The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-10-29 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

ment, which alone can constitute a safe sea-going ship.
It is, therefore, of the first moment that all vessels of pas-
sage and burthen, should be so constructed, that every
section, fore and aft, as far as the cargo extends, should
be fully borne up and supported by the fluid in which she
is to pass, otherwise she will soon promote her own de-
struction. Should a ship be flat in midships, and ex-
tremely sharp forward and abaft, with a cargo extending
fore and aft, she has then a ruinous up-pressure s'rain in
midsitip that will soon di-joint her, from its forming two
levers whose length extends beyond the half-length of the
vessel ; the like evil will attend vessels built, either full
forward or abaft, whereby the centre of displacement is
removed from its natural position, and the lever becomes
more extended : in the former there are two levers con-
stantly in action, in the latter but one, yet the lever of the
one, from its length, will prove equally destructive. I
have known ships built in our naval yard, which were
supposed when in proper trim to swim on an even keel,
draw when launched nearly twice as much water abaft as
forward ; to bring those ships on an even keel, a very con-
siderable portion of their weight must be placed to the
foreside of their half length ; how ruinous, then, must be
the effect produced from such a principle ! From this it
may be seen how great is the responsibility of ship.
builders, and with what caution they should act, lest by
introducing novelties they might not only prove useless
but dangerous innovations. It is therefore obvious that
such care should always be taken in the construction and
formation of vessels, that the centre of displacement
should judiciously take the place of the centre of gravity,
which cannot be effected unless it uttets near the half-
length of the vessel, by which means the fore and after bo-
dies may be so regula!ed and equalised, that no section
should be under the necessity of requiring support from
its neighbour section.

The resistance of fluids in reference to shipbuilding is
that obstruction which all floating bodies have to encoun-
ter in proportion to their ♦elocity in passing through the
water. Wise men, in all ages, from Plato to Newton, and
from him to the present day, have written volumes with
the view of giving a demonstrative proof, which solid pre-
sents the least resistance; unfortunately for the maritime
world, the figures given are like the alchymists' transmu-
tation, absorbed in theory. Many excellent writers on
shipbuilding, on every other subject have in clear and dis-
tinct terms explained their theorems, excepting that of
resistance, and with it the principles of velocity. On these
subjects they are completely at a stand. Many clever
men have attempted to establish a theory, with models in
water, drawn along by pulleys and weights, in which they
are all at variance; and why, because all experiments,
with models by water, as proofs of the stability or velocity
of a ship under canvass, are like the searches after perpe-
tual motion, ineffectual in producing a principle. As well
may the strength of a ship's main-mast be decided from
the strength of its model on a greater scale. Therefore
every attempt of the kind has, and ever will prove abor.
tive ; observation and experience alone must determine
on the very essential question. Having thus far entered
on this important subject, shall resume it again next
week.—l am, sir, &c.

JOHN COCK.

Pembroke Dock, 22d Oct. 1814.

O'CONNELL AND THE WHIGS

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

you ever happen to observe two boys at-
tempting to mount a wall ? They both puff and blow.
and tug, but find that singly it is useless, till at last the
bigger of the two hoists the other on his shoulders, who,
when he arrives at the top, gives his fellow a band, and
thus they both succeed. This, sir, is the exact position of
the Whigs at the present day ; they find it utterly impos-
sible, as bow should it be possible, to walk into office, and
at last have recourse to that " Jack of trades," Daniel
O'Connell, to assist them to mount the wall.
Daniel O'Connell and the Whigs! beautiful coalition !
admirable compact ! This second edition of the Lichfield
House affair is to bear down all opposition, and overcome
every obstacle. The armies are uniting. the generals are
laying their wise heads together, if not single-handed, at
least with accumulated forces, they intend to force the
citadel of the constitution, they purpose to rase all monu-
ments of toryism, leaving nought but its ashes to testify
its ruin. O'Connell and the Whigs ! wondrous asso-
ciation ! behold the parted enemies are become united
friends once more! the " base," the " bloody," and the
" brutal," are reconciled to their vilifier! and the exqui-
site patriot ! the distinterested patriot, who puts himself
to the trouble of robbing the pockets of the poor of
£28,000 a-year ! the persecuted martyr, who has become
fat under government pay ! is going to travel the wished-
for road to place, in conjunction with the placeless, crouch-
ing animals of the other side of the water ! where each
will bear each other's burden, and both will stand up for
each other where mutual obligation is absolutely neces-
sary.
How naked must Wh;ggery have become to need
the Irish ragamuffin coat of O'Connell to hide their na-
kedness ! to what a depth of lowness must they have
sunk when Daniel O'Connell is gratefully accepted to lift
them from the contempt of their mean and disgraceful
situation! They are fawned upon and beslavered by their
former vilifier, for it suits his purpose; the flattery has its
effect, and they fawn and beslaver in return. How beau-
tiful to look upon is their gentleness! how admirable is
their meekness ! the worm turns not against the butt of
former abuse, and ridicule kisses the cheek of its reviler !

What a despicable little plaything it is in the hands Of
the cunning old fox ! what a puny, piltry toy, tossed and
befingered by the sly old artificer. Oh! take care of it,
when thou hast it, Dan ! Hold it fast in thy retentive
claw, keep it in thy treacherous trap ; don't let it gowhen
its feet are so conveniently embedded in the mire ; if it
could, like a serpent, it would sting thee, and scruple not
to tread over thy carcase into emoluments and office. '

It is, indeed, viewed abstractedly, a lamentable thing
behold Whiggery floundering and kicking in the hole, and
calling upon Daniel O'Connell to lend a hand and help it
out ! It is indeed lamentable to behold that great Cesar
in the midst of the roaring waters of destruction, and cry-
ing to the Irish Cassius, " Help me, or I sink !" it is, in-
deed, lamentable to behold so great talents Prostituted to
the demoniac altar of repeal ! to see such astonishing and
leviathan powers sold for golden place—to see all that was
once gay and flourishing! all that was once pou;erfut—
that was once rearing its head proudly above the billows
of political condemnation—that once firmly and nobly
stuck in its place, notwithstanding public clamour for re-
signation ! to see all this bribed into silence, (righted into
non-entity, beaten into ignominy! Alas, poor Whiggery,
let me lament thy fate ! let me mourn the disgrace of thy
ignominious end ! There thou layest ! Where ? I can-
not tell ; but we hear a faint noise, we hear a dying gasp •
there is something said about a renewal of life by a dis-
graceful coalition: but thou art so little the world can't
see thee; the remnant of thy mortality is coffined in ob-
scurity!

The last convulsive struggle before total annihilation is
just taking place in the political atmosphere. They have
tried in the registration courts; they have tried on the
platform of every theatre, great and small, in the king-
dom they have tried every way, and by every means, but
all has been of no avail—all their efforts have been use-
less; and this, this is their last refuge--this is their only
remaining chance—this is their dying effort. O'Connell
is arch enough to make a profession of amity to the
Whigs, the Whigs are reduced low enough to accept the
offers of O'Connell. Well, let them combine ; let them
have their full time out ; they both will be involved in
one common ruin—they both shall fall into the pit toga-
ther.-1 am, sir, &c.

DELTA.

UNIVERSITY 4• CLERICAL NEWS.

APPOINTMENTS.—Rev. Philip Hall Palmer, M.A.,
Jesus College, to the rectory of Woolsthorpe, Lincoln-
shire. Value, £l9l.—The Rev. Philip Vyvyan Robinson,
8.A., of Christ's College, to the rectory of Landewed-
nack, Cornwall. Value, £2s3.—The Rev. Henry Apreece
Coles, M.A.. of St. John's College, to the vicarage of
Marnbam, Nottinghamshire. Value, £2oB.—The Rev,
Conrad Makings Wimberley, M.A., to the vicarage of
Keddington, Lincolnshire. Value, £77.—The Rev. Wm.
Douglas Littlejohn, of Corpus Christi College, to
the vicarage of Thome with Sydenham, perpetual curacy,
Oxfordshire. Value, £2oo.—The Rev. Henry Egerton
Massie, B.A„ Queen's College, to the perpetual curacy
of Shocklacb, Cheshire. Value, £l97.—The Rev. Henry
Valentine Pickering, 8.A., of Pembroke College, to the
curacy of Kenton, Suffolk.—The Rev. George William
Manning, of Emanuel College, to the perpetual curacy of
St. Juliet's, Cornwall. Value, £6o.—The Rev. William
Hall Andrews, 8.A., of St. John's College, to the curacy
of Revelstock, Devon,—The Hon. and Rev. Grantham
Munton York, to be one of the domestic chaplains to the
Lord Bishop of Worcester.
EXAMINERS.—OXFORD.—In a Convocation held on
Thursday, in Liter Humanioribus, the Rev. John Mat-
thias Wilson, M.A., Fellow of Corpus, and the Rev.
Arthur West Haddan, M.A., Fellow of Trinity—ln Dis-
ciplinis Mathematicis et Physics, Rev. Nicholas Pocock,
M.A., Michel Fellow of Queen's.
DEGREES.—At Oxford, on Thursday, the following
degrees were conferred :—Masters of Arts.—The Hon.
Henry Pitt Cholmondley, Fellow of All Souls—Rev.
Nathaniel Midwinter, Magdalen Hall—Melville Portal,
Christ Church—Cornwall Simeon, Christ Church—Henry
Pritchard, Scholar of Corpus—Rev. Henry James Mar-
shall, Corpus—Rev. John 'William Kirkham, Jesus Col-
lege—Henry Ellison, Fellow of University—Joseph Cox
Algar, Fellow of University—Rev. James Badinel, Wad-
ham—Frederic John Vipan, Wadham—Rev. John Wit-
lis Grane, Exeter—John Hungerford Pollen, Fellow of
Merton—Arthur Hobhouse, Balliol— Rev. Charles Cuth-
bert Southey, Queen's—Rev. William Clayton, Queen's.
Bachelors of Arts.—William Brookes, Lincoln, Grand
Compounder—George Henry Vansittart, Balliol, Grand
Coro pounder—John Leslie, Christ Church—Philip Con-
stable Ellis, Jesus—Henry Jackson Rhodes, Scholar of
Corpus—Henry Robert Smith, Scholar of Brasenose—
Henry Newby, Worcester—George Drinkwater Bourne,
Oriel.

The vicarage of St. Stephen, London, has been pre-
sented to the Rev. Josiah Pratt, son of the late lamented
vicar.
TRACTARIAN EXECUTIVE COMM ITTEE.—A commit-
tee has been organised to promote the objects of -the
Tractarian party, and to take immediate advantage of
every opportunity of forwarding their designs.

It was a prelate of the Church, the venerable Bishop of
Bath and Wells, who first adopted the plan of alloting
small portions of land to labourers, which system has
gradually spread to almost every quarter of the empire.
_ _

. --
It is considered probable that Sir R. Peel will select
for the Deanery of Carlisle some clergyman of distin-
guished charaeter, resident in one of the Northern Dio-
ceses, and the names of the Rev. R. Buddicombe, Prin-
cipal of St. Bees College, and the Rev. G. Townsend,
Canon of Durham, are mentioned as likely to receive the
appointment. The future income of the office will be
£lOOO a year.

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL.

The Berlin journals announce a great rise in the price
of cotton goods in Prussia, and that the manufactures in
that country are in the most prosperous state.
SICKNESS IN THE FRENCH ARNIY IN ALGIERS.—
The number of sick in the military hospitals of Algiers is
at this moment 2,400. Diarhoea and dysentery are the
prevailing maladies.
It is stated in the Bible Society's Monthly Extracts
that the conversion of the entire Commune of Villefa-
card, in the department of the Haute Vienne, in France,
consisting of 600 Roman Catholics, has been effected by
the simple reading of the Scriptures, circulated by the
agents of the London Bible Society.
HORAIDLE EVENT.—The Presse states, that at Urdos,
in Spain, nvo lions and a tiger escaped front a menagerie.
One of the lions devoured a child, and wounded the
mayor of the town. On the departure of the courier the
animals had not been retaken, and the population re-
mained under the impression of the most profound terror.
NEW SOUTH WALES.—GREAT SALE OF SHEEP.---At
Mr. Samuel Lyons's sale of sheep on Monday, the follow-
ing prices were realised :—Four thousand five hundred and
seventy-five head, warranted sound, were sold at 2s. ild.;
and eight thousand six hundred and twenty three head,
very fine sheep, at 4s. 3d.—Sidney Colonial Observer,
May 23.

To PARTS IN A DAY.—By means of the railway from
Amiens to Boulogne, the two metropolises of the civilised
world will have only the distance of twelve hours between
them. In the course of three years, according to all
probability, the journey and voyage from Paris to Lon-
don will, during the greater part of the year, be accom-
plished between the rising and setting of the sun.
The trial of the Duke de Montmorency for the dis-
tribution of seditious medals took place on Monday, be-
fore the Paris Court of Assize. The Duke (or the Prince
de Robecq) was defended by M. Berryer, and was ac-
companied to court by the Duke of Fitzjames, the Mar-
quis de la Roche Jaquelin, and several other distinguished
members of the legitimatist party. M. Berryer asserted
that there was nothing political in the affair, and the jury
coincided in his view, for, after consulting five minutes,
they returned a verdict of " not guilty."
A WRETCH.—The Montreal papers contain accounts
of a horrible crime committed by Captain Wallace, of
the ship Jane Brown, at that port from Glasgow. A
young lady of 16, who was put under his charge by her
friendslin Glasgow, was seduced and dishonoured by the
captain during the passage, and when the ship reached
Montreal the poor girl was an idiot, and the crew state
that the captain' used to beat her with a rope's end, the
marks of which were deep and frequent on her shoulders!
The wretch was committed.

EFFECTS OF RAILROADS ON POSTING IN PRANCE.--
The Paris papers of Wednesday state, that on Tuesday
last M. Dailly, the president of the committee appointed
by the postmasters of France, together with M. Jouland,
their delegate, waited on the Minister of Finance to ex-
plain to him the st.te of their establishments, becoming
every day more deplorable. Some of them were totally
ruined by the establishment of railroads, and others were
unable to maintain the number of horses necessary for the
public service, and consequently the communication be.
tween several principal points was in ttinger of being in-
terrupted. The Minister replied, that he was determined
to bring the subject under the considerationlof the Cham-
bers in the ensuing session.
OUTRAGE IN MADEIRA.—The Sierra San Antonio, a
mountain district of Madeira, has recently been given to
pillage, under the following circumstances :—On the even-
ing of the 16th of September, fourteen policemen, some
armed, and others intoxicated, attempted to seize Nicolao
Vieira, a Portuguese, who, about eighteen months ago,
had joined the Scottish communion. Their only autho-
rity was a warrant, not signed as required by law. Under
these circumstances, Nicolao refused to follow them until
it should be light. His neighbours rallied round him ;
and, after some altercation, but without a blow being
struck by either side, the police retired. On the 23d of
September, fifty soldiers, commanded by Capt. Oliveira,
proceeded, under pretence of seizing the offenders, to pil-
lage the district. Some of the houses were gutted, others
stripped of their valuables, the live stock was killed, and
the inhabitants either taken prisoners, or obliged to fly.
The houses of two English merchants, Messrs. Burnett
and Ellicott, were filled with women flying from the vio-
lence of the soldiery. It was not till the pillage had con-
tinued three days that these gentlemen obtained, by their
urgent remonstrance, an order to restrain the soldiers.
Twenty-two prisoners were brought round in a frigate
and lodged in Funchal gaol.