The Statesman.
London, England, 1821-05-30 00:00:00

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41 ' • i • .....1 177...7 -,
ff . 1140.1.1•104. solt! !Id -oliroystiordie eeisisa.....-
taist2r. Amid be Mt dad hiesselfsgais siOiss
• .et potties him anshie to models. Ns 111111_ ~
deft mead have resulted fres dirk search, et frees dm*,
tetopevacybise. Irliwy wall have travereedpeise•
017 die ' erseetwislch separated them boos
"I'• lllNVlmilis ' lis the eiljost lest &delved Pk wide
' eollisideit OW aid, the 10:syr weal(
jrilbri isiterbili whirs fee tbs. to resift IF law
• gre sta iedia.,., thm.....fokc to *petting sad eArro-
• I,trilletgrif aid die love of war, sever.the aasbiti-
;
- oat *to oieseiviebig as etclasive influence in the
-- -4 othatillosarchs, or upon the destinies of
' bi -Providence to their care, direct the
41 ajesty.
sow attest the: sincerity of this

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to Rassia hostile views with
Disturbances manifested them-
Moldavia ; and our coadttet, as
daelorations, have show. that we are deter-
abeam the rights of nations aad the faith
oartelatlons with the Turkish (lovers-

afterwards, to- insi oust', that

sea - . As sow. projects agalast Turkey, is in-
s • rade the western territories of Europe. A signet
- . • coetendie,thret has confounded the authors of these
i t slsoMietteetustlionsr sod the march of our armies, sup-
;
...*, .portesi and maintained by all the strength of the Ern-
. • • -
.pier, has been stopped the moment we were certainly
. ... • - ..Inured that the legitimate Government bad recovered
.•• • ''' ' Pi 'el:t.Ore plealtmle of its authority in the kingdom of
'I -Vv
. the t1..4).:. ks 3atillisia.
t ..-• •., i tires,' Sir, it is with the confidence of having fel-
X 'lined-the duties of a friend and of an ally—it is with
. ..• • . •
+4-. > .7determination of always fulfilling those duties,
, ir
... , .ip
.. VW the COlllll4lll persuasion of having contributed to
- 6 ...1 .4.`.":,' ' the tranquillity of Italy and of Europe that the Ern-
; !. 4 4 . tAr4J: ett i perln 16 iibdtit to quit Lavbach. lie will set off on the
r : , c't> •*\(... • . Ist (13th) May, and will proceed to St. Petersburgh,
h'—e-e../ ,'...; .. . by way of Warsaw, happy to lend his assistance to his
.. (. , 'Allies, lilt should become neestrney—n.rwe happy still
- 4-- 1. t
, , •
Aii • i . 414ir enjoy for a long future the spectacle of a peace, the
•
11, ••,•ijit hessiogs of whirl& liulsia feels, and in the main-
. -4., tenence and consolidation of which she is interested as
't - • - •---:.:.-itessels as any other Lower.
The Pulit:ral system of our august Master not
hying des•inert to undergo any change. all his Sli-
%misters and agents will continue to follow and to
.• . Isexecute the general instructions which they have
'-'lltheao received.
The present Circular will regulate their language,
with respects to the events of which it treats, and the
, .
lower even authorises you, Sir, to make known, and
• deliver's copy of it to the Government to which you are
• -..r ..., .-e accredited, C.
•
\. - . -. S + .(Signed) NICAELRODE.
A • .-"•,4:,. , titil of April (10th of May.) WI.
s ' *tied, thatAtitstria al4:1 expedited, on the
..„c ~r.
.. a;, a circular of similar tenor to all its diplo-
lithe agents at foreign Courts.

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• - POOR LAU'S ..131E,VD.IIKNT DILL.
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tit. Winnow, May In. ISM
i.:,.... . • Dean eta—linsing written a letter, at some length.
\4 lE.:' • . Addressed to you, in the year 1619, on the subject of
e. • ? ;
• - .....41w-Postr Laws, lam induced, bsiefly, to address you
Awe.- • again, for the purpose of submitting a few observations
• on the BM now under the consideration of Parliament,
- fur their intendment : the importance of the subject is
univostily acknowledged.
The Hill proposer, first, to fix a maximum, which
‘'.!, • the Poor-rate, In future, must not be allowed to ex-
ceed. Secondly, to confine all parochial aid, except.
ing to the old and impotent, to those who arc map'
rierl at the time of passing the proposed act; so that
the labourer, who shall be then unmarried, will nit
have any future claim to employment from the parish,
il any case, however di•dressing ; neither will the
pari.li, nor the Magistrates, be able to assist him, in
any degree, in the support of his family, however bar.
. • thensanie it may heroine. The third proposal is, to
prevent the gaining a tet•lement by the birth of the
4.41.r4:-- in•lividual, or from the settlement of his fattier.
p The Coat
jonialititieueonio.fwfihderht:yoaussceoonfreCssoridnmiyosnnsg,
cinesttehde
het Parliament. in their Report on the Poor Laws,
..e.,.. -alp ~
.....;.. •.. .. MA* provisions in various local acts, in
SO
.- . the assessment was thus limited. They, how-
-:.lreer, very fairly apprised the House, that it was thought
necessary by the Legislature, in the year 1;95, to :w-
-here these parishes from the obligation of this clause,
" by reason, (as it is stated) of the late very great in-
• crease in the price of corn, and other necessary articles i
of life." This may, perhaps, he considered as a fair I
, eveitnen of what would happen to the whole
eo.nueinite, if a maximum were to be fixed ; for it
may safely be affirmed, I believe, without any 'lan-
' ger of experience contradicting the assertion, that
1 o mailroom can be named that wun'd not, in a few
years, call for relaxation in some part of the nation
'or wire; mad a masimarn, not unalterably fixed,
' seonl.l eosin become useless, or worse than useless. It
is stated that the value of money is now determined,
and that therafeee the Poor rate of the last year is a
proper ',WIN liir a maximum: it is, however, well
knows;-4at the virtue of money cannot be fixed ; but
that it Will vary like that of all other commodities ;
• and beetles the vast fluctuation that the currency of
• tie country has undergone during the last few
years, it is notoriou4 that money has greatly decreas-
ed in value in the past century. The price of corn
and other necessarie4 of life, also, varies perpetually.;
and in times of scarcity, the poor, as well as others,
.
will require more money to purchase food ; n g
therefore, in a time of scarcity, all the money
by the maximum, to have been expended ki
three quarters of the year; either the maximum
must be dispensed with, or the poor (the aged
and impotent) would endure incalculable dis-
tress. But the most powerful objection to a max-
imum, probably, is the excessive inequality that will
inevitably take place, in different parishes, in the
coarse ea very few years. Suppose the &meant of
the Poor-rate, as a maximum, to have been fixed fifty,
or sixty years ago. in an agricultural parish in bent,
where Do snaaufacture has since been Introduced, and,
at the same time, in another parish, in Lancashire, in
fttieb a part of the great town of Manchester has
slate lowa built. The am eat of the rate, at the time '
orligiag. the maims, alight bare lota awl ; but
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ilk %oat

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1. •ir

yiva, ....ksyx 41 !t.
etiii pplow OttXl4,
i"PalttM mit
teal, to lupe pia are startled at e Kite of pask
'the net; es thht no mai rid obeli tie
that Perl44loarelalits any ataistama-lassnothe.lo,
for want of employment, or op aecoteni. of • bonbon,'
souse t hope Mr. Cotttrlfifylvill not (.04.ft,
the jest oirservatfous that Me &ode pamphl4W.
the Pooplaws,—" that In pohft of expediency, 11141
Mora frellag, perhap• no indirldail has a itrootififl
claim' upon the publie, tn.:- he who, without nail
fault of his own, or improvidence in his patents,
finds himself without the means of attaining, in his
own conniry, the food which he is nhle and winks' to
earn by labour."
This position cannot be controverted, althottgl
there is an man, who hat been conversant with the
calls of the labouring claims., upon their parishes for
employment, who must not be sensible of the manifold
evils, that rank from them : and 'vary friend to the
labouring classes, and to the community at large,
woad rejoice to see any seasonable remedy applied to
them ; but this remedy shout.' he short of obsolete
prohibition ; fur, I ass configlent that the depriving,
the labourer, altogether, of this resource, would, under
certain circumstances, such, fur instance, as we Bevel

r•

lately experienced, generate a greater mass of misery,
than has ever yet been felt in this'countrys. Perhaps
a general prohibition, together with a powei in ex-
treme cases, to make a temporary rate, nutlet the
sanction of the Magistrates, for the express purpose of
'employing the superaunsera7y labourer., might be a
means of averting. the eviii-'anci also of preventing the
remedy from becoming a more severe indiction than
the disease itself. The money raised by this rate
should be spent in remunerating such pers.ms as would
undertake to employ the labourers at low wales ; those
who employed no extra labourers receiving no part of
it ; by which means the barthen would fall with
nearly equal weight upon all the contributor!.
The third proposal is, to do kway removals so far as
they relate to settlements by birth or parentage, with
the exception of paupers, not being English. The
Law of Settlement is, in many eas a, so oppressive,
and leads tii so much litigation and expense, that
numbers of intelligent persons are desirous that it
should be repealed altogether. The great objection
to this measure is, that it would brim back the evil,
to obviate which, was one motive of the .%rt ot. Eliza-
belle being passed : namely, to prevent vagraur7—the.
wandering about of the poor firm] one ;wish to An-
other. But any llletiation of the acknowledged evils
that originate in the Law of Settlement, would be
thankfully received by a great majority of the com-
munity : and the proposed repeal of settlement by
birth and parentatre is well calculated to remove a
part of the grievance: possibly, however. in addition
to the exception to paupers not being English, an-
other exception ought to be made with regard to such
paupers, as are committed to the Mouse of Vorrectloa
by Magistrates, to he passed to their respective pa-
rishes; because great numbers of these are persons
who have served as soldiers or sailors, and havit he-
fluently no settlement excepting by birth or by the
settigniest of their parents. If settlement by kink
therefor, revs repraleiL relative to these men, tir
would hsnikeis legal settlement witatever, and world
of necessity, when relieved from prison, become
vagrants.

it does not appear that any further improvement in
the Law of Settlement is projected, than by the repeal
of that part of it, %dada relates to settlement by birth
and parentage. But I would venture to suggest that
some altera ion fur the better might be made in the
law, respecting settlement by seirire. At present it
is well known what litigation is caused by the Act re-
quiring hitiorg for a year, and serrire for a year. To
the suggestion of ter sling the word hi, iv, and mak-
ing servire for a yell' alone, necessary to gain a set•
element, 1 have nevrr heard any valid or very import-
ant objection —Bat shonlif this he disapproted, it
would donhtless prevent much litigation, if it were
enacted that service for a year, and wages, received for
a year's service, should entitle the servant to a settle-
ment, although hr may hare been taken us trio!, and
the bargain not made, until after he hail been, during 1
same weeks, in the service of his master.—Certainly,
on the principle of the law, this man has obtained as
good a title to a residence in the parish, as if he had
been hired fur a year, and had made his bargain pre-
vious to the commencement of hi* service.
Deeply impressed with this interesting subject, upon
the due management of which the comfort both of the
rich and poor in a great measure depends, I have
taken tl.e liberty of troubling you with Ilse above ob-
servations, upon the pr.rposed. Act, for the amentinfent
of the Poor Laws ; sod I remain, dear Sir, your faith-
ful servant,
ROBERT WALKER.
To • • —._--, q.P. II
• A maximum therefore. I roneeitr, ouhl om be found to
answer its imetreleil purpose ; but u °old, on tho etntrary,
be attended% ith many inconveniences, and at length become
nugatory.
IRISH HOSPIT.MITY, 1177'11 4 CC RIM'

IRIS!! CUSTOM.

TO THE EDITOR OF TIIE STATESILiN.

Six—lnhospitality is in Ireland considered as a
crime of the blackest die, anti as an a.fmnl that is
never to be forgiven. '' John Bull" boasts of his "fire-
side" which nobody sees but his family. 1. Ireland.
the WILL, to which even strasifers are welcome, is
the al rof friendship and the national trophy.
Tb rish consider inhospitaiit4 as synonimous with
hung to inflict, or not to relieve which, they look
I noon a se very greatest cruelty.
Such the stigma annexed to this.erims!sittethoint
se
are turally mean and stingy (which' times
among;happenamong;i
the tender sex), to avoid the uspota-
tion of it, do, through fear, and for shame doom acts
of ostialatioa which answer all the purposes of Madly.
so that in fact, hospitaly it is in Ireland - stnlsionsre

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