The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-08-12 00:00:00

e green sward cover'd o'er;
at land which gave her birth,
;he should see no more—

She took, to plant it in that place,
W-iere her steps should cease
A hallow'd spot, a memory dear
Of what had been her home

to roam

Perchance for many years to bloom
Beyond the Atlantic wave;
to make an early tomb,

Percfianc

Anti wither on her grave,

—Dublin University Maaazine

LITERATURE AND THE FINE ARTS

THE METROPOLIS.—I walk through the spacicus
streets and squares of London. I see the residences of
your wealthy men : the exterior is not pleasing; but if I
enter, I find in each what deserves to be called a domestic

palace. In these palatial residences, many a merchant is
living amongst luxuries whieh no Roman emperor could

have commanded. I lose my way amidst the dark, noi-
some, narrow streets and interminable courts and alleys of
this same London. Each house—each sty—swarms with
life. And oh, heaven ! what life it is ! They are heaped
like vermin. They prey upon each other. Haw they
suffer ! how they hate ! Full of corroding anxieties,
they endure a wretchedness and torture which no Roman
emperor could have inflicted upon his slaves.— Voltaire
in the Crystal Palace (Blackwood's Magazine).
NORFOLK ISLAND.—Last night, shortly after the moon
bad risen, we observed land on our weather bow, which
we knew to be Norfolk Island, an island rendered terrible
to evil-doers from its being a penal settlement, escape
from which is next to impossible. Many a hapless wretch,
doomed as the penalty for his crimes to work the re-
mainder of his days in irons, cut off from the society of
all save abandoned outcasts like himself, has doubtless
felt in its full force, as he approaches this prison, the
words of that terrific inscription,—" He who enters here,
leaves hope behind ;" and of a verity, I never saw a spot
better calculated to create such an impression. It ap-
peared as if it were a desolate mural rock, its summit
crowned with miniature hills, partially covered with a low,
verdant scrub, a belt of rigid fir trees running along the
topmost ridges.—Rorings in the Pacific.
THE KING OF DAHOMEY.—It appears that the sole
business of the Kirg of Dahomey is to go to war. He
goes to war regularly every year, beginning in the month
of November or December, when, descending upon some
neighbouring town or state, he carries the victory by fire,
slaughter, or treachery, within the walls. His life is a
terror upon the earth to the surrounding countries, and
such is the mystery o

quest in N,

his own soldiers are kept in ignorance of the place against
which they are marching until the clay before they arrive

at it. The whole population of the kingdom (foes not
exceed two hundred thousand, of which only one tenth

are free; . are slaves. The king keeps a regular
standing army of twelve thousand troops, of which five
thousand are Amazons. When he goes to war, he
marches with nearly fifty thousand of both sexes, about
-one-fourth of the whole population. From these items,
a tolerably accurate view may be obtained of the heroic
occupations of the king and the people of Dahomey.—
Dahomey and the Bahamans.
AN ENGLISH PYRAMID.—Apropos of burying, he was
involved soon after in the examination of a new design
for stowing away the increasing multitude of our dead.
It was the model of a pyramid, to be erected of the same
size as the greatest of the Egyptian pyramids, but to be
erected after a very different fashion. For whereas the
ancient pyramid was an encasement of stone enclosing the
coffin of one man, in the modern pyramid every stone
might be said to contain its dead. The area would be
first covered with vaults built close to one another, on
these a second area of similar vaults would be constructed,
en these a third rising gradually to an apex. The project
had something in it to please a reflective mind. How the
two structures would contrast—the despot's pyramid and
the democratic pyramid ! What admirable types they
would form of the two forms of society. the memory of

which they would severally perpetuate ! In the one a
people of slaves build an enormous mausoleum for one
man, who is, as it were, a representative for the whole ;
in the other, a nation of freemen construct an eternal
monument for themselves, simply by each man lying
down in his place as he is called.—Voltaire in the Crystal
Palace (Blackwood's May.)

THE GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE.—The Gulf of St.
Lawrence directly faces the mouth of the British Channel.
Rounding the island-shores of Newfoundland, which rise
like a shield between the inner waters and the open
ocean, you enter the estuary of this noble river, and at
Cape Rosier find it a hundred miles across. At Cape
Chat it is still forty miles from shore to shore, and from
thence it keeps slowly narrowing its channel, till, at the
Narrows, forty miles below Quebec, its width is but
thirteen miles. The scenery along the shores of this
estuary is considered to be unequalled in America, and,
probably, in the world. A prospect of fifty to one bun.
dred miles frequently opens—exhibiting mountains and
valleys, bold headlands and luxuriant forests, pretty vil-
lages and settlements, fertile or rocky islands with the
neat white cottages of the pilots and fishermen ; tributary
rivers, some of them rolling over precipices, and one, the
mighty Saguenay, bursting through an apparently perpen-
dicular chasm of the northern mountains ; and on the
surface of the St. Lawrence, majestic ships, either under
sail or at anchor, with pilot-boats and river craft in
active motion. In winter, however, this beautiful appear-
ance vanishes. The river and gulf are clicked up with
broken fields of ice, exhibiting the most varied and fan-
tastic appearances ; snow covers the "ountry on either
shore; and a dark, stormy night in the estuary at that
season presents the most terrific, wild, and formidable
dangers.—Dublin University Magazine.

CALIFORNIA AND ITS Mismins.—The number of
" hells" is frightful, and each one is provided with a bar
for the sale of wines, spirits, and intoxicating cordials,
and bands of music are in attendance to excite the pas-
sions and drown the conscience. Some of the gamblers
pay as high as 1000 and 2000 dollars a month for their
stands; and one wooden building, of no great extent,
(this is in San Francisco) lets at the enormous rental of
120,000 dollars per annum. This is no exaggeration ;
neither is there any when I say, that day and night the
gambling houses are thronged, and at nights almost to
suffocation. As for walking in or out of any of these
establishments, the feat is utterly out of the question ;
you have to sidle or squeeze your way through the crowd
as you best may ; and, astonishing as the fact may seem,
it is nevertheless true, that, notwithstanding all the stimu-
lants provocative of excitement, disturbances rarely
ensue. * * * I have conversed with those

who have paid an ounce of gold for an ounce of Eps:On;
salts ; and poor wretches, received under miserable shel-
ters called hospitals, have been compelled to pay 100 dol-
lars per week for their accommodation. Two or three I
fell in with, who had wrought hard, and suffered many
privations, in the acquirement of 3000 or 4000 dollars'
worth of gold, were glad to escape from the fangs of the
disciple of Galen with the loss of two-thirds of their peril-
ously-earned treasure.—Kelly's Excursion to California.

GREENHOUSES KNOWN TO THE ANCIENTS.—AIthough
some sheet glass has been found in the ruins of Pompeii,
11/41. Humbolt has been of opinion that the ancients did
not know what we call green or hot houses. M. Dureau
de la Malle, of the French Institute. has, however, suc-
ceeded in clearing up this point in dispute to perfect satis.
faction. The name of "gardens of Adonis," mentioned
by ancient authors, ought to have pointed long ago at
something uncommon, hidden under this appellation.
Plato, mentioning them in hisPhcedrus, says, that "a groin
of seed or the branch of a tree, placed or introduced in
these gardens, acquires in eight days a development which
cannot be obtained in as many months in the open air."
According to an inscription discovered at Rome, Domi-
tianus possessed in his palace on the Palatine a hot-house,
where exotic plants were cultivated. Columella also, the
bead of Roman rural and agricultural authors, says:—
" Rome possesses, within the precincts of her walls, fra-
grant trees, trees of precious perfumes, such as grow in
the open air of India and Arabia. These gardens are em-
bellished with the myrtle and the crocus in flower : there
you see the palm-tree of India and the cinnamon-tree
covered with leaves, as well as the tree of frankincense.
Italy, this fertile land, yields willingly to the wants of her
cultivators, and has learnt to contain the fruits of the
whole universe." In another passagael.Cefurnella mentions
portable (moveable) glass houses. It was for Tiberius,
that cucumbers were to be grownfere foto anno which was
done in frames filled with warm dung, which were mounted
on wheels for bringing them close to some wall, shone
upon
by the sun. 3f. D. de la Malle cites another passage of Mar
tialis, containing the reproach of a person to his friend,
for having lodged him worse than his fruit trees. " which
children of Cilicia, for excluding them from winter and
cold winds, are protected by glass in sheet from the blasts
of Borcas, which do not admit but air and sun." Seneca
goes still further, saying :—" Do those not live contrary
to nature who require a rose in winter, and who, by the
excitement of hot water and an appropriate modification of
heat, force from the equinox of winter the lily-bloom of
spring ?" This passage, in fine, is conclusive for proving,
thet the Romans used steam as one of the heating agents
for dune Adonis gardens, which, considering their many
warm-bath establishments, must have been an expedient
obtruding itself on their attention.— The Builder.

H.ORTICULTURE.

---.-_40.-__-

At the last Chiswick exhibition the experiment-was
tried of exhibiting florists' flowers in pots, but witherat the
success it, in our opinion, deserved. A storm of abuse
and ridicule has been poured upon it from all-quarters by
the florists, who are evidently highly displeased with the
innovation. 'The question naturally arises with the pub-
lic.—what can be the meaning of this ? Florists were
always grumbling that they were excluded from these
truly national exhibitions ; an arrangement is made for
their admission, which has increased rather than allayed
the dissatisfaction. The grievance appears to be the exhi-
bition of the:flowers in a growing state, and not cut and
arranged in stands as usual at other exhibitions. if any
further proof were wanting, we think this would convince
any unprejudiced person of the bad principles upofl which
floral exhibitions are too generally carried on, and the

necessity for a thorough reform in the rules and regula-
tions of these societies. It is too apparent that the pevail-
ing teeing on the part of the exhibitors is the acquisition of
money prizes, and the credit, no matter how earned, of
gaining the greatest number of prizes. Now we contend
that the first consideration in the mind of every exhibitor
ought to be the-advancement of the art of cultivation, and
not, as is too .generally the case, raising the greatest num-
ber of specimens in hopes of the prize-money. Exhi-
bitors will understand our meanint,, We have known very

many instances in which a large number of specimens
have been culled from a garden without any previous spe-
cial cultivation, and sent to the flower show, in the expec-
tation that some at least will meet with no companion,
and consequently take the prizes offered in the schedule.
It is true that many societies make a rule with a view of
preventing this, but it is too rarely acted upon- To
return to the subject, florists' flowers—it is notorious
that an immense amount of ingenuity of a very reprehen-
sible character is expended in dressing them for the exhi-
bition tables, and this cannot easily be practised in grow-
ing plants : carnations and picotees are not so easily manu-
factured on the growing stem, nor can the cupped petals
of a growing pansy be flattened under a penny piece—but
the habits and character of the plant, and the neatness
and cleanliness of its culture, can be seen when the grow-
ing plant is exhibited, and quite as fair an estimate of the
value of its flowers may be formed. It is true that very
few of the so-called florists' dowers are remarkable for the
beauty of their foliage or habit, and still less are they
improved by the methods of staking thought to be neces-
sary for their exhibition. Yet all,this is far less objection-
able than the dishonest tampering with the flowers, the

rows of water bottles and the white painted stands which
often ()frer a contrast injurious to the harmony of colour so
desirable for the proper display of the flowers. These and
many other fallacies are on the wane, and must make room
for more enlightened views and more solid advantages.

ARIETIES

To-Molt ROW

—The day on which idle men work and fools

reform

An epitaph on a negro baby at Savannah, commences " Sweet
blighted lily !"

TE.tus.Weep for love, but never for anger; a cold rain
will never bring flowers.
There are men who
of their dead hearts.
Anecdotes are often spoiled by being too long; stories, as
well as boys, often outgrow their strength.
Henry Clay, the distinguished American stateca
" Any wife is better than no wife."
There is in every human countenance either a history or a
prophecy, which must sadden, or at least soften, every reflect-
ing observer.—Coleridge.
To RELIEVE A NERVOUS HEADACHE.—Twenty drops of
aromatic spirits of ammonia, ten drops of spirits of camphor ;
to be taken in a wineglass of water.
It was a pertinent and forcible saying of the Emperor Napo-
leon, that a "handsome woman pleases the eye, but a good
woman pleases the heart. The one is a jewel, and the other
treasure."
GENTEEL PEOPLE.—The young lady who lets her mother do
the ironing for fear of spoiling her hands; the miss who wears

,se bodies arebut the ornau

rated sepulchre

nan,says--

thin shoes on a rainy day ; the young gentleman who is
ashamed to be seen walking with his father.

" I see in the papers," said Airs. Partington, looking over
her specs at Sammy, "that the judge says the Fugitive Slave

".;tight the Slave Pill wk as flesh and blood, like other people."
MEnr.f.vAL MILLER.—" Many, Sweet Joan," sayd a

the vayle?" "Oodtente, in good soothe," answerede shee,
"an thou will give me therewith a nevve bonnet." _

loved wife Bridget all my property without reserve. and to my
oldest son, Patrick, one half of the remainder, and to Dennis,
my youngest son, the rest. If anything is left, it may go to
Terence 11I'Carthy, in sweet Ireland."

LEGAL RECREATION.—It is affirmed, on the best authority,
that it was an amusement of the early life of Lord Eldon to
turn pieces of poetry into the form of legal instruments, and
that he actually converted the ballad of "Chevy Chase" into
the shape and style of a bill in chancery.
Lord Talbot, says Horace Walpole, speaking of the Champion
at the coronation of King George the Third, " piqued himself
on backing his horse down the hall, and not turning its tail
toward the king; but he had taken such pains to dress it to
that duty, that it entered backwards."
LOVE..—The editor of an American paper makes the fol-
lowing very sweeping assertion :—" What ! a man, and never
in love! Pshavv ! such a man must have a heart of ice, a soul
as lifeless as a corn-cob, the gizzard of a goose, and a head as
sappy as a cocoa-nut."
A quaint writer of the last century observes, that when the.
cannons of princes began war, the authority of the canons of
the church was destroyed. "it was," said he, " first nzitrum
that governed the world, and then nitrunt—first Saint Peter,
and then Salt Petre."

" You ought to marry." " Never." " I know a good girl
for you." " Let me alone !" " But, perhaps you don't know

" The more dangerous." "Of good family." "Then she is
proud." " She is tender hearted." " Then she is jealous."
She has talents." "To kill me." "And one hundred thou-
sand pounds." "I'll take her."
A FRICHITFUL MisTAKE."—Drunkenness is not allowed,
nor is there, except in Whydah, much opportunity for it. As a
public example, the king kept a drunkard, and fed him on
rum, and exhibited him at the customs, that his emaciated and
disgusting appearance might shame his people from making
bests of themselves ; this terrible example is dead.—Dahomey
and the Dahonzans.

"This 'ere hanimal, my little dears," observed the keeper of
a menagerie to a school, "is a leopard. His complexion is
yaller, and agreeably diwersified with black spots! It vos a
vulgar herror of the hancients, that the critter vos hincanable
of changin' his spots, vicl► vos disproved in modern times by
obserwin' that he very frequently slept in one spot and next
night changed to another !"

BEAUTY.—Socrates called beauty a short-lived tyranny ;
Plato, a privilege of nature; Theophrastus, a silent cheat; Theo-
critus, a delightful prejudice; Careades, a solitary kingdom ;
Domitian said that nothing was more grateful ; Aristotle af-
firmed that beauty was better than all the letters of recommen-
dation in the world; Homer, that it was a glorious gift of na-
ture; and Ovid, alluding to him, calls it a favor bestowed by
the gods.
QUAKER COURTSHIP.—" Martha, does thee love me?" asked
a Quaker youth of one at whose shrine his heart's fondest
feelings had been offered up. " Why, Seth," answered she,
"we are commended to love one another, are we not ?" " !
Martha, but (lost thou regard me with that feeling the world
calls love ?" " I hardly know what to tell thee, Seth ; I have
tried to bestow my love on all; but I may have sometimes
thought, perhaps, that thee was getting more than thy share."

AN ALLEGORY.—A humming-bird met a butterfly, and,
being pleased with the beauty of its person and the glory of its

wings, mude an offer of perpetual frie'ndship. " I cannot think
of it," was the reply, "as you once spurned me, and called me
sr crawling dolt." " Impossible!" exclaimed the humming.
bird ; "1 always entertained the highest respect for such beau-
tiful creatures as you." " Perhaps you do now," said the
other, " but when you insulted me I was a catterpillar. So let
me give you a piece of advice. Never insult the humble, as
they may some day become your superiors."

WHY LITERARY MEN DO NOT MARRY LITERARY WIVES.—
I know not why it is, but your very clever man never seems to
care so much as your less gifted mortals for cleverness in his
helpmate. Your scholars, and poets, and Ministers of State,
are more often found assorted with exceedingly humdrum
good sort of women, and apparently like them all the better
for their deficiencies. Just see how happy Racine lived with
his wife, and what an angel he thought her, ai.d yet she had
never read his plays. Certainly Goethe never troubled his lady,
who called him "Mr. Privy Councillor," with whims about
" menads," and speculations on " colour," nor those stiff
metaphysical problems on which one breaks one's shins in the
second part of the " Faust." Probably it may be that these
great geniuses—knowing that, as compared to themselves,
there is little difference between your clever women and your
humdrum women—merge at once all minor distinctions, re-
linquish all attempts, that could not but prove unsatisfactory,
at sympathy in hard intellectual pursuits, and are quite satis-
fied to establish that tie which, after all, best resists wear and
tear ever—the tough household bond between one human
heart and another.—Sir Edward linlwer Lytton.

DETERMINED SUICIDE.—On Saturday week Captain
Frank Cundy, a gentleman who occupied a villa in the
neighbourhood of Bedminster, Lear Bristol, destroyed
himself' by blowing out his brains with a pistol. During
the last five or six months it was evident to his friends
that he was in bad health, his nervous system being
palpably and severely affected. On Saturday morning he
rose soon after seven o'clock, at which time, Mrs. Cundy
having left the room, the captain remained alone, but no
apprehension was felt until near 8 o'clock, when a ser-
vant, who happened to be employed in a room underneath,
heard a noise above as of some substance falling heavily
on the floor. On entering the chamber the unfortunate
gentleman was found lying under the bedstead quite
dead. He had shot himself through the mouth, and had
shattered the right side of the skull in a frightful manner.
The deceased was between 50 and 60 years of age, and
his death must have been instantaneous.

OUTRAGEOUS HOAX.—A few weeks ago we had to com-
plain of the abominable conduct of some donkeys walking
in the form of man, in sending to this journal a spurious
advertisement. From attacks upon the press these miser-
able creatures have now proceeded to intrude upon the
privacy of individuals, and to subject them and a number
of respectable tradesmen in this town to considerable loss
and annoyance. On Thursday evening last, numerous
tradespeople called at Dr. Hall's with different articles,
saying they had received a note ordering them to send the
articles to Surrey-street immediately. The answer was
that the doctor was from home, and they were requested
by the servant to call again. About eight o'clock, how-
ever, a cab proprietor called to ask about the " funeral !"
and then the abominable hoax was discovered. We have
been favoured with a sight of the numerous notes, now in
the hands of the chief constable. In some of them a hearse
and mourning coach are ordered ; in others two mourning
coaches and a hearse. Mr. Charles Thompson not only
kept his own horses in, to his great loss, but even went to
borrow others ; and Mr. Pearson, who had been ordered
to call at half-past eleven o'clock, with a phaeton and a
pair of horses, to convey Dr. Hall to Norton, drove up to
his residence in Surrey-street ; and numerous other trades-
people have been put to loss and inconvenience by bring-
ing different articles. Fortunately the hearse and mourn-
ing coach, as ordered by this heartless monster, were pre-
vented coming. Mr. Sharpe, however, did call as directed
in one of the notes, " to measure the servant who was
dead, for a con." a
clue is obtained,
ffi
which,But lwieeretrwusiltl, en
will
ltehaedi r t tor i
their phd.iass.
covery.—Shellield Timer.

ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE.

THE ROMISH DOCTRINE OF INTENT2ON.

THIRD LETTER FROM REV. S. MINTON TO DR. NEW3IApI

(CONCLUDED FROM OUR LAST.)
Nor is the accusation less strange, as coming from a mem-
ber of that apostate Church, which " the spirit ". of prophecy
has " expressly" branded with the-mark of "speaking lies in
hypocrisy" (i. Tim. iv. 2), and of maintaining its power by
" signs and lying wonders, with all deceivableness of unright-
eousness" (ii. Thess. ii. 9)! A Church which, -in addition to
fire and faggot, the rack and the pulley, is compelled to resort
for her subsistence to Ecstaticas and Adoloratas, to the lique-
fying of St. Januarius's blood at Naples, the exhibition of the
holy coat at Treves, winking Madonnas at 'Rimini, assump-
tions of absolute power too ludicrous to mention over the body
as well as the soul in Ireland, and bits-of the true cross almost

everywhere! A Church, which compels all her priests, on pain
of mortal sin, to read daily certain portions of a book called
the Breviary, the contemptible childishness of• whose legends
can only be equalled by Jack the Giant-killer or Dame Wig-
gins of Lea, whilst its impudent attempt to palm them upon
us as true, attaches a criminality to it from which our nursery
tale-books are exempt! A Church, which is perpetually guilty
of the most blasphemous and transparent lie•ever perpetuated
under heaven, even that of holding up before, men's eyes a
piece of bread, and saying, Behold the Lamb of God ! A
Church, which fills its coffers by that cruel "•fiction," that
" covetous sin and unworthy manoeuvre," that crying " scan-
dal," that complicated " instance of tyranny and barbarity
and fraud," whereby men are not only cheated during their
life-time by drafts upon a fabulous hank in another world,
under the name of Purgatorial Indulgences, but their widows
and orphans afterwards robbed of their last penny,and dunned
from year to year, to build an imaginary bridge for them out
of their pretended prison-house, in the shape,of Purgatorial
Masses! A Church, too, which has lately canonised a man,
and pronounced his writings not to conta►n " one word deser-
ving of censure," and ordered her priests to:-pray every year
on the 2nd of August that they may be " traineVoy his saving
admonitions, and strengthened by the pattern of his life,"—
whose writings have reduced the" non-n-itural sense" to such
a perfect science, that a tolerable adept in it may easily pro-
duce the most extraordinary imitation of "wholesale, retail,
systematic, and unscrupulous lying," without deviating a
hair's breadth from the strictest truth ;—of which whosoever
!•doubteth may at once assure himself from the saint's own
.words, by referring to a book lately published by Mr. Blakeney
.of Nottingham, entitled "Extracts front the Moral Theology
rot' St. Alphonsus Liguori"
lf, then, Sir, there be cases, as possibly there -may, in which
-Protestants, as well as Ttomanists, have fallen into the sin of
telling lies " for ecclesiastical ntilit, •

there is this essential
difierence between them,—that the one acts contrary to the
principles inculcated by his Church, while the other acts just
as he has been " trained by her saving admonitions, and
strevythened by the pattern of her" notorious practic s. On
the principle, therefore, which you so justly. lay down in-your
very last lecture,—that a Church must be judged by its own
comLuct, and not by that of individuals who may batmen to

belong fo challenge you either to fasten upon the Church
of England, or to wipe off from the Church of Rome, the guilt
of " wholesale, retail, systematic, and unscrupulous lying:"
But you say that " true testimony is unequal to the Protes-
tant view" of Popery. Let us see.
You cite our horror of nunneries in connection with
" Maria Monk" and convent " cellars." Now, Sir, whether
those underground apartments you speak of, in the new con-
vent at Birmingham, be to " immure nuns" or to hold
" empty blacking-bottles"; whether " Maria Monk" (which I
never saw, and kow nothing about but what you tell mc) be
true or false, is not of the slightest importance to the general
question at issue. For the extreme Protestant view" is
abundantly justified by Roman Catholic " testimony" alone.
Just to begin with, Sir, get Mr. Drummond's published speech;
verify his numerous quotations from Roman Catholic writers.
who have given their testimony uron this subject; and then
have the goodneas to let us know whether they are "true"
quotations or not. If they are, you must at least admit, that
our " view" is not peculiar to " Protestants."

Again, von cite.our " view " of the tendency of enforced
celibacy, with special reference to " the Spanish clergy" ; and
you say that Blanco White's " testimony " is " unequal " to
support this view, inssmuch as, though he " suspected" much
evil, he did not "know" of much. Your admission of his
suspecting it, entirely deprives you of the plea that lie must
have " known" it, had it existed : and therefore his testimony,
so tar as it goes in their favour, is only equal to that of a wit-
ness who swears that he did not see the prisoner commit the
crime. If you wish for some positive " testimony" unon the
subject, and Roman Catholic testimony too, refer to the Nar-
rative of the Inquisition, by Hippolyto Joseph Da Costa Pereira
Hurtado de Mendoza, vol. i. pp. 117-119.
Another " Prot,-•

rotestant view" is, that Romanists " torture
heretics." Is true testimony unequal to sustain this view?
Why, the question is almost enough to make a stoic smile!

ISM our " view" goes farther. We have an idea running in
our heads, that their Church teaches them the Christian duty
of doing so. Now, Sir, it is highly important to ascert

'tether the testimony on which this view rests is true or false;
and therefore you would he doing an essential service to the
cause of truth, if you would take the trouble to verify the fol-
lowing extract from the Canon Law, whirl] amongst others is
constancy brought forward, and let us know whether it is a
true extract or not :

" If, therefore, good men and public authorities. waging,
war, be in no wise transgressots of the commandment ` Thou
shalt not kill,' although they occasion many deaths ; if the
soldier, obedient to his commander, be not guilty of homicide,
though he slay men with his own hand ; if the punishment of
assassins or poisoners he not a guilty blood-shedding, but a
just administration of the law; if the peace of the Church be a
source of consolation under the distress occasioned by the
death of heretics; if those who, inflamed with zeal for mother
Church, put excommunicated persons to death, are not to be
considered homicides; it is evident that it is lawful not only to
flazellate but to slay the bad."—Decrele 11. pars. Causa
XXIII, Qucestio cogendi sent ad bonnet.

Might ralso take the liberty of asking whether there is any
reason to doubt the truth of the following testimony, given by
that " great, good, and fearless friar," Alphonso di Castro :
•• In Flanders and other parts of Lower Germany, when I was
there ten years ago, I saw heretics punished by decapitation.
in Guelders, however, heretics, tied by the hands and feet by
order of Charles Duke of Guelders, were cast alive into a river,
there to he swallowed up by the stream. I heard also at Bruges,
in Flanders, from many eye-witnesses worthy of credit. that it

was the custom in that city to cast heretics alive into boiling
oil, thst they might thus be the more speedily destroyed."—
Cap. tli, p. 128. You surely will not say, with the Lamp,
that " the Catholics of these days have nothing to do with the
Catholics of those days'': when Mr. Marshall tells us the great
glory of Popery is its "changing nothing, retracting nothing,
conceding nothing"! Yet you assign as a reason for Protes-
tantism flourishing snore in England than anywhere else, that
" fact and argument had had fair play in other countries—
[nine, name!]—they had not had fair play in England" I ! ! !
Pray do give us a little " testimony" to support this " view";
for from the general testimony hitherto, we should certainly
be led to conc'ude, that the man who could deliberately inform
a British audience that fact and argument had more fair play
in Rome, Florence, Austria, Sardinia, Bavaria, Naples, Spain,
or Portugal, than they have in England, must either have
" cut the ninth commandment out of the decalogue," or else
be the dupe of " wholesale, retail, systematic, and unscrupu•
bons lying."
Many other illustrations might be given of the weakness of
your main position ; but it is needless to multiply them, until
you have refuted these, which I hope you will set yourself in
good earnest to do. Before you begin, however, let me advise
you to ascertain very t ositively, whether your Church has any
existence at all; or whether she has not blown herself to atoms
with her own theory of Intention. For it would be a useless
waste of tim.• en&avouring to repel calumnies from a Church
which is, after ill, but an " insubstantial pageant,"

"An airy nothing, and a dream"!
I remain, Rev. Sir, your obedient servant.
Liverpool, July 30th. SAMUEL MINTON
_

P.S.—You will have observed an inaccuracy, though not at
all affecting the argument, in my reference to the Bishop of
?di nori's opinion. It should have been "in the History of the
Council of Trent." The passage is given by Father Paul.

GREAT CONTROVERSIAL DISCUSSION IN
LIVERPOOL.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

Sin,--1 beg to enclose you a cory of a challenge given by
Rev. Thos. Atkinson, prebendary of Doon, to Rev. J. O'Dwyer,
R.O C., of the same place, respecting the persecution of the
poor converts there, and also a letter which I have received,
announcing th ?. fact that the challenge has been accepted.
The letter was not intended by the writer for publicaticn,
but es its contents may be interesting, and as we Protestants
always wish to act above board, and bring everything to the
test of light and truth, I feel no hesitation in publishing it.—
Yours, &c., WILLIAM H. DUCK.

19, West Derby-street, Aug. 8, 1851

Peon Glebe, Ilallasgreen, Aug. 5, 1851.
Ntv DEAR FRIEND,—I have much pleasure in info-ming you
that Mr. O'Dwyer has accepted the challenge of Messrs. Atkin-
son and Darby, to meet them in public discussion in Liverpool.
He has called upon Mr. A. to name time and place of meeting.
Liverpool is, therefore, soon to he the scene of a controversy
which will rather astonish Englishmen.
The priest has not a chance of escaping overwhelming dis-
grace if there should be an orderly meeting. His policy will of
course be to procure parties to disturb the meeting. and so
crush discussion, whilst his acceptance of the challenge will
save him from the charge of cowardice or consciousness of a
bad cause.

We must rely on our friends in Liverpool using all possible
exertions to obtain a respcclahle and well conducted audience,
and as large as the place shall be able to hold. Our friends, the
clergy of Liverpool, must now perceive that the cause of God
and Protestantism is deeply interested, and that Dorm must
be the subject of their prayers and exertions. If it fail the
cause of truth will suffer. May I earnestly request you to con-
sider the whole matter, wisely and prayerfully, in consultation
with your brethren.

We are ministers of one church, our hearts are animated by
one glorious hope, and we are engaged in conflict with the same
enemy—the enemy of light and liberty.
We are here contending with a persecution more bitter than
ever it was. Every day we have to struggle aw inst it. At this
moment our poor people cannot procure a drop of milk in the
village of Cappamore ; several families have been turned out
of their houses ; some of them have been assailed ; and one of
them lately was nearly murdered at mid-day, within a few
yor,is of the house in which I was lecturing.
Pray for us and for our poor converts ! Pray for our tried
and persecuted flocks, for Christ's sake !—Yours, faithfully in
the Lord, WILLIAM FITZPATRICK.

The following is the challenge mentioned above :
_ Doon Glebc, July 281.1), 1851

REV. attended a public meeting in Live?pool on
the 14th March last, at which we made certain statements con-
cerning the conversion of large numbers of Roman Catholics in
the district of Doon, the persecutions the converts had suffered,
and the instigation of those persecutions by the Roman Catholic
priests of the district, and by you in particular. These state-
ments Wive been impugned, through thepublic press, in letters
signed J. O'Dwyer, &c." We hereby challenge you to meet
us in public discussion on these points, :in Liverpool, before the
same audience who heard our statements, and show cause why
you should not be convicted at the bar of public opinion of hav-
ing borne false witness against the work of reformation in the
district of Doon.—We are, your obedient servants,
Tnos. ATKINSON, Prebendary of Doon.
W. A. DARBY, Curate of Tuogh.
To Rev. J. O'Dwyer, R.C.C., Doon.

Messrs. Brassey and Jackson have arrived in Turin,
and have sent in plans for two railways, one from Turin
to Novarra, and the other from Turin to Suza. It is be.
licved that the works on these lines will soon be com.
menced.

GAS —Both the Leeds Gas Companies have announced
another reduction in the price of gas, which is to be retro-
spective as far as the commencement of the current half
year, and which follows the previous reduction at the short
interval of only six months. The price is now 4s. per
thousand cubic feet, with the usual discounts. People
need not talk at present of making gas in Leeds from
water, for the former is cheaper than the latter.—Leeds
hatelliyencer.