The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-06-13 00:00:00

Dislrittlos,

The Earl of Derby has given a large plot of ground at
Bury for erecting an Athenaeum.
Five of the rioters at Manchester have been committed
for trial.

A new Roman Catholic Chapel, in Junction-street,
Every-street, Ancoats, Manchester, was " dedicated" last
week.
John Downey, who has attracted notice at Manchester
as a Chartist pike-seller, has been arrested and committed
for trial. _ _ _

FREE TRADE IN WlGAN.—Several of the mills in this
town stopped on Wednesday, some for a few days, others
for a longer period. The spinning trade is still languid,
and it is said that there are no less than six cotton mills
on sale in Wigan. So much for free-trade.
HAY.—Opposite the residence of Mr. Lane, architect,
at Sale, there is a small field of Italian rye grass, which
has been cut this week, and the hay is now in cocks ; and
between the rows of hay-cocks, the land has already been
ploughed ready for seed, aad in all probability a good crop
of turnips will be got off the same land during the present
season.—Manchester Guardian.
AWFULLY SUDDEN DEATH.—On Wednesday, Mr.
Joseph Scott, a commercial traveller, belonging to Stock-
ton, was about to proceed to Manchester, and was sitting
in the yard at the railway station, Lime-street, awaiting
the train by which he was to proceed, when suddenly he
fell down and expired. The cause of death was ascertained
to be disease of the heart.
The Manchester Guardian says, that the Irishmen in
the employment of Messrs. Thomas Hoyle and Sons, of
the Mayfield Print-works, on hearing that the physical
force Chartists were likely to interfere with their work, by
attempting to turn out the hands, formed themselves into
an Irish brigade, for the protection of the premises. They
have adopted their ancient national weapon, the shillelagh.
EARLY STRAWBERRIES.--AS a proof of the uncommon
fineness of the season, we may mention that on Monday
week, Mr. Lawrenson, Blackpool, gathered some fine
strawberries, which were grown in the open air in his
garden, near Raikes Hall. As another confirmation we
may add that Wheat in this neighbourhood has begun to
shoot—which usually does not take place till about three
weeks or so later than now.—Fleetwood Chronicle.
Joseph Howard, a cotton spinner, of Glossop, bankrupt,
has been committed to prison, from the Manchester Bank-
ruptcy Court, for the fraudulent concealment of a consi-
derable sum of money‘ Howard admitted, in reply to
questions put to him by the solicitor under the fiat, that
he had told the messenger of the court that he had no
money in the house, whereas he had a sum probably not
much short of £3OO in the cupboard ; and he failed to give
any satisfactory account as to what had become of it, his
answers on this point being most eVaSIVO and contradic•.
to,ey,

SINGULAR ACCIDENT.—On Thursday while the Yeo-
manry Cavalry were mustering at Lancaster for depar-
ture, a trooper was leading his horse (a fine animal)
through Common Garden-street, when the creature
reared, fell beck, fractured its skull, and was killed on the
spot.
EXTRAORDINARY FERTILITY.—The well-cultivated
meadow land of Joshua Hoyle, Esq., Newchurch-road,
Bacup, has this season been mown twice. The first crop
was housed on the first of April, and it became expedient
to cut a second on the 30th of May. The second crop is
already harvested.—Preston Chronicle.
CHARTISM AT RUNCORN.—AN AGITATOR DISLODGED.
--On Tuesday evening the excitement which prevailed in
Runcorn, in consequence of the election proceedings, was
considerably increased by the arrival, in the town, of the
redoubtable " Dr." Reynolds, the Chartist ironmonger,
of Liverpool, who, having come that day from Warring-
ton, where he had delivered a public lecture, proceeded at
once to address a large concourse of men, women, and
children, opposite the Town Hall. Hardly, however, had
the sanguinary minded doctor commenced his harangue,
when he was hailed with a complete shower of oranges ;
finally, other missiles of a more formidable description
were freely dislodged, when the speaker wisely brought
the discourse to a close, and the meeting dispersed.
EMPLOYMENT IN MANCHESTER.—The official report,
showing the state of employment of the whole of the
operative classes within the borough of Manchester for
the present week, presents some satisfactory results. The
number of hands working full time has been very conside-
rably increased, and the number of those working short
time, has been proportionately decreased. This improve-
ment has been effected by two cotton mills haring gone
from full to short time. There are still, however, wholly
out of employment from 7,000 to 8,000 hands, and nearly
7,000 working short time. The report furnishes the fol-
lowing statement —Number of hands working full time
last week, 29,390 ; in the present week, 30,62 T. Number
working short time last week, 7,229; in the present week,
6,776. Number of hands wholly out of work in the past
.week, 8,144 ; in the present week, 7,360. The next week
being the Whitsuntide helydays most if not all the facto-
ries in Manchester and the neighbourhood will be stopped.

IMPORTANT DECISION• UNDER THE NEW FACTORY
ACT.—LEGALITY OF RELAYS.—Messrs. Jones, Brothers,
and Co., of Mosley-street, Manchester, and also of Bed-
ford, in the parish of Leigh, were summoned to appear at
the Atherton petty sessions, by David Jones, sub-inspec-
tor of factories of the Bolton district, upon two informa-
tions of working a female, and also a young person, for
more than ten hours in one day. Mr. Gaskell, of Bolton,
opened the case, contending that the system of working
relays of hands was contrary to law, and that the time
every person worked in a mill must be computed from the
time the engine first started in the morning until stopping
time•at night, with the exception of one uniform period:
of meals. Mr. Ovens, barrister, contended that Messrs.
Jonesliad not violated the law, inasmuch as the legisla-
ture never contemplated so stringent a construction being
put upon the act as to prevent a system of relays. The
bench declared they were unanimously of opinion they
could not convict the Messrs. Jones. The case was there-
fore dismissed. _ _

.-- ---
SUDDEN DEATH OF J. N. PFARINGTON. ESQ.—In our
obituary will be observed the name of J. N. Ffarington,
Esq., of Worden, who died suddenly at his residence on
Tuesday morning last. The lamented deceased had been
for some little time past on a tour through various parts of
the country, and on Monday night last returned from the
West Riding of Yorkshire, complaining of indisposition.
He had been for many years past subject to an affection
of the heart, of which he was himself aware, and it is
feared that his late travelling has hastened an event which
_has caused general and unmixed sorrow to a large and
admiring circle of friends, and to the community at large,
by whom he was so highly respected. About three o'clock
ofr.
r.Tuesdayß rown morning
Preston, h e was
was takencalled
inb
seriously
utunwell, and
notwithstand-
ing all that science and kindness could dictate, he expired
a few minutes after eight o'clock. Mr. Ffarington was to
have taken the chair at a missionary meeting on Tuesday,
and had prepared his address, which, we are informcd, is
printing for private circulation.—Preston Guardian.
PREVENTION OF SMOKE.—A correspo'ndent of the
Hull Advertiser, signing " A Practical Engineer," with
reference to what occurred at a meeting in that town on
the 3d ult., cites the statements of the Manchester Guar-
dian relative to the abatement of the smoke nuisance.
It appears that an opinion prevailed in Manchester that
little or no reduction of smoke could be effected, and
several parties-were brought before the magistrates and
fined. One party declared that he had gone to great
expense, and believed little or no improvement upon the
then plan could be effected. Afterwards when a new
arrangement was adopted, the chimney complained of
which had been tested both before and after the altera-
tions, was found to be improved in the following propor-
tions—Dense smoke, 15 minutes before—now 0-12-; mode-
rate, 214-minutes before—now 13 ; none perceptible, 233
now 46 8-9ths. A number of other cases are quoted,
some of them shoeing in a higher degree the great im-
provement practicable beyond the expectations of those
who had previously expended much time, labour, and
money, in endeavouring to abate the nuisance. The
paper we have quoted thus concludes some remarks :
" We understand that at Halifax, in one manufactory,
the question of the probability of effectually preventing
the nuisance of smoke is practically solved in the affirma-
tive • and that in addition to the immediate benefit, the
expedient is found to be economical in its working. The
tall chimney stalk is also dispensed with."'

GREAT DEMONSTRATION IN FAVOUR OF THE TEN
HOURS' BILL.—The Royal assent having been given to
this measure on the 7th of June last year, its friends and
supporters determined to celebrate its first anniversary on
Wednesday last. Manchester being the centre of the
great factory district, and the Free Trade Hall affording
the greatest facility, that was fixed on as the fittest place
for demonstration. Arrangements were made for the
operatives to return after the meeting to all the neigh-
bouring towns. The operatives from Yorkshire also sent
their delegates, and there was a general gathering from
all parts of the two great manufacturing counties. Dressed
in their best, and with cheerful faces, the throng began
to assemble soon after five o'clock, and considerably more
than 3000 partook together of a cheering tea. An effi-
cient band of music was engaged, and every arrangement
made that could secure a pleasant and happy evening;;
and if the countenances were an index, that object was
most certainly attained. The Rev. C. D. Wray, vice-
dean of Manchester, presided, according to appointment,
and, amongst others, was surrounded by the following
noblemen, clergy, and gentlemen :—Lord Ashley, M.P.,
Mr. John Fielden, Lord J. Manners, Marquis of Bland-
ford, M.P., Hon. W. F. Cowper, M.P., Mr. Charles
Hindley, M.P., Mr. W. B. Ferrand, Rev. W. Hunting-
ton, St. John's, Rev. J. Irvine, vicar of Leigh, and a
number of other clergymen and gentlemen. Lord Ashley
and Lord John Manners specially drew the attention of
the meeting to the exemplary conduct of the working
classes of those districts during the recent efforts to stir
up insubordination. One passage in Lord Ashley's
speech will give unspeakable satisfaction to all right-
minded and true-hearted subjects of the British Crown,
and especially to the operatives of Lancashire and York-
shire. Our readers are probably aware that a medal was
struck to commemorate the giving of the Royal assent to
the Ten Hours' Bill, an impression of the medal, in gold,
having been presented, from the operatives, by Lord
Ashley. His lordship gives this most interesting account
of what passed on the memorable occasion :—" I had the
honour of speaking to her Majesty of the character of her
subjects, particularly in these vast counties ; I had the
honour of telling her what I said to-night, that I did not •
believe there was a finer material to rule over, I did not
believe there was a body of men capable of more generous
sentiments than the operative classes of the great kingdom
that God, in his providence, had called her to govern.
And I tell you it would have done your hearts good to
hear the ardent and fervent manner in which her Majesty
replied—' I KNOW IT, I KNOW IT WELL, I FULLY BE-
LIEVE WHAT YOU SAY ; I AM SURE THEY ARE AS GOOD
A PEOPLE AS ANY SOVEREIGN WAS EVER CALLED UPON
TO RULE.' " We are told that " tremendous cheering"
followed this announcement; and the words which we
have printed in capital letters certainly comprise an honour
done them by their Sovereign, of which the operatives
have abundant reason to be proud. And yet it would
appear that the free trade party are determined not only
to disparage the boon conferred upon the working classes,
but to th wart, as far as they are able, its practical effect.
Lord John Manners quoted from the Economist news-
paper, of the 20th ultimo, the following passage :—" If
the manufactures of this great commercial country, if the
welfare of the operatives, if the comforts of millions of
individuals, be a proper subject for the consideration of
ministers, now that the last rivet of the Ten Hours' Bill
is closed up, let them look at the work of their own hands,
and question themselves if the castes of central India, or
the Cuininunists ur France, ever imagined anything worn
destructive than the present law for the regulation of
labour in factories." This is a direct invitation to govern-
ment to abrogate and repeal the Ten Hours' Bill.