The Statesman.
London, England, 1821-07-09 00:00:00

MARKETS.

CORY EXCHANCE, .Int.v B.—We had a large snpply of
Wheat to-dav from Essex and Kent, and a consider.thi.
quantity of Pinar coastways, yet the former article of line
quality sold 21. per quarter higher than on this day
se'aslght„ owing to the continsedusfavoarahleoess of tl:e
weather ; but there is not the least improvement in the in-
ferior qualities, having little or no demand fur them.—
Barley fully:support last Monday's prices, the quantities at
market being very small.—White Peas are rather dearer,
and Beans sold Is. per quarter higher.—The arrivals ut
Oata are very large, yet tine fresh corn obtained Is. per
qr. more than on this day week, but the sales were far
from brisk at that advance.—ln other articles there is
no alteration.
ENGLISH.

5. 5.
Wheat. Kent, and Essex

'. d.

New
OW 34 02
Suffolk
34 00
Norfolk, (Old)
Rye 2O 28
Harley 2O 90
Nfalt 5O .58
White Peas 30 31
Boilers 9O 40
Grey ditto 9O 2S

Small Beans 4tl 34
Tick ditto 94 2t4
Oats, Potatoe .. 23 20
Ditto, Poland io
Ditto, Feed...
Flour, Per Sack 4's A 4)
Rapeseed. per Last... 34 It;
FOREIGN.

Wheat, American....
Dantair 54 (4)

Ralik, Red... &I 64
Ilambro' Red . 60 66

SMITHPIRLD Mannar.—This market was extraordi-
nary well supplied with all descriptions of cattle this
morning, and it was particularly full of Lamb and
n Mutton, in consequence of kick all kind of meat was
lower in price.

(To sink the offal ; per Stone of Slbs.)
Beef Ss. fici. to 4e. IN. I CATTLIt AT MIMIC/T.

is. ad.. Dusts
Veal .... 31. Od. to 4.4.10 d. Calves _ _

Pork .... 34. fki. to 43.11k1. Sheep and Lambs 23,010
Lamb.... 3s. bd. to Pigs

HATMAIIKET.—There is no alteration in the price of
Flay.—Straw and Clover as per our last.

lily —.X. 10s. to Q. 4s. I Straw —l4 Os. to 1/. 12s.
Clover ..41. Os. to 61. Os.

METEOROLOGY.

The warm weather, on the return of which we ran-
gratnlated our readers on Saturday last, remained with
ns only till the afternoon of the next day. About three-
o'clock on Sunday a portentous cloud suddenly over-
spread the metropolis with darkness, and poured down
torrents of rain, accompanied with thunder. The wind
shifted to its former quarters in the north-east, and
chilling rains ntinued, with very little intermission,
till Monday nirlt. This rain, however, we learn, was
limited in its spread towards the south ; not havin!r
been experienced in Kent, even on Monday morning.
below Canterbury. Wednesday morning was remarkalas
cold ; a tan early hour presented to an observer in
the Strand singular phenomenon,—the mercury at 42
degrees, in the beginning of July, with the sun shin-
ing on the thermometer . Since that day the wind ha 4
turned to the westwar.l of north, but the weather Was
rontinued ccmrenial. The quantity of rain this wink
in inches is 1,3.5.
&read. July 7.

TIIKR1110111:TKII.
8 I • II peooorres.
o'clock. j o'clock. at might.
July -----
I, 5.... 67 71 so 29,67 i Marley
2, M. au as 60 187 Bala .
3, T.... 60 50 00 ,99 Clotiol
4, W.... 61 60 NI 411,17 Clogaitf
a. Th .. . 41 06 46 Jib ?air ,
.01 -t 6, F.,... 60 60 64 ~gar)
7, 13..... 44 67 —2990 i •

..
.

DIM.
Oa Friday eroaingline. et hie bone In
antra skeet bet severe Maass. In the 90th year
hllheilteth, the wife of T 00•10 Oar, Esq.,
Venom.

Esofoo-sqvarr.
int of Mr age.
q., of DoLtora*

I

E...!°%*

PI EDMONT.
(nimbi tv•ot, BY LADY MORGAN.)
Ey the quadruple alliance signed in London in
I; Is, the Dukes of Savoy and Piedmont were made
Kings of Sardinia ; and that isle was ceded to them
at the interposition of our Queen Anne ; as the Eng-
lish have since conferred on his Sardinian Majesty the
Dukedom of Genoa, and as they have, with an equal
disregard of national rights, ceded the Christians of
Parra to Ali Pacha. It is humiliating thus to find
England upon all occasions the political scavenger of
Eorope,perfornsingall that dirty work with which more
ratty cabinets contrive not to sally their chancier
list far beyond the fully and wickedness of such acts,
is the hypocrisy with wblbb they are accompanied.—
Crimes, as the marks of strong volitions, are some-
times found accompanied * the energy of manliness;
but false pretences to virtue and affected assumptions
of piety, justice and moderation, combine feebleness
with iniquity, and are as contemptible before men, as
they must be offensive in the sight of Heaven. Upon
el4ints equally well foanded, his Sardinian Majesty
takes the style and title of King of Jerusalem and
Cyprus; but throughout Italy he is rarely mentioned
by any other appellation than that of " The King of
the Anchovies."
In 1802, on the abdication of Charles Emanuel,
(oho lately died a monk at Rome,) his brother Victor
Emanuel, the present King, ascended the throne. His
marriage with Maria Theresa. Archduchess of Austria,
(a tree daughter of that Imperial House) has confirm-
ed him in those principles, which had mutually
armed their families in support of a cause descended
to them respectively, from the Green Counts and Bar-
barossas of other ages.
At the epoch of the revolution, the court and king-
ti.om, and the general phasis of society in Piedmont,
were precisely what they had been for centuries be-
fore ; and the antique forts anti Gothic institutions
were similar to those presented by the whole of feudal
Europe is the olden time. All was pure unmixed
despotism in the ruler, privilege and prescription in
the nobles, influence direct and indirect in the
priesthoul, and ignortnce, degradation, and passive
obedience in the vassal people. The whole population
was military, front the prince to the peasant ; and the
fierce courage of this always brave and gallant people,
was considered as the staple commodity ()fibs state, let
ant for hire in any cause that could afford to pay its
services. Such was the general system, which had
however its shades of abuse, and degrees of disorder.
Of all the little despotisms of Italy, Piedmont seems
to have been the most complete, perfect, and compact ;
in a word, a "des/ion:one dc ',oche." The noble was
there, more powerful over his people, and the King
more powerful over his nobles; and the chain of de-
pendence was so closely knit, that it was difficult to
discover, where it began, or where it ended. The
Dukes of Savoy, or Kings of Sardinia, obliged to
maintain their precarious existence by perpetual war-
fare and artful allian:es, were constantly in the field,
and had no leisure or taste for the cultivation of the
sciences and arts; and their means were so small and
so dependent on the wills of their powerful neighbours,
that all their institutions participated in the servitude.
Nothing but the inherent vivacity and intelligence of
their subjects, could have saved the state from sinking
into an apathetic and brutalising ignorance, to which
the social energy of the Barbary pirates might have
been deemed comparative illumination.
The high nobility, who exclusively formed the
court, however slaves to the King, were otherwise
the most powerful of that class in Europe, within the
little sphere of their existence. All places of honour,
trust, or emolument were reserved for their accep-
tance. They alone could !save boxes at the opera, or
fiance at public ba Is, with other distinctions, frivo-
ova in enjoymen', but vexatious to the excluded.—
Ent while it would have been loss of cast to have ad-
mitted one of the Cittedini into their palaces, they
had the privilege of entering any eitisee's house upon
all occasions of festivity, and wherever music was
1-eard ; with the right of forcing their admission, in
case their society was rejected. Soldiers by birth,
t!:ey suffered under an hereditary conscription, which
s iterated them from all the oeronomies of domestic ex-
istence. The whole of their education obtained in the
roval academy, went scarcely further than fencing,
roiing, and dancing ; and while they were thus de-
v pled to ignorance and idleness, their moral principles
were sapped by a fundamental law, which, yhile it
prevented them selling an acre of their property with-
out the King's leave, enabled them to refuse paving
their debts, whenever their means failed, or, their ho-
nesty deserted them.
Gambling was the prevailing vice, from the King
to the least of his courtiers. Pharo-hanks were pub-
licly kept; jewels and trinkets were staked, when all
rise use tone ; and the enormous sums won from
young English travellers at the Court of Turin by the
retire nobility, could not save them from ruin,
brought on by play and by a total neglect of their
affairs.
The bond of marriage was one of mere accommoda-
tion. The necessity (originating in fashion) which
every man was under, of neglecting his own wife, and
eutering into the service of his neighbour's, while
it undermined morality, deprived taste of its prefer-
ence, and passion of its excitements: and general gal-
lantry was so blunted by authorised libertinism, that
lovers became as stupidly loyal, as husbands were
confessedly faithless. Et Age on cc confute de Is
dome sett," says the liberal Weed*, (for the
lady he bored was not the question.) Vice thus sub-
mitted to the restraints of virtue, sad shared its priva-
tions without obtaining its rewards. Of suck a state
ofsociety, pride, privilege, and ignorsace, were the
endowments ; and satiety, poverty, and discontent,
the inevitable results. Tot such woe the state of so-
ciety, whose overthrow was a subject of lamentation
to an English traveller and a clergyman, as a loss to
the travelling youth of West Britain not to be coo-
per sated !
From such society, however, all that was estimable
es enlightened among the natives voluntarily retreated.
Zile Saluzsi held their little academies is the privacy
of their saloons; the Ricolvi and Ravautelli burled
tht twelves amidst their classic reties ; the Cignas, the
Japanese, and the Allioni were only to be found is
their omit?s or botanic gardens; fleeced', the orb-
lime lieccaria, sick of all time tied him to the miser-
able spot of earth it was his isisfortune to inhabit,
held no communication but with the stars, whose pe-
so; and lustre were rellected in his owl" bright min:

and Allier', in the wild and noble petulance of well-
founded indignation and uscomproosisiag genius, aed
never to return ; beveeathing to. posterity the expres-
sion of his hatred, his pity, and contempt of a go-
vernment and court, whose existence were incompati-
ble with the independence he adored, sad the vocation
he bail adopted.
The Phnlosontese formed the event garde of the
Continental coalition. They bad been the fird to bear
down upon France. Beat out of Savoy, they conti-
nued to mist on the Italian side of the Alp; and it
is eminently creditable to the Piedmont's. army. that
it wade the firmest stand against the overwhelming
force of the French legions. While the petty princi-
palities of Italy separated from the common interest,
and made their terms and porehased their peare as
Parmesans, as Modenese, or Florentines, Piedmont
maintained its integrity; and when it yielded, it gale
up, from ancient prepossession, in favour of France,
and the conviction, that "the ills they knew not,"
could scarcely be worse than " t'ae ills they bad."
The King fled, Turin surrendered without the formality
of a blockade, and the French took possession ; Pied-
mont was placed on a republican footing, and the
whole mass of its antiquated institutions fell at a
crash.

Reform accompanied conqaest, and measures the
most judicious healed the wounds the sword of victory'
had inflicted in the heart of national self-love. Bona-
parte was still a Republican General, or affected to be
so ; and the revolution was accomplished with modera-
tion and wisdom. It was the Archbishop of Turin,
Del Signori, who was called in to assist in the new
organisation of the church establishment. It was he
who directed and empowered the regular clergy, on
.he suppression admit' orders, to live like seculars, to
dispense with their vows, and re-unite theuisehes with
the general mass of society, to whose rights and en-
joyments they were restored. Ilia pastoral letter to
the religious of both sexes, is still quoted in Turin as
a u.aster-piece of eloquence and simplicity ; and his
observations on the fantastical distinctions of dress,
which ostentatiously marked their separation front the
rest of their fellow creatures, are at once philosophi-
cal and benevolent. Ile abolished the vows of po-
verty and be:44ry, and encouraged the Monks to
add to the modicum allowed them from the new go-
vernment, by industry, application, and economy : ex-
horting then. to keep out of debt, and to accumulate a
sufficiency for independence.
The people beheld this reformation with joy, how-
ever the clergy may have regretted it. lie suppres-
sion of the wealthy convents of t:apuchins, and of Je-
suits, the sale of their estates ies national property, to-
gether with the suppression of those alms, which were
extorted from Cie rredutity or submission of all classes,
restored to their legitimate rhawnels considerable sn.os,
and replaced the idle and worthless, by the class
of small landed proprietors; thus reconciling the po-
pulation to the new order of things, and leaving none
hostile, bat those who lust privileges, as their fellow-
ritisens gained rights. A career was Dow broadly
opened to national talent. The agents and ministers
of government were almost all Pieditiontese; and the
chief of the republic and the prefect of Imperial sway,
had the same order to ama'gawate all classes in public
&Asti% ities and private saloons, whose talents and est&
cation fitted them for the same circles.

Still the first shock of a change. as abrupt as it rsslrc
beneficial. had its concomitant evils. P.e emigration
of a great part of the nobles, and a war which had
drained all resources, had much impoverished the ca-
pital ; and the vtifeudalized aristocracy, the unfrock •d
monk, the unbenehrial clergy, the disrlaceil crown
lawyer, composed a 'Urge Mini of malcoritynts who
spread doubt arid alarm through the whole sphere of
their influence. liut few regrets are etrriial : general
prosperity gradually soothed individual disapproba-
tion; the Lares a:.d Penates of Turin raised their
drooping heads, as sons succeeded to office., for which
their fathers were no longer qualified ; and one of the
ablest political and legal writers that Italy has pro-
duced, has proved that iu spite of the misrepresent -
thins which have lotto carefully circulated since the
resto ation, the estates of his Sardinian 31;tjesty flou-
rished and improved tinder the revolutionary system :
and justified the intention of Providence in favour of
a people highly endowed and eminently meritorious.

Anyv-ric SLCDtiE.—The invention describes! below,
is very similar in principle to that by which 31r. Kent
" walks upon the water," as it is termed :
" 31r. Bader, Councellor of Mines at :lunich, in
Bavaria, some years ago invented what he termed aerni
aquatic sledge, constructed on such principle that it
might be impelled and guided on the water by the
rider himself, without any other aid. The filet public
experiment was ma le with this machine on the 29th
of Assotst 1 10, before the Royal Family at Nyeu-
phenburg, with complete success. It is describ.sl as
consisting of two hollow canoes, or pontoons, 8 feet
long, made of sheet copper, closed on all sides, joined
to earls other in parallel direction, at the slist.ince of
six feet, by a light wooden frame. Thus joined, they
support a seat resembling an arm-chair, in which the
rider is seated, and impels and steers the sledge by
treading two large pedals before him. Each of these
pedals is connected olds a paddle, fixed perpendicn-
lady in the interval between the two pontoons. In
front of the seat stands a small table, on which he may
read, write, draw, or eat and drink. His hands being
at perfect liberty, he may even play an instrument,
load an 1 fire a gun, or do whatever he pleases
Behind time seat is a leathern bag, to hold any thing he
may want in his excursion. It is evident that tlsis ma•
chine must be admirably calculated for taking sketches
of aquatic scenery, as also for the diversion of shoot-
ing water fowl, in which case the sportsman conceals
himself behind a slight screen of brunches, or rushes,
so as to approach the birds unperceived. This vehicle
is far safer than a common boat, the centre of gra-
vity being constantly in the middle of a very broad
base, a circumstance which renders upsetting, even
in the heaviest gale, absolutely impossible. It iss
moreover so contrived, that it may be taken to pieces
in a few minutes, packed in a box, and put together
ina very short time."
Manure FISHERY.—On Tnesday and Wednesday
sennight, there was caught, by the fisherman at thy
port of Irvin,' considerable quantity of fresh herrings,
of excellent quality. and large sise ; one boat brought
in about 18,050 en Wednesday morning. Time whole
sold to good advantage, being the first herrings taken
there this season. There is a prospect of the fishing
Sting good en the opposite cutlet.

Tr..qmkN.

POPULATION OF IRELAND.
The account now taking of the population of Ireland
is drawing to a close. We bare seen some of their re-
turns—from which, and from the general opinion on
the subject, there is reason to suppose that the number
of souls in this country has been on the increase since
the period of the census in 1813. In the City of Dub-
lin, as far as we have as yet the means of forming an
opinion, the tide of population seems to be now to-
wards the sea—the parts westward of the Castle di-
minishing. while those to the east are augmenting in
inhabitants. The late Dr. Wlsitelaw took an account
of the population of this city in 1798. The period
was peculiarly favourable for ensuring accuracy, as
every householder was bound to post up on his door
the names of all the inmates in the house.

The following comparative view of the number of
souls in several streets, from parisap in different parts
of the city, u taken in 17V1, and at the present time,
may be interesting:-
1799 1821

Pillions . : . 1113 - - 1142

Chi rlrs•street . 694 969

Nicholas-street

401 . . 734

V.ilen-qouv . . 97
Beresfordlplace 130

7 . .
Brit . . 101 . . 169

BuH- Ik♦
IYI

. . 232 . . 267
15; 257

Maiden lane . . .)7 • .
l'astlr-street 536 . . 55-5

Staffurd-street

34) . . 513

Jrrvis-street

556 . . 76*

I.llke-st reet

. 145 . • j 64

Poolloet-street . till - 4441
li•Olier-strert . .
. "•',,
_.___

Da w so n-st reet

. 642 766

blolesworth-street . 393 . . 393
blontpelier-hill . 133 . . 257
Arbour hill • 277 • • 373
Brest Longford-street 17$ . . 241
Little Longford-street 94 . . 275

1.; pper Pembroke-street -- 1 i

. 3 I• 2 . . 41.3

102 . .