The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-06-17 00:00:00

Sir Robert MuiTa

n of a

(With power to add to their number.)
The Right Hon. Earl De Grey, Wrest Park
The Right Hon. Lord Carteret,,Havvnes Park
Lord Charles James Fox Rues'ell, Woburn
p. • -- Q.

%-•."vu .1 "I.' Alderman air ovn,,
kenhead. As a line seeking to support itself from its own The Rev. George Augustus But.
internal traffic it will be a first-rate investment. But it Tne Rev. Dr. Foord Bowes, D.D.,
is intended that'this line should be the precursor of a The Rev. W. S. Chalk, M.A., Wilden Vicarage
scheme of no ordinary importance, namely, the rendering. The Rev. Thomas Shuttleworth Grimshawe, Bit
Chester an efficient port for large vessels. Vicarage
On the completion of the provisional committee, and The Rev. H. S. Livius, M.A., Berkeley-square, Bristol
preliminary arrangements on this line, a separate com- The Rev. Thomas Sykes, M.A., Luton
pany will be formed for the construction of a ship canal
from Dawpool to Chester, a distance of 12 miles. This The Rev. M. M. M'llowell, M.A., Copt Hall, Luton
Mr. Alderman John Brooks, Manchester
is a matured plan. Mr. Alderman Joseph Brown, Bedford
It was entertained by Sir John Rennie, in 1825, and Mr. Alderman William Fishe Palmer, Bedford
subsequently by the late Mr. Chapman, in the same year, Mr. Alderman Benjamin Trapp, Banker, Bedford
who wrote an able report on the subject, with a view of Mr. Alderman Elkanah Armitage, Manchester
extending it to Manchester, as making that important Levi Ames, Esq., the Hyde, St. Alban's
a seaport. The ground was afterwards, in 1837, Daniel Grant, Esq., Manchester
arveyed by Sir John Rennie and Mr. George Remington, Abraham Baner, Esq., Kir,-
ith aview to making a ship canal, of 20 feet water, to eolonel Maekay.

Bedford

Burton Rectory

town a seapo

Williarn-street, Londor

lola Grange, Bedfo

the walls of Cl

)avid Ainsw

am Kenworthy Br

Goldrington H

slung a radius of 34 mites, it will be seen that it includes
lunchester and Warrington, Macclesfield, Congleton,
wich, Nantwich, Tarporlev, the whole

Bedford

the Potteries, Nortt
of the mineral and manufacturing districts of North
Wales in the vicinity of Chester, of the produce of which
Chester is the natural outport, but from the force of cir-

Assistant Poor Law Commissioner
Samuel Crawley, Esq., Stockwood Park, Luton
John Holford, Esq., M

R.N., C

B.:Bedford

tarried, at extra expense, to Liverpool_
►f the Chester port all the trade of the north ha
rated itself into Liverpool, leaving Chester almost aban-

tain Davis, Bedford

Samuel Baines, Esq., Chad House, Edgebaston, Director I
of Leicester and Birmingham

tichard Halfhead, Esq., banker, Bedford

13y a ship canal of 12 miles, comrnenc
on the northern shore of the Dee, at the head of Dawpool,
and continuing to Chester, during eight hours of tide,
vessels drawing from 15 to 20 feet water will be able to

t Heswall

clement Dimelow, Es

Dalton Haskoll

9, Tokenh

get to Chester.
The estuary of the Dee to the head of Dawpool is infi-
nitely preferable i❑ point of access and safety to that of
the Mersey.
This Railway will,_ therefore, in connection with the

London
Mr. J. M. Pierpoint, E

Director

the Welsh Mid- I

land Railway

Peter Li;ius, Esq.,_Cauldwell Priory, Bedford

harles Heath Pal:,,ave,

advantages

restore t

sition natural to so important a cit

m tirimsl
Eso

iam Villa
Bedford

ther outt

by sea to the manufacturing distric

free of the heavy port charges and dues to wbiar the pro
duce is now subject. It has not been thought advisabl
to combine the two objects in one company at present
but should it be found requisite the two may hereafter b

opion-row, Itussell-squar

Turvey House

malgamated.
This Railway will, therefore, have no o

as an indepe
tages of any

th this an

will be the high road to what
port of Manchester.

he roost convenient (

fficult earthwoi

I The Honourable
Piccadilly
Richard Edward Ara,
Richard Heaviside, Esc
Wm. Paton, Esq., J.P.
Jobn Stewart, Esq., Po
Captain Lewis, J.P.
of Monaghan
John Humphreys, Esq., J.P., Miltown-house, Straban
James Reade, Esq., 13, Lower Berkeley-street, Portman-

4,

In-square
, Deputy-Lient

nant of the Counts

DIRECT INDEPENDENT LONDON AND square
Edward W. Bond, Esq., LP
MANCHESTER RAILWAY. ville, County of Ara
(REMINGTON' S LINE.) The Rev. Pooley Shute'
rovisionally Registered pursuant to 7 and 8 Vic., c. 110. of the National Board of _
CAPITAL, £3,060,000, in 60,000 SHARES of £5O each. Bequests in Ireland
DEPOSIT, £2 15s. per SHARE. Benjamin Oliveira, F.R.S., Esq., 8, Upper H)
Is of the Company in London, 29, MOOrgate-street
PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE.

Deputy-Lieutenant, Bond-

D.D., Cotnn
nd CI

amp
am H
Ed u cal

Hyde Pi

Lee M'Kinstry, Esq., J.P., .
Matthew Wyatt, Esq., 1, Uppe,
Captain Rogers, Cloveneden, County of Armagh
John Nlalleson, Esq., Wimbledon, Surrey

opt.:cr, ru
oe R M 1/.201
flight Hon. Lord St John,
elchbourn Park George Scott, Esq., Armagh
lderman Sir James D e, M.P., Sussex place, Regent's Charles Forster, Esq., Temple
Park, London Thomas Meyer Carvick. Esa..
•

iddleiex

oat Mo

Francis Evans, Esq., Dublin
John Porter Harris, Esq., J.P., A
_ Armagh

James Vickers, Es
ienham I Christopher W. Pc
Rev. H. Fowler, ?

;q., Ma

commrr
Lord Rc
Colonel Ra
Honourabl,
W. Paton, Esq., .i.l)
Richard E -
C.

Id A NAGE'MENr

.don, M.P.
Henry St. John

Esq

P., D.I

%min (

issioner
Laritable

, hsq., F

le, Esq
J.P.

SEL IN I

King's Benc

1., Q.(

S IN I

EtteratUrt.

SELECTIONS.

ANOTHER NEW SPEC.—Among the speculations at
present in progress is a great Libyan Desert and West
End Junction Arabian Sand Association, for the purpose
of supplying England and the continent of Europe with
sand-paper. Tables have already been prepared, showing
the daily consumption cf this useful article in the me-
tropolis alone; and it is suggested that by the manufac-
ture of scouring paper also, the company will be able to
take advantage of the present rage for travelling, and pqt
it in the power of any person of moderate means to scour
the whole of the Continent. A sample of the sand may
be seen at the company's temporary (very temporary)
offices in Tooley-street.—Punch.
SEVENTEEN FORTY-FIVE AND EIGHTEBN FORTY-
FivE.—Liverpool was not so important a town in 1745 as
to have a newspaper. Manchester had only one. There
were but twenty eight in all provincial England, two in
Scotland, and four in Ireland (in the two last cases, con-
fined to the respective capitals.) London was then a
town of under half-a million population—about one and
a-half of the present Manchester. Edinburgh had forty,
and Glasgow twenty thousand ; now the latter is com-
puted to have :311,000. Lancashire has since then just
added about one million to her population! The whole
annual revenge of the country from customs in 1745 (a
million and a half) was not a third of what is now drawn
on that account in Liverpool port alone.—Chambers.
FORCING VIOLETS.—By attending to the following
simple directions, a bunch of these sweet little flowers
may be had daily from November to March. About the
middle of May, prepare a piece of ground by digging into
it a quantity of leaf-mould ; plant this with strong runners
one foot apart each way ; water in dry weather, and keep
them clear of weeds throughout the summer ; in October
take them up. with balls, pot them, and place them near
the glass in a cold frame ; the pots should be plunged in
coal-ashes-or old tan ; they will soon begin to bloom, and
continue blooming through the winter ; in severe weather,
they may be removed to the greenhouse, conservatory, or
drawing-room, &c. To meet a great demand, .a few pots
of Russian may occasionally be placed in a stove, but
neither the Neapo:itan nor double purple like stove-heat.
COATS, &c.—Avoid a foolish custom now springing up,
of fastening the coat with a couple of supplementary but-
tons, attached by a metallic link. This is the trick of
some scoundrel tailor, who sent home a coat too small for
the wearer, and thus persuaded him (he must have been
an ass) to tie two buttons together, and so make both
ends meet. It will do very well for a commercial gent.,
but not for a gentleman. We need hardly say, be not fine
on a Sunday ; dress plainer then than usual, if you would
maintain your dignity ; and be not ashamed of an old
coat—only let it be clean, portez-le bien, soyez bien
chausse bien gante, bien coiffe, et vows n'aurez jamais
r air d'an bourgeois. Above all things, whether you be
man, woman, or child, remember, that the more you ap-
proximate to uniformity of colour for the whole of your
dress, the better. Whether you prefer white to black,
blue to green, or brown to red, no matter. Stick to the
law of esthetic unity—retain natural and undisguised
contour, breadth and mellowness of colour, ease and dig-
nity of movement, and you will approximate to perfec-
tion.—Blackwood.

The cuckoo, it is well known, deposits its eggs in the
nests of severalsbirds. They have been found in those of
the hedge-sparrow, or rather the hedge warbler, the robin,
the redstert, the whitethroat, yellow warbler, pied wag-
tail, meadow pipit, rock pipi, skylark, yellow bunting,
bhaffinch, greenfinch, linnet, and blackbird, and from the
circumstance of a pair of red-backed strike having been
seen breeding a young cuckoo, it is probable that the
cuckoo sometimes deposits its eggs in the nests of those
birds. (See Mr. Yarrell's " British Birds.") It may be
added that cuckoos have been known to form a nest of
themselves, and sit upon and hatch their own eggs. In
cases where they select a foster-mother, it is supposed
that the cuckoo keeps near the nest, and takes charge of
the young cuckoo when it kaves it. The robin certainly
has one brood before the arrival of the cuckoo, but it as
certainly has one or two afterwards, and it is by no means
an uncommon thing to find a young cuckoo in a robin's
nest for the purpose of depositing an egg in it. A cuckoo
will lay four and five egs. This has been ascertained by
dissection. The whole history of the cuckoo is curious.
It is the largest of our insectivorous birds, and if she
hatched all her own eggs, she probably would not be able
to feed them all. I have seen a pair of wagtails em-
ployed from morning till night in providing food for
a ravenous young cuckoo. There is now but little doubt
of cuckoos dropping an egg near a nest so placed that they
could not get into it, and after removing the eggs which
were alresdy in the nest, taking up her own egg in one of
her feet, and then depositing it there. In this way they
are supposed sometimes to introduce their eggs into a
wren's nest.—L.L.U.—Gardeners' Chronicle. .

THE PROPRIETARY Passroer.—By an instinct which
derisively mocks at these and such like attempts to kill
it, we love with peculiar fondness what is our own. The
lone poor widow smells a sweeter perfume, sees a deeper
blush, and marks a bonnier stem, in the little rose which
stands on her window sill—the beloved plant which she
tends, and trains, and waters every day—than in all the
thousand beauties which bloom in the public path hard
by. The bullfinch, in that wire cage which adorns the
pailoar of the village squire, has, for his fair daughter, a
gayer plumage, a mellower note, and a thousand-fold
more winning ways, than any of the livelier birds which
perch, and fly, and sing at pleasure in her father's par-
terre. We would not give a dolt for the schoolboy who
did not think his cony the most wonderful pony in the
world, and his father about the most important man uneler
the sun. Watches are curious pieces of mechanism,
very useful, sometimes very ornamental; but it is a vastly
different thing to see hundreds of them in a jeweller's or
pawnbroker's window, and to have one of them for one's
own. And the feeling which these illustrations are in-
tended to set off, and place in relief before the mind's
eye of the reader, is affected by what we do as well as by
what we Lave. The charitable matrons 'in yonder pro-
vincial town take deeper interest in the girls' school
which they originated, and which they mainly support,
than in the cause of female education throughout the
kinzdom. Immediate and individual relationship, by a
law of nature, brings with it a stronger affection to prompt
to the discharge of immediate duty, than that which is
more remote. We have a very low notion of that phil-
antrhopy which is not more ardent at home than abroad.
Providence, which has obtained the superior efficiency of
our efforts to serve man within our own neighbourhood,
over those which are directed to ameliorate the condition
of the race at large, has likewise planted in us those in-
stincts which tend to secure the laying out of our strength
where our strength will be most serviceable ; and the
local good which, if we are so minded, we may attempt
with success, always engages a deeper interest than the
larger and more general good which, however anxiously
we may desire, we can do little else than sigh for and
wish.—Edward Miall.

THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF PROTESTANT ENDOWMENT.
—The church of Ireland cannot stand fur a single hour,.
upon any other basis than that of Truth. She is not the
church of the mnjority ; that is admitted upon all hands.
She is not the church which held the ecclesiastical reve-
nues of Ireland in the fifteenth century. She may indeed
more nearly resemble the church of Patrick and Colum•
ban than a Papal church would ; but sill, she is not, in
fact, the church of Patrick and Columban ; —and still less
is she the church which existed between the years A.D.
1300 and 1500. Except, therefore, we are allowed to rest
her claims on the highest ground, and to assert, that she
teaches the truth as set forth in God's Holy Word, and
that her antagonist does not, we can carry on no effectual
defence. Mr. Sidney Herbert is said to bave recently
devoted a considerable sum of money to the endowment
of two Romish chapels on his estates in Ireland. Lord
Francis Egerton reminds us of his proposition made in
1829, to endow the Romish priests in Ireland out of the
public revenues. Lord Sandon tells us, that be voted
for that proposition, and would vote for it again. Now
we should exceedingly like to know, in what way these
gentlemen would defend the Irish church. That they
would defend it, we must take for granted; for they
steadily resisted every effort made by the whigs, between
1835 and 1841, to deal with the revenue; of that church
in the way of reduction. They would defend the church
now; but we are quite unable to imagine upon what
principles. Only admit that it is right and lawful to give
either private or public money to endure such a system as
that or the Irish Romanists, and it naturally follows that
Romanism ought to be the established church in Ireland.
If Romanism be not sinful, it ought to be established.
The mere fact of the adherence of 6,400,000 of the people
of Ireland to that faith decides the question as to its pri-
ority of claim, if not idolatrous. O'Connell has a thou-
sand times reminded us, that Episcopal Protestantism is
established in England, because it is the faith of the great
body of the people: that Presbyterian Protestantilm is
established in Scotland, because it is the faith of the great
body of the people : and he always, and very naturally,
passes on vittlie conclusion, that lionianism ought to be
established in Ireland for the same reason,--namely, be-
cause it is the faith of the great body of the people. This
argument is unanswerable, if we may establish Roman-
ism. Only show that the Papal apostacy is at all recon-
cileable with Scriptnre,—that it is nct Antiehristian,—
that it is not idolatrous, and our vote shall be given at
once for its establishment as the church of Ireland. The
only difficulty which stands in our way, is a conviction
that Popery is abominable in the sight of God, and ini-
mical to both the temporal and eternal interests of man.
But so long as we retain this conviction, we can neither
consent to the establishment of Popery as the church,
nor, to any minor aid like that of Ntaynooth. Aid to
Rotnanism is, in our view, unlawful,—a positive sin.
This is our sole and sufficient difficulty.—Churchman's
Review.

APPEARANCE AND ORATORY OF LORD JOHN Run-
SELL.—Notwithstanding the many points of excellence in
his speeches, Lord John Russell's exterior and style of
speaking are most disappointing. Remembering the
pleasure he has given on on paper and the prominent po-
sition he holds in the House of Commons, your first
sensation on seeing and hearing him is that you must have
been misinformed. Can that little, quiet, fragile. modest,
almost insignificant-looking man, so neat, plain, and
formal in his black coat and snow-white neckcloth, who
sits with his legs crossed anyhow and his bat overshadow-
ing his small sharp features till they are scarcely seen—
can that be Lord John Russell? Is he really the leader
of that compact and numerous party who crowd the op-
posite benches, and has he the power or the skill to rule
and rein them in, to amalgamate all their discordant
varieties, to tame their political violence, of which you
have beard and seen so much, to pour the oil of his phi-
losophical spirit on the troubled waters of their excited
passions, to beguile them into suspending or giving up
their cherished opinions and settled purposes, and cor-
dially unite in working out his views, and respecting, if
not obeying, his will ? 'When you regard the physique of

Sir Robert Peel, his full, commanding figure, his intellec-
tual face and head, his handsome expressive countenance,
his erect and manly bearing, you are half tempted to be-
lieve or trust all you have heard of his magical influence
over the House of Commons; but no persuasion will in-
duce you to think that the diminutive model of a man who
has been pointed out to you as Lord John Russell—whom
Lord Palmerston, his next neighbour, might almost dan-
dle in his arms—can possess those qualities which history
tells us are necessary in order to sway popular assemblies.
In a few minutes he takes off his hat and rises from his
seat, advancing to the table to speak. Now, for the first
time, there is something that prepossesses. His head,
though small, is finely shaped; it is a highly intellectual
head, and the brow is wide and deep. The face, broad
and firm set, sphynx-like in shape, is not of faultless out-
line, but it is strongly marked with character. A thought-
ful repose, slightly tinged with melancholy, pervades it.
The features are sharply defined ; they look more so in the
extreme paleness of the complexion, a paleness not of ill
health, but of refined breeding. The mouth is wide, but
finely shaped, surrounded with a marked line, as though
it were often •made the vehicle of expression, while the
lips are firmly compressed as from habitual thought. The
eye is quick and intelligent, the nose straight and decided,
the eyebrows dark and well arched, and the whole face,
which seems smaller still than it is from the absence of
whiskers, is surmounted by dark and scanty hair, which
leaves disclosed the whole depth of an ample and intel-
lectual forehead. A moment more and you are struck
with the proportions, though small. of his frame—his
erect attitude, his chest expanded. You begin to perceive
that a little man need not of necessity be insignificant.
There is a presence upon him, a firm compactness of out-
line, a self-possessed manner, a consciousness of latent
strength, that lead you to abandon your unfavourable
view of his physical attributes, and to hope much from his
moral and intellectual qualities. He speaks, and for a
time your disappointment returns. You have seen him
make one step forward to the table, look all round the
house, then make a step back again into his old place ;
then, with the right arm stretched partly out, and his face
half turned to his own supporters, he begins. His voice
is feeble in quality and monotonous. It is thin, and there
is a twang upon it which smacks of aristocratic affectation ;
but it is distinct. He is, perhaps, about to answer some
speech, or to attack some measure, of Sir Robert Peel.
He goes on in level strain, uttering a few of the most ob-
vious common-places of apology or of deprecation, till the
idea of mediocrity grows irresistibly upon your mind. Yet
the house seem to listen anxiously—they would not do so
if they did not know their man. Wait a little. A cheer
comes from the opposition benches ; it bears in it the
effeminate laugh of Mr. Ward, the deep bassoon note of
Mr. Warburton. the shrill scream of Mr. Sheil, the loud
hearty shout of Mr. Wakley, and the delighted chorus of
the anti-corn-law leaguers. Nay, even on the ministerial
side, the •• point" has not been without its effect, as many
a suppressed titter testifies. All the level commonplace,
it seems, was but the stringing of the bow ; at the moment
when least expected, the cool, prepared marksman has
shot his arrow of keen and polished sarcasm at Sir Robert
Peel, whom it has fleshed, if not transfixed. You follow
the speaker a little longer, now fairly interested in him,
even though opposed to his opinions, and you find that he
has more of those arrows in his quiver. And then he
proceeds, during a speech of perhaps an hour and a half,
developing those ci,aracteristies of his mind which we
have described in detail, now earning approval by his en-
larged and statesmanlike views, now lowering himself to
the level of the various prejudices of his party, alternately
compelling the admiration of his opponents or provoking
something like contempt; now rousing his own side to
cheers against their opponents, and now stimulating those
opponents to laugh at or suspect their own leaders; but
always exhibiting power, self-pnssession, tact, skill, par-
liamentary and political knowledge, command of lan-
guage, and felicity of diction, surpassed by but a few of
the distinguished men of the day. Meanwhile you have
lost sight of the defects of the speaker—defects of voice,
manner, and action, which place him as far below Sir
Robert Peel, in the merely mechanical part of oratory,
as his occasional elevation of thought and happy choice of
language place him in these respects above him. If you
bad not been thus carried away, you would have been
speedily wearied by the drawling monotony of voice, the
hesitation in delivery, the constant catching up and repe-
tition of words, and even of portions of sentences ; and
you would have noticed that the only action used was a
constant stepping forwards from the bench to the table
and back again, an occasional thumping of the latter with
the right hand when not rested permanently on it, a fold-
ing of the arms akimbo, or an action peculiar to this orator
when he rests his left elbow on his right hand, whilst the
left arm, raised perpendicularly, is held up as if in warning
at his opponents.—Fraser 's Magazine.