The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-09-19 00:00:00

reason

The town of Ipswich was visited on Sunday afternoon
by a thunder storm of unusual violence. The rain de-
scended in torrents; and after a short interval the water
rushed through the streets like a river. The congregation
of St. Peter's Church were detained in the Church for an
hour, as the streets were impassable ; and then were only
able to escape by placing planks across the road nrld form-
ing a temporary bridge. The Key Church and St. Ni—
cholas Church were so flooded that there was no afternoon
service. Many of the inhabitants have sustained conside-
rable damage.

MISHAPS OF TOWN COUNCILLORS.—When the Mayor
and Corporation of Devenport were proceeding in separate
boats, to present their address to her Majesty, on her ar-
rival off Plymouth, their boats became separated, and
some delay occurred in making their way to the royal
yaoht.—Another Western Mnyor (Truro, we believe,)
was capsized, and half drowned ; of course he could not
appear in the royal presence.—The corpora
Falmouth also got separated while on th
yacht, and the address of the inhabitants cool
presented by the deputation of
charged with it. When t
was presented to her Majest
explained to the Queen that he was a Quaker ; upon which
her Majesty smiled, and said, " Oh, I know," as inti-
mating her acquaintance with this peculiarity. Her Ma-
jesty then turned to Prince Albert, and, smilingly, spoke
to him of the Quakers, of their dress and peculiar
customs.

av to t

corporation who were

.foseph Fox, Esq.),

he kept his hat on

POSTOFFICE NOTICE.---The following notice has been
izsued by command of the Postmaster-General :—" Her
Majesty's Government having deeided that Southampton
shall be made the port of arrival and departure for the
Peninsular, Mediterranean, Oriental, and West India
mails, instead of Falmouth, the following are the arrange-
ments which have been sanctioned, and which will come
into operation on and from the 18th instant, on which day
the next packet for the West Indies will be dispatched
from Southampton. The respective mails to be forwarded
by the packets from Southampton 41 be made up in
London, and transmitted from London to Southampton
by the morning instead of the evening mails, as at pre-
sent, upon the undermentioned day's :—Peninsular mails,
namely Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, every
Thursday. Mediterranean, namely, Malta, Greece, and
thedmaoy
nI
toh
nearestn i o r
est it e I Islands,lndies
d tti
ehh
IEI, se
ytp of2t
dt
ah
andne d m
17thnndt a
of
hfd e t t
hh ee Ist
mTo hof
nu
tr
thethe.
The Brazilian packet will continue to be despatched from
Falmouth as at present. Letters to and from the Medi-
terranean and the East Indies, &c., intended to be for-
warded by the direct packet, instead of v 1 Marseilles,
should henceforward be addressed vid Southampton."
* When the Ist of the month falls on a Sunday, the
Mediterranean and East India mails will be made up.in
London and despatched on the previous morning.
t When the 2d on 17th of the month falls
on a Sun-
day, the West India mail will be made up and despatched

Eiteraturr.

POETRY

SONGS OF

Will quail in t

Though th
Now rai:

When repale we I

For Eri❑ and heed

" The ga'

Iper that t

ie Gate
—Ertr,

LARI'

swayed,

re is nothing we'll want,

eed 1 g

KNOTTY POINTS

email at Az

3ut, what a paradox see

Twas justly ordered
Who watch Nott's

That he wh,

When N

mph was his
ist the Door.

e question is

lahmoud's Tomb

HINTS FOR PEDESTRIANS, PRACTICAL

(From an unpubli.she

Bathiz

&c., C9ll
River, la

D MEDICAL

Manuscript

Liverpoo

BY MEDIC US

so often

y a Physician of

•eeable recreation

to by pedes

luxury it presents t

illy be one

;e the cool bath

e kind refresher of the summer heats.'

the es

!ssive perspiration;
to muscular exer-

32,- the cool bath.
To produce thesE

ht to I

ken frequently, not to be conti

It likewis€

adult; take

ThOm the

leurnatic pains,

tage of a

ercise of swim-

in this bath, and operates beneficially,
1 loss to the economy occasioned by the

hich t

swimmer is im-

ging influences of the

supplementary observations

le of effecting the oh-

L ; and we wind
aluable work of

up our prolonged quotations from the
Davis:

of blueish

an is to

Dr greyish masses forming the horizon and
Arautt's Elements of Physic, Vol. 11. Part I.
)nginan, Rees, & Co., London. /829.

Electricity Sho'ck Direct and Indirect.—ln order to
certify the reader as to the double source of danger in a
thunder-storm,—which is, in fact, an electric discharge
between clouds oppositely electred, accompanied with
the usual phenomena of flash and sound, only operated
on a grand and terrific scale,—we shall premise that all

bodies are possessed of electricity, and that the spark
and noise are not the solitary indications of a disturbance
of that fluid in a body, or of its restoration to its equili-
- The shock felt kr any body, animate or
electrical condition has been dis-
turbed and recomposed, is generally considered to be the
direct effect of restoring the balance between positive
(vitreous of French philosophers) and negative (resinous
of French) electric states : but it may be also caused in
a manner indirect and circuitously, in technical words
by induction.

when i

- In order to show hew this occurs, we shall translate a
e hint?— passage from a first-rate work on physic, embracing
epale,
int." electricity, in French, by M. Pouillet, wherein the author
details an experiment quite conclusive on the point, and
which illustrates the principles by a practical example,
and can be repeated by any one who chooses so to do at
rW. Nott is to their leisure.

M. Pouillet, speaking• of bodics electrified by induc-
tion, returning to their original state as soon as the influence
ceases, remarks that this may occur in two ways, instan-
taneously or gradually : in either case the recomposition
of the two electric fluids takes place correspondingly.
" In these phenomena," M. Pouillet proceeds, "neither
one nor other of the fluids issues from the mass which
receives the electric influence, but they both experience
a change of place throughout the extent of the mass, as
well when they separate as when they reunite ; and
these rapid electrical motions produce in the ponderable
particles of matter very remarkable mechanical disturb-
ances or chemical effects.

For example, a frog, prepared and arranged as shown
in the adjoining figure,f appears to experience no effect
when the machine is turned slowly, which charges the
conductor with vitreous (positive) electricity; neverthe-
less its natural electricity is disturbed by induction, the
resinous (n

gative) is excited in that part of the frog
corresponding to the conduct, r (head), whilst the vitreous
(positive) is repelled into the ground by the wire ; and,

a. spark is drawn from the conductor, the

sudden recompcsition of
presses upon its whole body

e electricities in the frog im-
sort of convulsion, which

makes it leap a; if it sprung up by a voluntary motion ;
sty iking proof, that, in the return to the natural state, the
particles of bodies are thrown into agitation by the elec-

trical fluids in their effort to re-unitel
A disturbance of this kind is called the return shock.
The experiment would not be attended with success upon
a frog after it has been dead five or six hours ; but it
would succeed very well with a frog just decapitated and
skinned, and better still with a living frog just out of the
water.

In connexion with a powerful machine, a man who
is in communication with the ground: undergoes similar

Phis may be tried with a conductor-on a grand
scale : two persons placed at the two extremities of this
conductor do not experience sensible effects whilst the
charge is made ; but if one of them approaches sufficiently
near the conductor to draw sparks, the other experiences,
at the moment, all the violence of the return shock,
is without the appearance of any trace of electricity or light
impurities, I
between him and the conductor
the heats of

In studying the effects of thunder, we shall see that
a storm cloud may act in an analogous manner, and strike
at one and the same time, by the direct and by the return

The interruption to the transmission of electricity
from the earth and bodies on its surface, to the clouds,
when the latter fly high, and the air itself is dry and in-
sulating, i.e. non-conducting, along with other favoura-
ble meteorological conditions, as to temperature pres-
sure, &c. ; is supposed to account for that buoyant ex-
altation of the common feeling, called by the Germans
gemeingefiikl: the opposite atmospheric conditions, of
course then, will account for the opposite feelings of
languor and depression, by the loss of electricity our bo-

ies sustain (using a common term) through the im-

proved conducting media of moist water air, near clouds,
&c.: this state of depressed animal energy is subject of
notoriety --not only amongst ourselves as human beings,
but also among all classes of the animal creation. In
some nervous temperaments, z. e. where irritability and
sensibility of the tody are not counterpoised by the equal
developments of the muscular and circulating systems,
the sensations during a thunder storm are exquisitely
distressing, quite apart from the moral condition such as
alarm—those whose legs have been fractured or hurt it
may be years ago —who may have old gun-shot wounds,
&c., find these places, become painful ; all this may be
owing to electrical changes in ourselves andbodies around:

the strength of body aiid animal spirits return after the
thunder has " cleared the air," as people say—or as we
should rather say, after the air has cleared itself of the
thunder cloud, which return shows the depression to
have been independent of muscular exertion.
Shoes and Boots.—With reference to the plan of wear-
ing cork soles, which we omitted to speak about, we
have lately seen a new plan of inserting the cork sole;
which certainly to our mind obviates many of the objec-
+;,-,.. +l,„
stitching of the upper leather is prevented by a series of
double stitching, which renders the upper leather more
secure than before, whilst guarding against the possi-
bility of wet getting to the foot. The lightness and
effectual resistance to wet seems to recommend this plan
I` 1 f• • •

iicav) ieutner sotes, tor those who have
much walking in all weathers. We shall try the plan
for some time, and hereafter, if the work should attain
to the honour of a second edition, we can give the result
of the trial fairly. A boot-maker of the name of Russell,
Duke-street, Liverpool, is the party to whom we allude
as having drawn our attention to his " improved cork
' "

With regard to the wear of woollen socks—especially
when the soft fine lamb's wool is used, as in the before
alluded to, midge pattern—the method of washing them
requires care in order to prevent them felting, or " run-
-- " so as to become inconveniently small; thebest
-1.01 bef - "oiled, a-

aave them washe. _fore deeply soiled, so as
that they can be rapidly washed in hot water, and
immediately put upon awooden stretcher to dry gradually ;
by this means they will keep their shape and elasticity.

Instructions to Bathers.—" With respect to the man-
ner of hath:ng, the most important point is to moderate
the shock to the nervous and the delicate. This, as a
general rule, is best done by a sudden immersion of the
whole body. The uneasy feelings are much augmented
by the practice, adopted by the timid, of gradually per-
mitting the water to ascend higher and higher until the
whole body is immersed. A little fortitude is necessary
to take the first plunge, but after this little or no incon-
venience is g nerally felt by repeating it. The time
best adapted for bathing demands also a passing com-
ment. By common consent, early in the morning, before
breakfast, is preferred ; and it is considered to be impro-
per whilst digestion is going on, or at least doting the
lrlv stages. Th rocess of d •

p digestion occasions a con-
centration of the vital activity on the stomach, and this
is morbidly modified by any cause that acts powerfully
on the nervous system, or interferes with the general
vascular and nervous action, as bathing certainly does.
But although before breakfast is the best, it is not the
only time for bathing. Under similar circumstances it
may be advantageously had recourse to whenever diges-
tion is completed, or considerably advanced. The best
general rules for guidance, as to the use of the cold bath
especially, when performed at seasonable times, are not
to employ it when the individual is cool or chilly, or when
the heat is undergoing resolution by the establishment
of perspiration, which is a cooling process."—Dr. Dung-
linson's Elements of Hygiene. Philadelphia, 1835.
(P. 417.) '
Let even a coward, at entering the water, but believe
the fact, that "the human body, in an ordinary healthy
state, with the chest full of air, is lighter than water;"
and, as Dr. Aruott justly observes, " it would lead to the
saving of more lives, zn cases of shipwreck and in other
accidents, than all the mechanical life preservers which
man's ingenuity will ever contrive."

By I;iding in a full inspiration the body "naturally
floats, with a bulk of about half the head above the water,
having no more tendency to sink than a log of fir. That
the person may live and breathe, then, it is only neces-
sary to exert volition, so as to render the face the part
which remains uppermost."—Vol. I. EL. Phys. p. 290.

We condense these remarks which we would f;in en-
large upon fully, into the three following golden cautions.
If you are no swimmer, and are in danger of drowning,
as you think, under any circumstances—you are safe, if
you mind to
Float on your back immediately.

Keep your chest full of air-land keep your hands in
the water.

Do not plunge or struggle.
Thus your face will be always out of the water, and
you can breathe as ordinary. Never let your mind get
flurried, for you are safe if you are collected, and doing
the easiest thing in the world—floating, as we say.
A Hint for those who can swim about saving those who
cannot swim from drowning.—A swimmer who may at-
tempt to save the life of a person floating in the water,
by bringing him to shore, must avoid getting within
such struggling person's reach, or he will in all proba-
bility lose his own life in the attempt rashly to save that
of another. Let him remember, then, to avoid the
death-grasp, as it is called, of the drowning; for it can
seldom be quitted when once fastened, and both go down
inevitably ! The way is, to swim round till their plung-
ing slackens, and they rise to the surface of the water
generally for the last time, when you must go behind

* Elements de Physique et de Meteorologie. 3rd Edit. Vol. I.
Paris : Bechet. :837. (P. 401.)

t Since we cannot insert the drawing, we will explain it as
we can. A frog is suspended by a wire near to the knob of the
conductor of an electrifying machine, so as to be in a condition
for being subjected to electrical disturbance. Let us add, since
we cannot introduce the original drawing and figures explaria.
tory, that the frog is suspenried4 the led tit matters not whe.
ther by arms, head, or feet, but let us assume by the feet) with
head towards conductor.

t i.e., not insulated,