The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-09-10 00:00:00

POLITICAL MISCELLANY.

Lord George Manners and Mr. Sergeant Byles are to
be two of the candidates for Cambridgeshire.
Mr. Cowling, the barrister, is at present the only can-
didate for Cambridge University : Mr. Walpole has de-
clined to Etind.

Rumour states that Sir Joshua Walmsley has accepted
office under Government. If so, he will say little for the
future about financial reform.

There are now three seats in the House of Commons
vacant by deaths, since the close of the parliametkary
session. They ire, the University of Cambridge, the
borough of Poole, and the county of Hereford.

Mr:J. Gordon has addressed the electors of Poole. He
is in favour of Free Trade, though an extensive land-
owner ; and in his address he says, "You may depend on
my not giving one drop of wine or beer to any voter what-
ever."

THE PRESSURE ult, TAXATIO'N.-Of the 16,000,000
inhabitants of Great Britain, only 108,000 keep male ser-
vants ; 152,000 pay duty for horses, and 26,000 for car-
riages with four wheels ; 487,( 00 houses pay the window.
tax, and there are 3,000,000 houses which do not pay.
Mr. Booker, of Velindra House, near Cardiff, a promi-
nent champion of the Protectionist cause in Hereford.
shire and Glamorganshire, is mentioned as the probable
successor of the late Mr. Bailey in the representation of
the county of Hereford.
__

The great " six points" parliament man, Mr, Feargus
O'Connor, appeared before his constituents at Notting-
ham on Monday last, to go through the annual farce of
an election; after haranguing the rabble for upwards of
an hour, from a waggon in the market-place, his re-
election was proposed, and, of course, carried unanimously.
Sir William Napier has stepped forward and addressed
the public on the subject of the resignation of Sir Charles.
Sir William denies the stories in circulation about the
actual facts of the resignation, but admits that " the real
cause of that step was a difference between %ir Charles
and the Marquis of Dalhousie on a vital point of public
interest, accompanied by eircumstan,ces which rendered
it imperative upon Sir Charle's to resign."

SAFETY OF PAPER MONEY.—One objection to paper
money was that It would be issued in excess by private
bankers. Suppose a man of known wealth applied to a
hanker for £l,OOO, to meet an emergency. If the banker
knew the man to be refflly solvent, and he was eager to
push out his notes (for this was implied in the hypothesis
of over-issue), he would say, " You shall have £l,OOO ; ,
but allow me to offer you £5,000 instead." The man's
own prudence would cause him to put to himself the ques-
tion, " Why should I take 4,5,000, when 41,000 will
answer my purpose ?" and this prudence would check the
desire of over-issue on the part of the banker. In a re-
verse case, the banker's prudence would step in, and here'
would be a siroklar corrective to the desire flOr over-issue.
In fact, a balance would always be exactly and strictly
kept; and no more money could get into circulation than
was absolutely necessary.—Mr. Duncan's Lecture.
THE DIPLOMATIC SERVICE.—The Times calls in ques-
tion altogether the utility of these establishments, at least
in a great number of instances :—" We should be greatly
edified if some ono would ekplain to us the mysteries of
state which at this present moment, or at any moment,
may occupy the mind of our worthy representative at
Stuttgart, for example, or at any one of the German
states. Why should there be at every petty court a sort
of court gossip writer—a collector of idle scandal, a repor-
ter whose duty it is to pry into all the intrigues, whether
of love or politics, and despatch a scandalous chronicle by
every post to our Foreign Office ? Where a court exists,
there we seem to think a minister necessary, simply be-
cause we have never asked ourselves the question—for
what object is a minister needed ? Have we commercial
relations at Stuttgart, or Munich even, whioh require in-
vestigation ? Are there at this moment questions of dif-
ference between the courts of Bavaria and England which
require to be settled ? If there be, let them be immedi-
ately stated and arranged ; but do not let the money of
the English people, earned at the expense of many hours
of toil, and mere of anxiety and sorrow, be wasted in the
idle folly called diplomatic intercourse. The state mys-
teries are but a blind to hide idleness; there is, in fact,
nothing to do • but there are people who want to be paid
for doing nothing."
WILL PAPER MONEY DEPRECIATE ?—lt had been ob-
jected that paper money would depreciate, in consequence
of being issued in excess ; but this never could be the
case, so long as the issue was limited to the annual
amount of taxation. Again, it never could depreciate in
its own nature, so long as the crown kept faith with the
public ; for the crown would be compelled to take back,
in payment of taxes, the identical instruments with which
it had, in the first instance, discharged its liabilities. This
would, therefore, keep up the national pound of the coun-
try at a uniform, inflexible value; and to assume that the
crown, after having issued paper money, would demand
gold in payment of taxes, was simply to assume that the
compact between the rulers and the ruled was broken—
that when protection to the subject was refused, allegiance
was no longer due—in fact, it assumed a revolution, and
was an hypothesis not to be intruded into an argument of
a purely fiscal character. We certainly had this descrip-
tion of money, in principle, in daily circulation amongst
us; there was scarcely an individual who did not handle
it every day, in the shape or form of a postage stamp.
The gross revenue of the post-office was two millions a-
year, and the whole might be collected by the means of
postage stamps. The stamp, in itself, was intrinsically
valueless ; but it derived value from the faith reposed in
the authority by which it was circulated. A postage stamp
placed upon a letter would, as was well known, carry a
letter through any part of the country. Now, if we could
raise two millions a-year fiscally through these intrinsi-
cally valueless stamps, why could we not raise four mil-
lions ; and if four, why not forty ? It was cletit that the
principle of symbolic money was proved experimentally by
these stamps ; and this was nothing more than one of the
forms or modes through which such money might be used
beneficially, without thp introduction of bullionism. The
penny stamp would only take a letter within the confines
of the British dominions—it would not pass a letter from
Calais to _Rome ; and precisely in the same way this taxa-

tion money would not discharge debts due to the President
of Prance, the President of America, or the Emperor of
kussia—it would have no legal-tender power on the con-
tinent, and would therefore always remain at home, per-
forming the ftinctions for which it was originally issued.
Nor would it be an advantage to hoard this money, be-
cause it would bear no interest.—Mr. Duncan's Lecture.

RAILWAY

AFFAIRS.

aP
A handsome silver epergne, valued at 150 guineas, has
been presented to Robert Roy, Esq., late secretary of the
Shrewsbury and Chester Railway by the officials of that
com pany.

LONDON AND NORTII-WESTERN.—A further portion
of this company's Buckinghamshire railway, from the
Claydon junction to within six miles of Oxford, will be
opened on the 16th instant, and the remainder into
Oxford by November.

OPENING OF THE EAST LANCASHIRE RAILWAY.
The branch of this railway extending from Preston to
Lostock, and forming the company's independent en-
trance into Preston, was opened for public traffic on
Monday. The line, on leaving the Preston terminus,
takes two curves, and by passing by the new goods ware-
houses, and close under the vicarage, it merges into the
valley of the Ribble. The river is crossed by a handsome
iron bridge of three arches. Thence the line is conducted
across the valley on a brick viaduct of 52 arches, and 30
feet in height. This, with a short embankment or two,
spans the valley, and the line then enters a cutting on the
Penwortham side, and passes over a tolerably level coun-
try to a place called Toad-lana, where it will diverge to
the main line, one branch towards Liverpool, and one
towards Blackburn.

THE " NOVA MOTIVE."—A new mode of propulsion
is being demonstrated at the Polytechnic Institution, con-
sisting of a series of carriages, carrying along with them
a flexible tube, air-tight. This tube has a series of slide-
valves, entirely under the care of a guard, who, by levers,
has perfect control over his train. Along the whole line
of railway is laid a pipe, in connection with which a series
of pistons are fixed between the rails, intended to receive
the tube above-mentioned in its passage. In these pistons
are atmospheric valves opening into the fixed pipe, which
is always kept exhausted, so that when the train passes
over the pistons, the slide-valves in the tube are opened
by means of inclined planes communicating with the levers,
which levers are raised up on the train passing—the
atmosphere existing in the tube to supply the vacuum,
and the train is impelled by external atmospheric pressure.
MAYORALTY IN Low WATER.—At the half-yearly
meeting of the Ambergate, Nottingham, and Boston and
Eastern Junction Railway Company, last week, the fol-
lowing singular colloquy occurred :—Mr. Birley com-
plained that there was no public dinner to celebrate the
opening of the line: He heard that there was a private
dinner of the directors at Grantham, and that the mayors
of Nottingham and Grantham were there in full canon-
icals" (laughter).—Mr, Hannay : I beg to contradict the
canonicals ; for I lent the mayor a waistcoat (renewed
laughter).—Mr. Birley : Which of the mayors ?—Mr.
Hannay : The mayor of Nottingham.—Mr. Birley : I
regret to hear it (a laugh). What a disgraceful thing to
a town of 60,000 inhabitants, like Nottingham, with its
extensive manufactures, and its commerce extending to
every part of the globe, that in order to appear respect-
able on a public occasion, its mayor should be obliged to
borrow a waistcoat (roars of laughter).
CARNARVON AND BANGOR RAILWAY.—The custo-
mary parliamentary notices for the construction of a line
of railway between the towns of Bangor and Carnarvon
will be laid before the public at the beginning of the next
session. This desideratum, which has been so often
projected, and as often abandoned, will now, it is hoped,
be carried out. The promoters, it is understood, have
obtained the full sanction and concurrence of the directors
of the Chester and Holyhead Company for their under-
taking, although their transactions are perfectly indepen-
dent of the latter. The proposed line will branch from
the Chester and Holyhead railway at the Britannia
Bridge, and, after passing Treboth and through a tunnel
at Capel-y-Graig, will cross the road leading from Car-
narvon to Bangor, near to the Vaynol Lodge gate. It
will then run nearly parallel to that road on the upper
side, until it passes the inclined plane of Mr. A. Smith's
railway at Port Dinorwic, when it soon after approaches
the Menai Straits, continuing thence on to Carnarvon at
a short distance from the shore. It is gratifying to state
that all the great landowners on the line of way have
signified their approval of the undertaking.
THE TWEED RAILWAY VIADUCT.—This magnificent
structure spans the broad valley of the Tweed at Berwick,
and completes an imp°, t: nt Ink in the chain of railway
communication between lonchn. and Edinburgh by the
east coast. It forms tht norctiern extremity of the York
Newcastle, and Berwick Rail vay. The foundation stone
was laid on the 15th of Mby, 1847. The viaduct consists
of twenty-eight semicircular arches, each of 61 feet 6 in.
span, springing from lofty piers 8 feet 6 inches broad at
the narrowest point. One half of the arches span the ri-
ver—here a broad and beautiful stream—and the remain-
der are built on the neighbouring land, south of the Tweed.
The total length of the bridge is 2,160 feet, and its greatest
height from the bed of the river, 126 feet 6 inches, includ-
ing the parapets. Its breadth between the parapets is 24
feet, allowing a double line of railway to be laid. The ap-
pearance of the arches is graceful. The quantity of tim-
ber used in the construction of the stone and timber tem-
porary bridges was not less than 300,000 cubic feet. The
engineers-in-chief of this great work are Mr. Robert Ste-
phenson, M.P., and Mr. T. E. Harrison. The entire
cost of the viaduct, amounting to about £200,000 has
been borne by the York, NewcastL, and Berwick Railway
Company. Her Majesty has christened the structure
" The Royal Border Bridge." The old Berwick Bridge,
which was built in the days of James 1., took 24 years in
erection.

COURT AND FASHION.

THE COURT AT BALMORATL.-011 Monday, her Majes-
ty and Prince Albert took their usual early walk. His
Royal Highness afterwards went out shooting. Her
Majesty drove out in the afternoon, attended by the
Marchioness of Douro. The younger members of the
Royal Family went out walking. On Tuesday his Royal
Highness went out shooting, accompanied by the Prince
of Leiningen and Sir George Grey. Her Majesty drove
out in the afternoon, in an open carriage, with the Prin-
cess Royal, the Princess Alice, and Prince Alfred. The
Prince of Wales rode in the afternoon. During the
whole of the week her Majesty and the Prince have been
driving about the place and walking in the grounds,
enjoying the beauty and quiet of the scenery, and inspect.
ing the various improvements which have been made by
their orders since the visit of last year. The Braemar
gathering takes place on Thursday, when it is likely they
will honour that festival with their presence.
Earl Grey has returned to his seat, Howick-hall, Nor-
thumberland, from a tour.

The Earl and Countess of Wilton and family arrived at
Heaton Park on Tuesday.

The Earl and Countess of Stamford and Warrington
left Dunham Massey, Cheshire, for Enville, Staffordshire,
on Wednesday last.

The Duke of Wellington has been appointed by the
Queen, Ranger and Keeper of St. James's Park and by
Park, in the room of the Duke of Cambridge.

On Thursday morning Mr. S. W. Theakston. proprie-
tor of the Scarborough Gazette. presented her Majesty
with a copy of that paper, printed on rich white silk, and
embroidered with dark blue fringe, containing a full ac-
count of the royal visit to Castle Howard.

CORRESPONDENCE.

THE MAIL MAIL AND THE CAR PROPRIETORS

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD,

SIB,--It may be no unenviable position to be in collision
with the editor of the Mail ; the weapons which he wields
are so fierce and uneeremonious, that no one Gan esteem
it a pleasant thing to cross his path : sometimes, however,
his sweeping censures are altogether so unmerited and
ungenerous, that it would be unjust to the public to let
them pass unheeded.

• - •
His publication of Saturday contains some comments
on the recent conduct of the car proprietors of this town.
I do not hesitate to pronounce it an unjustifiable article;
and the language which he employs looks and reads badly
in they leading columns of an English Protectionist news-
paper. _ _

s
proinpiniyht,ta:laiedreravtria(attisontenatnhnichliedwdiyergcnesaeuo.::howiniornchwnnoncwtieoLofalhilpgeitanuuunreee—ritesnsity,eviricnviteeshnsomniheilhioroleemputieftytcosee
r.ernfsafhelc,trertaeimelatosiolsllposlbhmorpiramupnfusuaencarres)wlgni
nitoegsmiyntitseanwaolatustnetnirin:bitmreiaimthtomet:
imputation
oodttpriyhuhepuireeuaatsiraoii
sytpltet,lltifayti,edrinooytp
rofaaminevroot conspi-
racyeaniwwueorelnfodrsip,osnf:tepers,isietraiiwtimhrmt:
ntauatauuefhrvoti:sssl certain
. .
bgt simul-
taneously. eenteofiifeilunm.ocunyernsoeasf
offered
frnwluies3lwsytmtduerrsirduh.hetoembahtcadnirnmhgchute
dbihiei
übshrlerlaeeruenetaitlnttmi:sheiscqoaleforth be sold at 2d. each copy,—what must he do?
snateaaHmgreelaynsofao,tnywrhsto:o6:sctdtahh.erie,rftdoopasr
pier-head,
clado
r,
-fOrhfClyaeooafuodmryu: aiwrieddhp.
carriagel edd is remuneration era
recommend
mewuoptnml.
Aeeor
nr
fa licensed
elt luggage
dng
remune-
rationatflgo eerporter is allowed for carrying a bandbox off the landing-
editor of the Mail to try the experiment for three months,
with about a dozen cars. But he says, when a car carries
four persons it ought to be Is. a mile: "the coachman
mustgiveandtaks." A very good principleofimpartiality
acted upon; but it so happens that for what a car carries
one, he must carry four and luggage: the giving is all on
one side, the taking on the other, and that the wrong one!
He hopes the " Council will resoluely adhere to their
book of rates"! I hope the committee of the Council
will investigate the whole question fully and impartially,
and that the Council will receive the suggestions they may
make with due deference and consideration. I would not
ctosehufmpeHasppteoteericorbtmla foregone
emeietrteemeoonf conclusion
y. investigation nor
a mmeakane ttrhiecka papnodinatmcoennt
a car inoaLnrceive
Manchester.
Bir-
mingham, and twice as much as one in
hedreigpshotoehrladtthotaehnsetifhnarretesitviiemnrpeßos
oairls,mmbiunugtchhianamfos
informs
sedui
nsMßtahinar it
the owner 2s. a day
that
I:
makes
neithersum.
The
Ii
ithane knowdaoc ntikuoonasr
know
cweaaxrdpfeahewyan
:that
expenses
instnhebae
belonging
l l
01
iyi
vni
esagrl si
pwnt
oaga
otyetl s
omal
aee
sn carc a, sroa
or about
eeal fdyaocbmt
be
estimated at about Bs. a day, leaving
for interest on his capital and the maintenance of his
otffhatthe man'srea l fv,aa,tlehuceeaanws nimlolawnacypcuecraperthsa.iilitoes
buthacf'Cite: simepl yvaaperyel comparison Whoeverowi cent.nnisbti i tfdLoirshOceenonduwvonßiineltut
ls.
i',.)
ehle'l
foiled,i s says,provesfor his
I believe
desperatee li
ev
etha case;extrastand
stands
lurorewnsastnuhcdiesdieesdamad
ri
noene f v
ertooyr alltpah er at bnooefvxt
.the
teswtmaonedtr passengers;ohpeoal
irsr,
iso that
stahanatdt,
a man
sfterieaving his couipaty, and so gets a chance of obtain-

Sep. ll,!1.1.

- hil Or
ing fares, what a ear in Liverpool is tskink.il orsa
Castle-street from Aigburth, Woolton, Cila,"",,n' tel it
of these outposts ! All this lost time is Prel—,filso
London ; but yet the Mail will have mayer cOcliostf
effectual lean tell
suptehrve i
5.11,/i Mail le
f tthatthe
n o
driversone
but the very piace which presents so extra°
contrasts.
selves ; and in the event of the Council substitulii;
equitable system for the ruinous rates they had (n_c4sod!,
out many remonstrances):adopted, it will be tho ~, tc,
because the interest, of owners to adopt some P''
protect the public as well as themselves.
e
is fairly chargeable upon the authorities; for wbilrer?
One half of the evils which are imputed to th_dr.il,ell
are about 400 cars, there are no less than 1,10, 9_, nool.
persons licensed to drive hackney carriages in .1?17frol,
The evils of this state of things cannot bee aril
There are many other things in the Mail so viola"
yet so self-contradictory, that I pass them hY• . ,19 Of
His beautiful language, such as " the conspiraw4,
Liverpool," " the fools," &c., as they contain no sa
ment, require no observation. t. OP
, ere
1
I will only further observe, that persons rib , - ena
tahpeamomi
nenrtufionr,
wthilelirnolatbhoeurvse.rwy which, if gaged in a business requiring an expensive outlet,
that each person should not be asked or made to.f vire
oemployed in seeing the wealthiest part of the 1,10
on!
contingencies,
country, as well as of this town, of ,;:.„,fige,
itsh mote
an t h esno:ineu:s:t:brt,sll'
and depending on precarious 1381,,,cept
competency,—the fair, the legitimate conseq
industry, anxiety, and toil.—l am, Si?, NISI.'
A PROTECTIO
iftoitredwtsrthuteein:cleivi-14

THE " ORION" TRIAL•

tig
(From the Glasgow Citizes.) oby
The result of this trial has been commented; jeolf
entire Scottish press, as well as by man); °,fnent,°lii
journals throughout the kingdom. Their du°,eti octte,
as we have seen, is unanimous as to the 10°Prtnd ‘ll,O
punishment awarded to the captain and sear° oleo/
The opinion appears to be universal among °ii !cello,
poraries, that officers of vessels are liable, le,
son and ilms the second mate
through commiserationsperiloos Theyseas,
without had both
negligence or error of judgment resulting in jct.
of fife, to be subjected to the doom of felons. jeo of
It is admitted, nevertheless, that both CaptsiPobiettse
are proPer,,lol,
performed , wit hes..
able success. Injury to a hair of any Pas's`into°••sor
was the last thing of which either dreamed. ,ligesfew.
ter : the ship was run on the rocks throng!! 04,01'4
miscalculation--of course, to the infinite &Oa', 1181'd
accidentanern:llll°:: tA.
ror of both—and these two unfortunate me,:etig!,,,
escaped the engulfing waters, were last a'ef:rnas.l';,
before the highest criminal judicatory of,ht:,iisPr°
and condemned, the former to eighteen tonnins,, .eJ
was hugging the shore too closelv undow,— cjs ~is
ment, and the latter to seven years' transporo" vio.
Much of the evidence brought forward at the oeie
to prove that the Orion, on the fatal nighti.illii,, 1,04
that noble vessel was steered towards. the r° erg
wrecked, it was very sadly out of its coursewit;
Robinson had no difficulty in proving thant,lenofo,oo
taken by the Orion was not a safe course. 11' the n,Ol
nate ship seems to have been gomewhat nearer.eck, 03
the habit of doing, ordering a dl3
than usual when Captain Henderson left !be tsioo t"
he retired for a little rest, as he and other ritilontrthe
been in
to be kept, and directing that he should be r 0 see' ble
weather became foggy. This, so far as beenet „Digb+ b,
have ll' 0
the extent of his crime.i.
Would he d ? • 0
for thus • going below had no accident occurre ,drit,.4
kles3 iir
driver may be very properly pulled up for rec lied. • ali
even although nobody is knocked down or 11097ofitbe
the fact, then, of Captain Henderson going be,tice 05/101
sufficient evidence of culpability ? The Pralc nrider,oo
ixigmg. for coaariy.- ,tains t- •we the dec 00;!_e,vbi
b lined 0

,Itg --g cap, „o lea. in dp„
circumstances whatever ; but was CaP'.B-0-tea.i,,rl
more guilty than his neighbours ? It "5 theC
fleC- "
the Solicitor-General that he retired from et, sebliperi'
his own risk." The second-mate, I":“ve`' corset-tot:4
left in charge, was a steady man, of fiftecl'ok-aujothei
ence, and before leaving he exhorted tbe .°0 bisf ocra
vigilant. Moreover-, he merely lay deco It 15
on, in order to be ready at a moment's etti.lig In,ssatbil
bombast to charge such a man with Pel4'ilboce,7 /16,
He might, it is true, have trusted to ro
own ; but how can we look upon him 95 3 %jog CE:O4l6'
had no apprehension of dancer. The 11g°' deg'
burst suddenly upon his little snatch of sleeuP'peo th°
he then dared and suffered is for no cerarec°fra, ap cbes,
cribe. He was the first to spring to tb•-:
last to leave the wreck, and his reward is s'ehis in 5,,d,
blasted prospects, and eighteen dreary n'°u`,,J-rinsl lb°
By what extraordinary fatality the Semictl direct' ploca
of across from headland to headland,
Hams, in the absence of the captain boYiaselfel,
us as to some error in the
ship's course, round the curve of Porteatilefess °u" be se'
we Pr%ted f° ace $1
unable to comprehend. The defence alienro
compass prove"A 017 get.re.
all. It was perhaps
heatimporta to keep r:.-gols„,:elr,il
order to save the tide, and probablf '"JissThc9ie",l
proximity to the shore,
the existence of the fatal rocks. As there 13- aye inul-ovetu
on the coast, it is conceivable that he mt.,' ttleiriedod
latcd its distance ; but the sailors rernars',o
Portpatrick. Nevertheless, there was .11,,v,tiehei.5tutr
foolhardiness or bravado. The fatal cli,Noo',oo,a
the vessel appears to have been such ,asaP-„ tii%r
blunder as men sometimes commi commit to tbriatialiatel`"
none more than themselves. Criminal ;001 'citScLiii;
and the danger elwiirrefinid
was. and could be none ,• but the erro, •ble in ,
years' hard service through
cause arising, was beyond. expression ter ft aft,eol,l'
sequences ; and the poor bewildered sail° jg Pici.oatt"'
from the wild sad wreck which his 0ne,b4).,,g int° fri
lessness and stupidity had occasioned, ter"-reinairt-00 Oa
dock, and condemnedthe 3°s' brefw
to cross
family and friends, the companion ofh°u tw'
tb,.
swindlers t ,
These views may not be popular; 5, bineli
otherwise than we feel. We think the Pun'
fotn't %ate 111
case, uselessly and cruelly severe. N° a,piart°
cal and mental suffering heaped upon the -7.leithetentioa
fivers of the Orion can restore a single lily' evil Woe°
it to solace a single mourner. where nes, recagrotri
existed, and no moral guilt is alleged, s'ec • oet bat
a novo is t
ground for revenge. But for a vague ',clan ae,
ar
demanded by the general safety, our 03.11, woe tiotiv
involves an injustice which public ein,_°, severePi tee
sanction. We doubt, however, whether tnr booffe, efro!!
ment—not, be it observed, of drunken °Hly fata`o(t!
rity—but of unintentional, though
,rikearormofessi°,.°t cod
will produce the effect supposed. ."e While 'chilli
sailor is already sufficiently hazardous; as few,,,00%
vates reckless and adventurous spirits, ,tf„d forewtofee
for young men of great natural caution;hls 005da,,,,
—the qualities most needed at sea. No rove
empi'
pG
tory state of matters is little likely to be 7nanags,
taching to mere accidental neglect °r. nature nature fort,
penalties which, to all noble and sensirl_th. Aletbe
be more appalling than shipwreck Or da,if, 0,00(_01
temptation to become mates and etrPt3l% priata-00'1
all weathers,
ur,oo,feiurs
intentions, they may, by any accident
or 5,1 eciegrotce,,
eyes, a miscalculation of the judgmen ddenlY rseliopa
impression of an ill-defined duty—be su yor t •
•tuo bit
to the fate of piekpockets and burglars l as to al part
we should certainly hesitate to train our.sore ore
in which, if they escaped drownlng,
a prison or the hulks.
their toga

amountamo among
ig t;
heansedltleari
—.-
STATE OF TRADE• tor/
neat"tle or
---
.11 and Or tDr
MANCITESTER.—We have had li un.. ,onie 11,...,0e os,
week, both in yarns and goods. Neither the I,
Vond the supply of their more pressing 'cant s •;nconsiciffee° ero
ness of the last five days has, therefore, beep ',n to
_,400,i,
reign buyers hare possessed sufficient confldeneibe teeerprorapito
succon .e orders Inc oseil ork,
, constantly reducing ft. n inr itl •g•
and manufacturers have naturally shcrwn a regillar OPP 00
tion to meet the buyers. A good deal Of 3 ept, liCSnioofg
their vhrying views of the future. or their d
....._,....s owl ujitiO.,
Will BCtifferesit 91"Weeee
holders of stocks or otherwise; but lower ralcine,s, slie lei.*
last week have been acceded to for printinF_l. and the
domestics, and most other descriptions of cl?!".;nrnsi: of 2
general statement holds good in reference Ralik aid
vverient`o
sellers, as
thomt-heenporwicehathdeyttiree inhilancvsopro
however, having yielded' but liftle,WarDsieco eXqere,Po(
medium and lower connts, the most. The enyeraeot nsiOSoi
in foreign markets from the retrograde. n) .housperndo,,g
now reacting on our own market, by MO
'
to the 07
orders which would otherwise be posing 161), wbethel'oste..ng
producers. In the department of fine theYg geriers 00 ',-,0
or doubled, we still have an exception to _.,,i. itiel_ 05,:,6
things, not that much is being done in them, for nil taLie.o..To
to be met with, but they are much sou*ht a!';'. sad. I::intP
for shipment to Russia is rapidly running n_,i,4017
~00,
kinds of cloth there appears to be a little Ma,.
1§ 00 110
the last day or two. gore viof 00
ROCHDALE.-50 brisk was the demand ff.r..leiren 00 it sj,
day, that the pieces were all cleared out 1 •
- the WI dellisi° 11/
the forenoon. The wool market is much .
LEEDS.—The woollen trade is brisk, the sudeelicy ta•ibei/sPog
been for some weeks past, both as regards Pt2513,511;e3.101.-0.,/,
equal to the demand, and prices having a telLntioain,,,„,b
BRADFORD.—WooI : There is but little aniwro, pri,.e or,
chase of combing wools, which are held foot 211..enorroirti
the difficulty of continues at prices f 03,737,ii5s liioc 14,
the cast in the country. unabategrestront 'cr,
are without change. Yarns: The spinner 00Q, o,
in getting an advance to cover the cost of I l'focisatllre gap
vance that has been realised has been very rvilnnera .4 ili illi
ded. There is no stock on hand, and the sP i5ae01...,,, it
rally working to order. Pieces: ThereSrno 13_ in ow- or
demand for goods, and there is a groat firmnesa
teodincterio
an upward tendency. nder at 000.
HALIFAX.—Although there was out a ide re 0 00_,bic di.
buyers in the Piece Hall on Saturday, worstedet the trade, n 04
alteration in the general state of the
Woolser7ot
steady and healthy. The demand for Vim are
.0,
minution, and prices are without alteration. i.inuelts.bisfi'for
quiet, and the quotations show considerable ll_ doingi...etio
HUDDERSFIELD.—We have had a fair traneves, pat;0010
The market begins to wear a better We* n. 1,0 ie Of
the coming season meet with ready purchaser.,,.e trap
and fancys continue to have the best sale -4"
week has been an average one. P.- ii ,Or
-----"'".-- -If _4l

........m."......___ _ _______sa several
vB betweenor
anawl BOAT
außn Ad crewcr
hundred
d.
il thwoeatoo" At,-
_ adss amateur crew from Egrernont, in t,he di9vl
SeacOrabe' ..11,-0 W.. 01
rowedL. The stakes were £lO a-side, ancli,„ gay'
Rscliofois.No of ETt
igiiireee
contest,
lateo onnt
et:
Captain
btFerryaeiant
itmnoghee iil:o:ptio, t
ob rer ho
back, about two miles. Shortly after start'"" in Di
cuonmt be men gained an advantage,
theirw tbel 000
two daughters, was among the Ititb of'
THE
lady and • ofortuf/ e .e.
to he - bi-
ferers, lately caused a handsome mausoleum,. of4ool
upon a prominent rock in the island of G,n'i sowoel,4
he was the proprietor. He wished it to 'ee,cootrcet
size to entomb six, but it was reported by t"'woold le
taro that,
owing to thtecessarily limited site( it
_eerily
am no more tha our, and his suggestion 1019,4jd phi
adopted. The st cture had referreds conlVd, 013_, 0,
that melancholy catastrophe to occarreploo
0.- -On
aOrbdnosa:men Thursday
from a boat ice .
,i_
the
.4114
receptacle of the dead are deposited
ethee 130 111°
the
.gallant captain and the three member 0.
family who perished with him.

ell. 103 lad.
T II I!
~......ii,,,,..5w.,_ ....
lii.VFRPOOL STANDARD.
WHAT IS CHEAPNESS ?
otal 4.gita 1
nel in Hodson-street. They were plated dries-hv order TOWN COUNCIL PROCEED]
, 0 is
tilt 0 of the magistrate. Another lad was char e& viith MY... The usual monthly meeting of the Council W.
... 1
enheaci . . a theatre ,
It is ,1k.14 ih,;t , ~..:_-_____ _
is about to be erected In IWe are every day hearing the exclamation, "How very ing stones. on the same day, into the tunnel in Foriterlof.: ;. -,e Mayor in the chair.
Fall' or au•rl
tea I
revel' •orl On ,r, till. r
cheap
.! "or the advice to go to Mr. So-and-so's shop, street. He was also put down. A great number of tlis- firdtlf "-ii -, UV ENILE OFFE:
oulPa"' f left th(stlesday an,l Wetinesda- Wily a tn,;:l a orderly looking boys were afterwards brought up on the
.ehipi because he sells so cheap." People pride themselves
ictraordi°' Lie port for varioug 414artirs over the gloh;g.in- old charge of '` warring" with stones. A man who was Owing itl a 116P-cOuliiiihrw" '-- '"ii
32nd
retit...i_General the Earl i Cathcart will inspect the npon buyibg ii tbegp!'—the fair sex especially. Many of passing at the time of the proceedings was struck on the fmoreettlivngt,
ftohreng,artainotnooff#jt2l,:eiiileO
oe-gi;'itd.:Nrst7.23.,:iii
pines them The went, atthin when, after a world of head and seriously injured
.by one of the missiles In of Mr. PARKER, referred hick to the Finance (
s 0103' Everton, on 'final:May; at eleven. them are never mete happy
the price of some
~ NT Packet_sh•
most rases a fine of two shillings and sixpence was imposed,
PRE 6 PUBLIC i.i.OtkßY rw LIVERP
siitiltiltb: W York . IP Constellation sailed on Wednesday, for " hagglingi" they haild " run down P
tool* 'Atli 900 passengers. During the past twelve- which'it is to be hoped will operate as a check on this in- The proceedings of the cdinti4ttee a
article of lietisehold necessitsP, at the merea's, th,-; fish-app anted
i the v d,, n.,`_'s she had carried supportable nuisance. practicability of a free public library were r.. a°
the "u jo ilea" of the
_out 2600 emigrants.
monger's, or, perhaps, from the poor' itinerant vendor of.' THE ART OF SELF DEINSTE. ..... Two lads, Henry 1 }y..PrcTox, tlif. Chairman, Jose to move ...
Liu I,,,way,iziv., 7e .w of the Minerva fell overboard on Wed. . A_l —ll A., ... '..i. .I T --- .......1 VIT:11! v.' • .. . . ... .
me P .(1 !. un tic, ...... •• = •

the drirefer'
w )1e otv
) or
) LiverFeeJ.
c

spirators
cf,
arg

ho are eniji.
60, e
poPolstl"r
et to °ace,
patronBcert
Doto se 1,0
i°ll,`lth
I then 01
„Luella

on bl
be le
vent, rthi
etY oi te•
(3n co° ntetl'i
Lr nt 0
eye ~41

bit.:o;„ge
heedll? Ilea'

;I*-A bp-
r b9vig

ethread We are every day hearing the exclamation, " How very
-
°a T • ! " or the advice to go to Mr. So-and-so's shop,
ie,,
~
.suesday ant! Wednesday liettly ii tnu. _
"he sells so cheap." People pride themselves
LP
—the fair sex especially. 7
7,'1_11 port for varioug qi:ittrfprs over the globe
sZeat•:General the Earl cf Cathcart will _
Ned
_regiment, atafter a world of
Ne2,ejacket-shi Everton, on ThitirSday; at eleven. I thernareneer 11)01'e happy th. .-"' when,
they haild '
konwtllsoriik, wi• 9eoCoopnasstseel_lation sailed on Wednesday, for "haggling,"
th
During the p'ast twelve- article of
household necessity', at the merte,
ono
of
e had carried out
mon
'lksayn• the crew of the M
and —_s 'Olt. on her passag, green
ot;va,otinfortunately drowned. from
dea bo'd esday night a man, named Byrnes,
.found the motives of economy. par..•
deride, v.-Y a full grown male child in the midden of a
who, in the morning, have bet,.
on
Tr. 46, Crown-street. -
to lop off a penny a yard from tilt,
tnstitha 0111sdaY morning the body of a child, about two death
k'rered ._:' ws! found in a field in Kensington. It was by the retailer.
upon a piece of calico or
0,
ivrvith / night soil.
11 d to cquander fifty times
,o
111 ednesdaY John Mottrain. of Clifford-street, fell seen in the evening, equa y rea y ,
gewgaw. Do
the amount upon a rout, or an unnecessary
14:11 nit' the
d quay of the Queen's Dock, and died almost
wbat feat it is
Thee "Y. such lovers of cheapness considerl,..._:__.
fares ornaibas fares to Bootie nave ocr. -----
1100fle4.°`v will he : threepence to Bootle, fonrpence to
crosby.'nount, sixpence to Waterloo, and eightpence to
ti T
Years, d:eesdaY Robert Riding, a man aged seventy-one
teuenoir,ed at his house, in Front Portland-street, in con-fishedief injuries received a week previously, by being
k. Lasoeween the shaft of a cart and a gate post. .
toTe sell of this t announces the probable dis.-
ty of, own,
Nit o. a second satellite to the planet Neptune, This
iftete,,t astronomer discovered the first satellite soon
txtas discovery of the planet.
tll4?eritents are about be made on the Mersey with
, ie,,, „, to
rti to I;'.' Carrying an electric telegrap -
h line across the
h to
wastes-oirkenhead. A line to Formby, and anot er
Tile e' would be extremely useful in foggy weather.
kid bags 'avenue authorities have given orders that casks
1. taaf rice at this port may be assessed for duty upon
NiC`get to be ascertained by weighing
uoa S.one cask or
‘qtd,Y,man in charge of a butcher's cart drove
hells tavern, opposite the Zoological Gardens,
4-1t5,,(1 from the vehicle, and had just 9ntered the
atl6o:ein he fell down and immediately expired.
&Skirl of 500 tons measurement has been launched
t`
eireen, for Canta'n Jo Robertson, formerly of
YttitObtaterl fast Ch.'shin J h O'Gaunt. She is
the Stornoway,ma p o n
and is expected to surpass the
bl:st
1.._ .
d s r
a., ight.al,ly ! Unitd eces
o mail steamers from Liver-
qj t, c
York
.e States
reduced
tti:'ltieat w will be largely after the Ist of
~;1. h. • On that date the line will comprise four steam-
+ll' ''alel • Baltic, and Arctic.
4 is is „ Y, the Atlantic, Pacific,
I,topport,ne last week but one that the public will have
klactia4aity of witnessing the varied and interesting
weelN. 18t,_,t the Zoological Gardens. t Theesseerrvveicteosie))ef
o"eward,llls. in providing amnsemen s, d
tQ Wedi:lui?3r the people of Liverpool.

2600 emigrants. •
inerva fell overboard on Wed. monger's, or, pethapS, from the poor' itinerant vendor of
from Liverpool to Kingstown, green-groceries, or toxin chip s

I,Y, Thomas Marsh, a man aged seventy

jar; -L ; tire Infirirary, in consequence of injuries
ohs'sgar
~n ine 6th of June, by being run over by John
No. 83, driven by Win• Sanderson, in St
qoh u
I,‘
Nap, Martin Svgift
Corthwestern Railway,
,rehbeliff,‘!r.s..of a locomotive engine ar

, a pointsman on the Lon-

railway

-t4ios rot,
tyr)ii'° the
led :
•( $lO

04u134
it 'lltio
1;

from pure love of the?

And all this is

accident (

noney which they sate/ or froia

part of the deck
lice Inl

for the

h her

profit placed

flannel, may be

their own expression) "cheap" ? Do:the"y 'ever think of I
the diminished fare of the poor labourer's table, upon
whom the diminished profit of the manufacturer and the
shdpkeeper ultimately recoil? Do they ever think for a
moment of the sad faces of the poor itinerant vendors of
trifling articles of domestic use, when they return to their
homes with half, instead of a whole, meal for their ex-
pectant children, as the result of their day's hard striving?
Do they ever think whet must be the consequences of
their own love of cheapness, fully carried out ? They
cannot do any of these things. To suppose so is to sup-
pose that we live in a world run mad, or selfish and
wicked beyond our imagining. Few men, or women—we
have that opinion even of our fallen nature—could be
happy in the enjoyment of an article of luxury or comfort,
if they knew that it bad been bought " cheap" at the cost
of their fellow-creatures' hunger, tears, and, toe often,
virtue

THE ART OF SELF DEvgs-cit, Two L.
Lowe and William Ds,vine, who had been bailei
called up, when Sergeant Steel stated that as he
duty; on Sunday afternoon, In Park- place, Toxteth- park
he observed a crowd assembled in Jones's-street head

of persons had cor

t, were

But what is CHEAPNESS ? What is this god which, as
a nation, we are just now worshipping, and which our
legislature has declared is the summum bonum of human
achievement ? We speak, of course, of cheapness gene-
rally carried out; of every man buying .from his neigh-
bour at as low a price as he can. Cheapness, thus consi-
dered, means every man working at the minimum point
of subsistence : the labourer working for wages which
barely keep body and soul together; the tradesman cut-
ting' down his profits so low that he is little above the
condition of the underpaid agent of the labourer and the
importer; the manufacturer reducing the remuneration
of his enterprise until he is little in the scale of being

.egated around the two lads who w

e mac

practising the pug
boys, who appeared N
half-a-crown and costs each

the glove

ery much chop•fallen, were fine

REFRACTORY PAUPERS.—Five or six girls attired it
workhouse apparel, were committed for twenty-one days

and kicking Swaine 633, who
UNFOUNDED CHARGE OF I

heir report.
'Toyed a more

in the various inter'viev

Bich spins or weaves for

the owner of real property compelled to be

purely through a want

Mann-s

[1 corresr

t commit

of the (

eiftablish

'eet, w

1, remait

I to the

TOWN COUNCIL PROCEEDINGS,