The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-02-14 00:00:00

LOCAL NEWS

The Infant Sappho, whose performances so highly de-
lighted the people of Liverpool a few weeks since, has had
the honour of performing before the Lord Lieutenant of
Dublin and the Countess De Grey, at Dublin Castle.
FUR LIVERPOOL ASSIZES: THE CALENDAR.—The assizes
will commence in this town on the 25th of next month. The
calendar is likely to prove very heavy. There are in Kirkdale
Gaol, at the present moment, 172 prisoners for trial, in ad-
dition to those out on bail.

MISSES SWAIN'S CONCEaT.-
accomplished townswomen, the Misses Swain, give a con-
cert this evening, when a very great musical treat may be
anticipated, and we draw the attention of those fond of
music to the occasion.
On Saturday a number of gentlemen inspected the beauti-
ful iron pilot-boat the Guide, built by Mr. John Laird. for
the East India Company's service, and lying in the river.
They were highly pleased with her equipments and accom-
modation. She is on the eve of sailing for Calcutta.
ST. SILAS' CHIJACH.—It will be seen from an advertise-
ment that the Lord Bishop of Chester has appointed Friday
next for the consecration of this church. We understand
that the Rev. Hugh M'Neile was specially requested by the
bishop to preach on the occasion ; no doubt, because the
erection of the building is mainly, if not altogether, attribu-
table to the persevering exertions of the reverend gentleman.
The freedom of the Liverpool Underwriters' Rooms has
been unanimously conferred upon Captain Denham, R.N.,
for the prompt and efficient assistance rendered by him to the
Alexander, when on shore in Morecombe Bay, by proceed-
ing to her in person. assisting the master with advice, and
inducing the crew to remain on board, which was the means,
of saving the unfortunate vessel from very serious injury.
We stated, last week, as a remarkable fact, that neither on
Saturday or Sunday had there been an arrival from a foreign
port. We may now state, as a still more remarkable fact,
that there was not a foreign arrival until Friday, when the
packet ship South America arrived from New York. Only
two other vessels have since arrived from foreign ports.
Meanwhile, the railings for foreign ports were extremely
numerous, about 170 vessels having taken their departure
between Sunday and Sunday.
THE WEATHER.—The Liffey steamer, belonging to the
Dublin Steam Company, put into Waterford on Sunday
morning week, at eight o'clock. She left Dublin early on
Friday, for Liverpool, with 61 head of cattle, 52 sheep, and
266 pigs. She made the Dublin lights about eleven o'clock :
the sea was then running mountains high. After attempting
to bear up for Dublin, and failing, she made the Wicklow
Head in three hours,
and Waterford on Sunday morning.
About 20 head of cattle perished from the extreme severity
of the weather.

It will be seen that our

THE ARIADNE.—We noticed last week the loss of this
vessel. She was Liverpool-built and equipped, being con-
structed
by Mr. Laird, and fitted with engines by Mr.
PFawcett. Her armament was two twenty-four-pounder
Pivot guns, made by the latter gentleman, besides small
!Irma : and her draught of water, not exceeding 4 feet 6
uclies. with all on board, rendered her invaluable as an as-
sistant during the late naval operations in China. She was
ted up with water-tight bulkheads, and, had she not been
" equiPPed, would certainly have sunk in a few minutes
after striking the rock.
TRADE TO LIVERPOOL.—The Preston Chronicle, of last
Saturday, says " A fine first-class steamer, called ' The Nel-
r,'
hill,w henceforward, regularly ply between Liverpool,
n Belfst, thus affordiag to our merchants and
townsmen a more ready means of communication with the
north of Ireland than they have yet possessed. Next week
a
Mr.rd Arkwright, we understand, will put the first freight on
boof her, at Liverpool, for Preston, of groceries. and
similar articles beneficial to the town. And we further un-
derstand. that freights of cotton are also expected to be brought
here. Hence, if we are rightly informed, she will load for
Belfast, and likewise return to Liverpool, making Preston in
her way."

LIVERPOOL FEMALE ORPHAN ASYLUM.—We have
Pleasure in directing the notice of our readers to the cere-
mony of laying the first stone of this interesting institution
on Friday next, as advertised. It will, no doubt, be nu-
merously attended. We are informed that it is arranged to
form a procession from the Deaf and Dumb Institution, in
Oxford-street, the use of which has been granted for the
occasion, where the mayor will be met by the clergy and the
children now in the Asylum. As a proof of the favourable
support the Asylum continues to receive, the collection at
St. Jude's Church, on Sunday last, after an eloquent and
.£touching
6d appeal by the Rev. H. M`Neile, amounted to
80 4s. .

DESTROYING FENCES.-At the Police-court, yesterday,
man in the garb of a sailor, named William Romer, was
brought up before Mr. Rushton, charged with having, on
Sunday last, wantonly and wilfully broken down the fence of
some land in Windsor-street, Toxteth-park, belonging to the
Earl of Sefton. The offence was stated by several wit-
nesses, and an agent of the noble earl proved that the da-
mage amounted to about £2. Mr. Rushton said he was de-
termined, as far as possible, to put an end to the practice,
which prevailed to a very great extent on Sundays, of idle
Parties going about committing wilful and wanton damage.
He read the 23d section of the ith and Bth Geo. IV., chap.
30, referring to offences of this kind, which enacts that par-
ties convicted of them are liable to pay the damage, and any
penalty under £5, and for the second offence, imprisonment
to hard labour for any period less than twelve months. The
Prisoner must be convicted in the penalty of 40s. for the
offence, and further pay 40s. for the damage, or in default of
Payment, to be imprisoned for one month.

AMERICANEWS.I steams Cedonia,
which would leaN
ve Bost —The
on onroya mail
the Ist inst., mayhip al
be expected
here to-day or to-morrow. The packet-ship South America,
Captain Bailey, arrived on Friday from New York. She
sailed on the 19th ult., to which day she brings dates, which
are five days in advance of the last arrival. The House of
Representatives had sanctioned the repeal of the Bankrupt
Act by a majority of 140 to 71. During the proceedings, an
indescribable scene of disorder occurred. The interminable
inquiry into the mutiny on board the Somers continued, and
when it was likely to terminate no one could say. The re-
cent disclosures tell against Captain Mackenzie, who is at-
tacked in some of the papers with great severity. It is con-
tended by those who denounce his conduct, that he might
have brought the culprits to New York, and delivered them
to the civil authorities, without involving the safety of the
ship or his own life. His previous discipline, it seems, was
unnecessarily severe. The Garrick had arrived at New York
from this port, with papers to the 15th of December. On
coming through the bay, towed by two steamers, she touched
upon the tail of the West Bank, but was got off without
serious injury by means of lighters.

LIVER THEATRE.—Mrs. Fitzwilliam and Mr. Buckstone
have been re-engaged. The new drama of " My Old Woman,"
under another name, was played with great success last
week. Mrs. Fitzwilliam personated the old:Countess Xenia,
and Mr. Buckstone Michael. Whatever Mrs. Fitzwilliam
attempts she succeeds in rendering highly amusing. Her
personation of old age, however, is not one of her best efforts.
Mr. Buckstone is a highly diverting and lively actor; he
May be termed a complete " remernbrancer," for he con-
stantly awakes recollections of Harley, touches of John
Reeve, and little bits of Keeley—with these for his models
he cannot fail to excite merriment. His Mr. Pettibone, in
the farce of " A Kiss in the Dark," drew forth constant
Peals of laughter. The monopologue of " The Belle of the
Hotel, or. American Sketches," appears a great favourite.
Mrs. Fitzwilliam, as the Belle, assumes a variety of charac-
ters, with extraordinary versatility of talent, and quickness
of change in dress, that to the uninitiated must appear most
Marvellous—in this latter respect Mrs. Fitzwilliam almost
excels Matthews of yore, whose alterations of costume were
surprisingly clever. The Yankee fireman creates a good
laugh, and the song of " Old Rosin the Beau" is certain of
an encore—but we must remark upon the very bad taste—in
the introduction of two silly verses, relating to the Kirkdale
proceedings ; they are out of place ; and though they may
set a " few barren spectators on to laugh," cannot "but make
the judicious grieve." A smart double hornpipe, danced by
two little girls, and a very vulgar comic song, sung by Mr.
Hudspeth, were introduced between the pieces. The dramas
9pear to be produced in the old Liver spirit. Last even-
ing anew drama was brought out, called " The Banished
Star."

IMPROVEMENT, OF THE PORT OF LIVERPOOL—In the
January number of the Nautical Magazine, we find a paper
;,,n the above important subject, from the pen of Mr. W. A.
Brooks, member
of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Mr.
Brooks is at issue with Captain Denham, the late marine
surveyor of this port, both as to the cause of the deposit on
Pluckington Shelf, and the means of remedying the evil.
'-aPt. Denham's plan of a tide-reflecting wall, he argues,
would still retain the evil of a convex shore, and the only
OChange which would take place would be, that the present
annel between the Pluckington Shelf and the Devil's
Bank would be shifted about one hundred fathoms lower
the river ; or, that the lateral current of the ebb would
be merely inclined dless abruptly toards the shore of
nhead, but would be unable tow exert any influencer in
Pmoving the deposit in front of the Liverpool docks. The
lan which Mr. Brooks proposes is, to erect a pier, or groin,
,Miter Dingle Point, extending six hundred yards into the
Wouldm rsY in westerly direction. Such a structure, he says,
effect a rapid alteration in the forms of the Devil's
ii:ank and Garston Sands ; a great deposit would be made
tweeti Dingle Point and Otters' Pool ; and other gre at
en_arnges, which he points out, would be effected. The second
k.
•t auxiliary to the above, would be the extension of the
Roy Rock Ferry two hundred yards into the Mersey. The
united effect of these two piers would be a permanent set of
Bthe current of the ebb along the frontage of the Liverpool
Oc
s, which would sweep away any deposit brought by the
tide. Those who wish to understand Mr. Brooks's
tvlrlo.Pcosal more fully, would do well to refer to the article,
n 1 h is illustrated by a plan of the river, showing the :ionsposi-
, of the piers, the forms of the banks, and the sets of
me currents.

NCR'
atea_TRANSATLANTIC STEAMERS.—The splendid new
colow"si.up Hibernia, intended to run in conjunction with the
Port r",a, Acadia, Britannia, and Caledonia, between. this
titi,
fend Halifax and Boston, arrived here on Thurs.
Glasgow, having made her passage from Greenock
nitlf hltet.cilitriore than sixteen hours. The following description
has been
is from the European Another superb ship
Thou.setn added to the tine fleet of steamers which convey the
the 8 between this port and Boston and Halifax ; vessels,
era .nrPrising uniformity of whose trips has formed a new At, in..esteam navigation, and reduced a passage across the
s g tai during seasons the most unpropitious, to a certainty,
train. rds time, little removed from the arrival of a railway
pwhoThe new vessel is called the Hibernia, commanded
tain Judkins, recently of the Columbia, a fine fellow,
nia a
combines the manners of a gentleman with the frankness
She was built at Greenock, by Messrs. Steele
and Na . 0., and her engines were made by the celebrated Robt.
P.iior,soef Glasgow. Her tonnage is 1,450, and her engines
h The saloon on deck is a magnificent
tricai';e"lient, fortyfeet by nineteen ; height, seven feet six
Prea,„3:°f oak and gold, with twenty panels, each panel re-
able-rng some place in Great Britain or America, remark..
trier .°r Picturesque beauty, historical associations, or corn-
-. •velal greatness. Loch beauty,
Loch Lomond, Glasgow,
ttiolh,eirPool, New York, Dublin, Windsor Castle, Boston, the
ex." ef Burns, at Dumfries. and a variety of other scenes,
ra_rsitely executed. The pantry, which is tastefully and
conveniently arranged, exhibits abundance of silver
certe, ch;__
On "I", crystal, tte. OE the top of the saloon is a spar
Promenade, extending from the stern to the mainmast,
hunt 200
feet in length, with massive brass railing round.
stactelu:dring fore and after cabins, the vessel has, in all, 120
the Th °Gnu of spacious dimensions. Those aft are
.urider
ente-inio saloon where also are the ladies' private cabins,
entering
:from the right of 'the ship, and the gentlemen's
.rom the left. The former is a comfortable, quiet
'lnent, eighteen feet by thirteen, and nine feet high, in
irt..te and gold, with clock, elegant marble chimney piece,
d Irr°r, library, reclining sofas, and every other requisite to
destroy " ennui," and render a sea voyage comfortable. The
bytnewa
private cabin is also very elegant, eighteen feet
ti ten, where a small party can dine, or otherwise amuse
etuselves twenty feet by
Forward is a spacious room,
",,enteen, with state-rooms entering off it, and every con-
vvience. On deck are two smoking-rooms. We ought to
Ztts2,rve, that the cabins, whether saloons or state-rooms, are
oP so as to secue warmth in winter, or ventilation in
-nromer, as the case ma be; and finally, the vessel is so
ilfgel, that she can sail round the world with her sails alone.
sPlendid specimen of maritime architecture, is con-
allotrated the advantages and experience which the spirited
°.,,vvoers have derived from their connection with a fleet of
o`t_eaniers the most successful and popular in the history of
for navigation," We are glad to hear that she will be open
L_cePublic inspection this day and to-morrow, in the Coburg
k, at the charge of one shilling each visitor, the amount
8° Paid to be divided between the Infirmary and Dispensaries
Of the town.

LIVERPOOL ANTI-MONOPOLY ASSOCIATION.—We re-
ceived yesterday a prosy document, entitled, " The Report
of this Society for the year 1843." We gather from the
account current, that the society is in debt to its treasurer
£B4 9s. sd. That the sum of £9l! 15s. has been received
for donations and subscriptions, and from tea parties arid
leetures, and that £lll 2s. 7d. have been expended for
wages, £464 6s. 4d. for printing, &c., £307 is. 6d. for hire
of rooms, &c., and £29 17s. 6d. for travelling expenses.

LARGE IRON DWELLING-HOUSE.—A large iron mansion
has been built by Mr. William Laycock, of Oldhall-street,
in this town, the inventor of a new principle in the .applica-
tion of iron to building purposes. The fabric, which has been
made in separate plates, is now erecting, for the purpose of
public exhibition, previous to its transmission to Africa,
where it will be used as a palace by (Lie of the native kings.
This singular building has three floors, exclusive of an attic.
The basement story is seven feet high; the second, ten feet;
and the third, i❑ which is the grand suite of state apartments,
is twelve feet high. In these his sable majesty will give hi
state audiences. The principal reception room, the presence
chamber, is fifty feet by thirty, and ornamented throughout
in a style of most gorgeous magnificence. To counteract any
annoyance from heat, the inventor has contrived the means
of admitting a current of air, which can be regulated at plea-
sure, to pass through an aperture left between the outer
plate and the inner pannel. The object of the spirited
builder, in throwing it open to the public previous to ship-
ment, is the benefit that may accrue to the public charities of
the town by the payment for inspection, and we would heartily
join in wishing success to Mr. Laycock's project.
BURGLARY.—During the night of Saturday, the public-
house of Mr. Wm. Dyer, at the corner of Lumber-street, was
entered, and robbed of a bag, containing a quantity of cop-
per, a piece of colonial coin, and several other articles. An
entrance had been effected through the window of the back
parlour, which had been forcibly opened wide enough to
admit the body of a man ; and being once there, the thieves,
whoever they were, enjoyed themselves comfortably upon
the good things which the bar contained. One of their ex-
ploits was to make a quantity of rum punch, most of which
they consumed, and another to regale themselves with cigars
and snuff. Mr. Dyer, who retired to bed at one o'clock,
left all safe at that time. The robbery was not discovered
till eight o'clock the next morning. At the Police-court
yesterday, constable Edwards, No. 206, appeared against a
notorious bad character, named William Wilkes, whom he
bad found at half-past four o'clock on Sunday morning con-
cealed in a court in Union-street. He had with him a bag
of money, some lump sugar, lucifer matches, and other arti-
c'eQ, all of which Mr. Dyer identified as his property, and
said they had been taken from his bar. The prisoner, when
called upon for his defence, replied, " I have nothing to say,
but I was drunk on Saturday night." He was committed
for trial at the ensuing assizes.

COUNCIL MEETING.—A special meeting of the council
will he held to-morrow, to take into consideration and to de-
termine upon " a bill for the better protection of property in
the town from fire, the heads of which will be submitted by
the fire committee ;" and a motion by Mr. Councillor Birkett,
" on the subject of the Income Tax, with reference to the
place of appeal as to the new parts of the borough." The
following notice of motion, by Mr. Councillor North, is also
placed on the paper :—" That the Council or the Dock Com-
mittee, or those two bodies conjointly, should provide and
maintain a powerful steam-boat or steam-boats, to be em-
ployed in aid of the present and with additional life-boats,
and with all other necessary and useful apparatus to be
carried by such steam-boat or steam-boats, in the preserva-
tion of life and property (but more especially of life) upon the
occasion of shipwreck or other disaster at sea off this port ;
and that a deputation be appointed to confer with the Dock
Committee or a deputation of that body, with the view of
effecting this object." Mr. North has, however, written a
letter to the Albion, in which he says, " My notice was only
placed on the book on Saturday, and in ignorance, on my
part, that any council was to be held before the usual monthly
one on the Ist of March, when it was, and is my intention to
bring the subject forward."

THE ASSIZES.—The following circular has been addressed
to the legal profession, from the Prothonotary's office, at
Preston, dated Bth February,
_1843 :—" The next assizes at

Lancaster will commence on Saturday, the 25th of February
instant, but no civil business will be taken earlier than Thurs-
day, the 2d of March next : the causes, however, must be
entered at the usual time. The next assizes at Liverpool
will commence on Saturday, the 25th of March next. The
records in causes to be tried at Lancaster, and at issue on or
before Friday, the 10th of February, should be ordered on
that day. The last days for making up issues in time for
trial at the next assizes will be ;—ln causes to be tried at
Lancaster, Thursday, the 16th of February. In causes to
be tried at Liverpool. Thursday, the 16th of March, on which
days the records must be ordered. Eight exclusive days'
notice of trial In all personal actions must be given for the
next assizes in causes at issue in time for trial at the last as-
sizes. The jury process for the trial of causes at Lancaster
will be issued at Preston on Saturday morning, the 25th of
February, and for the trial of causes at Liverpool, on Satur-
day morning, the 25th of March. Rule day before the as-
sizes, Thursday, the 9th of February instant. Rule day after
the assizes, Thursday, the 30th of March next. Declarations
against defendants in gaol on writs of capias must be filed on
or before Tuesday, the 28th of February instant. In pursu-
ance of a rule of court of March assizes, 1842, the causes in-
tended to be tried at Liverpool will be entered in the follow-
ing order :-Ist List—Salford Hundred. 2d List—West
Derby Hundred, or elsewhere. The causes in the second
list will not be called on for trial before Saturday, the Ist
day of April next. The business of the public offices will be
transacted at Preston during the assizes.
ST. GEORGE STEAM PACKET COMPANY.—A meeting of
this company took place at Cork, on Thursday last, when the
mayor took the chair. The great question of discussion arose
on a circular forwarded to all the shareholders within the last
week, of which the follovdng is a copy :
" The directors of the St. George Steam-packet Company
feeling that divided lines are :not so subject to opposition as
undivided, that the public are generally better served, and
that they have not a sufficient number of suitable vessels to
retain the whole of the lines themselves, propose agreeing
with a company to run in conjunction with them on the Cork
and Liverpool line ; for which it is proposed to form a com-
pany, with a capital of £50,000, in 1000 shares of £5O ; £25
only to be called in four instalments of .£6 ss. each—the first
instalment to be paid on the allocation of the shares; the
other calls to depend on the arrangements made with the
shipbuilder, and, if a call be not paid three months after it is
called, such shares to be forfeited and sold for the call, after
which the balance to be handed to the owner ; the share-
holders in Cork in the St. George Steam-packet Company to
have the preference of shares ; and it is now proposed to
build an iron steam-ship, of five to six hundred tons, to have
two engines of 150 horses power each, making together 300
horses ; to have all the new improvements, thereby giving
more capacity on considerably less draught of water ; in-
creasing the speed, simplifying the engines, and making a
considerable saving in the fuel and other expenses of the ves-
sels. I propose gotng to Liverpool next week, and shall feel
obliged if you will inform me if you are inclined to join in
the above, and if so what number of shares I am to put down
for you. I also propose that care shall be taken to arrange
that the shareholders shall not be liable for more than the
amount of their shares. " EBENEZER PIKE."
This gave rise to an animated colloquy, which ended without
any resolution having been come to, the meeting deeming it
more prudent to allow the parties to act of themselves.
Much was also said in reference to those parties who bad not
as yet paid up the call of £5O per share made on them by the
company.

DISTRESSING OCCURRENCE.—An inquest was held on
Friday last, and, by adjournment, on Saturday, to inquire
touching the death of Esther Platt, aged 26, whose body was,
on Thursday last, found in the Brunswick Dock. The de-
ceased recently lived as servant with Mr. Titherington, drug-
gist, Oxford-street. From her appearance it had been sur-
mised, for some time, by her master and mistress, that she
was in the family way. On the evening of the 31st ult. cir-
cumstances occurred which led to a belief that the period of
her acchouchement was approaching. She was again ques-
tioned as to her situation, but, as on previous occasions, she
denied that she was enceinte. Mr. Roche, surgeon, was sent
for, and he questioned her, but she persisted in her state-
ment, attributing her pain to disordered bowels. Mr. Roche
examined her, and ascertained that she was really in the
family way, and near her time. He thought, after the denial
of the fact, that it would be unsafe for her to remain where
she was. She was told that she must either confess her situ-
ation or leave the house. Every attention was promised to
her, and an offer was made to convey her to a place of safety,
where her wants would be properly administered to. She
still persisted in denying that anything unusual was the mat-
ter with her. Mr. Titherington told her she must go, but
desired that she would tell him the truth, and not quit the
house at that untimely hour (one o'clock in the morning.)
She, however, said she would go to her friends. Her wages
were paid, and she quitted the house. She was seen, shortly
after, by police-officers Lowcock and Palmer, at the bottom
of Parliament-street, near some timber. They accosted her,
and told her she was wandering. She replied that she was
not far wrong. They questioned her, but she refused to tell
where she was going, or to give any account of herself. At
length she asked for Stanhope-street, when one of the officers
said, " That shows you were in the wrong way." Stanhope-
street was pointed out to her, and she went in that direction.
Next morning a bonnet and cloak were found at the south-
east corner of Brunswick Dock, lying on the quay. The
bonnet was found by an old man, a lumper, and the cloak by
James Lawson, mate of a vessel. Both articles were handed
to officers of police, and were identified, at the inquest, as
those which the deceased had on. The discovery of these
articles led to a suspicion that a female had been drowned,
and the dock was dragged. It was not till the afternoon of
Thursday last that the body was found. It was conveyed to
the Dead-house. Meanwhile, the girl had been missed and
was sought for by her friends. A Mrs. Fell, who had known
her, recognised the body in the Dead-house, and sent for the
sister of the deceased, who is in service in this town, who
also identified it with the father of the unfortunate girl, who
resides in Prescot. An external examination was made by
Mr. Roche, who found that the deceased was fat advanced in
pregnancy. In the course of the evidence, Mr. Roche said
the deceased would have had time to reach the house of any
friend in Liverpool. The Jury returned a verdict of " Found
drowned.

AN UNSUSPECTED ROBBER.—Yesterday, a man named
Thomas Grice, an omnibus-guard in the employment of Mr.
Eastwood, of the Royal Hotel, Dale-street, was placed at
the bar of the Police-court, before Mr. Rushton, on a charge
of having robbed his master, under peculiar circumstances.
It appeared that, on locking up the bar at night, it has been
customary to leave about 20s. in silver, to be ready in case
of change being wanted the following morning, For some
period portions of this change had been missed, and although
inquiries were instituted, no clue could be discovered to un-
ravel the mystery. At last an expedient was resorted to
which led to the detection of the thief. On Thursday night
last, 255. in half-crowns, shillings, and sixpences,all marked,
were placed in a desk in the bar ; and on Friday morning it
was found that 18s. had disappeared. It was then deter-
mined that the next night a man should be placed in the
bar, so that if the thief made his appearance, he might im-
mediately be detected ; but before the time for that arrived,
the prisoner paid to Mr. Eastwood the money which he had
received during the day for omnibus fares. Mr. Eastwood,
who had the greatest confidence in the man's honesty, was
astonished to find, among the silver paid to him, two of the
half-crowns and one sixpence which he had marked and
placed in the bar the previous night. Without communica-
ting this circumstance, Mr. Eastwood placed this money in
a separate bag, and, as previously arranged, a man remained
in
rtdhaeybnairghtt, the whole
le night;mowbarbut it was not visited. On Sa-
y, the head porter, maintained
a watch in the bar; and at half-past three on Sunday morn-
ing, he heard the prisoner (who had no business whatever
these at that early bow) come ill throug
etheafgreod in
front door,
and go down stairs to the boots, who was engaged
occupation. At twenty minutes past five, Mowbray heard
the door of the bar gently unlocked ; the prisoner entered a
moment afterwards, and he immediately proceeded to the
drawer where the money was kept. Mowbray then pre-
sented his face, on seeing which the prisoner ran off as hard
as he could through the front door, and turninr, the corner
of Dale-street, succeeded, for the time, in making his es-
cape. Mowbray went back to inform his master, who di-
rected information to be given to the police. Soon after-
wards they proceeded, in company with an officer, to the
residence of the prisoner, who made his appearance there,
in a few minutes, dressed in different clothes, and he was
taken into custody. The boots stated that the prisoner came
into the house at the hour stated, and remained with him,
rowan
aonpdeno,naenodf htheeswawaittelries
doing nothing, till about five o'clock ; he then went up stairs
for a box of coal, and the next thing he (the boots) heard
was a great rush;
prisoner running off. The
bench
were examined, and satisfied thethat no money had
the bar-door
the Friday morning, The prisoner
been paid in change on bar-maid
to take his trial at
made no defence ; and he was co
the next sessions.

The Cheshire Foxhounds meet to-morrow (Wednesday),
at Doddington Park ; on Thursday, at Wilksley Village; on
Saturday, at Rivensmere Windmill; on Monday, at Cree-
wood Hall ; on Wednesday, the 22d, at Arley; on Thurs-
da;, the 23,1, at .14utton Pinfeld ; and on Saturday, the 25th,
at 'Booth's Obelisk.

EMI GRNTI ON.—A new feature has presented itself to
notice, in emigration, which must prove highly zulvan-
tageons to all who are about leaving the mother country to
settle in the United Stares or Canada. The house of Fitz-
lio4ll and Walker, of this town, have entered into arrati,g,e-

vents with parties on the other side of the Atlantic, through
whose instrumentality emigrants can be forwarded hundreds
of miles into the interior of the United States and Canada,
without fear of detention or possibility of being plundered
previous to setting off for the place of their destination.
For instance, if a party of emigrants wished to settle at
Chicago, they could pay their entire fare here, and be taken
direct to the spot where they intend to fix their future homes.
This can be done at abaut half the cost that would be incurred
were they to travel on their own responsibility and at their
own risk.

THE FUNDS : SATURDAY EVENING.—At the Stock-Ex-
change the business of the day has not been of an important
nature. The broker for the Commissioners of Savings' Banks
took about £B,OOO Reduced at 94 and this was the chief
operation in the English market. Bank Stock closed 174 to
175 ; Consols for money and accounts, 9,q to j ; Exchequer-
bills, 655. to 675. premium; India Stock, 267 to 267 ; Three-
and-a-Half per Cents. Reduced, 1021 to 4 ; New Three-and-
a-Half per Cents., 101 to 3 ; Long Annuities, 124; India
Bonds, 645. premium ; and South Sea New Annuities, 93g.
The floating securities are rather advancing in price; they
have been influenced by one or two good purchases. In the
foreign market Spanish Actives left off steadily at 19i- to 4 ;
ditto, New, 241 to ; Mexican, 301 to 4 ; Dutch Two-and-a-
Half per Cents., 54a to ; Dutch Five per Cents., 1024 to 3 ;
Danish, 851 to 861; Colombian, 234 to 4; Belgian, 103 to
104. Some bargains in Brazilian and Portuguese raised the
valve of both securities. The latter closed at the high quota-
tion of 384 to 1., and the former at 76 to 77.
PRESERVATION OF LIFE FROM SIIIPWRECK.—In our
advertising columns will be found an announcement of a
pamphlet on this subject, by George Wilkinson, Esq., of
West Derby. We have not had time to consider the state-
ments of the author, as we only received his remarks at a
late hour last night. We perceive, however, that his scheme
principally consists in a recommendation that " at every sea-
port, fishing town, or other marine station, there be formed
a society, having for its immediate object the prevention of
loss of life from shipwreck. That to give full effect to the
humane intentions of such society, there shall be provided
(besides the various apparatus in present use) according to
the size of the place, nature of the coast, &c., a certain num-
ber of life-boats, so constructed, that they may be constantly
employed as fishing-boats, and given in charge, rented, or
otherwise disposed of, to responsiblefishcrmen. Mr. Wil-
kinson gives many reasons why he considers fishermen the
best qualified for the charge, and touches upon several of the
details to be considered by the committee of such society ;
and particularly notices such an adaption to the boats of the
Archimedean screw as would admit of its being wrought by
simple, but powerful mechanism.

BAIL COURT—SATURDAY.
(Middlesex Sittings at Nisi Prins, before Mr. Justice
WicirrmAN and a Special Jury.)
HALL V. HUTCHINSON AND OTHERS.

This was an action to recover compensation in damages for
a breach of contract, the trial of which commenced on Friday
and was concluded this morning.
The Solicitor-General and Mr. Erie appeared for the
plaintiff ; Mr. F. Kelly and Mr. Knowles for the defendants.
The plaintiff was the patentee of an improved piston and
valve, to be used in the construction of steam-engines for
navigation ; and the defendants, who were the directors of
the St. George Steam-Packet Company, bad entered into
two agreements with the plaintiff, respectively dated on the
16th and 18th of April, 1834, whereby they were, upon cer-
tain terms, to be allowed the use of the plaintiff's improve-
ment in the construction of the steam engines to be used in
thirteen specified steam-boats, of a certain specified horse
power, belonging to the company ; but as regarded any
vessels bought or built by the defendants, in additicn to those
specified, they were to pay 20s per annum for every horse
power. Subsequently, new vessels had been bought and built by
the company—the plaintiff's improvement used in the steam-
engines with which they were fitted—and tht present action
was brought to recover, as to those engines, the 20s per an-
num for every horse power. The defence was that the new
vessels were merely substituted for the old vessels named in
the agreements, in which it appeared the improvement could
not be rendered available; and that as the quantity of horse
power was not increased beyond the original amount specified
in the agreement, the plaintiff had no right to claim the 20s.
A question was also raised as to the method of calculating
the horse power, the plaintiff's and defendants' calculations
upon that subject producing different results. In the end,
however, the jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, and the
particular amount of the damages incurred to each of the new
vessels was left to be settled out of court.

In the Court of Queen's Bench, on Saturday, Lord Den-
man gave judgment on a rule which had been obtained by the
notorious Chartist preacher O'Neill, against two Staffordshire
magistrates, for refusing to take bail when he was brought
before them on a charge of sedition. The rule was dis
charged, but the court adjudged that the magistrates must
pay the costs.

PRAISEWORTHY CONDUCT.-Mr. William Whitehe d,
of Chew Cottage, Saddleworth, beceme bankrupt in the year
1826, and his creditors received from his estate only 3s. 7d.
in the pound. His sons, under the firm of R. R. White-
head and Brothers, have since carried on business successfully
at the Royal George Mills, near Manchester; and as a proof
of how worthy they have been of the prosperity which has
followed their honourable industry, they have now intimated
to all the creditors who proved their debts under their father's
bankruptcy, that they will discharge the remainder of those
debts in full on the Ist of March next.
DEBT.—NO man can ever borrow himself out of debt. If
you wish for relief, you must work for it. You must make
more and spend less than you did while you were running in
debt. You must wear home-spun instead of broad-cloth,
drink water instead of champagne, and rise at seven instead
of ten. Industry, frugality, economy—these are the hand-
maids of wealth, and sure source of relief. A doliar earned
is worth ten borrowed, and a dollar saved is better than forty
times its amount in worthless gew-gaw. Try our scheme—
it is much better than to depend upon bank favours, and a
thousand times more honourable than a resort to bankrup
laws.

The British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter professes
to supply, on the authority of one James Boyle, of Ohio, cer-
tain statistics as to the religious opinions and the denomina-
tions to which the slave-holders in America belong. We per-
ceive that the Methodists are estimated to possess 80,000 slaves,
the Baptists 125,000, the Presbyterians 70,000, and the
Campbellites 100,000—malting among the Dissenters, no less
than 375,000. This is no concern of ours. But when the
same authority tells us that the Episcopalians possess 80,000,
we challenge him to prove his statement, and undertake to
deny in loto his figures. We wait his reply, as well as that
of the Reporter. We are enemies to slavery, but we are also
enemies to imposition.—Church and State Gazette.

The Ayrshire, East Indiaman, Capt. Charles Barker, com-
mander, which came into the Thames on:Wednesday, has
brought home a valuable cargo of saltpetre, sugar, rice, rum,
&c., in all 1000 tons, which she is now discharging in the
East India Dock. The Ayrshire carried out from Liverpool
to Sydney 339 emigrants, consisting of men, women, and
children. A short time before the ship reached her destina-
tion, a fever broke out among the emigrants, who were chiefly
Irish and Scotch, and 28 of them died, and their bodies were
committed to the deep. One died while the vessel was in
the quarantine ground at Sydney. The Ayrshire remained
six weeks at Sydney, and when she left, such was the de-
pressed state of the colony, that all the emigrants she landed
were unemployed. From Sydney the Ayrshire proceeded to
Madras, and conveyed a number of sepoys to Moulmein, and
returned to. Madr'as with 700 more. From Madras the yes;
sel went to the Bav of Bengal, where she took in 1000 tons
of rock salt for Calcutta, and at the last named place shipped
her homeward cargo for England. The Ayrshire has been
out 19 months, and has made a very prosperous voyage.
THE CAPTURED CORPSE.—On Tuesday the coroner held
an inquest on this corpse, when the jury found " that the
said Patrick Lane came to his death in a natural way by an
effusion into the brain, causing apoplexy, and not by any
violent means whatever to the knowledge of the said jurors."
Since the discovery of the exhumation of the body, nothing
can exceed the excitement which prevails amongst the humbler
class of the people. The graves of parties buried for months
past have been opened by their friends and relatives within
and for thirty miles around the city. Fitzgerald, the prin-
cipal in the sacrilege, is said to have on him at the present
moment the shirt which was put on the body previous to in-
terment, while his wife, another prisoner, is said to wear the
flannel which formed the shroud. It is supposed that more
than the parties in custody will be prosecuted at the next as-
sizes for robbing the grave, besides heavy penalties attach to
them, under the Anatomy Act, for being concerned in the
illegal transit. It was reported last evening that Fitzgerald's
house, in the parish of Aghabologue,was razed to the ground,
and what it contained in the way of furniture taken out on
the road and burned by the infuriated people.—Cork paper.
A WORD TO THE CLERGY.—Yours is an honourable, but
a responsible post. If the state errs, the church must surely
somehow be in fault. The law which you are appointed to
teach knows no distinction—the poor man and the peer have
equal right to justice. The religion which you teach is to
support the oppressed, while it assures the oppressors that
God's curse is their portion. Be no longer sacred by the
word " politics "—you are God's ambassadors—the poor are
His wards. If you silently permit the oppressors to wrong
the poor, you share their guilt—you more than share their
curse. When the Church of England shall really be " the
poor man's church," as by the constitution she should always
be, if, at the same time, she maintain her connexion with the
state, her clergy will not hesitate to demand and enforce the
exhibition in all our statutes of that obsolete truth, " Chris-
tianity is part and parcel of the laws of England,"—then
poverty will no longer be esteemed a crime, nor will the con-
stant unceasing labour of any be required or demanded to
secure a comfortable maintenance. The body as well as the
soul will then be deemed worthy of' some attention, and
lime will be secured to feed and nourish both.—Oa.vtler's
Fleet Papers.

AN ENGLISH GAMBLER ABROAD.—The Corrrectional
Tribunal of Tours was crowded with nearly all the persons
of consideration of the town, including many ladies, on the
27th and 28th ult., to hear the trial of a young Englishman,
named C—, upon a charge of cheating at cards. Mr. C—
has been residing for some months at Tours, was a member
of the Cercle Anglais, and was received as a visiter at the
Cercle Franquais. In the evening of the 9th ult., being at
the Cafe Fremont, he entered the billiard-room, where some
officers were playing, and was challenged by one of them,
Captain D., to draw balls out of the basket for 100 f., he
who got the highest to be the winner. At first Mr. C—
won the 100 f., but was induced to continue till his winnings
were reduced to 201., and then he wished to retire. Captain
D., however prevailed upon him to remain, and give him his
revenge at ecart& They played, and Mr. C—, having lost
600 f. again wished to return home, but was once more over-
persuaded, and remained. At first he declined playing for
anything more than bowls of punch, but was led on to
resume the play for money, and in the end became a winner
to the amount of 2,240 f. At this point some brother offi-
cers of Captain D. accused Mr. C—of cheating by mark-
king the four kings of the pack which be dealed with, and a
pack, with which it was said he played only two games, was
taken, sealed up, and submitted to six arbitrators, three
named by the French and three by the English circles.
These gentlemen unanimously declared that there was no
proof of the cards having been marked by Mr. C—, and
to put an end to all further question burned the pack. Not-
withstandingthis decision, Mr. C--was indicted for fraud.
t
s
Thirty witnesses were examined. Among them were many
wr
andtu e heldmo ir na—r. C—
previous to December 9, and had hever had the slightest oc-
of
aiibisleigtneisatiomf
osneyvearsatlaortdheerfso,
Mr. C-----was a Coutft, an old superior
officer,morality, family
wearing the
highest estimation,
who came voiuntarily from Paris, and gave the most favour-
and conduct of the accused. Notwithstanding,
nding the Tribunal,
after a deliberation which lasted more than an
into court and delivered a judgement declaring hour,that returned
C—
during the night of December 9, while playing Mr.
with Captain
D—, marked a pack of cards, and therebying
fraud provided for by article 401 of the Penal committed the
and con-
demned him to be imprisoned for two years, ande'
the costs of the Prosecution. Mr. C itn
edtot play all
an-
nounced his intention to appeal to the CO Royalem eur of Blois.
Gazette deg Tribunauxcon:
eiailoft

LIVERPOOL WORKHOUSE-MEETING OF
MAGISTRATES.

At two o'clock, on Friday, a meeting of the borough magis-
trates, convened by circular from the Mayor, was held in
the Council Chamber of the Town-hall, for the purpose of
considering the charges advanced by the Stipendiary Magis-
trate against the state of the Liverpool Workhouse. Nine-
teen magistrates were present—namely, the Mayor, Edward
Rushton, Esq., 'William Potter, Esq., James Aikin, Esq.
William Dixon, Esq., A. Hodgson, Esq., Hugh Hornby,
Esq., Charles llorsfall, Esq., John Holmes, Esq., William
Rathbone, Esq., Richard Houghton, Esq., Richard V.
Yates, Esq., Stanley Percival Esq., Ornierod Heyworth,
Esq., Crawford Logan, Esq., Robert Benn, Esq., Eyre
Evans, Esq., Robert E. Harvey, Esq., and Charles Chalo-
ner, Esq. The MAYOR presided.
The Ma.you, in opening the proceedings, said that, in con-
sequence of certain statements which had appeared in the
newspapers relative to the present system of government in
the Workhouse, he had thought it right, after having first
seen Mr. Adam Hodgson and the Stipendiary Magistrate,
Mr. Edward Rushton, on the subject, to convene the pre-
sent meeting of the magistrates. He concluded by expres-
sing his belief that Mr. Rushton was then prepared to enter
upon the charges, with a view of substantiating what had
already appeared in print.
Mr. ADAM HODGSON then rose, and said he had called
upon the Mayor with a request that he would call the magis-
trates together under the peculiar circumstances in which
they were placed by this investigation. He (Mr. H.) might
just state that a few months ago he happened, in his routine
of attendance at the Police-court, to be upon the bench when
a most revolting and disgraceful case connected with the
burying of paupers came before them, into the particulars of
which, no doubt, Mr. Rushton would by and bye enter.
Probably it was this which led Mr. Rushton to wish that he
(Mr. Hodgson) should be present at the investigation into the
recent charges which he had offered to substantiate in the
presence of the Select Vestry, by unequivocal evidence.
Finding, however, that there was no longer any pro-
bability of the Select Vestry entering into the investiga-
tion, it appeared to himself, as well as to Mr. Rushton, that
the magistrates ought not any longer to be prevented from
assembling and investigating the subject. With regard to
their power to interfere, as magistrates, Mr. Rushton would
state their legal position. By the act of George 111. large
powers connected with workhouses were given to the magis-
trates, and although those powers were modified wherever the
rules and regulations of the Poor-law Commissioners are
in force, they were still sufficiently large to connect the
magistrates closely, and upon this occasion painfully, with
the occurrences that had taken place in the workhouse. The
peculiarity of Mr. Rushton's situation in the Police-court,
where matters of this sort came before him in his daily
routine, might appear to throw the responsibility upon him
in the first instance ; but he (Mr. Hodgson) did not think
they (the magistrates) ought upon that account to shrink
from the duty before them, and let the whole responsibility
of making these charges fall upon Mr. Rushton. He (Mr.
Hodgson) for one should be glad to take his share of the
responsibility, and he was sure so would they all, without
prejudging the case before them. Since he had called upon
the Mayor to request that a meeting of the magistrates
might be assembled, a reply had appeared from the Select
Vestry, in which gentlemen would see that a great many of
the charges were admitted, and some were entirely denied,
but those, he believed, Mr. Rushton was prepared to prove.
There was one little sentence at the close of the reply, which
he thought required the attention of the magistrates, because
it appeared to him to throw upon them a direct charge of
inattention to their duties. The passage was as follows :--
" In conclusion, the Select Vestry take leave to state that
they are, and always will be, most anxious to maintain disci-
pline and good order at the Workhouse ; but it will be in vain
for them to expect that their regulations will be submitted to
by the reckless individuals under their charge, unless they
may rely upon the magistrates of the borough for effective and
cordial co-operation in this very difficult task."
There was no one who read that paragraph who would not
suppose there had been deficiency in the discharge of their
duties upon the part of the magistrates. Now, takii, that
which had gone before, and looking at the facts which had
appeared in the London Ti in es upon the conduct and govern-
ment of the Liverpool Workhouse, he need say no more to
justify his wish that the magistrates might be called together.
Mr. RUSHTON then rose. He said, he certainly felt con-
siderable pain that it should have fallen to his lot to become
a sort of public accuser of any portion of his fellow-townsmen
entrusted with the discharge of very important functions ;
but he knew perfectly well that men who occupied offices like
theirs had only to consult themselves, and to be quite sure
they were within the limits of the jurisdiction which the law
had given them ; it was then their duty to do right, let what
would follow. In order that LIE:: meeting might fully under-
stand the position he occupied with regard to the parochial
authorities of Liverpool, he would give a short narrative of
his knowledge of the Workhouse, by means of which they
would understand how that knowledge had been acquired and
in what it consisted; and he might say, that he should con-
vey this information, without any desire of imputing the
causes of blame to any individual, or of giving pain to any
officer or person employed at the Workhouse. In the dis-
charge of his duty as a magistrate in the month of December,
1841, it came to his knowledge that a man had been found
dead in the streets of Liverpool: that all the property he
possessed had been taken from his person : and that an

attempt to trace his identity had been made in vain. He
was taken to the usual repository for bodies found under such
circumstances : an inquest was held upon him ; and from the
Dead-house he was removed to the Workhouse burial-
ground. The man who had driven the hearse upon the occa-
sion was a pauper, very old, and not very capable of giving
evidence. His attendant was an idiot. It was represented
to Mr. Hodgson and himself, that the deceased was taken in
the clothes in which he died, and put into a coffin which was
too short for him, and the lid of which would not go down;
and that he was buried in the parochial ground without any
funeral rites having been performed. It was further commu-
nicated to them, that, after two days had elapsed, the clergy-
man appointed to perform those rites over the paupers came
and performed the service of the dead over all those who had
been buried in the intermediate time. This circumstance
was communicated to them, where they sat as magistrates,
by the brother of the deceased, a man named M`Turk, an
inhabitant of Sheffield ; and there was something so revolting
in the statement, that Mr. Hodgson and himself declared it
necessary to institute an inquiry. They accordingly sent for
the Governor, and found that the statement was in every par-
ticular true. He (Mr. R.) then thought that all good purposes
would be answered -by aeowliagfor 3.11r.-149wndes, and instruct-
ing him to repair at once to the Rev. Augustus Campbell,
the Chairman of the Board of Guardians, and inform that
gentleman of what had passed. This course was forthwith
adopted, Mr. Hodgson and himself having pledged themselves
that such a state of things should never again occur in Liver-
pool. This led him (Mr. R.) to the Workhouse, where, on
making inquiry, he thought the practice, as he saw it, de-
noted great carelessness in the general management. He ex-
amined into details, and certainly came away dissatisfied with
the institution. Shortly afterwards eighteen or twenty female
inmates were brought before him for disorderly conduct.
He enquired into the circumstances, and then the girls made
certain statements. They had been extremely disorderly,
undoubtedly, and he committed them, under the act of par-
liament, to gaol for twentv-one days. Certain statements
made by these girls led him to institute a further and more
particular personal examination ; he went there again, and he
found the workhouse to be without classification; he found
decent married women, and men, who had survived their
friends and fortunes, forced to associate with the most aban-
doned profligates of the community ; for instance, he saw
himself a girl named Ellen Roche, whom he had repeatedly
committed to gaol, inhabiting the same dwelling with people
of this description. He remonstrated with the Governor.
The Governor said that Roche was violent and disorderly,
and said that she had been placed there in order to keep her
peaceable. He moreover found that the female officers were
mostly paupers, some of whom were feeble and old. In one
part of the building there was a place called a classification-
room, in which robust women were employed at work, and

they had a day-room, a work-room, and a dormitory.' He
went into that plaee, and he found in charge of it a most
decent and respectable woman, whom he should call : her
name was Elizabeth Ashton, and she had the charge of
twenty, thirty, or forty of these females. He asked the
Governor what he had to expect, for there was neither
physical nor moral power to direct such a community,
and that disorders must necessarily occur. The Go-
vernor told him he had represented this state of
things to the Select Vestry time after time, telling them that
the accommodation and the number of officers was totally
inadequate, and his own health would fail (as it had failed)
owing to the arduous nature of his duties which this neglect
forced upon him. While he (Mr. R.) had' been examining
the classification ward in question, the Governor and the
Chaplain were at his side. He hoped the Magistrates would
see the place for themselves, in which case it would be un-
necessary for him to attempt any description of it. While
he had been asking how the females behaved since they had
been liberated from gaol, one of the girls came forward out
of the group, and said it was six weeks since herself and her
companions had come out of prison, and that they had never
since been allowed to go out of the ward, or permitted to go to
church. He appealed at once to the Chaplain, who said that
he was perfectly ignorant of the circumstance, and admitted
that it was very improper. The Governor stood by ; heard
all that passed. Neither of the official organs denied the
truth in his presence, and he certainly came away under the
conviction that it was true ; and he believed now that it was

••••14.6 ILASI •••••,..
true. Having found these things to be accumulating in
this manner, he laid the whole case before the Rev. A.

Campbell, rector of Liverpool, who was chairman of the
parochial board, acquainted him with the want of classification,
and the indiscriminate mixture of the sexes, and told him that
between the male and female wards an established mode of
communication had been made over a wall, the defence of
which originally consisted of glass-bottles, which bottles were
now knocked off and the place covered with sand-stone, and,
according to the evidence of the female, Ashton, that this
communication had been made for the purpose of enabling
the males to go over to the female ward in the night time.
In short, he had laid all the circumstances before the Rector,
and, in addition, some information furnished him by the

Goernor, with respect to the staieOrTe:rea of the house

after night had set in

The MAYOR here said that the Chaplain had just arrived,
and wished to know whether he should be admitted?
Mr. RUSIITON.—By all means.
The MAYOR asked whether the Governor should also be
admitted ?

Mr. RuswroN replied in the affirmative.
The Chaplain, the Governor, Mr. Walker (the parochial
auditor), Mr. Arnold, Mr. Henshaw, and others having here

. ,
entered,
The MAYOR said he had just received a letter from Mr.
Lowndes, stating that the churchwardens would not attend
the meeting, but that if an unproved system could be sug-
gested, they would be happy to receive and recommend it for

adoption by the select vestry.
Mr. RusnToN, in continuation, said, the Rector, when
made aware of all these matters, received the information in
the way in which every well regulated mind ought: he ex-
pressed the greatest sorrow that such a state of things should
exist ; he promised to inquire ; and he did inquire ; for he
(Mr. R.) afterwards received a communication from him, in
which he said that he had laid all he had been told before the
Select Vestry, and that, he hoped, amendments would be
made. From that day to the present, however, nothing had
been done. The thing was in the same state as before. It
was going on now. (um.) lie rested satisfied with the
Rector's communication ; but he was soon painfully con-
vinced that nothing effectual was intended to be done at that
time, for, from the time of the first commitment of which he
had spoken up to that day twelve months, no fewer than one
hundred and seventeen disorderly paupers were sent to him

from the Workhouse to be committed to prison. This fact,
of itself, would be proof sufficient of the bad management
Asylum
who were totally unfit for the in the Workhouse was un-
der existed. Not only was the classification ward under
the care of an old woman, a I nne old woman who walked with
ad
ecrr utthcol i ,
carebu t the
of
f twop
Lunaticao p
duty. The state of that asylum he had also laid before Mr.
Campbell. It was a place which ought not to exist. It con-
sisted of an apartment, with ten or twelve cells, twelve feet
in length by five or six in width: _ln each there was a bed.

In front of the doors there was six or eight feet of agaller)T;
and this was the only place the lunatics had to come out upon.
He had himself seen male and female confined in that asylum,
and, among them, persons in all stages of insanity, from the
incipient to the raving; and it was the more extraordinary
that such a place should have been suffered to exist when
there was as good an asylum as any in England directly
opposite, where all the lunatics belonging to the Workhouse
could be well taken care of, at a difference in the cost of only
ss. a week. All this he had lsid before the parochial autho-

rifles, quietly and privately, most anxious as he had been to
spare public exposure, if good could be done; but yet the Place
was in the same state still. Attached to the classification
ward, and separated from it by a wall, there was a ward called
" The Probationary Ward," in which able-bodied males,
without reference to age, were put to labour. There
was here a large space of open ground where the in-
mates were employed in breaking stone. , A low build-
ing, formerly used as a workshop, ran alongside. In
this the people inhabited and slept. Beds were there. For
certain obvious reasons, he would not enter into particulars
of this matter, but would content himself by saying, that
every man knew it to be essential to good morals and health
that persons should sleep in separate beds, whereas the men
in this ward slept two together. A man of superior talent,
named Clarke, had been placed very improperly among the
inmates of that place. That man would be examined. He
would detail the treatment he had received, and he would,
moreover, state that he had asked for a Bible and was re-
fused it. The Select Vestry denied that this had been done.
He would prove that it was done ; and lie would call the
officer who had been sent for the Bible, and who, if he spoke
the truth, would tell the bench that he had asked for it. He
(Mr. Rushton) had himself searched the ward for a Bible;
he had remonstrated after Clarke had made his complaint;
Bibles were afterwards supplied ; he had seen none before.
(Hear.) He would now read for the magistrates what had
been drawn from him on the 17th of last month. On that
day there were brought before him fifteen paupers from the
Workhouse, consisting of ten women and five men. The
women who had been left to work under a woman feeble
from infirmity, he committed. The men he discharged. He
then felt that the time was coming when some public notice
ought to be taken of this state of things, and he accordingly
sent his compliments to the Select Vestry and Overseers, and
said he should be glad if they would attend at the court.
He also sent for the Governor of the Workhouse. Not one
of the parochial authorities chose to attend, with the excep-
tion of the Governor. The Churchwardens came afterwards,
but upon that occasion he made a statement which found its
way, and he was glad it did, into the London Times. Mr.
Rushton, having read the statement, proceeded to say, that
when it made its appearance in the London Times, it neces-
sarily came under the notice of the poor law commissioners,
who, he believed, communicated with the parochial autho-
rities on the subject. The result was, that a meeting of
the latter body was held to take the charges into considera-
tion. Having heard from a namesake of his own, Mr.
William Rushton, that the meeting in question intended
to draw up a report in denial of the statement he had
advanced, he felt that the Select Vestry were pursuing
a mistaken course in not probing the matter to the bot-
tom ; and he accordingly sent for Mr. Lowndes, and
instructed that gentleman to say, that if the Select Ves-
try entertained any doubt of the statement, he would fully
prove its truth if they would do him the honour to call
at the Sessions-house, any day between the hours of two and
five o'clock. He was the more induced to send this message
he was given to understand that some one had proposed to
the vestry, that he (Mr. R.) should be present, in order that
"he might be covered with shame and dishonour." How-
ever, not having received any answer, on the Monday follow-
ing he wrote to Mr. Lowndes, begging of him again to lay
his statement before the vestry, and requesting an answer;
but, from that day to the present, the vestry had not conde-
scended to write even a line, to seek for his presence or to
ask for his proofs. Fortunately, they had published a report,
and for any man accustomed to the rules of evidences that
report admitted every charge he had advanced. For instance,
the report stated, that the number of inmates amounted to
1800. So much for the crowded state of the house. The next
paragraph stated, that the numbers were accumulating. This
also was corroborative of his statement. The next para-
graph stated, that alterations would be made to effect a more
complete classification, and admitted, that the subject had
been one of great anxiety for several years. Why this
" anxiety," but because of the moral and social evil the
system generated, the wickedness and crime it produced, and
the abandonment of health and comfort of which it was the
fruitful cause ? (Hear.) The following paragraph stated.
that the reason the alterations had not been made long
before was, because of the burdens they would impose on the
parishioners. Had public men, charged with the morals of
the community, and that community the most necessitous,
ever advanced such a reason for the non-performance of their
duty ? He contended that the law in the case was a law of
necessity ; that this was no excuse at all ; and that the very
fact of its admission plainly showed that his statement had
been greatly within the mark. The report then went
on to say, that the contemplated undertakings would cost a
deal of money; that they could not be accomplished without
lapse of time; but that, in the interim, the vestry would
increase the number of stipendiary officers, and attach
several paid females. Why had this not been done
long ago, when the information was communicated by the
stipendiary magistrate of the borough? Why had it been
delayed until publicity, through the medium of the press,
was the only remedy ? Why was it postponed until he had been
compelled to lay the shocking scenes before the public, and
to enunciate, from the bench, that the Gaol should no longer
be made a subsidiary Workhouse of ? The report next re-
ferred to the allegation respecting the refusal of the Bible and
the prevention of the females from public worship, into the
particulars of which he had previously entered; and then the
Vestry spoke of " undivided authority" ; admitted that there
had been a misunderstanding between the Governor and his
Deputy ; and, in conclusion, spoke of the reliance upon the
Magistrates for co-operation in the maintenance of order and
discipline in the house. He contended that the authorities
had always received co-operation, during his time, from the
Magistrates of the borough in every way, and that they never
applied that they did not always receive the most cordial co-
operation, sanction, and support, where sanction and support
could be given them. He had been compelled to notice this
the more particularly, in order to say that, if the paragraph
meant that the Magistrates had not cordially co-operated
with the parochial authorities, it meant that which was in-
correct.—(Hear.) He had himself impressed on all the
authorities, long before that, in order to govern a class of
people :like those in the Workhouse, moral force must he
used ; that there must be a conviction on the minds of the
inmates, that the authorities were using that force for their
good and for their benefit ; that the people should be justly
treated, and in a manner that would conduce to their conve-
nience, their comfort, and their health ; that no cause should
be given them for just complaint ; that the children of people,
who had once occupied stations in life as high as any of those
held by the Magistrates around the present board, were not
to be associated with profligates; and that the notion must
be rooted out of the minds of the poor, that the authorities
over them were neglectful of that which the law entitled them
to receive. He saw something daily of the poor. No man in
the community saw more of them. And he would say this,
that he found them to be a people easly managed. He
believed that there was more charity among them : more
disinterested generosity from the poor to the poor, than
was manifested by any other dais of persons, and that more
sacrifices were made from indigence than were made from
abundance. And yet it was lamentable to think that
there were apartments in the wealthy town of Liverpool,
in which a notorious character lived, and was compelled to
live, with decent married people, because, as was alleged, she
would not 4i quiet elsewhere ; because the Governer had not
had any Orthat healthful assistance which he ought to have
been afforded ; and because the man's health had been broken
d his mind injured by the continued anxiety he had endured
bddre even he (Mr. R.) had made any representation on the
subject. He contended, that the Select Vestry had not ven-
tured to deny any of his statements, with the exception of
two, which two be would call witnesses to prove, and that he
did not believe anything had been dune in the shape of im-
provement. He bad been given to understand, that all those
who were anxious for improvement had been dismissed from
the Select Vestry. Some of them were present, with whom
he was not acquainted, but who had communicated with him
on the subject; one of them was Mr. Mould, another was
Mr. Walker, the parochial auditor. With respect to the
partial denial of the prevailing immorality in the house, which
the report of the Select Vestry contained, when it said that
those acts were only " occasional," he had only to assure the
Bench that they were systematic, that they could not be
avoided, and that of their existence there could be no doubt,
inasmuch as they had been admitted to him by the Governor,
eight months before. Fortunately, Mr. Heywood Jones, the
magistrate, was present at the time the conversation passed,
and, in consequence of being unable to attend the meeting,
had written to him the substance of it from recollection.
Mr. Rushton here read Mr. Jones's letter.
Dear Sir,—l am going out of town to-day, and shall not
be able to attend the meeting of the magistrates. I send
you, enclosed,a statementof what occurred some months ago,
at the Sessions-house, respecting the Workhouse, and have
endeavoured to repeat the general statements to you as well
as I can recollect them ; and, even at this distance of time,
they were so extraordinary that I can venture to affirm that
they are substantially correct.

R. HEYWOOD JONES
Liverpool, February 9, 1843.

TILE STATEMENT

I happened to be on the bench eight or nine months ago,
when some girls were brought up before Mr. Rushton for
assaulting the officers of the Workhouse. I was present
during the examination. The girls were committed to prison
for the offence. After the examination, the governor came
into the magistrates' room, and conversed with Mr. Rushton
some time as to the state of the Workhouse. He made
several statements, which surprised•rne much, as to the im-
morality going on there. I remember, among other things,
that he stated the mothers, and in some instances the grand-
mothers, of the girls that had been brought before us that
morning had been born in the Workhouse. He said that on
Sunday evenings the scenes that had been going on in the
yards were disgusting. *
Mr. Rushton then proceeded to ask whether he had bean
rash or harsh, under circumstances like these, in endeavour-
ing to get the matter quietly reformed, and in endeavouring
to spare himself the pain, and the public the pain and the
shame of learning such staterneuts ? He conceived that he
had done his duty to the parochial board and the feeling of
the town, in having sought the reform with the least ssible
inconvenience in the first instance, and in having sought, at
any rate, that reform afterwards. _He thought the Select
Vestry had not dealt fairly with the public authorities in not
examininz the governor, who could have told them of the
existence of the state of things described. However. al-
though the subject excited him a good deal, he had studied
that neither the subject itself, nor his own position, should
induce him to indulge in any very strong condemnation of
individuals ; and therefore he abstained. He had now laid
before the bench his knowledge of the house. They saw how
it had been acquired ; and, as guardians of the public morals
and laws of the country, it became the magistrates not to let
a single day elapse without instituting those measures which
would prevent this most grievous wrong—this most immoral
and irreligious state of things—from being continued. They
should at once tell the parish of Liverpool that such things
should last no longer, and that the Workhouse should be
made fit for the reception of the poor. Their authority to
do this was beyond all question. They were visitors of the
house ex officio. They were now made acquainted with the
case by one of their own body, much of his knowledge hav-
ing been personally acquired, more of it having been obtained
from the testimony of others; and if they interfered not,
they would be responsible, inasmuch as they were in the same
situation as the parochial authorities themselves. Mr. Rush-
ton having read the depositions of the female, Elizabeth
Ashton, which were taken by the clerk at the Police Court,
and in which she stated that, a fortnight since, the females
had been endeavouring to break a hole in the wall with a
poker, in order to open a communication with the male ward,
contended that this deposition alone showed manifestly that
the objectionable state of things still continued, and that no
remedy had been applied. He asked whether men were fit
to be trusted with the care of human beings who would per-
mit such doings to take place, even after the facts had be-
come publicly notorious through the press? lie concluded
by assuring the meeting that it was his wish the Select Vestry
and the parochial authorities should be represented by legal
Mr. Lowndes the present occasion, and, if necessary, that
authority on should be there to watch the testimony, and
by regretting that none of them had chosen to attend.

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG, the Chaplain of the Workhouse,
here intimated his wish to explain with reference to the
charge of the inmates having got over the wall. He said,
that even if they succeeded in getting over it, they would
have found difficulty afterwards in effecting an entrance into
the Probationary Ward.
The MAYOR thought that the Chaplain's explanations
would be more in place at a subsequent stage of the proceed-

Mr. RUSHTON said, that upon reference to the statement
in the London Times, it would he seen that he had cautiously
abstained from blaming any individual. He blamed the
system. He believed the system was so much fraught with
evil that it was impossible, almost, for either chaplain or
officer to do his duty.
Mr. Anctx questioned whether they, as a bench, would be
doing justice to themselves if they sought to have the mat-
ters which had come before Mr. Rushton confirmed by
testimony.

Mr. RustrtoN said, that if he had himself been cognisant
of all the facts, additional testimony might, perhaps, have
been rendered unnecessary. But he was not cognisant; for
instance, of the alleged prevention of 'the females from
church. He had merely been informed of the circumstance,
and wished to hear evidence on the subject.
Mr. AIKIN still thought that sufficient evidence was before
the bench in the details given by Mr. Rushton, and that the
desired object would be fully accomplished when Mr. Rush-
ton's statement should have gone forth to the public.
Mr. RUSHTON again urged the desirableness of having evi-
dence given with respect to the prevention from church and
the withholding of the Bible ; and after a short conversation,
John Clarke was called and examined. He said that when
he entered the Workhouse, in September last, he was put
into the Probationary Ward, where were three men and four-
teen boys, and where he had been subject to great annoyances,
in consequence of the boys having been in the habit of going
round the beds with fire in their hands, at night, and singing
obscene songs. He applied to the Governor to be removed
into another ward, but the application was refused. He ap-
plied for a Bible to the Chaplain, who promised faithfully
that he should have one, but he never received it. He then
sent Galloway, the officer over him, to the Governor for one,
but be never got it. The inmate in the ward were not al-
lowed to go to Church on Tuesday nights, whereas all the in-
mates in other wards were.
The Rev. Mr. CRAGG said that he had referred the witness
to the Governor for a Bible, because he did not himself keep
Bibles for distribution. At the time the witness applied to
him on the subject, he took it for granted that the man must
have had a Bible in his bedroom. This, subsequently, turned
out to have been the fact, for he had been seen not only read-
ing, but walking about with a Bible under his arm. Evi-
dence to this effect had been given before the Select Vestry.
Mr. Rushton asked why, if there was a Bible in the ward,
the Chaplain had not told the man so when he asked him for
one ?

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG said he took it for granted that the

witness wanted the book, not for his own private use, but as
a gift. There was a rule of the house, that Bibles should not
be given as gifts, except under particular circumstances, such
as, when persons were leaving the house.
Mr. RusllTorr asked whether the witness was going to
leave at the time he made the application?
The Rev. Mr. CI AGG said that he did not know.
Mr. RUSHTON asked whether the Chaplain was prepared
to declare that the day the application was made there was a
Bible in the ward ?
The Rev. Mr. CHACO said he had only the impression that
there was. He did not attend the meeting for the purpose of
advocating anything that was wrong. He assured the bench
that the matter had been fully sifted before the Select Vestry,
and that the witness had been pointed out to him by Gallo-
way as a troublesome person.
Clarke here admitted that there was a Bible in the other

ward, and that there was only one Bible for the use of tfie.
two wards, but he added, that when be had been in the act
of reading that Bible on one occasion, a man of the name of
Carroll came up to him and said, " You yellow b-r, that
Bible belongs to our ward," and then took it out of his hand.
Mr. RATHBONE asked whether the chaplain did not think
it his duty to see whether the man wanted the Bible to read
it or to give it away, or for any other purpose ? He thought
the highly responsible office of chaplain required that he per-
formed his duties diligently and properly.
The Rev. Mr. CRAGG did not think it necessary to have
those remarks made on his character as a clergyman. He
was responsible to his diocesan, the rectors, and the church-
wardens for the manner in which he performed his duties.
His duty had been laid down by the poor-law commissioners,
and he had endeavoured faithfully to discharge it.
Mr. JOSHUA lIENSHAW, a member of the Select Vestry,
stated', that Galloway had informed him he had gotten him-
self into a scrape about the Bible, and that the Governor
would be angry with him, if he acknowledged that he had
asked him for a Bible and was refused it.
Galloway was then called. He stated, that there were
thirty inmates in the ward in which the Bible was said to
have been, and, that when he asked the Governor for a Bi-
ble for Clarke, he had been unable to get it for a few days.
Mr. M'Cummen, Honorary Surgeon to the Workhouse,
said he had seen the statement in the London Times, as
made by Mr. Rushton, and that he believed that statement
to be correct. He was of opinion that the sleeping arrange-
ments between the males and the probationary wards were
decidedly injurious to health, and doubly so on the score of
morality. He had frequently made reports on the state of
the Workhouse, the recommendations of which. in some in-
stances, had been carried into effect, but not in everything.
Elizabeth Ashton, the female pauper, was next examined.
She corroborated the several statements made by Mr.
Rushton as to the prevention of the girls from going to
church, the getting over the wall, and the braking through
the partition with a poker.
Mr. NIGHTINGALE, surgeon, coincided in opinion with
Mr. M'Culloch, that the arrangements of the dormitories,
so far as the male adults were concerned, was objectionab e,
but said that this did not apply to the females to the same
extent.

Mr. MOULD referred to a report which bad been printed,
and signed by the medical officers of the institution, and said
that the facts which had come out in evidence when that re-
port was being prepared were of a disgusting and abominable
nature.

Mr. NIGHTINGALE thought there was sufficient evidence
before the bench to show that immorality prevailed, and that
the cause of that immorality was the total want of classifi-
cation.

Mr. MOULD said, that when the report had been drawn
up, the juvenile paupers were sleeping two and three together
in a bed.

Mr. RUSHTON thought it unnecessary to enter into details,
the more particularly as the existence of the immorality was
admitted. The whole case seemed distinctly to show, that a
total alteration of the dormitories was needed ; and that a
total and entire reform of the whole system had been ren-
dered necessary. He was happy to say, that about a year
and a half before, the Board of Guardians had removed 200
of the children to Low-hill old Workhouse, and that the
change had been full of blessings to them of all kinds.
Mr. WALKER, the Parochial Auditor, expressed his regret
that the schools which were directed to be built at Kirkdale,
and for which money was borrowed, and interest was being
now paid by the parish, had not been commenced last sum-
mer, because, if they had, hundreds of the unfortunate in-
mates might now be there.

All the strangers were here directed to withdraw, with the
exception of

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG, who said he could not possibly be
responsible for the immoralities which had been described,
inasmuch as there existed not any connexion between them
and his duties. He had been at the Workhouse for about
15 months, and he had gone through the building and pointed
out everything to Mr. Rushton. He never was aware of
the immoralities to the extent he had that day heard them
described. He had pointed out the state of the wall to Mr.
Rushton in March last.

The MAYOR.—You were then aware of what had oc-
curred?

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG

—Decidedly

The MAYOR.—Then had you any communication with the
rectors, the churchwardens, or the bishop of the diocese, on
the subject ? Did you tell them that those offences against
morals and religion were going on in the house?

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—I did not think itnecessary to
communicate with any person except the governor. My
duties are distinct. I think the governor is the proper per-
son to look to the internal arrangements. My duty is to
endeavour to stem the vice that is there, to do all I can for
the morals of the people ; and when I hear of anything
improper, I immediately communicate it to the governor,
and my duty is discharged by that communication, or by
communicating it to the vestry or Board of Guardians.
The MAYOR.—Did you mention it to Rector Campbell?
The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—I do not think I did, but I com-
municated it to others. I look upon myself as the instructor
in morals, and keep myself distinct from the management.
I was not aware of the prohibition of the females from
church.

Mr. HARVEY.—Did you communicate to the governor
that parties had been scaling the wall ?
...... _ _

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—the governor communicated it to

Mr. HARVEY.—Did you communicate it to the Select

Vestry ?

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—The governor communicates every
thing of the kind. I hold myself distinct.
Mr. HARVEY.—Did he communicate it?

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—I don't know. It would be very
unfair and unjust that my office should be mixed up with any
arrangements.

Mr. HARVEY.---1 want not to mix up your office with any-
thing; I merely wish to know whether you communicated
it to the Select Vestry ?

The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—It was not my place.
The MAYOR.—Say "Yes" or "No."
The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.—Why, individually I did, but not
generally.
The MAYOR.--NOt officially ?
The Rev. Mr. CRAGG.-1 did not consider it, sir, my
duty.

The MAYOR.—llid it never occur to you that it was your
duty to tell the bishop or the rectors that you had been
called upon to labour among a people who were offending
against morality in this manner, and that it might be pre-
vented by proper classification ?
The Rev. Mr. CRAGG : I never considered it my duty to
do so, unless I was specially called upon to make a statement
as to the moral condition of the poor.
Mr. HODGSON : Suppose these matters came under your
own knowledge, and that you had no doubt of their exis-
tence ; and suppose you had communicated the information
to the governor, that time elapsed, and that the gover-
nor was taking no steps to prevent the evil; then, as a ma-
gistrate, I ask you, would you or would you not have thought
it your duty to take ulterior steps? I would be obliged to
youfor a definite and precise reply to this question. _

- The Rev. Mr. CRAGG: If I did not know that sufficient
means were taken to prevent the evil, I should then take
other means.

Mr. RUSH TON felt it right to say that many of the mem-
bers of the board had always evinced a most anxious desire
to enforce a change, and that Mr. Renshaw had done his
best to alleviate the condition of the inmates. Mr. Rushton
then called attention to the law applicable to the case. and
said the magistrates were empowered to summon the offend-
ing party, where the rules had not been observed, or to cer-
tify at the Quarter Sessions,
Mr. HOUGSOI4 then moved the first resolution, which,
with the others, will be found in our advertising columns.
Upon the motion of Mr. RUSHTON, a vote of thanks was
given to the Mayor; and the meeting was adjourned to Fri-
day, the 10th March.

Mr. Peter Ainsworth has declined to retire from the repre-
sentation of Bolton, as requested by a number of his con-
stituents.

A SLIGHT MISTAKE.--111 the case of Little v. Comyn,
the Dublin Court of Delegates, on Thursday week, pro-
nounced the alleged will of the late Mr. Comyn in favour of
Mrs. Little, a London there arnie, with whom he had re-
sided, to be a forgery, and fabricated to the prejudice of his
own family. This is agreeable news to the friends and
relatives of the deceased, whose family, the very evening be-
fore the judgment, offered Mrs. Little an annuity of £250, a
sum of £3,000 in cash, and payment of her costs, which this
luckless " lady" had the fatuity to reject, and thus has
lost all.

CHURCH RATES.—On Wednesday last,H.J.
Si; Fust,
the Judge of the Arches Court, pronounced an important
judgment on this subject. He observed that it had been
.declared by high authority in the recent Braintree case, both
in the Court of Queen's Bench and in the Exchequer Cham-
ber, that the Ecclesiastical Courts had jurisdiction in suits
for repair of churches, and for enforcing rates made for that
purpose. It was equally indisputable that the duty of the
parishioners to repair the parish-church was a common-lacy
obligation, from which they could not relieve themselves,
and that they might be compelled to discharge that obliga-
tion by ecclesiastical censures. The only question in this
case was whether the citation should set forth generally the
nature and description of the offence imputed to the party.
or should specify all the circumstances. The practice of the
court was, that the citation should set forth the general de-
scription of the offence sufficiently to enable the party to
know what charge he had to meet. Here the defendant was
charged with " and contumaciously" (those words
implying that it had been done in disobedience to a monition
of the court) obstructing the making of a rate, and with
refusing to join in making a "sufficient " rate for the "ne-
cessary" repairs of the church. This amounted to an eccle-
siastical offence, for which any individual parishioner, by
whose obstruction and refusal the duty cast by the law upon
the parish was left unfulfilled, might be proceeded against in
the Ecclesiastical Courts. He therefore overruled the de-
t.endant's protest, and assigned the defendant to appear ab-
holutely.

THEATRE-ROYAL

It will be perceived that Mr. W. J. Hannnot
nounced his intention of taking his benefit on
evening next, when Mr. William Farren and M
will make their appearance in the
destine Marriage," and the farce of
hardly necessary to extol the
either of these two i
well known for us ti

Ledy of