The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-04-01 00:00:00

INSANITY.—In 72 most recent dissections at Bethle-
hem Hospital, performed by Mr. Lawrence, the brain
was found to have undergone some structural alteration. (From the Dublin Statesman.)
In 400 dissections made by Mr. Davidson at the County I We need scarcely request our readers' attention to a
Lancaster Lunatic Asylum, the brain was invariably short, conversation between Sir Robert Peel and Sir R.H.found disorganized. M.M. Foville and Delaye had paid Inglis in the House of Commons, which appears to us to
more attention than perhaps any other two morbid
wsthiciehofsitrheßapblaeurstipbeleelbeulatp_htorlalpoiw
tomists to this subject ; and they state that they.
r e teetne eminently
l fairness,chcharacteristic
b
haveana- p
be
always been able to detect organic changes in the brain cally covers the subcutaneous venom of his pro-popish
after death, principally in the cortical or gray part, which
schemes. Having dealt in other articles with the princi-
was frequently found to be of an intensely red colour, re-
plc of the increased grant, and of the permanent tooting
sembling erysipelas. If the gray substance in these cases proposed to be given to that increased grant by the new
be dexterously pared, and very thin slices of it cut off, so bill scheme, we only now advert to the point so plausibly,
as not to lay bare the white part of the brain, a preterna- and yet so hypocritically and dishonestly put by the pre-
tural redness, varying from tint of red to lilac colour, will I mier in the following conversation :
be seen. In some cases of acute mania, the brain will be " Sir R. Inglis.—l refer to the regium donum, and the grants
found of a marble appearance, in which patches of still to Presbyterians in Scotland.
deeper red hue and of preternatural softness are detected. "Sir Sir It. Peel.---If my hon. friend wishes these cases placed on
Medical Times. a permanent footing let him make that proposition. From the
high respect in which I hold the Protestant Presbyte,ian body
in Ireland I am not prepared to say that I will resist his propo.
AMBULATING PENNY-A.LINERS.—Sorne penny-a-
liners have circuits as extensive as the judges, and tra- sition.
verse periodically a certain district, narrating, in default " Sir R. Inglis.—l have no such intention ; and if any mem-
of crimes and misfortunes, the details of parish squabbles, ber shall make such a proposition I will vote against it. (A
local elections, the appearance of the crops—anything la.u,gshi
rR. Peel.—Then I think it hardly fair to raise a prejudice. )
that appears to them of sufficient public interest to war-
against my proposal wall refe ence to May. ooth by implying
rant a paragraph. In some districts the travelling penny- that I would leave Protestant institutions on a lees permanent
a-liner passes for a very great man, and receives no small footing." (Cheers.)
attention, with good fare and free quarters, from inn and Now, what is the fact which Sir R. Peel, with such a
hotel keepers., from the hope that some day, in the superfluously majestic air of indignant and unassaulted
Times or Morning Chronicle, he will say a good word virtue thus disguises? He does propose and does give no-
for the excellence of his accommodation, and the urbanity tice of his proposal to establish permanently the Popish
and good wines of the host—en expectation which the grant, and he does not propose to establish permanently
obscure penny-a-liner but rarely has an opportunity of the Presbyterian. He, pre ends that if Sir R. Inglis were
fulfilling. He is also a person of some consequence with to make such a proposition he Peel could not oppose it.
police-inspectors, whom he may have occasion in a future This appears to us to be a mixed piece of malignant craft,
paragraph to designate as " zealous and active officers." insult, and falsehood. He knows well that the principles
Nor is this consideration less with parish orators; for if of Sir R. Inglis would not lead him to make the proposi-
he cannot repeat their eloquence in full, he can manse to fion, and be therefore strives to render Sir R. Inglis un-
say in print that they delivered "able speeches,' and popular with the Presbyterians, and so to divide the Pro-
that they were " loudly and repeatedly cheered." If the testant unity against the Popish scheme. Why was there
penny-a-liner of this kind have any faults besides his ver- not some man of power in the house to tear the hollow
bosity, it is his impudence. He has no scruples. A pri- web of this arch hypocrisy to shreds ? Sir R. Peel pro-
vate house is not private to him ; he lives by narrating tests against the unfairness of implying that he would
incidents, and incidents he will have, at whatever sacri- leave Protestant institutions on a less permanent footing
fice. It has happened ere this that the penny-a-liner has than popish ones. The answer is—Sir, you do leave them
been ducked under a pump for his impertinent prying ; so. You may pretend what you like, and you may here-
that he has been left on a mud-bank by the indignant after patch up your present pretence by making the regium
boatman, for obtruding himself on the privacy of distin- donum a permanent thing ; but up to this period you have
guished or royal personages in their own barge; and suf- not proposed to do by that Protestant institution what
fered various other like mishaps and indignities in the you have proposed to do by the abominable Maynooth
" pursuit of knowledge under difficulties." Nay, the nuisance-
penny-a-liner has been known to suffer indignity with a
willing mind, and even with delight, if it would aid him to
write a report for the morning iournals which no rival
penny-a-liner could have the opportunity of supplying.
He has been known to put on the livery of a great family,
and wait upon the guests at table, napkin in hand, like
any other footman, that be might gather the names of
the distinguished guests, and describe their rich banquet
next morning in the columns of all the journals. And
when he could not do this by the connivance of the great
man pimself, lie has bribed the butler, and been admitted
as an extra hand for the extraordinary occasion.
SAILING ON THE NILE.—" When, towards evening, the
mist cleared away, the sky assumed that bright cerulean
tint, which generally distinguishes it in those latitudes ;
and the Nile, unruffled by the slightest breeze, presented
to the eye a vast mirror, beautifully reflecting the over-
hanging mountains, pale and blushing in the light of the
setting sun. This noble scene was succeeded by another,
still more serene and beautiful ;—the same landscape,
painted in new colours by the moon. It is extraordinary
that the ancient Egyptians should have been a quaint un-
poetical people, as nature, however calm and regular has
crowded together, in the land they inhabited, all those
physical sources of enthusiasm which are supposed to
concur in kindling the fire of genius. The vast naked
rocks of the Arabian chain, which, but for a few minutes
before, had been glowing in the setting sun, now stood
like pale spectres in the moonlight ; their bald and
ghastly brow resembling that of a skeleton ; while the
river, broad, tranquil, of a deep azure tint, glittering with
the bright images of the moon's sharp crescent and a
thousand resplendent stars, displayed a still softer beauty
than by day. In many places the shadows of the moun-
tains threw their huge masses over its unruffled bosom ;
and on the opposite side, the low level shore, scarcely
elevated above the waters, gave rise to a kind of illusion,
the mighty river appearing to stretch away indefinitely
towards the west, where every group of date palms or
mimosas, upon the plain, seemed to mark the site of some
higher island rising in the midst of the waters. But no
powers of language can ever embody the surpassing splen-
dour of this scene, or. perhaps, succeed in creating the
belief that Egypt contains a picturesque landscape ;
though, for my own part, I have seldom been more pow-
erfully affected by scenes of acknowledged magnificence ;
in the mountains of Sicily ; in the beautiful valleys of the
Apennines; or among the naked Alps of the upper Valais.
It will, in fact, be conceded, that the effect of moonlight,
falling upon a wilderness of white crags and pinnacles,
with innumerable gorges, ravines, hollows, chasms, and
cavern mouths, wrapped in deep shadow, partly conceal-
ing them from the eye, and giving rise to mysterious con-
jectures respecting their forms, is, in the highest degree,
startling ; as those who have traversed by night any of the
loftier Alpine ridges will certainly have remarked. But,
in Egypt, the historical, and, still more, the mythologi-
cal associations, clinging to every scene, especially when
the mute figures of gods look down upon you from the
walls. and cavern mouth• and ruins, augment, in a won-
derful manner, the effect of the natural scenery, and give
rise in the mind to emotions which it would be difficult
to describe. To enjoy this magnificent prospect, I sat
under an awning on the deck, till the cold of the advanc- 1
ing night compelled me to retreat into my cabin."
Library of Travel

PEEL AND PRESBYTERIANS

SOUTH SEA WHALE FISHERIES.

The present state of the South Sea Fisheries bas indu-
ced a correspondent to address a few remarks on the sub-
ject, in the hope, it would appear, that Government atten-
tion may be drawn thereto. According to the facts he
furnishes, a few years ago, out of the port. of London
alone, at least 60 ships or barques were employed in that
trade, but at present not more than nine are engaged. He
says it was the policy for years of successive governments
to give, even by bounty, every possible encouragement to
this really valuable branch of our commerce, as it was
found to be infinitely the best nursery for seamen of the
royal navy, and long continued to furnish first-rate sai-
lors to our ships of war. The consequence was the em-
barkation of a large amount of capital in the business, and
the supply of oil, hone, &c. was very great, though not
more than equal to the demand. Under the present po-
licy of government, the greater part of this money has
been withdrawn, and, besides allowing the Americans to
run away with our fisheries, we are not only paying them
£250,000 per annum for oil, but have raised the price to
ourselves from £6O to £9O per ton. The French of late,
our correspondent alleges, have been directing their atten-
tion very much to this source of mercantile enterprise, no
doubt. he says, in pert with the view of improving their
marine; while our own colonies in the East are likewise
endeavouring to participate in the advantages which the
same pursuit offers. Without the government takes some
ready steps to arrest the decline of the trade by recourse
to a bounty for a season, and thus enable our shipping in-
terest to regain its lost ground, he expresses a perfect
conviction that we shall lose it altogether.
Applicable to the same subject are some statistics which
we extract from an American paper called The Whale-
man's Shipping List. These show that in the Amerizan
whale trade, from the Ist of January, 1844, to the Ist of
January, 1845, 199 ships and barques, 23 brigs, and 16
schooners and sloops, were employed, and that the pro-
duct of their voyages were 139,594 barrels of sperm,
262,047 barrels of whale, and 2,582,4451 b. of whalebone.
A statement of imposts of sperm and whale oil from
1838 to 1845 exhibits the fact that the trade has been very
steady, and increases in importance. In 1839, 1842, and
1843, the receipts were exceedingly large. In the first
named year the imports of sperm reached 142,336 barrels,
and of whale 299,783 barrels; and in the last named year
the imports of sperm amounted to 166,958 barrels, and of
whale 206,727 barrels. For 1844 the return gave the
quantity of sperm as 139,594 barrels, and of whale as
262,047 barrels. The uncertainty of the sperm whale
fishery in the Pacific, and the meagre accounts yet received
from the north-west fleet of right whalers, rendered it im-
possible at the date of these advices to form an estimate
with any degree of accuracy of the quantity of sperm and
whale oil to arrive in 1845. It is stated that of the vessels
which sailed from the United States in 1842 for the In-
dian and Pacific Oceans, 54 were sperm whalers, arid 130
right whalers. In 1813 there sailed 66 sperm whalers,
and 147 right whalers. In 1814 there sailed 63 sperm
whalers, and 177 right whalers ; so that if there was a
falling off on one hand, there was an increase on the other.
In addition to these, there were 51 small barques, brigs,
and schooners engaged in the fishery, which cruise exclu-
sively in the Atlantic, and make their voyage in eight to
sixteen months.—Times.

LONDON MARKETS

MARK-LANE CORN EXCHANGE

At this day's market the supply of English Wheat was only
moderate. The improvement which we noted this day week
was supported for fine qualities, but there was less firmness for
other descriptions. Free foreign in limited request, without
change i❑ value There was an inquiry for bonded for exporta-
tion, but no actual sales were spoken of. This completely pa-
ralysed the market. Ths offers received were fully Is. per
quarter under last Monday's rates, which factors generally re-
fused, and only retail sales could be made, at prices in favour
of the buyer.

CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASURE.
Wheat, Essex and Kent. a. d. a. d
Red
White
Norfolk and Lincoln, red
White .
Irish, red
White —
_

Rye, old . ,
New

30 0 -- 34 0
35 0-36 0
27 0 —• co 0
33 0-35 0
36 0— 00 0
58 0 -- f 3 0
56 0 6o 0
60 0 00 0
64 0 65 0
22 0 23 0
23 0 24 0
20 0-22 0
21 0-23 0
22 0 23 0
34 0-36 0
38 0-39 0
34 0 -- 36 0
35 0 —36 0
33 0 -- 35 0
36 0 -- 38 0
42 0-00 0
33 0-33 0
33 0-35 0

Barley, Grinding
Malting
Chevalier
Malt, Suffolk and Norfolk
Brown

Kingston and Ware
'hevalier
Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, feed
Potatoe
Youghall and Cork, black
Cork, white
Scotch, feed

Beans, tick

Pigeons
Pease, Grey ....
Maple
White
Boilers
Flour, town made
Suffolk
Stockton and Norfolk.
FOREIGN GRAIN AND FLOUR IN BOND.
Wheat, Dantzic..
Hamburg
20 0 —24 0
17 0 18 0
15 n 17 0
24 0-29
28 0 32 0
18 0

Elarley
Oats, new

Flour, American
Baltic ....

FRIDAY, March 28.
There has been, in the course of the present week, large ar-
rivals of grain to the market, principally English Wheat and
Irish Oats. Of the former the quantity reported exceeds I 1,000
quarters, and of the latter 55,00., quarters. The change expe-
rienced recently to fine spring weather has had the tendency
to make the trade dull, awl also to check advancing prices.
Wheats arc t'-day in very moderate demand, and Barley also
fine's but a limited sale ; neither of these two descriptions of
grain are, however, cheaper. Oats have declined fully is per
quarter from Monday, and do not meet a ready sale at the re-
duction. Beans and Peas continue steady. In other articles
there is no variation.

Arrivalg.
I Wheat. Barley. Oats. Malt,
113604860 4050
5530
I 1020
Flour, 7830 sacks.

English
Irish

Foreign

SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET.
The arrivals of Beasts, fresh up from our grazing counties,
were somewhat extensive, for the time of year, as to number;
but the r general quality was inferior. W e much regret to ob-
serve that at least a fourth of them were suffering severely from
disease. The Beef trade was again excessively heavy, and
Friday's depression in the currencies of 2d. per 81b. was bare y
supported—the very highest figure for the best Scots not exceed-
in r 3s. 10d. per Slb. The primest Beasts were nearly all disposed
of, but numbers of the inferior kinds left the market unsold.
Fortunately for most parties the numbers of Sheep were
rather limited, which caused the mutton trade to rule tolerably
steady.

No Lambs came to hand from the Isle of Wight, while from
other quarters the receipts of that description of stock, arising
no doubt from the low currencies obtained on Friday last, were
rather limited. Down qualities sold slowly at from as. Hid. to
6s. Other breeds from ss. to ss. Bd. per 81b., being about t.ta-
tionary figures.
With Calves we were but moderately supplied.

Per 81bs. to sink the 061

s. d. s. d. a. d. s. d.
Inferior Beasts 26—2 10 Second quality do. 38—3 10
Seccnd quality do. 3 0— 3 2 Coarse do. 4 0— 4 2
Prime large Oxen. 3 4 3 6 SouthdovrnWethers I 4 4 6
Prime Scots, &c... 3 8— 3 10 Do. out of the wool --
Coarse Calves .... 3 10— 4 8 Large If gs
Small do.
Suckling do. each.lB 0-30 0 Qr. old Pigs, each 16 0-20 0
Inferior Sheep 2 10— 3 6 Lambs

SUPPLY AT MARKEI.
Beasts, 3,C 04.. .. Sheep, 20,300.... Calves, 44 .. Pigs, 3:5

FRIDAY, March 26.
The market opened very dull this morning, and continued so
throughout the day. Nothing but good old Downs maintained
their price, every thing else went off slowly at a reduction of 2d
to 4d per stone. The supplies were tolerably large, and many
were turned out unsold.