The Statesman.
London, England, 1823-04-24 00:00:00

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THE STATESMAN

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taken for the 1 urpose of producing, by force, the natio*
to subthit themselves to an order of things to be either
suggested or Prescribed to them from without. •
Sir Henry Wellesley has, in coincidence with thgl,
ORi
reported the alarm which the intsnilest mission of
M. de la Toor do Pin had excited at Madrid, the prejrn
dice which, in the "minion of all the Foreign Ministers
at Madrid, it was calculated to occasion to the King's
,_ interests and possibte safety. Ile also reports s
which it was in contemplation to have adOptedthe , onste the
part of the King, to enclosing. to prevent the. French
Minister from prltsecutitfg his journey to Madrid, when
the intelligence of theiabandonment of the mission was
received from Paris.
At all events, therefore, nntil some central anthority
*hall establish itself in Spain, all notion of operatinx•
and
upon her councils seems utterlit impracticable ; cal-
(misted to lead to no other possible result, than that
of compromising either the King or the Allies, or pro-
bably both.
'I he. present state of Spain, no doubt, seriously extends
the ranee of political agitation in Europe, but it must
ineestlielests be admitted, that there is no portion of I.:u-
rine of equal magnitude, in which such a revolution
eould have happened. less likely to menace other Slates
with that direct and imminent danger. which has always
been regarded, at least in this country, as alone constitu-
ting the ease which would justify external interference
—if the case is not such as to warrant such an inteefer-
ence—if wo do not feel that we have at this moment
either the right or the means to interfere with effect by
force--if the semblance of such an interference is more
likely to irritate than to overawe; and if weliave proved
by experience, how little a Spanish tiovernment, whether
of King or Cortes, is disposed to listen to advise from
Foreign States, is it not prudent at least to pause, beforen
we assume sal attitude which would seem top rden us i
the eyes of Europe to some decisive proceeding? Berore
we embark in such a measure, is it not expedi least
ent at
to ascertain with some degree of precision, which we
really mean to do ? This course of temperate and 'cau-
tious policy, so befittinr the occasion and the critical
position in which the King is personally placed, will in
no degree fetter our action, wheo, if ever, the case for
acting shall arise.
In the mean time, as independent States, the Allied
Powere may awaken, through their respective missions
at Madrid, with not less effect than would ateend any
joint repreeentaiion, a salutary apprehension of the con-
segnencts that might be produced by any
violence
offered to the King's person or family, or by any. hos-
tile !remotes directed against the Purtugnese dominion'
in Europe. for tie protection of which Great Britain is
boned by specific treaty.
In conveying any such intimation, however, the nt-
most delicacy should be observed; and though it is tube
presumed that the views and wishes of all the Alied
Powers must be essentially the same, and that the senti-
ments they are likely to express cannot materially differ,
it Joys not follow that they should speak either in their
corporate character, or through any common orean—
both which expedients would be calculated rather to
offend than to conciliate or persuade.
There can he no doubt of the general danger which
menu,e more er less the stability of all existing Govern-
men from the prlnciples which are afloat, and from the
eircumstances that so Many states of Europe are now em-
ployed in the difficult task of casting anew their Govern-
mentsnpon the representative principle; but the notion
of revising, limiting, or regulatingtr:: course of suebex-
perinwnts, either by foreign council or Ire course
force,
would be as dangerous to avow, as it woad betscpossible
to execute ; and the illusion too prevalent on this e ittn
jest, should not be encouraged in our intercourse with
the Allies. That circumstances might arise out of such
evnerimente in any country directly menacing to the
safety of other S•atee, cannot be denied, and against such
a danger, well ascertained, the Allies may justifiably,
and inust,in all prudence, be on their guard; but inch is
not the present case. Fearful as is the example Which is
furnished by Spain, of an army, in revolt, and a Monarch
seeming to a Constitntimi which contains in its frame
hardly the semb'snee of a Moorchy, there is no ground
for apprehension that Europe is likely to be speedily en-
dangered by Spanish arms.
In this alliance, as in all other human arrangements,,
nothing is more likely to impair or even to destroy its
real U ility, than any attempt to push its duties and its
ohlisa!ions beyond the sphere which its original ceocep-
tion and understood principles will warrant. It was an
union for the re-conquest and liberation qf a great prby
ortion of the Continent of Europe from the ar
dominion of France; and having subdued the conqueror,
it took threw of possession, as established by the peace,
tinder the protection of the Alliance. It never was, how-
ever, intended as an union, for the government of the
world, or fur the snperintendence of the intern...l affairs
of other States.

dare. u
what p

. . .
. . .
We shell be found in oor place when actual danger
menaces the system of Europe ; but this country cannot,
and will not act npon abstract anti speculatire principles
of precaution. The alliance which exists had no such
purpo'e in view in its original farmation. It was never
so explained to Parliament; if it. had, most assuredly
the sanction of Parliament would never have been given
to it; and it.o °I'M now be a breach of faith, were the
Ministers of the Crown to acquiesce in a construction
being put npon it, Of were they to suffer themselves to be
hetraled in a coarse of measures, inconsistent with
those principto
les which they avowed At the time, anti
which they have since uniformly maintained both at home
and abroad.

No. 11.
Instructions drawn op by the Marquess, of Loodond
September
14,1t,22.
(Extract.)
With respect to Spoilt, there seems nothing to aid to,
or vary, in the coarse of, policy hitherto pursued ; solici-
tude for the safety of the Royal Family—observance of
our engagements with Portugal—and a rigid abstinence
from ny interference in the interna affaits of that con n-
try, luatist be considered as formingl the basis of his Ma-
jeat)'s policy.
No, ill.
The Duke of Wellington to Mr. Secretary Canning.
Received Nov. 7.
(Extract.) Verona, Oet. 29, pin.
1 shall object to every thing, excepting that the Allies'
Amid I call upon France to explain herself ; and then
that they should recommend to her, if peace be her ob.
ject, as it must be that f
ito he other POPOV'S, that she
should ask for the good ors of one of her Allies, to ex-
plain to Spain her desire to remain at peace. •
If the Allies should agree to recommend this line, and
shook' enter into no treaty, nor makr any deckration,
hostile to Spain, and France should then desire the
B g t
ood
offices of England, I shall consent to give the*. uif
there should be ari• defensive treaty, or even declaration
sgainst Spain on the part of the Allies, I shall cooshler
it nor duty to decline to become a party to e4lier,
shall endeavour to make them feel, collectively, that the
treaty t r declarati,m will only render useless the efforts
of the Power which is to use its good offices to ineisitaln
peace ; and I shrill also decline to consent on the part of
any Oovernment, to use such good offices; bat if pressed
to do so, l shall take the demand ad reftrendens.
No. IV.
YR. SCCRITAIIT CANNING TO TOO DVELZ OP WEOLINOTON•
Foreign (fee, Nov. 8,18 V•
signify to your Grace has A.l.4esty'. entire sp-
. of your Clolltioct and langoapsn respect to the
Spiin;---and particularly et the determination

not to promise the good offices of his Majesty between
that Country and France, in any other case than that of a
simple and specific request to that effect on the part of
Ittanoe.nimcropuoistied-ty "luny tzeityan May dechiraAlon
of the Allies hostile to Spain."
• • • No. Y.
•
sitmeoe•Ntioit attt.a•rive TO THE CONDUCT OP SPAIN ;
Communicated 1, M. tie JAtAt to Mr. Secretary
• VINO, on the 18th Feb, 1823.
If proofs of the moderation of Spain, and of the little'
foundation with which she is accused of followpg. thW
system of propagating her political principles,be zequiredsi
here are three undeniable facts : ihe Junta of Oporto
applies, in I'B2o, for Spanish troops ; refused ;—The Go
vernment of Naples, in the beginning of 1821, makes the
same request; refused ;-1,0 1822, on the application cifl
'France. the French Refugees, Captain Naomi, &e. were
made to retire 30 leagnes into the country, whilst the liens.
Eguia, Abren, &e., and the self named Itegeucy sync
organizing Bands of the Faith at Bayonne sod Perpig-
nan.
In 1822 we declined the services of three French regi-
ments of the Army of Observation. Up to this day, so
French soldier or peasant can be cited whom we have se-
duced, armed, paid, and thrust into the bosom of his
country to devastate it. We have not raised the trbeo-•
loured. flag; we have not refused to publish a generous
and salutary amnesty; we have not invited to evening
assemblies of etiquette French ontlaws and conspirators;
we have not tolerated that an individual at Madrid
shnnld invest himself publicly with th.' title of Charge
d'Affaires of the Regency of Fraccembilst his Excellency,
M. do lagarde, was Ambassador of his Most Christian
Majesr), at the Court of his Catholic Majesty. In fine,
we have done nothing (for these negative proofs might
form too diffuse a catalagne); we have done nothing
against the French of those things which the French
(that is to say, the French Government). have done
against us; sod we have done for the Ooverntnents
which excommunicate us what none of them have done
for us.
If there be any question of verbal or written disavowals,
England has received the most solemn disavowals on the
Wet of Portugal ; Austria on the subject of Italy; and
ve, especially in tae Memorable Sitting of the Ilth of
423, has heard the Representalives of Spain de-
appealing for the troth of it to the history
'ell frou 1.808 to 1514, and from 1820 t
That their country will never interfere with
intersal affairs of other Powers; and 2dly. That neither
will she consent to the scandalous dictation% which it is
wished to impose upoither.
PRANCE.
No. I.
MR. StCRIITART CANNING TO SIR C. STUART.
Foreign tyjier. March 31.1823.
Tbe first Article. of which I enclose a copy, is con-
tained in the treaty between his Majesty and the King of
Spain of 1814, but has never been published. It was
originally a secret artwle, hot his Majesty having de-
clined agreeing to it as such (from the opinion that ought
40 be communicated to his Majesty's Allies) its title was
changed from that of a secret to a separate article. It
formed part of the treaty communicated to the Court of
France in 1814, by the Duke of Wellington, then his
Majesty's Ambassador at Faris ; hut it Was omitted in the
copy of the treaty laid before Parliament at the express
desire of the French Government, signified by the Prince
de Talleyrand, then Minister for Foreign Affairs.
M: de Cliateaoloisnd will, I have no doubt, at once Sc.
knowledge that such an act of compliance with the wishes
of the French Government, enhances his Majesty's
claim upon France, to respect the solemn obligation of
this article.
Yoer Excellency will particularly remark to M. de
Chateaubriand, that the 'Treaty of 1814, was not nego-
tiated till after our army had been withdrawn from
Spain.

(INcs.osuart is No. 1.)
SEPARATE ARTICLIL.
HIS Catholic Majesty engages not to enter into any
Treaty or Engagement with France of the Nentreof that
known trader the det orninstion of the Family Compact,
ator any ether which may iffoct the independence of
Spain. which may be injurious to the interests of his
13!itannic Maj-,sty, or may be contrary to the strict
alliance which it stipulated by the present Treaty.
The present separate article shall form an integral
part of the Treaty of friendship and alliance signed on
the fifth day of illy, and shall lave the same force and
validity as if it was IntVrerd, word for ward. and shall he
ratified, and the ratification shall be exitttagnd witain 40
days, or sooner if possible.
In witness whereof, we the undersigned Plenipotentia
ries have signed, in virtue of oar respective full powers,
the present separate article, and sealed it with the seal of
our arms.
Done at Madrid, this sth day of July, 1314.
(L.. S.) M. El.. DUQUE DG SAN CaLos.
(L. S) U. WELLESLEY.
No. 11.
SIR C. STUART TO MG. SECRETARY CANNING.
.
(Extract ) Paris, April 7, WV
M. de Chateaubriand assured me, that the French Ow
the
vernment are quite resolved to respect the obligations of
article which I communicated to him.
- -

PORTUGAL.
No. I.
MR. SECRETARY CANNING To SIR MARGI STUART.
(Extract. Foreign Vice, Dec.E;
3, 16'2.
Your Exec'Ley will take an opportunity of obtain-
ing from M. de Villele some inforutation respectiog the
nature of the recent cornnlunications between the French
and Portuguese Governments.
11
No. 11.
SIR CHARLES STUART TO MR. A
RC.SECRETRY CAN
2N1NG.,1
(Extract.) Paris. 12, 182.
In answer to the icquiriet I Lave been authorized to
briog forward, respecting the nature of the communica
thins which have taken place between this Goveramest
and the Court of Portugal, the Duke de Mathieti de
Mortmoretcy has sh:sivn me the correspondence of the
French Ministers with Monsieur de Lesseps.
It appears from th;7, correspoudence, that Monsieur
Oliveira, the Portug ease Charge d'Affaires at tbli Court,
called upon Monsieur de tiillele in the course 'of the
summer, fur the purpose of representing the anxiety to
which the assembling of a French force on the Pyreneei
had given rise at Lisbon, and of expressing a hope that
his Excellency would give him a full explanation of the
tiers. entertained by the French Government with to•
.peer to Portugal. Monsieur de Villete assuteti him that
nothing could warrant auy feeling of unewiiness on the
part of the Portuguese Goveruuntlit , that the distance of
that couotry had net permitted him to contemplate the
possible effect, which the concentration of troops in
Fr.ruce could produce upon a nation, with those institn-
lions or governmett the French Ministers could have 110
desire to interfere.

No. 111.
,
TUE VISCOUNT DE CLIATISAUBNI,IND TO TH PORTUOUgSt
• C/.IARGS D'AFFAIRES AT gmE s.
communicated by de ViSCOlitte de bIARCE4I,I3 to Mr.
Secrstavy CANNING, Murcia 7, 1823.—(Extract.)
T:.e Portuguese Uovernment thinks proper to protest
Kist the principle promulgated in the 'perch delivered
by his lUsjesty on the 2dth of J anoary, at the opening of
the present Session. The King of France hasthem; a rightand
to
hold tri his people the language %%Lich suAs
' it would be difficult to underatand how the Porttigueee
floventment can take Umbrage at a speech addressed to
the Deputies of Fresco. .
If the Fermis Army shoold be obliged to enter Spain.
the Portuguese Charge d'Affaires will be at perfect fiber-

tv to felt the French territory, in conformity to the er-
sterebe boa meived from his Court.
• K the French Government is forced.to declare War
against the-Spanish Government, it is not to support po-
litical theories, hut because her immediate safety and her
essential interests are compromised by the internal trona-
actions of Spain. France, not being in the same situ-
ation with regard to Portugal, sees no plausible motive
to induce the Government of his Most Faithful Majesty
to renounce tberelations of peace and friendship. France
hopes that she shall not have to repel an unprovoked
aggression; nor to maintain a defensive war, which
wnnld have no other foundation or pretext on the part
of those who should declare it, than the promulgation
of a principle on which the political law of France is
founded.
As to future arrangements respecting the residence of
Consuls, the French Government sees no occasion to enter
into any arragement upon that subject, because it has
never been the intention of his Must Christian Majesty
to recall, either his Charge d'Affaires or bis Consuls,
from Portogal.
Pie will m future adopt such measures as may be con-
sistent with his dignity. The undersigned, tee.
(Signed) CHATRAUBRIAND.
No. IV.
IL DR CIIATEAUDIVIIIND TO TRY PRIINCH
CBAROL
11.11TAIRCS AT LISBON.
Communicated by Viscomte MARCSLLUS N Mr.
Secretary CANNINU, Feb. 3,1823.
(Extract.) Paris, Jan. 30, 1923.
The letter which I had the honour of writing to you
on the 13th of the present month, confirms all those
which my predecessor had addressed to you, respecting
the friendly dispositions of France towards Portugal.
You have constantly been instructed to assure that
'Government that our armaments were nut directed
•egaiost Portugal—that the maintaining a body of troops
in the vicinity of the Pyrenees bad no other Object than
to place us in a state of defence, should our territory or
our tnstitutioos be menaced by Spain, and should the
conduct of that Power render a rupture unavoidable :
but that we separated the cause of Spain from that of
Portugal, against which Power we had no complaint,
and that we wished not to see our relations with her in-
terrupted,'
No. V.
SIR CHARLES STUART TO YR. SECRETARY CANNING.
Paris, April 17,1823.
Sin—The Portuguese Charge d'Affaires at this Court
has addressed a note to the Viseointe de Chateauhriand,
stating that, in virtue of the instructions he has receiv-
ed from his Government, be considers the relations of
ramity, from betwn the two countries
en to have been inter-
ropeedthe moment the Frch army crossed the
frontier of Spain, and that he must, therefore, demand
his passports.
This Connbunication has been answered by a Note
from Monsieur de Chateanbriand, referring
i to his for-
mer declarations, that it is the desire and intention of
his most Christian Majesty's Government to continue at
peace with Portugal ;—tliat if, however, the manifest-
ation of these friendly sentiments will nut induce Mon.'
sienr de Sampayo to suspend the execution of his orders,
until the result of a reference to Lisbon shall be known,
his passports will be delivered to him ; but that French
IMinisters do not think it necessary, on that account, to
withdraw the Charge d'Affaires, or the Consular Agents,
who are actually employed in Portugal to maintain the
usual relations between the two Courts.
I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed) • CHARLES STUART.
The Right lion. George Canning, &c.

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Zile *tatiroinan.

THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 24, 1823.

ROYAL GOV r.
We sometime ago complained most bitterly of the gout
on account of its attacks on a Secretary of State. What
shall we say of it, then, when it dares to attack a King?
Among other bad qualities which the gout has, its capri-
ciousness is not the least bad. Yesterday the King was
thought to be very well ; immense crowds were prepllaring
to go to congratulate him on his birth-day; and aat
once, without scarcely a minute's warnin peonies the gout
and lays him by the heels. The Morning Chronicle
says, that the news was circulated in every direction
about eleven o'clock in the day. This must have been,
*sudden attack, indeed. The Chronicle in another part
says : " We have heard, that the seat of this disorder is
removed to ANCYIHER PLACE, from whence it may
not so EASILY BE EXPELLED."—What can. the
Chronicle mean! It cannot surely, wish to
o, insinuatelt
• Nno !
cannot mean that; but what does it mean, then? We
wish it would speak plain, or speak not at all. Far our
parts, we Oppose his Majesty has the gout in his feet,
or in one foot ; but to have it at all, is quite enough to
keep a man from attending a Drawing Room. Indeed
we are not at all surprised that his Majesty is ill, though
we do not clearly see, the cause of the alleged disorder.
When we beard that he bad had fifteen hundred crea-
tures to paw his band in the course of une day, we were
well enough prepared to expect that he would be
sick ; and if it were our case instead of that of
jesty, we should be wicked enough to sham illness, rather
than undergo the like again.

IRISH QUARREL.
The Chronicle is s% orking itatd to get this quarrel to
breakup the Ministry. It will not succeed.; and.if it were
to succeed, what would be the effect of the stecess?—
,We mean with regard to Ireland. Does the Chronic*
think that a change of Ministry, awl nothing else, would
tranquillise Ireland ? NO: it means, and, indeed, it says
that another Ministry would do something for Ireland.
Its nords are these, " the present Ministers cannot act
" to the benefit of the people, particularly at a moment
" whewone part of the Empire (alias Kincdo:n) is in a
" state of insurrection ;'nay, almost rebellion, acd con-
sequently in. want of an adtniuistration, dim, temper-'
"ate and united." The Chrinicle makes use, and gene-
rally makes use, of espressions too little definite. We
wish for something to be doss to save .Irelaull ; and

~--~=.-mss ~'
._ .~ i

-- -
(Extract.)
in to s,
1 i probation oi
. 1 affairs of SI
I