The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-06-07 00:00:00

8 Second Division.
9 Front From Line

MOVEMENTS AND

EXERCISE.
1 Advance in Open Column from the Right.
2 Form Line to the Left on the new alignment.
3 Advance in Echellon from the Left.
4 Squadrons Right Wheel.
5 Form Line on the Third Squadron.
6 The Line will advance.
7 Open Column in Rear of the Left.
8 Close Column on the Third Squadron Left in Front.
9 The Column will Advance.
10 Deploy on the Third Squadron.
11 Ist Line, Open Column of Troops to the Left. 2nd,
Retire in Column of Troops from the Right of the
Fourth Squadron, and Form Line in Rear of the First.
12 The First Line will Attack to the Front, at the Halt, the
Second will Advance by Threes from the Right of
Squadrons, pass through the intervals of the First Line
about 20 yards, and form to the Front.
13 2nd Line Attack to the Front, at the Halt Form inverted
by the advance and wheel about of Troops, both Lines
will then send out Skirmishers and commence Firing
at each other for a short time at the Halt.
14 The First Line will Retire and at the bottom of the
Ground call in Skirmishers, and by Threes change

position Left Back.
The Second will Form on its Left by Column of Troops
Succession from the Right of Squadrons, when its
bead arrives on the Left of the First it will Form Line
to the Rear on the Leading Troop.
15 Change Front to the Right.
16 Close Column on the Fifth Squadron Right in Front.
17 Attack by Squadrons and Retire by Threes from the
Flanks. _ .

------• W into
18 The Column will take Ground to the Right{ Lineheel when
19 Advance in Column of Troopsfrom the Right
at the Halt
20 The Line will Attack to the Front the Third Squadron

directs.
21 Retire by Threes from the Right of Squadrons (and form
_ .

Line.).
22 Advance in Parade Order and Salute

At the close of the review Lieutenant-Colonel Marten (who
was accompanied by several other officers) addressed Colonel
Egerton, and complimented him in very warm terms as to
the efficiency and appearance of the regiment, and expressed
his surprise to see several complicated movements so admi-
rably performed. Previous to separating the men gave three
enthusiastic cheers. The proceedings, we are happy to say,
passed off without any accident, and appeared to give great
delight to the numerous assemblage. The " creature com-
forts" were not forgotten by the purveyors of substantials,
several booths and stalls being erected for the accommoda-
tion of those who had " a penchant for beer." We ought
not to omit noticing, in terms of commendation, the orderly
and gentlemanly deportment of the Cheshire Yeomanry while
in this town.

CHURCH RATES.—Sir J. Easthope has placed on the
Commons' book a notice, that on Thursday, the 16th of
June, he will move for leave to bring in a bill " To abolish
church-rates, and to make other provisions in lieu thereof,
for the maintenance of churches and chapels in England and
Wales."
The forthcoming races, and the days on which they fall,
are as follows :—Ascot, June 7; Hampton, June 15; Chel-
tenham, June 20 : Newmarket, July 5 ; Southampton, July
19 ; Goodwood, July 26 ; Brighton, August 3 ; and Egham,
August 23.

Tin; YEOMANRY OF ENGLAND.—We hare dwelt upon
this point because it seems to us to be of cardinal importance
in attaining a clear view of the whole course of the history of
the English people. If there is one circumstance which
peculiarly rivets the reader's attention, in consulting such
contemporary authorities as bear on national habits, it is the
superior condition of the body of the people in England to
that in the neighbouring continental states. The great

tier s-etat of this kingdoni seems to subsist in the same rude
out substantial prosperity, nearly through all the revolutions
which we survey. From the time of the Norman invaders
to the present day, observers who have crossed the channel to
our shores have made the same remarks on the flourishing
Appearance of the great agricultural class. It was a charac-
:.; of England, quite as much in the days of feudalism,
or of the Tudor monarchy, as it has been ever since the
revolution ; and it is scarcely less absurd to attribute to that
great event our deliverance from wooden shoes and soup-
maigre than to set down the character of the English yeoman
as the offspring of the English constitution, of which it is in
truth the cause. Had the warriors of Hengist and Horse

subdued Britain in the same manner in which the Franks
conquered Gaul, or the Lombards Italy ; had the Britons
been reduced to the condition of the provincials on the con-
tinent; we might have had cities of more early greatness,
freer municipal institutions, more relics of the grandeur and
peculiar civilization of the dark ages, but we should not have
had the English yeomanry ; and, wanting it, we should have
wanted that which, in our fond belief, has rendered England,
even from old, the paragon of countries.—Edinburgh Review.
A GHOST OUTWITTED.—A short time ago a joke, too
good not to be narrated, was played upon a jolly old worthy
at one of our inns, in the town of . This scion of the
Bacchanalian school, be it understood, laid siege to the bot-
tle and barrel for several days. Some of his red-nosed com-
panions being aware of the circumstance, and thinking that
he was doing it rather too hard, agreed upon trying an ex-
periment to frighten him into a more sober way. Night being
fixed upon for the joke, away they went to the inn described,
and there they found his worship in a back parlour, quite in-
toxicated, and fast asleep. Whilst in this apparently happy
state he was taken and placed full-length inside a coffin,
which had been procured for the job. Having slept in this
receptacle for the dead for some three or four hours he awoke,
and upon raising himself up he gazed about him, first on one
side of the coffin and then on the other, muttering to himself,
as he viewed the melancholy piece of furniture, " Where am
I ? Whare have I gotten to ?" Whilst in the act of saying
so, a tall portly-looking figure, shrouded in a white sheet,
walked from a large cupboard, and,
box, faintly whispered, " You are dead." " Dead ! said
Oil marching up,tos PS
the disciple of Bacchus, fixing his eyes steadfastly P.
object before him ; "Aye,' an' boo lang,hae I d too?"
" A week," answered the ghost. "An areaydohoo king ban
" Yes," replied the spectre. -‘ Hech, sirs, as -
aid the ghost.
13deec iaiu_cl°ead ?"
ye been dead, 1 say ?" " A fortnight,"
B r than I do,
" Here, then, lad," responded the interrocaettuor, putting his
hand into his pocket, " ye ken, this place
bring us twa battles o' This was too good for the
ghost, and, before be could well get out of the room, he burst
into an immoderate fit oflaughter.—Glasgow paper.

CORRESPONDENCE.

THE EDUCATION QUESTION

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SIR,--1 hope you will be kind enough to publish the fol-
lowing few remarks in your next journal, from a constant
reader, and as they may cause some little odium to be cast
upon you for the plain and constitutional language in which
they are couched, I trust you will not consider it derogatory
to your true Protestant principles to let this paragraph appear
verbatim.—ln reading the proceedings of the last council
meeting, on the confirmation of the report of the education
committee, I was utterly amazed to see that derilection of a
manly, constitutional, and true Protestant principle, mani-
fested by some sophisticated philanthropists who assume the
name of Protestants and supporters of God's eternal truth.
Now let us see how they support that truth, and how tht y
protest against the doctrines of that man Pope Pius the 4th,
the twelve articles of whose creed contains every thing con-
trary to the true and inspired word of God, and at the same
time receiving that apostatizing support from the few deluded
conservatives who now constitute a portion of our town
council, whose pernicious sentiments, if promulgated in the
present day, cannot fail to excite alarm in the minds of all
who are alive to the interests and the religion of their coun-
try. Those nominal conservative councillors to whom I al-
lude are now in sound reality endeavouring, in their way, to
introduce again those doctrines which do nothing more than
inculcate a spirit of reckless insubordination fraught with
impiety—dissolving every social tie, and reducing men to
the wild and lawless state of nature. Such doctrine as this
they want to be openly taught in a Protestant country, which
would be readily listened to and inculcated by the surpliced
demagogues of popish thraldom. It is incumbent, there-
fore, upon the constituency of this great Protestant town to
antagonize such dangerous principles and diminish the force
of those evils by marching up to our post of duty on the first
day of November next, and record our 'votes for such gentle-
men as will not compromise their principles for all the expe-
diency man can invent. Again, their Protestantism consists
in sitting in the council chamber and hearing the most sar-
castical, ironical, and irreverent epithets applied to our evan-
gelical and gospel ministers with impunity, and without the
slightest emotions of a spirit of defence, and likewise in the
non-co-operation with those gentlemen who, I am thankful
to see, will not be shaken from, their principles by all the
radical doggrel vented forth against them. Again, it has
been mooted that a proposition is, or ought to be made, to
admit all parties into the schools again ; if so, we then must
withdraw our children again, and allow error to supersede
truth again ; but I hope and trust the few stanch and un-
flinching members on. the education committee will no longer
be gulled with such fallacious nonsense ; and in conclusion.
I beg to say to those gentlemen of such easy Protestant be-
lief, " Do ye not therefore err because ye know not the
scriptures nor the power of God"—Mark xii. 24. I could
say much on this subject, but as a poor operative I am afraid
you will consider this an intrusion In your esteemed journal;
and although poor in pocket I have as rich a respect for the
Protestant institutions of my country as the wealthiest gen-
tleman in the good old Protestant town of Liverpool.—l
remain, Sir, your obedient servant,
A BURGESS AND PROTESTANT.
Liverpool, 7th June, 1842.

ORANGE PROCESSIONS,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

I find in a leading article in Saturday's Journal, headed
Orange Processions," (after an insidious attempt to take
credit for a concern for the public peace,) the following re-
marks on the Carpenters' intended procession :
" We are sorry, however, to find that we had rather pre-
maturely given them credit for good sense, and that they have
postponed their meeting only to ally it with everything absurd
and offensive in a procession on the 12th of July, along with
the orangemen, on the anniversary of the Battle of the
Boyne.

" This procession may end peaceably, or it may not. We
rather fear it will not, and that a deliberate insult cannot be
offered to one third of the population of the town, that third,
as we are over and over again told by their libellers, the most
ignorant, worthless, and excitable, without very serious re-
sults."

There are two or three things in these remarks that I ob-
ject to. In the first place I cannot conceive how such a
procession can be absurd. It may, perhaps, be offensive,, so
offensive that in the editor's opinion it would be a deliberate
insult to one-third of the population of the town. Suppose
it is granted that it would thus insult so many of the popu-
lation, I think the other two-thirds have as great a right to
commemorate the anniversary of an occasion which was the
foundation of order and good government, as the first third
has to celebrate the anniversary, on the 17th March, of their
patron saint, coupling it with the fact that in that procession
far more offensive emblems are displayed than are likely to
be on the 12th of July.

I think, sir, that it is such persons as the writer of the
article alluded to that go far to cause such results as he

anticipates

The writer proceeds,—

" But the thing is in itself, and apart from those feelings
against which it is directed, most wicked and unpatriotic,
and all the cant of charity and loyalty cannot disguise the
deadly feeling of civil hate which is at the bottom of it."
" Wicked and unpatriotic." I suppose this loyal editor
considers it wicked to offend the feelings of his own party,
and unpatriotic to carry emblems and make a public pro-
fession of loyalty.

The carpenters and orangemen are good men and true, and
will not be cowed by the croakings of the Journal raven.
The procession I hope and believe will take place. Those
who form it will not give cause for any breach of the peace ;
if there should be one it will arise from a quarter which has
never been backward in insubordination to law as well as
in disloyalty.—l remain, &c.,

AN ENGLISH PROTESTANT,

ORANGE PROCESSION

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

Sin,—" Argus" having retired from the controversy he
so foolishly provoked, I feel no desire to keep him before the
public. He commenced by fancifully supposing I wrote to
assist the STANDARD out of a dilemma, and ended by actu-
ally calling in the editor of the Journal to help him out of
his. I will not break a bruised fly upon a wheel, but merely
observe, with the best of good feeling, " Requiescal in pace."
Being but a " Recruit," I tremble to break a lance with
the Colossean editor of the Journal; but as a cat may look
at a king, so I have ventured to look at the editor's perform-
ance, and observe as follows :—I wonder he did not find out
on the 17th March that " public processions" were " sense-
less mummeries." I think the carpenters owe him nothing
for his back-handed compliment ; for, in spite of the hint
that the article was only meant to be laudatory, it strikes me
they would have had no paragraph of praise had there not
been a contemplated design to cast the reflection which
follows.

The Orangemen of Liverpool have no desire to offend.
They stood the crooking of the thumb on last St. Patrick's
day, when disloyal flags were paraded in front of the proces-
sion, and the British standard kept in the rear; and it is
quite preposterous to talk of Englishmen being put down
from exhibiting their loyalty because some men are " excit-
able"—l will not say ignorant or worthless"—to please
even the editor of the Journal. We are told that the battle
of the Boyne was a cenflict of nations. I contend it was a
battle for principles. Englishmen and Irishmen were in both
armies, although not in the same proportion. We mean no
insult to the fallen ; but we cherish the recollection of that
day on account of the glorious results which followed. Loyal
Roman Catholics have been known to view it in this light,
and if they are now altered, I hope their gratitude did not
cool after emancipation and reform had been obtained. The
editor shews his good taste in speaking with decency and re-
spect of one of England's kings, and gives applause to his
general conduct. I hope his readers will imitate his example,
and sink the " Dutchman" in the British monarch.
We challenge no one ; we insult no one ; our wish is to
march as a loyal body of Britons upon the anniversary of a
day favourable to liberty and patriotism. It would be de-
grading our rulers to suppose they lacked either will or abi-
lity to protect us, so long as they countenance other bodies—
perhaps not quite so loyal. With their permission, therefore,
we will show our reverence for the memory of that " great
and good king," who won the lioyne, and saved our nation.
—Your's, &c.,

- AN ORANGEMAN & PURPLE MARKSMAN.
June 6th, 1842.

The first navigition act in England was passed in the year
1386.

~Tiv
e and twenty suits are entered in the Exchequer by the
Attorney-General against landlords in the county Limerick,
for recovery of advances out of the tithe million fund.

The mar►iage of the hereditary Prince of Coburg, brother
of Prince Albert, with the Princess Alexandria Louisa Ame-
lia, daughter of the Grand Duke of Baden, is to take place
shortly. —

A schoolmaster describing a money-lender, says, "He
serves you in the present tense, he lends you in the condi-
tional mood, keeps you on the conjunctive, and ruins you in
the future."

---
It is— in contemplation, under the sanction of the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of London, as soon as
funds can be raised, to build a sailors church on shore, in
the neighbourhood of St. Katherine's docks.
_

in full
---- -
There is now to be seen in a garden, then roperty of Mrs.
Toward, Stanhope, in Weardale, an appe, arly four inches
in circumference, and in a healthy state ; what make the cu-
riosity more striking is the fact of the tree being
blossom.

The Lord Lowther transport has just sailed for China,
laden with upwards of a thousand tons of bread for the use
of the naval and military force there. She also carries out
several of the flat-bottomed boats required for service in the
Chinese rivers.

A young man of Rheims, named Bernier, having received
a sum of money for entering the army as a substitute, deter-
mined,
portion of it in
an intimacy a
with a girl of
licentious
before his
erea d, eapoadrtuforerto,
formed
the town. On the morning of the 25th instant, after
pass-
ing the night together in a house of ill fame, they went down
into the common room, and each called for a glass of brandy,
but before either of them had drank another paramour of the
girl came in, and she, in spite of the remonstrances of Ber-
nier, resolved to go away with him. Upon this Bernier, in
his exasperation, took a pistol from his pocket, and dis-
charging it at the girl laid her dead at his feet. He attempted
to fly, but was secured with the pistol in his hand.
THE KING OF THE FRENCH.—A correspondent of a...!
London Times says, in a letter to that journal, "the rumours
which have lately gained current in London, as to the ftliot
health of Louis Philip, are, I regret to learn, 1143,!b1a Ma-
foundation. In spite of an appearance of strengtft been a
jesty the King of the French has for some time Pro of un-
great sufferer, and his ailment has become a l'ou't and his
easiness to his deeply-attached and devoted. on nof physicianas
affectionate family. At a recent consultation
as general
the features of his Majesty's disorder,
:elusion arrive
health, were narrowly examined. The fToidty present was,
by the distinguished members of the
.s
statemen on ampleate
I make
that the disease was dropsy.
i and serious."
authority. His Majesty's life maYeurn tel
danger, but the coo Taint has pecostnLEsic._ immediate
In the Court of
A POPISH PRIEST EATING BI;he ReV. Denis Magreevy ,
following
H d 1- -, to make the _on.
eorge an coc., and:
Queen's Bench, on the 2nd inst., " • j apology, for having
was compelled the 1-1 ltar. " Mr. Han,
for haying denounced bun
further proceedings against me,.
ted to forego
cal retraction were made by
ohtibe in any
having consented slandered the character of
from
d unegm" I ' i t
provided a public an
cast upon um n he publications.
c'criminal infor •me of the imputationsorder for a . !nation Was ob-
which the
self not only justified in declaring, but
upon
• d I feel my that I was misled in relation to Mr.
taine , wledge, the a .
of those •
mote. t ng sympathy for some of
bound to ackn?that
none
Handcock, and ' I acted upon misrepresentations made to
my parishion-
ers anclu who I bad thought had been hardly treated ;
rs and flock, by an imprudent
e .nfinenced zeal for their pro-
and ' 1 transgressed the line of duty. I am now quite-
have 15
tection,
Mr. Handco k'
satisfied that . c s conduct was upright and ins-
eennder a ro
partial, both as a magistrate and as a gentleman. The attack
dsaisavow d to have been
re made
on upoon him by me in the chapel yard I
and in lati t I have now to express m that I have been misrepresented.
n elr..
y
the slightest degree wou d d A
very sincere regret for- having in
.
gentleman or impeached Handcock's feelings as &
his character as a Magiatrate, and to, acknowledge his kindness and forbearance in not prosecuting
the costs, as between attorney
this information. I therefore consent p y Mr. Handcock
in this proceeding, he havin;... kindly accepted this apology,
and consented Uot to proceed further in this case.
~
and client,, he has incurred
" DENIS MAGREEVIC.

warrant us in apathetically remaining in statu quo, as if the
-vs of matter, which regulate the subject, peremptorily and
'rarily laid it down that " thus far shalt thou go, and no
" for the achievements, partially developed, of late
skill and enterprise of individuals, give a death
lbw to so discouraging an assumption, and would rather fa-
vour the conclusion—humbling as it may be to our pride of ad-
vancement—particularly as regards stpam navigation, that it
is as yet comparatively in its infancy. So little, indeed, has
hitherto heen accomplished in reducing naval architecture to
definite principles for the attainment of definite enda, that
no two shipbuilders, if left without limitation to carry out
their own views, appear to entertain the same opinion, either
in the modelling of vessels, in the precise proportion and
kind of materials to be employed, or the manner of putting
them together, so as to attain, by a given expenditure, the
desired strength, speed, durability, and adaptation for any
peculiar service ; and, though some have been eminently suc-
cessful, few of them, as might be reasonably expected from
this indulgence in vague fancies and speculations, can safely
venture to predict, with any degree of accuracy, the good
qualitiss of a ship while she is yet on the stocks. Experi-
ment alone can accurately decide the question ; and though
broad and acknowledged principles may to some extent be
relied upon, his most sanguine expectations are more fre-
quently not realized than exceeded. Much is left to chance,
both as regards speed and durability ; with respect to
the material, should it be, as it generally almost wholly of
wood, be it selected with whatever care, d however appa-
rent its adaptation, h hopes are often defeated by its pre-
mature and unexpected decay. In the fashion or model of
our Briiish ship, we for ages appear to have studied safety,
to the almost total exclusion of highs speed. Our bluff bows
and full sterns gave our vessels, indeed, a buoyancy, like that
of our present light-ships, to resist the severest storms when
there was ample sea-room; but rapid sailing, and the conse-
quent propertr of working off a lee shore when imminent
danger presented itself, were not amongst their qualities, and
the fatalities in such emergencies were frequent and often
le. By a dogged adherence to the practice of the
and to principles partly admitted and partly indefinite,
. our ships of war became obviously sluggish in compari-
'n with the sharper vessels of several continental nations :
yet a long time elapsed before our hardy navigators could
bring themselves to relinquish their fullness, and bluff-
ness of construction to which they had so long been ac-
customed ; and the circumstance that our enemies' cruisers,
and French and other smugglers, were eventually enabled,
by their sharpness of build, to elude their pursuit, alone com-
pelled 'them, reluctantly, to relax their stubborn opinions,
and to adopt that fineness of model which combined rapidity
of sailing with adequate security. It is notorious that, though
intrinsically a maritime nation, we were ever, until of late
years, in the rear in the attainment of these desiderata, if we
except, perhaps, an occasional smart frigate or sloop of war,
and that even during our last contest with France and Ame-
rica, some of our fastest ships (we may instance the Pique
frigate, previously the French Pallas) were of foreign
build, captured by our dauntless tars, whose prowess
on the ocean was ever transcendent. If such was the
prejudice formerly entertained with regard to the mo-
dels of ships, and such its very slow dislodgement from
the minds of even practical men, no great surprise need
be excited by observing a still inore rooted predilection in be-
half of wood, as par excellence the only safe and appropriate
material for ship-building ; for, so long were we accustomed
to its exclusive use, and so intimately connected are all our
associations of the enterprise, adventure, and triumph of our
countrymen on the high seas, with our " wooden walls," that
such a feeling is not only natural, but patriotic; and if, after
the results of the last few years in the employment of a harder
material, an adherence to such a partiality may be deemed a
frailty, it is surely one which, considering all the circum-
stances and the absence of correct information,—" leans to
virtue's side." Two principal causes have probably operated
on the public mind to confirm this prejudice against iron,
as a material for ship-building,—namely, its weight and tend-
to sink in masses, and its supposed liability to rapid cor-
The first objection, a very slight exercise of reflection
must effectually dissipate. An iron ship is lighter and more
buoyant than a wooden ship, and equally strong, or even much
stronger, and by the appliance of water-tight bulk heads, a hole
or breakage in any part of her bottom (of an extent that would
involve the sinking of a wooden vessel), would only produce
the inconvenience of admitting the water into one compart-
ment, leaving the ship still afloat and sea worthy. On the
other hand, no ship can sail profitably or safely without
heavy ballast or cargo, and in the event of such an accident
occurring, and she could not be kept free, a wooden ship
would sink as surely, though perhaps a little more slowly,
than an iron one, under similar circumstances, and without
the advantage of bulk-heads ; and as we cannot see either the
philosophy or humanity of thus prolonging the sufferings of
those on board under such a casuality, particularly if the ves-
sel be some hundred miles from land, this point may, we think
be considered as disposed of. And with respect to the corri-
sion of iron ships, it is found that in vessels kept constantly in
use, it is not nearly so rapid and insiduous as the decay in
wood, from dry-rot and other causes, and will probably ere
long be entirely averted by chemical appliances, and atten-
tion to cleaning the plates with which they are, as it were,

years, by t 1

inevitab'
tia

rosion

planked.
The writer of this notice having frequently been at sea,
particularly before the introduction of iron in the building of
sea-going vessels, could not for a long time divest himself of
a prepossession in behalf of the monarch of the wood, for such
a purpose. The facts, however, that have recently transpired
gave him pause, and eventually led him to an opposite con-
clusion ; and however much the expression of his conviction
that iron is in some points quite equal, and in many superior
to the best timber for ship-building, may subject him to that
unpopularity which frequently and unhappily attaches itself
to the advocates of bold innovation, he hesitates not to make
the avowal, in the assurance that when the subject is fairly
investigated, others yet stubborn in withholding their faith
in its adaptation, will be induced to relinquish their erroneous
opinions, and yield to the evidence which experience is rend-
ering eve day more and more incontrovertable. If we feel
some ractance to abandon even false impressions, because
the mitfd has habitually accommodated itself to them as true,
there is at least a redeeming grace and satisfaction in candid-
ly acceding to the truth, where it irresistably bursts upon us,
—and truth must in the end prevail with the sensible portion
of mankind. With reference to the present subject, the ac-
knowledgement is matter of congratulation rather than of re-
gret. We have for many years back witnessed the scarcity
and high price of good timber, for the requirements of our
navy, and for our more extensive mercantile marine, and the
rapid increase of both services has rendered an adequate sup-
ply of suitable materials, a subject of deep and serious con-
cernment, not only to individuals, but to the nation at large.

It cannot, therefOre, but be gratifying to every patriotic
mind, to find that the deficient supply of timber from our
forests, may be amply and readily compensated for by an ad-
mirable and even more durable material, from the mines of our
own country, without impelling us to the necessity of appro-
priating to the extensive growth of oak large breadths of
land, especially required, with our growing population, for
the culture of the edible productions of the soil.
With these impressions, we hail the appearance of the first
practical treatise on iron ship-building that has fallen under
our notice, and the first which, in a regular and tangible
form, has challenged the scientific and nautical world to a
full and fair enquiry into the important questions at issue,
and on which a great diversity of opinion is entertained,
founded for the most part on mistaken assumptions. The
able, argumentative, and fearless manner in which the au-
thor treats his subject, is not on;ar honourable to him as a
judicious but resolute adventurer on this yet scarcely trodden
and somewhat perilous ground ; but the testimony he ad-
duces, and the deductions he so clearly draws from it will,
we trust, tend to enlighten the public on a topic too long en-
shrouded in the mists of prejudice and error ; and, assuming
hire to be accurate in his conclusions, (of which we have not
ourselves the remotest doubt,) will hasten the advent of a
new and more propitious era in the history of navigation all
over the world, and entitle him, in an especial manner, to
the gratitude of his own countrymen.
Mr. Grantham, a civil engineer, is an active partner in a
highly respectable iron establishment in this town ; and has
had very considerable experience (over a period of eighteen
years) in his principal vocation as an iron ship-builder. In
this age of authorship, when the mass of the productions of
the press are too generally, fanciful, ephemeral, questionably
useful, or often pernicious, we welcome with no little pride
and gratification a work from the pen of a townsman, which,
though comparatively small and altogether unassuming, will
probably excite a wholesome agitation of the important sub-
ject under consideration, and eventually lead, both in this
Country and elsewhere, to a great and profitable extension of
trade and commerce.—which are, after all, the chief pioneers
of civilization and refinement. The ocean is the grand high-
'ay between nation and nation, and every improvement we
all effect in the speed, safety, and durability of the vehicles
l'lw,bich we traverse its mighty waters, constitutes a perma-
nent gain-to thegeneral interests of humanity.
oiTtb,e_w_ork isidegdicated to Thomas Sands, Esq., chairman
lecture delivered
Committee, of this town, and is founded on a
sci-
entific a"tred by the author some weeks ago, before a
larged ti-Y7Q:l„l,lv gratified audience, and which he has en-
the teati,,,r additional facts and arguments, derived from
various parts off other practical and talented individuals
rience• In the et.oll kingdom, a 3 well as from his own expc-
expresses himself'''. rgeof some introductory remarks he thus
• I should not have ventured upon such a topic had my
previous impressions not
exertions stimulated, been strengthened, and my humble
bymore mature
favourable opinion of several
gentlemen on whose Luo mature judgment I can implicitly
rely ; shee with the advantages,,havtia I must, in consider-
ation of difficulties 15
whied to encounter, and of the
- intervals of leisure
/ford, solicit the indulgence of Vay
,!rrduous occupations
my fellow embers in be-
n me tom an extent which
I of an essay which has grown
I did not at first anticipate. I have sought everywhere forh
gw;etoveiret timber and iron
ornerits of a practical nature roge.l,atthhino,
of an
loc
;hips_somethin,,vthat I could take as foundationtrle
which I could
dworks relating
rnent —some historical view. s
and very itu
rgn •
arry ont and enlarge. Excepting,
)lely to timber vessels, or some few detached
1--...tches of iron vessels—and scarcely any, on either -
of a practical nature—l could obtain little
determined
Assistance from published documents. I therefore or no
to take an independent course, and to trust more to it
observations. and to information derived from those' Own
would kindly assist i
•n all probability, a fruitless search.
And here permit me to n collecting it, than to waste my
who
me
efforts in a further and,
I thank several friends, to whom I
have applied for information,
for the uniform readiness with
and to state t
which they have replied to my inquiries, further stair Shat
additi
1 shall have much pleasure in receiving
from any one who will
to
the facts I have already collected,
favour me by supplying them•'
an interesting digest
were
Our author sets out with furnishing
of the early history of iron vessels, some of which built.
forty years ago, and are supposed to be still in existlepecree.
They were first, it appears, introduced on our canals, s'h
they are I inane
yet found to be superior to wooden vessels
most trying work, as well as in durability. The Aaron
by, now in France, the first iron steamer that ever put to sea ;
the iron steamers on the Shannon, originally introduced by
the author's father now deceased • and the more general in-
troduction of iron vessels afterwards' sea-goers,
port, Glasgow, kke
,are then • adverted to. He next furnish es
an interesting outline
ne of the most approved modes of con-
structing iron vessels in essential l points from the keel up-
wards, the whole of which is amply illustrated' by accurate
drawings. He also suggests the substitution of iron for wood
in the decks and other of iron vessels, where the latter
material is still retaineldartThe reader is then introduced to
the question, considered commercially, and the superiority of
safets, d "I
iron vessels is shown—in strength, combined with lightness—
great capacity for stowage—
Pee --urabilit '' y—eco-

perfect sn

" But how stands the case when we turn to iron? Where
is the frame, even of the most intricate form, that our smiths
cannot mould? Where the frame or beam so large that
iron cannot be found of which to fashion it, and that, too,
if need be, without a scarf? Here there are no knots, no
sap, no cutting across the grain. Here there is no useless
timber, placed merely to fill in, or to cross buts. Here
every inch of material is of service, and every scrap applied
to some useful end."
He afterwards adds on this point—
" If we view the subject with respect to very large vessels
--ships of the line or first-class steamers, in which inter-
mediate decks are not only not objectionable, but requisite
for the guns and stores, and in which entire or partial bulk-
heads may be multiplied without causing much inconveni-
ence—we have in iron the means of dividing the shell into
small sections, affording the strongest supports directly op-
posed to the strains that tend to disturb the form of the
plates, and in the direction in which they can least resist
such strains. The sides between these decks and bulkheads
would be strengthened by the ordinary mode of framing.
In addition to this, the lower part of the vessel might be
again intersected by longitudinal divisions; and these decks,
bulkheads, and subdivisions would not only be securely fas-
tened to the shell, but to each other,—the whole thus becom-
ing a mass of almost irresistible strength, meeting the strains
in whatever direction they might arise, while, at the same
time, the weight would be far below that of a timber vessel
of only moderate scantling, and the room for stowage would
be much greater."
In comparing the fastenings of iron ships with those of
wooden vessels he says—
" A most elaborate system of bracing by iron straps,
knees, and bolts with nuts, in addition to the ordinary knees,
diagonal internal planking, stringers, &c. is now pursued.
Tree-nails used to secure the planking are giving way to
bolts, either of copper, iron, or composition, and great addi-
tional strength is thus imparted. But the grand objection
still remains. The bolts do not accord with the materials
they fasten together, and the wood is so soft that when a se-
vere strain arises, a general yielding takes place, by the bolt
heads sinking into it, and the wood itself giving way to the
pressure it receives from the neighbouring parts. In proof
of this it is only necessary to examine the copper sheathing
of, a large vessel after a trying voyage, when the waving sur-
face too often betrays the defects within. This effect of
straining is most perceptible in steam-vessels, particularly
under the paddle beams, and sometimes abaft them. The
creaking of a timber-built ship, too, so distressing to lands-
men, and adding so much to the terrors of a storm at sea, is
the result of the unceasing motion which takes place in the
seams, acting on the internal timber work, and particularly
on the cabin partitions and bulkheads.
" A wooden vessel is made up of a great number of parts
of various forms and sizes, placed in different directions,
which, like the stones in an arch, are dependent on each
other for support. If one becomes loose, the whole struc-
ture is more or less endangered. This is evident from the
fact that much of the stiffness of a wooden vessel depends on
the caulking of the outer plank."
Our author quotes in corroboration of his opinions the
following passage from a paper by Mr. Creuze, superinten-
dent of her Majesty's dock-yard at Plymouth, and author of
several highly approved works on naval architecture :
" Two questions naturally arise ; first, what are the ad-
vantages or disadvantages of the substitution of iron for
timber, in the construction of ships ?—and, secondly, to what
limit may this substitution be advantageously carried ?
Amongst the advantages are the employment of a less costly
material, of which the supply is inexhaustible, and for which
supply we are totally independent of other nations ; also, the
greater durability of the material, not only from its relative
durability with that of timber, but from its requiring no such
metallic sheathing to protect it from the ravages of worms-
Also the greater durability of the structure, as a whole, in
consequence of the greater permanency in the perfect combi-
nation of its several parts, arising from the fastenings being
of the same texture as the portions of materials brought into
connexion. The metallic fastenings to a timber-built vessel
act, it must be remembered, not only chemically, but also
mechanically, to accelerate her destruction so soon as the
close connexion of the several parts is at all diminished."
Instances are then adduced in which iron vessels have
suffered severe beating on rocks, shores, and sandbanks in
gales, without sustaining any material injury, while wooden
vessels, under similar circumstances, would inevitably have
been entirely lost. The greater room for stowage in iron
ships is also discussed, and on this point he remarks :
" The shell of a timber-built vessel is so much thicker
than that of an iron vessel, that, with the same outside
dimensions, the latter is frequently 18 inches wider and 12
inches deeper in the hold than the former. Taking the most
favourable part of a vessel—namely, in the centre of the
length—in a vessel of 200 tons, the proportion in favour of
the iron vessel will be as 5 to 6 ; but in the ends, which are
drawn finely off, the disparity is much increased, making the
proportion of the whole contents about as sto 4. Supposing,
therefore, that a vessel built of timber could stow 200 tons,
she would, if made of iron, have room for 250 tons. The
total capacities of the largest vessels will probably not ap-
proximate nearer than as 5 to 6 ; making the iron ship of
600 tons not to exceed in outward dimensions the timber one
of 500 tons. The advantage of this is very great, and enables
an iron vessel to trade, and remunerate the owners, in cases
in which a wooden vessel would not return a profit; for, if
we suppose that the freight of a 500-ton ship would just pay
the expenses required to navigate her, an iron vessel would
leave the freight on the extra 100 tons as clear profit.
" With steamers, the comparison is much more in favour
of iron than with wooden vessels. As the average cargo of
a steamer is only, perhaps, about one-third of the load, in
engine, cargo, and coals together, an increase of one-fourth
in her stowage adds 75 per cent. to her capacity for carrying
cargo. In other words, to carry a given cargo, the iron
steamer may be much less than a wooden one. 7
The greater safety of iron ships from casualties, as well as
from the dreadful calamity of fire, is ably set forth ; and with
respect to speed it is remarked:—
" The late register laws, which caused more injury to our
mercantile marine than those at present in operation are ever
likely to repair, and which originated and fostered evils that
it may require ages to correct, are no longer obstacles to im-
provement, and their abrogation affords us some hopes that
we shall not for ever be left behind other nations in the speed
of our vessels. I believe I may safely assert that when iron
becomes generally used for the purpose of ship-building, a
much finer form may be adopted, without incurring the dis-
advantages that arise under the same circumstances, in even
the most approved construction of wooden vessels. The ma-
terial being much lighter to attain the same strength, and
occupying less space, the model of the vessel may be made
finer, and better adapted for high speed, without a cor-
responding loss in the amount of stowage and carrying qua-
lities ; !aid iron vessels, as they have more buoyancy, are
not so liable as timber-built vessels to pitch when in a heavy
sea."

Under the bead " durability" our author ably confutes the j
supposed rapid corrosion of iron vessels, as proved by several
vessels that had performed long voyages, and thus notices
the decay of timber-built ships :
" The dry rot in wooden ships (which finds no parallel
evil in those of iron) is frequently as remarkable in the ear-
liness of its commencement, as it is invariably rapid in its
progress ; and no appliance hitherto resorted to has, in all
instances, been effectual to avert its insidious development,
or to arrest its destructive progress. The tree which is in-
tended for a timber ship is no sooner felled than the oxygen,
which, during vegetation, is held in harmless combination,
begins its work of decay. The gradual combustion and de-
terioration of the woody fibre supervenes ; carbonic acid is
evolved ; and the wood, becoming carbonized, loses its flex-
ibility and strength. The progress of this decay is sure,
though, by care, its effects may be retarded ; but, from the
numerousinstances of its rapid increase, even in well-built
vessels, we are led to conclude that no human foresight can
prevent its poison from spreading, like a baleful epidemic,
into every portion of the ship. How many stately vessels
are now mouldering away under this destructive visitation,
while their fine and graceful forms conceal the treacherous
enemy within !"
On the question of repairs, our author states—
" It is a great mistake to suppose that iron vessels are
more difficult to repair than wooden vessels • and, in pursu-
ance of this error, it is often urged, as an oblection to them,
that, should accidents occur to them in a foreign country, no
one could be found capable of making good the damage. But
so far is this from being the case, that it is found that nothing
is easier of accomplishment; for the injuries are generally
external, and confined to a single spot, and may in most
cases be sufficiently repaired by any ingenious man, if the
ship be but provided with a few drills, some spare plates,
bolts, and other necessary articles, which no captain should
neglect to carry amongst his stores. Besides, when iron
vessels become more generally employed, the necessary as-
sistance and means will be found at all considerable ports
and stations at which they may touch. But, on the other
hand, take the case of a wooden ship, after she has received
shocks such as were sustained by the Nemesis, the Iron
Duke, or the Vulcan, (if, indeed, she ever again floated ;)
her whole frame dislocated—leaking at every seam—several
floor timbers broken—the crew fearful at every moment that
her continued working will increase the influx of water be-
yond the power of the pumps to keep it down ;—she is run
ashore at the first convenient spot, to avoid a greater disas-
ter—some temporary repairs are effected at much trouble
and expense—she returns home at great risk—goes into the
graving dock for one or two months—her copper and planks
are necessarily stripped off—the broken 'flooring is at great
cost replaced—new planks and copper are supplied—and,
fi-
nally, the whole being caulked, she is at length ready again
to put to sea! There is no ship-owner of any experience
but will readily admit the correctness of this statement, and
incurredar x
ebyaseueincdhag all
cci
bearde
ut
dents
—an
e expense,testimony
indeed,to t h expense
frequently so far
previous calculation that the building of a new ship would,
in the long run, be more in accordance with economy and
discretion."
But the sublect has grown so much upon our hands that
we must defer our notice of the further points urged in be-
half of iron, including the consideration of the subject in a
national point of view, until Friday.
(To be concluded in our next.)

The Liverpool Policeman. Booker and Co.
Rork, It
in-
cident is, ors•e;rns
Pirteisent number will add to the popularity of the
now for the firstese
no romance, but warm with life. Every charac-
ter has, cr to have, its existing prototype ; every in-
-I\lalapropism roubles, a reality. Mrs. Nl`Fat, introduced
;anme, is a rich specimen of gullibility and
her portrait', cann-ot be
in the dialogue, by the the dry cunning and caustictiv displayed
perusal of it, we severa
Scotch artist, while she is sitting for
indulgence of immoderate""
surpassed in excellence. During our
Court of Rhadamanthus surprised our gravity in the
, lai.rpsistible bursts of laughter. The
limb of the law is eore
whose dread tribunal an ig-
noblesiderabie inventive genius, broughtaud il-'l)for judgment, shows con-
tic effect. The adventure at 4, my with great drama-
in the station-house are capitally uncle's," and the scenes
author has too much tact and too mk•aenneilied. In fact, the
command to suffer the interest of hisjord
pu.l%ilag for a single
taste for that
materials at his
o cater
is
firatiticial and
moment ; and the preference of the
which is real and substantial to that wehxieernhp'
imaginary cannot be more worthily
liberal patronisation of the author's efforts not only in its
for their amusement but to contribute to their moral
tellectual amelioration. 4nd in-

It appears, from a report of a case which came before the
Lord Mayor of London, that the consuls of foreign states
have agreed to refuse relief to sailors in distress of their re-
spective countries, when they arrive in England as sailors on
board an English vessel.
WEIGH YOUR CANDLES.—At the Court Baron of James
Dearden, Esq., of Rochdale, last week, eleven persons
were fined in various sums, for having exposed for sale can-
dles deficient in weight. The candles were in dozen pounds,
and in one case the deficiency was l7i ounces.
CAUTION TO PUBLICANS.—It has been decided at Bristol,
by Sir Charles Wetherell, the recorder, that publicans suf-
fering not only card playing, but bagatelle and the like,
although not for money, or money's worth, are liable to the
penalties imposed by the alehouse act of parliament.
It is a well-known fact, which says little in favour of the
New Poor " Law," that there is not one union in the ma-
nufacturing districts of Lancashire, Yorkshire, or Cheshire,
where the law is not broken. The guardians dare not carry
out the law for fear of their lives, and the commissioners
dare not press them to do so for fear of their salaries.
EARLY STRAWBERRIES.—Mr. Matthew Dalby, gar-
dener, of Linton, near Wetherby, has during the present
week exhibited to us a very fine specimen of the strawberry
(Keene's seeding) perfectly ripe, which iiad been gathered in
his grounds, and had been grown in the open air on the
banks of the river Wharfe.
A committee has been organised in the city of London,
with many influential names, for the purpose of presenting to
the Pasha of Egypt a gold medal, as a slight mark of their
esteem for the ready facilities to the conveyance of the mails
to and from India through his territory, notwithstanding the
war. Lieut. Waghorn, R.N., is active in the business.

On Saturday Lord Denman gave judgment in the long-
disputed case whether Miss Burdett Coutts should be rated
to the relief of the poor in respect of a box which she held
in Drury-lane Theatre, and the court decided that the box in
question was a tenement, within the meaning of the act of
parliament, and that, therefore, Miss Coutts was liable to be
rated.

ROME, MAY 17.—Great sensation has been excited here
by the marriage of an accomplished young English lady,
sister of Lord It , to a veturino, and the arrest of
, a lady of rank, who from a fondness of pieces of
ancient kinds of marble, broke them out of places where

_
they were fixed in our churches and museums.—Allgemeine
Zeitung, May 26.

Since the passing of the reform act no fewer than seventeen
candidates have on different occasions offered themselves for
the representation of Ipswich, viz., on the conservative in-
terest, Messrs. Mackinnon, Fitzroy, Goulburn, Kelly, Dun-
das, Brooke, Holmes, Gibson, Cochrane, Herries, Gladstone,
and Lord Desart ; and on the whig-radical interest, Messrs.
Wason, Morrison, Gibson, Rennie, Gisborne, and Moffatt.

BELFAST ELECTION.—The committee appointed to try
this election determined on Thursday, that the same must
be declared void, on the grounds that sufficient polling ac-
commodation had not been provided, and that four of the
poll clerks were minors. The candidates returned were Mr.
Emerson Tennent and Mr. W. G. Johnson ; the disappointed
ones, the Earl of Belfast and Mr. Ross. Little doubt is
entertained that at the fresh election, the same candidates
will be again returned.
Sir Henry Hardinge has announced, by a circular from the
War Office, that government will not be responsible for any
losses sustained by paymasters of regiments, officers, sol-
diers, from the failure of country banks, as paymasters can
have Bank of England notes at all times through the regi-
mental agent. Tnis order has been issued in consequence
of the losses of the Scots Gras by the failures of Wigney's
Brighton bank.—Limerick
•

RAILWAYS.—Wc understand there is every reason to be-
lieve that, in the September of 1843, both the Leeds exten-
sion and Liverpool junction line will be completed ; the
chain of railway communication will have its link added, and
the railway be open in one continuous line, from the Humber
to the ?Mersey ; from the Thames to the Forth and the
Clyde ; while all the great towns of Great Britain—London
and Bristol, Birmingham, Liverpool and Manchester, Leeds
and Hull, Glasgow and Edinburgh, will thus be placed in
closer connexion and more rapid communication with each
other.

COOPER, THE ALLEGED MURDERER.—Cooper, alleged
as the murderer of the policeman at Highbury, appears to be
rapidly recovering from his illness, but is totally indifferent
to, or unconscious of, the awful situation in which he is
placed ; for yesterday, one of the authorities of Newgate en-
tered his cell, and
thus addressed him :—" Well, Cooper,
how are you to-day ?do you think you arc getting well ? "
Why, yes, sir, I feel I am getting better daily, but the effect
of the poison that I took has gone into my hands and feet,
and gives me great pain, and I do not think I shall get clear
of it for two or three years to come." The gentleman thus,
addressed, as his duty commanded, made no remark on this
observation, and shortly afterwards quitted the cell.
TRUE ?—A considerable crowd was collected the morning
before last in the rue Beauregard, before a house from which
loud cries proceeded. Suddenly the glass of a window was

dashed to. pieces, the casement thrown open, and a man
forced out a woman whom he held only by the hair of her
head over the street. A cry of horror burst from the persons
below—mattrasses were placed where the unfortunate woman
was to fall, but she by a desperate effort, succeeded in catch-
ing the window-sill, and at last, after creeping-up, pushed in
the man, who struggled with her. The guard arrived nearly
at the same moment, and arrested the ruffian, who was con-
ducted to the guardhouse amidst the groans and hisses of the
crowd.—Galignani's Messenger.
DYING OF A THOUSAND GOOD SYMPTOMS.—" Here I
am," said a great man, to a friend who entered his sick
room while flattering physicians were telling him of hopes of
recovery, which he felt were false, " dying of a thousand
good symptoms." " There it is," says with very different
feelings, the Morning Chronicle, pointing to Sir Robert
Peel's majority, " dying of a thousand good symptoms."
The sanguine journalist tells his readers—" The measures of

the Ministry have been supported by larger majorities even
than that which placed them in office ;" " no defection worth
notice has taken place among Sir Robert Peel's supporters ;"
" if occasionally a few Tories have given a rebellious vote,
their loss has been supplied by at least an equal number of
Liberals, who have strayed into the majority ;" and yet," we
are quite sure" that " the Tory party is most seriously
damaged, if not actually broken up, by what has passed
during the present session." Sheridan, a Whig leader in his
day, went once upon a time to shoot over the estates of an
Irish nobleman. An Irish attendant followed him, carrying
his game bag, much after the same fashion that the Chronicle
follows Lord Palmerston, Sheridan blazed away right and
left, but not a bird would fall; the numerical strength of the
partridges, like the numerical strength of Peel's party, re-
mained undiminished. At first his trusty squire consoled
him by assurance that this bird hung its legs suspiciously,
that other moved its wing awkwardly, while a third he pro-
tested had dropped a feather or two. At last, finding the
sportsman listened incredulously to his hacknied flattery, he
bethought him of a variation, and bawled out as another bird
flew off scatheless, " By the powers and ye gave that one a
fright !" The Chronicle must have nearly exhausted its
topic of consolation when it has recourse to one so nearly
akin to Paddy's last shift.
ROMANTIC INCIDENT.—A man of the name of Buffard,
aged 41, a day labourer, was tried on the 13th before the
ourt of Assizes of Angers, for the murder of a gendarme
named Renault. It appeared that the deceased on the 22nd
of February, when accompanied by two of his comrades on
duty in the commune of Maulevrier, perceived a man with
a gun who was evidently poaching. He desired his com-
panions to stay behind whilst he went towards him. The
latter on seeing him approach fled, and the gendarme pur-
sued until his comrades lost sight of him. Suddenly the
report of a gun was heard, and the two gendarmes running
up, they found Renault dead, and the murderer gone. A
young man, named Gandreau, was arrested on suspicion, but
after 14 days' imprisonment, Buffard, who is his uncle,
came forward and delivered himself up, declaring that, if
any one was guilty, he was the man. On the trial, the pri-
soner, who was decently dressed in the costume of the
peasants of La Vendee, appeared deeply afflicted, held his
face hidden in his pocket handkerchief, and, when he spoke,
his voice was interrupted by sobs. He acknowledged that
he had shot the man, but declared that it was altogether an
accident, for when he saw the gendarme pursuing him, he
warned him not to come near, and throwing down his hat
said, "If you pass that spot, I will fire." The gendarme
still approached with his musket to his shoulder, and he,
not knowing what he was doing through agitation, raised his
gun, and the piece unfortunately went off. He fled, and told
his nephew, who had been arrested, as well as to other mem-
bers of his family. The court, taking into consideration the
conduct of the man in giving himself up, and the evident
affliction he felt for the unfortunate event, found him guilty
of homicide without premeditation, and sentenced him to
eight years c(mfinement. Before the sentence was pro-
nounced, the Procureur-du-Roi, who conducted the prosecu-
tion, informed the jury that Cm prisoner had a high cha-
racter for general good conduct, and mentioned that the
nephew., who was in the first instance apprehended on the
charge of murder, lzimw, immediately after the event, that
his uncle was the guilty party, but, with the most generous
feeling, had preferied imprisonment, and even the risk of
condemnation, to becoming his accuser.—Galignani's Illes-
senger.

Ia n -ib
statementur g
wT
Bauer
Chronicle,anti HANIBURGH.—Messrs. Abraham
; transmit to the Morning
hof the buildings destroyed by
the fire-61 streets ; 120 courts ; 1992 houses, and 1716
dwelling-floors, (etages, sable) ; 498 cottages ; 468 dwelling-
cellars ; 21,526 inhabitants roofless ; 3 churches ; 2 syna-
gogues; 3 watermi
aCcoo.r,reCl
watermills, with 36 wielves ; the spinnhaus and
zuchthaus, with their churches (houses of correction) ; the
Detention-house ; the Senate-house ; the Old Exchange.
N.B.—The New Exchange, only built last year, is saved •, and
after a few days repairing, in use again. The Eimbeck-
house, containing the Court of Commerce, Court of Com-
mon
Pleas, with offices, the Custom-house offices, the
Stamp-
offices, the Lottery-saloon, the Citizen Guard offices, and
other public offices. The Bank. A great many—and all the
largest—hotels ; and all the libraries. 3.786,300 square feet
is the superficial extent of the burnt portion of the city. " The
streets of Hamburgli," says the correspondent of The Times,
" that have escaped the fury of the fire are assuming in many
parts a novel appearance. I have already mentioned that
small wooden buildings were being formed at different points
at different points of the city, to accommodate as far as pos-
sible those tradesmen who have been burned out of their
houses, and whose business has been fc a time necessarily
suspended. These buildings are rising rapidly in several
quarters, wherever a vacant space convenient for their con-
struction. As soon as finished (and their formation requires
but a short time), they are occupied by sores of the sufferers
from the late fire. Many of the places are already opened as
shops; and in some instances, where there has been time to
complete the internal decorations and furniture, make, con-
sidering all circumstances, a pretty good show. These build-
ings are occupied as they are built ; the allotment of them be-
ing in the hands of a general committee, of which the Hdlfs-
verein forms part, who have also the distribution of the funds
" Business
collected for the relief of the sufferers by the fire •
and credit are reviving rapidly; and assistance continues to
be transmitted from all quarters.

THE LATE FIRE