The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-02-26 00:00:00

HOUSE OF COMMONS—TnuRsimy

Sir GEORGE GREY, in reply to Mr. Stuart Wortley, said he
could not promise whether a bill would be brought in during
the present session to amend the law of settlement and remo-
val, but government were of opinion that the existing law
would require revision at the earliest practical period.
Mr. M. MILNER obtained leave to bring in a bill for refor-
mation and correction of juvenile offenders. Bill read a first
time.

The adjourned debate on Mr. Disraeli's motion respecting
the relief of the poor and the burdens imposed upon agricul-
ture was resumed by Mr. STAFFORD, who gave his decided
support to the motion. He demanded either that free trade
should be granted in alt its fulness, or that it should be admit-
ted to be a mere party measure.
Sir JAMES GRAHAM said the real question was a very large
one—it was whether we should commence an entire review of
the whole fiscal burdens of the country, should reverse the
relief policy of the last six years, and should change the admin-
istration—a question which had never fairly been put to the
house. He (Sir James) had no hesitation in admitting that
recent legislation had brought difficulty and distress to the
agricultural interest; but the question was, who would be
relieved by the proposed remedy ? Only the tenant under
lease, and he only until his lease had expired. But, as a mat-
ter of justice, he could see no equity in proposing to reconsider
our legislation, and transfer to labour the burdens now resting
on property. With the community at its back, the landed
interest was irresistible—without it, powerless. That interest
bad made a most improvident bargain in 1819, when they ac-
cepted a depreciated standard of value in consideration of an
exclusive market in corn, and they were now anxious to com-
mit another improvidence. He then showed the diminishing
character of the burdens on land (especially dwelling upon the
advantage of railway-rating), and also upon its exceptions,
and contended that it was not the interest of the landowner to
open up the question. But there were reliefs to which he
thought the agricultural interest entitled, in regard to bricks,
-timber, the income-tax, and the law of settlement. He de-
clared the general condition of England to be prosperous and
improving, and concluded, amid ministerial cheers by opposing
the motion.
Mr. GLADSTONE, agreeing with much that Sir James Graham
bad said, should vote differently from him, inasmuch as he did
not see that the great questions alluded to by Sir James were
involved in the decision on this motion. The tendency of this
motion was to draw off many from the protection agitation.
He should vote for it on the grounds of its justice. He believed,
from the moral relation of our landlords and tenants, the
tenantry at will would be benefited as well as the leaseholders,
and that English landlords would not seek to take that benefit
from it. It was no valid objection to the motion that ultimately
the landlords would gain by the change. He did not affect to
estimate the amount of gain which those measures would give
to the agriculturists ; but amount was no element of a question
whose basis is justice. He ended with a strong appeal in behalf
of the farmer, the yeoman, and the peasantry of England.
Sir ROBERT PEEL bore testimony to Mr. Disraeli's ability
and moderation in bringing forward this motion, but announced
his intention of taking an opposite course to that of Mr. Glad-
stone. He did not deny the existence of agricultural distress,
for which be felt very sincerely. [Here Sir Robert was inter-
rupted by a curious noise, apparently expressive of a certain
honourable member's doubt of this sincerity, and amid the
cheers of the house he said he should take no notice of these
" inarticulate sounds" which he intimated were, no doubt, as
good arguments as any others the member who made them was
able to utter.] Sir R. Peel then proceeded to express his con-
viction that the agricultural distress was " exceptional" ; and
in proof that it had some special cause, he adduced evidence
of similar agricultural distress in France and Belgium, which
were " protected" countries. He (Sir Robert) had been charged
with acting treacherously towards a certain interest. What
reason, (he asked, amid loud cheers,) personal or political,
could he have for such a course ? He alluded to an attack
made upon him by Lord Henry Bentinck, who had accused
him of having a pecuniary interest in supporting the funds as
against land. Lord H. Bentinck, in describing his (Sir Ro-
bert's) fortune, should, if he wished to speak truth, have
exactly reversed the account he gave of it. He then defended
himself for his course upon the corn-law ,• a course which, he
said, he believed had been his duty to God and to his country,
and of the wisdom of which he was more confirmed than ever.
Protection never could be revived ; and the landed aristocracy
would one day see that the abrogation of protection had esta-
blished their just influence more firmly than ever.
Lord HENRY BENTINCK said he wished to answer a few of
the remi rks of the right hon. baronet, the member for Tam-
hon. baronet had accused him (Lord H. Bentinck) of having
charged him with falsehood and treason.
Sir R.
-PEEL.—Treachery.

Lord H. BENTlllicoTiUdered that much the same thing.
If the right hon. baronet would now say that he had three-
fourths of his property in land, and one-fourth in money (oh,
ohlhe would be satisfied.

Sir R. PEEL (cheers).—Sir, I am really quite ashamed at
troubling the house. (Hear, hear.) If it is a satisfaction to
the noble lord, I will tell him that I have not onesingle shilling
upon mortgage. (Hear, hear.) What I said to the noble lord
was, that if he had just reversed his statement, and said that I
bad three-fourths in land and one-fourth in the funds, he would
have been nearer the truth. (Cheers.)
Mr. DISRAELI replied. He complained that his propositions
had never been discussed on their merits. Opponents had
gone abroad upon questions of principle, the doctrines of free
trade, and the law of settlement. Their criticisms, in fact,
were directed against his speeches of last year. On those cri-
ticisms Mr. Disraeli proceeded to comment, and raised the
repeated laughter of the house by his piquant allusion to
various expressions employed by Mr. Wilson, Sir J. Graham,
Sir R. Peel, and Lord J. Russell. The noble lord (Lord J.
Russell) bud written a letter in which great hopes were held
out by him to the agricultural body; and when he (Mr. Dis-
raeli) endeavoured to extract from him some definition of what
he meant, he got under the gabardine of the right hon. gentle-
man (Sir R. Peel) and said he meant exactly the same as that
right hon. gentleman. (Laughter.) The house had discovered
that evening what both of them had intended. By compensat-
ing the land for the reversal of the old commercial system, the
bon. gentleman meant taking off the duty on bricks. (Laugh-
ter.) The hon. baronet the member for Ripon was in the
secret—it was a cabinet secret—he, too, was for removing the
duty or. bricks. But the noble lord was against interfering
with bricks, and was for remitting the duty on stamps. Could
the distress of the agriculturists be relieved by such remis-
sions ? The right hon. gentleman the member for Ripon,
himself a great landed proprietor, said he had a specific loom-
ing in the distance, which would set the landed interest on its
legs—he would relieve them from paying the property tax.
And yet they were told by others, who talked much of cheap
bread, that the only new interests they were to regard were the
interests of labour. (Cheers.) He confessed he looked with
confidence to the Irish members, and recollecting how often
they had to complain, he did not hesitate to ask them to ac-
cept what he was offering them. (Laughter.) That laugh
showed the Irish members how they were treated in that house
on such snbjects. (Hear.) The right hon. baronet, the mem-
ber for Tamworth, had thought fit not alone to vindicate the
policy of late pursued, but also to vindicate his own character
—which, indeed, he had been vindicating for the last four years
—that night. (Laughter.) And he might say to the right hon.
gentleman that it became him to do so. (Renewed laughter,
gad" hear, hear," from the Protectionist benches.) For, emi-
tient as the right hon. gentleman was, he was not too great a
man not to do so. or to exclaim with Cosmo di Medici, though
got often with success, " I will in future appeal to posterity."
(Laughter, and prolonged Protectionist cheers.) He emphati-
cally denied that this was a measure intended to assist land-
lords...3r one of a series of measures the object of which was
to foster the interests of the aristocracy.—(Hear, hear, and loud
cheers.) Above all, it was the commencement of an era that
would increase the resources of the cultivators of the soil of
England, and it was the forerunnerof measures of policy which
should result in alleviating the condition of the peasantry of
England.—(Loud cheers, amid which Mr. Disraeli resumed his
seat.)
The house then divided. For the motion. 252; against it,
E 3; majority, 21..
The result of the division was received with vehement cheer-
ing from the Protectionists, which was met by similar cheers
from the ministerial benches, and the house adjourned at half-
paatone o'clock.

HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRIDAY.
On the motion of lard BuotiGitAat, who made a statement
of the objects of the measure, the Criminal Law Consolidation
Bill was read the second time,

In reply to a question froth the Earl of Harrowby, the Mar LANSDOWNE said a treaty had been sic-ned with Gen.
, the president of the Argentine Republic : but he could
not at present lay it on the table, as it bad not arrived in the
country.

The Earl of ABERDEEN expressed a decided opinion that he
should have done absolutely nothing in signing a treaty With
General Rosas, unless he secured the independence of toe Ar-
gentine Republic. He thought the treaty should have been
agreed upon in connection With the French government.

HOUSE OP COMMONS.—FRIDAY.
The Bolton Improvement Bill, and a number of other private
,hills, were read the second time.
Mr. J-I TIME gave notice of his intention to move, whenever a
vote should be asked for the army or the navy, that no vote be
agreed to until after the general financial statement of the
country should be made to the house.
J.4rd joLIN Ru.ssijj, postponed the Australian Government

Bill till the Bth March, in order to enable the house to receive
all the information which it-was possible to obtain, before de-
ciding on the question of-e single or double chamber.
Mr. HAWES, in reply to Sir D. Norreys, stated that an official
account had been received relative to the outrages on females
on board the ship Julian, and that the matter was under the
consideration of the emimitioncommissioners.—ln answer to
other questions Mr. Hawesi eaid it was true that outrages had
been committed on female emigrants on board two other ships;
but as the emigrants on board had not complained in time, the
officers of the ship had received the usual gratuities, and he
did not know that there was any way of punishing them.
The Party Procession (Ireland) bill was read the third time,
and passed.
Several minor bills were advanced a stage. _

Lord J. RUSSELL brought in his proposed measure for the
better management of the Woods and Forests and land revenues
of the crown. The noble •lord detailed at some length the
principal points of the measure, the object of which is to pro-
vide, under the administrations of the existing departments, a
more efficient control of the crown estates.

A brief discussion ensued, in the course of which several
members expressed their satisfaction at the nature of the mea-

The bill was read a first time

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL.

INDlA.—lntelligence was received on Wednesday in
anticipation of the Overland Mail, from India and China,
the dates being—Bombay,_January 17; Calcutta, January
7; and Canton, December:2B. The commercial advices
from Bombay state theta good deal of uneasiness had
been caused by the Bank of Bombay having further raised
its rates of discount, and its example having been followed
by the other banks. A general depression of prices had
taken place in all kinds of imported goods, owing to large
arrivals; and altogether, it is remarked, the state of-trade
in Bombay is anything but cheering. The reports from
Calcutta are of a somewhat more favourable character, so
far as the export trade is-concerned; but the import trade
is represented as being extremely dull and languid. On
the morning of the 6th of January, the ship Dartmouth
was burnt, as is believed, by incendiaries, in Bombay har-
bour, being the seventh in the port, and the ninth belong-
ing to it that has thus perished within these eight years,
the value of property thus destroyed exceeding a quarter of
a million. The Overland Friend of China has the follow-
ing,:—" Victoria, Dec. 29.—1 n the early part of the
month it was currently reported that Shap-ing-tsai was
again at the head of a formidable fleet; but, though it is
quite possible that such is the fact, the rumour has not
been confrmed, nor was it thought advisable to send an-
other force against him until authentic intelligence was
received. In the meantime, cases of- piracy are almost of
weekly occurrence in this harbour, and in the town rob-
beries are frequent."

WEST INWAN MAIL.—The Trent steamer, arrived at
Southampton, brings 45,000 dollars. 81,392 on account
of Mexican dividends. At Jamaica the trade was very
dull. The cultivation of cotton was proceeding with
energy and the quality was declared excellent. Crime
was on the increase. HAVANNA, 28th Jan.—Sugar firm,
supplies becoming somewhat abundant, but demand took
off all the produce,. Coffee scarce and dear. Freights
dull. No news from Mexico or Cuba. Weather very
wet at Demerara
.; crop seriously affected. At Barbadoes
business dull. Crop prospects favourable. Trinidad was
quiet and healthy. Cocoa much in demand for export.
Coffee in demand for Barbadoes. It St. Lucia, favour-
able change in weather. Sugar crop going on well.
More labour wanted. At Tobago, weather very favour-
able, and crop commenced.

A decree has been issued for erecting a 'monument
where Marshal Ney fell.

Thomas Meashain, who lately died at Hopkinton, U.S.,
is said to have killed, during his life in that neighbour-
hood, 2,550 deer, 219 bears, 214 wolves, and 27 panthers.
The accounts brought by the last West India Mail
speak of a frightful increase of crime in the island of
Jamaica.

Letters from Marseilles of the 4th announce that
twenty-two merchant vessels were totally lost during a
terrific hurricane which prevailed on the coast of Algeria
on the 27th and 28th of January last.

Letters from Jura of the 20tlistate that Mazzini has de-
finitely quitted Switzerland, and has proceeded to
London. Tranquility has been restored on the Swiss
frontier.

Every British colony in the southern hemisphere, from
the Cape to New Zealand, is threatened, not only with
commercial ruin. but also with social disorganization, from
the want of labour.

A letter from Arad states that the military authorities
of Pesth have issued a warrant for the arrest of Mr. C.
Pridham, a correspondent of the Times. He had returned
from Transylvania, and was secreted somewhere in Hun-

gary.
The National contains a letter from Bucharest of the
4th, announcing that the Russians are about to evacuate
completely the Danubian provinces, for the sake of indu-
cing Turkey to cease her warlike preparations, and of
stopping the retaliatory proceedings of Great Britain.
Advices from St. Michael's, Western Islands, state that
the gathering of oranges had been so abundant this season
as to make their value in the market almost nominal, and
it was feared that a considerable quantity of the fruit must
perish. _ _

A fire broke out in the treasury of the Palace of Prince
Peter of Oldenburgh, by the bursting of one of the heat-
ing flues, on the sth of this month. The immense stock
of plate belonging to the prince was melted, and a great
number of valuable documents, among them several state
papers, fell a prey to the flames.
Surprise has been felt among the English residents in
Paris by the announcement made, within the last two
days, that Lords Palmerston and Normanby have deter-
mined to appoint an English clergyman, who is an utter
stranger in Paris, to the office of chaplain of the British
Embassy. The place has been vacant ever since the death
,of the late Bishop Luscombe.
A CONVERT.—The conversion of a Miss Cavendish, at
Rome, and her reception into that church by the cardinal
vicar, was noticed in the papers some weeks ago, with an
intimation that she belonged to the Devonshire family.
The lady turns out to be the confederate of a soi disant
Mr. Cavendish, who has been lodged in the Castle of St.
Angelo, for attempting to swindle the bankers by forged
bills.

THE TRUE )Eris--His Holiness the Pope having as-
serted to the Bishops of the Pontifical States, that the
restoration of his temporal power ",ought to be ascribed
to the protection of the immaculate Virgin Mary," we
have the highest authority for denying that statement.
The Virgin Mary had nothing whatever to do with the
massacre at the gate of San Pancrazzio ; but the Pope's
authority could not live one hour in Rome without the
protection of General Buaraguay d'Hilliers.
AN UNHAPPY LOVER.-Mr. W. P. Anderson, a young
man of about twenty-four years of age, had been paying
attentions to a daughter of Mr. W. A. Moore. On Wed-
nesday, he proceeded to the residence of her father, in
Van Buren, ten miles from Bolivar, with the intention of
carrying her off to marry her. When he approached the
house, the father appeared at the door armed with a gun,
and warned him off. The bridegroom elect continuing to
approach, the father shot him dead.—Memphis (U.S.)
Eagle.

GREECE.—The Constantinople correspondent of the
Times has written a very remarkable letter on the effect
which the outrageous proceedings of Sir W. Parker in
Greece, are likely to have on the mind of the Emperor of
Russia, smarting under the wound inflicted on it by the
intervention of England relative to the extradition of the
Hungarian refugees.—On the 10th inst., two captured
Hellenic sloops-of-war were brought to Corfu, and the
English steamer Rosamond has brought two Greek mer-
chantmen to the same port.
ITALIAN BANDITTI.—Romagna continues to be infes-
ted by armed bands. • One of them, consisting of about
150 men, lately entered the district of Brissighella, the
population of which amounts to 3,000 souls, and where
posts of carabiniers and revenue officers are stationed.
The latter were disarmed, and their muskets thrown into
wells. The houses of the richest inhabitants were plun-
dered ; and the banditti having entered a ball-room in
the town, forced a priest and a canon to join in a country
dance.

THE LATE REMARKABLE CRIME IN BOSTON. —We
learn that Dr. Webster has made frequent complaints to
Mr. Andrews, the gaoler, that the occupants of the cells
in his immediate vicinity are in the habit of shouting out
to him at nights, uttering all sorts of unkind epithets, such
as " You're the man that cut up Dr. Parkman," "You're
a murderer," " You're a blood-thirsty scoundrel," &c.
This is all a delusion, the result of unpleasant dreams.
Dr. Webster has lost much of the buoyancy of spirits that
sustained him when he first became an inmate of the gaol.
—Boston Mail.
SNOW STORM IN GREECE.—THOUSANDS OF SHEEP
LosT.—A snow storm commenced on the 23d ult., and
continued the two following days. The thermometer fell
in Athens to 25 degrees Fahrenheit, the oranges were
frozen to the core on the trees in the gardens, and the
mandarins could be broken to pieces with a hammer.
Thousands of sheep perished in Attica, so suddenly did
the storm come on, and even the shepherds were sur-
prised, and many were lost in the storm. The loss is said
to amount to a fourth of the total number of sheep in
Attica alone ; and in northern Greece it is presumed that
the loss has been considerably greater.
A CAREFUL MAN.—Yesterday evening an English gen-
tleman, while strolling along the Boulevard Montmartre,
became a rich booty to some of the light-fingered gentry,
for on arriving at his hotel he found himself minus his
pocket-book, containing bank-notes amounting to £435,
and two bills payable to order for £133 6s. Bd. He had
had the precaution to take the number of the notes, but,
like the Irishman who, in order that he might always
know where to put his hand on the crooked sixpence,
without which he could not open his snuff-box, put it in
the inside and shut down the lid, he had put the list in the
same pocket-book with the notes.—Galign.ani.
THE AMERICAN BAR —Dr. Webster's friends applied
to the Hon. Daniel Webster, to conduct the defence, and
' offered him £2,000 to commerce, but he absolutely re-
fused, and would not touch the money. They then went
to Rufus Choate, but with no better success. Mr.Choate,
even with all his legal acumen and ingenuity, thought
Webster's a desperate case; he said he could conceive no
other defence to be set up, than that Parkman went into
Webster's private room, was there seized with a violent
fit of the ague, and shook himself all to pieces, one part
of his body going here and another there—some parts
down the privy, and others in a furnace, or box.
DREADFUL EVENT.—A dreadful explosion and fire oc-
curred at Naples, on the 6th ir.stant, which threatened
extensive destruction. The cellars of the Darsens, or
closed port, extend from the water's edge to a considerable
distance under the principal buildings of the city, includ-
ing the magnificent palaces of the princes of Salerno and
Capua, and the King's palace. In these cellars were
J ware.housed 277,000 cantara of coal, and on the morning
of the 2nd an explosion of fire-damp took place underneath
the pala,les of the princes of Salerno and Capua, which
threw don:n large portions of the walls, and it was with
great difficulty that the inhabitants escaped. It was as-
certained that the coal had ignited, and that there was
every reason to fear that the King's palace and the church
oat. Francesca de Pad would be destroyed.

WRECK 'OF'' AN AMERICAN BARQUE AND SHIP.—
Bermuda papersrof the 23rd ult., brought by the Niagara
steam-ship, report that the American barque' Mariette,
Captain Varmard, from Bath, Maine, bound to Havanna,
with a cargo of shooks, was wrecked upon the Long Bar,
at the west end of these islands, on the previous Sunday.
Whilst running close to the-reef, under a fresh gale from
the N.N:W.,`to gain a- port, she struck a point of rock
and sprung a leak, when, as the only means of- saving the
lives of those on board, the captain was compelled to run
the vessel fast upon the reefs, where she speedily became
a total wreck. His object in calling there was to land
seventy persons whom he had rescued from-the American
ship L.Z:which he met with in a sinking condition, in
lat. 38, lon. 67. The L.Z. was from New York for Liver-
pool. During a gale on the 13th she had sprung a leak,
which the crew were unable to stop, her pumps had
become choked, and she sunk soon after the crew and
passengers, seventy in number, had been removed to the
Mariette, only to encounter again the perils of shipwreck.
SAD FATALITY.—The following extract from the report
of the ship Macedon, records a fearful accident that befel
her on her way out to Port Adelaide from'Liverpool with
emigrants.:—" The Mahomed Shaw, which arrived at
Melbourne on the 4th of October, 1849, with emigrants
from London, September 3, met with a dreadful disaster.
All hands were aloft : they had been close reefing the fore-
topsailvsome of them were reefing the foresail, and the re-
mainder on their way down to assist on the foreyard, in all
25 men aloft, when suddenly a tremendous squall struck
the ship nearly dead aft, carrying away the =three masts,
when the whole 25 men were precipitated into the sea.
Seventeen were rescued, but the remaining eight perished
—viz., the carpenter, five able-bodied seamen, and two
apprentices. The hull of the vessel sustained-some slight
injury, but did not make more water than before the acci-
dent ; -the ship hove to under the mizen ; she strained and
rolled fearfully. but none of the emigrants were hurt by
those disasters." It is astonishing that none of the emi-
grants were injured by the sudden fall of all the masts, for
some of them must, we suppose have been on deck at the
time.

A 'RkLL BY FIRE-LIGHT TO THE MUSIC OF VESU-
*VIITS.-A correspondent at Naples writes on the 12th :
" At this moment the royal palace is between two fires !
About a fortnight ago a shock of an earthquake was felt
during a great storm, and a few days since the store of
.coals (250,000 quintals) became ignited. They were de-
posited in a vacuum extending from the arsenal to the
palace of the Prince of Salerno, a vast hollow like the
catacombs : of course all the inmates immediately de-
camped, and the sapeurs pompiers are at work, having
cleverly• run up a wall to save great part of the coals from
ignition-if possible. On the other side is Vesuvius in full
eruption, presenting a finer spectacle than has been wit-
nessed for many years. The lava flows in a north-eas-
terly direction, over the estate of Prince Ottiano, doing
great damage. The Carnival gaities are now transferred
from the Toledo to the saloons. Some fifty couples ap-
peared in costumes of the reigns of Louis XIV. and XV.,
and formed quadrilles at the soirees of La Marquise da
Ronda, Prince St. Antimo, and Princess Dentici. These
brilliant parties closed the festive season. while the thun-
ders of Vesuvius shook every window in Naples."