The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-05-16 00:00:00

NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT,

In compliance with the instructions of the Commissioners
of the Fine Arts, Mr. Barry has delivered a report contain-
ing his views as to the internal decorations of the new
Houses of Parliament. _

Mr. Barry observes—" With reference to the interior of
the new Houses of Parliament generally, I would suggest
that the walls of the several halls, galleries, and corridors of
approach, as well as the various public apartments through-
out the building, should be decorated with paintings having
reference to events in the history of the country ; and that
those paintings should be placed in compartments formed by
such a suitable arrangement of the architectural design of the
interior as will best promote their effective union with the
arts of sculpture and architecture. 'With this view I should
consider it to be of the utmost importance that the paintings
should be entirely free from gloss on the surface, and that
they may be perfectly seen and fully understood from all
points of view. That all other portions of the plain sur-
faces of the walls should be covered with suitable architect.
onic decoration or diapered enrichment in colour, occasion-
ally heightened with gold, and blended with armorial bear-
ings, badges, cognizances, and other heraldic insignia, em-
blazoned in their proper colours. That such of the halls as
are groined should have their vaults decorated in a similar
manner, with the addition occasionally of subjects or works
of art, so interwoven with the diapered ground as not to dis-
turb the harmony or the effect of the architectural composi-
tion.

" That the floors of the several halls, galleries, and corri-
dors, should be formed of encaustic tiles, bearing heraldic
decoration and other enrichments in colours, laid in margins
and compartments, in combination with polished British
marbles; and that the same description of marbles should
also be employed for the steps of the several staircases.
"That the walls, to the height of from 8 to 10 feet, should
be lined with oak framing, containing shields with armorial
bearings, emblazoned in their proper colours, and an oak
seat should in all cases be placed against such framing. That
the windows of the several halls, galleries, and corridors
should be glazed doubly, for ti e purpose of tempering the
light, and preventing the direct rays of the sun from inter-
fering with the effect of internal decorations generally.
" The Victoria Gallery.—This gallery will be 130 feet long,
45 feet wide, and 50 feet high, and with a flat ceiling, and
will admit of both paintings and sculpture. The subjects of
the paintings on the walls, 16 in number, which may be 12
feet long and 10 feet high, might relate to some of the most
remarkable pageants of British history, or other appropriate
subjects. Statues of her present most gracious Majesty
might fill the central niches at the ends of the hall ; and the
other niches, as well as the pedestals between the paintings,
might be occupied by statues of her Majesty's ancestors.
The statues might, with good effect, be of bronze, either par-
tially or wholly gilt. _

"Corridors of access throughout the Building.—The prin-
cipal corridors of access to the various apartments of the
building will be 12 feet wide; their ceilings will be flat, and
they will be generally lighted from windows near the ceiling.
The walls may be decorated with portraits as well as paint-
ings, illustrative of some of the most eminent personages.
For this purpose about 2,600 feet in length of wall, by a
height of about 7 feet, may be appropriated on the principal
floor ; 900 feet in length, by a height of about 7 feet, on the
one-pair floor, and about 400 feet, by the same height, on the
two-pair floor. These paintings may be divided into sub.
jects at pleasure, by margins or borders of architectural de-
corations, in accordance with the style of the building.
"The House of Lords will be 93 feet long, 45 feet wide,
and 50 feet high, and will have a flat ceiling in panels. The
fittings for the accommodation required will leave little space
for.painting, but niches will be provided, which might be
filled with statues. The architectural details of the ceiling
may be enriched and relieved with gold and colour, and the
windows filled with stained glass. The whole of the fittings
are proposed to be of oak, with appropriate carvings. The
throne will be highly enriched and relieved by colour and
gilding, and the back lined with a cloth of gold, containing
the royal arms emblazoned in colours.
" The house of Commons will be 83 feet long, 46 feet
wide, and 50 feet high, and will have a flat ceiling. It is pro-
posed to be finished in the same style as the House of Lords,
but with less enrichment, and less of colour and gold in its
decorations. The nature of its design, and the extent of the
fittings for the accommodation required, will not admit of
either painting or sculpture."

THE BROUGHAM HALL ESTATES.—(From a Correspon-
dent).—The question which has been lately raised with regard
to the right to this property still continues to excite consi-
derable interest in the counties of Cumberland and West-
moreland. The real facts of the case are, it is believed, ex-
ceedingly simple. For the last fifty years, claims have, from
time to time been put forward by different branches of the
family of Bird, with the view of recovering the estate. The
last of that family, Mr. J. Bird, Barrister-at-law, entailed
the property on his own offspring, and in default of issue, to
his own "right heirs for ever." On the part of the Broug-
ham family, it is alleged that they bought the estate of that
gentleman's grandchildren, and on the part of the Birds,
that those grandchildren were not entitled to dispose of an
estate so entailed. With the view of curing the defects in
the title, the Broughams have passed fines and recoveries,
and done everything else in their power to secure possession.
It would seem, however, that if the Birds were improperly
deprived of their patrimony no length of time would justify
the act. From a letter which recently appeared from Lord
Brougham's solicitors, in the London and provincial papers,
it would seem that they ridicule the idea that Lord Broug-
ham's house was called " Bird's-nest" before the Broughams
purchased it, giving, as their authority, a manuscript of Ni-
cholson, Bishop of Carlisle, which states that " Browham-
hall, the seat of the Broughams " was in existence in 1660,
at which date the manuscript was written. It unfortunately
happens, however, for the position assumed, that in 1660
Bishop Nicholson was only five years old. It is generally
understood that there is something in the affair which still
requires a satisfactory explanation.—Times.

TUESDAY MORAIIVG, MAY 16, 1843.

The discussions on Sir James Graham's Education
Bill have again brought the Rev. Hugh M'Neile before
the public, and we perceive that the reverend gentleman
again occupies the distinguished and enviable position
of our Reformed and Established Church—attacked
on both sides—by the dissenters, because she is esta-
blished ; and by the Romanists and Tractarians, be-
cause she is reformed.

A correspondent of the Mercury attacks Mr. M`Neile
as a high churchman desiring to bring the people
under the yoke of ecclesiastical tyranny. A corre-
spondent of the 11/ail attacks him as a low churchman
neglecting to instruct the people in their obedience to
their ecclesiastical superiors. This is high praise. It
speaks volumes at once for his faithfulness and his
moderation. These writers sneer at men who "rejoice
at seeing their churches crowded when they preach,"
and also "in the plaudits of the meetings now so
fashionable." In crowded churches and applauding
meetings, with all their incalculable benefits to the
community, Mr. M`Neile has indeed good ground for
rejoicing. No tractarian can command any such in-
fluence. Hinc lachrymm IWe commend to their
notice the sentiments. of Mr. Plumptre and the cheers
of Sir Robert Peel in the House of Commons a few
nights since.

A Tractarian correspondent of the Mail winds up a
number of sly insinuations, by saying significantly that
" an Englishman is a ruminating animal." It is indeed
upon the animal propensities of man, that Tracta-
rianism must depend for its success. If they prevail,
it will prevail. Mr. M‘Neile, and all sound Protes-
tants, depend upon the gracious agency of the Divine
Spirit to keep alive among Englishmen the love of the
Bible and the love of the monarchy ; by the one de-
fending them from the false theology (in all its ramifi-
cations) of Romanism; and by the other, from the re-
publican politica of dissent. Mr. M‘Neile's speech has
told on both sides, and we perceive that it has been
reprinted in London and various parts of the country.
The reverend gentleman has the prayers and blessings
of thousands of the people. Operative churchmen
look up with thankfulness and animation at the men-
tion of his name, and exclaim, God bless him ; and
good reason have they for doing so.

With the triumphant speech of Sir Robert Peel on
Friday last before us, directly negativing the supposi-
tion that any factious opposition in Parliament, or out
of doors, can coerce him to further tampering with the
existing Corn-laws, we trust that we may at length
calculate upon a revival of that public confidence which,
in the opinion of most commercial men, is alone wanted
for a renewed development of the industrial resources
of the nation. In this important commercial commu-
nity, we may gate it as a fact, that the prevalent feel-
ing is just now a fervent desire for political quiet. We
pray to be released from that ceaseless contemplation
of political and financial change, which so materially
interferes with the progress of steady mercantile opera.
tions. We have around us all the elements which
contribute to the formation of a state of healthy com-
mercial prosperity. The prices of most of the staples
of our manufactures are almost unprecedentedly low.
The food of the people is abundant and cheap. The
wild mania for speculative investment which operated
so fatally a few years ago is now extinct. Mercantile
credit is returning to its wonted sound condition, and
our business transactions are carried on upon a more
solid basis than for years past. We have had recently
opened to the enterprise of British merchants and ma-
nufacturers the vast markets of China; we have just
had placed within our reach the navigation of the Indus
and an intercourse with the rich producing districts
upon its banks; and viewing our position as a whole,
externally and internally, there never perhaps existed
for British commerce a fairer prospect of conferring
blessings and plenty upon all classes of our popu-
lation.

What is there which can impede the attainment of
a good so desirable ? The answer is—AGITATION.
This mischievous power alone, unsettling the minds
of the mercantile and middle classes, and inflaming
those of the working population, is able to retard the
return of all to a condition of health and security. By
factiotis agitation, alone, can the boon for which every
good man ought to pray—the enjoyment of a pros-
perous commerce and a remunerating industry—be
turned away from our grasp; and to discourage and
put down such agitation ought to be the effort to which
all the energies of the well disposed ought at once to
be directed.

It is now morally certain, that the hope of inducing
government—by clamour within the walls of Parlia-
ment, by ceaseless petitioning, by theatrical displays
in the metropolis and the diatribes of hired lecturers
in the agriculturing districts —hiving been extin-
guished by the manly declaration of the Premier, the
efforts of the Anti-Corn-law League will from hence-
forth be directed to the achievement of a state of
things throughout the country little short of impending
revolution. Pamphleteering and spouting having failed
to convince the reason of the supporters of native agri-
culture, intimidation by the masses will be now re-
sorted to for the accomplishment of the objects of this
seditious conspiracy. Already we hear of extended
organisation, and new levies of money, to be devoted
to an action upon the constituencies. We hear of
large buildings to be erected for the accommodation of
the mobs who shout at such gatherings. In a few
months every organ of public disturbance which can
be pressed into the service of the faction, will be
eagerly directed by the frantic agitators of the League,
to stir up disaffection and sedition against the govern-
ment and the existing laws of the country. That effort
must be met by Conservatives promptly and vigo-
rously ; and if it is so met, by the true-hearted and
loyal of our fellow-countrymen, it will be put down.
' The Conservatives strength of the nation need only to
display itself, to have its bidding respected and obeyed.
But can this be done by the ordinary instrumenta-
lities, which are sufficient for the every-day emergen-
cies of society ? Can a body so powerfully organised,
possessed of such restless activity, and working with such
unscrupulous weapons, as the Anti-Corn-law League, be
successfully opposed by merely casual and individual
efforts ? We say, emphatically, "No !" Glance even
at the past efforts, by which, on the part of the
League, and, more recently, on the part of the dissent-
ing body, the cause of Conservatism—the cause of
truth and of the amelioration of the human race—has
been assailed. Glance at the multitudinous petitions
which have loaded the table of the House of Commons
during the past few weeks, and reflect upon the
amount of energy and organisation which must have
been called into action ! Conservatives, to enable
them to perform their duty to their country and their
church, must clothe themselves with the same energy—
must be enabled to display the same organisation—or,
depend upon it, although for a moment they may alp-
pear to lean upon a support which is unassailable—
the inherent soundness and strength of the cause of
which they boast themselves the supporters—the time
will come when
amidst the howling assaults of their

embuhlBn64 nutagoniatg, they will IWO MOB to lament'
that purblind folly 'which has led them to procrastinate,
until the last hour, the important task of marshalling
themselves for the d ecisive struggle !
We are not alarmists. Knowing thoroughly, as we
do, the contemptible source of this Anti-Corn-law
agitation, we might be justified in regarding :ts as-
saults as scarcely worth providing armour to repel.
But such a course is not one founded upon even
human wisdom. The most contemptible worm, which
at any moment you might crush with your heel, if
admitted to crawl to a sensitive part of the frame, may
strike at life; and this leagued congregation of paltry
nuisances, if permitted to go on undisturbed in their
incendiary career, may fan a flame in England which
it may require more blood and tears to extinguish than
we can or dare to contemplate. To our fellow-towns-
men, therefore, we say, reinvigorate the energies of
your Conservative and Protestant association. Meet
the insidious or the open assaults of your wily oppo-
nents with a bold front. Be prepared to support the
Conservative government of Sir Robert Peel by your
petitions and your votes ; and by so doing, and thus
alone, you will be performing your duty to yourselves,
your country, and your God !

The agricultural portion of the community believe,
of course, that there are three branches of the legisla-
ture—Queen, Lords, and Commons. They are mis-
taken ; there are more ! There is a House of Com-
mons, which they had some share in electing, and
which sits in that chamber • which supplies the place of
St. Stephen's Chapel; and there is another self-elected
body—the representative of a portion of spindles and
looms of the empire--which sits in an hotel in Palace-
yard. The proceedings of the legitimate branches of
the constitution our readers will find in their allotted
places in our paper; those of the subsidiary branch
we are compelled to refer to—with less prominence,
perhaps, than its members may think their desert—in
our editorial columns.

Well, this subsidiary parliament—this congregation
of the extraordinary lights of the world—met together
on Thursday, and, amongst other matters, agreed to
a petition, to be presented to the legitimate representa-
tives of the Commons, in parliament assembled, of
which the following is a copy :
" RESOLVED, that your petitioners again declare
their conviction that all protecting duties whatever upon
articles of manufacturing or agricultural industry are
injurious to the true interests of the country."
Here is item the first of the convictions of a league
parliament! "ALL PROTECTING DUTIES WHAT-
EVER are injurious to the true interests of the coun-
try !" But proceed—

" That they cannot but express the surprise they
have felt that any doubt should exist either in your
honourable house or elsewhere, as to their utter repu-
diation of the principle of protection, after the repeated
declarations made by them (by whom ?) in former
years. They now express their confident conviction
of the worthlessness and mischief of the protective sys-
tem under every shape; and they desire that the prin-
ciples of perfect freedom in all branches of trade and
of industry may be immediately carried into effect in
this country."

These gentlemen "cannot but express their surprise
that any doubt should exist as to their repudiation of
the principle of protection," or any other principle
which stands in the way of their trampling under foot
the native agriculture of the country. But surely
every man ought to speak for himself upon,a subject
so important. Do the gulls, who despatch these "dele-
gates" to their subsidiary parliament, authorise them
to give away their prosperity in this off-hand style ?
Have the makers of hats, gloves, shoes, boots, silks,
furniture, and other articles produced by native in-
dustry, authorised these voluble gentlemen thus to
offer up their very existence at the shrine at the manu-
facturing mammon ? We doubt it much. We ask to
see their credentials ; and we believe that if one half
of these terms were mooted at any one of their leagpe
meetings, the few stray simpletons whom they attract
from amongst the working classes—and they are but
few I—would very distinctly inform them that this is
not the interpretation which they put upon the cry for'
"cheap bread."

The Palace-yard parliament concludes thus :
"Wherefore your petitioners pray that all protective
duties passed in favour of commerce, agriculture, and
trade shall be totally and immediately repealed. That
all subjects of this empire, without partiality or class
distinction, shall be allowed, without molestation, to
buy in the cheapest markets, and sell in the dearest ;
and that especially the corn and provision laws, on the
continuance of which alone the existence of other
commercial monopolies depend, shall be at once and
unconditionally abolished" (!) We make no comment
upon this, beyond requesting of the farmers of Eng-
land to mark the kind preference which is extended to
them. "All protecting duties" are to be withdrawn•
but as a peculiar favour, to test the working of the
principle, we presume, the " farmer's protection " is
to be withdrawn first ! The others can be withdrawn
at leisure.

We observe, by the way, that Mr. Cobden con-
gratulated this nondescript body on the accession to
their cause of no less distinguished a nobleman than
Lord Howick. We wish them joy of his lordship,
and only beg to be informed whether Nir. Charles
Wood is to go with the bargain. His lordship would
be incomplete without—his shadow.

We go to press—our readers we are sure will de-
plore the circumstance--without the edifying and con-
vincing speech which all the world expected was to
have been delivered by Mr. Cobden on Friday night.
The debate of debates, wanting its ornamental tail,
which the member for Stockport was to have supplied,
is as yet an unfinished thing—" monstrum, horren-
dum, ingens, informe"—a long and shapeless body
without an extremity ! The world, however, is not
without some consolation for the deficiency. If we
have not had a speech from Mr. Cobden as yet, we
have had its place supplied by " a row;" and as pretty
a row as was ever 'witnessed within the walls of the
British Parliament, or of any other public assembly!
We shall not attempt to describe this got-up scene
—so peculiarly O'Connellite in its character and ob-
jects. It was not convenient, as was justly observed
by Lord Sandon, for the member for Stockport to
reply to the convincing arguments and facts of Sir
Robert Peel by an impromptu effort. The opportunit
must be afforded him of distorting them at leisure, and
arranging his ordinary claptraps and sophistries for a
set display. Mr. Cobden is not an extempore orator,
in the true sense of the term. He is not the man to
grapple on the instant with a powerful opponent; and
hence was 'raised the demand for an adjournment of
the debate, to enable this small politician, and the
lesser lights by whom he is surrounded, to twinkle
upon some other night, when the memory of the Pre-
mier's masterly and statesmanlike effort shall not start
forth so prominently upon the scene to " pale their in-
effectual fires," and shame their pigmy strength.
They were afraid, forsooth, that, at so late an hour,
their various effusions would not be adequately re-
ported 69 ; and that the country would thus be de.
prived of the exceeding light which they are to throw
upon the important subject under discussion !

That so extraordinary a demand should have been
resisted is not, under all circumstances, and especially
when we consider the exceeding value of the time of
Parliament at this period of the session, a matter to
excite surprise. That it was resisted without success
we scarcely regret; for we know nothing which would
have more greatly advanced the cause of League agi-
tation out of doors than the existence of the slightest
ground for the imputation that its quackeries were
not listened to within the House of Commons. Un-
reasonable though it may be that an assembly of Eng-
lish gentlemen are to wait upon the convenience of the
member for Stockport—unreasonable though it may be
that a debate upon the Corn-laws, or any other sub-
ject, cannot be concluded until this petty personage
chooses to say his say—we are. more ready to give
a night to himself (I),
him, if he choose it, and the en-
tire space of the Times, Herald, Chronicle, and Post,
wherein to record his sayings, than permit him to
trumpet it to the world that he--Mr. Richard Cobden
—is so redoubtable a fire-eater in the arena of Par-
liament, that his opponents dare not afford hirn room
for the full developement of his stupendous abilities !

A case. it appears, has recently occurred, in which
the respectable house of Baring Brothers and Co. have
had seized, by the Custom-house authorities in London,

to
" from
r 0t forbign.manufaetured goode, eenelgnell
found
thermom the United States, such gnaw ue'""
d with the
on examination to be fraudulentlystamPe
obj ect of the
name of a British manufacturer.
lie
e their re-
importer appears to have been to proem.
of 011 r
shipment, as British mama factures, to sorn
doubt, the/
colonial possessions. For this purpose, no
by WIG
were placed in the hands of Messrs. Baring
whilst in the
of their American correspondents Niagara,
; but
course of landing from an American ship, the
in
a portion of them came under the examination
Customs officer, and the fact of the counterfeited of the
was discovered. mercantile
Now, to any one at all acquainted with ra re,
transactions, the circumstance that even the meet
implicated 111
spectable house may become apparently
ot at 311
a transaction of a complexion so dishonest is n
of
a matter of wonder. The return to British Pa.°
British-manufactured goods which are found
,11,.
saleable, is a thing of every day occurrence, and
duly provided for, especially in the commercial reges
lations between this country and the United quit
The exporter in America, in the case before us, %re
en
°
go before the British Consul and certify, we believe
oath, that the shipment was one of returned 13611e.va
manufactured goods. The importers would
thereeel
the invoice so certified, and would enter them in 1113
usual course of business as such goods. Whethe•r are
arrangements of the Custom-house
sufficiently stringent to provide against possible fra.dt
is not a question with which we have now to do; b.%
this is certain, that any respectable house, dealing Kith
respectable connexions abroad, would,
having no reasoio
to suspect fraud, treat any shipment made to 113eAlli
in London
u.s
accordance with their letters of advice; and no outhe
such was the course with the firm of Barings 10
case before us.
But the opportunity of a case of fraud baying bany
een
attempted, in which a political opponent could, bV
be
possibility, be for a moment implicated, was net ff,i4) e;
omitted by the emissaries of the Anti-corn-law Lea.3-,..b
and accordingly, at a meeting held at the Engli.o
Opera
House, Mr. John Bright thus remarked ter,
the occurrence in question :—" There was as rge
cantilo house in this country with which n°st:
tinguished member of the House of Lords was 41,h,
mately connected"—(of course Lord Ashburton lately'
noblemanb referred to). " That noble Lord had °,
ceen to the United States, to enter into. certain 0e46
tat ons, but not for a repeal of the corn laws. the
veracious leaguer then read a paragraph from, re-
Lkondon Times, in which the seizure of the goeu'ecied
,erred to is mentioned, and having done so, Pr°Leertee
to the utterance of a tissue of abuse of Lord Ashuti"
I. noes
because 01 his lordship has been guilty of the "e"; the
crime
of opposition to the reckless projects

Anti-corn-law League. oa
•Of course, it is unnecessary for us to
enter two,
defence of Lord Ashburton against a charge s° lora,
tonly slanderous. We believe, in fact, that his oof
ship has as little to do with the affairs of the brill'cb $
Barings as John Bright himself; and except su t to
man, no one could be found sufficiently ign°llll6oo,
suppose that, even were he now the head of thatioiti.
he
would be so familiar with the details of their de
farious transactions as to be brought into cogill'
of this or any particular transaction.

i tten.
We, have seen, since what precedes wee wr; vhicb
letter from Messrs. Baring, the substance °I `torily
will be found elsewhere, and which very satisfac
explains the whole transaction.

'a~+~i

LOCAL NEWS.

We understand that Mr. Tertius Thompson, tin'"opsiale"
this town and resident at Wavertree, has beel'ianri'rePecei
British Vice-Consul for St. Malo and St. Server', kW.—
W—
and is, at . present, at the vice-consulate, St. melee • , ,
his functions. tso
.0,,,, neer% io
NATIONAL SCHOOLS' ANNIVERSARY."—.:j tiaboo-,100
the annual sermon in behalf of the funds of ti`e ~••,, chePthe
connexion with the Established Church, will be P-3 III" 0
the 20th June next, and not on the 18t13%
Rev. C. A. Thurlow, M.A.. rector of Malpas, Clieshia so ill
these schools there are 12,000 children, receiving 000
gripe Scriptural education, and we hope the appeal for OPP .
made in vain. sistar'
elle eg' boy
EMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES.---' fr ' , the
of the State of New York has reduced the charg,e.,;flog Phicli
pital money," upon all steerage passengers arr'",b, the
as formerlY!re. j 4
port of New York, from one dollar, or 4s. fitl• each,
to. trto
it used to be, to 25 cents, or about Is. sterling ee.e, 'eelel„,,
effect on the Bth May, 1843. This will be a gre;„"too tt,e-or
the poorer class of emigrants, and cannot be,u'ad",-to Pre.'"lbe
rally known both in this country and in Hen°, bee"tgrs
cthuestoolmd,raattethbeeitnimg
estoitllpeaxying broe-
r.ieted from them, !Ile), so
their passage-W: "
or their subordinates. wh CorPory
SITE FOR THE NEW BOROUGH p Nov.—yr: fb
_,:tii
tion have, we hear, bought from Thomasß' 111)kgeser'„,-,,01
M.P., the mansion called Wavertree-hall ar; gh vh-io.
land surrounding it, as the site for the new l3°-land er to'
The purchase-money amounts to £lO,OOO. Tue,„lsollii:t
on the north, to the Botanic Gardens, t Pi'
on dPO ors
Wavertree-lane, on the east, to the Liverpool a° es'
The ,41ii
ter Railway, and on the west to Rake-lane• • the Iwtssi
and occupiers of the numerous elegant villas iu roies tir
bourhOod are, we hear, greatly annoyed at the Ie!: glib°
of the Corporation to erect the prison in their -el
hood. • bait°ill
LAUNCH.—Yesterday was launched from nitnbe tree'ater•
yard of Messrs. Joseph Steel and Son. Ba"'"As r°•-el'e
NN Dorisana," a splendid new ship of 450 ton the ste le,
'lien the augers were withdrawn, she glided ,y°,ll' nt„,:istiset
into the bosom of her destined element in 0- jer'''ol'
amidst the plaudits ofa numerous and respeet*ble goo
.re
of highly gratified spectators. The beauty of her ejviiielitros
the excellence of her materials and workmanehiP sdePttitea
not to be surpassed), together with her admirable
Lee sr 00
to carry and sail well, reflect great credit to .''' two° ith,
builders and, at the same time, much honour pace e;
good old town, where the arts and sciences keie,PporiSsoo.
any other town in the three kingdoms. The , ever,'
now lies in the Queen's Dock, the admiration 0. bar
who haa visited e
hr. r 0 ons ilk
• LAUNCH.—A splendid new vessel, of about 41.) 0601 PI
then admeasurernent, was yesterday launched fr°°s)bare. „ere.
ing-yard of Messrs. Wilson and Son, North 000 `606
model she is a complete clipper, possessing wbet!obarliney,
a ,codtish-head and a mackerel-tail, having a live haela:jer.
ent 'mice and run, with all'the advantages of bear° the °sloe's
and ample deck room. At about 12 o'clock
.0j ..
.0
' spl t wedges, out oakum, chisels, and wedges'oPmellt ;01
(lirggers," were successively given; but for a °Jodi the
he: itated, and then in the most graceful manuehre es ° 0'
e go
her c • .estined element, amidst the prolonged c" yarn, 0-4 gie
P-
thousands who had, notwithstanding the slight dtbe
lied
bled to witness the interesting sight. She is e.alle christepse
rick, (from, we believe, Lawrick Castle,) and wile SOO!'
by the lady of H. Matheson, Esq , of this towne•sers.,o'
built, we learn, for a London house, by whore lii her'-4 0
son and Son were especially selected to unsler,t,ebe rigs`-olc,
pletion. It is not yet decided whether she will of relr, the
a barque or a brig. It is a circumstance vrorthY whie.feeso
that this vessel was built on the same slip ft:JAC:O its"
Bentinck was launched, thus showing how spee°'',,'enel• if•
in our navy might be effected in case of an etaere
t, met"
COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION.—On Tuesday i), e ?ha e $
F. Aldridge, the rising and talented leader of ]the beeool,4 $
monic Society, destined, we predict, one d°3l„,pree°,,eo re;
conspicuous ornament to his native town, bieh I,- Ise
course of four lectures on instrumental music, wo gr;osea
sinned on Friday evening. , In these two leetur_o-5 pe' ,se'
dridge traced the oriein of instrumental music, 11`3;eb 4;00,
it through the gradual but slow improvement' w .5 01,411,
Flebre" 'eel' If
cessively received fromE •
the
Egyptians, s g Or
and Romans, and, in after times from EuroPeB2 jog P bieli
to the time of Bocche • • The first lecture, ueovs 0 egh
run. . . .„ostrati itho a
historical, afforded no opportunity for the ii. _nd, eigoroc,
add so niech zest to lectures of this description, .ure an,; see
classical, was necessaril dry The second left corelrflue:
scope for a better display ; and the two trios "Y •ai, 1- be,
herr • t
_,
Boccherini, as well as tl e q ' t tt by Boec;,. d, !eerie°
doted, were • . 1. -uin e d reee se" 110
exquisite performances, an , hie - to „e
dec • ..eived, the loud applause of a highly respee`e of Otirpt W,
amongst which we noticed various members And ,t 110%1
council. The lecture of this evening, however' and erg the
Friday, comprising as they do illustrations Iron webee
nee
of, the works of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, at,`. will b ed.'''.
first instrumentalists who have as yet appease", otoltoco
much more interesting, and must prove hightle asi,istry
Mr. Aldridge has been fortunate in obtaining, his ir'; is tpe
of gentlemen so well qualified to do justice ru.obestr ere.'
lions; ; and if the otherofwhich his 0' ,„ the Aste
members
be composed be of the same grade of exec
the Col
which is to be furnished to the members of
SatOfi
Institution will be of no common order. ,4 00 400
'clo. hotli CO
FIRE IN FORMIIY-STREET.—About One Oe
_eighe .oe, (
day morning, the policeman on duty in th -"vie bell
gide of
discovered a tire on the ' belongin' outb ro°
promises, the s o,p 0
Messrs. Ashton and Ginn, boatbuilders, on , the ~,, gre
Formby-street, and adjoining the west wall 0,',..., by tr..ple.
warehouses that were preserved from destruFtw.o chs): foe!
fire in September last. The greatest activitY ;a; hoof th°
by all parties, and the utmost exertions erneossure. seri;
the start the fire had obtained, and from the no, sco'e,sl.llo
premises, being the smithy, carpenters' shad 00,„0.!,,
rounded by piles of dry planks, the fired roe des`olu;,s
alarming appearance, and bad nigh cowl)
leteefore the d doo,
of the premises, wherein it originated, 1), Aos o,° And
old
could be got effectually into play. The winugettealercoo
were burnt out, the interior apparent Y _Oro° ogb .a
quantity of wood destroyed, before a sufficieec!ed tbr° 00_,
be obtained; however, some hoses were P.%iacrttryele.i.
dock wall, and planted in the dock With gre•nit7,, ire ro'Reigilvt
t into full tri '0,1! bad
a few minutes after the en •
wises go , there , it de
considerably abated ; and, by two o'cloca,
_coo soy 0
any fear that it would extend beyond the P2oes nerooslYoo
first taken possession of, and which werk'ept vigeoo se to
rnolished. The engines, however, were beolts' ealad eri
work for near an hour afterwards. Tbed, end 0° origin
other articles out of the office, were secure
the fire o.edo
_ei
a house in the neighbourhood. We believer and irarese feyee•
in the smithy, to which, and the shop s (se light br we clu.nei
adjoining, it was confined. There was * t Toour*,,e flerbo,
tehostl,,
about south-west, which was from theore" for"
ter for preventing its extension, as itnd °other clitlre -eV'
from the surrounding sheds, timber, a, „.., and 0.1, thoneore
materials. Mr. Eligson Messrs. Asu,r,'"isafe, as o,steot 001-
man, had examined the place and left au
~ Soma erl'hieb
at eight o'clock on the previous nig""„t•en, w'''isis "nerve
must, however, have escaped his observe i str,„ fOi ihe
;tab e "%debt* 1 for
for a time, and, owing to the ign a fermi ;or o 00e
surrounded it, eventually burst out In _ nroxinPthe foie
of flame. Under all circunistances, tie? l'o for aeliceg
thine
;nes'otis
docks was very fortunate, for bad it notnnoer'e
which the engines obtained thence, it i:' Lori tirnewsiee,,,o'
that the whole yard would have been in e‘,._'.oo, the _ the vd it
of flame. The usual deficiency of water, from
afte:ol,sboel‘e'
again here manifest. A full hour bad e.°__tbero ; the . egov
mencement before there was any watefalinee .
d Wan., Ito
not been for the opportune supply '
ob
__t,„ lout°
a much more serious destruction of ProPT toed.
are ill'
sued. The premises, we understand, .

LIVIIi TlittTltV..,--Tlie weir,,werk of Me, Splinetlie?te
continues to provesittraetive i the variety of the amo.eme
provided affording ranch entertainment.
Tee CHINESE
made to this collec EXHIBITION.—Sonie addit,
tion since our last notice. i its n:useuuttit
i' w, ell worthy of a visit, as tending to impart not arnusenii.
Only, but instruction to the spectator.
beiPkarit PROM BURNING.—yesterday an inquest was held
.
ore the borough coroner, on view or the body of Pdati,vicaka
taaat, aged five years. On the 29th ult. dece.,
standing before the fire, when a little girl pushed him and lie
fell across the feeder, and in falling knocked down a ied-eot
(rota the hob into the fire, the steam from which, flying out,
acalded him SO dreadfully on the neck and breast. that. he
lingered until Prida last, when he died. Verdict, 4 Acci-
dental death." y
BbEN DEATA.—An inquest was held yesterday, before
Ittr. Curry, touching the death of Ellen Bridge. 'I he G.t.
ceased y,
47, was a servant and resided in Brownlown
be- • rwaY, while she was at work cleaning the house, she
Insencame suddenly ill, and was soon afterwards found to be
sible. A surgeon was called, and he attempted to
blod, but failed, and deceased died in about 20 minutes
afterwards. On an examination after death, it was fou.nnd.
.t.at rupture of a blood vessel had taken place in the brain.
Verdict
Ft accordingly, " Natural causes."
NEE UPON PUBLICANS AND Be EttsELLEns.7Twenty-
18ainaiX informations were heard on Friday, at the Police-court,u.
st publicans and beersellers. Twelve were against p
the b
'cans, and fourteen against beersellers. Those against
0.-
Publicans were disposed of as follows :—One (a
fenc)
was fined £4 and costs , ten were tined .E 2 eac i anti
seconid f costa; and one was fined Xl. and.
costs. The intormations
ipinst the beersellers were thus disposed of :—Two were
_..
fled £3 each and• five £5 each and costs ; six 4;.!
costs , .
each and cost •
Matioe. s , and one acquitted. There were two infoi-
thei • against the vendors of table beer for harbouring in
__.t
andsPla disorderly characters; one was fined 1:2 and
costa, te other was acquitted.
last T
Mr" .
the CONCERT.—We were gratified on
were due'day evening to find that this young lady's taleaiiiits,
indne 11!Y,aPPreciated, by th attendance of a nurc.ierousv
rea..
,Peet ntiai auditory, no Were the entertainments in are
lle trios of the distinguished patronage they received.
whieltiZei were given with a truth to tinie. and
ttla
nmoennYt:
Its, p._sPoice a thorough knowledge of musical l
led
oft,?ett.esas
most deservedly encored in the favourite
_ahe, hal-
o the 41 Captive Greek Girl," by Hobbs.
.T. ' Peace
that el' 111eC'''
was given by Miss M. Swain wit,n,
Da
by ki.ielted lengthened applause. The ballad of o
paatlidie s, ;
heresul g* lengthened was exeedingly pleasing. Madamoisellen
Ri'c-
ublic,)
Roe a e,(01'40 on this occasion made her debut i
al 111 inatt "equivocal promise of futuri excell_en_nrcp.e
Rbyoatthi
,tiProtnistraltaentalist and vocal performer. M
ng of,. L'erY fine voice, and was loudly encored in the
we are 1 OW way'd the Summer Woods.' Of Miss Leach
ditieePased to be enabled to speak in terms of cotnmen-
Purity (IP' lower notes possess pa
richness of quality, and
B°4
"Int"atien, which are rarely to be met with:
_h_err.
Lei MY Childl d' Home," was sweetly sung. M .
ach (fro- 100 8
gaVe m. the Southampton Concerts) appeared and
Usual much satiafaction. Mr. Eyton conducted with his
sT good taste and ability.
Werel,l,ll„ A CAlVE,—.William Jones and Edward Evans
te
Poneqrgett before Messrs Rathbone and Percival,
cart,
h
eropertevtt,,.., on Saturday 'with having stolen a tiie
was left" - 'mall Evans. 'The cart in question, it.
i appears,
wiaence
a cast herl aerne waste land near the Borough G
beaerat;
ti He e
/pn Saturday"ging to Mrs• Evans had teen previouslyan
stolen.
. m. r. ' • missed a second
madernorning Mrs. Evans 's sou
inquiry from a labourer who was working
away le
sPnt, and was informed that two men bad tag a
cart that morni
search, Evans found
.n ng. After some
e''' named
Ployed bi,„ sooyd, who informed him that a man had ern-
Stood, and that Morning to take his horse to where the cart
Evans went
to the .„,. draw it to the North Haymarket.
teetionoorth i 4
~, -inYmarket, and there found his cart.
erlenfaopr:
Prelteed2s given to the police, and both priso.
to je,s_ cu. It
he hettieg• When
officer that
appeared that Evans had delivneerregdwthe cart
apprehended, Evans told the t
the __ay.
Market teen directed by Jones to take the cart tol
heH
parch ?, be sold. Before the magistrates, he said
ohmad.
Mitt ""e° the cart three days ago. The prisoners were c
,_ Ted for trial.
R kr,
rotea4illY A. Lonozn..—At the Police-court, on Saturday,
PercPercival, !wcroft was placed before Messrs. Rathbone and
ival e..ns4,,rgetl. with having robbed. Mr. George Taylor.
iodged
...,,,ii esevington.
i eto time,
hill. The prisoner and his father
Misled w"is Mr. Taylor. The latter has, from t m
_wava
koeaptiholnihethhei from his till within the bar, though heal
money-drawer and the door of the bar locked.
e,
Idr. es.urladaY night last, after the prisoner had gone. to Da.)U.
nev
...1 pr placed in the drawer a quantity of martk
indonl.
lei:;:tw. locked it and the bar-door as usual. Next
The h„t'x' he went down stairs and found the prisoner up.
The drawer was
exee,,h-e'dand rnoney-drawer were locked.
taken from ' w
then
e hread. of milk
Mr. Taylor found that 2s. 3id. had been
And some The prisoner had before him a jug
11.1.. k.
seller i Mr. Taylor went to the baker and it
had nlntlnei
prisoner
the too .there and had
ghbourhood, and discovered that the
of the
be had purchased bread and milk. Amongst
coin whtY, at both places Mr. Taylor found portions
nto
Coin
marked. The prisoner was takenw_i
eh
nnlocke, He was searched at Bridewell, where key_._ hi
tinted i„"Ohe door of Mr Taylor's bar and the till, were
yr - 's Pocket. He v.as committed for trial.
, 111 z Ire,„
4and, pith -aa.--SATtrttosx EVENING.—The state of Ire-
the h the progress of the repeal agitation there,acmonoitlig-
the pen be a subject
be Pt" of the St k E h
of painful interest in the City, and
entertained oc
lation tot he
xc ange apprehensions appeareto
effect, that , rumours indeed were in circu
at heed ,_ aetne event of a portentous character was cl_oesre)r.
harangue:Q(7lf ,r,fr_olia the surface of affairs or even the fi
*ere
4freet " t":°unell, might be suspeCted.
and
dhecoFausnodlas
declined 4. set by this sort of general impression, • n 964 to 4-
both for ~,Per cent., the closing quotations being .
ce.
for the 0 -one'Y and this account, with a heavy
i appearance;
Was lgo Pen I.n g they were however, 96/ to _• Bank
before 8 2' India Stock 265 to 7.—lt would seem,os
for the ald, that Senor Cortina is by no means the favourite
o.
letora il'ies " Prime Ali later at Madrid among the spetc
at
he b,ti nd.-Panish Stock n the news received to-day
_ha.
bine-. 04`elined to understai kaesthe construction of a nerTtyCof
the Cortesaete"nt of the difficulty of obtainin
Proposition oeesuPPort his administration and thea man)
dntohe prices
ose consequent
V. the New ih,the Post to Senor Olozaga,
. rallied 4; beferrej 44: ton 32a to 4 ,and of Active }ices to 221 to
Converted
4 ?i to 19, Passive 41 to i.
571 to i Portuguese
p e r
Cents 3
4°-' t° Dutch' Two-and-a-Half
13razilian' t7141e tßoi, per Centslooßelgian 1024. to a•
to 5.
o, Mexican 294 to 301. Colombian 241
'l44,rit
°II Prid4„ last.°YAL.--The Theatre Royal closed sticindenroly.
Atalsie 01 The season has been a long and an. u
tithes, tie' 3lr. W. J. 1-lammo'nd has struggled againstPb,aed.
rseee Prejudice and n 1 t "th a firmness and perse%
Lica. !hat deserve eg ec ,w 1
has been awarded
rve a better fate than
raII everVe has endeavoured to suit the palate of the blic,
h an. tiB4llaPe his means would allow; he has produced
e has ''''‘'nos in a style unprecedented in the provinces;
v.n
his a.
.atriee. ,
'rectiee ~ ", ny stepping out of the beaten path, t"Ilio
getter ti g ult. a moil
a , tir- . e and an open hand from those 7u
ere ~., v untie to reward those who seek to pleas
of
but
14ritatir nave the
extraordinaryext fact before our eyes . the
o.
kr. spent in kingdom, (the modern Florence of
af
Pstent tl ".) with 300,000 inhabitants, unable to support
__
tlior 4.„ pktre! Can it be that the drama is out of repute ?
tieirTuatelktabue said that the mass of the public
~ have turned
ye tho.. Pon the patent theatre because its proprietors
4'bric "likt Proper to support their rights, and compel that
elite!. i,?,'"Ade by the contract made with those deputed to
4‘3llht t." h
.1_ !nee agreements. We have heard those who
the ~`• `now better u braid Mr. Hammond as the cause
Pelt.Nnikiuttiatecrutions, ancrblame him for any dilemmas those
?le11.(1 tieis,_ Y. pave got into, who have barefacedly, wantonly,
irillningly set law and justice at defiance: Is this
'Natal' Hammond, the tenant of the proprietors, co-
koneh,., 0 receive certain privileges—these privileges f
o_
fisinv77 be, is not permitted to enjoy—he naturall corn-
tiiiiietoeattr
sortie ,rx.the contract is not fulfilled, and because his landi
she to show that they have a right. of
t
*art; Hare'
tathe P.ublic opinion runs in a rapid current again!:
Lc it °nu, and to him is attached all the odium—if,
0874-gm terms can be called f being a persecutor! 'A e have
,11: Wehei_perse:sive —of°this feneling.feom numbers of per-
Tr `ltose who en the feeling carried out in the absence
I 'led,
'wito once graced the boxes by their presence..
cc'ftb, 0 1ie....11 th est actors of the day—Comedy,
. with
a tae hi„,.a.Yest and merriest faces—Opera, in the. works
I „heat class, down to the graceful compositions of
_
thinesee,ehtu‘an., whose only hope and wish was
e exiat,""o those around him—nothing could propitiate
kene ing Prejua.. to afford
kV ' 11, a A 'Le. Sterling merit in acting, spectacle,.
cril,ll;
~ Itnuie decor Sterling
have all been tried, and without
lent ,e'l the effortu" to dis;uise it—popular. has
and ta-
t.aert teen;
and s of an industrious, P
.d
d. strange to say, ersevermg,
sympathised with those
1!
"ere de
10nopei el ely 0 the rong As to the ofprinciplet_e
'lr L. that •• w • •
theme 01,e et is a different question. We say, throw the
eei 4, but with ' t ' tions which shall preven
at, atehe.
_.
~ certain res. lee
~
_O.
11s;4kY the' °I
I f r the crime and sin
cheap theatriczes,
for the it .innsis may be ascribed to this cause.—We be-
lti ‘ns be .s contemplation to appropriate a night or two
helli'l gillp nefit of the compan and it is to be hoped that.a
0, t tt ~ort win
be rendered to those who have done their
.ex'
ittlia
tliallittlitee perhaps many a weary hour, and that some
ori_ta•--..w'nd feeling may be abated which unquestionably
b_ atoll
„: j)erceive from the Bristol papers, that the proa--
..petee4`til !lie theatre in that town, which is underthe m
4103104.13:1! Nfra. Macready, have been paid a dividend. of
' kc. blhat'e• 'he seasons at Manchester, &rating-
) have also been very successful.
.................. _
'Pe,--

—Sonic ndditions have been

Thef I •
-----
4l)tiii °I
°*l,l" is a
the r o tiewit7. copy of the gratifying, letter presented to
b steam-ship on
iiti hoe:retil t ho,u 'e
weanritiii ria4,n.til e
er
.0 f , , this
In splendidbehalf of the passengers
yep in blabs 'team-ship'igiritannia, on her homeward patso-
‘t„4_ the
~.._Y, 1843., we take much pleasure in expressing to
a
e,s'etly e;slleat satisfaction we have experienced throughout ..n,fort."' most pleasant passage, with the convenience,o the.
4'4 ,vtll'aavtid the discipline of your ship, ar (.1 the big. opei
410 skill 4 e been led to entertain of your ability, experienc t
,I'.! rest !4eonainandr. Your excellent administrationho.
st
;11,:: eorebi...l which the highest efficiency as an officer.
red_
le ' for thled with the most attentive and gentlemanly
he! elegreee personal he
of your passengers, has resulted.
4114rdilie(l'i'titIlitiviet, of order, and of moralduccorleuamsaonnt stl(;nlu-s
r'tetl,4 to helifeel indeebibteadlealtshoetovogegoettirusouffiacersp of the ship,
114,41 t by t1;41131:)Yed on board for having contributed to this
io,ittei Perfo-reniaed'acr,itY. and the' faithfulness with which they
r,,,, 1,-e the
of peps
their respective duties. We cannot but
tht,t,itioeso'prie that the superior speed, safety, and acco.m-
Are 11?tere4 tills line of noble steamers will aid in increasing
of ericii ,`",e between the people of Great Britain
.and
;(tti.ty'zi,llll,oeebayeeis.trengthening and consolidating relations
tOcq
441teheiersotial consideration for our future welfare, and
" in Your arduous and responsibleY calling,
" We remain, in behalf of the passengers,
JACOB ABBOTT, Farmington, Maine.
" THOMAS SEWELL, W ashi,
HORACE MANN, Boston.
ngton D.C.
~ '' Thomas CocK, New York•
o (..., '` II ilxitY C. CORBIT, Philadelphia.
-,lltairk j 1 :` T. C. W. PIERCE, England."
'teato.pa°ol:llWitt, of the Royal
L tannia, May 13, 1843."
----6-0--- ---
-
iIiESPONDENCE.
, N.4:f" 7'14 trY°()DSIDE STEAMERS.
ut,;,•k,--.../ —'7.01,1 OF THE LIVERPOOL sTANDAIID•
tlqdaWo` wiper I,)rceive bv a notice to correspondents in your
ide i;ehat some. one is wishing the directors of the
111, ot,re to l'..)))' to make use of t' huts
screw in the new vessel
19. sue gtho myself
iniPnriTch
rae
n"...p.r friendo t o ;4'1:11:tl'et'll ''4:l'ilda et
LI ef4r) et
'lan n'd oliAsk theyew
carri dim
114 ehtlfs ~ef.all be provemnt. whichi'etil
of steering at
147 4ild t,'".Lhe vessel e
(lout b.y it, viz. .
ity of back-
fotho4ble er?ding at Woo'da:id ,thatob.itin.c.e lieer'directors
fend so °Wee-
-41,17g tbai-theauses such seeriosulps'd
wellancsh isßeosides, I
am in-
op e11e,.,1e oe „ e little vessel which has been at work on the
pregitl be '", high pre ' . ' the directorni _
ot t,
_very e_ . ssure principle ;if so,
4i. ueit.f_ autious how they employ such means to i
ver4,o,„crry,
respectfully
"" lia.ti 15, 18413."1, Sir, your's
o

BRITANNIA STEAM SHIP,

,r
Torrens
ttct44reraed..,(3llllot4a A---,:;1) MR COBDEN.-031.
‘4rl/41 0444 e, of - '.(:)ng letter to Mr. . Cobden on the slin e 1815
‘?fk, 4io which he has been' a.zealous advocate since It ",% hefis-er,uht °f which he to explain the grounds
suing
h'%,elilittd that the co wishes
C hden is Pur IA Tt
Ik4 th to ret urse which Mr. 0 f the o'-
ay 4,4 ard the accomplislanont o 'lect of
t4ltttlellY 414°113 to promote.

Tfir, geftEW PROPELLP,R

In the STANDARD of the sth inst., we published a descrip.
lion of a small iron vessel. called the " Liverpool Screw,"
built by Messrs. Mather, Dixon, and Grantham, and worked
by a screw. At our request the builders have furnished us
with further particulars of Ler dimensions and power, which
answer the inquiries of a correspondent in our last. 'Die
vessel is 65 feet between the perpendiculars, arid 12 feet 6
inches beam ; her average draft of water when ready for work
is 3 feet 9 inches ; she is worked by two cylinders 13 inches
diameter, and 18 inches stroke, and when light averages
about 85 revolutions per minute. The boiler is on the loco-
motive principle, and the usual pressure of the steam 50 lbs.
per square inch, and is sometimes increased to 56lbs. Ex-
pansion valves are always used, which cut off the steam at
one-fourth of the stroke—thus by making allowance for the
pressure in the blast pipe, and for the operation of the ex-
pansion, which wire-draws the steam at closing, the actual
power is equal only to a boiler pressure of from 27 lbs to
30 lbs per square inch.
In comparing this with the nominal horse-power of the
vessels against which she has been running, which generally
have a pressure of 7lbs. per square inch on the boiler, and
13lbs. in the condenser, (equal to a boiler pressure of 201b5.)
and the piston working 200 feet per minute, makes the
power employed in the screw vessel from 19 to 21 horses.

We may add a few particulars of a trip made by her on
Friday last, which was taken in order to test her power of
towing. Mr. Pendleburv. agent for the Duke's, Captain
Foulkes, manager of the Duke's steamers, and other gentle.
men interested in the carrying trade, accompanied her. She
was matched against the Bridgewater, one of the best tow-
boats on the river for her power. The " Screw" had five
fits, and the Bridgewater seven.
The nominal power of the former is 20, and of the latter
is 34 horses. With these respective loads the screw-boat
occupied 1 hour and 47 minutes from the Duke's Dock to
the dock at Runcorn, beating the Bridgewater a few minutes—
showing a superiority in the screw of about 23 per cent. in
proportion to the nominal horse-power. But it has since
been found from actual measurement that the respective
power was as 163 to 300, shewing a still greater advantage
i❑ favour of the screw.

The little vessel, in a short time after her arrival at Run-
corn, started for Weston Point. In the canals it is found that
the screw has not the least effect on the banks, and that the
disturbance in the water is no more than if the same vessel
was tracked by horses. At Weston Point, the canal being
deep, the steamer could make more speed than is usually
thought advisable in other places. She, however, took a flat
in tow for nearly half the distance ; and with this encum-
brance, and the engine working slowly, she performed four
miles in 36 minutes. An engineer belonging to the navigation
accompanied her, and expressed himself satisfied that no in-
jury to the banks could be caused by her.
She then proceeded at full speed up the winding and beau-
tiful River (Weaver), and arrived, after a most delightful
sail, at Northwich. Here she took on board a large party,
and proceeded to Winsford, but, owing to the numerous nar-
row turns in the river, her speed could not be maintained.
The next morning she returned to Westonpoint, running the
distance from Northwich in two hours and twenty-five
minutes, including the delays in the locks.

From this she started for Liverpool, the wind blowing very
strongly against her, and the river very rough. Shortly
after starting she overtook the Alice tow-boat, of 70 horse-
power, with three flats in tow, one heavy and two light. Our
little vessel took the loaded flat in tow, and now commenced
a struggle. The short and angry sea continually breaking
over the flats, and almost hiding them from the crew of the
steamers ; and here, more than ever, the triumphant superi-
ority of the screw was shewn. In spite of the disturbed state
of the water and the plunging of the vessels, it maintained its
usual uniform speed, and soon left the Alice in the distance.
On reaching Liverpool she again proceeded on her way and ran
down the channel for some miles, but, as the tide wasfalling,
the water became smooth, and she, therefore, returned to
her moorings.
When she left the Duke's Dock on Friday, she had 18 cwt.
of coke and 4 cwt. of coal on board ; to this was added 1131
cwt. of coke at Northwich ; and with this fuel she performed
all the work above described, and when she came to an an-
chor at 31 p.m. on Saturday, she had about 7 cwt. remaining.
The steam was up from 7 a.m. on Friday till 81 p.m. The
fires were kept up all night, and at 6 a.m. on Saturday she
again got up steam, and continued till 31 p.m. The quan-
tity of fuel consumed was consequently very small.
Thus, under all the circumstances by which a steamer can
be tested, (say our informants,) has this little vessel proved
the advantage of the principle on which her machinery is
constructed. We are informed that the same principle may
be applied to vessels of the largest class, with low-pressure
engines, and without employing spur wheels or straps, or
any of the complicated machinery which has hitherto ob-
structed the progress of this important improvement in
steam navigation.

MEETING OF THE POLYTECHNIC SOCIETY.

CHANGES IN METALS WHEN WORKED UNDER VARIOUS

CIRCUMSTANCES

(Concluded from our last paper.)

Zinc and hard steel (continued Mr. Adie) had the property
when heated together of generating thermo-electric currents
of opposite kinds. On repeating the experiment with steel
and silver, he found the result to be the same for both ; that
the current reversed on reaching the temperature of 240 deg.
He could never detect a difference in the grain of zinc which
had been exposed for years to the fluctuation of the weather,
but when exposed to a high temperature, on roofs, it was
sometimes complained that it became brittle.

He next noticed some other experiments on cast metals,
and stated, in detail, the following results :—Lead, zinc, and
tin were highest in density when quickly cooled ; lead and
tin lost density by annealing; in pure silver the density was
lowest when quickly cooled ; and copper resembled it in this
respect; rolled and drawn copper on annealing retained its
density with much uniformity, though repeatedly heated to a
dull red heat and plunged in water; but cooled once from a
higher temperature it lost three-fourths par cent. An ex-
periment made on soft steel, by hardening it repeatedly, and
restoring it to its original soft state, showed that it still re-
tained its specific gravity without alteration, and that flaws
in this metal are not, as supposed by some, generated by
often repeated hardening, which might, however, be a test of
its soundness.

The high temperature required for melting iron had pre-
vented him from trying how far it gained or lo•t in density by
quick cooling. •' its specific gravity„' says Turner, " may
be estimated at 7.7, but it varies slightly according to the
degree to which it has been rolled, hammered, or drawn, and
it is increased by fusion." The increase in density was, he
(Mr. A.) believed, by fusion and slow cooling. Rolled or
drawn iron retained a uniform density, when long annealed,
at a temperature of 530 deg. He next noticed some experi-
ments by the galvanometer on pieces of bard drawn wire,
cut in two, and one half annealed ; the junction of these
caused a deflection of the needle. Iron with a high heat
changed quickly in texture; the bruised or crushed crystals
re-formed themselves, as in zinc. Its natural texture was
said to be fibrous, but a granular, or crystalline appearance
was often seen at a fracture. This might, perhaps, arise to
some extent from the carbon it contained—about one-half
per cent.

While attending another society that met at the Royal
Institution, he had heard Mr. Airy, the astronomer royal,
state of iron ships, that it would be necessary from time to
time to examine their compasses, for plates of iron were sup-
posed to change their nature with age; in support of which,
he said he had seen broken anchors at the dock-yards with a
crystalline fracture, where the makers of them were certain
that the texture once was fibrous. Anchors were made of
pieces of hammered or rolled iron, and were, consequently,
at one time, fibrous ; and the question was. whether the
change was produced by subsequent working, or by time.
He was inclined to believe, that the variation in the fracture
of iron, from fibrous to crystalline, took place at very high
temperatures, while heated for working, and that it was un-
changeable in texture to any practical extent by time. Al-
though cold hammering was fatal to its texture in some
cases of management, in wire drawing it was extensively
worked in a cold state without any loss of strength. It annealed
from time to time, iron wire could be reduced in section to
1-400th of the thick wire originally commenced with ; and
though cold at the time of drawing, it went through this great
reduction, retaining its tenacity and strength more than any
other metal. If drawn repeatedly without annealing, it be-
comes hard, fissures appear, and it breaks in pulling it
through the plate.
The lecturer then, in conclusion, recapitulated the results
of his several experiments of the effects of hard and soft
pieces of metal in the galvanometer, the changes of density
produced by rapid or slow cooling, and the effects of anneal-
ing on the grain and density of the several metals. He sat
down amidst much applause.
A brief discussion then ensued, in which the Chairman,
and several members practically acquainted with the working
of metals, took part. A gentleman said he had found the
largest crystals he had ever seen in a broken link of a chain
cable which had long lain in salt water. A conversation
then arose as to whether the change was produced by any
chemical action in the water, or from the previous and final
working of the iron at a very high temperature, or under
such management as altered its texture at the forge? The
last opinion appeared to be generally entertained by the
meeting. With respect to cast iron, several extraordinary
instances were adduced of large castings that had been long
immersed in salt water becoming of a soft nature, easily cut,
or, in other words, converted into plumbago. Mr. Smith
was of opinion that any change in cast iron was the result of
mechanical operation, and riot any chemical effect upon it of
salt water. The President said the opinion that plates of iron
in a vessel underwent a change of texture from fibrous to
granulous, should be received with great caution, as expe-
rience left no ground for such an assumption. Mr. Adie
gave some satisfactory explanations of points in his lecture
in reply to members, and the thanks of the meeting were
awarded to him.

The CUAIIIMAN then stated that there would now be a
vacation of the society for three months, so that the next
meeting would be in September. He called the attention of
the members to the forthcoming polytechnic exhibition at
the Collegiate Institution, and exhorted such members as
could to assist it, by contributing models or other articles,
or by their services on committees. He anticipated that the
exhibition would excel all previous ones i❑ the town, and its
object was one which they were peculiarly called upon to
encourage und promote. Their treasurer and secretary had
already given their valuable services in the cause, and he hoped
many others would follow their laudable example. This
suggestion was heard with much approbation. He also stated
that a volume of the transactions of the society for the last
year was in the press, and that members would in a short
time he supplied with copies, in a form which he trusted
would be acceptable.
The members then retired to the tea-room.

Last Tuesday's Gazette contains an official notification
that the Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to
be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, appointing Walter Francis Duke
of Buccleuch and Queensberry, K.G. ; the Right Hon. Henry
Pelham Pelham Clinton (commonly called Earl of Lincoln);
Robert Aglionby Slaney, Esq. ; George Graham, Esq. ; Sir
Henry Thomas De la Beehe, Knt. ; Doctor Lyon Mayair ;
Doctor David Boswell Reid ; Professor Richard Owen ;
Captain William Thomas Denison ; James Ranald Martin,
Esq. •, James Smith, of Deanston, Esq. ; Robert Stephen-
son, Jun., Esq., and William Cubitt, Esq., to be her Ma-
jesty's Commissioners for inquiring into the present state of
large towns and populous districts in England and Wales,
with reference to the causes of disease among the inhabi-
tants ; and that the Queen has also been pleased to appoint
Henry Hobbouse, Esq., to be Secretary to the said Com-
mi6sion.

The question as to the right of the Indian army to the trea-
sure taken at Hyderabad is naturally a subject of keen dis-
cussion in the Bombay papers. In the Gentleman's Gazette,
a new daily journal just started in that city, it is argued in
favour of the army. Here it is urged that the troops fought
a most decisive battle against fear ful odds, yet were victorious,
and dispersed the enemy, compelling the Ameers to surren-
der themselves and their capital ; and the fact is set forth that
the Mincers, with a view of making provision against the
worst, had concealed all the public treasure in a well. Infor-
mation of this was given to the general by some one in the
secret, on his taking occupation of the city with the very
troops who had been engaged in the battle, and a military
party being sent to dig up he treasure, it was found in gold
bars, and supposed to be worth 24 crores of rupees. A case
which is mentioned as likely to be cited against the claim of
the army is that of the Canton ransom. The Gentleman's
Gazette, however, observes that there is this difference be-
tween the two cases—that the Canton money being a ransom
was a drait of the crown, which had been appropriated to a
specific purpose by act of Parliament ; whereas, in the Hydera-
bad case, the money belonged to the enemy, and was taken
possession of by the army.

COURT OP PASSAGH, MONDAY, May 18th

(Before Charles Crompton, Esq., Assessor.)
RAt V. LAWRENCE.--The plaintiff i❑ this case is Mr.
Ebenezer Rae, a merchant, and the defendant is Mr. Thos,
Lawrence, omnibus proprietor. The declaration stated that
the plaintiff was possessed of a certain gig, which he was
dri•ing along a certain highway, and that the defendant was
possesed of a certain omnibus which he, by his servants, was
also driving upon the same highway, when, in consequence of
the careless-mid negligent driving of the defendant's servant,
the omnibus was dashed against the plaintiff's gig, whereby
it was materially injured. The action was brought to recover
compensation for this alleged injury. The defendant pleaded
not guilty. Mr. James conducted the case for the plaintiff.
Mr. Arnold appeared for the defendant.
Mr. JAMES stated the circumstances. The plaintiff was a
gentleman of great respectability, residing at Aigburth ; and
on the 10th of April last he and his two sons were coining
from Aigburth to Liverpool. in it Waterford drag, which was
a vehicle to accommodate four persons, two of whom sat to
the back of the other two. Mr. David Rae, one of the plain-
tiff's sons, was driving : when in Great George-street, he obser-
ved two omnibuses coming from Liverpool, one of which be-
longed to Mr. Lockyer and the other to the defendant. The
defendant's, it appeared, was the oldest establishment upon
the road ; but, of late, another person named Lockyer had
sought to break in upon the monopoly which Mr. Lawrence
enjoyed; and he (Mr. James) believed the practice on the
part of Mr. Lawrence, lately, had been to " sweep " the
road, in order to drive off the intruder, who had no right
to set up an omnibus against the vested interests of the de-
fendant. It would appear that, on the day in question, the
omnibuses started somewhere about together from the Ex-
change, and Mr. Lawrence started to sweep the road ; but
having occasion to stop before he arrived in Great GeOrge-
street, Lacey, who was driving Mr. Lockyer's omnibus,
gained the advance. The defendant's omnibus then endea-
voured to overtake the other ; and Mr. Rae's son would
tell the jury that when they were going along Great George-
street, be observed the driver urging on his horses, in order
to overtake Lockyer's omnibus. He was alarmed lest some
accident should occur, and he thought it more safe to draw
up the gig, which he did close to the footway. When he
had done so, the wheel of the defendant's omnibus came in
contact with the wheel of the gig, broke the spokes, and
fractured both shafts. One of the young gentlemen (Mr.
H. C. Rae) at the back of the gig, immediately jumped off,
and took hold of the horse, which was then plunging, and
thus prevented further accident. lie (Mr. James) was not
ignorant of what the defence was, because upon one occasion
Mr. Lawrence said to Mr. David Rae, " I suppose I shall
have to pay, but the other ought to pay something, for it was
partly his fault"—admitting that he to a certain► extent was
liable, but that some one else was liable too. The learned
counsel concluded by some general observations on the law
in cases of collision.
Mr. David Rae, and Mr. Hugh Currie Rae, sons of the
plaintiff, who were in the vehicle at the time, confirmed the
statement of the lea:ned counsel. The damage amounted to
.Z-1 6s. fid. The two omnibuses were abreast of each other
when the concussion took place, and they saw, from Dr.
Raffles's chapel, that it was inevitable, unless Lawrence's
stopped. The drivers of both had been fined by the stipen-
diary magistrate for furious driving on this occasion. The
accident took place opposite Shufflebotham's. Thomas La-
cey, driver of Lockyer's omnibus, said there was plenty of
time for the driver of Lawrence's omnibus to pull up and
stop before he arrived at plaintiff's gig, if he had chosen to
do so.

Mr. ARNOLD, in his address to the jury for the defendant,
contended that this was, in point of fact, a dispute between
two rival omnibus proprietors, and that the plaintiff was con-
cerned only just so far as he sought compensation for the da-
mage he had sustained from one or the other. During the
whole of the case, however, the jury would find the plaintiff
was acting the part of Mr. Lockyer, whilst the only question
to be determined was, which of the two parties was in
blame. He (Mr. Arnold) could not deny that the defendant's
omnibus had impinged upon the plaintiff's vehicle, but the
question would be whether it was not the result of an acci-
dent unavoidable on his part; and if the jury were satisfied
that the driver was a skilful man, the assessor would tell them
that the action must fail unless negligence could be esta-
blished. Mr. Rae had, in fact, mistaken the party who wis
to blame : he should have brought his action not against
Mr. Lawrence, but against Mr. Lockyer. He was told that
Mr. Lockyer's omnibus was not in the centre of the road
when the defendant's came up ; but there was sufficient on
his side to have allowed the defendant's omnibus to pass the
plaintiff's vehicle, but in his desire to pick up " the sweep-
ings of Liverpool," the driver Lacey, instead of retaining his
position, drove his vehicle so as to cross the defendant's
horses, so that it was entirely by this conduct upon the part
of Lacey that the accident had happened. No one could re-
gret more than the defendant did that the plaintiff should
have sustained any injury, but on this occasion it was attri-
butable not to the negligence of himself or his servants, but
to the conduct of another party. Under all the circumstances
the defendant was not liable, and the proper party for the
plaintiff to have sued was Mr. Lockyer.
Several witnesses were called who imputed all the blame to
Lockyer's omnibus.
The ASSESSOR, in directing the jury, said that suppose
Lockyer's omnibus was in fault, it did not follow that the
defendant's conduct was excusable, provided they thought he
ought not at that moment to have been passing. The learned
gentleman was proceeding to read over the evidence, when
The Jury said they had made up their minds, and they
would not give him the trouble : they should return a verdict
for the plaintiff, damages £4 6s. 6d.
The ASSESSOR.—There can be no doubt, gentlemen, that
both were in the wrong—one party ought to have turned
aside, and the other ought not to have passed at that
moment.

THE SCOTCH KIRK IN NEW SCOTLAND.ROAD

Aware as we ore that there has long been a great want of
spiritual instruction and pastoral assistance amongst that
part of the community in the north part of the town who are
• attached to the established Church of Scotland, we have fur
some time past observed with satisfaction the progressive
' erection. in New Scotland-road, of a very neat kirk for their
accommodation—to he called St. Peter's ; and it being com-
pleted in all but a few unimportant details, we were yesterday
much gratified by an inspection of the entire building.
The style of architecture adopted throughout is Norman,
and that, we think, of the chastest and most pleasing kind.
Though in sonic few points elaborate, it is generally plain ;
and the tout-ensemble, particularly if seen from a distance,
appears to resemble the original gothic, (except in the round,
instead of the pointed, arch in the doors and windows,) to
form the connecting link between the two styles. Both are
conjoined, without much abhorrence to good taste, in the
ancient arid venerable Cathedral of Chester, the original part
of that fabric being Norman—the more modern, Gothic.
The west end forms the frontal to the street, with a hand.
sonic tower, half in projection, surmounted by a spire, and
wings for the staircases, the whole of well-wrought red free-
stone. The body of the building isf o brickwork, relieved be-
tween the windows by buttresses. The tower is three sto-
ries in height. There are three doors to this front. The
principal or central one forms, in due accordance with the
style, a wide, deep archway, decreasing interiorly with its
mouldings, the exterior of which are supported by two slen-
der columns on each side. The arches of the doors are in
two rings, ornamented with the chevron, &c. Over the
centre one is pannelling, worked out of the ashler, and a
reticulated or chequered frieze above, one course in height.
Over this, in the second story, is the central or principal
gallery window, which is a triple one,—of three long win-
dows with semi-circular tops, thrown together,—with appro-
priate plinth, sill, and shafts. The arches over the lights are
entwined in the manner peculiar to the style; and the outer
or large arch, over and combining them, is worked in one
ring. The third story forms the belfry. The luffer windows
(four together) are divided by projecting colums, each sup-
ported at its base by human heads, forming, as it were,
brackets. These windows occupy nearly the full breadth of
the tower at each of its four sides. Over these the building
is corbelled, with human faces studding the cavetto. In the
carving of these faces the grotesque, though it belongs legiti.
mately to the order, has, we think properly, been avoided,
probably from its being considered, in modern times, incon-
sistent with the due solemnity of a place of worship. At the
top of the tower there is a piqued pediment to each of the
four fronts also reticulated ; and within each is a clock face,
so that the time is indicated to each cardinal point. In the
centre below each clock face is a large figure of an angel, cut
iu the stone, with extended wings, and holding a book,—as
supporters of the clocks and pediments. The piqued outward
points of the pediments terminate, two of them in the Scotch
thistle, cut in stone; the other two•respectively in the rose
and shamrock. [A Welsh correspondent lately suggested to
us that the leek might well have substituted one of the this-
tles.] There is a handsome diagonal pier, decreasing in size
to the top, at each angle of the tower. The masonry of those
near the top is very effective. and they are surrounded by
turrets in keeping with the style. The water-tables, that
cover the tower to the base of the spire are also corbelled,
and look well. The spire is octagonal, and empanelled per-
pendicularly on each side, in two tiers or stories, with a hole
between each at:midway height. In each of the wings on
either side the tower there are two long semicircular arched
windows in the stone work, (the same as those in the body
of the building ;) and over each of those nearest the tower,
is a qualre-foil window, lighting each side of the back gal-
lery. At the corners of the wings there are also small tur-
rets or shafts in the best Norman style. The building stands
some little distance from the street, and is enclosed with a
handsome iron tailing, with gates, lamp-posts, &c., of the
same order. The height of the tower and spire together is
about 116 feet. The latter is topped by a splendid Scotch
thistle, the flower forming the apex, and the leaves and stem,
gracefully pendant, the ornamental work below it. The whole
length of the building is about 102 feet, exclusive of the
vestry

The interior is fitted up in a manner at once neat and con-
venient, and at the same time in strict keeping with the ex-
terior. It is shout 75 feet in length, and 471 in breadth, with
an ample elevation. There is a straight gallery running
along the sides and crossing the west end at right angles, at
which last it recedes into the second story of the tower, af-
fording ample room for the school children, and also for an
organ ; if our Scottish friends were favourable to " concord
of sweet sounds" in churches, which, we regret to say, few
of them are. The front of the gallery is ornamented by small
Norman arches on pillars standing two and two together,
with the roped arch-work entwined. These are on a sky-
blue ground, and are what is called " colonnading"—some-
times found in our ancient churches. The pews are well
arranged, and commodious, having sloping backs, and so
divided that small and large families may be accommodated
in any part of the church. The pulpit is a handsome piece
of Norman architecture on a pedestal, and is accessible by
two curving stairs with Norman rails. It stands partly
under a wide recess, with an areh spanning from the abut-
ment of the galleries on either side. The terminations of the
a: ch rest on projecting blocks with pendants, and have a pleas-
ing effect. The gallery is supported in front on each side by
five iron columns, and within these is a projection or soffit
the breadth of one seat all round. It is lighted by six long
windows on each side, by the gallery windows before noticed,
and at the east end, over the centre of the galleries, by two
circular stained-glass windows : these last have a very lively
and pleasing effect. The wood-work is grained in oak.
Beneath the church there are two excellent and well-
lighted school-rooms, each 47i feet in length by 33 in
breadth, with all suitable conveniences, and approaches,
and play-yards, within the enclosures. There is also a ves-
try-room, a church library, &c. &c., and approved appara-
tus and arrangements for beating and ventilating the whole.
The architect was Mr. Cunningham, and the contractor
for the whole work (which appears to be most faithful aril!
substantial) Mr. Beattie. The stone work was done by Me.
Wylie, of Gloucester-street.

This kirk will be opened on Sunday next, when, as may
be seen from an advertisement, three services will take pis.ce,
when, we trust, the attendance will be such as will be grati-
fying to those who originatad the undertaking, and the 'Libe-
rality displayed go far to supply the funds yet required for
the cost of the building, in the erection of which, we am in-
formed, strict regard has been paid to all possible economy.