The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-08-22 00:00:00

DIED.

Lately, in his 74th pear, CHARLES LANG, Esq., formerly
of Dexenport and Deptford dockyards.

On the 11th July, on his passage home from Mexico, JOHN
HAY ES, son of the late Mr. JOHN ORMANDY, of this town.
On the 15th ult., at Frankfort. of an affection of the lungs
the Baroness A. DE ROTHSCHILD.

(hi 2nd instant, aged 97, Mr. HUGH HUGHES, late o
Stanley-street. Deceasedwas a native of the principality, bu
had resided in this town upwards of half a century.
On the 4th instant, at Riga, in the prime of life, Captain
JOHN LONGAIUIII, of the schooner Curlew. He was well
known in this town as an advocate of teetotalism amongst
seamen.

On the Cth instant, aged 37, Mr. MATTHEW BECK.
On the 7th instant, MARY ELLEN, infant daughter of Mr.
WILLIAM MERCER, licensed victualler, Leeds-street: and,
on the 9th instant, aged 5 years and 3 months, ROBERT, only
son of the above.

same day, after a few days' illness, MARGARET, wife 0
Mr. JOHN CUTHBERT, d St. Vincent-street East.
Same day, aged 31, ELLEN, daughter of Mr. THOMAS
JACKSON, of Wellington-road, Toxteth-park.
On the Bth instant, at Scacombe, Cheshire, Mr. JOSEPU
MOSSOP, estate-agent.

On the 6th instant. aged 77, ELIZABETH, relict of the late
Mr. WILLIAM JESIY, conehmaker, Chester.
Same day, aged 58, Mr. JAMES GAWTHORPE, governor
the York House of Correction. Deceased had been connected
with the superintendence of the above prison for 25 years.
On the 10th instant, aged 20, LUCY MARY, only daughter
of Mr. JOSEPH SMITH, brewer Prescot.
Same day, Mr. HUGH DAVIES, grocer, Llanwrst, Den-
bighshire, son of Mr. T. Davies, farmer, Pen-y-bryn,
Llanddoged. _

Same day, aged 2 veers and 7 months, ELLEN JANE
daughter of Mr. JOHN DUNCAN, of Cleveiand•square.
On the 11th instant, at London, in his 84th year, W. COLE,
Esq., for many years page of the presence and state musician
to his Majesty George IV.
On the 12th instant, at St. John's-wood, aged 80, Sir ROBT.
CHESTER, late master of the ceremonies to the Queen, and
to the three preceding sovereigns.
Seine day, aged 72, MARY, wife of Mr. ELIJAH JOHN-
SON, cabinet maker, Kitchen-street.
Same day, at Tapton-house, Derby-shire, in his 68th year,
GEORGE STEPHENSON, the celebrated enineer. and Knight
of the Order of Leopold. Deceased rose from the humblest
life, his native talent overcoming the obstacles of narrow cir-
cumstances and even confined education. The name of Geo.
Stephenson will live in the history of railroad enterprise and
movement. _

On the 13th instant, aged 3 years and 7 months, AGNES SA-
LISBURY, daughter of Air. 11. SIMPSON, of CaMbridge-
street.

Same day, at Melling, aged 88, PEGGY, relict of Mr. WM.
B.IRN S, farmer, Melling. .
Sa.lie day, at his residence, 253. Bedford-street Toxteth-
park, aged 46 years, Captain JOHN AFFLECK, 'deeply la-
mented.

Same clay, aged 72, JANE, relict of Mr. RALPH SOUTH-
WARD, of Bootle.
Same day, at Glasgow, suddenly, DAVID BUCHANAN, Esq.
editor of the Edinburgh Evening Courant.
Same day, aged 47, Mr. ED. ROBERTS, pilot.
Same day, in St. Paul's-square, aged 14 months, JOHN W.M.
ROSCOE, youngest child of Mr. J. H. SAMM ON D, of the Li-
verpool and London Fire and Life Insurance Company, Water-
street.

Same day at Hattield, near Doncaster, in his COtb year, WM.
PI LK! NG't ON, Esq., F.L.S., F.A.S., formerly of Westminster.
Same day, at the house of Mr. Cameron, Market-place; Pres-
ton, aged 88, Mrs. REAY, relict of the late Mr. Keay, excise-
officer, and mother of Mr. James Reay, secretary of the Liver-
pool Guardian Society for the Protection of Trade. It is a
remarkable fact, that the maternal graralfatller of the deceased,
being King's Advocate for Scotland at the time of the rebellion,
in 1715, joined the rebels, and was taken prisoner at Preston.
He was committed to prison, but was shortly afterwards libe-
rated, and returned home to Inverness with ruined fortune.
His name was John Mackintosh, and he was brother of Briga-
dier Mackintosh, who so greatly distinguished himself at that
time. _

On the 14th instant, MARGARET, dat!ghter V the tate Mr.
NICHOLAS DISTELL.

Same day, in St. George's-hill, Nethertield-road, Everton, in
his 48th year, Mr. John Ellis.
_ _

On the 15th instant; ELIZABETH, wife of Mr. MATTHEW
JEE, of Irvine-street, Edge-hill.
• Same day, at Halewood, aged 5 years, HARRIET, daughter
of Mr. ALEXANDER WHITE.

On the lGtti instant, aged 40. Mr. THOMAS WILLIAMS,
cabinet-maker, late of Silver-street, Copperas-Mil.
SPme day, in Faulkner-street, Mrs. ‘1001)110USE CROMP-
TON.

Same day, in Wellington-road, aged 63, Mr. WM. GERRARD ,
Same day, Mrs. SULLIVAN, of Oxford-street.
Same day, in her It;th year ELLEN, youngest daughter o
Mr. RD. PATCHETT, of Ilebden-bridge, near
Same day, in Faulkland-street, in his &Rh year, Mr. EDWD,
DARBY.
Same dav, of scarlet fever, ELIZA ELLEN, daughter o
JOS. SHAkESHAFT.
_ _ _

Same day, at Wacton, Herefordshire, aged 32, Mr. RICHARD
WARDLOW, cabinet-maker, NVoolton.
Same day, at Hull, in her 60th year, ELIZABETH, relict o f
the late Mr. WM. ALLEN, many years tide-surveyor in her
Majesty's Customs at that port, and formerly of this town.
Same day, at Leeds, in his 82d yetfr, Mr. JOHN CALYERT„
for upwards of sixty years an eminent gunmaker, and proprie-
tor of an interesting collection of natural history and antiqui-
ties, known by the name of Caleert's Museum.
On the 17th instant, aged 65, Mr. OWEN ROBERTS, late
master of No. 3, Pilot-boo.
M'AltY, wife of Mr. THOS. PRESTON ,
Same day, in Everten, aged 77, Mrs. H. STOREY.
of SBamlooemd-asyereeagte,dv„4,6i
o,
dsor.
On the 18th instant, at Wallasey Rectory, MARY STEWART
second daughter of the Rev. Dr. BIRTH.
Same day, at Blaydon Burn, Newcastle-on-Tyne, aged 19,
JOHN ASHLEY PARR, of this town, li,te booking-clerk in the
London and North-Western Railway Company's station, Bir-
mingham.)i the
i9th instant, in Cambridge-street, aged 27, EDMUND
RICH D., third son of the late ROBERT MARSHAL, Esq.
On the 20th instant, aged 16, ELIZA SARAH, daughter o
the late SAMUEL LENUX.
Same day, aged 5 years and 3 months, ADAM, second survi-
ving son of Mr. WILLIAM COWAN, 22, Bloom-street..

LATEST DATES AT LIVERPOOL.
.11irect.lindirecti Direct.l Indirect.
Australia .. .. :April Alma
Bahia June .. jMar::nliam.. July 6
Barhadoes ;July 10i Mauritius Mr.y IS
Bombay i .. ,June 191 Mobile .. 'Aug. 1
B. Ayres .. HMonte Video .. 'June 10
Calcutta 101 New Orleans .. Juiy 30
C. G. hope. .. May 31 New York 8
Charleston . .. Aug. 4 Pernambuco.
.. ~ 2
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Jamaica...... F Valparaiso Al ay 29
La Guavra.. .. June 7,Vera Cr us July 2

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

" J. C."—Mr. Newling, of Bold-street.
Several letters intended for publication, we have been obliged
to withdraw.

Zig Eibtrpoot i,t,tanbarb.

TUESDAY MORNING. AUG. 22, 1848.

THAT Ireland has been for centuries a terra
ncognita to the mass of the British peopl3 is not

at all to be attributed to the want Of writers, or
speakers, anxious to place before us the condition
and characteristics, the complaints and the wants,
of its population. There is no country which has
given a greater amount of employment to the pens
of tourists and descriptive writers. We have had
some hundreds of solutions of the problems of
Irish discontet)t, Irish poverty, and Irish misery;
and yet we remain about as mystified as ever upon
the subject.
We shall, no doubt, now that the crisis of a
ong period of agitation has come, and that Ireland
is about to he, for the fortieth or. fiftieth time,
tranquilized by force, be treated with a host of new
testimony, and be shewn, as clearly as.any thing
Irish can be shewn, the particular points in which
we have erred in our past policy towards Ireland.
The Jouinal of Saturday last treats us with an
instalment of information in the shape of two
letters, addressed from Ireland by a military gen-
tleman and his lady to an eminent merchant in
Liverpool, which contain some really novel views.
The lady's version of things is, indeed, not only
novel but funny. We have been particularly struck
with her opinions as to the state of feeling in the
country, and the lull which has taken place in the
movements of its rebel population. The writer
says :

" The deep and solemn curse the peasantry have pro-
nounced against the produce being exported is not to be
overlooked, and we must pay no attention to any news-
... .

papers who blink that queStfon, and vainly imagine that
the fracas in Tipperary, or Boulogh Common, between
Smith O'Brien, the insurgents, and the police, is the
commencement of the rebellion. It is no such thing, and
never was intended as such. The most formidable class
yet to take the field are shopkeepers and their assistants;
and well they may, for never in my long travels did I re-
side in a country so gifted by nature, and so perverted
through bad laws, absenteeism, and tyrannical church
supremacy."

Ireland is certainly one of the first countries
which ever complained of having a good customer
in its next neighbour. It is a serious grievance with
that most comical people, that Great Britain buys,
and pays for, their grain, their pigs, and their
butter. We ought, it is to be presumed, to go over
and eat them on the spot. The passage, however,
which we have marked in italics, is enough to deter
any one, not possessed of nerves of iron, from so
adventurous an expedition. "The shopkeepers
and their assistants have yet to take the field,"
armed possibly with yardsticks. scissors, daybooks,
or bills of parcels. Messrs. Pym's embryo colonels
and generals in green and gold uniforms, were, it
seems, a premature first instalment.
The grievance of this dangerous shopkeeping
class is a particularly Irish one. Our letter writer
says:--

"And now as to the shopkeepers, who in large and
small towns are stagnating, their customers are not re-
markable for punctuality of payment, and give them no
encouragement to lay in stocks of superior articles ; for,
as all the higher, if not the lesser, gentry pay an annual,
and, too often, a very long visit to England, they supply
themselves in that country with most they require. Ex-
cept in the principal towns, we cannot purchase an article
of every-day use that is not rusty and decayed."

This is really a very sad state of things. We
know not which is the greatest imputation against
the character and doings of John Bull—the fact
that the customers of Irish shopkeepers are not
"remarkable for punctuality of payment," or that
nothing being sold in Ireland except rusty and de-
cayed wares, the gentry resort to shops where they

can he better supplied,
For the first time we learn what repeal of the
union is to effect for Ireland. We are told that—
"A native parliament would restore to Dublin its ori-
ginal prosperity. Her ladyship of Londonderry, whose
routs and balls are so lavishly displayed in one capital,
would be transferred to another, and the Dublin weaver of
tabinet would have an equal chance with the Spitalflelds.
His grace of Devonshire, so redolent of flowers and horti-

culture, generous of entertainment and musical feasts,
would alsa be constrained to lead the way to his coun-
try's welfare. His £BO,OOO per annum he derives from
this country, and which he expends elsewhere (London,
Chiswick, and Chatsworth), might be well bestowed in
encouraging shops in the pining town of Lismore, and
also in that of Dublin."
We are assured that it would be ungallant to
hint that our female letter writer has studied poli-
tical economy without profit. We might, however,
venture to ask the question, whether, in her own
little experience, she has not learned that ladies,
whether marchionesses or more humble persons,
whether living in Dublin or in London, are in the
habit of going to the cheapest markets for their
Bilks and all other commodities.
The concluding portion of the letter is really
cruel; and we pity our contemporary, the London
Times, against whom the fair writer's denunciations
are levelled. She says—
" We had most ignorant remarks in the Times, and the
editor's remarks on Ireland often, in his leading articles,
are flippant, ignorant, incorrect assertions, quite at va-
riance with existing events. It is a paper, until recently,
to which I attached much weight, but I really now throw
1 t down in disgust, it is so very flippant and vituperative
where it ought to conciliate. The battle now is not be-
tween the Celt, and the Saxon, as he affirms ;--it is one
for food and labour on the part of the peasant, and for
employment and business on that of the artizan and shop-
keeper. It is of a too serious nature to be a war of races
as in the feudal times. I will allow that the Orangeman
and Celt hate each other, but they are now antipodes, the
former being in the north of Ireland and the latter in the
south. I have some weeks strongly suspected the editor
of the Times to be an Orangeman, he is so loud against
the O's and Mac's in this rebellion, whereas there are
plenty of English names among them he passes over. 1
fear much_ he fans the_flame of rebellion, and ff I were

not married I would tell him so. It is natural for the
Celtic Irish most cordially to hate his paper, for he never
lets them alone."

Shocking suspicion ! The editor of the Times
an Orangeman ! We wish sincerely that his ac-
cuser was ,not married, that she might cover him
with the shame which ought to follow such an
enormity. We have, however, the satisfaction to
learn, that she now throws down the Times with
disgust, "it is so very. flippant and vituperative,
where it ought to conciliate." Our contemporary
will see the propriety hereafter of speaking in the
most silken terms of Irish turbulence and rebellion
and Irish affairs generally.
By the by, has the Journal been hoaxing the
Public by printing these comical communications,
or has the correspondence been intended for the
columns of Punch ?

IF we were to judge by the somewhat pretentious
airs, which our neighbours in Manchester, and in
the manufacturing districts around, habitually dis-
play, we should be led to the conclusion that, in
visiting their locality, we should be encountering a
community of philosophers ; that, in fact, here was
to be found the social fac simile of Athens in its
best days. A distant reader of the press of Man-
chester, informed weekly of the soirees, the learned
lectures, the numerous and excellent libraries and
reading rooms, in which its inhabitants delight;
and noticing the evident cultivation amongst them
of musical and critical taste, would conclude that
here education was recognised as one of the best
boons which can be conferred upon mankind. As
a natural result of such a conclusion, we should
submit to have dictated to us, from this central
seat of intelligence and refinement, our commercial
policy ; and be ready to pay a proper and respect-
ful deference to the suggestions, continually eman-
ating from it, of changes in our social, our financial,
and even our representative system. A people, so
unapproachable n arts, in literature and in philo-
sophy, we should conclude, could not but be per-
fectly au fait in the framing of constitutions and
systems of government.
Alas, we should err grievously in jumping to
such a conclusion. Admit that in Manchester, as
a centre, there is existing something approaching to
a fair average of the education and ability to be
found amongst large communities, those qualifica-
tions have scarcely radiated at all in the direction of
the surrounding localities, or amongst the labour-
ing classes in the town itself. On every side of the
metropolis of the cotton manufacture are masses of
ignorance dense as the darkness of a Lapland win-
ter. Wealthy communities have sprung up around
it, giving employment and food to a vast population,
and swelling the importance of the great central
mart, which receives their productions; but it can-
not be said that education, and, scarcely, even that
civilization, has followed the track of wealth and en-
terprise. The suburban townships of Manchester,
and the small manufacturing towns of Lancashire,
contain society of the rudest order; whilst the

working population of the manufacturing villages
throughout the county remain sunk in a state of ig-
norance little short of brutality.
The fact is almost an acknowledged one, that
manufacturing wealth has lamentably failed in its
duty to those by whose toil it has been created. It
has seated little communities upon every available
water course, by the banks of our canals and in the
neighbourhood of our coal fields ; crowded them in
confined dwellings, and exacted froth them, almost
from infancy, the incessant round of daily toil,
which has left no interval available for the cultiva-
tion and improvement of either their minds or their
hearts; and here it has stopped. The communities
thus drawn together have been left without chart or
compass to guide them; with the spectacle only of
the wealth achieved for others by the wear and tear
of their own energies, to sour their tempers and di-
rect their untrained ideas to schemes of retaliation
and social revolution. No educational. provision,
worthy of the name, has been provided for the
.;
young in these communities ; neither, had such
been provided, have opportunity and leisure been
allowed them to embrace such provision. The re-
sult is a natural one. The demagogue or the in-
cendiary has possessed himself of the sympathies of
these miserably deserted minds. They have been
easily absorbed in the vortex of political agitation,
which has been the more to their taste the more vio-
lent and insane it has been.

A lamentable instance of this disposition amongst
an uncultivated portion of our manufacturing po-
pulation has occurred during the past week. We
refer to the recent Chartist outbreak, accompanied
by deliberate and cold-blooded murder, which has
occurred at Ashton-under-Lyne. In the neigh-
bourhood of that town, co►nprising the adjacent
places of Stalybridge, Duckenfield, and Hyde,
there is probably to be found a greater amount of
realised wealth than in any similar district in Great
Britain, or in the world. Yet, in no other district
is the social condition more deplorable, more vici-
ously unbalanced and dangerous. With the excep-
tion of a small shop-keeping class, there is no in-
termediate body between the wealthy millowner and
the operative population ; and the latter are, with
very rare exceptions, both ignorant and demoral-
ized. For years this neighbourhood was the
stronghold of the Joanna Southcote imposture ;
and Chartism, which succeeded the fanaticism of
this impious sect, has been nowhere more violent
in its proceedings, or unscrupulous as to the wea-
pons of which it has made use.
The circumstances of the recent attempted out-
break will be found in another place; and it will
he admitted that they were characterized by an
amount of brutal ignorance unparallelled, unless,
perhaps, amongst the repeal peasantry of Ireland.
The population has shown itself to have been armed
as in Ireland, both pikes and muskets being sup-
plied in abundance, and, where they were not to he
had, other dangerous weapons, scythes and ham-
mers, being substituted. The object of the out-
break was to carry the charter. How ? By march-
ing upon Manchester, burning factories, and ar-
resting the industry of the entire district. What
other than mad or unreasoning men would think
of such a mode of convincing the legislature and
their fellow-countrymen of their fitness to exercise
the elective franchise, and to wield political power?
What other than a population, scarcely removed in
intellect and morals above the condition of savages,
could be brought to listen to the ruffianly prompt-
ings of the demagogues, by whom so criminal and
insensate a course was dictated ? We seek in vain
for a parallel case, unless it is to be found amongst
the thieves and desperadoes of the metropolis,
driven to want and to outrage as the consequences
of their own multiplied and habitual crime. These
men live in the centre of enterprise and of ade-
quately rewarded industry. Unlike the Irish pea-
santry, they are, on the average of years, in posses-
sion of employment adequate to the supply of their
moderate wants, as working people. Compared
even with our own agricultural population, they
have nothing, connected with their bodily wants, to
complain of, the income of a family amongst them
being double or even treble that of an agricultural
labourer's family. To their want of educational
and moral culture, alone, can we attribute their
seditious violence and their debased social condi-
tion.

Glance for a moment at the savage crime with
which they crowned, or rather commenced, their
happily frustrated outbreak. A mob of these vil-
lains, armed with pikes, pistols, and other weapons,
met with a poor fellow—a policeman—alone, pa-
trolling his beat at the dead of night. There was
no effort made by him either to arrest any of them
or to give the alarm. The only words be spoke to
them were a request that they would not injure
him • and the main body went away, leaving him
in the hands of two or three persons. By one of
these he was shortly afterwards run through the
thigh with a pike; and another consummated the
horrible crime by deliberately shooting him in the
breast. A more cowardly murder was perhaps
never perpetrated. It was the cold-blooded act of
fiends rather than of men. To all outward ap-
pearance, it was a crime without a pretext ; but
circumstances have transpired which tend to show
that it was preconcerted, although the doom fell
by mistake upon an unoffending man. The poor
policeman, thus murdered, was mistaken for a
brother officer, who had given evidence against a
Chartist demagogue—an offence in the eyes of
these brutalized and ignorant aspirants to the pos-
session of the suffrage which, it appears, is regarded
in their sanguinary code of laws as worthy of
death ! What can there be worse than such a state
of things in Tipperary itself?
It is worthy of remark that the hulk of the ,
would-be insurgents on this, as on all recent occa-
sions of outbreak, were young men and lads—the
rising generation (!) of this wealthy district. On
whose souls, we ask, ought to rest the onus and
opprobrium of their demoralised state ? Upon
those of the millowners themselves, who, whilst
amassing money from their toil, have neglected to
make any provision for their education or their
social and moral improvement ; who have seen
them grow up in ignorance and graduate in crime,
without raising a hand to snatch them from the
perdition towards which they were, but too easily,
being led by the incendiary demagogues who are
ever to be found in such localities, fattening in
turbulent idleness upon the toil and the folly of
their wretched dupes. But has the Government
and the Church itself nothing to answer for here?
In this and in all similar districts the population
has far outgrown the means provided for its moral
and spiritual instruction, even with the valuable
assistance of the Pastoral Aid and other kindred
Societies ; and the efforts of voluntaryism and dis-
sent have proved them miserably incompetent to
effect any sensible good, if even the latter has not
done positive evil, by proposing the spread of
fanaticism in the place of true Christianity. The
state of our manufacturing districts, as here evi-
denced, must surely, after a while, bring home to
the consciences of statesmen, and of the selfish
wealthy of this money-grubbing world, that their
utter neglect of such communities is not only cri-
minal but dangerous as well. Let the Premier,
and any half-dozen of those " liberal" friends of
his, who object to all State aid for the promotion
of religious education and teaching amongst the
people, spend a week incognito in the filthy cot-
tages, the beershops, or in the streets of Ashton,
Stalybridge, and Hyde; and we venture to say
that they will return shocked and startled at the
amount of ignorance, heathenism, and vice, which
their visit will disclose to them.

We are glad to perceive that the Rev. Daniel Foley,
the eloquent and faithful clergyman who spoke at the
Irish Meeting, last night, is to preach at St. Michael's on
Wednesday evening (to - morrow. ) Mr. Foley was formerly a
member of the Church of Rome, and is now one of the
ablest champions of Protestantism in our Church.
We understand that Mr. Chadwick—the government
inspector under Lord Morpeth's health bill—is at present
in Liverpool, for the purpose of making enquiries into the
state of the town, with special reference to that bill. In
all probability the Rivington Pike Water scheme will be
brought under his notice.
AN IMPOSTOR.—Yesterday a cunning old vagrant from
" Erin's Isle," appeared before Mr. Rushton, charged
with extorting money by simulating illness. He was
seen to go and sit on the steps of one of the hotels in
Dale-street, and when a gentleman made his appearance
he pretended to faint ; this naturally excited compassion,
and the prisoner was relieved. The fellow then repeated
the same trick at other hotels. He was discharged on
promising to go to Ireland.
NEW ORLEANS ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS.—These ce-
lebrated melodists are announced to give their entertain-
ment, at the Concert Hall, Lord Nelson-street, every
evening during the present week, prior to their departing
for the United States, their native place. On many occa-
sions since their debut in this country they have afforded
us great delight ; and we trust they will be gratified by the
attendance of a crowded audience, and experience a sub-
stantial benefit, as a parting reward for their exertions in
providing for the public amusement. We wish them a
safe passage to the " Far West."—See advt.