The Statesman.
London, England, 1820-04-14 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, APPoL 14, 1820.

for which HAMPDEN fai in the Field. and SYDNEY died on the Scaffold.'

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Aran. 13.

ti7F. beg leave to offer you our grateful
knowlejetteents 6.r the honour you have conferred
Num by Re-eiectine us into the Direction.
Teasing that the Preprlrtors will ever find us deserving
al We confidence they have reposed in us.
We haft' Sit• honour to hr, with the greatest respect,
Lftdiry 310 Gentlemen,
Your nn st obedient and very humble servants,
JACOB HOS ANQUET,
JOSEPH tvrroN. •
WIT Il AM TAYLOR MONEY.
EDWARD PARRY,
TIIONIAS REID,
WILLIAM WIGRAM.
BastJnylia House. April IS. DM.

EITERNE, IMO, ♦N! CO. T. THE IMPEILI•L INSL'R•NCI

CUM PAN T.

The Court was not less crowded this morning than
yesterday. For some time before the LORI) Cntet Jes-
TICI took his seat, almost every place within the bar
was occupied. His Lordship arrived at ten o'clock, and
the SOLICITOR-GENERAL was about to reply, when
Mr. Serjeant Roemer begged that his Lordship
would allow some of the chemists who had been exa-
mined to be recalled, in order that they might be asked,
whether, if a fire broke out under such circumstances as
had been described, it would have a particular *swell
The Counsel for the plaiutiffs were about to object to
any re-examination after the case was closed, when
The Jury intimated a wish to have some of the wit-
nesses recalled, in order to -put certain questions to
them on the same subject.
Jr. Ferriday was then recalled, and examined by the
Yeteeenan of the Jury. In his former evidence be bad'
',elm of u inflammable vapour, not of a volatile oil,
as stiffing from the pipe. That vapour would have
burned more or less quietly in proportion to the quan-
tity of atmospheric air mixed with it. It required a pro-
portion of a fourteenth of gas to be explosive. This
was the vapour of oil at the temperature of 410. life
explosion produced lov it would not resemble the explo-
sion of gunpowder. The explosion of gunpowder was
violent in proportion to the volume of gas produced by
the volume of gunpowder, combined with the rapidity
of inflammation. The explosion of gases might be ge-
nerally considered in the same way—that was, the pro-
portion of the heated gas to the cold gas before it was
tired. The explosion nimbi, of course, cause a rapid
expansion. When heated to a white heat, it occupied
three fir four times ..0 re space than before, and it would
expand to that extent in every direction. All the vat-'
pour exploded would have its smell destroyed. The
smell belonged to the vapour, and not to its result or
product. The product of the exploded vapour would
have other properties, would form neu substances, and
enter into fit w combinations with the air into which it
exploded. From the rough experiments he had made,
he thought that inth hie gas would have the same
effect as the oil. The smell, after the explosion, would
depend on the quantity of unconsumed vapour which
might get about. If the proportion of vapour were
small, the dame would be blue ; if there was a great
quantity of vapour, and more confined, it would burn
brighter. The common gas light was an instance of
continuous explosion with the greatest portion of
vapour.
Mr. Parks was next recalled, and asked, lay the same
Juror, whether he differed from Mr. Ferriday. and in
what? He said, he did not concur in all that Mr. Ferri-
' day had stated. Ile did not recollect to have witnessed
such explosions as those alluded to. There might be a
smell atter an explosion. The smell caused by a thumler-
' storm he considered to proceed from a mixture of niirous
gas. There generally was a smell in explosive mix-
tures. He thought the smell would be occasioned by
part of the gas or vapour bring driven about flacon-
mined, which would retain its original smell. lie tild
tosi befrkeedvemA;rat4l •
einiidpiearatin ttt able vapour wHoeuttuagrise
.e kt
it impossible that any ittraitintable gases mild have re-
mained in the dues at such a heat as was kept tip. They
must have gone into the air as 604111 as generated.
If an accumulation of intlawmaide gashed taken place
in the dues, or in the premises below, where the light
was, would it have exploded like gunpowder, or in what
degreei—l do not know what experiments others may
have made, but I think it impossible that an explosion,
as such, could have taken place without a Ernat noise,
which must have been heard in the neighbourhood all
round.
iettrta

AMICABLE SOCIETY, you INSURANCE or LIVES,
SSWKAN ey-isys, FLEET-Welt aaT, LON DoM,
iteCORPOIII TED PIT QUCI( • N lea, 1706.
irrHE DIRECTORS have sow to offerto the
.1 attention of the Petite. TABLES of 11.%TES, which
have been lately conspleetd. for the insurance of Lives, at
the various Ages from Stu 7 ; either fur the whole life. any
specific number of years. the contingency of one person
surviviog another, or for the joint continuance of the hies
of two persons, the insurance payable on the death of
either.
Inserarees in this Office are effected, in certain cases, at a
reduction of nearly 30 per cent.. and. on the whole, on terms
'really favourable to the insured.
Insurances may be effected from 9001. to 6.00 W.; and
every kind of insurance, however short the period of eon-
hemmer, is entitled to a participation in the pecuniary ad-
vantages accruing to the Corporation. These advantages
are wholly appropriated to the benefit of the insured, in pro-
po-tion to the amount of each insurance, as circumstances
arise in the year in which the death happens.
Of the claims upon this Society which became payable in
respect of insurances on the lives of persons who died in the
last year. 73 shares, on which fourteen yearly payments or
more have been made, receive additions amounting to 33 per
cent.; 3 shares. has in; made thirteen yearly payments, 23
par emit.; 6 shares, having made eleven yearly payments,
17 per cent.; 23 shares, basing made nine; it shares, having
made eight; and 2 shares. having made seven yearly pat -
meats. receive II per cent. in addition to the sums originally
inured.
Abstracts of the Charters and By-Laws. with Tables of
the Premiums, may be had at the Office, where attendance
i, given daily from Nine till Three o'clock.
By Order of the Court of Directors.
J. PENSAM, Registrar.

Mr. Brande was retailed, and was abont to be exa-
mined by the same juror, when
Mr. Serjrant Ithosi:xx observed, that as the present
mode of re-examination WAS quite a new one, br hoped
his Lordship would star it until he sent for Mr. Scarlett,
who was in the other I 'mitt.

Mr. Serjrant VAUGHAN said, the questions were nut
put by the plaintiffs The witnesses were now in the
hawk of the Court and the Jury.
The Foreman of the Jury übserve.l, that the object of
himself and his brother juror; was to get at all the facts
of the case. _ _

Mr. Brand, was then asked, whether he differed, and
in what, from Mr. Parks; but it appeared, from his an-
swers, that he concurred in Mr. Park's opinion.
Mr. Phillips was next recalled.—lo case of an explo-
sion of vapour from oil in a high state of temperature,
he thought there would be a smell. He would, by way
of illustration, say, that the common gas, where it es-
caped without burning, produced a strong smell, but
where it burned there was little or none. -if there was
any accumulation of vapour, it woitlil emit a stroog smell
before it exploded. In explosion it would make a
but that would depend on the quantity of atmospheric
air. There might he no smell after explosion, but he
thought there would he a strong one before it.
Henry May recalled, and examined by the Foreman.
-.411e had been engine-keeper for 2-1 years.
lie. SCARLETT, who had entered the Court a few
uti-
sutes before, here interposed ; be begged to submit to
his Lordship, that though the Jury in this mode of exa-
mination might think they acted for the advantage of
the cause, yet it might not have that effect. They
might perhaps take a view of it, and put it in a shape,
which the Counsel could not have any opportunity of
explaining.
The Loan entalo Ju'Vrn a said. lie had allowed the
Counsel fur the defendants to put a question in re-exanii-
nation, and be could not restrain the Jury in asking ally
questions for their own information. •
The Jury again declared their sole object to be to get
sufficient infortnation to direct their judgment.

Mr. SCAMLETT replied, that he had no doubt tbeir ob-
ject was perfectly fair; but he had wade the observation
in the discharge of his duty. He would confidently leave
the ease in their bands. . . .

The re-examination of May was then proceeded in.—
It was the watchman who lit the fiie on the morning
when the place was burnt. That man was not here.—
Witness was nsually in the engine-house. It was about
half-past threewhen the alarm of tire was given. He
had started his own engine before he heard the alarm
given. It might be three quarters past 3 when l►e beard
the alarm given. When he heard it, lie went to pull up
the iron door. The fire, when he entered, was on his
left. There was not any strong smell, nor any thing in
the appearance of the tire different from others he had
seen. He heard no explosion %retire the fire nor after.
Mr. Loftier was next recalled, hut nothing material
was elicited from his re-examination.
The SOLICITOR-01YMM. now rose to reply. Ile be.
pa by thanking the Jury, in the names of fiis clients,
and, he might silk!, in that of the public, for the great

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PRICE SEVEN PENCE.

an I anxious attention they had paid to the premed in-
quiry. What he hail just witnessed in this case was, if
any such could be required, an additional practical illus-
tradon of the benefit of Trial by Jurv. After the Coon-
s& on both sides had roncluded-thei;examination,
had seen the witnesses recalled, and most mitontr'y exa-
mined by those who were to be the judges of their te.-
tiwony. This, he repeated, was an excellent
illustra-
tion of the benefit of 1 rial by Jury, and of the security
and happiness of living in a country where that mode of
trial was so strictly obsereeil. The present he consi-
dered as one of east importance, not only to his clients,
but to the public at large. Let the Jury now look a.
the case. It appeared that, before the plaintiffs bier
adopted the new process, they had three fires in 1 e
same room, where afterwards they used only one. They
very naturally conceived (and that such was the far:
be would shew)that that diminished the hazard. Their
conduct subsequently proved that such was their belie?
for was it to be supposed that in an establishment whew
a capital exceeding Itto,ooo/. had been invested, and
only a part of it insured, that they would have ri'ked are
uninsured property of 30,0001. or 41.1,0001. by any plan
which they knew to be more hazardous ? He only
mentioned this circumstance to show how honourably Lis
clients stood in Court. He would now come to th.,
objections urged against the claim which his client 4
had made ; and, first, to one which his Learned Friend,
Mr. Searlett, had said, lie (the Solicitor-tieneral)
had passed over slightly. Ile would allow that his
Learned Friend possessed advantages which he did
not. lie (Mr. Sc;orlett) had fourteen or fifteen grounds
of defence, and it was impossible for him (the Soli-
citor-Hem:al) to be aware, at first, of which of them
lie would avail himself. His Learned Friend had said,
that the plaintiffs bail not given in the policy a proper
description of the place insured. To that lie agswereo,
that it was well known to the defendants that only a
part of the premises were insured, and that such part had
a communication with other parts of the building. They
(the defendants) must have been acquainted with this cii -
cumstance, for they had insured a part of the same pre-
, noises the year before. They bad insured only a part ;
and, if they wished, they might have demanded a view
of the whole. He would now, before he came to Il e
other points, say a word as to the necessity of giving a
' description of the place near to that insured. He con-
! tended, that even if this process was carried on in the
part insured, it would not be necessary to give a descrip-
tion of it., unless the risk was thereby increased. Hut
bow had the defendants themselves thought of this in-
creased risk ? Let the Jury look to what occurred wine
respect to Mr. Harris, of Liverpool. lie had applied ti
the defendants fur leave to use oil and tallow in his poo-
-1 cess, and they endorsed their complianre on the bail, lei
the policy without charging any additional premium.
Was that the conduct of men who conceived the hazard
increased by the deviation from the old process? So
much for what had been thrown out respecting the
policy. The Learned Gentleman then proceeded to con-
tend, that the old plan was attended with more dangec
than the other, and cited as a proof, the means which
were resorted to by several to refine sugar without 1-wi-
ning the risk of its boiling over—a risk to which the e:,I
plan was constantly exposed. Mr. Martineau, for th,s
purpose, bud Myers* to aisinu, and, iss loiter to raise
the sugar to the required temperature, was obliged to iis -
the high-pressure steam-engine—an engine which oil.
confessedly attended with very coniiolerable risk. It
had been attempted by one of the greatest chemists e
this country. Mr. Howard, to prevent the boiling uvoo-,
had suggested the boiling in ewevo ; and, at the press sit
moment, the defendants were proprietors of a patent
preventing this danger.
Mr. Kerjeant Bursar h -re interrupted the Soli, it., -
tieneral. and begged to state that he was mistaken ; it
defendants bad nothing of the kind; they were uut r u..-
cerned in any sugar-manufactory.

The SOLICMOR•iiESERA L continued. He had made is
mistake ; but it was one for which the Jury would hie
give him. lie had fallen into it from cordounding• the
present defendants with the defendants in another i'a•c.
Now, in order to infer the greater risk from the use of
oil, what had been said ? 1 hat oil produced an it.-
flammable gas which was extremely danerous. It Lat
had his witnesses said on this point?—That they ns..it
l'ollllllon whale-oil, and that it produced no gas rimier .t
lemperainre of 314) or WI. It was said, that they had cot
gas from nil at a temperature of 100; but then that
from oil which had for I 9 months been at several times
exposed to heat. Others of the witnesses had deposed,
that they had got gas from oil at a temperature nut much
above 300; but, then, how was this done ? The oil was
got front NI r. Taylor' a, and the evidence of Mr. Ferri-
day showed, that in refining oil, some sulphuric acid was
used, sod this would tansy gas at a loner tenapera'ure
than the nil, if unmixed with any foreign ingrediew-.
What then, was the deduction front this? Was it n••t
that the oil used by the plaintiffs had nut gone Marlin .4h
such processes as to make it give out gas at 354); and
that in the oil used in making the experiments, Om,e
must have been some foreign ingredients ? It was Ina! at
fur the defendants. that the oil used gave out gas at
temperature o13.SO; and, in some instances, as low a. 3:4'.
Why, this was lest than the temperature at which the oil
used by the plaintiffs was generally kept; and if, as 'tali
;wont to be inferred on the other side, the gas was etturir.g
down, and accumulating day after day, it should liar, ex-
ploded in August or September, and not in November.
The defendants then, in this instance, proved too intich ;
fur, if there was any foundation in the analogy they isb-
to show between the oil used iu the experiments and that
used by the plaintiff.. it must have hall the effeet of eausing
au explosion long before the time at which the tire took
place. His Learned Friend (Mr. S.) hail asked, `•
nut call Muller ; he is in your power ?" This was an
observation common to hoih sides; and be rentrmsberrl.
well a remark which had once been made by a Learn .4
Judge, who then presided in that (mart (Sir V. 6:bbi).
He laid it down, that, where one party had a duanuient
to which the other had no access, the uou-producti:fn of
it, if desired, would raise • presumption against the
party withholding it; but the sante reasoning could rot
apply to the nun-production of a living witness. who
was in the power of both parties. Muller was in Cos. t•
and, if the plaintiffs did not produce WM. why hart not:
the defendants called him, after they had admitted that
be was an important witness? He knew the obi
weighed against his clients, hat it had just Mao
weight against theotber side,and ntizht only be cosi....lerrll
as dust in scale. But let the Jury see how the case stood
with respect tu the ere. There irss no a ppearAtire, no .n,. II
' which indicated the combustion of inflammable vapcits ;
and, if any such existed, same of it must have been sea -
t:red about unconsamed„ which would emit an unpleas..nt
smell. If it were communed all at Once, :hare moo
nobeernzpaniuseicolorlowsuionirawrbli.clanowrownasid
alinayreoiterstylajle:l4:l
tired which could indica,' the repent!** of enflamin •tr
vapour. If the fire ha i been caused by the ration'. .

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To 11W PROPRWTORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK. CITY OF LONDON GENERAL PENSION SOCIETY,
V'd 1.tD1.11 IND IiaNTI.PNEY, /Oa TIC PIN NNNNN T RNLI./ OF DENAVFD ARTISAN.,
Pe- v7F. beg leave to ofrer you our grateful ae- 11111CHAA% AND TURIN EIDON a.
12 V kaiivdejement. f..r the honour yoe have conferred THE ANNIVERSARY FESTIVAL will be
at Nes, ha Re-eiretine us into the Direction. celebrated at Albion House, Alderagatirstreet, on
ti Trastinat that the Preprietors will ever find us deserving TEVIRIDAT, April 20, 1920.
A V 01 use confidence they have reposed in us, The Right lion. the 10513 MAYOR, M. P. Presideet,
le- We hart tli honour to hr. with the greatest reaped, in the Chair.
Ladies att,l Gentlemen, *TEE AR Di.
nt Year mast obedient and very humble servants,
Sir Wm. Curtis, Bart. M.P. W. Imavell. Esq.
nf JACOB BOS ANQUET, Thomas Wilson. Esq. M.P. J. Malcott. Ea .%
it JOSEPH L'OTI'ON, .. V. P. J. Mansfield, Esq.
W 11.1.1 AM TAYLOR MONEY.
lit P. Bodkin. Esq. J. March, Esq.
EDWARD PARRY, C. Brind, Esq. E. Poston. Esq.
THOMAS REID, J. Brown. Esq. A. Redford. Esq.
WILLIAM WIGRAM. O. Chappell. Esq. W. Richardson, Esq.
r.
EastJndis House. April IS. 1920. B. Denham, Esq. J. Scott, Esq.
I
(i. Derails, Esq. J. R. Smith. Esq.
t AMICABLE SOCIETY, roe INSURANCE of LIVES, J. P. Harrard, Esq. J. Thompson. Esq.
H. Hickman. Esq. W. It. Thrupp. Esq.
SiltiltANT'it-fius., FLEET-VT*l[lT, LONDON,
J. Johnson, Esq. A. Weller, Esq.
iNCORPORATXD NT Q1:11:4 •N Nit, 1705. Dinner to be on table at Four, for nee s'eieek:Obtair.,
it FirHE DIREGIVitB helm sow to ofterto the —Tickets. les. each, to be had of the Segments, at the 'Fa-
IL attention of the PuWit. TABLES of RATES, which vitro, and of
have been lately consplestd, for the Insurance of Lives. at Mr. D. RICHARDSON. lion. See.
't the various Ages from Stu it ; either for the whole life. an) No. 1, Walbrook.