The Statesman.
London, England, 1814-09-10 00:00:00

throe
.omen, we must couclude that there are crow in st.
Domingo
Black weft 204 345
' • 357 600
NY ORM - 153,235

•

The Treaty of Peace which has just been signed
between France and the Allied Powers, permits the
trade in blacks, from the coast of Africa, during
ire years. Without this Convention it would have I
leen impossible to re-people the colony of St. Do. I 51,090 women less than NHL •%
filing° and to cultivate it with advantage to the ' But we think we should not adopt this basis, be.
Mother Country ; but after this period, perhaps too cause, while nature has got rid, by old age and
limited, the importation of blacks being prohibited, death, of the superabundant men since 1788, the
we crust consider beforehand, whether France will be births which have replaced them have been in an
able to continue the cultivation of that colony, or . equal proportion of the two sexes. In the second
Pace, because the scourge of war having fallen prin-
whether, for want of hands, she will not be obliged
to abandon it. On this last supposition it webld be cipally on grown men, is smother cause which would
approximate the numbers of males and females to an
imprudent to engage in the great expenses of the re-
establishment of culture which would demand error.. equality. .
Mous advances, for which the French commerce The population of 1788 was 405,528, we suppose
it now 357,600, the difference is 47,928 persons,
would not have time to repay itself, but which would
be buried in the new abandonment of the colony
of which it will be necessary to import into St. Do-
t. Domingo. . ming°, to restore the colony to the same state of
_ England, in imposing on us this rigorous law, has cultivation as 1788.
decked itself in the specious guise of philanthropy, We will suppose, on account of the reasons which
fn d even yet we see in the debates of the English we have above alleged, that this importation should,
Parliament that some of its Members, setting forth in order to re-establish the equality'of the two sexes,
these respectable principles, brings charge against the be composed of
English Ministry on account of the delay of five years 1 Two-thirdq women
Aud one-third wen •
• 31. 00)
16,000
which has been stipulated in our favour for the trade

w.
io blacks.
These lying declamations cover perfidious projects.
'England has acquired in Judie, by the monopoly and
machiaveliam of its company, four-and-twenty mil-
kions gf subjects, of whom the greatest part, without
bearing the name of slaves, are in such a state of de-
pendence and degradation that the price of their la-
bour, limited to what is most absolutely necessary, is
below the amount of the interest of the purchase
tnoney of blacks and the expence of their food and
suppto t. This immense region, affording all articles
of colonial produce, it is evident that the English
would sacrifice Jamaica and some of the Windward
Isles to hinder other nations from importing blacks
into their colonies, and that thus they would achieve
the conquest of the exclusive supply of colonial pro.
dace for the whole world. The execution of this
project would put all Europe at theirdiscretion, from
the immens superiority in money which the pre-
ponderance of their maritime trade over that of all
other nations would give them.
The policy of Europe is too enlightened to be
warped by these hypocrite preaching') of the Eng-
lish, and we caunot doubt but that at the expiration
of the five years fixed for the duration of the com.
coerce of the coast of Arsica, the Powers, whose in-
terest it is to avert from themselves the British yoke,
will shake it off and maintain their commercial it'd*.

48.000
of which the fifth part will be for each year during
which the Slave Trade will be permitted, 9,600,2v-
50n5. But as it is acknowled that there die tiny..
year on the sea and in America, the seventh part of ,
the blacks imported, we must add to that number'
1371 ;—total to be imported yearly 10,971., Lt was
the custom to fit out at Nantes 30 ships yearly for ,
the different parts of the coast of Africa, in the
black trade, of which 15 were for the coast of An-
gola, 10 for the Gold Coast, and 5 for Galbara.— ,
We may reckon each vessel at 400 negroes; that hill
for the 30 ships, 12,000 blacks. Nantes used to,
carry on three-fourths of this traffic, the fourth there*
fore is 4000—the total 16,000, which comes pretty
near the number of 15,000 blacks, which the Abbe
Raynal says were imported annually into our coif).
W' t theref' ern• • the thi -.fourths

rendence.
But, wel being but simple individuals in the state,
and bound to respect its 'Treaties, shall prescribe to
ourselves as a law, not to reason, but on the supposi-
tion of the cessation of the Treaty, at the end of the
term prescribed.
Four principal questions then present themselves,
as, first-
1. What was the slave population in St. Domingo,
before the Revolution, and what is it now ?
2, What was the pioportisarbotweon the ftomber
of m4O tritelllirtirotismen, at the first epoch, and
what is it at present ?
3. What should be the proportion and the num-
ber of the individuals VC both sexes of which the im-
portation of blacks into St. Domingo should be corn-
sed ?
In .; . .
...
4f'4what are the aftni to be employed to form
there, krete-tpste of five spars, a population gull-
,, dentin* its itiltivirlioo, and, above all, what are the
meant of sapporting it, without having recourse to
fresh itepOriations ? .
in 1.916-I'the blailqiiitidetion of St. Domingo was
as follows : . • . '
' . stateassns - - - 79.7K5 106.903
20.518
. '. -"'
• ... - - V. 1.817
Utiv4.
• •: ••• - - 1V,4V.6 72'545

CURIOUS CASE OF BIGAMY.

CHESTER SUMMER
SUMMER
Henri Re" aged 20, a ..tree-spinner,
Manchester, wad-indicted for bigamy, he having, on
the 10th of October, .1812, married Isabella flam-
ing, at the parish church of Wigan, in Lancashire
his former wife, Sarah Kelsoll, whom he married
1804, being still living. A copy of the marriage ,
gister in each instance was p,tiu and iwone to, tend'
witnesses examined in support of the Prosheation.,
The Prisoner being asked ithiA be had to say, made
rather a long and curious defence. He began by
...e
_..arse to l stating, that he was left to hiMself at an earl• y age,
and became acquainted with his first wife a very Short
.of St. Domingo time previous to their marriage; that her father was
at that time unknown to him, under sentence of
, - - - 79.784- transportation in Lancaster Castle, for felony, where
te- he remained till the expiration of hie sentence; that
be then went to Carlislev, where he invited the Pri-
.
ii7o:' , soner and his wife, promising.to provide fo them",
.I • ‘..r:i 1 ' : 172,48 but when he arrived, he. was coldly. receitti by, 'OW
lthi
Teote , the sense population of slaves, of
...
ONO Kelsall, who accused him of ptealing • Mil• &tighter;
all eglts, INA bode:sexes, was 206,000. There had saying "he was sure she would sliver base married
an increase in this period of 33,452 persons. i such an ill-looking, blink.eyed, round-shouldered
At the end of 1788, it was 405,528, so that in .--- as he was!" That the old man (Kelsell) after-
-24 pert there had been an increase of 199,528 per- wards took his wife from him, and got him turned
eons, that is te say, it had almost doubled by the trade put of his employ ; and his Wifr trough
and by birth,. persuasion of her father, declar
In this whole period ef,.34 yean, the number of not live with him; that she. tett
hisses bad increased in the proportion of from 100. tie :nisei in his absence,, quitted him,
235, or of 7 per cent. yearly. ' • a. roving cruise of seven males
, - The statements of 1751 are the only ones which when she returned, and confessed Ye
tive us an idea of the prOportion which existed be. !tad been living the greater part 'f
' Iween the slaves of the two sexes. The number of prostitute. After lie had taken to
Jaenthen bore to the number of women the propos.-
haviour became worse than before
‘l.-zllon of four to three, and it was nearly in this pro-
da any thing for him, and continual
portion that the cargpes of blacks destined for St.ldrenv if he took the least notice of
Domingo were made up. They were composed of .assuring him they were none of his
two-thirds of men, and one-third of women and tired of his company, anfi would rat'
,
I .
children. The superabundance of men in these car-
than his face. His wife agaile-quit:
,
goes arose from the greater quantity of labour which an absence of two years and ahal,.
• they could perform in comparison of women : but presented him with a fine boy, fifteen
) . this disproportion bet %seen the two sexes, in the first This trifling error he likewise overly
her conduct was so bad, that he coulo .. lure ,
instance, is a cause which was not perceived of the
On one occasion site turned him out of the hisubei
'habitual depopulation of the colonies, and for which
it is important to provide a speedy remedy. and go. a number of men to ill-use him, urgingdient
to throw him into a pond. He had been advisecile 4-.
In our nations, where the births make up for the
1 deaths, both the former and the latter are in the pro-
put a halter round her neck, and sell her; bat he
portion of nearly three in the hundred yearly. So gravely assured the Court, he could not think of
doing any such thing, as his conscience would not
f The proportion of men to women being in St. Do.
in 33 years there are born and die 11X1 per cent.—
allow him to palm so arrant a vixen on any titan
.- . ~
I mingo four to three, it is evident that at the expire-
w ha tever.
,
Lion of 33 years there will remain but 85 individuals The simple manner in which he tetited
• of both sexes; out of 100. Logue of grievances, frequently excited
~ According to this priocirle the 405,528 black factiltiec of the Bench and auditory.
• . 'period of 26 years, since the last enumeration in
;naves of St. Domingo would be reduced during the
• , 1.788, to 357,600 persons.
-: This disproportion bete ern the two sexes has also Pap a fine of
m a Ir'rhiae
gJe
so dsf.eeresufmulmlyedpruopvedth,e
tehveid ejnocrey,l an d
sitation, returned a verdict of Guilty. .1....
Sixpence, and to be imprisoned
?a.,-ibis inconvenience, that as it corrupts the manners of months in the Common gaol.
.. the slaves this corruption itself a ould diminish the
number of births. I
The war which they have supported against the
Europeans, and that which they have carried on
among themselves, has been the cause of a great mor-
tality ; but persons acquainted with the country,
' from having been at •the head of plantations, ate
. convinced that it may' have been made up for by the
increased number of births which less work. and the

ASSf;gll.
cattr

On Tuesday his serene Highness Priv
'lca of OaAriGE visited the Porcelain Man,
of Messrs. CHAMBERLAIN, in Worcester,
he expressed himself highly gratified, and
them with liberal orders.
Mr. SADLER ascends with his balloon
tract, accompanied by a lady, dating
race week.

• .

;•.

WILLIAM DRIVER, Esq.'s Examination.
What are you ?—A land-surveyor.
How many years experience have you had is a
land-surveyor ?—About five or six and thirty years.
In what part of England has your experience as
a surveyor chiefly lain ?—ln all the home counties,
Are you aware of what the increase in the rent of
land has been, between the years 1792 and 1804 ?
—ln the last five and twenty years, the rent of land
has doubled itself; and, perhaps, about four years
ago, the rent of land was higher than it is now.
Do you think there is an increase of the tillage
of the country, independently of the inclosures ?
There is oot much variation.
Cam you form an opinion at what rate corn should
sell at present, to enable the tenants to pay the rents'
they pay in general ?—At the rents that were settled
four or five years ago, wheat ought to be from five
and twenty to thirty pounds a load, or twelve shil,
Hogs and sixpence a bushel : we have not set the
rents so high lately as about that period.
In setting the rent of land, do you tpke the pre•
sent price of the day ?—No ; we consider both the
liability of rising and of falling.
You think, with the wheat at the price of 201. a
load, the tenants could pay the rents now fixed ?
Yes, what has been lately filed.
This is the value you would put upon a farm,
consisting of arable and pasture together ?—Yes,
about half of each.
Do not you take into your consideration, in vs.
toeing an estate, the expenses of that estate as well
as the price of corn ?—Always ; the taxes of all
sorts, except property tax..
If the property tax should be dropped, what dif-
ference would you make ?—We do not consider that
12 make an alteration in the value of land, only that
tVe.farmer puts so' much less into his pocket.
,If labour should lwcome cheaper, do you think
tilt would make a difference ?—Yes, certainly.
D. you think that if the price of corn was 60s. a
would - do-- the

nies. . e muse tore iploy , _.ave.v..._ ___ qi the price of labour _go Own to ,
of the produce of our traffic to re-establish the black , same it ivas previously to the war.—Certainly
population of St. Domingo as it was in 1788. I not. ,
These calculations are rather proportional ap- j What do you think would be the relative propoi-
proximations than accurate bases; het they show, at 1 tion ?—The present price Is upon the average about
first sight, that the space of five years is too small' 15s. a week ; I think it may be roduced to 12s.
for the re-establishment of this island, and that the What was it before the war?--"Frotelemeo to nine
Government should, above all things, encourage the shillings a week. )r • • ..
importation of female slaves into our colonies, and i Can you state whatare the (messed expenset up-,
establish exact ratios to this effect, as aeon as it it i on a farm of 400 acres, in comparison to those' be,
in possession of St. Domingo. 'fore the war ?-4 should think double.
To carry the re-establishment of the island to the. I Do you think that a farm that was let at 4061.
greatest possible height it remains for us to examine a-year'bef—is the'srat ' 8001. -,ear
the great question, by what means we can preserve the -
the black population, at least stationary, without
the need of recurring to new importations.
[To be continued.]

fits.
the distance of .manure
; parts of Eogland there is no uut-
nore but what they make from their own. farm ; if it"
is near a great town, of course that would be con-
sidered. „ .
What do you ousitier a fali iriie!fit to the farmer?—
That depends oPou the quattelti of land, the magni-*
tude of the farm, and the capftl employed; a small
'must - a large farmer.
ly Ile—One-third
andlord, and one-
is no certain rule ;

the rule of one-third
-,oald vary accord.

of heavy clay
wake, is or-
to five.
_

land in cultiva-
.
ify wheat
witty at all.
' rent was greater
?—lt is impos-
were excesiOvely
put at ss. or Bs.
(43.
ly improved ?--
improved cuttiva•,
corn, in conse:
them to pay it;
would not be

hal directed to the
it capital to in-
Certainly ; thig

general, as well
the. lon of those lands
ifsek duce coniequently
lan
'll
Wof wheat should
ireatikiiiiiial4, ice
ID, ') ly. it will, if much unqr
bilks' •
raisediato
of 1-wds

a lot, _'rem 181. to 201.
And you state, that upon Such tends; the tent et
the landlord is in the proportion bf from a fourth td
a fifth of the produce thereabouts: .
You have also stated, that upon liods of a belief'
quality the rent is one.third?-Yessgenerally.apeillis
lug. -
The Committee wish to knew, in case the rk at •
which they can now afford to grow con was; as *Mt
respect to land of the first description; lowered does.
fourth, and as to lands of. the latter destription
third, whether that would not" He the loweit pride tit
whith torn could be afforded to be grown en suet
lands if they paid no rent at all I—Certainly:' ' •
Is the Committee then to understiod, that the 110
pence of growing wheat upon the inferior land* it
151. a load, exclusive of the rent ?—Nearly so; id
heavy cold land.
Could a tenant, ondet the circurestatites
the former question.; with torn at 151.11 load. pay hitt
rent?—Certainly not, because he would not, pethapa j•%:.
get above half a load of wheat upon an acre; which' •
would he only 71. I.os.
is there any different(' its the talue of *heat oft
• this poor land?—Not generally. ..-
.At what value should you tate corn now, iti setting • ,
the rent of an estate?—From IGI. to tBl.
,Upon a lease of what length f—lnever recommend •
longer than seven years. •
What do yon think would be the effect of your,
present valuation of 161. a load ?—That it would be
a serious injury to the greatest part of the farmers
throughout the kingdom, under existing leaseis anti
ruin to many of them.
Valuing the wheat at 161. to ISt. a load,
consider the profit of the farmer would bo the sates •
at that poke, as at your former valuations I—Cer.
.
eolith not.; l think that the agricultural •intetests
unity be compared to the manufacturing iuteresti-that
the one coincides with the other ; that if the one it
protected, the other,shOuld be protected, otherwise
that.the enormous influx of corn from Anierlen, and
from the Continent, would ruin the agilionite_ral fu.
West of this country.
. You have stated what
.would be the elrot4. upon'
farmers ; what would be the effect. open the gain.,
city or corn grown in the country think that,
there would be a considerable reductions thiti, este
very few could afford to grow it at all. .
What description of persons would be able to gro*
it at all ? —None, but upon the very good land,'
where they produce an gunning crop; perhaps from
four to five quarters an.acre, and which requires but
a small cultivation.

.•,

the etfeat of

.

the cult'

NO/ 410.1....-",4.

the.price of•the corn, it woultl be. exactly the
thing; butthet will not reduce labour to its.
ginal: price; for if men get a certain rice, .if the?
kaveloo .muctc they will work only three or fo4).
days ti Week thstead of six, or they Will spend it la'
spirits.'' •
Af,therents were the same as they were 20 years
ago, they could then cult rite at 151. a llad?—
No ; they' could not cultivate, because labour v% oald
not be reduced; and other expences; the tote. upon
their backs, and all other expences, would not bete-.
duced ; if all other expences were reduced to what
they were 20 years ago, then they could; in thatease, '
.
cultivate as before.
You are understood to have stated, that It *heat'
were reduced below 181. a joad, a great 'proportion.
of the heavy clay land would be forced out 'of 'Celli.
ration ?—Yes, if much under 181. per load.
Do you not conceive, that a reduction 00'N itot
would enable and induce the farmer to'cy,liti;si• 604.:
land to a profit, even under the .disadeir.setagst.W.`ll,. ,
low price you have stated ?-2•Protrider'. tatg• 1, • I
other articles were reduced ion, but wt.;: „rte
will not be; provided all the rent • •
lands was taken off, thc.y cadnot c:." at
under 161, or Isl.
Supposing all the rent was ul
off, t‘lii.ite
soit., • .•
pence) of cuttivatirl4 these ;emits *k' •7/
r -seat,
:could they he cultivated to a prefilts,:io„eall''":.
Iling for 181. a loadV-434ittitioteOtuaatirlat.
• •GO
• ,1 . •
Upon the httat`Ay lifids; .•
ti r f wheat koil6o upon 'a firm of 400 acres ".0.44 "
'at getietailit taffelfter hay; first wheat, thin . •
or beans, ileaus.isa better tilt ; then oats and seed
and then lisfAa run the sheep over it; takes five • '
years generair4 sometimes they liebOOCpeitii some-' • ,
tunes one. "Y •
That would make about a fifth 'of iltimfiftn sir
whout?—Yes ; of those poor bias' whereiritit'oUght
to be one-fourth of other land, or one-third.'"" •
They never grow turnips upon them ?—No ;rely
will' not grow'turnips. ' .
461
Kit became impossible foletlte farmers, from WWI
low price of wheat, to grow it upon these lends, they
would return to plitiare?—They would return stet
their natural state, it would be very difficult to gat
good pasture upon them.
they fall back to whet you call their' natural
stateovill that natural state to which they would so
fall back, be so good as the natural state they were '
in previously to their cultivation ?—Certainly not;
they never will be in that -state again, or ate lei a
for many years; there is nothies ra.i.l
poor land converted iiito p.s !ore bud.
Does, not a ;/t v uoble seaeonfra4.
large .prcAnfe of gra4v, comp,miate , the ..fertr.ey or
the diroiniaked price, to, ordinary rice:,

degree.
gmi

1
.1!

' s . ,

•
rou g*e that the present low price of
by the abendant crop of

':=~

~ # ~ ~_}
~~:`~
~..

• ",

~#

" . ..
. ,
THE 'STATESMAN, ,
ii
• • ....
._ ......._
OBSERVATIONS attraction of liberty) which leads them to proem ORIV LAWS. • 1 Alined ?—Ye.; they. *Old not be able to Oil
dr THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AT NANTES their children,I
‘ will have produced. •
...-.4.-.. rents, if they did not cultivate thibi in the *iy they
-,
MraUKTsßiiSLOEctri.TcHoE__E_V_ iDEN CE TAKEN, BREnII.I2I how do. .
ON THE SLAVE TRADE AND THE RE-EsTAH- I We will suppose then, that the actual population ,
mmiTTRE OF THE HOUSE Or 6 6 6
You state, that lands of this oestripttob weld liht , .
LISHMENT OF THE COLONY OF ST. DOMINGO. le 357,600 person), If we follow the proportion , opiktoNs. ON PE riTtoNs RELATING TO THE
-....m00m-- which we have at first taken, to be four men to three , CORN LAWS OPTHIS KINGDOM. be kept in cultivation unless corn was at the pate et 4
erw_ m__...
...e D,....., which has just been aimed women, we must conclude that there are now in SSG '-
_ 201. a load ?—=From 181. to 201. ' ' ` a

'.' ••••• 4/%11, rPII.I.IIIIIIR 1.111111: II 1•11111 Weil w.. mi. am -5,..••• ••• .•••••••• ......• ..........
:amine.' a-yeeebefore the'war, and is now let at 8001. a-year, Do you conceive, that the effect of the cultivation
eseeee - the essences being in.the mean time doubled; would, of wheat being confined to very good lands, front
alma Ai the present price of corn, allow a greater profit to be to raise the rent of those lands ?—Certainly, ►
the firmer then it did in ilys year 170 ?—Certaittly those lands only, not, of others. . l
wttivist . . . ~ : , '' Lowering the eats of all others ?=Yips. , •-• 4
1 7 ate called upon. to fix a. rent upon a Why would th rents of those i!ijayAlik•w't
. . i
. farm, how.„. you get at the value ?We first go over ~.7-41cottse. eiveleiholtB tlr "is-thau,
the.. ...>.,
iand . ~. . o.ainsiteiteeerstitreturn or gran, , upon other land and ' that they wit prods more
• ,7, —it t•"f,7. - , • a, per acre, each field will produce ; corn; with the same cultivation'. • .. ,
[ "OM we there :,,. : ser the distance of the market towns, Tbat would be in consetiemite of the, bad lands '
no f, on conveya, • * canals or otherwise ; next, the out.. beipg thrown out of cultiOettail.-.--Yk...: -.. 'l.
t-shliamte.; gawp,. .e
tijapkso:ompro,-- --1,11:
Iv, grly the tithes, and in, what way they L: You have said, that fetr.child. 'grow corn at- all if
vied
in make those eductions from the actual thw price fell so low • it the 'Pena were reduced'
Produce of the land, and give the farmer his . fair would they go on cultivating teen*, •where
ige IV- . proportiop. of, the profits. there is no lease existing, if the- rhtt *if reduced.tof
)1 and I You also,coielder the distance of .manure ?—Cer.. theßrtice of -the corn, it would be. exactly the samS
ion.,-t Willy; butt) Many parts of togland there is no ma. thin/ i butiliat will not reduce 'labour. .to its ori-
..!_t_

farmei must have. larger profit than a
It What Proportion db•yott generally fix
i for the farmer, oni.thlrd for the landls
,•! iltlid for . the *spoil's; but 'there is no
ti thai'are no two farms alike. •
. Upon poor .Ends, would the rule
!gpirlY ?—No, tertainly not; it would
iog to the quoit*, of the sail.
Upon t til . farm of 400 acres
tr
land, how ma 'y rents must the tenant
I der to bare a r Profit ?—From four t
There_is itaititt quantity of that' lit
ttoll ?;—Otrtalt4 there Is. . _.
I ' It is generally whist land P--4et.
, land, and oats, and beans, not barley
Do yeti tisi -the proportion of rev
or less open
ix
) ds 25 years ago ?.
titbit to sty 4 •'ll.
' low at tlitt limit • ny of them I put
an acre; thifl. .4" put at 1% or 14s.
The tillago ef,thitee lands Is greatly
Very m
! . 're it 4,you',lttribute the imp
don ft 004!". increased price of co
grit. . priatid corn enabling tli
if -corn was eatremetklow, that land v
Worth Coltivatiag.., !I • .
It is the high price of corn that has I
cultivation ef-thoielmuli, a saffitien,
sure their present productive state ?—(
answer applies to poor lands in gei
sandy hod atclayland.
' Dikylob conceive. that the cultivation
will 'be neglected,' and . their produce
( •ik.1i.14, • __E, ' !so iL•i; ...._!..— —• ...S.

rife, through the
ared she woold.
tripped his pfeu-i
' and rentif:
lks Co • tluti,te ,
Ye him, that !Hti
ortitat' ttine as a
her again, ter be-
t ; she reftked to
laity beat tlitethil-•
f theta '44044 ly,
his ; t
rather
tted h' •
slf, ret 9 'itabi
ten month*
rlooked; but still.
Auld not endure. It.

• antler 71111.01. INlOati ;(-4.." fiatiuty. it wits, is snub.. .....r.r.
ed 'his MO 101. per load. - -.&•
the AIMS- What prepertionet. tlit Wheat corn now raisetlAn
"•'''" •1 England do you conceive II the lrocluce of lands
odd .
au &Oh Coming within that description 3--1 should think it
without 116 is very con :able, but I cannot say•what proportion.
Sentenced te • * What wo be the course of husbandry to wl)ch
rolled twelve 'those lands would be directed, in case wheatik,uld
be below ?01. a load P.—They would return "filteir
natural state, grass, heath, or furze. •
ince PRIDE. PliSs of e good. hitter-No, not of a good kind;
Manufactory I speak of, grass with respect to litielay land?, and
er, -at which heath or fame 'the light lands. ,
di . .
.nd honoured Would ibe tal of tie occupiers of thole lends
beloptt or ' impaired, inu sty
paired, in the event of their rbe-
from Ponta- •ing thrown olt.of their present course of tiliagii?-;-
the ensuing , Certainly, toAl
_eery greet extent.
• * • And the enkefen; la.- consequence, distressed or
- .. •
•
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.4. .
. i. . . . • $
. . .t

• , • ',:•''
a'" .
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*,
. . • ,
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. __ _ . . ...._ . . . - .... ~. . . . •
ittined ?-Yes; they .geld not be able in 0.141%
rents, if they did opt cultivate thibi in the titer .they -
i Fnni, ' I bow do. ..
THE
, -
) THEi You state, that'llinds of this Jestriptioh eouiti libi
be kept in cultivation unless corn was at the pate of; •A
201. a load ?-:From 181. to 201. '
h • And you state, that upon such tenth; the tent fit
the landlord is in the proportion of from a fourth td
td as a a fifth of the produce ?,-Yes, thereabouts: . l' •
?yee as
You have also stated, that upon limb of a belief'
nc
quality the rent is one.third ?--Yessgetterally VOA&
nties, hip , , • - _
rent of The Committee wish to knew, In case the price at .
1804 ? Which they can now afford to grow corn was; as With
of land I respect to land of the first descrlpficini lowered lineal.
r years fourth, and as to lands orthe latter description Otte:
. ,
v. I third, whether that would not" tie the loweit pride iii
tillage! whiCh corn could he afforded to be grown On suet ' -1-I', • . ''.'
res ?- I lands if they paid no rent at all 1-Certainly:' • ' ' '
I , Is the Committee then to understand, that the Oka '. '. ' •• ••
,'
should ! pence of growing wheat upon the inferior land* it - , -•, •
e rents'l 151. a load, exclusive of the tent ?-Neatly so; Id .-.
settled heavy cold land. .
am five I Could a tenant, ondet the circurnstattites iltdierttiit
e shil, the former question., with corn at 161. a load. pay hit .
set the rent?-Certainly not, because he would not, pethaliq ,-.:'. .
a
get above half a load of wheat upon an acres which' ..'.•
to pre• would he only 71. I.os. .
ith the Is there any differende in the talue of *heat of ..•-,
this poor land ?-Not generally. ..- ..• i
201. a. .Av what value should you tate core now, iii setting • ,
Led ?.....- the rent of an estate?-From IGI. to 181. . I .
,Upon a lease of what length f-1 never recommend - 5'
: . '`
farm, longer than seven years. •
-Yes,
.... What do yon think would be the effect of your '-.- ' 1 -s •
present valuation of 161. a load ?-That it would be'...
in vs. a serious injury to the greatest part of the farmers .7- ;.- •, •
as yell throughout the kingdom, under existing leasegs anti ' '•,' *.
• -
of all ruin to many of them. .
Valuing the wheat at 161. to ISt. a load, do-you i il,
tat dif. consider the profit of the farmer would be the sans ,
ler that at that poke, as at your for* saivatintisi-Cer. •
fly that tainly not.; I think .that the7laricultural interests " . • :
may be compared to the manufacturing iuteresti-that
think the one coincides with the other ; that if the one it - ...
V- protected, the other,shOuld be protected, otherwise
60s. a that the enormous influx of corn from America; and
to the from the Continent, would ruin the agkiLoijtinral fu.
: -- ..
prtainly terest of this country. sl - .
You have stated what
.would be the 4116' upon'
~
amain.. farmers ; what would be the effect. upon lice (twin. . •
D about city or corn grown in the country ?-I th,lak ,halt'
s, there would be a considerable reductions tbiti lilt-.,
it
• •
to nine very few could afford to grow at all. ' .
What description of persons would be able to gro* . •
. .
loop- it at all ? -None, but upon the very good land,' • .„...n
Dee bet. where they produce an amazing crop; perhaps from
four to five quarters macre, and which requires but
it 4001. a small cultivation.
a-year, Do you conceive, that the effect of the cultivation
mould, of wheat being confined to very good. lands, groat.
rofit to be to raise the rent of those lands ?-Certainly _.
1 ''..-
. ,
trtainly those lands only, not, of others. I •••• ,
'' Lowering the Nita of all others 1-Yes. , •-:,.4 710 . x
upon a Why would th rents of those lands n ' t .........--4. - -
Fo over
....7-gtecattte- arpnwitt rs is ss than . '„
r grain, upon other land and ' that they wil produsce mote
..' 1 , ' •
oduce ; corn; with the same cultivation'. . . .- , ) ~. - '
towns, Tbat would be in consetieetibe of the, bad lands '• ' ' 11, 4 ;
to out.. beipg thrown out of cultlattiOn?.-.--Yee: .. ''l ' ` ' ' •
i.
~,,,-. ,
ay they in: You have said, that few.e.nll4. 'grow corn at all i ...,.. - . , • :;,-,.
e actual the price fell so lOw •it the 'tenth were reduced' .• 2-- -' • ''..,
his . fair would they go on cullivating?=-Ot .tours., • where';::' ''-. -
there is no lease existing, if the- rhtt wit reduced:Of ' : • a,
'-Cer- the.price of -the corn, it would be. exactly the Same'
no ma. thing; but.lliat still not reduce laboor.to its. sari- ~ii
n;if it gine' price; for of men get a certain price, .if they' .
be con. have`too .muclfl.l they will work only three or foul. ,- •
. instead of six days e weekor they will spend it In
...s
mer ?a- spirits.": `-'°• . •,..,
. ' I
magni-' Afaheyeots were the same as they were 20 years
. • ~
a small ago, they could then cult v rte at 151. a Ilad?-
armer. No ; *they' could not cultivate, because labour e staid -•,
le-third not be reduced ; and other expences ; the -coat upon'
, .
ad one- their backs, and all other expences, would not bere-i
a rule ; duced ; if all other expences were reduced to what
.r .
. ~
they were 20 years ago, then they could;1
in abateate ' i. •
•
•
. ~ . - • • . ..
se-third cultivate as before. .
4•
sward: You are understood to have stated, 'dal If Wheat -
, a
were reduced below 181. a load, a great 'proportion-
nets),, of the heavy clay land would be forced out 'of 'Celli:. -.. 'fi
, 1111 or- vation ?-Yes, if much under 181. per load. ' ' .i.
„
, Do you not conceive, that a reduction or !!•;,-, .7r at . '3' '
pt'
ciatlvit.- would enable and induce the farmer tneiVe•;lltf. skitir - ,
• lind to a profit, even under the .disadatiOrago4f th . ,
' wheat low price you have stated ?-2•Proafderi WV- 1, .•. -I ;.4,`• '
.
other articles wers reduced too, but vrt,l: ', t „oil' 5/71 .
greater will not be; provided all the rent • • „so 04/4 • 1
impot.l lands was taken off, thy cannot c.." . thiltiltat .. • i
•
estfively under 161, or lal.
or 61.
peSneropspordofneguahlifytahteinrgenttheas•ase ),;'n0.:..:e,5iiff,.."445d...:•*: ;:e:::eog..,,`eit:„. ' •
• • • I';1-•.:..
toed? T•rosent,
:could they be cultivated to a prolley'W‘lselse'C' 4k
i: • • i
• • Is
'.,/ • .t 'ling for 181. a loadv-456ititinfo *$ ocutiallir 161. '' .' ,I. ,
Milli. •.ri gl ; • . -..--. 4;4.4i-3,-,44 Z. 4.14...,%.:.....; 4.0 .(,0 ~ .;
5 .d.
. .
conse- Upon the httavt`fty liiiids; whit• la tliiitrepor.' ~
pay it; ti --f wheat .*LeitrV upon .a fano of 400 acres?-•;•.': it' '..,4 4
not be vat genera/1Y ttfielfterhay; first wheat, thin otti'.
or beans beaus is a better tilt ; thfn oats and seed ;
then s
~,$,- .
dto the and al4 ta run the sheep over if; lakes five ..-.
~ ~' .
al to in- years generatrit;:gometimes they lletWOCpiiiii semi-1 • 1 '''
ly ; this I times one.' ' 4'' 4 .
- . • .
as well That would make about a fifth 'of thefifin tic
wheat ?-Yes ; of those poor lands; whereattiVoiight
~..- •
Ise lands to be one-foUrth of other land, or one-third.'"
tqUently They never grow turnips upon them ?-No;,"fbasy - -,, •
iould Oe will not grow turnips. 1. , ,• . • ..a . -.*l
~
~,,
. , .--
:11 under lilt become impossible folethe farmers, fronsthi
..; ....,. . -.,1
.:. *.
1 low price of wheat, to grow it upon these lands, that
_`.t- .
aisedAn• would return to piatare?-They would return ;to •04.: , .
of lands their natural state, it would be very difficult to gee '''..•!-:---, . . ...
think it good pasture upon them. ,
iy;
IpOrtiOn. . ,If they fall back to whet you call their' paters'
:0 athilch state,'will that natural state to which they would so
tAguld fall back, be so good as the natural state they were
'their in previously to their cultivation ?-Certainly not;
they never will be in that state again, or ata lei a iv...t ::--..,-
ad kind; for many years; thereis nothior s i“.;., 'he,. irli.kl
ads, and poor land convected iiito pe,sture bud,. .
' Does o
not a :avurible seaeon,t4.sonsta' .""I** •`,
~, cl,-:
t'se tends large .prrAtife of grai9, comp,:lti*e th'e.feret.ey or
their rbe- the diminished price, to, ordinary rico:, !--1:;1' ::,1011 • ~ . .-
. .4 •
'liege ?-•;- degree. , . . •
Da yelget rout ~tie that the preterit low price of , •
.. .
relied or grid is AIM y occasioned by the abendant crop of
-1:
le.
?'; . •.• ,
.
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, . ..... , • .
.. .11.--,4:=!..., ,-:_ • - •