The Statesman.
London, England, 1823-10-01 00:00:00

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canoe in whiets• they fight, as much in the custody of thedr
reason. as in that of their officers. The army of the traitor
d'Abiabal tefased to participate in his treason, and would
have, eseruted seminary justice on the wretch, if he had not
fled in disguise. The sane feeling on the part of the
soldiery ought to havelteven'ed' the surrender of Comas,
Pampeluna, Simons, and St. Sebastian ; for the latter
plate, we have now to place en the list of French ennqnesti
it leasing capitulated on the 27th ult. Still there is no ab'
solute cause for despair, even of the result of the
present contest. The occupation of a few fortreaset
Teo of Cadiz were included, is not the conquest of
Spain ! There are provinces in which the French have no
force. The taking of a fortified town produces tie
necessity of guarding it; and this weakens an invading
army in proportion to its conquests. One great advantage
how possessed by the French is the positive controul of the
intelligence of the actual state of affairs. No concerted
measures on the part of the Constitutionalists can take
place, from the want of communication; and nothing but
a local resistance, originating and concentrated within the
district where the spirit exists, can be properly organised.
None of the Revolutionary party seem to understand thi
except the hetors and patriots of Catalonia, who have esta-
blished in effect, a separate republic, and act as if Catalonia
comprehended the whole of Spain. We trust that the
Cortes will not long delay the issue of a decree, dividing
Spain into as many independent republican States, as rosy
correspond with the greater subdivision of the nation ; and
calling upon thePatriots.in each, to call into action the ext-
ender and legislative authorities of each district.
—This would open a new and extensive field for haul-
able ambition : •it would confine the application
of the rem tining resources of Spain, within limits in which,
they would be more effective: it would remove the evils
arising from the want of a general communication, which
paralyses all the designs of the present executive: —and it
would lay a firm basis for the extension of that knowledge
of freedom, in which alone true patriotism can be cultivat-
ed. Some such legacy as this, we trust the Cortes, evert its
their fall, would leave their country ; but this fall we wilt
notyet anticipate. The seasons will now begin to favour
the right cause. The equinoctial gales will not be cajole&
into quiescence by French bribery; nor deterred from
raging by French valour:—and the were prolonging of the
contest is of incalculable service to the one aide, and of in-
calculable mischief on the other.

The Morning Chronicle of to-day has a curious article
upon the differing nature of Whigs and Tories, in st hick
it very dextrously shews that a Tory is no better than he
should be, and that a Whig is not what he seems to be.—
We may dismiss the fory as an animal too well known to
he exlsibited.as a curiosity ; but as the Whig is evidently
changing colour, we may be excused for noticing the oh.
serrations upon his transition. One point taken is, that a
Whig is necessarily a reformer. This is laid dew■ as
the rule ; but as it is notorious that many Whigs
are not Reformers—that venerable nobleman foe
instance, Earl Fitzwilliaus—it is taken for granted that
the exceptions prove the rule; though we eonscientioesly
believe that the exceptions exceed the conformations by
about two thirds. It is denied that the Whigs, are wie
guished as a party; vet it is admitted that only the Whigs
who are Reformers have any claim to public patronage;
and i f we understand any thing of conclusions, it is be-
cause th►y are Reformers, and not because they
are Whigs! It is added that the opponents of
the Whigs are conning over to their opinions—
but if the Whigs, that is the real Whigs, are becoming
reformers, it is they who are exchanging Whiggism far a
more intelligible, definite, and consistent creed. We regret
treperceive the reluctance to give up a name that is worth
nuthing,and which now means nothing.but serve as a dealt
for pretension, and a veil for cowardice. The writer says
" the name Reformer (from the leading allrikse)
"is often substituted fur that of Whig." Hat
why shonlil not the party tike its name fres
the leading attribute. As opposed to toryisra,
whiglism is no more. The. Tories have been triumphant
so long, that every strong hold is in their possession; sal
the Whigs have no chance of dislodging them, but by so
alliance with the reformers. Let them then wisely three
Raids an epithet which is almost synoniusous with imbeci-
lity and insincerity, and become really•powerful by limed
union with the people.

Mr Canning honoured the inauguration dinner of the
New Lord Mayor yesterday with his presence, attaal-
ed by the "little Red Lion," Mr. Huskisson. The
popular party balanced these ministerial " (Wary; b
the introduction of Lord Erskine, and Mr. Lamb; and the
good humour of all parties reminded us very strongly of
thesaccessful.efforts of those ingenious nes who exhibit in
the public streets, eats, mice, owls, sparrows• sod all torts
of opposite natures in the same cage. The present Lord
Mayor has been long remarkable for his cunning and
sagacity in reconciling contradictions; but that
Mr. Waithman and Mr. Canning should meet at
the saipe table, and rat of the. same Wad.
and drink of the same cup, is truly astonishiet
in this age of wonders. Mr. Canning was all smile.
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ind complaisance. Castles,. Oliver, Ogden, Franklin, the
Manchester Massacre,. the permeation of the Queen—ell
were forgotten; and bumpers "to our better *quiet-
mice," went merrily round. We have beard that an act e
oblivion is to he proposed early in the• nest session, i'l
which people who have me.olr ira for any perioduntrior to
the entrances of Mr. Canning into the cabinet, are tilli
visited with heavy penalties fur the exercise of thew: to
put an end to all distinctions in Wire, an arrangerooll,
to be made, by lottery, to provide For all the oLcontsalei!
Heaven help us! we known t how we shall be able to amenlb,
our brews stiAciently to tit• e; •.1!..e piping tispead Pelt*