The Statesman.
London, England, 1819-06-18 00:00:00

ILIRVOUS DEBILITY. Be.

Eitel:NO.l4G ID br the lowiforia Goering attend
bigikalpProw =echo& of ircanaciw is 'be floc of I+
few petiole' ..ophilleds. wkleb bat beta e • carol Is ih.
perleireafaalaw *NM lo a large mad tat•mrro ',artier t soh..
sable oho of tbr bop, ramie reselski to she 'cam it
dotal Ilea coodl.a g their saelithell 10 a ter .10 (144 of d0e...,
Altar, 13•11,5 and Co. Slioclo-v. of Cie !! • alt rallele of 6111
grelmo, 111 10114.- eontliaie to diawl ItAirof Metiers In Moog
ordcl. in 1... w a r• ral Action lite habil of iswanhl Icta.
youth, which a.' aorra‘iom a racer. ID Ifni., qf ta. I
olferilow, but oho no it. 9010Iffs alt ga.,,,Twii.4 Io
&militias old ore. la Ibat dworeodog at... ol drsNilt ar -
anoaey. whether the eawirmeoce of toga b...,fal
evolve dciaki.g. laud to Meant@ in 1.4 commie, or any .41,
raw by which the ipao eta •.1 to. so...moth ■ her......
Aw.h.:d. r terparly • Loadoab $12••
ate, safe, sad bee ly rehloe.d.aa to Std 51(840i.

wmrre as early eippließfiall Is 'wide ror ILe nom «In ever &
Thmardee, fettondly cnatencol in n n mo. so or km Woe. Ilar
namilieativa is often completed 'n t Ann in" ont.3
mat am the lore advanced had Inv. 'erase suite. of Rivereal
feetinn, eherielerisrd tly R vnriry nf AM
a rpm/jeer is n.err 14..•(111i111111111•61/84111 in diet
of et ercist) invert to the potent a perm .neat awl radical
sure.

- -
The Manses rf "be Urethra. as frermetoly eirreeted teeth re'
arisen tram the above wariplairt. have ism escaped their as.
traliou g byre idalhbk sad .•oor °veil plan, dry ase
to remote sautisale C eel. and stricture., wberher envoi wad
Had fend We, la Oboe' mot deg to Me paw.; asd Laisme,
Wit et Mae dwell? hr aria.
TO . Females. wbr.,e especiationo of those Moiler
of romoblal happier% Wee be:.• defeat. d, it may alio
o reention to liadvr. that by • proper perveYeraore
la their remedies. the germ' Wal' r renovated. sod the ba-
rn' ~ma removed.
Mesta. Goys iiod Co. etelinlycly proferioa she rare of lbw,
pealkulat wiewisiste. is ord.— that ibex moy sat he marked
Ly a mieminii fret. rift lee obloquy so pad y .stashed to the
empiric think it but joiner to aseos te etars to ma,
rray hove b;
been properly educated sad initialled 440 over.
bfearh if the profet.ica (fertilely's. rf trim*, from varies..
lifopilais, sad testimociala from the Meier prateriaral
rielbswities. they have to convince any enquirer). Ibis •
'Widener in lbe manner bemi!pbere of our etriers o•irld,
as Will as la other pact., embaleros thee to 11014/1, Mot their
ererercher Moira been colloid to diaries already .11111worill-
, ed. shea bold out a rertaloty of reaoyatire to web as troy la.
bow slier the debilarim; elects of a life pared soder the
Torrid bre. ; gay rename that their preteens", iroarrltete
I fakir. aid tor the asp no rde, t. d coatideare w ith which they
Wirt. ay tie Public, been liberally bona/rod.
T be.on.alled at Moir "cane daily ( pecoralli or by letter)
by l'asieria of eillter Sea, nob fierrilK), delicacy, sad atter.
tiring. is for foes, nem. red to pole the inetieulan
of isen roar, Ire. 41111 o•fo lief of Its in,. reeler-In= frintlfaver
the
Adfore IlledftslW. I 0.1 tar ItellltClei sill be gives or

loamy patt of lie Kin~eos.
GOSS sod C.. M. R. C. berxeoas, 13. Balveriwareet,
111e.t.s.reet. Lailasta.

Joie peblialed (Troth Editios)•

THE ZttlS of LIFE. Nen.iinr C“ssertary nn the
Move Diocese/. Di GpFS ~alto. Ad.lrr•..J t. the Viet:.
W allawity ..f buck Saae►. MAY 11a had al 2J, l'oenrAter-
Pe!...111.1l t St 4. Gerrard4trect I li4, Fleet-meet
o
• Sid .1 aU Saokas.less. Pike as.

Practices now prevail In nor tsunufactu►ing system,
which bate boos proffered by circumstances not un-
der the c mtrool of any *divides', and for a l ic4, ,
therefore, no individual us be justly blamed 1 hey
are, howsoor, ostotiossly 'h► •novice at ems: vie,.
net evils, sod stan•l in he iota of imprimenonsts in
the condition of our nos sing classes, which ire es.
sesitial to the wcll•being 4.f the State, and without
which indeed its sorority must rest on a very powerl-
ess tostirl.4lon. I ;vier to the premature orb', ay.
silent et coi'dren ; •nd to the enreasonable t►rm of
daily labour, now elected from persons of all aces
who are employed within nor mattufar•tories. 14 is to
thee• prattlers that we ma, attribute the wow ►tier',
of the rostinfac epater.; .••tt if use permit them
to c..titinfe, 0.01. isdellorviire to the subject,
or (tom tae egr•ginut and twill •!elusion that tiny
are co....eVird with the prosiimity of our mantsfac.
taros, e mast be content to suffer .•11 the evils ads.
ing from the urer►ssmig miters out demnialmation of
the aretkisig cla...s. Bet it is my in .at ail wish
to cult, the public attention to this import ,of gess.
•sun, end to do sissy with any delusion that may
rant is your quarter respecting it—l centrists you
that t►e continuance of dm* practices is difeellY
opposed to over, individual interest in the cnnntry j
and that these fruitful sources of evil may be effects.
ally closed sib net teen diminishing the immediate
gaies of it. master manufactutor.
Let us d •set oar ■tteotinn, in the first place, to
the unilateral circanistaoces in which the younger
part of oar operatives are now plated. Children
are permitted to be employed, almost from infancy,
in our twaasfactu►ea, all of which are more or loss
unhealthy. They ars condemned to a routine of '
long protrsetrd and unvarying toil within doors, at
an age when their limo should be exclusively divided
between healthful ',titian in ►he open air, and their
school "doodles. The utmost violent* is thus of-
fered to nature at their very outset in life. Their in.
toilettes!, as well 04 their physical powers, are
cramped and paralysed, instead of being allowed
their proper and novel developotost; while over,
thing about them ,nowt• tea to render their moral dia.
racier depraved and dangerous. Without • vigorous
constitution and good habits, children an never be-
come really 'strut subjects of the State, nor ca. their
lives be rendered co., (.viable to tbendelvirs or no.
injuries* to others. Whtl• so many offStaclos are
aenecess•rily opposed •o that mode of training for
the rising geneiatinn which humanity and etpedirsoca
so strongly recommend, society is alone to blame for
the imbecility sod soff•rng that may arise within it;
offspring of our poor meat continue to he squalid
and • retched, to be %mien 'ht for any good or really
useful porno'', hut odour...sly •raised to effect their
own eissery,—destined to dioturb the !mace of so-
ciety in their yawner days, and at an early peeled
.r become a thulium en the community for the re.
ittliti.der of life, eating that bread in idles's., which,
if thoStsis did jinn* to them or to itself, would 'sever
be claimed by soy not naturally infirm, except as
too reward of u.•ful industry. I conceive it
to be a fact which consists equally with the vapor'.
race of er-ry site of you as it does with mine, that
the labour of a child, strong and healthy, possessed
of intelligence and of pod ►abit, and dispositions, is
*Mittel, mute valuable than that of one who is weak
and onbanithy, imbecile in mind, and of depraved
habits and dispositions. But though this fart is
abundant., clear, it may not occur to you to trace
the canna this difference between the ewe Indivi-
duals, and to promise, that in almost every case this
groat disparity is to be retorted altogether to the dif.
ferent circumstances seder which they have beets
•wised and *dummied. A very little oninhisilon
and reflection, bossier, will conviirce ye■ that this
is the true state of the Case ; and I will net allow
myself so suppose, that in tie fare of so striking a
fact, you will shy longer have any tissue in employ
the inferior instrummit, when, by meat,. of regale.
tions •4 practicsbl.. as they sue hustass, yaps may
with certainty procure the hmt.

N. ak! should be esortiosed within doors in • ,ly
wia•afacture, emit he is Intoe sears of
thaws noinefactoires, in which desterity cf operation
is math score pettily actpairod by childson at an early,
owes at • note advanced patio(' of life, they might per.
bops be eatployril, is order to attain *twit facility,
for in or .is hears • day when between ten sod
twelve years of ape; bet I an of opinion that any
advantage thus Notated can be obis lied only by
tenfold maces on the past of the cbstdreo, their

parents, and their country. I think an intelligni.
alate.ineeter wend not, no' the mite principle of pa.
etiolate pin, employ his yeses slaves even ten
hours of the day at so early an age. And we know
that judicious farmers will not premstarely pet their
young beasts of burins in work ; slid that when
they do pet them to work, it is with great amileta.
don at fi nil, we must reusember too in a hesWl
atmosph ' t children fr. in newt° eight 'ears
of agear r 'dyed with young persons end men
oot
and women of all ages, for 14 or fifteen knots per
day in many of nor mairefacteres, carried on in
buildings in *kith the at m.•sphooe is by no mean the
most knowsle to human life.
If he well-beirig of oar fellow-creatern be a mere
Important object than • fractional diminotiew of the
priests emit of • few articles of commerce—eflew very
olPlev, levee—sad If that object be • primacy consi•
deretiori in goy change la the practices and habits of
society, then sorely the present generation has gone
far stray from the tied course, when it has ea-
changed nine hours of healthy and really productive
Moir, for 14 nears of unhealthy, and often of ses-
tets or pernisious employment. To mark tbo con.
Sr.a, of the two systems, look at the heelthe, case-
;.ardively well-trained, Scottish peasant boy. who
attends the parochial school lentil he is 14 or 15 years
old,—cad then tern your eyes to she feeble, pale.
and wretched Ins or cotton 'minis% children, who,
at an tidy age, are doomed all the year round to one
onearying occepalioa for 14 or 15 hours • day, going
to their work in winter before it is light in the ewe-
log. and returning long after dark. And here Imply
well ask—hew shoold se like our cbildres, girls as
well as bop, to be thus employed? Would any of
es
permit our slaves, if we were obliged to maintain
them, to be so treated? %softly is II bat necessary ter
call your attention to these fans, and yea must id.
Handy be aware of the injustice and useless cruelty,
which we this inflict open the most helpless being, in
society. At this mount I feel almost ashamed to
address any human being on Such a subject.
You may perliatil admit that the legislature has a
right in regulate the labour of these helpless children,
and that you would not seller much i ince
from being obliged to employ persons of more ad-
vanced age In their place : but the free labourer, you
may say. should be permitted to work as long es he
Is willing, for hire. If the operatives in ear mane-
factor.. were really free, and had in option so work
nine or 13 boars a day, it might be leas necessary to
legislate on this subject. Bat what is their actual
situation in this reapers ? Are they. in soy thing
bet appearance, free labourers? Would they not, In
feet, be entnpeiled to work the customary hours
thing's glory were 20? What 'thematice hate they
—or chat freedom is these in this case, hot the ti-
nny of starving? As es ems of labour and cos•Gsse-
Bent preseaterely weakens and destroys all the lone-
liest of the animal frame; and few constitutions can
be preserved is health and vigour scaler • regular
occupation in on manufactures for more than len
hours per day, *idiotism of the time requisite for
meals. It may. however, perhaps appear to you that
yes hese no particular interest in Minding to the
health and comforts of the werking anuses, provided
you can get your work well and cheaply performed
by them. Every master manufacturer is must anion
to have his work cheaply performed, sod as he is per-
petually exerting all his faculties to attain this object,
be considers low wages to be essential to his success.
By one master or other, every means are seed to re.
dice swages to the lowest possible paint, and if bet
one succeeds the others must follow in their own de-
fence. Yet. when the subject is properly consider.
eil, no evil night to be more dreaded by mister ma.
nefacturers than low wages of labour, or the want of
the means to procure reasonable comfort among the
working deism These. in consequence of tlvoit
numbers, are the greatest consumers of ell articles;
snit it will always he found that when wages are high
the country prospers ; when they are lOW, all dorms
'slim from the highest to the lowest., bet more peril.
elderly the manufacturing intetest ; for fond must be
first purehosssi, and the remainder only of the la.
bounce's wages can be upended in manfacturea. It
is therefore essentially the interest of the master me.
nefacturer that the wages of the labourer should be
high, riot that he should be allowed the necessary
time and intrection to enable him to expend t Lem
julltein•tly—which is not possible under th•ezistassee
of our present practices. Aad this brings me to the
main point of ibis letter : —ls it or is it not the ie.
term of the master manufacturers that their opera.
tier: should be employed longer than ten bons pet
day ?
The most substantial support to the trade, com-
merce, and manufactures of ibis and of every eon-
try, are the labouring classes of is population ; mid
the real proirrily of any nation may be at all times
accurately neeotsined by the amount of wages, or
the meat of the comforts, *bier the prodectise
classes Cam obtain in return for their lainer.—
It is evident that fond must be moored by the
working man and his family before he can per-
ches, any other article. If therefore this class of
our population is so degraded and Oppressed. lb.'
they eass only prisc.are the bare neees.arim of life,
they ere lost as customers to she mansfacletet I sod
It is to be recollected that at least turo.titird. of the
population c: all countries derive their immediate
eepport from the wages of labour. and in this coun-
try chiefly from trade and manufactures. The work•
leg classes may be injuriously degrees! and °None. :
its three ways : let. When they are neglected in in•
fancy ; 2dly, Whore they ass otenouskaid by limit
employer, and are this rendered incompetent freer
ignorance to make a good see of high wages settee they
can procure them ; . 0i1.3.111, When they ',Adler, o ages
for their labour. But when ignorant", inerwere.
sad low wages are emobinedg apt arty is the Monett

We complain that all matkett aro nal.r.t•cicrd
with Oat tuaneratiata•,--end IP, re compel nu:
yotall ChWrIPII, anti millions of le lahaur
almost day and night, In urge forward perpetually
increasing mechanical powers, tbat ties' markets
may be still more overstocked.
W complain that °embers of oar strong, healthy,
and active labourers ate enemployed,—.ad yet we
prematurely employ children—infants almost—sod
greatly overwork a late part of our population ; as
if It were potpies/1y to keep these opt of employ.
ment who ought to work, and to whom employ.
meat would be of the greatest ludirldeal sod wilted
advanta:e.
We complain that the foot Rates are become ala
evil so alarming, that If they cooties* to go nu so.
checked th,y threaten to shake the fooodatioo of
civil society yet we leave the mass of our pa,.
I potation In ignorance, suffer their health mad morals
to be undermined io childhood.-4estroged in moo.
I hood—end subject them to premature old
ag4 ; therein taking the most effectual meets to tom.
pet our working classes to resort to the Poop Lou's,
les their sole loberitance, bud thus accelerate the most
formidable evil, that ever yet, from *We, Mailed
comoteuity.
We complaii that foreign raw materials aro titre.
vageatly high, yielding the cultivator in enormose
profit, sod that the tinkles we manufacture from
I them, by the overwrought exertions of our men,
women, and children, gilder every deprivstiou of ma.
total comfort, end aided by earivelled and Mutest
perpetually moving mechanism, will not osmtble dl to
I give a bare subsisteoce to them wretched beluga,—
and yet by our long hours of labour, we take every
• means iu our power to increase the price of the
foreign raw material, aid to diminish the profit en the
articles we manufacture.

%eh is the b.iuti *souses of oar conduct, thel I %it
rotation'd to ask, seism is site boasted itstilloct of
lit• British Isl•s ?

To those who can comprehend and steadily trace
Ike rise, progress, sod coesequences of the maws-
flittering system, it is evident that it has given birth
to cirCerneteocet, silk!) train mew to think it their
proper lousiness and drily, technically srle..'w mg, to
lake a fair advantage of all their fellow., and to
illerifier their ovr• happiness. and iiho nal •being of
society, at the shrine of individual gain; although by
such predicts the most favoured of them obtain only
tiro ehadow of their whims, whit', by dm, over-
strained esertloos, is a wrong d:rectiee, the sub-
stance of limit desires is removed to a greeter and
a greeter distance from their grasp.
Jet as, my (deride, now so longer proceed tilos
let ate Wand still and raisins the wisdom or !hoe*
practices so dear to some of us—namely, the press.
tore esployaient of chiliirpo, and the inarrioo of ou-
r:wive labour from a part of our adult loyalation,
Wttle thoesends are wholly onetoploye.l, and aloe,-
able, and starving, for went of ocespetiou. A very
limited share of sagacity, properly direCted, will
slew oaths*, in our character of mtmufacterer. r• ly,
I! it dearly our interest to permit children to be pro.
petty edecrted. and to poss.r. round sod rigorous
conoifution4; thee. our n.eratise.9nd all the eorko
log.cle.ues virreboarikesi Of pet Ini, • Oti OD labc•e
sew than 11 hoers per day, with two hours inter.
meies:.rn, I rest, air, owl •OO•111. and rh..l i•.retern
Int their 1it...,, they sheeld iso elloeved inf.
driest to ans.sle them to pkreloneer wholesome, fond,
awl tome of Ow oral awful Isoicles of my. ufacture.
Vomit them changes to the moot 114.4toorltslo tight ~
*heck tiny c... 1 be played for the inenrtne.•ring in.
teem, gird they be foam!. . eck and all o. •Seno,
to be ben. fit.sal so at. :inertia too onn•eroptoi
let cluldreu soder 14years of oge, sad the limillatio