The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-07-11 00:00:00

SELECTIONS.

THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON'S INTRODUCTION TO
INDlA.—Marquis Cornwallis to Sir J. Shore.—White-
hall, 10th June, 1796.—Dear Sir, I beg leave to introduce
to you Colonel Wesley, [Wellesley,] who is Lieutenant-
Colonel of my regiment. He is a sensible man, a.id a
good officer ; and will, I have no doubt, conduct himself
in a manner to merit your approbation.-1 am, with great
regard, dear Sir, most faithfully yours.—Life of Lord
Teignmouth.

REWARD OF NOBLE Worm.—The "wages" of every
noble work do yet lie in heaven, or else nowhere. Nay,
at bottom dost thou need any reward ? Was it thy aim
and life-purpose, to be filled with good things for thy he-
roism ; to have a life of pomp and ease, and be what men
call " happy" in this world, or in any other world? 1
answer for thee, deliberately, no ? The brave man has to
give his life away. Give it, I advise thee—thou dost not
expect to sell thy life in an adequate manner? What
price, for example, would content thee ? * * * *
Thou wilt never sell thy life, or . any part of thy life, in a
satisfactory manner. Give it, aroyal heart—let the
price be nothing; thou bast thiti, in a eetitlin sense, ,rot
all for it! Well said! we again repeat, 0 Diogenes Teu-
felsdrockh' !—Carlyle's Past and Present.

DIGNITY OF LABOUR.—In early life, David kept his
father's sheep ; his was a life of industry ; and though
foolish men think it degrading to perform any useful
labour, yet in the eyes of wise men industry is truly ho-
nourable, and the most useful man is the happiest. A
life of labour is man's natural condition, and most favour-
able to bodily health and mental vigour. Bishop Hall
says, " Sweet is the destiny of all trades, whether of the
brow, or of the mind. God never allowed any man to do
nothing." From the ranks of industry have the world's
greatest men been taken. Rome was more than once
saved by a man who was sent for from the plough. Moses
had been keeping sheep for forty years before he came
forth as the deliverer of Israel. Jesus Christ himself,
during the early part of his life, worked as a carpenter.
His apostles were chosen from amongst the hardy and
laborious fishermen. From whence I infer, that when
God has any great work to perform, he selects as his in-
struments those who ~y their previous occupation had
acquired habits of industry, skill, and perseverance; and
that, in every department of society, they are the most
honourable who earn their own living by their own la-
bour.—What David Did; by the Rev. T. Spencer.

THE REFORM FEVER.—One fact is certain, that for
years and years previous to the grand rush upon the con-
stitution, which resulted in the revolution of 1832, the
cause of parliamentary reform had gone steadily back-
wards, and had there been no ill-timed and mismanaged
Catholic Relief Bill, nor any three glorious days in Paris,
to turn men's heads, the probability is that parliamentary
reform, except as the watchword of faction, never would
have been heard of more. It is idle, therefore, to compare
the position of the statesmen whom the reform bill drove
into opposition, with that of the battlers for the monarchy
during the reign of our own Charles the First, or of Neckar
in the beginning of the French revolution, or of the mis-
guided imitators of that over-praised financier who suc-
ceeded him. These latter had nothing to fall back upon,
except their own talents of persuasion, and the conscious-
ness that their cause was good. The society with which
they had to deal was rotten at the core. Whereas the
people of England, though carried away in 1831, as they
are not unapt to be by a sudden frenzy, never, amid the
deepest paroxysm of the disease, forgot what their fathers
had done for them.—Fraser's Magazine.
FRANCE IN 1794, FROM THE " STELLO OF ALFRED
DE VlGNY.—Ninety-four struck by the clock of the 18th
century, 94, of which every minute was blood-stained and
fiery. The year of terror tolled horribly and slowly to
the seeming of earth and heaven, which listened in
silence. One might have thought that some dread power,
untangible as a phantom, passed and repassed among men,
so pallid were their faces, so wild their eyes, their heads
so gathered between their shoulders, knit as if to bide and
defend them. Then men moved aside from one another,
or met abruptly, like combatants. Their salute resembled
an attack, their " good day " an insult, their smile a con-
vulsion, their dress the tatters of a mendicant, their head-
gear a rag soaked in blood, their meetings popular dis-
turbances, their families the dens of ferocious and mis-
trustful animals, their eloquence the clamour of a market,
their love a Bohemian orgie, their public ceremonies ill-
corn posed Roman tragedies, acted on provincial boards,
their wars migrations of savage and miserable multitudes,
the names of the time Poissarde parodies. But all this
was grand, because, in the republican rout, if every man
played for power, each at least cast his head on the
throw.—Dublin University Magazine.
INDUSTRY VERSUS IDLENESS.—Who art thou that
complainest of thy life of toil? Complain not. Look up,
my wearied brother ; see thy fellow workmen there, in
God's eternity—surviving there—they alone surviving—
sacred band ot the immortals. Even in the weak human
memory they survive so long as saints, as heroes, as gods ;
they alone surviving—peopling, they alone, the immea-
sured solitudes of time! To thee, Heaven, though se-
vere, is not unkind. Heaven is kind, as a noble mother
—as that Spartan mother, saying, as she gave her son his
shield, " with it, my son, or upon it !" And who art
thou that braggest of thy life of idleness ; complacently I
showest thy bright gilt equipages; sumptuous cushions;
appliances for the folding of the hands to more sleep?
Looking up, looking down, around, behind, or before,
discernest thou, if it be not in Mayfair alone, any idle
hero, saint, god, or even devil ? Not a vestige of one.
" In the heavens, in the earth, in the water under the
earth, is none like unto thee.' Thou art an original
figure in this creation, a denizen in Mayfair alone. One
monster there is in the world: the idle man. What is
his " religion ?" That nature is a phantasm, where cun-
ning, beggary, or thievery, may sometimes find good vic-
tual.—C'arlyle's Past and Present.
SIR JAMES GRAHAM AND THE FACTORY BILL.—The
withdrawal by Sir James Graham of the educational
clauses from his Factory Regulation Bill, has gone to the
hearts of the whole conservative party. They perceive in
it something like the commencement of that miserable
system of half measures, which, more than even their
gross offences, brought the whigs into contempt. They
can discover no just reason why these clauses should have
been withdrawn. The opposition, got up by a few noisy
demagogues, was, in their estimation, quite illusory. It
deserved very little regard by the Queen's ministers. And
though it be undeniable that in favour of the scheme few,
if any, petitions were presented, the conservatives are pre-
pared to demonstrate that the numbers of those to whom
the proposal was acceptable, surpassed the number of
such as objected to it by three to one, at the least. Why,
indeed, should the minister have taken so much to heart
that of which he now complains as the supineness of
churchmen ? Has he yet to learn that the great body of
the people seldom evince their approval of proposed acts
of legislation otherwise than by a silent acquiescence in
them ? Is he not aware that no peaceable subject ever
dreams that it is necessary for him to throw his hat into
the air and shout to trtuniphans, as often as his rulers
shew that they have the permanent interests of the coun-
try at heart ? Nay, more—ls it desirable that a different
practice should be introduced? Is it a thing to be sought
for, that every scheme proposed in parliament should be
taken up for further discussion in all the towns, and vil-
lages, and hamlets of the empire, and not passed into law
till the government and the legislature are satisfied that a
majority of the lieges approve and are willing to accept it ?
When it comes to this, the sooner we get rid of the pre-
sent representative system the better. If the weight of
petitions is to decide what is right and what is wrong in
legislation, we see no good reason why the people's char-
ter should not become the law of the land to-morrow.—
Fraser's Magazine.

THE UNDERSELLING MANIA.—A young man opens
a small shop—we will say of linen drapery—in a neigh-
bourhood where an- establishment of the kind already
exists. In former times what would have been his plan ?
He must have commenced in a modest way according to
his means, and, by sound goods, fair prices, and steady
attention, endeavoured to establish a character that should
enlarge his custom, yielding him an increasing profit, and
in the end building up a business. Patience, assiduity
and integrity, he would have regarded as the elements of
his future prosperity ; and, whatever his private wishes
may be, he would indignantly disclaim any purpose of
seeking to rise by a neighbour's ruin. Such times are,
unhappily, at an end ; a new system is in operation, and
the young tradesman's first care will be to advertize that
he will undersell all others in the same line. He rests
on the chance of thus drawing away the customers of some
long-established and perhaps fair dealing fellow trades-
man ; he expends a large proportion of his limited capital
in showy embellishments, to make it appear that he can
afford a superfluous outlay, and to entrap such as are
caught by external display. He procures goods on the
same principle—flimsy, gaudy, and perishable—which he
arranges according to the most attractive plan that he can
devise to catch the passenger's eye. He has, of course,
two prices ; but at the commencement he allows everything
to go off below its proper value ; and unless the neigh-
, bouring tradesman lowers his terms, at considerable pre-
sent loss and at great hazard as to the future, crushing in
its birth this attempt at competition, it is probable be may
succeed in securing a pretty large custom, and go on for
a time with every prospect of realizing his expectations.
But bye and bye, a new comer, attracted by his apparent
success, opens a second opposition-shop, promising to
undersell both the former. Then begins the strife, the
grand struggle to keep up appeatances, and by a further
sacrifice of just profit to drive away the intruder. A.
young man who has laid out his capital in this way can-
not long contend against present loss, decreasing custom,
and the feverish anxiety inseparable from so exciting a
conflict. He, perhaps, becomes more reckless in his
dealings, and, by the discovery of unequivocal frauds, is
overwhelmed with disgrace; or, if really forced, against
conscience and inclination, to adopt a system now become
general, he droops under what he cannot remedy, and soon
falls a victim. What his future lot may be no one can
predict ; but the ranks of our army, the walls of our work-
houses, and alas! the hulks of our convict-ships could ex-
hibit many a living illustration of this statement,—many
a man who would cheerfully have entered on, and steadily
pursued, the good old slow-coach method of establishing
an honest business; but who has been by the altered ha-
bits and circumstances of the time borne on the railway
of artificial locomotion to the terminus of hopeless ruin.—
Perils of the Nation.

THE LIVER PO

THE ORANGE YEOMANRY OF IRELAND I—lt was One
of. the complaints against the yeomanry of former years
that they were composed of Protestants, in many instances
of Orangemen. The answer was, that in those days a
force so composed was the only one which could be relied
on. A remarkable instance in point was furnished in the
case of a corps commanded by Mr. Sharman Crawford.
Every individual, with, at the most, a single exception,
under his command was an Orangeman! He was not
himself a member of the Orange institution ; he was,
perhaps then, as now, of politics which forbade his join-
ing that body ; but he wished to have a corps of loyal
men, who would not betray the cause which they swore to
serve. He deliberately made or acceded to a rule, that
every candidate for admission into his corps should pass
through the scrutiny of a ballot; and, as the inevitable
consequence, his corps consisted exclusively of Protestant.,
OF ORANGEMEN!—From an article on "Repeal Agi-
tation" in the Dublin University Magazine.
CHANTREY'S CHARGES.—III 1813, his charge for a
bust was one hundred guineas ; in 1814 and 1819, one hun-
dred and twenty. He had one hundred guineas for Cline,
and one hundred and twenty guineas a-piece for James
Watt and John Rennie. In 1820, his charge was one
hundred and fifty guineas, the sum he received from Lord
Liverpool for the bust of the Duke of Wellington. In
1821, he had two hundred guineas for the bust of George
IV., the highest sum he was ever known to charge for a
bust. For the Wellington statue he was paid the largest
sum he ever received for a work of art, equal as it was in
all, with bronze and money, to £lO,OOO. For the eques-
trian statue of George IV., still unerected, he had nine
thousand guineas ; for the equestrian statue of Sir Thos.
Munro, 8,000. The Munro horse was the same horse as
the George IV., and Chantrey would have thrust a third
edition of the Parla: Prlirna! 11PSn the city of London, but
for the sturdy interference of Allan Cunningham and Sir
Peter Laurie. fie would certainly have bad the Glasgow
Wellington statue to execute, but from his anxiety to sup-
ply a cast of the same horse to the fair City of the West
This was imprudent, for the Glasgow people w'.'Sely wanted
a horse of their own. Modelling horses gravelled Chan-
trey ; he was at home with men, but had to learn a new
line of art when he came to manufacture horses. His
standing statues and sitting statues were well paid for.
He had two thousand guineas for the George 111. in
Guildhall ; £lBOO for Spencer Perceval ; £4OOO for Presi-
dent Blair (with niche and pedestal) ; £3500 for Lord
Melville ; £lOOO for Dr. Anderson at Madras ; £1575 for
Gen. Gillespie in St. Paul's ; £lBOO for Francis Horner,
in Westminster Abbey ; £2250 for Washington ; £l2oo
for Chief Baron Dundas ; £2OOO for Grattan ; £7OOO for
Pitt in Hanover-square ; £7OOO for Watt in Westminster
Abbey. For "The Two Children" he had £650; for
" Lady Louisa Russell" £350. Chantrey's admiration
of English sculpture did not get much beyond the bust of
Dr. Johnson by Nollekens, and the statue of Sir Isaac
Newton by Roubiliac. They were both, as he was wont
to say, perfect. Such, indeed, was his respect for Rou-
biliac, that he has allowed foreigners resident in England
to contend for his prizes, solely out of respect for the
epigrammatic and inimitable Frenchman.—Fraser.
EDUCATION. ADDRESS TO THE CLERGY—The great
national work of education rests mainly in your hands, as
it is most desirable that it should do. A vigilant superin-
tendence of this interesting portion of the Lord's vine-
yard, need scarcely be enjoined on any of his labourers,
so great is the encouragement, so rich the promise annex-
ed to the employment. Difficulties do and will beset the
path of those who are earnest in it ; for the enemy of souls
understands, even far better than we can do, the value of
the sowing season ; and the world will also put in its
claim against God, by extolling the usefulness of such
knowledge as is the perfection of foolishness when sub-
stituted for, or preferred before, the knowledge that
maketh wise unto salvation. To cultivate intellect is the
fashionable panacea for all moral and political evil ' • but
" intellect without God " is the phrase aptly used by a
distinguished living poet to characterize Satan himself.
That knowledge is power, has become the leading axiom
of the day : but, apart from the presiding, governing,
commanding influence of vital religion, what is it but the
power of a mighty steam-engine, self-impelled, destitute
of its appointed guide, and carrying irresistible destruction
wheresoever chance may direct its wild and fierce career ?
We would not that a poor man should be found, whereso-
ever the British standard waves, who could put from him
the book of wisdom with the plea, " I am not learned ;"
but to make religion merely an adjunct, a collateral branch
of instruction, a matter of taste and selection; to rank
the Holy Bible as a class-book, to be taken up in its turn,
or subject to the approval or rejection of those who send
the child to school, is an offence which we cannot for a
moment suppose any minister of the gospel capable of
conniving at. We name it only to rouse your active and
strenuous opposition to so infidel a course, and to remind
you on how false, how ruinous a principle, the work is
likely to be conducted, if you withhold your hands from
it, or silently relinquish your primary claim to the snper-
vision of what God has committed to your charge : the
feeding of the lambs ; the training up of children in the
way they should go ; the bringing them to Christ, in whom
are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. Your
office is to combat the rage of unsanctified learning; to
place " the kingdom of God and his righteousness " in the
fore-front of all that his creatures ought to seek; with
spiritual weapons to " cast down imaginations, and every
high thing that exalteth itself above Christ ;" to elevate
the law and the testimony in the sight of all men ; boldly
proclaiming that " if they speak not according to this
word it is because there is no light in them."—Perils of
the Nation.
THE CONDITION OF IRELAND.—There is but one
put tiuu or out tteplic to which we look with undiminished
regret—unhappy Ireland ; unvisited by royalty, unte-
nanted by her best friends, for she becomes dangerous to
all alike by her reckless agitation. The wonder on the
part of several of our foreign correspondents, now lying
before us, is, that O'Connell is not summoned to his place
in the English House of Commons, and that the agitation
of.repeal is not made treasonable by a specific enactment.
On the reasonableness of this course we shall not enter,
but simply content ourselves with observing, that due care
is taken that dangerous effects shall not follow from the
effrontery and meditated malevolence of that miscreant,
who dares not venture on overt acts. Ireland, ere long,
will find out his villany, and let us ask any calm and dis-
passionate individual what Ireland would gain by the re-
peal ? Would she partake in the immense exports to the
British, the Saxon colonies, if O'Connell like the name?
Would she be of much higher mark than Jersey, or the
Isle of Man, without English support? Let the income
tax answer that question. Where is the spirit described
by her bards past ? Where is