The Statesman.
London, England, 1823-05-05 00:00:00

AUSTRALASIA.

The arrival of his Majesty's ship Bathurst brings let,
ters and papers from Sydney, to the 23d of September
Captain King, t Commander, has returned to Eng-
land to lay before the Admiralty the full results of
his voyages and discovery on the western coast of New
Holland, in completion of those performed by Captain
Flinders.
It must I.e gratifying to the many respectable families
who are looking to our possessions in this Antipodean
territory as their future residence, that almost every ar-
rival frum Port Jackson brings information that the more
the researches of the inhabitants extend inland, the
more are t'.ey rewarded by ascertaining an indefinite ex-
istence of fine country; and perhaps it is net sufficiently
lnown that the interior of New Holland yields in no in-
stance to the beauty, excellence, and richness of the
finest soils of Van Diernau's band, with the difference
of a climate that will ripen the orange, the lemon, the
olive, that invaluable grain the maize, and similar boun-
ties of nature.
It is a singular, but not generally known fact, that a
century h■s elapsed since Colonel Parry, in a memorial
to the Duke of Newcastle, then Secretary of State to

TH

George T., laid it down as a postulator:to, " that there is
a certain latitude on our eerth,ao happily tempered between
the extremes oiliest and cold, viz. 33 deg. whether north
or south of the Equator, that it will ever be found to be
more productive of the choicest gifts of nature, than any
other part of the terraqucons globe: it is a latitude" he
continues, " which sheds such fruitfulness on the earth,
and happiness on mankind in general, that the further
they atedistant from this degrre, so much are they the
less happy! Tbus Barbary, Egypt, Syria, Persia, In-
dia, China, Japan. and in short all other countries are
found to excel in proportion as they approach it; upon
this principle, Carolina, and New Mexico, in North, and
Chili, and the teiritory bordering on the Rio de la Plata,
in South, are countries preferable to any in all the Ame-
ricas; and thus Andalusia is the best in all the pro•
vinces of Spain, as are, for the same reason, Languedoc
and Provence the best in France and Naples, and Sicily
the most superior of all the Italian Domin►ons. It ap-
pears that so far back as 1723 Colonel Parry wished to
induce our Government to form a settlement in New
Holland, and that he subsequently addressed the Ditch
and French Ministry en the same subject ; his applica-
tion to the latter was referred to the Academy of Sci-
ences at Paris. who coldly replied, " They could not
judge of countries they hail not seen;" and nearly 70
years after, when Captain Conk returned from circumna-
vigating the Globe, it was left for Great Britain to add
tl►e vast acquisition of Australasia to the empire, and
by the settlements in New South Wales to confirm
the
.position and realize the anticipations of that enter-
prizing man.
The last Sydney Gazettes bring only general local in-
telligence, but they bespeak by their appearance activity
in all the movements of the settlements. An Agricultutal
Society has been formed, promising much advantage to
the territory. Sir Thomas Brisbane is its patron; and
some idea may he formed of the increasing number of
respectable colonists, from eighty gentlemen having set
down at Paratnatta, at the first dinner of the establish-
ment in August last, when upwards of 1,5001. was
subscribed, to carry into effect the purposes of the esta-
blishment.

The new-formed settlement at Macquarrie Harbour,
established as a secondary place of transportation for the
offending convicts, had continued to make successful
progress. The coal here is found good and easy of ac-
cess, and the timber, both in quantity and quality answer
every expectation.
As a proof that the increase of luxuries keep pare with
the more solid improveinecs in all the comforts of life, an
advertisement in one of the Sydney papers invites masters
of vessels to pick oranges for their sea•stores from the
trees of a settler, at 6ti. dozen. A very few years
since this estimable fruit was only attainable in thecolony
at 6d. each !

The same payer says, a house in Sydney is now sell-
ing colonial tobacco fully equalling the celebrated
American negro head in its strength ■nd peculiar
sweetness.

The bee-bives taken ont by Capt. Wallis, of the isa.
bella, fortunately arrived ask, and four of their quickly
populated habitations are now in the neighbourhood of
Sydney, where the valuable little colonizers seem to lose
none of their forces from their change of climate, but ra-
ther to increase is thrift and hardihood. The owner
expected to extend his four to twenty hives in twelve
months, so conger ial to their prosperity and nature is
their newly acquired land.
Those cultivators of the vine who have selected proper
situations have every prospect of being amply rewarded.
Mr. Illasland brought over some samples of Australasian
wine in the Shipley, for submission to the Society of
Arts, who have awarded him the silver medal, in token
of their approbation of its quality.
While every minor source of wealth is obtaining due
attention iu the territory at large, the principal feature
that distinguishes New South Wales, more immediately
as it regards the interest of this countr: , is the peculiar
fine wool of its sheep. The favourable Prices it obtains
here, and the high opinion entertained of its qualities by our
most experienced manufacturers, continue to stimulate
the growers to increased exertion. On Colonel Purry's
principle of the fruitful character of the 3.3 d degree, the
latitude of Port Jackson seems to be that in which the
pure Merino breed delight and prosper more than in any
other; for, although perseverance will ultimately im-
prove the flocks of Van Dieman's Land, the settler in
that island finds in his attention to the fine-woolled breeds,
difficulties to contend with unknown in their more con-
genial climate of New South Wales.

MAI
ARR. nvz.
2 ...Dublin
S....Waterford.. • 0
0.... G dr Jersey. • 0
0.... Lisbon ..... 0
U....dottenborg•• 1

PRICE OF STOCKS THU
Bank Stock
II per Ct. Red.... ..... .76
I p.Ct.Cons i•
36 per Cent
4 per Cents...... —974
New Fours.. .994 lOU 90j
Long Ann. —204 5-16 7-16
Imp. s per Ct. Ex. Div...

♦RR.

DUE.

1....H011and 0
o....Hambro I
I.... France 0
(....Flanders ..0
o....Matta .O

IS DAY AT ON O'CLOCK

I India Stc•A 2494
IDitto Bonds —s. -s. 38spm.
Es.Bill.2d* 16s lOs Os pm.
10004 __ _

600[.164194 spm.
Small 16s II s —s pa
Lottery Tickets ..... —I. —5.
Coa.forAact .....79 781 791

Xite sbtatcontan.

MONDAY EVENING, MAY 5,1823.

Paris papers to the 3d inst. received since our last,
have brought a Telegraphic Despatch, which confirms
the reported entrance of the French on the 25th inst.
into Saragossa. That place, it appears, had been previ-
ously evacuated by the Constitutionalists, so that it op
posed no resistance to the enemy. The same despatch
announces that the citadel of Jaca was in possession of
the French army. From the manner in which this in-
telligence is given, it might be imagined by those not
conversant with the geography of Spain, that the acqui-
sition of this fort was another step in advance. Jaca is,
however, a small place near the foot of the Pyrenees, of
no strength or importance. The private accounts, given
in the Journal de: Debuts, intimate that Count Abis-
bat, (who is represented as having only 8,000 troops of
the line with him, although others letters say 15,000)
will nut maintain the fortified position which he bas ta.
ken at the Prado, in front of Madrid, but will fall back
on the Tagus, at the approach of the French army. If
this be the case, the capital will be entered without any
opposition. The same letters inform us, that Morillo
was marching with 1,600 men into the province or
kingdom of Leon, while Espinosa led back his corps to_
wards Madrid. Mina, it appears, is at the head of a
considerable force in Catalonia, which may be much aug-
mented by its junction with that under Ballasteros, who
retires slowly before the invaders, observing their pro-
gress, and gemming or destroying all that could be turn-
ed to their use. The castle of Burgos bad been ertirely
destroyed, so that the plate was untenable. The Provi-
sional Junta of Spain .was recognised at the bead quarters
in the town of Oyarzon by the Duke d'Aneortlerne, in the
name of the King of France, and has sent a despatch to
Baron d'Erolles, that be and his army and the places
under his jurisdiction, should recognise them in the ac•