The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-10-17 00:00:00

TIII LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

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IT has been the practice of "the leading Journal naturally attends such an effort, if unsuccessful, of
of Euiope," as it delights to be called, every two inflicting the punishment of the law upon the of-
or three years to give the note of preparation for fenders. In the meanwhile, what is the position of
ome astounding change in its own views and in this people—so recently claiming to be an inde-
-- And we have frequently had pendent nation—openly treating our connexion
',Lie consummate craft with which the with them as an insult and an injustice, and repu-
opera here has been effected. The transition is not diating the idea of any benefit to themselves being
made per salturn, but by stages. Take for exam- derivable from such connexion ? It is the ordinary
ple the question of Corn-law Repeal. First, the position in which Ireland has been placed at least
Times merely indicated a willingness to hold the one winter out of every three during the past fifty
clothes of the combatants, coming in to the rescue, years. She approaches us once more, unblushing
occasionally, when Mr. Cobden, or any other of and unabashed by any sense of past ingratitude
his fellow-agitators, was in difficulties; pelting the and irreclaimable habits of improvidence, as a men-
ultra pro* - ridicule dicant, soliciting to he clothed and fed out of the

of gat(

ctionists with vollies of sums+
hilitv of s

proceeds of British industry. It is humiliating to
read the terms in which the demand is made, by no
less influential a body than a meeting of the Roman
Catholic bishops and archbishops, held in Dublin
''— 11th instant. The meeting state in their
• that, "They contemplate with grief,
anxiety, and alarm, the impending famine, and the
miseries which another year of destitution must
nglv suspect that we are about to wit- necessarily entail on an already impoverished people,
'hose conversions, of which o.rr many of whom will inevitably perish of want during
"--nuently been permitted to the approaching season, if some general and corn-
-qcy of the country— prehensive measures for their relief be not adopted
!--I%hourhood, without delay." It of course never struck these
resolutionists to interfere to stop the wanton waste
• • - -I—mictrations of rebellion, and of

in the con-

nission that the Lt

the clima

K was reached when the

ature of I

ad min

if those conversio,
3as so frequently b

contemn
be the

the men of I

wes has been ever especi-

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THE DEPRESSION OF THE COTTON TRADE

IN all its branches the trade in cotton is undergoing a
very severe and trying ordeal ; for, low and depressed as
the raw material just now is, the margin between it and
the manufactured article was never before reduced to so
small a scale. Fortunately for the operative classes,
prices of the raw material are so low that the
manufacturer cannot run much, if any, risk in keep-
ing his machinery in motion, and thus giving employ-
ment and subsistence to his numerous dependents. The
position of the importer is still less enviable; many
of the most prudent merchants have gone largely into the
article which (at the rates current in America for some
months past) was considered "as safe as gold," and they
now find it arriving at an overstocked market, em-
barrassed by a disturbed and unsettled state of the Con-
tinent, and also at a time when an opinion pre-
vails that the coming crop of cotton in America will
be an overwhelming one.

Without committing ourselves to any decided opinion,
we would throw out, for consideration, one or two sug-

gestions.
1. The extent of crop has yet to be settled by early
frost, or no frost at all, and this cannot be known here
till late in November; or early in December. If we should
fortunately (for abundance of cotton is the next best
thing to abundance of food) have an overwhelming crop,
freights which are now ruling at a farthing to three-eighths
per lb., may, and probably will, as in 1844, run up to
three farthings and a penny per lb. ; and we should pro-
bably have to contend against an adverse exchange, so
that cotton in America must be almost given away to
leave any profit for disposal in our declining market.
2. The supply from India must be almost cut off, they
cannot, it is well known, compete with America at the
same price, lb. for lb. •
3. The cheapness of American Cotton is fast driving
our long stapled Egyptian and Bengal Cotton out of use
in this country; the fineness and silkiness of the Sea
Island, if at all on a par in price, being infinitely preferred.
4. A large import of American will be required to keep
up the plentiful supply, and it is entirely owing to this,
and to the pressure to sell freely, that prices are so uneven
and unsteady.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(BY EXPRESS.)

LATEST FROM PARIS

PARIS, SUNDAY, 6.30 P.M

The state of Paris to-day, and especially the faubourgs,
is such as you may have anticipated from the contents of
my despatches last night. The rumour everywhere cir-
culated is, that we are on the eve of a crisis. Tuesday is
named by many to-day as the epoch at which it will break
forth. Some, however, deny that matters are yet ripe.
The immediate exciting causes are the news from Vienna
and the change in the government here. The clubs are
everywhere assembling, and the state of siege does not
prevent innumerable private meetings.
It is reported to-day that several of the clubs propose
to declare themselves en permanence. Many of them
have voted addresses of felicitation to the inhabitants of
Vienna, in which they declare that it is impossible for
France to remain behind Austria.

LONDON MONEY MARKET

YESTERDAY

The funds have been heavy this morning, with free sellers.
We have now, however, a slight improvement in Consols. which
are quoted at 841 to 5, both for money and time, but with less
business doing. Reduced Threes are 833 to 1. Three-and-a-
Quarter per Cents., 844 to 1. Bank Stock, 183 to 6. Exchequer
Bills, 345. to 375. premium. Foreign stocks are quoted rather
lower, with a market very depressed. We have Spanish Fives
at 101 to 114 ; the Threes, 211 to 24. Passive, 23 to 3i. Portu-
guese, 223 to 233. Russian are down to 97 to 9. Danish. 65 to
8. Dutch Two-and-a-half per Cents., 433 to 43 ; the Fours, 673
to 83. Mexican, 19 to 3. Peruvian, 31 to 3. Chilian, 82 to 4.
Brazilian are lower, at 71 to 3.

LONDON SHARE MARKET.-YESTERDAY

The market for London and North Western shares this
morning is 102; North Staffordshires have again been done at
8 dis.; Caledonian Preference, at 55.; Shropshire Unions, at
7s. 6d.; Shrewsbury and Birmingham (Class A), at ; Great
Northern (A), at 2/1. The account is passing quietly over, but
heavy differences are being paid. West Riding 'Unions,
paid 7 dis.

LONDON CORN MARKET

YESTERDAY

Our market was shortly supplied with English Wheat this
morning, by land carriage samples from the near counties.
The few parcels of tine Wheat realised about last Monday's
prices ; but the general runs must be quoted 2s. lower. Foreign
arrivals are again large, exceeding 45,000 qrs. up to Saturday
night, since which about 15,000 quarters have come to hand.
Fine qualities of Dantzic and Rostock Wheat could not be
bought much cheaper, but to make any progress with other
descriptions, a decline of 2s. per qr. upon last Monday's quo-
tations had to be submitted to. Flour a slow sales without
alteration in. town-made; but ship samples and• French sack
were ls. to 2s. lower. Choice malting Barley maintains its
value, being very scarce; other qualities were almost unsalea-
ble. Oats were a heavy trade, at a decline of 6d. to ls. Beans
and grey and maple Peas, without alteration ; white Peas 2s.

cheaiier

SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET.

.-YESTERDAY

We have an extraordinary increase in the supply of Beasts ;
the weather has also changed unfavourably ; lower prices are
consequently submitted to, although the demand is consider-
able. It is likely almost everything will be cleared off. There
are a few more Sheep, and the demand is limited ; trade is very
slow, at rather less money than on Friday, but about the same
as on Monday last. Although the number of Calves is not
large, it exceeds the demand, and there is a reduction of fully
2d. per 81bs. on all kinds. Pigli'are not selling quite so well.

THE LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAIL-

WAY AND THE PUBLIC

We gave some particulars of the position bf this gigantic
concern last week, as stated, .in an appendix to his pamph-
let, " the Bubble of the Age," by Mr. Arthur Smith,
one of the most painstaking amongst the exponents of the
railway system. By-the-bye, our compositors gave him
the name of Albert Smith, of facetious, instead of statis-
tical, repute—a totally different sort of personage. The
statements of Mr. Smith appeared to us of so startling a
nature, and so calculated to unsettle the public mind, in
the absence of intelligible data, upon which people could
be enabled to form- a judgment for themselves, that we
urged upon the company the extreme desirableness of
their furnishing, forthwith, a full and intelligible explana-
tion of their position, their liabilities, and future pros-
pects, convinced, from our knowledge of the high character
of the board of directors, that they could have nothing of
an improper nature to conceal, and much to gain by frank-
ness. We are happy to find that the course we suggested
has been determined upon ; and that such an explanatory
statement is being prepared, and in a few days will be
made public.
Until the appearance of such document we had con-
cluded to advert no further to the question, and we are
only induced to recur to it now to notice the extreme
wildness of the estimates, which are being published.
One of these—not of so extreme a character as the rest—
appeared in one of the city articles of the Times last
week, which contains, we are assured, many gross inaccu-
racies. The writer enters into a statement, purporting to
shew that, in order to pay preferential charges—guaran-
teed interest on property of the company in certain lines,
rent of the North-Union, and interest on loans to the
amount borrowed of £12,000,000 at 42 per cent—X642,764
will be required. He sets down next, the capital of the
London and North-Western stocks and shares, if all called
up, at £21',047,675, an amount which we conceive must
include the loans, or a large portion of them ; for we
gave, in our last, the total capital of the North-estern.
as openect for 349 k miles, at only £14,440,000, as per their
half-yearly return for December, 1848. Their nett revenue
for the same half year was £647,855, from which, unless
the preferential interest is capitalised in the £21,047,675,
the half of £642,764, or £321,382 would have to be
deducted, leaving only £321,473 applicable for the six
months dividend on £21,047,672, or X 12,360 per week.

HOW TO RESTORE PUBLIC CONFIDENCE

IN RAILWAYS.*

A pamphlet, in which the above question is canvassed,
has just been placed before us, from the pen of Mr.
Wills, sharebroker, of this town ; a gentleman who has
devoted a large amount of attention to the intrinsic
merits of our various railway schemes, and whose pub-
lished and private opinions upon the subject, generally,
have always been very highly valued. On this account,
and because it is most important at the present disastrous
crisis in railway property that right views should be arrived
at, we propose to bring the contents of this pamphlet in

our readers

Mr. Wills sets out with a strong condemnation of the
recklessness with which money was expended ,two years
ago by the leading companies, in wanton aggressions
against each other, by the projection of new lines and
branch lines of their own, or by giving their support to
new companies, through whom they imagined they might
inflict injury upon their rivals, and add to their own influ-
ence. To the vast incumbrances which they brought thus
upon themselves he attributes a portion of the alarm now
operating upon the public mind. Another very material
cause is the rapid rate at which calls have been all along
made and pressed upon solvent shareholders, whilst
others, in some instances a majority, were allowed to fall
largely in arrear. The result is that the really good men
are compelled to sell at whatever price they can get, or in
many cases to transfer their shares to men of straw to pre-
vent being swamped along with the insolvent holders.
As a remedy for this evil Mr. Wills says :
"If a party is unable to pay a first call, it is clear that he can-
not pay a second, and a third, and a fourth ; therefore, it is the
duty of directors to test the ability of all their shareholders,
and to compel the payment of one call, by every individual who
is able to pay, before a second is announced. And if, after the
most strenuous efforts to collect the entire amount of one call,
a large proportion still remains outstanding, the worthless cha-
racter of the resister—thereby made manifest—should at once
convince the directors of the impolicy and impropriety of pro-
ceeding any further with the works, until they have laid the
real facts of the case before a general meeting of the responsible
shareholders."

The practice, however, has been with cori.panies, when
in this condition, to go into the market for money at a
high rate of interest, by the creation of preferential shares
at guaranteed dividends. This process operates not only
to injure the character generally of the line which adopts
it, but by the depression in prices which it at once creates,
operates most unjustly upon the original shareholders who
have performed their obligations, and are consequently
guiltless in the case.
The various devices which companies have hitherto had
recourse to, as remedial of their depressed position, and
to escape from their difficulties, have proved themselves,
Mr. Mills contends, complete failures ; and he proceeds
to lay down the policy which he would propose, and which
is described as " economical, non-aggressive, and empha-
tically utilitarian."

adoption by any particular company, would involve the
reduction of all expenses to the lowest point, of which the sub-
stantial construction of the lines in progress,. and the efficient
working of the lines in operation, will admit : the abandon-
ment, as far as practicable, of all territorial extension schemes
beyond the limit of its own peculiar district, and indeed of all
works of questionable utility, and whose satisfactory progress
and completion, is rendered impossible by the financial position
of the company."
As an instance, he describes what be would do in the
case of a line in car own neighbourhood—the Birkenhead,
Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction Railway. We need
not here go into the history of this line, its growth in
extent and capital, its amalgamations and guarantees.
All these movements of the company he considers origi-
nated in the spirit of aggression manifested in its projection
as a competing project to the Liverpool and Manchester.
Fortunately for the shareholders, he says, a large por-
tion of whom are heavily in arrear, no progress has been
made on any portion of the liner except on the fourteen
miles between Chesterand the London and North-Western
Company's line at Keakwick. He would at once begin to
reduce the extent of the concernr and thus relieve the
unfortunate shareholders from a portion of their liabili-
ties, by abandoning the branch of nine miles from Hooton,
on the Chester and Birkenhead line, to Helsby Marsh ;
also that portion of the line which runs parallel with the
London and North-Western line from Keakwick to War-
rington. The line from Warrington to Stockport (18 miles)
he considers ought to be abandoned, and ought never to
have been taken up by this company. According to the
estimate of the entire line, a saving would be thus effected
of £930,000, which would leave only £l. per share to be
called up to finish the whole of the really necessary part
of the undertaking—provided the arrears of calls and the
sums due to the Birkenhead Dock Trustees and Commis-
sioners were recovered. As this is doubtful, he would
fix the amount of each share at £l3 10s., leaving £3 10s.
to be called upon the £lO already paid. The calls should
be spread over some period, and in light sums. He
would also insist in this as in all other cases, that the
capital account should be promptly closed. Mr. Wills
continues :

" The immediate effect of such an arrangement would be to
enhance the value of the shares, and to enable all who were
unable to pay, to dispose of their shares at a price that would
realise at least the amount of calls in arrears. When officially
announced, and agreed to at a general meeting of proprietors,
it would do more towards raising the funds required for the
completion of the works, than a call of .e 5 per share in the
present position of the company.—A glance at the map will
show that the really useful portion of the line is that between
Chester and Keakwick, and that this, as an extension of the old
Cheater and Birkenhead line, in connexion with the London
and North Western, would form a sufficiently direct communi-
cation between Birkenhead, Chester, and the manufacturing
districts.—Thus curtailed and reduced within its proper limits,
the Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction, when
completed, would prove one of the most remunerative lines- in
the kingdom. All the Irish traffic, viii Holyhead, to Liverpool,
Manchester, and the North of England, and all the Welsh
traffic, viu Shrewsbury and Oswestry, must of necessity pass
over it. Already the partial opening of the Chester and holy-
head, and the North Wales Mineral lines, is daily increasing
the traffic between Chester and Birkenhead. What the traffic
would be, were all these in full operation, and the Cheshire
Junction completed as we have suggested, we leave others to
calculate."
Shareholders, generally, he contends, in forcible lan-
guage, for which we refer our readers to the pamphlet,
ought to adopt the pressure from without to procure
such measures being at once resorted to.

* Railway Reform, or How to Restore Public Confidence in
Railway Property. By John Wills. Liverpool: G. Arnold
and Co., 1848.

GENERAL TRADE REPORT.

Monday Night

We cannot congratulate our readers upon any improve-
ment in commercial- matters since our last. Any ten-
dency to an increase in our export trade which may have
manifested itself here and in the manufacturing districts
has been checked by the insurrectionary proceedings in
Vienna, and Consols were driven back on Saturday to 84k,
and closed at 84i for money and 84-1 to 85 for the account.
Manufacturers are evidently acting very cautiously at the
present time, working almost exclusively for orders, and
thus keeping their-stocks low ; meanwhile their purchases
of the raw material.are little more than sufficient to keep
them going ; so that a favourable reaction, whenever it
comes, must produce an almost instantaneous resumption
of activity in the trade generally.
SHARES continue (to use an expression of the Times)
in a state of " unmitigated heaviness," with prices rece-
ding daily. London stock has this day been done at par,
and Midland at 271 dis.
The Sugar market continues to have a very gloomy ap-
pearance, and, to effect sales, former rates cannot be ob-
tained. Since Thursday last the grocers have taken 2,000
Bengal at 395. 3d. for grainy yellow, 38s. 6d. to 395. for
good white, and 325. 6d. for low brown—no enquiry for
West India. 70 hhds. foreign have been sold' at 375. 6d.
Nothing doing in,Rum. The demand for Molasses is very
limited : 16s. was bid for a parcel of Trinidads, but the
owners would not take less than 16s. 6d. Not much en-
quiry for Rice 1000 bags good barrelled to fine white
realised lls. 9d. to 12s. 6d., and 200 bags small broken
9s. 6d. per cwt. The London market is now ls. to ls.6d.
cheaper for the low kinds of Rice. Coffee is more sought
after, but previous low rates cannot be improved upon :
70 tees. Jamaica by auction fetched_ 20s. to 38s. 6d. per

cwt. ; 200 bags Colony Ira Guayra, 375..; 200 bags low I
Rios, 235. ficl. ; 100 bags Trinidad Cocoa, 38s.
The busy season for FOREIGN Faurr may be said to
have now fairly commenced. The price asked for fine
new Patras Currants is 435. per cwt., which is 3s. to 4s.
below last year's opening price. It is too early vet for
the display. of much activity in the demand for Raisins,
and new Malaga Muscatels, for which (fair fruit) 445.
were demanded for Bunch, and 525. 6d. for Layers, at the
commencement, are now quoted at 375. for ordinary
Bunch,, and 455. for ordinary Layers really fine fruit,
however, commands 425. @ 455. for iunch, and 50s. @
655. for Layers. New Turkey Fios of fine quality realise
655. @ 755., and inferior, 455. @ 565. Prunes are offered
at 235. @ 245. per barrel, and are expected to enter largely
into consumption at this low figure. Almonds sell freely
at £7 @ £7 10s. per cwt. No Oranges yet. Malaga
Lemons realize 30s. the half-chest. Lisbon Grapes fetch
good prices : Black, per half-box, 14s. @ 18s. • Green,
10s. @ 12s. Malaga Ditto, Ns. @2os. per barrel. Nuts
are not much inquired for : Barcelona, 445. per bag ; Si-
cily, 355. ; Turkey, 255. American Apples are neglected
by dealers, the imports continuing small and green, Ios.
to 17s. being the general range of prices. Fine fruit-would
meet a ready market, in proof of which one little parcel
superior quality realised 355. 6d. per barrel. Our own
crop of Onions this year being large, foreign imports do
not sell well; those from Oporto can be had now at Bs. 6d.
per box.
There has been a better demand this week for COTTON
for export ; but the trade continuing to hold back,
business has been only moderate. In somo instances a
declination has taken place in the value of the middle and
better classes of American of id. per lb., and generally
prices are a shade lower. There was only a moderate
demand for Cotton on Saturday. The sales were 3,000
bales, 600 of which were taken for export, and prices were
without change. The sales TO-DAY are estimated at 4,500
bales, including 500 for export. There has been a fair
enquiry, but the market is very heavy.
There was perhaps never less doing in the WOOL mar-
ket than there is at present. but as holders are not press-
ing sales, prices have not suffered any change of moment.
Tsiu PIG IRON market continues without animation,,
and prices are a shade lower; mixed Nos. at Glasgow 43s
to 445. Notwithstanding the shock which the money-
market experienced during the week, a manifest firmness
has been maintained in mining shares.
The CORN market here has produced no novelty since
Friday. The chief imports subsequently comprise 1000
qrs. Wheat from Europe, 1956 qrs. Oats and 1180 sacks
Flour from Ireland, and 3237 qrs. Indian Corn and 6108
barrels Flour from the United States ; and a number of
grain-laden vessels from the Baltic are up to arrive to-
morrow (Tuesday). The markets throughout the country
show a decline in the value of most articles of the trade.
The POTATOES are better spoken of again generally.
A letter from Belfast says-" The disease does not seem
to progress, and our farmers are not raising or consuming
them so recklessly as formerly." From 'Waterford " the
accounts respecting the disease are more hopeful than of
late; and we are inclined to expect that liQund ones wilt

This obviously is a preposterously incorrect calculation:
and its incorrectness is increased by his adding to it
£6,250,000 in round numbers for other lines, all of which
are yet incomplete, and yielding no revenue. The result
which he thus establishes is, that it will require a gross
traffic of £70,000 per week to pay 7 per cent. dividend,
the present weekly traffic being only £44,400 per. week.
Our contemporary, the Albion, assuming the Times calcula-
tion to be correct, shows that the actual receipts weekly
are £2002 short of what is required to pay a 4 per cent.
dividend, which he conceives is very fairy looking at the
prices of consols ; and this increase he says will be made
up, as it is understood that the Company will not go on
with all the lines in• which they are engaged—a fact of
which we are assured.
Whilst such statements as these are put forth in credi-
table quarters, as the result of accurate calculation, it is
incumbent, we think, in every holder of these shares to
pause before parting with them at such prices as are
now induced by the panic which they occasion in timid or
unenquiring minds. We say to all such parties—" hold
on until you have the accurate, statement of your direc-
tors, which we feel confident will be both honest and
reassuring."

At a meeting last night of the electors of Everton Ward
Mr. Langsdale advocated the rating of the public property
of the town, and it was resolved to support him.
WEST DERBY WA-RD.—An adjourned meeting of the
electors of this ward took place last night. Mr. Plant oc-
cupied the chair, and asked if there were present any
friends of Mr. Thos Smith who wished to propose that
gentleman as a candidate far the Ward. No one answer-
ing, Mr. Hardy, in order that it might not be said that
Mr- Smith had not had a clear stage, proposed him as a
candidate ; but the motion was not seconded. It was then
resolved to support Mr. Beckwith at the forthcoming con-
test.
FATAL ACCIDENT.—On Saturday evening, between six
and seven o'clock, James Gresham, residing in Mill-lane,
Shaw's-brow, whose father keeps a shop in St. John's
Fishmarket ; whilst looking out for the arrival of boats,
accidentally fell from the north end of George's Pier. The
tide was out at the time, and he fell head foremost on the
stones in the water-course below. His skull was seriously
fractured and he soon expired. The deceased has left a
wife and family to lament his loss.
CHARGE OF STEALING MONEY FROM AN EMPLOYER.—
Yesterday, at the Police-court, a respectably clad young
man, named John Joaes, was charged with abstracting
money from the shop of his employer, Mr. Goodacre, tea-
dealer, corner of Manchester-street. Mr. Goodacre said
he had missed sums of money from time to time, from a
small cash-box, and also (as we understood him) from the
till, and his suspicions being roused he had marked some
half-crowns, &c. The prisoner was apprehended, and a
number of half-crowns were found upon him, including
one of the marked ones, which was distinctly sworn to,
The prisoner was committed for trial at the sessions.

Oct. 17, Mt.

be found farther into the new year than many others do.
A large crop (for
_these years) has undou'itedly been

raised-. and we. incline to 'thinli that the proportion dis-
eased has been measured more by the crop of the past
year than the present one."

THE IRISH AND A

.OvISIO~

TRADES

The recent supplies of Irish Beef are coming into com-
petition with the American article, and although nothing
is at present offered below 955. per tierce, which is the
highest price of U. S. " Prime Mess," there is a probabi-
lity that curers will effect further reductions. New Ame-
rican is still taken at full prices.

The only alteration in the value of American Pork is
in the inferior qualities of " Prime Mes.," which, in con-
sequence of the continued arrivals, has receded from 385.
•
to 365. per barrel of 200th. as the minimum price.
Both Irish and American Bacon give limited returns of
sales. The latter is low in stock, and the former i 3 still
held at too high rates to find favour in the market, al-
though a superior article is now offering at 565. @ 58s.
free on board, for delivery during the next six months.
In the absence of supply, there has been scarcely any
movement in Cheese; the arrivals, however, are consi-
derable, and a large quantity will be offered by auction
this day.

Theie havebeen few sales of AmericanLardthisweek,and
in those qualities from good to fine a reduction of 2s. per
cwt. was submitted to, the present prices being—fine, 425.
@ 435. ; good, 40s. @ 41s. This is doubtless owing to
the low figure at which the inferior kinds of Butter are
brought into the market, superseding to a great extent the
use of Lard for culinary purposes.
Irish Butter has arrived this week in large quantities,
amounting to 12,109 firkins, 1299 crocks. Holders being
disposed to sell middling qualities at a reduction of 2s. @
3s. per cwt., (70s. being about the figure,) a fair business
has been done at that abatement ; better kinds, however,
maintain about their previous value. Canada Butter sells
at 60s. @ 665., and Grease ditto at 425. a 465.

RICAN PRODUCE

There has been an improved demand during the week
for Montreal Pot Ashes, and the stock being much reduced,
an advance of ls. per cwt. is now generally required.
Quercitron Bark is neglected, and to effect sales lower
prices would have to be submitted to. For Tallow there
has been very little enquiry, and prices are with difficulty
maintained. Small sales of Common Rosin have been
made at 3s. 6d. to 3s. 9d., but very fine, being scarce, has
realised 10s. to 12s. 6d. Tar continues in request, and
800 barrels on the spot, and to arrive, have been sold at
14s. 6d. Linseed Oil Cakes sell readily, on arrival, at
steady prices. Rice is difficult to sell, and ls. to 2s. per
cwt. lower.

By the last returns from the Bank of England,
the amount of notes in circulation is £17,475,475, be-
ing a decrease of £73,545 ; and the stock of bullion is
both departments is £13,417,241, showing
a decrease of
£261,252, when compared with the preceding return.

The Court House at Clonmel now is very scantily at-
tended.

The Rev. Dr. Cooke has resigned his presbytery ill
Belfast.
The Cork Constitution of Saturday says that Mr.
O'Brien has become much dejected, and deeply bemoans
the misery and wretchedness he has brought down upon
his innocent family.
The trial of Mr. Donoghue being closed at 5 o'clock
on Saturday, Mr. Justice Moore proceeded to sum up the
evidence, and concluded at 7. The jury then retired, but
had not delivered their verdict when our despatch left.
The Duke of Wellington arrived at Apsley House, on
Saturday afternoon, from Walmer Castle, and shortly
afterwards left for Windsor Castle, on a visit to' her
Majesty.
THE IRISH POLITICAL CONVICTS.—The Dragonr 6,
steam-frigate, Captain W. H. Hall, has proceeded from
Waterford to Cork, and there awaits orders to receive on
board the Irish political convicts for transportation to any
place " beyond the seas."— United Service Gazette.
The widow of Thomas Moses died at Trough Lane Foot,
in the township of Lynesack and Softley, on Friday, Sep-
tember 26, aged 96 years. Another old woman, in the
same township, died a few weeks ago, aged 91 years; and'
there are still living three women in the same township'
whose united ages are 285 years—averaging 95 years each.

COLLEGE OF' CHEMISTRY.—This institution is now
open every day, and every description of information on
practical chemistry is imparted to the students. We
believe that Dr. Muspratt has not established the college
for any personal remuneration, but that he wishes to take
one step to make Liverpool as celebrated for science as
she is justly for commerce.
ASSUMPTIONS or POPERY.—The Sydney Chronicle
Romish paper says, "As the bull of his Holiness Pope
Pius IX., appointing Dr. Goold to the episcopal bench,
bears date prior to the letters patent under which Dr.
Perry holds office as the Anglican Bishop of Melbourne,
Dr. Goold will be entitled to the precedence." What
nest!

SPOT ON THE SuN.—The large spot on the sun, which
attracted attention about a fortnight since, is again brought
into view by the rotation of the sun on its axis, and was
observed on the 13th instant as a fine dark line upon the
extreme edge of the sun's disk, towards the south-east.
The spot is likely to be visible till about the 26th of this
month, and will probably appear again so large as to be
visible without a telescope, about the 17th, for several
days.

THE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON IN PARIS.-The Paris
correspondent of the Spectator states that the Common
Council of Paris and the Etat Major of the National
Guard intend to give a great entertainment to the National
Guards who came to the rescue of Paris during the battle
of June. It is reported that the Lord Mayor and Alder-
men of London are to receive an invitation, as a mark of
gratitude for the reception given to the French National
Guards who have lately visited London..
The application for a divorce in the Philadelphia courts,
by Mr. Pierce Butler, against his wife, Fanny Kemble
Butler, is on the ground that she has deserted him for two
years, having been abroad for that time in Europe. Mrs.
Butler resists the application, and as a large fortune is
depending on the question, whether the wife shall have
her legal portion or be cut off by a divorce, the case will
be one of interest. Mrs. Fanny Kemble Butler is among
the visitors at the Revere House, Boston. She will soon
re-appear, it is said, on the boards of the Park Theatre,
New York.—Montreal Pilot.

STRANGE CONDUCT.—More than ordinary indignation
has been evinced at Perth towards the officials at the
Scottish Central Railway, in consequence of the conduct
they displayed in declining to convey the Duchess of Su-
therland along their line on Sunday last, on the occasion
of her being summoned to the bedside of her dying pa-
rent, the Earl of Carlisle, at Castle Toward, in York-
shire. The Duchess hired a steamer, and crossed the
ferry to Edinburgh, but did. not arrive in time to see her
father alive. Her Grace only received-the summons on
Friday night, at Dunrobin Castle, and travelling as
quickly as possible, reached Perth on Sunday morning.--
Glasgow Reformer.
THE SCHOOLMASTER AT FAULT,—There is a remark-
able instance of " dulness" existing at this time, in a boy,
a native of Haughton-le-Skerne, in this county. All

pains have been taken to instruct, and to impress upon
his memory the first rudiments of a scholastic education,
without the slightest apparent effect. In other respects
he is a good natured, amiable, and lively boy ; but, so far
as the alphabet goes, he exceeds the usual bounds of slow
development—having been already three and a half years
at school without acquiring the knowledge of the first let-
ter A! His father, thinking that the boy was not pro-
perly taken care of, tried to instruct him, but after several
months' labour, has failed in advancing him further.—
Durham A4ivertiser.

SHIPPING INT.

ELLIGENCE

MONDAY, OCTOBER 16.—Wind N.E., fresh.
ARRlVED.—Evfirgreen, Brown, from Quebec—Zephyrus,
Ward, St. Petersburg—Mary Campbell, Cilchrist, Konigsberg
—Pomerania, Krause, Dai.zic—Wanderer, Beck, Brake.
SAIT Ba.—Beccles, Taylor, Africa—Bertha, Mitchell, Con-
stantinople—Elizabeth, Beverley, Rotterdam—Delhi, Wheeler,
Sincapore—Lucritia, Gillman, Vera Cruz—Eliza Ernest, Cher-
bourg—Grasmere, Vale, Alexandria, E.—Leda, Absolom, Bei-
rout—Hoop en Verwochting, Pyles, Rotterdam.

Bell, Walsh, from Prince Edward's Island, at Kingstown
Ocoan Queen, l'iinitigharn, from Danzic, at Pembroke.

FALMOUTH, i4th Oct =The barque Regina, of London, sugar
laden, was fallen in with 27th Sept., in lat. 41, long. 54, with
loss.of main and mizen masts, and abandoned, by the Augoste
and Bertha.—Mem. The Regina, Freeman, arrived at Antigua
28th Aug., from Dominica, to fill up, and sailed thence on the
sth Sept. for London.

METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER,
SIR. C. H. CHADBURN, 71, LORD-STREET

ATMOSPHR'RIC
Temperature
in Humidity at Fan of
Pressure at shadebyself- Noon. Wind of
registering Difference of at
thermometer oimmeitne. bulb.r Wet and Dry Rain. Noan.
Na.imne.

tion

In. In. D(
2910 , 5'

11j 30'03 30'03 I 56
12:30.07 30'13 54
13; 30.25 30.30,
14; 30'28 3016
1

53 1 48
54 I 45

' - I E.N.E
o'o4 N.H.

THE WEATUER.-10th: brilliant; squalls.-11th: bri:
—l2th: bright ; night, clouded.-13th: ditto.-14th :
night, light rains.-15th; clouded, rain.-16th clouded.

LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARKET-YESTERDAY

The supply of Cattle and Sheep was smaller than last week,
and prices of each were id. per lb. higher. Best Beef, sd. to
52d. ; Mutton, 53d. to 61. per lb.

LIVERPOOL :
TUESDAY, OCT. 17, 1848.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED

EVERY TUESDAY MORNING,
By JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, •f 53_, Grove street, and;

LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, drest Orford-street,
At No. 4. ST. GEORGE'S CRESCENT. LIVERPOOL.
Orders for Advertisements received by Messrs. Newton awl
Co., Warwick-square; Barker and White, Fleet-street;
Deacon, Walbrook ; Reynell,Chancery-lane ; Charle,s Barker.
Birchin-lane; Joseph Thomas, 1, Finch-lane, Cornhill ; Men-
den Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; Mitchell, 8, Red Lion-
court, Fleet-street; Lewis and Lowe, 3, Castle-court, Corn'
hill; at the London Commercial Coffee-house, Mincing-lane;
at the Jerusalem Coffee-house, Conihill; Chapter Coffee-
house, Paternoster-row ; North and South American Coffee-
house, Threadneedle-street ; Parsons, 9, Ave-Maria-lane,
London; Johnston and Co., Eden Quay, Dublin; Wheeler,
Exchange-street, and C. H. Lewis, Market-street, Manches-
ter; Haddock, and J. and W. Booth, Booksellers, Warrill-
ton ; Clarke, Pilot-office, Preston; and Wright and Dlo!'
Herald-office, Birmingham ; Harthill and Salmond No. Is
Prince's-square, Buchanan-street, Glasgow.
BIRKENHEAD ; TODHUNTER, Chester-street •, LAW Ag
PINKNEY, Argyle-street; OSBORNE, Chester-street; Om"-
GRIFFITH, Hamilton-street.

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION.
IN ADVANCE., lBB. j ON CREDIT ',lisle, Is