The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-03-18 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STAN DAR!)

broker, and Messrs. FRASER and TAYLEUR, Sharebro-
kers, Liverpool; Mr. HENRY WODEHOHRE, Sharebro-
ker, Manchester; Messrs. GRAYSTON and EARLE,
Sharebrokers, York ; and Mr. JONATHAN DREWRY,
Sharebroker, Newcastle.

(FORM OF APPLICATION.)
TO TILE PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE INVERNESS

AND ELGIN RAILWAY.
G ENTLEMEN,-I request you will allot me
Shares, of £2O each, in this undertdking, and I agree to
accept the same, or any smaller number that may be al-
lotted to me, to pay the deposit thereon, and sign the Par-
liamentary Contract and Subscribers' Agreement, when
required._

I am, Gentlemen,

,ur obedient servant,

Profession
Address

N.B.—Early application is necessary, as the amount
of applications received in Edinburgh alone, on Satur-
day the 15th, being the first day on which the above
Prospectus was before the Public, exceeded the capital
required.

THE ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY,
Registered provisionally pursuant to 7 and 8 Vict. c. 110

CAPITAL £2,000,000, in 100,000 SHARES of £2O each

PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE.
JAMES LAWRENCE, Esq., Mayor.
Josias Booker, Esq. Henry Killick, Esq.
H. J. Sanderson, Esq. R. Broadhurst Hill, Esq.
Charles Turner, Esq. Francis Maxwell, Esq.
Edmund I'lolyneux, Esq. .A. Sinclair, Esq.
T. B. Horsfall, Esq. " Thos. Lee, Esq.
James Pownall, Esq. ' William Blain, Esq.
William Jones, Esq. Richard Harbord, Esq.
Geo. J. Wainwright, Esq. David Cannon, Esq.
Thomas Bauch, Esq. Robert M'Andrew, Esq.
Henry Moore, Esq. Thomas Dover, Esq.
R. S. Henderson, Esq. Samuel Holme, Esq.

THE advantages derivable to a commercial and popu-
lous Town like Liverpool, from the establishment of
an Insurance Company composed of an extensive local
Proprietary mutually interested iu its welfare and suc-
cess, will be readily understood and appreciated by the
Public without comment, especially at the present time.
For this object, and to meet the increasing demands and
the wishes of a large and influential body of Merchants,
Brokers, and Owners of Property in the Town of Liver-
pool and Neighbourhnod, it is proposed to found a
JOINT-STOCK FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE
ASSOCIATION, under the provisions of the recent
Act of Parliament for the regulation of Joint-Stock
Companies.

A Deed of Settlement of the Company will be prepared,
embracing all needful and necvssary clauses in connection
with that Act, to secure as well the permanent interests
of the Proprietors as of the Public.

The Act of Parliament for the registration of Insurance
Companies does not allow more than Ten Shillings for
One Hundred Pounds of Capital to be called until the
full registration of the Company. A Deposit, therefore,
of Two Shillings per Share can only be received on the
allotment ; a Call of Eighteen Shillings p' r Share will be
made on the complete registration of the Company, and
a further Call of One Pound at the expiration of two
months.

Persons desirous of becoming Subscribers will please
apply, by letter, to Mr. Booxrß, Solicitor, 46, Castle-
street, Liverpool.

A preference will be given to parties effecting insu-
rances with the Company.

FORM OF APPLICATION

To THE PROVISIONAL MANAGING DIRECTORS GE THE

ROYAL INSIJRANCE'COMPANY

I request -you wi'l allot me Shares in the Royal
Insurance Company, and I undertake to accept that or
any less number, pay the Deposit thereon, and execute
the Deed of Settlement when required.
Dated this day of March, '1..845.

Profession or Business

Residence

11010ANK OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA,
-EP Incorporated by Royal Charter, (paid-up Capital
£1,000;000,) 7, St. Helen's- place, Bishopsgate-street,
London. March 7, 1845.
This B,nk GRANTS 'CREDITS on its Branches at
HAMILTON, TORONTO. KINGSTON. MONT-
REAL. and QUEBEC, in CAN %DA ; at ST. JOHN
and FREDERICTON, in NEW BRUNSWICK; at HA-
LIFAX, in NOVA SCOTIA; and at ST. JOHN'S. in
NEWFOUNDLAND; also upon its Agents in NEW YORIC,
Messrs. RICHARD BELL. WM. MC. LACHLAN. and
HENRY EDWARD RA:Nsors.--:on receipt of the amount at
the London Office; and the credits are psid on presenta-
tion, together with the current premium of exchange on
bills at the customary usance without any charge.
Similar Credits on the Branches and Agents of 'this
Bank are granted at all the branches of the Provincial
Bank of Ireland, of the National Bank of Scotland, and
of the Manchester and Liverpool DiArict Bank.
Bills on the Colonies and United States are negotiated.

Dividends on Stock, payable in the Colonies 01-United
States, are received, and other descriptions of Banking
Agency are transacted, on terms which may be'known on
application, addressed to the Secretary.
G. DE BOSCO ATTWOOD, Sec.

IRISH DISAFFECTION VERSUS ORANGE
LOYALTY AND OBEDIENCE.

For the last two years it has been the anxious and very
proper wish of the authorities of this town that those ab•
surd processions, which had been customary for the cele-
bration of days held as festivals or anniversaries of differ-
ent parties, shoull be laid aside as useless and, in some
cases, provocative of the disturbance of the pubic peace.
Last year, and previously for ten years past, the Orange
Society celebrated their anniversary of the 12th of July
without any such public display, as did the shiprights, the
Welsh societies and most of the benefit societies. In
consideration of so general an obedience to the wishes of
the authorities, it was hoped the Irish Soci tes would
imitate the goA example set them. Such a course was
fully anticipated and hoped for by the authorities, who
took every p sins to communicate with the leaders of the
societies in cinesicn, and to prevail upon them to acqui-
esce in their wishes.

It was in vain, however. On Saturday morning the
walls of the town were covered with staring green pla-
cards, announcing the order and route of the intended
procession, which was to start from Williamson-square,
and perambulate the town ; and notwithstanding the pub-
lication of a notice by the mayor and bench that such
procession was calculated to endanger the peace of the
town, a ragged procession, with the usual inflammatory
awl exciting banners was fo, med yesterday, and peram-
bulated the principal streets. Not content with this dis-
play, parties of drunken ruffians were to be seen driving
about in carts and cars or staggering on foot, waving
green ribbons and fl igs, singing party songs, and evidently
courting a fray. Up to the hour of going to press, however,
we are glad to find t hat in such object they have not succeed-
ed. To the credit of our Protestant population, these Efforts
have been despised, and those by whom they have bee n
male h we only earned public contempt:for their pains. We
may mention, as a disgrace to the sex, that the most
turbulent of the Irish party during the day have been the
women!

Whilst upon this subject we may notice a more than
usually brazen remark of the Mercury on Friday. He,
good candid man, called upon the Irish papists to obey
the authorities, and thus "set an example to the Orange-
na n." When did toe Orangemen need an example ?
When did they walk in procession, against the expressed
wishes of the authorities of the town? Do tell us, most
truthful scribe!

THE

CHASE.

The CHESHIRE HOUNDS will meet on

Tuesday, March 18, Waigherton-lodge, Doddington
Wednesday, 19, at Cholmondeley
Thursday, 20, at Wrenbury Village
Saturday, 22, at
At a Quarter to Eieren o'clock.
Sir W. W. WYNN'S HOUNDS will meet on
Tuesday, March 18, at
'I hursday, 20. at . Nesscliffe
Saturday, 22, at.
At Hitlf-past Ten o'clock.

CORRESPONDENCE.

ST. PATRICK'S DAY,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

SIR,--1 have just seen the procession, and a most mi-
serable failure it certainly was. Instead of walking the
public streets, in defiance of the magistrates, as they pla-
carded, they were skulking along Great Homer-street as
fast as they could walk, apparently afraid of exhibiting
their weakness. There was no Father Wilcox with the
ivy bush over his head—no children with painted sticks—
and no Langan in top boots. I counted the rows, and
they amounted to 86 two abreast, or 172 in all. They
had five bands and seven banners.

I was amused to see how the Liverpool repealers had
served out Dan fitr rubbing their names off the rebel list
at the Corn Exchange. They paraded the flag with
O'Connell's effigy, and not a man walked behind it!
Another flag. with the rebel S,rsfield, followed after the
space behind the Liberator's. Serve him right.
Had one'hundred Orangemen been walking into town,
I verily believe the procession (!) would have been non est,
and I think they would not have waited to carry their flags
I am, sir, yours. &c., J.
Liverpool, 10 o'clock, lith March, 1845.

THE MERCURY AND Tiri. IRISH PROCESSION

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

SIR,—I should scarcely be surprised at anything that
appears in the columns of the Mercury, but as that paper,
lam sorry-to say, has so large a circulation, on account of
its advertisements, among Protestants in the country, I
am afraid that many are liable to allow themselves to he
misled by the shameless falsehoods that so often disgrace
that paper.
In a paragraph, yesterday, alluding to the meeting of
magistr •tes, who, I have been informed, are determined
to take active measures to prevent the procession intended
to take place on Monday, he says, "that if they, the Irish
sqcieties (who, by the bye, Father Hearne, of Manches-
ter, tells us are all ribbon associations) were determined
to walk in procession, it would give an excuse to other so-
cieties to do the same, and that the peace of the town
would then be endangered." de should have gone a little
further, and explained how, and by whom, the peace of
the town would be broken.

There is no mistaking what societies the writer of that
paragraph bad in view, and I need not go further back
than the 12th July last, when the members of the Orange
societies were assailed in St. John's Church yard, as they
were returning from the house of God, to show who are
the invariable disturbers of the peace of this town. If
the scribe had been guilty of common honesty he would
have written thus :—" Let us hope that Irish Catholics
will follow the excellent example set them for years by the
Irish and English Orangemen, and abstain from any de-
monstration on St. Patrick's Day:" There would be
something like truth in such a statement. His way of
stating it may suit the tastes of some of his-readers, and
may mislead proper-thinking ;people at a distance, but
among respectable people, the high eulogiums of the ma-
gistrates on the perfect obedience of the Orangemen of
this town to their wishes is of itself sufficient to show that
they are not the body of men to disturb the peace of the
town. We gave up our procession as soon as the magis-
trates expressed a wish that we should do so ; and al-
though in Protestant Liverpool it may be galling to many
of us that strangers shall be allowed to c irry•their sediti•
ous and disloyal banners before us, we will again cheer-
fully yield to the wishes of the authorities, and abstain
from any procession in Liverpool on our next anniversary.
I trust, as has been much spoken of, we shall have a cen-
tral meeting on that day at Newton. where we shall be
joined by many thousands of our brethren from all parts
of the kingdom, ard have a demonstration worthy of us
and our holy c

Trusting you will find a corner for this in your valuable

paper,

I remain, yours, truly,
AN ORANGEMAN,

Liverpool, Saturday Evening,

STOCK EXCHANGE SETTLING DAYS

TO THE .EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SIR,—No one can be more alive than myself to the
defects and inconveniences of the old system of stock
settlements in the Share Market. No one has experi-
enced those inconveniences more than I have. No one
has more need than I to wish for renovation and remedy.
But though I earnestly wished a remedy, yet it behoves
men to see that the remedy be not worse than the disease.
That the system of settling days is such a remedy, I am
not going to say: nay, it is such a remedy that I looked
and hoped for. But, sir, the mode of administering that
remedy is what I complain of. Theincidental rules mixed
with the salutary semedy are what I would have altered
or expunged.

And first, sir, the mode in which the rules are drawn
up is calculated to excite notice in animadverting upon
the system, and they cannot fail but tickle our risible
powers, and arouse some ridicule. The evident aiming
at law phraseology evinced in the drawing of them up,
and the bungling failure, is fully calculated to make a
reader laugh. The straining of the sentences—the elon-
gating of the phrases to attain this (seemingly to the
compilers) important end—is truly laughable : but, as
will ever be the case with the attempt at what is beyond
the capabilities of the compilers, they have fallen short of
mediocrity, and the rules are shrouded in the utmost ob-
scurity. I have been at them often till midnight, but
such is their confusion of terms and mystery of language,
that they are such a confused medley of heterogeneous
incon-iprehensibles, that I could make neither " top nor
tail of them."

What sage reasons the Liverpool Stock Exchange had
for the selection of these learned compilers, I know not ;
but in charity I am led to suppose that out of so many
they could have chosen clearer heads than they have been
pleased to appoint. Whether the compilers still look on
the result of their laborious lucubrations (for, to do them
justice, they bear evident marks of distressed labour), I
cannot tell, but should hope not, for the credit of their
own modesty. I can conceive that if we had another
Pope to write another " Dunciad," these "dull" results
of their heads and pens would be or are fully calculated
to secure them the envious immortality of a place in its
satirical and exquisite pages ; at all events they shall have
the honour of the application of the ancient Dunciad if
Pope does not rise from his grave to write another, for I
cannot conceive the following more happily applied than
to the said dull compilers that Pope wrote for the dunces
of his day : _ _ _

"Sinking from thought to thought—a vast profound--
Plunged for their sense, but found no bottom there;
Yet wrote, and floundered on in mere despair."

But I'll have done with the skill displayed in compiling,
and only say that I will no longer trouble myself with
these dull and obscure offsprings of misty brains, nor
any more

Dim the eyes and stuff the head
With all such reading as was never read."

Now to the obnoxious principle of the system—which,
as a whole, I greatly admire ; and first as to the payment
of differences. The
.law on this point I consider exces-
sively harsh and unjust, and your readers, when they
hear the law expounded, will scarcely believe me.. This
law enacts—(for I suppose we must speak legally and in
law phraseology when dealing with laws emanating from
so p, ofoundly legal a body, as these rates prove them if
not to be in reality, to wish to be thought s•, at least)—
that if stock sold to a broker should rise in value, and that
broker should take the turn of the market, the original
seller would have to pay the difference between the price
he sold and the price at which the said stock was ulti-
iw,tely sold! For instance, suppose A were to sell to B
100 shares in the Eastern Counties Railway at £l7, B
were to sell to C the said 100 at £2l. A though having to
receive •he money ultimately for his stock would have to
pay before he could receive hie payment from the ultimate
Luker Op difference between £l7 and £2l, viz. £4OOl

Now, sir, the system was established to facilitate specula-
tion, and to obviate the inconvenience that used to pre-
vail, viz., of a dozen or two parties going all at once to
settle in the same transaction. It is perfectly right that
the differences should be settled in this way, but ',hat I
complain of is, that the broker or principal, though
having to receive money, should be compelled to advance
these four hundreds and thousands of pounds. What!
when I have to receive £l7OO for my sioek, the broker to
come to me and say—" Sir, I must have the difference
between the price these shares were sold at, and the £2l
too," I should stare ! It would be most natural to say—
" ir, you ought rather to make me some compensation
for selling my shares at so low a price than call upon me
,o advance £lOO out of my own pocket, and risk the
chance of getting it back." This course will not do, and
if some alteration is not made, settling days will be done
away with altogether, which I for one, should exceedingly
reeret. But sir, it is fitting I should propose a remedy
having discovered the disease, and I earnestly conjure the
Liverpool Stock Exchange to sincerely digest and discuss.

There are nine days in .which stock has to be delivered ;
and, sir, instead of the day for payment of differences,
called the "settling day," being the day after the account,
I should propose that it be the real settling day, namely,
this ninth. Then, instead of a broker lying out of his
differences (which often amount to £4.000 with some
brokers) till the payment for his stock, for which he is
allowed nine days, he should pay the difference when he
has got, or has had the opportunity to get, the payment
for his stock. This is roost reasonable : the present plan
is most absurd, unreasonable, and unjust. I pay my
difference without any security for its repayment. I ac-
tually advance it for nine days. I lend it for other per-
sons' convenience: and whilst I might be making some-
thing with it, it is out—gone ' • thus risking its repayment,
losing bank commission, and any chance cf devoting it
in the meantime to another purpose, for which I may
have previously intended it. But, sir, if this remedy
suits not, I will offer another—which is, that the ultimate
buyer of stock pay this difference, and pay so much less
after for the stock. This, as regards the chance of losing
the difference, is as odious as the other perhaps; and
therefore I should propose the first and reasonable re-
medy.

The plan at present in operation is most unjust and ab-
surd. There are weak individuals in every business, who
are more worthy than even the stronger; and how unjust
that their very existence in the Stock Exchange is jeopar-
dised ! For, sir, if that difference be not paid the very
day after the broker knows he is liable, which knowledge
is communicated to him by means of difference tickets
on the " account day," and the money must he lodged in
the inspector's hands before welve o'clock next morning,
that functionary is compelled to declare him a defaulter,
and he is posted as no Inneer a member of that room.
The porter of the Stock Exchange would be ordered to
give him a tap, more fatal even than the tipstaff's, and
to inform him that he is NO LONGER A MEMBER OF THE
LIVERPOOL STOCK EXCHANGE' I The honourable, ho-
nest, but unfortunate broker goes sadly to his home, Ind
tells his family that he is a ruin, d man! I cannot hut
b-ok on this system of the payment of differences before
the broker can procure payment for his stock, as a dis-
creditable, unjust, and paltry attempt: of the strong bro-
kers to get rid of the weak. I call upon the Liverpool
Stock Exchange, in justice to itself, to remove themselves
from under the suspicion, and, in justice to the weak but
honourable members (who have despised extortion and
double commissions) of the respectable body, to repeal
the present unjust law, and if not to adopt, to pay serious
attention to, the remedy I humbly propose.
I also earnestly hope that you. sir, with the same ends
in view, and convinced of this evident injustice, will give
a place in your valuable columns (which I have chosen
for their respectability and circulation) to this short and
hasty attempt to suggest a remedy. of.
Sir, your constant reader,
NON-FACTOR.
have more remarks to make on these rules, but shall
defer them.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
14 'o. Prince's-street, Grange-lane. Birkenhead,
March 5, 1845.
Sits,—Will you favonr me by publishing the following
statement in your paper :

I opened ar, establishment for the education of young
ladies, in Birkenhead, at the close of the last vacation with
a fair prospect of success.
Judge, then, my dismay on finding that a report was in
circulation, and generally (mining credence, that my hus-
band (who has been reduced to a state of extreme debility,
both of mind and body, from the effects of an apoplectic
troke) was insane, and therefore dangerous as an inmate
where children, particularly boarders, were received.
As I at once perceived how injurious to my school such
a report must prove if uncontradicted, I felt it to be a duty
I owed to my family (however painful to my own feelings)
to give proofs of the utter groundlessness of such an as-
sertion. For this purpose I applied to Mr. Jobn Cooper
(who had visited our family in his medical capacity for
years, and attended Mr. Richards at the time he had the
stroke) for his candid opinion. I subjoin a c py of his
answer. All I have further to add is, that I trust no
Christian parents will deem me less worthy of being en-
trusted with the care and instruction of their children, for
humbly endeavouring to fulfil that whicil I believe to be
my bounden duty as a Christian by attending to the com-
forts of a being whose helpless state only gives him an ad-
ditional claim on my care and attention.
1 remain, Sir, your obedient servants
LETITIA RICHARDS.

A copy of Mr. John Cooper's statement, as addressed
to me. L. RICHARDS.

" DEAR MADAM,—Scarcely any thing could surprise
n.e more than that such a report as you speak of regard-
ing Mr. Richards state of mind should have prevailed.
Mr. Richards' friends know that he has had an apoplectic
stroke, and they must be aware that at present he is ex-
tremely weak in body, and Liat consequently his mental
powers are feeble too. So far from his being a dangerous
inmate of any house, I can most unhesitatingly certify
that a human being more harmless does not exist.• With
most sincere wishes for every success in your present un-
dertaking,

" I am, Madam, yours, respectfully,
"JOHN COOPER, Surgeon
" Bedford street North, Liverpool,
February 20, 1845."

LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.

The following is an abstract of a paper entitled " An
Analysis of Dr. Pritchard's researches into the Physical
History of the Indo-European Group of Nations," which
was read by Dr. Turnbull, before the Literary and Philo-
sophical Society, at their meeting on Monday night.
The learned and profound work by Dr. Pritchard, en-
titled " Researches into the Physical History of Man-
kind," has added much to the extent and accuracy of our
knowledge of the department of natural history of which
it treats; and it has shown by induction from closely ex-
amined facts, that the operation of physical agents, such
as depend upon diversity of climate, has much more effect
in inducing varieties in the physical characters of men
than has been generally admitted. The great object kept
in view by Dr. Pritchard has been the determining as to
whether there be one or more species of men, for which
purpose he has adopted two modes of investigation—one,
the analogical, involves every consideration founded on
physiology, or the laws of the animal economy ; the other,
the historical or ethnographical, comprises a survey of the
different tribes of men, and an investigation of their phy-
sical history.

His observations upon the tribes which collectively form
the population of Europe and Asia, have led him to dis-
tribute them into the three following groups and families :
Firer group—the Syro-Arahian race. This has also been
designated by other writers the Semeitic or Shemitic race.

Second group—the Indo-European or Iranian nations.
In the examination of the nations of this group, it has been
found that an affinity may be traced between their lan-
guages, which may all be referred to two closely-allied
branches : to the one, the Median or northern branch,
belong more especially the Persian and Germanic lan-
guages; to the other, the southern, the Sanskrit and the
classic languages of Greece and Italy.

The third division constitutes the -Allophyl;an races, the
different groups of which, including the Turanian nations
of Asia and some tribes in Spain and the north of Europe,
are all aliens to the stock and lineage of the Indo-Euro-
pean races.

In the examination of the Celtic race, it was shown that
the languages of the various tribes differed from each other
but slightly, and that the names of places resembled each
other in Gaul, Belgic, as well as Celtic. in Spain, Nori-
cum, Pannonia, and in the parts of Britain inhabited by
the aborigines, as well as those occupied by Belgic tribes.
In regard to the origin of the Irish Celts, or Gaelic, one
of two suppositions must be adopted : that the Gael were
an earlier wave of population, which passed over Britain
before it was occupied by the proper British race ; or that
the Gaelic and Welsh, being descendants of the same
stock, the diversity in the languages originated subse-
quent to the colonization of Britain and Ireland. In re-
ference to the physical characters of the Gauls, it was ob-
served that, whilst they are universally described by the
ancients as tall, fair, yellow-haired people, their descen-
dants ate by no means generally so, and a similar obser-
vation was made in regard to the Germans.
The other tribes, which were described as belonging to
the Indo-European group, were the ancient inhabitants of
Italy, the Slavonian nations of the east of Europe, includ-
ing the Russians, Poles, &c., the old Prussian or Lithu •
anian people, the Greeks, the Persians, the Affghans, the
llindoos, and the Armenians.

Of the Hindoos, whose languages are derived from the
Sanskrit, it was observed that they had come at a very
early period into Hindustan from some part west of the
Indus, and that they bad afterwards spread themselves
over the southern peninsula, though the languages of the
primitive inhabitants still maintain their ground in the
south-eastern part of the Dekkan.
In conclusion it was stated that traces of two series of
events can be recognized : one being the dispersion over
an immense space of the nations which belong to the Judo-
European stock from some common centre ; the other a
succession of migrations which must have preceded the
former by many ages. The era of the dispersion of the
Indo-European nations must have preceded by many ages
the commencement of European history and perhaps of
all contemporary records. The period, for instance, must
have been very remote when the idioms of the Hindoos,
the Medes and Persians, the Greeks and Latins, the Letts
and Slaves, the Goths and Germans, the Britons and the
Gael, began assume their pecul'ar characters, or were
first developed from common elements. The original seat
of the whole race may be conjectured with a probability of
near approximation to the truth. Toe primitive position
of the Indo-European tribes must have been some coun-
try batvrevn the extreme points of their dispersion. It is
generally imagikied to have been within the ancient Ira-
nian empire.