The Statesman.
London, England, 1815-09-02 00:00:00

sTATEBMAN.

To rirs EDIWR OF rut; STATESMAN.

PkiISINT'S LOCW.

Sta,—When the Emperor ALExANbER of Russia With a collection of new publications which *e
entered Paris, in April, 1814, with the rest of the have just obtained from France, we have a Pamphlet,
intituletl 44 A Letter from a Peasant to a !Lydia,"
Allies, it will be recollected that amongst other dig-
in which we find the following interrogatories and
And passages in his energitic address to the Senate' assumptions, that we shall leave to others to answer
be pointed out the importance of framing a Consti- , and refute.
tattoo for the French people, 64 applicable to the ; You are desirous that our peasants should consider
ideal state and progress of knowledge." A more ' that 600,000 Russians, Germans, and English, have
w
philosophical sentence, or one conveying a finer lessen entered the country as deliverers, hen the country
to Sovereigns and nations, does not, in my humble asks for no deliverance. This is a matter which they
will never understand.
opinion, grace the page of history. This one ex- i
The peasants believe, that the Allied Powers came,
poision is worth half the Proclamations and State not for the interest of the. Bourbons, not simply
p, per, of the last 10 years, enhanced as it is by against Bonaparte, but that they march against the
tomlug from a brave Prince, flushed with victory and ; nation, and against France.
conquest. While reflecting on the sublimity of this The Allied Powers do not propose as their ulti-
sentiment, I could hardly refrain from considering
it rate object, the re-establishment of the Bourbons.
lhey will nhandon the family as soon as their designs,
',conveying an important truth, by which all modern ' with, regard. to France, are accomplished, that is,
systems of government might be so conducted as to as soon as they shall have redueed this glorious
sia,,nl many of the greatest evils that have latterly be- country to a state of degradation and nullity, which
alone can secure to them the superiority they con-
f, 'en them. Nor am I very singular in my ideas,
wnen I say that more danger and inconvenience arise template.
ore n
to every civilized community, from blindly perse-
, Before the Coalition of 1813, Napoleon was ac-
to every ckilized community, from blindly perse- knowled the Coalition of 1813, Napoleo
ged by all the Powers, and none was ac-
of them
vetiog in ancient customs, or laws, which an in- wasted a thought upon Look.
creased degree of knowledge has rendered totally in- The Coalition of 1813, to the last moment, pro-
applicable, than it is possible to calculate. If this fessed to treat with Napoleon.
_ .

obseivation be true, it applies with equal force to
ptod•s of discipline, as it does to systems of legisla-
tion.
It required the experience of many centuries to
cetaluct our infant naval power, the success of which
d'prildea on so many circumstances, to its present
high stare of advancement. Innumerable difficul-
ties generally thwart the progress of early iiistitu-
tints, and retard their prosperity ; the military or
naval power of any coon' ry seldom attaining its high.
est state of perfection, before the nation to which
they belong has become distinguished in all the other
branches of civilization ; for, besides a hardy race of
people, men of information, gallantry, and talents,
are necessary to command ; the qualities required to
fulfil its. duties properly can only be acquired by

The coalition of 1813, iii replacing I Bourbon on
the throne, acceded to the remonstrance of a French-
man, but acted ender floe obligation of no anterior
promise to Louis XVII!. •
The Allies, in plarin.; the Crown on the head of a
Bourbon, are disposed to pillage this Crown of its
and power, and of its influence over Europe:
Is this conduct of the Allies iii favour of the Bour-
bons or of them elves ?
The foreign Sovereigns have adopted the Boor-
lions under the persuasion of their extreme inability,
and not from any interest in their misfortunes, or
regard for their rights. It is their policy that the
Throne of France should be occupied by a family,
which can resist them no where, and refuse them
. nothing. MI has proceeded according to their wishes.
and France appeared at the Congress only to sanction
her own spoliation.
The Aries thus requiring for the sceptre of France

previous study and tuition, and can in no one way
be produced by degradation and terror!
In the early stages of society the limited state of
civilization, and consequent barbarity of the lower
classes, rendered measures of severe punishment and
coercion absolutely necessary, which at this more
advanced period of our history, would be calculated
to produce an effect directly contrary to what it might
have on former occasions. It is from considerations
of this kind that we are best enabled to attribute the

a feeble Prince, incapable of suppressing the discords,
and wha►ever ruins a state; the Coalition of 1815
may now find it wiser than it was in 1813, to placeat
the head of the Government a Russian, Austrian, or
English Prince, and the Congress, that supreme tri-
bunal of Monarchs, may dispose of the kingdom of
France, as it has done of the kingdom of Satony.
The legitimacy of the King of France, of which
they bluster so much, like the legitimacy tighe King
of Saxony, is a soft piece of sal, which they compress
and mould in their fingers into the shape their caprices
or their interests dictate.

abolition of many cruelties practised in the early part
of our naval history, such as keel-hauling, running
the gauntlet, arming a certain number of men in each
ship with canes, which they are allowed to use on the
backs of ►he seamen, with the discretion of vulgar
minds. By these rude and uncouth practices the
Nary was justly regarded with horror ; so much so,
that together with the difficulty of obtaining leave to
go on shore, the most extraordinary efforts were
made to avoid being obliged to serve in a ship of war.
Fortunately for the nation and the service, many
of those terrors have passed away, and given place
to an infinitely milder sway, which, if not so perfect
as it might be, fairly promises to reconcile in a
great degree the interests of the country with those
of individuals. It could answer no very good pur-
pose were the many instances related in which an
abuse of the privilege of flogging has been grossly
violated ; may " the recordi►'g angel drop a tear"
on the catalegue of human sufferings which such a
statement would exhibit, and, were 'lt posAhle,
" blot them out fur ever." It is now for those who
are more anxious to heal than irritate, to banish
their recollection► in that bright dawn of a better day,
which, thanks to an increase of humor knowledge,
hes already opened an era of increased happiness to
society, and amongst others the British seamen.
The measures of the Admiralty, sine the peace,
Dud more particularly their order of the 2.2 d Decem-
ber, for the remuneration of services, &c. prove
that they are not insensible to the importance of the
subject ; and although perfection in any thing is not

It is for France to consider if she will be erased
from the list of nations, and if she will submit to
the treatment familiar to !Mots and slaves !—lf
the tyres of the faction of Orleans and its com-
petitors were to be revived, the philanthropy of the
Iligh Confedevates would discover, in such a situa-
tion, the best security for their own authority and
power.
Will the historian seriously speak of this En-
ropean crusade as directed against one man, which
. diverges to a contest with twenty-five millions of
people, and destroys the most beautiful empire in the
j world ?
What right have the Allies to prescribe to us a So-
vereign ? What right to elevate. or depress at their
pleasure, the rulers of an independent notion ? Are
the people, then, nothing ? Do all the rights of the
earth reside in the will of seven r.r eight Autocrats ?
Is it to be said of our present state, that it• Is not
France which is at peace with Russia, Prussia, and
! England, but only Lands XVIII. with Alexander,
Frederick, ar4 George ?
The Allies resist the spirit of encroachment in one
man, and )et thee parcel out to themselves Saxony,
Poland, Italy, Genoa, Belgium, and the spoils of
France.
! The soi-dbont Peasant, after adverting to the con-
duct of the Diplomatists at Vienna, which he describes
as a general market both for countries and their po-
pulation, concludes thus :
" Beloved Compatriots, whatever may be our dif.
ference of opinion as to matters of interior Govern-
ment, let us have no difference as to the foreigner.—
, Soyons unis, Francais, et la France est souree."

I DUEL.— •Yesterday morning a meeting took, place
at Chalk Farm, between Mr. R-- L--, a est-
i tleman residing at the west end of the town, and Mr.
M--- D ---s, of the Royal Navy. The parties
had passed the preceding evening at the house of a
friend, jet Hatton-garden, where a dispute arose be.
tween them respecting a lady. They each exchanged
a brace of pistols, when Mr. L's second shot struck
Mr. D. on the bridge of the nose; fortunately, bow.
ever, he received but a slight injury ; the seconds
then interfered, and an explanation Issuing takes
place, the parties shook hands, and returned to
• town together good friends.
FEMALIt SAir.oa.—Amongst the crew of the Q':een
Charlotte, of 110 gum, recently paid out', it is now

'gained without great exertion, every step towards
sf.curing the affections and rewarding the past services

._ - •
of our seamen ought to he hailed by every friend of

hi. country as a substantial blessing; and it is, be

asvarrd, of the last importance conviction should be

carried home to the nation, that it is by the most

studious and persevering efforts to avoid the repeti-
tion of past errors (generally speaking) iii our naval
system, se can done hope to secure political power,
11 national prosperity.
I am) Sir, your's) &c.
Aug. 1813. NAVALIS.

discovered, was a female African, who has served as
a seaman in the Royal Navy for upwards of eleven
years, several of which she has been rated able on
i the books of the above ship by the name of William
Brown, and has served for some time as the captain
: of the fore-top; highly to the satisfaction of the offi-
cers. She is a smart well-formed figure, about five
feet four inches in height, possessed of consido►able
strength and great activity ; her features are rather
handsome for a black, and she appears to be about
26 years of age. Her shave of prize•money is said
to be considerable, respecting which she has been
several times within the last few days at Somerset-
. place. In her wanner she eiltiltitv all the traits of a

Thlnt.tk, Attn. 29.—CATnotic ATIPAIIM—There
has been an Aggregate Meeing to-day, and Resolu-
tions were passed of Thanks to the Bishops, and
against a Veto, in whatever shape it may present it-
,elf. Indeed every ordinary man must regard this
question es derided.

The establishment of the Marines, during the war,
amounted to upwards of thirty-Ave thousand men :
—fifteen thousand were disbanded last year, and
fifteen thousand more are to he discharged ander the
present reduction—leaving fire thousand picked men
for the four divisions, at Woolwich, Chatham, Ports-
mouth and Plymouth,

British tar, and takes her grog with her late mess.
orates with the greatest gaiety. She says she is a
married woman, and went to sea in consequence of
la quarrel with her husband, who, it is said, has en-
tered a caveat against her receiving her prize-money.
She declares her intention of again entering the ler-
vice as a volunteer.

Preparations are maklng for lighting the whole of
the exterior and par! of the interior, the passages,
4c. of Covent-pi-den Theatre Rith ges.

IV.IPAL INTELLIGENCE. •

POPITSMOVTII, SEPT. I.—Arrived his Majesty's
ship Martha, front h cruise; and Severn, from Ply.
Month; Eriel transport, from Colk.--Sailed the
Oceein, for New South Wales.

DaAL, her. I.—Came down from the River the
7'hantet, Mobte, for St. Domingo; Limerick
• Trader, for Gibraltar; and Biafra:, Franklin, for
Barbadoee; and Sailed With the Admiral Gambier,
for Batavia ; Patine, for Guadeloupe; Fife, for
Jamaica; and Rli;a Martinique.
PLYMOUTH, Atn. 31.—Arrived the Ranger,
Wood, from St. Petersbuigh ; the Prussian
brig General Blucher, from Beeniii Ayiei.