The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-03-03 00:00:00

taken pt

of the Indus would o _
in the protected states, but even in Ifriti.h lndia Ern'.
the year 1827-8, a Russian force had peretrated as far a,
Khiva, showing the feasibility of its
therefuther progress, and if
such progress should take place, nsequences might
have been most disastrous in a country like India, strewed
it; was with ruined thrones and broken sceptres. In such

n

a signal to

weakness would engender intideli

'runt
_were,

en lost by the c

ight hAvit

pr

rAfht,4ol4 Iv caVt
‘oriaspvals,ll7.p re

result of that policy proved that he

ignorant caiumwes and unfounded vituperations
had been a-sailed. He concluded by opposing
Mr. D'lsnAELI said that the noble lord's defence wa,
that because certain fears were entertained by parties whom
he did not name of the probable occurrence of events which
he did not specify, that we were, therefore, called upon to
send an army into Affghanistan. The responsibility of mi-
nisters was but a dream if a war which cost twenty millions
of money and twenty thousand lives, in addition to national
disgrace, was not to be inquired into.
Mr. Escorr hoped that the present advisers of iher Ma-
jesty would not be found supporting such foul delinquency as
that which had led to this war. The hon. gentleman con-
tended at great length that the war was unjustifiable ab
initio, and that inquiry was absolutely requisite.
Sir R. PEEL said that two questions had arisen in the
course of the debate—one whether the first expedition into
Affghanistan was justifiable—the other whether it was ad-
visable to institute an inquiry. With respect to the first
question he had himself when that expedition was first com-
municated to the house, expressed strong doubts of the policy
of that expedition, and his noble friend the Duke of Welling-
ton had still more strongly predicted the evil consequences
likely to flow from it. He doubted the policy of taking up
Shah Soojah, which was much the same as it they attempted
to replace Charles X. on the throne of France. All these
doubts subsequent events had confirmed, but still, as an ad-
viser of the crown, he did not think it expedient that a select
committee should be appointed to inquire into circumstances
like these, which bad occurred eight years ago. There never
had been an opposition in which some faults had not been
bound with the foreign policy of their opponents, and yet he
would ask any hon. member to point out an instance in
which, when a revolution took place in the government, the
party succeeding to power had ever used the influence of
that power to press charges against their predecessors. These
were considerations which should give way to the interests

of the-public, if those interests required such an inquiry,
which in his opinion they did not. The right hon. gentle-
man had created immense laughter at the expense of Mr.
Hume, by quoting his speech on a former evening, in which
he spoke most highly of the wisdom and policy of Lord Auck-
land, although he now seconded the motion of Mr. Roebu
He objected also to granting this committee, becaus
had a manifest tendency, if acceded to, of ►rans-
he executive power from the crown to the House of
With respect to the garbling of the papers, he

Commons

must say that the papers given (though some of them were
very properly' withheld) were yet such as to give the House
if Commons a fair and just view of all the reasons which
)verned those who had entered upon that war. The right
baronet then vindicated the conduct of Russia towards
I that the present good understanding
t be hazarded by an inquiry

his country, and
etween the two countries m
ninging up the suspicions entertained agains

ago, and re-exciting feelings u
He should advise the hous
of amicable relations between tl

.sts of the country

Russia foul

rather to ctiltiva-te the

o countries, which

rcial intercour

cannot fail to be detrimental

Lord PALMERSTON said that mischievous industry had
been attributed to him by Mr. Roebuck, but that hon. and

learned gentlemen had most peculiar notions of mischief,
and as he had admitted the industry, he was careless of the
imputation of what the hon. gentleman conceived to be mis-
..
The hon. and learned gentleman had used very
but it was usually the case that the hardness

rd languagi

)f language bore an exact proportion to the softness of tht
irgurnent, and this must have been applicable to the hon
gentleman, or he would have been able to have thrown m
•trength into his N

perations. The charge was false that
e papers were garbled, and equally erroneous was the sup-
position that Sir Alexander Burnes was not in favour of ac-
tive measures, because that gallant officer had actually com-
plained in his letters that Lord Auckland had hesitated be-
fore he despatched the first expedition. The noble lord then
entered into a defence of the course pursued by the late Go-
vernment. As soon as they received the information as to
the proceedings of Russian agents in Asia, application was
made to the couet of St. Petersburg, and that court not only
disclaimed the proceedings of those agents, but recalled them,
and had subsequently shown the utmost good faith, and was
in fact a faithtul ally. Dangers, however, surrounded our
Indian empire from the unsettled state of Affghanistan, and
to avert those dangers it became absolutely necessary to adopt
the course pursued by Lord Auckland. During the ten
years the late Government had been in power they had sun-
ceeded in preserving the peace of Europe, and had been uni-
formly successful in all their objects ; and, perhaps, had they
,upported despotism abroad instead of opposing it, they would
never have been attacked as they had been.

Sir R. INGLIS supported the necessity for inquiry.
Lord JOHN MANNERS was of opinion that the house ought
o feel indebted to Mr. Roebuck for giving it an opportu-
ity of expressing its feeling of the injustice of the Affghan

Mr. ROEBUCK, in reply, said that lie had been scolded but
lot answered by Lord J. Russell, and re-asserted the falsifi-
ation of the correspondence, quoting one case of omission in
upport of his assertion. He could, be said, quote other
missions equally important, but one was sufficient for his
ase. He was willing, if,Lord Palmerston would allow him,
o withdraw his motion;.and substitute one of condemnation
f the late Government in its room.
The house was then, cleared for a division, and the motion
f Mr. Roebuck was defeated by a majority of 189 to 75.

11102011111111 P

ROYAL LIVER THEATRE

FAREWELL BENEFIT OF MRS FITZWILLIAM,
And positively her Last Appearance in Liverpool.
Also, the Final Appearance in Liverpool of
Mr. B UCK STON E.
THIS EVENING, (Friday,) the 3d instant, the Perform-
ances will commence with Mr. Buckstone's Comic
Drama, in Two Acts, called
WEAK POINTS; OR, NOTHING LIKE WHEEDLING.
To which will be added,
THE BELLE OF THE HOTEL ;
OR, AMERICAN SKETCHES.
After.which,
THE SNAPPING. TURTLES.
The whole to conclude with' the old and favourite Farce of
THE DEVIL 'TO PAY.
11.7111411M111111111111111MEME.........

TO MERCHANTS, BROKERS, &c

The largely increased and most respectable circulation
which the 7uesday's Edition of the LIVERPOOL
STANDARD has now obtained amongst the mercantile
body in Manchester affords its proprietors the gratify-
ing power of urging this, amongst the other undeniable

c!aims which it possesses, upon the favor of that portion
of the mercantile community of Liverpool who desire to
bring their advertisements before the notice of buyers in
the neighbouring manufacturing districts. In most of
the surrounding towns of Lancashire the circulation of
the STANDARD is steadily increasing. In 'Manchester,
however, the centre of the manufacturing district, our
publication of Tuesday—occurring upon the most im-
portant market day of the Cotton Trade, when its
Exchange and Hotels are thronged with country manu-
facturers, spinners, and calico printers—is firmly es-
tablished in circulation, and is perused with increased
and increasing interest.

Under these encouraging circumstances, we trust to
receive an increased measure of support from the mer-
chants and brokers of the town generally ; and it affords
us great pleasure to assure those of our friends amongst
those classes, who have hitherto bestowed their adver-

tising favours liberally upon us, of our increased ability
to do justice to the interests committed to their care.

W.Ourpool AlanDarti.

FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 3, 1843

The country owed a debt of gratitude to Lord
Ashley for past efforts to ameliorate the social condi-
tion of its labouring population ; but infinitely was
~d by his noble effort of Tuesday
last, in behalf of the adoption of a system of religious
education of the children of the poor, as the most
efficacious remedy for that moral pestilence by which
, and happiness of the nation is being
,pidly overwhelmed. Let any unprejudiced reader—
Lily lover of his fellow human beings—peruse atten.
Lively the details of debasing crime and astounding
ignorance with which his lordship prefaced his motion,
—details established by incontrovertible evidence, and
which exhibit a state of society, existing in the heart
of enlightened England, in the immediate vicinity of

that debt it}

Um security

of wealth, and of the boasted
sources of her national strength, such as most assu-

her greatest mass

)e parallelled throughout the civilised
world; and such perusal, we are confident, must im-
press deeply upon his mind the conviction that upon
no country can the blessing of God fall, in which such

a state of society is permitted to exist—that no country
deserves to be happy and prosperous which is not
ready to put forth the vast energies, which this country
possesses, to repair the consequences of its past
neglect.

Glance only at the immediate neighbourhood of
Manchester—the centre of exclusive enlightenment in
political matters—the hot-bed of liberalism, and the
seat of the utilitarian philosophy. Go no further than
five or six miles from that cotton metropolis—to the
town of Ashton-under-Lyne, with fifty or sixty thou-
sand souls, Stalybridge, with thirty to forty thousand;
and not more than one in forty-six of the children of
that population receiving the benefits of a religious
education ! Or look at Sheffield, Leeds, Birmingham,
Wolverhampton, and other towns and villages pointed
to in the dark catalogue which Lord Ashley has placed
before our eyes ; and say if we have not, as a professing
Christian people, ample cause to blush for the enor-

which is fast debasing their rising generation to the
level of the beasts of the field! For years we have
been c:

which we are surrounded ; and have we not

cause to blush for the return which we havb made—

to blush for the fact that the human producers of that
very wealth have been less cared for than the tools

with which we work, and the machinery in our mills
and loom-shops, from which we as sedulously labour
to drive away even a speck of rust, as we do to keep
disease from our own bodies ? Surely we ought,
unless indeed the love of Mammon—the love :of
money-getting and hoarding— has displaced every
nobler feeling of our nature!

The giant- evil—(thanks to Lord Adlley and to Sir

Robert Pa:,l`; onvonv

of Lilo da

—to ti

Di its grants In ca
nse of erecting

ichliad happily passed I ex

ten yearly instalments

not to th brawling "Me..

a men who have

aunted

so loudly their zeal for the enlightenment of the
people !)—is at length, at the eleventh hour, about to
be grappled with, and in a worthy spirit; The heart-

stirring appeal of his lordship has been replied to by
Sir James Graham, who, on the part of the govern-
ment, has laid before the house and the country the
outlines of the plan which he purposes during the pre-
sent session endeavouring to carry out. The plan in
question—or rather plans, for the measure will em-
brace two—we shall here briefly detail.
The first of these has reference to the education of
pauper children, embracing orphans and the children
of working people, not being paupers, who are unable
otherwise to provide them education. For these it is
proposed to erect schools, .to contain the children
within a district of fifteen miles, having attached to
such schools a chaplain, appointed with the sanction of
the bishop, and a chapel. The system of education
will be one based upon the reading of the Scriptures
in the authorised version, with instruction in the cate-
chism, and portions of the liturgy of the Church of
England. The children of Protestant dissenters may,
however, be withdrawn during the hours in which the
doctrines of the Church are taught, their religious
teaching being attended to by their own ministers.
The schools will be visited by inEpectors appointed
by the Council of Education, who will have instruc-
tions to see that the terms under which dissenting
children are permitted to embrace the benefit of the
schools are strictly adhered to. The erection of the
necessary
buildings will he provided for by a rate not
to exceed one-fifth of the average amount of the poor-
rate for the three preceding years.

The second plan has reference to the education to
be provided for the children of the working classes in
the manufacturing districts. The custom of the
i'mncil of Education has been, hitherto, to extend the
, .. .
only when two•thirds of the

twols have been contributed
trom private funds. Sir James Graham propocz
the future, that one-third only shall be required ; and,
on a memorial being presented to the council, the
remaining two-thirds will be furnished—one-third in
exchequer bills to be refunded out of the poor-rate in

For the support of the schools
a sum not exceeding 3d. may be charged for each
child. It is proposed, in order to do away with the
inefficient working of that part of the existing " Fac-
tories Regulation Act" which requires a certificate of
attendance for two hours per day at some school, as the
condition of a child's eligibility to be employed on a
mill, to make attendance for three hours a day at these
schools, or some of similar character approved by a
government inspector, imperative; and to permit such
children (under 13 years of age) to work 61 hours in-
stead of 8, the forenoon or the afternoon of the day be-
ing left available for educational purposes. The ma-
nagement of these schools, and the appointment of the
master, will be placed in the hands of trustees, who
are to consist of the clergyman of the parish in which
the school is situated, the two churchwardens, and
four other persons nominated by the magistrates.
The system of education to be pursued we can con-
vey most faithfully to the reader by quoting a portion
of the clauses by which it is proposed by Sir James
Graham to be regulated. They are as follows :
" And be it enacted that every master of a school to
be provided for the education of children as aforegaid,
shall be required to teach the Holy Scriptures, in the
version appointed by law to be used in churches, to such
scholars as shall be old enough to learn the same, and
shall teach from no other book of religion whatsoever
(except as hereinafter provided); but nothing herein
contained shall prevent the use of any part of the
liturgy of the Church of England in the said school by
the clerical trustee, or by any person whom he may
appoint on Sunday or on Christmas-day, Good Friday,
or any of the usual fasts and festivals of the Church
which may be school holidays, provided that no scho-
lar shall be required to attend at such divine service,
whose parent, guardian, or other person having the
legal custody of him, shall object to such attendance."

" And be it enacted, that the Catechism of the
Church of England," &c., shall be taught the children
during certain.hours in the week days, and for three
hours on Sundays, together--with other religious in-
struction, " such religious instruction being deter-
mined, and the selection of books for the purpose being
made, by the clerical trustee alone," &c.
Then as to the religious teaching of the children of
dissenters, the clause enacts that such children shall
not be compelled to be present during these hours of
religious instruction, and proceeds to declare that " it
shall not be lawful for the trustees or master of the
said school, or any other person, to give, or permit to
be given, in the said school, any religious instruction
to such scholar, except the reading of the Holy Scrip-
tures, as hereinbefore appointed, provided that such
child shall at such periods be instructed in some other
branch of knowledge taught in the school."
In substance we have here, in the fullest sense of
the word, a system of Scriptural EdUcation, and of
teaching in the principles of the Church of England,
provided for at the national expense, and. conducted
under the guidance of the - Clergy of the Establish-
ment; and it is truly gratifying to observe, that, not-
withstanding the sectarian rancour with which a sys-
tem precisely similar, if indeed so strictly in unison
with the feelings of Churchmen, is attacked by a party
in our own town, the intimation by Government of
their purpose to introduce a measure upon the subject
founded upon these principles during the present ses-
sion, was received with almost unanimous approval by
the House of Conmons.

In addition, however, to a measure for the promo-
tion of education, we learn that the Government has a
measure in preparation, founded upon the able report
of Mr. Edwin Chadwick, to which we have more than
once called attention, for improving the sanatory con-
dition of the dwellings of the poor. Sure this at length
is legislation in the right direction !

Our contemporary, the Manchester Guardian, of
Wednesday, attempts a reply, after his own tricky
fashion, to the remarks which we addressed to him on
Friday last. There is really, however, somewhat too
much of the " tuquoque" style of argumentation in
the Guardian's article to render it worthy of serious
notice. There is, withal, a spice of insolent assump-
tion of superior honesty and virtue. which; in a journal
so notoriously shifty and venal as our contemporary,
is rather indiscreet. We shall not pause, however, to
remind the world of the twenty times turned coat, and
more than Chameleon's variety of political hue, which
this virtuous personage has exhibited during the twenty
years' labour to which he points with such apparent
self-satisfaction ; but proceed to notice the little that
we can discover worthy of remark in his Wednesday's
philippic.

In the first place, we cannot but observe the singular
care with which the Guardian 'omits noticing, in con-
nexion with the language of which we complain in
Mr. Cobden, the speech previously uttered by the
Rev. Mr. Bailey, and the attack upon the life of Sir
Robert Peel, by which it Was followed. In our article
of Friday, we expressly admitted that, per se, there
was nothing in the assertion of the Premier's respon-
sibility —individual or personal —but consummate
boobyism. Every body knew that a minister is re-
sponsible for his measures,—responsible to parliament
and the laws of his country. But the reverend dis-
senter had pointed to another kind of responsibility ;
and in such language, that excited fanatics greedily
inferred a responsibility to their murderous vengeance;
and the complaint of Sir Robert Peel was, that, seeing
the existence of such a feeling towards himself per-
sonally,Cobden and the
Mr. League should still
persevere in the use of language
calculated to direct
the passions of bad men towards him as their object.
The Guardian may say to this that Mr. Cobden was
not answerable for the conduct of his fellow-leaguer,
Bailey,—that no sympathy existed in his breast towards
that gentleman. We must remind our contemporary,
however, of the very significant fact, that not four hours
before his utterance of the objectionable language ad-
dressed to Sir Robert Peel, Air. Cobden had gone out
of his way to throw his shield over Bailey—he had
identified himself and the League with that gentleman,
by threatening the displeasure of the body against an
independent member for presuming
to remark upon
and denounce his incendiary ravings.

The analogy which we drew between the case of a
party denouncing a miniiiter "individually," whilst the
passions of a portion of the people were proved to be