The Statesman.
London, England, 1818-12-10 00:00:00

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41`00‘K. JOS CAlti w Hit; iced SECOND LETTER TO TIM
DuTEuy ei.oroan.]
In term, lets, published in the ST ATZSII.IIf of
30.01 fttif4s • m t•er, arid 15th of °flow, under
the sigaiterg of•' TileoTUT 1 ItVEDAN, roy f &Did op-
pears- 'live to been sofficiently on' biS guards
-while—Wenidisilig abstractedly touching Liberty end
Property, end, in ~consequi.nce of lest inattention,
amt to have clearly. preserved in his mind the even-
distinction between them and the princip.es
iu
nature, from whence they are respectively derived.
Hence he ;loneliest% inadvertently mumps rots-
'taken' romisei, which lead df eetarde to defective
• Hid be set dat with one strict de.
mother strict definition of Liberty;
and a third of Property, 'he essentisl difference in
nature of the two latter would have been sufficiently
obvious, to have prevented the obscurity whir h, as
it shoold seem, in seine instances occasioned conclu-
sions, In- which personewho "have accustomed them
rselveslo a severity of ressooing on points of import.
Mince to society, minuet acquiesce.
In the first of the said Letters, T. T. " warns the
• iittlpring manufacturers not to listen to those. what tell
-hem that Universal Suffrage will be to them a trove-
r.,ign remedy for all their wrongs." Here, if 1 err
not, my (flewd iii the outset indulges a love of pre-
jeitlicer, 'which is a'great obstacle to close and sound
sermonise. iNo loner advocate of Universal Suffrage
•rlde sick language. Teri,. arguments are of a Wl-
fettnt kind; those argements have never yet been
~e.lnisted; and as will be seen from T. T.'s own
r-asonings, the, mein no slight confirmation from
' him elf.
Perhaps, by here supplying the three proposed de.
Goitions, 'my friend 'l'. T. and such as may have
-aitopted his mistakes, may be saved a little trouble in
.recovering the path of truth, and partaking of the
path of inestimable benefits.
1. MAN, by the beneficence of the all-wise and
all-powerful Author of all things, was created an in-
tellectual and moral being, endowed, for the ends of
his existence, with reason, rtAction, and free mill;
capable of virtue and vice, rectitude and error, hap-
piness nod misery ; and, in respect of his species or
fellow-men, by nature social, equal, alld free; bet
on the principles of justice, bound to respect the
equality, freedom, awl rights of all other men.
2. LIBERTY is that condition of man, in which
he is self-governed. But, in couseqoence of his be-
, log by nature social, man's liberty. is not a mere
personal condition,, applying to any one only as an
individual human being ; for it likewise applies to
him as a member of society, or political 'commu.
city. Thus human Liberty is of a two fold quality.
Consequently, Liberty requires not only that in-
dividuals, but that communities also be self-govern-
ed; both of which can only take place, where all
the individeal men of mature age and sure minds,
who have not forfeited their freedom, equally
'share in the making of rules or laws for the regu-
tllefion of public affairs and promoting the common
interest.
Free legislation in very small Sates has osaally
been exercised by the whole body of men personally.
That Mode of legislating being, however, impracti.
'Cable in large Slates that arofree, in these it has been
performed by Representativee, elected by the cow.
munity ; and, alike iargeuess of a State does not in
any wise lessen Man's inherent right to liberty ; so
it is self-eviclent that true freedom requires that the
election of Representatives shall in all iespects ac-
cord with the true principles of liberty, social and

cam.
it Liberty may be accurately distinguished from
piousness it is necessary to remark, that it is no
mwise a right and favour of doing v:hatercr a man
Wei, than under this role of justice and common
good, namely, that he prevents not the ezercise of a
like right and faeour, is eTery other iadieidual of
the cotnotouity.