The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-06-04 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

CONSERVATIVES OF SOUTH, LANCASHIRE!
REGISTER ! REGISTER. ! ! REGISTER ! ! !

" The great battle of the Constitution must be fought
in the Registration Courts."—Sir R. PEEL.

MANY parties having been disappointed in their wishes
111. to support William Entwisle, Esq., M.P., the suc-
cessful candidate against "The League," in consequence
of their having neglected to register, Mr. Caistor will sit
daily, at the Committee-rooms, 61, Spring-gardens, Man-
chester, for the next seven days, between the hours of
three arid five o'clock in the afternoon, for the purpose of
filling up Claims to be placed on
,the New Register.
Notices of Claims will also tie provided and properly
filled up for applicants t thq,Affices of Messrs. Caistor
and Farnworth, Manch*tee• Mr. Earle, Ashton-under-
Lyne; Mr. Surnmerscales. dldham ; Mr. Mvines, Roch-
dale ; Mr. 'Whitehead, Bury ; Messrs. Woodhouse and
Holden, Bolton ; Messrs. Lord and Ackerley, Wigan ;
Mr. Armstrong, Ormskirk ; Mr. FAIRCLOUGLI, Com-
merce court, Lord-street, Liverpool ; and Messrs. Wag-
staff, Son, and Marsh, Warrington.
Apply immediately.—Lose no time.
May 30, 1844.

TO THE ELECTORS OF SOUTH LANCASHIRE.
GENTLEMEN,
T HAVE the honour to return you my most sincere
I acknowledgements for the rece Lion that I have met
with amongst you on the oceasi of the recent Election
and I beg most respectfully V), dd that no exertions shall
be wanting on my part to peltorm the duties of that posi-
tion in which I have been p ced by so large and important
a constituency.
I am, neitit emen,
Your most obedient servant.
WILLIAM ENTWISLE.

London, June 1, 1644.

TO THE ELECTORS OF SOUTH LANCASHIRE.

GENT LE :CrEN ,
A T the termination of the arduous 'contest which has
LA- resulted in the return of my opponent to Parliament,
I beg to te-ndr,:r my hest thanks to those Electors who
hare recorded their votes in favour oaf freedom of trade in
the person of one of its most humble., but sincere and earn.
est advocates.

In contra-sting the returns on each side in the present
contest with those of the election in 1837, we cannot fail
to be streck with the change ofo inion in favour of more
liberalviews, such as to enco! age us to persevere with
renewed energy in advocatin. hose principles and mea-
sures which are, in my opi , fraught with the greatest
advantage to the pro. • .11.. olas.ses, and through thenalo
all.ranics of the comma"'"-..
_ .

It 'is a matter of much ;Personal gratification to me, that
in :LiNerpool, where I have so long resided and am best
known, a majority of Freeholders have recorded thcirsvotes
in my favour.
I beg those who have so strenuously fought this 'battle
to accept my sincere thariks, not only for exertions such
as have been rarely witnessed, but for the good feeling and
admirable temper which have characterized their proceed-
ings throughout the straggle ; and I assure the 'lectors
who favoured rue with their support, that I feel greatly
honoured by the various marks of personal kindness which
I have received during the contest : nor can I (conclude
without expressing my sense of the uniform -courtesy of
those who have differed from me in opinion.
I have the holbur to be,
Your faithful servant,
WM. 'BROWN.
Richmond-11111;1,PM May, 1844.

Oa Tuesday last; the fiftieth anniversary: elf the marriage
of the Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster was ce-
lebrated, at Chester,mith great rejoicings.
ARRIVILL QF THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA.—On Satur-
day considerable surprise was occasioned by s statement
in the Times, that before its pages would probably hate
been read by the public, the Emperor of Russia would
have set feat-on the shores of England. The:announce-
' ment has turned out to be correct, his Majesty having
arrived at Woolwich on:Saturday evening, at ten o'clock.
The arrival of the Emperor has, up to the present period,
for some unexplained reason, been kept a profound secret.
The Emperor travels .inero., and was conveyed, along
with his suite, in three Dutch steamers. Immediately on
landing, his Majesty and suite entered the carriages in
waiting to convey them to Ashburnham House, the resi-
dence of Baron Brunow, which they reached at half-past
eleven the same ;evening, and, after partaking of coffee,
his Majesty repaired to the rooms prepared for him. On
,Sunday morning his Majesty was waited on, soon -after
-nine, by Prince Albert. Their meeting was of the most
affectionate and cordial character. The Emperor threw
his arms round the neck of the -Prince Consort, and em-
4raced him fervently, Prince Albert returning the salute
with great apparent feeling. They remained in conversa-
tion a considerable time, when the Prince left, promising •
to return at half-past one to conduct the Emperor to
Buckingham Palace, his Majesty intending in the mean-
time to attend divine service at the chapel of the Russian
embassy. At the time stated the Prince arrived, in com-
pany with Sir Robert Peel, whom ibis Majesty received
very cordially. They then proceeded to Buckingham
Palace, Tad his Majesty was presented to the Queen,
after winch the Emperor was conveyed on a round of
visits—to the bang of Saxony, in his apartments at Buck-
ingham Palace ; to Marlborough House., to pay a visit to
the Queen Dowager; to the Duke of Cambridge and the
Duchess of Gloucester, and the Duke of Wellington,
whom his Majesty appeared delighted to meet, -
Within the Imrough of Whitby at present resides a fa-
mily of whom it is stated, that when the eldest child was
aamyeoautn• oteldd,otnhley utorattehdirtaygeyseaorfs,fa_ther, mother, and child,

------ - -
MODE OF TESTING THE QUALITY OF GLANo.
water in
Good guano is the excrement of sea fowl, accumulating
in countries where there is no rain. It owes its virtue to
secondly to
first as the presence of arnmonical salts, and,
comparative
tainv:
to that of phosphite of lime or bone earth, erive4l
from the bones of fish. To test the ammonia,
, take a
spoonful of guano, and a spoonful of powdered quick little
putth.em in a mortar, and rub them with a pestle for few
a
seconds; if the guano be genuine, the smell will resemble
reoyveesdclear fire
ttilileatsoamf ae bottle of saints,tialinsdiNw.a-iyilitinnaikaey
btaliep
whether
the sample be guano or not, and also the strength of dif.
grains ; if the
ferent samples may be estimated byl
ptbpckinco,
strength of effluvia of the ammonia disengaged. To test
35 grains,
for the phosphate of lime, place a small quantity, (Say
sliomoiglarraivness invessel,
, in
nn ladle
wirsoicrih heat o
itt• evaerdt ill: eont
Over
Proportion
for twenty minutes. If the guano be genuine it will be
reduced to a white ash, weighing about 35
(probably
]oo.grains when burnt, weigh much more than
the guano is not genuine, or contains an undue
of sand or similar natter. The ashes of genuine guano
will be found to be phosphate of lime nearly pure, if
it be requisite to prove this a small bottle of acetic acid,
or white vinegar, will dissolve the phosphate and bold in
solution, leaving the selica and alumina,
amounting to three or four grains) undissolved. The
ashes should be left in the acetic acid for two days, and
the bottle occasionally shaken. It is assumed that the
pan() to be tested be dry.—Farmer's Journal.

ATROCIOUS PERSECUTION IN MADEIRA.

Of late years popery has had its apologists even amongst
those who profess not themselves to belong to the Church
of Rome—" liberals" of views so large and tolerant on
all points of religion, that they equally sympathise with
Churchman, Dissenter, Papist, Mahommedan, Jew, or
Infidel. Some of these deny that popery ever persecuted
in this country ; gloze over the tyranny and cruelties of
the Inquisition in Europe in its palmiest days, by im-
puting gross exaggeration to most authentic records of its
doings ; and if they admit of some by-gone persecutions,
ascribe them to the darkness and ignorance of the olden
times in which they occurred, winding up with the com-
forting assumption, that the light of intelligence and
humanity has now so far illuminated the understandings.
and improved the hearts of men, that such atrocities can
never gain be enacted. If such reasoning be really sincere,
we lament their credulity, for they are assuredly misled
by others, or delude themselves. True, the horrors of the
Inquisition have to a great degree been reduced, or in
some countries repressed for a time, by the contact with
Protestant light, and tli6 political checks imposed
by Protestant governmenti and communities. But popery
sanctions them still; and popery is insusceptible of
change or of amelioration in its principles. As is well
stated by a contemporary, " if it change in spirit, it must
cease to be popery, and come out of the cage of unclean
birds. The cloak drawn by cunning and policy over the
cloven foot, can, as occasion offers, be withdrawn, and ex-
hibit 'it in its original deformity." A letter from Dr.
Kathy, a Protestant English gentleman, at Madeira, date
the 4th ult., sufficiently proves the fact. It will be re-
membered that he himself has but recently been released
from the persecuting grasp of Rome, not by her progress
to enlightened and tolerant principles, but by the peremp-
tory, the irresistible interference of the British govern-
ment. He states that on the previous sabbath, two per-
sons when going from his house were o:en prisoners,
and committed to gaol, where they they then lay, for not
kneeling to the host as it passed. He adds :—" On Wed-
nesday 'several were mauled with sticks, and some taken
by hands and feet as in procession, and carried into the
church and made to kneel before the images."
Bat we have a far more revolting instance of the horrid
spirit of popery where its votaries think they can act upon
with safety, and that too in the same island, which is only
a few days' sail from England, and in which there is,
moreover, British jurisdiction to a certain extent. This
was communicated to the meeting of ;he Free Assembly
of the Church of Scotland; on Thursday, the 23d instant,
by the Vice-Convenor of its' Colonial Committee, and is
also detailed in several of the newspapers on undoubted
authority.—The Rev. Mr. Sym, in submitting the report,
said, that the rnost.deeply affecting and, at the same time,
most revolting portion of it was a communication from the
Rev. Jas. Julius Wood, dated Funchal, May 4, relative to a
feinale being condemned to death at Madeira for having
renounced the errors of popery, .and that, too, by a ma-
gistrate in thevy of the British government. Mr. Wood
says, " she has been found guilty only of saying that
images should mot be venerated or adored, and that the
bread in the 'Sacrament is 'only bread. On the latter
point it is alleged that the proof was defective. For such
a crime the ;judge has sentenced her to suffer death, when
it was competent for him to have punished her with a fine
of ten dollars, or under. And this judge is also British
Judge Conservator (appointed and paid by the British go-
vernment), to whom we have to look for justice in the
event of any of our rights as British subjects being "vio-
lated." The following is she sentence:—
" In view of the answerof the jury, and discussion of:the
cause, Ix., it is proved that the accused, Maria Joaquina,
perhaps ',forgetful of the ITrinciples of the koly religion
which she received in her .filest years, and to which ihe
still bilongs, has maintained conversations and arguments
condemned by the: chuseh,—maintaining that 'veneration
should not be given taimages; denying the real existence
of Jests Christ hythesacria hostia; blaspheming against
the matt Holy Virgin, Mother of God; advancing other
expressions against the doctrines received and followed
by Ike Catholic 'Apostolic Roman Church.; expounding
these condemned doctrines to different persons:; thus
committing the cringes of heresy and blasphemy punished
ty,the law of the kingdom ; and, though it be affirmed
that nobody can be prosecuted for motives of religion,(as
-.principle truly constitutional), it is necessary that the
religion of the state be respected, and public morals be
notperverted by words or acts that arecondernrred, as is
expressly established in the fundamentaldaw of the-state,
vol. cxlv. par 4, which the accused in truth did not‘do.
-On the contrary, idasphemingagainst God and his saints,
she gave over respecting the religion of the state to which
she belongs, seeking to associate to her:party those who
nourished principles different from hei's. This accuse-
,-tion cannot be eluded by the defence to.which she has re-
course, because it consists onlyin sustaining the illegality
'of the actionomdthe incompetendy of the court to eon-
-derma in the penalties decreed by theordiaances, book ix.
tit. 1, It appears that it belongs only to the Tribunal ad
,veer?: to decide question on all accounts delicate. At-
tending, then, to the fact that the ciiraes of which the
.:prisoner is'accused are found proven in the form decreed
hy the law of December 19, 1774, and ordinances of book
tit 2, par..l,•which says thus,-4 Andif he be a peasant,
-let him receive thirty strokes at the foot of the pillory
•with a cord, and proclamation, and letThim pay two dol-
lars.' Observing, moreover, that the aforesaid law of
the 19th Decerober imposes on those guilty of the crimes
of heresy the. penalty of death, with 'infamy ; observing,
likewise that now is abolished the saidpenalty of infamy
sand strokes, and that the greater, ,punishment alwaysin-
-.eludes the lesser; I condemn the accused, MariaJoa-
,quina, to suffer death, as declaredinlhe said law, and in
the costs of :.the process which she shall pay with her
.goods.—Funchal Oriental, in Public Court, May 2, 1844.
(Signed)
_ _

" JOSE BORSTRA CEILE PILL& OBLLGISERA NEGELAO"

Dr. CANDIAGFI immediately on the report being read,
<expressed his:opinion that this painful subject should take
precedence- of.sll other matters before the court. It is
one of the most stirring announcements, he continued,
which can possibly be made in an Assembly of Christian
.:ministers, met together as a court of the Church of
Christ; and it is one of the most ominous signs of the
times to which our attention can possibly be directed, ss
indicating the unchanged spirit of that system which is
already " drunk with the blood of the-saints." It can-
not but have made every cheek its this Assembly to blush,
,to think that.a Judge in British pay, and appointed by
British authority, should have been the first in our time
,to revive the punishment of death for :heresy. He con-
',.-cluded an affecting address by proposing that the convener
of the committee., who was about to prmaod to London,
should carry with him the authority and-instructions of
;the Assembly, first of all to take counsel -with the bre-
thren and elders of the Church in London, able to advise
Lim aright,—and then, with their counsel and concur-
rence, to take such steps as may seem most expedient for
bringing the • matter speedily under the notice of her
Majesty's Government.

Dr. HENDERSON, of Glasgow, in the course of some
remarks, on seconding the motion, stated,,tliat the un-
fortunate female alluded to had already suffered imprison-
ment for twelve months.

The motion was then agreed to.
¶'he poor victim,in this case, Maria Joaqtiiiaa, wife of
Manuel Alves, is the mother of seven children.. of whom
the ,youngest was an infant at the breast when she was
cast into prison. What the British government will do
in. the case remains to be seen. One thing, at least, is
certain.; Maria Joaquina will not perish by the hands of
the executioner, unless Sir Robert Peel and.the Earl of
Aberdeen give the executioner leave. Popery, true to its
old character, has passed on her the flagrantly unjust and
cruel sentence of condemnation, which horrifies the Chri-
stianity of the world ; but, just as the British Minister
drops the signal, will there be an execution or none-in the
ease. Providence has placed the fatal napkin in the hands
of Sir Robert Peel and the Earl ; and without their-con-
sent this persecuted female-cannot tw murdered.

INTrANATIOSZAL COPYRIGHT ACT.—This act, passed
on the 10th ofJast month, first repeals the previous Inter-
national Copyright Act, which did not give power to her
Majesty to confer any exclusive right upon authors, en-
gravers, &c., who had first published in foreign countries,
and vests her Majesty with powers in this respect. The
follo,ving are the heads of the principal clauses :—Authors
of works first published in foreign countries shall have
copyright therein within her Majesty's dominions, by
order in council. If the order applies to books, the copy-
right law as to books first published in this country shall
apply to the books to which the order relates ; and there
is a similar clause with respect to prints and sculptures.
Dramatic and musical compositions first publicly repre-
sented abroad may, by order, have similar rights in the
British dominions. Authors are to register and deliver
copies of books, music, &c. In anonymous works, the
name of the publisher to be sufficient. The works to be
,entered in the register book of the Company of Stationers
as before. Copies of books, and having copyright under
this act, printed in foreign countries other than those
wherein it was first published, to be prohibited. A copy
of each book or print to be deposited in the library of the
British Museum, but not second editions unless they
contain additions or alterations. The orders in council
may specify different periods for different foreign coun-
tries and for different classes of works. No order to have
effect unless it states that reciprocal protection is secured
by the foreign power, named. Authors of works first pub.
lished in foreigrt countries are not entitled to copyright
except under this act. The act concludes with an inter-
pretation clause.

THE PROPERTY TAX.—A return of the net amount of
duty collected for the year ended the sth of April, 1813 ;
also of the number of claims of exemption received at the
Tax-office up to the.2oth day of May, 1844, &c., has just
been i,sued on the motion of the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer. It appears from this paper, that the gross total
amount of the collection for the year in question was—in
England, £4,989,801 ; and, in Scotland, £394,324 ;
making a grand total for the whole of Great Britain
amounting to the sum of £5,384,125. Of the former
amount (£1,989,8010 the sum of £2,150,412 was col-
lected under schedule A; the sum of £298,763 under
schedule B ; the sum of £812,892 under schedule C ; the
sum of £1,466,985 under schedule D ; and the sum of
£260,657 under schedule E. This account is made up
on the amount of duty collected to the sthof April, 1844,
in respect of the year 1842, ended April 1843. The
amount collected in Scotland cannot at present, it ap-
pears, be distinguished in schedules. The second branch
of the return informs us that the total number of claims
of exemption under the Property Tax Act received at the
Tax-office up to the 20th May, 1844, amounts to 82,854
(of which about 6,000 have been found defective, and re-
turned to the surveyors for correction or amendment ;)
that the total number_of claims in which the duty has been
repaid amounts to £70,500 ; that the amount of the duty
repaid is £69,101 ; that the total number of claims in
which orders have been issued by the Board of Taxes for
discharging the property of the claimants from assess-
ment Amounts to 49,370 ; and the total number of claims
remaining in the office for examination and inquiry to
1,345, whigb were to have been disposed of during the
past week.

SUSPECTED DESTRUCTION OF AN INFANT
CHILD BY ITS MOTHER.

An inquest was held yesterday afternoon before Mr.
Curry, the borough Coroner, touching the death of an
infant child—the rumoured circumstances regarding which
had excited a painful interest throughout a great part of
the town. The following are the heads of the evidence.
The mother was brought up in custody.
Alice Stevenson, an interesting looking girl of 17 years
of age, said she was the daughter of Elizabeth Stevenson,
and had for the last two years resided with her in Garner's
Court, Roscoe-street--sleeping with her in the same bed.
Her mother acted occasionally as a sick nurse. About two
months ago she saw reason to challenge her mother with
being in the family way, and asked her who was the
father; but she denied being pregnant, and witness did
not afterwards refer to the subject. On Friday last, her
mother being employed out as a sick nurse, witness in turn-
ing down the bed in which she and prisoner slept found a
bundle in dark cloth, and being alarmed ran for a female
neighbour, who came, opened it, and found it to contain
the body of a child. Witness was so frightened that she
did not notice the sex. On Friday week her motherwas very
poorly ; and remained so during Saturday, but came down
stairs that day. Witness afterwards saw that night some ap-
pearances in the room thatfirst led her to suspectthatsome-
thing improper had taken place but did not name her suspi-
cions.as she thought it mig ht have arisen from natural causes.
On finding the body she called in Mr. inspector Thomp-
son, who after seeing the child had the prisoner appre-
hended. Her mother kept a mangle, by which, and as
a nurse, she made a living. Witness said her father had
died 4 years ago.
Margaret Christian, whom the last witness had called
in on finding the bundle, corroborated the finding of the
child in a piece of black stuff cloth with calico within.
Ann Foulks had thought the prisoner in the family way,
and remarked a difference in her appearance during the
last week. _ _

Inspector Thompson went to the house when called, and
found deceased to be a male child.
Mr. M'Lelland, surgeon of the Dispensary—to which
the child was carried—said he had examined the body,
and his opinion was that it hfd died from general debility
arising from natural causes. Neglect at the birth might
have debilitated it, but he would not say it would have
lived had it been attended to, as the pains of labour might
have produced the effects he saw on the body. There was
not the least external injury of any kind. He had spoken
with the prisoner on two occasions about it. At the first
interview she admitted the child was hers; and on ask-
ing her if it had been born alive she said "it had never
struggled much." On the second occasion (Sunday) she
said that after it was born she had lain two •hours unable
to aQsist it; that she then tied the cord, went down stairs,
got a pair of scissors and divided it. She also said at
first, that she had been confined eight days before, and
had delivered herself.

The Coroner, after recaptulating the surgeon's evidente,
said that the only verdict which the jury could return
was that the child had died from general debility, brought
on by natural causes. Had there been any evidence that
the deceased had been smothered they must have given a
verdict of wilful murder against the mother. So far the
case was disposed of as regarded that count ; but the cir-
Tumstances were such that he felt it his duty not to release
the prisoner, but to send her before Mr. Rushton, who
might, if he deemed it proper, commit the prisoner for
trial on the charge ,of concealement of pregnancy,—or
might discharge her.
The jury returned a verdict in accordance with this
direction. The prisoner was then taken in custody to
the police•court (followed by the witnesses) but as the
court had risen before they arrived, she was detained for
examination until his day.