The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-04-09 00:00:00

MELANCHOLY CASUALTIES AT SEA.

We regret to state that a violent gale of wind 'visited
the western shores of the United Kingdom on Saturday
week,. and resulted most destructively to human life and
shipping.

The fine steam ship Royal Adelaide, Captain John
Batty. plying between the ports of CO* and London, left
the former port on Wednesday afternoon week, with a
full cargo of goods and :206 :passengers, touched off
Plymouth on Thursday evening, left that port for London
on Friday morning at three o'clock, and was totally lost
on the Tongue Sand, off Margate, at eleven o'clock on
Saturday nigl t, when every soul on board perished. She
was seen by Charles Gilman, a Deal pilot, towing a large
barque, after having passed the Tongue light ship, about
fifteen miles from the coast off Margate, when she was
about three-quarters of a mile distant, and firing signals
of distress in rapid succession. From her position she
was evidently on the sand, but as the wind blew a perfect
gale, Gillman said it was quite impossible to render any
assistance. They threw up rockets in reply to the signals,
in the hope that they might be observed from the• shore,
bat the night was coming on thick at the time, and he
believed there was too much reason to fear they had never
been seen. The following morning she was observed by
the master of the Malcolm Brown, screw steamer, when
she appeared to be a complete wreck. The gale prevented
her being approached within three-quarters of a mile, and
she appeared as if her stern was gone; also her masts,
funnel, and everything swept clean off, and not a soul to be
seen on board. The frame work of her two paddle-boxes
was standing, and the stanchions of the bulwarks, but the
boards were gone. A dreadful sea always exists during
gales in this 'portion of the Prince's Channel, and on.
Sunday morning it was sweeping over the wreck terrifi-
cally. Two of the bodies have since been picked up, with
life preservers around them, but they have not been
identified. The Royal Adelaide was about 450 tons bur-
then, and had two engines of 140 horse power each.
Like all the vessels belonging to the same company—
the most extensive Steam Navigation Company in the
world—she was well found, and so strong and substantial
in every respect, and with a skilful commander and fine
crew on board—nearly all whom belonged to Liverpool—
that the loss of her can but be attributed to those decrees
of Providence which no human foresight or experience,
with all recent improvements in steaming or sailing, can,
overcome. It is supposed, but the fact cannot be pre-
cisely ascertained, that upwards of 200 persons were on
board. It is now certain that all of them must have
perished, and very few of the bodies have since been found.
One is stated to be the mate of the ship, and another a
person named Coe, judging merely from the name of Coe
being written inside of his boots. The spot where this
wreck took place is one of the most dangerous on that
coast. It was within a few cables length thata German
emigrant ship went to pieces in October last, when nearly
200 lives were lost.

Some reflections are thrown out by several newspapers
to the effect that the prudent course would have been, in
such weather, to come to anchor for the night in Margate
Roads, but that the owners give their captains instruc-
tions to drive on at all hazards so as to make the speediest
possible passage. Without seeing any gentleman belong-
ing to the City of Dublin Company—who have their main
establishment at this port—we contradict such a state-
ment. The company, in fact, from the vast number of
vessels they possess, both on these coasts and the Indian
seas, are their own insurers, and can have no interest in
precipitating the destruction of their property. We have
sailed by many of their splendid vessels, again and again,
hence to Dublin and back, and we know that their cap-
tains are instructed most strictly to observe the utmost
caution in case of apparent danger. Many of them have
been upwards of twenty years in the employ, and are, in
reality, correct pilots and able handlers of their vessels.
We can therefore attribute the loss of the Royal Adelaide
to the misadventure of Captain Batty in not being able to
distinguish, during the haze of the gale, the light of the
Tongue Lightship, and thereby mistaking his due course.
The force and direction of the tide might also, in such a
gale, have its deceiving effect ; and the whole melancholy
affair resolves itself nearly into this—that in the ordina-
tions of Providence, in the hazardous pursuit of naviga-
tion, " the pitcher goes often to the well, but is, by chance.
broken at last."

On the Irish coast the same gale was most destructive.
The barque Theresa Jane, Wright, master, from Liver-
pool to Maranham, with a general cargo, went on shore
on the Mew Island, on Saturday night week, and has
since become a total wreck. The captain and six men
were drowned. The smack Earl of Arran, belonging to
this port, went on shore in Church Bay, near Glenarm,
and has completely broken up—crew saved. The barque
Burrell, of Lancaster, William Foster, master, went
on shore on the rocks of Coney Island Bay, near Ardglass,
on Friday night week. A number of other casualties
are also reported as having occurred on the coasts of Ire-
land, and elsewhere, which are briefly noticed in our ship-
ping intelligence in another column.

The sch;oner Peggy, of Portgordon, was driven on
shore in Cloughey Bay, on Friday morning week ; and a
small Isle of Man vessel near the same place—the crew of
the latter all lost.

At Ardmore Bay, on Saturday evening week, the brig
Grace, of Newcastle, laden with corn, from Alexandria,
went on shore, and became a complete wreck—crew saved.
Loss of the American Packet-ship John R. skiddy.
This fine vessel was wrecked on what are called the But-
tons Rocks, on the night of the Ist instant. The follow.
ing letter, shown at the Underwriters' Rooms, on Friday
conveys the principal facts :-- _

"Gahre Gorey, 3rd April, 1850.
"Gentlemen,—lt has become my melancholy duty to inform
you of the total loss of the J. It. Skiddy, on Ulascarrick beach,
county Wexford, on the night of Ist April, at a quarter past
eleven, being very thick and rainy at the time, and having mis-
taken the light on Arklow Bank for Tuscar. I had seen Bard-
sey Island at nine o'clock the same morning, and steered a
course which I judged would carry me about midway between
the Smalls and Tuscar, but by some unaccountable means the
ship drifted materially out of her course by the tides. I am
happy to inform you that the passengers and crew were landed
in safety, also the greater part of the luggage in good order,
and shall probably save the remainder in a damaged condition.
I have also saved the sales, rigging, and part of stores. The
ship lies within two hundred yards of the beach, bulged and
very quiet, the water over the lower deck. If the weather keep
moderate, some part of the cargo may be saved, in a damaged
condition. I have abandoned the ship to Lloyd's agent, who
has men now employed bending the sails, &c. I think the
natives of this part of the country are the most abandoned set
of villains it has ever been my misfortune to fall in with. They
commenced robbing and plundering the moment they came on
board; and as a Loa load of luggage or stores landed, they
were immediately seized on by the lawless villains, in defiance
of the coast-guard and police.—Yours very respectfully,

"J. SHIPLEY."
A well-written letter, from a passenger named Parrott,
exposes the gross and inhuman conduct of the natives on
the coast, in plundering the ship of her cargo, and the
passengers_ of their clothing, money, &c. It is to be
hoped that these wretches will be brought to justice.

We have already noticed the wreck of the ship Howard,
from Mobile, on one of the sand-banks near the mouth of
the Ribble. The bales of damaged cotton lately lying
between the George's Dock west sheds and the Baths at
George's pier were a portion of the cargo, and a considerable
portion of it is so little damaged as to be still merchant-
able.

The Wolverhampton Chronicle, referring to the state
of that district, says, "wages are low, and profits next to
nothing. Poor rates, in this district, are higher than
before known, except in periods of deep distress, and the
multitudes of applicants for relief have increased beyond
proportion with the increase of population, and much be-
yond any ratio which can be traced to the recent visitation
with which the district has been afflicted. Last week,
2,982 persons were relieved by the Wolverhampton Poor-
law Union ; the sum of £l4O lls. 3d., or above £7,000
yearly, was expended in out-door rlief, the highest
amount known, except when cholera or Irish fever raged
amongst us. It is impossible to look upon this state of
affairs as satisfactory."

TAXES : HOW TO LESSEN THEM CONSIDERABLY.
STRONG ARGUMENTS AND STARTLING FACTS WHICH
CANNOT BE CONTRADICTED.—The numerous and accu-
mulated profits which real consumers have to pay for
various articles, afford a good opportunity of laying bare
the position of some houses compared with others; and
it is our purpose to elucidate how and why it is—convinced
that we shall be enabled to throw a strong light on this hitherto
neglected subject, and prove the enormous taxation tphus laid
on domestic expenditure. In order to hold this system up to
public investigation, we shall endeavour to show, in the first
place, simply the number and extent of the profits that all
classes are really burthened with:-Ist profit arises from ma-
nufacturers buying articles in the raw state ; 2nd profit arises
from merchants purchasing from the manufacturers; 3rd pro-
fit arises from London or wholesale houses buying from our
merchants; 4th profit arises from small retailers having to
purchase from.wholesale houses; sth profit arises from small
tradesmen's exorbitant charges to the consumer 1 Now, upon
a just calculation. thesefive.profits amount to at least 50 per
cent., or ten shillings in every twenty! thus involving a prin-
ciple so extravagant to the pockets, that it needs only to
be enquired into to be thoroughly understood. But as
there is no rule without an exception, we will next allude
to one establishment where the artizan can get his cloth-
ing at first cost, and where the proprietor has no interme-
diate profits to pay; need we say that we allude to B. HYAM,
national tailor and clothier, 63, Lord-street, Liverpool. He
manufactures extensively for his own branches in every stage,
from the raw material to the most superbly finished coat, at
"one cost" and at "one profit." This, then, accounts for his
vast success and the extraordinary low prices at which he can
afford to sell his clothing; in fact, it is well known by the
public that he sells the most superior description of garments
lower, infinitely lower, than any other smaller establishment
charge for interior. Now, we ask the reader a simple question
—Does it not sound to reason that HYAM has advantages for
supplying the million 40 per cent. lower than others? Certainly
he has 1 and this he unquestionably does—thus saving the
pockets of all, more than any person could imagine, did they
not dive into the minutiae of the mysteries of clot ing. Again,
HYAM having twelve of the largest tailorin: a . clothing esta-
blishments in the United Kingdom, viz.:— , idon, 36, Grace-
church-street; Liverpool, 63 and 65, Lord . reet ; Manchester,
26, Market-street; Birmingham, 23, Ne. -street; Glasgow, 48,
Argyll-street; Exeter 193, High-stre• ; London, 86, Oxford-
street ,• Dublin,. 30, Dame-street; I istol, 42, Wine-street;
Bristol, 6, Union-street; Leeds, 42, ' *ggate ; Hull, 17, Market-
place—and all in active operation t makes it worth his while
to manufacture his own goods of • ery description ; thus com-
bining -in himself the true titl: of manufacturer, merchant,
wholesale and retail vendor for is own immense and widely-
spreading temples of corumerc . Another point of importance
we next take up : a tradsma in a gigantic line of business
like HYAM, even not posses ng the advantages above stated,
can even then sell cheaper t an small shopkeepers. They must
have a shop, shopmen, gas ent, and numerous other expenses
incidental to business,. w .ich nearly amount to as much as a
larger shopkeeper (such Hyam), whose returns are probably
a hundred times as muc , Again, look at the immense expe-
rience, the sound judg . nt, and the unbounded capital a pro-
prietor of twelve such . ammoth establishments must possess
in making up goods, t, a small tradesman, who only has to
make a handful at one ; why, it is like comparing a molehill
htoavae mountain.,,small,
chWeihcielsttapu selectrc has es
from,
t "small" shops must
" small" chance of
getting suited, And a much "smaller" one of obtaining satis-
faction. Let all, therefore, who would only pay "one profit,"
oo TO HYAM'S. T who wish to throw money away, cer-
tainly should go to mail tradesmen • but it is the public's
interest to patronis an .establishment ' raised for the good of
the inhabitilafts of is populous 'district, and, in return, the
forw h theira h
ebepnveafie
proclaimed
i mand d
slimnever
the ~forsake
nat
itehaealctaaui
tailor
andaill
proprietor pledges imself to svork :his talents and immense
creussotoumrceerss
clothier of aseat rttitio.''
T