The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-08-26 00:00:00

ARRIVAL OP TO GREAT WESTPRN.

This fine, and as the editornf the New York Jerald calls
her, " good 'old-fashioned, teteady-going steanur," arrived
in the Mersey, from New Ycvrk, on Wednesdar afternoon,
about two o'clock. She was very confidently enoected about
the period when she made her appearance, and may have
been said to have kept time with exact punctually. She put
out from the wharf, at New York, at two o'clocl in the after-
noon of the 11th instant, annid a storm of thunder and
lightning, and against a strong east wind. On the second
day this increased' to a gale, arid during no less than seven
days of her passage, she had to contend with easterly winds
and a heavy sea. In the face of these difficuties, however,
she made Holyhead by eight o'clock on Weinesday ,morn-
ing, and completed the whole passage, being her fiftieth
voyage across the Atlantic, in thirteen days. She has brought
about seventy passengers, a lint of whom is elsewhere.
Amongst the passengers, was M. de Bacourt, recentiy the
French minister at Washington, who returns to Europe to
recruit his health, and Mr. Ricardo, the tanker, who has
been in the States considering tlier state of tie stocks. It is
said that the latter returns chagrined and disappointed, as
Mississippi refuse to pay her debts, and Congress declines
to assume them. "He will," says the New York Herald,

" give melancholy accounts to his friends inEngland."
The previous arrival at Cowes, nf the Belgium Steamer,
British Queen, with advices to the 7th instant, had already
put us in possession of intelligece o f the final terrmination of
Lord Ashburton's negotiations. From tbe papers brought
by the Great Western, we learn that a treaty or treaties
(it is generally believed that ther e are two) between the
United States and Great Britain, b y Lord Ashburton and
the Secretary of the American Stages, had been signed on
Tuesday the 9th instant.
The annexed pargraph, which was published on the 10th in
the Madisonian, the official paper of the executive depart-
ment, was the only entirely authent is notification of the act

that bad appeared.
" THE TREATY.—We understand,' from authentic sources,
that one or more treaties were signec l this day at the Depart-
ment of State, by the Secretary o 1: State and the British
Minister Extraordinary.'
It is, as we have before observed, surmised that there are
two treaties, one relating to the bound aries ; the other adjust-
ing the other points formerly in dis pute and lately in dis-
cussion. Of course the cases of the (;aroline and Creole are
included in one or other of the treatie s. It is stated by the
New York American, that in the C aroline case apology is
made by Great Britain, to which other informants add indem-
nification. As regards the Creole as 3it is said no money is
to be paid, but that certain stipulat ions are made for the
future. An article in the treaty is said to be the renunciation,
by Great Britain, of the practice of imi gressment on board of
American ships. It was not doubted i n any quarter that the
Senate, to whom the treaties were tt be immediately sub-
mitted would promptly ratify them. 4 copies of the treaties
were to be sent home by the Great We stern.
Lord Ashburton was expected at New York, and his
arrival was looked forward to with ;mat interest. The
settlement of the points in dispute had given extreme satis-
faction. Great preparations were m akin; by numerous
individuals of the highest respectabilit y for giving a grand
fete to his lordship, in celebration of the satisfactory manner
in which he had brought the important 1 negotiations between
the two countries to a termination.

The new Tariff Bill, which had passed the Senate, was, in
accordance with the general anticipation, vetoed by President
Tyler, on Tuesday, the 9th instant, the same day on which
the treaty between the United States a nd this country was
signed. The message conveying the ch 'termination of the
President, is the fourth veto message whi ch that functionary
bas sent to the Congress. The President : objects principally
to the combination of provisions for distr. ibuting the proceeds
of public lands in a bill for raising revent le, in which bill the
duties are placed so high as to defeat the object in view,
while the two objects are totally incon matible with each
other. The news appears to have been received generally,
with extreme pleasure, though many mi m of business de-
plored the immediate effects of the measto re in the depressed
state of the markets. The question most commonly mooted
was, what the majority of the Congress a could do when the
labour of eight months had thus been rem lered futile. The
President at the conclusion of his message calls on them to
re-consider the matter, and his desire is, e vidently that they
should frame a bill unclogged by the prov, isions for innova-
tions in the compromise and distributio n acts. It was
believed by some, that the Cabinet would immediately
resign, while others thought the Congress s would at once
adjourn, leaving the financial affairs of the government in a
state of extreme difficulty. The future new; s from Washing-
ton was looked for with great anxiety.
The effect of the veto upon business, wi tlich was before
dull, had been to produce a complete stagnati 'on. The Stock
Market was greatly depressed, and State Stocks were offered
at rapidly declining prices. Operations in tl to market were
not frequent, and when they occurred the y were chiefly
owing to some temporary demand to fulfil col itracts.
From all quarters accounts had been receive dof the abund-
ance of the grain crops. "We shall be out in our reckon-
ing," says the New York American, " if, bet are the month
of November, flour be not as low in this mat ket as in 1826.
New Wheat is selling at Rochester, in this Sta te, from 90 to
95 cents per bushel; but this price must fall a 's soon as the
western wheats, hardly yet thrashed begin to al rrive."
The cotton crop, it was said, promised to :ceed any be-
fore gathered. The estimates carry up the whe de produce of
the cotton growing states this year to two and a half millions
of bales.
The operations in exchange, per the Great' Western, had
been extremely limited. The rates were, on En gland 61 to 7
per cent. premium for sterling bills. Bill on , Paris were at
sf. 40 to 5 37i.
Freights to Liverpool for cotton bad slight ly advanced.
For round bales 3-16 d had been obtained.
The news of the satisfactory results of Lord , kshburton's
negotiation had caused great rejoicing in Can ada. Lady
Bagot and family had arrived at Montreal. Th e Montreal
Herald says a great proportion of the recently-a rrived emi-
grants were wandering about the streets pennyless, and house-
less, without the means or-possibility of procurini ; work.
The advices from Texas, which are to the 27th July, state
that the congress had adjourned on the 23d, 04 3 president
having on the preceding day vetoed the bill for auti thorising a
defensive war against Mexico. Notwithstanding this, pre-
parations were actually making for hostilities ; a body of ar
1000 men, by whom Texas had been invaded, w ere to be
promptly met and a battle was anticipated. D.leanwhile
Mexico. Arista and Santa Anna, were arrayed agt tinst each
other and the country was in a state of intestine wt tr.

HOW A "LIBERAL" MAGISTRACY ST( )P, OR,
RATHER, DO NOT STOP, A RIOT. .

Ont ungust, a:large meeting wal 3 held on
mtra
resolutions were passel !, to the
nSmdmaynnr the, nitthwohfilu
effect that there should be a general and compulsor y cessa-
tion of labour in Ashton-under-Lyne and its neighb ourhood
t
on the nest day ; and that on the day following (1 'uesday)he turn-outs should march to Manchester for the / ,urpose,
not only of forcibly stopping all descriptions of labs ur, but
also of visiting the exchange, and, as the speaker ex, pressed
it "of teaching the merchants how to give better pr. ices for
goods."
The resolutions passed at the meeting on Mottrata Moor,
and the execution of that portion of them which ret sted to
the neighbourhood of Ashton-under-Lyne, were well known
in Manchester about noon on Monday; we heard c .f them
before three o'clock ; and we have good reason for be lieving
that they were communicated to the police authoritie sat or
before that time.
, a large meeting vra 3 held
morning was again dist !timed
it
no OMA nsahotthcnielnee.snvt eennrdieonrog.
Ashton-under-Lyne,
theen e,
as:
followingmw ehidcahy
the intention of ma rching
and affirmed ; and it was perfectly notorious to almost every
upon
thousands,f their e
Manchester,
g uar ,
assembled
not
id n y
Ao
only
hnptlenyrns
person in Ashton and its neighbourhood.
But, notwithstanding these palpable warnings, by vhich
the civil and military authorities in Manchester ong ht to a
n agyve
t o
and been , aim )c,
their un ne Tues-
day,
noovnnns t
wing
intention of putting an entire stop to labour, but c;Ar rying
that intention into effect as they proceeded along th e two
s e several
departedepr au t t
roads leading to this town.—Manchester Guardian.

[We only marvel after this that the cottonocracy ai It I their
magistrates did not dispatch a band of music to escort
the rioters to the scene of their triumph.—Ed. L. S

PECUNIARY CRISIS IN AMERICA.

The following letter presents a remarkably vivid and. true
picture of the financial situation of the United States at ;the
present time :
" NEW YORK, Aun. 7.—The cry of ' Hard times 'h as
not been so loud for many years as it is at the present t e.
The rich, as well as the poor, feel deeply the general de pre 3-
sion which prevails throughout the country. Merck ant 3,
mechanics, and operatives, from the highest to the lo we ;t
classes, are struggling against the disasters which have. re
tle• °
cently come upon the nation in rapid succession, red • git
from an artificial prosperity to a state of bankruptcy an d
ruin. The facilities for obtaining large loans in Eng lan d
upon nominal securities have been for several years past 't so
easy, the ruinous system of granting long credits in eves
branch of trade, and the rapidity with which fortunes hal.ye
been made in speculations, have all tended to make the pea -
p
pie believe that the nation was really in a more pros erati s
condition than any other on the face of the globe. This belie f
led naturally to an extravagance in everything, which socta I
reached from one circle to another, till all classes found that
their expenditures were far greater in amount than their in-
comes. Large debts baying been unnecessarily contracted
abroad pay-day came round, and the merchants of the Atlantic
cities attempted to collect their dues from the merchants of the
interior states ; and when they in turn called upon their nu-
merous debtors, to their astonishment they found that few
or no collections could be made! The effect of this reached.
the. Atlantic merchant, and swept onward to the English. •
manufacturer. The same system and its effects will apply -1
to the contractors for gloat stete improveloetii, to '
which loans were obtained, principally in England, to-
enormous amounts, and with astonishing facility ; these im-
provements were unecessary, because the natural trade of
the country would not warrant them. The inevitable result.
of such wild schemes is now two well known—too sadly:
known by the English creditor—to require any further re--
mark. Ten of the best states owe at this time, in round
numbers, 150,000,000 dols. ; at the present average value of 6
the stocks they are worth in the market about half that sum !
and from present appearances, in a few months, they will_
not probably be worth one-quarter of the gross amount !
" The political horizon is dark and gloomy. The govern-•
ment is reduced to the pitiful necessity of sending brokers.
from one city to another to obtain sufficient funds to keep
the wheels of its offices in motion; but, unable to find these
funds at home, she sends her agents abroad ; her pride may
be brought yet lower by receiving a refusal from England to
render further assistance. England ought to refuse her, and
it is to be hoped that she will, for it will have the effect of
teaching this nation a great moral lesson, which will stand
out in living characters beyond the present generation. The
nation deserves to be made thus humble; her haughty pride
pawnbroker's
is r re-
luctantly .
and boastful tones deserve to be subdued ; she has been
wickedly wasteful, extravagant, and careless, and now she
must suffer for her follies, and her sufferings must be deeply
felt to be remembered. Finding that she can no longer sus-
ythand thousands navy, reduce
ds of her
sus-
tain her credit at home or abroad, and that her reputation is
far gone, she stands like one desperate
door offering her trinkets for the most they will bring, and
in such a questionable shape !
,
ot
he
meantimeat a
she
tlhucetpana;lyofcohmerpeplluedblitcoocffiuctedrso: isvdnheehraarrgrne
subordinates, and clip all her expenses as close as possible.
And this the first step of reform, which ought to have been
made long ago. Well it is that the people-are following her
example—not from any merit of their own, but from com-
pulsion. It is well. It will teach them economy and hu-
mility, and it will make them wise for the future. The peo-
ple as well as the government, are now going through a fiery
ordeal that will try them severely, and they all appear to be
sensible of it. While the nation and the people have passed
this critical stage, real prosperity, gradual and enduring, will
return. How dearly purchased are the great lessons of every
age !" Times of Wednesday.

DARING OUTRAGE AND MURDER.—On the evening of
Wednesday, the 10th instant, as an offending Protestant,
named Mercer, was on his way home from the market of
Aughnacloy, to his residence at Glenkean, about three miles
from that town, he was attacked by a party of Roman Ca-
tholics, and beaten so severely that he died on Tuesday last.
Previomusotooreh!
jsusdteicae of thhtihsedpeepaocseis who issued a warrant fortions !were taken by Mr.
Hugh
the apprehension of two men, whom the deceased identified;
both of whom have absconded. The police are making
every exertion to apprehend the offenders. It is rarely that
a deed of blood such as this occurs in the peaceable county
of Tyrone.—Derry Sentinel.