The Statesman.
London, England, 1814-09-10 00:00:00

TIIE grAirESMAN

. .
the owners of land who require the kind of services
which he is so eminently . quali9ed to perforte.
The Arst piece of information 'winch We deritie fro*
Mr. D. .relates to the increase in dissent a land,
which he states to have been doubted in- the last
twenty-fire years. The causes of tfris rise is not the
gyration which directly follows this information,
nor are we very clearly made acquainted with them
by subsequent *statements, although we have some
reason to believe that the immense services of this
eminent valuer of land, together with those of his
fellow labourers in the same vocation, have n. t 441
a little contributed to occasion this extraordina. 1
increase. To the important question—" At whit
rate should Corn sell at present to enable the tenants
to pay the rents they pay in general ?" the reply
is, " At the rents that were settled four or five years
ago, Wheat ought to be from 251. to 301. per load,
or 12s. 6d. a bushel." Mr. D. adds, WE have not
set the rents so high lately as about that periodo—
Thus, although rents are now on the decline, and it
is confessed in the next rejoinder, that in setting the
rent of land, " WE," that is the landlords, by the
advice of these Prime Ministers, " do not take the
price of the day as 'a guide, but consider both the
liability of rising and of falling ;" and though the
farmers, no doubt, do the same, or ought to do so,
the price of Wheat in general ought to be kept up to
the altitude of 251. to 301. per load, in order that a I
few individuals may not suffer from changes which
could not but previously enter into their contem-
plation. . .
The courses of husbandry enquired into, and the
particulars stated respecting them, are more calcu-
lated to make farmers than converts to the doctrine
of the necessity of high prices, and the odd user-,
Lion, that a great proportion of the land now
in tillage would return to its natural state,
grass, heath, and furze, if wheat should be be.
low 201. a load, is certainly calculated, in
our view, to afford more just ground for
laughter than alarm. Those who knew any thing
of the stimulus which industry re.thes from
hunger and necessity, must beewarelblitAieoMelfX,
is in no great danger of becominguiess arid waste.
Self.interest will alone prevent any such monstrous.'
apprehension being realised. There are lands which
deserve to be thrown out of cultivation, as well as
otheris which would better repay the occupier, at
present lying waste, considered of but little value;
but the chief encouragement to agricultural improve-
ment and extended exertion on the part of the tenant,
is kept out. of view, and a system of a direct con-
trary tendency is recommended for adoption. - This,
is coinprised In Mr. Thileries *Commendation of
short -leases. Mr. D. says, it 4, r never recommend ,
itl
leases longer than for seven years." Thie we
believe, knowing that the Ihesseeet renewal
leases gives en opportunity for a job to .the 1
surveyor Ad land valuer ; and ire •can as readies
believe \that no leases at all 'aright be a rol% j'
_. l._
more likely to meet with Mt. p.'s apprevii4
annual. job cannot but be conaidered as preferable
r-- 1
So'a lept4unia,l one: But we cannot so tatiiril4l.
Caere ofAbpinion that this is the best mode filieliii.
prOving•cnltivation,
,il'and adding to the prosperity of
our agriculture.
reitnires negreat depth of ob- '
servation to prove,"tbat short terries Wad" out but
:little. encouragement :for the'eutlay of Capital, or tlio
exercise of. mere thatrilthr ssecesierry quantity ,of
labour' to kiep a fareit lA' linage: ,Where there
li but little hOpe , 'of reigenteration: the 'dept..

, _
..
sit Mill .be as • iius4l4. as , possible. • 'We are %,,,
less called upon. to...Asitice .the.. mischievoits.
sinuation that smelt; formers are art injury to
country, by their requiring greater profits than the 0
.Witi• occupy* a ittrgif quantity land. Mr. D.,' and,
those of his opinion, have no doubt heard: tif the
' issued Vililikel and have* doubtless readrof the 1
eagseeal the emtgriktons of the useful but mOitcholy
iiiikits,sliopicifstiett to melciihe fields of Al.Merici,
.14liter,l,hao till their own under thaceverittes,or Ihe!I
lisser• system of Wing-land. These are twenties on.'
-This iitbjeet, wiiiiiiiireiwill quote—.
' " Tbm wdia ilvaSeoi inoinniri ries tegni:-" .'
into every
.04iiterosind mainialeed its ass "
These ware theiewlien small farmers were names..
ona, and when theieum of hornet' happiness was much
,larger than., we for, at present. -We need not be
-told that large ompiers are more likely to have the
Ineans of extenille'ltnprovement in their hands than
Smaller ones ; but we presume that capital alone will
;not produce the deslied 'effect, or "ripply the 'Oll,
.sin industrions.peasantrb 46 a country's pride; which
tests destroyed can never be supplied ;" and, aYter all,
(*bat is it we are endesiouring to discover, it human
VtiPpittess be not the object?
'... Our gravity almost deserts as, when pilteinttbis
I:1 .
topic, and wishing to come at the anioetAl of the
great benefits conferral- upon society. by. the )ite
.changes in our agricoitural system, we cern* to (be
following questions :—.." Do you conceive that a
landlord, with a rentdouble what it was in 1792, is
.iu possession of a bitter income, having reference to
the value of every, thip ?—Taking into considers.
.lion the price, of esewpAsticle he must purchase, I
:do not think be is.. •Without reference to what he
Iftnothasea for his living, how• mach do you think a.
iandloid pots into his pocket now, in cottparison
with what he did 25 years ago ?—Nearly double.
And the repairs are very much in the same pro-
portion as they were , then ?—Yes, certaisly."-
-It appears from this, that notiithstanding the strong
-elosii of this acute surveyor of the iodine of things
mike ... .
to out for Lis pairoosi Otte oilisoestabie co-
.

.1

ceseity, and althaagh it is unquestionablx allowed,
that the pocks' of Avery other class of persons hate.
been emptied,. and patiently viewed in that empty
state, for more than 20 years back, the landlord
.has been all that time filling his, and when he now
comes to take stock, he finds that his income is
double what it formerly was, and the encreased
burdens upon his estate proved to be little or nothing
at all ! It matters not to the public from whom this
advance is obtained, whether this double rent is
expended or not. The question now to be deter-
mined is simply this, Whether the landlords are to'
be protected by a legislative measure, in continuing
a system incompatible with the preservation of the
general welfare of the kingdom, and in spite of the
examples of a return to the just order of things
afforded by other countries ?

An article which we quote from the French Pa-.
pers, hekded " Observations of the Chamber of
Commerce at Nantes on the Slave Trade," must
make a deep impression on all the feeling and ho-
nourable part of the British nation. 'l'hree.fourths
of the ships employed by the French Slave Traders
were fitted out at Nantes ; and it is most in-
teresting at the present period to know the
opinions of the commercial path of France on
the subject of this traffic. This trade in blood,
which, but for the late change in affairs, and the
most unfortunate concession that ever was made by a
British negociator, would never have been open to
them, is beheld with an appetite most wolf-like, and
the prospect of its discontinuance, after it shall bans
been five years re-established, is regaided with a
horror which we thought the traffic Itself could alone.
mite.

DESPERATE ACTION BETWEEN THE AVON BRI-
TISH SLOOP OF WAR, OF 16 GUNS, AND THE
WASP AMERICAN SLOOP OF WAR, OF 20 GUNS.
MILFORD, THURSDAY MORNING, SEPT. 8, TEN
O'CLoce.--Nie have just been informed that an ac-
tion took place betinen his Majesty's sloop Avon,
and the American sloop of war Map, of 20 guns,
`near .I(in—sale, when, after two hours and twenty mi-
nutes desperate fighting, the Castilian sloop of war
hove in sight. The Wasp" endeavoured to make off,
but the Castilian got up, and poured in her broad.
side, and immediately discovered • signal of distress
from the loon, and had scarcely time to take out
her crew before she sunk. Air loss is her First
Lieutenant killed, the Captain and several Officers
wounded.—lt is at3pposed the Wasp. also sunk, for
after the broadside from the Castilian, she was ob.
served water logged, and..wes ant afterwards saes.
This may be relied'on.
P. S. The 'action took place between Cape Clear
and Kinsale, on Sunday night last.—The Captain of
the Avoil and At Second Liefitenunt wounded se7
verely.
Hon. JAKti ARBVTIIIIOIr, Cftptain of.tbe Avon Um*
IfAxvitir, First Lielitenatit of do.; Joan PitesiDcatmse,
*oast Lieutenant et do, ; JAMES A Lt.si. blaster of do.

•
Mr. STRATIORD CANNING, 'Ambassador from
England to jibe Helvetic Prinfederation, arrived
tat IS, at Geneva. •
A report 4 current yesterday afternoon, thlit the
&wen sloop w4rrl. on* American station,. had
been capturesit.t
A letter from Parit;SetetfSept. 5, says, yesterday
praym were read in the Hotel Borghese, now °c-
c.) Jied by the Duke of Wer.urroToN. The English
in Paris, to the amount of one hundred; assembled in
?I.:. great Dining-room : the Service was perforated
i the:Chapldlo, to. the Embassy in full canonicals ;
:akj?uke of WELtalloToN attended.
Titepeace, it is calculated, will finally throw out
employment 25,600 naval and military,otficers ;
k;1000 Government Clerks ; and 280p00 non-com-
missioned officers and privates; , •
kowsGineral ANSON'S, Regiment, the 23d Dragoons,
commanded by Lord K. MANNERS; lefor-the present
to be stationed, at Manchester, previous, as Slip-
;posed, to their relieving the Bth Dragoons in India.
It is now understood; says an evening paper, that
the intended grand expedition for America, under
Lord 11 a., does not sail.in this yeaf, the season he-
• ing too far advanced.. Arils further reported in the ,
military circles,sikl4he gallant Lord is, for the pre-
Mot, to be placed On tht dome Staff, as Commander
of the forces in Scotland. The apedition ender or-
dercat Plymouth is still expected to sail; the troops
belching to it are estimated at 7000 men, Incddingy
eat suppose, those ready for embarkation at Ports-1
fah.
fate distinguished defaulter in Ornnium ie dis-
,ng of all his valuable effects to satisfy, so far as ,
VI is-his power, the demands of his creditors.
rise on teas f 2d in the poundf will produce
urge of sixpence on the consumer.
manufacturers of yarn at Manchester have we I
regret to state, come to a determination to desist
f(iiiin spinning that article until they can obtain the
• .
rew; material at an inferior price. At Bolton, all
.the factories are asid to have stopped except one; and
14 'many other places the example will be followed.
-This is an unpleasant domestic occurrence, if it con-
tinues, but need not be considered in a worse light.
In France, whenever BONAPARTE had a more than
ordinary demand for men, it was his habit to order
manufactories to be shut up, in order that necessity
might drive the workmen into,, his , service. In
England manufacturers and their families must be
maintained, when work cannot be procured for
them.

.r • •;•

Mr:Pam:tut, who is appointed Consul-General
at Bourdeaux, was sent out to his destination from
Ireland, in a frigate on the Cork station. Mr. PA a-
NELL is father-in-law to Mr. CaoKra of the Admi-
ralty. The Cork station is precisely that to which
the merchants look for protection against American
depredation ; and yet from that important point a
frigate is withdrawn for the conveyance of Mr.
Caoan's father.in-law