The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1833-01-08 00:00:00

he tNyo most powerful nations of Europe,7—England
it ranee,--in assertion of their choice ; and, in the
he of justice, freedom and common sense, what right ,
l'e we to say, that they shall not have the king *lioth
Phave chosen ?
theie remartS, we have no idea. Of charginf the
.. .
glishConxicils with any factious and interme dling
ribition.. They may have been involved in the dispute
'the original weakness of Mr. Canning's intervention.
''icy, and by the new systeM of flattering the French
jerninent. We speak of .the WhOe transaction, not
'the spiri_k- of party,. but in the common sense of every-
' life. With the Portuguese choice of the sitter. on
e throne; England has, unquestionably, no right what-
er to interfere. But in one point, we must beWare
it we Ste, however unconsciously, draWing a
.degree
guilt upon ourselves; and that point is, the present
eetice•of raising soldiers- for the Portuguese contest.
6 man has a rikhrto shed the brood of man Mit in self
LWnee, or for the protection of the weak, and this lat
only in extreme Cases. • The soldier fighting for hiS
ry fights virtually in Self•deferice. .But who can
the recruits that are going off daily to fight in Por-
•1, in the liSt of self-defenders ? We are not at war
To Portugal as a nation, vet do we not sanction, by
winking at the act; the crime of men going,to shoOt
uguese for .their pay ? The Saine rule which now
's tie British recruit to fight in Portugal would sane-
murder on the high road. The highwayman shootS
' for what he can get- by it. What perstmal feeling
the British half-pay oiflcer; ,or the cothinori soldier,
e in a quarrel between two Portuguese princes ? His
ag is, notoriously and simply, a desire to be em-
,ed, to get pay and promotion, and for that purpoSe
beds the blood of Portuguese officers and soldiers ;-
.tigers, whom he would never meet but for thus seeking
r blood; and with whom he haS no more national or
'anal quarrel than with the_ man in the moon. Be-
' all doubt, this act of utterly unprovoked and unneces-
aggression in the individual, ismurder--murder in the
of God and man. In this statement, we advocate
cause no more of Don Miguel than of Don Pedro.
arking in the service of either, the British officer
iild be equally criminal. , Our government may not
tthle to prevent the entering of private and military
•ons into the quarrels of foreign countries. But over
half-pay list it has a hold; and if it shall suffer a sin-
individual to raise men in this country for either
y, it, beyond all controversy, puts itself into a posi-
tof belligerency. On this head we shall rejoice to
- our policy retracted. If the Portuguese princes will
'thine to present to Europe a spectacle unpretedented.
ang all the frightful, disgusting, and guilty spectacles
later times,_ two brothers seeking each other's blood ;
the British take the only part suitable to a wise and
'cal people, let the British nation distinctly refuse to
'an accomplice in this hideous exhibition ;, or, if We
t exert our power, let us exert it to conciliate and
Tease, and put forth our intervention to stop a contest,
deli outrages every public interest, every principle of
' anity, and every command of religion.
The exact state of the question this.. Befere 'the
'tli of the late King John the Sixth, Don Pedro had;
an act of direct revolt, declared Brazil independent of.
hugal, and himself Emperor. On the death of the
King, in 1826, the Portuguese nation; notwithstand-
the revolt, offered their croWn to Don Pedro,' on
ition of his returning to Portugal, which, by the
lent laWs, was essential to his possession of the throne.
a throne then, by those laws, came to the second son
the late King, but that son was a prisoner in Austria
regency was appointed in this emergency, by the in-
ace of Don Pedro, at the head of which was his sister,
Infanta, which regency was suffered only in copse-
!nee of ie annexed condition; that on the second son's
' ring at the age of twentyfive, that son should assume
regency; a-provision which notoriously pointed out
ri Miguel, lie being twenty-three at the time, but in-
'able of the throne by reason of his being in captivity.
t even with this proviso the national discontent grew
violent, that it produced the insurrection and invasion,
'jell were put down only by the British troops sent out
Mr: Canning, on the pretext that, as coming from
in, they constituted a Spanish invasion. It was thus
rid necessary to release Don Miguel, and appoint him
gent in order to quiet the public tumultsi.and preserve
Ly show of dependence on l3on Pedro. But with this
rlainal Sovereign the Portuguese nation were not con-
it. They considered a regency to bean acknowledg-
'at of dependence on a power which had constituted
lf altogether a: separate . and foreign state. With a
rfectly justifiable national feeling, they refused' to sat-
the colony to become the dispbser of the parent state;
d they, in .182, proclaimed Don. Miguel king, for the
re object of national independence, and in undoubted
tisistency with the spirit of their *hole code of laws
erring to the throne. Don Pedro now; for the•purpose
shaking Don Miguel's succession' transferred to his
'ltgliter,tDonna Maria, a right which existed no longer,
having alienated it from himself, and set her up as a
'al to the prince of the national choice. The Portu-
ese 'nation, still considering that the government of a
Ai must be but a contrivance for keeping . the country
'der the jurisdiction of the father, and being justified
the laws of the Cortes, rejecting theforeign king and
descendants, refused to receive her 'as their Queen ;
Zd have armed in defence of the sovereign whom they
'',c'se, certainly without' any intervention of foreign aid,
.!r Whom 'they are now fighting, and whom they. have
therto shown no tendency whatever, under all their
Iktptations, to abjure.
41t is evident that Don Pedro; without his, foreign brig-

-s, and his foreign money, could not stay an hour in
°rtugal; it is equally clear that Don Miguel is fighting
'th no other strength than the force of the country. It
equally rt
t clear that a continuance of the struggle Ca
alienate Portugal from England, distutb Spain with
s of revolution abetted by England, and, as the result,
-e them both listen to the first overtures from Austria
Russia, as conservatives of the•old European system,
ease of that war which now 'seems to-menace Europe.
'e character of the • indiVidohlii§'cOmpa,ratively unim
Ittant to the question. The only point for England to
Sider is, whether she canha'Ve any right to dictate the
°ice of 'a sovereign to an independent nation.—Black-
"d'.v Magazine.

JtE flEcrcinEs.—The details of that ravel tragedy (the trial
sentence of King Charles) Bare no rjlatiou to a naval bio7
Yiy, further than to record; that not one seaman Was a party in
tieath, who was a contempttrazy_lwitness of its enaction, has
.us in his chronicle,
.which,embraces all those details, a minute.
'''ltgue of the name, qUality; and deY6riptidii orevery'iudivi-
al acted as a member of tbetriblintil 16 Which royal life
aba.ndoned:" That catalogue consists, of one ecclesiastic, 14
qiers, eight lawyers, three eitizenalme'but!.her, two brewers,
luerchant; ono chandler,' two goiilsinith one shOpkeeper,
tWo.linen4lrapers, oue woollens, draper, one shoe-
'Wenone salter's apprentice,. tout civilians without' pro-
'loll or trade in' all 7.B,•pettens4'or 150 that had been

iolailtated for - that- revoltingtfunetion - but -not one seaman:
, 54e1 Deane(one Of the four teen Soldiers enumerated), whom
f),l/Iwell afterwards _sent -.to Command and control the fleet,
;'i at that time a stranger to the fleet, and the fleet to him.
;p4,reildon, indeed, writing-largely, calls him ' a mere seaman,
,'lvrtt from a common mariner to the reputation of a bold-and
'klt,-ellent officer;' but Heath who wrote with more minuteness
h"! more knowledge of the truth,- states, ',be was formerly a
j/,41411's servant at Ipswich-; and when the war began was a
"r°, ss in the train of artillery, and ruso to a Captain's com-
-1,(1 therein, and was :famous at the siege of Exeter; and
'lng a cross fellow, was thought fit- to be one of Cromwell's
N-n
Mmriplices to execute his plOts against his sotereign's life:—
'fle oriat,s of Sir William Penn.
!