The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-06-20 00:00:00

@nitral Aitaellann.

The rate of discount of the Bank of England has been
reduced from Four to Three-and-Half per Cent.
Poor Tom Steele died at Peele's Coffee-house on Wed-
nesday.
Three men were drowned in Loch Lomond, on Tuesday,
by the upsetting of a boat.
On Wednesday, the bakers throughout the metropolis
reduced the price of the 41b. loaf Id.
A considerable quantity of cider has been imported into
London from the United States.

The local rates of Leicester are eighteen shillings in the
pound. It is believed at present to be the most distressed
town in the country.

In London, during the last seven days, the scarlet fever
has killed just three times its ordinary number, and typhus
and small-pox nearly twice the average number.
Large importations of cherries and other fruits have
been received in London, during the past week, from
France, Belgium, and Holland.
The sale of the estates of the Duke of Buckingham, in
Bucks, Oxford, and Northamptonshire, has realised
£262,990.
An unusual quantity of salmon has this week been
taken in the Tyne and sold at the low rate of sixpence
per lb.
On Friday, W. T. Smith, Esq., of Kentish Town,
whose intellect has been latterly impaired by paralysis,
blew out his brains with a blunderbuss.

In the poisoning eases at Bristol, the jury have returned
a verdict that the deceased died of prussic acid, but there
was no evidence by whom administered.
At Bradford, three chartists were on Friday committed
for trial for illegal drilling to military exercises, and one
for seditious speaking.
A man has been committed for trial charged with set-
ting fire to a stack of straw, at Bishop Middleham. The
scoundrel had been refused relief by the owner of the
straw.

DEPLORABLEDEATH.—On Saturday, theßev. E. Spen-
cer, a relative of Earl Spencer, was found dead in the
arch under the Adelphi. Deceased died of the effects of
drunkenness. __ _ _

On Sunday, the house of Mr. Isaac. a hatter, on the
Parade, Plymouth, was burnt down, in consequence of the
ignition and explosion of a barrel of naptha from a lighted
candle, and two children were burnt to death.

On Saturday, at the Central Criminal Court, nine
Chartists were found guilty of a riot on Sunday, the 4th
instant, at Bishop Bonner's-fields. Sentence was de-
ferred.

Many of the shipwrights of Sunderland who had the
opportunity to work at the reduced wage of a guinea a
week have declined to do so, and nearly the whole of
these working men are now out of employment.
Prince Albert presided on Friday afternoon at a meet-
ing of the Commission for Frnm.t;.6 una Encouraging
the Fine Arts in the rebuilding of the Palace of 'West-
minster.

The times are so bad that a great number of pawnbro-
kers in the metropolis have given notice that they will not
take in pledges, it being next to impossible to get rid of
unredeemed goods by public sale.
The Hereford Journal states that haymaking is now
extensively in operation in that vicinity, but that the
crops generally are neither heavy nor remarkable for their
quality—a fact attributable to the extraordinary drought
and unseasonable heat of the early part of May.
An amusing joke was played off in the House of Lords
the other evening, when some noble lord. as Lord
Brougham entered the house, put a hair broom on his
seat. There was a general laugh at the noble lord's sur-
prise.
Nearly 200 young women, under the charge of six ma-
trons, sailed last week from Plymouth, in the Royal
George, for Sydney, New South Wales. These girls were
all selected in the Irish Union Workhouses, and are sent
by the Australian Land and Emigration Commissioners.
On Thursday week, the sum of £1,600, raised for the
relief of the widow and family of William Wyatt, and re-
warding Thomas Wyatt and others, who assisted in the
capture of the Adlington murdereas, was presented at
Macclesfield. . . .

At the Old Bailey Sessions, on Wednes:ay, tl,e trial of
Mr. Barnes, surgeon, of Thaxted, for the abduction of the
daughter of the Rev. Thomas Harvey, was postponed, it
being suggested as probable that the affair would be com-
promised.
DRURY-LANE TIIEATRE.—The "anti-monopolists,"
as a morning contemporary facetiously termed the troop
of French actors whose performance at " Old Drury" has
given such offence to the English public, leave London
this week, after giving two farewell performances for
which they modestly charge only a guinea!
A few days since some sawyers, employed in a building-
yard, at Plymouth, who were sawing a fine elm that had
been blown down by the wind, found a sparrow's nest,
containing an egg, in the centre of the tree, which was two
feet nine inches in diameter at the place where the nest
was discovered, and which was perfectly sound.
Early in July the new Romish Cathedral in Saint
George's Fields is to be opened, with a " pontifical"
service by Dr. Wiseman. Tickets are already selling at
one or two guineas each ; and it is expected that the " per-
formance" will yield as much, or even more, than one of
Jenny Lind's benefit concerts !
THE HONEYSUCKLE.—The Gardener's Chronicle, in
a recent number has suggested the raising of varieties
from this beautiful creeper, and we allude to this matter
because a neighbour in the country has sent to our office
a pretty specimen of a variety, grown in his own de-
lightful garden. It is of a bright scarlet color and quite
new to us.

THE MURDER IN COLD-BATH FIELDS PRISON.—The
coroner's inquest on the body of William Woodhouse,
late a warder in this prison, who was stabbed to death by
George John Hewson, one of the prisoners, on Saturday
morning week, has terminated in a verdict of wilful
murder against Hewson, who has been committed to
Newgate for trial.

THE CASE OF POISONING AT A PUBLIC DINNER.—The
inquest upon the body of Mr. William Cornfiel, one of
thc crafrs..a.a a, vv... .....auslcs.l vaa Tucad.,
jury returned a verdict of " Manslaughter against Edmund
Franklin and Edward Randall." Franklin is the pastry-
cook who furnished the dinner and Randall is the pastry-
cook's assistant.

SUDDEN DEATH OF FATHER AND SON.-011 Monday,
Thomas Watts, one of the under-porters at Trinity Col-
lege, Cambridge, dropped down dead. On the day but
one following (Wednesday last) the father of the deceased
dropped dead, as he was on his way to tell another son
when the funeral of his brother would take place. Both
died of disease of the heart.
FOREIGN FRUIT.—The first import of cherries at Hull,
took place on the sth inst., and consisted of 150 baskets
brought with 50 baskets new potatoes and a few cucumbers,
from Rotterdam. These were followed, on Friday, by 700
baskets cherries, 100 ditto potatoes, and 50 ditto green
peas, brought from Antwerp. On Monday, the Seagull
delivered upwards of 1,000 baskets cherries, 15 baskets
cucumbers, and 200 baskets potatoes.
THE EMIGRANT SHIP OMEGA.—This ship, which was
supposed to have foundered after the emigrants had been
taken out of her, has been passed, perfectly sound, 80
miles west of the Scilly Lights, by the barque Franklin.
Not a soul was on board, and the vessel was drifting with
the current, leaving little doubt that had the emigrants
remained on board every one would have been saved.—
Montreal Transcript, of May 20.
On Friday, the Lord Mayor of London, accompanied
by the sheriffs and several of the aldermen, all attired in
court dresses, went in state carriages to visit the Chinese
junk, Keying, which is now exhibited at Blackwall. The
Chinese at first mistook the footmen, who wore splendid
liveries, covered with gold lace, for the turtle-loving dig-
nitaries of the corporation, and accordingly made deep
salaams to them, until the interpreters explained which
were the masters and which the servants.
Peter Carlton, an Irishman, servant to Major Turner,
was brought up at London police-court the other day,
charged with bigamy. His second wife did not wish to
prosecute him ; and, on the magistrate asking explanation,
it appeared that his first wife, who represented herself to
him„ in the commencement, as a widow, had another
husband living when he married her. He had deserted
her when he discovered that fact, and considered himself
free to_go ito the altar a second time. This curious case
_has been_mtponed.

STEAM V. HORSEFLESII.—A gentleman, well known on
the turf, has challenged the best engine belonging to the
Great Western Railway Company to run half a mile for
1,000 sovs., the steamer to travel per rail, and the biped
on the Reading race-course, which is parallel with the
line.

About 560 of the British lace-makers near Calais, ex-
pelled from France by the events of the late revolution,
have been sent to our Australian Colonies, by the bene-
volent exertions of Lord Ashley, Lord Robert Grosvenor,
and others. The last of three ships chartered by the
Emigration Commissioners for their conveyance, sailed
from Gravesend near• London, on Monday.
MURDER AT SHlELDS.—Yesterday week, at the Shields
races, a quarrel took place between two men in one of
the tents frequented by loose women, with some of whom
the belligerents had been drinking, and a fight ensued,
when one of the men, named Moody, stabbed the other
with a knife. The wound proved fatal in a few minutes.
The quarrel originated in the attentions paid by the de-
ceased to one of the women, which excited the jealousy of
Moody, who was soon afterwards appr.ebended.
On Thursday a little boy, five years old, travelling with
its mother and servant, by the third class train on the
Midland Railway, fell out of the carriage as the train was
proceeding, either from the opening of door or over-
balancing himself through the window. The train was
stopped as soon as possible, as was the:down train, and
an engine was sent on to find the boy; but before its
arrival the boy had been picked up by a policeman, with
no further injury than a few scratches.

During a heavy thunder-storm which visited North-
wich and its neighbourhood, on the 3rd instant, two
milch cows, belonging to Mr. Dunn, of Hartford, were
struck by the lightning while grazing or lying down in
the orchard near Mr. Dunn's house, and died very soon
after. And on the next day, during another heavy thun-
der storm, Mr. Edgerley, farmer, of Wicham, near
Northwich, had a valuable cow and calf struck dead by
the electric fluid.

EFFECT OF CHARTIST DEMONSTRATIONS.-4 corre-
spondent had a ship at one of the ports of Porto Rico
waiting to take cargo under regular charter ; and, in con-
sequence of the news arriving of the general disturbed
state of Europe, and of the intended Chartist meeting on
Kennington-common, the merchants refused to load the
ship ; and in this case the owners of the vessel sustain a
very considerable loss. Several other ships were in port
at the same time, and also lost their cargoes.—Plymouth
Journal.

ROYAL THAmEg YACHT CLUB.—The content for the
prize of £lOO, open to all Royal Yacht Clubs, without
respect to tonnage, took place on Tuesday last. Eight
yachts started, all belonging to London, Plymouth, and
Southampton. The distance to be sailed was from Erith
round the Nore Light, and back. The winner was the
Musquito, of 50 tons, belonging to Charles Mars, Esq.,
of London, which performed the distance in 7 hours, 25
minutes, 50 seconds. The Heroine came in second, the
Secret third, and the Daring fourth.
MURDER.—On Monday night, two men, named Ben-
nett and Cook, were returning home from a cider-house,
about a mile distant from Ledbury, when near to Brad-
low turnpike, they were accosted by a fellow named
Samuel Taylor. A few words passed between them,
when Taylor struck Bennett a tremendous blow, which
felled him to the ground. The poor fellow, as soon as he
could recover himself, importuned him for merny, but to
no purpose, nor did he desist until Bennett fell a corpse.
The villain then made off, and has not yet been taken.
EMIGRANT SHIPS.—The consul of the United States
has transmitted to Lloyd's a copy of an act of congress,
dated the 17th of May, regarding the ventilation and pro-
visioning of emigrant ships. The first section of this act
makes it incumbent on all vessels carrying fifty passengers
or under, in the between-decks, to have a house con-
structed on the combings of the hatchway, with two doors,
so that one may at all times be open for the purpose of
ventilation. Where more than fifty passengers are car-
ried, a house must be constructed at each end of the deck,
one to be furnished at the top with an outlet for foul air,
and the other to be so constructed as to admit fresh air.
Cooking apparatus must also be furnished on deck.
THE SUPPOSED MURDER AT BATTERSEA.—OII Wed-
nesday, the Coroner for Surrey resumed the adjourned
inquest respecting the death of James Charles Gosling,
aged twenty-three, the party who was found in the river
Thames with a pistol wound in the forehead, and who it
was believed had been murdered and afterwards thrown
into the water. Mrs. Eliza Gosling, of Grove-place,
Brampton, identified the deceased as being her son, and
described him as having been very eccentric in his con-
duct, and incoherent in his language. He had frequently
said, that if he wished to commit suicide he should shoot
himself in the head and fall back into the river, so that no
inquest should be held on his body. The Jury returned
a verdict—" That the deceased destroyed his own life, he
being at the time of unsound mind."
MORE CHARTIST ARRESTS AT BINGLEY.—Three more
of the Chartists, engaged in the late riot and rescue at
Bingley, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, were taken
from their beds early on Thursday morning last, and
committed to York Castle by Mr. W. B. Ferrand. One
of the prisoners was liberated on bail, and the others
were escorted by Mr. Ferrand, with six of his keepers
(armed with double barrelled guns) and about eighty con-
stables, to the railway station, whence they were sent off
to York Castle. Two more men were taken into custody
the same morning, on the charge of throwing stones and
using threatening language to Mr. Thacker, magistrates'
clerk, and one of the Bingley constables. The firmness
and decision of Mr. Ferrand as a magistrate have almost
put an entire stop to the illegal proceedings of the Char-
tists in his locality.
ATTEMPTED MURDER AND ROBBERY AT HARROGATE.
—On Monday morning, about half-past five o'clock, when
the female servant of Mr. Todd, boot and shoemaker, at
High Harrogate, opened the house door, a man rushed
within the house, and seizing hold of her, tied a handker-
chief over her mouth to prevent her screaming. He then
commenced rifling her pockets. but finding little of value
there, he drew a razor, and attempted to cut her throat
with it, inflicting two severe gashes. When he had
frightened the young woman out of further resistance, he
hastily ransacked several of the drawers, from which he
removed several articles of silver plate ; but hearing a
whistle, (which was supposed to be given by an accom-
plice stationed near,) he suddenly decamped, leaving the
bulk of the property behind him, but taking with him the
handkerchief which he had tied round the girl's mouth.
INCREASE OF PAUPERISM. The rapid increase of
pauperism in the parishes comprised in the Huntingdon
union offers a melancholy example of the rapid decline of
the rural population in comfort and respectability, or else
that the wholesome state of self-respect which kept a man
from the parish has been broken down, and the example
of one becomes the standard and rule for the many. The
Huntingdon union embraces 83 parishes, with a popula-
tion at the last census of 18,229—by the quarterly return
made at Lady-day, it appears that nearly one-fifth of this
number were receiving parochial relief, namely 3,416,
which is an increase over the same period of 1844 (four
years) of upwards of 1,300. The parish of Ramsey with
a population of 3,679, stands conspicuous in the increase
—at Lady-day 1844, the number of their poor receit Lig in
and out-door relief was 465—at the same period in 1848 it
was 1 410—making considerably more than one-third of
the whole population in a state of pauperism.
DEATH OF JAMES WATT, ESQ.—Our obituary of this
week records the death of James Watt, Esq., the last
surviving son of the illustrious improver of the steam
engine. He was born on the sth of February, 1769, and
was therefore, in his 80th year. Inheriting a large share of
the powerful intellect of his distinguished father, to the
extension of whose fame he had for the last thirty years
shown the most zealous and truly filial devotion, he united
to great sagacity and a masculine understanding the varied
acquirements and literary tastes of a well-cultivated mind.
His name will long be remembered in association with that
of the late Mr. Boulton, as they were for nearly half a
century successfully engaged in carrying out those inven-
tions and improvements by which the genius of his father
was immortalized. For the last eight years of his life he
had comparatively retired from active business, and had
devoted much attention to the improvement of his exten-
sive estates in the counties of Radnor and Brecon.—
Birminyham Journal.
A GIRL KILLED BY HER BROTHER.—On Monday, a
little interesting girl, named Mary Ridgwell, aged nine
years, and her brother, aged twelve, were playing together
in a yard fronting their parents' house, at Chelmsford.
The little girl was noticed going:to a pump with a pail in
one hand and a mug in the other, when the brother de-
manded
the pail, which he got possession of. The deceased
then said, " You shan't have that," meaning the mug she
had in her hand, and, on his endeavouring to get it, she
threw some water which was in it over him. He then
struck her across the back, and they kicked at each other.
A painful blow appeared to have been inflicted on the
lower part of her abdomen. She reeled towards some '
palings and swooned away. She expired in the course of
twenty minute°. From fright, apparently, the boy ran
away from his home, and was taken on the Colchester
road, about two miles and a half from Chelmsford. The
jury returned a verdict of manslaughter against the boy
William Ridgwell, and he was accordingly committed for
trial at the ensuing assizes.
TRANSPORTATION FOR FORGING. At the Central
Criminal Court, London, on Thursday, John Wilkinson,
a respectable looking man, apparently over 60 years of
age, and described as a labourer, removed by habeas from
Bristol, was charged with forging a transfer upon the
Bank of England. It appeared that while the prisoner
was in business in Mint-street, Borough, in 1838, his son
married a lady under age, but by whom be got £l5OO for-
tune. Of this £lOOO was invested in the Bank of Eng-
land Three per cent. Reduced Annuities, in the name of
the prisoner and a neighbour of his, named William Shep-
pard, as co-trustees for the son and his children ; and so
it was supposed to remain until 1847, when it was dis-
covered that the prisoner, accompanied by a person
falsely representing William Sheppard, forged a deed of
transfer, by which he drew the whole of the £lOOO out of
the bank, and converted it to his own use, thus leaving
1 his real co-trustee liable to his son and the children. The
jury found the prisoner guilty, and he was sentenced to be
transported for life.

DISINTERESTED GENEROSITY. -Mr. Warren, the
author of " Ten Thousand a Year," the " Diary of a
Physician,"and last, though by no means least memorable,
the dramatic narrative " Now and Then," in the course
of a lecture delivered in the hall of the Law Society, in
Chancery-lane, said, " a short time ago, a gentleman of
large fortune, a man, in fact, worth his £40,000, was in-
dignant with his only child, a daughter, for marrying
against his wishes. He quarrelled with her—he disin-
herited her—he left his whole property of £40,000 to his
attorney, and to two other gentlemen, all of whom were
residing in Yorkshire. What did the attorney do ? He
went to his two co-legatees, got them to sign their re-
spective claims over to himself, and then made over every
sixpence of the £40,000 to the daughter and her chil-
dren ! " The above gratifying circumstance is literally
true. The gentleman of fortune was a manufacturer in a
town celebrated for its linen manufactures within the
district of the circulation of this paper, and the disin-
terested attorney is one of the brightest ornaments of his
profession in the West Riding of Yorkshire.

A disgraceful attempt bas been made in Losdon,;ll
number of blackguards, to prevent the French cola 14,,
who have taken Drury-lane theatre from tieing heard'd
Macready felt this insult to the foreign artists so acTi
that he addressed a "letter to the manager, stating
" not only on the stage and in society, but frolneot
many artists of the various theatres in Paris, I exPerl 10
the most gratifying and liberal attentions. It i 5,11
equal pain and surprise I have heard of the disrepuf•
proceedings at Drury-lane." The row, which cometw
on Monday, was continued on Wednesday night.
FATAL AFFRAY.—An inquest was held on Thw-ts
at the New Inn, at Longford, near Glocester,
Oath
body of a Mr. Organ, a respectable inhabitant of_.„,
city, whose death was occasioned in the following
:5
ner :—Mr. Organ had been dining with a convivial i',7o/
celebrating the anniversary of a society of which hettot,
member, at the New Inn. He left the house to getead
somewhat exhilarated by the good cheer of which 40
partaken, when he was insulted by three fellows oft
potable character, one of them a returned transPrioid
a pugilistic contest was about to commence, whella4is:
person, named Rudge, a man of very indifferent cufelli
ter, came up and struck Mr. Organ a blow wh,,ichlo
him to the ground. He was carried into the ra.,"„aY
but it was discovered that life was nearly extinct, :".„1
expired in half an hour. The men were taken rot
tody, but succeeded in getting away from the rol
Rudge and another were subsequently re-capture"'
are in custody. The inquest was postponed.
IMPORTANT TO PUBLICANS.—RESTRICTION `V.;(I4
SALE OF BEER, &c.—The Earl of Ilarrowby has '''.bef
the table of the House of Lords a bill, which has IP
read a second time, intitled "an act for regulatnil
sale of beer and other liquors on the Lord's DaY,. abed
bill is a very short one ; and after reciting that w
the prohibition against licensed victuallers and other;ir
sons in London, Liverpool, Manchester, and Newel
upon-Tyne opening their houses before the boor nog
o'clock in the afternoon on the Lord's Day head
found to be attended with great benefits," it prOCe".lol
enact " that no licensed victualler or other person'a
open his house for the sale of wine, spirits, beer, or 00',
fermented or distilled liquors, or sell the same, °,11,,0ttl
days, Christmas Day, or Good Friday, before the ~n_"l
one in the afternoon, except refreshment for travelfelp
for supplying the wants of any person or persons4l
shall usually victual there." It also enacts " that c,;l
person so offending against this act shall be liable?
penalty of not less than twenty shillings, nor more
.„/
fifty shillings, for every such offence ; and every ser
sale shall be deemed a separate offence."
JUVENILE WRETCHEDNESS AND CRIMINALI-"10
0 LONDON.—Lord Ashley state that the number f tlorm
30,000 at the least. From an analysis of a portion Tfp,
class, he deduced the character of the whole. In "
ragged schools—and it should be remembered that!,o
I
the best of their order are attracted to the school-'m
are 1,600 pupils, from five to seventeen years of What
regular attendance. Of these, 162 have confessed?
they had been in prison several times-116 had inn led
from home-170 slept in lodging-houses, nests of e_bi
abomination-253 admitted that they lived altogetho
begging-216 had no shoes or stockings-280 had no cBl
hats, or bonnets-101 had no linen-249 never ski' ea
bed. Some of the children could not remember of
having slept in a bed in their lives ! Those who hareedet
occupation other than begging and thieving, sell I Ad
matches in the streets, sweep crossings, hold horsePtot
so forth ; and when they cannot afford the price oidoor
miserable lodging, sleep, in inclement weather, in 5014
ways, under arches, sheds, porticos, in yards, stable°, to
out-houses—where no rich man would suffer hiscliroe'
lie at night. From this class, too long unknown a'',.rion'
glected, springs up inevitably the great body of our
nal offenders.
phrosiciff
ce
TRAVELLING SWINDLERS. —The Devon °-
states that two individuals, having the appearitk oP
gentlemen, arrived in Teignmouth last week, and tSre'
their abode at the Devon Arms. One of them, an 7, the
able person, took a seat in the tradesmen's room 013
same evening, and immediately joined in gossiP',lo9s
conversation was humourous, his appearance and abutoe
bespoke a man who had seen life, and he was °roe,
ledged to be excellent company. He dined at
„Derr
smoked his pipe, ate a pint of strawberries for s'irujlf
and with his friend, who was less interesting, but eq4ing
respectable, retired for the night. Evening after ere's° to
many tradesmen retired from the fatigue of businto the
spend an hour or two at the Devon Arms, listening.,ribed:
details of travels and adventures so pleasantly deel.
and
They were on equally agreeable terms with the 10%4 for
everything which they ordered was placed to aceVler- the
future settlement. At length, a pleasure party %-vitedi
bar in a yacht was proposed. The strangers were I. The
the host was to accompany them and be caterej
ready'
day came on Wednesday, when the party were,nuni,for;
with the exception of the strange gentlemen, wina,
tunately could not accompany them, one being 'o,ition•
the other obliged to watch the progress of his di!Panother
The party went. The strangers also went, bout eleven
way. The indisposed gentleman got better.az oil horse;
o'clock, and his watchful friend proposed a ria„d start
back. They ordered dinner at five o'clock, nhave tbeY
for their ride, but they never rode back, nor trunk' which
been seen in Teignmouth since. A leather
et
f behind,
they could not conveniently take away,
i Society, °„"
—At the meeting of the Medico-Botanicalhich had hee"
Thursday night, Mr. Guthrie read letters w
pty
received from Prince Woronzow, the commander-in ',7e,
and
SUCCESSFULtIte dayTtßhueAlTaAnidElNo rid
OsFh ocottkoittEbnuAtwfaoNsunlcdt
Ri teeAros
ef
of the Russian forces in Circassia, and from Dr. .tineo
osky, his physician, detailing a new and successfuliot
of treating this formidable disease. It would aePt. bY
the Prince's attention was first drawn to the II but
noticing that a certain regiment of Cossacks seereo s,
slightly from cholera as compared with the other trooll_f
On inquiry of the colonel, he learned that the recover*
the Cossacks was attributed to the use of an elixir calii,tit
the Elixir of Woronege—a preparation of a sorne',F,tit
quackish description, the principal
of which was naphtha. Dr. Andreosky, finding the
sclu`.l.o,
tity of elixir in possession of the colonel to be but_ Ort°
determined to try naphtha by itself. He first used
_lvbie%
mild cases of cholera and of choleraic diarrhoeea
successful with these, he administered it in the molt
severe cases with equal advantage, and finallY Q. The
effect a cure even during the most extreme collaPse-5 in a
dose which he gave was from 10 to 15 and 20 droyreeisin
important ingren!e,
glassful of wine, repeated if the first dose did not which
on the stomach, or if the symptoms required it' _
_ssieo
was not often the case. The naphtha used in the It'', tae
army is not the ordinary naphtha of the shops,ibtlre's of
mineral naphtha obtained from Beker, on the eil°and
the Caspian. It should be of a white or rose colourestu.
sent
td
twoitchioreautspsiraevtoiopursolyenurnedaerbgootitnleg
ofth thepirs nocess
lation. Mr. Guthrie stated, in conclusion, that sod
aphtba2ds of
when he had received it, he would place it in the hntsin
the secretary, that the members might be able to aece
precisely what are its properties. go-
A SUBTERRANEAN FIRE.—At Lower Haugh flerposive
therharn, on the estate of Earl Fitzwilliam, an 011'0 in
bed of coal beneath the village is on fire, and has heeforat
that condition, burning with greater or less intensitY'ts out
least twenty years. The coal in certain places basseendiC
—that is, it comes up to the surface of the ground; cou-
was at one of these bassets that the fire orifintlre for
menced, having been ignited by a " clamp ---crehe salr
burning stones intended for road materials). dire;
terranean fire hs continued to advarce in various
oyes
tions up to the present time, its progress being at tilde
by the appearance at intervals of smoke and f/an'e". bee;
surface of the ground ; the spread of which has titdr
generally stopped, however. by puddling the eruct Ott'
with clay, &c. A feeling of apprehension as to tu_econ'
mate fate of the village has always continued to P.true-
and it is stated that a good many years ago the clr Oa4
tion of the mausoleum of the Wentworth fann.r, the
threatened by the approach of the fire, but hap
calamity was averted by severing the bed of coal, f?re „c.or
purpose a shaft was especially sunk. Latterly, en;
of destruction appears to have been going on °I ated 0
wonted rapidity, and, naturally enough, has crf.ortei„
corresponding degree of alarm. Our informant •.-`l, is Pi
beautiful detached cottages, the foundation of vi'lllceio
much undermined and sunk that one or both of e 51357
cggeueatishteeedrs.to be occupied ; the walls of one of the cottag,,,ble°
epTarahetegdr,ouanndd, tinhesebveurialdlinlagr me utrsatetbsa,vies
otinlfortoo.d:
down bad not means been resorted to for keeping }logo
etig!
hotbed, and where the heat is not so intense as to -,lot
vegetation, the villagers turn it to very good acc°-soin"
raising early crops of vegetables. Peas were seen, dpo'
weeks ago flourishing luxuriantly in the open air ; se'
tatoes are so forward, that one crop has been alr,rte
cured, and a second crop got into the ground. ~.iv7inter•
posed earth is quite warm even in the
gdbtelhepetlatoorrikraue_ipr
hens
iTsheeoliTinnautaulrlyalahseeaent
deinnggenandedrsadaudlitsaergarteiean
doubtless to the detriment of animal healthit;
warottito
houses in the worst localities are often filletlliewm,h
as habi
strongly charged with sulphur, rendering
MOVlNGtions, little bAettHerotuhsaEn._a coalt-hpiint.
Americans have been outdone in this kind of
,!.v.
,rvocbt
Messrs. Ransome and May's, Orwell Foundry, 1,, ler
where a brick-built house, two stories high, 26 feet .ot Wet,
has been moved a distance of 70 feet, and raised ‘.l
or re-0.1
without sustaining the slightest crack in the wal.s_epiov_
ings, or even in the papering of the rooms. The,"_,,deoc_u,
was accomplished under the direction and superin,T`modl
thTehleacsetllaforsrtanrigehowt_.7oo;
of Mr. Worby, the manager of the works ; and re Io
operandi seems to have been this :—A series 0 .00fOr
inches square, was first made through the hr,1.11 roan
close to the ground, at intervals of three feet, TAeverii'
the house. Through these holes were inserted ean,r-ear
d vier
or pieces of timber about four feet long, an ads
inside and out, having been cleared away, the e
the rei
made to rest on blocks of wood ; so that duringoid rei:o
moval of the foundation, the superstructures _ve t
entirely on them. The next operation was to
otiolhosel;
foundation, and to lay in its place long nieces id on
11 inches square ; these had a coat of mortar la to t
bed for the t rickwork, and were then lifted le 010
walls, forming a kind of framework, on which, 5t00d,.0%
levers and blocks being removed, the hon,„s,e_e nikqe%
firmly as it did on its original foundation. Iticie begs
was then raised to the required height, one 71, titohv';
elevated at a time, and a number of longitudinn ad °to;
of great strength laid underneath, and contl u_ oreco,,,
the ground as far as the new foundation. s
Aboa'unel to
tionary measure the sides of the house were
__d fasten_
means of stout plinks run up at the angles, au_iiminall9
together with iron rods. The whole of this 1170;e0 on:
work occupied some time to complete, thew 3rt,„o 004
turning to it when they had nothing else to esqlf
The timbers, along which the house was to nfelroopy
been well greased, three bottle-jack screws vie'
d the Pr°lo
to bear upon one end of the framework, an lung ,
of locomotion commenced. The rate of tra"Aelay.us,,
about one foot in five minutes, but as a long, "„et iro
cursedan ed
d aplay,y.nToehtae house ocmht
ri
em te
hi
is
hftnen2wsscsrft
aee wentsd
could
voguereiadt a
srefixedeeeoc
no_
foes
none the worse for the experiment to which It
subjected.—Suffolk Chronicle.

Jane 20, 1
WEST ANI

.7sua o. rt a n tams of
reginetenh,srue(e)s 'idibu)l
7e'c'l,:itti for the purp
beli aring the lat(
I__ with the Ea
00.! far they have 1
taii`,Plated by th
ed
"(armee fthe
ocie , o
n_ ea, the Mayor,
ii,.! Platform, d t
;Ned elieeri agl r 12,,11is rightnanfdo
-'4,,,;,11g merchants
pe
cLE
oeg the requisii
ceaveliMAYoß the]
whi„, ~.eu the prese
R 1 eh have conve
etprelUg the inhabi
theit.sslag, in a 1
1711.
—1
i il.tftttl sirY
port'''
'I:1111e
di°4l\t-1-ePeee°c:,l3lllllr7e c t ai)Pre°trQd°a.l-I‘trl 'ehP°°Blll.'ea. ewreuaai°t abrt
I.
dliehtttli(il 1'
hsthBYdiCidshetentel inhoeSatehehsihAsyareieeteasoNr,lcs Mayt
IttnoPPDotra thereto,
ireel.l‘
had ;he act Passed
L.'a!rse it ought nc
Zdsbeen no pains '
11„ .:,b y whose w
took
it eco
1, Place in the c(
:reasonable, and
ileacnial propriet
rvations ' °I
Which the' c°nti"
. aboliot
4nounted to 3,646
ne consumption, 1
advantage to the I
Zrthile 1,000,000 cw
he said they ,
718 Let me obs,
p,„regulated labou
tZ
tte have been ,
qB,B for the nex
hot3l 3. They am
3,4411;1neh differen
11ip,,,L4a3 cwt. B
eotir! caprice of I
opt ehet of 1834
Wh,!,hY considerati
I,?,`°‘,as the conE
tto:oat in the thr
214 2'824372
la 7,218 "
00,,, cwt. ;
opil,'NO cwt. an
;
o forth man,y
kpi:as efforts on
ping labourers fc
-cos2o,v to count
)cillient result.
htl7,4llling whicl
8,,t4 ilk procuring
ha '„l°_,llinh had 1
/lii.eit'au went on
A2,,Ps a very
,t- !,),seswt. I
S hnacdaeo and ;
I),tothdeuevitiptnneoofn
'7ll:lti V riztirge:
''':'Llk'''',,,k;'7'.-'kkl''kit,tio'l)444; ‘t dos
4i
)Sitiltl ttlitettl,
t5111111111it111.4
o‘*°t(ll. - 'ty, , l' ti
Il3i' tst7tti( It
I.
„i'D:t.11,1111.1'1,1808,, i
,atitil:lbil,66l3.llB‘e ae:at
1 i,(
i' et
ladaell:laawat'llaw hasnee
egitPi'l part
,Itttli.' 1
1188,1
LgdtfaiYeeidi
1,
,falaY:laldrititct:olassa.tite(rviiielati:lsol l'hsistff.lisestlti Ithotdma°b:floeemhhidaletwlutoosniLigbeadelvilbeahenal nu:efPheelli
crfhBnaeleaveseoAnnedfnpooArie'4ll.l;luesoet°laetdns°eadloal
volua6n
coe:nhieful you
' : , ' * ,
;di' AnA.al Ho
No
,deing so
No NI out b 3
wB,l4ed by the
!;4(ll4,illdipg in th
,„, le, ,eonsiderf
I.op-t•gliebe fulfill,
117.1ZIgh should
q, li ue trai
,billail co-opo
4 l'ilkh!;)ik
t ittkk
1.
°\
',
4.
' : 4'
4 1 14
, it 't
' ''l°
'h,, ,
i'l ::t.
t i
iQpil fi'l
:),
1:c : r',l 'I:
i iks
4. e';
i:Ae
',
.:k-44 tie
illiell v.ostrr'Q'lstr()i'ls?t'i,in l'ePht°ll.(e)ohoa.dfiaatl ipnAe
tr
iftr°dl l'Bionsoll new,i
ndittdtaei ihtlhhi irg.eheailitc(' '
424%
pe Brit
~,N ,end her re
;114titLeV. TllOl
1,,,Na,,!0 the qm
tftNt - -i . 3 the ne.
11:et iltlia pi
to, stimulanati
c)tilillitilt'l.had be,
1,4!1imAr.0.,;fca°2,Z1,1,1
t the e'Vr
r.,z, vide.
Vied bulan shi
tktlact En
a 4,18,1, tthat sin
(I,l4:tee ext4eentigal
Ostr 4ei • (
~ ~, nallal
is.t,i, sted. j
fie' lt I _charged
4timad the sa
o'o4' Let
,14,114114.44 d we
enlacesN'gr) he
kt,i;' to gllardi
(I,,tll;plit'tat4sittihtg'oltethsiael,
heard down
tl 5... /441
warn!
i()1,11t 01l articlee
lttlttltlijlivn sine
Nt it .o,renlium
ittlowii,nnulate:
kt th. that mo:
Vent the 1
ZN )it''''a come
iki It% 4.0 t ?--,
iiiI,ZN inters;
tiit k . oil ° filet
tile nt
litresta „
kl At 14tot of
8 It, eeo
4 4410t0 11"11
tti st ism
e811,1,11e er,t,.' wiu
r 8 ~ 4 .-•eindi
ti,rellt'toWo, 1
N kr adze
IN
A 't:Ot. ttl
JoLkt Lletrt; I 1
,V, the make frc
Ltop..%-ottilh,elte.r „
,04-mcith_oas ..._
kg',l, Itgr blestilv
litlatiN t°
re
4 ,g➢B a 1:0
/4P4SO ko NI
NNA Ple
'11,)111,!ltilt 1 You 'ill
tPlitl,l4,Yotttritil
NI Nat k COLA
SO lt,°ll treEtto,
144 Itti, of
at °%e ecl witsllitivai
vsl.theNttrilles u:
411(1 e.4kplies thi
ha 'ae Ifi taent
tp tragy
/e 8 :1 80
13
s, _ (''Sty,u ha
1.1 4;14 :No, o 0
YZ tivt,k):tiallsi
fro' 4ee telk °rile
übriali,` l'er 1
Mt 01 aoOf
Jthill tolle
siltlll44l' Vlle
%I 1 '
111 . t lite h°sl
' eo 4411 kV
1 % ti„„k.) f 0 1.01
0, to i 4' s two
Antesll4h
4

London, t 9
rench cora
iing heard. •.",
Lists so 01,7
r, stating
but frorn
s, I ex perilii
IS. It 15
,e disrepo;
i eh comma'

he 20,1848.

:. ~~~~

WEST AND EAST INDIA COLONIES.

NChi Tuesday, pursuant to a requisition, numerously and
Veel oily signed by bankers, merchants, and traders of
erpool, the Mayor convened a public meeting of the
aktabitants of the borough at the Session's-house, Chapel-_
t, for the purpose, as stated in the requisition, " of
tedering the late measures of the government in con-
hoW with the East and West India Sugar Colonies, and
coste'r theY have been effective in carrrying out the views
etms.uPlated by the Slavery Abolition Acts; and also to
Consider the expediency of giving our approval and sup-
pet to the resolutions recently moved and carried, in
ekiren, ce thereto, by our member, Sir Thomas Birch, in
;egpltiat_corn!
' nlittea of the House of Commons." At twelve
necck the Mayor, T. B. Horsfall, Esq., appeared upon
and took the chair amid rapturous and pro-
% is. ',leering from every part of the spacious building.
le„,„sis right and left we noticed a great number of our
leg merchants and tradesmen.
ae Tewli-CLERIC commenced the proceedings by
Ting the requisition which had been sent to the Mayor.
to 41" MAYOII. then rose and said,—Gentlemen, I have
alared the present meeting on the same principle on
affor,;.l have convened several others ; for the purpose of
expre'isll).g the inhabitants of this town the opportunity of
016,0'1.4, in a legitimate and constitutional manner,
tryeireejulions on passing events, whether those events are
,ustarices connected with the commerce of this coun-
thro' ur whether they are connected with British philan-
A/Pr• (Cheers.)
tliatrtj• saaND, in moving the first resolution, contended
had failed
act passed for the abolition of slavery in 1833
the ailed in its anticipated effects. He complained that
faii,gt!at measure then propounded had so far signally
bent!' , and that not because it was not practicable—not
haVse it ought not to have succeeded—but because there
fade T
, pains taken, because there had been no efforts
• 0 it
Y those who had the power, to give it success.
took id
it was because, after the act was passed, a change
th_us Place in the councils of the nation, and inconsistent, coy_erisonable, and unjust demands were made from the
krruati,olnproprietors. Mr. Shand, after some other oh-
which ths' continued :—" I find that in 1833, the year in
e abolition act was passed, the growth of sugar
410 counted to 3,646,205 cwt. ; at which time Lord Stanley
, that so much had the quantity produced exceeded
;,consumption, that he really thought it would be an
LZitisatage to the West Indies if they made less. They
kie,1•000,000 cwts. annually beyond the consumption,
iesae said they would get higher prices if they made
of re Let me observe, that from 1834 till 1840, a
system
N ated labour under the name of apprenticeship,
kt. gulto havebeen established. I find that the average
for the next four years were very little less than.
111 o\s. They amounted, on the average—and there is
3,34-RQrs,}l,s_ch difference, the last being rather the most, to
di:l,l'4W cwt. But in 1838, by, I must say, an extraor-
etb-Y eaPrice of legislation—a shameful violation of
.the
eii*Pact of 1834—the apprenticeship was abruptl7, with-
Ra1,,,14 consideration to the planters at all, put an end to.
IN "was the consequence of this act ? The consequence
hor:hat in the three following years the return fell off
,1472„•,824,372 cwt., to 2,214,764 cwt., and in 1841 to
40'4,18 cwt. ; aking a difference of more than
;alitorforthewt. annually. Results like these certainly
many complaints. They led also to the most
kevslis efforts on the part of the colonists, who sought
ilakit„tY, Part of the world, and made many struggles, to
pip labourers labourers for their deserted fields. Without stop-
toe's 'les'? to count the cost of so doing, I will refer to the
pearclaent result. In 1842, which was the last of three
tSiesequring which they had exercised the greatest
ahrui procuring additional labourers, the production of
' which had fallen to 2,148,000 cwt., rose to 2,531,725
Nel:wid went on increasing, with the exception of 1846,
t.242,7w, a very dry year, till in 1847 it again reached
cwt. I may add at this point, too, that the
:,heyl,4l,uics and Mauritius had not been standing still.
'qt come on with giant strides. So that in 1847
I§ll:rbduction of British sugar alone equalled, within a
'l4a; the Whole consumption of Great Britain. I might
taqslat some length many of the modes in which the
ttl'tq7„_ of the colonists themselves were thwarted by
"erurnent. But I have limited myself to this one
tlt'':Ud it is the fact on which I ground my
_ complaint,.
bpd titystem of free labour has never had fair play,
hc it has given such evidence of success that it
,kubt to be abandoned at the present moment. And
Ith,doned it must be—l say, abandoned it must be,
if i;ouritish colonies be left to the operation of the Act
ei",; (II r, h and cheers.) I said before that
°C"s t ea'de he cost, yet I cannot but bring it to
['Re outskevouarsiof my argument. I must now add, that
',I4;Y of procuring labourers, and paying such very.
"?8, and in attempting the improvement, cultiva-
-Iksica and manufacture of sugar has been so enormous
ea
has as you considered the compensation to have
hiti7uu high as you recollect the price of sugar was,
Ne,-,sLias all been expended through these channels, and
s'}, ir,gst. fall if we are to be brought into competition with
14t PIO slave d ler—the man who grows sugar under
ith,',et of 1846 eaWe did pledge ourselves under the
"ation Act to an honest effort to make free labour
:14 Snli• And I say we have not done so ; that we
atiollot allowed it fair play ; and I do not think this
Ite,Lh'has done justice to the undertaking which they
Nebtered upon.
Lills4ltLES LAWRENCE, Esq. briefly seconded the reso-
which, together with all the others carried on this
s4e
as well as the memorial of the House of Com-
-4 and the amendments proposed, seconded and re-
Itaill be found in our advertising columns.
Glll4l. 'V • RATHBONE, seconded by MT. C. HOLLAND,
it
'4
an amendment to the first resolution, which was s:ld lost.
kbaat HODGSON proposed the second resolution,
,doing so said, we ask that the expectation which
`',lllo,e',,d out by the minister of the day, and which was
bia by
the West Indians to be guaranteed by all that
,tcl""lng in those arguments of morality—all that was
,'Lti4,'sg in those pleas o guf
humanity—all that was sacred
Pellt,considerations of religion—that that expectation
thgah,lo fulfilled. Now, what was that expectation ?
hi,4`saf; should be in a measure sustained while passing
a`t iti stage of a difficult experiment ;
0111, els should be supported till the new social system
consolidated, and that he should have th e honest
011 t 4,41 co-operation of the British people while carry-
dopa e new, and, as the West Indian alleged, the ha-
ipfor;:!Periment of the untried mode of cultivation you
upon This was what was asked, and as
Vt',;','• man I ask of you to afford this. I ask it as an
Val-4'st I ask it as an Englishman anxious for fair
ft4d that our engagements to the West Indian should
le,`Zl. I am persuaded that the more the question
it; lf;‘°od, the more you will find the country true to
rjr,led:i.;llle to the memory of the great men I have men-
y qe to their eloquent efforts of twenty, thirty, or
ph•aq L4ra. for the abolition of the slave trade and slavery
Ocihiwill find that the country, true to herself, to her
Ij4til,`,,es, to British feelings, will never acquiesce—never
i•„11,-.' Permanently acquiesce in a course of legislation at
,N with her expectations, her consistency, her cha-
and her religion—(much applause.)
044". THOMAS NOLAN, in seconding the resolution
tiN4.,° the question as being one of common humanity_
aLlt Ls the negro, and one of common justice to the
01 stimulatingo lter. The measure of 1846 has had the
the slave trade. The importation of
W6ledass
had been proved by Mr. Hodgson, had been
yple Dro compared with 1844 and 1845. In addition
t+t,l4 tl,of afforded by the previous speaker, Mr. Nolan
IL" evidence of Dr. Cliffe to the effect, that the
a ed b,„ ship that ever captured a slaver was coin-
-44,1 ',tan Englishman, and he was dismissed the ser-
,,taat since the West Indian islands have been
"'a sugar plantations of Brazil have risen up to
ht?e oilteht• On such evidence, and there was abun-
‘'Otai 4 similar kind, were they inconsistent as aboli-
ylii.,ll seeking for a modification or a repeal of that
Itai 1 1444
to had aggravated all the iniquity against which
tikeet. England as a nation was guilty of it : let
t Llarged on the West Indians. It was England's
NO the sanction of England : it was supported by
• kadLet the nation be just. That is the great
haLlid We take the next, the anomalous position
r aces herself in. She is wasting the flower of
kt.,%,,.4 guarding the poisonous estuaries of the African
,tliE"ta,;',‘, at the very time that by her legislative enact-
040131 e she is holding out a premium that renders
g down of slavery impossible. I recollect, Sir,
:ifetard---and in this company I shall be easily cor-
1, ad—and
wrong—that so long as the premium or duty
11:It 4,r article exceeded such a per centage on its value,
1/4,,,tlitown smuggling in that article was impossible.
S'',lit•Pl'emium on slave sugar by the act of 1846. is so
~;}'N,:ticoulates so much that it will be impossible. to
,Vtif; that most abhorrent of all systems of smuggling
,t.t,a; in the lives of responsible beings like ourselves,
biils,,ia,4°,ll of the same
.God. This is the great ground
IdNovAwe come ; and if we speak feelingly—and why
- tket ;
etite:l;:r • —of one portion of our community, the
alcia !uterest, and it is a mighty one, let us not be
ejr ett m include the West India proprietors alone.
,Stter,,lhe negro as his dependant ; and I regard
"t. laths as inseparable. One cannot prosper by
"qt eat of the other ; and that plilosophy, or
s',l:iLtueaTtne,b2Y, or whatever you may please to
'4,,ta, Issue in ruin, that attempts to elevate
11,,t1 `se Whether white or black, at the expense
aittinPreiudiee of the man who employs him.
I,o,„"t•Pinsitsw„4,,, I will make one observation that will,
c(;„' 1 through the heart of every man pre-
I
tiOet`lat4Lre,as via as free-born Englishmen who love
Jo ht tA(lettsm.l help the insignificance of the speaker
wsd the taaks'e 'rem the importance of the remark he is
I speak to Englishmen who have en-
ap',AP„(l6;'''',aud protection of that blessing and mercy
414,i glven to your country. I ask you to recal
Y 4a14 t -e:Singsextended to your own highly favoured
°„',,elbember that God has honoured her in
kip,'''Yth';'Pe,:;,;`4 has extended to her the blessings of a
th'"g y'r,`e, a preached Gospel, and a righteous law.
,tl,-11,k kigt-,.„4, have, and everything you are, depends
V'a°lslisPea?-"ng blessing of God. Your ships, you!.
ati a th,cctrimerce,—those great pillars upon wawa
:144 bf ne,ss stands, and stands the envy and
`4o:'4's glehe,—these are some of her blessings. •
at t),`Cob_Withe yelled in the annals of the civilized world,
ak,,;(s, eo'attie;4ll, s to make use of the means to uphold
itt4l.DlieLL'At he in mercy hath given to us. Look
uote'sol4lll4,-81'ot Paid to your country. during the recent
(,‘ seu .„ call it, of foreign kingdoms. See the
f?)followed here ! England is freedom's
ue;ed 'au
• No • Panu
. ve emen cri
5;04 -h tion.,Sed I said, sir, and I repeat it that she
'ter,,aeek'll4 ever and that nothing but a suicidal act of
aseiat, ple4.o,ear the arms of England down ! Do
ng tfit:roae°: ' „Ls there a foreign monarch banished
fi" bere does he seek for a home but
4siti/ Whrt- 'ag and mighty arms of magnificent
rho • t 'eel) -se was the arm that stretched across the
lba
kulkiklittad iod that snapped the African's chains ?
kot-4,0 to, ves freedom at home and abroad ; and
to Ls ard ti •
ma,, 'greatest byr in the representative of one of
e en—I mean the English merchant,
414ftsures stultified, but to require that

the spirit and letter of the act of 1883 may be fully carried.
out. lam speaking of English. merchants; and I fear-
lessly maintain that they are a pride and credit to the
country to which they belong. Is not the name of a
British merchant a synonym for taintless honour ? Does
it not awaken the thought of intelligent enterprise, in-
domitable industry, incorruptible integrity ; and are not
these terms the most mighty and exalted amongst men.
(" Question.") I am speaking to the question. I am
speaking of those merchants who are the upholders of
ships, colonies, and commerce ; and allow me to beseech
you and all around me, by the name of your common
country, to adhere to the principles which have made
England great amongst the nations ! Yes ! the greatness
of England depends upon the manner in which she holds
by the faith and integrity of her representatives in foreign
lands, the honour, spirit, truth, and valour of all those
names which are unmeaning until you localise them in
association with the name of England ! Remember
that God that made England great ! Seek your own
real interests by studying His will ! Remember Him and
say—" 0, that we had walked in the way of His com-
mandments. Then our righteousness had been as a
river, and our peace as the waves of the sea. Happy are
the people that are in such a state ; yea, blessed are the
people that have the Lord for their God !" The rev.
gentleman resumed his seat amid vehement applause,
which was repeated at almost every sentence of his
admirable address, of which the above gives but a few
detached portions.
THOMAS THORNELY, Esq., M.P., said :—Sir, the rev.
gentleman who has last spoken has addressed the meeting
with great feeling and ability, but I do say that that gen-
tleman has gone very far wide of the mark by supposing
that Lord George Bentinck's committee, in the measures
founded on their report., are to exclude slave-grown sugar.
I am as old an abolitionist as any man of my age, and
from my infancy I detested slavery ; but I declare that it
is totally impossible to destroy the slave trade by prohi-
biting the importation of foreign produce. We, of the
town of Liverpool, who are the greatest importers of the
cotton of the United States,—why, we import three-
fourths of the whole produce of the slave labour of Ame-
rica. And we import a very great quantity of tobacco,
the produce entirely of America ; and the rice grown in
the southern states of America is also the produce of slave
labour. Sir, I have as strong a sympathy as any one for
the distresses of the West Indians, but let me remind this
meeting that these distresses are by no means of recent
date. And let me say a word about the management of
the West Indian estates. Why, the West Indian estates
were always under mortgage. I never heard of one that
was not mortgaged ; and some houses in Bristol to whom
they were mortgaged sent their own ships out, charged
high freights (higher than they can charge when the navi-
gation laws are repealed), and these charges were so
great that it seemed to me extraordinary how the sugar
could be grown for the price it was and the proprietor
not be in embarrassed circumstances. And indeed there
is something about the cultivation of the West Indies
that deserves a passing notice. Now I have many friends
among the West Indian proprietors, and they have com-
plained to me about the embarrassed condition of their
estates. "Did you ever see your estate ?" said Ito them.
"Oh dear, no !" they replied. " Well," said I, " you
are a planter there—that is, a farmer; you have never
been within five thousand miles of your estate, and yet
you expect that estate to bring you in a great revenue."
Why, the thing is almost impossible. What would you
think if a farmer in the neighbourhood of Liverpool was
to live in Jamaica ? I admit the difficulties of the West
pronrietors, but there are parties at home also
suffering great difficulties. The cotton manufacturer is
in great difficulties. I believe his present embarrassment
is owing to the unsettled condition of Europe. But in
their embarrassments they do not tax the West Indians,
and why should you tax all the people of England for the
sake of any particular interest ? Now, in 1842, the du-
ties on British sugars being 225. per cwt., our prices
besides were 245. above the price at which sugars of equal
quality were selling in this market. The revenue paid
that year was £4,000,000, and an additional payment of
£4,000,000 for the West India planters. Now, in that
year I received a letter from Wolverhampton, the borough
which I have the honour to represent, from a grocer; and
the grocer said—" I beg to inform you that, owing to the
enormous price of sugar, there is no demand for it for
preserving fruit, and the people living about here are
unable to get any remuneration for the fruit they have
grown, inasmuch as they cannot afford to buy sugar to
preserve their fruit." We got over that evil, and got
over it as well as we could ; but the time has gone by for
taxing one section of the country for the support of ano-
ther. I grieve over the distresses of the West Indies ; I
grieve over the distresses of any part of the country, at
home or abroad ; but I do protest, on behalf of the peo-
ple of the country at large, and on behalf of my own
constituents, against paying a tax for the sake of putting
a certain amount of money into the pockets of the growers
of sugar. I wish just to make one remark upon the re-
port of the Parliamentary Committee, which has been
already quoted from by Mr. Hodgson. I beg the meeting
not to understand that that report is the unanimous re-
port of the committee. I believe the main report was
carried by but a small majority.—Mr.Thornely concluded
by moving the amendment.
Mr. C. ROBERTSON, in seconding it, said the simple
question before the meeting was this—are the consumers
of this country, men, women, and children, to pay on
every pound of sugar a tax of one penny for the support
of parties connected with West India property ? and is it
a measure demanded by a sense of justice at home, by
the labouring population of the colonies, and by the
colonies at large ?
The resolution was carried.

The Rev. Dr. M`NEILE next addressed the meeting at
great length, and amidst repeated bursts of applause. In
moving the resolution, he said, " I beg to say in the first
place that it is not as an opponent of the principles of free
trade that I address the meeting. (Cheers.) On the
contrary, I am free to say, that if this world of ours was
in such a condition that the principles of free trade could
be carried out fully, fairly, and universally, I would not
only most gladly agree with it, but most cordially rejoice
in it. If it could be carried out fully, without reserve ;
fairly without partiality.; and universally, without excep-
tion. (Hear, hear, and applause.) The most captivating
theory has been presented to this nation, with a very vi-
cious, because partial, application of it. (Applause.) The
effect has been electrical. I don't wonder at the success
that has attended the hon member for the West Riding.
(Hear and applause.) He propounded the theory I allude
to, to the nation, with a very partial application made at
the time—the exponent of that partial application confin-
ing it at the time to one particular subject, corn. (No,
no ; yes, yes. A voice—read his speeches ; another voice
—be has read them long ago, to your sorrow.) The
sophism, the sophism I say was not perceived. That it is
a sophism I think it will presently appear, because to this
hour the hon. gentleman is not prepared to go the whole
way. (" Yes he is.") Very well; I must continue my
story though. The nation did not perceive the sophism ;
The practical difficulties in the way of carrying out the theory
were not felt to be such as should abate the stimulus given
by the theory itself. (Hear.) The golden prize appeared
within reach ; the right hon. Baronet the member for
Tamworth was converted—(oh, oh, and cheers)—and the
majority of the House of Commons was surrendered at
discretion ; perhaps 1 might say without discretion.
(Laughter and loud applause.) I wish to speak in excel-
lent good humour, as well as good taste ; therefore I shall
say, they surrendered to the peace-promising, illustrious
Richard. (Loud laughter.) Well, sir, what I complain
of is this, that the hon. gentleman did not propose to go
the whole way with his theory. (A voice, " Yes he did.")
He applied it to corn, as he thinks, with success; he is ap-
plying it. and is sanguine of success, to shipping ; but why
stop with corn and shipping—why not apply it to sugar ?
(A voice, He does.") He is willing to apply it to sugar ;
be it so. He says, " Have free trade in sugar, and you
will have cheap sugar as you have cheap corn." N'dw,
the gentleman who seconded the last amendment made an
enumeration of this kind. I was surprised at his stopping
with sugar also. Why stop with sugar—why not apply it
to the machinery with which cheap sugar is produced ?
(Hear.) Is he prepared to go the whole way now,—free
trade in slaves? (A voice—" No, no,"—" Yes, yes."
Reiterated cheering.) (A voice—" Slavery is not free
trade.") Is the hon. gentleman, or any of his friends
who move and second the amendments at a great public
demonstration of this kind, prepared to come before the
public and avow what one has now said, go all the way
with free trade, even to the machinery which makes sugar ?
(A voice—" Certainly.") Then let England know that—
let the people of England understand that. (Applause.)
Has the hon. gentleman such entire confidence in his
system, in his principle, that he is willing, I ask again, to
apply it not only to the produce, but to the mode of pro-
ducing ? Why then, if so, and if his friends be true to
those principles, let him rise in his place in parliament,
sure of the support of the country, and let him call upon
the government to remove our blockading squadron from
the coast of Africa altogether. If he be sincere in saying
that restriction in anything must be protection to some-
thing, why then let him remove the restriction from the
West Indies. They do not and they cannot smuggle men
from the coast of Africa, and that restriction is a protec-
tion to the Portuguese, who do smuggle men. (Loud ap-
plause.) Let those gentlemen, then, call upon the govern-
ment to repeal the Negro Emancipation . Act of 1833,
which they are bound to denounce as an iniquitous inva-
sion of the liberty of the West Indies, to get the cheapest
labour they can find. (Cheers.) Now, I will suppose at
the early period of the hon. gentleman's career to whom I
have already alluded—when he was making an honourable
independence at Stockport—l will suppose he had dis-
covered a species of machinery unrivalled for the produc-
tion of printed calicoes, much desired both in the home
and foreign market ; I will suppose for some reason or
other an act of parliament was passed suppressing that
machinery, and that a posse of constables was sent to the
mill at Stockport to prevent its introduction into the mill.
Sir, with what indignant eloquence would not the hon,
gentleman have denounced such a restriction as an abomi-
nation—a treason against free trade in machinery, as well
as in printed calicoes. (Hear, hear.) What, then, it will
be asked, do I advocate the extension of free trade so far
as to advocate the revival of the slave trade ? (Hear,
hear.) No ; but I tell you what I do. I show, I think,
very fairly, by thus driving the argument to the extreme,
its absurdity, if fully carried out—l show that the princi-
ple of free trade, fully, fairly, and universally carried out,
is inapplicable to a world like ours—a chequered world,
where adjustments are to be made—where compensations,
balances—considerations delicately to be investigated, and
carefully to be harmonised, are to be taken into account,
the utmost we can do is to approximate the desired per-
fection. (Loud applause.) And if you can only approx-
imate in the removal of restriction, you should only ap-
proximate, and should attempt no more in the removal of
protection. (Hear, and loud applause.) Suppose it has
been found, as a vice of the machinery I alluded to just
now, that it cut the fingers of every man, woman, and
child employed at the mill ; and suppose that the people
or the parliament of England rose in their majesty and
said, " We won't have printed. calicoes, however cheap, if
stained with human blood, pat them away ;" they would
make the cases parallel* diad would that be a case for