The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-08-26 00:00:00

MISCELLANEOUS.

NEW CORN.—There was a fair quantity of new corn
shown at our market on Tuesday, and two or three loads
were sold at 60s.—Hull Rockingham.
The harvest in Westmorland and Cumberland has now
become general, and the quantity and quality of the crops
far surpass the most sanguine expectations of the farmers.
We have heard that MO of the oldest captains in the navy,
not under 60 years of age, are to be allowed to retire with the
rank of rear-admiral, on 20s. per diem.—United Service
Gazette.

The enormous West Pennard cheese now weighs nine cwt.
and one quarter, and has lost one cwt. since it was shown,—
which, considering where it has been, (in chancery,) is but
very little.
Amongst the patents recently taken out in France, is one
for shoeing horses by simple adhesion. The foot of the ani-
mal once prepared for the new method, may be afterwards
shod and unshod at pleasure by the groom.
On Friday night last the towns of Limerick, Galway.
and Cork were visited by an awful storm of thunder and
lightening, accompanied with torrents of rain. Fortunately
no loss of life or property occurred.

At Lockerbie lamb fair 20,000 half-bred sheep were
shown, and one lot was sold for 17s. each ; 10,000 Cheviot
sheep were in the market, and were sold for 10s. each ; and
5,000 black-faced lambs were exhibited, and a number of
which were sold for 7s. 6d. each. There were about 75,000
sheep shown for sale at Langholme sheep fair, many of which
were sold at good prices.
LICHFIELD.—A feeling opposed to that which has so
fatally irritated the manufacturing districts has manifested
itself here; for, upon the magistrates suggesting to the in-
habitants the prudence of putting themselves in a state of
effective defence against the irruption of disorderly strangers,
upwards of 500 of them (chiefly the labouring class) promptly
attended to be sworn in special constables, and with the
gentry and tradesmen are now organized to act, should the
unhappy necessity arise.

A most dreadful thunderstorm passed over Alston-moor
on Wednesday last. Ninteen men, women and children,
sought refuge from the storm in the smithy belonging to the
Bloomsbury lead mine, when the agent, Mr. Jacob Walton,
entered the smithy with a horse, and the electric fluid struck
the building, burst beneath the animal's belly and instantly
killed it on the spot, while the agent had his arm much in-
jured. Four or five women and boys were more or less hurt,
but none of them fatally.
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.—His grace was Master-
General of the Ordnance from 1818 to ]827, when he suc-
ceeded his Royal Highness the Duke of York in the same
high office he has been again called on to occupy. On being
appointed First Lord of the Treasury in 1828, his Grace
resigned his command of the army to Lord Hill, who has
continued to fulfil the duties of the office up to the present
time. Since 1794, with the exception of a short interval
from 1809 to 1811, when Sir David Dundas commanded, this
office has had only three occupants—his Royal Highness the
Duke of York, Lord Hill, and the Duke of Wellington. The
latter is now in his seventy-fourth year, having been born on
the Ist of May, 1769.
Baines's Leeds Mercury, with a large supplement of out-
rages, robberies, and disorders, heads the whole catalogue of
crimes and disasters as a "holiday insurrection !" These
are curious and canting terms for " battle, murder, and sud-
den death." Insurrections, rebellions, riots, fire and sword,
plunder and desolation, were not wont to be dealt with quite
so delicately. In the Church and King riots, at the com-
mencement of the first French revolution, when a loyal mob
burnt the chapels and homes of some revolutionary dissen-
ters, the criminals were hanged at Warwick, and the suffe-
rers indemnified by a swinging tax on the hundred; and this
under the rule of an ultra tory government. Now for the
test of an equal justice to " Trojan and Tyrian."

DREADFUL. LOSS OF LIFE ON BOARD THE MANLIUS
EMIGRANT VESSEL.—The Manlius sailed from Greenock
for Port Philip, on the 18th October last, with 150 emigrants
on board. Soon after they sailed the typhus fever made its
appearance amongst them, and, melancholy to relate, forty-
three died at sea previous to the arrival of the vessel at Port-
Philip on 14ih February. The remainder of the passengers
were landed next day, and placed in tents along the shore,
where, within ten days more, eighteen others died—the rest
dying daily. The Captain having omitted in his letters to
the owners at Waterford to give the names of the sufferers,
so as the minds of the anxious relatives here might in some
measure be alleviated, it would be an act of great kindness
were any person who may have received a list of the suffer-
ers to make it public through any of the Scottish or Irish
newspapers.—Glasgow Guardian.

The Monileur Beige published on the 15th instant, a royal
ordannance, fixing the duties to be raised on linen threads
and cloths, wines, and silk goods, and slates, in accordance
with the stipulations of the treaty lately concluded with
France. Article 6, which refers to French wines and silks,
is thus drawn up :—" In consequence of a modification of
the customs-laws at present in force, the entrance-duties on
ia2nf.ds
wines and silk goods of French production shall be subject
,&c., French 4
ftistshueesk,ilsoiglkragmomodes :
to the subjoined tariff : French wines, in cask, 50c the
shueechtolaistres,atainnds, in bottles
velvets,
ribands,
plain silk handkerchiefs, 4 f the kilogramme ; printed do.,
the kilogramme."
THE NEW TARIFF.—We continue to have importations
of cattle under the new tariff, and if the speculation con-
tinues to answer the purpose of the spirited gentlemen who
engage in it, the meat market will no doubt be soon lower.
On Sundry the Emeral Isle brought 12 cows, 2 bulls, and 24
sheep. The sheep were immediately sent off into the inte-
rior. The Rob Roy, on Monday night, brought 40 beasts,
which were in capital condition. They were in our market
next day, but not meeting with a sale equal to the expecta-
tions of the importer, they were sent off to Wakefield.
They were fed in Jutland and Holstein, and thence driven
over to Hamburg. We have also a small importation of
pigs by the Hanseatic boat, the Hamburg.—Hull Paper.
THE SLIDING SCALE.—Thursday was the last day of the
Bs. duty on corn, when we understand as much as £38,000
was paid in at the Hull Custom-house, £ll,OOO having been
paid on the previous day, and very heavy sums during the
preceding part of the week, as the export and import lists
will show when published. Thus will the full effect of the
sliding scale be now exhibited. Nearly 1,000,000 of quarters
will, it is supposed, be liberated in all, which will be brought
into competition with the grain of the small farmers, who
are forced to sell their wheat as early as possible after har-
vest. A glut will of course ensue. and a corresponding fall
in the prices.—Hull Rockingham.
THE COMMANDERSHIP OF THE ARMY.—The resignation
of Lord Hill would have taken place some months ago, as
we notified at the time, but from the difficulty of filling up
-the office, owing to the pretensions of the several candidates;
and to silence all, we believe that the appointment of his
Royal Highness Prince Albert was desired in the highest
quarter—an appointment, we may add, which would have
afforded general satisfaction. The candidates for the office
are understood to have been the Duke of Cambridge, the
Marquis of Anglesey, Sir Edward Paget, and Sir George
Murray. The latter is supposed by many to be the person
for whom the Duke of Wellington holds the situation • but
a few well acquainted with the clashing interests lately at
work have assured us that Lord Fitzroy Somerset is ulti-
mately to be the general commanding-in-chief. This we
state as we have heard it ; but we think that so junior an
officer could not with propriety be placed at the head of the
army, even at the recommendation of the Duke of Welling-
ton.—Naval and Military Gazette.
HOLYWELL POLICE.—On Saturday week, Catherine Ma-
grath was brought before George Roskell, Esq., on a charge
of having stolen £125 in Irish bank notes, and one sovereign,
the property of Miss Jane Brannan, of Woodland Cottage,
near Carlow, Ireland. Miss Brannan stated that she en-
gaged the prisoner as a servant in King-street, Dublin, on
the 30th of July last, and they went to Holywell, and took
lodgings at the house of Mr. Clark, in Greenfield-street,
where she intended to remain for some time, for the purpose
of trying the effects of bathing. On Wednesday, the 10th
instant, she got up at six o'clock in the morning; shortly
afterwards the prisoner absconded, taking with her the sum
of £126 in notes and gold. She (the prosecutor) discovered
her loss immediately, and gave information to William
Cowpland, superintendent of police. Henry Morley, in-
spector in the Liverpool police, stated that the prisoner was
brought to the police-office, in Liverpool, in the custody of
Thomas Dunn, one of the Liverpool police, who had appre-
hended her on the above charge. Morley also produced a
£5O note, of the Bank of Ireland, which was taken from the
prisoner on the night of the 10th instant, in a public-house
in Preston-street, Liverpool, where she had endeavoured to
get it changed. The prisoner confessed that he had stolen
the note from her mistress, the prosecutor. John Jones, a
clerk in the Police-office, Liverpool, stated that he found a
bag underneath a chair where the prisoner was sitting in the
Police-office, which contained £75, in notes of the Bank of
Ireland, which notes Miss Brannan claimed. The prisoner
had nothing to say in her defence, and was commttted to
Flint gaol to take her trial.
LONDON BONE-PICKERS.—The following extraordinary
statements appear in the report " On the Sanatory Condi-
tion of the Working Classes" :—" I made inquiries of the
commissioners of metropolitan police. From returns which
they obtained from their superintendents it appears that of
the class of bone-pickers, mud-rakers, people living on the
produce of dung-heaps in mews, courts, yards, and by-lanes
insufficiently cleansed, 598 are known to the police. From
an observation of the proportion of filthy children and adults
who appear amidst refuse whenever there are new buildings
and an unusual quantity of rubbish, and from other circum-
stance, I believe that, were the refuse of houses daily cast
into the streets in London in the same manner as at Paris,
London would soon have as large and as dangerous a
popu-
lation of the c e onm hff •
er class. I am informed by Sir C.
Shaw, the
chief
commissioner of police at Manchester, that
there are 302 of them known within jurisdiction of
the police
that town also. He complains that they have heretofore
been licensed in their occupation ; that the children
are pilferers, and occupy the
a ttention of the police, and
furnish a large quota to the stock of juvenile delinquents,
and the population of the prisons. I am informed that in
Bath there are about 100 of them known ; and in other towns
and places I have little doubt that they would be found in
like proportions, which approach the proportions of the
stated numbers of chiffonniers to the population of Paris.
These degraded creatures are also found among the inmates
of the workhouses, and the close identity of their habits with
those of the chiffonniers of Paris, affords a striking proof of
the similarity of the population produced by similarity of
circumstances. They are thus described to me by an eye-
witness :—` The bone pickers are the dirtiest of all the in-
mates of our workhouse ; I have seen them take a bone from
a dung-heap and gnaw it while reeking hot with the fermen-
tation of decay. Bones, from which the meat had been cut
raw, and which had still thin stripes of flesh adhering to them,
they scraped carefully with their knives, and put the bits, no
matter how befouled with dirt, into a wallet or pocket appro-
priated to the purpose. They have told me that, whether in
broth or grilled, they were the most savoury dish that could
be imagined. I have not observed that these creatures were
savage, but they were thoroughly debased. Often hardly
human in appearance, they had neither human taste nor sym.
pathies, nor even human sensations, for they revelledin the
filth which is grateful to dogs, and other lower animals, and
and which to our apprehension is redolent only of nausea
and abomination."

A respectable manufacturer in Leeds, on Tuesday last,
received through the post his death warrant, drawn up in
these terms :—" If you don't stop your mill by Wednesday,
your head shall be taken off.—Signed, BLooD."—
Leeds Mercury.
The Bishop of Liandaff has announced his intention of
holding a general ordination in the cathedral church of his
diocese, on Sunday, Sep. 25. Ordinations will be holden at
their respective cathedrals, by the Bishops of Salisbury,
Lincoln, Carlisle, Peterborough, and Exeter, The remaining
ordinations for the year stand as follow :—The Bishop of Ely,
at Ely Cathedral, Nov. 27 ; the Bishop of Winchester, at
Farnham Castle, Dec. 11 ; the Bishop of Oxford, at Christ
Church, Oxford, Dec. 18.

. .
The Castle Hotel at Marlborough is about to be converted
into a public school, intended chifly for the children of the
clergy from the ages of eight to eighteen years, at a very
moderate charge. The Archbishop of Canterbury is to be
the visitor of the new school, and the Bishop of Salisbury
president. The number of scholars will it is said be five
hundred, two- thirds the sons of clergymen, the remainder
of laymen.—Bath Herald.

The premium on gold at Paris is 8 per mille, which, at the
English Mint price of £3 17s. 101 d. per ounce for standard
gold, gives an exchange of 25 35i, and the exchange at Paris
on London at short being 25 55, it follows that gold is 0 78
per emit. dearer in London than in Paris.

By advices from Hamburgh, the price of gold is 433 per
mark, which, at the English Mint price of £3 17s. 104 d. per
ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13
it
9 ; and the
exchange at Hamburgh on London at short being 13 104,
follows that gold is 0.68 Per cent. dearer in London than in
Hamburgh.
Loss OF THE BRIG ULYSSES.—In addition to the parti-
culars of the loss of this vessel, which appeared in our paper
of yesterday, we learn, by a letter received at Lloyd's from
the Foreign Office, to Mr-
Dobson, the secretary, that the
captain, J. Jackson Lakeman, and crew were picked up on
the 4th instant in a very exhausted state, from want of food
and clothing, by a fisherman, who paid every attention that
their helpless condition required, and took them into Ajaccio,
whence, after recruiting their strength, they proceeded to
Corsica, where they arrived, safe, and received the necessary
attention from her Majesty's Consul. It appears that when
picked up by the fisherman's boat they were in a very ex-
tenuated and speechless state, and had they not been, by the
providence of the Almighty, discovered at the time they were,
their sufferings would in a very few hours more have ter-
minated.
EDUCATION OF FARMERS.—Among the many steps now
taking to improve the education of the yeomanry, one of the
most efficient will doubtless be the establishment of schools
in which lads can be taught in a formal manner the principles
on which the business they will afterwards have to follow are
dependent. We cannot pretend to form an opinion of the
success with which such plans will be carried out, so much
depending upon the tact as well as theoretical and practical
knowledge of the directors ; but this we can say with confi-
dence, that they must be a great improvement upon the
manner of educating the sons of farmers. In such schools,
as we remember, the object of the master seemed to be to
keep a lad in the greatest possible ignorance for the longest
possible time; and when he was sent to learn to farm, he
was provided with no kind of elementary knowledge that
could bear upon that kaportant subject, to which all his
energy and talent and capital were to be devoted during the re-
mainder of his life. A mind untrained to habits of reflection is
in the worst possible state to enter upon the great field of ac-
curate observation ; and there is onegreat reason why farming
has made such slow progress, and has become so much a mere
routine. What idea is a young man to form of the diseases of
cattle, who does not even know the meaning of the term animal
physiology ? How is he to understand the circumstances that
of the
general laws that control
method is he to judge of the
at
hfree cgtrhoiws tchr oopfs
p,
af
hh
tea i g
Bn oy r
wa nht a ot
probable value of manures in an entire ignorance of che-
mistry ? And whence can any improvement in the instru-
ments of husbandry be derived, when the first principles of
mechanics are unintelligible ? What ! it will be explained,
must a farmer be a physician, a botanist, a chemist, and an
engineer ? Certainly not ; it cannot be of any real service to
him, as a farmer, to be any of these things. His business is
to be a farmer. But it is highly desirable that he should
understand the general facts connected with these subjects,
so as to understand what he is about. It is the plainest duty
of parents to provide their children with such information
when it can be provided; and we believe the age is enlightened
enough to agree with us. We have no visionary plans. We
have no fancy for Utopian schemes. No one will ever hear
us advocating a system of over-education, which does infi-
nite mischief, putting men out of that station in life in which
it has pleased God to place them. We entirely disclaim
all such sentiments; but it does not therefore follow that
we approve of under-education; in truth, one is as bad as
the other. If a farmer can neither read nor write, he will
certainly be cheated; if he does not learn to ride, be is very
likely to break his neck; if he knows nothing of the practical
business of his farm, he is pretty sure to be imposed upon by
every one around him ; therefore he is taught such things.
But we also submit that if be is ignorant of the causes which
influence his success or failure as a cultivator of the soil, and
is compelled to trust exclusively to such usages and practice
as he may be taught ; if he is driven to work altogether " by
rule of three," he contends with the elements, and directs
his course of husbandry at just as much disadvantage as he
would contend with other things, if he could neither read,
write, cypher, ride, sow, plough, nor reap. What folly it is
to bore country boys with Latin, Greek, and French; to an-
noy them with algebra; and waste their growing energies on
mathematical puzzle; at the certain sacrifice of all that time
which could be so usefully employed in bringing them ac-
quainted with the material objects that surround them ! De-
pend upon it, there is More practical wisdom to be gained
from a block of wood, a horse's hoof, or even a dunghill, than
from all the so-called learning of the schools. Let country
boys remain at their-ordinary schools till they are fourteen,
transfer them to an agricultural school for a couple of years,
and then, when they are sixteen, it is early enough to put
them to learn to be farmers.—Gardener's Chronicle.
INCOME TAx.—A 'correspondent of a London journal
says—" Two friends of mine called upon me to consult about
the returns of incomes they should make ; the one
. relation
it to be his intention to
to the statement subjoined, stated
make a return of his income as being £3OO t‘ year, upon which
I questioned
him as to the amount of his annual realms,
what per centage he got upon those returns ; which he gave
t knowing that the law
allowed follows, having lost sight of or not w
allowed him to make various deductions, whichsa.w clearly
far below £l5O. 1 there-
would reduce his fancied income
according I believe to
fore sat down, and made out for him, . and
his the following debtor and
his most conscientious statement,
creditor uccount
DEDUCTIONS.
ANNUAL RETURNS IN TRADE
£4OOO.
o shopmen's salar at
He stated that he believed Tw salary,
at
. . .
he did not get more than 74 of ditto,
at 12s.
per cent. on those returns, Board
er week 6O
owing to the unwholesome P
at two-thirds„ d
Rent, two- ir 5... 45
competition which had crept
into his line of business. I Parochial and assessed
here charge him with getting taxes
10 per cent., being £4OO. Gas lights necessary for
carrying on business 5
Repairs of premises un-
der repairing lease
Bad debts, the average
of three years .. i 0
Carriage and porterage
of goods
Balance, net profits for
support of family llO
£4OO £4OO
It is to be feared there is an overwhelming majority of our
fellow men and tradesmen in this country, placed in similar
circumstances to my friend here alluded to, who, for the
want of knowing better, will make a return of an income
they

7 never did Possess.

General Wiltshire, Nicholls, from Virginia, at this port; sailed
28th July. On 12th August, in lat. 45 7, long. 32 22, spoke the
Isabella, from Lisbon to Newfoundland, out 12 days. On 22nd
August, exchanged signals with the Rising Sun, hence to the
Gulf of Mexico. On 21st August, at 7 a.m. about 20 miles west of
Cape Clear, saw a three masted steamer standing to the westward.
Gannett, from Barbadoes, at Clyde
Anna Catherina, Roberts, from Nantes, at Milford, and sailed
for Liverpool
_ _

Zenobia, Sutherland, hence at the Cape of Good Hope
Firefly, Holland ; Chase, liaison ; Rowena, Teasdale ; Nora
Creina, Howes; Favourite, Williamson, and Prince of Wales,
hence at Constantinople
Schyryd, Nowlan, sailed from Salonica for Smyrna Ist August

Basses Pyrenees, Lazald, hence at Nantes
Britannia, Proctor, hence for St. Petersburg, off Wick
Wilsons, and Valiant, hence at Deme.tara
CONSTANTIOPLE, Aug. 3.—The Dalmarnock, Johnstone, from
Odessa, arrived here Ist instant, leaky, and must discharge. The
Pasha, Leggett, from Liveroool, got on shore near Tenedos, about
five days since, but was assisted off apparently without material
damage, and arrived here to-day.

VESSELS ENTERED FOR LOADING.

(SINCE OUR LAST PUBLICATION.)

EAST INDIES, CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, 84,c.
Earl Grey, J Bell, 242 Calcutta, T& J Brocklebank
SOUTH AMERICA.
Chimborazo, T White, 429 Lima,
Minerva, D Marr, 252 Pernambuco,

W & J Tyrer
Craig & Co

UNITED STATES.
Springfield, D Roy, 547 Savannah, Watson & Mackenzie
Monticello, J G Lawton, 374 Providence, Baring Brs &Co
Mattakeeset, B Taylor, 457 New Orleans, W H Fitzhugh
North America, A B Lowber, 578 New York, Baring Brs &Co
Nicholas Biddle, D H Truman, 787 New York, G Brown & Co
BRITISH AMERICA.
Rockshire, C Duggan, 563 Quebec and Montreal, T Froste
Hampton, J Graham, 467 Quebec, Glen &Anderson
Acadia, J Younger, 364 Quebec, J Poole & Co
Aberdeen, J Duffey, 560 Quebec, T Froste
Indian Chief, P Sumpton, 492 Montreal, W Fisher & Son

EUROPE.
Magdalena, N Bruning, 100 Amsterdam, Bahr, Behrend & Co
Frederick. Wilhelm IV, C G Zielke, Revel, Bahr, Behrend & Co
Isabel, C Granby, 131 Oporto, J Glynn tv. Son
Charles, J Rickmers, Ostend, • Bahr, Behrend & Co
Horizon, J Green, 222 Narva, Chapman & Willis
Orinoco, J M Guerra, 174 Angostnra, J Barbour & Co
Rambler, G Hayes, 110 Beirut and Alexandretta,
Wilkin & Co or J Moss & Co
Alchymist, E Scollay, 275 Constantinople, Chapman & Willis
Sabina, P Tadd, 96 Dora, Bahr, Behrend & Co
Dahlia, J Burlinson, 291 Cronstadt, C G Weber
Grecian Daughter, D Price, 90 Dordt, A Coghill
Wm, Aarris, J Luly, jun. 93 Genoa and Leghorn, J Moss & Co
Diana, T Morrison, 105 Leghorn, J G White
Victory, D Thomas, 124 Lisbon, Vianna & Jones
Boyne, Marshall, 240 Almeira, Chapman & Willis
l'hilomene, J D Christens, 120 Antwerp, Bahr, Behrend & Co

MANCHESTER CORN EXCHANGE, AUGUST 23.
Our market to-day has been characterised by the same feeling
which actuated our merchants and manufacturers last Tuesday.
We had rather more buyers in town, but their prices are limited
on account of the disturbed state of the districts. In every in-
stance, however, where sales were made, advanced rates were
obtained, especially in qualities suitable for home consumption.
In Yarns an improvement was also observable. The feeling which
prevailed on 'Change to-day was highly satisfactory, and, notwith-
standing the lamentable state of the manufacturing districts, the
greatest confidence seemed to prevail. The number of hands who
have resumed work is exceedingly small, but little doubt is en-
tertained that in a few days nearly the whole of the mills will be in
full work. There seems to be a feeling in Manchester in favour of
an advance of wages in some departments, more especially the
card-room hands and power-loom weavers. How far this desire
will be realised time alone can tell.