The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-11-14 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER.

tberDoot

tattbarb.

FROM OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENT.

MONDAT

_HORNING.

,ther r

Lon of the

3ritish public, can find no e

nor understanding for

the war. Let domestic incidents or events

.selves in what shape soever they may, " a dis

Lt once sees in them, or confers upon them

on with that all-absorbing topic of general
So feverishly excitable are they in this
*7 first demand incredible intelligence, and
luarrel with the parties who supply it. Such a state

.t, that ti

natters, however complimentary to our zeal, is by no

means creditable to our philosophy ; and so the plain,
of JOHN BELL proclaims. to him

good s

twenty times every hour, and yet he as often and as per-
tinaciously forgets, or rather repudiates, its teachings, till,
ashamed of his own incomprehensible and childish.credu-
lity, he gets angry first at himself, and then with the

instrument his own impatience has converted from an
agent of intelligence to an organ of deceit and misrepre-
sentation. Thus, by his own uncontrolable appetite for
news, he has been instrumental in investing the innocent
telegraph with such a character of falsehood and deceit,
that he is quite as unable to believe its truth as he is in-
capable of digesting its romance. The progress of the
war in the Crimea is at present the subject before which
all others " pale their ineffectual fires ;" yet to such an
extent has the manufacture of acceptable news been car-
ried, that no one knows what to believe, what to discredit,
of the many conflicting reports which outstrip the winds
in winging their way to our homes and hearths. The
inconvenience of this is now literally felt, and all are
equally vehement in condemnation of a system which
each has done his best to create and nurture. With
respect to the war in the Crimea, as in regard to many
other matters of general concernment, the English public
has speculated without information, and -formed cal-
culations without data. This has involved us in a
maze of contradictions and absurdities, in attempting
to thread our way out of which we have succeeded only
in reaching a "limbo of vanities," in which the imaginary
and the real are, in a great degree, made to simulate each
other. When an expedition to the Crimea was first sug-
gested, the difficulties were ridiculously overrated. At
first Sebastopol was represented as impregnable, and the
difficulties attendant on a landing anywhere in the Crimea,
if not impossible, were stated to be so beset with dangers
as to render any attempt in that direction an object of the
most foolhardy description, if not a positively criminal
act. In defiance of these preconceived hazards, the expe-
dition was undertaken ; and as anything which savours of
daring meets a ready admiration among our free-breathing
people, the enterprise was lauded and its progress watched
with the most intense and hopeful anxiety. Arrived at
its destination, the army landed without even the sem-
blance of opposition, and then the people began to wonder
at and reprobate their own pusillanimous credulity, which
had induced them to believe in the capability of anything
to oppose our armaments or dispute our mighty will. The
dangerous delusion thus excited received speedy augmen-
tation. In a brief space after its landing in the Crimea,
the allied force marched into the interior, and by the
exercise of prudence, combined with the most daring
valour and indomitable courage, met, combated, and over-
threw the host of Russians who, advantageously posted to
resist, were scattered like chaff before the wind, by the
superior prowess of their allied antagonists. The sudden-
ness, completeness, and importance of the unexpected
victory gave rise to the most extravagant surmises, fed by
misapprehension and exaggerated by rumour, till amazed
Europe was beguiled into a belief that the supposed invul-
nerable fortress of Sebastopol had fallen into our hands,
as a corollary to the heroism of our soldiers, and the
panic of the Russians, displayed on the natural ram-
parts of the Alma. The delirium of triumph occa-
sioned by the rumour, which proves, in fact, to have been
founded in misconception, but in part to have arisen from
a " gigantic Greek stratagem," lasted for a brief space,
and then gave way to a feeling of disappointment, little
less violent, and not a whit more rational than our pre-
vious elation. It is even yet found difficult to eradicate
the belief in our unreal triumph ; and though weeks have
rolled on, the once stimulated appetite of an expectant
public, unsated by the capture of Sebastopol, refuses to
be satisfied—its members chafe—its organs stutter and
denounce ; soothe and vaticinate ; coax, wheedle, and
recapitulate—give utterance to wise conjectures, and
reason sagely from them—are again betrayed into unwar-
ranted averments, and are once and again reduced to the
necessity of assuming the part of DIGORY DoLnvuL. The
key to all these mysteries and contradictions is to be
found in the exaggerations incident to popular excitement,
which one hour over-rated the difficulties to be encoun-
tered, and the next yet more unduly over-estimated the
value of a partial, though really great success. A
moment's reflection is sufficient to explode the errors aris- '
ing from such misapprehensions. The progress of the
Allies in the Crimea has been unprecedentedly fortunate
hitherto. No reverse has, as yet, occurred to check the
course of their enterprise. In point of fact, their extraor-
dinary success has been the only ground of astonishment,
and if they should not become masters of Sebastopol,
even for some time to come, and do not achieve its con-
quest without sacrifices considerably greater than any-
thing they have yet been called on to suffer, it is no more
than was anticipated from the beginning, and would
hardly have given rise to remark, far less to disappoint-
ment and dissatisfaction, but for the unnatural expecta-
tions awakened by the early rumours. By men of sense
and information the expedition against Sebastopol has
always been looked on as an arduous and a hazardous
one, and if our antagonists had been as skilfully
handled, and possessed of the intrepidity and hardi-
hood for which they have generally received credit,
the despatches of our commander would have conveyed a
very different tale from that spirit-stirring narrative they
have imparted to us ; and we should have been compelled
to mingle with our songs of victory so dominant a note of
woe as would have greatly marred their harmony, and
almost robbed them of their tone of joy. Such, fortu-
nately, has not been the case. Our expedition—designed
with consummate skill, and so far executed with prudent
intrediity and dauntless resolution and alacrity—has
been successful beyond what our most sanguine expecta-
tions could have led us to anticipate. Shall we now fret
and give way to the impatient impulses of disappointment,
because we are only in the second stage of our operations,
meeting those difficulties which we were prepared to en-
counter and vanquish in their first ? Our armaments
are under the command of veteran heroes, whose re-
cent achievements prove they have in no degree derogated
from the valour and conduct which directed their career
while winning those laurels whirl► sit so becomingly upon
their brows ; and their efforts are nobly seconded by those
who are proud to emulate their worth, and by that emula-
tion to earn a kindred renown. The siege, according to
all, even Russian reports, is making progress in the right
direction—slow, indeed, but still an onward progress ; and
the end of the operations could be safely calculated, had
we the means of securing a continuance of favourable
weather. A serious, because a vitally important element,
in determining the nature of his operations, devolves upon
Lord RAGLAN at the present juncture,—that is, to consider
whether winter may not force upon him the alternative of
"now or never" in the question of an assault, by inhibiting
him from drawing upon the resources of art when the hills
are enveloped in a shroud of snow, and the earth is bound
in a case of frozen adamant harder than the rock which
has already almost baffled his exertions. The march and
army of the frozen monarch of the north are now more to
be dreaded by the besieging army than the resources of
those under command of General LIPILANDI, who, with
his 30,000 men, and the aid of a surprise, could after all
effect nothing but his own defeat, accompanied no doubt
by a lamentable sacrifice of life on our part.
This surprise is, however, in itself a significant and a
pregnant fact. It speaks trumpet-tongued of want of due
vigilance in some quarter where such remissness can be
little tolerated. It also does more. It forces on us a

comparison of the relative power of the belligerent parties.
'This comparison also opens our eyes to the fact that our
army of 25,000, as it landed in the Crimea, has dwindled
to 16,000 men, and that the French now only number
36,000, united only 50,000 men—a force which there
reason for believing the Russians in the
iderably outnumber. True, the latter are
[isheartened, but they are far from being
ch straits as to be despicable. Consideration
And disparities must force them-
.t home, and they call loudly
Even with

reduced to

for the immediate des

;hey are at

;sary to

.r naval

voured with won&

.ne weathc

is watere are as

Acture, I have not done so from any conviction that
11 be the side most probably presented to view in

course of the present operations; but simply because I
deem it desirable to know the forbidding, as well as the
attractive, view. Ido so, certain that, whatever be the
ultimate result of the expedition, great things have already
been effected by it. The boasted fleet which Russia pos-
sessed in the Black Sea has been annihilated, and with it
has perished the power of Russia in that sea. Almost all
their ships of the line were voluntarily sunk at the en-
trance to the harbour, and now nearly all of their steamers
have been sunk or burned by the fire of the Allies in the
inner harbour. Even the show ship of the Black Sea
fleet, the Holy Apostles, stationed to defend the South
harbour, has been forced to stand away from the fire of
the British guns, and court security in distance, a faithless
source of safety, as it can be reached at long range, and
will speedily be, if it has not already been' sunk or burnt
in company with its once formidable consorts. This, even
although the conquest of Sebastopol did not follow, must
still be considered as a vast result from one brief cam-
paign; conjoined, as there seems no °reason to doubt it will
be, with the subjugation of the fortress, the consequences
are far more important than-there was the slightest reason
for conjecturing would flow from it.

While reviewing the vicissitudes, and contemplating
even the triumphs of war, strange .incidents and unex-
pected visions force themselves on our contemplation. The
least pleasing of these are to be met with in the snapping
of family ties, and the anguish of here avement. Powerful
although these unquestionably are, it is not less wonderful
to note how readily the stimulus of enterprise and the
thirst for distinction .can overcome if not obliterate
them. This remark is fully borne out by the fact, that,
prior to the outbreak of the war, the names of applicants
for commissions in the army entered on the register only
numbered one hundred, and hardly ever exceeded it ; last
week there were twelve hundred names on the list—a fact
worthy of remark by the members, if there still be any, of
the Peace Society.
On Thursday last, His Royal Highness the PRINCE OP
WALES completed his thirteenth year, he having been
born on the 9th of November, 181,1. The auspicious
event was celebrated in most places, as well as in the
metropolis, with much delight, and many indications of
rejoicing. Within the domestic circle of the Royal Family
the day was observed as one of such rejoicing as distin-
guishes similar events in well-regulated families, the joy,
however, in this instance being to some extent enhanced
by the high position of the illustrious parties. His Royal
Highness, the Heir-apparent to the British Throne,
dressed in the Highland costume, and accompanied by
his illustrious brothers and sisters, witnessed the firing
of afeu de joie in the park at Windsor. The town was
brilliantly illuminated in the evening.
A propos of Windsor, something singular, if not also
odd, has occurred between the dear soft-sighing public
and its quondam protege, Lieutenant PERRY, of court-
martial renown and testimonial notoriety. The young
gentleman has, it would appear, betaken himself to a
study of the amenities of life, as these are to be met with
in such salons of Paris as he is likely to be most readily
admitted to. In his quarters in that gay capital, the
gallant ex-Lientenant has prepared and executed a sur-
prise on the treasurer of the " fund." He has, it seems,
drawn a cheque for £1,500 on the " fund," which was
presented on Saturday se'nnight, at the London and
County Joint Stock Bank ; and this day week the MAYOR
OP WINDSOR received an intimation from Mr. PERRY,
intimating that he bad so drawn, and coolly requesting
that the balance be paid over to his (Mr. PERRY'S) credit,
at the house of a Parisian banker named. The surprise
thus pleasantly played off by Mr. PERRY has produced
Waite a " full effect" upon the treasurer to that " fund."

The result of the " effect" will be best understood in the
MAYOR'S own words. "No intimation," says he "of
his intention, nor any other communication had been
made byMr,PERRY to the treasurer; consequently his cheque
(sic,) has not been honoured, nor his request to have the
balance paid over to him been complied with. The treasurer
has deposited £2,000 with the Windsor bankers, at interest,
in the joint names of himself and Mr. PERRY, and there
he intends it to remain until a better investment can be
made." Thus far, then, it would seem that Mr. PERRY has
succeeded by his surprise in obtaining "check-mate."
He has done more: the treasurer has announced, by adver-
tisement in the Times, that he will not receive any more
subscriptions, or at least requests that no more may be
sent to him; probably Mr. PERRY himself would not
object to undertake the duty. Unless the public take the
hint thrown out by the treasurer, and send no more sub-
scriptions, something must be done.
Instead of looming in the haze of "foggy Noveniber,"
London, last week, was rendered radiant by a perfect flood
of " Moon-shine." On Thursday last, the 9th of Nov.,
ever memorable in city annals, the Corporation of the
" Wen," as Cobbett delighted to call it, elected FRANCIS
GRAHAM MOON, Esq., &c., &c., &c., to the civic chair, and,
contrary to the tenor of an often-fulminated threat, there
was a grand Lord Mayor's show." The day was beau-
tiful—the procession long and gorgeous—the spectators
numerous and delighted. Of course the was much cere-
mony and no end of shouting banners waved and
trumpets sounded—curs yelped and mongrels barked—
horses plunged and kicked—women shrieked and urchins
yelled, and the full chorus of Cockney triumph
floated loudly and long over the assembled multitude.
Truly we live in perilous times, for not only was the Lord
Mayor's show threatened with extinction this year, as well
as on some previous ones, but, worse than that, an attempt
had been made on the present occasion to suppress the
" feast I" Thanks to the gastronomic,spirit of the court
of Aldermen, aetd the- bibacious resolution of the common
council, such an inroad on our time-honoured institutions
was averted, and the banquet, with its seas of turtle-soup,
mountains of roast beef, avalanches of jelly, oceans of
" rosy wine," and torrents of claret, came off in the Guild-
hall as usual. Conspicuous among the noble and polished
roysterers who graced the civic " highjinks" were most of
the Cabinet Ministers, including the PREMIER, Lord
JOHN RUSSELL, and Viscount PALMERSTON. The first-
named of those distinguished individuals, still harping on
the great European rupture, confessed, like Lucius in the
play, that " his thoughts were turned on peace." Lord
Joni( was sententious, quaint, quiet, as if taught by un-
lucky experience that " least said is soonest mended."
Lord PALMERSTON blazed away like the " agreable
RATTLE at the Club," and in proposing the health of the
Lady MAYORESS contrived to say "an infinite deal of
nothing" in a style peculiarly his own, wherein badinage
trips in dangerous proximity with rudeness, and non-
chalance rubs shoulders with impertinence. At the same
social board Lord HA.RDINGE, in returning thanks for the
toast of the " Army and Navy," made a few sensible and
guarded remarks, confining himself chiefly to a recognition
of the bravery of the French and the excellent discipline
and high sense of duty of the English.
In a previous portion of this somewhat discursive com-
munication, I have made allusion to the singularities of
incident and feeling which are brought to light by the
contingencies of war. Not the least singular of those
curious incidents will be found in the persistent if not
consistent alliance which has been struck up between the
peace-preaching apostle of Quakerdom, JOHN BRIGHT, and
the war-practising protector of the Greek-fire, the CZAR
of Muscovy. The fire-eating EMMPEROR casts a covetous
glance of his "mild eyes" upon his sick neighbour's pro-
perty, accompanying the glance with an unmistakeable, if
also undeclared clutch at the property. The furtive act
of the royal robber is detected and denounced by the
common friends of both parties, and in steps the peace-
maker with the broadbrim to the rescue of the culprit;
and declares that laws which restrain the strong from
appropriating the property of the weak, are none of his
laws, that to uphold them is to abet murder, as his "mild
eyed" friend means to retain possession even at the dag-
ger's point. Joni( BRIGHT, writing with the pen of a
dove's pinion, excuses the carnage occasioned by dastardly
treachery on the part of Russians against his own coun-
trymen at the battle of Alma, by saying—" Russians in
their frenzy or their terror, shooting Englishmen who
would have offered them water to quench their agony of
thirst," will be excused, and the Englishmen condemned
at the "inquisition of blood." I pass over the audacious
blasphemy of such a declaration, feeling sensible that
Quakers sometimes have an irrepressible itch for wielding
divine thunder, and that Joni( BRIGHT, in particular, is
too wise in his own conceit to listen even for a moment
to any one who would venture to doubt his infallibility ;
but it cannot be altogether a matter of indifference to the
community that such a man should have any share in the
making of its laws. If children of our own soil—mem-
bers of our own legislature, can be found harbouring such
views, and not blushing to give them utterance, can we
wonder that men who acknowledge no connexion with us,
although dwelling and realising wealth under the pro-
tection of our laws, should so far forget the obligations
they owe us as to rejoice at the reported triumphs of our
enemies ?

The Patriotic Fund is being worked out in a national
and really noble form in so far as the collection of money
is concerned; all portions and every denomination of the
community vieing with each other in pouring in contri-
butions to the general fund, the metropolis properly taking
the lead with a large amount. Your own good town, I
am proud to see, is not behind in the good work ;
Glasgow, Manchester, and other large towns are also fol-
lowing the example ; the counties likewise are up and
doing, while congregations, clubs, and other denomina-
tional knots are cheerfully contributing their exertions
and their coin in furtherance of the patriotic bounty.
While such generous and self-sacrificing efforts are being
so largely made to raise a fund worthy of the country and
the occasion, it is painful to see mistaken views of duty
interfering to divert the generous stream from reaching
the objects really intended to be nurtured by it, All the
world is now acquainted with the fact that relief has been
refused to the widows and orphans of two soldiers who
have perished in the campaign, on the ground of some
technical objection to their claim. In the case of one,
widow GODWIN, the claim for herself and children has
been refused, not because she was not legally married and
her children illegitimate—not because her husband has
not died in the campaign,—all these matters are freely
admitted—hut because her husband was a bad husband,
an unnatural father, and a perjured man ! Ile swore.
when he enlisted, that he was a single man, and it subse-
quently turned out that he so enlisted and so swore
falsely, with the express purpose of getting rid of his wife
and abandoning his helpless offspring. Can it be believed
that the administrators of the Patriotic Fund feel them-
selves justified, far less called on to act as executors of his
malignity, in carrying out his detestable inhumanity
beyond the grave ? In such a case as his, most justly
would reparation to his family have been ordered out of
his goods and fortune, if he had had any. As he fell in
the service of his country, that country considers he had
a claim on its gratitude for those lie left behind him, which
he could no more divest them of by perjury than lie could
break the marriage bond by the lie implied in its commis-
sion. The contributors to the Patriotic Fund never
meant, and never will consent, to act as agents of the

vindictiveness of cruel husbands and heartless fathers.
Succour to the orphan and widow of the soldier has been
the broad and benevolent intention of the contributors to
that fund; they had no desire to visit the sins of the

fathers on their wronged and deserted children, and it i
no part of thßir intention that the relief of claimants shal
be regulated by the_etiquette_of regimental discipline.

!peated visitations of pc

ter frequent i

:hale from common sewers, and many plans have
been suggested for removing the deadly nuisance. One,
and seemingly the most feasible which has yet appeared,
has just been brought under - notice by your ingenious
neighbour, Mr. NASMYTH, the celebrated engineer, of
Manchester. It is that an opening from the nearest sewer
be made directly into the furnace of every steam-engine in
every town, so placed that the furnace should receive the
whole, or a large portion of its air supply through the
sewer.* This would pass the polluted air through the
furnace ; and as every chemist is aware that the noxious-
ness of gases is destroyed at a temperature of 700 deg., the
air would issue harmless from the furnace-chimney. Such
a plan, if adopted, Mr. NASMYTH says, would completely
remove every unpleasant exhalation from gully-holes and
water-closets by making the air-currents rush down these
appertures, instead of up, under the present system. The
plan seems feasible, and easy of application.
In literary, theatrical, and musical circles, little has
occurred to call for notice. Mr. CHARLES KEAN has
brought one of his orchestra musicians to book for a breach
of engagement in absenting himself from the orchestra
without leave, and having his duty performed by a substi-
tute. The manager took the son of ORPHEUS into court,
and recovered a pecuniary compensation in lieu of damages.
This has caused some stir among musical men, as it will
interfere considerably with both their habits and their

usage&

[* The plan suggested by Mr. Nasmyth, is one, or very near
it, which was recommended by Mr. Newlands, our borough
engineer, in his report of 184 S. It has also, we understand,
been carried into operation in Liverpool, and has been found
to answer admirably.—En. L. S.]

freights
£5 from

ST. ANNE'S ,WARD

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

am happy to say that

appeared in your paper of Tuek

n conseq

last, an explanatic

been given to me on behalf of Mr. Kitchen, respecting the
language made use of by that gentleman, in his speech on
the first of November, and which completely exonerates Mr.
Houghton's committee from all blame or participation in the
subject matter of Mr. Kitchen's complaint. His remarks
were intended to apply only to that acrimonious class of
persons called " Squib•writers," whose language, on this
occasion, he considers scurrilous and shameful. I must beg
to express my deep regret that Mr. Kitchen should be so
much annoyed by those anonymous writers, who try their
literary abilities on the eve of an election : the only oppor-
tunity they have of appearing before the public in the charac-
ter of authors,—

" A school-boy's trick, unworthy praise or blame."
—Such things have been done by amateur politicians, on
similar occasions, before Mr. Kitchen or I were born ; and,
the probability is, that the next generation will be as prolific
in squib-writers as the present, however much we may fret
ourselves about it. I do not intend to defend or countenance
these practices, but to impress on that gentleman's mind the
propriety of letting such things die away with the day tha
gave them birth, whoever may chance to be the successful
candidate.—l am, Sir, yours, &c.,

ONE OF MR. HOUGHTON'S COMMITTEE

THE CONSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
Si is pretty generally known that the "Constitutiona
Association" forms what I may call the organism of the
great Conservative party of Liverpool ; and, if it really ful-
filled the objects for which it was established, it might have
proved of eminent service, deserving the support of every
man who values his constitutional privileges, and is anxious
to maintain inviolate our time-hallowed institutions of Church
and State. The necessity of combination, for self preservation
is evident in many minor affairs, but is of the first conse-
quence when the assaults of Liberalism, Democracy, and
Infidelity have to be resisted. For such a purpose, an ably-
managed Association might prove of infinite service, securing
not only a unity of action when we are called upon to return
representatives to the National Legislature, bat in the scarcely
less important duty of returning representatives to our local
Parliament. I am an old subscriber to the Constitutional
Association, and feel much interest in the success of its
operations ; but, in common with many other subscribers, I
sin extremely dissatisfied with its proceedings. Indeed, I
have too much reason to fear that there is a want of fidelity
in some of those entrusted with the executive, and a want of
energy and activity which renders its continuance in its pre-
sent state almost useless. For instance, I may state, that on
several occasions. Radical papers in this town have published
the substance of what has taken place at committee and other
private meetings of the Constitutional Association, while the
Conservative papers seem to have been left in the dark
though their constant exertions for the good cause demand
more confidence and better treatment. This was particularly
the case last Tuesday, when the Mercury stated that a meet-
ing of Conservative members of the Council had been held the
previous Saturday at the Constitutional Association's rooms,
and actually gave the numbers, and how they voted. This is
not as it should be, but proves there must be a traitor some-
where. It i my opinion that the Association should be new-
modelled, that efficient officers should be employed, and that
some steps should be taken to prevent its proceedings being
communicated to the organs of political opponents. Unless
something of this kind be done, I shall discontinue my sub-
scription; and I know many of my friends who will do the
same

I aro, Sir,
AN OLD MEMBER

THE RECENT DESTRUCTIVE FIRE

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

SlR,—The letter inserted in the Liverpool Journal of the
4th instant has elicited the subjoined letter from one whose
long practical experience in the suppression of large fires
must give weight and importance to his opinions, and I avail
myself of his permission to publish it.
A very large amount of property has quite needlessly fallen
a sacrifice, which most assuredly could have been prevented
in this instance, if the Fire Annihilator Machines, which the
town has provided, had been made use of.—l remain, Sir,
your obedient servant, FRANCIS MORTON.
13, James-street, Liverpool, 10th November, 1854.

POLICE-OFFICE, LEEDS, 6th November, 1854

SI R,—l have to thank you for sending me a copy of the
Liverpool Journal of Saturday last, in which I saw yourletter
to the editor of that journal, headed—" Why were not the
Fire Annihilator Machines used at Lancelot's-hey ?" I have
very carefully read over the whole of that letter, and there is
not one sentence in it but what I perfectly agree with ; and,
from my practical experience, I have not the slightest hesita-
tion in saying that, had the fire you refer to occurred in
Leeds, it would have been extinguished by the application of
the Fire Annihilator Machines in a few minutes, and thus a
vast amount of property would have been saved.
I also beg to state, for your information, that at the time
the Town Council of this borough provided a sufficient
number of the FiriAnnihilator Machines for the use of their
fire brigade, one of the fire assurance companies here pro-
vided themselves with a sufficient number for their own use ;
but, from that time up to the present moment, they have
never made use of a sinzle machine, stating that they never
saw an opportunity where they could be made available.
They have preceded us at many fires, having the machines
with them ; and, notwithstanding the above declaration, we
have made use of our machines, and in every case they have
been completely successful ; and if theirs had been used, I
have no doubt they would have been equally so ; but the fact
speaks for itself—they are not "in willing hands."—l am,
Sir, your obedient servant,

WILLIAM JAMES,
Superintendent of the Leeds Fire Brigade
To Mr. Francis Morton, 13, James-street, Liverpool.

BRISTOL.

[FROM A CORRESPONDENT.]
_ _

A CERTAIN French writer has justly observed that,
" if seclusion has its pleasures, it has, likewise, its disad-
vantages." The indefatigable Bristolians, who, naturally
enough, are always upholding the superiority of their
city over the other towns of the kingdom, might learn
a useful lesson from the sentence I have quoted. Bristol
has always been far too fond of trumpeting forth her natural
and artificial advantages ; has been too self-reliant to
succeed in any great enterprise. Her proverbial prejudice
against all who are not connected with her by birth, or
intimate association with her commercial establishments,
has always stood in her way, and hindered the develop-
ment of her mercantile resources : so long as nobody
stood in her way, she has been contented to proceed in
the same jog-trot manner, for it has been truly said that,
" when ignorance is bliss, 'tis folly to be wise !" The
Bristolians were quite satisfied with the ordinary course
of things. Their proverbial " one eye" they thought
could not see things in any but a correct light ; and the
consequence has been that Bristol has, until recent events
roused her feeble energies to a sense of her real danger
been in a state of useless apathy. Now, however, if
Bristol wishes to attain a respectable position in the com-
mercial world, she must be "up and doing." The progress
which Liverpool, that giant of the North, is making, and
the sensible diminution in the trade of Bristol, are facts
not to be overlooked. The proud position of the former
city, and her magnificent and unrivalled dock accommo-
dation form a marked contrast to the dreary monotony
which hangs like a pall over Bristol. Even Cardiff, with
praiseworthy exertions, is gradually taking the lead of
Bristol in the commercial world : the ships which crowd
her docks far out-number those which constitute the mer-
cantile marine of Bristol. The Bristolians themselves are
aware of their danger. The useless talk about " natural
advantages," and contemplated improvements, which has
been continually sounded in their ears, will no longer
conceal the naked incontrovertible fact, that unless those
who are responsible for the well-being of Bristol bestir
themselves at once she must yield eventually to the com-
mercial enterprise and spirit of the North. The small
amount of trade which is still in their possession may last
for a time, but unless great, and as yet unattempted
exertions are made, Bristol must decline ; and, from being
one of the leading cities of the empire, become one of the
most insignificant—nous verrons.

Commercial business here is in a very flat state. There
have been no arrivals of sugar in the port for a considera-
ble time, and now it is not reasonable to suppose that
further arrivals will take place until about Christmas. In
our sugar market the sales during the week have amounted
to 500 lihds. West Indian, and 1200 mats Mauritius, at full
rates. A large amount of business has been done in rum, at
rather improved quotations. We have no arrivals of corn
from foreign ports ; but a considerable quantity of grain
has arrived coastwise, during the past week. A consider-

able advance has taken place in the price of English
wheat. Foreign has also advanced 3s. to 4s. per quarter.

The Irish provision trade continues brisk. We have
constant arrivals, and prices are well maintained. I have
to note a considerable improvement in the wine trade.
several vessels from Oporto, Charente, fic
here this week. Merchants, however
trade will not make a good opening this

y that

quence of the failure of the vintage,

Our fre

is considerably dull, if we consider the amount c
done. For vessels not exceeding 600 tons, and

way out to the East Ind.

[es, brokers aft

Vessels are also wanted V
angoon or Akyab, and port

charterers at the former place if a whole car
there. From Madras

from Calcutta. £5 per ton is offered from Sal

for tobacco, in bales ; and 225. 6d. from a

Santander for a cargo of flour. Freights, (
Havanna, Jamaica, Barbadoes, &c, are

UESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1854'

re than was expect,

prices

_-------..

r ballast
Akyab.

L-'". ...... rOln
Government having determined to institute,
blockade of all the Russian ports, a large

a the Russian trade
Piol
--f.

tonnage usually employed ___ -
thrown on the West Indian ports, and PrevellAorviro
ardlY
rates being maintained. Shipowners can 1,

in chartering at

?resent rates

The iron market has been flat

' r
Welsh, £8 I°°
lot
The elP4)rtB

ton ; other sorts range up to £ll lOs,
only amounted to 300 tons of rail.

.4...a.raspoevorsammowes.....o.o.ll veCif,
ECCLESIASTICAL I.NTELLIG-I''''

PREFERMENTS AND AND APPOINTMES,g ottbigh
Rev. 0. Adolphus, 8.A., to the Curacy of '`
mbtrir
..,
Bethnal-g,reen, London.
Rev. J. Bandinell, to the Temporary Weir
near Tring. f Fresbill
Rev. H. Beaumont, 8.A., to the Rectory of
eiddet
Bath. of !Ahe-
Rev. W. T. Blathwayt, M.A., to the Curacyof st,
Somerset. 1 Casa
Rev. C. T. T. Blake. M.A., to the Perpetua
Mrl'
Martin of Coslany, Norwich. of St. -
Rev. It. F. Browne, 51. A., to the Curacy god
Newton-in•Makerfield, near Warrington. , vitaltoe
Rev. J. E. Coulson. M.A. to the Curacy 01 l
Weston in Gardatio, Somerset. v Of
Charge of CllO
.-
Rev. Augustus E. Crowder, to the Incumbenc,
...dv,
Church, Dunse, Berwickshire. theCWP.-
Rev. J. W. Dolignon, M.A., to the Curacy of Bo
di°
ton, Dorset, of °ell
Rev. J. D. Elliott, to the Perpetual Curacy 01l
New Pari h, s Somerset. f S°C''
The Rev. C. J. Forshaw, to the Curacies 0
to,
Ottersey and Cricket Malherbie, Somerset. ,WO
Rev. J. G. Howard, B.A, to the Curacy ei ,liti
Somerset. JP
Rev. J. Howard, to the Perpetual Curacy of Gov-
et),
near Rawtenstall. of VOtfl
Rev. M. Hughes, 8.A., to the Vicarage tot.
Angleßev.s J.. sloe
ey
T. Jones, M.A., to the Curacy of Dill-d e .r, obe
Rev. John F. Mackarness, Vicar of Tardebigge,b ...,
rary Canon at Worcester Cathedral. : b peer
erot
Rev. W. Molyneux, M.A., to the Curacy of 1-bg
Somerset. tont S°l 1".
Rev. J. Sedgwick, M.A., to the Curacy of Grein ;„1, S . ,
Rev. W. Sweeting M.A., to the Curacy of pelf.- aof
nard, with Sedghill, Wilts. Cuff'
Knowle C. E. Underwood, B.A. to the Assistant Or
Knowle St. Giles. f Wel
Rev. J. A. Wallace, M.A. o, to the Vicarage ifilli
Somerset. swiclh
Rev. J. W. Ware, M.A.. to the Rectory of VIII°
Little Cowarne annexed, Herefordshire.

DIOCESE OF CHESTER. bell/
PREFERMENTS.—The Rev. William Sinden
licenced to the Perpetual Curacy of the ne PPiall
'St. Peter, Macclesfield, in the comity of ebester'r%
the resignation of the Rev. W. H. R. Brickinan• Thei
the Queen, for this turn. Value, £lso.—The gev
i.
Cox has been nominated to the Perpetual C of
Threapwood, in the county of Flint and dioce6,ro.ooo
Asaph, void by the resignation of the Re°',
Phayre, by the Bishop of Chester, patron thereel• Troiti
ViCANCY.—The Perpetual Curacy of 11°111,
Church, Bardsea, in the parish of Urswiek, in tevitigy
of Lancaster, by the resignation of the Rev. 11* Ott
Patrons, the representatives of the late Rev. T. P' tbi
CoNSECEATIONS.—Trinity Church, Bollitleil'eb,#
parish of Rostherne, Cheshire. This new Cbehurestet°ll,,
completed, was consecrated by the Bishop of
Friday last, the 10th instant. For the presentriollo.
in the nature of a Chapel of Ease to the Parisheo7 'eat°
Rostherne, but it is intended to have a distrietB:ooe,
it, when it will become a separate benefice, the ;0 OP;
remaining in the Vicar of Rostherne. The pied
tains 256 sittings, of which 160 are free. I'd; 1,0,1d11/1-
land added to the churchyard of Sandbach. in
of Chester, is to be consecrated.by the Bishop-
next, the 17th instant

the if 111119
THE REV. DR. Joiln HUME SPRY, recta rot'
of Marylebone, died on Saturday afteric:, ti"efor,
residence, in Devonshire-place. By his 4es"000 Yjetti'
tory of Marylebone, worth upwards of 17t,101,"
and a canonry residentiary in Canterbury Catuv-
afln
upwards of £l,OOO a-year, are now vacant. The Cof„ibt
THE LORD CHANCELLOR has conferred..,,L;l4sAl
in Rochester Cathedral, which recently bees.,.`"dista_,o
the death of the Hon. and Rev. Frederick 11,-°_„"iolO'-'
on the Rev. Thomas Robinson, D.D., late 15•1' Ado.l
Madras. Kip
A RAILWAY CHURCH.—The Great Norther:, tined
Company have given notice of their intention to efetlio
Parliament in the ensuing session for powers poliV
endow a church in or near the town n' otne tbr
together with schoolhouses, for thebenefit of the ed
St
operatives and servants of the company eloPl°Y
plant-station of that town. oo 4storte
CANADA CLERGY RESERVES.—The Cana-1301,1
publish an account of the Clergy Reserves_bee ofro
introduced by the new government. A Qn,;lfferfl
pondent writes to the Daily Leader that it
the bill published last June only in two en-oe srpfo
bill proposed to distribute, annually, the reve old
from the clergy reserves among the country pt07;06
municipalities of the province ; the present the
for the distribution, at the same time, anupiced ajd6
way, of the entire proceeds of the reseurvnedserrectilgu,
the year, capital as well as revenue.
of this bill, when all the lands have bina thefl
for, all the capital will have been distri,DuA, Thy der
will have ceased to exist. The ImPeri'll 'ds of 9_
our own Legislature, provides that the stinen their p•- of
sent recipients of the revenues be secured _gooi „e
for life. The Government Bill gives them 9aelfro001;,
commuting their claim on the principle of lifliedtoso
companies. Of course they could not be eoinPeolallo
mute a life claim, secured by Act of Parliamentiber
can be done is to give them the option. In all ;)., lost: ',dire
the bill is the same as that published in ..
RESTORATION OF LLANDAFF C.A.THICO''' of 1.1.-
measures are taken to promote the restoratioL berl,o
thedral of Llandaff. This interesting work lees
progress for some time and much has alreadl befall-Or
The Lady Chapel has been completely a!"Aionf,',
restored, and is now (during the re-constMi, e 010
nave and choir) used for the purpose of Iniich lobeThe Italian cornice, ceiling, and low roof, Ic jos sr
disfigured the latter portion of the building, with jig
removed, and replaced by one in confortai76oooy
original design. The clerestory, too, has Aoorrifet
ancient character : a beautiful reredos, and a",,,sirmilt
arch have been laid bare, and a perspective r,Abdo
the nave into the eastern or Lady ChaPeeat 1
whole of that portion of the building at PrriSgioro;
cover has been gradually recovering its 0 bier.
Much, however, remains to be done even ) • • rf
Chapter have contributed by private subselot,o
eluding the liberal donations of the late and Prni ttv'ejefli
upwards of £2,000 towards the work ; vr,Mitor"
about £3,000 had to be collected from the lal" ei.ncem
of the diocese ; but all the funds are no° f r't
About £2,000 would complete the restorationble the
of the fabric at present under cover, and e„iot
to be again opened for public service-a 1100'0 et
"-
importance not merely for diocesan purpnselh.,,opalboti t
e
accommodation for the large and growlng
rot
Llandaff itself, which has no parochial eh
from its cathedral.
THE REAL PRESENCE.—The following4d,•
from the recent charge of the Bishop of Oil°
to this subject :—" The Church held that they
wi
peculiar and supernatural presence of Ch,rls feo
people in that holy Sacrament ; that in it "'swoon se,
by the fit reception of the consecrated eleine4.oo
the faithful worshipper the real partaking 0' le ,_;A
His blood, whereby the souls of faithful Pe°310,97 Olen'
freshed; but the Church taught also tinition_flloso'
revealed to His people the mode and con visp,t if •
presence, which, being divine and supernaturs';;A'' of
be made the subject of argument, as tbo
1Inc:Lo;
governed by the laws or entailed the ee_n,_,t'Ort;‘°o
material presence. As to the manner of ull"„gicer)ei
in the Holy Eucharist, the Church gave 11°...5-grion:_,
the contrary protested against the disew-r,•4lorde
questions, as being curious and full of dange..g.se lot
likely, moreover, to lead men into fearful erTibecb
them wise above what is written. Arias the of
into which men had been led in this matt one haeost,,,
loudly protested. She condemned, on the., rwep ;5;
Zuinglian theory, which would resolve,'"; ion,. biro
Christ's presence into a quickened apnren
part of the devout worshipper, while, on ta`golt
she condemned the Papal solution of the iqbe 131:.0torp
taught those of the grosser sort, that with "oonrillied,
wine the body and blood of Christ werseattlAlie
while it instructed those who were more e
the process of consecration the bread and Dina'1
while the body and blood of Christ took theft ire suer
doctrine of transubstantiation, whether for, Chi
or more fanciful form, had led to many dr 004 rer„„rd
stitions, and was consequently reprobaten t 0,,,
They (the clergy) should first of all insist tic!, oweot
and truth of that supernaural 4,lloaersiliotlef
had graciously pleased to vouchsafe in tha, tothfd keg
the worthy recipient—they should discouragL, 7-coeb,,d
of their power all speculation in reference to Oeto,
should condemn that specific form of err?' be
which our Church had actually censureuiisiac t„'" Khot
time they should guard against a doglint,d
.t Bey ta7l
wards those who differed from them, s"tionssoldt, of
labour to lead the people from curious clusived h'petwiel)
which was eminently a mystery to be reee,be
with faith, and not to be argued out hYu'inettwir berol
the reason. And if at anytime, from crier into fl.le
might occur, they were compelled satenterstery, 111).ect, vor
planations with regard to that gr InYf the oil 11104
warn them to keep closely to the letter 0.
_..„ctice'..,cel
to the scriptural view of the doctrine andwria was;i0:11
for example, instead of speculating to
orldoglieb 11;.5
by the unfaithful in the Lord's SZPPer'rs on we 1,°,00
to unfavourable, influences upon matters o,
_Ate
Scripture was silent, they should teacl___',o'inted
promise was sure, and that where the all, eon%iti 11'4
performed in all its parts-where thetrse2;l7ere vo ot
oblation, and reception of the elemen
right to s insos
proper partaking ; but they, had no 1.01.4
0. to
particular point, after any particular 'pre; 15 ;
and to argue that at that time the 1/L1
14'
there, which was promised to the due receiving'

3ILL ROBBERIES AT NVNYCASTO•7I.ye. J4)°-d.
k, Joseph Wolfe, dentist, of Newr
Chel4elhe
f Norwich, and Thomas Martin,
0.,t bfor_sno•
..,re boolt rtio,
,

in the theatrh
magistrates, c

ll ••
Stealing
£2OO and £B9,4lellogcuct
Wolfe veroltil jeteeo
10
;00 robberb
sv ai 11
endf:titaittireeeedotiff.:o.ire::::biriverj:yet
fl P'irtr
!)B;teflice'
Aare

.cumstances cietaile

ag the lett,
s. The tli

ietter will be cases f

of the

the peesess""ill the F,-000w:coi:
the reilwir',„n the 1 „o oov
ing than virork",
and WalkCr

clerk in cow
Valker, Park(

TU
ESDAY, NON

LOCAL INTELLIGI

14, 1854

16;:r di,FIS TO THE BLACn
toeaPatched the screw-steameL
t!fto Constantinople, on Tuesday morning,
ittetand a number of passengers. This line
and reliable means of communication for those who
8144 forward parcels to friends or relations in the
Tth, et,a' as a vessel is despatched about every ten days.
;he ACCOUNTS.—The adjourned audit of
Nr‘,"4'31.11 accounts was held on Tuesday, at the West
Qpioboard-room, before Mr. Rees, auditor for the
5%3. the accounts appeared to be still
481:11* The auditor said there
oho 3' 2d. due to the township, and there was nothing
,),Ifilt from whom it was due. He then. further ad-
Wr the audit, and ordered that a summons be issued
,`,Le attendance of Mr. Morley, who had collected it, at
/141,reft inquiry.
5f4,,?1,4.1tv AT ORarsKraß.—Some time ago, the house
ifkr'l`Low lady, at 0 kirk, was entered at night by
111.4 tea with their faces blackened, who carried off
It% 3tr.2f valuable property, and were not heard of fte
ki 111 Thursday morning, when Inspectors Murphy
kteitui.atyle, of the detective force. here, succeeded in
t them at Runcorn, and in recovering a large
'6,1 of the property.
htkilßunoPa..-311: W. T. Sellers, writing to the
leing Post, states; that the American brigantine
_Slaine master, witnessed the burning of the
itki;,transport, on the 31st May : the master lay-to to
tWtre-Ie fire but refused to aid the poor people who
~bzngin the flames or in the sea! This has been
',the Y declared before the American consul at Oporto,
,k,hpresence of Maine
f,tok-,lca-fA GALVANISM, AND GALVANIC APPARATUS.-
14 -"II, advertisement it will be seen that apparatus of
k)pliielal?!t approved construction for medical andhothner
14ons of galvanism, can be had at the establi! me
et
4. Atkinson, in Manchester-street. These. incln
‘ll theachines constructed on the newest principle, with
Par,i,i4nat recent improvements.
Lkitilif; COVRTS.—The Lords of the Treasury, after. a
*glee - Investigation into the relative extent and impor-
k,of the business transacted in each circuit, have been
the-'ftt° award the maximum salary to the following 15
44X/sakes of county courts,—viz., to
4. w' °Hock Esq. Circuit 6 Liverpool.
tob: Harden, 'Esq „ 7 Chester,f
Jam es i Brandt, Esq 8 Manchester,
Stansfield Esq. •
W r
alke 'Es ~ 13 Sheffield. &c.
Marshall,llr.i 'E_sqq• • • 14 Leeds, &c.
nr,LerjeantClarke ••
• • • • • 25 Wolverhampton,
,',9eant Manning ~ 40 Whitechapel.
Itr,Zrleant Storks
ineant Jones 42 Clerkenwell.
Esq , 43 Finsbury.
4101ohus Fir
. alley Es
45 Westminster.
j.trike
47 Southwark, &c.
tt Taylor, Esq 4B Lambeth, &c.
N'9llol RW BEER LAW.—The first of a series of meet-
iqa '',°!e Liverpool licensed victuallers, to be held from
eh'' indifferent wards, took place on Tuesda at
Pifflisra Lin, Scotland Ward. The chair was occupied.
kl the ~."11n Atkinson, chairman of the trade committee
.socon. The chairman detailed t the meeting
'eaolations of the select committee of the• House of
t°118? so far as they are likely to affect the trade if
d into law, without any corresponding advantages to
Sizne or the morals of the people ; and, in conclusion,
trade to form a ward committee to aid and assist
It 1507 ther tradesmen in the other wards of the town,
Tta,' 4 the several ward committees shall be formed.
e;„agreed that a determined opposition should be
LI bi*" anY bill formed on the resolutions of the House
7titio",tßons, and a committee was appointed to prepare
Zs and take the other necessary measures with a
that object.
Ua T SBIIPTCY COURT. —ln re Isadore Bernestein :
looit't;eo,B4.l,, 3r, before Mr. Commissioner Perry, there was a
Ni,^„,'or choice of assignees, which was adjourned on
r. rt grounds to the 27th.—On the same day, before
PLipt
pion,e'romissor Stevenson in re Kimpton, the bank-
Na-maine his adjourned last examination, and was
h'er, „-`„ °ll behalf of the assignees. The bankrupt, how-
L'°t passed his last
.examination.—In re William Jones :
,j`ter,;krapt carried on business as a boatbuilder at
(.141' and Seacombe. Wednesday was fixed for the
~ba,11.? on the application for the certificate, before Mr.
,iltiffVsioner Stevenson. The court waited for three.
'Dl)ea-1.3 of an hour, but the bankrupt never made his
S,-itice, It was inferred that the bankrupt's absence
lior,,°lll indisposition, and under these circumstances
;`°tlr adjourned the case to the 23rd instant.
‘CIA.RSToN BOARD OF HEALTH.—The commis-
held their monthly meeting on Tuesday, at the
14Ht13711 Rotel. From the proceedings of the works and
'44 c°nlinittee it appeared that advertisements had
,Itth;',.saed for tenders to furnish a general survey plan
,'",4l.4°,vnship. That of Mr. E. Gotto, of Westminster,
mender
to the board for acceptance, the amount
dl s 'ender being £9B. The minutes were confirmed.
f the finance and bye-law committees were
I?:laciti"` es e
and confirmed. A letter was read from Mr.
L'PPly till • eer to the Liverpool Water-works, as to the
."11, `4 Water to the township of Garstou. The hoard
Lat;votirned,
NoilltittY INQuinY.—On Wednesday, a public inquiry
NthiZe sanitary condition of that portion of Toxteth-park
the district of St. Michael's hamlet was held in
'4c Chael's School-room, Park-lane, before W. Ranger,
Ciet' one of the superintending inspectors under the
Ibl Board of Health. The inquiry was held in con-
"erf'eace of a petition, which had been presented from
it inhabitants and ratepayers, complaining that the
tillesjate was very defective, and applying for the intro-
N*4° of the Health of Towns Act. After hearing
`l\vti,Z in reference to other parts of the township, the
tended
made a personal survey, and met the ratepayers
4 to communicate the recommendation he in-
tr-r, rt p, make to the general Board of Health.
.111.1
type general satisfaction, and thanks were cordially
W 0 him.
1,3,11.10„,1)St DE F E B.Y.— Two NEW BOATS.—At the
"go d Commissioners': meeting, on Tuesday,
.the
„el ea
tr Committee reported the following : Receipts
,t2j;,4ober, 1854 From 593 2s. 10d. ; same month, 1853,
N"),` 188: lid,' the 25th April to the 31st
1854 (both inclusive,) £16,613 16s. 11d.; same
1853, £14,375 10s. 11d. Total expenditure for
23, -14,111 e period, 1854, £15,111 ls.. ; 1853, £12,094
tiCu'• --A sub-committee had been appointed to confer
Ott r• Laird as to his willingness to annul the contract
g into with him to build a new boat, with deck-
,,ktek-V, for £ll,OOO ; and that gentleman had agreed in-
feet' t 0 build two boats, each 120 feet long, 22 feet beam,
,`4f:,,,s'ePth, and 70 horse-power, for £14,000,
co
an offer which
'\lltatnittee had closed with, and signed the new ntract.
I‘v boats would be about five feet shorter than the
'tl+ll,ni, but would have a great deal more deck-room. They
5e„,.111, 3' draw four feet and-a-half of water, while the
114-' boats drew nearly six feet. According to the
446 Ilseritered into with Mr. Laird, the payments for the
/°lltfnats would be extended over the next three years,
4‘il3, tile old agreement was to pay for the one boat
Stn Year.
!kt j„."Nr FRANKLIN AND THE ARCTIC REGIONS.—
It%tFieohe ''';e-hal,Hpe-street, on Wednesday, the Rev.
f tceabY delivered a lecture on the above interesting
tio!,-"°r the be efit of the Church of England Insti-
CLte i The Rev. J. S. Howson, principal of the Colle-
t oastntion, oc—cu ied the chair. The Chairman said
1.,,t1)1,1N,,r• Scoresby's well-known character as an
.Arctic
(-sfo''anian of science, and, better still, a minister of
vealg heel, rendered any enlogium on his part in intro-
ilqurfa linnecessary. Thelecturer was r.eceive.d
tr°v -efa,iplause He commenced by expressing his
4-,,"! a al
-,,,‘14e objects. of the Church of England Institu-
i)tl.o",,ilcontidr's,,'°e.,eededto say that. the subject he was about
ht °ably e °I was of so extensive a character that it would
pr saidoatend over several lectures. The Arctic regions,
nsisted of an immense circle round the North
er the
kuln_ months range of which. the sun circled during
these r .er without setting. His experience of
.411tai,egni°11s extended over a period of eight years, while
iLititrtrleou_coresby in charge of an expedition connected
"oYal Navy.was He then directed their attention to
Otefetrnils between the island of Spitzbergen. and the
,1t coast of Greenland, which generally consisted of. a
Atil. ice, from fifteen to twenty degrees of longitude in
ote,,qitzbergen had been so named by the Dutch,.to
".ne curious arrangement of cliffs upon cliffs, with
,lt, abounded. The lecturer then alluded to the
411.4
~Trit!nornena visible in these regions, both beautiful
1
tlular. Often at midnight, he said, with the sun
sg
p,..,171 unclouded brilliancy over an apparently bound-
pptf-a:,cent of snow and ice, relieved hi places by a strong
of brown rock the seene was most sublime.
bt-tbil.e-rness ofvthe atmosphere often led inexperienced
~,"qiu•L`t's into the most ludicrous mistakes as to their
"Ypto land for often, when in reality thirty or forty
eceilli!e'rnthe u....nd, they dreaded being cast ashore.
,;,,! (Dr. Scoresby) had a doctor,from Glasgow, with
`c as quite enraged that he was nnt alhlowed a
Rh to row shore and back in an hour, 'w en the
thillvas at leasttwenty miles from land. Dr. Scoresby
Niti all
to the remarkable abundance of animal life
to, 4,1 n those regions, from which sustenance to man
~,Y4e Procured. The dangers of the whale fishery, and
Nrl4bc":l_,eB of capturing and taming polar bears, were
dotes -"Vti and graphically illustrated with personal anec-
,t)f the rev. lecturer and his father. At the latitude
1'51'41°14 80 deg. to 81 deg. the ice turned round and
„lid an impassable barrier ; and there was no instance
Llkie?..BlliP having sailed beyond that point, except.
zit ni which he, while a youth, reached so far north:as
17r4ebgrees• It' was a remarkable circumstance, Dr.
l 3" observed that once. in Paris, he was introduced
sl'4tfevi eltrago to ihe French gentleman who had pene-
Poh thi,"4 iourther south tl. .
ccasion he (Dr. Scorn.
Shpt),,,7 pole was very glad to mah,
tryte• Stranger still, the
1'4114 time Baron Humboldt, wl
attain of elevation on a mor
apd *l,a greater height tha
Friesselay, the
he ,;,:a.p.td the globe. 7
i,'lrtririoulty of the hum
.;‘,t444 , f cold, that A,
'Bdße Y 8 expedition, b
, and ate, drank.
Of

tern, a tempt
- snow athicl
a temperature w t
that it was the moral en
tiallarled Men to live in such
tAnraace was more stron
)3,44‘ed intellect and civilise!
ilorke of Franklin's earl
feted
to the climate
IttetPartY• Dr. Scoresby be
thj.4 by Dr. Rae did not ei
th,,'" Inany of the party were
„s._ mounts of the findin
0 117111imaux to be correct, 1
had fallen der the f
tq:le, than that they hac
'0 war sta ation vl
%Witt 4Ory ' t
tf,,... not closeff the sublec
'tltnd. —..-

,ffords a

a state of

was a balance of

Sal ford, &c

pool DT
Mount

acquaintance of the
.e also present at the
reached the highest
the man who had
ae else in a balloon,

to have cir

,nst,ance (

,in an extrem
onneeted wit]
0 miles in

And this power.

Len of cul
fof whic
ie India

white men

ztave-qe with which I
1,4 anent, and the stir
41e1Dating the whet
teliell.band. In conel,
44: In the aanctifyini
tar, sach expeditioi
teci4„,wa! nloved by thE
titv,"`atlon• The le ti
ation•
cliagr4DlB.

)T'S HEY

—The nett loss will not

)wing to the meeting of the

weekly meeting of this com-

AMONGST THE PATENTS sealed last week, is one to Mr.
James Hodgson, of Sweeting-street, Liverpool, for improve-
ments in the construction of iron vessels.
EVANGELICAL ALLIANCE—A meeting of the Liver-
mch was held on Wednesday, at the Medical-hall,
,pleasant. Dr. Raines in the chair.

BELLS of St. Peter's Church were rung on Thurs-

day, on the occasion of electing the new Mayor.
THURSDAY was the thirteenth anniversary of the birth
of the Prince of Wales, and in honour of the occasion the
flag was hoisted on the Town-hall and at other public
places.
THE JUDGE of the High Court of Admiralty of Eng-
land has appointed Mr. John Clare, of Liverpool, solicitor
and notary, to be a commissioner to administer oaths in
adm
CA.PTA.

ai.2( CAMPBELL is rapidly recovering from his
wounds, and, although urged to come home on sick leave,
he refuses- 1.--* resolved to join his regiment im-
mediately

BEQUEST TO ST. ANDREW'S SCHOOLS.—The late Sir
John Gladstone having left some money for distribution,
at the discretion of his four sons, the executors of his will
have presented £5O to the St. Andrew's Schools, of which
Sir John was the patron and founder 37 years ago.
CAPTAIN NYE.—The passengers on the last outward
voyage of the Collins steam-ship Pacific presented Capt.
Nye with a flattering testimonial previous to landing at
New York, in which they alluded particularly to the care
and vigilance exercised in the navigation of the vessel.

DouGLAs.—There was a run upon the Bank of Mona,
Douglas, Isle of Man, last week, originated by a pedlar,
who went into the country districts and announced that,
although the bank had stopped payment, he would take
the £1 notes at a discount of 2s. each.

FIRE IN BROUGHTON, MANCHESTER.—On Friday
night week, the Broughton print and dye works were dis-
covered to be on fire. Through the indefatigable exer-
tions of the firemen, the three lower storeys were saved,
but the top and the roof were destroyed. The damage is

covered by insurance.
NEW PRINCIPLE IN NAVAL INSITRANCE.—A notice is
posted in the Underwriters'-rooms, emanating from the
various insurance companies of Grovingla, in which it is
declared, that in future, with a view of preventing fraud,
(in wilfully losing a ship, &c.) they will not insure a vessel
beyond seven-eighths of her value, as estimated in the

policy.
THE STEAMER CITY OF GLIsGow.—A correspondent
of the Mail at Cambelton states that, on Saturday last,
while a herd boy was walking along the shore at Balloch-
gair, be picked up a portion of the bow of a vessel, which
bears every mark of having belonged to the ill-fated steamer.
It has on it, in large gilded characters, not much defaced,
" City of Glasgow," and in the corner ." Let Glasgow
flourish."

ACCIDENT TO THE PERSIA STEAMER.—The Persia
steamer, of this port, was run into, soon after leaving
Constantinople for England, by a French steamer (the
Ganges), and her larboard side cut down to within six
inches of the water mark. At the time, there were two
persons in their berths, one over the other. The one in
the upper berth was killed. His fellow-passenger had a
very narrow escape ; he was literally obliged to be cut out
of his berth, for the force of the blow jammed the plates
of iron composing the side of the vessel so close that it
was impossible for him to stir. The damage done to the
Persia is at least £l,OOO. The captain was obliged to put
back to Constantinople, in order to get the damage

repaired.
THE Ray. Ma. RICHMOND ON THE WAR.—On Tues-
day, a lecture was delivered in the Collegiate Institution,
on the subject of the war in the East, by the Rev. Mr.
Richmond. The lecturer touched on a hundred theories
—from the personal appearance of the Czar to the cos-
tume of the Eastern peasant—with a discursiveness quite
bewildering, though by no means disagreeable. Mr.
Richmond delivered a second lecture on Wednesday.

WEST DERBY GUARDIANS.—The weekly meeting was
on Wednesday. Mr. J. Harrison in the chair. It was held
reported that there were 576 paupers in the Workhouse,
against 659 the previous week, showing a decrease of 83.
The chairman stated that the governor had not made an
official report of the fire which broke out on the Friday
night, that the premises were insured for £lOO, that the
total loss was estimated at £129, which included the
clothes, &c., which were not insured, and that the fire
was supposed to have arisen from some neglect on the
part of the stoker to the engine. A vote of thanks was
given to the police, the fire brigade, the servants in the
Workhouse, and the neighbours, for their services in ex-
tinguishing the fire. Mr. Shaw called attention to the
supply of water in the house in case of another fire ; and,
after some conversation, the clerk was directed to inquire
what the Corporation of Liverpool would charge to supply
the Workhouse with the necessary supply of water for all
purposes. A padded room was ordered to be provided for
the reception of lunatic paupers, previous to their being
sent to the Asylum. Mr. Crawley was appointed master
of the Hospital for one month, in the place of Mr. Ballman,
suspended.
LAND IN AUSTRALIA. In the early days of South
Australia the land put up for sale was sold at 12s. the acre ;
and by the then rules the purchaser of a town lot was
entitled to an acre in some suburban allotment. One of
the purchasers of such a brace of acres held his land for a
year or two, when he sold it for £4OO. After a few years
this purchaser sold his country section for £5OO, and with-
in a few more years the town acre for £2,000. This last
was resold after a lapse of three or four years, for £B,OOO.
Not long since three-fourths of this acre have beendisposed
of for £lB,OOO, and the remaining one-fourth is now about
to change hands at the rate of £32,000 the acre. This
land, though in the best situation in Adelaide, has not yet
been built on.

THE VESTRY AND THE GENERAL BOARD OE HEALTH.
—lt is said that a letter has been received from the
general board of health, censuring, in the strongest terms,
the medical relief committee of the vestry for disregarding
the suggestions of Dr. Duncan, in reference to the cholera
epidemic ; that, although this communication was received
three weeks ago, it has not yet been made public, the
delay being, if any reliance can be placed on current ru-
mours, to enable the chairman of the committee to pre-
pare a reply. In connexion with this subject a special
meeting has been convened for to-day.
EVEBTON.—It is said that the overseers of Everton do
not intend to lay a poor rate for the ensuing year, and that
there is a great probability of the rates of the township
being much lower in succeeding years than they have been
for a considerable time back. The late revelations of tke
laxity of the collector have shown that the arrears of the
poor rate amount to a very large sum, and the present
overseers are now using every exertion to have those
arrears collected, which will enable them to meet their
calls without resorting to a rate for the ensuing ear, as
already stated. . .

PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY.—The members held their
monthly meeting at the Royal Institution, on Tuesday,
when Mr. Corey presided. The chairman said it had been
resolved to make the photographic exhibition permanent.
He also stated that, amongst other complimentary atten-
tions the society had received, was one from the Abb6
Moigno, who had sent every week a French publication,
in one of the numbers of which he made honourable
mention of the Liverpool publication. After some conver-
sation respecting the mode of taking instantaneous views
of objects in motion, Mr. Lee said, in one picture which he
took of St. George's-hall, about 15,000 people were dis-
tinctly represented. Mr. Berry read a paper explanatory
of Mr. Maxwell Lyte's instantaneous process. Mr. Sheri-
dan circulated about the room a large number of photo-
graphic pictures, which were allowed to be the finest
specimens ever submitted to the society. Mr. Sheridan
also exhibited a most interesting series of pictures, showing
the various tints obtained by the use of the different
chlorides, and also the changes which took place in the
fixing bath ; and likewise some positive prints from collo-
dion negatives, by Mr. Keith, of Castle-street. After
some discussion the meeting dispersed.

WRECK Or THE FORERUNNER, AFRICAN MAIL CON-
TRACT STEAMER.—The melancholy loss of the Forerunner
screw-steamer and fourteen of her passengers and crew,
was announced on Wednesday. The wreck was described
to have taken place off Lorenzo Point, Madeira, some short
time after the vessel had left the island for England, the
last American mail packet having been spoken with, and
the intelligence communicated. On Friday the loss was
confirmed by the following letter from Captain Halstead,
the secretary at Lloyd's, which had been forwarded by
the British Minister at Lisbon, who had received it from
the English Consul at Madeira :—" Madeira, Oct. 28. I
just write a line to tell you of the total loss of African
contract steam-packet Forerunner, on the evening of the
25th inst., on a sunken rock close to the shore, at the ex-
treme east point of this island, about two hours after she
left this port for England. The mails, cargo, and all the
erects of the crew and passengers were lost ; eleven of the
crew of thirty-four and three of the thirteen passengers
who were on board were drowned. Those saved will go
home in the Brazil packet. Among them are the follow-
ing :—The Governor of Sierra-Leone, Lieutenant Beding-
field, R.N.,late of Her Majesty's ship Pluto, Mr. Evans,
clerk of ie works at Sierra-Leone, Mr. Kinell, school-
master, from Cape Coast Castle, two shipmasters, Mr.
Gregory, Mr. Bennett, and Mr. Crosky, merchants of
Lagos, Mr. Mitchell, an engineer, late of the Dover
steamer, and a child three years old, daughter of the late
Captain Inglish, of the 3rd West India Regiment. The
mother of the child, with Lieutenant Child, of the Gold
Coast Corps, and Mr. Virtes, merchant, Sierra-Leone,
were drowned. The captain was saved, but two mates
were lost. The Forerunner had a very valuable cargo on
board." The Forerunner was the property of the African
Steamship Company, who litvie the Government contract
for the African mail service. She was the first steamer
which the company had built, was 400 tons burden, and
had been highly successful in her passages. She was on
a return voyage from Fernando Po, Cape Coast Castle,
Sierra-Leone, &c., when she met with her disaster. The
ship, it is reported, is fully insured.
EXPLOSIONS AT FIRES.—On Friday evening, Dr. Brett
delivered a lecture before the Chemists' Association, in
the Royal Institution, on the subjects of " Combustion
and Explosion, with special reference to tl
at Newcastle, and the danger of a simile,
occurring, in case of fire, wherever goods of a (
tain class are stored in the same building with sulphur
turpentine, or other combustible substances." The
lecture was illustrated by numerous experiments. D
Brett, in the course of his lecture, stat
vestigated the theories which had
S the recent lamentable
He also particularise(
in the cases referrl
id, that a goods-st
=entity of sulphur

Newcastle

a late fire

.xplosior

lined a larg

that he had in-
duced in expla-
of accidents at
ides which had
to. It was admitted,
below ground con-
nd of nitrate of soda,

luting to several tons in weight. The
Ir. Taylor accounted for the explosions
'exulted. from a gradual accumulation of
the fusion of the articles named ; but he
Brett) was of opinion that the explosions must have
the result of a detonating compound accidentally
ed, all 0,,e elements for the formation of such a core-
d being present. It was, he said, a dangerous thing
treb'ouse in the same building, or in -close proximity
Db. other, substances such as nitrate of potash, sulphur,
carbonate of potash or pearl ash, and sulphur. Some
•ersation followed the lecture, in the course of which
ral members expressed their opinions ; and, at the
vote of thanks was awarded to Dr, Brett,