The Statesman.
London, England, 1821-10-04 00:00:00

BO.VAPAR7'E.

Cunnts Bertrand and De Month°lon have conjointly
addressed to the Editorof a London paprr, in the French
language, a letter, of which the following is a literal
translation:—

London, 2d October, 1621

Sir,—Several works, under the titles of " Manuscript
come from St. Helena," " Some Thoughts," &C.
" Maxims," &e.. " Sentences," &c., " Secret Memoirs,"
" Napoleon painted by himself," " Domestic Griefs,"
" Verses," &c. &c., have been published or announced
as productions of ie Emperor Napoleon. They are not
by him. His manuscripts have been communicated to
no person.
We also disclaim the memoirs announced under our
name.
We pray you to have the goodness to insert this
letter in your Journal; and we have the honour to be,
The Count BERTRAND.

The Count D MONTUOLOX.

We have already mentioned that a reduction in the
Revenue cruisers is about to take place. The indivi-
duals employed on board them, it is said, will be added
to the Preventive, or Water Huard, which is to be
augmented. -

,„: ..II

vd alma AN4644fiti Boa&
I- • ,
• k-s• t s.- .
,V10,1)4444 Mu or 4taad
In two distinct points of view ; as Om pia*
opitdostoly :Its ha Indet.• fr eirlighteus•the
ntied Oftbe.dommunity• by the Incessant .diseusittheek
ail important politiCal Measures, and communicaiesi
more accurate and detailed ideas to the mass of.iiian-
kind than they would he able to form without its as-,

sistanoe. lint is Napa to the. goveroing principles

. _
...
and predensinating feelings which actuate he Awes,
we irei*nilleed ' tethink that h receives rather than
gives tie impulse, ti4t it is passive rather than naive,
andctiolAmposes rather tiiiri governs the tossi, and
tesapamanpeiety. If this be true of the press 44, ge

neral; it must be more certainly true of each separate

lind portion of the press, as the champioes
antripiesintatives of the different interests and Mil-
riioimitike community. The conduct and temper of
the 'PreiS' thus becomes a subject of curious and inter-
esting observation ; by its means we obtain an insieaf,
not tuerety Into the political opinions and momentary,
Objects ottonfliaing parties, but what is of infinitely;
more importance, we acquire the materials for a(
jolt cismpirison between the moral and intellectual
qualities of the different political classes of society, and
the means-of fairly esthnating their average worth as
citinedi and men. Perhaps there never was a moment
when a comparison, founded upon these materiels;
could base produced a result so glorious to some aid
so degrading to others of our political classes as the
present. We undoubtedly belong to the party, which
must triumph on this comparison; but we will make
it fairly, and we challenge any the ablest of our oppo-
nents to controvert a position we shall lay down, or
to demur to the conclusion at which we most andoubts'

edly arrive.
Neglecting all the Blighter shades of difference, or
the more minute sub-divisions of opinion, English poli-
ticians may be divided at the present day into two
great classes ; the friends anal enemies of reform.—
The former class includes all those who wish well to

- _
the progress of liberal opinion over the world ; and who,
believing that the institutions of their own country are
capable of improvement, think such improvement
worth pursuing. The latter comprehends those who
view with jealousy and dread the progress of foreign
nations towards freedom, and who deem the existing
practical institutions of Great Britain so neatly per-
fect, that any attempt at improvement is more likely
to he i.ijurious then beneficial. The latter have one
only adage, " Let well alone." The former are of
opinion that there are some things not quite so well as
they might he. The object of one party is, that so-
ciety should be stationary ; it is the anxious desire
of the other that it should be progressive.
To contrast the moral and intellectual qualities of
such different descriptions of men, may appear a
useless task ; the very statement of their respective
creeds may he supposed to do enough in that way, yet
for the sake of the very few disinterested adherents
who may yet remain to the anti-liberal party, we
cannot neglect the inferences to be so fairly drawn from
the conduct of the •anti-liberal press. The Beacom
and Joh* Bell are the fair exponents of the morals
awl vnitfda, of this >Nttiaihatwls Ins., a boar- -Gene of
these papers is the avowed creation of the leading
anti-liberals of Edinburgh, the other is encou-
raged and patronised by the anti-liberals and their
most accredited journals in London. They both
had their origin at the time of the prosecution
of the late Queen, and were obviously, we might al-
most say, avowedly intended to deter every indivi-
dual, and particularly every female of the upper or
middling class of Society, from visiting, or in any
other manner paying respect to that high-minded and
oppressed WO:11all. And, by what means was this mag-
nanimous object to be attained? By arguments to
convince the world of the Queen's guilt? Certainly
not. The Attorney-General had been entrusted with
that task, and had failed, notwithstanding he had ex-
aggerated the case vastly beyond the swearing facul-
ties of his Italians. The noble method of proceeding
was to threaten every man and every woman who ven-
tured to approach the Queen, with the revival of every
forgotten tale of slander that had ever been whispered
against them or any of their relatiocs, or if none such
could be found to invent them. The range of calumny
quickly became wider than this, and embraced or
threatened every opponent of Ministers, and every ad-
vocate of liberal opinions. Of the baseness and atro-
city of this conduct, it is, surely, needless to speak.
No comment we can offer, would strew its enormity so
strongly as the conduct of the Edinburgh Anti-liberals.
Whilst they could, with impunity, and in the dark,
distil their weekly poison, they kept on their process
of moral assassination with industry and without re-
morse; hut the moment they are dragged into day.
they skulk before the rising storm of indignation and
abhorrence. Whilst such has been the conduct of the
anti-liberal press, we feel an honest pride in reflecting
on that of the liberal press during the same period.
To its integrity and talent our testimony might not be
deemed impartial ; of its negative merit, as compared
with the positive offences we have been commenting
on, we feel that we have a right• to speak. It has made
no systematic inroads upon private happiness; no man,
however opposed to it in politics, has found his fire
side less tranquil or secure; it has dealt out manly
invective upon political profligacy, but it
has disdained to wound any man as a fa-
ther, a husband, or a brother. I t may, perhaps,
be said that in this abstinence there is no great merit.
that to avoid great crimes is a very slender title to
praise. It cannot be denied, however, that the liberal
press may claim comparative merit. We are inclined,
indeed, to go much further, and to say, that in the
circumstances of provocation and temptation which
have existed, the forbearance of the liberal press to-
wards private character was positively and highly
meritorious. When your enemy fights with poison
weapons, you are surely nut en strictly bound by the laws
of honourable warfare, as if you had a less cowardly
and malignant foe! But independently of all idea of,
retaliation against such things as Beacons and Bulls,
and Lord Advocates and Clerk of Scottish Courts,
and other slanderers, whose names are yet unknown to
fame, we confess that at one period of the Queen's
prosecution, we were half inclined to institute some
enquiry into the private morals of certain of her most
rancorous and active enemies. The temptation wa,
strong, but we resisted it, and we ass happy that it

.eallltespeation. Melees been. by
"Sr. she weaM have Isad.'like every other subject.. a
right of challenge. Considering the nature of tlee
impetedoifeace, personal profligacy; or the toleration
and eacottrageosent of persoaal profligacy in t juror,
utotad have bees a pind ground of challenge. for these
phis reasons, that inch a juror, not having % a due
seam of the magnitude of the crime, would be more
prose to convict of it, than a purer man; that con-
scions of pollution himself, less cogent proofs might
catmint* him of its existence in another; that, habi-
tingly surconntled by vice, be might have imbibed the
iceman scepticism of libertines as to the possibility
of virtue. When the Bill of Pains and Penalties' was
mini a first time in the Hesse of Lords, there certainly
Meted no ordinary temptation to enquire whether
every noble Peer, who said content" on that occa•
could have met such a clallenge. Those who
ars best atquainted with the pirate habits and 'va-
cations of our nobility can • best appreciate the stag,
nitude of the temptation. We will not pursue this sub-
ject further, it might perhaps lead us too near the
boundaries of that offeece which we have been con.
deeming. We have said enough to indicate to all re-
flecting readers, that the peculiar temptation, the mote
plausible apology for private slander was with that
portion of the press, which has altogether disclaimed
the use of it. It was necessary to do this. or leave
the comparison we institute incomplete. We trust the
conduct of the liberals and anti-liberals will, on every
future occasion, ditTer as widely as the present, and
that the cause to which they are respectively pledged,
may advance or retrograde only in proportion to the
relative merit, moral and intellectual, of its adherents.

TO TIM EDITOR.
SlR,—The Courier assert; as a reason why Sir
Robert Wilson could not be tried before a Court Mar-
tial, that "being an Officer on half-pay, he is not amen-
able to the Articles of War;" and adduces, as a proof
of this assertion, that in the case of Ueneral Ross, in
April, 1785, the twelve Judges " gave a unanimous opi-
nion that he was not, as a half-pay Officer, subject to
military law."
__ . _

1:po;1 this statement three questions naturally arise. In
the first place, if a half-pay Officer is. not subject to nal.
Nary law, to what law it he subject ?
Secondly, having ascertained to what law he is really
subject, whether lie has not a right to claim the protec-
tion of that law, in cue no proof of grilt can be substan-
tiated against him.

Thirdly, whether half-pay Officers are generally aware
that they are not amenable to, nor protected by the Ar-
ticles of War; but that, by an arbitrary exercise of
power, they are at all times liable to be cashiered without
any explanatioh whatever ?
I eonceive,,lir, that no comparison can possibly exist
between the situations of those Officers in actual ser-
vice, whq are amenable to, and protected by, the Articles
of War, and those on half-pay, who, if The Courier be
correct, have no tribunal to which they can appeal !

riAlips some one of your more intelligent Corres-
pondents can throw further light oa this subject ; await-
ing which, I remain, Sir, yours, &c.
PUBLICOL 1.

P.OIIVN:BRUirItI t.4Larrs it 11.
TO TOE ROME OP TR& STATESMAN. •

.yr 01,.., I,: -,- i:P• 1=r111.: lteic ; i :et. ti •
:‘5 ru""?Ft"3l .”123t,' n,ri•PXt'lsPeJrier .1N •
jv
irititny genthriipi!,,dias.,ent bp :e9tj Jp, . tO rettoiet ?
Cornet, oCyoutrAtili.rdeq_ aftwl,,,far .a ialiect , 4
so much cooirre,pyld foilit.l)l,lo9wn to the poor/
classes, wlift
.iti cr Most by tin;ipmes and loaf ositions
daily practised on them.' Intiivnitaais who ace.4rineP.llo .
tlais last resource are afraid to poblish„their distriftes
to the world, by which the Pawoehrokers canape; al.
though the•moster is liable for t heads of theserdaatis.the
later are generally made the actors io. these flagrant
impositions. There is nothing move' gulling to 'a poor
Orson who may have a particular nAde sold; as 'toted
it sold for less than the SIMI • for width it was' ph;dgedr
and this one sample of' Pawnbrokint ingenuity;. or
*hat is termed ROBBING 'T4 F. ' 'PAWNS. Suptiose
a gentleman or laity pawns a gold 'tyavit worth 50 iili-
neat; for 5, and tbatthrotwit twee' et or inability, it gets
beyond the time, the Pawnbroker sehili. a gold watch,
not worth 5!. to be sold instead olthe valuable one.
When the owner comes •to examine-the hook, expecting
SO-receive the °tiepin* be •is •told he must• pay' for
the examination. lie there finds the watch he'.is
told was his, Sold fur less than he borrowed on' It ;‘'he
has no other • remedy' than pocket the affront: or if
be is refered to the Anctioneer who sold theilledges,
be will tell hire tiothing &hotel, it. Pawnbrokers,
I don't say ally bat generally, are i most powerful in-
waive t0..-robbery of every deactiption, particularly
among domestic servants, as the goods can be stolen
and turned into money in a few minntes : a r.-cent ex-
ample of this happened at the Old Bailey, where a
friend of mine proseented his servant for a cotnpli-
cation of robberies—such as plate, table linen, and
even his boots ; it appeared this woman was a ser-
vant in the Strand, her master had a house out of
town where his family resided, while the servant-
maid had the care of the town-house; she was an
adept in pawning, and took a silver cop worth 4/. and
borrowed Is. on it; then, after, as she wanted, got
to the amonat of 205.; she continued to pawn until
a variety of articles were mirsed ; her trunk was
searched and all the tickets found. Upon an investi-
gation, the worthy Pawn-broker did not lend more than
two or three shillings in the pound upon the property,
well knowing she would never redeem. She was pro-
secuted, convicted, and sentence of death pronounced
upon her, which she would have suffered were it not
for the merciful interposition of the injured and pinn-
dered master. The Judge made severe animadversions
on the conduct of the Pawn-broker, and made him re.
turn the goods to the lawful owner. But this is nothing
to cases of robbery, which a knowing artist will not al-
low to come toextretnities if lie sees his way : he don't
hke to stir the filth least the perfume might not 'agree
with hi II ; he returns the goods and there it ends. In
fact, the Pawn-brokers shops are the deposit of thievery
and the most inviting stimulus to a bread; of the Laws.
There are some of them so confirmed in their impo-
sitions, that they not only rob you but insult you.--I
remember a recent case, where an article was out on
Sunday, the party hail forgotten and went on Monday
to redeem it. The worthy Pawn-broker said it was
not sold—there it was—the party offered to pay the
principal and interest ; but no, the honest little hero
said they-might have it for such i'eunt, which was 30
per cent. more than the whole amount due on it.—.
These and a variety of other extortions shall become
the subject of my next letter.
Snow-Hill, Oct. 3, 1031.

SAM. SPOUT.

SPORTING 7.‘"1-IEL LICENCE.

NEWMARKET FIRST OCTOBER MEETING.
WEDN kir, OCT. S.
Lord Exeter's Athenian, tist. 51b. beat Mr. Thornhill's
Sardonii, 7st. 131 b. T. Y. C. 'Mtgs.—etc, lon Athenian.
A Gold Cup of 90gs value. by a subscription of 15gs each,
for horses of all ages. Ab. M.
Mr. Batson's Rosierucian, 3 yrs old, Gib. 121 b. (F. Boyce) I
Lord Clarendon's Mirandola, 4 yrs old, Ist. 2
Mr. Wyndham's Robin Hood. 4 yrs old, Sit Lib—, 3
Mr. Greyille's Soota, 5 yrs old, fist. 91b.
Lord Grosycnor's Manchester. 4 yrs old. tist. 51b...
Mr. Fox's Podia. 5 yrs old, Sst. 91b
4 to I agst Rosicrucian-4 to I agst Mirandoia —2 to I
agst Robin flood-8 to I agst Boots-5 to l agst Mancbes-
ter.—Won by a neck.
Fifty Guineas, free for any horse. Ac. 4-yr-olds to carry
Ist. 41b. ; s.yr-olds, fist. 51b. ; 6-yr-olds, 841. 111 b. ; and
aged. 9st. B. C.
Mr. Windham's gr. h. Little John, 5 yrs old (W. Antall) I
Mr. Batson's b. f. Luss. 4 yrs old
Major IVilson's b. f. Rotterdam. 4 yrs old
Lord Clarendon's b. f. Antiope. 4 yrs old

Alrett,
2 to I on Little John —5 to 2 agst Luss—W to 1 agst Rot.
terdsm.—Won by half a length.

The next conference of Westleyan Methodists is to
be held in London, on the last Wednesday in July.
522. That in Ireland on the first Friday in the same
month. The following is the statement of the num-
bers this year in the Society :
In Great Britain

260,354

In Ireland
In Foreign Missions

Total under British and Irish Conferences 252,570
Ditto under the Anieric4n Conferences . 256.881

Total of Methodists throughout the world,
exclusive of Travelling Preachers . . 509.45)1
Increase this year—ln Great Britain . p,137
In Missionary Stations 1,93 t;
In America . . . 15,957

Decrease in Ireland 262
Total Increase . ,
0111 EN rAI. LITERATI: E.—Oriental Literature and
Education have just suffered a severe and unexpected
loss in the person of M. Ellions Boetber, born in
Egypt, Professor of the vulgar Arabic at the School
of U lentil Living Languages, and in the dower of
his age. We lose in him a most valuable means of
communication between Egypt and France. The re-
lation in which he stood between the two countries
would have been, very speedily, much more efficacious,
by the erection of a college of Egyptians at Paris.—
M. Ellions would have beer the friend of this eeta-
blishwent. But though he has not been left to fulf4 •
this great service to his paternal country, and to that
of his adoption, yet he has left us an honourable me-
morial ; and the great Dictionary which be composed
—a work of fifteen years perseverance and profoood.
study, will preserve hi: name from oblivion, or the in-
difference of mankind. In causing the manuscript of
this work to be printed, the Uovernment, in some
measure, mitigates the unfortunate loss.--(3loaitenr.)

k. 41- If. *Hasa eiteareTe er
bq~; fes!esegi 161 Miler 40iipirmieite eke Iserit ihektirsood. Tic*
imisint awl *he brim al. tope 'temptation ravioli* au% `.
Fulda 'tautly to he considered. Ad wsndearrosr to espial Tear
IS -the irofieh- I elikOleimptaition. If the. Melees had, been mida worthy