The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-10-22 00:00:00

laws, on the same parity of reasoning the form of a bird
may answer as well, yea better, train is greater similarity
to the winds acting, and rapidity of flight. Then let me
ask those men who have di awn so many to their opinion,
the reasrns on which those destructive principles are by
them established? Natimlists inform us that fishes, like
birds, perform their functions of speed through an inflat-
ing instinct acting on ani:nal nature, under the guidance
of a superior power, the machinery of which is far beyond
human ken; whereas a ship being an artificial body, sup-
ported by the density of an element inimical, and to which
it cannot Tie reconciled—an element always in motion to
relieve it from its inanimate. and pondor*us burthen—
which inanimate mass is propelled through the obstruction
of another element acting on expanded canvass, and that
at a considerable distance from the point of action, or the
vessel's displacement. Why, then,, will men fetch their
opinions from such discordant incongruities, when com-
mon observation, and a few prac.ical experiments, would
ma'•:e them wiser? The neglect of these necessary re-
searches blinds them to the true principles of floating
bodies. _ _ _

The first maxim with wise and judicious men is to im-
! prove on the works of others, or by drawing solid
infor-
mation from the experience of practical men, ever an ad-
;
vozate for system, yet this at times must give way to na-
tural or practical genius; for it is an established fact, that
our best formed merchant veseels, qualified for every pur-
pose—vessels that sit on the water, light or load, as if in
their own element, possessing the seaman's confidence as
to their safety under every circumstance, are built by men
of practical knowledge, whose only science is a common
understanding to discern between a good or a had quality,
and apply them with truth to the best advantage,—who in
theory cannot give a why or a wherefore as a cause that
their vessels excel. In this one thing they are confident,
which is, that the only place for a ship's cargo is round
the centre of her capacity ; and experience has taught
them that this point should ever be at or near her half-
. length, which alone can relieve the vessel from labouring
or straining in a sea. Having thus briefly shown that the
natural position for the main transverse bection (dead flat)
should be at or near the vessel's half-length, it remains
for me in my next to demonstrate its principles, seeing it
would occupy too much of your columns for one inser-
tion. I shall therefore conclude by giving some useful
information. First, a very easy method whereby may be
known the safety-weight that may be put into any vessel,
whatever may be her form. Take the length of the keel,
as by the old measurement, from ehich deduct three-
fifths of the main breadth, which sum multiply by the ex-
treme breadth ; then take the depth of the hold at the side
of the keelson, to the under side of the deck in mid-
ships at the fore part of the main hatch, deducting from
the throat of the floor the thickness of the ceiling; also
take the distance from the middle line at the lower part of
the deck, to the roundest part of the bulge, allowing only
the thickness of the ceiling ; add these two depths toge-
ther, the half of which becomes the multiplier as the
depth in the hold ; the whole sum divided by 94 will show
the vessel's burthen in tons.
In my last some observationswere made as to the breadth
of vessels, and as something like a standard may be of use
to young men entering on ship-drawing, a scale for breadth,
depth, draught of water, and length and height of wing
transom, may be acceptable. Take a piece of cartridge
paper, 42 inches in length by 10 inches wide, at one inch
from the lower edge •' run in pencil a line 36 inches in
length, as a base line ; below this run in two others, a quar.e
ter of an inch apart ; divide the space between the base
line and first, into quarters of inches, being 144 parts or
feet ; run up. through the paper perpendiculars at every
fifth quarter, as 5, 10. 5, 20, &c.; set up on the perpendi-
cular at 45, from the base line 5 as the half-length of the
wing transom, also 9+ as the draught of water from the
rabbet of the keel, 10i the height of the wing transom, 12
as the depth from the rabbet of the keel to the rlaosheer,
and 16 as the main breadth, viz. 45 feet the vessel's
length at her load line, 54 feet the half-length of the wing
transom, 91 feet as draught of water at the stern post from
the rabbet of the keel, 10-1 fee t the height of the wing
transom from the rabbet, 12 feet as the depth in midship
from the rabbet of the keel to the olansbeer, and 16 feet
as the extreme breadth. Also, set up on the perpendicu-
lar of 144, as the half-length of the wing transome 11 feet,
lBi feet as the draught of water at the rabbet of the stern
post, 21+ feet as the height of the wing transom, 2:11 feet
as the depth in midships from the rabbet of the keel to the
gunwale, and 321 feet as the extreme breadth ;
.through
their correspondent spots, from 45 to 144, run straight
lines, which will give the necessary information at any
given length on the scale, being calculated for every ves-
sel, small and large, to set by the stern one foot. Exam-
ple ; suppose a vessel about to be built of about 285 tons
old measurement, the nearest length at her load line would
be 102 feet; run up on your scale at this length a perpen-
dicular, when it will show, 9 feet for the half-length of the
wing transom, 141 feet from the rabbet of the keel at the
stern post as the draught of water, giving at the stem 13i
feet, 16 feet 8 inches as the height of the wing transom,
and 19 feet es the depth from the rabbet of the keel to the
gunwale in midships, thus showing a scale embracing all
those properties from a 50 ton vessel to a ship of 700 tons ;
and if necessary the scale may be extended to any size
ship.—l am, sir, &c.

JOHN COCK.

Pembroke Dock, 12th Oct. 1844.

SELECT VESTRY.-TUESDAY.

The usual reading of the minutes of the last meeting
and of the various committees, by the Secretary, having
been gone through, he presented the report of the ex-
penditure of in and out-door poor, by which it appeared
there were, for the week ending sth October, 1,650
paupers in the house, who cost ls. 1 lid. per head,—
amount, £159 16s. 10d.; for the corresponding week of
last year the number was 1,657, at an expense of Is. 7d.
per head, and £l3l ss. 24. in money.
The out-door cases relieved during the last fortnight
were 6,573, athounting to £738 2s. 2d., which were 82
cases and £ll 14s. 10d. in money less than at the same
time last year.

The sick-list showed an increase of four fever cases
and two of smallpox more than last week ; whilst the
opthalmic report is about the same as it then was, and
there are only five patients at present in the house
afflicted with that complaint.
Considerable time of the Board was taken up discuss-
ing an extra bill of £790 15s. brought in by the con-
tractors for the industrial School, the settlement of
which, however, was deferred, until an engagement bad
been entered into with them to leave the questiou of the
quantity of bricks used on the building to the decision of
some competent person

The return, as moved for by Mr. A. Henderson, was
presented, and was as follows :

Average number of paupers in the house, from March, 1841,
to March, 1842, was 1,778, during which time there were
16 paid officers.
Average number from March, 1842, to March, 1843, 1,943,
and 26 paid officers.
Average number from March, 1943, to March, 1944, 1,758,
and 28 paid officers.
Average number from March, 1844, to the present time,
1,654, and 29 paid officers.
Mr. BREMNER postponed, until the next meeting,
his motion for the appointment of a committee to take
into consideration the propriety of purchasing the land
in front of the Industrial School.
Mr. THoIiaNELY moved for the following, viz., a re-
turn of the names, duties, and salaries, of all the paid
officers in the Parish-offices for the years 1841, 42, 43,
and 44 ; for 1841 ending the 25th March 1842, and so
on in each year successively, and for the current year
from the 25th March to the Ist October.
Contracts were enters 1 into with Messrs. John Mack-
arell and Sons, for the fitting up the Industrial School
with desks, platforms, &c., according to plans and spe-
cifications, for the sum of £358 ; and with Mr. Holgate,
for the cooking apparatus, for the sum of £B4.
The Board adjourned at a quarter-past one o'clock.

PROPOSED COMMISSIONERS FOR WALLASEY

PARISH.

On Thur-day last, a public meeting of the ratepayers and
landowners of the parish of Wallasey was held at the King's
Arms Inn, in Wallasey, to consider the heads of a proposed bill
—to be applied for to parliament if approved—for the or pose
of electing a Board of Commissioners to govern and improve
the township. The attendance •was very numerous, including
ratepayers, and owners of land in the parish, from Liverpool
and elsewhere.

The Rev. Dr. BYRTH, who occupied the chair, said, in effect,
that he came not so much to advocate or recommend the pro-
posed measure, as to hear it demonstrated and explained by
those who had given it t eir attention, and hoped the subject
would be discussed without allowing temper or prejudice to
interfere. He then read the report, which was afterwards ex-
plained in detail by the next speaker.
H. WINCH, Esq., said that for some time past many indivi-
duals in the parish had been of opinion that its local govern-
ment was net adequate to the altered state of affairs, and
thought that great advantages would accrue from the election
of a Board of Commissioners, with pow. r to carry out improve-
ments, and protect the rights of the public. The leading 'fea-
tures of the scheme were the el. ction of Commissioners, with
powers similar to those of the Commissioners of Birkenhead ;
and the establishment of a more efficient police force, there
being now, by the Constabulary Act, nly one constable for the
whole parish. It was proposed that the Commissioners shou d
have power to light and sewer such parts of the palish as re•
quired it,And to raise a rate for that purpose from such portion
only as should he benefitted : also power to take on lease ferry,
or ferries, the working of which would be a vantageous to the
parish—without, however, interfering with the right of existing
ferry companies. From the advantages deriv. dby Birkenhead
from their fe ry, he thought such a measure would be considered
unobjectionable. It was also proposed hereafter to erect a pub-
lic market. the period of its erection to be left to the Commis
sioners. The rate proposed to be called for would not be (as
rumoured) 4s. 60. in the pound, but Is. 6d. only, unless with the
content of two-thirds of the ratepayers; and at pres.nt the
surveyors of highways had power to lay a rate of 10d. in the
year. His only object in taking any part in the propose 1 mea-
sure was to benefit the inhabitants at large. _

Major FLETCHER designated the measure as one got up in
secret, and total y uncalled for.
The Rev. - MAINWARING, of Brombro, proposed (in effect,
the adoption of the Report, which was seconded by,Mi.. MEA-
DOWS. .

Mr. BANNER moved as an amendment that the subject be
postponed for twelve months.
Mr. U. HILL seconded the amendment.
Sir EDWARD CUST strongly objected to the measure, as inap-
plicable to the rural district of the township of Wallasey. He
had no objection to its being applied to the more populous
townships, provided the inhabitants thought proper to adopt it,
but as to its being extended to the township of Wallasey. he at
once told them the measure should have every opposition he
could give it, both to Parliament and out of it. The Hon. Batt.
suggested the propriety of uniting Poulton and Seacombe with
the township of Birkenhead, as, he said, the fact of the new
docks being about to be made rendered such a proceeding ad-
visable (cheers and hear).
Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. RAWLINS, and Mr. H. T. LITTLEDALL
spoke in favour of the measure. After which, Mr FORD pro-
posed as another amendment, that the further consideration
of the subject be postponed until that day fortnight.
This was adopted by the meeting, after which the as'embly
separated.

- -
Her Majesty has appointed Monday next for the open-
ing of the new Royal Exchange, London.

LOCAL AND PROVINCIAL NEWS.

R. S. Stantley, Esq., collector of excise for Newcastle
and neighbourhood, has been promoted to take charge of
the collection of excise at Liverpool.
DINNER AT THE TOWN-HALL.—The Mayor will give
the last of his civic banquets, at the Town-ball, on the
31st instant.

EMBEZZLEMENT.—On Friday, Henry Carnall, travel-
ler to Mr. Harrison, of Sir Thomas'-buildings, absconded
with about £6O, and has not since been heard of. He is
a young man, about twenty-nine years of age, and of
good address.

• THE COUNCIL.—A special meeting of the Town Coun-
cil has been convened for Wednesday next, to determine
upon the laying of the annual fire-police:rate, and to con-
sider a communication made to the mayor urging the
council to close the public markets at an earlier hour.
AMERICAN PACKETS.—A new line of packets, consist.
ing of the St. George, (1,000 tons,) Pacific, (800 tons,)
and Seymour. (1,000 tons,) is about to be established bt-
tween New York and this port. The St. George was to
sail on the Bth instant.

On Thursday an elegant and impressive sermon a-ai
preached by the Rev. G. B. Bloomfield, M A., Canon
of Chester, in behalf of the Liverpool branch of the so-
ciety for the propagation of the gospel in foreign parts ;
after which £25 was collected.

At a numerous meeting of the electors of St. Paul's
Ward on Thursday night, it was unanimously resolved to
bring forward Robert Broadhurst Hil,, Esq., as the Con-
servative candidate for that ward at the ensuing municipal
election, in the place of Joshua Edwards, Esq., who
has declined again to come forward.
NORTH AND SOUTH WALES BANK-A branch of this
banking company is about to be opened at Birkenhead,
►and having already been purchased for the erection of
a bank. Another banking company, also in connexion
with Liverpool, is about to open a branch in this im-
proving township.

Sr. PETER'S WARD.—At a meeting of the radicals
in this ward on Thursday, it was determined to bring for-
ward Mr. Thomas Bolton to contest this ward. Mr.
R. S. Henderson is the conservative candicLte, and is too
deservedly popular to allow the slightest fear of his re-
election.

NEW MAGISTRATFS FOP. BIRKENREAD.—A letter
from the Earl of Stamford and Warrington to Mr.
Charles H. Watson, of Birkenhead, announces' that
William Jackson and William Potter, Esqrs. have been
appointed by the Lord Chancellor to the commission of
the peace for the county palatine of Chester.
FATAL ACCIDENT AT BIRKENHEAD.—OR Tuesday
week, a workman, named Tynan, fell from the top of a
building now in course of erection by Mr. Headon, of
Birkenhead. He was taken to the infirmary, where he
died on Saturday last from the injuries. The inquest
was held on Friday, and a verdict returned of " accidental
• death."

CHRISTENING FESTIVITY.—On Tuesday a select
party assembled at Willow-bank, the residence of Richard
Maspratt, Esq., to celebrate the birth of a son and 'heir.
The ceremony of christening, which was performed at
Newton Church, derived ,no ordinary interest from the
presence of Professor Justus Liebig, who was one of the
sponsors.

ATTEMPT TO ROB.—On Saturday, an athletic fellow,
named Walsh, was brought before Mr. Rushton, on a
charge of having attempted to rob Mr. Ellis Jones, sur-
geon, of Islington, of his watch, as the later was crossing
London-road the previous evening, on his return from a
professional visit. The prisoner was sentenced to impri-
sonment for three months.

•
FRAUD BY A CAR. DRIVER.—On Thursday Mr. Evan
Williams, car-owner, preferred a charge against John
Hughes, late a car-driver in his employ, for embezzling
the sum of 10s. 6LI. It appeared the prisoner bad taken
the bill to the gentlemen who hired the car, reuived the
money, and appropriated it to his own use. He was com-
mitted for trial.

The Earl of Ilchester, who was one of the committee
of the Upper House of the Birkenhead Dock bill, visited
Birkenhead on Monday, and after inspecting the various
public works in progress there, lunched with W. Potter,
Esq. He was accompanied by his son, Lord Stavordale,
and both the noble lords expressed themselves greatly
pleased with what they had seen.
ANOTHER FATAL COLLISION.—The Elizabeth, Cap-
tain Brown, arrived at this port on Wednesday, from St.
John's, New Brunswick, reports having been in collision
with the schooner Emma, Captain Kemp, said to have
been from the coast of Morocco, on the 12th instant off
the Fawcett-rock. The schooner immediately sank, but,
with the exception of the cook, the crew were saved.—
The only passenger on board was also saved. The wea-
ther was rough and dirty at the time.
BEER• SELLERS FIN ED.—At the Police-court, on Fri-
day. several beer-sellers appeared to answer summonses
for infractions of the local act regulating their trade, and
chiefly for selling after the prescribed hour at night, en-
tertaining drunken and disorderly persons, or both offen-
ces combined. Ann Onion was for the former offence
fined 20s. and costs. John Connor, of Downe-
street, for selling at one o'clock in the morninz was fined
40i. and costs. The defendant had since May, 1843. been
fined to the amount in all of £3l lie. 6d. ; and it was
ordered tnat his securities should be proceeded against
for the present penalty.
RORDERILS.—On Saturday, at• the Police court, Benj.
Powell was committed for trial, charged with having
stolen a bolt of vanvas, the property of Messrs. Marriott
and Co. On the same day, Margaret Hughes and John
Bain were also committed, on a charge of having stolen
a quantity of earthenware from Cleveland-square Market,.
Same day, two abandoned females, named Catherine Gal-
lagher and Mary Robinson, were similarly dealt with—
the-former for having robbed James Stang of £ll and his
watch, and the latter for having robbed Thomas Hall of
£9. Another female, named Susan Shields. and a man
named George Chadwick, were committed for trial on a
charge of robbing Moses Kincaid, cook of the ship Bel-
mont, of £9.

CHARGE OF CHILD MURDER.-011 Friday, Elizabeth
Gurnell was charged before Mr. Rushton with concealing
the birth of her male child. The prisoner, who is a
cripple, being suspected, denied that she had been de-
livered, but a surgical examination afterwards took place,
which confirmed the fact. A search was made, and the
body of a full grown male infant was found hidden in the
cellar, and the surgeon, Mr. Nottage, gave it as his
opinion that it had died of congestion of the brain, pro-
duced by a blow on the head. The coroner's jury returned
a verdict of " Died of congestion of the brain, but in
what manner it was produced there was no evidence."
Mr. Rushton considered the case a strong one, and
remanded the prisoner for a day.
BONDING IN MANCHESTER.—We believe we'rnay now
say that all that depends upon either the corporation of
Manchester, or the authorities of the custom-house here,
to prepare for the introduction of bending into Man-
chester, has been done, and that every thing is now in a
state readiness to commence immediately. We under-
stand that several buildings have been licensed as bonding
warehouses ; and, the corporation have adopted a tariff of
town dues upon the various commodities to be bonded,
and also fixed a rate to be paid to them by the owners
of bonding warehouses ; from which sources a fund will
be raised for the purpose of defraying the salaries and ex-
penses of the staff of customs officers, all of whom are
now at their posts at the custom-house in Mosley-street.
We have not heard of any goods 13,ine, as yet, actually
bonded, but believe that notice has been given of a quan-
tity of wine, on its way hither, for that purpose.-31 an-
chest er Gun, dian.

On Wednesday the beautiful and costly diving appara-
tus, which has been provided by the public spirited direc-
tors of the Steam-tug Company, was put into requisition
for the recovery of a large piece of copper, weighing be-
tween two and three hundred weight, which fell into the
Prince's Dock while being conveyed on board Messrs.
Royden and Kendall's ship The Duke, about to sail for
Calcutta. Every eff rt to recover the copper by means
of the ordieary grappling irons had been tried in vain.
The first man who descended by means of the apparatus
ascertained its situation, but could not succeed in mak-
ing it fast to the rope lowered for the purpose. The se-
cond having had more experience quickly effected the ob-
ject, and the prize was hauled up, greatly to the admira-
tion of the large crowd of persons who had been attracted
to the spot by the novelty of the operation. The appara-
tus was worked on hoard the vessel, under the skilful
superintendence of Mr. Arthur, the manager of •the
Steam-tug Company.

DINNER AT GI.EAVE3 HOTEL, WOOngll7.—lt will he seen by
an advertisement in another column, that a dinner will be given
on Wednesday next, the day of laying of the foundation
stone of the new docks, at this commoulous hotel. The room
in which the dinner will be held is exceedingly well adapted for
the affair, a d the preparations are on such a scale as bid lair to
be surpassed by none. There c,nbe no doubt. but that it will
be well attended for the general satisfaction affairs of nis kind
have hitherto given, and the ae,rnwledged talent of the worthy
host as a c- serer are sure to secure the Patronage of those who
enjoy a good dinner.

R OBOERY OF COFFEE.—The warehouse ofMr. Chesney. grocer,
Commutation-row, was broken into on Monday night last, and
a large quantity of coffee stolen. The thieves effected an en-
trance by means of a ladder, which was :eft upon the premises.
The ladder was ides tified as that taken from Finch-street, by
two men, who were seen walking with it in the dir ctinn of Mr.
Chesney's shop. Fart of the coffee was fc and afterwards in the
possession of two men in B ck Leeds-street. When seen by
the officer they dropped the coffee and e• caped. Daniel Jones
and Samuel Albertson, the men seen in I ossession of the ladder,
were taken int.-) custody.

DIRECTORY OF TILE TOWNSHIP OF BIRKENHEAD.—If one
circumstance more than another ten's to shew the rapid increase
and importance of Birk nhead, it is the announcement, in our
pamphlet of this day, that a "DIRECTORY" of the township,
will shortly be ready for publication, by Mr James Law, the en-
terprising bookseller, of Waterloo Buildings, in that town.
That such a work should already be in requisition sufficiently
indicative of the great interest taken in the progress and
prospects of that thriving locality; and from what we know of
the publisher, we entertain no doubt but the informati•.n it will
contain will be at once copious and correct. The great public
works going on, and the accumulation of property and varied
interests in the town and neighbourhood will render this book
a most desirable medium, in its outer pages, for advertisements
of Insurance Agents. Prospectuses of Hotel proprietors, and
announcements of the professional and trading communities
generally.

OPENING DINNER AT THE CEOSS KEYS, REGENT STREET.—
On Thursday evening weak, a number of gentlemen sat down
to an excellent dinner at the above inn, which was got up in a
s yle that conferred great credit upon the worthy host and
hostess. The chair was very ably filled by Mr. Skane, of the
Rotunda Inn, who cont. ibuted greatly to the harmony of the
evening; and if the general good feeling that prevailed be
taken as an earnest of the future, it augurs well for the prospects
of Mr. Unsworth. The first toast of the evening was "The
Queen." which was followed by "Prince Albert and the Royal
Family," " The Town and Trade of. Liverpool," &c., which were
drunk with three times three. The wii es were of exce ent
quality. After the healths of the Chairman, Vice-Chairman,
the worthy Host and Hostess, and several of the gentlemen
present had been drunk, and very appropriately responded to.
the company separated, highly gratified with the attention paid
to them by their much respected host, Mr. Unsworth.