The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-12-24 00:00:00

111-IF, LIVF,RPOOI, STANDARD.

SECOND EDITION.

Standard-office, Two o'clock.

COTTON MARKET.-THIS DAY.

Not quite so heavy a eemand for Cotton to-day. The
sal es are estimated at S,GCO bales, entirely to the trade.
Up to the present hour no speculation has been reported,
yet the tone of the market is firm and steady.

LIVERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE. THIS DAY.

Owing to the continuance of easterly winds, there have
been but few arrivals ; in consequence of which, and
being Christmas Eve, there was a very slender attendance
of buyers at this day's market, and little business doing
at the rates of this day se'nnight. Oa►s,, however, rea-
lized an advance of about 3d. per load.

ARRIVALS OF CORN,
From the 17th to the 23rd December, inclusive,

IRE- COAST- COLO- TO-
LAND. j WISE. VIAL. REIGN.

TOTA

Wheat .. Ors. 201
Barley Qrs.
Malt . Qrs. 31
Oats Qrs. 974
Rye Qrs. ;
Beans Qrs. ,
Pease Qrs.
Shelled BarleyQrs.
Indian Corn. Qrs. ;
Rapeseed... . Qrs.
Oatmeal .. Loads 2211
Flour. .... Sacks 4887
Ditto

3117
628
842
276

52
74

29 I I
403 i 1

3268
628
872
1250

2240
3291

In o Runcorn, Inland anal Coastwise.—Wheat. qrs ;
Barley. qrs ; Walt, qrs.; Oats, 437 qrs., Oatmeal, 373
loads; Flour, 3611 sacks.

EXPORTS.—Foreign. Wheat. —qrs.; Barley, 12 qrs. ; Pease,
qrs. ; Oats, 165 qrs.; Indian Corn, - qrs.; Oatmeal,
loads ; Flour. 3 8 brls. --Ireland. Wheat. qrs.. Bar-
ley, qrs. ; Beans, 20 qrs ; Bye, qrs ; Indian Corn, 328
qrs. ; Oatmeal, lds ; Flour, sks, brls.— -Coa-twise.
Wheat, 9 qrs. ; Barley, 105 qrs.; Malt, qrs.; Oats, 51
qrs. ; Beans, qrs. ; Pease, 160 qrs. ; Oatmeal, 20 loads
Indian Corn, 33 qrs. ; Flour, 210 sacks 588 brls.

Average prices of Grain, for the week ending Dec. 14, 1844.
Wheat 45s Id Barley 345. sd. I Oats 21s. Ild. I Rye 325. Od.
Beans.. 365. 9d. I Pease.. 365. Id.
Aggregate average of the six weeks.
Wheat 455. Bd. I Barley 355. 2d. I Oats 21s. lid. ! Rye.. 325. 6d.
Beans.. 376. l d. I Pease.. 355. 9d.
Duty on Foreign Produce 016 week.
Wheat2ns od I Barley is ed I I
Oats .. . 6s Od Rye.. Ins 6d
Beans 5s 6U I Pease.. 7s 6d Ind. Corn Os Od Flour Its Oi

Duty on Canadian
Wheat.. Is. Od. I Barley.. us. 6d. I Oats ..2s. Od. I Rye.. Is 6d
Beans Os. 6d I Pease os. 6d. I Ind. Corn Os. Od. I Flour.. Os ad
Duty on other British Colonial.
Wheat.. Cs. Od. I Barley.. 4s. 6d. I Oats, 2 Od. I Rye .. Is. 6d.
Beans.. es. 6d. I Pease.. s. 6d. I Flour. 3s. Orl.

Liverpool Averages, week ending 17th Dec., 1844.
Wheat, 1745 qrs., price 43s lid , Barley, ti qrs., price 258. Id.;
Oats,
.453 qrs., price 2.,5. 4d. ; Rye, qrs., pr.ce I.S. Od. ;
Beans, 183 qrs.. 3:,5. 4d. ; Pease, qrs., ls. Od.
Duties paid in Liverpool, for week en ing 19th December.lB44.
—Foreign—Wheat, 130 qrs liarley, —; Oats, —; Keane,
; Pease, o ; Rye. —; Indian Corn, 2893 ; Oatmeal, ii Ids,
Flour. 32 barrels. Colonial Wheat, qrs.; Barley, qrs. ;
Pease, 847 qrs.; Flour, 17 barrels.

TOWN EDITION.

In consequence of the lateness of the hour at which he
train arrived, we were compelled to work off our town
subsCribers' copies without our usual town edition.

FOREIGN POPULATJON OF THE UNITED
STATES.

(From the New Fork Express.)
"We have no tables at hand to show the number of emi-
grants that have reached our shores for the years 1842,
3, and 4 ; but we are well assured that they will exceel
that of any former year. The following is a correct table
of the number of persons that have arrived from the
United Kingdom of Great Britain at Canada and the
United States, to say nothing of the vast number of
German and other emigrants from the Continent:—
Canada. United States.
15,945
28,000
50,254 22,607
51,746
21,752
30,935
12,527 16.749
27,722 ..
21,901
3,266 . ,
7,439
22,234
28,086

1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834 •

1835 .1.
1836 ...
1837
1838 ...
1839 .. .
1840 .
1841 .. .

Total .... 321,807

347.632

Average.. 26,800 .
It is well known that a very large portion of the emi-
grants that reach Canada pass directly into the United
States. The average number that reached the United
States direct from Britain, for 12 years prior to 1841, was
nearly 29,000 a-year ; since that period the number has
greatly increased. Indeed, the number that reached this
port alone, from all foreign countries, has been fir a sin-
gle year over 80,000.
Fur 12 years, ending in 1841, the emigration
from Great Britain into Canada was 321.807
Into the United States 317,632

Total
If the number arriving in thii country from Great Bri-
tain alone averages 28,700, it is but a moderate estimate
to suppo4e that the whole emigration, from all countries,
exceeds 50,000 per annum. Ai it is well known that a
small proportion only are females, it may be safely calcu.
lat-d" that full 40,000 are males. From this exhibit some
little estimate can be made of the immense foreign vote
in this country. If we take but 20.000 persons na.uralised
per annum throughout the United States, and calculate
only 15 years, it would make the foreign vote in this
country 300,000. There is every probability that. the
majority of the popular vote at the Presidential election
will not reach 20,000. It therefore requires no ghost to
rise up to acquaint us that the destinies of this mighty
nation have been entirely in the hands of the foreign po-
pulation. How much, then, does it become that popula-
tion to lose their own nationality in ours, and how much
does it become Americans to look vigilantly to the welfare
of their own.

It is not generally known, that a robin redbreast is not
Permitted to live longer than four years. At that age, be
is attacked by the younger birds, and killed. Though at
other times the most pugnacious of birds, be dies unre-
sisting'''.

EDUCATION AND CRIME.--in a late charge to the
grand jury of York, Mr. Justice Coleridge, in referring
to the concurrent increase of crime and education, uttered
the following sentiments, which do honour to the bench,
and might instruct some of our anythingarian nobility and
prelates, if ignorance, hedged up' by political advantage
and self-conceit, can ever be instructed :—" One of the
great engines," said be, " which had always been looked
to for the reduction of crime, was the spread of education.
Education bad no doubt spread very largely throughout
the whole of England ; and i could not be denied that
the number of persons who were unable to read and write
had much diminished. In 1837, the proportion was
nearly thirty-six per cent.; it was now reduced to about
thirty-one per cent. When they found, however, in ti e
face of the great increase of education of some kind, that
crime went on steadily to increase, it undoubtedly gave
rise to some misgivings with regard to the eff-ctive nature
of the remedy. Far was it from him to cast any doubt
upon the certainty of education in the end to produce a
good effect. It led them to this important consideration
—Whether the education that had yet been given hid
been entirely of the right sort? Whether, thoug it might
be desirable to spread a knowledge of reading and writing
amongst the common people, they did not mistake the
meaning of education who rested their idea of its efifciency
simply on an acquaintance with those branches ? There
was another thing which should be made the basis, and
not the basis only, but the superstructure also, of the
system of education ; and that was a practical, vital, and
entire diffusion of the principles of religious truth into
the hearts of the people. For that reason it had ofttn
occurred, that instead of the prison returns containing
accounts of the capabilities of the inmates to read and
write, and so on, it would be well that the chaplain of the
gaol should be instructed to examine the prisoners as to
the amount of their religious knowledge ; and then it
would be seen what such an education as that would effect
amongst those who had the misfortune to become the in-
mates of gaols."
A BEAR.—" Were you ever hugged by a bear?"
" Well, I wasn't ever hugged ; but once I was mach
closer to one than ever I wish to be again."—" Oh ! when
was that? Do, pray tell us," said Emma —" It was
when I was young, that one day I sounded a tree in tl e
forest with my axe, and I was certain that there was a
bear in it ; but the animal did not show itself, so I climbed
up the tree to examine the hole at the top, and see if the
bear was at home; if so, I was determined to have him
out. Wel, Miss, I was on the top of the hollow trunk,
and was just putting my bead into the hole, when, all of a
sudden, the edge of the tree on which I knelt gave way,
like so much tinder, and down j went into the hollow;
luckily for me I did not go down head foremost, or there
I should have remained until this time, for the hole in the
middle of the tree, as I found, was too narrow for me to
have turned in, and there I must have stuck. As it was,
• I came down with the dust and crumbles smothering me
almost, till I came right on the top of the bear, who lay
at the bottom ; and I fell with such force that I doubled
his head down, so that he could not lay hold of me with
his teeth, which would not have been pleasant ; indeed,
' the bear was quite as much, if not more astonished than
myself, and there be lay beneath me very quiet till I could
recover a little. Then I thought of getting out, as you
' may suppose, fast enough, and the hollow of the tree,
I providentially, was not so wide but that I could work up
again with my back to one side and my knees to the other.
By this means I gradually got up again to the hole that
I fell in at. and. I perched myself across the timber to
fetch my breath. I had not been there much more than
a quarter of a minute, and I intended to have remained
much longer, when I perceived all of a sudden the bear's
head within a foot of me; he had climbed up after nse,
and I saw he was very angry, so in a moment I threw
myself off my perch, and down I went to the ground at
the foot of the tree, a matter of near twenty feet, even
faster than I went down inside of it. I was severely
shaken with the fall, but no bones were broken ; in fact,
I was more frightened than hurt : I lay quite still for a
little while, when the growl of the bear put me in mind
of him; I jumped on my legs, and found that he was
coming down the tree after me, and was within six feet
of the ground. There was no time to lose; I caught np
my rifle and had just time to put it to his ear and se tle
him, as he was placing his fore-foot on the ground."—
" What a narrow escape !"—" Well, perhaps it was ; t
there's no saying. Miss, which beats till the fight is over."
--Cuplain Marryat.
THE CHURCH'S DECISION AS TO THE OFEERTORY.—
What is the evidence which the church offers me as to the
observance of the weekly offertory? I find the sovereign
of the realm, the temporal head of the church, acting, of
course, under the primate, recognized a disuse of this ser-
vice. A few tears after this I find the primate himself
composing a form of prayer in which this service is alto-
gether omitted. After a short interval I find a bishop
(and that bishop Bishop Andrews) in the solemn duty of
consecrating a chapel, (and this, be it remembered, is one
of the recognised festivals.) using this service only as a
portion of the Eucharistic service. This, too, is succeeded
by an important hlteration in the prayer for the church
militant, made by the two houses of convocation, and
sanctioned by the parliament, 1661; confirming Bishop
Andrews's practice. Again, in 1712 I find a form of prayer
proposed by the bishops in convocation to the other dig-
nitaries and representatives of the clergy. I find that form
discussed and approved by the lover house ; and thus ob-
taining the sanction of both houses of convoca ion; not
only contirmieg, but carrying on the practice of thus- pre.
vious authorities. And in addition to this, I find a tenour
of high authorities down to the present time, encouraging
in their writings, and confirming by their practice, those
changes which are in strict accordance wiih the statute
law of the land; and which have been made. as I trust I
have shown, to meet the changes of its requirements. If
this be not the voice of the church, whither shall I go to
hear it? May I not, at least, require !hat an authority
equal to that of 1712—the whole convocation of bishops,
dignitaries, and representatives of the clergy—should au-
thoritatively deliver their judgments in effecting so great
a change in the practice of the church ? I repeat that this
consideration does press most heavily upon me. But this
does not appear to be the only obstacle to a revival of the
weekly offertory. I speak with great submission and with
great reverence for the au:horities who may differ from
me ; but I ant certainly of opinion that'the church, as an
integral part of the state, has no power to revive the offer-
tory as a provision and maintenance for the poor : assu-
ming that these portions of the rubric will bear the inter-
pretation which the advocates for the revival affix to them,
and that the rubric itself has the force of an act of parlia-
ment. W‘thout again referring to any prior statutes, I
submit that the 4th and sth W.lliam IV , cap. 7 repeals,
or rather annuls, its operation. By clause 15 it is enacted
that from and after the passing of this act the adminis-
tration of relief to the poor throughout England and
Wales, according to the existing laws, cr such laws as
shall be in force at the lime being, shall be suloject to the
direction and control of the said commissioners. The
alms offered at the celebration of the holy commu-
nion (and God forbid that they should he suspended) are
valuable, inasmuch as they enable the minister, in cases
of sickness, and other emergencies, to supply a few com-
forts to his poor parishioners. They are, as I have before
observed, subsidiary to, but not superseding the legal pro-
vision for them. But if you revive the weekly offertory.
in its original intention, you create au imperium in its-
:oHO, the legality of which no one, I presume, is prepared
to defend;