The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-03-18 00:00:00

but how the distressed West Indians, when thus sacri-
ficed to the foreigner, are to maintain such a competition
I cannot conjecture. You tell them their cultivation,
under all the disadvantages infl:cted upon them, will be
protected by a differential duty of 9s. 4d., and at the
same time you reduce it to about 45., by giving fhe ss.
4d. in what assumes the character of bounty to encourage
the foreign sugar-grower !

The great staple production of the tropics are sugar,
coffee, and cotton. Since the gene; al peace took place
the cultivation of each has neoessArily been extended
the prices declining, and the supply and consumption in-
creasing. In the United States the produce of c, ttotx
has become so large that for the enormous crops they noes
produce (for they cannot substitute any other consumablV
cultivation,) they do not receive a greater amount lir
money than they did only a few years ago for those not
exceeding half the quantity; the case with coffee every
succeeding year becomes more similar, and the increasing
production of sugar promises a like termination; against
which, whilst the consumers everywhere are reaping the
benefit, the cultivators in our colonies and possessions,
particularly in the first, bearing burdens and labouring
underdisadvantages to which they are subjected by measu, es
forced upon them by the mother country,—that they must,
if persevered in, in my humble opinion, terminate in in-
creased poverty and distress to them, and all connected
with them, whilst the sources of their support are trans-
ferred to foreigners.

The consum-pti, n of sugar is expected by many to in-
crease rapidly and largely here. If we are to judge from
cases where similar results were expected, I think to
realize them prices must sink considerably under what
the reduction proposed to be made in the duty will admit
of. Take tea for an instance. In the days of the Com-
pany our annual consumption was 30,000,0001 b to
32,000,0001 b. Since then the price has fallen one-third,
or more, and our population greatly increased ; yet, after
an interval of about ten years, our consumption does not
now exceed 40,000,0001 b to 42,000,0001 b.

I have the honour to be, dear Sir, yours faithfully,
JOHN GLADSTONE.
_ _ _ _

Carlton-gardens, March 11

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

BETTING AT TATTERSALL'S—THuRsDAv

The Chester Cup business was unusually dull, and, be-
yond advancing Obscurity a point on Monday's quota-
tion, was utterly void of interest. On the Derby it was a
shade better, and from the spirit with which Clear-the-
way and Old England were backed, and the repeated, but
unsuccessful, attempts to bick Idas, was not altogether
unimportant. Taking it as a whole, however, it was flat,
and, except in two or three instances, in which the mar-
ket prices' were set at nought, unprofitable. We give the
average odds at the close of the few horses noticed in the
course of the day :

CHESTER CUP.
8 to 1 agst the Irish lot (taken)
8 1 the three-year olds (taken)
15 1 Mr. A. Johnstone's Obscurity (taken)
25 1 Mr. Bell's Winesour
33 1 Mr. Meiklam's Trutboy (taken)
33 1 Mr. Davis's Yheoman ac Knock (taken)
1000 —l5 Mr. Irwin's Faugh.a.Ballagh (taken)
1000 —lO Lord Stanley's Ambition (taken)
66 1 Mr. Armstrong's Advice
9 1 Obscurity and Winesour (taken)

THE DERBY

10 to 1 agst Mr. Greville's Alarm (taken to £2OO, and
afterwards offered)
13 1 Lord Stradbroke's Idas
16 1 Col. Peel's Cobweb colt (taken, and after-
wards offered)
18 1 Mr. Ferguson's Clear•the_way (taken)
25 1 Lord Glasgow's Miss Whip cult (taken, and
afterwards offered)
30 1 Mr. St. Paul's Mentor
30 1 Mr. A. W. Hill's Ironmaster (all in. taken)
40— 1 Mr. Gully's Old England (taken to £150)
40 1 Mr. A. Johnstone's Annandale (taken)
40 1 Duke of Richmond's Laird o'Cockpen (tk)
50 l Mr. Lintoff's Cabin Boy (taken)
50 1 Mr. Coleman's Young Eclipse (taken)
1000 —2O Col. Cradoc,'s Jinglepot (taken, and after-
wards offered)
1000 —l5 Mr. Irwin's Connaught Ranger (taken)

LATEST BETTING IN MANCHESTER.
FRIDAY EVENING.
CH ESTER CUP.
11 to 1 agst Cataract
13 1— Era
14 1 Obscurity (taken freely)
14 1 Semiseria
20 -- 1 Winesour
25 1 Zenoni
25 1 St. Lawrence
30 1 Yheotnun.sc-Knuck
33 1 Celeste (offered)
33 1 Trut-boy (offered)
40 1 Queen of Tyne (tk 50 to 1)
40 1 Fitz-Allen (tk 50 to 1)
50 1 Extravaganza (offered)
60 1 Mystery (taken)

The odds quoted against The Era and Cataract are no.
minal, no business haling been transacted upon them
whereby to determine a price, and an offer several times
to back the latter for £5OO at evens against each of any
three also proved unavailing ; but upon Obscurity, 14 to
1 (an elevation of a couple of points since Tuesday) was
taken rather eagerly, £75 constituting the whole amount
her backer could invest, the same odds being laid to a
small amount against Semiseria ; 14 to 1 was subsequently
asked for about Obscurity, but a point less was the most
any one wont,: lay. Winesour and Mystery was backed
to small amounts, but beyond what we have just stated
nothing else of interest was done. 8 to 1 would have
been accepted upon either the Irish lot or the three year
olds.

DERBY.
10 to 1 agst Alarm
l 2 1 ldss
13 1 Kedger
16 1 Cobweb colt
16 1 Clear-tbe-Way
20 1 Pam
25 1 Miss Whip colt
30 l Mentor
33 1 Pantasa
40 I Old England
40 1 Annandale
40 1 Fiiz-Allen
50 1 Young Eclipse
50 1 Cabin Boy
200 7 Cabin Boy and Lycurgus

Clear-the-Way was backed ye;terday in ponies at 20 to
1, and came so prominently into notice afterwards that 18
to 1 could not be obtained ; to-day, he was backed to £5O
at 18 to 1 (wanted in hundreds), and, at the close we very
much doubt whether anything over the price quoted would
have been laid. Idai, to a small sum, at 12 to 1, and Old
England, twice in ponies, at 40 to 1, were the only other
bets that we heard taken. 13 to 1 was all that was offered
against Kedger.

MATCH AT AINTREE.—A match for £2O a-side came
off over the course at Aintree, on Wednesday last, be-
tween Mr. Davidson's br horse the Viper, and Mr. Hen-
derson's bay mare Blos.-ml, which was won in a canter
by Blossom. The Viper was backed at evens before start-
ing, but in running, after going the first two miles, 10 to
1 was freely laid on the mare, without takers. The dis-
tance was four miles.

MATCH BETWEEN AGRICULTURE AND CULVER•
THORPE.—The match between Agricuture and Culver-
thorpe, which was to have come off at Aintree, on Satur-
day week, was for £5OO a side and 200 forfeit, owners to
rule, and the articles were signed by " William Scott"
arid '' James Mason." There was also a " bye bet " of
£1,200 to £l.OOO laid on Agriculture at the time. It
afterwards turned out that Culverthorpe was and is now
the property of Mr. John Tilbury, and this circumstance
having come to the knowledge of Scott, lie of jected to
Mason's riding. and expressed his detet initiation of abid-
ing by the articles, and claim of forfeit, unless Mr. Til-
bury rode the match. A plain statement of the case was
laid before Mr. Martin, and that learned gotleman, we
are informed, was decidedly of opinion that, Mr. Tilbury
bring the owner of his horse, as such he ought to be
up." At the appointed hour, both Scott arid Mason
appeared dressed cap-a-pie, ready for action ; but Scott
made no further object;on to Mason's riding. The stakes
having been &posited a delay was occasioned by the ab-
sence of the Earl of Sefton, (the umpire,) who was una-
ble to attend. In the mean time Mr. O'Brien. a friend
of Mr. Scnitt's, had an interview with Mr. F. Clarke, (on
the part of Mr. Tilbury,) when the matter was apparently
satisfactorily twanged betw: en those gentlemen, and it
was announced that the match was " off, but it was ge-
nerally believed that Culvetthorpe would receive forfeit.

THE IMMENSITY or THE UNIVERSE.—The space in
which the systems composing the universe move is illi-
mitable. Were we to attempt to assign its limits, what
could we imagine to be beyond ? The number of worlds
is infinitely great ; it is inexpressible, indeed, by numbers.
A ray of light traverses 180,000 miles in a second of time.
A year comprises millions of seconds, yet there are fixed
stars so immeasurably distant, that their light would re-
quire billions of years to reach our eyes. We are ac-
quainted with animals possessing teeth, and organs of
motion and digestion, which are wholly invisible to the
naked eye. Other animals exist, which, if measurable,
would be found many thousands of times smaller, which,
nevertheless, possess the same appatatus. These crea-
tures, in the same manner as the larger animals, take
nourishment and are propagated by means of ova, which
must, consequently, be again many hundreds of times
smaller than their own bodies. It is only because our
organs of vision are imperfect, that we do not perceive
creatures a million times smaller than these. What
variety and what infinite gradations do the constituents
of our glebe present to us in their properties and their
conditions! There are bodies u hich are twenty times
heavier than an equal volume of water • there are others
which are ten thousand times lighter, the ultimate parti-
cles of which cannot be known by the most powerful
microscopes. Finally, we have starlight—that wonderful
messenger which brings us daily intelligence of the con-
tinued existence of numberless worlds, the expression of
an immaterial essence which no longer obeys the laws of
gravitation, and yet manifests itself to our senses by in-
numerable effects. Even the light of the sun—wit)] the
at rival of which upon the earth inanimate nature receives
life and motion—we cleave asunder into rays, which,
without any power of illumination, produces the most
important alterations and decompositions in organic na-
ture. We separate fr :m light certain rays, which ex-
hibit among themselves a diversity
Lettern as
o
great as exists
amongst colours. But nowhere do we observe eitherbeginning or an end.—Lieliqp
How many insects make a landlord ?—Teu-ants,.' t. . '