The Statesman.
London, England, 1819-06-05 00:00:00

--•eet on efri
trey ilia on lacetcl,

11.11.0"4 Marne r, In enigma Moe present ettonit of
oar foreign trade, we, •vender the flaming cirrus•
stances of 'or popelatirm, it rill become a arises
eedwiaradog evil.
ILie highly p►obable, bewe•er, that lb* otport
I of this country bus attained Its stoma height,
and diet ►y the competition of other States, psssess•
in( equal or greeter local advantages, it will mow
araileally
Tile direct elect of the Corn Bill lately poloo4
will be to hasten this decline end preliterate', to
destroy that trade. Imthis view it is deeply to be re.
grated that the Bill paused info a law ; sad i is per.
seeded Its promoters will, out long, diremeer the ab-
solidi. necessity for Its repeal, to protest the wiletry
'blab must ensue !. the great mess sf that People.
'The inhabitant of every con try art massed and
formed by its greet leading esistiogciseelaweliceisolfd
the character of the lower orders hi. Wale is now
formed chiefly by circumstances era*/ from trade,
esioefactetes, sod ClPSolltrait; att+d' blow pawning
principle of trade, meoefecteres, teed comfaatee, la
immediate partiality eine, to which, on lAN greet'
scale, every other is made to pee wry. Ailmrita-
deloosly trebled to bay cheap sad to sell detest; and
to socceed is t►is art, the parties mast be taught to
orgoirtt strung powers of deception f end ibis a
spirit is generated tbsough every class of trade's, de-
street's@ of t►at opus, honest sincerity, fluidise
which man cannot wake others happy, not enjoy hap.
piness himself. Strictly spec►ing, beirever, Ibiede•'
fret of character sight net to be attributed tells*
individuals possessing it, bet le the overwhelm's,
elect of the system under which they base boon
trained. Bet the elects of this pieciple if gabs, owe t
restrained, are still sore lamentable or the working
classes, those who are employed is the operative
parts of the manufactures; for most of time
branches are more or less enfavoerable to the health
aid mossiest adults. Yet presto do awl hesitate to
merlin the well-being of their children, ►y pettiee
' acne to orcipstions by which the coostilesion admit
minds and bodies Is rendered vastly inferior to what
it might and ought to be soder a system of cosmos
iforesight and beautify. Net more then 30 years
since, the poorest parents thought the ago of 14 set-
! Selena], nay for their children to commence reg..
lar labels,: and they judged well; for by that pe.
rind of their lives t►ey had argil/od, by pay and
eartelso In the open air, the toondaticro of a sound
robust coustitstion; mad if they were not all initi-
eted in book learaiag, they bed been taught the far
more extol knowledge of domestic life, which could
not bet be familiar to them et the age of 14, sod
which, he they grew up, sad beams heeds of fain'.
lies, was of mute sale. to them (es it taught them
economy in the espeoditase of their eereings) than
one half of their wages soder the presort circum-
stances.

It should be remembered also that It boars per
day, including the time for regular root and meale,
were dm obooght so diciest to trotting all the worklog
strength of tbe most robust adult; when it may be re-
marked local holidays were such more freqeent then
at preterit in most parts of lb kingdom. At ibis
period too, they were generally trained by the et-
ample of some landed proprietor, end in such habits
as crested a mutest interest between the parties, by
which means even the lowest pettiest was generally
considered es belonging to, end forming souse.
what of a member of, a respectable family. Under
dies* circumstances the lower orders esprrienced net
only • considerable degree of comfort, bat they had
also frequent opportunities of enjoying healthy ra-
tional sports and amosonsents; and in coneeqsence
they became strongly attached to these oo alma they
depended, their services were willingly performed;
and mutual good oflices brand the parties by the
strongest ties of human were, to consider each
other as friends in somewhat different situations; the
set ant indeed awe enjoying more solid comfort and
ease than his master.
Contrast this slant of matters with that of the
lower orders of the present day ;—with human ea•
tore trained as it wow is, under the Dew mantsfactar-
log system.
In the manufacturing districts It Is common ferias
rents to seed their children of both sexes at scree or
I eight years of age, in winter us well as summer, at
six o'clock in the morning, sometimes, of coarse,
in the dark, and occesiaroally amidst frost end snow,
to enter the manufactories, which are ekes bested
tea high temperature, and cranial' an atmosphere
for from being the most favourable to human life, and
le which all those employed in them very frequently
continue until twelve o'clock at noon, when an
boar is allowed for digger, after which they return to
remain, in a majority of cases, till eight o'clock at
•
night.
_ _

The children now find they must labour ineessently
for their bare sablistenre: they have not been need to
innocent, healthy, and rational amesements ; they are
not permitted the requisite time, if they had been pre.
tiously accustomed to enjoy them. They know nor
what relegation means, Except by the weal cessation
from labour. They are surrounded by others eimi.
lady circumstanced with themselves; and tilos.*
lag on from childhood to youth, they becougu gee
dually initiated, the young men in particelar, but
often the young females also, in the seductive plea.
of the potamate and inebriation : for which
rhea daily herd labour, want of better habits, and
the general vacuity of their minds, tend to prepare
them.
Such a system of training cannot be expecte"! to
',fridges any other thin a population weak In bodily
and mental faculties, and with babifil enmity de-
'tractive of their eon croft:Nis, of tbri widi.heenst
of those srottod thole, aid steitagly.ealcolatiti to vok•
dee all the vecial alfectlem. AI • "Jo
,circorugiencad
eves bll' intend big herryfig' rotfards at a •`ll.

coeds spool, to seprire individual wealth, regardless
of
Otte, bistonfortithis dials, or *Teti hie soffelints.
eteept by troy of a Ilegreskter
man'
el!orlfs. iiie.l
mill to steel the heart of man spins his fellows,
or to foam thelnot .hod the slave To.day he {a-
-1 bourt/IN my theeter, to.morrow bra second, then
for 'arillffil, elsd a' Noah, uttfil all lies bet •re.. en.
ployers.ohd employed ere frittered &mist° therms I.
deratioa of whet Immediate pin etch tenderise from
the-ether. Thoiesployer regards toe employelas mere
ineironsents gigolo, while these empire . gross (ere..
city of Orem', • whiels,lf lesislative useaseres shall
net he ledlelootty devised to preve:d.lis increase, and
estaellinete the condition of this class. will seems( or
letev pillage tire citluorry • tote Vferitskli*a.ed ;ter-
Mpg leottrieoble stets if dings(-tio.direel sheet
of tielletabseeelsiotio Is to effect •th •`i nadlteratt ost 'a nd
1-overt silo &eget. Tbe'wellidiltl6ll,3ol4sllrith oh-
joies.eran be accomplished lb ti slidoiesous Act•ot Ps r.
Ilßoomiest', '• • • ' - •, 0 ...tit ,•••„ .•
tw. To now thierifhlei leranthrlitt th4trits MI to itta!irry
1 toil•i. Today, berths:lag cresiteor.: Lt: r,,„1.....,.....,
ititekt;eriPustrit'll2l ilidelie 4' a Iti .il
k
leant tie tei ' eel more dms sts boort OP y beltil Illy &all
be Iflani tees . .1-
30.-riat eff Miler iim siiiiirlalif Iffidlivi ! ine,
simeepoe:Ad
;kit& • hoe ii lee &RH. elan sky ad' sad
write% ell WNW weaver. orsoweered thrlirenoto faits id-
-11 meek sad me Oink Mira frolitifkof 4)ol.fier.
' gerevAnviii'cieteteg:. ' ,
.‘ w
..
...,:e. A.
These measoreS, when iitoliPacimajtailmpoeterbel.
togs, or marrow mistaken wisdom/ et is to 10.
lole4decAlf"ellitildrita s.•fiij' I.t'iatO id At,.
wilt beaked to be beneficial so the child, to the
psutl% till the Mepliyetihsed to the Freshly'. Yet
as Wit • irofitllw tislnid,siany iodiyidsals comsat tie-
tee' general subjects from rail ceesideratieei,
while miters can see them inix.,Orolitilit medium
lit rei.ilt Peceirsty pis.; t•may, .be Coll-
ets di that individeals if 'trios! deqripitiotts will
disapprove of same, or all orillose reidspies....s trill
thereinto esdoavour to noticipsto their objections.
and reply to them.
The child casual be *opposed lo•eardie.asy whil,c.
then to the plans proposed ;, he may. waits be merit
to consider them, as they 0 ill prole: WA* by cape.
dente, essentially bearicial to hiss la eitildhood,
ynath, manhood, and old age.
• - P :e
Patents who hive grown up idlgnotanos One fled
habits, end who ooneeqeently ore jails-comfy, may
say, " We cannot afford to malrtaitr mg' children
usual they shill be 12 yowl. of me, if kilkoot potting
them to empleywest by ethic! they nsis),•ept it wages,
and therefore objict,,t IlpCisattoistt.plilif,phlch
Preemies Of d011144144116‘1481114.1.0 maroolishatierron.
oil they shall be of met age.", ff the peoreyt sot Mist
miserable of tkeriellts fniminfj, sosiorted. their
children withoot usgitur employ ingot mstlltherwere
14, why may they not eon sepport 'limo until they
shall be twelve seers-1144fi lifinireuts who decline
this defy had sot hems Ignorant, odd trained in bad
• habits which render theieswerstal faculties isforior to
the lostiact of many amitosis, they would ondersiasd
that by forcing their children to lesser in seen situ.
ethos, at a premature age, they pier their offering
in cireemstances calculated to retard their growth,
sad make them peculiarly liable to bodily chasm
and mental Injury, while they debar them theoriser's-is
. of acquiring that sound cobalt constitution, which
otherwise they would posers., and without which
they whist enjoy much happiness. hot most became
a Wallow to themselves, their friends, said their
country. Parents by so acting also deprive their
children of the opportunity of acquiring she habits
of domestic life, without a knowledge of which high
nominal wages can procure them bed few comforts,
and without wt.icb amoog the working dosses very
little domestic happiness can be enjoyed. Children
thus prematurely employed aro revered from ac•
quiring any of the common. riidlisebts .1 book learn.
tog; bet in lieu of this usedel tied saleable Roo,.
ledge, they ere likely to acquire the Abosaiojerioes
habits by continsselly tmociattng- with thane es ipso-
rant mid es ill instreclitiss themselves... Anti sass it
may be truly said, shot, for every penny /pined by
parents from the premature laborer of Illtie.effiliiises
they. 'sulfite not poly Atom porectiv bat Men the
(stars te lils. confect, aonfi •bood•c•P'4ll"ii of their
chiidree •' .and unless this petnaciqoe. system- shill be
a tad by the introdoctioo.of a•basser, tke evil is
likely to extend, end become gores thrones every
succeeding geoeratloo., . , . , •
I dq not anticipate ally ehjoellen • from employ.
ors to the age named fur the add.illaddddrr children
lab their manufactories; or to child.** being preri-
osslyttaised io good habits, aid the rudiments of cons.
moo learning; for, open a a 'aperients • bandarstls suf
ficient to ascertain the fact, I have uniformly rowed it
to be more profitable to adroit childres to constant
daily employment at 10 years old, than at say miter
period; and that those children, or &shahs, who had
been the best taught, made the beet servants, andwero
by far the most easily directed to do every thing that
was right and proper for theta la podium. The pro.
primers of esponsito establishments may object to the
reduction of the nom customary boors of Ishtar. The
otmostitateat, however, of their 'triennia &spited the
rent or interest of capital impended in form* the es-
tablishment it chargeable on the quantity of its pro-
duce;—nod If, instead of being permute,' to employ
their work-people within their manufactories so loaf
at, hansom hater* can he tempted to coatinoe its vises.
'lnns, say for 14 or lb hours per day, they shall he
restricted to 12 hoots of labour per day from their
work-people, sben,tive prime coot of the article which
they tnaootectors will be meremaril by tho treater
.spilmarsolpilloebrret.lqoanosoalfut rtyeientp;oodrrop.s.d.iiinawrierma.
vouw, :hiss, ri!treetisaabee...r;
Eoibiestoilussito.
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