The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-12-05 00:00:00

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runs through Kilkenny Point, and for its whole distance
it passes through the hardest granite. It is said that this
is the first tunnel in the United Kingdom entirely through
such difficult material.-
CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY.—The Irish Ad-
vocate gives the average speed of the Dublin and Holy-
head packets. The power of the vessels is 350 horse
each, and the distance 64 miles. The "Banshee" ap-
pears from the statement to be the fastest, having accom-
plished the passage in 3 hours 44 minutes. The average
time taken by the four vessels on the station is about 4
hours 20 minutes,
The gigantic scheme of railway amalgamation has proved
abortive, at least for the present. The question on which
the three great companies have split is that of representa-
tion at the Board of Directors, the Nolth-Western claim-
ing that, as its stake in the concern is nearly, if not quite,
equal to -the other two combined, it shall have a propor-
tionate renresentntim, •

agreed upon, an equality of representation was the prin-
ciple laid down.
From official returns it appears that the amount of rail-
way traffic for the last week, on 4,205 miles of railway,
was £183,068, thus accounted for :—£81,166 for the con-
veyance of passengers only, £55,351 for the carriage of
goods, and a remainder of £46,551 for passengers and
goods together, not respectively apportioned ; being an
increase of £23,122 over the corresponding week of last
year, when the mileage was £8,317. The average earn-
ings per mile were £43, whilst in 1847 they were £4B.
WONDERS OF THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—The New
York correspondent of the Morning He) aid, in his letter
received by the last mail, mentions some facts, showing
the wonders of the telegraph. It appears that the returns
of a particular district, in the presidential election, were
received in New York in a few hours, after passing a dis-
tance nearly equal to a voyage across the Atlantic to Li-
verpool—and this too with, of course, sundry breaks and
numberless interruptions. The electric telegraph, he
adds, may in truth be termed " The nerves of the Ameri-'
can republic."
DESTRUCTION OF LARKS BY THE ELECTRIC TELE-
GRAPH WIRE.—One frosty morning last week, the plate
layers upon the Whitehaven Junction Railway found no
less than seven y larks lying dead beneath the telegraph
wires between Workington and Maryport. The same
day Mr. Foster, inspector of the line, found seventeen
larks between Harrington and Workington. The heads
of many of the birds were cut off, and their bodies other-
wise mangled. Seabirds and different kinds of game
have also occasionally been found dead, having probably
come in contact with the invisible wires at night when in
full flight.—Carlisle Journal.
T,HE EUSTON STATION. The station at London,
which has been recently completed, at a cost of
about £150,000, is situated between Seymour-street and
Whittkbury-street, and comprises an area of about 2,100
feet in length by 500 feet in breadth. On either side is a
platform : the one on the east side, or the arrival platform,
is 1100 feet in length and about 40 feet in width ; and the
departure platform is about 800 feet in length. In this
space on the various lines there are 60 turn tables, and
over this are about 700 feet by-350 feet of glass roofing.
There are also 16,000 feet of drains and sewerage. On
the west side, adjoining Codrington-street, a number of
coach factories have been erected, the area occupied by
these being 300 feet by 400 feet. A smithy, with every
convenience for the manufacturing of vehicles, is attached.
In the course of the past week the waste materials which
were not required by the contractors were sold, and rea-
lised nearly £l,OOO.
LIABILITY OF PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE-MEN,--Mr.
Blandy, the solicitor to a defunct scheme, called the
"Oxford, Theme, High Wickham, and Uxbridge Railway
Company," had brought, an action against Mr. De Burgh,
the chairman of the provisional committee, for work and
labour done. A verdict had been found for the plaintiff;
but a point was raised under what is called the Attornies'
Act, which requires, in order to give an opportunity for
axation, a solicitor's bill to be delivered a month before
action to the party to be charged, therewith, or left at his
counting-house, office of business, dwelling-house, or last
known place of abode. It was not denied that the bill
had been so left at the company's offices in Moorgate-
street, but it was urged that the "company" was then
defunct, although a plate bearing the name of the cora-
pally on it was still affixed to the door. The rule nisi was
argued on Saturday last, when the court differing in
opinion, it fell to the ground, and the verdict accordingly
stands.
DEPOSIT OF PLAxs.—Thursday was the last day for
the reception of plans and sections for new lines, &c. The
number of plans and sections lodged in connection with
railways up to the close of the offices was twenty-nine.
two only being for new lines, namely, the Brentwood,
Southall, and Pinner Railway, and the Faversham to
Chilham Railway, and twenty-seven for branches, exten-
sions, or deviations. Besides these, but not requiring the
deposit of either plans or sections, there are applications
for upwards of twenty amalgamations in England, and
eight in Scotland ; six cases of relinquishment or aban-
donment of portions of lines; five for extensions of, time
for making railway or purchases of land, and a great many
for amendments of acts. The chief feature in all the ap-
plications is that of future economy in constructive Works,
and for internal mutual arrangement. Including all
classes of applications, there are about 110 applications
for railway purpoies this year, as set against 140 in the
last session of parliament.
'Vs A WATER RAILWAY.—The Glasgow Citizen describes
an invention, which is now in progress of accomplishment,
for conveying the trains across the tidal estuary at •
Broughty Ferry, on the route of railway to Scotland. The
distance across is about a mile and a-half. Our contem-
porary says, " Mr. Robert Napier is at present building in
his yard, at Govan, a floating' railway, for the Edinburgh
and Northern Railway Company. It is being built of
iron, 180 feet in length, and 35 feet in breadth. It is to
have three lines of rails en deck, so as to enable it to take
on a railway train of 500 feet in length, and is to be pro-
pelled by engines of 150 horse-power. As the main line
of railway on each side ()Nile 'ray is considerably above
the level of the sea, stationary engines on either side of
the Frith are to he employed to draw Cl) or lower the
trains. This railroad steamboat is expected to be
launched in a few weeks." It will be seen that this is
very much on The same principle as the floating bridges at
Gosport and Southampton, although, of coure, on amuch
larger scale

about half an hour, till the up-train arrived, with which
it returned to town. While at Slough the light was
turned in the direction of Windsor Castle, as it was the
expectation of M. Le Mott, who accompanied the expe-
riment, that it would be seen from thence. While there,
a gentleman stationed himself at the distance of 200 yards
or so from ihe apparatus, and read a newspaper by the
light produced, which he found he could do with perfect
ease. The apparatus then returned to town in the same
manner, the light being continuously intense during the
whole of the journey and return ; and it was stated by the
ingenious inventor that there could be no difficulty in
keeping it up for the whole night. The experiment af-
forded great satisfaction to all who witnessed it, the only
drawback being that the apparatus, having been in the
first instance adapted for stationary experiments, suffered
considerably from the jolting inseparable from railway
motion, a defect which the inventor considered might be
with ease overcome in any future experiment. This is
the first time that light produced by electricity has been
applied to railway purposes ; and if its use should be
found practicable, there can be no doubt that it will add
greatly to the safety of night travelling by railway.

POLITICAL MIS

The nomination for the 'West Riding will take place on
Monday next, and the polling on the Thursday and Fri-
day following.
___

HONORS OF WHIG REFORMS.—Capfain Kenderdine,
of Stafford, has been fined one hundred pounds for re-
fu,ing the honor of the mayoralty of that borough !
MR. DENISON'S CANVA SSING .TOUR.—Mr. Denison
commenced his canvassing tour at Leeds on 'Tuesday,
where his reception was most flattering. On Wednesday
the hon. gentleman visited Barnsley ; on Thursday, Brad-
ford ; Friday, Wakefield ; and on Saturday he addressed
them at Halifax.

MIL. DENISON'S OPINIONS.—Mr. Denison declares
himself opposed to Romish endowment, but favourable to
Church extension, scriptural education, and the further
appointment of bishops for the colonies. He declines to
give any opinion on the navigation laws, and is an advo-
cate of every possible retrenchment and economy.
THE RIVAL CANDIDATES.-DH Wednesday Sir Culling
Eardley and Mr. Denison met at the Doncaster Station,
when a gentleman, who accompanied Sir Culling to Don-
caster, introduced him to Mr. Denison, and a cordial
shake of the hands took place. 'The three 'gentlemen
then entered the same first-class carriage for Wakefield,
and left.
Who out of Bedlam would have dreamed that the mur-
der of Rossi, the besieging of the Pope in his Palace, and
perhaps his expulsion from his capital, were all the work
of England ? Yet that is the explanation which the
(Romish) Dublin Freeman offers to its readers. If the
Khan of Tartary had to fly, England would by the same
profound philosophers be pronounced the cause.
Sourn DEVON ELECTION.--Mr. Kekewich has resigned
all pretensions to represent South Devon at the coming
election, for the seat expected to be vacated by Lord
Courtenay. In a printed circular, he states,—" I find
that in consequence of the opinion which T entertain with
regard to some provision for the Roman Catholic clergy
in Ireland, the number of requisitionists is not sufficient
to induce me to disturb the peace of the county, and I
therefore shall not offer myself as a candidate." Sir
Ralph Lopez (conservative) has been brought forward.
He was formerly member for Westbury, and is a sound
Protestant.

A BOON TO THE EXCHEQUER.—The expiring Corn
Laws are pouring into the exhausted treasury supplies
that are no doubt very welcome to Sir C. Wood. In the
month ending October 5, the duties paid on corn amounted
to about 4234,569, and that ending November 5, to about
£165,492. These payments are after the rate of nearly
two-and-a-half millions per annum ; and would relieve
the tax-payers of the country to that extent without in-
flicting injury upon any one. When the duties cease, we
repeat, the foreign grower or the speculating importer
will pocket almost the entire amount, leaving the defici-
ency of the revenue to be provided by some other tax.
THE LATE CHARLES BULLER AND THE DUKE OF
Sussax.--The great fault of the late Mr. Buller was the
affectation of a careless indifference,--a sort of insouciant
spirit, as if the world and all its concerns, parties, politics,
and principles, were matters of the supremest indifference
to him. Thus, for instance, when he was but a young
man, and when it was important that he should appear
with his best airs and behaviour, 'he was at a dinner party
given by late Duke of Sussex. , When the dessert had
come in, he looked around him, and, fancying he saw
nobody but pompousfull-dressed noodles on each side, he
threw himself back in his chair, and fell fast asleep'.
This was an act of rudeness of which Charles Buller would
-not have been guiity at a very much humbler table.
The free-traders of the West Riding.are divided in opi-
nion as to the fitness of Sir Culling Eardley to represent
them. Mr. Baines attended at Manchester last week to
advocate Sir Culling's claims, but met with a cold recep-
tion. A meeting was held at Lee& on Thursday, at
which a resolution was carried, with only a few dissenti-
ents, in favour of Mr. Roebuck, and a deputation was ap-
pointed to wait on Sir Culling's committee, to induce
them, if possible, to withdraw their candidate, but this
they are not likely to do from fear of Mr. Roebuck's
claims, thouch we should not be surprised to hear of his
being withdrawn in consequence of the enthusiasm dis-
played in favour of Mr. Denison. All the old Whig fami-
lies have declared their intention to support Mr. Denison,
nd his straightforward speeches have won for him the

REWARDS OF INDUSTRY.—At a meeting last week, in
Leeds, Mr. Beckett Denison, in a speech to the electors,
said, " there is hardly a man in the possession of a large
landed property in the West Riding of Yorkshire, or even
in the whole county of York, whose father or grandfather
was not connected with trade, and whose descendants
•-•,,ssess £6OOO, or £BOOO, or £lO,OOO, or even more
,or the purpose. The light was produced before the train a year. (A. voice—".No : Earl Fitzwilliam did not.")
left Paddington, when a dazzling blaze filled the whole of And that is the reason, suppose, why you did not like
the spacious station, casting the numerous gas-lamps his son. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) My own grand-
there completely into the shade. As the train proceeded father was as humble a man as any one I sec before me
on its way, the reflector left a long train of clear bright this day. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) His son obtained a
light for the distance of a mile and more behind it, in I good education, and worked his way up to a somewhat
such a manner as to render it utterly impossible that any distinguished position ; and I hope I do not occupy a
train coming up behind should run into it, except as the despicable position. (Hear, hear, and applause.) I say,
effect of deliberate intention. The reflector, as seen from then, it is your own faults if you do not get yourselves and
the carriage, was very beautiful, the prismatic colours your children well educated • and, when they are well
being distinctly and vividly delineated along the cuter educated, it is in their power to' rise to the most educated
edge of the circle of radiation ; and as these fell upon the and prominent situations that there are in the State.
dense column of smoke ascending from the engine, the And it occurs only at this moment to my mind that the
effect was singular and striking. The night was dark, grandfather. I have mentioned was not the only humble
but clear, and so far favourable to the experiment ; and ancestor I had. I had another, and whose name I now
objects, such as a bridge, were rendered distinctly visible bear, who was a charity boy in a bluecoat school in this
at the distance of two miles. The experiment was made town.. _(Hear, hear, and a cry of " You have done awa
as far as Slough, on arriving at which station the truck with that now.'') .TiuhrA „„„. y

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