The Liverpool Standard, and General Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-07-25 00:00:00

Aigrmith Hote

TOXTETH-PARS.—At the meeting for the election of
commissioners for the township, held on Friday, at the
Public-office, Park-place, the following gentlemen, who

were retiring by rotation were re-elected :—Messrs. Thos.
Avison, Andrew Browne, Thomas Tippin, and William
Ibison. Mr. Samuel Siddeley was elected a commissioner
in the place of W. Peacop, deceased. Mr. Gregson was
appointed chairman of the board.
THE SAILMAKERS' STRIKE.—In consequence of the
master sailmakers of this port persisting in their determi-
tion to bind more apprentices than they have hitherto
men still remain out on strike. On
a meeting of the master sailmakers,
n-rooms,A deputation was appointed

Wednesday last,

le Clare

to proceed to the outports, and endeavour to in-duce the
sailmakers at those ports to accept employment in this
town upon the same terms as were paid to the Liverpool
journeymen. No further steps have since been taken.
THE. BOY SHOT AT AINTEEE.-011 Tuesday, the
coroner held an inquest on the body of Miles Greenbank,
the boy shot at a rifle practice ground at Aintree course.
It appeared that not less than ten targets had been reck-
lessly pitched on the open course. with nothing but a
slight boarding behind each to receive the bullets, and
that the deceased was shot as he was passing between two
of these. The jury after a few minutes' consultation,
returned a verdict of " Manslaughter by some person
unknown."
THE San. HENRY MOORE.—By the accounts just
received from Melbourne, we learn that the new iron ship
Henry Moore, 1,223 tons register, arrived there in 81
days from the Clyde. This vessel is the property of
Messrs. Henry Moore and Co., of this town. She sailed
from Greenock on the 3rd of February, under the com-
mand of Captain M`Dougal, with a general cargo of 2,100
tons weight and measurement,—the largest, we believe,
ever taken out of the Clyde in one ship, and which made
her draught of water 21i feet. The Henry Moore experi-
enced a week's heavy weather going down channel,and was
off the Land's End on the 10th of Feb., running thence to
the equator in 15 days. From the meridian of the Cape
to Melbourne she occupied 24 days, an extraordinary

performance.
HEALTH COMMITTEIL—At the weekly meeting on
Thursday, Mr. T. Haigh attended to submit plans for an
alteration in the outline of the new borough bank, Water-
street. It was understood that an inquiry would be made
before the committee came to a decision.—A conversation
followed relative to the power of the committee to inter-
fere in cases where cholera existed on board the emigrant
ships. It was thought that some more stringent regula-
tion should be adopted in such cases.—The Town-clerk
called attention to a bill before parliament, in which it
was suggested that an amendment be made giving the
authorities certain powers in a case similar to that of the
ship Dirigo. A communication was now being made with
the Town-clerk on the subject.—A report was submitted
by the borough engineer recommending a plan for renum-
bering the houses in many parts of the town, rendered
necessary in consequence of the alterations in premises
and the erection of new buildings. The mode suggested
is to mark the old numbers black and the new ones in red,
adopting the use of the letters AB c. The report was
adopted.—After some matters of routine business had
been disposed of, the meeting broke up.
Dock COMMITTEE.—The weekly meeting was held on
Thursday, Mr. Charles Turner in the chair.—Before the
proceedings commenced, Mr. James Holme gave some
explanations as to what passed last week respecting the
plans of the new north works.—The Committee of Works
recommended that the tender of Messrs. Jones and Jump
to erect the offices of the Stanley Dock warehouses, for a
sum of £BB7, be accepted. The work to be completed by
the Ist of November.—The tender of Mr. Joseph Walker
to supply mill sheet lead, of slbs. to the foot, at 235. 9d.
per cwt., was also accepted.—The tender of Messrs. Thos.
Parsons and Co., to supply 12 feet turn-tables for the
Stanley Dock warehouses, at £65 each, was accepted.—
The surveyor reported upon the fire which had taken
place in the dockyard. The result was as follows:—The
whole of

s, shed, and joiners' shop over it had
been consumed, to which building only the fire had been
confined. In the former a pair of 70 feet gates, completed,
had been mainly destroyed, together with six landing
stages in a state of preparation ; in the latter a quantity
of valuable patterns, together with all the joiners' tools.
How the fire had originated they had not been able to
arrive at a satisfactory conclusion, and if an immediate
supply of water could have been obtained but little damage
would have been sustained. The report, in conclusion,
praised the efforts of the firemen, and stated the damage
at £2,7oo—value of the gates £1,500, landing stages, £6O,
patterns, &c., £lOO, carpenters' tools, &c., £240, and
building £BOO. The building was insured.—Mr. Tobin
asked did the loss amount to £2,700 exclusive of the in-
surance ? The Chairman : No ; after deducting the in-
surance the loss is £1,900. The yard was insured for
£5,000, but those identical buildings were only insured
for £Bo4l—After some remarks respecting the insurance
of the building and works, the subject was referred
to the Committee of Works for their report.—After a
conversation respecting the conduct of the fire-police on
the occasion, which was highly praised, the secretary was
directed to communicate with the Watch Committee, and
place £25 at the disposal of that body, for distribution
among the fire-police.—The contract for iron pillars was
again the subject of some conversation, but the matter
was ultimately left to the Works Committee.—The Sub-
committee of the Marine Department recommended that
the sum of £B4 be paid for the experiments in connection
with the electric light.—Messrs. Allen and Gillespie ap-
plied for a berth in the Coburg Dock for their new line of
Canadian steamers, the first of which was expected here
early next month. A similar application was made by
Bahr and Co., for a berth in the same dock for their
Spanish screw steamers. Referred.—A communication
was read from Mr. Joseph Butler on the subject of afford-
ing accommodation for landing fish at the George's Basin,
and stating he had a model prepared. Referred to the
Harbour Masters' Committee. A resolution of the
Finance Committee of the Town Council was read, autho-
rising the treasurer to pay a sum of £1,279 for the erec-
tion of the wall at the Prince's Dock in connexion with
the new landing stage. In reply to a question, the Sur-
veyor said this wall was now contracted for.—A commu-
nication was read from Mr. Joseph Boult, Chairman of
the Excursion Sub-committee of the British Association,
asking what facilities the committee would afford for the
inspection of the docks, warehouses, North-end works, &c.
The Chairman said there could be no objection to give
free admission to every member of the association. The
general business then terminated.

HEALTH OF THE TOWN.—The medical officer reports
that the health of the town continued in a satisfactory
State, the deaths last week being only 207—a smaller
number than in any week of the previous eight months,
and 14 less than the corrected average of the same week
of the six preceding years, excluding the cholera of 1849.
The fatal cases of zymotic diseases were 73, being one
fewer than in the previous week. 16 were from diarrhoea,
the average of the same week of former years being 19 ;
12 were from hooping cough, 7 from typhus, 7 from scar-
latina, 3 from small-pox (one after vaccination), and 2
from cholera. Measles show symptoms of a decline, the
deaths having last week fallen to 18, a lower mortality
than in any week of the preceding three months. Diseases
of the lungs caused 50 deaths, of which 27 were from con-
sumption. During the quarter ending the Ist instant,
3,182 deaths were registered in the borough, including
152 on which inquests were held. This shows a decrease
of 72 on the previous quarter, but an increase of 210 over
the same quarter of the six preceding years. From
zymotic diseases 886 deaths were recorded, against an
average of 772, the excess having been caused by the
unusual prevalence of measles, which was fatal in 374
cases—a greater quarterly mortality than has previously
been recorded. In no other disease of this class was the
mortality above the average, excepting cholera, which
caused 41 deaths during the quarter, more than half of
these having been among emigrants, and two-thirds of
them in the first month of the quarter. There were only
88 deaths from typhus, 99 from diarrhoea, 122 from hoop-
ing-cough, 32 from scarlatina (less than for four years
previously), and 26 from small-pox. This last, small as
the number is, is larger than in any of the previous nine
quarters. From diseases of the lungs 886 deaths were
registered.
WEST DERBY GUARDIA-NIL—At the weekly board on
Wednesday, Mr. H. Edwards presided, and there were
also present—Messrs. Ledger, Smith, Whitby, G. Harri-
son, Kirkus, Medcalf, Heyes, Hyde, Alpass, Morris, M`Gee,
Walmsley, Abrahams, Lunt, Appleby, and Shaw. The
balance in the treasurer's hands was reported to be

£9OO 10s. 6d. The quarterly accounts of vaccination fees,
&c., were passed. It was resolved that the several medical
officers of the union be invested with authority to order
the admission of all persons afflicted with cholera, and
whom they may be required' to attend, into the union
hospital. Proceedings were ordered to be taken before the
magistrates against the overseers of the poor of the town-
ship of Kirkdale for non-payment of the first instalment
of their contributions. It was agreed that the horse and
van kept at the workhouse, if not wanted for interments,
should be sent to the public-offices in Toxteth-park at one
o'clock on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, for the use
of the relieving-officers of that district. The resolution
prohibiting additions being made to the committees was
rescinded. In conformity with this, Messrs. Smith, Sid-
deley, Whitby, Ledger, and M`Gee were added to the hos-
pital committee, and Messrs. Abrahams, Appleby, Ledger,
and Whitby to the visiting committee ; and it was agreed
that these committees should meet every alternate Friday.
It was resolved, that in consequence of the increase of
rateable value of property in the townships of Great
Crosby and Litherland, the new assistant overseer should
have his salary advanced from £B5 to £lO5 per annum, to
commence with the current quarter. Mr. Wm. Henry
Lynass was appointed assistant overseer for the townships
of Little Crosby and Ince Blundell, at a salary of £2O per
num. The number of inmates in the hospital was re-
-1 in the workhouse, 584, against 617

ported to be 50 ;
same period of 1

GENERAL

INTELLIGEIVCE

SOLDIER SROT FOR. DESERTION. The Kingston
Herald states that a soldier of the 26th Regiment was
shot for desertion on Monday, the 18th of June, at the
garrison of Fort Henry. It is added that the general
commanding in chief signified to the troops in Canada
hic Ap+orrnirml-inn fn rarrcr Anf ar+;r4c.o

cases most rigidly.
NEW JUDEA.—A rumour is afloat that the land of
Palestine has been mortgaged by the Sultan to the house
of Rothschild, for a loan to aid in the Turkish war.
Among other things it is hinted that it is possible it will
be set apart as a Jewish kingdom under the dynasty of
the Rothschilds.—Philtterelphia paper.
THE LARGEST PICTURE on glass executed in modern
times has just been terminated at Munich. It is to cover
a window in the Church of Ste. Catherine, at Hamburg,
45 feet high, and 144 wide. It has been painted by M.
Fernster, from designs by Overbeck, representing Our
Saviour teaching the Apostles to pray. The superb work
has been executed at the cost of M. Vorbeck, of Hamburg.
THE TuscAN MINISTER of the Interior has directed
the civil authorities throughout the Grand Duchy to
endeavour to convince the lower classes that the vine-
disease is not attributable to the smoke issuing from
locomotives, as some ignorant or evil-disposed persons
have induced them to believe.

THE :STIEITIA.—It would appear from the official state-
ment that the 'total strength of the militia for the year
1854-5 is to be 124,074 officers and meu, including the
Irish and Scotch militias, both of which forces are to be
called out. The charge for the year 1854-5 to defray the

cost of raising the additional numbers, and the mainte-
nance of this body, will be £998,000. The strength of
the militia during the year 1853-4 was 91,812 men, and
the charge £478,740.

PROTECTION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN FISHERIES.—
The British will have quite a force on the fishing grounds
this season for the protection of the fisheries, viz. :—Brig
Daring, 12 guns, Commander Napier ; steamer Buzzard,
6, Commander Dobie ; Canadian steamer Doris, 2; govern-
ment schooner Daring, 2 ; and two hired schooners, the
Alice Rogers and the Sarah Adeline, of two guns each.
The Nova Scotia government advertises for another
schooner.—Boston Post.

A WILLow-DocE is being built at LaCrosse, Michigan.
It is constructed entirely of willow twigs, about twelve
feet long, bound in bundles one foot thick, which are so
ingeniously arranged and woven together, that it is im-
possible for the sand to work out or the water to work in.
Each bundle contains about one hundred small trees, and
it will take about fifty thousand of these bundles to com-
plete the work. It is said the willows will sprout and
grow, rooting firmly together, thereby forming a living
superstructure which will last for ages without the least
tendency to decay. Docks like these occur very frequently
on the banks of the Rhine in Germany.

APPROA.CIIING MARRIAGES IN I;OW LIFE.—On dit
that the only son and heir of a distinguished bill-sticker,
who has been much before the public of late, is about to
lead to the hymeneal altar the only daughter of a chim-
ney-sweep, occupying a high position in the Lawn-
market. It is also rumoured in certain circles that an
alliance is on the lapis between two exalted families
whose contiguous manorial possessions overlook the
Mound. The fair fiancee was the belle of last season,
and the noble bridegroom, who is connected with some of
the highest houses in the Cow-gate, has already earned
distinction in the field (having been twice convicted of
assault while serving as a navvie on the Bathgate Rail-
way).—Edinburgh Guardian.

A'PROUD DISTINCTION.—The British Army Despatch
informs us of the reason of the light company of the 40th
Regiment wearing a red instead of a green ball in their
shako :—" In the year 1777, in the American war, where
the 46th Regiment served, their light company formed
part of a body of troops that were detached under Major-
General Grey, to surprise a body of Americans 1,500
strong. The attack was so successful that 300 of the
enemy were killed, and a large number of prisoners and
the greater part of the arms and baggage fell into the
hands of the English. The Americans vowed vengeance
for the above attack, declaring they would give no quarter.
Upon this, the light battalion dyed their feathers red,
assigning as their reason that they did it to prevent any
one not engaged in that affair suffering for them, and so
carried the distinction which they still enjoy, and are
justly proud of."
THE INDIAN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. The electric
telegraph system is winging its way, not over Europe
only, but that of the whole world, Lord Palmerston may
shortly boast that his jocular prediction is fulfilled—that
if the minister were asked whether war had broken out
in India, he might answer, "Wait a minute ; I will
telegraph the Governor-General, and ascertain." We
have now to announce that 2,000 miles of the Calcutta,
Bombay, and Madras wires are in operation, and another
1,000 miles will be shortly completed. The magnitude of
this undertaking may be imagined, when it is stated that
a ton of Morewood and Roger's Patent Galvanised Wire
is required for each mile. The whole distance would have
been completed ere this had not the substitution of longer
bamboo poles than first intended been found necessary to
permit the elephants to pass beneath the wires.
AN UNFORTUNATE WIFE.—In the case of a labourer
sentenced at a London Police-court to six months' hard
labour for stealing some fowls and corn, the following
letter has been addressed by the prisoner's wife to the
committing magistrate :—" 16, Orchard-street. I hum-
bly beg your worship's pardon, but this being the fourth
time my husband, Parrott, has been brought here, I can
assure 'your worship I speak the truth in saying he is
constantly stealing things and bringing them home ; and
I dare not, in danger of my life, say a word, as he has
often threatened he will run a knife in me, telling me he
will bring home what he likes, as in this case. I saw him
bring three fowls at different times (the last was a white
one, with eggs) in his coat pocket, and did so two or
three times every day while working at Mr. Gilbert's,
after eleven, that being the time he told me Mr. Gilbert
left for town. He cannot deny it if he speaks the truth;
but that I am sorry to say is not in him ; and what is
most sad to my feelings is, that he would take my dear
boy with him to witness his stealing; and that after
leaving prison he begins again, with anything that comes
in his reach. I can assure your worship it is not the im-
pulse of a moment's reflection that I write, but for years
my prayers have been that Providence would detect him ;
and 1 trust he will meet with what he justly deserves.—
Your humble servant, C. PARROTT."

NEW FEATURES IN SHIPBUILDING.—A vessel. called
the Storm Cloud was launched lately on the Clyde, by
Messrs. Stevens and Sons, the keel of which turns up-
wards at both extremities, so that the stem appears to
commence about forty feet in from the perpendicular
forward, whilst the keel of the rudder is at least three
feet above the position usually assigned to it in a vessel
with a straight keel. The reason for this important
departure from all use and wont is to enable the ship to
turn and tack with extraordinary facility and prompti-
tude. The greatest breadth of the beam is several feet
abaft of the mainmast, and the vessel is so sharp forward
that if a straight line were continued from the stem to
the swelling bow, it would form an angle of only 11f
degrees with the line of the keel ; and as the bow is con-
cave, even this small angle is greater in point of fact than
is presented by the Storm Cloud when she cleaves the
water. Another peculiarity in the build of the Storm
Cloud is, that her quarters are placed considerably higher
up than usual, so that the run aft is about as fine as the
entrance forward. In fact, her quarters will rarely rest
on or even dip in the water, in this respect resembling
some yachts, and presenting a contrast to most men of
war, whose haunches droop almost sheer down below the
water-line. In order to have ample accommodation for
passengers, the poop is carried further onward than
usual ; but the deck is entirely clear, there being no deck
houses of any kind. Although measuring 1,112 tons,
and carrying more, the Storm Cloud does not loom to the
eye larger than a ship of half her tonnnge ; and 600
would be put down as the outside of her register.

FREEMASONRY.— Considerable excitement has been
created in the Mauritius on account of the Romish Bishop
excommunicating the Hon. H. Leniere, for being a Free-
mason. The Bishop alleges, in justification of his conduct,
the authority of a long line of Sovereign Pontiffs who have
placed Freemasonry in the list of secret societies, the
members of which are excommunicated by the Church of
Rome. This letter raised the inquiry whether the bulls
of the Pope are executory in the island, unless they have
been recognised by the Church of Paris, from which the
Romanists of this island claim their descent. It is alleged
that the religious laws and customs of the inhabitants of
the island, preserved to them by the articles of its capi-
tulation to the British Crown, are those of the Gallican
Church ; and that, consequently, they are not bound by
any bull of the Pope that has not been sanctioned by a
Council of their own Church. The Bishop, however, main-
tains his determination to exclude the members of the
body from any of the sacraments of the Church, and even
from Christian burial. The Freemasons of the island are
very numerous, and compose the elite of the population,

A Szwarx.su CASE was heard before the :,aster of the
Rolls, on Tuesday. Amongst the passengers of the ship
Dalhousie, which was wrecked off Beechy Head last
October, were Mr. and Mrs. Underwood, and their
daughters. Mr. and Mrs. Underwood and two of their
children were swept off the deck simultaneously ; but one
of their daughters, Catherine, was lashed to a spar by a
sailor, and great interest was felt at the time as to her
ultimate fate, which was subsequently set at rest by her
lifeless body being drifted to shore still lashed to the spar.
Before embarking on this calamitous voyage Mr. Under-
wood and his wife each made a will. The husband left his
property to his wife for life, then to his children, and if the
children should die before the age of 21, then to a gentle-
man of the name of Wing, whom he named as his
executor. The wife left her property to her husband, sub-
ject to the life interest of her children, and if the husband
should die in her lifetime, then to Mr. Wing absolutely.
Under the circumstances, a Miss Elizabeth Underwood,
the representative of the daughter Catherine, contended
that Mr. Wing was only to be entitled to the property
under Mrs. Underwood's will, if Mr. Underwood survived
her, and to the property under Mr. Underwood's will if
Mrs. Underwood survived him ; and therefore inasmuch
as they perished simultaneously, he acquired no right ; but
that Miss Catherine Underwood, surviving her parents,
became entitled to the property, and through Catherine
she (the plaintiff) was entitled. From the evidence of
Joseph Read, the sailor who escaped, it appeared that—
" When the ship struck, Mr. Underwood and his wife, and
two of their three children were standing on the deck,
clasped in each other's arms, when a huge wave suddenly
broke over the part of the vessel on which they were
standing, and swept them all four off together into the
sea, and none of them were seen to rise afterwards. The
other child of Mr. and Mrs. Underwood did not seem to
have been with her father and mother at this time, and
was seen some short time after by the sailor Wad, under
the circumstances which he thus described in his evidence.
He says, ' I saw Catherine Underwood, after her father,
mother, and two brothers went down, under the following
circumstances :—Captain Butterworth sang out to me,
" For God's sake look here !" I went and looked, and
saw a young lady struggling in the water ; that young
lady was Miss Underwood. With the assistance of
another seaman, who was afterwards drowned, I got her
out of the water and lashed her to a spar, which was after-
wards cut away from the sinking vessel, and when it was
cut away, Miss Underwood was alive.' " It was urged by
medical opinion, on the part of Mr. Wing, that Mr. Under-
wood, being a strong man and a good swimmer, in all
probability survived his wife. The Master of the Rolls,
however, considering that the deaths of the unfortu-
nate pair were simultaneous, decided that the plaintiff, as
representative of the daughter, would take the property.

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL CON

AN AmEurcAN paper states that an experiment to test
the practicability of growing tea in the vicinity of Cincin-
natti is about to be tried:

THE STAHP DITTIES Bum. has been reprinted with
amendments. It provides that a check on a banker may
be negotiated above the distance of fifteen miles from the
bank, on a proper adhesive billatamp being affixed. A
clause is also added providing that unstamped documents
may be admitted in evidence in criminal proceedings.

THE ROYAL FREE HOSPIZA-L—The investigation as
to the death of the child, Alfred Richardson, was concluded
on Tuesday, when the jury returned the following verdict :
—" We find that the deceased;.Alfred Richardson, died of
inflammation, caused by an operation unskilfully per.
formed by Mr. Thomas Weed'on Cooke and Mr. Thomas
Wakley, jun. The jury finding great difficulty in coming
to a satisfactory conclusion respecting the other matters
deposed to before them, they have resolved to exercise the
discretion permitted o them. by declining to give any
opinion on them."

THE RAILWAY AND CANAL. TRAFFIC Act —The new
act for the better regulation of 'the traffic on railways and
canals, which has received the royal assent, has been
printed. It is the duty of railway companies to make
arrangements for receiving and: orwarding traffic without
unreasonable delay and without partiality: Parties com-
plaining that reasonable facilities have not been afforded
may apply, if in England, to the-Court of Common Pleas
by motion or summons. Regulations may be made by
the judges ; compensation may be made to the complain-
ing parties. The act is in force.

A DEATH FROM CHLOROFORM has taken place in the
Middlesex Hospital. James Bray, an aged labourer, had
been admitted with a cankerous leg, which it was deemed
necessary to amputate. Chloroform was given in the
presence of six or seven medical gentlemen, and the ope-
ration was about to commence-when the deceased's pulse
gave two or three throbs, and then ceased to beat. With
the hope of restoring him, galvanism and artificial resin-
ration Were applied, but without the desired effect. The
post mortem examination revealed extensive disease of
the heart.

PUBLIC INCOME AND EXPENDITURE.—By a parlia-
mentary return just issued, of the public income and
expenditure for the year ending the sth instant, together
with the balances in the Exchequer at the commencement
and termination of the year, it appears that the total
income amounted to £54,43%231 2s. ld.i. and the expen-
diture £53,380,552 10s. 3d. ; being an excess of income
over expenditure of £1,058,678' lls. 10d. The balances in
the Exchequer on the sth Ju1y,1853, were £5,112,639 5s 9d,
and on the sth July instant, £4,003,087 ls. ld.

ARRESTS A.T ST. PETERSDURG.—The Vienna Presse
states, on the authority of travellers arrived from St.
Petersburg, that more than three hundred young men,
nobles, students, and merchants„have been arrested. They
have been told that there is no charge against them, but
that their opinions were known, and that the government
was resolved to omit no salutary precaution. The govern-
ment is apprehensive of some explosion of popular dis-
content.

COMMISSION Or LUNACY.—On Monday morning a writ
de lunatico inquirendo was opened before Mr. Commis-
sioner Barlow, into the state of mind of Captain Jonathan
Childe, of the 12th Lancers. Sir Frederick Thesiger said
the case had been forced upon the public attention, hav-
ing been got up by a society called " The Alleged Lunatic
Friend Society." This society had made charges against
the father of the unfortunate subject of the present in-
quiry. It had been said that the father had confined his
son for a period of twelve years. The main ground on
which the lunacy of Captain Childe rested was, sundry
delusions entertained by him, so far back as 1839, to the
effect that he possessed the affections of the Queen. The
delusion continued after Her Majesty's marriage. Captain
Childe is now resident at Haye's Park Asylum, near
Uxbridge. Among the witnesses on Tuesday was the
Earl of Shaftsbury ; Captain Childe himself was also
examined. He appeared to be about forty years of age,
of very prepossessing appearance, and replied to the ques-
tions put to him with the utmost composure. The in-
quiry was continued on Wednesday and Thursday. On
Friday the jury closed their investigation, and delivered
the following verdict :—" The jury are of opinion that
Captain Childe is of unsound mind, and incapable of
managing his person or property."
RAILWAYS IN AUSTRALIA are not merely spoken of,
but are actually in a fair way for completion ; and over
districts that a quarter of a century ago only the aborigi-
nal native, the emu, and the kangaroo wandered, the
shriek of the steam-whistle will shortly be heard, and the
railway car will convey its rich freight of produce from
the interior, wool and tallow, and gold, for shipment to
the busy marts of European Commerce. The Sydney and
Croulbuni Railway will probably be opened as far as Para-
matta by the end of the year. The railway on the Hunter
River district is to be commenced immediately, and may
be expected to be in full operation between Newcastle and
Maitland within the next three years. Victoria and South
Australia are not behind-hand in their exertions in rail-
way enterprise. Already we perceive that a company has
been formed at Melbourne, and incorporated by the
Legislature, to construct a railroad from Port Philip, by
the Victoria gold-fields, to the Murray at Mauden's Point.
This would open a speedy and facile egress of only 200
miles to the sea-board for a great part of the produce from
the borders of New South Wales. That colony is fast
losing much of its export commerce through these back
doors, which are opening from time to time. The wide-
spread territories bordering on the Murray and the Dar-
ling are no longer hopelessly shut out and excluded from
a market. This new channel of river traffic must become
wider, and broader, and deeper, every successive year ;
and those immense tracts of country will, at no distant
day, support a large population—producers of wool, hides,
tallow, and other staple commodities of England—and at
the same time become profitable and liberal consumers of
her manufactures.—Shipping and Mercantile Gazette.

EMIGRANT SIIIPB.—The report of the select committee
on emigrant ships is occupied with a series of suggestions
and recommendations, with a view to the health and pro-
tection of emigrants. The committee recommend that
some further limitation be placed upon the quantity of
iron allowed to be taken as cargo in an emigrant ship.
They propose that the number of passengers should not,
except in special cases, be allowed to exceed 500 ; that a
medical officer, now required if there are 500 passengers,
be required in every ship of 300 ; and that vessels with as
gfeullpassesoepieigeorfs
theth 100 ton
nTrhaoelu'yyg broughtadvise
withinthwo steerage
raewhere dangerous epidemics prevail,
power be given to the Crown to stop emigration during
their prevalence, or that shl'ps with ever so few passengers
should be required to take a surgeon if circumstances ap-
pear to justify an exception to the rule. Considering that
the seeds of disease have often been sown among emigrants
by their sufferings from exposure on the decks of the Cha-
nnel steamers, which convey them to the English ports of
em bar,
etfhtehceomramleitleeaprtee
dc o mh
ymtehned
Etmihegeraxttieenasiconamto.
ruissioners in reference to their ships, requiring accom-
modation under cover for emigrants making Channel
passages to join the emigration ship. Further, the com-
mittee recommend an increase of the space given in the
" between decks." In regard to diet, the conclusion of
the committee is, that an addition should be made to the
dietary scale of the act of 1852, so that it be adequate for
proper sustenance without the necessity of private supply.
They object to a second passenger deck below, on account
of the difficulty of thorough ventilation ; and it appears
that the Emigration Commissioners have determined not
again to charter vessels so circumstanced. They recom-
mend that great attention be paid by the emigration
officer in ascertaining the efficiency of the crew ; but,
whether the rule of four men to the 100 tons, insisted
upon in Government vessels and in the Australian emi•
gration, should be extended to private ships in the Ame-
rican passage is allowed to be a point of much difficulty.
It is suggested that the detention money allowed for the
support of emigrants during the detention of the ship
after the appointed day of sailing be raised to ls. 6d. per
day for adults, and ls. for children under ten years ; and
that the deI:KU system, which is adoi&d by the Emigra-
tion Commissioners, should be generally established. To
those commissioners it is suggested that they should test
some of the new patented inventions for safer, larger, and
yet more easily-stowed boats or rafts, as the present means
of saving life in cases of total wreck are proved to be in-
sufficient. The committee conclude with recommending
the government to endeavour to obtain the co-operation
of the United States in an amended Passengers' Act, to be
enforced by both countries.
THE PANAMA ROUTE TO AUSTRALIA.—The Golden
Age is an American paddle-wheel steamer, of 3,000 tons
burden, and 700 nominal horse power. Her run out from
Liverpool to Australia was the quickest ever made, and
the owners have placed her upon the Sydney and Panama
route, with a view of testing its capability to support a
line of powerful steamers. The Golden Age left Hobson's
Bay at 1 p.m. on the sth of May, and anchored at Sydney-
heads on the Sth, at nightfal, the vessel being heavily
laden with coals. She took her departure from Sydney on
the 12th of May, and at 11 a.m. on the 24th entered
Papiti Harbour, the distance, 3,411 miles, having been
run in 14 days, the winds prevailing being S. by W. for
the first nine days, and E. the remainder. The lowest
run in 24 hours was 220 miles, and the highest 272 miles.
The ship was burning New South Wales coal (from New-
castle), the average consumption being 70 tons per diem.
The stay at Papiti occupied five days, during which 1,200
tons of coal were taken on board from three vessels lying
in a safe and good harbour without rollers, the coal being
placed on board by natives. On 'the 30th of May, at 10
a.m., the Golden Age left Papiti, having on board 1,400
tons of coal, the ship being very deep, the engines making
only nine revolutions, and the current being 1i knot
adverse. The run to Panama was made in 19 days, at a
speed averaging 200 to 270 miles a-day, the actual dis-
tance traversed being 4,461 miles ; wind calm and light
from the eastward during the majority of the passage.
The course steered was a straight'one to Tahiti and thence
to Panama, and the ship had to contend with 768 miles of
current. About 2,600 tons of coal were consumed in all,
the average cost of which, at £4 per ton, was £10,400.
With a consumption of 70 tons of New South Wales coal
the engines only made 13 revolutions per minute, whereas
with 50 tons of Welsh coals the revolutions attained have
been 18. The mails have been delivered in Southampton
in 66 days from Sydney, all detentions included ; but,
taking six days for coaling at Papiti, four days' detention
at Panama, and two days at St. Thomas's, the actual
steaming time has been 54 days from Sydney to England.
The freight and passage-money earned by the Golden Age
was £10,500, and the voyage will, it is said, show a loss of
from £7,000 to £lO,OOO, owing to the enormous cost of
fuel. Screw steamers, if used on this route, would proba-
bly coal in Cook's Straits, New Zealand, and, as they
would have more wind in their favour and less current
against them, would easily make the run from Sydney to
Panama in 40 to 45 days, at an expenditure of coal less
than one-third of that occasioned by the employment of
the Golden Age. Without a mail contract of 10s. per mile,
it is doubtful if screw steamers would pay their expenses
on the line ; and it is from this cause that the English
company (the Australian Pacific) has withdrawn their fine
steamers, built specially for the purpose. The experience
derived from the voyage of the Golden Age is pretty con-
clusive as to the fact of the Panama route to Australia
being the shortest and most direct, and (considerations of
expense left out of the question) the most desirable fbr the
transmission of mails. When coals can be provided for
steamers at New Zealand at moderate expense, it seems to
be likely that the line will be permanently occupied by
screw steamers, but till such favourable circumstances are
in operation, the Panama route to our South Australian
vepo,:isasiOns must necessarily be sealed, to. the mercantile

Ecizo.,—An Irish guide told Dr. James Johnson, who
wished for a reason why echo was always of the feminine
gender, that " May be it was because she always has the
last word."
A LITTLE SCRENV-STEAMER, of 60 tons measurement,
has been built by Mr. Pitcher, of Northfleet, for Australia.
She will be the smallest vessel that ever sailed for the
antipodes, and will be navigated by Captain Anne', a mate,
and four hands.
CURE FOR PARALYSIS.—During a recent thunder-
storm at Paris the lightning entered a room where sat a
paralytic and speechless man, set fire to the curtains, and
went out of a window, which it broke. The shock was
such that he recovered his speech, and has since been
greatly improved in health.
HORRIBLE DEkrit.—An eccentric woman, who had not
been seen for several days, was found dead on the floor of
her house, in Clerkenwell. She had died from natural
causes, but thecorpse, when viewed by the jury, presented
a truly shocking spectacle, the countenance and neck
having been completely gnawed away by rats.
AT LEICESTER ASSIZES, on Tuesday, a retired farmer,
named Holgate, brought an action against his brother,
an attorney, at Kirton, Lincolnshire, for negligence in
lending his money (as his client), upon insufficient security.
It had been lent as mortgage upon some property devised
by a will which defendant had made, but which had been
afterwards upset. He recovered the full amount, £3OO.

BIBLIOMANIA.—At a sale in London, which terminated
on Tuesday, of old and rare books, some extraordinary
prices were brought. There were several of Caxton's
printing, which brought respectively £lO5, £195, £230,
and £B3 ; Shakspeare's Comedies and Tragedies, first
edition, 1623, .E 250 ; the second edition, 1632, sold for
£lB 10s. ; the third, 1663 (burnt in the fire of London,)
for £25 ; and the fourth, 1685, for £l3.
A LITERARY CHARACTER.—At the Marlborough-street
Police-court, on Wednesday, Lionel Rayner, a comedian,
well known in literary sporting circles as " Joe Muggins'
dog," summoned Frederick Harding, the keeper of a
betting-office, for swindling him out of 10s., which he
had bet upon a horse to run at the Worcester races. The
defendant, who vainly attempted to prove that it was his
brother who took the 10s., was fined £5O, or three months'
bard labour—half of the penalty imposed by the new
betting act.

RAILWAY LIA.DiLITY.—On Tuesday, at the assizes at
York, Mr. Harper, a farmer, at Pannal, near Harrogate,
brought an action against the Leeds Northern Railway
Company, to recover damages for the loss of two horses,
and for injury to the plaintiff in consequence of a collision
with a railway train of the defendants. The collision took
place whilst the plaintiff, with his two horses and a cart,
was crossing the railway on a level, by an occupation road.
The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, damages £5OO.
THE ROYAL CRuism—lt is reported that the first
royal cruise this season, in the Victoria and Albert, will
be a visit of the Queen to the Channel Islands. Captain
Lefebre, in his steamer Dasher, is ordered to Portsmouth,
to be in attendance on the royal yacht.
DEATH OF Ma. HALE.—By letters received from Con-
stantinople, intelligence has been commnnicated of the
death, at the Turkish capital, of lrr. Wm. Hale, the in-
ventor of the rocket without a tail or stick. His name
will be known to many, owing to his connection with the
seizure by government, some time ago, of a large quantity
of rockets of his manufacture at Rotherhithe.
SEIZURE OF A RUSSIAN PRIZE IN GRIMSBY DOCKS.—
About three weeks ago a vessel with Prussian papers,
called the Johann Christoph, came into the port of Grimsby.
After remaining there some little time she was suspected
of being a Russian in disguise, was seized by the custom-
house authorities, and was prevented from leaving the
docks by the officers of the Manchester, Sheffield, and
Lincolnshire Railway Company. The vessel is waiting
the usual process of condemnation, after which a question
will arise of a very novel character—namely, how far the
railway company, as owners of the dock, are entitled to
share in the prize-money ?
SUICIDE.—Mr. George Jones, aged 31, a surgeon, was
sitting with his wife reading at his residence in Edward-
terrace, Pentonville, last Thursday evening, when he sud-
denly produced a small vial of prussic acid, and having
poured out the contents into another vessel, drank them
off, turning to Mrs. Jones with the exclamation, " I have
done it at last; I have done it now.. Mrs. Jones rushed
out and procured the assistance of a surgeon ; but on her
return the unfortunate man was found extended upon the
landing of the second floor, quite dead. It would appear
that upon his wife's departure for medical aid he went up
stairs endeavouring to reach his bed. He had been for
some time past labouring under mental derangement.
THE LATE THoxis HOOD.—The inauguration of the
public monument to this departed genius, in Kensall-green
Cemetery, was celebrated on Tuesday, when an address
was delivered by M. Milnes, M.P. The monument con-
sists of a plinth, or pedestal, of Scotch granite, highly
polished, surmounted by a bronze bust of almost colossal
size, the whole height being about twelve feet. In front
of the bust are placed three wreaths. On the slab im-
mediately beneath the bust is written• poor Hood's simple
self-inscribed epitaph—" He sang the song of the shirt."
Upon the projecting front of the pedestal is the following
inscription :—" In memory of Thomas Hc;ocl. Born 22nd
May, 1798. Died 3d May, 1815. Erected by public
subscription A.D. 1854."

A DIA.GISTRATE KILLED BY POICIIERS.—W. L. G. Bag-
shawe, Esq., of the Oaks, near Sheffield, and Wormhill,
Derbyshire, a magistrate for the county of Derby, and the
West Riding of Yorkshire, has lost his life in an affray
with poachers. There was a large party of poachers on Mr.
Bagshawe's preserve at Wormhill, on Wednesday night.
Mr. Bagshawe went out at the head of a band of keepers
to drive the poachers off. A long and bloody strife en-
sued. Mr. Bagshawe fought hand to hand with three
men, and was driven into some water, where he received
a blow from a gunstock that knocked him down insen-
sible. He died next day. He was a fine athletic young
man, of about 23, and was well known as a skilful oars-
man. He succeeded his father to the paternal estate two
or three years ago.

DEcnier. COINAGE.—A deputation waited upon Mr.
Cardwell, at the Board of Trade, on Tuesday, to explain
their views on the subject of decimal coinage. The depu-
tation consisted of Mr. W. Brown, M.P., Professor De
Morgan, Mr. Franklin, Mr. Miller (Bank of England),
Sir J. Pasley, and other gentlemen. Sir J. Herschell and
Sir J. E. Tennant were with Mr. Cardwell. After hearing
the deputation, Mr. Cardwell said that the committee had
understood Sir J. Herschell's evidence in the sense in
which he had himself just explained it. He felt that great
advantage must arise from collecting the opinions of so
many clever and scientific persons, who had but one opi-
nion among them as to the advantages of the system.
With respect to the adoption of a decimal system of coin-
age, he thought the public mind should be previously pre-
pared for it, as history informed them that much discon-
tent had often arisen from the sudden adoption of a new
system of coinage.
A RETIREMENT FOR LORD JOHN RIISSELL.—The Jour-
nal des Dibats,in an article on the recent failures of the
English government, alludes to Lord John Russell having
drowned his own offspring—his Reform Bill—in a river
of his own tears, and concludes by saying, that there will
be no resource for him but Chelsea or Greenwich. The
De'bals being the best informed paper on English affairs,
we may form some idea of the extent of knowledge that
exists in France, on matters of the kind, when the highest
authority in the Parisian press expects Lord John Russell
to endhisofficialcareer as a Chelsea pensioner or a Green.

EXTRAORDINARY RAILWAY FRAUDS IN NEW YORK.
—The monetary circles in the United States have been
almost paralysed by the discovery of some extraordinary
railway frauds, of which the well-known capitalists,
Messrs. Schuyler, of New York, are the perpetrators.
The New York Commercial Daily List, of the Bth
instant, says :—" The discovery of an over-issue of nearly
2,000,000 dols. of New York and New Haven Railway
Stock by the president, Mr. Robert Schuyler, has caused
great commotion in financial circles. But little else has
been thought of, or talked of, in and about Wall-street
since our last, and the admission is universal, that never
was a greater or more untimely blow given to public con-
fidence, which is the prop and pillar of public security.
The hypothecation of this immense amount of stock, it
seems, was well accomplished within the short space of
three or. four months—Schuyler, no doubt, intending, in
the course of time, to make good the deficiency to the
company. The growing stringency in the money market,
however, together with the coincident embarrasments in
the business world generally, defeated his purpose, if it
was intended, and disclosed to the world an operation, we
believe, entirely unparalleled in the annals of Wall-street.
A transaction of this character will create nearly as much
sensation in monetary circles abroad as it is doing here,
for Mr. Schuyler was as well known in Lombard-street
and in Paris, and in most of the German cities, as he is

with " collegian." Fancy Lord Johii in a blue coat and
cocked hat, walking about Greenwich Park, offering to
show the public a cockroach through a microscope, or
telling of the many political contests in which he had
passed his life, and asking for a trifle to buy a little extra
'bacco. Such is the termination to his political life, which
the Journal des Dgbats seriously anticipates for Lord
John Russell, when pointing to Chelsea or Greenwich as
the only alternative that is left for him.—Punch.
LIE CRYSTAL PALACE COMPANY.—The directors of
this company have just issued their half yearly-report.
The amount expended on capital account up to the
10th of June, 1851, the day of opening, is £910,329. The
further amount expended, up to the present time has been
£91,000; and the remaining liabilities, so far as they can
be possibly ascertained, amount to about £209,000 ad-
ditional, for completing works now in progress. In ad-
dition to the above, a sum of £90,000 will be required to
erect the water towers, and to carry out the whole scheme
of the palace and park, comprising the fountains, gardens,
terraces, and interior fittings and decorations, to final com-
pletion. The total cost of the undertaking will thus be
£1,300,000, of which it is right to observe that about
£lOO,OOO arises from objects such as the refreshment de-
partment, stabling approaches, purchase of additional land,
and improvements of the Dulwich-wood property, which
are either productive of a large separate return in them-
selves, or are available as assets to be realised at some
future period, with every probability of a profit. The
receipts on revenue account from all sources down to the
Bth instant, comprising four weeks from the opening, have
been as follows :—Season tickets, £35,388 ; admissions,
£13,032 ; rental for space. (on account of first half-year's
rent,) £12,289; refreshments, £11,500 ; miscellaneous, (in-
cluding stabling, cloak-rooms, &c.,) £704: total, £72,913.
A SKETCH OP THE PAPAL STATES.—A letter from
Ravenna, dated June 12, says —The misery in the states
of the Pope is extreme. Last year the harvest and the
vintage failed, and now they would sell themselves for a
piece of bread. Mothers and even fathers sell their
daughters at the tenderest age, even of ten or twelve
years; and there is among the poor suffering creatures
universal corruption. The price of a piece of bread has
risen from three to six fold, and that of the commonest
wine (here a necessary of life, and used by all), three
times or more. When I go to take my breakfast in the
coffee-house (where, even at these high prices, I still have
an excellent mug of coffee, milk, sugar, two rolls, and
two boiled eggs, napkins, &c., in the best coffee-house,
for 9 cents-44d.), I see little children, miserable women,
and even old men, once evidently in better circumstances,
and educated too, come and lean by the door, look wist-
fully in, and humbly wait for you to see their misery, or
beg you, for the sake of thesßlessed Mary, to relieve their
hunger ! The people generally do not get one-third of
what they want to eat. Meantime they sustain 72 car-
dinals, or a good portion of this college, idle and useless
princes, besides a host of priests that eat up the land, and
a good round number of their own good-for-nothing
soldiery. Then it requires more than 10,000 French
soldiers to keep the capital, eternal Rome, in order, and
the Pope from running away, or being massacred, and at
least 10,000 Austrians for the north in Bologna, Ancona,
Forli, Faenza, &c. What a picture ! And yet it is not
exaggerated, but underdrawn. Meantime the nobility
are also sinking ; for the law of primogeniture has been
abolished, the estates are divided, and I can see nothing-
before the papal states but universal decay, misery, and
downfall. Still the people look happy. They run after
the wooden image of St. Antonio with sweet lilies in their
hands when the priests parade him in the streets, and are
well satisfied with their sort of theatre and puppet-show
religion. Though misery (I mean want, hunger) stamps
her impress upon their faces, and makes them appear to
be thirty at twenty, still they go singing about, begging
and making the most of it, or working it in some way so

in Wall-street. It is said that there is a considerable
portion of the New Haven Stock held both in England

but be injurious to American credit. The sum total of
the misapplication of property is stated to be 5,305,000
dollars, of which 1,900,000 dollars consists of the fraudu-
lently-issued stock, 300,000 dollar bonds of the Harlem
Railroad Company misapplied, and a diversion of 105,000
dollars advanced on iron. As might be expected under
these circumstances, the stock market has been convulsed
from day to day—the prices of about every description of
railroad securities undergoing a large decline—Erie being
the heaviest sufferer. An uneasy feeling is apparent in
regard to all other stocks, and for our own part we do not
anticipate any reaction for the better for some time to
come. The business world cannot recover from the effects
of such a shock in a day, a week, or a month. Since the
above was written, it has been ascertained that Mr. Kyle,
the secretary of the New York and Harlem Railroad Com-
pany, has overdrawn his accounts to the extent of 4,000
shares of stock, amounting at a par value to 400,000 doll.
A committee of directors is now engaged in investigating
the accounts, and in the mean time the books of transfer
are ordered to be closed. On the announcement of this
fact at the Stock Board, at the opening of the session,
yesterday, prices generally receded. The over-issues of
Harlem stock will, it is said, probably exceed the amount
admitted by Mr. Kyle himself. The public mind is wak-
ing up to the necessity of having some lawful checks,
more efficient than any that are now in existence, upon
the present system of transfers ; and to that end we are
given to understand that a bill will be introduced into the
next legislature, requiring all such transfers to be regu.
larly registered, and published in the newspapers every
week. A measure of this character, or something like it,
is needed; and we trust it will not be permitted to lie on
the table."

• ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OP ENGLAND.—
MEETING AT LINCOLN.—The general show yard of stock
and implements was opened for the admission of the public
on Thursday, and throughout the day they continued to
pour in by tens of thousands, in spite of the sweltering heat
of the weather, and the absence of all protection from the
intense rays of the sun. The show of stock was, in many
respects, equal to the best that have preceded it ; whilst
in others perhaps it was superior. One sentiment alone
appears to have been entertained on this score amongst
acomplished judges and the most regular attendants at the
society's exhibitions. On the whole, the meeting at
Lincoln may be pronounced decidedly and eminently suc-
cessful. The display of beasts was fine, and the prize
animals justified the distinction conferred upon them by
the awards of the judges. This remark applies with equal
force to the short-horn and Devon breeds, than which a
morebeautiful collection has probably never been witnessed.
The latter most profitable and hardy breed were especially
worthy of admiration, as being all of them a very superior
description of stock, without a second rate beast amongst
them. The show of horses for agricultural purposes has
surpassed any since the exhibition at York, which was
wonderfully strong in the display it made. On this occa-
sion the Suffolks have not been so successful as usual.
The specimens shown of that excellent breed were fault-
less ; but other sorts of horses reared in the district have
borne off the palm, and though there were very many
Suffolks in the yard, they have succeeded in appropriating
but few prizes. In the sheep classes, the Southdowns
were, for a variety of reasons, the favourites ; and when
we add that the principal exhibitors are those famed
breeders, Mr. Rigden, Mr. Scott Hayward, the Duke of
Richmond, Mr. Lugar, Mr. Sainsbury, Lord Walsingham,
and Mr. Overman, it may easily be imagined that some
prime pens were to be found among the lot. The
Leicesters were not deemed to have been above a fair
average quality. And of the long-wools, although the im-
proved Lincoln came out in great force, the Cotswolds
seem to have the preference. The latter breed is daily
becoming more appreciated in proportion as its valuable
qualities are made known to the flockmasters, and there
are persons courageous enough to prophecy that in the
course of a few years the Cotswold may supercede even the
pure Leicesters themselves. There is a capital exhibition
of pigs, the preponderance of entries being of the smaller
sorts. The poultry'show still indicates improvement in
the several classes, and especially in the Dorkings, Malays,
and Polands. It afforded the chief point of attraction to
the ladies, by whom it was surrounded in admiring groups.
Judging from the greater interest with which the three
sorts just mentioned are regarded, one is almost led to
hope that they are recovering their old place in the public
estimation, and that the popularity of the ugly Cochin
Chinas will speedily be at an end. Upwards of 800 gentle-
men assembled at the dinner in the Pavilion, on Wednes-
day afternoon, under the presidency of the Earl of Chiches-
ter, who acted as locum lessens for Mr. Pusey. The noble
chairman was supported right and left by the Earl of
Carlisle, the Earl of Mansfield, the Earl of Harrowby, his
Excellency the Peruvian Minister, the Duc de Maine, the
Earl of Yarborough, Mr. Yvart, M. de St. Marie, M. Le
Four, M. Chambellan, M. Boitel, M. Tisseraud, and M.
Collingnon, who have been sent to this country as a depu-
tation by the Emperor of the French ; Mr. Christopher,
M.P., Colonel Sibthorp, M.P., Mr. Conolly, M.P., Mr.
Bankes Stanhope, M.P., Sir. J. V. Shelley, M.P., Baron
Leffert, the Earl of Darnley, Lord Goderich, Sir' H.
Dymock, Sir M. Cholmondeley, Mr. C. Towneley, and Mr.
Heneage. The struggle for the general purposes plough
prize was maintained between Messrs. Howard and Messrs.
Ransome and Sims for four days. Never, probably, was a
match of the kind more evenly maintained, and this,
although the dynamometer was used to help the judges in
discriminating where the rival furrows left no choice. At
last Messrs. Ransome were declared the victors. Every
year the show yard of the society bears witness, with in-
creased force, to the benefits arising from that natural
distribution of the implement trade which enables Garrett,
for. instance, to take the lead in horse-hoes, Hornsby in
drills, Clayton and Shuttleworth in thrashing machines,
and crosskill in carts and clodcrushers. In the case of
reaping machines, the prize has this year been given to
Dray and Co. Turning to the few novelties which the
present display of implements presents, we may notice as
the most important a new machine manufactured by
Messrs. Ransome and Sims on the design of Mr. E. Davy,
of Crediton, for breaking the seed bolls and woody part of
the flax plant, and for separating both seed and fibre from
the flax straw as soon as harvested, without resorting to
the tedious, difficult, disagreeable, and wasteful processes of
"steeping" and "retting. Next to this implement,
which its inventor has christened a " decorticator," may
be mentioned a new French reaper, exhibited by Al. Fer-
dinand Mazier, of L'Aigle (Orne), France. It is the first
contribution from France to the annual meetings of the
Royal Agricultural Society. A new thrashing-machine,
by Messrs. Ransom and Sims, all the movements of which
are rotatory, though not successful enough to win a prize,
deserves commendation for the mechanical principle which
it carries out. In similar terms, may be noticed a machine
which has excited some sensation in the yard, both from
its appearance and name. It is simply a large hogshead,
the ends of which forms wheels, so that when in motion it
is continually rolling round, and, being filled with liquid
manure, and, having a suitable apparatus attached, it be-
comes a very effective distributor. Ungainly as agricul-
tural implements confessedly are, this beats them all (even
Fowler's gigantic draining plough) out of the field, and
when it first appeared in the trial-yard on the summons of
, a
the consulting engineer, who called for " the revolver," a
marked sensation was produced upon the agriculturists
there assembled. It is the invention of a
also a new and clever artificial manure distributor.fgriaer, as
is

as to get something to eat somehow or somewhere. The
lower people have a theatre or a show when they can get
it for a cent or two, buy a farthing's worth of roasted
pumpkin seeds, or see something which makes them for-
get they are hungry. Such are the Roman people ! Still
the Opera is crowded, and the fashionables and the
beauties, and the nobles, show themselves nightly in their
gayest colours.

THE HEAT IN NEW YORK.—Thermometers at 100 de-
grees Fahrenheit. What is to be done ? We have dis-
pensed with every superfluous article of attire; our cos-
tume is of the simplest and most unembarrassing nature ;
we alternate our spare moments between iced claret and a
shower-bath, yet we are reduced to a most pitiable state.
Our hair is like the dripping well at Knaresborough, on a
limited scale. Our epidermis presents superficially some-
what the same appearance as that of Venus must have
done immediately after rising from the sea. We know
that if that day was as hot as this, we should have been
very sorry to rise from the sea on any account. We should
have remained at the very bottom. There must, however,
be a great many people hotter than we are to-day—in
itself a great comfort. The lawyers in the Walker divorce
case, for example—we wonder if the heat will have any
effect on the number of Mr. Busteed's " objections ;" or,
whether he will relax for an instant his savage vigilance
towards District Attorney Blunt. We wonder if the
cross-examinations will be less excited and furious than
heretofore. We suspect the judge will discover at an early
hour that he has pressing business awaiting him at home,
which will oblige him to adjourn the court. What be-
comes of the cooks of St. Nicholas and Metropolitan Hotels
now a-days ? Have they been discharged and salamanders
hired in their stead ? Or, do they continually anoint their
bodies with that newly-discovered anti-caloric lotion which
enables a man to plunge his hand into a cauldron of
molten lead and draw it out again unsinged ? The chefs
and their assistants of those kitchens can be no mere men
if they have lived and fulfilled their duties through the
last three days. To bake, and boil, and roast, and mix
peppery sauces, and taste scalding soups in such weather
as this requires more than mortal strength. It is our
private opinion, not generally known, because the hotels
have hitherto contrived to hush the matter up, that in
both the above-mentioned establishments an entire set of
cooks die every day, are buried in the backyard at mid-
night by the proprietors themselves, and are replaced by
a fresh set next morning. People that walk in Niblo's
orange groves every evening between the acts little think
that they are treading on the graves of innumerable cooks!
If one could see all their acquaintances now, wonderful
changes would, we think, be observable. Wonderful loose-
ness of attire, flushed faces, great consumption of brandy
and water, much smoking of cigars. Arabella Atrophy,
that lovely houri, whose waist is so divinely slender, how
should we find her now ? Slippers and no stockings, we
will wager a lungful of fresh air. White robe, loose, shape-
less, unhooked—she who seems when abroad to have been
born in her dresses—no stays ! The exquisite Trophonius
Toddle—gone are all his Broadway trappings of. splendour.
Those tight pants, that miraculous coat, that inestimable
necktie. Almost denuded, and with wild hair, he lies
fainting on the sofa, scarce able to raise the sherry cobbler
he is imbibing to his lips. Ah ! what strange looking
being is that ? Alas !it is ourselves. We caught a
glimpse of our own figure in the mirror—we who had
been so unfeelingly gloating over the miseries of others.
That glimpse was enough —we are reduced to a mere
shadow. A modern Ovidian transformation is about to
take place, and we shall become the source of some river—
hereafter to become famout—l?efore many hours.—New
Fork DaiLy Times,