The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-07-15 00:00:00

Mr. Schoales, Queen's counsel, stated the case for the
prosecution.
Two police constables proved the finding the riband docu-
ments in a trunk belonging to the prisoner.
Peter Tally examined by Mr. Schoales—ln the month of
April last a man named Keenan spoke to me in the market
of Granard. He asked me would I like to get on. He
brought me into a room where there were five or six persons.
The prisoner was in the room. I did not know him before.
Was introduced to him by Keenan. The prisoner was to
make me a ribandman, but I would not accept of it. Keenan
said to prisoner, " Here is a man I can recommend." The
prisoner seemed to think well of it. We talked a little upon
the riband business. The prisoner said he was a ribandman.
He said he was head man among them. There was some
talk of towns. The prisoner mentioned the towns of Scrabby,
Granard, Arvagh, and Edgeworthstown, round to the Cal-
lows' side. He also mentioned the county of 'W estmeath,
and said he had some power over these places. Keenan said
something of people sending cattle to Lord Lorton to graze,
which Keenan complained of. The prisoner said he would
come down to Keenan's and settle the affair. Mr. Howley
and the police then came in and searched us all, but finding
no papers went away. After Mr. Howley and the police
were gone, M`Canna was very angry with them for searching
us, and with Mr. Howley, for bringing about things that
happened about five or six years ago. .141` Canna also said lie
would haae a stock purse made, and have some of them taken
down.

To the prisoner—I had not known you before that day.
Keenan said, " This is the man I was speaking to you
about." You said " Very well." Keenan spoke to you
about getting me on. I don't think it a fair question to ask
me if ever I was a ribandman.
The Court told witness he was not bound to answer that
question.
Witness—l suppose I was stopped being made by Mr.
Howley coming in. I said nothing about Michael Gill. I
had not seen Mr. Howley that day until he came in. I had
no conspiracy to get up evidence for Michael Gill. You
said you would have a stock purse made to take Mr. Howley
and some of them down. You said you were head man of
Scrabby and Arvagh, and the other places. I had no
to you, and never lodged informations against you. I was
served with a summons to come here. I never said if I got
back I would set Michael Gill free again, as I did for the
murder. I never spoke to you of the evidence I made for
Gill. Keenan and you both said you were head men over
the town of Granard. I did not swear by the contents of
anything after Mr. Howley went out, or demand whisky. I
might have boasted of snapping a paper, after they went out.
I think I did snap the paper from the policeman. It was an
old process the policeman had taken out of my pocket.
P. C. Howley, Esq. resident magistrate, examined by Mr.
Fox—Witness went on the 25th of April last to the house of
a man named Hourigan, in Granard, and found five persons
at a table in a room there. The prisoner, Tally, and Keenan
were three of them. Searched them, but found nothing
treasonable on their persons. These are the passwords
(identified the paper found in the lid of the trunk, on which
they were written).
James Hagan, examined by Mr. Henderson-1 am a na-
tive of Sligo. I know of the existence of a secret society
which was known by the name of the Sons of the Shamrock
or ribandism. lam upwards of 16 years a member of that
society. When I was made I was sworn on my knees to 14
articles. The first article was—
" I do declare, in the presence of Almighty God, that I
am here to join the Sons of the Shamrock of my own free
will and accord.

" 2nd—That I will not buy anything from a heretic or
orangeman, when I can get the same as good and cheap from
a brother."

There were 12 other articles. The society were known by
secret signs and passwords. (The witness here repeated the
passwords mentioned in the third and fourth counts of the
indictment, which were the passwords for last October.)
The passwords are changed four times a year. There are
different officers of the society. The county deleghte is
highest ; next parish-masters, next committee or council
men, and lowest of all the common members. The re.
newals are made by the county delegates. I was a county
delegate for Sligo and partly for Longford. Was at a meet-
ing of delegates on the 26th of December last, at Derrymore,
county of Armagh. There was one delegate there from
Monaghan and two from Armagh. I sent " goods," which
mean passwords, to Longford, about the 13th of January
last. The passwords tar last October are written in this
copy-book.
By the Court.—l think I can't read them out of the copy-
book they are so badly written.
To Mr. HENDERSON.—I can't say that the words written
on this paper (which was the paper found in the lid of the
trunk) are passwords. I think they are the Leinster pass-
words. There are Ulster and Leinster societies, which are
quite different and opposed to each other. Both societies
are exclusively Roman Catholic.

[The witness here, after some time, was enabled to read
the greater part of the passwords written in the copy-book,
which he did.] .
....

To Mr. Henderson.—The words I have just read are part
of the October passwords, mentioned in the third and fourth
counts of the indictment. The objects of the society were
directly opposed to orangeism. If any member of the society
was dispossessed of his land, and any one else took it, he
would not get long to live. if you annoyed any of the so-
ciety you would get a good hiding, if you got off with that.
In such cases a meeting was called by the parish master, who
directed what was to be done to the people giving offence.
I have made, I am sure, 2000 members from 1825 to 1831,
which was before I became a delegate. It is the parish mas-
ter's not the delegate's duty, to make members. About one-
third of the lower class in this country are ribandmen. This
county and Sligo belongs to the Ulster society, and have no
connection with the Leinster society. I have known several
foreigners at the meetings of the delegates. There was one
from France in 1838, and one from America in December
last. They could make themselves known to us. The dele-
gates can make themselves known to each other without the
common members knowing how. I don't consider myself
now to belong to that society. I gave it up when I was ar-
rested, and five papers taken which were built up in the wall.
The information was close. The October passwords were
settled at Middletown, in the county of Armagh. I was in
.!1(:)l when they were made. I sent my parish master to the
Te eting, and he delivered the passwords to me, and I sent
them to Denis Lee, to be distributed in this county.
To the prisoner. —I turned to save myself and family.
After I was first arrested— I did business as a delegate, and
meet-
ing of the 26th
the Crown
the Middletown m
knowingher it.
Thomas M`Kenan was delegate for ,
Longford.
meeting was adjoureneteing
ofevere eight delegates who sat at the meet-
December, at Derrymore. It was when
was held that I was in gaol. That
given out, and
meeting at u!br dhto Keady, where the passwords were
t to me by my parish master. The
MiddletownDerr alas fixed at the meeting at Derry-
gollen, and the ?Roose meeting was fixed in Wood's
house, in Irish-street
To the Court.— The rwmaygbi know that the passwords
written in the copy-book wagiirveeflivten out at the Middletown
meeting is, that they were
I sent the October passwords to .:. me by my parish master.
The case for the prosecution halTtrica.
The prisoner examined a roan named
dsed here.
i(
sister Rose M`Canna, and endeavoured to eenan, and his
prove
rebellious document came accidentally into prios that the
His lordship then addressed the jury, who 11
retul• ned a Possession.
verdict
of Guilty.
wcanna was sentenced to seven years' transportation.

The four peers who formed the minority against the second
reading of the Tariff Bill, in the House of Lords last week
were the Dukes of Richmond and Buckingham, Earl Stan.
Elope, and Lord Beaumont.

- - " " In his manner and address the Duke was always frank,
and, when he pleased, dignified and graceful. Easy of
access, the soldier's comp:aint was as attentively listened to
as the remonstrance of the general. If a favour were re-
quired, it was promptly granted, or as decisively refused;
and on the merits of a statement, when once a decision was
made, influence would be used in vain, and entreaty pass
unheeded.

" In personal simplicity, the Duke's costume was in keep-
ing with his character. He despieed everything like parade,
and, excepting when their services were necessary, dispensed
with the attendance of his staff. Nothing could be more
striking than the plainness of his appearance in public,
when contrasted with the general frippery and parade of his
opponents; and the peasantry could scarcely be persuaded
that the unpretending personage who courteously listened to
their story, or returned a passing salute, was the great
captain whom conquest had attended from the Tagus to the
Seine. _ _

estimating
comparetingtheh
militaryeiter
with any othertalentsofNap molceooni:nanalid
dIN of
to
the age would be absurd—to the former, a superiority has
been generally conceded for the decision with which he fol-
lowed up a defeat, and the important consequences which
always were attendant upon his victories. Both were ad-
mitted to have possessed an inimitable skill in handling
masses of men, with the same facility that ordinary com-
manders directed the movements of a brigade. Their com-
binations were beautiful—their conceptions grand—they
were not the laboured efforts of military art, but the out-
breakings of military genius—formed in a moment—executed
as rapidly—changed, should circumstances require, and
adapted to meet the emergency that might arise. If \Vel-
lington did not push his victories to grand results, let us in-
quire the causes ; and when Napoleon's military improvisa-
tion is declared unequalled, let us see how far Wellington's
was behind.

" The circumstances under which these two great com-
manders conducted their campaigns were different ; for
Napoleon had never Wellington's difficulties to contend
with. The former was a free agent. His battles were deli-
vered to clear away obstacles that impeded an advance, while
Wellington's were generally received to enable him to main-
tain a position in the country. Napoleon, when victorious,
had always the means in hand to push his success, and secure
the fruits of conquest. Wellington's battles were frequently
defensive; and the heavy repulses which masterly combina-
tions enabled him to inflict were unadorned with the trophies
which accompany a bold advance ; and often his most bril-
liant fields were followed by regressive movements, which
always follow a defeat, and rarely attend on victory.
" That Wellington possessed within himself the rapid re-
sources and daring confidence which mark a great com-
mander, his conduct when placed in dangerous positions, or
at the crisis of a doubtful day, will best establish.-l- What
operations could me more masterly than his retreat across
the Tacrus4.- or his advance across the Douro? What act
more daring than to hold the height of Guinaldo with two
weak divisions, within cannon shot of an army strong enough,
not to defeat, but annihilate him ? Look at the sudden ruin
inflicted on Marmont at Salamanca—the seizure of Arinez§—
the counter-stroke at Sauroren ! Follow the footsteps of the
Peninsular army from Rolica to Toulouse. Commence his
history at Assaye, and close it on the night of Waterloo.
Test his military character by his acts—let him then dispute
the palm with Napoleon—and who will pronounce him second
to any general of the age ?
" In the prime of manhood, Wellington's appearance indi-
cated both activity and strength. In height be was nearly
five feet ten inches ; his shoulders were broad, his chest ex-
pansive, his arms long; the hand large but well formed; the
wrist unusually bony; the whole frame-work evincing a
capability of enduring the extremity of fatigue. The keen
gray eyes were brilliant, and his sight remarkable acute.
His face was long, the features striking ; the nose acquiline ;
the brow open and developed ; and ' the lower portion of the
face contradicting, in a singular manner, the stern and al-
most iron expression of all above the mouth.'
" The general expression of the duke's face was cheerful.
In, probably, the most trying moment of his career, when
the failure of the attack on the great breach at Badajoz was
communicated, he was observed to be pale, but perfectly
collected.' In the hour of Ilia triumph, when he had ascer-
tained the extent of his conquest, and found that the laurels
of Salamanca were added to his wreath, the admirable his-
torian of his wars II thus describes him as he stood :---, I
saw him late in the evening of that great day, when the ad-
vancing flashes of cannon and musketry, stretching as far
as the eye could command, showed in the darkness how well
the field was won ; he was alone—the flush of victory was
on his brow, and his eyes were eager and watchful, but his
voice was calm and even gentle. More than the rival of
Marlborough, since he had defeated greater warriors than
Marlborough ever encountered, with a prescient pride he
Teemed only to accept this glory as an earnest of greater

" What he is now, the portrait taken especially for this
work will faithfully depict.
" Seventy-one winters have shed their snows upon his
honoured head, and those iron nerves which war and climate
could not shake, have felt the hand of time, and owned his
power—but, though the frame has yielded, the mind retains
its vigour, and the heart beats firmly as it once did upon the
battle-field. Like the oak of that proud ship which bore
the flag of Nelson, decay is placed upon the surface, but the
core remains intact. True to his country, that voice which
turned ' the heady fight' to victory, still gives its fearless
counsels in the senate—uninfluenced by party predilection,
and reckless whether its honest sentiments accord with po-
pular opinion, or provoke the clamour of the crowd.
" When a century shall have passed away; when beauty
fades into kindred dust. statesmen are forgotten, the rotten-
ness of demagogues is exposed, and a new generation won-
ders only how a past one could be fooled—in the page of
England's history one name will stand out in bold relief—
and one consenting voice pronounce—that the greatest soldier
Britain had produced, was Arthur, Duke of Wellington."

" * Napier. '
" t ' As for the Englishman's hardiness and enterprise,
bear witness the passage of the Douro at Oporto, the capture
of Ciudad Rodrigo, the storming of Badajoz, the surprise of
the forts at Marabete, the march to Vittoria, the passage of
the Bidassoa, the victory of the Nivelle, the passage of the
Adour below Bayonne, the fight of Orthez, the crowning
battle of Toulouse ! To say that he committed faults is only
to say that he made war; but to deny him the qualities of a
great commander is to rail against the clear mid-day sun for
want
many +
By the Bridge of Orzobispo.
hefoouwg lifte,wv oi
eft ohriiso usin combinationsallt
"§ At Vittoria. ,
" ii Colonel Napier.'
obfa light.ttles How

The Limerick Board of Guardians have resolved to dismiss
any of the paupers who refuse to eat rice.
POPERY UNCHANGED.—The liberalism of the day must
indeed be possessed of gigantic influence, nay, of power equal
to omnipotence, if, as we are repeatedly told, she has actually
effected a mutation for the better in that which ever was, and
still remains, " infallible." Mad, and worse than mad,
must the people of England be, if, with the broad-blown
banner of haughty Rome flaunting to their gaze, with the
blood-dyed inscription, " mower eadein," burning in cha-
racters of flame upon it, the conviction of the solemn truth
flashes not across their mind with irresistible energy,—that
the same measure she meted out in the plenitude of her
power to our martyred forefathers will she measure out to us,
should wheer,
dbeysopuotriclestwhaarygyinotrhiemsepilelitgyh,
isyu.ffraevr houerredagiaslin antdos.el -
From Gem. of Protestant Truth.