The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-08-27 00:00:00


August, 27,1814.

THE NEW WOODSIDE-FERRY STEAM-BOA:TS.

IMPORTANT APPLICATION OF TWO RUDDERS.

We have for some time noticed, and (in common with loosened to act as a rudder, or firmly
efixed (when that
all w
principle
the
t'73 o have recently crossed our river) much admired, end becomes the bow) by means of a dropping bolt, so as
new iron steam-vessels, on a novel and improved to complete and make good, even to a nicety of joint, the
of steering for intricate navigation, invented and thin after portion of the cutwater. The great advantage
built by
bY Mr. John Laird, of Birkenhead, and now plying over all previous plans of two rudders, and we believe
~.`h‘ Passengers between Liverpool and Woodside—our only one or two single boats have been built with two
a"t frequented ferry on the Cheshire shore. Vessels rudders (in which each rudder was left naked and unpro-
tizieng two rudders—to be used as occasion required— tected), is that the outer edge of each bow-formed extra-
have
success,—no
before been occasionally tried, but with indifferent mite, or cutwater, is of standard iron, sufficiently strong
—no previous plan of which we are aware, having to avert the cansequence to the rudder, of the cable getting
_ practically developed, affording sufficient protection athwart hause, of a bump, cr running foul of any floating
nd Steadiness against even slight collision with a sea- object, a pier or the like—which was generally fatal to
irteYe or a floating object, to the rudder which, for the the rudder in the former plans,—and at the same time
ca,,j,eing. became the crdwater—the other acting in its not so thick as to act to any conceivable extent as
0..--ILY as a helm. Mr. Laird appears to have entirely a stop-water when that end becomes the stern, and it
,pe'`ere,orne the difficulty tbaL presented itself in this re- stands abaft the rudder like a stancheon or outer stern-
row " so that the great desideratum in navigating nar- post. In the old plans the rudder, which became the cut.
the
or confused channels—the immediate reversion of water, was liable to be carried away on a slight concussion
in
,vessel either end foremost, without backing, round- with any object, or even by the se a through which it was
vueg_ or loss of time—is effectually achieved. The forced. In the present plan the outer-standing part of
4, gels to which we allude, the " Queen" and the the cut-water evidently not only protects it from the first
rince," are each about 110 feet in length, 22 feet in of these casualties, but ploughs a way for it, so that it is
oahnlo.vvithin the paddle-boxes, and have each engines of less liable to be thrust from side to side, or carriea away
plc ;_ises-Power, with oscillating cylinders. The princi- ins a sea-way, a danger which is, of course, increased by
ra3044 however, applicable to vessels of any size or any the velocity of the ship. Mr. Laird, therefore, very ap-
of leam propulsion, and even, we presume, to sail- propriately denominates this main feature of his invention
handsome
for peculiar purposes. These two vessels area (for which he has taken out a patent) " a guard." In
It7_,d, some model, sit on the water OD an even keel; each order to be better understood, we supply the following
au sharp
when they are stationary represents a fine bow with diagrams, shewing the construction and working of the
rrojecting cutwater—a portion of which, within two rudders :
c outer edge is a moveable door that may be instantly
PLAN I.

This skews the bolt dropped into the rudder, when it is This skews the bolt drawn up, and the rudder in use
intended to act as the cutwater and bow of the vessel. for steering the vessel.

PLAN 11.

Pl 1 L represents the side view of the extremities of
blin iron
according
iron steam-boat having two rudders, each protected
toguard (a b). The two rudders may be hung
any convenient arrangement, and have tillers
onv steeling apparatus to give motion thereto,—the
th et'tiun not depending on the torm of rudders use , or
e 'tanner of hanging or working them ; this part of the
tulention being fora pplying gulrds (a b) to steam or
.Vtler vessels which have two rudders, one at each end.
13Y the-
:ndstfaitauetimneans vessels may conveniently be propel! d
to guard (a or I)) being forward, and, for the time being,
g the cutwater of the vessel, the rudder at the
,offor' Or b) being then retained fast, and the guard will
at dProtection to the rudder. c c are two rudders, one
eachand
"Id of the steam-boat, or, it may be, of other
Arid d d are axes to which the rudders are affixed,
rod,re axes turn in suitable bearings at ef. When the
And,er(a or b) is for the time being the stem rudder,
then 14,th its guard, acting as the cutwater of the vessel,
top°lt (9), or other convenient means, is employed
:re it in its firm position fore and aft.
stern IL represeets deck views of the forecastle, or
steer: as it may be, of the vessel, showing the usual
is terig tackle and steering wheels, one at each end. b
ft7erudder guard, and c the rudder when hard over.
etleall
Ara greadvantage
at of this principle of steering is daily
• •
Notal p
vinced by the new Woodside boats under re-
-0„ having to " back out "—especially from the
;ter, t'lrthe Cheshire side, where the stream is frequently
„Te.roaaag—a saving is effected of six or seven minute,
Wing Fg.. with a strong flood tide to Liverpool. By this
'e two ho'iale--which is most acceptable to passengers—
Provid_ats
eot Os soon as better landing accommodation
'quarter of. al Liverpool) will start from either side every
sa",aur, in place of every half-hour as at pre-
h""nron rtL„.,a4eomplishing double the work of boats of
rust no--",vruction at the same expense; for the steam
4;lethowf iltib-ceul was
hands °e kept up all day, and the same number of
fc:tantlY on board. In proof of the facility
tither endh these vessels may be reversed in motion (with
most), we may state that inexperiment, while
Mpg up the river, against a strong tide,

the engine was stopped, and the bow-bolt drawn up, and
the ve,sel, without turning, put in rapid motion down the
river in fifty seconds. On another occasion, when going
down with a strong stream, the same reversing operation
being resorted to, she was making good way in the other
direction against the opposing tide—which it of course re-
quired great power in the first instance to stem—in one
minute and a quarter. Ordinary vessels would have had
to make a long sweep round in either case, and would
probably have required eight or ten minutes to accomplish
the same object.
The employment of these rudders would, doubtless be
of very great advantage in steam-ships of war, or explor-
ing vessels, particularly yun-boats and tug vessels, as by
means of them they might run up narrow creeks or in-
lets, in which they had not room to turn or wear round,
for purposes either offensive to an enemy or promotive of
commerce. In accidentally taking the ground, too, they
might the more readily steam off, as well as more safely
thread their way in shallow and narrow waters.
The new Woodside boats arc, we may add, very fast,
(ten knots en hour) and little or no difference is percep-
tible in their speed, whichever end goes foremost. They
are extremely roomy and convenient on deck, and have a
large commodious cabin at each end. There is nothing
aristocratic about them, for there is a quarter-deck at
both termini, and no distinction of passengers except
what they themselves choose to make. The engines, by
George Forrester and Co., are beautiful pieces of me.
chanisin, the sight of which is itself a treat ; and their
whole equipment is highly creditable to the constructors
and to the commissioners of Biikerrhead, who have sup-
plied them for the improved accommodation of the public.
In the event of war, vessels fitted in this manner as
gun-boats, would be invaluable in protecting our coast,
all up the English channel, and in annoying our oppo-
nents; for vessels similar to the Woodside boats de-
scribed, could be constructed to carry two long sixty-
eight pounders, and would therefore be most powerful
engines of deitruc•ion. We shall probably hereafter give
a more full description of the plan as applicable to ships
of war.

ORTI
CULTURAL EXHIBITION AT THE
BOTANIC GARDEN.

. T.
Foster, 1 ,
sr:
id; e.
prising the beholders as if some necromancy was at work.
tll,
Mr. Stubb's occasionally touched the musical bells with
great effect, and also played a pleasing French instru-
ment, little, if at all, known in this country.
The following is a
LIST OF THE PRIZES.
(To aroid the useless repetition of " Best" Second Best/
we put 1 and 2 immediately after the name of the party.)
PLANTS Aso FLOW:. RS.
CAPE LIEATHS, eight. kinds.—Messrs. Davies, of Wavertree Nur-
sery,s; 3s,t
eighter.. S'
ninel u vis varietiesnvge,c
il—e‘sai‘—liteoNsnis
riNursery,
.ss
Fairfield Nursery, 1;
Messrs. Cunningham, Oakvale Nursery, 2. FuscnAl
Mr. Skirving 3.1" and
Est;
gardener.
LOBELIAS,
Reid ; C. Horsfall, Esq.. 2, gardener. T. Lees.
STOVE PLANTS, SIX, exclusive of Orchidacite.—Messrs. Day'
co., 1 ; Messrs. Cunningham and Co. 2;
GREENHOUSE PLANTS, four.—C. HorLll,
ter, 2; William Blain, Esq., 3-
SINGLE ORNAMENTAL SPECIMEN.—Mr. Skirv* 1
Mr Skll'-
Extlsingle specimen, C. Ilorsfall, Esq_ ' ; 11. •
'°ilrT'egjec. specimens,
ter, gardener, P. Norbury,2. Esq., M anches-
BASK ET CI, PLANTS.—W. Blain, Esq., 1 •
DAnr.iAs, twelve varieties.—H. , Mrs. T. Foste 2.
gar-
dener; W. Preston, Esq., 2 J Esq.' 1'
P' ]ter,ny ohn Morris, gardener.
FRUIT,

The third and last exhibition of plants, flowers and
fruits, took place at the Botanic-garden, on Friday last,
and was the finest we have yet had the pleasure to recot d.
The company was very numerous, comprising the elite of
the town and neighbourhood, and the tents, the conserva-
tory, and the delightful promenades in the grounds, were
thronged, throughout the afternoon, by continued streams
of fashionable parties, including a large proportion of ele-
gantly arrayed ladies, who looked most bewitching,—all
taking a lively interest in the now undoubted progress of
the institution.
The fruits exhibited, though the period of the year was
favorable for their plentiful production, exceeded expec-
tation, both as to quantity acrd quality.tose shTowhen grapes,ltl
white and black, and particularly
e
Earl of Derby and Mr. Sinclair, were very largeyanu
luscious, some of them three inches
we observed
The large
somep figs,
and apricots were also fine ; and
sent by Sir W. M. Stanley, three inches.t and a half long,
Amongst some
and two inches and a half in diameter.
Silenttx pines was a well grown . ebleoro.d" pine, sent by
4 -Leigh, Esq., a variety of this deliciousfruitinwhtibcihs
has rarely, if ever, been brought to perfection
fountry. This fine sample, from which may be dated an achievement" in the horticultural world, measuce Ilf in
:pbes in length, and about five inches and a ia
alarneter—of a longish form and most tempting blood-red
treatance• Great praise is due to Mr. Fraser, gardener.
eelb,„l4ll,,Leigh, for this production.. Lord Derby's mis-
ivir-7. eus collection of fruits, and, also those of Mr.
equat fin Otterspool, and Sir W. M. Stanley, were all
the i,Ve. In this department of the show, indeed,
i4a. Zes must have been somewhat puzzled how to de-
The 40 close was the competition.
A Sta °rebid
plants on the whole very superior.
boyf ImilyttPeelay eein°euesuitaabewaeurteiful aromatic and rare species
1..i1i r•
11°rsrall ° lie! admiration., as _ _ did the
tr d ' d from the Japan Islands, and sent
cut:l:p Specioso, excited muchs
Ni csrs
o picuouslv beautiful. , e,
et Lotngbain exlittaelr acbenautiful Aclemines 9randiflora.
ngal
abown h„ ~.". An 0
It a, -, zi. li net ni finest we have yet seen.
1 " of ye
r• orsfall, was the
'cl. m Lanceanum—a single plant,
tewer than
eit'Y large size, finely grown,
hile some others
tuaithat one. .erv,_en specks of flower,s and bearing no
Erie
liberal encourager v„,l7.ll_tor, a
and a
of horticulture,
i.i.tell Ole nd te gentlemran, v,l;ol'is a praiseworthy
epcoorage
". stove ~,, o this institution, sent a number of other.
'111011,14,r
ants'a &C., which we have not room to specify
Skirvn.-g admirable Pancratium Speciosum. Mr..
azoti . was agaitatillePabeB4.B‘eitiiliThe
n very successful in various beautiful
Ericas, or heath plants, were altogether
Ital "it'eri `e and variet of bloom. We observed one,
f hi b alla a • }I tich IA 4 (set magnificent heath about four feet andoaf
fin .°l3l. 1., by Mr. I Hadwin,) with abundance
or ak-ei"..aptiobiaus It, ev. J. Mainwaring, of Brombro' sent
forined' la ppeal),enden.s, like a prickly flowering pla.nt
Peared a great 'lnce to the cactus. The Fufscluas
•uMired
..._, Pre.e,,hl attraction, and Mr. Whalley again an-
te"? Plaiita.entiv," 4 cultivator of this tribe of justly
ce andr select aurt„-4r; Cunningham alsn shewed some
it r -ells'al• We -11 l Dahlias Mr. H. Moss was most
0 a
.24ekv, mr....irvieerssaw a finer display of these superb
tel'h baskets Atrtb„
t I obtained an extra prize.
other uled by kr A ants were excellent, particularly that
Grawrareties on st
• Blain, in which there were, am g
tall "'nsa.-- ' l'iree distinct varieties of the Cattleya
iti_ find
__
.Parasitea, or rather epathites—brought into
78. p„Lurious flaw the time in England.
d skroter, of w er for first
the d It bY a It. oolton-hill, again exhibited great taste
b , evi iscellaneous collection of plants. Amongst
flower-
Mr, 0, „were a
aoke .kiiioelE r garden with hot-houses
&c.,
It_ , arid ,a oreman
stand Messrs. Whalley ; a hand-
Z7klcift,, well. rranged of cut flowers, by Mr.
'.l:ise. -1 um, but we have not room further to particu-
_v alp o
neli ' .tnbb,a
Al tlited th Harmonic. Band was on the ground,. and
eayed
_,, e ear with a variety of favorite airs and pieces,
nitaee'W_ much taste and precision—keeping in coun-
eYe, ti, Lue fountain, which also " played," to please the
141 hie centre jet keeping in "play" a light ball, re-
o. e ari apple. vi. hi "Lalned it .
ch rose fell in mid-air amid ,
s equilibrium by theand hydraulic action,, stir- 1

6
RAPES, varieties.— A. Sinclair,EW, Wavertree, 1, John Robinson,
gardener; John Moss, Esq., 2, Noah James, gardener.
PINES.-J. S. Leigh, Esq., 1, James Fisiser, gardener, (for the
Blood Pine) ; the arl of Derby, 2, J. Jennings, gardener.
MELoNs.—Mrs. T. Foster, l ; H. Winch, Esq., 2, J. Young, gar.
dener.

PEACIIES.—Sir W. M. Stanley, Bart , Hooton, 1, J. Drewett, gar-
dener; H. H. Birley, Esq., 2.
NECTARINES.—H. H. Birley, Esq., 1 ; Rev. J. Mainwaring, Brom-
bro' Hall, 2, T. Stanton, gardener.
BASKETS or• FRUIT.—The Earl of Derby, 1; E. D. Falkner, Esq.,
2, J. Smith, gardener; A. Sinclair, Esq., 3. All these were very
fine.
COLLECTION OF FRUIT.—A. Sinclair, Esq., 1.

EXTRA PRIZES.
FOSCIIIAS—Mr. Skirviug. Oitenin4cmg—Jchn Moss, Esq. BAs-
KET OF PLANTS—C. Horsfull, Esq., 1; 1. Iladwen, Esq., 2;
Rev. J. Muinwaring, 3. DAnmes, eighteen—Mr. E. Davies,
Wavertree. RAPE s-11. Winch, Esq. MELONS—T. Kcightley,
Esq., J. 'Thompson, gardener. PINE—Rev. J. Muinwaring.
BENAISE MELON—Sir W. M. Stanley. FIGS—Sir W. M. stall-
ley. CUT FLowEns—R. M. Beckwith, Esq., 1 ; Mr, P. Harri-
son, 2..

AN EXECUTION IN SAVOY.—An execution took place
recently at Thonon, a small town of Savoy, situate on
the banks of the River Rhone. No public execution had
ever been witnessed in this little town within the memory
of man, and consequently it would be difficult to describe
the horror which the preparations for punishment excited
amongst the inhabitants at large. Nobody would supply
the executioner with the necessary articles. The various
marchands positively refused to furnish this unfortunate
Jack Ketch with the wood, the iron, and the cords which
he wanted, in order to erect the gibbet. They only yielded
at length to the stern demands of the law; and even then
they refused to take the price of the things, by making
the authorities a present of the necessary instruments and
apparatus. A woman, who kept a grocer's shop, being
required to supply a certain length of rope, shut her eyes,
and cried out—" Take what you want, but do not bring
anything back, or pay any money." All the journeymen
carpenters had refused to labour in the erection of the
gibbet, and when compelled to lend their tools by the
legal authorities, they gave up all their hatchets and saws,
in order that they might not in future be able to distin-
guish those which had been in the hand of the executioner.
The ladder and the gibbet were constructed by the execu-
tioner himself and his assistant. The condemned crimi-
nal luckily desired to walk to the scene of his punishment,
as the owner of the cart, which would have otherwise
been enlisted in the service, would assuredly have killed
his horse and burnt the vehicle after the execution had
taken place. The culprit was condemned to death for
the murder of a child nine years of age, after having mu-
tilated it in a grievous manner. A report even vi,eht
abroad, that, being a professor of the " black art," he
was in want of a child's heart for his magical purpose.,
and that he had consequently conitnitied the murder in ;
order to tear the heart out of the infant's body. Ttie ;
details of the execution are nut given. The criminal was
put to death by suspension.—Ti;nes.

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