The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-07-16 00:00:00

RIthUCITION OF MERCANTILt INSURANCE.—The cli-

rector,: of the Liverpool Foiet.lP,l ' Cot;pa-
ny have i,44,-11 a circular, m wIH h tht-y state, that the
time has arrived warn they think thetro.eLes justified in
reducing, in some important resp:icts, the nit•is or mer-
cantile itaarancet in Liverpool, and in restoring to the
commuoity many of the facilities for buiiness of which
they have lately been deprived. The new rates and regu-
lations accompany the circular.

as Mr. Hind, one of the commission-
ers AFFRAY
.AT BIRKENHEAD.—About eight o'clock, on
'was walking along Abbey-street, in
that township, he. was stopped by a party of drunken car-
penters. from Liverpool, who pulled him about and ap-
peared determined to commit an assault upon the gentle-
man, when a constable came up and endeavoured to ap-
pease the tumult. 'They, however, set upon the officer,
took from him his stick. and struck him severely in the
head arid sweral parts of his holy. A number of the po-
lice then male their appearance and succeeded in appre-
hending two of the most drunken and violent of the fel-
lows, who were brought. up before the magistrates on ''a-
turday, and folly corninrted to take their trial at the aP-
oachina Knutsrord sessions for having assaulted the
officer in the execution of his duty.
THE TWELFTH OF JULY.—On Saturday, a young but
lusty female was brought before Mr. Rushton, on a charge
of having attempted to create a riot, in Gloucester-street,
the day before. inspector Campbell sated that she was
in the -centre of a large mob, and that she was using all
her eff ,rts to induce them to break into the Commercial-
hall at the time the Orangemen wee assembling there for
the purpose of walking in procession to St. John's Church.
Her langua4e, he said, was of the most exciting and
shocking character, and
i a very serious row was appre-
hended. The prisoner, n her defence, said she had been
at the market to buy a basket of cherries, and that when
she saw such an immense crowd in Glou-
esehse came out,
ter-streethat she was induced to go and see what was
the matter. When she reached the street she heard a
woman, dressed in a jacket and trowsers, declare that she
was ready to lick any Orangeman; and, for having laughed
at the woman's dress and language, sire was taken into
custody. The prisoner was remanded, and, we believe,
discharged at a late period of the day.

IMPORTANT TO PERSONS BECOMING SURETIES IN
LOAN SOCIETIES.—Mr. Forbes of the Tradesmen's Loan
Society, Great Crosshall-street, appeared before the
magistrates, on Thursday. to apply fur orders, in a great
number of cases, for payment from persons who had been
sureties for defaulting borrowers from the society. The
orders were granted in all cases where it was shown that
the par ies had signed the hood of repayment. The re-
plies made by nearly the whole of the sureties went to
show that a general misunderstanding had prevailed of
the responsinility they had taken upon themselves; the
bonds for repayment having been signed with understand-
ing that the bail was only liable in cases where the b.r-
rower fa led, and, even in these cases, that they were
bound jointly, and, not severally. Mr. Rushton said this
was altogether a mistaken opinion, as the terms of agree-
ment were "severally lii.ble." In two cases the persons
summoned as bail stated positively that they had never
signed the agreements at all, and it being admitted by the
officers of the society that forgcries had been imposed
upon them, the orders for payment were of course not
granted. In some of the cases it was said that the bor-
rowers were in circumstances to repay. Mr. Rushton
sa d he certainly thought in such cases the borrower ought
first to be proceeded against. In answer, it was said the
sureties were taken, owing to doubt existing of the word-
ing of the act applying to the burrower. In answer to a
question from Mr. Rushton, It was stated that the average
weekly amount lent from each loan society, of which there
ate fourteen or fifteen in town, is from £2OO to £250.
SAVAGE ASSAULT.—MichaeI Regan, an Irishman, was
charged before Mr. Rushton, on Thursday, with having
savagely assaulted Patrick (;andon, another Irishman, on
Sunday, the 30th June'. The inquiry had been postponed
in consequence of the complainant being unable to appear
to give evidence from the injuries he had received. In-
spector Abraham stated, that owing to the dread in which
the prisoner and his party were held in the neighbour-
hood, he had not bean able to produce other evidence
than that of the complainant himself. The complainant
stated that, on the night of the assault, he was going down
Lace-street, when he was assailed by a shower of bricks.
The prisoner was one of the persons who threw at him,
and, after doing so, he followed him and strui k him
across the head with a heavy sharp cutting instrument.
He deposed that the assault was altogether unprovoked on
his part. A surgeon from the hospital descrl)ed the
wounds inflicted upon the complainant to be of a very
serious nature. Mr. Davenport, for the prisoner, called
several witnesses, but their statements were so much at
variance with the clnsisteney of truth that Mr. Rushton
said they were not worthy of credence. Inspector Abra-
ham said the prisoner and his party carried the whole
sway of Lace-street; the complainant certainly belonged
t a rival party, but not near so powerful a one; and,
owing to the jealousy existing between them, there was
continual wai fare going on. which might terminate seri-
ously. Mr. Rushton sa d the conduct of the people
residing in Lace. street and the street adjoining was most
shockii.g ; they appeared to be actuated by a spit it un-
governable and reckless as that of the wildest savages.
The prisoner must pay a fine of £5, or, in default, be
imprisoned two months, and find sureties, himself in £4O
and two of £2O each.

IMPROVED BREAKWATERS. AR interesting discus-
sion took place, a few evenings since, at the British arid
Foreign Institute, relative to a great improvement in the
principle of breakwaters. The projector, Mr. W. H.
Smith, civil engineer, stated, that any breakwater, how-
ever constructed, if of sufficient size, would disseminate
the waves of the sea as lo ig as it withstood its shock ;
but no fixed moorings had hitherto been found to hold a
breakwaler in a gale of wind, as, when the chains or
cables were drawn taught with the force of the current,
the waves struck the breakwater with a dead shock and
tore it from its hold. Thus engineers had long had their
attention drawn to spring or elastic cables; for if the
effect on a ship, a piece of timber, or any other body
were observed without mooring in a stormy sea, it would
be driven a few feet with the wave and break it up
more or less, propottioned to its bulk, and so still
further with each additional wave, until it was at last
driven on shore. Mr. Smith. for the first time effected
th;!; yielding-mooring with, at the same time, elas-
ticity to bring the s•ction back to its former position
as soon as the wave had spent irs force upon the
breakwater, so that the pressure would be nothing more
than would be deemed advisable by contracrieg such
elasticity. This was effected by the 1;03 simple cnntri
ranee. A counterbalance was attached to the centre of
the mooring., allowing the breakwet r twenty or thirty
fret of yielding motion, µ lilt a power of reaction for bting-
ing it back to Its former posit on. The form be proposes
for his sections is simply a plain or flat surface, so moored
in the water th t, like ft kite in the a'r, the tendency of
the sea would be to lift it upward; rather flu,' depress it
as it was struck by the wave. [lt is pro' ale that these
elastic moorings might be found tff anal in bold ng our
lightships in their pus'tions during the severe pa'es which
sometimes visit these ro.ists. The su ject is worthy the
attention of the Dock Committee.]

GALLANT CAPTURF OF Foun TIIIEVcS.—We seldom
remember to have heard r f a more t capture of tout
notorious thieves, or one that reflects gre our credit on the
police-officers who had the managemer t of it, than took
place in Spt ingfiehl• slreet, in this town, on the morning
of Saturday last. It appeared 1114, hi twt en th- hours of
ten and eleven o'clock, on Saturday week, Constable
Lloyd observed two fellows in the art of trying to open,
with a skeleton key, the hall-door of a large, handsome
house in the street in question, occupied by Mr. Morgan,
a coal-merchant, and situated immediately opposite Tri-
nity Church. Having failed in the attempt, they went
away; but Lloyd, instead of arresting them upon the in-
stant, repaired to the house in the course r fthe day, ascer-
tained that the whole of the family were from home at the
time the attempt was made upon the hall-door, acquainted
them with what he had witnessed, said he had every reason
to believe another attempt would he made at the same hour
upon the following Saturday, and took his measures ac-
cordingly. The result proved that he was not amiss in his
calculations. On Saturday last, thrt e constables, namely,
Kehoe, Halsall, and Sale, entered the house at an early
hour, and took up the positions respectively assigned to
each. Kehoe was placed under the kitchen stairs, Hal-
sna, !la ieninasectu.pbcoaanrdstuabolesstaii_,rlsto,yadnadnSdacleni„nnairn,gobthaenz; ;:eurnpbaoinaerdd
in a tea shop at the opposite side of the street ; and as
ten o'clock approached, Mr. Morgan's family, as usual
who had
bSeheonrtalty
taifteterp,ialn,eloyend
1'
'e went
btafueirietirlonot Marrow, m
ineffectually,
a joinedp h t
prooa e
of
to
lie I h
nispaeclnlo
ndiiotpoawrn,iitoahnnsda
Saturday, and who is a notorious thief,
edt
hi
neg s
a
observedu
thep°np rSaturdays,
e
stnierfeeet do
enn:d eei vi.aomuiri Me
who was close at hand, and who is another notorious thief
named James Owen. The latter took the key from him,
and succeeded in opening the door. They both entered,'
closed the door after them, went into the front parlour,
broke open a writing-desk, and abstr-cted some loose
articles it contained. They then proceeded to a bed-room,
up stairs, where they found £2. is. 6d. in a dressing-case,
and put the money, which had been previously marked.
and can therefore be identified, into their pockets. They.
next picked the locks of several drawers in the vari-
ous bed-rooms, and afterwards packed up the contents,
which consisted of silks, satins, jewellery, and other
articles of a very considerable amount in value; but, just
as they were about to descend the staircase with the booty,
Halsall sprang from his biding place and knocked Owen
down with a blow of a pair of handcuffs. We regret to
say that Halsall accidentally tell at the same moment and
slightly injured himself. The two fellows then made for
the hall-door, but, by the time they bad reached it, Kehoe
and Sale followed and arrested them. They made little
or no resistance, but begged for mercy, and said they
would go quietly to prison. In the meantime, Lloyd and
Cunningham arrested two of their accomplices, Henry
Bailey and Richard Soley, who had been in company with
them previously, and who were keeping watch outside the
house. The whole four were immediately taken to
Bridewell, and were brought up before Mr. Rushton yes-
terday, along with another, who gave his name, as we
believe, Richard Hopkins ; and the evidence was gone
into, subtantiating the facts already stated, with some few
additional particulars, chiefly respecting Sorley, who had
been seen about the time in Springfield-street, St. Anne-
street, and the neighbourhood. He, however, brought up
evidence (through Mr. Davenport) to show that he was
waiting for a Mr. Bullen, a proprietor of houses in the
neighbourhood ; that
he had gone to two houses to inquire
for him ; and that he had no connection with the thieves.
A Mr. Kent, a respectable milk .house keeper, with whom
Mr. Bullen lodged when he was in town, confirmed great
part of this testimony ; and Mr. Rushton accordingly
discharged him. Bailey has only just come out of prison,
after having been incarcerated twelve months; Owen is
about four months out, after having served two years ; and
Marrow has been repeatedly in gaol. The fourth prisoner,
Soley, is not quite so well known to the police as are the
others.

LAMENTABLE DESTITUTION.—On Friday, a woman,
named Bridget Trayner, Orange-s-reet, was brought be-
fore Mr. Rushton, charged with ncgler t of her children.
Three young children had been found the previous even-
ing-, entirely irked, wand, ring alma Tithe b irn-street.
They had been taken to Mr. Grey, of the Parish-office,
and he had sent them to the Workhouse. It was stated
by the constable that the woman was a beggar and seller
ho olde c, optahtei
ns ,n a,r
hd
et ha when
door
t was she left.
Pocked,
left. her h o
and the
to
ee
children,ollow
whom her poverty prevented clothing, were left alone in
the house. The consequsnce had been, that two of them,
one being a child still at the breast, had been burnt in a
most dreadful manner. The prisoner stated that she was
too poor to provide her offspring with either food or cloth-
ing ; but it was stated that her husband was in the receipt
or 16s. per week. and the case was referred to the Parish-
office, until further inquiries be made.
THE POLYTECHNIC.—The " transactions of the Liver-
pool Polytechnic Society for 1843" are now published in
the farm of a neat pamphlet, and a perusal of the work
cannot fail to gratify our scientific townsmen, and will,
we trust, induce such of them as have not yet enrolled
themselves as members, or contributed to the general
stock of information which it is the object to elicit and in-
crease, to do credit to themselves, and to the locality, by
coming forward at the termination of the present vacation
iii September next. This is the second annual publica-
tion issued by the society, and, without disparagement
to the higher efforts of similar bodies in the metropolis
and other towns, we feel proud of its appearance, as
evincing a rapid approach to the more general study of
those useful and ingenious arts that ennoble and enrich
any country, and, in the march of science over the
civil zed world, have become especially essential in this.
We know of no town, moreover, that holds out greater
inducements than this to their pursuit. We are the
very midst of steam navigation, and our very evening walks
are beginning to he intersected with railways. We are
ovveeninvitedrti atinl
set o all ,
wtnorelsndol
ort s of improvements,
gr
nm.tttheer
;d,rra,
loet
when
the
discoveries,ewaodrdi
d a
nd
n fn
thatd
mindtihn e-
meetings of the society are held in the elegant lecture-
theatre of the Royal Institution ; that the annual sub-
scription is comparatively small ; and that the lectures
and discussions are conducted in that friendly and cour-
teous manner which ever marks the conduct of genuine
gentlemen and men of science,—we need add nothing
more to induce an accession of members to the already
numerous and respectable ranks of the society. Tee pre-
sent number of the "Transactions" is prefaced by a
brief view of the objects, the report of the council, the
laws of the society, list of the members, &c. Copious
abstracts of the papers read during the year occupy, of
course, the greater part. Amongst these are many of a
most interesting character—on the Preservation of Docu-
ments from Fire—on Combustion of Gas—on the Town
Improvements of Liverpool—On the Christaline arrange-
ment of Metals—on Modern Architecture—Voltaic Ar-
rangements, and Improvements in Working Metals—the
Consumption of Fuel in Locomotives—Metallic Bearings
of the same—Steam Navigation and the Screw-propeller,
&c. The society was instittved in 1838, and besides its
town supporters has many corresponding members who
stand high in general science, discovery, and chemistry.
INQUESTS.— Three inquests were held before the
borough coroner on Saturday. The first was on the body
of Thomas Wilde, a ginger-beer manufacturer, residing
in Wolfe•street. It appeared, from the evidence of a
number of witnesses, that, between the hours of four and
five o'clock, on Friday afternoon, the deceased went into
a public-house in Gore-street, Toxteth-park, leaving his
shandry. containing ginger- beer, at the door, and his son.
a little boy. standing at the head of the ho se. In a
minute or two alter, a man walked out of the public-
house, and, jumping upon the box of the shandry, was
aoing to drive off, when the little boy called out " Father,
father, they're going to take the shandry away." The
deceased immediately came out of the house, and the
man on the box jumped off and ran away. At this mo-
mmt there happened to be a man of the name of Wilde,
though no relative of deceased (since in custody), stand-
ing about twenty yards from the shandry, and the deceased
supposing him to be the person who had been on the box,
went towards him and gave him a slap on the face. The
prisoner appeared ta hesitate for a few seconds as to how
he should resent the injury; but, just as the deceased was
in the act of turning round to go away, the prisoner struck
him a blow somewhere about the back of the neck which
laid him motionless upon the ground. The prisoner then
walked slowly away, but was shortly atter arrested. The
deceased was removed to his residence, where he died about
five o'clock on that (Saturday) morning. As Mr. Alex-
ander Hay, surgeon, was unable to account for death,
without fist instituting a post mortem examination, the
inquest was adjourned until yesterday morning. and the
prisoner was remanded to Bridewell.—Yesterday the in-
quest was resumed. Mr. Alexander hay being called,
further said, he had made a post mortem examination of
the body, and found extravasation of blood on the surface
of the brain, also a wcun 1 on the back and right side
ofthe
Hetl
m lowerlip, and
an
considered
the
wound might be the result of a fall. Extravasation of
blood-vessels might be the resu't of natural causes, as
,o,ait woundwnnd. in
external scalp,
contusiontoge h e r N
fl. hth
well as of a fall. From the disordered stare of the mern-
branes of the brain, he thought the deceased had been
subject to fits. A violent fit of passion might have pro-
duced extravasation. Judging from the apaearances alone,
he was of opinion that extravasation was set up by the
fall. The prisoner, on his voluntary examination, (and
after due caution,) said, that on Friday evening week, he
was going along Bailey-street, when he saw a man get out
of a shandry—a boy having hold of the reins. The man
wanted to drive it on, but the boy prevented him, and
called "Father" several times. Deceased tben came out
of a public-house, and the man got out of the shandry.
Deceased then came up to him (prisoner), and struck him
in the face, and knocked him down. He (prisoner) then
turned in his passion and struck him (deceased) once
only, and he fell. He (prisoner) then went away,
not thinking deceased was nmeh hurt. He walked
slowly along, as far as St. Michael's Church, in
Pitt-street, when he heard some people running, and, on
turning his head, found them close upon him. He was
taken back again to the public-house deceased bad come
out of, and found him bleeding to death. Seeing he was in-
jured about the head, he (prisoner) said several times he
was very sorry for it. Deceased, be said, was very much
in drink, which was the cause of his falling, and not
the blow. [ Ile prisoner signed his deposition, but in
a very irregular end rather ill, gilde hand. It did not ap-
pear that he was any relation of the deceased. Tire name
of the deceased was given with a final e; that of the pri-
soner was signed without it.] '1 he Coroner having summed
up with great pe
"rspicuity, the jury returned a verdict of
•• Manslau2hteragainst the prisoner, and lie was com-
mitted to Kirkdale Gaol for trial at the Assgetr. The se-
cond inquest was on the body of John Jones, which was
found, about five o'clock that mornina, floating past the
flat Harriet, at present lying in the Clarence Dock. The
body was immediately taken to the Sescombe slip,and re-
moved to the dead-house. In the pockets were found a
letter, a pair of spectacles, a pocket hatidaerchief, and a
few cards. Their were no marks of violence on the body.
It appeared that the deceased, who was about sixty-two
or sixty-three years of age, lived in Llewellyn-terrace,
Lambert-street; that he lett his house, in a perfectly so-
ber state, about half-past ten o'clock tne night before for
the purpose of taking a short walk, and that nothing more
was heard of him until he was found floating in the man-
ner descrilied.—The third inquest was on the body of
Esther Bibby, a child about five years a-kcl four rnonths
oil. who resided with her parents in Charters-street. On
sitting in a wheelbarrow, the legs of which were in the
Friday evening the deceased and another little girl were
channel and the wheel towards the middle of the street.
While in this position, one of the parish carts came down
the street, at a slow rate, with the driver at the head of
the horses, and the off wheel went against the barrow and
upset it. The deceased was thrown out, and the wheel
went over her head, crushing it in such a manner that she
died instantly. As the driver was not in a position to see
the barrow, he was exonerated from blame. Verdicts in
accordance with the evidence were returned in both the
latter cases.

a: i
atthoeryelements
mc air;
ilypelsraeyuc rpheittio his
THE GREAT WIZARD'S VISIT.—This "extraordinary
'c at the Theatre Royal, Church-street,
fated hand their
everyiisti evening during this week. We have heard that,
lcobonemignp_gse
during his late protracted absence from this town, ancient
books, dreadful caverns, and inaccess ble err gs hate been
tip: phenomena"
erhdei tto revealannndo umn announced
mysterious
ceduli
have prved obedient to the call, and succumbed to the
will of the dread magician. Nor have thrse marvellous
researches ended here. The new and abstruse sciences—
which terrorise the ignorant and appal the learned—are
converted into " empty nothingness' when passing under
the supernatural eye of this leviathan of magic. With
the self-sufficiency of one unawed by vulgar wonders, and
charlatan discoveries, rendered ultra sapient by their
almost unpronounceablecognomens, the " Wizard" throws
off the mask, and announces that, by the aid of the
" palengic cauldron," he has discovered clairvoyance to
be a " humbug," and the cold water mania a " delusion."
We really rejoice that we exist during the era in which
this " extraordinary wizard" walks the earth. It is in-
deed a " consummation devoutly to be wished" and
envied. For the other wonderful feats.—See advertise-
ment.

ma
apNno Eur
twfiaocntßuoitrfeAi
azt
smmeoiouAnnr
te
ntTot
sAai tba ior Feu:
communicate urc oncpiecynattoeafddt bivnea
otahrr e
mei ff
I,ub ca
lut
pre-
pared by the Brazilian government has been received, and
papers. The duties at present levied on articles of British
this principle of uniformity will not be followed in the
new tariff, as the duties are made to range from 22 to 60
per cent. The new tariff takes effect in November.
THE PROPERTY TAX.—NEW PROyISIONs.—On Wed-
nesday, the government bill to continue compositions for
assessed taxes, and to amend certain laws relating to
duties under the management of the Commissioners of
Stamps and Taxes, was printed. It contains three pro..
visions in regard to the property tax, which are embraced
in the general title of the measure. By the third section
privilegedan d theh
ot dutiesother
places, under b
hey
Pro-
perty
rea-
son
t isnug d ffi e
hp letsi esa
rree sepxetcrtai
pgatrhoe.
ccithoilall, or included in any place for which separate assess-
red ttoa di re ct
nwiet nwh
n a te
xd
t s tsreiccttiso n da
nari s hes i vii-
ments for duties have been usually made, and it is pro-
posed that the Commissioners of Stamps should be em-
th
ec
of Tt appearso
danx doubts
uof Act,bts that
a assessed
there
i s n
to diversareta x
whether existing
leged and oer places r i
s the all be C
rated to thep
y omission
assessed l
and
p o
propertywe x. Under
previous assessments in privileged places may be supplied.
And, in the following, any thing omitted by the Commis-
sioners, or that may be hereafter omitted, may be ordered
and shall be as binding as if made at the time when it
should have been made; and, further, that any persons
selected by the Commissioners to be an assessor—such
refusal., having greatly impeded the execution ottlie.act--,--
shall be liable to be fined £lO, which tie iiii,lcr.be.-re{,
covered and applied in the same way eau illy:other fine
under the said acts.
. •

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11: `''' 3` • " Z.1'....* ,% I 7.1 ....,
1- •-_,.',. IV "... ri
4'. t--;___---:-,,
,)

east intitts.

Will be despatched on the sth August,
For MADRAS,
`PA The Ship F ' TES,
EDGAR COR • LL, Commander
bts excePent accommodati. for passengers. For terms
of freight or passage ap' y to Messrs. BARTON, IRLAM
and HIGGINSON, or t.
W. N. MOO " & BROTHER, 4, India-buildings.

First vessel.—Having much cargo engaged, will be de-
spatched immediate y, with whatever goods may offer.
'4:: For BOMBAY,
Ay,. The fine oak-built Barque CAMILLUS,
A 9
ri
It ,. .' . I. 5 I
JAMES ASHTON, Co wander,
- (Who is well acguai with the trade;)
A 1, being only two rears old ; tons ; coppered ; a re-
markably fast sailer, havirg lade her last passage to Rio
in 46 days, and from B lay in 104, and superior con-
veyance both for good and pas4engers.—For trims, &c.
apply on board, v; es s!de Prince's Dock ; to Messrs. It.
tfrr
and A. HENDERSON, Or to

W. and J. TYRER.

Will be despatched positively on the 25th instant.
For CALCUTTA,
The fine Liverpool-built Ship
OTTERSPOOL,
J. G. WICKMAN, Commander ;
A 1; 400 tons register ; ;ails remarkably
fast ; offers an excellent goods, and has

first-rate accommodation;
freight or passage apply
and Co., Merchants, or
W. N. MOO

—For terms of
LYLOR, POTTER,

4, India Buildings.
Will be succeeded by the fine A 1 Liverpool-built Ship
MARY SOIIERVILLE.

and copper s
t oppor ity for
is fo assengers.
y Messrs. TA'
to
ORE and BROI