The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-11-05 00:00:00

POLITICAL MISCELLANY.

The Right Hon. Richard Lalor Shiel has been ap-
pointed her Majesty's Plenipotentiary at Florence, in the
place of the late Sir George Hamilton.
The vacant governorship of Prince Edward's island is
to be filled up by the appointment of Mr. Daly, formerly
secretary to the Canadas.

An important meeting of the Somersetshire Protec-
tionist and Conservative Association has been held at
Bridgewater, when Mr. Miles bore testimony to the un-
altered determination of Lord Stanley and the Protectionist
party, to persevere in their demand for protective duties.
It is announced from high authority that the Queen is
most anxious to receive the addresses of her loyal and
faithful people, and ready to respond to their uncom-
promising determination to resist the Papal interference
with her authority.
PRESENT EMPLOYMENT AND REMUNERATION OF
WORKMEN.—At the time of the Revolution, according to
Mr. Macaulay, the yeomanry of England and their fami-
lies constituted one-seventh of the population ; they de-
rived their subsistence from their own properties, which
they cultivated with their own hands ; their average in-
come, being made up of rent, profit, and wages, amounted
to about £7O a-year (the value of money at that period
being, however, much higher than now), and they are
described by Mr. Macauley as " an eminently manly and
true-hearted race," who persisted in " regarding popery
and arbitrary power with unmitigated hostility." How
fares it now with the small shopkeeper of the town. He
had, or perhaps he still retains, a little capital, but what
does it avail him ? Superintended by himself, and by his
wife and daughters, it afforded a happy, peaceful, honest
livelihood to a united family. But his shop is now va-
cant; he is crushed by the competition of the all-engross.
ing mart; there is no mode of investment in which his
petty capital, deprived of his own superintendence, can
yielu him the means of support. He may, perhaps, get
some of his family situations at small salaries in the great
establishment which has overwhelmed him, and then
transport himself and his family to some younger country
where wealth is not yet so concentrated. Now the work-

••., ea •• &ay ,fliscaisca. cum. employer'', WM WM/ arc
obliged to put their hands to everything in the course of
the day, working along with their masters, who are not
very much removed from them in station, constantly shift-
from one occupation to another, will fall into a claw-
ing habit, that will enable them
s work without

encountering any
;rest degree of toil. Add to this more especially, that the
iccumulation of wealth is not the object, does not become
the tone of society, until an advanced stage of its progress.
Every man is satisfied if he can continue pretty much as
heis, and rear his children in the same fashion in which
he was himself brought up. But when the work of pro-
duction falls into the hands of great capitalists—when
quickness of return, and not the rate of profit, 1.
the great object of desire, then must every occu

ti on be

so distributed that not a moment may be lost 1;Y-a-;;),

workman from early dawn to dark night ; nothing then
but the most strenuous and most continuous exertion will

tisfy t he rug

.ements of the employer ; the workman
who will not contribute this must be cast aside altoeether.

abundantly, in money. Every stimulus to exertion will
be held out to him, and, while his frame lasts, he will get
wages such as workman never got before ; he will have
more to expend on stimularts to revive his exhausted na-
ture, than his forefathers expended on the necessaries of
life ; but-it is on the condition we have stated, a condition
which the energy and determination of our Anglo-Saxon
race makes them ready enough to fulfil—that of incessant

tion of large capitals and the abolition of

ists, has in some degree occasioned that peculiar phase of
society which now presents itself—that a workman can
earn nothing unless he works intensely hard, but that by
doing so he will earn very much more than ever he did
before.—Dublin University Magazine.

RAIL WA Y

4FFAIRS,

The London and North-Western Railway Company
have put on two hundred mechanics at the locomotive
works at Crewe, for the purpose of constructing the addi-
tional stock of carriages and engines required.
The opening of the Whitehaven and Furness junction
railway took place on Tuesday. The line extends from
Whitehaven to Broughton, where a junction is effected

with the Furness line. which runs via the beautiful ruins
of Furness Abbey to Roa Island, from which steam boats
are constantly plying to Fleetwood.

UNIVERSITY

4ND CLERICAL NEWS,

A new church at Penrith was consecrated on Thursday
Three-fourths of the whole sitting

s are tree

A new church is about to be erected in St. Luke's die-
trict, Bristol. The sum of £5OOO has been already sub-
scribed.

The late Dr. Thackery, Provost of King's College,
Cambridge, has cleft £lO,OOO to nine charities, among
which are the Pastoral Aid and the Church Missionary
Societies.

Mr. and Miss Norris have presented £7OO additional
towards the North Malvern Church Building Fund, and

munificent sum of £l,BOO given by these liberal patrons
of Malvern.

The Archdeacon of Coventry has convened a meeting
of the clergy of the Archdeaconry, to be held at the
King's Head Inn, Coventry, on Wednesday next, to take
into consideration the recent appointment of a Roman
Catholic Bishop of Birmingham.
The protest of the clergy of the Archdeaconry of Mid-
dlesex, inviting the co-operation of the laity in resistance
to the recent Papal aggressions, received in the course of
a day and a-half upwards of two hundred signatures. It
is confidently expected that the demonstration made in
the diocese of London will be followed up not only by
similar meetings and protests of clergy, but by petitions
and addresses of the laity. We understand that several
of the metropolitan parishes are already in motion.
TRACTARIANISM.—The Record states that the Lord
Chancellor has promised the living of East Farleiah, held
by the Rev. Henry Wilberforce, now a Papist, to another
Tractarian, from motives of private friendship. The
Christian Times states that Mr. Wilberforce, however,
will not resign the living ; and that, as the Chancellor
has no means of compelling the subjects of foreign states
to give evidence, and Mr. Wilberforce was received into
the Romish church at Mechlins in Belgium, there are no
means of legally dispossessing him. The Rev. Mr. Wynn,
Fellow of All souls' College, Oxford, who conformed to
the Papal church some months ago at Rome, has also
refused to resign his fellowship ; and it is supposed there
is the same difficulty as occurs in the case of Mr. Wilber-
force in the way of compelling him.—Church and State
Gazette.

GREAT MEETING OF THE LONDON' CLERGY.—On
Thursday morning an aggregate meeting of the beneficed
clergy of the city of London was held at Sion College, in
pursuance of a requisition addressed to the Venerable
Archdeacon of London, for the purpose of memorializing
the Lord Bishop of the Diocese on the sui,ject of the
appointment of the Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster,
and to express publicly their collective opinion on the
projected establishment of the Romish hierarchy in this
country. At twelve o'clock, the hour appointed for the
meeting, there was a very full attendance of the clergy.
In the absence from illness of the Venerable Archdeacon
of London, the chair was filled by the Rev. H. Roxby
Roxby, M.A., rector of St. Olave's, Old Jewry, and pre-
sident of Sion College for the ensuing year. The meeting
having been opened by prayer, was addressed by the Rev.
Chairman, and several other clergymen ; and though it
was suggested that an address should be presented to her
Majesty, the address proposed to the Bishop was most
unanimously adopted ; and at the conclusion it was agreed
that another meeting should take place for the purpose of
adopting an address to the Crown.
THE BISHOP OF ROCHESTER, at a meeting at Colches.
ter, on Monda•-, in behalf of the Society for the Propaga-
gation of the Gospel, alluded in terms of indignation to
the Pope's " Apostolic Letter," establishing Roman
Catholic bishoprics throughout England and Wales. "At
a moment (he said) when so much zeal is shown by the
Roman Catholic church, I may call upon you, more par-
ticularly on an occasion like this, to exert your influence
in exery possible way in spreading the truths of the Gos-
pel, according to the doctrine of the Church of England.
I mention the zeal of that church, because, within the
last ten days, most astounding facts have been made
known to the public, not, as heretofore, of their exertions
abroad, but that the Pope has had, I must call it, the
audacity to issue a bull in this country creating an arch-
bishop and twelve bishops to superintend dioceses named
after our principal towns. I think this is a fact that must
rouse the Protestants of this country, especially if it be
true, as the Pope himself states, that he received en-
couragement to take the step that he has done, and 1 hope
that petitions against it will be poured in from every
part of the kingdom." His lordship's remarks were
received with loud cheers.