a great
measure by the position of affairs in the East, has caused the
plethora in the money market which has been so often a sub-
ject of complaint, and which the opening of new channels of
such high importance will in a measure obviate. The
Treasury, having its expenses reimbursed by the successive
payments of the 21,000,000 dollars—should no juggle be
attempted by the Chinese authorities—will be relieved to a
certain extent of the temporary embarassments with which
it has had of late to struggle. A " juggle" to evade pay-
ment of the sum specified in the terms of peace is the only
contingency that is dreaded, since no doubt is for a moment
entertained of the resources of the Celestial Empire for the
payment of a sum so insignificant compared with the sup-
posed receipts of the Imperial Treasury. The current joke
in the city on the subject of this payment is, that it decreases
the probability of the income tax lasting beyond the period
first assigned for it by the Premier. On the whole, the
intelligence viewed by persons of all classes, connected
directly or indirectly with mercantile affairs, has created a
complete exhilaration in the metropolis. The public, who
were prepared for a series of harassing disasters both in
Affghanistan and on the Chinese coast, and were therefore
apprehensive of a continued stagnation of trade, now mid-
d9ly look forward to a new state of things, which they hope
will repay the commercial world for the losses sustained
during the last few years.
No very extensive operations were conducted in the public
stocks on Tuesday, the effect of the China and India news
having been for the most part anticipated by the publication
of the telegraphic despatch on Monday. Consols for money
and the account were, up to the close of business, quoted 94
to k--a slight advance upon previous prices. Bank stock left
off at 170 to 171, and India Stock at 264 to 265, the confir-
mation of the capture of Cabul having induced several pur-
chases. Three per Cents. Reduced closed 94 to i; Three-
and-a-Half per Cents. Reduced, 1001 to ; Long Annuities,
12 9-16 ; New Three-and-a-Half per Cents., 1011 to i; and

India Bonds, 545. premium. The settlement of the six weeks'
account in Consols takes place next Thursday, and'in the in-
terim the jobbers are preparing their books. It is not ex-
pected to be a heavy business. For the opening Consols are
quoted 25k.