The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-11-18 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STAND 111.

the van on such an occasion, if it is wished, to draw
down ridicule upon the effort and its authors. A
penny candle-dip, borne at the head of a procession,
would not convey the impression that anything very
resplendent was to come at the rear.
A third gentleman too, we rather fancy, somewhat
forgot past occurrences, which the public do not so.
soon forget. Mr. William Rathbone talked, in large,
phrase, of " the moral power of the police force '
being injured by Mr. Harbord's presence at the
Watch Board; and said something as to the election
of Mr. Hodgson to the Mayoralty being calculated
to endanger the peace of the town during the ensu-
ing winter. One thing, however, we are assured
of, as not likely to occur so long as Mr. Hodgson
holds the office of Chief Magistrate. He will not
entertain Mr. Daniel O'Connell at his table, or
countenance any other man, entertaining designs
whic. a minister of the day, of Mr. Rathbone's
own party, declared to be fraught with danger to the
integrity and the peace of the empire, and which
ought to be resisted "even at the hazard of a civil

A contemporary informs its readers that 'the
Highway Commissioners have of late been "over-
leaping some legal barriers," inasmuch as they have
been applying some funds levied under a paving
rate to purposes of sewerage, where was more ur-
gently needed. "The last rate levies for paving,"
our contemporary states, "was sevenpence in the
pound, and the paving rate, be it remembered, is
paid by occupiers. The rate for sewerage is eight-
pence in the pence, one half of which is paid by
occupiers." Out of this he makes a serious griev-
ance, to redress which, we presume, will be directed
the efforts of the Radical party, at the meeting for
the election of a portion of the Board on Thursday
next.

A very few words of explanation, will extenuate
the commissioners from any impropriety, in making
use of the funds complained of. In carrying out
their endeavours this year to supply the want of ef-
sewerage, which is the cause of so much
nongst our working population, and has

ficient

brought down upon the town so much obloquy
and discredit, the board discovered that their works
must be suspended and left incomplete, through
the insufficiency of funds to carry them out. At
the same time, there was a balance of nearly 10,000
remaining of the paving rate, not required for the
purposes of the year. In this emergency they were
informed by their legal adviser, Mr. Deane, that
the one fund was as much at their disposal—as
legally applicable to the improvement of the sewer-
age of the town—as the other; and, as they were
warranted in doing, they adopted the opinion of
such legal adviser, in the full confidence that it was
correct. _

Nor do we think that any but the very factions
amongst their fellow townsmen will blame them
for so doing. It may be said,—Why not have col-
lected another sewerage rate? But the ready an-
swer to this is that they had already levied the
amount under this head to which they are re-
stricted by their Act of Parliament; and, more-
over, there is little expectation that Parliament,
if increased powers were applied for, would
sanction a greater rate for sewerage to be col-
lected then the present. It is well known that
the bulk of that portion of the prope*y of the town,
most needing sewerage, is in the hands of men upon
whose limited resources the present rate presses
very hardly ; and since the liw permits the paving
rate to be applied to this purpose, why should men,
whose daily outcry is against the insalubrity of the
town, mainly created by the want of sewers and
proper drainage, complain of the application to so
useful a purpose of a sum so paltry, even if called
upon to pay for it a little more than their exact pro-
portion. Fever has walked up the hill from the
cellars and wretched hovels and streets Mary-
bone and Vauxhall to Everton and to Low-Hill
before now; and it will have ample opportunities
to do so again, if these favoured localities wait till
the owners of he v

wretched property in question can
sustain the levy of an increased sewera

Whilst upon this subject, and presuming that our
remarks may come into the hands of many of our
townsmen, who, will attend the meeting called for

Thursday: at which it will form a prominent matter
for discussion, we may again take an opportunity of
urging the necessity of concentrating the powers of
the various boards, of which the Highway Commis-
sioners form one, so far at least as the duties of
taking measures for improving the sanatory condi-
tion of the town is concerned, into the hands of one
powerful body—the Council. We feel perfectly sa-
tisfied that unless this is the case, and, especially if
any unseemly contentions arise ,-amongst us, the
infliction upon the town of Lord Lincoln's Bill, and
the consequent removal from the rate:payers of all
control over the management of their own funds,
will assuredly follow.

We understand that at a meeting, yesterday,
of the Health Committee of the Council, Mr. Am-
brose Lace was appointed chairman. Mr. Tinne,
a gentleman whose exertions to improve the sana-
tory condition of the town have been beyond all
praise, was proposed as deputy-chairman, when an
objection was raised against him, on the ground
that he is a member and secretary of another body,
not chosen by the Council ;—viz., the Health of the
Town's Association—whose duties were said to
clash in some way with those of the Health Com-
mittee ; and, in consequence, Mr. Alderman
Houghton was elected deputy-chairman, by a
majority of seven to six. We really cannot see
the pertinence of the objection raised against Mr.
Tinne, or how the two bodies can injuriously clash
in the performance of their several duties. The
Health Committee has it in charge to carry out the
regulations of Acts of Parliament for the improve-
ment of the sanatory regulation of the town. The
Health Association has more immediately in view
the collection of health statistics, and the diffusion
of them amongst the public, in such a shape as may
most tend to enable the, people to benefit from the
sanatory regulations adopted. We conceive that,
instead of clashing in their proceedings, they might
be of mutual benefit, and, especially, that their
operating harmoniously together would conduce
materially to the good of the town.

The Great Britain steam-ship, which was eight miles
west of the Light-Ship at four o'clock yesterday after-
noon, bad not re.ched the river when we were obliged to
send our papers to the post, but we shall no doubt receive
our despatches in time for the town edition. .

THE BAR.—We hear that C. Wilkins, Esq., of the
northern circuit, will shortly receive the honour of the
coif, on being elevated to the position of serjeant at law.
—Yorkshire Gazette.

Captain and Lady Adela Ibbottson arrived in Dublin
on Friday evening, the gallant officer's leave from his
regiment (the 11th Hussars) having expired on that day.
The headquarters of the 11th are at New bridge, a poor
, about 22 miles from the metropo
!dare.

INDIAN CORN A DESIRABLE ARTL:LE OF

FREE IMPORT.

Same time ago, the admission of Indian corn into this
country at a reduced duty—it is now classed with barley—
or free, was advocated' by an eminent agriculturist, Mr.
B. Escott, on the ground that it was more desirable that
the English farmer should, by the aid of this valua le
grain, be enabled to fatten his stock " on the premises,"
than that we should have an increased importation of fo-
rk:lip fatted cattle. The London Times of Thursday has
an article, in which are contained a number of statistical
details bearing upon the value and application of this
species of grain, which we shall here endeavour to com-
press tor the information of our agricultural readers.
In setting out, our contemporary maintains that the
supposition is incorrect that America has at any time a
la,ge stock of superfluous wheat on hand for exportation
to this and other European markets. The consumption
of wheat in the Union increases in an equal ratio with its
cultivation; and in good years the entire quantity availa-
ble for exportation will not exceed a minion and a half of
Whether such would be the case, however,

quarters

were the markets of England opened to the American
farmer, remains to be seen. We suspect that America
could send us much more than that quantity ; and our
contemporary's statistics as to the quantity and value of
Indian corn as human food, bear us out in that suspicion.
Mr. Elsworth, now the American minister at Stock--
holm, states that

" Throughout every part of the United States, Indian corn is
raised. It is used both green and ripe, is easily prepared as food,
and is fully as nutritious as wheat. Its usual cost in th 3 interior

is one-tbir'd Vat of wheat, and for human nutriment one bushel
of Indian corn is perhaps equal to one bushel and three-fourths
of barley, or three bushels of oats."

Here, then, is a nutritious food, upon which a large por-
tion of the people of the United States would willingly
fall back, if Great Britain would receive their wheat at a
duty which would be remunerating,—without calculating,
upon the extended cultivation which would certainly fol-
low any legislation in the direction of free trade. But to
our more immediate subject—the introduction of Indian
corn as an article of consumption in this country. Ame-
rica grows of this description of grain between four and
five hundred millions of bushels per annum. In 1843
the crop was estimated at 494,618,306 bushels ; in 1844 at
421,953,000 bushels—a supply of grain sufficient to feed
four times the population of the United States, and to
supply a large portion of Europe besides. Little more
than one hundredth part, however, is exported, and this
principally to our West Indian colonies and North Ame-
rica. The bulk is consumed in America itself, in the
feeding and fattening of pork. The following statistics,
as to the extent of this trade in the United States, may
be interesting to a portion of our readers :--

" The district in the West which is principally engaged in
raising pork as an article of commerce includes Ohio, Kentucky,
Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, lowa, and part of Tennessee. It
forms a circle 300 miles in diameter, of which the city of Cin-
cinnati is the centre. It will be observed, that this is precisely
the country in which the lai"gest crops of Indian corn are grown,
and the hog-population is exactly proportioned to the produce
of this species of grain in each state. The numbers of swine in
the Union are stated to have been, in 1840, 2,926,607 in Ten-
nessee; 2,310,533 in Kentucky; 2,599,746 in Ohio; 1,992,155 in
Virginia; 1,623,668 in Indiana; 1,495,234 in Illinois; 1,423,873
in Alab:ima ; 1,4-.7,755 in Georgia ; 1,271,161 in Missouri ;
1,503,964 in Pennsylvania; and in the whole Union no less than
26,301,293 All these hogs are fed on Indian corn exclusively,
and the trade in pork is immense. At Cincinnati alone about
500,080 are 'cut and packed' in one season, for different parts
of the Union, besides the vast amount detained for domestic
consumption. Pork-packing is in Cincinnati a profession : the
hog-butchers are a nation. Twenty-six pork-houses are exclu-
sively engaged in the trade in that city, with a capital of
2,0 Iva° dollars; and latterly a very extensive manufacture of
lard, oil, and stearine for candles, has been introduced into the
Union."

Of this vast amount of the porcine population of the
Union—which is in the proportion of a pig and a quarter
for every human being—Pie export is comparatively small.
From 1821 to 1841 it was nearly stationary, at a value of
a million and a half to two million of dollars; and in
1844, when admitted into the English markets at a re-
duced rate of duty, only reached 3,236,479 dollars.
The advantage to be derived from the introduction, at
a cheap rate, of a grain possessed of such valuable pro-
perties, is too obvious to need remark. The boon con-
ferred upon Ireland, in particular, would be incalculable.
The potato crops required to be raised, fully one-half of
which may be estimated as being consumed for fattening
purposes, would be materially decreased, and the land
applied to more use; whilst turnip cultivation might also
be lessened. In addition, (re might yearly become less
dependent upon importation for our supply of butchers'
meat, instead of, as at present, becoming yearly more
dependent upon extraneous resources.

THE MAYOR OF LIVERPOOL AND HIS DE-
FAM.

It must, by this time, appear perfectly clear to the pub-
lic that his worship, the present mayor, is to be perse-
cuted and maligned, during his year of office, by the
Radical portion of the Press of the town' who take his
appointment in high dudgeon. Several false statements
have been already put forth, which we hope are not inten-
tional misstatements, though it would have been more
creditable to the writers had they paused to inqukre before
propagating them to the world as facts.
A statement, however, appeared in the Albien of yes-
terday's .date, which we cannot deal with so leniently.—
The writer says, of Mr. Ilodgson's contribution to the
usual collection for the Blue Coat School, on the occa•
sion of the annual sermon preached at St. Peter's church,
on Sunday last, that "The Mayor contributed a £lO
n,te, being exactly the half of what was contributed this
time twelve months by his predecessor in office, Mr.
James Lawrence."

Thy object of the comparison made is very obvious.—
We do not, hbwever, hesitate to denounce the statement
as a pure invention, or at least a guess of the writer,
which is the more iniquitous as, if incorrect, it is one
which his worship cannot, with propriety, come forward
to set right, and we must, in justice to him and ourselves
as well, state that we write with no information whatever
of the amount of his contribution. Any one will admit,
however, that the Editor, or the Reporter of the Albion
could have no opportunity himself of seeing the amount
of the note said to be put into the box by his worship—
which, by the bye, it is usual to enclose, and is therefore
unknown even to the collector, and .we have the fullest
authority for saying that no information was supplied to
him from the authorities of the Blue Coat School. Thia
kind of bushfighting is really what any respectably con-
ducted paper ought to be above.

MELANCHOLY AFFAIR.—On Saturday afternoon last,
in Smithfield Market, iViancliester, as Mr. Jackson,
butcher, who conducted the business of his widowed
mother, was in the act of cutting a piece of meat, to do
which required much strength, the knife suddenly cut
through and entered his bowels, the injury from which,
shortly afterwards, occasioned his death. The deceased
was the only stay of an aged parent.
NOVEL. APPLICATION OF 1RON• IN GOTHIC ARCM-
TECTURE.—The use of iron is still greatly.extending in
Manchester, where the principles of its application are
well understood, and all the casting establishments are in
active operation. The most novel t.pplication of this ma-
terial is in the Independent chapel erecting in Salford,
near' the Broughton Bridge, from the designs of Mr.
Richard Lane. The roof is framed of cast-iron princi-
pals, curved, and meeting at the top in a Gothic arch.
Each half is in two pieces, firmly bolted together, and
the principals are connected by tie-rods. The feet of the
principals are spread out, and rest on blocks of stone,
but are further supported by iron columns, built into the
wall, which stand upon stone corbels at the ground level.
There are shoes, cast on the principals, to receive the pur-
lins. There will be a school-room underneath. There
are two heights of iron columns, the upper supporting the
iron girders for the galleries. These girders are curved
in form, so as to approach nearer to the section of the
steps for the galleries. The roof may be made a very
effective feature; and that a similar treatment of iron
work in Gothic architecture is desirable, has been pointed
out in a former number of this journal.—The Builder.

LIVERPOOL LYING-IN HOSPITAL AND DISPENSARY.
—This Institution deserves the extended support of the
public—it has for the last four years worked its way
steadily towards accomplishing the object its founders had
in view ; and now it must be classed amongst the truly
valuable charities of the town. The objects are of a
sound moral tendency, and have been already responded
to in other places to an extent not paralleled here.
Although Liverpool boasts of its Charities, it is a
strange fact that whilst latterly its commercial population
have been minting money in many departments, yet the
Public Charities have been falling off during the same
time. How is this ? Where are those who respond as
they ought to the divine injunction—" Free!), ye have re-
ceived, freely give,"—we hope that the free gifts are forth-
coming not only to this meritorious charity, but also to
the Dispensaries and others in need. The accumulated
wealth can only be justified by integrity in business, and
by liberal tithing thereof for benevolent purposes, else
will it canker in the garner of the holder, and burden its
possessor like Simonds of old. Rich in well-doing—
bountiful in alms,—is the title more to be coveted than
all empty honours, and is the smoothest pillow for the
weary head and heart of declining years. Let it be more
extensively done, and there will be less repentance over
misspent stevrard.ships.—The Annual Meeting of the
above Institution is advertised in our columns, and thereby
an opportunity afforded for those who wish to testify their
willingness to do good.
MISS WIIITNALL'S CONCERT.—We earnestly call at-
tention to the announcement of a grand concert to be
given on the evening- of to-morrow week, in the Theatre-
Royal, Williamson-square, for the benefit of our highly-
talented and accomplished townswoman, Miss Whitnall.
The musical capacity of this lady has for years been am-
p!), tested, and it must be gratifying to her to have re-
ceived the suffrages of so many cities and towns where she
has received engagements. The press of all those places
have been unanimous in an expression of admiration of
her taste and ability, but in Liverpool her character in

hese respects has rung been established. The concerts
She has given, at which an immense ainount of native and
7oreign talent has been engaged, have been sufficient to

show'the estimation in which she is held by the first mu-
sical performers in the world, whilst they are significant
.of
a desire to please her numerous patrons. The present
concert, we ought to impress upon the public, is given by
the fair ber.eficiare as a eet off for the pecuniary loss she
sustained by the last expensive series in the Amphitheatre.
It will be recollected that on those occasions all the leaders
of the Italian Opera were here, and that .those concerts
were given on a most magnificent scale. The performers
gave universal satisfaction : every body was pleased, but
the result exhibited a serious loss to Miss Whitnall. Un-
der these cirdiimstances she has a strong claim upon the
public; and we shall be extremely disappointed if, after
their knowledge of the circumstances, the loss formerly
sustained on their account is not now amply compensated
for. The pr: gramme is exceedingly rich and copious;
the selections have been made in the very spirit of refine-
ment and taste, and the performers are all of great and
deserved eminence. We shall recur to this part of the
subject in our next.