The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-03-28 00:00:00

Efteraturt.

NOTICES.

Ode,
, e Roscoe Polkas, arranged for the piano forte,
12.‘ dedicated by permission to the members of the
ZePPOOI Roscoe Club, and performed by the author's
riPat their annual grand soirée. Published for the
enoser. Manchester • ,Hime and Addison, 19, St'
e's-square ; London : R. Addison and Co., 210,
sheet street ; Liverpool : e and Son, 57, Church-
qteet.
,
tons isaVe our 'need of very high praise to these composi-
tes,
of noticing the Roscoe soiree itself, towards t.hesuc-
Leatlty' wahr
_they contributed very largely by their great
bes, (Ire ertect,iwness. They are before us now in tderiti 9s, arranged for the piano forte ,• and we can con-
i3,,ichP Predict their success and popularity. The score
reaph „a- full ; and the difficulties are fully within the
Good:I a Player of fair proficiency. We trust tlitt Mr.
del will oblige us with further specimens of his mu-
thesegenius, which he has shewn by the
Y production of
sPeeinlensf is not confined to
,his great artistical

DQ
G.n°lr* Little Songs for Little Singers. London 14: • Davidson, Peter's-hill, Doctor's-commons.
tatio IS one of the most pleasing and interesting pubh-
he ,011„' we ever remember to have met with. What can
"ceived more delightful than ear the best selected
tline,B"gs of our little ones ng by them to excellent
menu mostly familiar wit mle piano forte accompam-
Aeos The series i; to e completed •
in 20 three-penny
ng priate ; and will be one of the che and ap-
gePnreeratsents
ion.
vf..Mcrwe can conceivemost for the musicalppr ns-

.140',1- , -------
COrg • 1""n 8 Little Pieces for Little Players,
illyetieles some beautiful popular airs, arranged. for the
!Ithin the and set so simply as to ensure their being
wtat many reach of very juvenile hands. We may remark
who °f them will suit the violinist and the fliitis , the viirta atabitio us of more than performing the airs of
that the°ll3Sicas, waltzes, &c. which they contain isFieq
us "
eh nuisie is new—not the ordinary pieces !urni true,
of the be: Intlsic, but the music from the original sc
ni°dern composers.

ibis is h Davidson's Lyrical Drama.
Works of L„ art Of a series which is intended to embrace the
ePtitain Principal and most popmar cu niErn"r hv e r
lton. s the or Italian libretto, with an .g is -
'iaZhe IS,
,first publication. contains a portion of the
wo.is r 0, tlgaro. The prmting of the whole of these
s very excellent.

P 11•0 NEW MUSIC.
.r‘u.
,'l"98—" The Weary Flowers" and " Glancing,
toik, through the Air"--:composed and dedicated
A e
Henry Curry by William Rogers. London :
Thulsohn and Hobson. Liverpool : Rime and Son, 57,
restreet.
4,1,11e5e are two very pleasing compositions. The first,
14,ne weary Flowers have pined," is an andante of much
fq?;°s, and simple in character, yet affording great scope
kolgle display of power and feeling in the singer. The
pr:Pitniment and bass add greatly to the mournful ex-
pla,`lon of the melody. There is much originality dis-
-114 throughout. The second piece is a very lively,.
t-e',l,ung allegretto, and will be a favourite companion of
(\q,eerful hour in many a circle. They are both dedi-
Yer,, We
observe, to a fair fellow-townswoman—Mrs.
4e4l_"l7—and a more graceful tribute could not have
Acid her by the composer.
7'.4e h -

jorittz Leche, Esq.,
J i.„'",:.(ten Quadrille. Composed and inscribed to
on occasion of his reaching his ma-
lt- Y, Pebruary 25 1848 by P. Stubbs, Leader of the
This Band. ' ' tilibbllis prattling, joy-inspiring quadrille, such as Mr.
:440i1l
'fuld of giving us, and will be popular. It is
-404(14,."t 1113, in blue, and sold by Mr. Hutchings,

VA.MiTIES.

mho can
bothing, 113lattel1 the
value of a smile ?rrialt caonsdtsrtehleengtiinvegr,
41116 sad and ,Is beyond price to thefe
•qtl6.__ eaeerless the lost and orsakgen. It disarms
4416; —bdtles temper—turns hatred to love—revenge
14411411"8---and Paves the darkest paths with
heart,
ofa
tleaq tt'i. ,A smile on the brow betrays a kind. a
thev4PPyali2el.4l, an affectionate brother, a dutiful son,
fa,,,,.soand. It adds a charm to beauty, it decorates
letllcf: af tile deformed, and makes a lovely woman re-
i., la Lan angel in radise.
'as 1,7"4.1g though the streets our eyes are attracted by
dowsrelldid tints of the coloured liquids in the shop i -
;oltleeBreetbiaes atpothecar.es. To a careless observer, weach
e
sstt b,,,i,liiaat
ofo ctntiiciinndo.ne
but on
only, and that h
b on examination, we find
''stse.`tY ttiass of colour is made up of a great variety of
ate e Perhaased bY reflection. and refraction, and that
Ne h'etaallY changing with the change of passing ob-
e,"eli t-Tv, in these varieties lies the secret of the delight
ofd ol,•'" eYe. What is true of these bottlesit is
true of
t-i-th;liehe_t' ln:a greater or less degree, as it is capable
tell thin" 6 being,ons and refractions, the appearances
,h3eCt gs in some sort, modified by surrounding
4 A \t',
att'e IT ay FISHES.—THE LAW OF KINDNESS.—In a
sete e'' the town o Hingham. known as Rock_ ynowo.ko,
Nd; Pond where a little girl, not six years oeldm, n )`'4:tt.the bank, has tamed the fishes r arka-
tacitzale' Nee bean by
NI ~ Y the
hsher footsteps,
thrnwi.ng.cruFi_b in the water.
tio,qarted ~ fishes learned to distinguish
to: they
tv:;-; the edge whenever she approached • and
144lieh thgrl actually feedt out of her hand, and allow' her
A venerable turtle is amuor g
fl'tl,(l.lnlar pent seides 'The control of Van Am bw gh
which
t'ililt:.tltl:',..ii:d,lit'ss'tesilisnot more surprising than that
The
it.._, Wl4l.l''2l_ attained. over her finny playmates.
K,, Thep nothing to do with any but their tried
bi Ne_ Y will trust no one else, let him come with
neoloded
ii;tlever so tempting. Even fishes are not so cold-
ti t, its
theY will recognise the law of kindness, and
qed s all States' embracing power.— Boston Transcript,
Ittliv4l?kkx 1,;.
—ln April this lady will
Ito el,
,aiAltooT GARCIA.
1,01)).41 ItaliagAt Aid, and commence an engagement at the
41,, . Ail espe,,efera..which. extends to the end of the sea-
r.,t6, -mon% whiet repertoire of operas will be opened for
kyd iciti ~Nley,.rbee:ovill be found_ the Fidelio ; Les Hugue-
d expressly adapted for her;
Olicti„jliflY):4whenr'AirlY
44 It i. o_
„,,, new
opera,
arrives to be present at the pyoh-
I, a tan versio
iwetlatne Pear on has beena prepared' by Signor Gianone,
de'e ou le Skret, of which
u inthe character of Haydee.
Neawis?lot do bettewriinsthsis place than record the impres-
ill he 4°l kadanae Viardot made upon a scientific hearer
4ta r Perio ii kati rn?anes. at th 9 Frankfort opera last year. Her tkpi, e singing is imposing, but the reverse of all that is
‘llet,i- lald natural in music. Her voice, by art, has been
0,,,,"41 to an immense compass : she possesses a cob:T.. 'etliattalto,. and the height upwards of a soprano,—in
t Is tr,.! which, however, her middle tones have suffered.
Ili' et sia7,i,sugh want of quality in this part of her organ that
b Nos "a in concerted pieces is sometimes deficient. But
tf.lltivalleatitl.d duets she. exhibits powers of execution almost
ttelfe i. , and her immense stock of
.passages, her love.
the taut ea,nd Power of surprising, maintain her hearers._ in
bold a",eictenaet4. She has adopted in the lyric dram
444,1°411; ambitious walk of Madame Malibran, and
Of Cehaieal.an into the
immense; of redundancy.
11... el'. cla,_ skill alone is inthe completeness
Ill'4,4rills,ulTatia scale she is, probably,without a rival..
But ZlYtaiii.tept,Part!linente, and her power of dropping
dpa,na"tie. prineZdtant intervals, alike distinguish her.
feature which haracterises her is the
kl4if, bearet:,aipth of impersonations. She throws her-
ile'" not and sold eorapitrt ; and even when the author tw, has
stiirx'veti the integrity of nature in hiisndeerhensr Tiller
411() v°iees Put°%ver of investing them with t
N:lll't•itt 11 th an immense range of parts at her disposal.
.tfort, e,oceasion in which she perf .
li%tills.ll soAnse introduced into the music:lesson scene
shit t 4 eci pow and mazurkas by Chopin, in which she
tit
'ilitraits e_r as a pianist
Viardotmore
wthean respteocthaeblree.caplt.
in_
titi(iseetitif
p;itlhtittetoeafdr°tltihs:ktir
distinctions
tns seem
great
tncp of Madame 1%.1101?I'eneln.
'Peet Sihnia ' kat whetheretirehfeorsmamere hgraesatceertx.eaelantlyonb
in-
; 'fb4ter r Power over the heart and aff_ections of the
410 So-c,.44 nnlY be proved by experience. Fraser.
ti-M1011,44 INFLUENCE OF TEA.—In a former paper
ttlOc/IIY 11 tht the bulk of mankind. aecord.ningthteo
tit?.
s °fa t. a lair 11
.to • stilt,'
nt.
4l• be f a ave crag require something i
here
Wherever the stimulant is tea,t .
14
ts.lzati:Nl, as will presently be shown,
ttihne
tk`44ll 'ln full activity. Where it is
still
end / glistltit spirit
r us of
th Y, barbarous manners are gp'redomi-
fre °I. barb etefere propound, that tea and the discontinu-
atltt• The arisen are connected in the way of cause and
ge Ivliati
I.ol'iglnal country of tea had arrived, at
athae
41 refihlstarY began to be written m Europe, t
‘!1 rW4eetit), "eljeellt which was unknown to the west for
14 'ea belles after. The Chinese were shut up with
t'N at th weea the ocean and the desert ; and whs
who
litho ed th end of many centuries by European ,e
tia f e deeP or
041- nt the __ Penetrated througnh_a
()cordon of savag
trilvolV4l sociarrilOse, they were fou d t possess the po-
-I"eii leS p,
~,, mstitutionsthe manners, and even the
,ik,,„1(1 a,,,eXlar to civilized life. T i suggestive of a
"" of society"i,and from which sprinegathe decencies and
ei,t;4l':,v'llita.,,,baasyhlt• The savage may drink wateranoduthoef
exec The
• but give him
ltrc't) ilttavil,°.f sileie,!es his faculties' in thethinavtseetanh'eeminavoefaa_
ah°,nl 'whin'elttlad" a beverage. Tea was .
4.''' beau'', arose°nbt, of that rich porcelain called china,
eater -1
'a tot' ntunberless ideas of elegance in form,
,Z°r sh.:e,a-drita.—"ring The Japanese are perhaps still
i;(st i„-"tiz i-i',el.B thin. the Chinese ; and they afford
.a
'ea, °),.. W,itif-all,atl, ee than-the latter of the nmon. of thsis
"(Icli' nardi 'ogli. state of refinement and. politenets
e.
to t,e of th,„ Y known to all in this country till after
easy ellr,ce, in ' see eaten
century. It would not .be
!I1() la eivi direct manner, the operation of this new_
Start is
_ ization
4 ' Irr conjuror
for tea d' sit s iritingly gently. !t
tt ltaa . Itisinnt,.Whose aimee it is to make the people
441, . kinati a9s itself into the mind, stimulates the
hi), ti 4,.., on, disarms tile 1.0 eali pp da„ . le thoughts of their coarseness,
, e al, yeah, . neing to the surface a thousand beautiful..
.%',t,,ltY of ~ g Ideas It is a bond of family love ,it is
(4,te the - woman in the work refinement ;it throws
Alii tl the ennventional barrier between the two sexes,
siii,,,Q.lly
eol.le, and ennobling the other. Tea, philoso-
,',lor „nsidered, is merely a rival of alcohol. The de-
bt,\'• for;,4greeablrand exhilarating drink is natural to
li4tage," exists all states of society ; and the new
kes:•ealthgotatifYing the taste as it does without injuring
kti,, lag to tli: maddening the brain, must be considered a
Nttl `4t such'le 1111/nan race. We are apt to look
.with dis-
(ltal st •
it eanse ais tics as these ; but if we consider the
ll'li'llal 1411,91ees attending the consumption of a few
(:4 be' inTiAlou pounds a et
the
romantic arithmetical figures
* Jo ttrat.
4'60, eated with m-Ore h interest.:—

ENGLAND'S PROTESTANTISM

(From the Record.)
The throne of these kingdoms is Christian and Protes-
tant, by a compact made between the people and the
Sovereign in 1688. The throne being vacated by that
Popish king, James the Second, the lineal succession was
purposedly passed over by the nation, and the present
royal family was placed on the throne, and accepted the
crown on the terms of the Act of Settlement. From that
period no attempt to depart from that compact, as regards
the throne, has been made. The throne has stood in an
attitude of uncompromising hostility towards the see of
Rome. To be truly loyal to the throne, we must be truly
desirous of maintaining the compact made in 1688. We
should make ourselves familiar with history on this sub-
ject. We should commit the subject of that compact to
memory. The Sovereign cannot be reconciled to the See
of Rome; nor be reconciled to the Church of Rome; nor
hold communion with the See of Rome; nor hold com-
munion with the Church of Rome ; nor profess the Popish
religion ; nor marry a Papist : and positively, the Sover-
eign must join in communion with the Church of England,
as by law established. To alter that settlement in the
least degree is to commence a work, which may end in re-
moving the throne altogether from its foundations. No
matter how small a portion of the foundation may appear
to be touched, if the least morsel be removed, the work
of destruction will have been begun. Let no man, there-
fore, be permitted to treat Victoria's interchange of Am-
bassadors with the see of Rome as a small matter.
In the year 1829, the Duke of Wellington began
the work of destruction ; the support given to him
and his measures by Dr. Phillpotts, introduced that
Clergyman to the see of Exeter. Now, in 1848, we find
these two gentlemen at the same work. It is true the
Bill fur Legalizing Diplomatic Relations with Rome was
not introduced by them ; but the Duke reconciles the
House of Lords to the measure, by suggesting an Amend-
ment which amounts to no more than this,—that the
present laws shall not be broken in upon to any greater
extent than they are broken in upon. The Lords think
they have done a marvellous stroke of policy, at the very
moment they fall with the Duke, as they fell with him
in 1829. They think they are advancing when they are
retreating. Exeter again is repeating his former game.
He smooths the way by informing the House, that Com-
munion with the Church of Rome means communion in
sacred things. He leaves the matter there ;as if there
were no other words in the Act of Settlement. Com-
munion with the See of Rome he passes over. Reconcile-
cuClll cu. cyvc va LIAM= liclmmura ovol. Juctultu Luc
Duke and the Bishop men entrench themselves. They
are great authorities, friends of the Church. The great
Apostle of falsehood, Newman, wrote a book tofexplain
away the Thirty-nine Articles. He could make them
mean anything or nothing. So those laws which have
intercepted all intercourse with the See of Rome for about
300 years, and in their present form for 160 years, are
suddenly discovered not to mean what they do mean.
Doubts exist as to what is the state of the law, is the
falsehood of 1848.

The new invention to avoid the law, is to talk of the
Court of Rome, instead of the See of Rome ; and the So-
vereign of the Roman States, instead of the Bishop of
Rome, or Pope. This is child's play indeed. If we saw
the Queen and the Pope sitting .side by side on a sofa,
should we not send the man to Bedlam, who should come
up and whisper, the Queen is not talking to or smiling on
the Pope, but the Sovereign of the Roman States ? And
what is an ambassador, but the Sovereign ? The Queen
will be in Rome by her ambassador, and the Pope in
England by his. In the face of all the world the two
countries. will be reconciled outwardly, and in a manner
which has not been for 300 years, except in Bloody
Mary's days, and for a few months under Popish James
the Second. And to stop all argument on the subject, it
cannot be done without an Act of Parliament. The very
fact that an Act of Parliament is necessary, proves that all
the words to the contrary are but sophistry.
The second reading of the bill is again postponed, and
at present no day is fixed. This will give a fair opportu-
nity for awakening the public. The subject ought to be
forcibly handled in the monthly periodicals.

COBDEN AND THE NAVY

From the London Guardian.)

Our readers will probably remember Mr. Cobden's
palaver at Manchester some time ago—how he showed
that calico-making, or rather calico-printing, was the
road to a knowledge of all things in general, and naval
and military matters in particular. The honourable
member had only just returned from his continental ex-
cursions, and he proceeded to furnish the meeting, at
least so everybody thought, with a little of his foreign
experience.

The navy was a humbug ; he had see
his friend, the American Conc•
Nothing to do at Malta'
the time of the squadron

it himself, and
a Consul, quite agreed with him.
' fiddling and feasting filled up
q picture of the dolce far

niente as might make many a hard-working lawyer most
naturally wish he had volunteered for the fleet. Alac-a-
day, they must stay with us as they are. .Cobden's pic-
tures, on his own admission, are but visions of the past.
From what came out in the Honse on Monday, it seems,
the Admiralty were rather startled at Mr. Cobden's
highly-coloured descriptions of the doings in the Mediter-
ranean station, and they forthwith sent off to Sir Wil-
liam Parker to inquire about it. The Admiral followed
Mr. Cobden's example, and communicated with the
American Consul, who informed him that he had not seen
Mr. Cobden at Malta for the last ten years. On this, up
gets Cobden and exclaims that when, in January. he spoke
of having been at Malta in Islcoyember, he meant _Novena—

ber, 1836. Now we ask whether, out of the large assem-
bly who cheered Mr. Cobden and his universal fraternity
at Manchester in January last, any one person, with the
exception, perhaps. of Mr. Cobden's immediate friends,
imagined for a moment that the speaker alluded to what
had taken place twelve years ago. It would be absurd to
suppose it. If Mr. Cobden be acquitted of a deliberate
intention to mislead, he must, at any rate, have been
guilty of gross carelessness, almost as fatal to the charac-
ter of a public man as actual knavery. People have, for
some time past, begun to suspect hat Mr. Cobden had so
imbued himself with free trade and corn law repeal as to
be unable fully to take in any other subject, and what
came out on Monday night last will not tend to re-estab-
lish his reputation, either in the House or the country at
large.

Can Mr. Cobden be trusted for a correct statement of
facts, will hereafter be asked. A man who has, to say the
least, been so loose in what he has said on one occasion,
may mislead his hearers on another. Mr. Cobden has
lost ground. We fancied we had got a statesman ; but,
since corn-law repeal, there have been but few symptoms
of it. If he goes on in this way, he may have to bid fare-
well to the West Riding.

As to the debate which occasioned this little expose it
hardly deserves notice. Mr. Hume has a way of talking
penny-wis4 nonsense, but -he sometimes hits out some.
thing good ; people, therefore, bear with him, remember-
ing that he is occasionally useful. But when a man like
Cobden gets up to back him, it is rather too much. At a
time when France is increasing-her army to an unheard of
extent, and all Europe is in revolution—when, to say
nothing of the chances of a war, there is hardly a Conti-
nental port where the presence of a British naval force
may not at any moment be required—these gentlemen
wish to cut down the number of our seamen. That is to
say, to render us weaker at sea than we are at present.
On any other point of the naval estimates, save this, a
possible case might, perhaps, have been made out. But
the seamen's wages is a matter where there can be no
cheating. So many men, at so much per day, come to so
ntuch. The worst of the case is that these reckless sort of
objections have a tendency to abstract the proper course
of the inquiry as to savings in naval expenditure which is
now going on. " Oh," men will say, " there is nothing
in all this talk of extravagance, who can trust a word these
fellows 'say ?" And so an useful investigation may be
stopped. But a proposal to diminish the number of sea-
men is a very different thing from an inquiry, whether the
sums voted for dockyards and stores, for instance, are
properly expended ? There is too much reason to believe
that such is not the case, and that a searching investiga-
tion would bring to light abuses which th world at
large have no idea of. It is to be hoped that Messrs.
Hume and Cobden, by their antics, may not succeed in
procuring the peculators a long day.

FEMALE HEROISM.—The Earl of Dundonald, in hi 3
biographical sketch of the family of the late Mr. Coutts,
speaking of this gentleman's zrandmother, (a daughter of
Sir John Cochrane,) relates the following anecdote :
" Sir John Cochrane being engaged in Argyle's rebellion
against James the Second, was taken prisoner, after a des-

daughter having notice that the death-warrant was ex-
pected from London, attired herself in men's clothing,
and twice attacked and robbed the mails (between Bed-
ford and Bedwick) which conveyed the death-warrant,
thus giving time for the friends of her husband to make
intercession with the king, who granted a full pardon."
This beautiful heroine was the great-grandmother of Lord
Dudley Stuart.

INTEMPERANCE A PREDISPOSING CAUSE OF ASIATIC
CHOLERA.—Whatever obscurity may overhang the excit-
ing cause of the epidemic cholera, we are quite sure that
certain circumstances exercise a strong predisposing in-
fluence upon the human body to render it more than usu-
ally susceptible of the disease. The predisposing causes,
as might welrbe imagined, were such as tended to debili-
tate the system ; and therefore poverty, which implies
scanty nourishment, and frequently also the confinement
of several persons to a narrow space, and want of fresh
air ; poverty, which includes these and other evils, was
found to predispose the body to a ready reception of the
malady. But to intemperance, more than to any other
single cause, may the proclivity to become affected by this
species of cholera be ascribed; and especially to the in-
temperate and habitual use of distilled spirits. This fact
was peculiarly manifested in the selection, by the disease,
of its victims in this country ; and it has been remarked
almost everywhere else.—. Doctor Watson.

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER.—In the course of the pacifica-
tion conference of Sir Harry Smith with the Kaffirs at
King William's Town, a voltaic battery was fired on the
opposite slope about a quarter of a mile distant. Here a
waggon had been placed at 300 yards distance from the

battery, communicating in the usual manner by means of
wires. The object of his Excellency was to convey to the
Kaffir mind an idea of sudden and irresistible power. Ac-
cordingly, on a given signal from him—the waving of a
small flag—the discharge instantly took place, the explo-
sion shattering the carriage of the waggon, and canting up
the body of the vehicle, so that it remained fixed one end
on the ground, at an angle of 45 degrees. The action was
so sudden as scarcely to afford time to his Excellency to
direct the attention of the Kaffirs to the experiment—but
in those who were looking towards the spot and saw the
power exercised on a distant object, the surprise mani-
fested was amusing. " There,' exclaimed his Excel-
lency, "is a lesson to you not to meddle with ‘yaggons, as
you:see the power.' possess, should you. do SO; to punish
yeu."—South African Adler tiler.

ADDRESS TO THE MAYOR,

On Wednesday some hundreds of the merchants,
bankers, and inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood
of Liverpool, assembled in the Council-chamber, at the
Town-hall, for the purpose of presenting an address of
thanks to Thos. Berry Horsfall, Esq., Mayor, for the
exertions his worship had so recently and successfully
made to preserve the peace of the town. The address
contained 1200 signatures ; but there is very little doubt
that had it remained in the public rooms and. offices a few
days longerithe:number of signatures would, at least, have
been trebled. The address was presented by the Rev.
Rector Campbell, who willingly undertook the office, in
the unavoidable absence of Rector Brooks.
The Mayor occupied the chair in which he usually sits
during the proceedings of Council ; on his left sat William
Shuttleworth, Esq., the Town-clerk, and near him, Mr.
Dowling.

The Rev. Rector CAMPBELL opened the proceedings
in the following terms :
Mr. Mayor,—lt is with the greatest satisfaction that I
find myself chosen as the instrument, however unworthy,
of presenting to you, whom I have so long valued as a
personal friend, the address which I hold in my hand ;
conveying to you the cordial thanks of a large andinfluen-
tial body of your fellow townsmen, for the temperate
firmness you displayed during the late apprehended dis-
turbances, and expressing at the same time our devoted
loyalty to our Sovereign, and our firm attachment to
those monarchial institutions under which we enjoy, I
believe, as great a share of personal liberty as is consis-
tent with personal safety in the present state of human
infirmity. Prevented by my sacred profession from ten-
dering you any active assistance in the preservation of
public order, I nevertheless rejoiced unfeignedly at the
alacrity with which all classes of society sprung forth in
its defence at the call of public duty :
"With hearts resolved and hands prepared,
The blessings they enjoy to guard.' '
But as a preacher of peace I rejoice more unfeignedly that
although your precautions were wisely directed, their
services were not required ; and that the attempts to
influence the passions of the people, have signally failed.
It was, perhaps, to be expected that the successful efforts
of a neighbouring people to overthrow their government
should stimulate the hopes of the few amongst our peace-
able and orderly population who are the enemies of all
government. But this surely is a precedent we need not
follow; and while we cannot deny to other nations the
liberty of changing their institutions as often as they
privilege of preserving and improving chirawthAikiliPigr
ber'ng this, that social evils can only be cured by social
remedies. That free institutions are perfectly compatible
with the most disorderly licentiousness of national morals,
—that our besetting sins of luxury and extravagance in
the higher classes, and careless improvidence in the lower,
are not to be cured by forms of government, but by reli-
gious discipline and personal self control. One lesson of
practical wisdom, however, sir, we may all of us learn from
the " fears of change " which are now " perplexing
nations," and that is the mutual dependence of all classes
of society upon each other. "The bead must not say to
the foot I have no need of thee." The master and the
workmen are bound together by the tie of mutual interest.
If wealth is created by labour, labour is fed by wealth.
Without the labour of the workmen the capital of
the master will be less profitable ; without the capital
of the master the workman's labour is utterly value-
less, and his occupation gone. And above all, the
wealthier classes must not forget that their privileges are
given them by God, not for personal indulgence and selfish
enjoyment, but for the promotion of his honour and the
good of their fellow creatures in the sacred intercourse of
Christian charity. Apologising for the length of my pre-
fatory remarks, which, perhaps, may be justified by my
station and office, I proceed to read the address which has
been entrusted to my charge. [We published the address
in our last.]

The Rector's speech and the reading of the address were
frequently interrupted by loud applause.
The MAYOR replied in the following terms :—I thank
you. Mr. Rector, for the kind manner in which you have
introduced the presentation of this address. I am sure
that you will not consider it any disrespect to you if I offer
no observation in reply, it being, as I understand, the
custom on occasions like the present to abstain from offer-
ing any verbalobservations ; and it being likewise, I need not
tell you, more in accordance with my own feelings to ab-
stain from doing so. I will, therefore, read a reply to the
address I have just received—an address, the value of
which, I need not tell you, I prize mosthighly. (Applause.)
The MAYOR here read the following written reply, which
was enthusiastically received :
" Gentlemen,—The assurance of the esteem and respect of
my fellow-townsmen would, under any circumstances, be very
gratifying, but to receive that assurance, under the circum-
stances, and in the manner in which it is now conveyed to me,
I shall ever consider one of the most interesting events of my
life.

" I will not conceal from you, gentlemen, that the few days
to which you allude in that address was a period of much anx-
iety. Aided, however, as I was, by the whole body of the ma-
gistracy, and especially by the unwearied attention and able
advice of our stipendiary magistrate, Mr. Rushton, seconded,
as our efforts were, by the noble and spontaneous expression of
public opinion and public feeling on the part of the inhabitants
at large, I never entertained a doubt that any attempt to dis-
turb the peace of this town would have been effectually sup-
pressed. And most cordially do I join with you, gentlemen, in
referring, with the deepest gratification to recent events, as a
continued evidence of those feelings of devoted loyalty o the
sovereign, and of the love of good order, which have ever dis-
tinguished the town of Liverpool.
_ _ _

"But, gentlemen, whilst I thus gratefully acknowledge, on
behalf of the constituted authorities, the cordial assistance and
co-riperatiz n of every class of the community, and the equally
prompt-and decided manner in which the wishes and the orders
of the magistrates were en-Toned-out by the executive. I desire
also, to concur with you in acknowledging our entire depend-
ence on that divine aid, which alone effectually stilleth the
tumult of the people.
"Gentlemen, it only remains for me to thank you, as I do
most sincerely, and through you, those of my fellow-townsmen
whom you represent, for this very gratifying, though, I cannot
but feel, in a great degree, unmerited expression of your
thanks."

Loud applause followed the delivery of this address ;
and immediately after the deputation withdrew.

MR. CARDWELL AND THE INCOME TAX.

The following correspondence has taken place between
Mr. Maconald, the secretary of the Liverpool Confedera-
tion for the revision of taxes, and Mr. Cardwell,
_on the
subject of the memorial calling on the latter to resign
his seat on account of his vote on the Income Tax :
National Confederation Rooms,
Liverpool, March 18, 1848.
EDWARD CARDWELL, ESQ., M.P.
SIR,—I am directed by the Committee of this Confede-
ration to advise you, that in consequence of your late
opposition to a more equitable adjustment of Income
Tax, the electors of Liverpool, for whom the Confedera-
tion act in this matter, have felt themselves compelled,
by a sense of duty which they owe to their own interests
and to the interests of the trading classes of this kingdom,
to call on you to resign your office as one of their represen-
tatives in Parliament. It is scarcely necessary for me to
state to you that, as the Electors view it, the relation
between a Representative and his constituents, and the
identification of interest, should be entirely beyond a
question. The 'Electors of Liverpool have seen with
much regret that you do not recognise this duty or re-
sponsibility, but that considerations of a totally different
nature, as stated by yourself in one of your late speeches,
are made the foundation of your decisions. But they
cannot admit your right to disregard their sentiments or
their interests in a matter of so much importance to
them ; and entertaining this view of your duty to them,
they are sure they will be excused for declining a con-
tinuance of confidence in form, where none exists in
fact.

Under such circumstances it is presumed that it cannot
be your wish to retain the nominal representation of
Liverpool, and that you will gladly avail yourself of the
opportunity now afforded, of enabling the Electors to
choose an individual who may be more suited to their
views.

The requisition, calling on you to resign the representa-
tion of Liverpool, is forwarded by the train of this even-
ing to the Liverpool Office in London, to the care of Mr.
Wainwright. It was before the public for 40 hours, and
was signed within that short space of time by 7545 indi-
viduals. The requisition was intended to be by the Elec-
toral body alone, but, notwithstanding every precaution, it
has been found that many individuals have signed it who
were not on the Electoral list, but who are ratepayers and
payers of the Income Tax, and therefore could not be
restrained from conveying to you, through the medium of
the Requisition, their sense of the gross injustice which
the present law imposes in the principle of levying that
tax.

le names, and the num-
ber of non-Electors so signing may be estimated at about
1000, leaving 6545 Electors. It is indeed probable, from
the respectability of the parties, that the greater portion
of the 1000 non-electors are at this moment qualified to
vote—at least will be on the register for the ensuing year ;
but as they are not so now, they have, in the scrutiny,
been separated from the Electors. _

s been made o

In conclusion, I have to communicate to you the ex-
treme regret of this committee, that a connexion from
which much had been expected to the town of Liverpool,
should have been interrupted so speedily, and in a man-
ner so painful, and that nothing but the strongest sense
of duty could have induced them to be the medium of
communication with you in this matter. They shared in
the universal discontent with your opposition to an equi-
table adjustment of the Income Tax, and therefore fully
sympathised inthe steps taken by the Electors.

I shall be glad to be the medium of communication
for your acknowledgement of the receipt of the Requisi-
tion,—and I have the honour to be, Sir, very obediently
J. M. MACDONALD, Secretary.

Whitehall Gardens, 21st March, 1848.
MR. MACDONALD, SECRETARY, &C., NATIONAL
CONFEDERATION, LIVERPOOL.
have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter
and of the accompanying memorial, calling upon me, in
consequence of the vote I gave in the House of Commons,
on the 3rd instant, to resign my seat.
I receive the memorial with the respect which is due
from me to any document signed by so considerable a
number of the electors and inhabitants of Liverpool.
It is necessary, therefore, to review the obligations I in-
curred when I accepted the honourable responsibility I
am thus required to surrender.
I must be permitted to remind you that, in 1842, when
I entered Parliament, the first important question, on
which it became my duty to decide, was the imposition of
the Income Tax for three years in its present state. The
reasons advanced for its adoption were the necessity of
providing for a large deficiency of revenue left by the
former Government, and the importance of relieving trade
from several oppressive imposts.
At the expiration of the time so limited, not only had
these reductions of taxation been supplied by the devel-
opement of industry and the coosequealf4crease of.con-
sumption; but the revenue had recovered from a deficiency
of more than two millions,, and the yablie income was