The Statesman.
London, England, 1823-10-16 00:00:00

THE STATESMAN.

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tides, imprisonments, exile, and persecution of every
description. The amnesty of the King of Portugal, bas
filled the prisons with the suspected victims of despotism :
—and the amnesty of Ferdinand will have similar
characteristics of royal mercy, and royal justice.
The Regency has been continued in its power, until the
King reaches Madrid. Already we are informed that the
sentence of Riego has been pronounced, and probably the
first act of Ferdinand, on his arrival at Madrid, will be the
sacrifice of this gallant soldier. General Vigo, in contempt
of an express stipulation that he should be the prisoner of
the French army, to whom he surrendered at Corunna,
has been seized by the soldiers of the Faith, and thrown
into a dungeln, to be dealt with also as one of the authors
of the revolution. Of Quiroga we yet hear nothing ; and
we trust that he has effected his escape from Cadiz, and
saved Ferdinand one crime io the black catalogue
of the offences of his hypocritical life. The contrast between
the moderation of a revolution, completed without shed-
ding one drop of blood ; and the restoration of a tyrant, by
the sacrifice of thousands of unoffending lives, will soon be
apparent ; and the Ultras of this country may illuminate
their houses on the re-establishment of the Holy Inquisition
which, if not the work of their hands, is the effect of their
sufferanre. One thing in the behaviour of Ferdinand
pleases us. When that wretched, base, and foolish traitor
to the Constitution, Ballasteros, was introduced to
him, he would not look at the silly scoundrel, who
held the fate of his country, and his own ho-
nour, and sold both to the invaders
Ballasteros requ!sted a private interview, in the hope of '
whining himself into the good graces of the liberated
despot ; but this was refused him. lie was made to feel
that contempt was the only reward of a treason, the ad-
vantages of which had been gained. Its author was no
longer needed ; awl was only an object of hatred, and of
scorn. Such ever be the reward of villainy f May Morino,
d'Abisbal, and all the half sold wretches, who attempt to
I steer a midd:e course, meet with the same fate. And it is
hi lily probable they will ;—fur even Ferdinand cannot
value the services of men, who have sold themselves
to a foreign invader. The fate of Mina, Milan.,
Itoten, and I.loberas, we would hope is yet in their
' own hands. Submission would be certain death ; and their
country may yet want them for a third, and more successful
revolution. Capitulation to the French, affords no better
security ; for it is certain that if Ferdinand required them,
they would be given up to his vengeance. Unless, there.
I fore, they can secure a retreat, it were better for them to die
with arms in their hands, and fall in the midst of their
enemies—than be exposed to the studied tortures of super-
stitions fanatics, or to the brutal rage of an ignorant popu-
Ine. To maintain the war in Catalonia alone, is beyond
the chance of probability, unless those who are averse to
the establishment of a despotism should rise in other quar-
ters, of which there is little hope, until the French troops
are withdrawn.

The private soldiers of the Madrid and Seville Militia,
who, to the last evinced a readiness to sacrifice their lives
in defenceof the constitution, have received passports to re-
turn to their homes, on pain of being treated as rebels.—
But how many of them will reach their homes ? Tbey have
to pass through the exulting Bands of the Faith ;and unarm-
ed, exposed to insult, and to assassination, but few can be
expected to survive to give Ferdinand any future cause of
fear. Why was not some attempt made to place these
soldiers, who have to blush mere for their leaders than
fur themselves, under the command of Al ina ? Some of the"
more daring, may perhaps yet find their way to Catalonia,
where the contest is not yet ended. It would seem that
Mina has neither idea of surrender, nor fear of being subdu-
ed ! for he has declared that if !Cep be sacrificed, the
li ecs of a French Lieutenant (ieneral,uf a number of superior
officers, and of two Bishops, who are in his power, shall be
the atonement. He is known to be a man, whose word is
not given inject ; and should he keep it in this instance,
the world would applaud it as an act of just retributive re-
venge.

Accounts from Constantinople of the middle of last month,
state that the appearance of Lord Byron in the waters of
the Morea has occupied the Divan very much as well as
the public of the capital.
Letters were received yesterday from Buenos Ayres, dated
the 31st of uly, which state that the convention with Spain
had been duly ratified by the Congress. and that Commis-
sioners had bt en sent to Tucuman, Chili, and Peru, to in-
duce those States to accede to its conditions.

Letters were yesterday received, by the way of Guernsey.
from Rio dr Janeiro, to the l.ith of August, being a few
days latm than those brought by the packet. They, how-
ever, ccntain no particular news. The Royal Commissioner
Paolino, sent out with overtures by the King of Portugal,
subsequent to the late ch at Lisbon, had been coin.
polled to go on board a vessel in the harbour, to escape
from the tury of the populace.

The Rerrt of the Select Committee appointed to inquire
Into the coadition of the poor of Ireland, with a view to
facilitate the application of the funds of individuals for the
employment of productive labour, has just been pt hard.—
The Committee rernark,that the tranquil state of the North
of Ireland, where the linen manufacture is esteitlished,
and in those distticts of the South where it bus been intro-
duced, affords a proof 4f the immediate connection existing
between employment and peace and the want of it and
turbulence. The peasantry ti.emselves manifest every w betel!
great anxiety for labour, so that those remaining unemployed
is not attributable to any want of will on their part. The
Report touches on what seems viewed as the chief cause
of the want of employment—the excessive population.—
" Various causes (they say) have been referred to, by the
witnesses exa.nined before your Committee, as being suffi-
cient to account for the want of employment in lrelen.l.
Perhaps the nearest cause may be traced to the rapid in-
crease of the population. In the year 1695, the population
was calculated to be 1,034,102; in 1731.2,010,221 ; in 1791,
4,200,000 ; in 115114, 5,400.0110 ; and in 1621, nearly
17,000,000. The productions of industry have not increased
in the saute ratio, and the command for labour has consi
derahly diminished, if compared with the number of
persons seeking for employment." To counteract the
evils lamented, the Committee have suggested rather pal-
latives than remedies. As to political remedies they are
silent.

The Lora Chancellor has heaped places in such qnantity
upon one of his lavoaCtes, it requires a Ciir to carry thew.