The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-11-17 00:00:00

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL.

LATEST FROM AMERICA.—ARRIVAL OF
THE CALEDONIA.
By the arrival of the Caledonia mail steamer, at seven
o'clock on Sunday morning, after a run of thirteen days
and a half from Boston, we have received American ad-
vices to the Ist instant. The news brought are not of a
very striking character. The latest from the army on the
frontiers of Mexico is from Monterey on the 6th ultimo.
The evacuation of the city by the Mexican troops had
been effected without disturbance, and the An ericans had
completely invested it. General Taylor's force there was
reported to be 5,000 men. Santa Anna, with a force of
13,000 men, was said to have reached Saltillo on the 28th
September, and at once commenced fortifying that im-
portant vosition. He was also stated to be fortifying the
lines of Rinconader, and warm work for the invading
army of the Americans was expected on the termination
of the armistice. Reinforcements were on the route to
join General Taylor. Two duels were pending at Ca-
margo between two pairs of the leading officers; and the
Indians and Rancheros under Canales were committing
serious ravages and even murders.
From the Army of the Centre a forward movement had
been made. The advance, consisting of 1.500 men, set
out for San Antonia en route toward- Chil-uahua, on the
26th September; and, on the 29th, General Wool, with
the rear brigade of 2,000 men start; d. The route of the
expedition would be along the Prendo de Rio Grade, from
which place the passes of the mountains are distant not
more than forty miles, and these could be defended by a
few resolute men against great odds. Many supposed
resistance would be made. The difficulty of obtaining
supplies, it was apprehended, would be great.
Letters from the Army of the Right had been received
up to the 11th September, dated Santa Fe. General
Kearney had made a successful tour in New Mexico ; and
numbers of the inhabitants, with many tribes of Indians,
bad come in to tender their allegiance. General Armigo
bad arrived at the town of Manzano, with only 60 men,
being all that would follow him from Santa Fe. lie states
to the Commandant-General (Ugarte) that the popula-
tion was generally in favour of the American Government,
and that the United States troops in Santa Fe, he was
certain, did not exceed three thousand, nor fall short of
twenty-five hundred. General Ugarte subsequently
marched at the head of such troops as 1 e c add find in
the department of Chihuahua, for the pu•pose of proceed-
ing to Santa Fe, followed by General A roaijo with his
sixty men as a rear guard, but while on the road, General
Armijo, who was one day's march behind General Ugarte,
sent an express to the latter to inform him that he had
learned positively, and beyond all doubt, that six thousand
Americans would appear in the presidio del Norte on the
last da; of August precisely. Whereupon General Ugarte
came to a halt.
From the Pacific squadron we have accounts of conside-
rable importance. The investment of Monterey took
place on the 7th June last; of San Francisco on the 9th.
On the 15th July, the frigate Congress arrived with Com-
modore Stockton. On the 16th, the British admiral, Sir
G. F. Seymour, arrived in the Coliingwood, SO ; and an
interchange of courtesies and assistance took place, and
on the 23d be left for the Sandwich Islands. The circum-
stance of his visit was viewed as affording an evidence that
England would not interfere to prevent the absorption of
Calitornia in the American republic. The whole coast,
from San Diego southward, had been declared to be under
blockade, on the 19th August, by Commodore Stockton,
who had assumed the title of Governor of California.
San Bias was to be made the rendezvous for prizes. Two
coasting vessels had been seized by the United States ship
Cyane, and a third had been cut out of the harbour of
Mazatlan. The late governor of the department of Cali-
fornia had massacred three Americans at Monterey, early
in July, and had afterwards retreated southward. Fremant,
the explorer, with a company of riflemen, had been de-
spatched southward, in order to intercept their route to
Mexico. The original revolution in California, it appears,
arose from Castro having attempted to dr.ve from the
country all foreigners who were not lioman Catholics.
Certain Fremant took up arms in consequence of his
baying been attacked, and joined the inhabitants in their

The advices from the Gulf of Mexico extend to the 6th
October inclusive. Affairs remained undisturbed. Alva-
rado and Tampico, it was generally anticipated, would be
immediately attacked. The Mexican schooner recently
captured had been fitted up with four forty-two pound
carronades, and was destined, it is said, to lead the attack
upon the former place. A Texan ranger, captured in
May last, bad escaped to the fleet. Fre- communication
was open with the Mexicans at Anton L'zardo. A
French brig, with a cargo of warlike si ores, had run the
blockade with success.
The accounts from the interior of Mexico inform us
that the government is involved in some straits to carry
on the war, but are assisted enthusiastically by all classes
of the population.
A decree of the 11th September, by the Mexican Go-
vernment, admits any merchant vessel forcing a blockade
to any Mexican port free of tonnage duty, and receives
the cargo at three-quarters the importation duties.
The Spanish Government had issued a decree forbidding
the granting of any Mexican letters-of-marque in the is-
land of Cuba or its deperdencies.
The neutrality of Yucatan had been rut a stop to.
The political and domestic affairs of the Union are un-
important.
Winter was rapidly setting in. Snow had fallen both
north and south.
The Hon. Henery S. Fox, late British Ambassador at
'Washington, died in that city on the 14th of October.
We have accounts of further disasters from the Havana
hurricane. The United States Brig of War, Perry, bound
for Charleston, was lost on a reef at Key West, comman-
der and crew saved. An immense fleet of other vessels
met the same fate on these reefs. Key West and Sand
Key lighthouses were vraabed down ; and the town of
Sand Key itself has almost disappeared, not more than
six out of six hundred houses having escaped injury.
Most of them are unroofed or blown down; and the
streets are tilled with rubbish, and the whaves, &c. swept
away. A great many persons were drowned or killed by
the falling of buildings.
Accounts from Venezuela and from Carraccas announce
the occurrence of revolutions in both those states.
Snow had fallen at Quebec.
The advanced price of colonial staples in this country
had given a great impetus to the produce trade. Vessels
were .scarce, and freights were higher.
MONEY MARKET.
Since the date of our last is-ue the steamer of the 4th
October, from Liverpool, has brought us most.important
commercial intelligence from England and Europe gene-
rally. The effect of these advices upon our produce mar-
ket was very similar to that produced by accounts of the
same character which reached us on the Ist of November,
1815. Flour immediately rose to $6,25 per barrel for good
brands of Genesee, Troy, and Ohio and Michigan, and
fair descriptions of Wheat were sold at from $1,2.5 to
41.33 per bushel. In Butter, Cheese, Lard, and Pork
there were also considerable advances, but not so great as
this in Flour and Grain. But as usual in the United
States, and particularly in our market, the furor was as
brief in duration as it had been violent, and the price of
Flour began to decline from this high mark within the
next twenty-four hours.
Thus far the commercial community has experienced
but little embarrassment from the long continued move-
ment of government funds in one direction. Money is
easily obtained from the banks at the customary rate of
6 per cent., and the prices of stocks are an evidence of the
slight fluctuation in the money value of property.
The quotations for the principal stocks sold at our Ex-
change boards will scarcely show a variation of one per
cent. for the last two weeks. United States Sixes and
Fives have declined within a few days perhaps about 1 per
cent. Pennsylvania Fives have risen perhaps one per
cent. in all, and are now quoted at 671 for cash. Railroad
shares have generally experienced a slight improvement,
and nearly all these concerns in the United States are
doing a most profitable business this year.

COTTON.
Previous to the arrival of the Caledonia, the market
became languid, and sales were very limited, and previocs
rates with great difficulty maintained. On the receipt of
the news, sales became more active with an advance
of kd. during the past week. This week, the advent of
frosty weather, which leaves no doubt of its having ex-
tended over the cotton region, and arrested the further
growth of the plant, has had the effect of stiffening the
market, which has advanced another Id., making the
whole advance since the arrival of the Caledonia equal to
4d. a cent per lb.