The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-08-16 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.

By the packet►ship Roscius, which arrived here at an early
hour this morning from America, we have received New York
papers to the 25th ult. inclusive, being four days later than
those brought by the transient ship Hollmgeur.
The Herald of the 25th states that they have direct intel-
ligence from Washington that the long-disputed boundary
question is very nearly, if not finally, settled.
The result of the negotiations is stated to be this :—The
United States commence the line at the head lake of the St.
Croix river, run it directly north to Mars Hill, thence due
north, tilt it strikes the St. Johns river, at a point a few
miles above the Great Falls. We then run the line along the
course of the St. Johns River, until it meets the St. Francis
River. The line then runs up the St. Francis until it reaches
the southern outlet of the upper lake on the St. Francis.
This is the most northerly point of the line. The line then
runs south west and by south for 100 miles in a straight
line, at a distance"of 25 feet from the base of the mountains
skirting the St. Lawrence river, until it strikes the N. W.
branch of the river St. Johns. It then runs due south for
about 30 miles, until it strikes the S. W. branch of the St.
John's river ; after this it follows the course of that branch
up to its source in the mountains, close to the source of the
Penobscot and Metgarmette rivers, and terminates at the
precise point where the south westerly termination of the
three lines previously drawn by the United States, Great
Britain, and the King of the Netherlands, were made to ter-
minate.

The line, in short, varies scarcely a mile either way from
that laid down on our map as the line defined by the King of
the Netherlands. The tract which we have given on the
north-eastern border of Maine is valuable to Great Britain,
as strengthening her military position, but is not of much
importance to us. The extent of the territory can be easily
seen from the map.
The General Government are to reimburse Maine for her
expenses in defending the disputed territory, and Massachu-
setts is to receive 150,000 dollars from the United States, for
her portion of the land which is to be given up.
We get Rouse's Point on Lake Champlain, and the navi-
gation of St. John's River above the Falls; but, as we have
no access to them below the Falls, the free navigation of that
river, under these circumstances, is worth but little.
Lord Ashburton, Mr. Webster and Massachusetts Com-
missioners have all agreed to this arrangement. The Maine
Csmmissioners have only partially yielded ; they wish to
avoid responsibility, and are willing to let this treaty be
decided by the United States Senate.
The locofocos are opposed to this treaty, whether from
party or patriotic motives we shall see in a few days.
The steam-ship Acadia arrived at Boston at midnight on
the 21st instant, having experienced, during the first ten
days, very Tough weather, with strong head winds. The
British Queen was hourly expected at New York. It will
probably amuse our readers to hear what sort of speculations
our Yankee friends some time indulge in. The Herald, in
announcing the expected arrival of the British Queen, states
that that vessel may bring intelligence of Sir Robert Peel's
death, for he was very sick on the 6th instant, and perchance,
also, the death of the King of France.
The Money Market was in the same condition. The re-
mainder of the news is meagre in the extreme. We cannot
find another circumstance worth transcribing.

The royal mail steam-ship Acadia, Captain Ryrie, arrived
here on Saturday morning, baying sailed from Boston on the
afternoon of the Ist, and Halifax on the 3d. She has made
the whole passage in 11 days and 10 hours, bringing between
30 and 40 passengers.
The reports of the adjustment of the boundary question
are confirmed by the papers brought by this vessel; and the
amicable settlement of the long-agitated dispute is viewed in
the States with great satisfaction.
The following money article, from the New York Ameri-
can of the Ist instant, presents an admirable summary of the
intelligence necessary to lay before our readers :
The occurrence of chief interest since our last, of the 15th
instant, is the conclusion of the negotiation between the Se-
cretary of State and the British Special Minister, Lord Ash-
burton. As yet no publicity has been given to the terms of
the convention, for there may be more than one agreed upon
by the negotiators, nor can there be until the Senate shall
have passed their judgment upon the results of their labours
and ratified or rejected them. The fact, however, that, as
respects the North-eastern boundary question, the commis-
sioners from Massachusetts and those from Maine, who were
fully empowered by their respective states to bind them to
any terms which the said commissioners should approve, are
known to have assented to the arrangement agreed upon by
the negotiators, leaves little room for doubt that the Senate
will confirm what the states mainly interested have thus con-
sented to.

The article, moreover, from the National Intelligencer of
yesterday we have reason to know states accurately the na-
ture of the settlement, which must be looked upon by both
sides as satisfactory.
It must, however, in fairness, be added, that large num-
bers among us will see with regret any arrangement that shall
render war impossible. The private and wide-spread distress
in the country, the want of markets for overflowing agricul-
tural products, and the want of employment, or even of the
hope of employment, on the part of tens of thousands of
young and ardent men to whom any change would bring ex-
citement, if not relief, present very inflammable materials
upon which the arts of designing demagogues may operate
with fatal suecess, against the final ratification of the treaty.
By our constitution, the whole treaty-making power is con-
fined to the President and the Senate. If, therefore, these
two branches of the Federal Government shall speedily dis-
pose of the subject, and ratify what has been done, there will
be little scope or opportunity for bringing out-door influence
to bear upon the decision; but if the matter is suffered to
hang, and meantime, erroneous and exaggerated statements
are circulated, as such will be, of what has been conceded
or what obtained in this negotiation, and the popular passions
and prejudices are roused, the issue will be more doubtful.
Nevertheless, we belive, as we certainly hope, that all will
be well, and that, in a few weeks at furthest, we shall be
able to exchange congratulations with our English readers,
that, between our two countries, henceforth, no diplomatic
or political controversies exist.

In all other political and financial matters we remain in
statu quo. The Tariff Bill, which, after the rejection of the
Temporary Revenue Bill by the President, was laboriously
perfected by the House of Representatives, is now under de-
bate iu the Senate. Should it pass that body, its fate at the
hands of the Executive is conceded to be uncertain.

Meantime; the Custom-house, under an opinion of the
Attorney-General, collects revenue at the rate of 20 per cent
ad valorem upon all imports, calculated at the place of land-
ing, and payable in cash. The duties, however, are paid
under protest.
The state of Pennsylvania seems, we regret to be obliged
to say, hastening on in a downward path. Not only does her
Legislature persist in refusing adequately to tax the property
of the state for the maintainence of its plighted faith, but
they have followed the bad lead of some younger and less
wealthy states, by the enactment of what is commonly called
a "stay law," which, in effect, for the time being deprives
the creditor of the remedy guaranteed to him by the laws
against the property of his debtor. From the principal sec-
tion of this law it appears, that both real and personal pro-
perty are protected by it for one year from process of
summary execution. The law was approved by the Governor
on the 16th instant. It is with feelings of deep humiliation
we record this evidence of dishonesty against the great state;
but there is no other mode of escaping a share of responsi-
bility for such acts of any of onr American common-wealths,
united as we are by a common bond, than by pnbicly branding
them as dishonest, and disclaiming all part or parcel in them.
The Legislature of the state adjourned on Tuesday night.
Their last act was to pass a law imposing a tax of 1,000,000
dls. upon the assessed property of the state ; but the pro-
ceeds, estimated at from 500,000 dls. to 1,000,000 dls. annually,
are first appropriated to domestic creditors ; and as these
demands exceed 2,000,000 dls., nothing can, for some time
at least, be derived from this tax for the payment of interest
on the public debt.

The stocks of the states that pay interest have advanced,
while those of our local incorporated institutions have de-
clined. _ _

The banks in this city have little employment for their
capital. . _

A 7 per cent. loan, issued by the city of New York,
redeemable in 1825, to pay the temporary debt incurred by
the Water Commissioners, has been taken at par, and is now
held at 1 per cent., at which small sales are daily made.
Our domestic exchanges are without much change, except
on Alabama, which daily gets worse, without any prospect of
improvement.

Our advices from there confirm us in the opinion formerly
expressed, that the majority of the next legislature will be in
favour of winding up the banks, and levying aisufficient tax
to pay the interest which may hereafter become due, instead
of depending on the profits of the banks.
If this should be done, there will be no ultimate loss to
the billholders, as the state is liable for. the whole circulation ;
and the two joint-stock banks in the state are abundantly
able to meet all demands.

Our harvests, though deficient in some parts of the coun-
try, on the whole are superabundant, and the surplus will,
probably, be larger than ever yet known.
Every thing almost is at a stand among the mercantile
community on the seaboard. The contraction of the cur-
rency and the depreciation of bank paper present remittan-
ces, and render it almost impossible to collect, even ftom
those who possess property far exceeding the amount of their
liabilities, without compelling sacrifices that debtors appear
determined not to submit to.