The Statesman.
London, England, 1818-12-24 00:00:00

ARCTIC EXPEDITION.

The discovery ships Isabella and Alexander, after
the 28th of Julytthe date of Captain Ross's lest dia.
patches from t►e Arctic Seas, being then in aboatthe
latitude 73. N. and longitude 61. W. proceeded In a
northern direction,but were soon impeded by a fourth
barrier of ice, which, after encountering very serious
d fficolties and much danger, they succeeded in forcing
on the 7th of August. On the 9th, some natives were
seen on the shore to the eastward; s.d on the 13th,
Prince Regent's Say, iu let 76. 13. was discovered

to be their apparent residence.
These Ludlam, were with macs

.cated with, throagh Jobe Sachem's., the4ntilleikiii;
whip secompanied the Expedition from England, snit
who no this occasion displayed Neal courage and

address.
On the 16th of Asgest the Expedition peeved, with'
as opvn sea, from Prince itesent's Bay to s Cepn in
lat. 76. 57. N. long. 66. 21. W., which was sensed
for his Royal Highness Ih. Oak of York ; the Rate

,
day mug Cape Liedley Diggs of Baffin, sad seem. ,
steely passed Wolstiabelm, Whale, and Sir Thomas
Smith's Sounds, and Cary's [steads.
On the 21st they wade a cape, which was mused
for his Royal Ilighuess the Duke of Clarence. Here
the laud, which bad from the Whale Sound taken a
tiltualetly direction,- began to wind •to the south, and
*ships mere *gam ancsurbered with ice and fogs.
Their pr rupl swig shore was slow, but on the 30th
-ot.Aogdtt they got as far as Lancaster tioend of
& n, ohicls had much the app•arance of a passage,
but prtlied 16 be .S 6 it,!et. Orr the lit of September,
Certain. Rene Soak possession of that part of the
Copal in 141.74. N. and lon., 80. W. with .he usual
forms. It was tonsil to to unitelishited. The) pro-
cseded withost impediment .slong the coast, which
from thence t. .1k ea sierly direction. Landed
twin It $B. 30.'N. Ltinß. 68. 46. W on an island
near the main land, whicli appeared to have been re.-
csatly inhabred. Hero the land took a sooth-
easterly direction, abd illaships again stretched across
to the eastward? and ietermitied tbq non-existence
of Jarisiii Istand, laid do% in the old Admiralty
charts. Attie this, they continued their coarse along
the lattd, to. Cipe Welsingham of Davia„'which they
both& to be in lat. 60. N. and lon/. 60. 1%., the
strait being here 110 miles wide. From thence the
land took a westerly direction, ;until they came. ono
the 30th September, to Cumberland Sttilit, which
they ascirteined•tolte leen the latitudes of 63.
and 64: N. and lot.rt 65. W.

Girths 2d October the Expedition paned Wel' -
4rieles Foreland, and on the 31 made Resolution
Istaml• having thereby completed their survey, and
,
00111% "Hy liacettoined that no passage exisis
from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through
IMITP Shiite' and Biffin's Bay, which they
fhtitid-ta be hileaded by land extending to the north ,
as fir &slat. 77. 55. in 'be longtitude of 77. W., and
to Ike west as far as the 84th decree, in the lat. of
74. N., and generally soarrounded by a chitin of
ountains. to no part of Bather's Bay did they
find any current, or dtift-wood, except a small
tnece Of fir with e' nail hilt, end bearing the mark of
the adze and ;oleo°, wl•ich was seen in lat. 76. 20.
long. 78. W. near Cape Clarence.
The depth of ware.r, on ihe east side and upper
part of the Bey, was Von-, L 6 t ' 400 fathoms ;11,6 on
thb nest side, vkiy'vriable, from 50 to 1050 fathoms.
.Substance; were brouc't up from this depth, and
from every part of their track, as also water; and
Atpccimeus of mineralogy and of the animal and ve-
dgetable kingdom; have been carefully preserved, and
eo attention paid to every str')ject which could con.
,
'athancement of natural knowledge or
'of scietiee.• The discoveries on the magnet needle
are likely, to be of the highest importance to na-
vigation. Ceptain Ross has also noted in his jeer.
cal a most particular description of the newly dis-
cementa nation, and of every circumstance. concern-
and it wilt certainly be deemed, not the
IMP itifer'estini event of the Arctic Etpeliti.,n, that
e rods ofbantati beings has been found inhabiting the
frozen regions,- between the latitudes of 76. and
.78. north, who thought that the world to the south
was ice—a People of whom generation has succeeded
generation, without ever having tasted the fruits of
the earth, wh I had no idea of a iupreme Being,
nem-had an enemy, and whose Chiefs had hitherto
supposed themselves to be Monarchs of the Universe
Oa the 4th of Oct. the ships bore up for England,
and on their pilotage borne steered fur Cape Farewell,
in order to determine the latitude and longitude of
that important headland ; but on the 9th, when with.
in 18 miles of is situation as laid down In the charti,
they were overtaken by a violent gale from the
Nortb-west, which obliged them to abandon that ob.:
ject and to part company. Both ships lost their-
quarter boats, but received no material damage, anjd
felt in with each other 'Lain on the 30th Oct., and on,
that day reached the• Shetland Islands. Here they'
remained a few days, and 'on the 17th Nov. arrived
sate in the Thames, haring performed the voyage in
,the ,port space of xis months, without the loss of a
min, and without even having had a man on the sick
list.
CS pt.insie In the highest' terms of. Lieut.
Parry, who cdoimand'ed: the Alesander, and of all
the Officers of 'both both Ships; find there not Hiving
been a single instance of punishment daring the voy-
age, is the best proof that can be given of tbe,stea-
'diness and rood chatiplinf of the fgoOleil employed in
• .
the Expedition.

• ,
. .
. WAtillstat9w, Nov. 16 —This fur, at twelve
Adak,- die Preddeut of the. Unitso States trans-
.
seittltlV both /Imam of V09f,11.3", by.bis Secretary,
kr. J. J. Monroe, thefollowlng
" FttLLOlf CITIZIOULtOf Tiff,Stiftiff, £lllll Of ;
TUE HOUGif 'Of
44 The auspicious circumstances under *hicii Tor
will commence the du'ies of the present Session, wilt
lighten the burden inseparable from the high trust
cotstaitterlto. you. The fruits of the earth have
heti eitatelly abetidarst; commerce has flourished ;
the reyenue has esceerted the .Inoikt favourahle anti-,
eipatiosi sod pe.rce Bpd amity are preserved with
feeeigisttofflass, too erseditiorwetost and ho no arable-
le oar mints,. Iror.these icestiesableblessioge,,we
cannot but be grateful to that Providence which
Matches over the destinies of nations.
As the term limited for die operation of the
tiornmeastial Conseution with Great Britain will ez-
Orst early, in the month of 'Lily nett, slid it was I
(homed, Apippitaat that there should be no intessat,
Altilissahisit that portion of ear commerce which I
lie providid for, by that Convention, should not be
regulated, either by arraogessent between the too
Grovernmentslnt by the nothority of, Co'ngress, the
Minister of the Veiled States at Load's was is-
strocted,early in the last summer, th invite the Wee-
d/Its 01 the British Goverorneilt to the.tibittet- Ile was
instructed to ptopote, also, thatthenegettiation which
it sea proposed to open, might eztend to the go.
beral commerce of the tWo inentries, sod to every
other interest and unsettled differeocebetween them;
pertiealarly those relating to intressment,. the
"sheriff, and boundaries, .in the hope. that as sr.
tenement might be made, on • principles of re-
tiprocal stleautsge, which might CoMpiettend and
provide in a satisfactory manner for all these high
Mincers,. I have the satisfaction to state, that
-the proposil was received by the British Groliern. •
went in the spirit, which prompted its and
that a neg .clation has been opened at London,
embraciog all these objects.. On Call consi-
deration of the great extent end magnitude of the
trust, it *ls thought proper to commit it to not less
than two of our distinguished Citizess; sod, in,
consequence, the Envoy Eatflordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of the (biter! gtetta,,ei Patio; has
been associated with one Envoy Eitittordinery end
Munster Plettipntentiert at London ; to both of
siva corresponding itistsuctions have
hen given
and they are now erigagettin the discharge of its do.
ek, It is proper, to add, that, to prevent any laver.
Wilience reselttog from the delay rocident to a ne,.
gocistion on so teeny Important subjects, it was
agreed, before entering on it, that the existing Con.
ttion should be continued for a term not less than
eight years.
" Our relations with Spain remain nearly h the
state in sell- h they remit the-close of the lest See.
sore. Tlie Convention 01.1102, providing for the
adjustment of a certain portion of the claims of our
vtizeris for injuries sustained ,by spoliation, and so
long suspended' by the'Spanish Government, has at
leases been -ratified by it,{ but no arrangeteent .has
yrit been Mae for the payment of another portion
of like claims, not less extensive or well totalled, or
for othil classes of claims, or for the settlement of
boundaries. These sunjects have again bees brought
under con, ideration in both countries, but no agree-
ment has been entered into respecting them. la the
mean time, events hive occurred which clearly prove
the id effect of the policy which that Government has
so long pursusal on the friendly relations of the two
countries, which, it is presumed, is at least of as much
importance to Spain as to the United States to main-
tain. A state of things has existed in the Florid's,
the tendency of which has been obvious to all who
have paid the slightest atienti-n to the progress of
affairs in that quarter. Throughout the *bole of
those provinces to which the Spanish title extends,
the Government of Spain has scar,ely been felt.—
Its authority has been confined, almost exclusively,
to the walls of Pensacola and St. Augustine, within
which only small garrisons have been maintained.—
Adventurers from every country, fugitives from just
that and absconding slavei, have found an asylum.
Several tribes of Indians, strong in the number of
their *imams, reimarkehip for their ferocity, aed
*hose settlements evend to our limits, inhabit those
Provinces. These different hordes of people, cod-
imented togetion, disregarding, on the one side, the
authority of Spain, and protected, on the other, by
an imaginary line which separates Florida from the
United States, have violated our laws prohibiting the
iutroductitin of slaves, have practised various frauds
on oar revenue, and committed every kind of out-
rage on our peaceable citizens which their proximity
to us enabled them to penetrate. The invasion of
Amelia Island last year, by a small band of adven-
turers, not exceeding 150 in number, who wrested it
from the inconsiderable Spanish force stationed there,
end held it several months, during which a feeble et.
Jost only was outdate recover it, which failed, elehe-
ly proves how completely extinct the Spanisii
astho
rity had become; istv.the conduct of those Avon.
term, while in possession of the island,
as distinctly
shows the pernicious purposes for which their com-
binatinn had been formed.
" This country had, in fact,, become the theatre::
of every species of lawless adventure. With I{trte
population of its own, the Spasidi authority almost
.tettinci,„eed the Colonial Governments in a state of
resolution, having . no pretension to it, and. 'OS
.-
employed in" their own concerns, jt was in
sleet miasere dereliCf; and the object of cupidity to
.every adventurer. A system of bocaniering was
rapidly organising ever, it, .whick menaced, in IM
conictioruces) the law's' costuming% every nation,
-••• Lt,•.itsl4l4ll. 4:.: • ,••.

A i . /1,..1. ; "...I
tod.particalarly of the United ntatell..lintele it pee.
sainted a temptation to every lasople, en ofinsotecloe.
tint' its limpet prinelpallioopenderl. In regard to 'hi
United States, the 'pernicious,erects of this noiew. -
ful combination was not confined to the Keen ;
the Indian tribes havecOriatittitid ,the ertetleta fon.
in Florida. With tirse tribes thee' adventonert
had fornied, at an srly perind, a connection,
with a view to even thilioitiree 01 that force to pro.
mote their own prifeats of accomelefion-end age
grandisement. It is ti the interference of some of
those adventureet, in misrepresenting the chiles elrid
titles of the Indians to 14doild in Preptioloe on their
savage propensities, that the'leisioole war ks prityil-
ttilly sts ke traced. ''rei wlio thus ectemept them-
siltees !lib' loyal, tO`rnetisartnet; J. etlhelate WC%
to Wait, 'wrath is al o aye attended ois no* part ltk
sets of barbarity the most sheeting, rleaesee.to,be .
viewed iti a worse light than the Savages. I:befstoplil
certainly have no claim to an inraiwnity trmst.,;he ,
ponbisment which, according to the ides of war fsre .
practised by the tempi, might justly be inflicted on
the savages thenielves.
66 If the enibirrassreents ofms* *mated bee
Si
from making an indemnity 'to our eitisena, for sea • . ,
long a time; from her Tresieri, fur their Losses hr 1
spoliation, and otherwise, it was always in 'lief power
to Sive 'provided it, by the cession of Ibis Aerr)toeys .
Of thii, her Government had been repeatesilr Apo
prised ; and the cession we's ihe more tribe andel..
paced; as Spain must have known that, le cediug it,
she Would in effect cede What hid' become of little
I vales to her and would likewise relieve herself fete
the important obligation secured' by thisTreatyof
171)5, and all other compromitesenta reepectiag Ito—
If the United States, from otresidtralinoof rip**.
birrassments, declined pretnine..their claim, jtti •
..
Spirit' of hostility, the Motive ought at l.'ast tolseyll
been duly appreciated by 'the Gesernment of Spain. ....,•
If is well known to het Govererneet thatothee .
Powers have made to the United States as idetnniiy
' for like tosses, sustained by their citizens at thetas' '
epoch.
16 There is, nevertheless, a limit beyoed ergts
this spirit of amity and forbearance eau in no hunter*
-be justified. If it was proper to rely on amicable -'
opt
:bare .
negocistien fat an indettioity for losses, it would opt
:bare been xo, to have permitted the Weblike of er
Spain to fulfil her engagements, rod to auselthilar
authority in the Florida,, to be perverted by foreign
'bootee/fa and savages, to purposes so riestrectiee
to the lives of 011 r. 1/410w-citizen', end thy hiCtest
'Wert/its Of the United Stale a.' I"4l;eight.esfi kt-
d, .esce Dever erases. It is. awing the oioat Inereti,
and alike nttcessary to *glens sOrd to itsateaduilor:-.
Ant!, whether the ettscitibe, *Ow by Spedoklittlevit,
or by those who show bee ..poweioatt iiiiigetiotle
not the less 'term*.' oche hoes:dere rit'Attypi, IN
had assumed a paPitiar aisti -040444 tlifikilAt* •
which they might approach and wound erti
was
object as distinctly seen, and 014100,11 K .
...,
~,,..-
t' e Esecutive, by en existing taws.isialt prof ntny
felt, that meek was not permitied4Perstett thirst.--
It we; •thooght iticumbeitt on the United Stains ,lo
suppress the establishment, and it was accost:No.oy
done. The combinatiew I. Fletinlerinl'sliriatiltl.-
fel purposes stated, the acts perpetrahleif 4..04
eisinbioation, and, above all, the inekement of She
Indians to messiere our fellowicititens, of wary
age, and of bath sexes, merited a like treatment, and
received it. In pureeing these savages to en Wee.
nary line io the woods, it would have been tke
height of fully to have suffered that line to pretest
them. lied that been done, the war coed Mew
cease. Even if the territory had been exclimisely
that of Spain, and her power complete over it, mm
had a right, by the law of nations, to follow th•
enemy on it, and to sohdue him there. Bet the tee.
ritory belonged, in a certain sense at least, to the
savage enemy who inhabited it, the power of Spain
had ceased to exist over it, and protection was
sought, under her title, by those who had commit•
ted on our citizens hostilities, which she was booed
by Treaty to have prevented, bet had not the power
.0 prevent. To have stopped at that line, wottliil
have given new encooragemeut to these savages, end
11011 vigour to the whole combination existing there,.
in the prosecution of all its pernicious purposes.
" In suppressing the establishment at Amelia
Island, no unfriendlineatt was mattifested towards
Spain, because tile post was taken from a forms
o tiich had wrested it from her. The measure, •it wee
true, was not adopted in concert with the Spanish
Government, or those in authority under. it; be...
cause, in transactions erinnee,efl with the war jia
which Spain end her Colonies ate engaged, it was
thought proper, in doing justice to the United
States, to maintain a strict initortiality towards hada,
the Belligerent Parties,' without consulting or acting
in concert eith eitbets , If rives me Mestere to sate.,
that the Governmentit of Buenos Ayterend Vcnii.
ZOO', whose names were assumed, pale eseitchir
disclaimed all participation in those meetintee ' end
oven the knowledge of them, until 'coatien.rielted by
lois Government ; and have also expressed ti air M.
lisfaction, that a course of proceeding had been sop.
waled, which, if justly imputable to them, would.
elishonnor Moir raise. '
" In aothotizi7g_Major•General Jecksen to enter
iFlori.la in pursuit of the Sereinoles, care was Ukase
snot to encroach on .'oi rights of Spaie. I regret tsa
*aye to add, that, executing tt.is order, facts were
.disclosed respecting the continct of the Officers of
pain in authority there, in eneeereging the war,
arni•hing munitions of war, sad ether supplies to
am i y it on, and in othereels etiOtresweirked, !hi*
evinced their participation Wl* oat le .pur imam of
lear combination, and justiAed the confidence with
which it inspired the saveges, that by those Olivetti
they *O4l be protected.,: A eonilact so isotope&
ble with the friendly restless existing between the

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