The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-07-22 00:00:00

SELECTIONS.

THE HEALTHY Or.n DRAMATISTS.—In the old dra-
matists there is the beauty of health, strength, and inviti-
tiik sincerity. Sorrow there is, as there is in life; but
it is a sorrow that sympathises with every human being,
anti is too genuine to be warped into a selfish and gloomy
misanthropy. They wrote before the good English word
-4" feeling" had whined itself into the French one " senti-
zwerrt." They were too hardy to need to shelter them-
selves in the soft cloak of sentimentalism, and thought it
worthier and more poetical ambition to emulate the an-
gem in love, than the devils in scorn and hate. Byronism
would have stood with numbed limbs and chattering teeth,
as the sharp, bracing, mountain air, in which alone their
longs could find free play. Yet there, amid the bare ma-
jeetic rocks, bloom tender Alpine flowers of delicatest hue
LIT& rarest fragrance, and the sturdy moss creeps every-
&ere with its heartfelt green; which, even in cloudy
agrazther, looks as if it had garnered up in itself a store of
whine.—Lowell's Conversations

OILNITHOLOGICAL EXPRESS.—The system of commu-
nication by means of carrier-pigeons, between London
nod Paris, is carried on to a very considerable extent, and
at a great cost. There are several perfect establishments
lit up by parties interested in the quick transmission of
lortcliigence, at the ports of Dover and Calais, and at re-
zoiar distances on he reads of the two countries; whence
Ilva, birds are exchanged in regular order, as they return
-vita their little billet. The interruption occasioned by
Igte flours of night is made up by a man on horseback;
who again, at daylight, on arriving at a pigeon-station,
transfers his despatch to the keeper, who has his bird in
-readiness. The distance by day is accomplished in less
than eight hours. It has been found that hawks have
vowed themselves dangerous enemies even to these quick-
-Sighted birds; akol a premium of half-a-crown is paid
la-every hawk's head produced. The pay of a keeper is
£ a-year ; and, when this is added to the cost of food
lied the expense of sending the pigeons on from station to
la.ation, to be ready for their flight home, it will appear
that the service is attended with considerable outlay.
The duty of training young birds and the management of
the old ones, in feeding Them at proper times, and in
keeping them in the dark till they are thrown up, is very
ricapansible, and almost unceasing. A good bird is not
tepposed to last more than two or three years.—Thornp-
sou's Note-book of a Naturalist.

OCCUPATIONS OF THE PEOPLE.—We have called Ire-
-hand an essentially agricultural country; and so it is,
=Qv a red at least with the rest of the United Kingdom.
In Great Britain and the Channel Islands the agricultural
popnlatien is not quite a halt of the trading and manufac-
tering (as I to 2.07); whilst in Ireland it is much more
ttan treble (as 3.55 to 1). Whether these proportions
tare increasing, or diminishing, since 1831, no certain con-
clusion can be formed; for the returns of occupation then
were made of the number of families, and now, of the
=amber of individuals employed. This uncertainty has
gir ext rise to much discussion, not only on the relative
fIEIPATees, but on the actual proportion of the manufactur-
wag and trading to the agricultural population, and on
reir respective importance in the production of national
-wealth. In the course of this discussion the report of the
commissioners has been much censured, as underrating
tie agricultural population, by not including in it artisans
alcoployed immediately in the service of agriculture—the
smith, the carpenter, and the harness-maker, who supply
the ploughs, the carts, and the gear of the horses. But
-sere are we to stop? Must we class, also, as agricul-
turalists, them who dig the iron-ore, and them who smelt
it?—the wood-merchant who buys, and the sailor who
intsp.3rts the timber ?—the butcher who strips off the hide,
mod the tanner who converts it into leather ? And, if so,
itike same workmen, employed yesterday for the farm, are
to-day preparing beams for the power-loom—and wheels,
aural straps, and collars, for spinning-jennies—and giant
tn engines, doing the work of a thousand horses. In
rliort, if the producers of an article are to be numbered
with those who consume or employ it, all distinction is at
as end, and all enumeration confounded : the tailor would
be reckoned in every class, because no class goes naked.—
Qatrterly Review.

TRANSFORMATION OF A Locus.—ln the summer
•tereiniugs it is common to see upon the trunks of the trees,
reeds or any upright object, a heavy-looking, hump-
tacke:d brown beetle, an inch and a half long, with a scaly
mat, clawed lobster-like legs, and a somewhat dirty as-
pect, which latter is easily accounted for by the little hole
-risible in the turf at the foot of the tree, whence he has
laari.y crept. I base sometimes carried them home and
ached with great interest the poor locust " shuffle off
&is mortal," or rather earthly " coil" to emerge into a
aM,P; world. The first symptom is the opening of a small
Oa ;which appears in the back of his coat, between the
ith*.adder;;, through which, as it slowly gapes wider, a pale,
silky-looking texture is seen, throbbing and heaving
3Parkwards and forwards. Presently a fine square head,
-ati two light-red eyes, has disengaged itself, and in pro-
4..iess of time, (for the transformation goes on almost im-
eptibly,) this is followed by the liberation of a portly
taiwly and a conclusion ; after which the brown leggings
sre pulled off like boots, and a pale, cream-coloured, weak,
*oft creature very tenderly walks away from his former
which remains standing entire, like the coat of mail
of r warrior of old—the shelly plates of the eyes that are
gime looking after their c,ntents with a sad lack of
"` &peculation" in them. On the back of the new-born
mature lie two small bits of membrane, doubled and
crumpled up in a thousand puckers, like a Limerick glove
Cr At walnut-shell; these now begin to unfold themselves—
And gradually spread smoothly out into two large, beauti-
Sal. opal-coloured wings, which by the following morning
leave become clearly transparent, while the body has ac-
waived its proper hard consistency and dark colour; and
-e'sesi placed on a tree the happy thing soon begins its
tirring, creaking, chirruping song, which continues with
Titale intermission as long as its harmless, happy life.—
Mrs . Meredith's Australia.

THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH.—FrOM early youth,
,yoang, Churchill vvas distinguished by the elegance of his
SiaTinerS arid the beauty of his countenance and figure—
,,,avantages which, coupled with the known loyal prin-
*pies of his father, and the sufferings be had undergone
j the royal cause, procured for him, at the early age of
*roma, the situation of page in the household of the Duke
4ate York, afterwards James 11. His inclination for arms
-was then so decided, that that prince procured for him a
co=.mission in one of the regiments of guards when he
isms only sixteen years old. His uncommonly handsome
bare then attracted no small share of notice from the
heseitties of the court of Charles 11., and even awakened
ptssion in one of the royal mistres,es herself. Impatient
Ito signalize himself, however, he left their seductions,
sad embarked as a volunteer in the expedition against
Tagigiers in 1776. Thus his first essay in arms was made
a. actions against the Moors. Having returned to Great
3ritain, he attracted the notice of the Countess of Cas-
tkenaine, afterwards Duchess of Cleveland, then the
lavourite mistress of Charles 11., who had distinguished
helm by her regard before he embarked for Africa, and
isi-ao made him a present of £5,000, with which the young
Jridier bought an annuity of £5OO a year, which laid the
tkoandation, says Chesterfield, of all his subsequent for-
,integ. Charles, to remove a dangerous rival in her
mu/steady affections, gave him a company in the guards,
Had sent him to the Continent with the auxiliary force
adricb, in those days of English humiliation, the cabinet
4:l' :it. James's furnished to Louis XIV. to aid him in

subduing the United Provinces. Thus, by a singular
seisistcidence, it was under Tureime, Conde, and Vauban
that the future conqueror of the Bourbons first learned
art of scientific warfare. Wellington went through
age same discipline, but in the inverse order : his first
Y.4tnpaigns were made against the French in Flanders,
iris next against the bastions of Tippoo and the Mahratta
lssrse in Hindostan.—Blackwood.
IocTWEEN " 'l'.. D r, " 11.1•4 Luno
-ZYNDHURST.—The influence of Lord Lyndhurst in the
House of Lords is almost co-extensive with that of the
Duke of "Wellington. Popular institutions favour the
daily legitimate depostism—that of mind; and these two
Conservative statesmen remarkably illustrate this inevi-
table tendency of the weaker intellect to yield voluntary
..respect, if not entire submission to the stronger. Perhaps
lit would not be going too tar to say, that in the present
-condition of the House of Lords, if the Duke of Welling-
ton and Lord Lyndhurst resolve upon carrying any par-
tic..olar measure, they have the power to do so. That
their proceedings a:e usually characterised by unfailing
good sense and judgment, supplies a sufficient reason
why they should wield this influence; and renders it un-
Ir.cestary to inquire whether they would be able to exer-
dse it in the same degree if they proposed measures which
the general common sense of the house would repudiate.
Of the fact, however, that these two statesmen are now
the ruling spirits of the House of Peers, there can be
little doubt. The sources of their influence are different.
• The Duke's power over his obsequious fellow-peers is de-
Eyed from his great moral weight, his historical repute-
eon. his proved sagacity, and the stedfastness with which
sc as known to uphold all that can contribute to the con-
solidation of the national strength. It is a personal in-
fitsence. Men follow his lead because it is he who leads,
not because they have decided in their own minds to go
the same road. Lord Lyndhurst's influence, on the
Other hand, is intellectual—founded upon the evident
latrragth of his mind, his translucent abilities in debate,
Attid the towering proportion of his general character.
His contemporaries yield him the precedence because they
feel assured that be has brought to bear upon any ques-
tion before him all the resources of a perfectly organised
• intellect—that learning, acuteness, experience and judg-
ment, have done their utmost. The Duke, they think,
• *oust be right, because a sort of moral instinct directs him
the true policy. Lord Lyndhurst commands their sup.
-port. because they feel that he has investigated all the
.2e:wings and exhausted all the modes of which a subject
as capable, and that he will take the right course by the
Imre preference of reason and judgment.—Fraser,

GLOCESTER, AI3ERYSTWITH, & CENTRAL
WALES RAILWAY,
AND THE IMPROVEMENT F TIIE PORT AND HAR.
DOUR OF ABERYSTWITH.

(Provisionally Registered, pursuant to the 7 and 8 Vic.,
cap. 110.)

CAPITAL, £1,250,000, in 50,000 SHARES of £25
each.
DEPOSIT, £1 is. 6d. per SHARE.
PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE.

His Grace the Duke of Newcastle, K.G.
The Right Hon. the of,
of Lisburne, Crosswod-park

Aberystwith.
The Hon. A. F. Berkeley, Spring-gardens.
Captain Btamish, 16, Kensington-square, and Maes

Mawr.
General Sir Loftus.Otwav, K.C.8., 13, Grosvenor-square.
and Cwm Elan, near Rhayader.
Arthur Macnamara, Esq., Llangred Castle, Hay, and
Caddington-hall, Dunstable, Bedfordshire.
The Venerable Archdeacon Venables, Llysdinam-ball,
Builth.
T. Fuller Maitland, Esq., Garth House, near Builth, and
Park-place, H enley• on-Thames.
Lieut.-Colonel Crutteriden, R.A., 13, Percy-street, Bed-

ford-square.
John Nichol' Came, Esq., LL.D., Dimland House, Cow-
bridge, Glatnorganshire.
The Rev. G. A. Blakeley, M.A., Kinnerton, Radnor-
shire.
Marpriaduke Gwynne, Esq., I,lanelwyth ball, Builth.
Major Lindam, K.H., St. Alban's Hotel, Charles-street,
St. James's.
Colonel Powell, Hardwick, Herefordshire.
The Rev. Thomas Powell, M.A., Vicar of Borstone,
I f ere fordshire.
William Snead, Esq , Glasbury, Radnorshire.
William Alfred Hill, Esq., 29, Loosdale-square.
Conway W. Lovesy, Esq.. jun., Coxhorne, Charlton
Kings, Cheltenham.
William Prosser, Esq., jun., 13, Windsor-terrace, Pim-
lico.
John Barber, Esq., the Old Court, Bosbury, Hereford-
shire, and Lincoln's-inn.
Captain Samuel Price, R.N., Senior United Service Club.
Edward David Thomas, Esq., Welfield-house, Radnor-

shire. _
Thomas Thomas, Esq., Penkerrig, Radnorshire.
Thomas Turner Roberts, Esq., Lwnderw, Breconshire.
George Donkin, Esq., Wyfold Court, Oxfordshire.
William Theodore Elliott, Esq., Cowper-house, Brorop-
ton.
Charles Waite, Esq., Willesden, Middlesex.
Captain Edmund Nurcott, R.N.
Tomkyns Dew, Esq., Whitney Court, near Hereford.
Thomas Prickard, Esq., Ddrrw, Rhayader.
C. Parsons, Esq., Presteign.
J. C. Severn, Esq., Penybont Hall, Radnorshire.
Captain Horatio James, R.N., Rhayader.
John N. Lloyd, Esq., Wye Cottage, Hereford.
Henry Lingen, Esq., Penlanole, near Rhayader.
J. P. Glen, Esq., Presteign.
Hans Busk, Esq., Glenalder, Rhayader, and 4, Great
Cumberland-place.
C. White, Esq., Aberannell, Builth.
Edward G. Winthrop, Esq., 8, Glocester-street, Park-
street, Regent's-park.
C. L. Green, Esq., Blandford-street, Portman-square.
John M. Davies, Esq., Panty vyden, Aberystwith.
Thomas Davies, Esq., Llangattock Court, Crickhowell.
The Rev. G. A. Walker, M.A., Alverthorpe Parsonage,
Wakefield.
T. B. Ricketts, Esq., Combe House, Presteign.
Guy Parsons, Esq., Presteign, Radnorshire.
R. W. Wood, Esq., 30, North-bank, St. John's-wood.
Samuel Beavan, Esq., Glascombe Court, Radnorshire.
A. M. Ritchie, Esq., Middle Temple.
The Hon. Captain Vaughan, Birch Grove.
The Rev. J. W. Morris, Ystradmyrick.
Lloyd Vaughan W atkins, Esq., Penoyore, Breconshire.
IL 0. Powell. Esq., Aberystwith.
Thomas William Higgins, Esq., Hay.
P. Mein, Esq., Glencartholm, Canonbie.
Hugh Powell Evans, Esq., Noyadd, Rhayader.
Rev. Samuel Evans, Kington, Herefordshire.
Robert Henry Lindacn, Esq., 8, New-street, Dorset-

square.
John Williams, Esq., Skrem House, Radnorshire.
Alfred Stephens, Esq., Aberyssw•ith.
(With power to add to their number.)
SOLICITORS.
G. P. Hill, Esq.. 21 A, Soho-square.
William Eyre, Esq , Bond-court, Walbrook.
Messrs. Edwards, Ross.
SECRETARY.—Thomas Hawker, Esq.
BANKERS.

Messrs. Glyn, Halifax, Mills, & Co., 67, Lombard-street.

I\TOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that, in conse•
1.1 quence of the numerous applications for Shares, no
more will be received alter THURSDAY, tha 31st instant.

By order of the Boarl of Directors,
T. HAWKER, Secretary.
Temporary Offices. 21 (A), Soho-square, London,
where Prospectuses may still be obtained.
July 17th, 1845.