The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-09-16 00:00:00

THE QUEEN AT STIRLING.

Fitting preparations were made for her Majesty's recep-
tion in the town of Stirling, which is rich in romantic
features and historic recollections. At the lower extremity
of Stirling Bridge, where the keys of the town were to be
presented, a most gorgeous and imposing arch was erected,
with a battlemented top, and having four youths on the tur-
rets waving flags, inscribed with the word " Welcome !"
The magistrates and town-council at eleven o'clock pre-
sented addresses to the Queen and Prince Albert, to which
the royal pair graciously replied.
The royal party, instead of taking the low road and
coming up the High-street, wended their way to the Castle
by the upper road along the base of the hill, entering Broad-
street from St. Mary's Wynd, and passed on by Mar-place
up the colonade, arrived at the Castle gate shortly after
twelve.

The esplanade presented a gay and animated sight; in-
deed, we must say of " old Stirling" that on this occasion
she nobly did her duty. The streets-were densely thronged,
a great influx of strangers having arrived by the early con-
veyances from Glasgow, Edinburgh, and other adjacent
towns. We have seldom, if ever, seen a more beautiful and
picturesque scene than the streets and neighbourhood of
Stirling upon this occasion.
So soon as her Majesty and suite had alighted at the gate
of the castle she was received by the Governor, the gallant
veteran Sir Archibald Christie, who conducted the royal
party to the lower quadrangle, where a company of the brave
42d were drawn up, and where her Majesty inspected the
battery called the seven-gun battery, we believe, which was
laid round with scarlet cloth, two chairs being placed for the
convenience of her Majesty and her royal consort. From
this point the royal party ascended to the upper quadrangle.
The Queen was leaning on Prince Albert's right arm, and
on her left was Sir Archibald Christie, in earnest conversa-
tion with her Majesty, who looked cheerful, in excellent
health and spirits, evidently improved by having inhaled the
fresh mountain breezes. She was dressed in the royal tartan,
and wore a red coloured shawl. The Prince was in plain
clothes, and also looked extremely well. Her Majesty
entered the Governor's house, the steps being laid with
scarlet, and partook of a dejeuner; in the meantime, Sir
Robert Peel, the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Liverpool, and
others of the royal suite remained in the quadrangle, and
viewing the grotesque and antique emblematic figures with
which the old buildings arc ornamented. On leaving the
Governor's house, her Majesty and the Prince inspected the
armoury, which contains John Knox's pulpit, and other
ancient curiosities ; the members of the suite and the clergy
of the burgh following uncovered.
It was expected that her Majesty would ,have visited the
nursery room of James VI., and the school-room where
George Buchanan, " taught the Royal Boy," but the late-
ness of the hour prevented her; and, the royal party de-
scended by the same path to the gate, and entering the car-
riage drove slowly down the esplanade, amid the most enthu-
siastic acclamations of the assembled thousands. The other
carriages followed with Sir Robert Peel and the rest of the
party. The premier was loudly cheered, and hundreds avail-
ing themselves of the opportunity, shook him heartily by
the hand.

ENTRANCE INTO FALKIRK.
Early in the morning, strangers were moving towards Fal-
kirk, and as it approached to twelve o'clock the main-street
became very much crowded. The shops were mostly closed,
and the population appeared dressed in their holiday clothes.
The town crier at this time summoned the special constables
to their place of meeting by tuck of drum. The town soon
presented a very gay and cleanly appearance—the fronts of
all the houses being ornamented with flowers and evergreens
tastefully arranged. A number of banners were also dis-
played, having devices and inscriptions complimentary to her
Majesty. At the entrance of the house on the Stirling road,
a triumphal arch was erected, adorned with evergreens, and
surmounted by a crown, having the inscription—" Welcome
to Falkirk."

It having been arranged that her Majesty was to change
horses within Callender Park, this, as might have been ex-
pected, was the great centre of interest. Mr. Forbes' te-
nantry, about sixty of them on horseback and double that
number on foot, guarded the road, the former occupying the
ground immediately opposite her Majesty's guard of honour,
the 66th regiment of foot, who stood at the spot where the
relay of horses was ready to be yoked to the royal carriage.
The high grounds of Callender Park presented a scene of life
and bustle never before witnessed within this noble demesne.
The anxiety of the multitude was now at its highest pitch,
when about half-past one o'clock, Mr. Ramsay, of Barnton,
arrived, announcing the near approach of the royal company.
In half an hour more, the cheering outside proclaimed their
arrival, and shortly after two o'clock the cortege entered the
grounds. At this moment the crowds who had followed her
Majesty through the town, rushed into the western gate with
a fury which no force could have opposed, every one running
at the top of his speed towards the lawn before the house to
get a second glimpse of the Queen. The cheering from
15,000 "ices was absolutely deafening. Mr. Forbes and the
Earl of zetland accompanied the royal party ; the former in
the uniform of a deputy-lieutenant, the latter at the head of
a large body of his tenantry. The royal cortege re-entered
the public road by the gate at Lauriston Toll, which was,
like the others, decorated with a magnificent floral archway.
The soldiers then gave three cheers for the Queen, which
were readily re-echosd by the vast multitude present, the
Camelon band playing the Queen's Anthem ; and after accom-
panying the royal cavalcade as far as Linlithgow Bridge, Mr.
Forbes's tenantry returned to the Callander, where dinner
was prepared for them, to the number of 180.
We are sorry to have to record an accident which it was
supposed would prove fatal. A dragoon was pitched from off
his horse, which kicked him severely on the head while he
was on the ground.

PROGRESS THROUGH LINLITHGOW.
From an early hour the town of Linlithgow was full of
excitement and bustle in anticipation of the royal visit.
For some days past the most active preparations have been
in progress, with a view of improving the aspect of the
burgh. The Cross-well—one of the curiosities of the place
—which had grown dusky and dingy in the course of time,
was renovated ; and everywhere, houses, which were but
lately begrimed with smoke, presented a trim appearance.
At ten o'clock the town rapidly filled, and was decorated
with a profusion of flags, nearly a hundred of all varieties
being visible. At the West Port a double festoon of ever-
greens, with a crown depending from the centre, and an in-
scription, " God save the Queen and Prince Albert," had
been raised.
About half-past one o'clock her Majesty arrived at Lin-
lithgow Bridge, where the Avon forms the boundary betwixt
the counties of Stirling and of West Lothian. At this
point of the great viaduct on the railway, with the beautiful
vale of the Avon peeping beneath the arches, and the river
gently winding till it is lost to the eye amidst the woods, pre-
senting a scene which, strikingly picturesque in itself, was
heightened and animated by the accumulation of the living
masses assembled on the spot to great her Majesty with the
expressions of their loyal enthusiasm. The Earl of Hope-
toun, who was accompanied by the Hon. Charles Hope,
M.P., for the county of Linlithgow, and by the county gen-
tlemen, received her Majesty when she crossed the Bridge,
and entered the county of West Lothian. The road was
lined by the tenantry on horseback ; and as their numbers
were great, so was their appearance admirable.
Her Majesty proceeded on her route towards Linlithgow,
which is distant about a mile from the bridge. All was
breathless expectation—every hat was removed—every white
handkerchief was unfolded—as the royal cortege appeared
on the declivity of the West Port. In descending, however,
the cortege unfortunately went somewhat beyond the mark ;
for the carriage could not be drawn up until it had passed
some paces beyond where the Provost and Magistrates were
assembled. It had been intended to present addresses to
her Majesty and the Prince, and to confer the freedom of
the town on the latter; but owing to this unlucky accident,
it was found necessary to abandon the previous arrange-
ments, though, we understand, the disappointment occa-
sioned not less regret to her Majesty than to the authorities
of the town. The crowd, however, which immediately fol-
lowed the royal carrine,
was such as precluded the possibi-
lity of fulfilling her Majesty's wish.
iThe acclamations, as the royal cortege proceeded, were
incessant ; her Majesty and the Prince acknowledging in the
most gracious manner the manifestations of loyalty and re.
gard. The royal carriage drew up betwixt the Cross-well
and the Town-hall to change horses.
Sir Robert Peel was recognised immediately after the royal
cortege entered the town. He was accompanied by Lord
Aberdeen, and his reception was most cordial.-
At half-past three the royal cortege passed through Kirk - liston, and at half-past four reached the railway tirminus, at
Edinbugh. The party entered the city by Athol Crescent,
along Maitland-street, and into the Lothian-road—at which
point the castle guns fired a royal salute, and the royal
standard was hoisted, The cavalcade next turned into Bread
Street and proceeded along Lauriston. The bays of Helloes
Hospital, and the schools of this institution, and the boys of
Watson's Hospital, numbering several thousand children,

were assembled in front of the railing, and ds her Majesty
passed they sang the National Anthem in a very pleasing
manner. At the head of the Meadow-walk, stationed on a
platform, were the Bailies and Magistrates of Eager and
Western Portsburgh in their official roles, whom the Queen
and the Prince recognized in the most gracious manner. In
front of Mr. John Maclachlan's !muse, Lauriston, the word
" Welcome," made up of flowers, had a very fine appearance.
The royal party were cheered along the whole line into
Bristo-street, Chapel-street, Buccleuch-street, Hope Park
End, Preston-street, and Newington.

ARRIVAL AT DALKEITH.
Throughout the whole of Tuesday. Dalkeith presented a
busy scene, in consequence of the expected arrival of her
Majesty. The Duke of Buccleuch, with his wonted libera-
lity, laid open his grounds to the public. who entered by the
Lugton gate. In the afternoon, about three o'clock, an im-
mense multitude had assembled, who lined the road through
the park, by which the royal cortege was to reach the palace.
Along the road towards Edinburgh, numbers of people had
assembled in carriages, on horseback, and on foot, who
waited patiently for upwards of two hours, ere the royal
party approached. Soon after three o'clock the Duchess of
Buccleuch arrived, and was greeted with great cordiality by
the assembled crowds. The church bells in Dalkeith were
tolled in honour of her Grace's arrival, and continued to
ring their merry peals until after her Majesty had entered
the Palace. Flags were hoisted from the steeples of the
churches, and every face appeared gay and happy. About
a quarter-past five an advanced guard of the Enniskillens an-
nounced the appi oach of the royal cortege which shortly after-
wards appeared, when her Majesty and the Prince were greeted
with huzzas from every quarter. The royal carriage entered
by the Queen's gate, and proceeded along the park at a rapid
rate. Inside the Park presented a most beautiful and ani-
mating picture. Every part of the road was lined with the
inhabitants of Dalkeith, and also a considerable number
from Edinburgh, who cheered the royal party as they ap-
proached. A party of special constables and county police
lined the inside of the Park, and contributed much by their
presence to preserve that order which adds so greatly to the
delight of such a scene. Immediately after her Majesty had
entered the Palace, the Royal standard was hoisted on one
of the turrets. A party of the 53d were stationed within the
Park, and their fine band continued playing until the Queen
approached, when the national anthem was performed. The
colours of the 53d were kept in an adjoining house, but as
soon as the Queen had arrived, they were conveyed to the
palace gate leading to Dalkeith, where a guard is placed, and
unfurled. The gentlemen and yeomen of the county who ac-
companied the Queen from town escorted her down the
Park, returning by the Dalkeith gate, and proceeded in small
groups homewaids.
Her Majesty and the Prince remained in the palace during •
the evening, the journey performed yesterday having fatigued
the Queen. At eight o'clock the Royal party sat down to
dinner. Covers were laid for twenty-eight.
It is generally understood that her Majesty will remain in
Dalkeith Palace during this day to rest from the fatigues of •
the journey from Drummond Castle. From her Majesty's
well known activity, however, many anticipate that she will
walk through the grounds at Dalkeith, this truly noble park
being well worthy of inspection. tier Majesty was expected
to embark from Granton Pier on Thursday, (yesterday,) and,
if it suited her INlajesty's convenience, the embarkation might
easily have taken place at 9 or 10 o'clock.

SPEECH DELIVERED BY HIS MAJESTY TOE KING
OF PRUSSIA ON LAYING THE FOUNDATION
STONE FOR. THE NEW BUILDINGS DESTINED
TO COMPLETE THE CATHEDRAL OF COLOGNE.

On the conclusion of the religious observances which pre-
ceded the act of laying the foundation stone, the King took
the trowel in his hand. When he advanced in front of the
stone, a loud shout of exultation arose, which continued
until His Majesty by signs indicated his wish that it should
cease. Silence being restored, His Majesty delivered in a
loud and clear voice, the following remarkable speech :
" I take this opportunity to welcome heartily the numerous
guests who, as members of the Cathedral Building Associa-
tion, have met here from all parts of Germany to celebrate
this day. Gentlemen of Cologne, a great event is about to
take place among you. Your feelings will tell you that it is
no common edifice you are about to erect. It is the offspring
of the spirit of union and concord among Germans of every
creed. When I reflect on this, my eyes are filled with joyful
tears, and I thank God that I have lived to witness this day.
Here, where this foundation stone is laid, will arise the
noblest portals in the whole world. Germany builds them,
may they, by the grace of God, be to her the forerunners
of a new, a great, and a happy future. Far from them be
all that is anti-German—that is to say, all that is base, false,
and insincere. May this portal of honour never be dis-
graced by bad faith or by the unworthy disunion of German
princes or of,the German people. May this structure never
disturb the peace of creeds, nor impede the progress of
social order; and may that spirit which once interrupted the
bnilding of this house of God, and injured the well-being of
our common fatherland, find no entrance here. The feeling
that has prompted the building of these portals is the same
that 29 years ago made us break our chains, rolled back in-
sult from our native land, and division from its shores ; it is
the same spirit which, fortified by the blessings of my de-
parted father (the last of those three great kings), two years
ago displayed itself with a vigour undiminished in power
and unimpaired by time ; it is the spirit of German union
and of German power; and oh ! may the portals of Cologne
Cathedral be its most glorious triumph ! May the spirit
which has given birth to this great work serve to complete it;
and may it prove to most remote generations, that Germany
is great and mighty by the union of her rulers and her people,
and that she has, without bloodshed, consolidated the peace of
the world! May it attest that Prussia is happy in the glory
and prosperity of her own fatherland, and in the fraterniza-
tion of her different religious creeds, all one and alike in
the eyes of the Divine Creator. I pray to God that the
Cathedral of Cologne may continue to tower above this town
and all Germany and that it may be a witness of peace and
happiness among mankind until time shall be no more.
Gentlemen of Cologne, your city has by this structure ob-
tained a high pre-eminence over all the other towns of Ger-
many ; she has this day proved herself worthy of that pre-
eminence. Join then with me as I strike the trowel on the
foundation stone. Shout with me the thousand times re-
peated rallying cry 'Aloof Cologne.
This speech, spoken with the most lively enthusiasm.
kindled like lightening in the hearts of the thousands present,
and called forth such an astounding storm of joyful shouts and
acclamation, that we are justified in saying that the history
of the world can hardly show a similar meeting between the
Prince and his people.
The King having once more looked joyfuly and enthu-
siastically on the assembled multitude and on the Cathedral,
and the cheering having burst forth afresh, his Majesty struck
the usual three blows with the hammer on the foundation
stone, and then retired to the Tribune, where he was received
by the Queen in a manner that produced a deep impression
on the minds of all present.

THE GREAT BRITAIN.-THE LARGEST VESSEL
IN THE WORLD.

Some few particulars respecting this immense iron steam-
ship, the largest vessel in the world, now building by the
Great Western Steam-ship Company at Bristol, and which
will be ready for sea in the early part of the next year, can-
not fail to be interesting at this period when the questions of
transatlantic steam navigation and of our communications
with India form prominent subjects of discussion. The
Great Western steam-vessel commenced running, between.
Bristol and New York in the spring of 1838, and has con-
tinued her voyages ever since, often, too, under the most ad-
verse circumstances, with a speed and regularity unequalled.
The Great Western Company, in order to maintain the high
ground which they had attained, and taking advantage of the
improvements made known by scientific research, resolved to
build an iron steam-ship of such vast dimensions and power
as should as much surpass the Great Western as that vessel
had itself surpassed everything previously afloat. As the new
vessel proceeded, it soon became apparent that she would be
a most extraordinary vessel, and the emphatic exclamation
of his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, on the occa-
sion of his being shown over her on his Royal Highness's late
visit to Bristol, viz., " She is justly named The Great
Britain,' and is a noble specimen of British skill and British
enterprise : I feel that no other nation on the earth could
produce such a ship, and that she will truly be one of the
wonders of the world," will be fully borne out by every
person who sees her. Taking advantage of their experience
of the peculiar excellences or defects in the Great Western
and other steam-ships then in existence, and with the power
of adopting every improvement that skill or vigilance could
suggest, the directors proceeded to build a vessel with which
nothing yet seen upon the waters of the world can be com-
pared, and which is destined to prove experiments as novel
and of as great public interest as the first opening of the
transatlantic steam navigation. As the huge ship proceeded
on her stocks various names were assigned her, among which,
in allusion to her immense size, that of " The Mammoth"
became the favourite. After mature consideration, however,
she was named " The Great Britain," a name appropriately
emblematic of British skill and British greatness. She has
been variously described at various periods, but now that •
she is all but completed I have obtained the following de-
scription of her, which may be relied on as being accurate :
The Great Britain is built entirely of iron, with the excep-
tion of the flooring of her decks, and the flooring and orna-
mental parts of her cabins. She is 324 feet in length aloft,
or upwards of 100 feet longer than our largest line of battle
ship. Her extreme breadth is 51 feet, and the depth of her
hold 32 feet. She is registered 3,200 tons, so that her bulk
far exceeds that of any two steamers in the world. She has
four decks, the lowest of which is of iron, and appropriated
for the reception of the cargo. The upper deck, with the ex-
ception of a small break in the forecastle, is completely flush
from stem to stern, without building or elevation of any
kind, so that, besides the masts and funnel, there will be
nothing above deck to offer resistance to a head wind. The
two intermediate decks are appropriated exclusively to the
use of passengers and the equipage of the ship, and consist
of four grand saloons, forming together a length of dining
room of 300 feet, two large ladies' cabins or family rooms, and
183 state rooms, each containing two spacious sleeping berths.
so that, besides the portion appropriated to the crew, ste-
ward's department, &c., the immense number of 360 passen-
gers can be accommodated each with a separate bed without
requiring a single sofa to be made up in any of the saloons.
The principal saloon is 108 feet long by 32 feet wide, and 8
feet 3 inches high. Besides the vast space appropriated to
boilers, &c., she has sufficient room for the stowage of 1,000
tons of coals, and 1,200 tons of measurement goods. There
are three boilers, capable of containing 200 tons of water,
which will be hetaed by. 24 fires, and she has four engines,
each of 250 horse power, making in all 1,000 horse power.
Some idea may be formed of her vastness, when I state that
1,400 tons of iron have been used in her construction. The
most novel feature about the Great Britain is her mode of
propulsion, which is by the newly improved screw-propellor,
patented by Mr. Smith, of London, (with improvements made
upon it,) and applied by that gentleman with complete sue-
cess to the Archimedes. With a view to ascertaining the
powers of the screw, as compared with paddles, the Archi-
medes was hired some months by the Great Western Com-
pany, and a series of experiments made with screws of various
size and form and it being found that fully an espial velocity
with an equality of power, could be obtained as with paddles,
conferring a great advantage under adverse circumstances
particularly in strong head winds, the machinery at the same
time being infinitely more simple, and at no time an encum-
brance to the vessel, it was resolved not to use the paddles
in the Great Britain, but to adopt the screw, with the ire-
provements which had been made in the course of the
various experiments with the Archimedes. The screw with
which she will be fitted will be 16 feet in diameter, and
placed under the stern, between the stern post and the run of
the ship, in which situation it will be quite out of the way of
injury. It is calculated that this substitution of the screw
propeller for the paddles will relieve the Great Britain of 100
tons of top weight, and admit of the boilers and engines being
adjusted in that part of the ship which is best suited to
receive them, and where they best act as permanent ballast.
The Great Britain will be fitted with six masts, on five of
which a single fore and aft sail only will be carried, the main-
mast alone being rigged with yards and topmast. These
masts will be low as compared with the size of the vessel,
gs,haenwdotahled c
whatlon quantity
ca lftchaoauvgaha
at
,hethmouaginh
minacstcawaiildl
carry as
a full rigged ship, will still be as much as would cover three-
ebrea b9lse fteoet
quarters of an acre of ground. Her decorations are intended
to be in the first style of nautical establishment.

•
The executors of the late Marquis of Hertford have
offered a reward of ten thousand pounds for the recovery of
the certificates of French stock belonging to that nobleman,
and for detaining which, Suisse, the late Marquis's valet,
bas been tried and acquitted.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

" An Episcopalian," on Tuesday.

ebe itherpool otanbarb.

FRIDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 16, 1842.

As members of a commercial community, to us the
most important news, brought by the last mail steamer
from the United States, is the enactment, after all, by
the American Government, of a new and highly restric-
tive tariff. Whilst Great Britain is relaxing her com-
mercial code, in favour of foreign nations, and sub-
mitting her domestic industry to foreign competition,
America is drawing the cordon of protection closer
round the industry of her people; and, except in arti-
cles, to the manufacture of which their skill is not as
yet equal,
and in products to which her climate is not
fitted, is withdrawing herself from competition with
foreign countries. In legislating for the creation of
revenue, too, America and England proceed upon to-
tally opposite principles. America has a deficient
revenue—that revenue, be it remembered, derived en-
tirely from her customs—and to increase it to the level
of her expenditure, she raises her scale of duties. To
effect the same object, this country pursues a totally
°PPosite course. To produce increased revenue, we
lower import duties; and experience has proved to us
that
any other course Would fail in producing the de-
sired effect.

•
Can there, we are inclined to ask, with this contra-
dictory experience before us, be such a thing as a sys-
tem of political economy applicable to all nations alike,
—an infallible theory which ought to guide us in com-
mercial legislation ? Decidedly not. The code of
commercial laws which will enrich and promote the
growth of one country is unfitted for another, differ-
ently circumstanced. An old country abounding in
accumulated capital and in labour seeking to be em-
ployed, requires a treatment totally different to one in
Which labour is scarce and high-priced and capital de-
ficient. Again,' a country possessing a vast territory
requiring cultivation, and repaying the cost of that cul-
tivation, calls for a different treatment to one whose
soil is fully occupied, and no longer repays the outlay
required to bring it into production. Hence the oppo-
site legislature of America and Great Britain—the
arrival at the same results by opposite methods.
Hence, too, the utter impossibility, if nations be wise,
of ever realizing the dream of our political philosophers
free interchange of commodities throughout the
World.

We shall be told that the government of the United
States, by the Tariff which it has just passed, is
retaliating
upon Great Britain for her refusal to
concede a free trade in corn and provisions. We
have been threatened by those in this country, who
understood neither her policy nor her necessities, with
Such a measure of reprisal. The government and
the mass of the population of the United States have
legislated in no such spirit. They would readily, we
doubt not, see such an alteration of our commercial
code as would enable them to pour into the British
markets their surplus agricultural produce ; but they
Cannot, and will not make such concessions in return
as would alone enable Great Britain to think of such a
BteP• They have a deficient revenue which can be made
up by no other measures, short of direct taxation,
except an increase of their import duties. They dread
top, above all other things that competition with the
,cheap labour of Europe into which our Liberal Free-
traders would gladly draw them. They demand pro-
tection for their infant manufactures—protection of
the industry of the people ;—and all the sophistry, all
the Cunningly laid baits which we can offer will not
Induce them to come down from that position.
And who shall say that they are not justified in this
Policy ? If the business of a government is to make
its People
Plhappy and to keep them so, who shall say
that the government of the United States is not fully
that
in refusing to plunge that people into the
beggary which must follow the enormously increased
,ts, contemplated by our free traders, and the
displacement of native industry by which it must be
.atteeded
America can, no doubt, produce a vastly
_increased amount of exportable commodities—chiefly,
however, provisions—to exchange for the large imports
of foreign productions which she is asked to take from
ourselves and other nations. But that beyond her own
territory, or by any means other than the progressive
increase of her own population, she can find a profita-
ble market fcir these commodities is what no one save
a madman can dream of. At this moment the result
of excessive importations is before her eyes—is felt
throughout her entire continent. Baukruptcy, almost
universal, has swept away the property of her mer-
chants,—has damaged her national credit, and para-
lized her industry ; and tempt or taunt her as we may,
'the will not again rush into the same headlong and
,destructive course, from the effects of which she is
but just beginning to recover.
We must not however, in the above remarks, be set
Tariff
as recording our approval of the details of the
lariff before us, or as expressing an opinion that it
will add to the stability of the American Republic.
We regard the duties imposed upon many of the
articles enumerated as extravagantly and absurdly
high ; and we are convinced that America would act
more wisely, in directing her efforts to the develope-
Ment of the vast capabilities of her soil, than con-
tinuing to assert her pretensions to become a ma-
nufacturing nation. With a duty of 20 per cent.
it is virtually admitted that she cannot compete
with the manufacturers of other nations ; and it
must be borne in mind that her own manufactures
are
now advanced beyond the period of infancy.
she has had the advantage of the best machinery
in (1 the best workmen of Great Britain ; and it
t 8 Plain that if, with the raw material within her
‘/. tll hands, and all the advantages which other coun-
:es possess, she cannot maintain herself in the race
ti
competition without protecting duties of 30, 40,
and
1e even 50 per cent., it would be a wise policy to
fa Sign at once the hopeless effort,—before her manu-
fcturing masses become like those of Great Britain,
u unwieldy to be interfered with,—and to direct her
industry into safer and more productive channels.
beltiPlm the very principle which we have noticed, as
eo'ng that which ought to influence the legislation of
their
differently circumstanced with respect to
eaelr internal capabilities, the present Tariff of America
fitrn never be a permanent one—can never increase her
inven..uth as a nation—nay, must, if long persisted in,
b °lve her in convulsion, and lead to the violent
t.
Baking up of her union. The Southern States are
Pbre—,ticing and exporting States. Their policy should
that freedom of intercourse with other countries
whichki our " liberal " philosophers are enamoured of,
wave which the Northern States dread as something
than a pestilence. And when the question of
South., •
,etithe., is again powerfully agitated against the
twee errs Planters—and the treaty just signed be-
n Great
a t'esul Britain and America may lead to such
evert the separation of the Union into two, or
dons three, independent republics—perhaps king-
s—will not be far off.

thertiihe °ng-talked-of treaty between Great Britain and
in rillited States is at length concluded. The points
powtsPute, which so lately threatened to involve two
and soul Countries, allied together by the ties of blood
War ec4nrnon interests, in a devastating and ruinous
to there settled, to the honour of our own country and
have Permanent advantage of America herself. We
have eecured all that, as a reasonable people, we could
than be,ver hoped for from negotiation—more, certainly,
have 'e, could have gained as the issue of war; and we
tnerefore, a heavy debt of gratitude to pay to the
coo; 41,1,1 shed nobleman—Lord Ashburton—by whose
in wi,j.liggliient and firmness, added to the estimation
ver Loch
he is held by the American people and go-
tiontli:,nt, We have arrived at so satisfactory a termina-
serlivoisadniffierneiihtrt;ihnent which lately bore an aspect of
and danger.
°I the give in another part of our paper the substance
iud
afferent heads of the treaty; and, if we may
an i-efi f,1::" he tone in which it is remarked upon by
tionn f ; uential Portion of the American press, ouropi-
one ts advantage to Great Britain is not a solitary
disp, "ith respect to the terms upon which the long-
-011:Alte
trap
-oundary question has been at length settled,
plaint atlantic contemporaries are loud in their com
state The concessions which we have made are
which no De merely nominal ones—concessions from
substantial benefit is derivable by the Ame-
,

rican people, whilst We possess all the solid benefits for
which we have ever contended. In the settlement of
the affair of the Caroline we have abated not a point of
our position—made no redress, such as was loudly and
insolently clamoured for by the American people.
Again, with respect to the case of the Creole, we are
in a similar position. We have justified the step
which we took with regard to that vessel. Finally, we
have procured the recognition of the right of search;
and not only that, but an engagement on the part of
the United States that they will for the future maintain
a fleet upon the seas to co-operate with our own in
putting down the slave trade with the strong hand.
We cannot better conclude our remarks upon this
subject than by quoting the following portion of a
bitter attack upon it in the columns of the Morning
Courier and New York Enquirer. "There has been no
time," exclaims our contemporary, " within the last
thirteen years, that England would not have gladly
acceded to it ;—nay, on the subject of the Slave Trade,
such a Treaty we are convinced, goes far beyond her
warmest aspirations." So say we ; and we render
therefore our warmest gratitude to Lord Ashburton
for this happy result of his labours.

We have pleasure in announcing to the Conserva-
tive electors of Exchange and Castle-street Wards,
that candidates, in every way worthy of their support,
will be prepared to contest the seats of the two Radical
members who at present misrepresent their opinions in
the Council. Upon the success of the Conservative
cause in these two wards, we feel deeply anxious. For
the ejection of the present representatives of those
wards, we would make many sacrifices ; and, we are
therefore happy to see that two gentlemen of sound
Conservative principles—of sound Protestant principles
—men who will not go half way to the end which we
aim at, and then turn back again—will be brought for-
ward, and we trust be returned in the place of those ex-
cellent specimens of liberalism, Messrs. Mellor and
Thomas Bolton.

For Exchange Ward the candidate announced is
John North, jun., Esq.—a gentleman upon whose
value in the Council we need not speak. Mr. North
is gifted with excellent business habits, a large ex-
perience in commercial matters, with a greater amount
of local knowledge than most men have an opportunity
of acquiring; and upon every public question which
has agitated the community amongst which he lives,
for some years past, has been found engaged contend-
ing for the best interests of the inhabitants of our good
old town. For Castle-street ward the candidate is
Mr. T. T. Glazebrook, a gentleman equally sound in
principle with Mr. North, and well calculated to re-
present faithfully and ably the interests of the ward.
Of the proceedings of the remaining wards we have
not such definite information as will justify us in re-
marking in detail. Upon all, however, we would urge
the necessity of exertion. Radicalism is not dead ; is
not even sleeping ;
" The creature's at its dirty work again ;"
is straining every nerve to climb into municipal au-
thority ;—is ready to tread in any path, however miry
and foul to the goal which it seeks; and if Conserva-
tism be now found wanting, we may have cause to re-
gret that lost ground which our utmost exertions
may not enable us to regain.