The Statesman.
London, England, 1818-11-23 00:00:00

•er' erroneous.

• This clecircumstance may, perhaps, account fir
the details given by the Masters of several ships of
having reached so high latitudes, especially as the
ships which formed the late Expedition could not
reach a higher latitude than 78. or 79.; and we aixy

presume that as grist accuracy, in this particular,
would he obtained as on any former occasion. It
would, however, be desirable to know whether the
highest latitude these vessels reached was determined
by observation, or by dead reckoning. It would also
afford sathfaction to the scientific part of the world,
slid might be useful to many seamen to know how

the longitude of these ships was determined in these
high latitudes. Because, as already observed, "the
stars end planets could not be visible when 'the'',
vessels v.ere in the Arctic Seas, and of count, the
method of determining the longitude by lunar ob.
servations could not be had recourse to, except
when the sun and moon were visible together,
which could not often be the case, in the
time these vessels were within the Arctic Circle.
It is also well kilown that the methods of determin.

ing the longitude from the course and distance ran,
either by middle latitude, or NICOLA/OW/ sailing, are
very far from being correct in high latitudes.
As, therefore, none of the paragraphs which have
appeared respecting the Northern Expedition hare
mentioned how it was tit. be known when the ships
had reached the Pole, and as this information may be
gratifying to many who are but little acquainted with
astronomy, we shall point out some of the Methods
of determining this remarkable point.
The simplest method of accomplishiqg this would
be to determine the point on the each to -which the
Pole Star, or Celestial Pole, was vertical, which
would he the pole of the earth ; but es already re.
marked, this could not be accurately done at sea; it
the ships were at this point when the son was above
its horizon, as the eters could not be visible. The
Pole, might also be easily determined by observing
the altitude •f a planet or fitted star, whose decline.
tiovi was known, if that point was land. (The stars
may be observed in the day time by means of a
transit instrument; but it cannot be employed ebb
success at sea.) The same cause would prevent
any Of these bodies from being employed for this
purpose that would prevent the Pole Star from be-
ing employed. Therefor!, the oixly celestial ob-
ject that could be employed with success to
determine this point if it were SEA, is the sun;
and by this object it would not be difficult to deter-
mine when the observer was at the Pole. For as soon
as he had reached that remarkable point the sltitede
of the sun would just be equal to its DECLINATION, et
that time, allowing for refraction, &c. and as them
moves parallel to the lloriloo of that point, the ob.
serration might be made at any hour.
We have the fullest confidence both in the skill and
intrepidity of the officersemployed in the late Expedi.
Lion ; but must say, we do not place much reliance
either in the skill of integrity of many Captains of
Greenlandmen, who would make us believe they'
have reached as high latitudes as 83, 84, and even 8b
degrees!

We have the pleasure to announce from the Coun-
try Papers received this morning, that the differences
between the Barnsley Weavers and the Manufac-
turers have been adjusted, and that the men have all
returned to their work, and their Masters (one only
excepted) have reinstated their workmen in tletir
employment. As generally happens in these CMS,
jniith parties have conceded something; the Masters
•have agreed to adhere to the regular standard lengths
'—and the men to accept the advance proposed by the
Masters some weeks after the turn-out, which is in
the.proportion of about 2s. in the pound on inferior
goods, end from 6d. to Is. in the pouud on those et
the superior qualities. • • •

The American ship Anne, Capt. CrtocKErr. beg
arrived at. Liverpool, in '24 days, from New York.
Letters and Papers will be delivered to-morrow.
Saterday's Gazelle announces that Sir CIIARL?
AnnoT, as Chief Justice of the Court of but:"
Bench, and Sir 13,011 EST DALLAS, as Chief Justice tif
the Court of Common Pies., were both Sworn, "
Thursday, of his Majesty's Privy Council.