The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-02-24 00:00:00

LIES OF A LEAGUER,

The following letter has been addressed to a London con
temporary :

" Sir,—A part of Mr. Cobden's extraordinary speech in
the House of Commons last night (assailing a particular
agricultural case), owing to the general and interesting turn
which the debate afterwards took, did not meet with the re-
futation which the truth demands. Mr. Cobden, choosing
to attack Mr. George Bankes, and through him the landlords
of England, challenged him to deny that the labourers upon
his property in Dorsetshire received more than Ss. per week.
He added that they were the worst fed, the worst clad, and
the most illiterate portion of the population of the whole
kingdom—that, when they bad families of five children, they
lived, at the very doors of the landowners, worse than pau-
pers and felons, &c. These charges, like all other arguments
founded on personality, and professing to state undeniable
facts, were, as I see by your report, loudly cheered ; and
Mr. G. Bankes did not, .when he spoke towards the close of
the proceedings, think it worth while to exculpate himself,
or refute the assertions so boldly and yet so unjustly made.
I therefore have considered it a duty incumbent on me, as a
tenant holding nearly 600 acres (within two miles of his re-
sidence) under Mr. G. Bankes, and also under his father
before him, expressly to deny the truth of Mr. Cobden's
statement, and the conclusions which he drew from it.

- - •• , VIA .• As v.... • •
Though some of my labourers have evenAA
6d. per week less
than Mr. Cobden mentioned as their miserable pay, each
has, in addition, a cottage and a large garden, rent and rate
free, together with 30 perches of land ploughed and manured
for potatoes, fuel supplied and brought home to their cot-
tages without any charge, and wheat is delivered to them at
Gs. per bushel, whatever may be its price in the market.
Thus, independent of the other provisions for his comfort,
the higher the cost of wheat the greater are his wages—no
fluctuation affects him. It is not when at daywork only that
my labourers enjoy these privileges ; they have the very same
when at piecework, by which they are earning occasionally
nearly twice as much wages.
With regard to the bad feeding, clothing, and the ignorance
of this class, one case in point will be the best answer. I
have a labourer who has been on the farm more than twenty
years, and who has a family of nine children. With the
cottage, the ample garden for vegetables, the potato crop,
usually enough for the year's consumption, and other ad-
vantages, this individual, with honest care and industry, has
been enabled to live in perfect comfort and bring up his
children in respectability and virtue. He has always his
pig in the stye for home supply, and can dispose of garden
produce so as to bring in some funds for clothing, Be has
thus placed his two eldest daughters in excellent service,
and want of no kind has been felt by these pitiable, worse
off than ' paupers or felons' of Mr. Cobden's manufacturing
imagination.

"Now, let Mr. Cobden compare the condition of his
`hands' with that of my hands, and see how far his 12s. per
week contributes to their independence and happiness ? Or,
why did he himself desert the plough of his agricultural family
in Sussex, to become, first, a commercial traveller, and thence
a manufacturer, climbing thereby to great opulence anti a seat
in the legislature? The poor ' unprotected' trader has done
well for himself at least, even under the ruinous operation
of the corn-laws—would I could say as by the soil. And,
having now, sir, done my endeavour to set the assertions of
this M.P. in their true light, by direct individual evidence,
I leave the main quest'ons to be discussed by those more
competent to the endless task, and am, sir, your obedient
servant,

"THOMAS HUNT.
" 224, Regent-street. and Godlingstone Farm,
near Swanage, Dorsetshire, Feb. 18."

ARE PAPISTS CATHOLICS?

The following is the substance of two letters which have
appeared in the Derbysgire Courier, and which were occa-
sioned by the correspondence of Mr. Wilkinson and Mr.
Birkett, to which we gave publicity a short time since :
" Is the Church of this country the only one that has had
the hardihood to disconnect itself with Rome ?
" It is worth while, incidentally, and as illustrative of the
length to which the Church of Rome carries her claim of ex-
clusive Catholicity, to observe that the Eastern or Greek
Church, equalling in its extent pretty nearly the whole of
western Christendom, and of which it may suffice, without
minuter definition of its boundaries, to say that it includes
more than all Russia, the Eastern Church, I say, subsisting
in vast power and pre-eminence under the government of an
episcopacy as apostolically derived as that of Rome, yet main-
tains complete and total independence of the Papacy.
And here permit me to ask whence our own fellow coun-
trymen of the Roman Catholic persuasion deduce their rise,
and what it was that first gave birth to their detachment of
themselves from us, and pretension to the name that they
assume ? Was it the Reformation ? Certainly not—at least,
not in the sense which is intended to be inferred, when we
are told so. The Reformation was over—it was done,
achieved, and at an end. And the Reformation left, at its
conclusion, all the people subject to the same pastors, at-
tending the same Churches, and the same services in them
that we now have, and receiving the same sacraments. Down
to the 11th year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, there were
not in the country two separate worships—two communions.
It is an absolute fact that ten years of Elizabeth passed by
and saw no schism. The 11th brought with it a Bull from
Pope Pius V. deposing (!) the Queen. And this Bull was
made to furnish the pretext sought by the Papacy for dis-
persing Popish emissaries over the country, through whose
means and agency to withdraw the people from their obedi-
ence to their legitimate pastors. Of the party thus disrepu-
tably seduced into a secession from our communion, his Ho-
liness then perpetuated the dismemberment by recognising
them as a Church, commissioning them a priesthood, and
conferring on them the title of " Catholic," which he yet re-
fuses to concede to the British and Eastern branches of the
Church of Christ.

" In reference to the proper application of this title, I will
now quote the authority of one whose weight as a theologian
justly entitles him to rank among the first divinity writers of
our day, and perhaps of any day .
" ' As to those separatists who obey the Roman Pontiff,
every one of sufficient information recognises them only
under their proper appellations of Papists or Romanists, and
would not profane the name of Catholic by conferring it on
them. To do so knowingly would indeed come under the
condemnation of them 'that call evil good and good evil.'
The title of Catholic is never conceded by the British or
Oriental Churches to any schism, which the Roman Pontiff
has excited among the subjects of their jurisdiction.'
" It must be the duty of every Catholic, when placed by
circumstances beyond the reach of communion with the
church of his own country, to communicate with that branch
of the true Catholic Church which be finds subsisting where-
soever he may, for the time, be resident. For instance, an
English Catholic, in Russia, communicates with the Eastern
Church ; and therefore why not, in Italy, with the Roman ?
For if the Roman be as truly a branch of the Church-Catholic
as the Eastern, must not this be equally his duty ? Without
question, it is his duty to feel and to profess a willingness to
communicate as well with the Roman as the Eastern. But
suppose the Roman Church herself forbids this—that is to
say, exacts terms and conditions of communion which make
it impossible—how then ?
" Now, the fact is, that none can communicate with the
Church of Rome who withhold their assent from the creed
of Pope Pius IV, and that creed is proposed to us as
heretics;' and designed to exact from us the condemnation
of our own branch of the Catholic Church ; imposing an
oath of obedience to the Pope, and so many things besides,
as make subscription to it quite impossible consistently with
the commonest regard to truth and Scripture, and the guilt
of conforming much greater than that of receding from her
communion. Thus the Romanists themselves create the
obstacle to our entering into their communion as a branch of
the Church-Catholic; and thence the necessity of our send-
ing clergy to those parts of the continent under the Popedom
resorted to by British Catholics, who, if we were not to do
this, would be without Christian ordinances."

ATROCIOUS CASE OF STABBING.—On Monday afternoon
week as two poor women, sisters, named Elizabeth Peen and
Sarah Evans, were passing through a field near Springbead,
Southfleet, with a little girl, they were called after by some
women who were cutting turnip greens; one word produced
another until all the women who were at work in the field
came up to the path and joined in assailing Mrs. Peen and
her sister. The working women were ten or eleven in num-
ber, and one of them, named Mary Davidson. knocked down
Mrs. Peen, while Sydia Saxby was engaged in fighting Sarah
Evans. One of the turnip-top women then cried out "get
your knife," on which Mary Davidson ran to her dinner
basket by the side of the waggon and got a small table knife,
and putting the blade up her sleeve returned to the fray, and
immediately, with a threat, rushed at Mrs. Peen and stabbed
her in the neck a slight wound, which she followed up by
jobbing the knife at her and cutting the leaders asunder of
her right baud. It appears that the women in the field began
by accusing Mrs. Peen and her sister of an intention to steal
the turnip-tops. The above is the substance of the evidence
taken before the county justices on Wednesday, at Rochester,
after Mary Davidson had been apprehended, and upon which
she was fully committed for trial at the assizes.—Maidelone
Journal.

ABSTRACT OF THE ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS

BILL.

The purport of the present bill is to carry into effect
certain of the recommendations, in a modified form, pro-
posed by the report of the commission formed in the year
1829, for the purpose of inquiring into the practice and
jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts of England and Wales,
in order to alter and amend, in various necessai v shapes, the
laws and jurisdictions at present existing in each. The re-
port, upon which the present bill grounds its modifications,
was completed in 1832. Agreeably with the propositions of
the report, which had for its chief motive the placing of all
minor ecclesiastical jurisdictions, and " the whole contentious
ecclesiastical jurisdiction," componently under the control
of the bishop of the diocese, in whose locality it might be
situated, the present bill proposes the following succeduneum,
in the shape of an entirely new court, with a judge, officers,
laws, and regulations. in way and manner as under :
THE COURT OF ARCHES.—Attendant upon the abolition
of all ecclesiastical courts of jurisdiction, except certain
archiepiscopal and episcopal courts, a new court is to be
formed, to be entitled " Her Majesty's Court of Arches" (4.)
The authority of this court is intended to engross the " whole
of the jurisdiction in England and Wales in granting prohate
and administrations, and also the whole of the original con-
tentious ecclesiastical jurisdictions, civil and criminial, here-
tofore exercised in any court or courts of England and
Wales" (5.) Except-
1. The jurisdiction in matters ecclesiastical, which by any
law or statute now in force belongs to and is exeercised by
any justice or justices of the peace.
2. Except also the jurisdiction to be exercised under the
said act for the better enforcing of church discipline.
3. Except also the jurisdiction under divers acts of parlia-
ment respecting the remedies of and other matters of order-
ing the clergy.
4. Except also, as in the act is otherwise provided, such
jurisdiction as shall exclusively belong to and exercised by
the Arches' Court in London, that continuing its probatory
and administrative powers, with others affecting registry
affairs, &c., as beforetime.
JUDGE OF THE NEW COURT.—One judge is proposed to
be appointed who will be called the " Dean of the Arches."
His qualification to be, membership of the Established
Church, and an advocate of the City Court of Arches of at
least ten years standing (6.) The salary of this ecclesiasti-
cal officer is to be £4,500 per annum (20), with right to a re-
tiring annuity of £2,500 per annum, provided his time of
service for the court shall have made up the period of fifteen
years. The form of oath (7), fabrication of special seals (8),
and incapability of a judge so appointed to serve ,in parlia-
ment (10) are severally recited. The Judge of the Admiralty
is empowered to assist the new judge in the discharge of his
office as a locum tenens, with a clerk engaged at £l2O per
year. The surrogates of the Arches' Court of Canterbury
are to be surrogates of the New Court, and the judge is in-
vested with authority to create surrogates as shall be ne-
cessary.
ADVOCATES OF THE Cocar.—The Advocates to be en-
titled to practise in the new Court, such as are now prac-
tising in the Arches' Court of Canterbury, and all Fellows
of the Court of Arches may be Fellows of the Court of
Advocates (2.1); also that all proctors and notaries in the
former Court, (25,) with their articled clerks, shall have the
same license, and also that all proctors and notaries of other
the Ecclesiastical Courts in England and Wales, who were
in January, 1843, actinein such capacities, shall, within one
year after the passing of the Act, be permitted to act in their
several legitimate capacities in the new Court.
PROCESSES or COURT.—Clauses 28 to 47 refer to the
processes of the new Court, relative to fees, the reception of
evidence, taxation of bills, trials of issues, &c., differing, ap-
parently, in no respect from the ordinary routine.
RESTRICTIONS OS THE COURT.---NO sentence of excom-
munication, or any species of spiritual censure, or order,
conveyable on such account to the Court of Chancery for is-
sue of a writ of contumacy, shall be permitted among the
powers of the Court of Arches, (48,) except in such cases as
are enumerated specially in clauses 50 and 51. The Court,
however, shall have the power of attachment, as exercised by
the Court of Admiralty (49.)
APPEALS, WILLS, REGISTRATIONS.—AppeaIs MO any
decree or sentence of the Court may be made to her Majesty
in Council : all wills are to be provable in the same manner
as heretofore, and diocesan registries and officers are to be-
come branch registries and officers of the Court of Arches for
probates and administrations, under the limited amount of
£3OO 64.)
Tha rules for the governance of sequestrations are laid
down in the series of clauses extending from 88 to 98.
PUNISHMENTS, &c.—The punishment for perjury shall be
those ordinarily inflicted for the crime, and the corruptly
making of or subscribing to any declaration be deemed a mis-
demeanour, and punishable as such (46.)
The Court also, while it may enforce separation in cases
of incest (87,) shall have no influence as regards punition in
matters of the original ecclesiastical jurisdiction respecting
cases of simony, schism, heresy, blasphemy, perjury,. adul-
tery, fornication, drunkenness, or other m. 11117114, or vio-
lence by smiting committed in the church or church-yard.
Compensation to be made to certain persons whose offices
are abolished or affected, are made subject of settlement as
regards their adjustment in clause 126. The Ilsuing clause
provides for the abatement of that compensation sum, if the
guarantee enter into enjoyment of any new office in the Court
of Arches or other Ecclesiastical Court.
The schedules appended to the Act exhibit theofficers
enumerated in a variety of clauses, upon their s peific ap-
pointments, and present a view of the salaries, intended to
be granted individually, and of the agregate expenses of the
new establishment. They are as under :
SALARIES TO THE JUDGES AND REGISTRARS OF THE
ARCHEISHOPS'COURTS TO BE RETAINED.—Judge of the
Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury and of his Vicar
General,.£l,2oo ; his Registar, £450; Judge of the Court
of the Master of Faculties, of the Archbishop of Canterbury
in London, £500; his registrar, £420; Judge of the Court
of the Archbishop of York and of his Vicar General, con-
solidated with the Consistory Court at York, £1,000; Re-
gistrar, £BOO. These form a combined sum of £4,370.
REGISTRARS AND OTHER OFFICERS.—Three registrars.
£1,400 each, and a fourth,
if appointed. £l,OOO. Seven
principal clerks, at from £4OO to £6OO. Sealers, record-
keepers, and other clerks, at salaries from £4OO down to
£l2O each. The whole expenses of this department
we find upon calculating the sums set down, amounts to
£11,530.
The cost of the new establishment, therefore, including
the Dean's salary of £4,500, exhibits an estimate, irrespec-
tive of retiring salaries, amounting to £20,400 annually.

UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD.—Several exhibitions and scho-
larships have lately become vacant in this university. Two
scholarships at Corpus Christi College, open to natives of
the dioceses of Bath and Wells, and Exeter respectively, will
be filled up on Friday, March 3. Candidate must be under
19 years of age. On the 15th of March an exhibitioner Rill
be elected in Worcester College, open to natives of York..
shire. On the same day there will be an election of a Bible
clerk in the same college. At Queen's College, four exhi-
bitions are vacant, two for natives of Wiltshire, Cheshire,
and Lancashire, and two for natives of Hampshire. The
elections will take place March 16. At Wadham College a
Bible clerkship is vacant, the election for which will take
place March 16.
RELIGIOUS CREDULITY.—The following is given gravely
by the Gazette du Simplon:—" All religious persons will re.
juice at the great and happy news that we have to announce,
and which reaches us at the same time from different sources.
According to information from the Apostolic Vicar of China,
a great multitude of Christians and Pagans of that nation
have seen in the air, when all was calm, the image of Jesus
Christ on the cross. If the emperor, being resolved to em-
brace the catholic faith, has, as it is said, sent for mission-
aries from the Sovereign Pontiff, results of great importance
may be expected, and the conversion of this kingdom, con-
taining at least 300,000,000 inhabitants, be looked on as
accomplished."
"THE WORKING CLERGY." —An ecclesiastical paper
gives an account of the stipends, &c., of the curates of the
Established Church. It states that of these curates there
are 3088 who are so to non-resident incumbents, and 1720 to
resident incumbents. Of the 3088 curates who are so to non-
resident incumbents, 295 receive incomes under £5O per
annum; 493 under £6O ; 23: under £7O; 379 under £BO.
395 under £9O; 111 under £100; 493 under £120; 256
next
under £130; 30 under £140; 11 under £150; 190 under £160;
miscellaneous. of u
eo the
s. living;N32 from £l6O and under £310; two each Sunday service of
205., 215., 425.; four who receive the pew seats as the whole
66 who
a
ontakt thealel;and
who2le7
min
400 f theirwho ireceivencoroe;
no stipend
comes the case of the 1172 curates who are so to resident in-
cumbents. Of these 128 receive stipends under £5O per
annum; 222 under £6O; 127 under £7O; 142 under £80;
251 under £9O; 62 under £100; 13 under 120. 99 under
£130; 19 under 140; 13 under £l5O ; 520 under £l6O ; 27
from £l6O to under £310; five each Sunday service
of 20s
215., 425. ; 11 who receive the pew-rents ; three who take the"
whole income of the living; 118 who have no stipend
20 miscellaneous. An examination of these statistics and
give a result of from £BO to £lOO a-yea ras th will
the average
salaries of curates.

ofl\ianchester ; and it have read
A —ln almos
thBNGOR.at it was intended to
upon thit
the union of the
BISHOPRICS OF ST. ASAPH AND
every speech and every article which 1
subject I have found it represented
carry off the surplus revenues arising from
two sees, to endow the new bishopric
has consequently been strongly urged
injustice in taking the ecclesiasticali that there was gross
district like Wales, to endow a bishopricnues arising in a poor
wealthy town of Manchester. And in the great and
I certainly should not attempt to deny admitting the premises,
the assertion is altogether unfounde the conclusion; but
to Manchester, but not a shilling d•
The bishop is to go
scheme which, in pursuance ofthe of
the
revenues. The
was submitted by the ecclesiastical act of ith Will. 4, C. 77,
Majesty, and was confirmed bi.stical commissioners to her
the ith of September, 1838, anyd her Majesty in council, on
these terms :—After proposing thereby became law, as in
of St. Asaph and Bangor ing that when either of the sees
who shall succeed thereto shall become
vacant, the bishop
take the same subject to the
of the said sees shall ntained ; and that when the other
united ; and that the b.become vacant, the said sees shall be
of the said seewhich ishop who shall be then in .
shall possession
be-
come the bishop of the have first become vacant shall
property of both the united see, and possessed of all the
tiler recommend and propose it proceeds thus :—" And we fur-
said act, and so as to repose that, for the purposes of the
Bangor the average a leave to the Bishop of St. Asaph and
be, the said bishop annual income of £5200, as near as may
credit, into the Bank
and his successors shall pay, to our
' Account with the k_ of England, to an account, intituled
Eng-
land,' the fixed Ecclesiastical Commissioners for Eng-
half-yearly payments, annual sum of £-1750 in every year, by equal
,dthe first of such payments to be made
at the end of six calendar
as aforesaid. And wen aturrroth.oenrths from the day of such union
its order to raise the average annualne the Bishopse of
omi
income
deaeypropothat,
St. David's, for the time being, to the sum of £4500,
as near as may be, there shall be paid by us to the
bishop, who, upon the first avoidance of the said see,
shall succeed' thereto, and to his successors, out of such
monies as aforesaid, or out of such other monies as shalt
from time to to time be standing to our account in the Bank
of England, being part of the payments from the larger sees
respectively towards the augmentation of the incomes of the
bishops of the smaller sees, the first annual sum of £l6OO,
by equal half-yearly payments in every year ; and that in
order to raise the average annual income of the Bishops of
Llandaff, for the time being, to the sum of £4200, e
be paid by us to the bishop who, upon
as may be, there shall
the first avoidance of the same see,
shall succeed thereto,
and to his successors, the first annual sum of £3150, bY equal
half-yearly payments to be made at the end of six calendar
months from the day of such avoidance in each case respec-
tively." The scheme then goes on to provide that on the
union of the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor taking effect, the
collegiate church of Manchester shall be constietudiocted a cath
shall
e-
dral church and the seat of a bishop,
whosese
consist of the whole county of Lancaster, except the deanery
of Furness and Cartmell, and who shall dowed th an
annual income of £4500, by the transferbe oenf lands orwi tithes
from some other see or sees, or partly by such transfer, and
partly by an annual payment out of any monies in the hands
of the commissioners applicable to such purpose. Thus it
' appears that the whole of the surplus revenues from the union
of the two sees of North Wales have been divided between
the two sees of South Wales, so as to raise the in
of the latter sees to adequate amounts. Reall • before rep_
incomes
°f
tletnen meet together, as at Oswestry, to petition
.• impoverishing of the church in North Wales b transferring
the
y
a large portion of its revenues to a distant and wealthyrai'''rur ring
of the kingdom," it would be well if the part
Y would take the
trouble to read the propositions against wlf
to petition.—Pansphletjust published. ich they are about

all things nett

drift o
Mr. P

rd of God, vc

Old M

learn so unduly

lemon of