The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-05-16 00:00:00

NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT,

In compliance with the instructions of the Commissioners
of the Fine Arts, Mr. Barry has delivered a report contain-
ing his views as to the internal decorations of the new
Houses of Parliament. _

Mr. Barry observes— With reference to the interior of
the new Houses of Parliament generally, I would suggest
that the walls of the several halls, galleries, and corridors of
approach, as well as the various public apartments through-
out the building, should be decorated with paintings having
reference to events in the history of the country; and that
those paintings should be placed in compartments formed by
such a suitable arrangement of the architectural design of the
interior as will best promote their effective union with the
arts of sculpture and architecture. 'With this view I should
consider it to be of the utmost importance that the paintings
should be entirely free from gloss on the surface, and that
they may be perfectly seen and fully understood from all
points of view. That all other portions of the plain sur-
faces of the walls should be covered with suitable architect-
onic decoration or diapered enrichment in colour, occasion-
ally heightened with gold, and blended with armorial bear-
ings, badges, cognizances, and other heraldic insignia, em-
blazoned in their proper colours. That such of the halls as
are groined should have their vaults decorated in a similar
manner, with the addition occasionally of subjects or works
of art, so interwoven with the diapered ground as not to dis-
turb the harmony or the elect of the architectural composi-
tion.

"That the floors of the several halls, galleries, and corri-
dors, should be formed of encaustic tiles, bearing heraldic
decoration and other enrichments in colours, laid in margins
and compartments, in combination with polished British
marbles; and that the same description of marbles should
also be employed for the steps of the several staircases.
"That the walls, to the height of from 8 to 10 feet, should
be lined with oak framing, containing shields with armorial
bearings, emblazoned in their proper colours, and an oak
seat should in all cases be placed against such framing. That
the windows of the several halls, galleries, and corridors
should be glazed doubly, for the purpose of tempering the
light, and preventing the direct rays of the sun from inter-
fering with the effect of internal decorations generally.
" The Victoria Gallery.—This gallery will be 130 feet long,
45 feet wide, and 50 feet high, and with a flat ceiling, and
will admit of both paintings and sculpture. The subjects of
the paintings on the walls, 16 in number, which may be 12
feet long and 10 feet high, might relate to some of the most
remarkable pageants of British history, or other appropriate
subjects. Statues of her present most gracious Majesty
might fill the central niches at the ends of the hall ; and the
other niches, as well as the pedestals between the paintings,
might be occupied by statues of her Majesty's ancestors.
The statues might, with good effect, be of bronze, either par-
tially or wholly gilt.

"Corridors of access throughout the Building.—The prin-
cipal corridors of access to the various apartments of the
building will be 12 feet wide; their ceilings will be flat, and
they will be generally lighted from windows near the ceiling.
The walls may be decorated with portraits as well as paint-
ings, illustrative of some of the most eminent personages.
For this purpose about 2,000 feet in length of wall, by a
height of about 7 feet, may be appropriated on the principal
floor ; 900 feet in length, by a height of about 7 feet, on the
one-pair floor, and'about 400 feet, by the same height, on the
two-pair floor. These paintings may be divided into sub.
jects at pleasure, by margins or borders of architectural de-
corations, in accordance with the style of the building.
" The llouse of Lords will be 93 feet long, 45 feet wide,
and 50 feet high, and will have a flat ceiling in panels. The
fittings for the accommodation required will leave little space
for painting, but niches will be provided, which might be
filled with statues. The architectural details of the ceiling
may be enriched and relieved with gold and colour, and the
windows filled with stained glass. The whole of the fittings
are proposed to be of oak, with appropriate carvings. The
throne will be highly enriched and relieved by colour and
gilding, and the back lined with a cloth of gold, containing
the royal
-arms emblazoned in colours.

"The House of Commons-will be 83 feet long, 46 feet
wide, and 50 feet high, and will have a flat ceiling. It is pro-
posed to be finished in the same style as the House of Lords,
but with less enrichment, and less of colour and gold in its
decorations. The nature of its design, and the extent of the
fittings for the accommodation required, will not admit of
either painting or sculpture."

TH M BROUGHAM HALL ESTATES.--(From a Correspon-
dent).—The question which has been lately raised with regard
to the right to this property still continues to excite consi-
derable interest in the counties of Cumberland and West-
moreland. The real facts of the case are, it is believed, ex-
ceedingly simple. For the last fifty years, claims have, from
time to time been put forward by different branches of the
family of Bird, with the view of recovering the estate. The
last of that family, Mr. J. Bird, Barrister-at-law, entailed
the property on his own offspring, and in default of issue, to
his own " right heirs for ever." On the part of the Broug-
ham family, it is alleged that they bought the estate of that
gentleman's grandchildren, and on the part of the Birds,
that those grandchildren were not entitled to dispose of an
estate so entailed. With the view of curing the defects in
the title, the Broughams have passed fines and recoveries,
and done everything else in their power to secure possession.
It would seem, however, that if the Birds were improperly
deprived of their patrimony, no length of time would justify
the act. From a letter which recently appeared. from Lord
Brougham's solicitors, in the London and provincial papers,
it would seem that they ridicule the idea that Lord Broug.
ham's house was called " Bird's-nest" before the Broughams
purchased it, giving, as their authority, a manuscript of Ni-
cholson, Bishop of Carlisle, which states that " Browham-
hall, the seat of the Broughams," was in existence in 1660,
at which date the manuscript was written. It unfortunately
happens, however, for the position assumed, that in 1660
Bishop Nicholson was only five
that there is years old. It is generally
understood
something in the affair which still
requires a satisfactory explanation.—Times.

TUESDAY MORNING, MAY 16, 1843.

The discussions on Sir James Graham's Education
Bill have again brought the Rev. Hugh M`N elle before
the public, and we perceive that the reverend gentleman
again occupies the distinguished and enviable position
of our Reformed and Established Church—attacked
on both sides—by the dissenters, because she is esta-
blished ; and by the Romanists and Tractarians, be-
cause she is reformed.

A correspondent of the Mercury attacks Mr. M'Neile
as a high churchman desiring to bring the people
under the yoke of ecclesiastical tyranny. A corre-
spondent of the uilail attacks him as a low churchman
neglecting to instruct the people in their obedience to
their ecclesiastical superiors. This is high praise. It
speaks volumes at once for his faithfulness and his
moderation. These writers sneer at men who "rejoice
at seeing their churches crowded when they preach,"
and also "in the plaudits of the meetings now so
fashionable." In crowded churches and applauding
meetings, with all their incalculable benefits to the
community, Mr. M`Neile has indeed good ground for
rejoicing. No tractarian can command any such in-
fluence. Hine Wee lachrynue ! We commend to their
notice the sentiments of Mr. Plumptre and the cheers
of Sir Robert Peel in the House of Commons a few
nights since.

A Tractarian correspondent of the Mail winds up a
number of sly insinuations, by saying significantly that
" an Englishman is a ruminating animal." It is indeed
upon the animal propensities of man, that Tracta-
rianism must depend for its success. If they prevail,
it will prevail. Mr. APN elle, and all sound Protes-
tants, depend upon the gracious agency of the Divine
Spirit to keep alive among Englishmen the love of the
Bible and the love of the monarchy; by th% one de-
fending them from the false theology (in all its ramifi-
cations) of Romanism; and by the other, from the re-
publican politics of dissent. Mr. M`Neile's speech has
told on both sides, and we perceive that it has been
reprinted in London and various parts of the country.
The reverend gentleman has the prayers and blessings
of thousands of the people. Operative churchmen
look up with thankfulness and animation at the men-
tion of his name, and exclaim, God bless him ; and
good reason have they for doing so.

With the triumphant speech of Sir Robert Peel on
Friday last before us, directly negativing the supposi-
tion that any factious opposition in Parliament, or out
of doors, can coerce him to further tampering with the
existing Corn-laws, we trust that we may at length
calculate upon a revival of that public confidence which,
in the opinion of most commercial men, is alone wanted
for a renewed development of the industrial resources
of the nation. In this important commercial commu-
nity, we may state it as a fact, that the prevalent feel-
ing is just now a fervent desire for political quiet. We
pray to be released from that ceaseless contemplation
of political and financial change, which so materially
interferes with the progress of steady mercantile opera.
tions. We have around us all the elements which
contribute to the formation of a state of healthy com-
mercial prosperity. The prices of most of the staples
of our manufactures are almost unprecedentedly low.
The food of the people is abundant and cheap. The
wild mania for speculative investment which operated
so fatally a few years ago is now extinct. Mercantile
credit is returning to its wonted sound condition, and
our business transactions are carried on upon a more
solid basis than for years past. We have had recently
opened to the enterprise of British merchants and ma-
nufacturers the vast markets of China; we have just
had placed within our reach the navigation of the Indus
and an intercourse with the rich producing districts
upon its banks ; and viewing our position as a whole,
externally and internally, there never perhaps existed
for British commerce a fairer prospect of conferring
blessings and plenty upon all classes of our popu-
lation.

What is there which can impede the attainment of
a good so desirable ? The answer is—AGITATION.
This mischievous power alone, unsettling the minds
of the mercantile and middle classes, and inflaming
those of the working population, is able to retard the
return of all to a condition of health and security. By
factious agitation, alone, can the boon for which every
good man ought to pray—the enjoyment of a pros-
perous commerce and a remunerating industry—be
turned away from our grasp; and to discourage and
put down such agitation ought to be the effort to which
all the energies of the well disposed ought at once to
be directed.

It is now morally certain that the hope of inducing
government—by clamour within the walls of Parlia-
r ment, by ceaseless petitioning, by theatrical displays
in the metropolis and the diatribes of hired lecturers
in the agriculturing districts—having been extin-
guished by the manly declaration of the Premier, the
efforts of the Anti-Corn-law League will from hence-
forth be directed to the achievement of a state of
things throughout the country little short of impending
revolution. Pamphleteering and spouting having failed
to convince the reason of the supporters of native agri-
culture, intimidation by the masses will be now re-
sorted to for the accomplishment of the objects of this
seditious conspiracy. Already we hear of extended
organisation, and new levies of money, to be devoted
to an action upon the constituencies. We hear of
large buildings to be erected for the accommodation of
the mobs who shout at such gatherings. In a few
months every organ of public disturbance which can
be pressed into the service of the faction, will be
eagerly directed by the frantic agitators of the League,
to stir up disaffection and sedition against the govern-
ment and the existing laws of the country. That effort
must be met by Conservatives promptly and vigo-
rously ; and if it is so met, by the true-hearted and
loyal of our fellow-countrymen, it will be put down.
The Conservatives strength of the nation need only to
display itself, to have its bidding respected and obeyed.
But can this be done by the ordinary instrumenta-
lities, which are sufficient for the every-day emergen-
cies of society ? Can a body so powerfully organised,
possessed of such restless activity, and working with such
unscrupulous weapons, as the Anti-Corn-law League, be
successfully opposed by merely casual and individual
efforts ? We say, emphatically, "No !" Glance even
at the past efforts, by which, on the part of the
League, and, more recently, on the part of the dissent-
ing body, the cause of Conservatism—the cause of
truth and of the amelioration of the human race—has
been assailed. Glance at the multitudinous petitions
which have loaded the table of the House of Commons
during the past few weeks, and reflect upon the
amount of energy and organisation which must have
been
called into action ! Conservatives, to enable
them to perform their duty to their country and their
church, must clothe themselves with the same energy—
must be enabled to display the same organisation—or,
d
pee al) re nto lean
dpon
t although for a moment they may ap-
upon a support which is unassailable—
the inherent soundness and strength of the cause of
which they boast themselves the supporters—the time
will come, when amidst the howling assaults of their

they. *iii havt mip,it to
that purblind folly which has led theta to proerwinate,
until the last hour, the important task of marshalling
themselves for the d ecisive struggle !
We are not alarmists. Knowing thoroughly, as we
do, the contemptible source of this Anti-Corn-law
agitation, we might be justified in regarding its as-
saults as scarcely worth providing armour to repel.
But such a course is not one founded upon even
humari wisdom. The most contemptible worm, which
at any moment you might crush with your heel, if
admitted to crawl to a sensitive part of the frame, may
strike at life ; and this leagued congregation of paltry
nuisances, if permitted to go on undisturbed in their
incendiary career, may fan a flame in England which
it may require more blood and tears to extinguish than
we can or dare to contemplate. To our fellow-towns-
men, therefore, we say, reinvigorate the energies of
your Conservative and Protestant association. Meet
the insidious or the open assaults of your wily oppo-
nents with a bold front. Be prepared to support the
Conservative government of Sir Robert Peel by your
petitions and your votes ; and by so doing, and thus
alone, you will be performing your duty to yourselves,
your country, and your God !

The agricultural portion of the community believe,
of course, that there are three branches of the legisla-
ture—Queen, Lords, and Commons. They are mis-
taken; there are more! There is a House of Com-
mons, which they had some share in electing, and
which sits in that chamber which supplies the place of
St. Stephen's Chapel; and there is another self-elected
body—the representative of a portion of spindles and
looms of the empire—which sits in an hotel in Palace-
yard. The proceedings of the legitimate branches of
the constitution our readers will find in their allotted
places in our paper; those of the subsidiary branch
we are compelled to refer to—with less prominence,
perhaps, than its members may think their desert—in
our editorial columns.

Well, this subsidiary parliament—this congregation
of the extraordinary lights of the world—met together
on Thursday, and, amongst other matters, agreed to
a petition, to be presented to the legitimate representa-
tives of the Commons, in parliament assembled, of
which the following is a copy :
" RESOLVED, that your petitioners again declare
their conviction that all protecting duties whatever upon
articles of manufacturing or agricultural industry are
injurious to the true interests of the country."
Here is item the first of the convictions of a league
parliament! "ALL PROTECTING DUTIES WHAT-
EVER are injurious to the true interests of the coun-
try !" But proceed—

" That they cannot but express the surprise they
have felt that any doubt should exist either in your
honourable house or elsewhere, as to their utter repu-
diation of the principle of protection, after the repeated
declarations made by them (by whom ?) in former
years. They now express their confident conviction
of the worthlessness and mischief of the protective sys-
tem under every shape; and they desire that the prin-
ciples of perfect freedom in all branches of trade and
of industry may be immediately carried into effect in
this country."

These gentlemen "cannot but express their surprise
that any doubt should exist as to their repudiation of
the principle of protection," or any other principle
which stands in the way of their trampling under foot
the native agriculture of the country. But surely
every man ought to speak for himself upon a subject
so important. Do the gulls, who despatch these "dele-
gates" to their subsidiary parliament, authorise them
to give away their prosperity in this off-hand style ?
Have the makers of hats, gloves, shoes, boots, silks,
furniture, and other articles produced by native in-
dustry, authorised these voluble gentlemen thus to
offer up their very existence at the shrine at the manu-
facturing mammon ? We doubt it much. We ask to
see their credentials ; and we believe that if one half
of these terms were mooted at any one of their league
meetings, the few stray simpletons whom they attract
from amongst the working classes—and they are but
few !—would very distinctly inform them that this is
not the interpretation which they put upon the cry for
"cheap bread."

The Palace-yard parliament concludes thus :
" Wherefore your petitioners pray that all protective
duties passed in favour of commerce, agriculture, and
trade shall be totally and immediately repealed. That
all subjects of this empire, without partiality or class
distinction, shall be allowed, without molestation, to
buy in the cheapest markets, and sell in the dearest ;
and that especially the corn and provision laws, on the
continuance of which alone the existence of other
commercial monopolies depend, shall be at once and
unconditionally abolished" (!) We make no comment
upon this, beyond requesting of the farmers of Eng-
land to mark the kind preference which is extended to
them. " All protecting duties " are to be withdrawn;
but as a peculiar favour, to test the working of the
principle, we presume, the " farmer's protection " is
to be withdrawn first The others can be withdrawn
at leisure.

We observe, by the way, that Mr. Cobden con-
gratulated this nondescript body on the accession to
their cause of no less distinguished a nobleman than
Lord Howick. We wish them joy of his lordship,
and only beg to be informed whether Mr. Charles
Wood is to go with the bargain. His lordship would
be incomplete without—his shadow.

We go to press—our readers we are sure will de-
plore the circumstance—without the edifying and con-
vincing speech which all the world expected was to
have been delivered by Mr. Cobden on Friday night.
The debate of debates, wanting its ornamental tail,
which the member for Stockport was to have supplied,
is as yet an unfinished thing—" tnonstrum, horren-
dum, ingens, informe"—a long and shapeless body
without an extremity ! The world, however, is not
without some consolation for the deficiency. If we
have not had a speech from Mr. Cobden as yet, we
have had its place supplied by " a row;" and as pretty
a row as was ever witnessed within the walls of the
British Parliament, or of any other public assembly !
We shall not attempt to describe this got-up scene
—so peculiarly O'Connellite in its character and ob-
jects. It was not convenient, as was justly observed
by Lord Sandon, for the member for Stockport to
reply to the convincing arguments and facts of Sir
Robert Peel by an impromptu effort. The opportunity
must be afforded him of distorting them at leisure, and
arranging his ordinary claptraps and sophistries for a
set display. Mr. Cobden is not an extempore orator,
in the true sense of the term. He is not the man to
grapple on the instant with a powerful opponent; and
hence was raised the demand, for an adjournment of
the debate, to enable this small politician, and the
lesser lights by whom lie is surrounded, to twinkle
upon some other night, when the memory of the Pre-
mier's masterly and statesmanlike effort shall not start
forth so prominently upon the scene to " pale their in-
effectual fires," and shame their pigmy strength.
They were afraid, forsooth, that, at so late an hour,
their various effusions would not be adequately re-
and that the country would thus be de.
ported 69 ;
prived of the exceeding light which they are to throw
upon the important subject under discussion !

That so extraordinary a demand should have been
resisted is not, under all circumstances, and especially
when we consider the exceeding value of the time of
Parliament at this period of the session, a matter to
excite surprise. That it was resisted without success
we scarcely regret; for we know nothing which would
have more greatly advanced the cause of League agi-
tation out of doors than the existence of the slightest
ground for the imputation that its quackeries were
not listened to within the House of Commons. Un-
reasonable though it may be that an assembly of Eng-
lish gentlemen are to wait upon the convenience of the
member for Stockport—unreasonable though it may be
that a debate upon the Corn-laws, or any other sub-
ject, cannot be concluded until this petty personage
chooses to say his say—We are more ready to give
him, if he choose it, a night to himself (!), and the en-
tire space of the Times, Herald, Chronicle, and Post,
wherein to record his sayings, than permit him to
trumpet it to the world that he—Mr. Richard Cobden
—is so redoubtable a fire-eater in the arena of Par-
liament, that his opponents dare not afford hint room
for the full developement of his stupendous abilities !

A case. it appears, has recently occurred, in which
the respectable house of Baring Brothers and Co. have
had seized, by the Custom-house authorities in London,

i!afgo of faciothatitifeitited goodti, etiftsighed tai
them from the United States, snot' goods being folic'
on examination to be fraudulently
name of a British manufacturer: 'I he object a the
importer appears to have been to procure their re-
shipment, as British manufactures, to some of our
colonial possessions. For this purpose, no doubt, they
stamped With the
were placed in the hands of Messrs. Baring{ by some
of their American correspondents ; but whilst
in the
course of landing from an American ship, the
Ni
oaara,
a portion of them came under the examination f the
Customs officer, and the fact of the counterfeited marks

was discovered.
ercantil
Now, to any one at all acquainted
with m
most_
al
pOrtSreei;
transactions, the circumstance that even the
spectable house may become apparently implicated
a transaction of a complexion so dishonest is not at "
a matter of wonder. The return to British
British-manufactured goods which are found nn;
saleable, is a thing of every day occurrence, and 1s
duly provided for, especially in the commercial regu"
States,
lations lations between this country and the United
The exporter in America, in the case before us, we
go before the British Consul and certify, we believe onoath, that the shipment was one of returned British-
manufactured goods. The importers would receive
the
the invoice so certified, and would enter them
'Whether the
usual course of business as such goods.
arrangements of the Custom-house in London al:
sufficiently stringent to provide against possible frau°.
is riot a question with which we have now to do;
in:
this is certain, that any respectable house, dealing
respectable connexions abroad, would, having n° reason
to suspect fraud, treat any shipment made to then
accord with their l of advice; and ~0 doubt
such was the course wiethtters the firm of Baring in the

case before us. ; boa
But the opportunity of a ease of fraud having
attempted, in which -a political opponent could, by fib;
possibility, be for a moment implicated, was "t t° :
omitted by the emissaries of the Anti-corn-law Leagtiliei:
and accordingly, at a meeting held at the Eng
Opera House, Mr. John Bright thus remarked ulr.
the occurrence in question There was a large
cantile house in this country with which a mast. ti,
tinguished member of the House of Lords was
e%O
mately connected"—(of course Lord Ashburton' is
nobleman referred to). " That noble Lord had lat 0,
been to the United States, to enter into certain aerlifie
tiations, but not for a repeal of the corn laws' the
veracious leaguer then read a paragraph froth re.
London Times, in which the seizure of the g°°"l3
ferred to is mentioned, and having done 80, Pr°,ceede rtoa
to the utterance of a tissue of abuse of Lord Ash°
oto
because his lordship has been guilty of the 116%0
crime of opposition to the reckless projects 01
Anti-corn-law League. $
Of course, it is unnecessary for us to enter ar,
defence of Lord Ashburton against a charge so
lord,
tonly slanderous. We believe, in fact, that house of
ship has as little to do with the affairs of the h $
Barings as John Bright himself ; and except such
man, no one could be found sufficiently ignoraagro
suppose that, even were he now the head of that Ali.
he would be so familiar with the details of their 01.00%.
farious transactions as to be brought into cog°
of this or any particular transaction.

We have seen, since what precedes was wowlieb,
letter from Messrs. Baring, the substance of Iv
will be found elsewhere, and which very satisfact(gl
explains the whole transaction.

LOCAL NEWS.

We understand that Mr. Tertius Thompson, fora3„o`ll;ila
this town and resident at Wavertree hes_ been.aPpraet
British Vice-Consul for St. Malo and gt. Server), 0(0
and 110"
is, at present, at the vice-consulate, St. 1%1810,
his functions. derstapd
NATIONAL SCHOOLS' ANNIVERSARY.--W`' nhoo.19
the annual sermon in behalf of the funds of the ee bed ea
connexion with the Established Church, will be Pre3G bY tb6
the 20th June next, and not on the 18th, as fornaerPre, ld
Rev. C. A. Thurlow, M.A., rector of Malpas, Cbeshal Oleo
these schools there are 12,000 children, receiving „olio'
Scriptural education, and we hope the appeal for 511 Pr
not be made in vain. islster.
The legislator
EMIGRATION TO TILE UNITED STATES.
r
of the State of New York has reduced the charge at t"-k
pital money," upon all steerag arsseonrg4eras. ari;:eti,tootshiec;
port of New York, from one deollpa
it used to be, to 25 cents, or about is. sterling sac relief
effect on the Bth May, 1843. This will be a grejatoo raj
the poorer class of emigrants, and cannot beirnadTto p..reltris
rally known both in this country and in Ire
the old rate being still exactedn from them, o
custom, at the time of paying their passage-t"°
as
ell b;;;Xeri
or their subordinates.
SITE FOR THE NEW BOROUGH PRISON.--P.-geeCtIPP2:4I:I
tion have, we hear, bought from Thomas' Haig aer
M.P., the mansion called Wavertree-ball andu t
land surrounding it, as the site for the new Peri,,,id lbtjto
The purchase-money amounts to £lO,OOO. TheLl—seatht,
on the north, to the Botanic Gardens, on t'',,a Manli-,1
Wavertree-lane, on the east, to the Liverpool Orme ovte
ter Railway, and on the west to Rake-lane. then'' ela:nt;
_ and occupiers of the numerous elegant villas in „mloat','"
bourhood are, we hear, greatly annoyed at the dete' •Qbbow.
of the Corporation to erect the prison in their nel'
hood. utading
LAUNCH.—Yesterday was launched from the fa" et, ,:-t
yard of Messrs. Joseph Steel and Son, Baffin'sool;
" Dorisana," a splendid new ship of 450 toos,hotee,,
When the augers were withdrawn, she glided 00,,` ot stYwi
into the bosom of her destined element in gall'icone,
amidst the plaudits of a numerous and respectable 0,000,10;
of highly gratified spectators. The beauty of her 64bieh .00
the excellence of her materials and workmanshiP ‘deptstol
not to be surpassed), together with her admirable 8 spirant
carry and sail well, reflect great credit to ber.,"„on
builders, and, at the same time, much honour see
veft,r
good old town, where the arts and sciences klllotesseapo
e
any other town in the three kingdoms. The !ea °
now lies in the Queen's Dock, the admiration of
bar
who
L haAUNCHa visite—Ah s 450 be lod er. lilP
plendid new vessel, of about tb ja
then admeasurement, was yesterday launched from ere• rot
ing-yard of Messrs. Wilson and Son, North 51400 te,o6
model she is a complete clipper, possessing what atearli Por,
a codfish-head and a mackerel-tail, having a PecluoYaletel
entrance and run, with all the advantages of bearn, or"--0
and ample deck room. At about 12 o'clock trio,' deo
" spl.t wedges, out oakum, chisels, and wedges, roent,elo
daggers," were successively given • but foraml3„hcled 1101
hesitated, and then in the most graceful' rnanne,l:e:rs dor
her destined element, amidst the prolonged c" 0, $l,O,
thousands who had, notwithstanding the slightrig the .11-01
bled to witness the interesting sight. She is Celle 1,0004
rick, (from, we believe, Lawriek Castle,) and was c'sbelvl
by the lady of H. Matheson, Esq., of this town. so,
built, we learn, for a London house, by whom geaher
son and Son were especially selected to undertake 'Jogged 70
pletion. It is not yet decided whether she will hef reeistrbe
a barque or a brig. It is a circumstance worthy °which
_,„6
that this vessel was built on the same slip 000 iper"-
Bentinck was launched, thus showing how speedily so"cy.
in our navy might be effected in case of an emerge sr. P'
ar
COLLEGIATE INSTITUTIOY.—On Tuesday last,. $
F. Aldridge, the rising and talented leader of tn,ecoll
monic Society, destined, we predict, one day to ;encore
conspicuous ornament to his native town, elicit he 0.
course of four lectures on instrumental music, w igr•
ll
sunned on Friday evening. In
dridge traced the origin of instrumental niusie, ,al.'eb it 110,
it through the gradual but slow improvements Greep
cessively received from the Egyptians, Hebre,"P' ers r;
geu
and Romans, these two lecture% 00.1 C,
omens, and, in after times, from Europea jog tre
to the time of Boccherini. The first lecture, be . 0001
historical, afforded no opportunity for the illustrat,i, 0014
add so much zest to lectures of this description, aria__ dforeol
classical, was necessarily dry. The second lectur
scope for a better display; and the two trios be .uni,
Boccherini, as well as the quintett by Boeeberij, a° that
duced, were exquisite performances, and reeei,,ie, audienatte
deserved, the loud applause of a highly respect"
of oar eor tvt
amongst which we noticed various members "11`nd tba.oe.
council. The lecture of this evening, however' and
tbe
Friday, comprising as they do illustrations frour,dwebertierf
of, the works of Haydn. Mozart, Beethoven, an will be tife•
first instrumentalists Who have as yet appeared,
aortic
oco
much more interesting, -and must prove MOIL assiatatra-
Mr. Aldridge has been fortunate in obtaining triZ,,, o°4 to
of entlemen so well qualified to do justice to Totre,lrot
tons; and if the other members of which lais ore., the
be comaposed be of the same grade of excelleneeerollei
which. is to be furnished to the members of tb
or'
Institution will be of no common order. Sat J
n'clocic cal (be°
FIRE IN FORMBY-STREET.—About one - „„ebou to
day morning, the policeman on duty in the lieeibbelief.ed'eof
discovered a fire on the premises, belonging' _ll,outb °roof
Messrs. Ashton and Ginn, boatbuilders, on belonging' 6re-Prog
Formby-street, and adjoinin the west wall of u'h., tbeg..d
warehouses that were preservged from destrue.
fire in September last. The greatest activity
nature
f die
by all parties, and the utmost exertions emPlnY—ture inr'
the start the fire had obtained, and from the tke., an
premises, being the smithy carpenters' sholrassuluertion
rounded by piles of dry planks, the fire ha deatiliv'oel
could
atlhdeb
op remises, alarming appearance, and had nigh comPleted tbeethe eaagolora
befjors 01 a s
ieeffese,etwohaellreiinntoit
poiraivg.inated,
step in"%ited, aeljoolci
were burnt y interior aple g_r water b tbe
tbr°lodia,
quantity of wood deafoyed, before a sufficiencle7
be obtained ; however, some hoses were Pass merits', ovs'
dock wall, and planted in the dock with great a :ts.for, ger
a few minutes after the engines got into full PlaY' 0011 at
here viss • ha
considerably abated • and, by two o'clock, t lt j„ tie:
any fear that it would extend beyond the Om_`:", oear_*
first taken possession of, and which were T.'lieeroueoiroe
molished. The engines however, were keinesvalla led t°
work for gear an hour 'afterwards. The boon:i;olveY.teti
other articles out of the office, were secured,.__%te
a house in the neighbourhood. We believe item". froni
in the smithy, to which, and the shops owe right bree!_"„tor'
ter for
adjoining, it was confined. • There was "
a t fa"'°arabirfigaPlo
about south-west, which was from
as it co jbueli. corn% fort,
the *nowtellth!totlb
preventing its extension,
from the surrounding sheds, timber, and °and OillbooPrei
materials. Mr. srs. Ashen
man, had examined placM end and left all safe,_ab
late,ool._
at eight o'clock on the previous night. %19,1"whichlosoThicrie
must, however, have escaped his observatru_ateria folualf
mere . me
a for iipotl op- •
surrounded it, eventually burst out in
dared for a time, and, owing to the ignitable re...ble tb
of flame. Under all circumstances? been et
the Pc°l r the hible
it is unrt tittle #O,
docks was very fortunate, for had it not
_re than Soeibeo;
frfeead after trbrit so,
which the engines obtained thence,
that the whole yard would have been in a a"`' the 0 co 3
of flame. The usual deficiency
again here manifest. A full hour bad
elaPtban ; 'hic -
the ea
mencement before there was any water in d foto bove
tame _,A
not been for the opportune supplY ob wow..
a much more serious destruction of propr_red.
sued. The premises, we understand, are u"
of Water

0 l'iqk Tilt/0 tiA,sss.
sentitnies to prove uttractiVe i thfl vu.
Provided Ofording.much entertainment.
et
Tits Cilisrtse m
Made to this ExiliaoN.—Some additions have he collection since our last notice. This museum
°al
is well worthy of a visit, as tending to impart not amusementY, but instruction to the spectator.
beporßeATEl PROM BUBNlNG.—Ye.sterdary aen ibnoqduyest was held
of Patrick
the borough coroner, on view o th
Do 1
°,an, aged five years. On the 29th ult. dec.eilisieziew,aies
;`4g before the fire, when a little girl pushed hi and iell across the fender. and lin falling knocked down a. tea-pot,.
from the hob into the tire,' the steam from which, flying on',
.
scalded him 80 dreadfully on the neck and breast that, ,i.!(.
lingered until Pride last, when he died. Verdict, • Au-1-
dental death." y
14)8.11• 1!" DEATR.—An inquest was held y.esterday before
Zasceased touching the death of Ellen Bridge. Thed
..
,ed aged 47, was a servant and resided in Brownio sise
i)en2riday, while she was at work cleaning the house, 81
ibli• •••403 pioddenly ill, and was soon afterwards found to be
ifo"onds,but faAdesdu,r eon was called, and he attempted to draw
hgand deceased died in about 20 minutesn_
terwards. On an examination after death, it was found
veart,r.uPtore of a blood vessel had taken place in the b
met accordingly, " Natural causes."
,:._Ra UPON PUBLICANS AND BEERSELLERS.—Twenty-
llMGroaations were heard on Friday, at the Police-court,u._
'ilgainst Publicans and beersellers. Twelve were against n
cans, and fourte gdainfst beersellers. Those Those againstP the
Publicans were en
a
:—One (a second of-
el
was fined raendocoassts •nten were fined £2 eaelial)d
':8; and one was fined £1 and costs. The informations
afi4„slost the beersellers were thus disposed of :—Twos.l, were,.,
eVal2•3 each and costs ; five £5 each and costtsw;,o !n,.-t_.l..
orations
nd costs ; and one acquitted. There were
harbouring the:_ ns against the vendors of table beer for
.___in
d xo and
costs, !r places disorderly characters ; one was tine
14i and the other was acquitted.
last s,,B_ r LAIS CONCERT.—We were grtifistl on
vere 418 ay evening to find that this young lady's talents
influehtiaYlaPPl:eeiated'
by the attendance of a ntusm.neroaunsy
'Peet orn,i "ditory, nor were the entertainmen
they
The tri„ thy of the distinguished patronage. received.arield-
which b were given with a truth to time. and harmony,
111 is, stesPake a thorough knowledge of musical attai.ntme Flint:
lad of ji)itet,was most deservedly encored in the favoursi,
Peace
°I the \rail' Cs)tive Greek Girl," by Hobbs. The
that elicitedll' Was
given
bY
bY islis, s
.engthened applauAsiei.ss Tsll;eBl:valal'and'Aofit'h:Da oPnaatlitil°,24
herea,d (wwitla Was exeedingly pleasing. Mademoiselle Ric-
e' a m ‘3,1 this occasion made her debut in public,)both
par-0,07 in°slttrialtiqutaii/.0.cal promise of future excellence , _
vocal performer. Mr. Ro ?del
song os,aCerY finelaOolned, and was loudly encoreda ine the
We are pie I! Wav'd the Summer Woods." Of Melsornt'rneanc
elation: her to be enabled to speak in terms of
Parity cf intaoavre..r totes possess a richness ornequality, and
t with: her
8:41g of ',my e,;jl.°ln, which are rarely to
,b
gyve Leach (fro I dhood's Home," was sweetly sung. Aa In rd.
lIIIICh
~,, good test: the Southampton Concerts) pp
Usti satisfaction. Mr. Eyton conducted with his
and ability.
OTRALING I r'
t'ere har' d - '4ll:l.—William Jones and
.Edward Evans
'olice.cotfret before Messrs. Rathbone and Pcrciaval at the
cart,' the
ProPerta of ,',.."
was left.on Saturday, with having. stolen n
Mar Evans. The cart in question, it appears,
$ cart bolo some waste land near the Borough
.. rs. Evans ,
%I S liglng to NI had been preciously d
aturda cart, he Y morning Mrs. Evans 's son missed. 3
working
near the 8 made inqUirY from a labourer who w
45f thatP°t a, whencessetocol eni'l .
, and was informed that two men had
ftoauknedn iat
carter, oan,nl„,°riag• After some search,
Pl°Yed hi---"' -nnYd, who informed him that Evansa
man
atood
~,..1.;1 Plat rnorning to take his horse to whgveans went
to rhi,',l"ol' draw it to the North Haymarket. hadtll e carteni -
I n f o r -
Illation
.rtb IlaYttarket and there found his cart.
loPrebnd:Vl glven to the Police and both prisoners were ap-
JanesJu '•,,,;tt appeared that 'Evans had deliveredthe cart
that
rie i`, hen apprehended Evans told the officerthe
Hay-
rok.k__reti directed by Jones to' take the cart
market been
be sold.
Initted Before the magistrates, he stnai
for t‘he cart three days ago. The prisoners were THR,-; tria said
heecohread-
Thoolas „awcroft BY A LODGER
Pereilli sl.--At the Police-court, on Saturday,
was plced before Messrs. Rath o_ne,and
Bled
, charged with ha{ng robbed Mr. George. Ta lot*.
'edged ni,.'• td. evington-hill. The prisoner and his father
Ith kr.
time
Taylor. The latter has, from time to
always
kissedbo), from his till within the bar, though
Tlair (tihe °°neYsdrawer and the door of the bairieltonck.
eel;
nee'
11Ta )4 aY night last, after the prisoner had gone_
ed bran°.
47: isatnill;?otcliPlaedel i the drawer a quantity of n? k
Ihe bar ;he and the bar-door as usual. Nest mrournp:
„„ want down stairs and found the prisoner erarained-''',oloneY-drawer were locked. The drawer was
been
taken frorYnen Mr. Taylor found that 2s. 41-hadf
milk
and gotne bred The prisoner had before him a jug
tenet. in 1..0., mt. ,
the
al.
tie here and
~_ Taylor went to the baker andrimsoinlke-r
had beeoutll neigunourhood and discovered that the P
Amongst
had pu' regaled bread and milk..
coin which' at both places, Mr. Taylor found porutoansenof.nthtee
enstedy,he had marked. The prisoner was k i
U s'li, e was searched at Bridewell, where keys,
were
Unlockedodi
h:..e door
01, Of M Tresy bar and the till,
Ittitut?-18 P-e-et• He committed for trial. which
144 a, Wii)!JNbIL---SATuftpAy EVENING.—The state of
olnrte
-.-
Nes to iz' the progress of the repeal agitation there, cmontg
the heo , e aubject of painful interest in the Cit, and.
13,..e erntePrtleai
nedhe Stock Echange apprehensions appeared to
effect, that , rumours indeed were in circulation to the
4t barirdiole event of a portentous character was closer
unds
;erell4rangaes ati,,,from the surface of affairs, or even the fiery
affect °f
b" COnnell, might be suspected. T
illoc!itied i
Per y this sort of general impressionb, andin Consols
96k to i
f th for soon "uto the closing quotations
or the n„ .eY anti this account, with a heavyeaPgpea. appearance;
I,Was 180'ennig they vvere however, 9fik to i•
~'efore •
° that India St' k 265 to 7
mleta wouldtl
ror ,i,_ au.l, ...at s
-enor'Cgrec is by no. keemSt,o.catkes
hotsistne.post of pri,b, Niin•
)11 Spanish Stoc'' stßheanfsavouri
a received to-day that
isltielar at Madrid among the specoi
bitlet:l declined to unde4rst'kas the
noennstruction of a new Ca-_
difficultyaethe
oc f ,
the e:)rttle:ctcotiot of the
koPositionobtaining a rilaJontyo
°,BuPport his administration, and the. consequentprices
of the ~, the post to (mozaga, rallied the ‘
)2* to
, ,dew Threes to 323. Senor
and of Active Fives to _ .
t,)u.Dve erred were Ili to t
Portuguese
. erted 401 to to 12, Passive 4i to i•
Half per Cents
tit °, 4, the p. • 100 T
Two-and-a-.
o .3s•
raziiiati '
102 i t ' 1
ive per Cents 100 io 4. Belgian • 041
to .). i 4 to 5. Mexican 291 to 30k• Colombian -
(P Trißki,
Prid,„st,it RoAt..---The Theatre Royal closed suddenly
aothi ss iast. The s
' and an unPr°-
rite one, Air. vv.
jeason has been a long
against bad
4'1.4, prejudice and Hananaond has struggled
and perseve-
LiLi that dese neglect, with a firmness
been awarded
jt'" lie h rve a better fate than hasthepublic,
eye, as endeavoured to suit the palate of
D 1.,. cry shape his me
duce d hi s
he'llsaand dranlas
in
aasntsl:ould allow
;h
ihnasthPeroprovincea;
it°eket'hisotp.rill, bY unprecedentedstep::inint
n of the beaten path, to win
h_toeraii,"„2Ke,.a salile and an open hnd from
.thsoese h
but
rr e we'l,,e alive to reward those hoesw eek to pie,
l', test I'4:v tl
e I.e
titherextaordinary fact before our eyes
of the
e of
.ir ti,..d Port kingdom, (the modern Florem.. t a
t:teot rile:tar.),wi 300,000 inhabitants, unable to suppor_
thesih'ti it bee. said an it be that the drama is out of,rep t
tnuern.ed
hti,r babe
u_that the mass of the public h-
voeprietors
kijethoothtP_°_ne the patent theatr.e because its
and cPormpel that
,4teiri
.triottbid:rbpyetrbteo
esounpitsrortttheairderiwgliitts
h,those deputed to
I:tftlit to i_sUch agreetnentsae made
have heard those
cause
„._lie pr„!ew
.better upbraid Mr. Hammond as theact% _
4"r:ti 04
1,47 11t10118, and blame him for any dilemmalsc
kepi Unhiusbflav,e got into, who have barefacedly, wantonly,
Is•
this
Ilt";14e Han ruin and defiance.justicefattbrop
proprietors, co-
pk:4°Polt%rec,eilve cner'tainhe tenantrivle Privileges--these privileges privileges of
Ichiridnss,tharitel_tes not permittPed to enjoy—heg naturally com-
ri . belfi c, ontract is not fulfilled, and because his land._
vile r therasel
that they have a right of
tr ,ice, tis,. , . ves. to show.
t against
tool tlaiow;lo' public opn runs in a rapid eurren
d.
m_.,
4it ea, °,_`l. and to him is attached all the oiu i'
sots ter... 100 called—of being a persecutor !We have
. \V" exPtessi
numbers of per-
oftk eh._ calve of this feeling from ninl
absence
1,,,,g0,
wove seen the feeling carried out in the
ee.
so tedv I'° once graced the boxes by their presen..
fed ' with the b
day—Comedy, with
of th_ the „„__, est actors of the.
the works
4 too,' hiRhQ ':,' and merriest faces—Opera, in
composition of
,aittio, °atom
..:_ass, down to the graceful
fford
toe e'llient ri "11°,0 only hope and wish was to a.t.
te
kcen Xistilk, 0 t.hose around him—nothing could propi ia
tqtY, 4Preidice. Sterling merit in acting, spectacle,
411,, it decoration, have all been tried, and
feeling
and
with those
rOOOO ere de'e:lnd, strange to say, sympathised .
tli4,,Poly th'l4eqlY in the wrong. As to the principle of
the's 0p44 1.4 t Is Ik different question. We say, throw the
of elisfe ' .01 with • -• • which shall prevent
i, trl,„ nee of „ certain restrictions,
and sin
ilevu ily thou cheap theatricals," for the crime_. _
If°,r th.lt it .lamal may be ascribed to this cause:— e
w be-
..rl e't M-ern It' to appropriate a night or two
1,4 I„ nefit of
‘, p it 1011
-est 44Pport ~., Lne company, and it is 0
t be hoped that a
done their
of co hotte7..nl be rendered to those who have
tilts' Unkiod",Phaps many a weary hour, and
that some
hl)riato':*-I,Ve . teellog may be abated which unquestionably
"'tile '4 Of fill''rceive from the Bristol papers, that the pro-
ti i'neot
of
~,e theatre ill that town which is under the mai
Ilato,°Z. Per shore Macready, have 'been paid a dividend. o
'e., Jaye also been very successful.

he tvai,bti

ME Sprin,

tty of tilt ,itin

k"•th TKO 13RITAN—NIA STEAM SHIP.
ot;lltk:iflrliN is a copy of the gratifying letter prolesesnit)fpdotioi
::,%erellit Lwlllitte,warndimander
.of,piins splendid steam
behalf of sttheeapassengers
NI :4, 'Nita'? ißteatn-slps"Aerirannia, on her. homewarsdnpgatao-
Illeeet :)'great .1'43, we take much pleasure 'a
expreualihmut a
e,kry km at satisfaction we have experienced thrc!
the
IN 5118, titidost pleasant passage, with
.the convenience,
h high
tad 't.sie hv.,
Lthe discipline of your ship, ~.1
YotirNill kti ' Qeeti led to entertain of your anility, ex erience,
4'54 treat, 11„c(In,, Yoander. Your excellent adminisotiteiornhaosf
!tr(l fetlitlliil:Pwo!ell the highest efficiency. an
.I.t,i %4,5_r the
pqturt ioth.the moat attent.ive asneodgaegsresn,tlemanly re-
has resulted
‘kTik td, IpfiTi!l of titi?etatoTonifdort of youi
d of passengers,
decorum on 14111,-
14 t,\Ve, f:ell }4°_,c to' adertheer'vaonyage unusually pleasant to us
1"lalt",,t1 an, I,4uchted also to the other officers of the ship,tis
'Ave' ''Y )the on board, for having contributed h
lootil trot aleeritY and the
but
faithfulness with whicltiothey
koti Ic the I,lled their respective duties. We cannot .
th, !tiot4,°P that the superior Speed, safety, and acco.m
Alx.',,ittrts'.' this line of noble steamers will aid in nilcarlocasaionl
4 7!e4, trtle between the. People of Great ',°3lt) erebv 44
to NI Dee. engthening and consolidatingatßr relations
NI I, '''rd
Per,r, 'e•
-"ecesa '441 consideration for your future w r
We relfare,
!1,1 You arduous and responsible calling, and
eunain, in behalf of the passengers,
_a_ne.
laliconA.As tuxowrETL,
LFaNvrassittioglto,ol,l
j3.(2
110RACR MANN, Boston.
" TuotuAs Cock, New York. .
11'4 n
" lIENRY C. CORBIT, Philade!phia.
'itPtin J 1 ,„r. C. NV. PIERCE, England.'
-iespls.,_° In tiewltt, of the Roval
ket tritatinia, Nlay 13, 1843."

_ 0----______
C 11liESPON--DENCE—:
l'o
INk l'ilk W0131:1 -------
44t 4,-,1 1-).11'0/ „SIDE STEAMERS
\V„,l'ith„ Pere• tuP THE Livp . -
ti, 'othipi" th,vvive b„ _n . ..HPOOL STAADARD.
1147 oty .
eqe p_ t so„,,_Y:ric o.tice. to correspondents in your
to 71), t„:"ra'..i. is wishing the directors of the
t'liht and build make use of the screw in the new vessel
ott Ntliriend
iflithough myself ;NI :41)14t,,gee anotterwise to the scram 11 I Pmuch
" friend to ir9 rove-
(4lS(4ll4 ofetn b„ . imPro„ment yv-IPIPeI eridirectors
k ee4l tkir„. the veasarried out by it v" lic it le
.ng
a,
tte e, „ leg 4 „_ el, and
_,
~ . , i 7.., that of steer' . L
rivl (I ,L4ed
cant wonds:., uo.iating the necessity of beckt-
%ll,' ql/4t the.set suablue .811 P, which is found so objec-
iitevtilqi:':ett the hlittle vess,!lierions delays. Besides, lam in-
j: theivery e:h.pre,s::_whiFh has been at work. on the
N'bat ferry ut10„8 how
j?rineiple ; if so, the directors
h C,, °I, aral, 1, / a t4er eMplOy such means to im-
1140i ---.._____, 0, 1843 al, Sir, your 's respectfully,
teca4 It IN • A. 13•
44 tiltriteseti °,llltNa
tt t,ip 4, of ,v4.lPnk" lettVr MIX. CORDEN.—CoI. TorrenS
t 4 kitl;ouptilleh he h. to Mr.
Cobden on the sublect of
Aki caret'. ti_ Of whim_ds been a Zealous advocate since 1815
tp 04 '4O th 'll he wish
Y itr, retitrd tir Which IVIr. Cobding
4111t4Iny doeel • aceornplisbmonten ofis thepursu
oblect
r°ll4 tO Promote.

eflttkv titotikilEtt

In 01'4 STAIMARD of the 6th last., we published a deecri,
lion of A small iron veseel, called the " Liverpool Screw,
built by Messrs. Mather, Dixon, and Grantham, and worked
by a screw.. At our request the builders hale furnished us
with further particulars of her dimensions and power, which
answer the inquiries of a correspondent i❑ our last. The
vessel is 65 feet between the perpendiculars, and 12 feet 6
inches brain ; her average draft of water when ready for work
is 3 feet 9 inches ; she is worked by two cylinders 13 inches
diameter, and IS inches stroke, and when light averages
about 85 revolutions per minute. The boiler is on the loco-
motive principle, and the usual pressure of the steam 50 lbs.
per square inch, and is sometimes increased to 561bs. Ex-
pansion valves arc always used, which cut off the steam at

sue-fourth of the stroke—thus by making allowance for the

pressure in the blast pipe, and for the operation of the ex-
pansion, which wire-draws the steam at closing, the actual
power is equal only to a boiler pressure of from 27 lbs to
30 lbs per square inch.
In comparing this with the nominal horse-power of the
vessels against which she has been running, which generally
have a pressure of 71ba. per square inch on the boiler, and
13lbs. in the condeneer, (equal to a boiler pressure of 201b5.)
and the piston working 200 feet per minute, makes the
power employed in the screw vessel from 19 to 21 horses.
We may add a few particulars of a trip made by her on
Friday last, which was taken in order to test her power of
towing. Mr. Pendleburv, agent for the Duke's, Captain
Foulkes, manager of the Duke's steamers, and other gentle-
men interested in the carrying trade, accompanied her. She
was matched against the Bridgewater, one of the best tow-
boats on the river for her power. The " Screw" had five
Wits, and the Bridgewater seven.
The nominal power of the former is 20, and of the latter
is :34 horses. With these respective loads the screw-boat
occupied 1 hour and 47 minutes from the Duke's Dock to
the dock at Runcorn, beating the Bridgewater a few minutes—
showing a superiority in the screw of about 25 per cent. in
proportion to the nominal horse-power. But it has since
becu found from actual measurement that the respective
power was as 163 to 300, shewing a still greater advantage
in favour of the screw.

The little vessel, in a short time after her arrival at Run-
corn, started for Weston Point. In the canals it is found that
the screw has not the least effect on the banks, and that the
disturbance in the water is no more than if the same vessel
was tracked by horses. At Weston Point, the canal being
deep, the steamer could make more speed than is usually
thought advisable in other places. She, however, took a flat
in tow for nearly half the distance ; and with this incum-
brance, and the engine working slowly, she performed four
miles in 36 minutes. An engineer belonging to the navigation
accompanied her, and expressed himself satisfied that no in-

jury to the banks could be caused by her.
She then proceeded at full speed up the winding and beau-
tiful River (Weaver), and arrived, after a most delightful
sail, at Northwich. Here she took on board a large party,
and proceeded to Winsfotd, but, owing to the numerous nar-
row turns in the river, her speed could not be maintained.
The next morning she returned to Westonpoint, running the
distance from Northwich in two hours and twenty-five
minutes, including the delays in the locks.
From this she started for Liverpool, the wind blowing very
strongly against her, and the river very rough. Shortly
after starting she overtook the Alice tow-boat, of 70 horse-
power, with three flats in tow, one heavy and two light. Our
little vessel took the loaded flat in tow, and now commenced
a struggle. The short and angry sea continually breaking
over the flats, and almost hiding them from the crew of the
steamers ; and here, more than ever, the triumphant superi-
ority of the screw was shewn. In spite of the disturbed state
of the water and the plunging of the vessels, it maintained its
usual uniform speed, and soon left the Alice in the distance.
On reaching Liverpool she again proceeded on her way and ran
down the channel for some miles, but, as the tide was falling,
the water became smooth, and she, therefore, returned to
her moorings.
When she left the Duke's Dock on Friday, she had 18 cwt.
of coke and 4 cwt. of coal on board ; to this was added 111
cwt. of coke at Northwich ; and with this fuel she performed
all the work above described, and when she came to an an-

chor at 3/ p.m. on Saturday, she had about 7 cwt. remaining.
The steam was up from 7 a.m. on Friday till 8/ p.m. The
fires were kept up all night, and at 6 a.m. on Saturday she
again got up steam, and continued till 34 p.m. The quan-
tity of fuel consumed was consequently very small.
Thus, under all the circumstances by which a steamer can
be tested, (say our informants,) has this little vessel proved
the advantage of the principle on which her machinery is
constructed. We are informed that the same principle may
be applied to vessels of the largest class, with low-pressure
engines, and without employing spur wheels or straps, or
any of the complicated machinery which has hitherto ob-
structed the progress of this important improvement in
steam navigation.

MEETING OF THE POLYTECHNIC SOCIETY.

CHANGES IN METALS WHEN WORKED UNDER VARIOUS

CIRCUMSTANCES

(Concluded from our last paper.)

Zinc and hard steel (continued Mr. Adie) had the property
when heated together of generating thereto-electric currents
of opposite kinds. On repeating the experiment with steel
and silver, he found the result to be the same for both ; that
the current reversed on reaching the temperature of 240 deg.
He could never detect a difference in the grain of zinc which
had been exposed for years to the fluctuation of the weather,
but when exposed to a high temperature, on roofs, it was
sometimes complained that it became brittle.

He next noticed some other experiments on cast metals,
and stated, in detail, the following results :—Lead, zinc, and
tin were highest in density when quickly cooled ; lead and
tin lost density by annealing ; in pure silver the density was
lowest when quickly cooled ; and copper resembled it in this
respect ; rolled and drawn copper on annealing retained its
density with much uniformity, though repeatedly heated to a
dull red heat and plunged in water; but cooled once from a
higher temperature it lost three-fourths per cent. An ex-
periment made on soft steel, by hardening it repeatedly, and
restoring it to its original soft state, showed that it still re-
tained its specific gravity without alteration, and that flaws
in this metal are not, as supposed by some, generated by
often repeated hardening, which might, however, be a test of
its soundness.

The high temperature required for melting iron had pre-
vented him from trying how far itgained or 10-t in density by
quick cooling. " Its specific gravity„' says Turner, " may
be estimated at 7.7, but it varies slightly according to the
degree to which it has been rolled, hammered, or drawn, and
it is increased by fusion." The increase in density was, he
(Mr. A.) believed, by fusion and slow cooling. Rolled or
drawn iron retained a uniform density, when long annealed,
at a temperature of 530 deg. He next noticed some experi-
ments by the galvanometer on pieces of hard drawn wire,
cut in two, and one half annealed ; the )unction of these
caused a deflection of the needle. Iron with a high heat
changed quickly in texture; the bruised or crushed crystals
re-formed themselves, as in zinc. Its natural texture was
said to be fibrous, but a granular, or crystalline appearance
was often seen at a fracture. This might, perhaps, arise to
some extent from the carbon it contained—about one-half
per cent.

While attending another society that met at the Royal
Institution, he had heard Mr. Airy, the astronomer royal,
state of iron ships, that it would be necessary from time to
time to examine their compasses, for plates of iron were sup-
posed to change their nature with age; in support of which,
he said he had seen broken anchors at the dock-yards with a
crystalline fracture, where the makers of them were certain
that the texture once was fibrous. Anchors were made of
pieces of hammered or rolled iron, and were, consequently,
at one time, fibrous ; and the question was, whether the
change was produced by subsequent working, or by time.
He was inclined to believe, that the variation in the fracture
of iron, from fibrous to crystalline, took place at very high
temperatures, while heated for working, and that it was un-
changeable in texture to any practical extent by time. Al-
though cold hammering was fatal to its texture in some
cases of management, in wire drawing it was extensively
worked in a cold state without any loss of strength. If annealed
from time to time, iron wire could be reduced in section to
1-400th of the thick wire originally commenced with ; and
though cold at the time of drawing, it went through this great
reduction, retaining its tenacity and strength more than any
other metal. If drawn repeatedly without annealing, it be-
comes hard, fissures appear, and it breaks in pulling it
through the plate.
The lecturer then, in conclusion, recapitulated the results
of his several experiments of the effects of hard and soft
pieces of metal in the galvanometer, the changes of density
produced by rapid or slow cooling, and the effects of anneal-
ing on the grain and density of the several metals. He sat
down amidst much applause.
A brief discussion then ensued, in which the Chairman,
and several members practically acquainted with the working
of metals, took part. A gentleman said he had found the
largest crystals he had ever seen in a broken link of a chain
cable which had long lain in salt water. A conversation
then arose as to whether the change was produced by any
chemical action in the water, or from the previous and final
working of the iron at a very high temperature, or under
such management as altered its texture at the forge ? The
last opinion appeared to be generally entertained by the
meeting. With respect to cast iron, several extraordinary
instances were adduced of large castings that had been long
immersed in salt water becoming of a soft nature, easily cut,
or, in other words, converted into plumbago. Mr. Smith
was of opinion that any change in cast iron was the result of
mechanical operation, and not any chemical effect upon it of
salt water. The President said the opinion that plates of iron
in a vessel underwent a change of texture from fibrous to
granulous, should be received with great caution, as expe-
rience left no ground for such an assumption. Mr. Adie
gave some satisfactory explanations of points in his lecture
in reply to members, and the thanks of the meeting were
awarded to him.

The CMAIRNIAN then stated that there would now be a
vacation of the society for three months, so that the next
meeting would be in September. He called the attention of
the members to the forthcoming polytechnic exhibition at
the Collegiate Institution, and exhorted such members as
could to assist it, by contributing models or other articles,
or by their services on committees. He anticipated that the
exhibition would excel all previous ones in the town, and its
object was one which they were peculiarly called upon to
encourage and promote. Their treasurer and secretary had
already given their valuable services in the cause, and be hoped
many others would follow their laudable example. This
suggestion was heard with much approbation. He also stated
that a volume of the transactions of the society for the last
year was in the press, and that members would in a short
time be supplied with copies, in a form which he trusted
would be acceptable.
The members then retired to the tea-room.

Last Tuesday's Gazette contains an official notification
that the Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to
be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, appointing Walter Francis Duke
of Buccleuch and Queensberry, K.G. ; the Right Hon. Henry
Pelham Pelham Clinton (commonly called Earl of Lincoln);
Robert Agliouby Slanev, Esq. ; George Graham, Esq. ; Sir
Henry Thomas De la Beche, Knt. ; Doctor Lyon Playfair ;
Doctor David Boswell Reid ; Professor Richard Owen ;
Captain 'William Thomas Denison ; James Ranald Martin,
Esq. ; James Smith, of Deanston, Esq. ; Robert Stephen-
son, Jun., Esq., and William Cubitt, Esq., to be her Ma-
jesty's Commissioners for inquiring into the present state of
large towns and populous districts in England and Wales,
with reference to the causes of disease among the inhabi-
tants ; and that the Queen has also been pleased to appoint
Henry Hobbouse, Esq., to be Secretary to the said Com-
mission.

The question as to the right of the Indian army to the trea-
sure taken at Hyderabad is naturally a subject of keen dis-
cussion in the Bombay papers. In the Gentleman's Gazette,
a new dailyjournal just started in that city, it is argued in
favour of the army. Here it is urged that the troops fought
a most decisive battle against fear ful odds, yet were victorious,
and dispersed the enemy, compelling the Ameers to surren-
der themselves and their capital ; and the fact is set forth that
the Ameers, with a view of making provision against the
worst, had concealed all the public treasure in a well. Infor-
mation of this was given to the general by some one in the
secret, on his taking occupation of the city with the
.very
troops who had beet! engaged in the battle, and a military
party being sent to dig up the treasure, it was fo
bars, and supposed to be worth 21 crores of rupees.d A case
un in gold
which is mentioned as likely to be cited against the claim of
the army is that of the Canton ransom. The
.Gentleman's
Gazette, however, observes that there is this difference be.
tween the two cases—that the Canton money being
.a ransom
was a droll of the crown, which bad been appropriated to a
specific purpose by act of Parliament ; whereas, in the Hydera-
bad case, the money belonged to the enemy, sod Was taken
possession of by the army.

ebbitii of PA6Atit, MiittAi, Moi 15th

(before Charles e.r,rtmlpton, ..rites&or,)

Tut v. LAWRENCE.—The plaintiff in this case is Mr.
Ebenezer Rae, a merchant, and the defendant is Mr. Thos.
Lawrence, omnibus proprietor. The declaration stated that
the plaintiff was possessed of a certain gig, which he was
driving along a certain highway, and that the defendant was
Fossesed of a certain omnibus which he, by his servants, was
also driving upon the same highway, when, in consequence of
the careless and negligent driving of the defendant's servant,
the omnibus was dashed against the plaintiff's gig. whereby
it was materially injured. The action was brought to recover
compensation for this alleged injury. The defendant pleaded
not guilty. Mr. James conducted the case for the plaintiff.
Mr. Arnold appeared for the defendant.
Mr. JAMES stated the circumstances. The plaintiff was a
gentleman of great respectability, residing at Aigburth ; and
on the 10th of April last he and his two sons were corning
from Aigburth to Liverpool, in a Waterford drag, which was
a vehicle to accommodate four persons, two of whom sat to
the back of the other two. Mr. David Rae, one of the plain-
tiff's sons, was driving : when in Great George-street, he obser-
ved two omnibuses coming from Liverpool, one of which be-
longed to Mr. Lockyer and the other to the defendant. The

defendant's, it appeared, was the oldest establishment upon
the road ; but, of late, another person named Lockyer had
sought to break in upon the monopoly which Mr. Lawrence
enjoyed ; and he (Mr. James) believed the practice on the
part of Mr. Lawrence, lately, had been to " sweep" the
road, in or,!er to drive off the intruder, who had no right
to set up an omnibus against the vested interests of the de-
fendant. It would appear that, on the day in question, the
omnibuses started somewhere about together from the Ex-
change, and Mr. Lawrence started to sweep the road ; but
having occasion to stop before he arrived in Great George-
street, Lacey, who was driving Mr. Lockyer's omnibus,
gained the advance. The defendant's omnibus then endea-
voured to overtake the other ; and Mr. Rae's son would
tell the jury that when they were going along Great George-
street, he observed the driver urging on his horses, in order
to overtake Lockyer's omnibus. He was alarmed lest some
accident should occur, and he thought it more safe to draw
up the gig, which he did close to the footway. When he
had done so, the wheel of the defendant's omnibus came in
contact with the wheel of the gig, broke the spokes, and
fractured both shafts. One of the young gentlemen (Mr.
H. C. Rae) at the back of the gig, immediately jumped off,
and took hold of the horse, which was then plunging, and
thus prevented further accident. He (Mr. James) was not
ignorant of what the defence was, because upon one occasion
Mr. Lawrence said to Mr. David Rae, " I suppose I shall
have to pay, but the other ought to pay something, for it was
partly his fault"—admitting that be to a certain extent was
liable, but that some one else was liable too. The learned
counsel concluded by some general observations on the law
in cases of collision.

Mr. David Rae, and Mr. Hugh Currie Rae, sons of the
plaintiff, who were in the vehicle at the time, confirmed the
statement of the lea:ned counsel. The damage amounted to
£4 6s. 6d. The two omnibuses were abreast of each other
when the concussion took place, and they saw, from Dr.
Raffles's chapel, that it was inevitable, unless Lawrence's
stopped. The drivers of both had been fined by the stipen-
diary magistrate for furious driving on this occasion. The
accident took place opposite Shutilebotham's. Thomas La-
cey, driver of Lockyer's omnibus, said there was plenty of
time for the driver of Lawrence's omnibus to pull up and
stop before he arrived at plaintiff's gig, if he had chosen to
do so.

Mr. ARNOLD, in his address to the jury for the defendant,
contended that this was, in point of fact, a dispute between
two rival omnibus proprietors, and that the plaintiff was con-
cerned only just so far as he sought compensation for the da-
mage he had sustained from one or the other. During the
whole of the case, however, the jury would find the plaintiff
was acting the part of Mr. Locliyer, whilst the only question
to be determined was, which of the two parties was in
blame. He (Mr. Arnold) could not deny that the defendant's
omnibus bad impinged upon the plaintiff's vehicle, but the
question would be whether it was not the result of an acci-
dent unavoidable on his part; and if the jury were satisfied
that the driver was a skilful man, the assessor would tell them
that the action must fail unless negligence could be esta-
blished. Mr. Rae had, in fact, mistaken the party who was
to blame : he should have brought his action not against
Mr. Lawrence, but against Mr. Lockyer. He was told that
Mr. Lockyer's omnibus was not in the centre of the road
when the defendant's came up; but there was sufficient on
his side to have allowed the defendant's omnibus to pass the
plaintiff's vehicle, hut in his desire to pick up " the sweep-
ings of Liverpool," the driver Lacey, instead of retaining his
position, drove his vehicle so as to cross the defendant's
horses, so that it was entirely by this conduct upon the part
of Lacey that the accident had happened. No one could re-
gret more than the defendant did that the plaintiff should
have sustained any injury, but on this occasion it was attri-
butable not to the negligence of himself or his servants, but
to the conduct of another party. Under all the circumstances
the defendant was not liable, and the proper party for the
plaintiff to have sued was Mr. Lockyer.
Several witnesses were called who imputed all the blame to
Lockyer's omnibus.

The ASSESSOR, in directing the jury, said that suppose
Lockyer's omnibus was in fault, it did not follow that the
defendant's conduct was excusable, provided they thought he
ought not at that moment to have been passing. The learned
gentleman was proceeding to read over the evidence, when
The Jury said they had made up their minds, and they
would not give him the trouble : they should return a verdict
for the plaintiff, damages £4 6s. 6d.
The ASSESSOR.—There can be no doubt, gentlemen, that
both were in the wrong—one party ought to have turned
aside, and the other ought not to have passed at that
moment.

CLAIM AGAINST AN ADMINISTRATOR

BURGESS v. LEECII.—The declaration, which was in
scirefacias, set forth that the plaintiff had recovered judg-
ment in this court in an action against Mary Leech, de-
ceased, for £2O debt, and £l3 16s. 2d. for costs, but before
final execution was granted, Mary Leech, the intestate, died,
and administration was granted to the defendant. Mr. James
appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Paget for the defendant.
It appeared, that on the 6th of February last, in the Court
of Passage, the plaintiff brought an action against the intes-

tate, which was tried, and the verdict returned in his favour
for £2O, and on the 9th final judgment was entered up for
the debt and costs. On the night of the 6th the intestate
died, and on the part of the defendant it was contended, that
as the judgment was not signed till the 9th, the defendant
was not hound to pay the debt. The objection, after some
discussion, was overruled, and a verdict was returned for the
plaintiff for £33. 16s. 2d.

.ASS A ULT,

D UTTON V. ATHEATON.—An action of assault. The plain-
tiff is an apprentice to Messrs. Samuel and James Holrne,
and the defendant is a foreman in their establishment in

Benson-street. The circumstances were not worth reporting.
The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff, damages one
farthing.

DEBT.

PEEL v. MELSON.—An action on an account stated to
recover a balance of ..Cl3. 113. sd. Verdict for the amount

claimed