The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-12-31 00:00:00

ABSTRACT OF PRESIDENT TYLER'S
MESSAGE.

The President opens his message with some remarks
on the recent Presidential election, in which he expresses
his gratification at the peaceable manner in which it was
conducted, and remarks on the admirable construction of
the American constitution and the blessings and benefits
of a federal legislation. Ile then announces, that, since
his last annual message, there has been no material
change in the foreign relations of the States, which con-
tinued on the most friendly terms with all the powers of
Europe. After some congratulation cn the growing con-
viction amongst nations that peace is their true policy, he
says, " Since the close of your last session a negociation
has been formally entered upon between the secretary of
state and her Britannic Majesty's Minister Plenipoten-
tiary and Envoy Extraordinary, residing at Washington,
relative to the rights of their respective nations in and
over the Oregon territory. That:nethociation is still pend-
ing. Should it, during your session. be brought to a de-
finite conclusion, the result will be promptly communi-
cated to Congress. I would, boy/ever, again call your
attention to the recommendations contained in previous
messages, designed to protect and facilitate emigration to
that territory. The establishment of military posts at
suitable points upon the intended line of travel would
enable our citizens to migrate in comparative safety to
the fertile regions below the falls of the Columbia, and
make the provision of the existing convention for the
joint occupation of the territor► by the subjects of Great
Britain and the citizens of the United States more available
than heretofore to the latter. These posts would continue
places of rest for the weary emigrant, where he would be
sheltered securely against the danger of attack from the
Indians and be enabled to recover from the exhaustion of
a long line of travel. Legislative enactments should also
be made which should spread over him the aegis of our
laws, so as to afford protection to his person and property
when he shall have reached his distant home. In this
latter respect the British Government has been much
more careful of the interestiof such of her people as are
to be found in that country than the United States. She
bag made necessary provision for their security and pro-
tection against the acts of the viciously-disposed and law-
less ; and her emigrant reposes in safety under the panoply
of her laws. Whatever may be the result of the pending
negociation, such measures are necessary, It will afford
me the greatest pleasure to witness a happy and favour-
able termination to the existing negociation, upon terms
compatible with the public honour ; and the best efforts
of the Government will continue to be directed to this
end. _ _

" It would have Riven me the highest gratification in
this, my last annual communication to Congress, to have
been able to announce to you the coasplete and entire
settlement and adjustment of other matters in difference
between the United St.mtes and the government of her
Britannic Majesty, which were adverted to in a previous
message. It is so obviously the interest of both coun-
tries, in respect to the large and valuable commerce
which exists between them, that all causes of complaint,
however inconsiderable, should be, with the greatest
promptitude, removed, that it must be regarded as cause
of regret that any unnecessary delay') should be perm.ittsd
to intervene. It is true that, in a pecuniary point of
in
significant
in the matters alluded to are, altogether,
in amount when compared with the ample rest urces of
that great nation; but they, nevertheless, more particu-
larly that limited class which arise under seizures and

detentions of American ships on the coast of Africa, upon
the mistaken supposition indulged in at the time the
wrong was committed, of their being engaged in the slave
trade, deeply affect the sensibilities of this government
and people. Great Britain having recognised her respon-
sibility to repair all such wrongs, by her action in other
cases, leaves nothing to be regretted upon this subject, as
to all cases prior to the Treaty of Washington, than the
delay in making suitable reparation in such of•thrm as
fall plainly within the principle of others which she has
long since adjusted. The injury inflicted by delays in the
settlement of those claims, falls with severity upon the
individual claimants, and makes a strong appeal to her
magnanimity and sense of justice for a speedy settlement.
Other matters, arising out of the construction of existing
treaties, also remain unadjusted, and will continue to be
urged upon her attention."

The President then goes on to state the result of nego-
ciations with other nations, mentioning the treaty with
the Germanic states, and the assimilation of the United
States' flag with that of Belgium, for purposes of direct
trade. With respect to the affairs of Texas, he says,
Mexico has threatened to renew the war, and has either
made, or purposes to make, formidable preparations for
invading Texas. She has issued decrees and proclama-
tions, preparatory to the commencement of hostilities,
"full of threats revolting to humanity, and which, if carried
into effect, would arouse the attention of all Christendom.
This new demonstration of feeling, there is too much
reason to believe, has been produced in consequence of
the negociation of the late treaty of annexation with Texas.
After stating that a strong representation was made from
the United States to Mexico, he proceeds to argue against
the practice and policy of the proceedings of the Mexicans,
to show that the Texians had only done what was natural
and, indeed, inevitable, for which the Mexicans were
rashly bent on provoking a contest the consequences of
which must be fearful. Upon the ratification of the
treaty, the Executive was prepared to treat with her on the
most liberal terms. Hence the boundaries of Texas were
left undefined by the treaty. The Executive propo ed to
settle these upon terms that all the world should have
pronounced just and reasonable. No negociation upon
that point should have been undertaken between the
United States and Mexico in advance of the ratification of
the treaty. Mexico threatened war with the states if the
treaty were ratified ; but by that threat they were not to
be influenced, nor was it required. His opinion was, that
if the treaty had been ratified by the Senate, it would have
been folloeed by a prompt settlement, to the entire satis-
faction of Mexico, of every matter in difference between
the two countries. The treaty was not ratified, but, said
he, a controlling majority of the people, and a large
majority of the States, have declared in favour of imme-
diate annexation. Instructions have thus come up to
both branches of Congress from their respective consti-
tuents, in terms the most emphatic. It is the will of both
the people and the States that Texas shall be annexed to
the Union promptly and immediately. It may be hoped
that, in carrying into execution the public will, thus
declared,all collateral issues may be avoided. The Texians,
be proceeded, were still desirous of throwing themselves
under the protection of the States, and no complaint
could be apprehended from any other quarter. It was a
question for their own decision whether she should be
received or not, the forms of annexation having been
already resolved upon between the two governments.
The decree of Mexico in relation to retail trade and the
order for the expulsion of foreigners were in violation
of the treaty of amity ; and these questions remained
unadjusted.
The President next congratulates the nation on the im-
proved condition of the Treasuiy.
" The paralysis which had fallen on trade and com-
merce, and which subjected the Government to the
necessity of resorting to loans, and the issue of Treasury
notes, to a large amount, has passed away, and, after the
tyment of upwards of 7,000,000 dollars on account of
the interest, aril in redemption of more than 5,000,000
dollars of the public debt, which fal:s due on the Ist of
January next, and, setting apart upwards of 2,000,000
dollars for the payment of outstanding Treasury notes,
and meeting an instalment of the debts of the corporate
cities of the district of Columbia, an estimated surplus
of upwards of 7,000,000 dollars over and above the exist-
ing appropriations remain in the Treasury at the close of
the fiscal year."
After some remarks on the revenue department and ar-
guments in the support of his own views thereon, the pre-
sident proceeds to observe on the reports of the Secreta-
ries of War, the Navy, &c., which, however, do not con-
tain any points of general interest. He strongly advises
the establishment of lines of steam-ships to ply regularly
between the United States and foreign ports, and con-
cludes by congratulating the houses of congress upon the
happy auspices under which they had assembled, and the
improved prospects of trade, manufactures, and revenue.
—Albion.

NEW ZEALAND.—Captain Fitzroy and the Legislative
Council of New Zealand have adopted an incontrovertible
paper currency of debenture, which are to be a legal tender
for all payments. The incontrovertible debentures to be
issued and rendered legal tender will not, at most, amount
to £25,000, in all probability not to £15,000; and there
issue is a mere temporary measure resorted to by Captain
Fitzroy to relieve the financial difficulty in which he found
New Zealand.

NEW SOUTH WALES.—Accounts have been received to
the IA of August. It would appear from the official
returns of the banks in operation for the quarter ending
June, that the commercial community is in a much better
position than previously, the disc,unts having decreased
and the deposits increased. The banks are stated to be
acting with much caution, and additional calls had been
made towards capital. The accounts from the interior
are favourable. Several establishments had been formed
to carry on the operation of tallow melting, and the
profits realized by the process seem to be considered per-
fectly commensurate with the outlay required. The
prices fetched in the London market had given a great
impulse to this new branch of trade. In the Sydney
papers advices from New Zealand to the middle of July
report a deficiency of £lO,OOO, between the estimates of
revenue and expenditure, but this amount Captain Fitz-
roy intimates an expectation of receiving from the home
Government towards the known expenses contingent
upon the first direction of a new colony. The expenditure
is estimated at about £35;000, and the revenue at £25,000.
The Debenture Bill had passed the Legislature.

PERU.—BOMBARDMENT OF THE GOVERNOR'S House
BY.A. BRITISH MAN OF \VAR.—Accounts have been re-
ceived from South America representing that an outrage
had been committed on the British Consul resident at
Arica, and that the authorities of the town were the par-
ties; the outrage is mentioned as being of the grossest
description. The British squadron engaged in the block-
ade of Islay had information of the outrage communi-
cated by Mr. Wilson, the insulted consul, and her Ma-
jesty's ship Talbot was immediately dispatched to Arica.
It is said that water was refused this vessel. Our Peru-
vian minister, Mr. Adams, happened to be on board the
Talbot, and considered the circumstances of the case so
flagrant as to demand sin immediate apology, which was
required in the name of the British Government by the
commander of the Talbot. The apology being refused,
the Talbot opened fire on the governor's residence ;
several shells were thrown in, and this was represented as
being only a beginning, and that the town would be bom-
barded. This prompt mode of dealing brought the autho-
rities to better behaviour—an ample apology was given,
and tranquility at once restored. It is not mentioned
whether any persons were killed by the shells thrown from
the Talbot. All the English residents at Arica were well
looked after and taken on board previous to opening fire;
but when matters were settled they went on shore again.
FnAN ca.—Bis Majesty delivered his speech on Thurs-
day, from which we extract the following, as being inte-
resting to this country --" At the close of last session,
complications, which might have become grave, were the
objects of my solicitude. The necessity of securing our
possessions in Africa against hostile and repeated incur-
sions obliged us to carry war into the empire of Morocco.
Our brave armies of land and sea, worthily commanded,
attained with glory, and in a short time. the object
marked out to their valour. Peace promptly followed
victory, and Algiers, where three of my sons had this
year the honour to serve their country, has recorded a
double pledge of security, for we have proved at once our
power and our moderation. My government was engtiFed
with that of the Queen of Great Britain in discussions
which might have given reason to fear that the relations
of the two states might have been affected ; a mutual
spirit of goodwill and equity has maintained between
France and England this happy concord, which guaran-
tees the perce of the world. During the visit which I
paid the Queen of Great Britain to testify to her the
price that I attach to the amity which unites us, and to
that reciprocal friendship of which she has given me so
many marks, I have been surrounded by manifestations
the most satisfactory for France and for myself. I have
gathered in the sentiments that have been expressed to
me additional guarantees for the long duration of that
generous peace, which assures to our country abroad a
dignified and strong position, and at home art eternally
increasing prosperity, with the enjoyment of her consti-
tutional liberties."
BUENOS AIRES AND MONTE VIDF-o.—The Times has
the following extract of a letter dated Buenos Ayres, Oct.
2nd :—" Circumstances of an extraordinary nature took
place at the MOunt (Monte Video) on Sunday last, the
29th ult., being nothing leas than the seizure, by the
American commodore commanding the United Sta.es
frigate Congress, of the whole of the Argentine squadron.
We recall to your recollection the fact, that since the de-
parture of Commodore Purvis, the fishing-boats of Monte
Video are seized by the Argentines whenever they can
catch them. On Sunday one of these boats was pursued
by an armed schooner bearing the Buenos Ayrean flag ;
and the latter having the best of the chase, the boat ran
under the lee of an American barque for security, upon
which the armed schooner, without hailing or other usual
notice, fired shotted guns into the American barque,
doing some damage, being at that time, too, within range
of the Congress's guns. The American commodore then
sent an armed boat to take possession of the aggressive
schooner, and then of the whole Argentine squadron in
detail, lowering the flags of each vessel in succession.
Commodore Grenfell, commanding the Brazilian naval
force at Monte Video, sent a message to Capt. Phippen,
of the Argentine squadron, stating that lie considered the
blockade to be void, as the blockading naval power had
ceased to exist. Her Britannic Majesty's brig Philomel
arrived here to-day, despatched by Mr. Turner, with let-
ters to Mr. Mandeville; and there the affair stands for
the present. We may add, that the armed schooner did
not exactly belong to the squadron, and is stated to be
one of the small craft fitted out by Oribe, and manned
by the lowest class of foreigners, chiefly Italians, who
receive no fixed pay, hut remunerate themselves by prize
money.' She carried no papers of any kind, and the
American commodore detains this vessel as a ' piratical
craft.' We have detailed this affair to you, because the
consequences are likely to be serious. On the same day,
a sortie was made front Monte Video, under command of
Flores, who succeeded in surprising a party of Oribe's
tnen, slew about sixty, and earned off a quantity of cat:le

and horses, which were driven into town. Should any-
thing further of interest occur, we shall not fail to let you
know. This government bought yesterday the Austrian
brig llastaurador Rosns, of 332 tons, for 50,000 dollars,
patacones; she was built at Trieste for a vessel of war,
and sent out here for the express purpose of sale."
The brig Liberal, from Rio de Janeiro, was wrecked in
the Tagus, on the 16th instant. The captain, four pas-
sengers, and four of the crew were drowned.

The beautiful tower of Strasburgh Cathedral, the
highest in the world, has given way upwards of six feet
from the perpendicular, and its immediate fall is antici-
pated.

The Attorney-General and Lady Follett and family
have arrived at Home, from a tour in Sardinia, Tuscany,
&c. The honourable gentleman is in rather improved
health, and is not expected to return to England for some
weeks.

The paper manufactory belonging to Messrs. Brice and
C 6., situate at La Vallette, near Paris, was reduced to
ashes on Monday night. The young woman through
whose imprudence the fire originated perished in the
flames, and a corporal and a soldier died victims of their
zeal whilst endeavouring to extinguish the fire.
We extract from Simmond's " Colonial Magazine" for
December, the following, being the average quantity per
acre of agricultural crops produced annually in New
South Wales during the last ten years, viz.—Wheat, 14
bushels ; Maize, 174 bushels ; Barley, 154 bushels ' • Oats,
134 bushels ; Rye, 134 bushels ; Millet, 44 bushels ; Po-
tatoes, 24 tons; Tobacco, 7 cwt. ; and Hay, 14 ton.
The Montreal Herald states that Mr. Logan, who is
well known b! geologists for his researches in Canada,
has in a recent survey of the Upper Province discovered
near Lake Sialcoe, and explored to the extent of 60 or
70 miles, a great bed of lithographic stone. If true, this
will prove of great importance to the art, as Germany has
hitherto been the only source of supply, and that a most
limited one.
THE W EATHER IN ITALY.—A letter from Piedmont,
of the 15th states, that a great quantity of snow at that
date covered the valley of the Po. At Turin, it fell to the
depth of three feet, and so great a weight of it covered the
roofs of the houses, that men were employed to shovel it
off, fears being entertained of the w oodwork giving way.
At Alexandria, Asti and some other parts of Piedmont,
the snow was nearly four feet deep, and when the last ac-
counts left, everything foreboded a most severe winter.
A FIRE ON THE PRAIRIES.—On Thursday se'nnight,
Ezekiel Fields and Jack Fields, with their two sons, resi-
ding in the northern part of the nation, went to their field
for the purpose of preventing a fire, then sweeping over
the Prairie, from consuming their fences. But a high
wind prevailing at the time, the flames rushed onward
with such speed that they were obliged to leave their work,
and endeavour to save themselves by flight. The two men
and one of the lads were, however, soon overtaken, and
burnt to death.--Cherokee Advocate.
IMMENSE CASTING.—The Journal des Dcrbats states
that the gigantic head of the statue of Bavaria, a bronze
statue, which is to be 68 feet high, was withdrawn from
the mould in which it was cast at the royal foundry of
Mun'ch on the evening of the 14th inst., in presence of
the King and Queen of Bavaria, and a considerable num-
ber of distinguished personages. The beauty of the head
of Bavaria, which is the work of the celebrated Schwan-
'haler, excited such enthusiasm amongst the spectators
that they joined their voices to a chorus of 300 of the
Philharmonic Society of Munich, who chanted a hymn
composed for the occasion by the Baron de Poissel, di-
rector of the Theatre Royal of Munich.
A TRAP ron BURGLARS.—On Sunday morning, while
the family of M. Girardot were out, a thief' broke into
their house, and having packed up all the valuables, was
about to walk off with them, when he was tempted by a
large t of of comfiture and ahottle of brandy, which he
found in a closet. Having eaten all the sweetmeat and
drunk half the brandy, he found himself so overcome that
he staggered under his burden, and resolved to recover
his powers by a nap. Having placed a loaded gun, which
he found in a corner, beside bim, he laid himself down on
the servant's bed, and fell into so sound a sleep, that
Mademoiselle Girardot, who returned earlier than the
rest, discovered her new lodger still close locked in the
arms of Morpheus. The packages at once told her his
character. With soft steps she went out again, and
brought back with her some gendarmes, who awoke the
sleeper, and conducted him to prison.—F, ench paper.
H USBANDS AND WIVES.—A Swiss journal furnishes
us with the following romantic tale of real life :—A mar-
ried couple, who had for several years lived in a
state of anti-conjugal harmony, determined to part, and
made an appointment with each other to meet at a no-
tary's to sign the deed of separation. To arrive at the
office of the man of law they had to cross a lake, and, as
it happened, they both embarked in the same boat. On
their passage a storm arose, and the boat was upset. The
husband being a good swimmer, soon reached the shore
in safety. On looking around him to see the fate of his
fellow passengers, he distinguished his wife still struggling
for her life, but in imminent danger. A feeling of his
early affection returned to him, and plunging again into
the water, he swam to her, and succeeded in rescuing her.
When she recovered her senses, and learnt to whom she
owed her life, she threw herself into his arms; he em-
braced her with equal cordiality, and they vowed au obli-
vion of all their differences, and that they would live and
die together.