The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1835-09-01 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS,

We regret that the admirable letter of AMBROSE came too late
for insertion in to-day's STANDARD.
e are unwilling to believe that the Rev. Mr. Murphy could
have hazarded such a statement as a "Lover of Truth" asserts
he did in St. Patrick's chapel on Sunday last. The letter
must therefore be authenticated.
Our attention has been called to the scurrilous fustian which
has recently adorned the pages of the Albion in a series of
letters signed "A Reformer." We are assured that the
Writer is the last man in Liverpool who should deal in per-
sonalities; but such ribaldry, which perhaps passes for wi: in
the pothnuses, is beneath notice.

trr,Ot iiiberpool '.4-tanbarb.

TUESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 1, 1835.

By the John Campbell, arrived in the Clyde, we have
accounts from Bombay to the 27th April, being three
Weeks later than our last accounts. The cotton market
had taken a most unexpected rise in consequence of the
failure of the crops, which had been expected to be larger
than .usual. We have been favoured with the following
extract of a letter received here by a mercantile house of
the above date :

" We have not had an opportunity of addressing you since
the 4th instant— During that period our cotton market has got
into a most extraordinary state owing to the almost total ab-
sence of cotton. Even up to this date only very few boats have
arrived front the northern provinces; and, as little more than a
117'3nth remains before the commencement of the monsoon, it is
generally feared that we shall not receive 40,000 bales altogether
this season for the supply of China and Great Britain. Our
Stock of cotton here, which at this season generally amounts to
12,00,./.or 15,00 d bales, does not exceed 1,000 bales in first hands.
The extraordinary advance is owing to the very small supply
from the northern districts, and to the apprehension that the
quantity brought down this season will be unusually small."

Our latest accounts from Jamaica reach to the 24th
July', and from Demerara to the I4th July. A constant
feature now in the intelligence from these important colo-
nies is a complaint of the increase of crime and the inef-
ficiency of the police. The Guiana Chronicle has the
fUllowing
" We are informed that yesterday his Excellency the Lieu-
tenant-Governor, at the Public Buildings, harangued the police
of Georgetown in that style of eloquence so peculiarly his own,
ccluplinlented them upon their diligence and activity, and desired
them to continue to act in the same manner as they had hitherto
been doing.
"We are by no means surprised at his excellency having thus
acted; for, for some time past, from some baneful fatuity or
of judgment, most of his excellency's acts have proved
nnY thing but pleasing to the tastes or beneficial to the interests
44 the inhabitants of this colony. The wretched system of our
having, then, been proved through the columns of this
'''nlrual, and our statements corroborated by the facts of the
nightly robberies and brawls in this town, it of necessity imme-
diately became the duty of our governor to evince his anxious
desire to obtain the good wishes and respect of the community
by Publicly Publicly expressing his approbation of :he conduct of those
by Whose culpable negligence and inefficiency the public peace
is thus disturbed, and property made the prey of the midnight
burglar.

" His excellency tells the police to continue in their present
course, as, in his opinion, they discharge their duties effectively.
ahe Pick-lock and the crow-bar of the housebreaker, which have
44 made such havoc with the goads and property of the
"orehants and other inhabitants of this town, have not yet
visited Camp House, or perhaps his excellency might think and
speak differently on the subject ; and, perchance, were his
131,1te-chest or his cash-box laid under contribution, his next
harangue to ill ..! lice-officers might thunder forth the anathe-
kat; of h 4,4,,:.".
" In C, however, we take the liberty to inform his
!,' AO lonL, as nightly robberies destroy our pro-
-14-11Y,60.51-4, y brawls disturb our streets, the community will
Weyer consider the police as effective merely because his excel-
. elle), may be pleased to style them so—nay, not even if so de-
scribed in one of his state papers. Demcrarians in general are
too homespun a race of beings to distrust the evidence of their
senses, and form their opinions upon the ipse dizit of those who
cam scarcely be considered as impartial judges."
We have for some time been prepared for this. The
Tatnaica papers speak in the same terms of the alarming
Increase of crime, and assert.that property is not safe
either by night or day. The abolition bill has only been
le operation two years, and yet we find that the whole
Thera] aspect of society, in the West Indies, has under.'
gone a complete change; and this we fear it will conti-
nt!e to do until life is endangered, and more severe laws
are enacted for the suppression and punishment of licen-
llousness and robbery. If the industrious colonists have
vfaese of complaint now, what will be their situation at
kee end of the current term of apprenticeship ? We all
new what was the state of society in St. Domingo
Ivhen the mulatto government of that island were coin.
/)elled to frame the Code Rurale, which was nothing
nlere than a new system of slave laws, of the most ter.
tlfic nature, enforced by military execution. Previous
t 0
the Code Rurale, the blacks of St. Domingo were in
i"hat was called a state of freedom. They had been so
tnr more than twenty years, during which period that
usautiful island was a scene of debauchery, profligacy,
21.trage. and bloodshed. The atrocities that were
c4tcorn-
exceed any thing ever heard of in savage life.
tle ambitious villain made war upon another ; the
strong robbed the weak ; the idle murdered the infirm.
Their; freedom was licentiousness in its worst form; it
81 nothing more than a cessation of industry, and a
:i.gn of spoliation and crime ending in ruin, dernoraliz-
2ea and desolation. The colony which once exported
'ere sugar to Europe than all the West India islands
AUt together, soon ceased to grow sugar at all, certainly
tint enough for its own consumption ; and cultivation of
every kind would have been abandoned long ago, and
tl
blacks reduced to cannibalism, but for the re-enact-
heat of slave laws under the assumed title of Code
"Igrate. Since then the colony has improved; but idle-
tress and licentiousness had taken too deep a root to be
s sdicated ; the law came when it was too late ; the poi.
°l3 had been swallowed and had produced its effects ;
and the result was that St. Domingo, or Hayti, as it is
slewl called, never recovered its former position, and we
11Pect never will. Its black population are still slaves
tinder a military despotism. They are suffered to exist,
buttheY make no advancement hi morals or the arts.
"e offer these remarks in anticipation of the conse-
tine
~ flees, which we have every reason to fear will follow
i'e.expiration of the apprenticeship term in our own co-
i?illes unless we adopt some rigorous system of preven••
il4 Police. It is worse than madness to think of govern.
rhe negro race by the mild laws of England. Even
erance which is presumed to be a civilized country,
freedom which works well here produces anarchy
ti ere- Frenchmen do not understand what constitu-
t,..°44l liberty is. One of their most distinguished
rs admits that trial by jury, as it prevails all over Eng.
taitn`l, is totally inapplicable to the people of France. If,
n' there be so great a discrepancy between two na-
tionsi so intimately connected, how much more must
there be between the population of the West Indies,
Vopulation being of African origin—African of the
• west caste, and the christianised population of these
14ads:
NO, We must frame laws strictly applicable to the
state of society in our West India colonies, or we may
oaks up our minds either to lose them altogether by
titee awful convulsion such as occurred in Hayti, or by
tie silent and despairing abandonment of them by the
abur°Pean planters and proprietors. Much has been said
°lit infusing the colonies with fresh blood from the
°th" country, by encouraging emigration, and inda-
eig
flglish, Scotch, and German labourers to substi-
vth"i!e cultivation by the plough for that which now pre.
toll.s" and which it is almost certain the negro will cease
Perform when he is fully emancipated. We have
weard Various opinions on this subject, and we confess
have our doubts. Some West India proprietors,
,hose
opinions are entitled to respect from their great
x
WlPerleete, contend that the cultivation of sugar by the
ough is not only practicable but would be attended
i;,`" encouraging and triumphant success. Others, how-
equally experienced, and amongst whom ranks
JANIMS MACcit:EEN, of Glasgow, whose very name is

a host in itself, contend that it is impracticable. They
assert that it is impossible for the European labourer to
bear the excessive heat of the day in the plantations;
that some few hardy and inured persons might withstand
it, but that generally it would prove destructive to Euro-
peans.

On these conflicting opinions it is unnecessary to offer :1
any remarks. One thing, however, is certain ; some-
thing must be done to save the colonies, and save the ne-
groes themselves from the consequences of their own acts.
It is also clear that do what we may we have not a moment
to lose. Little harm can arise from trying the experiment
of European cultivation on a limited scale, and the go-
vernment should be prevailed upon to lend it the most
liberal encouragement. It would be a blessing to the
West Indies—it would be salvation to the blacks—if we
could establish a rural population of moral and religious
Europeans in the colonies. Failing this we must resort
to some compulsory laws in favour of cultivation. The
negro must not be allowed to roam an idle savage. He
must not be allowed to sink in the scale of morals, low
though that scale at present be, committing petty larceny
by day and burglary by night. He must be compelled to
work in the fields. Let him have perfect freedom of
action ; let him choose his own employer; let him prcy
cure the highest wages he possibly can ; let him seek
such employment as he shall prefer, and let him seek it
where he pleases; but he must not be permitted to re-
main idle unless he can show that he has accumulated a
competency to maintain him without working, Failing
all this, our last resort is the Code Purale.
We take the following from the .Guiana Chronicle:—

From tin extract of a letter from Surinam, which we have
seen, we learn that Prince William Frederick, third son of his
Royal Highness the Prince of Orange, and grand-sou of the
King of Holland, has arrived in that colony, in the Dutch
frigate Ceres. The distinguished and royal visiter, was, of
course, received with every mark of respect, and demonstration
of loyalty, by the governor of the colony and its inhabitants ;
for the dutch, if we were to deny them all other virtues, possess, in
an eminent degree—beyond almost all other nations—a devoted-
ness of attachment and respect for their sovereign and hisfamily,
which is alike honourable to the objects of so much sincere
affection, and those who so loyally entertain' it.
The young Prince has already honoured the Jewish congre-
gation of Surinam with his presence, for the purpose of laying
the foundation of their new synagogue, a like compliment was
to be paid to the reformed church, by the young prince on its
consecration. Great preparations were likewise making for a
grand ball to be given in honour of the royal visiter, by the in-
habitants of the colony.
His highness is represented to be a very fine looking youth,
of about fifteen years of age.

The New York papers continue to furnish us with ad-
ditional details of the march of outrage and homicide in
the United States. On the one hand certain persons al-
leged to be gamblers, but who had committed no crime,
have been murdered by the " respectable citizens" of
Vicksburg, or Wicksburg, as it is sometimes spelled, in
cold blood. These ill-fated and legally unoffending
wretches were, when apprehended, dragged to the7place
of execution like dogs. Each man had a rope placed
round his neck by the " citizens," and in this condition
they were mercilessly pulled, half choked, then released,
and half choked again, for several successive times, en-
during the most horrid torture all the while, until they
reached the gallows which were prepared for them.
CABLER, who suffered " LYNCH'S law," or in other words
was tarred and feathered by the "citizens," when lie was
undergoing the beastly process, most earnestly implored
the ruffians not to dash the mixture into his eyes. He
begged in vain ! A " respectable citizen" coolly re-
plied, "Stranger, I guess we must slime you all over !"
Never again let us hear of liberty, or law, or reason, or
justice, or humanity in America! As to the term "ci-
tizen," it is now synonymous with " tyrant," and we
shall henceforth and forever hold it in unspeakable ab-
horrence.

On the other hand white men, " preachers and steam
doctors"—will any friend be kind enough to tell us what
a " steam doctor" is ?-•--and upwards of twenty black
men have been hanged in the same state (Mississippi)
without the least proof of guilt, without even being for-
mally accused, without being tried—in short they have
been hanged upon suspicion, and, in point of law and in
defiance of every moral and judicial sanction, most foully
murdered. Such deeds as these, we contend, bring eter-
nal disgrace upon the republic. They are blood-stains
upon American liberty which time can never obliterate,
which all the water in the wide Atlantic can never wash
out. What do the philanthropists of England say to
these proceedings ? What defence do the STEPHENS, the
MACAULEYS, the BUiTONS, and the BROUGHAMS offer for
their beloved America ? What do the Society of Friends
contribute in the shape of an apology fin the land of
WILLIAM PENN ? What say the silly BENTHAMITES,
who never could offer a reason for an absurdity or a nui-
sance which they did not borrow from tile United States ?
In a word, what has the press of England, which calls it-
self liberal, said in excuse or condemnation of these in-
human outrages and revolting murders ? Nor ONE
WORD. The dumb dogs do not bark. They have for so
many years, and for party and selfish purposes, extolled
the virtue of the Ailiericans, and the perfectibility of
American institutions, that, like Lord BROUGHAM ex-
tolling the innocence of Queen CAROLINE, they actually
believe all they have so falsely and factiously asserted.
Lord BROUGHAM is a weak man, and on that ground we
forgive him; but do all the advocates of American Insti-
tutions take shelter under that excuse Is tile liberal
press so miserably fallen that it deems the advocacy of
silence the safest course ? or has it not the courage and
the honesty to denounce what it has invariable hitherto
professtd to abhor ?

What would have been said if in this noble land, in
this much calumniated constitutional monarchy—this land
of an hereditary peerage which the "well beloved" JOE
PARKES has proscribei—this asylum of the "gentlemen
of the press," whom JONATHAN THREEHALFPENNY ROE-
BocK. has threatened to write down—what would have
been said here and elsewhere, and even in America it-
self, if one hundredth part of the cruelty and crime had
been committed here which has been committed in the
United States ? The now silent liberal press would have
rung changes upon it for the next fifty years. The small
scribe would have lived upon it for a long period, as Con-
BETT did upon the flogging of certain soldiers in the Isle
of Ely. The dishclout politician, playing Mercury in a
bath of soap-suds, would have levied sevenpence for every
plunge in the froth, averaging some fifteen hundred times
per week. All the chroniclers of the state would have
become rich by exchanging their small beer for nutriment
of a more substantial nature. 13!"t let us give a case or
two in illustration.

Two men were recently convicted and sentenced to
death in this country fora horrid crime. That they will
be executed we sincerely hope and believe. A few weeks
ago the Sidney papers contained a trial and the convic-
tion of two men for the same crime, under similar cir-
cumstances. The people of England, to their honour,
have expressed no sympathy towards the criminals. In
New South Wales, however, an attempt was made to
murder the witnesses who had borne evidence against the
condemned, on the ground that the " two young men
sentenced to be hanged had only been guilty of a lark,"
This shows the difference in moral feeling between the
convict population of New South Wales and that of the
people of England, and long may it remain so.

But we regret to say that the difference is equally
striking between the "citizens' of the republic and the
subjects of the King of England. What we call "mur-
der" they term "a sudden and justifiable ebullition of po-
pular feeling." The meanest man in these realms, the
vilest scoundrel in Great Britain, is under the protection
of the laws. The suspected man in the United States,
be he as pure as nnsunned snow, be he guiltless as an
angel, if the mob will it, Ile must suffer death, as their
own papers sac•, "without law or gospel, judge or jury."

But take another case. A thief-taker of the name of
PORTEOUS, who had made himself obnoxious to the mob
of Edinburgh, was, some seventy or eighty years ago,
seized by the mob of that city and hanged. He was, it
is now acknowledged, a great ruffian in his day, but he
had committed no illegal act. On the contrary, he had
brought to justice some of the worst and most desperate
characters who infested Edinburgh. - He was the master
of police; but those who have read SCOTT'S novel of the