The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-10-15 00:00:00

SELECTIONS.

LUTHER'S CONVENT.—We breakfasted this morning
at.Erfurt, and made duteous pilgrimage to the Augustine
Convent, which Luther inhabited as a monk. In the
church, he said his first mass ; and it remains in the same
state, with a rude old pulpit in which Luther preached,
and carved wooden galleries. His cell is preserved as
when he lived in it. It is like conventual cells all over
the world, a small square high chamber. Here is the
Bible that he first found in the library of the convent;
studying which his powerful mind began to perceive the
errors of the church to which he belonged. The convent
is now used as an orphan house.—Mrs. Shelley 8
Rambles.

X CONNOISSEURS CONCEIT REBUKED.—HUdSOU, the

portrait-painter, master of Sir Joshua, was so fortunate
as to obtain a fine impression cf the very rare etching by
Rembrandt, called the " Coach Landscape." On occa-
sion of this acquisition, be gave a supper to his amateur
friends, at which to display his purchase. Benjamin
Wilson, his brother painter, who a good judgment
this branch of art, and knew Hudsen hal very little,
though affecting vela enthusiasm for it, amused himself
at his expense. He etched a plate in the style of Rem-
brandt, and sent an impression to Paris, circulating a re-
port at home that there had been discovered in France a
print, by Rembrandt, hitherto unknown, and apparently
a companion to the ' Coach Landscape ;' that money had
been offered for it for the king's collection, but that the
proprietor meant to bring it to England for sale. Hud-
son, therefore, to anticipate his friends, hastened over to
Paris, and bought the print. On his return, he collect d
all his amateur friends in London to a second supper,
given especially for the purpose of receiving their congra-
tulations, which he received accordingly. Very shortly
after this, the whole of the same party, and Hudson with
them, were invited to a supper at Wilson's. When all
were introduced to the supper-table, every plate was found
turned down, and on the guests lifting them, behold un-
der every one an impression of the unhappy companion of
the " Coach Landscape," and under Hudson's plate lay
the money that he had paid to Wilson's confederate in
Paris for the purchase.—The Print Collector.
THE WELL OF JACOB AND TOMB OF JOSEPH.—On
our descending this hill of blessing (Dent. xi. 29), and
such, I trust, we experienced it to be on this interesting
occasion, we went about a mile further to see the well of
Jacob, where our Lord conversed with the woman of
Samaria, and declared the great truth, that " salvation is
of the Jews." Of the fact that the "well was deep,"
and that something was required wherewith to draw up
the water, we had evidence before we came to it; for our
guide was greatly disappointed when, on repeated inquiry,
whilst we rode along towards the well, he found we were
unptovided with a long rope, &c., and proposed to go
back to the town to fetch one •, ut, being pressed for
time, we gave up the point, and gratified ourselves by
merely seeing its surface, whilst some of our party went
into a pit, and convinced themselves of its depth by
throwing down a stone. There is now, I believe, no
water in it; and the mouth of the well is kept closed with
a large stone. There was something so striking in this
scene, that it brought us back to the time of our Saviour,
and we could fully realise all tlat is related in John iv.
Near it is the beautiful and fertile plain of Moreb, which
at once reminds one of the parcel of ground which Jacob
gave to his sort Joseph, whose tomb is also near, which
we visited. There are several Hebrew and Samaritan in-
scriptions on the same. The whole is kept very neat and
in good repair by the bounty of Jews who visit this tomb
of Joseph. On our return to our enceneirnent, we found
all ready for starting, and, after two hours' ride, we came
to Sebaste, the ancient Samaria, beautifully situated on
the top of a hill, where there is a fine ruin of an ancient
church, in which the Turks have a mosque. The village
is poor and insignificant, but the situation very fine and
commanding. I was greatly interested in this trip, which
I hope to repeat, in order to make myself better acquaint-
ed with it, as it is only two short days' journey from
Jerusalem. The situation of Nablous is very striking,
having the mountains of Gerizim and Ebal one on each
side.—Bishop Alexander.

A NARROW ESCAPE.—A. few months ago, Roger Ed-
wards, a missionary, residing at Kuruman, had a narrow
escape from lions near this place. He was on his way
from the colony ; and after residing at Daniels Kuil, he
had set out, with the intention of riding to the Kuruman
in the night, having a led horse, and being accompanied
by a Hottentot who rode a mare, by the side of which a
foal was running. Just as he arrived at some large scat-
tered bushes, a sudden impression on his mind induced
him to alight from his horse, saying to the llottentot that
they would stop there. The Hottentot accordingly dis-
mounted; they took off their saddles, knee-haltered the
horses, turned them loose to feed, and lay down under
one of the bushes. They had not been there many mi-
nutes, when the mare screamed ; they listened, and a lion
roared; they raised themselves upon their knees • the
horses having got clear of their knee-halters, galloped
past them, taking the road towards Kuruman • the mare
followed as fast as she could, but her knee-halter had
been too tight to allow her to release herself from it ;
they were followed by four lions, at full speed ; a fifth
stopped short, and gazed for some time at the travellers,
as if deliberating whether to spring upon them, or to fol-
low the others. The moon was just setting, but it still
cast sufficient light to enable them to distinguish the ter-
rific beast. The Hottentot in alarm, began to make a
noise, but was immediately hushed by the missionary,
whose knees, though kneeling, smote together, and who
said, if ever he prayed in sincerity, it was then, though it
was a silent prayer. He thought five minutes might
elapie while they were thus situated, but remarked, that
it might not be so much, as, under such circumstances.
minutes necessarily seemed long. The lion at length
sprang upon the path, and went after the others. The
cries of the mare were heard at a distance, more and more
faintly, till they ceased. The missionary and the Hot-
tentot agreed to listen, lest the lions should return as,
in case of such an event, a few low trees near them
afforded a forlorn hope of escape ; but, overpowered by
fatigue and fear, they fell asleep, and did not awake till
dawn of day.--Backhouse's Visit to the Mauritius.
POWER OF O'CONNELL TO CONTROL AGITATED IRE-
LAND.—It has been alleged that the power which is suffi-
cient to regulate the motion of the masses, will be finally
able to restrain its action. This assertion discovers a
complete ignorance of the physiology of revolution. The
agitators will discover, if they be permitted to proceed,
that in the manufacture of treason there is a division of
labour ; that the men who excite the passions of a multi-
tude in peace are not those who guide its material energy
in rebellion. Cromwell and Ireton were unheard of un-
til the mission of Pym and Hampden was complete.
Washington was comparatively unknown when Franklin
talked of passive resistance before a committee of the
11"se of Commons. The eloquence of the Girondists
preceded and prepared the way for the daggers of the Ja-
cobins. Tone and Sheares followed Grattan and Flood.
Yet Mr. O'Connell fancies he can stop the torrent of
events, destroy the connexion between cause and effect,
usurp the power of the deity ; ruling events and govern-
ing circumstances. 'When parties are excited, the peace
of society depends on the forbearance of the violent, and
the discretion of the foolish, a stone flung by a child—a
blow struck by a peasant might have the same effect on
the community as a spark would on a magazine of gun-
powder. If the potato culture be extended ;if the threat
of confiscation were made the reality of robbery ; if the
plunder of the landlords, the only untried means of the
moral force system, were being perpetrated ;—while, inthat contingency, the rights of property should be vindi-
cated even if an unpaid debt were made a capital felony,
(for the rights of property should be asserted, at any cost
to prevent the nation returning through anarchy tobar'-
barism,) when the summary power of ejectment would be
followed by clearance and consolidation ; when the ques-
tion would be between famine and the sword ; when the
peasant would have but the choice of martyring himself
and his family by starvation, or resisting coercion by
force ; DARE human being say there shall be no rebellion
in my day, that its crimes and its cruelties, its misery and
devastation shall be legacies of the dead, not gifts of the
living ?—Dublin University Magazine.

A FIERY-VISAGED GHOST.— Garments hung upon J.
pegs in bed-rooms are often taken for ghostly figures. Sir
Walter Scott relates a remark:4)le instance of this as hav-
ing occurred to himself; and many persons have been si-
milarly deceived. We have heard of a gentleman of ner-
vous temperament being haunted by a colossal figure robed
and turbaned like a Turk, and having a fiery visage.
Night after night did this gaunt apparition present itself.
The visitation at length became intolerable, and the suf-
ferer, terrified into courage,

(" For men as resolute appear
With too much, as too little, fear,")
resolved desperately to attack the disturber of his noctur-
nal slumbers. It would not do to let his impulse cool;
so he jumped out of bed, rushed towards the phantom,
seized it—and found the window-curtain in his grasp.
The fiery face turned out to be a large brass knob, over
which the upper pait of the curtain was thrown.—Ains-
tror Iles Magazine.
O'CONNELL'S INFLUENCE AS A 1-2S4AGOGUE EXA-
MINED.—O'ConneII, it is alleged, enjoys greater influence
over multitudes, greater power of swaying the masses than
any man who has ever existed ; and, that even, the mob-
attriEnte of fickleness has been suspended towards him ;
that his popularity has been as uniform as it has been
great. He cannot be assimilated, it is true, to Pericles,
the Gracchi, Cromwell, Washington, Mirabeau, or Grat-
tan—to the patriot or demagogue, to the soldier or orator
of this list—to any of those prime movers or guides of na..
tions. Among a population,' that possessed the power of
reasoning, or even the liberty cf caprice, his influence
would not endure for a year. The one would expect ar-
gument, the other would demand novelty, neither of
which he could supply. Had he been born amid a people
of either judgment or taste ; he would have remained un-
known. His ignorance of political philosophy would have
kept him in obscurity, where political information was
diffused ; his coarseness of language would have disgusted
where refinement was cultivated. The influence of Father
Mathew could not exist in France, Britain, or America.
In those countries the stern scepticism of knowledge has
prostrated the political superstition, that places idolatrous
reliance upon the regenerating power of a man, his type is
to be looked for and may be found in a semi-barbarous
age. Mr. O'Connell's career is supposed to be without
precedent, because we seek for an example of it in civi-
lised periods, among refined nations. Peter the Hermit,
who lived during the energetic frenzy of the eleventh cen-
_ _

tury, at least equalled Mr:O'Conne)l in his power of col-
lecting and influencing immense multitudes and even of
controlling them ; until his mobs, those human tigers,
tasted blood—then the influence of the spiritual Van Am-
burgh ceased. The unnamed Hungarian who, during the
captivity of St. Louis, carried the letter of the blessed
Virgin in his clenched hand, gathered, directed, and ex-
cited by his eloquence, crowds in many instances of more
than an hundred thousand men, the movement of the
Past.,rs in France, and the Jacquerie in England, during
the reign of Richard 11. are examples of the aggregation
of numbers and the influence of individual character, in-
consistent with civilisation. The history of the middle
aces are full of such earnples. To sway an ignorant rab-
ble requires neither abilities of a high order, nor eloquence
of an elevated kind; the success of an agitator depends
more on the disposition of his audience than on the
powers of his own mind: To flatter the prejudices of ig-
norance—to delude inexperience—to promise benefits,
which are incapable of realisation—to excite to crime, by
misleading passion—and to cause hatred, by calumniating
virtue, neither demands great genius nor lofty eloquence
(and who cannot but rejoice that such prostitution of in-
tellect is unnecessary) : sin and fluency are only required.
—Dublin University Magazine.

LOUIS PHILIPPE AT PARIS AFTER A LONG ABSENCE.
—At the fall or Napoleon in 1814, Louis Philippe (then
the wandering Duke of Orleans) was at Palermo, and on
hearing of that event on the 23d of April in that year, the
Duke left immediately, and on the 18th of May was in
Paris, which he had not seen for more than 20 years.
The Duke's first care, on his return to Paris, was to pay
a stolen visit to the home of his fathers. The porters,
who still continued to wear the Imperial livery, were with
difficulty induced to permit a stranger, and clad also in
the costume of Sicily, to penetrate the innermost apart-
ments of the palace; but the earnestness with which he
pursued his survey left them little leisure to question him
as to his objects. As he approached the grand staircase,
the recollections of his boyhood, the lustre of his ancient
race, the agonies of mind he had endured since he hot
beheld that spot, and gratitude to that Providence which
had spared him amidst such universal ruin, completely
overwhelmed him, and, falling prostrate on the tesselated
pavement, he imprinted a thousand kisses on the cold
white marble, while tears gushing from his eyes indicated,
while they relieved, the emotions with which he contend-
ed. The attendants of the palace looked on this scene of
fervent feeling with surprise, some imagining that it was
the workings of frenzy or of folly but, on being informed
that it was the long-exiled and sole surviving son of Ega-
lit6—the Ulysses of modern ages—whom they beheld en-
tering the palace of his fathers after his wanderings over
Europe and America, pity was superseded by admiration.
On the following day Louis Philippe was presented to
the King at the Palace of the Tuileries, in his Sicilian
costume, not choosing to wait for a French court suit,
lest his Majesty might imagine that he had not been suf-
ficiently diligent in appearing amongst the Royal Family.
As the Duke approached, Louis XVIII. descended, and,
advancing towards him, said, " Your Highness was a
Lieutenant-General in the servile of your country 25
years ago, and you are still the same.!' The King had
actually appointed him to this rank three days before his
arrival in Paris. " Sire," replied the Duke, " I shall
henceforth present myself before your Majesty in this
uniform." From this period the Duke of Orleans ob.
served the utmost caution in every movement. He pro-
bably perceived, from the policy pursued by the restored
family, and the character and temper of the nation, the
course which events would probably take. Upon the
return of Napoleon, the Duke was active in his adherence
to the Royal cause ; but he directly opposed a proposition
to raise a civil war. He endeavoured to retain the sol-
diers in the army of the north in fidelity to the King, but
the magic of the Emperor's name extinguished the faint
loyalty of men who had nothing to connect them with the
Bourbon family but the abstract idea of legitimacy. He
resigned the command of the army to Marshal Mortier,
and left France, he supposed for ever, to "bury himself,"
as he expressed it, "in retirement and oblivion." He
returned to his former residence at Twickenham.—Life
of Louis Philippe.
COMPETITION IN GAS AND WATER COMPANIES.—
In the evidence taken before the Commissioners of In-
quiry into the state of large towns and populous districts,
Mr. Hawksley, Engineer of the Nottingham Water-
works, states an opinion which goes counter, in some
degree, to common prejudices, and will strike most per-
sons as novel, but is, nevertheless, we are persuaded,
worthy of attention. Speaking of gas-works for small
towns, where the expense of an act of parliament cannot
be afforded, he states that, often when such works have
been commenced and are doing well, competitors step in
and ruin the prospects of the original adventurers. Hence
there is a reluctance to invest money in such works, with-
out an act protecting from competition. Being asked
what is the operation of this introduction of a second
company, Mr. Hawksley answers :—" Usually injurious
to the interests of the proprietors and of the public.
Two capitals become invested; two sources of wear and
tear are created ; two managements, and two complete
sets of officers must be maintained ; two causes of loss
and leakage are established ; for all which the public
must and do ultimately pay, as well as for the enormously
expensive conflict to obtain the act of parliament, and for
the rivalry and strife of several subsequent years. It may
be mentioned that in some districts of London, three,
four, or five companies have pipes, and are occupied in
performing the service which might be quite as effectually
rendered by one, and perhaps by that one, under proper
supervision, at half the cost of the present supply. These
companies seldom continue in active competition for long
periods. Finding the competition ruinous, they coalesce
openly, or enter into a private understanding, by which
the public ate deprived of the benefits of the supposed
competition. The charges are either increased, or remain
fixed much above those at which a single company would
willingly supply. It may be affirmed that the metropolis
might, under proper arrangements be efficiently supplied
with gas at ss. per thousand feet, instead of at the Bs. or
9s. now charged ; and yet the companies are in general
ill remunerated for the capital they have invested and the
risk they have encountered ; and this evil arises solely
from the great amount of capital brought into the field to
encourage competition, and to satisfy the complaints
against a monopoly which exists only in consequence of
the omission of parliament to subject single companies to
a supervising authority, competent to afford an equal pro-
tection to the interests of the public and of such compa-
nies. Actually at Manchester, where there is but one
gas-work (one under the management of the public), the
charge for gas per 1,000 cubic feet is ss. 2d. In Liver-
pool, where there are two companies, the price is 6s. 2d.
Yet, notwithstanding the lower price and smaller manu-
facture, Manchester has been enabled to apply to the im-
provement of the town, and in increase of assets, as much
as the two 10 per cent. dividends of the Liverpool com-
panies—' thus showing that two companies will cost the
public 20 per cent. more than one company.'" For
a .further illustration of the principle, Mr. Hawksley
adduces the case of the city of Glasgow, in respect to
its gas-works. " That city was supplied by one company,
which, as its consumption of gas and its works extended,
went on reducing its charges. The quality of its gas was
proved and admitted to be excellent, the price very
reasonable, and the manufacturing power more than suf-
ficient. But its supposed prosperity excited the cupidity
of another body of speculators, who, hoping that they
might share the extending field of supply, made applica-
tion for a private act. The diminished and diminishing
price was incontrovertible; but the company had refused
to supply consumers during the day, on the ground that
the expense of a day supply to the few consumers requir-
ing it, would, from the leakage of the extensive system of
pipes to be kept charged for that purpose, be wholly dis-
proportionate to the return. This, along with other
minor allegations, was thought to justify the resolution
that the preamble of the bill was proved, and that a fur-
ther supply to the city was needed. Now, the conse-
quence was this,' that a further capital of £150,000, or
more, has been driven into a field where it is almost en-
tirely superfluous. The interest of this capital must and
will be charged on the public within the field where it is
obtruded. By the introduction of this other company
the cost of the gas will be increased or kept up at least
ls. Bd. per 1,000 cubic feet, even although the consump-
tion of gas should increase so much as 30 per cent. This
will of course constitute a permanent tax, in whatever
form it may arise." The principle concerned in these
cases is, we believe, fully established in political economy :
further illustrations of it may be found in a paper en-
titled " Competition," in the eleventh volume of this
jaoduvrannalta. g a
nAnnadtoptrhacetpienablllyin,
two eh
ahvaev ewn.
toe
rd on un bd t
gi a
st ws
uo up Ipdl i be
de
in all instances by one company, it proper provisions
Could be made to insure to the community the benefit of
any improvement in the company's circumstances beyond
a certain moderate rate of profit—Chambere Edinburgh
Journal.

Patcz OF ENGRAVINGS.—The greatest sum ever given
for a print was for " The Madonna and Child" of Maso
Finiguerra, the reputed inventor of engraving from me-
tallic plates. It was met with accidentally at Rome, by
Mr. Ottley, the late curator of prints at the Museum,
purchased by him for a mere trifle, sold by him to Sir
Mark Sykes for seventy pounds, and bought at that emi-
nent collector's sale for three hundred guineas. The
" hundred guilder" picture of Rembrandt's, of our Sa-
viour healing the Sick, comes next among the high prices.
Eight impressions of the first date of this engraving are
koown to exist. In 1809, one of these brouabt within a
few shillings of forty guineas at Mr. Hibbert's sale.
Thit ty years after, the collection of its possessor came to
the hammer, and this print was knocked down to a new
collector at two hundred and thirty-one pounds ' • in his
hands this costly treasure still remains. Rembrandt's
" Advocate 'tolling" fetched two hundred and twenty
pounds in 1835, and his " Copoenol" found a purchaser
at three hundred guineas in the same year, in Baron Ver.
salk, the possessor of one of the three copies of the
" Hundred Guilder" engraving, as it is called, which may
be said to be in the market, the other five being locked up
in national collections. But, not to multiply the instances
of high-priced prints, let us see what these gems fetched
in their author's life-time. Rembrandt's " Madonna and
Child" obtained its soubriquet of the Hundred Guilder,
because it brought just eight guineas in its artist's life-
time. Albert Durer was content to sell his " Adam.and
Eve" for four slivers, about eighteen pence; his sixteen
prints called the " Little Passion," for two shillings and
threepence; and his " Life of the Madonna," his Apoca-
lypse," and his " Great Passion," fur just six shillings
for each set of these large wood-cuts. The " Eulenspre-
gel," of Lucas Van Leyden, now worth its fifty pounds,
was purchased by Albert Durer, at Br. ssels, for a stiver,
foureence-halfpenny of our money. The height of the ab-
surdity of the high-priced mania was the scramble for the
little sleeping dog of Rembrandt's, which he scratched in
a corner of a large copper plate, and the great value of
which consisted in his having worked off one'impression
before he cut the engraved corner out of the larger plate;
as unique, it fetched one hundred and twenty pounds.—
The Print Collector.

Louis PHII IPPE AS A PROFESSOR.—After the battle of
Nerwinde in March 1793, in which the Austrians defeated

the French, the Duke of Orleans (Louis Philippe) com-
manded the centre in the French army, and perceiving
that his life was in danger determined to sever his con-
nection with republican France and set off to the fron-
tier. He repaired in the first instance to Mons, the
Austrian head-quarters,tfo- obtain passports. There Prince
Charles invited him to enter the service of the empire;
but he refused to carry arms against France and, assum-
ing the name and appearance of an English traveller,
journeyed with some risk and slender resources through
Germany and Switzerland. He was almost a penniless
fugitive in the Grisons, when the Duke received a letter
from M. Montesquiou, offering him the situation of pro-
fessor at the College of Reichenau, which—such was the
state of his resources—he gladly accepted, and he was ad-
mitted in October, 1793, in his 22nd year, under the
name of M. Chabaud ; having undergone a rigid exami-
nation without being recognised by any one save M. Jost,
the President of the College, who had been made ac-
quainted with his real character. Here he continued to
teach geography, history, the French and English lan-
guages, and mathematics, for eight months, during which
time he inspired the inhabitants of Richenau with so high
an esteem for his virtues and abilities, that they appointed
him their deputy to the Assembly of Coire. The intelli-
gence of his father's fate overwhelmed him with affliction,
and he was compelled to seek change of scene. He once
more became a wanderer, his whole property being a staff
and a knapsack. He proceeded to Hamburgh, thence to
Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Lapland, and the North
Cape, pushing his travels to within 18 degrees of the
Arctic Pole. Returning to Sweden, he revisited Den-
mark, and reached Hamburgh again in 1796. These
countries he had not merely seen, but minutely examined,
his finances not permitting him to travel in any other
manner than that which alone brings a visitor into inti-
mate communication with the people of the country. At
Hamburgh the French Directory commenced a negotia-
tion with the illustrious exile, in consequence of which
the Duke (then of Orleans) consented to proceed to the
United States, and in September, 1796, he embarked on
board an American trader, and arrived at Philadelphia in
October. He wds soon after joined by his two brothers,
the Duke de Montpensier and the Count Beaujolais.—
Life of Louis Philippe.—[We give in another extract
Lee
particulars of Louis Philippe's departure from
America and subsequent visit to this country as a fugi-
tive exile.]

ARE M ISSIONA RY SOCIETIES LIBERALLY SUPPORTED.
—We are very apt to deceive ourselves, when we look at
the £300,000 or £400,000 now raised in Great Britain for
missions, and fondly hope that all this is the genuine fruit
of faith and piety. Whereas the simple truth is, that a
very large proportion of it is a mere levy on the respect-
ability' of the community, a poll-tax on a religious pro-
fession. A system of collection, a plan of of ganizing and
canvassing the population has been set on foot of late
years, which to former generations was quite unknown.
Five thousand out of our:fifteen thousand clergy, are in-
duced to give their support to the Church Missionary So-
ciety, and to preach collection-sermons,form associations,
&c. It would be strange, indeed, if they could not raise,
on an average, each his £lo—which at once forms an
aggregate of £50,000 per annum. Five thousand Wes-
leyan or Dissenting preachers take the same course, and
raise a similar sum. But let any take a collecting plate,
at the door of one of these churches or chapels, and see
with what reluctance the well-dressed multitudes drop
their shillings, too often from mere shame to " pass the
plate," and he will say, with us, that a large proportion
indeed, of the total realized, is a mere tax upon respecta-
bility and on a profession of religion. And, when viewed
in this light, we have a right to compare it with the means
which the people have at their disposal, which, as we have
seen, cannot be estimated at less than two hundred mil-
lions per annum. A levy of £300,000 or £400,000 per
annum, out of this vast income, is equal to rather less than
a halfpenny in the pound! Contemplate the same fact in
another point of view. A few months back, a plan was
proposed for making a new railway from London to York.
After being offered to the public for a short period, it was
announced that the capital required would be five millions
sterling, and that applications for shares must be sent in
on a certain day. On that day the committee met, and
were able to announce in the next day's papers that the
whole of this vast sum was at once suhscribed. In fact,
far more than the five millions was offered to them, and
that, although this was only one among fifty new railway
schemes, then courting the public attention ! On the
other hand, how is a proposal for the evangelization of
China greeted. So soon as it became known that that
vast empire was open to the gospel, but that the Church
Missionary Society was unable, from the state of its finan-
ces, to make even the slightest effort, an individual came
forward, and setting a noble example, laid down at once
the sum of £6,000 for the maintenance of a missionary in
that country. The committee, thus encouraged, came
before the Christian public with a special appeal. There
were, among its members, many hundreds of persons who
could have made a similar offering, without the sacrifice
of any one of the comforts of life. Not one such has re-
sponded to the call. At the end of the year, the further
sum subscribed for a mission to China, was little more
than fifteen hundred pounds. Fifteen millions,—aye, and
much more than fifteen millions have been " invested"
in railways during the year, and a large propor-
tion of it by professing Christians :—fifteen hundred
pounds is all that can be raised when the evangelization of
China is the object proposed r—Churchman's Monthly
Review.

HORRORS OF WAR.—TARTAR CITY OF CHIN-REAN-
Foo.—Frightful were the scenes witnessed by these men
among the houses and enclosures of the city, as group
after group of whole families lying stiffened in their blood,
within their own homestead, were discovered in the streets
occupied by the Tartar troops and mandarins, so nume
rous and so painfully interesting in their revolting details,
as to impress with deep and lasting horror all who wit-
nessed this happily rare example of the miseries and fero-
cities of war. The bodies of most of the hapless little
children who had fallen sacrifices to the enthusiasm and
mad despair of their parents were found lying within the
houses, and usually within the chambers of the women,
as if each father had a,sembled the whole of his family
before consummating the dreadful massacre; but many
corpses of boys were lying in the streets, amongst those
of horses and soldiers, as if an alarm had spread, and
they had been stabbed while they had been attempting to,
escape from their ruthless parents. In a few instances
these poor little sufferers were found the morning after
the assault, still breathing, the tide of life ebbing slowly
away, as they lay writhing in the agony of a broken spine,
a mode of description so cruel that, but for the most cer-
tain evidence of its reality,. would not be believed. ID
one of the houses the bodies of seven dead and dying per-
sons were found in one room, forming a group which for
loathsome horror was perhaps unequalled. The house
was evidently the abode of a man of some rank and con-
sideration, and the delicate forms and features of the
sufferers denoted them as belonging to the higher order
of Tartars. On the floor, essaying in vain to pat food
with a spoon into the mouths of two young children ex-
tended on a mattress, writhing in the agonies of death,
caused by the dislocation of their spines, sat an old de.
crepit man, weeping bitterly as he listened to the piteous
moans and convulsive breathings of the poor infants,
while his eye wandered over the ghastly relics of mortality
around him. On a bed, near the dying children. lay the
body of a beautiful young woman, her limbs and apparel
arranged as if in sleep. She was cold, and had been long
dead. One arm clasped her neck, over which a silk scarf
was thrown, to conceal the gash in her throat which had
destroyed her life. Near her lay the corpse of a woman
somewhat more advanced in years, stretched on a silk
coverlet, her features distorted, and her eyes open and
fixed, as if she had died by poison or strangulation. There
was no wound upon the body, nor any blood upon her
person or clothes. A dead child, stabbed through the
neck, lay near her ; and in the narrow verandah adjoining
the room were the corpses of two more women, suspended
from the rafters by twisted cloths wound round their necks.
They were both young—one quite a girl ; and her fea-
tures, in spite of the hideous distortion produced by the
mode of her death, retained traces of their original beauty
sufficient to show the lovely mould in which they bad been
cast. From the old man, who appeared by his humble
garb to have been a servant or retainer of the family thus
awfully swept away, nothing could be elicited as to the
mode or authors of their death—nothing but unintelligible
signs of poignant distress. He was made to comprehend
the object of the interring party, and at once testified the
utmost satisfaction and gratitude for their humane inter-
position, assisting to carry the bodies down the staircase
into the court; where a shallow grave having been exca-
vated beneath the pavement, he tenderly placed them in
their sad resting-place ; and having covered them with
clothes, the stone slabs were placed over their remains.
The two dying children shortly afterwards breathed their
last, and were interred beside the grave of their hapless
relatives. The old man remained in the now silent abode
of his lost chief, and was seen, no moree—Lieut. J, Ouch•terionea Chiwesa War.