The Statesman.
London, England, 1810-03-08 00:00:00

HV, STATESMAN•

Affairs in Holland, the determination tibia the ,
Actual state of Europe compels his Majesty to
adopt. If this determination be of a nature bn-
favourable to the wishes of tho Dutch, his Ma-
jesty feels much concern in adopting it; but the
irrevocable destiny by which the affairs of this
world are directed, whit* wilt that men should
bend to circumstances, obliges his Majesty to
proceed with firm steps-in the measures, the ne.
cessity of which is evident, Is ithout suffering him-
self to be turned aside by secondary considera-
tions.
" His Majesty, in placing one of his brothers
on the throne of Holland, could not suppose that
England would dare openly to proclaim the prin.
elide of eternal war, and that in order to carry it
on, she would adopt, as the basis of her legisla-
tion, the monstrous principles which have dictated
her Orders in Council of November 1807. Until
then, her maritime Code was certainly resisted by
France, and.rejected by Neutrals; but still it did
not entirely exclude navigation, and left sense sort
of independence to maritime countries. The com-
mon cause was not much injured by the trade be.
tween Holland and Engrain!, carried on by the
medium of neutrals, or under their Bag. Mar-
seilles, Bourdeaux, Antwerp, possessed the same
athantage. Entitled was still obliged to act cir-
cumspectly towards the Americans, Russians,
Prussians, Swedes, and Danes, which nations
formed a kind of tie between Powers separated by
the sea.

" The fourth Coalition Ott an end to this state
of affairs. England hawing succeeded in uniting
against France, Russia, Prussia, and Sweden, nu
longer found herself under the necessity of pro-
ceeding so guardedly. It was then, by a perver.
sion of words and things, she took upon herself
to silence and annul, by a mere decree of blockade,
all neutral rights. His Majesty was ohli:icd to
make reprisals, and, on his arrival at Berlin, he
retorted the blockade of France, by declaring the
blockade of the British Islands. Neutrals parti.
cnlarly the Americans, called for explanation on
this measure. They were told, that although the
absurd plan of blockading an entire state was an
intolerable usurpation, his Majesty would re.
strict himself to put an end to the English
trade on the Continent; that neutral, sags
would be respected ; that his ships of war and
privateers would not molest the sailing of nee.
trots, as the. Decree was only to be executed on
land. But this execation of it, which obliged.
him to shut the ports of Holland to the. British
trade, affected the mercantile intereSts of the
IF Dutch people,. and was opporite to their old ha-
bits—first source of the ,secret opposition which
ibeion tr prevail between France and the Detch.
His Majesty then foresaw eith regret, that the
King of Hollatid•would have to make his elec.
Lion between his first and most iinprescriptible
; his duty towards the Itepetial Throne, and
the mercantile opinion of the Dutch_ nation, His
,Imperial Majesty, uotwithstanding, clothed him.
'self with patience, and shut his eyes, expecting
that some happy event would 'arise, which would
relieve his brother from the painful alternative in
which ho was thus placed. • -
" In the mean time, the peace of Tilsit took
place. The Emperor of Russia, provoked by
the -outrages that Eiigland offered his flag, while
he was fighting on her side, and indignant at the
horrible attack on Copenhagen, made common
cause with France..
" France then hoped that England would hence-
forth see the inutility .of a •longer struggle, atsz
that she would listen to. terms of accommodation;
but these hopes soon vanished. At the time they
disappeared, England, as if the Copenhagen Ex-
pedition•bad driven all shame from her and broke
all restraints, disclosed her plans, and published
her Orders in Council ; a tyrannical and arm.
Crary proceeding, that excited the indignation
of all Europe. By this act, England determined
what kinds of cargoes foreign ships were to carry,
obliged them to touch at her ports before they ar-
rived at their destination, and subjected them to
the payment of , a duty. Thus she rendererl her.
self niistress of the riaalgation of the world, no
longer recognized the independence of any marl.
time nation, made all countries tributary to heil•
subjected them to her laws, would not allow them
to trade but for her profit, established her reve-
nues out the industry of nations and on the pro.
duce of their territories, declared herself Sovereign
of the seas, over which she assumed a power as ab.
solrtc as every Goxernment does of the rivers that
run through the interior of its States.
66 At the sight of this legislation, amounting in
fact to a proclamation of universal sovereignty,.
eatchtling over the world the jurisdiction of the
British Parliament, the Emperor felt that he was
obliged to take a decisive part, mid 'to hhve re-
course to every thing rather that' allow the world
to bend tooter the yoke that was impuslid on it.
He issued his Milan Decree, which declared all
vessets denaturalized that should pay the tribute
imposed by England. The Americans, threat-
ened to be again placed under the yoke of Eng-
land, and with the loss of their independence, so
gloriously obtained, ordered' it' general embargo
on their vessels, and renounced all trade and nil-
vigaticm Cihns sacrificing their momentary to their
perinatreut interest—the preservation of their
dependence. •
" The success of these great measures chiefly
depended on their execution in Holland. Hol.
)and, on the contrary, opposed obstacles to it ;
she continued to trade with England. All the
remonstrances of France on this head were use.,
less. His Imperial Majesty. was obliged to recur
to strong measures, which proved its divatisfac-
lion: Twice were the French Custom-houses
shut against the trade of Holland. They are so
at this moment ; so that Holland has , QU longer
any lawfni communitirtion with tie people of the
Continent, and the •Emperor is determined out to
,open their harriers so long as circumstances shall
Continue as they He. It would, in fact, be to
open them to the gnglish trade. The Dutch pea
pie, far from following- the patriotic examples' of
the Americans, appear to have looked to oast ob-
ject oul in this state of 'Fairs, namely, *pit
wretch ntile Otis:feats. .•
biter. hand, the •Emperor leo, UV.
.

land without the means of making war, ar even
defending herself. She has no navy ; the sixteen
sail of the line she was to have contributed, have
been disarmed ; she has no energy. During the
late Expedition from England, the important fort
of Weere, which was neither supplied with artil.
lery nor provisions, made no resistance ; and the
more important post of Baths, upon which the
success of such great events might have depended,
was evacuated six hours bef.sre the arrival of the
enemy's picquets. Without an army, without
be almost saki, without
Heevenues, and, it may
'friends or allies, the Dutch consist only of &col.
section of merchants, with no other passion than
that of their mercantile interest, constituting a
rich, useful, and respectable company, but nut a
nation. • •
44 His Imperial Majesty wishes for pollee with
England. He made advances towards it at Tilsit;
they did not succeed. Those which he adopted,
' in concert with his ally, the Emperor of Russia, at
Erfurt, were equally unsuccessful. The war will,
therefore be long, since all the attempts that were',
made to obtain it have failed. The propesal even
to send Commissioncu .to Morlaix, to treat fur
site exchange of prisoners, although suggested
by England, miscarried, when it was perceived!
that it might lead to au accommodation. Eng.:
land, arrogating to herself, by her Orders it
November, 1807, universal sovereignty, and
adopting the principle of eternal war, has. db..
oohed every thing, and rendered every means of
resisting her pretensivus lawful. If the change
therefore that has lately taken place in the Eag.
'fish Administration has produced none in tie'.
pprinciples of England, which is easily to be au
ccrtained from the speech that will be made th
Parliament at its next meeting, and if she conti.l
Imes to proclaim the principles of perpetual• war
and universal Monarchy, in. upholding her Orders
.in Council, in 'that case the. Undersigned is au.
thorized to declare to the Dutch Ministry and Na,
tion, that the actual state of Holland is incumpa.,
tiblu with the circumstances in which.the extent*:
dinary principles adopted by England haie placed'
the Empire and the Continent; in consequenee his
Imperial Majesty proposes,
" 1. To read the Prince of his blood, whom Ifs
placed on the throne of Holland. The first duty
of a French Prince, in the lino of succession to
the Imperial throne, is to that throne. Alt.
others are to give way when they are in oppual.
lion to that ; the first duty of every Frenchman,
in whatever state his destiny ha! placed him, is to
his country.
" 2. To occupy all the outlets of Holland and ail'
mho ports by Fretich troops, as they were since
it was conquered by France, in 1791, until therl
time shun his Majesty expected to conciliate all
skits,' by erecting the throne of Holland.
" 3. to employ every means, without regard to
any consideration, to compel Holland to engage
hi the Continental system, and to wrest, once fur
all; her torts and coasts from the Government
that has wade the ports of Holland the peinci.
pal depots, and the greater part of the Dutch rues.
chants the peoutoters and agents of British cum-
UMW.
(Signed) " The Duke of CADORE."
" Paris, Jam 144 140.

ROTTERDAM, MARCH 1.--01ficia1 dispatches
the 25th inst. from Paris, received this day, bring
a positive tuntirance that negoelations are on foot
between the Great Emperor and our King. 'We
may expect that the result. will be favourable, as
it is sufficiently known that oavKingb disposed, in
order to the preservation of the.conntry, to make
every sacrifice in his power, and to conform, in
all respects, as far as possible, to the wishes of his
illustrious Brother.
NOTE OF TILE MINISTER OF FOREIGN RELATIONS
TOM. ARMSTRONG, MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY
OF THE UNITED STATES.
" The undersigned has informed his Majesty, the Emperor
and King, of the conversation which be be* .bail with M.
Armstrong, Ministei Plenipotentiary of the United States
of America. His Majesty authorises hint to make Od fol-
lowing reply :
" His Majesty would regard his' Decrees of Berlin and Mi-
lan as violations of the principles of eternal justice, bad they
ant been the necessary codeqoetsces of the British Orders in
Council, and especially those of November 1807. When
England proclaimed her universal severeigntyt by the pre-
tc:sion of subjectimg the universe to a navigation duty, .nod
extending the jurisdiction of her Patliament over the indus-
try of all mitious, his Majesty conceived it to be the duty of
all independent nations to defend their sovereignty; and de-
' elared all vessels denationalized that should put themselves
under the dominion of England, by tetoguizing the sovereign- '
ty ,Thick she assumed over them.
" Ills Majesty distinguishes the visiting from the brining-
-10 of a ship. The bringing-to has for its object only to as-
certain the reality of the flag; the visit is a search made sea
board, notwithstanding the ascertain ment of the truth of tips
flag, and the result of which is, the impressing of certain in-1
dividunlx, or the cot:Menthe: of the merchandise, err the ap-
plicutiosof arbitrary laws or dispositions.
" His Majesty could not have anticipated the proceedings
of the United States, which, without having any ground of
complaint outing France' bare locladed hay is their nets of
exclusion; and, from the month of May, have prohibited
French vessels from entering their ports, under pain of con-
fiscation. As soon as his Majesty was apprized of this mess
sure, he felt it necessary to direct that American vessels
should be treated in a reciprocal meatier, not only iu his ter-
ritory, but also in the countries coder his iuditence. In the
ports of Holland, Spnin,ltaly, and Naples, American ves-
sels have beets seized; because the Americans bad seized
French vessels. The Americans cannot hesitate as to the con-
duct they have to adopt. They ought either to repeal their
declaration of independence, awl to become. as before the
Revolution, the subjects of England, or to take measures to
prevent their commerce and their industry from being lazed
by the English which renders them more dependent thou
Jamaica, which has, nit least, as assembly of cepreseata-
tives, and its privileges.
"Men of no political cluiracter, without and
without energy, may, indeed, alledge that they may sob-
mii to pay the tribute imposed by England, because it is in-
considerable; but how do they not perceive, that the En-
glish; as soon ns they have obtained a recognition of the
principle, will increase the impost? So that this harden,
at first light, be/on:ins insupponaldes It will be necessary to
tight for interest, sifter refusing to tight fur honour.
.
The Undersigned frankly avows that France has every
thing to gain by giving the AlStrialtli a wekonte'reception is
her ports. Site hods her advantage la her eommerifill rela-
tions . with neutrals; she is, in no respect, jealous Of their
prosperity. Great, powerful, opulent, she is.satished when
by her own cumineree, or That of neutrals, her exportations
tY eirrt the requisite ilevelopeteeat to her agriculture and,
sunimfaietures.
" Scarcely thirty years have elapsed since the States of
America founded m the midst attic new world an incleoasi
dent country, a; the ezpence of the blood itf so many immor-
tal men who fell! lu the field of battle, to 'shake of the leaden
yoke of the Eitl6k Monarch. Those:vie nip men were far
', A
' rum imutinilifi,,:sigavheo they thus shed their blood for the hale-
pmdence of , that withal so short a• pea bid tin re
mould be an at vows made t•timpioe upon thenla still more
oppressive yokel that they had shaken of, by subjecting
the)r industry to the twit of British Legislation, and the Ostlers
in Uonucil of 1807.1. " • .
" If, therefore, the Mitiblet of Arttnirs Is prepared to et!-

ge, that the Arneditan Aids shall aotpahmit to thermic%
Orders in Council of November, lib; dor to sayweehiuckade, unless these ,be an medial blockade, the .21:1
signedit amthdriteit conclude any deseriptim et•
don leading to reaftwilie treaty of commerce with A •
and comprehending 11l the 'cements calculated '° euuddidam
the commerce und prosperity of Atperica.
• s' The Undersignedhos felt it hii duty to reply to thee,'
balovertm i
et of the Minister of Aineitra, n a wince ea;
that thelresident.of the United Snot% may be better s
to know the friendly, intendant of France with rem to
tbe Mated States, and her favourable dltpusitiun tawsint Ike
AoseridthieraMerce• •
4' THE OF CADOItIL.

Aro.. veo•
to

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THE S7IA7TSIII-4 y
14. .

LONDON:

TUVAISDAIr, AUCII IBIQ.

THE important fart of an alliance by marries;;
between Austria and France, is no longer doubtful.
Paris Papers to the V instant were received last
night. Its ono of these is a letter from Vier,„4,
dated the 15th :of February, in wlach is annouow
the arrival of a courier from Paris, with the iw
telligence of the 44 signature of a contract of 1113 r.:•
41 riago between the Emperor NAPOLLOif and kr'
66 Imperial Highness the Areh-Ducliess
44 Louisa." It is added, that the iuhabitatth of
'Vienna were transported -with joy ; and that ht.
tween eleven in the morning and two in the after.
neon, Bank Bills had risen. from 10 to 100.
Toe same Paris.Papet states General LAMS.
sox to have set out for Vienna 'with the it per.
trait 111 of Narot.zok, antl announces Tarim
• ..,
preparations for the journey and reception of the
Impekia 1 Bride.
This extraordinary alliance Will cement the for.
tunes of the man who, emerging from the salvo
obscurity of an incoasiderable island in the Mr.
diterianeart, has, at the ago of 41, made himself,
mastic cif .the entire Coutitutot of Europe.
• -
o Great Britain, whose-inaritime ascendancy
has hitherto restrained him within the Amin ut
this quarter of ;the to Great hritaiu
alone, is ho indektiel for his -unprecedented mita,
kin. Thii eticiliarnis, successively excited, foment,
and hired; by [;neat Britain, produced, as Mr.
. ,
OUKILE predicted, a Military ,Republie, in the
heart ef-Europo—beneath.Which, the petty Prints
of Germany—the whole of ' Itaiy—tbe Ilepablirs
.if Switzerland And Hotlipods which had defied the
.conc6ntreted forte of the Austrian and Prussian
Monarehiett—tits kingdom of Prussia—which, an.
der the Great Fan:mimic, resisted France, An. •
trim, and Russia —the great Peninsula of E,urope,
Comprehending Spain and Portugaj—and bsally
Austria, the II;•ail of the Empire of Germany—
have successively illtenmbed.
In track% Alm lialteer of NA !OLEO'S, from an
Officer of Engineeri to the espousal of the (laugh.
I ter of the ancient Ally of England—the mind is
•
lost in admiration of a result 'SO diametrically in
o...sosition to Ad Wit:11011TO% policy of the
British Cubinet.
Therellections of Mr. PITT, and Baton TUC.
tawr, iisultllhey have met at this crisis, -when the
restoration of any thing 4pproaching t 6 the old
restraining principle of the balance of power has,
-for ever vanished, had been most curious. The
instability of human institutions, has ever hens
:subject of serious and melancholy refleetioaj
'but It was reserved_ for Mr. PITT, Rnd his ad.
herents, to persevere,- with unexampled obstiosch
in a system, which has terminated in the overthrew
of the ancient system and establishments of El.
rope. •
The tics of blood, or of alliance by marriage
between Princes, operate is a manner wide!y
different from similar engagements in midis
from which, unhappily, Princes are virtually,
by their situations, excluded—but the marriap
of Naror.toSt, wills a daughter of that WI
House which wo have fur so many pia
been subsidising and goading to war...intermle.
able, exterminating war against him, while it coo•
summates the triumph of NAPOLEON-501s at the•
same moment the humiliation of the war !*/lea
of England !