The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-08-30 00:00:00

ARRIVAL OF THE COLUMBIA.

On Sunday the Coliimbia, Captain Judkins, which sailed
from Boston on the afternoon of the 16th instant and Halifax
(where she stopped six hours) on that of the 18th, arrived at
this port, having made the passage in 11 clays and 14 hours
from Boston, and nine days and 16 hours from Halifax. We
subjoin a list of her passengers and a copy of her log.

LIST OF PASSENGERS

From Boston to tralifax=Mrs. Mitchell, Master Mitchell,
Miss Loveland, Mr. James Tobin and lady, Rev. Denis
Mackie, Lieutenant R. Davies, Messrs. Forbes, jun., Mr.
Edward Lawson, Mr. W. W. Hoffman, Mr. A. Bell, Mr.
W. W. Spence, Mr. James Pryon, Mr. J. C. Herbert, Mr.
J. Forbes, Mr. Charles Richardson, Mr. James M'Farlane,
Mr. John Nott, J. A. de Araugn, Mr. J. Lewis, Mr. John,
Mi. A. Barry, and Mr. C. H. Osmer.
From Boston to Liverpool.—Mr. and Mrs. Lyele, Mr. and
Mrs. Shade, Messrs. W. Vance, D. M'Clagau, Murdock,
Henry Holland, D. M. Soligny, M. Ducos, and Michael
M'Grath.

From Halifax to Liverpool.--Major Dalton, lady, child,
and servant ; Mrs. Putman and two children, Miss Amelia
Johnson, Messrs. Dundas, Shute, Hudson, Nelson, Chat-
ham, Richardson, Murray, and the Hon. P. Strathuen.

ABSTRACT OF THE LOG.

Aug. 16.—Wind N.E. At 5 30, p.m., proceeded to sea :
6 45, discharged the pilot. Light winds and hazy.
17.—Wind N.N.W. Running between Boston and Ha-
lifax. Light airs and hazy.
18.—Wind S.W. 11, a.m., moored alongside the wharf
at Halifax ; 4 30, p.m., started for Liverpool. Light winds.
19.—Wind S.W., course N. 82 E., distance 175 miles,
lat. 44 54, lon. 59 28. Moderate breezes.
20.—Wind Southerly, course N. 77 E, distance 242 miles,
lat. 45 49, lon. 53 57. Light breezes.
21.—Wind S.W., course N. 73 E., distance 255 miles,
lat. 47, lon. 48 3. Moderate breezes and hazy.
22.—Wind variable, course N. 72 E, distance 268 miles,
lat. 48 22, lon. 41 52. Moderate breezes and hazy.
23.—Wind N.E., course N. 76 E., distance 248 miles,
lat. 49 20, lon. 35 46. Strong breezes and cloudy.
24.—Wind variable, course N. 78 E., distance 252 miles,
lat. 50 11, lon. 29 21. Light breezes.
25.—Wind variable, course N. 81 E., distance 253 miles,
lat. 50 48, lon. 22 47. Light airs, with rain.
26.—Wind N.E., course N. 89 E.,,distance 266 miles, lat.
50 46, lon. 15 45. Light breezes.
27.—Wind N.E. At 8 45, a.m., abreast of Cape Clear.
Fresh breezes and cloudy.
28.—Wind E. At 12 30, p.m, arrived at Liverpool, in
9 days 16 hours from Halifax, and 11 days 14 hours from
Boston, including stoppage at Halifax.

THE NEW CORN LAW AND THE TARIFF.

(From the Times.)

The new scale of corn duties and the tariff are working by
degrees their effect upon the speculators, who were hardy
enough to doubt their elljtotcy for the public benefit. Ano-
ther failure on the Corn.E:change was announced to-day,
that of Messrs. Richmond and Varr, who are said to have
held large parcels of grain in expectation of the market being
in no manner affected by the revision which was made in the
regulation 'of the duties. Their liabilities, according to the
gossip of the market, are £50,000 to 1:60,000, and some even
speak of them as being above that sum. Mark-lane was in
the highest state of excitement to-day owing to this and other
reported stoppages, which are not, however, yet authenticated.
The absence of another large speculator from his accustomed
post gave rise to prejudicial surmises, but parties who are
acquainted with his movements do not appear to apprehend
any difficulty in that quarter. The revenue and the public
are reaping the advantages of this state of things, for while,
on the one hand, the duty paid increases the solvency of the
Treasury, the increase of grain for consumption at lower
prices must soon bring down the pretensions of the bakers
and mealmen to a correspondino. level. Notwithstanding
the reduction in price, and 'the consequent increase of
duty,'the importation of foreign grain continues on a large
scale. As much as 72,000 quarters of foreign wheat have
entered at the Os. rate, according to the statement of some
parties in the market, but others are inclined to believe that
GI,COO quarters is really the quantity upon which this duty
has been paid ; however this may be, it will at once be seen
that the revenue is receiving an enormous supply of wealth
from this source, and taking it at the average of the two
stated qualities, will have brought into the Treasury coffers
from £30,000 to £32,000. Under the old law the duty would
have been 235. Sd. per quarter, which to all intents and pur-
poses would have proved a prohibition. Parties who were
all along in favour of this new plan of the Premier, which ap-
pears to be working so successfully, are of course elated at
the high prospects it holds out of supplying a fruitful source
of revenue, and now even venture to predict that wheat will
come in up to the extent of 20s. duty. They say that the
Danish islands, Odessa, Holstein, and other cheap growing
countries, will enter their produce even at this high point,
while from the lls. duty to the 15s. duty, they expect a rea-
sonable supply from the various continental markets.
It is worth while remarking, now this subject is under
notice, the arrivals that are constantly occurring of cured
meats from foreign parts. At present they are inconsider-
able, but this is easily accounted for, when it is recollected
that time euough has hardly expired to allow of a general
communication of the reduction made in the new tariff in
favour of foreign cattle. Already some tons of Monte Videan
beef are advertised for sale, and from present appearances,
it is not improbable that it will be brought into competition
with our own cured sorts of beef. Should this new descrip-
tion of meat make way in the market, which it is stated it
ought to do, considering the quality and the price at which
it can be retailed, there can be but little fear of a successful
competition with Scotch and Irish importations, which is the
argument at present set up by those connected with the pro-
vision trade against any good resulting to the public under
this head of the tariff.

That both bread and butchers' meat will be much cheaper
during the present year than for along while past, is asserted
unequivocally by those who are old enough to remember
movements which have taken place under former alterations
of the tariff; and on the ground that the effect of the present
alteration having so speedily exhibited itself, and long before
it was expected, the provision markets will be seized with
that sort of panic which, while it may bring to the ground
many whose premature speculations have been conducted on
principles at variance with those demonstrated when the
change was first proposed, will in the end serve the interests
of the general community by making apparent the great good
effected.
' • •••

With respect to the tendency. which the trade in grain still
has, which is decidedlyy
to a decline, several of the experienced
dealers do not give any great degree to the present year's
harvest as having influenced it. They observe, that it is
mainly owing to the new scale of duties ; and such further
effect it is anticipated it will have, that some have remarked
they should not be at all surprised, were a panic to come on
the market, to see the average price of wheat quoted at 40s.

DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE OF MONTEREAU

(From Alison's Histo ryevol of
ution Euro.)pe during the French
R

• " Situated 20 leagues to the south of Paris, at the con-
fluence of the Seine and the Yonne, the town of Montereau
presents one of the most agreeable objects in France to the
gaze of the traveller. The part which lies on the left bank
of the Yonne, which is the most considerable, is joined to
the right bank by a bridge of stone. Another bridge, famous
for having been the theatre of the murder of the Duke of
Burgundy, in 1812, unites the opposite banks of the Seine.
These two rivers, which unite at Montereau, with the nu-
merous barks which carry on their active navigation, give
the town a gay and joyous aspect, which is increased by the
smiling appearance of the vineyards and meadows which ad-
join it on the south and east, and the country houses and
villas which glitter around it in the sun. The traveller who
approaches from the side of Paris involuntarily halts on the
summit of the heights of Surville, which overhang the town
on the northern bank, to gaze at the lovely scene which lies
spread out like a map beneath his feet: he would do well to
remember that there, beside the little cross adjacent to the
Château, stood Napoleon during the last, and not the least
brilliant of his many victories. On the evening of the 18th
of February, 1814, the French troops assembled in imposing
masses on these heights, which completely commanded the
bridges and town beneath ; the artillery of the Guard was
placed on either side of a road near the cross, and the Em-
peror took his station in person amidst the guns, to direct
their fire, for the enemy still held the town. He had
strongly barricaded the bridges, and everything presaged a
bloody conflict.
' " It was not, however, till late in tire day, and after a se-
vere conflict, that these important heights fell into the bands
of the French troops. Bianchi, fully sensible of their im-
portance, had, during the night, occupied them in force with
the troops. of Wertemberg, supported by artillery ; and Vio-
tor, who in the morning commenced the attack on the posi-
tion, was repulsed, and his son-in-law, the brave General
Chateau, killed, when in person leading on the grenadiers
to the assault. Gerard, who was now directed to supersede
Victor in the corbmand of his corps, next advanced to the
attack, and, undismayed by the fire of 40 pieces of artillery
which the German batteries vomited upon him from the
heights of Surville, bravely and repeatedly led his troops to
the very mouth of the guns. But it was in vain ,• still the
undaunted cannoneers made good the post assigned to them,
and morn was far past, and evening at that inclment season
was fast approaching, while yet the heights were in the hands
of the enemy. Then Napoleon came up with the artillery
and cavalry of the guard at the gallop, and desirous of pro-
fiting by the few hours of daylight which still remained, he
instantly brought forward 40 pieces of the reverse artillery,
and disposed his redoubtable Old Guard and Cuirassiers to
aid the renewed attack of Gerard withal! their forces. 30,000
men, supported by 80 pieces of cannon, now marched fiercely
forward, under the very eye of the emperor, amidst cries of
Viva l'Empereur I' Despairing of maintaining his post,
which wss only defended by 12,000 men, against an accumu-
lation of forces, the Prince of Wirtemberg drew his men off
towards the bridge in his rear; yet at first in good order,
and presenting Ins undaunted front to the imperial cavalry,
which now thundered in close pursuit. But by degrees,
as they descended the southern and steeper face of the
heights towards the bridges, and got entangled in the hollow
way through which the road passes to them, they fell into
confusion ; and infantry, cavalry, and artillery, breaking
their arraY, rushed headlong to the only issue by which they
could hope for escape from the bloody sabres of the Cuir-
assiers.
" The Prince Royal of Wurtemberg, however, at this
dreadful moment, exerted himself with equal skill and reso-
lution to stem the torrent • he was at one time nearly en-
veloped by the French cavalry on the bridge, fighting with his
own hand to gain time for the troops to cross over ; and by
the vigour which he displayed, and noble example which he
set, succeeded in enabling the greater part of them to get in
safety to the other side, where they were received by Bianchi,
with his hitherto untouched Austrian divisions. Meanwhile,
Napoleon had established himself with the artillery of the
Guard on the now abandoned .heights of Surville, and soon
60 pieces of cannon opened a dense and concentric discharge
on the dense masses which were crowding over the bridge.
Such was the eagerness of the Emperor to direct their fire,
that he resumed, after 20 years' cessation, his old occupation
as a gunner, and, as at the seige of Toulon, in 1793, himself
levelled and pointed a cannon. Meanwhile, the Austrian
batteries below, on the ba
opposite nk, replied with vigour to
the fire of the French pieces ; and the old cannoneers of the
Imperial Guard, hearing the whistle of the bullets above
their heads, besought the Emperor to retire from the front
qaurage,. my friends,' he
to a situation of less donger.
replied, the bullet which is to kill me Is not yet cast !'
Protected by the fire of such a powerful artillery on the
heights above them, the mere discharges of which shivered
every pane in the windows in the neighbouring chateau of
Surville to pieces, the French Chasseurs pressed so rapidly
on the last columns of the Wurtembergers, that there was no
time to fire the trains with which the bridge was undermined;
the pursuing horsemen crossed over, pell-mell, with the fugi-
tives, the division of Dubesme rapidly passed after them, and,
amidst the shouts of the inhabitants, drove the enemy en-
tirely out of Montereau; the allies retiring, after having de,
stroyed the bridge over the Yonne, which stopped the pur-
suit, in the direction of Sens.
"This bloody combat,
which was one of the most obsti-
nately contested of the campaign, and inferior to none ever
directed by Napoleon in brilliancy and valour, cost the French
3,000 men in killed and wounded, principally in consequence
of the destructive fire of grape so long kept up by the Wur-
temberge artillery from the heights of Surville ; but the loss
of the enemy was as great in killed and wounded, and they
had to lament, in addition, above 2,000 prisoners, six guns,
and four standards. My heart is relieved,' said Napoleon,
'on beholding the flight of the allies across the bridge. I
have saved the capital of my empire. "