The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-07-08 00:00:00

TIPPERARY SPECIAL COMMISSION,

On Friday, the Chief Justice passed sentence of death
upon Patrick Byrne, for the murder of Mr. Hall, and upon
Timothy Woods, for the murder of Michael Laffan. On the
following day, Cornelius Flynn, Patrick Dwyer, Michael
Hughes and John Pound, were indicted for shooting with in-
tent to disable. The Lord Chief Justice, in passing sen-
tence, said—lt was now his painful duty to pronounce upon
them severally and respectively the punishment which the
law and the court awarded against them, for the crimes of
which they had been convicted. These crimes were one and
all of them of no ordinary enormity—they were crimes which,
in point of morals, involved the atrocious guilt of murder ;
and if it had pleased God to spare their souls from the pollu-
tion of that offence, the court could not still shut its eyes to
the fact, that although death had not ensued in consequence
of the crimes of which they had been found guilty, yet it was
not owing to their forbearance that such a dreadful crime had
not been perpetrated. The prisoner Michael Hughes had
been convicted of firing a guu at a person of the name of
John Ryan (Luke) ; his horse had been killed, and no one
could say that the balls were not intended for the prosecutor
himself. The prisoner had fired one shot himself, and then
called on his companion in guilt to discharge another. One
of these shots killed Ryan's mare, and it was by the mercy
of God that the life of the prisoner had not become forfeited
by his own act. The next culprit was John Pound, who was
equally guilty of the intended outrage perpetrated on the life
of au unoffending individual, that individual a female, sur-
rounded by her children. five or six in uumber, with a com-
plete carelessness to the probable consequences, while she and
and her family were going or had gone to bed The contents
of a gun were discharged through the door, which entered the
panel in three different places. The deaths resulting from this
act might have been extensive, but it was not a matter of any
moment how many were deprived of life. The woman had
just risen from her prayers, preparing herself to sleep under
the protection of that arm which would shield the child and

protect the innocent, when she was wounded. As to Cor-

Delius Flynn and Patrick Dwyer, they likewise were the
subjects of similar imputations and similar observations.
There was a very slight difference between them, but not
such as to amount to any real distinction. They had gone
upon a common illegal purpose to the house of a respect-
able individual, for the purpose of interfering with the domestic
arrangements he thought fit to make. They had no sort of
right to interfere with the disposition of a man's affairs ; and
what would be the consequence if the reverse were to be held?
No imputation had ever been made upon the gentleman whose
house wasvisited, but he was desired to dismiss another, under
the pains and penalties of death, although that other was not a
retained servant, but a friend who had come to Mr. Hogan on
a visit. Because this visitor used sometimes to inspect the men
at work, the lawless edict issued that he should be put away.
Good God, to what extent did the prisoners, and such mis-
guided men intend to carry out their objects? Where was
their dictation to cease ? and they, and those in a similar
rank, to take upon themselves to regulate how many and
what men a farmer should take into his employment? Were
they to be the judges whether a servant had discharged his
duty to his principal ? or was it because a visitor happened to
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penalties of death ? His lordship, e
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guilt of the prisoners in this case—the last two persons con-
victed, Thomas Stapleton and Thomas Gleeson—said their
case was so recently before the public, that it was suf-
ficient to say they were morally guilty of what might
be considered wilful and deliberate murder. Murder was
most awful, because it could only be suggested by de-
liberate malice, and the act of the prisoners was the result
of that base, malicious, and diabolical disposition. What
was the cause of resentment against the unfortunate
man who had been shot at, and so desperately wounded ?
Why he had dared to comply with the wishes of a just land-
lord, and because the landlord' for the benefit of his tenantry,
proposed that the farms should be squared, those who acqui-
esced in his wishes were to be equally the victims of the
assassin. What were the facts in this case ? The two priso-
ners at the bar, Stapleton and Gleeson, sprung out at the
man as he was leaving work, placed him upon his knees, and
without giving him a moment of preparation, commenced
the work of blood, intending deliberately to despatch that
not necessary
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the whole of the proceedings were solemn and impressive in
the extreme. The commission is likely to prove extremely
beneficial in its results on the future tranquility of the
country.

OLD RAGS.—It appears that six hundred paper mills in
the United States annually consume rags, old canvas, rope,
&c. out of which paper is made, to the enormous sum of six
millions eight hundred thousand doallrs ! an amount greater
than the entire exports of the thirteen American colonies i 0
years ago.—Jamaica Dispatch.
EXPENSE OF THE CANADIAN INSURRECTION.—Amongst
the parliamentary papers just issued is the following :
" Estimate of the further amount that will probably be re-
quired for the year ending 31st March, 1843, to defray the
expenses of the service in Canada, consequent upon the
late insurrection in that colony. For pay, clothing, &c. of
militia, and volunteers, £lOB,OOO.
GRAVE OF SIR WALTER SCOTT.—A correspondent who,
the other day, paid a visit to the grave of the late Sir Walter
Scott at Dryburgh Abbey, expresses regret at not finding it
marked out either by horisontal or head-stone, or any mark-
ing on the wall, to indicate the resting-place of the mortal re-
mains of the great magician of the north. Not even a turf is
spread on his grave or that of his lady.
Their Majesties the King and Queen of the Belgians,
attended by the countess de Merode, Baron de Dieskaw, and
M. de Moerkerke, left Buckingham Palace at seven o'clock
on Tuesday Morning, for Woolwich, to embark in a steam
packet for Ostend. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of
Kent had previously arrived at. Buckingham Palace from her
residence, Clarence House, to take leave of her august
relatives.

HAMBURG, JULY I.—The Senate has given notice that it
has resolved, according to the prescribed form, to order a
general fast, on account of 'the late calamitous fire, and
that it has fixed the 7th July for that purpose. A. general
collection in the churches is to be made, the produce of
which is to go towards the re-building of the churches of St.
Nicholas and St. Peter's. The Exchange and the Bank are
to be closed, and no bills protested on that day.
COLONIAL BISHOPS.—The following clergymen have been
nominated to the newly-formed colonial bishoprics :—The
Rev. John Russell Nixon, M.A., late fellow of St. John's
College, Oxford, to the bishoprick of Van Diemen's Land ;
the Rev. Thomas Parry, late fellow of Balliol College,
Oxford, to the bishopric of Barbadoes ; the Rev. John Da-
vies, M.A., to the bishopric of Antigua; the Rev. William
Piercy Austin, M.A. to the bishopric of Guiano. The name
of the bishop-elect of Brunswick is not yet announced.
On Monday morning a respectable middle-aged gentleman
hired a young waterman, of the name of Alexander Black -
shaw, at Picke Herring-stoirs, to row him to London-bridge-
stairs, when about the middle of the river, opposite the
Tower, he suddenly threw himself over the side of the boat
into the river, and before any assistance could be rendered
be sunk close by the side of a tier of shipping, and, from the
strength of the current, the body was carried away.
A NEW COIN.—A nondescript species of coin has been
shown us this week, received by Messrs. Sparrow and Co.,
the bankers, in Chelmsford, with a large number of the new
issue of half-sovereigns, from the Bank of England. It is of
gold, and is of the size and weight of a half-sovereign : on
one side it bears the impress of the head of our Queen, and
on the reverse, instead of the Royal arms, the word " Six-
pence," with the wreath, is stamped. It is considered a cu-
riosity, and it is supposed to have originated in some acci-
dental exchange of dies at the Royal Mint.—Essex paper.
A letter from Perm, in the German papers, states that a
dreadful fire burst out lately in the salt work of Nowo. Ussal
in Russia, the ancient property of the Strogonoff family.
The flames first appeared in the house of one of the workmen,
and communicating almost immediately to some hay gained
such head that it was impossible to master them. The con-
flagation lasted three days, and reduced to ashes everything
within a range of two and a half verstes (nearly two miles.)
A great number of salt pits in wood and stone, all the manu-
factories, 15 stores filled with:salt, 30,000 cordes of wood,
the ancient and majestic cathedral, the stone dwellings, and
offices of the various employtfs between 500 and 600 houses,
and all that they contained, fell a prey to the flames.
IMPORTANT TO THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.—In the
Court of Queen's Bench, on Thursday, an action was tried
which was brought by a sur;eon and phrsician, named Little,
residing in Finsbury-square, against a tradesman named
Oldaker, to recover £26, for attendance during seven or
eight weeks. Mr. Petersdorff, upon the part of the defen-
dant, submitted that the plaintiff, as a physician, was incom-
petent in law to sustain an action for compensation for any
services rendered by him in the medical character. Lord
Denman told the jury that if they did not think that the
mere fact of a man's beloming a physician disentitled him in
law to recover compensation for services rendered as a sur-
geon, seeing that if he were a surgeon only, and not a phy-
sician, he would be clearly entitled to sustain such an action.
The jury, after some consultation, found a verdict for the
plaintiff.—Damages, £l5, 15s.
RAILWAYS.—The number of railways for which acts of
parliament have been obtained, and which are now in pro-
gress or completed, amounts to seventy-two. Of these, no
awe than thirty-eight are as yet in receipt of income. The
amount of paid-up capital had reached, at the beginning of last
year, the sum of £48,000,000. Since that period many com-
panies have found it necessary to increase their capital, to the
amount, on the aggregate, it may be safely said, of 12,000,000;
making an actual expenditure of £60,000,000, exclusive of
bond debts and mortgages, which, by the various acts of
parliament, the proprietors are entitled to take up, in the
proportion of one-third of their actual capital. Some idea
may be formed, from this statement, of the enormous amount
of revenue which will eventually be derived.; from these un-
dertakings, and the extraordinary influence which they may
be expected to exercise upon the future prosperity of the
country.
The following curious statement is given by the France,
as the produce of accurate calculation. A single centime
placed out at, 5 Per cent. compound interest on the birth
Of CHRIST,
produced
in 1840 a sum which
may be said would have
tebe beyond all our numerical terms, being no
less than 9,734,462,222,222,222,222,222,222,222,222,222,222.
There are no other means of forming an idea of the value
of this enormous sum than by comparing it to some immense
mass, such as the globe of the earth. This volume of matter
is equal to 107,923,580,000,000,000,000 cubic metres. A cubic
metre equals ],OOO kilogs• of water,. consequently the earth
must weigh upon an average of 106923,580,000,000,000,000
kilogrammes. As gold is twenty times the weight of
water, the same mass of metal (gold) would weigh
2,158,471,600,000,000,000,000,000,000 kilogrammes. The
kilogramme of gold is worth about 3,500 francs—there-
fore the weight of the earth in gold would be worth about
75,346,506,000,000,000,000.000,000,000 francs. On dividing
by this sum the thirty-seven figures first above given it will
be found that they equal about 130,000,000 of times the size
of the earth in gold.
STRANGE DISCOVERY.—On Sunday last, a boy, named
Patient, of Duton-hill, was crossing a wood called Handleys,
in the parish of Great Easton, and was about to pull a twig,
when by the removal of the branches, he discovered a dead
body. Terrified by the sight, he repaired to the village, and
informed polic-constable Ixor, who immediately went to the
spot, and found the body as described. With the exception
of a small fragment of a shirt, it was divested of all clothing,
and from its advanced state of decomposition, and from the
havoc the vermin had made upon it, the body presented a
frightful spectacle. It remains to be ascertained by some
medical man whether it is a male or female. The police are
in possession of the corpse, on the spot where it was found,
awaiting the coroner's arrival. From the circumstance of a
hat. the lining of which was nearly out, having been found
within 200 yards of the spot on the morning after Duton-hill
fair, six weeks ago, coupled with that of the nudity of the
corpse, it is feared that violence was the cause of death ; but,
as no one from the neighbourhood is known to have been
missing, the probability is that it was a stranger. This mys-
terious aflair has excited so much curiosity, that hundreds of
persons in the vicinity visited the wood during the day.—
Essex Herald

BRITISH ASSOCIATION.-9n Wednesday, the concluding
general meeting of the committee was held, Sir T. Brisbane
in the chair. Mr. Murchison read the report of the coun-
cil, which recommended as officers of the ensuing year—
President, the Earl of posse; Vice-Presidents, the Earl of
Listowel, Viscount Adair, M.P., Sir Wm. Hamilton, and
Dr. Robertson of Armagh ; and Secretaries, Professor Ste-
velley of Belfast, Rev. Mr. Larson, Dublin, and Mr. Kina-
han of Cork. On the proposal of the Marquis of Northamp-
ton, supported by Sir J. Hamilton, these names were ap-
proved of. It was also resolved, on the proposal of Mr.
Murchison, that the next meeting should be held at Cork in
July next. Mr. John Taylor, the general treasurer, stated
the amounts of tickets delivered, and the money received, at
the present meeting. There had been present 301 whole life
and seventy-five annual members ; 102 new life and 314 an-
nual members, and twenty-five foreign members. There had
also been issued thirty-three tickets for persons attending the
meetings only, and 331 for ladies. The total amount of
money received had been £2032, including £B9 from the an-
nual members, £BlO from new life members, £768 from new
annual members, £331 from ladies' tickets, and £33 from
persons attending the lectures. From the sale of books, and
other sources, it was expected that this sum would be raised
to £2lOO. The old officers of the society having been re-
elected, the meeting adjourned.

OPERATIC CHITCHAT.—Fanny Elssler, who has been
running a career of money-getting and popularity in the Uni-
ted States, had taken a birth in the Washington steamer
from New York, and is expected in London this week. The

mission of the celebrated danseuese is to form a ballet comps
nv to return with her to America: Rachel, after fulfillin
_ _

her 'engagements at her Majesty's Theatre, will proceed
direct to St. Petersburgh, where she will no doubt receive an
amplitude of the substantial favours bestowed on all sueh

artistes as are fortunate enough to attract the notice of the
Imperial Czar, by whom she has been specially invited. Of

. ,
the company engaged at that leviathah establishment, the
Italian Opera, several parties are in formation for provin-
cial tours, after its fashionable portals are closed for the dull
recess. Cerito will revisit-Manchester and Liverpool, where
her success was so great; and it is said that the sweet voice
of Grisi will, after her accouchement, which is now daily
expected, first be beard in modern Athens.
_She will be ac-

companied by the Lablaches and Mario, and it will be the
first journey of the celebrated vocalists acrossthe Tweed.
Persiani and Moltini will take different routes. Madame

Frezzolini's engagement at her Majesty's Theatre terminates
next week, when she will leave for Italy. Poggi remains
until the end of the season. Liberal overtures have been
made by M. Darwoy to Lubini to sing at Paris next season,
to which it is said the great tenor was not unwilling to listen,
but demanded a change in the administration of the Theatre
Italien which could not be yeilded. Liszt is in Paris, and

intends to come to London in the rs eof the present month.
He has given serious umbrage to our hot-headed neighbours
by having composed music to a song against the French
nation which has been recently sung at Berlin.
LORD ELDON AND THE NEW POOR-LAW.—You will re-
member, Sir, that the friends of the new system vauntingly
prophecied, " That the New Poor-Law would elevate the
moral and physical condition of the working classes ; that it
would raise their wages, and gradually extinguish pauperism
—give security to property, unite the rich and the poor in
one bond of union, and prove the strongest bulwark of the
state." All this was loudly proclaimed by those who had
secretly conspired " to reduce the people of England to live
'on a coarser sort of food !" I bad very frequent conversa-
tions with Lord Eldon on the New Poor Law ; of course I
cannot recollect all the expressions which be used, and which
I ought not to quote unless I could state them correctly, but
I remember perfectly well that he said to me, and with great
energy, "It is the most infamous law that ever was enacted
in any Christian country." He also said, and these words
were quoted in the House of Lords, "If the parlia-
ment will not do its duty, the people must do theirs." And
also, as I mentioned in a former letter to you, "Nothing
can be done till the country is ready for it, which it soon
will be." He spoke very freely on the subject—apparently,
without any reserve. He was very infirm. When I urged
his lordship to oppose the bill in the House of Lords, he
said, " I can do no good now—l have withdrawn from the
House of Lords. It is sure to pass, for now-a-days they
will pass anything." That venerable nobleman and learned
lawyer assured me, that " the New Foor-Law was unconsti-
tutional ; that there was no authority lodged in the legisla-
ture to pass such a bill, nor any constitutional power, when
it was passed, to enforce it. If matters have come to this,"
said
his lordship, " a convention should be called."—Fleet
Papers.

SURGICAL OPERATION.—MichaeI Griffin, who had been
for a few days in the County Infirmary suffering agony from
a tumour growing from the bottom of the orbit, has been
successfully operated upon by Dr. Crumpe. The eye was
protruding from the socket, and vision lost for several years.
On making an incision and trying to remove the tumour, it
was found so connected with the ball of the eye and optic
nerve, that Dr. Crumpe was obliged to remove the eye, to-
gether with the entire tumour, which was as large as a wall-
nut, and surrounded by a strong capsule. The man is now
perfectly free from pain and dangerous symptoms.—Kerry
Post.

THE COMMUNION AT FERINTOSH.—The celebration of
the communion in this parish took place on Sabbath last
and attracted greater numbers even than usual. The Gaelic
congregation on Sunday must have numbered from 10,000 to
11,000, and the Church where the English service is perfor-
med was crowded to excess. The situation for the tent or
outpreaching is particularly suitable for hearing. The tent
is erected in a small glen or valley, on each side of which the
people seat themselves, or are perched, in the form of an
amphitheatre. The sound consequently ascends to the au-
dience and is not drowned or taken away. Close to a tent
a rivulet gurgles through the valley, and by the sides of the
stream the tables are placed. From these upwards, the con-
gregatinn accommodate themselves, and a more picturesque
and truly grand scene cannot be imagined than the tout en-
semble, particularly during the time of prayer, and the sing-
ing of the Psalms. The Gaeleic Psalmody is peculiarly sub-
lime. A wild melody pervades the simple lay as it dies away
in the lower, or swells in the higher, cadences, which equally
transports the mind; and as the thousands stand uncovered,
with the canopy of heaven above, re-echoing the animated
fervent petitions of the preacher between them and their all
powerful and all-merciful Father, the effect is in the highest
degree solemn and inspiring. The behaviour of the people,
too, is devout, and it is evident from the general demeanour
that no trivial purpose has collected so many human beings
to worship their maker. The sacraments at Ferintosh may
be really viewed as a pilgrimage without its superstition.
Many from near as well as remote parishes think that there
a more sanctified intercourse may be vouchsafed, and in
consequence a vast concourse assembles. This state of
things is, no doubt, mainly induced by the genius and piety
of the respected pastor of the parish, the Rev. Mr. Macdo-
nald, who may be denominated the Chalmers of the High-
lands. We refer particularly to Mr. Macdonald's preaching
in the Gaelic language, which is alike redolent with eloquence
and pathos,—.Rosshire Advertiser.

,Obtpping intelligetur