The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-03-21 00:00:00

ALL IN ONE LOTTERY.

CARROLL, the Contractor, who has orranr.:ell
with Government to give, for the advantage a early
Purchasers, 11,0111) Prizes of .130 each, I Ith April. mounta-
inr to tllO.OOO in Money, besides their full chance •,f all the
oilier Prizes in the Scheme, containing
Four Prizes of t30.00e ...11-111.ogo

Two Prizes of *Om ......
Two ..... ...Prizes of lO,OOO
__ .

44e IMNI
lt1,001)

_ . -
Consols.
In this Grand Scheme, with 102 Capitalc. Eng TV Tift.l -
/AND POE MP, EXTRA MONET hale been given hy the Con-
tractor to the climes heretofore showed bl (iovernment.
by which txO.5lM). in Money and COiliok. is presented to
the Public: • sum far exceeding the amount n( Prizes in any
former Lottery, with the 'Etc number of Tickets.
Tickets and Shares are selling by Cerroll, Contractor. No.
19. Cornhill. Lot 26, Oxford-street, London ; who shah d and
sold in the lost few months.
N 0.1,367
706
1.9 tr.S . 90,000 de. Re. Re.
ARROLL has Agents in all the principal Tonn. through-
out the Country.

SIR—To hear deliberately, and to decide with caution,
is a maxim so congenial to the British mind, that I
should commence my address very injudiciously, were I
to express a doubt of the public's disposition to admit it
in my favour; but your own observation will probably
furnish you with instances in which prevailing opinions
are not exactly. on the sidle of truth, and wherein long
established prejudices have so attached us to error, that
we reluctantly incline to weigh those arguments which
tend to their refutation. Nor do I consider it a small
compliment, from a man little disposed to pay unmean-
ing ones, that I should! conceive your mind so divested
of such frailties, as that von should be willing to lend
your valuable Paper for the discussion of a subject, on
which it is quite fashionable with your cotednporaries,
to give publicity to all that can be said on one side, and
to believe nothing can be urged in justification or exte-
nuation on the other. . . . .

That I may not appear to be indulging in too general
a censure, I will name the profession whose cause I
mean to advocate, accompanied with an expression of
deep regret, that a PAIVNISROKEIOI best deeds seldom
receive an honourable comment; while his errors have
been rendered so acceptable to the public ear, that he no
sooner commits a fault than curiosity is on her knees to
know it. •
I have taken some tremble to trace this prejudice to
its source, and I find the odium which the trade labours
under chiefly originates in a mistaken opinion of their
gains. The laws for the protection of property have
made it so highly penal in any one to claim or receive
more than five per cent. as interest for money lent, that
whoever derives any advantage beyond it, bears at once
the charge of extorting, and the name of an usurer. No
wonder then, when the public arc told that an exemption
is made in favour of pawnbrokers, and that they alone
are permitted to make twenty per cent. by die use of
their money, the disproportion of these allowances
should strike them with surprise. and a feeling of resent-
ment ensue, whenever they arc said to obtain one farthing
beyond it. It is, therefore, easy for their enemies to
make them hateful, by constantly presenting this idea
to the mind, and as sedulously concealing that what is
said to be given them as interest for these money only,
is in reality all the compensation they receive fur time,
indastry, real, taxes, duties, lieenses, serrate's, aad all
the other incidentals which sack establishments produce.
Nor is this all, for by wire-drawing this allowance to
its greatest possible extension, and by specious reason-
ings on it, the unreflecting are easily led to believe that
a pawnbroker's gains are inconceivably extortionate.
Their argument is, that in all cases where a less sum
than two guineas is lent, if the pledge lay a month, the
pawnbroker receives twenty per cent. per annum inte-
rest for leis money; but if it be redeemed before that
time, his advantages are enormous. They instance, that
when a shilling is lent, and returned at the end of a
week, his profits amount to no less than oat hoadred
end sixteen per sent.; and the same thing )n'ppening in
the day, he makes a clear pin of thirteen handred.
The disingenuity, and the fallacy of these remarks,
have often been exposed ; but it is not my intention at
present to do either. To avoid the perplexity of calcu-
lations, I am willing to admit the truth of their state-
ment. I will concede to them that pawnbrokers do pro-
bably receive every stay this extraordinary interest on a
shilling lent; and yet I maintain that, even then, if
they are compared with any other men, whose business
consist in the receipt and payment of money, their la-
bours will he found to be the less adequately rewarded.
Army and navy agents, from their high character for
probity, shall be the first instance I will adduce. Either
of these receiving an officer's half-pay, or widow's pew-
.

Hut opposite views and feelings have succeeded to the
high excitement of that memorable period ; and, should
it appear that the British nation no longer retains the
place which it had acquired in the esteem and affections
of surrounding States, this unfavourable change may
be nth tl. is-a• tothikdrptreas to the selfish and
mis en policy of one mercantile 'yoga. it might
have been anticipated from the enlightened ireilitts of the
ago, as well as from the wisdom and liberality of a land
of freedom, that, in making use of the ascendancy we had
acquired, we should have sought for our own prosperity
and happiness in the prosperity and happiness of our
neighbours; and, certainly nothing could have been so
Isonourahle to our national fame, or so conducive to our
best interests. What a proud spectacle would it have
been for a Briton to have seen Ins country, after foil w-
ing to destruction the power which had crushed
civil rights and national independence of contin
Europe, nobly abandoning, by its own voluntary a
the tyranny of the seas; standing forward as the asser•
tor of the universal freedom of trade; and with generous
ardour leading the way in that bright e. of success
and of amelioration, of which such a system would have
been the certain forerunner. But we have rejected this
high ambition; and instead of availing ourselves of our ele-
vated situation, to constitute our country the patron and
the example of a system of commerce worthy of our re-
putation, we have been contented to sacrifice at once
the honour and the substantial advantage of such con-
duct, that we may walk the narrow round marked out
by our ancestors; feasting our imaginations with the
fallacious gains of monopoly ; and languishing, unpi-
tied, in chains forged for others by our own hands.
The illiberal system of mercantile policy has not been
productive of evils merely ideal. Its disadvantages are
substantial and palpaple. it is not to be concealed,
tkat a deep feeling of jealousy has succeeded to respect
and admiration, and has given rise, on the part of our
commercial rivals, to acts of retaliation and enmity, as
I well as to countervailing measures of necessary self-de-
fence. It is in vain for Britain to flatter herself that her
commanding attitude, as mistress of the sea, will now
avail her ; or that she can any longer, by the force of
exclusive laws, monopolize the trade of the world. The
nature of cot ttttt erce is every day her ttttt nig better under-
stood. Capital and enterprize are inure universally dif-
fused. Even though there had been no other alteration
in her relations with foreign countries, the rivalsbip of
the United States alone would have been sufficient to
make her restrictions recoil upon herself. As long as
she continues to act on a policy so fatally contrasted with
that adopted by these active navigators, she must daily
continue to lose her commercial influence and supe-
riority, till at last, perhaps, becoming the victim of her
pertinacity in error, she may be fairly supplanted and
driven from the ocean, by the wiser and more enlarged
policy of her own offspring.
In the history of commerce, the fatal ronsequences of
a narrow system of a restriction and monopoly do not
rest on doubtful evidence. It was this which precipi-
tated Spain, for example, from the high station she once
held in the mercantile community. After having, by
her talent and enterprise, opened for herself the riches
of a new world ; after having astonished mankind by the
adventurous spirit with which she explored unheard-of
regions, and by the extraordinary success which at-
tended her commercial undertakings; after having, in
short, begun to reap the fruit of her own wisdom, by ac-
rnmulating wealth, and rising in the scale of nations,
with a rapidity unexampled in the history of the world"; li
at the very moment when the ball was at her foot and
the palm was in her hand, the pride of superiority, and
the jealousy of rivalship betrayed her to her ruin. The
Hanseatic league was sell in efficient operation ; Portu-
gal, Great Bntain, and Holland, were rapidly rising in
commercial reputation; and Spain, besotted by a maxim,
which, though still in practical existence, is now con-
demned by all enlightened inquirers, that in trade one
nation loses as another gains, beheld the established
prosperity of some of these rivals, and the growing im-
portance of the rest, with equal uneasiness. She had,
therefore, recourse to an expedient derived from the illi-
beral and selfish spirit of the age. She fenced herself
round with exclusive privileges; she holstered herself
up with restrictions; she encumbered her course with

the unwieldy load of monopolies ; and thus, while she
flattered herself that she was fixing her pre-eminence oh
an immovable basis, she was, with her own hands, pre-
cipitating her downfal. In vain she found herself the
mistress of inexhaustible treasures in the mines of Mexi-
co and Peru. By dear-bought experience she was hat gin:
that the precious metals are only the sign of weal•ii.—
The envied privilege of converting into gold every ob-
ject she touched, was turned into a curse by being ex-
tended even to her necessary food; and, less foriunat.
than Midas, she was doomed to perish by inanition.—
The absurd principles on which she acted, clogged ail
her operations, and destroyed her native energy. Tbe
nations, whose efforts she aimed to crush, profiting by
her errors, speedily outstripped her in the career of
wealth and Power; she sank beneath the load of I,er
own prohibitions; and all that now remains for
her is the burdensome pride of remembered greatoes4,
and the scorn of abortive attempts to revive a glory
which is extinguished for ever. Let it never be said of
our beloved Jitriott alspisse de dfalmia a. r-
rater."
The public voice is in favour of the monoPoltaing ,
system ; and this is precisely what renders our situation
so peculiarly alarming. It is true that every refiectios:
person sees the folly and ruinous tendency of such flied-
sures in those instances which do not affect himself or
his profession :—the manufacturer exclaims against the
restrictions in favonr of agriculture ; the agriculturist
retaliates by protesting against the undue protection
given to our manufactures; and both unite in condemn-
tog the laws designed to bolster up our navigation and
our commerce; whilst the merchant, in his turn, *ors
nothing but folly and injustice in the monopoly which
is still held by the trading sovereigns of the Last :—But,
after all, not one of these bodies would, without a des-
perate struggle, sacrifice the exclusive privileges I y
which its own interests are supposed to be protected.
Whatever enlightened views, therefore, Ministers may
privately entertain, and however anxious they may be
to give effect to these views, they are so beset, and
trammelled by prejudices and opposing claims, that it
is perhaps beyond their power to follow the dictates of
their better judgment.—ln this free country, administra-
tion is little more than the organ of the pliblic will ; or,
at least, although they may frequently lead, they ca.i
never successfully oppose, the sentiments of the com-
munity. In the present instance, it would, undoubtedly,
require much cautious and prudent management, a 4
well as a thorough knowledge of the subject in all i's
• bearings, before they could venture even to propose the
reformation of a system, so long and so inveterately
connected with our national policy, supported by so
I many selfish considerations, and involving a dereliction
of principles, tinder the operation of which we have at-
tained our present height of commercial greatness.
Not only the Government, but the people niust, in
some measure, be taxed with the support of that illiberal
policy, the tendency of which every true friend of Ids
country so deeply deplores, and so earnestly deprecate..
Could they but be induced to lay aside all partial and
professional considerations ; to attend, not to thepeffisti
views of mil b•tly abets, detaaketand insula*but
to the aggregate interests of the whole comes
united by indissoluble ties, and rendered mutual," de-
pendent, for prosperity and happiness, by laws whlcia
can neither be altered nor controlled ;—could they be
persuaded to stand forward with that firmness and honest
zeal which the occasion demands, Britain might yet
have the glory of commencing a course which, however
arduous, she moist resolve to run, if she would retain
her high rank in the scale of nations.

MIDDLESEX ELECTION.

MONDAY.-THIRD DAL

After the polling closed to-day, Mr. Earle, the I1:0
Constable of the Finsbury Division, and Mr. Smart.
the Holborn, had the politeness to have a hoard co
placed near the stand from which the candidates adds cs
the people, as to save the Centleuien connected with the
Press from that annoyance, to which they bad bees sub-
jected since the commencement of the Election, thtoug
the estrrnie pressure of the crowd.
At the close of the poll the numbers were—
Mr. DYNE&
Mr. WHI
Mr. MELLI9171

rpon the poll being announced, shouts of " Wh*.t.
bread and Bang fur ever" rent the air.
Sheriffs Pirkins and Rothwell concurred in regoest-
ing the people to give a fair hearing to all the taus:,
_ _

31r. ROTHWELL appealed with peculiar force to
assembly upon this subject, observing, that as the friel.ts
of Mr. Mellish never interrupted either Mr. Ilyng t.r
Mr. Whitbread, he hoped the people, whom he had the
honour to address, would manifest equal liberality to-
wards Mr. Mellish..

Mr. JUNG, after returning thanks to the electors for
the kind and flattering manner in which they had sup-
ported him upon this occasion, it was to his mind pecu-
liarly gratifying to find himself thus sustained ever/
day by the spirit and activity of the people, because it
convinced hint that they felt the cause as their own, an.l
that he was fighting their battle on this occasion. He
had been always most anxious to support the cause of
freedom, convinced that the maintenance of that cause
wos essential to the existence of this country as a great
nation. His impression was, indeed, that the moment
our freesias, was gone, this country must return to
state of comparative insignificance, suited to its compa-
ratively limited size er extent.—(Applanses.)—Here the
Hon. Gentleman took notice of a rumour which be had
beard to-day with surprise. It had been intimated to
him that he had canvassed for Mr. Mellish in the parish
of Edmonton. What! that he should canvass for Mr.
Mellish in a parish where that Gentleman actually rc
sided, and was much better known than himself? Vic
idea was quite preposterous.—(Applauses.)--He had
stated before that he would not canvass fur any candi-•
date but himself.—(Cries of " Oh fie, fie, Mr. 'Voir.").
—lf, indeed, be were to canvass for any other candidate
in this contest, it was very easy to know in whose favour.
—(Applauses, and cries of " Whitbread of course.")•
Mr.-Wiiireasaci then stood forward, 'and was hailed.
with the must ardent expressions of regard. Upoo their
cessation the worthy Gentleman spoke to the following _
effect:—Gentlemen Freeholders, it is again my pleasing.
duty to thank you for the situation in which, by your
generous arid active zeal, I am again placed upon tbn
poll. The result of the contest this day, is ladeed
liarly flattering, for I am as high upon the poll as I ca'
possibly desire, as I should be very sorry indeed tointer-
fere with the elevation of the old. tried, and faittifil
supporter of
_your rights.--(Applanses.)-1 am, how-
ever, in a different situation from that respectable Gen-
tleman. Helm told you that you may know in where.
favour he would canvass, if be deemed it proper to e,u.
vass at all for any second candidate. but I ant pro-