The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-02-05 00:00:00

TN* LiviitreeL stilibiiiiii

of the empire, without leading to any of the initirlous conse-
quettes which he had apprehended from It.
. Sir J. TROLLOPC said he should move a few worcts as an
addition to the speech, by way of amendment, and he hoped
for indulgence while doing so, it being the first time' he had
addressed the house. The speech of her Majesty, after advert-
ing to the flourishing condition of commerce and manufactures,
regretted that there had been complaints from the oWners,gnd
occupiers of land, but it was hoped that the cheapness of Mod
would alleviate the sufferings of the people. He thottlit that
the complaints of the lanced interest were scarcely treated
with the attention and respect in this .paragraph to which they
were entitled. If not intentionally disrespectful, it, at all
events, intimated no intention of doing anything. He should,
therefore, move the insertion, after the words " commerce and
manafactures," of the following words :—`.! And we most huni-
bly represent to your Majesty, that in many parts of 'the
United Kingdom, and especially in Ireland, the classes engaged
in the cultivation
,of the soil are exposed to severe distress,
which, in our opinion, might justly ho attributed to recent
legislation, and to the pressure of local taxation." In movingthis amendment, he would say the paragraph to which he pro-
posed to add it was .the only objectionable paragraph in the
whole Address, but believing that the case of the agriculturists
should be taken into consideration, he would 'ask the house to
agree to his amendment.

should he securet a price ffor it by parliament, which they
could not othbrwise obtaini and this was a question which
concerned not the landed interest only, but the whole body of
,the people. If a contest Vas renewed upon this question who
could say what subjects might not be mixed with the disctts,
sion, and what fatittitions they might not be call4.upon to
protect? He asked the house to be content math pr ent
state of legislation upon this subject. If any measures of re-
lief could be suggested for the distress of the landed interest
without injustice to other classes; let them be considered; but
let no attempt he made to disturb a question now 'detided, the
revival of which would create a doubt as to the stability of their
decisions.

Mr. CohnEN said, an impression prevailed Mit of'doors that
the question of free trade had not been settled in that house,
which was prepared to reconsider the subject of the corn laws ;
NO no honest man could desire to keep this question sus-
pended; he would be the greatest enemy the tenant farmers
could have, as well as an enemy of the errantry at large. The
question must some day be decided, and decided against pro-
tection • and he could not understand upon what rational
principle those persons acted who kept up this hopeless and
suicidal agitation. He complained of the vagueness of Mr.
Disraeli's speech, and called upon him in the name of the
farmers of England to give notice at once of the time when he
would discuss the qnestion of protection.
Mr. HENRY DRUMMOND and Colonel THOMPSON addressed
the house shortly amidst strong symptoms of impatience.
The house then divided, when the Address was carried by
311 against 192.

Colonel CH.ATTERTON seconded the amendment, and said
that in theTtart of the country with which he was connected
(Cork) the distress extended to all classes, embracing land-
owners, farmers, and labourers, and he believed that no sub-
ject whatever snore urgently demanded the consideration of
Parliament than their depressed condition.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER complimented Sir J.
Trollope on the moderation which characterised his speech in
moving the amendment, and he was glad that he had brought
the question forward in a manner which must lead to a di ect
atif.
discussion and decision upon the way in which it affec the
great interests which it involved. It was of great import nce
that there should be no doubt of the improvement in manufac-
ture; and commerce, because it was impossible that these
could be in a flourishing condition without producing happi-
ness and contentment amongst the great mass of the com-
munity. This should not be lost sight of in considering the
policy which bad recently been adopted by this country. The
foreign trade of the country had considerably increased, which
was a proof that this country was not utterly ruined by foreign
competition. The right hon. gentleman quoted a vast number
of returns to show that free trade had not been injurious to
m - '

The house adjourned, at two o'clock, until Monday

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL

THE WEST iNDIA. MAIL.

ufactures and commerce, and that the repeal of the navi-
gation laws had been beneficial instead of injurious to the
shipping interests. In short, the right hon. gentleman re-
peated every argument and quoted every document he had
used in former sessions in support of the doctrines of free
trade.

Mr. HERBERT supported the amendment, and quoted a
number of returns to show the extent of distress existing in
many of the Irish unions. It was said that crime had largely
decreased, but this he was not prepared to admit, though in
some cases, as in that of sheep-stealing, it had undoubtedly
diminished—and why? because there were fewer sheep to
steal. (A laugh.)
Mr. FAGAN opposed the amendment.

Ir
Sir JOHN IVALsx supported the amendment, and corn
mented upon the conduct of government in giving to Mr

Villiers the honour of moving the Address—Ml7. Villiers, one
of the Apostles of the Anti-Corn-Law League—instead of
giving it to one of their own friends.

' - fir. G. BERKELEY animad;eiied rather severely upon the
Manchester school, for endeavouring to excite discontent be-
tween landlord and tenant.

....
The Marquis of GRANBY moved the adjournment of the
detate until next day.

HOUSE OF • COMMONS.-FRIDAY

After a short incidental discussion respecting one of the ses-
sional orders, the debate upon the address was recommenced
by

The Marquis of GRANBY, who, confining himself to the para-
graph in the speech to which the amendment was directed, and

jesty's subjects, combated the ',pinions of Mr. Villiers as to the
real causes of agricultural distress. At large meetings through.
out the country the language universally held had been that
under present prices it was impossible for the occupiers of land
to cultivate it profitably; that they must haveprotection against
foreigners. This, however, was a subject which involved the
interests, not of owners and occupiers of land merely, but of

muourers, wno zar outnumbered those engaged
in other pursuits, ar,d who had been worse off since the
free trade measures. On the other hand, the Marquis adduced
evidence to show that our present manufacturing prosperity
was temporary and transient, if not unreal.; but suppose it to
be real, the answer was, our manufactures are protected ; with
. . _ _
what justice, then

The West India steamer Medway arrived on Friday
with the mails, a valuable cargo, and nearly two millions
of dollars on merchants account. Our Jamaica news is
to the 7th of January. The island was healthy. The
sugar market lower-17s. 11d. to 19s. per hundred pounds;
pimento, 31. The Rum Duty Bill had, without the ap-
propriation clauses, been sent back to the House of As-
sembly. The session would quietly terminate. Med-
way's news from California is to the Ist of December.
Gold was still abundant. Sickness, however, prevails.
Nicaragua accounts state that all was quiet. Vessels of
war from England and America were anxiously expected
to protect interests. Trade was dull at Valparaiso, and
the Indians were reported to have risen, threatening the
peace of Valdivia. It was rumoured the rising would be
put down by the governnient of Chili. Insurrections
were also taking place at Bolivia.
Trinidad accounts are favourable, crops promising.
• From Antigua we learn the weather was propitious,
and the island free from yellow fever.

The only other news of importance is the loss, by drown-
ing, it is supposed, of a special courtier with important
despatches for Lord Palmerston, from the charge d'affaires
at Bogota.

The celebrated sculptor, Bartolinl, died at Florence on
the 20th ult., aged 77, after a short illness of three days.
Intelligence from Santa Fe states, that thirty-two Cali-
fornian emigrants had been murdered by the Indians on
the plains.

Messrs. Jones, Ball, and Poor, of Boston, have in their
possession a single lump of gold from California, weigh-
ing six pounds !

_ .
The project of the marriage of the Princess Louisa of
the Netherlands to the Crown Prince of Sweden and Nor-
way has obtained the official consent of his Majesty.
It appears from subsequent accounts that Dr. Achilli
did not " make his escape" from the Castle of St. Angelo,
but that he was " liberated by the government authori-
ties."

The house of Rothschild has taken the proposed loan of
thirty-three million francs to his Holiness, so that if want

of his return

:Come, we may speedi.

ltinued

ly anticipate hearing

Accounts from Brazil state that the establishment of
Senhor Tavares, for the growth of mulberry trees and pro.
pagation of silk worms in the province of Rio de Janeiro,
was very flourishing; having produced, in twenty-one
days, I,llBtb 3oz. of silk of excellent quality.
Lamartine is about to turn romance-writer ; and he has
had the extraordinary good luck to find speculators who
have bound themselves to pay him £20,000 for a certain
number of romances—at the rate of £l,OOO a volume, or
thereabouts. One of these romances is already in the
bands of the publishers.
Letters from Stockholm of the 15th say that a ministe-
rial crisis was imminent. The minister of war, General de
Hohenhausen, was to retire, and be replaced by Count
Loewnjelm ; and Baron R. Palmsljerna, formerly minister
of Sweden at St. Petersburgh, was to become minister of
foreign affairs.
GREECE.---We have accounts of the British Admiral
having blockaded the Greek ports in consequence of en-
croachments
on the territory of the lonian Islands by the
Greek Government. In addition to this it is stated that
the British Minister's house at Athens was menaced, if
not attacked, by the mob, and that he found it necessary
to retire from the city, and take refuge on board the fleet.
The hostilities were not at all looked for by the authori-
ties of Greece as on the 15th ult. King Otho was to give
a grand ball to the officers of the fleet, and next day a
peremptory demand of satisfactiou for all the demands
preferred by England against the Greek government was
made by Mr. Wyse.
In the French Assembly, on Monday, a bill for the
olution of the guard motile was passed by a majority
ricts, the scenes oft Kilrifsh, unless we returned to the system of 533 to 49. An order, given a few -days back, that all
so unwisely abandoned. the trees of liberty impeding the public way should be cut
Mr.
ment, CULLA
especiGally in IrelandH, ith reference to
tended the words in tat count ryhe amend- down, having been carried into execution, so that most of
w n
repudiated agricultural protection, which had been a positive them have disappeared, has created so great a sensation in
A a ••• . • s

wotection be refused to our agricul-
ture- if, as he contended, the distress in the agricultural dis-
tricts was owing to legislation, and was likely to permanent,
and if free trade was to be the order of the day, let it be fully

patiently borne under protection
ment.

estrictions which had been
He supported the amend•

Mr. J. E. DENISON lamented that the occupiersof land should
he brought to public meetings to listen to acerbities and per-
sonal invectives, and.deßrecated the desponding language held

Le farmers at these meetir

:15,-whe were

engaging in a hopeless contest for a return of protection, to en-
courage the tenantry, and apply his attention to the adminis-
tration of local affairs and the reduction of the county expendi-
ture. He should vote against the amendment on the grounds
of right, justice, and necessity.
Captain PELHAM, the new member for Boston, opposed the

system of protection on the simple ground that itYwarS'injurious
to other interests of the country, and, being so, it must be even-
tually injurious to the protected interest.
Mr. CHRISTOPHER said. it was from no disresnert to thn

ner ministers, who did not sympathise with the distress, which
he had witnessed, in the agricultural districts. They did not
acknowledge it ; they taunted the owners and occupiers of land
with venting complaints; the amendment was therefore un-
avoidable. In urging the oft-repeated statement, that profit-
able cultivation of land at present prices was impossible, Mr.
Christopher gave some practical details of the results of expe-
riments on his own estate, and asked what grounds there were
for anticipating, under free-trade, more prosperous times? He
expected, on the contrary, to witness in our agricultural dis-

impeutment to cultivation and an obstacle to employment. An the unruly district of which the Place Maubert is the
attempt to return to protection there would check the career of contra, that it has boon deemed advisable to keep a large
improvement, and open fresh sources of contention at a time body of troops on constant parade.
when angry passions were subsiding.
His Excellency Kiamil Pacha sailed for Constantinople
Mr. ROBERT PALMER, as representing a purely agricultural
county, supported the amendment, considering the words it on the 7th inst., in the Egyptian steam-frigate Nile
-"nsed to add to the address, framed as it was. of very great having reeeivP 'an -lemr.:

s A -
~.s _ in.._ ,nification for the loss of his
property and his wife the handsome douceur of 18,000
purses (X 90,000). It may be remembered that this is the
fortunate individual who had been elevated by the caprice
or discernment of Mehemet Ali from very humble circum-
stances, and admitted as the suitor of his daughter. to
whom he was affianced, and married with great pomp in
1845 at Cairo. Political causes or political jealousies made
his removal from the country desirable in the eyes of the
new Pacha, and his divorce and exile were considered in-
dispensable—the sum named above being the adjudged
price thereof.
THE " GREAT LAKE?' OF SOUTH AFRICA.—The dis-
covery of this magnificent sheet of water has been justly
designated as the " grandest geographical discovery of
modern times." The long-contested problem has at
length been solved, and the existence of the lake deter-
mined. The Mr. L. of whom mention is made is the
Rev. Robert Livingston, the well-known and indefati-
gable missionary among the Beehumas, and son-in-law
of the Rev. Robert Moffatt, whose name must be familiar
to all who are interested in the conversion of the heathen.
Mr. Livingston was accompanied by Mr. Oswell, of the
Madras Civil Service, and Mr. Murry, of Lintrose, near
Cupar Angus, in Scotland. These three are the adven-
turers who have at length set at rest the long-pending
dispute as to the existence of the great fresh water sea in
the interior of South Africa. The lake appears to lie in
about 19 degrees south latitude, or 560 miles north west
of Kolobeng, the scene of Mr. Livingston's arduous and
devoted labours, and the head-quarters of the Banquain
tribe. Further particulars may be almost daily looked
for ; and, before long, Messrs. Oswell and Murry will
probably be among us. Their names (in conjunction with
that of Mr. Livingston) will now head the list of recent
South African travellers.—Athenceum.
THE RESEARCHES IN THE RUINS OF NINEVEFI.—Let-
ters from Nimroud, of. November the 25th, inform us of
the progress of Dr. Layard's researches. A wall of ad-
mirably-united large square blocks of limestone, without
cement, has been discovered in the pyramid at Nimroud ;
but as yet it has been impossible to ascertain what is be-
hind it. It may probably be a chamber or tomb ;or it
may be only one side of a square mass supporting the
pyramid of unbaked bricks. What if it should turn out
to be the true busta Nini ? In the entrance of a gate-
way to the quadrangle opposite Mosul, Dr. Layard has
reached a pair of enormous winged figures, which appear
to have been entire, but have been cracked and injured by
fire. A plan of this entrance would be interesting, as
illustrative of the architecture of the city. At Kouyun-
jik, a pair of gigantic bulls, back to back, separated by an
enormous figure strangling a lion, like that at Paris, but
still larger, have been discovered : but the upper parts of
all have been destroyed. On the bulls are interesting in-
scriptions. We are glad to hear that the colossal lions at
Nimroud were nearly ready for removal. It was expected
that they would be on their road to England early in
December. Dr. Layard has a party of men excavating at
Baashickhah, and in a mound near Khorsabad.
PORT NATAL.—As several persons have left Liverpool
within these few days for the purpose of proceeding to
Port Natal, the following " latest intelligence" from
thit settlement will ba interacting to their friends and
fellow-townsmen :—" The intelligence from Natal is
generally satisfactory ; the beauty and fertility of the
country are acknowledged by all the emigrants, but seve-
ral persons appear to have formed an idea that they could
live there without work, and that the land was literally
flowing with milk and honey. Disappointment, of course,
must result from such extravagant expectations, but the
prospect was cheering for all such as had means to settle
on their lands, or who are willing to accept work either
as mechanics or skilled farm labourers. The greater por-
tion of the emigrants have proceeded to Pietermaritzburg,
in the neighbourhood of which they are bting located.
Several of these, however, whose attention vas turned
towards the growth of fine cotton, had been offered lands
on the sea coast, about 25 miles north of D'Urban. It is
most satisfactory to find that the tax of 7s. per hut, im-
posed on all huts occupied by coloured people, and erected
on crown land, is being readily paid by the refugee popu-
lation, either in money or kind. The arrival of a new
governor to succeed the late Hon. Martin West is
anxiously looked forward to, as so much of the future
prosperity of, the colony depends on his efficiency."
A CUNNING THIEF.—About a fortnight ago, the son of
a wealthy merchant of Bordeaux arrived in Paris, to enter
one of the colleges. He had a letter of introduction to
an old friend of his father's, but having found that he bad
lost it, resolved to postpone his visit until he should be
able to get a new letter. The lost letter unfortunately
fell into the hands of a clever thief, who took it to the
gentleman, and was by him received with the warmest
cordiality. The next day the thief presented himself at
the house before the gentleman was up, atid.requested
permission to write a few letters. The servants recog-
nised him as the honoured visitor on the previous even-
ing, left hith alone in the room, and the thief then pos-
sessed himself of a considerable sum of money, with
which, after a while he went away, on pretence of post.
ing his letters. On discovering the robbery, the gentle-
man was naturally indignant, but out of regard-to his old
friend refrained from making a complaint to the police.
The other day the young man, the real Simon pure, pre.
sented himself with the letter, but no sooner did he an-
nounce his name to the servant than the latter seized him
by the collar, and cried " Thief ! thief !" Astonished at
such a reception, ,the young man struggled to break from
the servant's srasp, but in vain, ho was safely locked up.

The gentleman, however, haVittik head his explanation,
• immetitately bad him released. The cunning thief has
not yet been Oacovered.
PAP4L EitiGRATION.--4,beillt 1000 Irishmen are at
this season of the year on t eity of Boston for support.
Almost daily emigrants arrive, in the worst possible con-
dition, and in most cases one or more Papal priests come
out with each load, and have the perfect mastery of the
whole concern—commanding the men and caning the chil-
dren. A visit this week to Deer Island, the place as-
signed by the city for the reception of this class, revealed
some of the practical workings of the Papacy. Almost to
a man those who arrive are ignorant, filthy, and vicious.
No confidence can be placed in their word. They are true
to nothing but their priests. When asked who sent them,
and paid their passage, the reply usually is, " The priest
paid the passage." When asked, " Where are you going,"
the anuver is "Oh! to the best place." On several oc-.
casions these priests have attempted to interfere with the
'arrangements of the island. The books of the children
have been removed, and other acts indicating a desire to
control the place. But a decisive check has been given to
all such efforts. Religious service is held each Sabbath,
at which all are required to be present. A Sabbath-school
and a day-school are in successful operation. Upon the
arrival of emigrants they are taken to a house built for
that purpose, stripped of all their clothes, scrubbed most
thoroughly with soap and water, hair cut,*old clothes burnt,
new suit given— and a ticket for a passage to any part of
the country ;' and the whole bill is charged to the ship
which brings the persons over, and is readily paid by the
owners. Some owners have paid 400 dollars for a single
load of emigrants, and yet they find the business profita-
ble. Dr. Monaly, formerly of New York, is at the head
of the Deer Island establishment, and is most admirably
adapted to the position he fills. As Protestants we begin
to feel the power of this Papal emigration. In Lowell and
some of the older manufacturing cities, the foreigner is
driving out the native population. A change in morals,
Sabbath desecration, and waning religious institutions,
mark the onward march of the Man of Sin.—New York
Evangelist.