The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-06-13 00:00:00

LOCAL NEWS.

UNIVERSITY HONOURS.—Mr. Lightfoot and Mr. Wil-
link, both belonging to this town, and educated at the Royal
Institution, were in the first class at the recent annual exa-
minations of Trinity and St. John's College, Cambridge.
The British and North American royal mail steamer the
Caledonia, which would sail from Boston on the Ist and
Halifax on the 3d instant, is expected to arrive at this port
on or before Wednesday.

Cusrroxts' ORDERS.—By a Treasury order of the 30th
ultimo, kernels of walnuts, imported for expressing oil there-
from, to be admitted to entry at the duty of ls. per ton.—
By a board's minute of the 31st ultimo, palm oil may be
shipped from any warehouse without re-weighing, except in
cases of suspicion.
We observe by the Cambridge papers, that Mr. R. P.
Davies, son of the Rev. Robert Davies, of this town, has
carried off the first prize at the annual examination, held last
week, at Corpus Christi College. Mr. Davies, we under-
stand, was educated at the Royal Institution school, under
the superintendence of Dr. Iliff.
REGISTER! REGISTER ! !—On or before the 20th day of
June, the overseers of the poor will publish notices to all
parties having the right to be placed on the County Registers,
requiring them to send in their claims on or before the 20th
of July, that their names may be put upon the lists which
will be made out upon the 31st of July. Persons having the
right to be put upon the lists of voters for boroughs must take
care that all poor rates and assessed taxes, due t,efore the (ith
of April last, are paid on or before the 20th of July next.
THE COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION.—It will be seen by an
advertisement that the delivery of prizes to the pupils iu the
schools will take place to-morrow, (Wednesday). After the
Venile has been chaunted by the scholars, the Rev. the
Senior Rector of the parish will distribute the prizes, of
which, besides a great variety of others, the principal are ten
guineas, in books given by Lord Francis Egerton, M.P., a
scholarship in the middle school, value ten guineas, given by
W. Potter, Esq., tenable for one year, and two scholarships
in the lower school, value three guineas each, given by Ed-
ward Molyneux, Esq.
RAPID TRAVELLING BETWEEN PARIS AND LIVERPOOL.
—A gentleman left Paris on the morning of Wednesday last,
at seven o'clock, and arrived in Liverpool at half-past five
on Friday morning, performing the journey in forty-six hours
and a half, after having remained in Rouen four hours, in
Havre•six, and in London four. The route was from Paris
to Rouen by railway, from Rouen to Havre by the diligence,
from thence to Brighton by the steamer Menai, from Brighton
by the railway to London, and to this town, of course, by
the railway. The expense of the journey was under £6, half
of which was expended in the fare between London and
Liverpool.

LECTURES AT TIIE COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION.—On Fri-
day evening, li. Addams, Esq., delivered his sixth lecture
on electricity, in the theatre of the Collegiate Institution, be-
fore a highly respectable, but not very numerous, audience.
The portions of the subject for the evening were, electro-
printing, electro-magnetic clocks, sounding instruments, and
flag signals and telegraphic systems for ships. Previous to
the lecture some select pieces were played with much taste
on the organ, which is a fine and effective instrument. On
the table were a variety of handsome and costly clocks in
brass and mahogany, and other apparatus for illustrations,
also representations of signal flags, &c. He began by stating
that those who had attended the last lecture would remem-
ler the electro-magnetic telegraph, containing on its face
;he alphabet, and which, when the circular permutation wheel
or table at a distance was turned to any required letter, and
the electric stream was conveyed from it to a magnet at the
back of the clock indicated the same letter to the distant ob-
server. It was necessary to have these instruments all small,
and as delicate as watch-work, otherwise the galvanic battery
would fail to move them. The instrument now before them
was of a similar nicety in construction, and was Cooke and
Wheatstone's electro-printing machine, which would not only
communicate any letter of the alphabet, but by the peculiar
disposition of printing types in the apparatus, could be made
to print words and sentences (letter by letter) by the applica-
tion of electric influence conveyed through wires to the tele-
graph at a great distance. This was done as in the electro-
magnetic telegraph, before exhibited, by merely turning the
wheel or desk of the permutation table. He explained the
construction and operation of this telegraph as it appeared in
the working model. It consisted of two pieces of clockwork
with weights attached : one clock was intended to take off
the friction, and the other to put in motion the type. Behind
this there were magnets, so made by voltaic electricity, com-
municated to them along two copper wires, and which mag-
nets by means of the momentary attraction given to them
caused a small hammer to strike on the end of any printing
type of an alphabet, so arranged, that the other end of the
type having the letter cast upon it, struck or tapped a little
roller in front as it revolved slightly at each operation—thus
making a sufficient impression on a thin sheet of paper upon
which was laid another sheet blacked with lamp-black and
oil, or any suitable substance—similar to the paper used by
manifold writers,—so that the black by the slight blow of the
type sets off upon the white sheet, and thus prints the letter;
and so on with a succession of letters forming words and
eventually sentences. When a word was completed the
operation was repeated at the next movement of the roller
but without a type, so that a space was left as in regular
printing between each word. The lines thus printed in a
communication of some length did not, however, run right
across the paper, but necessarily, from the turning of
the roller, a little sloped, though this was so slight that
a common observer would scarcely notice it, and it was
of little consequence in telegraphic communication. The
lines would, in fact, from the repeated turning of the
roller, appear of a screw-like form. The whole was worked
by a small galvanic battery. The lecturer invited any one
present to supply a short sentencee to be printed, and, no one
immediately replying, was about to print " Knowledge is
power," when a gentleman suggested ' God save the Queen,"
which Mr. A. printed, by turning the permutation circle, and
pressing a small pin to set the electricity in motion along the
wires, leaving double spaces between the words for greater
distinctness. It was printed on tissue paper, and sufficiently
distinct to be perfectly legible. Owing :to his having, by
mistake pressed the little pin or key at the letter S rather
too long, a second tap was given by the magnetic action at
the far end to that letter, so that the word save was printed
SSAVE ; but this only showed in a more gratifying man-
ner the delicacy and accuracy of the apparatus itself, and the
necessity of precision in the operator. Great applause fol
lowed this experiment. The lecturer observed that such
printing was not of course of the best, neither was it in a
straight line, and if he were asked whether it could be made
available for general purposes, his reply would be " no," for
the process was difficult and slow; but :electro-magnetic
printing might be highly useful in telegraphic communication,
as by means of it parties might send down important orders
to a distant station, even during the night, which by a person
attending to the machine, might instantly be acted upon.—
The lecturer then proceeded to show by fine working models
that a number of clocks at different places in a town could,
by electro-magnetisrn, be kept going in exact or simul-
taneous time, with one correct regulating clock. He ex-
plained the machinery used to produce this effect. There
was a face of a regulating clock, the hour hand of which he
made to go round, beating for better illustration the seconds.
Attached to this was a wheel of brass cut into teeth, with
the spaces between filled up with ivory. The wheel turned
the hand. The ivory being no conducter the stream of elec-
tricity was cut off when a spring that pressed lightly on the
rim came into contact with it; but when it again touched
one of the metallic teeth, the electric action was momentarily
renewed, and thus the hand was sent on in successive jerks.
Wires communicated with the other clocks which were filled
with magnets, and the electric current being alternately
passed along and cut off, they too moved on simultaneously.
If such a wheel, therefore, were attached to a large astrono-
mical clock, and wires communicated with other electro-
magnetic clocks, all of them would be maintained in correct
time. But there were some difficulties in reducing the
system to practice. The electricity was an uncertain element,
and if this were overcome another obstacle had to be en-
countered, for the contacts of electricity required were
numerous, and the heat generated was liable to burn
the outer part or teeth of the wheels required (as
we understood him,) so that they would have to be
frequently renewed at considerable cost. The lecturer
then exhibited a very beautiful experiment showing the ap-
plication of electricity in taking soundings at sea or in rivers.
The apparatus was the invention of a gentleman whose name
we could not distinctly catch. It was, said the lecturer, im-
portant to know the precise moment when the lead touched
the bottom, which was not always distinctly felt by the per-
son holding the lead line. The instrument consisted of a
rope, along which were passed two isolated copper wires ; at
the end was a sort of stirrup, through the bottom part of
which the lead or weight (of a heart shape) was so fixed that
it would move up and down, by means of a small rod going
through a hole in the stirrup. A piece of conducting metal
crossed the top of the rod and kept it and the lead attached
to it from falling out. When lowered in the water the lead
from its own weight hung a little under the stirrup ; but when
it touched the bottom, the stirrup moved down upon it, and
the cross piece of copper came in contact with another piece
of metal that crossed to the top of the stirrup, and the elec-
tric current being thus united by the wires, the instantaneous
effect was the ringing of a little bell, communicating with the
wires,—the galvanic battery being of course in action at the
time. The experiment was tried twice by lowering the lead
from the stage into a vessel of water on the floor below, and
as soon as it reached the bottom, a little bell at a considera-
ble distance was heard to tingle.—The lecturer then explained
Lieut. Watson's admirable system of flag signals for vessels,
which he illustrated in a very clear and pleasing manner, but
as this is generally known, we need not enter into details.
He concluded by stating that he had purposed to explain some
thermo-electric phenomena, but as the hour of closing his
remarks for the night had arrived he should notice the sub-
ject at the commencement of his next lecture, which,. we may
add, will be the last of this interesting series, and will contain
some some interesting novelties, as well as recapitulations f the
most striking facts and experiments adduced throughout the
course

INQUEST.—An inquest was held yesterday before Mr.
Curry, the borough coroner, on view of the body of Charles
Double, an infant. The parents lived in Virgil-street. On
Friday night deceased, who was a delicate child, was placed
in bed with her parents, and in the morning was found to be
dead. From the evidence of the surgeon it appeared that
death was caused by suffocation, arising from deceased liting
overlain. Verdict—" Accidental Death," accordingly.

INQuEsT.—An inquest was on Friday held before P. F.
Currie, Esq., at the coroner's office, on view of the body of
a child named Catherine Morley, who met with her death in
the following manner :—lt appeared that the parents of the
deceased, the father being a labourer named Thomas Morley,
reside in a cellar, No. 16, Dennison-street, and that, on Wed-
nesday afternoon, Mrs. Morley went out, leaving the de-
ceased and some other children in the place. During her
absence the coffee kettle had been thrown off the fire, and
the'contents had so dreadtully scalded the deceased that she
died the next day. Verdict—Accidental death.

CRUELTY TO ANIMALS.-Mr. Parry, merchant, whose
office is in North John-street, laid an information, at the
Police-court on Friday, against a lad named John Horton,
who appeared about eighteen years of age, for cruelty to two
horses which had been placed under his care, and appeared
this morning before the magistrates in support of the infdt-
mation. Mr. Parry stated, that on Wednesday morning he
observed the lad beating the horses most unmercifully, par-
ticularly over the head. The boy, in his defence, said the
horses shied at some casks in the passage, and that was the
reason he had beaten them,—He was ordered to pay twenty
shillings and costs.

ROBBING AN EMPLOYER.—A youth, named Thoma
Bolton, was brought up before Mr. Rushton yesterday, on a
charge of having robbed the office of his master, Mr. Ash-
worth, in South Castle-street. It appeared that on the
Monday previous, after he had opened the office, he took
away a seal, a pair of boots, and several other things, and
then left, leaving a note behind stating that he should be
back shortly. As he did not return, inquiry was made for
him, and it was discovered that he had pledged the seal in
Manchester for two shillings. He was next traced to Wigan,
where he was apprehended as he was about to enlist for a
soldier. Owing to the absence of the pawnbroker from
Manchester, the prisoner was remanded till this day (Tues-
day).

STEALING LEAD FROM GILL-STREET MARKET,—Thos.
Brown was examined at the Police-court, yesterday, before
Mr..Rushton, on a charge of having stolen 18Ibs. of lead, the
property of Mr. Thomas Cockbain, contractor for the execu-
tion of the plumbing at the new market in Gill-street. Mr.
John Barrett, clerk of the works, stated that, about five
o'clock on Saturday afternoon, he saw the prisoner, who
was employed on the works, come out of a vault with a sack
under his arm ; and, on asking him what it contained, he
replied, " I hope you will have mercy on me as it is the first
time I have been guilty." The sack contained the lead al-
ready mentioned; and he was thereupon placed in custody.
In defence he said, " I picked them up as they fell from the
roof, and I have been three weeks in collecting them." fie
was sent for trial at the sessions.

THE FUNDS.—SATURDAY EVENING.—SOIIIe small sales
of stock rather disturbed the firmer tendency which the En-
glish securities acquired at the first commencement of busi-
ness, and though uo absolute importance could be attached
to the operations, still the fear was expressed that the public
were sellers in connexion with the state of affairs in Ireland,
and the consequence was a re-action. Consols for the ac-
count were done at 921 and 92k, but left off 921 to i ; Three-
and-a-Half per Cents Reduced closed 100 to ; Three per
Cents Reduced, 931 to 4--; Long Annuities, 12 7-16; India
Bonds 565. premium ; Bank Stock, 1781 ; and Exchequer-
bills, 51s. to 535. premium. In the foreign market dealings
have taken a quiet range. Dutch stock was scarcely so good
as yesterday, but in other securities very little alteration
took place. The Two-and-a-halt per Cents Dutch closed
51 to 55 ; the Five per Cents, 100 to :}; Spanish Actives,
20',1 to ; the New Three per Cents, 293. to 3 ; Danish 85 to
86 ; Chilian 92 to 94 ; Brazilian, 70 to 72 ; Belgian, 102 to
103; Colombian, 23 to If; Peruvian, 16 to 18; Portuguese
converted, 41 to 1-; and Mexican, 281 to 1.

THe WEATHER.—We are extremely glad to !be able at
length to report a little improvement in the state of the wea-
ther which we have experienced for the last few weeks. On
Saturday, at noon, the clouds, which had hung over the sky
during the previous part of the day, were dispersed, and the
afternoon and evening were extremely favourable, with the
wind still very high. On Sunday morning a little rain fell,
but the afternoon was very fine and sunny, the wind being
still brisk from the north-west. Yesterday we had no rain,
and the air was warm, though the wind was easterly. We
gather from the columns of our contemporaries that the wea-
ther has been more unfavourable in other quarters than in
this immediate neighbourhood or in the south. The accounts
from Wales, Scotland, and Ireland are equally unfavourable.
All agree, however, that, though the operations of the field
have been somewhat retarded, the owing crops of corn
have not received more damage than a few days of dry warm
weather would repair. In the Principality, as may be seen
from a paragraph elsewhere, the floods have been very de-
structive ; whilst at Doncaster the traffic on the river was
suspended, and one farmer had about seventy acres of po-
tatoes covered with water to the depth of two feet, and the
hay crops were sustaining damage. At Wakefield, on Friday,
wheat advanced is. per quarter, and a great deal changed
`ands at that advance, and oats and barley were a shade
- An advance was also expected at Mark Lane yes-

ANOTHER FIRE.—On Friday evening this town had ano-
ther narrow escape from a serious conflagration. About
seven o'clock, smoke was seen to issue, by the policeman on
duty, from the windows of the cellar of one of the new ware-
houses commonly known as " Gibson's," extending from
the Piazzas at the Salthouse Dock up Salthouse-lane. The
alarm was instantly given, and, though the flames burst from
the windows of the building with apparently irresistible fury,
the devouring element was conquered without having effected
any material damage. The rooms in the upper part of these
warehouses were filled with cotton ; the basement contained
shumac and other merchandise, and at the end of the ware-
house nearest the dock was a large Quantity of sulphur. The
warehouses being free, the cellars were not vaulted, and the
windows were on a level with the footpath. It is supposed
that some person, while passing, either carelessly or wilfully
threw a lighted substance into the cellar, which communi-
cated with the sulphur, and, but for the promptitude and
efficiency of the police, and a plentiful supply of water being
at hand, the whole premises might have been destroyed, and
all the valuable property which was contained therein. As
it was, the sulphur only was consumed. The wind blew high
from the north-west; and, had the fire broken out in the
night, the most disastrous consequences might have ensued.

DEPREDATION IN THE RUINS OF JACKSON'S-LANE
WAREHOUSES.—A man and his wife, named William and
Elizabeth Kinnaird, were placed at the bar of the Police-
court, yesterday, charged by Mr. Maxwell, on the part of the
insurance offices, with having stolen a quantity of olive oil,
sugar, cotton, and peas, from the ruins of the warehouses in
Jackson's•lane, which were recently destroyed by fire. The
male prisoner had been employed for some time in bringing
up the oil from the cellar of the warehouses, and the female
was accustomed to take his breakfast to him every morning.
She was returning from the place jesterday morning, and
was crossing the area of the Exchange, when Police-con-
stable No. 514 stopped her, and, finding in her basket some
oil, suspicion was excited, so that her residence was searched.
Therein were found between four and five quarts of olive oil,
30 lbs. of raw sugar, a quantity of stained cotton, two sugar
bags, and some peas, all of which were seized, and Mr.
Maxwell said they perfectly corresponded in description and
quality with the same articles belonging to the insurance
companies among the ruins. In defence, the prisoner
said be had been working at the warehouses for Mr. Max-
well, and, until the last fortnight, he had behaved like an
honest man : he had had to work down in the cellar in all
sorts of weather, and had only three shillings per day for it,
whilst some other person, who had not half so much work,
had £2 per week, and he thought there was no harm in
taking a little of what there was in order to make up his
wages. Mr. Rushton ordered the woman to be discharged,
and told the man that he had no occasion to work for three
shillings a day unless he chose to do so. The prisoner re-
joined, that he must either work for that or starve. Mr.
Rushton reminded him, that that was no excuse for robbery.
The prisoner was then committed to take his trial at the
sessions.

THE " SANDHILLs."—The neat mansion-house near the
southern extremity of Bootle Bay, on the north shore, and
known as the " Sandhills," has, within the last few weeks,
been pulled down, and the trees, shrubberies, and gardens
by which it was pleasantly surrounded, will speedily be swept
away—the site of the estate being about to be converted, in
the first instance, into brick fields, and finally into building
land, as it may be required for the extension of the town,
which is already creeping rapidly out in that direction from
Great Howard-street, along both sides of Regent-road,
towards Bootle. The Sandhills was formerly the seat of
John Shaw Leigh, Esq., whose property it is. The ground
between the house and the sea originally was, and still (on
the west side of the high road) partly is, composed of sand-
hills, producing little more than a dry, wiry, and unprofitable
species of grass—and hence, probably, the name. The ground
on the east side of the road, and between it and the canal.
was of a better quality, but naturally far from favourable for
the growth of vegetation, and especially, from the keenness
of the sea breeze to which it was exposed, for arboriculture.
Mr. Leigh, however, took great pains to overcome this de-
fect by forcing and manuring ; and the proximity of the town
afforded considerable facilities for the improvement of the
grass lands in particular, which formed a lawn opposite the
south front of the house. He succeeded in raising a thick
belt of wood on the north of the area, adjoining the road
behind, (Rake-lane,) that runs from Regent-road to Sandhills
Bridge, (on the canal,) and continued the plantations from
each extremity of this belt southward, so as to form an
agreeable and sheltering enclosure on three sides of the
house, while clumps of trees and decorative shrubs adorned
the lawn in front. The gardens on the west side were well
protected by high walls and growing fences, which last, how-
ever, facing the sea-board, presented a somewhat brown and
scorched appearance, the effects of the frequent westerly
winds, surcharged with particles too strongly saline. These
gardens, nevertheless, became very early and productive, and
the house, being soon almost embosomed in trees,—the whole
became for many years one of those pleasing spots, amidst
the generally surrounding sterility and brick fields, upon
which the eye of the sauntering pedestrian delighted to dwell.
The face of the country near the sea just beyond it, towards
and in Bootle, as well as for miles to the northward, (even so
far as Formby,) has of late years been so much improved by
buildings, chiefly in the villa style, with pleasure grounds and
gardens—including the now extensive villages of Bootle,
Seaford], Waterloo, which occupy the formerly long
chain of barren sandhills that skirted the bay—that the con-
trast became less conspicuous, and is now scarcely percepti-
ble. There are those, however, who noticed the progress of
the Sandhills to its leafy honours who will regret the change,
which was probably dictated by a growing necessity as well
as by the increased value of the land when appropriated for
building, from the requirements connected with the new
docks, which will extend northward beyond the estate. The
site had become less desirable, too, from the proximity of
the cotton-mill, the gas-works, and the numerous foundry
and boiler-works on the south. The north shore clay is
esteemed the best in this immediate neighbourhood for
making bricks, those made from it being very hard, and well
calculated to turn moisture, though not so bright and
pleasing in colour as the bricks manufactured from
nfound further inland. It is probable, therefore, thatfaoyr
some years to come the whole area of many acres will be
o
oc-
cupied in the making and burning of them, to the no
small
discomfort of passers by. Commerce is a leveller and in-
novator as well as conquest, and all we can now hope
that when the time arrives for the building
upon it f
streets, the plan adopted will be such as will insure
wide
thoroila ugh
on.fares, neat buildings, and perfect sewerage and
ventti

AIAM min Eve.--It appears that these beautiful pie.
tures are to be removed this week from Liverpool, after
having attracted an immense number of visitors.
PHILHARMONIC.—The next philharmonic concert takes
place on Friday. A very rich selection will be made from
popular composers. We perceive that the July concert wil-
not take place in consequence of the Institution being occu-
pied by the exhibition.

SPRINGTHOHPE'S WAX WORK.—The Liver Theatre has
been crowded almost day and night with visiters to inspect
Springthorpe's Wax-work. It is about to be removed ; those
who want to see the figures must be quick. " Go, and
stand not upon the order of your going—but go at once."
PETTY THEFTS.—At the police-court, yesterday, Jane
Byrnes was committed for trial at the sessions, on a charge
of having stolen a pair of men's boots, from the shop of
Mr. nos Dix, shoemaker, in Tithebarn-street.—James La-
ren and Michael Jordan were also committed for trial for
having stolen a pair of trowsers from the shop of Mr. Peter
Murry, clothes-dealer, of Hatton-garden.