The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1835-07-07 00:00:00

POTATO CROP.

The failure which has again occurred this year appears more
and more serious; especially as the frost has within the last
week blackened in part some fields of potatoes, where the plants
were growing well and no failure had appeared. Such events
are of great importance indeed, as this plant has become a
necessary of life, and an essential in the rotations of husband-
ry, to an extent not easily to be calculated; and the comforts
of the population, the produce of land, and the feeding of cer-
tain descriptions of live stock, materially depend on the potato
errolpl;e introduction of the first box of roots, from Sante Fe, in
the year 1565, by Captain Hawkins, was not followed by gene-
ral culture or estimation, till after two centuries of inattention
and ignorance, when it began to be thought that the potato
plant might be cultivated to advantage; but the culture of it
with spades in boggy lands, though a good way to improve
mossy soils, did not extend the benefits of this crop sufficiently ;
nor were people acquainted with the best modes of preser-
ving the roots; nor indeed at this day are these duly consider-
.

In my recollection, the dark red potato was mostly cultivated;
and the white sorts, especially the white kidney, were consider-
ed less prolific, though more delicate. Many new varieties
have since been introduced, of which the pink-eyed and High-
land early sorts have been long preferredin field culture. Some
advantage bas certainly been derived from renewals of the
plantfrom seed; the best way of which is to gather the plumbs
when ripe, to put them in layers among the earth, and to sow
the small seeds and earth in drills next spring, when the pulp of
the plumbs has disappeared. This mode of renewal multiplies
the varieties, and prevents that sort of deterioration which is
caused by artificial culture from the roots too long continued.
But this practice cannot account for the recent extraordinary
and repeated failures of the crops of potatoes. No doubt
some of them have been raised too green in order to make wav,
for a crop of wheat; and these green potatoes are certainly more
liable to heat and spoil in the house, where the centre portions
are also most exposed either to heat and spoil, or to grow so
much as to exhaust their vegetating power, an effect which
happens to a greater extent if the plants are taken from wide
houses where a great mass of roots has heated ; or being wrt
and green when housed have grown too much, especially in the
miudle of the mass; or where it was much trodden by the per-
son who filled and frequented the potato-house for putting in or
taking out roots;--and these circumstances account for many
failures. Indeed it is now well known that potatoes generally
keep best, and are fittest for seed, when earthed up in narrow
heaps, and well covered with dry earth over dry litter; for thus
kept they are always good ; excepting in cases where the seed
from whence they grew has been damaged, or the soil inclined
to cause the curl; and such damaged seed should not be sown,
nor such land cultivated with potatoes. It is also found that
for the purpose of seed the potatoes ought not to be too early set,
and that though the main crop for consumption may be set in
drills in April, the crop intended for seed next year may be de-
ferred setting till May; and both of these operations -do well
enough about the latter end of these months, in ordinarycli-
mates and field soils; early potatoes for marketgardeners, or to
be followed by wheat, being of course planted or set earlier in
the season.

Science has only warned against the culture of plants too
long from the roots, without renewals from seed:practice and
observation have led to the above remarks, which account too
well for much of the late failure; and to guard as far as can be
done against frost, avoid planting in hollows liable to the sett-
ling of frost mists from lakes, rivers, ponds, or' soft meadows
not well drained; and beware of planting too early in the sea-
son, selecting early varieties however.—Dumfries-shire Herald.

LONDON GAZETTE.-FRIDAY, JULY 3.

BANKRUPT'S.

John Serjeant, Liverpool, window-blind-manufacturer, to surrender
July 28, August 14, at 11 o'clock, at the Clarendon-rooms, Liverpool :
solicitor, Mr. Dean, Palsgrave-place, Temple-bar, London.
Edward M'Coy, Well-court, Queen-street, and Tryon's-place,
Hackney, Middlesex, stationer.
Samuel Maine, St. John-street, Cletkenwell, London, currier.
John Watton, Upper Bedford-place, London, surgeon.
William Chawrer, Hinckley, Leicestershire, tea-dealer,
George John Lowe, Stourbridge, and St. Nicholas, Worcestershire,
mail-contractor.

Joseph, Bayliss, Daventry, Northamptnnthirl, builder.
John Solloway, Leamington Priors, Warwickshire, innkeeper.

SATURDAY, JTYLY 4:—Neon, Wind light and variable.

ARRlVED—Euphrates. Hannay, from Calcutta—Reliance, Beynon,
from Antigua-,-Mangalore, Todd, from Puerto Cabello,-iiamilton,
Bailey, fr.,m Mobile—Antibrh, Colburti ; and Maratlitt., 'Eldridge.
from New Orleans—Bee, Cornish, from Valparaiso—Kobohassett,
Pratt ; and Sterling, Johnstone, from Savannah—Trenton; Davies;
Sir James Kempt, Archibald; and Olenxrrn, from Charleston—Co-
lumbus. Cobb ; Great Britain, French ; and Cincinnatti. Barstow, from
New York—Rialto. Holmes, from Boston—Marys, Neale. fr to Nas-
satt—fialifax, M'Clearv, from Halifax—Naomi & Susannah, Mandcr,
from Newfoundland—Nonpareil; Allen. from Malta—Pursuit, 'Alex-
ander: from Alexandria and Milford—Edmund, Stage, from Copen-
hegen—Dowson, Lewis, from Dalhousie—Margaret Johnson, Pickett,
from Pernambuco.
SAILED—The Amelia Matilda, Foster, for Africa—Alice Brooks,
Scott, for Valparaiso—Bernice, Grayson, for Madeira, Ste—Philips,
Wooley, for Valparaiso, &c.

The Mary and Ann, Bartlett, hence, at Valparaiso.
Clarinda, Antra►n, hence, at Antigua.
Pladda, hence, at Glasgow, with loss of topmasts.
Cumberland„ksbridge, from Mobile for this port, was spoken sth
June, off Cape Florida.
St Lawrence, from New Orleans for Havre, was spoken 28th. June,
in lat. 48. long 20.
Lady Keith, frog► Alexandria, (Egypt) for this port, was spoken
19th June.
Duncan, Randall, hence, at Lintin.
Barrette, Jun, —; and Hindostan, —, from London, at
Bengal. _

Emma, Gething, from Buenos Ayres ; & Sarah, Buck, from Santos,
at Valparaiso.
Skeen, Boyd, hence, at St Thomas.
Spermaceti, Nash, hence, at Jamaica, short of water, and sailed
2'2.d May, let New Orleans.
Lucy, Gillman ; and Iris, Inglis, hence, at Jamaica, in 39 days.
Ricardo, Tarraguera ; and Joven Enrique, Goyaralla, hence, at
Havana.
queen Adelaide, Borland, hence, at New Orleans.
Alexander, Leeds, hence, at Baltimore.
Adam Lodge, Pace, hence, at Charleston.
William Rusiell, Bruce, hence, at Bahia.
Colossus, Wylie, hence, at Philadelphia.
Susannah, Cummings ; England. Maxwell ; Macon, Porter ; and
Kevisingtnn, Curtis, hence, at New York.
Northumberland, Ormond; and Economist, Vinnes, hence, at
Arichat.

China, Bell ; Harvey. Stephenson ; Abeona, Chambers ; and Au-
rora. Dials, hence, at Quebec.
Hibernia, WilAon, hence for New York, off Tuskar, 3d July.

SUNDAY, JULY s.—Noon, Wind S.—Light.
S ttLED—The Josephina,Waenesberg, for Elsinore, Sze—Providence,
Tooker, for Genoa, &c—Asia, M'Crorie, for Quebec—Victoria, Atchi-
son, for St John, N B—Flataix, Vandlerendondk, for Antwerp--
Tamesi, Masters, for Mazatland—St Clair, Putman, for New York—
Jupiter, Webb, for Boston—Superb, Stewart, for St Pidersburgh.

The Mic Mae, Brent]. from the Mauritius and Hobart Town, at
Sydney, New South Wales.
blolson, Elliot, from Rio Janeiro, at Antwerp.
Tom Tough, Connell, from England, at Rochefort. •
' Maria. Crouchy, from Monte Video, off Cove.
Orpheu#, Bursley, hence off New York.
Waterloo, Cow, from Portsmoth ; and Britannia, -, from the
'Mauritius, at Hobart Town.

MONDAY. JULY 6.—Noon, Wind N. N. W.—Fresh breeze.
ARRlVED—Princess Victoria, Bissett, from Sydney, New South
Wales, sailed 28th Feb.—Hope, White, from Sierra Leone--Luna,
Brown, from Bahiat sailed 14th May--Louisa, Ball, from St John,
13—Ladi, Ann. Simpson ; and Pink, Miller, from Quebec—Catha-
rina, Bacek, from Riga—Royal William, Smith ; Thomas Leeph,.
—,
and Brandon'. Lewis, from Trieste—Rambler, Stephen, from Palermo
—Eliza, from Gergenti—Amelia, from LeghtrtuEn-
terprise, Carregan, from Baltimore.

The Rapid, Vagg. from Alexandria, (Egypt), at Milford.
Prince Regent, -, at London.
The Tropic, -; and John Campbell, -, frOm the Clyde,
at Bombay.
The Mary, Tucker ; Sarah, Sims ; Mona, Gill ; & Bridget, Crosby,
hence, at Bombay.
Birkhy, Johnson, hence Mr Philadelphia, was spoken Ist July, in
lat. 49 4/, long. 12 40.
The Schooner, Sarah, of this port, was spoken 9th June, off Cape
de Gatt.

Secret, Hocquard, sailed from Buenos Ayres for Valparaiso, 12th
April.
The Marys, Neale, from Nassau, N P, sailed the 29th May ; the
George Bentink sailed the day previous for the Cove of Cork. On the
7th June, 150 mileS to the northward of Bermuda, passed a vessel
about 120 toss burth'en, without mast, and no one on board, had on
her stern the Maria, or Morea, of New York, she had a high quarter
deck ; could not board her, it blowing so strong.
The Dido, Forshaw, hence, at Bonny.
Enfield, Bottomly, from Mazattan, at Valparaiso.
The John. Whelan, from Rio de Janeiro ; the Swallow, Wkean,
from Copenhagen. at Bahia.
The Comala, Miller ; and Heroine, Langley, herice, at Bahia.
Balfour, Bee. hence, at Pernambuco.
Mary Ann, Gale, hence, at Pictou.
Ann, Swinford, hence, at St John's, N B. •
John and Mary, Hudson, hence, at St Lawrence.
The John, Charles, hence, at Holyhead, with loss of foretop-ma..st,
bound to Dublin.