The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-09-16 00:00:00

ARRIVAL' AT DALKEITH

Throughout the whole of Tuesday, Dalkeith presented a
busy scene, in consequence of the expected arrival of her
Majesty. The Duke of Buceleuch, with his wonted libern-
lity, laid open his grounds to the public, who entered by the
Lupton gate. In the afternoon, about three o'clock, an im-
mense multitude had assembled, w ho lined the road through
the park, by which the royal cortege was to reach the palace.
Along the road towards Edinburgh, numbers of people had
assembled in carriages, on horseback, and on foot, who
waited patiently for upwards of two hours, ere the royal
party approached. Soon after three o'clock the Duchess of
Buccleuch arrived, and was greeted with great cordiality by
the assembled crowds. ' The church bells in Dalkeith were
tolled in honour of her Grace's arrival, and continued to
ring their merry peals until after her Majesty 'had entered
the Palace. Flags were hoisted from the steeples of the
churches, and every face appeared gay_ and happy. About
a quarter-past five an advanced guard of the Enniskillens an-
nounced the approach of the royal cortege which shortly after-
wards appeared, when her Majesty and the Prince were greeted
with huzzas from every quarter. The royal carriage entered
by the Queen's gate, and proceeded along the park at a rapid
rate. Inside the Park presented a most beautiful and ani-
mating picture. Every part of the road was lined with the
inhabitants of Dalkeith, and also a considerable number
from Edinburgh, who cheered the royal party as they ap-
proached. A party of special constables and county police
lined the inside of the Park, and contributed much by their
presence to preserve that order which adds so greatly to the
delight of such a scene. Immediately after her Majesty had
entered the Palace, the Royal standard was hoisted on one
of the turrets. A party of the 53d were stationed within the
Park, and their fine band continued playing until the Queen
approached, when the national anthem was performed. The
colours of the 53d were kept in an adjoining house, but as
soon as. the Queen had arrived, they were conveyed to the
palace gate leading to Dalkeith, where a guard is placed, and
unfurled. The gentlemen and yeomen of the county who ac-
companied the Queen from town escorted her down the
Park, returning by the Dalkeith gate, and proceeded in small
groups homewards.

Her Majesty and the Prince remained in the palace during
the evening, the journey performed yesterday'having fatigued
the Queen. At eight o'clock the Royal party sat down to
dinner. Covers were laid for twenty-eight.
It is generally understood that her Majesty will remain in
Dalkeith Palace during this day to rest from the fatigues of
the journey from Drummond Castle, From her Majesty's
well known activity, however, many anticipate that she wilt
walk through the grounds at Dalkeith, this truly noble park
being well worthy of inspection. Her Majesty was expected
to embark from Granton Pier on Thursday, (yesterday,) and,
if it suited her Majesty's convenience, the embarkation might
easily have taken place at 9 or 10 o'clock.

SPEECH DELIVERED BY HIS MAJESTY THE KING
OF PRUSSIA ON LAYING THE FOUNDATION
STONE FOR THE NEW BUILDINGS DESTINED
TO COMPLETE THE CATHEDRAL OF COLOGNE.

On the conclusion of the religious observances which pre-
ceded the act of laying the foundation stone, the King took
the trowel in his hand. When he advanced in front of the
stone, a loud shout of exultation arose, which continued
until His Majesty by signs indicated his wish that it should
cease. Silence being restored, His Majesty delivered in a
loud and clear voice, the following remarkable speech :
" I take this opportunity to welcome heartily the numerous
guests who, as members of the Cathedral Building Associa-
tion, have met here from all parts of Germany to celebrate
this day. Gentlemen of Cologne, a great event is about to
take place among you. Your feelings will tell you that it is
no common edifice you are about to erect. It is the offspring
of the spirit of union and concord among Germans of every
creed. When I reflect on this, my eyes are filled with joyful
tears, and I thank God that I have lived to witness this day.
Here, where this foundation stone is laid, will arise the
noblest portals in the whole world. Germany builds them,
may th-ay, by the grace of God, be to her the forerunners
of a new, a great, and a happy future. Far from them be
all that is anti-German—that is to say, all that is base, false,
and insincere. May this portal of honour never be dis-
graced by bad faith or by the unworthy disunion of German
princes or of the German people. May this structure never
disturb the peace of creeds. nor impede the progress of
social order; and may that spirit which once interrupted the
building of this house of God, and injured the well=being of
our common fatherland, find no entrance here. The feeling
that has prompted the buildino, of these portals is the same
that 29 years ago made us break our chains, rolled back in;
suit from our native land, and division from its shores ; it is
the same spirit which, fortified by the blessings of my de-
parted father (the last of those three great kings), two years
ago displayed itself with a vigour undiminished in power
and unimpaired by time ; it is the spirit of German union
and of German power; and oh ! may the portals of Cologne
Cathedral be its most glorious triumph ! May the spirit
which has given birth to this great work serve to complete it;
and may it prove to most remote generations, that Germany
is great and mighty by the union of her rulers and her people,
and that she has, without bloodshed, consolidated the peace of
the world! May it attest that Prussia is happy in the glory
and prosperity of her own fatherland, and in the fraterniza-
tion of her different religious creeds. all one and alike in
the eyes of the Divine Creator. I pray to God that the
Cathedral of Cologne may continue to tower above this town
and all Germany and that it may be a witness of peace and
happiness among mankind until time shall be no more.
Gentlemen of Cologne, your city has by this structure ob-
tained a high pre-eminence over all the other towns of Ger-
many ; she has this day proved herself worthy of that pre-
eminence. Join then with me as I strike the trowel on the
foundation stone. Shout with me the thousand times re-
peated rallying cry 'Ake Cologne.
This speech, spoken with the most lively enthusiasm.
kindled like lightening in the hearts of the thousands present,
and called forth such an astounding storm of joyful shouts and
acclamation, that we are justified in saying that the history
of the world can hardly show a similar meeting between the
Prince and his people.
The King having once more looked joyfuly and. enthu-
t..,,,any on cue asemtneu inuitituue mind un the Cathedral,
and the cheering having burst forth afresh, his Majesty struck
the usual three blows with the hammer on the foundation
stone, and then retired to the Tribune, where he was received
by the Queen in a manner that produced a deep impression
on the minds of all present.

THE GREAT BRITAIN.-THE LARGEST VESSEL
IN THE WORLD.

Some few particulars respecting this immense iron steam-
ship, the largest vessel in the world, now building by the
Great Western Steam-ship Company at Bristol, and which
will be, ready for sea in the early part of the next year, can-
not fail to be interesting at this period when the questions of
transatlantic steam navigation and of our communications
with India form prominent subjects of discussion. The
Great Western steam-vessel commenced running between
Bristol and New York in the spring of 1838, and has con-
tinued her voyages ever since, often, too, under the most ad-
verse circumstances, with a speed and regularity unequalled.
The Great Western Company, in order to maintain the high
ground which they had attained, and taking advantage of the
improvements made known by scientific research, resolved to
build an iron steam-ship of such vast dimensions and power
as should as much surpass the Great Western as that vessel
had itself surpassed everything previously afloat. As the new
vessel proceeded, it soon became apparent that she would be
a most extraordinary vessel, and the emphatic exclamation
of his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge. on the occa-
sion of his being shown over her on his Royal Highness's late
visit to Bristol, viz., " She is justly named The Great
Britain,' and is a noble specimen of British skill and British
enterprise : I feel that no other nation on the earth could
produce such a ship, and that she will truly be one of the
wonders of the world," will be fully borne out by every
person who sees her. Taking advantage of their experience
of the peculiar excellences or defects in the Great Western
and other steam-ships then in existence, and with the power
of adopting every improvement that skill or vigilance could
suggest, the directors proceeded to build a vessel with which
nothing yet seen upon the waters of the world can be com-
pared, and which is destined to prove experiments as novel
and of as great public interest as the first opening of the
transatlantic steam navigation. As the huge ship proceeded
on her stocks various names were assigned her, among which,
in allusion to her immense size, that of " The Mammoth"
became the favourite. After mature consideration, however,
she was named " The Great Britain," a name appropriately
emblematic a British skill and British greatness. She has
been variously described at various periods, but now that
she is all but completed I have obtained the following de-
scription of her, which may be relied on as being accurate :
The Great Britain is built entirely of iron, with the excep-
tion of the flooring of her decks, and the flooring and orna-
mental parts of her cabins. She is 324 feet in length aloft,
or upwards of 100 feet longer than our largest line of battle
ship. Iler extreme breadth is 51 feet, and the depth of her
hold 32 feet. She is registered 3,200 tons, so that her bulk
far exceeds that of any two steamers in the world. She has
four decks, the lowest of which is of iron, and appropriated
for the reception of the cargo. The upper deck, with the ex-
ception of a small break in the forecastle, is completely flush
from stem to stern, without building or elevation of any
kind, so that, besides the masts and funnel, there will be
nothing above deck to offer resistance to a head wind. The
two intermediate decks are appropriated exclusively to the
use of passengers and the equipage of the ship, and consist
of four grand saloons, forming together a length of dining
room of 300 feet, two large ladies' cabins or family rooms, and
etatP rAnnla, atme,h nr••..a; 33 aa tirr~ hiCCIALAE, La rtb~r
so that, besides the poitibn appropriated to the crew, ste-
ward's department, &c., the immense number of 360 passen-
gers can be accommodated each with a separate bed without
requiring a single sofa to be made up in any of the saloons.
The principal saloon is 108 feet long by 32 t.eet wide, and 8
feet 3 inches high. Besides the vast space appropriated to •
boilers, &c., she has sufficient room for the stowage of 1,000
tons of coals, and 1,200 tons of measurement goods. There
are three boilers, capable of containing 200 tons of water,
which will be hetaed by:24 fires, and she has four engines,
eac'l of 250 horse power, making in all 1,000 horse power.
Some idea may be formed of her vastness, when I state that
1,400 tons of iron have been used in her construction. The
most novel feature about the Great Britain is her mode of
propulsion, which is by the newly improved screw-propellor,
patented by Mr. Smith, of London, ( with improvements made
upon it,) and applied by that gentleman with complete suc-
cess to the Archimedes. With a view to ascertaining the
powers of the screw, as compared with paddles, the Archi-
medes was hired some months by the Great Western Com-
pany, and a series of experiments made with screws of various
size and form ; and it being found that fully an equal velocity
with an equality of power, could be obtained as with paddles,
conferring a great advantage under adverse circumstances
particularly in strong head winds, the machinery at the same
time being infinitely more simple, and at no, time an encum-
brance to the vessel, it was resolved not to use tbs paddles
in the Great Britain, but to adopt the screw, with the im-
provements which had been made in the course of the
various experiments with the Archimedes. The screw with
which she will be fitted will be 16 feet in diameter, and
placed under the stern, between the stern postand the run of
the ship, in which situation it will be quite out of the way of
injury. It is calculated that this substitution of the screw
propeller for the paddles will relieve the Great Britain of 100
tons of top weight, and admit of the boilers and engines being
adjusted in that part of the ship which is best suited to
receive them, and where they best act as permanent ballast.
The Great Britain will he fitted with six masts, on five of
which a single fore and aft sail only will
and
illbectaorprimedas,
topmast
Tmhaeins;
main-
mast alone being rigged with yards
masts will be low as compared, with the size of the vessel,
although the mainmast will be 9a feet long, and the quantity
of canvass, though inconsiderable to what she would carry as
a full rigged ship, will still be as much as would cover three-
quarters of an acre of ground. Her decorations are intended
to be in the first style of nautical establishment.

The executors of the late Marquis of Hertford have
offered a reward of ten thousand pounds for the recovery of
the certificates of French stock belonging to that nobleman,
and for detaining which, Suisse, the late Marquis's valet,
has been tried and acquitted.