The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-09-22 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Dom CommITTKE, THUKsDAY.—There were present
Mr. Shawl, the chairman, and nine other nannbers. A
proposition to appoint two gatekeepers to the Albert Dock,
at 21s. a week, and a messenger, at Iffs.. was agreed to.
It was recommended and agreed to that the Coburg Dock
sheds be worked in the same manner as those at the west
of the Prince's Dock. A letter was read from Messrs.
Gibbs, Bright, and Co., stating that such an arrangement

Great Western, and reqnrestinz the matter to be further
considered. It was finally agreed to afford these vessels
as much accommodation as possible. Mr. Mann enquired
whether the Dock Estate was liable for damage occa-
sioned by the negligence' of their servants, as the
warehouse owners were, especially as regarded goods at
Albert Dock. The Secretary showed, by the Act of
Parliament, that the estate was equally as liable as ware-
house keepers. With reference to the Albert Dock, it
was stated that the manifestoes of ships' Cargoes should
he lodged at the Dock Office. A letter from Mr. Green,
shipbuilder, was read, complaining of the conduct of the
Dock Surveyor, in reference to the removal of some boilers
at the Clarence Basin. It was written in very offensive
terms against Mr. Hartley, who said he knew nothing of
the complainant, or the circumstance alluded to, and the
committee took no notice of the letter, being opposed to
the spirit on which it was written. A scale of rates for
the Albert Dock was received from Mr. Robinson, but their
consideration was deferred. An application was made to
stow 3000 bags of saltpetre in the Albert Warehouses.and
it was decided that they could not be admited. There
Was no other business of importance, and the meeting
adjourned.

FIRE ESCAPE.—On Saturday, several experiments were
made on 'Change and the streets in the neighbourhood, of
the vet y ingenious fire escape, invented by Mr. A. Wivell,
of Edgebaston, Birmingham, for which he has been
awarded the siver medal of the Royal Society. The ex-
periments were made in the presence of Mr. James Law-
rence, Lieut. Maxwell, R.N., the Fire Committee, and a
large number of gentlemen. The Fire Committee were so
well satisfied with the escape that they purchased it for
£7O. The principle of the invention is simple, but very
ingenious and efficient for the object intended. It con-
sists of a series of ladders mounted on springs and wheels,
so as to admit of speedy conveyance to the spot where its
service may be required. These ladders are so arranged
as to adapt themselves to the elevation of second, third,
or fourth story windows, so that the inmates of a burning
house may descend themselves or be carried down the
ladder, or get into the mouth of a long tube made of
strong canvas and surrounded by net work, and slide down
the interior of the tube to the ground with the greatest
ease and safety. During the progress of the experiments,
scores of boys and men got into the tube from a height of
upwards of thirty feet, and descended much to their own
amusement and that of the spectators. Another and very
essential service to which the invention is adapted is that
of enabling a fireman to ascend the ladders to the height
of fully or fifty feet, carrying the hose cf the engine to
the top with him, and from that height pour in the water
from the engine upon the precise spot where the fire is
raging. By an excellent system of leverage, the ladders
can be supported without leaning against the walls, and
can be wheeled with the greatest ease close to, or to any
required distance from, the burning building. thus giving
the engineman the power of adapting himself to any exi-
gency. Another great merit consists in a total absence of
all complexity 'and difficulty of arrangement, so that a
delay of five minutes need not take place in preparation.

THE DEATH OF IRE BISHOP OF ST. ASAPH.—THE
BISHOPRIC OF MANCHESTER —The death of the Bishop
of St. Asaph, who died on Sunday week, in his 77th
year, renders it necessary for the government to take
some immediate steps to supply the vacancy, either by a
new appointment, or the uniting of the two sees of St.
Asaph and Bangor, as recommended by the ecclesiastical
commissioners. It appears, by the act of 1836, together
with the order of council of 1831, Manchester is erected
into a b,shopric, which will consist of the whole of Lan-
cashire (now in the diocese of Chester), with the exception
of the deanery of Furness and Cartmel. The new diocese
will be in the province of York. and the warden and fel-
lows of the Collegiate Church, of Manchester, are con-
stituted dean and chapter. The annual income is fixed at
£4,500. Should Dr. Bethel!, the present Bishop of Ban-
gor, refuge to accept the united see of Bangor and St.
Asaph, a question will arise (and he cannot be compelled
to accept it) as to the power of appointing to Manchester,
no provision having been made for such a contingency by
the act or the order in Council. Should he accept or it,
his income will be increased by £736 per annum. The
ems. annual receipts of St. Asaph are £7.118; of Bangor
£5,979 ; making together £9,968. After paying the income
of the united see, there will be an available surplus of
£4.163, the proposed income of the united see being fixed
at £5.200. A rood deal of speculation is afloat amongst

ecclesiastical and other circles, as to who will be the first
bishop of the proposed see of Manchester, provided an
arrangement can be made to unite Bangor and St. Asaph.
It is said that it may be offered to the Bishop of Chester,
who has the option of reducing his present see, or of ac-
cepting of the proposed new one. Should he decline the
latter, which is said to be likely, rumour points to the
Rev. Thomas Dale, B. D. , Canon of St. Paul's and Vicar
of St. Bride's, London. In some quarters, it is the Opi-
nion that no immediate change will take place. The pro-
ceeding indeed wi:l be contingent upon the acceptance of
the united Welsh sees by Dr. Bethel'. Another re.ent
romdur in London was, that the Rev. Mr. Villiers, rector
of St. George's, Bloomsbury, was
_likely to be the new
bishop.
_ _

M ti. Ronsobr's CONCERT.—It will be seen on reference
to our advertis'ng columns that this long expected musical
treat for the inhabitants of Cheshire is finally fixed for
this (Tuesday) evening. the 221 instant, at the Craven
Rooms, Birkenhead. Mr. Robson's abilities are so well
known amongst his friends, that it is altogether unneces-

eulogy ; but to those who have not had an opportunity of
hearing him, we may observe that his attainments are well
worthy of public patronage, and should not be overlooked
by those who haye it in their power to acknowledge and
encourage aspiring talent. We are glad to perceive that
Mr. Robson has judiciou'ly secured the services of our
young and highly-accomplished townswoman, Miss Anne
Romer. The more we see and hear of this lady, the more

are we convinced that she is destined to follow in the
footsteps of that glorious phalanx of vocalists, who have
already obtained for themselves an imperishable niche in
the gallery of fame. In the very name of Romer there is
a charm which reminds us of the presiding spirits of
Drury-lane and Covent-garden. On the bare mention of
it, we half fancy we can hear the critical applause which
in those great temples of the drama stamp the artiste with
the true impress of geniu, ; and we rejoice in the as- urance,
that Miss Anne Romer, instead of degenerating the credit
of the name that has already won golden opinions, will
only increase its popularity, and give it a surer title to

„
relied on as a guarantee for public achievements. but in
this instance it is morally impossible that the mind can
fail on the boards of the stage, when in private, and the
drawing-room, it has excited the ardent admiration of
those who are in every sense of the-word eminently quali-
fied to form a sound judgment. In the most difficult
portions of the opera she is truthful and expressive, and
real•zts all the intensity of the author's conception, without
either straining at effect or departing from those rules
which gave an air of reality to what is done. Her intona-
tion is more than pleasing, and with the exquisite taste
which, whether in ballad or scena, tempers her execution
shows to a demonstration that she possesses the genuine
inspiration of her art. She has everything to recommend
her—youth. personal appearance, accomplishments, and
talent ; and we shall be greatly disappointed if, in a short
time, she does not take a position in the musical world,
few of our local professors may hope ever to attain. In
addition to Miss Anne Romer, Mr. Robson has engagod
the services of Mr. Ryalls, Mr. Hornby, and Mr Joseph
Robinson. Mr. Percival will perform a solo on the flute,
and Mr. W. Phillips on the cornet-a-piston. The bene-

ficiare himself plays brilliant variations on a theme from
" La Violette," by Herz. on the piano-forte.—Chronicle.

FREE TRADE PROSPECTS

(From the Halifax Guardian.)

The Manelinter Guardian, on Saturday, prepared the
minds of the factory operatives of that neighbourhood for
a similar event, by an article, the lugubriousness of which

demands a passing notice
observes

That Free

Trade editor

" Experience has taught us that there is no branch of
industry which so rapidly sympathises with the reduced
condition of the public, in any part of this country, or
even the world at large, as that carried on in this imme-
diate neighbourhood. Defective crops, which darken the
prospects and blight the hopes of the husbandman, and
high prices, which absorb the whole of the labourer's
reduced pittance when employment is scarce, make in-
roals upon the demand for articles of clothing and
manufactures, which vibrate from the most distant ex-
tremities of consumption in this centre of supply."
And the prospect for the coming year is therefore
1 I painted in dark colours :

a to those at home

CORR ,SPONDENCI

ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF SOMI
PARTS OF LIVERPOOL.

in the Austrian capital. has bee,' recorded by various members

are some of the chief cauies of every form of typhus."—Trans
Prot. Died and Surg. Association. Vol. 2, New Series, p. 49.

" Parish of Liverpool.

" NOTICE To THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
"The Workhouse Committee do heresy give notice, that, in
consequence of the overcr wded state of the Fever Hospital, it
is absolutely necessary to discontinue the admission of fever pa-
tiects to the hospital or the present, and tot some time to con-
fine such admissions to urgent cases only ; a id they have fur.
titer to reouest that Medical Gentlemen desirous of sending

fever cases will first communicate with the Governor vf the
Workhouse al to the ex sting accommodation for such patients.
" By order of the Workhouse Committe.
F.S HAUT,e Vestry-clerk.

" Parish-offices, 3d September, 1816,

LE ITE R XV.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

CLOACINA PAR EXCELLENCE

Mr. a surgeon, has kindly furnished me with the
following facts :—A family, residing in a recently-erected
house, (having been occupied previously for perhaps a
year,) found an altering state of health ever since their
entering. About a month or five weeks after having en-
tered, one'parent had symptoms of a feverish disorder
which did not completely preclude her going about house-
hold engagements. Then a child fell ill, and Mr.
wag sent for to the child; be found both child and parent
suffering with a group of symptoms common to both—
these were those of a low fever and an eruption on the
lower limbs, which. in a day or two, also appeared on the
arms. The same thing occurred in the parent. The form
of emption was peculiar, and it is sufficient here to say
that it was not anything resembling the spots of typhus.
or what has been termed by medical rneu " maculated "
The markings were not in the usual quarter, were consti-
tuted by a slight irregular raising of the akin, with a red-
dened areola of perhaps two inches in length and one inch
broad, accompanied with pain or soreness on passing the
finger over it ; sometimes they were isolated, in other in-
stances aggregated or passing into each other.
It is needful to guard against their being mistaken for
the fugacious attacks of insects ! To pu this beyond doubt,
I may add Mr. ,avi one of them slowly and spontane-
ously arise whilst he happened to be seated beside the lit-
tle patent. He inquired thereupon whether there was
any sense of pain. or stinging, or itching, whilst it was
forming. The reply was in the negative. This, then, re-
moves the form of eruption from the category of stings or
bites. Again it remained a permanent eruption which
further removes it from the envenomed class. The colour
varied from a brown to a red or a bright purplish hue,
ending in a dusky mark. The limbs on which this erup-
tion showed itself were invariably swollen at the time,
and continued to be so. The marks came out in succes-
sive crops throughout the lapse of six or seven days.
There were peculiar pains in the limbs, seemingly of ra-
ther a rheumatic character, all which symptoms associated
with the general low febrile attack render these cases re-
markable as instances, in my own belief and that of the
ere-witness, of direct poisoning from animal matter. As
these cases were approaching convalescence, although
still confined to bed, a female servant was attacked with
the same feverish symptoms as they had at first, and she
complained of great tenderness in the calf of one leg, with a

swollen state of it. Convinced that stronger remed

be borne than he had at first ventured upon, one of the
patients being a child—he gave the servant strong purga-
tive medicines, which had the desired effect of preventing
the further development of the disease, and no eruption
appeared, which would otherwise be likely to appear.
Atter this the other parent was thireatened with the
same set of symptoms, the same means were efficacious.
These two last were slight forms; the itwo'former proved
tedious in convalescence, and the limbs remained for some
time after iminful and swollen. The question now arises
what could be the cause of such an attack ? The parties
resident in a decent street comparatively, all attacked one
after another, living under the same roof. This infers a
local cause, and on exprnination, what but the questions
of dra;nage and sewerage of the house should be interro-
gated ? The profession does not now pass over these
causes so fertile of disease as it once used to do
Mr

- very properly investigated and found (not

" to nis astonishment," as formerly- the expression would
have run,) that as to sewerage and drainage, there were

that, therefore, all the varied refuse was retained about the
premises under the especial guardianship of Cloacina
herself.

The ash-pit was of a great depth, and closely adjoined
the house, the wall of which only separated it. Down
among the foundations its receiver-general must have
ranged itself : for its capacity was so estimated, the
landlord told them, as to req,iire emptying only once a
year. No doubt a high recommendation now that the
night soil men have conspired to make exorbitant claims.
The following little plan will enable the reader to com-
prehend the economical beauties thereof ;
The basement story, bas its back parlour close to the
wall of the ash-pit, the window opens close to it as well ;
the yard floor is level with the floor of this parlour. Now
let us descend to the sub-basement, and here we find the
back kitchen unable to he used from dampness of the floor
and sides—a dampness which fires would never improve;
not even during all this late fine weather, the wall conti-
guous to the ash-pit the most damp. The atmosphere in
these two apartments is sometimes so offensive they can-
not tell how to bear it, and it even frequently pervaded

Now- mark the

way in which the ash-pit was made to invade the sancti-
ties of the house. The floor of the midden goes down
lower than the floor of this back kitchen, and from being
always full of water, this water must for several feet rest

against the outer wall of the, back kitchen ; and if the
range of the ash• pit itself does not go exactly under the
kitchen floor, yet the oozing from the sides certainly
keeps that floor constantly damp and unhealthy.
A duplicate copy of this precious house arrangement
exists in correspondence—so as for yard to answer yard, &c.
I have brought forward this instance as affording a good
and very recent proof of the operation of those noxious
causes of fever with• which Liverpool Proper abounds.
There can be no longer now any question raised as to
the direct causality of febrile forms of disease amongst us.
The public are now daily growing better acquainted with
those general statements or propositions of medical
science which the profession has latterly been laying down,
and which it interests the public as well as the profession
to know, that they may give a hearty co-operation to ali
those newly devised sanitary measures which have the well
being of all classes of the community for their grand aim.
There is only one class capable of suffering under a well
carried out sanitary police—and I know that class will
content itself as a body to have it so—and the public,

doubtless, pays them the high compliment of believing
that in their bosoms there burns the pure flame of de-
votion to the common-weal as far transcending croft-weal.
One of these general laws or proposition-, then, is—
that decompositions of organic matter, whether vegetable
or animal, or both mixed, liberate certain noxious g ses,
which develope fevers of various kinds in man, when ex-
posed for a continuance to their poisonous agency, or
perhaps a few moments of time are sufficient to produce
these effects where the poison is highly concentrated.
Thus most men know that ague is the interrupted form of
fever, or intermittent type, resulting from vegetable de-
composition, as the fenny districts illustrate on a large
scale. This may be taken as a specimen of the concen-
trated vegetable poison. or miasm. When less concen-
trated, the poison may still impress an unfavourable fea-
ture upon other existing forms of disease—retarding con-
valescence. for example, or acting insidiously upon ordi-
nary health.
But when the facts of the poisonous effluvia from
animal matter bye to be considered, here we have a
ground to tread upon which only the best informed of the
public have any correspondingly accurate ideas about.
H ence the dangers from ignorance about these poisons with
which an overcrowding vpulation is prone to surround

_ . .
itself of; and hence I shall be excused in discussing, for a
line or two, so all-important a matter.

The effluvia from animal matters in states of decompo-
sition, when highly concentrated and under exposure to
certain heat, is capable of producing the most deadly
form of fever, viz., the plague. Extremes of beat and
cold are alike unfavourable to plague ; probably, because
the chemical changes are either too rapidly operated, or
suspend' 't► Thus - ' brated plague coun-

-ed altogether. _ _oe
tries are periodically exempted from the r. _
direst form of fever. This form, then, is the severest
'ffect of the poisoning agency—except, indeed, in those
instances where death takes place instantaneously, from
the sudden exposure to the concentrated results of animal
decomposition. (Serpenz poisons, &c., &c., are not in-
cluded in the category, their operation is vital.) We
have numerous proofs of these occurrences given in evi-
dence on the inquiry into the condition of large towns,
taken before the cornrni-siooers, and in Wallet's Ga-

lect of I
The d

of sewers and stinks

dotneitic iites

—that I have to do

-ul neg-

seases springing therefrom have so marked a
)ressed, that it is impossible for the well in-

feature im

formed medical man to mistake them; and his duty it be-
enme. to inform his neighbours around him, in order

1 remain, Sir, yours, truly.
- GEd. C. WATSON, 111. D

Bedford-

LIVERPOOL CHURCH BUILDING SOCIETY

TO TIE

Eturon OF THE STANDARD.

Slit-11A toe contrib

ri of these societies as recom-

e usually

rate beneficially I have not the least doubt
find in chemistry that the concentrated essence of any
substance acts moie powerfully than if diffused : the si-
mile may be applied to the case in questi n. As we may
most probably look forward to a progressive increase c
Liverpool, it might be expedient to make the society per
manent, and to orov

Jr. the purpose

aforesaid, according to the wants and requirements of the
labouring class of the population. _

Liverpool, IGth September, 1846

LAICUS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SIR,—I believe in Dublin and other large cities and

towns, individuals committing offences aeainst public
decency in the streets or thoroughfare, are taken into
custody and severely dealt with. How many offend in
this manner in Liverpool, and how innumerable are the
nuisances of which our vigilant police do not take any
cognizance, I will refer to yourself, or any of your readers,
to determine? Perhrips it may be requisite to provide
proper conveniences at stated distances throughout the
town; and if, after this being done, any person attempts
to transgress, I should have him summarily dealt with
according to law.—Your obedient servant,

Liverpool, 19th Sept., 1846,
--410.-

VIGILANS

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

and am much annoyed by a set of young
men who call themselves gentlemen, but who by their
conduct have lost all claim to that title. They are in the

Grove.st reet

and my neighbours by imitating the cries of varions
animals. There is one young man in particular, who is
conspicuous by wearing a vest of a particular pattern ; he
stands under my bedroom window, and sings various
disagreeable but popular melodies; while another calls
every week to inquire whether I have any apartments to
let. The young men have formed themselves into a kind
of club, and distinguish themselves by wearing vests of
the same pattern.
I have been advised by some friends to apply to Mr.
Rushton for protection; but I think that if you, by in-
serting this note, will make public their unmanly tricks,
they may be induced to reform in time.—l remain, sir,
yours obliged,

A DEFENCELESS FEMALE

To the EDITOR of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

Journal, to call attention to what I conceive to be a great
danger. and something, also, in the shape of a nuisance,
that exists in the town. I refer to the hurried and care-

cellar at closing time. On Thursday evening, as I was
passing along Lord-street, I saw a lady knocked down by
one, and severely injured. If you were to bring your
Power and influence to bear upon this point a little, I
douht not that the evil might be remedied.—l am, Sir,
your obedient servant,

ANTHROPOS

Liverpool, Sept. 19, 1846

HUGH M`NEILE, DOUGLAS JERROLD, AND

RICHARD COBDEN

TO THE EDITOR. OF THE WORCESTERSHIRE GUARDIAN

Sits,—As your contemporary the Chronicle, with that
blind, infuriated bigotry, which has characterised turn
from the commencement of his career, has tin

it fit to

you will perhaps give insertion to the following lines in
exculpation of hitn :

Mr. M'Neile publishes a sermon. entitled, " Every eye
shall see him," or " Prince Albert's visit to Liverpool in
illustration of the second coming of Christ." Douglas
Jerrold lays hold of this title, and in a tissue of blasphe-
mies pretends to prove Mr. M'Neile guilty of blasphemy,
because he takes advantage of a striking local occurrence
to illustrate the second coming of the Saviour. When
George the Fourth visited Scotland, an old woman was
said to have exclaimed, " Gude guide us ! If this be the
coming of an earthly king, what will the coming of the
King of kings be ?" But I never heard that this simple-
minded peasant was accused of blasphemy or irreverence,
and why should Mr. M'Neile be so?
No ! The ire of this democratic scribe is kindled by a
single sentence, incidentally brought in, in which lie detects
what he calls " that cut away and tarnished thing—tbe
Divine right ;" and he chooses to take it for granted that
Mr. M'Neile's object is to court Prince Albert by likening
him to the King of kings, instead of merely using Prince
Albert's coining, to turn the thoughts to that most stu-
pendous of all events, the second coming of the Son of
Man. Did Mr. Douglas Jerrold never read, " By Me
kings reign, and princes dwee judgment." "The powers

that he are ordained of God ?" And is he ignora
Mr. M'Neile has only used a mode of illu,tration
his- Divin

nobleman went into a far country,

to receive for hims.e

om and
....;h.

to return

what respect does t

reference to common usages and occurrences differ from
Mr. M'Neile's ? Only th'nk, fur instance, of the bad
taste and impiety of illu,trating eo grand an object rls the
Saviour's first coming to seek and to save that which wa
,st, by such a degre 'v similitude as f' «an o'

,n o,
woman losing a sixpenny piece, lighting a farthin

sweeping the

i t.! Salvator and a sixpenny-piece !*
Sir ; there is nothing we may not turn into ridicule, if
it suits our purpose, ar.d therefore ridicule is of all wea-
pons the most contemptible. Bat Mr. Douglas Jerrold's
rhetoric is truly of that stile which is calculated " ad

'caplandum vulgus I"

In the same number in which Mr. M'Neile is thus at.
tempted to be held up to scorn. Richard Cobden is lauded
as the Man of the Age. Yet what are the comparative
merits of the two? The one has propounded a question.
able nostrum for procuring a better supply of "the meat
that peri. heti) ;" the other labours to recommend to the
acceptance of perishing multitudes " the bread of God

the world." The one has succeeded in getting his views
adopted by the multitude, the other has not; the one is
rewarded with a national testimonial, the other is left to
the testimony of a good conscience. We need not go
farther for illustration of those two texts of scripture,
" When thou doest well unto thyself, all men will speak
well of dreg ;" and, " If ye were of the world, the world
would love its own."

" In that day," when the second coming of the Son of
Man shall indef d take place (and he has said, "Behold I
come quickly !"), the state of things will he changed.
" Then shall ye return and discern between the righteous
and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him
that serveth him not." VIGILANTIUS.

Mr. M`Neile has published a third edition of the ser-
mon, (which, instead of being the " most melancholy,
most wretched, and most &grading composition," which
Douglas Jerrold proclaims it to be, is'one of those sound,
judicious, and masterly expositions of scripture, which
form the staple of Mr. M`Neile's ministrations to his
own congregation,) to which he has prefixed an introduc-
tion, wherein he defends himself against his Tractarian and
Nothingarian critics, and your readers cannot do better

a gentle hint to break the windows of his respectable pub-
lishers, Messrs. Hatchard, Piceadilk
* The Saviour and Saxe Goth'

MISS WHITNALL'S CONCERT,

The concerts given by this accomplished lady are always
looked forward to by the lovers of music with an anxious

expectation of excellence

which Las never as yet

in the talent engaged and the excellent spirit with which
it was put forth to delight the audience, but in the dispo-
sition of all present to be ',leased. Moreover, we never
heard any of the great artistes present in finer voice. e
need not say that the house was most fashionably filled ;
and the arrangements for the company, under the able
superintendence of Mr. Cooke, of the Theatie Royal,