The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-02-10 00:00:00

in order the more effectually to gratify politicalvindic-
tiveness, or advance personal ambition, by obtaining the
applause of audiences willing to be misled under cover of

or teal, some of the speeches here more particularly re-
ferred to—and to which, it must be added, no one could
listen without'being struck with admiration at their bold-
ness, skill, and sustained energy—were scarcely recon-
cilable with that liberal and charitable interprtation of
the motives of opponents, which is one of the first duties

of nubile men to eaeh other. Nor has SirJatnes Graham,
while conducting his combats in this spirit, been at all
choice in the weapons he used. Any missive that came
to hand was hurled indiscriminately at the foe. No epi-

thet, however heavy its imputation (always, of con!

saving that it is parliamentary); no taunt. however bitter

whether to individuals, to p►rties, to
opinions, or even, to whole nations; no general charge,
however grave at against the pol,cy of a party, or however
damnatory of the motives of his opponents in their coun-
cils or their conduct ; and, fin3liy, no manoeuvre that
could by any stretch of license be accounted not incon-
sistent wita parlia,nentary honour, even to ti►e extent of

or exaspera

statements of oppon

i4tions or withholdings of justi

ieatory matter ;. no

such expedient, however
free public discussion, by which a temporary
could be won, or a rival for the hour put down,
rejected by Sir. James Graham from any delicacy of tem-
perament ; or from any high and fastidious sense of ho-
nnnr enoll au rains unme men from arasoinc..the vie-

was ever

•
mg which is the Englishman's boast, and which is covertly

the guiding principle in nil the debates in partial
" Cont(mpurary Orators," in Fraser's lilaaazine

E WAR BETWEEN

ORIGIN AND PROGRESS
BUENOS AaraDs AND MONTE VlDEo.—General Rivera
was the first President of the Banda Oriental. He was
eketed in 183.1, after the Orientates had got rid of the
Buenos Atrean and Brazilian armies. His terms of
office expired in 1835, and by his influence one of his offi-
cers, D. M, Oribe. was elect d his succe.oor. Rivera

had been no friend to Rosa.=, President of Buenas Ayres.
He had refused in 1831 to deliver up such of the Unita-
rians as had sought refuge in Monte Video. Oribe, on
the contrary, nut only pro4mibed those men at the re-
quest of Rbsas, but formed a plan for destroying the in-
dependence of his country by annexing to it the Argen-
tine Confederation. This was in 1836:. The naiional
party took the alarm, and Rivera. whom Oribe had at-

itt-Chief;. punting himself bt the head at.those disaffected
to the government, obtained possession. of the whole
country, except the lower towns of Monte Video and
Paysandie, to both of which he laid' seine about the
months. of August and September, 1838. Soon after

which. being accepted by the congress, he retired into

private life in Buenos Ayres. Rivera, was elected Pre-
sident in 1839; Orihe in the m- antima, having protested
formally against the validity of his.. act of abdication

Unhappily, the ne w Pre,i-dent wits persuaded by the
French, then blockading Buenos, to declare war against
Roses, under pretence that he hid abetted the intrigues
of Oahe ; hut in 1810, when tblt great power adjusted
its qwirrel, " nothing was done about the auxiliary war

&Jared by ara,nq, who was thus left to his own re-
sources and the effects of the folly which till French had
all but forced him to commit:'' Oribe thenceforward
entered the service of General Rosas, as,isting him i.O all

, .
Ur-agues republic, although ha wears the Buenos Arean
badge. of servitude, a portrait., of General Rosas, stitched
on his coat, on a red merino ground, surrounded by a
motto, " Death to the savages Uriitarianos." This is also
inscribed on the flag of the despot; which once, and we
hope once only, at the hoesa of a British minister, min-.
OA its folds with those of the banner of St. George:
Without this portrait, and this device no person in the
dominions of Rosas may enter a church, establish, a.
school, fill any public office, or serve in the army. Even
the Uraguay officers who have joined Oribe must tarnish
their honour by wearing it, or pay for the forfeit of their
lives. Oribe. then, :as Rosa's general, entered the Banda
Oriental; and of the horrors of that warfare General
O'Brien enables us to judge. He says. "At the time
that Oribe invaded, the Banda Oriental with the army and
the Masorca commissionets of Rosas, I was then residing
on my estate in the country. 1 am aware of wretches
being staked into the ground forty eight hours before
their heads were sawed, not cut o8'; of the lasso being
flung over person's necks, and then dragged by a horse
at full speed, until life became extinct ; of spikes being
driven into the mouths of human beings, and they, whilst
living, thus nailed to trees !" After various fortunes of
war, Rivera, in 1842. addressed a note to the govern-
ment of Roses, requiring him to abstain from marching
a fresh army into the Oriental territory. The Monte
Videans at this took heart, strengthened their defences,
enrolled their citizens, liberated and armed their slaves,
and prepared to resist the land and naval forces already
investing their city. But Rosas paid not the smallest at.
tention to the requirements of the representatives of
Britain. His troops marched on as before, and Mr. Van-
deville, fearful of having already exceeded his instruc-
tions, did not even lift up his voice in protest against this
insult to his Sovereign. Not so Commodore Purvis,
who, in the Alfred Frigate, had come from Rio Janeiro
to support, if need were, the representations of diplo-
macy, by a show of British guns. Thus have matters re-
mained up to the present year, when the British, and
French goveruments, undertaking at all risks to restore
the blessings of peace to the Banda Oriental, have sent
troops to compel the bands of Rosas to retire. This at
.their bidding he is unwilling to do, preferring to trust to
the natural defences of his country in the event of hos-
tilities with the two great powers.— WWI Magosine,