The Statesman.
London, England, 1818-09-02 00:00:00

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LONDON MAltrEtS, Tun.. 1.
WEST INDIA AND SPANISH MAIN PRODUCE.
Covert —Several public sales hare been brought
forward since our last, at which prices .haw!
consi-
derately fluctuated, those on Wednesday having golly
very dull at Bq. to 10s. per cwt. lower prices than
were obtained on Tuesday ; bot on Thursday th.•
demand revived, and prices recovered from 05..t0 7s.
per cwt. •,
B. P. SUGAR% were In brisk viormlartl in ,the earl)
npait. of the week, and the sales flprted *ere at
higher prices; since then the market has been doll,
and the prices then offered are-naw•readily accepted.
COCOA.—A parcel good Airline& Cocoa sold Si
auction Oil Thu rsdaY lesr from 1124.10 11611. per cwt.
and a parcel common Red West India withoist certi-
ficate sold at 85g.
DYEWOODS.— Log w nod has continued in demand,
and Canspearby in bond would now losing 91. I.
per ton. Cargo Jimaica is saleable-et 81. 155., and
shipping wood at 91. Fustic has been in good re-
quest at advanced prices. •
Rusts have bees. in steady demand.
PIMENTO.—A large quantity was brought to pub-
lic sale last week, and nearly all sold at from 101 d.
tp 104 d. Pr, 11). . •..
NORTH ft%IF.RICAN PROMICE.
CAROLINA Race in bond has %been sold at 50s.
duty free, 545. per cwt. East Ladle dull.
ToIiACCO continues steady's-kb • lavas variation in
pr •
ROUGH TURPENTINE --The cargo which arrivid
1/141 week remairts.urrtiold, thefholJers are asking 18s.
per cwt.

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GIKTY

[tame A coiteueoeritarr.l
The Meeting was necessarily less net
.oitled than iu former years, tossing to tin
,est. Upwards of 50 Gentlemen dined
•tary Thursday, and more then 300 w
.ident CM the following day. The Seim(
.er appeared in better order. The cattl
.ere particutirly admired, and, as we
mere was great competition fro thou.
...td„ The Stewards for the ensuing y,
Young, Esq. of Youngfield, the Rev. J
and Joseph Saul, Esq.
The following eve the heads of the President'
4peech on the distribution of the Premiums given It
the Itistitutiont on Friday; the 21st of Augus
1818 :
The PitrgioENT with great animation .congratulated
the Society on the generally improved state of thr'
country since the IRO Meeting: that egricultor
manufactures; and commerce, were ite a more pr
sperous condition than during the preceding tvi
years, was undeetneilly true—but whether they wet
likely in be permanently so, was a question of int
nice importance to every individual in the empire.—
All that energy end ability can effect will not
wanting on the part of the People. lrhat Great Lit
lain possessed knowledge and capital beyond a
other nations would not he questioned ; but as
counterpoise, she was burdened with taxation doubt
in am, tint to that of any other civilised State in Et',
rope. The aggregate of Government taxes, dividet
among the *hole population, esceeds 4t. per head
yearly ; the consequence of hid: is, that the neces•
,caries of life here are higher in pace that, in any ter-
ritory no the Continent. Many attributed the na-
finite' improvement to the discontinuance of the Pro-
perty Tan, the War Tax on Malt, and a mitigation
of the Tax :tit Agricultural Iltoses ; little attention,
however, is reqoifite to perceive, that this is not the
caSp—f,,r the present amount of the taxes, compared
with the present actual eggregate iticnme id the coun.
try, is nearly as possible toe seine. During the war
the income of the country was estimated at
I -110;000.0001. the taxes at otte-fifth is 80,000,0001.
sterling. the depreciation In the value of all kinde
! of property, which followed the coriclosinn of the
war, struck elf one quarter part of the income of
'the People, while the reduction in labour, that great
source of the wealth,' of nations, fell item 180 to 1410
millions—the land and the growth' commerce of thei
country fell about 40 millions more—striking off at
once 100 millions, and thus the proportiou which the
ireduced taxation bore to income was the mime; Thei
influence of the voice iii. the People on Parliament
iabolioed the Property 'fan ; but had it failed;
that oppressive tax could not iu future have been
I collected.
'flint the agriculture, the manufactures, and Com:
: merce of the couutry have revived, there t.an be aid
i question ; but an important one rests behind. Hag
prosperity generally diffused itself through all ranks
and orders? Does the price of labour bear a due
proportion in value to that at which the necessariel
of life are held up ? Certainly not. And yet en
increase in the labourers' wages cannot, it is much to
be apprehended, take place, without bringing on the
;country, on the great body of the People, greater
and more grievous sufferings than they at prenent
endure. One-third of 13:itish manufactures goes to
the supply of Foreign Swett, which must depend
solely and entirely on the cheapness of labour, the
only means by which we are enabled to compete with
other countries. Advance the labour, end the looms
will cease to work ! Can any country be said to be
in a state of 4prosperity when the labouring classes
are in a state of sullerence ? The intelligence, exer-
tions, and capital of the country, are capable of
doing touch ; but they cannot effect impossibilities ;
they wilt have their operative influence with the agri-
culturist, the manufacturer, the merchant, and me-
chamic, in facilitating the general prosperity, but
they cannot immediately improve the condition of the
labouring classes. A reduction in the expenditure •
of Coverhment, which would progressively reduce
the present enormous testifiers), can alone restore the
empire to a sound state. The difficulties are great,
but ate not physical impossibilities—they must be
met, opposed, and vanquished. The voice of the
People is competent to the task—they must he heard
and respected. Many, very many are the blessings
of our inimitable Constitution -there is no one un-
der the sun comparable to it—but grievous and ins
supportable is tire weight of the public burdens.—
The temperate, yet firm, demands of tne People, can
alone resttairs that system of wasteful extravagance
which has inflicted such general suffering. The tree
barometer of national prosperity exists not in the
splendour of palaces, trot tall its pIbefIOWIIII mere
ascertain the happiness of the lower, or the pro-
sperity of the middle ranks. A few may lie in easy
affluence, but the many are enduring the greatest
;ravenous.
The President took an occasion to say, that he felt
it au imperious duty to advert to what he conceived
to be the real state of the country. The danger
exists nut it. exhibiting the actual condition of the
empire, but in being deceived by fallacious repute
sentations aud delusive hope,—it is certainly more
agreeable to flatter by partial statements, than to
ruing under review general, though disagreeable truths.
Disclaiming:all advocacy of party, or any unfrieude
Aires. to the present conductors of public affairs, it
eres the system which the Pre.ident reprobated—a
system which all Ministers, be they whom they may,
*ere compelled to have recourse to, aud must so go.
wore their conduct whilst the Repttseeiation of the
reepie 'eosins as it is at present. This impute
source, whence most of the political evils flow, mutt
ever be deplored by ell good men Initiator a just sense
of their own Inialietiable tights. Certain it is, that
no permauent advantage can accrue to the country
till the origin of all our political evils be dispassionate-
ly considered and wisely done away.
This hasty review of the situation of the country
(she President observed) became necessary fur the
purpose of banging under consideration a point inti-
mately connected with the object of this Institution.
It is important to deliberate and reflect on the
causes that operated so sudden, so 'eighty, so over-
whelming a change in the general state of egticui.
tore. It has been contended that too gteat a capital
I had bent employed iu husbandry—that our proc:uc.

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Fear are
ohu Ben.on, •
e President's
ums given by
of August,
.congratulated •
I .(rte of the
t agriculture,
ti r
s a caorP pro. .
peceiling tin t
tier they were • ,t:
eation of Intl-
the empire.—
.t will not be
'hat Great Bri:
al beyond all . - r
ti
nett ; bat as I
▪ itstion double
td State in Eu.
Lases, divided