The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1833-01-04 00:00:00

ASSESSED TAXES,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST./IND./OP' 0
SIR,—As you have give 4 in your paper of Fiiday 15 j
extract from the Guardian and Public Ledger, remarking
some asperity upon the operations necessary to make the 10:-1)
duty equal, by surcharging those who are not assessed so 01
as their neighbours; and as the same article in Peremptrit
terms saysy "we must have the Assessed Taxes repealed
may be useful, in order that your readers may have a col 44
view of the subject, to examine the items of which the Asse6s
taxes are composed.

DUTY ON 1828. 18.32.
Houses £1,295,972 £1,357,000
Windows.

2,460,327 2,535,300 £2,535r
Servants 277,859 295,1001
Carriages
Riding Horses
417,800
OtherHorses&Mules 59,9465
Dogs
Horse dealers
Hair Powder • 19,096 181,000 r'
.41'526"
Game
Composition duty 31,569
Armorial Bearings 50,770

£3,952,50.1 £4,061300

I confess I am not sanguine enough in the present stsl:l
things, to expect an immedtate repeal of this branch of fro.,
tion, however obnoxious part of it may be ; but if to 17e,
pealed, and the amount as has been rumoured, is to be 0 kw?
tuted by a property tax, it will be necessary to be very atteooo
to the proportions, as it .occurs to me, that those-who are,
most desirous for the repeal, would be the most streo/40'
opposers of any tax that should make them contributed
‘
substitute for the £1,526,000, which may be considered as 9"
raised on luxuries. •
A property tax, as distinguished during the latter part 0 t;f
war, up to 1815, was understood to be exclusive of ificoraet
to attach, upon the rent or value of all hoises, lan''
premises. hot'
Supposing then the rental value of the kingdom to bel
millions, it would require a tax of above four persCnt. to
good the house and window duty,—and two and a half per 00'1'
more to pay for the duty on luxuries,,--making in the
nearly 7 per cent. upon the rent or value.—l am, Sir, 10;
INI3AGAIv

AN ODD COMPLA]

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERI

SIRS I see in last Saturday's Liverpoc
eomplaint, that you have two days a w
While they have but one to expose it.
Let the Editor then likewise take two,
Why does he not? Surely it cannot be
Itot support him in his benevolent purl
are not yet sufficiently alive to the beauty
purity of his principles ?—Yours, &c.
January 1, 1833.

THE MERCURY AND THE

1111111
i 4 :ali
?
'1 4. IltLi

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

RECIPROCITY AND FREE TRADE.

THE DUTCH QUESTION.

been repeatedly acknowledged and ratified by express treaty
with the Sovereign power of that country, which alone could
have any pretence to interfere. As well might France. there-
fore, interfere between the Spaniards and English relative to
the regulations of the navigation of the River Mississippi in
America. Their interference relative to the Scheldt shews no
less arrogance and injustice, than a rooted contempt of existing
order and moral obligation." And Mr. Fox himself, the acknoW-
ledged leader of the opposition, only urged upon the House the
policy of treating with the then Government of France, "as the
best mode of preserving to Holland the monopoly of the
Scheldt."

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Sta,—l am sorry to find, that treaties regarding trade, and
commercial questions in general, receive so little attention from
the Liverpool press.

I am led to address you in consequence of Mr. Stanley's
speech, the other day, to the electors at Lancaster, wherein he
is reported to have made allusion to some treaty pending with
France, which, when completed, would permit the exportation,
to that country, of our cotton yarn. But NI hether we are to
give some equivalent for this " boon," or that it is merely a
tardy return for the liberality we have already shown, by ad-
mitting French productions at reduced duties, I have not yet
ascertained. However, the idea of having a new market opened
to us for the great staple of this district gave me inexpressible
pleasure, and I pictured to myself a sudden rise in the price of
Bowed Georgias of, at least, y2d. per lb. ; but guess my disap-
pointment, Mr. Editor, when I found, that the only yarn we
should be permitted to send to our friendly neighbours was that
of the finest description—numbers 180 or 200 at the very low-
est! Why, all the yarn they would want from us, in this case,
would not increase our consumption fifty bags per annum.—.
Besides, the French want this kind of yarn for their net & lace
manufactories, and cannot do without it; in fact, they already
get as much as they want from us, but then it is smuggled, and
costs them dearer than if the importation was unrestricted.
So, you see, Mr. Editor, that our friends on the other side of
the channel know what they are about ; and their late free trade
manifestoes, so much extolled just n.ow by some of our liberal
press, have a tangible meaning ;—we are to be their dupes, but
I hope that the cotton-spinners of Manchester will teach Mr.
Poulett Thomson better. B.

TO THE EDITOR OR THE LIVERPOOL STS.VDdIRD.

Moral philosophy recals to the consideration of the inquirer the al-
most inestimable importance, as of other general rules of relative
justice, so especially of national and personal fidelity, and the
unseen and unbounded extent of the mischief which must follow
from the want of it..—PALEY, Chap. 12.

Sia,—l conceive from the authoritative tone assumed by Mr.
Stanley, in his recent speech at Lancaster, that we may consi-
der him as Lord Grey's accredited agent : 1 think, too, we may
infer that Lord Grey and his colleagues in office, startled at the
increasing demand for innovation which the new elections had
disclosed, were anxious for an opportunity of declaring their in-
tentions upon the chief questions which agitate the empire, and
that they availed themselves of Mr. Stanley's speech-making
position, as a candidate, to make their avowals to the British
public. Conceiving this to be the origin and aim of Mr. Stan-
ley's address, there is consolation to be extracted from it, that
ministers can no longer be identified with the movement
party of this country : whether they can effectually restrain the
torrent which threatens to overwhelm the land, whether Lord
Grey, or Lord Brougham, can really prove himself a Prospero,
and by a motion of his wand bring into subjection this Caliban
of the state, is a secret in the womb of time. Suffice it for us, that
if faith be kept with Mr. Stanley, ministers must oppose and
counteract the schemes and machinations of the volunteer
pledge-men, who, it is said, have been sent to parliament in such
appalling numbers.
But although there is, in this respect, a source of gratification
from the speech of the right hon. secretary, yet upon the Dutch
question the right hon. gentleman has not assigned one satis-
factory reason for the conduct of the administration; -and I
therefore do not hesitate to charge them with a gross breach of
international law, and with utter disregard to public treaties.
On this subject Mr. Stanley said, " The trading, commercial,
and manufacturing interests oI the country, have been urged
and goaded on, (I confess not with much success,) to express
their disappointment, by the party which first brought forward
this question of peace. Let me remind the manufacturing and
commercial interests what is the point for which the King of
Holland is at the present time holding out. What ! ought we
not to endeavour to establish a free navigation in the Scheldt,
and the admission of British manufactures into the heart of
Germany ? -Is this point not important to British statesmen ?
Is this a point in contending for which we are to be charged
with an endeavour to ruin the manufactures and trade of our
country ?" Such are the triumphant, self-gratulatory inquiries
of the right hon. gentleman ! Now let us briefly review the
facts. The different interests of Holland and Belgium, after
their disunion, being incapable of adjustment by accommoda-
tion, certain European powers (of whom Great Britain was
one) undertook the office of, mediator between the two bellige-
rent states. Now " the office of mediator," says Vattel, " re-
quires as great a degree of integrity as of prudence and address.
The mediator ought to observe a strict impartiality: he should
soften the reproaches of the disputants, calm their resentments,
and dispose their minds to a reconciliation. His duty is to
favour well-founded claims, and to effect the restoration to each
party of.what belongs to him."
Has Holland, then, any well-founded claims, resisted by Bel.
gium, which it was the duty of England as a mediator to favour?
And has England effected, Or attempted to effect, the restoration
to Holland of what belongs to her? We will answer this by a
reference to what took place in this country in 1793, when
republican France assumed to herself the right of dictating that
the navigation of the Scheldt should be free. In a note from
Lord Grenville (then Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs)
to M. Chauvelin, we find a recognition of the rights of Holland,
in these terms :

TIIE CHURCH ESTABLISHMENT.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

Stn,—To confirm the position that legislation has nothing to
do with religion, and that civil establishments of it are unlaw-
ful, it is confidently asserted that Christ has prohibited them,
and the text on which, I believe, the chief reliance is placed for
proof, is the following one in St. John, (xviii. 36,) " My king-
dom is not of this world." But I think that any one who ex-
amines this text will see that it really does not bear on the sub-
ject at all. The Saviour was brought before Pilate, and accused
of usurping the title of King, and the people said, " If thou let
this man go thou art not Cmsar's friend : whosoever makelh
himself a king speaketh against Caesar." Pilate, evidently
thinking the accusation an absurd one, said, " Art thou the
king of the Jews ?" To which the Saviour replied, "My king-
dom is not of this world, else would my servants fight ;" or, in
other words, my kingdom is a spiritual one, of a nature totally
different from that of Cwsar, and therefore need give him no
cause for jealousy. Now, how does this prove that the civil
magistrate has nothing to do with religion ? How does it prove
that civil establishments of religion are unlawful? Our Lord,
it is true, disclaims all temporal power to himself; but does he
define the limits of temporal power in others ? He disclahnS
all interference with Caesar; but does he say that Caesar has no
right to interfere with him? Quite the contrary. He submit-
ted to the sentence of Caesar's deputy; he foretold his apostles
that they should be brought before kings and magistrates for
his sake ; and his apostles exhorted their followers to be subject
to every ordinance of man. The foregoing, and all other texts
which are quoted on this subject, only prove that our Lord did
not claim, as head of the church, any temporal dominion, or
any right of judgment in civil and criminal cases ; and his
apostles practised and enforced obedience to the civil power,
without at all defining how far that power should extend.
Whereas, the prophet, speaking of the future destinies of
Christianity, says that Kings are to be its nursing fathers, and
queens its nursing mothers; which would seem to decide the
question quite the other way.
Religion, therefore, is incorporated with civil government,
not to render religion political, but to render government reli-
gious ; or, in the language of common use, church and state arc
united not to secularize the church, but to spiritualize the state.
A national church is established for the national religious in-
struction of the people,—to add the sanctions of religion to the
terrors of the penal law,—to deter men from crimes which the
temporal law cannot reach,—to enforce duties over which the
temporal law has no control,—and to supply the people with
that religious education which otherwise they would not re-
ceive at all.

In 1793 England joined Holland in a war against France,
to maintain the title of the Dutch to the Scheldt., against the
then Republican cry of Free Navigation. In 1832 England
joins France in something like a war against Holland. For
what purpose ? We will answer the question in Mr. Stanley's
own words, to endeavour to establish a free navigation in the
Scheldt, and the admission of British manufactures into the
heart of Germany. " Is this a point so important to British
Statemen" as to justify them in their disregard of all the old
treaties with Holland, by which the Scheldt was secured to this
latter power? And can it gloss over the inconsistency of Dag ;
England's public declaration in 1793, of Holland's mo-
nopoly of the Scheldt both by the law of nature and ua-
nations, and her acts in 18.32, by which she denies that right,
and endeavours to deprive her old ally of it by force ? But Ant-
werp is not the only route through which British manufactures
might reach the heart of Germany. Amsterdam and Hamburgh
are both convenient ports, and had it been otherwise, it would
have been better for England, that a little inconvenience should
have been suffered as to her goods reaching a market, than that
her character for scrupulous fidelity to public treaties, and to
old alliances should be thus sacrificed.

But it will, perhaps, be said, that as Holland joined Buona-
parte in his wars against England, Holland has voluntarily set
herself in array against us, and is, therefore, no longer entitled
to the benefit of the treaties and declarations which England
made in her favour before the war.

" I am unwilling to leave without a more particular reply
what you say on the subject of the Scheldt. If it were true
that this question is in itself of little importance, this would only
serve to prove more clearly, that it was brought forward only
for the purpose of insulting the allies of England, by the infrac-
tion of their neutrality, and by the violation of their rights
which the faith of treaties obliges us to maintain. But you
cannot be ignorant, that here the utmost importance is attached
to those principles which France wishes to establish by this
proceeding, and to those consequences which would naturally
result from them; and that not only those principles and those
consequences will never be admitted by England, but that she
is, and ever will be, ready to oppose them with all her force.
"France can have no right to annul the stipulations relative
to the Scheldt, unless she have also the right to set aside,
equally, all the other treaties between all the other powers of
Europe, and all the other rights of England or of her allies.
She can even have no pretence to interfere in the question of
opening the Scheldt, unless she were the sovereign of the low
Countries, or had the right to dictate laws to all Europe,
" England will never consent that France shall arrogate the
power of annulling at her pleasure, and under the pretence of a
pretended natural right, of which she makes herself the only
judge, the political system of Europe, established by solemn
treaties, and guaranteed by the consent of all the powers. This
government adhering to the maxims which it has followed for
more than a century, will, also, never see with indifference, that
France shall make herself, either directly or indirectly, sovereign
of the Low Countries, or general arbitress of the rights and li-
berties of Europe. If France is really desirous of maintaining
friendship and peace with England, she must show herself dis-
posed to renounce her views of aggression and aggrandisement,
and to confine herself within her own territory, without insult-
ing other Governments, without disturbing their tranquillity,
without violating their rights."
In the House of Commons in 1793 there seemed to be but one
opinion as to the aggression of France upon Holland, and the
only contest between ministers and opposition was, whether
England should at once unite with Holland, her ally, in a war
against France, or whether England should endeavour by nego-
ciation to induce France to withdraw her pretensions.
Mr. Jenkinson (afterwards Lord Liverpool) observed that
the French knew we were engaged to protect Holland in the
navigation of the Scheldt, and their insolent threats of opening
it in defiance of guarantees and subsisting treaties, mu st be
considered as an intentional insult to this country, which could
not be overlooked without the imputation of a cowardly and
base submission."

The willingness with which she embarked in those wars
might, perhaps, be denied; but granting it—the deduction from
it has no force, for Holland, being an independent state by ac-
knowledgement of all,•is entitled to all the privileges conceded
by the law of nations to a civilized independent state, and by
that law she has the dominion over all rivers within her banks ;
and if that law was uncertain, which it is not, she has a right to
avail herself of England's former declarations on that subject
in all discussions with that power.
The treaty of Vienna being only applicable to Holland and
Belgium united, is on thii question a dead letter.
One word more upon the subject of the mediation, and I will
bring this long paper to a close. If England undertook the office
of mediator with the pre-determination to find a pretext for in-
sisting upon the free navigation of the Scheldt then, as she
could not be impartial in the execution of this office, she had
aggravated her injustice as to treaties by making hypocrisy her
confederate.;-if in the progress of the mediation she learns for
the first time that her commercial interests were identified with
those of Belgium, why did she not then withdraw from the office
of mediatrix, and confess, as she ought to have done, in truth and
honesty, that she could not act with impartiality. With the views
expressed by Mr. Stanley, her continuance as a, party to the
mediation is irreconcileable with the most common rules of
justice.

It used to be a favourite maxim of the Whigs, that what was
morally wrong, could not be politieally right. They will
perhaps retract this position now, or justify their conduct to-
wards llolland.—Yours, &c.
LiverpooliDec. 27, 1832. SIC DONEC.

This latter position, however, is denied. It is said that the
people would, upon the free trade system, supply themselves
with religious education without an established religion;; and
America is cited as a case in point. Now, in the first place,
there is no analogy between America, a newly settled repliblic
with a territory of two millions of square miles and a popula-
tion of 6 to each square mile, and England, an ancient mo-
narchy, with a population of above 220 to each square mile;
but if this were not so,let us see whether America is a case in
point—whether the experiment it has tried furnishes an example
which other nations should follow. Dr. Dwight, (an American, )
comparing Connecticut, where there was a tax for the support
of religious worship, with the States south of New England,
where there was none, says, "In Connecticut every one may
hear the gospel, and celebrate public worship every Sabbath.
In the others, it is not improbable that a number of people, se-
veral times as great as Connecticut, have scarcely heard a ser-
mon or a prayer in their lives." Of Rhode Island, he says, "The
places of ministers are filled by ignorant individuals, farmers and
mechanics, who push themselves into the desk for two reasons,—.
sloth and spiritual pride; who distort doctrines, pervert the scrip-
tures, and murder arguments; who are coarse in their manners,
and clumsy and ridiculous in their discourses," In this state a
turnpike company having applied to the legislature for a sum
of money to complete a road, was refused, and one of the meth-
hers alleged the following reason : that turnpikes and religious
establishments had their origin in Great Britain, the govern-
ment of which was a monarchy, and its people slaves, and that
free-born Rhode islanders ought never to submit to be priest-
ridden, nor to pay for the privilege of travelling on the high
way. Dr. Dwight also tells us, that, in 1812, there were proba-
bably three millions of souls in the United States destitute of
religious ordinances.
Dr. Mason, in his plea for Catholic Communion, says, "we
have already some millions of our own colour as destitute of
evangelical mercies as the savage who yells on the banks of the
Missouir." Mr. Flower says, "when I arrived at Albion, a
more demoralized state of society never existed : the English
played at cricket, the back-woodsman shot at marks, and the
Sunday ended in riot and fighting." Fearon, in his sketches,
says, " whatever religious information exists in Philadelphia is
confined to the clergy. The countless sects differ from English
sectaries in being more solemnly bigoted, more intolerant, and
More ignorant of the scriptures." Ido not refer to Mrs. Trol-
lope, because I think the above quotations will suffice to show,
that the American experiment is, to say the least of it, still
somewhat questionable ; that its success, at least, is not yet sure;
and that we, in England, need not yet overthrow our religious
establishment in imitation of republican America; and, indeed,
looking at both pictures, perhaps it will be admitted by mode-
rate men, that we had better, for the present, bear the ills we
have, than fly to others that we know not of: Having attempted to
show, that a religious establishment is not unlawful—not un-
scriptural, but, on the contrary, essential to the religious edu-
cation of the people, I will enquire in my next how far the
Church of England is effective to that end, and by what means
it may be rendered more so.--Your obedient servant,

PRESBYTER.

And Mr. Grant, (afterwards the eminent Master of the Rolls)
added, " all the celebrated writers on the Law of Nations, had
laid it down as a clear and indubitable principle of propriety,
that Rivers belonged to those who inhabited their banks, just
as far and no farther than those banks extended. If the hanks
belonged to different people, then the dominion over the River
was divided, each people possessing the part that was conti-
guous to their domain; and such was the policy of this
.distri-
bution, that if it had not been so laid down by the: ablest
writers on the law of,nations, it would have been a positive sti-
pulation indispensy necessary. under the Law of Nations, for
without it no state icould be secure. If the course' of rivers
was, as is contended for by the French, as open and common
to mankind as the sea itself, a fleet of French, and Spaniards
might sail up the Thames, and we should have no right to
molest them until they actually began hostilities. Agreeable
to this Law of Nations, we find every other civilised state
had invariably acted. The Mouth of the Scheldt, therefore,
being between the Banks of Holland; gave them, under the
Law of Nature and Nations, a most incontrovertible right to
the exclusive possession of that river as far as their banks ex-
tended: but, independent of general doctrine, that „right has

THE OLD FREEMEN :-THE CHARGE OF BRIBERY.

TO THE EDITOR OP THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.
SlR,—Aithough when I left the Blue Coat School, about 20
years ago, I considered myself something of a scholar, I have
not since had much practice in writing, and, therefore, if you'll
put what I am going to say into a ship-shape
.form, I'll thank
you. .

It seems, that because we, old freemen, brought Lord San-
don in by our votes upon the second day of the election, we
are called' by the radicals and their crew all the , hard names
that they can think of. As I consider that we have been abused
without any good reason, I 'wish to say a few words iu our de-
fence ; and, first, I must tell you, plainly, that 1 was one of
those who, at Ewart and Denison's electicut, got a sum of mo-
.ney given me for my vote; and I will tell you why I and many
others did not hesitate at receiving it.
Both the gentlemen were strangers to us, and both of them
said that they should do as Canning and Huskisson had done
before them. Now, we have been told by our masters, and the
merchants, who ought to know better than us, that Canning
and Huskisson had been very good members for the town ; and
as we did not know that there was any great difference as to
the talent of Mr. Denison and Mr. Ewart, and as we saw that
both were supported by many respectable gentlemen, we did
not care a straw which was to be the member. Well, feeling
in this sort of way, when both parties came and offered us mo-
ney to vote as they wished us, we began to. say, " One man
will, per"aps, make as good a member for the town as the other,
and is oney will be a great thing for us ;it will help us to
pay on nt, and to buy a load of coals, and to do many other
things ; and we thought, therefore, that we did right in taking it.
But, at the last election, things were very different : we saw
Dird Sandon and Sir Howard Douglas supported by all the
shipowners and master-tradesmen in the town, and we felt not
only that those two were the properest men, but that we ought
to support those who support us. We also saw the other two
candidates were radicals, and had nobody to back them but a
parcel of what we call "the young chickens," who, I think,
ought to have known better than to fly in the faces of their em-
ployers,—but that's their business.

And now let me ask you, whether those people who abuse us
so were not the people who tempted us ? Weren't they what
we called reformers; and did not both Ewart and Denison vote
for the reform bill? If we had voted for Thornely, I suppose,
we should have beeA called all sorts of fine names by these
fellows ; but it doesn't matter, we had rather be blackguarded
by them than praised. They seem to think, that because they
have to do with newspapers, they may say what they like ; but
I can tell them this, that we think ourselves quite as honest,
and, therefore, as respectable at any of them;—and I can tell
them, further, that nobody who called td canvass us met with
any incivility or disrespect which, if what I have heard is true,
cannot be said for some people who keep shops in Byrom-street
and Whitechapels—l am, sir,
AN OLD FREEMAN.
Naylor-street, December 29, 1832.

•
By accounts frota.Turkeyt we are informed that a detach-
ment of the army of Ibrahim Pacha, in an attempt to pass
Erigle, had boon repulsed, but that another column, directing
its advance northward, had met no resistance, Tahir Pacha
had been formally appointed to the rank of Grand Admiral, in
place of Halil
The Earl of Derby is at present residing at Knowsley, to
the great delight of his tenantry. His Lordship's hospitalities
arc unbounded at this season of the year.
PAST liiniNG.—On Wednesday, in the Insolvent Debtors'
Court, a Mr. Hutchinson swore that he rode from Canterbury
to London, on his own horse, in'two hours and twenty-five
minutes (distance fifty-six miles) and obtained the freedom of
the city of Canterbury as a reward for his exploit. It was a
most extraordinary performance.

V I 1 .11"1" SES.

LITERARY SENATORS.—II luta opter!—We have long been
of opinion that the career of the literary man anu the career
of the politician are parade! and incapable of junction; and,
accurding,ly. reverence the firmness and candour with winch
the great Irish lyrist has rejected the mantle thrust upon him by
his worshippers. Many great statesmen, it is true, have writ-
um books; but it is um by their books they are. remembered ;
nor can we reeal an instance of any voluminous author having
made a figure iu parliament. The bloom. of his sitirit is shed
elsewhere; dud though Prior was a diplomatist, Addisim a
Secretary of State, Wader and Steele senators, we do not con
ceiVe that the country was. ever much the better for their
tical labours.—Tait', Commoaplace Book.

ALMANACPUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION
OF USEFUL. KNOWLEDGE.—A very remarkable error, at least
' au error with referencee to this publication of 1832, is observ-
able in the aiinanac for the new year—the error is the more de-
serving of notice as it goes throagh the entire year. We allude
to the time of sun rising and sun setting, as set forth in the two
almanacs. To-morrow, the 31st, the sun sets, according to
that of last year, at fifty-five minutes after three o'clock, and.
'rises at five minutes after eight;. and these calculations are
consistent with the-previous statements of sun rising mid *sun
-setting -throughout the year. Now fur the almanac of 1833.
On Toesday, the first day of the new year, the sun is .made 'to
rise at eig;it minutes after eight—thfce nnnatcs latcrthan it
-ruse on the previous day, aceordindgi to the alumnae of 1832,
and is made to set at four o'clock, giving us an increase of five
minutes snore light in one day! Our astronomical knowledge
is not sufficient to entitle us to say whether the 133 calcula-
tions are right or wrong, but With reit:tem° to those of 1832
tney are decidedly wrong. In a work like an almanac; which
1..,ts twelve months, and on which persons pin their faith as to
its solar acid other statements, we OUT* it behoved the respect-
able society in question to have been wure careful.—Neies. .
A Fox HusrEa Is A JUMBLE: OF ooxiLs.—lle sets
forth clean, • though he conies out of a kennel, and lefuriii
lioine dirty. lie cares not fur cards, yet strives to be•always
with the pack. He loves fencing, but without carte or tierce ;
and delights in a steeple chase, though he does not foillow the
church. He is anything but litigious, yyt is fond of a certain
suit, and retains bearlet. • Ho keeps a • running aceutta with
Horse, Dog, Fox, •and Co., bat objects to a check.' As' to
cards, in choosing a pack he prefers Runty. In theatricals,.
lie favours Miss Somervilie, because her namesake wrote the
Chase, though he never read it. Ile is no great tlincet, though`
he is fond of casting off 20 couple; and no great painter,
though he draws corers, and seeks fur a brush.. .lie is no.
musician, and yet. is fond of five bars. I lie despises doctors,
vet follows-a course of bark. professes to love his country-, but
is perpetually crossing it. He Is' fend of- strong ale and beer,
but dislikes any purl. He-is good-tempered, yet su far a tartar
as to prefer a saddle ofhorse.tu iisaddle of unitton. Ile is slime-
what tough and bearish. himself, but insists ou good breeding in
horses and dogs. lie proles:3,2s the Church Catechism, and
c-oantenantei heathen dogmas, by mulling his hounds after
Jupiter, Juno, Mars' • and Diana. lie cares nut for violets,.
but he doats on a good scent. Ile says his wife is a shrew, but
objects to destroying a vixen, In polities -he inclines to Pitt,
and runs after Fox. Ile is -no Mirk-sop, but he loves to tally.
lie protects poultry, and preserves foxes.- lie inflows but one
business, and yet kiss many pursui.s. Ile pretends to be know-
ing, but a dog leads him by
.the nose.. He is asdioneSt a fellow
as needs be, yet his neck .is oftener in .danger than a thief's.
'lle swears he can clear any thing, but is beaten by a fu g • he
esteems himself prosperous; and is a',ways going to the c.(0,75,
Ile delights in the Hunter's Stakes, but tales care not to stale
his hunter. He praises discretion, but would rather let the eat out
of the bag than a fox. To conclude, he runs as long as he can,
end then gees to cal-th, and his heii is in at his deatn. 13ut his
heir does not stand in his shoes, fur he ilever ivorc any thing,
bet Ceinjo Annual.

AN IMPORTANT SURGICAL OPIMATION has recently been
performed at Philadelphia, in . presence Of more than three
hundred students and physicians.; the operation was performed
by Professor
.Gibson;- of. the University of Pennsylvania, on a
b'oy sixteen Years of age. ~A hinter of solid consistence, and as
large as a.efiild's head, occupied the right side of the neck, and
.laa been p,:rowinl. several years. The great arteries, the veins,
and nerves of the 'neck were spread over the surface of the
tumour in every direction. .The carotid artery and internal ju-
gular vein were first tied by the operator, the nerves turned
aside, and "
the enlarged mass dissected out so as to expose the
pharynx, gullet, windpipe, and great sympathetic nerve, without
the loss of more than three ounces of blood. The operation
lasted thirty-eight minutes.

IRELAND IN 1600.—Among the unpubliihed state papers in
Hatfield House is one tailed " Con.iderations touching ye
Queen's service in Ireland." Among other things, this recom-
mends
temporary toleration of ltomanism,---lhe sending out
of clergy men, who are vehement and zealous persuaders, and
not schoiasticall, to be resident in the principal' towns,—the
continuing and replenishing of tic College beganne-at Dublvn,
—the placing of good men as ,bishops iu the Seas there,,-Ike
taking care that versions of Bibes, Catechisms, and other,
books of instruction, he made into the Irish language,—and
the encouragement of an interchange of settlers between Eng-
land and ircianl If these ". Considerations" had been . acted
on, how different would the present state of Ireland be.
ImPORTANT DiscovEar.—We understand that Sir David
Brewster has, within this last week, made two very. remarkable
discoveries, which promise to be of some-use to science. - In a
new salt discovered by Dr. William Gregory, viz., au oxalate
of chromium and potash, he has detected the extraordinary
property that one of its images formed by .double reTraclion is
of a bnght scarlet, while the other image is of a bright blue
colour. In examining the pure liquid, aanhydrous nitrous acid,_
prepared in the manner which is supposed to yield it, in its pur-
est state, he found that the acid actually consisted of two sepa-
. rate fluids, one of which was heaVier than, the other, and pos-
sessed-a much higher refractive power. When the two fluids
were shaken they formed an. imperfect union, and separated
again by being allowed to remain at rest. What the second
fluid is remains to be investigated; it may, perhaps, turn out
to be an entirely new substance. Its physical properties are
now under investigation.—Caledoniaa Merculy.
Tue. ENGListimasr, receives from his climate . a multitude of
necessities, all so many spurs to industry and exertion. He has
need of more substantial food, of constant firing, of cravats,
double cravats, coats, great coats ; tea, ! brandy, spirits; a
larger wardrobe, on account of the increased consumption
caused by the smoke and the wet, &c. &c. &c. Comfort is in
the mouth of every Englishman at oxen- moment; it is .the
half of his life. My own countrymen make every effort, and
with reason, to obtain the pleasures of the life to come; the.
English with no less reason, to procure the pleasuies of -the'
present. The word " comfort" is the source of the riches and
the power of England. Idleness, in this country, necessarily
leads to suicide, because it is We priva.tion.of every thing... Na-
ture has here, as it were, denied every. thing to man, but in
recompense has bestowed on him the power and the perseve-
rance to procure every thing for himself. " Either read, or
walk, or play," said a good mother, in my hearing, to a little
girl of nine years' 'old, who happened to be standing idle.--
What the lady meant to imply was, that any thing was better
than doing nothing. In Italy there is. a proverb; that idle-
ness is the parent of every vice ; since vice procurei us !a mo-
mentary pleasure, this proverb is adapted rather to induce than
to deter. -In England, the case is altered, and idleness might
be called the parent of every raisery.—Obserratiuns of an Italiwi
Exile.

THEATRICALS.—Mr.C. Bean's Master Walter, in the Thmch-
back, is allowed, by all who have witnessed it„ to be one of the
finest specimens of correct and effective acting that has been
presented upon the Boston boards this season., His elegant
and emphatic reading, and natural and graceful action,- ailed
by that high genius which strengthens anti commands increased
homage as its possessor advances in life, imparted to the Hunch-
.'mck beauties which, in other hands, would.never have been vi-
sible.—(Boston Morning Post, \dr. 27.)—There is no truth
whatever in the assertions we yesterday copied-from the 06.5er-,
that-Mr.. Series 'tragedy. hasbeen returned from Drury-
lane. Madame de Marie has also written to Captain Polhill
to assure him there is no truth in the report of her debut .at
Covent-garden before she appears at Drury-lane.,--During one
of the finest passages delivered by Macready in logo, at Pniry-
lane, the other night, a worthy member of. the House of .Com-
mons, sitting in the dress-boles, thinking he was listening to a
speech ihstead of a play, called out, at the top of his voice,-
Hear, hear!" much to the astonishment add diversion- of the
audience.

ISCEL 7ZI ZE.: 733.

PUZZLING ANNOUNCENIEN T.—A hand-bill has been put forth.
at Exeter, headed—" Wanted, a few healthy members to com-
plete a sick society !"
Tun ComET.—The comet is now visible to the naked eve at
half-past eight in the evening, a little above the horizon, acmost
due east. It is near two small stars in the constellation Cancer,
and forms a trianglea_ with the large stars Pollux in Gemini and
Procyon in Canis Minor. About ten o'clock it is in a linnwith,
and almost midway between, Regulus in Leo and Pollux, but
rather nearest the latter star. At half-past 2in the morning the
comet is almost due south. The above observations were made
on the nights of the 19th, 23d, and 26th ult. a few miles off. Stir
ling.—Ca!edon.ian Mercury.
WHIG MAN(EUVRING.—One of the most barefaced instances
of Whig mauceuvring and hypocrisy has been
.played off in
this town during the last week. It has been surintied for some
time that an attempt would be made greatly to increase the
inhabited house duty; and that the serving of the surcharges
had been delayed in order to avoid risking the, return of our
retrenchment and economy member, Mr. Spring Rice. That
gentleman's friends, however, stoutly denied a statement to
that effect during the town election, and the denial had its
effect. It deferred the knowledge of the truth for exactly one
whole day ! Yes ! it is an absolute fact, that on the very day after
Mr. S. Rice's election, surcharges bearing date snore than a fort-
night previously, were delivered at the houses of many hundred
inhabitants, giving them notice that their inhabited house duty
was raised, in some cases 50 per cent.; • 'and:. soin-e" caso 100
per cent.—Cambridge Chronicle.
One of the newly-returned M. P.'s for Colchester, whose age
is verging towards 50, will shortly be married to the lovely
daughter of the Right lion. Charles Manners Sutton. The
young lady, we believe, is not yet 18. Mr. Sanderson, the
-tbrtunate bridegroom, has 'acquired enormous wealth as a bill
broker. His advance in life is curious.' He was originally a
quaker, and when he first came to London was placed with
his relative; a wholesale tea-dealer; from whence he was trans-
ferred as clerk, to the great money brokers, Richardson, Over-
end and Co., now Samuel Gurney and Co., where hnstipulated
that he should be permitted to attend the " Friendly Meeting
House" once a week. Daring the war, and towards its close,
he commenced business, associated with another friend, on
their own account, and they have been very deserVedlV and
eminently successful... Mr. Sanderson is a member. of .the Con-
servative club on Carlton-terrace, to which his vast wealth'
Would enable him to give peculiar facilities during the late
elections, if he had the inclination.-3forniny Chronicle.
It has been reported to-day, that all the artisans amid labourers
of the different dock-yards are to be discharged forthwith and
re-entered on a new'system; the principal feature of which is,
that no superannuation is to be expected at the close of any ser-
vice; however long and faithful. We have no 'objection to this
doctrine if it be applied only to men very recently entered,
.but we can never hnagine that any.governmeut would commit
the injustice of robbing an honest man of his just expectations
of superarinnation, Who at this moment has been working from
15 to 25 years in expectation of it. Such men have made no
provision for old age, nor have they attache4heinselves to bene-
fit societies, as they would otherwise have done, and now, at
their advanced age, no society will take them in as members.
If in future no such provision is to be made, and we see no rea-
,son why,it should- he continued, benefit societies will be esta-
blished to effect that which government has hitherto done, and
all prudent men will, by sach means,. provide for their old age.
Th. doctrine applies to civilians and others in goVernment em-
ploy.—Thimpshire Telegraph,
.. A QUAKER—we beg pardon—a member of the Society of
Friends, by name JOseph Pease, .has been placed at the head
of the poll, and returned foi: the -SOnthern DiViSion of the
county of Durham. He is a man of conSiderable wealth, and
of great influence in that part of, the 'county, as his election.
proves ; . there being in southern Durham a vast number of
persons who wear the souse garb, and profess the same doc-
trines as their hotiourahlti- representative. Mr. joseph Pease,
however, has some apprehensions' as to his 'reeeptiJii in' the
House of Commons. lie many not court, but he obviously
anticipates martyrdom. ,lie told the electors that "he was
well aware that lie insist go thfOugh much persemition in their,
'cause, and that he Should not be surprised if the Serj cant at
Arms be ordered to take hint into custody." These fears take
their rise in Mr. Joseph Pease's. honest
,and conscientious re-
pugnance to take the necessary oaths. He declares that he can-
not take an oath—that. the taking of oaths is unlawful—and
that he is resolved to contest their expediency with the Speaker,
at the hazard of being removed from the House by the Serjeant
at Arms. The reception of Mr. Pease by the other members
of the --Reformed Parliament will be an agreeable interlude
among the first acts of the approaching SClSlOU.—Ouardian.

/

THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

TILE FAMILY Ties existing between the Sovereign Houses
of Holland, Prussia, and Russia, are as follOvrs :—The King
of Holland is married -to t'o the sister of the present King of
Prussia, and the wife of -the Prince .of Orange is sister to the
Emperor of Russia. King Witliam's second sou (Prince
Frederick Charles) is
,united to Princess Louisa, one of the
daughters of the King of Prussia. The Empress of Russia is
also a daughter-of the King of Prussia.
PLIANCY OF MlNlSTERS.—Ministers are resolved that the
Ballot will conic with a better grace, if wrung front their coy
and reluctant hands. hey see the coming necessity, and have
been busy preparing for it, by a few sullmidenials. They have
exquisite reasons -in store, but reserve them for "compulsion."
They are considerate goveruors,—with some little attachment
to power,—but most ready at a coisipromise. They have no
desire of movement—from their 'benches ! Let the Times and
the poitical unions dethand. it, and they- arc ready to offer up
their consciences at the altar of public good. All this is obvious
—and Nary pleasant and consoling. The only question appears
to be, whether the ministerial 'Merit, When it does show itself,
will be duiv appreciated. Some persons are unreasonable
enough to think, that' their present time-serving is scarcely
proportionate to the mighty. interests of the age,—and that
whispers of their own interest may seem to have more share in
it,. than . either a knowledge of human nature, or a solicitude
for the welfare of the peopte. Be this as it may, however, we
fancy we have construed rightly the intentions of ministers.
We cannot believe that their declaration of the past week,—
from the several hustings at North Lancaster, South North-
ampton, and South Devon,--bear any other import.—Refiector.
'to MAnrxEns.—The following method for communicating
with the shore in case of a vessel being stranded on a lee-shore,
is proposed by a correspondent of the Sumac Advertiser, the
materials for which, he adds, are on hoard every ship that sails:
Fasten a strong line, not a rope, round an empty water cask;
on the side of the cask opposite to the bung hoc nail fast a flag
•bao• of gtrong, canvas, sufficient to contain a certain quantity of
'thee ballast of the ship, or one or two cannon shots, if the ship
carries guns; into the hour*-hole of the-barrel drive a spar which
will nearly tit the bung hole, and round which some oakum is to
be wrapped, so as to prevent any water from getting into the
cask; the spar need not be • more than afoot and a half or two
feet higher than the bung hole of the cask, and across this lash
a yard, to which a piece of canvas is to be applied, by way of
sail, the foot of which sail is to be nailed down to the cask. The
line which is to be sent on shore is to be occasionally made
buoyant by small pieces of deal spar, or cork if it can be had,
being tiedto it at different distances, so as to complete its buoy-
ancv, for this it is that has hitherto rendered all lines incapable
of tieing sent on shore; when the line arrives on shore, a good
sized rope, of course, is to be attached to it on board the ship,
and drawn on shore, so as to enable the mariners to save their
lives. It will be seen by this, that the weight of the ballast or
shot below, and opposite to the bung hole of the'barrel, keeps
the small mast upon which the sail stands almost always upright,
and the snore the Wind blows in Upon: the shore, the sooner the
cask will arrive there. This apparatus has been tried with
success.
AFFRAY WITII SMCGGLERS.—Aserious affray took place on
our coast on Sunday morning, about two, between a party of
smugglers and some of the preventive men belonging to the
Weymouth station. .A great number of smugglers, it is conjec-
tured not less than a hundred, were discovered working a quan-
tity of contraband goods on the beach opposite Lodmoor; they
had succeeded in landing a considerable number of casks of li-
quor, and were- in the act of carrying them off, when two of the
preventive men surprised them, and seized the remainder; the
smugglers, attempling to recover the residue, came in close con-
tact with the preventive men- who came to their assistance, as
did a boat's crew from the Eagle -revenue cutter. The contest
being still unequal as to strength, the limn were obliged to fire
balls (they having originally fired only powder) to protect the
liquor,- as well as their own persons from the bludgeons of the
srang7iers; it appears their firing did considerable execution,
many were wounded, and some killed, two being left dead,
after the smugglers had retired, Which theydid on finding them-
selves so inner more roughly handled than they had anticipated.
The two left dead are named Brown and Webber; the former
about twenty, and the latter fifteen years of age. • The quan-
tity of blood y isible on the spot indicates extensive mischief;
oneef the preventive men; is severely Wounded. The number
of casks that were retained is 66, which together with the dead
bodies were brought into Weymouth iu a Waggon; under -a strong
escort.—Sherburne

A. -2JANstors4tousg- (LoNpoN) COLLOQUY.-The following
dialogue .took place, lately, in Consequence of the Lord Mayor's
having received a letter, from a Scotchman; of the name of
Alexander Dobie. The writer stated, that he had been .much
annoyed by ladies of rank, who followed him, and as.he consi-
dered, were enamoured by his personal attractions. This was
the cause of his quitting Glasgow, and he presented himself be
fore-his lordship, in the hope that he might be plated in some
situation, by which he mint obtain a livelihood, without under-
going the cold, consequent on sleeping in the streets, at this
inclement period of the year..
The Lord i'Llayor.—You date your letter to me froM Bed-
ford-square. Vs did you do so ? You dont live there ?
DObie-Nae non; but I sleepit there last night,-and I thought
I might as weel direct from there.
The Lord Mayor.—You could not have Slept in any house in
Bedford-square ?
DObie.—Nae, I didn't sleep in a hoosc, but I did all as one;
I sleepit on the steps.of a house. (Laughter.):
The Lord AlavOr.—And what put it into your head to sup-
pose that you are-SO captivating to the ladies?
Dobie.—They followed me ahoot Glasgow, and took leeberties
wi' me, and I didn't leek it, so I tame awa'. (Laughter.)
The Lord Mayor.—And what do you wish me to do for you ?
Dobie.Why, I. so comfortable as I ought to be, and I
wish to be so as Mooch as I can.

The Lord Mayor.--4'm afraid you are fit for no place but
home I and must send you there.
Dobie (looking down at himself.)—Why, what's the matter
wi' me?

The Lora Mayor.—Something is the matter with your head.
Dobie, on'whose head was a large mop of dirty carrotty hair,
ran his fingers through his ringlets, and said,—My heed! ime-
thing's the matter We my heen. My heed's quite whole except
'hare, (pointing to his mouth,) and that 'll soon close up, it I
dont get something to keep it in- exercise. (Laughter.)
The Lord Mavor.—What arc you or have you been ?
Dobie.—A pedlar; but that profession's quite knockit in the
heed by the cholera morbus. (Laughter.) People think the
pedlars carry it from one place to t'other, and so we're shut
out from. profits. Noo, if I could get to sea, I'd leek it.
The Lord Mayor.—l'm afraid a person at the age of 40. is
rather too old to begin such work ; but perhaps you have been
at sea ?

Dobie.—Never but once; 'that •I went oot in a coal barge.
The Lord Mayor.—Acid how did you like it then ?

a' ; for I caue bailie as' black as auld Nick.
They told me to lee door in the cargo, and when I got up my
complexion was much altered for the worse. (Great laughter.)
Mr. Hoblen.—And do the ladiei- run after you here, as they
did in Glasgow ?
Dobie.—Exactly. I mean the fashionable ladieS of rank.
They run up to Inc and pull me about, and loft up in my face,
and if that an't tacking unproper leeberties wi' me, I dont know
what leeberty is. (Laughter.)
The Lord Mayor.—Well, you shall be taken care of here, for
a few days, my poor fellow, and then I shall send you home.
I'M sorry to say it, but the only place you are fit for is your
own country. (Laughter.)
A CANDID THIEF—ANOTHER MANSION-HOUSE COLLOQUY.—
Daniel Cording, a man about thirty years old, was charged at
the Mansion-house, with having stolen "a pair and a hair" of
boots. It was stated that the prisoner stole a pair of boots in
the city, and went over to the borough to sell them, but his own
boots were so queen that he actually took them off on London
bridge and flung them over into the water. Just as he was
lookino• for a customer, it occurred to himdlat it-would be bet-
ter for him to pull on the neW boots and return to crib another
pair. On went the new articles, and the prisoner bolted boldly
to a shop, and, after casting his eyes about, he seized upon a pair
of square-toed Wellingtons. No more than one, however, would
come away; but as he thought it better to have half than none,
he made off with his prize. The bootmaker, who had been watch-
ing for another thief; who had lately robbed him, immediately
started after the prisoner, and as the boots which he had on hap-
pened to be- both Made for the right leg, he was so cramped that
he lagged most miserably,'and was soon 'apprehended. The Lord
Mayor, "Well, prisoner, you see what it is to put on the wrong
boot?" Prisoner, "Wrong 'um, your Vorslup; blowed if they
wa'nt right 'tins." (Laughter.)—'fhe Lord Mayor,. "Did you
take them alb out of the' same shop?" Prisoner, "No, your
Yorship; I a'nt such a flat as that neither. I thought it was
quite enough to go once to the same snob."—The Lord Mayor,
'That was kind of you. How long have you been robbing?"
'Prisoner, "flow long ! Let me see; its just.,oix months since
I tuck to goods- as wa'nt my own." (Laughter.)--=The Lord
Mayor. "And have you done much in that time? " Prisoner,
"No great deal. 'the people's poor; they ha'nt got it, Poor
creturs. For my p:rit I compassionates 'cm." (Laughter.)—
The Lord Mayor, "Haveyou ever been apprehended before?"
Prisoner, "Yes, five or six times; I'm pretty well known."—
The Lord Mayor, "Have you ever been tried at the Old
Bai-
ley?" Prisoner, "No; but I hope I shall go there now; I
hayn't a friend in the whole World, and I wants to see the
world."—The Lord Mayor, " You shall certainly have my assist-
ance, for I shall commit you immediately." The prisoner was
then committed for trial.