The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-03-28 00:00:00

i it pro,

THE LIVERPOOL STANDAIII).

MESSRS. BARTON, IRLAM, AND CO.'S BANKRUPTCY.
—On Friday the adjourned last examination of Mr. Hig-
ginson, one of the bankrupts in this fiat, was resumed in
one of the private rooms at the Bankruptcy Court, when
the balance sheet not having been prepared, the Court
adjourned the case for five weeks, in order to enable Mr.
Higginson to complete that document.
THE WEATHER.—Since Tuesday last we have had
heavy rains, with strong winds and occasional squalls,
amounting for two days (Wednesday and Thursday) to
what may be legitimately termed brief equinoxial gales.
Fogs, too, have been occasionally experienced, and the
quantity of moisture, on the whole, has been ratheragainst
the sowing of spring corn, and unfavourable, especially in
heavy lands, for the young wheat, which, however, gene-
rally looks well. We have little of March dust this year.
Sunday forenoon was rainy, but towards two o'clock the
atmosphere brightened up, and the afternoon was the
most brilliant and congenial ever experienced at this sea-
son_ _ _

SOUTH LANCASHIRE ASSIZES

So clear was the atmosphere that from every emi-
nence beyond the smoke of the town the most charming
and distinct prospects of the distant landscape were ob-
tained by the naked eye. Vegetation has taken a start,
and the country already begins to throw off the gloomy
aspect of winter and re-assume the green garb of spring.
LONDON ART UNION.—We had, not very long ago, to
comment, in terms of disappointment and reproach, upon
the paltry subscription to the Liverpool Art Union (barely
£240 !) We trust that the unpleasant task of recording a
similar result in the local subscription to the London Art
Union may be spared us. If the nonpresentation of an
engraving tended in any degree to the small support of the
Liverpool Art Union, this plea cannot be raised for any
failure in the London Society ; for whatever the engrav-
ings hitherto may have been, or however they may have
deserved condemnation, the beautiful print, to be given
this year. makes up for all past failures, even were the
" L'Allegro and Il Penseroso " not awarded also to the
subscribers. The •` Prisoner of Gisors " does credit to
the artist, the engraver, and the council. From Mr.
Wehnert, 'tis true, we anticipated such a picture. The
feeling—the true style—is apparent here, as in all his
works. He throws a charm about his subjects, and awa-
kens our sympathies to a high degree. But after the un-
satisfactory specimens of engraving issued for some time
past, we own that we are agreeably surprised at the excel-
lent copy on view, at Mr. Isaac's, Castle-street, to which
we earnestly beg the attention of all the lovers of the
e
beautiful. Those who have been fortunate on past oc-
rocire,o -••••+not clirAlv with nnriPtv abstain from sup-
porting the society again, while others, wilt, have ben
unsuccessful as yet in gaining a prize, should not be dis-
heartened, as there is a proverb which very justly hints,
that " If you don't hold out your hand to Fortune, she
will not be likely to come to seek it." The books will
close ere long. We hope there will be no delay shown by
those purposing to become members.—Liverpool Mail.
SAINT MATTHEW'S CHURCH, TOXTETII-PARK.—We
last week gave an account of the style of architecture of
this intended place of worship, the foundation stone of
which was laid on Tuesday. The clergy, committee, and
other friends met at St. James's Church, at noon. The
Earl of Sefton and the Rev. Mr. Hampton headed the
procession, and there were present the Ikv. Dr. M'Neile,
the Rev. D. D. Stewart, the Rev. T. Nolan, &c. The
concourse of spectators was very great. The children of
the Blue Coat School sang an appropriate hymn. The
Rev

Mr. Hampton then rend soiree appropriate passages
from the Bible, and, after a prayer, thanked Lord Sefton
for his kindness in attending to lay the stone. The cere-
mony having been performed, the noble earl addressed the
meeting at some length, adverting to the edifice about to
be erected, and which was most necessary in that densely-
peopled part of Liverpool. Church accommodation was
consolation to the sick and the sorrowful. It promoted
also everything that was good in man. The church to be
built would be almost entirely appropriated for the accom-
modation of the poorer classes. He then alluded to the
political commotions on the continent, and trusted that
the people of England would remain dutiful and peaceful
subjects. He concluded by exclaiming—" May God
prosper this good undertaking !" and much cheering fol-
lowed. The national anthem was then sung, which was
followed by three hearty cheers for Lord Sefton. After
the ceremony, his lordship and the clergy and gentry
present repaired to the house of Richard Harbord, Esq.,
Upper Parliament-street, where a sumptuous dejeuner
was provided for their entertainment. Dr. M`Neile, du-
ring the repast, proposed in eloquent terms the health of
the Earl of Sefton, who had so admirably acted up that
day to the adage " that property had its duties as well as
its rights." The noble earl, in reply, reiterated the great
satisfaction he had in laying the corner stone of a new
chuich in a locality where it was so much needed, from
which his family and himself had derived so large pecu-
niary advantages, but with which now they had no con-
nexion. He concluded by handing a donation of £5O to
the Rev. H. Hampton. The other toasts were the " Rev.
H. Hampton," " Richard Harbord, Esq.," " The Rev.
D. D. Stewart," " Mr. Alderman Chilton," (chairman of
the committee,) " Mr. Hay," the architect, &c', all of
which were eloquently proposed and responded to.
PATENT VULCAN MACHINE COMPANY.—ThiS Com-
pany is established for effectually cleansing chimnies and
flues in public buildings, houses, hothouses, and steam-
ships, and for the suppression and abolition of climbing
boys. These objects being of very considerable import-
ance to the public, not only in a sanatory point of view as
regards the comfort and cleanliness of all classes, and the
extinction of that wretched class of our fellow creatures—
the infant sweepers, but also in averting the prevent dan-
gerous risk to property of every description in large
masses, from t 1 4"11..-Sa of and general neglect in clean-
sing chimnies, we are induced again to bring the subject
under the notice of our readers. Some of the most tor-
tuous, angular, and in other respects difficult flues in Li-

verpoo' I, have been thoroughly cleansed by the machinery
which has been proved, by the machines having extracted
from two, to two and a half, and-in one case three and a
half bushels of soot, out of chimnies wherein a few weeks
previously the ordinary machines had been used. The
following paragraph from the Journal of Patents will
show the high opinion entertained of the invention in
scientific quarters :—" These improvements in machinery
or apparatus for sweeping or cleansing chimnies, &c.,
consist—firstly,—in a certain novel contrivance whereby
the brushes used in cleansing_ or sweeping chimnies or
flues are caused to collapse when ascending, and expand
when descending the said flue, by means of the elastic
force of Vulcanised India-rubber, the bristles or brushes
being set or placed in strips, bands, or segments of this
material ; also in rendering the brushes capable of being
expanded and contracted at pleasure, by means of suitable
springs, formed by an application of endless bands of Vul-
canised India-rubber, to be worked in connection with
certain arrangements of expanding and contracting levers
or apparatus, so that any irregularity in the space of the
interior of the flue may be reached, and subjected to the
action of the brushes. And in a certain novel method of
rendering the joints of the rods or tubes ( to which the
said brushes are attached) elastic, so as to accommodate
themselves to any tortuous or irregular formation of the
chimney or flue, which universal or yielding joint is also
formed or made by the use or application of Vulcanised
India-rubber and in forming or rendering the tubes or
rods elastic, for extending or working the brushes."

-.0.---

Thomas Ostick, a boy about thirteen years old, was
convicted of forgery. He was an office boy with an attor-
ney named Smith, at Manchester, and forged his master's
name to a post-office order for £5. Another indictment
charged him with a forgery to similar documents, for
£6 10s. Sentence deferred.
William Baybutt was found guilty of the manslaughter
of Peter Travis, on the 30th December, at Ormskirk. A
quarrel took place between the parties, and• deceased used
great provocation, the prisoner resisting him in self de-
fence. The prisoner had been three months in prison,
and this was considered a sufficient punishment. He was
ordered to be liberated at the rising of the court.
Margaret Maguire was sentenced to seven years trans-
portation for stabbing Joshua Knott, on the 14th inst.,
in the Oldham-road. She had been seventeen times pre-
viously imprisoned.
Thos. Kay was found guilty of stabbing Joseph Mawds-
ey, at Ormskirk, on the 20th of November last. Sen-
tence deferred.

James Willis, Henry Finnigan, and Mary Williams,
were found guilty of assaulting and robbing Robert Holt,
of Manchester. Sentence deferred.
Richard Kirkman, a little flaxen-haired boy, eleven
years of age, and very small for his years, was charged
withLhurglary at the house of Thomas Green, of Little
Bolton, in December.. The boy bad cut a hole in the
paneliof the door, wlaich took him from 11 p.m. to 2 a.m.
to accomplish. The boy confessed the act to his father,
under a threat, and evidence of this being inadmissible,,
he was acquitted. The father • was fearfully affected in
giving evidence against his son.

NISI PRIUS COURT.—SATURDAY.
The only case of any interest tried to-day was an action
brought by Mr. P. G. N. Clarke, a sculptor of some emi-
nence at Manchester, against Mr. John Holford, for an
excessive distraint. The plaintiff occupied a shop of the
defendant's in King-street, Manchester. The stock, which
it was alleged was worth £4OO, only realized £6O at the
sale. Some fixtures, which cost the plaintiff £5O, were
seized and sold for £5. The property consisted of busts,
statues. moulds, &c. Seventy moulds, worth at least £250,
and which might have been put up singly and sold to ad-
vantage, were sold in one lot for £34. The jury- found
the defendant guilty of negligence in the sale : damages
£100,,, and that the real value of the property was £4OO.
This was without consideration for the fixtures.
Several undefended cases were then disposed of.

The trial of Thomas Riley, charged with the man-
slaughter of the twelve persons whose deaths were occa-
sioned by the late boiler explosion at Manchester, is fixed
for Thursday.
INFANTICIDE.—On Tuesday an inquest was held touch-
ing the death of a child in Roscoe-street. The mother,
Elizabeth Pring, lived with her aunt, a Mrs. Meacock,
and had delivered herself. From the evidence of the
surgeon, the Child died from external violence. A verdict
of wilful murder was returned.
WELSHMEN.—In the Crown Court, on Friday, much
delay was occasioned and considerable merriment created
by the manner in which prosecutor, who was a Welsh-
man, and his son gave their evidence. It was with the
greatest difficulty that the most simple question was ren-
dered intelligible to the father, notwithstanding he spoke
English tolerably well ; and the son, to the first question
put to him, answered, in good English, " I can't speak
English," and this he maintained throughout, notwith-
standing the expostulations of his lordship. The father
was sworn as interpreter, but he objected to the office on
the ground that lie could net Speak Eilplish. 'His Lord=
ship :-,a'"-11/4,16, the-only time T went' the Velsh-elicuit
they tried that trick on with we, and I never went again,"
(Loud laughter.)

nistrirt 43.tiu5,

These Assizes commenced on Friday, before Barons
Alderson and Rolfe. At half-past two o'clock the former The Hon. E. H. Stanley was gazetted on Tuesday to
entered the Crown Court, attended by the High Sheriff, be Deputy-Lieutenant of Lancashire.
Sir T. G. Hesketh, Bart., his curate, the Mayor of the The new covered market at Wrexham was opened on
town, and others. The Commission was opened in the Thursday week.
Nllisetlea
al form,tst. G
aeftoerrg which George's
c h
uhrichsl.o r dos ipn
his r e attendedreturn,
theiin divine
Courtser-
Church Sir
R
.KiPrekelrohoafs,
nfoerwaraßrdlaecclkbtsron,, iwnhaiicdhoifs tihnearerpuainirouosf
resumed, and the following gentlemen were sworn of condition.
THE GRAND JURY.
The cotton mills in Bolton are, on an average, running
John Ireland Blackbarne, Esq., Warrington, foreman. considerably shorter time than they were a few weeks
Reece Bevan, Esq., Freckleton, Wigan. since.
James Bonnie, Esq., Heathfield. • A little girl died last week, in Manchester, in conse-
William Earle, Esq., Abercromby-square, Liverpool. quence of having fallen from a chair upon the point of a
James Fenton, Esq., Bamford Hall, Rochdale.
John FrederiCk Foster, Esq.. The Priory, Sale, Manchester. pair of scissors with which she was playing.
John Grundy, Esq., Culwood Lodge, Manchester. The Commission of Assize will be opened at Chester
Alexander Fowden Haliburt on, Esq., Whitby-le-Wigan. on Wednesday (to-morrow), and the business in both
John Pemberton Heywood, Esq., Liverpool. courts will commence on Thursday morning. There is a
David Hodgson, Esq., Liverpool. fearfully heavy calendar.
Hugh Hornby, Esq., Wavertree, Liverpool. WHITEHALL, MARCH 11.—The Right Hen. Sir Thos.
Thomas Berry Horsfall, Esq., Mayor of Liverpool.
James Lawrence,Esq., Park-bill, Liverpool. Wilde, Knight, has appointed James Galloway, of Prescot,
Robert Lomax, Esq.. Lomax Fold, Bolton. in the county of Lancaster, Gent., to be one of the Per-
Thomas Parr, Esq., Grappenhall Heys, Warrington. petual Commissioners for taking the acknowledgments of
John Rosson, Esq., Moorhall, Ormskirk. deeds, to be executed by married women, in and for the
Clement Royds, Esq., Rochdale. county of Lancaster.
Malcolm Nugent Ross, Esq., Astley Hall, Manchester.
Richard Bryan Smith, Esq., Lydiate, Ormskirk. A few days since, a man who appeared to be deaf and
Samuel Taylor, Esq., Eccleston Hall, Prescot. dumb went to the hall in Alderley Park, Cheshire, and
Matthew Wilson, Esq., junior, M.P., Eshton, Skipton. managed to inform the coachman, whose planet he pro-
Henry Woods, Esq., Wigan. mised to " rule," that for £2 he would name a place where
The proclamation against vice, &c., having been read?. £7OO were buried. The duped coachman was foolish
the learned judge addressed the Grand Jury. enough to give the £2, and afterwards paid some men to
His LORDSHIP said that he had had little time to read dig at the spot which the wizard had named, br
the depositions, and could therefore give the grand jury no treasure was found.
very little advice. He alluded particularly to a case of GENTLEMEN OF THE FrRESS.—A Manchester town-
murder, pointing out the manner in which they should councillor complained last week in his place in council,
view it as regarded the law. The weapon used was not that a reporter for the Manchester Guardian had stated,
one of deadly kind, such as a pistol or gun, but it might in his report of a former meeting, that he could not re-
be made deadly by its violent use. The question was press a smile when a certain councillor pronounced lie
whether there was any excuse for the violence used. He word routine " rout-in." The complainant thought re-
then alluded to the case of the child murder, stating that porters—were reporters, and they had no right to express
in law it must be clearly proved that the child was born an opinion, or to smile in a councillor's face,while he was
aliie, and was entirely separated alive from the mother. speaking.
If they were not satisfied of this, the crime would be only A RUNAWAY SreG.—Last year Sir John Gerard put
concealment of birth. The other cases in the calendar up a stag in the neighbourhood of Newton, which, after
were not of a nature to require any directions from, him being chased for a long time, completely eluded the intre-
(the learned judge). There was, however, one on which pidity of hounds and hunters. Pie was afterwards en-
he felt it his duty to offer a few observations to the grand trapped, and brought back again to his old quarters. The
jury. It was one of that very unfortunate description same animal, known by the name of Rob Roy, was put up'
arising out of persons being employed with arms for the emits on the Bth instant. and was equally successful in
Preservation .c nu. Iva I,lllp as very sorry to had making his escape. Rob, it appeared', had been rambling
crimes of that sort increasing, as undoubtedly they were. about in this neighbourhood, and was caught by the legs
He had come from an assizes where two men had been by two crofters as he was about to leap the wall into the
convicted with the crime of murder, in connection with yard at St. Peter's Church, in Halliwell, on Saturday
the preservation game. He (the learned Judge) did not last. Instead of being in his " native glens," he is now
know whether they would have to suffer or not; that would safely " Tolboothed" at Smithills Hall.—Bolton Chron.
depend upon the mercy of the crown; but it was awful to EMPLOYMENT IN MANCHESTER.—A comparison of
consider the consequences which arose from the present last week's return compared with the previous week, gives
system ; and it was desirable to ascertain whether some the following results :—Two cotton mills previously
means or other could not be adopted to ameliorate it. He working full time, and one working short time, have stop-
could not but think that excessive preservation of game in ped. 992 of the operatives employed in cotton mills, who
many parts of the country was little less than laying traps were last week• working full time, are now either working
for crime, and to such persons the observation of St. Paul short time, or are out of employment altogether. Of the
might well be repeated,—" If meat make my brother total works included in the table, there are four fewer
to offend, I will eat no flesh, while the world standeth, working full time, one of which is working short time,
lest I make my brother to offend." Surely what is and the others are stopped altogether. There are now
said of that may be very properly applied to the excessive 835 more operatives out of employment than there were
preservation of game. He need say no more on that point, last week, of whom 716 were then working full time, and
for he trusted he was speaking to Christian gentlemen. 111 were working short time. The return is, therefore,
There were some other matters going on in the world, to of an unfavourable character.
which he might well allude, because every one must feel THE HON. E. H. STANLEY.—Since our last the Cam-
some apprehension for the result, and in which the grand bridge Tripos has come out, and it abundantly confirms
jury might be called upon to take part. Disturbances had the compliments paid to the Hon. E. H. Stanley's high
occurred in different parts of the country, and the duty attainments in the letter of a distinguished member of the
might devolve upon some of them to preserve the peace of University, alluded to in our last, as we find that the hon.
their districts. If so called upon, all he had to say was— gentleman's name stands in the first class. This is a great
do it firmly, but at the same time do it kindly. Let there distinction, because it is not by talent alone that i.j can
be that mixture of firmness with kindness, which, whilst be reached. With talent, must be combined indus-
it convinced transgressors that the law would be main- try, and there is no instance on record of a young
tamed, at the same time won their approbation and esteem. nobleman, with an earldom in vista (a long one we hope),
If reforms were called for, and there was no country in who has achieved for himself so much honour. The Earl
which they were not required, let a spirit of kindness and of Burlington is an exception to the general rule, but we
conciliation be shown towards those who called/or them, are not sure that at the time his lordship attained so much
which would have the effect of uniting altogether in defence eminence at college, he stood in the same position as the
of all that is dear to us—our liberties—our lives—our Hon. Mr. Stanley in-relation to the peerage.—Lancester
laws, because he really believed there was no country in Gazette.
which we enjoy all these in such perfection. Above all, THE ORDER OF ODDFELLOWS.—The Manchester Bo-
they should endeavour to convince the-lower classes of rough Court was occupied for about six hours, on Wed-
society, that they above all were most interested in the nesday last. before several magistrates, in investigating
preservation of order. They depended upon labour for the charge 4 against Mr. William Ratcliffe, the corre-
support—labour depended upon capital for payment, and sponding secretary. The nature of the general charges
labour would not be paid unless peace was preserved. In against him have so often been published, that it would be
that unfortunate country to which he alluded—unfortu- useless to repeat them here. It may be stated, however,
nate, because of the effects which bad been produced— that the investigation turned on a charge not much pre-
he did not mean to offer any remarks upon the change viously known ; it was with having withheld a sum of
which had taken place there, though he would not refrain £2OO, subscribed by the order, for the relief of Irish and
from looking forward to the result with anxiety—in that Scotch destitution, arising from the failure of the potato
country, the first effort had produced suffering to the poor crop. The evidence for the prosecution, however, did not
—the savings' Bank had stopped payment—workmen had bring the matter home to Mr. Ratcliffe, and it was only
lost their wages—they were the first to suffer, and he when his brother, who was his assistant secretary, was put
hoped their fate would be a warning to those fbr whom in the box on the defence, that the case was. made out.
these observations were intended. If so, the instruction From this it appeared that from £9OO to £llOO had been
would not be thrown away. He said it in kindness to subscribed for this purpose ; that some £3OO or £4OO had
them, and with a sincere wish for their welfare. His been sent to its proper destination, and that IZOII of the
lordship then dismissed the grand jury to their duties. sum had been entered in the books to Mr. Ratcliffe's
The trials then proceeded. private account. The magistrates called upon the defen-
FORGERY. dant to enter into sureties, himself in £3OO, and two
Eduard Wilson, who was found guilty at the last others in £l5O each, for his appearance at the assizes, at
assizes of having filled up a blank cheque, at Liverpool, Liveipool, to answer the charges. The court was crowded
for a greater amount than he was authorised to de by his to excess throughout.
master, was brought up for judgment.—Mr. Baron Alder- MISREPRESENTATION OF MANCHESTER.—We lately
son said the case of the prisoner had been reserved for animadverted upon the unworthy position in which Man-
i the opinion of the judges, the question being whether the chester was placed by Mr. Milner Gibson's connexinn.
offence amounted to forgery, or obtaining ',Honey under with the Whig government. Within the last few days
false pretences. The opinion of the judges was that the matters have become considerably worse. The misrepre-
crime amounted to forgery. But under all the circum- . sentation of Manchester is complete. Mr. Gibson moves

4' of course

stances, the learned judge before whom the case was tried on not only steadily, but with an increasingly descending
(Mr. Justice Coltman) did not wish to punish tha offence tendency. Vir•es acquiret eundo. On two• successive
with severity.—Sentence, to be imprisoned three calendar nights he has recorded votes of a character so entirely
months. opposed to the views entertained by the great majority of
------ •

MINT CASES. his constituents that to speak of him any more as rep-re-
Thomas Ford and Mary Ford were convicted of utter- senting the opinions of Manchester is sheer folly. Man-
ing counterfeit coin at Liverpool, on the 4th of February, chester, by the voice-of Mr. Gibson, declares its-readiness
and of having been previously convicted of- the like to exempt Ireland from the income-tax ; and is content
offence.—Mr. Wigham and Mr. Cobbett were for the that there should be no reduction in our extravagant na-
prosecution.,-To be each transported for seven years. val expenditure. Manchester. by the voice of Mr. Bright,
John Hughes was convicted of uttering counterfeit protests against the injustice of certain classes in Ireland
coin at Liverpool, on the 18th of February.—To be being exempted from a burden which they are quite as
transported for seven years. well able to bear as the same classes in England and
Richard Connor was charged with uttering base coin at Scotland ; and votes for a reduction in a branch of expeh-
Oldham, on the 11th of March.—The prisoner, who had diture which has been nearly doubled during,the lest 12
been preViously convicted of having counterfeit coin in years. Whether does Mr. Gibson or Mr. Bright speak
his possesion, was found guilty, and adjudged to three the opinion of Manchester? Both cannot be right. Or
years' imprisonment.—The Prisoner : I would rather you may we not rather say that on these important questions
tronsported me.—He was then removed from the bar. this constituency has been deprived of any vote whatever?
Ann Hughes was charged with having, on the 18th of Mr. Gibson has virtually been the means of disfranchising
December last, at Liverpool, had in her possession three Manchester. Manchester Examiner (radical paper.)
counterfeit shillings.—Not guilty. SIXTEEN PERSONS DROWNED.—We are this week
called upon to narrate the occurrence of two-most melan-
choly events, by which not fewer than sixteen individuals
CROWN COURT.—SATURDAY.. have met their grave. The first occurred at Latheron-
James Dougherty was convicted and sentenced to seven wheel, on Friday last, on which day several boats from the
years transportation for uttering a counterfeit sixpence. different stations had been prosecuting the fishing as
He had been previously convicted of a similar offence. usual. A heavy swell had arisen since their departure, so
Thomas Collins, for uttering counterfeit crown pieces as to render landing extremely dangerous. One little
at St. Helens, was sentenced to six moths' imprisonment, barque and its despairing crew drove forward with its
one solitary. broadside on the beach, when they were speedily rescued.
James Walker, for uttering counterfeit crown pieces to The other boat was seen overtopping the huge swell, and
several persons, was sentenced to two years imprisonment, every preparation was made to receive her. In a minute
with hard labour. The crown pieces showed much skill or two she got into the middle of the broken sea, and a
in their manufacture ; they rang exceedingly well, and, tremendous wave breaking over her, swept the crew,
by a newly discovered process, had been slightly sheeted seven in number, into the foaming surge. Soon thereafter
with silver. the body of one of the men was got hold of, but life was

quite extinct. Then appeared the mast of the boat, with
a man grasping it so firmly as with difficulty to be severed
from it. This was David M'Grigor. At first he wasin-
sensible, but gradually recovered. The names of the suf-
ferers are,—William Finlayson, married ; Robert Grant,
ditto ; Alexander M'Kay, ditto ; George Ross, ditto ;.
William Sutherland, unmarried; and Angus Sutherland,.
ditto. The first three have left widows and young fami-.
lies, consisting of fifteen children in all, and in very indi-
gent circumstances. The fourth has left a widow, only
one month married ; and the two last had widowed mo-
thers, also in great poverty. Another boat was upset at
the same hour, when entering a fishing creek west. of
Dunbeath, and three of the crew taken from under her
when thrown upon the beach. Letters have been received
with the information that, last week, while a boat's crew,
on the west coast of Sutherlandshire, consisting of seven
men and three women, were engaged in gathering ware,
the boat was upset, and all onboard her perished.—John
o' Groat Journal.

" MONSTER " EXAGGERATIONS.—Mr. Dolieny, a ci-
devant schoolmaster, and now angrish barrister, attended
the Manchester repeal meeting as one of the deputation
from " the Irish confederates 'of Dublin. On Sunday
week, on his way back to Ireland, he addressed a meeting
of repeaters in Liverpool,. and coolly .told,thena AlaaLon
the preceding Friday evening, "he had addressed a meet-
ing of thirteen thousand repealers in the Free-trade Hall
of Manchester." From accurate calculations in the
Manchester Guardian, it appears, however, that the hall
will not hold more than 6,300, and the platform had forms
and tables on it, and therefore the number-in, the build-.
ing would be less than 6000. This is, perhaps, the
smallest of Mr. Doheny's: exaggerations of numbers.
He stated at Liverpool that he had attended a soiree on
Saturday evening, at Manchester, at which "- six thou-
sand" persons were present. This was a tea party in the
large room of the-Town-hall, at which, instead of 6,000,
there were certainly not 500 present ; and it would be Im-
possible to cram more than one-sixth of Mr. Doheny's
number in the floc). space, if every bench and table were
removed. This room is exactly 68ft*8in. in length, by 32ft.
9in. in width, an area of 260 square yards, which, if all the
furniture were removed, and the room packed at four per-
sons to the square yard, would only hold 1,000. But we
come to the climax of Mr. Doheny's estimates. On Sun-
day week, at the chartist camp meeting at Oldham Edge,
he spoke of that meeting as " half a million of the men of
Lancashire upon an open hill," &c. In the same speech,
he estimated them at a quarter of a million of English-
men ;" and, at Liverpool, he told the repealers that at
this meeting " there were not fewer than one hundred
and thirty thousand persons." Here we have the same,
man varying his statement as to the numbers, from
500,000 to 250,000, and thence down to 130,000 ! But
here again the shortest process to approach the truth,
would be to strike off the lest cypher and reduce his
amount to one-tenth of his lowest estimate. As nearly as
the numbers on Oldham Edge, at the time when they
were largest, could be calculated, they appeared to be
about 15,000 persons ; and certainly could not exceed,
16,000 altogether.

How TO OBTAIN HEALTH WHEN LOST.—The wonder.
ful regenerating effects that Holloway's Pills produce
upon the whole system is truly astonishing. This won-
derful medicine perfectly identifies and assimilates itself
with the blood and other fluids, while it removes from
them tdl other impurities. It acts upon the stomach, the
liver, the heart, the lungs, and the kidneys; and in its
course, so surely cleanses and invigorates those organs as
to make the return of health the immediate consequence
of a few doses of this wonder-work_ig remedy. Persons
of weak and debilitated-cons'titiztloris are sure- to regain
ther health and vigour by t! ii use,, when every other
ramps have fade .

March 2S, ISIS.

LANCASTER ELECTION SCRIITINY.—The Conservatives
of Lancaster have fully determined upon instituting
scrutiny into the late election. An address has appeared
from the Hon. E. H. Stanley, the defeated candidate, in
which, after alluding to the support he received, and to
the probability of his yet succeeding to the representation
by means of a scrutiny, the hon. gentleman says :---
" Acting on this conviction, I have felt it due, to you
and to myself, to petition the House of Commons to
grant a committee, before which I may claim that seat,
which I believe, by your favour, to be my right ; and I
cherish the confident expectation that many weeks will
not elapse before I am enabled to congratulate you Snd
myself upon the final triumph of our cause."
EXTRAORDINARY RESISTANCE TO BAIL' F S °IEI
Thursday last, Mr. Flintoff, the messenger under a fiat of
bankruptcy issued against R. and M. Smith, went to Box'
endale, near Blackburn, print works, to take possession of
them, when he was met by a large body of the work-
people, who stated that they had possession of the works
given to them by Mr. R. Smith, and that they intended
to keep it if they lost their lives. The messenger returned
to Haslingden, and got some of the police there, who pro-
ceeded with him to the works, but he was again repulsed.
On Friday, Mr. Turner, a magistrate, accompanied them
to.the works, and advised with the men on the illegality of
their proceedings. Another attempt was made to obtain
possession by the messenger and others, preceded by Mr.
Turner in his carriage ; but when they got near, a large
number of workmen seized the horses in the chaise, and
prevented it going further. They again refused to give UP
possession. Mr. Turner spoke to the men in a friendly
way, saying he understood that many of the workmen
wanted a large amount of wages, and were in the greatest
poverty, for which he was very sorry, but said that pro-
ceedings of this kind were likely, if persisted in, to aug-
ment their misery, and desired them peaceably to give 11P
possession of the premises. Benjamin Crawshaw, a sort
of leading man, was the spokesman, and stated that he
was much obliged to Mr. Turner for what he had said,
and that if what he had stated was truer the workmen had
been badly advised. Mr. Turner asked who was their ad-
viser, but Crawshaw did not reply. On Monday a strong
body of police went to Baxendale, accompanied by the
superintendents and Mr. Turner. They proceeded to the
works. The messenger went by himself first, and after *
short conversation the men agreed to give up possession,
and bailiffs were left on the premises. The messenger
then informed Mr. Turner, &c. that peaceable possession
had been .iven to him, when Mr. Turner went on to the
workpeople, and having praised them for the resolution
they had come to, generously gave them five sovereigns to
alleviate their distress. The police were then withdrawn,
and shortly after all became as quiet as usual. The lane
leading to the works was barricaded with dye vats, and a
passage which would admit one or two persons- only left
open. Barricades were also erected round the works. It
appeared the men had some adviser in resisting the mes-
senger,-and that the same party had withdrawn his.advire
upon consideration. Some of the men had not received
their wages for thirty weeks or more, and they were
pitied even by the messenger and his assistants. Posses-
sion has yet to be obtained of the bleaching works- be-
longing to Messrs. Smith, in Oswaldtwistle.

REMARKS, OBSERVATIONS, & SUGGESTIONS
FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY,
MADE DURING A VISIT TO BIRMINGHAM ON THE ZISr
AND 22D DECEMBER, 1837.

I am now convinced in my presupposed opinion, drat
the vibratory motion of the engine, and also of the trainof
carriages, is not only detrimental to the speed, but also'
tends very much•to assist any trifling impediment on the'
rails to throw- the engine and train off the line. This mo-
tion is caused by the weight of the boiler and heavy appa-
ratus appertaining to the engine (and the same objection'
is to be found with the carriages) being placed above
axletrees, instead of being brought as close to the base as
possible, it being the centre of gravity vibrating from the'
base which causes this at all times disagreeable and fre
quently highly-dangerous motion. To obviate this,
should recommend, in regard to the engine, that the boiler'
should be situated entirely beneath the working shaft, and
that the cylinders, pistons, &c. should be placed above the-
boiler, in a horizontal position. It will be evident from'
this arrangement of the machinery that the working
wheels, as they' are technically called, or those wheels
which are impelled by the direct communication of the
connecting rod to the crank shaft affixed to them, may be
considerably enlarged, say double the size they at present
are, (viz., 5 feet,) with ease, or even more, but, for the
sake of clearness; I:shall say 10 feet. The following ad-
vantages would result from this arrangement :—ln the
first place, in the old form of engine, that is to say the one
at present used, a, wheel of 5 feet in diameter will pass
over, in one revolution, somewhere about 15 feet ; this
engine can be made to travel, with diffictilty, with a train,
at 40 miles an hour, the friction above that rate becoming
so great that they find it impossible to exceed it. Now it
the wheels were 10 feet in diameter, in two strokes of Of,
pistons the engine would pass over a space of nearly 30
feet, or double thatof the small wheel ; it is therefore evi-
dent that this description of engine will be able to travel
at the rate of 80 miles an hour before the friction amounts
to the same as in the present form of engine travelling 1:1''
the rate of 4o- mires an hour.
The only objection I can, discover to this form is, that
the undulating (not the vibrating) motion would be found
more disagreeable than on the old plan. In another J
of this sheet I shall endeavour to obviate this defect ; 1)
it must not be overlooked that there will be no vibrator)
mDfign
mites at all,_eveß at the great speed of 80 miles an
"
itli
and that this engine will perform 80 at. !lour nt
the same facility, or• even with greater, than the prey
engine would 41 .

The water tank on the tender attached to the engine
should also be placed beneath the axletrees, (the axletreeg
of the tender of course,) and the body of the passenger
cars should also be placed as much below the axletrees 05
possible, say to within,6 inches off the road or level of the
rail. The wheels of the passenger cars and tender should
be increased in size, say 5 feet for the minimum. It i 0
very clear that the friction in such' an engine, and with
such a train, will at least be much less, even if nothing
else is gained, than in an engine, and with a train of pas"
senger cars, on the present construction.

The cause_of the undulating motion in all railway end
gines and carriages at present used—in applying the wort,'
undulating, I wish to express that motion which the car:
riages and engine have from side to side of the road, at
so far as the flanges on the wheels will permit this
digression from a perfectly true or straight course,
keeping
in view, as a matter of necessity. the turns of the road--
is in consequence of the wheels being flanged on the inner
side or tire of the wheel only, and thus causing the car-
riage, engine, or whatever wheeled conveyance it may II;
to be continually undulating, or the flanges of the wheels
on one side the carriage acting at one moment on the rau
it is in contact with, and at another the flanges of the,
wheels on the opposite side acting on the other rail, an
thus the motion is caused.
To obviate this, both sides of the wheels should be
flanged, both inner and outer, and the wheels to rest oil
the rails in the vacant space between; this will entirelyo
almost so, preclude the friction which is so very grelft
and so very heavy a drawback on the form of wheel n°,,
used with respect to the speed. The safety of the e11g1,7
and carriages will likewisebemuch enhanced, as the wbee':
Wing flanged on both sides, will render it almost impoOsi
ble that the engine or train should run off the rails.
Rock Ferry, 27th March, 1848. C. J..14'