The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-09-01 00:00:00

FOREIGN

AND COLONIAL.

AMERICA

The steamer Hibernia arrived at Liverpool on Friday,
with date.; from the United States to the•lslh instant.
The war with Mexico still continued, and still without
and iinmediate or important results. The president, with
the approval of the Senate, has offered negotiations with
the Mexican government for the restoration of peace
and the ad

_ stment of all questions at issue between the
two countries. Public confidence is not so strong that
this attempt at pacification will prove successful. The
presisleirtsolici:ed of congress an appropriation 012.000,000
dollars, to be used at his discretion in aidi
tion

g the neeocia

The application failed. The use which he intended
to make of it can, of course, only be matter of corjecture.
No further progress has beton made in the active pro-

numbers above 15,000 men, and is steadily, but very
slowly, making its way into the interior. Camargo is still
the farthest point reached by any considerable portion of
the forces, though preparations continue for a march to
Monterey. So far as any enthusiastic intelligence has
reached, no organised opposition is to be expected. Pa-
redes still remains at Mexico. The enthusiasm of the

people in favour of the war, seems from the latest ac-
count= to have flagged, and the hope-is entertained that
the President's mission may •find them dispos-d to open
negociations which shall end in peace. It is supposed
that a large indemnity will be demanded for the expen.e of
the war ;—and that the American executive will offer to
purchase California.
The yellow fever prevails at' Vera Cruz, and has in-
flicted great mortality on the American troops.
Congress adjourned on. the .10th. The Sub-Treasitry
Bill has passed, to take effect on-the Ist of January. The
new Tariff Law goes into operation on the Ist of Decem-
ber. The Warehousing' Bill has become a law, and the
bill has been passed with regard to the transit trade into
Canada.

The potatoe disease threatens to prove dislstrous to the
crop. It is yet too early in the season to judge of its ra-
vages, but they are known to be extensive and severe.

In 'a
review of the session of the Congress, the New
York Cborier and Inquirer has the following respectirg
the Tariff the success which will attend this ef-
fort, conjectures can only be formed. .The bill was passed
in the Senate by the casting vote of the Vice-President,
Mr. Haywood of N.C.. an -administration Senator, hav-
ii•g resigned his seat and not so voting. An election in
his state has since been held,landlias,resulted in the com-
plete triumph of the Whigs. A Whig Senator will there-
fore take his place at the n'xt session. The vote of the
Vice-President, moreover, has given great offence to the
people of his own state, -Pennsylvania, who are almost
unanimous in favour of protection. Elections are also
anon to be held in several of the States for members of
Congress; and although the .new members thus elected
will not take their s. ats until a year from next December,
any marked expression of 'he popular will upon this sub-
ject, would produce a decided effect in the action of the
coming session. The 'Tariff question will be made a pro-
minent point at issue in the elections ; and the general be•
lief is. that the principle of protection will derive a consi-
derable augmentation cf popular strength. The new Ta-
riff, therefore, cannot safely be regarded.

In passing the bill to give the 13-resident two millions of
dolla,s to negotiate with Mexico. the House of Represen-
tatives adopted a clause, by an overwhelming majority,
excluding slavery from California and all other territories
that might be ceded to the Union. Congress has also
prohibited shivery in Oregon for ever, and the prospects
are. that no slave state will hereafter be admitted into the
Ur ion.

The whole of the correspondence relative to the Oregon
treaty, between Messrs. Buchanan and M`Lace, and the
debate thereon during the secret session of the senate, has
been published in the New York Herald. The govern-
ments of the two countries are directly at issue in inter-
preting the clause regulating the navigation of the Colum-
bia, the American wishing the right I,mited to seventeen
years, and on-s that it shoula be perpetual. Mr. Bucha-
nan's last letter to Mr. M`Lane directs him to inform
Lord Aberdeen that the treaty was ratified according to
the American construction of that clause; and he in reply
stated, that as the British understand it, the right is per-
petual. The Herald suggeNts that the best plan of settling
the dispute is to "people the country, chive off the Hud-
son Bay Company, and then insist upon our own con-
struction,"

In Canada, there still prevails considerable agitation on
topics which have been forced into notice by the recent
clmmercial changes in British policy, as well as by the
warehousing and tariff bills of Congress.--A large public
meeting was held at Montreal on the 10th instant, to adopt
measures for carrying on the St. Lawrence and Atlantic
Railroad. It was numerously attended, and committees
were appointed to solicit subscriptions tocarry nu the work.

A Quebec letter, dated August s:b, states'that the ship
Eliz4beth and Sarah, had arrived off the city front
Mini-', after having lost no le,s than 44 of her passengers,
with the captain; the ship, according to the statement,
having been supplied with putrid water.
The steam-ship Caledonia, arrived out at Halifax in
eleven days.

The steam-ship Great Western arrived out at New
York in fifteen days, on the 10th instant. She may be
expected on her return in a few days.