The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-10-14 00:00:00

CHURCH OF ENGLAND ASSOCIATION.

LECTURE BY THE REV. DR. CUMMING
LAST NIGHT.

The first lecture of the season of the Church tot Eng-
land Association was delivered last night, by the Rev.
John Cumming, 13. D. in the Theatre Royal, William-
son-square. The magnificent theatre was crowded
in every part, and never before was such a concourse
of auditors gathered within the spacious building.—
The stage was densely thronged with clergymen and ladies.
The Rev. Fielding Ould occupied thechair. Amongst others
on the stage we noticed—The Revds. William Pollock,
J. B. Lowe, Rawson, W. H. Wright. S. Minton, H.
Hampton, D. Anderson, Robinson, F. Parry, W. R.
B. Arthur, Wm. Maynard, J. J. Butler, Wallace. J.
Mariand ; R. Biekersteth, Esq., Wm. Nicoll, Esq., Chas.
Bushell, E.q., Wm. Jones, Esq., Greene, Esq., C.
Mulvany, Esq.
In front of the Chairman's table, affixed to the crimson
table cloth, was a placard, hearing the following

Inscrip-
tion :—" Oueht Cardinal Wiseman to be expelled from
Britain, and Papists to be kept under public surveillance
and control," &c., &c.
The Rev. J. J. Moss having offered up an appropriate
prayer,—
.

The Rev. CHAIRMAN said, he need not express the
great pleasure he felt in occupying the situation which he
then filled. He was about to introduce to them the dis-
tinguished brother who, in the midst of so many engross-
ing topics to occupy his attention and engage his talents,
had kindly undertaken to deliver the lecture of the even-
ing. This was not the first time that they had had the
happiness of welcoming Dr. Cumming to Liverpool, and
of enjoying the rare intellectual gratification of hearing an
address from his lips. Some of them had the privilege of
Dr. Cumming's personal acquaintance and friendship ;
many had listened with delighted attention to his spirit-
stirring discourses delivered in London and elsewhere ;

and all were familiar with his name and reputation, as
eing one of the earliest, most persevering, and
ssful of their great Protestant champions. (Loud
He (Dr. Cumming) was one of the most
i true-hearted men that
I had raised up for the perilous times

ifted. intrepid. eloquent

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Christendom ; she proclaimed this as the mother of the
world. It was alleged that in all parts of the world, wher-
ever the influence of the high priest was, there
was perfect unity. (Hear, hear.) This was a
;--to prove this the ehurch of Rome must
show that the ehurch of the first century was precisely
what the Romans believed in, and what the apostle Paul
addressed his epistles to.—The rev. gentleman, at great
length, illustrated, in a very pleasing and telling manner,
that although there might be uniformity in a church,
as in the Church of Rome, it did not follow,
therefore, that there must be unity.—The Church
of Rome next !aid claim to venerable age. Now, they
(the Protestants) did not deny that she was an old church ;
they only denied that she was the first church; and, there-
fore, on that ground, had no claim upon their acceptance.
Another plea urged in favour of the Church of Romewas the
many truths she retained. The first twelve articles of the
Nicene Creed, were pure Christianity—the other twelve
pure Romanism. The Church of Rome accepted
the first twelve, and thus made truth a creature to a
lie, and constituted herself the great mistress
of iniquity. Many churchmen said that the Church
of Rome forbade the Bible; if she did this
she would not be the mistress of iniquity. She
admitted the Bible, but then it was always in a tongue
not to be understood by the people. The Church of
Rome had power to license the Bible. Now, if she had
power to license it, it implied that she had the power to
prohibit it. And when the Church of Rome granted the
Bible, mark how she hampered it. He would give
five hundred pounds to any priestwho would produce what
the Church held upon the Bth chapter of the Epistle to the
Romans. Itwas giving to the people a basket full of bread,
a fountain full of water,—but. then, it needed the aid of the
Pope andaCardinal toenable the people to partake of them.
(Cheers.) The Rev. Lecturer then proceeded to discuss that
branch of his subject which related to what the Church of
Rome was at present. It had been stated that the Church
of Rome was the most moral and most pure in the world ;
but to show them in what that morality and purity con-
sisted, he should tell them that Cardinal Wiseman had
published the life of a saint called St. Liguori, and
whose supposed virtues were so great that Romanists
on the second day of each annual August devoutly called
upon him for heavenly as well as earthly assistance. His
life was worth reading. He would recommend it to every
one. Its cost was only three pence. In this it was said
the Monks ought to discipline themselves ; and what did
they think was the discipline --

Alluded to—why, the Monks
thousands of thousands of the lower thereflagellated themselves with the cat-o'-nine tails. This
ed that knowledge which led to life esernal. Saint Liguori was one of those self-sacrificing saints who
attached to the doctrine and discipline of in the exuberance of their zeal was determined to commit
red church of Scotland, he had a heart suicide, and he was flogging himself so hard that it was
embrace the faith of every church. Hence feared he would kill himself. In this attempt he was
fropriately selected by the members of the prevented, and so great was his (Cardinal Wiseman's) ap-
Ind Institution to deliver the first lecture preciation of this saint, that he wrote hie life. And he
series. The Reverend Chairman then tells us that " The bread which this Saint Liguori eat was
e of what Romanism at present was so hard that it had to be pounded in a mortar." On this
the I.:st- q the Cardinal breaks forth and says in his life " What a
ly Ca' ; saint he must be ?" If this man was a saint, well, then,
tves, z what a black set the sinners of Rome must be. (Ap-
Palace plause.) After reading a few extracts from the life of
able t, Liguori, the Rev. Lecturer proceeded to state that on a
r to lip former occasion in London, when he quoted extracts
incens from the Psalter of Saint Bonaventura, their correct-
not lit ness had been denied, but he had since
ions of been able to find that that which he then stated
nor was quite correct, and to get the latest
ill sow editions of this work. .In this work he takes all the most
of Mc( beautiful and most sublime passages of our most
ivilisef exquisite psalms, and apportions them to the Virgin
-r of Ir Mary ; and that august, and, he always believed
After magnificent, hymn of the Church, the Te Deum,
ed Dr was also converted in this psalter of this saint
semen into a horrible parody to the Virgin. He did not
scour think that the Church of England had a monopoly of
that beautiful hymn, but it was horrible to hear its
first glorious opening passage thus perverted—" We
praise thee, mother of all good ; all the angels praise thee,
and we praise thee, oh, mother of God "; and further on,
they found in this saintly Psalter—" From the torments
of the damned, deliver us, good Mary." And then again
there was the perversion of the Creed of St. Athanasius in
the same author, and in which it was told them that " if
they would be saved, they must have the right feeling and
faith in the Virgin Mary"— and again the exclamation
was made, " Save us from our enemies, oh, blessed
Virgin." He hoped that the nation would he saved from
this pitfall of horrible idolatry which he had noticed.
He defied any one to point out that the works he
had just quoted from were not the correct and
genuine editions. All of them were in circulation at pre-
sent, and none of them bore more ancient date than 1844.
The church which sanctioned such gross idolatry he had
no hesitation in characterising as that of evil to all
that was calculated to promote the welfare of God's
people. His next charge against the Church of Rome
was, that she was a persecuting church. She charged
the Protestants with being a persecuting church. He
admitted the charge. He admitted that Protestants
had persecuted. His wonder was, that they had
got rid of persecutions—got rid of that spirit of per-
secution which they had imbibed from Rome at so
early a stage in their glorious reformation. He did not
say that the reformers were perfect. They were
passionate men, but they had much to contend with,
and after all they were only God's servants car-
rying out God's work. They regretted that their
fathers should have done so ; but they felt that
now the Church of Rome was only too willing (if she
had the power.) to light up another Smithfield, and to
perpetrate another St. Bartholomew. He held in his
hand a medal, which was illustrative of the intolerant
spirit of Romanism—it was a medal for which he had given
a guinea, and was of a recent date, from the mint of the
Vatican, and was in commemoration of the slaughter
of St. Bartholomew. He could tell them the Church of
Rome persecuted still. If they knew the whole of the
oaths and forms prescribed to the bishops and archbishops
of that church, they would have no hesitation in believing
that. When the archbishop received from the Pope the pa-
lium of office, he took an oath to the effect that all rebels
against the head of the Church and against the light of
the Holy Father should be persecuted by him to the
utmost of his power. This statement had been denied by
Dr. Doyle, who stated in his sermon that there was no
such clause in the oath, which was, according to him, " all
heresy and schism I will oppose to the best of my power."
He had, however, looked for this clause, said to be in
existence by Dr. Doyle, and he could not find such a
one. In reference to the persecution of Rome, Dr.
Doyle had stated that the friar Alphose De Castro had re-
primanded Queen Mary for her cruelties against the Pro-
testants of that age. This he found, however, to be as
great a fallacy as the rest, as he would show them in a
little. In delivering a subsequent lecture, but he (Dr. C.)
was going to prove the existence of this oath, when he got a
note from bis Eminence the Cardinal, stating that the
oath in question had reference merely to those who
were not subjects of the British crown. To this note
he (the rev, lecturer) answered by stating to his Emi-
nence that he would call upon him on a certain day.
and :that he would be accompanied by Sir John Maxwell
and another friend, and that he would then require
to see three things. First, the original of the re-
scripts to the Roman clergy of England, secondly, a copy
of the books in which all their oaths were published, and
thirdly, his pontifical, or the document under which
he obtained all his powers. To this he received
no reply, but upon the day fixed he went to the mansion
of his Eminence, in St. George's-square, where he was
received by a handsome page, who told him his Eminence
was not at home. He then inquired if any orders had
been left for the gentieman who had writtenito his Emi-
nence on the subject referred to, and he was shewn in to
bis secretary, who, after the usual amount of explanation,
sheaved him and his friends the Episcopal Pontifical,
in which he found the oath taken by the Archbishop
written in a very neat hand in the front of the book, and
in very new ink, but without the clause in it to whiali he
had before referred. He looked further on, however, and
he found the oath again, written, but across the obnoxious
passage in the oath there was drawn a line of the finest
black ink cancelling that part of it. He (Dr. Cumming)
asked the secretary if he had any initials or other autho-
rity to show him that this erasure was authorised, or
that it was correct ? To this the secretary replied,
"No authority, sir ; can't tell you anything." But
he (Dr. C.) was not contented with this, for he
went further on through the book, and there he found in
the oath for the archiepiscopal bishop, the identical one
which he had before quoted, without the slightest
erasure; and besides, he could not help from telling the
secretary who informed him, in answer to his inqui-
ries, that the alteration before noticed had been made
at least thirty years ago, that the ink looked like Mor-
rell's, not invented for more than five years. (Applause.)
The secretary informed him that he had no authority,
and could give him no information. Dr. Doyle had
informed them that De Castro was the enemy of persecu-
tion, and he read from a volume of his works in support
of the position which be advanced ; but in another work
by the same author, which he (Dr. Cumming) bad found,
this De Castro had propounded the most awful doc-
trines. In this work he states that the way to treat the
enemies of the Church and heretics for their contumacy,
is to confiscate their property ; and further, " If the King
becomes a heretic, he loses his throne ipse jure ; and if the
heir of his throne should follow in the same course, he also
was to be set aside; and if the people became affected by
heretical doctrines, then the appointment to the
throne falls into the hands of the Roman Pon-
tiff." And another sample of the same saint and father
was to be found in his exhortations, where he said, " That
it was lawful and righteous to put heretics to death, but
as to the manner of putting them to death it did not mat-
ter. In some places they were cast into the rivers, and in
others they were cast into boiling oil ; and it was the prac-
tice of all Christians to put heretics to death by fire." Such
were the evidences of the persecuting spirit of the Church of
Rome, He would next take a few specimens of the morality
preached by this Saint Liguori, whom Cardinal Wiseman
had held up to their admiration. "It is lawful," says
he, " to conceal the truth by words of an ambiguous
and doubtful sense ; and it is lawful to use equivo-
cation, and to confirm that equivoc4tion on oath if
needs be." This was , the moralit'eof the Saint of
Cardinal Wiseman. He says in another part of his
work, "If a murder be revealed in the confessional
the priest is not to divulge it. because he hears it under
the seal of the confessional." And again ; if a servant
be requested to say that her or his master is not at home,
she or he is enjoined to say so in the true Popish) style.
" If a man calls and says ' Is your master in ?' you may
say ' No, he is not here,'--because he is not.
on the spot where you are then standing." .Ikm,', "
a Catholic should et any time promise marriage to

with crin
Men-

, gloves

and stock-

.es, from Glf, quare to Lambeth Palace—(laughter
and cheers)—Romanism was not yet able to sing high
mass in the Abbey of Westminster, or to light with her
countless candles, or perfume with her incense, the clois-
ters of St. Paul's. Romanism was not likely long to
maintain her grasp of the enslaved millions of cur fellow-
Irish subjects, nor were Dr. Cullen nor Dr. M'Hale
unlikely to he sent as useless lumber to fill some vacant cor-
ner in the Vatican. Romanism was not likely to be ena

bled to cru4b, with iron hoof, the civilised liberties of
Englishmen, or to degrade the character of Irishmen in the
civilised nations of the world (cheers.) After some further
remarks, the rev. chairman introduced Dr. Cumming to
the audience. who was received with tremendous plaudits.
The Rev. LECTURER (of whose discourse the follow-
ing is but an outline) said he appeared before his
testant friends, not for a moment supposing he could

eive a view of Romanism' with which they were not
already in some degree familiar, inasmuch as they
had heard the subject explained from their pulpits and

gical system, to that to which the), had already listened; but
some leading incidents seemed, like unexpected tapers, to
cast their light upon the subject, and ti..ese might not oe
useless to teach the lessons which they seemed so do.
quently to enforce. (Hear, bear.) He did not propose
to give an eloquent speech : Liverpool was not the place

. . . -
for that, nor was the present the spot, surrounded by gifted
ministers, to do so. But having become practically ac-
quainted with the errors of Romanism , he thought he might
be enabled to throw out some thoughts which might not

explain -his lecture—" Romanism as it is,"—describe
it by epithets. First, let him state what, to
many, might seem an unexrcted announcement. He
regarded it altogether as a supernatural and infernatural sys-
tem. Tts doctrines were sown by no human hand,—it
was too evil to be from above, and too successful to be
from man; it was the wisdom of the Archangel, and com-
bined the depravity of the Archangel fallen. (Hear, hear.)
He regretted that it was the church of Satan—his master.
piece as the great enemy of mankind. The rev. lecturer
here related an anecdote, to the effect that one day
whilst sitting in his study, preparing his sermons, a servant
entered and said a strange gentleman was at the door, who
wished to speak with him. As he (Dr. Cumming) was
one of the governors of the Scotch hospital at
the time, he thought the individual in waiting
might have !called upon him to solicit him to
sign a petition. He (the rev. doctor) showed him into
the study. The stranger walked in, having shoes with
only soles on, sandles round his feet, and a sort of cape
over his shoulders, with a slouching hat. He (Dr. Cum-
ming) said, " I believe I have the honour of
seeing the Reverend and Honourable Mr. Spencer ?"

" Father Ignatius, if you please," said the personage
addressed. (Laughter.) He (the Rev. Mr. Spencer) said
he had waited upon Dr. Hook, Lord John Russell,--who
bad devoted a quarter of an hour of his valuable time in
audience with him,—and the Bishop of London. He
(Dr. Cumming) said he was most happy to see him,
and the rev. gentleman sat down, and wished that a

prayer should be offered up for unity in the Church,
for this, he alleged, was the great thirst and want. of the
age. He (Father Ignatius) wished him to read a
printed paper which he placed in his hand; and his
(Dr. Cumming's) reply was, "My dear sir, I am adver-
tised to give a lecture in Exeter-hell, the subject of
which is, The Pope the Man of Sin.' Now, if
this be so—if you believe that the Pope is the man
of Christ, how can you and I agree on this ?" He (the
Rev. Mr. Spencer) said, if they prayed for perfect unity it
must be obtained—but, at the same time, let out the tact
that it could only be obtained by every one becoming
members of the Church of Rome. (Laughter and cheers.)
In the course of the conversation he (Dr. Cumming)
remarked that the intense devotedness of the Church
of Rome led him to think that it was something more than
human ; to which Father Ignatius replied, " If it be not
the Church of Heaven. it is the masterpiece of the devil."
Now, the great Protestant danger was, it, looked upon the
Church of Rome as a gross and vulgar imposture of
the nineteenth century, instead of esteeming it the gigan-
tic conspiracy of Satan. Let them despise the Roman
Catholic religion, and it would progress and gain strength ;
let them resist it, in the name of God, and, like its author,
the devil, it would flee from them. It was the master.
piece of Satan beyond all dispute.—The reverend lec-
turer stated, in the course of relating the anecdote given
above, that he had invited the reverend father to
meet and argue with him in Exeter-hall, and that the
invitation had been accepted, but that he (Father Igna-
tius) had said he would not listen to the lecture, or join in
religious exercise, as it was inconsistent to join with
those in worship whom they believed to be in heresy.
Fatherlgnatius came subsequently, and said, " I hope you
have not divulged my intended appearance at Exeter-
Hall. I breakfasted with his eminence the Archbishop of
Westminster, and he inhibited me from going." (Laughter
and cheers.) He (Dr. Cumming) replied " Why, surely,
you do not mean to put your judgment in his keeping ?"
Father Ignatius replied, " We never a3t as individuals—
we act in concert." Thus it was !observed Dr. Cumming)
that the whole Catholic system was carried out
on a plan to render it apparently supernatural. He (Dr.
Cumming) observed to the Rev. Mr. Spencer, "Of
course the cardinal gave some reason for inhibiting the
discussion ?" " Yes," replied the father, "he said he did
not think such discussions did any good to the Catholic faith;
and, secondly, his eminence has a great objection to Exeter
Hall." He (Dr. C.) proposed to appoint any other place for
the meeting, but the rev. father said, " His eminence has
inhibited me," and retired. (Laughter, and cheers.) He
(Dr. Cumming) did not think that the Roman Catholic
religion would be destroyed in this dispensation. He had no
hope of a reform in the Church of Rome : it stood not like
the Greek Church, which might be conformed to scripture.
The Church of Rowewas a gigantic corporation,—a priestly
organisation, sitting in the temple of God, showing itself
as God.; assuming the powers and prerogatives of Deity it.
self. Notwithstanding, however, that he regarded it in this
light, he still believed that God had a people in the Church
of Rome. Itwas with this knowledge that theyweredesirous
to call the heritage to partake not of their sins. * * * If
Romanism looked what it really was, men would hate it,
and flee from it; but, inasmuch as it did not appear what
it was, it gained ground and made way among mankind.
The Church of Rome aimed to secure the services of
science, and calculated that all the rest would follow.
It had seized and subordinated to itself all the fine arts
in their highest perfection and splendour. The Cistine
Chapel, and the dome of St. Peter's, were radient with
the magnificent cr. ations of a Raphael and Michael An-
gelo. The Flemish churches had in them all the master.
pieces of Rubens ; and many of the Spanish and
Portuguese churches, the chefs - d'oeuvres of
Murillo. Moreover, these painters had lavished
their splendid powers, not on Christianity, but on Ro-
manism. The gems of Raphael, for instance, were Ma-
donnas; Titian's master-piece was a virgin and child ;
and Guido's great work was the Madonna della Pieta.
Mozart and Haydn had lent their magnificent
music to the grand Romish masses ; and to many
minds this splendid outside was the evidence that all was
pure within, because all was beautiful without (cheers.)—
Another great pretence of the Romish Church was its
presumption to working miracles. He did not think it im-
possible that the Roman Catholic Church could do super-
natural works ; and for this there was Scripture warrant :
" There will come in these latter days such works as to
deceive the very elect." If Satan was able to impart
superhuman thoughts to man's mind, why not the
fallen archangel do these things to deceive men's per-
ceptions ? (The rev. lecturer then read extracts from Dr.
Newman, to show that he was a believer in, and promul
tor of, miracles.) Now, what the Protestants complained
was, not. ff.- - •tf--- but

.ne peculiarity o. performance,
the want of evidence upon which that performance
depended.—Another pretence of the Church of Rome was
her perfect unity ; and in this there was very great force
and truth. She pointed to the grt at central Cathedra! of

Protestant girl he is not I;ound to 'perform that promise if
he go into a convent," whether he turn black friar or
gray. And again, if a Catholic was invited to dine with a
friend, and-" if the dinner he had, you can !say it is try
good, saying within v(turs'elvea that it is for tuortiticatmn

sake." The Rev. lecturer then went on to give several in-
stances of a similar Jesuitical departure from, or evasion
of, truth and morality which is practised in the Roman
Church, and which are inculcated by her doctrines, and
then proceeded to give a graphic and somewhat !mush!"
description of the modus operatzdi obse-rved in the instal-
ment of popes and cardinals, after which he spoke
of it as a system which, although it was of anti-
christ, was one of great power, and which had in a
great degree enslaved the human mind. It was devised
to captivate the mind of the unwary, and it
had its pageant or attraction for the fancy of each of its
votaries. On the one hand were its oratories and its pro-
cessions, its cathedrais and its pomp and splendid ser-
vices—on the other were its missions and its fastings.
On the one hand was all the pomp of Cardinal Wiseman,
and on the other was its lowly poverty and mendicancy.
On the one hand was purple and fine linen, and on the
other they found Father Ignatius and the Passionists. One
was awed into obadieace, and another was charmed by the
views which the system opened for his ambition, whilst for
the ascetic it had its cells and cloisters. Its power was
immense. In Ireland it defied the law, and trampled
on the authority of the Sovereign, in order to obey the
Bull of the Pope. In England it evaded the law ;in
Scotland it merely crept along, and endeavoured to make
converts; in America it was republican, and in France
it was anything which would tend to support the
presidency. In all these places the system bends itself
to the circumstances of the condition in which it is
placed ; and in all this it will be seen that it is calcu-
lated to make great progress; and if he (Dr. C.) were
not a Christian and a Protestant by the grace of
God, he would be inclined to become a Romanist,
such was the complete organization of her anti-Christian
system. The rev. lecturer then concluded a lengthened
discourse, by exhorting the assembled multitude to hold
fast by the faith of their fathers, and not to be led astray
frOm the abiding spirit of Protestantism, which should be
in them. They had now arrived at the time when mere
nominal Protestantism would not be sufficient. They must
take a lesson from their forefathers, arid make an effort
for the recovery of the ground which they had lost. He
firmly believed that all this tribulation which had befallen
the church was attributable to the fact that they had tole-
rated the support of the College of Maynooth. He was
not a politician himself, but he had registered his vote
this year, and he would vot9 for no man who would not
remove this stain from their national character. At the
conclusion of his lecture, the Rev. Dr. Cumming was
loudly applauded.

EXHIBITION OF THE LIVERPOOL

AC.EIDEMY.—(Third Notice.)

No. 13, " A View of Dumbarton," by Mr, Coilingwood,
is father a mediocre production ; the subject is not at-
tractive or picturesque, and the colouring Wants softness.
No. 14, " Eve Tempted," a small picture by Mr. J.
G. Naish, is a very clever little piece. The drawing is
excellent, if we except the position of the right hand,
which throws an objectionable shade on the bust. The
unobtrusive manner in which the serpent is introduced is
admirable, and the whole tone of colouring is excellent.
No. 15, " Study of a Group of Ducks," by Mr. W.
Huggins. This appears to us rather a study of some old
picture of the same subject, than a study of nature ; and
if so, we would advise the artist to choose rather the style
of Landseer than Weenix : the modern school of animal
painters are certainly improving mach upon the old mas-
ters. notwithstanding their excellence.
No. 16. " Evening on the Coast near Scarborough,"
by Mr. W. P. George: another small picture possessing
considerable merit; the light is admirably managed, and
the subject well chosen.
No. 17, " Snowdon, from Capel Cu. ig," by Mr. J. W.
Carmichael : rather an indifferent picture.
No. 18, " The Fisherman's Daughter," by Mr. F. J.
Wyburd. This is a pleasing sketch, representing a cottage
scene on the coast. The fisherman's daughter at her spin-
ning-wheel is prettily done, but the appearance of deep
thoughtfulness upon her face is not explained ; had she
represented the fisherman's wife, we could have accounted
for it. Mr. Wyburd will do well to follow this style, for
which he evidently possesses both taste and talent.
No. 19, " The Last Light of Day," by Mr. A. Mon-
tague : a clever little study of atmospheric effects, repre-
senting the last rays of the sun sinking in the horizon,
and retreating before the spreading veil of night. The
picture is quite Martinesque, and is well managed.
No. 20. " A Peasant Girl," by Mr. W. Davis. A very
unfinished picture, but by no means devoid of talent ; in-
deed the face of the figure is a very pleasing effort of the
artist.

No. 21, "The Vale of Bedgellert. North Wales," by Mr.
A. Vickers. A beautiful bit of landscape, nicely managed ;
a warmer tone of colouring would, however, have been an
improvement.
No. 22, "Broadstairs, Kent; Low Water." By Mr. J.
Dugardin. Quite a choice morceau. This picture is
Turneresque in character, without exceeding the natural ;
the subject is tastefully chosen, and managed in a mas-
terly manner.
No. 23, " Minna Troil." By Mr. T. M. Joy. A large
portrait of the heroine of The Pirate. The painter has
not caught the conception of the writer. Minna Troil of
the picture is evidently a nice, quiet daughter of Scotia,
on a summer's visit to a fashionable watering-place : she
is not the high-souled islander of Sir Walter Scott. The
picture has much merit as a painting, but does not convey
the idea intended.
No. 24, " A Daughter of Erin." By Mr. Chas. Dukes.
A very clever little picture, representing one of those
pretty Hibernian faces which so frequently appear in the
lower ranks. The colouring of the face will not bear very
close inspection; it is rather too coarse.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. I No. 25, " The Young Sailor." A small cabinet picture
Sts,—Lord Palmerston's modest address to a few of his by Mr. J. Zeitter, representing a juvenile boating match
Liberal constituents at Tiverton, proves his lordship's ob. in a small pool near a fisherman's cottage. The children
ject to have been to give them a " blinder" in the shape of are watching their tiny flotilla, and the fond mother is
an apology for the numerous ministerial blunders and bad watching the children in the distance. On the beach the
measures of the Whigs. i men are launching a boat for the real business of life.
"It is the study (says Lord Palmerston) of her Majesty's The whole picture is very cleverly managed.
ministers to secure and continue for themselves the approba- No. 26, " A Scene from Comas." By Sir C. L. East-
tion of our Sovereign and the confidence of the people : we be- lake. This picture was painted for a panel in one cf the
here that the best mode of securing such ends is by pursuing alcoves of the Royal Gardens at Buckingham Palace.
steadily, temperately, and systematically, the course of pro- The master's hand is evident, but_antic affectation which is we cannot help thinking
gress•ve improvement. Hitherto I trust we have conducted ;t another instance of that pedantic
the noble state vessel in safety through that portion of its '
course which has been submitted to our control ; we have car- becoming the besetting sin of our leading artists.
ried it through, with its timbers sound, its tackle in good order, I No. 27, " A Fresh Day in Staffordshire," by Mr. Chas.
ite crew healthy and contented." Barbour, and No. 28, " Bolton Abbey," by Mr. W. P.
The approbation which the present ministers may have George, possess but little merit.
secured from her Majesty, could only be derived from the No. 29, " Bidston Mill," by Mr. B. B. Wadham, is a
ignorance in which her Majesty has been kept as to the real nice little sketch of an unpicturesque subject.
state of the country, such as is generally depicted in the ' No. 31, " Bright Summer's Noon," by Mr. H. J. Bod-
ministerial Times. They may possess the confidence of a dington. One of the best pictures in the collection. It is
portion of the manufacturing population and of the ex- a finely poetical picture, and most powerfully depicts that
treme Liberals and mob, but certainly not of the people of peculiarly glowing state of the atmosphere incidental to
England, who are beginning to find out, at their cost, that summer noontide.
Lord Palmerston's system of " progressive improvement"
means progressive revolution and expatriation of the best Z O O L 0 G I C A L GARDENS
snbjects, with the ultimate ascendancy of a domineering
mob over an educated, loyal, and peaceful people—the true
secret of Whiggery of the present day being to pander to
the mob, and (under its shelter) to threaten revolution if
fustrated in carrying out those anti-national measures
which, in order to maintain office, they are forced to do.
" The state vessel" is as yet '• sound," thanks be, not to
the Whigs, but to the people, who were never more loyal
or peaceably inclined, but who will sink together with the
ship if left under the guidance of steersmen so deluded,
short-sighted, and false. " Our domestic difficulties,"
his lordship says, have passed away • apparently they
have disappeared before concessions unlawfully granted at
the risk of the stability of the Throne ; but Lord Palmer-
ston's " prophetic eye" cannot discern the vast volcano of
Socialism fostered instead of checked by Whig policy at
home and abroad, ready to burst forth from one end of
Europe to the other, when Protestant England may have
been sufficiently humiliated by their policy to offer little
or no resistance to foreign aggression. If the "order"
which Lord Palmerston speaks of at the Exhibition is at-
tributable to Whig concessions, it is dearly bought, and
will be of short duration. Is it. may we ask, owing to
Romanist concessions—to the deprivation of the Navigation
Laws—to the Post Office Sabbath Desecration Act ?—to
thepersecution of Protestants at home, and indemnification
of rebels abroad ?—or to Free Trade, which is ridding the
United Kingdom annually of as many thousands of the
most loyal subjects, as it is clearing the country of tens
of thousands of pounds sterling ? No, thin order is the
offspring of true English loyalty and patriotism, which has
been held so dear by her people as to restrain them in pa- I
tience under the tyranny of Whig misrule; the offspring
of England's Bible, which is the " secret of the little
stick' in the hands of the policemen" (spoken of by Lord
Palmerston); this it is that sways our multitudes,
and renders them contented, where the sword would
engender strife. His lordship also echoes the cry of
Protection being impossible, but, as usual, gives no
further reason than a hint that the mob won't have
it. What argument is this but that of the " big
bully at school," who accompanies his injustice with
a threat or a blow ? Is this to be England's future
system of legislation ? is this to be the logic that is to
guide her statesmen ? Is she to be ruled by men who, in
order to keep office, are at the bidding of the mob which
her army is called forth to check and control ? if the
Whigs would really maintain order, let them leave off
fulsome speeches which end in smoke, and have recourse
to action-Ist, by prosecuting the usurping bishops; and
2d, by relieving the distress of her Majesty's faithful agri-
cultural classes. Alas !we fear the burden is too great;
the former duty would deprive them of the support of the
Papists and Infidels, the latter of the Free-traders and
Chartists.—Your obedient servant, W. H. PETERS
Harefield House, Exeter, October, 1851

The Rev. W. PoLLocK, in a short speech, proposed
a vote of thanks to the rev. gentleman for his excellent
lecture in behalf of the Church of England Institute,
which was carried by acclamation.

Thanks were then.' a;ardedt;the rev. chairman, after
which the meeting closed with the usual devotional ser-

CORRESPONDENCE.

LORD PALMERSTON AT TIVERTON

DEFINITION OF PITRGATORY BY A MODERN ITALIAN
PRIEST.—" Purgatory is the fire that makes our pot
boil."

NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC.

NOTION OF A JUDGE'S DUTY.—A writer in the Daily
Wisconsin says When I first came to Wisconsin I
chanced to meet an enemy of Judge Hubbell ; and being
a stranger, and no doubt a little inquisitive, I asked him
what were the grounds of his dislike to the judge. ' Why,'
said he, ' I helped to elect him, and the very first suit I
had in court he refused to charge the jury in my favour.'
This reply astounded me. It was a clincher,' sure
enough, and suggested a long train of recollections on the
policy and expediency of an elective judiciary."
PLEASURES OF A RESIDENCE IN AN AMERICAN HOTEL.
—While staying at this hotel I asked the landlady to allow
one of her domestics to clean my boots ; she answered, in
the most civil manner, that the gentleman who generally
fixed there was not at present in the house, but added,
" I guess that you'll find the fixings in the cupboards,
and no one will hinder you from doing it yourself."
There was not anything like rudeness in her manner; in-
deed, she was invariably attentive. I merely mention this
as a trait of the national equality preserved in this free and
independent soil ; and it is needless to add, that, without
scruple, I at once followed the injunctions she gave me.—
Conyngharne's Western Republic.
THE FLA GELLANTES—A SINGULAR SECT.—The" Fla-
gellantes," or self-whippers, were a sect of great notoriety
in the middle ages; but my readers may be surprised to
learn that the system is still pursued in Rome, and that
there are, even in this nineteenth century, persons who
imagine they can atone for their sins by the laceration of
their bodies, while the great head of the Roman Catholic
Church provides them with ample accommodation for the
purpose. Being resolved to satisfy my curiosity on this
singular subject, by being present at the ceremony,•l went
one evening, along with several friends, to the Church of
the Caravita, where it is performed on the Tuesdays and
Thursdays of Lent. The service commenced about an
hour after sunset. The Church is spacious, and the num-
ber of men present was, as nearly as we could judge, about
five hundred. There were only six or eight small candles,
so that from the first we could only see indistinctly.
During prayers, two or three attendants entered, each
having an iron hoop, on which were suspended about a
hundred leather thongs which were distributed among the
congregation ; but some had brought their own whips
along with them. We examined the thongs, and found
them exactly like good small English dog-whips, hard and
well-knotted towards the point, but we did not succeed in
obtaining one. After prayers we had a sermon of some
length, on the advantages of punishing the body for the
good of the soul, and especially that sort of penance which
is inflicted by means of whips. During the sermon the
lights were extinguished one after another, and the con-
cluding part of it was delivered in total darkness. After
the sermon was concluded a hell rang, and there was a
slight bustle and hustling, as if those present were re-
moving part of their dress ; a second bell rang, and the
flagellation commenced. It lasted fully a quarter of an
hour; hundreds were certainly flogging something; but
whether their own bare backs, or the pavement of the
church, we could not tell. To judge from the sounds,
some used the whips, and others their hands; but the
darkness was so total we could see nothing ; and besides,
having some little fear for our own persons, we had got
into a snug corner where we thought no thongs could
reach us. The groaning and crying were horrible, hut the
scene was altogether so perfectly ludicrous that there was
much difficulty to repress an inclination to laugh. When
the flagellation ceased prayers were read, during which
the penitents put on their clothes and composed their cot!n-
tt:naips. Lights were brought in, and the congregation
dismissed with the usual benediction.—Facts from Rome.
CURIOSITY.— Looking over other people's affairs and
overlooking our own.