The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-10-01 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE.

MANCHESTER.—The country trade houses continue very busy,
and the drapers buy freely. We have also had several buyers
from London, and they have operated rather largely. Manu-
facturers of power-loom printers had a fair amount of trade
this week, but have been fo ced to give way in price, which they
can well afford to do, for the raw material has receded. The
Printers are very busy, and Plaids for the autumn, appear to
take the lead. Upon the whole, things apper very healthy, and
we expect more than an average autumn trade. 27-inch 6o's,
4s id. to ss; GG's 55 to 5s 6d; and 72's, as iodia to 6s sd._
Manchester Advertiser..

LEEDS.—There is a fair business doing in woollen cloths, but
the demand for fine goods is not so active as we have had to
record for some tme past. In heavy cloths, suit- ble for winter,
the transactions continue extensive, and late prices generally
are fully maintained. Most of the warehouses concerned in the
domestic trade are busy.

HUDDERSFIELD MARKET.—We had a fair attendance o
buyers at market on Tuesday, but their purchases were no
quite so extensive as we have had to report of late, though
prices continued firm. Most of the manufacturers are still
making to order, and the stocks on hand are not large. The
yarn trade is still active.

BRADFORD MARKFT.—There was scarcely an average attend
ance of merchants at this market on Thursday, and the demand
for manufactured goods was not quite so active as it was three
or four weeks ago, but there was, perhaps, fully as much busi-
ness done as la t. Prices were not quite so firm ; and some
of the manufacturers complained that they could scarcely
realise their own. The yarn market, presented the same aspect
as for some weeks past, and prices were stationary, There was
a limited demand for wool of all sorts, and it was consequently
rather easier to buy.

HALIFAX MARKET.—This market was well attended on Sa-
turday, and a full average amount of busi ess was done iu
piece goods. Yarns were also in good demand, and the price
of wool is fully maintained.

ROCHDALE FLANNEL MAHKET.—There has been but a dull
market to-day. Flannels of good quality have been very little
inquired for, the demand having been f, r those of a coarser
kind. There has also been very little activity in the wool
market, and there is much diversity of opinion amongst the
manufacturers whether the next move in the price of this article
will be up or down.

HOSIERY AND LACE TRADE.—The situation of the wrought
cotton hose hands is still much to be lamented : we have heard
of some of them in the eastern villages having had no work for
the last.six weeks. The fine hose branch (that is, those above
36-guage) is worse than ever, and stocks are gradually accu-
mulating. The cut-up branch partakes of this depression,
though they have the spirit to resist a reduction of their wages.
The cotton glove trade, though very dull, is not in the same de-
pressed state as the other hosiery branches. The drawer branch
is not by any means worse, though many of ts:e shops find great
difficulty in procuring any material to work up at the beginning
of the week. The silk glove branch may be said t be a shade
better, though still lamentably depressed. There is little or no
change in any of the branches of the lace trade, there being a
demand, though a lingering one, for all that is made.—
Nottingham Journal.

PACKET LIST.
GENERAL POST-OFFICE, September 27.

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TIDE TABLE.
DAIS. MEN. FEN. Limo lIT lIOLYDAYS, ETC.
Tuesday 1 1 26 1 43 15 2 Remigius.
Wednes. 2 2 1 2 19 13 11
Thurs... 3 2 38 2 59 12 7 Sun's greatest elong.
Friday.. 4 3 23 3 48 11 5 Saturn stationary.
Saturday 5 4 19 4 52 10 5 Jupiter rises 4h 8m m.
Sunday. 6 5 33 6 17 10 2 19th Sunday at. Trintiy.
Monday. 7 6 59 7 37 10 10 Mars rises 4h bm morn.

JAMES COCKBURN BELANY.—An inquiry was insti-
tuted before the magistrates, at Belford, on Tuesday last,
respecting the burning of the 'property belonging to J. C.
Belany, and the breaches of the peace committed at North
Sunderland, as stated in our last. Mr. Belany, accom-
panied by his brother, the Rev. Mr. Belany, and his soli-
citor, were present during the inquiry, and it is understood
that steps have been taken to sue the hundred for the
amount of damage. The dwelling destroyed is not the
romantic mansion of Belany, on the edge of the cliff, but
a farm house, where he had been residing, and which be-
longed to the trustees of the late Lord Crewe, and it is
said to be insured. Belany's new house is knoVen by the
name of the "Cave," aed it has been built so close to the
sea, that the spray will, in a storm, blow against the win-
dows. Is is a curious place. The soil has been cut away
from the top of the rock, on which it is built, and, so far
had this to he done, that the roof of the house is nearly
level with the ground on the land side. It is surrounded
with a high wall, so that no one can obtain entrance to it
but by descending a flight of about twenty-one steps, and
then the door, instead of hamting on hinges, is made like
a portcullis, to draw up into the wall. The sew view is,
of course, extensive, and the situation would seem not a
disagreeable one in summer, but during the blasts of win-
ter it must be exceedingly cold and dreary. What trifling
furniture was saved from the fire, was on Monday con-
veyed in a cart to Aytoun, about ten miles north of Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed, where Belany's father resides. So
universal would. seem to be the feeling excited in the case
of this unhappy individual, that it is stated his London
solicitor, having been recognized the other day at Don-
caster Races, was attacked by the mob, and actually ducked
in a pond.

over their Protestant fellow-countrymen—will be-
come the cry of a nation.
We regret the policy on the part of our brother
Conservatives in Ireland, which is operating to
bring about a consummation so much to be feared.
We regret, more than all, the temper which ap-
pears to have dictated such policy, and which, if
encouraged, will throw the loyal Protestants of that
country into the hands of O'Connell and of Rome,
to serve as blind instruments for working out their
insidious designs. It is quite true that such men as
Dr. Maunsell, Alderman Butt, and their associates
in this new movement, have had infinite reason of
.late years to be dissatisfied with the acts of the legis-
lature as it exists. It is true, and lamentable, that.
the prospects of the Irish Protestants are well nigh
as dark as the former gentleman has painted them;
and that, of the only two of their cherished institu-
tions—their University an.l their Established
Church—no reflecting man will engage that the
first " will not within a year be thrown as a kop to
the monster of agitation," -or that, this being
effected, " their Church as a national establishment
can survive." But it is weak and unworthy of these
men, who have fought so nobly through long years
of menace and persecution for the maintenance of
their Protestant institutions and of the British con.
nexion, to rush now, in a moment of passion and
resentment—the result of expectations disappointed
and trust abused—into a course so rash and unad-
vised as this proposal of a migratory Parliament,
which can only tend to encourage the ulterior hopes
of repealers and rebels, without conferring one ad-
vantage upon the great mass of their fellow coun-
trymen. It is to be deeply deplored that, by such
men, a step should be taken which is already
weakening the confidence and sympathy ever ex-
I tended to them by Protestants of England, and, if
followed up, must produce distrust and total aliena-
tion.

We cannot bring ourselves to believe that Dr.
Maunsell is himself seriously persuaded of the
fesabtlity of his plan, or its real advantages to Ire-
land. He says that it is fesable, because it has been
tried before—because Parliaments have been held
" at Oxford, York, Trim, and even at the Borough
of Swords." No doubt such thing's have been,
and the members of such Parliaments have debated
in the steel cap and morion, breast plates and thigh
plates, with sword in belt, and spur on heel; but a
practice, the prompting solely or mainly of the
necessity of the times, can scarcely be urged as a
presedent for its adoption now. The machinery of
legislaiion now is too cumbrous to become ambula-
tory. A Prime Minister cannot carry about with
him, either Whitehall or the Treasury; the Chan-
cellor cannot remove either the Bank or the Ex-
chequer ; the Board of Trade, the Horse Guards,
the Admiralty, Somerset House, and the India
House, are fixtures too inseparably connected with
the daily working of Government to be dispensed
with. Feasibility in the plan, therefore, there is
none. _ _

TUESDAY MORMNG, OCT. 1, 1814.

We called public attention recently to the neglect
of the comfort and convenience of the poorer classes
of travellers, evinced in the regulations of the Grand
Junction Railway. The return made to us has
been our exclusion from the advertising favours (!)
of this powerful company--several of which have
since gone the round of the Liverpool papers, with
the marked exception of the STANDARD—and the
ill-will of some of its directors, whom we had a right
to class amongst the number of _our friends. The
pecuniary portion of the sacrifice we did not care
for, although we regretted to observe the littleness
of mind which could prompt its infliction upon us.
We were consoled, however, by the reflection that,
in the altered regulations which immediately fol-
lowed our remarks, we had secured for a portion of
our fellow-townsmen and fellow-countrymen, whose
interests are too little regarded by railway projectors
and managers, that accommodation, which they had
a right to expect, and which it was no less the inte-
rest than the duty of the Grand Junction Company
to afford. There is no longer thrown in the way of
the poor travellers by this line those inconveniences
and slights which, previously, rendered the journey
from Liverpool to London by anything less expen-
sive than the first-class trains, an undertaking which
no one, except in the utmost emergency, would
venture upon.
Since this submission of the Grand Junction
Directors to the pressure of public opinion, another
company (the Liverpool and Manchester) to whom
we had also addressed remonstrances which we felt
were called for, with respect to the extravagant rate
of their fares, have consented to provide, for the
poorer description of their travellers, the accommo-
dation of a third-class train, the charge for which,
for the distance between Liverpool and Manchester,
is to be 3s. for each passenger. So far, we are quite
ready to say " well done," although we must wait
to see that the promised boon is not one which is
encumbered and in part neutralised by accompany.
ing inconveniencies. There still remains, however,
the extravagant and extortionate charge of 7s. for
the first-class carriages, which we have on former
occasions denounced, and of which, we contend, the
public are entitled to demand the reduction. This
charge is, within a fraction, at the rate of 3d. a
mile ; and, in the present flourishing condition of
the company, its exaction ought not to be permitted,
neither will it be permitted, by the public.
A mere glance at the prices of the Liverpool and
Manchester stock will suffice to shew the reasona-
bleness of our demand for reduced rates, putting
•the good policy of according it entirely out of the
question.
The £lOO shares, £lOO paid, are worth £206.
£5O do. £5O „ 29 £lO2.
„ £25 do. £25 £5l.
„ £4O do. to be called up to pay _ _

And, with respect to its real advantages to the
great mass of the people of Ireland, we must con-
fess that we are not at all satisfied ; and especially
we are sceptical with respect to its advantages to
Protestant interests in that country. Dr. Maunsell,
indeed, tells us that the plan " could not render the
condition of Irish Protestants worse than it is ;" that
"it would enable Englishmen to learn, what they do
not now know, the actual position of Protestants in
Ireland"—assertions all of very questionable truth
or probability. But the conclusion that with British
parliament sitting in Dublin, without hearing of the
fulminations which weekly issue from the Concilia-
tion Hall, and within reach of the violence and in-
timidation of the mobs which form the staff of the
great agitator, a greater weight " would be given"
by a government which has conceded so much to
the pressure from without, we cannot believe at all.
It is totally beyond the range of our powers of
digestion.
It may be very convenient to the lawyers of Dub-
lin to have, as Dr. Maunsell remarks, "the field of
imperial parliamentary practice thrown open to
them," to the physicians to have " the squares of
Dublin filled with wealthy patients," and to the
tradesmen of Dublin " to have their profits and their
business quadrupled." A few of these anticipated
benefits might even stay beyond the liberties—in
about the proportion of the half-pennyworth of
bread to the two gallons of sack in Sir John Fal-
staff's Tavern Bill ;—an increased amount of the
capital of Great Britain might even find its way into
Ireland, as the result of this mensure—if it would
allay that agitation which alone prevents the intro-
duction of such capital ;—but, with such slender
prospects of advantage to the empire, depending too
upon so many ifs," it is not at all likely that Great
Britain can ever submit to a concession, fraught
with such vast inconveniences to herself, and which
Ireland has not the shadow of a title to esk for.
Upon every ground, then, we deprecate_ this pro-
posal, and the temper in which we fear it is made.
Hower ingenuity may gloss it over it is a move-
ment in the direction of repeal, perilous to Ireland
herself, and doubly so to the little that is left of her
Protestant character. Let our loyal fellow-country-
men throw from them such idle crotchets ; let them
rally once more aroned those institutions, which in
times past they have so nobly defended; and they
will not ultimately be deserted of help. Or should
the worst even come : should the light of Protestant
liberty for the brief period be permitted to be
obscured in their native land, let it not be said that
to protestant rashness and passion an issue so dis-
astrous must be attributable ! Let it not be sung
of our bleeding and prostrate constitution by the
Protestant Poet of an after day :
" So the struck Eagle, stretched upon the plain,
No more through rolling clouds to soar again,
Niewed his own feather in the fatal dart,
And winged the shaft that quivered in his heart;
Keen were his pangs, but keener far to feel
He nursed the pinion which impelled the steel;
While the same plamage that had warmed his nest,
Drank the last life-drop of his bleeding breast !"
Let the rain fall, it is the divine will ; hut, how-
ever deeply implicated may be those of timid and
time-serving statesmen, :et our hands be clean !

debt.. £36.
Here then we have a nominal capital of £215 per
share, of which only £175 is paid-up capital, worth
in the market no less than £39s—or a clear profit
of £220 upon each share of £175 ! Surely a body
of proprietors, so favoured by circumstances—so
eminently successful—are entitled to be called upon
to pay some little deference to, and even to submit
to some small sacrifice of their exorbitant profits for,
the public convenience.
But it may be well worth enquiry whether any
sacrifice at all is involved in the reasonable reduc-
tion of the fares by this line. It is incontestably
certain that, with the increased comfort to be given
to the second-class passengers, by the new arrange-
ment, a large number of those previously using the
first class only will be induced to travel by the se-
cond class, and save the 2g., the difference between
the two ; whilst there is nothing, or very little, to
induce those previously travelling by the blue car-
riages to leave them, where two shillings can be
saved by using the same carriages under the name of
the third class. The prospect at present is, that the
first class, with all its cushioned carriages, and even
added luxuries, will be comparatively deserted, '
whilst the bulk of the passengers will travel by the
second and third classes (perhaps most by the
last) at the reduced fares of ss. and 3s.
We are convinced that the company might, pro-
fitably for themselves, have adopted a still lower and
better-proportioned rate of fares than the one now
resolved upon. Five shilling bears still the same
ratio to seven shillings that they did a month ago ; and I
if two-fifths were all the difference in value between
the first-class and the blue train then, there can be
no greater difference now, the carriages in each
train being the same. An intermediate price might
have been fixed upon for the second• class carriages,
which would not have been complained of. The
Company would have found the benefit of their mo-
deration and desire to consult the public conve-
nience, the increasing traffic between the two ter-
mini being quite sufficient, independently of the in-
creae of travelling caused by low fares (of which
the recent cheap trips are a strong proof), to warrant
the ultimate success, in a pecuniary view, of such a
submission, gracefully made, to the requirements
and the advantage of the public.
We leave the subject with these remarks, merely
reminding the directors that the demand now made
upon their consideration may, if slighted, assume a
less reasonable and moderate form. There are
other routes by which a line may be brought
from Manchester to Liverpool than the existing
one; and if we are not wrongly informed, there
is a company, whose power the directors of the
Liverpool and Manchester Railway have already
felt, who are only waiting for the time to arrive for
attempting the construction of such a line. In the
present improved condition of the science of railway
construction, such a competing project is not to be
lightly hazarded.

We are compelled, much against our inclination,
to return to the que tion now agitated between the
Watch Committee and the Magistrates of our bo-
rough, which since our last has assumed a slightly
changed aspect ; but we must first set ourselves
right with respect to an alleged misstatement in our
last. We there stated, because we understood such
to be the act, that the opinion of Mr. Crompton
was upon a case submitted by the Magistrates, and
therefore one which must have been satisfactory to
Mr. Rushton. This representation was contradicted
by our contemporaries the Mercury and the Journal;
and by the former in these very polite terms, redo-
lent of anything but kid gloves and lavender water :

. -
"It is not true. We have already answered the
question decidedly. The magistrates have neither pre-
pared, directed, nor seen any case intended to be submitted
to counsel. The assertion is utterly false ;itisa -, in
plain speech : that is, it is an assertion of the Orange
Standard; this will be understood at once."

After this emphatic and very "plain" contradiction,
given in so gentlemanly a spirit, we were bound to
conclude that we had been in error, and were fully
prepared to retract our statement. It occurred to
us, however, yesterday, after perusing the opinions
of Messrs. Erle and Crompton, (which, with those
of Messrs. Jervis and Vaughan Williams, the Li-
verpool Journal had been " enabled by the kind
courtesy of the Mayor" to give at length to the
world,) that by an application to the proper quarter
we might possibly be able to see the case upon which
these new opinions, and especially a subsidiary one
by Mr. Erle, which for the first time we noticed in
the columns of the Journal, had been given. We
applied, therefore, to a member of the Watch Com-
mittee ; and, to our great surprise, learned that we
had been nearer the truth than we imagined with
respect to the mode in which these opinions had
been procured. Up to the moment of our applica-
tion, the Watch Committee had never seen the
opinions, except in the columns of the Journal;
and at the hour of writing this, they have never
had submitted to them the cases upon which they
were taken, and which we are enabled to state dis-
tinctly were submitted with the Committee's consent,
. but no further implication, in part to satisfy some
doubts of the Town-Clerk himself, and an objection
of Mr. Rushton that, in the former cases, the clause
in the act No. 77, upon which he mainly relied, had
not been brought prominently enough before the
notice of counsel. So far, then, there was prima
facie ground for believing that the opinions were
taken on behalf of the Magistrates ; and certainly
something very like a right of ownership on the
part of the Magistrates was exercised over them by
the Mayor, in handing them over to the Journal
for publication before they had been submitted to
the Committee by whom it is alleged they were
taken, and who, it seems, will have to pay for them.
We leave to the Watch Committee to consider

The recent proposal of Dr. Maunsell, to hold a
triennial session of the British Parliament in Dub-
lin, is, with all its absurdit3 • important,
as indicat-
ing a feeling amongst the Conservativeparty in Ire-
land, which is anything but a pleasing object of
contemplation. The time is not yet ripe for a step,
by Irish loyalists, the whole length of repeal' The
milder measure of a federal union has not, as yet,
many adherents amongst the educated and: Protes-
tant
It
ever, that there is a growing disposition to advance
in the direction of the vaunted specifics for Ire-
land's maladies—a disposition to attribute a portion
of those maladies to the want of legislation upon the
spot, and to claim for Ireland a greater influence in
the Constitution than she possesses or is entitled to
receive; and if that feeling continues to progress,
with as great rapidity as it has done of late, the time
is perhaps not so far distant as some politicians
imagine, when the cry for Repeal of the Union, in-
stead of, being an exclusively Popish watchword—
the cry of a faction aiming a.t religious domination

how far documents belonging to them have been,
in this instance, legitimately used; and proceed to
offer a few remarks upon the opinions themselves.
In the first place, we cannot discover in any one of
these opinions sufficient to lead us to entertain a
serious doubt of the correctness of those previously
taken. Mr. Earle's opinion is point blank in favor
of the position taken by the Watch Committee ; and
it is even strengthened by the replies to the subse-
quent queries put to him, and for the first time
communicated to the Watch Committee through
the columns of the Journal. The opinion of Mr.
Crompton, with all its evident balancing and hesi-
tation, is not conclusively in favor of the point
really at issue between the two bodies, the most
material part of which was :—whether or not the
Magistrates were correct in the course which they
took, or would have been legally justified in dismis-
sing upon the mere refusal of the Policemen to leave
the Orang - order. Mr. Crompton says that " the
Justices, acting in the regular course and in due
form, might have lawfully proceeded to adjudicate
that the Constables in question were unfit for the
duty of Constables by reason of their belonging to
the societies in qtiestiou ;" and again—" I think
that the clause (79) gives a jurisdiction to be exer-
cised by two Justices sitting in the case of alledged
unfitness, and inquiring into such case in a legal
manner/' But was this course pursued, or is this
the right contended for by the Justices or their ad-
vocates ? No ; to constitute a legal adjudication
there must be an information on oath, an inquiry
in a strict and legal substantiated by evidence of
unfitness; whereas, Mr. Rushton and his colleagues
contend for the right to dismiss on their caprice.
The same remarks will apply to the opinions of
Messrs. Jervis and Williams—(by what strange
test, by the bye, the Town-clerk arrived at the de-
termination of consulting these gentlemen, we can-
not make out)—the former of whose opinion our
contemporary the Journal, somewhat unfairly, cuts
linto two disjointed fragments to strengthen his view
of the case.

LIVERPOOL EXHIBITION OF PAINTINGS.

We obtained a cursory view of the Annual Exhibition
of the Liverpool Academy on Saturday, prior to its being
opened to the public,—(yesterday when our time would
not permit us to attend)—and from what we have already
hastely seen, we are inclined to pronounce the collection
en masse to be one of the best, if not the very best, that
has yet courted public attention in that school of art.—
The pictures too, appear to us to be very judiciously and
impartially arranged, and in this respect great credit is
due to the committee, whose endeavours to do justice to
all competitors for distinction is, on every such occasion
difficult and onerous. Our space precludes us from enter-
ing into details for the present; but we cannot do less
than point out some of what we considered the most
talented productions.
Over the entrance door of the principal room, is a large
picture, (No. 1,)—" Lady Jane Grey summoned to Ex-
ecution," by Leahy. The figures are as large as life.—
Lady Jane is kneeling before a crucifix with uplifted eyes,
and behind her are numerous attendants—her faithful ad-•
herents, and the gruff armed officers and others who are
to drag her to her death. The -conception, drawing, and
colouring are all good, verifying the passage in Knight's
History from which it is taken,—" In countenance no-
thing cast down, neither her eyes anything washed with
tears, although her gentlewomen wonderfully wept.
Handed from a kingdom to a scaffold, she suffered for the
faults of others, having overcome all the frowns of adverse
fortune by her constancy and innocence."
" Mount St. Michael, ' in Cornwall, (49,) by Stanfield,
is a fine large sea view, with the remains of the wreck of
a ship in the turbulent waters in the foreground, sur-
rounded by boats. The marine and land portions are
both ably wrought out. (By A. Elmore.)
" Rienzi in the Forum," energetically addressing his
followers, is another fine picture, which. we believe won
the prize at the Royal Academy. The figures and group-
ing are peculiarly striking, and the colouring chaste and
admirable :

" Then turn we to the lateFt tribune name,
From her the thousand tyrants turn to thee,
Redeemer of dark centuries of shame,—
The friend of Petrarch—hope of Italy,
Rienzi! last of Romans." Byron.
" Endymions s Dream," (21,) by our townsman West-
cott, is worthy of his talents. It is a large and well-
finished picture.
" Windermere," (50,) and (53,) the " Head of Loch
Lemond," are two beautiful small landscapes, by A. Hunt.
" A Warrier Knight," of the olden time, by Etty, (with
a turbanned figure behind,) is one of the finest produc-
tions in the rooms. The head, beard, and armour of the
knight, are deeply shadowed, and the countenance strong-
ly characteristic of indomitable manhood and firmness
of purpose.
" The Madness of Hercules," (destrosing his wife and
children,) by Patten, is highly artistic, and will doubtless
add to the fame of that favourite painter.
" Shrimping on the Sands of St. Michael" by E. W.
Cooke, is a creditable effort, and forms a pleasing sea-view.
" Dinner Time, in a Franciscan Convent at Florence,"
(209,) by S. A. Hunt, R.A., is a letting out of " th'e
secrets of the prison-house." The friars are devouring
large basins of what may be supposed to be anything but
soup meagre, and each has allotted to him his large de-
canter of wine ! The figures and the perspective of the
Refectory are well managed, as are the lights.
Burrowdale, (226,) is a clever sketch, by Mrs. W.
Burnett. No. 116, a Girl and Butterfly, by Miss E.
Hunt, is also beautifully coloured, and both highly cre-
ditable to the fair artistes.
Ansdell's picture of the " Board Room of the Blue
Coat Hospital," attracts much admiration. The portraits
art all striking likenesses, but there is rather a sameness
(as we have before noticed) or rather an over ruddiness in
the countenances. This time may subdue. 143, 106,
62, 142, and 123, are all, we consider, well executed small
pieces ; 177, a large sea-shore fishing scene, is also good.
A cottage scene, 168, also struck us as meritorious, and
166, " moonlight."
Poole. the author of the Plague Picture, exhibited last
The Albion of yesterday contains an article upon year, has treated us to another of his " horribles,"—the
sacking of a Moorish town,—many of the figures lying
proceeding alleged to have been taken by Mr. 1 about dying or dead, from famine. We took it for ano-
Parker, in order to secure his election for St. ther " plague," and though it exhibits great talent,—a
Anne's Ward, which, coming from a liberal journal- plague take him, we say, for putting us to pain while we
ist, is really a gem in its way. It seems that it has must admire genius ! He has partly redeemed himself,
been thought right by the conservative party in the however, by contributing. a beautiful rural piece,—" a
ward to object to some twenty or thirty (the exact .
. female crossing a river with a child on her back,"—very
sweet, soft, and beautiful.
number is not stated) of the liberal Burgesses; and Landseer has contributed one piece—the head and fore
our very pure journalist, wiping out from his me- , part cf a deer-hound—with rough bristly-looking hair,
mory the proceedings of his league and anti-mono- very admirably executed.
poly friends, who are at this moment objacting to ' . From Havell we observed Nos. 76
p, ~ a3lr beaausetiefne
uT, weisthea
nine tenths of the Conservative Electors of the gcilaPrlYy ipnattlYie fine d thin) blue 'hazsecaoreaistance, and ray:of
county, and a preponderating majority of the Con- sunlight, which this artist manages so exquisitely.
servative Burgesses of the town, holds up his hands No 275, a scene from Gil Blas, by T. M. Joy, is ex-
in reprobation of this very improper practice when tremely happy in conception and execution. Christ at
pursued, in self-defence, by any opponent par: y. theleo tombe as i
sof
oneL a znaersurs ,
it Oa 3,
representinganothr ,)
thei a
lion, fine
the
ia scripturalm
Shocking of conservatives to do that upon good piece,
in peaceful proximity. No. 264, a scene in a Kent-
grounds, which a liberal may do with impunity ish Hop Ground, by Roods. is a fine spirited production.
upon no grounds at all! The Italian Boy, with his Guinea-pig, (238,) by, (we be-
Upon one or two points of this astonding charge lieve,) Gamberdella, is one of the clearest, roundest, and
against Mr. Parker, a little more care on the part mostiiere pilseaaslanrgley e;xepturersesiov;
jpaoerorietxshittlitthge
the,chilaletiongv.
of our contemporary in ascertaining facts, would garment, by large picture
and a good scriptural piece, by
have saved him from the perpe,tration of some need- Huggins, of this town. In the same room is a beautifully
less importinencee. So far from Mr. Parker being executed landscape, with anglers near a stream, (No. 340,)
so vastly anxious, as he is represented, to retain the 1 atsied twoebe bye .I,:i Be. PI m . oftig.tlthe %llFFs,?f[:neVt
' recAkm
dignity of a councillor, it was only after consider which—
) W. uooken;oBl7,e97ar,Oysters., Nuts,o a&es,o;op, p
..44 ) by
11 The High-
able urging that he consented again to offer him- ,
land Lament," with a bag-piper, followed by mourners
self, and then only upon the assurance that he was ' through
a mountain pass, by H. Johnston; 225, "Scene
to be freed from all expence in the contest. Neither on the Nile," by Muller, &c. The Eglingtons and Col-
has Mr. Parker had anything to do personally with lingwood and Lee have all contributed fine peces, but
the objections, as is also stated by our contem-aptorgaeistesnotf furthernatves
o particularize.
etow n Thereandotarsrei
porary, that gentleman having only returned to wenlany cannotgoo d
including an excellent one of our excellent nautical friend
Liverpool on Saturday, from a fortnight's visit to Lieut. Parsons, R.N., by Beattie,—one of E. Rushton,
the country. So much, therefore, for the veracity Esq., another of Mrs. Jackson, of Birkinhead, and
of the Albion's prompters on this occasion. several others.
We are confidently inbrmed that Mr. Parker has
of which, however, looked beautiful at a hasty
not interfered in any manner with the proceedings many
had not time to inspect the water-colour drawings,
preparatory to the election, he has not canvassed an thy of the highest commendation, and ought to be visited
giaanncye,and we can but add that the whole collection is wor-
elector, and, if re-elected, will be returned by as by every person of taste in the town and neighbourhood.
independent a constituency as any represented in
the council chamber, and he certainly has done his

It is urged that if Mr. Ruston's view of the in-
terpretation of the 79th clause (in opposition to
better lawyers who construe it in conjunction with
the 80th, by which the powers of the magistrates are
strictly confined to "conviction" of " any neglect of
duty or of any disobedience of any lawful order") be
not correct—if their power to dismiss be not a ca-
pricious power—the power of the Watch Committee
must be equally restricted. Fortunately, however,
it occurs that the Watch Committee claim no such
unreasonable power, as conferred by the Act of
Parliament; but take it under a portion of Article
No. 12 of the " Conditions of Service," signed by
every policeman on entering the force, which is as
follows :
" Each police constable is liable to immediate dismis-
sal for unlitness, negligence, or misconduct, without any
cause being assigned.',

Here is the Watch Committee's position. They
lose no useful power by the strictly legal and con-
stitutional interpretation of the act of Parliament.
We trust we are now done with this question.
In whatever way, or before whatever tribunal it
may be decided, we are content to leaue it to the
osdinary and only proper tribunals.

duty to that constituency by sedulously watching
over their interests, both in committees and at the
meetings of the council.

FEMALE ORPHAN ASYLUM.—This Evening the claims
of this deserving Charity will be advocated in a Sermon
at St. Michael's church, by the Rev. Hugh M`Neile.
The Mercury is mistaken in saying that " the Grand
Master of the Orange Lodges sits as a member of the
Watch Committee." The Grand Master of the Order
is a nobleman of as high and illustrious rank as any
which graces the British Peerage, and we may as well
enlighten our contemporary a little further by saying that
it is not Lord Kenyon who holds such office.
COMMITMENT.—Yesterday, at the Police Court, two
girls, Margaret Smith and Margaret Evans, were charged
with having stolen two shawls, the property of a Mrs.
Jones. The complainant said that the prisoner Smith,
who had lived in Greenland-street, had entered her ser-
vice on Thursday, and had left on the same day. The
articles being missed, she was searched for and appre-
hended, together with the other prisioner (Evans) who
was supposed to have had something to do with plepging
them. The latter, apparently a fine modest girl, told a
very simple and affecting story, to the effect that the other
girl had come to her when on the eve of going to service,
stating that she had absolutely nothing to eat; that to
procure some money to relieve her necessities she had
pledged her mother's shawl, and given her a shilling, on
the faith of the other's promise that she would, on going
to her place, find money to redeem it ; that her mother
wanting the article before the prisoner made good her pro-
mise, she was obliged to take a blanket to pledge to redeem
it, lest her mother should beat her, &c., and, finally, that
she had no knowledge when she pledged the articles for
the prisoner, to recover the blanket with part of the mo-
ney, that they were dishonestly come by. This prisoner
received an excellent character from two parties in court,
and Mr. Rushton stated, that he believed her story, and
immediately discharged her. Her mother, a respectable
woman, who was present, but not required to give evi-
dence, cried " Thank you, sir I" and immediately after-
wards fainted, and was carried out of court in that
state. The prisoner Smith was committed for trial.
THE CIVILIZATION OF THE INTERIOR OF AFRICA.—
We noticed, some weeks ago, that Mr. Jamieson's
steam-vessel, Ethiope, after having sailed for Africa, on
a renewed attempt to establish commercial relations with
the interior, by the Niger, had put back from stress of
weather, but without injury. She sailed again about ten
days ago, and, though too late for the Niger this season,
will visit some of the other rivers on the coast. Notwith-
standing previous disasters to former expeditions, there
are strong grounds to hope that this will eventually be
crowned with success. Upon the discovery, by the
Landors, in 1831, that the Niger, or Quorra, flowed into
the Bight of Biafra, several Liverpool merchants sent out
a vessel to prosecute trade up that river; but sickness so
reduced the ship's company as to deter them from further
proceedings. Mr. Jamieson, who was no party to this
adventure, but who had acquainted himself with the geo-
graphical and commercial situation of the country deter-
mined to renew the enterprise on a limited scale, and, in
1840, the Ethiope, Capt. Becroft, manned chiefly by
Africans, was sent out. She reached the Niger, penetrated
higher up than had yet been done, remained seven months
in the river, and held friendly commercial intercouse with
the natives. At llabbah, the largest town, Capt. 8., was
paticularly well received, and the king, in taking leave of
him, expressed a wish that he would return, and bring
with him " some brass cannon for defending his town ;
two sofa beds, and a large trunk." The expedition of
the " African Civilization Society " followed in 1841 under
Captain Trotter and Captain Allen ; and, from fever and
want of a matured plan, was most disastrous. But for
the aid of Captain Becroft, who rendered them every as-
sistance, the fatality would have been greater. The object
of this expedition was to introduce an improved system
of agriculture and commerce, christianity and civilization.
They proposed a model farm on a larger scale than that
at Sierra Leone, at which they pointed ; so as to induce a
traffic in produce in place of in human beings. Mr.
Jamieson came forward at the time with his views, which
were different. His principle was that they should first
show that there was a demand for the produce of the
land, (without which no one would set about raising it,)
and that the required commodities could be got
in exchange for it. He also proved that there was
no slave trade on the coast—our preventive force
having broken it up, and that a commerce much
more valuable, in palm oil, &e., had grown up in its place
near the Niger, and chiefly with Liverpool. The society
have virtually acknowledged their error by many of tbeir
leaders now supporting the plans of Mr. Jameison. On this
subject the Scottish Guardian from which we condense
some of these particulars) says, " This is a gratifying
testimony to the excellence of practical over theoretical
views, and to the sound judgment and genuine philanthro-
py in which these (Mr. Jarneison's) plans are conceived.
On reviewing the whole subject, we consider it one that
well deserves the encouragement and support of every
benevolent man."

THE FUNDS : SATURDAY NIGHT.—The public secu-
rities were good to-day at advancing prices, Consols for
money reaching 100 k to 4, and for the account, 1004-to 4.
A purchase of £150,000 stock for the account by a leading
broker gave much impulse to business. Bank stock left
off 2081 to 209 i ; Exchequer-bills 745. to 765. pm. ; and
India stack 289 to 290. In_ the foreign morket the deal-
ings were limited, but prices were nevertheless very firm.
Spanish Five per Cents. closed 234 to 241; the Three
per Cents. 35 to 8 ; Portuguese 471 to 481 ; Peruvian 251
to 261 ; Mexican, 374 t. 4; the Deferred 154 to 4; Dutch
Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 624 to 4; the Five per Cents.
1001 to 101 ; Danish 89 to 90; Chilian 104 to 106; Co-
lumbian 144 to 0 ; Buenos Ayres 361 to 371; Brazilian
891 to 901; and Belgian 1031 to 1041.
STRANGE AND OPPRESSIVE PRACTICE OF A " DE-
TECTIVE POLICE" FORCE.—That your " Liberal" or
Radical in politics is almost invariably tyrannical when
invested with power, we have had opportunities of ob-
serving in our own locality ; hut we never remembered a
case more strongly evincing the rigid character of Radical
despotism, than has just been attempted to be perpe-
trated by the Radical and Popish authorities of Dublin.
At the usual meeting of the North Dublin Poor-law
Union, a wretched looking man was introduced to solicit
admission into the Workhouse as a pauper. From his
own statement, corroborated by two of the " detective "
police, who were in attendance, be had been two years ago
convicted of a felony, and had been four times since im-
prisoned for being found out after sunset ! This body of
detective police, it transpired, have the orders of their
worthy and liberal masters, to meet and watch offenders
on their coming out of prison at the expiration of their
sentences; and if they find them out after sunset, they
are to arrest them, upon which a month's imprisonment
,is awarded. Thus the poor' fellow in question, who
I stated that his brothers, who were respectable, were wil-
ling to do for him, had been so constantly dogged by the
police, that he dared not disgrace them by approaching
their door. He was, he said, the first of his family who
had been an outcast ; and, " gentlemen," he continued,
piteously, "is it not cruel that an unfortunate man who
once commits a crime should be thus hunted down like a
wild beast ?" The Board censured strongly the system
pursued; and the man was admitted into the Workhouse
as the only. asylum left him save a felon's cell, the New
Poor-law thus proving more humane than a Radical
Municipal Corporation !
THANKSGIVING FOR THE LATE ABUNDANT HAR-
VEST.—On Thuisday next, as may be seen from an ad-
vertisement, the Rev. J. 11. Stewart will have a special
service at St. Bride's Church, for the purpose of return-
ing thanks to Almighty God for the late abundant har-
vest, after which, a collection m ill be made for the Female
Orphan Asylum. The reverend gentleman has issued a
very interesting address on the subject, in which, after
noticing that during the Levitical dispensation, the feast
of the ingathering of the harvest was to be observed every
year, he says, "although these Levitical feasts were, as to
their form, abolished, with the other parts of the legal ce-
remonies, their spirit is preserved in the Gospel." The
New Testament deslares that the Lord "Left not himself
without witness, in that he did good, and gave us rain
from Heaven, and fruitful seasons, filling our hearts with
food and gladness."
There also, we are directed by Him,
that is, by our Lord Jesus Christ, "to offer up the sacrifice
of praise to God, continually giving thanks to his name."
In the northern part of our island, and in some other
Christian countries a day of thanksgiving is kept at the
close of every harvest. Similar acknowledgments have
been frequently made in our land. At this time such,a
day of public thanksgiving appears peculiarly approptiate.
It will be in your remembrance, that during the spring
season there was an unusually long period of dry weather,
a period, indeed, so long, that a drought, and a conse-
quent failure of our crops was apprehended. But, the
Lord in his tender mercy sent a gracious rain, softening
the furrows, and blessing the springing corn; then follow-
ing these grateful showers with balmy zephyrs and "clear
sunshine after rain," thus making "the earth blossom and
bud," " filling our barns with plenty," and " crowning
the year with his goodness." Nor has the Lord's boun-
teous hand stopped here. But whilst he has favoured us
with an abundant harvest, he has in his gracious provi-
dence caused so happy a change in our commercial affairs;
r that instead of that depression in trade, which, not long
since threw out of employment such numbers of our ope-
ratives; now, our ports are crowded with ships and ves-
sels, our manufactories are in full work, and our industri-
ous poor find for the most part a ready demand for their
labor."

CORRESPONDENCE.

THE SAILING MACHINE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL gI'ANDARD.
shall be extremely obliged by your inserting
the following correction of a trivial -error or two in your
recent notice of the model of a Sailing Carriage, now in
possession of John Grantham, Esq., which is there stated
to have been invented by Sir James Oxenden, of Sussex.
The machine in question was invented by Sir Henry
Oxenden, in Kent,—and by him used for very many
years, both in Kent and elsewhere.
Those which I have built myself, after the same model
and plan in all respects, have been constantly used by ore
every summer, on some one or other of the large plains
of England—including Newmarket—but never at Ascot.
I am now building one of somewhat larger dimensions,
which I expect will sail about forty miles an hour,—at
which great pace, twenty seconds, or twenty-five seconds
will suffice to bring her to a dead stand still. This I
mention to chew the ease and safety with which she is
managed.
Up to sixty miles an hour there is no difficulty what-
ever in increasing the speed, but there is great difficulty
in finding safe and ample sailing-ground for these high
velocities.

Your insertion of this explanation will oblige
Your obedient servant,
G. CHICHESTER OXENDEN.
September 28, 1844.

THE CALOTYPE ART.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SIR,—In your paper of the 10th current, a copy of
which has just reached me at this place, where it has
followed me from Edinburgh, I observe, in a flattering
editorial notice of the exhibition at Mr. Grundy's, of a
collection of sketches by means of the photogenic process
called the calotype, that you have made the mistake of
attributing the discovery of this art to Mr. Adamson, of
St. Andrew's, by whose chemical manupulations, under
my artistic superintendence, these sketches have been
produced. The discovery of this very beautiful and most
valuable art the world owes to an English gentleman—an
eminent and well-known prosecutor of science—namely,
Henry Fox Talbot, Esq., of Lacock Abbey. The dis-
covery, though yet very little known, is not so recent as
you infer, being coeval with the sister art discovered in
France by Daguerre. The art is secured to Mr. Talbot
by patent, with whose approval it was first introduced into
Edinburgh about a year and a half ago, by Mr. Adamson,
who, for some time previous, as an amateur, had laboured,
with some success, in improving its processes. Mr.
Adamson and myself will feel obliged if, in your next
paper, you will correct the mistake to which I have thus
taken the liberty to direct your attention.—Yours, &c.,
D. 0. HILL.

British Association, York,
Sept. 28, 1844.
[As regards the " mistake" alluded to we have merely
to state that our authority as to the discovery was derived
from Mr. Grundy's printed prospectus of the intended
work, in which no mention whatever was made either of
our correspondent's name, or that of Mr. Talbot. The
mistake does not, therefore, lie with us, but we are obliged
to our correspondent for his explanation.]

SELF-SUPPORTING INSTITUTIONS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.

SIR,—In your remarks upon the Design of Self-sup-
porting Institutions there are, in consequence of the de-
sultory manner in which the subject was explained on the
evening your reporter attended, some misconceptions as
to my objects and views, which I shall be obliged by your
permission to correct.
In the first place-, I am endeavouring not to raise funds,
but to excite attention to a general principle of economy,
in the hope that others more competent, especially among
the intelligent and enterprizing residents of Liverpool, so
distinguished for the number and munificence of its be-
nevolent institutions, may form a better modificatiou than
that which has been devised, and issue a prospectus of
their own.

Neither is a "reconstruction of the fabric of society"
one of my objects, for that implies a previous dissolution,
but rather to leave all the institutions of society undis-
turbed, and to form establishments of 300 families each,
and composed of one class only.
It would, indeed, be chimerical to attempt to amalga-
mate different classes almost as much opposed in habits
and feelings to each other, as the inhabitants of civilized
and uncivilized countries. When it is conceded that the
design " might do for those who have been long destitute
or unfortunate, such might there find a happy asylum,"
all is admitted that can be desired, for who should be
first attended to but the destitute? and, 1 trust, that you
will press upon your readers the urgent necessity of ex-
amining, and ultimately applying this practicable remedy.
I should be quite willing to leave the " doctrine of non-
competition" to be decided by the test of experiment.
Let two establishments be formed adopting professedly;
as we have done before, the motives inculcated by reli-
gion. The love of God with all our hearts, and the love
of our neighbours as ourselves; superadd in one of the
establishments the stimulus of competition, and there
would soon be found less manifestations of talent, of
genius, and even less of wealth and enterprize, than in
that establishment recognizing and appealing to the more
exalted -motives only.
For the sublime Epic of Milton, and for the Principle
of Newton, we are indebted to loftier aspirations than
competition will ever excite.—l am, sir, your most obe-
dicnt servant,

15, Rodney-street, Liverpool,
September 28, 1844.

J. M. MORGAN.

[We assure our benevolent and polite correspondent
that, our reporter had no intention to misrepresent his
views, and that he stands corrected on the points alluded
to. He was, however, drawn into the belief that the ob-
ject was eventually, if not now, to raise funds for a model
institution, from the conversation that took place relative
to the funds required, &c.,—of which a sort of prospectus
appears in our correspondent's pamphlet,--and it appears
to us of little consequence whether the money be raised in
shares, by his individual exertions, or the office of doing
so fall into the hands of some of our townsmen. In the
hasty paragraph of our reporter, the words " reconstruc-
tion of the fabric of society," should properly have been
substituted by "'reformation' of society ;" but the alter-
ation is, we think, of trivial moment. The principle is
everything. This, our correspondent would, he says, ap-
ply to "one class only ;" and this, we presume, is the
rural class, in districts remote from towns; but our cor-
respondent must be reminded, that, on a question being
put to him as to the practicability of his plan as regarded
seafaring men and others, he expressed an opinion that it
would be equally applicable to fishing coasts or villages.
We have the misfortune still to differ from him on his
advocacy of " non-competition ; " but we repeat that,
lamentiung the existing evils of society, we, should re-
joice to see one institution on his plan fairly put
to the test ; even with (as he proposes) one class.
Even with such a circumscribed latitude as this, we
had so much doubt of its success, and, at the same
time, so strong an assurance of his open-hearted and
truly philanthropic views, that we should exceedingly
regret his adventuring any large amount of his means in
such a speculation.—Edit. Standard.]