The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-06-24 00:00:00

(From the National Intelligencer.)

A tariff bill for revenue was yesterday reported by the in-
defatigable Committee of the ways and means of the House
of Representatives; and now, if we may speak figuratively of
the business of the season, all the irons are in the fire. We
wish that none of them may burn.

We have glanced our eye over the bill, with a view to give
the reader a general idea of its character. It proposes to lay
duties on goods imported from abroad, on the chief articles
thereof, as follows : _

On unmanufactured wool exceeding eight cents per pound
in value, 30 per centum ad valorem.

On the same article of the value of 8 cents, or under, per
pound, a duty of 5 per cent. ad valorem.
On all manufactures of wool 40 per cent. ad valorem,
except carpeting, blankets, and some other articles, on which
special ad valorem duties are proposed.
On unmanufactured cotton 3 cents a pound.
On all manufactures of cotton not otherwise specified, 30
per cent. ad valorem...

On all articles of silk, according to their character, 30 or
35 per cent. _

On unmanufactured hemp, 40 dollars per ton.
On iron, in bars and bolts, not manufaetured by rolling,
18 dollars per ton ; on the same article, made in whole or
in part by rolling, 30 dollars per ton.
On lead in pigs, bars, or sheets, three cents per pound.
On cut glass, from 25 to 45 cents per pound; on plain,
moulded, and pressed glass, from 10 to 16 cents per pound.
On all articles of china or any other earthenware, 30 per
cent. ad valorem.

On tanned sole or bend leather, 6 cents per pound ; on
calfskin tanned and dressed, 3 dollars and 50 cents per do-
zen, &c.

On all bound books in the English language, 20 cents per
pound, &c.

_ .
On raw sugar, 2 cents per pound.
On teas, according to their quality, 20 cents, 15 cants, 10
cents, down to Bohea, on which a duty of 3 cents only is
proposed.
On salt, 10 cents per bushel.
. _

After going through a long enumeration of specific duties,
a duty of 20 per cent. ad valorem upon all remaining ar-
ticles.

An additional duty of ten per cent. on articles imported in
foreign vessels in cases, where a specific discrimination isnot
made in the bill.

All duties hereafter to be paid in cash.
The bill also proposes to repeal the proviso of the Land
Distribution Act, which suspends the operation of that act in
the event of any duty being laid by Congress of a higher rate
than twenty per centum ad valorem.

The intelligence from Canada is by no means important.
The governor-general was in excellent health, and was be-
coming very popular with the Canadians. Within the last
few months a very extensive emigration has taken place from
the United States to Canada of persons natives of Great Bri-
tain, but who have resided for many years in the United
States. Several thousands of these have reached Canada
since the opening of navigation. This subject is deemed of
such importance by Sir Charles Bagot as to call from him a
long letter about it.

The Morning Herald, of June 2, publishes a highly inter-
esting letter addressed to Lord Ashburton on the growing
and great importance of the corn and flour trade with
England, by way of the river St. Lawrence. It appears that
last year this trade amounted to 4,000,000 dollars.
Fifteen hundred emigrants arrived in Montreal on the Ist
and 2d days of June.

The prospect for grain crops this year in Canada is unusu-
ally good.

The Canadian papers all unite in abusing Capt. Barclay's
book about Canada.
There is no material news from Texas or Mexico.

Mr. James S. Schermerhorn, who had been secretary to
the New York Ocean Insurance Company for several years,
has proved a defaulter to that institution in the sum of up-
wards of 100,000 dollars. _ .

On the Ist inst. a very destructive fire happened at the
large and valuable store of Harper Brothers, the celebrated
publishers, Cliff-street, New York. The loss is estimated
at 100,000 dollars, and is supposed to have been the work of
an incendiary.

In consequence of the new Prison Act coming into opera-
tion, the prisoners from the Fleet and the other prisons will
be brought to the " Queen's Prison " in the course of a
week or ten days.

Two officers of the Belgian lancers at Louvain, having a
few days ago quarelled over a game of dominos, went out to
fight a duel with their sabres, when one of them was killed
by a stroke from that of his adversary, which literally clove
his skull.

The official return of all moneys repaid by her Majesty's
government to the East India Company, on account of the
war in China, since the commencement of the war until the
present time, is as follows :-1840, Oct. 27, £150,000 ; 1841,
July 2, £400,000 ; 1842, Feb. 9, 23,442 ; total, £573,442.

The steamer Little Nile, belonging to Mr. Waghorn,
which sailed from Falmouth on the 2d instant, for Alexandria,
reached Cornnna safely, and, after obtaining a supply of
coals, resumed her voyage, but soon afterwards ran ashore
at Cape Finisterre, and was totally lost; crew saved.

RELEASED SLAVES AND EMIGRANTS.—BV an arrival
from Demerara (the Janet Willis) we learn that the barque
Superior sailed from St. Helena for Sierra Leone on the 28th
April last, with 60 returned Africans, and would return from
thence for a fresh supply of emigrants. The barque Lady
Rowena would sail from Demerara to proceed in search of
captured emigrants.

In the Court of Queen's Bench, Dublin, on Monday, the
proprietor of the Belfast Vindicator was convicted of a
scandalous and malicious libel upon the administration of
justice, by representing and causing it to be believed that a
man named Francis Hughes, convicted of murder at Armagh,
had not been fairly tried. He will be brought up for
judgment next term.

THE CAPERCAILZIE.—The " cock of the north," this
noble fine plumaged rara avis, with the capercailzie hens,
presented by the Marquis of Bredalbane to the Duke of Ha-
milton, and placed for breeding in a large curiously-
constructed pavilion aviary, near Broddick Castle, has been
finely preserved. Last year eggs were placed under moor
game for hatching, and, as there was no shooting in Arran,
and all the game strictly preserved: it is probable that some
young capercailzies may be seen in the forests or in the
mountains. This season proper care has been bestowed to
get more eggs hatched, so that there is a reasonable prospect
of this grand and rare species of game gradually becoming
abundant in Arran. The moor fowl and black game are this
season remarkably plentiful.—Kilmarnock Journal.

LEGACY AND PROBATE DUTIES.-PrOlD a recent par-
liamentary return, we find that the following were the total
amounts, omitting fractions of pounds received in the year
1841, (ending the sth of January, 18-12,) for stamp duty on
legacies, and on probates, administrations, and testamentary
inventories :
Legacies. Probates, &c.
England and Wales ..... ,zE1,109,317 £915,354
Scotland . ......... 69,787
57,955
Great 8ritain............ 1,179,104 973,309
Ireland ................ 30,020 38,561

---
Totals ...... £1,209,124 £1,011,873
The total duty received since 1797 to the sth of January last,
has been :
Legacies. Probates, &c.
England and Wales .... £32,136,634 X 25,504,823
Scotland ........ 1,862,755 1,274,941
Ireland ................ 609,840 940,089

Totals •• • • £34,609,230 £27,719,854
The amount of capital, on which
in 1841,
several rates of legacy
duty was paid in Great Britain lB4l, was £41,476,521 ;
in Ireland, £2,487,262 and the total amount since 1797 was
£1,163,284,207 ; of which the three principal amounts were
£568,412,956, at £1 per cent. duty ; 293,855,817, at £3 per
cent. duty ; and .£124,851,536, at £lO per cent. duty.

BLEVENTII GRAND ROMAN PESTA
ZOOLOCaCAL GARDENS,

THIS present FRIDAY EVENING, the 24th instant,
J. and to be repeated every MoNnAr and FRIDAY during
the Season,
THE PICTORIAL MODEL OF ROME.

At dusk, this novel exhibition will be seen under the
aspect which the scene presents during the rejoicing in cele-
bration of Il Giorno di San Pietro, when the whole vast
Edifice of St. Peter's is Illuminated. and every detail of the
glorious Architecture shines forth in lines of resplendent
light. It is on such festive occasions that the celebrated
Girandola, or great FIREWORKS of ST. ANGELO,
are displayed from the summit of the Castle and Bridge.
beyond all comparison the grandest display of Pyrotechnic
Art ever invented. A fac simile of this
GORGEOUS FESTIVAL

will he represented. Amidst tremendous FLIGHTS of
ROCKETS, and CASCADES of FIRE, FOUNTAINS, and STARS,
the whole of the Eternal City will appear as visible as by
the broad light of day.
Pyrotechnic Artist, SIGNOR SEMONI.

A first-rate MILITARY BAND, under the able superin-
tendance of Mr. STUBBS. will perform during the Season.
ADMITTANCE, ONE SHILLING.

TO CORRESPONDENTS

The STANDARD is regularly forwarded to Wigan by the first
post, and if our correspondent in that town does not duly
receive it, the fault rests with the post-office there.
VERITAS.—We are much obliged to " Veritas" for his good
opinion, but will he favour us with a few facts? We are
in possession of an old tale or two that will perhaps sur-
prise him. We care very little for what evil men think of
us—still less for threats. When we are sufficiently in
possession of the doings of certain people we will not spare
them.

rlit Etbrrpoot ciPtantiatt.

FRIDAY MORNING, JUNE 24, 1842.

With the debate in the House of Commons on
Monday night before us, it is impossible to deny the
present propriety, both as to principle and time of
adoption, of the course taken by government with re-
spect to the light gold coinage at present in circulation
throughout the realm. For the last two years, it has
been urged upon the late and the present government
that the gold currency of the country was seriously
deteriorated, and ought promptly to be withdrawn from
circulation. On the 20th of January in the present
year a memorial was addressed to the Lords of the
Treasury, signed by twenty-four of the leading bankers
of the metropolis, suggesting " that power should be
granted to the Bank of England to clip such sove-
reigns as should be presented to them under the pro-
per weight; and that arrangements should he also made
with the Bank to take in all light sovereigns at the
Mint, at the price of £3. 17s. told. per ounce." At
that precise time, however, the state of our foreign ex-
changes would not permit of the immediate adoption
of the suggestion in question ; but so soon as the op-
portunity offered of the exchanges being favourable, the
order, so much commented upon of late, was issued
by the Treasury.

Thus far, therefore, the course pursued by govern-
ment was obviously warranted. But it has been urged
that the Treasury, and not the holders of light coin,
should have been the parties mulcted in the amount of
the existing deterioration, estimated at about £90,000.
But what a bonus, we reply, would thereby have been,
held out for further " sweating," " plugging," and
those other illegal practices by which the gold in cir-
culation has been deteriorated ! If the state would
consent to take, at their full weight, clipped coin, what
an incentive to further clipping ! It is urged again
that notice should have been given ; that a day should
have been fixed after which light coin should be with-
drawn from circulation. What ! to enable a game of
shuffling and palming to be practised upon the unwary
throughout the kingdom ? To have paralyzed for a
time the entire circulation of the realm ? Certainly
this, whether the government or individuals were to
be the ultimate sufferers, would have been a ruinously
unwise course ! It was obviously impolitic, therefore,
as well as unjust in its operation, that the state should
be made the sufferer, or that the course pursued, to fix
the loss sustained upon the actual holders, should be
any other than the peremptory and sudden step adopted
by government.

It is quite certain, however, that this step has been
attended with serious inconveniences and losses to the
public, many of which might have been avoided ; many
of which ought to have been avoided ; but the whole of
which could not. Individual holders have been left too
much at the mercy of interested dealers in the precious
metals and of fraudulent tradesmen and capitalists.
The arrangements of the Bank of England_ do not
seem to have been perfect; the arrangement of the
branch banks, especially, do not seem to have afforded
the conveniences which they might have done. We
are not convinced either that the public are insured
against the reissue of light coin, upon which the allow-
ance has already been made by these banks themselves.
By the money dealers and by tradesmen it is notorious
that light coin has been freely passed after its detec-
tion, and after allowance having been made. This
evil and this loss to the community at large we think
might have been avoided, by the peremptory enforce-
ment of clipping by the branch banks, and by the ap-
pointment of authorised receivers in every large town;
and until some stringent measure of the kind is adopt-
ed the difficulty under which every honest trader at
present labours may be continued for an almost inde-
finite period.

It is perfectly well known that at the present moment
a large harvest is being reaped by a certain class of
traders, arising out of this order of the Treasury. In
our own town, although the absurd panic at first raised
has passed over, and the community are assured that
the heavy deterioration urged does not exist, the over-
charge made upon the exchange of light gold by these
traders is double, and even threble what it ought to be.
The bullion offices in Liverpool deduct sixpence per
sovereigns and, in some instances, much more, if it be
the slightest particle deficient ; and some tradesmen
take even a greater advantage. We would respectfully
caution our readers against submitting to these impo-
sitions, in whatever way they are levied. The banks in
Liverpool, we are informed, have come to a determina-
tion to exchange all light sovereigns at 4d. each, and
half sovereigns at 21d. ; and it will, therefore, be the
interest of our townsmen to take their gold to these,
the regular channels, rather than allow themselves to
be tempted either by those dealers in the precious me-
tals, by whom the pretended real value is given, or by
those shopkeepers who profess to receive them, without
any deduction, for the wares which they sell.
In few cases, we believe, is the actual deterioration
of the sovereign above threepence. In many cases,
although the coin may appear light by the ordinary
balances in use, it is, in reality, what will be received
by the Bank of England as the standard weight. The
overcharge, therefore, of the bullion dealers, who de-
duct sixpence, ninepence, and sometimes a shilling, is
evident, as is that of the traders who, in reality, deduct
double that amount in the trashy character of their
goods ; whilst the deduction of the private banker is
obviously a fair and reasonable one.

We have been kindly favoured with a copy of the
New Tariff Bill, as it has passed the committee of the
House of Commons ; and give in this place an abstract
of its principal clauses, for the information of our
readers :

Prohibition to importation of cattle and meat repealed;
also in respect to fish brought by foreigners, if cleared at a
foreign port.
Turbots of foreign taking not to be landed without entry.
Tobacco, the produce of Mexico, Columbia, the Continent
of South America, St. Domingo, or Cuba, may be imported
from British possessions in packages of 801bs. weight ; and
negro-head tobacco, from the United States of America, in
packages of 1501bs.
Particular weight and tare of tobacco need not be marked
upon each hogshead, &c.
Separate manifest for tobacco not required.
Tobacco and other goods not worth the drawback, entered
and brought to the quays for shipment on drawback, for-
feited.

Foreign goods importing into the United Kingdom or
British possessions, with names of British makers, forfeited,
after sth January, 1843.
Spirits may come in stone bottles, not exceeding one quart
each.

European silk manufactures may be admitted at South-
_

anapton.
No allowance to be made on sugar damaged on voyage.
Gods detained for being undervalued, can only be so dealt
with in the space of seven days in England and ten days in
Scotland after final examination.

Warehousing bonds to continue in force longer than three
years.
No abatement of duties on account of damage on cantha-
rides, cocoa, coffee, pepper, tea, sugar, tobacco, wine, &e.r
to be made on such when found derelict, jetsam, flotsam, or
wreck.
No drawback to be allowed on goods entered out on mer-
chandise or stores, which may be of less value than the
amount of drawback claimed. Penalty of £2OO, or treble
the amount claimed.
Goods exporting on drawback to give bond for due landing
at the place entered for.
Wine for officers of the royal navy may be shipped at
Liverpool on drawback.
No books whatever, reprinted abroad from original British
publications, allowed to be imported, except when the copy-
right has expired.

—bprohibition not to take place unless notice of copyright
and date of its expiration be given to commissioners of cus-
toms.

Goods, the produce of any British possession abroad (ex.
cept the territories of Bengal, Madras, and Bombay), not
to have the benefit of such unless the goods are mentioned
in the official documents.
Lords of the treasury empowered to regulate certificates
of produce.
Timber and wood to be piled at the expense of the impor-
ter, so as to enable the officers of customs to measure it, and
no allowance to be made for interstices in the pile.
But deals, battins, boards, and planks may be measured
by the piece, and taken account of separately.
Vessels that required licenses as being under 200 tons by
the old mode of admeasurement, not to require such if under
170 tons by the new.
Vessels from which goods are thrown overboard to prevent
seizure, liable to he seized.
Act for regulating registry of vessels in Great Britain shall
extend to vessels belonging to British possessions.
Repayment of duties on barilla, used in the bleaching of
linen, repealed.
Lords of the treasury to have the power of reducing local
duties and charges upon foreign goods and vessels, in cases
of reciprocity.

Salted beef and pork may be exported without the restric-
tion of a special bond or declaration.

Commissioners of customs may remit the duties on any
goods in bonding warehouses lost or destroyed by unavoida-
ble accident.

Any goods (besides woollens, linens, silks, or cottons) may
be delivered from the bonding warehouses to be cleaned,
under the regulations of the commissioners of the customs.
Committee of tugar-refiners to provide sample loaves of
patent sugar; and su::ar entered for bounty, not equal to
the standard sample, forfeited.
Drawbacks on silks, and on wood used in the mines of
Devon or Cornwall, to cease after the 10th October next.
Goods, the produce of British possessions abroad, to be
certified as such upon the clearance.
No foreign gold or silver plate to be exposed to sale. un-
less stamped or marked at a British or Irish assay-office.
Upon the schedules of duties we have here nothing
to remark, as we have already had ample opportunities
of expressing our opinions respecting them. We may,
however, venture a few remarks upon some of the re-
gulating and declaratory clauses which are now for the
first time before ns in an authentic form. And first
with respect to those which peculiarly affect the port
of Liverpool

The regulation for permitting drawback to be granted
upon wine shipped at the port of Liverpool for the con-
sumption of officers of her Majesty's navy, serving on
board any of her Majesty's ships, will effect the remo-
val of what has long been complained of as an anomaly
and a grievance. Viewed in this light even, as a con •
cession to the claims of justice, we are thankful for it.
But we would gladly entertain the hope that there is
meant in it far more than this. The advance of steam
navigation as one of the main sources of the national
safety and strength; its application to our foreign mail
service ; the comparative annihilation, by the formation
of railways, of the advantages possessed hitherto, upon
the score of easy and swift inland communication with
the seat of government, by the southern ports of Eng-
land ; the known superior facilities possessed by Liver-
pool for the outfit and repair of steam ships :—all these
warrant, at the least, a hope that this first mercantile
port of the empire is destined ultimately to become,
and that the Government which has made this conces-
sion looks forward to its becoming, an important station
for vessels employed in her Majesty's mail and other

declared themselves also ready thus publicly to con-
form to that pure faith, of the truth of which his ad-
monitions had brought them to the full and sincere