The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-02-29 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

THE

Revolution in France.

in our last paper we stated that the King of the French
had, in his speech at the opening of the Chambers a few
weeks ago, condemned the Reform Banquets ; that great
excitement prevailed in the house during the debate on
that question ; but that the offensive passage in the speech
was approved of by a majority of 43.
The opposition, stung by defeat, afterwards published
a manifesto, declaring that the recent ministerial address
was a flagrant violation of the rights of the deputies, and
the principles of the constitution. They also declared
their determination to hold a reform meeting in Paris,
and it was said that the National Guards (12 legions) had
given in their adhesion to the opposition party. The
avowed object of the movement was parliamentary reform.
Yesterday week the government resolved to prevent the
reform banquet by military force. A proclamation was
issued prohibiting all assemblies, and these, when posted
on the walls, were torn down by the populace. The
committee of the banquet published a manifesto renoun-
cing the meeting, recommending at the same time order
and submission. Meanwhile the opposition deputies an-
nounced their intention of impeaching the cabinet on
Tuesday. To the document in which this determination
was expressed, thirty deputies immediately affixed their
signatures. When these facts became known, the great-
est excitement prevailed. Multitudes collected in the
streets, and the conduct of ministers was loudly depre-
cated.

During the whole of Monday night, military waggons
and artillery caissons rolled constantly from Vincennes to
the barracks in Paris. Troops were collected by the go-
vernment to the number of 100,000 men, adequate, if
faithful, to suppress any insurrection. The popularity of
M. Odillon Barrot (a deputy) became somewhat on the
wane.

On Tuesday, at noon, 30,000 persons assembled round
the Chambers, which they proceeded to attack. The ap-
proaches were entirely closed, except for deputies. The
populace were frequently charged during the day by ca-
valry. An attack was made upon the Hotel of Foreign
Affairs, and the windows were broken. An attempt to
force the gates was repulsed by the troops. Throughout
the principal thoroughfares the lamps were entirely bro-
ken. Odillon Barrot proceeded at four o'clock, to lay an
impeachment of the cabinet ministers before the Cham-
ber of Deputies. The rising was general throughout
Paris. The rappel was beaten throughout all Paris to
call out the N.tin.,l Grimylc. The shoes of several gun-
smiths and armourers were pillaged. Barricades were ob-
viously preparing in several districts. The funds, how-
ever, did not decline.
At five o'clock, the Hotel of Foreign Affairs was filled
with troops, the mob shouting in every direction, "A bas
Guizot ! La tete de Guizot 1" Several cavalry were
wounded, and sub-officers killed. The mob paraded the
city singing the " Marsellaise." The Rue de Rivoli was
unpaved ; the omnibuses were overturned, and all public
conveyances were stopped. Several skirmishes took place
between the people and the military, but without much
injury to either. Each company of infantry carried, be-
sides their usual arms, a collection of implements for cut-
ting down barricades, such as hatchets, pickaxes, adzes,
&c.

Mole was first named as minister, but rejected by the
people. Thiers and Barrot was next named, but were re-
jected.

- The Chamber met on Thursday, but the populace over-
powered the majority. A republic on the model of that
of the United States is proposed. The throne in use by
Louis Philippe was taken from the Tuileries, and carried
in procession through the streets of Paris. The palace was
pillaged.
At noon same day a formal proclamation was posted, to
tho following effect :
Citizens of Paris !—You are ordered to discontinue
firing. Thiers and Barrot are charged with the formation
of a cabinet. A dissolution of the Chambers will take
place, and an appeal be made to the country.
General Lamoriciere is appointed commander of the
national guard.
During the morning, until eleven o'clock in the fore-
noon, the same bodies of troops,—infantry. cavalry. and
artillery,—which during the night had occupied the chief
posts throughout the city, still held them. An order then
came from the authorities, in consequence of which they
reversed their arms, the trumpets sounded a retreat, and
they marched to their respective quarters, amidst the en-
thusiastic acclamations of the populace.

The universities were left in charge of a few of the na-
tional guards. The city otherwise,surrendered to the will
of the populace. The people were actively employed in
constructing barricades.
The third edition of the Standard of Friday evening
says,—" Passing through the Place de la Concorde to-
wards Neuilly, the Duchess of Orleans went with her son
to the Chambers, dressed in deep mourning, to place her-
self and her son under the protection of the deputies.
The chamber has declared itself en permanence, and has
refused to allow the family of Louis Philippe to resign.
The appearance of Paris is frightful. The people have
vented their fury on the balustrades of the Rue Basse du
Rempart, opposite Guizot's, and threatened to destroy the
street on account of the blood spilled there last night.
The hotel is turned into an ambulance for the wounded ;
the people, dipping their fingers in their blood, have writ-
ten along the walls, " Mons. Guizot's." There are bar-
ricades all along the Baulevards, mostly unfinished, as the
battle was over in an hour and a-half.

A further despatch states, that the populace held pos-
session of the Tuileries, and thus continues :—" They are
throwing the furniture out of the windows, and burning
it. The .number of killed is upwards of five hundred ;
principally in the neighbourhood of the Palais Royal, and
between that and the Tuileries. It is said that General
Lamoriciere is killed, or at least wounded. The people
have penetrated into the cellars of the Tuileries, and are
distributing the wine." The Bourse was closed. It was
stated, that if the provisional government be accepted, ef-
forts would be made to support the Duchess of Orleans.
On Thursday, Louis Philippe and his family fled from
Paris, and before leaving, Louis Philippe signed his abdi-
cation. This document is said, by a gentleman who has
seen it, to be brief, and to be couched in some such words
as these :—" The Crown which I received from the
French nation I abdicate to the French nation in the
name of my grandson."

All the PeOple are crying " Vive la Republique!"
PROCLAMATION OF A REPUBLIC.
Paris, Friday, 9 a.tn.
A Republic has been proclaimed. The King and his
family are gone to Eu.
The Provisional Government already appointed has
been confirmed. The following Ministers :—Dupont de
l'Eure, President ; Lamartine, Foreign Affairs ; Arrago,
Marine ; Ledru Rollin, Interior ; Marie, Public Works,
Carnot, Public Instruction ; Bethmont, Commerce ; La-
morciere, War ; Gartner Pages, confirmed Mayor of Paris ;
Cavignac, Governor of Algiers : Decourtrias, Command-
ant of the National Guard.

All communication by railway and diligence suspended.
The station of the Northern Railway has been burnt. It
is impossible to get out of Paris by that line. All is tran-
quil in the quarter of the Tuilleries.
[Through the kind attention of our contemporary the
Albion, we have been furnished with the following late
intelligence, which was published in the Times Extra-
ordinary of Sunday.] :
Our Paris letters of Friday evening continue briefly the
narrative of events passing in the metropolis of France.
" I announced to you this morning," says our corres.
pondent, " the surrender of the Fortress of V,ncennes to
the people. I ought to have said that the garrison has
declared for the Republic. Since then the Military
School and, I believe, all the other depiits of artillery,
army, and ammunition have equally been occupied by the
people. The detached forts will all hare been taken
possession of in the course of the day.

" You will readily believe that all is agitation and ex-
citement here. There is not the slightest tendency to ill-
humour visible. The streets are filled literally with the
inhabitants of Paris and its vicinity, who proceed to visit
the various points at which occurred one or other of the
memorable events of the last three days.

" The Chateau of the Tuileriesis naturally the principal
object of atraction. Much of the furniture has been re-
moved or destroyed, but little or no plunder was perpe-
trated. In this respect the people of 1848 have worthily
imitated the conduct of the men of July, 1830. All who
presented themselves yesterday were allowed to view and
visit the palace; and on leaving all were searched, and de-
prived of every thing that they might have been tempted
to purloin for souvenirs. One man, caught in the fact of
plundering, was shot instantly ; two others were found
dead drunk in the cellars.

" Than this nothing more honourable for the national
character could be adduced. Throughout the whole of
the troubles of France, and the series of sufferings in-
flicted on them by distress, pillage of private residences
has never been committed. War to the Chateau' was
proclaimed and acted upon, but sheer positive robbery
never took place. lam induced to dwell on these facts,
because of the feeling of alarm abroad lest the city be pil-
laged by the malefactors known to be at present in the
capital. There is a romantic, and what iQ bptter a genuine.
00„„ :.,;arts of the people, that will this
time, as hitherto, distinguish them.

" The provisional government has ordered the forma-
tion of 24 battalions of National Guards, to be composed
of the citizens whose circumstances would not enable them
to clothe themselves and give their service gratis. They
are to receive the moderate pay of 30 sous per day. This
will be a beneficial measure at a time when so many are
out of employment. Fortunately the treasury is rich, and
well able to bear that expense, and others contemplated
for the amelioration of the condition of the people in this
season of distress.

"The formation of two corps d'armee—one on the
Rhine, the other in the departments of the Alpes—is
seriously entertained. In short, the provisional govern-
ment is energetic, and determined to exert themselves
for the benefit of the country.
" It is said that the printing presses of the !foniteur
have been destroyed.
" The Bourse remained closed.
" The Syndicate was to meet to-day to agree that all
the time bargains of the month be settled at the medium
price. Most of (I believe all) the banks are closed, and
money, of course, not to be had. This is very deplorable,
but let us hope it will not long endure."
A telegraphic despatch from Dover informs us that the
Duke of Nemours and part of the ex-King's family have
arrived. They may, we believe, be momentarily expected
in London.
In the course of Friday several proclamations were pub-
lished by the Provisional Government. One of them
offered to dress and arm the citizens who wished to enlist
in the National Guards, and to pay them at the rate of
30 sous per day. Another decreed the formation of 24
battalions of moveable National Guards to march to the
frontier. A third, addressed to the army, invited the sol-
diers not to desert their banner, France standing in need
of all her children. A fourth proclamation announced
the surrender of the Castle of Vincennes and the detached
forts round Paris, the garrisons of which had recognized
the authority of the new Government, and the receipt of
numerous adhesions from the departments.

The annexation of Belgium to France, and the exten-
sion of the frontiers of the Republic to the Rhine, appeared
to Government.
at Bou-
logne, and a few windows were broken.
Tbleietrhe ehmadai -anee objectsn n

There was no embargo at the port Boulogne upon
ingress or egress to or from France.

(From Yesterday's Times.)
PARIS, SATURDAY.
The great event of this day is the restoration of order.
The acts of the Provisional Government and the new
officials show consummate skill and prudence. The
Minister of Finance, M. Goudchaux, has judiciously con-
firmed all the clerks in their employments, and this chief
branch of internal administration is working. I must
tell you that it was only on Monday the notice to pay the
city taxes was issued. The whole of the coming year's
taxes derived from per centage on rents of apartments and
shopkeepers' licenses will fall into the hands of the new
Government—an enormous fund with which to begin.
The million a month to the civil list is already confiscated,
or, as the ordinance has it, restored to the people—a hand-
some addition to the fund applicable to the relief of
distress.

The streets are being partially cleared of the obstruc-
tions caused by the barricades, under the scientific direc-
tion of the students of the Ecole Polytechnique, in such a
way as not to compromise the security against a surprise
afforded by these popular fortifications. This will enable
the country people to bring in provisions, of which there
is an abundant supply, and allow the vast number of coach
and cab men to resume their occupation. The law courts
have resumed their sittings—the post-office is at work—
the shops are opened—everything is doing to calm appre-
hension. The workmen are assured that a great plan is
about being adopted for their benefit, according to which
every man shall have employment and fair recompense.
The best spirits are being draughted into the movable
National Guard, with the magic word " Frontiers" in
their ears, and 30 sous a-day in their pockets. Every
good citizen, whether in costume or not, is tolithat he is
a national guard. This measure, at all events, supplies a
good police, for there is an honourable esprit du corps
animating this body. A man found stealing a silver spoon
was placed on his knees and shot on the spot.
It is generally believed that England will recognise the
Republic. It is against Austria and not England that the
popular feeling runs. The bank of France has announced
itsintention not to limit its discounts, and has prolonged
the time for payment of bills falling due ten days longer.
It has also put down 100,000 f. for the wounded M. de
Rothschild has given 50000 f., and expressed his deter-
mination not to leave Paris. The ex-ministers are not
spoken of. They were assembled, it is said, at the hotel
of the Minister of the Interior, when the news of the
Kin▪
g's abdication was brought in. They then all fled by
back doors. There was an attempt on the part of the
criminals confined in the difkrent gaols to escape, but
they are well watched over, and the public tranquillized
on that score. Debtors and political priscners, as well
as women, have been released. The churches have been
respected, but it is certain that attempts had been made
to burn the Tuileries and the Louvre, which were found
to be on fire in three places the night before last. Had
thu▪ s been effected the consequences would have been ter-

rific, for the populace would have carried the work of
devastation further, and varied the scene of horrors.
Some pictures of the Palais Roy-a gallery were delibe-
rately burnt, but I suppose these must have been the pic-
tures illustrative of the king's adventurous career. Food
is being distributed at all the hospitals, and notices are
issued for relatives and friends to come and claim the vic-
tims, whose bodies are otherwise to be interred in the old
cemetery of St. Catherine.
It is announced this morning that the King's beloved
retirement at Neuilly has been burnt. The bridge at
Asnieres, over which pass the Versailles, St. Germain, and
Rouen trains, has, I am assured, been cut up. The for-
tress of Mont Valerien, that great stronghold, which stood
at an equal distance between St. Cloud and Neuilly, and
commanded the Bois de Boulogne, surrendered after a
resistance of five hours. All the forts detaches and for-
tresses round Paris are in the hands of the republic. And
where was Bugeaud, the merciless oven-heater of the
Dahra—the man whose name alone was to have made the
hearts of the people quake ? It is a curious fact that the
last Royal ordinance in the Moniteur was that which
named him Governor of Paris ; and the next day the ordi-
nance ran " in the name of the French people."

To-day the National Guards are all passing in review in
different quarters. The weather is tremendous, blowing
a hurricane, with heavy showers.
FOUR O'CIOCK.—I have just heard a report from the
Hotel de Vilie that the Provisional Government are en-
chanted at the success of their measures for restoring con-
fidence and order. They say, one more such day, and the
Republic is confirmed. There is a perfect unanimity
amongst them. A great many that I meet wear tri-
coloured ribands on their buttons, to mark their adoption
of these colours instead of the red, to which, however,
some yet adhere.
Among the most curious decrees is that which relates
to the Tuileries, which is turned into an asylum for in-
valid workmen. _ _ _

All pawned articles under ten francs are to be redeemed
for the owners by the minister of finance. _

The Bourse will not be opened till Tuesday

At Boulogne a slight disturbance was created on Fri-
day by a crowd of young men and boys parading the
streets and singing ; they made an attempt to raise a bar-
ricade in the Rue d'Ecu, but soon ceased. On Sunday
all was again as quiet as a French Sunday can be.

Various reports were:in circulation on Sunday through-
out the metropolis with respect to the arrival of the
whole or part of the French Royal Family in this coun-
try, but the only members of the family of Louis Philippe
now in England are the Duke de Nemours and his sister
the Duchess of Coburg Koharv, who landed early on
Sunday morning at Dover. His Royal Highness arrived
in London that night. He was accompanied by one of
his children, but not by the Duchess de Nemours, and
was, we are told, unable to give any information as to the
direction which the other members of his family had
taken. He escaped in disguise.
M. Delessert, the ex-Prefect of Police, travelled with
the Duke, and arrived in London yesterday morning, ac-
companied by his wife.
The Duke of Montebello, ex-Minister of Marine, also
arrived on Saturday, having, we are told, received a very
significant hint to leave Paris.
The reports as to the arrival of M. Guizot in this coun-
try, are, we believe, unfounded. On the contrary, we
have too much reason to fear that he has fallen into the
hands of the people, from whom the worst was to be
expected.
It is said that M. de Lamartine had endeavoured to
procure a resolution abolishing capital punishment with
the view of insuring his safety, but without success.
Prince Louis Napoleon has actually embarked for
France and landed at Boulogne, the scene of his former
foolish attempt. He declares, however, that he goes to
France merely as a citizen, to tender his services to his
country.