The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-04-05 00:00:00

THE ST ATEOT

*loch tool:Vire about three Inuetbs after. altered Cie dies and other goods which they knew to be in such
nt. te cf things, boo Carlos was then a pale, sickly, soot &nom. and which accordingly continued to attract
part' youth, of about thirteen years of age, wt.i.st l.is test Ene.'s;a sine,: vier. ; their resortine to this
t-rtstn Philip rens only thirtydwu years cdrf, and h., per- far the pew!, tinz.l .rwitte 1 was neither ilegel with re.
son was far from heing repulsive. Don Car:os never uas ta the in;tll,itan!‘,- nor irjariusts to Igngland.—,
i•ifornied of this amended marriage, and !loth:rig is:ogre' 1 he 17.tig;ish rout on the Channel, iyiue every whirs
fabulous than the story of his passion fur Elizabeth.. opposite to erenek parts, open. and generally nearer to
Philip, naturetlrdesirons of pivoting the throne to hie the smuggler than this island, ;be shutting up of this
posterity, ?sprained her Limier, and at the nuptial tore- : heats ovoid have been of oil soot-ice to England ; the
etuny Pon arena gave her away. At the age of 19, Pliett trade meth, only he snppressed by measures adopt-1
ti :a young prince had a dreadful fall, and his life was el at home. and ankh avoid strike at the practicel
tor souse time despaired of. As a mode of cure, the • genereiie- In many reePorlt, indeed, it WAS Prefcrali!°
eurOse of Lie c, a holy eranciecao, was placed upon f for the interest of Enalaint that the smugglers should
hits : his recovery was declared to 1"... $ miracle, and resort to Cuerasey, rather than a foreir; country: In the I
Vie's) was runts/deed. However. nott-ittistatiosior the lint place, it was calculated that taking brandy, gin. tea.l
intercession of the seiut, it was afterwards found neves. and tobacco, nee with throttler, *old to the snitig.;:er in
sary to trepan the patient. His intellect. abitl before (intoner!, or ia the French ports in the Channel, one third
in: accident Win not strung, now became considerably of the animist paH by him was afterwards incurred and!
ioipaired, and many of his actions from this time b.we a t charged to the goods. in ad.ligoo to their first unit,
i
"'toile uPrenrvicr of insanity. From his eitrliett in- fur treiAt and insurance the first shiprinT
Lowy he had beers unruly ; in toe bovhon,i he was port. charges of landing. reshippin, storage, triad.;
eielent atel cruel, and at last he displayed a few• att. age, small casks or peltar's. Pro:o4. tut • it I%AS
cheracter, which rendered Wm an obiert of terror sod, therefore tin object that this third sloe:Ili eitii•r.• at !
dais.. +dime to all those about hint. To consolidate thv home; besides. as trade is promoted by ;in ;toter-
connesion between Spain and Austria, a union hetereen change of commodities between different cosunto;e-, the
Ann, asughtcr of Maxi eee Wan, and Don (*.aloe, was re. I British trade and fisheries %ter,e greatly betiefitted in the
s.lyed ninon. The joy he irstifte,l on this to:cation, and I sale of their produce, by the piirchase of the goods in
the anxiety he *hetet:Sl for the accomplishment of his 1 nnestion ; and mane a carzo of brand v has been pest,
Insular. is a sufficient refutation of the story of his chased be one of cone-fish tibia fish would
love for islisabeth. As he advanced in years: he ilia. never have bee. caught, or sent to a foreign market. if
&deed to eont-eal his ambitious spirit; and the open I it had not been in cuntemplatitm of the returns in
way so whirl, he talked t.f ha dangerous and treasonable brandy. sod of the means sit cet:itig rid of thoae returns
nr-necto, proved the Nate of his iutelleets. Ile it iu iu litmrnsey. In the second Place, it was desirah:e to
;unr•tnolartoit to lezve the kingdom, and e aiv him. I keep the mmigglers from the frenels Nits, where lots'-
sell Into Flanders, the sirvciergraty of liich he hoped to not might have prompted them to set tie Mill keep their ;
°hum. Ihe step. he took to mist' mune, betrayed his in- vessels; and the good policy of doing in, sell pertaittine
tentions,stith which Philip was made acquainted. Driven them to resort to this island, was prayed by the event. 1
to madness by the übstaelesheencountered, Ise meditated The fast-sailing craft used in that traffic, nod tiieir 1
the roust criminal of artious—the murder of !lii fat'...r, crews, were, on the breaking out of every war, rsouverted j
tio Christmas eve he confessed himself, anti acknow- into cruisers against the enemy, and sent to sea the very
Liked his intention of takieg the life of a man he moment whets letters of marque were granted.
hated—aloso:ution was refused to laini by the priest. During the whole of the last century the trade of the
Llorente now comes to the discussing of a point in island progressively it:creased: the excise duties i nereas-
which be hie a derided advantage over his anti- ing also. the temptation to the smuggler, and his re-
itonists. Ile denies that the Ingnisition either tried Don tptired supply of goods, because the greater. The inter-
Carlota. or Inmost judgment vu i.ius—and he proves his vals of peace were, however, more or less intervals of
opinion. The Secretary, Puler del Hoyt), was ordered trade- very little was done comparatively, within the
to receive the depositions of the witnesses. A ial period of war, when the French ports were of' more ditfi-
commission was created, to sit in kdgment on the Mince. cult access to the smuggler, and when printeering ages
It was composed of Cardinal Espinosa, Inquitoitor•tieue. afloat.
rah and President of the Council of Castile; the Prince Indepenletaly of the supply of goods to the smug.
Evoli ; Monte, Counsellor of State; anti Alugatones, tilers, and the navigation and trasie which the proem ing
Counsellor of Cnstile. Mug:atones uas entrusted with of that supply oceasioned, a considerable branch of bolsi.
the preparatory proceedings. In no stage of this me- nest arose front the entreput or deposit of wines, spirits,
lancholy affair, says Llorente, was the Inquisition cen• t and other foreign goods, destined fur legal entry into
solted—the special commission alone took cognisance f Great Britain arid Ireland. Before the bonding system,
of it. After a short interval, Aluzatonee presented a le. liuersey may be said to have served ns a warehouse for
pert, in which he took into) cousideration the evidence I keeping foreign goods. its the sane manner, or rather in',
had been adduced, and the letters and other pa- lieu 441 those used for that purpose in the Ltimiun-docks
pets is hich had a reference to this transaction. lie con- and bonding ports. Before that system, those goods
eluded by declaring that the Prince was guilty of high were subject to pay the duty era landing, and as the duty
treason, and of intended parricide ; that, no-cording to in many cases amounted to three or four times the first
it e laws of the land, his life was forteited, butt that his cost of the goods, enormous capitals would have been
Majesty, in the plenitnie of his power, could extend to- required tv have imported is hole cargos, the interest of
wards him what degree of mercy he might judge proper, which would have swallowed up the profits; whereas
The other members of the a onstitission adhered to this I the cargoes, being deposited in linernsey, were after-
ori ?thin. In this stage of the business Dun Carlos ex- wards ordered over in small parcels as they were wanted, !
fired. lay which means an English nterchant could choose his j
Another question now presents itself—what was the time to buy abroad, when a favourable opportunity of-
. oarlire of the death of Don Carlos? 'f he belief that poi- fermi, and, with the same capital sir credit, could speen-1
• ear was administered to him by order of the Kin , has I late on three or four times tke quantity of goods mere i
been so lung. so generally, and so firmly established,for Ouerusey than for London.
Viet it requires some firmness to combat it. However.
•Ilocente, without being intimidated by the formidable
array of historians he has to eneuutiter, boldly enters
the lists, and assert. that Dun Carlos died a natural
sheath. He pity.. that be is in possession of doetments
that give a rid mite detail of the rise, proves', and termi-
nation of his last illness. Attionget others, he notices a
rert from Eraser, Secretary of State, to the Corrigidor
po
.of Toledo. The Prince, from his natural debility, from
the known feebleness of his constitution, and the dread-
ful state of agitation in which Ise MIS thrown, could not
1)11 fall a victim to the severity of his disorder. Some
clays before his death he was informed that fen hopes of
life remained. fln the 21st of July he solicited and ob-
tained leave to make his will, which he dictated to Oat-
tale, his secretary. He then sent his confessor to im-
plore his father's forgiteness; Philip answered, " that
he granted it to him with all his heart, and hoped he
would find Etter torture fiord in favor of his repentance."
On the ?'2d and 23d, he listened with calumets and re-
signation to the spiritual exhortations of' Isis Almoner,
after baring received the saerament. The king, inform- I
ed that the last moments of Isis son were near, supported
hr the Prince of Fvuli. entered the opartment of Don
Carlos, and it ithout being seen by hint, bestowed his
Leasing on him. The unfortunate prince died a few
hours after.
!donate brings forward a great deal of circumstantial
evidence in sopport of his opinion, butt which unfortu-
stately he scatters through a number of pages a i Omit any
attention to method.
Ile perhaps exaggerates the importance of the proofs
he has ',mootst before the pulrfa ; but he his certainly
succeeded in rendering probleinatiral, uhat was before
lookel upon as certain. If tfie late secretary of the In-
quisition deserves censure for haying fullest that station,
Ise has in Poole me tour': atoned fur it by the publication
of this work.

• VENICE.

A it.

The fallowing is an extract of a private letter,
from Venice, dated March 20:—

• tVe feel lt concerned here at findin;, that several
foreirn Journals hare made it a prartice so bewail oat; si-
tuat:on. It is true that the commerce °four city is not in
a flourishing state. This has arisen from canses which am
independent oldie change of sovereignty. But thPdecay
of this State is exaggerated with toe much malignity.—
How could it be asserted in those Journals, tt that the
English were employed in transperting to their coun-
try the palaces and monuments with which *Or city
abounded ?" This is a remarkahle falsehood. The Govern.
ment of Austria has rigorously prohibited the demo.
litiun of any palace, since it has ireen in possession of the
city of Venice. It endeavours to purchase all that can
be useful to the public service. It has made consider-
able embt•llishmenis in this city: canals have been co-
vered, and now form large and commodities streets. The
Errecria has been restored, and fonts, an adusirablt
coop davit The Emperor has granted theiasm of i
150,000 francs out of the increased revellers oribe city
of Venice, for re-establishing the churches mil public
monuments. 1 here must be an mires, permission on
the part of the tiovernuient to export the igast object of
art beyond the limits of the Monarchy. We are Wand
then to say, that if :lustria is unable to alter the march
of European commerce in oar fevonr. her Government
does what it can to ameliorate our situation. 11,-sides,
the most perfect tranquillity prevails in unr country."

TRADE OF GUCIMSEY.

(FROM THC RURRNSIT STAR.")

If trade is necessary to all countries, ei;en to thou
which can binsst of a fruitful soil to any exteot, how
snuck more so is it to those where the land is not ade-
rate to supply the primary wants of the inhabitants ?
The island of tinernsey is in that predicament ; one half
of Its population depends on foreign supplies for its very
existence. _ _ _

The situation of Guernsey is well adapted fur trade,
and must have been su considered of old, on both sides
of the Channel, since we see England and FranCe unite
in opinion as to its utility as a free port, and come to a
mutual understanding that it should continue so to mer-
chants of all nations in time of peace uud war. Our
charters are explicit on that subject. This privilege of
neutrality continued in full force till the Revolution,
King William not thinking fit to confirm it, though be
conirmed the privileges of the island in every other re-
spect. He was probably afraid that it would open a
channel of communication between James 11. in France,
and the King's adherents in E:ss land.
The neutrality of these islands having teased when
'flue William came to the throne, by his order in mem-
eil of the tith of August. 160, the island turned its
thoughts to privaterring, and was very successful in his
and Queen Anne's wars--so 11/113r11 so, that 1,506 prises
are said to have been suede by Jersey and Guernsey in
the course of those two reigns.
The Freud) goods brought to this island as prizes at-
traded purrhassrs from the neighbouring coast of Eng-
hail connexions were focused, capitals increased, and
sew channels of trade opened themselves to the inhabit-
ants; the funding system took root in England, duties
increased, and with these the temptations to evade them ;
every tiling subject to those duties. and paritalarly
French brandies, were eagerly bought up by the Fuglish,
and head as rally ready sale oa their imp coast.
q
It is as wonder it, on the return of peace, the inhabit-
ants were induced to import and keep in store the bran-

saireipt from timidity anl weakness, the Junta has font
Meth se opinion iu wiskit either the rights of the thrtine
or those of the people are violated; it will follow this
It stein io long as it exists, with that tranquillity obi. h
the testimony- of his own consciertie gives to a iust man.
The Jinita• has seen with satisfaction, within a tow
days, the Constitutional system established in all the
branches of the Administrative ant Judiciary system of
the repital of the Monarchy; it has seen measures taken
fo establish the same ‘ysteiti throughout ell Spain, in
execution of the dot reel issued by the King, by the ad•
vice of-the Junta. This first step having been taken,
thf pullet liberty of the press has been established, the
Tribunal of the inquisition has been abolished, the pro-
perty restored to the administration of the public debt.
this branch separated from the general treasury, and the
directors appointed by the Cortes called to the perform-
ance of their duties; the re-establishinent of !hr Council
of State has been effected, and the worthy men who had
heen driven from it have been recalled; the Chamber of
Accounts has tern urganited, and the Junta has meg-
; sized the necessity of eitoosiog for all utfices sinuous
own devoted to the t. haute. Itiany other important
works have beets undertaken, and iu shots tile ilithrtilties
.which l opposeii a sudden and quiet establishment of the
t'onssitutional system have Well as much sufweed as hu-
man prudence could permit: but ,that has rxclusitely
demanded the attention of the Junta, is the laborious and
dangerous !Axons. of
.preparing the convoratian of the
Comes, which must form :he woftis of liberty, and ititpcse
au eternal silence on passions and contrariety of 'minions.
ant, Citizens, how many and thorny questions
have presented themselves to the Junta •n examining
this important lustier, whi, h would have been simple if
the coestitutional system had experieered no alterations,
hut which becomes so complicated when it is necessary
to create even the bases of it. The Jolts has been
obliged to treat these grave qiestioas without having
time to consult the learned seen and the writers who
could have thrown light upon them. Supported by its
siender informatioe, it has given to the King those
councils which its love to the Charter an I its own on-
science dictated, in order that at least the spirit of this
precious code might be followed, if it was impossible to
adhere to the letter of it in some points. These labours,
which can only be considered as the fruit of the purest
attachment to the Constitution, of the most sincere de-
sire of succeedint, and of the insiiirations of a clear
Constitution, ttubiassed by prison it views, have been
presented to the Ministry fur his Majesty's examination,
and the Junta has the satisfaction to announce, that it
has just officially !earned the approbation of his Majest! .
It consequently is already occupied in drawing up the'
regulation for the convocation of the Cartes, which, in
circulating throughout the nation, will diffuse the balm
of confidence, and slow the path of (dory and prosperity,
in which it must hereafter walk. It is the,,, well-beloved
Citizens, that theJointa will, with the openness and good
faith which characterise those who compose it, manifest
to the nation the foundation on which it rests its opinion,
and the painful alternative in which it found itself as to
the choice of the means which presented the fewest in-
conveniences.
Mean time, full of eonli-lonee in your love for order, in
your adherenee to the I barter, and in those singular
virtues which distinguish you from all nations, the
Junta 181)111s itself obliged on this great day, the anui-
versary of the Constitution, and that on which that pre-
cious voile, the depository of the general will, is to be
published, to warn you that the iiiniatience which is ex-
cited by great events, when it does not depart from the
'bounds of reason and prudence, is the best indication of
the constancy of general resolutions and the firmness of
principles ; but when carried to excess and agitated hs,
unreflecting minds, impatience becomes a powerful
weapon in the hand of malevolent cunning, to disunite
..ilion, to excite fears and jealousy, winch in all puli-
ieal changes are the origin of calamities. because they
rep the public in a continual state of agitation, uhich
weary out Komi men, and drive then, to abandon the
helm of the State, to the irreparable misfortunes of their
country. •
The establishment of a new system on the ruins of one
that has fallen, is this° greatest, the most difficult, aed
laborious operation, which is known to man. It ex-
heists all the resources of human understanding and
prudence; it exercises and elevates the social virtu%
history of all revolutions, and the example of
Prance, should render you prudent, cud moderate your
impatience; they will show yon that every revolution I
which impatience would terminate in a day, has caused
tears to dow for ages; and that, on the contrary, the
quiet and constant movement of slew institutions con•
solidates instead of destroying. We may compare the
one to the results of the stormy inundation of a torrent,
• - sweeps every thinz away, and the other to the me.
tic and beneficent swelling of the Nile, which fee-
Itilizes even, thing and destroys nothing.
Citizens! Let us follow our sublime impulse with the
order and tranquillity hitherto observed, to render us
the object* of the admiration and respeet of Europe, and
to show how well we deserve our liberty.

(Sig ned)

Louts un.llovasom.
Cardinal de la ScALA,
Archbishop of Toledo. Pre.ittent
(And the other Members of the Junta.)
.Madrid, March 19,16211.