The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-04-13 00:00:00

stAllagi

j- at Ilse it" of the house : but how °lle, was it found
..at the smoke, which readily went up domain, when
tbo wind was id dm point, Y. as drives down the same
thiftrzfies wired the wind was in another point. He
keew to his cost that this was the case. And the same
thing alight WYE happened un the nsorning of the fire,
which was a rainy morning, and an eddy of wind might
have Weight the gas down in en opposite direction
from what it had pasted out in at other tinses. At the
time of the fire, the sugar pan had not been heated; but
the oil vessel was heated, and it was then that the va-
pour issuing from it must have taken tire. He should
prove, that the thermometer at the time could not be
depended on, and fur that reason the persons attending
the fire could form no judgment of its heat. The ques-
tion then for the Jury would hi., whether this was nut a
process more dangerous than the ordinary process; and
whether they did not believe it to have been the cause of
setting the premises on fire. Ile then called the follow.]
ieg witnesses 3
Samuel Willoughby, a fellowship-porter, recollected
the morning in which the tire took place. He lived at
No. 111, Charles-street, about 1011 Tanis from the pre-
mises. A few minutes before four o cluck he value to the
corner of the premises, and in a moment lie sill,/ a large
body of fire, and the window front which it issued flew
out.—(The witness here identified the window in the
model.)—lf lie had beets opposite to the window he
should never hare told any thing about the fire, for the
body of fire that burst out would have knocked a horse
dust n. He saw no smoke ; lie gave an alarm imme-
diately. The tissue then ascended the wall ut the build-
ing. Hearse no light on the flour of the house. It was,
a wet morning wises he went out of his house. The first
person who came to him was Clavtou, the watchman.
who, at his desire, sprung his rattle. It was in the first
long window in the central part of the building that be
saw the fire.
John Clayton, a watchman, confirmed the testimony
of the preceding witness. The tune burnt continually,
and had uething particular in its appearance. lie heard
nu explosion.
tross-esansitied.—The window from top to bottom was
all in a blaze.
Examined by the Cocas.—fart of the premises lay
in his Is.-at. lie was up at the building at half-past
three, and saw no tire or smoke at that time issuing fru*
any part of the building.
Samuel Lockey, a surveyor, Was the nest witness
called. lie stated that Ile ls.sd been eitipbeyed by the
plaintiffs to make a drawing u: their premises some
months ago. In so doing ler it I:I insperted every part
of them, and whilst engaged in this leits:cess, had a tout-
munieatism with 31r. Bishop. with regard to a projected
*Relation. It was a con...ties-able time, certainly above
twelve the, previous to this, that he had examined
the pr..mises on behalf of the Phenix Company. When
Mr. Itisheep first mentioned that be was shout to intro-
duce a boiler, witness did not conceive. that any increased
hazard ,would be incurred. He :lid tint, its tart, exercise
any opinion apost the seleject, nor had he pointed out
any particular spot as hest why's( to the purpose. Be-
ing employed by the p'..si;itifts ;is a private rapacity, he
was its the lialeit ear freqc..ott;y visiting their premises. it
Was at souse time during the 1.1!' Spring that 1I r. B. took
him to a door in the bedding uhlinit wits Ill'i in the plan,
when lit-observed," 1 bare ...hurl li i ng to mention between
nurse's-es ; I want to put so:or:Wing up here for a new
process.- Witness was then 1:..1 to an upper floororlient
he was told that it Was in Coateati!,liliii.Ol to erect a boiler,
and was a%ketl whether, in la, opinion, it could stand
there. At first oil was not mehtioned, het he understood
before lie went away, that the prJj..ct.d holler was for
the heisting of oil. Had he been emit:oyes' by the le-
surance Co.opany to inspect- the premise., and found
that an oil-boih.r had been newly introdured, he should
doubtless have thought it his d;stv to cottimueicate that
cireqtastkeix•po the Mires. lie had De recollection of
tutiMt? rt it the instaner of the Phrenix Office in
Septenil.er. I" IS. This might he owing to the Its--
Tie:try it: his visits to the premises in tpiestion. On the
measion to which he bad before alluded, he was pri-
i yately consulted by Mr. ltishup, and undertook nut to
reveal what had been commu i t 1 11 11 to JAIL The morn-
SZVERNS, KUM, saD CO. O. TIM IMPERIAL I:4IICMANCI .
COMPANY. , ing sifter the lire witness suet him, and s 'id, he was sorry
The Court proceeded, at ten o'clock, to the further I to ti" u hut hail l'aPrned' but glad that our part of the
i building s. as safe. On being naked for what reason, be
I.e.sring of this clue.
' replied, " Why, because titter yon have been trying vour
Slr. SCAI3I.LTI' rose and addressed the Jury at great 1
new experiments." Mr. Bishop expressed leineself in
length en behalf of the defendant*. He began by cunt-
the negative, and, in answer to a question, whether he
mentinz uts the evideme given by the plaintiff's set-% aids i
on the preceding- Jar, and 1313 the circumstance of souse i hail cultrettle'l the slewprocess from Ins partners as well
s as the lie said they all knew it as well as himself.
witnesses whose eviarnre might have thrown greed light
0:I the subject, nut having. been brought forward; at William Christopher, is bricklayer in ties employment
Al I
lof Messrs. (:raven and itealstuntit, recollected setting up.
(ruin thence, he s:tid, he bad a right to infer, that sue-
under Mr. Wilson s direction.. an apparatus fur boiling
terial evidence was kept back ; and that the evidence I
which hail hren produced could nut point out any pose-
land circulating oil, upon their ;,retnises. It was set up
hie cause tier the file, except from s 1111 l tilting connected ion a detached place', and, as lie understood, merely as •
with the new enachinec.
There
teas tut the slightest , matter of experiment. It w-ts tried fourteen ditferent
times; and 3lr. Wilson w.ts hair.: not above once or
reason to suppose that it originated in a warehouse where
there had ben neither light nor lire. As to the scientific I twice upon these occasion.. The boiler stood upon an
arch in a separate building, about thirty feet from the
gentlemen who bud given their evidence in favour of I
sugar-house. It was twice heated, according to Mr.
the new inachiliery used In, the plaintiffs, no Wan could 1
entertain a higher respect for th en, than be did. Bet on I Wilson's direction:, to a temp
used to raise it to 3(10 or
erature of 210, before Mr.
the subject id chemistry, he must say, that although a de-
Wilson arrived. lie himself
ligheful, it was one of tier most !Incrusting of all sciences, 4011, in order to communicate the proper degree of heat
and variouschanges of opinion had taken placein itat di& to the whole ma' 'flue pumping was then begun, and
un one occasion the pump was snipped, and the heat
ferret tinsei. Al r. Wilson, who rave evidence one Winer
rose to 51.10. The door was then thrown open, and tint
dsy,it ttould appearshasl meddled with a subject AAA
fire damped. The pipes were of pewter, and broke once
he knew nothing about, and that was the effect produced
or twice, when the oil was miter! with sugar. One day,
be oil. But it is. sail be reeollect'ed that Mr. Wilson
toward the knish, whilst the ui i was at 2IU, the pan was dr
sias a patentee of this machine ; and it appeared that
charged, and the pump being stopped, it rose suddenly
only one person had ever used it in the boiling of sugar.
for other persons tl glut it dangerous. An inserasee- to 5114). It had nut atop evil above five minutes before
the pipes burst. 31r. ll
tut
began again to pump, and
offi 'I. could lohoW nothing of this alteration ; the plain-
afterwards proceeded to rake out the fire. The heat,
tiffs Is:ol not 'mule a communication on the subject, and
however, increased till it got as high as CCU. Witness
therefore they must abide the consequences of their OWN
a-undue,. They ha.' endeavoured to show that them threw several pails of water upon the fire, but without
with, roslucing any tlitllillUi kill of the heat. dlr. Wilson and
w.s less danger frosts this process, because *pan
.two gentlemen with hint then retired, an
sagas also,
sugar might boil over; but only one imgar-rifinee *as
tailed to prove that, and he did not tell them that lading the oil continue to come out of the boiler.
-ewe bad boiled over. Astir * *Ur newt/rib . . rainaol...-16. Wilson was at this time making
14
becalm if heat breams so great, Ike sugar won experitnesis. The pipes were not of copper, hot pewter.
spoiled, and the sugar-et-liners always took care never' Nothing ;Ike a fire was caused by the accident he had
to let the fire increase to such an extent. The Amok described. The thermometer was graduated only to 6011,
security in this new plan was, that sugar was never and the temperature of the oil ruse to that.
likely to boil over, a things which never happened..— . Samuel Wilkinson stated that he was foreman to
But they said that oil would not boil over ; hr shield M . Taylor and Martineau, chemists and engineers,
prove and such uas not the fact, and show that and hind been directed by the runner in February last t-
Mr. Wilson knew vothing of the properties of cill.— make some experiments in oil. Mr. Martineau, one .
Ile should !thew, that the oftener oil was heated, and the . the partners, tried a boiler on the 13th with a small
!longer it was riposted to heat, it became more Ware- quantity of whale-oil. Witness was directed to add
Diable. In confirmation of what he then said, the Jury large quantity; or about two-thirds niece than was at
should see an experiment tried by some distilled oil first put into the vessel. The whole quantity amounted
contained in a bottle which he then lick! in Isis hand; to about 20 or 30 gallons. The vessel resembled
anti they would see that the moment the cork was taken exhibited in the model; it was shoat three feet long,
out, and a light applied to the top of the bottle, it :lb inches wide, and 15 in depth. It was made of
, would blaze up in a moment. He should shew, that wrought iron connected with rivets. This experiment
those who were in the habit of extracting gas foto, all was continued only for a few hours. Alr. Taylor wished
were so apprehensive of the extreme danger of the t So ascertain whether common oil, mixed with oil purl-
test, that they were obliged to use the greatest cut ,'say boiled, would produced inflammable n •4/1
in doing so. The defendants, aware of rise effort w . i law Temperature. They could not ascertain ibis tsogns
oil might have had in causing the fire, node maw 1 future till it came tu 60 degrees. A "'Rpm,. with paw
possible impiry into this subject. and the resell al ' *Aerobic noise, began to rise at about 100 degrees; -
their inquiries should he laid before the Jury. thela-1 at 210 degrees a light was several times appall* to .
which it tronid appear that degrees of beat, mach , I top of the tube.. The vapour then took Ire with sudden
than those stated yesterday, WCWII4 cause
.the f • i gains, as with an explosion in tliss boiler. Hy sepia.
send forth Inflammable vapour. after the oil Mon he meant a noise like that of fat boiling when
been subjected to the fire during several light was applied to the tube. When a nude was be'
days. It was true that new oil required 600 degrali..".ol. to lb* vapour it naratned an appearaueo like that
~healtiftprod 13 ee iis fiamtnable vapour : bat that effect lightnimg. The tlsennusueter broke at a temperature
lie " ' need by 31U1 degrees of heat. It bad beets.. $4114 .He hollered be broke Alt atans with '
that in his ietterittelf hots the oil vessel wasobtas Mad,' ball was also broken, and shisicoski
• •

that a Pawnbroker Vraff allowed nearly six Moe.
as much for the employment of his capital as cow
mon interest produced, whereas he sweetly sow
receives more than four : yet in the artiele of bread,
a profit of five per cent. would have gone Mil*,
then, than twenty at ,sumo subsequent periods.
But there is no necessity to advert to so diatant a
term. The alterations which have occurred within
the Inst thirty years will sufficiently answer every
ptirpose ; and, without adducing proofs, 1 dare re-
fer it to your memory, whether in that period most
articles of food have not doubled in price! While
house-rent, taxes, and clothes, have undergone a
corresponding increase. It is not my intention to
contend for luxuries, but it will not escape tour re-
collection, that port wine; at the period airuded to
was a guinea a dozen ; and that its present price is
five and sixpence a bottle ! A. P. B.
(To el cotet;nwpfld

TO THE EDITOR OF THE ST4TESMA.V.

SlR—Let your Correspondent A. P. B. be whom
he will, he deserves to be immortalized be the
Pawnbrokers, for his is almost the tint, and cer-
tainly the most successful eflbrt, to extricate ti de-
graded profession from a state of detainment into
which it has always been considered their own mis-
deeds hove deservedly plunged them.
If to raise them in the estimation of the world
should be the proud boast of any man, IMp mar
well hail A. P. B. as their saviour. But us prophets
and reformers must expect to have their missions
questioeed, and to have hard queries propounded
before they obtain implicit belief, I shoUld hope
this getitieman will not take it ill of me, as one of
the puhlic, if I should dispute some of his stute-
ments Lefore I subscribe to his ingenious deductions.
1, like him, hoow something of Pawnbmking;
I know something of Pawnbrokers' too; Eitel
though I will own he has removed from my
mind one two long implanted prejudices, yet my
objection to the trade remains in several respects
unshaken. The:4; ohjeetions I intend to lay in re-!
gular succession before you ; and 1 think, in coin-
moo candour, yun cahoot refuse them insertion,
unless tin• poait and elegance which distingsish my
oppouent's letters can obtain fur them a prefercisee
which commoner :!rginnents in more homely guise
may hot al scar to lee mititled to. 1 n:rty not lie
able, like bums, to elucidate my thou,glits with learn-
ed quotations, nor to turn a period every now and
then, with a veatness that the memory may wish
to cherish, but I shall produce sonic such lionio
proofs of frequently uccuring evils, arising out of
this tr:u'e, as will make the thinking hesitate Le-
fore tlicy will decide on its utility.
If I may guther A. P. B.'s intentions from the
subjects he has proposed to discuss (and there is so
inch of method in his procedure, that one may
safely venture this), a few more letters will termi-
mite his labodrs. It is then, Sir, 1 propose to com-
mence. lo all likelihood, I shall answer them in
regular tiAler, and it will be my emit:loner to do it
in the same s;iirit of meekness which has obtuieed
tor A. P. L. the prai:e of your readers.
1 um, Sir, your's respectfully,
eM2lll==ltmrlTE: 502)
LA/V INTEL G ESC&
-
COURT 111: ('031310N PLEAS, Aram It.

(

hate happend Id that way.. Witness observed, in
scribing another experiment, that the vapour mei
on the ninth tiny at 497, and the heat row 140 du, -
in 15 minutes. The bre-place wu 20 inches fo
inches wide, and there was a space of 10 inches from the
bottom of the boiler to the fire-ban. On the 10th die
the vapour byeanie inflammable at 315 degrees wd
spread as before like lightning. At one tie,
.4
the
same day it appeared as inflammable at WO degrees, st
at anoter at 500 ilegreee.
ef On the 11th day it hesbreamsierlainnhiahle et 310 dein : on the weiviiin_
day
slightly so a; the sailer lobo:.A similar tip/4*u
continued fur .23 days, at 12 hums every day, and
attended with the same
Cross-exatisinrd. —Tle. notes to v, . h he had see.,
were written by himself at the time of train ti;;;;72.
rime'. The settle oil was nasal daring the seholjt
days, and he did not observe flint much was 'sued et
the end. lie suulii not account for the inflammability
taking place at a muck lower temperature at one
der
titan at another. Ile did not make use of an hydsowe.
ter, nor remark the atmosphere.
Further evidence respecting the properties of oil met
the danger attending its star, was offered ~tt the pan
the defendants. .tlr. Is. Charidite, Mr. R. Phillips, 1.,
Foster, 31r. Titylor, and Mr. Jilin, rrrrr !Iv Base it ~
their opinion that the use of oil in thrifts:olio( „5
angar was extremely ilatigertma.
51r. John Martin and Mr. 11'. Daniel, hole ss.ar.
refiners, also described the ti.., !e in chid, that :.;,.
Lion was carried on in tn.:Unary case., and reienctti
their conviction that it n as not attended with any risk,/
conflagration.
Willoughby. and Clayton were then spit celled, end,
ie illis%; er to a spiesiiim from the ileich, stste,i, gnat
when thee first perceived the fire breilieg oat f„ the
premises of the plaintiffs, thi re was na IlAmmlar stub,
nor did the fame appear of a different colour from that
of ordinary tire.
Here the e•.-iiletiee fur the defendants closed, lad IL,
Court adjourned at half-payt six o'clock till to-morns.

TO

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1

M

Dltv..ittFL I. tit•ltt9r.—.ln I ttquitition was .:,ken yes-
terday at St. I flare's :curl:-iottlso, looley.%trret, b .14,r •
Mr. hinat.Tov, Cormier, tot tie booty of Harriet
Hedger, itztsl alloCt yearr, t lie to Ift, lied r, a
biscuit baker, living in I ...i,orti-yar
',brooch. who put an end to her existence 11 tank •
her throat.
Mary Sharp depos..l, th it .he hued opposite to Theta
tbe deceased lived. (1n Mond Iv skit &Mien
o'clock, on !oohing thy....git tltr wit..l.,w, she saw t 1..,
deceased in a room on the firs: floor of her cwg bano,
on her knees, opposite the uitidow, mial her bell hoer.
ing on her shoulder. Witness ausiwcting the; von,.
thisozamiss with the dee...ascii, raised up the win-
dow, and called out to her several times 10 klitiarif Inv
thing was the matter. The deceased at leafth mod ",
when witness saw her breast and arms all bloody, and
g.tve an alarm ; some isersous went to ilse door W the
deceased's Inmse, hut it was made fast on tie inside; a
lathier Iran then pl.wed aeaitest the window, y which
some persons en:ered, aml the deceased wu taw
stretched on the bet almost lifeless, with a I'm itsc.-
%ion in her throat, n razor lying on the floor all btow'v.
and a spiahtite of Wood uhont the room. A ro, re a
was sent for, but t'd.. tit...eased n as quite dyad before he
arrived.

J
Ist
lb
If
• of

re

It appearel that the decease. was erre mttrh aeldi
to drinking, and often slietred syhiptoins of eerier-
nwnt. On the morning she committed the fatal act she
went to several houses in the neighbourhood to borrow
money, stating; that there WAA a coach waiting to take
her to Horsemunger-laic gaol, and she did not know
is hat she should do for ha I. Veriiict —" That the dr-
ceased's death was cansed hp her own acts h rotting her
throat, being at the time in A mate ut meseal tiesange-
anent." -
Non est vivant seJ eel rr fills.—Nlss lIA L.
" Life is only Life, when blest with Ile:Ilth."
TILE finest system of Ethics is to c.,ltilne wit
due bounds, and t:.us to rc4alate Me Pa kings; sire
strained and insubordinate, tney impetuo.isiy tau.*
barriers which Religion and Morality have 11111:d sexed;
curb, but not annihilate them, appears the less..a of gr.-
deuce, best calcuitted to limit their effervesce...re.
Every disorganization or the human frame r sirs gust
medical knowledge to remedy. and the public welfareis pro-
moted when professional men (disregarding the seggertioss
of the envious and interested) devote their studies to the treat-
ment of those complaints generated by imoruttelee, and tae
ebullition of the passions at an unguarded enumout. Te
strength of a nation consists In the hrisito of the people:" Mt
it is inelaneboly to reflect on the daily sacrifice to the i 1
ranee of unfeeling empyrirism, and to counteract. as farm
possible, its ',tether ravages, we offer to haltering hameally
the result of oar own experience, in the vatioes disease's(
laebility. The unwary victim of solitary vire (esrly acpin4
at school, bet-re reason has asserted her right over the cud;.
will, in contemplating his powerless *tee, become suscepti-
ble of enlivening sensations. IN knowing that hie most eve.
plicated state orexhausi ion way be roused into mealy rum.
Intense study --immoderate ens lety—long residence la tr.-
pieal clinics, end many tither eauSt.4, wilt frequently denary
the nervous system ; in such cases w.. can hold old at se
snrance of re-animation. by temedies which have long a;r-
swerod the 'anglaise hopes of Patients of ball Sexes.
Mist bane to human happinteet, Ly cc isr.RF.t, toter
be treated fearlessly ; the iin; ed state of medical KIM
having divested its antidote of those distressing props.`'
that so lung rendered its exhibition uneertaia aid trtmssiss.
We best explain our method by obs. wing t,. Patinas is
bottriog tinder this malady, that a feo dao only an
quired for the removal of early symptyin ; !just the most We
esterase ease will yield to our remedies within s months and
that in a person who only snspects himself ii.jared. tiejw
ease may be prevented altogether front a neariag :—a giraffes
remark applies to many other deranreniciits of the ones-
five system. as weakness, eleerstiods. Le. espeeistli stric-
tures, obstinate rases of which are daily remotest Wilmot
the use of caustic or stimulants. Nome
Sal to
etsss the
clati
softero este;
with aimparydieve tiireisibe
hwaive net rscnped ouratten ties
dot isimegmialocu
'glassily adopted. In line. our system is union, peettaallt
energetic. and eminently successful.
Educated in this oar native city. schooled is oarfillOae
slot's' attainment by its splendid Me lit-al chars=
having been able. personally. to compsre with
the British surideal practice with the ondatittal, Met
tensions to superiority (In a brand' see hay: setieled)
.'

V

el
ti

o •• „
errs ' matured bs experience, which is et level hs •
t.; I cations ate receive, es en Crum distant countries.
e (101414 and Co M.ll. C. Serlosa
of
13, Houverlc-street, Fleet-street, I.tidan.
sr• For the general accommo.latioe. we do ma WOW'
" a seises to stated periods of practice bet may be NMI"
is at at all reasonable hours.—(•••cotry Yalients are
rated describe minutely their symptoms, ,te. when Methl"lo4
that I Ads lee, will be immediately forwarde.l to aay pad Oa'
ong, Eingdom.—A flank note is expected to accostroll
le of I "Se.
meet Just published (Tenth Editica).
shed THE Etild of LIFE; a familiar I.ollllMear, ••
above Disossas.-11) (loss cad Co. Addressed to is Wu
revs- and Maturity of both Sexes. Nay be had at %
al a water-row ; 00. Pail-mall ; fierrard-.treat;
niti. street; and of all Rouk.eSes.
and DI DIES.
i the Oa Monday Mae. it lirlftstna, Merteret Grimm
latla
esiddpelon; eosityradasetr4..daQuEsa.u:lipietiorigies olifrebTichasn. :rootesu,i, tat. Devolle:
Oa Monday last, it is bowie. Richwoadsllolll 111111111
bad se.sseao; W "—"tr "- _ •
it of Loodda : Piloted and 'PaisUlted thy
irt•r L WANDICIaL.Amet the Otter. No. WC error',
his silo St. CosowertitareW; where CI (.*
d bat dirs. and AesiettsopeaSs era revoked w