The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1833-12-27 00:00:00

whilst his own feelings would induce him to be silent, his duty
as a magistrate and functionary implied on him the necessity
for speaking. He therefore required that the penalty inflicted
by the 223 d article of the penal code, on those who insulted the
judge or public 'officers, should be inflicted on Vignette.
Raspail.—l demand to be allowed to defend Vignerte.
Vignerte.—l do not wish to be defended. I protest against
making any defence. .
President.—Allow Raspail to speak.
Vign.erte.—No • I will not allow them to defend me before you.
Yogic are not the judges of the country. You are nothing more
• than valets! a mere handful of salaried mercenaries, paid by a
Ri_ng who is the usurper of the rights of the people.
Many of the accused shouted, "That's true, that's true!
Vignerte is right; we ought not to acknowledge such men as
you fur our judges "
Parfait, the repuplican poet, and one of the accused, ex-
cla....e.Al from thr;bigliest part of the tribune, " Vignerte has
told the truth. I declare that I thinit as he does."
M. Raspail.—We pray the court to have regard to the situa-
tion of Vignette. For some days past he has been arrested.
The expression of his sentiments has, it. is true, violated the
rules of the courts of justice; but the insult addressed by the
Avocet-General to the' fraction of the Society of the Rights of
Man to which he belongs, could not be listened to by him, as a
man of honour, with wag froid. Fathom condemning Vig,nerte
to any punishment, we demand of the court that it will ad-
monish the Avocat--General to be more circumspect, and only
to speak after or upou_documentary evidence.
M. Dupont.—l do not rise to defend M. Vionerte,, because
he will no: allow anyone to defend him; but I demand that no
judgraent. be pronounced until after the pleadings shall be ter-
iniaa.teil, because it is our intention to prove that all those
charges brought against the accused of ambition, love of pil-
lage, &c., are nothing but odious calumnies, and that. in all the
;Actions of the Society of the Rights of Man, the agrarian law
has been rejected.
M. Raseair added, that if the court should persist in pro-
nouncing judgment immediately, all the 27 accused demanded
to be condeeined also, as fully partaking the sentiments of
V ignerte.
M. Vigneite.—Quite the contrary. This affair concerns me
alone, and it ought not to fall on the prisoners. I declare that
they_ know nothing of this.
The judges then rosy to deliberate what course they should
take.

M. Raspail.—M. the President, I pray you to wait. I iutrea.t
you to delay the sentence.
The President.—Parfait, do you acknowledge that you said
just now—"Vignette is right. I think as he does?"
Parfait.—Yes.
M. Michel (a barrister.)—Such a confession is of no import-
ance. Perire volens non creditur.

Before the judges left the court, they again appeared to de-
liberate.

Daport.—l will make another effort. I pray the court to
defer its deliberations until after the pleadings shall be termi-
nated.

At the end of five minutes the court decided---lst. That Vig-
nerte had insulted the court. 2d. That Petit Jean had not In-
sulted the court publicly. 3d. That Parfait, as one of the ac-
cused, should not;-now be judged. And 4th. That 'Vignette
should be inafisisened_three years.
It would be vain to attempt to describe the situation of the
audience when this condemnation was. pronounced. All the
twenty-seven accused ruse up, and apostrophised the court in a
loud teue of voice, Most of them demanded that they might be
allowed to sharethe fate of Vignerte. Hisses, hurrahs, -whistlings,.
and all sorts of sounds, were then heard. The peace officers
endeavoured to restore silence, but in vain. At last
Vignerte exclaimed, "Adieu M. ie President! You kill be
highly applauded this evening.. They wilt shake you by the
hands for this!"

Vignerte has since been sent to the "Force," and if a state-
ment in the National of this morning be true, he is now the
associate of thieves and murderers in that receptacle of the
most vile and most abandoned.
On this scene, and on the state of feeling it indicates, I shall
make no observations. "Moral order" is, indeed, destroyed in
France, and it appears not likely to be very soon restored.
Yesterday the counsel for the accused were heard. To-day it
is expected that the summing up will take place, and then that
all will be acquitted.

THE MARQUIS OF LONDONDERRY AND THE
KEELMEN OF SUNDERLAND.

A deputation of the keelmen of Sunderland waited
upon the Marquis of Londonderry, at Wynyard Park,
on Monday last, and presented a memorial from their
body, on the subject of the prOposed changes in the
transit of his lordship's coals. His lordship was pleased
to receive the memorial with great courtesy, and inti-
mated that the subject should meet with due considera-
tion; and requested the deputation to wait upon him
on a future day, to receive his answer. The following
is a copy of the memorial :

"That your memorialists, the keelmen of Sunderland, many
of whom are in the employ of your lordship's coal-fitters, have
beard, with serious concern, that certain important changes,
in the transit of your lordship's coals from the collieries to the
place of shipment at Sunderland, are now in contemplation,
viz. the use of railways in the place of keel navigation. That
if such changes take place, they will supersede the labour of
your lordship's memorialists, and totally deprive them of em-
ployment. That many of your lordship's memorialists have fa-
milies depending on them for subsistence; and, if deprived
of their labour, they have no means whatever whereby they
can procure the necessaries indispensable to their subsistence.
That the parishes of Sunderland and the Wearnonths, to which
your lordship's memorialists chiefly belong, are already over-
burdened with the support of indigent
_poor' insomuch as to
preclude the possibility of their being afforded efficient relief;
and, consequently, their situation must be 'educed to misery
and starvation. Your lordship's memorialists most humbly
and most respectfully submit this statement of their situation
to your lordahiu's most humane consideration, hoping that your
lordship will be pleased to think favourably concerning them,
and order that their employment be continued."
In obedienCe to his lordship's request, the deputation
again waited on-. his lordship on .Thursday, when they
received his written reply ; from which the following ex-
tracts have been handed to us :
" Seaham Hall, Dec. 19, 1833.
"The Marquis of Londonderry has received the memorial of
the keelmen of Sunderland. He extremely- regrets the de•
pressed state of the coal trade. The new speculations, and the
projected railway, place him in a position in which he is un-
able to compete with his powerful neighbours without adopting
the same system, and acting upon the same plans that they
have introduced into the coal districts. While Lord London-
derry deeply deplores the depression of employment, and the
distress the keelmen may sustain by the loss of his shipments
by keels, he must remind them that he has been the last to
abandon them. The keelmen must know that the cry of the
present age is reform. Nothing stands still; the country would
have it so; old usages are put aside; joint-stock companies in
coal speculations and in railroads ride over the counties of
Durham and Northumberland. The old proprietors and old
collieries would stand still and be ruined, if they did not follow
these liberal projectors with their liberal plans, which a liberal
Parliament pass with a truly liberal devotion. How Lord Lon-
donderry, therefore, can resist such a tide, which would end in
the loss of his property and position, he leaves to the fairness
and justice of the keelmen to determine. If any mode can be
pointed out to Lord Londonderry by which lie could mitigate
the deprivations which will fall on the keelmen and their fa-
rallies, he would be glad to adopt it ; but they will surely see
that, having completed- his harbour at Seaham, his shipping
coals by keel now on the Wear is totally impossible."

EXPORT OF COALS.—The amount of the value of the coals ex-
ported in the year ended sth January, 1833, was only £28,000
more than in the preceding year; notwithstanding the expecta-
tions formed of double export by the reduction of the duty.
A very numerous and distinguished party is expected at
Burghley House, to participate in the hospitalities of the
Marq:ais of Exeter, who has invited the Dukes of Wellington
and Rutland, Earl Brownlow, &c., to enjoy a day or two's
shooting over his preserves, where the game is most abundant.
Lord and Lady Exeter have given up their town residence to
reside almostivholly at their magnificent chateau in Lincoln-
k.)t.e.. When they come to London they remain at an hotel.

At thy end of f.ia,rresent month the Marquis Camden, as
Teller of the Exchequei,- brnugh hii deputy, Francis Gore,
E.q., pays over to the publieservice the emoluments of his lu-
crative oiftce frtr thn present Year, after dedoc,ing the expenses
:;#.....te noble marquis has done since the
.
into the
in,tior, made
by Itisi;Cl evey n y years ago for an inquiry
tl..x;o!itul..o*fri=l-, lordships sinecure

The fate, -4-I,oritand Lad), Grantley have been put into
mourning cb•ath el her 4td*Ship's mnther, Lady Beechey
(wife of S.;.'"Williaor Bt7eche),) A. 1,0 expi:-c(1 last week, in Har-
ley_stre*t.. The present Lord C,ratttley not having any issue,
the It•rfinY of GrantlE,v," of Markinfleld, mil, in default,descend
1...0„,tue Honourable Cleofwe Chapple Norton, his next brother,
who married the beateiful ..,11(1 accomplished grand-daughter of
the late itight,Hun. Richard Brinsley Sheridan.

411-•ter of the Castilians throughout the war of suc-
cession In tipain,-17YZ'veas-most charaeteristic.. Every pea,liktit
procured a tirelock or pike; no soldier of the allied army, then
in possessiqn of the greatest pact, including nearly all the foqi-
fied places- and large towns of the country, could wander a
hundred yards from the main body of the army without the
most imminent risk of being poniarded. "The day before yes-
terday,"says the Princess Orsini, in a letter written at this time,
"the Priest 'of a village, which contains only one hundred and
-twenty houses, brought one hundred and twenty pistoles to the
Queen. Alpilock,' said he, 'are ashamed to send you so little ;
but they beg you to believe that in this purse there are one hun-
dred hearts faithful even to the death!' The good man wept
as he spoke, and indeed we wept ton. Yesterday another small
village, iu voiich there are only twenty houses, sent us fifty pis-
toles."
INTERESTING TO THOSE wno HAVE A MIND FOR A. CnsN-
cuar Sul-F.—About five years ago a
- large quantity of oak, ash •
and elm timber was felled at sunningwell and neighbouring
parishes, when an injunction was obtained from the Court of
Chancery to prevent its being removed till the right in the pro-
perty was decided by the Chancellor. We observe that 335 of
these trees are at length advertised for sale • and it is reported,
upon respectable authority', that not less
loads of the original quantity nave dissappeared.—Orford Jour-
nal. , a

ANCIENT NAVY OF ENGLAND.--In the reign of Queen Eliza-
beth the salary or fee of the Lord High Admiral was £133 6s. Bd.
per annum. -The treasurer of the navy had £220 13s. 4d., in-
cluding the salary of two clerks at Bd. per day, and £8 for boat
hire. The master shipwright had 12d per day; the master ship-
wrights £33 6s. 81. The office of storekeeper at Woolwich had
a salary of £3O. The clerk of the cheque at Chatham had £5O
per annum; for extraordinary services, £43 6s. 81; and for
pens, ink, paper, and his travelling► expenses to London to de-
liver his books to the treasurer -and other officers, £6 13,. 4d ;
total, £lOO. The clerk of the cheque at Woolwich had a shil-
ling a day; at Deptford, £3O per annum ; at Portsmouth, £4O
and ls. 81. per annum for stationery. The surveyor of the
navy had £146 6s. 5d., out of which he paid his two clerks Bd. a
day each. The boatswain of a first rate had £29 6s. 7d. per
annum. A purser of the same, £266. -Is. sd. The gunners,
who made a profit by stealing the ship's powder, and the purser,
by stealing the crew's provisions, seem to have bad the best
posts. he quantities of powder used at sea were enormous; a
cannon royal or 66-pounder was loaded with 301 b. of powder.'
A demi-cannon, which never answered to a tnoderu 32 pounder,
was loaded with 18 pounds ! This was perhaps owing to the
foolish idea, that the more powder the more execution done.
This prejudice still exists. It is in vain that our excellent ar-
tillery at this moment, from repeated experiments, show that
one-fourth the weight of the shot is much more effective than
the established charge of one-third, which last is amply sufficient
for a battering gun. Jack still crams his full allowance with
his two or -three balls. What saving might be made on this
head.' Half the powder used by Sir Francis Drake against the
armada would•have sufficed. Iret with all their crudities and
scanty pay it may be doubted if more glorious exploits (consi-
dering their disauvantag,es, and the youth of the science of na-
vigation) have-been since achieved.—Plymouth Journal.