The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-06-17 00:00:00

g•• Passengers leelie Trains can select any of the under
mentioned eve for return, but it is absolutely necessar that they fix ofie of them. so flnt.

the Ticket-book.aridWri their Ticket,
commodation may be provided. Tick
day for which they are dated, and Aze..,...,
issue tickets to any persons unless they fix tt
the time of purchasing the same. Pa
of their own Lugga,e, as neither th
will be responsible for Coe !oss Of tl

be noted in

order that proper ac

s can only pass on the
:e requested not to
of return at

's mast take charge
my nor Conductor

The RETURN TRAINS will leave the Ruston Station, Eus-
ton-square, London, on the Evenings of MONDAY, June 23d
and 30th, and July 7th ; WEDNESDAY, June 18th, 25th, and
July 2d and 9th; FRIDAY, June itith; 27th, apd July 4th, at a
Quarter before Seven each Evening.

Tickets, Bills, and every information can be obtained at the
Railway Stations on the Line, or of HENRY R. MARCUS,
Manager and Conductor of Excursion Trains to the London
and North Western Railway Company, 19, LEIGH•STREET,
LIVERPOOL.

MI Tickets for the above Trips must be taken at least Two
IVA liernre the no:m:1H nrn Al tl.n

Also, in connection with the above, EXTRAORDINARY
CHEAP DAILY EXCURSION from L')NDON TO PARIS
kND BACK, via Southampton and Havre, for 7'lrenty-four
Vhillinga !
Mr. MARCUS re.npettullv intimates to I,cis anr'

Is frienc... ,ne
Nall Western and

le Excursion
FIFTEEN

Et trra tur

NOTICE.

Calculations and Tables of Corresponding Equivalents,
at different Rates of Exchange, of American Im-
ports and Exports. London : 17, Lower Eaton-
street, Eaton-square.
We have looked very carefully through this work, and
do not remember having met with anything so useful to
importers, exporters, and dealers in every description of
goods sold in or imported from the United States. By
the elaborate calculations made here, a merchant may at
once see the result of any operation on the receipt of the
prcie sold at, and the rate of exchange, without troubling
himself with long lines of figures. There is also afforded
a mass of very valuable statistical information and com-
mercial forms. The detailed history of the cotton mar-
kets here and in the United States, is very valuable and
elaborate. We observe amongst the list of subscribers
the names of the most distinguished merchants in this
country, the United States, and other countries, a satis-
factory proof of their appreciation of its usefulness.

VARIETIES.

There are above 20,000 lawyers in the United States, of

whom 4,374 belong to New York.
WILD CHASE.—A loud rushing noise was heard com-
ing on like a hurricane. This was a large troop of pallah
pursued by a pack of wild dogs : they passed our camp in
fine style within a hundred yards of us. and in two minutes
the wild dogs had caught two of the pallahs, which my
Bechuanas ran up and secured. A pallah in passing my
camp cleared a distance of fifty feet in two successive
bounds, and this on unfavourable ground, it being very
soft and slippery.— A Hunter's Life in South Africa.
QUEEN VICTORIA.—The first_ act of her Majesty's

-queenly life was writing a letter of condolence to the be-
ieaved Adelaide. Her Majesty wrote the letter sponta-
neously, and, having finished it, folded and addressed it
to " Her Majesty the Queen." Some one at hand men-
tioned that the superscription was incorrect, for that the
letter oruht to be addressed to " Her Majesty the Queen
Dowager." "I am quite aware," replied Victoria, "of
leer Majesty's altered position, but I will not be the first
to remind her of it !"—Lady's Newspaper.
THE GREAT ITALIAN PAWNSHOP.—The Monte di Pieta
was established in Rome in 1585. It is the greatest
pawnbroker's shop in the world. Any person who takes a
pawn can borrow from sixpence to thirty crowns without
paying any interest; but all that is lent above that sum
pays two per cent. per annum. At the end of the year
the borrower may renew without any expense; but at the
end of two years, if the pledge be not redeemed, nor in-
terest of the money paid, the pledge is sole, and the over-
plus of the debt is laid by for the owner, who has it in his
power to demand it at any time within one hundred years.
THE RUINS OF MEMPHIS.—At last not only the pre-
cise situation but some of the ruins of this renowned city
of ancient Egypt has been discovered. At the last sitting
of the Academy of M.,ral and Political Sciences of Paris a
paper was read from M. Marlette, a gentleman charged
with a literary and scientific mission of the French Go-
vernment in Egypt, in which he stated that having caused
excavations to be made at the spot on which Memphis
stood, he found, at a depth of from two to twelve yards,
several monuments of Egyptian and Grecian architecture,
and amongst them the Serapeum mentioned by Strabo.
Having had the avenue leading to the latter cleared, M.
Marlette discovered a considerable number of statues

ranged in a semicircle and representing the Sphynx and
all sorts of Grecian and Egyptian figures. Accompanying
the communication of M. Mariette were drawings of
the discoveries. The statues are described as of great
beauty ; and will, it is expected throw great light, not
only on Egyptian art, but on Egyptian history also. It
is needless tosay that the important announcement of M.
Mariette caused the liveliest interest ; and the Academy
at once resolved that M. Guizot as its president, and M.

Walckenner the perpetual secretary, should in its name
be deputed to request the Ministers of Public Instruction
and Foreign Affairs to award to M. Marlette pecuniary
means for continuing his excavations. The Ministers un-
hesitatingly made the promise that the French Govern-
ment would find all needful funds, and afford the enter-
prising and intelligent discoverer every assistance in its
power.—Literary Gazette.
MR. S. M. PET°, 111. P.—There was a divine who used
to say, when preaching to the youths of his congregation,
" beware of being golden apprentices, silver journeymen,
and copper masters;" and with a like motive it may not
be useless to mention that Mr. Peto, who only forty-two
years of age, left school at the early age of fourteen ; and
being apprenticed to his uncle, Mr. Henry Peto, the
builder, worked three years at the bench, used the trowel
for a year, and passed the remaining three years of his ap-
prenticeship at the mason's banker. When he was little
more than twenty-one. his uncle died, and left his busi-
ness and his capital jointly to him and to Mr. Thomas
Grissell, also a nephew. Their first work was Hungerford
Market, their second the new Houses of Parliament,—
afterwards placed wholly in the hands of Mr. Grissell.
+be Rers- ~"--taad and Cam
cry oues . teuuneuae, LIM 1./Ai --
bridge Clubhouse, the Model Prison at Clerkenwell, and
many other large structures : the St. James's Theatre was
completed by them in thirteen weeks. Tney also entered
• very largely into railway works, and to these, after the
dissolution of the partnership, Mr. Veto confined his at-
tention : we may mention more especially the Eastern
Counties line, the line from Ashford to Folkestone, the
Southampton and Dorchester, the Oxford and Birming-
ham, and, in conjunction with Messrs. Betts, the whole of
the Great Northern line north of Peterborough. When
we say that there were employed on his works at one
time 10 first-class locomotive engines, 2,3'0 waggons, 916
horses, and 14,800 men, some idea may he gained of their
great extent, and of the energy and power required to
keep all well in hand. There are many excellent traits
recorded of Mr. Peto, but for none does he deserve more
honour than for his continued and enlightened efforts to
raise the character of the large bodies of men engaged un-
der him. Mr. Peto has earned for himself a great reputa-
tion for enlarged views anti liberality, and has shewn how
much we may advance our own interests by attending to
the interests of others.—The Builder.
THE CLAQUEUR SYSTEM.—The system of calling on
the principal performers after the play or opera, and half
smothering them with bouquets, is a recent importation
from the Continent, and looks more like a mockery. Not
unfrequently the call originates with half a dozen boys in
the gallery, for the mere fun of the thing. I once saw at
the end of " The Gamester," Mrs. Beverley, Beverley,
Slukeley, and Lewson, successively called Gut and dis-
missed with the usual gratulations. As the last was dis-
appearing, a wag shouted out, " Send on Bates and Daw-
son." I could have given him a shilling, or an order, for
the truth and keenness of his satire. The vice of this prac-
tice lies entirely with the audience, who would do well to
abolish it. Sometimes when the call is equivocal, or op-
posed, which always prolongs the nuisance, the actor is
placed within the horns of a dilemma. He neither wishes
to appear obtrusive, in presenting- himself too soon, nor
disrespectful in abstaining altogether. On the first night
of a new play, on a benefit, or a last appearance, the prac-
tice is legitimate and seasonable ; at all others it becomes
ridiculous, and makes the " judicious grieve." The ab-
surdity appears the more glaring when the favourite has
just been despatched by bowl or dagger, and lay stiffened
out, as the curtain fell, in the imitation of death. For-
rest, the American tragedian, when shouted on after act-
ing in " The Gladiator," came forward, streaming with
rose-pink vice blood, resembling a raw-head-and-bloody-
bones, which made the ladies feel squeamish, while the
little children yelled with terror. The claqueur system
has not yet arrived with us at the full-blown perfection it
has reached in Paris. But it has been tried ever and
anon, and sometimes with suitable effect. A few years
ago a new play was produced at one of the leading London
theatres by a very popular author, and on the falling of
the curtain the hero of the night was loudly demanded.
He complied, bowed gracefully, and crossed the stage
under a volley of bouquets, real and artificial, which
strewed the verdant carpet like the dead and dying on a
field of battle. The stage servants gathered them up,
brought them into the green-room, and asked the mana-
ger, who was reclining on the sofa, and loved not his lead-
ing man, what he was to do with them. " Take them to
Mr. —," said the potentate, " t hey are meant for him."
" Leave them in the property-room." whispered a sly
comedian ; " they came from thence."—Dub. Magazine.
PITCAIRN'S ISLAND.—The population of this island is

. .
—males, seventy-seven ; females, seventy-nine; making
a total of one hundred and fifty-six. There are twenty
married couples, fifteen males unmarried, between the
ages of sixteen and twenty-five, and eleven females be-
tween the same ages ; one widow, Susannah, a Tahitian,
who came in the Bounty (Young's widow, who cut off
the Tahitian's bead, Tetihito, when he was asleep). There
is only one instance of twins, one of whom I saw married.
The great drawback to the women not marrying more
than they do, is chiefly on account of the extra work
which falls upon them ; and also, as some of them told
me, on account of there not being enough land on the
island to support their families. Hard times, inked I.
The women generally wear a petticoat from the hip down-
wards, and over that a loose gown, often with a handker-
chief thrown loosely over their shoulders. A wreath of
flowers round their heads denotes their being unmarried.
Their hair is worn in bands, with what was, to my eye,
an incomprehensible knot. The men always wear short
trousers, the legs of which are cut off six inches above the
knee. A shirt and a bat or cap complete their costume.
On Sunday the men and women are very particular about
their dress, which particularly was even extended to our-
selves, for they sent us white shirts (we generally wore
coloured ones), requesting we would put them on to go to
church in. Children generally run about until they are
two years old in a state of nature. The men are, generally
speaking, well formed and muscular, standing rather above
the uusal height. The women are neither tall nor short,
but inclined to be rather stout, with a fine skin ; some of
them very fair, while others are as dark as Spaniards.
Both men and women have fine teeth, especially the latter.
The children come very early to the use of their limbs. I
have seen one of those little imps walking about at the
age of ten months, and was assured that he bad been able
to walk two months previously. Quarrels and swearing
are unknown amongst these islanders, who are as on
large family bred up together they are, in point of fact,
upon all more or less related to each other, and look each
other more as brothers and sisters than anything else.
The children appeared to be more nursed by their rela-
tions than by their mothers, which makes it often difficult
to distinguish the married from the unmarried. When.
ever any passenger, captain. or boat's crew remain on
shore all night, each individual is received into a different
house for the night,—an excellent plan, as the stranger
can then be closely watched (how sad that surveillance
should be ever needed to keep them out of mischief 1) ;
while far more information is obtained from them than
if they were lodged in a body, in which case only one
would be able to speak at a time, and the contributions of
the rest to the common stock of knowledge would be
lost. The islanders generally take it in turns to entertain
strangers, it being looked upon as a privilege rather than
troublesome duty.—Burrow's Pitcairn's Island.