The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-10-14 00:00:00

MAGISTRATES ROOM.-YESTERDAY.

Mr. Justice CRESWELL took his seat ill this Court at
hall-past nine o'clock this morning.

RIOT, &C.

Joseph Kitchen, Joseph Mills, Ralph Wolfenden, and
John Wright were charged with a conspiracy to turn out
factory bands at High Crompton, near Oldham, on the 18th
of August la t. They were also charged with attending an
unlawful assembly, and with a riot.
Mr. J. S. Wortmy and Mr. POLLOCK' appeared to con-
duct the case for the prosecution. Mr. WinG HANI defended
Kitchen. The rest were undefecded.

The learned counsel for the prosecution in stating the case
observed, that he should not trouble the Jury with the charge
of conspiracy against the prisoners, and therefore their atten-
tion need only be directed to the other charges, namely,
that of attending an unlawful asstmhly, and a riot.
From the evidence then adduced it appeared, that about
one o'clock in the afternoon of the 10th of August, a large
mob assembled at High Crompton, near Oldham, which
visited several of the factories, and turned out the hands.
Kitchen was there and addressed the mob, advising them
not to go to work until they got a fair day's wages for a fair
day's work. The whole of the prisoners were sworn to as
taking part in the proceedings of the riot, but Wolfenden
and Wright did not appear to have taken any active part in
the riot.

They were all found guilty of the riot and attending an un-
lawful assembly. The prisoners all received good characters,
and at the intercession of Mr. Wortley, Wolfenden and
Wright were discharged on entering into their own rec•?g-
nizances of £4O each, to appear when called upon to receive
judgment, and to keep the peace for two years. His Lord-
ship, after addressing the others on the Mischievous nature
of the offence of which they had been found guilty, sen-
tenced them to be imprisoned in the House of Correction for
twelve calendar months and kept to hard labour, and di.
rested that, at the expiration of that period, Hitchen should
find two sureties to keep the peace for two years.
Jenny Marcrofl was found guilty of a similar offence, com-
mitted at the factory of Messrs. Butterworth, at Spotland,
on the 18th of August, and the learned Judge sentenced him
to six months' imprisonment in the House of Correction.

CONSPIRACY.
Isaac Hoyle, William Booth, Thomas Ogden, John
Chisenhale, and John Wolstencroft, were indicted for un-
lawfully conspiring tegethet to impede, by threats and in-
timidation, the carrying on of ti._ trade and manufactures of
the country.
The prisoners Chisenhaleand Wolstencroft, on the recom.
mendation of Dr. Brown, pleaded guilty, and the others not
guilty.
Mr. J. S. WORTLEY and Mr. POLLOCK conducted the
case on behalf of the crown, and Mr. MATTHEWS that on
behalf of the defendants.
Mr. Won:pixy said the three prisoners were indicted for
conspiracy, together with other persons, one of them named
Taylor, who were included in a more serious charge, and
was not then on their trial for conspiring together, to pre-
vent her Majesty's subjects following their occupations, to
effect some private purpose of their own, either to procure
the charter, or sorm, oti•erst alteration in the laws of this
realm. During the period between the 12th and 20th of
August numerous meetings were held at
t Royton,allof which
wnehaicrh ieOtlid.
ham, of considerable bodies of people, a
prisoners were present, and inflammatory language was used,
and they were advised not to return to their work until they
obtained the charter. They all seemed to have had one
common object in view, and had pursued that in company
with large bodies of people, who had turned out workpeople
during the recent outbreak.
Several witnesses were then called, who proved that there
had been a number of meetings held every day, from the 12th
to the 20th of August, at which all the prisoners had generally
attended, and occasionally Hoyle acted as chairman. At
some of the meetings a person named Taylor was appointed
as a delegate to' attend the meeting of that body in Man-

cbester, that they should not g 3 tack to work until they bad
obtained the Charter; and at one of the meetings it was said,
if the people returned to their work they would visit them
and give them a good hiding (thrashing), and that the men
would use their swords, and the women would know how to
direct them. It was also said at one of the last meetings,
they would bear of something glorious in a few days. Evi-
dence was also given of the proceedings of some of the mobs
which had collected, as to their attacking the factories in the
neighbourhood, turning out the hands, and pulling the plugs
out of the boilers.

Mr. MATTHEWS addressed the jury at considerable length
in behalf of the defendants, contending that the objects of
those who attended the various meetings was purely of a
peaceable character, or, at all events, if they had any object
in view, it was to obtain the Charter; and, as they were in-
dicted for conspiring to prevent her Majesty's subjects from
pursuing their lawful occupations, they could not be found
guilty, even if the jury were of opinion that they were guilty
of unlawfully conspiring to obtain the Charter.
Mr. WORTLEY replied, and the learned Judge proceeded
to sum up the case, stating what he conceived to lie the
law of the subject, and the bearing of the evidence which
had been adduced as applicable to to it.
The Jury merely turned round in the box, and then pro-
nounced a verdict of guilty against all the prisoners.
Mr. WORTLEY then addressed his Lordsbip on behalf of
Chisenhale and Wolstencroft, who had pleaded guilty to the
charge. He said he certainly should not have been able to
have shown that they had taken any active part in the recent
outrages, and as most probably they had been made dupes
of by others, and he believed had some good characters, he
was not desirous for calling for any judgment against them.
He understood also that their masters were willing again to
take them into their service, and, therefore, he should be
satisfied on their being set at liberty on giving sufficient
security to appear when called upon to receive judgment.
His LORDSII then sentenced the prisoners to eighteen
months' imprisonment in the County Gaol,, and ordered
them to find sureties to keep the peace for two years after
that period. Wolstencroft and Chisenhale were the liberated
on giving two sureties to appear for judgment when called
upon.
Thomas Ashcroft, Thomas Marshall, and Joseph Fletcher,
tried on Wednesday, were then brought up and sentenced to
six months' imprisonment in the House of Correction.
This terminated the business of the Special Commission,
and the learned JUDGE, in dischargino. the Jury, said, he
hoped, as long as he had the honour of having a seat on the
bench, not to be again called upon under similar circum-
stances to try persons who had been guilty of such outrages
against the public peace.

QUALIFICATIONS 02 MASTERS AND MATES,

An adjourned meeting of the shipmasters of the port of
Liverpool was held on the evening of Tuesday, in the Ship-
masters' Rooms, Oldball-street, for the purpose of taking
into further consideration the provisions of the bill intro-
duced into parliament by Capt. Fitzroy, R.N., for appointing
boards for the examination of masters and mates in the
merchant service. Captain MIDGLEY was unanimously
called to the chair. The meeting was very numerously
attended.

The CHAIIIMAIV opened the proceedings by stating that
the meeting had been assembled for the purpose of proceed-
ing with the business relative to Captain Fitzroy's bill, which
had been left incomplete at the previous meeting. On that
occasion the bill was considered as far as the 21st clause;
and they would now commence with the discussion on the
23d clause, which made provision relative to the age and time
of service requisite to entitle parties to apply for certificates
of qualification.
Captain LOTT, of the steam-ship Caledonia, objected to
the bill in foto. He considered it a one-sided measure.
holding out great assumed advantages to tha shipowners and
underwriters, and subjecting the masters to annoyance and
expense without affording them any equivalent.
Captain BISSETT said, he did not go so far as his friend
Captain Lott, in objecting to the bill altogether. He saw no
valid objection to an examination as proposed by the bill,
provided it could be arranged so as to have the desired effect
without injury to the means of masters and mates. He
considered, certainly, all the advantage in the bill to be
upon the part of the underwriters ; and he strongly objected
to the masters and mates being called upon to pay for their
certificates.

The CHAIRMAN explained that the Shipmasters' Asso-
ciation having with"other public bodies memorialised govern-
ment to bring in a bill to establish boards of examination,
the question of the propriety of the bill could not now be
entertained—and more especially so as the meeting had been
called for the express purpose of considering its details.
Mr. Row Err stated it as his opinion that the bill would
tend very much to the benefit of the shipmasters, by raising
them in society ; and that it would ultimately conduce to
their pecuniary welfare by securing them a better remunera-
tion for their services. Indeed he had no doubt that the
time was not far distant when shipmasters, like officers in
the navy, would be pensioned for their services.
Captain CALDBECK approved of the bill as a general mea-
sure, but be objected to the classification of certificates .as
proposed by the 22d clause as invidious.
Lieutenant TRACEY, R.N. supported the bill. It would
raise the character of the shipmasters, and give them a status
in socizy which they did not appear to have at present ; but
at thdikame time he. thought it bore rather hardly upon
officers in the royal navy, because, after they had undergone
the examination requisite for naval officers, they must un-
dergo a second examination before they could be entitled to
command a merchantman. This was an obvious defect in
the bill, which he should think only required to be pointed
out in order to insure a remedy. He also considered the
fees to be paid upon examination rather too exorbitant, when
compared with those paid by naval officers under similar
circumstances. He had passed his examination upon the
same day with Captain Fitzroy; and although it might have
escaped the memory of the gallant captain as being too trivial
to be retained in it, he (Lieut. Tracey) well recollected that
for his two certificates he was called upon to pay only
£1 2s. 6d. He was further of opinion, that three masters in
the merchant service would form a very proper tribunal to
conduct the examinations.

After some further discussion a resolution was carried on
the motion of Captain CALDBECK, and seconded by Captain
LOTT, to the effect that the 22nd clause embraced provisions
inimical to the interests of the shipmasters in general, and
that it also contained undeserved reflections upon their
ability as a body.
The 23d and 24th clauses were then read and approved of,
without eliciting any remarks of importance.
On clause 25 being read,
Captain Bissm repeated that he had no objection to the
examination for qualification; but he certainly did object
most strongly to the fees proposed to be paid for certificates.
The fee, it must be remembered, was charged at a time when
the master or mate was least able to afford it, he having,
perhaps, at the same moment his outfit, chronometer, and
nautical instruments to purchase. The underwriters, in
fact, would derive all the benefit which the bill was likely to
give, and on that ground he thought they ought to be re-
quired to pay for the certificates of qualification.
It was then resolved, on the motion of Mr: ROWETT, se-
conded by Captain BISSETT, that clause 25 ought to be so
altered as to provide that all examinations should be made
entirely at the expense of government.
The 26th and 27th clauses were next read and approved
of.

On clause 28 being read, which gives a power to revoke
and cancel certificates in cases of misconduct,
Captain BISSETT objected to the clause, on the ground
that it would subject any shipmaster to double punishment
for one offence—first to punishment by a civil power, and
next to punishment by this clause.
Mr. ROWETT supported the clause. It was intended as a
protection of the really good man; and he instanced two
cases in which such an enactment might have been enforced
with advantage. One was a merchant captain who had be-
come a pirate ; and another was a recent case where a captain
had taken a ship out for the express purpose of losing her, in
order to defraud the underwriters.

On the motion of Captain CALDIIECK, seconded by Cap-
tain BISSETT, it was resolved that it was desirable to expunge
clause 28 from the bill ; and that if the master or mate of a
merchant ship were tried by a jury and convicted, he should
be deprived of his certificate for such period as the court
might award.

The 29th and 30th clauses were approved without ob-
servation.

On the 31st clause being read, which enacts that persons
having or being entitled to certificates of exemption, under
the bill, might apply for certificates of qualification--a long
discussion took place. At the end of the debate the clause
was left as it stands in the bill.

Captain LOTT again protested against the whole bill; and
he announced his intention of leaving a memorial against it
in the rooms of the Shipmaster's Association and other pub-
lic places.

Captain CALDBECK endeavoured to impress upon Captain
Lott the propriety of confining himself to the especial pur-
pose for which the meeting was convened ; and instead of
opposing the measure in toto, to lend his aid in making it a
good bill.
Thanks were given to the Chairman by acclamation for his
able and impartial conduct.
The meeting was then adjourned till Tuesday next, the
18th instant, at seven o'clock in the evening, on the motion
of Captain CALDBECK, seconded by Captain CHALMLEY.

Mr.s. ALFRED SIIANI7.—The story of this accomplished
vocalist, who has recently made so successful a debtit at the
Covent-garden, is an odd one. She was a factory girl in one
of the manufacturing towns of Lancashire—Rochdale, we
believe—and some one, noticing that she had a fine voice, had
her taught singing, and she is now unquestionably the first
contralto of the day. Mrs. Shaw was engaged at the Liver-
pool festival in 1836, when the town was thronged with fac-
tory girls (her old companions), who had come from Roch-
dale to " hear Peg Postans sing,"—for by her new name
they had not schooled their tongues to call her. The lady's
husband is an artist of some celebrity, and a,brother of Mr.
Shaw, the architect of Christ's Hospital, under whose super-
intendence the new wing of Eton College was erected, and
who has also been appointed architect for the proposed Royal
Naval School. Dramatic and Musical Revi,etc. [This
story is denied, and Mrs. Shaw's family are stated to be
highly respectable.—E. L. S.]
THE INDIAN Pnasoxnas.—Lady Sale has written two
very interesting letters, while they (the prisoners) were at
Lughnan. The first was written in very good spirits just
after receiving clothes, &c., from Jellalabad. "They had
not changed," she said, " since they left Cabul, and there
was such a scramlatt for them ; some (the weakest) got none,
which, when she heard, she had them divided more equally.
They were living 12 in one room--herself and Mrs. Start
(who were expecting to be confined), Mrs. Trevor and her
five children, and Ayahs ; and poor Captain Mein, who lay
at the foot of their bed, was so frostbitten he could not move."
But the most interesting anecdote she tells was, " that they
picked up a Bible and Prayer-book on their road from Cabul,
and in this poor Mein reads the lessons &c., to them every
evening; but the evenings were so long and dreary, they
wanted candles more than anything." Her last letter is very
desponding, as they were going to be removed behind moun-
ted horsemen, they knew not whither, but not very far off;
and that Akhbar Khan was willing to treat. Lady Sale says
if she escapes she will publish everything, as she has taken
notes of the whole proceedings; but there are painful tales
already hinted at:—of officers following their wives, instead
of staying at their posts. Calcutta Englishmen.
EXPORT OF MACHINERY FROM ENGLAND.—The English
Government have just come to an important determination.
It has permitted the exportation, hitherto prohibited, of
machinery for spinning worsted and cotton. The permission
may extend to other machines; those alone now expected
are such as arc used for flax and hemp. This decision, which
may be considered as the contre coup of the augmentation of
the rights imposed by France on English linens and linen
threads, has caused quite a sensation among French
machinists, and they have just addressed a letter to the
Minister, demanding that tho duty on foreign machinery,
which is now 15 per cent. shall be raised to 30 per cent. ; and
further states, that even with this !heavy protective duty,
they shall not be able to go on. Two years ago, the manu-
facturers of machinery, attributed their depressed condition
to the dearness of the raw materials ; iu their present com-
plaints they have forgotten that old grievance, and now con-
tine themselves to the one just alluded to. One of our
Ministers recently complained that, since the formation of
committees in all the different branches of industry, it was
impossible for any government to bring forward measures to
the satisfaction of them. For our own part we are far from
looking on those associations with such terror. If they give
us any uneasiness, it is because we see the weakness and the
powerlessness, of the Government. With a strong Ministry,
on the contrary, these committees would be useful, for they
form a sort of permanent jury on the state of Wench industry.
Besides it is the duty of the Government to listen to all the
grievances of every branch of trade and industry ; and it is
their duty to watch over the interests of all—La Siecle.

FRIDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 14, 1842

The charge of the Lord Chief Baron, which we gave
at length in our last, is an instructive document
throughout ; and we know not at this moment by what
means a greater service could he rendered to the work-
ing classes in the manufacturing districts than by its
circulation amongst them. If we were to form our
judgment from recent events in those districts, a
strange misconception exists amongst the population,
not only with respect to its own power, but with
respect, as well, to the powef of the law. The notion
is almost universally entertained that displays of phy-
sical force, congregations of masses of people pro-
fessing regard for " peace, law, and order," yet
avowedly endeavouring to intimidate the government
and the sovereign of the country, will not only he
tolerated, but are perfectly legal. The exposition of
the law by his lordship will go far to dissipate this
unfounded idea, propagated by designing men, to
subserve their own bad purposes; and its general cir-
culation would warn, if it did not effectually convince,
the working classes of the folly and danger of listening
to the councils of men who thus act in direct viola-
tion of the spirit as well as of the letter of the
constitution.

It is not, however, to this point that we purpose
now directing the attention of our readers. In the
charge before us, we conceive that Lord Abinger has
spoken only a portion of the truths which, it is evi-
dent, were pressing upon his mind. He has darkly
hinted, however, at the remainder; and we shall en-
deavour, here, to bring his lordship's meaning into
more full and prominent light.
The seditious and inflammatory speeches of the
chartist demagogues, O'Connor and others, were
evidently pointed at by the Chief Baron as having
aggravated the danger of the recent disturbances, and
as calling for the prompt visitation of the law. It is
a crime, we are told, almost, if not actually, amounting
to high treason, to conspire to restrain or force the
will of the Sovereign. It is a crime, then, by, inflam-
matory speeches or publications, to excite others to
such conspiracy The demagogues of the chartist
party are for this abiding the award of a jury of their
country. Are they, we ask, the only offenders whom
at this moment the law can reach ? Are these men,
whose trade is sedition, and who lire by it, to be
visited by punishment, whilst the amateur in sedition,
is permitted to escape ? To speak plainly,—is the
chartist leader, with his tools and dupes, to be punished,
whilst the Anti-G-law Leaguer walks away free in
the impunity of his crime ?

There is not a question that, up to the very hour of
the recent outbreak, the members of the League wore
sedulously engaged in that very seditious speaking
and writing which is denounced as illegal and dan-
gerous by the Lord Chief Baron. They have again
and again proclaimed their wish to excite just such
demonstrations of physical force, to " impose a re-
straint upon the will of the Sovereign," as are by his
lordship considered to amount to the crime of high
treason. The .'him and tendency of their entire pro_
ceedings are to effect their particular objects by a violent
action upon the will of the legislature; and, with Lord
Abinger, we " are at a loss to know what distinction
there is between a conspiracy to subvert the govern-
ment, and have a particular measure passed into a law;
and the crime of high treason." The Anti-Corn-law
League is, of itself, A CONSPIRACY ! It has through-
out its existence contemplated intimidation of the
government, by the excited masses, as its chief weapon.
To effect this intimidation, it has agitated; levied, and
is now levying, funds from the pockets of its dupes
dispatched its hired lecturers—its Thomsons and its;
Aclands—to all parts of the empire; congregated its
"ministers of all denominations," and even held its
convention at the very doors of the House of Com-
mons : and, if LorcVAbinger's be the correct interpre-
tation of the laws of Great Britain, there can be little
doubt that such a body so conducted is an illegal
body—a seditious and highly-dangerous CONSPIRACY!

Nor, we believe, is evidence wanting to connect the
League, sufficiently for the satisfaction of the law, with
the recent outbreak of the manufacturing tnasses. It
is not necessary that the particular proceedings of the
turn-outs should have been advised by it ; that the
League, in its capacity as an organised body, should
be proved to have provided funds and advice to their
leaders—although perhaps even that might be proved.
To meet the interpretation of the law furnished in the
charge before us, it is sufficient that its conduct has
been such as was designedly calculated "to excite
disaffection, sedition, and insurrection ;" and with the
atrocious placards of the League fresh in our memory,
coupled with the incendiary speeches of numbers of
its members, their threats of coming insurrection, and
heir prophecies of the exact time at which it would
break out, need we go far to seek for evidence which
would be satisfactory to any honest jury ? Assuredly
we need not.

What may be the intention of Government upon
this matter we have no means of ascertaining. We
should certainly not be surprised, however, to see its
condemnation visited upon certain gentlemen in Man-
chester, upon whom we have our eye, in a very intel-
ligible shape, if not precisely in that of a criminal
prosecution. By the spirit of English law the posses-
sion of intelligence and station has always been regarded
as aggravating the offence of an accused party ; and
we are confident that an honest Government, whilst
punishing the misguided and ignorant dupes of these
men, will never overlook the crimes of those so far
their superiors, merely because they write " coun-
cillor" or " alderman" after their names, and by a
profligate ministry have been permitted to exhibit their
ignorance upon the magisterial bench. We speak ad-
visedly when we say this. The conduct of these men
cannot be passed over; and, perhaps, it might be wise
in some of them to make the attempt at least to mol-
lify the offended justice of their country by retiring
from the prominent and responsible position which they
occupy in the public eye. They may live to thank us
for THE HINT !

The prevention of the destruction of property,
warehouse or of other descriptions, by fire, is un-
doubtedly an object well worthy the attention of every
inhabitant of this community. But there is another
species of destruction going on daily around us, and
attributable, in part, to the same cause, to which it is
equally the duty of every lover of his kind to direct
his earnest attention, and to endeavour to devise a
check. We refer to the lamentable destruction of hu-
man life arising from the crowded, ill-ventilated, and
ill-cleansed dwellings in which the labouring poor of
this town are compelled to locate themselves.

From a publication, just issued from the office of
the Poor-law Commissioners, containing the result of
an enquiry into the sanitory condition of the labour-
ing population of Great Britain, and from which we
propose, on a future occasion, to quote largely, we
find that in 1840, the number of deaths in Liverpool
were, of "gentry and professional persons," 137; of
" tradesmen and their families," 1738; and of " la-
bourers, mechanics, and servants," 5597. The ave-
rage duration of life in the first class was 35 years ; of
the second, 22 years ; and, of the third only 15 years !
Of all the towns to which the commissioners have di-
rected their attention, the sanitary condition of Liver-
pool appears to be the worst. The labouring classes of

Manchester, of Leek ;, of Bolton, of Birmingham, of
Bethnal Green, and Whitechapel Union—the worst
districts of the metropolis—are apparently in the en-
joyment of a larger amount of health than the labour-
ing classes of this, which might be made one of the
most salubrious localities in the kingdom !
And why, welsk, is this the case ? Have we no
medical charities to which the poor labourer can applY
in his sickness ? Is there anything. peculiarly unhealthy
in the employment of that class in Liverpool ? We

have medical charities, and the employment of our
poor is not of a peculiarly unhealthy kind. The evil,

we are satisfied—and the report before us bears us out
in our conviction—is solely in the filthy and wretched

character of the dwellings in which the labourer is
confined; in the damp, unwholesome cellars, the un-
ventilated courts';' and unsewered streets, in which he
is doomed to breathe out a miserable existence. A

report presented to the commissioners, by Dr. Duncan,
states that " there are upwards of 8000 inhabited
cellars in Liverpool," the occupants of which he

estimates at 35,0t1p to 40,000 in number. Add to
these the vast number of courts, most of them closed

up at one end, and the dark and ill-severed streets
which abound in some localities, and are even filthier
than the filthiest courts; and we have presented to our
view the residences of the great bulk of the labouring
population of this town the second port in the

empire !
" Few of the cellars" in question, continues Dr•
Duncan, "are entirely free from damp; many of those
in low situations are literally inundated with a fall of
rain." And " with regard to the courts, I doubt
whether•. there is a single court in Liverpool which
communicates 'with the street by an underground
drain, the only means afforded for carrying off the
fluid dirt being a narrow, .open, shallow gutter, which
sometimes exists, but even this is generally choked up
with stagnant filth." He continues—

" There can be no doubt that the emanations from this
pestilential surface, in connexion with other causes, are a
frequent source of fever among the inhabitants of these un-
drained localities. I may mention two instances of corrobo-
ration of this assertion :—ln consequence of finding that not
less than 63 cases of fever had occurred in one year in a
court in Banastre-street, (containing 12 houses,) I visited the
court in order to ascertain, if possible, their origin, and I
found the whole court inundated with fluid filth which had
oozed through the walls from two adjoining ash-pits or cess-
pools, and which bad no means of escape in consequence of
the court being below the level of the street, and having no
drain. The court was owned by two different landlords,
one of whom had offered to construct a drain provided the
other would join him in the expense ; but this offer having
been refused, the court had remained for two or three years
in the state in which I saw it ; and I was informed by one of
the inhabitants that the fever was constantly occurring there.
The house nearest to the ash-pit had been untenanted for
nearly three years in consequence of the filthy matter oozing
up through the floor, and the occupiers of the adjoining houses
were unable to take their meals without previously closing
the doors and windows."
Evidence in every way similar is given by the
medical officer of the West Derby Union, who, how-
ever, attributes a portion of the disease,- by which the
lives of the labouring poor of Liverpool are reduced
to an average duration of 15 years, to other causes be-
sides
their residence in these wretched cellars and
courts, still setting down, however, that high rate of
mortality to the nature of their places of dwelling.
The cottages of the poor, he contends, are almost uni-
versally ill-built ; and the practice of crowding whole
families into one or two apartments, in streets un-
sewered and unprovided with the means of ventilation
and cleanliness, is fatal to health, and productive of
disease in every, form : and not only is this the case in
Liverpool, but in every town throughout the kingdom
similar results are observed to flow from similar causes.
In whatever particular localities in any of our large
towns, and even in the country, the drainage of dwell-
ings has been found deficient, there fever and epidemics
have been found to prevail, and the mortality of the
population to be in fearful disproportion with that of
places, even less favoured in situation, but better
cleansed and ventilated.
We directed attention a few days ago, in connexion
with this subject, to the pressing importance of some
comprehensive measure, by which this dreadful mor-
tality, and the immorality with which it is accom-
panied, as well as the danger from fire, could be
removed from the immediate neighbourhood of our
principal public thoroughfares. We again call atten-
tion to it; and in particular that of the committee
delegated by the Council to enquire into the steps to
be taken for the prevention of such a calamity as that
by which the town has lately been visited. If that
committee inspect in person the neighbourhoods to
which we refer, the wretchedness, the immorality, and
positive vice which pervade them, will come as
glaringly before their eyes as any danger to mere
property can do ; and we trust that it will not be
thought a more important matter to provide for the
safety of the cotton and other produce which loads
our warehouses, than for the health, the lives—nay,
the souls—of thousands of their fellow. creatures, who
I are yearly swept, as by a pestilence, into premature
graves. .

We have not of late thought it worth our while to
bestow even the trouble of a perusal upon the prosy
rubbish administered, in anything but homoeopathic
doses, in the columns of the Liverpool Mercury. We
saw our contemporary busily engaged in writing him-
self down; and we anticipated, and still anticipate, the
time when his soporific effusions will become unfailing
nightcaps for the sleepless; and a few doses of Mercury,
administered over a pint of sixpenny, will fix the
recipient in a trance deeper than either Animal Mag-
netism, Braidism, or any other ism can produce.

With all otir toleration, however, we cannot allow
our dozing contemporary to blunder out in his sleep
such indecencies as disgraced even his columns OP
Friday last without recording the disgust with which
they inspire us, in common, we believe, with nine-tenths
of the people of Liverpool. We refer to an article
upon the subject of the thanksgiving recently offered
up in our churches for the abundant harvest with

which we hare been blessed. It has entered into the

head, or the inkstand, of this sapient personage, that a

proceeding so full of propriety—so touchingly expres-
sive of the gratitude of a people to the Giver of all
good—presents a subject upon which he may, with
decency, exhibit, under the guise of an anti-corn-la"
diatribe, his sectarian hatred towards the established
religion of the land and its revered dignitaries. With
a twenty-dissenting-parson-power of nauseous cant,
our contemporary denounces any public thanksgiving
as a " loud and ostentatious display," and its authors
" hypocrites"—men who " pass their lives in devising

schemes to defeat the bounty of God"—to " stop the
bounty of the Creator in its way to his creatures.
The form of thanksgiving itself is not only, in the
opinion of this organ of Popery, hypocritical, but
impious," eve* It "conveys an insinuation that the
Deity is to blame for the deficient harvest of preceding
years"!
We shall certainly not attempt to controvert the
extraordinary positions of our contemporary, our object
being fully answered when we have called public atten •
tion to their grossness. The spite of Popery, disguised
though it may be, is still too apparent to do serious
injury to the object against which it is launched. The
sarcasms of an abler writer than him of the Mercury
would be required to turn away the affections of the
sincere Protestant from one of the most becoming
practices of his .dhurch. Conservatives, do read the
prosy columns of the Mercury. It finds its way int°
the family of many a Churchman ; and although we

have no fearnhat its ribald mockery of ordinances
which they hold dear and sacred will turn a single '
mind from TILE TRUTII to the abominations of the .
idol which itself worships, yet we cannot but suggest
to those Conservatives, if they must be supplied with a
dish of Liberalism once a week, the prudence of select-.
ing one whose concocters can distinguish between
politics and profanity, and whose hatred to their church
and themselves is a little less intense and obtrusive.

•
We have never presumed to interfere in the question
as to the party best fitted to occupy the post of Chief
Magistrate of Liverpool for the ensuing year; and we
should not do so now did we not find such an unani-
mity of feeling upon the subject, that we run no risk
of offending or being deemed intrusive. We believe
there is a very general opinion in all quarters that Mr.
Robertson Gladstone should be the gentleman fixed upon.
The long connexion of the family of that gentleman with
the commerce of this great port ; the respect in which
its various members are held by all classes of their

A

fellow-townsmen ; the admitted high talent of that
member who continues to reside amongst us ;—all point
to him as the pprty on-whoie shoulders the highest
honour in its power to convey should be conferred by
the Corporation of. Liverpool ; and we trust that we
shall have to congratulate himself and the burgesses of
the town upon an appointment alike honourable to
both.

We give this day, in our advertising columns, a cir-
cular addressed by Mr. Robinson, of Great George's
Ward, to his constituents ; and a strange affair it is—
hodge,podge of incongruous professions, such as,
we beg to assure its talented and discreet writer, will
scarcely impose upon one burgess of the ward pos-
sessed of more intellect than William Earle's walking-,
Stick. It will not do, Mr. Robinson. We must have
in the Council, now-a-days, men who determine their
conduct on important questions upon some intelligible
principles. Our advice, given in kindness and cha-
rity, is this :—Retire at once, and do not, pray do not,
expose yourself to the indignity of being kicked out as
One proved unworthy of the confidence of the consti-
tuency which you have mis-represented!
We congratulate the burgesses of this ward upon
the determination to which they have come, to return
to the Council, instead of this shifty personage, a gen-
tleman of known good principle, possessed of firm-
ness sufficient to withstand the insidious coaxing or
the blustering of the Radical and Popish faction. In
Mr. Thomas Royden, the candidate fixed upon to op-
pose Mr. Robinson, should that gentleman be ambi-
tious of defeat, we are confident that they have found
such a one. In addition to his other excellent proper-
ties, Mr. Royden is, from the nature of his business,,
well informed upon the shipping and shipbuilding
trade, of the port; and we esteem the circumstance of
his being himself a builder as a valuable qualification,
and one which will render him an acquisition to the
Council, as the representative there of one of our most .
important interests.

A correspondent asks us whether any change is to
he made in the representation of West Derby Ward;
whether Mr. John Smith will still continue to occupy
a seat which he must know he is only permitted to do
from a fear on the part of Conservatives lest a contest
in that ward should operate injuriously upon their
Prospects in other wards. We cannot answer the
question, for we know not the amount of Mr. John
Smith's sense of decency. We ourselves, were we in
the position of Mr. Smith, would not condescend to
Occupy a seat in the Council. Some men, however,
are less nice in their notions of things ; and Mr. John
Smith, we fancy, is amongst the number. He will
Cling to the elevated position which he holds, and
which only serves to render his extreme silliness more
conspicuous, until the kind burgesses of the ward re-
lieve him of his cares. We say to them, Do it at
°nee! Take example from the burgesses of West
Derby ; and though the total obscuration of the
Council be the result, send John Smith to keep com-
pany with his brother luminary—Castor with Pollux—
into the retirement of private life.
In the other wards of the town, we are happy to see
that our friends are upon the alert. Mr. Ambrose Lace,
we learn, has consented to become a candidate for South
Toxt9th ; Mr. John Sheppard starts for North Tox-
teth ; and in both wards with almost a certainty of
success. Mr. S. Holme is at present unopposed, and
it is hiB own chimney to Mr. Councillor Bright's yard-
stick that he continues so. The canvas in Castle-street
and Exchange Wards goes on favourably. St. Paul's,
it will be seen from the report in our columns, met last
night. On the whole, matters wear an encouraging
l
ook;- and we trust that, with exertion and activity,
the contest will not be fought in vain. .

LOCAL NEWS.

W kdale
e understand tha the ishop has lcensed St.
C ch
hur, Kir, fort the celebß i ration of marriages. Mary's
Sir LIVERPOOL RACES.—The Hon. E. Ll. Mostyn succeeds
R. Williams Bulkeley, as one of the stewards of these
races. There will be no more autumn meetings.
PATRICK DoRA N.—This individual, committed on a charge
of arson, has been liberated on bail. His three sureties of
flOO each, were Mr. Bannon, spirit dealer, Cooper's-row ;
Ir• Peter M'Ardle, licensed victualler, Duke's-place, Wap-
--
Cheing ;hire and Mr. Graham, marine-store dealer, l3irkenhead,
THE STEAM-SHIP HINDOSTAN.—Letters from Gibraltar,
by the Montrose steamer, announce the arrival of the Hin-
dostan at that port on the 29th ult., having run the distance
from the Needles to Gibraltar (about 1,200 miles) in 121
hours, being'at the rate of ten knots an hour.

THE LORD LIEUTENANT OF IRELAND.—His Excellency
the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and suite, accompanied by
Lord and Lady Cowper, arrived at Radley's Adelphi Hotel,
In this town. on Saturday, and on Sunday they embarked for
Ilslreiallor and, i n a steamer specially appointed for the reception of
dship.

LADIES' CHARITY.—We understand that the lying-in
Wards of this extensive and useful charity, which are situated
:it No. 20, Parr-street, are now open for the reception of all
Ingerous or difficult cases among the married poor provided
With a recommendation. Notes of recommendation may be
obtained from the Ladies' Charity, either at 115, Duke-street,
°r at 20 Parr-street ; at the residences of the medical officers ;
and also from the district midwives.
A• PROLIFIC HEN.—A small hen, the property of Miss
4ulek"use, Toxteth-park, brought out, on Sunday last,
eleven chickens, being her third brood during the present
Year
A • In July she hatched fifteen, and the same number in
thPril, having each time formed her own nest among the ivy,
ue Parties in the house knowing nothing of her proceedings
Until she appeared with her progeny at her feet.
(awing
PASS.—We have had submitted to us a
litAing (about to be published in the first style of tinted
h
°graPtiY) of the attack made upon her Majesty's 9th
lirnent, under the command of General Pollock, on their
173ertnPment on the plain at the mouth of the Kyber Pass,
ng the first attack of the Kyherees after the great mac-
Mete of the British. It was taken on the spot, by one of
artist who was, sometime since, established as an
t„in this town. Of course peculiar interest is attached
the subject; and, we believe the sketch gives a faithful
presentation of the scene in question, together with the
mode
of attack and the line of defence adopted.
ex t WATERLOO-ROA 13.—0 n Tuesday evening some
meitement was created throughout the town from a report
at the fire in Crompton-street had again broken forth and
th a rapidly extending. The alarm was instantly spread
enr°,ngli thc town, and Mr. Whitty and Mr. Hewitt, with
itb,nes. water-carts &c., hastened in the direction indicated.
preas discovered that the fire. was in Waterloo-road, in the
e i"naes of Messrs. Goldsmith and Co., oil dealers and
frotourinen. It appears that some oil in a boiler had over-
of Leid into the fire and set the roof in flames. The officers
the nee had pretty well subdued the fire before the arrival of
engines, and in a short time it was quenched entirely.
e.tevi n%SIC FORPEOPLE.—Froni the success that has
eed the introduction of the Wilhem system in this
artery, we anticipated further improvements would. be
ropted, and probably realised, in the art of teaching sing-
te,iiln Classes. Mr. Pelzer, a gentleman favourably fortwn
pi„‘ e musical profession by his elementary works the
ajno and guitar, has written a little work for facilitating the
trirement of singing
me at sight, by means of class teaching ;
passing through this town, from Dublin, where his
he 'ad has been adopted by several first-rate professors,
memberave a lesson on his system, on Monday evening, to the
s of the Total Abstinence Society, assembled in the
a,sonic-ball. The method of Pelzer is remarkable for its
It r"eitY, and,
for the rapidity with which elementary in-
broetion is conveyed by it. Instead of spending the time of
scZeral lessons in mere dumb show, which the practical mu-
hr,-401 knows to be of no value, Mr. P.. in a lesson of one
1,47, carried the class from the first rudiments of singing to
shade an air from the written music with the light and
the ge correctly preserved. Mr. P. wes assisted in giving
4\lo„"tcal tones by Mr. tienahles, of the Music Academy,
as .-1,1,-Pleasant, who is about to form classes on the system,
papers be seen by an advertisement in another part of this
pr',11,5:15 NEW TARIFF.—On Tuesday the first sales of foreign
tos,-"sions under the new scale of duties took place in this
tea,l The quantity offered was considerable, and the at-
aal;a,nee appears to have been extremely good, many per-
lib,' 'laving come from distant parts of the country. Per-
tetr on this account the prices obtained offer a less fair cri-
tic'," of the rates likely to be permanently realised for ar-
th, : of the same description. The pork seems to have been
favourite article, but being put up in lots too large for
eaii.r•CY dealers, many were doubtless prevented purchasing
Afti„,..3would afterwards take small supplies from the retailers.
the all. it appears that the prices did not quite come up to
avithcfPeetation of the importers, some of whom consequently
?f thjew their parcels. We have been favoured with 'ports
bat we
from several of the respectable brokers concerned,
'oll substance of the whole will be found embodied in the
a.ee°,-I,lng, which has
Coenbe carefully prepared by Messrs.
Harrison and :
for tilue 10th of October was the day fixed by the new Tariff
'441, er, Payment of the reduced Duties on Salted Provisions,
Were': consequence, Public Sales to a considerable extent
arranged to take place this day. These Sales comprised
1,522 Barrels American Beef
2,199 Ditto Ditto Pork
311 Ditto Ditto Hams
691 Ditto Canadian Pork
told 35 Ditto Ditto Beef
aneeetcrited•eonsiderable interest and curiosity. The attend-
et,ad `nwn and country Dealers at the Sales was numelreland ; the latterous,
vio t ere
, were some Gentlemen from r, no
`0 iar;,,,Cniefly to watch the progress of a Trade threatening
for
an-ilere with that which they have enjoyed exclusively
United trust be observed, that the greater portion of the
4 bmates' Meats were imorted some months ago, and,
Itt eba,,,,een cured before it was,known that there. would be
'484 nr in the British Duties, were not so well suited to the
hereafter on_sumers here, as doubtless. they will be rendered
then
(„n fa b. The Pork was generally very well fed, though ra-
f4ltr ;than the usual run of Irish. Of the Beef, on the
""4 ar""t was observed, that it was not sufficiently well
retteilTetiognUoltion whether the Sales have resulted
.to the
With the Importers generally ; the Buyers evidently
tae United
wariness from being new to the trade.
with United States' Provisions a large portion was
(Int rawn• Th d 3
try •
e Hams sold fetche Os. 6d. to 31s. per cwt.,
tvely aide.sa Prime Beef 3Ss. to 395. per barrel, duty paid; a
barrd4 d
tyr rei el went even lower.. Pork 41s. to 465. per bar-
el, dut •. The Canadian Pork realised 435: to 465. per
Itch rel Paid. Of Canadian Beef there was little offer.ed,
eas 'sect for prime 465. to 4Ss., and one lot of prime
se-v, per barrel duty paid.
~,lds ;1;31111.1,Pa, reels Of American Cheese were offered,. and
°94 to 465. rid. per cwt., duty paid, for interior to
siaa. Deriserta„itiyu,tywrhailidst. few lots of ' good' brought 50s. to

ACCIDENTAL DEATH.—Yesterday morning, a man named
Drury, foreman to Mr. Bowers, contractor for the works
now going on at the Salthouse Dock, was accidentally killed
whilst in the pursuance of his duties. -The inquest will be
held this day.

PROPERTY ON SALE IN LIVERPOOL.—WE beg to draw
the attention of capitalists to Mr. Williams' list of property
on sale. There are some opportunities offered by him for
investment seldom to be met with. In the matter of offices
to let, it will be seen that Mr. Williams has those beautiful
'buildings in Chapel-street, commenced by the late Mr. J.
A. Kaye. Several fine houses and tenements he has also to
let, of a most desirable nature.

LIVERPOOL COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION.—The late Joseph
Ridgway, Esq., of Ridgmont, has left the sum of £2OO to
this institution, free from legacy duty. This is the first lega-
cy to this noble institution, and it may, perhaps, be the
means of inducing many of our wealthy townsmen to include
the Collegiate Institution among the others to which they
may purpose making legacies.
ENORMOUS SQUARES OF GLASS.—A:tiew shop has just
been opened at the bottom of Ranelagh-street by Mr. Stott,
the windows of which attract unusual attention, being each
eleven feet two inches, by six feet wide ; the largest hitherto
seen in Liverpool. They are the manufacture of the Raven-
head Plate Glass Company, and excite much admiration.

FEMALE ATTRACTION.—The greatest of all female attrac-
tions is " a white and delicate skin." No other attribute of
beauty wins so much upon the eye, and excites general admi•
ration. We know of no invention that so truly possesses the
power of bestowing, the fascination of a beautiful skin like
RowLAND's KALYDOR. The Kalydor, which is odorifer-
ously pleasant to the olfactory nerves, imparts to the hands,
face, or neck, a cooling and refreshing feeling, while it suc-
cessfully opposes with its bland and soothing influence, the
scoaching rays of the summer sun. We understand that
mothers, in nursing, find the Kalydor a most welcome
auxiliary.—See advt.

DINNER AT THE TOWN HALL.—On Wednesday evening
last the Mayor entertained a numerous and distinguished
party to dinner at the Town Hall. Among the company
present were Lord Abinger, the Chief Baron of the Court of
Exchequer, Baron Alderson, Mr. Justice Creswell, Sir Fre-
derick Pollock, Attorney-General, the Hon. Mr. Stewart
Wortley, the Hon. Mr. Scarlett, Mr. Sergeant Atcherley,
Thomas Robert Wilson Ffrance, Esq., Hgh Sheriff of the
County, Sir Thomas Bernard Birch, Bart.. Sir Thomas
Brancker, Knt., Sir Thomas Whitehead, Knt., Thomas
Green, Esq., M.P., foreman, and the' twenty-one other
gentlemen of the Grand Jury, Edward Rushton, Esq., Sti-
pendiary Magistrate, William Earle, Esq., &c., &c. The
company sat down at half-past seven o'clock, and separated
about eleven.

DOCK COMMITTEE, YESTERDAY.—Present, Messrs.
Sands, Horsfall, Holmes, Mellor, Molyneux, Holt, Bold,
Middleton, Smith, Tobin, Moon, Evans, and Shand.—The
Sub-committee of Works recommended that the shed at the
Clarence Basin, should be boarded up at the west side and
north end.—The committee of the Marine Departmentwished
the offer of Messrs. Grantham and Co. for building a dupli-
cate bell beacon to he accepted. The committee also stated,
that out of the great number of stages which had been in use
at the different docks not one had received any damage.—ln
consequence of the statement made by Mr. Bold, at the last
meeting, that the London insurance companies would not in-
sure property in the new warehouses about to be built round
the docks, and that they had objected to insure the property
in the St. Katherine's Docks, a letter had been written on the
subject by Mr. Aikin to Sir John Hall, who had returned an
answer. Some conversation having ensued as to the propriety
of publishing Sir John Hall's reply, and also the letter of
Mr. Aikin ,it was ultimately decided that the matter should
stand over until the next meeting of the committee.—Mr.
Molyneux gave notice of his intention to move that the hour
of meeting for the committee be in future one o'clock instead
of twelve, as being more convenient.—The committee then
adjourned.
WARRINGTON REGATTA.-011 Thursday, the Gth instant,
a general meeting was held at the George Hotel, for receiving
the annual report of receipts and expenditure of the past
season, and the appointment of officers for the ensuing year.
The chairman intimated that the secretary be now requested
to read his balance sheet, from which it appeared, that after
the settlement of all expenses, a handsome surplus towards
the fundss of next year remained in the hands of the
banker. The committee express their warmest acknowledge-
ments to the distinguished patrons, and also to the numerous
subscribers, in thus placing them in a position so advanfage-
ous to the interest of a future regatta. It having come to
the knowledge of the Regatta Committee that some portion
of the subscribers imagined the late " rural sports" were
sanctioned by them, they deem it just to announce, that in
no wise were they recognised. Mr. Shaw Thewlis was re-
appointed secretary; but the treasurer, Mr. Heath, respect-
fully declined accepting the office another year. Mr. Peter
Davies, jun., was elected in his stead. Before we close the
labours of the committee, we would suggest to the members
—as there are numerous aspirants to aquatic fame of estab-
lished clubs—the propriety of increasing their numbers, and
also the formation of new clubs ; so that first-rate crews and
boats might he at any time selected to vie for thgt distinction
which fires the soul of every genuine oarsman. We allude
more especially to this, as the committee have awarded, for
two successive seasons, a good prize, " the open stake,"
which have easily been rowed away by boats crews coming
from other towns. The annual ball in aid of the funds will
be held next January.

CORRESPONDENCE.

THE REV. HUGH M'NEILE AND THE
CHRONICLE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Silt,—To elicit an eulogy from an enemy is to gain a signal
triumph. Such, I perceive, has been the Rev. Hugh
M'Neile's success. Your contemporary, the Chronicle, of
Saturday last, in the outset of a long leader of abuse heaped
upon the rev. gentleman, has recorded. unwittingly, the fol-
lowing tribute of well-earned praise :
" In fact, he is the very centre of the system of intole-
rance and bigotry which finds its principal support in this
district of the country."
It is well known that by " the system of intolerance and
bigotry," the rhronicle means sound Church of England
Protestantism, equally remote from the laxity of dissent on
the one side and the narrowness of superstition on the other.
Now substituting this synonyme, we read in the Chronicle
a good and true account of the position which Mr. M`Neile
occnpies. He is, indeed, the centre and life of sound Church
of England Protestantism, which finds its principal support
in this district of the country.
Here the Chronicle has unwittingly told another truth :
sound Church of England Protestantism finds its chief sup-
port in this district of the country. This is most true. The
Chronicle says so. Mr. O'Connell said so. Yet still it is
true. And why is it so? But because Mr. M'Aleile is here.
I do hope, Air. Editor, that you will not be deterred by
the sneers of your radical contemporary from doing justice to
the brilliant talents, the unwearied perseverance, and the
consequent unexempled influence of the rev. gentleman.'
I am, Sir, a constant reader of your valuable journal, and
an attentive observer for many years of the state of the
country and the church.
Aigburth, Oct. 10, 1842. SENEX.