The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-10-29 00:00:00

tstrut 4-ThelUS.

There is a contest in Manchester for the mayoralty.
One party is for re-electing the present mayor, Mr. Pot-
ter; but another prefers Mr. Alderman Mayson.
Last week Jonathan Wolfenden was found dead in a
shippon at Oldham, after drinking a large quantity of gin
at a sale.

The Judge of the Lancashire County Court has ad-
judged the East Lancashire Railway Company to pay
£2 9s. to a farmer on the line for damage done to his
farm by the trespass of passengers on the occasion of a
collision, besides granting all other expenses.
MANCHESTER NOT A CITY.—" What makes a city ?
Whether a Bishopric or any thing of that nature ? "
Answer.—'Tis according to the first charter which made
them a corporation. If they are incorporated by the
name of Civitas, they are a city; if by the name of Bar-
giun2, then they are a borough.—Selden's Table Talk.
The large five story spinning factory of Messrs. Allen
and Co., Butter Market-street, Warrington, was destroyed
by fire on Tuesday. Two hundred hands are thrown
out of employment. One man was dangerously injured
by the rope breaking on which he was sliding from the
upper part of the building, and a boy fell on some spikes
and was killed.

On Thursday week a quarrel took place between a
fisherman and a sailor on Duddon Sands, near Calton-in-
Furness, and blows were exchanged. A ship's carpenter
named Kay, who was present, remonstrated with the
fisherman, who, in a fit of exasperation, desired his
daughter to fetch a gun, with which he took a deliberate
aim, and shot Kay through the heart. The fisherman's
name is Todd, and he has been committed to take his
trial at the ensuing Lancaster assizes on a charge of man-
slaughter.

The trustees of Owens College, Manchester, have cho-
sen Mr. A. J. Scott, Professor of the English Language
and Literature in University College, London, to be
principal of their foundation, with the professorial chair
of " Logic and Mental Philosophy, together with Gene-
ral Grammar, the English Language and Literature."
The salary will be £550 a-year, exclusive of fees. The
Manchester Guardian states that the executors of the
late Mr. Owens have intimated to the trustees that they
have realised, and are ready to transfer to the credit of
the trust, £75,000, from the outstanding assets of the
estate.

ABOLITION OF THE DINNER-HOUR IN THE MANCHES-
TER WAREHOUSES.—For some years past, the question
of
abolishing the dinner-hour, which intervenes so incon-
veniently with the progress of business in this town, es-
pecially in winter, when every hour of daylight is so valu-
able, has given rise to much discussion in the newspapers,
but heretofore without any practical result. We are now
enabled to state. however, that one important firm—that
of Messrs. H. Bannerman and Sons—has resolved, as an
experiment, during the coming winter, to abolish the
dinner hour in the middle of the day, and to close their
warehouse at five o'clock.-2lfancheBter Guardian.
A WOMAN STARVED TO DEATH..—A case occurred the
other day, at the Chorlton Union Workhouse, of a cha-
ee:siktaa,rbgslahisrehetmeeerant
racter rather singular, inasmuch as it was that of a wo-
man who was starved to death, through the stoppage of
the throat, instead of (as is more usual) through the
Afters Dil-
lon,to stoppage paagegeaedt onB
3fg,tahl
late
ee supplies-aarnty
plained of a lump in her throat, which prevented her from
swallowing. The house surgeon passed an instrument
down her throat. and removed the obstruction ; but on
the following morning the difficulty of swallowing re-
Inmate dinner Hero of
ntSnhauemn above
dayw as
re-
turned, and on the succeeding Saturday she died of ex-
haustion, through want of food. A diseased state of the
throat, after her death, was found to have caused the
symptom she complained of.

Oct 20, ISSO.

—,,,,,k
Iffrtruitural anb PorticoDOA

As this season is favourable for saying a few sr!,:t
the Camellia Japonica, the most princely of coll;SI
shrubs, we will give a few hints upon ieT
R believe
of ari
upon the best varieties in cultivation.
is no plant which requires more careful selectiOoo
than the Camellia; the ugly blotching of the leseithllo
so often disfigures the whole plant, together the
yellow, sickly tinge, are injuries resulting fret:n*ow
which in such cases will be found unsuitable.
rich loamy composts, others think highly of lea r4OO
but the best compost of all is well-rotted turf. "00,
been lying for a year or two protected from
by a sloping top to the pile: this mixed we 'dell°
equal quantity of fibrous heath soil, from se ode,"
heathy situation, forms by far the best :oil for the
rico
tiful plants. The latter article is one which is seotor
misunderstood; and more plants are ruined by notes
in g attention to this point than any other cause. 704
ers are too apt to think heath or peotY sell tirleatoOtict
soil, which is a totally different material, wh.,,,°":,
the cultivation of such plants as Camellias, tP
crises, and other natives of hilly districts. Eg,11.,`1 00
natural habitats of the common heath, at teru dtr
where it appears to thrive best, and it will be ot _be
sists principally of vegetable matter, in that Pecti_i of"
greatertnwoeen that dainffdertehnece blackc existsoi o between eat whenegn. two,rh 8:101501;10;00ov
of decomposition most favourable to the creation need
bonic acid gas, the essential element for the sostef 3000
vegetable life ; the latter consists principally
thoroughly decomposed, and containing too gresci
findp
tit
leao htavraentei
tnlo nfuneet
eragomtnio
fb o inorganicgs
ng especiallyi
osptamrusorm,
fiefteoanrrbedlineendds et
instance,
snacridet
instructionnt
ehsuitableresfArtoomefrsotti ruhesdat
Americana
etsieeip. ;is
many plants, cmhieeflfryn,mhoewleinlyearie:meontecativiaa:o7.reofoeuta;
or such as co
drons, Azaleas, Andromedas, and other Edell': eognr
moisture
seontci
temperature,
hloeeiuyclsadcil
dueel distributiontaiosv ifalytae,khhniloalvw,ionaftzthpealaasnsenoetiersl
ascertained
ndaoettsdi hot ent
luraihtit
anaabsbtupli setrilairsfat:sgi
attaa"roliloer co
difvicel ',leo, tit
sp
eao°l:°
they would not plant'it in the
smo ar
tr
ss
w,
irc
hp
will c e ibteinfoaunstdovees
. Rosa mundi,
Returning to the Camellia we will 00-10'1
CountesQ
Double White,Fim briata, and Old White, „eft,
Reine de Fleur, Donklaerii, and Traverser
'
Elegans pale red. anPdeciEalelylipwsoernittryteo2silllfev:fria:ipieats_ii:

OPERATIONS FOR THE 317561'.
tt
Stove, Conservatory, (i.e.—Where climbers sop to
to the rafters, it is very necessary at this seoi toto
mine them thoroughly and prune away evers see
shoot. They should also be fastened into 0. bpe;s
space as possible, to avoid excluding the 11$•
becoming more scarce, from other plants' A. rnil4
pelargoniums may be re-potted with advantsPu4
rotted meadow turf will be found the best sod. '0%.",
be entirely free from any stimulating Inanur,etisttiO
growth during the winter months is by no blue
000
ble. Chinese primulas and the white and lebiefli bit
of Viola arborea are now beginning to be avails oneit
conservatory. Camellias and chrysanthetnnol ctd•
benefited by a moderate application of wea":allol:4;
liquid manure. Heaths require a thorough bests 60
and, as most other conservatory plants Will b 10A
amount of fresh air, all favourable occasions,;, 011"
taken for admitting it in the middle of the de 0,
care to close early.
airs ott Joir
Kitchen Garden.—Plants in frames req.;notw ati
Their strength must be improved by the jut' ''.flouters -
sion of air in dry weather, particularly cau
lettuces.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPOSP— apri'ddl
Botanicos.—We do not wonder at your, s'fb°:it
finding the strange-looking flower you send to s;o0
perfectly familiar with it, we also were surrs`,lloo"o
at this season of the year. It is the SYnn 'weld
fcetidus (Nuttall), an Aroideus plant, usually P° rage
sprin. 0.158
W. s
Davies.—The beautiful light-coloured. crOP
is the Belle Archinto, and the dark one ititoOellit
superieur, both of wnich produce very Perceicligooll
this season. The former one is not so we.' trot
ought to be. tanf, tiot/
J. M.—Get Schleiden's Principles of BP': NO
lated by Dr. Lankester. It will give you ail tbew
you want.

miob
MISCELLANBA• +
peen Ob.
The Vegetable Marrow.—l nave n veg, fe
various experiments this autumn with PP" sou, o_,
marrows, and I find they contain a rich svgsflortbe'oil
naceous matter, and my taste, as well as that of the of
whom I have sent them, very much approves orroo
cooked after the following manner :—Cntlilieseelstoos
into manageable lengths, take out the pith ern
sms,,ageluatne,ddepizsetehhoepofieuvtrte,fgoaeartlllaaitbtcitilleueleefbeounwrt.at;:terr,
and t:
boil them in plenty of water, with salt ; voe'disilegAo
scrape out all the marrow, put it between tcy°ll, se",bett
that early potatoes are grown, for to grovlLlr,„de
t:eßnuintgmprgso.bjlevetei:;:ollo,oSooo:o,
longer is a waste of land, and starving oft naeoTote*
'ena
lmittalsehmiti;;:e‘ to
r-il.°l,oeflir,
until better seasons come ; the early sort:este°7oolP,
taken great care of during the winter, and '1000915t
commended in my pamphlet, will be off the gg WV!
The seeds of the marrows may be sown ob°-„er. „ant
May, in the open ground, in any warm °°,rinot W:fri
transplanting time comes the potatoes w" eireo9o,
ripe, but proceed thus : lift a root of netet°•.,ht fe
or six feet apart in the row, leaving six °r elson• jast°'
potatoes between the rows of marrows, and,„,s°entl t:$111'
that with moderately rich land I can grew 00' i6e'
the acre easily. When ripe they can bestow, od for Poi
where, and may be boiled along with other 1 ar fie bot
for all pigs' food ought to be boiled. Wb„.,,rece tbenrfor
the cottagers do boil the food they alwaYs u:;ption;iiete
pigs, which are sooner fit for home eonsu7rovcs
the market. The cottager may grow 919A115, tre; 011
other things will not grow, such as en wikroityngoiag.
poles, and over his cottage. The trouble M the eve to
not be much, and would occupy his time blboiticlo;ti of
Landlords'and farmers might also, perhaPe,,, of I°,oo
give prizes for the best produce in the shaP".pe 000
two of dung. There is no mistake about riood Deed
being first-rate food for pigs, and they fort° g bofe
food. I have eaten half a pound dressed as 9 the_,,,te
tter ft,-
day for six weeks, and I like them much be boy! 7
dear and half rotten potatoes which we n°w yen°
Cuthill, Florist, Camberwell, Oct 4. hive Linde
Sale of Mr. Linden's Orchids.—.A.ltbang gr.g
much knowledge of the plants belonging
which are about to be sold by auction, we arethinge;(ol
that among the collection are many fine of fee
into to lot
to
able te 00
Uroped alone is one of the most extraord
lOonrcgh;idss,ohbraaviiyag
dtaicilhsottoomtaheisflobwyerfasrEnth°ree fthnae:st9ufuloret it!
catalog 01 to
genus. Eriopsis biloba, called in the, 1,,0t, e ear
second name of rutidobulbon is ap, ;is sttlletie:
Some drawings that accompany the Poi f go,Psiso
represent charming species, in the wa,Y ; ana
Myanthus, Odontoglossum, and Oneialuo,
; iyet I°l%e f9f
new white-flowered genus, unlike anythian,,capital
botanists. The present opportunity
securing novelties for the exhibition Is
1851 90a
n

MUSIC.

NEW

The
20TT,7a,,sttoeehrpocoleosnq.:TaGfralerocvher:. for
o—t—nhdeoPui:al3flritroesinCe°6l3s°C96l°'
theT noblei
npraitmuroalis
abdjysostzyQis, the first Of a series of marches, •-, 1 ifi 7. 0
comprise,liad
• aboafate.toi
ccbtC as
position which it formerly occupied bY P°. s 041'
zourkas, and other similar compositions, the serteas co;
most acceptable. The present is a bold and Off° 00
position,. and possesses considerable originalitY,:nd el
iswl style andof music, Ciudad
which Rodrigo.
has
of l
aTt
eo
bt he
eenl
joovsetries: 0.:10.0.,_
basso massive, and affording excellent Pe--Lt two all
The change in the octave from three flats to
etlrlyinefftheentirreeacahndopflefaasiirn:erforrnerds 1 pprectace;
At'
---

i-,,,,g1. .f.„'o,
ranged as an easy Rondo by
Krieger's March (Warrior's March)• """-- v"
Andre Noralall' 6,
very D'Almaine and Co Ida of Agt
A simple and lively quick march, in the "ni jo '
two-four time. There is something very Piqua-
air, and the bass is neat and effective.

milt
------ T 130'd
My Village Girl. Ballad. The Poetry by -..031110 '
Esq. ; the music composed expressly for LOU' Co:,t,
by Alexander Lee. London : D'Almaine 401 wit
" My Village Girl" is one of the most deligb''dersti
lads we have had from Mr. Alex. Lee for a clasiconcvve
time. It is graceful and full of feeling. In "...„" to 13,,1f
room, and in the drawing room both, we venttrotir
dint for this song an enthusiastic reception, its t's"
English both in melody and sentiment.
--...5.........ff50
.
:Ate 5,

--..-
esting lecture was delivered in the Cotton S° fbilecri ,
by Mr. Phillips, the inventor of " The Fire Au° eti 0
The lecture was accompanied by a series of Prtieso4lo
thet„ited, ter
THE FIRE ANNIHILATOR.--On Wednesclelll4;l
lustrations of the lecturer's discovery of the "'et 001
subduing and extinguishing fires. In the outfebeted,
lecture Mr. Phillips entered into a variety 0 ~,j viortgi
explanations respecting the properties of fire V 9, 19
owabsoSsueerlrdtvianntgeioctenhsawstairitithl
necessarily
eathexs
in itself one of the ingredients which COnsti'd ot pP
Fire and water were nearly alike, being e°l"%sed iY,
tasintmagruitsiltsianhkgaernfirorenpo,otiasointndirt,:folsitot*.ppvin°;,totipoite
same proportions of oxygen and hydrogen, pro
cases fire generated water nearly in the ogle 're 00
of weight as the fuel consumed, and thee
when thrown upon flame, positively increa3eche 1,41)3
in consequence of the oxygen it contained. qetlyi T
here illustrated this theory by a number of e'-osit4oooo
which clew ly demonstrated the truth of the Poi 00
assumed. tie then explained the Princitinsingli ee:
vention, which consisted of a vessel ce°l-"cragrt,4
mass of charcoal, nitre, and gypsum, whi%ri eJeole'd
structed as to act upon a fire by turning - t A •
ta Os rtee'
moment's nctice. The effect of it. he sei-, ould .0,1
be to extinguish a fire at once, where waferug rex
accomplish the object in consequence °%ion P_l, re
element. By the process under his liven. ichic.' o:0'
mass of vapour was thrown into the deo3esi ht ~,,b800;
could not stand against. These vessels Wig 10euttfr
structed of any size, and be worked at ecelloijah r-
power, so as to be applicable to warekouseof
description of building.

ISSSI
Ilnif3/'

2., 1850.

{ea ti
ne -
'laltic7
stri?e,;i:

:50 flow.
ao
reaii ri

gn • iaeu
s are "
•an
- leo
serfatall;
)s 5 ro"
SP"if
:age'
1. Itis
ar e
e
)1110,rtifor O:
ilab`e 'll '
ros °a' elegy.
k 811'
15beg 513°t805
(151'

„tte-t
cl'e .o- .-
7,3 adt9ind
itiowe

' ThoorPri-db
fed to Seeoo
'n
00 00.
0'
11 ,

rose
Cbins Crs°' tat
t
,is ers o°`l o,lll'
'Pall- ..

tre

bacedeof
LiD to
blO to 508
yooee
0,0 ftot
et °f t its
andbar
gr r teo
0 ear
....,1;11eti4(;
110 a sb:4o
to
t I'ollll°{lSCelifg
tot
,nd

09ev
Ce'
,e Of'

to
hick a ;co'
;aloof I, of
!tried 00
1100'110
ro
:„ries so
oig
b
OP a the
▪ tic&
1 mod'
,

ingl• v,.
ISO'

f U'
,kel° 016
lot ill

tOlir
13°IP'
01.4dr
J
is
ou co 2,
S' 1 In
ig
btfe.4l,
the re
re to 0,
;tuher°lls

CORRESPONDENCE.
11T1%! -40-
LIVERPOOL MAY BE IMPROVED, AND
tIIE
LEDBoND DEBT AT THE SAME TIME
LIQUIDATED.

t 0 7,„
"I? EDITOR OP THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
cot tai
.fully concur in the justice of the strictures,.
tosstientl I° your last publication, upon the injudicious
rotho__,n which for some years past, the income. of our
leap
.e tate has been diverted from legitimate and
a
deac,i,„", etel purposes to he expended upon works of
Poshiren and costliness only justifiable upon the sup-
beee „" that every pressing want of the communit had
tardinoesly attended to. I agree with you also in re-
peat tz, tue improvement of our streets, the widening of
ks it olizhfares the opening out of ventilating shafts,
eetiseiwere, from the river and the outskirts through the
Of
wY-ec.rowded portions of the town, the construction
eSsncittr, 'I-arranged system of sewerage, and other works
(100
°five to the salubrity of the locality, as the descries
he useful and needful undertakings, which. ought, in
'ttical rillnstanee, to have engaged the attention of our
fe -"tB' A.B matters have been regulated, however,
the c,°' Improvements which have been undertaken by
ithiisaoration have been botched for want of means
cr;
them 4"
losta, the opportunity of mak_-,
(acooeltbeen for ever. So long ago as 1843 Mr.
Ntief litdine, in a paper read by him at the Polytechnic
the s Y, 'Peaking of the widening of the approach, from
,silth, st.
George's Hall, remarked—
tlteti Will be
approached from Ranelagh-place by a street of
l'kiaYet•-•us broad. U Uniformity of elevation will be the
oa of the new nedifices to be. erected on the west•
the Is to be thrown back ; but with a slight alteration
li"lhorirat side, to ease the obtuse angle at the bottom of
‘44l,tit -street I re
gret to add that, although the Act of Par-
-1:„11 l,"tkves Power to alter the elevations on that side, we are
...74thie,ie Finance Committee that the funds are wanting;
Ztiltp,rovernent will be, so far as complete,noneerszle j:oree-
'-'40114 6 handsome appearance, the other re d
N the contrast."
tijcteirttale self-compelled parsimony on the part of the
o'ft:es no doubt interfered to prevent other streets
1-,MPIe, Dale-street and Tithebarn-street. 7idenead
s-'°,Poration at a great expense—havingh
'"tlc,'°il the site of the old property removed, buildings
ot4 °I the tow
(~;`Mdi', °it', there'll another circumstance, which now
tt.,N".au.fearful barriers between the Council and the
ern t of any measure of material advantage to the
snEt4hl at all events, of any measure involving cori.
itle'llzeol7fPenditure. Our rulers have gone on, thus ar,
N:mulct at every step of their progressan intelirkeesta-
.debt, the annual charge of which bangs
t,wtlr ha:;l2ht upon our backs ; and has placed any hope of
ipt'lliiing a surplus, large enough to enable us to enter
have ei execution of such improvements as those which
•lett„'anced at, beyond our grasp, probably for years
t„`'Dtit,;'• Prudent men are becoming startled at the
ef this debt —not, however, from any fear of the
t,""titi of the securityat present, for that is perfectly
but with a prospective glance at the
he Puture
blic are beginning to regard with a jealous
f4l,e'eas"Y neW project of the Council, which threatens to
i.lieene the dead weight, in the shape of interest, upon
t^.1410-411 e of the Corporate Estate, and thus further to
h"stedla the period when a larger surplus may be ex-
;,`,°„_he
improving, relieving the burthens of the ,
`llep rrs, or cut of its own resources, the
tkas: condition of the town. The same cause—an in-
eently ?efdth,e interest-bearing debt of the estate—has re-
l'tes the nuhlie to protest against the carrying out,
to 'et. of the proposed new orkshas even
L''lat serious mootin of the questionq—" Is the Dock
0,1(.1%);',1"ent ?" In the case of neither bodies ought any
1,:0°,7‘ ,to exist • and in fact, that it does not exist to
Do„.Lenal extent' is apparent from the fact that both.
~"°0) Com mittee and the Corporation have at this
t7a grit
More mone tendered them on loan than they
uP, or r q yire. Still, when the interest upon
i7)4,44brr°wed for uani work is an ascertained and per-
".a"ge whilst the return for the investment ist to
ext
t4se ent speculative, a strict and very proper aTit
acha--
det.„°_,er the proceedings of our public bodies is
t`" which, equally with the want•of actual available
tOitler9 the Puroe, arising out of existing power.s an
hllstr„', may leads to omissions and shortcomings in the
'l4 31iGn of important and necessary wcrks, which
init is may live to regret
tomprie oc',,euestion of the burthen. of interest upon the
k •' we
corporate estate, with which I propose now
bNs.., We are in urgent want of very many improve-
tail s4uatory and otherwise. Is there any safe
them ,
which these can be carried out, and own
il)ie,eas regards its salubrity, the excellence and
solidity
lf
h„-`4stifile buildings. and the number of its educations ,
;",titie„e, and other establishments, to the elevated
bA'te4;' which we should all wish to see it attain, with-
IkNahsa'llng upon the local revenue an immediate and
"Lent burthen, in the shape of interest upon the
",
htei, pended in the carrying out of these objects ?
07'1)cir 't sir, that there is such a mode by which t.he
flincittl9n of Liverpool may be placed in the possession
k,11,1' the' 'or
true carrying out of any useful improvements,
\,lt4ailtr, contion of any remunerative works, without
?es'' Presently or ultimately, a shilling of cost to the
ses 9l,r or ratepayers of the town.
10N, PPosal, sir, amounts, in reality, to this and little
a change in the mode of borrowing money
TlrCrN°rPoration. At present that body obtains the
est 4kiy"lred for the construction of any works i
beyond
redePPenditure by issuing its bonds, bearing inter-
)o able or if wished, renewable in five years. I
Vllcl that/4;1 it ;hall issue, instead of bonds, notes of one
It r,ituvards, at twelve months date' and
Inote beef at
after
in e pay,,Sueh notes to be received at any
tV, and to Tent of rates, renrs, &c., to the Corpora-
ty, reet„_.?e re-issuable by them up to the period of
th heir 0;11tY, in payment cf wages and other liabilities
sect !aerie." servants and tradesmen. Such notes would
111,'`lity :41 the unctions of a local currency ; and theirm
money would be undeniable, not only from
fo.ts°,l4to'otlhgetbfaecet-ntt'aret Corporateeia Estate at their back, but
issued strictly in payment
4/lvt its e, Materials, Bc,c., evegry separate note would repre-
lah'eur,.wn amount of value added to that estate.
tti,.4l'seifleaders will by this time have perceived, as you
iehuaye doubtless done from the commencement of
b,op ,ter. that the course which T recommend is the
ola°l,d''); the Corporation of the time currency system,.
It been ec in your columns by Mr. W. Bancks, and whiclit
thcm several occasions ably advocated by yourstel
t.
utteo, at the leading principles and advantages of ha
Wtelive been already sufficiently made. public; and
I tN understood, by all who feel an interest in the
tit oil 41t8 to require no further explanation at my hands.
port to erefore content myself with giving a few illus.
to Es What what would have been the position of the Cord-
-1114 wt a% tate had the system been adopted years ago, an
tne advantages which it promises if adopted
Nthj.f7
e
Zdenz •
ng of Dale street was effected say twenty
V I% "I assume that as the date
an
for convenience,
is l',etttea not certain as to its precise accuracy—at
ortolcoat of £lOO,OOO. The money we may assumed
N't,,tked "ad at 4 per cent. We have, therefore, had
tit tt's interest upon that sum since it was first bor-
441:titete:tiarge amount of £BO,OOO, or, allowing for loss
I ealt 9n payments. muc
W.Wlth in two ways, vi
more, which we might
z. :
Le th; L'night, with the £4,000 paid yearly in interest
ih" oondholder, have cancelled £4,000 in notes,
l'ettVreference, might have capitalised the amount,
Way ; and as the reduction of the debt in the latter
!:ttehwould have been achieved upon the principle of
.441;4111.1d interest, £BO,OOO of the debt would have
`,,hd tP4'd off in the first sixteen or seventeen years,.
t°lll•Rt remaining £20,000 would have been in rapid
tueth-:"of bing liquidated. We should thus have
uties"e, net few years' time, to add £4,000 a-year
IPrPlus income. Or,
4's a
irate h ex ended this money, thrown
ving ave
P • ents thus
kvioz rest, upon further improvem _
Ott t° the estate the charge for money bprrowed
astteet PorPose; or we might have devoted it to the
It°nllll4'4 of useful and remunerative works. For ex-
e, it would have more than sufficed for the erec-
-001 baths and washhouses in every ward of the
~4ve Which, being paying establishments, would
Verpot(mstituted a clear and large accession to the
11'41; (,t,,,ate estate.
11,4 110vv-fe's Hall and the New Law Courts have
t ',lout ten years in course of execution •, and
tilltNStital,s,P to this time, I believe, about £120,000. As
tAter be ' however, has been extended over ten years,
t 4 e,l'res'lmed nearly equably, the amount paying
tST,o6ill.litil„.,lY..for that period may be fairly put down
h -I'.his gives £2,400 per annum,
. which we
I,Neeted 'aYttig for ten years for a building not yet
ns f 4 never expected to yield a revenue ; or it
1`1,.4 sotn of £24,000 to be added to its cost, as
th°ntwhich might have been saved by the
1()° of the time-currency system, would more
hive completed the southern approach to the
been
Mr. Samuel Holme represents truly as
tilve beee_co botched for want of funds. Or, it might
t„e we," devoted to the cancelling of the notes, in
Afte
all)" described; and thus, at the end of
AHdlllin hnal years more, we shol.ild havp had our
tr,-„..Y complete, without its having cost a
reti, now the burgesses.
1?k ray frwlialt!! respect to the advantages to resultilprvoesa-
thk:l4„terest.iLhe.adoption of this system.
111 el4tlrße of7,a,rnig debt at present contracted,ethenana-..
"slat i„wntch pulls heavily upon the resources t
Ott', `et “c°rne. The increasing productiveness of
it ti-oktollrZever, enables us to meet it ; and notwith-
-11,!3 tQoave f,'allY subsidy to St. George's Hall, we c.0n-
04. 1,, be ja` small surplus fund. This annual subsidy,
kio" ettil)°oe je:sPed, Will cease to be required in a year or
e, lve rate r the monster, which has swallowed up
btesy icia‘,.enue so remorselessly, will be closed;
it,tasl,44),it forward to an annual surplus of, say, in
hey Wits,3o,ooo. With such a surplus,, it may
wo.C,te it, esert to ally new borrowing at all . Why
t:IS it arises, to such improvements, or
i).:4„.rept,"enecessities of the community call for ?
boc, `4e he is an honest and prudent man
14 P.44),C1V. of his prosperity, sets himself to
.the
k4),,,tllll,titi.tet tlifss,debtB and the Corporation of LP, er-
Oht "tic needful and, at the same time, carry out every
titt, the s are , Work within the borough. Say that
eeo`ter ~vtUrntos `fletermined upon to the extent only of
)11tItIttli,i'llont ?ad will cover, and we cannot go much
lias is tt°l.ng to Parliament : the course which. I
k, t Pre issue notes of the Corporation for the
tit aY, e gresses
te t nee (plat t , the total amount for the first year
'sil:ticeivel.bh,ovi:vetrhe£3o,ooo surplus. income. There
the Corporation
for such restriction. These notes
tk4 tirkil the f, whe., toeration for. rents, rates, &c., are
PIN iull ar maturity, replaced by. notes
teti at the end o
44 -44 .tnonths to run, thus keeping
.the
4410:tut, .wiLaeti
f the year. Thirty
Pro
af r " of work has thus beendone, or
l'ettY acquired or created ; and the

thirty thousand pounds surplus is left intact. With this
I would pay off thirty thousand pounds' worth of interest-
bearing bonds. But it will be asked, perhaps, by some
one who is not in the habit of pausing to think—" You
have only cancelled one debt to contract another by your
operation." Well, this alone, I reply, is of itself a gain ;
for I have replaced an interest-bearing debt with one
which bears no interest, and the security for, or symbolic
representation of which, circulated amongst the commu-
nity, answers the purpose of money for most of the ordi-
nary purposes of society. But, I add, I have done more
than this. Without increasing the obligations of the Cor-
poration one shilling, I have added thirty thousand
pounds' worth of value to the public estate! Still more
than this I have effected by the operation ; I have distri-
buted thirty thousand pounds of actual value amongst the
industrious and trading classes of the town. Pursuing
the system, in ten years the following would be the result :
There would have been expunged of interest-
bearing bonds
Add interest on such bonds, saved, or devoted
to further cancelling ..

Making a total of about • .. 360,000
of debt reduced, the annual interest of which, at 4
per cent., £14,000, would stand at the credit of the
estate, and increase the available surplus to £44,400.
Pursue the working of the system further, and it will be
seen that the liquidating process will become still more
rapid.
But, it may be asked, have you during these ten years
been issuing your twelve-months' notes to the extent of
repayment of interest-bearing bonds ? I answer, " Yes—
if works of a useful or necessary character have been re-
quired ; No—if they were not so required." Take the
first supposition. Say that £300,000 pounds' worth of
time notes are in circulation at the end of ten years. So
far as the question of debt goes we shall have accomplished
by the £300,000 issue the liquidation of £360,000. We
have also substituted a debt bearing no interest, for one
the interest of which would now have been £14,400; we
have expended in labour, and thrown into the channels
of trade, £300,000, and added that amount to the value of
the public estate. But more than this : the works which
have thus been constructed are many of them remunera-
tive. Say that they return only 24 per cent upon the
outlay, we are thereby placed in the receipt of an addi-
tional income of £15,000 per annum, which may be de-
voted either to the more rapid liquidation of the bonded
debt, or to the cancelling of the notes themselves. By
the time that ten years rave expired, however, we are
greatly inclined to think that the public will be disposed
to prefer infinitely the former course.
I pause here, sir, staggered, I must confess, at the
splendid results which must follow the adoption of this
system, even to the paltry extent of an issue of £30,000
per annum, extended over a period of ten years. These
results would be, at the end of ten years, the bonded debt
reduced by £360,000; improvements and useful works
created to the extent of £300,000 • and a surplus revenue
of, in round numbers, nearly £60,000 per annum. What
could prevent Liverpool becoming, under the operation of
such a system, what you yourself, sir, predicted her be-
becoming—" a city of palaces ?"
I am perfectly prepared for some carping objections to
the system. lam prepared to be called myself a dreamer
of wild dreams, or any other name with which the world
may favour me. In the language of the dramatist, how-
ever, I say, " Strike, but hear !" To our local rulers es-
pecially I say, weigh the system ; examine its working ;
test it by the rules of arithmetic; test it by the rules of
political economy, or of monetary science ! It will stand
all your tests, and come out of the fire unscathed. A few
little difficulties of detail there may exist; a few preju-
dices may require to be soothed down. But these are
mere anthills thrown up in the path of the locomotive ;
mere straws thrown against the wind, if men of resolution
and intellect will only devote themselves to the task of
overcoming them ; and thus realise for this great com-
munity, and for other communities, the vast advantages
with which the system itself is so palpably fraught.

Apologisingv for the length at which I have trespassed
upon your columns,
I am, sir, your obedient servant.
ALPHA.
Liverpool, 26th Oct. 1850.

THE CONTROVERSY BETWEEN ARCHDEACON
WILBERFORCE AND DR. M`NEILE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
SIR,—I read in The Times of this day Archdeacon
Wilberforce's reply to Dr. M'Neile's last letter on the
Royal supremacy in Church matters. It was with regret
I saw that the London Standard had refused to insert it.
The plan adopted by yourself is much the fairer one,
inasmuch as both sides of the question are given, so that
the public may read and judge for themselves.
The Archdeacon is evidently ill at ease, for instead of
defending himself he has recourse to the old system of
abuse, and revives the old cry of the " woman Jezebel "
against Dr. M`Neile, as though he believed that the Rev.
Doctor intended to apply the term to our beloved Queen.
Does the Ven. Archdeacon really believe such to be the
case ? or is there a man professing Protestantism, and
with any knowledge of the Romish controversy, that for
one moment could imagine he ever intended the expres-
sion for her Majesty ? Surely not. It was made a con-
venient handle by the late Mr. O'Connell, who tortured
the expression into a meaning to suit his purpose, which
was to crush an inconvenient religious and political oppo-
nent ; but the thing is rather exploded now, and cannot
be well revived, nor ever would have been revived but
that the Archdeacon's cause is so rotten that he makes
use of this lame prop to support it.
The Archdeacon (whether willingly or not I won't say)
misinterprets Dr. M'Neile's pririciples. For instance, he
tries to prove the Doctor's inconsistency in this matter
by his conduct in opposing Roman Catholic emancipation
and the Maynooth grant. But surely in this he exercised
his undoubted right. Before opposing these measures,
he never subscribed to any declaration approving of them ;
but Archdeacon Wilberforce does subscribe to a law in
Church matters, then condemns that law, says it is against
the law of Christ, and has such a convenient conscience
that. in opposition to his own convictions, he remains in
the Establishment, and, I suppose, receives the emolu-
ments. If, before becoming a clergyman of the Church
of England, it was necessary for Dr.M`Neile to subscribe
to and approve of a grant to Maynooth, it would ill be-
. come him to afterwards disapprove of and oppose such a
measure, and remain a minister of the Establishment.
But has he done so ? Clearly not. _

The last paragraph of the Archdeacon's letter I don't
understand. Whare has Dr. M`Neile said the Queen was
the final expositor of God's revealed law ? But Iso far
agree with the Doctor that I thin& it would" be an abuse
of language to call" all the visible members of the Church
of England a spiritual body. How many members of it
are tearful sinners !—alas, how many !

.......„,...._ .
Allow me to express my high approval of your good
Protestant paper, and remain, sir, your constant reader,
R. D.

Manchester, 24th October, 1850

?Loral p.rius.

Mr. Alderman Molyneux has not resigned his municipal
dign.ty. _ _ _ _

The. Spanish steam-frigate Caledonia sailed from Cadiz,
on the 12th instant, for the Havana.
Memorials are in course of signature praying the Coun-
cil of the National Reform Association to hold one of
the great meetings in Liverpool.

Sfi George Stephens has recently settled in this neigh-
bourhood, and intends to exercise his acknowledged
talents as a member of the local bar.
The county magistrates have decided upon establishing
at once a mounted police force for the protection of the
inhabitants of the outskirts during the winter months.
EVERTON WARD.—Another meeting of Mr. Walthew's
friends took place on Friday evening, when it was deter-
mined to use every effort to secure his return.
GREAT GEORGE WARD.—Mr. W. Ashley Clayton has
come forward in opposition to Mr. Harbord, who we
hoped would have been returned unopposed.
On Tuesday a little girl, named Johnson, living in
Norfolk-street, died from injuries received from having
spilled a quantity of scalding tea on her bosom.
The cotton porter, named Frazer, in the employ of Glen
and Anderson, who broke his thigh as stated in our last,
died on Tuesday. _ _ _

A girl, named Gee, is in custody for concealment of the
birth of an infant, which was found crying in the cesspool
of her lodgings, 10, Cable-street, but subsequently died.
It is proposed that an Eisteddfod in aid of the Welsh
Charity School shall be held in Liverpool next spring.
The chief poetical prize will be for the best poem on
" Navigation."
About sixty packages of gunpowder, containing not less
than 2,000 lbs., and about half-a-dozen casks of rum,
have been seized on board a coal-hulk, moored off the
Magazines.
A meeting of the Roscoe Club was held on Thursday,
but nothing definite was resolved on. It was, however,
resolved to appeal to some of the wealthy honorary mem-
bers with the view of reducing tho debt. _ _

- _
Mr. Tuton has provided 'accommodation for the late
occupiers of the Pedlar's Market, by opening a com-
munication between Deane-street and Great Charlotte-
street. It is to be called the Royal Free Arcade.
.

The pupils of Miss Banbury's' school, Bedford-street,
have presented Mr. W. Clark, professor of history and
geography, with a richly bound copy of Milton's Poetical
Works, together with a chaste papier macho portfolio.
THE MARQUIS OF HASTINGS.—An address, nume-
rously signed by the clergy, gentry, and tradespeople of
Castle Donington, has been forwarded to his lordship,
congratulating him on his narrow escape from drowning
at Liverpool on the 27th ultimo.
On Friday. at the Sessions'-house, the following gen-
tlemen, nominated by the Shipowners' Association, were
elected, by the registered shipowners, as members of the
Liverpool Marine Board : namely, Charles Cotesworth,
315 votes ; John Palmer Younghushand, 299; James
Bold, 229 ; William lmrie, 265 ; Joshua Prowse, 324 ;
Francis Anderson Clint, 240. Fourteen other gentlemen
were voted for in the course of the day.
The Irish Priest and his flock, 1,200 in number, from
Wicklow and Wexford, sailed for America last week.
They carry out with them about £16,000, and the pas-
sage was obtained at only £2 16s. 6d. per head. They
will settle at Arkansas, in th' valley of the Mississippi,
where a site for a church and school will be chosen, and
such as are possessed of means will purchase land around,
and the rest will settle in the neighbourhood in hopes of
being able to make similar purchases.
A series of balloons, to which were attached the address
cards of the host of the White Lion Hotel, Rhyl, were
started from that establishment on Friday. One of those
which were let off at two o'clock in the afternoon was
picked up near Congleton at half-past three the same
afternoon, having travelled a distance of seventy miles in
one hour and twenty minutes ; and another, which took
the direction of Hoylake, was found the stone evening
about a mile beyond Aintree Racecourse..