The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-11-28 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER.

we have permitted Aust

ilantly by them as eN

Irtion of l tiny," e

able by t'

Under pretext of ne

Y the Mu;

ould have found ampl(
iat which attacked our entrenchments at Inkermann

larger force than I

Lich fatal vigour

By this

one-sided neutralit

own also in the difficulties thrown in the way of the
ain body of the Turkish army passing by way of the
incipalities towards the Crimea, Russia has been enabled

tentrate 100,000 me

upon Sebastopol, which she 1

.orks tl-

speaking

Scottish authoress

thor at the time

would have been compelled to dispose of elsewhere. The
neutrality of Austria has thus been as serviceable to the
Czalt as if she had placed an army at his disposal. If the
Muscovite has thus been enabled to extract such service
from this pretended neutrality, what benefit have the allies
derived from it as a counterpoise ? The barren, if not
g their superiority to the Russian
des, has as yet been all the benefit the allies have de-
rived from the negative, not passive friendship of our
strian ally ; on whose head and against whose nefarious
to charge at least one-half of the
slaughter of our armies in the Crimea. Yet our Ministers
prate about carrying on the war with spirit ; they hardly
venture, however, to say also with prudence and judgment.
Another matter seriously suggested by the two victories
we have recently gained, presents itself in the character
our brave countrymen,
(1 in working out the reduction of Sebastopol. The
Russians who fought at Inkermann are, to all intents and
purposes, a different class of antagonists from those who
scarcely waited to be conquered on the heights of the
Alma. Our Inkermann antagonists were obviously vete-
ranspossessed of discipline and the persevering courage con-
ferred by discipline and military habits. Savage no doubt
they proved themselves, particularly against the defence-
less wounded—exhibiting more of the assassin's malignity
than of the soldier's spirit. Still to such merit as such
barbarians may claim they are entitled ; and, if they dis-
played more of the vindictiveness than the magnanimity
of savage foes, they also evinced a kindred cunning to that
which enables the savage to steal unobserved upon his
enemy. It was no trivial exhibition of this quality, how-
ever favoured by the gloom of night, and the pall of a
dense fog, by which between 50,000 and 60,000 Russians
were enabled to scale the heights of Inkermann, carrying
with them their muskets and artillery, and pounce
upon our unsuspecting lines, till our soldiers were
awakened by their deadly fire. There is no question as to
the completeness of the surprise ; and it is said that,
against any other troops in the world, the effect of the
surprise would have been as fatal as it was startling.
This proves that our newly-found antagonists are of dif-
ferent metal from those we had previously encountered
and proves also that they are dangerous as well as subtle
Evils are seldom unmixed, and the struggle under con-
sideration proves no exception to that rule ; if it has been
sharp and dangerous, it has been useful too. Every indi-
cation tends to prove that the fearful essay of the fifth
was the issue of a duly-considered plan, intended for the
entire destruction of the allied force. The troops selected
for the work were evidently experienced and determined ;
they were officered by the best commanders in the Russian

privilege of provin

Inheritance

of them novels in three volumes

Lblic shov

witted as a hig

it is not too muc

the enemy, now let loose against

service, and they fought under the immediate eye of the
Emperor's sons. The gathered tide of Muscovite valour
was directed in full force against our devoted handful.
The surge swelled high, and fatally dashed against our
bulwarks, recoiled, and yet again gathering strength,
again swept onward in its course ; repulsed once more, it
broke in foaming and dangerous eddies, but was ulti-
mately hurled back in wild confusion, shattered and
powerless, ass the billows of the ocean are repelled by the
cliffs of our rock-bound isle. The protracted and repeated
fury of the attack proves the desperation of the Russian
leaders ; and these being foiled affords plausibility to the
conjecture that for the present, having done his worst, our
decimated battalions will be permitted such rest as the
arduous nature of the siege operations will permit. This
conjecture is further countenanced by the withdrawal of
the Royal Princes from the immediate scene of conten-

gad " Des-

not be taxed to support that agai

Of these I scientions objection. This he meets

Le of his prefaces, designates her as

he was himself

tion; but, in the meantime, everything and every circum-
stance calls loudly for prompt and large succours to our

army in the Crimea. With them, to stand still is really
to retrograde ; and to be left alone in earning renown is

he author of a N

anonymous an-

lively word

3arveA of Scottish

erb informs us that we must go from home for

arselves

olved in t

Our consc

le disposal of tax,

Probably some of your readers will

tender to C

to ensure destruction

Dramatists and novel-writers wind up their composi
tions by the introduction Of some unlooked-for event or
circumstance by which the malign influences of the piece
are so made to work as to ensure, by a course of action
contrary to that which is generally anticipated, the punish-
ment of the villain. This, by courtesy, is called " poetical,"
in opposition to ordinary justice. It sometimes happens,
however, that the course of real events work wonderfully,
in a similarly unexpected manner, to confound the machina-
tions and abase the pride of unprincipled men. A case

comes very aptly in point. We all remember how, a
year or two ago, the members of the present Government
opposed and traduced the DERBY Administration upon the
subject of the Militia Bill, and how their friends and
myrmidons preached crusades against the militia, and
endeavoured to prevent the bill from passing, and then
endeavoured to dissuade men from complying with its
behests. The exigencies of the war compel them to rely
on the militia force as their sheet-anchor, not merely for
replacing troops sent abroad, but to depend on it as a source
of supply for the regular army. The bellicose pacific
PREMIER and his colleagues in office are forced to depend
on Mr. WALPOLE'S Militia Act as their chief hope for
supporting the national honour in the present war. This
is hardly all the " humble pie" they are constrained to eat.
It is said that the gentleman who mismanages the Exche-
quer has reached his ultimatum in making the year's
revenue pay for the year's expenditure in connexion with
the war ; and rumours are gaining much currency among
the sharp-witted to the effect that his finance, like that of
other ministers so circumstanced, will speedily find refuge,
like other destitute administrators, in a loan. Sic transit
gloria ministrorum.

Among the " mighty fallen," who now so conspicuous as
the HOME SECRETARY'S " Rev. Friend" the broad-brimmed
Member for Manchester? The peripatetic quaker for a
considerable time past has made himself remarkable, if not

odious, by opposing the present war, and displaying his
pro-Russian tactics and tendencies. This exhibition has
of late become so pointed and unpopular, that the Man-
chester constituency are concocting means to make him
resign his seat; and, worse than all, so completely has he
been deserted by his special friends, the mob, that it has
become safe to treat him with contempt and contumely,
and on Tuesday night an effigy was publicly burned in
Manchester, inscribed" BRIGHT, the friend of NicitoLes."
The Ostend conference of American ministers held
lately, at which M. SoutE, Messrs. Bums/cur, MASON,
and others of similar kidney and tribe, assisted, has, it
seems, resulted in an exposition of political morality of
which recent American annals afford too many instances.
The cogitating ministers of the " stripes and stars" have
concluded that the time has arrived when Spain should
no longer be allowed " the opportunity of farther shuf-
fling" ; and further that the time also has arrived at which
it has become a necessity of the United States " to pur-
chase or take" Cuba at once ; and it seems the home
squadron will be sent to Havana, Matanzas, and other
ports of Cuba, which proceeding, it is said, will " lend a
moral influence" in favour of the annexing arguments.
Judging by this little bit of diplomatic necromaney, the
Russian bear is not the only one inclined to grease its paw
in its neighbour's dish. It is quite possible that the
western " Bruin" may find the Spanish broth as hot to
handle as the property of the " sick man" has proved to
Russia.

The hand of death has been busy in high places. By
the recent death of Lord DUDLEY STUART, a vacancy
has occurred in the representation of Marylebone. To
fill the vacant seat various candidates on the Radical, or,
as they delight to call themselves, liberal interest are
talked of. Sir JAMES HAMILTON will, it is expected, be
again brought forward on the Conservative interest. Sir
JosErn PAXTON is endeavouring to succeed his late friend
(Mr. GEAcrt) as one of the members for Coventry. The
horticultural knight has addressed the constituency, and
those who worship the rising sun in that direction prophesy
the certainty of his return. In the death of Professor
EDWARD FORBES science has lost a zealous votary, and
the University of Edinburgh has been deprived of one
who, by his assiduity, as well as by his natural and
acquired gifts, promised to be an ornament to that dis-
tinguished seat of learning. He was appointed to the
chair of Natural History in that University so lately as
April last, and took an eminent part in several of the
discussions at the meeting of the British Association in
your good town, in September last. He was a native of
the Isle of Man, but was chiefly educated in Edinburgh,
of the University of which he was an alumnus. The
death of Miss SUSAN ED3IOI4BTOIRE PERS= has just

,stonishment, from

that Mr. NOBLE'S statue of Sir

knowing that the statue has been placed

son should

has a con- I

TRANSPORT AND MAIL SERVICES

...ying, that should THE war, bra
been productive of numerous soci.. _
_..Cu its estimation, by bestowing on such an argument be admitted, Quakers should not be
mises to ffect others of very general impoi
em a large and liberal amount of patronage. By many taxed to maintain war; Democrats to maintain royalty; those which threaten considerable pub.':
h testimony of this lady's ex- nor should we, as Churchmen, bP ' —,aintain the the interruption of our T.,—
' that Sir WALTER SCOTT, Romanist College at Mayno‘'"

though its period of existence, has

Among

asly. well-organised ocean

lence,of t

The free-trade principle in religion will not do.
It may answer very well in matters pertaining to
bodily wants or pleasures—as food, raiment, indulgences
—these may very safely be left to the operation of demand
and supply, and it were exceedingly unwise to interfere
with the wholesome reciprocal action which ' obtains
between these two elements, but in matters of religion,
the merest tyro in divinity, the most superficial observer
must be aware that the supply must' precede the
demand—man by nature has no desire for religious
ordinances, although he has the urgent necessity. The
less he knows of God and his duty towards him, the
less he desires to know. The farther he is from God the
farther he would be from him ; and, therefore, if left to
himself the case is hopeless, he never would move one
step towards effecting his own improvement; so that if he
ever be reclaimed to virtue and morality, it must be as
the_result of a movement towards him from without—a
movement of which he is the object, not the subject.
Christianity, could never be propagated in this way, for
no man seeks Christianity until Christianity first seeks
him ; and as a matter of fact Christianity never has been
propagated thus. Our fathers did not first send for
Christian missionaries to turn them from their Saxon
idols ; nor do the heathen at the present day first send
for missionaries to Christian England.
The free-trade principle will suit very well where peo-
ple are both willing and able to pay for it, and on this
footing the vast majority of the churches of Liverpool
are, whether right or wrong, based ; but again I say this
principle will not answer in places where the mass of the
people are either unable or unwilling to pay, and this is
the case in the crowded neighbourhoods of our large
towns. What is to be done with such people ? Shall
those who most require the moralizing influences of
religion be left destitute ?—and has that Government
rightly discharged its solemn obligations to those outcasts
which contents itself merely with building gaols to
imprison them, but refuses to build a church to spread
around the healing influences of religion ?

Mr. TAYLOR then draws attention to what has been
done by the Church and by dissent for the religious in-
struction of the poor, and shows that while the former
has been extending her means of usefulness, the latter has
been retrograding and shutting herself up in exclusive-
ness. lie points out the fact that in Liverpool, out of
60,000 sittings, there are 22,000 free ; while dissenters,
out of 46,000 sittings, have only 12,000 free ; and he ad-
duces several instances where meeting-houses, in crowded
districts, have been closed, and new ones erected in more
wealthy localities.
To a fifth objection, that there should be no compulsion
in religion, he observes :
We would not force any man to become religious, nor
would we propagate Christianity with fire or sword, pains
or penalties ; but we would employ the public funds,
raised by general taxation, to extend religion and virtue
by moral means ; and we think the Government would
be at the least as much justified in doing so, e.g., in
printing Bibles for the prevention of crime, as in print-
ing Blue Books to record its onward progress. We
can see no ground for the objection of "compulsory
religion," in a State simply endeavouring, by reason and
-argument-, persuasiOn and encouragement, to dry up the
sources of crime and poverty, and spreading abroad the
healing and elevating influences of virtue.
He complains, with much force and truth, on the great
defects which exist in many churches, particularly those
on the proprietary system in Liverpool, in the provision
for the poor, and the neglect of the important principle,
that, in public worship, all persons are equal. In con-
cluding his work he proceeds to point out the remedy,
which should consist in a thorough Christian legislation,
and, by carrying out the state-Church principle to its
fullest extent, to bring the entire population, particularly
of our large towns, under an effectual pastoral superinten-
dence. On this point he says :
To this end, let a sufficient number of free churches be
built by grants of Parliament, the ministers moderately
endowed, and paid out of the Consolidated Fund, like Sir
R. Peel's district churches ; let a proper district be
assigned to each, and let it be charged on that clergyman
that he seek to fill his church out of that district, and
not out of the town at large.
At present, the clergyman's time is taken up with the
charge of a general congregation, drawn from all parts
of the town by his superior; talents it may be, or by the
peculiarity of his views, or by the mere wham of his
hearers; and if he visit them not, his hearers will not
continue to attend his church; they expect, and it
may be supposed not unnaturally, that their preacher
should be also their pastor.
We have now only once more to recommend that every
one will read the work for himself, and to express a hope
that some steps may be taken to realise the views which
Mr. TAYLOR has so ably set forth.

ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIG-.12A-Ci

Aat mail system will be severely felt. The emergencies of our
It we are corn-
own troops, and those of our allies in the Crimea, have
caused Government to avail theinselves of all the aid to
sings which are be attained by employing the mail steamers, as troop and
anx. " Havinff store ships, wherever that could be done, without in the

I..,LUbLIT 53 LO %JOU Lue taw%J ri 111,11 ...1,.. ,A,',..-'• -4,,
most serious manner impeding the public servic
commented on the erroneous opinions respecting con-
week we alluded to the fact that, in copse,_-
science, he proceeds to combat the fourth objection of the of the Cunard steamers being engaged by Govermi.
Voluntaries, that every man should support his own reli- there will be no mail despatched by that line to Ne\
gion. On this he remarks : York from Liverpool before the 9th of December. A
_ .. „ , notice from the General Post-office, since published,

-
By all means let those who have experienced the confirms what we then stated. In addition to
benefits of the Gospel seek to contribute to its support— interruption, the Royal Mail Company have been de-
but what is to become of the men of no religion ? Men prived of steamers to perform the service between South-
who have, indeed, perhaps, been baptized, but who, with ampton and the Brazils ; and the mails must consequently
that exception, are as far from Christianity, or the know- be transmitted from this port by the South American
ledge of its elementary truths, as the heathen who never Company's steamer Pamper°, which sails on Friday next.
heard of the Saviour's name. Who will pay to have After the 2nd of next month, no mails will be despatched
religion brought to them, or are they, who most require for the West Indies at present. The General Screw Com-
it, to be left destitute of the saving influences of the pany having no vessel to take out the Australian mail of
Gospel • and what is to be the fate of those who might, the 4th proximo, it will be conveyed from this port by the
indeed;be willing to receive it, if brought to them without Black Ball clipper James Baines, on the 9th of December.
charge, but who find the battle of life too severe, sunk as The Peninsular and Oriental Company are at present per-
they are in the depths of poverty, to enable them to pay forming their contract with smaller steamers; but it is
for it ? anticipated that even these will shortly have to be pressed
In reference to this part of the subject, he offers the into the transport service. Southampton is quite de-
following observations, which are specially deserting of serted, with the exception of one or two vessels under-
attention. He says : going repairs, previously taken up by Government. The
- - folio- '-••.• list of magnificent steamers belonging to the

hollowing _
Southampton mail companies are at present employed as
transports :-Royal Mail Company :-Oronoco (paddle),
2,900 tons, 800-horse power ; Avon (p), 2,069 t., 450 h.p. ;
Thames (p), 1,900 t., 450 h.p. ; Medway (p), 1,895 t., 430
h.p. ; Trent (p), 1,856 t., 430 h.p. ; Tamar (p), 1,800 t.,
450 h.p. Peninsular and Oriental Company ;-Hima-
laya (screw), now the property of the Government, but
officered and manned by the Peninsular and Oriental Com-
pany, 3,500 t., 700 h. p ' • Simla (s), 2,600 t., 600 h.p. ;
Candia (s), 2,200 t., 450 h.p. ; Nubia (s), 2,200 t., 450
h.p. ; Colombo (s), 1,800 t., 450 h.p. ; Indus (p), 1,700 t.,
450 h.p. ; Ripon (p), 1,600 t., 450 h.p. ; Manilla (s), 6043
t., 60 h.p. ; Rajah (s), 600 t., 60 h.p. General Screw
ompany:-Prince, purchased by Government, but offi-
cered and manned by the General Screw CoMpany, 2,750
t., 300 h.p. ; Indiana, 2,364 t., 300 h.p. ; Golden Fleece,
2,500 t., 300 h.p. ; Jason, 2,600 t., 400 h.p. ; Hydaspes
_l,BOO t., 300 h.p. ; Harbinger, 1,0044 t., 150 h.p.; Propontis
530 t., 100 h.p. This list shows that Southampton has con-
tributed 22 steamers, of 32,266 tons and 8,530 horse power.
_Liverpool also has borne her fair share in furnishing the
Government with steam-ships, screw and paddle, for ser-
vice as transport or store vessels, as will be seen by the
following list of ships, tonnage, and power :-Cunard
Company : Arabia (p), 2,700 tons, 800-horse power ;
Europa (p), 1,850 t., 650 h.p. ; Niagara (p), 1,850 t., 650
h.p. ; Cambria (p), 1,200 t., 410 h.p.; Jura (s), 2,200 t.,
400 h.p. ; Emu (s), 1,600 t., 350 h.p. ; Alps (s), 1,400 t.,
300 h.p. ; Andes (s), 1,400 t., 300 h.p. Canadian Com-
pany : Cleopatra, 1,400 t., 300 h.p. ; Ottawa, 1,200 t., 200
h.p.; Charity, 1,200 t., 200 h.p.-all screws. Liverpool
and Philadelphia Company : Kangaroo (s), 1,900 t.,
350 h.p. South American Company : Imperatriz (s),
1,800 t., 200 h.p. Cork and Liverpool Company : Alba-
tross (s), 750 t., 200 h.p., and Cormorant (s), 850 t., 200
h.p. ; making a total of 15 vessels, of 22,950 tons and
5,540-horse power. In addition to these are about 20 or
30 sailing transports, of the largest class, belonging to
this port.