The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-08-04 00:00:00

1-IW, PRECEDE.VP AND .1.Vu.1141.Y.

LAW.—.% Rule of 'Action. A decree. edict. ovate, or
custom publicly established. Judicial process, conformity
to law ; any thing lawful. An established attdcarreat mode
or process.
Palm DDD X D .—%ny thing that is a rule or example to
future time ; nuf thing done before of the same kind.
Amonat.T.—lrregularily ; out of rule; deflating from
I the common rule.—Da. Jou:sson.

Of the Law, says Hooker, I*. 1. p. 6., no less can
be acknowledged than the her, seat is the bosom of
Hod, her voice the harmony of the world. All thing's
in Heaven and Eartlftlo her homage : the very least as
feeling her care, and the greatest as not exempted

from ner power.
Precedents have always been greatly regarded by
the sages of the law ; Ilse precedents of the Courts are
said to be the law of the Courts; and the Court will
nut reverse a judgment contrary to many precedents.
But new precedents are not considerable; precedence
without judicial decision on argument are of no mo-
ment ; and an extrajudicial opinion, given in or nut of
Our corset, is no goad prrcedent.—Vaugh. Mt, :0.42,

399, 429. -
-
It has been held, there can be no precedents in mat-
ters of equity, as tsqui►y is Umirersai Truth, though
Lora Keeper Bridgman said they might be tweeassey,
tofinti wet the redeems thereV for • gothic ; and Lord
Chancellor Talbot said, it is much better to stick to
the known general rules, than to follow any one par-
ticular precedent, which may be founded on reasons
••kaesc,r to we. - .

By precedence, the Queen Consort, wife of the
reigning Kiag is participant of slivers prertrzatives
above other women.-1 Finch, I. M. But to this
doctrine, there is apparently this anomaly. " If
husband or wi're withdraw or live apart one from the
other, svithont some cause which the law shall deem
sufficient, the party who is desirous of a re-union may
enter a suit fur restitution of conjugal rights, and tie
Ecclesiastiial Courts will compel them to come to-
gether again.—(Hattliescs r. Matthews, Consistoey
Court of London): And if the party accused of cons
sitting adultery shall prove that the accuser bath
also committed adultery, this is a compensation for
the crime, and the accuser shall not prevail in Ms
suit."--(Ought. p. 317.) And Judge Blackstone
says, it is down, and it seems to he acted upon in the
present day, that the Qucco is a PCULIC Pension.
exempt and disti.,et from the King. The Queen,
thines be, is of Asi LITT Pe perches( leads, anti to
vey them, to make leases, to grant copyholds, and to do
other acts of ownership. without the concnrrenee of her
Lord ; this, he adds,is a privilege as old as the Saxon era„
certainly a precedent of gdat antiquity, which nopet-
son could possibly doubt but for recent anomalous
proceedings, which ap, ears to defeat the Ablk Tl 4
She is also capable of taking a grant trove the Rings
for instance, the use of the Royal Plate. Now here
again we raise another anomaly. The Queen of Rug.
land, says Blackstone, hath srparate COUrte, and Olfi.
cers distinct front the King's ; to account for this,
the reader should nate that the author began to yob-
lish his Commentaries in November, 1765. and by the
Statnte Law, the tel Oporto 114. e.l. e. MK) dm,
sum of 100,11110/. per annum, arising out of the Pest-
office. was settled on the then Queen Consort, in ease
she survived his Majesty, free front all taxes and
charges, with a power for the King to grant her the
Palace of Somerset House, and the Lodge of Rich-
mond (heat Park, with the lands and premises belong-
ing thereto. And by the 15th tiro. 111. c. 33., Back-
inghans House, with certain lands adjacent, were vest-
ed in trustees, in lieu of Somertoo Mom ; and Buck-
ingham Home was t palter to be known and
described by the n of the Queen's Palace.—
Now, query, is it approximating to anomaly
to rail a house where her Majesty never resided
the Queen's Palace. In the learned Commentaries. it
is said, the Queen my., likewise sue, and l e seed dear,
withowt joissiag her AwsLand ; she may dispose of her
property by will, (hut to whom, or to what.aineant,
it is nut stated). In short she (meaning the Qtaten,)is
in all legal proceedings (not in any other) looked arms
as a femaa:e oak, and not es a femme covert : as is single,
nut a married woman. For which the reason gives by
that very grave and soundest of all lawyers, Mir lid-
ward Coke, is this : because the wisdom alike Common
Law, WOULD NOT NAT* TDB KING TO IBE TROUBLED
AND DISQUISTED ON ACCOUNT O HIS WIVE'S lioNuric
APVAIRS; and, therefore, it vests in the Queen a power
of transacting her own cometrsm. without the interven-
tion of the King, As le ens was AN crimson:an
womass.—See Blackstone's Cow. vol. I, p. itt).
The Queen hath also some pecuniary advantages.
which forot her a distinct revenue; she is entitled loan
ancient perquisite called Queen's'
after the conquest, her revenue
serrations of rents out of the
crown, the tail of a whale, Sic.
were considered so antiquated,
consort of Charles 11. refused
that time till the present,
granted to the Queen a sufficient
her dignity. If however,' the
species of treason, she shall (al
tiger) be tried by the Peers of .
Anne Boleyn was in the Ititit, Henry ..
somewhat remarkable, that it has been recently ascer-
tained as a fact, that this monarch and Charles t. were
both buried at Wiadsor; the former fanwas for tutting
off the heads of his wives, and the latter memorable for
loosing his own. They ate here mention:dales* as
precedents. Lord Liverpool intimated that great doubts
were entertained as to whether the charges coatainet
in the Bill of Pains and Penalties lately introduced into
the Howe of Lords
come to a more
The Queen bas not
apparently deprived
gooses might to be
" Worm Majesty's
the Lords ertarrve.
Parliament assembled,
that it may Imo Guested:
Now when a Peer
been usual for centuries
of the Lord High
the Court of our Lord
great and ancient w

South Wales, Ist
undertaking, in this
, much more so
with, which you
that did not
two years, the
ell a tree, which
timber. l have
in girth and
a knot, and
splits like a —_ produce of one tree
has built me the house we now live in, I bare now
got clown about 33 acres of timber, and nearly 20 is
cultivation. I have now reaped a remarkable good
crop of wheat and barley, and am now busy thra4h-
Lag out for to turn into the Store ; Liverpool is the
surest Store to me, and that is about I 0 miles.
am about 35 miles from Sydney. but a very pleseng
situation. The Uoverntr has behaved to me veer ealt
colony, and has gives use ley'
when I entered on the agile
twelve mouths on the data ri
my family he has• sea istri
and has gives me twelve
lall the family. he says, for my
Use harbour at present is
Rvety thing bore Is peace-
oserosein miry day."
6.--The Cyadda. of iloothwell.
ease &work ea the 11161 tea.
Seise We et the ~go ow
woe got Asa the waralog of
foe Ilataleargh.

wait at
were di

THE Qt*EE.V.
To the Address from Berwick, pres-nted be I lira
Ossnlston, her Majesty returned the itie An4w..r
" For this loyal and alfectionete Address. I feel deeply
indebted to the May or, Bailiffs. and Burgessen of the llnmeei
of Berwlekmpon-Tweed. The ravage width death has
made amongst my nearest and most beloved relatives, sine,
1102 England, has furnished many arduous trials for my r,
signation and my fortitude. It is my duty to submit, with-
out fretfulness or Impatience, to these and to heavier arse-
irons, if I have still heavier to endure.
" My many sorrows have been mingled with an infesioa
of joy by the enthusiastic delight with which the people
balled my arrival from the Continent. I had been so ion,
absent from England. and so artfully reviled In my aba„,.;.
1 that it was supposed I should Dever return. My rehire
operated like a flash of lightning upon the public mind.
Those whom the ammoniated slanders of my monies had
caused to hesitate about my rectitude, were instantly Watt
with a conviction of my integrity. But while my mewls
exulted with joy, my enemies turned pale with apprehension.
The consciousness of their own guilt was aggrssated by me
irresistible feeling' of my innogenee.--They exhibited a.ia
guise picture of Malice rendered impotent, and of rage be•
coining desperate.
" When my enemies found that they could not operate
upon my disinterestedness by a bribe, Hwy attempted to
shake my courage by a threat. Bit I derive from the bovine
of Heaven, a mind that is at ouce supeiior to the pieta.
tiens of avarice, and to the impressions of fear.
" If I sin a subject, I to a subject in a state of immediate
proximity to the sovereign; and certainly I ought not to be
placed in a less favourable situation than that of the net
humble Individual. Every subject, whatever may be
condition or his rank, is entitled to a fair and open Kai, by
which his guilt or his innocence may be legally estviil44,
To me such a trial is refused. My demand for it has Velma
been answered only by Green Bags, which perjury has Elm,
or by Secret Inquisitions. over which malice presides. Estes
other subject has the benefit of an impartial Jury; aid be
may object fo a certain number of Jurors, whom he my
know, or believe to be hostile to himself or partial to his ad-
versary. Can I object to any of my numerous Judges sad
Jurors ? What individual Is there who could expect en in.
partial trial where his adversary could inflamer the eiejorits
' of his Judges, either by the fear of loss, or the hope delis;
either by good in possession, or in expectancy ? But are
my Judges alone without human infirmities I leave re
question to be answered by those who know whit man is;
or who have calmly observed the late proceedings is tbs
House of Lords."

For several days put it has been understood that
her Majesty would take up her residence at Brantley-
borgh-house. from various causes her departure bat
been postponed, and yesterday was fixed positively far
her Majesty to leave the metropolis.
At an early hour yesterday morning Portant-OM
was in consequence filled with carriages and Nl*
anxious to see her Majesty before she quitted tbecigir
tal. At about two o'clock, the hour at which it was
supposed her Majesty would take her departure, the
crowd opposite the house was excessive, and beanies
of " God save the Queen, God bless her Majesty," wets
heard from every quarter. The Queen was "mistily
pleased, on two several occasions, to show herself at the
balcony, and bowed condescendingly to the people.
A short time after two o'clock it was understood that
her Majesty had altered her determinatioa, and,
in consequence of the iodiposition of Lady Asa.
Hamilton, had postponed her visit to Braades
burgh-house until Saturday ucxt. The
was, that some part of the crowd
perked. We understand that the car'
tually counter-ordered, and that a -
to.be sent down to Hammersmith to
patations. At nearly three o'clock ,
arrived on horseback and was greeted
:as. goon after his arrival, a servant
to order the carriage to be gut in readi
jolty having determined not to disappoint
lesions of the inhabitants of flamturnmtith
ailment the street was completely thronged ,
mats, some of them of the highest respectability,
anxious to pay their respects to her Majesty. Maly
ladies of reek attended in thrir carriages, and gentle-
awn ua horseback awaited the appearance of her
jetty. At At length, at nearly 4 o'clock, her Majesty's
marriage drew up to the door. It was as 'grimly men
elegant open carriage, drawn by fear beautiful hey
horses; the near loatin was mounted by a patinas.
The livery was scarlet, trimmed with gold lace. Us
the panels of the carriage was painted a crows, aid
underneath the letters "C. R." In about 10 sleet's
her Majesty made her appearance at the door of Orr
house, and was immediately bawled into the farrier.
Her Majesty seemed to be in high spirits, sod hooked
rensarkably well; she was dressed in a dere-colgturea
pelisse, with a.bat of the same colour, surmounted
a very handsome plume of white feathers.
WI Ann Hamilton next made her appearance,
NA was followed by Dr. imallingtoe and Mr. Al-
demon Wood. Load cries of "tied save the
Qum," accompanied with shouts of &probed".
Ilia the air. The carriage drove of at a fast nit
into Oxford-street, followed by a great unnamed
persons. It proceeded through the Park, aid out st
Kensington-gate. In consequence of a sliding des
which fell at this time, the carriage, winch was pat
thusly open, was closed, and it euatiseed shot &-
lag the remainder of the way to liansiousinith. Tit
toad was completely lined in many parts with Fes#l
ladies were sera from every window. medal 140.
haasikerchiefs, and crying " God save the gases. M
we barracks it Itensttienn we whammed • frees mew
her of the military join In the general shoat; Al
took off their hats and waved them is the air as hew
Majesty Famed, When her Majesty arrived ar
mersmi.ll the scene was exteutely inteustiag•
AL
were prepared to receive her Majesty, sail the 111th'
charity children, dressed in their Stsisiday cleibwe
were stationed near the gharcb, to wettest beg
Majesty's arrival. Before the carriage reached Neu'
met smith, a body of geutienlea en horseback. 14
white favours in their hats, camte ti base bee MairdiTy
and they were greeted with loud cheers. They err'
palsied the carriage until ft treated firaudeobelliP
house. The town of ilasiniersasith was cosekell
fined, gees were discharged, and the I ells weirrolt
Pier Majesty most eandeseeedingl . bowed to the.
as she passed. The carriage proceeded hantesh!telf
ilitedeelturglrhonse, and drove threegh the rill,
gates es-tlergread entrance up titmauest 411°
re"
the treat of the suasion. Her • r
Hamilton, Mr. Alderman Woad Wit.
.V 00611111.116
thee alighhed, The carriage waa IMIDIPPI1114"
three ethers filled with ladies el rusk lA. "le.,*
elm* paying their respects to Isor:Sejedfo
diaed. at Brandeabarghlienee.
-weoarday evealag The sews eteleowaw",
`-e rrUllaety inemlestod.• sod

a

%

11.1••• •
rds ansoont t;tressea. And sew we gime l use into the et&
striking anomaly then all dm rem. far isidgesal
of been tried or foiled Guilty. Gough Mph tae two ass and
red of her rights. The liclee self% dw Net also the arrival of
be tried by her Peers rtihr
_lll. Milli Government house,
sty's most detail sod 1111111100 ere foe SW Sada
ram. and Temporal, and Centimes It on the fora.
abled. do hereby Wiest pluirrag Neely fell of shipplag.
meted," kr. Ice. la. t tad cultivation is ime
%or or Peeress is ft Im G bath Leakiest% July 11.—T
!storkss past to try' doss 111 pt where mat
Steward. (orderings. het some boats laving It
Lord the King in I &Wee sad eolle) she Tr,
A magistrate, bath bees as ly tbe Nth* sad Pitotatkil 1

rtestiolh, and before and _
se consisted in certain re- Setrict of a letter, dated New South
ie demesne lauds vhf the Feb. 1820 :—" It is a laborions undertai
kc. &c.; but these alms country, to begl a new farm, nit
.tl, that Queen C 1, vibes you ban begin with,
to refinliNirt C.... ws but still tl
Parliament hada 75 maim the a t is now twi
meat revenue to neon Bth of this meet nee I began to fell a
r Queen be creased Of ail is, in general, very thick and heavy Stub
whether Consort or pew• felled several trees on my farm, ltlyards
of Parliament, as Queen 70 to SO feet long, sot • brunch nor
Sth, Henry VIII. , It is splits like a match ; almost the produce

in of Lady Ant
visit to Break,-
The coniettiarare
crowd was dis-
t carriage was se-
person was shoat
postpone the pre-
Mr. Ald. Wog
test witlahsad hie
ant was despatched
readiness, her Ma-
ippoiot the expee- •
nerstuith. At this
thronged with }err
test respectability,

wr0011.1111.177L8 STH DAY AT ONg O'CLOCIL.
IKE ° nit lodli Stock -
„,„,kotk 0
..._;401. go. sai ic DittoDondo tic ni. pm.
[f' ,t os- egil Old Alumni's
I M'cost. 79 Ey. dills sq. ss. pm.
Woo. °moles
fillit Ditto Colo. fie. pm.
If
llgtopio, fil-liii Coe. for Alm. Olin
101....r.am Aim EP Lott. Tiekets fill. Ills.

ept StattsMllll.
rumisime• woßposATeD *Ern ,s TU2
it "Mil
STILTS/DI A}4."

LONDON:
nitwit ITZWING, AVOWIT 4, 1.520.
--ose— -
STOCK EXCHANGE.
msg. impu when bat little basiness was ping for-
s) this morning, a rand exhibition of an unusual
„Narred. A furious Bull suddenly burst

L:a the house, and in a great rage commenced an 1
01.„pos s poor harmless Bear. Brain in his tura
te,,aiag, savage with such an unexpected salute,
„de a saddes spring at the nasal prombntary of his
woe, and succeeding is his effort, pinioned him to
Ite meta. There he held the Beer till he was
„aro with rearing and bellowing. He then suffered
week tole retreat, and business commenced.
Extract of t private letter from Paris, dated the
IS of .isgast!.—
.•I bare sot received any news from Italy or Naples
,Ire ley last. Our capital was greatly agitated this
lir by fire which took place in the suburbs of
krcy. Some men had been working in a wine and
koiy cellar, and whilst they were gone out to take
wireshuseat, a spark caught the straw, and the blase
rinsaairated with the liquor in some vessels. The
ire lii MIMI with the greatest fury the whole of the
threw& Several houses are down, some lives are
kat. The fire is not yet extinguished ; I cannot,
;button., inform you at present of the total loss."
?ascot Fuxue.—Fire per Cents. 79f. 35r.

?roma. Bermuda Gazettes received this morning
[YRWI THG WASHINGTON CITY ISAILITTIL.I
Br accounts received at different parts of the
railed States, it appears certain, that the yellow fever
mails with great violence at the Havanna. The in-
remorse between that island and the commercial
ritio of this country is incessant, and the fact of the
tiottnre of that terrible malady there, at so early a
period of the year, is truly alarming. The Guardians
of the Health of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Bal.
tinore, Charleo on, Savannah, and New Orleans, will,
so doubt, be on the alert, and vigilant in adopting the j
Beans of p:eventiom
By the Criterion, Captain Avery, 21 days from New
York, we bare received American Papers to the 12th
alt. The following are extracts:— •
Auenwir.“4,ll.l 11.,Ths subscrip-
tion book fur the New York City Loan of 200,000
dollars, at 5 per ('tnt. per annum, was opened yester-
day morning at the Mechanics' Bank, and Immediately
filled.
INDIAN OUTRAGL—The Knoxville Teneriffe Regis-
kr of the 11th alt says,—" We have heard that the
Cherokee Indians are destroying the grain houses and
ether property of the white settlers on the south side
of Ilighwzssee River, and that about 30 men had
collected to repel their depredations. The person
from whom our informant got his information, said be
saw a borate in flames, that had been fired by the In-
dians, and corn fields entirely destroyed ; that-the In-
dians had given the white people a very short time to
remove their cattle, or they would shoot and destroy
them also."

The expectation we bad entertained of receiving by
this day's post as account of the proceedings .f yes-
terday at the Warwick Assizes, on the trial of Major
Cartwright, &e., has directed our minds in a particu-
lar manner to the circumstances that led to the Meet-
'lag, fur which the Major and the other parties are at
resent on their trial, and to the state uf public feel-
iag at Birmingham at the time the Meeting took
place. So long as the manufactories of that populous
and busy place were actively employed for the pur-
pose of military equipments at home, and the supply
of commercial monopoly, during most part of the war,
abroad, the profits of the masters, and the wages of
the metlimen, were sufficient to satisfy tLe regular
wants uf families, and the encreasing demands of
taxation ; bat on the return of pease, and of the usual
habits of commercial intercourse, the flourishing trade
of Birmingham and of our other manufacturing towns
legal to decline, and the wants of families, and the
demands of taxation continued, while the earnings of
industry declined. Distress and discontent ensued.
-Complaint, well-founded and general, was clamorous
and urgent fur relief ; and the perceptions of the people,
quickened by the poignancy of suffering, and the en-
ereese •.f eupetience and knowledge, directed them
to associate in their minds their personal distresses with
the political evils of the system, and to seek for personal
through the medium .f Parliamentary Reform.
Os this great object thly bad long deliberated, they
lad often assembled to petition, and they at length de-'
spired et seeing the accomplishment of their desires;
whom mutat the impulse of a steeng sad peculiar feel-
114;siarge majority of the people of arnslogbam, tar
dm t►e Commitution which provides two limbers
ieemposeesta Barrie' without a single ishableant,
W reviled mot a single representative, though cos.