The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-03-01 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE

CHINA AND INDIA

By an extraordinary despatch from Marseilles, The Times
was enabled to publish, on Saturday, news from India to the
9th January, inclusive. A merchant steamer, which left
Bombay for Suez on the oth, brought an Indian mail, which
was conveyed from Alexandria to Marseilles by the Gorgon
packet, where it was landed on the night of the 22d instant.
The only intelligence from China is the announcement that
the British troops have taken,Mangknowfow.
From Affghanistan the latest news is of the sth of Decem-
ber. Col. M`Laren, who was sent to relieve General Sir IL
Sale, had failed in opening a way to him, so that his position
was exceedingly dangerous. He was still surrounded by
Affghan hordes. There was a formidable renewal of the at-
tempt to cut off the British troops, but the assailants had
the worst of it. _

On the 27th ult. the new protestant bishop of Palestine
made his public entry into the city of Jerusalem. his lord-
ship was well received by the authorities, who appeared to
entertain the greatest veneration for his venerable character.

MEDITERRANEAN

We have received advices from Beyrout of the first inst.,
giving a full account of the changes lately introduced by the
Seraskier in the government of Mount Lebanon. The dis-
position of the Emir Beschir was resolved upon at a secret
Divan, held on the 15th, under the presidency of Mustafa
Pasha. The Emir was arrested immediately afterwards, de-
prived of the Nishan Itikar, or insignia of his authority,
and, finally shipped in the Misri Bahri steamer for Constan-
tinople on the 18th. Omer Pasha, who was appointed
Governor of Lebanon in his stead,left Bryrout for Deil-el-
Kamar on the 16th, with 1,000 men, but he had not proceeded
beyond that town at the date of our last letters. Colonel
Rose returned on the Ist to Beyrout, from Jaffa, in the
Devastation, which sailed on the next day for Alexandria.

According to intelligence from Athens of the 10th ul-
timo. the National Bank commenced operations on the 3rd.
The Government had been for some time endeavouring to
collect funds to pay the interest of the loan, and had taken
up for the purpose 500,000 drachmas, constituting the reserve
of the War-office and various sums belonging to other de-
partments. M. Mavrocordato bad accepted the embassy to
Constantinople. The return to. Athens of M. Theocaris,
who had been specially sent for by the King, was considered
by many as the forerunner of the formation of a new Cabinet.

COLONIAL _INTELLIGENCE.

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE

By an arrival from the Cape of Good Hope we have Gra-
ham's-town papers to the 18th, and Cape Gazettes to the
20th, December. They contain very little news. The wheat
crops in the neighbourhood of the Kat river, Winterburg,
&c., promised to yield a❑ abundant harvest, notwithstanding
the locusts had, in several places, caused some destruction.
The rust had been less prevalent this year. The Caffie tribes
were troublesome to the border farmers, whose list of " irre-
claimable" cattle were increasing weekly for presentment to
the magistrates. Nothing whatever is mentioned in these
papers-of the occupation of Natalia by our troops, although
the governor's proclamation had been out some time.

UNITED STATES

The George Washington, Captain Burrows, which sailed
from New York on the Bth February, arrived here on Satur-
day forenoon. We have received by her the city papers to
the day of sailing, and Canada journals to the 31st January.
In the Senate, on the 4th ult., Mr. Calhoun made a pro-
position to refer to the Committee on Foreign Relations the
message of the President on the mutiny and murder by the
slaves on board the Creole, and the liberation of those slaves
by the British authorities in Nassau, New Providence. He
considered that prompt action on this subject was necessary,
as it involved important principles, paramount to any of
those which are now the subjects of negotiation between the
United States' Government and Great Britain. The mes-
sage was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.
The House of Representatives had been almost wholly en-
grossed by the debates arising out of the motion for a vote of
censure on Mr. John Quincy Adams, for having presented
an objectionable petition to the House. Mr. Adams was de-
fending himself vigorously and ably. He was in possession
of " the floor" at the date of the latest accounts from
Washington.
The Philadelphia banks remained in the state they were in
at the date of the previous accounts. Considerable distrust
was felt after the failures of the Girard and Pennsylvanian
banks : hence money was exceedingly plentiful in private
hands, which hesitated to invest it in stocks or to deposit it
in banks. The Legislature of Pennsylvania, which was in
session at Harrisburg, had before it a bill compelling the
banks of the State to resume each payments immediately.
Several clauses had passed the House of Representatives by
large majorities. The Governor of the State of Pennsylva-
nia had, it is stated, succeeded in obtaining nearly 400,000
dollars from the Pennsylvaniaßank, which, together with
100,000 dollars in possession of the State Treasurer, had been
paid to the loanholders and their representatives,- leaving
300,000 dollars to be provided by the other banks, under a
requisition from the Governor. " Thus," says the Harris-
burg Intelligencer, " the State interest will be paid in a
few days."
The case of Mr. Jaudon was still before the Court of Ge-
neral Sessions. Witnesses had been examined in support of
the charge of conspiracy to defraud the stockholders of the
United States Bank.
The Bankruptcy Law had gone into operation. The ap-
plications for the benefits of the law were numerous in the
principal cities. A New York editor, who had been a great
advocate for thelaw, was amongst the first applicants.
The accounts for Texas are to the 24th ult. The Texans
were still under apprehensions of an attack from Mexico.
Extensive preparations were making to repel it. A bill had
been introduced into the Senate, directing the president to
open the negotiations for annexing the republic to the
United States. An act to fund the debt had passed that
body. The government had been authorised to issue 150,000
dollars in exchange bills.
Congress had passed a bill repudiating Texas liabilities
after the Ist of February. The old bonds or notes of the
republic were not after that date to be taken in payment of
government dues.
The brig Cumberland, 54 days from Monte Video, had
arrived at New York. The captain reported that an ac-
tion had been fought on.the 12th of December, between the
Buenos Ayrean and M'onte Videan fleets. The result had
not been ascertained at the time of her sailing; but it was
supposed to have been in favour of the Monte Videan squa-
dron. The firing, which lasted two hours, was heard at
Monte Video.

_
Lima papers to the 16th of December had been received
at New York. Gamarra, who was in the south of Peru, had
sent an order to Lopera for the troops that were in the city ;
but Lafuente and Menezden refused to obey the order, be-
cause they apprehended a revolution if the troops left the
city. There had been three or four attempts to assassinate
Sir James Wilson, her Britannic Majesty's envoy, which had
caused a great sensation throughout the Peruvian republic.
It was generally believed that the infamous attempts were at
the instigation of General Lafuente.
The Pique frigate, from Portsmouth, had arrived at Ber-
muda. Several fatal cases of smallpox had occurred during
the voyage.

The New York money market, at the latest date, was in a
depressed condition, without the chance of recovery. Sales
of all descriptions of American securities were pressed for-
ward, regardless of the sacrifice the seller must submit to
compared with recent quotations, the great apparent desire
being to get rid of them. There was no price for United
States' Bank shares, nor had there been for some days prior
to the sailing of the packet.
A New York cotton circular, after speaking of the state of
trade in that staple, which it characterizes as declining, rates
having fallen A to 4 cent per pound since the close of Decem-
ber, gives the receipts for 1842 as 693,584 bales, showing an
increase of 108,417 bales as compared with the receipts in
1841 ; the exports are stated at 373,977 bales, also showing
an increase of 93,519 bales as compared with the exports of
1841; while the stock, which is given of 258,584 bales, shows
an increase of 56,222 bales. The excess in exports to France
had been 66,878 bales, but to England only 23,575 bales.
Notwithstanding this, the purchases on English account were
most active. The present year's crop promised to be large

MESSRS. MARSHALL, THE MILLOCRATS OF
LEEDS AND SHREWSBURY, AND THE AGRI-
CULTURAL INTEREST.
(From the Shropshire Conservative.)
It is really extraordinary—how far beyond the bounds of
common sense, and simple reason, impudence will go, and
how much delusion may be practised on the public mind, by
those who possess a tolerable quantum of brass in their
visages, and loud declarations, with leaden tongues, from
senseless craniums. This is the case with the firm of Mar-
shells, the factory slave-drivers of Leeds and this horough.
These gentlemen profess liberal! principles, announce them-
selves the friends of the poor, and denounce the corn laws
as a great oppression—and compare the burdens of the ma-
nufacturers with the land, stating the former to be insuffera-
ble. What is the fact ? Facts are stubborn things—and, as
one instance is as good as a hundred, let us show, in the case
of these very Marshalls, how oppression works. Marshall's
factory in this town, has been clearing, for the last 25 years,
a profit averaging £B,OOO per annum, and the last rate of the
factory, to the poor of the parish of Saint Mary's, was £528
—while on the other hand, Mr. Gough, farmer, of Gravel
Hill, residing in the same parish, is rated to the poor, for
the same space of time, £1,000! Where is the light burden
of the farmer here? We have no doubt, Mr. Gough would
be satisfied with one-eighth of the profit obtained by the
factory owners, although he pays 100 per cent. more to the
poor. What are the wages allowed by Messrs. Marshall to
grown-up women, 24 years of age or more, at the factory?
Why this kind, liberal, anti-corn law firm, actually pay Gs.
per week, the hours of work from half-past five in the morn-
ing till eight o'clock at night—and more, if any of the factory
people (who have to come from the top of the building)
should be absent, from necessity, more than five minutes,
four-pence is stopped for the time lost—yes, four-pence for
five minutes is but 4s. an hour, and yet the work is only paid
for as we have stated. Upon a fair calculation, after rent is
paid, and scanty clothing, say for both 2s. per week, these
poor wretches have only, to provide them with food and
firing, six-pence three farthings per day ! Could not these
millionares give rather more than paupers receive for out-
door relief? when granted. Have the Marshalls, at any
time, contribated one six-pence to any of the town charities?
A town the factory has burdened with the expense of pau-
pers, increasing the poor rates, &c. There is not in Shrews-
bury, a vestige of charity bestowed by these grinders of the
poor—no refuge for age, after long services—or for those
crippled at the mill. Oh, no, but these are liberal gentle-
men! It is high time the poor-rate was levied in the form of
a property tax—then the taxation would fall on the right
shoulders.

THE POWER OF CONSCIENCE.—About 18 years ago the
body of a man was found bruised, cut, and mangled in Pit-
tencrief Quarry, near Dunfermline, as if he had fallen over
the precipice in the dark and had been killed. The body
was recognized to be that of a man named Stewart, a homer
in the town. It was known that he had been watching the
churchyard the night previous, along with some other persons
—his sister having been lately buried—and, as on such occa-
sions spirits were never wanting, it was thought that the
party had quarrelled, and that the homer had met with foul
play. An investigation took place at the time, from which,
however, nothing resulted, and doubt and mystery have
hitherto enveloped the whole transaction. Within these few
days an individual has returned from America or the West
Indies, whither he had gone shortly after the,horner's death;
and he has returned, he says, impelled by the never-ceasing
accusings of his conscience to divulge to the authorites here
his having been a witness to the manner in which the un-
fortunate Stewart met his death. He states that he saw the
dead body brought out of the town house, where the watch-
men spent the night, after a dreadful scuffle within, and ter-
rible cries, and that the body was rolled and kicked about
the street. It would be improper to publish more at present,
as doubts are entertained of the sanity of the witness, and
some of the parties are now dead ; but we doubt not the
matter will meet with all due attention from the legal autho-
rities.—Fifeshire Journal.
THE LATE COACH ROBRERY.—Two men and a woman
have been apprehended as having been concerned in stealing
the £2OOO, sent by Messrs. Cunliffes, Brook and Co., ban-
kers, from Manchester to Bury. No direct evidence has
been yet adduced against the prisoners, and they were
remanded until to-morrow (Wednesday.)

The inhabitants of Birmirig
ham have petitioned parliament
to reduce the new police, and to relieve them from the charter
of incorporation, which boon of whiggism they call a " great
grievance "!