The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-02-12 00:00:00

HOUSE OF COMMONS.-FRIDAY,

The house having resolved itself into a committee on the
Australian colonies,
Lord J. RISSELL said he felt it would be very convenient if
he took that opportunity of rnoltirm, o, ototclitc ztt to tito itottoo
on the colonial policy of the government. The noble lord
laving gone at considerable length into the history of some of
the colonies, proceeded to describe what was intended to be
done with the Cape of Good Hope and other colonies. With
respect to the Cape of Good Hope, he proposed to give to it a
representative government, to consist of an Elective Council
and a Legislative Assembly, the constituency to consist of per-
sons possessed of a certain amount of property. The Legisla-
tive Assembly should be re-elected every five years, and the
Council every ten years, but one-half to be re-elected every
five years. The alterations he proposed to introduce into
Australia were similar to the provisions contained in the bill
of last session, and similar changes would be extended to New
south Wales and Van Dieman's Land. Power would also he
given, cn the requirement of any two of these Australian pro-
vinces, that there might be an assembly from the different
provinces to agree upon the same tariff for all, or upon any
other matters calculated to confer a benefit upon them all.
With respect to New Zealand, it was also the intention shortly
to extend to that colony the advantages of representative go-
Vernment. The noble lord then stated the opinions of the
governors of British Guiana, the Mauritius, and Malta, as to
the changes which might be advantageously applied to those
places respectively, and said that these were the only colonies
to which representative government could at present be applied.
'With respect to transportation, parliament had decided that
that puniblimeut should be continued. He was not himself
very favourable to that mode of punishment, and he felt that its
future management would be attended with great difficulty.
The governor of Van Dieman's Land had intimated his wish
that no more convicts should be sent there ; and as there ap-
peared to be a growing desire amongst the colonies that tran-
sports should not be sent to them, parliament would have, ere
long, to consider whether some changes should not be made in
the present system. With respect to emigration, it had re-
cently gone on to an extraordinary extent, amounting in the

last three years to no less an amount than 796,354 persons,
being little less than the average increase of the population.
Be believed that this voluntary emigration was upon a greater
scale than would possibly have been the case had it been done
by the aid of government grants. The noble lord concluded
by moving a resolution upon which to found a bill for the bet-
ter government of the Australian colonies,_ and resumed his
seat amidst cheering from both sides of the house.
Sir W. MOLESWORTH said that in most of the observations
which fell from the noble lord in the introduction of his speech
with respect to the past history of our colonies and the policy
under which they had been governed, he entirely agreed ; but
be regretted to learn from the other parts of the noble lord's
speech, that it was the intention of the government to adhere
to their present objectionable policy for the government of our
vast colonial empire. Since the present colonial secretary came
into office, not only had the colonies been misgoverned, but tor
the last four years the house and the public had been kept in
ignorance of the proceedings, and no satisfactory account could
be obtained of the conduct of the government. In the Cape of
Good Hope, in Van Diemans Land, and other colonies, there
Was a general feeling of dissatisfaction with our colonial policy,
and in many of them the people accused the government of a
breach of faith. A complete reform in their colonial policy was
imperiously demanded ; and no hope of such a reform had
been held out in the speech of the noble lord that evening. The
bon. baronet, after reviewing at considerable length the con-
dition of most of the British colonies, concluded by expressing
Ins disappointment at the speech of the noble lord, and his dis-
satisfaction at the present colonial policy of the government.
Mr. GLADSTONE was desirous that a false step should not be
committed with respect to the Australian colonies; and in pro-
posing a single chamber, he believed the government was actu-
ated by the very best and purest intentions ' • but he thought
they had lighted upon a most imperfect plan for a constitution
for these colonies. The objection of the people of Australia to
,an upper house was confined no doubt to an upper house of
nominees. If they made the upper house elective, as they pro-
;posed to do at the Cape of Good Hope, he had no doubt the
tpeople us CIA.. LIAM VI UCLI ver
le chamber. The appointment of the twelve men in the coun-
cil by the crown was, in his opinion, a fatal error, for it assumed
that the crown had an interest separate from that of the colo-
nists, and would teach the colonists to think that the crown had
/something to defend which it thought the colonists would be
3ikely to attack.
The resolution was then agreed to, and the report was ordered
to be brought up on Monday.

Sir \N. aoMERVILLE moved for leave to bring in a bill to re-
strain party processions in Ireland, which had become neces-
sary in consequence of occurrences in Ireland which were fami-
liar to the public. The bill was not aimed at any particular
party, but was meant to be applied equally to all.
Leave was given to bring in the bill.
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL obtained leave to bring in a bill
to enable persons having limited interests in land in Ireland, to
snake building leases and improvindeases; also a bill for better
facilitating and better securing the due administration of cha-
ritable trusts.

COURT AND FASHIO

The Earl Earl of Wilton has left town for Egerton Lodge,
his hunting box, at Melton Mowbray.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster and the
Ladies Grosvenor intend to stay at Alotcombe House
until the close of next month, when they go to town for
,the season.

The Mining. Journal announces that the wires of the
Electric Telegraph Company have been laid down to
Windsor, along the South-western railway, for the accom-
2nodation of her Majesty and Prince Albert, who now can
learn at all hours what is passing in both h9uses of par-
liament during the session, as also events in the metro-
polis.

- Marlborough House was on Tuesday crowded with
fashionable company, assembled to view the effects of the
late Queen Dowager. A very large quantity of the pro-
perty has sold (not by auction, at high prices. The eager-
ness to obtain napkins, &c., with the royal cypher was
intense, and the prices ranged from three to four guineas
a dozen.

ROYAL KINDNESS.—TheIQueen has been pleased to
give the sum of 120 a year, from the privy purse, towards
the support of a school which was opened some time since
by a few benevolent parties, in a destitute district in the
zeighbourhood of Balmoral. Her Majesty had also con-
ffilderately provided comfortable cottages and gardens for
several poor cottars, whose frail habitations have been
cleared away to make room for some improvements near
castle.

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL.

The butcheries of Pesth have been revived: Kolassq
and two unfortunate Honveds were hanged there on the
23rd ult. _ _

—Xnlnglish gas company has been formed in Madrid,
and several of the chief cities are about to adopt that
system of illumination.

The King of Prussia took the oath of the constitution
on Wednesday. His Majesty, with much emotion, thanked
the two Chambers. The members of the Chambers then
took the oaths in succession. _ _ .

The Paris Prase says that there were 564 trees of
liberty in Paris, and that they have all been cut down
with the exception of 37. Amongst those cat down was
one which was planted in 1793.
Mrs. Fanny Kemble has refused to give readings in
Louisville, alleging that " she cannot read in a slave
state, and wiil not receive for her labours money which is
the price of human blood."
A horrible murder and suicide were committed in Paris
on Wednesday. A lieutenant of the 56th Regiment of
the Line, lodging in the Rue du Havre, killed his mistress
with his sword, and then threw himself from his window
into the street. He was killed on the spot.
The Standard describes the new tariff of Switzerland
agreed upon by the Federal Assembly of last June. It is
strictly protective—stringently so indeed—" descending,"
says our contemporary, to fresh mushrooms and used
leeches." We have not got the only real republic in
Europe to reciprocate our free trade generosity.
Tire POPE.—The correspondent of the Morning Chro-
nicle, writing from Rome on the 14th of January, says—
" We hear frequent reports of the return of the Pope,
but have no confidence in them. If the year 1850 passes
away, and no Pope is visible in Rome, men will begin to
think that he is about to choose some new centre of unity
for the nations of Catholic Europe. "
Madrid letters of the 3d. inst. state that the pregnancy
of the Queen would be officially announced between the
10th and 15th inst. General Narvaez had returned to
Madrid, after taking possession of a large estate offered
to him by the Queen, as a recompense for the important
services he had rendered the throne and the cause of
public order. The estate is said to be worth 2,000,000
reals.

The King of Denmark opened, on the 30th ultimo, at
Copenhagen, the session of the States, with a brief speech.
The passage relative to Schleswig Holstein wss as fol-
lows :—" The war has not yet terminated ; it is only sus-
pended. I hope, however, that the negotiations in
progress will lead to the desired end, provided my misled
subjects do not meet with support from a greater power."
The speech adds that the country can, without much
difficulty, support the extraordinary charges which cir-
cumstances impose. _ _

TERRIFIC SNOW STORM—VIENNA, JAN. 30.—A sad
accident happened in the neighbourhood of Wisselburg
some days since. About one hundred and eight artillery-
men received orders to march from Nickolsdorf to Parens-
dorf. When on the road, which leads across a great
heath, they were surprised by such a terrific snow-storm
that they soon completely lost their way, and many of
them were frozen to death. A few, after suffering inex-
pressibly, managed to reach some of the neighbouring
villages, and sent out the peasantry in search of their un-
fortunate comrades ; but, alas ! the 20 or 25 first found,
among whom was the captain of the company, were
already dead. The latter was on his knees. The rest
have since been brought in either dead or so frozen that
there is but little hope of their recovery.
COLD.—The cold was so intense in Khamtschatka
about the end of December, that the governor of the pro-
vince was compelled to leave his customary residence at
Petropawlosk, and retire to his subterraneous palace of
Thchewskoi. This abode, which is built about twenty
metres under ground, affords accommodation for the
governor and his suite, comprised of 200 persons. it
contains all the necessary comforts of ordinary life; its
temperature is mild and salubrious ; the absence of day-
light is supplied by a number of lamps which are con-
stantly burning. It seldom occurs that the weather is so
severe as to compel the governor to take refuge at
Thchewskoi, but, when such is the case, he generally
passes two entire months, sometimes three, in that resi-
dence. The wealthy inhabitants of the country take up
their quarters in similar abodes.

CALIFORNIA.—Labour is 7 dots. a-day—carpenters,
painters, smiths, and other handicraftsmen 12 dols to 16
dols a day. Between the sailing of the two last steamers
there had been two or three murders reported from the
diggings, and two suicides (a Frenchman and a German)
in San Francisco. One building lot, 20 feet by 50, was
sold for 20,000 dollars, and even then was considered
quite a bargain. Messrs. Cook, Baker, and Co. had put
up a large house of galvanised iron from New York, which
was immediately let at 3,000 dollars per month, in ad-
vance. Clerks (shopmen) receive 150 dots. to 200 dots.
a month. A barber charges 50 cents for shaving, 1 dol.
for cutting hair. Diarrhoea, scurvy, chills, and fever were
the prevailing diseases, and medicine brought extravagant
prices,,the practical motto being, apparently, " No money

no medicine." The doctors were all getting rich. One
passenger returned in the Cherokee steamer who had, by
commercial ventures and land speculations, made
1,500,000 dols. since the beginning of the Californian ex-
citements. There are now about 100,000 inhabitants in
all California, all ardent for its admission into the union as
a state. There are at least 20,000 in San Francisco, and
two newspapers are published there-10 dots. for the very
shortest advertisement the first time, and 5 dols. for each
after insertion.

ROMANCE of Dr. AcntLm's ESCAPE.-We intimated
last week that Achilli's liberation was not to be regarded
QJ “rv. .1“, VIUILIa,y octise an aultea
word. We have since learned that the French authori-
ties at Rome sent a party of soldiers to escort him from
the Castle of St. Angelo, under the pretext that his evi-
dence was required at a court-martial. On leaving the
prison, he was immediately clothed in the uniform of a
French soldier, and marched to Civita Vecchia, where he
was put on board a war steamer, and at once conveyed
to Toulon, from which place he proceeded to Paris. It
will be evident that private friendship could not have
effected such an " escape" as this, and probably all the
authorities concerned regarded it necessary to get out of
a difficulty with as little appearance of formality as pos-
sible. On Tuesday, the 29th ultimo, a meeting of
Christian friends was being held in Paris, at the house of
the Rev. Adolph Monod, to decide on renewed and
more bold efforts for the liberation of Achilii, though no
one entertained very sanguine hopes of success, when, to
the joy and gratitude of all, the object of their anxiety
and prayer knocked at the door, and the prisoner, whose
release they scarcely ventured to anticipate, stood before
them, and heartily united with them in their devout
thanksgiving to God ! How naturally this reminds one
of the incident in Acts xii., 12, 13. Dr. Achill is still in
Paris, waiting the arrival of his wife from Florence, but
may be expected in England very soon.—Watchman.

ROMAN SUPERSTITION.—The religious fervour of the
common people is just now in a kind of ferment origi-
nating in the death of a priest, called the Abate Pallotti,
who has for some time past enjoyed the reputation of
being a saint, and whose body, contrary to the custom of
the country, has now been exposed in a little church near
Ponte Sisto for three days, in the expectation of some
miracle being wrought by it in favour of the halt, blind,
and lame, who continually repair thither to come in con-
tact with it. The Abate Pallotti was the pop,-'s confessor
after the death of the Abate Graziosi, and is generally
considered to have been a good kind of man, although ra-
ther a fanatic ; but those inclined to detract from the fame
of his sanctity accuse him of avarice, and of having not
unfrequently abused his situation as deathbed confessor to
obtain rich legacies from the wealthy whose last moments
he attended. He was the son of a rich cheesemonger of
Rome. Yesterday afternoon the whole neighbourhood of
the Ponte Sisto and the adjacent quarter of Trastevere
was thrown into turmoil by the report that a blind woman
had recovered her sight through the intercession of the
defunct abate, and crowds of fanatics of all descriptions
were to be seen rushing towards the church in which lie
was laid out, in order to obtain small portions of some of
his garments as relics. It is superfluous to remark that
the majority of the thinking inhabitants consider it to be
a very clap-trap affair, and laugh at the credulity of the
vulgar.—From Correspondent of the Daily News.
A HUNGARIAN AMAZON IN NEW YORK.—We were
much pleased with the personal appearance and manners
of Miss Apolonia, the Hungarian heroine, who, as rumour
reports, has fought in many a battle for the liberties of
Hungary. She is at the Irving House. She is a fine,
blooming, handsome young lady, about 24 or 25 years of
of age, of pleasing address and manners, with a fine colour
on her cheeks, and quite feminine and lady-like in her
manners. No one would suspect, on seeing her, that
those delicate hands. enshrouded in delicate white kid
gloves, ana that sienaer form, bad ever been seen dashing
among the crowd of combatants on the field of battle,
mounted as a hussar on horseback, and dealing out
wounds and death to the enemy with flashing sword in
hand. She seemed herself quite unwilling to admit the
fact, or speak upon it, yet she showed us her hussar
jacket in which she was attired. She would not, however,
tell us how many men she had killed. We learnt from
other sources, however, that her chief participation in the
Hungarian war had been at the head of one of the mili-
tary hospitals, where, with her own hands, she had waited
upon the sick and wounded, and had nursed and taken
care of them with all a woman's tenderness. The calls
yesterday to see these distinguished and amiable sufferers,
at the Astor House, were very numerous. In the evening,
at ten o'clock, a grand serenade was given them, which
was executed in their honour, in front of the Astor, I
underneath their windows, and drew together a great
crowd.—Nero York Herald.

AN AMERICAN TRAGEDY.--A very deplorable affair
occurred on the 20th of December, in Shreveport, between
two highly-respectable citizens of that place, Dr. Green
and Dr. D. Hester, late a representative in our legislature,
from the parish of Caddo. We cannot learn the origin of
the difficulty, but the facts of the encounter are chiefly
these :—On Tuesday the 18th Dr. Green, who had been
for some time the practising physician in the family of Mr.
Hester's father-in-law, approached Mr. Hester with a
friendly recognition, tendering his hand, which Mr. Hes-
ter declined, and at the same time struck Dr. Green in
the face. Dr. Green then remarked that he was not armed.
" Then go and arm yourself," was the reply of Hester.
Dr. Green retired. A correspondence passed between the
two gentlemen with reference to the settlement of the dif.
ficulty, but no satisfactory terms for a meeting could be
agreed upon. On the Thursday following, the parties not
having before met, Mr. Hester walked into Dr. Green's
office, and seeing hies sitting at a table, with other persons
in the room, fired a pistol at him, the ball taking effect in
the doctor's side. Dr. Green then seized his pistol, which
lay on the table near him, and shot Hester through the
body, then threw the pistol at him, striking and frac-
turing his skull. Dr. Green then drew his bowie-knife,
rushed at Hester, and buried the weapon in his body,
causing instant death, a result, however, which would have
been produced by the shot he had received. Dr. Green
died of his wound that night. We have received not the
slightest hint of the Muse of this savage affair,—New
Orleans Delta.

IIt.ELAND.

---4-

On Thursckor, a boat manned by four fishermen of
Barna, and laden with herrings from Costello Bay to
Galway, wastbruck by a sudden squall and upset. Three
Of the men, mamed Connor, Forde, and Wllugh, were
drowned, and the fourth saved by clinging to an oar.
MRS. SLEAZLRY.—It is stated that this unhappy
female, who stands accused of the murder of her husband,
and is at present confined in Armagh Gaol, to which she
was conveyed in her own phaeton, placed in the hands of
her solicitor, before entering the prison, her will, be-
queathing to her children the large sum of X 23,000.

THE PROPOSED POPISH UNIVERSITY IN IRELAND.
Great exertions are still made to carry this object into
effect. Several Irish priests have subscribed £5O each
towards it. Dr. Cantwell, Roman Catholic Bishop of
Meath, in a letter to the Tablet, states that a sum of at
least £lOOO a-year, bequeathed to him for " Catholic"
educational purposes, is, according to the best legal
advice, "applicable, under conditions, to the intended
Catholic University."

THE CARNIVAL IN CORE.—The Cork papers contain
the " programme" of a series of Raffles and Lotteries for
the benefit of the Society of St. Vincent De Paul, to
take place on Shrove Tuesday and the preceding day.
Among other prizes, we find it announced that there
will be a Children's Queen-cake Raffle for a Donkey."
It is to be hoped that, unlike the good saint, in whose
name these pious sorter are instituted, the managers will
deal fair, and give every one an equal chance of being
" set down for an Ass."

THE VALUE OF LAND.—The Clare Journal gives an-
other illustration of the enormous reduction which has
taken place in the value of land in that county. A farm
on the estate of the Marquis of Conyngham, containing
537 acres—within three miles of Ennis, which was lately
rented at £B5O a year, was let a few days back at £4OO.
The farm, which is called Island M`Grath, is furnished
with a first-class farm-house, with all the required out
offices, and the land is in " good heart." Until lately
the " tenant-right" of this farm, with its £B5O a year
rent, was deemed worth a smart sum of money. Now
look at its value !

SYMPTOMS OF EARLY CLosING.—The Repeal Rent
for last week amounted to seven pounds ten shillings and
eight-pence ; and Mr. John O'CONNELL is mightily
pleased thereat. He rejoices not because the sum is so
great (which, considering the value he gives, it really is),
but because it is so little ; for, according to the vulgar
proverb, when things come to the worst they must mend;
and this being now as bad as is can be—it must, if there
be a kick left in it, give present signs of life, or else
stretch itself out decently and " die on the floor." The
honourable projector longs to be put out of pain, in one way
or the other; and, therefore, he says—" lam rather glad,
at this early period, that it should be so low." His joy is
great, because the rint 's so small. What will it be then
when there is none at all ? That it is coming rapidly
to that consummation is apparent from this last appeal.
" It would be an utter impossibility," he continues, "that
this, their own association, can go on, if they don't sup-
port and stand by it." So—there's an end of Tom
Thumb I—Dublin Mail.

ANOTHER CLERICAL CHASTISER.—At a small vil-
lage situated eight miles from this town, a party of
young persons were assembled together on the night of
the 23d of January, amusing themselves at small plays
and dancing in a house on the roadside between Cliffoney
and Grange, and about a mile from the latter place, when
the door was suddenly broken in, and the Reverend Mr.
Keilty, C.C., who resides in Grange, was in the midst of
them, laying round him in a most furious manner with a
heavy loaded horsewhip, indiscriminately wounding the
heads, faces, &c., &c., of every one, old and young, men
and women, who came within the circuit of his arm.
Not content with this, and as if, like the bulldog, grow-
ing more furious when he had tasted blood, he now
turned the heavy end of his whip and felled to the earth
a young lad named Patrick Conway, aged 16 years, in-
flicting a fracture on his left temple; he also struck a
deadly blow at a man named William M`GoTeran, but
he, more fortunate than Conway, received it on his hand,
which was much cut and otherwise injured. Poor Con-
way has since been confined to bed in a very weak and
most dangerous state.—Sligo Guardian.
PRIESTLY LUXURY.—The Irish Roman Catholic laity
are starving—not so their priests. The last week has
given to the public, in the Freeman's Journal, two ad-
vertisements announcing executorial sales of the effects of
two deceased Roman Catholic priests—the late Rev. John
White, P.P. of Baldoyle, and the late Very Rev. James
Carey, V.F. and P.P. of Swords. The executor of Priest
White, of Baldoyle, advertises " a fashionable outside
jaunting car, with plated harness ;" " richly carved
G -ecian sofas, and easy chairs in ponceau damask;"
" large chimney glasses, and thirty-inch mirror ;" " oil
paintings ;" " a variety of rich cut glass ;" " morning
and evening services of china." He mentions besides
" a barrel organ, which plays forty tunes"—we wonder
how many of those are psalms—and " a well-taught
speaking parrot, a celebrated mimic." But the Very
Rev. James Carey, of Swords, seems to have excelled the
housekeeping of the plain P.P. as was but reasonable in
a dignitary of the alms-supported church. He, too, had
his store of " valuable oil paintings," his " chimney
glasses," and his " pier glasses ;" his " Brussels car-
pets" and " easy chairs ;" his " morning and evening
services"—not church, but china—and his " dinner and ,
dessert services of the same." But it is chiefly in his
equipage that the dignitary outdid his brother church-
man. He had not only like him his "fashionable out-
side jaunting car." but in addition to this, in the event of
what Meg Dodds calls " a saft day for the crops," he had
Ea° WeadshOltlingdig tgugl:r;l"atailrzrAssetd hansv ebai
purchased during the intensity of the famine, and to have
cost—what does the reader suppose—only "130 guineas !"
And these vehicles were provided with "sets of plated "
harness," as well as ofbrass-mounted, ditto." The
luxury of the bedchamber furniture, the catalogue of
which is much too copious for citation, might shame a
London dandy.

MAYORALTY Or DUBLIN.-Mr. Reynolds has been
struck off the burgess roll of Dublin by a decision of the
Court of Queen's Bench, a decision which involves his
deposition from the Mayoralty. Mr. Reynolds, however,
announces his determination to hold the office on the
ground that his omission from the borough list is impro-
per, and this led to a stormy meeting of the corporation
on Friday week. Mr. Reynolds, attended by all the civic
officers, attired in their state robes, took the chair. Im-
mediately a battery was opened upon him by a section of
the town-councillors present, who protested against what
they termed the usurpation of the chair by a gentleman
whom the law had declared disqualified to sit there. Mr.
Walker would not address the hon. gentleman as " My
Lord Mayor," or " Your Lordship," neither would he
take off his hat while speaking, notwithstanding the im-
perative demands of Mr. Reynolds to respect the chair.
Sir T. O'Brien moved that the law officers of the Corpo-
ration be instructed to lay a statement, embodying all the
facts of the case, before counsel, so that they might at
once discover their true position. After considerable op-
position, the motion was carried, and the Council ad-
journed.—On Tuesday last another meeting was held, and
Mr. Reynolds, after a Jong speech, said that the opposition
to him was but a double-distilled Orange and unrelenting
bigoted persecution of him on account of his religion.—
Mr. Wauchob : I call you to order. lam quite incapa-
ble of saying or doing anything against your creed from a
bigoted and improper motive. (Uproar.)—Mr. Reynolds:
Answer me by-and-by.—Mr. Wauchob : I say, sir, I am
incapable of acting as you state, and I tell you, sir, you
are a liar, if you say I am capable of doing so.—The scene
which hero took place is indescribable. Mr. Reynolds
directed in a peremptory manner one of the servants in
livery who stood near him to take Mr. Wauchob into
custody. The footman immediately rushed on that gen-
tleman and laid his hands on him. Mr. Martin interfered
to prevent the removal of Mr. Wauchob, and was struck
on the face by the footman. Tne conservative members
of the house rallied round Mr. Wauchob to protect him
from violence, and the footman was obliged to retire. The
Marshal did all he could to stop the disturbance, and
there were loud cries for the police, but no constables
came. For some time a very serious riot was threatened
—all was confusion—several jumped upon the table ap-
propriated to the public press, others ensconced them-
selves near the chair, while those who were the actors in
the scene were mixed up together, buffetting and dragging
each other about, shouting and roaring in the most uni-
maginable state of excitement. The conservative mem-
bers continued to keep on their hats, and refused to re-
cognise the authority of the Lord Mayor. The Council
was excited to the close.