The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-03-16 00:00:00

THE SIATFSMAN.

WHIGS iI.VI) TORIES.

It may not be uninteresting or uninstructive to many
of Mir reader.. In place before them a concise, yet au-
thentic., description of the two leading political parties
of the kingdom, denominated tinder the lieirly obsolete
names of Whigs an I Tories, from 1)r. kel•P'S
parch', nhich PlAtrP, under the article of Whigs, a party
or faction in Engl.lll,l, opposite to the Tories.
The or tin of the names of these two mighty factions
is very obscure. If s little Initial circumstance or
adventure, which escapes the kiwi% ledge of mankind,
gives nailer to a party, which afterwards her s famous,
posterity labours in vain to find the original of such
name: It searches the source., forms conj..etiires. invents
reason., and sometimes, indeed, meets the truth, but
always without knowing it assuredly.
fehig is a Scottish, sod sonic say, too, an Irish word,
literally sigitifying ash, Tugs is another Irish word,
signify nq rrool•er or high est:yaws.
Tories, or Tons, a party or faction in England, op-
posite to the Whigs.
During the unhappy war which brought King Charles
I. to the scaffold, the adherents of tlca King were first
called Caratiers, suit those of the Parliament Room/.
/wads ; %%bids tau names nen' afters arils changed into
I her of Tories and Whigs, on the following orcasion:—
kind • f roldier4, or banditti, in Ireland, who kept
00 the moisiitains, or in the islciels formed liy the vast
bo'gs of that comitry, being called Tories, a flame they
still bear incliiiermoly with that of kapparees; the
King's enemies acrosing him cif fai miring the rebellion
in Ireland, a loich broke ont about that time. gave his
p sans the 114111 C of Tories; mod, on the other band.
tlirTories, to be even nith their enemies, wit. were
thickly leagued with the Scots, gave them the name of
/nig*, who, living in the lire& and tivo:111, fed much
on milk ; rhig whey.
The Cinalierc. or Tories. had then principally in view
the political interests of the King, the font n. and the
hutch of England ; and the liound-brads, or Whigs,
proposed chiefly the maintaining of the rights and in-
terests of the people, wail of Protestantism. %or have
the two factions yet lost their first virus; ti gh their
first names, Cavalier and Round-head, be now entirely
digitised.

A 'fore may be defined in a few word*, to he " a lover
of monarchy, tl Kh w 'tlitot.t abauti • g liberty; and
a partizan of the family of Stuart;" lig a 11•6ig usay be
d dined to be. " a lover of lilwriy, llwnlb willsont re-
flouncing' monarchy; and a friend to the settlement in
be Protestant line."

THE CRIMES OF REFORMERS.

f: Pretending that vast semis of the public money
hale been ptolligately speed fur worthless objects._
tbipigh the restorat• of a Louis. a Perdinaml, the In-
qiiisition, and the Pope, were obtained at a trifling ex-
pense, to the satisfaction of all parties elincerned.
*. Pretending that our roinmerre and manufactures
hale dwindled away—thougli both
are in the most flou-
rishing condition.
aI. Pretending that one half of the nation are starving
'nit peace aml plenty reign thronghont the land.
• Pretending the people are not fairly represented,
at seats in Parliament are to be bought as common
as sun at noon-day—a charge ably repelled by a late
S er of the Hone of Commons.
1: Pretending that 4 Heform ;ii Parliament is both
adihnble and practicable—n hen such an attempt is
w' end riaio Wiry.
Pretending that we an heavily taxed—though we
milig pay nineteen 'Wino in die pewit. ....-
d. Pretending that doe national debt is an eel--
sio Justice Bayley calls it a bitifi/I4r.
& Pretatitling the people have.
.a right to 'see—
thing,' the contrary bas pretty well been shewn at Man-
chester.

P. Pretending that we live under a corrupt, oppres-
sive Owes-ammo—ll eh that honest awl Willmar pa-
triot, Lord Castlereagh, is Pritne 3linistrr.
Preten.ling The Custrirs is a corrupt hireling,
which is a lie in the very fare at if.

11. Pretending the lilandiester Yeomen Cavalry are
inhuman binclwra—though their conduct has richly de-
serted the thank% of the Prince Regent.

Astecoorx.—The late Mr. West used to relate, that,
beinpr one day in the presence of our late Monarch, his
Majesty faniiiiarly askeil him how old lie was, and Mr.
West having stated the number of his years, the King
rejoined, " Then when 1 die, West, yea will shake in
your shoes."
A duel took place on Wormwood Scrubhs, on Tuesday
last, between Major Cl—v—n, late of the Blues, moil
Lieut. I.—g, of the 19th Lamers ; the former .accom-
panied by W. Sl—v—r S—th, Esq. late of the 10th
Royal Ilnissars ; the latter by Major 11—ke, late of the
Nth Hussars. It was previously arranged that the
parties were to tire by signal ; Jlarur Cl—y—n's fire
took nn effect, and Lieutenant 1.--s:discharged his pistol
in the air. Mr. S--th then interfered, and the parties
left the ground, but without any reconciliation having
taken place.
Counsixo.,—Yesterilay a grand coursing snatch took
place iis Bushey Park, the seas of the Duke of Clarence.
Twenty-five brave of greyhounds were entered. The
company., both horse and foot, were extremely nurse-
rons. Nine brave and a half. of hares were coursed, and
ran very strong; three brace and a half only killed; it
was altogether a very excellent day's sport, and the com-
pany bighlysatisfied. Only one brace of dogs allowed
to course each hare.

PIGION MATC■ TOR 200 OVINCAS A Stns.—:l match
on which great sums were pending, took place on Tues-
day, in the Midghain Meadows, between Mr. Crawford,
a member of the Midgham 41ab, and .a Mr. Smarten,
from 'Norfolk, who accepted the challenge, which was
held out against all Engl.md. The match was to shoot
at 21 birds from a trap, 21 yards fnnn the gun, with
charge unlimited, and the bird to fall within lINJ yards
of the gnn. Betting was II to 10 on Crosford.—Mr.
Croxford missed only twice out of the 21 shuts—Mr.
Smarten missed three times. _ __ • ___

the course of six weeks, Mr. Wm. Dashing, of
Doty has undertaken to run nine miles in one hoer, ou
the Newma. rket Race-ground, for a bet of one hundred
guineas, p. or p.
Ihrwraccriva Fiac AT COrVINIT. BCCKP.—A most
alarming fire broke out in this village at midnight, on
Monday, on the farm of air. Shorter, which was occa-
sioned by the negligense of a boy, in setting fire to some
strati in the stable. on the return 'tome of his master.
In less than ten :ninnies the static was rongummi, and
seven pigs were burnt in a stye at the hack. 'floe denies
rowintanicated to two barns, shicb were also consumed
in a very short time. A *trout wind communicated the
Hawes to the timber roof of the dwelling-house. and at
this time the fire was seen many miles oil. A range of
houses, seven in nnnaher, fell a prey to the devouring
element, but most of the furniture was saved. A man
of the name of liartholernew was dangerouily hurt by
smite timber falling upon him.
Cononna's Ixto. CST.—Yestertlay an inquisition was
taken at the Hoop and Grapes Tavern, game-square.
hefore Mi. lima., Coroner for the City and Liberties of
West:Amster. on the body of Thomas *Roberts, Quarter-
Master of the Ist battalion of the 3d regiment of Foot
(Wards, who put an end to his existent, by cutting his'
throat with a tarot. Verdict, " Insanity."