The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-11-14 00:00:00

AMERICA.

GOVERNMENT INSPECTION OF THE LIVER-
POOL AND BURY RAILWAY.

Yesterday, and Saturday, the Government Inspector,
Captain Wynne, went over the works of this line of
railway, for the purpose of examining the line previous to
its being taken from the contractor, and opened by the
Company. He was accompanied. on both occasions, by
the Contractor, Mr. William M'Cormick, the Consult-
ing Engineer of the Company, Mr. James Thomson, of
London, the Acting Engineer, Mr. William Thomson,
and Mr. John Hawkshaw, Consulting Engineer to the
Lancashire and Yorkshire Company ; and we are happy
to be able to announce to the public, that not only have
the Works been approved of by Captain Wynne, but he
has been pleased to express his unqualified satisfaction at
the excellent manner in which the contractor has exe-
cuted his work. . _

This line-ivl;s commenced in the month of January,
1846, and consequently it has been completed in less than
three years, notwithstanding that it was considerably
retarded by the railway panic of '47. The full length of
the line is 34 miles, passing through Wigan and Bolton,
which are the leading towns on the line. The number of
stations on the line are sixteen, viz.,—Liverpool, Bootle-
lane, Prescot-road, Simon's-wood, Kirby, Rainford, Pim-
bor-lane, Farmoor, Upholland, Wigan, Hindley, West
Houghton, Bolton, Darcy Lever, Bradley-fold, Black-
lane, and Bury. The entire cost of the line, including
the purchase of land, has been, we understand, about
£900,000. At Bury this line joins the Leeds and Man-
chester line, from which it will derive a great deal of
traffic : indeed we believe it is intended to run the trains
from Leeds to Liverpool direct through on this line,
thereby saving considerable time, and, consequently, con-
siderable expense. The chief traffic will be coal, cotton,
manufactured goods, and passengers. A great portion of
the Yorkshire trade will come on this road ; and not as
heretofore via Manchester.

Starting from Liverpool the most important feature
which attracts the attention of the visitor is the intended
connexion between this line and the new North Docks,
from which source much of its traffic will be derived.
At this point there is a draw-bridge provided, in case it
should be requisite to build any docks east of the present
Stanley Dock, and a little further on there is a depot for
goods, c4rriages, &c. The viaduct from the North Shore
into Oldhall-street is one of the finest pieces of masonry
which is to be met with anywhere. The brickwork of
this, we should observe, has been constructed by Messrs.
S. and J. Holme, in conjunction with Mr. M'Cormack,
who, except as regards this piece of work, has been the
sole contractor for the rest of the line. This viaduct is
about a mile and a quarter long, and it consists of 118
arches, of brick and cement. On each side of the road
there is a strong parapet wall, coped with semicircular
blocks of sandstone. When completed, however, this
viaduct will be extended from the present temporary
station in Oldhall-street, to the intended one in Tithe-
barn-street, close to the Exchange. Shortly after you
pass the viaduct a fine segmental trussed wooden bridge,
the span of which is 65 feet, crosses the Leeds and Liver-
pool canal. This bridge, which is of novel construction,
is one of the strongest and safest railway bridges which
we have seen. The girder is composed of several pieces
of timber, bolted together, the timber ends being so
" broken" that the whole forms one piece ; this
then is " cambered " up and trussed to a high
segment, which being well secured at the abutments, is
rendered so strong that it is impossible it can give way.
From this we proceed to Walton, where there is a tunnel
1300 yards in length, cut through the red sand stone
formation. The height of this tunnel is twenty feet from
the rails to the crown of the arch, and it is exceedingly
dry, level, and clean. Some of the gentlemen, who,
yesterday, passed over the line, pronounced this to be one
of the finest tunnels in England. At both ends of this
tunnel there are some heavy excavations, chiefly clay and
sandstone rock. One of them is at least fifty feet deep.
Passing this we come to a handsome stone bridge, which
crosses the river Alt. This is a single arch, span forty
feet ; the elevation forty-five feet, and it must have been
a work of no ordinary difficulty to get foundations in
ground so soft. The next work of importance is the
crossing of Lord Derby's Moss, at Rainford. This must
have been a work of great magnitude. The moss is two
miles long, and so soft that it was only at the depth of
twenty-six feet that the clay formation was found. In
the construction of the line here every engineering diffi-
culty fias been overcome, and the line is as firm, and the
run over it as smooth, as in any other portion of the
work. We may state, en passant, that we never travelled
on any line where that great desideratum—easy and com-
fortable travelling—has been so nearly attained as on the
Liverpool and Bury. On this moss the drainage and
ballasting is so good that when tried with a very heavy
engine and train, the deflection was imperceptible. The
mode of operation upon it was to construct what are
called " herring-bone ' drains, with tar barrels across it,
and to weight these with shale from the coal beds. When
we reached this point the inspector had the train passed
over it twice, and he felt quite satisfied that whatever
difficulties lay in the way of making a good road over this
point of the line they had been overcome by the talent and
energy of Mr. M'Cormick. From the moss to the next
point of attraction—Billinge Tunnel—is about four and a
half miles, which is principally cuttings. The Billinge
Tunnel is 960 yards long, and it is cut through coal
measures and rock; and from the quantity of water
which came into it, much difficulty must have been sur-
mounted before it could be reduced to its present dry and
clean state. At Pemberton there is an embankment of
two miles long, and about forty-eight feet in elevation,
at its highest point. The weight of the clay deposited
here, acting upon the soft ground in the vicinity of the
river Douglas, caused the adjacent land to rise on
each side of the line at least three feet. Here the
line passes through a piece of land which once served
the renowned Oliver Cromwell for an encampment
during the period of the civil wars, the Epaulments and
Abatis of which can still be distinctly traced. From this
to the turnpike road at Wigan there is a lengthened curve
which terminates at the Wigan viaduct. This viaduct is
constructed of timber and iron. There are 45 "bays,"each
30 feet span, resting on solid ashlar blocks of masonry.
At the turnpike road there is a tubular girder bridge,
of 65 feet span, which crosses the road ; and at the cross-
ing of the Leeds and Liverpool canal there is also a bridge
similarly constructed. These bridges and the viathict are
excellently finished, and reflect great credit on both the
engineer and constructor. On trial there was no deflec-
tion from the straight line, with an engine of 50 tons
stroke. The next work f great difficulty is a bridge
which passes under the North Union line at this point.
It is certainly one of the neatest and most tastefully de-
signed and executed pieces of masonry which we have
seen. The bridge is askew, and is composed of five dif-
ferent arches, laid quite close together, and each of which
is capable of bearing 200 tons weight. The peculiarity of
the bridge is that each of these arches bears the weight of
a train passing over its apex. We next reached the bridge
passing under the " Wall-gate" of Wigan, which is com-
posed of cast-iron girders with segmental arches, similar
to those at Mostyn on the Chester and Holyhead line.
This brings us to the town of Wigan, where there is to be
an extensive station and adequate warehouses. From this
we passed over several bridges of very neat design to
Springs Branch' Viaduct, which is also constructed of
timber. The piles for this work average 45 feet in length,
and are driven at least 20 feet into the earth ; but in other
respects it is similar to the Wigan Viaduct.
The next point worthy of notice is a high embankment
near to Hindley, of a mile and a quarter long, from which
we entered a weighty clay cutting averaging thirty feet
deep. At Hindley mill, there is a double-arch bridge,
in a forty-five feet embankment, over the mill stream.
From this point to the Bolton and Preston rail-
way, is a cutting of stiff hard clay, averaging about twenty
feet in depth. The length of the cutting is four miles.
Here we joined the Bolton and Preston line, and ran on
it to Bolton. And it may be remarked as one of the
features of the line, that formerly a passenger could not
reach Bolton from Wigan in less than two hours; whereas by
this line the journey from Wigan to Bolton will be per-
' formed in 15 minutes. Leaving Bolton, the line passes
over a segmental cast iron girder bridge, and runs on to
the Bolton Viaduct, which is constructed of wrought iron
latice work, on the same plan as that which was designed
by Sir John Macneil for the Dublin and Drogheda Rail-
way. This viaduct, which is 700 feet long, cannot, we are
certain, be equalled in England for beauty and durability.
At Darcy Lever there is one of similar design. The
height of the piers of this portion of the work averages
120 feet. From this point the valley of Darcy Lever is
seen to great advantage, and in our opinion it is the best
view on the line. From this to the viaduct at Bury is
one continuous line of very heavy cutting, if we except a
most stupendous embankment which is close to the yip-
duct. This viaduct, which crosses the river Irwell, is an
excellent piece of engineering. It is composed of five
kshlar arches of 72 feet span, and than which there is not
a finer piece of masonry in England. Passing over this a
junction with the East Lancashire line is formed, from
which point the traveller may proceed to the Rochdale
Station, and from thence to any part of the west of Eng-
land,—thus doing away with the necessity u-Lich now ex-
ists of changing carriages at the Manchester station, when
the train is intended for Leeds or any other towns in that
part of Yorkshire. At Bury there will be an extensive
station. which of course forms one of the termini of the
line. We should mention that the rails are all laid down
on Sir John Macneill's plan, which secures them from
the possibility of getting out of guage.
This line will, we understand be open for traffic on
Monday, and, considering that it is a new line it is cer-
tainly one of the best which we have been on—indeed, so
well and so carefully have the works been executed, that
in passing over it we sometimes imagined that it had been
in operation for years. There was no jolting, no giving
way of banks, nor any other obstruction which would in-
dicate haste, want of skill, or niggardliness on the part of
the contractor ; and, as it will form one of, the most im-
portant links in our railway communication with the West
of England, we doubt not but that the enterprise of the
shareholders will be rewarded with an ample dividend.

ROBBERY FROM THE PERSON.—Yesterday, at the
Police-court, a young woman, named Mary Welsh, was
charged by John Robinson, of Prescot, with having, on
the evening of Saturday, the 11th instant, robbed him, in
an eating-house near St. George's Church, of a sum of
about £5, in gold and silver, and which he had put into a
purse. He pursued her and had her placed in custody.
Upon her were found two sovereigns, a half-sovereign,
and £3 6s. 6d. in silver. She said at the time that she
had received the money from her husband, who lived in
Tenterden-street. Enquiry had been made, and the house
mentioned by her was found to be uninhabited. She was
committed for trial at the sessions.

PRIME RED BANK OYSTERS.—We cannot refrain from
commending the quality and flavour of the oysters at the
new establishment of Mr. Bindon, in Castle-street. They
are, we can avouch, truly delicious, and entirely free from
the coppery or metallic taste of even what are termed
" natives," being fed in a peculiar and novel manner.
They are the .` Red Bank " oysters from the sister island,
and are considered by amateurs to be a new and valuable
discovery and variety of the most digestible and nourishing
species of shell-fish.

The royal mail steam-ship Britannia, Capt. Lang,
reached Liverpool on Saturday, and by her we are in re-
ceipt of advices from New York to the 25th, and Halifax
to the 29th ult.

The length of the passage is owing to strong easterly
winds, which continued without intermission during the
whole voyage. Between New York and Halifax the Bri-
tannia encountered violent gales, with a heavy head sea,
which prolonged the run between those ports fully 34 hours
beyond the usual time. The Europa, Captain Lott, ar-
rived at Halifax on the 22nd ult., in 8 days ; and at New
York on the 25th ult., at 2 o'clock p.m., in 11 days from
Liverpool. The United States steam-ship had arrived
out. The steam-ship Forth arrived at New Orleans on
the 23rd ult.

The royal mail steam-ship Niagara, Capt. Ryrie, which
left Boston on the Ist inst., came up the river last night,
about ten o'clock.

. The steam-propeller, Sarah Sands, arrived at New York
on the 28th ult., in sixteen days and a-half. The steam-
ship Europa arrived at New York on the 25th ult., having
made the shortest trip from Liverpool to New York on
record, being an hour or two less than eleven days, inclu-
ding the stay at Halifax.
The barque Carmelite, of Bangor, from Fayal for Bos-
ton, was wrecked in a hurricane on the 20th Sept. The
captain; two mates, five seamen, and four passengers,
were saved ; nine passengers, (three of them females,) and
one seaman, were drowned.

A contract has been signed for the conveyance of a
monthly mail across the Isthmus, from Chagres to Panama,
and thence by steam-ship to California and Oregon.
Advices from Venezuela to the 19th September state
that President Monagas had re-issued the decree of May
11, declaring Maracaibo in a state of blockade. Paez was
endeavouring to raise a contribution among his followers,
but failed.

The Indians have again been committing depredations
in Texas, but in most cases they were defeated.
Despatches from Campeachy state that the Indians, to
the number of 10,000, attacked Taxcaba again, and com-
pelled the whites to fall back upon Saluta. The latter
lost 200 men. Acosta was araong the killed.
The United States troops heve formally evacuated the
state Chihuhua.

The news from Mexico represents the country as being
on the verge of a great crisis.
It appears that a pronunciamento has been issued in Tam-
pico, proclaiming not only the independence of that state,
bnt its annexation to the United States. Santa Anna's
return was expected at the head of a great army, and a
terrible state of anarchy was expected. The New York
Morning Herald,—" If Tampico succeed in carrying out
her designs of independence, her example will be followed
by other states of the republic, and in a few years the
whole country will be begging to be annexed to the
United States. It may possibly be, that the question of
annexing the whole of Mexico will be the great issue in
the Presidential election of the year 1852."
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTlON.—According to all appear-
ances, there is every probability that the coming election
will be one of the closest and most hotly contested, if not
the most so,:of any that has ever taken place in that coun-
try. The most important of the preliminary elections
that have taken place, are those of Pennsylvania and
Ohio, the returns of which, next month, will, no doubt,
settle the question of the Presidency. We are in the dark
as yet, and we shall remain so until the end of November.
Money was easier at New York. The extreme rate of
interest on first-class mercantile paper was ten per cent.
per annum. Foreign exchange was in limited demand,
with a fair supply of bills on the market. Bankers asking
1081 to 1081 for sterling. Good commercial bills, drawn
against produce were to be had at 108. Nothing doing
in Exchange on Paris.

NEW YORK, OCTOBER 30, P.M.
FLouit, &c.—Our Market for Western Flour opened with
more buoyancy, and a good degree of activity; the demand
being principally for the home trade, the enquiry for export is
limited.—There was but little done on 'Change, the market
closing without animation. The sales for the day reach
7000 bbls. at 85 182 to 35 25 for mixed Western and com-
mon State; 85 25 to .85 31} for straight brands of both ;
85 31i to .85 37* for favourite Wisconsin and good New Or-
leans ; 37} to $5 44 for pure Genesee ;45 62i to 85 871 for
fancy ; and .86 to 86 50 for extra. Of the above sales about 2,509
bbls. were for export ; 500 bbls. City Mills at 85 25, and 900 bbls.
New Orleans on private terms. Southern is dull at 45 50 to
85 62i. Rye Flour is steady with sales 400 bbls. at .83 50 to
£3 sif. Corn Meal is without change, with sales of 250 bbls.
at 83 31i to .83 37i, the latter price for the premium Meal.
GRAlN.—Wheat continues heavy and depressed, particularly
the low grades. Genesee is in moderate supply and held firmly
at 41 26 8127, with buyers at 3.1 25 ;of Western the sales are
2500 bushels good Ohio at 81 10 ; 2500 do. do. on private terms;
1800 bushels common Chicago at 81 02, and a small lot of South-
ern on terms not made known, closing heavy. Rye is inactive
at 67 cents. Oats are rather firmer at 33 to 34 cents. Barley is
lower, with sales of 6000 bushels good two and four rowed at
69 to 70c. Corn is less buoyant, particularly the low grades ;
the sales are ouly 30,000 bushels at 65c. for weevily Southern;
67 to 68c. for Western mixed ; 71c. for round white ; and 72 to
73c. for Jersey, Pennsylvania and Northern yellow closing dull.
IPROVISIONS.—There is less doing in Ohio Pork ; the market
is still rather unsettled. We quote mess inactive and nominal
at .512 621 to 812 75. In prime 109 bbls. are reportedat £8 6211
it is, however' held at £8 75. Beef is dull at £9 50 to 810 for
mess, and 35 to £5 50 for prime. Beef hams are selling in
small lots at 812. Lard is very quiet, 100 bbls. prime sold at
7i cts. Slaughtered hogs command 5g to 6c. ; 300 sold to be
delivered before the close of navigation, at 6c. per lb. Butter
and cheese are dull of sale, and the market droops.
WHISKEY.—The market is heavy; 100 bbls. prison and 75
hhds drudge sold at 24c., time and interest.
NEW YORK COTTON MARKET, NOEVEMBERIST.—For the
week closing on Tuesday, the 24th instant, the sales were 8,000
bales, and as the market was amply supplied throughout, buyers
had daily the advantage. A considerable portion of these
sales, however, as well as those of the week just closed, were
of parcels to be taken from the wharf by southern samples,
free of expense to sellers, and us the classification was not
usually so high, as that adopted by the trade, the quotation of
ouch aaica exhibited iii periods a greater nominal decline than
in fact existed. On Saturday, the sales reached 1,200 bales,
with less samples, on sales, and as a consequence better prices
were paid for desirable parcels. The sales yesterday were 900
bales, with a steady market.
The closing quotations in this market were as annexed :
LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION. _

•
N. Orleans,
Mobile, 4.
Uplands Florida Texas.
Inferior
Ordinary 5+ to 54 5+ to 5+ 54 to 5+
Middling 54 to 54 54 to 54 54 to 6
Good Middling 6to 6+ 6to 6+ 6+ to 61
Middling Fair 64 to 64 64 to 61 6+ to 64
Fair 64 to 6+ 6+ to 64 64 to 7
Fully Fair 6+ to 6+ none. none.
Good Fair 7 to 74 none. none.
Fine nominal. none. none.
The Sumter, Ala., Whig, says that the cotton crOP
of the lower part of Sumter and Choctaw counties is turning
out much better than was expected, and expresses the opinion
that, owing to the fine weather, the crop throughout all Smith
Alabama will be much larger thanlast year.—New York Sun,
November 1. _

FREIGHTS.—Rates were rather slack to European ports.
Flour for Liverpool was engaged in a British vessel at 2s ; 111
American ships 2s. 6d. was asked, but 1000 bbls were engaged
at 2s. 3d. ; corn was worth 7d. in bags, to 7jd. in bulk to Bd-
asked; beef was taken at 4s. and heavy goods at 308. To
London. cheese was taken at 30s.

BALTIMORE, Oct, 20.
The market for flour is scarcely so firm as Saturday, and to
effect sales to any extent, holders have to submit to a decline-
Howard-street we quote at .8'5,182, and City Mills .5,25; prime
white wheat is selling in a small way at 1,12 to 41,15 and red
1,08 to $1,09; sales 15,000 bushels Corn at 60c. for white, and
67c. for yellow. Whiskey is quoted at 25ic. _ _

. . -BUFFALO, Oct. 30.
Receipts since Saturday—Flour 33,000 bbls., wheat 99,000
bushels, corn 48,000 do. Flour was dull at 454 and fit 4 %.
Wheat was held at 85 and 87 cents, and corn at 45 cents. No
sales of either were reported. Freights were improving. We
quote flour to Albany at 8/ and 89 cents, wheat at 22, and corn
at 20 cents.

ALBANY, Oct. 30.
Receipts since Saturday—Flour 15,600 bbls., wheat 14,800
bushels, corn 29,400 do., barley 56,000 do. Of barley we notice
sales of 15,000 bushels, at 64 to 66k, and sales of 6000 bushels
oats at 33 cents.

HAVANA, OCT. 16, 1848.—The stock of Sugar is reduced to
a very insignificant quantity, and purchases made since our
last report, were, in some instances, at an advance of rial on
the rates then named. There is scarcely any left in the coun-
try, and what is held here, is in the hands of very firm planters,
who have high views. We continue our last quotations,
although it would be difficult to make up a cargo without
submitting to higher prices : Assorted kinds, 51 to 31, 6i to
98 rials ; ordinary whites, 7 to 7i rials good to fine whites, 78
toei
rials; choice whites, 9 to 91 rials; superior and florete
yellows, 52 to 62 rials; good to fine yellows, 51 to 6* rlals;
browns 51 to 6* rials ; Cucuruches 42 to 5 rials. Of Musco-
vadoes there is little or nothing left.

A letter from Rotterdam of the 6th instant, states that
the cholera, which appeared there on the Ist instant, has
raged with great violence. On the preceding day 41 nor
cases were declare 1, and 29 deaths, whilst there were but
seven recoveries. During the previous five days there had
been 298 cases, 157 deaths, 121 recoveries, and 16 remained
under cure.
THE LATEST.—Some thieve wear a taglioni, the fro: t
pockets of which have no bottom, so that they appear to
have their hands in their own pockets while they are really
exploring their neighbours !

METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER,
BY MR. C. H. CHADBURN, 71, LORD-STREET.
ATMOSPHERIC
;Pal
Temperature Daily Direc-
in tion
Humidity at Fall of a.,
1
Pressure at shade by self- ' Noon. Wind 2, $:7
registering Difference' of of at r ",if
Nine , *
* six thermometer Wet and Dry Rain. Noon.
, a.m. Ip m Max. Min. bulb.
rt• In; In. Deg. Deg. Deg. In.
7 29.59 29'83 46 39 2 0.08 N N.w 45 33
8 1010 130'16 44 34 4 Nby w 42 30
9 30'36 ; 30'46 40 35 2 3.28 37 31
10 30'45 i 30'50 43 39 2 s. 45 40
11 3014 30'55 46 42 2 N.W. 45 40
12 —1 45 37
13 30'56. 30'53 2
THE WEATHER.-7th : heavy squalls; forenoon, hail showe!

THE WEATHER.-71
and clear.-Bth: fine;
of snow.-9th : clear ;
night, clear.-12th : ti

h : heavy squalls ; forenoo_
evening, heavy rain ; nigh'
clouded.-10th : foggy.—)
ggy ; night, clear.-13th : c,

hail shower
t, heavy fall
11th: foggy;
lean

LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARKET-YESTERDAY.

- -----.
We have had a very large supply of Beasts at our market to-
day; the supply of Sheep very small. Prices for Beef were
much the same as last week, and Mutton a little higher. Beef,
40. to 50.; Mutton, 50. to 6d.

DIED.

On the 12th instant, at her residence, 30, Brownlow-street,
ANN, the beloved wife of Mr. JOHN MULLIN, builder, Lon-
don-road.

LIVERPOOL :
TUESDAY, NOV. 14, 1848.
_ PRINTED AND PUBLISHED

EVERY TUESDAY MORNING,
By JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of 53, Grove street, and
LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, Great Orford-street,
At No. 4. ST. GEORGE'S CRESCENT, LIVERPOOL.
BIRKENHEAD ; TODHUNTER, Chester-street • LAW All
VINIENEY, Argyle-street; OSBORNE, Cheater-Street; and d.
GRIFFITH, Hamilton-street.

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION.
IN ADVANCE