The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-01-21 00:00:00

Jan. x 1,1851.

REPORTED Loss OF UPWARDS Or THREE HUNDRED
LtvEs.--During the: week several appalling losses have
been reported at Lloyd's, and have excited considerable
attention in consequence of the great loss of life by which
they were attended. The most heartrending are those
announced in the early part of the week ; the total loss,
with all hands, of two whaling ships in the Arctic Seas,
off Behring's Straits, and the wreck of two English ves-
sels, with adventures for the gold mines at California, off
the west coast of South America. The wrecks of the
whalers were discovered by a Captain Roy, on the Ist of
September last, off the West Cape ; but the barriers of
ice along the land, and a heavy gale precluded him ap-
proaching nearer than three miles of the spot where they
lay. Subsequently he ascertained from the natives, some
200 miles to the southward of the wrecks, that the vessels
were lost in the early part of last spring, and that all the
hands had perished. No information could be gleaned as
to where they belonged. The English vessels lost on the
west coast of South hmerica were supposed to be the
Julia and Lucifer: the former was a barque, and was on a
passage from Panama to San Francisco, with 250 passen-
gers on board ; the Lucifer, a schooner, had 50 persons
on board, and was proceeding from the latter port for
Boston. With the exception of about twenty individuals
all met with a watery grave.
STRANGE EMIGRATION SCHEME FOR PAPPER CHIL-
DREN.-At the weekly meeting of the Marylebone Board
of Guardians on Friday, Captain Thomas W. B. Burrows,
of the brig James, sent in a written application for boys
and girls irons the workhouse, to be' conveyed by him to
Bermuda as emigrants. Sir James Hamilton, Bart.—
What must be the ages of the children ? Captain Bur-
r( ws—Between twelve and fourteen. Sir James Hamil-
ton—What do you do with them when you get them at
Bermuda ? Captain Burrows—l apprentice them as do-
mestic servantsuntil they are eighteen. air James Hamil-
ton—On what conditions do you take them r Captain
Burrows—l charge them £6 passage money, for which I
find them in bed, bedding, and board. The parish pro-
vide their outfits. Mr. Merriott—After they serve their
apprenticeshipwhat becomes of them ? Captain Burrows—
Why, they get other situations. Mr, Merriott—Are there
any funds to' assist them to get situations, or returning
home if they desired after their apprenticeship ? Captain
Burrows—No, sir. I have already taken out 60' children
from St. Pancras workhouse. (Surprise.) Mr. Artand—
Are they steerage passengers ? Captain Burrows—No, I
put them in the cabin. Mr. Artand—Have you a female'
to attend to-them on board ? Captain Burrows—The last
time I went out there was in the cabin a female passenger
aged nineteen. Mr. Artand—That was accidental. Capt.
Burrows—Yes, sir.. In further conversation Captain But--
rows said he sailed on the 25th, and would take auy num-.
ber of children. The board considered the matter as too'
grave to be hastily decided on, at all events no children'
should be sent out on the 25th.

RAGGED SCITOOIi EMIGIVATION.—A meeting of the'
friends and supporters of ragged schools took place on-
Friday, at the Surenile Refuge, Old Pye-street, West-
minster, for the purpose of taking leave of eleven boys,
selected from the various ragged schools hi the metropolis,
who are about to be sent out tcPAustralia, at the cost of
the Ragged School -Union. The ceremony, which was of
a most interesting character, took place in the presence
of the children, one hundred in number, who are taught
in the Refuge, and who were regaled' with tea and cake in
company with the friends- who attended. After tea the
chair was taken by Mr- Geo. Wilson,. who briefly stated
the object of the meeting. The eleven intending emi-
grants were arranged on a form on the left of the chair,
and were neatly and cleanlyattired. Each was provided
with a capacious chest, for the purpose-of containing their
clothes and other necessaries, which had- been supplied by
the Ragged School Union. Their looks were indicative
of robust health, and they appeared to be in a high state
of joyful anticipation. Hitherto the emigrants from the
schools have been sent to the docks in the metropolis.
On this occasion a different plan was pursued ; they were
sent by train to Liverpool, on Saturday% Five of them
embarked the same day in the Carlton, for Adelaide; the
remaining six on board the Condor, yesterday, for Port
Philip. Both those ships were first-rate vessels; the
Condor was 1,500 tons burden, the Carlon nearly as large.
They belonged to first-rate firms -in Liverpool ; and the
accommodation, on account of the size of the vessels,
was far superior to that of any- of the London ships.
The other passengers in the vessels • were of the working
classes, of a class above the boys • that were going out ;
therefore confidence might be placed in them.
MURWER.—An old widow lady named Mary-Kinder, aged
78, lived with two daughters on a farm at Hattersley, near
Ashton-under-Lyne. On Thursday evening the servant
man went out to the shippon, which is about seventy
yards-- from the house, followed by the female servant
named Sarah Fox. After milking .two beasts. the latter
returned by the back way into the house, being absent
about twenty minutes. After putting down the milk cans
tstknlwl
p it
importance
i.
g r which
wi
pt aaehibsceroh at
oy
v
in the letellen, she went forward into the house-part, and
not seeing her mistress, she looked round and saw the
parlour door ajar : on going forward she perceived Mrs.
Kinder lying her whole length along the parlour floor.
Thinking she must have fallen in a fit, she ran to her and
lifted her up. She found, however, that her mistress was
dead, and lying in a pool of blood, having had her skull
completely battered in by some blunt instrument.- The
neighbourhood was immediately apprised of the dreadful
circumstance, and Mr. Little, the, special high -constable,
found that the parlour door was bespattered with blood,
guidon-the parlour floor was found a portion of the old
lahid
brains,
and some small bones broken from the
the surgeon took into his care. On-examina-
scertained that the whole of the boxes and
drawers
e stains were ransacked, but that nothing of
was found missing. It is therefore supposed
Id lady is known to be possessed of consider-
able the murderers were in search of money,
which being denied them by the deceased, they committed
the dreadful crime. The daughters of the old lad - had
gone to see a sister in the neighbourhood of Armfield, and
consequently were absent at the time of the murder: On
two separate occasions the house, which is in a retired
locality, has been entered burglariously, and about two
years ago-a person of the name of Timperly was trans-
ported for life for being concerned in those burglaries.
ARRANGEMENT OF GOODa..EN THE EXHIBITION.—The
question as to the best mode of arranging goods for the
exhibition has been most eatisfactorily settled by the
executive committee. The proposed mode of arranging
the• productions of foreign countries, in separate and dis-
tinct nations, is probably the only one which, under. the
circumstances of the case, would have been found practi-
cable. Several parties have proposed that the whole of
the articles exhibited should' be arranged in classes ;:but
such an arrangement, unless-carried out in its integrity,
would be perfectly useless—while to sort out, arrange,
and classify the productious.of the world, and to cover an
area of: some twenty acres-with the goods so, arranged,
would. be an utter impossibility within the short time
allotted for so doing. All sounds of dissatisfaction on
the part of foreign countries, with respect to their allotted
place in the building, are obviated by the principle of ar-
ranging them according to,thtir respective latitudes. The
mode• adopted in this respect is as unique as it is calcu-
lated to prove interesting to, the visitor. Treating the
building in this mannerc the transept, being about the
centre of the building, will be considered as the equator
and in. its neighbourhood:will be exhibited the productions
of India, China, Arabia,, Persia, Turkey, and of, the
tropics. The productions of the most northern latitudies
will. weepy the extremities of the building., A:visitor
entering the building at+ the eastern extremity will' find
himself among the productions of the United States,.and
will then pass on to :Russia and the northern countries,
to France, Germany, Italy, and the southern latitudes,till
he arrives at the productions of Egypt, Arabia,. China,
Persia, and the tropical countries. Crossing the tran-
sept, he will leave behind the productions of foreign pro-
ductions of foreign nations, and enter into the western
portion of the building, devoted to England and her
colonies. The productions of India, Ceylon, and other
of our tropical colonial possessions, will occupy the space
nearest to the transept, and Canada the western extremity
of the building the remaining portions being occupied
by the productions-of the United Kingdom. The whole
of the machinery in motion will occupy a portion of the
north-western extremity of the

TRADE PREFE.RRED, TO AGRICULTURE, BY. A NOBLE-
MAN.—UnIike Lancashire and the West Riding, the coal
fields of Durham have not led to the establishment of a
large manufacturing population, the coal being wrought
principally far export to London, and to the east coast
and continental ports. In this bus'ness large oapi' als are
employed, partly by speculators, but principally by the
great landowners themselves, whose incomes, like those of
Lords Londonderry and Durham, are chiefly derived from.
coal. To gi7e an idea of the capital employed is this busi-
erry, for the
le harbour of
Seaham at a cost little, if at all, short of £300,000, and
to this harbour he has about 40..nailes of railroad leading
fromvested is working coal has been so much more remune-
rative
n differentlad, othatlie collieries.
roTvehroe emn ;us ronnf trGmh e capital
att r have
ai in-
vested
been comparatively neglected,,and the skill and enterprise
so abundantly lavished below ground form a very marked
contrast with the absence of those qualities and the evi-
dentdefect of capital everywhere too conspicuous on its
suSace. To show the different progress made in the two
departments within the last 80 years, we may mention
that the system of farming then practised, viz., " two crop
and fallow," as described by Arthur Young in 1770, with
&yield of 16 bushels of wheat, and 30 each of barley and
oats per acre, is exactly, the common practice of the pre-
ent day, with a yield rather diminished than increased.

nay mention t

;e of his own

rade. construe

~ •
For the coal-waggon, roads then, "the track of the wheels.
was marked with pieces of timber let into the road, for,
the wheels of the waggons to run on, by which one horse
is enabled to draw 50 or 60. bushels of coals." These
roads led to the shipping ports. As in process of years
the trade increased, " keels" were employed, with light
draught of water,. enabling them to penetrate many miles
up the tidal rivers to wharfs at no great distance from the
collieries, to which the wooden tracks (gradually super-
seded by iron rails) conducted. The progress of business
and discovery of steam power have in turn nearly done
away with the keels and the consequent expense of tran-
shipment, and thousands of tons of coal are now more
cheaply and expeditiously taken from the mouth of the
coal prix and laid in the holds of sea-going vessels than
hundreds, probably even tens of tons, of coals were slowly
and laboriously dragged by horses along the wooden
tracks described by Arthur Young.— Times Commissioner.

AND FASHION.

COURT

The Earl of Aberdeen, Sir G. Grey, and T. B. Macau-
lay arrived at Windsor Castle on Tuesday, to visit her
Majesty and the Prince, and left on Thursday. The
Duchess of Kent has also been among the visitors at the
Castle._

—Tie; Majesty received at Windsor Castle, on Saturday.
the Duke and Duchess de Nemours and the Duke and
Duchess d'Aumale.

A large party is zkow assembled at the palace at Blen-
heim. His Grace the Duke of Marlborouh has collected
about him his OA sons,api daughters with AU his grand.
children.