The Statesman.
London, England, 1814-09-09 00:00:00

um-
REPORT
OF THE COMMITTEH OF THE HOUSE OF COM-
MONS, ON THE SUBJECT OF THE CORN LAWS.
•

kaowledge, and the emirate llMinima
havekept their farming accounts. 0a this part ..
the sabject, it is very material to box is mind, that
sway of these witnesses, who are eery extensively
employed as surveyors and land -agents in the letting
of estates, all concur in stating, that the calcalin;
Ulm upon which they have proceeded for some years
been below '

•
this kingdom ?--Certainly
wesie."
mtidence of Mr. Charles FrederkkHormings,
a Elbing, locally acquainted with the dis-
trivia of Poland, from whichlhe corn is sent to the
ports of the Baltic for exportation, and himself a
core-factor of considerable experience hi London,
t of Mr. Scott on this
foreign corn. -
important inferences, are to
, That in the event
should be admitted
from 83 to 80s.
'argument, the
the protection-of
would in no de*
from. fore*
,rrn in this king;.
crop. And, 2d,
a price in the
altogether in.
British grower,
.4 Importation of
interfere to check
Parsee, the growth
adequate to her
only occasionally, when
.hat auky consider.
atcount in the
dry, haring-bean
;tensirely dependent
has borne mirage
Ask the
by those of the
.case, even in the
tZtr eorroborateil by a ilfOrnirited, to your Committee by Mei Jobe
.0.
ir ISP ; ,by,hick it ,appeees,, that, an the 17th-of
ikey last, the.pricei of • wheatlat Clantsie thasrirout
41860 to t. 380 per last, seeking, &tithe thenentimege
A London of 14:156.a price fit about 2ii Vaao4.
qoarter

In taking into their consideration the mi.._
oobject referred to them by the House, they have
proceeded, in the first place, to examine into the
state of the gro' Corn
camstances which
regulate the importatiol
duties payable ti
time, with a ref(
to the espence
appeared to y(
must necessaril
sideration of the
Under this
'have turned their
Ist. The recent
agriculture of .
id. The present Cl;
the rent :
3d. The price
On the first
to be established
the last twenty
progress has
United Kingdo'
bavebeen ski',
to the improved
alto
forior pastor.
defining ated
'Which have been
thation :—that
to the sitancimportary
in their infancy _
ward state, do not yet make and return fee the large
advances which bare been laid out open them ; and tha,
Skun advances in masy.instonFea, will be a total IWO
to the parties (involving aim to to the nation'
of be en.

l' Yoer Committee. hastiti( iteiollP settlitstlfe
principal result of their.
1,-own agriculture, and da. _ ..!*bid arta
bitZft the growth and price. of pia iii. ~ . 1 •
doen ; it remain* for thesalbt;" ''f
; - - -
_ .

. .
the produce, whichleitifet,gtears might ......n , ;it rem......- _ . opea ,
petted from such expenel,Midmitakings), if, from '.14 a like manner, the substaace.lite ae— . . which pr. ; but that, on the 3d of June; whenitist
the want of a suffigisnt, ewciatrfigemeat to coutinue they ban proctored rapes.* tiliggsode 46 forr-.01 change upon London had risen to 18-12, the pia,
'them, they should baiOntpdpeed in their present en- mots; which seems neforeliirgmforte the second sod of Dentaic wheat irhasediitely followed it; eo. that,
'finished state. wily remaining branch of this important sahjesti as Motwithstauding this great linprovement of the ex.
It is to the stimulus of this ancourepmenti during:, far u it stands referred to the consideration of your 1 Osage in favour of this country, the priceszt.whicit
last twenty years, more titan toasty other cause, i Committee. . • . . wheat could be purchased by a bill upon London re.
.'t till the witnesses ascribe the greet encrease rbkh They have, in the firstslace, to express their re. mined nearly Wag* viz. f. 370 to f. 390 pee last;
?
as tatter' placein the aangal produce of our soil, and gret at, not having been able to procure any informs-1 or 21. 10s. Bd.per alnetter. •. " iwt,;sik., 't , ,
tlifelale rapid extension of the improved system of lion respecting the expence of raising corn loffinign 1 If this coentry, either fro= pear Oftvsmeessitr,
Igfr husbandry; a system,whickit is stated by them, countries; but, although their endeavours - 'have I should continue to depend air the ileport of foreign
,bas originated in, and can only be maintained by ! failed is this respect, year Committee have collected corn for the subsistence of a portion of its: popila.
large additions to the Nosing capital of the king. such evidence, on other points, as appearsto them . tine, it is obvious, from all the evidence, that the
dote. 'fee great source of this encouragement, in I very important for the due consideration of the Corn Baltic is the only part of Europe •apon which we
the judgment of your,Consmittee, is to be traced to i Laws. can rely for a steady and regular supply ;-..that Spain
the encreasing population autgrowing opulence of I It appears from the statement of Mr. Scott, a Mum. or Portugal are more or less our habitual compoti.
the United Kingdom; bet ,it is. .also not to be con. her of your Committee, confirmed by the evidence ton in that market; end that France resorts to it
reeled, that these causes, which they trust will be of 1 of other witnesses acquainted with the trade kaki.. occasionally, when Itee 'awn hornet ist'sielitiente-a.
.a permanent and proves/be nature, have been inch, reign corn, that, in the countries borderinc on thel Occasionally, alsov the Governemet ref Frame ape
ifewelly hut considerably aided by those eventssi Baltic and the North Sea, wheat is grown, not so peers to permit the exportation Of. a pubetof her own
a hick, during the continuance of the war, operated ; much for the consumption of their own population i produce, but only for a limited time, Mid whether
to check the importation of foreign corn. The sod. i (which is supplied by rye' and other inferior grain) ! own markets art very much depressed.. This, them;
den removal of these impediments appears to have ;as for a foreign market:—that, from Poland in per. • fore, is a resource ehich cannot Ise recitontCopOn ,
Created, among the occupiers of land, I whin de. ticular, the greatest part of the wheat snootily pro- by .all habitually importing country. It, may .be '
free of alarm, which, if not allayed, would tend, duced, is retrularly sent down to the shipping forthcoming when least wantedpilleld withheld artlie
fit the opinion of the witnesses examined by your ports of the Baltic.for exportation ; and that theft memesit of our greatest need. ~,,ri, .., . • .
pommittee, oat only to prevent the enclosure and . are the only ports of Borneo is which the Cossaw it is is. fees. not undeserving emattentios of the
Jaeltivation of great tracts of land still lying waste .! tries not growing wheat iittough for their own routM ese, that-a considerable ekety appears to Ye. levied
Vid inproduedie, but the to counteract- the spirit , "mention can resort, with.* tertuinty of procuring on all corn exported from the Baltic. Your. Coln.
of iniprovemeutin other quarters, and to- check its an-annual supply.' In these ports it appears, from mittee have reason to believe, that tbisAnty has
kiingeess upon lands already ender tillage. , the evidence, that the pries of wheat is not regulated, berg greatly increased on some occesinne, when the
(a.)—With respect to the second point, " the es. as it is in countries where it forms the habitual sub. we Its of this country were most.pressinv indeed it
Nome of cultivation, including the rent," it is stabod , eistence of the people, by the state of the housefl'''. cannot escape observation, that regattas being 'the
by all the evidence, that, within the same period et; set; but almost entirely by the demand its the other object far which a duty is imposed ; and-the pried;
twenty years the money rent of land, taken upon an , countries of Europe, which are in the habit of making in the Baltic being governed by price here, the male
average, has been doubled ; but if the value of the large purchases in the Baltic :—that the market price of such a duty admits of being increase& in pro Pore
rent be measured by the proportion which it bears to of wheat at Denteic, for instance, is not so much don to the degree of scarcity and consequent high
the gross produce of the land, it appears to have very ' affected by the abundance or deficiency of the crop price existing in this country. . V I
considerably diminished within the period in ques. in Poland, where, be the enantity more or less, it , From a consideration of this and rite many other
tion : the landlords' share of the whole produce of is grown for esportation' as it is by the price in the incouvlbniences, both domestic and political, whichs
estates occupied by tenants, having been twenty years markets of London or Lisbon. It is therefore oh- ,in a country like this, cannot fail to grow out of
ago about ono-third, and tieing now calculated at no i violist that, if the prices in these and the other im.. a state o haitual and extensive dependence no .0
mote than from one-fourth to one-fifth. With respect ' porting markets should be very low, the price lu the supply 4 foreign corn, your Committee have great
to the amount of capital requisite for the stocking of ports of the Baltic mast fall to meet them ; conse- . satisfaction in observing, that of late the export of
a farm, and the general expences of management and' qeently there is scarcely any price in our own mar- , corn from Great Britain and Ireland has nearly, if
cultivation, there appears to be very little difference , ket, which, under circumstances of a general ahem- -not folly, balanced the importation. Looking to this
lit the evidence. They are stated to be at least i dance is the other parts of Europe, would be soffi- important change, in our situation ;to the alma&
double what they were 90 years ago. 1 ciently low to prevent an importation of corn from ance which we now enjoy ; and to the great and ex.
Without pretending to oter to. the !loose any these foreign parts at which a considerable supply is tensive improvement made in cultivation bothhere
-statement by which they might he enabled to form ant annually accumulated for exportation only. The and in Ireland, your Committee cannot but indulge&
opinion, how mach of this increase of charge has ' evidence of Mr. Scott, on this point, appears to hope that we have nearly arrived at that state, is
been produced by increased taxation ; your Com. , your Committee to be so material, and his knowledge which nothing bat a discouragment and consequent
mittee have thought it not unconnected with this and experience give se much weight to that evidence, falling off of our own agriculture can again drive us
part of their enquiry, to call for an account of the that they cannot forbear inserting it.—lt is as fol. Ito the necessity of trusting to large importations of
total amount of tales received into the Exchequer, lows:— !foreign corn, except in unfortunate seasons, when it
in the several years ended the sth of April, 1791, 66 Supposing the growth of wheat in this kingdom ' may be necessary to resort to this resource, to supply
1804, and 1814; which will be found in the Ap- to be below an average crop, do you think that any ; the deficiency of our own harvest.
fondle. 1 importation that could be reckoned upon from the I Should this expectatioa be confirmed, as they trout it Will, by
(3.)—On the-third point, " the price necessary to Baltic, would prevent the price of wheat in the .me experieoce of future years, it will he highly Evatifying to the
remunerate the grower of corn," it is obvious that it home market from rising above 80s. a quarter ?—I : view which your Committee take of this important national can-
:atilt be almost impossible to arriv.. at any very pre- think not." tarn. They are convinced that a reliance on foreign imports.
else conclusion ; and that this price will vary ac- "Do you think, that importation from other clear- ! doe, to a large autimat;is neither salatazdarbalste for thfis noun-
-cording to the variations of soil, markets, skill, and I ten aiding that from the Baltic, would produce that ;Seca
a !lensr to whitchs tbe ;eo le issierabehmy o otheblig the segi
to look toriasv
industry in the occupier, and many other circum.l effect ?—Uoless under circumstances of a g
-eneral i to submit, daring the late long and aLapasiesitakiiisia hive
stances affecting differently not only different dig- ' 'bandages In the countries not habitually exporting beets materially ailevisted if their newt 4,o,ogedidled bid been
tricts, but different farms in the same district. At cora, I think not." ' less &pendent on foreign growth. if, compelled by the fro-
'the same time, there can be ito doubt that these cir- " Supposing the price of wheat in England to be goad recurrence oftbese sat:tikes and privetions,the countryhis
•Curastonces are taken into consideration, both by 635. a quarter, and a general abundance in Europe, 'at last made exertions which-will enable oaf seder ordinary dr-
„those who let, and those who take farms ; and that' do you think that a considerable importation could ; enmstances, to bold ourselves independent of the precarious aiti
;heir calculations of charges and outgoings on the i take place into this country ?—I do." I of foreign sappie,—your Committee, without weetaring to
one hand, and of return on the other, are made I "Do you think it could at any price below 635., ' gat the mode, cannot doubt that it will become the wisdom,anded
_with a reference to some given price, as that which, ; supposing the duty not to counteract such imports-: wilt conseeect aeutlytbe the policy ofteParlliamotaeinnt,oifn not the one
hand,
upon a fair average crop, would be necessary to re.; tion ?—lt is difficult to state what price would be sof- by
present sealedi its exertiea and ma
produce; and on the °this.;
munerate the grower. It is this price which your ficiently low to prevent an importation from those , ci;usisteniir with ihi. Ana object, to aford the greatest possible
Committee have endeavoured to ascertain. parts that annually have a considerable quantity toi facility and indocement to the import of foreign corn, when.
Otte of the witnesses examined by your Co- spare." I ever, from adverse mamas, .h . meek artier own growth shall be
mare states, that, according to the calculations! " Under the circumstances above stated, would emu trodequete to the rooseeptian of the Usited /C.ingdore. 1
which he has made of the espeoces and produce i not such an importation tend materially to depress Aa connected with the general interests of trade—ven isle.'
upon a farm which he occupies, he is of opinion ; the home market, even though the prices were . rill."'"
__lkpfstevaeiltiereanttt=tis of
eeem
ntrilionally su)iritfaroaardo.awne.
that, wheat being at 725. per quarter, the growers ofi low as 635. per wiarter 2—Undoubtedly." sages ter.beemolag a deposit for foreign corn. pearrses 171;an only he
corn would be able to live ; but this calculation, be 1 66 YOU have stated, that no importation that could waft so by our allowing
ee .ro thea free.it imainurtagomf grain,a to hr. Itrunl,. ed
odds, is made on the supposition that the Property be reckoned upon would prevent the price of corn, in , ;eaaiwelateges. „are iius&Ai.:„..o rii..ll duty, and and mach the owners of
Tax will be taken off, and the price of labour in. the home market, from rising above 80i. in the event I grain so hooded bele. permitted. at all times, and fug all
duced. , of our own growth being bedew an average crop; i circernsmaces, to take t ut the warehouse:, either4llm
portation or for home coesuranune t subject, in the latter ease,
It is the-concurrent opinion of most of the other now do you think that, in the event of the protecting .•,„,iy co or sane „g„, „d. does to may be applicable to
witnesses, that 805. per quarter is the lowest pries i
pr.ee against importation beiag reised from. 635. to I. !l_synrother cot: lair, len.
111"1*"d‘ r . f4r
et Attr itgl""seort.ance-
which would afford to the British grower an ado- 80s. the quantity of corn imported would be dimi- ! Your amosaiee, drat they .a.Zoit" Laclede
tot
repent without
qoate remuneration. Their evidence is inserted at Dished one single bushel, in the event of our own . ow* thAr 6,,igies,_4—iiit sel,ellenaragement which could ea-
sare.to th)seori:ry_tbebeartliel bec.o.ning. . the plum of inter...
ieugth in the minutes, and their names will be found growth being any thing below an average crop I— :
ammo= aeposo tp_tnevase nr. corn Treat tar north to the sleill
to include many of the most eminent surveyors and Certainly not." a Ilfarope, woos'. lo additisto•to other very important advan.
laird-agents from different parts of Great Britain, as 44. On the other hand, were a large importation to tare. bade meltitestea_treir teoteeosolpvtiees osoreurirgH/ .
I
well as some persons who have been long and very take place, such as you have stated under certain twee,
permeas4irt•iallage
relfeeigel inet seep
re mait'e
of
our
popub,
- - when thz PAM is at ea stem, eau be desired against She greets et a delicisat harvest. 1

extensively engaged in the corn trade, and several
ccupiers of laud distinguished for tl:eir practical

_
circumstances may happea,
below 635., would not the effect be to discourage

a 4.1004.-
-.; t..

.._

-

THE STATESMAN:
gob they i tbsgrewth of wheat in t

'
rowth of Corn at home, and the cis- have in no instance beenbelow 130 s. a quarter ; sad is is substance the same u that of Mr.
hich affect the same. The laws which that'they have frequently exceeded that price. important part of the trade in foreign c
importation of Foreign Coro, and the Several other witnesses, equally distinguished for _ Two she's's., bet very important Joie
thereupon, having been altered from their knowledge *ad experience in matters connected 'be &sited *Ma this evidence: lit, Tin
reference to these circumstances, and with the letting of estates end the agricaltere of the at then , which foreign core ghoul
e of raising Corn in this country, it country, state, thatthe price of 80s. a gutter will to I duty free being raised fr
your Committee that such an enquiry net affords sulacieut protection to the British grower. per caster *sowing, for the sake Of
ily precede, and form part of any coo!, The evidence and calculations which they have given latter ttelse this price necessary for the
he trade in Foreign Corn. - to the Committee, will elute found in die "pea- the gritieh grower), this alteration we
first head, therefore, your Committee die; by a reference to which It will appear; Meet op. glee cheek .the importation of corn
heir attention to the following points:— vent prices, from 84,. op-to 965. have been state. spy —., .., viblessiver-the quantity. growl
cent estension and improvement of the different witnesses, as the Lowest which, ander.kbe d .•, , • -8e .below an 'average cro
the United Kingdom: - present charges and expel, iewalculation, would ,''" : . certain circumstances, t
esent expends of Cultivatiot6 including afford a fair remunerat**, the grower. • . : already so low as to be
It` may be proper to ',metes that these latter cal- , i .lbe• rerniaeration of thd I
ice necessary tempt:utile. the grower. carillons appear, is most instances, to be furnished might lief hi fertber depressed by en I
it point, it appears 7q' by witnesses, whose attention end evanesce have foreign . Blithe law should not lets
ihed by all the evideate—;;lhat, within been principally directed to districts toweististg chielly sech imPielation.
iv years, a very rapid and extensive -Wf cold clay, or waste and isferioe lauds, me which . le Felece, it appears by the evident
been made in the agriculture of the wheat ruusuo4 be grown bvi.at.nevexpeice ezceelliag, of wheats le, in emotion yen, fully a
dom : —=t hat great additional capitals ' the aeoeiriaiowola-, Of its eialtrafloa oil better .soils. : r.onoomptiou,; and lost it. Is eat, .cleeo
ilfully and successfully applied, not only Os ; , ,
.. illiiiKetian; however, 'a Ivey coo- I her oww harvest is WWI, •tegdieet, thin
ed management of lands alreet) •Illerr ,
) to the converting Pr istia,.....Et
to, - kii.O..-iamil444lolra :A.U.W4N- Witi4-110444t4U.,.tbe the contrail
, into productive limbic, rit; te, ild • • iiiollllftel tie} .wot:l4 far many years Jur-many pairs habitually aodeatensit
including of (muscat) -at treete, ibe otiretti Ave Si posture; mid that the loss on a forAgi; supply, oui.demend has
eon brought, into^iiite pgatt, cid• 1110 • sPloratt to tOit OCCUPiaIi 149 to a proportion to, that of other coon
tat many extensive enter: , , digected . the gertivelstiak o tuitional ifithetaisiteoesseld be i Ihtiticorices are principally governed
At
mportant objects, are some of them still very snit. . . -(. „:./..e . I,6rilishlearketd That.this to the .cast
icy :—that others, though in a NOM for- • ' . , •.. ....ier.: P , . •• i 144 . t 411 NM tr year, it is:ntnno
.doginn nor
. _.. I. v___r•_—_:.,— 1.--sl.-.,a.de. I.l.filaik:Airiiiii Abu tower- furnished .to your Committee

ISMlllllllll.lllllllronvir
WESTMINSTRIC
L.
ta, in the preceding
ith the love of justice,
rich Judges, exposing
, combating their pre.
red, their 46 glories:
I am going to men-
tame literary knight.
ured innocence, cun. .
idable enemy.
lone to death by slab.
thrblind prejudices
lorist of St. 0-ner's—
old blood like GRAY.
lawmen ; no, -he was
:e of a powerful cabal
pid irur.rAtue, wield-
genius, void' shielded
enlisted himself as a
est, in which he ex-
)erseterance:- •
ess of his -Own goad
onviction 11MALLIell
VOLVAIKE to tindee;
ious a toteh.* LALLY,
ildicherry to the Eng.
a gag in ili, mouth.—
re that 'this to con 7
Mit as (hey ohookkbmp,
to deaPotism, belie
lndigtttition.
- It was' ,
sciAt't enemies feared
from his dying lips
Dugh the labyrinth of
pliingea the popular
discovery of troth. '
difficult and cOmpli.
st him near sir years::
he dying' tat.t,V, had
fed them,_ sitiuld halm
1 he could do ills. 6410
'feral's son, the. t.c4iit
It • last established the
in it regular jpridical
the mind a variety of
t its order.
have to trues anyitioing
reen the cat'of Gen.
; but it is impossible
el, not to ()Wien!, that
eztetiordinari *kale •