The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-04-12 00:00:00

'

Tna WAI.COTT uttARITT.
i!oninn was ovule in this cause tir:day, for an in-
iinbetiolvtu re•ttain utw of die tenants ut the charity es-
st'ate trout pruerrdi:ig in an action at law against the
agent of the irsiateer, is ho, at the thin• the prrosires
acre let on lease, guaranteed a legal title to the lessee.
Atter a great deal of discussion by the tsitivisel ()Crtis
sides, it was agreed that all proeeeslings shoats's br rd
at present by the parties, and that all the motions of
ii hid. notice bad been given in this.canse should stand
user till the first day of Michaelnias term.
1 hr I.iien CH3NCELLnit rectinitnentled this course, in
under to avoid litigation, as, helore ti rill,
•,.pleation would be niadetu Parliament for an.Aet declar-
ing is. wle.nu the charity estatt.s were lev:ally vested; and,
when that point was so tletl, tha tenants who bail *alien
banding or repairing 'rases would be seemed ae'ainst
le:ly 10'04 by getting legal enntratts eitecuted. Ilislurd-
st.ip directed that suds of the tenants as were in that
situation shooloi nut he required in the mean tilor to pay
it.eir rents to the rec ''' '' ''' %blows the Court had lately
HI: tint. or 11111ArrvtitraT .4 ,411 oTIInRI r. Tint I.l:he or
31A1:1.1101“.1.:4.11.
\lr. that by a former or,ler the
Lake of ilarlhorotigh had been directed to pay thy bum
e 1,31,01. into Fond, and that an hail been
• inade to have the time of pavinent enlart:eil. This ap-
plication was supported by tips affidavit of .11r. l'inniger,
who. said, that he hail reason to believe the until- Ile.

ft-TO:int would he able to comply with the order before
the last day of next term. The •Lel'ineti Counsel eon-
'Waved this affidavit as very general in its statements,
and expressed his hope that, unless the Court 'honk,
think that some suffirient reason 11'.11 assigned fur the
th•llv, it would not grant th. rime n.quirtnl.
.11r. %Viral, on the p.trt of the Duke of Marlborough,
contended that the reasons assigned in the affidavit were
sud:eiently specific.
IlaitT said, he appeared fur the trustees: aml all
h.. wished was, that, it any h:ss was sustained by the
!take's Rot paying the maney into Court, his clients
might be indemnified.

The LORD Citaxreit.ou said he slinuld read over the
atiolavit at leisure, and afterwards state his opinion to
tlhe• Court.

COURT 4W COMMON PLEAS. Arm. 11.

RETERNIL, UNO, AND CO. r. Till IMPERIAL !NAL !I INCE

COMPAN V.

This trial excited an newts eeeeee on share of iii•erest, nut
only me account of the large suns sought to lie tecitteret!;
I ul un account of the number Of scientific o•Ndoinion
were brought forward as witnesses, and thi• ivantitr ~f
chemical learning which was dispheyeal in the emirs.. of
:Pe investigation.
It will he recollected, that on the neotteini: the lettle
of November last, a Ste broke nut in the extens:•:•
premises of Messrs. Iheettnel/2 Xing, anti Co., sugar-ha-
:..r•, in CliterelAine, near the I onottercial-
e eat!. That lire des witole of their es ye
and valuable property.which was insured in different
...;11.:es to the amount sifitkellet and has givea 1161' to the
case now before es.
This action was brought to recover the sum of `O/001.,
for which a part of the property had kern insnred at the
epthce of the defendants ; and the payment was resisted
/A, the ground that the plaintiff, hail a new species of ap-
paratus, iu which a quantity of oil had been used, anti (ha:
this oil, when heated to a great degree, had produced
inflammable gas, which was allegol to have been the
cauet ethos coild4ratien. It *as eentensted, that this
etlipartore trash old practice efrellbiog Pagan., Was
a torfeiture of the %Entrance, by reposing the premises
to a danger *beck illbetwise would wit have existed. It
remained then for the plaintiff, to show, that this de-
-1 !nee was untenable. ft large and well-eonatruated nea-
Ord of the apparatus, used in the refining of sugar, as
well as of the part of the building, tidier@ it hail been
h. test up, was produced in Court.
Ike case was opened on the part of the plaintiffs by
ti..: SOLICITOR-61CNIERAI., Who dwelt on all the leading
which were afterwards disclosed in evidence. Ile
sa:d there suss no positive proof as to the precise way in
which the tire originated. The most probable canoe
w as, that it proceeded from f mite of those common
a .:dents which frequently happened; hot he should
prove in the clearest by the testimouy.ut the best
cieemists in the kingdom, vole of whom were well at:-
tiaainted with the premises, that the tire could not have
been occasioned by the linprorell eel teltinery introduced
iato the manufactory ; hut that, on the contrary, the ma-
c;itetery was calculated to prevent fires front taking place.
hen called several persons who had been employed
sea the reniiStris and several neighbours; from whose
evidence there was reason to suppose that the lire had
Loran in a different part of the premises loon that where
new machine was erected. It tv.es stated, that ac-
eardieg to the old mode, the sugar tvasplacerl in boilers,
immediately over the fires, by which the inflammable
gas might easily have been produced, and a danger
etways existed in case ties gas, or the boiling sugar
caught fire ; but by the new he, the sugar was heated
through the medium of boiling oil, and every hazard of
*hi- kind was obviated.

file following scientific gentlemen were then called to
prove this part of the ease:—
Mr !hotel Wilson said be was acquainted with the
new niode of relining sugar by the apparatus of the
p!,dritiffe' which he had assisted in fitting up. All the
ui! vessels were heated by the application of fire in the
ordinary way. The great danger of other machines
was, that the sugar lbeing immediately over the fire was
always in clanger of boiling over and tilting fire, on ac-
count of its great combustibility ; but in the present
race's that linger was avoided. Ile --hed visitettlfir
apparatus almost every day, to see how it went on.—
*1 here might have been souse leakage of oil from the
,bailer; but that Odell leaked into the fire could
not comninnic•ate any flame to the oil in the ves-
sel, for it would burn, and the combustible gas %cook!
Kt, op the chimney. The oil in the boiler, could not
3.,•nd oat any ineani,sable gas until the heat became so
great as to raise the thertoometer up to 600 degrees ;
but the heat of the ell never inc d to that extent.—
Nerital boors of a vets hard lire would be necessary to
produce that effect. If inflammable gas were produced
in the Ordinary mode it would have gone out by lateral
'rats, and could not have set fire to the house. The
u!:intrier was, on the outside, made of brick-work, hut
that there were cast-iron pipes, so that the heat
could not get to the brick-work. l'o render atmospheric
air inflammable there must have been a mixture of gas
in it in the proportion of one to seven. Hat here there
Wee not sufficient gas to produce an explosion. The
a:auger, in feet, would have been greater la the ordinary
apparatus than in this. The vent was more than sal&
sittitchtat to carry of ten doses the quantity of gas that
could bus prosinced in this apparatus. It was repaired
a short time before the fire. Witness superintended the
repair. The oil was taken oat at the time. Witness
sae' the apparatus after dm fire with SOW sarrevors
and engineers; there was au immense massif rubbish
bytnefon du roles.Z; was mot the slightest rent in
1" M* . " retortsea had Ire Owe: Vim
' ev 011
r.e.0—..4. or ex talon it. The
p of the fire was at the enter the, • set Out

TIIE SI 4:V

near the oil vessel. The oil Yr3S cotivoved through
copiter pipes, and it was impassible for trieiii to haves
burst from the pumping of the oil. At the hotfoot of
the retort there was a quautitv of rarlonthie us matter,
oecasioned by the oil, which would not isaV 4,41 tht
el
ease if an iililosient haul taken place. Ile w• tarsi ask-
ed, if he thought, on the whole, that the lire was sera-
:ivied by the apparatus ?
'Mr. Se ent.t:-r r object:a to this question ; it was for
the Jury to judge ou that point. Ile then proceeded to
cross-rxamitte the witness, *ho said he hall taken out a
patent for his machine. 'I her! es er:ierus tootles of
boiling sugar besides that of his pa 'Mr. lloward
had a patent for the purpose., bed Ale. Watt another.
The quantity of Oil generally put into the machine was
UV gal:otis. Being witeel hotc the copper under the re-
tort happened to he burnt if the tire took place at the
lop of the hogse? lie atiewered, that the coals lying un-
der the copper hail continued burning for a it vet; tiller,
in l'ollSe.lll4.lllre of a current of air which proceeded up
the chininev.

Mr. Almatr, an iron manufacturer, near Horslyilown,
said, h, rot.,lrio.led the oil rrss,.l of this apparatus,
ns cloirelv free from not defect. There was
Yo 1112.• 11•41.110, in this vessel, 11111 t no more than WWI Mil-
-1111111 to all ; for wear and te.ir would unglue,
that vireo.
.Ilowq Harrill, a rnear-,,ft:wr, at Liverpool, had
carried on the bto•inesa there fir fourteen tears; lw tW-
scribed lii, vrores..es by which sugar was hoiltml; one
prili'Voi:s 113 s IoV soil, which wait 'll les.< idlau,felouc
than by the old plan, or areettot of the tiniekiwii with
which the sugar could be aepar4ted from the U
the woment any danger wAs apurehentled.is
1,1 I ht. ;. pp tratii.:. %chid' a model was then )R

was, opinion, 'lnfer than any other mode Os itii lie
knew of. %a 'tiaras did introduce into Isis niatmlaetore
the process of Isailiog a ith oil ; after that he went unit
elfeeteal it fresh insurance. Ile hail, however, since laid
1 Lis and returned to the taid method.
Mr. I I,4lj:isms, who haul 1'4%91 a sugar refisicr fur ?II
nr :111 ve ars, said, the obi itio.ie of boiling sugar was at-
trade., w ia, considerable r, unless there WAS a per-
pe.n 11 a ate), upon it. In 'Milt a vessel .is that Isetorr
the I a art. there 'appeared to dallger :it Ai. 11.•
11.tol 11411144 r always Invited Recoiling t,., the old toethiki.
When sogar boozes were hurtt:.i...tu, he he% cr could
t Ise cau4e.
at r. Inksl.iu, an engineer. spnlte to the appearanre of
the .ip;-arataist iu question after the lire. It %sar his girl.
'lion. that sorb an apparatus eras the safest insaale,
ratuie it required less tire, anti berate the tire rimer
came its alirert rontaA with the vessel isi a hit'), the supt
was Isiailed. lw never produced vapour or innaus-
gas, anti; it acquirsal a mock greater tiegrre of
h..it the sugar required. If there had Leo, in-
Naumdsle gas in this apparatus, it woulsl have !one off
by a leaden pipe, w hie+ 'the heat would not-he aollieient
to melt. Ile saw lid danger whatever lions the besting
of the
Air. Parke., a chemist, said, he 1141 inspected lisgra-
cols attrieiing the apparatus in question; anal Ile was
sate It was less 'Linger-on% than any other. Ile agreed
whits Mr. Wilason in every thing he stated, except as to
the ?Ito.- that the gas was !titres out.. 't he witneasthen
deserihed some experiments which went to illustrate his
position. Nu inflammable gas conk) hr produced mail
the -heat rose watt/ degrees; anal an such effect could
arise, even from negligence, in the ma.-blue in voca-
tion. which he considered is safer than any other.
til WWI oats not very kik& SSSSSS able; t•ltgar was twice
more sit. If the oil in use retort hail item heated to
even 4011 degrees, it would immediately vat bunitte the
sugar. .
air. Wangle. Profeasor of Chemistry at the !loyal In-
stituti.,n, saids lie hail made eaperimenss in ,cordrklog
prepare hinseal( for . the etirlercr isboald Is. this
Ile ail pitt alms Of sefar into hoillagtrLch
lie heated to t!ae temperature of near 6461 degrees, and
the ui! prathierti very little gas, stills a very slight de-,
}roe of init.* ability. tha, rea•eia, he wet con-
vinced there coelJ have been no explosion by tueans of
L:M in the artiltattl, in ilueßtion, a Ida he considered
the safest of ;di :others. 11- root examining the let and
lila- premises while the fire took place, lie was convinced
that 11..' lire must have broken out somewhere else than
over the loader. 'fltere could have been no has ro11C• teat
in the nisper part of the machine, su long as flirt'. %err
xitorlitres at the trait.
11 r. alerick Acento, the celebrated discoverer of
;misfit' in hos!, said he had occa-ion to male ex peri
mem s on Intl:mum:stile gas with new sail, to a fa-operators-
of 601: ,:egres-a, atoll no gas was ever proilneol below
that temperature. If a vessel contained ICH vallona, it
would take a man eight or len hours to pro.loce a heat
to that temperature. Ile had tried saperimrwh with
told oil, which case gas at 4641, similar to what was now
is-rd fur illuu.inati .if gas had been generated in the
apparatus in question. it would have gone out by the
aperture at the top, as all inflammable gas was lighter
than the atumapherie air. lie was clearly convinced
that this apparatus WWI 1111101 less hazardous than any
other, because the operator here had a complete eons-
inand over the heat, a hiels was not the CAM' in other
suarlainea, u here the snFar was likely to bail overt for
sugar contained inure inflammable gas than any other
substance. It would be physically impossible for the
oil in the retort to take fire; nor could a quantity of gas
be collected its the building without its getting assay ;
but if, by being air tight, the place was lired with gas,
and then the atmospheric- air let in, and the smallest
tire applied to it, an explosion would take ;dare which
must he heard all over London, and would tear the
building to pies-es.
Cross-examined Ley Mr. SCAR Li:Tr.—Being asked if
oil was ever adnlterated, Its, amid be bad no doubt of it.
—(Laughter.)—lleing asked how Ise knew whether oil
was mitre or less old, he said it depended on how often
it was heated, and whether heated in open or a close
vessel. The old tail would become heated wow,

s .boaanse thee* was a inn Tatty ofirtprolleglairr
flials itrise Ivor nil.
Mr. WilliJno Alien, Professor of Chemistry at Huy's
Hospital, 114:441 examinell the nook' in ioest;or, anal be
was continued it was a safer plan than any otlorr, be-
cause it prrventril the clanger whirl* woutil arise front 1
sups' boiling over; fur sugar rasa most inflanionahr
this

f'.SMAN.

'the premises after the fire; be saw a great quantity of
ruktish over the boiler, consisting of bricks, old broken
qbarrs, &c.
?sir. NS:Nester spoke tp,the superior safety of boiling
gplity.)ii apparatus; mid was sure that any gas
"endured there must he given out so slowly as to have
titan enough to evaporate.
'Mr. Min Thomas, Cooper, salil he was perfectly IC-
queintell with the new apparatus. The lowest tempera-
ture at which he could get gas from oil was, from 670 to
5.4; and if gas had kern produced, it would all go away)
through the various vents that lay open at the top of the
building.
:tit. t °eke ell, Chairman of the Committee of Che-
mistry in the Socitty of Arts, fully agreed with the,
other witnesses, and considered the apparatus in quee-',
non less hazardous than any other.
Several other nititesses were called to give evidence',
to thy sause effect, all tending to prove the safety of the
apparatus, and the impossibility of any lire taking place
by the creation of iidlatuinable gas, or of ignited gas
continuing to burn at the top of a building, like a lam-
bent flame ; fur gas could not be collected except in •
clime place ; and if then set on tire, it would make an
explosion destructive of every thing around it.
;tit.. lir-mink was now c4liefl. lie hail ;mole many ex-
periments respecting gas, anti fully agreed with what
had been stated by all the gentletueu who had given evi-
dence before him.

Here the easel"( the plaintiff was closed ; and
slr. SC4lll.llll' having stated that hr had got a vast
h.'.lt• of evidence on behalf of the defendan;•, the Loan
Unita .It.slicti adjourned the trial mail this morning.