The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-03-28 00:00:00

Btstria getils.

The Hon. E. H. Stanley was gazetted on Tuesday to
be Deputy-Lieutenant of Lancashire.
The new covered market at Wrexham was opened on
Thursday week.

Sir R.' Peel has forwarded £5O, in aid of the repair of
Church Kirk roof, near Blackburn, which is in a ruinous
condition.

The cotton mills in Bolton are, on an average, running
considerably shorter time than they were a few weeks

A little girl died last week, in Manchester, in conse-
quence of having fallen from a chair upon the point of a
pair of scissors with which she was,playing.
The Commission of Assize will be opened at Chester
on Wednesday (to-morrow), and the business in both
courts will commence on Thursday morning. There is a
fearfully heavy calendar.
WHITEHALL, MARCH 11.—The Right Hen. Sir Thos.
Wilde, Knight, has appointed James Galloway, of Prescot,
in the county of Lancaster, Gent., to be one of the Per-
petual Commissioners for taking the acknowledgments of
deeds, to be executed by married women, in and for the
county of Lancaster.
A few days, since, a man who appeared to be deaf and
dumb went to the ball in Alderley Park, Cheshire, and
managed to inform the coachman, whose planet he pro-
mised to " rule," that for .E 2 he would name a place where
£7OO were buried. The duped coachman was foolish
enough to give the £2, and afterwards paid some men to
dig at the spot which the wizard had named, but of course
no treasure was found.
GENTLEMEN OF THE PRESS.—A Manchester town-
councillor complained last week in his place in council,
that a reporter for the Manchester Guardian had stated,
in his report of a former meeting, that he could not re-
press a smile when a certain councillor pronounced the
word routine "rout-in." The complainant thought re-
porters—were reporters, and they had no right to express
an opinion, or to smile in a councillor's faee,while he was

speaking.
A RUNAWAY STAG.—Last year Sir John Gerard put
up a stag in the neighbourhood of Newton, which, after
being chased for a long time, completely eluded the intre-
pidity of hounds and hunters. He was afterwards en-
trapped, and brought back again to his old quarters. The
same animal, known by the name of Rob Roy, was Put up
Again on the Bth instant, and was equally successful in
'making his escape. Rob, it appeared, had been rambling
about in this neighbourhood, and was caught by the legs
by two crofters as he was about to leap the wall into the
yard at St. Peter's Church, in Halliwell, on Saturday
last. Instead of being in his " native glens," he is now
safely " Tolboothed" at Smithills Hall.—Bolton Citron.
EMPLOYMENT IN MANCHESTER.—A comparison of
last week's return compared with the previous week, gives
the following results :—Two cotton mills previously
working full time, and one working short time, have stop-
ped. 992 of the operatives employed in cotton mills, who
were last week working full time, are now either working
short time, or are out of employment altogether. Of the
total works included in the table, there are four fewer
working full time, one of which is working short time,
and the others are stopped altogether. There are now
835 more operatives out of employment than there were
last week, of whom 716 were then working full time, and
111 were working short time. The return is, therefore,
of an unfavourable character.
THE HON. E. H. STANLEY.—Since our last the Cam-
bridge Tripos has come out, and it abundantly confirms
the compliments paid to the Hon. E. H. Stanley'S high
attainments in the letter of a distinguished member of the
University, alluded to in our last, as we find that the hon.
gentleman's name stands in the first class. This is a great
distinction, because it is not by talent alone that it can
be reached. With talent, must be combined indus-
try, and there is no instance on record of a young
nobleman, with an earldom in vista (a long one we hope),
who has achieved for himself so much honour. The Earl'
of Burlington is an exception to the general rule, but we
are not sure that at the time his lordship attained so much
eminence at college, he stood in the same position as the
Hon. Mr. Stanley in relation to the peerage.—Lancaster
Gazette.
THE ORDER OP ODDFELLOWS.—The Manchester Bo-
rough Court was occupied for about six hours, on Wed-
nesday last, before several magistrates, in investigating
the charges against Mr. William Ratcliffe, the corre-
sponding secretary. The nature of the general charges
against him have so. often been published, that it would be
useless to repeat them here. It may be stated, however,
that the investigation turned on a charge not much pre-
viously known ; it was with having withheld a sum of
£2OO. subscribed by the order, for the relief of Irish and
Scotch destitution, arising from the failure of the potato
crop. The evidence for the prosecution, however, did not
bring the matter home to Mr. Ratcliffe, and it was only
when his brother, who was his assistant secretary, was put
in the box on the defence, that the case was made out.
From this it appeared that from £9OO to £llOO had been
subscribed for-this purpose; that some £3OO or £4OO had
been sent to its proper destination, and that £5OO of the
sum had been entered in the books to Mr. Ratcliffe's
private account. The magistrates called upon the defen-
dant to enter into sureties, himself in £3OO, and two
others in £l5O each, for his appearance at the assizes, at
Liverpool, to answer the charges. The court was crowded
to excess throughout.
MISREPRESENTATION OF MANCHESTER.—WO lately
animadverted upon the unworthy position in which Man-
chester was- placed by Mr. Milner Gibson's connexion
with the Whig government. Within the last few days
matters have become considerably worse. The misrepre-
sentation of Manchester is complete. Mr. Gibson moves-
on not only steadily. but with an increasingly descending
tendency. Vireo acquiret eundo. On two successive
nights he has recorded votes of a character so entirely
opposed to the views entertained by the great majority of
his constituents that to speak of him any more as repre-
senting the opinions of Manchester is sheer folly. Man-
chester, by the voice of Mr. Gibson, declares its readiness
to exempt Ireland from the income-tax ; and is content
that there should be no reduction in our extravagant na-
val expenditure. Manchester. by the voice of Mr. Bright,
protests against the injustice of certain classes in Ireland
being exempted from a burden which they are quite as
well able to bear as the same classes in England and
Scotland ,• and votes for a reduction in a branch of expen-
diture which has been nearly doubled during the last 12
years. Whether does Mr. Gibson or Mr. Bright speak
the opinion of Manchester ? Both cannot be right. Or
may we not rather say that on these important questions
this constituency has been deprived of any vote whatever?
Mr. Gibson has virtually been the means of disfranchising
Manchester.—Manchester Examiner (radical paper.)
SIXTEEN PERSONS DROWNED.—We are this week
called upon to narrate the occurrence of two most melan-
choly events, by which not fewer than sixteen individuals
have met their grave. The first occurred at Latheron-
wheel, on Friday last, on which day several boats from the
different stations had been prosecutingp the fishing as
usual. A heavy swell had arisen since their departure, so
as to render landing extremely dangerous. One little
barque and its despairing crew drove forward with its
broadside on the beach, when they were speedily rescued.
The other boat was seen overtopping the huge swell, and
every preparation was made to receive her. In a minute
or two she got into the middle of the broken sea, and a
tremendous wave breaking over her, swept the crew,
seven in number, into the foaming surge. Soon thereafter
the body of one of the men was got hold of, but life was
quite extinct. Then appeared the mast of the boat, with
a man grasping it so firmly as with difficulty to be severed
from it. This was David M'Grigor. At first he was in-
sensible, but gradually recovered. The names of the sit&
ferers are,—William Finlayson, married ; Robert Grant,
ditto ; Alexander M'Kay, ditto ; George Ross, ditto ;
William Sutherland, unmarried ; and Angus Sutherland,
ditto. The first three have left widows and young fami-
lies, consisting of fifteen children in all, and in very indi-
gent circumstances. The fourth has left a widow, only
one month married; and the two last had widowed mo-
thers, also in great poverty. Another boat was upset at
the same hour, when entering a fishing creek west of
Dunbeath, and three of the crew taken from under her
when thrown upon the beach. Letters have been received
with the information that, last week, while a boat's crew,
on the west coast of Sutherlandshire, consisting of seven
men and three women, were engaged in gathering ware,
the boat was upset, and all on board her perished.—John
o' Groat Journal.

" MONSTER " EXAGGERATIONS.—Mr. Doheny, a ci-
&vent schoolmaster, and now anllrish barrister, attended
the Manchester repeal meeting as one of the deputation
from " the Irish confederates" of Dublin. On Sunday
week, on his way back to Ireland, he addressed a meeting
of repealers in Liverpool, and coolly told them that, on
the preceding Friday evening, " he had addressed a meet-
ing of thirteen thousand repealers in the Free-trade Hall
of Manchester." - From accurate calculations in the
Manchester Guardian, it appears, however, that the hall
will not hold more than 6,300, and the platform had forms
and tables on it, and therefore the number in the build-
ing would be less than 6000. This is, perhaps, the
smallest of Mr. Doheny's exaggerations of numbers.
He stated at Liverpool that he had attended a soiree on
Saturday evening, at Manchester, at which " six thou-
sand" persons were present. This was a tea party in the
large room of the Town-hall, at which, instead of 6,000,
there were certainly not 500 present ; and it would be im-
possible to cram more than one-sixth of Mr. Doheny's
number in the floo- space, if every bench and table were
removed. This room is exactly 68ft.8in. in length, by 32ft.
9in. in width, an area of 260 square yards, which, if all the
furniture were removed, and the room packed at four per-
sons to the square yard, would only hold 1,000. But we
come to the climax of Mr. Doheny's estimates. On Sun-
day week, at the chartist camp meeting at Oldham Edge,
he spoke of that meeting as " half a million of the men of
Lancashire upon an open hill," &c. In the same speech,
he estimated them at ' a quarter of a million of English-
men ;" and, at Liverpool, he told the repealers that at
this meeting " there were not fewer than one hundred
and thirty thousand persons." Here we have the same
man varying his statement as to the numbers, from
500,000 to 250,000, and thence down to 130,000 ! But
here again the shortest process to approach the truth,
would be to strike off the lest cypher and reduce his
amount to one-tenth of his lowest estimate. As nearly as
the numbers on Oldham Edge, at the time when they
were largest, could be calculated, they appeared to be
about 15,000 persons ; and certainly could not exceed
16,000 altogether.

How TO OBTAIN HEALTH WHEN LOST.—The wonder-
ful regenerating effects that Holloway's Pills produce
upon the whole system is truly astonishing. This won-
derful medicine perfectly identifies and assimilates itself
with the blood and ocher fluids, while it removes from
them all other impurities. It acts upon the stomach, the
liver, the heart, the longs, and the kidneys ; and in its
course, so surely cleanses and invigorates those organs as
to make the return of health the immediate consequence
of a few doses of this wonder-working renne4.ly. Persons
-of weak and, debilitated - constitutions •are sure to regain
ther health and vigour.hy .their use, when •every .ottier
weans have failed%

March 28, 184 C

LANCASTER ELECTION SCRIITINY.—The Conservative
of Lancaster have fully determined upon instituting a
scrutiny into the late election. An address has appeared
from the Hon. E. H. Stanley, the defeated candidate. in
which, after alluding to the support he received, and to
the probability of his yet succeeding to the representation
by means of a scrutiny, the hon. gentleman says :
Acting on this' conviction, I have felt it due, to you
and to myself, to petition the House of Comreons to
grant a committee, before which I may claim that seat,
which I believe, by your favour, to be my right ; and I
cherish the confident expectation that many weeks will
not elapse before I am enabled to congratulate
you and
myself upon the final triumph of our cause."
EXTRAORDINARY RESISTANCE TO BAILIPTS.--031
Thursday last, Mr. Flintoff, the messenger under a fiat of
bankruptcy issued against R. and M. Smith, went to Box-
endale, near Blackburn, print works, to take possession of
them, when he was met by a large body of the woltd
people, who stated that they had possession of the works'
given to them by Mr. R. Smith, and that they intended
to keep it if they lost their lives. Ihe messenger returned'
to Haslingden, and got some of the police there, who prod
ceeded with him to the works, but he was again repulsed,
On Friday, Mr. Turner, a magistrate, accompanied then,
to the works, and advised with the men on the illegality 0(
their proceedings. Another attempt was made-to obtain
possession by the messenger and others, preceded. by Mr.
Turner in his carriage ; but when they got near; a' large
number of workmen seized the horses in the chaise,-and
prevented it going further. They again refused to give uP
possession. Mr. Turner spoke to the men in a friendly
way, saying he understood that many of the workmen'
wanted a large amount of wages, and were in the greatest'
poverty,, for which he was very sorry, but said that prod
ceedings of this kind were likely, if persisted in, to ang-'
meat their misery, and desired them peaceably to give 111)
possession. of the. premises. Benjusain Crawshaw, a sort'
of leading man, was the spokesman, and stated that he
was much, obliged to Mr. Turner fer what he had said,-
and that if what he had stated was true, the workmen had
been badly advised. Mr. Turner asked who was their ad-
viser, but Crawshaw did not reply. On Monday a strong
body of polite went to Baxendale, accompanied by the
superintendents and Mr. Turner. They proceeded to the
works. The messenger went by himself first, and after a
short conversation the men agreed to give up possession,
and bailiffs were left on the premises. The messenger
then informed Mr. Turner, &c. that peaceable possession
had been given to him, when Mr. Turner went on to the
workpeople, and, having praised them for the resolution
they had come to; generously gave them five sovereigns to
alleviate their distress. The police were then withdrawn,
and shortly after all became as quiet as usual'. The lane
leading to the works was barricaded with dye vats, and a
passage which would admit one or two persons only left
open. Barricades were also erected round the works. It
appeared the men had some adviser in resisting the mes-
senger, and that the same party had withdrawn his advice
upon consideration. Some of the men had not-received
their wages for thirty weeks or more, and they were
pitied even by the messenger and his assistants. Posses-
sion has yet to be obtained of the bleaching works be-
longing to Messrs. Smith, in Oswaldtwistle.

REMARKS, OBSERVATIONS, & SUGGESTIONS
FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY,.
MADE DURING A VISIT TO BIRMINGHAM ON TIER 21ST
AND 22D DECEMBER, 1837.

I am now convinced in my presupposed opinion, that
the vibratory motion of the engine, and also of the train of
carriages, is not only detrimental to the speed, but also
tends very much to assist any trifling impediment on -the
rails to throw the engine and train off the line. This mo-
tion is caused by the weight Othe boiler and heavy appa-
ratus appertaining to the engine (and the same objection
is to be found with the carriages) being placed above the
axletrees, instead of being brought as close to the base as
possible, it being the centre of gravity vibrating from the,
base which causes this at all times disagreeable and fre-
quently highly-dangerous motion. To obviate this, k
should recommend, in regard to the engine, that the boiler
should be situated entirely beneath the working shaft, an&
that the cylinders, pistons, 84c. should be placed above ther
boiler, in a horizontal position. It will be evident from,
this arrangement of the machinery that the working
wheels, as they are technically called, or those wheels-
which are impelled by the direct communication of the'
connecting rod to the crank shaft affixed to them, may be'
considerably enlarged, say double the size they at present'
are, (viz., 5 feet,) with ease, or even more, but, for the'
sake of clearness, I shall say 10 feet. The following ad-
vantages would result from this arrangement :—ln the'
first place, in the old form of engine, that is to say the one
at present used, a wheel of 5 feet in diameter will pass
over, in one revolution, somewhere about 15 feet • this
engine can be made to travel, with difficulty, with a irain,
at 40 miles an hour, the friction above that rate becoming
so great that they find it impossible to exceed it. Now if
the wheels were 10 feet in diameter, in two strokes of th,e,
pistons the engine would pass over a space of nearly •5°
feet, or double that of the small wheel ;it is therefore .
dent that this description of engine will be able to travel'
at the rate of 80 miles an hour before the friction amounts
to the same as in the present form of engine travelling at
the rate of 40 miles an hour. • that
The only objection I can discover to this form is, ,
the undulating (not the vibrating) motion would be found
more disagreeable than on the old plan. In another par;,
of this sheet I shall endeavour to obviate this defect; btu'
it must not be overlooked that there will be no vibrator/,
motion at all, even at the great speed of 80 miles an hot
and that this engine will perform 80 miles an hour
__Dnon
the same facility, or even with greater, than the
The water tank on the tender Wu:lied-to the en_gt
ne
should also be placed beneath the axletrees, (the axletrees
;
of the tender of course,) and the body of the passenger'
cars should also be placed as much below the axletrees
as
possible, say to within 6 inches off the road or level of tl!!,
rail. The wheels of the passenger cars and tender should
be increased in size, say 5 feet for the minimum. It)!
very clear that the friction in such an engine, and with
such a train, will at least be much less, even if nothing-
else is gained, than in an engine, and with a train of pas'
senger cars, on the present construction.
The cause of the undulating motion in all railway en-
gines and carriages at present used—in applying the weed
undulating, I wish to express that motion which the ear"
riages and engine have from side to side of the road,st
least so far as the flanges on the wheels will permit Dting
digression from a perfectly true or straight course, —d -
in view, as a matter of necessity, the turns of the rea
is in consequence of the wheels being flanged on the inner.
side or tire of the wheel only, and thus causing the car..
riage, engine, or whatever wheeled conveyance it may
to be continually undulating, or the flanges of the wheel;
on one side the carriage acting at one moment on the rau,
it is in contact with, and at another the flanges oft
wheels on the opposite side acting on the other rail, gill
thus the motion is caused.
To obviate this, both sides of the wheels should be
flanged, both inner and outer,_ and the wheels to rest „,
the rails in the vacant space between ; this will entirel}" us
almost so, preclude' the friction which is so very ren...:.
and so very heavy a drawback on the form of wheel on
used with respect to the speed. The safety of the el
and carriages will likewisebe much enhanced, as the wheel"
being flanged on both sides,.will render it almost irapea'-
ble that the engine or train should run off the rails-.
Rock Ferry, 27th Maroh, 1848. C. J.. it'