The Statesman.
London, England, 1815-04-14 00:00:00

TIIE STATESMAN.

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oat those guards that were then deemed indispen-
sible. He censurml very ,overely the predatory sys-
tea of warfare carried on against Atnerica, and par-
ticularly the attack upon Washiiilton, although he
applaeded the conduct of Admiral Cockburn. It
might he wise to destroy the arsenals, but it was al-
most impious to destroy the noble monuments of art.
It was justified as a measure of retaliation ; defen-
sisrretalittion his Lordship perfectly understood, but
offensive retaliation was a modern system of ven-
rem*, little becoming civilization; ,it was defying
the o.rtVneeces uf God and the laws of man; setting
at nought that noble maxim of doing unto others as
we Would they sitoold do onto us, and adopting in
its stead the horrible system of doing 'into others as
they had dime. onto ay.—Tear, hear !)—lf we jus-
-6501 our:elses by the example of our enemies, why
bad we IA scalped the President as they had scalped
the G ,v,-rnor at Verk Town. His Lordship then
juatifi the Government of the United states from
the c N ges brought against it of a spirit of rapacity
and ...erandisement in the first place, in , the attack
uPo Canada. He contended that they had made
tha .attack not for the sake of obtaining and retain-
in., Canada. but because they were unable to cope
w;i ua by sea, enforcing their maritime rights by
Operatinns on land. where the Noble Earl (Ba-
thurst) had admitted we were weakest.—The
Atext accmatien regarded Louisiana. which, it was
said, had been unfairly obtained ; his Lord-
ship went through , the particulars attending
the te'sion of Louisiana by Bonaparte to the
United States, in 1803, contending, that they had
porches d it to relieve themselves from a pressing
and momentous daeger which threatened their, trade
on the Mississippi, of which they gave England due
notice, at the same time assuring her of a disposition
to continue the ha.mony at that time subsisting. Ile
also noticed t ,P protest issued by Spain upon that oc-
casion, which afterwards was withdrawn, when a
proper explanation was given ; at least, the period
of approaching pacification was not the time for
bringing forward a charge resting upon a transaction
that took place ren years ago. The next charge re-
garded %Yost Florida, in faking possession of which
the Americans were charged with new rapacity.—
The fact, however, was, that that territory had only
been taken possession of provisionally. It so hap-
pened, that at the moment when we were making
this charge against the Americans, we were ourselves
in the occupation of West Florida for the purpose of
availing ourselves of it in making war against the
United States. Was this temporary occupation to
be a .1! as a proof of our desire of aggrandisement ?
C old any imprudence be so monstrous, as, during a
nee.aciation to produce sueli articles of charge as
the,f, %c. 0.. Ile would now turn to the last period
of the negociation, aft* the withdrawing our de-
mands. 'l'h?re arose then ail of a sudden, like a
flash from heaveil, a point which no one would have
.ant nitrated ; and if the trui..:ieg forward this peint
had not bee.' nitentlocl wiry. such dreadful conse-
quences, tie should Lave thought it a ma,•er of
amusement. Ile meant the point oft'., uti pussidelis,
by which we hinted to obtain the Penoliscut terlitory.
In 'he correspondence which had been published,
there was the most astonishing superiority in point of
talent en the part of the Americans. He did not
truer'. to throw the alightest imputation on the Com-
ini-itmers. for he believed all their papers were
wn up in Yugland. They bnre few marks of the
co;lectiore wisdom of the Cabinet. That Gentleman,
Mr. Sheridan, who had so often delighted another
House; of which he had been one of the toast brilliant
ornaments, arid who still delighted all who had the
loaminess of knowing him, said of the Treasury Bill',
they %Ore Summer Bills. So these proceedings must
have b.a,n drawn up in summer at a country villa;
and one might safely say of them---

•` Summa procal 'llama calming famant." .
As late as the 31st October last the negociation was
again rinsed ; Ind the result of the delay was the
dreadful swerifice at New Orleans. It was not till
the '3lst November that matters assumed a shape
which was likely to be attended with favourable re.
sults. The very circumstance of the chasm, if any
cause for which he was not aware, justified the mo-
tint, for the correspondence. With regard to the
Treaty itself, there was nothing contained in it but
the cessation of war, and an engagement relative to
the Slave Trade. A machinery of the most curious
land was created for the purpose of determining the
boundaries between our territories and these of the
Americans. • Two Commissioners were appointed
who rou!,! hardly be supposed to come to any agree.
meat on that subject, and if they disagreed the Em-
f►ernr of Itus.ia was to determine which was the mid.
dleof the ;,:tki. Ontario, and where the forty-fifth
degr,,e of latitude, struck the Iroquois River. But
what did the Tr aty i.mit ? It nut only omitted all
the pretensions which 'had been advanced, but there
was na• one cord in it respecting the original cause
of the war, or the question of public law. This he
understood was deemed, on the part of Ministry, an
effort of extraordinary wisdom, it being, it was said,
better to leave these claims out the general foundation
of the public law, than to make them 'the subject of
a separate Convention. To leave those questions on
the foundation of pubic law, was to Inv* them to
the appeal of the sword. It might ba Well to leave
this mutter on the foundation of ptiblic law, were
the two nations agreed as to the application of that
puhlic law, but this was what he had never heard.—
If the Americans disputed the existence of the right
of search, by leaving that question undecided, would
they avoid a future war ? Would it not have been
more wise, instead of wasting the time of negociation
in setting up untenable pretensions, and in bringing
forward imprudent charges, to have made some ar-
rangement which would have secured them from the
(linger likely to arise on the renewal of war; for
every war in Europe would inevitably lead to.war
with America. The Noble Nlarquis then concluded
by moving an Address fur copies and extracts of the
Correspondence between his Majesty's Ministers and
the Plenipotentiaries of the United States, relative to
the late neeociation.

Earl BATHuitsT said, this was a motion of a
(rely orralordinlry nature and if it was understood
that at the conclusion of a peace, the proceedings
du, log the ilegttrialion wore to he published, no one
circ:;mslanre would be more likely.to prevent n peace.
All argumunrs esed.by a neguciator in 'the course of
'he no;ocia!ion, tuUtt be a matter of reproach to

him if he thought proper to relax in his demands,
and this might be a catqe of the prolongation of war.
Another objection to such a practice was, that it had
a tendency to revive many, questions which ought for
ever to be buried in oblivion. Ile entered on this
question with reluctance; and he hoped he should
' not in the course of debate make use of any expres-
sion which would be construed into a wish on his
part to hurt the feelings of America. Ile was the
more afraid of this, as there was unfortunately in
' America a strong party adverse to this country;
and in this country there was a strong party
adverse to America. It was said that it was
the bounden duty of this country to embrace
Ithe earliest opportunity of terminating the war
with honour. ' In this he was ready to agree
with the Noble Marquis. The Noble' Marquis had
termed the instructions given to the American Com-
missioners moderate. To show that they were not
so, he would state the u►structions given to those
Commissioners at the time that they desired the me.
!diation of Russia. The first nos, that the flag should
pro:ect the crew, in other words, thal the British
should have no right of search ; the second, that the
right of blockade should he defined, that was, that a
neutral should be allowed to trade between the co-
lonies and the parent state of a belligerent, and to
carry on the coasting trade of a belligerent ; the last
was to demand an indemnity for loss, by requiring
from Great Britain payment for all . American
vess.,ls condemned under the Orders 1* touticii.—
In June following the American Commissioneri re-
ceived another instruction, stating, that notwith-
standing the repeal of the Orders in Council, it
was highly important that the controversy of
blockade should he settled in the same manner as
that of the impressment of seamen. There was an
additional instruction, that should the restitution of
territory be agreed upon, then that the boundaries
of both countries should be more accurately defined.
This last circumstance admitted no construction but
that the American Government had contemplated the
probability that a treaty of peace might bi concluded
without any restitution of territory, although at that
time they expected the conquest of a part of Upper
Canada. We declined the mediation of the Emperor
of Russia, on the ground that it was unfit to allow
any foreign Power to intermeddle with our maritime
rights. The American Government received our de-
termination in January, 1814. They immediately
instructed the Commissioners at Ghent in the same
manner as the American Commissioner+ had been
before instructed. The Noble Marquis had charged
his Majesty's Government with delay in the conclu-
sion of the Treaty. The circumstance which info-
endel his Majesty's Government to delay the com- '
mencement of toe uegnciNtion which issued in that
Treaty, was their wish that the intelligence of the
recent events in Europe should reach the American
Government, and induce them to commence that ne-
gotiation in a spirit calculated to produce a happy
result. Adverting to the last point—the terms of
the Treaty itself, he contended that we had obtained
important objects both In the settlement of the
boundary line, and in the provisions stipulated for in
favour of the Indians, end in opposition to the
Noble Marquis's assertion, maintained, that at the
outset of the negotiation the Commissioners were
not prepared to give up tha► which they conceded it
the close. The time occupied in the negociatinn,
after the partial publication of the proceedings by
the American Government, was taken up by the dis-
cussion of the Protocol of the American Commis-
sioners; but . although the partial publication by
America, to which he bad just alluded, was evident. •
ly for the purpose of exciting hostility in the United
States against Great Britain, he would not, by any
detailed statement of the contents of the American
Protocol, endeavour to excite hostility in Great
Britain against the United States. The Noble Earl
concluded by defending the conduct of our brave
army awl their gallant Commander at Washington.
At the moment that our victorious army was entering
that city, an attempt was made to assassirfirte their
leader, who was at the very moment exhorting them
to respect the lives and property of the inhabitants.
In the tirst ebullition of resentment, the house, from
which the attempt proceeded, was destroyed ; but
the voice of our brave Commander restraining the
fury of his troops, was soon listened to, and no pri-
vate property was subsequently injured by the British
army.

STANHOPE said, that as he thought it
highly desirable to obtain the fullest information
upon the causes which had originally led to the Ame-
can war, he should certainly support the motion of
the Noble Marquis for papers which niight commu-
nicate that information.

The !louse then divided, when the numbers were,

Contents, 50—Non-Contents, 83.

Adjourned.

HC•USE OF COMMONS.
There being only twenty-uitte Membess present at
four o'clock, the /louse adjourned to this day.

FRENCH PAPERS.

PARIS, APRIL 9..—This day the Emperor re-
viewed twenty regiments of cavalry and infantry, and
addressed them in the following words :
" SOLDI ERS have just heard the news that
the tri-coloured flag is Hying at Thoulouse, at
Montpelier, and in all the South.--The Com-
mandants and the garrisons of Perpignan and of
Bayonne had formally announced, that they would
not obey the orders given by the Duke of Angou-
leme to deliver up these places to the Spaniards, who
besides hare since made known that they would not
interfere in our affairs. The white flag flies only in
the single city of Marseilles ; but before the end of
this week the people of that great city, oppressed by
the violence of the royalist party, will have resumed
all their rights. Results so great and so prompt are
' due to the patriotism which animates all.the nation,
and to the recollections which you have preserved of
me. If during one year unfortunate circumstances
have obliged os to relinquish the tri-coloured cockade,
it ever remained in our hearts. It now becomes
again our rallying sign—we will not abandon it but
with our life."

[The Emperor was interrupted by these words,
which were repeated by every atolatit" Yes, we
swear."]

" Soldiers !" resumed the Emperor, " we will
not interfere in theaffairs of other nations ; but woe
to them who would interfere with ours, to treat us
like Genoa or Geneva, and to impose on us laws,
such as the nation does not wish for. Thry evill
find on our frontiers the heroes of Marengo, of Aus-
terlitz, of Jena. They will meet there the whole
population, and if they have GOO,OOO men, we will
oppose them with two millions."
[The warmest acclamations here interrupted the
Emperor.]
" I approve," added he, " what you have &lie,
to ally yourselves again to the tri-coloured flags. It
shall be in the Champ du Mai alone, and in the pre-
sence of the assembled nation, that I will restore
those Eagles which have been so often made illus-
trious by your valour, and which havo seen the ene-
mies of France fly before them.
" Soldiers !—The French people and myself rely
on you. Do you rely on the people and on me."
The most exalted explosion of enthusiasm followed
this Address.

COURIER EXTRAORDINARY, MONDAY MORNING.

On the 29th, the news of the entry of Napoleon
into Paris was received at Vienna. It produced a
great sensation.
When the arrival of the Emperor was learned at
Ancona, the cannon of the fort was fired, and the
town was illuminated.

On the 4th, several persons were arrested at Lyons,
nccused of having endeavoured to favour the revolted
Provenca lc.

On the 9th of March, a sedition broke out at
Constantinople, excited by the Janissaries. This
soldiery, on slight motives, assassinated their Chief.
It appears that the Congress will be at Frankfort
on the t2uth.

LETTER TO THE PRINCE OF ECEMUII 1., MINISTER
AT WAR..

Head-quarters, at Tltoalnuse, April 4. 1815.

' 46 MONSEIGNEUR,-1 received the Emperor's or-
ders and your's on the Ist of April. Informed of
the wonderful events which have pasted in such ra-
pid succession since the Ist of March, I would not
have waited for orders, to give the Emperor a new
proof of my sentiments; but I had around me only
a small number of officers and soldiers. I was in a
city of 50,000 souls, where the presence of a Baran
Vitrolles, pretended Commissioner of the King, re-
pressed the zeal of good citizens who are the great
majority. My force was small ; Baron Vitrolles
increased his by levies, which, though not nume-
rous, and ill commanded, still produced him some
companies.
46 It was in these circumstances that Count de Da-
mas
Crux arrived at 'Toulouse, and was soon fol-
lowed by Marshal P'rignou, whom the Duke d'An-
gouleme appointed to the command of the 10th divi-
sion. This appointment appeared to me singular ;
but as Marshal Perignon received my communica-
tions coldly,•' I felt convinced that this coldness,
which did not escape the Royalist party, increased
its confidence. I thence concluded that delay was
dangerous.
Foor companies of artillery, which they dlo•
spiked of attacliag to a muse totally loot, wire re.
turning from Nismea to Thoolouse. Baron Vi-
ttolles, through the medium of Marshal 'Perignon,
issued orders for their retrograding on Narbonne. I
eluded this order, and sent intelligent officers to tell
the companied to come to Thoolouse'as speedily as
possible, in spite of the orders of Marshal Perignon,
which I took upon myself to disregard. My arrange.
tnents being thus made, I this morning at day-break
caused Baron Vitrolles to be arrested, and am midi*
an inventory of his papers, 1-also arrested the Count
de Dames.

" I forthwith repaired to Marshal Perignon's ; as
his powers ceased the moment f received those of the
Emperor, I proposed to him to pt himself at the head
of the movement which I wns prepbring, voluntarily
offering to sacrifice to him the honour of the day.—
The Marshal having shuttled apt] shown weakness,
I did not press him ; l myself gave the signal, and
■t five in the morning the tri-coloured flag was ftoat-
ing on the ste.•;)les and public buildings ; at the same
hour the garrison resumed the national cockade, with
the acclamations of an immense multitude.

" It is now mid-day ; no excess has been com-
mitted, no symptom of opposition appears.•
" Count de St. Aulaire, Prefect of this Depart-
ment, has conducted hiinstdf well. Messrs. D'lmas
and Vitrolles have demanded permission to d •part.
I have left M. de Damas, whose capacity is tint dan.
gerous, at liberty to pursue his route for Spain.
As to M. de Vitrolles, I have thought it important
to detain him on account of the character he display.
ed here, and the infamous conduct he pursued. I
await in regard to him the orders of the Emperor.
" Generals Cassagne and Cassau seconded me
perfectly in this affair. I have given the latter the
command of Thoulouse, as the population is nu-
merous, and as that General seems mime a well.
organized head,—l have, &c.

" Count dr LABORDE, Lieut.-Geo."

Lirovs, APRIL 7.—" General Corbineau, Aid-
de-Camp of the Emperor, has arrived in our city.—
The crowd of National Guards coming from Bur-
gundy was such, tlu't couriers were obliged to be
sent to countermand their march.

" Lieut.-General Grouchy has gone to Valence:
Lieutenant-General Pire must he at this time with
the advanced-guard at Avignon. The rash enterprize
of the Duke d'Angouleme may be considered as ter-
minated. It will only have served to show the at•
tachment of our city to the Emperor) and that of
Dauphine and Burgundy.

EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORT M ADE TO TILE MINISTER

OF WAR BY TILE SUB•PREFECT OF VALENCE.

46 On the 3d of April, at seven o'clock in the
morning, the troops of the South arrived within sight
of Valence ; they were preceded by a Staff-Major,
consitsing of the Duke. d'Angoulente, Lieutenant-
General Datiltanne, blarshal•de.Camp Dtmas, &c.
who were all lodged in the city. The Duke d'Att-
gouleme, immediately moved, .et the head of 12 to
1500 men, on the road Of Vilit!llCi Greer-He.
" The next day, the 4th April, the Duke d'Angoe.
leme gave audience, named a new Prefect, displaced
me, and then replaced me: no military movement
took place: some companies of volunteers arrived