The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-01-07 00:00:00

,nsion of flax culture, a

er is not, when compared with

the value of other crops. suncientiy tempting. _
acknowledged by all who have tried it to be an exhai

ing crop ; yet that of itself i., not a good objection to its
en ture, though it is an excellent reason for a farmer de-
clining, to grow it unless he can obtain such a price as will
__lpensate him for the usual expenses of culti-
fion,-but will also enable him to restore to the soil that

not only cc

fertility which the flax crop has removed
difference of wages gives the Irish manufacturer so great
an advantage over the manufacturer in the East Riding,
the extension of flax culture here is not likely to be very
rapid. But there are other eotnties in England whose
soil is equally well adapted for the growth of flax, and
where the establishment of flax works would be a great
boon to the unemployed labourers. In many, parts of
Essex and Suffolk, for instance, where labourer& witees

So long

certain seasons heavily burdened for the support of the
unemployed labourer, the soil is well adapted to the cul-
ture of flax. And it is very obvious that a lower range
of prices for corn- will make this crop and'• others of a
similar character, more worthy of the farmer's attention.

uarter than

Ts. much better paid with

find it to his interest

EQUITARL

to gross

ZS an acre

.een 40!

wheat at 60s. per
but if the future

and 505., Le may

st minute

and extensive investigations have been carried on during
a long period, in order to ascertain from statistical data
the relative degree of risk incident to lives at different
ages, and, under different conditions and circumstances,
nd Life. Assurance has thus been elevated into an exact
Je;, still little or nothing has been hitherto attempted
towards rendering the same service to the kindred busi-
ness of Insuring property against the risks of fire. In
the latter, every description of property has, for the pur-

•
pose of Insurance, been classified under three categories,,
the first including all property the risk of which from fire
is defined to be ordinary that under the second is similarly
defined as hazardous, and that under the third doubly
hazardous. Now as the risks incident to similar kinds of
property cannot, under different circumstances, be the
same, it is impossible that these definitions, and the clas-
sification which is founded upon them, can invariably
prove correct ; and, even if they should. the Fire Offices
have as yet collected no data, from which the relative
rates of premium which should be required for them, can
be correctly estimated. Hence the premiums as maned to
each class must of necessity be mere guess k, by
which, though the aggregate premiums of all the classes
may be found to satisfy the aggregate risks, there is no
certainty that each class pays only or fairly for its own.
The natural inference from such a loose system is that
they do not, and that to one, if not to two of them, much
injustice must unavoidably be done. The Equitable Fire
Office intend to apply a remedy (and the only one we are
aware of) to this very unsatisfactory state of things. It
intends to make an annual investigation into each class of
risk, and return to each class one half of what may be
found to have been the net excess of the premiums be-
yond the risk to have been actually incurred; and these
periodical returns will supply the data for determiningwhat
that risk is on the average, and the true premium equitably
payable for it. No process can be more correct for the
important object in view; and we trust that the public
will warmly support the Equitable Fire Office in carrying
it through, as it-is their own interest to do so, and be-
cause it will eventually lead to a reform in Life Assurance
by other offices also.

Jan. 7,1851.

CORRESPONDENCE.

LORD JOHN MANNERS.

! TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,
SlR,—From the letter of a very respectable gentleman
in the last week's STANDARD, it would appear that a
paragraph which has been going the round of the papers,
in which " Dr. Pusey, Mr. Keble, Lord J. Manners,
and other Tractarians," are represented as the leaders of
" the London Union," has excited some uneasiness in
the minds of his lordship's friends in this town. This is
perfectly natural : for it must be acknowledged that such
a paragraph is but little calculated to advance his cause,
if his friends have it in contemplation to bring him for-
ward again, when a vacancy may occur, as a candidate
for the representation of Liverpool. It can hardly be
doubted that the great body of the Protestants of this
town fully participate in the conviction so strongly enter-
tained, and so clearly expressed, by their fellow-Protes-
tants in other places, that—whatever may have been the
operation of other concurring circumstances, tending to
the same result—in the rise and progress of the Tracta-
rian system, by which so many of the clergy and laity
have been led to abjure their Protestant principles, and
to embrace Popery, the Pope has found his greatest en-
couragement, and his most powerful stimulus to the
recent aggression, which has roused into vitality and
energy those Protestant feelings and principles, which it
was, probably, hoped and thought had been effectually
lulled by Tractarian opiates.
It is well known that the society referred to was insti-
tuted for the purpose of promoting and strengthening the
Tractarian cause ; and it may be well for Liverpool Pro-
testants to give full weight to the fact, that Lord John's
reply to the inquiries of his alarmed and anxious friends,
instead of exonerating him from the imputation of being
associated with Dr. Pusey and Mr. Keble, as a•" leader
in that society, obviously implies an admission of its
truth. It merely states that he was not present at a par-
ticular meeting : it acknowledges• that he is still a mem-
ber of the society.
Lord John Manners writes and speaks with more cau-
tion and reserve than he was accustomed to do before he
was led (principally, be it remembered, by the Tractarian
party in this town) to aspire to the representation of Li-
verpool. But the fact that he was, and is still, associated
with Dr. Pusey and Mr. Keble ; the fact that his name
has been found united with those of the Puseys, the
Kebles, the Gladstones, the Coleridges, and other Trac-
tarian leaders, in protests, addresses, and various docu-
ments, which have from time to time issued from the
Tractarian camp ; and other facts, which might be ad-
duced, afford no very ambiguous indication as to the
channel in which his sentiments and sympathies flow.
The Protestants of Liverpool, after all that they have
lately said and done, will not receive as their representa-
tive any one in whom they cannot confide, as alike op-
posed to the Popery (the more dangerous Popery) within
the citadel of our Church, and the open Popery without.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,

BEWARE !

December 28th, 1850
[We have referred to the subject of this letter (the
writer of which is a gentleman of the highest respecta-
bility) in an article elsewhere.—En. L.S.]

THE AMERICAN LINE OF NEW YORK
STEAMERS.

TO THE EDITOR OP THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
SIR,—We hand herewith a copy of a letter which we
have addressed to the Manchester Guardian, you will
oblige us by admitting it into your columns/--Yours,.&c.,
BROWN, SHIPLEY, & CO.

Liverpool, Jan. 1, 1851

TO THE EDITORR OF THE MANCH/STER GUARDIAN.
Gentlemen,—We notice in your/paper of this day some
remarks on the United States mail steamers, wherein you
say " that the Pacific had be withdrawn from service
for the present, in order tha she may undergo extensive
repairs," and then you pro ed to comment on this un-
favourable state of matted. We do not blame you for
being misled by the Liierpool Albion; but, knowing-
your character fov justice; and your desire at all times to-
state what is correct, w 4 beg to inform you that there is-
not one word of truth n the statement.

It has been seen thit the•lower cabins in these steamers
take up unnecessary pace,.that might be more profitably,
employed by ,not er arrangement of the state-rooms,
and it has been d ermined that these alterations are to
be made in ail th boats.

The Pacific if the first boat in which the change is
making, and t is is the sole reason of her being with-
drawn from th 4 station for the present. She requires no
repairs, either( in her hull or machinery. The boilers are
not being renewed ; nor, as far as we have heard, has
there been the slightest ground for the statement that
they require repairs that need detain her in port a day.
We think it • more necessary to call your attention to
this, as it is intended to withdraw each boat from the line,
in rotation, for the same alterations.

Your obedient servants,
(Signed) BROWN, SHIPLEY, & Co.
Liverpool, Ist January, 1851..

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
SIR,—Mr. H. Hornby is reported to have said in Wed-
nesday's debate, in the council, that " He looked upon a
great deal of the alarm which had been excited on the
subject of the powder magazines as being very greatly
exaggerated, and he also considered that the alarm had
been promoted and got up by parties who had done it,
in the
-first-instance, from interested motives."

As I have lived in the vicinity of the magazines, and
had someexperiencerelating to them, and feelthe question,
locally, and as regards Liverpool, and the life and welfare
of her teeming population, to be one of unutterable
moment, I am bold to obtrude my name, with your
consent, into Your valuable columns.
Does Mr. Hornby mean that people ought not to be
alarmed at the presence of 14,000 barrels of gunpowder
close to their doors, or, that they are not alarmed but
only misrepresented as being so ? I cannot determine
what his words mean. But whatever sense be taken. Mr.
H. stated, very unwittingly; I am sure, what is untrue
and to some parties unjust.

With respect to the alarm •, on all sides I have been long
in the habit of hearing from friends and neighbours
expressions of the greatest apprehension; only last week I
lshecaandronboelec,le
antnhtdua tr
ontcehhdei
rltdsor
wet
hno
iusll
would lie,
udb j be eebet
y,n
apntaadrke ennntos from
obs
te a
mabat boarding
.
sons will be deterred from settling here, and many driven
from this locality, if the magazines remain where they
are. When I had the honour of a seat in council I urged
earnest attention to the subject, but unsuccessfully. That
is now five or six years ago. Two gentlemen, having con-
siderable property in the parish, were in council at the
time„but would not support my attempts, and remained
resisted but
silent throughout the discussion, so far were they frompermitting personal interests to sway their public conduct.
almhapveerssuaaiddemd ythefforts-failed,l why
vigorously so
° and
by -interested parties. Knowing the weight generally
very justly attached to Mr. Hornby's opinions, I desire to
accatninvoelty tell,
show that, in this instance, he is not entitled to exercise
and authority. The danger:is terrific, and hum
alarm cannot go beyond it. Agitation cannot be
lent.

tarn, sir,

too via

Respectfully,
Egremont, Jan., 64 1851. T. T. CLAZEBROOK

STOCK OF COTTON

IN LIVERPOOL, DEC. 3l;

American

Brazil .....
Egyptian ,
West India

261,234
68,613

32,182

91,947

454,879

These figures exhibit a discrepancy from the estimated
stork of about 80,000 bales—there being that number
more in stock. tha❑ was anticipated. A similar error, it
will be remembered, occurred last year.

AiLEGED z, SEDUCTION AND DESERTION BY A ROMISIX
STUDENT.—On Wednesday, a young country girl, of
considerable personal attractions, presented a letter to
Mr. Hardwick, at Marlborough-street. The letter, which
was from herself, implored his protection and assistance
in procuring her some situation, as she was unable to earn
a livelihood by honest means, having been induced, on
the 15tha November, to leave the house of her father,
Mr. Simons, late a clerk at the Derby Railway Station,
with Mr. L. L. de la Pessez, a young Spani ord, under the
promise of marriage, whichhe never fulfilled, but left her,
after they had resided together three days in London
since which time she had supported herself with the few
shillings she had, and by the sale of her clothes. She
had written to her father, but had received no answer. It
appeared from her statement, in answer to Mr. Hardwick,
that Pessez was in the Roman Catholic College at Derby,
kept by an Irish Roman Catholic Priest, named Sing.—
Mr. Hardwick at first thought of sending the young
woman to the House of Charity in Rose-street, for a
short time, but at ber request, consented to give her the
means of sending her to Derby, where she had relations
living. The applicant expressed herself very grateful, and
left the court in charge of an officer, to make the requi-
site arrangements.

EXTRAORDINARY FRACAS.—An opening dinner at the
Kingsbridge public rooms took place, says the Plymouth
Journal, on. Thursday last. A curious scene closed a good
dinner, good speeches, and singing. At twelve o'clock,
the chairman proposed as a finale that the National An-
them should be sung by the company, upstanding and
uncovered ; four of the party refused to stand up, after
being politely requested to do so by the chairman and
others. There were immediately loud cries of "stand
up ;" two of the parties refusing to do so, left the room ;
the two remaining who refused to comply wit h the wishes
of the company were Mr. Bignell, who supplied the din-
, ner, and a young man named Prowse, who attended the
dinner as the Kingsbridge correspondent of the Exeter
Gazette, to report the proceedings. The re was a cry of
" Turn them out." The confusion which arose at this
moment baffles description. Prowse was seized, dragged
out of the room, over the steps, and was sent headforemost
into the street. The parties who assisted in this loyal act
now returned to the room, and the National Anthem
commenced. Mr. Amiens Bigneli ,in defiance, still kept
his bat on. " Hats off !" was no a. the cry, and several
attempts were made by parties to take it off. Mr. Big-
nell, held it with both hands till a youthful son of Escu-
lapius aimed a smart blow at it, which knocked it in two
parts. Mr. Bignell still held the remaining portion to his
head until it was forcibly taken from him and torn to
atoms. The National Anthem was then sung, and the
party broke up. In the scuffling several coats were torn,
watch guards broken, &c., and the whole affair will shortly
be heard of more at length at the IC.ingsbridge County
, Court.

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