The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-11-22 00:00:00

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IttIbtO74*IIkiJNICATION BETWEEN
FRANCE AND ENGLAND.
Why is sympathy like blind man's buff! D'ye give it up?
Mr. Robert Stephenson has addressed to the directors of
—Because it's a fellow feeling for a fellow creature.
the South Eastern Railway, a report upon the projected plan
"Rents collected," as the darning-needle said to the poet's of the French government for the establishment of a system
pantaloons. of railway lines in France ; it is very voluminous and contains
Have you improved in riding ?—Not exactly; I have fallen much important matter, as well tabular as otherwise. Mr.
of a great deal lately. Stephenson has carefully investigated the plan in all its bear-
There is at the present time a nest with five young rooks, ings, the expenses of the several proposed lines, the popula-
in the rookery of Joseph Jones, Esq., of Willerby, York- tion, manufacturing, agricultural, and fishing produce, and
shire. traffic both of passeneer4 and goods, in the various districts
through which they will pass • ' and, the effect the completion
If there is a delicate, deformed, or weak-minded child in a of , these lines will have upon the South Eastern Railway, as
family, it is generally the favourite with its parents. This is thus establishing one of the great lines through Europe, has
a beautiful illustration of nature taking the part of the most been evidently studied by the author with his usual well-
helpless. known searching investigation and acumen. In the route
FIRES EXTINGUISHED.—The mephitic vapour, produced laid down the main trunk goes direct from Paris to Amiens,
by throwingla handful of sulphur on the burning coals, where passing through or near St. Denis, Pontoise, Beaumont,
a chimney is on fire, will immediately extinguish the flames, Lien, Creil, Clermon, and St. Just. From Amiens, one
on the same principle as it would suffocate any living creature. branch goes to Boulogne, through Abbeville, and Montrieul;
In a proclamation of the Emperor of China, called forth a and another to Arras, Douai, and Lisle. From each of the
few years since by the troublesome increase of appeals from latter places a branch extends to St. Omer, and from thence
the provinces, .. his Celestial Majesty enjoined " strict search to Dunkirk and Calais: long since as 1835, the French

.ref 't

.., VA RIETIEa

to be made to discover all lawsuit-exciting blackguards, and
when found to punish them severely."
There is a man in Sunderland who has been practising the
" cold-water cure " to such excess, that he has to be hung
up every night to get quit of the' surplus water ; and it is
only by constant rubbing with horse-hair gloves that he is
enabled to keep the fins from growing.
The Bangor (America) Whig says—" A Yankee in Boston
has set up a one-horse thrashing machine, for the con-
venience of parents and guardians having unruly boys. He'll
lick an urchin, like thunder, for fourpence. Small lickings
done for two cents only, and the most entire satisfaction
warranted."
REASONS FOR HAVING. A WlFE.—Have you means ?
She will keep and increase them. Have you none? She
will help you get them. Are you in prosperity ? She will
double it. Are you in adversity ? She will comfort and
direct you. Are you at home? She will make you com-
fortable. Are you abroad? She will wish and welcome your
return.
BRlBERY.—Sweeinzeds were formerly much used to bribe
persons of quality or judges, to whom a request was to be
made. The custom at last rose to such a pitch, that Louis
IX. of France issued a proclamation, wherein he forbade all
judges to take more than ten pennyworth a week. Philip the
Handsome, subsequently curtailed this quantity to no more
than what one could use in one day.

government deputed M. Vallee Co examine the whole of the
northern system of lines, upon which, and the strong convic-
tion with which the present government seem to be impressed,
that some very decided steps in securinc, to France thebeog-
fit of railways would be a great nationaradvantage, ]4r. ,Ste.
phenson has founded his report. In consequence of enzineer-
ing instructions by the French government, from which M.
Valee could not depart, he has, it appears, in many cases
acted against his own judgment; but, upon the whole, there
does not appear to be any great objection to the plans as laid
down, and as to the districts through which the lines pass,
no difference of opinion can exist. Some few spots are no-
ticed where expensive works might be avoided, and better
gradients secured. That very important consideration, the
cost of a railway, has been most carefully considered : and
under all the circumstances which have presented themselves
in the different stages of his study of the subject, the author
estimates the gross expense per mile as follows, viz.:—
Earthwork, culverts, bridges, &c -09,000
Land compensation, &c. and stations...... 4,000
Permanent way B,OOO
Carrying establishment.

The idea of having committed the slightest solecism in
politeness, whether real or imaginary, was agony to him ;
for perhaps even guilt itself does not impose upon some
minds so keen a sense of shame and remorse, as a modest,
sensitive. and inexperienced youth feels from the conscious=
ness of having neglected etiquette, or excited ridicule.—
Scott's Waverley.

SCIENCE AND CONSCIENCE. Euler, the savant, was
asked what was better than science ? " Conscience!" he
replied : " the one is a tree of good and evil, which produces
in its turn truth and falsehood, crime and virtue, life and
death : the other is trully the tree of absolute good, and the
fruits which it always bears are noble sentiments, just ideas,
useful actions, principles, and truths."
LORD BROUGHAM'S EPITAPH ON HIMSELF.—It is said,
we do not know how truly, that Lord Brougham and Vaux,
in a playful mood, the other evening, wrote the following
epitaph on himself :'---
" Here, reader, turn your weeping eyes,
My fate an useful moral teaches;
The hole in which my body lies
Would not contain one-half my speeches."
FEARFUL ODDS.—Corvisart, a French physician of some
celebrity during the latter portion of the last century, was
once lamenting, in company, the premature death of Mr.
Backer. "It was not at all events for want of medical aid
that he died," said he ; " for, in the last days of his illness,
we, Halle, Portal, and myself, did not quit him for an
instant."—" Alas !" interrupted the Abbe Sieyes, " What
could he do against three of you r —Mirror.
A CAREFUL WlFE.—There is in the town of Barnsley a
very careful and industrious woman named Wood. She has
been so careful that although she seldom lets a day pass
without using her needles, yet she is using part of the last
pennyworth she bought 20 years ago, one of which she broke
last week. She, has not bought a single halfpennyworth of
coins during the last forty years, nor has she had any given to
her. A few days ago she gave her husband a severe repri-
mand for losing a packing needle which she said she had
bought " nobbut four years sin'."
HARVEY'S SAUCE.—Captain Combers may be said to be
the original propagator of the celebrated " Harvey's Sauce.''.
When on his road to Leicestershire on one occasion, he
stopped, as was his custom, at Bedford, to dine at the prin-
cipal inn, then kept by Harvey, and had ordered a rump-
steak.. Mine host was in attenaance, when Combers requested
him to desire his servant to bring from his buggy a quart
bottle which contained an admirable sauce. Having mixed
some of the condiment with the gravy of the steak, he asked
Harvey to taste it, which he did, and immediately pronounced
it a most excellent sauce for steak, cold, chop meat, or fish.
" Well, Mr. Harvey," said my friend, " 1 shall leave the
bottle with you to use till my return ; only be careful to re-
serve enough for me." Harvey had a wedding dinner next
day, and introduced the sauce, which gave so much satisfac-
tion that several smaller parties were made up, and the bottle,
as a matter of course, was soon exhausted. On his return
the captain " called for his steak, and called for his sauce."
and on Horvey apologising, he said, " Never mind ;_ I can
make some more from my mother's receipt ; and, by-the bye,
I will give you a copy of it. And he did so. Harvey then
made it in large quantities, sent it to the principal oil-shops
in London, and advertised it as " Harvey's Sauce ;" and by
its extensive sale realised a large income. He subsequently
sold the receipt for an annuity of x 64000 or £5OO a-year, and
which he received regularly for the remainder of his life.
The veteran captain gave me a copy of the receipt for my
own use, on honour not to divulge it, lest it should invalidate
or injure Harvey.
THE CINQUE PORTS.—The following brief description of
Walmer, with a glance at the Castle, may, just now, be of
interest ;—St. Mary Walmer, which contains about 2000 in-
habitants, is two miles from Deal, on the Dover road, and
situate between those two towns. It contains several very
neatly built marine residences, and may be considered as the
West-end, or the Bond-street, of Deal, the houses being con-
tinued throughout the whole distance, upwards of two miles.
and are chiefly occupied during the summer season by visitors.
The ancient fortress of Walmer Castle, for which the vicinity
is chiefly celebrated, was erected in the reign of Henry VIII
-to, defend this--portion of the British coast. The Castle of
Deal and Sandown (Deal being the centre fortress, and about
a mile distant from the two others) were erected at the same
period. Deal Castle is the official residence of the Earl of
Mornington, who holds the appointment of captain of the
fortress. The Castle of Sandown is now in its pristine state,
and not inhabited, except by a portion of the coast-guard and
some artillerymen, a magazine of gunpowder being always
kept within the Castle for use when required. Walmer
- Castle is the official residence of the Duke of Wellington, as
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. His Grace generally oc-
cupies this beautiful marine residence from two to three
months in every year, visiting the Kentish coast. upon the
prorogation of parliament, usually in August, and remaining
till the middle of :November. In the summer of 1829, Wil-
liam the Fourth, a short time before he ascended the throne.
accompanied by his illustrious consort (the present Queen
Dowager) resided for some time at the castle. A spot be-
tween Walmer and Deal is celebrated as the landing place of
Anne of Cleves, just previously to her union with Henry VIII.
The present Queen Dowager landed at Deal' a little more to
the northward, just before her Majesty's marriage with the
late Sovereign, William IV. This immediate locality has
also been considered as the place where Caesar first landed
upon the invasion of Britain.—London papers.
MILLERISM.—The creed of the Millerism fanaticism is
given briefly and clearly in the following :—" They teach us
their undoubting belief, from a minute examination of the
prophetical writings, that there is soon to be seen on this
earth a personal advent or appearance of Jesus Christ, in the
same proper person and form in which he appeared 1800
years since— in like manner as he ascended in the clouds of
heaven after his resurrection, and that every eye shall see
and witness his descent. That immediately upon his appear-
ing there is to be a general resurrection from the dead of all
the righteous, or saints, who have died and been laid in their
graves in past ages, and who now, together with the saints
who may then be living, are to be assembled together under
the conduct of Christ, in some place of safety, and there kept
for a season, until the coming ' storm of indignation' upon
the world and the rest of its inhabitants shall have passed
over. That this world is then to be destroyed, or rather pu-
rified by fire, and ' melted with fervent heat.' The wicked
and unconverted who shall then be found in it shall also be
assembled, and together with Satan, or the devil, be confined
and shut up in the bottomless pit for the space of a thousand
years, when they are to be brought up or out of the pit, and
utterly destroyed or annihilated, having no further existence
whatever—' which is the second death.' That then the saints
are to be brought from their chambers of safety where they
had retired, and together with Christ made everlasting in-
heritors and possessors of this earth, which shall then be re-
fined and purified by fire of all its dross and evil properties ;
and that in this way and this manner ' the end of all things
is to be brought about and accomplished.' The beginning
of this scene, by the descent and personal appearance of
Christ, it is distinctly and confidently stated, to take place
in the ensuing year, 1843, and probably in some of the early
days of April, being that day at any rate on which he was
crucified."—New York paper.
SUPREMACY OF THE POPE.—" If the Pope be the bead,of
the Catholic Church, then the Catholic Church is the Pope's
body, which would be but a harsh expression to Christian
ears ; then the Catholic Church should have no head when
there is no Pope; two or three heads when there are two or
three Popes; an unsound head when there is an heretical
Pope : a broken head when the Pope is censured or deposed ;
and no head when the see is vacant."—(Brainhall.) This
is a summary of the general declarations of the divines of
England on the prime and leading article of all popery—the
Pope's supremacy ; and, unless this point be strongly guarded,
there can be no solid security against the seductions of Rome,
especially when the too common mode of warring by vague
abuse is wisely abandoned, and minds are led to think of it as
still a true Church, however corrupted—as retaining much
that is venerable—as the Church, to which in former times
we were indebted, in some degree, for our second conversion
—and as professing, though only professing, those Catholic
principles, which have been so sadly neglected by sects cal-
ing themselves Protestant. Where this line of thought has
been encouraged—particularly if, at the same time, any slur,
or disparagement, or doubt, has been thrown upon the
Church of England—it will be in vain to warn ardent and
unthinking minds against Rome by suggesting its doctrinal
errors, for the error must always be tested by an appeal to
authority ; and, as no private judgment, nor even a sister
Church, can pronounce authoritatively against another sister
—as no General Council has condemned, nor under the sys-
tem of Popery could be summoned to condemn it—as Rome
has carefully guarded her authoritative statements, so as to
secure herself some plausible defence against her attacks on
her formal system, while she reaps the full benefit of the
errors which she privately encourages in her popular teach-
ing—as truth is intimately mixed with error in all she profes-
ses—and as both Scripture and the language of the Fathers,
forged and interpolated as they have been with this object,
may be artfully wrested to confound the distinction— a mind,
therefore, imbued with true Catholic principles, little versed
in the controversy
charged against , and knowing nothing of Popery, may be
easily led to pause, and suspect that the erroneous principles
orY, laarsetl
that the
gancies of sect
with antiquity, h
Rome may not really be professed by ber, or
y.aeriexaggeratedaen
that
they
y enemies,ar
are
truths, andvimh
iocdhi
tfiheed prac-
tice;eixntrava:
a, and our own imperfect
Andnow
fromaitwyitiha
tthhee
yearning
churches, the first question which will be asked, previous to
the bos'rn.
any examination of doctrine, will be that which the Romish
controversialists so ostentatiously
of schism. If we are in schism,
to put ourselves within
called, and to think afterwards odfeforward—the question
then the first step must be
pouftthe true church, as it is
penso reformingnt
hhiesr .0 o
eAcni
ode
swthi
oen-
this it is to be tried. If con-
have doubts and mis-
othfetrh
eor
papalnot vvseuparreem in
supremacy,
schism,an d
by
they
arising—and teach others to
mis-
givings, ri ov
ivnegr
as i, a
fromli sts are
whatever w eak
ahere—ifoarc e
entertain them likewise—every advance which they make and
encourage in Catholic principles must lead them nearer to
Rome ; and every effort to hold their followers back when
they reach the final barrier must be powerless. They are
teaching them to steer on a lee shore, and place no beacon
on the rock to warn of danger.—Blackwood'a Magazine.--
[We insert this paragraph for the purpose of shewing that
many of our leading periodicals do not hesitate to artfully in-
sinuate much that is erroneous, whilst apparently they are
contending against the errors of Rome.]

Total cost, per mile £23,000
And the total cost of the undertaking, £6,109,306. Of this
sum the Government undertake to pay, for excavations,
bridges, &e. £1,970,750, the land and stations to be de-
frayed solely at the cost of the estate, leaving the cost of the
railway to those who invest their money, £3,076,068. The
traffic part of the undertaking is of gigantic extent, and Mr.
Stephenson has handled it with his usual ability; and the
numerous tables which the work contains, show a careful re-
search into all the necessary details. He estimates a total
annual income

From passenger traffic
Goods, fish, and cattle

8,493,210 francs.
12,636,740......

Total 21,126,959
Or £845,078 per annum ; and deducting 50 per cent. for
working expenses, leaving a profit of 14 per cent. on the re-
quired capital for the thirty-five years, the term the Govern-
ment propose for the shareholders to take the whole of the
profits. To establish a fund for the repayment of the invest-
ment, Mr. Stephenson proposes 2 per cent. to be deducted,
leaving a net dividend for the subscribers during the term
proposed of at least 12 per cent. Mr. Stephenson concludes
by expressing his thorough conviction of the profitable in-
fluence which the construction of these lines must infallibly
have upon the interests of the South Eastern Railway, and
must daily augment the international communication be-
tween London and Paris.

RAILWAYS versus CANALS.—As an instance of the ex-
traordinary effects which railways have had in causing a
depreciation of canal property, particularly in the Yorkshire
and Lancashire canals, a correspondent mentions, that about
two years ago the shares in the Rochdale Canal were worth
about £l5O each, but that since the opening of the Man-
chester and Leeds Railway, owing to the necessary reduction
of the tolls arising from the competition, the dividends have
been so much reduced that the shares now fetch barely £4O
each. Some two or three years ago, the shares of the Calder
and Hebble Canal navigation sold at the rate of five hundred
guineas each, but from the same causes they are freely offered
at £lBO, being in each case a reduction of about 70 per cent.

COMMUNICATION BETWEEN DUBLIN AND LONDON.—
A public meeting of the citizens of Dublin, and those inte-
rested in promoting the important measure of rapid commu-
nication between Dublin and London, was held- on
Wednesday, in the Commercial Buildings, for the purkie of
taking into consideration the best means of carrying into
effect the report of the select committee of the House of
Commons on post-office communication between England
and 'lreland, and the communication of the Lords of the
Treasury appended thereto, or of adopting such other mea-
sures as might appear most advisable for facilitating and
expediting the intercourse between the two countries. Reso-
lutions were passed appointing a committee to.wait upon the
lord lieutenant, to request that government would obtain in-
formation in order to come to a satisfactory decision bbtfureen
the ports of Holyhead and Portdynallean.

STATE OF TRADE IN THE UNITED STATES. —The
prospects of business are gradually improving throughout the
United States. Specie payments have been resumed through
all the States except Alabama, Illinois, and Tennessee, and
even in these a change for the better is apparent. Specie is
tending rapidly towards New Orleans, where exchange is
now ten per cent. against England and France, and tax pel•'
cent. against the Northern States. The effect of this is to
concentrate upon New Orleans, the great outlet of the West,
the specie which, during the last three months, has been
accumulating at Boston and New York, and to attract a large
amount which now lies useless in the vaults of the Banks .of
England and France. At New Orleans it will be applied to
the purchase of the immense masses of cotton, tobacco,
sugar, flour, wheat, pork, lard, Indian corn, and other pro-
duce rapidly tending to that great mart. After equalizing
the exchanges, it will move up the Mississippi, Ohio, and
Missouri, and form the basis of a healthful future•business,:
resting on low prices and a specie basis. For this we are,
indebted, in a great part, to the new tariff. Under, the
beneficial influence of this great measure, the drain of specie
for Europe, to pay for the excess of foreign imports, has been
stopped. Factories long idle have been set in motion, and
nearly 200,000 operatives have resumed their avocations.
The market for our surplus productions denied us abroad is
thus opened at home, for these operatives with their families
must buy of the farmer, and this year it is expected Massa
chusetts alone will consume 800,000 barrels of flour raised
in other States, and vast quantities of corn, pork, butter,
cheese, and grain. Under the influence of the tariff, and the
great harvests of the present year, almost unparalleled from
Maine to Georgia, freights are improving, and are now higher
at the great shipping ports of the South than they have been
for a year past.—Bosion Bulletin.
MANCHESTER AND SHEFFIELD RAILWAY COMPANY.—
A. special meeting of the shareholders of this company wds
held on Wednesday morning last, at the Cutler's Hall, Shef-
field ; Michael Ellison, Esq., in the chair.—The chairman
opened the business of the meeting by requesting the assem-
bled shareholders to observe, that they were called together
for the special purpose of negociating a loan of some money
with the exchequer-bill commissioners, on the security of the
Manchester and Sheffield Railway. The directors have
given orders that a sum of money (.L50,000) should be borrow-
ed ; and the exchequer-bill commissioners had considered it
expedient, that there should be a special power given for that
purpose. To give that power the shareholders had been
called together; and it must be distinctly understood, for no
other purpoes. That was the object for which they were met
that was the only point on which there could be any discus-
sion ; and to that point only the business of the meeting must
be strictly confined. Perhaps the best way would be to read
the resolutions which had been adopted by the directors.—
The solicitor to the Company, Mr. Stephenson of Manches-
ter, then read the resolutions ; the substance of which was,
that the directors deemed it necessary to borrow £50,000 at
the present time ; that an additional £50,000 should be bor-
rowed hereafter ; and that they be further empowered to bor-
row any sum, not exceeding £lOO,OOO, as the directors for
the time being think advisable for the interests of the compa-
ny.—Mr. Thomas Blake moved, that the foregoing resolution
be adopted.—Mr. Hoyland seconded the motion.—Mr. H.
W. Parker, of London, solicitor, wished to know at what rate
of interest the money was to be borrowed.—The Chairman
replied, it was five per cent.—Mr. H. Parker said, he wished
to move an amendment ; the object of which was to introduce
words into the resolution, restraining the directors from
applying the money in any other way than laying it out upon
the works.—The Chairman said he thought such a question
could not be entertained ; in fact, it would be virtually res-
cinding a resolution that had been passed at the general
board of directors. The payment of interest was not the
purpose for which the money proposed to be borrowed would
be applied ; and he was of opinion, that that meeting could
not pass a resolution which would interfere with one already
passed.—Mr. H. Parker said, that the directors were already
paying the Interest of money out of their capital.—The Chair-
man said, that the company were fully authorized to pay
interest out of the money coming into their hands.—Mr.
Stephenson read the resolution, passed June 29th, authori-
zing an interest of five per cent to be paid to those share-
holders who were not in arrears on account of money coming
for their shares to the Ist of July next.—The chairman said
he really thought, that the meeting would support him in
stopping this discussion, as it was not within the limits of
the object for which the meeting had been convened: that
was his decided opinion.—After some further discussion, the
chairman put the resolution, which was carried; Mr. H,
H. Parker being the only dissentient.—A vote of thanks to
the chairman, for his able and impartial conduct in the chair
that morning, was then carried unanimously, and the meeting
,seperated.
EXTRAORDINARY INVESTIGATION AT HARROW.—On
Monday an investigation, which had been commenced on the
previous Monday, was proceeded with at the private residence
of Benjamin Rotch, Esq., a magistrate of Middlesex, the
Lowlands, Harrow-on-the-Hill, into a charge preferred
against an individual of the name of Patrick Leith Strachan,
occupying chambers at No. 56, Quadrant, Regent-street, and
said to be highly connected, of having committed an indecent
assault upon one of the pupils belonging to Harrow School.
It appears that some few days since the accused, who is
stated to have lately returned from America, went to Harrow
to visit a youth at the public school, to whom he had con-
trived to obtain an introduction from his father, who returned
to England in the same vessel with him. On seeing the youth
he professed to be much attached to him, and invited him to
spend a day or two at his residence in town, at the same time
telling him that he would invite a youth to meet him from the
Military College, Sandhurst. On the following morning, the
youth applied to one of the under-masters for permission to
do so. From some circumstances which transpired in the
course of the interview, the youth was strictly questioned,
when he made some disclosures as to the conduct of the ac-
cused towards him which induced the authorites of the school
to lay the facts before Mr. Rotch, who issued a warrant for
the apprehension of the prisoner, and he was taken into
custody on Sunday, the 6th instant. On the Monday fol-
lowing he underwent an examination before Mr. Rotch,
when he was remanded to New Prison, Clerkenwell. At an
early hour on Monday morning the prisoner underwent a
final examination at Mr. Rotch's residence, which was strictly
private, and the result was his committal to take his trial at
the next session of the Central Criminal Court, but he was
released on entering into sureties to a large amount for his
appearance to take his trial. We understand that the worthy
magistrate, aasisted by the authorities of the school, are
still engaged in prosecuting inquiries as to the extent of the
accused's misconduct at other establishments. It has been
ascertained that he had for a considerable time been en-
deavouring to obtain some boys from Sandhurst College, and
with respect to one had actually succeeded in gett ng him to
his chambers, under pretence of visiting London, previous
to going home for the vacation. The holidays halving com-
menced at Sandhurst on Saturday fortnight, the boy in
question proceeded thence to the prisoner's, but, of course,
did not remain long with him, as be was taken into custody
the following morning. Neither time nor trouble appeared
to be of any consequence to him, as in one instarce he con-
trived to introduce himself into a respectable family, and for
a period of five months was incessant in his endeavours to
induce the gentleman to send his son to a public school, and,
having succeeded, had made arrangements for the youth to
remain with him a few days in London, previous to going
home for the Christmas vacation. In another family, of equal
respectability, he had pursued the same course for a period of
eighteen months, and had similar arrangements for the boy
to visit him. The magistrate further stated that at present
he believed the extent of the prisoner's proceedings had not
been ascertained, but it was to be hoped that what had al-
ready occurred would operate as a sufficient warning to
parents not to allow their children to make such visits for
the future.