The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-08-23 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

In last Tuesday'S• STANDARD, in giving the first intimation
of the riots which have since spread so alarmingly in the
Potteries, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, was stated as one scene
of disturbance, instead of Newcastle-under-Lyme.
JUNIOR CLUB-HOUSE.—In answer to a correspondent rela-
tive to the progress of this institution, we are authorised
to state, that negotiations for a suitable locality are in
progress, and the result will speedily be announced.

Ebe tver afloi tailbarb.

TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 23, 1842.

We beg to draw attention to a letter addressed by
Lord Francis Egerton, to the editor of the Manchester
Courier, and which will be found in another column.
It is pre-eminently honourable to his lordship's heart
and mind, whilst to those dependent upon him, it is a
testimony to their right feeling and strong good sense,
as valuable as it is handsome.

The condition of the working classes of Great Bri-
tain must surely now receive the prompt and anxious
attention of the legislature. We see on every side of
us their wretchedness—a wretchedness which has been
growing in intensity for years past; we see how utterly
powerless they are in the struggle into which the sel-
fishness and avarice of employers are constantly plung-
ing them ; that a grinding money-ocracy is tearing
their sinews asunder, draining their blood drop by
drop, and reducing them daily nearer and nearer to
the level of the beasts, or to the state of the insentient
machine by whose sides they toil ; and we cannot—for
it is no longer safe—defer a searching and full enquiry
into the extent of the evil and the nature of the remedy
which it demands.

What is, we ask, the system which is now going on
around us—our manufacturing system ? 'What is its
tendency ? Is there any save the veriest dreamers who
dare to say that it is one by which the sum of human
happiness is increased, or which can end in anything
but a convulsion of the society in which it exists ? 'We
have penned up our population in mines and mills;
we have withdrawn hundreds of thousands of men and
women from the light of day and the fresh breezes, to
immure them in the fetid and filthy atmosphere of our
manufacturing towns; and we are grinding them into
gold for the millocrat and the capitalist. We are mak-
ing experiments in Hamceopathy to discover the pre-
cise amount of food upon which human beings can
subsist and perform our tasks, as we would to learn
the quantity of oil which would keep our machinery in
working order, or the coal which would produce steam
enough to drive it. We are striving to ascertain the
amount of torture, in the form of unhealthy occupa-
tion, which our toiling slaves can endure without being
goaded into outrage, and to the destruction of their
taskmasters.

And fearful indeed is the progress which we have
made towards this point at which endurance termin-
ates ! The history of our national industry for the
past twenty years—what is it but a history of encroach-
ments upon the comforts, the independence, the moral
and physical well-being of the working man ? We
have driven down the price of his labour until it no
longer provides food to support him or clothing to
cover him. We have made him the mere appendage
of machinery, and we are daily exhausting our inge-
nuity to lessen the dependence of that machinery upon
his guidance. In two-thirds of the operations of the
manufacturing labourer, the hands of a child, a girl or
a youth, are performing now the work for which a
skilled adult was not long ago required. The spinning
frame and the power loom—our chief producers of
manufactured staples—are managed chiefly by such.
Our silk mills are filled with such. Throughout our
manufacturing districts the order of nature is inverted.
The male adult is a useless burthen upon his wife or
his youthful offspring. " THE CHILD is indeed THE
FATHER OF THE MAN !"

Nor do the most sanguine of the eulogists of the
manufacturing system look forward to the occurrence
of a check to this downward progress of the labourer.
We hear never—we contemplate never—the placing of
the labourer in a condition of comfort, by means of a
higher money rate of wages, or by the restoration of
the adult to his legitimate place in society. We hear
only, as the remedy for this distorted state of things,
of reduction in the cost of the necessaries of life—of
the oil and fuel by which the human machinery which
we employ is fed and propelled. We legislate, in fact,
in reality and solely for a reduction in the first cost of
labour. The amended Corn-law, the new Tariff—
valuable measures though they be—profess no greater
object than this. We bring down the cup to the level
of the lip which thirsts for it ; but we leave out of our
contemplation the means by which the object of our
sympathy may be held up in his present position to
drink of it. We never dream, even, that, low as we
may reduce the cost of subsistence, the manufacturing
labourer will not ultimately and surely progress in his

downward course until it becomes once more above his

reach.

We are told, indeed, by our " liberal " philosophers,
that measures of free trade will produce such a change
as is to be wished for ; that an increased foreign com-
merce. and stimulated production of manufactured
goods will sweep from before our eyes all the distress
which surrounds us, and the danger which menaces
society. But does past experience bear us out in en-
tertaining such hopes ? No. Upon the showing of a
"Liberal" millowner—Mr. John Fielden—proved, too,
by parliamentary returns, we learn that we stimulated
our production of manufactured cotton goods in the
interim between March, 1836, and February, 1839, (in
Lancashire alone,) from 23,700 horses' power at the
former date, to 36,393 horses' power at the latter,—in
all, 53,15 per cent. Did the amount of human labour
employed in comfort increase in the like ratio ? It did
not ! The number of the population employed by these
mills increased only, as demonstrated by the same
returns, 21 per cent. ! We had thus an increase of
manufacturing production, such as is contemplated by
the Liberal philosophy of the day ; and yet the labour-
ers' progress to wretchedness was not arrested one
step. The destitution of the manufacturing population
was greater at the end of 1839 than at the commence-
ment of 1836 !
And how, if we now consent to adopt the specific
pointed out to us by the Anti-corn-law League and its
organs, and it is temporarily successful? If production
is stimulated, the labourer employed, comforts brought
within his reach—if, in fact, what the manufacturer
calls "prosperity," is the temr orary result—how are we
to ensure its continuance ? Bow are we to ensure its
continued enjoyment by the working population ?
Production and employment, we know, do not pro-
gress in an equal ratio ; and when we haye rendered
more vast our powers of sup;olying the world with
manufactured goods—when w e have destroyed our
native agriculture and congregated the peasantry,
which it now employs, in our m anufacturing towns—
we shall still find that we have only plunged deeper
into difficulty and danger—that we have only extended
more widely the mine beneath us, whose explosion
may at any hour—at the pleasure of any reckless millo-
crat who chooses to tell starving men to "go and play"
—involve in one mighty ruirn our mills, our loom-
shops, our mansions, and the v(!ry frame work of society
itself.

In fine, the extension of the system which we see
working around us, by such means as are proposed by
the Liberal millocrat, would only be a step, and a giant
one, towards a civil convulsion. The power of CAPITAL
to enslave society must be cur'bed, not increased. Our
legislation must be directed to the protection of the
working man and of society itself, which is threatened by
his frenzy; and not merely to swell the hoards of
" Liberal " millocracy. The labourer must be raised
from the earth to which we have bound him,—enabled

to walk erect in the light of Leaven, which is his as
well as ours,—and released alike from the grinding
power of capital and the maddening appeals of the
incendiary demagogue.

By what measures such a consummation is to be
attained we shall not at present attempt to point out.
One step, however, wo will .mention ; and we cannot
do so better than by adopting the able language of a
gentleman for whose warning appeals in the hour of
danger the people of England have had, more than
once, occasion to be grateful. The writer is Mr. John
Gladstone, of Carlton-gardens and of Fasque.

"These gentlemen, our manufacturers, have reaped the
profits of their systems, and it is to be hOped they will for a
time submit patiently to the disappointment or loss caused
by the reverses which have followed them as the fruits of
their success. I contend they have no right to call on the
country to make further sacrifices for their separate advantage
or protection. It is the principle of our poor laws, that the
property of each district of the country shall provide for
the wants of those among them requiring assistance. This
principle may press heavily in the present instance, yet,
notwithstanding, it must be applied and acted upon, as
being just and reasonable in itself."

Need we say how entirely we agree with the humane

. ,
sentiment here expressed ? The millocracy of the
northern counties have drawn around themselves a
population which is now and may hereafter he a fa-
mishing one; and if they choose in wantonness to
close their mills against that population, they must be
taught, by a just and even Liberal POOR LAW, that
they shall not be permitted to hand them over to utter
destitution.

LOCAL NEWS.

On Friday afternoon the British and North American royal,
mail steamer Caledonia, Captain Lott, sailed for Halifax and
Boston. She carried out between sixty and seventy passen-
gers. Mr. Charles M`lver, one of the co-agents, has gone
out in the Caledonia, on business connected with the steam-
ers composing the line.
AWFULLY SUDDEN DEATH.—Yesterday morning a young
man named Thomas Kenyon dropped down in a stable in
Dale-street, and was instantaneously a corpse. No further
particulars have yet transpired. An inquest on the body
will be held to-day.

POSTOFFICE MONEY ORDERS.—The number of money
orders issued and paid at the Liverpool Postoffice in one
year, ended the sth July, 1812, is 126,309 : amount £273,464
19s. 9d. ! In the year, ended sth October, 1838, the number
issued and paid was 6194: amount £9411 Os. Bd. The in-
crease in the number is more than twentyfold, and in amount
'nearly thirtyfold.
WAVELTREE CHURCH.—This church, which has been
closed for repairs for a few weeks, was re-opened on Sunday
last. The painting and cleaning of the church was done by
Mr. Codes, of Liverpool. The church has been erected
about half a century, yet there is all that simplicity and mo-
dern neatness in the interior which becomes a place dedicated
to the worship of Almighty God.
STEALING FROM A VESSEL.—A youth named William
Knowles was yesterday committed to hard labour, by Mr.
Rushton, for stealing a quantity of wearing apparel from the
forecastle of the ship Godwin, lying in the Brunswick Dock•
The articles belonged to a seama❑ of the:ship, which is to
sail on the Ist proximo, otherwise the prisoner would have
been committed fur trial at the next sessions.

The Rev. T. S. Bowstead, incumbent of St. Philips'
Church in this town, has been promoted by the Lord Bishop
of Lichfield and Coventry to the rectory of Tarviu, in the
diocese of Chester, void by the resignation of the Rev. R.
W. Evans. We believe the incumbency of St. Philip is at
the disposal of Mr. Cragg of this town.
ODDFELLOWS.—Yesterday the annual procession of the
Grand United Order of Oddfellows took place along the
usual streets of this town. They were accompanied by bands
of music and many large handsome flags, and presented a
very respectable appearance. Their numbers were very
large. We presume this will be the last display of the kind
permitted in the streets of this town. • •
Tfl E ABDUCTIONISTS. —On Wednesday morning last, by
the quarter to nine o'clock train, John Orr M`Gill, Johti
Osborne Quick, Richard Jones, Samuel Martin Copeland,
and Jane Clayton, the parties convicted as principals and
accessories in the abduction of Miss Crellin, were conveyed
to Lancaster, there to undergo their respective terms of im-
prisonment, in conformity with the sentence passed upon
them by the Lord Chief Justice at the assizes just termi-
nated.

LAUGHABLE MISTAKE.—A certain gentleman of this

town, who may occasionally be met with taking his quantity
of Thomas's Welsh ale, was on Sunday last sttending divine
service at a church in the Lake country, when he was not a
little surprised by a request from the officiating minister,
who had mistaken him for a brother divine, to undertake the
performance of the afternoon service. By those, however,
who have noticed the devout exterior of our friend, the mis-
take is not one to excite great wonder. Not possessing a
sermon in his pocket, the request was of course declined.

ST. BEES COLLEGE.—The Bishop of Chester has requested
the principal of St. Bees Clerical Institution, Cumberland,
to increase, if possible, the number of students to 100.
About 60 are at present in training for the ministry in that
college. The Bishop of Chester, as well as the bishops of the
adjacent dioceses, have expressed their conviction of the great
usefulness of this institution, which has sent forth so many
able men into the ministry of the established church.--
Herald.—[We confidently anticipated that the removal of
Mr. Buddicom to this institution would be the means of in-
creasing its utility.]
RATHER SUSPICIOTTS.—A youngish man named Noel
Livington was yesterday placed before Mr. Rushton,,at the
police court, under the following suspicious circumstances.
A police officer stated that he had on the previous day ob-
served the prisoner loitering at several warehouse doors, and
ordered him away. He afterwards saw him at a warehouse
door in Fenwick-street, touching the padlock, as if attempt-
ing to open it, and on going up, found that he had a small
nail, (which was produced) in one of his hands. The pri-
soner said, that he had been totally destitute for three days ;
had not had a place to sleep in during the time ; and that he
had done it to attract attention, so that he might be appre-
hended and relieved. Mr. Rushton said, he must know that
if he had applied to the parish authorities, and his alleged
destitution were well founded, he would be relieved. The,
prisoner said lie had applied at the Night Asylum, and had
been turned off. He Ras committed for fourteen days.

THEFT OF COCHINEAL FROM A VESSEL-At the Police-
court, yesterday, a man named Casey, his mother, and two
other females, were placed before Mr. Rushton, on a charge
of stealing from a vessel. On Saturday, Police-officer 312
stopped the female prisoners while they were attempting to
sell 3 lbs. of cochineal, (insects forming a valuable scarlet
dye,) for much under its real value, and an examination wes,
entered into that day, when the prisoners were remanded
until yesterday. It appeared that the property had been
taken by the male prisoner from a ship which was being dis-
charged in the Brunswick Dock, and at which the male pri-
soner had been assisting the other men for a short time.
The " lumper" who had undertaken to unload the vessel,
appeared as a witness ; and it appeared, from the evidence
of others, that it was no uncommon thing for such men to
undertake such a piece of work for £4 10s. though they
could not accomplish it for less than double that sum, to PO'
the men he employed—who were thus left the chance of
plundering what they might catch. There was not, how-
ever, sufficient evidence against the "lumper" on this occs'
sion, nor against the two women not named. The two
Caseys were remanded, before being committed for trial,
until it could be ascertained what quantity of the article was
missing.

INQUEST.—An inquest was held yesterday, before the
borough coroner, on view of the body of Philip Dearden,
an old man from the country, whose death, it was at first
thought, would involve a charge of manslaughter. It ar
peared that, on the Bth instant, a cab belonging to Mr. CO'
lift' was driven by Hugh Parry at a rapid rate down Chapel'
street. The deceased was standing in the street talking to a
carter, and the driver of the cab called out " Heigh ! as $
warning to him to get out of the way. The old man was
rather intoxicated at the time, and, by some mistake, stag-
gered backwards towards the cab, in place of going the or
posite way ; when one of the wheels of the machine came In
contact with his heel, and inflicted a severe lacerated wound'
of which he afterwards died. Two individuals who were

standing on the other side of the cab, and who had not a"
opportunity of seeing the occurrence accurately, were under
an impression that the cab-driver was to blame; but tae
carter, who saw it distinctly, exonerated the accused ; and
the jury accordingly returned a verdict of " accidental'
killed."
SINGULAR OCCURRENCE : A BIRTH IN THE STREET V
On Tuesday last, about noon, a woman, who had that morn-
ing come from Wales, was suddenly seized, in Hardman'
street, about fifty yards above Rodney-street, with the pains
of labour. As soon as her condition was discovered by the
passers-by, persons ran into Rodney-street for a surgeon to
attend the delivery. Before one arrived, however, the R'o'
man was actually delivered, on the flags of the footwalk, of a
fine child. Some horse,cloths were brought from an adjoin;
ing stable and placed under and around the mother and
child. A clothes-rail was also brought, and, some carpett.
being thrown over it, a kind of screen was made to keep 0
the crowd who had assembled, and who were exceedingly
intrusive in their demeanour. The surgeon, as soon as he
arrived, performed the necessary part of his duty. A gentle-
man then sent for a coach, and the poor woman and her
infant were conveyed to the Workhouse. They have since,
we understand, done as well as though the delivery had taken
place in a chamber, with " all appliances and means to boot.
CHARGE OF THEFT FROM "THE HINDOSTAN."—Yo'
terday, an old man, named Robert Disney, and his son Joh°
Disney, a youth, were placed at the bar of the police-court'
on a charge of theft from this vessel. Police-officer No'
253 said, that on Saturday afternoon. he saw the prisoners'
one drawing, and the other pushing a hand-cart from tae
shed at the Clarence Dock basin, opposite the steam-sin Ali
H indostan, and, suspecting something wrong, he stopped
them. He found in the cart a quantity of shavings and chips'
on two planks, and below several pieces of new bar and
other iron, weighing about two cwt., four pieces of mahogany'
and a pair of rope-slings. The elder prisoner, it appeareut
was allowed to take the shavings and chips, but not the irod
or wood. The iron had been taken from about the ship, an
the pieces of wood from a workman's bench, opposite to hell'.
where he had loft it on giving over work. The elder prisone.`,
said that he had on former occasions returned any such arts
ties or tools which he had found amongst the rubbish, 80
that he wonld have returned those produced from his house
after he found them, as he had not himself loaded the ear ,_t;
The younger prisoner said the iron. &c. was amongst
rubbish, and he did not know of them. They were beta
committed for trial at the sessions.
PROPOSED DISSOLUTION OF THE GREAT WESTNO
STEAM-SHIP COMPANY.—It has for some time been pret,l
extensively known that this company has been working at
heavy loss, and were becoming involved in serious difficulties•
On Tuesday last a special meeting of proprietors was held of
the offices of tile company, in Bristol, " for the purpose
taking into consideration the best means of selling, or other
wise disposing of, or applying, the yard, workshops, and toed
of the company, and making such order or resolution, `rice
adopting such proceedings in reference thereto, as may b
~
deemed expedient," at which, after a long discussion and
full exposition of the affairs of the company, a resolutPL
was passed to the effect, " that a committee of ten proPoci
etors be appointed to confer with the directors, and to affet
them advice and assistance in any arrangement which it
might be thought desirable to adopt." It appeared that to
complete the building of the " Great Britain," now uP,flit
the stocks, the original estimate for which was £75,000, .I'.d
which will cost £76,116, about £lO,OOO would be reqleoo
to be raised by the shareholders in addition to £ls'
already owing to the company's bankers. To meet tbe,is
amounts, a sum, nearly equivalent, is in arrear of cad;
already made, but some doubt exists of their being recoverehe
and two calls estimated to produce £13,000 remain toti3'o
made. The feeling of the meeting appeared to be, that
" Great Western," and the ship now building, with the,e,oo,
tire works of the company, should be disposed of to the "4
vernment, or to the best customer which could be produce

RENEWAL 07 Lromsts.—Yesterday was the day
ap-
pointed for the renewal of publicans' licenses, at the Ses-
sions-house. The court was crowded throughout the day,
but nothing particular occurred. The money received for
renewals" (7s. 6d. each) appeared to amount to a very
large sum.
THE WEATHEE.—Since our last, we have been visited
with rather heavy and refreshing showers. On Friday and
Sunday nights the rain fell in great abundance, and will, no
doubt, be of considerable benefit to the country, which be-
fore was rather parched and dry, but this has not deteriorated
in the least the splendid harvest weather with which a boun-
tiful Providence has blessed us. The greatest part of the
corn in this neighbourhood has been cut, and housed in ex-
cellent order. The second crops of clover are very fine.
DEATH OF A YOUTH WHILE BATHlNG.—Richard, the
son of James Stanley, a labourer, residing in Chapel-lane,
Bedford-street, Toxteth-park, went on Saturday last to the
Old Pottery Dock to bathe. After he had got into the water
considerably beyond his depth, one of his companions ob-
serving him as if struggling, cried out, " You are tired,"
when the deceased instantly sunk, and never rose to the sur-
face. Information was conveyed to his father, who found
the body when the tide retired from the spot. The inquest
will be held this day.
SUMMARY JUSTlCE.—Yesterday, just before the rising of
the Police-court, a young fellow, named John Robinson,
was brought up a prisoner by one of the police. It appeared
that about a quarter of an hour before he had been seen in
the provision cellar of Messrs. Kirkpatrick, in Temple-
street, by Mr. Lenning, their clerk, in the act of helping
himself to a keg of butter, which he had removed from the
tier down to a pile of bacon, when he was detected before he
could complete his project. The prisoner affected in court
to be quite drunk, fixing his eyes wildly and waving nis body
about, but it appeared he was quite sober when detected and
after being given into custody. He was committed to bard
labour for three months.
THE SOUTHPORT POLICE.—At the Police-court yester-
day, an elderly man named Thomas Howard was placed at
the bar. Mr. Dowling said he was taken into custody in
this town in consequence of a letter he had received describ-
ing him as having been connected with a housebreaking and
robbery in that place. Police-officer Lloyd stated, that when
he captured the prisoner, he (the latter) said that he knew
nothing at all about the robbery, but that a man who lodged
with him had brought the property to his house. No witness
appeared agaihst the prisoner. Mr. Rushton said, this was
one of those cases in which police-officers of other towns, in
order to save themselves trouble, thought fit to write to the
police lure to arrest individuals without any legal authority,
and:he should not encourage the introduction of such a sys-
tem here. He ordered the man to be discharged.
ASTHMA.—The Dispensary for the Treatment of Disease
of the Lungs and Heart, has been established upwards of a
twelvemonth, and has progressed silently but usefully on.
It has received little, indeed no encouragement from the
public, having been a self-sustaining institution, assisted
materially by Mr. Cronin, who first originated it. The
• number of patients who have been cured and relieved dur-
ing the last year amount to some thousands, as will be seen
shortly in a report Mr. Cronin is about to publish. These
persons have consisted of all classes of the community—the
poorest of the poor—while the wealthy have not scrupled
to avail themselves of the new system introduced by the
originator. As the lecture some months ago given at the
Portico, the plan of operation pursued by Mr. Cronin, was
exemplified by him, and throughout the time the Dispensary
has been established, it has been adhered to with varied, but
to a certain extent, satisfactory success.• This Dispensary
is about to be removed to Warren-street, corner of Russel-
street.

CHIMNEY SWEEPING.—The idea of a man sweeping his
own chimneys we conceive to be quite new, and some years
ago would have been laughed at as by no means a soot-able
occupation for a domestic servant ; but by means of Mr.
Hawes patent machine, the most intricate flue can be tho-
roughly cleaned in a very short time. A model of the ma-
chine may be seen at Mr. Holgate's, in Dale-street ; it con-
sists of a simple fixture in each flue of pulleys and an incom-
bustible wire rope, (Smith's patent,) to which a whalebone
of wire brush is attached when required. This brush being
passed up and down by means of a portable winch or wind-
lass screwed on the fire-grate, soon cleans the foulest chim-
ney or flue. It is applicable to flues of every description,
whether wide or narrow, perpendicular, horizontal, or run-
ning at right angles, and can be made perfectly effective
without any alteration in their present construction or the
use of soot-bags. It is worthy of attention.
DRAYTON MANOR.—On Friday, considerable commotion
was occasioned in this town, by a rumour, that Sir Robert
Peel's mansion at Drayton had been destroyed by fire. The
report was brought by the guard of the Grand Junction
train, which arrived here on Friday morning, and, who heard
the statement at Birmingham. Nothing more clearly fixes
the distemper of the working classes on the League, than the
frightful and extravagant rancour with which they uniformly
speak of Sir Robert Peel. Certainly, no minister ever less
deserve to attract personal odium—no minister's conduct
and demeanour were ever less calculated to have such an
effect,—and the lamentable fact to which we refer, can there-
fore have no other origin than the worse than diabolical ma-
lignity with which Sir Robert has been habitually spoken of
by the hired spouters of the League.
EDINBURGH, LEITH, AND NEWHAVEN.—This railway
will open the lower part of the line on the 29th instant, pre-
vious to the arrival of her Majesto the Queen in Scotland,
it being arranged that the landing will take place at the
Granton Pier. The secretary has been ordered to write to
the Lords of the Privy Council (Railway Department) for
permission ?c• to do, may act, to the contrary notwithstand-
ing. The drift under the New Town is advertised to be con-
tracted for, and thus the operations of this highly useful and
important line of railway is in a fair way of being completely
finished. The completion of this railway ought to call forth
an active demonstration on the part of the shareholders of
the Edinburgh and Glasgow railway, to form their line of
eommunication through the Prince's-street Gardens, and
thus carry out the original plan of this useful and profitable
undertaking.
'rim INCOME TAX.—In consequence of the time required
by the parish authorities for making out the list of voters,
the income tax papers for this town have not yet been de-
livered, but we understand they will be in the hands of the
inhabitants in the course of the present week. In other
places, as far as we can learn, the working of the act, so far
as this first proceeding tests it, is not half so objectionable as
people's fancies presumed it to be. The greatest outcry
raised against it was, not that it took the money from the
pocket, but that it was so cruelly inquisitorial. Now, if the
provisions be complied with in an honest feeling on the one
hand, and in a right spirit by those to whom the returns will
be submitted, the most sensitive will scarcely have occasion
. to complain of the inquisition ; for by a very excellent ar.
rangement the entire property of which one man is possessed
may have to be returned by three, four, or more individuals,
' in separate portions, and in separate districts, so that no
single Assessor will know the amount of another man's
income. Thus, a gentleman derives so much from his pro-
fession at Liverpool—the return made by himself, after making
the deductions which the Act allows : he has money in the
funds— the Bank of England deducts the tax for his dividend :
he is a shareholder in a public company—the company pays
the tax for him : he has land or houses—the tenant pays it :
he has money out at mortgage—the mortgagee pays it ; and
so on ; effectually baffling the inquisitorial, should any such
person be found desirous of prying into his neighbours affairs.
As to the hardship of paying it at all, the necessity has been
too generally admitted to require argument just now, and as
We have heard several express a wish that they came within
the operation of the Act we can only suggest to those who
feel dissatisfied that they should exchange situations with
them, and thus effectually avoid the Tax.
THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODDPELLOWS.—On
Monday, the 15th instant, the officers and brothers of the
Loyal Duchess of Sutherland Lodge, No. 2592, assembled at
the house of Hostess Whiteside, corner of Edgar-street,
Scotland-road, when they partook of a most excellent dinner,
served up in the usual good style. as a farewell visit previous
to her leaving town, and opening a new public establishment
on the Bangor road, leading from Menai Bridge to Carnar-
von, North Wales. After the cloth was drawn and the usual
toasts given, N.G. Cottam, who occupied the chair, in an
appropriate speech presented to P.G. Cross a most handsome
silver snuff box, which bore the following inscription :
Presented to P.G. Richard Cross, of the Independent Order
of Oddfellows, M.U., L.D., by the officers and brothers of
the Loyal
Duchess of Sutherland Lodge, No. 2592, as a
ken of respect for his past services, when P.G. Cross
returned his most sincere thanks for the honour con-
ferred upon him, libping it would still continue in his
Power to support the lodge, which should ever be his
constant study so long as he continued a member; after
which, the welcome guests and a large number of the fair
sex enjoyed themselves with a tip on the elastic toe, and at
an early hour in the morning each retired, much gratified
with the harmony and conviviality which existed on the occa-
sion.

!jTHE FUNDS, SATURDAY EVENING.—The following no-
,ce was posted to-day at the Stock-Exchange :—" Foreign
Committee-room, Friday, August 12.—At a numerous meet-
ing of the Committee for General Purposes held this day it
was resolved,—That by the report of the Exchequer-bill
Forgery Commissioners, as well as by the Committee of the
Stock-Exchange, Edward Lloyd Morgan appears not only
to have acted solely as agent to his father, who is a
defaulter, and thereby rendered himself ineligible as a
Member of the Stock-Exchange, but also to have been
ostensively concerned in the circulation of the forged
, hills. That this committee does not consider him entitled
;,(,), re-election, and his application is rejected accordingly.
!oat after mature consideration of the minutes of the evi-
dence taken before the committee, of those taken by the
Exchequer Forgery Commission, and the report of the latter,
t-id after hearing whatever explanation Mr. De Berckern
had to offer, this committee is of opinion that the conduct of
Francis Townley De Berckem has been such as to render
41 altogether unfit to be a member of the Stock Ex-
Change, and that his application for re-election be rejected
b-aes4dinglY. Carried unanimously." The Consol-market
sal "t supported its previous condition, and some few
serious
have tended to depreciate values, but not to any
10,
‘l,B eXtent. Consols for money and the account
; Bank Stock, 169 to 170 ; India Stock, 250
2 r 1 Ina ; Exchequer-bills, 2d. issue, 495. to 525. premium ;
ditto, 2id. issue, 51s. to 535. premium ; 3 per Cents.
Reduced, 921 ; 3,1, per Cents. Reduced, 1001; Long Annui-
ties, 124 to 9-16 and India Bonds, 345. premium. In fo-
leign stocks and railway shares no essential alteration has
occurred, though appearances are against sellers. Spanish
!k. tives closed 201. to 21 ; ditto, New, 20 to --;1-; Mexican,
34 e
-I to 5 ; Colombian, 201 to
21- ; Danish, S9l to 831 ;
gian, 101 k to 1021 ; Brazilian, 65 to 66; Portuguese- 5 per
and ditto 3 per Cents.,to 191 2O.
ON FEMALE LABOUR, By A
" LIBERAL" JOURNALIST.
We have mentioned, that women were concerned in the
late disturbances. Ttpleey were, particularly in Yorkshire and
Lancashire, among
mreost active of the rioters. In the
affray at Halifax they we
ifront of the mob, and, seizing
the bridles of the horses, enCleavoured to induce the cavalry
not to sabre or shoot their fellow countrymen. Under other
circumstances, such conduct would have been deemed that
of heroines ; under existing circumstances it was pure frenzy,
the result, in many cases, there is tooe much reason to fear,
constant of suffering and starvation. But
t
women with men in the ordinary
business ofingling of
mines, and factories, and works active
ri
In short, r in time labours
appropriate to the male, but quite inappo p ate to the
female, under the most favourable circumstances. destroys
the peculiar qualities of the feminine character,
n
the woman differ from the man in little more than in
them aarkest
ele of dress. Masculine occupations beget masculine habit"
i-
Workwome'n are, if not " unsexed," at least a kind of 7'e r
tvorizen, with more than man's ferocity, when irritatedagd-
excited, and with all his bad and vicious habits. In a proper
state of society, the female ought to be exempt from the
every-day labour and drudgery for which nature has adapted
the male alone. If she is a mother, she ought to be at liberty
to devote her care and attention to her family duties and her
Children;or in if a daughter, to domestic servitude, either at home
the household of another. The remuneration of labour
rght to be sufficient to prevent wives and mothers, at least,
vvorking in the cle and overheated factr, or laving
in "le dark and noisomeos mine. Female delicacoyy musts wither
and decay in the tainted atmosphere of such places. Yet,
SO wretched is the state of society in too many parts of this
country, especially in the manufacturing and mining districts,
111,e labour of every member of a family capable of work,
cirnales as well as males, children as well as adults, is, except
not to
rare cases, required to enable the poor creatures,
above o live, but only to vegetate."—Liverpool Albion.—[The
law._e are strange
I ague to Otter:,
°Pinions for an organ of the An.ti-corn-
ever, a good old sailing Better
Oastler and the 3lng
; and
it
must
be
.r late than
.netivfeyrio"gist,ohikoiwr-.
other real friends of the
along denounced the people, who have all
gratifying
with women and infamy of the practice of filling our mills
such a quarter......r.l
L.
t. hearos.3

TITEATAS-ROYAL....Ori Friday Mrs. Seymour took her
benefit. She played Deedemona to Mr. Butler's Othello,
and Clari in the " Maid of Milan." Mrs. Seymour gave an
exquisite delineate of the fair daughter of the south. Her
Clari was very beautiful. She sang" Home, sweet Home"
with a pathos and feeling that touched the hearts of all hear-
ers. Last night La Cerito appeared in several dances. We
will not venture to say that her dancing is improved since
she was last here, but she introduces many new and extra-
ordinary movements—now flying round the stage as if on
wings—now rising like a swift-winged bird, and alighting
like a snow flake. Her dancing drew forth immense ap-
plause. Taglioni must look to her laurels. For to-night's
attractions we need only refer to the bills of the day. The
box-office yesterday, we believe, was literally beseiged for
places, so that a fashionable and brilliant audience may be
expected.

ANTI-CORN-LAW PLACARDS.—Under the present some-
what equivocal position occupied by the Anti-Corn-Law
League, it would have been at least decent, if not at the
same time prudent, in the leaders of that party to have ab-
stained from their ordinary seditious exhibitions. And, yet
during the whole of yesterday, an inflammatory placard,
signed, "on behalf of the League, George Wilson, secre-
tary," attributing all the evils, under which the country la-
bours to the Corn-law, and soliciting subscriptions to carry
on the agitation against it, was paraded throughout our
streets. For what purpose, men may well ask is this bad-
gering of the public for money, at a crisis of danger like this,
carried on by these conspirators? Is it to feed the insurrcc-
lion in the manufacturing districts •' Is it to supply the
'munition of war to the traitor incendiaries of Manchester
and its surrounding towns—to provide with the expenses of
placards, and other necessary implements of excitement, the
ruffianly Chartists and Leaguers of those places? At a mo-
ment when the magistracy of Liverpool were in earnest meet-
ing to provide measures for the public peace ; when peaceful
men ought to have been affording every aid to such praise-
worthy efforts of the authorities ; when not an hour was pass-
ing over our heads that was not pregnant with matter to
alarm every well-disposed subject ;—was such a time for the
seditious appeals of the Liverpool Chartist League to be
sowing the seeds of disaffection to the law, and parading their
sympathy with the originators of an outbreak which has
strewed the land with devastation and bloodshed—has bared
the sword of the executive against the breasts of the
starving dupes and slaves? Surely not. And we can only
attribute it to the occupation of our magistracy in efforts to
prepare for the visitation of our own town with the distur-
bances which have overrun the neighbouring districts, that
this wicked effort of the hypocritical crew, who compose
" the league" of Liverpool, was not at once put down, and
its authors—(not their wretched employ6s)—visited with
the punishment due to their incendiary practices. The
league party of Liverpool would, doubtless, be glad, at this
moment, of an opportunity to hold one of their " de-
monstrations"—at which their Rathbones might shout
and their minor fry splutter and gesticulate. We are
happy, however, in being able to ensure the well-disposed
amongst the community that well-concerted efforts are
making to put down any movement of this despicable set.
This day we understand a strong force of mounted gentlemen
of our town, and special constables, will be placed by autho-
rity of the Watch Committee, under the orders of our able
Head Constable, Mr. Whitty ; and the seditious, if any such
venture to invade the peace of the Loyal Borough of Liver-
pool, may depend upon receiving a far different reception
from that by which the riotous turn-outs from the factories
around Manchester were met by the league magistracy of
that town.