The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-01-03 00:00:00

OPENING OF WALLASEY BRIDGE

The opening of this bridge took place on Friday, when a
large concourse of persons was present. As early as two
o'clock the roar of cannon announced the approaching scene,
and exactly at three the procession, led by Mr. Palmer,
special high constable, moved on in the following order, in
carriages : The Rev. James Mainwaring, the Rev. Dr.
Byrth, J. D. Case, Esq., J. Harden, Esq., John Jackson,
Esq., W. Smith, Esq., and Jos. IVlallaby, Esq. Amongst
the company we noticed the Hon. Sir Edward Cust, J. D.
Maddock, Esq., W. Jackson, Esq., E. J. Kent, Esq., and
numerous other gentry connected with the neighbourhood.
The procession crossed the bridge, which was decorated
with flags, the band playing " God save the Queen," at the
conclusion of which, three times three hearty cheers were
given, and on passing through the turnpike on the Poulton
side, the Rev. J. Mainwaring rose in his carriage and ad-
dressed the assembly as follows :
Gentlemen,—We are now an ived at that point of our little
ceremonial when, perhaps. it may be expected that I should
say a few words with reference to this undertaking itself. In
the first place, I must express my sincere conviction, that a
regard to the public accommodation was a principal motive
with the promoters of the work ;—that a direct and facile
communication between two districts of country hitherto
dissevered, and, as it were, hermetically sealed against each
other, was with them a great and desirable object. The
principle must be admitted to be good, though the manner
in which the principle has been carried out may he somewhat
contracted, I will not deny. Still, however, as much has
been accomplished as might have been expected. With the
limited means at our disposal, we have achieved much, and
I think we may take to ourselves some credit for the appear-
ance which the work now assumes. In the department which
has more immediately devolved upon me, I have to acknow-
ledge all the assistance which liberality and sound judgment
can bring to an undertaking ; and 1 trust my colleagues will
receive a recompense, if not a pecuniary one, at least one
arising from the reflection that they have contributed, in a
material degree, to the improvement of the district alluded
to. When we look around and see what has been accom-
plished by individual enterprise—when we see a new town,
not a rival, but a sister of the old emporium, starting into
life upon our Mersey's banks, we cannot but anticipate some
results from the ceremonial of to-day. It may suggest
another work of larger dimensions and more eligible site,
which I, for one, should not regard with the eye of jealousy, but
hail with feelings of joy and satisfaction. What a few years
may do for the district on which we now stand, I dare not
predict. In my day I have witnessed mighty changes, and
perhaps this work of ours may lead to still further changes.
iVith these feelings I beg to consign this work to your in-
dultent consideration, trusting it may prove what its pro-
moters sincerely intend it should prove,—a benefit and
aecommodatiOn to the districts more immediately interested.
Perot me to solicit your approbation in three hearty ex-
pressions of your feelings for the success of the Wallasey
Pool Bridge. [The rev. gentleman's speech was followed
by unanimous cheering.]

Sir Edward Cust, in proposing a vote of thanks to the
Rev. James Nlainwaring and the committee, expressed his
thanks for their generous and assiduous conduct in carrying
out the design and completing the bridge.
J. D. Case, Esq., in seconding the proposition, passed a
high culogium on the committee for the zealous discharge of
the duties entrusted to them.

The gentleman composing the committee and their friends
dined together at 'Airs. Parry's, the Seacombe Hotel, at six
o'clock.

THE AMERICAN COTTON CROP.—For the last two years
comparatively little curiosity has been felt as to the amount of
the crop of cotton iu the United States, every one being sa-
t,fied that it would be large enough to meet any demand
which could arise in the then prostrate condition of the cot •
ton manufacture of this country. But the present improved
aspect of the trade, and the probability of an extended con-
sumption during the next twelve months, have revived the
interest which was previously felt on this subject ; and, as the
period of the year has now arrived when some reasonable
judgment may he formed as to the probable extent of the
oa.ing crop, the advices just received by the Columbia have
been regarded with great attention by parties interested in
the matter. We sre glad to state that, so far as we have
been able to learn, the mercantile letters generally tend to
cc nfirm the previous anticipations of a very large crop ; not
less, at Al events, than 2,000,000 bales, and estimated by many
at from 2,100,000 to 2,250,000 bales. That these latter esti-
ma'es are a littleioo sanguine is probable enough, and the
assumption may be admitted without endangering that steadi-
ness of price in the raw material which is at the present time
so rs,ential to the prosperity of the cotton manufacture. A
crop of 2,000,000,000 bales (of which probably 1,100,000 or
1,200,000 may be expected to reach this country) will re-
move all apprehensions of inadequate supply.—Manchester
Guardian.

AFRICAN EMIGRATION TO THE WEST INDIES.—Mr.
Macgregor Land, in a letter to a weekly journal, makes the
following statement:—" The government have at length de-
termined to foillw out the recommendatious of the West
African committees of last session, by taking into their own
hands the African migration that has been and is now going
on to the West Indies ; and on Saturday advertisements for
transports of 350 tons, to convey free African emigrants from
Sierra Leone to the West Indies, will appear. Taking for
granted that Lord Stanley has given the sanction of his
name and that of the government to this great experiment
(fraught as it is with the most important consequences to the
cause of freedom throughout the world), on condition that it
shall be carried out on the broadest basis of freedom—that
the emigrant invited from the African coasts shall, after the
lapse of a st p lilted time, have the option of a free return to
his native country, and that he shall be landed in the West
Indies as free as a British-born emigrant is landed at Quebec
or Sydney,—considering that no British minister would dare
openly (it has been done covertly for some time) to encourage
and invite emigration without such conditions attached to it.
I do most heartily rejoice that tree African emigration is to
be taken up as a government measure—is to be carried on
under the immediate superintendence of government officers
specially appointed for the purpose, in national ships (which
to all pr actical purposes transports are), and taken entirely
out of the control of the commission and colonial agents, in
whose hands it was fast running into abuse. The colonies
are to pay the whole expense incurred ; and, as far as trans-
ports are concerned, this is right and proper—the direct and
immediate benefit will be to them ; but if a mail communi-
cation by sleam•vessels had been carried out, the Imperial
Government might fairly have been called upon for a moiety
of the expense, on the ground of the increased facilities it
would have offered to commerce, and its political importance
as connected with the right-of-search question. Steam-boats
were proposed, but rejected, on the ground that the im-
portance of the sublect did not warrant the expense; a
pretty sure proof that the government of this country do not
as yet look upon African emignition as anything more than
a mere sop to the West Indian interest—its importance in a
moral and financial point of view bas yet to be developed."
THE IRISU POOR LAW.—If proof were wanting of the
proposition that Ireland would be most benefitted by avail-
ing herself in full of the aid of powerful England, instead of
relying on her own local agitators, Mr. O'Connell's newest
production, hig letter on the Irish Poor Law, would furnish
it. For the nonce he waves the direct discussion of repeal ;
but he does not give up that main object of his present ef-
forts. Now, if the Union were repealed, Mr. O'Connell
would inevitably be a leading man in the country—a chief
lawgiver; and here is a test of his qualifications for the
office. Be it never forgotten, that Mr. O'Connell was
greatly instrumental in obtaining Catholic emancipation for
his country—a service which can scarcely be overrated, un-
less it be repaid by giving m license and opportunity to do
his beloved country all the njury which his wayward fancy
can devise. He opposed the passing of the Irish Poor Law,
as he had a right to do. He has a right also to revive the
discussion, as he now does : 'the thinks it worth while to
put forth a tissue of assertions, the gist of which is that spon-
taneous charity is a better provision for the destitute than a
national relief under proper regulations, one can only wish
him a less idle employment for his talents than the simple
contradiction of what all the best authorities have declared
in favour of. But that more harmless matter is introduced
by the suggestive warning, that unless the present system
of Poor Law be abolished, " it will produce a san-
guinary and general insurrection ;" and with the still
more mischevious admission, that resisting the law to
the death is a venal offence.—" Blood, alas ! has been shed :
and, taking it for granted that the slayers on the recent oc-
casion were as guiltless as the circumstances would admit,
yet that very fact may, perhaps, give to every thinking mind
a stronger impression of impending per ils ;" in the qualified
allowance for the police, who resisted a tumultuous mob ar-
rayed against the law, is conveyed to the excitable ,rish peo-
ple the assurance that the guilt was on the side of those who
enforced the law. With that implied license to the working
Irish, Mr. O'Connell's letter couples a set railing against the
landlords of Ireland. Such is the temper of the "pacificator,"
what are his measures? Either the total repeal of the poor-
law, followed by an augmentation of medical charities and a
multiplication of other charities, or a poor-rate on income ;
ail incomes to be exempt which are below £5OO a-year ; the
rate to augment proportionately as the income rises, " until,
if necessary, it should be 50 per cent. upon the enormous
incomes of absentee proprietors !" Such is the neasure of
justice which Mr. O'Connell promises to the Anglo-Saxon
part of the Irish people, if his repeal of the union were car-
ried out. And it is proposed as a principle of practical and
judicious legislation, that persons whose incomes are under
£5OO a-year should be held exempt from all share in the sup..
port of their destitute countrymen. Perhaps Mr. O'Connell's
letter had no greater object than to absorb into the repeal ranks
the anti-Poor Law body which he thinks he sees growing up in
Ireland. But he could not plead that ruse to withdraw his
letter from criticism : it is either a very unbecoming trick,
or it is a specimen of the measures which he would think
wise; and, accepting it in the latter sense, it is a sample of
the legislation to be expected from the College-green Par-
liament, could that by possibility be restored. Being so, it
may be put to sensible men in Ireland, whether they bad not
rather cultivate a more intimate union with England, and a
more thorough extension of English government to their
land, than have heaps of legislation like this sample? Pro-
bably the best antagonism to the repeal agitation—which is
11 not harmless because it is an agitation—would be a combined
11 effort to draw closer the union with England; to abolish the
lord-lieutenancy, for instance, and place Ireland, like Scot-
' land, directly under the Home-office; retaining, like Scot-
land, its Attorney-General in Parliament, if possible, to
watch over its legal technicalities, and retaining all needful
staff of judges, but having no distinct political department.
Such a measure would tend to deaden much gratuitousanel
perverse hostility, which is now provoked by the fact of b
hav-
ing such a target as a Lord-Lieutenant : Irelandmncriwisotuld;
it
one of three kingdoms to judge the acts of the
t
mffi special go-
eland
urgevceorunldor.lt
now oaurlbdi tarlasroy
tend
to toud theua persong ra d u a
loyf
a Hoene-office practice in the business of r.f
government
with that of England.—Speetater. overa
Ireland

CORRESPONDENCE

SUNDAY TRADING

---.^..... .
..: 'ea,
TO VIE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STAND-Zttlb:-4,,g. li
Slit,—ln your excellent paper of Friday last, yditt-re'llif? -~
under the head of " Sunday Trading" certain pr FtiNgilt._:
which have been taken against the sellers of chea 44i...
call, unstamped Sunday newspapers, -11 yeWt •P
long carried on this most injurious trade on the Lord's -...'"ik r
I have been favoured with a sight of one of the honks w•hic '
?
was handed to the ni•r.gistr:ate on Tin.
" Voltaire's Philosophical Diction;,rt•,'
pence ; and should there be a doubt in the mind of any of
your readers as to whether this class of books is really ob-
jectionable, I beg to refer them to the treatise on Adultery
in the above-named volume.

Part 1., price ft

Intlernen connected with

I am rejoiced to find that the 6,.
the district of St. Matthias' Church are determined to e..
force the act of parliament in the reign of Charles 11., which
enacts that no business or ordinary occupation whatever be
carried on on the Lord's Day; that all goods and fruit exposed
for sale or► the Lord's Day be forfeited, and sold for the
benefit of the poor of the parish.
I deeply regret to see, in the Liverpool ?Mercury of Friday
last, a paragraph purporting to be a report of a case in the
Police-court, in which the defendant (Bridget Cooper) was
fined ss. for selling fruit on Sunday, Dec. 18th ; and the magistrate remarks that such trading, in his opinion, is in-
nocent, though the law compels him to inflict the fine.
These are indeed strange times, when, in the good old town
of Liverpool, a stipendiary magistrate declares an act to be
INNOCENT which the law distinctly forbids. It is indeed a
noble feature i❑ the political constitution of this country,
that there are some laws which do not leave a magistrate any
power to mitigate the penalties they so justly inflict.
I again repeat. I am rejoiced to read what took place in
the Police-court last Thursday, and great praise is due to
those who have originated these movements; and, in con-
clusion, I trust that you will, through the medium of your
excellent journal, bring this matter fully to light.
I am, sir, yours, &c.,

Jan. 2nd, 1843

A CHURCHMAN

FASHIONS FOR JANUARY

(From the " London and Paris Ladies' Magazine of
Fashion.")
. _ . .

Many morning toilettes in Paris' are made of drap with
tight sleeves, corsage high and tight, worked in braid, or
trimmed more frequently with wide biais of velvet. Prome-
nade dresses of pekin, satin, poult de soie, with sleeves of
moderate size, a little fulness at the armhole, and jockeys
formed of a rounded biais braided ; silk braid has been suc-
ceeded by velvet braid, but both kinds are more generally
used for evening dresses. Short sleeves are universal of an
evening, they are tight with very little ornament ! various
kinds of mittens are worn with them ; sonic are of velvet,
black, violet, or green, with shaded embroidery on the hand,
and laced from the wrist to the top, where they are finished
with cord and tassels. Very rich materials are worn in
dress at this moment, pekins of every shade with velvet
stripes, pekins agate, nacre damas, with patterns of white
silk shot with silver brocard Pompadour, &c. Elegant
redingotes of black satin are embroidered in relief, and some
of green velvet have been ornamented all round in imitatio.:
of guipure with braid of a paler green. The prettiest novelty
tor dresses of petite: soirees are those in the style of Louis
XIII., they are of organdy, ornamented on each side of the
front of the skirt by two guilles, formed of two inlets of
point de Venice, enlarging to the bottom, and leaving an
open space in the centre of organdy, on which are placed
muds of ribbon a la Louis Xl.ll. ; there are similar ;muds
on the sleeves, and barthe round the corsage of narrow
fringed ribbon. Black velvet dresses are ornamented with
fringes and berthe of jet a jour. Ball dresses of crape or
tulle are pretty and light ornamented with bonillonnes of
pink or blue gauze, or of white gauze with ruches of pink
tulle; ornaments of shaded ribbon are also used as coque:,
&c., for robes de bat, as well as flowers.

Camails of point de Venise, application of Brussels,
Mechlin and black lace are all now in fashion, and various
new berthes have appeared open in front, with square
corners and very deep ; they are much worn with low
dresses, particularly with those of velvet. Camails of ermine
are lined with pale blue satin, with small square open collar,
showing the blue lining. Camails of sable are lined with
pink. Camails of velvet and paletots Polonais of deep blue
satin are lined with ermine; fur trimmings of all kinds are
fashionable. The Venetian manteau of velvet, satin or
cachemire, the manteau Armenien of black cloth with gimp
trimmings, and the paletot, are all now worn with a variety
of others f the mantetet style. Generally speaking, bonnets
are worn a little larger, and straight; satin bonnets have the
edge finished with crape lissie or bouillons of tulle; feathers,
flowers, shaded velvet ribbons, &c., are the usual ornaments,
and veils, but they rather ornament the bonnet than protect
the face. Small Moorish handkerchiefs are worn on the
head, confined by two gold pins; they form points of red,
black, or gold, terminating behind and at the two corners by
Arabian tassels. The coiffure Marquise will be the one most
in fashion, but many others will be worn, the Ai menian
turban, the coiffures Sorel, Petrarque, the little dowager
cap, toques a la Louis X///., &c., &c.

A CHRISTMAS NOSEGAY._—On Christmas.day, Mr. R.
Webber, of Silverton, gathered in his garden at that place
a nosegay composed of carnations, picotees, pinks, double
and Single Brompton stocks, double red and white primroses,
marygolds, polyanthuses, auriculas, double and single ane-
monies, with many other flowers, sometimes seen at this
season of the year. Mr. Webber has also three roots of
dahlias now growing luxuriantly against the south wall of
his garden; they have thrown out within the last fortnight
numerous shoots of many inches in length, with buds for-
med, which, should the mild weather continue, will no doubt
expand.— Western Luminary.
Loss OF THE BRITISH BRIG NAIAD, AND SUFFERING
OF HER CREW.—The British brig Naiad, from Halifax to
Demerara, was fallen in with, Nov. 11, in lat. 20.10, long.
55.10, full of water, and the only survivor taken off, by the
Shawmut, arrived at Boston from Rio Janeiro. The sur-
vivor, William Fosdick, stated that they left Demerara on
September 14, and on the 22nd, in lat. 294, were capsized in
a henvy squall under close-reefed topsails at the time. She
righted next day full of water, but with loss of spars and
mainmasts. A little flour was washed up from the hold,
which they collected and dried in the sun, and ate. Every-
thing was done by Fosdick to keep up the spirits of his com-
panions (seven in number), but they all drooped and died
except one, who, with Fosdick, went into the maintop in a
very stormy night. It coming on to rain, Fosdick touched
his companion in order to rouse him to obtain a few drops of
water as it fell, but found him dead. In the morning he cut
him loose, and he fell into the sea. He then remained six
days before the Shawmut hove in sight, and when taken on
board he was unable to speak or walk, but the medical skill
of the captain saved his life, having been 49 hours without
food or water.

THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN.—The Presidential cam-
paign is now fairly opened on the part of the Locofocus.
They have six candidates in the field, viz., Mr. Van Buren,
Mr. Calhoun, General Cass, Mr. Johnson, Mr. Buchanuan,
and Mr. Benton. The great struggle will probably be be-
tween Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Calhoun. The friends of
General Cass hope that he may be brought in as a third
man. Mr. Van Buren will he the northern, and Mr. Cal-
houn the southern cendidate of the party. Mr. Benton,
supposed to possess a controlling influence in Missouri,
although a southern man, is violently opposed to Mr. Cal-
houn, and is the friend of Mr. Van Buren. A convention
will be held to canvass the relative merits and claims of the
respective gentlemen, and to decide who shall be the candi-
date. That convention may possibly terminate its labours
harmoniously, and its recommendation may receive the sup-
port of the entire party; but, if this should be the result, I
shall be greatly disappointed. The Whigs seem to i a waiting
the moving of the waters. Their
i opponents appear to consi-
der them prostrated. But such s not the fact. No man in
the whig ranks has yet been named but Mr. Clay. He,
however, has not given his consent to be a candidate ; nor is
it known whether he will. If he does not, it is probable that
the loco-focos will have the field to themselves.—The Gene-
vese Traveller, in the Times;

BLESSINGS OF INCORPORATION,—In the seven years that
have elapsed since the passing of the Municipal Retorm Act,
the corporate expenditure of Leeds has been augmented from
expense,
trouble, and an.
revisions and
elections of councillors, and assessors, &c. In addition to
recurring
littletperoy a nmoreee.
annum,
besides
o occasioned
ahasi
iundneesdBAM per annum to upwards of £22,000
theh y
the enormousannua
annually
this the operation of that act has rendered it necessary, in
the opinion of the town-council, that a new gaol and house
of correction should be erected in the borough. This is es-
es-
timated to cost some £38,000, but probably the actual cost of
the land and the erections will not fall short of .E. 15,000.
This will have to be repaid within thirty-years, with interest
the meanwhile, which will in all likelihood swell the amount
to £BO,OOO. Then comes the new improvement act and the
burial ground act. The former of these acts, it will be re-
membered, empowers the council to borrow £lOO,OOO upon
security of the improvement rates, besides laying a yearly
improvement rate of fourpence in the pound on all the rate-
able property in the borough, and a lamp rate of eightpence
in the pound upon property within the certain prescribed
limits, land paying one-third as much as buildings. By the
burial ground act, the council are empowered to purchase
from time to time the requisite land for burial grounds ; but
as, by the 28th and 29th sections, only those lands which
may be purchased and provided within or for the township of
Leeds, within the space of three years next after the passing
of the act, are to be divided into two equal divisions or quan-
tities, one moiety for burial, according to the rites of the
church, and the other moiety for the separate burial of dis-
senters, it will be the wish of the dissenters in the council to
purchase as large a quantity as possible before the expiration
of the term ; and hence arises another source of increased
expenditure. It seems, moreover, from what passed last
week at the Town-council, that some of those who take the
lead in its management, contemplate a continual borrowing
on the security of the rates, so that for a long tine to come
we shall have large sums to pay, in interest, establishment
charges, salaries, and the cost of improvements.--Leeds
In-
tellioencer.

:William CRUELTY en?
AFAT
during her
was brought Whittaker,
fur starving
tcmuirsedciartyee
Cheltenham,
HER TO HIS CHILDREN.—On Sa-
was very ill, musician, living in King -street,
parish surgeounp, abta:li'neginastttaenncdeedo
and neglecting his ctfhhitelhd
. and, o
This inducedntking
Guardians
Gregory,
he was assisted bywife
.eißfueo.a
of ri‘dtihore
..f
Gregory, the
aconfinement, saw that the eldest child
after men tiMonrin it by the hand, it attempted to
him to institute an inquiry, in which:
bite him.
Butt,t
u thtehemraegliisetamintges-
stance relieving;
of the child h • ' •
touchtrying bit his hand when be attempted to
it, said :
state, and had —" I found that the child was in a starving:
the
child's gnawed its fingers from hunger. On observing
other hand,
Why it which was tied up in a rag, I inquiredt
was so and the mother said its biting b
fingers. ,
On taking off the rag, .I found that it had bit the
fleshthe very badly in many places. I stated this to Mr. Butt,
relieving-officer, and, about twenty minutes to eleven
o'clock
in the forenoon, ue went to the prisoner's house.
and found Ihim at breakfast on tea and toast. Two children
I were in the room, one on the bed, which he (the prisoner)
took up like a cat, and pulled it out. I asked him where the
other children were : he said up stairs, and be would fetch
them. I said, ` No, we will go up.' When he went out be
attempted to shut the door, but we pulled it open and fol-
lowed him to the garret, where we found the children on
what may be termed a dunghill. It was a dreadful sight. I
never saw a child in such a state in my life before. I asked
how he could have his breakfast without his children. He
answered that they were so dirty, and that be put them on
clothes in the day ; but, on insisting to see the clothes, be
was compelled to acknowledge that they bad none. The
W
mother said, ` Indeed the children are e starce ndvinged to the
.'
Butt, who was also examined, stated, " as
garret, and of all the sights that ever I lan
beheld it was tbe
worst. No bed, no clothes, no sheets, no bkets, the
children on the floor on a dung wizen, not dressed : a rem-
nant of something on, I know not h
wat to call it : the priso-
ner took one by the arm, and pulled it out of bed like a dog:
it was covered with filth :it idently b
evad not been cleaned
for many days. The state of the room and stench was hor-
rid. There was a quantity of rags and an accumulation of
filth in one corner. These children were like the others,
starving. I sent some coals, and got a woman to wash the
children, and found the necessary things for doing it. I
went to the workhouse, and procured some nourishing food;
for them, and immediately sent it. I likewise got some
clothes and a bed for them. One of the poor little children
was produced in court, and its moans sunk into the heart of
every one present, though Mr. Gregory stated that it was
then much better, having had some been
sent to prison to
nourishing food and
made clean. The ruffian of a father was
await his trial at the sessions.

From Mugg

tottrr.