The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-08-13 00:00:00

HOUSE OF LORDS.7FRInAy.

The Poor's Relief Bill was read and passed ; the Duke of
Cambridge Annuity Bill, and Marlborough House Bill, were
severally read the second time.
Lord NiONTEAGLE gave notice that on Monday he should call
attention to the report of the select committee appointed to
inquire into the circumstances of the employment of Jo-
seph Byrne and others in procuring signatures to a petition
purporting to be a petition from the ratepayers of Liverpool
against the Liverpool Water-works Bill. The noble lord
moved that Charles Gream and Michael Alexander Gage he
summoned to attend at the Bar on that occasion. The motion
was agreed to.
In reply to a question from Lord BROUGHAM respecting the
Post-office,
The Marquis of CLANRICARDE stated that the committee
appointed to inquire into the existing regulations would make
their final report to-morrow.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE added that the Government
would take she earliest opportunity of making some better ar-
rangements than now existed, which had produced considera-
able inconvenience, and, in some instances, lamentable con-
sequences.
Lord BROUGHAM expressed his satisfaction at this amend-
ment.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—FRIDAY.
Mr. REYNOLDS gave notice that early next Session he should
propose a measure to place the manufacturers and dealers of
home-made spirit 3 on the same footing as regards all allowan-
ces for leakage and evaporation, as regards the importers and
dealers in Foreign and Colonial Spirits.
The Friendly Societies Bill was re-committed, with the ex-
ception of a new clause regarding salaries and expenses.
On the order of the day for going into Committee of the
whole house on the Crime and Outrages (Ireland) Bill,
Mr. REYNOLDS moved an amendment that the House go into
Committee on the bill this day three months.
A languid discussion followed, and the House divided, when
there appeared for going into Committee, 82; against it, 34;
majority, 48. The House then went into Committee on the
bill.
On the first clause, Mr. MooRE moved an amendment to the
effect that the operation of the bill be restricted to one year.
After a lengthened discussion the Committee divided, when
there appeared for the amendment, 34 ; against it, 75 ; majority,
41.—The bill consequently is to last until the end of 1851, and
the third reading was appointed for Monday.
In answer to Mr. B. BALL, Lord. 3. RUSSELL said the sub
ject of the monument to Sir It. Peel was not under considera-
tion, and lie could not say whether the principle of competi-
tion would be admitted in that case.
In reply to Mr. MacKiNxoN, Viscount EBRINGTON had
reason to believe that the exhalations from St. Margaret's
churchyard were not of recent date, and that the diarrhoea
with which some of the Officers of the house had been attacked
had nothing to do with the opening of the sewer at Westmin-
ster.
In answer to Mr. D'EvNcoußT, the same noble lord said
that the Commissioners of Sewers were preparing an extensive
and general system of drainage and sewerage for the metropo-
lis.
Mr. HumE then moved an address to the Crown for the ap-
pointment of a Royal Commission to prom eed to the lonian
islands and to inquire into the disturbances that had recently
taken place in the island of Cephalonia, and into the measures
taken by Sir H. G. Ward, the Lord High Commissioner, to
restore peace, and into the manner in which 44 persons were
sentenced to death, and 21 of them executed, and also into the
manner in which 92 persons were flogged, and others banished
from the island, without trial, and generally to institute an
inquiry into the causes of discontent in these islands' and to
recommend the best means of promoting their future peace
and welfare. The hon. gentleman entered at some length into
a review of the management of the affairs of the island by the
Lord High Commissioner, and reminded the Government that
when these islands were taken possession of, free institutions
and free government were promised to the inhabitants, but
these promises bad not been fulfilled. He contended that if
the real wants of the colony were known, and proper mea-
sures adopted, the rebellion and loss of life that bad taken
place would not have occurred.
Mr. HAWES vindicated the policy pursued by Sir H. Ward
in Cephalonia, and contended that in the disturbed state in
which the island was he was perfectly justified in taking the
most active, which were in this case the wisest and most
humane, steps to put down the insurrection. He pointed out
the progressive improvement of these islands, and the many
wise reforms which were introduced by Sir H. Ward, and con-
cluded by expressing his determination to support the motion.
After some further discussion, in which Mr. Hindley, Lord
Claude Hamilton, Sir de Lacy Evans, Mr. George Thompson,
and Mr. Anstey took part, Mr. Hume briefly replied, anti the
motion was negatived by a majority of 84 to 13.
On the motion of Mr. LABOUCHERE, leave was given to
bring in a bill to consolidate the laws relating to officers and
sca-nen of the merchant service.

NEW INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES IN PHOTOGRA-
PHY AND THE TALBOTYPE.—Sir D. Drewster, in his
inaugural address the other day to the British Association
at Edinburgh, said, I need not inform this meeting that
the art of taking photographic negative pictures upon
paper, was the invention of Mr. Fox Talbot, a distin-
guished member of this association. The superiority of
the Talbotype to the Daguerreotype is well known. In
the latter the pictures are reverted, and incapable of being
multiplied, while in the Talbotype there is no reversion,
and a single negative will supply a thousand copies, so
that books may now be illustrated with pictures drawn by
the sun. The difficulty of procuring good paper for the
negative is so great, that a better material has been
eagerly sought for ; and M. Niepce, an accomplished
officer in the French service, has successfully substituted
for paper a film of albumen, or the white of an egg, spread
upon glass. This new process has been brought to such per-
fection that these Talbotypes were universally regarded as
the finest that had yet been executed. Another process,
in which gelatine is substituted for albumen, has beenin-
vented, and successfully practised. Mr. Edmund Bec-
querel has succeeded in transferring to a Daguerreotype
plate the prismatic spectrum, with all its brilliant colour ;
and also, though in an inferior degree, the colours of the
landscape. These colours, however, are very fugaceods ;
yet, though no method of fixing them has yet been dis-
covered, we cannot doubt that the difficulty will be sur-
mounted, and that we shall yet behold all the colours of
the natural world transferred by their own rays to surfaces
both of silver and paper. But the most important fact in
photography is the singular acceleration of the process
discovered by M. Niepce, which enables him to take the
picture of a landscape illuminated by diffused light, in a
single second, or at most in two seconds. By this process
he obtained a picture of the sun on albumen so instan-
taneously, as to confirm the remarkable discovery, pre-
viously made by M. Arago, by means of a silver plate,
that the rays which proceed from the central parts of the
sun's disc have a higher photogenic action than those
vhich issue from its margin.