The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-05-07 00:00:00

Tlid LIVERPOOL SUNDA IL

cretions, they were. like him, on their way to the mines,
with the purpose of retrieving. by a last grand effort, much
time misspent. Some of the scenes enacted on the passage
out are curious. The " shaving business," on crossing
the line, is thus described :—" You stand on a stool, with
only your trousers on, before which is a large sail filled
with water, two sailors, one representing Neptune, and
the other his wife, ask your name ; as you tremulously open
your mouth to articulate the answer, a brush which has
been dipped in a compound of rosin, tar, and pigs' manure
is thrust into it; after this the stool is knocked from under
your feet, and then they overwhelm you with salt water."

IRELAND.
NEWRY.—Patrick M'Mahon has been committed for
trial, charged with the manslaughter of a " navvie" named
Robt. M'Loughlin, into whose side he plunged a knife,
causing instant death.

A conditional order for a mandamus requiring the Town
Council of Dublin to proceed to the election of a Lord
Mayor in the place of Mr. John Reynolds, whose name
has been struck off the burgess roll, has been granted by
the Court of Queen's Bench at Dublin.
The free trade Limerick Examiner informs us that,
" The stream of emigration continues, and has reduced
the competition for land, ro that there is not the fighting
about it that used to be the case. in the county Clare Sir
Lucius O'Brien has 5,000 acres of land thrown on his
hands which he cannot let, and is not able either to stock
or cultivate it ; and Lord Gort has 13,000 acres of land
without a hoof on it, except some wild deer'."
PUTTING THINGS TO THE TEST.—A government
writer very coolly says, " The three great sales now ap-
proaching—of the Irish estates of the Earls of Mount-
casbell, Kingston, and Portarlington—will apply the true
test to the land sales in the Incumbered Commission
Court." When it is considered that the amount of pro-
perty devoted to the hammer under those three denomi-
nations scarcely falls short of £lOO,OOO a year, the reader
will conclude that it is rather a costly " test." The me-
dical rule—fiat experimentum in corpore vili"—appears
to have little weight in such philosophy.
Another and if possible more degrading scene took place
on Wednesday at the meeting of the " reformed" corpo-
ration of the city of Dublin. The chief actors were, as
usual, the Lord Mayor and Mr. Walker (conservative),
the latter in a measure aided by Mr. Martin, one of the
extreme liberal party. So hot and furious was the war
that at one time the police were introduced at the instance
of Mr. John Reynolds, and, but for the intervention of
one or two members opposed to this scandalous breach of
propriety, Mr. Walker would have been an innate of the
station at Chancery-lane. At the same time it would be
difficult to say which faction is most to blame for the
outrage, both seeming to have lost all sense of the usages
of civilised society.
BARRING OUT OF A PROTESTANT CLERGYMAN.--
The Armagh Guardian contains the following singular
statement :—" On Sunday week an attempt had been
made to exclude the Rev. James Hardy, incumbent of
Kildarton, from an entrance to his church by the putting
of nails, such as worn in shoes, in the lock of the door.
Yesterday again the church was completely barricaded.
Ihe cause, we understand, and which has been assigned
to the rev. gentleman, is his not having registered when
invited by the Registration Society of Armagh, and after-
wards having registered his votes for the county and city
independently of that association, as well as having, a
considerable time since, placed his schools under the
Commissioners of National Education."

The Bishop of Exeter has written a letter in reply to
the Churchmen of Nottingham. It is the first since the
Primate's curt answer to the 118 clergymen in the diocese
of Lincoln. In his letter he says,—" The time is coming
—rather, is already come—when every one must declare
himself, if he is faithful. individual confession of the
true faith is now necessary, for we have ceased to have
security for the assertion of that faith by the laws of the
State—and the very possibility of asserting it by synod is
denied to us."
SOCIETY FOR THE PROPAGATION OF THE GOSPEL.—
On Monday a public meeting was held at Willis's-rooms
to consider the claims of this society. Lord Littleton
presided. The report stated that the number of clergy
in connexion with the society in the North American
colonies was 278. In each of the North American colo-
nies a college for the education and training of clergymen
existed, and to every one of them the society granted exhi-
bitions for the support of candidates for holy orders. In
the West Indies the society maintained 38 missionaries,
who were stationed at Jamaica, the Bahamas, Barbadoes,
and the Leeward Islands, Antigua, Demerara, Berbice,
and Essequibo. A large number of clergymen were main-
tained by the society in the four Indian dioceses—Cal-
cutta, Madras, Bombay, and Colombo. To' the Australi-
an dioceses and Tas mania, between 60 and 70 clergymen
had been sent out since 1837. The total number of mis-
sionaries maintained in whole or in part by the society
was 355 ; the number of divinity students, catechists, and
schoolmasters maintained was above 300.
SOCIETY FOR THE CONVERSION OF THE JEWS.—On
Friday, the 42nd annual meeting of this society was held
at Exeter.hall, when its friends and supporters mustered
in great force. Lord Ashley occupied the chair, and was
supported by Sir R. H. Inglis, M.P., and a number of
gentlemen who are interested in the conversion of that
ancient people. The noble chairman briefly addressed
the meeting, congratulating them on the success which
had attended the operations of the society, and impress-
ing on them the necessity for increased and persevering
exertions, especially at the present juncture, when such
heresies prevailed in the church as, be feared, would result
in the disruption of that establishment. The secretary
then read the annual report. The receipts of the year
for special and general purposes had attained to £28,283,
being an increase over last year of £939 ss. 6d. Copies
of the scriptures had been issued to the number of 10,455,
and there were at present 10,000 copies of the Old and
New Testament in the press. The report further stated,
thot in the Hebrew school the New Testament was read
with avidity. It was calculated that the metropolis con-
tained about 25,000 Jews, which showed the field that the
society had to labour in. The foreign missions of the •
society had been eminently successful ; and during the
past year 20 foreign Jews, resident in the metropolis,
bad been conversed. The report gave very general satis-
faction.

STATE OF THE CHURCH.—We rejoice to observe, says
the Church and State Gazette, the calm and dignified
attitude of the great body of the clergy at the present
crisis. By abstaining from a counter-movement, unless
it should become absolutely necessary, they increase the
respect of the greet body of the laity towards them, and
may rely on vigorous support should any attempt be made
to alter the present constitution of the Court of Appeal,
and thereby impair the tolerant and comprehensive cha-
racter of our church. With the exception of some dozen
clergymen of Ventnor who have addressed the Archbishop,
and a declaration of approval of the decision of the judi-
cial committee addressed to the Bishop of Durham, all is
perfectly quiet, giving evidence of the peaceful tendency of
the late settlement. Mr. Gorham, of Trinity College, son
of the Rev. G. C. Gorham, has :indignantly repudiated
the libelous gossip copied from a Hull newspaper, respect-
ing him, and calls it, as well he may, an "unfounded and
preposterous rumour." The fact of the Scotch bishops,
two of whom at least seceded from the English church to
the Scotch episcopal communion, having addressed the
Bishop of London, may suggest an apprehension lest the
Bishop of Melipotamus and his vicars-apostolic may not
follow. We have much satisfaction in adding that the
report, that all the bishops were conferring as to a mani-
festo, is erroneous. No resolutions have been come to,
or will be, us to any steps to be taken by the collective
bench. This is as it should be.
THE BISHOPS AND THE CHURCH.—We are quite aware
of the recent meetings of the episcopal bench ; nor is there
the least occasion for any mystery about them. The
matter which brought their lordships together was simply
the discussion of the proposed Clergy Discipline Bill.
That measure has been, we believe, harmoniously agreed
to. But it is a measure which can never be discussed in
Parliament until the session of 1851, if even then. It is
therefore too soon to feel much interest or anxiety about
it. But has this been all ? and, if so, whence the unusual
agitation of the Tractarian journals ? We believe that we
can explain this also. For it has reached our earsand
the journals above alluded to are also clearly in possession
of the fact—that, after the business which had called their
lordships together had been despatched, and just as they
were about to separate, a junior and rather active member
of the bench ventured to suggest, that the present meet-
ing furnished a happy opportunity for taking a step which
might promote the restoration of peace in the Church, by
agreeing to and promoting a declaration, setting forth the
Church's doctrine on the point of infant baptism. Their
lordships were rather startled, we understand, by this
sudden and unexpected proposal ; and it was agreed, that
each being provided with a copy of the proposed declare-
tion,--another meeting should be held next week, for the
purpose of considering and coming to some decision upon
it.—Herald.
THE BIBLE V. THE PAPACY.—At the annual meeting
of the Bible Society last week, Captain rakenhom, whilst
speaking of the circulation of the scriptures at Florence
said, that the edition which he superintended the printing
of was the Martini Bible. That person had been an Arch-
bishop of Florence; but although his translation did not
come up to the English one it was such that the British
and Fo reign Bible Society consented to the distribution
of it. It had also received the sanction of a former Pope.
But one infallible Pope had thought proper to condemn
that work of which another infallible Pope approved.
Hear.) Well, the edition was seized, and the books were
now in the highest story of a certain edifice in Florence,
the bottom story of which was the common prison. The
Bibles had been seized by a sort of policeman, who ap-
peared quite inflated with his own importance, and having
questioned one of his men whether there were any more
of those bad books, the man had answered that he did
not know, but asked if the book was so bad a one as was
described, why the man in anthority did not seize the
author and imprison him ? (Hear, hear.) He would just
give one instance of the influence of the diffusion of the
scriptures. The printers whom he had engaged in pre-
paring the publication had come to him and made it a par-
ticular request that he would give each of them a copy of
that excellent book of whose merits they had become
fully aware in the progress of their work. (Hear, hear.)
After the seizure of the books he had been subjected to
what was called an interrogatory, which there meant a
mode of making people accuse themselves. He had at
once accepted the entire responsibility of the publication,
and professed his readiness to have the matter tried in
any court in Tuscany. The government, however, deter-
mined that he should be used as a witness against the
poor printers, but that they did not succeed in effecting.
The speaker here went into some details of the proceed-
ings which subsequently took place in some of the Tuscan
courts of law. In the course of those proceedings his
counsel had contended that neither the decree of the
Council of Trent nor the prohibitory letters of the Pope
had any force within the Tuscan territory. The case had
gone against them, and he was sentenced to pay a fine
of 50 dollars. His costs had been only is. 6d. (Hear,
hear.) From that decision he had appealed, and the su-
perior court reversed the decree of the inferior one.
STATISTICS OF THE SEE OF CHESTER.—We take the
following from the introduction prefixed to the second
part of the second volume of Bishop Gastrell's " Notitia
Cestriensis," edited by the 'Rev. Canon Raines, who
acknowledges that he is indebted for these statistical facts
to the Venerable Archdeacon Rushton :—" When the see
of Chester was founded in 1541, there were in the diocese,
exclusive of the portion lately assigned to Ripon, 327
churches ; and from that time to 1828, 186 additional
churches were built. Bishop Sumner consecrated 233
churches, averaging one new church in each month during
his episcopate, and was the first individual who established
diocesan church building societies. In the diocese of
Chester this great and good prelate occasioned and wit-
nessed the expenditure of £1,284,229, raised from local
subscriptions and grants of public societies, exclusive of
a very considerable amount expended by private indivi-
duals who sought no foreign aid. The clergy have in-
creased provortionably with the churches. In 1831 there
were 672 clergymen in the diocese ; at the close of 1847,
there were 1033, all resident, and 49 non-resident. Nor has
school accommodation lagged behind. During the same
episcopate, 671 new schools were built in 428 different
localities, at a cost, raised from public and local resomc,es,
of £191,274, exclusive of many school-houses built, and
in some cases endowed, by benevolent individuals,-which
swells the amount to little short of a quarter of a million.
These statements refer to the diocese of Chester as
bounded since the Yorkshire portion (containing 120
benefices) was annexed to the new diocese of Ripon, and
before the entire diocese of Manchester was carved out of
it, and a third curtailment effected by the addition of cer-
tain extremities of the counties of Lancaster, Cumber..
land, and Westmoreland, to the see of Carlisle. In 1847,
the diocese of Chester contained 2,435,644 inhabitants.
Of these, 1.390,287 are now assigned to the see of Man-
chester, 117,022 are hereafter to be added to the see of
Carlisle, and 921,335 remain to that of Chester, Of the
777 benefices which the latter see then contained, 320 are
now in the diocese of Manchester, 121 will be annexed 'to
Carlisle, and Chester will retain 336. The total church
accommodation is 535,166 sittings, more than half of
which is free. The following summary may appropriately
close this account of diocesan increase during Bishop
Sumner's eminently-useful and laborious episcopate of
twenty years, viz. :-233 new churches and ecclesiastical
districts, 194,745 additional sittings in churches, 361
additional clergy, 671 new schools, 768,584 additional
inhabitants."

STRANGE QUESTIONS.—The Rev. W. Maskell, late
chaplain to the Bishop of Exeter, and who has expressed
his wish to leave the Church of England, has addressed a
letter to the Primate, in which he says :—" So that it
seems to be as I had supposed: and I have no faith and
no doctrines to teach on any subject—except, perhaps,
regarding the ever-blessed Trinity—as certainly the doc-
trines and the faith of the Church in which I am a minis-
ter. In other words, if there is anyth;ng which I ought
to teach, it is this—that the Church of England has no
distinct doctrine, except on a. single subject. For, my
lord,—and I write it with pap and sorrow,—l may tell
my people to believe, according to their own view of
Scripture, either that all children are regenerated in holy
baptism, or that they are not : that confirmation is a
spiritual gift, conveyed by laying on of hands, in a sacra-
mental manner, or, that it is not :—and so of the other
doctrines which I have named, and many besides those.
And all this, speaking with authority, as an ordained
and commissioned teacher, sent and appointed by the
Church herself." He then asks bis Grace whether he
can preach, as the doctrine of the Clara of England,

dogmatically, his views of baptism, confirmation, sposto-
lical succession, &c. The Archbishop's reply is dignified
and courteous, reminding Mr. Maskell that he is entirely
authorised and empowered by the Church, to declare all
that Scripture sets forth ; and that neither he (the
Archbishop) nor any one else can empower him to de-
clare, dogmatically, in the name of the Church, anything
not found in God's Word; and concluding as follows :
" I can scarcely hope that this superficial reply to ques-
tions which it would require a volume to discuss, will
appear to you either sufficient or satisfactory. But such
as it is, it may serve to suggest thoughts which deserve
your serious consideration, before you take the dangerous
step which you have been lately meditating. Especially
it may lead you to inquire whether, in the exercise of
your ministry, you have not been in the habit of paying
too much attention and attributing too much authority to
something else, rather than to that on which we can alone
depend, and which is the deposit committed to our charge
—the Word of God." Mr. Maskell, however, is still
intent on obtaining a specific reply to his " five points,"
and brings them again before his Grace, who replies in
the following Christian and truly apostolic style :
Lambeth, Ail 27.
Reverend Sir,—l can only answer your second inquiry by
another.
You ask of me, " whether you are to conclude that you
ought not to teach, and have not the authority of the Church
to teach, any of the doctrines spoken of in your five former
questions, in the dogmatical terms there stated?"
To which I reply, are they contained in the Word of God?
St. Paul says, ' Preach the Word." The Church, at your
ordination, gave you " authority to preach the Word of God,"
and took an engagement from you that you would " be diligent
in reading the Holy Scriptures," were persuaded that they
" contained sufficiently all doctrine required of necessity to
eternal salvation," and " out of the said Scriptures would in-
struct the people committed to your charge." Whatever is
not there found, and nothing which cannot be proved thereby,
is to be taught as an article of belief, or thought requisite or
necessary to salvation.—Art. VI.
Now whether the doctrines concerning which you inquire
are contained in the Word of God, and can be proved thereby,
you have the same means of discovering as myself, and I have
no special authority to declare.

_
I remain, Rev. Sir, your faithful servant,
Rev. W. Maskell. J. B. CANTUAR.

POLITICAL MISCELLANY.
The Lymington election has resulted in the return of
Mr. Elliott, the numbers being at the close of the poll—
For Mr. Elliott, 121 ; for Mr. Stuart, 103.
A Protectionist meeting, at which delegates from all
parts of the kingdom will attend, is to be held this day
(Tuesday) at the Crown and Anchor Tavern, in the Strand,
London. The Duke of Richmond will occupy the chair.
A deputation, consisting of the Earl of Harrowby, Sir
James Duke, M. P., Sir Thomas Birch, M.P., Mr. Wm.
Gore Ousely, Mr. Lafone, Mr. Boutcher, Mr. Hackblock,
Mr. Ede, and Mr. N. Griffiths, had an interview on
Friday, with Mr. Labouchere, at the Board of Trade, on
the subject of the Falkland Islands.
Amongst the "rocks ahead," which the ministry have
to encounter, is a motion for a differential duty on sugar,
which is to be brought forward by Sir E. Buxton on the
Bth of May ; and which is certain to lead to one of the
most important debates of the session. The Protectionist
that absents himself ought to be called upon to resign.
PROPHETICAL.—The statesman who is yet to succeed
in the highest solemn task of sustaining the name of Eng-
land through all her trials, may see every kingdom the
centre of a revolution ; the solitary Jacobinism of France
forgotten and eclipsed by a universal hostility to Throne
and Temple ; popular passion inflamed with boundless
frenzy; and the earth involved in one reckless and mea-
sureless confusion of war, conspiracy, and infidelity.—
Blackwood's Magazine for January 1835.
WOOL versus CorroN.—A draper in a neighbouring
town, who is fully alive to the advancement of his busi-
ness, has a placard in his window to the following effect :
" Woollen and Linen Goods, warranted free from Cot-
ton." Mr. Ferrand's wool-league has no doubt suggested
this idea, as we are well informed that on the Yorkshire
Wolds his proposal to exclude the use of cotton goods is
being extensively adopted, not only in the households of
the farmers, but also of their labourers.—Yorkshire
Gazette.
PROTECTION.—DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT. —On
Thursday an almost unprecedented application was made
to her Majesty's Government. A nobleman of the highest
rank (the Duke of Richmond), attended by several other
peers, eight county members, and a large body of gentle-
men, waited upon the Secretary of State for the Home
Department, for the purpose of placing in his hands no
fewer than two hundred and sixty-seven addresses to the
Throne, expressive of the distrust felt by hundreds of
thousands of her Majesty's subjects with reference to the
present House of Commons, and their earnest prayer that
her Majesty would be pleased to dismiss that assembly,
and so afford to her subjects the opportunity of mani-
festing their real feelings on the controverted points of
tree trade and protection. These addresses will, no
doubt, be rejected by the Ministers and scoffed at by the
Ministerial journals. Yet it is quite certain, that they
present a far larger and juster proof of the popularity of a
cause than anything that the League, in its palmiest
hour, could ever have shown.
LANDLORD AND TENANT IN GERMANY.--The land is
almost universally demised to mere serfs, who pay their
rents " in kind," viz., one-half of the grain produced on
each man's farm. This is the whole of the landlord's
subsistence, and in order to live, he must sell this, com-
monly to an exporter, for whatever he can get ; as he has
no capital embarked, he loses nothing but income by low
prices; and this loss of income he repairs by taking into
cultivation more of the abundant land under his domain,
of course eventually lowering prices still more, though
deriving a present relief. In this way the Prussian and
Polish landowner must soon come to contend with the
Tenessee farmer, who raises the best wheat at 10s. the
quarter. The stupid Germans do not see that in this way
they have been cutting their own throats. While our
sliding scale prevailed they had occasionally high prices in
fact, and always a chance of high prices, that supported
their market. Thanks to Sir Robert Peel they have now
lost the advantage due to their proximity to our
market, and have to contend against the supplies of
America, which are constantly poured in at steadily dimi-
nishing prices.
PUBLIC SERVICE SALARIES.—The pretended financial
reformers, who have been so long and so loud in their
professions of a determination to effect a sweeping reduc-
tion in the public expenditure, were again found wanting
on Tuesday, in the House of Commons, where alone they
can be of any avail in carrying out their desires. On that
day Mr. Henley brought forward a motion for an address
to her Majesty, praying her to direct that a careful revi-
sion be made of the salaries and wages paid in every de-
partment of the public service. The protectionists were
as usual almost the only true reformers and economists.
In the majority of 269 against the motion were Lord
Ashley, Sir T. B. Birch, J. Bright, J. Brotherton, W.
Brown, Sir R. Bulkeley, Sir E. N. Buxton, E. Cardwell,
Sir G. Clerk, R. Cobden, C. Cowan, Sir P. Egerton. W.
Ewart, T. M. Gibson, G. C. (Glynn. T. Greene, Lord R,
Grosvenor, A. Henry, J. Heywood, L. Heyworth, J. W.
Patten, Sir R. Peel, J. Sandars, R. A. Thicknesse, Col.
Thompson, T. Thornely, and G. Thompson. In the mi-
nority of 173 were J. Bailey. G. Bankes, J. Best, Sir P.
Egerton. B. Disraeli, H. Drummond, 0. Duncombe, J.
Farrer, Marquis Granby, J. Hornby, J. Hudson, G. C.
Legh, J. Hume, Lord Mandeville, Lord J. Manners, C.
Newdegate, Lord Ossulaton, J. P. Plumptre, J. A. Roe-
buck, G. Sanders, Col. Sibthorp, Hon. E. Stanley, Ald.
Thompson, J. Tollemache, T. Wakley, Sir J. Walmsley,
and Sir W. W. Wynn.
PROTECTION AND FREE TRADE. WHO CAN SETTLE
WHICH Is RIGHT I—We feel that we cannot rival our
opponents in eloquence, that we cannot equal them in
statesmanship, and that we are wanting in that peculiar
sagacity which has always distinguished them (laughter).
But whatever be our failing we have not the weakness of
allowing our campaign to be chalked out for us by our
opponents (cheers). Though we do not intend to bring
forward the question as we have been challenged to do
here, by a noble lord in another place—though we do not
intend to do this, yet I will candidly tell the noble lord
that I think this is not a question to be settled in the
House of Commons. I do think that whatever may be
your decision respecting it, that decision cannot be satisfac-
tory to the country. lam afraid that it is incidental to
human nature, that wisdom only can be acquired by ad-
versity, and when I think the country is greatly suffering,
and such a lesson I think is in store,—but when that
happens, I have no doubt the country will settle the
question, and that too without troubling the noble lord or
myself on the subject. lam sure that no settlement but
that will be satisfactory. The effect of a vote of this
house upon such a question as the reconsideration of our
commercial system would not satisfy the people ont of
doors, whether that vote of the House of Commons was
for protection or against it. Whatever were the opinions
of the house we have found ourselves on both sides dis-
appointed in our expectations. The people say we
elected a parliament to support the corn law, and it
repealed: the law we sent them to support. As to those
who oppose or those who approve of what the House of
Commons then did, a contrary decision by it now would
not satisfy the country nor content either party. It is a
question only to be settled out of doors.—Mr. D'Arae/i
on Wednesday.
Wuo STIMULATED RAILWAYS.--If our present com-
mercial and agricultural depression be occasioned by the
railroads, who, I ask, is responsible for the railroads ?
Why, the great men who ought to be the guides of this
house, our tutors, and our political instructors—(laugh-
ter)—our guardians of public conduct. (Laughter.) Did
you not stimulate railroads in this house ? (Hear.) Did
you not make the attendance of members upon railway
committees compulsory? and did you not do this in order
that no time might be lost with the advancement of com-
peting lines ? (Laughter ?) Were not your young men
warned, in solemn tones, not to lose their time in making
speeches, but in devoting that time to the better purpose
of attending railway committees ? (Cheers and laughter.)
Wes not this the advice of your great statesmen ? (Cheers
and laughter.) And what was the conduct of the great
middle classes, as the guardians of the country ? We
know they described their own conduct. They told us
that the time had gone by when England would be go-
verned as it had been—that the time had come when it
should be ruled by a few great towns. Shares, then, were
at a great premium ! (Cheers and laughter.) They then
said that there was no use in a House of Lords ; that the
two branches of the realm who sat in the other house
should he done away with—that the country might have
its affairs administered by that house alone—then shares
were at 150 premium. (Laughter and cheers.) All the
consequences then that were now deplored were thus
attributed to the superior enterprise, to the wise sugges-
tions of the great middle class, and that mainly to be
found in the towns in the north of England. (Hear.)
And yet, what do they now tell us ? That half the capital
then embarked has been lost, that more than X 100,000,000
has gone in consequence of what has been done—that not
only has ail been lost to them, but that (and this is their
own story) lost because they did not keep accounts.
(Laughter.) And this is said by the men who, all over
England, have been busy in decrying and denouncing the
farmers of England because they cultivated land without
keeping accounts. (Cheers andlaughter.)—Mr. Disraeli's
Speech, on Wednesday.

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rltki, Ya
fixed salaries. Etraors,s, AklttZ4,llB.l
THE FARMERS OF NORTHERN we tske a, vp Th-..... t.
FARMERS OF GREAT BRITAIN. sinio. 'Cliff7Y g
extract from a letter addressed to Mr. , the . 40,E. street,_
ber for Wakefield, by Mr. Schilloo, (11 est- el, /
of,,Svnichiyll,onwhaenndiCn Co.,
moefrSttiemtteisn
we:-
bear!.
of se, 04' ,`1',..„..,014.1,/iiiii:
ciency of two to three millions of quar!ez'tworr . 1,474, Nvi
vanced at once to 428. to 458. per (1.,.„,"07)0 4iL 731,1 ~,,a.yib, 0
you have had an actual supply of ape 32.8. or-. ' c:2l end,
yet our prices have not been much bo_ &or 4
I lay any great weight upon present stOC/05;eic
.., . , It lii
enough last year to kn 3W what sepal!" '.. it et" tololtri44:7l, t
afford to send you ; the main question td AP , rt •cp ..
the farmer abroad afford to sell wheat, il:f the, , , ill'ii, d 4;:
him at home? lam not able to kidge;oviii • .
ii.tithlt,di
much is certain that, you cannot rld i bed • . tb'' tile 0,31 Y
England as we can on the continent; ee retooti, ~ •%I
been of opinion that pus ought to har,e..„, feko,,i 111 te.,_-sui
duty of perhaps ss. per qr. till such 187,00,.,- ...%;tidnue
land, rent, taxes, labour, 4c., comer ?It bat ~,,,P" - 711'tisti. ir 8,,
with other countries, and I have no d°l', with `lO 4 %a ' lb,. In
large would have been quite as satisfied is. re to -^,1%44.e.0f tk
duty. I say this, notwithstanding I ad"„ciad,4, ' 14141111417,
of free trade as much as any sensible we'l.„ ifeili, at . 14,111
it upon the conviction that our farmers Tl, bom , ot,Yie.Cail
at prices equal to 295. to 30s. pfr qr. free,illBko-%1
the belief that it will be found similar in sl, it! ~ tob.,^4lb 11:114
say, that under common circumstances 570 . VX; „Ad
afford to supply you considerably cheap er i V tZ._814,114.
l'etteu
This is the opinion of a free trader, oin ', too ali
darn in consequence of the appearance:no -Zile
the 14th uit., of a document signed bi:otj IC-. 'lll
sons calling themselves corn merchaeowbe 404Zialite
which document it was sought to be " 47,1146. illb
prices of wheat in the north of Eurolr ;,, tefibiNiiikk
low as Mr. Sanders had represents e' i kt,..14,14it
Commons. We may observe, by the 1144,1t4p0,
ument did not affect the position assn., ,SlO4l/4 4
~1
member for Wakefield, inasmuch SS 9.111 ' 14s `•
red to March of this year, whereas to°o4'' goo, e,_ '
of prices "in the course of the past leiptce Rokes4
EFFECTS OF OUR PRESENT CußgEt4„ pi, bli ~.!
period in the annals of our history whic",lo.ll, , ,Tilo‘1411)4
by such repeated and wide-spread soue,-, , ritioAllitt4 ,
years which have elapsed since the cbeer of, 141,."4114 Lb
begun by the contraction of the curreefjPA look-utlio,. tett
ness the three dreadful monetary erieeBlol.,ity" ' tlotimploZ„.o
1847, and the repeated recurrence of 60 le: / Sit% et k.,-'/ it
Look at the effects of this system. I,''':so/ ' ‘ll, a„N`"; i
deeply furrowed and for ever marked ',fill noel, ItSill.olB
It has produced consequences which
~.,,,,ww ton '446., 0f"44 ts, ;
ten, and to which the historians of felul-eto itetiq:kad-"ufl la
as the turning-point of British story, B°,olaer '41,011, mit 1.1
to future ages. It has produced the Rcia-oed 1:1/41),71,m/tialkr.gi
disfranchished our whole Colonies; disP,roeit, Zot...sthe all te
went of property, talent, and intelligen-d ' , Niczott,.,ose
island, and installed that of buyie,f_,s"ool, ii 1111,04,„'.tY-f
stead. It has severed the public p0w4,,,,t. li 'thiltile'rils
tion of the Land and Native Industry, t'''' A ' tkty ilk ow ..,j , i,.
and only sure patrimony of the nation, or , Ne% ahalibg
iiwtinnnhatdsrorutoesteuaotxgrdidlilioeeuoncirsultarohrcineoeittsthithhzheeeirefnmticirsns:gloqnuiiecsk,satnhdast oitf
is
0::;00ropi,, letti_74e/314,i/a;:ill
ity. It has destroyed the West Indies neold," 1144% ply
tepbovaigelrieryettnyhtsio!srvft:eatrreietp,dhaeoummrptpaehrntei.oiannld,tvGheaanrnsetdadotrfsipßvarereapnitroadfirtnorsc,dmiaspeo:::efrtorbt:
ki::::4,toille:th, .:: ;il
iel
they are only waiting for some serion ed. %, ..ruottkui I
nativeelfvoers i thenlad land. diPae.sntdietthnreht °its I:ref e4l'
rer4
`'1;4eL:11" 14::::Ist°t1Y1
tswrhiashetteeesnneicenemd bsteooaotdshfuo
ruin
ueibsdi
llnaebnwyidnhsai
otttsuoi
trt
ever
re
ruwsctnaaapsnnrtbdei
ela
rcefeilsre,ens.tchitphr4:4
41
44441444 : the
Fopsol
ottafte
oti
dgerefean'tcheloefssfoarseitghneyshwipepreinginatshecodmayaserioedj.,:ordl.lo9:
atil,k44l;:ooleivo:/pleehda,
carrying oprtuhfasturesehnsl
justice
trade. It has rend ") , ./t pdttete°lllitl
tarchy ; and made one of our first 806 100;114 F104%14:
1 declared
harbours,Nl
eaenasc Ipdpaieurererbed,
lditclohll
ayauainrisdkawmf
said
dee
el
acmtu
nwh
rusahestoedt when
eho
rtnueandrriees-cii
:win.
srpgiaanni
etaotnaeewal winter frosts
from
resource sfaut.i.tse:lo:::
finirro)
1;;Ii;/41:4:01 ,
.44ittitIt.:
iltiltt:t.,;ltt4l44.4b,:rod:bee,dfrotitf...!o_
of the successors of the sea-kings of tt".nb J `qatib 1,
security
ehhucaertti
rta
the`ri
togy etpoas t greatest
leader bill-tbroker
eeintthd
rsorblidm,"se:";:gtilori.
origi I,ll,:tth,toit:::,,t,,ll4e4ol,:nni
tht
hhaees sinking
lit
public
joanti
kaad
ill 1
nadf
gob,
and the fi.isnatnhece. sP,ricelobfetle
tifig:#l StiliCti :11: iitiitBeal;
imposing
rode booting
PN, /II
top 4iiti 11
for ever, as a burden, hopeless of rot
sencuenorsguutoirffcneesteoihanefiinvptidy.yets,ominfowdoeaurrar,tirao:nds,lFottiooo4s,l4cl)
40.14,4 t-,
04bf3litt kb,Pipi,dilittoi;cll:l,
tO th..,/ 1 e 1
t li, ~,
country.—Blackwood. .

SPORTING INTELLIG
On Monday last, a match took Pl Crosby, between Mr. T. Ford's bsv horse 01",1
and Mr. Johnson's brown mareFennY'
The betting at starting was two to one fr
was a spirited contest, —a mile and a hal itorir
Ford's Dancing Master winning by abnt-te05,1
HOYE ABE RACES, WEDNESDAY.--w- O"?
Hoylake Spring Cup, Richard the First eto
third. La Voleuse won the Dee Stakes' eid
~ tstli
Pizarro won the Shorts Handicap SY/6'e'
second, Standardbearer third. Anchoret'; etprtio
Plate, Wolverhampton second, Meacham bt
concerned
ethneerde
withoutw sa
rdispute,running
nbut a its
Pizari o won the Birkenhead Hurdle Raee'llooo 01]
second. Primrose won the Liverpool lose, p
Pizarro second. La Voleuse won the iket/ °Atli
Stakes, Lapwing second. Garrendon %Ito Poe
Hunters' Plate. Primrose won the BeanidAti
Grey second. Colleen Rhue won the efial'-
Lapwing second.
ewcoasndsetitratiVogil

WOFIRST ISSUE OF NEWSPAPERS.-- evilliefj#6l
James the First was drawing to a ol°seiieog
6F
son was poet laureate, and the personal 0.0101
pere were lamenting his recent des IL
was trading as a brewer at Hunting"L'at,„verr,
was a youth of sixteen, just trying his hoPrfl'
and Hampden a quiet country -gentleman trenibt di
shire ; London was first solicited to P,.8 (110,1i1
newspaper. There is now no reason to 615 orf,
puny ancestors of the myriads of br°,a,ol4l,
time was published in the metropolis 'l3,
the most prominent of the ingenious "So 110
offered the novelty to the world was "esr t°,7l A
INNteyirtne.o.laHsshiesßffcoaourmrdn,peannaiTrothnhosomlionamstehterncwhooewrrk,n:ies,P,a,Pettilia?o,4
All these different names appear in the A 11,
early numbers of the first newspoPeL hesrl'os
What appears to be the earliest sheet he
of May. 1622, and has the names of P":01111r, F
on the title : but as we proceed in the,el"ooo'o
subject, we find that Butter becomes t°B tbe.je
ous of the set. He seems to have bee nbly sP
the writer, whilst the others were Pr°l7asrelitjlecri
ers; and, with varying title, and ara ce,1„10;r0
indifferent success, his name is fours he
newspapers as late as the year 1640.—•

0/"lfd
" Col164:01i;
TAXES: HOW TO LESSEN TH.- -,,,,a -2: ,r r,
STRONG ARGUMENTS AND STARTLl''ffiero.- rdiff r
CANNOT BE CONTRADICTED.—The na— Wei 'OOO4
mulated profits which real consumers 4,,, 00/
various articles, afford a good opportnaVith,
the position of some houses compare," writ , 011
it is our purpose to elucidate how anm Ibt 0;40
that we shall be enabled to throws strong "; tefrols'Otolf
neglected subject, and prove the enormous 00 ja
0/
on domestic expenditure. In order to h°o slllo6ity
public investigation, we shall endeavour
i the Vise flit,i,
place, simply the number and extent 0. 00 af, 1
classes are really burthened with :-Ist, Pro; 20%ilve
nufacturers buying articles in the raw stiLsaufw,risk•
from merchants purchasing from the %s h!l'ff,;,o
profit arises from London or wholesale hoiLl` retail
merchants; 4th, profit arises from amaofit lel '.
purchase from wholesale houses; sth, Prnsinlie'st , 0
tradesmen's exorbitant charges to the co„,it tO,,i
a just calculation, these five profits ilTai`inis Woes'
cent., or ten shillings in every ficeillY 'that ilottefir/
ciple so extravagant to the pockets nde,,o 00/
to one establishment where the
be enquired into to be thoroughly avo wet I
there is no rule without an exceptioa,n can eitis, io
national tailor and clothier, attisSeinr 111:02!,
ins at first cost, and where the PrnPri a alliloPeVetl/0
diate profits to pay; need we say that Ireet, iv
,A 14
High„stree,slol, 4 'fl •,sf1)00
63; Lortroa oche, isroo
manufactures extensively for own„„erblY Icc°l44
from the raw material to the ostaur then, a ersoo,
"one cost" and at " one pr L" This' piss
r VII
.1/0
vast success and the extraotdinary lOygis dell, 0, ,
/
afford to sell his clothing; in fact, n•
descriPtifoo.4 4,,,
public that he sells the most superior _inalle!inipto,
lower, infinitel lower,than any other der $ secirr Avi,
Argyll-street
di
charge for inferior. N ,we ask thej:s, g bilherilit
i
—Does it not sound t reason the ri_;han 0.,.,0
.o.
supplying the million °per cent. loWei anes--.-roirti, if,
he has ! and this hO unquestionably cote Oflorilanryr
pockets of all, more than any persor:
~,e, of .•ii elol6, ?
blishments in the nited Kingdom, vitra_strelt ;Pop,
church-street; verpool, 63 and 65, ',T"or.str 00,vip „
itettie ;thexnetenru, tliz9e3,of the mys .`"ring 80c1OV
HYAM having ltee *e of the largest ta!i0...4,00t, p 0
2i, Market stre ; Birmingham, 23, ''r • 102 So /1' oi
i
street ; Dublin 30, Dame-street ; 131.'-, gate les Nig°
Bristol, 6, Uni n-street ; Leeds, 42, /304 TnalcariP,a 411
oicol
ket-place—and all in active operatioll,_l;ery d,eireft„,'"d so,
while to manufacture his own goods or c.onfacto a.
.)
combining in himself the true title of In'intro't of opori
wholesale and retail vendor for his °virl er 10,11
Ano-) tie • ~,p, 1
spreading' temples of commerce- rigan „del #
we next take up : a tradesman in a iiramDera,,,t ~
like IIYAM, even not possessing th!lsbnplce-i5 01.10
can even then sell cheaper than sm'" one° to a',-
incidental and n nt ',-
have a shop, shopmen, gas. rent, , 030 urnS norte
incidental to business, which nearicse ret e op otp pi
larger shopkeeper (such as Hyam), P
; 'LOX at tohded4olo4lol/
a hundred times as much. Aga.", naboo OS -011 Y A
rience, the sound judgment, and thet ,fa
Ablisii•--,0) icsoool
prietor of twelve such mammoth
in making up goods, to a small trail coo,
,e. d ei
make a handful at once • why, it " "at " ,TclollP,Ore,
to a mountain. Whilst' purchasers4oolV,„ifig spelt
"deso3an' peep° /
Dave " small" choice to select from, of ontitife pre, . e
suited, and a much " smaller" one , 00P $0,1,110;0",
Let all, therefore, who would oniq'a;aone/011c,00 0
HYAM'S. Those who wish to thr is the r.od oi. VOW
should go to small tradesmen ; but it
br the Pro, tb`egoogr 0
patronise an establishment raised in retilmoe 14,0011
tants of this populous district, 1111%nd inirnti'd Ca' clo
pledges himself to work his talents
__use. sr .na
their benefit, and never forsake the c. „ow *
'
have proclaimed him the " national
great Britain." ; 1

0141;Pil
04 41° All
ti as
me
111:11,11. 411
th 2 big

ilt4t te
4 1%1 *ez
-"41.

ae
t 441 Ott
)141,,toatttin,,„
Qto)4*4
the Pct, lit„„ ell
tt tt L-4
llNlNfreit
IftitZ IQ°
01 49 -e xvk °at
%4
45%:' trkil, 01
t044,:t40:41.-h%"::ttidells..ll4t°llr;
1111 c
sugar
114kst• tkxvi
tp,tl, 41th he
91 'lia
ald adt,
1R 4,4Ptif 4oti ildt
tit
^tst ioa to ti ti
t.:4> th tl
4ittNi4 t 46
hi' N 44,44444