The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-11-28 00:00:00

Chambers' Journal. London : Chambers

The part for November of this highly-popular
periodical contains Mr. W. Chambers' concluding
letter on " Things as they are in America." His
former letters contained chiefly descriptions of
what he saw, but in this he enters into some ge-
neral observations which are well entitled to at-
tentive perusal. With much that he finds to praise
he does not scruple to blame, and while he alludes
to the slavery in the South as the great plague-
spot on American civilisation—tending to the ulti-
mate dismemberment of the Union—he also points
to the contemptuous exclusion of coloured races in
the North as a social evil equally blameable. A
ced, entitled " Maretimo," by

new story is eomr.

Bayle St

Much promises to prov

interest-

he usual selection of enter-
articles by which Chant-
ains its long established-repu-

nstructiv

lrts. 1

ipaftion : an Illustrated Magazine
Literature, Criticism, and the Fine
n and Liverpool : W. S. Orr and Co.

-page and contents tc
It is a cheap, elegant

genuil

gooa t

of family reading.
high character in a
p periodicals of the

periority to most of

which have -presidedov

itustra

tions, too, have been in all respects of a most
creditable order; and now that the volume has been

tatiOn of that firm wl

Iprint it bears

Hogg's Instructor
The intellectual character of this pe
sustained by the varied and interesting contents of
the November number. Like most of the preceding
parts, it embraces critical articles of merit, and is
enriched by a liberal contribution of original papers,
sentimental and descriptive. Hogg is admirably
suited for the family circle. being instructive with-

Edinburgh : James Hogg

NE W

The Dreams of You

MUSIC

)dical is well

' words by W. J. Rob-

son, music by W. Cherry ; " Sweet-remembered
Music," words by J. E. Carpenter, music by Ste-
phen Glover ; " Speak gently," music by Miss
Lindsay ; " Excelsior,'' music by Miss Lindsay.
The four preceding ballads are good specimens of
the style and general effects aimed at by their
respective authors and composers. Miss Lindsay's
are, as usual, marked by delicacy and sweetness
happily combined with expression ; the melodies
are simple and beautiful, and they are finely suited
to the family social circle. Of Mr. Glover's melody
it is only requisite to say, that it embraces the
usual characteristics of his composition, gramma-
tical rhythm, and correctly-denoted musical expres-
sion, accompanied by sweetness and power. Mr.
Cherry's ballad music is also very pleasing. These
four very seasonable pieces are published by the
well-known musical firm of R. Cocks and Co.—

" Tilleard's Church Services and Anthems," No. 3 ;
and " The Briton's Address to the Navy," with
words by Charles Dibdin, are also seasonable to the
time. The first, being a well-arranged set of the
splendidly-devotional " Christmas Hymn." The
second is one of the stirring ditties which rouse to
martial deeds. These two latter pieces are from the
cheap musical press of J. A. Novello, of which they
are good and creditable specimens.

VARIETIES

THE TusuLlß B.
the " bridge of the

—The earliest tubular bridge—

The lady who went up stairs to change her mind, has
not yet come down again!

THE Providence Transcript says there is a lady so
aristocratic
,that she refuses to take a newspaper, because
it is made of rags.
To IMPROVE TEA.—M. Soyer recommends housekeepers
to place the teapot with the dry tea in it upon the hob for
a little while before making. This plan certainly improves
both strength and flavour. Rain water, when pure, is the
best for making all infusions, including tea, of course ;
since the solvent powers of water are great in proportion
to its freedom from earthy salts.

A MODEL SPEECH.— George W. Snow, having been
unanimously re-elected City Clerk of Bangor, made a speech
to the electors. He said, " Gentlemen—You have given
me all your votes, and I will give you my thanks. I accept
the office, and wish you to accept the thanks." It is
understood that both parties were satisfied, and nobody
yawned over the speech.
NATIVE LANGUAGE.—The following rich scene recently
occurred in an American court of justice between the
judge and a Dutch witness all the way from Rotterdam :
" Judge : What's your native language ? Witness : Ipe
no native, I's a Dootchman ! Judge : What's your mother
tongue ? Witness : Oh, father says she pe all tongue !
Judge (in an irritable tone) : What language did you
speak at the cradle ? Witness : I did not speak no lan-
guage in to cradle at all ; I only cried in Dootch !"—Then
there was a general laugh, in which the judge, jury, and
audience joined. The witness was interrogated no further
about his native language.

A SITUATION Vice XT.—Some years ago, a black man
called on a clergyman in western New York, avowed him-
self a fugitive slave, and asked for food and shelter, which
were freely accorded. Two or three persons being cogni-
sant of the fact, called in to see the "runaway nigger,"
when the following dialogue ensued :—"S'poseyou had

very hard times down south—lickings a plenty ?"—" No ;
I never was whipped."—" Wan% ! Well, you had to work
awful hard ?" My work was very light."—" Guess your
clothes wan't very nice ?"—" I was always well clothed;
I was a good servant."—" Reckon your victuals wan't
uncommon fine ?"—" As good as I desired."—" Well,• I
should give it as my opinion that you was a mighty big
fool for running away from such a place as this, just for
the sake of shirking for yourself."— Gen'men, my place
down south is vacant. Any of you can have it by apply-
ing for it."—American Paper.
THE PHILOSOPHY OF DRESS.—M. Chevreul, whose
new work on colour seems to be at once recognised as an
authority by all artists, gives a clothes philosophy of a
practical kind. " A coat, waistcoat, and trousers of the
same colour cannot," he says," be worn together with ad-
vantage, except when new ; for, when one of them has
lost its freshness by having been more worn than the
others, the difference will be increased by contrast. Thus
new black trousers, worn with a coat and waistcoat of the
same colour, but old and slightly rusty, will bring out
this latter tint ; while at the same time the black of the
trousers will appear brighter. White tromers, reddish
grey also, will correct the effect of which I speak. We
see, then, the advantage of having a soldier's trousers of
another colour than his coat, especially if, wearing this
coat all the year, he only wears trousers of the same cloth
. _

during winter. We see, also, as I have already said, why
white trousers are favourable to coats of every colour."
NEW ORLEAss.—The plain on which the city of New
Orleans is built rises only nine feet above the sea ; and
excavations are often made far below the level of the Gulf
of Mexico. In these sections several successive growths
of cypress timber has been brought to light.. In digging
the foundations for the gasworks, the Irish spadesmen,
finding they had to cut through timber instead of soil,
gave up the work, and were replaced by a corps of Ken-
tucky axemen, who hewed their way downwards through
four successive growths of timber, the lowest so old that
it cut like cheese. Abrasions of the river-banks show
similar growths of sunken timber; whila stately live oaks,
flourishing on the bank directly above them, are living
witnesses that the soil has not changed its level for ages.
Messrs..Dickeson and Brown have traced no less than ten
distinct cypress forests at different levels below the present
surface in parts of Louisiana where the range between
high and low water is much greater than it is at New
Orleans. These groups of trees (the live oaks on the
banks, and the successive cypress beds beneath) are ar-
ranged vertically above each other, and are seen to great
advantage in many places in the vicinity of New Orleans.
—Types of Mankind.
PIC-NIC IN TIIREET.—To-day (August Bth), I gave a
dinner, or pic-nic, to Lady Emily Dundas, on the summit
of the Giant's Mountain (Therapia). It was extremely
well arranged by the landlord of the hotel, Mr. Pettler,
who transferred an excellent collation from Europe to Asia.
The provision wagon, indeed, broke down, but no damage
ensued. We were twenty-seven : Lady Emily, Lord
Stratford, Mr. and Mrs. Skene, Admiral Slade, Lord Pen-
vensey, Mr. Alison, Dr. Sandwith, Captain Drummond,
and the rest were mainly officers of the Britannia and
the Retribution. Our ascent was picturesque. The two
ladies and two young midshipmen in a Turkish araba, a
gaily painted wagon drawn by two dove-coloured oxen ;
the Anglo-Turk, Admiral Slade, on horseback, with his
three attendants on foot, carrying his pipe, &c.; the rest
of us walking. The Ambassador very amiably left the
peace and war of Europe for one afternoon, and came
across in his well-manned caique. We all sat down on
carpets round a large tablecloth. Here those accustomed
to Turkish habits' had rather the advantage ; but, what-
ever were the merits of the meal, those of the view imme-
diately beneath us would not admit of much competition
from the rest of the world. We had all the glittering
reaches of the Bosphorous in its southern course, and over
and above its usual accompaniments, the fleets of Turkey
and the tents of Egypt. The day was just what one
would have commanded, having a due mixture of clouds,
which are hailed here as sunlight is in England.—Lord
Carlisle's Turkish Diary.
LONDON'S LARDBR.—If we fix upon Hyde Park as our
exhibition ground, and pile together all the barrels of beer
consumed in London, they would form a thousand columns
not far short of a mile in perpendicular height. Let us
imagine ourselves on the top of this tower, and we shall
have a look-out worthy of the feast we are about to sum-
mon to our feet. Herefrom we might discover the great
northern road stretching far away into the length and
breadth of the land. Lo !as we look, a mighty herd of
oxen, with loud bellowing, are beheld approaching from
the north. For miles and miles the mass of horns is con-
spicuous, winding along the road ten abreast, and even
thus the last animal of the herd would be seventy-two
miles away, and the drover goading his shrinking flanks
considerably beyond Peterborough. On the other side of
the park, as the clouds of dust clear away, we see the great
western road as far as the eye can reach, thronged with a
bleating mass of wool, and the shepherd at the end of the
flock, ten abreast, and the dog that is worrying the last
sheep, are just leaving the environs of Bristol, 121 miles
from our beer-built pillar. Along Piccadilly, Regent-
street, the Strand, Fleet-street, Cheapside, and the east-
ward Mile End Road line for 74 miles, street and causeway
are thronged with calves, still ten abreast, and in the great
parallel thoroughfares of Bayswater, Oxford-street, and
Holborn, we see nothing for nine long miles but a slowly-

pacing, deeply-grunting herd of swing. As we watch this
moving mass approaching from all points of the horizon,
the air suddenly becomes dark—a black pall seems drawn
over the sky—it is the flock of birds—game, poultry, and
wild fowl, that, like Mrs. Bond's ducks, are come up to be
killed ; as they fly wing to wing and tail to beak, they form

a square, whose luperfices is not much less than the whole
enclosed portion of St. James's Park, or 51 acres. No
sooner does this huge flight clear away, than we behold the
park at our feet inundated with hares and rabbits. Feed-
ing 2,000 abreast, they extend from the marble arch to
the round pond in Kensington Garden—at least a mile.
Let us now pile up all the half-quartern loaves consumed
in the metropolis in a year, and we shall find they form a
pyramid which measures 200 square feet at its base, and
' the -* eight of 1,293 feet, or nearly three
Turning now towards the sound
id that the seven companies are
day. If they were allowed to
adjacent St. James's Park, they
-ity-four hours, flood its entire

B ..._ , am a tu
times that of St. Paul's.

extend

of rushing waters, we
filling the mains for t

flow into the arena
would, in the cours

fiches of w

d mea

Id the whole

fficient to subme

to our patienc
ivould be qui

Of ham
►untless

the skim.
;ch of the

THE WAR.

Ample

I authentic d

.4 DE

OFFICIAT

[ls of th,

SPATCHES

lie Extraordinary of WI

War Department, Nov. 22nd, 1854

xk, a.m.

e Sebastopol, Nov. Bth, 1854

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL ADYERTISER.

BATTLE OF INKERMAN.

great and

sanguinary battle fought on the sth instant, before
Sebastopol, will be found in the subjoined accounts

His Grace the Duke of Newcastle has this day received
a despatch, of which the following is a copy, addressed to
his Grace by Field-Marshal the Lord Raglan, G.C.B.

DIY LORD DuKE,—I have the honour to report to your
grace that the army under my command, powerfully aided
by the corps of observation of the French army, under
the command of that distinguished officer, General Bos-
quet, effectually repulsed and defeated a most vigorous
and determined attack of the enemy on our position over-
looking the ruins of Inkerman, on the morning of the sth
instant.

ed you

In my letter to your grace of gie 3rd, I inform
that the enemy had considerably increased their f
the valley of Tchernaya. The following day this aug-
mentation was still further apparent, and large masses of
troops had evidently arrived from the northward, and on
two several occasions persons of distinguished rank were
observed to have joined the Russian camp.
I have subsequently learnt that the 4th corps-de-arme'e,
conveyed in carriages of the country, and in the lightest
possible order, had been brought from Moldavia, and were
to be immediately followed by the 3rd corps. It was
therefore to be expected that an extensive movement
would not be long deferred. Accordingly, shortly before
daylight on the sth, strong columns of the enemy came
upon the advanced picquets, covering the right of the po-
sition. These piquets behaved with admirable gallantry,
defending the ground, foot by foot, against the over-
whelming numbers of the enemy, until the Second Division,
under Major-General Pennefather, with its field guns,
which had immediately been got under arms, was placed
in position.

The Light Division, under Lieut-General Sir George
Brown, was also brought to the front, without loss of
time. The First Brigade, under Major-General Codring-
ton, occupying the long slopes to the left towards Sebas-
topol, and protecting our right battery, and guarding
against attack on that side ; and the Second Brigade,
under Brigadier-General Buller, forming on the left of
the Second Division, with the 88th Regiment, under
Lieut.-Colonel Jeffreys, thrown in advance.'

The Brigade of Guards, under his Royaß Highness the
Duke of Cambridge and Major-General oentinck, pro-
ceeded likewise to the front, and took up m st important
ground to the extreme right, on the alignement of the
Second Division, but separated from it by a deep and pre-
cipitous ravine, and posting its guns with those of the
Second Division.

The Fourth Division, under Lieut.-General Cathcart,
having been brought from their encampment, adv anted
to the right and front of the attack. The First Brigade,
under Brigadier-General Goldie, proceeded to the left of
the Inkerm'n road. The Second Brigade, under Brigadier-
General Torrens, to the right of it, and on the ridge over-
hanging the valley of the Tchernaya.

The Third Division, under Lieut.-General Sir Richard
England, occupied in part the ground vacated by the
Fourth Division, and supported the Light Division, by
two regiments- under Brigadier-General Sir John Camp-
bell, while Brigadier-General Eyre held the command of
the troops in the trenches.
The morning was extremely dark, with a drizzling rain,
rendering it almost impossible to discover anything beyond
the flash and smoke of artillery and heavy musketry fire.
It, however, soon became evident that the enemy, under
cover of a vast cloud of skirmishers, supported by dense
columns of infantry, had advanced numerous batteries of
large calibre to the high ground to the left and front of
the Second Division, while powerful columns of infantry
attacked with great vigour the Brigade of Guards. Ad-
ditional batteries of heavy artillery were also placed by the
enemy on the slopes to our left, the guns in the field
amounting in the whole tor ninety pieces, independently,
however, of the ship guns and those in the works of Se-
bastopol.
Protected by a tremendous fire of shot, shell, and grape,
the Russian columns advanced in great force, requiring
every effort of gallantry on the part of our troops to resist
them. _

At this time two battalions of French infantry, which
had on the first notice been sent by General Bosquet,
joined our right, and very materially contributed to the
successful resistance to the attack, cheering with our men,
and charging the enemy down the hill, with great loss.
About the same time a determined assault was made on
our extreme left, and, for a moment, the enemy possessed
themselves of four of our guns, three of which were retaken
by the 88th, while the fourth was speedily recaptured by
the 77th Regiment, under Lieut-Colonel Egerton. In the
opposite direction the Brigade of Guards, under his Royal
Highness the Duke of Cambridge, was engaged in a severe
conflict.

The enemy, under the cover of thick brushwood, ad-
vanced in two heavy bodies,. and assaulted, with great
determination, a small redoubt, which had been constructed
for two guns, but was not armed. The combat was most
arduous, and the Brigade, after displaying the utmost
steadiness and gallantry, was obliged to retire before very
superior numbers, until supported by a wing of the 20th
Regiment of the Fourth Division, when they again ad-
vanced and retook the redoubt.

This ground was afterwardla occupied, in gallant style,
by French troops, and the Guards speedily reformed in
rear of the right flank of the Second Division.
In the meanwhile Lieut.-General the Hon. Sir George
Cathcart, with a few companies of the 68th Regiment,
considering that he might make a strong impression by
descending into the valley and taking the enemy in flank,
moved rapidly forward ; but, finding the heights above
him in full occupation of the Russians, he suddenly dis-
covered that he was entangled with a superior force, and
while attempting to withdraw his men he received a
mortal wound, shortly previously to which Brigadier-
General Torrens, when leading the 68th, was likewise
severely wounded.

Subsequently to this the battle continued with unabated
vigour, and with no positive result, the enemy bringing
upon our line not only the•fire of all their field batteries,
but those in front of the works of the place, and the ship
guns, till the afternoon, when the symptoms of giving
way first became apparent ; and shortly after, although
the fire did not cease, the retreat became general, and
heavy masses were observed retiring over the bridge of
Inkerman, and ascending the opposite heights, abandon-
ing, on the field of battle; five or six thousand dead and
wounded, multitudes of the latter having already been
carried off by them. I never before witnessed such a
spectacle as the field presented ; but upon this I will not
dwell.

Having submited to your grace this imperfect descrip-
tion of this most severe battle, I have still two duties to
discharge—the one most gratifying, the last most painful,
to my feelings.
I have the greatest satisfaction in drawing your graces
attention to the brillian=t conduct of the allied troops.
French and English vied with each other in dißlayjng
their gallantry, and manifesting their zealous devotion, to
duty, notwithstanding that they had to contend against
an infinitely superior force, and were exposed for many
hours to a galling fire.
It should be borne in mind that they have daily, for
several weeks, undergone the most constant labour, and
that many of them passed the previous night in the
trenches.

I will not attempt to enter into the detail of tlie•move-
ments of the French troops, lest I should not state them
correctly ; but I am proud of the opportunity of bearing
testimony to their valour and energetic services, and of
paying a tribute of admiration to the distinguished con-
duct of their immediate commander, General Bosquet ;
while it is in the highest degree pleasing to me to place
upon record my deep sense of the valuable assistance I
received from the Commander-in-Chief,General Canrobert
who was himself on the ground, and in constant commu-
nication with me, and whose cordial co-operation on all
occasions I cannot too highly extol.
Your grace will recollect that he was wounded at the
Alma. He was again wounded on the Oth, but I should
hope that he will not long feel the effects- of it.
I will, in a subsequent dispatch, lay before your grace
the names of the officers whose services have been brought
to my notice. I will not detain the mail for that purpose
now, but I cannot delay to report the admirable behaviour
of Lieutenant-General Sir George Brown, who was unfor-
tunately shot through the arm, but is doing well; of
Lieutenant-General His Royal Highness the Duke of
Cambridge, who particularly distinguished himself; and
of Major-General Pennefather, in command of the Second
Divtgion, which received the first attack, and gallantly
maintained itself under the greatest difficulties through-
out this protracted conflict; of Major-General Bentinck,
who is severely wounded; Major-General Codrington,
Brigadier-General Adams, and Brigadier-General Torrens,
who are severely wounded ; and Brigadier-General Buller,
who is also wounded, but not so seriously.

I must likewise express my obligations to Lieutenant-
General Sir Richard England, for the excellent disposition
he made of his division, and the assistance he rendered to
the left of the Light Division, where Brigadier-General
Sir John Campbell was judiciously placed, and effectively
supported Major-General Codrington ; and I have great
pleasure in stating that Brigadier-General Eyre was em-
ployed in the important duty of guarding the trenches
from any assault from the town.
Lieut.-General Sir De Lacy Evans, who had been obliged,
by severe indisposition, to go on board ship a few days
previously, left his_ bed as soon as he received intelligence
of the attack, and was promptly at his post; and, though

. .
he did not feel well enough to take the command of the
division out of the hands of Major-General Pennefather, he
did not fail to give him his best advice and assistance.

promise

1 satisfaction to all under

s difficult to arrive at any

)ositiv e

elusion as to

the actual numbers brought into the field by the enemy.
'he configuration of the ground did not admit of any
at of their force, the attack consisting of
sted assaults in heavy masses of columns ;
nn the numbers that were seen in the
had withdrawn in retreat, I am led to

great develops

plains alte

suppose that they could not have been less than sixty
thousand men. Their loss was excessive, and it is calcu-
lated that they left on the field near five thousand dead,
and that their casualties amount in the whole, in killed,
wounded, and prisoners, to not less than fifteen thousand.
Your grace will be surprised to learn that the number
of British troops actually engaged little exceeded eight
thousand men, whilst those of General Bosquet's division
only amounted to six thousand, the remaining available
French troops on the spot having been kept in reserve.
I ought to mention that, while the enemy was attacking
our right, they assailed the left of the French trenches,
and actually got into tl► of their batteries ; but they
were quickly driven out in the most gallant manner, with
considerable loss, and hotly pursued to the very walls of
Sebastopol
His Gra,

,
—I have, &
T the Duke

of Newcastle, &c

RAGLAN

RETURN OP CASIJALITIES ON THE STH NOVEMBEI

It is deeply distressing to me to have to submit to your

- ori this

Staff.-5 officers killed ;12 officers wounded.
4th Light Dragoons.-2 rank and file wounded.
11th Hussars.-1 rank and file wounded.
17 Lancers.—l officer killed ; 1 rank and file wounded.
Artillery.-2 officers, 3 sergeants, 10 rank and file
fled ; 4 officers, 5 sergeants, 71 rank and file, wounded.

3rd 'Battalion of Grenadier Guards.-3 officers, 3 ser-
geants, 1 drummer, 27 rank and file, killed; 6 officers, 6
sergeants, 1 drummer, 144 rank and file, wounded ; 30

grace the list of the killed, wounded, and missin,,
memorable occasion. It is, indeed, heavy, and very many
valuable officers and men have been lost to Her Majesty's
service.

Among the killed your grace will find the names of
Lieut.-General the Hon. Sir G. Cathcart, Brigadier-General
Strangways, and Brigadier-General Goldie. Of the ser-
vices of the first it is almost unnecessary to speak : they
are_ known throughout the British Empire, and have,

within a short space of time, been brought conspicuously
before the country, by his achievements at the Cape of
Good Hope, whence he had only just returned, when he
• - By his death Her Majesty has
04,P -se the

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 18M.

.auk and file wounded.
—1 rank and file wounded.
—1 rank and file wounded.
tegiment.-3 rank and file wounded.
38th Regiment.-4 rank and file wounded.
41st Regiment.-1 rank and fife wounded.
2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade. —1 rank and file killec
1 sergeant, 3 rank and file, wounded.

4th Regime

28th Regiment.
23rd Regiment.

43 officers, 32 sergeants, 4 drummers' 380 rank and file,
killed ; 102 officers, 121 sergeants, 17 drummers, 1,694
rank and file, u ounded ; 1 officer, 6 sergeants, 191 rank
and file, missing.

Total.-43 officers, 32 sergeants, 4 drummers, 383 rank
and file, killed ' • 103 officers, 122 sergeants, 17 drummers,
1,710 rank and file, wounded ; 1 officer, 6 sergeants, 191
rank and file, missing. Killed, 462 ; Wounded, 1,952 ;
198 ; total, 2,612.
J. B. BUCKNA.LL ESTCOU-

missinb

A.dj-General.

k RETURN OF THE WOUNDED IN THE NAVAL BRIGAD
2ND AND 3RD OF NOVEMBER, 1854.

ON TEL

Wounded
slightly.

2ND NOVEMBER, 1854.
Richard Webb, ordinary

Trafalgar

3RD NOVEMBER, 1854

Wounded : Mr. Philip Brock, mat(
slightly ; Mr. Spalding, mate, London, slightly ; Thomas
Wrann, A. 8., Britannia, severely ; William Glass, captain
forecastle, Albion, slightly.
Total, 2nd and 3rd of November, 1854, 5
STEPHEN LIISHINGTOIf,
Captain Commanding Naval Brigade.
To the Military Secretary to H. E. Lord Raglan,
Commander-in-Chief of the Army.

A RETURN OP THE KILLED AND WOUNDED IN THE

NAVAL BRIGADE ON THE 4TH AND &il NOVEMBER
4TH NOVEMBER, 1854.
Wounded : John Lloyd, A. 8., Vengeance, severely ; Mr
Wilson, mate, Vengeance, slightly.

STH NOVEMBER, 1854

Killed : John Wood, A. 8., Albion

the allies and in favour of the enemy, a signal vicar 011
been again achieved by the British and French, throull;.
the exercise of indomitable courage, directed by coas the
mate skill. Mere superiority of numbers was 11°t
floor.
only, or indeed, under the circumstances, the most 1
tant disadvantage under which our gallant army
In addition to the disadvantage incurred through %Ice'
cause, there was also to be placed the depressing illlretbe
of long-continued and exhausting fatigue, caused bl
difficulty of the protracted siege operations, carried o
inadequate numbers in the face of a determined and cIF;
battle
lant foe. The night which ushered in the day °A fore
was one of ceaseless and heavy rain, which, just he__.
daybreak, changed into a dense and bewildering fog, eu2i.,
pletely enveloping the heights and the valley of Inkerta:,i`te
in a cold moist vapour ; so thick that objects were 11 thei
invisible at the distance of only a few yards. Throng l the
cheerless and gloomy obscurity of this deadening Pall' • g;
sound of wheels was heard by the sergeant of an outlY?!e
labour.7
picquet, which he quickly reported to Major Banbury.
04
sound was at once conjectured to arise from the passaveof
ammunition waggons proceeding through the vallel
+
Inkerman to Sebastopol. No suspicion was entertalucid,
secure.
that the vehicles, the motion of whose wheels was llearir
belonged to a large aggressive force of Russians,
advancing under cover of the darkness and fog to ell;
the heights, and plunge with paralysing energy upon,re
exposed flank of the Second Division. The exposed na`3ld, e
of this portion of the British position had been, it is sal
perceived and pointed out by Sir De Lacy Evans sa!t%
time ago. From some unexplained cause, however, thet
warning was not attended to, and this remained the la°
vulnerable, if not the only vulnerable point upon the lint
of the British defences. It is farther noticeable, thee
here also, nearly every point which was assailed in
action of the sth instant had been essay theed in the at'3
k
of the 26th of October, a circumstance favouring
conjecture that the movements on that occasion "e_
merely attempts to ascertain the strength of the positio!
and that the real endeavour to carry those defences
delayed till the arrival of reinforcements, which the enew
were in expectation of.
The dispositions of the Russians, to secure surprise a 5
success, were made with considerable skill, and, in so far;
the former object was concerned, with very danger°sf
effect. Shortly before five o'clock a sharp rattle
or
musketry on the hill side to the left of the Light Divisii.° t
gave intimation that a hostile force was advancing tlf
direction. Favoured by the fog, the grey great coats
al •
the Russians rendered them nearly invisible, even a hat
close at hand. So formidable was the unseen attack teat
the picquets of the Light Division were obliged to rett;',- t
upon their main body, and it speedily became evident t":,
a desperate attempt was about to be made for the purP°{o
of forcing the allies to raise the siege, and, if possible,
drive them from their vantage ground, and push tlle
into the sea. To aid in this attempt, a demonstration ‘l'3
made at the same time, by a body of cavalry and artillery
supported by some infantry, in the valley above Balakla:er
partly to direct the attention of the French occupyinl,‘"l,
heights in that direction, and also to prevent the 3
land brigade, and marines, from rendering assistance ,t,
the real point of attack ; and further, to take advantq.'
of any event which might occur to favour the Russians, .r
course of the day's proceedings. With this view thel
cavalry were drawn up in order of battle, supported
field artillery, and posted at the neck of the valley, to a
to
vance over the heights, and cut our retreating troops
al
pieces, should the main attack prove successful. A s!gbts
telegraph had been erected by the Russians on the hog ue
above Inkerman, to communicate with another on t'd
hill, covering the position of this corps of reserve le
observation, by which intelligence of our defeat was to a
conveyed to the general commanding that corps; 3P•
similar means were adopted for apprising the troops, be
Sebastopol, of this anticipated co and to enable tb e
garrison to make a general sortie. at the critical Mfg°.
ment. During the night too, a steamer, with very
shell-guns and mortars, was sent up the head of the Cr
at Inkerman, to aid in the attack upon our lines, the
from which, throughout the day, caused much injury '5
tir
the enormous shells she threw over the hill among o.

Wounded : Joseph Herris, second mate Britannia,
slightly; James Galloway, A. 8., Rodney, severely; Wil-
liam Tout, A. 8., Vengeance, dangerously; Frederick
Mackin, ordinary, London, dangerously ; James Brien,
A. 8., Rodney, slightly.
Total killed, 4th and sth Nov., 1854, 1; wounded, '7.
STEPHEN LUSHINGTON,
Captain Commanding Naval Brigade.
The Military Secretary to H. E. Lord Raglan,
Commander,in-Chief of the Army.

A RETURN OF THE WOUNDED IN THE NAVAL BRIGADE
ON THE 6TH OF NOVEMBER, 1854.
Wounded : Mr. Selby, mate, Diamond, slightly ;
Berry, A. 8., Trafalgar, slightly. Total wounded, 2
STEPHEN LUSHINGTON,
Captain Commanding Naval Brigade
To the Military Secretary to H. E. Lord Raglan
Commander-in-Chief of the Arms

James

THE FRENCH GENERAL'S DESPATCH,
Head-quarters, before Sebastopol, Nov. 7, 1854.

Monsieur le 'Marechal,—l have the 1143nour to confirm
to you my telegraphic despatch, dated November 0, and
thus worded :—" The Russian army, swelled by reinforce-
ments coming from the Danube, and by the reserves
collected in the southern provinces, and animated by the
presence of the Grand' Dukes Michael and Nicholas, yes-
terday attacked the right of the English position before
the place. The English army sustained the combat with
the most remarkable firmness. I caused it to be supported
by the division of General Bosquet, which fought with
admirable vigour, and by the troops nearest at hand. The
enemy, far more numerous than we, beat a retreat with
enormous loss, estimated at %OW or 9,000 men. This
obstinate struggle lasted the whole day. On my left,
General Forey had to repel, at the same time, a sortie of
the garrison. The troops, energetically conducted by him,
drove the enemy back into the place, and inflicted on him
a loss of a thousand' men. This brilliant day, not pur-
chased without loss by the allies,does the greatest honour
to our arms." •

The action summarily expressed by the despatch given
above was one of the hottest and most violently contested.
From the first musket shots that were fired, the deserters
that came over to us revealed.the true state of the Russian
army with respect to its effective strength, and we were
enabled to calculate the reinforcements it has successively
received since the battle of the Alma. These are-Ist,
some contingents from the Asiatic coast, from Kertch and
Kaffa ; 2ndly, six battalion& and some detachments of
marines from Nicolaieff; 3rdiy, four battalions of the Cos-
sacks of the Black Sea ; 4thly, a great part of the army of
the Danube; 10thly, llthly, and 12thly, some divisions of
infantry, forming the 4th corps, commanded by General
Dannenberg. These three divisions were transported by
posthorses, with their artillery,from Odessa to Simpheropol,
in a few days. Finally arrived' the Grand Dukes Michael
and Nicholas, whose presence could not fail to over-excite
this army, which forms, with the garrison of Sebastopol, a
total of at least 100,000 men.
It was in this condition that 45,000 men of this army
surprised the point of the heights at Inkerman, which the
English army had not been able to occupy with sufficient
forces. Only 6,000 English took part in the action, the
remainder being employed on • the siege-works ; they vali-
antly sustained the shock until General Bosquet, arriving
with a part of his division, could lend them such aid as
might ensure success. One hardly knows which most to
praise, the energetic firmness with which our allies braved
for a long time the storm, or the intelligent vigour dis-
played by General Bosquet, when conducting a part of the
brigades Bourbaki and d'Autemarre, in order to attack the
enemy, who extended beyond them on the right. _

The -3rd regiment of 2onaves, under the chefs de batail-
lOn Montaubon and Dubos, there justified most signally
the old reputation of the arm. The Algerine Rifles (tirail-
dears), Colonel de Wimpffen ; a battalion of the 7th Light
Infantry, Commander Vaissier; and the 6th Regiment of
the Line, Colonel de Camas, vied with them in ardour.
Three times they crossed bayonets with the enemy, who
only yielded ground after the third charge, upon which he
left it strewed with his dead and wounded. The Russian
heavy artillery and their fieldlpieces were very superior in
number, and had a commanding position. Two horse
batteries, Commander de la Boussiniere, and one battery
of the 2nd division of infantry, Commander Barral, the
whole under the orders of Colonel Forgeot, sustained, con-
currently with the English artillery, the struggle during
the entire day.

The enemy decided on beating a retreat, leaving behind
more than three thousand dead, a very large number of
wounded, a few hundred prisoners, as well as several
pArder chests, in the hands of the allies. His losses in
the gross aggregate cannot be put down at less than from
8,000 to 10,000 men.

men.
To meet these formidable preparations, the best
sitions available under the circumstances were ad01:"..,5
with alacrity and cool decision. The second division we,
speedily got under arms, by Brigadier-General Pe
father, on whom this command devolved through to
illness of Sir De Lacy Evans ; one brigade of tts,
division, consisting of the 41st, 47th, and 49th reginle"ffiue
under Brigadier-General Adams, was advanced on the
brow of the hill, to check the approach of the enemy i,„"fb,
other (Pennefather's own), consisting of the 30th,
~9',;1;.
and 95th regiments, were led to operate on their 0"
Our troops were at once met by a tremendous fire of role
shot and shell, from guns posted by the enemy oil
high grounds in front of our position, and at this poino,
was soon evident that at least forty pieces of heavy ,-e
e
lery had been brought tc,• bear against us. Whilst tu-(7.
preparations had been made for our defence, Sir Ge°l:°eb
Cathcart promptly turned out all of his division viilo
were not employed in the trenches, and he speedkatii
Portions of the 20th,. 21st, 46th, 57th, 63rd, and „f
regiments against the enemy, directing them to the leitteli
the ground occupied by the 2nd Division, which consis nt
of only 2,200 men. Sir George Brown,. with the 0113 of
Light Division, rushed to the support of their coraradees3o,
the 2nd Division, and in doing so were exposed to coma
0.
fire from an unseen enemy. The foggy state of the raur,d,
ing continued, alternated with smart showers, the 10371,
ture of which turned the ground. into an adhesive son
like a newly-ploughed field of loamy clay, which son
to retard, as the fire of the Russian.guns to destroy
advance. While all the army was less or more in motarc_lr
the Duke of Cambridge brought up the Guards, unat
Brigadier Bentinck, these splendid troops immediate_
pushed on and gained the summit of the hills, toware
which two columns of Russians were advancing in
closest order the nature of the ground would achnit,:p got
3rd Division, under Sir R.. England, was li
under arms, as a reserve, one portion of which, Cons—
of the 50th and part of the 28th and of the 4th regiments,
were engaged with the enemy 01 before the contest was CO
eluded. Such were the dispositions and arrangements s
our forces at the commencement of the fray.
And now, (says the correspondent of the Timl
in his general description of the fight,) commence
the bloodiest struggle ever witnessed since war cursed
the earth. It has been doubted by military hid
rians if any enemy have ever stood a charge 01,,,
the bayonet, but here the bayonet was often Pt`i,
only weapon employed in conflicts of the most AL
nate and deadly character. We have been prone to
lieve that no foe could ever withstand the British soltn
wielding his favourite weapon, and that at Maida
did the enemy ever cross bayonets with him, but at not
battle of Inkerman not only did, we charge in vain 41
only were desperate encounters between masses of 13ta
maintained with the bayonet alone—but we were obligji,
to resist bayonet to bayonet the Russian infan
again and again, as they charged us with inc_t"..—er
ble fury and determination.. The Battle of lu"
man admits of no description. It was a seriel.to,
dreadful deeds of daring, of • sanguinary hauu_As
hand fights, of despairing rallies, of desperate assault
glens and valleys, in brushwood glades and remote dea
hidden from all human, eyes, and from which the Grit
querors, Russian or British, issued only to engage f tr re
i.
foes, till our old supremacy,. so rudely assailed, was
umphantly asserted, and the battalions of the Czar gave 41e,
before our steady courage and the chivalrous fire of Fr°:,,ll
No one, however placed, could have witnessed even a o"u'ig,
portion of the doings of this eventful day—for the vie he
fog, and drizzling mist obscured the ground where lir
struggle took place, to such an extent as to render it iv/
possible to see what was going on at the distance of s
yards. Besides this, the-irregular nature of the grc4itbe
the rapid fall of the hilt towards Inkerman wheret
deadliest fight took place, would have prevented d
under the most favourable circumstances, seeing more
a very insignificant detail of the terrible work beloW., 1,1
was 6 o'clock when.all the head-quarter camp was rouge r;
roll after roll of musketry on the right and by the sharYthe
port of field guns. Lord Raglan was informed that' ea
enemy were advancing in force, and soon after se by
o'clock he rode towards the scene of action, followed
his staff, and accompanied by Sir John Burgoyne, 13rrie-
dier-General. Strangways, R.A., and several- aide the
camp. As they approached the volume of sound, et,
steady, unceasing thunder of gun, and rifle, and 01,,usn of
told that the engagement was at its height. The so4br
the Russians, thrown with great precision, burst so tbw,,,5
among the troops that the noise resembled continuuted
discharges of cannon, and the massive fragments inflicios
death on,every side, One of the first things the Russ tbe
did, when a .break in the fog enabled them to seeteatS
camp of the Second Division, was to open.fire on the 0,4
with round shot and shell, and tent after tent 0.
blown down, torn to pieces, or sent into the of
while the •men engaged in camp duties. and the uulLted.-
horses tethered up in the lines were killed or rout
Colonel Gambier was at once ordered to get up two Pi/ to
guns (18-pounders) on the rising ground, and to re o. 0
a, fire which our light guns were utterly inadeclaartlef
meet. As he was engaged in this duty, and was ess,oo
himself with Captain Daguilar to urge them Prouoi',
Colonel Gambier was severely but not dange t;et
wounded, and was obliged to retire. His place wra.s.l
by Lieutenant-COlonel Dickson, and the conduct .1;1311.,
officer in directing the fire of those two pieces, Ile ci°to
the most marked effect in deciding the fate of ,p sa/
was such as to elicit the admiration of the army, I'blo° 'ro
deserve the thanks of every man engaged in OA'lit
fray. But long ere these guns had been 104)°' aeu;
there had been a great slaughter of the enemy, of P-"
heavy loss of our own men,. Our generals could %,ers",
where to go. They could not tell where the eneuiYAng
from what side they were coming, and where g our h Xll
In darkness, gloom, and rain they had to lead
through thick scrubby bushes and thorny brakes,r, vac::
broke our ranks and irritated the men, while ere 'ileto!
was marked by a corpse or man wounded from 31,1,r iii
whose position was. only indicated by the rattle
ketry and the rush of ball and shell. a by tt,
ts
Sir George Cathcart, seeing his men disordered out
fire of a large column of Russian infantry whic
flanking them, while portions of the varions_.";inenre
composing his division were maintaining 03,' into tg,
struggle with an overwhelming force, rode douXen.
ravine in which they were engaged, to rally, t'("1 actnof,
perceived at the same time that the Russians
elu„,,e of P.'(',l
gained possession of a portion of the hill in th reuv'er
flank of his division, but still his stout heart !,I„couraglfla's
him fora moment; He rode at their head "nition w
Arr.. that the anima
_,. vot

While these events were taking place on the right,
about 5,000 men of the garrison made a vigorous sortie on
the left of our attack siege• line, under cover of a thick fog
and along the ravines that facilitate their approach. The
troops on duty in the trenches, under the orders of General
de la Motterouge, marched against the enemy, who had
already invaded two •of ' our batteries, and repulsed him,
killing more than 200 men on the site of these batteries.

Lieutenant-General Forey, commanding the siege corps,
arrived by rapid and skilful evolutions with the troops of
the Fourth Division to the support of the Guards in the
trenches, and himself marched at the head of the sth bat-
talion of the Chasseurs a pied. The Russians, repulsed
along the whole line, retired precipitately on the fortifi-
cation, with considerable loss, when General Lourmel,
seeing them fly before him, and carried away by a chival-
rous courage, flung himself headlong in the rear with his
brigade, and fell' wounded under the very walls of the
fortification. General Forey had much difficulty in extri-
cating him from the very advanced position, to which,
yielding to the impulse of superabundant courage, he had
led his brigade. The brigade of Aurelle, which had occu-
pied an excellent position on the left, covered'bis retreat,
which was effected not without a certain loss under the
fire of the fortifications. Colonel Niol, of the 26th Regi-
ment of the line, who lost his two chefs-de-frataillon, had
taken the command of the brigade, the energetic conduct
of which was,beyond all praise. The enemy in this sortie
lost a thousand men killed, wounded, or made prisoners,
and, in addition to this, received a very considerable moral
and physical check.
The battle of Inkerman, and the contest maintained
by the body of besiegers, has shed great glory on our
forces, and has augmented the moral strength which the
Allied armies have always possessed. At the same time
we have suffered losses which must-be regretted. The
English army has lost 2,400 men, killed or wounded,
among which are to be reckoned seven generals, three of
whom. are killed. The French army has suffered to the
extent of 1,726 killed or wounded'. We have bitterly to
regret the loss of General de Lourmel, since dead from
his wounds, whose brilliant qualities promised a grand
career in the future. It is my painful duty also to ac-
quaint you with the death of Colonel du Cumas, of the 6th
Regiment of the line, killed at the head of his troop, at
the very instant in which they came in contact with the

enemy

The vigour of the Allied troops, subject as they were to
the twofold struggles of a siege of unprecedented di&
culty, and of battles which,recal the greatest struggles of
our military history, cannot be too highly praised.
THE GREERAI-EN-CHEF, CANROHERT.

THE RUSSIAN GENERAL'S DESPATCH.
A supplement extraordinary of the Invalide Russe, of
November 14, contains Prince IVlenschikoff's report of the
battle of Inkerman, of November 5 :
The sortie against the English, directed by General
Dannenberg, was very fortunate : eleven guns in the
English batteries were spiked. On this the French ar-
rived to the support of the English forces. The English
siege artillery was placed in position, and it was not pos-
sible for our field artillery to oppose it with advantage.
The enemy's superiority in men, armed with carbines,
occasions us great losses in horses, gunners, and officers
of infantry. This circumstance did not permit us to finish,
at least, without sacrificing the troops, the taking of the
redoubts, which we had begun to carry. The retreat
was effected in good order, and the dismounted guns were
withdrawn from the field to Sebastopol. The Grand
Dukes Nicholas and Michael were in the midst of this
ter,4" -.lying an example ' froid.

rire, , or courage and sang
Simultaneously with this sortie, a regiment of infantry,
accompanied by a light battery of artillery, executed a
sortie against the French batteries, and spiked fifteen
guns. Our loss in killed is not exactly known : the
number of wounded is 109 officers and 3,500 men. General
Soimonoff, who was wounded, has since died. Two other
generals and five colonels have been wormded. Major-
General Prince Menschikoff (not the commander-in-chief),
one general, and one colonel have received contusions.
General Dannenberg had two horses killed under him, and
all the persons who surrounded him have been wounded.
The loss of the enemy cannot have been less than ours ;

la/Cll I, LULU VII 11V11 a ta. j wave, ..
failing, he said coolly, " Have - you not er-eti or.;
bayonets ?" As he led on his men it was olysery btu
of the ~
another body of men had gained the top ~+, to Nu
behind them on the right, but it was impsi" voltd 01
whether they were friends or foes. Sirda ~heereu
poured into our scattered regiments. George,',,,iietS
them and led them back up the hill, but a flight,oel_Vose to
passed where he rode, and he fell from his hor "
t their waY
the Russian columns. The men had to flgb rruey were
through a host of enemies, and lost fearfully. ,1"
a won their
surrounded and bayonetted on all sides, an _ all
the
desperate way up the hill, with diminished ranks;
~„ was
loss of near 600 men. Sir George Cathcart:s lA,"
afterwards recovered with a bullet wound truggLe'
this s od
and three bayonet wounds in the body. In °city, a
where the Russians fought with the greatest ferocity
01,
bayonetted the wounded as they fell, Col. SwYlll!oriWYnneo
a most gallant officer, Lieut. Dowling, 20th, M,FL,d in tree
68th, and other officers whose names will be
Iffi`e` (of thec
_
DETAILS OF THE BATTLE. Gazette, met their death, and Brigadier r"
1 he has sill ;
1
From the preceding .... 57th Regiment) received the wounds of Wel
certain al 0
I notwithstanding despatches it will be seen that, died. The conflict on the right was equally unsstb got 0
g a vast disparity of numbers, adverse to - equally bloody. In the Light as
the
. the he,d,

and the sorties have cost the French dear, as, in following
in dense masses, they fell under a heavy fire from Bastion
No. 6. At the same time that the above movements took
place, the troops under Prince Gortschakoff made a strong
demonstration on Kadikoi, and kept in action the enemy's
force at BalOdava.