The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-08-01 00:00:00

tittraturr.

VARIETIES.

A PUZZLER.—A few weeks ago, the following persons
-occupied a pew in the Baptist Chapel, at Wainsgate, near
Hebden Bridge, Yorkshire, viz.,—Three mothers, two
grandmothers, one great-grandmother, two daughters,
one granddaughter, one son, one grandson, and'one great
grandson. And yet there were only four persons !
To PRESERVE CHERRIES.—Take large ripe morella
'cherries, weigh them, and to each pound allow a pound of
loaf sugar. Stone the cherries (opening them with IA
sharp quill), and save the juice that comes from them in
the process. As you stone them, throw them into a pan
or tureen, and strew about half the sugar over them, and
let them be in it an hour or two after they are all stoned.
Then put them into a preserving kettle with the remainder
of the sugar and boil and skim them till the fruit is clear
and syrup thick.
RELATIVE PROPORTION OF JEWS.—The comparative
number of Jews to Christians is as follows :—Great Bri-
tain and Ireland, 1-2,076; Sweden and Norway, 1-5.012 ;
Belgium, 1-2,157 ; France, 1-482 ; Denmark, 1-366 ;
Netherlands, 1-61 ; Austrian dominions, 1-57 ; Russia,
including Asiatic Russia, 1-56; in Germany, the propor-
tion h 1.90, but their repartition among the individual
states varies considerably, for while in the kingdom of
Saxony the proportion is 1-1909, in Brunswick it is 1-180;
In Hanover, 1-158 ; in Wurtemburg, 1-149 • in Baden,
1-62 ; in Anhalt-Dessau, 1-37 ; in Hamburgh, 1-22. In
the villages of Prussia the proportion is 1-237 ; in the
cities and towns, 1-26; (in Breslau, 1-16.)
VALUE OF MINERAL PROPERTY.—MineraI property
on the hills, which, when the Monmouthshire canal and
its tramroads were constructed, was only worth ss. an
acre surface rent, soon increased in value to £l5OO an
acre, or more, underground. The area of the Monmouth-
Shire coal field exceeds 89,000 acres, and the various
seams of coal that can be profitably worked are said to
average about 50 feet, which produce a gross yield per
acre of nearly 73,000 tons. The total quantity now
Worked ahnually is estimated at about 2,200,000 tons ; at
Which rate there is a sufficient supply feft for the next
been
Years. The net quantity available for export has
estimated at about 3,000,000,000 tons ! Great Bri-
tain now annually consumes from all her collieries about
21L000,000 tons.
SEA-WEED BREAD.—Sea-Weed bread, or Laver cake, if
not one of the delicacies, is one of the edible curiosities of
the Gower coast. A great sensation was made some years
ago, by a statement that thousands of the peasantry in the
wild west " of Ireland were obliged, for some months in
the year, to live mainly on sea-weed. In Gower and at
Swansea sea-weed is rather a popular article of food.
Women attend Swansea market with baskets of laver
cakes, which are sold at ld. to 2d. each. This weed
(Wm porphyra laciniata) makes an excellent ingredient
in sauce for mutton. It is got close to low-water mark •,
washed well in sea water to free it from sand, then boiled
twelve hours, and seasoned with salt. In winter it is only
necessary to boil it two hours. The weed grows rapidly,
except in winter, and is renewed every other spring tide.
It is also used in several parts of the Scottish coasts and
islands, where it is called sloke or slokum.

MOUNTAIN FARMING IN SOUTH WALES.—The farms
are of vast extent ; we have seen one which was more
than six miles in length, the farmer's dwelling being at
the extreme end, nearest the market town ; the shepherds
and their families, who also look after black cattle and
ponys, which are turned out to pasture about the middle
or end of May, were stationed in three aged farm-houses
of the most primitive sort, two or three miles apart, buried
near water-courses in the d3ep shadows of lonely CW7128,
into which sunbeams never penetrate throughout weary
winters. The simple people rarely emerge into the every-
'day world except at fairs. The farmer had several thou-
sand small ragged sheep—true mountain mutton—a
number of which are snowed up in deep drifts and lost
in winter, but they are wonderfully hardy. One of the
adjoining hills bears the expressive name of Drum yr cira,
" the snowy Ridge." The peasantry live chiefly on oat-
cakes, cheese, and buitermilk ; they have so faint an idea
of growing corn or potatoes, that we have seen heaps of
-manure placed in the middle of brooks, to be swept away
by the first fresh of water.
DR. CHALMERS IN LONDON.—When Dr. Chalmers
first visited London, the hold that he took on the minds
of men was unprecedented. It was a time of strong po-
litical feeling ; but even that was unheeded, and all parties
thronged to hear the Scottish preacher. The very best
judges were not prepared for the display that they heard.
Canning and Wilberforce went together, and got into a
pew near the door. The elder in attendance stood alone
by the pew. Chalmers began in his usual unpromising
way, by stating a few nearly self-evident propositions,
neither in the choicest language nor in the most impres-
sive voice. " If this be all," said Canning to his companion,
"it will never do." Chalmers went on—the shuffling of
the conversation gradually subsided. He got into the
mass of his subject ; his weakness became strength, his
hesitation was turned into energy ; and, bringing the
Whole volume of his mind to bear upon it, he poured forth
!t torrent of the most close and conclusive argument, bril-
liant with all the exuberance of an imagination which
and over all nature for illustrations, and yet managed
a“" aPPlied each of them with the same unerring dexterity,
as if that singly one had been the study of a whole life.
The tartan beats us," said Mr. Canning ; " we have no
preaching like that in England."

SECOND EDITION.

Standard-office, Half-past Nine o'clock.

IMPORTANT FROM IRELAND.
Further Particulars of the Rebellion.

GREAT LOSS OF LIFE.

The following account of the affray between the police
and the rebels is from the Dublin Evening Mail:
When the police arrived within a short distance of Bal.

lingary, they were encountered by Mr. S. O'Brien, at
the head of a body of from 400 to 1000 men. The police
then took possession of a house close at hand, when the
rebel leader, addressing one of the police, summoned the
party to surrender. The policeman, in place of shooting
Mr. O'Brien, went to the part of the building where In-

Spector Trant was at the time, to report the matter to his
commander. Mr. Trant hastened to the spot, but Mr.
O'Brien had taken his departure. Mr. Trent forthwith
ordered his men to fire : the engagement then commenced
and speedily terminated with the defeat of rebels of whom
about eight or ten were killed and several wounded. Dur-
ing the conflict 2 shots were fired at O'Brien, but neither
took effect. One shot killed a rebel at O'Brien's side.
Another party of police under the command of Mr. Cox,
and accompanied by Mr. Ffrench, the stipendiary magis-
trate came up at the instant and fired on the rebels with
considerable effect. The insurgents immediately fled.
18 were killed, and a considerable number wounded. The
police ultimately retired upon Callan, without suffering
any loss whatever. A sergeant of police was caught in
tht rebel camp, and was only liberated on the interference
of Mr. O'Brien. His horse was taken from him, on
which Mr. O'Brien mounted and rode about amongst his
troops in a general's uniform. The horse was then re-
turned to the man, who has since arrived at his post in
safety. He describes the appearance of Mr. O'Brien to
be very miserable, but he is determined never to surren-
der, as he feels his Sate would then be certain.
At Killenaule, a barricade of several huge blocks of
timber, trees, stones, &c., had been erected to arrest the
progress of a party of the Bth Hussars, and it was only
taken down on the officer in command pledging his word
that he had no warrant against Mr. O'Brien. It is thought
that the troops will surround the coal pits, in one of which

• it is believed the rebel leaders are concealed, and so starve
them out.

The train from the South which arrived at Dublin yes-
terday at midday, reports that all was quiet. Mr. O'Brien
• was said to be in Johnstown, county of Kilkenny, and
General Macdonald close at his heels.

A Privy Council was held at the Castle yesterday, when
it was resolved to place under the Crime and Outrage Act,
the counties of Kerry, Wexford, Carlow, Kildare, Wick-
low, Westmeath, Louth, and Queen's County, seven
-more Baronies in Cork County, eight Baronies in King's
`County, and four Baronies in County Cavan.
Yesterday the police entered the haberdashery estab-
lishment of Messrs. Pim and Co., Dublin, and instantly,
10 the consternation of the proprietors, commenced a'
search for arms. The police then enquired for several
Persons and ten answered to their names, who were im-
mediately taken into custody. It appeared from papers
found on thcm, that they had received regular commis-
sions in the rebel army, and were about to leave that very
day to join their leader, Mr. Smith O'Brien. The arms
in their pessession were of course seized.
Three persons have been arrested at Wexford, who were
on their way to Liverpool with several cases of fire-arms
and pikes, which are becoming a drug in the Irish mar-
ket.

Great excitement exists all round the disaffected dis

trict. In the towns scarcely a man is to be seen, though
it is well known that large armed parties are concealed.
From all quarters we hear of the dissolution of the clubs
in the provinces.
Fires burn nightly on all the mountains in the disturbed
locality.

[ERRATUM.]
In our advertisement of the sailing of the Londonderry,
for Sligo, we should have announced it for

TUESDAY, 11 O'CLOCK, EVENING.