The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-09-01 00:00:00

HAYDOCK LODGE LUNATIC ASYLUM•

A question of some importance with regard to the
pauper lunatics from Liverpool placed in this now noto-
rious asylum, was put yesterday, in the police-court, to
one of the paid overseers. The question was, whether
the overseers and churchwardens bad visited Llaydock
Lodge lately ? The reply was. " not very lately ;" but a
belief was added that they were about to go. Mr. Rush-
ton rjoined that they ought to visit the place immediately,
and reterred to the appalling fact that, in one year, out of
444 inmates, no less than 112 deaths had occurred. "It
is a bad business," he added. The conversation dropped
at this point; but some facts have since come to our
knowledge, which shew that whoever has anything what-
ever to do with the poor-law, or its adjuncts, is tolerably
certain of being in some way or other damaged or defiled.
The law empowers all parish authorities, who place pauper
lunatics in asylums, to visit them at their discretion, upon
the principle that they have a double care of these unfor-
tunate beings, as paupers and as lunatics. We apprehend
the legislature never intended or expected that this provi-
sion which, if carried out, would have a salutary tendency
in preventing abuse, should remain without vitality; and
in this opinion many of our townsmen will coincide.
Haydock Lodge first achieved public notice by the memo-
rable petition to the House of Commons from Mr. 0.
Roberts, which was ordered to be printed by the House,
and which contained most grave charges against the ma.
nagement of the establishment, in a physical point of
view. More or less, the system pursued there has been
under notice and discussion to the very day when Mr.
Rushton put the above question to the paid overseer.
Yet we learn that since August in last year, now more
than twelve months ago, the authorities of this parish
have not paid a single visit, official or otherwise, to the
wrstcbed beings in Haydock Lodge, who are presumed
to be under their double care! And this, too, notwith-
standing the universal notoriety of the establishment.
The present officers were elected at Easter, and they
seem to have taken no official notice whatever of the
asylum. beyond receiving the usual reports from subordi-
nates. By an arrangement with the county, this parish
has had annually an average of 44 lunatic paupers in this
asylum ; and it is said that out of that number there died
in one year no less than 15, and in another 12. The
deaths there among the pauper lunatics from Liverpool
have been much greater than in any other asylum where
they are sent, among which are those of Lancaster, Cam-
berwell, Kingsland, the Workhouse, and the establish-
ment in Ashton-street. This fact, which must have been
evident from the returns made to the authorities, cer-
tainly ought to have excited attention, if not something
more. It is no excuse to shift the blame on the visiting
justices. Previously to the present year, the.parish paid
7s. 61. per week for each pauper lunatic maintained at
Haydock : this year it has been reduced to 7s. In
June last, arrangements were completed for sending some
of these wretched unfortunates to Camberwell. where
10s., and to Kingsland, where Bs. fid. is paid per week
for each. The terms in Ashton-street, we believe, are
12s. We hope, now that public attention is so forcibly
directed to the Haydock Lodge establishment, out local
authorities will lose no time in taking measures for an
effective visitation of those who have a strong legal and
moral claim upon their attention. Mr. Mott has been
succeeded at Haydock by Mr. and Mrs. Whelan, from
the asylum at Han well.

The foundation stone of the new church in the Prince's
Park, of which the Rev. Hugh 111• Neile is to be the in-
cumbent, will be laid to-morrow ( Wednesday) week, the
9th of September, by the reverend gentleman himself, at
half-past twelve o'clock. The church will be dedicated to
St. Paul.

HEALTH OF THE TOWN.—We are glad to find that in
furtherance of a recommendation from the Health of the
Town Committee, the Highway board have given orders
that all ashpits, &c., in the town are to be cleaned out
immediately, and in all cases where the parties are too
poor to bear the expense, the Board will take the neces-
sary steps themselves.
DEATH FROM FALLING DOWN A VESSEL'S HOLD.—
Yesterday an inquest was held upon the body of James
Ferguson, who perished in consequence of having fallen
into the hold of a vessel called the John M`Lellan, on
Wednesday last. The deceased, who was 72 years old,
was shipkeeper on board whilst the vessel lay in Toxteth
Dock, and he fell down the after hatch in consequence
of the ladder slipping. He was sensible when taken up,
and was conveyed to the Southern Hospital, where he
lingered till Saturday, when be died.
FATAL ACCIDENT.—WAREHOUSE CELLERS.—An in-
quest was held yesterday by Mr. Currie, upon the body
cf an old man, named Solomon Myers, a member of the
Jewish persuasion, who, at eighty-tour years of age, met
his death by accidentally falling down a warehouse cellar,
in Waterloo-road. On Wednesday, the deceased was
walking along Waterloo-road, and being near-sighted, he
did not perceive the cellar, but fell into it quite suddenly.
From the testimony of Mr. Gildersleeves, house-surgeon
at the Northern Hospital, it appeared that the deceased
had sustained fractures of the right thigh and right arm,
from the effects of which he died on Friday night.
POLICE-COURT, YESTERDAY.—The police business
before the stipendiary magistrate yesterday was more
than ordinarily meagre and uninteresting. The chief
occupation of the court was to dispose of cases of' drun-
kenness and trivial assaults. Several persons were com-
mitted for felonies of a small amount, among whom was
a man named William Hughes, for entering a broker's
shop in Great iloward-street, and stealing property
valued at several pounds. Another man, named George
Barnes, was convicted of an assault upon police officer
No. 434, in Whitechapel, on Saturday night, and fined
£5. In default of payment he was sent to the Borough
gaol for two months.
ANNUAL LICENSING DAY.—The annual licensing
sessions for public-houses within the borough commenced
yesterday at the Sessions-house, the magistrates present
being Mr. Richard Houghton and Mr. R. V. Yates.
There are no less than 1500 applications for renewals.
The order in which they were considered was alphabeti-
cal, according to the names of the streets. Having ar-'
rived at the letter M, the court adjourned till this day
(Tuesday). No licenses were finally refused, but it is
understood that several are down in the " b'ack list,"
with very little hopes of being taken out of it, though no
efforts will be spared by those concerned to effect that
object. The charge for each renewal is 7s. Gd. ;so that
supposing the whole to be granted, the sum of £562 103.
will be realised to the borough fund. The transfers are
to be taken to-morrow (Wednesday). There are the
unprecedented number of 216 applications for new li-
censes—a fact significant of an increased population, and
an extended surfaca of building within the municipal
boundaries. The magistrates will decide upon these ap-
plications to-morrow week, the 9th instant.
CARNARVON REGATTA.—SeveraI very spirited con-
tests took place at this festive gathering, on Thursday and
Friday last. The first race was a time race for the Menai
Cup, value twenty pounds; contested for by yachts,
between eight and eighteen tons, old measurement. The
cep was won by the " Daring." 17 tons, belonging to H.
Barrett, Esq., beating the Diamond, 17 tons, Hehe, 15
tons. Nautilus, John, and Mary, each 9 tons. On Friday
the Prince of Wales Cup, presented by the Hon. Colonel
Douglas Pennant, and open to all yachts above.thirty tons
old measurement, was contested for by the " Vision," 44
tons, and the " Enchantress," 4a tons, the fornier proving
the winner by eighteen minutes, in a course of rather more
than twenty miles. Tha Vision belongs to Thomas Bir-
chall, Esq., clerk of the peace for this county. The race
for the Snowden Cup, value thirty guineas, was contested
by seven yachts, and was carried off by Mr. Barrett's
Daring," beating the " Petrel," belonging to W. NV,
Shand, Esq.. which came in second, Mr. Little's " Jilt,"
Mr. R. B. Preston's " Hebe," Col. Pennant's " Dia-
mond," Mr. Mandock's "Queen Victoria," and Mr.
Powen " Jack-y-Tan." The ra e for the Carnarvon
cup, value forty guineas, open to all vessels above 12 tons,
came off on Saturday. An objection was raised to the
" Vision" contending for this prize, in consequence Eof
having won the cup on the previous day, but the commit -
tee decided that as the " Vision" was the only yacht ori-
ginally entered ready to take up her place on 'the first
day, to exclude her would be an act of injustice. The
owners of the other yachts would not therefore enter,
with the exception of the owner of the " Daring," and
she and the " Vision" started for the prize at seven
minutes east twelve. They arrived home. the " Vision"
at 2 32 20, and the " Daring" at 2 47 40, leaving a real
difference of time in favour of tie" Vision" of 15 mi-
nutes 20 seconds. but as there were 27 tons in favour
of the." Daring" to be allowed for at a quarter of a mi-
nute per ton, the "Vision" won the race by eight mi-
nutes and thirty-five seconds. Mr. Birchall thus won
two cups at Carnarvon, and as will be seen from our
report of the Beamaris Regatta, he was there success-
ful in carrying off a 'f.so prize with the same yacht.

LAYING OF HE FOUNDATION STONE OF
THE LIVERPOOL AND BURY RAILWAY.

On Saturday, the fumdation stone of this most useful
undertaking, which is to bring the railway into the heart
of the town of Liverpool, was laid with great eclat at the
north end of the propose•" viiduct in Boundary-street.
It had been decided upon that a procession of the direc-
tors and gentlemen connected with the line, with the con-
tractors and their men, should meet at the offices in Dale-
street, and form a cortege to the locality where the cere-
mony was to take place ; and at one o'clock the men
employed by Messrs M'Cormack, the contractors fur the
line, as,,embled in Moorfielda, with the foremen, over-
lookers, &c. The band of Mr. Jclliffe was stationed
here, and that of Mr. Stubbs opposite the offices in Dale-
street; and both alternately enlivened thc party assembled
with a succession of overtures, quadrilles, &c. At about
two o'clock, the procession formed, consisting of five or
six hundred labourers, with banners, &c., headed by the
band of Mr. Jolliffe, and a considerable body of the fore-
men and superior men, neatly dressed and wearing favours
on their breasts. These were followed by Stubb's band ;
and the procession was brought up by the directors, sec-
retary, engineers, &c. and a considerable body of gentle-
men interested in the undertaking. The route was by
Dale-street, Exchange.street East, Oldhall-street, and
Great Howard-street to Boundary-street, where it passed
by a platform to the place where the stone was to be laid,
around which were stages filled with some of our fair
townswomen, and the gentry, and others of Liverpool,
Manchester, &c, and from the neighbourhood of the
works along the line.
About half-past two the procession reached the site,
and the usual ceremonial having been gone through, Mr.
WILLIAM STEWART apologised for the absence of the
Chairman of the Directors (Mr. James Brancker) through
indisposition, and after alluding to the occasion wlrch
called them together, noticed the important fact, that the
Liverpool and Bury Line, in connection with the Man-
chester and Leeds Railway and its extensions, will con-
nect the Irish Sea with the German Ocean. Mr. Stewart
concluded his appropriate remarks by saying. that he did
not know how they could end the ceremony better, than
by invoking that blessing from on high, without which
1 their work would be in vain.

Mr. THOMPSON, addressing Mr. Stewart, then said,—
Sir, it now devolves upon me, as engineer to the Liver-
pool and Bury Railway Company, to request that you
will undertake, in the absence of our chairman, the duty
of performing the ceremony for which we have this day
met. I have, therefore, very great pleasure in placing
this trowel and the necessary accompaniments in your
hands, as the representative of our respected chairman.
In dokg so, sir, permit me to congratulate you, as well as
your fellow directors, upon the success which has hitherto
attended your labours on behalf of this undertaking.
Few projects have, like this, had at the outset so many
difficulties to contend with, and such powerful opposition
to encounter; but you have triumphed over them all, and
have now the gratification to see not only the laying of
this foundation stone, but of seeing your works all through
the line in a state of rapid progress ; and from the very
place on which we now stand you can see them rising be-
fore you as far as the eye can reach, as if to congratulate
you upon this auspicious event. As regards our worthy
chairman, who has, it is much to be regretted, been pre-
vented by illness from performing the cetsmony here to-
day, his absence allows me the opportunity of saying how
very much indeed the shareholders in the Liverpool and
Bury Railway owe to him personally for the success of the
undertaking. His never-failing spirit cheered us in our
early times of adversity ; and his peisonal worth and in-
tegi ity of purpose never failed of success in smoothing
down the rough edge of opposition. We have, sir, the
satisfaction of knowing that his warmest feelings are with
us this day, though we must regret that he is so unhap-
pily absent from us;—(hear, hear)—and I believe that, if
the stone you are about to lav could receive and bear the
impression of the feelings of our chairman, it would be
able, in after years, to tell how deeply, how truly. his
heart has been in the Liverpool and Bury Railway. [The
trowel was then presented to Mr. Stew,rt.]
Mr. HERON, the secretary, here read as follows the in-
scription on the brass plate on the stone about to be
laid :—" The Liverpool and Bury Railway, originated in
October, 1844 ; the act obtained in July, 1844 ; the works
commenced January, 1846; and the foundation stone of
the Liverpool Viaduct 29th August, 1846, by James
Brancker, Esq., the Chairman of the Board of Directors."
Then followed a list of the directors of the company, the
names of the secretary, engineers, contractors, &c. Mr.
William M'Corrnick and Mr. Samuel Holme are the con-
tractors for the viaduct.

A bottle, containing a quantity of newspapers and coin,
was then deposited, and the stone laid.
The Rev. Rector BaCIOICS offered up an impressive
prayer, and the company then retired to a de'jefin,r,
which had been prepared in a spacious warehouse near
the site, belonging to Mr. Thos. Park, and which had been
most tastefully decorated by Mr. Urnuahrt, of Bold-
street. Four tiers of tables were placed along the room,
with a raised table for the Chairman and invited guests,
over which a drapery was hung, very prettily arranged,
and a handsome canopy descending from the crown of the
building to the sides, looped up in festoons, with devices
ornamenting the whole. The roof of the room was hung
with flags and evergreens, and the sides with coloured
drapery. of various hues the seats being covered with
crimson cloth. Above the lower end of the room an or-
chestra was raised, from which Mr. Stubb'a band played
a succession of airs during the afternoon. _ _

The drjethier, which was provided by Messrs. Fisk, of
Castle-street, was beautifully set on the table, and the
viands abundant and excellent, as were the variJus wines,
furnished, we believe, by a firm in South Castle-street.

Mr. Wm. STEWART took the chair. On the right of
the chairman we observed Mr. Honithworth, Sir Thomas
Brancker, Mr. Sergeant Wilkins, Mr. Wood, Mr. Oaken-
shaw, engineer; and Mr. S. Darbishire, solicitor of the
company. On the left the Rev. Rector Campbell, Mr.
Turner, Mr. Smith, Mr. Thompson, the engineer; and
two or three other directors.

After the repast, the CHAIRMAN proposed the health ef
" Her Majesty the Queen."
"The Queen Dowager, Prince Albert, and the rest of
the Royal Family ;" also "The Lord Lieutenant of the
County ;" toasts duly honoured He then gave " The
Lord Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese," coupled with
the name of the Rev. Rector Campbell.
The Rev. Rector CAMPBELL returned thanks in an ex-
cellent speech. He said, although he was fully conscious
the clergy should be animated in the performance of their
duty by a higher notion than the desire to obtain the good
opinion of their fellow-men, yet he was conscious, at the
same time, that without that good opinion they could not
perfect the object of their ministry, (hear, hear) and,
therefore, it was a legitimate object of anxious desire.
With respect to the Lord Bishop of the diocese, he was
too well known to need panegyric from him; this, how-
ever, he might say, that as he was in public so he was in
private, a model of gentleness, humility, and Christian
zeal, himself the very Christian which he wished all others
to be. (Applause ) In contemplating the triumphs of
commercial freedom, one of which they had assembled to
celebrate that day, he hoped he might be permitted, in
the spirit of that prayer which had been offered up by the
Rev. Rector Brooks, to express a hope that the extension
of commerce might be made conducive to the extension
of Christian civilization. It would not become him, he
said, to make any controversial allusion to the legislation
of the present day, or to express an opinion as to the ex-
pediency of those legisla.ive measures, or the conse-
quences to which they are likely to lead. He might, per-
haps be allowed, without offending the Protectionists,
(for whom he had the highest respect,) as free trade was
now progressing in this country, he might be permitted-to
hope and pray for the success of free trade all over the
world, (loud applause,) adding the humble but earnest
prayer that commerce, which is the child of peace, might
be permitted in the mercy of providence to unite all nati-
ons in the bond of peace. The reverend rector concluded
with some eloquent and appropriate remarks.
Mr. HOULDSWOBTH proposed "The Chairman and
Directors of the Liverpool and Bury Railway Company,"
which was drunk with loud cheering.
Mr. H. GRENFELL returned thanks on behalf of the
directors.

The CHAIRMAN then gave "The health of the En-
gineers."
Mr. THOMPSON, on behalf of his colleague, Sir John
and himself, returned thanks.

Several other toasts were drank with much enthusiasm,
and the Chairman having presented Mrs. James Brancker
with the beautiful trowel, which he, as deputy of Mr.
Brancker, had that day used, the meeting separated.

The workmen were pros ided with dinner in a large
room on the right of that on which the de9igner was held.
About 500 sat down to a most excellent repast, furnished
by Mr. Latham, of Fenwick-street. The fare consisted
of the roast beef and plum pudding of old England, with
all the et ceteras in which moderns indulge. At the head
of the room there was a large slip of drapery, with the
words, " Success to the Liverpool and Bury Railway
Company," and " God, save the Queen !" As in the
other room, an orchestra had also been erected, bear-
ing on its front drapery Nelson's inspiring motto,
" England expects that every man this day will do his
duty." Mr. M'Cormick, the eminent contractor, pre-
sided over the company, who, if not quite so polished,
were not one whit less joyous than their neighbours in
the adjoining room. After the repast the room was
cleared, and dancing was kept up to a late hour, the two
excellent bands of Mr. Stubbs and Mr. Jolliffe adding
very much to the enjoyment which everywhere reigned.

CHESTER OCTOBER MEETING.
The sport at the ensuing autumn races bids fair to be
first-rate. Thirty-nine entries have been made for the
Chester Handicap, of which the following is the list :
Milton, Pal, Patriot, Ironmaster. Lancashire Witch,
British Tar, T' '.l f. by Tory Boy, The Mag-
net, Eein-go-Bragn, :-..itayer's Daughter, Romance. Lord
Harry, Greet:finch. Fltzwilliam, Fair Star, Lightning,
Prince, c. by Don John, Plaudit, Flahowlagh, Finvarah,
Auricula, King Charl,s, Black. Strap, Columbus. Arthur,
Caprice, Camera Ohscura, Master Downes, Chatterbox,
Espoir, Spithead, Sensation, Tru.boy, Parson's Clerk,
Red Rover, Factory Girl, and ti'e Laura colt.
A new race, which will furnish an excellent addition to
the sport, has been started by the liberality of the spi-
rited landlady of the Saracen's Head, Mrs. Leet, which
is appropriately enough denominated " The Saracen's
Head Handicap." Fur this race tbere are already 20
entries, viz. :—Pal, Regalia, Arthur, British Tar, Black
Strap, Milton, Revolution filly, Caprice, Driffield, c. by
Don John, Psalm Singer, T' Auld Squire, Dr. Husband,
Sensation, Stanstye, Parson's Clerk, Laura colt, What,
Red Rover, and Ratcliffe.
•

POTATOES AND POKERS.--A contemporary (the Jour-
nal) has this strange heading to a leader, the substance of
which is a controversy between himself and the Times.
We do not see its applicability. If intended to refer to the
disputants themselves we ought to be told which is the
potato and which the poker.

01,7 THE SANITARY STATR OF SOME PARTS
OF LIVERPOOL.
LETTER XIII.

" In Kahl, a town of monks and bones,
And pavements fang'd with murderous stones,
And rags, and hags, and hideous wenches,
I counted two and seventy stenches,
All well-defined and genuine stinks !
Ye nymphs that reign o'er sewers and sinks,
The river Rhine, it is well known,
Doth wash your city of Cologne;—
But tell me. nymphs! what power divine
Shall henceforth wash the river Rhine ?"
Coleridge's Table Talk.

MR. EDITOR,—It were to be much wished that the
poet-satirkt of Cologne had hapFened to have paid a
visit to Liverpool: he would have felt himself obliged to
tax his powers of description even to a greater pitch, if it
had been possible, in order to do justice to the pre-emi-
nent stinks teeming from her overcrowded habitations
and surcharged cesspools. It is a great loss to society,
for had he lived and been retained for the lofty purpose
of setting in the rich framing of his satirical fancy a true
full-length portrait of Liverpool proper, to be held up as
a rod " in terrorenz" for after-coming cities, what a boon
might have been thereby conveyed !—what an heir-loom
might have descended as a warning to posterity ! The
facts for the portrait might have been furnished from the
armoury of our medical experiences ; the lights and sha-
dows might have been culled from Dr. Duncan's pam-
phlet ; and not a few tintings, perhaps, from the contri-
butions of current writers-down of the historical gaps of
Liverpool Im-proper. Some are disposed to think he
meant the above description for Liverpool.
Lest the data should not yet have quite accumulated
up to an adequate conviction point, I shall continue to
give to the public some further observed facts and reflec-
tions from my note-book. I attempt to reduce them
under something like heads, for obvious convenience.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ADVANTAGE FOR DRAINAGE AT A
DISADVANTAGE.

A court in Blair-street ought to have attracted the at-
tention of the authorities, by some means or other, weeks
ago. The solitary policeman on his beat might have dis-
covered the condition of this court, or rather back alley
—perhaps it is not a court at all, although definitions for
such like quarters in Liverpool are rather difficult, but
call it an alley—l say he ought to have discovered the
disgraceful condition of it even if he had only one eye,
and that eye even not gifted with a vision capable of dis-
criminating between men and trees. I have an idea in
my head about the proper sphere of duties for a police-
man, which leads me to the conclusion that nuisances
palpable, visible, smellable, ought to obtrude themselves
upon his vigilant commission. But no! I must be la-
bouring under a mistake in this respect. Their range of
duty bears most indirectly upon filth and horrid nuis-
ances, but most directly upon what concerns the high-
way—an old woman's comparatively inoffensive apple-
stall—a ragged urchin chalking his early alphabet, or first
lines in perspective, on the flag-stones—an umbrella open
with a few halfpenny tracts spread upon it—a milk-jug
spilt—or a bottle broken, and its crystal fragments left
to ornament the spot—where a wreck has happened, or a
chance-medley of the pushing crowd has precipitated the
egg-basket to an untimely rendering up of its account—
all such little moving incidents, or mute relics of what
bath been, will call forth with the fittest appropriateness
the policeman's officious comments, be they in the accents
of an order for peremptory retiring such nuisances as
obstructions from the offended pathway, or be they, in
sortie happy moment of the official's self-complacency,
expressive of commiseration or pity for the unhappiness
or bad luck of the wretched milk-jug owner, &c. &c.
I do not mean to say that even these trifles may not,
ought not to engage his attention. Undoubtedly they are
subjects of proper oversight, but they become insignifi-
cant items of duty when compared with other and vastly
more important duties. These greater duties about
greater nuisances ought to be " done," and the lesser
need not therefore be left "undone." Society will at
once appreciate this correct order of things. An apo-
thegm will confirm it :—" His mind is great who can
attend to great things ; but his is greater who can take
into the scope of his attention things little as well as
great." I have rendered the sense, though not the exact
words, of some remembered author. _ _

Let the policeman have the amount of credit due to him
for looking sharp after orange peelings, milk-sioppings,
and other salvages of the highway wrecks ; but why, in
the name of common sense, should he not take official
cognizance of heaps as well as particles—of oceans or
pools as well as drops? It seems, to the mind of a medi-
cal observer, nothing but right that be should ; and that
in the light of common sense—not specially of medical
sense. Whether the public will agree that such medical
common sense is based upon common sense, cannot be
predicated safely in the instance I am going to mention;
but it is quite possible the thing may be realised in the fact
of the abatement of the nuisance in question. If this
abatement does take' place, then are the authorities and
ourself " at one," and we shall have the satisfaction of
knowing that we possess not only sense common to so-
ciety, but also to the authorities ! But, if so, why should
not the police have credit given them for common sense;
and if they do obtain, like ourselves, this credit, why is
not their duty based upon it? Why does it not square
with it? If it does, then the state of much of the filthy
degradation rests upon the neglect of this duty ; and it is
fitting they should be told of it, and invited by an humble
individual to increased vigilance in the discharge of that
duty; not for the future reign of the Sanitary Act, dating
from Jan. I, 1847, but now! now, whilst disease is rife,
and epidemic disorders are lifting up their fatal beads.
If, on the contrary, these gentle monitions of a medical
practitioner are wrongly based on the assumption of su-
pererogatory duties of police, what can police duties be
made of ? They cannot be made of that stuff we call com-
mon sense; they must be compounded of some super-
sense—some cut-and-dried police sense, which medical
authorities know not of, and which is entirely foreign to
the natural history of disease and death ! And then, if
such is the case, what are the police rates levied for, and
the scavengers' rate, and so on? Unless they are instru-
mental in waging war with the hot-beds of disease, and if
they leave the "filthy to be filthy still," in an over-
crowded population, where are we? If the authorities
only knew the numbers of rate-payers amongst the small
tenement-holders, who are grumbling at the hardships of
contributing to rates the application of which is too par-
tial to reach their doors with vivifying streams and hesoms
destructive of filth, they would issue now immediately or-
ders to all their numerous staff, not only to remove nui-
sances complained of, and which is only half the cure, but
to complain of them themselves. Then something would
be done effective and hope-giving. As it is, a lethargy
broods over police and population, and the activities of
malaria are making sad inroads upon human constitutions,
because " knowledge is" not power," and virtuous habits
do not overcome vicious ones.

How can the relay of policeman after policeman, en a
beat, so quietly pass by, day after day, week after week,
month after month, year after year, all those foul and
loathsome accumulations with which alone my own pen
has been contaminated for this long time past—let alone
the catalogues of other observers.
These remarks have reference extensively to the gene-
ral neglect of duty by the police in nuisance matters, as I
cannot have failed to establish, although they spring par-
ticularly ont of a case in Blair-street, which certainly
might, without exaggeration, be taken as a type of the
nuisances of Liverpool Im-proper. A back court, or
alley, leads from the street down the declivity of the
hilly ground on which the. street stands. At the foot of
the alley, the rear wall of the back premises of some
houses appears to block up the passage into a cut de sac
form. Whether there is any outlet here, or further
downward vent. deponent knoweth not, as he had not a
boat!—but evidence goes against the supposition very
strongly. If there ia, or was, it is not a vent at the pre-
sent either for footsteps or for water-escape even. A
body of filthiest fluid is retained between the walls of
ashpits, &c., on the sides and the blockading wall at the
bottom end. The descent of the passage is rapid, and all
the fluid is stagnated at the lowest part, of course ; and
this to a height of 2or 3 feet at least. Some time since,
I believe I am fully correct in saying, it could not have
been less than 3 or 4 feet. To gauge its actual depth,
could not be accomplished by any but a courageous night-
man. The walls themselves form a tolerable index. This
has been stagnant there for weeks, and a more abomina-
ble place can rarely be found. It is passing strange how
tenants can allow day after day to witness such an accu-
mulation and overflow. The contribution would appear
to be formed from several back yards and their drainages.
The only place I can imagine where the policeman's eyes
were who goes on duty there, must have been in his
pocket. The resources of physic must be plied in vain
where sickness claims them in such a quarter. The na-
tural advantages of the ground, therefore, must be at a
discount—or indeed rather, once such a blockade is al-
lowed to take place, the use becomes the abuse, and the
tendency of gravitating fluid would serve to maintain, as
an increasing evil, such a nuisance, in spite of all the re-
sults of evaporation.—l remain, yours, &c.,
GEORGE C. WATSON.
Bedford-street. AnnuNt 29th, IR

named
—hotdmatnhe steam•
this port and
Lord John Russell has given one of the best livings in
his gift to a son of the late General Nutt.
DanielpDßOWNlNGacet v‘Hriiciliciasm OFF
en
nTo,fti
wtEhietiOchn seamenapiisieboennt.
Waterford, was unfortunately drowned when the vessel
was off the Ormshead, on the morning of Saturday last.
On Saturday morning, the deceased was standing upon
the rails in the afterpart of the vessel, for the purpose of
fastening a sail to dry to one of the stancheons, when an
alsoir
c
r apeis tporehberaodtoneusadstotrouedwtpfft.ohp,
eei
fccoidAtthrt,.
o:feoseentrnt
sebraaereupac
opvutdhyaeoziarnlwwerawctalbetriasoloi
seocn hnfsooionwl
ftti
instantlykoi
thbehoii
oenckeag hierut hooked in
hheirtenorhiTrol
mettawhhusmeenpnt
aeats
cdtti
enginesr
moekai
awneme ca. 1
ari
nydewEos:efnbe,
were
.leueril
rtemsoyrlv
vvei
but he did
s
w
t
and a boat lowered by the men, in which he was secured
ju
He was quite sober when he fell into the water.
STRANDING OF THE STEAMER DUNDALK.—During
the greater part of Saturday night and Sunday morning,
we were visited by a very heavy fog—indeed•the weather
was so thick at intervals that it was impossible for inward
or outward bound ve.sels to observe the lights. The
powerful steam-ship Dundalk, inward bound, with a
heavy cargo, under the command of Captain Hutcheson,
who had most judiciously greatly slackened speed, got
aground on Bootle Sands, about half a mile to the south-
ward of the Land•marks. So slow, however, was she
going, that her touching was scarcely perceptible to those
on board; but on the tide receding she was left snugly
high and dry. The active agent, Mr. James Metge, (to
whom, as well as the commander, every praise is due,)
lost no time in providing steamers, in case of necessity.
By the aid of two of the Seacombe boats, the deck cargo
was discharged, and on the coming tide the vessel was
floated off. At four o'clock she was berthed in the Cla-
rence Dock, neither the vessel nor her freight having
sustained the slightest injury.

Sept. 1, IR-16.

TRIAL TRIP OF"TIUE ANTELOPE" SAIL-AND-
STEAM-PACKET.Yesterdly, the Antelope. an iron vessel. fully ship-
riged, and with a screw propeller as au auxiliary to her
sail propulsion, made a trial-trip which proved to be most
gratifying, inasmuch as it shows that the judicious com-
bination of sails, and steam acting on the screw, will, in
all probability, and that soon too, effect a revolution in
the structure and appointment of a large portion of our
sea-going mercantile marine with grater advantages, (at
a comparatively small cost,) in speed ; aed consequently
advance to a yet incalculable degree the career of com-
merce with all parts of the world.
About half-past seven a m., a party of gentlemen, in-
vited by the owners, embarked in a river steamer at the
Seacornbc Slip, and were taken on bo ird the new vessel,
which was lying at anchor in the offing.
The Antelope—built &cm a draugh,s, by Mr. John
Grantham—was seen from the quay to great advantage.
and her appearance commanded the marked attention of
hundreds of spectators. Her foremast is stepped well aft,
on account of her sharpness forward, and all her masts
have a considerable rake. Her spars and rigging, though,
on a near approach, rather heavy for our taste, become
her well ; and her model being fine, and her length great,
she has the appearance of a handsome corvette; and if it
were war times, a would-be privateersinan's mouth would
water at the sight of her, particularly if he considered
that she had, in addition to her other wicked qualities, an
invisible and strong propulsion in addition to her sails.
The following are the dimensions, &c.:—
Length of keel • ... 168 feet.
Ditto
mitato over all . .
6 „
..
Depth
Tonnage, about
Engines . •• .
The engines are on the direct-acting principle intro-
duced by Mr. Grantham, and thee, together with the
coal buiakers, occupy in all only 27 feet of the length of
the vessel, so that the machinery takes but little from the
stowage. She is the property of Messrs. M'Tear, Had-
field and other gentlemen, and is to run between this port
and Rio Janeiro, with goods and passengers. The cabins
are most elegantly and chastely fitted np. The dining
room is panelled in richly feathered and polished maho-
gany, with pilasters of satin-wood ty-tween. The fancy
capitals and cornicing is of a light tint, touched with gold,
and the ceiling to correspond. It is lighted be two large
square deck lights of stained and variegated glass. The
dormitories are large and replete with every convenience.
At one end is a splendid picture of Rio Janeiro, seen from
the sea, and amongst the shipping is easily recognized
"The Antelope," as the most rakish craft amongst the
fleet. On the walls are four other views from the neigh-
bourhood of the same port—all of them beautiful, deli-
cate, and illustrative of the locality, which is one of the
finest in South America. - These are enamelled on
papier mache, and in gilded frames surmounted (as are
all the doer-ways to the bed-rooms) with the semblance
of the Antelope in alto and gilded. There are berths for
33 first•class passengers, and a proportionate number for
those of humbler degree.
The Ladies' Cabin is a beautiful apartment, empa-
nelled and painted in light colours in an elegant style.
and provided with sofas. There is also a fine after-
cabin, with circular sofa seats, and having the advan-
tage of the stern windows.

There were on board Mr. Mc Tear, Mr. J. P. Mather,
Messrs. Timothy and Thos. Jevon, Mr. Braga, the Vice-
Consul of the Brazils, Mr. T. R. ILol,inson, Mr. T. P.
Forwood, Mr. W. Brice, Mr. Newton, of the firm of
Currie and Newton, Mr. Ross, of the Chronicle, Mr.
John Grantham, Capt. Tharripsln, of the new ship " Sa-
rah Sands," Mr. Thompson, of Messrs. Mc Tear and
Co's., Mr. Montgomery, an American gentleman, and
others. The morning was beautifully fine, with the wind
light from the southward.
After the party had partaken of an excellent breakfast
the anchor was weighed and the vessel steamed up the
river, at half-past eight o'clock, to opposite the south
end of the Albert Dock warehouses, where she rounded,
and ran down the river with steam only, though the
wind was then southerly. She reached the rock at two
minutes past nine. At 9h 53m she passed the Formby
Light-ship, having accomplished 4 miles in twenty-three
minutes. She 'relied the Bell Buoy at twenty-four
minutes past ten, which, including stoppages from the
unhvoidable heating of parts of the new machinery, and
which occupied in all twenty minutes, made 8 knots an
hour good going. At one time she made 9,1 knots an hour,
and we have no doubt but that when the stiffness of her
engines is worn off, and sb t has a leading wind, she will
accomplish from 12 to 13 knots an hour.
The wind now chopped to the N.W. by W. and blew
stiffly, with rain. At forty minutes past eleven o'clock,
the North-West Light-ship was about two miles distant,
the ship being on a wind, and going under her three
topsails, fore and main trysail, &c., close hauled. She
stood well to her canvas, and was as stiff as a crutch.
It must be added, that though there was on some occa-
sions a heavyish sea, into which other vessels were dig-
ging their noses, she dashed onward with great ease and
steadiness, and without shipping a drop of :rater. The
engine made from 35 to 36 strokes per minute. The
vessel beat out to within a short distance of the Ormshead,
and would have proceeded, but during great part of the
day, after passing the Formby Light-ship, the rain fell
heavily, and somewhat marred the enjoyment of the trip.
An excellent digeaner, or lunch, and wines, was served,
and, this being generally thought to be the finale, several
toasts, complimentary to the owners and others connected
with the ship, were proposed and drunk with enthusiasm.
Mr. Braga proposed the health of Mr. M'Tear, with a
merited compliment that he had been most indefatigable
and enterprising in bringing out such a ship for the
improvement of commercial navigation, and concluding
by expressing a hope that he had not been disappointed in
what she had done that day.—Mr. M'Tear said that the
result was beyond bs most sanguine expectations.—
Captain Thompson (cf the Sarah Sands) paid a h'gh
compliment to Mr. Grantham. He had asked that gen-
tleman what engine room would be required to attain
seven knots an hour, what for eight knots, and what for
nine ; and the reply led him to the conclusion that the
proportionately small space and engine expense for the
seven knots would be the cheapest. Out of this, the
seven knots was taken for this vessel, but they had got
eight knots out of her, which was more than Mr. Gran-
tham, in his anxiety not to mislead, had calculated upon,
with the 27 feet only. (Cheers.)—Mr. Court proposed,
with a high compliment, the "health of Captain
O'Brien," to which that gentleman ably responded.
—The "health of Mr. Forwood" was proposed, as a ship-
per to the Brazi!s.—Mr. F. returned thanks. He said
that machinery was yet in its infancy, that improve-
ments would_ go on, and that we should et " bridge.
the Atlantic."

On the health of the Emperor of Brazil. connected
with the name of Mr. Braga, being drunk, that gentle-
man, in a truly eloquent address, referred to the con-
sneenxtieodn, between
rtehs isse
dc ouuon torsys
ura ando c thate
that w
thhi ce
yh
wh
oe
url
de p ryete-
lYcorne more intimately attached ; to which object he
should lend his utmost aid. lie proposed the health of
her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain. (Cheers.)
Mr. Court, in terms of eulogium, proposed the health
of Mr. Grantham, who modestly replied, simply express-
ing his gratification that the estimates which he had
given as to speed had been admitted to be more than
realised. He furnished instances of vessels, even coasters,
on the principle he had laid down, that had performed,
with large cargoes, unusually rapid and profitable pas-
snes. The Antelope could receive in her bunkers—all
between decks—sufficient coal for 25 days steaming, which
hoomoaerwdard enjoyedand
the
was generally enough for a voyage to the Brazils.
ishe
weathership
good
clearedwa yinup,
returningthos
eon
themselves to a high degree. She passed many vessels
under double the same press of canvass. She ran from
having made
the Bell Buoy to the Rock in one hour and six minutes,
and afterwards anchored in the Sloyne. The guests thence
debarked by boats, highly delighted by the day's ex-
cursion, and the politeness and attention of the owners
and captain. The latter, who has had great experience,
was formerly commander of " The Iron Queen."

IMMIGRATION INTO CANADA.—Up to the 30th of July
this present season, 9964 immigrants arrived at Toronto,
being an increase of 2512 over the number that had
arrived up to the same period last year.
The Earl of Ellesmere has left Worsley Hall, Lanca-
shire, for his shooting lodge in Sutherlandshire, where
the noble earl purposes to enjoy the sports of the High-
lands no to the close of the present month.
The Duchess of Kent arrived at Portsmouth, on Sun-
day, from Osborne House. The Queen and Prince
Albert, with the royal family, are expected to resume
their aquatic excursion to-morrow.
RURAL FETE AT OSBORNE HOUSE.—On Saturday
afternoon her \lej.sty gave an entertainment in the
true old spirit of English hospitality, to all the labour-
ers and workmen, with their wives and families, on the
estate of Osborne.
MANCHESTNR ATHENEUM SOIREE.—This event is to
be attended by his Grace the Archbishop .of Dublin (Dr.
Whately), by the Bishop of Norwich (Dr. Stanley), the
Bishop of Oxford (Dr. Wilberforce), and the Right Hon
Thomas Lalor Shiel.

We are glad to find that a renewed effort is now being
made for the formation of a company to make a line of
railway from this town along the coast, through Bootle,
Crosby. &c., to Southport. Omnibuses almost innumer-
able travel along a great portion of the line, and we con-
ceive it would be of immense advantage to the district. A
preliminary prospectus has already been i.sued.
Joseph Henry, who, as we have stated elsewhere, was
convicted, on Thursday, of having attempted to kill the
King of the French, on the 29h July last, has been sen-
tenced to hard labour at the hulks for life. The convict,
on hearing the sentence, struck his forehead with every
mark of despair, exclaiming, " Why dishonour me—i
who have never injured any one!"
The New Zealand exhibition is highly interesting and
instructive, and should be visited by every one.

LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARKET, Aim. 31.
We have had a la•ge supply of all kinds of stock at our
ma rkct to-day, with a numerous attendance of customers; the
whole or nearly so met with a br.sk sale at our last statements

LIVERPOOL H-AY AN,
AUGUST, 3
S. d. s. d. s. d. 8. d.
Hay, old 211, o 7@o 10 ?Potatoes, 9e (101 b.
New c 6 0 81 Kemp
Vetches 0 71— 0 0 New 0 0— ° °
Grass
Straw, Wheat... o 3t— 0 4f Pink Eyes.... 0 0 ----;
Oat o3—o .4 Cattle
Bar'ey
4 6 6 ;
'
Carrnt4

D POTATO MARKET.
1, 1846.

LI V Eitl'OUL :
TUESDAY, SEPT. 1, 1846.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED
TUESDAY MORNING
BY
JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of 53. Grove.street, and
LEONARD ADDISON, of 14. Great Orford-street.
At No. 4, S. 01101010. CSIMICiNT Laysaroot.

EVERY