The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-07-01 00:00:00

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

CORRESPONDENCE.
THE ROMAN CATHOLIC DOCTRINE OF

INTENTION.

CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE REV. S
MINTON AND FATHER NOBLE.

The Rev. S. Minton presents his compliments to the
Editor of the Standard, and will be obliged by his in-
serting the following correspondence. " The letters"
referred to by Mr. Noble, appeared more than four months
since 1 But it is well that the Priests are arousing them-
selves even now, to wipe off " a calumny" from their
church.

21, Daulby-street, June 22nd.
REV. have been informed that you expressed
your determination yesterday from the pulpit, to meet me
in discussion on the doctrine of Intention. As lam about
leaving home, I should feel obliged if you would let me
know whether this is correct, that I may make arrange-
ments accordingly. I am, Rev. Sir, your obedient
servant, SAML. MINTON.
To the Rev. John Noble, &c., &c., &c.

10, Queen Anne-street, Liverpool, June 27, 1851.
REV. beg to acknowledge the receipt of your
note, which I should have answered earlier had I not been
absent from home.

I now beg to say, that you were misinformed as to my
having mentioned•a wish to meet you in discussion. I
did not. But this I did : I publicly announced that I
would give a reply to a gross calumny on the doctrine of
Intention, which calumny is attributed to you. This I
will do on next Sunday, the 29th of June.— I am, Rev.
Sir, yours, &c., JOHN NOBLE.
To the Rev. S. Minton.

P.S.—lf you attend this lecture, you may receive in.
struction on the doctrine of Intention.

21, Daulby-street, Juni 286

Ray. Stn,—Will you be kind enough to inform me
whether your reply will be morning or evening, or both—
and where. I fear it may be too late for you to change
the day i but the tact of its being on Sunday precludes me
from accepting your kind invitation to attend in person,
which otherwise I should gladly have availed myself of.
If you should still feel obliged to take up the subject to-
morrow, I must trust to the report of others: though, on
account of absence from home, it. will necessarily be two
or three weeks before I can give another lecture upon
Intention. •

As you speak of some calumny on the doctrine of Inten-
tion being attributed to me allow me to assure you, that
it must be falsely so attributed, inasmuch as on every
occasion, whether in writing or by word of mouth. I have
always been careful to give the very words of the Council
of Trent and of your own Missal. If you can point out
any inaccuracy in these quotations, (which you will see on
the enclosed handbill,) I shall be most anxious to correct
the mistake, and will certainly do so in my next reply to
your lecture.—l beg to remain, your obedient servant,
your
MINTON.
To the Rev. John Noble.

10, Queen Anne-street, Liverpool,
28th June, ISM.
REV. SIR,-1 beg to acknowledge the receipt of your
note. My lecture will be delivered on to-morrow
evening at seven o'clock. I cannot possibly change the
day, as I have already bad it placarded. I simply meant
to say, that I believe the letters addrssed to the Mail,
&c., on the doctrine of Intention, were written by you,
as they bear your name.—l am, rev. sir, yonm, &c.. &c.,
J. NOBLE.
Rev. S. Minton.

The following is a copy of the handbill enclosed to the
Rev. J.

THE DOCTRINE OF INTENTION

"If any one shall say that the iNTENTION of doing at least
what the Church does is NOT required in Ministers, when they
make and confer the Sacraments, let him he accursed."—llth
Canon of 7th .'ession of the Council of Trent.

"Should any Priest icOT INTEND to -consecrate, but to act
deceitfully, he does not consecrate, because INTN.NTION is re-
quired."—Roman Missal on Defects of the Moss.
"If any one (that is, any Priest) has before him eleven
wafers, and INTENDS to consecrate Only ten, not determining
which ten he intends, in this rase -he does not consecrate (any
of them), because the INTENTION is required "—Boman Mis-
sal-on Defects of the Mass.
" do celebrating Priest can know evidently whether be be a
Priest; for he cannot .know -evidently whether he have been
PTISEDORO RD Al N LAWFUL LY.,'—'Ga briel Biet, iN his
Epitome of the Canon of the Mass.
No man can be-eerian, with the certainty of faith, that he
' .Sacrament.; since a Sacrament is not made
" of the Minister; and no one can sea

wit hmit

arm ;ne on

'listiticatioz

"ROMAN CATHOL}CSOF LIVERPOOL,'CA N YOU BE F U It Pit I SE D
AT TILE CONTINUED -SILENCE OF 'YOUR 'PRIESTS UPON THE
DOCTRINE OE INTENTION

OUR TOWN DUES

TO THE EDITORS OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD

GENTLEMEN,—It has often surprised me that so poor
an article of our Mediterranean produce as valonia should
be subjected to such a heavy Town ,Due (when contrasted
with other articles from that quarter) as Is. Bd. per ton.
Any person looking through our book of rates will at
once see to what -I refer. There are madder roots, for
instance, nn article -three times as valuable, pays only
dock Is., town 6d., (three bales equalling a ton); brim.
.stone, shumac, boxwood, and bark, all the same; these
comprise the bulk of our importations from that quarter,
and yet valonia, Which can but ill afford it, instead of being
charged in a like ratio, viz., one-half of the dock must,
forsooth, be rated two-thirds more ! I really think that
some reduction ought to be made in this altogether by far
too heavy charge, and only wonder that our Mediterranean
merchants have not long ago risen in a body and resisted
it. If you can in any way explain why it is so high, you
will confer a great favour on, gentlemen,

Yours very respectfully,
JUSTITIA

SOUTII LANCASHIRE PROTECTIONIST

DEMONSTRATION.

On Thursday, a meeting of the gentry, tenant farmers,
and others in the Ormskirk district of South Lancashire,
was held in the Town-hall, Ormskirk, for the purpose of
expressing the sense of the electors upon the necessity of
protection being afforded to British industry. Although
market day, we were informed that in the then state of
the weather, the hay harvest being in active progress,
scarcely a farmer would have been seen in the town, but
for the meeting having been called. As the hour for
holding it, however (four o'clock), arrived, the streets pre-
sented oin unusually lively scene, being thronged with the
most respectable neighbouring gentry and farmers.
Amongst those present we observed,—T. Brandreth,
Esq., Ormskirk ; R. Boyer, Esq., Lathom House •, E.
Sutton, Esq. ; Mr. Norris, Skelmersdale Hall ; Mr. Hol-
croft, Burscough ; J. Palmer. Esq., Burscough ; R. Parr,
E.q., Island House; Halewood, Esq.. Aughton ; Mr.
Chadwick, Aughton ; James Pye, Esq., Halsall Hall ;
Rev. R. Battersby, Lathom; Rev. W. Wanop, Burs-
cough; R. Whalley, Esq., Lydiate; R. Mawdsley, Esq.,
Clent House, Maghull ; R. Sumner, Esq., Beech-tree
House, Formby ; Captain Armstrong, Burseough ; Wil
llama, E.q., Aughton ; A. B. Goss, Esq., Ormskirk ; W.
Shawe, Esq., Lathom ; James Shawe, Esq., Scari-lbrick ;
Mr. John Ormester ; Mr. Albert Westhead ; Mr. Mercer,
SCarisbrick ; L. Wright, E.g., Ormskirk ; T. B. Foster,
Esq., Bickerstaffe ; Mr. Holcroft, Lathom ; Mr. Charles
Rimmer, Lydiate House ; T. F. Moore, Esq., La Mancha ;
and Mr. Ferremord 'Wainwright, Lathcm.
On the motion of Captain ARMSTRONG, the chkir was
taken by E. Smithies, Esq., of Bickerstaffe Hall, who,
atter a few preliminary remarks, introduced to the
meeting

Mr. DuNears, who commenced by saying that the next
election would give to the two great political parties of
the country—the .Protectionists and Free Traders—an
opportunity to substantiate their views and opinions in
the legislature of the country. -All wise men took time
by the forelock ; and although, perhaps, some 12 months
might elapse before a general election would take place,
yet it was prudent,in the Protectionist party to anticipate
that event, and endeavour to fortify public opinion in
defence of native industry, before they were actually in
presence of the enemy. They must endeavour, in the
first place, .to understand what was rational Free Trade,
and *bat was rational Protection. He was there to fight
the battle of the working classes. The tenant farmers
had a vote, and the landlords in the House of Lords were
' dominant, and bad the power of protecting their own
interests ; but the unrepresented working classes had not
that power. The Free T. ade of the Manchester school
was utter ruin to the working classes : cheapness was
destruction to the working man, to the labourer, and to
the most defenceless part of the community. On the
other hand, in advocating Protection, he would not be
supposed to be upholding any monopoly or vindicating
the exclusive interest of-any class legislation. The
Chinese government, who were not favoured by being
. under the enlightenment of political economists, merely
put a duty of five per cent. upon British goods imported
into their country ; but we, who professed to be politically
enlightened, placed a duty of 300 per cent.' upon
their tea: and this was upheld by Lord John Russell, the
originator and exponent of free trade policy. It was quite
clear that any incportation of the article of tea could not
displace any branch of British industry ; and therefore to
carry out the principles of free trade, tea ought to be ad-
mitted without any duty. (Cheers.) He had been told
by one of the largest merchants in Liverpool that in 1849
the value of tea imported into England was £2,000,000
sterling, and the taxes upon it at £5,000,000, so that for
what the people might have had for £2,000,000 they had
to pay £7,000,00. Were it not for this excessive duty
we should have excellent tea, paying a profit to the
retailer at from 11d. to ls. per lb., but the price was raised
as they knew, to between 4s. and ss. per lb. Did it riot,
therefore, appear extraordinary that a government pro-
fessing free trade, should so far themselves violate the
very principles which they originated that they would not
even reciprocate with the Chinese ? (Applause.) Was
this not a monstrous absurdity ? He would admit duty
free all such articles as our soil, climate, and natural indus-
try could not produce: but he would exclude all such
articles as we ourselves and our colonists could produce.
(Cheers.) There were three philosophical grounds upon
which we were bound to uphold protective principles. In
the first place we were entitled to protection against the
foreigner, if our soil and climate are inferior to the soil
of our foreign competitor. Now what was the condition
of Russia,—that was the condition of the Alississipi val-
ley compared with our country ? There was land of
boundless extent not requiring manure, and of the very
best quality for the production of wheat—pure virgin soil,
untouched by plough or spade,—the fee simple being one
or in our money 4s. 2d. per acre. But what did the free
traders of the Cobden school tell the farmers of this coun-
try they advised them to study agricultural chemistry ;
and after devoting alone pc riod of timein making themselves
chemists put their hands into their pockets and make up for
the deficiency of soil and the outlay of capital, and then,

said they, we could compete with either Russia or the
Mississipi valley. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) With all our
superior advantages of learning, we had no chance of
competing with these more naturally favoured countries.
The next ground uoon which protective principles were to
be upheld, vas the difference of dietary between the peo-
ple of this country and those on the continent • for
although our people fare hard enough; yet still, reduced
as things were, they were better fed, clothed, and lodged
than the agricultural population of the continent ; and
the consequence would be. if our labouring classes are
coin pulled to-compete with the foreign producer, who had
the advantage of climate and soil, the farmers of this
country would he obliged to reduce the labour of their
men in husbandry until our peasantry would be reduced
to the degrading level of the Polish slave and Russian
serf.--(Applause.) In the neighbourhood of Ormskirk,
he had been told that the invasion of Irish labourers had
greatly reduced the wages of the Lancashire labouring
men, because the Irish labourers would work for sixpence
per-day. A nation was deservedly approaching ruin when
a barbarous system such as that was introduced. which
expected an able-bodied man to work ten hours a day for
the miserable -compensation of sixpence.—(Applause.)
We ought to abstain from any policy which tended to
degrade the English labourer to the level of the Irish pea-
sant:; and therefore on the ground of lodging, dieting,
and-clothing, he was there to defend the cause of Pratec-
tion.—(Cheers.) The third ground on which the princi-
ples of Protection rested, was the difference of taxation
between this and other countries. The national debt was
£BOOlOOO.OOO sterling. The population of this country,
including Ireland, which gave but little assistance to taxa-
tion, was £30,000,000; the population of the continent
was £220,000,000, seven times greater than ours ; but our
taxation !being equal to that of all the continent, it
followed that each Englishman sustained a taxation of
seven-fold pressure to that of any continental subject.
Besides these there were a variety of local taxes,
which altogether formed a hurthen of such enor-
mous magnitude as to require that the prices for our
produce should rise above the prices of the continental
nations, and of American, who did not undergo the pres
sure of these burdens. The lecturer then-said, that the
statement that. free-trade would give increased employ-
ment to -the population, was falsified by the extensive
system of-emigration, organised under government, which
is now daily going on. There were then men present who
would recollect the prices obtained for 'wheat during the
war. It -was a fact not to be contradicted, that for twent y-
two yeareethe average price of wheat, for the whole period
was 818. -2d. per qr. ; at that time the farmer flourished,
the land was reclaimed, commons were brought into cul-
tivation. :Science applied itself to agriculture, a vigorous
movement-was given throughout the farming districts
civilisation progressed, and there existed a spirit of loyal
and thankfulness throughout. the

the land.; but the movement that-was to strike them
down was hatched even during the war time. It was in
1810 that the first subtle scheme against British industry
was concocted. The Whigs, jealous of the influence of
the great William Pitt, determined to destroy his policy
and take possession •of Downing-street ; so they agreed
and decided that, six•months after peace should be estab-
lished, the monetary system of Pitt should he destroyed,
and that they would go to the old system of bullion, which
originated with Jews and usurers,—but in saying Jews
he did not confine himself to Hebrew Jews ; and to carry
out this scheme they found a fitting tool in the late Sir
Robert Peel. r* * The power and competition with
which they had to contend was increasing every •vear.
Additional capital and skill were continually being called
into requisition, and now that the Navigation Lacs were
repealed, the freights would fall to one-half; so that it
was quite certain that the price of wheat must rule per-
manently at from :30s. to .325. per quarter. Now., with
'respect to the power .of .Russia to supply them with
:wheat, he would tell them a fact that would asto-
:nisi% them. When .the .corn-laws were about being
,repealed,—that was to say, astioon as it was well under-
, stood that Sir Robert reel had betrayed the confidence of
his constituency,—some of the wealthiest and most in-
,flueutial corn-merchants •tnet;in Loudon, and after
berating the question, selected a 4rentleman to proceed
to:Odessa, to ascertain what .was the probable prise at
whit& wheat could be shipped free there for this
country. It might be necessary, sserhaps, to tell them
(the meeting) that the nobility of Russia are in the
habit,of meeting at Odessa to personally superintend the
sale of their own produce. This gentleman, delegated by
the corn merchants at London, sent in his credentials,
and was invited to partake of the hospitalities usual on the
occasion of the meetings elluded to.. After dinner he was
asked the special object of his visit. and lie informed them
that it wit; to ascertain at what price they could ship
wheat free .oft board. They said that in three days
they should be prepared to give an official answer. At
the expiration of that time he again had an interview with
the parties, when they said to him, " If you can prevail
upon,the British government to give to us the exclusive
supply of the British market, for any quantity. for a
period of five years, we will put. it on board at 20s per
quarter, and give to your government a gunrantee that.
we are capable of doing so." Let them add to this fact the
repeal of the navigation laws, which had materially lowered
freightage, and it brought the ruling price to 30s or:l2s per
which was the barter price in Capt. Smith's reports.
* * * * They perhaps might recollect that when Sir
Robert Peel brought this measure (the repeal of the corn
laws) forward, and Cobden and his friends supported it,
they put forward a statement that the prices of wheat
would rule at from 56a. to 58s: per quarter. They said
we don't want to ruin the agriceli urists,—we don't want
to loWer the prices,—what we want is a steady price ;
and this seemed very reasonable and rational. Now of two
things, Sir Robert Peel and his party either believed
that' there would be a steady price, or they did not.
If they believed that the price would be steady, and found
that the results were totally different, they were bound to
reverse their policy ; but it they put this forth merely as a
blind and a delusion, ne terms of reprobation were too
tram to denounce the perfidy of such politited legisla.
Lion. Now, they had' seep the prices
to4os, or belosv it ; therefore, they would know stowtalgitletA) their le&ses, Wheat, Willi; 1)4),,,, per qr, as

down t 4)

standard, falling Is. was a loss to the agriculturists of
£5.000,000 ; a fall from 565. to 40s. must be a loss of
£80,000,000 ; and a fall of every additional Is. made
a diff renee of £5,000,000 ; and when they were
brought down to 30s. per qr., the time would have arrived
when the best thing they could do would be to embark
directly and get some land in the Mississippi Valley
(Cheers.) After dwelling upon the evils of a bullion
currency--contending theft the system of free-trade was
fast expelling the people from their fatherland. and
that it was bringing destruction upon the country
through the same process as the decAdence of an-
cient Rome was brought about, when she ceased
to be a republic and became an empire, under Augustus
Caesar, and other emperors, whose policy it was to import
Egyptian corn, to the neglect of the cultivation of agri-
culture at home, the lecturer concluded thus :—" You are
not to look at mere mercenary interests ; it is to you and
heldsuc h ausu ydosuu
pt htpaortneadt.i o n ty If y
you
un dfoprafteriito ttish mle s
e 0.0
ikf t
yo beou ud p•
e.
generate, your children may reproach you for not having
preserved that, rich and sacred inheritance which you
yourselves had received from your forefathers. And
what have you done towards this,—what have you done
as electors ? Have you done your duty ? I say not. The
electors of South Lancashire have disgraced themselves,
eternally disgraced themselves, by sending to parliament
two Yankee merchants, whose interests with yours are as
foreign as the goods in which they deal. What are the
interests of Brown Shipley ? Do they get wealth by
employing British labour ? No ; by employing American
labour. If you sell wheat in the British market, Messrs.
Brown Shipley get no commission, but in the American
market they do. He (Mr. Brown) may be, and perhaps
is a very respectable man ; I speak not against the man
but against the legislator ; and I condemn you, without
whose consent he never would have been in the position
he is now in. We are apt and prone to error, and
I would be very sorry indeed to' be too hard on those
who have committed an inadvertent mistake ; but when
you know the fact that the interests of Brown and Henry
are foreign interests—that they are benefited by bringing
foreign corn into this country, on which they get a com-
mission, and, therefore, of excluding your corn ; if you
repeat this mistake you are devoid of nationality, of
patriotism, and utterly dead blind to your own true inte-
rests. (Applause.) To this feeling I can tell you the
shipowners of Liverpoolwill respond, for their object is to
make common alliance with you to reject these two Yan-
kee merchants. There is not a single line of British
packet ships to America from the port of Liverpool,—
scarcely a single bale of goods is shipped on hoard a
British bottom. The Yankees are patriotic, and say,
"ship our goods on board our vessels, or take the penalty
of forfeiting your commission." When the Cunard line
was established, it was with British capital, and they
consulted British inter; sts. Then Brown, Shipley were
compelled to send goods on board these vessels, instead
of the American liners, not to benefit us, mind you, but
to benefit. the Americans, • who said the steamer comes so
.much faster, goods sent. by the Cunard line give us a
month's longer credit in Manchester. And now let us
see what course Brown, Shipley took. They went to
New York, got up a new line, and Brown, Shipley sub-
scribed the first £lOO,OOO to create that opposition. And
is not this human nature ? Did not Brown, Shipley pro-
tect themselves ? )Cheers.) I ask you to take a leaf out
their book, and protect yourselves by sending no man
to the British House of Commons, who is not pledged,
and who you are certain is honestly pledged, to protect
native industry at home, on the sea, and in our colonies.
(Loud cheers.) What. does England want wiqi the trade
of the continent, and with any trade, at the sacrifice of
her own power ? And what are we doing now that this
emigration movement is so fashionable ? Who are the
people we send away ? The lame, the weak, the disso-
lute, the unskilful ? No ; the object is to send away the
industrious, the skilful, the sober • and in doing so you
send away the sinews, the nerve, the pith of your country.
(Cheers.) * * My object is not to rass away
an hour in mere idle and unprofitable talking, but to as-
sist, as far as my humble efforts enable me, in fortifying
your minds to a firm resolution to turn out of the southern
division of the county the two sitting members. (Cheers.)
You can do it if you are united ; but if you do return
these two men again, I will take care, if I am alive, that
it shall be openly stated in both Houses of Parliament
that you are the willing victims of your own folly and de-
lusior. If you choose to forge the instruments by which
your own trade is to be enchained, in order to encourage
the trade of a foreign country, the crime will most Ls-
suredly bring its own punishment along with it, and you
will richly deserve it, for not only will you be so
blind not to protect your own interests, but so unpa-
triotic as not to protect the interests of those men
who support the question of protection to native in-
dustry. (Mr. Duncan resumed his seat amidst loud and
prolonged cheers.)

Captain ARMSTRONG rose to propose a vote of thanks
to him, and in doing so, said he (Mr. Duncan) had so
exhausted the subject. that, he felt assured no other
speaker would address them.
_ _

- Mr. MAWDESLEY, of Maghull, seconded the vote, and
it was carried unanimously and enthusiastically.
Mr. Goss, of Orrnskirk, proposed a vote of thanks to
the chairman, which was passed with equal enthusiasm.
Three cheers were given for the Queen, and three for
Lord Stanley, after which the meeting separated, the va-
rious parties presar:t being, we learn, highly gratified and
instructed; and it was observed that men who formerly
lent their aid to the League delusion, now raised loud
their voices in support of protection.
After the meeting Mr. Dur.can was invited to meet a
party of most irifluential gentlemen who had attended, at
a cold collation, which was profusely provided at the King's
Arms Hotel. Here the main and practical question of
organising the county was discussed, and it was elicited
that the division; from Liverpool to Preston and Newton,
was in a favourable position for a contest. The Manches-
ter end of the division was urged to arouse themselves, for
their apathy alone would prevent the return of two sound
Protectionist members for South Lancashire at the next
election.