The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-08-01 00:00:00

BRAZIL

On the 17th of May, a decree was issued by the Empe-
ror of Brazil, as hostile in spirit towards English com-
merce as it is favourable towards that of France. It sets
out with stating that the executive government is autho-
rised by the law of the 30th November, 1841, to fix the
customs' duties at from 2 to'3o per cent ; it then proceeds
to declare that the time for the law to come into opera-
tion has arrived, and the first article appoints a com-
mission. The decree then proceeds as follows :
Art. 2d. The commission is ordered to prepare a Panta
(or tariff) of duties on imports to be collected in the
custom-houses of the empire ; and, if possible, to conclude
its work by the end of June. In this labour, it shall be
regulated by the following bases .

Art. 3d. The commission shall ascertain what articles
are requisite for the defence of the state, and of these
such as are actually produced in the country, and such
as easily can be; and shall impose 60 per cent duty on
similar articles imported from abroad.

Art. 4th. It shall proceed to the necessary investiga-
tions to ascertain what articles are of first necessity, or
which are considered such on account of their general
consumption imported from abroad, which it shall rate in
the panta at 20 per cent duty ; excepting, however, those
which, without serious injury to the poorer classes, and
without risk of smuggling, will bear a heavier duty : from
these there shall be formed a separate class of articles,
subject to 24 per cent duty, notwithstanding their being
articles of first necessity.

Art. sth. It shall paint out which are the articles and
merchandise, which, containing great value in small bulk,
offer a profit upon smuggling. Upon these articles it
shall impose duties of from 2 to 10 per cent, according to
the risk of contraband.

Art. 6th. It is required also to determine what foreign
productions are required similar to those produced in the
country, and which, by competition, damage the latter,
and it shall impose duties of from 50 to 60 per cent on
them ; taking into consideration the quality of the arti-
cles produced in the empire, the capital employed in their
production, and the perfection of which they are suscep-
tible.

Art. 7th. With like duties, the commission shall charge
articles that are beginning to be produced in the empire,
or of which the production shall be naturalized from pos-
sessing the raw materials requisite; graduating the duties
according to the perfection that may be expected to be
attained in the home-made articles.

Art. Bth. Coarse cotton goods shall be charged with a
duty of 60 per cent.; fine ones, from 40 to 50 per cent.
Art. 9th. Looms and all other machinery used in spin-
ning or weaving shall be free of:duty.
Art. 10th. India goods, with the exception of articles
comprehended under Art. sth, shall pay 60 per cent., if
imported in foreign bottoms; if in Brazilian bottoms, on
account of foreigners, 40 per cent.; and if in Brazilian
bottoms, and on account of subjects of the empire, 20
per cent. Articles under the head of Art. sth, if im-
ported in Brazilian bottoms, shall be subject to half
duty only.
Art. 11th. Wines and spirits shall pay 50 per cent., and
all articles not specially enumerated in this decree shall
pay 30 to 40 per cent.
Art. 12th. The commission shall inquire what measures
besides those mentioned in this decree it may be advisable
to adopt, in order to favour the national commercial
marine, whether a reduction in duties on all articles im-
ported in the national bottoms, and upon anchorage dues
now payable, and how much.
Art. 13th provides that the duties may be levied either
ad valorem, or per panta valuation.
Art. 14th. The panta that the commission may draw
up shall be accompanied by such observations as may be
thought necessary, not only as regards the motives that
may have operated in fixing the rates of duties in such
cases as are left to the option of the commission, but also
as to any difficulties that may be supposed likely to ac-
crue from the measures proposed ; and finally what ought
to be done at the period when the treaty with Great
Britain expires ; submitting the whole to me through my
minister of finance.

From the terms of our existing treaty with Brazil, how-
ever, the above duties cannot come into operation until
is expiry in 1844.

BETWEEN TWO RAILS.—The following accident hap-
pened two days ago on the Corbeil railroad. A young
man walking along its side, stepped between the rails to
pick up a burning coal for the purpose of lighting his pipe.
Whilst thus occupied, he heard the whistle of the train
coining from Paris. lie immediately went over to the
other line of rails. At the same moment the train from
Orleans came in the opposite direction ; but the noise of
the first train prevented the man from hearing the ap-
proach of the other until it was too late for him to do
more than place himself between the two lines. The
space, however, was so narrow that the first wheels of one
of the trains went over his feet, cut them both off, caused
him to fall inward towards the train, the whole of which
went over him, and crushed off the front part of his head,
scattering his brains to a distance of 20 paces.— Galignani's
Messenger.