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proretigngs in Varliament.

I
future negociations. The noble lord then proceeded to defend
himself from the charge of having abandoned the conduct of
public Affairs when these affairs had got into di'ff'iculty, re-
minding the house that during the famine in Ireland, that
(luting the subsequent revolutionary mania pervading Europe,
and that subsequently when threatened by revolution at home,
be had not quitted his post, and why should he be frightened
now by the aspect of affairs when the only difficulty they had
to-contend with was the amount of money in the Exchequer?
The noble lord next referred to all that had been done to fur-
ther the progress of free trade, a policy which he was resolved
to support. But he was also still of opinion that the papal ag-
gression was an attack upon the independence of England; but
if the bill should be proceeded with, he-would be prepared to
examine and go over its provisions to see if the objections were
I well founded, and to alter any which might interfere-with the
discipline of the Roman Catholic Church. With respect to the
extension of the suffrage, several consultations took place last
autumn, and he prepared a bill; but looting at the circum-
stances of this year and the probable duration of the parlia-
ment, they came to the conclusion that it would not be well to
bring forward such a measure in the present session. For his
own part, be was satisfied upon the whole with the Reform
Bill, but if others could be included, they would place the at-
tachment to the constitution upon a wider basis and so far add
to its security. He did not think, however, that a House of
Commons representing merely numbers could act in harmony
with the Monarch, or an hereditary Ho-use of Peers, and an
. ..

•••••
HOUSE OF LORDS.--TUESDAY.

MARRIAGE AFFINITY BILL.
The Earl of ST. GERMAINS, pursuant to notice, moved the
second reading of this bill. The noble earl observed that mar-
riage with the sister of a deceased wife was not forbidden by
the Mosaic law; and even if it were, the Levitical decrees were
not binding upon Christiar s, and therefore their lordships were
tree to legislate upon the.subject. A contract of this kind was
not unlawful, considered in a moral point of view, and he
thou it was impolitic to it so by act of parliament:—
TheArchesArchbishop of BURYCANTERBURY Opposed the bill, and argued
that the same reasons which rendered it unlawful for a man to
marry his brother's wife were applicable to the case under
consideration.—The Bishop of EXETER, in a speech of great
length, opposed the bill, as being in direct contradiction to the
law of God.—The Bishop of ST. Davins, whilst confessing that
be did not think that the marriages in question were forbidden
by the Levitical commandment, considered that they were con-
trary to ecclesiastical law, and dangerous to morality.—The
motion was also opposed upon similar grounds by Lords
Campbell and Brougham, and the Bishops of Norwich, Lon-
-don, and Ossory, and was supported by Viscount Gage.—The
Earl of ST. GERMAINS briefly replied, after which their lord-
ships divided. Contents, 16; non-contents, 50: majority, 34.
The following is the division :--Non•contents : Archbishop of
Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor, Archbishop of York; Mar-
quises—Winchester, Breadalbane, Exeter; Earls—Erne, En-
niskillen, Granville, Hardwicke, Harewood, Moantcashel,
Nelson, Powis, Romney, Selkirk, Somers, \Valdegrave, Win-
chil.ea ; Viscounts—Hereford, Strangford ; Bishops—London,
Winchester, Ripon, Lincoln, Salisbury, Exeter, Rochester,
Chicheste.• Oxford, Norwich, Hereford, St. David's, Peter-
borough, Ossory, Cork ; Barons—Bayning, Brayhrooke, Bla-
ney, Campbell, Cranworth, Crewe, Colchester, Dufferin, Dun-
zany, De Tabley, Fevershatn, Poltimore, Redesdale, Sondes.
—Contents.: Earls— Bessborough, Cowper, Essex, Grey,
Lanesborough, St. Germains ; Marquis—Clanricarde;
count—Gage; Barons—Auckland, Beaumont, Camoys, Over-
stone, Say and Sele, Wharncliffe, Wodehouse, Wrottesley.—
Pairs.—Non-contents : Ihyke of Richmond, Earl Talbot,
Viscount Beresford, Lord Tenterden, Viscount Hawarden,
Lord \Villoughby D'Ereshy. Marquis Salisbury, Earl De la
Warr, Earl of Beauchamp, Lord Kenyon, Earl Denbigh, Duke
of Cambridge, Lord Stanley, Lord Monteagle, Earl Kinnoull,
Lord Brougham.—Contents.: Earl Fitzhaidin,,e Marquis of

Established Church. During his political life be had had the
advantage of associating with someof the greatest men of their
day, with Earl Grey, Lord Althorp, Romilly, Sir James Mack-
intosh, &c., and said the example of such men should be his
guide through the remainder of his career.—Mr. DISRAELI
said, he had seen Lord Stanley before be entered the house on
Monday, and the noble lord authorised him, should it be stated
that he was not prepared to form an administration, to inti-
mate that such a statement was erroneous. He was 'sorry if
his statement was uncourteous, for he certainly never intended
that it should be so. He was not going to state what had since
occurred, because he believed Lord Stanley was doing so in
another place. and after his statement, tie was sure the noble
lord would stand higher with the country than he did before.—

Sir J. GRAHAM, being called upon by the house, rose, and
said that on Saturday evening he had been sent for by her Ma-
jesty, who was desirous that all personal considerations should
be sunk, and that he should unite with the Earl of Aberdeen
and Lord John Russell in endeavouring to get over the diffi-
culties which prevented the formation of an administration.
The three great points of the history of this country for the

Normanbi, Earl Gosford, Earl Gleogall, Earl of Harrowby,
Lord Vivian, Lord Elpliinstone, Earl of Suffolk, Lord Suffield.
Earl of Sheffield, Lord Langdale, Viscount Torrington, Lord
llnnfrfnrt_ F'nrl Gipnelir. Lord Stanley of Alderley, Viscount

last 30 years which must be noticed try the historian, were the
establishment of civil and religious liberty by the repeal of
the Test and Corporation Acts, and by the Catholic Relief
,

y.2-Their lordshicp"s then adjourned till Fridaj,

Bill ; and the carrying out of the principle of free trade_ With
respect to all these he had the happiness of agreeing with the
noble lord, and in attempting to 7e- construct a government no
difficulty could occur with respect to free trade and the exten-
sion of the suffrage. But he could not agree with the noble
lord that it was at all necessary to legislate upon the subject of
Papal aggression—a legislation which must prove a dead letter,
but which in Ireland would be viewed as persecution, and

HOUSE OF LORDS.--FRIDAY.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE, after having referred to the
circumstances under which he had moved the adjournment of
the house on Monday last, said that on the evening of that day
his noble friend (Lord J. Russell) had failed in his attempt to
re-construct a government. The noble earl opposite (the Eari

of Aberdeen) 117,ving also had a similar task connuea to nun,
bad similarly failed. Lord Stanley Lad afterwards been en-
trusted with a similar mission ; but that noble lord had yes-
terday announced to her Majesty that he too had been unable
to succeed - Under these circumstap-

. The difficulty, therefiare. was insuper-
able; for the noble lord, who was willing to modify the bill,
was yet resolved not to give it up; while the Earl of Aberdeen
and himself were resolved not to assent to any legislation on
the subject. As, however, the people of England had been
roused and excited upon the subject, it almost became neces-
sary to do something, and yet nothing was so dangerous as to
call for something to be done without knowing what that some-
thing ought to be. Still be felt that some legislation the people
would have, and he could not advise her Majesty to select a Ca-

/ertaking

ber Majesty had determined on taking- further time to consuter
what course she should pursue in so navel a conjuncture, and
the fact was that she was at that moment in consultation
upon the subject with an illustrious member of that house, (the
Duke of Weltington,) whom she had before consulted on ques-
irymnrtant national character. That was the

510115 01 WU
present state of the transaction, and the only consolation he
had was, that all the difficulties which had arisen had been
caused by honest differences of opinion among public men, and
not by predilections or prejudices of a mere personal or party
nature. (Hear, hear.)—The Earl of ABERDEEN then rose, and
after having stated that he and his hon. friend (Sir Jas.
Graham) had been consultel by Lord John Russell for the pur-
pose of reconstructing an administration, said they had found
themselves unable to agree to the basis of a government laid
down by that noble lord. lie need only then state that the
great point of their disagreement was the new Ecclesiastical
Titles Bill. They felt that they could not possibly give their
support to a measure which, while it would necessarily be of a
- - Id be wholly ineffectual for the
ect. He believed that it would
nst tl

binet opposed to all legislation, l's, ae could not goon
with such a Cabinet without a dissolution of parliament.—

Mr. HUMS was of opinion that they must give way upon this
question rather than involve Ireland in a state of agitation.
The people of England would be astonished to find that this
Papal aggression was the cause of the difficulty of forming a
government. They imagined it was the budget, or the exten-
sion of the franchise, and not such a cause as that of re-estab-
lishing penal laws.—Sir R. I NGLI s hoped the discussion would
he allowed to close, but he felt it necessary to warn the house
that the people of England would not be satisfied unless some-
thing was done to put an end to Papal aggression.—Mr. JOHN
O'CONNELL attributed the agitation on this subject to the
selfish fears of the clergy of the Established Church.—Mr. B.
()six. RN E said the Papal Aggression Bill could not be carried
into effect in Ireland, and he was glad to find by the explana-
tion of Sir James Graham that they had at least one man in
the country capable of governing with honour, humanity, and
satisfaction.—Mr. NEWDEGATE regretted exceedingly the

persecuting character,
attainment of its proposes
be idle to attempt to legislate ag, scruy
of any body of men; but, while lie entertained that opinion,h
was as sensible as any man of the arrogant tone assumed by

the head of the Roman Catholic Church, and by the new
dinal whom he had sent to this country. The measure w
kindle th rot
and would t

lout the country the flame of relig
s be attended with fatal effects,

speech of Sir James Graham, and said he would rather follow,
even Lord John Russell, than the right lion, baronet, though
on other matters than the Papal aggression he differed more
from the noble lord than the right hon. baronet. He hoped

f whkh he

for one, wasnot willing to take upon himself the responsiuu►ty.—
Lord STANLEY then rose and said, that in the interview
with which he had been favoured by her Ilaiesty, for the pur-
pose of ascertaining whether or not he could form a new admi-
nistration, he had in the first place been informed that the
grounds on which the late government had relinquished office
were the grounds which had already been stated by the noble
marquis opposite, namely, the two divisions which had taken
rilnee last week in the other house. But he should frankly

that that bill would be persevered in.—After some obseiva-
tions from Mr. Spooner and Mr. Wyid, Mr. P. Howard and
Colonel Sibthorp, Mr. WAKLEY warned Lord John Russell
that he never could win back the confidence of the people of
England unless he pursued a very different course from that
which he had hitherto done. After some further conversation,
the second reading of the bill was postponed, and the house
adjourned.

confess that, for his part, he did not believe that that was the
only, nor indeed the principal, cause of the resolution which
they had taken. He could not help thinking that the difficul-
ties arising out of the question of the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill
hail been the main cause of their resignation of office. He
believed that those difficulties had been further aggravated by
--nsition which had been raised against their finan-
should candidly state that he strongly
division on the motion for an alteration of
d come most opportunely for the purpose of
.out other embarrassments, which they felt
. But whatever might have been the
e:ermination of the government of Lord J.

- _
FOREIGN AND COLONIAL.

WEST INDIES,

By the arrival of the Medway on Tuesday night, we
learn that much excitement has been created in Kingston
by the trial of Robert John Macpherson, a justice of the
peace, and member of Assembly for the parish of St. An-
drew, for the alleged forgery of certain island notes which
had found their way into circulation. After two hours'
full deliberation the jury were unable to come to a ver-
dict, en I were discharged. Honduras papers bring scd
news from Yucatan. The Spaniards, fighting among
themselves, become an easy prey to the Indians, and the
probability is that ere long the garrison will be extermi-
nated. A severe shock of an earthquake was felt in Chili
on the 6th of December. Nothing equal to it had been
experienced for fifteen years. It lasted 60 seconds. Many
dwelling-houses were much injured, and the front of the
Government Palace badly cracked. The volcano Portillo
broke out into eruption on the day previous to this earth-
, quake. This volcano has been perfectly quiet since 1845.

RUSE
the Reform B
extricating th
to be insurmountable
real cause of 11

Euisell t
called ur

. _
office, he (Lord Stanley) felt that when he was
rm a new administration, his duty would be

ly for 0-
ral body which had been ad

hat distress :arnong the
irnitted in her Majesty's

Throne. He believed that that was a
which he could not shrink without a compromise of

Speech from t
duty fro•

honour. Having arrived at that conviction. he had next to
look at the state of parties in the House of Commons.
Among the opponents Le should expect to have to contend
with in attempting to carry out that policy, he found that there

- .
were two leading parties. There were at present in the Bri.
tish parliament the members of the government of Lord J

r hnmediate followerW; there

were next the

members of the late Protectionist ya-rty, which, whatever

.. ,
might he its ability and its influence in the country, contained , Letters from Malta announce the arrival of the yacht
few or no persons conversant with the business of office; and
thirdly there was that party which had followed the late Sir It. wninia, with the Earl of Ellesmere and family, en route
Peel, and which, though not strong in numbers, reckoned from a cruise off the coast of Italy to England.
among its members some of the most able and experienced Accounts from Switzerland state that Mazzini has taken
public men in this country. Now he had certainly been up his residence at Lausanne, and is zealously engaged in
anxious to obtain the support of some members of that circulating liberal documents throughout Italy.
latter party for the purpose of strengthening any admi-
The University of Berlin has recently established a
nistration which he might form. But he had stated to her
class of stenography, to which Dr. Michaelis, a reporter
Majesty, that even if he were to fail in that co-operation
he should still attempt to construct a government if the inte- of the second chamber, has been appointed professor.
rests of the Crown and of the country should require of him Viscount Frederic de Gardenville, who was formerly
to make the effort. That was what had passed on the first one of the mousquetaires of the household of Louis XV.
occasion on which he had been honoured with the confidence of France, is stated to have lately died in Germany, near
of her Majesty. On the occasion of his more recent interview Hamburg, at the age of 113 years.
on Tuesday last he had been reminded by her Majesty of the
pledge be had so given ; and he had accordingly been engaged The Turkish Sultan is said to have lately granted. as a
since that day until yesterday in attempting to redeem it. Now special honour to the officers of his guards and of some
he felt that one of his great difficulties would be the fitting ad- other corps, the right of wearing their moustaches at the
ministration of foreign affairs. Under these circumstances full length, in the same manner as thejanissaries formerly
he had applied to the noble earl who had filled the office of wore them
foreign secretary under the government of Sir R. Peel, but the --:
The anniversary of the last French revolution was cele-
Viscount Canning lie had met with a similar refusal. He had, brated in Paris. Some of the Red Republicans had a
however, succeeded in obtaining the assurance of the co-ope- dinner. General Cavaignac and his friends attended
ration of another individual, whose services he believed would church ; the Government closed the public offices ; and a
Nye been found of great public value. On the next day (Wed- few crowns were deposited at the Bastile. It was altoge-
nesday) Mr. Gladstone had arrived in London, but the right .
ther a poor affair.
hon: gentleman had refitted for various reasons to join an ad-
ministration of which be was to be the chief. He had thus The Rev. John J. M`Bridge was recently indicted, in
been thrown back almost exclusively upon his own immediate North Carolina, for presenting a little slave girl with a
party ; but he bad there met with great difficulties, in conse- copy of the Ten Commandments. He was found guilty,
(pence of having received from three or four members of that and his sentence was, "to stand one hour in the stocks,
party expressions of their inability or unwillingness to accept receive thirty lashes on the bare back, and be imprisoned
the offices which he had been anxious to assign to them. The
result was, that after having maturely considered with some of one year in the common rant,"
those gentlemen with whom he was connected the nature of PRINTING BY WATEB.-Powcit.—the printing press of
their position, they had come to the determination that they a daily paper in Boston, United States, is driven in a
could not form an administration which would efficienity con- manner of which there is no example in any other city in
.i ct the 1?115!ilesa of the country in the face of a powerful the Republic. Through a two-inch lead pipe, a stream
ority ready at any moment to CO-operate for their defeat
of Chochituate water is introduced into the meter, which
and overthrow. And neither did they think that under the
present circumstances it would be advisable that they should only occupies 24 square inches. The fall of water be-
-have recourse to a dissolution of parliament. He was parti. tween the Boston reservoir and this meter is about 100 ft.
cularly anxious to allude to that circumstance, because a ru- This two-inch stream will discharge 80 gallons of water
mour had been extensively circulated to the effect that her each minute, and in passing through the meter will give
Majesty had refused to empower him to have recourse to a dis- a motive power equal to what is called three-horse power.
solution. Now, there was not, he should observe, the slightest
ground for such a rumour. Her Majesty had not fettered him This is more than sufficient for driving the press. It is
by any conditions upon that subject, and he felt assured that less hazardous than a steam-engine, requires no attend-
her Majesty would leave a complete discretion upon the point ante, and is always in readiness.
to any minister whom she might honour with her confidence. THE CHOLERA IN THE WEST INDlES.—lntelligence
But the result of their deliberations had been that at half-past has been received of the safe arrival in the West Indies of
four o'clock the previous day he had felt it his duty to an-
nounce to her Majesty that he was compelled to relinquish the the medical gentlemen who have been sent out by the
task of forming an administration ; and that was the position Colonial-office to afford what assistance circumstances
in which the matter continued, as far as he was concerned. admit of against the pestilence which'has devastated seve-
Before be sat down he should briefly express his views on the ral of the islands. A private letter from one of them
leading points which at present agitated the country. In the gives the following account of the sanitary condition of
first place, lie should say that, in his opinion, the income tax s.a
rrs rbadoes .—" It is quite frightful to contemplate the
ought not to be permitted to be imposed as a permanent tax.
It had originally been proposed for a term of only three years ; sacrifice of life that must almost inevitably ensue in the
and, he believed, that if, after the ninth year of its continuance, event of cholera coming among these islands—no water—
parliament were to renew it without any security for its modi- no removal of refuse—no removal of ordure—few privies,
lication or abolition, they would virtually declare that it was fewer lined with mason work—pigsties—small wooden
to be perpetual. He certainly felt anxious that any surplus in huts raised a few inches or a foot from the ground, the
the exchequer should be devoted to its reduction or abolition ;
fire- lace a few stones raised outside the cabin, the size of
and he had intended to propose that one-third or one-half of it the Cabin . .
should at once be taken away. Then there was the great ques- the cabin small, itself frequently divided into two rooms.,
tion of an import duty on foreign articles of consumption. each occupied by a different family—surface draining
Now, be believed that there existed the best and most conclu- most inefficient—scarcely any sewerage, and that a horrid
sive reasons for imposing a moderate duty on those commo- nuisance—the cabin too close and overcrowded—no lime-
dities. The result would be that a considerable amount of re- washing—thegraveyards intramural, overcrowded. Whis-
venue would be raised from the foreigner; and, without unduly
ken's-gardens, in Bethnal-green, with the exception of a
raising prices in this country, relief would be afforded to that .
interest mg us which it was universally admitted was at dry soil and a hot climate, give a good example of the
.ced in circumstances of great difficulty and danger. cabins of the poorer classes, with the exception that there
r hesitation in saying that the repeal of the Corn- they can get water by digging—here they must buy it, or
'pressed prices in this country more than the get it with great difficulty."
authors of the change had ever contemplated. The noble lord CONDITION OF THE PAPAL STATES.—The superfices of
then proceeded to allude to the question of Papal aggression,
and condemned the measure as calculated to irritate the Ca. the Pontifical States is 41,162 kilogrammes, comprising
tholes of Ireland without satisfying the Protestants of Eng- some of the most fertile lands in one of the finest climates
land, whi'e it would produce no really useful result. For his under one of the sunniest skies in Europe. Yet such is
own part he had no wish to fetter the religious liberty of any the exhausting and destructive influence of the Papal
body of men, while he should, at the same time, be most sway that the . population in 1843 only amounted to
anxious to suppress an imperium in imperio, and to prevent the 2,898,115 inhabitants, exclusive of 10,000 Jews. Rome—
interference of any hierarchy with the temporal affairs of the
once the mistress of the world—the capital of the Pope's
kingdom. He believed that they at present possessed very im-
perfect information with respect to the nature of the relations territory, with a mild and delightful climate, and the most
which prevailed between the Roman Catholics of this country, wonderful treasures of art and vertu, only contained in
their bishops, and the Pope; and he should, therefore, suggest 1847, to speak in round numbers, 175,000 inhabitants—
that before legislating on the subject, they. should institute an barely one-half the population of Dublin. Supposing
inquiry into its various details. In his opinion it would he far the Pontifical States to have been possessed in fee by the
better that they should delay their legislation upon the
matter,
even for a year or two, rather than legislate rashly and in- Emperor of Russia, by the Grand Turk, or even by so
effectively.—After a short conversation, their lordships ad-
cannot be the least doubt that the population would have
journed.
been three or four times what it is under a government
HOUSE OF COMMONS.—FRIDAY. of friars and priests. Under an enlightened government
On the motion for reading a second time the Ecclesiastical whether constitutional or despotical, we hesitate not to
Titles Bill, Lord J. RUSSELL said that before renewing the . sa that the States of the Church are capable of affording
postponement of the order of the day, he must reply to the
contradiction given on a previous evening to his statement of subsistence,. and maintaining in perfect comfort, at least
what up to that period had occurred. That contradiction wall five times the present population. But under the blasting
given by Mr. Disraeli in very positive terms, and certainly not dominion of the Papacy, men and animals—the noblest
in a manner the most courteous. (Cheers.) It was his 'duty of God's creatures and the beasts of the field—alike
to represent the general result of what had taken place, and he
did accordingly say that Lord Stanley had informed her Ma- wither, droop, decay, and perish off the face of the earth.
BOUQUET TRADE IN NEW YORK.—The following ex-
jesty that he was not then prerared to form an administration.
The facts were these :—His Royal Highness Prince Albert had tract of a letter from a young acquaintance at New York
in the afternoon sent him a letter, signifying that Lord Stanley may be interesting to some of our readers :—" New
had intimated his inability to form a Government, and that the
Queen had sent for Sir James Graham and the Earl of Aber York, Jan. 20, 1851. Last week I made up a bouquet
deep, and was desirous of also seeing him (Lord John Russell). for the World's Fair. It was put into a metallic safe,
This fully justified what he had stated—(cheers)—but lie would the lid screwed down, and the air extracted. I fear it
now relate what really did occur, which was communicated to
him by Lord Stanley, which he read to the house, and left it to before.will not answer,
but the patentee says he has proved it
I had to see it deposited, and then made affida-
bon. members to say, whether his statement was not fully vit that I made it, and saw it placed in the safe, then,
borne out. (Cheers.) He had now to state that lie had been
speci-
desired by her Majesty to reconstruct an administration, and, and there—so you will have a chance of seeing a
in consequence, be had communications with the Earl of Aber. men of. our five dollar bouquets. It has fine white
deep and Sir James Graham. lie could assure the house that in '
Camellias it ;of course it will be shown amongst the
the difficulties of reconstructing an administration did not New York State division of the American department.
spring from personal considerations. The fact was that neither On New Year's morning we sent out above 200 dollars'
orderedus
the Earl of Aberdeen nor Sir James Graham soul(' agree to go worth of flowers, army-red in bouquets, baskets, and
on with the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill. Upon this he cohld not "s„. six
of
principally
give way altogether, and he again proceeded to herllajestytowbeyreyoaut
nwgogrkenatllelmneignh,t.as Tnheewsewere
year's
inform her of his ill-success. He could not proceed to give
any narrative of what had occurred subsequent to his reaigna. presents for their lady acquaintances, upon whom the y
tion of his commission, call on that day. ission, further than to say, what the house It is laughable to see the driving, and
already knew, that Lord Stanley was again sent for; but on running about, from house to house ; there being full
last evening he once more resigned the commission with %chi h liberty to take and introduce any of their friends on tint
he had been entrusted. lie was that morning sent for, and her occason, and it is generally taken full advantage of by
tempt to form an administration until she should have taken
selves, and boast of the
The aches, on their part, pride them-
the advice of the Duke of Wellington. He had, therefore, tonumber of their visitors. This is
ask th'e house once more to pause, iu order to give time for done by all ranks in New York."

present p
He had n
laws had