The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-11-03 00:00:00

CASTLE-STREET WARD.

The Conservatives have, for several years, declined to
offer any opposition to their opponents in this ward,
thereby setting an example of forbearance which the Radi-
cals are slow to imitate. Mr. Aikin was again returned
yesterday, and we are most happy to see this gentleman
once more in the Council. He and the other two repre-
sentatives for the ward, Mr. Hugh Hornby and Mr. John
Holmes, are indisputably moat respectable specimens of
their political party.

SAINT PETER'S WARD.
It is, perhaps, the highest compliment that can be paid
to Mr. Tinne, and equally honourable to himself and the
electors of the ward, to state that not the slightest oppo-
sition was offered to his return. This gratifying result is
due, without reference to party feelings, to the just esti-
mation in which his private character, and his unwearied
exertions for the interests of the town, are held by the
burgesses at large, especially as an ardent advocate of all
measures tending to promote the health of the town, and
as an active and intelligent member of the Highway Board.
ISITT•STREET WARD.
The contest in this ward we looked upon from the first
as a hopeless effort of Whig• Radical spleen. The candi-
date (Mr. George Holt) opposing Mr. Toulmin, was not
one in whose favour the probabilities were very great.
On more occasions than one he has appealed to constitu-
encies in Liverpool, and been defeated. In 1843 he was
left by Mr. Sands in a minority of 89, in Exchange Ward.
In 1844 North Toxteth rejected him by a majority of 60.
Why Radicalism will thus bring forward, year after year,
ite rejected candidates, it is difficult to conceive. We
should certainly, were our ease that of Mr. Bolt, feel

that we bad beentscurvily used by our party:in being
selected so frequently for a losing game. The polling
during the whole of the day was in favour of the winning
candidate, Mr. Holt never having a shadow of a chance,
and Mr. Toulmin being ultimately returned by a majo-
rity 0f36.11 Lin 1843 his majority was 38 over Mr. Robert
Benn. •

MVO:WV GREAT GEORGE WARD.
Mr. Joseph Cooper was opposed in this ward by Mr.
W. P. Freme—of course a purely factious opposition, for
not an individual in the ward ever expected that the Ra-
dical had a chance against an opponent so universally re-
spected by all parties. The tight was a winning one
throughout on the part of Mr. Cooper, and was only
enlivened by a vain effort made by that gentleman, at a
late hour, to assist his opponent by voting for him. We
are not aware that Mr. Freme returned the compliment.

RODNEY-STRERT WARD.
This ward has this year been the scene of a contest un-
precedented for the bitterness of animosity with which it
has been carried on by a clique of the professing liberals.
ft is one of the dark spots of these annual elections, that
out of trifling causes, or, more frequently, out of no
cause at all, they raise up personal passions and preju-
dices, which are a disgrace to the town, and which unhap-
pily endure long after the occasion of them has passed
away. Mr. Samuel [lame; the Conservative candidate
for the ward, has keenly experienced these passions and
prejudices; and, as may be expected from his eminent
and unsullied character, he has passed through an ordeal,
most trying to the temper, with increased reputation
and we hope, now that the battle has been fought, and
the victory win, that dissension and misrepresentation
will quickly pass away.
But although this is our hearty desire, we must advert
to some facts in order to enable our readers to appreciate
the victory that Mr. Holme has won. The Whigs, to do
them justice, exhibited great tact in their selection of his
opponent. Early last month, they induced Mr. Thomas
Booth, in an evil hour for him, to consent to be put in
nomination ; and with two such men it was expected the
contest would be exceedingly close. Some Conservatives
gave way to what may be termed municipal despair, be-
cause the registration had been so grossly neglected that,
on the examination of the list there appeared to be a clear
majority of forty Whig votes. This feeling was not at all
consoled by the most significant fact that the numbers at
the contest last year between Mr. J. N. Wood and Mr.
Harvey were equal, and that upon the decease of the late
Mr. Pemberton, a few months since, Mr. Robertson, a
Whig, and perhaps something more, was returned without
opposition. The ward, in fact, was decidedly Liberal in
aspect, with the disadvantage of a defective registration,
and a positive majority of at least forty. These are the
circumstances under which Mr. Holme was invited to be-
come a candidate, and under which be accepted the invi-
tation and won. Like another Ctesar ha may say, " Vent
vidi vici."

In addition to these adverse circumstances, Mr. Holme,
from day to day, and week to week, has been assailed,
both by Radical and Tory papers. with the most inge-
nious and persevering misrepresentation. He has been
positively hunted by anonymous slanderers. All his
contracts, whether with the Corporation or otherwise,
have been made evidence against him ; and bricks have
been levelled against brains, because the calumniators
found it easier to find one commodity than the other.
Poetry—and such poetry—was often called in aid, and
much'prose run mad has been perpetrated to deceive the
Electors. It is not our business to notice these miserable
shifts of a despairing faction. We can only testify to the
fact, that instead of deceiving the Electors, they only
disgusted them ; and that happily victory sided with truth
and justice.
The polling booth in Renshaw-street was exactly op-
posite Mr. Holme's house; and on the east side were
the committee rooms of the two candidates, in most
neighbourly conjunction—significant of the private friend-
ship between them. In the language of the turf, Mr.
Holme took the lead, was never headed, and won in a
canter. To give the poll hourly would be a waste of
space; and we shall, therefore. content ourselves with
naming the final result at four o'clock :
For Mr. Holme 306
For Mr. 800th......

Majority for Mr. Holme.. 77
Or nearly double the supposed liberal majority. We
cannot conceive anything more gratifying than this re-
sult must be to Mr. llolwe, and its announcement eli-
cited long, loud, and general cheering.
At the close of the poll, Mr. Holme and a number of
his Committee crossed over the way, and from the window
of his drawing-room, he addressed a vast crowd, which
had assembled in the street. On snaking his appearance
he was received with many hearty cheers ; which having
ceased, he spoke as follows: —Gentlemen, I should, indeed,
be ungrateful if I did not return to you my most heartfelt
thanks, for the triumphant position in which you have
placed me this day. (Hear, bear.) This position is
the more gratifying to my feelings, because it has been
a triumph gained over a gentleman for whom I have
the greatest regard ; and even if I had been defeated,
it would have been some consolation to me that I
had been defeated by such a man as Mr. Booth.
(Hear, hear.) I beg, however, to say that I attribute very
much of the victory which has been achieved this day to
the vials of abuse which have been so unsparingly heaped
upon my head,—(hear, and applause)—by men who had
not the manlitess, and who dared not, when I gave
them the challenge, to come forward before my face.
(Cheers.) Therefore I treat, as I ever will treat, every
anonymous slanderer, who has not the courage to say
to a man's face what he insinuates behind his back
—with perfect contempt. (Hear.) In prose and in
poetry, have I been figuring upon the walls - and I now
beg to say, that the poet who has done me the honour to
placard me through the town during the last few weeks.
skillmav gboy,
writinga as soonlo Oh, no,
hpnaor eo,
dwye pleases,unpenet arab terednw
mention
orx
dne
sr
him,
his poetical
namer
is never heard."
and laughter.)malirkisname
t t Gentlemen,he
result
reCa hc
efie ors n
through their lives have acted honestly and independently,
appeal to their fellow townsmen as I have appealed to
you. Mark, I say, what has been the result. I state it
now publicly that I did not put myself forward. I was
anxious to have remained, as I have for some years, in
private life. But a requisition, numerously and respect-
ably signed, was presented to me; and I have ever advo-
cated the principle, and I always shall, that no man
has a right to live exclusively for his own benefit ; but
that it is his bounden duty to do as much good to his
fellow creatures as I e possibly can. (Hear.) I ask what
has been the result? Why, that a number of tradesmen,
honest independent tradesmen, men 'wielding power, and
wielding it well, have been indignant at the course which
has been adopted by—not a number of the respectable
Whigs of this ward, but by a small, and insignificant, and
contemptible clique, whom I set at defiance. (Cheers.)
The result has also been that my brother James has been
brought out for Scotland Ward, who, probably, would not
have become a candidate at all had it not been for this un-
mitigated abuse. Thus a just retribution, and a just
reaction takes place when men depart from the principle
of rectitude, and do that which is mean and despicable.
Let me further say, although you may accuse me of
partiality, that if the electors of Scotland Ward return •
my brother, and he makes half as good a Councillor as
he has been a brother, an exemplary man in every rela-
tion of life, and an honest and straightforward tradesman,
they will to-marrow make a choice that will be a benefit
to the inhabitants at large. (Cheers.) Some of you will
have, observed a paragraph in the Albion this morning,
to the effect that every vote given to my brother
and myself will be thrown away. I beg to contradict
that statement. (Hear, hear.) When last in the Comi-
cl, for the purpose of recognizing a salutary prin-
ciple, but contrary to the opinion of the Town-clerk,
so far as the law was concerned ; first, is. conformity
with it so far as the spirit of the act was concerned, I paid
the fine. Though I had nothing to do with the Corpora-
tion, yet, for the purpose of ke t I
dependent, I did see fit to resign my seat in the Council.
You have called upon me now : it was no act of mine
that I came forward; and in coming forward, I took that
which think herDoesietcsttorrasigol tf
Rfoordwnaeryd_csotrueresteivlarcdal,leads
arhPen b
jurym toe
e
t in
wasg
the
the owhom I appealed. (Hear.) They have
opinionr
responded
;a
nt h
do
It
shall
a appeal;lig theytb t
b the have
ToTown
pronounced
Council
itnhdeei
pendent, unfettered, and as anxious as any man can be to
forward the best interests of Liverpool. (Cheers.) lam
sure, gentlemen, that all of you, whether you agree with
me in political opinion or not, will coincide with me in
this, that we should have no small measures for a port
like Liverpool. The extent of our commerce requires ex-
tended accommodation. The state of many of our sit eets
—what is popularly called the sanatory condition of the
town—requires great and vigilant attention ; and that at-
tention I shall be most happy to bestow. It is to me a
mark of great gratification, that I have had the cordial sup-
port of so many of my fellow-tradesmen. I see faces among
you with whom for years I have been in the habit of hold-
ing friendly, nay, affectionate intercourse. It is indeed a
source of rejoicing to me, that my conduct has met with
their approval, for I have never been the man to grind them
down in their prices, but, on the contrary, always to act
upon the principle of " live, and let live." (Hear.) These
principles have gained me your support, and I hope they
will enable rre to. preserve it. But, whilst I say that, I
will never be one to endeavour to force a great num-
ber of tradesmen into the Council, so as to take entire
possession of it, because I wish to see ourselves repre-
sented by men .of all descriptions; and at the same
time I will never be one to assent to the opinion
that because a man is a tradesman he is to be ex-
cluded from the Council ;—(eheers)—for if there is any
one thing more offensive to me than another, it is the
aristocratic feeling of some of those who call themselves
republicans and leveliers. (Cheers.) I fear lam unable
to wake myself audible to all of you. (Cries of "Go on,
go on.") lam suffering from a severe cold ; and I must
conclude by again thanking you for the way in which yen
have so triumphantly
And,uamc cpnehpoatwn
thoset—lywr
now—whether
ett uht
hra
enn
rekdas mm ea
fromane
tyhhoaeus
very
br eeep
nr ese
groundt
opposed
t oi vf ;
my
hmbeeegaryotc:runot, I beg to say that no political or personal feel-
ing on my part shall influence my conduct in the Town
Council; I will endeavour, to the best of my power, to
carry out those measures which are for the benefit of the
inhabitants at large. (Cheers.) There is, however, one
thing I wish to mention befOre I conclude. A
paragraph appeared in the Journal of Saturday last,
stating that I bad lent myself to some small clique
to exclude Mr. George Hall Lawrence' from the mayor-
alty. It was scarcely honourable, I think, to say that
upon the eve of the election, (hear) for although the editor
said he did not believe any such thing, he did not hesitate to
publish the insinuation. (Hear, hear.) I beg to state
distinctly, as I have already in a letter to the Albion, that
the statement is entirely a fabrication—a fabrication from
lindtolbautasitneensozi,f
gentlemanly feeling,
gi
f
assiduitybeginninga tond end.
attention
and if being a member of an old Liverpool family. are
any passports to the mayorality, I do rigg 1.4110°
(Coartnied on $1.44 eigkth pace.) Os
DA I%D
onA,p•
• -4-
v
..•
v,„

6
, .
I XTH ADDRESS TO THE PROTESTANTS OF i for the charcoal will give to the plant, when it begins to
THE EMPIRE, BY THE COMMITTEE OF THE I grow, that which the disease has taken from it, and the
NATIONAL CLUB. next crop will be quite sound. But if you cannot do this,
plant the seed just as I have before described, and no
We are asked, Why this stir about Protestantism ? matter what kind you have, do not be afraid of using it.
What is our drift? 'Where is the danger ?—Plain ques- Let the sets be as sound as you cau pet them, but don't
Lions which shall have a plain answer. I fear t i use diseased potatoes, if you plant them in dry
1. We admit that we regard our national interests as in weather, and at once—that is, this month or the next—
danger, and our Protestant principles especially. We but in no case later than December; end, if you follow
have raised the cry of danger, and we avow it. To meet this advice, please God ! you will have good potatoes nest
the danger we bid you collect your strength, and fix your season.
aim—one great aim to baffle the plans of those who would JASPER W. ROGERS, C.E.
give to the Church of Rome the money and power of the Nottnigham-street, Dublin, Oct., 1846.
people of England. This is the practical design of the ---aseeeea-aee
majority of our statesmen;—we pray you to defeat it. • THE LOSS OF THE GREAT BRITAIN.
2. We brand it as a design of mischief and of folly,—it
is wrong. too one should teach to others what he thinks TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.
it wrong to do. If it be right to give up your mind and
conscience to the keeping of a pri• et, and to take his word Sitt,—Your laboured article on my statement to the
directors of the Great Western Steam-ship Company has
in place of God's word, why are you a Protestant? why just this moment reached me. I do not, cannot believe,
not join the Church of Rome ? If you think these things with all the power for mischief you unfortunately possess,
wrong. why do you lead others to do this wrong ? why and exercise with evident gratification, that it can do me
teach this wrong to the ignorant? any injury. We truly are a paper-ridden people; but
3. But the scheme is as weak as it is wicked. Look there are still many who judge for themselves, and they
first to England : who amongst our labourers are the most will increase, I hope ; and to them I appeal from your
ignorant and wretched,—uncleanly in their habits, homes, self-formed judgment. The idea of a landsman or a
and rags,—poor in their fare ? All who know our towns lubber (evidently one or the other is the editorial " we")
will answer, the Irish—the Ronan Catholic Irish. They, pronouncing so decided an opinion in such a case is ridicu-
by their habits, Cegrade the m als and the manners, and lous ; but you well know you have never given the Great
lessen the wages of their labo ass,' s ; yet they have lived Western Steam-ship Company, or any person connected
among us for generations, and they have lived unimproved; with it, fair play. Why, you can best tell. Your scrib-
they do not rise to our level,—they sink us to their own. bier says, " Captain Hosken starts with excuses for tak-
Why is this? Is there any natural reason? None,— ing the North Channel." Captain Hosken "starts" with
no people have higher qualities, quicker and more sus- reasons for doing so, and maintains them to be good and
ceptible minds. Yet they live in the midst of civiFzation, sufficient; and then follow sapient remarks and laboured
its exception and reproach. What is the reason ? You lines, which I pass over, only noticing a fete of them,
cannot get at their minds—their minds are sealed up from leaving you St. Paul's, Charing-cross, Whitehall, and
you, from all contact with you—their mind is in thraldom Farringdon-street to wander in, and recommending your
to the priest ; their passions have no check from the fear scribbler to extend his walk to Leadenhall-street, to
of God, their souls are in bondage to tile fear of man, improve his knowledge in navigation.
Mental thraldom, moral abasement, physical wretched- "At half-past five o'clock he has the Isle of Man on his
ness I—this is the law of nature. right. He runs straight away, by his own reckoning,
4. Look next to Ireland. Every one wishes Ireland to some thirty miles, and then jumps at a conclusion, at a
be peaceful :it is the interest of all that it should ;—why quarter past eight, that he has this same island on his
is it not so? Its people are poor—but why? There is /eft." Any of your nautical readers will understand a
everything to make them rich ; there, numbers are great, ship's course being altered from N.W.-by N. to N. by-E.
—not so great as in England, nor growing so fast. But will bring a light from the starboard to the port or far-
they have little capital ;—why? We have too much • we board bow, and this is really all the point in your article;,
could flood Ireland with capital. Why do not our holders your winding up, "We have no wish to press hardly on a'
of capital go there ? Because life is unsafe, and property man who has suffered already such mortifications and
insecure; 'therefore the capitalist stands aloof. You can- losses from his own act," is paltry, and, as it means no-
not have the wealth, ti's arts, the employments of civili- thing, is unworthy of notice, as I shall consider any more
zation among the disorders of the lawless. editorials on this subject. But if " Nautio.us," or any of
But is this the case throughout all Ireland? Not your correspondents, attack me with their names, I shall
among the Protestants; not in a great part of Ulster ; be quite prepared to answer them.
this state of things, then, is confined to the Roman Ca- I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
tholic Irish alone. JAMES HOSKEN.
Why are they in this state ? Is their religion the Great Britain Steam-ship, October, 28th.
cause? Take the facts and mark th en. No people In ..,r,aaara,=asss
Europe are so governed by thei aeiests. But the Romish
priesthood, torn from cll the iterests of society, have S 14.] C 0 ArD EDITION
one grand passion—the lust for power, and wealth, as a •
means of power; they live for their church—they seek _
for their church universal empire. They can gain domi-
nion as other governments do, o:ly bs gaining a holdover ' Standarct,office, Half-past 12 o'cijck.
the mind; the
,govern the minis of men by fables ad-
dressed to their tears,--that is the source of the power of --so.-
the priesthood. MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
But a multitude who believe fables must be ignorant.
Therefore popular. ignorance must be maintained. No -
people are so ignorant as the Irish Roman Catholics. ADJOURNED PROCEEDING-S.
Such is the fact ; popular superstition, popular ignorance
—this is the law of the Church of Rome. Popular ig-
norance, popular passion, popular disorders—this is the STATE OF THE POLL.
law of nature. We may despise this law, we may over- SCOTLAND-WARD.
look it, but it is fixed, and it will stand. A powerful
priesthood, a turbulent people. 12 o'ceocar.
5. But they say that this is from the ignorance of the Mr. James Holme (c) ,
priests, and they will educate the priests. Educate the
Mr. William Thornhill (n)
priests! teach the Church of Rome ! Go and learn from
her! the ablest government which ever ruled mankind— SOUTH TONTETIT 'WARD.
the longest and the strongest ; which has lived through
all ages, races, and climates—the only one which has 20 MINUTES PAST 12.
ever sought universel power, and has won it, and holds it Mr. Thomas T. Glazebrook (c)
now as firmly as before. But the lii,ll priests are Miter-
Mr. William Watson (it)
ate—if the State will pay and teach them, they will be-
come learned. The State pays and teaches the priests of . - -- . - - • . .
Belgium and of France, and yet the majority of their
priests are grossly illiterate. flow is this? These illi- THIRD EDITION.
terate priests are the soldiers of a gree• army. We don't
win our battles by ranks of courtiers ; it is the rough •
plain soldier who does the work and wins the day. Standard-Q,l7ice.Tica o'clock.
These rude coarse priests are the soldiers of a rude coarse ,
people, and fitted to move them. But they have their _______,,,___—
generals, and if you would know them, they combine the LIVERPOOL. CORN EXCHANGE.—Tarts DAY.
p
intellect and the sagacity of the wort-1 : the subtle arts of Owing to the extraordinary interru tion's to which the
Italy, the learning of the German, the fervour of Ireland
corn trade in
Ireland has been lately exPosecloour supplies
.o sery
and of France, the patient power of ::ngland. These are
thence are still very inconsiderable, coastwise are scarcely worth namine
to
those fresh in.
t
the men who lead them, who work t he vast confederacy
consumers, therefore, with the demand: for wantstretilanseits
and work it well. These are the leaders whose skitl baffles
coast-
your courts, whose tactics put your diplomacy to shame. wise and to Ireland, we are of course dependent on the
Go and learn from these, the masters of mankind. stocks in granary, or deliveries from the neighbouring
growers, and on foreign importations which, since this
6. But would you make them your friends, and govern
'
Ireland through them ? Many governments- have tried day week, furnish a liberal supply of Wheat, and 'Flour,
this, all have failed. Will you alone succeed ? Has
with a few lots of Barley anciPeaso, and 3,938' qrs. of
Holland or Prussia or France? Have you succeeded in Indian Corn, as stated below.
The decline in London yesterday has produced an in-
India or Australia, New Zealand or Newfoundland, Ca-
nada or New Brunswick ? What have they done for you creased depression here this morning : altogether,. a very
'
there? Have they made the task of your government limited business has been done, at a reduction, on Wheat
more easy? Ask the British merchant; ask your cold- of 3d. to 4d. per 70 lbs. - Sack Flour 2s. to 38.; Barrel,
Mal governors, both free and bond, 2s. 6al.
Your scheme is a folly ; your plan a delusion. Oats and Oatmeal about support previous, rates,
7. But we must have them as our friends on an; terms. and Indian Corn still commands high prices for any
Well, you can have them, but on their own terms, on the spot,. while parcels for future arrival are
What are these ? Make your government do their work ; more plentifully offered, and little or no enquiry for tam
snake the power and wealth of England raise the power even at reduced rates from those lately obtainable_
and wealth of the Church of Rome. Then they are your
friends, your fast friends; but then they are your mas-
ARRIVALS OF CORN,
tars. Will you take them as such ? Wilt you, the Eug-
From tize.27th. October to the 2d Nay., inclusive-
lish people, submit to be their slaves?
To pay the priests, unless you are prepared for this, la CAIW AN
AIU.STAT
a scandal. It is an insult to common understanding. A
It I RE.- (CO A ST-
is a folly so notable, that it should be noted, and he who - "1"- co,..raza WILSROPY
is guilty of it, and boasts of it as though it were a clever
Wheat .. ... Ors. 1 JOl 325 1102 1208 15395
scheme, deserves to be pilloried, and branded with the Barley Qr 3. 31 950 es i •
scorn of England ! slabt Qrs. 25 8 33
Signed, by order of the Committee, Oats
RICHARD NUGENT, Rye Qrs.
Honorary Secretary. Beans Qrs. 143
13, Cockspur-street, Oct. 27, 1816. Pease Qrs. IN 444 594
......... ShelledßarleyQrs.
Indian Corn. Qrs. U 394.0
HOW TO SAVE THE POTATO. Oatmeal .. Loads 1355 95 1455
Flour. ....Sacks 2377 45 24.22
TO THE PEASANTRY OF IRELAND. Ditto
____ 6103- , 22590
In November last, and subsequently, I laid before the EXPORTS.—Foreign. Wheat,— qrs.; Barley,— qrs.; Pease,
onvprornent and nthpr leadinr, anthnrities of the country. qrs. ; Oats, '25 qrs.; Indian Corn, —qrs.; Oatmeal,

:XPORTS.—Foreign. Wheat,— qrs.; Barley,— qrs.; Pease,
qrs. ; Oats, 25 qrs. ; Indian Corn, qrs.; Oatmeal,
sacks ; Flour, 15 brls.—lreland. Wheat, 1152 qrs. ; Bar-
ley, qrs.; Beans, 42 qrs ; Oats, qrs. ; Indian Corn, 3.325
qrs. ;'Oatmeal, sks; Flour, 1090 sks 31337 brls. —Coastwise.
Wheat, 2137 qrs. ; Barley, qrs. ; Malt, qrs. ; Oats, 19
qrs.; Beans, 874 qrs.; Pease, 226 qrs. ; Oatmeal, 254 sacks;
Indian Corn, 65 qrs.; Flour, 380 sacks 2485 brls.

TO THE PEASANTRY OF IRELAND.
In November last, and subsequently, I laid before the
government, and other leading authorities of the country,
the fact that the disease of the potato could be checked,
and overcome, by planting the seed in Autumn in place of
spring. And had it been the Almighty will that this
were then promulgated and believed, and that the planting
took place at that period, perhaps famine would not have
reached the land ; but it was otherwise ordained, and you,
who so truly depend upon the " toill of God!" will feel
that what is is best.
No one then advocated the messure, because it was not
generally known; but now that the proposition has been
publicly promulgated, and reason brought to bear upon it,
the newspapers have echoed its truth and advantages from
end to end of the country. Ido not, therefore, ask you
to depend upon my simple word ; but as ail the agricultural
authorities now fully bear out what in November last I
urged as the real and simple remedy, I implore you, for
your own sakes, at once to follow the advice which I pub-
lish for your good. If you doubt me, ask your clergyman,
and he will tell you whether I am wrong or right.
Lose not a moment in planting your potatoes; and for
this year use beds or ridges, with deep furrows between,
so as to let all the water run off.
Manure the ground just as usual ; cover the set, at least
six inches, with fine earth.; that is, do not put on clods :
make the covering snug and close, and finish your ridges
off evenly.
Run the beds so that the water may get off readily ;
and do not plant in any ground which will be flooded in
winter.
Follow this plan, and, please God, Toll will have a good
crop early next year.
Do not be afraid of the frost—it will not injure the set;
and even should the shoot come up and be cut off, it will
come again, and give you a sound potato early in the sea-
son, if you but cover the seed as I have told you. And I
shall now show you why, because I wish you to know as
well as myself.
When you put your potatoes into pits in autumn and
cover them closely up with straw and clay and that they
are a little time lying together, they begin to heat, just as
you know a green rick of hay would : but they cant take
fire, because they are so very wet in themselves—still they
heat Well, the consequence is, as soon as they get
warm, they shoot and grow ; and if the winter should be
mild (as it has been in Ireland for several years) they shoot
more; and so, by the time spring comes, the whole pit is
filled with shoots, some a yard or two long.
Just think of this. Must it not take away almost all
the strength of the potato ? And when you pull off the
shoots, which are the principal part of its life, and then
put that potato for seed into the ground, you cannot surely
wonder that it either misses entirely, or that what it pro-
duces must be weak and diseased.
Suppose, now, that you had a parcel of oats, on a loft,
that you were keeping for seed ; and that you found, when
you were going to sow it, that it was all sprouted, would
you not think yourself a very great fool to put that in the
ground, hoping to get a good crop ? To be sure you
would; in fact you would not use it at all. Yet this is
just what you have been doing with the potato for many a
year. You have put it in a pit warmer than the ground,
or the natural air, and after growing there by means of
that increased heat, from November till May very likely,
you expect it to give you a sound offspring, although it
has left almost all its life in the pit.
Now, you know this is quite contrary to nature. You
cannot expect a strong child from a weak parent ; and why
the poor potato is to be worse treated than anything else
in its propagation I cannot see. If you want a good crop
of wheat you buy sound seed; if oats, you do the-same—
in short, for all crops except the potato but you use IT
so badly, that you first drive almost all its strength and
growth away, and then you put it in the ground more than
half dead, expecting it to give you sound produce. •
This, then, is the reason why autumn planting should
be at once adopted and always followed—because, when
you plant at that time, all the power and vigour of the
seed is given to the offspring. When nature calls upon it
to grow, it grows as she wishes, which cannot be wrong.
Not like the forced and unnatural growth in the pit, which
is given out uselessly, then lost, and the plant left to de-
pend on whatever little life may still remain for the repro-
duction.
Do not hesitate, then, to plant your potatoes now; next
year you will have a good crop, and a year or two will,
with the permission of Providence, make the potato as
sound as it ever was, if you so continue.
Now, if yon can contrive, in addition to this, to burn a
it tle turf into charcoal, wh'ich you all understand can be
simply done; and after breaking it about as fine as sand,
brow a sm"l handful or even dusting of it, on each set,
wU find that the crop will be stronger and be

Average prices of Grain, for the week ending Oct. 24. 1546.
Wheat boa. l d. I Barley 4os. 2d. 1 Oats 255. k. ; Rye aga. Od.
Beans..4ss. 9d. j Pease..4Ss.
A.ggregate average of the six weeks.
Wheat afis. Oct. ; Barley 375. 7d. I Oats.. 245.13 d. liye36s. 2d.
:Beans.. 435. 6d. j Pease.. 455. 7d.
Duty on Foreign Produce this week.
Wheat 4sod I Barley as Od 1 Oats .. . is 6dßye. 2s Od
Beans 2s Od.l Pease.. 2s Od I Ind. Corn Os Od Floursas4id

Duty on British Colonial.
Wheat.. Is. Od. I Barley.. Is. od. I Oats. Is. Od. I Rye... Is. Od.
Beans.. is. ad. t Pease.. Is. Od. I Flour. 4p. cwt.
Liverpool Averages, week ending Oct. 27, 1246.
Wheat, 633 qrs., price (30;. Id; Barley, qrs., price —d.;
Oats, 91 qrs., price 30s. 6d. ; Rye, qrs., price Os.. Od. ;
Beans, vs.. rs. od.; Pease, qrs., price Os. Od.
Duties paid in Liverpool, week ending Oct. 29.
Foreign.—Wheat, 1100 qrs.; Barley, qrs. ; Malt,
qrs. ; Oats, 169 qrs. ; Rye, qrs. ; Beans, 3.31€ qrs ; Pease, 39
qrs.; Indian Corn, 020 qrs.; Oatmeal, loads ; Flour, 1271
barrels.
Colonial.—Wheat, 23 qrs. ; Pease, qrs.; Flour, 767 brls.